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Sample records for breve exegesis sobre

  1. Exegesis seeking appropriation; appropriation seeking exegesis: Re-reading 2 Samuel 13:1−22 in search of redemptive masculinities

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    Gerald West

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available Exegesis in the traditional sense is concerned with generating as much (scientific detail about a biblical text as possible. Whilst the two primary modes of biblical exegesis � socio-historical and literary-semiotic � do this differently, they share a common concern for the detail of the text as an ancient artefact. Critical distance is a key concept here, with the exegetes bracketing (for a moment their own contexts and concerns. However, such bracketing is impossible to sustain, and so the exegetes� interests (shaped by their contexts and concerns �leak� into the act of exegesis. Most exegetes today recognise this leakage, and whilst some still view such leakage as contaminating the exegesis, others, including the tradition of African biblical scholarship, actively identify the contextual concerns they bring to the task of exegesis, both respecting the detail of the text and desiring to be accountable to their contexts in which the Bible is a significant text. This article explored some of the dimensions of forms of exegesis that actively seek appropriation, using 2 Samuel 13:1�22 as an example. In this case, the article analysed the contextual shift from a focus on women as the victims of sexual violence to an emerging emphasis on masculinities. Reading the same text from these different contextual concerns �activates� particular details of the text, and so both draw on different elements of the text and thus guides the gaze of exegesis.

  2. Exegesis and Hermeneutics in Erasmus' Paraphrase on Luke

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    Bloemendal, J.

    2016-01-01

    This article discusses how Erasmus deals with the personae in the Paraphrase on Luke, distinguishing between the author Erasmus (the paraphrast), the narrator (the paraphraser) and the evangelist. These ‘Luke-voices’ are connected to exegesis (explanation of the narrative) and hermeneutics (the

  3. Breve revisión sobre características de la cutícula vegetal y penetración de herbicidas

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    María del C. Lallana

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Se presenta una breve revisión sobre las características de la cutícula de las plantas y su relación con la penetración de los herbicidas, así como los factores que afectan dicha penetración. Se tienen en cuenta aspectos estructurales, como características de las ceras de la cutícula, y ambientales que determinan la correcta absorción de los herbicidas. Se hace referencia a los estudios realizados sobre Eryngium horridum, la presencia de estomas y la penetración diferencial de los herbicidas en el haz y en el envés de las hojas.

  4. Speech act theory and New Testament exegesis

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    J. Botha

    1991-01-01

    Full Text Available Speech act theory offers New Testament exegesis some additional ways and means of approaching the text of the New Testament. This, the second in a series of two articles that make a plea for the continued utilisation and application of this theory to the text of the New Testament, deals with some of the possibilities and potential this theory holds for reading biblical texts. Advantages are pointed out and a few suggestions for the future proposed.

  5. Speech act theory and New Testament exegesis | Botha | HTS ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Speech act theory offers New Testament exegesis some additional ways and means of approaching the text of the New Testament. This, the second in a series of two articles that make a plea for the continued utilisation and application of this theory to the text of the New Testament, deals with some of the possibilities and ...

  6. The potential of speech act theory for New Testament exegesis ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Speech act theory as well offers New Testament exegesis some additional ways and means of approaching the text of the New Testament. This first in a series of two articles making a plea for the continued utilisation and application of this theory to the text of the New Testament, offers a brief discussion of the basic ...

  7. Apuntes sobre esporotricosis

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    Londoño, Fabio

    2011-01-01

    Se hace una breve reseña histórica de las primeras comunicaciones sobre esporotricosis. Se destaca la amplia difusión de la enfermedad en nuestro país. 3. Se hace notar la no existencia de datos bibliográficos sobre formas extracutáneas. 4. Se llama la atención sobre la eficaz ayuda de la intradermo-reacción con esporotriquina en el diagnóstico de la enfermedad. 5- Se comunica un caso de esporotricosis verrugosa tratado con anfotericin B, con excelentes resultados

  8. Apuntes sobre esporotricosis

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    Fabio Londoño

    1960-01-01

    Full Text Available Se hace una breve reseña histórica de las primeras comunicaciones sobre esporotricosis. Se destaca la amplia difusión de la enfermedad en nuestro país. 3. Se hace notar la no existencia de datos bibliográficos sobre formas extracutáneas. 4. Se llama la atención sobre la eficaz ayuda de la intradermo-reacción con esporotriquina en el diagnóstico de la enfermedad. 5- Se comunica un caso de esporotricosis verrugosa tratado con anfotericin B, con excelentes resultados

  9. É possível psicanálise breve?

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    Theodor S. Lowenkron

    Full Text Available A psicoterapia psicanalítica de tempo delimitado é aqui definida como um tratamento cujo prazo de duração é ajustado previamente entre o psicoterapeuta (ou analista e o sujeito que busca ajuda para dar conta de um sofrimento psíquico que se manifesta em uma área demarcável da vida do sujeito e cuja origem possa ser atribuída a um conflito inconsciente. A teoria psicanalítica fornece os modelos gerais que fundamentam o processo, e a cura se dá mediante a perlaboração dos conflitos inconscientes, com possíveis repercussões sobre o sujeito como um todo. Teoricamente, essa abordagem terapêutica fundamenta-se nas concepções de Freud, Ferenczi e das pesquisas realizadas na Clínica Tavistock, principalmente, através do experimento de Balint. Essa comunicação foi estimulada não só pelos resultados de pesquisas desenvolvidas pelo autor no campo da psicoterapia psicanalítica de tempo delimitado, mas também pela aprovação, por Resolução do Ministério da Saúde, da cobertura obrigatória pelos planos e seguros privados de saúde para a psicoterapia breve de crise com duração de até 12 sessões. Esse trabalho tem o objetivo de promover o debate em nosso meio sobre o valor da abordagem psicanalítica breve. Para tanto, além da apresentação de uma experiência clínica realizada com uma paciente durante cinco entrevistas psicoterápicas e mais duas entrevistas de follow-up, cerca de seis e 12 meses após o término do tratamento, discutem-se os fundamentos da ampliação do espaço psicanalítico tomando em consideração o posicionamento de Freud e as críticas teóricas e práticas, expostas por Birman, sobre o que pode ser denominado espaço psicanalítico. Nesse trabalho destaca-se ainda a importância de que, ao final da terapia, deve-se fazer uma avaliação dos resultados alcançados e, se o trabalho realizado não for considerado suficiente para a elaboração das tensões conflitivas que deram origem às manifesta

  10. Revisão de literatura sobre a aplicação da entrevista motivacional breve em usuários nocivos e dependentes de álcool Una revisión de la literatura sobre la aplicación de la entrevista motivacional breve en abuso o dependencia del alcohol A literature revision about the application of the brief motivational interviewing in harmful users and alcohol dependents

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    Cristiane Martins Baía Sales

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta os elementos necessários para a compreensão do uso da Entrevista Motivacional Breve em usuários nocivos e dependentes de álcool através de uma revisão da literatura sobre sua estrutura metodológica e efetividade. O edstudo inclui a revisão e discussão sobre o uso desta abordagem no Brasil. Foram selecionados 18 estudos internacionais e nacionais e seus resultados foram discutidos a partir da apresentação de duas tabelas com os principais resultados. A Entrevista Motivacional Breve consiste numa abordagem eficaz para usuários nocivos e dependentes de álcool; possui uma metodologia prática e objetiva, que permite ser ela aplicada por qualquer profissional treinado, podendo ser utilizada sozinha, acoplada a outras técnicas ou mesmo como prelúdio, preparando uma base motivacional para outros tratamentos. No Brasil m ais pesquisas são necessárias para que se encontrem meios eficientes, eficazes e de baixo custo para tratar indivíduos que se encontrem e qualquer dos diferentes estágios desta doença.Este artículo presenta los elementos necesarios para la comprensión del uso de la Entrevista Motivacional Breve en usuarios nocivos y dependientes de Alcohol a través de una revisión de la literatura sobre la estructura de su metodología y efectividad. Este trabajo también incluye la revisión y discusión sobre el uso de este abordaje en Brasil. Fueron seleccionados 18 estudios internacionales y nacionales y sus resultados fueron discutidos a partir de la presentación de sus tablas con los principales resultados. La Entrevista Motivacional Breve consiste en un abordaje eficaz para usuarios nocivos y dependientes del alcohol, posee metodología práctica y objetiva que permite ser aplicada por cualquier profesional entrenado, podiendo ser utilizada sola, acoplada a otras técnicas o aun como preludio preparando una base motivacional para otros tratamientos. En Brasil más pesquisas son necesarias para que se

  11. LA MIRADA DEL OTRO. BREVE AUTOFICCIÓN INTELECTUAL

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    Felipe Arocena

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Esta breve autobiografía o autoficción intelectual trata de idas y vueltas, de salidas y retornos, y de algunas de las influencias que percibo fueron significativas en mi vida, en mi formación profesional y en mi mirada sobre América Latina. Desde diferentes perspectivas reflexionaré también acerca de cómo esa experiencia académica y vital en Europa y Estados Unidos modeló mi identidad de sociólogo. Ese fue el desafío que me ofreció el editor de la revista y fue el espíritu con el que escribí este texto.

