Being less of a man or less of a woman: perceptions of chronic pain patients' gender identities.

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Bernardes, Sónia F; Lima, Maria Luísa

2010-02-01

Living with chronic pain may be a threatening experience to one's own gender identity. Findings suggest that the presence of chronic pain does not allow individuals to achieve the most valued standards of being male or female in our societies. Such contention, however, has not yet been empirically supported. Therefore, our goal was to explore laypeople's and nurses' perceptions of the man/woman with chronic low-back pain (CLBP) as compared to the typical man/woman, respectively. Three hundred and sixteen laypeople (52.8% women) and 161 nurses (54% women) participated in this study. Half of the participants were presented with a written vignette depicting a man/woman with CLBP, followed by a list of 33 traits of the masculine and feminine stereotypes. Participants evaluated the extent to which each trait fit their image of the man/woman with CLBP. The other half of the participants described the image people in general had of the typical man/woman using the same list of traits. This study consisted on a quasi-experimental design, 2 (character's sex)x2 (type of character)x2 (participant's sex)x2 (health-care training). Results have generally supported our hypotheses. Both laypeople and nurses perceived: (1) the man with CLBP as having less masculinity and more femininity-related traits than the typical man; (2) the woman with CLBP as having less femininity and more masculinity-related traits than the typical woman; and (3) the man and woman with CLBP as more similar to each other than the typical man/woman. Issues on gender identity conflicts in CP patients are discussed.

Sacrifice and self-sacrifice of Prince Lazar in the national epic from Christian and pagan aspects

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Bojanić-Ćirković Mirjana D.

2014-01-01

Full Text Available This paper approaches the motives of sacrifice and self-sacrifice of Prince Lazar as a key to the construction of this epic character. At the beginning, consulting dictionaries and previous research, we determine the terminology and concepts of sacrifice self-sacrifice. Approaching the analysis of these motifs in the epic poems and accepting attitudes about their developmental line that ranges from medieval to folk literature, first search for Christian self-sacrifice. In the final part of the paper we provide a synthesis of Christian and pagan influence on the shaping of Lazarus motif of sacrifice and self-sacrifice with an emphasis on their share, hierarchy and function.

What's Going on in Your Professor's Head? Demonstrating the Id, Ego, and Superego

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Segrist, Dan J.

2009-01-01

This article describes an in-class activity designed to demonstrate Freud's structural theory of the psyche, specifically the roles of the id, ego, and superego, as well as the interplay among them. Additionally, the activity visually illustrates Freud's ideas about the levels of consciousness associated with these 3 components. Pre-post quiz…

OUT OF SIGHT, STILL IN MIND: visually impaired women's embodied accounts of ideal femininity

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Tara A. Fannon

2016-03-01

Full Text Available With its emphasis on physical form, the diffusion of the feminine ideal relies heavily on the use of visual imagery but there is a common knowledge about  the feminine ideal that penetrates language and discourse. The relationship between mainstream representations of the feminine ideal and non-disabled female body/self dissatisfaction has been well-documented over the years but less attention has been given to understanding how such visual representations affect women with disabilities, specifically women with visual disabilities. Drawing on qualitative data taken from the personal diaries and in-depth interviews with seven blind and visually impaired Irish women, and using a feminist disability model reinforced by sociology of the body, gender theory and visual studies, I examine what it means to be a young woman with a visual disability living in a visually-reliant, appearance-oriented culture. I explore interpretations and expressions of femininity and beauty, the complicated, often fraught, relationship with female body and self and the rituals and practices used to manage appearance while having a disability.

O músculo estraga a mulher? a produção de feminilidades no fisiculturismo Does the muscle damage a woman? The production of femininities in bodybuilding

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Angelita Alice Jaeger

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Este texto analisa a relação entre a potencialização muscular e as representações de feminilidade que circulam em uma modalidade esportiva específica: o fisiculturismo. Ancora-se nos estudos culturais e em vertentes do feminismo pós-estruturalista, estabelecendo um diálogo com a teorização de Michel Foucault. As análises indicam que no esporte há um investimento para que as atletas preservem atributos culturalmente relacionados a uma representação de feminilidade normalizada. No entanto, essa recomendação não as interpela da mesma forma: algumas são capturadas por esse discurso, outras reagem e resistem indicando que uma arquitetura corporal muscularmente potencializada não estraga a mulher. Ao contrário, mostra-se como outra feminilidade, tencionando, portanto, as representações binárias de gênero.This paper analyzes the relationship between muscle potentiation and representations of femininity involved in bodybuilding. It is anchored in cultural studies and aspects of the poststructuralist feminism establishing a dialogue with the theories of Michel Foucault. The results of the analysis indicate that there is an investment in bodybuilding so that the female athletes preserve cultural attributes related to a normalized representation of femininity. However, this recommendation does not reach all the female athletes the same way. Some of them are caught by this speech, others react and resist indicating that a muscularly potentiated body architecture does not ruin the woman. On the contrary, it is seen as another femininity which questions, therefore, the binary representations of gender.

Facial reanimation by muscle-nerve neurotization after facial nerve sacrifice. Case report.

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Taupin, A; Labbé, D; Babin, E; Fromager, G

2016-12-01

Recovering a certain degree of mimicry after sacrifice of the facial nerve is a clinically recognized finding. The authors report a case of hemifacial reanimation suggesting a phenomenon of neurotization from muscle-to-nerve. A woman benefited from a parotidectomy with sacrifice of the left facial nerve indicated for recurrent tumor in the gland. The distal branches of the facial nerve, isolated at the time of resection, were buried in the masseter muscle underneath. The patient recovered a voluntary hémifacial motricity. The electromyographic analysis of the motor activity of the zygomaticus major before and after block of the masseter nerve showed a dependence between mimic muscles and the masseter muscle. Several hypotheses have been advanced to explain the spontaneous reanimation of facial paralysis. The clinical case makes it possible to argue in favor of muscle-to-nerve neurotization from masseter muscle to distal branches of the facial nerve. It illustrates the quality of motricity that can be obtained thanks to this procedure. The authors describe a simple implantation technique of distal branches of the facial nerve in the masseter muscle during a radical parotidectomy with facial nerve sacrifice and recovery of resting tone but also a quality voluntary mimicry. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

The Woman in Pieces

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Everardo Rocha

2013-10-01

Full Text Available This article aims to analyze the representation of the feminine identity in advertising. It explores the notion of social identity as a category that is experienced in the tension between classification and value. It also discusses the logic by which ads elaborate an image and, while in this process, transform the woman into a silent and fragmented body. In this article, I follow the anthropological tradition of symbolic systems analysis, and with it contribute to the debate concerning social representations throughout mass communication in general and, particularly, in advertising.

THE FEMINISM AND FEMININITY OF ANN VERONICA IN H. G. WELLS' ANN VERONICA

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Liem Satya Limanta

2002-01-01

Full Text Available H.G. Well's Ann Veronica structurally seems to be divided into two parts; the first deals with Ann Veronica's struggle to get equality with men and freedom in most aspects of life, such as in politics, economics, education, and sexuality; the second describes much the other side of her individuality which she cannot deny, namely her femininity, such as her crave for love, marriage, maternity, and beauty. H.G. Wells describes vividly the two elements in Ann Veronica, feminism and femininity. As a feminist, Ann Veronica rebelled against her authoritative Victorian father, who regarded women only as men's property to be protected from the harsh world outside. On the other side, Ann could not deny her being a woman after she fell in love with Capes. Her femininity from the second half of the novel then is explored. Although the novel ends with the depiction of the domestic life of Ann Veronica, it does not mean that the feminism is gone altogether. The key point is that the family life Ann chooses as a `submissive' wife and good mother is her choice. It is very different if it is forced on her to do. Thus, this novel depicts both sides of Ann Veronica, her feminism and her femininity.

A teoria freudiana do fênomeno moral e a filosofia moral de Kant: é o superego um imperativo categórico?

OpenAIRE

Lara, Luciana Maccari

2006-01-01

Este trabalho pretende utilizar a filosofia moral de Kant, em especial o conceito de autonomia, para a melhor compreensão da teoria freudiana do fenômeno moral, ou seja, a teoria do superego. Propõe, com este objetivo, três questões: a) qual a legitimidade de uma instância psíquica moral como conceito de uma teoria que tem como fundamento o determinismo inconsciente? b) qual a pertinência da comparação, por Freud, do superego com o imperativo categórico kantiano? c) qual a utilidade da filoso...

A Collision of Vice and Virtue in Thomas Hardy's Tess of the D'Urbervilles: "A Pure Woman Faithfully Presented" or a Fallen Angel

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Saleh, Nafiseh Salman; Abbasi, Pyeaam

2014-01-01

Heralded as a sympathizer with the oppressed nineteenth century femininity, Thomas Hardy adopted an aggressive stance towards the institutionalized codes of the time, particularly the ideal of femininity which results in presenting him as one of the promethean forerunners of "New Woman" fiction. His outspoken attitudes are tangible in…

The Principle of the Eternal-Feminine in Rossini’s L’Italiana in Algeri: Isabella as the Italian Super-Woman

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Zamir, Sara

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The term Eternal-Feminine, or Das Ewig-Weibliche, first appeared in the last verses of the second part of Goethe’s Faust (completed 1832. It, subsequently, became the subject of speculation and a riddle which scholars have been trying to solve ever since. The term gradually came to represent a cultural principle regarding the image of femininity and it reached its Romantic apex, in the 19th Century, when various female archetypes were fused into a singe heroine. The present article aims to explore Isabella’s character in Rossini’s L’Italiana in Algeri in the light of the principle of the Eternal-Feminine. Although Goethe was still in the process of writing the second part of Faust when L’Italiana premiered (1813 in Italy, the cultural principle of the Eternal- Feminine can be used retrospectively in the analysis of Isabella as the central female protagonist of the opera. A thorough reading of her character suggests an aesthetic approach that makes use of certain Romantic aspects of the Eternal-Feminine principle. The present article focuses specifi cally on the Cruda sorte! Amor tiranno! scene and briefl y refers to other scenes as well.La expresión Eterno Femenino (Eternal-Feminine, o Das Ewig-Weibliche, apareció por primera vez en los últimos versos de la segunda parte del Fausto de Goethe (acabado en 1832. Posteriormente, se convirtió en tema de especulación, y en un enigma que los estudiosos han estado intentando resolver desde entonces. La expresión vino a identificar, con el paso del tiempo, un principio cultural relacionado con la imagen de la feminidad y alcanzó su extremo romántico, en el siglo XIX, cuando diversos arquetipos femeninos se fundieron en una sola heroína. El presente artículo pretende explorar el personaje de Isabella en La italianaen Argel de Rossini, a la luz del principio del Eterno Femenino. Aunque Goethe se encontraba todavía escribiendo la segunda parte de su Fausto cuando se estrenó La italiana

The Femininity Ideology Scale (FIS): dimensions and its relationship to anxiety and feminine gender role stress.

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Richmond, Katherine; Levant, Ronald; Smalley, Bryant; Cook, Stephen

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was to conduct a confirmatory factor analytic investigation of the Femininity Ideology Scale (FIS) and to assess whether feminine gender role stress mediated the relationship between femininity ideology and anxiety. During the 2010-2011 academic year, a convenience sample of 606 college women were recruited from three universities and one college. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a four- versus the hypothesized five-factor model, resulting in the elimination of the Dependency/Deference factor. Mediation analysis using structural equation modeling indicated no direct relationship between Femininity Ideology and Anxiety, although an indirect one was observed, mediated through Feminine Gender Role Stress. The results are discussed in terms of possible changes in contemporary notions of femininity, and the utility of using the FIS in applied therapeutic settings.

[The superego or conscience. On the difference between the 2 concepts and its significance for psychotherapy of children and adolescents].

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Frey, E

1989-12-01

Proceeding from the matter-of-fact equation of conscience to superego in recent psychoanalytical papers the author first describes the phenomenon of conscience which is subdivided in manifestations attributed to the good and the bad conscience. By means of the Freudian conception developing from egoideal via idealego to superego Freud's reception of conscience is examined. In this connection the author demonstrates an obvious onesidedness in Freud's use of the term of conscience which leans towards the accusing, punishing, bad conscience. Among Freud's successors, on the part of the psychology of the proprium, heed is paid to those aspects of conscience neglected by Freud, the implicit total aspect of the phenomenon of conscience, however, was lost. Finally the author discusses the double aspect of conscience, the good and the bad conscience, with respect to its impact on the psychotherapy of children and adolescents.

Psyche/Logos: Mapping the Terrains of Mind and Rhetoric.

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Baumlin, James S.; Baumlin, Tita French

1989-01-01

Discusses rhetoric as mirroring psychology. Examines Aristotle's three "pisteis"--the pathetic, logical, and ethical proofs, paralleling them to Freud's id, ego, and super-ego. Explores an adequate feminine psychology and a corresponding rhetoric. Outlines two models of persuasive discourse, the rational world paradigm and the narrative…

Gender and work: representations of femininities and masculinities in the view of women brazilian executives

OpenAIRE

Carrieri, Alexandre de Pádua; Diniz, Ana Paula Rodrigues; Souza, Eloisio Moulin de; Menezes, Raquel Santos Soares

2013-01-01

The purpose of this article is to identify and analyze social representations of femininity and masculinity, as reported by women business executives in Brazil. For that, the research resorted to semi-structured interviews of sixty-four executives from seven Brazilian cities. As a technique for data analysis, this research utilized the theoretical and conceptual basis of French discourse analysis. When gender issues become related to the specific qualities of being a woman and a business exec...

Masculinity and Femininity in Question

OpenAIRE

Herlambang, Pauline; Djundjung, Jenny M

2015-01-01

The character traits in Shinchan seem to be contrary to the structure of masculine and feminine traits. I am interested in discussing the feminine character traits that are adopted by the male characters and the masculine character traits that are adopted by the female characters in a patriarchal society in Japan. Under the patriarchal system, there are rigid segregation of gender roles and the expected feminine and masculine traits. The main purpose of this paper is that even though some of ...

Masculinity, femininity, and transsexualism.

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Herman-Jeglińska, Anna; Grabowska, Anna; Dulko, Stanisław

2002-12-01

This study examined the relationship between sex role and gender identity in a Polish transsexual population where, unlike in Western countries, male-to-female (MF) transsexualism is much less common than female-to-male (FM) transsexualism. One hundred and three FM (82 primary, 21 secondary) and 29 MF (16 primary, 13 secondary) transsexuals plus 135 control males (CM) and 303 control females (CF) completed a Sex Role Inventory, which measures sex-role identification, that is, the degree to which one self-identifies with masculine and feminine characteristics. Data obtained from primary transsexuals revealed that, on a femininity scale, MF transsexuals scores exceeded not only CM but also CF. On a masculinity scale, MF transsexuals rated themselves significantly lower than CM, but at a level comparable to CF. The comparison of FM transsexuals and controls showed that, on a masculinity scale, transsexuals scored higher than CF but were not different from CM. On the femininity scale, FM transsexuals rated themselves in between the two control groups: lower than CF but slightly higher than CM. The relations of secondary transsexuals' scores to CF and CM scores, on both masculine and feminine scales, were in the same direction as the primary transsexuals' scores. Secondary transsexuals rated themselves very similarly to their primary counterparts (the exception was a much higher score of MF-primary transsexuals than MF-secondary transsexuals on the femininity scale). Our study revealed that transsexualism does not imply a simple inversion of sex-role patterns: transsexuals differ not only from nontranssexual individuals of the same anatomical sex but also from those of the opposite sex. Moreover, MF transsexualism is not a mirror image of FM transsexualism: it constitutes a more extreme condition in the identification with feminine versus masculine personality traits. These differences seem to be universal for different countries and regions. The diagnostic value of our

Gender and Work: Representations of Femininities and Masculinities in the View of Women Brazilian Executives

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Alexandre de Pádua Carrieri

2013-07-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this article is to identify and analyze social representations of femininity and masculinity, asreported by women business executives in Brazil. For that, the research resorted to semi-structured interviews of sixty-four executives from seven Brazilian cities. As a technique for data analysis, this research utilized the theoretical and conceptual basis of French discourse analysis. When gender issues become related to the specific qualities of being a woman and a business executive – or to the interfaces that gender may establish with an individual’s work – contradictions may emerge from the construction of a particular thematic. Also, positive and negative aspects of being a female executive exist, namely: (a representations of an executive; (b feminine competency and incompetency; (c dilemmas regarding sensitivity; (d conflicts involving seduction power; (e omissions, prejudice and violence suffered by women at work; and (f motherhood.

Sacrifice: an ethical dimension of caring that makes suffering meaningful.

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Helin, Kaija; Lindström, Unni A

2003-07-01

This article is intended to raise the question of whether sacrifice can be regarded stituting a deep ethical structure in the relationship between patient and carer. The significance of sacrifice in a patient-carer relationship cannot, however, be fully understood from the standpoint of the consistently utilitarian ethic that characterizes today's ethical discourse. Deontological ethics, with its universal principles, also does not provide a suitable point of departure. Ethical recommendations and codices are important and serve as general sources of knowledge when making decisions, but they should be supplemented by an ethic that takes into consideration contextual and situational factors that make every encounter between patient and carer unique. Caring science research literature presents, on the whole, general agreement on the importance of responsibility and devotian with regard to sense of duty, warmth and genuine engagement in caring. That sacrifice may also constitute an important ethical element in the patient-carer relationship is, however, a contradictory and little considered theme. Caring literature that deals with sacrifice/self-sacrifice indicates contradictory import. It is nevertheless interesting to notice that both the negative and the positive aspects bring out importance of the concept for the professional character of caring. The tradition of ideas in medieval Christian mysticism with reference to Lévinas' ethic of responsibility offers a deeper perspective in which the meaningfulness of sacrifice in the caring relationship can be sought. The theme of sacrifice is not of interest merely as a carer's ethical outlook, but sacrifice can also be understood as a potential process of transformation health. The instinctive or conscious experience of sacrifice on the part of the individual patient can, on a symbolic level, be regarded as analogous to the cultic or religious sacrifice aiming at atonement. Sacrifice appears to the patient as an act of

A will to youth: the woman's anti-aging elixir.

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Smirnova, Michelle Hannah

2012-10-01

The logic and cultural myths that buttress the cosmeceutical industry construct the older woman as a victim of old age, part of an "at-risk" population who must monitor, treat and prevent any markers of old age. A content and discourse analysis of 124 advertisements from the US More magazine between 1998 and 2008, revealed three major themes working together to produce this civic duty: (1) the inclusion of scientific and medical authorities in order to define the cosmeceutical as a 'drug' curing a disease, (2) descriptions of the similarities (and differences) between the abilities of cosmeceuticals and cosmetic surgery to restore one's youth, and (3) the logic equating youth with beauty, femininity and power and older age with the absence of these qualities. Together these intersecting logics produce the "will to youth"-the imperative of the aging woman to promote her youthful appearance by any and all available means. Further, by using images and references to fantasies and traditional fairytales, cosmeceutical advertisements both promise and normalize expectations of eternal youth of the aging woman. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Associations between Femininity and Women's Political Behavior during Midlife

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Cole, Elizabeth R.; Sabik, Natalie J.

2010-01-01

The contention that femininity makes women unsuited for political participation has roots in feminist theory and political science. This study investigated whether the desirable and undesirable dimensions of femininity, corresponding to Feminine Interpersonal Relations (FIR: warmth, nurturance, and interpersonal appeal) and Feminine Self-Doubt…

The Role of Self-Sacrifice in Moral Dilemmas.

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Sonya Sachdeva

Full Text Available Centuries' worth of cultural stories suggest that self-sacrifice may be a cornerstone of our moral concepts, yet this notion is largely absent from recent theories in moral psychology. For instance, in the footbridge version of the well-known trolley car problem the only way to save five people from a runaway trolley is to push a single man on the tracks. It is explicitly specified that the bystander cannot sacrifice himself because his weight is insufficient to stop the trolley. But imagine if this were not the case. Would people rather sacrifice themselves than push another? In Study 1, we find that people approve of self-sacrifice more than directly harming another person to achieve the same outcome. In Studies 2 and 3, we demonstrate that the effect is not broadly about sensitivity to self-cost, instead there is something unique about sacrificing the self. Important theoretical implications about agent-relativity and the role of causality in moral judgments are discussed.

Prototypes of masculine and feminine leadership in military population

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María Laura Lupano Perugini

2008-12-01

Full Text Available The goal of the study was to identify masculine and feminine prototypes of effective leadership in military population. Data included 262 individuals, 69,5% (n = 182 male and 30,5% (n = 80 female (age average = 25,62 years. 66% of the participants directed other persons and 34% were subordinates. Data collection was carried out administering a survey designed ad-hoc. Participants were requested to name two effective leaders (man and woman and to justify their election. They mainly identified male leaders with military people belonging not only to current military population but also those recognized because of their heroic feats. In relation with female leaders, subjects identified religious people, militaries belonging to current military population and politicians. We found differences in assigned characteristics to both prototypes.

[Sacred psychoactive seeds and ritual sacrifices in the Moche culture].

Science.gov (United States)

Carod-Artal, F J; Vázquez-Cabrera, C B

Archaeological findings have confirmed the existence of representations of ritual human sacrifices on pottery belonging to the Moche culture (100-750 AD) in northern Peru; until recently these images were thought to be mythological narrations. We review the archaeological and ethno-historical data concerning Moche sacrifices and we attempt to identify the psychoactive seeds and plants used during such rites. Ethno-historical data from different chronicles of the New World written in the 16th century state that hamala seeds (belonging to the species Nectandra) were used for their analgesic, sedative, narcotic and anticoagulating properties, and that chamico, or stramonium, had an intoxicating effect on those who took it. There were two kinds of Moche rituals, that is, sacrifices as offerings to divinities and as exemplary punishments. Methods of sacrifice included slitting victims' throats, dismembering them and throwing them off mountains. The sacrifices of the Moche were part of a complex and elaborate ritual which consisted in capturing prisoners, parading them with nooses around their necks, making offerings, preparing the officiants and the community, consummation of the sacrifice and presenting the blood to the priest in a chalice. Human sacrifices were part of the propitiatory ceremonies held in honour of the gods in order to favour human fertility, obtain good harvests and preserve a plentiful supply of water for irrigating the valleys. The therapeutic properties of the seeds of the Nectandra species favoured their utilisation in the ritual sacrifices of the Moche culture. Their use was probably associated with stramonium and San Pedro cactus, which contain extracts rich in hallucinogenic alkaloids.

Tackling femininity: the heterosexual paradigm and women's soccer in South Africa.

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Engh, Mari Haugaa

2011-01-01

Sport is a social institution that perpetuates gendered ideologies in the wider society through appealing to discourses of the naturalness of men's privilege and domination in society. Heteronormativity regulates the roles, behaviours, appearances and sexualities of, and relationships between and among, women and men. Moreover, heteronormative discourses normalise a particular relationship between sex, gender and sexuality that posits woman/feminine/heterosexual (and man/masculine/heterosexual) as a natural order from which variance is considered a punishable deviance. This paper outlines the effects of heteronormative discourses in the lives of women footballers in South Africa, through drawing on interviews with a wide range of women footballers. The paper shows how heteronormative discourses nurture homophobic attitudes that serve to regulate the appearances and performances of South African women.

Refracted Gazes: A Woman Photographer during Mandate Lebanon

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Yasmine Nachabe

2012-11-01

This paper explores the relationship between modernity and femininity as manifest through the women’s activity, gaze and attire in Marie al-Khazen as well as other photographs taken in the Middle East region between the 1930s and the 1940s. Al-Khazen and the women represented in the photographs of this period were part of a cosmopolitan sensibility that reveals the Middle East region to be far more international than one might have imagined. Caught between projecting a self-image of the cosmopolitan woman and one of the traditional bedouin, these photographs provide a rich field for tracking the ambiguities of the modern.

Intimacy Behaviors and Relationship Satisfaction for Cohabitors: Intimate Sacrifices Are Not Always Beneficial.

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Young, Valerie J; Curran, Melissa A

2016-08-17

Guided by interdependence theory, the authors examined how relationship satisfaction is explained by intimate behavior sacrifices in a sample of cohabitors (N = 200). Specifically, it was predicted that characteristics of intimate behavior sacrifices, such as ease and partner appreciation should alter the association of sacrifice frequency and relationship satisfaction. The pattern that emerged demonstrates lower satisfaction for cohabitors when they frequently made intimate sacrifices and their partners were less appreciative of the sacrifices. When making frequent, but less appreciated, intimacy sacrifices for their partner, cohabitors may struggle with intimacy behaviors that are partner oriented.

Woman in Either/Or, I & II: A Computer Analysis

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Alastair McKinnon

2013-11-01

Full Text Available The author analyzes Kierkegaard's pronouncing on the woman and the feminine in the text Either/Or, specially in parts I and II. For this, key words such as “woman”, “feminine”, “virginity”, “bride”, “wife”, among many others, were selected and Michael J. Greenacre's SimCA 2.0 comparative analysis program was employed in order to show both the common and different perspectives of the aesthete A and the aesthete B, as well as to offer a series of discursive dimensions that are present in the text, which gives a set of valuable conclusions for the understanding of this Kierkegaardian work and the opinion of the danish philosopher on the woman and what is proper to her. The results of the analysis are shown at the end of the paper with tables which compare A's and B's vocabulary and show their frequency; other figures exhibit with graphs the behaviour of the key words against the most important discursive dimensions.

Translation of feminine: Szymborska

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Olga Donata Guerizoli Kempinska

2014-07-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7968.2014v1n33p35 The paper discusses the problems present in the process of the translation of the feminine, related to the discursive articulations of the gender and to the socio-historical conditions of its construction. The differences between languages make this articulation hard to transpose and such is the case in some of Wisława Szymborska’s poems. An attentive reading of her work and of its translations in different languages reveals that the transposition of its specifically feminine humor is also a challenge for the translator

The real victims of the islamic feast of sacrifice: injuries related to the sacrifice.

Science.gov (United States)

Bildik, Fikret; Yardan, Türker; Demircan, Ahmet; Uçkan, Mustafa Ulkü; Ergin, Mehmet; Hacioğlu, Emel Gülçin

2010-07-01

During the Feast of Sacrifice in Muslim countries, thousands of animals are slaughtered every year. Many injuries occur during the sacrifice. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the demographic characteristics of patients, their slaughtering experience, types of injury, and related hospital costs. This prospective observational study was conducted in Emergency Departments (EDs) of Gazi University and Ankara Training and Research Hospital. One hundred and twenty adult patients were admitted to EDs with injuries related to the slaughter and processing of meat during two consecutive Feasts of Sacrifice. The average age of patients was 41.85 +/- 13.6, and 101 patients (84.2%) were male. One hundred sixteen patients (96.7%) were not professionals. Ninety-seven patients (80.8%) were admitted to EDs on the first day of the feasts. Ninety-nine injuries (82.5%) were related to cutting tools, and 21 patients (17.5%) were admitted with complaints of either falling or being harmed by animals. Fourteen patients (11.7%) with tendon lacerations, finger amputations, extremity fractures, and eye traumas were taken into surgery. Hospital costs were a median 104.76 [67.48-322.12] Turkish Liras (74.30 [47.86-228.45] USD). Proper conditions for slaughter should be provided and professionals should perform the slaughter and/or processing of the meat. EDs should be supplied both more equipment and physicians, especially on the first days of the feast.

Disturbing Femininity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hvenegård-Lassen, Kirsten

2013-01-01

it comes to femininity – in need of management. Based on an analysis of the newspaper coverage of the elec-tion, I argue that highlighting gender (in)equality as either an important political issue or as something that conditions the possibilities of taking up a position as politician was evaluated...

Positioning masculinities and femininities in preschool EFL education

OpenAIRE

Castañeda - Peña, Harold; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana

2008-01-01

Positioning Masculinities and Femininities in Preschool EFL Education seeks to describe and interpret how masculinities and femininities are communicated in the preschool EFL classroom and is aimed at discussing whether those masculinities and femininities are likely to have an impact on the preschoolers’ learning of English as a foreign language. Preschoolers’ classroom interactions taking place in a Colombian kindergarten, videotaped from 2004 to 2006, are analysed via ideas of ‘positioning...

Gender and masculinity-femininity ratings of tracheoesophageal speech.

Science.gov (United States)

Searl, Jeffrey P; Small, Larry H

2002-01-01

Tracheoesophageal (TE) speech is frequently characterized as low pitched and hoarse. In laryngeal speakers, these features are most often associated with males. Because lower pitch and hoarseness are anticipated for male and female TE speakers, one might predict that females are at risk for being perceived as male. The purposes of this pilot study were to assess the reliability and accuracy of listeners' perceptions of TE speaker gender and to evaluate the relationship between gender ratings and masculinity-femininity ratings. Twenty-five naïve listeners rated the gender and the masculinity-femininity of 12 TE speakers from audio recordings of a reading passage. Listeners were able to reliably rate gender and masculinity-femininity. They accurately identified speaker gender at a high rate that was comparable for males and females. However, female speakers, despite being accurately identified as female, were at an elevated risk of being rated as masculine or neutral on the masculinity-femininity scale. As a result of this activity, the participant will be able to: (1) describe the reliability and accuracy of listener perceptions of the gender and the degree of masculinity-femininity of TE speakers; and (2) discuss the relationship between TE speaker gender identification and masculinity-femininity ratings for males and females, respectively.

Developing a Connective Feminine Discourse

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rahbek, Ulla

2015-01-01

This paper discusses the work of the Australian writer and historian Drusilla Modjeska through a focus on the intersections between women‟s lives, love and art, which constitute the central triptych of Modjeska‟s writing. It argues that Modjeska's oeuvre unfolds a connective feminine discourse...... through a development of what the paper calls hinging tropes, discursive connectors that join life, love and art, such as weaving, folding and talking. That connective feminine discourse is indeed central to Modjeska‟s personal and sometimes idiosyncratic feminism...

"Lesbians are not women": feminine and lesbian sensibilities in Harmony Hammond's late-1970s sculpture.

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Thompson, Margo Hobbs

2008-01-01

Harmony Hammond's wrapped fabric sculptures are placed in context of the theories of gender and sexuality that circulated among lesbian and straight feminists at the time they were made, the late 1970s. Hammond has cited in particular Monique Wittig's novels, such as The Lesbian Body, and her essays including "The Straight Mind" where Wittig concludes that the lesbian is not a woman. The critique to which Wittig's lesbian separatism has been subjected by Judith Butler in her consideration of the appeal and limitations of essentialism also applies to Hammond's art. Hammond's use of vaginal imagery was instrumental to visualizing a lesbian sensibility, but the proposition of such a sensibility established a new problematic: a new essential category. The article concludes that because Hammond's work was produced in the context of a complex set of discourses, lesbian, feminist, and aesthetic, it resisted reduction to a singular meaning. Her sculptures avoided the pitfall of substituting one essence for another, lesbian for feminine sensibility, but activated both. The sculptures effectively queered vaginal imagery: When Hammond used vaginal imagery to represent lesbian sensibility, she subverted the equation of sex and gender and the essentialist notion of feminine sensibility.

Positioning masculinities and femininities in preschool EFLl1 education

OpenAIRE

CASTAÑEDA-PEÑA, HAROLD

2008-01-01

Positioning Masculinities and Femininities in Preschool EFL Education seeks to describe and interpret how masculinities and femininities are communicated in the preschool EFL classroom and is aimed at discussing whether those masculinities and femininities are likely to have an impact on the preschoolers' learning of English as a foreign language. Preschoolers' classroom interactions taking place in a Colombian kindergarten, videotaped from 2004 to 2006, are analysed via ideas of 'positioning...

« Un épagneul, une femme et un noyer, plus nous les battons, meilleurs ils sont » : Frances Power Cobbe, la féminité et l’altérité “A spaniel, a woman and a walnut tree, the more they are beaten, the better they be”: Frances Power Cobbe, Femininity and Otherness

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Emilie Dardenne

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Frances Power Cobbe was a remarkable Victorian and a very assertive woman, who was praised for both her astute feminist mind and her tenacious fight against animal experiments. She utterly disapproved of women being ranked as creatures whose whole existence depended on their relationship with another individual. She deplored their “wretched proverbial similarity to spaniels and walnut-trees”. In her writings, she tackled the theme of violence, especially that committed within the home by malicious husbands and she took strong exception to “the notion that a man’s wife is his PROPERTY”, because of the stigma attached to such a belief and because it made women—as well as animals—morally inferior to men.The following article provides an insight into Frances Power Cobbe’s perspective on domestic violence and her in-depth exploration of the concepts of femininity and otherness. It begins by explaining how the authoress of “Wife Torture in England” became the spokeswoman of beaten wives and it goes on to study her vision of femininity as conveyed through her discussion of violence, cruelty, appropriation, otherness and the fate of animals. The article concludes by trying to shed light on the image of femininity that Cobbe wishes to extol.

Men's strategic preferences for femininity in female faces.

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Little, Anthony C; Jones, Benedict C; Feinberg, David R; Perrett, David I

2014-08-01

Several evolutionarily relevant sources of individual differences in face preference have been documented for women. Here, we examine three such sources of individual variation in men's preference for female facial femininity: term of relationship, partnership status and self-perceived attractiveness. We show that men prefer more feminine female faces when rating for a short-term relationship and when they have a partner (Study 1). These variables were found to interact in a follow-up study (Study 2). Men who thought themselves attractive also preferred more feminized female faces for short-term relationships than men who thought themselves less attractive (Study 1 and Study 2). In women, similar findings for masculine preferences in male faces have been interpreted as adaptive. In men, such preferences potentially reflect that attractive males are able to compete for high-quality female partners in short-term contexts. When a man has secured a mate, the potential cost of being discovered may increase his choosiness regarding short-term partners relative to unpartnered men, who can better increase their short-term mating success by relaxing their standards. Such potentially strategic preferences imply that men also face trade-offs when choosing relatively masculine or feminine faced partners. In line with a trade-off, women with feminine faces were seen as more likely to be unfaithful and more likely to pursue short-term relationships (Study 3), suggesting that risk of cuckoldry is one factor that may limit men's preferences for femininity in women and could additionally lead to preferences for femininity in short-term mates. © 2013 The British Psychological Society.

Role of femininity and masculinity in distressed couples' communication.

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Sayers, S L; Baucom, D H

1991-10-01

The relationship between sex role identity and marital communication of maritally distressed couples was examined. Interactional behavior of 60 maritally distressed couples was coded with the Marital Interaction Coding System and examined in relation to the level of femininity and masculinity of the spouses. Base-rate analyses indicated that femininity was positively related to greater rates of negative behavior among husbands and wives. As predicted, sequential analyses supported that wives' femininity was associated with greater negative reciprocity of the wives. Men's femininity was associated with husbands' tendency to terminate fewer negative sequences of behavior in comparison with their wives. High masculinity of the wives was associated with shorter sequences of negative behavior. Implications of the findings and future directions for research are discussed.

Masculinity/femininity of the generations: as self-reported and as stereotypically appraised.

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Cameron, P

1976-01-01

Three hundred seventeen adults divided among the younger adult, middle aged, and old generations were asked (a) to judge which of the three generations was most and least masculine/feminine in overall personality style, masculine/feminine in interests and possession of gender skills, and pressured by society to do masculine/feminine sorts of things; and (b) to rate self along each of these dimensions on a Likert scale. Self-reports and beliefs about the generations did not vary as a function of membership in a generation. Young adults and middle aged were belived to be the most feminine and middle aged the most masculine in overall personality style. The middle aged were judged as possessed of the most feminine and masculine interests and the most skilled in feminine endeavors. Middle aged and young adults were judged equally possessed of masculine skills. Social pressure to do masculine and feminine activities was seen as falling equally heavily on younger adults and middle aged. The old were judged as next-most possessed of feminine skills while judged least along the other dimensions.

Were women, too, allowed to offer sacrifice in Israel? Observations on the meaning and festive form of sacrifice in Deuteronomy1

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Georg Braulik

1999-12-01

Full Text Available Although the question whether women in Israel were also allowed to present offerings stands in accordance with modern ways of thought and speech, it is not self-evident at all. This is immediately proved in the example of the sacrificial hermeneutics of the early church and of a precise semantics of biblical statements on sacrifice. The view on sacrifices and their presenters thus gained, is then illustrated by means of the pilgrimage feast which was conducted by the family of Elkanah at the sanctuary in Shiloh (1 Sm 1. The function which was given to women in the ancient Israelite sacrificial cult was also taken up by the centralisation of the cult by king Josiah and by Deuteronomy. It is now to be found in the pilgrimage schema of the Deuteronomic festal theory. Moreover, the meal proves itself to be the structure of meaning of the sacrifice. The right of women, too, can only be determined within the framework of this liturgical communal meal.

Giving up Something Good for Something Better: Sacred Sacrifices Made by Religious Youth

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Dollahite, David C.; Layton, Emily; Bahr, Howard M.; Walker, Anthony B.; Thatcher, Jennifer Y.

2009-01-01

The concept of sacrifice was formerly a key variable in theorizing about religion and society. Secularization theory and conceptual models equating sacrifice with cost have reduced its usage and apparent relevance, although it continues to be of interest in anthropology and religious studies. Research on sacrifice has been neglected in the social…

Did the perils of abdominal obesity affect depiction of feminine beauty in the sixteenth to eighteenth century British literature? Exploring the health and beauty link

OpenAIRE

Singh, Devendra; Renn, Peter; Singh, Adrian

2007-01-01

‘Good gene’ mate selection theory proposes that all individuals share evolved mental mechanisms that identify specific parts of a woman's body as indicators of fertility and health. Depiction of feminine beauty, across time and culture, should therefore emphasize the physical traits indicative of health and fertility. Abdominal obesity, as measured by waist size, is reliably linked to decreased oestrogen, reduced fecundity and increased risk for major diseases. Systematic searches of British ...

A Collision of Vice and Virtue in Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the D’Urbervilles: “A Pure Woman Faithfully Presented” or a Fallen Angel

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Nafiseh Salman Saleh

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Heralded as a sympathizer with the oppressed nineteenth century femininity, Thomas Hardy adopted an aggressive stance towards the institutionized codes of the time particularly the ideal of femininity which results in presenting him as one of the promethean forerunners of “New Woman” fiction. His outspoken attitudes are tangible in his fictional prose where he valiantly tries to challenge the Victorian ideals of femininity. By creating non-conformist heroines, Hardy took the first step to move away from the constitutionalized codes of the time particularly on behalf of femininity. In effect, Hardy valiantly tries to challenge the Victorian ideological discourse of femininity through spotlighting on his fictional women’s flaws which comes into conflict with the time’s conception of a pure woman. Tess of the D’Urbervilles (1891, as a typical example of his fiction, is representative of Hardy’s vision towards the Victorian ideal of femininity through the “Fallen” Tess. This paper is an attempt to re-read Hardy’s Tess of the D’Urbervilles to explore the Victorian ideal conception of femininity first and, then, an attempt has been made to delineate the discrepancy between Hardy’s perceptions of a “Fallen Woman” in contrast with the Victorian’s. This paper, finally, concludes that although Hardy’s genuine commiseration towards the “Fallen Woman” shows close affinity with the radical feminist notions of the day, Tess’s sheer misery and her final tragic death in Stonehenge attest to Hardy’s substantial contribution as a Victorian male novelist to the ideologies circulating at the time.

[Gender and job satisfaction in stereotypical masculine and feminine occupations].

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Lipińska-Grobelny, Agnieszka; Goździk, Iwona

2012-01-01

The purpose of this research was to analyze the relationship between gender and job satisfaction among employees involved in a stereotypical masculine (tram driver) and a stereotypical feminine occupation (nurse). It was expected that people with feminine gender schema would be more satisfied with their traditionally feminine occupations compared with those with masculine gender schema and vice versa. A group of 103 individuals, including 47 females (15 tram drivers and 32 nurses) and 56 males (41 tram drivers and 15 nurses) completed the following battery of instruments: The Bem Sex Role Inventory by Kuczyńska, Job Affect Scale by Brief, et al. Job Descriptions Questionnaire by Neuberger and Allerbeck. The results of the study showed that gender proved to be a variable that differentiates the level of job satisfaction (both overall satisfaction and satisfaction with different components) only as regards stereotypical feminine occupations. Moreover, individuals with feminine gender schema working in a stereotypical feminine occupation are more satisfied with co-workers and work conditions, and those with masculine gender schema involved in a stereotypical masculine occupation are more satisfied with a supervisor. The gender analysis can be an important tool for the recruitment and selection procedures and plays an essential role in assessing the person-environment fit.

Male/Female Preferences for Masculine-Feminine Trait Clusters Derived from a Multidimensional Scaling of Hypothesized Masculine-Feminine and Creative-Noncreative Trait Terms.

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Hyman, Ruth Bernstein

There still remains in our social institutions and individual lives a considerable splitting between feminine and masculine gender distinctions. The present study determined the dimensionality of the space of 53 admirable personality traits hypothesized to relate to femininity-masculinity and creativity, and assessed preferences of females versus…

Suppression sours sacrifice: emotional and relational costs of suppressing emotions in romantic relationships.

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Impett, Emily A; Kogan, Aleksandr; English, Tammy; John, Oliver; Oveis, Christopher; Gordon, Amie M; Keltner, Dacher

2012-06-01

What happens when people suppress their emotions when they sacrifice for a romantic partner? This multimethod study investigates how suppressing emotions during sacrifice shapes affective and relationship outcomes. In Part 1, dating couples came into the laboratory to discuss important romantic relationship sacrifices. Suppressing emotions was associated with emotional costs for the partner discussing his or her sacrifice. In Part 2, couples participated in a 14-day daily experience study. Within-person increases in emotional suppression during daily sacrifice were associated with decreases in emotional well-being and relationship quality as reported by both members of romantic dyads. In Part 3, suppression predicted decreases in relationship satisfaction and increases in thoughts about breaking up with a romantic partner 3 months later. In the first two parts of the study, authenticity mediated the costly effects of suppression. Implications for research on close relationships and emotion regulation are discussed.

Feminine Magic

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Kelly, Lynne

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Having been introduced to magic by my father, I have adapted the classic methods to work in my role as a mature female teacher. Using performance and mysterious narrative, intriguing props and playing on my femininity, the classic magician routines have served me well when performing for teenagers. Reworking the classic routines in this way ensures that a school magic club for teenagers serves the various needs of both male and female students.

Facial Visualizations of Women's Voices Suggest a Cross-Modality Preference for Femininity

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Susanne Röder

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Women with higher-pitched voices and more feminine facial features are commonly judged as being more attractive than are women with lower-pitched voices and less feminine faces, possibly because both features are affected by (age-related variations in endocrine status. These results are primarily derived from investigations of perceptions of variations in single-modality stimuli (i.e., faces or voices in samples of young adult women. In the present study we sought to test whether male and female perceptions of women's voices affect visual representations of facial femininity. Eighty men and women judged voice recordings of 10 young girls (11–15 years, 10 adult women (19–28 years and 10 peri-/post-menopausal women (50–64 years on age, attractiveness, and femininity. Another 80 men and women were asked to indicate the face they think each voice corresponded to using a video that gradually changed from a masculine looking male face into a feminine looking female face. Both male and female participants perceived voices of young girls and adult women to be significantly younger, more attractive and feminine than those of peri-/post-menopausal women. Hearing young girls' and adult women's voices resulted in both men and women selecting faces that differed markedly in apparent femininity from those associated with peri-/post-menopausal women's voices. Voices of young girls had the strongest effect on visualizations of facial femininity. Our results suggest a cross-modal preference for women's vocal and facial femininity, which depends on female age and is independent of the perceiver's sex.

How sacrifice impacts the giver and the recipient: insights from approach-avoidance motivational theory.

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Impett, Emily A; Gere, Judith; Kogan, Aleksandr; Gordon, Amie M; Keltner, Dacher

2014-10-01

This study investigated how sacrificing for approach versus avoidance goals shapes the giver's and the recipient's emotions and relationship quality. A sample of 80 dating couples participated in a three-part study in which they discussed sacrifice in the laboratory (Part 1), reported on their daily sacrifices for 14 days (Part 2), and completed a follow-up survey 3 months later (Part 3). When partners discussed a sacrifice they had made for approach goals, they experienced greater relationship quality, whereas when they discussed a sacrifice they had made for avoidance goals, they experienced poorer relationship quality. These effects were replicated with outside observer reports. On days when partners sacrificed for approach goals, both partners experienced increased relationship quality, but on days when people sacrificed for avoidance goals, the giver experienced decreased relationship quality. These effects were mediated by positive and negative emotions, respectively. Approach sacrifice goals predicted increases in relationship quality and avoidance sacrifice goals predicted decreases in relationship quality, as reported by both partners 3 months later. Sacrifice per se does not help or harm relationships, but the goals that people pursue when they give up their own interests can critically shape the quality of intimate bonds. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Mary and femininity: A psychological critique.

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Harrington, P A

1984-09-01

This essay uses Freud to interpret the symbolism and theology of Mary in modern Catholicism. In her role as the mother of believers, Mary functions to place the Christian in the position of a child who receives illusory gratification from the mother. In her role as model for Christians to emulate, Mary functions to place the Christian in the position of receptivity and dependence which Freud associated with femininity. Reinterpreting Freud from a feminist perspective, I suggest that the kind of femininity Mary represents serves to perpetuate patriachal social structures and to inhibit full psychological maturity.

THE DREAM OF OEDIPUS AWAKENING: INCEST AND FEMININITY IN BEGOVIĆ’S MYRRHA

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Vanja Budišćak

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The paper attempts to give a psychoanalytic and feminist reading of one of the most intriguing, but less known Milan Begović’s plays – Myrrha. The motif of dream, incest and the position of woman in Begović’s first dramatic text are observed through the lens of the famous Freud’s writings on femininity and dreams, but also thoughts, current at the time, about the distinctions between men and women and sex-gender conditions (identity presented in a study by the Viennese philosopher Otto Weininger. The reading of Myrrha will start from the context of Begović’s extensive dramatic work, and special emphasis will be given to the central female figure which anticipates later Begović’s creative obsession with women and their status in the (contemporary patriarchal surrounding.

When giving feels good. The intrinsic benefits of sacrifice in romantic relationships for the communally motivated.

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Kogan, Aleksandr; Impett, Emily A; Oveis, Christopher; Hui, Bryant; Gordon, Amie M; Keltner, Dacher

2010-12-01

Who benefits most from making sacrifices for others? The current study provides one answer to this question by demonstrating the intrinsic benefits of sacrifice for people who are highly motivated to respond to a specific romantic partner's needs noncontingently, a phenomenon termed communal strength. In a 14-day daily-experience study of 69 romantic couples, communal strength was positively associated with positive emotions during the sacrifice itself, with feeling appreciated by the partner for the sacrifice, and with feelings of relationship satisfaction on the day of the sacrifice. Furthermore, feelings of authenticity for the sacrifice mediated these associations. Several alternative hypotheses were ruled out: The effects were not due to individuals higher in communal strength making qualitatively different kinds of sacrifices, being more positive in general, or being involved in happier relationships. Implications for research and theory on communal relationships and positive emotions are discussed.

Transformational leadership and task cohesion in sport: the mediating role of inside sacrifice.

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Cronin, Lorcan Donal; Arthur, Calum Alexander; Hardy, James; Callow, Nichola

2015-02-01

In this cross-sectional study, we examined a mediational model whereby transformational leadership is related to task cohesion via sacrifice. Participants were 381 American (Mage = 19.87 years, SD = 1.41) Division I university athletes (188 males, 193 females) who competed in a variety of sports. Participants completed measures of coach transformational leadership, personal and teammate inside sacrifice, and task cohesion. After conducting multilevel mediation analysis, we found that both personal and teammate inside sacrifice significantly mediated the relationships between transformational leadership behaviors and task cohesion. However, there were differential patterns of these relationships for male and female athletes. Interpretation of the results highlights that coaches should endeavor to display transformational leadership behaviors as they are related to personal and teammate inside sacrifices and task cohesion.

Kant e Freud sobre o "superego": apetite de vingança, princípios do Direito e sentimento do sublime

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Nuria Sánchez Madrid

2013-01-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1677-2954.2012v11n3p203 O trabalho propõe-se levantar uma série de semelhanças e disparidades entre a colocação de Kant e de Freud da capacidade da razão para se tornar o principal motor da ação humana. Primeiramente, atentaremos para o funcionamento das paixões como modulações do desejo que impedem qualquer avaliação equânime dos meios e do propósito do sujeito, chegando a suplantar inteiramente a função da razão. Em segundo lugar, nos concentraremos no caso da vingança como espaço de observação do modo de operar da paixão frente ao legítimo apetite de justiça. Finalmente, confrontaremos as estratégias de explicação de Kant e Freud sobre o processo mediante o qual a razão estabelece um governo duradouro sobre os sentidos, com o intuito de submeter à revisão a estendida tese segundo a qual o superego freudiano coincidiria inteiramente com o modelo kantiano da razão prática. A parte final do artigo sustenta que a racionalidade prática em Kant contém meios suficientes para denunciar no superego o exercício de um dogmatismo moral, que não se condiz com os alvos da Ilustração.