  12. The potential of speech act theory for New Testament exegesis: Some basic concepts

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    J. E. Botha

    1991-01-01

    Full Text Available Exegetes and biblical scholars are increasingly utilising the precepts of modern literary and linguistic theories in dealing with the text of the Bible. Speech act theory as well offers New Testament exegesis some additional ways and means of approaching the text of the New Testament. This first in a series of two articles making a plea for the continued utilisation and application of this theory to the text of the New Testament, offers a brief discussion of the basic principles of the theory.

  13. Trayectorias (sobre ruedas): un ensayo visual sobre los carritos de supermercado en la ciudad

    OpenAIRE

    Cruz, Edgar Gómez

    2014-01-01

    El siguiente trabajo es un breve bosquejo de las posibilidades del concepto de trabajo “trayectoria”. Una trayectoria no es sólo, en el sentido literal del término, el trazo del movimiento sobre un camino, sino que busca establecer una reflexión sobre las posibilidades de recolección de registros visuales/digitales/móviles para la investigación etnográfica desde la aleatoriedad del movimiento por la ciudad. El concepto de trayectoria busca dialogar con el de “flâneur” de De Certeau y Benjamin...

  14. Impacto de una intervención breve basada en mindfulness en niños: un estudio piloto

    OpenAIRE

    García Rubio, Carlos; Luna Jarillo, Teodoro; Castillo Gualda, Ruth; Rodríguez Carvajal, Raquel

    2016-01-01

    En la última década el interés por los efectos de la práctica de mindfulness ha sido exponencial. Sin embargo, todavía es escasa la investigación sobre sus efectos en el contexto escolar. Este estudio piloto examinó la efectividad de una intervención breve basada en mindfulness en estudiantes de primaria. Se diseñó un estudio pre-post aleatorizado a nivel de clase con un grupo control. Se investigaron sus efectos sobre distintos síntomas internalizantes y externalizantes, las habilidades de m...

  15. La mirada del otro. Breve autoficción intelectual

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    Felipe Arocena

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Esta breve autobiografía o autoficción intelectual trata de idas y vueltas, de salidas y retornos, y de algunas de las influencias que percibo fueron significativas en mi vida, en mi formación profesional y en mi mirada sobre América Latina. Desde diferentes perspectivas reflexionaré también acerca de cómo esa experiencia académica y vital en Europa y Estados Unidos modeló mi identidad de sociólogo. Ese fue el desafío que me ofreció el editor de la revista y fue el espíritu con el que escribí este texto.

  16. Contrasting effects of Bifidobacterium breve NCIMB 702258 and Bifidobacterium breve DPC 6330 on the composition of murine brain fatty acids and gut microbiota.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wall, Rebecca; Marques, Tatiana M; O'Sullivan, Orla; Ross, R Paul; Shanahan, Fergus; Quigley, Eamonn M; Dinan, Timothy G; Kiely, Barry; Fitzgerald, Gerald F; Cotter, Paul D; Fouhy, Fiona; Stanton, Catherine

    2012-05-01

    We previously showed that microbial metabolism in the gut influences the composition of bioactive fatty acids in host adipose tissue. This study compared the effect of dietary supplementation for 8 wk with human-derived Bifidobacterium breve strains on fat distribution and composition and the composition of the gut microbiota in mice. C57BL/6 mice (n = 8 per group) received B. breve DPC 6330 or B. breve NCIMB 702258 (10(9) microorganisms) daily for 8 wk or no supplement (controls). Tissue fatty acid composition was assessed by gas-liquid chromatography while 16S rRNA pyrosequencing was used to investigate microbiota composition. Visceral fat mass and brain stearic acid, arachidonic acid, and DHA were higher in mice supplemented with B. breve NCIMB 702258 than in mice in the other 2 groups (P breve DPC 6330 and B. breve NCIMB 702258 supplementation resulted in higher propionate concentrations in the cecum than did no supplementation (P breve DPC 6330 than in mice supplemented with B. breve NCIMB 702258 and unsupplemented controls, respectively. The response of fatty acid metabolism to administration of bifidobacteria is strain-dependent, and strain-strain differences are important factors that influence modulation of the gut microbial community by ingested microorganisms.

  17. Bacteremia induced by Bifidobacterium breve in a newborn with cloacal exstrophy.

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    Sato, Shinichi; Uchida, Toshihiko; Kuwana, Shota; Sasaki, Kazuto; Watanabe, Tatsuya; Saito, Junko; Kawaji, Takahiro

    2016-11-01

    Bifidobacterium breve is an effective probiotic agent used in the field of neonatology. Although B. breve has been considered safe, a case of B. breve bacteremia has been reported. The pathogenic mechanism underlying the bacteremia is unknown. Herein, we report a second case of B. breve bacteremia that developed in a neonate with multiple abdominal organ anomalies. Following surgical repair immediately after birth, B. breve treatment was started. After 1 week, the infant developed B. breve bacteremia following the onset of adhesive ileus. The bacteremia was thought to have been associated with an intestinal obstruction. A pediatric culture bottle is theoretically unsuitable for incubating B. breve because B. breve is an obligate anaerobic bacterium. It was, however, cultured from pediatric culture bottles in the present case, suggesting that pediatric culture bottles may be useful for procuring B. breve and for determining antimicrobial susceptibility for screening purposes in neonatal patients. © 2016 Japan Pediatric Society.

  18. Cellodextrin utilization by bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Pokusaeva, K.; Motherway, M.O.; Zomer, A.L.; Macsharry, J.; Fitzgerald, G.F.; Sinderen, D. van

    2011-01-01

    Cellodextrins, the incomplete hydrolysis products from insoluble cellulose, are accessible as a carbon source to certain members of the human gut microbiota, such as Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. Transcription of the cldEFGC gene cluster of B. breve UCC2003 was shown to be induced upon growth on

  19. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection caused by Bifidobacterium breve.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Suwantarat, Nuntra; Romagnoli, Mark; Wakefield, Teresa; Carroll, Karen C

    2014-08-01

    Bifidobacterium breve is a rare cause of human infections. Previously, bacteremia and meningitis caused by this organism linked to probiotic use have been reported in a neonate. We report the first case of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection caused by B. breve in an adult without a history of probiotic use. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  20. Cellodextrin utilization by bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

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    Pokusaeva, Karina; O'Connell-Motherway, Mary; Zomer, Aldert; Macsharry, John; Fitzgerald, Gerald F; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2011-03-01

    Cellodextrins, the incomplete hydrolysis products from insoluble cellulose, are accessible as a carbon source to certain members of the human gut microbiota, such as Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. Transcription of the cldEFGC gene cluster of B. breve UCC2003 was shown to be induced upon growth on cellodextrins, implicating this cluster in the metabolism of these sugars. Phenotypic analysis of a B. breve UCC2003::cldE insertion mutant confirmed that the cld gene cluster is exclusively required for cellodextrin utilization by this commensal. Moreover, our results suggest that transcription of the cld cluster is controlled by a LacI-type regulator encoded by cldR, located immediately upstream of cldE. Gel mobility shift assays using purified CldR(His) (produced by the incorporation of a His(12)-encoding sequence into the 3' end of the cldC gene) indicate that the cldEFGC promoter is subject to negative control by CldR(His), which binds to two inverted repeats. Analysis by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) of medium samples obtained during growth of B. breve UCC2003 on a mixture of cellodextrins revealed its ability to utilize cellobiose, cellotriose, cellotetraose, and cellopentaose, with cellotriose apparently representing the preferred substrate. The cldC gene of the cld operon of B. breve UCC2003 is, to the best of our knowledge, the first described bifidobacterial β-glucosidase exhibiting hydrolytic activity toward various cellodextrins.

  1. Uma breve reflexão sobre a integralidade Una breve reflexión sobre la integralidad A brief reflection about integrality

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    Rosane Teresinha Fontoura

    2006-08-01

    Full Text Available O estudo teve como objetivo investigar o conhecimento dos profissionais enfermeiros acerca da Integralidade em Saúde, de maneira a refletir sobre a interface deste princípio nas relações de trabalho. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são enfermeiros da rede básica de dois municípios do Rio Grande do Sul. Coletaram-se dados através de um questionário. Na análise foram codificados 5 categorias: O SUS de hoje, os princípios do SUS, a integralidade da assistência, a integralidade e sua interface no cotidiano do trabalho dos enfermeiros e o atendimento integral como prioridade nos serviços. Para os respondentes o SUS é um sistema completo em seus princípios e diretrizes, porém, na realidade não funciona conforme legislação.Os entrevistados percebem a integralidade, como prioridade nas práticas de saúde.El estudio tuvo como objetivo explorar el conocimiento del enfermero sobre la Integralidad em Salud, para ser possible el reflejar sobre la interfacies de este principio en las relaciones laborales. Los sujetos de investigación son enfermeros de la red basica de salud de dos municipios de Rio Grande do Sul. Los datos fueron recolectados través de un cuestionario y analisados segín cinco categorias: el Sistema Unico de Salud (SUS de hoy, los principios del SUS, la integralidad de la atención, la integralidade y su interfacies en el cotidiano de los enfermeros y la atención integral como prioridad en los servicios. Para los respondentes el SUS es un sistema completo un sus principios y diretrices, pero en la realidad no funciona de acuerdo con la legislación. Los respondentes perciben la integralidad como prioridad en las prácticas de salud.The study aimed at exploring the knowledge of nurses about integrality in health, in such way to reflect about the interface of this principle in work relations. The research subjects were nurses from the basic health system of two counties of Rio Grande do Sul State. The data were collected by a

  2. Curso CC 2010: Sobre proyectos de cultura científica

    OpenAIRE

    Ferrando González, Laura; Martínez Cáceres, Rafael

    2010-01-01

    Breves apuntes sobre los proyectos de cultura científica, su estructura y elementos, elaborados en el marco del curso de formación "Cultura científica: divulgación y comunicación de la ciencia", organizado por la Vicepresidenta Adjunta de Organización y Cultura Científica para personal del CSIC.