The prototypicality of gender - Contemporary notions of masculine and feminine

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Visser, [No Value

1996-01-01

Femininity and masculinity, as abstract, nonbiological concepts, are very difficult to define. Culturally and socially induced, they are subject to drastic change over time. This article presents prototypical notions of feminine and masculine, as they appeared from a categorisation test performed by

Contemplating the ultimate sacrifice: identity fusion channels pro-group affect, cognition, and moral decision making.

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Swann, William B; Gómez, Angel; Buhrmester, Michael D; López-Rodríguez, Lucía; Jiménez, Juan; Vázquez, Alexandra

2014-05-01

Although most people acknowledge the moral virtue in sacrificing oneself to save others, few actually endorse self-sacrifice. Seven experiments explored the cognitive and emotional mechanisms that underlie such endorsements. Participants responded to 1 of 2 moral dilemmas in which they could save 5 members of their country only by sacrificing themselves. Over 90% of participants acknowledged that the moral course of action was to sacrifice oneself to save others (Experiment 1), yet only those who were strongly fused with the group preferentially endorsed self-sacrifice (Experiments 2-7). The presence of a concern with saving group members rather than the absence of a concern with self-preservation motivated strongly fused participants to endorse sacrificing themselves for the group (Experiment 3). Analyses of think aloud protocols suggested that saving others was motivated by emotional engagement with the group among strongly fused participants but by utilitarian concerns among weakly fused participants (Experiment 4). Hurrying participants' responses increased self-sacrifice among strongly fused participants but decreased self-sacrifice among weakly fused participants (Experiment 5). Priming the personal self increased endorsement of self-sacrifice among strongly fused participants but further reduced endorsement of self-sacrifice among weakly fused participants (Experiment 6). Strongly fused participants ignored utilitarian considerations, but weakly fused persons endorsed self-sacrifice more when it would save more people (Experiment 7). Apparently, the emotional engagement with the group experienced by strongly fused persons overrides the desire for self-preservation and compels them to translate their moral beliefs into self-sacrificial behavior.

Associations between the Transsexual Voice Questionnaire (TVQMtF ) and self-report of voice femininity and acoustic voice measures.

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Dacakis, Georgia; Oates, Jennifer; Douglas, Jacinta

2017-11-01

The Transsexual Voice Questionnaire (TVQ MtF ) was designed to capture the voice-related perceptions of individuals whose gender identity as female is the opposite of their birth-assigned gender (MtF women). Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the TVQ MtF is ongoing. To investigate associations between TVQ MtF scores and (1) self-perceptions of voice femininity and (2) acoustic parameters of voice pitch and voice quality in order to evaluate further the validity of the TVQ MtF . A strong correlation between TVQ MtF scores and self-ratings of voice femininity was predicted, but no association between TVQ MtF scores and acoustic measures of voice pitch and quality was proposed. Participants were 148 MtF women (mean age 48.14 years) recruited from the La Trobe Communication Clinic and the clinics of three doctors specializing in transgender health. All participants completed the TVQ MtF and 34 of these participants also provided a voice sample for acoustic analysis. Pearson product-moment correlation analysis was conducted to examine the associations between TVQ MtF scores and (1) self-perceptions of voice femininity and (2) acoustic measures of F0, jitter (%), shimmer (dB) and harmonic-to-noise ratio (HNR). Strong negative correlations between the participants' perceptions of their voice femininity and the TVQ MtF scores demonstrated that for this group of MtF women a low self-rating of voice femininity was associated with more frequent negative voice-related experiences. This association was strongest with the vocal-functioning component of the TVQ MtF . These strong correlations and high levels of shared variance between the TVQ MtF and a measure of a related construct provides evidence for the convergent validity of the TVQ MtF . The absence of significant correlations between the TVQ MtF and the acoustic data is consistent with the equivocal findings of earlier research. This finding indicates that these two measures assess different aspects of the voice

Forestry: feminine plural?

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Veltri A

2011-11-01

Full Text Available In this paper the Authors discuss the results of the surveys submitted to Italian women which are engaged in various activities in the forestry sector. A quantitative analysis comes out from qualitative considerations set out by the interviews. In Italy is well known that women are rarely able to advance in employment and there are few women in managerial positions. The Authors conclude that the forestry sciences are not yet feminine plural.

Repair of the threatened feminine identity: experience of women with cervical cancer undergoing fertility preservation surgery.

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Komatsu, Hiroko; Yagasaki, Kaori; Shoda, Rie; Chung, Younghui; Iwata, Takashi; Sugiyama, Juri; Fujii, Takuma

2014-01-01

Fertility preservation is important for women of reproductive age with cervical cancer. The underlying reasons behind suboptimal reproductive results after successful fertility-preserving surgery have not yet been fully revealed. The objective of this study was to explore the experience of fertility preservation with radical trachelectomy from the perspective of women with cervical cancer. We conducted interviews with women with cervical cancer who underwent radical trachelectomy using a Grounded Theory methodology with a theoretical framework of symbolic interactionism. Our findings articulate a process in which feminine identity is first threatened by a diagnosis of cancer, then repaired by fertility preservation with radical trachelectomy, and finally reconstructed after the surgery, through interactions with self, others, and external events in women with cervical cancer. Feeling incomplete as a woman because of the loss of the uterus was a critical factor in the women's feeling that their feminine identity was threatened. Thus, fertility preservation was significant for these women. The meaning of fertility preservation varied among the women, and their life perspectives were therefore distinct after the surgery. Women with cervical cancer who undergo radical trachelectomy experience an identity transformation process, and child bearing is not the only expected outcome of fertility preservation. Nurses should coordinate care through the cancer trajectory. Understanding the identity transformation process helps nurses to assess patients' needs and provide appropriate individual care.

The phenomenon of femininity in the poetical imagination of Bolesław Leśmian against the background of European anthropological reflection

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Marzena Karwowska

2009-01-01

Full Text Available In the early decades of the twentieth century the misogynist philosophical conceptions proposed by Schopenhauer, Nietzsche and Weininger exerted a particular influence upon the image of woman. In the literary output of Leśmian this phenomenon takes on the form decidedly divergent from the patterns prevalent at the time manifesting in the typical features of archetypal and mythical figures. In the construction of his literary lovers, Leśmian makes references to ritual symbolism. His almost hieratic female figures, notionally available to woman, guide the way in a possible passage between the beyond (spiritual world and the world of mortals. The poet accentuates the analogies between the sacredness of woman and the sacrum of Tellus Mater and adopts the at- titude of a neophyte who endows women with the power of initiation into the mystery of regeneration. The notional female figures created by Leśmian, with the typical for the poet positive and exhilarating valorization of woman’s body, have the power of euphemising thanatical fears and anxiety. Leśmian treats the corporeal nature of woman as hierophany: a female, revealing the sacral character of the universe, forms and contributes to its spiritual order. Schopenhauer, Nietzsche and Weininger demythologize the phenomenon of femininity, Leśmian remythologizes it back again.

Ideological discourse of gender inequality in feminine sociology

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O. I. Parkhomenko

2017-07-01

Full Text Available The article is devoted to the issue of theoretical and methodological principles and key provisions of the discourse of gender inequality in feminine sociology. It has been stated by the author that the analysis of the ideological aspects of gender discourse, which appeared at the XXI century, is oriented to the search of contemporary gender ideology of egalitarianism and tolerance that would take root in the mentality of different societies. Analysis of ideas of different ideologies and cultures suggests that any ideology can only perform a positive function when it is based on the values of the culture. Otherwise it does not receive social support. The study of the ideological aspects of gender discourse in feminist sociology has shown that in the process of gender socialization man and woman should pass pre-ideological (before adulthood and post-ideological stages. In such situation, gender orientation values are formed in several ways (legal, economic, religious, gender norms influence the assimilation and evaluation, and only subsequently change the gender behavior and gender acquiring competence. It has been stipulated in the article that the modern world is characterized by multivariate cultures and patterns of gender socialization. In feminist sociology it has been decided to allocate three basic types of gender ideologies and their corresponding patterns of gender socialization: a patriarchal gender ideology and socialization, which are characterized by a lack of awareness, significant changes, a sense of continuity of life, self-mastery behaviors that meet all standards of culture; b modernist gender ideology and socialization, characterized by such prevailing model of behavior as the adoption of new norms of behavior, activity and independence in women’s behavior, adults can learn from children, children try to develop their own style of behavior that is different from the behavior of their parents, conflict of generations, lots of

Perceived Sacrifice and Few Alternatives Commitments: The Motivational Underpinnings of Continuance Commitment's Subdimensions

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Vandenberghe, Christian; Panaccio, Alexandra

2012-01-01

Using work on self-concepts and Conservation of Resources theory, the present research examined the motivational underpinnings of continuance commitment's subcomponents of perceived sacrifice and few alternatives. Study 1 (N=208) found job scope to be positively related to perceived sacrifice commitment, and negatively related to few alternatives…

It's the Motive That Counts: Perceived Sacrifice Motives and Gratitude in Romantic Relationships.

Science.gov (United States)

Visserman, Mariko L; Righetti, Francesca; Impett, Emily A; Keltner, Dacher; Van Lange, Paul A M

2017-06-12

Gratitude is robustly linked to many positive outcomes for individuals and relationships (e.g., greater life and relationship satisfaction). However, little is known about how romantic partners come to feel grateful for each other's pro-relational acts, such as when a partner makes a sacrifice. The present research examines how perceptions of partner sacrifice motives evoke gratitude. We distinguish between partner, relationship, and self-focused motives, and how they are guided by approach or avoidance orientations. We expected that perceiving a partner to sacrifice for partner-focused approach motives (i.e., to promote the partner's well-being) should evoke gratitude, as this type of motive may signal a genuine departure from self-interest. Moreover, we expected these motives to provoke greater perceptions of partner responsiveness, which should partially explain why they elicit gratitude. In contrast, perceiving a partner to sacrifice for relationship-focused motives (e.g., to promote the well-being of the relationship), or self-focused motives (e.g., to feel good about oneself), should not evoke gratitude-irrespective of an approach or avoidance orientation-as these motives may, to some extent, be perceived as tainted by self-interest. Two studies of romantic couples (N = 413), using diary methods (Studies 1 and 2) and having couples converse about a major sacrifice in the laboratory (Study 2), consistently showed that perceived partner-focused approach motives promote gratitude and that this association is partly mediated by perceived partner responsiveness. In contrast, relationship and self-focused motives (approach and avoidance oriented) were not associated with gratitude. Implications regarding perceiving and displaying sacrifice motives are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Femineidad: segregación y lazos Femininity: segregation and relationships

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Patricia Andrea Karpel

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Precisamente, en el punto en que lo femenino no hace clase, la identificación histérica deja un resto; lo inimitable de la Otra, que se vuelve causa para cada una. S. Freud señalaba que las chicas del internado hacían síntoma, todas, por la carta del amado que una recibía; en una identificación histérica que situaba la pregunta por los misterios femeninos que causan el deseo de un hombre. Nos preguntamos cómo "pasa", o no, lo femenino en estos tiempos de declive de la función paterna, qué particularidades introduce en los lazos, esta época de prevalencia de consumos autistas de objetos tóxicos y de imágenes, centrando esta pregunta en particular respecto de las jóvenes. Intentaremos situar, para ello, una lectura posible de un fenómeno de segregación actual que en ámbitos educativos de otros países y del nuestro llaman "bullying", y que suele tomar la modalidad de pandillas de chicas que se unen para desgarrar brutalmente el rostro de otra, en un pasaje al acto donde se rechaza la diferencia con un corte en lo real, eludiendo el pasaje por las identificaciones a que la función fálica daría acceso, y permaneciendo en un plano de transitivismo imaginario, en la más descarnada segregación.Precisely, in the point in which the feminine thing doesn't form a class, the hysterical identification leaves an inimitable way of "The Other woman", which turns reason and crux for each one. Freud was indicating that all the girls of the boarding school were doing symptom, for the love letter that one had received, in a hysterical identification that allowed them to place the question for the feminine mysteries that cause the desire of a man. We wonder for how the feminine thing "happens" or not in these times of decline of the paternal function; how this times of autistic consumerism of toxic substances and images establish crazy ties. We will focus on the young women question. For it, we´ll try to place a reading of a phenomenon

[Ethics of care and new profiles of the woman].

Science.gov (United States)

Binetti, P

2006-01-01

In health professions listening represents an essential condition for any cure relation. Learning to listen is thus neither easy nor granted. It requires the ability to put oneself in somebody else's place, maintaining self-possession of judgement and the ability of evaluating events. In health professions women have always occupied a privileged position for their sensitiveness and their ability of giving meaning even to everyday life. Empathy is the privileged way women have of getting to know, understand and take care of people. They follow a feminine style which accepts and welcomes other people even if they are not able to explain their intimate contradictions, their anxieties, their difficulties, their pain and weakness. Women know how to be near people, even if they understand they are not up to the situation, not expecting to solve pain: neither personal nor other people's. They act in a different way from men who instead are attached to a reductionism that assumes a theoretical scheme to understand the issue. Man's need to dominate the problem with knowledge makes him sacrifice the complexity of reality in which he lives. Men's simplicity, their tendency to generalize processes and easily find guidelines to proceed with no useless wastes, often sacrifices elements which find no place into the chosen standards. For women this way of behaving, apparently reassuring, is not possible because they are aware that such aspects while escaping their understanding express the personality of the people involved in this process, their uniqueness which does not accept generalisations. Behind interpretative schemes, behind apparently definitive diagnosis, women perceive vagueness and interpretative inadequacy. Female rationality is inclined to live with one's own and other's contradictions just because it is strongly attached to a reality which avoids simplification of understanding. It refuses interpretative schemes, theories which try to offer themselves as exhaustive

Future Girls, Transcendent Femininities and New Pedagogies: Toward Girls' Hybrid Bodies?

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Azzarito, Laura

2010-01-01

Media provides a material site for girls' identity formation and presents conflicting images of femininity, which challenge young women's self-expression and physicality development. The "problem" with girls' physicality has not been resolved, but rather complicated by discourses of new femininities in sport, fitness and health promoted…

Complicating Hetero-Femininities: Young Women, Sexualities and "Girl Power" at School

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Charles, Claire Elizabeth

2010-01-01

This paper is concerned with expanding knowledge of how femininity/sexuality intersections are constituted in secondary schools. Existing studies have drawn upon Judith Butler's notion of a "heterosexual matrix" in order to understand how intersections of femininity/sexuality are produced in schools through normative discourses of…

Discord in the gender harmony: Mobilising femininities at work

OpenAIRE

Carr, Melissa; Kelan, Elisabeth K.

2017-01-01

This article seeks to aid our understanding of gendered inclusion by looking at how femininities are mobilised at work. Whilst within the popular press there is a growing neo-liberal discourse about women supporting other women in organisations, little consideration has been given to men’s reactions to women aligning with each other, in other words, women mobilising femininities. Furthermore, whilst studies of doing gender have considered this from an individual viewpoint, we are unclear abou...

The Cultural Voice of Immigrant Latina Women and the Meaning of Femininity

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Ellen Greer

2013-04-01

Full Text Available This phenomenological study investigates the cultural meaning of femininity to immigrant Latina women and its significance in the consideration of decisions related to maintaining breast health. Theories of culture and health promotion support the concern for women’s need for access to health care in relation to breast health and the cultural barriers that interface between the connections of femininity, body image, and mental health. For Hispanic women, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer generating distress for the individual, partner, and family. The importance of best practices in health promotion and risk reduction strategies in the early screening of women is emphasized in the literature. However, the voice of immigrant Latina women in describing their perspective of femininity and breast health and how it may affect choice and decision making related to breast self-care practices has not been studied. Five themes emerged from the data analysis conducted with Giorgi’s phenomenological method leading to an unfolded description of femininity: power of feminine identity through motherhood, hardiness is sustainability to overcoming adversity, connection to self and others, satisfaction meeting cultural gender-role expectations, and contemplative prevention to maintain breast integrity. The findings of this study will contribute to the increasing body of evidence-based practice related to understanding the impact of culture related to breast health. While the concept of femininity can be challenged not only by a diagnosis of breast cancer but also by other diseases and life conditions, understanding the cultural meaning of femininity to Latina women is pivotal to health care professionals as they partner with Latina women and community support groups to develop empowerment strategies and programs that promote choice and decision making involving breast health.

Comparison of Masculine and Feminine Gender Roles in Iranian Patients with Gender Identity Disorder

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Kaveh Alavi, MD

2015-12-01

Conclusion: Iranian FM‐GID individuals were less feminine than normal men. However, MF‐GID individuals were similar to normal women or more feminine. Cultural considerations remain to be investigated. Alavi K, Eftekhar M and Jalali Nadoushan AH. Comparison of masculine and feminine gender roles in Iranian patients with gender identity disorder. Sex Med 2015;3:261–268.

Sjiele sacrifices, Odin treasures and Saami graves?

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Inger Zachrisson

1987-01-01

Full Text Available This paper presents archaeological findings described as Saami metal deposits. These well-known "Finds from Lapp Places of Sacrifice", objects from the Viking Age and Early Middle Ages, were mostly found in northern Sweden. The author also presents a research project dealing with prehistoric and medieval Saami graves from the south Saami area.

Masculinity-femininity predicts sexual orientation in men but not in women.

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Udry, J Richard; Chantala, Kim

2006-11-01

Using the nationally representative sample of about 15,000 Add Health respondents in Wave III, the hypothesis is tested that masculinity-femininity in adolescence is correlated with sexual orientation 5 years later and 6 years later: that is, that for adolescent males in 1995 and again in 1996, more feminine males have a higher probability of self-identifying as homosexuals in 2001-02. It is predicted that for adolescent females in 1995 and 1996, more masculine females have a higher probability of self-identifying as homosexuals in 2001-02. Masculinity-femininity is measured by the classical method used by Terman & Miles. For both time periods, the hypothesis was strongly confirmed for males: the more feminine males had several times the probability of being attracted to same-sex partners, several times the probability of having same-sex partners, and several times the probability of self-identifying as homosexuals, compared with more masculine males. For females, no relationship was found at either time period between masculinity and sex of preference. The biological mechanism underlying homosexuality may be different for males and females.

Masculinity and femininity in the divergence of male body image concerns.

Science.gov (United States)

Murray, Stuart B; Rieger, Elizabeth; Karlov, Lisa; Touyz, Stephen W

2013-01-01

Given recent assertions suggesting that gender role endorsement may be relevant in the divergence of male body image concerns, this study examined the self-reported gender role endorsement in opposing dimensional extremes of male body image disorders, namely, muscle dysmorphia and anorexia nervosa. This study further examined the relationship between gender role endorsement and eating disordered and muscle dysmorphia disorder pathology. Participants were 21 male muscle dysmorphia patients, 24 male anorexia nervosa patients, and 30 male gym-using controls from Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. All participants completed multidimensional measures of masculinity and femininity, and measures of eating disorder and muscle dysmorphia symptomatology. Patients with muscle dysmorphia reported significantly elevated adherence to masculine (but not feminine) norms relative to control gym-using men and men with anorexia nervosa, whereas patients with anorexia nervosa exhibited elevated feminine (but not masculine) gender role endorsement relative to control gym-using men and men with muscle dysmorphia. Masculine and feminine gender role endorsement appear to be associated with the divergence of body image concerns towards muscularity and thinness-oriented ideals respectively.

Construcción de la debilidad femenina Construction of the feminine weakness

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Isabel Gentil

2008-03-01

Full Text Available En estos momentos, en nuestra sociedad, la moda para la "mujer elegante" impone un modelo de calzado totalmente dañino para la salud de sus pies, por tanto para la salud de las mujeres. Las deformidades, lesiones y dolor en los pies de las mujeres están aumentando a consecuencia de ello. Nos cuestionamos el por qué de ésta moda, siendo conscientes de que los dictados de la moda nunca se producen en el vacío, fuera de un contexto social y nunca son neutros. Se realiza un estudio cualitativo utilizando la teoría fundamentada de Glaser y Strauss y la perspectiva de género para analizar los datos recogidos mediante la observación, tratando de descubrir qué significados esconde el modelo de "mujer elegante" que nos presentan los medios de comunicación. Descubrimos que tras la ideología de la elegancia femenina se oculta una realidad pragmática que busca el regreso de las mujeres a una inferioridad biológica.In these moments, in our society, the fashion for the "elegant woman" there imposes a model of totally harmful footwear for the health of the feet, therefore for the health of the women. The deformities, injuries and pain in the feet of the women are increasing as a result of it. We question why of this one fashion, being conscious that the dictations of the fashion never take are produced in the emptiness, out of a social context and they are never neutral. A qualitative analysis is realized using the theory of Glaser and Strauss and the perspective of genre to analyse the information gathered by means of the observation trying to discover that meant there hides the model of "elegant woman" that they present theirs the mass media. We verify that after the ideology of the feminine elegance there hides itself a pragmatic reality that looks for the return of the woman to a biological inferiority.

Spinal cord blood flow and ischemic injury after experimental sacrifice of thoracic and abdominal segmental arteries.

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Etz, Christian D; Homann, Tobias M; Luehr, Maximilian; Kari, Fabian A; Weisz, Donald J; Kleinman, George; Plestis, Konstadinos A; Griepp, Randall B

2008-06-01

Spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) after sacrifice of thoracoabdominal aortic segmental arteries (TAASA) during thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) repair remains poorly understood. This study explored SCBF for 72 h after sacrifice of all TAASA. Fourteen juvenile Yorkshire pigs underwent complete serial TAASA sacrifice (T4-L5). Six control pigs underwent anesthesia and cooling to 32 degrees C with no TAASA sacrifice. In the experimental animals, spinal cord function was continuously monitored using motor evoked potentials (MEPs) until 1h after clamping the last TAASA. Fluorescent microspheres enabled segmental measurement of SCBF along the entire spinal cord before, and 5 min, 1 h, 5 h, 24 h and 72 h after complete TAASA sacrifice. A modified Tarlov score was obtained for 3 days after surgery. All the pigs with complete TAASA sacrifice retained normal cord function (MEP) until 1h after TAASA ligation. Seven pigs (50%) with complete TAASA sacrifice recovered after 72 h; seven pigs suffered paraparesis or paraplegia. Intraoperatively, and until 1h postoperatively, SCBF was similar among the three groups along the entire cord. Postoperatively, SCBF did not decrease in any group, but significant hyperemia occurred at 5h in controls and recovery animals, but did not occur in pigs that developed paraparesis or paraplegia in the T8-L2 segments (p=0.0002) and L3-S segments (p=0.0007). At 24h, SCBF remained marginally lower from T8 caudally; at 72h, SCBF was similar among all groups along the entire cord. SCBF in the segments T8-L2 at 5h predicted functional recovery (p=0.003). This study suggests that critical spinal cord ischemia after complete TAASA sacrifice does not occur immediately (intraoperatively), but is delayed 1-5h or longer after clamping, and represents failure to mount a hyperemic response to rewarming and awakening. The short duration of low SCBF associated with spinal cord injury suggests that hemodynamic and metabolic manipulation lasting only 24-72 h may

Nelson Rodrigues escribe como mujer Nelson Rodrigues writing as a woman

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Cecilia Inés Luque

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Rodrigues firmó el melodrama autobiográfico Minha Vida con el heterónimo Suzana Flag. La autoría enmascarada y la enunciación travestida de este texto naturalizan los efectos ideológicos de la historia de amor, pero también plantean -tal vez inintencionalmente- una crítica al proceso de subjetivación femenina implícito en ella y una parodia al resultante ideal de Mujer. El análisis de las características contradictorias de este texto ponen en evidencia las limitaciones de la categoría "literatura de mujeres", y señala la pertinencia de remplazarla con la de "escribir como mujer".Rodrigues signed his heteronym's name - Suzana Flag- on the autobiographical melodrama Minha Vida [My Life]. The masked authorship and the transvestite enunciation of this text naturalize the ideological effects of the love story, but also poses -perhaps unintentionally- a critical view of the related process of producing a feminine subjectivity and a parody of the resulting ideal of Woman. The analysis of the contradictory characteristics of this text reveals the limitations of the category of "women's literature" and suggests the pertinence of replacing it with that of "writing like (or as a woman".

THE GOSPEL’S VISION FOR WOMEN AND THE FEMININE GENIUS

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Alexandra Cathey

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The spiritual impoverishment of humanity is directly tied to the marginalization of women that has prevented them from fully expressing their feminine genius in both the home and in society. What is need to remove obstacles to the feminine genius is the adoption of the Gospel vision for women and the espousal of Jesus Christ’s attitude toward women. By showing openness, respect, acceptance, and tenderness towards women, the feminine gifts will make an indispensable contribution to the growth of a culture that promotes a culture worthy of persons, a world in which human relationships are more honest and authentic. Women, beginning with their daily relationships with people, offer to humanity the richness of their sensitivity, intuitiveness, generosity, and fidelity. The family and society, as John Paul II noted, direly need the maternal and healing embrace of women.

Effects of subliminal stimulation on masculinity-femininity ratings of a male model.

Science.gov (United States)

Hovsepian, W; Quatman, G

1978-02-01

The effects of subliminal stimulation on masculinity-femininity ratings of a male model were tested for 100 male undergraduates, randomly divided into four groups and individually shown a slide of a male model. One group received no further stimulation. A second group received a subliminal flash of white light across the image of the model; a third group was presented with the subliminal message "masculine," while a fourth group was presented with the subliminal message "feminine." Subjects were asked to rate the model on a six-point scale of masculinity-femininity. The differences in ratings among groups were not significant, indicating that subliminal stimulation did not influence masculinity-femininity value-norm-anchor judgments. There were no significant differences in the reported perception of additional stimuli or the tendency to be relaxed among the four groups. However, subjects who received the "masculine" message and reported that they were more relaxed did tend to rate the model higher in masculinity.

Comparison of Masculine and Feminine Gender Roles in Iranian Patients with Gender Identity Disorder.

Science.gov (United States)

Alavi, Kaveh; Eftekhar, Mehrdad; Jalali Nadoushan, Amir Hossein

2015-12-01

Gender identity disorders (GID) are heterogeneous disorders that may be influenced by culture and social norms. The aim of this study was to determine masculine and feminine gender roles in a group of Iranian patients with GID and compare these roles with two control groups. Twelve male-to-female (MF) and 27 female-to-male (FM) individuals with GID referred to Tehran Psychiatric Institute in Tehran, I. R. Iran were evaluated by self-report inventories and were compared with two groups of healthy controls (81 men and 89 women). Diagnoses were established based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) criteria. Data analysis was done using analysis of variance and chi-squared test. Masculine and feminine gender roles were assessed by two questionnaires: (i) Gender-Masculine (GM) and Gender-Feminine (GF) scales derived from the Minnesota Multiphasic Inventory-2 (MMPI-2); (ii) Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI). In the scales of masculinity, MF-GID individuals scored as male controls, but lower than female controls. FM-GID individuals scored similar to female controls and higher than male controls. In femininity scales, MF-GID individuals and control women seemed similar, and both scored higher than the other groups. FM-GID persons were considered less feminine than both controls in the GF scale of MMPI-2, but not in the BSRI. In both scales, FM-GID persons had higher scores than control women and MF-GID individuals. Iranian FM-GID individuals were less feminine than normal men. However, MF-GID individuals were similar to normal women or more feminine. Cultural considerations remain to be investigated. Alavi K, Eftekhar M and Jalali Nadoushan AH. Comparison of masculine and feminine gender roles in Iranian patients with gender identity disorder. Sex Med 2015;3:261-268.

Freud's treatment of the feminine with reference to his theory of the ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This study argues that Freud's treatment of the feminine is largely phallogocentric thereby providing an invaluable basis for criticism of the structure of phallogocentrism. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the critical direction of Freud's views on femininity as revealed in his theory of the Oedipus complex, relating it both ...

Swedish women's perceptions of and conformity to feminine norms.

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Kling, Johanna; Holmqvist Gattario, Kristina; Frisén, Ann

2017-06-01

The relatively high gender equality in the Swedish society is likely to exert an influence on gender role construction. Hence, the present research aimed to investigate Swedish women's perceptions of and conformity to feminine norms. A mixed methods approach with two studies was used. In Study 1, young Swedish women's gender role conformity, as measured by the Conformity to Feminine Norms Inventory 45 (CFNI-45), was compared to the results from previously published studies in Canada, the United States, and Slovakia. Overall, Swedish women displayed less conformity than their foreign counterparts, with the largest difference on the subscale Sexual fidelity. In Study 2, focus group interviews with young Swedish women added a more complex picture of feminine norms in the Swedish society. For instance the results indicated that Swedish women, while living in a society with a strong gender equality discourse, are torn between the perceived need to invest in their appearances and the risk of being viewed as non-equal when doing so. In sum, despite the fact that traditional gender roles are less pronounced in Sweden, gender role conformity is still a pressing issue. Since attending to the potential roles of feminine norms in women's lives previously has been proposed to be useful in counseling and therapeutic work, the present research also offers valuable information for both researchers and practitioners. [Correction added on 5 May 2017, after first online publication in April 2017: An incorrect Abstract was inadvertently captured in the published article and has been corrected in this current version.]. © 2017 Scandinavian Psychological Associations and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Influence of Acculturation Strategies on the Judgment of a Violent Act Committed by a North African Woman

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Chloé Dougez

2018-04-01

Full Text Available The aim of this research was to examine how judgment of an aggressive act committed by a North African immigrant woman was influenced by the perpetrator’s acculturation strategies and the participants’ level of social dominance orientation (SDO. Two hundred seven students read a scenario describing a physical assault committed by a North African woman. She was described as having one of four acculturation profiles (assimilation, integration, separation, and marginalization. The consequences of the assault were manipulated (low impact vs. high impact. Participants judged both the act and its perpetrator on different dimensions. When the aggressor had not adopted French culture and/or had maintained her original culture, the offense was explained by internal causes and was judged more severely, and the offender was judged more negatively and was perceived as having more masculine characteristics than in the other conditions. These results were particularly true for participants with a high level of SDO. SDO level also affected how participants rated the feminine characteristics of the offender. The acculturation strategy adopted by the aggressor as a factor not directly related to the act and SDO level played a crucial role in the way participants judged a North African woman carrying out a physical assault. The implications and issues of this study are discussed.

Women managers' teams – social representations about feminine management / Equipes gerenciadas por mulheres - representações sociais sobre gerenciamento feminino

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Tânia Maria Fontenele Mourão

2008-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to apprehend the way teams that have a woman as amanager are building the social representation about this management. The participants were 74 women and 72 men whose teams work with seven women who have reached the top of their careers in administrative positions of DAS 5 and DAS 6 levels of the Public Federal Administration. A free association test was applied and analyzed through the EVOC software. The results showed that the participants identified some characteristics on women management that were considered a feminine form of leadership: interpersonal relationship, respect for individuality, concern with the quality of work. This kind of management carries an interactive style that is characterized by the capacity to promote inclusion, which is a characteristic of flat management nets.

Sacrifice in Modernity: Community, Ritual, Identity : From Nationalism and Nonviolence to Health Care and Harry Potter

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Duyndam, J.; Korte, A.-M.; Poorthuis, Marcel

2016-01-01

Sacrifice seems to belong to a religious context of the past. In Sacrifice in Modernity: Community, Ritual, Identity it is demonstrated how sacrificial themes remain an essential element in our post-modern society. The shaping of community, performing rituals and the search for identity, three main

”FEMININE WRITING” - THE EVOLUTION OF A CONCEPT

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Mihaela BACALI

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The concept of “feminine writing” has caused much controversy in time. It appeared in France after the feminist movements in 1970, as a reaction to the lack of visibility of women writers, and it had three important stages. The first, temporally placed right after the events, whose spokeswoman was Hélène Cixous and was marked by her disputatious spirit. In the second stage, between the 80s and the 90s, a less troubled period, as the revolutionary enthusiasm decreased, the works of reference are those signed by Béatrice Didier and Christine Planté. A third stage is the one we are in at the moment – the stage from the beginning of the millennium – characterized by the fact that gender studies are more and more frequent and the efforts to reinstate a literature that has been ignored for a long time, as well as the concern to bring to the fore the literary femininity multiply. If in the period before the postmodernist era feminine literature had certain peculiarities due also to the social situation of women in a masculine society, nowadays the process of un-differentiation – a reflex of an equality that women gained with so much difficulty – is also manifested in the writing field.

The Significance of Blood Sacrifice in the Old Testament

African Journals Online (AJOL)

DrNneka

redemption. Life with God was made possible by blood in the sacrifice. Thus, the ... communion, making propitiation, cleansing, averting evils or failures to providing .... show the evidence of his undivided loyalty to the covenant friendship. To this call ... gives a seemingly befitting working definition for our purpose. According ...

Raising the veil: mountains from a masculine and a feminine angle

OpenAIRE

2012-01-01

Context The present call for papers seeks to offer a feminine/masculine reading of mountains. Many works have already analysed the roles of human activity in mountain spaces, in agricultural production, the travel trade, the economy and the arts. But such investigation has often focused on the masculine side, revealing the practices, customs and narratives of men in the mountains. However the relations between humans and mountains do not all take a masculine form, their feminine side being eq...

Traditional Masculinity and Femininity: Validation of a New Scale Assessing Gender Roles.

Science.gov (United States)

Kachel, Sven; Steffens, Melanie C; Niedlich, Claudia

2016-01-01

Gender stereotype theory suggests that men are generally perceived as more masculine than women, whereas women are generally perceived as more feminine than men. Several scales have been developed to measure fundamental aspects of gender stereotypes (e.g., agency and communion, competence and warmth, or instrumentality and expressivity). Although omitted in later version, Bem's original Sex Role Inventory included the items "masculine" and "feminine" in addition to more specific gender-stereotypical attributes. We argue that it is useful to be able to measure these two core concepts in a reliable, valid, and parsimonious way. We introduce a new and brief scale, the Traditional Masculinity-Femininity (TMF) scale, designed to assess central facets of self-ascribed masculinity-femininity. Studies 1-2 used known-groups approaches (participants differing in gender and sexual orientation) to validate the scale and provide evidence of its convergent validity. As expected the TMF reliably measured a one-dimensional masculinity-femininity construct. Moreover, the TMF correlated moderately with other gender-related measures. Demonstrating incremental validity, the TMF predicted gender and sexual orientation in a superior way than established adjective-based measures. Furthermore, the TMF was connected to criterion characteristics, such as judgments as straight by laypersons for the whole sample, voice pitch characteristics for the female subsample, and contact to gay men for the male subsample, and outperformed other gender-related scales. Taken together, as long as gender differences continue to exist, we suggest that the TMF provides a valuable methodological addition for research into gender stereotypes.

The feminine ideal and transactional sex: Navigating respectability and risk in Swaziland.

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Fielding-Miller, Rebecca; Dunkle, Kristin L; Jama-Shai, Nwabisa; Windle, Michael; Hadley, Craig; Cooper, Hannah L F

2016-06-01

Women who engage in transactional sex are not only at increased risk of HIV and intimate partner violence, but also face social risks including gossip and ostracism. These social and physical risks may be dependent on both what a woman expects and needs from her partner and how her community perceives the relationship. Gender theory suggests that some of these social risks may hinge on whether or not a woman's relationship threatens dominant masculinity. We conducted a qualitative study in Swaziland from September 2013 to October 2014 to explore transactional sex and respectable femininity through the lens of hegemonic gender theory. Using cultural consensus modeling, we identified cultural models of transactional sex and conducted 16 in-depth interviews with model key informants and 3 focus group discussions, for a total of 41 participants. We identified 4 main models of transactional relationships: One typified by marriage and high social respectability, a second in which women aspire towards marriage, a third particular to University students, and a fourth "sugar daddy" model. Women in all models expected and received significant financial support from their male partners. However, women in less respectable relationships risked social censure and stigma if they were discovered, in part because aspects of their relationship threatened hegemonic masculinity. Conversely, women who received male support in respectable relationships had to carefully select HIV risk reduction strategies that did not threaten their relationship and associated social status. Research and programming efforts typically focus only on the less socially respectable forms of transactional sex. This risks reinforcing stigma for women in relationships that are already considered socially unacceptable while ignoring the unique HIV risks faced by women in more respectable relationships. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Animal Sacrifice in Religious Rituals or Beliefs

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Tereza Rodrigues Vieira

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Based on a bibliographical research, this article has the scope of the analysis of the sacrifice of nonhuman animals in religious rituals or beliefs practiced in Brazilian territory. By bringing moral, ethical and legal support, this national reality will be discussed in order to arrive at an answer of which good should be protected and guaranteed: religious freedom or the life of nonhuman animals?

A Sex Role Inventory with Scales for "Machismo" and "Self-Sacrificing Woman."

Science.gov (United States)

Lara-Cantu, Maria Asuncion

1989-01-01

Describes the development of a new sex role inventory, the Masculine-Feminine Personality Traits Scale, based on Bem's Sex Role Inventory and using Mexican sex role stereotypes. The instrument includes scales measuring assertive masculinity, affective femininity, aggressive masculinity, and submissive femininity. Results show expected response…

Traditional Masculinity and Femininity: Validation of a New Scale Assessing Gender Roles

OpenAIRE

Kachel, Sven; Steffens, Melanie C.; Niedlich, Claudia

2016-01-01

Gender stereotype theory suggests that men are generally perceived as more masculine than women, whereas women are generally perceived as more feminine than men. Several scales have been developed to measure fundamental aspects of gender stereotypes (e.g., agency and communion, competence and warmth, or instrumentality and expressivity). Although omitted in later version, Bem's original Sex Role Inventory included the items ?masculine? and ?feminine? in addition to more specific gender-stereo...

Women autonomy and aids: motivations for pregnancy in a HIV serodiscordant woman

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elen Soraia de Menezes Cabral

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Few studies discuss, through participation and advocacy of HIV-positive individuals, situations involving conflict about their reproductive rights and the work of health care teams. This study aimed at understanding the motivations that led a serodiscordant woman to choose pregnancy, even being aware of the risks to mother and fetus. It’s a qualitative study, adopting the case study as a methodological strategy. The historical and dialectical materialism served as theoretical framework for the analysis. The discussions were based on the model of principlist bioethics. Reflections on autonomy point to a conflicting issue between individual rights and risks for the future baby; gender and power; feminine submission and dependence, and social stigma about the disease still prevails. We concluded that professionals should be based on actual historical and social conditions, providing autonomy and recognizing rights and cultural values of those involved.

A “New Irish Woman” Emerges: Subverting Femininity in Maeve Kelly’s A Life of Her Own

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Ángela Rivera Izquierdo

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Women in Irish fiction have been largely the creation of male writers, and the embodiment of religious virtues such as purity and passivity, conventionally regarded as “feminine.” Not only the Roman Catholic Church but also the State progressively contributed to the social construct of Irish womanhood as inferior and, above all, domestic. From the 1960s onwards many women writers have tried relentlessly to reimage women in their fiction. Feminist activist Maeve Kelly is an outstanding example of such writers whose work remains virtually unexplored. Very often Kelly’s protagonists are women in their conventional roles as wives and mothers who struggle for happiness and independence. This essay focuses on her collected stories A Life of Her Own (1976, and particularly on her short story “The vain woman,” in which Kelly presents us with a “new Irish woman” who is no longer the personification of the Virgin Mary, and who actively rebels against her environment.

The Assessment of Masculinity and Femininity: Scale 5 of the MMPI Compared with the BSRI and the PAQ.

Science.gov (United States)

Volentine, Susen Zimmerman

1981-01-01

Compared the MMPI Scale 5 to the Bem Sex Role Inventory and Personal Attributes Questionnaire. Femininity measures were related more strongly to Scale 5 score than masculinity measures. It was concluded that Scale 5 may be interpreted more accurately as a measure of femininity rather than masculinity/femininity. (Author)

Attitudes towards the Use of Masculine and Feminine Japanese among Foreign Professionals: What Can Learners Learn from Professionals?

Science.gov (United States)

Itakura, Hiroko

2009-01-01

Subordinate femininity associated with feminine Japanese has been found to pose barriers for foreign language learners of Japanese, especially among Western female learners of Japanese. The present study investigates attitudes towards the use of both masculine and feminine Japanese among non-native professional speakers of Japanese. The latter's…

Child Sacrifice: Black America's Price of Paying the Media Piper.

Science.gov (United States)

Orange, Carolyn M.; George, Amiso M.

2000-01-01

Explores the sacrifice of African American children to the broadcast media and video games in terms of the players ("media pipers"), the messages ("piping"), and the consequences to children. Proposes some solutions for the problems associated with excessive television viewing and undesirable programming. (SLD)

The psychology of martyrdom: making the ultimate sacrifice in the name of a cause.

Science.gov (United States)

Bélanger, Jocelyn J; Caouette, Julie; Sharvit, Keren; Dugas, Michelle

2014-09-01

Martyrdom is defined as the psychological readiness to suffer and sacrifice one's life for a cause. An integrative set of 8 studies investigated the concept of martyrdom by creating a new tool to quantitatively assess individuals' propensity toward self-sacrifice. Studies 1A-1C consisted of psychometric work attesting to the scale's unidimensionality, internal consistency, and temporal stability while examining its nomological network. Studies 2A-2B focused on the scale's predictive validity, especially as it relates to extreme behaviors and suicidal terrorism. Studies 3-5 focused on the influence of self-sacrifice on automatic decision making, costly and altruistic behaviors, and morality judgments. Results involving more than 2,900 participants from different populations, including a terrorist sample, supported the proposed conceptualization of martyrdom and demonstrated its importance for a vast repertoire of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral phenomena. Implications and future directions for the psychology of terrorism are discussed. 2014 APA, all rights reserved

Feminine Values and Happy Life-Expectatncy in Nations

NARCIS (Netherlands)

W.A. Arrindell; R. Veenhoven (Ruut)

2002-01-01

textabstractCross-national studies suggest that people are happier in feminine nations that are also economically affluent. The first objective of the present study was to replicate this finding with a quality of life index which is more comprehensive than the usual measures of subjective

Gender and Choosing a STEM Major in College: Femininity, Masculinity, Chilly Climate, and Occupational Values

Science.gov (United States)

Simon, Richard M.; Wagner, Ashley; Killion, Brooke

2017-01-01

Masculinity and femininity have played a substantial role in how social scientists explain the gender gap in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) careers. The masculine culture of science is thought to be inconsistent with occupational values associated with feminine personalities, and to create a discriminatory academic…

"Écriture feminine" fotografijoje : Veronika Šleivytė ir Violeta Bubelytė

OpenAIRE

Narušytė, Agnė

2011-01-01

The concept of écriture feminine proposed by French feminists Hélène Cixous, Julia Kristeva and Luce Irigaray in 1970s has been criticised for being apolitical. But the criticism has been contested with the argument that it has a potential in changing the discourse that structures gender relationships in society. Écriture feminine as 'writing the body' is constructed in feminist theory as an opposition to the dominating patriarchal discourse that prevents women from occupying the subject posi...

On social femininatives in Serbian and other Slavic languages

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Piper Predrag J.

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Social femininatives, such as Serbian pevačica, učiteljica, upravnica, available in all Slavic languages, have in recent decades become a subject of language policy based on political correctness in the field of gender relations. As part of this language policy, the requirement is put forward of creating feminine neologisms in respect of each masculine noun, designating a profession or social status. The use of the ideological and political criteria in order to change the grammatical structure of the language is typical of more or less all modern Slavic literary languages. A common feature of such language policy is their communicative and grammatical groundlessness. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 178021: Opis i standardizacija savremenog srpskog jezika

The Scream of the Butterfly: on Reclaiming the Feminine Divine

Science.gov (United States)

Marie-Daly, Bernice

My thesis is that the Feminine Divine has re-entered our age as a primary image for human spiritual growth. Her central energies are immanence, interconnection, mutuality, and interdependence. Emerging from the ancient Goddess tradition, She is reflected anew in contemporary thought in multiple ways. I have explored Her re-emergence in spirituality, psychology, cross-cultural studies, ecofeminism and the new physics. I have focused my research on the experiences of women because women are the original and natural bearers of feminine energies. In the area of spirituality, She expresses Herself through women's reclaiming their sacred image in the women's spirituality movement. Further insights are gained from diverse indigenous cultures which honor the spirit-world in their everyday lives. Ritual, as the enactment of our beliefs, values and world-view, becomes powerful personal and communal expressions of Her re-emergence. From a psychological perspective, I have studied current theories of "Self-in-Relation" and Integrative Psychology. "Self-in-Relation" stresses personal development from within the context of relational growth, both within oneself and with others. Integrative Psychology articulates a body-oriented reconception of feminine and masculine energies. Ecofeminism expresses the confluence of women and nature as intrinsic to meeting environmental demands. Recognizing that treating 'mother' and 'earth' as inexhaustible resources is no longer possible, an ecofeminist position asserts that our assumptions about both women and nature be re -examined. The new physics reconstructs our perception of the universe through quantum physics and chaos theories. These perspectives view the universe as an alive, integrated whole; all aspects, including ourselves, inter-relate with all other aspects. These areas of research demonstrate the emergence of relatedness and interdependence as expressions of a new consciousness which honors the feminine Divine.

Det skriger bare feminin energi

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Tania Erika Aniol

2013-01-01

This thesis is based on a nearly five month ‘journey’. It was the curiosity of exploring genders role in the context of education, where there is an overrepresentation of one gender that began this journey. At nursing education that traditionally and culturally is feminine connoted, the male...... the male students learn how to behave as a nurse. My main findings show that the male students use four subordinate strategies; assimilation-, adaptation-, confrontation-, and the ventilation strategy, in order to legitimate their presence and by that identify themselves in the community of practice...

Feminine values and happy life-expectancy in nations.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Arrindell, W.A.; Veenhoven, R

2002-01-01

Cross-national studies suggest that people are happier in feminine nations that are also economically affluent. The first objective of the present study was to replicate this finding with a quality of life index which is more comprehensive than the usual measures of subjective well-being. This

[Mitral valve endocarditis after Turkish "Festival of Sacrifice"].

Science.gov (United States)

Blaich, A; Fasel, D; Kaech, C; Frei, R

2011-09-01

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is the causative agent of swine erysipelas. Systemic infections caused by E. rhusiopathiae are rare, but often (90%) associated with endocarditis. In about 60% of cases endocarditis develops on normal heart valves, and despite appropriate antibiotic therapy about one-third of the patients requires valve replacement. We report the case of a housewife, who developed a mitral valve endocarditis due to E. rhusiopathiae after preparing meat for the Turkish "Festival of Sacrifice".

Politics of Feminine Abuse: Political Oppression and Masculine Obstinacy in Doris Lessing’s The Good Terrorist

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Pedram Lalbakhsh

2012-07-01

Full Text Available This paper studies the male-dominated world of Doris Lessing’s novel The Good Terrorist. Alice Mellings, the protagonist of the novel, is a political activist whose reliance on male figures in the story—the leaders of a subdivision of a political party—ends in disillusionment and frustration. Looking at this novel from a socialist feminist point of view, Alice Mellings is found to be a minor member, exploited and abused, who has to follow the orders and instructions of her inept superiors—all male. While Alice is the one who guarantees the continuation of activism (doing all kinds of jobs needed to keep the squat alive, she is never allowed to have a role in decision making. She is a member whose identity is defined by male superiors and is considered as a half-human whose services are to be enjoyed only. However, the findings of this study prove Alice as one who has her own voice at the end. The novel’s closing is marked with an engendered New Woman who is aware of the political abuse and whose independent unbound identity stands much higher than the political oppression and masculine obstinacy that had imprisoned her for so long. She is a different woman at the end; one who knows her power, believes in it and decides to fight and not to surrender. And this is a new consciousness that Lessing raises: discover your feminine power, have a firm belief in it and use it to win.

Feminine transformations: gender reassignment surgical tourism in Thailand.

Science.gov (United States)

Aizura, Aren Z

2010-10-01

Every year, hundreds of transgendered people from the United States, Europe, Asia, Canada, and Australia travel to Thailand to undergo cosmetic and gender reassignment surgeries (GRS). Many GRS clinics market themselves almost exclusively to non-Thai trans women (people assigned a male sex at birth who later identify as female). This article draws on ethnographic research with patients visiting Thailand for GRS to explore how trans women patients related their experience of medical care in Thailand to Thai cultural traditions, in particular "traditional" Thai femininity and Theravada Buddhist rituals and beliefs. Foreign patients in Thai hospital settings engage not only with medical practices but also with their perceptions of Thai cultural traditions--which inflect their feminine identifications. I draw on two patients' accounts of creating personal rituals to mark their gender reassignment surgery, placing these accounts within the context of biomedical globalization and debates about the touristic appropriation of non-"Western" cultural practices.

Correlated Male Preferences for Femininity in Female Faces and Voices

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Paul J Fraccaro

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Sexually dimorphic physical traits are important for mate choice and mate preference in many species, including humans. Several previous studies have observed that women's preferences for physical cues of male masculinity in different domains (e.g., visual and vocal are correlated. These correlations demonstrate systematic, rather than arbitrary, variation in women's preferences for masculine men and are consistent with the proposal that sexually dimorphic cues in different domains reflect a common underlying aspect of male quality. Here we present evidence for a similar correlation between men's preferences for different cues of femininity in women; although men generally preferred feminized to masculinized versions of both women's faces and voices, the strength of men's preferences for feminized versions of female faces was positively and significantly correlated with the strength of their preferences for feminized versions of women's voices. In a second study, this correlation occurred when men judged women's attractiveness as long-term, but not short-term, mates, which is consistent with previous research. Collectively, these findings (1 present novel evidence for systematic variation in men's preferences for feminine women, (2 present converging evidence for concordant preferences for sexually dimorphic traits in different domains, and (3 complement findings of correlations between women's facial and vocal femininity.

Fussy Girls and Chattering Women--The Construct and Subordination of Femininity in Preschool Teacher Training

Science.gov (United States)

Hedlin, Maria; Åberg, Magnus

2018-01-01

In Sweden, as in Western countries generally, most preschool teachers are women. This fact sometimes leads to the assumption that preschools are "feminine", and that this might be bad for boys. We challenge this assumption. Using a gender critical approach we have studied preschool student teachers. "Femininity" might be used…

Canonical understanding of the sacrifice of Isaac: The influence of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2016-07-08

Jul 8, 2016 ... Martyrdom has granted benefits to the people of ... Testament, as the authoritative text and understands the text primarily in the canonical context ... This is more significant in terms of ..... This image of the Father-Son relation recurs in the NT, ..... this passage is Abraham's obedience, not Isaac's self-sacrifice.

Sacrifice in Early Christianity : The Social Dimension of a Metaphor

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Rouwhorst, Gerard; Duyndam, Joachim; Korte, Anne-Marie; Poorthuis, Marcel

2016-01-01

In Early Christianity the term 'sacrifice' was understood in a metaphorical way. The key to this metaphorical was to be found in the life and the death of Jesus Christ which which was interpreted as a self-offering and, for its part, constituted the model of the Christian way of life. Although this

"No Boundaries"? Girls' Interactive, Online Learning about Femininities

Science.gov (United States)

Kelly, Deirdre M.; Pomerantz, Shauna; Currie, Dawn H.

2006-01-01

This article explores girls' learning about issues of femininity that takes place in the presence of others online, connected through chat rooms, instant messaging, and role-playing games. Informed by critical and poststructuralist feminist theorizing of gendered subjectivity, agency, and power, the article draws from qualitative interviews with…

Mapping Femininity as Self-reflection Strategy in Lady Mary Wortley Montagu’s Travel Letters

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Amelia Precup

2017-07-01

Full Text Available The present paper participates in the discussion about the differences between masculine and feminine modes of travel in terms of interests, perception, and representation, by exploring the Letters of the Right Honourable Lady M--y W--y M--e Written during Her Travels in Europe, Asia and Africa, by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu. As a traveller, Lady Mary engaged in the contemplation of cultural landscapes: she attempted to understand the social logic of the communities she met and to assess the cultural distance between the English society and the local customs of the countries she visited. Within this large social and cultural framework, the focus of her keen spirit of observation is represented, in many of her letters, by gender dynamics and the status of women, thus allowing a feminine configuration of the map of continental Europe and the Ottoman Empire and a comparative understanding of femininity and expected feminine behaviour. Therefore, the contention of this paper is that, in Lady Mary’s letters, the female-traveller’s gaze ends in meditation and self-contemplation, and functions as a means of comparing and reassessing female identity.

Against dichotomies: On mature care and self-sacrifice in care ethics.

Science.gov (United States)

van Nistelrooij, Inge; Leget, Carlo

2017-09-01

In previous issues of this journal, Carol Gilligan's original concept of mature care has been conceptualized by several (especially Norwegian) contributors. This has resulted in a dichotomous view of self and other, and of self-care and altruism, in which any form of self-sacrifice is rejected. Although this interpretation of Gilligan seems to be quite persistent in care-ethical theory, it does not seem to do justice to either Gilligan's original work or the tensions experienced in contemporary nursing practice. A close reading of Gilligan's concept of mature care leads to a view that differs radically from any dichotomy of self-care and altruism. Instead of a dichotomous view, a dialectical view on self and other is proposed that builds upon connectedness and might support a care-ethical view of nursing that is more consistent with Gilligan's own critical insights such as relationality and a practice-based ethics. A concrete case taken from nursing practice shows the interconnectedness of professional and personal responsibility. This underpins a multilayered, complex view of self-realization that encompasses sacrifices as well. When mature care is characterized as a practice of a multilayered connectedness, caregivers can be acknowledged for their relational identity and nursing practices can be recognized as multilayered and interconnected. This view is better able to capture the tensions that are related to today's nursing as a practice, which inevitably includes sacrifices of self. In conclusion, a further discussion on normative conceptualizations of care is proposed that starts with a non-normative scrutiny of caring practices.

Disturbing Femininity

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Kirsten Hvenegård-Lassen

2013-06-01

Full Text Available When Helle Thorning-Schmidt in 2011 became the first female Prime Minister in Denmark, this “victory for the women” was praised in highly celebratory tones in Danish newspapers. The celebration involved a paradoxical representation of gen-der as simultaneously irrelevant to politics and – when it comes to femininity – in need of management. Based on an analysis of the newspaper coverage of the elec-tion, I argue that highlighting gender (inequality as either an important political issue or as something that conditions the possibilities of taking up a position as politician was evaluated as a performative speech act, i.e. an act that creates the trouble it names. Ruling out gender equality as relevant was, however, continually interrupted by comments on how Thorning-Schmidt and other female politicians perform gender in ways that fit or do not fit with “doing politician”. These com-ments tended to concern the styling of bodies and behaviour and followed well known – or sticky – gendered scripts.

Preliminary remarks on the Roman military equipment from the war booty sacrifice of Viemose, Denmark

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pauli Jensen, Xenia

2007-01-01

The article deals with the war booty sacrifice of Vimose, Denmark, where a vast amount of Roman military equipment was found. The Ring Pommel swords are discussed, especially the possible (or not so possible) link with the Marcomannic Wars 166-180 AD.......The article deals with the war booty sacrifice of Vimose, Denmark, where a vast amount of Roman military equipment was found. The Ring Pommel swords are discussed, especially the possible (or not so possible) link with the Marcomannic Wars 166-180 AD....

Female Fighters: Perceptions of Femininity in the Super Smash Bros. Community

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John L Adams

2016-07-01

Full Text Available This study takes on a qualitative analysis of the online forum, SmashBoards, to examine the way gender is perceived and acted upon in the community surrounding the Super Smash Bros. series. A total of 284 comments on the forum were analyzed using the concepts of gender performativity and symbolic interactionism to determine the perceptions of femininity, reactions to female players, and the understanding of masculinity within the community. Ultimately, although hypermasculine performances were present, a focus on the technical aspects of the game tended to take priority over any understanding of gender, resulting in a generally ambiguous approach to femininity.

When sustainability of a tourism destination is a requirement: Does the consumer perceive sacrifices in diving experiences?

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Polyanna de Lourdes Saraiva do Nascimento

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Consumer behaviour refers to some subjective characteristics of individuals, their cultural principles and living experiences throughout their lives, aspects that awaken the individual’s desire to consume certain products and services and sometimes the tendency to give up some personal and discretionary resources to concretize this consumption, in other words, to make sacrifices. In this present study, the emphasis focuses on the understanding of the way Dutch and Brazilian consumers carry out the sacrifice in diving experiences, while the practice of sustainability is required. Therefore, the aspects that motivated this study are related to the need to explore the sacrifice theme in consumer relations, mainly when associated with products and services where the hedonic experience is felt, as it is through diving. The research is interpretative, considering that it captures objective results from the studied phenomenon, by using semi-structured interviews collected with divers, totalling twenty-three interviews in Brazil and Netherlands. The collected data was analysed according to content analysis. The results pointed out the relationship between sacrifices and sustainability, in diving experiences associated with the abdication of resources such as: recreation, time, comfort and money. Moreover, the predisposition to sacrifice something is directly related to living experiences during the practice of the activity, considering that it awakens positive feelings and generates a strong individual affective commitment. These aspects emphasize the provision of the individuals to follow the rules for sustainability determined by tourist destinations for diving, as well as the desire to explore without destroying, aiming to keep practicing that activity are that location.

Femininity as city marketing strategy: gender bending Rotterdam

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van den Berg, M.

2012-01-01

Rotterdam organised the festival ‘La City’ as an entrepreneurial strategy to upgrade the city’s class position, using femininity as a tool. ‘La City’ was an attempt to introduce a new economy in Rotterdam: one that is service-based and post-industrial. Rotterdam is a former industrial city and is

Pengaruh Perceived Quality, Perceived Sacrifice, Perceived Value, Dan Price Fairness Terhadap Customer Satisfaction Taman Sari Rasa Waterpark Cilacap

OpenAIRE

Rifqi, Viola Amdya; Endratno, Hermin

2015-01-01

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh perceived quality, perceived sacrifice, perceived value, dan price fairness terhadap customer satisfaction Taman Sari Rasa Waterpark Cilacap. Dimana variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah perceived quality, perceived sacrifice, perceived value, dan price fairness, sedangkan variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah customer satisfaction.Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji v...

Traditional Masculinity and Femininity: Validation of a New Scale Assessing Gender Roles

Science.gov (United States)

Kachel, Sven; Steffens, Melanie C.; Niedlich, Claudia

2016-01-01

Gender stereotype theory suggests that men are generally perceived as more masculine than women, whereas women are generally perceived as more feminine than men. Several scales have been developed to measure fundamental aspects of gender stereotypes (e.g., agency and communion, competence and warmth, or instrumentality and expressivity). Although omitted in later version, Bem's original Sex Role Inventory included the items “masculine” and “feminine” in addition to more specific gender-stereotypical attributes. We argue that it is useful to be able to measure these two core concepts in a reliable, valid, and parsimonious way. We introduce a new and brief scale, the Traditional Masculinity-Femininity (TMF) scale, designed to assess central facets of self-ascribed masculinity-femininity. Studies 1–2 used known-groups approaches (participants differing in gender and sexual orientation) to validate the scale and provide evidence of its convergent validity. As expected the TMF reliably measured a one-dimensional masculinity-femininity construct. Moreover, the TMF correlated moderately with other gender-related measures. Demonstrating incremental validity, the TMF predicted gender and sexual orientation in a superior way than established adjective-based measures. Furthermore, the TMF was connected to criterion characteristics, such as judgments as straight by laypersons for the whole sample, voice pitch characteristics for the female subsample, and contact to gay men for the male subsample, and outperformed other gender-related scales. Taken together, as long as gender differences continue to exist, we suggest that the TMF provides a valuable methodological addition for research into gender stereotypes. PMID:27458394

WOMAN BODY: FRIEND OR FOE? A STUDY ON MARGE PIERCY‟S BELLY GOOD

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Aris Siswanti

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Stereotypes of beauty make women, of their own free will, sacrifice themselves to become ideal. Marge Piercy, through her poemBelly Good, criticizes this condition by providing multiple analogies on how women try hard to encounter what is called as the popular belief as a perfect woman. Metaphorical statements of belly as women‘s obsession are presented along with how the ideal women belly should be. Yet, Piercy also presents how women are still able to find comfort in their belly. Furthermore, belly is implicitly depicted as the source of life. This paradoxical situation is then appropriate to Caputi and Nance‘s notion on the worldly-believed stereotype of beauty that women are the pretty sex. Here, women are expected to be works of art. These two faces of a coin become the core of analysis in this study, of which one of the purposes is to grow the awareness of not being trapped in the perspective of beauty.

Against dichotomies: on mature care and self-sacrifice in care ethics

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Nistelrooij, A.A.M. van; Leget, C.J.W.

2016-01-01

Introduction: In previous issues of this journal Carol Gilligan’s original concept of mature care has been conceptualized by several (especially Norwegian) contributors. This has resulted in a dichotomous view of self and other, and of self-care and altruism, in which any form of self-sacrifice is

The Woman in the Mirror: Imaging the Filipino Woman in Short Stories in English by Filipino Woman Authors

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Veronico Nogales Tarrayo

2015-03-01

Full Text Available This paper attempted to draw the image of the Filipino woman as depicted by female protagonists in selected short stories in English (1925-1986 written by Filipino woman authors. Specifically, the paper aimed to answer the following questions: (1 How are female protagonists depicted in the selected short stories written by Filipino woman authors? What are their virtues, vices, passions, and struggles?; and (2 What roles do these female protagonists play in the Philippine society? A virtue displayed by the most female characters is having a sense of responsibility. Most of the woman characters are passionate in preserving their relationship with their loved ones or keeping the peace among the family members. The Filipino woman, in the short stories, has projected varied images which could be categorized as martyr, social victim, homemaker, mother, and fighter. The Filipino woman is a product of her time and milieu – heterogeneous in looks, psyche, and roles in the society.

Sexualities, Visual Arts and Power: Visual Pedagogies of the Feminine

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Luciana Gruppelli Luciana

2002-01-01

Full Text Available This work is about the relations between sexualities, visual arts and power, taking in consideration the theorizations of Michel Foucault, mainly in respect to conceits like power and dissertation. Analyses like the feminine sexuality is put in dissertation through the images produced by occidental art, starting by a very particular masculine eye. In affirming that these images produce a pedagogy of the feminine, I pretend to contribute to the amplification of the analysis that take place in the teaching field of visual arts (and consequently, for the teaching formation on the area that in the last years, through more recent methodological and theoretical tendencies, has been distinguishing the role of the images in education without, however, giving the proper attention to conceits like gender, sexuality and power.

The Haunting Presence of the Feminine: Virginia Woolf in the Streets of London

OpenAIRE

Agnieszka Pantuchowicz

2017-01-01

Beginning with the theme of the location of haunting in Gothic interiors and the confusion of life and death and the “sub-central” positioning of the feminine as the hidden source of fearfulness, the paper analyzes Virginia Woolf’s “Street Haunting: A London Adventure” as an example of a narrative written from the position of the haunting in which the figure of fearful feminine is transformed into a “hauntess” participating in the public world on equal rights with others. Woolf’s text, though...

Pengaruh Perceived Quality, Perceived Sacrifice Dan Perceived Value Terhadap Customer Satisfaction Di Informa Innovative Furnishing Pakuwon City Surabaya

OpenAIRE

Saputro, Daniel Krisno

2013-01-01

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh dari Perceived Quality, Perceived Sacrifice dan Perceived Value terhadap Customer Satisfaction di Informa Innovative Furnishing Pakuwon City Surabaya. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perceived quality, perceived sacrifice dan perceived value. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada 100 orang konsumen di Informa Pakuwon City. Alat analisa yang digunakan adalah analisa regresi linear berganda.Hasil d...

“She Had ‘Balls’”: Islamic Liberalism And The Modern Woman In A Contemporary Malaysian Fiction In English

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Bernidick Bryan P. Hosmillo

2011-05-01

Full Text Available The paper wants to dissect the plurality of contemporary Malay society by focusing on the construction of woman sexuality as charged with an amalgam of Islam Parochialism that is seen as a restrictive sociopolitical mechanism and (deconcentrated modernization that decentres religious functions in contemporary Malay society and uses instead a rather ‘filtered’ Islam as colour for the contours of life. Further, the paper underscores the fictive, yet real advances of the Malay woman in terms of critical consciousness and beauty manifested in cultural materialism as both are seriously equated to power. The woman, however, with all the intellectual and material elevation intervenes with (masculine sexualisation. Hence, the paper capitalizes thenecessity to examine the complexities of masculine sexualisation, as fortified by Western modernity, which is a process of recognizing the feminine presence that inevitably generate erotic desire to sexual fantasy that ultimately constructs the woman. The paper’s major thrust is to reconceptualise the notion of power anchored in the ideological framework of its polysemous nature. Such progressive elucidation of the concept creates tension between empowerment and domination which is a relevant concern in feminist politics and interpretations in that the specific implication of such reconceptualization is the   object of becoming not oppressors, but of becoming liberated that in the discourse of Malayness is largely problematic as it is always perceived to be antithetical to revitalization of Islam through authentic Malaysian Literature in English for ‘liberalism’ in this case, is associated with the rupture of women’s sexuality.

INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEIVED SACRIFICE AND B TO B CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN THE INSURANCE INDUSTRY

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Petrisoaia Carmen

2012-07-01

Full Text Available The Romanian insurance market expanded rapidly during the last two decades. Presently, the Insurance Supervisory Commission (CSA reports 43 insurance companies and 567 insurance brokers. In this extremely dynamic and competitive environment, it is compulsory to control key elements that generate and maintain customer satisfaction. Therefore, the hereto paper concentrates on the influence exerted by perceived sacrifice over the business to business customer satisfaction in the insurance industry. More precisely, the objective is to investigate the impact of effort, time and money spent by the business to business customer over satisfaction. The concept of satisfaction has been intensively explored in the literature due to the fact that both practitioners and academics understood that it held a great significance in determining and preserving customer relationships and therefore, long-term profitability. In the service sector, much research has been conducted in the business to consumer context, especially concentrated on the relationship between service quality and satisfaction, whereas the business to business setting received less attention. In order to explore the relationship between perceived sacrifice and satisfaction, a descriptive research design was used. A questionnaire was created using multiple items for measuring satisfaction and perceived sacrifice and also a number of identification variables. The survey concerned companies that had had benefitted from the services of an insurance broker at least once. Copies of the questionnaire were sent by email to company managers from all the main industries. A total of 85 answers were collected. With the help of SPSS tool, the two measurement scales were tested for reliability and validity and a factor analysis was performed. The next step was to calculate the composite scores for each of the two variables and to carry out the simple linear regression analysis. Our linear model considers that

PENSANDO A ADOÇÃO OLHANDO A MATERNAGEM

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karine Inae Moreira Peretto

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Culturally, the society assigns to women not only the gestation of a child, but the care and responsibility of the constitution of the first links with the baby. Thus, the research aimed to examine how the femininity can be related to the desire of women to exercise maternity through adoption, and to think why some women need to become mothers to feel feminine, while others prefer to abdicate this role to take on other social commitments, and to understand the desire on the adoption as something beyond femininity, which runs through the bond present in the mother/child relationship. The material collection used in the research was conducted through literature. The method adopted for this work development was psychoanalysis. It can be noticed that the woman has not found her space, and is confused about her desires and about the desires that society expects her to have. Thinking about the modern woman is opening a diversity of choices, as she is redefining values and looking for her identity. The fact that the woman acts in economical and/or familiar fields does not seem to decrease or eliminate her femininity. Gradually, each one will find their value and realize that regardless how they behave in these situations, they will never lose their essence, because being feminine is to be beyond the standards imposed by society: is to look at the woman as a whole.

Dying for the group: Towards a general theory of extreme self-sacrifice.

Science.gov (United States)

Whitehouse, Harvey

2018-02-07

Whether upheld as heroic or reviled as terrorism, throughout history people have been willing to lay down their lives for the sake of their groups. Why? Previous theories of extreme self-sacrifice have highlighted a range of seemingly disparate factors such as collective identity, outgroup hostility, and kin psychology. This paper attempts to integrate many of these factors into a single overarching theory based on several decades of collaborative research with a range of special populations, from tribes in Papua New Guinea to Libyan insurgents, and from Muslim fundamentalists in Indonesia to Brazilian football hooligans. These studies suggest that extreme self-sacrifice is motivated by 'identity fusion', a visceral sense of oneness with the group resulting from intense collective experiences (e.g. painful rituals or the horrors of frontline combat) or from perceptions of shared biology. In ancient foraging societies, fusion would have enabled warlike bands to stand united despite strong temptations to scatter and flee. The fusion mechanism has often been exploited in cultural rituals, not only by tribal societies but also in specialized cells embedded in armies, cults, and terrorist organizations. With the rise of social complexity and the spread of states and empires, fusion has also been extended to much larger groups, including doctrinal religions, ethnicities, and ideological movements. Explaining extreme self-sacrifice is not only a scientific priority but also a practical challenge as we seek a collective response to suicide terrorism and other extreme expressions of outgroup hostility that continue to bedevil humanity today.

“It's not very feminine to have a mustache”

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pfister, Gertrud Ursula; Rømer, Kristine

2017-01-01

by society's femininity norms. Many of them perceived their bodies as “different” because of the symptoms of PCOS, namely, hirsutism. They used different strategies to live up to body ideals and cope with the symptoms. However, hirsutism had a decisive negative influence on the women's everyday lives...

Repensando o Complexo de Édipo e a Formação do Superego na Contemporaneidade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sandra Aparecida Serra Zanetti

Full Text Available Resumo O presente artigo é um estudo teórico acerca da evolução do conceito de complexo de Édipo, em torno do qual se organiza a vida psíquica dos seres humanos. A reflexão em pauta pretende demonstrar o modo como o constructo pode estar sofrendo influências distintas, tendo em vista as mudanças socioculturais desde a modernidade e, consequentemente, nas formas de organização da família. Para tal, foram utilizados textos contemporâneos que trazem considerações sobre possíveis reformulações deste conceito e, posteriormente, contribuições do referencial teórico kaesiano para a reflexão sobre o tema. Sabe-se que a sociedade contemporânea convive com a ausência de autoridades rígidas e regras ditadas, o que convoca o sujeito a construir suas próprias referências e elaborar suas próprias normas. Nesta nova configuração, o poder encontra-se horizontalizado, não correspondendo mais ao pai, o que pode acarretar em fragilidades e interferir numa organização psíquica em torno do complexo de Édipo e da formação do superego, levando ao afloramento de mecanismos de defesas pobres em capacidades de simbolização.

Physiotherapy - a feminine profession.

Science.gov (United States)

Short, S D

1986-01-01

The female-dominated professions in health care are not as powerful as the male-dominated medical profession. This paper suggests that the key factor in shaping the discrepancies in pay, status and power between medicine and the female-dominated professions is gender. It is argued that physiotherapy developed as a profession for middle-class women and that family responsibilities continue to take priority over professional responsibilities for the majority of physiotherapists. Physiotherapy enjoys higher occupational prestige than social work, speech therapy, occupational therapy and nursing and it is suggested that physiotherapy has achieved this status through recruitment of women from middle and upper middle class backgrounds. The history of physiotherapy is the history of a middle class feminine profession. Copyright © 1986 Australian Physiotherapy Association. Published by . All rights reserved.

“Having it All” on Social Media: Entrepreneurial Femininity and Self-Branding Among Fashion Bloggers

OpenAIRE

Brooke Erin Duffy; Emily Hund

2015-01-01

Against the backdrop of the widespread individualization of the creative workforce, various genres of social media production have emerged from the traditionally feminine domains of fashion, beauty, domesticity, and craft. Fashion blogging, in particular, is considered one of the most commercially successful and publicly visible forms of digital cultural production. To explore how fashion bloggers represent their branded personae as enterprising feminine subjects, we conducted a qualitative a...

Kafka and sacrifice

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Peter Speedwell

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The author explores the central importance of death in Bakhtin’s carnival and notes that death is joyfully accepted as it gets rid of the old and makes space for the new. Death for Bakhtin is “life’s regeneration”. But in many societies both simple and sophisticated this is not the case. Here we deal with a sacrificial logic where death is feared and displaced onto a sacrificial victim who is killed for the benefit of the majority. Although we like to think of modern society as being beyond sacrifice we see it in many cultural formations. The author uses anthropology as an interpretive key to explain the story of Franz Kafka’s Metamorphosis. Indeed the Metamorphosis reads like a purificatory rite in which one member of the social group (a family becomes a monster (the insect, literally and is slowly but systematically rejected by the other members of his family. In the end, Gregor the insect/family member who has become a kind of filthy cockroach, dies to save his family from further disgust. His body is disposed of anonymously. At the end of the story we see Gregor’s sister has bloomed into adolescence and so (without doing too much damage to the text we can interpret the story as a kind of spring purification right to discard the bad and the rotten and bring in the good and the fertile.

"A battle between lust and loathing": the interplay between masculinity and femininity in Zakes Mda's The Madonna of Excelsior

OpenAIRE

Crous, Marius

2010-01-01

In this essay the emphasis is on the interplay between masculinity and femininity and in particular that of white masculinity versus black femininity, as well as the role played by black female sexuality in the formation of masculine identity in a rural setting in apartheid South Africa. The essay also looks at the representation of the female body and the role of the female body as site of contestation of socio-political assumptions about masculinity and femininity. The text under discussion...

I gave too much: Low self-esteem and the regret of sacrifices.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Righetti, F.; Visserman, M.L.

2017-01-01

Low self-esteem is often related to interpersonal difficulties. In fact, low self-esteem people fear rejection and tend to adopt self-protection goals. In the present work, we tested the idea that when low self-esteem individuals decide to sacrifice personal preferences for their relationship, they

Generational Differences in Internalized Transnegativity and Psychological Distress Among Feminine Spectrum Transgender People.

Science.gov (United States)

Jackman, Kasey B; Dolezal, Curtis; Bockting, Walter O

2018-01-01

This study examined internalized transnegativity and psychological distress in two age groups of transgender individuals who identified their gender identity on the feminine spectrum (rather than congruent with their male sex assigned at birth). Due to greater visibility and acceptance of gender diversity in the United States, we hypothesized that internalized transnegativity would be lower in the younger compared with the older group, and that the younger generation would, therefore, report lower levels of psychological distress than the older generation. The study sample consisted of trans-feminine individuals (N = 440) who completed a online survey of the U.S. transgender population and comprised a younger group aged 18-24 years (n = 133) and an older group aged 40 years and older (n = 307). Internalized transnegativity was assessed using the Transgender Identity Survey, and psychological distress was assessed with the Brief Symptom Inventory 18. We used regression and mediation analysis to examine differences between the two groups. Contrary to our expectations, the older group reported significantly lower levels of both internalized transnegativity and psychological distress compared with the younger group. Internalized transnegativity partially mediated the relationship between age group and psychological distress. Despite greater visibility of transgender people and increasing acceptance of gender diversity in the United States, the younger trans-feminine individuals reported more psychological distress than the older transfeminine individuals, which was, in part, related to internalized transnegativity. Trans-feminine individuals may benefit from culturally sensitive and clinically competent mental health services to alleviate internalized transnegativity and psychological distress.

MORAL HARASSMENT DURING WORK AND FEMININE VULNERABILITY

OpenAIRE

Silva, Sarah Cristina Andrade; Universidade de Franca - UNIFRAN; Bittar, Cléria Maria; Universidade de Franca - UNIFRAN

2012-01-01

Current investigation is a bibliographical review on feminine vulnerability with regard to moral harassment. Moral harassment is defined as all vexation during work, especially when a hierarchy between people has been established. Horizontal moral harassment among people of the same occupation, although it exists, is more difficult to be proved in court. Literature shows that victims of moral harassment may be women and men but research in Brazil and in other countries reveals that most victi...

Basic requirements for the successful implementation of the “feminine leadership” style in Croatian enterprises

OpenAIRE

Nina Pološki

2001-01-01

The “feminine leadership” style, characterized by cooperation, participation, sharing of power and information, teamwork, energizing others, enhancing self-worth of others, etc., is a leadership style of the future. As such, it has to be highly used in today’s organizations. Furthermore, many contemporary surveys have shown that women are primary holders of the “feminine leadership” style. That is why today’s organizations should hire more women, especially for management jobs. However, altho...

Relationship of Masculinity-Femininity to Dependency and Self-Esteem.

Science.gov (United States)

Kameya, Mary Morris; Nadelman, Lorraine

Unconscious masculinity-femininity, dependency and self-esteem were respectively measured, in two group-testing sessions per child, by the short form of the Franck Drawing Completion Test, the Group Personality Projective Test, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Subjects were 122 sixth and seventh grade white working-class boys and girls from an…

Technology and Gender: Differences in Masculine and Feminine Views.

Science.gov (United States)

Brunner, Cornelia; Bennett, Dorothy

1997-01-01

The feminine attitude toward technology looks through Learning Environments for Today's Classroom machinery to its social function; the masculine view focuses more on the machine. Presenting technology as an end in itself turns most young women off. Exploring whether new technology solves a social problem, rather than celebrating speed or power,…

Do the BSRI and PAQ really measure masculinity and femininity?

Science.gov (United States)

Fernández, Juan; Coello, Ma Teresa

2010-11-01

The two most used instruments to assess masculinity (M) and femininity (F) are the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) and the Personality Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ). Two hypotheses will be tested: a) multidimensionality versus bidimensionality, and b) to what extent the two instruments, elaborated to measure the same constructs, classify subjects in the same way. Participants were 420 high school students, 198 women and 222 men, aged 12-15 years. Exploratory factor analysis and internal consistency analysis were carried out and log-linear models were tested. The data support a) the multidimensionality of both instruments and b) the lack of full concordance in the classification of persons according to the fourfold typology. Implications of the results are discussed regarding the supposed theory behind instrumentality/ expressiveness and masculinity/femininity, as well as for the use of both instruments to classify different subjects into the four distinct types.

Femininity, Masculinity and Androgyny in Male and Female Alcoholics.

Science.gov (United States)

Griffin, Jean; And Others

While sex-role identification and conflict have been cited as factors in alcoholism, only a few studies have used the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) to measure the feminine, masculine, and androgynous traits of alcoholics. One such study was replicated by having subjects rate both their real and ideal selves. A randomized factorial analysis used…

The Woman in the Mirror: Imaging the Filipino Woman in Short Stories in English by Filipino Woman Authors

OpenAIRE

Veronico Nogales Tarrayo

2015-01-01

This paper attempted to draw the image of the Filipino woman as depicted by female protagonists in selected short stories in English (1925-1986) written by Filipino woman authors. Specifically, the paper aimed to answer the following questions: (1) How are female protagonists depicted in the selected short stories written by Filipino woman authors? What are their virtues, vices, passions, and struggles?; and (2) What roles do these female protagonists play in the Philippine society? A vir...

Changing Women: The Cross-Currents of American Indian Feminine Identity.

Science.gov (United States)

Tsosie, Rebecca

1988-01-01

Examines the writings of contemporary American Indian women with regard to Euro-American stereotypes and their own concepts of femininity and Indian identity. Relates these writings to the social history of American Indians, traditional beliefs, and the autobiographical experiences of early twentieth century Indian women. Contains 32 references.…

The Effect of Masculinity/Femininity and Pupil Size on Rapid, Unconscious Appraisals of Male Facial Attractiveness

OpenAIRE

Fitzgerald, Kate

2007-01-01

Olsen and Marshuetz (2005) claim that attractiveness is such an important attribute that it can be appraised within 13ms, at an unconscious level. The current study aimed to replicate Olsen and Marshuetz's (2005) findings whilst introducing two previously reported cues of attractiveness as variables; facial masculinity/femininity and pupil size. If Olsen and Marshuetz's (2005) claims were correct, what effect would a variation in the masculinity/femininity or pupil size of a ...

Higher levels of state depression in masculine than in feminine nations

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Arrindell, W.A.; Steptoe, A.; Wardle, J.

Studies using identical measures have identified different levels of depression in different countries or cultures. Until now, however, explanations for such differences, other than methodological ones, have not been empirically addressed. It was hypothesized and found that soft or feminine nations

Undead Blond Hair in the Victorian Imagination: The Hungarian Roots of Bram Stoker’s "The Secret of the Growing Gold"

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abigail Heiniger

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The Hungarian folktale “Woman with Hair of Gold” is a part of what Nina Auerbach calls feminine mythos in Woman and the Demon. It is a story about the murder and revenge of a “very strange but beautiful woman with golden hair as fine as spun gold.” This paper explores how Bram Stoker’s short story “The Secret of the Growing Gold” reworks this folktale, stripping away its uniquely feminine voice, to create a story expressing British Victorian racial anxieties. The message of Teutonic superiority, which Stoker links with Hungarian folklore, is this author’s most dangerous and nefarious fiction.

Disinflation in a DSGE Perspective: Sacrifice Ratio or Welfare Gain Ratio?

OpenAIRE

Guido Ascari; Tiziano Ropele

2009-01-01

When used to examine disinflation monetary policies, the current workhorse dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model of business cycle fluctuations is able to quantitatively account for the main stylized facts in terms of recessionary effects and sacrifice ratio. We complement the transitional analysis of the short-run costs with a rigorous welfare evaluation and show that, despite the long-lasting economic downturn, disinflation entails non-zero overall welfare gains.

Discourses of masculinity, femininity and sexuality in Uganda's Stand Proud, Get Circumcised campaign.

Science.gov (United States)

Rudrum, Sarah; Oliffe, John L; Benoit, Cecilia

2017-02-01

This paper analyses discourses of masculinity, femininity and sexuality in Stand Proud, Get Circumcised, a public health campaign promoting circumcision as an HIV-prevention strategy in Uganda. The campaign includes posters highlighting the positive reactions of women to circumcised men, and is intended to support the national rollout of voluntary medical male circumcision. We offer a critical discourse analysis of representations of masculinity, femininity and sexuality in relation to HIV prevention. The campaign materials have a playful feel and, in contrast to ABC (Abstain, Be faithful, Use condoms) campaigns, acknowledge the potential for pre-marital and extra-marital sex. However, these posters exploit male anxieties about appearance and performance, drawing on hegemonic masculinity to promote circumcision as an idealised body aesthetic. Positioning women as the campaign's face reasserts a message that women are the custodians of family health and simultaneously perpetuates a norm of estrangement between men and their health. The wives' slogan, 'we have less chance of getting HIV', is misleading, because circumcision only directly prevents female-to-male HIV transmission. Reaffirming hegemonic notions of appearance- and performance-based heterosexual masculinity reproduces existing unsafe norms about masculinity, femininity and sexuality. In selling male circumcision, the posters fail to promote an overall HIV-prevention message.

Da religião do sacrifício à religião da fraternidade =From the religion of sacrifice to the religion of fraternity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Susin, Luiz Carlos

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Há uma relação entre religião e violência que consiste basicamente em sacralização da violência através da sublimação da mesma como sacrifício. Ora, o sacrifício está no coração de toda religião, de forma descarada nas religiões arcaicas e de forma metamorfoseada e mascarada na evolução histórica da religião. A Escritura testemunha as ambiguidades do sacrifício e o choque profético entre o sacrifício e a misericórdia. O Cristianismo, em sua fonte, é a superação radical do sacrifício, mas, ao longo da história, novas metamorfoses do sacrifício surgem no Cristianismo. É a volta às fontes e a renovação de sua experiência na confraternização universal, testada pelos excluídos, que legitimam a originalidade do Cristianismo e um sentido realmente cristão para a palavra sacrifício. There is a relation between religion and violence that consists basically in making violence sacred through its sublimation as a sacrifice. Therefore, sacrifice is at the heart of all religion, in a blatant way in archaic religions and in a metamorphosed and masked way in the historical evolution of religion. The Scriptures witness the ambiguities of sacrifice and the prophetic shock between sacrifice and mercy. Christianity, in its origin, is the radical overcoming of sacrifice, but throughout history new ways sacrifice has metamorphosed appear in Christianity. It’s the return to the sources and the renewal of this experience in universal fellowship, tested by those excluded, who legitimate the uniqueness of Christianity and a true Christian meaning to the word sacrifice.

Momaday, Welch, and Silko: Expressing the Feminine Principle through Male Alienation.

Science.gov (United States)

Antell, Judith A.

1988-01-01

Examines common themes in three Native American novels by N. Scott Momaday, James Welch, and Leslie Silko: the power of Indian women's femaleness, and reintegration of the alienated male protagonist through ancient rituals that awaken the realization of the feminine principle within himself. (SV)

Feminine hygiene practices among female patients and nurses in Lebanon.

Science.gov (United States)

Attieh, Elie; Maalouf, Samer; Roumieh, Dina; Abdayem, Pamela; AbiTayeh, Georges; Kesrouani, Assaad

2016-05-23

Inappropriate feminine hygiene practices are related to vulvovaginitis. We investigated the prevalence of personal hygiene habits among Lebanese women as well as their awareness of adequate practices. Consists of a cross-sectional observational study. Female patients and nurses at Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital in Beirut- Lebanon filled a questionnaire about their intimate hygiene habits and knowledge of proper practices. The study included 249 women. 21.3 % of the 136 nurses and 38.9 % of the 113 patients reported a history of vulvovaginitis. The majority of women took an intimate bath at least twice daily. 14 % of nurses and 17 % of patients douched.20. Seven percent of the nurses and 43.4 % of the patients used wet wipes. 1.5 % of nurses and 4.4 % of patients used feminine deodorant sprays. There was a significant lack of awareness mainly among patients about suitable hygiene practices as well for their adverse effects. Education provided by nurses, and other healthcare providers is essential to promote reproductive health among Lebanese women.

从虚假的女性到真正的女性--伊丽格蕾女性主义哲学基础之探析%From Unreal Feminine to Real Feminine--Analysis of the philosophical Fundamental of Irigaray’ s Feminism

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

王继

2014-01-01

On the basis of inheriting the gender theory of former psychoanalysts and feminists, Irigaray deeply analyzes the neglected condition of feminine in western cultural tradition of the onefold patriarchy and its inner cause.She thinks that the radical cause is that feminine is always regarded as the reflector of identical culture of masculine and does not have her own special discourse system. So feminine is just an unreal person, and the real feminine is covered. From this viewpoint Irigaray takes the approval of sexual difference as her theoretical base.She considers that only on the foundation of defining the feminine particular body and sexual experience can the feminine own real subject position and special discourse model.Thus the feminine could harmoniously develop with masculine in equality which is founded on sexual difference.%伊丽格蕾在继承之前精神分析学家和女性主义者关于性别理论的基础上，深入地分析了西方在单一性父权文化传统中女性被遗忘的状态及其内在原因，认为根本原因在于女性始终被作为男性同一性文化的反射镜，而没有获得自身独特的话语体制，因此，女性只是虚假的位格，真正的女性被遮蔽了。以此为契机伊丽格蕾将肯定性别差异作为自己的理论基点，认为只有在界定了女性独特的身体和性体验的基础上女性才能真正获得主体地位和独特的话语模式，从而与男性在有差异的平等中和谐共生。

HIV prevalence and demographic determinants of condomless receptive anal intercourse among trans feminine individuals in Beirut, Lebanon

OpenAIRE

Rachel L Kaplan; Justine McGowan; Glenn J Wagner

2016-01-01

Introduction: Growing evidence suggests increased HIV incidence in the Middle East and North Africa among “key populations.” To date, epidemiological data have not accurately included and measured HIV prevalence and risk among trans feminine individuals in the region. Through the lens of the Gender Affirmation Framework, we assessed demographic correlates of risk behaviour and the prevalence of HIV among trans feminine individuals in Lebanon. Methods: Long-chain referral sampling was used to ...

The Woman Reader in the “Feminine Press” of the XIX c. A Comparative Study between Biblioteca de señoritas [Ladies´ Library] (1858-1859 and La Mujer [Woman] (1878-1881

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristina Gil Medina

2016-07-01

Full Text Available In the mid XIX century, press in Colombia began to focus on a new type of reader: women. This initiative required a new outlook in the administration of periodical publications, evidenced in their materiality, contents, editorials, topics, writing genres, among other aspects. In this way, each publication accounted for the ideological orientation that guided it, and in this way, expressed a particular conception of woman, her role in society and consequently, the figure of ideal reader that it pretended to construct.

Sacrifice zones: the front lines of toxic chemical exposure in the United States

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Lerner, Steve

2010-01-01

... States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lerner, Steve. Sacrifice zones: the front lines of toxic chemical exposure in the United States / Steve Lerner. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-262-01440-3 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Environmental toxicology- United States- Case studies. 2. Che...

Following the Traces of Feminine Writing in Adrienne Rich’s Poems

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nodeh Soghra

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The phallogocentric structure of language privileges the male in construction of meaning throughout the patriarchal history which allows no place for feminine writing. Opposing what Lacan calls as phallogocentric discourse, poststructuralist feminists exhort to what Cixous terms as “écriture feminine” as the inscription of female difference in language and text. Therefore, viewing women's difference as a source (of imagery rather than a point of inferiority to men, Rich rediscovers female experiences in her poems through using “écriture feminine” and thus exhibits the productivity and plurality of women’s language. Hence, the present study, looking from the perspective of Cixous’s “écriture feminine,” aims at analyzing female modes of writing in Rich’s poems. The main finding of the research is that, through using genuine female forms of expression as opposed to phallogocentric structure of expression, Rich brings into being the symbolic weight of female consciousness, illustrating the oppressive forces that obstruct female expression.

The writing of Mina Loy between the feminine figurations in the late 19th century

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Lucas Bento Pugliesi

2017-12-01

Full Text Available This papper will deal with the ambivalence of Mina Loy's thought as presented on her poems and on the Feminist Manifesto, understanding it as a response to European psychology from the turn of the nineteenth century to the twentieth century, especially the conceptions of the feminine by Otto Weininger. In this way, it is intended to understand how a poetic form already carries in itself something of an invective against the masculine way (DERRIDA, 1993 to value the knowledge, which Loy intends to destroy in favor of positive affirmations of a feminine identity.

Ghetto Fabulous: Reading Black Adolescent Femininity in Contemporary Urban Street Fiction

Science.gov (United States)

Marshall, Elizabeth; Staples, Jeanine; Gibson, Simone

2009-01-01

In this article the authors provide a general overview of the controversies associated with urban street fiction, a brief introduction to the genre and an introduction to the complex representations of Black adolescent femininity within two contemporary titles, "Black and Ugly" (Styles, 2006) and "Bitch" (King, 2006). The authors provide a…

Femininity, neoliberalism and popular culture: the depolitization of feminism

OpenAIRE

Esquirol, Meritxell

2015-01-01

This thesis intends to analyze the logics of representation of contemporary femininity in the popular imagery that has instrumentalized feminism. Such is the case of the transmedia narrative The Twilight Saga, the cultural franchise of 50 Shades of Grey, and TV fiction Girls. All of these cultural products have earned an important position in contemporary cultural consumption, invite a form of cultural participation closely linked to the consumer industry, and propose female ideals characteri...

Primary amenorrhea in anorexia nervosa: impact on characteristic masculine and feminine traits.

Science.gov (United States)

Baker, Jessica H; Sisk, Cheryl L; Thornton, Laura M; Brandt, Harry; Crawford, Steven; Fichter, Manfred M; Halmi, Katherine A; Johnson, Craig; Jones, Ian; Kaplan, Allan S; Mitchell, James E; Strober, Michael; Treasure, Janet; Woodside, D Blake; Berrettini, Wade H; Kaye, Walter H; Bulik, Cynthia M; Klump, Kelly L

2014-01-01

Animal studies indicate that gonadal hormones at puberty have an effect on the development of masculine and feminine traits. However, it is unknown whether similar processes occur in humans. We examined whether women with anorexia nervosa (AN), who often experience primary amenorrhea, exhibit attenuated feminization in their psychological characteristics in adulthood due to the decrease/absence of gonadal hormones at puberty. Women with AN were compared on a number of psychological characteristics using general linear models on the basis of the presence/absence of primary amenorrhea. Although women with primary amenorrhea exhibited lower anxiety scores than those without primary amenorrhea, in general, results did not provide evidence of attenuated feminization in women with AN with primary amenorrhea. Future research should utilize novel techniques and direct hormone measurement to explore the effects of pubertal gonadal hormones on masculine and feminine traits. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.

The woman I love and the woman I cannot live without.

Science.gov (United States)

Bergmann, Martin S

2013-10-01

The relationship between love and the symbiotic phase of childhood is explored from a new angle in terms of a conflict between "the woman I love" and "the woman I cannot live without." Love requires dependency, but it can also lead to giving up independent existence; then it becomes inimical to the relationship.

THE COMMUNICATION MIX ADRESSED TO THE FEMININE SEGMENT. CASE STUDY ON THE ROMANIAN MARKET OF COSMETIC PRODUCTS

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CLAUDIA ELENA PAICU

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Currently, the female segment represents a genuine power in terms of consumer behavior. We can certainly argue that the feminine segment is no longer just a market niche. We can relate to this segment as the majority. To support this idea, we consider the data provided by the National Institute of Statistics. According to these statistics, the female segment sums up 51.4% of the total population, an increase being recorded in the last 10 years, from just over 50% to more than 51%. Therefore, it is not wrong to claim that feminine segment holds the majority in terms of consumer behavior. In this context, the female consumer’s preferences and needs should be integrated into all the communication strategies of organizations. The present study aims to see to what extent, at present, an attention is paid to this segment, proposing as an example a study in an area addressed in a high percentage to the feminine segment, the market of cosmetic products.

Cross-cultural validity of the masculine and Feminine Gender Role Stress scales

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Well, S; Kolk, AM; Arrindell, WA

The objective was to examine the usefulness of Dutch versions of the Masculine Gender Role Stress (MGRS; Eisler & Skidmore, 1987) Scale and the Feminine Gender Role Stress (Gillespie & Eisler, 1992) Scale in The Netherlands. Undergraduate students (N = 2,239) completed both gender role stress

Being Boys, Being Girls: learning masculinities and femininities

OpenAIRE

Paechter, Carrie F.

2007-01-01

What is it like being a boy or a girl?\\ud How do boys and girls learn to be men and women?\\ud How do families, schools and children’s peer groups influence the ways in which children think of themselves as male and female?\\ud Being Boys, Being Girls explores how boys and girls learn what it is to be male and female. Drawing on a wide range of studies from around the world, the book examines how masculinities and femininities are developed and understood by children and young people in familie...

Women, sex and marriage. Restraint as a feminine strategy.

Science.gov (United States)

Kishwar, M

1997-01-01

The expression of sexuality varies in different cultures, and most societies attempt to control sexuality through the institution of marriage. In the West, the availability of cheap, effective contraceptives separated sex from reproduction and promoted the sexual liberation of women. Today, while divorce is common, sexually liberated people nevertheless engage in a form of serial monogamy. Sexual liberation in the West causes women to be exploited by men and creates instability in nuclear families. In India, feminism is tempered by a belief that familial rights have precedence over individual rights. India women practice sexual self-denial after being widowed to protect their children and to gain power and respect in the community. The power of chastity was illustrated by Mahatma Gandhi who marshalled his spiritual forces to fight for independence. The stories of many individual women illustrate how they attain status and prestige through chastity. Other women maintain absolute marital faithfulness as a marital strategy to control wayward husbands. These women deemphasize their roles as wives and emphasize their roles as mothers. The children of such women often recognize their sacrifices and become their strongest allies. On the other hand, examples of women who have chosen sexual freedom show that such a choice places them at the mercy of men, makes them social outcasts, and causes other women to distrust them as competitors for their husbands. In patriarchal societies, women can not win if they try to mimic men's capacity for irresponsible sex. Sexual freedom can only work for women in matrilineal communities that shun marriage in favor of strong ties within a woman's natal family. Indian women rooted in the extended family enjoy the resilience and flexibility attendant upon playing a larger role than simply pleasing men. Opting for sexual restraint can be an effective though costly strategy to achieve the sympathy and support of an extended family when a man is

Analisis Kontrastif Perspektif Bahasa dan Budaya terhadap Distingsi Gender Maskulin Versus Feminin dalam Bahasa Arab dan Bahasa Indonesia

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Tajudin Nur

2012-08-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses the reflection of gender in Arabic and Indonesian languages and then connects it to their each cultural contexts. Gender in Arabic grammar is important subcategory that distinguishes between masculine and feminine in almost every part of speech, whereas gender in Indonesian is not an important subcategory. After data analysis through comparison and elaboration phases obtained the following results: (1 the gender markers in Arabic are dominated by the grammatical markers, while the gender markers in Indonesian are dominated by the lexical markers and if it not significant the gender markers in Indonesian are not presented, and (2 Arabic strictly applies the gender system and is closely related to the rules of concord (agreement, while Indonesian loosely does it and does not own the rules of conformity. The distinction of gender system between the two languages shows the different of cultural system also. Based on social structure system, the Arab society emphasizes the gender segregation like man versus woman, while the society of Indonesia emphasizes the age and status distinctions. Based on genetic relationship system, the Arab people tend to be individual, while the Indonesian people tend to have mutual cooperation and collectiveness. Based on cultural system, the Arab people applying strict patriarchy, while the Indonesian people applying loose patriarchy.

Effects of feminine hygiene products on the vaginal mucosal biome

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Raina N. Fichorova

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Background: Over-the-counter (OTC feminine hygiene products come with little warning about possible side effects. This study evaluates in-vitro their effects on Lactobacillus crispatus, which is dominant in the normal vaginal microbiota and helps maintain a healthy mucosal barrier essential for normal reproductive function and prevention of sexually transmitted infections and gynecologic cancer. Methods: A feminine moisturizer (Vagisil, personal lubricant, and douche were purchased OTC. A topical spermicide (nonoxynol-9 known to alter the vaginal immune barrier was used as a control. L. crispatus was incubated with each product for 2 and 24h and then seeded on agar for colony forming units (CFU. Human vaginal epithelial cells were exposed to products in the presence or absence of L. crispatus for 24h, followed by epithelium-associated CFU enumeration. Interleukin-8 was immunoassayed and ANOVA was used for statistical evaluation. Results: Nonoxynol-9 and Vagisil suppressed Lactobacillus growth at 2h and killed all bacteria at 24h. The lubricant decreased bacterial growth insignificantly at 2h but killed all at 24h. The douche did not have a significant effect. At full strength, all products suppressed epithelial viability and all, except the douche, suppressed epithelial-associated CFU. When applied at non-toxic dose in the absence of bacteria, the douche and moisturizer induced an increase of IL-8, suggesting a potential to initiate inflammatory reaction. In the presence of L. crispatus, the proinflammatory effects of the douche and moisturizer were countered, and IL-8 production was inhibited in the presence of the other products. Conclusion: Some OTC vaginal products may be harmful to L. crispatus and alter the vaginal immune environment. Illustrated through these results, L. crispatus is essential in the preservation of the function of vaginal epithelial cells in the presence of some feminine hygiene products. More research should be invested

Constructions of masculinity and femininity and sexual risk negotiation practices among women in urban Ghana.