  3. 'Trial Exegesis': Methods for Synthesizing Clinical and Patient Reported Outcome (PRO Data in Trials to Inform Clinical Practice. A Systematic Review.

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    Angus G K McNair

    Full Text Available The CONSORT extension for patient reported outcomes (PROs aims to improve reporting, but guidance on the optimal integration with clinical data is lacking. This study examines in detail the reporting of PROs and clinical data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs in gastro-intestinal cancer to inform design and reporting of combined PRO and clinical data from trials to improve the 'take home' message for clinicians to use in practice.The case study was undertaken in gastro-intestinal cancer trials. Well-conducted RCTs reporting PROs with validated instruments were identified and categorized into those combining PRO and clinical data in a single paper, or those separating data into linked primary and supplemental papers. Qualitative methods were developed to examine reporting of the critical interpretation of the trial results (trial exegesis in the papers in relation of the PRO and clinical outcomes and applied to each publication category. Results were used to inform recommendations for practice.From 1917 screened abstracts, 49 high quality RCTs were identified reported in 36 combined and 15 linked primary and supplemental papers. In-depth analysis of manuscript text identified three categories for understanding trial exegesis: where authors reported a "detailed", "general", or absent PRO rationale and integrated interpretation of clinical and PRO results. A total of 11 (30% and 6 (16% combined papers reported "detailed" PRO rationale and integrated interpretation of results although only 2 (14% and 1 (7% primary papers achieved the same standard respectively. Supplemental papers provide better information with 11 (73% and 3 (20% achieving "detailed" rationale and integrated interpretation of results. Supplemental papers, however, were published a median of 20 months after the primary RCT data in lower impact factor journals (median 16.8 versus 5.2.It is recommended that single papers, with detailed PRO rationale and integrated PRO and

  4. Comparative genomics of the Bifidobacterium breve taxon.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bottacini, Francesca; O'Connell Motherway, Mary; Kuczynski, Justin; O'Connell, Kerry Joan; Serafini, Fausta; Duranti, Sabrina; Milani, Christian; Turroni, Francesca; Lugli, Gabriele Andrea; Zomer, Aldert; Zhurina, Daria; Riedel, Christian; Ventura, Marco; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2014-03-01

    Bifidobacteria are commonly found as part of the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of a broad range of hosts, where their presence is positively correlated with the host's health status. In this study, we assessed the genomes of thirteen representatives of Bifidobacterium breve, which is not only a frequently encountered component of the (adult and infant) human gut microbiota, but can also be isolated from human milk and vagina. In silico analysis of genome sequences from thirteen B. breve strains isolated from different environments (infant and adult faeces, human milk, human vagina) shows that the genetic variability of this species principally consists of hypothetical genes and mobile elements, but, interestingly, also genes correlated with the adaptation to host environment and gut colonization. These latter genes specify the biosynthetic machinery for sortase-dependent pili and exopolysaccharide production, as well as genes that provide protection against invasion of foreign DNA (i.e. CRISPR loci and restriction/modification systems), and genes that encode enzymes responsible for carbohydrate fermentation. Gene-trait matching analysis showed clear correlations between known metabolic capabilities and characterized genes, and it also allowed the identification of a gene cluster involved in the utilization of the alcohol-sugar sorbitol. Genome analysis of thirteen representatives of the B. breve species revealed that the deduced pan-genome exhibits an essentially close trend. For this reason our analyses suggest that this number of B. breve representatives is sufficient to fully describe the pan-genome of this species. Comparative genomics also facilitated the genetic explanation for differential carbon source utilization phenotypes previously observed in different strains of B. breve.

  5. Capability of the two microorganisms Bifidobacterium breve B632 and Bifidobacterium breve BR03 to colonize the intestinal microbiota of children.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mogna, Luca; Del Piano, Mario; Mogna, Giovanni

    2014-01-01

    The total number of bacteria present in the gut microbiota of a newborn is consistently lower than the average found in adults, with the extent of this difference being directly related to body weight and age. It could be assumed that a lower number of viable probiotic cells is necessary to achieve significant gut colonization in infants and children. This study assessed the capability of Bifidobacterium breve B632 (DSM 24706) and Bifidobacterium breve BR03 (DSM 16604), 2 strains able to significantly inhibit some gram-negative bacteria in vitro, to integrate into the intestinal microbiota of children. Ten healthy children aged an average of 5.7±2.6 were given an oily suspension containing B. breve B632 and B. breve BR03 for 21 consecutive days. The daily dose was 100 million live cells of each strain. Fecal specimens were collected and analyzed at the beginning (d0) and at the end of the study (d21). Total fecal bifidobacteria and coliforms have been quantified by microbiological plate counts. A significant increase in total fecal bifidobacteria (from 8.99 to 9.47 log10 CFU/g, P=0.042) and a parallel decrease in total coliforms (from 8.60 to 7.93 log10 CFU/g, P=0.048) was recorded after 21 days of supplementation. An oily suspension has proved an effective way of providing probiotics to children. A lower viable cells concentration was sufficient to mediate this effect in the light of the fact that the intestinal microbiota of children harbors a considerably smaller amount of total bacteria compared with adults. In addition to gut colonization in healthy children, B. breve B632 and B. breve BR03 were able to decrease total fecal coliforms, therefore supporting their potential specific use in colicky infants.

  6. Últimos trabajos sobre ladrillos huecos y perforados

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    Editorial, Equipo

    1958-10-01

    Full Text Available Not availableEn la Building Research Station se están llevando a cabo, cada día con resultados positivos más alentadores, investigaciones sobre nuevos tipos de ladrillos huecos y perforados. Es de esperar que, en breve, todos estos estudios den lugar a la aparición de unas normas para su empleo en escala industrial y, precisamente ahora, es, en Inglaterra, el momento oportuno, puesto que, actualmente, está celebrando reuniones la Sociedad Cerámica Británica. Lo que se publica en este artículo es un anticipo sobre las tendencias actuales dentro da este campo.

  7. Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve induces IL-10-producing Tr1 cells in the colon.

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    Seong Gyu Jeon

    Full Text Available Specific intestinal microbiota has been shown to induce Foxp3(+ regulatory T cell development. However, it remains unclear how development of another regulatory T cell subset, Tr1 cells, is regulated in the intestine. Here, we analyzed the role of two probiotic strains of intestinal bacteria, Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium breve in T cell development in the intestine. B. breve, but not L. casei, induced development of IL-10-producing Tr1 cells that express cMaf, IL-21, and Ahr in the large intestine. Intestinal CD103(+ dendritic cells (DCs mediated B. breve-induced development of IL-10-producing T cells. CD103(+ DCs from Il10(-/-, Tlr2(-/-, and Myd88(-/- mice showed defective B. breve-induced Tr1 cell development. B. breve-treated CD103(+ DCs failed to induce IL-10 production from co-cultured Il27ra(-/- T cells. B. breve treatment of Tlr2(-/- mice did not increase IL-10-producing T cells in the colonic lamina propria. Thus, B. breve activates intestinal CD103(+ DCs to produce IL-10 and IL-27 via the TLR2/MyD88 pathway thereby inducing IL-10-producing Tr1 cells in the large intestine. Oral B. breve administration ameliorated colitis in immunocompromised mice given naïve CD4(+ T cells from wild-type mice, but not Il10(-/- mice. These findings demonstrate that B. breve prevents intestinal inflammation through the induction of intestinal IL-10-producing Tr1 cells.

  8. Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve induces IL-10-producing Tr1 cells in the colon.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jeon, Seong Gyu; Kayama, Hisako; Ueda, Yoshiyasu; Takahashi, Takuya; Asahara, Takashi; Tsuji, Hirokazu; Tsuji, Noriko M; Kiyono, Hiroshi; Ma, Ji Su; Kusu, Takashi; Okumura, Ryu; Hara, Hiromitsu; Yoshida, Hiroki; Yamamoto, Masahiro; Nomoto, Koji; Takeda, Kiyoshi

    2012-01-01

    Specific intestinal microbiota has been shown to induce Foxp3(+) regulatory T cell development. However, it remains unclear how development of another regulatory T cell subset, Tr1 cells, is regulated in the intestine. Here, we analyzed the role of two probiotic strains of intestinal bacteria, Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium breve in T cell development in the intestine. B. breve, but not L. casei, induced development of IL-10-producing Tr1 cells that express cMaf, IL-21, and Ahr in the large intestine. Intestinal CD103(+) dendritic cells (DCs) mediated B. breve-induced development of IL-10-producing T cells. CD103(+) DCs from Il10(-/-), Tlr2(-/-), and Myd88(-/-) mice showed defective B. breve-induced Tr1 cell development. B. breve-treated CD103(+) DCs failed to induce IL-10 production from co-cultured Il27ra(-/-) T cells. B. breve treatment of Tlr2(-/-) mice did not increase IL-10-producing T cells in the colonic lamina propria. Thus, B. breve activates intestinal CD103(+) DCs to produce IL-10 and IL-27 via the TLR2/MyD88 pathway thereby inducing IL-10-producing Tr1 cells in the large intestine. Oral B. breve administration ameliorated colitis in immunocompromised mice given naïve CD4(+) T cells from wild-type mice, but not Il10(-/-) mice. These findings demonstrate that B. breve prevents intestinal inflammation through the induction of intestinal IL-10-producing Tr1 cells.

  9. Cellodextrin Utilization by Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003▿ †

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pokusaeva, Karina; O'Connell-Motherway, Mary; Zomer, Aldert; MacSharry, John; Fitzgerald, Gerald F.; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2011-01-01

    Cellodextrins, the incomplete hydrolysis products from insoluble cellulose, are accessible as a carbon source to certain members of the human gut microbiota, such as Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. Transcription of the cldEFGC gene cluster of B. breve UCC2003 was shown to be induced upon growth on cellodextrins, implicating this cluster in the metabolism of these sugars. Phenotypic analysis of a B. breve UCC2003::cldE insertion mutant confirmed that the cld gene cluster is exclusively required for cellodextrin utilization by this commensal. Moreover, our results suggest that transcription of the cld cluster is controlled by a LacI-type regulator encoded by cldR, located immediately upstream of cldE. Gel mobility shift assays using purified CldRHis (produced by the incorporation of a His12-encoding sequence into the 3′ end of the cldC gene) indicate that the cldEFGC promoter is subject to negative control by CldRHis, which binds to two inverted repeats. Analysis by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) of medium samples obtained during growth of B. breve UCC2003 on a mixture of cellodextrins revealed its ability to utilize cellobiose, cellotriose, cellotetraose, and cellopentaose, with cellotriose apparently representing the preferred substrate. The cldC gene of the cld operon of B. breve UCC2003 is, to the best of our knowledge, the first described bifidobacterial β-glucosidase exhibiting hydrolytic activity toward various cellodextrins. PMID:21216899

  10. Discovery of a Conjugative Megaplasmid in Bifidobacterium breve

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bottacini, Francesca; O'Connell Motherway, Mary; Casey, Eoghan; McDonnell, Brian; Mahony, Jennifer; Ventura, Marco

    2014-01-01

    Bifidobacterium breve is a common and sometimes very abundant inhabitant of the human gut. Genome sequencing of B. breve JCM 7017 revealed the presence of an extrachromosomal element, designated pMP7017 consisting of >190 kb, thus representing the first reported bifidobacterial megaplasmid. In silico characterization of this element revealed several genomic features supporting a stable establishment of the megaplasmid in its host, illustrated by predicted CRISPR-Cas functions that are known to protect the host against intrusion of foreign DNA. Interestingly, pMP7017 is also predicted to encode a conjugative DNA transfer apparatus and, consistent with this notion, we demonstrate here the conjugal transfer of pMP7017 to representative strains of B. breve and B. longum subsp. longum. We also demonstrate the presence of a megaplasmid with homology to pMP7017 in three B. longum subsp. longum strains. PMID:25326305

  11. Glycosulfatase-Encoding Gene Cluster in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Egan, Muireann; Jiang, Hao; O'Connell Motherway, Mary; Oscarson, Stefan; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2016-11-15

    Bifidobacteria constitute a specific group of commensal bacteria typically found in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of humans and other mammals. Bifidobacterium breve strains are numerically prevalent among the gut microbiota of many healthy breastfed infants. In the present study, we investigated glycosulfatase activity in a bacterial isolate from a nursling stool sample, B. breve UCC2003. Two putative sulfatases were identified on the genome of B. breve UCC2003. The sulfated monosaccharide N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfate (GlcNAc-6-S) was shown to support the growth of B. breve UCC2003, while N-acetylglucosamine-3-sulfate, N-acetylgalactosamine-3-sulfate, and N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate did not support appreciable growth. By using a combination of transcriptomic and functional genomic approaches, a gene cluster designated ats2 was shown to be specifically required for GlcNAc-6-S metabolism. Transcription of the ats2 cluster is regulated by a repressor open reading frame kinase (ROK) family transcriptional repressor. This study represents the first description of glycosulfatase activity within the Bifidobacterium genus. Bifidobacteria are saccharolytic organisms naturally found in the digestive tract of mammals and insects. Bifidobacterium breve strains utilize a variety of plant- and host-derived carbohydrates that allow them to be present as prominent members of the infant gut microbiota as well as being present in the gastrointestinal tract of adults. In this study, we introduce a previously unexplored area of carbohydrate metabolism in bifidobacteria, namely, the metabolism of sulfated carbohydrates. B. breve UCC2003 was shown to metabolize N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfate (GlcNAc-6-S) through one of two sulfatase-encoding gene clusters identified on its genome. GlcNAc-6-S can be found in terminal or branched positions of mucin oligosaccharides, the glycoprotein component of the mucous layer that covers the digestive tract. The results of this study provide

  12. ¿Los Mejores Perfumes Vienen en Envases Pequeños?: Potencial de las Intervenciones Breves en el Contexto Educativo/ The Best Perfumes Come in Small Packages? The Potential of Brief Interventions in the Educational Context/ São nos Menores Frascos que se Encontram os Melhores Perfumes? Potencial das Intervenções Breves no Contexto Educativo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    MADELEINE BARRERA

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available Recientemente se han desarrollado intervenciones escolares breves basadas en teorías motivacionales y de psicología social. Estas intervenciones, algunas de solamente 15 minutos, han obtenido resultados positivos a largo plazo sobre dominios como el desempeño académico y la convivencia escolar. Este artículo hace una revisión de sus objetivos, características, fundamentos teóricos, evaluaciones y condiciones necesarias para su diseño e implementación. En general, el objetivo de estas intervenciones breves es transformar creencias, pensamientos o sentimientos de un segmento particular de la población estudiantil, considerado en riesgo. Además, buscan romper círculos viciosos al intervenir en momentos específicos de procesos recursivos. Finalmente, esta revisión analiza sus alcances, implicaciones y limitaciones, y sugiere futuras investigaciones.

  13. Discovery of a conjugative megaplasmid in Bifidobacterium breve.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bottacini, Francesca; O'Connell Motherway, Mary; Casey, Eoghan; McDonnell, Brian; Mahony, Jennifer; Ventura, Marco; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2015-01-01

    Bifidobacterium breve is a common and sometimes very abundant inhabitant of the human gut. Genome sequencing of B. breve JCM 7017 revealed the presence of an extrachromosomal element, designated pMP7017 consisting of >190 kb, thus representing the first reported bifidobacterial megaplasmid. In silico characterization of this element revealed several genomic features supporting a stable establishment of the megaplasmid in its host, illustrated by predicted CRISPR-Cas functions that are known to protect the host against intrusion of foreign DNA. Interestingly, pMP7017 is also predicted to encode a conjugative DNA transfer apparatus and, consistent with this notion, we demonstrate here the conjugal transfer of pMP7017 to representative strains of B. breve and B. longum subsp. longum. We also demonstrate the presence of a megaplasmid with homology to pMP7017 in three B. longum subsp. longum strains. Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

  14. Transposon mutagenesis in Bifidobacterium breve: construction and characterization of a Tn5 transposon mutant library for Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ruiz, Lorena; Motherway, Mary O'Connell; Lanigan, Noreen; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2013-01-01

    Bifidobacteria are claimed to contribute positively to human health through a range of beneficial or probiotic activities, including amelioration of gastrointestinal and metabolic disorders, and therefore this particular group of gastrointestinal commensals has enjoyed increasing industrial and scientific attention in recent years. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these probiotic mechanisms are still largely unknown, mainly due to the fact that molecular tools for bifidobacteria are rather poorly developed, with many strains lacking genetic accessibility. In this work, we describe the generation of transposon insertion mutants in two bifidobacterial strains, B. breve UCC2003 and B. breve NCFB2258. We also report the creation of the first transposon mutant library in a bifidobacterial strain, employing B. breve UCC2003 and a Tn5-based transposome strategy. The library was found to be composed of clones containing single transposon insertions which appear to be randomly distributed along the genome. The usefulness of the library to perform phenotypic screenings was confirmed through identification and analysis of mutants defective in D-galactose, D-lactose or pullulan utilization abilities.