Science.gov (United States)

Fiaveh, Daniel Y; Izugbara, Chimaraoke O; Okyerefo, Michael P K; Reysoo, Fenneke; Fayorsey, Clara K

2015-01-01

Using qualitative data gathered through in-depth interviews with women in Accra, Ghana, this paper explores narratives of masculinity and femininity and sexual risk negotiation practices among women. While women framed 'proper' masculinity in terms of stereotypical reproductive norms, they also acknowledged the fluidity and multiplicity of masculinities. Femininity was more uniformly characterised in terms of physical attractiveness and beauty, responsibility and reproduction. These features, especially those related to adherence to morally and socially appropriate sexual norms (e.g., menstrual and bodily hygiene, unplanned pregnancy etc.), influenced women's approach to sexual negotiation. Work aiming to support women to negotiate sex safely needs to pay attention to their notions of gender and practices of sexual negotiation.

Promiscuity is related to masculine and feminine body traits in both men and women: evidence from Brazilian and Czech samples.

Science.gov (United States)

Varella, Marco Antonio Correa; Valentova, Jaroslava Varella; Pereira, Kamila Janaina; Bussab, Vera Silvia Raad

2014-11-01

One of the possible explanations for human within-sex variation in promiscuity stems from conditional strategies dependent on the level of body sex-dimorphism. There is some evidence that masculine men and feminine women are more promiscuous than their sex-atypical counterparts, although mixed results persist. Moreover, another line of evidence shows that more promiscuous women are rather sex-atypical. We tested whether diverse sex-dimorphic body measures (2D:4D, WHR/WSR, handgrip strength, and height and weight) influence sociosexual desires, attitudes, promiscuous behavior, and age of first intercourse in a sex-typical or sex-atypical direction. Participants were 185 young adults, 51 men and 54 women from Brazil, and 40 men and 40 women from the Czech Republic. In men stronger handgrip and more feminine 2D:4D predicted higher sociosexual behaviors, desires, and lower age of the first sexual intercourse. While in women, sociosexual desires were predicted by lower handgrip strength and more feminine 2D:4D. It thus seems that it is rather a mixture of masculine and feminine traits in men, and feminine traits in women that increase their sociosexuality. Masculine traits (height) predicting female promiscuous behavior were specific for only one population. In conclusion, a mosaic combination of sex-typical but also sex-atypical independent body traits can lead to higher promiscuity, particularly in men. Limitations, implications, and future directions for research are considered. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Neotropical Behaviour. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Femininity and Depression Mediated by Social and Relational Aggression in Late Adolescence

Science.gov (United States)

Kolbert, Jered B.; Field, Julaine E.; Crothers, Laura M.; Schreiber, James B.

2010-01-01

Although studies have found a relation between the use of relational aggression and depressive symptomatology, there is less evidence for the relation of the role of gender identity in these processes. Consequently, this study investigated the roles of social and relational aggression and feminine gender role identity in depressive symptoms among…

Menyoal Jenis Kelamin Allah dalam Perspektif Teologi Feminis: Menuju Teologi yang Lebih Berkeadilan terhadap Perempuan

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Christian Siregar

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Gender inequality is often regarded as a divine creation (everything comes from God, or commonly known, already by nature. This is where the Christian theology actually gets a touchstone. Because theology should be a critical reflection religion on factual issues faced by the public, so that it should talk not only about the concept of invicible God, but also that metaphysical translated into social issues—particularly women's issues. At that point, theology of woman is a theology which explores the feminine aspects of God for the sake of gender equality. This study attempted to trace the theological dimensions of women as well as exploring the feminine attributes of God so that gender equality can be realized, or at least theology does not fold its eyes, or theology is to be fair to the existence of woman. This research is a literature study using representative literature data and relevant to the object of research. Research used philosophical approach with descriptive-analytic-critical method by doing interpretation, extrapolation, the meaning of the data in reaching a conclusion. Results showed that the lowering of woman feminine quality is equivalent to neglect the feminine quality of God. On that basis, gender discrimination actually has no theological justification, but is a denial of the reality of God as a whole. The reason is gender relations are impressively has been represented by God. 

Correlates of Female Athletic Participation: Masculinity, Femininity, Self-Esteem, and Attitudes toward Women.

Science.gov (United States)

Colker, Ruth; Widom, Cathy Spatz

1980-01-01

Investigates self-esteem, psychological masculinity and femininity, and attitudes toward women of female athletes in an attempt to examine the validity of various stereotypes and to investigate potential subgroup distinctions based on sport played, level of commitment to athletics, and experience. (Author)

ANALIZA COMPARATIVĂ A UNOR PARAMETRI DIN SEDIMENTUL URINAR LA SUBIECŢI DE SEX FEMININ ŞI MASCULIN

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MARIOARA NICOLETA FILIMON

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Examinarea sedimentului urinar este necesară în oferirea de informaţii despre buna funcţionare a rinichilor, a întregului organism şi în depistarea posibilelor afecţiuni renale. S-a luat în studiu un lot de 129 subiecţi de sex faminin (83 şi masculin (46, la care li s-a determinat numărul de hematii, leucocite şi celule epiteliale din sedimentul urinar. Valorile obţinute au fost prelucrate statistic cu ajutorul programului statistic Minitab pentru a putea stabili daca exista sau nu diferenţe la cele 2 lotuir de subiecţi analizaţi. Numărul de hematii şi leucocite din sedimentul urinar al subiecţilor testaţi nu prezintă diferenţe semnificative la subiecţii de sex masculin şi feminin, pe când numărul celulelor epiteliale înregistrează diferenţe foarte semnificative la cele 2 sexe cu valori mai mari în cazul subiecţilor de sex feminin. Incidenţa leucocitelor în sedimentul urinar ala subiecţilor de sex masculin este mai mare decât la cei de sex feminin, la care predomină celulele epiteliale. Valoarea crescută a numărului de leucocite şi prezenţa florei bacteriene în sedimentul urinar la subiecţii de sex feminin şi masculin testaţi indică infecţii urinare.

Woman! Work like an ant, act like a man, but remain a woman!

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Lawrence

work like an ant, act like a man and stay like a woman! A woman has a lot of ... tered Fergusson college in Pune with the idea of pursuing math- ematics. Later ... students taking higher education and particularly Physics was very small at that ...

Review: Lesa Lockford (2004. Performing Femininity: Rewriting Gender Identity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mary Gergen

2006-03-01

Full Text Available Performing Femininity is composed of a series of performances presented by the author to a varied audience, from customers at a strip club in New Orleans to a university class, in which a feminist history "Spin the Bottle" game was an integral part. Challenging the dominant discourse of feminist theorists, LOCKFORD looks for strength and liberatory possibilities in what appear to be forms of abjection. Traditional topics of embodiment are rediscovered in this provocative book. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0602130

Negotiating Middle-class Respectable Femininity: Bangladeshi Women and their Families

OpenAIRE

Hussein, Nazia

2017-01-01

Using qualitative data, this article explains how affluent urban and new middle-class women in Bangladesh reconstruct the notion of respectable femininity within the family. The normative conception of middle-class women’s respectability is measured against women prioritizing family above work by performing their domestic, care, and socializing roles and by maintaining moral propriety. Using Bourdieu’s theory of capitals and Lamont’s formulation of boundary work, I demonstrate that by reinsta...

Influence of gender role orientation (masculinity versus femininity) on body satisfaction and eating attitudes in homosexuals, heterosexuals and transsexuals.

Science.gov (United States)

Cella, Stefania; Iannaccone, Mara; Cotrufo, Paolo

2013-06-01

The primary aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between gender role orientation and eating disorder attitudes and behaviors and body dissatisfaction in a sample of homosexuals, heterosexuals, and transsexuals. We screened 132 homosexuals, 178 heterosexuals (both male and female), and 15 MtF transsexuals by means of an ad hoc socio-demographic schedule; the Eating Disorders Inventory-2 and Symptom Checklist; the Body Uneasiness Test and the Bem Sex Role Inventory. Differences between homosexual, heterosexual, and transsexual participants emerged, but those data seem to be best explained by the constructs of femininity and masculinity than by the biological gender. The empirical evidence of a positive correlation between femininity and eating problems, and the negative correlation between masculinity and eating problems, is full of implications. Eating disorders appear to be diseases of femininity; masculinity seems to be a protective factor, independently by the biological gender.

Gendered mental disorders: masculine and feminine stereotypes about mental disorders and their relation to stigma.

Science.gov (United States)

Boysen, Guy; Ebersole, Ashley; Casner, Robert; Coston, Nykhala

2014-01-01

Research indicates that stereotypes can intersect. For example, the intersection of stereotypes about gender and mental disorders could result in perceptions of gendered mental disorders. In the current research, Studies 1 and 2 showed that people view specific disorders as being masculine or feminine. The masculine stereotype included antisocial personality disorder, addictions, and paraphilias. The feminine stereotype included eating disorders, histrionic personality disorder, body dysmorphia, and orgasmic disorder. In both studies, the perception of disorders as masculine was positively correlated with stigma. Study 3 showed that the positive correlation between masculinity and stigma also occurred when examining specific symptoms rather than full mental disorders. The findings provide further evidence for the intersection of stereotypes and indicate a novel factor in the understanding of stigma.

Educating Rita and Her Sisters: Using Drama to Reimagine Femininities in Schools

Science.gov (United States)

Hatton, Christine

2013-01-01

This article examines drama in relation to girls' education, and considers some of the ways in which drama might be applied in schools to challenge limiting hegemonic narratives about gender and support the emerging understandings and performances of femininities of adolescent girls. It reports on case study research conducted with a Year 9 Drama…

Significance of the breast to the individual and society.

Science.gov (United States)

Spencer, K W

1996-01-01

The breast is the most important external identification of femininity, and the loss of a breast can have devastating psychological effects on a woman. A woman who has lost a breast through cancer may feel self-conscious, insecure, inferior to other women, or undesirable to men. These body image concerns are key reasons why a woman will be motivated to pursue breast reconstruction.

"I Have to Listen to This Old Body": Femininity and the Aging Body.

Science.gov (United States)

Rutagumirwa, Sylivia Karen; Bailey, Ajay

2017-10-13

This study explores how older women with low socioeconomic status living in rural Tanzania give meaning to their (aging) body in relation to the ideals of femininity. Ten qualitative in-depth interviews and 10 focus group discussions (N = 60) were conducted among women aged 60 and older. The findings reveal that older women perceive their aging body as "a burden." This characterization of the body is linked to the inability of the aging body to live up to the women's gendered lives. The conflict between their physical limitations and the desire to perform gendered tasks (internalized feminine habitus) affect the women's process of self-identification. This led to emotional distress and subsequently threatened their survival and well-being. The results suggest that older women need to be supported through interventions that are tailored to their cultural and socioeconomic context. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America.

Woman: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow.

Science.gov (United States)

Reinfeld, Patricia M.

This booklet on the status of women, aimed at raising the consciousness of female college students, provides an orientation to feminism and references for further pursuit of the areas covered in the following sections. "On Woman and Her Role" sets the stage with selected quotations, expressing conflicting views of woman's role. "What It Is All…

“Having it All” on Social Media: Entrepreneurial Femininity and Self-Branding Among Fashion Bloggers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Brooke Erin Duffy

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Against the backdrop of the widespread individualization of the creative workforce, various genres of social media production have emerged from the traditionally feminine domains of fashion, beauty, domesticity, and craft. Fashion blogging, in particular, is considered one of the most commercially successful and publicly visible forms of digital cultural production. To explore how fashion bloggers represent their branded personae as enterprising feminine subjects, we conducted a qualitative analysis of the textual ( n  = 38 author narratives and visual ( n  = 760 Instagram images content published by leading fashion bloggers; we supplement this with in-depth interviews with eight full-time fashion/beauty bloggers. Through this data, we show how top-ranked bloggers depict the ideal of “having it all” through three interrelated tropes: the destiny of passionate work, staging the glam life, and carefully curated social sharing. Together, these tropes articulate a form of entrepreneurial femininity that draws upon post-feminist sensibilities and the contemporary logic of self-branding. We argue, however, that this socially mediated version of self-enterprise obscures the labor, discipline, and capital necessary to emulate these standards, while deploying the unshakable myth that women should work through and for consumption. We conclude by addressing how these findings are symptomatic of a digital media economy marked by the persistence of social inequalities of gender, race, class, and more.

Interactions between masculinity--femininity and apparent health in face preferences

OpenAIRE

Finlay G. Smith; Benedict C. Jones; Lisa M. DeBruine; Anthony C. Little

2009-01-01

Consistent with Getty's (2002. Signaling health versus parasites. Am Nat. 159:363--371.) proposal that cues to long-term health and cues to current condition are at least partly independent, recent research on human face preferences has found divergent effects of masculinity--femininity, a cue to long-term health, and apparent health, a cue to current condition. In light of this, we tested for interactions between these 2 cues. Participants viewed composite images of opposite-sex faces that h...

A feminine style of management in the contemporary business world

OpenAIRE

Nikulina Irina; Khomenko Igor; Sediakina Anna; Kanov Viktor

2016-01-01

The main goal of the article is to provide the insight on the gender management in connection with contemporary management. There have been wide ranges of scientific discussions regarding the question of a specific management style that women use in the business practice. A traditional approach indicates that there is no such way of managing an organization as a feminine management style. The traditional approach emphasise that women tend to use the men’s leading style with slight adjustments...

A Woman Alone: The Depictions of Spinsters in Irish Women’s Short Stories

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Ann Wan-lih Chang

2015-03-01

Full Text Available This paper focuses on the manner in which single women are represented in contemporary Irish women’s short stories.  Typically in these stories, such women are portrayed as a distinctive social group within a society in which a traditionally negative image of the spinster has been reinforced by a dominant social ideology which has as objective the exertion of social control over women.  Contemporary Irish female writers attempt to ridicule this problematic “single-woman phobia” by demonstrating that this phenomenon is actually the result of women’s “selflessness” rather than the “selfishness” associated with the spinster stereotype.  Irish women’s stories demonstrate also a fundamental unfairness inherent within Irish society in which women are compelled to sacrifice their own lives and needs for the benefit of others by assuming a surrogate mothering role as “social mothers”.  Ironically, this paradox acts as the main obstacle preventing Irish spinsters from fulfilling their roles as wives and biological mothers.  In response, Irish female writers de-demonise the witch-like spinster stereotypes by deconstructing through their narratives those paradoxical social norms which have actually nurtured and reinforced negative perceptions of the “single women” within Irish society.

Archaeological, radiological, and biological evidence offer insight into Inca child sacrifice

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wilson, Andrew S.; Brown, Emma L.; Villa, Chiara

2013-01-01

Examination of three frozen bodies, a 13-y-old girl and a girl and boy aged 4 to 5 y, separately entombed near the Andean summit of Volcán Llullaillaco, Argentina, sheds new light on human sacrifice as a central part of the Imperial Inca capacocha rite, described by chroniclers writing after...... of final placement on the mountain top. We argue that the individuals were treated differently according to their age, status, and ritual role. Finally, we relate our findings to questions of consent, coercion, and/or compliance, and the controversial issues of ideological justification and strategies...

Warriors and Peacekeepers: Testing a Biosocial Implicit Leadership Hypothesis of Intergroup Relations Using Masculine and Feminine Faces

Science.gov (United States)

Spisak, Brian R.; Dekker, Peter H.; Krüger, Max; van Vugt, Mark

2012-01-01

This paper examines the impact of facial cues on leadership emergence. Using evolutionary social psychology, we expand upon implicit and contingent theories of leadership and propose that different types of intergroup relations elicit different implicit cognitive leadership prototypes. It is argued that a biologically based hormonal connection between behavior and corresponding facial characteristics interacts with evolutionarily consistent social dynamics to influence leadership emergence. We predict that masculine-looking leaders are selected during intergroup conflict (war) and feminine-looking leaders during intergroup cooperation (peace). Across two experiments we show that a general categorization of leader versus nonleader is an initial implicit requirement for emergence, and at a context-specific level facial cues of masculinity and femininity contingently affect war versus peace leadership emergence in the predicted direction. In addition, we replicate our findings in Experiment 1 across culture using Western and East Asian samples. In Experiment 2, we also show that masculine-feminine facial cues are better predictors of leadership than male-female cues. Collectively, our results indicate a multi-level classification of context-specific leadership based on visual cues imbedded in the human face and challenge traditional distinctions of male and female leadership. PMID:22276190

Warriors and peacekeepers: testing a biosocial implicit leadership hypothesis of intergroup relations using masculine and feminine faces.

Science.gov (United States)

Spisak, Brian R; Dekker, Peter H; Krüger, Max; van Vugt, Mark

2012-01-01

This paper examines the impact of facial cues on leadership emergence. Using evolutionary social psychology, we expand upon implicit and contingent theories of leadership and propose that different types of intergroup relations elicit different implicit cognitive leadership prototypes. It is argued that a biologically based hormonal connection between behavior and corresponding facial characteristics interacts with evolutionarily consistent social dynamics to influence leadership emergence. We predict that masculine-looking leaders are selected during intergroup conflict (war) and feminine-looking leaders during intergroup cooperation (peace). Across two experiments we show that a general categorization of leader versus nonleader is an initial implicit requirement for emergence, and at a context-specific level facial cues of masculinity and femininity contingently affect war versus peace leadership emergence in the predicted direction. In addition, we replicate our findings in Experiment 1 across culture using Western and East Asian samples. In Experiment 2, we also show that masculine-feminine facial cues are better predictors of leadership than male-female cues. Collectively, our results indicate a multi-level classification of context-specific leadership based on visual cues imbedded in the human face and challenge traditional distinctions of male and female leadership.

Warriors and peacekeepers: testing a biosocial implicit leadership hypothesis of intergroup relations using masculine and feminine faces.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Brian R Spisak

Full Text Available This paper examines the impact of facial cues on leadership emergence. Using evolutionary social psychology, we expand upon implicit and contingent theories of leadership and propose that different types of intergroup relations elicit different implicit cognitive leadership prototypes. It is argued that a biologically based hormonal connection between behavior and corresponding facial characteristics interacts with evolutionarily consistent social dynamics to influence leadership emergence. We predict that masculine-looking leaders are selected during intergroup conflict (war and feminine-looking leaders during intergroup cooperation (peace. Across two experiments we show that a general categorization of leader versus nonleader is an initial implicit requirement for emergence, and at a context-specific level facial cues of masculinity and femininity contingently affect war versus peace leadership emergence in the predicted direction. In addition, we replicate our findings in Experiment 1 across culture using Western and East Asian samples. In Experiment 2, we also show that masculine-feminine facial cues are better predictors of leadership than male-female cues. Collectively, our results indicate a multi-level classification of context-specific leadership based on visual cues imbedded in the human face and challenge traditional distinctions of male and female leadership.

Media and Woman’s Education: A Theoretical Discussion about the Ways to Enunciate the Feminine on Television

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Rosa Maria Bueno Fischer

2001-01-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses Foucault’s concepts of power, subjectification and (anormality, as well as Homi Bhabha’s concepts of culture and difference, in relation to the question of the feminine enunciation as articulated by the psychoanalyst Maria Rita Kehl. The article assesses how discourses on women are constructed in different televised products, emphasizing the symbolic emptiness/silences of the feminine. According to Kehl, for both men and women this fact is a consequence of “the cursed dimension in our culture,” since women have been historically in a position in which the subject is always the other: be it the father, the phallic mother or the partner

Self-sacrifice, self-transcendence and nurses' professional self.

Science.gov (United States)

Pask, Elizabeth J

2005-10-01

In this paper I elaborate a notion of nurses' professional self as one who is attracted towards intrinsic value. My previous work in 2003 has shown how nurses, who see intrinsic value in their work, experience self-affirmation when they believe that they have made a difference to that which they see to have value. The aim of this work is to reveal a further aspect of nurses' professional self. I argue that nurses' desire towards that which they see to have intrinsic value, is a necessary and self-transcending aspect of a nurses' professional self. I argue further that nurses' desire towards intrinsic value inevitably involves their vulnerability. Nurses who see intrinsic value are shown to be vulnerable to self-sacrifice in their inclination to work for the good of their patients, at the expense of themselves. Yet an ability to transcend their self in this way remains a necessary aspect of a nurse's professional self, which requires nurture and support through nurse education.

Negative and positive components of psychological masculinity and femininity and their relationships to self-reports of neurotic and acting out behaviors.

Science.gov (United States)

Spence, J T; Helmreich, R L; Holahan, C K

1979-10-01

Negatively valued masculinity (M-) and femininity (F-) personality scales were developed to supplement the positively valued Masculinity (M+) and Femininity (F+) scales of the Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ; Spence & Helmreich). M- consisted of traits that had been judged to be (a) more typical of males than females, (b) undesirable in both sexes, and (c ) agentic or instrumental in content. Two F- scales were developed, both containing stereotypically feminine, undesirable traits, one set of traits referring to communionlike characteristics (Fc-) and the other to verbal passive-aggressive qualities (FVA-). Significant sex differences in the predicted direction were found on all scales. In both sexes, low and typically nonsignificant correlations were found between parallel positive and negative scales, but highly significant negative correlations were found between positive and negative cross-sex scales. These findings provide additional evidence for the multidimentionslity of masculinity and femininity. Scores on a self-esteem measure were positively correlated with M+ and F+, uncorrelated with M-, and negatively correlated with the F- scales. Different patterns of scores were associated with two types of problem behaviors. In both sexes, neuroticism was most highly correlated (in a negative direction) with M+, and acting out behavoir was most strongly correlated (in a positive direction) with M-. The next highest correlation in both instances was with FVA-.

Masculine boys, feminine girls, and cancer risk behaviors: an 11-year longitudinal study.

Science.gov (United States)

Roberts, Andrea L; Rosario, Margaret; Calzo, Jerel P; Corliss, Heather L; Frazier, Lindsay; Austin, S Bryn

2014-09-01

Cancer risk behaviors often begin in adolescence and persist through adulthood. Tobacco use, indoor tanning, and physical inactivity are highly prevalent, socially patterned cancer risk behaviors, and their prevalence differs strongly by sex. It is therefore possible that these behaviors also differ by gender expression within the sexes due to social patterning. We examined whether five cancer risk behaviors differed by childhood gender expression within the sexes and whether patterns of media engagement (e.g., magazine readership and trying to look like media personalities) explained possible differences, in a U.S. population-based cohort (N = 9,435). The most feminine girls had higher prevalence of indoor tanning (prevalence risk ratio [pRR] = 1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.23-1.42) and physical inactivity (pRR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.01-1.34) and lower prevalence of worse smoking trajectory (prevalence odds ratio = .75, 95% CI = .65-.88) and smoking cigars (pRR = .61, 95% CI = .47-.79) compared with least feminine girls. Media engagement accounted for part of the higher prevalence of indoor tanning. The most masculine boys were more likely to chew tobacco (pRR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.14-2.79) and smoke cigars (pRR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.17-2.06) but less likely to follow a worse smoking trajectory (prevalence odds ratio = .69, 95% CI = .55-.87) and be physically inactive (pRR = .54, 95% CI = .43-.69) compared with least masculine boys. We found some strong differences in patterns of cancer risk behaviors by gender expression within the sexes. Prevention efforts that challenge the "masculinity" of smoking cigarettes and cigars and chewing tobacco and the "femininity" of indoor tanning to reduce their appeal to adolescents should be explored. Copyright © 2014 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

FEMININE ENTREPRENEURSHIP AS A RESEARCH THEME. SOME CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE WAY OF INITIATING A BUSINESS BY THE ENTREPRENEUR WOMEN IN THE WEST OF ROMANIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pop Cohut Ioana

2010-07-01

Full Text Available The present paper aims an incursion in the concern for researches in the field of feminine entrepreneurship – as a research theme, the study directions of the feminine entrepreneurship, on the basis of the special literature in the field. The applicative part of the paper refers to the research taken in the field of feminine entrepreneurship in Romania, through the project AntrES, in the area of the initiation way of business by entrepreneur women investigated and aligns aspects regarding the research methodology, the study of the way of initiating a business, the length with the age of manager women, the occupational situation at the moment of business initiation and their previous experience.

Dalla caduta al deicidio: mito, sacrificio e letteratura - From fall to deicide: myth, sacrifice and literature

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Manfredi Bortoluzzi

2013-06-01

Full Text Available This paper aims to offer a contribute to the anthropology of literature starting from Mario Vargas Llosa’s definition of fiction as deicide. The death of the author proclaimed by post-structuralism seems the last transformation of an ancient western mytheme. The fall into time and the desperate attempt to escape from it by the narrative plot leads the man-author to change himself into a deicide with the purpose to replace the divine creation with a literary one. From an anthropological point of view, the essay develops a mythography of literature that goes from the cosmogonic self-sacrifice to the death of the author which represents a further symbolic immolation to re-write the world. The myths of Tantalus, Prometheus and the Genesis offer a symbolic setting to understand the human need to tell stories. In this analysis, the concept of sacrifice represents a valuable heuristic tool to highlight the complex relation between the reality and the imaginary, the man and his self representation, which is expressed in the Jungian psychology by the terms Ego and Self.

Feminine Attributes in a Masculine World.

Science.gov (United States)

Pinch, Winifred J.

1981-01-01

Nurses must fight society's assumptions about a woman's abilities and be aware of history's influence upon the issues of women's rights and power. Nurses can begin by educating their own members, supporting nursing organizations, and working for public recognition for the nursing profession. (CT)

Gift and sacrifice: parental involvement in Latino adolescents' education.

Science.gov (United States)

Ceballo, Rosario; Maurizi, Laura K; Suarez, Gloria A; Aretakis, Maria T

2014-01-01

Although myriad studies document the benefits of parental involvement in education on various indicators of children's academic performance, less research examines parental involvement among adolescents in low-income Latino families. Incorporating a multidimensional conceptualization of parental involvement, this study examined the relation between parental involvement and academic outcomes in a sample of 223 low-income, Latino adolescents. Results indicated that three types of parental involvement (gift/sacrifice, future discussions/academic socialization, and school involvement) had significant, positive associations with academic outcomes. Moreover, our results suggest that parents' stories about struggles with poverty and immigration are an important component of parental involvement, contributing to adolescents' desire to succeed academically and "give back" to parents. Additionally, our findings indicated that the positive relations between parental involvement and academic outcomes were stronger for immigrant youth and for those with higher endorsements of the Latino cultural value of respeto (respect).

True sacrifice on Hegel’s presentation of self-consciousness

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Kobe Zdravko

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The paper provides a modest reading of Hegel’s treatment of self-consciousness in his Phenomenology of Spirit and tries to present it as an integral part of the overall project of the experience of consciousness leading from understanding to reason. Its immediate objective is, it is argued, to think the independence and dependence, that is the pure and empirical I within the same unity of self-consciousness. This implies a double movement of finding a proper existence for the pure I and at the same time a breaking down of the empirical I’s attachment to particularity. It is argued that the Hegelian struggle for recognition intends to show how the access to reason demands the subject’s renunciation of its attachment to particularity, that is to sacrifice not only its bare life but every thing indeed, including its particular identity, and yet, to go on living.

Alice Walker’s Womanism in Meridian

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

GAN Lin

2015-01-01

Meridian is one of Alice Walker’s early work. It tells a story that happened in the American south during the 1960s and early 70s’. It describes the life of the main character, Meridian Hill, a black woman from a southern town, who got out of the oppression of white society, and ends up in participate in Civil Rights Movement. The paper firstly illustrates the soul of womanism—anti-sexism, anti-racism, sisiterhood as well as the maternity love, then analyzes how these theories permeated into the novel—Meridian. The paper paid attention to the function of this novel on the improvement of Alice Walker ’s womanism. In proving that womanism not only permeates into Meridian, but also improved womanism from many perspectives, it comes to the conclusion that Meridian is a novel to improve Alice Walker’s womanism, it serves as the good novel to highlight the African Culture, and made a great contribution for the encouragement of black women to seek for freedom in the society.

[Masculinity and femininity scales: current state of the art].

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Fernández, Juan; Quiroga, María A; Del Olmo, Isabel; Rodríguez, Antonio

2007-08-01

A theoretical and empirical review of masculinity and femininity scales was carried out after 30 years of their existence. Hypotheses to be tested were: (a) muldimensionality versus bidimensionality; (b) inadequate percentage of variance accounted for (less than 50%); (c) inconsistency between factor structure and the dualistic model. 618, 200 and 287 students took part in each of the three studies that were carried out. Factorial analyses (PAF) were performed. Results support multidimensionality, unsatisfactory percentage of variance accounted for, and lack of congruence between obtained factors and the dualistic model. All these data were analysed within the context of the twofold sex and gender reality model.

"What do these women want?": Feminist responses to Feminine Forever, 1963-1980.

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Houck, Judith A

2003-01-01

In 1963, Brooklyn gynecologist Robert A. Wilson and his wife, Thelma, published a paper in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society arguing that untreated menopause robbed women of their femininity and ruined the quality of their lives. In 1966 Robert Wilson published a best-selling book, Feminine Forever, in which he maintained that menopause was an estrogen-deficiency disease that should be treated with estrogen replacement therapy to prevent the otherwise inevitable "living decay." This paper explores the issues raised by the convergence of Wilson's campaign and the emergence of the women's movement. Between 1963 and 1980, feminists did not respond with one voice to Wilson's ideas: at first, some embraced them as a boon for aging women, while others resisted regarding female aging as pathological. In 1975, studies linking ERT and endometrial cancer challenged the wisdom of routine hormone therapy; this shifted the tenor of the feminist discussion, but it did not create a consensus about the meaning of menopause or its treatment. Nevertheless, the feminist discussion of menopause revealed a larger women's health agenda-namely, the unyielding belief that women should retain control of their bodies and participate fully in the decision-making efforts regarding their health. By controlling their bodies, all women, whether feminist or not, could ultimately control their lives.

The Weight of a Woman's Testimony

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Abbas Mohammad Elsiddik

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This research attempts to provide a fresh evaluation of a testimony in general and an evaluation of the weight of woman's testimony in particular. By using an empirical methodology, the research responds to the equality issue between women and men as competent witnesses, as Western jurisprudence claims, and the issue of non-equality between women and men as competent witnesses, as Islamic Sharia scholars claim. This study found numerous results, one of which was that womanhood affects a woman's ability to bear in mind a witnessed fact. Therefore, womanhood should be dealt with as a discrediting her testimony factor. Another result was that woman's testimony is admissible, even if she was alone; because womanhood is a factor relating to the weight of a testimony not a stipulation for the admissibility of testimony. Moreover, the research classified testimony in regard to its weight into two kinds. The first kind is Attestation, which always requires corroboration from a man or woman to renders it admissible as evidence. The second kind is Testimony, which does not generally require corroboration, even if the witness is a woman. However, corroboration may be necessary if the testimony has been affected by any discrediting factor regardless the sex of the witness. One more result of the research was that corroboration for testimony is affected by womanhood in certain cases, can be attained by summoning another woman as a witness, inferring factual presumptions, or examining the surrounding circumstances.

Effort analysis of gender differences in cardiovascular response: Further evidence involving a traditionally feminine incentive.

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Barreto, Patricia; Wright, Rex A; Krubinski, Kimberlee; Molzof, Hylton; Hur, Jinwoo

2015-07-01

Participants were presented a moderately- or impossibly difficult cumulative mental addition task with instructions that they could win a traditionally feminine- or masculine incentive if they achieved a 90% success rate. When the incentive was feminine, systolic blood pressure responses during the task period were stronger under moderately difficult conditions among women, but low irrespective of difficulty among men - creating a gender difference only when difficulty was moderate. By contrast, when the incentive was masculine, systolic-, mean arterial- and, to a lesser degree, diastolic blood pressure responses during the task period were stronger under moderately difficult conditions irrespective of gender. The former finding confirmed expectations and adds substantively to the body of evidence favoring a recent effort analysis of gender influence on CV response to performance challenge. The latter findings conflict with what was first expected, but can be understood in terms of post hoc reasoning extended in light of participants' ratings of the masculine incentive. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Individual differences in personality masculinity-femininity: Examining the effects of genes, environment, and prenatal hormone transfer

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Verweij, K.J.H.; Mosing, M.A.; Ullén, F.; Madison, G.

2016-01-01

Males and females score differently on some personality traits, but the underlying etiology of these differences is not well understood. This study examined genetic, environmental, and prenatal hormonal influences on individual differences in personality masculinity-femininity (M-F). We used

The Ideology of Consumption

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Brian Benjamin

2013-01-01

This article opts for a return to a critique of the ideology of consumption. Following Slavoj Žižek it argues that what must be addressed in present-day consumer-capitalism is the level of the superego. Superego is not about living up to certain norms/standards; rather, superego fits consumerism...

Religion and Displacement in Africa: Compassion and Sacrifice in Congolese Churches in Kampala, Uganda

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lauterbach, Karen

2014-01-01

This article is about the role of religion in contexts of displacement. The article looks at the role churches and church leaders play in the lives of refugees and more particularly the assistance that these actors provide. The analytical approach is to take into consideration both religious idea...... to refugees, how this is conceptualised as well as the practices in a perspective that includes the intersection between religious ideas (compassion and sacrifice) and ideas around social relationships, gift-giving and reciprocity....

Hair and Sacrifice in the Andean World, as deduced by biomolecular approaches

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Andrew Wilson

2016-11-01

Full Text Available An individual’s first haircut is considered to be a major milestone in many world cultures and religions even today. It is interesting to note therefore that children placed as Inca child sacrifices in shrines on a number of the principal mountains in the Andes were found with many offerings, including small bags made of animal intestines containing cut human hair. The exceptional preservation of these young individuals offers huge potential for us to gain insight into the ritual process, given that most have remained in permafrost conditions since they were left on the mountain as part of the state-sanctioned Capacocha ceremony practised by the Inca.

Foreign Relations: Figuring Faith and Femininity in the Age of Rubens

OpenAIRE

Lyon, Jamie Vanessa

2011-01-01

Abstract Foreign Relations: Figuring Faith and Femininity in the Age of Rubens by Jamie Vanessa LyonDoctor of Philosophy in History of ArtUniversity of California, Berkeley Professor Elizabeth Honig, ChairThe first part of my title, Foreign Relations, is meant to conjure up the many valences of this phrase in the life and works of Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640). On the most obvious level, it points to his part time employment as a multi-linguistic diplomat negotiating peace on behalf of the ...

Woman's harmony at work and family life

OpenAIRE

Trnková, Dagmar

2009-01-01

The subject of this bachelor's essay is problem of Work Life Balance from the woman's perspective. The study describes woman's position in the Czech society and labour market, using relevant sociological and statistical data. Author reveals the immediate link between maternity and disadvantaging of woman in the work. The text deals with the family life and its public support and employers' policies in detail.

"My petticoat encumbrances"; the 'female adventurer' and the north

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Kathryn Walchester

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Focussing on the northern travelogues of two women travellers from the late nineteenth century, Ethel Brilliana Tweedie’s A Winter Jaunt to Norway: with Accounts of Nansen, Ibsen, Bjornson, Brandes, and Many Others and Polar Gleams; an Account of a Voyage on the Yacht ‘Blencathra’ by Helen Peel, this article suggests that rather than presenting a polarized gendered perspective of Arctic travel, in their writing Peel and Tweedie negotiate between masculine and feminine-coded associations in order to legitimate and popularize their travels, whilst remaining within the conventions of Victorian femininity.  Of the strategies for ensuring the apparent propriety of their text, the references to clothing are highly significant on several levels. Not only could Peel and Tweedie show their adherence (or not to conventional feminine dress through their descriptions of their clothing, they could also illustrate their relationship to other travellers and the Norwegians they encountered. Thus the ‘petticoat encumbrances’ have a double function in the text. Symbolic of Victorian conventions of femininity and their limitations on women, the adherence to sartorial norms at least indicated to readers and critics of the woman traveller’s compliance with gender conventions. This achieved, the woman travel writer had more scope to embark on her remarkable journey and to write about its potential adventures with enthusiasm as a ‘female adventurer’ and still remain within the acceptable boundaries of late-Victorian femininity.

Ratings of self and peers on sex role attributes and their relation to self-esteem and conceptions of masculinity and femininity.

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Spence, J T; Helmreich, R; Stapp, J

1975-07-01

Male (N = 248) and female (N = 282) subjects were given the Personal Attributes Questionnaire consisting of 55 bipolar attributes drawn from the Sex Role Stereotype Questionnaire by Rosenkrantz, Vogel, Bee, Broverman, and Broverman and were asked to rate themselves and then to compare directly the typical male and female college student. Self-ratings were divided into male-valued (stereotypically masculine attributes judged more desirable for both sexes), female-valued, and sex-specific items. Also administered was the Attitudes Toward Women Scale and a measure of social self-esteem. Correlations of the self-ratings with stereotype scores and the Attitudes Toward Women Scale were low in magnitude, suggesting that sex role expectations do not distort self-concepts. For both men and women, "femininity" on the female-valued self items and "masculinity" on the male-valued items were positively correlated, and both significantly related to self-esteem. The implications of the results for a concept of masculinity and femininity as a duality, characteristic of all individuals, and the use of the self-rating scales for measuring masculinity, femininity, and androgyny were discussed.

Gender Stereotypes and Women's Reports of Liking and Ability in Traditionally Masculine and Feminine Occupations

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Oswald, Debra L.

2008-01-01

Gender stereotypes were examined for their causal influence on women's reported liking for and perceived ability to succeed in traditionally masculine and feminine occupations. One hundred twenty-one women were assigned to either a gender-stereotype activation or filler task and then completed measures of liking for, and perceived ability to…

The Thought of Emmanuel Lévinas: An Open Philosophy to the Feminine

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Magali Mendes de Menezes

2008-01-01

Full Text Available The present text intends to cover three important works by the philosopher Emmanuel Lévinas – De l’existence à l’existant, Le temps et l’autre, Totalité et infinit – in order to understand how the concept of feminine appear in his reflections and what meanings it assumes before the subject (understood by Lévinas as the masculine, the subjectivity and before the thought on ethics, considered by the philosopher as the first philosophy.

Feminine anthroponyms in 13th-century Scotland: the Ragman Roll (1296

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Valeria Di Clemente

2012-10-01

Full Text Available The documents known as Ragman Roll collect the fealty oaths sworn and the homages rendered by Scottish nobility, clergy, landowners and burgesses to Edward I Plantagenet after the English invasion of Scotland in the spring and summer of 1296. These documents record personal names and surnames of ca. 1800 people, being a precious source for the study of Scottish anthroponymy in the second half of the 13th century. This paper focuses on the feminine anthroponyms occurring in the Ragman Roll, on their form and on their historical-etymological and cultural background.

Chemosensory Communication of Gender Information: Masculinity Bias in Body Odor Perception and Femininity Bias Introduced by Chemosignals During Social Perception.

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Mutic, Smiljana; Moellers, Eileen M; Wiesmann, Martin; Freiherr, Jessica

2015-01-01

Human body odor is a source of important social information. In this study, we explore whether the sex of an individual can be established based on smelling axillary odor and whether exposure to male and female odors biases chemosensory and social perception. In a double-blind, pseudo-randomized application, 31 healthy normosmic heterosexual male and female raters were exposed to male and female chemosignals (odor samples of 27 heterosexual donors collected during a cardio workout) and a no odor sample. Recipients rated chemosensory samples on a masculinity-femininity scale and provided intensity, familiarity and pleasantness ratings. Additionally, the modulation of social perception (gender-neutral faces and personality attributes) and affective introspection (mood) by male and female chemosignals was assessed. Male and female axillary odors were rated as rather masculine, regardless of the sex of the donor. As opposed to the masculinity bias in the odor perception, a femininity bias modulating social perception appeared. A facilitated femininity detection in gender-neutral faces and personality attributes in male and female chemosignals appeared. No chemosensory effect on mood of the rater was observed. The results are discussed with regards to the use of male and female chemosignals in affective and social communication.

Parochial Altruists or Ideologues? An Agent Based Model of Commitment to Self Sacrifice

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Giti Zahedzadeh

2015-09-01

Full Text Available 'What motivates suicide attackers remains an open question. From an evolutionary perspective, commitment to suicide missions is puzzling since such behavior is fitness reducing. We model suicide terrorism by drawing on two fundamental human motivations: altruism and selfishness. Martyrdom can be viewed as altruistic- benefiting group members at a cost to oneself, as well as selfish- ideological belief in a profitable afterlife. Our simulations identify that some degree of both behaviors are essential in order to facilitate a commitment to sacrifice. Thus, manipulations of ideology and altruism can tip the threshold and set the agents on the path of martyrdom. '

Prostitution in Galicia: Clients and Feminine Imaginary

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Agueda Gómes Suárez

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Today, the prostitution in our society turns out to be an indicator of the dominant “sexual culture” in the patriarchal and capitalist societies. This article tries to contribute with another approach to the analysis of the sexual industry in our country, adjusting, principally, to the experiences of the men involved in the phenomenon of the prostitution in Galicia. The dramatic quality in which the women in prostitution live their reality and the levity and idleness, in which the clients enjoy themselves, show the controversial and worrying face of this reality. The analysis of the clients’ speech across the “Frame Analysis”, and the study of the feminine dominant imaginary among them are portrayed in this text, together with the speech of the women in prostitution and of the men who occupy masculinized spaces. This article tries to be a contribution to the complex study of the phenomenon of the prostitution in our country.

Material girls and Material love: Consuming femininity and the contradictions of post-girl power among Kenyan schoolgirls

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Mojola, Sanyu A.

2016-01-01

In this paper, I use qualitative data to explore the practices engaged in by Kenyan schoolgirls to participate in modern consuming womanhood, as well as the contradictory implications of these practices for thinking about globalized mediated femininities and their enactment in resource-poor settings. The paper examines the centrality of consumption to valued modern femininity among young women around the world, as well as the structural reality of gendered access to income. I show how the cooptation of the materiality of romantic love and normative expectations of male provision in romantic relationships bridge the gap between consumption desires and economic realities among Kenyan schoolgirls in both powerful and problematic ways. The paper ends with a reflection of the implications of these findings for post-girl power, the post-feminist age and the re-inscription of patriarchy. PMID:28344428

Female Divinities and Story-Telling in the Work of Tamara Kamenszain

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Naomi Lindstrom

1996-01-01

Full Text Available Tamara Kamenszain (b. Argentina, 1947, in her creative writing and her essays, brings together two concerns. One is her examination of concepts of woman and femininity. She specializes in mythical and archetypal representations of woman. Her texts present such figures as the great mother and forest nymphs. On many occasions, she evokes a past in which female divinities were respected, even in the Judaic tradition that is frequently Kamenszain's frame of reference. The other current that stands out in Kamenszain's writing is her interest in Jewish traditions of informal narrative. In her texts, folk narrative displaces learned and canonical narrative. Her concern is not only with stories about magic, but also with tale-telling as a magic practice. Kamenszain's writing often makes the point that magic, and particularly feminine magic, has succumbed to modernization. Setting her own writing in opposition to this tendency, Kamenszain brings back feminine magic forces and endows biblical heroines with the talents of sorceresses, priestesses, or goddesses. Her narratives also suggest that women have a special way of reading, learning, and storytelling.

The "Education" of the Indian Woman against the Backdrop of the Education of the European Woman in the Nineteenth-Century

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Peacock, Sunita

2009-01-01

The essay discusses the role and education of the women of India, with special reference to the women of Bengal during the nineteenth-century and a comparison is made between the education of the Indian woman and the education of the European woman during this era. The education of the Indian woman is also referenced against the backdrop of the…

The Sacrifice and the Ludic Stances Reflected Through the Theatre Practice of the 20th Century

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Koubová, Alice

2017-01-01

Roč. 72, č. 6 (2017), s. 451-462 ISSN 0046-385X R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA16-23046S Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : performative turn * performance * sacrifice * ludic stance * play * postmodern condition * Brecht * Benjamin * Grotowski Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion OBOR OECD: Philosophy , History and Philosophy of science and technology http://www.klemens.sav.sk/fiusav/doc/filozofia/2017/6/451-462.pdf

The Plight of the Woman Doctoral Student

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Holmstrom, Engin Inel; Holmstrom, Robert W.

1974-01-01

This study investigated factors underlying discrimination against woman doctoral students. Analyses revealed that faculty attitudes and behavior toward woman doctoral students contributed significantly to their emotional stresses and self-doubts. (Author/NE)

The Haunting Presence of the Feminine: Virginia Woolf in the Streets of London

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Agnieszka Pantuchowicz

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Beginning with the theme of the location of haunting in Gothic interiors and the confusion of life and death and the “sub-central” positioning of the feminine as the hidden source of fearfulness, the paper analyzes Virginia Woolf’s “Street Haunting: A London Adventure” as an example of a narrative written from the position of the haunting in which the figure of fearful feminine is transformed into a “hauntess” participating in the public world on equal rights with others. Woolf’s text, though seemingly positing the protagonist in the position of flâneuse, in fact implicitly criticizes flâneuring as a masculine kind of looking and participating in the public space. Taking place away from home, Woolf’s strolling in the streets of London carnivalizes (in the Bakhtinian sense the activity by way of a joyful blurring of the split between the home and the market. Transgressing what Kathryn Simpson calls “the male privilege of the flâneur” (2010, p. 47 and rendering the transgression as haunting, Woolf evades participation in the masculine world of traffic and exchange by way of bringing the space of the Gothic confinement, and also of entombment, to the public.

"You Don't Have to Claim Her": Reconstructing Black Femininity through Critical Hip-Hop Literacy

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Kelly, Lauren Leigh

2016-01-01

This article explores the ways in which females who identify with hip-hop often develop and construct their identities in relation to media representations of blackness and femininity in hip-hop music and culture. In order for educators to support female students in constructing identities of empowerment and agency, they should be willing and able…

Midwives being 'with woman': An integrative review.

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Bradfield, Zoe; Duggan, Ravani; Hauck, Yvonne; Kelly, Michelle

2018-04-01

Midwives being 'with woman' is embedded in professional philosophy, standards of practice and partnerships with women. In light of the centrality of being 'with woman' to the profession of midwifery, it is timely to review the literature to gain a contemporary understanding of this phenomenon. This review synthesises research and theoretical literature to report on what is known and published about being 'with woman'. A five step framework for conducting an integrative literature reviews was employed. A comprehensive search strategy was utilised that incorporated exploration in electronic databases CINAHL, Scopus, Proquest, Science Direct and Pubmed. The initial search resulted in the retrieval of 2057 publications which were reduced to 32 through a systematic process. The outcome of the review revealed three global themes and corresponding subthemes that encompassed 'with woman': (1) philosophy, incorporated two subthemes relating to midwifery philosophy and philosophy and models of care; (2) relationship, that included the relationship with women and the relationship with partners; and (3) practice, that captured midwifery presence, care across the childbirth continuum and practice that empowers women. Research and theoretical sources support the concept that being 'with woman' is a fundamental construct of midwifery practice as evident within the profession's philosophy. Findings suggest that the concept of midwives being 'with woman' is a dynamic and developing construct. The philosophy of being 'with woman' acts as an anchoring force to guide, inform and identify midwifery practice in the context of the rapidly changing modern maternity care landscapes. Gaps in knowledge and recommendations for further research are made. Copyright © 2017 Australian College of Midwives. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Moteriškoji tapatybė Onos Pleirytės-Puidienės-Vaidilutės kultūrinėje laikysenoje ir kūryboje | Feminine identity in the works of Ona Pleirytė-Puidienė-Vaidilutė and her cultural position

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Ramunė Bleizgienė

2006-01-01

Full Text Available This paper analyses and discusses the problem of a feminine identity, as presented in the early works and the cultural position of Ona Pleirytė-Puidienė-Vaidilutė. The paper investigates the earliest writings of Vaidilutė, “Kada rauda siela” and her diary, where she wrote about her relationship with M. K. Čiurlionis. Woman presented here is active, mobile and searching for the purpose of life. The specific female experience, however, is not explicated. Man (brother, friend is her traveling partner who helps her to search for the Truth. In her diary, man becomes the leader in their relationship and has the biggest influence on her, as she develops her identity as a writer. The reason for this change can be the change of the place where the relationship between woman and man conspire. The equal link is in the mythical place, but when it takes place in a concrete social situation, man always is a leader; he is the one showing the way to a woman. The list of the independent Lithuanians made by historian of culture V. Kavolis, which consists of more than thirty people, includes only two women. The paper states that the gender proportions in the list reinforces the idea that women were excluded from the history of culture twice; the first time, when they did not have the equal opportunity to participate in the official social life and the second time, when the cultural history itself was recorded.

Preference for leaders with masculine voices holds in the case of feminine leadership roles.