  15. Transposon mutagenesis in Bifidobacterium breve: construction and characterization of a Tn5 transposon mutant library for Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lorena Ruiz

    Full Text Available Bifidobacteria are claimed to contribute positively to human health through a range of beneficial or probiotic activities, including amelioration of gastrointestinal and metabolic disorders, and therefore this particular group of gastrointestinal commensals has enjoyed increasing industrial and scientific attention in recent years. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these probiotic mechanisms are still largely unknown, mainly due to the fact that molecular tools for bifidobacteria are rather poorly developed, with many strains lacking genetic accessibility. In this work, we describe the generation of transposon insertion mutants in two bifidobacterial strains, B. breve UCC2003 and B. breve NCFB2258. We also report the creation of the first transposon mutant library in a bifidobacterial strain, employing B. breve UCC2003 and a Tn5-based transposome strategy. The library was found to be composed of clones containing single transposon insertions which appear to be randomly distributed along the genome. The usefulness of the library to perform phenotypic screenings was confirmed through identification and analysis of mutants defective in D-galactose, D-lactose or pullulan utilization abilities.

  16. Impacto de una intervención breve basada en mindfulness en niños: Un estudio piloto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos García Rubio

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available En la última década el interés por los efectos de la práctica de mindfulness ha sido exponencial. Sin embargo, todavía es escasa la investigación sobre sus efectos en el contexto escolar. Este estudio piloto examinó la efectividad de una intervención breve basada en mindfulness en estudiantes de primaria. Se diseñó un estudio pre-post aleatorizado a nivel de clase con un grupo control. Se investigaron sus efectos sobre distintos síntomas internalizantes y externalizantes, las habilidades de mindfulness y el rendimiento académico. El grupo de mindfulness comparado con el grupo de control disminuyó sus puntuaciones en problemas de conducta, aumentó en relajación y mostró una mejora en sus relaciones sociales. Su rendimiento académico se mantuvo, mientras en el grupo control descendió. Se discuten posibles explicaciones y líneas futuras de investigación.

  17. Differences in acid tolerance between Bifidobacterium breve BB8 and its acid-resistant derivative B. breve BB8dpH, revealed by RNA-sequencing and physiological analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Xu; Hang, Xiaomin; Tan, Jing; Yang, Hong

    2015-06-01

    Bifidobacteria are common inhabitants of the human gastrointestinal tract, and their application has increased dramatically in recent years due to their health-promoting effects. The ability of bifidobacteria to tolerate acidic environments is particularly important for their function as probiotics because they encounter such environments in food products and during passage through the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, we generated a derivative, Bifidobacterium breve BB8dpH, which displayed a stable, acid-resistant phenotype. To investigate the possible reasons for the higher acid tolerance of B. breve BB8dpH, as compared with its parental strain B. breve BB8, a combined transcriptome and physiological approach was used to characterize differences between the two strains. An analysis of the transcriptome by RNA-sequencing indicated that the expression of 121 genes was increased by more than 2-fold, while the expression of 146 genes was reduced more than 2-fold, in B. breve BB8dpH. Validation of the RNA-sequencing data using real-time quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated that the RNA-sequencing results were highly reliable. The comparison analysis, based on differentially expressed genes, suggested that the acid tolerance of B. breve BB8dpH was enhanced by regulating the expression of genes involved in carbohydrate transport and metabolism, energy production, synthesis of cell envelope components (peptidoglycan and exopolysaccharide), synthesis and transport of glutamate and glutamine, and histidine synthesis. Furthermore, an analysis of physiological data showed that B. breve BB8dpH displayed higher production of exopolysaccharide and lower H(+)-ATPase activity than B. breve BB8. The results presented here will improve our understanding of acid tolerance in bifidobacteria, and they will lead to the development of new strategies to enhance the acid tolerance of bifidobacterial strains. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  18. Voz sobre frame relay

    OpenAIRE

    D´Elia, Gabriel Anibal

    2000-01-01

    Esta tesis trata el tema de VOFR, desde la digitalización de la voz hasta su transmisión a través de dicha red, así también como la comparación con otros medios de transporte como VOIP. Dada las características del protocolo frame relay y su disponibilidad se eligió como el medio más apropiado para la transmisión de voz y datos en forma integrada sobre una misma red. El trabajo comienza con una breve explicación de la voz, su digitalización y forma actual de transmisión a través de una red di...

  19. Algumas considerações sobre a sociologia de Alfred Schutz

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Márcio Nicory Costa Souza

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1806-5023.2012v9n1p1 O presente artigo apresenta algumas considerações sobre a perspectiva sociológica de Alfred Schutz. Para tal, tecemos breves considerações sobre a fenomenologia, em especial a partir das contribuições de Husserl. Trata-se, portanto, de um esforço para o entendimento de sua importância para as Ciências Sociais. Primeiramente, apresentamos as influências constitutivas do pensamento de Schutz, bem como suas principais ferramentas analíticas. Em seguida, pensando no “fazer ciência”, procedemos para reflexões analíticas da proposta de uma Sociologia Interpretativa.

  20. Psicoterapia breve pais-bebê: revisando a literatura Short-term parent-infant psychotherapy: a review of the literature

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Carlos Prado

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta uma revisão da literatura a respeito da psicoterapia breve pais-bebê. Inicialmente são apresentados aspectos históricos, desde o surgimento da psicoterapia breve, passando pelas formulações teóricas que enfatizaram a importância das relações iniciais pais-bebê até a constituição do campo da psicoterapia breve pais-bebê propriamente dita. Constata-se que várias abordagens compõem o panorama atual das psicoterapias pais-bebê, as quais apresentam uma ampla diversidade de referenciais teóricos e técnicos. Foram também revisados, em particular, estudos empíricos sobre a utilização dessa abordagem no contexto da depressão materna. Por fim, apresentam-se os procedimentos utilizados pelos autores deste artigo em uma pesquisa em andamento envolvendo o atendimento psicoterápico breve pais-bebê em famílias com mães deprimidas. Essa abordagem tem se mostrado efetiva na promoção de um melhor relacionamento mãe-pai-bebê na presença sintomas depressivos da mãe.This article presents a review of the literature on short-term parent-infant psychotherapy. Initially, some historical aspects are presented since the emergence of short-term psychotherapy, including the theoretical formulations that highlighted the importance of early parent-infant relationships and helped to implement the field of short-term parent-infant psychotherapy. There are several approaches to parent-infant psychotherapy, representing a broad diversity of theoretical and technical frameworks. Empirical studies were also reviewed, especially those using parent-infant psychotherapy in the context of maternal depression. Finally, the authors' experience with short-term parent-infant psychotherapy involving families with depressive mothers was presented. This approach has shown to be effective in the promotion of better mother-father-infant relationship in the presence of maternal depressive symptoms.

  1. Breves considerações sobre o "Conceito de ironia em Soren Kierkegaard".

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jacqueline Oliveira Leão

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available Resumo: Este ensaio intenta discutir sobre o conceito de ironia em Søren Kierkegaard. Além disso, objetiva demonstrar a relação entre pensamento e palavra, proposição e significado. Palavras-chave: Ironia. Kierkegaard. Subjetividade.

  2. [Toxic effects of nano-TiO2 on Gymnodinium breve].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Feng-Min; Zhao, Wei; Li, Yuan-Yuan; Tian, Zhi-Jia; Wang, Zhen-Yu

    2012-01-01

    In order to reveal the toxicity and mechanism of nano-TiO2 on algae, the inhibition effect, enzyme activity, oxygen free radicals of nano-TiO2 on the growth of G. breve were investigated. The results showed that G. breve was inhibited by nano-TiO2, and the 72 h-EC50 was 9.7 mg x L(-1). With the increasing concentration of nano-titanium dioxide, the activities of SOD decrease significantly (P TiO2 suspension while that was 1.1 U x mL(-1) in control after 48 h. Through the study of 20 mg x L(-1) nano-titanium dioxide on G. breve at different times, the activities of SOD and CAT, the content of MDA are consistent, which the highest values is achieved at the exposure time of 12 hours and the lowest value is found at the exposure time of 48 hours. The content of hydroxyl radical increased significantly at the exposure time of 48 hours. The activity of SOD was 0.14 U x (10(7) cell x min)(-1) in G. breve at 12 h which was ten times higher than that at 48 h.

  3. Crianças negras na história: Fontes e discursos sobre a breve infância permitida pelo escravismo oitocentista brasileiro

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ione da Silva Jovino

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available The article presents part of historical research on children, childhood and race in the 19th century iconography. The main aim of the article is to discuss how children and black childhood were represented in a number of pictorial materials. Focusing on childhood history and its interfaces with Brazilian slavery history, the article presents a brief introduction about the sources and the research field. The analysis aims to show traces of black childhood in the 19th century, from travel literature to memory journals. Some aspects of children’s life, such as play and education point out that, even in a limited and restricted way, it was possible to demonstrate that children experienced childhood moments; it was also possible to envision their form of resistance to adult impositions. Some reflections about education are exposed before discussing the relation between childhood and work and the presentation of children´s perceptions of slavery, collected from literary texts. The final considerations are based on the analysis of a short story written at the beginning of the 20th century, which still presents traces of slavery by showing an enslaved black child, despite out of formal slavery. Despite the harshness of slavery, the article considers the possibility of a playful childhood, which is mediating, playful, challenging, made up of few moments of satisfaction among toys, games, pranks and transgressions. O artigo apresenta recortes de uma pesquisa histórica sobre criança, infância e raça na iconografia do século XIX, sendo a discussão sobre a maneira como eram representadas crianças e infâncias negras em diversos materiais imagéticos o objetivo principal. Com olhar centrado na história da infância e suas interfaces com a da escravidão no Brasil, o texto começa por apresentar breve introdução sobre as fontes e campos utilizados na pesquisa. A análise busca evidenciar vestígios da infância negra no século XIX, iniciando com

  4. Corporate religion og Paulus' breve

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nielsen, Jesper Tang

    2007-01-01

    , analyseres grundigt. Af undersøgelsen fremgår det, at Kundes opfattelse af religion svarer til Clifford Geertz’ klassiske kulturantropologiske religionsdefinition. Ydermere fremdrages en række paralleller til Paulus’ breve, der godtgør, at Kundes forståelse og brug af religiøse forestillinger kan ses som en...

  5. Complete genome sequence of Bifidobacterium breve CECT 7263, a strain isolated from human milk.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiménez, Esther; Villar-Tajadura, M Antonia; Marín, María; Fontecha, Javier; Requena, Teresa; Arroyo, Rebeca; Fernández, Leónides; Rodríguez, Juan M

    2012-07-01

    Bifidobacterium breve is an actinobacterium frequently isolated from colonic microbiota of breastfeeding babies. Here, we report the complete and annotated genome sequence of a B. breve strain isolated from human milk, B. breve CECT 7263. The genome sequence will provide new insights into the biology of this potential probiotic organism and will allow the characterization of genes related to beneficial properties.

  6. Bifidobacterium breve attenuates murine dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis and increases regulatory T cell responses.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zheng, Bin; van Bergenhenegouwen, Jeroen; Overbeek, Saskia; van de Kant, Hendrik J G; Garssen, Johan; Folkerts, Gert; Vos, Paul; Morgan, Mary E; Kraneveld, Aletta D

    2014-01-01

    While some probiotics have shown beneficial effects on preventing or treating colitis development, others have shown no effects. In this study, we have assessed the immunomodulating effects of two probiotic strains, Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus) and Bifidobacterium breve (B. breve) on T cell polarization in vitro, using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and in vivo, using murine dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis model. With respect to the latter, the mRNA expression of T cell subset-associated transcription factors and cytokines in the colon was measured and the T helper type (Th) 17 and regulatory T cell (Treg) subsets were determined in the Peyer's patches. Both L. rhamnosus and B. breve incubations in vitro reduced Th17 and increased Th2 cell subsets in human PBMCs. In addition, B. breve incubation was also able to reduce Th1 and increase Treg cell subsets in contrast to L. rhamnosus. In vivo intervention with B. breve, but not L. rhamnosus, significantly attenuated the severity of DSS-induced colitis. In DSS-treated C57BL/6 mice, intervention with B. breve increased the expression of mRNA encoding for Th2- and Treg-associated cytokines in the distal colon. In addition, intervention with B. breve led to increases of Treg and decreases of Th17 cell subsets in Peyer's patches of DSS-treated mice. B. breve modulates T cell polarization towards Th2 and Treg cell-associated responses in vitro and in vivo. In vivo B. breve intervention ameliorates DSS-induced colitis symptoms and this protective effect may mediated by its effects on the T-cell composition.

  7. Bifidobacterium breve attenuates murine dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis and increases regulatory T cell responses.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bin Zheng

    Full Text Available While some probiotics have shown beneficial effects on preventing or treating colitis development, others have shown no effects. In this study, we have assessed the immunomodulating effects of two probiotic strains, Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium breve (B. breve on T cell polarization in vitro, using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC, and in vivo, using murine dextran sodium sulfate (DSS colitis model. With respect to the latter, the mRNA expression of T cell subset-associated transcription factors and cytokines in the colon was measured and the T helper type (Th 17 and regulatory T cell (Treg subsets were determined in the Peyer's patches. Both L. rhamnosus and B. breve incubations in vitro reduced Th17 and increased Th2 cell subsets in human PBMCs. In addition, B. breve incubation was also able to reduce Th1 and increase Treg cell subsets in contrast to L. rhamnosus. In vivo intervention with B. breve, but not L. rhamnosus, significantly attenuated the severity of DSS-induced colitis. In DSS-treated C57BL/6 mice, intervention with B. breve increased the expression of mRNA encoding for Th2- and Treg-associated cytokines in the distal colon. In addition, intervention with B. breve led to increases of Treg and decreases of Th17 cell subsets in Peyer's patches of DSS-treated mice. B. breve modulates T cell polarization towards Th2 and Treg cell-associated responses in vitro and in vivo. In vivo B. breve intervention ameliorates DSS-induced colitis symptoms and this protective effect may mediated by its effects on the T-cell composition.

  8. Modulation of Rat Cecal Microbiota by Administration of Raffinose and Encapsulated Bifidobacterium breve

    OpenAIRE

    Dinoto, Achmad; Suksomcheep, Akarat; Ishizuka, Satoshi; Kimura, Hanae; Hanada, Satoshi; Kamagata, Yoichi; Asano, Kozo; Tomita, Fusao; Yokota, Atsushi

    2006-01-01

    To investigate the effects of administration of raffinose and encapsulated Bifidobacterium breve JCM 1192T cells on the rat cecal microbiota, in a preclinical synbiotic study groups of male WKAH/Hkm Slc rats were fed for 3 weeks with four different test diets: basal diet (group BD), basal diet supplemented with raffinose (group RAF), basal diet supplemented with encapsulated B. breve (group CB), and basal diet supplemented with both raffinose and encapsulated B. breve (group RCB). The bacteri...

  9. Bifidobacterium breve prevents necrotising enterocolitis by suppressing inflammatory responses in a preterm rat model.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Satoh, T; Izumi, H; Iwabuchi, N; Odamaki, T; Namba, K; Abe, F; Xiao, J Z

    2016-02-01

    Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is associated with inflammatory responses and barrier dysfunction in the gut. In this study, we investigated the effect of Bifidobacterium breve M-16V on factors related to NEC development using an experimental rat model. Caesarean-sectioned rats were given formula milk with or without B. breve M-16V by oral gavage thrice daily, and experimental NEC was induced by exposing the rats to hypoxic conditions. Naturally delivered rats that were reared by their mother were used as healthy controls. The pathological score of NEC and the expression of molecules related to inflammatory responses and the barrier function were assessed in the ileum. B. breve M-16V reduced the pathological scores of NEC and resulted in some improvement in survivability. B. breve M-16V suppressed the increased expression of molecules related to inflammation and barrier function that resulted from NEC induction. B. breve M-16V normalised Toll-like receptor (TRL)4 expression and enhanced TLR2 expression. Our data suggest that B. breve M-16V prevents NEC development by modulating TLR expressions and suppressing inflammatory responses in a rat model.

  10. Complete genome sequence of Bifidobacterium breve CECT 7263, a strain isolated from human milk

    OpenAIRE

    Jiménez, Esther; Villar-Tajadura, M. Antonia; Marín, María; Fontecha, F. Javier; Requena, Teresa; Arroyo, Rebeca; Fernández, Leónides; Rodríguez, Juan M.

    2012-01-01

    Bifidobacterium breve is an actinobacterium frequently isolated from colonic microbiota of breastfeeding babies. Here, we report the complete and annotated genome sequence of a B. breve strain isolated from human milk, B. breve CECT 7263. The genome sequence will provide new insights into the biology of this potential probiotic organism and will allow the characterization of genes related to beneficial properties. © 2012, American Society for Microbiology.

  11. VARIABLE BREVETOXIN PRODUCTION IN GYMNODINIUM BREVE ATTRIBUTABLE TO GROWTH CONDITIONS AND STRAIN DIFFERENCES

    Science.gov (United States)

    Blooms of the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium breve can produce sufficient concentrations of brevetoxin to negatively impact coastal ecosystems, human health, and local economies. Assessment of risks associated with G. breve blooms and subsequent brevetoxin exposure requires better u...

  12. Immune effects of the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ezendam J; van Loveren H; TOX

    2007-01-01

    Bifidobacterium breve, een probiotische bacterie, heeft gunstige effecten op zowel allergieen als autoimmuniteit - een afweerreactie op lichaamseigen bestanddelen - bij proefdieren. Probiotica worden in reclameboodschappen ook wel 'goede bacterien' genoemd. Fabrikanten claimen een positief effect

  13. La terapia breve: una alternativa de intervención psicológica efectiva

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nohelia Hewitt Ramírez

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es describir y estructurar los orígenes, bases teóricas y los procedimientos de la terapia breve desde la perspectiva terapéutica cognitivo conductual. Se inicia con la identificación de las bases teóricas de la terapia breve, principalmente las teorías motivacionales relacionadas con la disponibilidad al cambio y la autoeficacia desde la teoría social cognitiva. Se realiza un paralelo entre las características principales de la terapia breve en contraposición con las terapias tradicionales. Por último, se propone una estructura procedimental general de estrategias clínicas a emplear en la terapia breve con soporte empírico, la cual puede ser utilizada en diferentes problemáticas con variaciones específicas de acuerdo con el problema tratado o las características específicas del consultante.