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Anderson, Rindy C; Klofstad, Casey A

2012-01-01

Human voice pitch research has focused on perceptions of attractiveness, strength, and social dominance. Here we examine the influence of pitch on selection of leaders, and whether this influence varies by leadership role. Male and female leaders with lower-pitched (i.e., masculine) voices are generally preferred by both men and women. We asked whether this preference shifts to favor higher-pitch (i.e., feminine) voices within the specific context of leadership positions that are typically held by women (i.e., feminine leadership roles). In hypothetical elections for two such positions, men and women listened to pairs of male and female voices that differed only in pitch, and were asked which of each pair they would vote for. As in previous studies, men and women preferred female candidates with masculine voices. Likewise, men preferred men with masculine voices. Women, however, did not discriminate between male voices. Overall, contrary to research showing that perceptions of voice pitch can be influenced by social context, these results suggest that the influence of voice pitch on perceptions of leadership capacity is largely consistent across different domains of leadership.

Preference for leaders with masculine voices holds in the case of feminine leadership roles.

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Rindy C Anderson

Full Text Available Human voice pitch research has focused on perceptions of attractiveness, strength, and social dominance. Here we examine the influence of pitch on selection of leaders, and whether this influence varies by leadership role. Male and female leaders with lower-pitched (i.e., masculine voices are generally preferred by both men and women. We asked whether this preference shifts to favor higher-pitch (i.e., feminine voices within the specific context of leadership positions that are typically held by women (i.e., feminine leadership roles. In hypothetical elections for two such positions, men and women listened to pairs of male and female voices that differed only in pitch, and were asked which of each pair they would vote for. As in previous studies, men and women preferred female candidates with masculine voices. Likewise, men preferred men with masculine voices. Women, however, did not discriminate between male voices. Overall, contrary to research showing that perceptions of voice pitch can be influenced by social context, these results suggest that the influence of voice pitch on perceptions of leadership capacity is largely consistent across different domains of leadership.

Women in Computer Sciences in Romania: Success and Sacrifice

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Ward, Kelly; Dragne, Cornelia; Lucas, Angelina J.

2014-01-01

The purpose of this article is to more fully understand the professional lives of women academics in computer sciences in six Romanian universities. The work is exploratory and relies on a qualitative framework to more fully understand what it means to be a woman academic in high-tech disciplines in a second world economy. We conducted in-depth,…

Compassion as the reunion of feminine and masculine virtues in medicine.

Science.gov (United States)

Aramesh, Kiarash

2017-01-01

The central role of the virtue of compassion in the shaping of the professional character of healthcare providers is a well-emphasized fact. On the other hand, the utmost obligation of physicians is to alleviate or eliminate human suffering. Traditionally, according to the Aristotelian understanding of virtues and virtue ethics, human virtues have been associated with masculinity. In recent decades, the founders of the ethics of care have introduced a set of virtues with feminine nature. This paper analyzes the notion of compassion as a common virtue between the traditional/masculine and care/feminine sets of virtues and shows that compassion is a reunion and merging point of both sets of human virtues. This role can be actualized through the development and promotion of compassion as an important part of the character of an ideal physician/healthcare provider. In addition, this paper argues that the notion of compassion can shed light on some important aspects of the contemporary debates on healthcare provider-patient relationship and medical futility. Despite the recent technological and scientific transformations in medicine, the interpersonal relationship between healthcare providers and patients still plays a vital role in pursuing the goals of healthcare. The virtue of compassion plays a central role in the establishment of a trust-based physician-patient relationship. This central role is discernible in the debate of medical futility in which making difficult decisions, depends largely on trust and rapport which are achievable by compassion in the physician and the recognition of this compassion by the patients and their surrogate decision makers.

Žena a duchovní vedení

OpenAIRE

Kostelecká, Marie

2009-01-01

Anglická anotace A woman and spiritual leadership The aim of this thesis was to give the feminine element through the spiritual leadership in both roles: as a woman, being accompanied by - the object of the spiritual leadership, and the accompanying woman - the subject of the spiritual leadership. The work was based on her unique role in the history of salvation, on the specific characteristics of women, which may be used with the benefit in practicing the spiritual leadership but with the kn...

Dos cuidados com o corpo feminino em reclames na Revista do Globo da década de 1930 Feminine body care ads in the Revista do Globo magazine of the 1930s

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Joana Carolina Schossler

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Desde as primeiras décadas do século XX, a moda dos banhos de mar contribuiu para despir pouco a pouco mulheres, homens e crianças no Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil. As mulheres foram o público-alvo preferencial dos reclames de produtos higiênicos, farmacêuticos, cosméticos e de vestuário. Para o veraneio, uma gama desses produtos foi anunciada na Revista do Globo durante a década de 1930. Com o fito de satisfazer "novos desejos" femininos por meio de novos produtos, esses anúncios permitem uma análise histórica das representações da mulher moderna, principalmente da emergência de um novo corpo feminino. O presente artigo trata da mudança nas representações do feminino na década de 1930, com base na publicidade da revista de maior circulação no Rio Grande do Sul à época.Since the beginning of the 20th century, the habit of going to the beach allowed for the progressive revelation of the bodies of women, men, and children in Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil. Women were the main targets of advertisements for hygiene and pharmaceutical products, cosmetics, and fashion. During the 1930s, a wide variety of such products was advertised in the Revista do Globo magazine. With the aim of satisfying new feminine desires through new products,these advertisements allow for a historical analysis of the representation of the modern woman, especially the birth of a new feminine body. This article discusses the changes in the representation of women, during the 1930s, based on the advertisements which appeared in the most widely read magazine in the state of Rio Grande do Sul at the time.

Chemosensory communication of gender information: Masculinity bias in body odor perception and femininity bias introduced by chemosignals during social perception

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Smiljana eMutic

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Human body odor is a source of important social information. In this study, we explore whether the sex of an individual can be established based on smelling axillary odor and whether exposure to male and female odors biases chemosensory and social perception. In a double-blind, pseudo-randomized application, 31 healthy normosmic heterosexual male and female raters were exposed to male and female chemosignals (odor samples of 27 heterosexual donors collected during a cardio workout and a no odor sample. Recipients rated chemosensory samples on a masculinity-femininity scale and provided intensity, familiarity and pleasantness ratings. Additionally, the modulation of social perception (gender-neutral faces and personality attributes and affective introspection (mood by male and female chemosignals was assessed. Male and female axillary odors were rated as rather masculine, regardless of the sex of the donor. As opposed to the masculinity bias in the odor perception, a femininity bias modulating social perception appeared. A facilitated femininity detection in gender-neutral faces and personality attributes in association with both male and female chemosignals appeared. No chemosensory effect on mood of the rater was observed. The results are discussed with regards to the use of male and female chemosignals in affective and social communication.

“Can Man Be Free If Woman Be A Slave?” A Study in Feminine Leadership in the Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley & Bole Butake

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George EWANE NGIDE

2013-03-01

Full Text Available This article studies the primal role of female characters in the works of two dramatists separated by time and space and yet convergent in their philosophical portrayal of the woman as an agent of socio-political mutations. It posits that although Bole Butake is a Cameroonian contemporary playwright, he shares convergent views with Percy Bysshe Shelley, an English Romantic poet who also wrote lyrical dramas, in the portrayal of the front role played by female characters in bringing about change to their societies. The article concludes that though separated by culture and historical epochs, both Butake and Shelley are visionary and insightful in using women to solve the socio-political predicaments of their times.

A complete woman

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Lawrence

treated me like a son in the way he encouraged my education, while my mother ... cine gives me a lot of satisfaction when I see my patients getting cured. Teaching ... thing in life as a complete woman in different roles – daughter, wife, mother ...

Examining the Gender Identity of Language Teachers Using a Masculinity-Femininity Scale: A Case from Iran

Science.gov (United States)

Pishghadam, Reza; Saboori, Fahime; Samavarchi, Laila; Hassanzadeh, Tahereh

2016-01-01

The present study pursued two goals: first, to construct and validate a masculinity/femininity scale (MFS); and second, to reveal and compare the dominant gender identity of English, Arabic, and Persian teachers. Regarding the first goal, a 30- item gender identity scale was designed and, using the data collected from 300 junior high school…

"Spice Girls,""Nice Girls,""Girlies," and "Tomboys": Gender Discourses, Girls' Cultures and Femininities in the Primary Classroom.

Science.gov (United States)

Reay, Diane

2001-01-01

Suggests that contemporary gendered power relations are complex, highlighting female British elementary students who assumed varied positions in relation to traditional femininities, though they all occasionally bolstered boys' power at the expense of their own. Students viewed girls as harder working, more mature, and more socially skilled, yet…

Woman to Woman: Coming Together for Positive Change--Using Empowerment and Popular Education to Prevent HIV in Women

Science.gov (United States)

Romero, Lisa; Wallerstein, Nina; Lucero, Julie; Fredine, Heidi Grace; Keefe, Joanna; O'Connell, JoAnne

2006-01-01

HIV risk is the product of social, cultural, economic, and interpersonal forces that create sex-role definitions and expectations that can lead to gender inequalities in health. Woman to Woman: Coming Together for Positive Change is an HIV/AIDS prevention intervention that takes into account that choices and actions may be constrained by poverty,…

Basic requirements for the successful implementation of the “feminine leadership” style in Croatian enterprises

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Nina Pološki

2001-01-01

Full Text Available The “feminine leadership” style, characterized by cooperation, participation, sharing of power and information, teamwork, energizing others, enhancing self-worth of others, etc., is a leadership style of the future. As such, it has to be highly used in today’s organizations. Furthermore, many contemporary surveys have shown that women are primary holders of the “feminine leadership” style. That is why today’s organizations should hire more women, especially for management jobs. However, although there are many objective factors that force organizations to offer more employment to women, there are still many obstacles that have to be overcome so that more women could be taken on board. For example, prejudices about women’s status and role in society, cultural prejudices, traditional educational schemes and organizational obstacles are the serious constraints that prevent women from entering the labor and management force. Fortunately, as a result of the globalization and the development of the information and communication technologies, the organizational values and attitudes toward women are changing. The new and improved thinking and acting philosophy toward women in organizations, and better organizational policies, programs and processes concerning women have become a necessity.

"Bionic Woman" (2007): Gender, Disability and Cyborgs

Science.gov (United States)

Quinlan, Margaret M.; Bates, Benjamin R.

2009-01-01

This paper explores a representation of overlapping categories of gender, disability and cyborgs in "Bionic Woman" (2007). The television show "Bionic Woman" (2007) is a popular culture representation that uniquely brings together these categories. Three themes emerged from an analysis of blogger discourse surrounding the show. The themes reveal…

"You Have Come a Long Way Woman": A Sparkle Slogan without Realistic Meaning for Woman Status in Jordan

Science.gov (United States)

Khudeir, Dua'a Ibrahim

2017-01-01

This research paper discusses woman status in the country of Jordan in terms of rights, equality and personal liberties, freedom of choice in particular. It argues that, although Jordan is working hard to be open to Western values and civilization; however, it lags behind when it comes to woman liberty and equality. Jordan is a patriarchal…

Similar outcome after retention or sacrifice of the posterior cruciate ligament in total knee arthroplasty : A systematic review and meta-analysis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Verra, Wiebe C.; van den Boom, Lennard G. H.; Jacobs, Wilco C. H.; Schoones, Jan W.; Wymenga, Ate B.; Nelissen, Rob G. H. H.

Background and purpose - To retain or to sacrifice the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains a matter of discussion. In this systematic review, we wanted to find differences in functional and clinical outcome between the 2 methods. Methods - We conducted a

The Ideal Man and Woman According to University Students

Science.gov (United States)

Weinstein, Lawrence; Laverghetta, Antonio V.; Peterson, Scott A.

2009-01-01

The present study determined if the ideal man has changed over the years and who and what the ideal woman is. We asked students at Cameron University to rate the importance of character traits that define the ideal man and woman. Subjects also provided examples of famous people exemplifying the ideal, good, average, and inferior man and woman. We…

Dreaming woman: Image, place, and the aesthetics of exile.

Science.gov (United States)

Greenspan, Rachel

2017-08-01

Looking closely at an Argentine dream interpretation column published in a popular women's magazine from 1948 to 1951, this article examines the role of the dream image in shaping psychoanalytic discourse on femininity and national identity. The column, 'Psychoanalysis Will Help You,' emerged during Juan Domingo Perón's first presidency, featuring verbal interpretations written under the pen name 'Richard Rest,' as well as surreal photomontages by Grete Stern, a German-born, Bauhaus-trained photographer living in exile since 1936. While the column's Jungian text encourages readers' adaptation to the external reality of their social situation, Stern's droll images emphasize the disjuncture between subject and environment, exposing tensions between the experience of exile and the Peronist mission to consolidate an Argentine national identity. Experimenting formally with European avant-garde techniques, Stern presents femininity and nation as conflictive imaginary configurations. This theme resurfaces at the 2013 Venice Biennale, where Nicola Costantino's multimedia installation Eva - Argentina: A Contemporary Metaphor was exhibited alongside Carl Jung's Red Book. Formal contrasts between Stern's use of photomontage, Costantino's projection technique, and Jung's theory of mandala symbolism indicate the divergent ways in which their artwork posits the therapeutic function of the dream image, as well as the role of aesthetic production in psychoanalytic care. Copyright © 2017 Institute of Psychoanalysis.

Being with woman: claiming midwifery space.

Science.gov (United States)

Hunter, Louise

2015-03-01

Being 'with woman' is characterised as presence, a spiritual concept which is nevertheless bound up with physical space. In this article, the work of the American philosopher Judith Butler is used to explore the interplay between space and relationships in midwifery practice. Butler argues that relationships based on mutual recognition and respect define the actions possible within physical space. In midwifery, being with woman creates a therapeutic space necessary for the wellbeing and empowerment of women and midwives alike.

Position of woman according to 19th century Montenegrin marital law

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Kulauzov Maša

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Legal position of woman in 19th century Montenegrin marital law is examined in this paper. Provisions on entering into marriage, woman's marital infidelity, legal separation, dissolution of marriage and its legal effects as well as widow's property rights are scrutinized and critically analyzed. The author also indicates to rules of customary law regarding legal status of a married woman. Married woman had restricted legal capacity, as well as restricted property rights and no rights of succession. However, gender inequality common in patriarchal society such as Montenegrin in 19th century is particularly accentuated in case of marital infidelity. Only woman's adultery is punishable and regarded as a serious crime. Beside marital infidelity, lower position of woman is noticeable in all aspects of married life. Hence, legislative attempts to improve woman's legal status are emphasized in the article.

The pregnant woman and the good Samaritan: can a woman have a duty to undergo a caesarean section?

Science.gov (United States)

Scott, R

2000-01-01

Although a pregnant woman can now refuse any medical treatment needed by the fetus, the Court of Appeal has acknowledged that ethical dilemmas remain, adverting to the inappropriateness of legal compulsion of presumed moral duties in this context. This leaves the impression of an uncomfortable split between the ethics and the law. The notion of a pregnant woman refusing medical treatment needed by the fetus is troubling and it helps little simply to assert that she has a legal right to do so. At the same time, the idea that a pregnant woman fails in her moral duty unless she accepts any recommended treatment or surgery--however great the burden--is also not without difficulty. This article seeks to find a way between these two somewhat polarized positions by arguing that, instead of being a question primarily about whether legally to enforce moral obligations, the 'maternal-fetal conflict' begins with previously unrecognized difficulties in determining when a woman's prima facie moral rights invoked in the treatment context should 'give way' to the interests of the fetus. This difficulty is mirrored within the law. Thus, how can we tell when a pregnant woman has the moral or legal duty to submit to a caesarean section? Seen in this way, the conflict is a problem which lies at the interface between moral and legal rights and duties, showing that there are important conceptual links between the ethics and the law. Against this background, this article explores the limits of a pregnant woman's right to bodily integrity by focusing upon the idea of her moral duty to aid the fetus through her body. Here we find difficulties in determining the existence and extent of this somewhat extraordinary duty. Such a duty is contrasted with both negative and positive duties toward others in the course of 'general conduct.' Attention to the social context of pregnancy and the refusal of treatment within this is also instructive. Overall, the purpose is to foster understanding and

HIV prevalence and demographic determinants of condomless receptive anal intercourse among trans feminine individuals in Beirut, Lebanon.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaplan, Rachel L; McGowan, Justine; Wagner, Glenn J

2016-01-01

Growing evidence suggests increased HIV incidence in the Middle East and North Africa among "key populations." To date, epidemiological data have not accurately included and measured HIV prevalence and risk among trans feminine individuals in the region. Through the lens of the Gender Affirmation Framework, we assessed demographic correlates of risk behaviour and the prevalence of HIV among trans feminine individuals in Lebanon. Long-chain referral sampling was used to recruit 53 participants for completion of a behavioural survey and optional free rapid HIV tests. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify demographic determinants of HIV risk behaviour. Fifty-seven percent of participants reported condomless receptive anal intercourse (CRAI) with male partner(s) in the last three months, 40% of whom reported not knowing the HIV status of the partner(s). Of the participants tested for HIV as part of the study or via self-report, four (10%) were HIV positive; 13 declined HIV testing. Forty percent of the sample had no prior history of HIV testing. A history of trauma such as sexual abuse/assault was reported by almost half of the participants (49%). Sixty-eight percent reported experiencing physical violence and 32% police arrest, because of gender identity or presentation. A staggering 98% reported having experienced gender identity or gender presentation-related discrimination. Sixty-six percent of the sample reported current sex work; sex work was correlated with CRAI but was not significant in multivariate analysis. In regression analysis, "openness"/"outness" about transgender identity at work or school was significantly associated with CRAI. Surprisingly, a history of sexual abuse/assault was negatively correlated with CRAI, suggesting the need for further inquiry. The results of this study provide implications for how to address sexual health among trans feminine

Archaeological, radiological, and biological evidence offer insight into Inca child sacrifice.

Science.gov (United States)

Wilson, Andrew S; Brown, Emma L; Villa, Chiara; Lynnerup, Niels; Healey, Andrew; Ceruti, Maria Constanza; Reinhard, Johan; Previgliano, Carlos H; Araoz, Facundo Arias; Diez, Josefina Gonzalez; Taylor, Timothy

2013-08-13

Examination of three frozen bodies, a 13-y-old girl and a girl and boy aged 4 to 5 y, separately entombed near the Andean summit of Volcán Llullaillaco, Argentina, sheds new light on human sacrifice as a central part of the Imperial Inca capacocha rite, described by chroniclers writing after the Spanish conquest. The high-resolution diachronic data presented here, obtained directly from scalp hair, implies escalating coca and alcohol ingestion in the lead-up to death. These data, combined with archaeological and radiological evidence, deepen our understanding of the circumstances and context of final placement on the mountain top. We argue that the individuals were treated differently according to their age, status, and ritual role. Finally, we relate our findings to questions of consent, coercion, and/or compliance, and the controversial issues of ideological justification and strategies of social control and political legitimation pursued by the expansionist Inca state before European contact.

EUGENICS, THE GIRARDIAN THEORY OF SACRIFICE, AND THE NEW DARWINIAN ETHICS

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THOMAS RYBA

2011-11-01

Full Text Available In this paper I argue that, though many ethical systems recognizesacrifice as moral action, the utilitarian appropriation of Neo-Darwinian theory especially as it justifies eugenics as a “winnowing of the human stock” is in Girardian terms analogous to the sacrificial scapegoating of innocents. This argument is accomplished in four steps. (1 I show that within some ethical systems sacrifice is recognized as moral behavior driven by a specific axiology (or theory of value (2 I discuss some of the meta-ethical problems connected with Neo-Darwinian naturalism and naturalism, in general. (3 I show how modern varieties of naturalism and Darwinian naturalism, inparticular are especially inclined to lead to a moral justification of eugenic scapegoating and how Girardian theory is helpful in identifying the moral disorder connected with eugenics. (4 Finally, I conclude by arguing that Darwin’s thought is susceptible to another kind of interpretation, one that need not lead to the valorization of eugenics.

Self-objectification, feminist activism and conformity to feminine norms among female vegetarians, semi-vegetarians, and non-vegetarians.

Science.gov (United States)

Brinkman, Britney G; Khan, Aliya; Edner, Benjamin; Rosén, Lee A

2014-01-01

Recent research has suggested that vegetarians may be at an increased risk for developing disordered eating or body image issues when compared to non-vegetarians. However, the results of such studies are mixed, and no research has explored potential connections between vegetarianism and self-objectification. In the current study, the authors examine factors that predicted body surveillance, body shame, and appearance control beliefs; three aspects of self-objectification. Surveys were completed by 386 women from the United States who were categorized as vegetarian, semi-vegetarian, or non-vegetarian. The three groups differed regarding dietary motivations, levels of feminist activism, and body shame, but did not differ on their conformity to feminine norms. While conformity to feminine norms predicted body surveillance and body shame levels among all three groups of women, feminist activism predicted appearance control beliefs among non-vegetarians only. These findings suggest that it is important for researchers and clinicians to distinguish among these three groups when examining the relationship between vegetarianism and self-objectification. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

"I Would Just like to Be Known as an Athlete": Managing Hegemony, Femininity, and Heterosexuality in Female Sport

Science.gov (United States)

Mean, Lindsey J.; Kassing, Jeffrey W.

2008-01-01

The community of sport is a powerful site for the construction of masculinity, male identities, and heterosexuality. Consequently, the increased entry of women into the sporting arena has been actively resisted, with women athletes either excluded or framed within traditional, sexualized discourses of femininity and heterosexuality. Yet Title IX…

26 CFR 1.677(a)-1 - Income for benefit of grantor; general rule.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... masculine and feminine genders, respectively, but if the grantor is a woman the reference to “grantor” is to... attributable to the portion of the trust that he owns. See § 1.671-3(b). The tax consequences of the capital...

Does Sacrifice Avert Violence? Reflections from Nepal and the People’s War

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Marie Lecomte-Tilouine

2013-10-01

Full Text Available This article attempts to address the link between sacrifice and violence by exploring the settings in which they are to be found in the ritual order governing socio-political organization. It is based on extensive ethnographic work in Nepal, a country that was regarded as a safe haven until it was swept up in a revolutionary movement that combined Maoist ideology with a sacrificial impetus. If warlike movements generate an ideology of legitimization that borrows religious imagery, those supported by a revolutionary ideal tend to spiritualize violence to the point of developing a genuine mysticism. This was the case of the People’s War in Nepal, which was presented as an apocalypse, led by warriors rejoicing in their own suffering and glorifying martyrdom as the supreme means of achieving the ideal goal of a classless society.

Bayesian approach to estimate AUC, partition coefficient and drug targeting index for studies with serial sacrifice design.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Tianli; Baron, Kyle; Zhong, Wei; Brundage, Richard; Elmquist, William

2014-03-01

The current study presents a Bayesian approach to non-compartmental analysis (NCA), which provides the accurate and precise estimate of AUC 0 (∞) and any AUC 0 (∞) -based NCA parameter or derivation. In order to assess the performance of the proposed method, 1,000 simulated datasets were generated in different scenarios. A Bayesian method was used to estimate the tissue and plasma AUC 0 (∞) s and the tissue-to-plasma AUC 0 (∞) ratio. The posterior medians and the coverage of 95% credible intervals for the true parameter values were examined. The method was applied to laboratory data from a mice brain distribution study with serial sacrifice design for illustration. Bayesian NCA approach is accurate and precise in point estimation of the AUC 0 (∞) and the partition coefficient under a serial sacrifice design. It also provides a consistently good variance estimate, even considering the variability of the data and the physiological structure of the pharmacokinetic model. The application in the case study obtained a physiologically reasonable posterior distribution of AUC, with a posterior median close to the value estimated by classic Bailer-type methods. This Bayesian NCA approach for sparse data analysis provides statistical inference on the variability of AUC 0 (∞) -based parameters such as partition coefficient and drug targeting index, so that the comparison of these parameters following destructive sampling becomes statistically feasible.

Formations of Femininity: Science and Aesthetics in Facial Feminization Surgery.

Science.gov (United States)

Plemons, Eric

2017-10-01

Facial feminization surgery (FFS) is a set of bone and soft tissue reconstructive surgical procedures intended to feminize the faces of trans- women in order to make their identities as women recognizable to others. In this article, I explore how the identification of facial femininity was negotiated in two FFS surgeons' practices. One committed to the metrics of normal skeletal form and the other to aspirational aesthetics of individual optimization; I argue that surgeons' competing clinical approaches illustrate a constitutive tension in the proliferating therapeutic logics of trans- medicine. The growing popularity of surgical practices like FFS demonstrates a shift in American trans- therapeutics away from a singular focus on the genitalia as the location of bodily sex and toward understandings of sex as a product of social recognition.

Mapping Femininity as Self-reflection Strategy in Lady Mary Wortley Montagu’s Travel Letters

OpenAIRE

Amelia Precup

2017-01-01

The present paper participates in the discussion about the differences between masculine and feminine modes of travel in terms of interests, perception, and representation, by exploring the Letters of the Right Honourable Lady M--y W--y M--e Written during Her Travels in Europe, Asia and Africa, by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu. As a traveller, Lady Mary engaged in the contemplation of cultural landscapes: she attempted to understand the social logic of the communities she met and to assess the c...

Am I a Woman? The Normalisation of Woman in US History

Science.gov (United States)

Schmidt, Sandra J.

2012-01-01

The curriculum of US History has improved substantially in its presentation of women over the 40 years since Trecker's 1971 study of US History textbooks. While studies show increased inclusions, they also suggest that women have not yet claimed their own place in the school curriculum. This paper seeks to better understand the woman who is…

Pregnant woman mode for absorbed fraction calculations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cloutier, R.J.; Snyder, W.S.; Watson, E.E.

1977-01-01

The most radiation-sensitive segment of our population is the developing fetus. Until recently, methods available for calculating the dose to the fetus were inadequate because a model for the pregnant woman was not available. Instead, the Snyder and Fisher model of Reference Man, which includes a uterus, was frequently used to calculate absorbed fractions when the source was in various organs of the body and the nongravid uterus was the target. These values would be representative of the dose to the embryo during the early stages of pregnancy. Unfortunately, Reference Man is considerable larger than Reference Woman. The authors recently reported on the design of a Reference Woman phantom that has dimensions quite similar to the ICRP Reference Woman. This phantom was suitable for calculating the dose to the embryo during early stages of pregnancy (0 to 3 mo.), but was not suitable for the later stages of pregnancy because of the changing shape of the mother and the displacement of several abdominal organs brought about by the growth of the uterus and fetus. The models of Reference Woman that were subsequently developed for each month of pregnancy are described. The models take into account the growth of the uterus and fetus and the repositioning of the various abdominal organs. These models have been used to calculate absorbed fractions for the fetus as a target and the gastrointestinal tract as a source of radiation for twelve photon energies ranging from 10 keV to 4 MeV

Woman in Roman law: Subject or object of the law?

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Bogunović Mirjana

2012-01-01

Full Text Available In Rome, legal status of woman and her factual possibilities of impact on public life were in serious discrepancy. General attitude of the legal status of woman in time of Romans is best shown by Papinian, 'In many provisions of our law, the position of woman is worse than of man (D.9.1.5.'. Every free Roman woman was considered a subject of law, according to classical Roman law. Nevertheless, there were extensive legislations that limited her legal and business capacity. Naturally, woman did not have legal personality in all periods of Roman state and her legal status was adjusted to the factual changes that had occurred in Roman society. What makes her position specific in Rome is progressive social role that did not exist in Greek-Asian world. From these previously mentioned views, which were confronting, it is possible to draw some doubts. Was woman really on the margins of political happenings, or was she an actual actor, even initiator, of some political events?.

09 Kossew pp 134-146

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Tienie

has increasingly expressed an interest in taking on a feminine voice ... ageing writer and a younger woman, and each is mediated by a male narrator. This article ... reconstruct the life of his protagonist, Hanna X, by giving her a voice, when he ...

“SEDENTARY” WOMEN AND “COQUETTES” AT THE MARGIN: deviating feminineness in Renato Kehl’s works “sedentarias” y “coquettes

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André Luiz dos S. Silva

2008-12-01

Full Text Available The present text discusses about women marginalized by the normative and disciplinary discourse by Renato Kehl, one of the most important Brazilian eugenists. Among his works, we cut out the period between 1917 and 1929 to investigate how the image of deviating bodies and feminineness, together with the physical education image, is conceived. Referred to as “sedentary” and “coquettes”, Kehl uses their bodies attributing to them notions of impurity, indolence, and ugliness. In counterpart to the coquette’s artifices and the sedentary woman’s laziness, the eugenic woman should cultivate the honest beauty by performing gymnastic exercises – her beauty should be “natural” and hygienic. Health, honesty, robustness, and beauty are attributes that have become central with the marginalization of deviating feminineness. Este texto habla sobre mujeres marginadas por discursos normativos y disciplinares proferidos por Renato Kehl, uno de los más importantes defensores de la Eugenesia brasileña. En medio a su obra, recortamos el período entre 1917 y 1929, investigando, juntamente con la educación física, la imagen  femenina con desvío. Referidas como “sedentarias” y “coquettes”, Kehl utiliza sus cuerpos atribuyéndoles nociones de impureza, indolencia y fealdad. En contrapartida a las  artimañas de las “coquette”, y a la pereza de la sedentaria, la  mujer eugenesia debe cultivar la belleza honesta por medio de los ejercicios gimnásticos – su belleza debe ser “natural” y higiénica. Salud, honestidad, robustez y hermosura son predicados que se tornaron centrales con la marginalización de femenina con desvíos. Este texto fala sobre mulheres marginalizadas por dizeres normativos e disciplinares proferidos por Renato Kehl, um dos mais importantes eugenistas brasileiros. Em meio a sua obra, recortamos o período entre 1917 e 1929, para investigarmos como gesta, juntamente com a educação física, a imagem de

Gender and stress : is gender role stress? A reexamination of the relationship between feminine gender role stress and eating disorders

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bekker, M.H.J.; Boselie, A.H.M.

2002-01-01

The present study was, first, aimed at examining the relationship between eating disorders, feminine gender role stress and other types of stress. In addition, we investigated whether eating disordered women compared to non-clinical controls use depressogenic coping more often. We hypothesized that

Wonder Woman for a day: Affect, agency, and Amazons

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Matt Yockey

2012-06-01

Full Text Available In this paper, I consider the ways in which the feminist utopian ethos of Wonder Woman, as defined by her creator, William Marston, has been used to actualize real-life social change. Specifically, I examine fan Andy Mangels's creation of Wonder Woman Day, a charity event held annually at a Portland, Oregon, comic book store to raise funds for local domestic violence programs. I look at how an affective bond with Wonder Woman informs and guides an affective attachment to one's local and national communities, actualizing the utopian promise of self, commodity icon, and America. These utopian iterations are primarily defined by a celebration of pluralism, and thus Wonder Woman is used to validate the inherent pluralism of the self in relation to society, an empowering strategy for all consumer-citizens.

You Are How You Eat? Femininity, Normalization, and Veganism as an Ethical Practice of Freedom

OpenAIRE

Megan A. Dean

2014-01-01

In this paper I argue that the practice of veganism is, or can be, a Foucauldian ethical practice of freedom. I begin by sketching out the problematization of alimentary practices within a normalizing patriarchal framework, which some feminists argue is dominant within contemporary North American society. Within this problematization, eating—for many women—is a way to manage the body’s appearance and bring it into conformity with feminine norms, and also an ongoing opportunity to exercise the...

The relationship between domestic space and gender identity: Some signs of emergence of alternative domestic femininity and masculinity

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Cătălina-Ionela Rezeanu

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The premise of this article is that, by introducing domestic space in the analysis of gender identity, one might gain a more nuanced understanding of how gender and power are co-constitutive. The research question is what one could learn from the conclusions of recent studies about the relationship between gender identity and domestic space, by analyzing it as a way of “doing and undoing gender” through spatial practices. We conducted an interpretive synthesis, focusing on 20 articles published in the last ten years on the topics of domestic space, masculinity, and femininity. We show the traditional normative model of gender identity is still strong, but there are some signs, of the emergence of alternative domestic masculinity and femininity, based on the tendency to reconsider the value of domesticity, and to transgress traditional gender oppositions (mind and body, rational and emotional, public and private, work and domesticity. We discuss the implications of the findings for understanding and refining the concepts of doing and doing gender, and gendered space.

Cancer, woman and sexuality: a historic way reference symbol by impact and challenges

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Grayce Alencar Albuquerque

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The cancer appears in a man’s life as na agressive patology, reing-echo negative at every their spheres, especially above the sexuality female, already sensetized historically for your sort’s relations. Thus, at this crucial moment the sexual upheavals are lived deeply, the emotional alterations, the corporal disfiguraments, the social isolamentos and affective, at last, to break of this conjuncture, interioriza it low auto-they esteem staff. In this way, this literary revision had as objective to disclose, from diverse literary compositions that approached the thematic one, the real historical trajectory of the cancer associated with the feminine sex, mainly reing-echo on its sexuality, until the current days. This is a reality that deserves special attention, a time that the displayed data, are important to inquire the dimension of the impact caused for the cancer in the feminine sex that with certainty, will serve as base for elaboration of strategies for the confrontation of such pathology.

Impact of Family Sentiments on Indian Woman and Their Buying Behaviour

OpenAIRE

Ramesh Babu Kakumanu; Dr. V. Israel Raju; Dr. A. Kishore Kumar

2015-01-01

A woman basically is an emotional creature and woman without emotions is like cake without cream. They undergo all types of emotions like joy, fear, anger, humor, sex, empathy and love. Family sentiments are most powerful tools to push woman into emotional state of mind. Family sentiments in the form of relationships, sharing love, caring, security, warmth, sex, and living together are frequently used in the advertisements. This article studies family appeals impact on Indian woman. The age b...

House While Woman Grows

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Şengül Öymen Gür

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Discourses on woman/space relations boomed in the 90s. The fundamental reason was to give support to the Feminist Movement. This trend which has had feeble effect on architectural design remained controversial. The comprehensive research expounded in this article which was based on an open-ended questionnaire that targeted at determining the gender roles at home, applied to female subjects who simulated the national demographics, clearly demonstrated that the home experience of an average Turkish woman basically consists of kitchens; the female who runs the house does not really have a place for herself at home. However she does not perceive her restrained, secondary role an issue worthy of struggling to change and she grants spaces for recreation and study to the male. The well-established civil laws conducive for equality has not changed this disturbing situation and do not seem to do so in the near future.

Swimming literacy field hockey woman player ground.

OpenAIRE

Baštová, Miroslava

2012-01-01

Title: Swimming literacy field hockey woman player ground. Objectives: To obtain and analyze data on the level ground swimming literacy field hockey woman player. Their perception swimming literacy for life, the use of non-specific regeneration and as a training resource. Methods: Analysis of scientific literature, survey, case study, data analysis and graphical presentation of results. Results of the work: field hockey player as swimming literate, benefits swimming but not used as a means of...

Introduzione. Su Dio e i suoi uomini e i nostri sacrifici - Introduction. On God and His Men and Our Sacrifices

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Antonio Luigi Palmisano

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Anthropology has maybe too often confined itself in an analysis of liturgies and rituals – ideal or actual behaviours which are acknowledged by the social actor as addressed to supernatural beings or agents –, providing extraordinarily precise descriptions but renouncing to comprehend and relate the discourse on Man about himself -and implicitly about God- which is nevertheless traceable in all societies. Anthropology has avoided confrontation with the theologies, although present in all societies and inscribed in cosmogonies, theogonies, anthropogonies, ethnogonies, of which amazingly rich mythologies bear much more than plain traces. Anthropology has done so because it has given way to tekhne which is rampant nowadays. It has surrendered to tekhne because tekhne allows the elision of doubt. And yet, no matter how much one technifies it, anthropology does only exist as complementary to theology and vice versa, at least since the beginning of history. This relation was very clear to scholars such as Bronislaw Malinowski, Maurice Leenhard, Marcel Mauss or Meyer Fortes. After all, has there ever been a liturgy without a theology, a ritual without a cosmology? A sacrifice without a God, no matter how small? Sacrifice is a ritual par excellence.

Threat of the feminine identity: The emerging structure in exploring the process of women's empowerment for menopause management: A grounded theory study

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Mansoureh Yazdkhasti

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Women empowerment in different spheres of life especially menopause is among the key elements of health promotion in all communities. However there is no realistic images of empowering women in menopausal symptoms management. The present survey aimed to explain the process of women's empowerment for menopausal symptoms management. This qualitative study is part of a larger project which was conducted using Grounded Theory between 2013 and 2015. The article's main focus was to explore the underlying conditions and factors affecting the process of women's empowerment. Using a purposive and theoretical sampling method, 25 participants were interviewed 28 times. Data was collected through some in-depth, semi-structural and open ended interviews with the participant and also memoing and field notes. The interviews were conducted in Neighborhoods House affiliated to Tehran municipality and two gynecological clinics affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Data analysis was applied through Strauss and Corbin approach (2008 using MAXQDA10 software. Threat of the feminine identity has been noted as the women's most common concern to being empowered in menopause management. The key theme emerged in the present study (threat of the feminine identity included four main categories (consciousness about the likelihood of femininity decline, negative attitude towards herself, inadequate supportive context, latent opportunity, two subcategories and 109 first-level codes. There is a logical, coherent and integrated relationship between all these concepts and the theme of feminine identity threat. This theme is considered as an underlying social problem and a major concern for postmenopausal women in the context of this group of women's empowerment. The factors (barriers and facilitators affecting women's empowerment in menopause management are associated with social context, intensity and origin of each society. Evaluation of Iranian women

Woman to Woman (W2W): Adapting an HIV risk reduction intervention for older women.

Science.gov (United States)

Conner, Laneshia R; Engstrom, Malitta; Junious, Eric; Edwards-Knight, Kevin

2017-05-03

Woman to Woman (W2W) is a novel adaptation of the Sisters Informing Sisters about Topics on AIDS (SISTA) HIV prevention program. This article describes the process of adapting and piloting W2W based on recommendations from existing HIV prevention research. Six older women, all of whom had histories of homelessness and the majority of whom identified as African American, enrolled in the study, which piloted the adapted intervention and materials, evaluated the acceptability of the program, and assessed the measures related to the intervention. Participants described satisfaction with the program and had high rates of attendance; observations regarding the measures suggest the need to further develop assessments of HIV knowledge, condom use self-efficacy, and risk behaviors in this context.

"You Better Not Get Pregnant while You're Here": Tensions between Masculinities and Femininities in Military Communities of Practice

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Taber, Nancy

2011-01-01

Using a life history approach, this article explores the ways in which women in the military who are also mothers learn to embody various masculinities and femininities as they negotiate workplace gender processes. Complex intersections of gendered communities of practice result in the participants' learning to variously understand, accept, shape…

Paper for Colloquium on "Teaching of Woman's History."

Science.gov (United States)

Schnorrenberg, Barbara

This paper is a report on a course to be offered by the author at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill entitled "Woman's History in the West." The author describes the difficulties she had in procuring information to present to her class. The course is outlined as follows: (1) the problems of studying woman's history; (2) the medieval…

An anatomically realistic whole-body pregnant-woman model and specific absorption rates for pregnant-woman exposure to electromagnetic plane waves from 10 MHz to 2 GHz

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nagaoka, Tomoaki; Togashi, Toshihiro; Saito, Kazuyuki; Takahashi, Masaharu; Ito, Koichi; Watanabe, Soichi

2007-01-01

The numerical dosimetry of pregnant women is an important issue in electromagnetic-field safety. However, an anatomically realistic whole-body pregnant-woman model for electromagnetic dosimetry has not been developed. Therefore, we have developed a high-resolution whole-body model of pregnant women. A new fetus model including inherent tissues of pregnant women was constructed on the basis of abdominal magnetic resonance imaging data of a 26-week-pregnant woman. The whole-body pregnant-woman model was developed by combining the fetus model and a nonpregnant-woman model that was developed previously. The developed model consists of about 7 million cubical voxels of 2 mm size and is segmented into 56 tissues and organs. This pregnant-woman model is the first completely anatomically realistic voxel model that includes a realistic fetus model and enables a numerical simulation of electromagnetic dosimetry up to the gigahertz band. In this paper, we also present the basic specific absorption rate characteristics of the pregnant-woman model exposed to vertically and horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves from 10 MHz to 2 GHz

Ancient and modern women in the "Woman's World".

Science.gov (United States)

Hurst, Isobel

2009-01-01

Under the editorship of Oscar Wilde, the "Woman's World" exemplified the popular dissemination of Hellenism through periodical culture. Addressing topics such as marriage, politics, and education in relation to the lives of women in the ancient world, the magazine offered an unfamiliar version of the reception of ancient Greece and Rome in late-Victorian aestheticism, one that was accessible to a wide readership because it was often based on images rather than texts. The classical scholar Jane Ellen Harrison addressed herself to this audience of women readers, discussing the similarities between modern collegiate life and the "woman's world" that enabled Sappho to flourish in ancient Greece. The "Woman's World" thus questions gender stereotypes by juxtaposing ancient and modern women, implicitly endorsing varied models of womanhood.

Perception of body image and sexuality for women with mastectomy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, H D; Gregersen, A M; Thorup, Charlotte Brun

Background Having cancer and having one breast removed can affect all aspects of a woman's life. The literature shows that many women experience an altered body image and sexuality, loss of femininity, a feeling of less sexual attractiveness and decline in self-esteem. Furthermore mastectomy can...

Mídia e educação da mulher: uma discussão teórica sobre modos de enunciar o feminino na TV Media and Woman's Education: A Theoretical Discussion about the Ways to Enunciate the Feminine on Television

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ROSA MARIA BUENO FISCHER

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho discutem-se os conceitos de poder, subjetivação e (anormalidade, de Michel Foucault, bem como os conceitos de cultura e diferença propostos por Homi Bhabha, em relação à temática da enunciação do feminino, conforme a psicanalista Maria Rita Kehl. Tal discussão é feita no sentido de expor a fundamentação de uma pesquisa em andamento sobre a subjetividade feminina na mídia televisiva, a qual dá continuidade a investigações anteriores, cujos resultados são também brevemente comentados. O que está em jogo é uma descrição de como se constrói um discurso sobre as mulheres em diferentes produtos televisivos, atentando para os vazios do simbólico em relação ao feminino. Este, conforme Kehl, tanto para os homens como para as mulheres, "constitui a dimensão maldita na nossa cultura", já que as mulheres estariam historicamente numa posição em que o sujeito é sempre o outro: ou o pai, ou a mãe fálica ou o parceiro.This paper discusses Foucault's concepts of power, subjectification and (anormality, as well as Homi Bhabha's concepts of culture and difference, in relation to the question of the feminine enunciation as articulated by the psychoanalyst Maria Rita Kehl. The article assesses how discourses on women are constructed in different televised products, emphasizing the symbolic emptiness/silences of the feminine. According to Kehl, for both men and women this fact is a consequence of "the cursed dimension in our culture," since women have been historically in a position in which the subject is always the other: be it the father, the phallic mother or the partner.

Marginalised Identity in Timberlake Wertenbaker’s Play: New Anatomies

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Ayça B. Ülker Erkan

2017-06-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this study is to discuss the space for a marginalized feminine identity in contemporary British feminist dramatist Timberlake Wertenbaker’s play. The play New Anatomies dramatizes the life of a historical woman called Isabelle Eberhardt, who disguised herself as an Arab man called Si Mahmoud living among Algerians. The focus of the play is the construction of a marginalised identity through dislocation of a woman from the European culture. Finding no space for her radical identity, she disguises herself as an Arab man to escape the constraints imposed on women by European ideals of femininity. Eberhardt disrupts the conventional gender codes by showing how gender is dramatized within the space of the salon. In contrast, Eberhardt is received as a man in male attire when travelling in Algeria trying to find out a space for her radical identity. She achieves a certain kind of freedom by her dislocation although this eventually leads to her death in desert.

Mujer delincuente, víctima de la violencia en los altos de Jalisco (2005-2008 “Flores marchitas”/Women offenders, victim of violence in los altos de Jalisco (2005-2008 "Blooms"

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Martha Fabiola García Álvarez

2010-08-01

Full Text Available The moment I saw him over the history of that humanity, it is well-known it problem that live the woman, her victim femenine by part of the man and that of feminine same, away who unchain an serried of conduct antisociales femenine. The difficulty of the study of this phenomenon, it is debit principalmind at the femenine personality, at the constant evolution of his enviroment and of herself. The preoccupy before is who today in day, so much the victimation as the feminine delincuency them continue mostly grow, and that not those exist truthful mechanism of prevention and solution.

Equipes gerenciadas por mulheres: representações sociais sobre gerenciamento feminino Women managers' teams: social representations about feminine management

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Tânia Maria Fontenele Mourão

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudo teve como objetivo apreender a maneira como as equipes que têm uma mulher como gerente estão construindo representações sociais sobre este gerenciar. Participaram 74 mulheres e 72 homens de equipes que trabalham com sete mulheres que atingiram o topo de carreira, ocupando cargos administrativos nos níveis DAS 5 e DAS 6 da Administração Pública Federal. Utilizou-se a associação livre de palavras, sendo as respostas analisadas pelo software EVOC. Os resultados indicam que os participantes identificam algumas características que as equipes atribuem ao gerenciamento feminino. Apontam para uma forma de gestão voltada para as relações pessoais, respeito pela pessoa, preocupação com a qualidade do trabalho. Um gerenciamento cujo estilo interativo se caracterizaria pela capacidade de promover a inclusão, característico das formas de redes planas de gestão.The aim of this study was to apprehend the way teams that have a woman as amanager are building the social representation about this management. The participants were 74 women and 72 men whose teams work with seven women who have reached the top of their careers in administrative positions of DAS 5 and DAS 6 levels of the Public Federal Administration. A free association test was applied and analyzed through the EVOC software. The results showed that the participants identified some characteristics on women management that were considered a feminine form of leadership: interpersonal relationship, respect for individuality, concern with the quality of work. This kind of management carries an interactive style that is characterized by the capacity to promote inclusion, which is a characteristic of flat management nets.

Reflexões sobre O caso de Ellen West: estudo antropológico-clínico, de Binswanger

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Manoel Tosta Berlinck

2008-06-01

Full Text Available O relato do caso de Ellen West ilustra de forma magistral que a questão da anorexia não está somente ligada a um problema alimentar. Revela tratar-se de um conflito entre o ego e o superego e, portanto, representa uma neurose narcísica. A severidade do superego baseia-se nas regras de cumprimento dos ideais. Quanto mais esses forem elevados, menos poderão ser satisfeitos. Geralmente, para ser objeto de investimento amoroso do superego o ego tem que se mostrar como o que não é: o ideal.

A pouca visibilidade da mulher brasileira no tráfico de drogas La invisibilidad de la mujer brasilera ligada al tráfico de drogas The low visibility of the brazilian woman in the drug trafficking

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Kátia Ovídia José de Souza

2009-12-01

literature about gender violence, there are few studies about the visibility of the woman as author of violent acts, specifically, drug trafficking, the main reason for the imprisonment of woman in recent years, and contributing to the increase in rates of the woman as author of violent acts. Thereby, this article tries to contribute with more enlightenment about feminine violence, a theme which is not much discussed.

A Woman with a Plan: Recognizing Competencies for Ascent to Administration in Higher Education

Science.gov (United States)

Turner, Paaige K.; Norwood, Kristen; Noe, Charlotte

2013-01-01

Despite progress, women are still disproportionally underrepresented in leadership positions in higher education. Women must contend with a glass ceiling, which we argue is constituted by discourses of impossibility and femininity. These discourses discourage women from recognizing their qualifications, continuing to develop skills, and making a…

Toward an understanding of the cerebral substrates of woman's orgasm.

Science.gov (United States)

Bianchi-Demicheli, Francesco; Ortigue, Stephanie

2007-09-20

The way women experience orgasm is of interest to scientists, clinicians, and laypeople. Whereas the origin and the function of a woman's orgasm remains controversial, the current models of sexual function acknowledge a combined role of central (spinal and cerebral) and peripheral processes during orgasm experience. At the central level, although it is accepted that the spinal cord drives orgasm, the cerebral involvement and cognitive representation of a woman's orgasm has not been extensively investigated. Important gaps in our knowledge remain. Recently, the astonishing advances of neuroimaging techniques applied in parallel with a neuropsychological approach allowed the unravelling of specific functional neuroanatomy of a woman's orgasm. Here, clinical and experimental findings on the cortico-subcortical pathway of a woman's orgasm are reviewed and compared with the neural basis of a man's orgasm. By defining the specific brain areas that sustain the assumed higher-order representation of a woman's orgasm, this review provides a foundation for future studies. The next challenge of functional imaging and neuropsychological studies is to understand the hierarchical interactions between these multiple cortical areas, not only with a correlation analysis but also with high spatio-temporal resolution techniques demonstrating the causal necessity, the temporal time course and the direction of the causality. Further studies using a multi-disciplinary approach are needed to identify the spatio-temporal dynamic of a woman's orgasm, its dysfunctions and possible new treatments.

A woman-centred childbirth model | Maputle | Health SA Gesondheid

African Journals Online (AJOL)

A model for woman-centred childbirth was developed through four phases in accordance with the objectives of the study, namely, a description of mothers' experiences of childbirth and that of attending midwives of managing mothers during childbirth concept analysis of woman-centred care, model development, and an ...

Healing Through States of Consciousness: Animal Sacrifice and Christian Prayer Among the Kachin in Southwest China.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Wenyi

2016-01-01

Healing rituals can be understood in terms of configurations of two states of consciousness-a culturally elaborated everyday waking consciousness, and an enhanced and culturally elaborated state of consciousness. Two healing rituals performed by the ethnic Kachin in Southwest China differentiate these two states of consciousness in their theories of life and death. The first ritual, animal sacrifice, employs the ordinary consciousness, including will and expectation, of participants through the enhanced state of consciousness of the ritual officiant. The second, Christian prayer, utilizes the enhanced consciousness of Christian Congregation to achieve psychic transformation. These two rituals maneuver different configurations of the two states of consciousness in achieving healing efficacy.

The Black Woman's Burden

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Hayes, Dianne

2012-01-01

Not even the first lady of the most powerful nation in the world is immune to stereotypes that have plagued Black women since first setting foot on American soil. Stereotypes of being the "angry Black woman" and curiosity about differences in appearance still persist from the academy to 1600 Pennsylvania Ave. As African-American women rise in…

Cute Boys or Game Boys? The Embodiment of Femininity and Masculinity in Young Norwegians’ Text Message Love-Projects

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Lin Prøitz

2005-01-01

Full Text Available By looking at young Norwegians’ text messages in sexual romantic negotiations, this article examines whether text messages may provide a site for performing femininity and masculinity in ways that subvert traditional conceptions of these constructs. Although various studies on gender, sexuality and media [1] have consistently indicated gender specific usage/performances which in this article is indicated and supported by the study’s young informants’ own formulations, the discourse analysis approach employed a more complex image. Here, I focus on how the young people indicate and translate their modes and body-language into texts, paying particular attention to how signs of femininity and masculinity emerge in text message love-projects, I argue that especially for young males, text messages in love-projects offer a site where in particular young males may perform masculinity in counter-traditional ways. The article is a part of a long study of young Norwegian’s usages, self-understanding and gender performances through text message communication. [[1] Döring, Hellwig and Klimsa, 2004, Hareide 2002, Johnsen 2000, Lee and Sohn, 2004, Ling 1998, 1999, 2002, 2004, 2005, Skog 2000, 2002

A Case Study of Anorexia Nervosa Driven by Religious Sacrifice

OpenAIRE

Amelia A. Davis; Mathew Nguyen

2014-01-01

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is considered a relatively “modern” disorder; however, a number of scholarly works have cited examples of voluntary self-starvation dating back to several centuries. In particular, there are many examples of female starvation for religious reasons during the medieval period, with many being elevated to sainthood. We present a case of an elderly woman with AN who began restricting her diet when she was 13-years old while studying to be a nun at a Catholic convent. She rep...

Erfolgreiche Ambivalenz. Sarah Bernhardts Inszenierungen von Weiblichkeit Successful Ambivalence: Sarah Bernhardt’s Staging of Femininity

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Doris Kolesch

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Claudia Thorun untersucht die Inszenierungen von Weiblichkeit am Beispiel der Schauspielerin Sarah Bernhardt, die im späten 19. und beginnenden 20. Jahrhundert zu den erfolgreichsten Künstlerinnen ihrer Zeit gehörte. Dazu werden die Darstellungen ausgewählter Rollenfiguren ebenso analysiert wie die schauspieltheoretischen Überlegungen Bernhardts und schließlich die Rezeption ihres Schaffens in Theaterkritiken, aber auch Werbebildern und Medieninszenierungen. Das lesenswerte Buch erlaubt Einblicke in konkrete theatrale Verkörperungen von Weiblichkeit im Fin de Siècle, unternimmt jedoch keine ausreichende theatergeschichtliche wie kulturwissenschaftliche Kontextualisierung, obwohl die Verfasserin in der Einleitung ihrer Studie das Ziel formuliert, Gendertheorie, Theatergeschichte und Kulturwissenschaft zu verknüpfen.Claudia Thorun examines the staging of femininity using the example of the actress Sarah Bernhardt, who in the late nineteenth century was among the most successful artists of her time. The study includes analyses of the representation of specific roles, Bernhardt’s theories on acting, and finally the reception of her work in theater critiques, as well as advertisement images and representations in the media. The book, which is a worthwhile read, allows for insight into the concrete theatrical embodiment of femininity at the fin de siècle. It does not provide, however, adequate contextualization within theater history nor cultural studies, even though in her introduction, the author asserts that it is her intention to link together gender theory, theater history, and cultural studies.

An Examination of Brenhoma Cultural Heritage in Asare Konadu's A ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Uwaifo's view succinctly captures the essence of this paper which examines Brenhoma cultural heritage exposed by Asare Konadu in A woman in Her Prime. The paper specifically beams its searchlight on Brenhoma cultural heritage paying particular attention to their sacrifices, omen, purifications, beliefs and funeral rites ...

Performing Femininity in Japanese Politics: Chikage Ogi Case Study

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Alison Luke

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Women’s access to the political sphere in Japan has been limited by structural constraints which perpetuate their roles primarily as housewives and mothers. Some women who seek to become professional politicians use these images of traditional femininity as a deliberate tactic in political campaigns to provide a culturally acceptable way for them to express their political views. This paper analyses the life of Chikage Ōgi, a Japanese politician who was once a Takarazuka actress, in order to develop a deeper understanding of the ways in which gender-role expectations restrict women’s access to opportunities throughout their life course and the pragmatic ways that women strive to achieve their goals despite this. Ōgi used the performance skills she developed during her time as an actress to enhance her political image and fulfil her political ambitions. This paper highlights Ōgi’s creativity in enacting agency in Japan’s male-dominated political sphere and demonstrates the complex ways she both upheld and subverted gender norms in order to achieve political longevity.

Work and Female Identity.

Science.gov (United States)

Reohr, Janet R.

In climbing an organizational ladder dominated by males, the professional woman encounters obstacles to the more traditional feminine behaviors and mannerisms to which she may be accustomed. These obstacles may erode her sense of identity, creating difficulties both inside and outside of her work environment. Traditional distinctions between…

The status of a breastfeeding woman in labour law

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Rabovanović Dragana

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The legal status of an employed woman who is breastfeeding is regulated by the special Occupational Safety and Health Act. This Act implies a number of specific measures developed to ensure that breastfeeding women and their children, as a particularly vulnerable group, are provided with a fuller support and protection. Thus, a breastfeeding woman is guaranteed the right to take one or more daily breaks to breastfeed her child, or the right to work shorter working hours on the daily basis, provided that she returns to work within a period of one year from the birth of her child. Moreover, a breastfeeding woman shall not be obliged to perform work which has been assessed as significantly risky to her health or to the health of her child. However, a complete occupational safety and health protection of a breastfeeding woman also implies protection from discrimination on the grounds of family responsibilities, as well as creating work environment where every employee can effectively exercise the right to fair working conditions, taking into consideration the risk of discrimination that the breastfeeding woman is exposed to and the difficulties she faces while exercising certain employment rights. This paper analyses the status of employed breastfeeding women in labour legislation in order to discuss and underscore the legal protection goals and to indicate the risks which endanger their dignity and wellbeing.

Images, femininity and cancer: an analysis of an international patient education programme.

Science.gov (United States)

Phillips, Catherine

2009-01-01

This article is an analysis of a cancer patient education programme run by cosmetic companies. I focus on an analysis of imagery, arguing that there are particular discursive elements that the cosmetic companies use in order to make productive the relationship between femininity and cancer. I contextualize this education programme by presenting the controversies regarding cosmetics as they relate to the growth of breast tumours. In doing so, I conclude that conversations and questions about a link between chemicals and cancer are subverted by both ;horror' narratives of cancer and the provocative use of standards of beauty. Such discursive dominance in patient education programmes makes it difficult to engage in a more public understanding of cancer growth as affected by cosmetic chemicals.

The Needs of the Spanish Speaking Mujer [Woman] in Woman-Manpower Training Programs.

Science.gov (United States)

Nieto-Gomez, Anna

Although the Spanish Speaking woman is usually considered to be outside the labor market, 36 percent of the 52 percent Spanish Speaking women were in the labor force in March 1972. These women suffer economic-sexist discrimination due to ascription of work according to sex and race by a racial-sexual hierarchy existing within the traditional…

«Cosa bella mortal, passa, e non dura». L’enjeu esthétique de la vieillesse féminine à l’aube de l’époque moderne

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Caroline Schuster Cordone

2006-11-01

Full Text Available The present article focuses on the physical decline and the aesthetic dimension of feminine decrepitude at the beginning of Modern Times, trough images and statements of art theorists, artists and poets. The centre of our reflection is the aged and aging female body, which represented the absolute opposite to the existing renaissance discourse on feminine beauty. Confronted with the praise of an always admired youth, how did written and pictorial sources express the alteration due to feminine aging, and were there any ways to react to the effects of old age? Possible answers to these questions emerge through the analysis of images and texts facing the problem, as well as trough the study of the representation of the aging process itself, visible in images depicting a young woman at the mirror facing her aged reflection.

Becoming a Woman Doctor in Iran: The Formation of Classed and Gendered Selves

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Fathi, Mastoureh

2018-01-01

This paper analyses the pedagogical pathways of a group of first-generation Iranian migrant doctors in the UK. It explores the complex system of class production and growing up as a classed subject in Iran, a process that ties young women's educational aspirations to female independence on the one hand and to the modern feminine, heterosexual…

"Yra pasauly moteris, kurion jos visos tilpo" : (Beatričės paveikslas Juozo Grušo tragikomedijoje "Meilė, džiazas ir velnias")

OpenAIRE

Aleksandravičiūtė, Andželika

2010-01-01

The article discusses Beatriče, the main character of Juozas Grušas's tragicomedy Meilė, Džiazas ir Velnias (Love, Jazz and Devil). Beatrice is a character of a complex psychological structure; she embraces the experiences of both a naive girl and mature woman. A number of feminine versions, often contrasting yet all surrounded by a particular aureole of ideality, are encoded in Beatrice. The woman acts here not only as a real personality but also as a certain idea embodying love, truth and b...

The varying value of a friendly face: Experimentally induced stress is associated with higher preferences for friendship with people possessing feminine versus masculine face traits.

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Little, Anthony C; Harcus, Kerry

2016-01-01

Social support can provide a buffer to the negative consequences of stress. Previous research suggests that stress can promote affiliative and cooperative behaviours in those who are stressed. Here we examined how stress might influence who we choose to affiliate with. We measured preferences for friendships with friendly appearing feminized faces versus less friendly appearing masculinized faces after individuals undertook a stressful laboratory task. Stressed individuals had increased preferences for friendships with people with feminine faces. These data demonstrate that individuals prefer more friendly appearing feminine faced people as friends when stressed than when not stressed. This preference is likely adaptive in directing individuals towards others who are most likely to provide social support when it is needed and so reflect strategic friendship preferences.

Mulher no climatério: reflexões sobre desejo sexual, beleza e feminilidade Women in the climacteric: reflections on sexual desire, beauty and femininity

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Cecília Nogueira Valença

2010-06-01

Full Text Available O climatério é um período abrangente da vida feminina, caracterizado por alterações metabólicas e hormonais que trazem mudanças envolvendo o contexto psicossocial. Tendo como referência as alterações de sexualidade vivenciadas no climatério, este trabalho tem por objetivo refletir sobre desejo sexual, beleza e feminilidade da mulher nessa fase. A metodologia adotada consistiu em estudo bibliográfico, em livros e artigos publicados, entre 1999 e 2009. A exigência exacerbada pela beleza eterna e jovialidade é agravada no climatério, no qual o corpo feminino não tem o mesmo vigor físico pelas alterações decorrentes do envelhecimento. A mulher climatérica vive o mito da perda do desejo sexual, todavia, continua a sentir prazer, não devendo deixar de manifestar amor e sexualidade. A visão social estereotipada sobre o papel da mulher (esposa e mãe pode interferir negativamente na visão das mulheres sobre si mesmas e no seu relacionamento com as pessoas e o mundo. Nesse sentido, é importante que as mulheres tenham acesso à informação em saúde para a compreensão das mudanças do período de climatério/menopausa, contemplando e ressignificando tal fase como integrante de seus ciclos de vida e não como sinônimo de velhice, improdutividade e fim da sexualidade.The climacteric is a long period of a woman's life, characterized by metabolic and hormonal alterations that bring changes involving the psychosocial context. Having as reference the sexuality alterations experienced in the climacteric, this literature review aims to reflect on women's sexual desire, beauty and femininity in this phase. The methodology involved a bibliographic study of papers and books published between 1999 and 2009. The exaggerated need of eternal beauty and youth is aggravated in the climacteric, when the female body does not have the same physical vigor due to alterations deriving from aging. The climacteric woman lives the myth of loss of sexual

Reaching out to Ebola victims: Coercion, persuasion or an appeal for self-sacrifice?

Science.gov (United States)

Calain, Philippe; Poncin, Marc

2015-12-01

The 2014-2015 Ebola crisis in West Africa has highlighted the practical limits of upholding human rights and common ethical principles when applying emergency public-health measures. The role of medical teams in the implementation of quarantine and isolation has been equivocal, particularly when such measures are opposed by communities who are coerced by the temporary suspension of civil liberties. In their encounters with Ebola victims, outreach teams face moral dilemmas, where the boundaries are unclear between coercion, persuasion and appeals for self-sacrifice. For those teams, we propose a set of practical recommendations aimed at respecting the autonomy of epidemic victims and easing tensions within communities. We recognize that some of these recommendations are progressively achievable, depending on the specific stage or setting of an outbreak. Yet with the increasing availability of experimental treatments and research interventions, weighing patients' autonomy against the common good will become an even more pressing ethical obligation. Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

The Significance of Career Narrative in Examining a High-Achieving Woman's Career

Science.gov (United States)

Elley-Brown, Margaret J.

2011-01-01

In this qualitative study, the career journey of one New Zealand woman was analysed. Three key findings emerged: the power of narrative as a vehicle for this woman's story, her movement towards greater authenticity and spiritual fulfilment as a mature woman, and the ongoing struggle for concurrent fulfilment from communal and agentic perspectives.…

The reasonable woman standard: effects on sexual harassment court decisions.

Science.gov (United States)

Perry, Elissa L; Kulik, Carol T; Bourhis, Anne C

2004-02-01

Some federal courts have used a reasonable woman standard rather than the traditional reasonable man or reasonable person standard to determine whether hostile environment sexual harassment has occurred. The current research examined the impact of the reasonable woman standard on federal district court decisions, controlling for other factors found to affect sexual harassment court decisions. Results indicated that there was a weak relationship between whether a case followed a reasonable woman precedent-setting case and the likelihood that the court decision favored the plaintiff. The implications of our findings for individuals and organizations involved in sexual harassment claims are discussed.

Spa as Arena of Career Woman Resistance to Patriarch Domination

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Bhernadetta Pravita Wahyuningtyas

2011-04-01

Full Text Available This study examines the career women who use the habit of treating the body through the routine of coming to spas, which aims to overcome the dominance of patriarchy. This study uses several concepts. First, muted group theory, which states that woman, is the one that silenced; so to overcome this condition, women should perform self-transformation. The transformation is aligned with the second concept, feminist existentialist, which defines the transformation as the change of a woman concept from Other to Self. The transformation can be achieved not only by working outside the domestic sphere, but also supported by a good appearance through a complete body treatment. Grooming habits acquired through socialization that derived in woman since their childhood. The socialization is about how women as a person who is considered weak by the world of patriarchal domination using the power of their beauty to master, subdue, and break the domination in her life. Then, with their good appearance, woman can express their existence in everything that they do from object become subject. Spa and the whole result of the activities contained in it then consciously become a way of resistance that being used by the career woman against the domination of patriarchy which overshadowing their lives. 

"Good Girls": Emphasised Femininity as Cloning Culture in Academia

Science.gov (United States)

Mattsson, Tina

2015-01-01

Gender inequality in academia might be understood as an effect of the belief of a contradiction between woman and science, which make it difficult for women to appropriate the right to author and authorise acts of knowing and thinking in science. In relation to this concern, the aim of this article is to explore how a group of successful women…

Feminine leadership and organisational culture

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Andreea-Simona Saseanu

2014-05-01

Full Text Available People in general, leaders especially, are influenced by the organisational culture and the other way around. Organisational culture represents a determining factor regarding the display of leadership, since these two processes create each other, adding value and consistency to one another. Moreover, organisational culture can be created and developed in a fluctuant business environment, in which the external factors influence its progress. The development of society has incessantly been emphasized by the relationship between the sexes, by their individual evolution, but also by the interdependency between them. Although there is increasingly more talk about gender equality, in many countries, the social as well as economical chances and opportunities are not equal for women and men. Gradually, women have been through a series of changes related to education, rights and obligations. However, the number of women leaders has always been much lower than the number of men leaders. The personality traits of leaders significantly influence the leadership style and the way in which they are perceived by their subordinates, all this having a major impact on the overall performances of the organisation. In this manner, depending on the gender (masculine/feminine, we can state that one could observe certain personality traits that are characteristic to women and others specific to men, leaving their mark on the leadership method and on the leadership style adopted of each of them. Considering the fact that, in the current turbulent economic environment, certain qualities such as flexibility, intuition, development of communication networks and motivating the employees represent values that are considered to be “feminine”, one can assert that, in this case, gender is an opportunity. However, if we should take into consideration the impact of culture, of certain mentalities and misconceptions that are still present, regarding the woman’s standing in

Visions of Woman-Centered History.

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Evans, Sara M.

1982-01-01

Discusses three alternative approaches to women's history: (1) that although men have made history, women have contributed; (2) that women have been victimized, cross-culturally and throughout time; and (3) "woman-centered history," which recognizes the reality of repression but accords women the dignity of having survived and shaped social…

A pregnant woman with spontaneous rupture of the uterine artery

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jònsdòttir, Fjòla; Pinborg, Anja; Wilken-Jensen, Charlotte

2014-01-01

Pregnant women with acute abdominal pain are a clinical challenge. We present a rare but potential life-threatening condition of a pregnant woman with acute abdominal pain. The woman was in gestational week 37 with severe abdominal pain and was admitted to the labour ward. She became haemo...

Hurrah for the Reasonable Woman.

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Leland, Dorothy

1994-01-01

Recent court cases on sexual harassment, and the outcomes, were reviewed in terms of how the court viewed a "reasonable" woman. Rulings in such cases can vary because of different interpretations of the "reasonable" concept. Also discusses how recent rulings will affect sexual harassment policymakers in the workplace and educational institutions.…

The Creation of Man and Woman in Early Jewish Literature

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ruiten, J.T.A.G.M. van; Luttikhuizen, G P

2000-01-01

J.T.A.G.M. van Ruiten, “The Creation of Man and Woman in Early Jewish Literature,” in The Creation of Man and Woman: Interpretations of the Biblical Narratives in Jewish and Christian Traditions (ed. Gerard P. Luttikhuizen; Themes in Biblical Narrative 3; Leiden, Boston, and Köln: Brill, 2000),

Psychosocial characteristics and motivational factors in woman seeking cosmetic breast augmentation surgery

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Nikolić Jelena

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Background/Aim. There are various opinions regarding the factors motivating women to undergo breast augmentation. The aim of this study was to estimate motivation for augmentation mammaplasty (AM, self-esteem and body image perception in breast augmentation patients. Methods. This prospective study involved AM patients operated in the Clinical Center of Vojvodina during a 3-year period. A total of 45 patients responded to our package of questionnaires designed to assess motivation for surgery, self-esteem level and body image perception. Those patients were compared to the control group of women who did not want to change their breast size, and who were similar in their age, social status and education level. Our package of questionnaires included a general questionnaire, Photographic Figure Rating Scale (PFRS and Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale. Results. Differences in marital status, educational level, habitation and employment status were statistically insignificant, but there was a significantly lower body mass index (BMI in the operated women. Considering motives for surgery, a few factors were distinguished: desire to feel more feminine (82.2%, confident (75.5% and attractive (73.3%, to feel less shy with men (64.4%, to improve their sex life (46.5%, teasing history (42.2% and easier to find a partner (11.1% and job (2.2%. Both groups demonstrated a high self-esteem level, but in the AM group results were lower than in the control group. The mean current self-rating by the PFRS in the group AM was lower than in the control group (4.28 ± 1.3 vs 5.12 ± 1.23, respectively and this coincided with lower BMI in the AM group. The women in the AM group had chosen significantly smaller body size as maximally attractive, and had chosen a narrower attractive body size range than the women in the control group. Conclusion. Preoperative evaluation of patients’ motives for surgery can help surgeons to exclude woman with unrealistic expectations and

Psychosocial characteristics and motivational factors in woman seeking cosmetic breast augmentation surgery.

Science.gov (United States)

Nikolić, Jelena; Janjić, Zlata; Marinković, Marija; Petrović, Jelica; Bozić, Teodora

2013-10-01

There are various opinions regarding the factors motivating women to undergo breast augmentation. The aim of this study was to estimate motivation for augmentation mammaplasty (AM), self-esteem and body image perception in breast augmentation patients. This prospective study involved AM patients operated in the Clinical Center of Vojvodina during a 3-year period. A total of 45 patients responded to our package of questionnaires designed to assess motivation for surgery, self-esteem level and body image perception. Those patients were compared to the control group of women who did not want to change their breast size, and who were similar in their age, social status and education level. Our package of questionnaires included a general questionnaire, Photographic Figure Rating Scale (PFRS) and Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale. Differences in marital status, educational level, habitation and employment status were statistically insignificant, but there was a significantly lower body mass index (BMI) in the operated women. Considering motives for surgery, a few factors were distinguished: desire to feel more feminine (82.2%), confident (75.5%) and attractive (73.3%), to feel less shy with men (64.4%), to improve their sex life (46.5%), teasing history (42.2%) and easier to find a partner (11.1%) and job (2.2%). Both groups demonstrated a high self-esteem level, but in the the AM group results were lower than in the control group. The mean current self-rating by the PFRS in the group AM was lower than in the control group (4.28 +/- 1.3 vs 5.12 +/- 1.23, respectively) and this coincided with lower BMI in the AM group. The women in the AM group had chosen significantly smaller body size as maximally attractive, and had chosen a narrower attractive body size range than the women in the control group. CONCLUSION. Preoperative evaluation of patients' motives for surgery can help surgeons to exclude woman with unrealistic expectations and different psychological problems.

"Feminine Protection": The Effects of Menstruation on Attitudes towards Women

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Roberts, Tomi-Ann; Goldenberg, Jamie L.; Power, Cathleen; Pyszczynski, Tom

2002-01-01

An experiment tested the hypothesis that reminders of a woman's menstrual status lead to more negative reactions to her and increased objectification of women in general. Participants interacted with a female confederate who ostensibly accidentally dropped either a tampon or hair clip out of her handbag. Dropping the tampon led to lower…

Sibilla Aleramo ovvero la specificità del femminile | Meda | Italian ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

She applies her awareness of her own specific identity as a woman and a writer to her novels, poems and plays, thus not only bringing about the actualization of her own feminine identity but also transforming the process ... It is in art that Aleramo finds the perfect channel to communicate her female essence and subjectivity.

'With woman' philosophy: examining the evidence, answering the questions.

Science.gov (United States)

Carolan, Mary; Hodnett, Ellen

2007-06-01

'With woman', 'woman centred' and 'in partnership with women' are new terms associated with midwifery care in Australia, and the underlying philosophy has emerged both as an antidote to the medicalisation of pregnancy and in a bid to reacquaint women with their natural capacity to give birth successfully and without intervention. A reorientation of midwifery services in the 1990s, a shift towards midwifery-led care (MLC) and the subsequent introduction of direct entry midwifery programs all contributed to this new direction. Central concepts are a focus on the childbearing woman and a valuing of women's experiences. While this philosophical re-alignment has been applauded by many midwives in terms of maternal empowerment and improved autonomy for midwives, there are nonetheless some concerns that, with its emphasis on normality, midwifery-led care is in danger of becoming an exclusionary model. Particular concerns include meeting the needs of a growing cohort of women, those with 'high risk' pregnancies, and the educational adequacy of direct entry midwifery programs. To date, there has been no thorough evaluation of this emerging midwifery philosophy in Australia. In order to open the debate, this paper aims to initiate a discussion of 'with woman' midwifery care as it applies to Australian practice.

The Amazons and an analysis of breast mutilation from a plastic surgeon's perspective.

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Karacalar, Ahmet

2007-03-01

The Amazon philosophy has been increasing in popularity because of the evolving status of women in society. Many references point to Themiscrya on the southern coast of the Black Sea in Anatolia as the Amazon homeland. The primary objective of this article is to discuss the different femininity of the Amazons and their breast mutilation from the perspective of a plastic surgeon who has been living in this region that the Amazons inhabited. Findings from archaeology, linguistics, anthropology, medicine, history, psychology, and the fine arts were integrated. The hypotheses that have been proposed to explain the method of breast mutilation include amputation, cauterization, breast searing, and breast pinching. It is generally believed that the primary purpose was to facilitate the efficient use of a bow. Another explanation would be that breast mutilation was performed for medical reasons, including the prevention of breast pain, the development of a tender lump, or cancer. There is another school of thought on this involving religious and sociological reasons that breast mutilation was a badge of honor for warrior women and a sign that a woman had become a real warrior and a sacrifice to Artemis as a sign of service. Much indirect proof and archaeological evidence point to their historical existence. The Amazons, who lived in an autonomous and original social model, changed their image and function to suit the needs of the society and the times.

Investigation of Women Academicians' Perceptions Regarding “Being A Woman Academician” Through Metaphors

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Fatma BAŞARIR

2015-04-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this study is to analyze the perceptions of women academicians regarding “being a woman academician” through metaphors. The participants of the research are 67 women faculty members working in a newly established university in Central Anatolia Region in the 2013-2014 academic year. “Women Academicians Metaphors Survey” developed by the researchers was used as the data collection tool. Phenomenological design was used in the research and data was analyzed by using content analysis technique. As a result of data analysis, it was determined that women academicians developed a total of 65 metaphors. The metaphors developed by the participants were collected under nine conceptual categories. There are 18 metaphors such as ‘octopus', ‘foodprocessor', ‘cloned person', ‘chameleon', ‘shaman', ‘Swiss army knife' in the first category namely “woman academician as someone with multiple duties and responsibilities”. While the category of “woman academician as someone nourishing her vicinity with her productions” has nine metaphors such as ‘soil', ‘scientist', ‘cloud', ‘water'; the category of “woman academician as someone diligent” consists of metaphors of ‘bee', ‘ant' and ‘high-speed train'. There are seven metaphors such as ‘tumbler', ‘warrior', ‘duck' in the category of “woman academician as someone standing strong under difficulties”; six metaphors such as ‘non-fuel powered car', ‘candle', ‘devoted mother' in the category of “woman academician as someone devoted”; five metaphors such as ‘miracle', ‘superhero' in the category of “woman academician as a miraculous presence”; four metaphors such as ‘salaried housewife' and ‘employed housewife' in the category of “woman academician primarily as a housewife”; three metaphors as ‘scales', ‘tightrope walker' and ‘pendulum' in the category of “woman academician as someone having to maintain a balance�

Intimate violence, family, and femininity: women's narratives on their construction of violence and self.

Science.gov (United States)

Mitra, Nishi

2013-10-01

In the context of a high threshold for violence in everyday living and the cultural value of the institution of family, this article looks at women's narratives from counseling settings in India to comment on the cultural processes of explaining and rationalizing domestic violence that silence women. Definitions of femininity, marriage, and motherhood in India that are hinged on women's responsibility toward holding a family together have obstructed an understanding of women's individual rights and of violations of these rights. There is need to address both the public and professionals on the specific nature of domestic violence, and its ideological and structural context for creating recognition of the issue as a major social problem.

Exploring infertile women's experiences about sexual life: A qualitative study.

Science.gov (United States)

Kohan, Shahnaz; Ghasemi, Zahra; Beigi, Marjan

2015-01-01

Infertility is a serious problem in a couple's life that affects their marriage relationships. So, dissatisfaction with sexual function resulting from interpersonal problems is common among these couples. This qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences of infertile women in their sexual life. This is a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. The participants were 20 infertile women referring to the health care centers and infertility clinics of Isfahan and were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected by tape recording of deep interviews and analyzed by Colaizzi's method. Analysis of the participants' experiences led to five main concepts: "Disturbed in femininity-body image," "discouragement of sexual relations," "sacrifice of sexual pleasure for the sake of getting pregnant," "confusion in sexual relation during infertility treatment," and "striving to protect their marriage." Findings revealed that infertility affects women's different aspects of sexual life, especially disturbance in femininity-body image and sexual reluctance. With regard to women's willingness to protect their matrimonial life and prevent sexual trauma as a destroying factor for their family's mental health, it seems sexual counseling is necessary for infertile couples.

The Role of Discrimination in Care Postponement Among Trans-Feminine Individuals in the U.S. National Transgender Discrimination Survey.

Science.gov (United States)

Glick, Jennifer L; Theall, Katherine P; Andrinopoulos, Katherine M; Kendall, Carl

2018-04-01

This study examines the associations between discrimination experiences (types and locations) and care postponement among trans-feminine individuals in the United States. This secondary, cross-sectional study utilized a subset of the data from the National Transgender Discrimination Survey (n = 2248), specifically for trans-feminine individuals. In this analysis, we examined the relationship between discrimination and primary care postponement. Twenty-six percent (26.25%) of the study sample reported delaying preventive care due to fear of discrimination; 23.98%-46.66% of respondents reported past experiences of discrimination (setting dependent). Discrimination in health and non-health settings and different types of discrimination-being denied services, verbally harassed, or physically assaulted-were all significantly associated with delaying care; respondents reporting discrimination were up to 20 times more likely to postpone care. While discrimination at a health location had the strongest association with care postponement (adjusted odds ratio = 9.65, confidence interval = 7.60-12.24), discrimination in all non-health-related locations was also important. Individuals reporting discrimination in greater numbers of locations and multiple types of discrimination were more likely to postpone care. To promote preventive care-seeking, these results affirm the importance of interventions that promote discrimination-free environments for gender minorities.

Invisible woman: female slavery in the New World

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marion Rust

1992-01-01

Full Text Available [First paragraph] Slave women in Caribbean society, 1650-1838, by BARBARA BUSH. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1990. xiii + 190 pp. (Cloth US$ 29.95, Paper US$ 12.50 [Published simultaneously by: James Curry, London, & Heinemann Publishers (Caribbean, Kingston.] Within the plantation household: Black and White women of the Old South, by ELIZABETH FOX-GENOVESE. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1988. xvii + 544 pp. (Cloth US$ 34.95, Paper US$ 12.95 Slave women in the New World: gender stratiftcation in the Caribbean, by MARIETTA MORRISSEY. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1989. xiv + 202 pp. (Cloth US$ 29.95 In a letter to his son in 1760, Chesapeake slaveowner Charles Carrol employed a curious euphemism for woman: "fair sex." Obviously, he wasn't thinking of his slaves. An attempt to remedy his negligence by considering this popular definition of eighteenth-century womanhood in relation to the females he forgot reveals this highly restrictive code to be exclusionary as well, for the difficulty of figuring out how brown or black skin can be "fair" suggests that a bondwoman in the New World was not, according to dominant ideology, a woman. Slavery made nonsense of female gender in the case of those whose labor allo wed white society its definition. A contemporary observer reveals just how thorough was the distinction between white womanly passivity and whatever unnamed oblivion was left to black females: "The labor of the slave thus becomes the substitute for that of the woman" (Smith 1980:70; Dew 1970 [1832]:36.

[Starvation ketosis in a breastfeeding woman].

Science.gov (United States)

Monnier, D; Goulenok, T; Allary, J; Zarrouk, V; Fantin, B

2015-12-01

Bovine ketosis is a rare cause of metabolic acidosis. It is a starvation ketosis that appears in lactating woman. A 29-year-old woman had a previous gastric surgery one month ago while breastfeeding her 6-month child. She presented to emergency with dyspnea, fatigue, weight loss and anorexia. The explorations revealed a serious metabolic acidosis with a high anion gap, for which all other causes have been eliminated. A restrictive diet in lactating patients is a major risk of ketosis or bovine ketosis. Medico-surgical treatment of obesity during lactation seems unreasonable. Breastfeeding should be systematically sought before a medical and surgical management of obesity. With the spread of bariatric surgery, starvation ketosis is a cause of metabolic acidosis not to ignore. Copyright © 2015 Société nationale française de médecine interne (SNFMI). Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.

Variance composition, measurement invariance by gender, and construct validity of the Femininity Ideology Scale-Short Form.

Science.gov (United States)

Levant, Ronald F; Alto, Kathleen M; McKelvey, Daniel K; Richmond, Katherine A; McDermott, Ryon C

2017-11-01

The current study extended prior work on the Femininity Ideology Scale (FIS), a multidimensional measure of traditional femininity ideology (TFI), in several ways. First, we conducted exploratory factor and bifactor analyses, which revealed a general TFI factor and 3 specific factors: dependence/deference, purity, and emotionality/traditional roles. Second, based on these results we developed the 12-item FIS-Short Form (FIS-SF). Third, we assessed the FIS-SF using confirmatory factor analysis on a separate sample, finding that the items loaded on the general factor and 3 specific factors as hypothesized, and that the bifactor model fit better than common factors and unidimensional models. Fourth, model-based reliability estimates tentatively support the use of raw scores to represent the general TFI factor and the emotionality/traditional roles specific factor, but the other 2 specific factors are best measured using SEM or by ipsatizing their scores. Fifth, we assessed measurement invariance across 2 gender groups, finding evidence for configural invariance for all factors, and for partial metric invariance for the specific factors. Sixth, we found evidence for the convergent construct validity of the FIS-SF general factor and the emotionality/traditional roles specific factors by examining relationships with the latent variables of several constructs in the nomological network. The results are discussed in relationship to prior literature, future research directions, applications to counseling practice, and limitations. Data (N = 1,472, 907 women, 565 men, 530 people of color) were from community and college participants who responded to an online survey. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Ursula a Quintessential Modern Woman in The Rainbow

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

全春艳

2017-01-01

David Herbert Lawrence is one of the greatest novelists in the 20th century. In his novels, he portrays various types of women characters. Ursula Brangwen is a quintessential modern woman in The Rainbow and she shows the important characteris-tics of the western modern women. Being different from the traditional women, She is a rebelling woman and does not want to be bounded by conventions. She dares to condemn the religion, the Education system and the democracy. What's more, she pur-sues knowledge and freedom and strives for the value of self-realization, independence and individualism.

Disciplining the feminine: the reproduction of gender contradictions in the mental health care of women with eating disorders.

Science.gov (United States)

Moulding, Nicole

2006-02-01

This paper provides insights into the way gendered assumptions operate within health care interventions for women with eating disorders. A multidisciplinary sample of Australian health care workers were interviewed about their approaches to treatment, and discourse analysis was used to uncover the discursive dynamics and power relations characterising their accounts of intervention. The paper demonstrates a contradictory positioning of anorexic patients in relation to autonomy and control within the two common psychiatric interventions of bed rest intervention and psychotherapy. The paper argues that this is based on gendered assumptions about selfhood and femininity in eating disorders that are reproduced in the therapeutic relationship through the operation of a gendered parent-child dynamic, with the health care worker as father or mother, and the anorexic patient as daughter. One of the main effects of this is to re-inscribe rather than challenge the discursive 'double bind' of femininity that has been widely implicated by post-structural feminists in producing eating disorders in the first place. The paper also considers the widely acknowledged problem of resistance to treatment in anorexia as a function of controlling treatments, and discusses psychiatrists' perspectives on addressing this dilemma. Finally, the paper examines the potential of feminist-informed understandings of eating disorders for overcoming the gendered dilemmas inherent within the dominant psycho-medical treatment paradigm.

"Mix-Ups, Messes, Confinements, and Double-Dealings:" Transgendered Performances in Three Novels by Louise Erdrich

Science.gov (United States)

Iovannone, J. James

2009-01-01

Louise Erdrich's early poem "The Strange People" portrays a dynamic understanding of gender echoed in many of her later fictive works. Narrated by a speaker who is half antelope, half woman, the poem details the relationship between a masculine hunter and his feminine prey. The poem suggests that gender is experienced as a wound, a site of…

The Ideological Questions of Marriage in Thomas Hardy’s Jude the Obscure

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Salman Saleh, N.

2015-01-01

Full Text Available As one of the prominent ideologies of the nineteenth-century— in a complex interrelation with other contemporary ideological discourses particularly femininity and marriage—religion adopts a critical stance in Hardy’s presentation of characters. Breaching the religio-conventional image of femininity as “Angel in the House” and “Cow Woman,” Hardy’s Jude the Obscure (1895 is indeed deemed to be his milestone in presenting his anti-Christian attitudes towards the contemporary religion. This study aims to present Hardy’s outright hostility towards the nineteenth-century Christianity through his creation of non-conformist characters, necessitating a parallel study with other contemporary discourses regarding marriage and femininity, and conflict with the religion of the time. Hardy’s magnum opus, the work on which he was to stake his final reputation as a novelist, was clearly Jude the Obscure which as a noticeable socio-religious experimentation of the late nineteenth-century, reveals Hardy’s perception of new ideas about femininity and marriage by presenting the hot contemporary issues of “New Woman” and “Free Union” through the development and presentation of Sue Bridehead and her free union with Jude, respectively. Hardy’s presentation of Sue Bridehead as a “New Woman,” and employing the “Free Union” in marked contrast with the nineteenth-century convention of marriage as a “Bonded Pair” is Hardy’s closing upshot of his final novelistic attempt. The non-conformist Jude and Sue are presented as figures touching the Victorian Christian standards of morality, while, the final tragic destiny of Jude and Sue’s helplessness attest to the writer’s substantial contribution as a Victorian male novelist to the ideologies circulating at the time.

Lessons from a Black Woman Administrator: "I'm Still Here"

Science.gov (United States)

Dowdy, Joanne Kilgour; Hamilton, Awilda

2012-01-01

This case study presents the findings from a qualitative research project about a Black woman scholar, the first non-White female to serve as chair of a department and the associate dean of the college in its 100 year history. The study focuses on the experiences of a Black woman scholar as a chairperson and the learning she achieved during her…

Cultivating Parabolas in the Parlor Garden: Reconciling Mathematics Education and Feminine Ideals in Nineteenth-Century America

Science.gov (United States)

Fiss, Andrew

2014-02-01

This article introduces the justification problem for mathematics, which it explores through the case study of 1820s-1840s rationales for the teaching of mathematics to women in the United States. It argues that, while educators in the 1820s justified women's studies through mental discipline (a common reason for men's study), those of the 1830s-1840s increasingly relied on separate, gendered justifications, tied to emerging ideals of middle-class femininity. This article therefore emphasizes the contingency of the justification problem, which serves to break the present-day cycle of gender stereotypes regarding mathematics.

No Woman's Land (Performance)

OpenAIRE

Garton, Rosie; Rippel, IIdiko

2017-01-01

'No Woman's Land' (performance) is 1 hr 15 minute large-scale, multi-media performance work. In 1945, Ildikó’s grandmother Lucia Rippel, expelled from her place of birth, walked 220 miles across the fractured landscape of Europe, with her two small children and all her belongings dragged in a cart. In 2015, Ildikó and Rosie retraced her footsteps, crossing borders, climbing fences, bleeding, crying and blistering, carrying their flat-pack children. The performance is a response to ou...

Acrylate Systemic Contact Dermatitis.

Science.gov (United States)

Sauder, Maxwell B; Pratt, Melanie D

2015-01-01

Acrylates, the 2012 American Contact Dermatitis Society allergen of the year, are found in a range of products including the absorbent materials within feminine hygiene pads. When fully polymerized, acrylates are nonimmunogenic; however, if not completely cured, the monomers can be potent allergens.A 28-year-old woman is presented, who had her teeth varnished with Isodan (Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France) containing HEMA (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) with no initial reaction. Approximately 1 month later, the patient developed a genital dermatitis secondary to her feminine hygiene pads. The initial reaction resolved, but 5 months later, the patient developed a systemic contact dermatitis after receiving a second varnishing.The patient was dramatically patch test positive to many acrylates. This case demonstrates a reaction to likely unpolymerized acrylates within a feminine hygiene pad, as well as broad cross-reactivity or cosensitivity to acrylates, and possibly a systemic contact dermatitis with systemic re-exposure to unpolymerized acrylates.

ON FEMALE LITERARY FIGURATIONS IN KAMOV’S TRAVESTY ŽENA (WOMAN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Brigita Miloš

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to point out the perceived particularity of individual literary figurations as thresholds of subversion of the ‘economy of the same’. The suggested reading considers various materialities of the text that can refer to the modes of performative structures, as well as to the interpretations of female gender identity positions. When the ‘essence’ of femininity is questionable and the status of gender related ideals relative, then different possibilities of gender performatives are those that generate gender imagery of this Kamov’s literary text.

Woman in Khalil Motran\\'s poem

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

zahra soleymanpoor

2015-02-01

In explaining the subject of woman, his genre is romanticism that proposes the highest emotions and senses of the poet. Sometimes he uses the story poems to imply the romance. He uses this method even to explain the social and political subject to increase the influence.

The woman in Minoic Crete.

Science.gov (United States)

Grammatikakis, Ioannis Emm

2011-07-01

Minoan Civilization (3000-1150 BC) was the first European civilization on the GREEK island of Crete. Fabulous architectonical constructions like great palaces, wonderful frescoes, and pottery as well as jewellery characterize this amazing civilization. According to all existing descriptions from ancient Greek historians and philosophers like Plato, Thucydides, Strabon but also from all the archaeological findings men and women lived freely and peacefully participating equal in all daily activities, sports, and games. The women were predominating. Minoan women enjoyed a higher social status than other women in later civilizations. Investigation of all the existing data concerning the Minoan culture. Archaeological databases, as well as data from the National University of Athens and other Greek historical institutions were collected and analyzed in order to present the Minoan culture. The Minoic civilization represents a paradigm of a well being society in which the woman played a dominant role. She was the 'mother' but also the 'active woman', who participated in all city activities. Four thousand years later a prototype of a society in which the role of the mother was recognized in an admirably way remains a magnificent paradigm.

Sofia Ionescu, the first woman neurosurgeon in the world.

Science.gov (United States)

Ciurea, Alexandru-Vlad; Moisa, Horatiu Alexandru; Mohan, Dumitru

2013-11-01

The authors present the activity of Mrs. Sofia Ionescu, the one female surgeon who was nominated as the first woman neurosurgeon in the world. Sofia Ionescu worked in the field of neurosurgery for 47 years, performing all the known neurosurgical procedures of the time. She made herself known through her incredible surgical skill and her enormous work power. Due to her incredible modesty and workload, she never participated at international congresses or manifestations. The nomination as first woman neurosurgery took place in Marrakech, Morocco, during the 2005 WFNS Congress. Although some claim that Diana Beck was the first woman neurosurgeon in the world, our theory suggests otherwise. The first documented surgical intervention performed by Diana Beck dates to 1952. Sofia Ionescu operated for the first time on a human brain as early as 1944. Furthermore, Diana Beck's actions surfaced in the year 1947, long after the war had ended and Sofia Ionescu had become a neurosurgeon. Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Harriet Brooks: Canada's First Woman Physicist

Science.gov (United States)

Rayner-Canham, Geoffrey

2004-03-01

During those early halcyon days of the study of radioactivity, one young Canadian woman, Harriet Brooks, joined Ernest Rutherford's group as his first research student. Later, she joined J.J. Thomson's group in Cambridge and, finally, Marie Curie's group in Paris. During her short research career, she made several important contributions to science. She investigated the nature of 'emanation' from radium; discovered that radioactive substances could undergo successive decay; and first reported the recoil of the radioactive atom. Much of this research was published under her name alone though Rutherford made extensive reference to her discoveries in his Bakerian lecture of 1904. Brooks life is of interest not only in what she accomplished, but also in the challenges she faced as a pioneering woman scientist in the early part of the twentieth century. In the presentation we will blend the account of her life and work with the societal context. This work was accomplished jointly with Marelene F. Rayner-Canham.

[Aged woman's vulnerability related to AIDS].

Science.gov (United States)

Silva, Carla Marins; Lopes, Fernanda Maria do Valle Martins; Vargens, Octavio Muniz da Costa

2010-09-01

This article is a systhematic literature review including the period from 1994 to 2009, whose objective was to discuss the aged woman's vulnerability in relation to Acquired Imunodeficiency Syndrome (Aids). The search for scientific texts was accomplished in the following databases: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE). The descriptors used were vulnerability, woman and Aids. Eighteen texts were analyzed, including articles in scientific journals, thesis and dissertations. As a conclusion, it was noted that aged women and vulnerability to Aids are directly related, through gender characteristics including submission and that were built historical and socially. We consider as fundamental the development of studies which may generate publications accessible to women, in order to help them see themselves as persons vulnerable to Aids contagion just for being women.

The presence of a woman increases testosterone in aggressive dominant men

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Meij, Leander; Buunk, Abraham P.; van de Sande, Johannes P.; Salvador, Alicia

2008-01-01

In line with the challenge hypothesis, this study investigated the effects of the presence of a woman on the testosterone (T) levels of young men. An informal contact with a woman of approximately 5 min resulted in an increase in salivary T among men. These effects occurred particularly in men with

Bone densitometry in the Feminine Climacteric routine study or election?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miranda, C.; Estrella, A.; Bozzolo, A.; Sasson, A.; Berterreche, A.

2002-01-01

A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted, on the basis of a systematic review of the clinical histories of the database, between July 1999 and July 2001.Strategy consisted of reviewing at random clinical data up to obtaining a sample of 100 patients with bone densitometry by mains of dual energy X ray absorbtiometry (DEXA) device. The standard number was statistically significant and representative of the population under study.Results: It is emphasized that more of a hal of the patients studied presented loss of the bone mineral density and 11% with and altered morphometry of the column, similar to other national and international studies. the risk factors for osteoporosis were presented in 71% of the cases, having those patients older densitometric alterations.Conclusions:considering the results and the situation that generates risk of fracture with its high socioeconomic costs, the authors recommend the routine use of the densitometry in the Feminine Climateric or in its absence, a selective screening, reserving the study for patients with given risk factors.It is proposed a guideline to select patients in which conducting the study ia a priority

Perceptions of sexual violence among men who have sex with men and individuals on the trans-feminine spectrum in Mongolia.

Science.gov (United States)

Peitzmeier, Sarah M; Stephenson, Rob; Delegchoimbol, Altanchimeg; Dorjgotov, Myagmardorj; Baral, Stefan

2017-08-01

With the growing realisation that sexual violence poses pressing health and human rights concerns for men who have sex with men (MSM) and individuals on the trans-feminine spectrum, research has focused on the context in which sexual violence takes place. Rape myths and other perceptions of sexual violence affect the prevalence of perpetration and the availability of services and support for survivors. Little research has been conducted on rape myths among sexual and gender minority groups, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Two focus groups and 30 in-depth interviews were conducted with MSM and individuals on the trans-feminine spectrum in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. A number of rape myths previously noted to be prevalent among Western, heterosexual men, and women were expressed by participants, including the myth that males are never raped, rape as a cause of homosexuality or transgenderism, conceptualisations of prototypical rape as requiring overwhelming force, and victim blaming. However, many of these perceptions appeared to have different origins and effects in these populations. This study illustrates interesting similarities and differences compared to rape myths explored in Western, heterosexual male samples, and draws attention to the need to address community perceptions of sexual violence in sexual health and violence intervention programming.

Education: Woman Chemist Wins Discrimination Case.

Science.gov (United States)

Worthy, Ward

1980-01-01

Reports a recent award of compensatory damages to a woman chemistry professor who was denied a tenure-track faculty position in 1971. She filed a complaint with the university's ad hoc committee on discrimination, believing she had been discriminated against because of her sex and possibly her national origin. (CS)

Multi-scale ancient DNA analyses confirm the western origin of Michelsberg farmers and document probable practices of human sacrifice.

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Alice Beau

Full Text Available In Europe, the Middle Neolithic is characterized by an important diversification of cultures. In northeastern France, the appearance of the Michelsberg culture has been correlated with major cultural changes and interpreted as the result of the settlement of new groups originating from the Paris Basin. This cultural transition has been accompanied by the expansion of particular funerary practices involving inhumations within circular pits and individuals in "non-conventional" positions (deposited in the pits without any particular treatment. If the status of such individuals has been highly debated, the sacrifice hypothesis has been retained for the site of Gougenheim (Alsace. At the regional level, the analysis of the Gougenheim mitochondrial gene pool (SNPs and HVR-I sequence analyses permitted us to highlight a major genetic break associated with the emergence of the Michelsberg in the region. This genetic discontinuity appeared to be linked to new affinities with farmers from the Paris Basin, correlated to a noticeable hunter-gatherer legacy. All of the evidence gathered supports (i the occidental origin of the Michelsberg groups and (ii the potential implication of this migration in the progression of the hunter-gatherer legacy from the Paris Basin to Alsace / Western Germany at the beginning of the Late Neolithic. At the local level, we noted some differences in the maternal gene pool of individuals in "conventional" vs. "non-conventional" positions. The relative genetic isolation of these sub-groups nicely echoes both their social distinction and the hypothesis of sacrifices retained for the site. Our investigation demonstrates that a multi-scale aDNA study of ancient communities offers a unique opportunity to disentangle the complex relationships between cultural and biological evolution.

International Monetary Fund sacrifices higher growth, employment, spending, and public investment in health systems in order to keep inflation unnecessarily low.