  14. Immune effects of the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ezendam J; Loveren H van; TOX

    2007-01-01

    Bifidobacterium breve, a probiotic, has beneficial effects on both allergy and autoimmunity - an immune reaction against the body's own constituents -in experimental animals. Probiotics are called 'friendly bacteria' in advertisements, in which manufacturers claim their beneficial effects on gut

  15. La terapia breve: una alternativa de intervención psicológica efectiva

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Andrés Gantiva Díaz

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es describir y estructurar los orígenes, bases teóricas y los procedimientos de la terapia breve desde la perspectiva terapéutica cognitivo conductual. Se inicia con la identifi cación de las bases teóricas de la terapia breve, principalmente las teorías motivacionales relacionadas con la disponibilidad al cambio y la autoefi cacia desde la teoría social cognitiva. Se realiza un paralelo entre las características principales de la terapia breve en contraposición con las terapias tradicionales. Por último, se propone una estructura procedimental general de estrategias clínicas a emplear en la terapia breve con soporte empírico, la cual puede ser utilizada en diferentes problemáticas con variaciones específi cas de acuerdo con el problema tratado o las características específi cas del consultante

  16. Bifidobacterium breve - HT-29 cell line interaction: modulation of TNF-α induced gene expression.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Boesten, R J; Schuren, F H J; Willemsen, L E M; Vriesema, A; Knol, J; De Vos, W M

    2011-06-01

    To provide insight in the molecular basis for intestinal host-microbe interactions, we determined the genome-wide transcriptional response of human intestinal epithelial cells following exposure to cells of Bifidobacterium breve. To select an appropriate test system reflecting inflammatory conditions, the responsiveness to TNF-α was compared in T84, Caco-2 and HT-29 cells. The highest TNF-α response was observed in HT-29 cells and this cell line was selected for exposure to the B. breve strains M-16V, NR246 and UCC2003. After one hour of bacterial pre-incubation followed by two hours of additional TNF-α stimulation, B. breve M-16V (86%), but to a much lesser extent strains NR246 (50%) or UCC2003 (32%), showed a strain-specific reduction of the HT-29 transcriptional response to the inflammatory treatment. The most important functional groups of genes that were transcriptionally suppressed by the presence of B. breve M-16V, were found to be involved in immune regulation and apoptotic processes. About 54% of the TNF-α induced genes were solely suppressed by the presence of B. breve M-16V. These included apoptosis-related cysteine protease caspase 7 (CASP7), interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), amyloid beta (A4) precursor proteinbinding family A member 1 (APBA1), NADPH oxidase (NOX5), and leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR). The extracellular IL-8 concentration was determined by an immunological assay but did not change significantly, indicating that B. breve M-16V only partially modulates the TNF-α pathway. In conclusion, this study shows that B. breve strains modulate gene expression in HT-29 cells under inflammatory conditions in a strain-specific way.

  17. Effects of Bifidobacterium Breve Feeding Strategy and Delivery Modes on Experimental Allergic Rhinitis Mice.

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    Jian-jun Ren

    Full Text Available Different delivery modes may affect the susceptibility to allergic diseases. It is still unknown whether early intervention with probiotics would counteract this effect.The effect of different delivery modes on immune status and nasal symptoms was investigated on established allergic rhinitis (AR mouse model. In addition, the immunoregulatory effects and mechanisms of different feeding manners with Bifidobacterium breve(B. breve were examined.Live lyophilized B. breve was orally administered to BALB/c mice born via vaginal delivery(VD or cesarean delivery (CD for 8 consecutive weeks, after which they were sensitized by ovalbumin(OVA to establish experimental AR. Nasal symptoms, serum immunoglobulins, cytokines, splenic percentages of CD4(+CD25(+Foxp3(+ regulatory T(Treg cells and nasal eosinophil infiltration were evaluated.Compared with VD mice, mice delivered via CD demonstrated more serious nasal symptoms, higher concentrations of OVA-specific immunoglobulin (Ig E, more nasal eosinophils and lower percentages of splenic CD4(+CD25(+Foxp3(+Treg cells after establishing experimental AR. These parameters were reversed by administering B. breves hortly after birth. However, the effect of B. breve did not differ between different delivery modes.CD aggravates the nasal symptoms of AR mice compared to VD. This is the first report that oral administration of B. breve shortly after birth can significantly alleviate the symptoms of AR mice born via both deliveries, probably via activation of the regulatory capacity of CD4(+CD25(+Foxp3(+Treg cells.

  18. Effects of Bifidobacterium Breve Feeding Strategy and Delivery Modes on Experimental Allergic Rhinitis Mice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ren, Jian-jun; Yu, Zhao; Yang, Feng-Ling; Lv, Dan; Hung, Shi; Zhang, Jie; Lin, Ping; Liu, Shi-Xi; Zhang, Nan; Bachert, Claus

    2015-01-01

    Different delivery modes may affect the susceptibility to allergic diseases. It is still unknown whether early intervention with probiotics would counteract this effect. The effect of different delivery modes on immune status and nasal symptoms was investigated on established allergic rhinitis (AR) mouse model. In addition, the immunoregulatory effects and mechanisms of different feeding manners with Bifidobacterium breve(B. breve) were examined. Live lyophilized B. breve was orally administered to BALB/c mice born via vaginal delivery(VD) or cesarean delivery (CD) for 8 consecutive weeks, after which they were sensitized by ovalbumin(OVA) to establish experimental AR. Nasal symptoms, serum immunoglobulins, cytokines, splenic percentages of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T(Treg) cells and nasal eosinophil infiltration were evaluated. Compared with VD mice, mice delivered via CD demonstrated more serious nasal symptoms, higher concentrations of OVA-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E, more nasal eosinophils and lower percentages of splenic CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)Treg cells after establishing experimental AR. These parameters were reversed by administering B. breves hortly after birth. However, the effect of B. breve did not differ between different delivery modes. CD aggravates the nasal symptoms of AR mice compared to VD. This is the first report that oral administration of B. breve shortly after birth can significantly alleviate the symptoms of AR mice born via both deliveries, probably via activation of the regulatory capacity of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)Treg cells.

  19. HIGH BREVETOXIN CONCENTRATIONS IN GYMNODINIUM BREVE BLOOMS ALONG THE NORTHWEST FLORIDA COAST DURING 1999.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Blooms of the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium breve (i.e. red tides) produce brevetoxins (PbTx) that negatively impact the Gulf of Mexico ecosystem, human health, and local economics. Characterizing and predicting bloom events and their impacts requires knowledge of G. breve abundance...

  20. Synbiotic promotion of epithelial proliferation by orally ingested encapsulated Bifidobacterium breve and raffinose in the small intestine of rats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ishizuka, Satoshi; Iwama, Ami; Dinoto, Achmad; Suksomcheep, Akarat; Maeta, Kohshi; Kasai, Takanori; Hara, Hiroshi; Yokota, Atsushi

    2009-05-01

    We evaluated the effects of Bifidobacterium breve JCM1192(T )and/or raffinose on epithelial proliferation in the rat small and large intestines. WKAH/Hkm Slc rats (4 wk old) were fed a control diet, a diet supplemented with either encapsulated B. breve (30 g/kg diet, 1.5 x 10(7) colony-forming unit/g capsule) or raffinose (30 g/kg diet), or a diet supplemented with both encapsulated B. breve and raffinose, for 3 wk. Epithelial proliferation in the small intestine, as assessed by bromodeoxyuridine immunohistochemistry, was increased only in the B. breve plus raffinose-fed group. We determined the number of bifidobacteria in cecal contents using fluorescence in situ hybridization and confirmed the presence of ingested B. breve only in the B. breve plus raffinose-fed group. This suggests that the ingested B. breve cells used raffinose and were activated in the small intestine, where they subsequently influenced epithelial proliferation. In conclusion, we found a prominent synbiotic effect of encapsulated B. breve in combination with raffinose on epithelial proliferation in rat small intestine but not in large intestine. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a synbiotic that affects epithelial proliferation.

  1. El acero que nunca se fundió. Una reseña sobre Stalin

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    Iñaki Oneca Agurruza

    2004-02-01

    Full Text Available Era el 5 de marzo de 1953 cuando murió el fetiche, el gurú, el símbolo. Stalin significa “acero”, y precisamente una de las cosas que se reprochó al joven revolucionario, tras la adopción de este apodo, era que el acero era duro pero también frío. Así iniciamos esta breve nota sobre la figura de uno de los personajes clave del siglo XX.