Science.gov (United States)

Rowden, Rick

2010-01-01

The International Monetary Fund's response to evidence on the impact of its programs on public health fails to address the fundamental criticisms about its policies. The IMF's demand for borrowers to achieve extremely low inflation targets is founded on very little empirical evidence in the peer-reviewed literature. The low-inflation policies privilege international creditors over domestic debtors and short-term priorities over long-term development goals, and contain high social costs, referred to by economists as a "sacrifice ratio." For example, governments' raising of interest rates to bring down inflation undermines the ability of domestic firms to expand production and employment and thus "sacrifices" higher economic growth and higher tax revenues and unnecessarily constrains domestic health spending. During financial crisis, most countries seek to lower interest rates to stimulate the economy, the opposite of the IMF's general advice. Perversely, compliance with IMF policies has become a prerequisite for receiving donor aid. Critiques of the IMF express significant concerns that IMF fiscal and monetary policies are unduly restrictive. Health advocates must weigh in on such matters and pressure their finance ministries, particularly in the G7, to take steps at the level of the IMF Executive Board to revisit and modify its policy framework on deficits and inflation. Such reforms are crucial to enable countries to generate more domestic resources while the global health community searches for ways to support strengthening health system capacity.

Neither property right nor heroic gift, neither sacrifice nor aporia: the benefit of the theoretical lens of sharing in donation ethics.

Science.gov (United States)

Zeiler, Kristin

2014-05-01

Two ethical frameworks have dominated the discussion of organ donation for long: that of property rights and that of gift-giving. However, recent years have seen a drastic rise in the number of philosophical analyses of the meaning of giving and generosity, which has been mirrored in ethical debates on organ donation and in critical sociological, anthropological and ethnological work on the gift metaphor in this context. In order to capture the flourishing of this field, this article distinguishes between four frameworks for thinking about bodily exchanges in medicine: those of property rights, heroic gift-giving, sacrifice, and gift-giving as aporia. These frameworks represent four different ways of making sense of donation of organs as well as tissue, gametes and blood, draw on different conceptions of the relations between the self and the other, and bring out different ethical issues as core ones. The article presents these frameworks, argues that all of them run into difficulties when trying to make sense of reciprocity and relational interdependence in donation, and shows how the three gift-giving frameworks (of heroism, sacrifice and aporia) hang together in a critical discussion about what is at stake in organ donation. It also presents and argues in favour of an alternative intercorporeal framework of giving-through-sharing that more thoroughly explicates the gift metaphor in the context of donation, and offers tools for making sense of relational dimensions of live and post mortem donations.

Womanism and Black Feminism in the Work of Carrie Mae Weems

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Christiane Stephens

2016-04-01

Full Text Available This article examines the liberatory aspects of Womanisn and Black Feminism in the work of artist Carrie Mae Weems.  Weems, artist and anthropologist creates artwork that highlights the issues of oppression and giving voice to worldwide issues.  Under the theoretical lens of Womanism, the article utilizes  Arts- Based -Educational Research (ABER, a non traidtional methodology, which aligns with Womanism to provide into past and present issues of liberation and equity. Womanism, Black women’s feminism, and ABER have the potential to bring issues of equity and social justice out of the academies and into the everyday world for those most in need of liberation.

Feederism in a woman.

Science.gov (United States)

Terry, Lesley L; Vasey, Paul L

2011-06-01

Feederism is a fat fetish subculture in which individuals eroticize weight gain and feeding. Feeders are individuals who claim to become sexually aroused by feeding their partners and encouraging them to gain weight. Conversely, Feedees are individuals who claim to become sexually aroused by eating, being fed, and the idea or act of gaining weight. Very little is known about this population. This report describes a woman who self-identified as a Feedee. It is unclear, at present, whether female Feederism represents a unique paraphilia or a thematic variation of morphophilia or sexual masochism.

Red is Romantic, but Only for Feminine Females: Sexual Dimorphism Moderates Red Effect on Sexual Attraction

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Fangfang Wen

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Previous researchers have documented that the color red enhances one's sexual attraction to the opposite sex. The current study further examined the moderating role of sexual dimorphism in red effects. The results indicated that red enhanced men's sexual attraction to women with more feminine facial characteristics but had no effect on ratings of perceived general attractiveness. Red clothing also had a marginally significant effect on men's sexual attractiveness. In addition, regardless of sexual dimorphism cues, male participants rated women with red as warmer and more competent. The underlying mechanisms of the red effect, the limitations of the current study, and suggestions for future directions are discussed.

Are you Wo(man enough to get married?

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Tiurma M. P. Allagan

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Indonesian marriage states that marriage is physical and spiritual relationship between a man and a woman as husband and wife in order to create an eternal happy family based on the Almighty God. This definition reflects that the marriage in Indonesia must be between heterosexual couple. However, a question appears as to whether a man or a woman mentioned thereof is included a man and a woman who were, hermaphrodite, intersex, or nowadays known as person with Disorder of Sexual Development (DSD? The case of AH whereby his marriage is cancelled by the Supreme Court in 2014 for he is not considered as a man, is confirming that this question is important to value the capacity of a person to marry. This writing will apply normative research as well as literature research method upon the positive rules and regulations. The decisions of district courts upon the revision or change of gender and its legal basis will be analysed and be the topic of discussion. Comparison will be applied to compare the marriage requirements between Indonesian Law, Singapore Law and Hong Kong Law. The results of analyse and discussion will be the closure of the writing, as conclusions and advise, if any.

Immature ovarian teratoma in a postmenopausal woman

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ornvold, K; Detlefsen, G U; Horn, T

1987-01-01

We report the first case of immature ovarian teratoma occurring after menopause in a 57-year-old, 3 years postmenopausal woman. Within one year after resection of the teratoma she developed peritoneal botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma, which probably originated from initially unrecognized rhabdomyoblasts...

Primary Breast Burkitt’s Lymphoma in an HIV-Infected Woman

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Bangaly Traoré

2015-01-01

Full Text Available A 30-year-old HIV positive woman presented with a multifocal mass tumour associated with axillary and lateral-cervical lymphadenopathy in the right breast. Laboratory examination of the biopsy confirmed a case of mammary Burkitt’s lymphoma with a nodular infiltration of the breast. Antiretroviral treatment and chemotherapy were effective to control the tumour. Although Burkitt’s lymphoma rarely involves the breasts, it should be considered during routine breast examination of African woman.

An Online Bibliography of Resources for the Study of Woman Suffrage

Science.gov (United States)

Sparacino, Elizabeth Kenny

2004-01-01

The purpose of this annotated bibliography is twofold. The first purpose is to address the question raised by Phyllis Holman Wiesbard, "Where are women on the 'net?" The second purpose is to explore how teachers can use the documents found on the world wide web to teach woman suffrage in their classrooms. Woman suffrage has proved to be a fruitful…

Acute loss of vision in a young woman: A case report on ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Background: Acute loss of vision needs urgent attention and treatment. We report on a young Ethiopian woman who experienced acute bilateral blindness. In the presence of normal ophthalmological findings psychogenic blindness has to be considered. Case Details: A 21 years old woman was admitted to the psychiatry ...

The Black Woman: Person or Non-person

Science.gov (United States)

Lyles, Barbara D.

1975-01-01

The roles of the black woman are said to be many and varied, the variance occurring in relation to socio-economic status, educational level, age, and marital status. Their roles in American society are stated to consist in a set of paradoxes.

[Assistance to the climacteric woman: new paradigms].

Science.gov (United States)

Lorenzi, Dino Roberto Soares De; Catan, Lenita Binelli; Moreira, Karen; Artico, Graziela Rech

2009-01-01

Population aging is a demographic reality for Brazil. Consequently, in the next years it is expected a progressive increase in seeking health care services in the country by women with complaints related to climacterium. Parallel to it, assistance at this part of woman's life has been going through a paradigm shift which has imposed to health professionals a change of attitude in relation to this stage of woman's life. Today it is acknowledged that the climacterium is influenced by biological, psychosocial and cultural factors, whose knowledge is fundamental for planning a more qualified and humanized care. This article proposes a reflection on the paradigm shifts in assistance at climacterium, highlighting important aspects as multidisciplinarity and interdisciplinarity, so as to serve better this portion of population, and provide it with more integrated and individualized care, bringing together knowledge and sensitivity, and always aiming at a better quality of life.

Gender and Race Matter: Global Perspectives on Being a Woman

OpenAIRE

Takhar, S

2016-01-01

Gender and Race Matter: Global Perspectives on Being a Woman is an edited collection. It is a timely addition to the literature available on gender, social justice and political agency. During the first decade of the twenty first century, the concepts of diversity, inclusion and equality attracted increasing attention. This has recently included the foregrounding of such issues in the work of the UN related to global gender inequality. The much publicised gang rape of a young woman in India i...

The alligator woman's tale: remembering Nicaragua's "first self-declared lesbian".

Science.gov (United States)

González-Rivera, Victoria

2014-01-01

Carmen Aguirre (1931-1971) was a young woman who lived as a self-made man in the 1960s under the brutal, yet populist, right-wing Somoza dictatorship in Nicaragua. Carmen was known as Carmelo or la Caimana (the alligator woman). This article sheds light not only on la Caimana's life, but on how he is remembered today in Nicaragua. It addresses dynamics of Nicaragua's sexual past, present, and future, as well as theoretical questions dealing with identity, sex, and politics.

Pseudocyesis in a non-infertile Indian woman: a case report

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Priyajyoti Chakma

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Pseudocyesis, seen in non-psychotic woman without true gestation, is a common event in developing countries. Pseudocyesis results from multidimensional factors. Our case was a 46 years, Hindu, married, literate, non-infertile woman of middle socioeconomic status, from urban part of Tripura, India. She presented with amenorrhea, distended abdomen, and breast engorgement. Diagnosis of pseudocyesis was made, and further sessions with the husband and wife were carried out. She was managed with supportive psychotherapy and low dose of clonazepam.

La cosa y el sacrificio // The thing and the sacrifice

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Juan Guillermo Uribe

2012-06-01

Full Text Available La introducción de la noción de das Ding, la Cosa, en el Seminario 7, La ética del psicoanálisis, es de una importancia crucial tanto para la clínica psicoanalítica como para la reflexión ética general. Lacan toma de Kant la noción de ley moral como imperativo categórico, que para Kant tiene la fuerza de una ley necesaria por su articulación lógica. Lacan le da a das Ding el mismo estatuto de coerción categórica. De esa forma articula lo real del goce con el Más allá del principio de placer de Freud. Lo escandaloso es que el psicoanálisis desvela la posición del sujeto de querer estar bien en el mal y las consecuencias de sacrifico que esto impone. // The introduction of the notion of das Ding, the Thing, in the 7 Seminar: the ethics of the psychoanalysis is of crucial importance as well as for the clinic psychoanalytic as for the general ethics reflection. Lacan takes from Kant the notion of moral law as categorical imperative, which, for him, it has the force of a necessary law for its logical articulation. Lacan gives to das Ding the same statute of categorical coercion. i.e., he articulate the real part of the enjoyment with the Freud's beyond the pleasure principle. The scandalous point is that the psychoanalysis shows the position of the subject when he/she wants to be good in the middle of the bad conditions and the sacrifice consequences this entails.

Features of Woman Journal in Tatar Language

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Aigul A. Guseinova

2017-11-01

Full Text Available The article studies the functional and typological features of woman magazine published in the city of Kazan of the Republic of Tatarstan (Russia. The magazine "Syuyumbike" is the only woman magazine for the Tatars, the people of the Turkic ethnos living in the central regions of the European part of Russia. The Tatars make up 3.87% of population in Russia. "Syuyumbike", as the magazine with a century-old history, spreads throughout Russia. Besides it is read by Tatars, compactly residing in Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, the USA, Finland and Australia. In Soviet times, the circulation reached half a million copies, and it makes only 10 thousand at present, one fifth of which is distributed outside of Tatarstan. Despite the fact that the publishers of the magazine do not share their readers on the basis of gender, the main character of the magazine is a woman, an active member of modern society. The magazine, being the platform for the exchange of opinions among the representatives of Tatar nation from all over the world, serves to search for the solutions to various problems of our time. The identification of typological features makes it possible to determine the place of publication in the media system, it has an undeniable significance for the further development of newspaper and magazine market in the national languages of Russia. After the historical development analysis and the analysis of the magazine "Syuyumbike" current state, the authors made conclusions about the trends and the prospects of its further development.

Cross-Gendering the Racial Memory

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Marlon B. Ross

2006-05-01

Full Text Available When Ernest Gaines chooses a woman as the individual subject for collective memorialization and the ideal medium of racial memory in his 1971 novel, The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman, he participates in a significant but overlooked genre of black masculine discourse, the composition of black authorship as historical/national authority through the voice and viewpoint of a female protagonist. This cross-gendering of the racial imaginary, introjecting a male vision of racial collectivity and history through a female’s frame of reference, though not exactly a form of cross-dressing, can be usefully analyzed as such. Erecting a feminine monument to emblematize and materialize highly abstract notions like nationhood, justice, peace, warfare, virtue, democracy, pro/creativity, and truth has a long history in many cultures across the globe. It is a long-standing practice within many patriarchal cultures, in other words, to project highly abstract masculine visions of established power onto a female form, draped in feminine attire. Whether this occurs metaphorically, as in the case of gendering the nation-state as feminine (Britannia for the United Kingdom, Columbia for the United States, St. Joan for France, etc., or through more literal iconography, such as the Statue of Liberty, the feminine form serves to purify, emblematize, and collectivize—and thus to transcendentalize—concepts of rightful dis/empowerment that are otherwise fraught with cultural-historical strife. The static nature of such imagery distances us from the contentiousness of the act of cross-gendering that occurs ideologically in the enunciation or re-erection of patriarchal power through an objectified, if celebrated, feminine icon.We can find evidence of this conventionally patriarchal kind of feminine iconography in black cultural practice.  For instance, in black nationalist discourse of the 1960s and ’70s (whether in the Black Power movement in the United States or

IDENTIDAD FEMENINA Y CONSUMO DE DROGAS: UN ESTUDIO CUALITATIVO / FEMININE IDENTITY AND DRUG USE: QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

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Augusto Pérez Gómez* y Marcela Correa Muñoz**

2011-06-01

Full Text Available RESUMENEste estudio examina la relación entre identidad femenina (IF y consumo de drogas. Setenta y seis mujeres de tresgrupos de edades (jóvenes, adultas jóvenes y adultas mayores, de tres niveles socioeconómicos (alto, medio y bajo y trescircunstancias de consumo (consumidoras, no consumidoras y ex consumidoras fueron entrevistadas sobre seis aspectos:la definición de ser mujer y las diferencias con ser hombre; la autovaloración femenina; los factores que influyen en laconstrucción de la IF; la evolución de la IF; IF y consumo de drogas; factores protectores y de riesgo.Las entrevistadas consideraron que la mayor parte de los cambios recientes dentro de la sociedad occidental hanmejorado sustancialmente la condición de la mujer, aun cuando algunos de esos cambios también han incrementado suvulnerabilidad y están asociados al notable aumento del consumo de drogas entre las mujeres. Varios de los factoresmencionados no suelen aparecer en los estudios sobre este tema ("mal uso de la libertad", "abandono de responsabilidades","conducta sexual inadecuada" probablemente porque sus autores temen que se les acuse de estar censurando a las mujerescontemporáneas; en este estudio se presentan las percepciones de las mujeres, no las interpretaciones de los autores.ABSTRACTThis study examines the relationship between feminine identity and drug use. Seventy-six women in three ages groups(young, young adults, and mature adults, in three socio-economic levels (upper, medium, low and three drug use conditions(non users, users and ex users were interviewed on six aspects: definition of being a woman; and difference with being amale, women’s self-evaluation, factors influencing the development of FI; FI and drug use; and risk and protective factors.The results showed that the interviewees think that most of the changes that occurred in West society have substantiallyimproved women’s condition; nevertheless, some of those changes have also

The Relation between the two Phenomenological Categories Initiation and Sacrifice as Exemplified by the Norse Myth of Óðinn on the Tree

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Jens Peter Schjødt

1993-01-01

Full Text Available Many articles have been devoted to the Old Norse myth which relates how Odin was hanging from a tree for nine nights without being offered food or drink. The question we are going to investigate here is, as mentioned, whether we are facing a sacrifice or an initiation. Both possibilities have been proposed, and some scholars have even believed that the strophes deal with an exemplary myth which has served directly as a model for some ritual.

The sacrifice of animals in Afro-Brasilian religions: analysis of a recent controversy in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul

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Ari Pedro Oro

2006-01-01

Full Text Available The paper analyses a controversy in Rio Grande do Sul, involving the local Afro-religious community, after the State Assembly approved a State Code for the Protection of Animals, which could jeopardize the ritual practice of sacrificing animals in "terreiros". We examine the different standpoints on animal sacrifice in Afro-religious rituals on the part of the main actors and institutions involved, as well as the repercussions of such debates in Brazil and abroad. The controversy is an opportunity for discussing the limits of religious freedom in Brazil.

[A woman with a postoperative lumbar swelling].

Science.gov (United States)

Hulshof, Hanna M; Elsenburg, Patric H J M; Frequin, Stephan T F M

2013-01-01

A 65-year-old woman had developed a large lumbar swelling in a period of four weeks following lumbar laminectomy. An MRI-scan revealed a large fluid collection, which had formed from the spinal canal. The diagnosis 'liquorcele', a rare complication of spine surgery, was established.

Adaptation and obtainment of evidence for the validity of the “Scale of Perceived Sacrifices Associated with Leaving (the organization” in the Brazilian context: a study among teachers of basic, technical, and technological education

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Renata Gomes de Jesus

Full Text Available Abstract The most widely-used model in studies of organizational commitment is the three-dimensional model developed by Meyer and Allen in 1991. This model understands the construct as being composed of instrumental, affective, and normative dimensions. However, it has been criticized by researchers who do not view instrumental commitment as related to the concept of commitment, but instead as a possible organizational link. In order to address the conceptual and empirical problems of the instrument, Powell and Meyer perfected the sub-scale of instrumental commitment and recommended that a new scale, named Perceived Sacrifices Associated with Leaving, be used in future research. This article aims to adapt and obtain evidence of the validity of the new scale, and analyze how teachers perceive the sacrifices associated with leaving a Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology. The scale has undergone cross-cultural adaptation and the adapted version was applied to teachers. Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis were applied, displaying evidence of the validity of the construct for the Brazilian version. The results revealed that teachers agree on the high intensity level of the sacrifices associated with leaving, and that teachers who occupy management positions perceive it to a higher degree than others. The proposed changes in the scale should be evaluated in future research, and other studies are important to confirm the results found.

Gendering Prayer: Millennial-generation Catholics and the Embodiment of Feminine Genius and Authentic Masculinity

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Katherine Anne Dugan

2017-06-01

Full Text Available This article examines the relationship between prayer practices and gendered subjectivity among a group of millennial-generation Catholic men and women. Drawing on ethnographic work, this case study illuminates the role of prayer in shaping how, why, and with what sorts of struggles young and culturally-savvy women and men embodied gender complementarity in the twenty-first century U.S. This article proposes gendering prayer as an analytic for understanding how prayer cultivated these Catholics in the habits of feminine genius and authentic masculinity. By comparing women’s and men’s practices, I argue that these young adults were flourishing in the modern world, even as they rejected egalitarian gender roles in favor of multiple modes of submission within gender essentialism. This work contributes to anthropological scholarship focused on gender performance in daily Catholic life.

Ah Dai Comes to Hawaii: The Story of a Chinese Immigrant Woman.

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Kam, Dai Sen; And Others

The story presented in this booklet is concerned with the life of an eighty year old Chinese immigrant woman living in Hawaii. The narration provides a brief overview of the woman's birth, childhood, early adulthood in China, and immigration to Hawaii. Her life in Hawaii is described in terms of the work she did, her arranged marriage, her…

Successful water birth in a woman with vaginismus.

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Moraloğlu, O; Engin-Ustün, Y; Ozakşit, G; Mollamahmutoğlu, L

2011-01-01

Vaginismus is a common sexual dysfunction. The case of a successful water birth in a woman with vaginismus is presented. Water birth should be considered as an alternative method of birth in women with vaginismus.

Cutaneous gnathostomiasis in a woman from Bangladesh

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Grobusch, M. P.; Bergmann, F.; Teichmann, D.; Klein, E.

2000-01-01

A woman from Bangladesh who had lived in Germany for more than 2 years presented with migratory, painful swellings on her left hand and arm of 5 months duration. Laboratory examinations yielded a marked eosinophilia and a grossly elevated IgE level in combination with an inflammatory reaction

The Feminine Mystique, the Feminist Critique, and the Myth of the Liberated Woman.

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Costello, Cynthia

1983-01-01

Grounded in a theory of the relationship between patriarchal ideology and advertising representation, seeks to identify contradictory meanings embedded in post-1970 nontraditional advertisements. Analyzes advertisements from "Ladies Home Journal" and "Vogue" which draw on "liberated" symbols, and discusses shifts in the larger patriarchal world…

Thinking about gender types: cognitive organization of female and male types.

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Vonk, Roos; Ashmore, Richard D

2003-06-01

We examined the content and dimensional structure of a large and representative sample of gender types. In Study 1, using an open-ended procedure, participants generated 306 different labels for female types (e.g. housewife, feminist, femme fatale, secretary, slob) and 310 for male types (e.g. workaholic, family man, sissy, womanizer, labourer). In Study 2A, a multidimensional configuration of 229 of these male and female types was derived from a free sorting task among a new set of participants. In Study 2B, a subset of types was judged on several dimensions of meaning, which were then fitted into the configuration of types. The most important dimensions in describing the structure of gender types were: young-old, masculine-feminine and traditional-modern. The masculine-feminine dimension showed that the male and female types were largely separated from each other; within each gender category, the types were ordered by their position on the masculine-feminine dimension. Several other aspects of current thinking about men and women are discussed.

Woman-to-woman rape and sexual assault, and its impact upon the occupation of work: Victim/survivors' life roles of worker or student as disruptive and preservative.

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Twinley, Rebecca

2017-01-01

Woman-to-woman rape and sexual assault globally remains largely unknown and unaddressed. Expectedly, victim/survivors often cope alone, or with limited support, in the traumatic aftermath of their sexual victimisation. Work is one occupation that is impacted upon at this time. The study explored the perceived impacts of woman-to-woman rape and sexual assault, the subsequent experience of disclosure, reaction, and support, and the consequences for victim/survivors' subjective experience of occupation. The study combined a sociological auto/biographical approach with an occupational science perspective. A web-based survey generated initial data, and was also used as a sampling tool; subsequently, 10 respondents were interviewed face-to-face, in various UK locations. An eleventh respondent shared her story through correspondence. Four key themes emerged: 1) Identity; 2) Emotion; 3) Survival; and 4) Occupation. The latter, occupation, incorporated study and work. For these victim/survivors, work or education can be experienced as either: disrupted (triggering) or as preservative (maintenance). Their life roles as worker or student were impacted by feelings that they could have performed better and achieved more. Occupational therapists and other relevant service providers could work with sexually victimised people in order to participate more satisfactorily and healthily in the occupation of work.

Psychological meaning of a woman with a hysterectomy among Mexican physicians and women.

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Marván, Maria Luisa; Catillo-López, Rosa Lilia; Ehrenzweig, Yamilet; Palacios, Pedro

2012-01-01

The psychological meaning of women who have had a hysterectomy, and attitudes toward them, were explored in 121 Mexican gynecologists, 155 women who had undergone a hysterectomy, and 115 women who had not had a hysterectomy. The surveys were completed between January and May 2011. Both groups of women defined a woman who had had a hysterectomy using words with positive meanings (healthy, happy, reassured, and complete), as well as words with negative meanings (sad, incomplete, and irritable). However, the participants who had not had a hysterectomy defined a woman who had had a hysterectomy using more negative words and showed more negative attitudes toward such a woman with a hysterectomy than those women who had undergone a hysterectomy. Among participants who had undergone a hysterectomy, those who were premenopausal prior to the surgery and those who had undergone bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy defined a woman who had had a hysterectomy in a more negative manner and showed the most negative attitudes. The gynecologists did not use words with emotional content regarding women who had had a hysterectomy and showed more neutral attitudes toward such a woman than did both groups of women. These findings could be helpful in designing support programs for women facing a hysterectomy.

The homeless pregnant woman.

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Esen, Umo I

2017-09-01

Women who are pregnant and homeless constitute a unique group at significant risk of adverse foetal and maternal outcomes. Despite this heightened risk profile, social housing support to this group of women is less than satisfactory. Concerted effort and more collaborative working is needed by all who provide social, and healthcare services to homeless pregnant women, to improve the lot of these women. Clear definitions and legislative provisions in respect of the homeless will go a long way in reducing ambiguity and close loopholes which currently act to deny the homeless pregnant woman social housing support at a time when it is most needed.

Frozen Mummies from Andean Mountaintop Shrines: Bioarchaeology and Ethnohistory of Inca Human Sacrifice.

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Ceruti, Maria Constanza

2015-01-01

This study will focus on frozen mummies of sacrificial victims from mounts Llullaillaco (6739 m), Quehuar (6130 m), El Toro (6160 m), and the Aconcagua massif. These finds provide bioarchaeological data from mountaintop sites that has been recovered in scientifically controlled excavations in the northwest of Argentina, which was once part of the southern province of the Inca Empire. Numerous interdisciplinary studies have been conducted on the Llullaillaco mummies, including radiological evaluations by conventional X-rays and CT scans, which provided information about condition and pathology of the bones and internal organ, as well as dental studies oriented to the estimation of the ages of the three children at the time of death. Ancient DNA studies and hair analysis were also performed in cooperation with the George Mason University, the University of Bradford, and the Laboratory of Biological Anthropology at the University of Copenhagen. Ethnohistorical sources reveal interesting aspects related to the commemorative, expiatory, propitiatory, and dedicatory aspects of human sacrifice performed under Inca rule. The selection of the victims along with the procedures followed during the performance of the capacocha ceremony will be discussed, based on the bioarchaeological evidences from frozen mummies and the accounts recorded by the Spanish chroniclers.

Frozen Mummies from Andean Mountaintop Shrines: Bioarchaeology and Ethnohistory of Inca Human Sacrifice

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Maria Constanza Ceruti

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This study will focus on frozen mummies of sacrificial victims from mounts Llullaillaco (6739 m, Quehuar (6130 m, El Toro (6160 m, and the Aconcagua massif. These finds provide bioarchaeological data from mountaintop sites that has been recovered in scientifically controlled excavations in the northwest of Argentina, which was once part of the southern province of the Inca Empire. Numerous interdisciplinary studies have been conducted on the Llullaillaco mummies, including radiological evaluations by conventional X-rays and CT scans, which provided information about condition and pathology of the bones and internal organ, as well as dental studies oriented to the estimation of the ages of the three children at the time of death. Ancient DNA studies and hair analysis were also performed in cooperation with the George Mason University, the University of Bradford, and the Laboratory of Biological Anthropology at the University of Copenhagen. Ethnohistorical sources reveal interesting aspects related to the commemorative, expiatory, propitiatory, and dedicatory aspects of human sacrifice performed under Inca rule. The selection of the victims along with the procedures followed during the performance of the capacocha ceremony will be discussed, based on the bioarchaeological evidences from frozen mummies and the accounts recorded by the Spanish chroniclers.

A case study of anorexia nervosa driven by religious sacrifice.

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Davis, Amelia A; Nguyen, Mathew

2014-01-01

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is considered a relatively "modern" disorder; however, a number of scholarly works have cited examples of voluntary self-starvation dating back to several centuries. In particular, there are many examples of female starvation for religious reasons during the medieval period, with many being elevated to sainthood. We present a case of an elderly woman with AN who began restricting her diet when she was 13-years old while studying to be a nun at a Catholic convent. She reports that, during the development of her disease, she had no mirrors and, rather than restricting her diet to be thin or attractive, she restricted her diet to be closer to God in hopes of becoming a Saint. This unique case presents an opportunity to deepen our understanding of AN and the cultural context that affects its development.

A Case Study of Anorexia Nervosa Driven by Religious Sacrifice

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Amelia A. Davis

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Anorexia nervosa (AN is considered a relatively “modern” disorder; however, a number of scholarly works have cited examples of voluntary self-starvation dating back to several centuries. In particular, there are many examples of female starvation for religious reasons during the medieval period, with many being elevated to sainthood. We present a case of an elderly woman with AN who began restricting her diet when she was 13-years old while studying to be a nun at a Catholic convent. She reports that, during the development of her disease, she had no mirrors and, rather than restricting her diet to be thin or attractive, she restricted her diet to be closer to God in hopes of becoming a Saint. This unique case presents an opportunity to deepen our understanding of AN and the cultural context that affects its development.

Down Syndrome and Fragile X Syndrome in a Colombian Woman: Case Report

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Saldarriaga, Wilmar; Ruiz, Fabian Andres; Tassone, Flora; Hagerman, Randi

2017-01-01

Background: Down syndrome (DS) and Fragile X syndrome (FXS) are the major genetic causes of intellectual disabilities. Here, we present a case of a 32-year-old woman with the diagnosis of both FXS and DS. She is the daughter of a 47-year-old pre-mutation woman who also has three sons with FXS. Methods: Cytogenetic testing detected the presence of…

Stunning method effect on the most important parameters which influence sacrifice and quality of pork

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José Guadalupe Gamboa-Alvarado

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The effect of captive bolt pistol (PP and knocked down by hammer (NM on sensibility and pork quality was evaluated employing 28 commercial porks considering as co-variables the ante mortem rest (REP, and environmental moisture (HUM and temperature (TEMP during sacrifice. PSE carcasses presence was higher (P0.05 was observed in the pH and TEMP at 45 min (pH45 and T45, nor at 24 h (pH24 and T24 post mortem in luminosity (L*, yellowness (b* and drip loss (PG, probably because the muscles were already affected by the ante mortem handling. The pH24 showed a negative relationship (P<0.05 with REP and, when REP was superior to 43h, pH24 were characteristics of PSE carcasses. The increase in HUM and REP provoked higher (P<0.01 T24, where carcass cooling required more attention. The knocked down by hammer (NM provoked a higher (P<0.01 redness and CRA by the accumulate stress during ante mortem handling and stunning.

A woman as archaeologist – the appearance a new identity

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Yakimova, I. V.

2015-05-01

Full Text Available In this paper I analyze the characteristics of the integration of women in archaeological scientific community in the second half of XIX th and early XX th centuries. The author, using the concept of status identity J. Marcia, is considering the formation of professional identity of women archaeologists by lives and careers of P. S. Uvarovoy and K. N. Melnyk-Antonovich. J. Marcia’s status identity theory is based on Erikson’s concept of ego-identity and he describes four types (statuses of identity formation based on the presence or absence of crises and commitment in occupational and ideological realms: Identity Diffusion, Foreclosure Identity, Identity Achievement and Moratorium. In this paper, I consider individuals with the Foreclosure Identity, this type of women includes P. S. Uvarovy and K. N. Melnyk-Antonovich. Foreclosure Identity is characterized by following a woman living projects that were not laid by themselves, and authoritative leaders (father, husband, in this case woman does not take part in «building their own lives». That is, the development of their identity «is through the identification, rather than individuation». At the initial stage of entering a woman in archaeological scientific community she needed the support of the men, preferably authoritative person in the scientific society. For the example the lives and career P. S. Uvarovoy and K. N. Melnyk-Antonovich clearly seen the fact that a woman could realize themselves in the scientific community only through her husband (A. S. Uvarov, V. B. Antonovich.

“Lasso of Truth”: Rediscovering the Forgotten History of Wonder Woman

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Irena Jurković

2015-06-01

Full Text Available In a period witnessing the increasing popularity of superhero franchises, comic book historian Tim Hanley sheds light on the forgotten history of the world’s most famous female superhero, Wonder Woman. Tim Hanley’s Wonder Woman Unbound: The Curious History of the World’s Most Famous Heroine, as its title suggests, aims to explore the curious path of Wonder Woman: from the creation of the character to her contemporary iconic status. The book is comprised of three sections that follow the eras of American comic books: Golden Age, Silver Age and Bronze Age. Hanley starts off with Wonder Woman’s origin story, associating it primarily with the life and work of her creator, psychologist William Marston. The story begins when an American pilot, Steve Trevor, crashes on the hidden Paradise Island and is found injured by Diana and her fellow Amazons. Paradise Island is the home of mythical Amazons guided by goddesses Aphrodite and Athena. Their world is an only-female utopia situated far away from the outside, violent, world of men. However, while Amazons live in peace, the outside world is bursting with war and Steve needs to return to America to fulfill his soldier duties. The Amazon goddesses decide to send a warrior, Diana, to help Steve through his journey. That warrior later becomes a superheroine known by the name of Wonder Woman.

Inventário Feminino dos Esquemas de Gênero do Autoconceito (IFEGA Feminine Inventory of the Self-Concept's Gender Schemas (IFEGA

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Adriana Giavoni

2005-04-01

Full Text Available O propósito deste artigo foi elaborar e validar o Inventário Feminino dos Esquemas de Gênero do Autoconceito (IFEGA. Composto por duas escalas (masculina e feminina, este instrumento avalia os esquemas masculino e feminino do autoconceito das mulheres. A amostra foi composta por estudantes universitárias do sexo feminino. Análises fatoriais foram realizadas para ambas as escalas (Principal Axis Factoring, com rotações oblíquas e ortogonais, assim como foram avaliados os índices de consistência interna dos fatores (Alfa de Cronbach para que o instrumento fosse apropriadamente validado. Os resultados demonstraram que ambas as escalas são compostas por estruturas multifatoriais. Devidamente validado, o IFEGA pode ser utilizado para avaliar os esquemas masculino e feminino do autoconceito de indivíduos do sexo feminino.The purpose of this article was to elaborate and validate the Feminine Inventory of the Self-Concept's Gender Schemas (IFEGA. Composed by two scales (masculine and feminine scales, this instrument evaluates female self-concept's gender schemas. The sample was composed by female university students. Factorial analysis for both scales (Principal Axis Factoring with oblique and orthogonal rotations was performed, as well as the internal factors consistency analysis (Cronbach's Alpha, in order to validate the instrument. The results showed that IFEGA´s scales are composed by multifactorial structures. It can be stated that both scales may be used in the evaluation of the female self-concept's gender schemas.

[Estrogens and feminine brain maturation during adolescence: emergency contraceptive pill].

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López Moratalla, Natalia; Errasti Alcalá, Tania; Santiago, Esteban

2011-01-01

In the period between puberty and maturity takes place the process of brain maturation. Hormone levels induce changes in neurons and direct the architecture and structural functionality thus affecting patterns of development of different brain areas. The onset of puberty brings with it the invasion of the female brain by high levels of hormones, cyclic surges of estrogen and progesterone in addition to steroids produced in situ. Control centers of emotions (amygdala), memory and learning (hippocampus) and sexual activity (hypothalamus) are modified according to the cyclical concentrations of both hormones. Sex hormones stimulate multimodal actions, both short and longer terms, because neurons in various brain areas have different types of receptors, membrane, cytoplasmic and nuclear. The composition of emergency contraceptive pill (postcoital pill) with high hormonal content raises the urgency of a thorough knowledge about the possible effect that the lack of control of the menstrual cycle in a time of consolidation of brain maturation, can bring in structuring and development of brain circuitry. Changes in the availability of sex steroids during puberty and adolescence underlie psychiatric disorders whose prevalence is typically feminine, such as depression, anxiety disorders. It is a fundamental ethical duty to present scientific data about the influence of estrogen in young female brain maturation, both for full information to potential users, and also to induce the appropriate public health measures.

Loss of Self and the Struggle for Individuality in Kate Chopin’s The Awakening

OpenAIRE

Yemez, Öznur

2016-01-01

Using Chodorowian terminology, the present study deals with The Awakening, in which Kate Chopin questions the concept of feminine personality, loss of self, vision of womanhood, male oppression of women, mother-woman and female quest for an individual personhood. Therefore, the paper argues that male-dominated society legitimates the victimization of women, creating a sense of selflessness through objectification of the female gender. Being exposed to overwhelming responsibilities from a very...

Die vrou Wysheid, God, en ekobillikheid: Liggaamsideologie in Spreuke 8:1–9:18

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Philip P. Venter

2009-11-01

This article examines the ideology of the body, specifically in terms of the gender of Wisdom and God, from an ecojustice perspective. Femininity within a God construct could contribute to a value system that incorporates compassion, interrelatedness and mutual care. In Proverbs 8:1–9:18, however, the woman Wisdom does not represent an ecofriendly construct, but simply enhances and supports the patriarchal, masculine values incorporated in the God Yahweh.

ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN POLY CYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME PATIENTS AND FACTORS AFFECTING OVARIAN FOLLICULAR SIZE

OpenAIRE

S.Prathyusha , Syed Umar Farooq , Dr.A.Narsimha Reddy , Dr.D.Sudheer kumar , Dr.P.Kishore*

2017-01-01

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is defined as the presence of hyperandrogenism (clinically and/or biochemically) chronic anovulation in the absence of specific adrenal pituitary gland abnormality. The clinical features of PCOS are Hyperandrogens, Hirsutism, Acne, Obesity, Insulin resistance. The impact of these symptoms on a woman quality of life may be profound and can results in psychological distress that threatens her feminine identity. The study shows factors impacting quality of life...

Stereotypes Of College Students Toward The Average Man's And Woman's Attitudes Toward Women

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Kaplan, Robert M.; Goldman, Roy D.

1973-01-01

College students perceive a great difference between the (stereotyped) attitude of the average man'' and average woman'' toward the role of women in society. The average man was seen as viewing women in a more traditional manner than the average woman. The interaction between sex of respondent and stereotype sex indicated that female respondents…

A Profile of the Woman Engineer, 1984.

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Hetrick, Haydee; And Others

This biennial report is based on responses from 2,112 of the 4,453 non-student members of the Society of Women Engineers (SWE) who were surveyed during the winter of 1983-84. All responses to the survey questionnaire (included in an appendix) were considered in the data analysis. Any woman with an engineering degree, holding state engineering…

IRONY IN Xi Xi‟s “A WOMAN LIKE ME”: A SEMIOTICS PERSPECTIVE

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Lany Kristono

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Taking most probably the 1980s Hong Kong as its setting, ―A Woman Like Me‖ depicts the modern Hong Kong and its people‘s quite modern life style. Unlike in the Oriental tradition, in which a woman should play their traditional roles, the story is opened by a description of a career woman sitting alone in a cafe, waiting for her boyfriend and is ended by the woman seeing her boyfriend carrying a large bouquet of flowers, walking into the café. A café and a bouquet of flowers as an expression of love are definitely not parts of the Oriental culture. However, a deeper look into the woman‘s thoughts reflects a very Oriental tradition beneath the superficial western life-style, which is often associated with modernity. Since café, flowers, and the woman‘s job signify a much bigger meaning which refer to the people‘s culture and bedrock belief, this paper would employ semiotics to reveal a possible meaning delivered by the story.

Woman Position In Iron Man Movies

OpenAIRE

ANINDITHA, ANNISA

2014-01-01

Aninditha, Annisa. 2014. Woman Position in Iron Man movies. Study Program ofEnglish, Department of Language and Literature, Faculty of Cultural Studies,Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Supervisor: Fariska Pujiyanti. Co Supervisor: NurulLaily Nadhifah. Keywords: Movie, Patriarchal, Iron Man. Movie is one of literary works and electronic media. Movie becomes the best strategy to communicate and deliver message about what happens in this world. The movie makers or directors can express critics, co...

The Woman in Red: Examining the Effect of Ovulatory Cycle on Women's Perceptions of and Behaviors Toward Other Women.

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Netchaeva, Ekaterina; Kouchaki, Maryam

2018-04-01

Previous research has shown that during her monthly peak fertile window, a woman competes with other women for a suitable mate. Drawing upon research on ovulation and socially constructed meanings of the color red, we examine how a woman's fertility status and red clothing worn by a target woman change perceptions of the target, as well as behaviors toward the target. Following previous research on the ovulatory status and color red effects, we rely on both hormonal and self-reported fertility data. Across six studies, our research fails to provide support for the prediction that an ovulating woman is less likely to trust another woman wearing red compared with a nonovulating woman.

Feminilidade: alteridade e experiência Femininity: alterity and experience

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Márcia Arán

2002-06-01

Full Text Available Este ensaio tem como objetivo desenvolver a noção de alteridade na psicanálise a partir dos conceitos de feminilidade e de experiência. Parte de uma crítica à centralidade do modelo Édipo / castração na teoria psicanalítica ­ modelo este que fundamenta uma forma de subjetivação que se faz pelo recalque como defesa ou pela renúncia pulsional - para pensar novas formas de sociabilidade. Inicialmente, procura-se analisar o destino da experiência alteritária na modernidade: o outro como estranho-familiar. Em seguida, através da análise de algumas passagens da obra freudiana, procura-se desen­ volver a noção de alteridade no registro da imanência, ou seja, como uma abertura para a diferença.The objective of this essay is to elaborate on the notion of alterity in psychoanalysis based on the concepts of femininity and experience. The point of departure is a critique of the centrality of the Oedipean/castration model in psychoanalytical theory (a model underlying a form of subjectivation resulting from repression or denial of drive in order to conceive new forms of sociabilily. The article begins by analyzing lhe fate of the altetily experience in modernity: lhe other as slrange/familiar. Next, by analyzing key passages from Freud's work, lhe author seeks to develop the notion of alterily in lhe context of immanence, that is, as an openness to difference.

Kitybė Susan Hill novelėje ,,The Woman in Black“

OpenAIRE

Kučinskaitė, Martyna

2016-01-01

Otherness in the Novella by Susan Hill “The Woman in Black” The present BA paper considers the representation of otherness in Susan Hill’s horror novella The Woman in Black (1983). The novella’s story is set in the Victorian England where the main concerns are the ghost of Jennet Humfrye who haunts the village, Crythin Gifford, and the haunted Eel Marsh House. Whenever she is seen by someone in the village, or in the house she haunts, a child dies under mysterious circumstances. The present p...

Maintenance electroconvulsive therapy for depression with catatonia in a young woman with Down syndrome.

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Torr, Jennifer; D'Abrera, Juan Carlos

2014-12-01

To describe and discuss the use of maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in a young woman with Down syndrome and depression with catatonia. Clinical case report. A 23-year-old woman with Down syndrome (mosaic type) and a 4-year history of depressed mood triggered by adverse life events presented with mutism, psychomotor retardation, and compromised oral intake. Multiple trials of antidepressant medications were either ineffective or complicated by adverse reactions. She improved rapidly with a course of bilateral ECT but required maintenance ECT to sustain recovery. A series of premorbid, morbid, and post-treatment drawings by the young woman highlight the efficacy of treatment. Electroconvulsive therapy was found to be a safe and effective treatment for life-threatening mental illness in a young woman with Down syndrome who had failed multiple trials of antidepressant medications. This case highlights the importance of considering catatonia as a diagnosis in persons with Down syndrome and the effectiveness of electroconvulsive treatment.

Images of the Muslim Woman and the Construction of Muslim Identity. The Essentialist Paradigm

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Elham Manea

2016-05-01

Full Text Available This article argues that much of the postmodern discourse on the Muslim woman and her veil is symptomatic of what I call the “essentialist paradigm”. The world is seen through the prism of a group’s religious/cultural identity and eventually constructs a Muslim identity – and with it an image of the Muslim Woman. The image of the oppressed veiled Muslim Woman and the treatment of a piece of cloth as synonymous with her whole identity and being are products of this paradigm of thought. Using an interdisciplinary approach that combines discourse analysis and a case study of the construction of the British Muslim community, this article argues that the essentialist paradigm ignores the context of its subject matter with all its accompanying power structures, political and social factors, and the roles played by both the state and fundamentalist Islam in constructing a Muslim identity and with it the Muslim Woman and her dress code.

Social class and family size as determinants of attributed machismo, femininity, and family planning: a field study in two South American communities.

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Nicassio, P M

1977-12-01

A study was conducted to determine the way in which stereotypes of machismo and femininity are associated with family size and perceptions of family planning. A total of 144 adults, male and female, from a lower class and an upper middle class urban area in Colombia were asked to respond to photographs of Colombian families varying in size and state of completeness. The study illustrated the critical role of sex-role identity and sex-role organization as variables having an effect on fertility. The lower-class respondents described parents in the photographs as significantly more macho or feminine because of their children than the upper-middle-class subjects did. Future research should attempt to measure when this drive to sex-role identity is strongest, i.e., when men and women are most driven to reproduce in order to "prove" themselves. Both lower- and upper-middle-class male groups considered male dominance in marriage to be directly linked with family size. Perceptions of the use of family planning decreased linearly with family size for both social groups, although the lower-class females attributed more family planning to spouses of large families than upper-middle-class females. It is suggested that further research deal with the ways in which constructs of machismo and male dominance vary between the sexes and among socioeconomic groups and the ways in which they impact on fertility.

Dramatic Strategies Made Clear: The Feminist Politics in Griselda Gambaro's Puesta en claro

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Sandra Cypess

1996-01-01

Full Text Available In this essay I explore the feminist aspects of Puesta en claro , written in 1974, when Griselda Gambaro was not yet considered a writer who paid attention to feminine issues. Yet to the extent that Gambaro always focuses on the constellation of problems relating to power relations, she is including feminine and feminist issues in her text, and continues a tradition many critics relate to Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, as I shall argue in my conclusion. Seen within the trajectory of Gambaro's dramaturgy, Puesta en claro , as a play from the 1970s is also remarkable in showing a change in the typical pattern of victimization for her characters. Her audience sees that it is possible for the victims to renounce their passivity and rebel. Moreover, she embodies that message in the sign of a blind, apparently defenseless, domesticated, dominated woman. I suggest that in the creation of the blind woman Gambaro comments on the significance of the male gaze, not as an inherent attribute, but as a controlling agent derived from the patriarchal system. She also shows that the private spaces of the domestic sphere to which women are relegated within the patriarchy can be reconstituted as a site of power.

THE FEMALE’S MASCULINITIES AGAINST SIAMESE PATRIARCHAL SYSTEMS IN ELIZABETH HAND’S ANNA AND THE KING

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Anna Sriastuti

2017-04-01

Full Text Available By not giving voice and value to women‘s opinions, responses and writings, men have therefore suppressed the female, define what it means to be feminine, and therefore devoiced, devalued, and trivialized what it means to be a woman. As femininity is mostly related to women for women are labeled as extensions of men, mirrors of men, devices for showing men off, and also devices for helping men get what they want, women‘s position is inferior to men. This study discusses the female‘s masculinities through the portrayal and life experiences of the main female characteristics, Anna Leonowens, as her protests against the Siamese patriarchal systems that abundant her life as a career woman and also the oppressed lives of Siamese women in Elizabeth Hand‘s novel Anna and the King. Feminism and Deconstructions approaches will be applied to analyze Leonowens‘ actions and reactions regarding to what Siamese patriarchal systems claim to be parts of masculine traits. Leonowens‘ nationality, cultural and educational backgrounds as well as positions play significant roles in the novel. By opposing Leonowens‘ ways of thinking to the King who represents the patriarchal system of Siam, Hand gives a new identity to women in struggling for gender equality in Siam.

Linguoculturological Analysis of Woman's Image in the Proverbs and Sayings of the Dagestan Languages

Science.gov (United States)

Gasanova, Marina; Magomedova, Patimat; Gasanova, Salminat

2016-01-01

The article is devoted to linguoculturological description of woman's image in the proverbial worldview of the Dagestan languages. The analysis of proverbial expressions revealed androcentric bias of the Dagestan paroemiological worldview where woman, as a rule, appears for an object: mainly for mother, daughter, bride, and wife/mistress. The…

Against the Odds: The Impact of Woman Abuse on Maternal Response to Disclosure of Child Sexual Abuse

Science.gov (United States)

Alaggia, Ramona; Turton, Jennifer V.

2005-01-01

Although the co-occurrence of woman abuse and child sexual abuse is high little research exists exploring the impact of woman abuse on maternal response to child sexual abuse (CSA). Findings from two qualitative studies indicate the form of woman abuse to have differential impact on maternal response. Mothers who were abused in non-physical ways,…

Complex Personhood as the Context for Intimate Partner Victimization: One American Indian Woman's Story

Science.gov (United States)

Murphy, Sharon; Lemire, Lynne; Wisman, Mindi

2009-01-01

This qualitative case study explores one American Indian (AI) woman's experience of intimate partner violence and the subsequent murder of her abusive partner. The lens of complex personhood (Gordon, 1997) has been applied as a method for understanding "Annie's" multiple identities of AI woman, victim of intimate partner violence, mother, and…

Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in an immunocompetent pregnant woman

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kim Woo

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Disseminated mycobacterium avium complex (MAC occurs mainly in immunocompromised hosts, which is associated with abnormal cellular immunity. Case presentation A 26-year-old pregnant woman presented with fever and general weakness. Miliary lung nodules were noted on chest X-ray. Under the impression of miliary tuberculosis, anti-tuberculosis medication was administered. However, the patient was not improved. Further work-up demonstrated MAC in the sputum and placenta. The patient was treated successfully with clarithromycin-based combination regimen. Conclusion This appears to be the first case of disseminated MAC in an otherwise healthy pregnant woman. Clinicians should be alert for the diagnosis of MAC infection in diverse clinical conditions.

Sexualidades, artes visuais e poder: pedagogias visuais do feminino Sexualities, visual arts and power: visual pedagogies of the feminine

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luciana Gruppelli Loponte

2002-07-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho trata das relações entre sexualidades, artes visuais e poder, levando em conta as teorizações de Michel Foucault, principalmente a respeito de conceitos como poder e discurso. Analiso como a sexualidade feminina é colocada em discurso através das imagens produzidas pela arte ocidental, a partir de um olhar masculino bastante particular. Ao afirmar que essas imagens produzem uma pedagogia do feminino, pretendo contribuir para a ampliação das análises realizadas no campo do ensino das artes visuais (e, conseqüentemente, para a formação docente na área, que nos últimos anos, através das tendências metodológicas e teóricas mais recentes, vêm destacando o papel das imagens na educação sem, contudo, dar a devida importância a conceitos como gênero, sexualidade e poder.This work is about the relations between sexualities, visual arts and power, taking in consideration the theorizations of Michel Foucault, mainly in respect to conceits like power and dissertation. Analyses like the feminine sexuality is put in dissertation through the images produced by occidental art, starting by a very particular masculine eye. In affirming that these images produce a pedagogy of the feminine, I pretend to contribute to the amplification of the analysis that take place in the teaching field of visual arts (and consequently, for the teaching formation on the area that in the last years, through more recent methodological and theoretical tendencies, has been distinguishing the role of the images in education without, however, giving the proper attention to conceits like gender, sexuality and power.

30-year-old woman with breast mass

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beaulieu, C.; Kennedy, B.; Kopans, D.B.

1984-01-01

This 30-year-old woman with a history of renal transplant requiring vigorous medication with Prednisone and Imuran felt a left breast lump after minor trauma. Her only complaint was itching over the area of the lump. Bilateral mammography was performed and demonstrated an 8 x 8 cm well circumscribed mass in the anterior aspect of the left breast. This finding was nonspecific. Ultrasound was performed

A young woman with weakness of the legs

African Journals Online (AJOL)

A previously well 22-year-old woman presented with progressive weakness of her legs and urinary incontinence over 7 days. Clinically she was healthy, with no skin rashes. On neurological examination she had profound bilateral weakness of the lower limbs, hypertonia, hyperreflexia, a positive Babinski sign and a T6 ...

青年期の自立にかかわる諸問題(6) : 思春期やせ症とボディ・イメージおよび女性性

OpenAIRE

永江, 誠司

2000-01-01

The purpose of this study was to discuss the relationship of anorexia nervosa to body image and femininity in adolescent female. The definition and diagnosis standard of anorexia nervosa were explained according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) by The American Psychiatric Association. The psychological aspects of anorexia nervosa were analized from three points of view, disorder of eating behavior, disorder of body image, and maturity refusal as a woman. Furth...

Stereotypes about sex related personality traits

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Andreja Avsec

2002-05-01

Full Text Available In present research, stereotypes about sex differences in personality traits were examined. They were compared to traits, included in two masculinity and femininity questionnaires and to big five factors. Results indicate the presence of gender stereotypes and their similarity to stereotypes, discovered in other studies. The majority of attributes that comprise stereotypes about average man pertain to assertive and controlling tendency, but in stereotypes about average woman caring and nurturant qualities predominate.

Minority Business Enterprises and Woman Business Enterprises Grant Utilization

Science.gov (United States)

The policy goal of the MBE/WBE Programs is to assure that minority business enterprises and woman business enterprises are given the opportunity to participate in contract and procurement for supplies, construction, equipment & services under any EPA grant

Social interactions and play patterns of parents and toddlers with feminine, masculine, and neutral toys.

Science.gov (United States)

Caldera, Y M; Huston, A C; O'Brien, M

1989-02-01

Children as young as 18 months display sex-stereotyped toy choices. The present study was designed to determine whether parents encourage involvement with sex-stereotyped toys or avoidance of cross-sex-stereotyped toys and to determine whether masculine and feminine toys lead to different patterns of parent-child interaction, regardless of gender. 40 parent-toddler dyads were videotaped while playing with 6 different sets of sex-stereotyped toys. Equal numbers of boys and girls were observed with mothers and fathers. The children showed greater involvement when playing with same-sex-typed toys than with cross-sex toys even when statistically controlling for parents' behaviors. Parents' verbal behaviors, involvement, and proximity to the child differed across toy groups, regardless of the parent's or child's gender. Parents' initial nonverbal responses to the toys, however, were more positive when the toys were stereotyped for the child's and parent's gender than when they were not.

Adversaries and Allies: Rival National Suffrage Groups and the 1882 Nebraska Woman Suffrage Campaign

Science.gov (United States)

Heider, Carmen

2005-01-01

In September 1882, Nebraska was the setting for a significant moment in the history of the United States women's rights movement: the two rival suffrage organizations, the American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA) and the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA), both held their annual conventions in Omaha. The alliance of the AWSA and the NWSA…

Women Doctors and Lady Nurses: Class, Education, and the Professional Victorian Woman.

Science.gov (United States)

Heggie, Vanessa

2015-01-01

The lives of the first women doctors in Britain have been well studied by historians, as have the many debates about the right of women to train and practice as doctors. Yet the relationship between these women and their most obvious comparators and competitors-the newly professionalized hospital nurses-has not been explored. This article makes use of a wide range of sources to explore the ways in which the first lady doctors created "clear water" between themselves and the nurses with whom they worked and trained. In doing so, it reveals an identity that may seem at odds with some of the clichés of Victorian femininity, namely that of the intelligent and ambitious lady doctor.

Flora White (1860-1948): New Woman, Stark Choice

Science.gov (United States)

Morice, Linda C.

2009-01-01

This article examines the life of education reformer Flora White, who both represented and deviated from the stereotypical new woman portrayed in popular literature of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. White's decision to reject marriage and children in favor of a career resulted in greater financial insecurity and an unmet desire…

Sexuality and the older woman.

Science.gov (United States)

Tremayne, Penny; Norton, Wendy

2017-07-27

Sexual health is a key public health issue. The older woman faces a number of changes to her sexual health, wellbeing and sexuality. These changes result in many older women having to adapt to a series of complex transitions that can be challenging. This article aims to identify and explore some of these changes and how they can have a significant impact on women's quality of life. Nurses play an important role in assessing and helping women to manage normal and pathological age-related changes in order to improve the sexual health of older women and ensure they receive the advice and support needed at this stage of their life.

78 FR 8682 - Culturally Significant Object Imported for Exhibition Determinations: “Vermeer's Woman in Blue...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-02-06

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice 8177] Culturally Significant Object Imported for Exhibition Determinations: ``Vermeer's Woman in Blue Reading a Letter'' SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given of the following... object to be included in the exhibition ``Vermeer's Woman in Blue Reading a Letter,'' imported from...

The Tzu Chi Silent Mentor Program: Application of Buddhist Ethics to Teach Student Physicians Empathy, Compassion, and Self-Sacrifice.

Science.gov (United States)

Santibañez, Scott; Boudreaux, Debra; Tseng, Guo-Fang; Konkel, Kimberly

2016-10-01

The Buddhist Tzu Chi Silent Mentor Program promotes the donation of one's body to science as a selfless act by appealing to the Buddhist ethics of compassion and self-sacrifice. Together, faculty, families, and donors help medical students to learn the technical, spiritual, emotional, and psychological aspects of medicine. Students assigned to each "Silent Mentor" visit the family to learn about the donor's life. They see photos and hear family members' stories. Afterwards, students write a brief biography of the donor which is posted on the program website, in the medical school, and on the dissection table. In this paper, we: (1) summarize the Silent Mentor Program; (2) describe findings from an assessment of medical students who recently completed a new version of the program in Malaysia; and (3) explore how healthcare settings could benefit from this innovative program.

The Way Women's Fight Against Patriarchal System: a Feminist Analysis Towards Pearl S. Buck's Imperial Woman

OpenAIRE

Wennyta

2015-01-01

This research is conducted to show that woman not always passive, weak or inferior side, but she can use her inferiority (from patriarchal point of view) as a tricky strategy to get the equality between men and women. It is described in Imperial Woman, where Yehonala succeeds in arranging many strategies inside the oppression from patriarchal system. In collecting the data, the writer conducts a library research. A novel by Pearl S. Buck, entitled Imperial Woman and also the biography of Buck...

Managing depression: analytic, antidepressants or both?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucas Richard

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Patients with depression cover the spectrum, in terms of severity of psychopathology, between those receptive to analytic psychotherapy and those that require treatment with medication. In this paper, the author demonstrates how a psychoanalytic framework of understanding has a place in the latter group, and can aid general psychiatrists in relating to their depressed patients. The notion of a pathological ego-destructive superego taking over control in depression is explored, with the need to unseat it and replace it with a more mature superego providing an overall framework of approach to treatment.

On the Discovery of Eastern Hellenistic Initiatory Altar of the 3rd – 1st Centuries BC Depicting the Plot of Bull Sacrifice in the City of Stavropol

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Prokopenko Yuriy A.

2016-10-01

Full Text Available The article is devoted to the semantic and chronological analysis of the images on the plate of white tuff discovered in the city of Stavropol. The central part of the relief is occupied with the image of table – an altar with hoisted bull head (in the background and the hanging part of bull skin (in the foreground. Between the protruding edges of the hanging skin and lower to the ground (between the legs of the altar an ancient Greek phrase carved in three lines. The composition is completed by flanking images of two figures in long robes depicted in profile, symmetrically turned to the head of the bull. The figure at the right is an image of a man with a long beard, the lower edge of which is bent forward (priest or king. The figure at the left is a female (queen. Both the man and the woman are holding ritual vessels in hands. The plot of bull sacrifice is typical for the cultural traditions of ancient Greece as well as for ancient eastern states. The fact of combining images and inscriptions peculiar of the Hellenistic culture and ancient Iranian mythology on the Stavropol altar should be associated with the religious policy pursued by the Pontic kings since the second half of the 3rd century BC till the Common Era. This policy was focused on the gradual replacement of local cults by Greek ones in the official pantheon. The reasons for the Asia Minor altar existence in the Stavropol Upland include: 1 the military expeditions of the Sarmatians to Asia Minor in 2nd – 1st centuries BC; 2 the establishment of political and economic ties by the North Caucasus population with the state of Seleucids in the 2nd century BC, with Parthia in the 2nd – 1st centuries BC, and especially with the kingdom of Pontus in the 1st century BC.

Organizing in a National Sacrifice Area: the radioactive waste campaign in New Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Colombo, L.J.

1981-01-01

Organizing in a National Sacrifice Area concerns a citizens' campaign to affect the development of a Federal radioactive waste disposal facility in New Mexico. This facility, called the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), is intended to be the first permanent radioactive waste disposal facility in the United States. The three principal elements of this work are: (1) demographic, economic and attitudinal information providing the social context for the citizens' campaign; (2) the theory and practice of community organizing with respect to the New Mexico radioactive waste disposal project; and (3) the history of citizen activities to affect the New Mexico state legislature on this issue. The demographic and attitudinal information include: survey research conducted previously concerning nuclear waste and nuclear power; demographic and economic data for New Mexico principally from the 1970 Census; a secondary analysis of a base-line survey concerning nuclear development in New Mexico; and original qualitative and survey research dealing with public attitudes in the state on the WIPP project. The attitude change and maintenance literature are also reviewed. This dissertation covers the events constituting the establishment of the WIPP project in New Mexico and citizen activities both opposed to and in support of the radioactive waste disposal project. In addition, citizen activity to influence the New Mexico state legislature in 1979 with regard to radioactive waste disposal is reviewed. An analysis of the New Mexico state legislature in terms of this issue is made also

Instances of Bessie Head's distinctive feminism, womanism and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

It will be argued that her fiction highlights the plight of the socially marginalized in eccentric and seminal ways and that it bears the potential to enrich debates on Africanism, feminism and womanism. Conclusions on how the complexities of Head's psyche can be beneficially used to enrich a more judicious reading will be ...

76 FR 81004 - Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: “Woman in Blue, Against...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-12-27

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice: 7739] Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: ``Woman in Blue, Against Blue Water'' by Edvard Munch SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given of the..., Delegation of Authority No. 257 of April 15, 2003), I hereby determine that the object ``Woman in Blue...

The role of the illusion in the construction of erotic desire: narratives from heterosexual men who have occasional sex with transgender women.

Science.gov (United States)

Reback, Cathy J; Kaplan, Rachel L; Bettcher, Talia M; Larkins, Sherry

2016-08-01

Little is known about men's sexual desire for and erotic attraction to male-to-female transgender women. To better understand how erotic desire is constructed, this study examined the narratives of a sample of heterosexual men who had had an occasional sexual encounter with a transgender woman. Open-ended qualitative interviews were conducted with 16 heterosexual men who reported at least one sexual encounter with a transgender woman in the previous 12 months. Using principles of Grounded Theory, three themes emerged: (1) the erotic desire that transpired from a transgender woman's construction of her femininity, (2) the sexual act that dictated the specific navigation of a transgender woman's penis and (3) the sexual dissonance that resulted from being a heterosexually identified man having sex with a partner who had a penis. These themes reflected how the participants defined and negotiated their sexual encounters, both psychologically through their understanding of sex with a transgender woman with a penis, and physically through the navigation of specific sex acts. The role of the 'illusion' was central to the meaning and construction of erotic desire. These narratives provided another framework for continuing discourse on the complexity of erotic desire.

FOOLISHNESS FOR CHRIST, LOVE AND MATERNITY IN LUDMILA ULITSKAYA'S PLAY "THE SEVEN SAINTS"

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Moteyunaite I. V.

2008-11-01

Full Text Available The article presents a new understanding of such a complex cultural phenomenon as foolishness for Christ through the example of Ludmila Ulitskaya's historical play "The Seven Saints". The author shows that the hero of the 1990's became a blessed woman (a God's fool, who neither sets an optimistic example nor gives faith in the triumph of spirit, but who can only die with dignity, following Christ's way and His final sacrifice.

Embodied experiences. Visual representations of woman and maternity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Serena BRIGIDI

2016-04-01

Full Text Available The paper presents a reflection on the embodied experience of mother and representations of mother- hood in Western culture, within advertising and television series, documentaries and movies.Typically, motherhood is imagined as the product (having a baby, becoming a parent and not as the arduous process over the life of a person. It is presents with a universal character and it is used in movies as a strategy when they want to feel emotions: an a-historical mother gives birth, looks at his son, she takes him in her arms, and she loves him, sacrifices and she is next him forever. In other words, it’s all worth it if the prize is to become mother. In the collective imagination, these ideas have helped to cre- ate the ideal type of mother: how she should act and what value would motherhood in our society. With this premise, I analyze the omissions after the images: we are taking just a simple model of mother who destroy or idealize. Though models of women, mothers, couples and families are many more today.

Depression, Sex and Gender Roles in Older Adult Populations: The International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Afshin Vafaei

Full Text Available To assess the associations between gender roles and depression in older men and women and whether gender roles are independent risk factors for depression.International cross-sectional study of adults between 65 and 74 years old (n = 1,967. Depression was defined by a score of 16 or over in the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D. A validated 12-item Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI was used to classify participants in gender roles (Masculine, Feminine, Androgynous, and Undifferentiated using research site medians of femininity and masculinity as cut-off points. Poisson regressions were fitted to estimate the prevalence ratios (PR of depression for each gender role compared to the masculine role, adjusting for sex, sufficiency of income, education, marital status, self-rated health, and chronic conditions.Among men, 31.2% were androgynous, 26% were masculine, 14.4% were feminine, and 28.4% were undifferentiated; among women, the corresponding percentages were 32.7%, 14.9%, 27%, and 25.4%. Both in men and in women, depressive symptoms (CES-D≥16 were more prevalent in those endorsing the undifferentiated type, compared to masculine, feminine or androgynous groups. However, after adjusting for potential confounders, compared to the masculine group only those endorsing the androgynous role were 28% less likely to suffer from depression: PR of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.55-0.93. In fully adjusted models, prevalence rates of depression were not different from masculine participants in the two other gender groups of feminine and undifferentiated.Androgynous roles were associated with lower rates of depression in older adults, independently of being a man or a woman.

Depression, Sex and Gender Roles in Older Adult Populations: The International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS).

Science.gov (United States)

Vafaei, Afshin; Ahmed, Tamer; Freire, Aline do N Falcão; Zunzunegui, Maria Victoria; Guerra, Ricardo O

2016-01-01

To assess the associations between gender roles and depression in older men and women and whether gender roles are independent risk factors for depression. International cross-sectional study of adults between 65 and 74 years old (n = 1,967). Depression was defined by a score of 16 or over in the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). A validated 12-item Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) was used to classify participants in gender roles (Masculine, Feminine, Androgynous, and Undifferentiated) using research site medians of femininity and masculinity as cut-off points. Poisson regressions were fitted to estimate the prevalence ratios (PR) of depression for each gender role compared to the masculine role, adjusting for sex, sufficiency of income, education, marital status, self-rated health, and chronic conditions. Among men, 31.2% were androgynous, 26% were masculine, 14.4% were feminine, and 28.4% were undifferentiated; among women, the corresponding percentages were 32.7%, 14.9%, 27%, and 25.4%. Both in men and in women, depressive symptoms (CES-D≥16) were more prevalent in those endorsing the undifferentiated type, compared to masculine, feminine or androgynous groups. However, after adjusting for potential confounders, compared to the masculine group only those endorsing the androgynous role were 28% less likely to suffer from depression: PR of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.55-0.93). In fully adjusted models, prevalence rates of depression were not different from masculine participants in the two other gender groups of feminine and undifferentiated. Androgynous roles were associated with lower rates of depression in older adults, independently of being a man or a woman.

Paraurethral leiomyoma in a postmenopausal woman

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Shim, Susy; Borg, Camilla Skovvang; Majeed, Huda Galib

2015-01-01

Leiomyomas are benign tumors extending from smooth muscle cells and only few cases of paraurethral leiomyomas have been described in the literature. They are often seen in the reproductive age and around 50% of the cases are asymptomatic. We describe a 59-year-old woman with a solid mobile tumor...... below the symphysis revealed at a gynecological examination. Transvaginal ultrasound and MRI confirmed the tumor and excision of the paraurethral tumor was carried out. The histological examination showed a benign paraurethral leiomyoma. The postoperative period was characterized by urethral pain...

Complete Utero Vaginal Prolapse in a Woman with Prolapsed ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

cleansing of the prolapsed tumor with antiseptic solution for. 3 weeks. This failed to produce significant improvement, and. Complete Utero Vaginal Prolapse in a Woman with. Prolapsed Submucous Fibroid. Aniebue UU, Nwankwo TO. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku, ...

A depressed post-menopausal woman.

Science.gov (United States)

Lutwak, Nancy; Dill, Curt

2012-11-01

Post-menopausal women are at significant risk for coronary artery disease, have increased rates of depression compared to their male counterparts, and often present atypically with coronary insufficiency. The symptoms of depression and coronary ischemia overlap greatly. Complaints like fatigue, body aches, and sleep disturbance reported by a depressed elderly woman may be cardiac related and need to be investigated seriously without physician bias. To ensure that clinicians are cautious when evaluating older women with a history of depression who are presenting with atypical complaints. A 61-year-old woman with history of depression presented to the Emergency Department with multiple complaints atypical for acute coronary syndrome. She had an immediate electrocardiogram and troponin-T Biosite point-of-care test (Biosite Incorporated, San Diego, CA) performed, which were positive for cardiac ischemia and myocardial infarction. The patient underwent immediate cardiac catheterization, which revealed occlusion of the mid left circumflex. After aspiration of thrombus and balloon dilatation of the site, a bare metal stent was deployed, restoring excellent flow. The patient did well medically but her depression worsened after the procedure and continues despite psychiatric intervention. For years there have been gender differences in medical treatment of coronary artery disease, and often women's complaints are not investigated aggressively. Post-menopausal women are at great risk for cardiac ischemia and depression, and their symptoms, which are often atypical, may not be diagnosed as anginal equivalents. In addition, depression is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and, if it occurs after myocardial infarction, may lead to poor quality of life and increased morbidity and mortality. Patients who have had a coronary event must be thoroughly evaluated for signs of depression and receive the necessary treatment. Published by Elsevier Inc.

The Effect of IFRS Convergence and the Proportion of Woman in Audit Committee on Earning Management

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Siswanti Dwi Surti

2017-01-01

Full Text Available This study aims to find empirical evidence the effect of IFRS convergence and the proportion of woman in audit committee on earning management. Respondents used in this study were companies listed in Jakarta Stock Exchange for the year 2011 until 2013. Using moderated regression analysis this study supports the hypothesis that IFRS convergence and the proportion of woman in audit committee have negative effect on earning management. This finding implies that IFRS convergence and the proportion of woman in audit committee will increase the quality of financial reporting.

Woman Entrepreneurship in Haryana: Challenges and Problems.

OpenAIRE

Sanchita

2013-01-01

The paper highlights the various problems and challenges faced by woman entrepreneurs while running the enterprises in the present competitive world of today which is both healthy as well as unhealthy. The problems of women entrepreneurs include working capital, distribution channel, sales promotion, electricity, human resources and competition with medium and large industries. To justify the need of the present study we have reviewed the literature. To draw policy implications we are require...

A mathematical model of the nine-month pregnant woman for calculating specific absorbed fractions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Watson, E.E.; Stabin, M.G.

1987-01-01

Existing models which allow calculation of internal doses from radionuclide intakes by both men and women are based on a mathematical model of Reference Man. No attempt has been made to allow for the changing geometric relationships that occur during pregnancy which would affect the doses to the mother's organs and to the fetus. As pregnancy progresses, many of the mother's abdominal organs are repositioned, and their shapes may be somewhat changed. Estimation of specific absorbed fractions requires that existing mathematical models be modified to accommodate these changes. Specific absorbed fractions for Reference Woman at three, six and nine months of pregnancy should be sufficient for estimating the doses to the pregnant woman and the fetus. This report describes a model for the pregnant woman at nine months. An enlarged uterus was incorporated into a model for Reference Woman. Several abdominal organs as well as the exterior of the trunk were modified to accommodate the new uterus. This model will allow calculation of specific absorbed fractions for the fetus from photon emitters in maternal organs. Specific absorbed fractions for the repositioned maternal organs from other organs can also be calculated. 14 refs.; 2 figs

A mathematical model of the nine-month pregnant woman for calculating specific absorbed fractions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Watson, E.E.; Stabin, M.G.

1986-01-01

Existing models that allow calculation of internal doses from radionuclide intakes by both men and women are based on a mathematical model of Reference Man. No attempt has been made to allow for the changing geometric relationships that occur during pregnancy which would affect the doses to the mother's organs and to the fetus. As pregnancy progresses, many of the mother's abdominal organs are repositioned, and their shapes may be somewhat changed. Estimation of specific absorbed fractions requires that existing mathematical models be modified to accommodate these changes. Specific absorbed fractions for Reference Woman at three, six, and nine months of pregnancy should be sufficient for estimating the doses to the pregnant woman and the fetus. This report describes a model for the pregnant woman at nine months. An enlarged uterus was incorporated into a model for Reference Woman. Several abdominal organs as well as the exterior of the trunk were modified to accommodate the new uterus. This model will allow calculation of specific absorbed fractions for the fetus from photon emitters in maternal organs. Specific absorbed fractions for the repositioned maternal organs from other organs can also be calculated. 14 refs., 2 figs

The magazine feminal: photography and visualization of the feminine contribution to the educational reform in Catalonia 1907-1917

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Bernat SUREDA GARCIA

2015-04-01

Full Text Available In Barcelona, between 1907 and 1917, a monthly feminine supplement called Feminal run by Carme Karr i Alfonsetti was published in the magazine Ilustració Catalana. Feminal systematically resorted to photographs to round off its reports on current affairs. The orientation Karr sets the publication responds to the ideas of conservative feminism that advocate for a greater public presence of women, without ceasing to be a wife and a mother, by modernizing their education. These aims are framed in and committed to the broad Regenerationist programme promoted by the Catalan industrial bourgeoisie at the time, with education as one of its main axes. In this article we analyse the role of photographs in reinforcing the modernizing discourse of education.

Representations of feminine work in telenovela: contributions to a telefictional gender analysis

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Lírian Sifuentes

2011-12-01

Full Text Available This paper aims to discuss the representation of women in telenovelas from the category "work". We propose a discussion of the analysis methodology, which is based on a rereading of the model encoding/ decoding of Stuart Hall (2003a performed by Ronsini et al. (2009. The results show that despite a relative appreciation of women's work, the plots remain to portray the sexual division of labor from the model man-public sphere and woman-private sphere.

The End of Man

OpenAIRE

Martinon, Jean-Paul

2013-01-01

Masculinity? This book attempts to answer this one-word question by revisiting key philosophical concepts in the construction of masculinity, not in order to re-write or debunk them again, but in order to provide a radically new departure to what masculinity means today. This new departure focuses on an understanding of sexuality and gender that is neither structured in oppositional terms (masculine-feminine, male-female, man-woman) nor in performative terms (for which the opposition remains ...

Sclerosing cholangitis with ulcerative colitis in a Nigerian woman ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) is a relatively rare cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. It presents as chronic cholestasis associated with jaundice and pruritus. We report a middle aged Nigerian woman who presented with cholestatic jaundice and diagnosed with PSC with concurrent ulcerative colitis based on ...

Africana-womanism and the sexist paradox in Emeka Nwabueze's ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Nwabueze's The Dragon's Funeral, which examines the remote factors that triggered the Aba women's riot, sounds Africana-womanist largely because it adopts a moderate approach in reviewing the relationship between men and women in a male dominated society. Africana-womanism, isolates the black peculiarity of the ...

A singularly unfeminine profession one woman's journey in physics

CERN Document Server

Gaillard, Mary K

2015-01-01

In 1981 Mary K Gaillard became the first woman on the physics faculty at the University of California at Berkeley. Her career as a theoretical physicist spanned the period from the inception — in the late 1960s and early 1970s — of what is now known as the Standard Model of particle physics and its experimental confirmation, culminating with the discovery of the Higgs particle in 2012. A Singularly Unfeminine Profession recounts Gaillard's experiences as a woman in a very male-dominated field, while tracing the development of the Standard Model as she witnessed it and participated in it. The generally nurturing environment of her childhood and college years, as well as experiences as an undergraduate in particle physics laboratories and as a graduate student at Columbia University — which cemented her passion for particle physics — left her unprepared for the difficulties that she confronted as a second year graduate student in Paris, and later at CERN, another particle physics laboratory near Geneva,...

Estudio de la historia del Club Medicina Hispalense, equipo de baloncesto femenino = Study of the history of the feminine basket team Club Medicina Hispalense

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Rojo Rodríguez

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Estudio descriptivo del Club Medicina Hispalense, equipo de baloncesto femenino que pasó desde niveles competitivos universitarios a niveles profesionales. En el estudio se descubre la situación económica, política y social del momento y por otro lado como afecta el mismo al Club. El objetivo de estudio principal del estudio es ilustrar la biografía del Club Medicina Hispalense de Baloncesto Femenino, por medio de recopilación de datos, mostrando la evolución, dificultades de la progresión del deporte amateur y por supuesto, la incapacidad para la mantener la estructura del club teniendo esto correlación con múltiples situaciones deportivas similares en el resto de clubes.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------Descriptive study of the Club Medicina Hispalense, A team of feminine basketball that went on from competitive university levels to professional levels. In the study there is discovered the economic, political and social situation of the moment and on the other hand like the same one concerns the Club. The aim of the main study is to focus the biography of the Basketball feminine Club Medicina Hispalense, by mean of summary the information, showing the evolution, the difficulties of the progress of the nonprofit sport and of course the inability to support the structure of the club having this relation with various sports in similar situation in other clubs.

48 CFR 970.1907 - Subcontracting with Small Business, Small Disadvantaged Business and Woman-Owned Small Business...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Small, Small Disadvantaged and Women-Owned Small Business Concerns 970.1907 Subcontracting with Small Business, Small Disadvantaged Business and Woman-Owned Small Business... Business, Small Disadvantaged Business and Woman-Owned Small Business Concerns. 970.1907 Section 970.1907...

41 CFR 102-74.426 - May a woman breastfeed her child in a Federal building or on Federal property?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false May a woman breastfeed... woman breastfeed her child in a Federal building or on Federal property? Yes. Public Law 108-199, Section 629, Division F, Title VI (January 23, 2004), provides that a woman may breastfeed her child at...

The New Woman in "The Sun Also Rises"

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Xiaoping

2010-01-01

Hemingway is a famous American writer and a spokesman of the Lost Generation. His life attitude of the characters in the novels influenced the whole world. His first masterpiece "The Sun Also Rises" contributes a lot to the rise of feminism and make the world began to be familiar with a term: The New Woman through the portrayal of Brett.…

DEDEMAN CAMPAIGNS: THE COMPENSATION OF BEING A MAN DOMINATED BY A MOODY WOMAN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

MADALINA MORARU (BUGA

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Advertising seems to be the perfect field for playing gender games, either as a relationship between authority and subordination or as a conflict. Dedeman campaigns are very well-known for targeting men by using their family background, especially women, considering product specificity. The company focuses on retail construction for home design, and is the brainchild of two Romanian owners. Basically, this company offers all the consumer needs to build a house on the outside and the inside as he or she wishes, or to modernize an existing construction. Dedeman advertising is very rich and distributed on diverse media channels, even if the company is still young. The following research aims to highlight the relationship between masculinity and femininity in promoting brand values and service quality by analyzing print and outdoor advertisements. Therefore, we are very interested in establishing the role of the product in this difficult relationship of communication, given it is equally designed for men and for women, but establishes a different connection with them. The main purpose here is to discover the involvement of the brand and products in family life, and to identify the male and female target profile. This research relies on the visual and linguistic sample of Dedeman print campaigns and the method approach is the analysis of the advertising discourse in texts created for billboards and print advertisements. We are very interested in the types of advertising texts (argumentative, narrative, descriptive, the linguistic representations of femininity and masculinity, and syntactic relationship between product and gender. At the end of this research, we expect to reveal a Dedeman advertising strategy applied in promoting brand’s values which may involve the gender roles in a creative way.

[Venous thromboembolism triggered by spinning in a young woman with thrombophilia].

Science.gov (United States)

Elikowski, Waldemar; Małek, Małgorzata; Montewska, Dominika; Kurosz, Jolanta; Wróblewski, Dariusz; Zawilska, Krystyna

2011-01-01

Although regular sports activities decrease the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), VTE cases have been observed among professional and amateur athletes practicing various disciplines. The authors describe a case of a 25-year-old-woman in whom calf pain, as popliteal vein thrombosis manifestation--preceding pulmonary embolism, occurred after she took up spinning, a popular form of indoor cycling. There was no history of leg injury. In hemostasis work up, factor V Leiden mutation and acquired low antithrombin activity-related to oral contraceptives use, were found. Strenuous exercise in an untrained woman might augment prothrombotic hemostasis profile. Vigorous cycling in standing position in the last phase of spinning, seems to be most unfavorable for patients with high VTE risk.

The Woman-Embryo Conflict in the Abortion Debate at the Parliament

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Susana Rostagnol

2008-05-01

Full Text Available This article analyzes the woman-embryo conflict discussed by the Uruguayan Senate during the debates on abortion legalization in October and November 2007. Its aim is to show the underlying notions, which are classified as those that promote the ‘patrimonial control over the body’ and those that promote autonomy. From that perspective, it analyzes the abstract or concrete standpoint given to abortion in the Senators arguments. Then, it discusses the personhood assigned to zef (zygote-embryo-fetus based on biomedical arguments. It also discusses the attribute of moral person given/or not to the pregnant woman. Finally it shows that abortion is basically a fact that influences directly in the organization of social relations.

Stress and Coping in Higher Education: A Case Study of a Haitian American Woman Administrator

Science.gov (United States)

Wolfgang, Jeff Drayton; West-Olatunji, Cirecie A.; Overton, Jeanine; Shah, Bindi; Coral, Cristina

2015-01-01

The authors applied Relational-Cultural Theory (RCT) to conduct a case study of an Afro-Caribbean woman administrator to explore her perceptions of stress and coping in higher education. While much has been written about the challenges facing Black faculty and students, this study focused on the experiences of a Black woman administrator in a…

"Woman," Television and the Case of "Cagney and Lacey."

Science.gov (United States)

D'Acci, Julie

This investigation of some of the meanings of "woman" that are produced and negotiated in the interaction of television representations, viewer receptions, and the historical/industry context focuses on the "Cagney and Lacey" series--produced in the United States--as a particular instance of the cultural production and…

Tropical Splenomegaly Syndrome in a pregnant woman: A good ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The patient was diagnosed as a case of tropical splenomegaly syndrome or hyperreactive malarial splenomegaly through exclusion criteria. Before the woman got pregnant she was given a course of chloroquine. Patient was given supportive treatment: normal saline IV fluid, vitamin B12, iron and folate. On admission she ...

A young woman with fever and a pericardial effusion

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Muntinghe, Friso; De Filippi,; Breedveld,; Halma,

2002-01-01

A 19-year-old woman is presented with high-spiking fever, pericardial tamponade and respiratory failure. A diagnosis of adult onset Still's disease was made. This is a rare inflammatory disease with an unknown aetiology. The diagnosis is made by exclusion and with the help of diagnostic criteria.

Pregnancy in a non-communicating rudimentary uterine horn in an obese woman

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Munck, Dorete Frydshou; Markauskas, Algirdas; Lamont, Ronald Francis

2013-01-01

We would like to report the rare occurrence of a pregnancy in a non-communicating rudimentary uterine horn in an obese woman which evaded diagnosis, ruptured, and resulted in major intra-abdominal hemorrhage. A nulliparous woman, with a BMI of 36, presented at 21-weeks gestation with a history...... of abdominal pain. Prior to that time, the pregnancy had been uneventful with ultrasound (US) scans at 13(+0) and 19(+3) weeks which reported a normal pregnancy. © 2013 The Authors Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica © 2013 Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology....

Profile and Role of Woman Involvement in Dry System Pig Farming

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Hartoko Hartoko

2004-01-01

Full Text Available This research was purposed to study the profile and role of woman involvement in dry system pig farming (pig housing with mattress from grass, pig manure, vegetable waste and kitchen waste.  The research was carried out from August to November 2003.  Pig housing areas were located on eight villages of Kertek District in Wonosobo Regency (Central Java.  The method applied was survey with intensive observation.  Sample were randomly selected, involved 180 respondents (15 percent of total pig farmers, while the locations of the sample were selected based on purposive sampling method.  The result showed that respondents were in productive age, with low formal education level. Most of all are Moslems (98% and they have small family size.  The level of woman involvement in pig farming was high, approximately 85 percent.  They have other income source and they involve in pig farming to help their husbands in generating income.  Experience in the dry system pig farming was quite long (more than 10 years and skill come from imitating their neighbours otherwise of autodidact. (Animal Production 6(1: 23-29 (2004   Key Words: Pig, Dry System, Woman Profile and Role

Woman-centred care during pregnancy and birth in Ireland: thematic analysis of women's and clinicians' experiences.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Hunter, Andrew

2017-09-25

Recent policy and service provision recommends a woman-centred approach to maternity care. Midwife-led models of care are seen as one important strategy for enhancing women\\'s choice; a core element of woman-centred care. In the Republic of Ireland, an obstetric consultant-led, midwife-managed service model currently predominates and there is limited exploration of the concept of women centred care from the perspectives of those directly involved; that is, women, midwives, general practitioners and obstetricians. This study considers women\\'s and clinicians\\' views, experiences and perspectives of woman-centred maternity care in Ireland.

Feminine figures and frontiers social in the poetic of Manoel de Barros

OpenAIRE

Rodrigues, Rauer Ribeiro [UNESP

2011-01-01

We contemplated concerning the borders in the social relationships, verifying that way the speech poetic internalizes the moral conventions and it fastens identities when proposing the alterity as a one other radically different. We studied the woman's representation in the poetry of Manoel de Barros, in the grandmother's figures, of the mother, of the women of the people and of the prostitutes. We verified the way as the women are figured and the function that they carry out in the universe ...

The case of the pregnant woman from the medieval site of “Preko Slatine” in Omoljica

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Đukić Ksenija

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The paper presents the case of the pregnant woman discovered at the medieval necropolis of “Preko Slatine” in Omoljica, a village near Pančevo. The necropolis is dated to the period of the 12th-13th century AD. It deals with a woman aged 25-30 (probably around 28 years old in the advanced stages of pregnancy, discovered in grave No. 13. This paper presents the possible conditions that led to the death of this woman, but also the problems faced by anthropologists when they attempt to resolve individual cases like this. In paleodemographic research, the mortality rate of pregnant woman is an important element of a population’s progress. Pregnant woman mortality is considered an adequate criterion for the social and sanitation conditions of a community and a sensitive indicator of health care and, sometimes, the skill level possessed by midwives or doctors. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. III 45005: Functional, functionalized and advanced nano materials, Grant no. 177007: Romanization, urbanization and transformation of urban centers of civil, military and residential character in Roman provinces on the territory of Serbia and Grant no. 177021: Urbanization processes and development of medieval society

Preoperative Emboli in a Pregnant Woman with Myxoma

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Freidoun Sabzi

2016-07-01

Full Text Available The left atrium is the most common location of myxomas, which are benign tumors. Only a few cases of myxomas in pregnancies have been reported. Our thorough medical literature search showed only 17 reported cases in the course of pregnancy. Myxomas during pregnancy and in the preterm period constitute a serious phenomenon that can mimic an early sign of a life-threatening pathology like severe mitral stenosis. We describe a 33-year-old woman, who presented with acute dyspnea to a gynecology center and was referred to our hospital for further evaluation of pulmonary embolism. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a huge left atrial myxoma, and computed tomography scan illustrated paradoxical pulmonary embolism in the left upper lung lobe via a large patent foramen ovale. The tumor required urgent cardiac surgery. In this article, we review causes of dyspnea in pregnancy and the cardiovascular effects of myxomas in pregnancy. We also describe the pathophysiological effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on the mother, fetus, and the feto-placental system during open-heart surgery. We performed a successful surgical resection of a myxoma in a pregnant woman. Given the rarity of such cases, individual multidisciplinary assessment and management strategies are essential.

Successful Delivery in a Woman With Achondroplasia: A Case Report

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Mahbooheh Shirazi

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant disease which is characterized by limb shortening and narrow trunk, and macrocephaly. Women with achondroplasia suffer from infertility, menorrhagia, dysmenorrhoea, leiomyomata and early menopause. Our case was a 26-year-old woman with achondroplasia who had scoliosis and osteoporosis. She referred to our clinic at 9 weeks of gestation and had all screenings completely. She had a single female fetus with no abnormalities. She had an emergent due to rupture of membranes at 37 weeks and 3 days under general anesthesia. The neonate had no complications. The first minute Apgar score was 9 and 5th-minute Apgar score were 10. Umbilical artery Ph was 7.26 and birth weight was 3140. A woman with achondroplasia could have a normal pregnancy and give birth to a healthy term neonate under precise screening.

Successful Delivery in a Woman With Achondroplasia: A Case Report.

Science.gov (United States)

Shirazi, Mahbooheh; Golshahi, Fateme; Teimoory, Nastaran

2017-08-01

Achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant disease which is characterized by limb shortening and narrow trunk, and macrocephaly. Women with achondroplasia suffer from infertility, menorrhagia, dysmenorrhoea, leiomyomata and early menopause. Our case was a 26-year-old woman with achondroplasia who had scoliosis and osteoporosis. She referred to our clinic at 9 weeks of gestation and had all screenings completely. She had a single female fetus with no abnormalities. She had an emergent due to rupture of membranes at 37 weeks and 3 days under general anesthesia. The neonate had no complications. The first minute Apgar score was 9 and 5th-minute Apgar score were 10. Umbilical artery Ph was 7.26 and birth weight was 3140. A woman with achondroplasia could have a normal pregnancy and give birth to a healthy term neonate under precise screening.

[Woman's participation in the decision process of the pregnancy and puerperal cycle: nursing care integrative review].

Science.gov (United States)

Busanello, Josefine; Lunardi Filho, Wilson Danilo; Kerber, Nalú Pereira da Costa; Lunardi, Valéria Lerch; dos Santos, Silvana Sidnei

2011-12-01

This is an integrative review that aims to identify the contribution of nursing care for woman's participation in the decision process of the pregnancy and puerperal cycle, as described in Brazilian scientific publications. The scientific productions were retrieved in May, 2010, from the Virtual Library of Health (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde) database. From the eight articles reviewed, two themes stood out: Contributions of nursing care to the woman's participation in the decision process of the pregnancy and puerperal cycle; and Limitations of nursing care to the woman's participation in the decision process of the pregnancy and puerperal cycle. The following review supports the production of knowledge in nursing, by identifying a gap in what nurses know and do about this issue, as shown by the lack of nursing researches that concern, specifically, the participation of the woman in the decision process during the pregnancy and puerperal cycle and the possible contributions of nursing care to ensure women of this right.

Sir Galahad, skiing and a woman's quest for freedom

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pfister, Gertrud Ursula

2013-01-01

in winter. She also learned ski jumping. The little information that is available about her skiing activities clearly demonstrates that this sport played a key role in her life. Besides perfectly keeping up with her self-image as a competent woman, skiing provided her with the opportunity of escaping normal...

A psychological approach to ethics.

Science.gov (United States)

De Meira Penna, J O

1985-09-01

This article has the purpose of calling attention to C.G. Jung's archetypal concept of the Self as an approach to ethics. The distinction between simple morality and transcendent ethics is established. Comparison is made between the archetype of the Self and Kant's categorical imperative. Freud's superego, however, is assimilated to a "natural" outlook on morality, such as the notion of altruism in sociobiology. The superego is only the psychic effect of the current moral code-which could be explained either culturally or as a Lamarckian acquired characteristic of the unconscious. Jung's transcendent ethics is expressed in an "ethical mandala."

Loss of attributes of femininity, anxiety and value crisis. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome compared to women after mastectomy and in menopause

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dorota Mącik

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS is a relatively widespread disease and a main cause of fertility problems. The disease diagnosis is frequently related to changes in the value hierarchy. However, it can be treated as a “loss of/threat to” femininity. Similar aspects of the loss of part of femininity are connected with menopause and mastectomy. Participants and procedure One hundred and forty-five women were examined in total: 42 with the PCOS diagnosis, 20 after mastectomy, 42 in menopause and 41 healthy women (reference group. Standard measurement methods were used: the Value Crisis Questionnaire by P. Oleś and the IPAT Anxiety Scale – Self Analysis Form by R. B. Cattell. Results Women suffering from PCOS obtained significantly higher indexes of both crisis and anxiety compared to other groups, whereas women after mastectomy and in menopause did not differ between one another in tested variables, and they did not differ from healthy women either. It was noted that the most relationships between variables were observed in the group of women in menopause (significant correlations between almost all dimensions, while there are few relationships in women after mastectomy. In women with PCOS (a relatively small number of correlations relationships of the greatest strength relate to the relationships of negative self-esteem and guilt proneness with all dimensions of the value crisis. Conclusions Polycystic ovary syndrome, despite having a relatively non-threatening course, is experienced much more strongly by women compared to mastectomy and menopause. It is associated with strong internal anxiety and degradation of the value hierarchy.

No Woman's Land (Performance extract in Bangkok)

OpenAIRE

Garton, Rosie; Rippel, IIdiko

2016-01-01

'No Woman's Land' (performance) is 1 hr 15 minute large-scale, multi-media performance work. In 1945, Ildikó’s grandmother Lucia Rippel, expelled from her place of birth, walked 220 miles across the fractured landscape of Europe, with her two small children and all her belongings dragged in a cart. In 2015, Ildikó and Rosie retraced her footsteps, crossing borders, climbing fences, bleeding, crying and blistering, carrying their flat-pack children. The performance is a response to our walk an...

Down Syndrome and Fragile X Syndrome in a Colombian Woman: Case Report.

Science.gov (United States)

Saldarriaga, Wilmar; Ruiz, Fabian Andres; Tassone, Flora; Hagerman, Randi

2017-09-01

Down syndrome (DS) and Fragile X syndrome (FXS) are the major genetic causes of intellectual disabilities. Here, we present a case of a 32-year-old woman with the diagnosis of both FXS and DS. She is the daughter of a 47-year-old pre-mutation woman who also has three sons with FXS. Cytogenetic testing detected the presence of a complete trisomy 21. A combination of PCR and Southern blot analysis was utilized to document the presence of the FMR1 full mutation. The patient has physical characteristics and behavioural disturbances typical of both FXS and DS, which were confirmed by molecular testing. Her treatment plan included a trial of sertraline because of the severity of her shyness and lack of language. She had an excellent response to sertraline with improvement in shyness and social interactions, particularly with family members. In this study, we report the case of a woman with both FXS and DS, which is the fifth case of FXS and DS in the world's literature. The patient is from Ricaurte, a small town in Colombia, South America, where there is the world's highest prevalence for FXS. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

First report of human parechovirus type 3 infection in a pregnant woman

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Makiko Shinomoto

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Human parechovirus type 3 (HPeV3 can cause serious conditions in neonates, such as sepsis and encephalitis, but data for adults are lacking. The case of a pregnant woman with HPeV3 infection is reported herein. A 28-year-old woman at 36 weeks of pregnancy was admitted because of myalgia and muscle weakness. Her grip strength was 6.0 kg for her right hand and 2.5 kg for her left hand. The patient’s symptoms, probably due to fasciitis and not myositis, improved gradually with conservative treatment, however labor pains with genital bleeding developed unexpectedly 3 days after admission. An obstetric consultation was obtained and a cesarean section was performed, with no complications. A real-time PCR assay for the detection of viral genomic ribonucleic acid against HPeV showed positive results for pharyngeal swabs, feces, and blood, and negative results for the placenta, umbilical cord, umbilical cord blood, amniotic fluid, and breast milk. The HPeV3 was genotyped by sequencing of the VP1 region. The woman made a full recovery and was discharged with her infant in a stable condition.

[The foundation of "feminine" and "masculine". Useful theories for the training of future physicians concerning the importance of gender].

Science.gov (United States)

Risberg, G

2000-11-15

A gender perspective on health and consultation is part of medical education today. Teaching about gender must not focus on differences between men and women as essential, biological, and unchangeable. The meaning of "feminine" and "masculine" is largely a social construction, i.e. the behavior and character of an individual are seldom determined by sex. Furthermore, women and men live under different conditions and have different positions in society. Medical students need to be aware of this and reflect upon the influence it may have on their professional role and practice. To achieve this awareness, knowledge about the construction of gender is needed. This article reviews relevant research in this field. The gender of the physician is used as a basis and illustration of this.

Umělec jako genderový koncept: genderové stereotypy v estetice

OpenAIRE

Šlaufová, Markéta

2009-01-01

The Thesis Artist as a Gender Related Issue: Gender Stereotypes in Aesthetics considers the problem of gender stereotypes included in aesthetic theories and concepts which are often used in Aesthetics. Gender (as a social construct of sex) functions as a deep factor in all theories of art, art production and artist. The problematic connotations of masculinity and femininity aren't based on the facts but on stereotypes; significant is the example of the myth that man is "creative", woman is "p...

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in a young woman with systemic lupus ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage (DAH) is rarely reported complication of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). A young woman diagnosed SLE, with a previously normal plain chest radiograph, developed acute onset cough, dyspnoea and hemoptysis. The repeat urgent chest radiograph revealed alveolar opacities. The triad ...

Marie Curie: Physicist and Woman

Science.gov (United States)

Howes, Ruth

Marie Sklodowska was born in Warsaw on November 7, 1867. Girls were not allowed to attend college in Poland, so Marie found a well-paying post as a governess in rural village which she held for three years while helping her older sister complete medical school in Paris. Then Marie moved to Paris and graduated first in her class at the Sorbonne with a master's degree in physics in 1893. In 1895, she married the talented young physicist, Pierre Curie. Marie decided to investigate the radioactive components of the mineral pitchblende for her dissertation. The work involved chemical analysis of a ton of material in an unheated shed. Pierre joined her and at the end of 1898, the Curies announced the discovery of radium and polonium. Through 1899, Marie labored to measure the atomic weight of radium. In 1903, Marie earned her doctorate, the first for a woman in France, and the Curies split the Nobel Prize in Physics with Henri Becquerel. They became widely known, besieged by the press and frequently invited to make presentations and be awarded honors. They hated fame and both suffered bad health. In April, 1906, Pierre Curie was struck by a wagon and killed instantly. Marie was left as a single mother with two young daughters. Fortunately, the Sorbonne hired her to fill Pierre's position. In 1911, she was rejected for membership in the French Academy of Science because she was a woman. Also in 1911, she was accused of having an affair with a married French physicist Paul Langevin. The resulting scandal hit the press and brought angry mobs to her home. In the middle of this hullaballoo, she was informed that she had won a second Nobel Prize, this time in Chemistry. When World War I broke out, Marie mounted x-ray units on cars and became a heroine. She visited the United States in 1921 where President Harding presented her with a gram of radium. She continued her scientific studies in spite of declining health until her death in 1934. Professor Emerita.