  2. Brazilian soap opera and cultural industry: a brief essay about Reynaldo Gianecchini's character in Sete Pecados Telenovela Brasileira e indústria cultural: um breve ensaio sobre o personagem de Reynaldo Gianecchini em Sete Pecados

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    Márcio Ferreira Rodrigues Pereira

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available The soap opera, first made in Brazil in 1951, became famous throughout time as one of the most important cultural products of our country’s television. With the analysis of a chosen case, the character “Dante” played by the actor Reynaldo Gianecchini in the Rede Globo soap opera “Sete Pecados” (2007 – 2008, supported by some theory of the mass culture, we try to launch a critical look over this powerful cultural product. But, before, with the intention of offering view of the current Brazilian TV drama, a brief history of the beginning, developing and narrative of the soap opera is presented. Keywords: Theories of mass culture. Cultural industry. Brazilian soap opera. A telenovela, surgida no Brasil em 1951, consagrou-se ao longo do tempo como um dos produtos culturais mais importantes da televisão nacional. Através da análise de um caso escolhido, o personagem “Dante”, interpretado pelo ator Reynaldo Gianecchini, da telenovela da Rede Globo Sete pecados (2007 – 2008, busca-se, com apoio em alguns teóricos da cultura de massa, lançar um olhar crítico sobre este poderoso produto cultural. Antes, porém, com o fi to de oferecer um panorama da teledramaturgia brasileira atual, apresenta-se um breve histórico sobre o surgimento, o desenvolvimento e a narrativa da telenovela. Palavras-chave: Teorias da cultura de massa. Indústria cultural. Telenovela brasileira.

  3. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Lactobacillus Rahmnosus and Bifidobacterium Breve on Cigarette Smoke Activated Human Macrophages.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mortaz, Esmaeil; Adcock, Ian M; Ricciardolo, Fabio L M; Varahram, Mohammad; Jamaati, Hamidreza; Velayati, Ali Akbar; Folkerts, Gert; Garssen, Johan

    2015-01-01

    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global health problem with cigarette smoke (CS) as the main risk factor for its development. Airway inflammation in COPD involves the increased expression of inflammatory mediators such as CXCL-8 and IL-1β which are important mediators for neutrophil recruitment. Macrophages are an important source of these mediators in COPD. Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus) and Befidobacterium breve (B. breve) attenuate the development of 'allergic asthma' in animals but their effects in COPD are unknown. To determine the anti-inflammatory effects of L. rhamnosus and B. breve on CS and Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation. We stimulated the human macrophage cell line THP-1 with CS extract in the presence and absence of L. rhamnosus and B. breve and measured the expression and release of inflammatory mediators by RT-qPCR and ELISA respectively. An activity assay and Western blotting were used to examine NF-κB activation. Both L. rhamnosus and B. breve were efficiently phagocytized by human macrophages. L. rhamnosus and B. breve significantly suppressed the ability of CS to induce the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-23, TNFα, CXCL-8 and HMGB1 release (all p<0.05) in human THP-1 macrophages. Similar suppression of TLR4- and TLR9-induced CXCL8 expression was also observed (p<0.05). The effect of L. rhamnosus and B. breve on inflammatory mediator release was associated with the suppression of CS-induced NF-κB activation (p<0.05). This data indicate that these probiotics may be useful anti-inflammatory agents in CS-associated disease such as COPD.

  4. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Lactobacillus Rahmnosus and Bifidobacterium Breve on Cigarette Smoke Activated Human Macrophages.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Esmaeil Mortaz

    Full Text Available Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD is a major global health problem with cigarette smoke (CS as the main risk factor for its development. Airway inflammation in COPD involves the increased expression of inflammatory mediators such as CXCL-8 and IL-1β which are important mediators for neutrophil recruitment. Macrophages are an important source of these mediators in COPD. Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus and Befidobacterium breve (B. breve attenuate the development of 'allergic asthma' in animals but their effects in COPD are unknown.To determine the anti-inflammatory effects of L. rhamnosus and B. breve on CS and Toll-like receptor (TLR activation.We stimulated the human macrophage cell line THP-1 with CS extract in the presence and absence of L. rhamnosus and B. breve and measured the expression and release of inflammatory mediators by RT-qPCR and ELISA respectively. An activity assay and Western blotting were used to examine NF-κB activation.Both L. rhamnosus and B. breve were efficiently phagocytized by human macrophages. L. rhamnosus and B. breve significantly suppressed the ability of CS to induce the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-23, TNFα, CXCL-8 and HMGB1 release (all p<0.05 in human THP-1 macrophages. Similar suppression of TLR4- and TLR9-induced CXCL8 expression was also observed (p<0.05. The effect of L. rhamnosus and B. breve on inflammatory mediator release was associated with the suppression of CS-induced NF-κB activation (p<0.05.This data indicate that these probiotics may be useful anti-inflammatory agents in CS-associated disease such as COPD.

  5. Comunicação de moda: um breve olhar sobre o desfile como ferramenta na contemporaneidade

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    Cynthia Hansen

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo desta pesquisa é refletir sobre a utilidade dos desfiles como ferramenta de comunicação para marcas e criadores de moda na contemporaneidade. A partir da investigação exploratória bibliográfica sobre o conceito, função e evolução histórica dos desfiles, bem como sobre argumentos de autores que refutam e que corroboram a utilidade desses eventos em vista da forma como são realizados hoje, foi possível verificar que os desfiles servem como ferramenta de comunicação mercadológica geradora de publicidade, uma vez que são colocados em circulação na mídia na tentativa de impressionar e buscar reconhecimento das marcas perante o público, tanto especializado quanto leigo.

  6. Therapeutic potential of Bifidobacterium breve strain A1 for preventing cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kobayashi, Yodai; Sugahara, Hirosuke; Shimada, Kousuke; Mitsuyama, Eri; Kuhara, Tetsuya; Yasuoka, Akihito; Kondo, Takashi; Abe, Keiko; Xiao, Jin-Zhong

    2017-10-18

    It has previously been shown that the consumption of probiotics may have beneficial effects not only on peripheral tissues but also on the central nervous system and behavior via the microbiota-gut-brain axis, raising the possibility that treatment with probiotics could be an effective therapeutic strategy for managing neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we investigated the effects of oral administration of Bifidobacterium breve strain A1 (B. breve A1) on behavior and physiological processes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice. We found that administration of B. breve A1 to AD mice reversed the impairment of alternation behavior in a Y maze test and the reduced latency time in a passive avoidance test, indicating that it prevented cognitive dysfunction. We also demonstrated that non-viable components of the bacterium or its metabolite acetate partially ameliorated the cognitive decline observed in AD mice. Gene profiling analysis revealed that the consumption of B. breve A1 suppressed the hippocampal expressions of inflammation and immune-reactive genes that are induced by amyloid-β. Together, these findings suggest that B. breve A1 has therapeutic potential for preventing cognitive impairment in AD.

  7. Effect of Bifidobacterium breve B-3 on skin photoaging induced by chronic UV irradiation in mice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Satoh, T; Murata, M; Iwabuchi, N; Odamaki, T; Wakabayashi, H; Yamauchi, K; Abe, F; Xiao, J Z

    2015-01-01

    Probiotics have been shown to have a preventative effect on skin photoaging induced by short term UV irradiation, however, the underlying mechanisms and the effect of probiotics on skin photoaging induced by chronic UV irradiation remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of Bifidobacterium breve B-3 on skin photoaging induced by chronic UV irradiation in hairless mice. Mice were irradiated with UVB three times weekly and orally administered B. breve B-3 (2×10(9) cfu/mouse /day) for 7 weeks. Nonirradiated mice and UVB-irradiated mice without probiotic treatment were used as controls. B. breve B-3 significantly suppressed the changes of transepidermal water loss, skin hydration, epidermal thickening and attenuated the damage to the tight junction structure and basement membrane induced by chronic UVB irradiation. Administration of B. breve B-3 tended to suppress the UV-induced interleukin-1β production in skin (P=0.09). These results suggest that B. breve B-3 could potentially be used to prevent photoaging induced by chronic UV irradiation.

  8. Pre-treatment with Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 modulates Citrobacter rodentium-induced colonic inflammation and organ specificity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Collins, James W; Akin, Ali R; Kosta, Artemis; Zhang, Ning; Tangney, Mark; Francis, Kevin P; Frankel, Gad

    2012-11-01

    Citrobacter rodentium, which colonizes the gut mucosa via formation of attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions, causes transmissible colonic hyperplasia. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether prophylactic treatment with Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 can improve the outcome of C. rodentium infection. Six-week-old albino C57BL/6 mice were pre-treated for 3 days with B. breve, challenged with bioluminescent C. rodentium and administered B. breve or PBS-C for 8 days post-infection; control mice were either administered B. breve and mock-infected with PBS, or mock-treated with PBS-C and mock-infected with PBS. C. rodentium colonization was monitored by bacterial enumeration from faeces and by a combination of both 2D bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and composite 3D diffuse light imaging tomography with µCT imaging (DLIT-µCT). At day 8 post-infection, colons were removed and assessed for crypt hyperplasia, histology by light microscopy, bacterial colonization by immunofluorescence, and A/E lesion formation by electron microscopy. Prophylactic administration of B. breve did not prevent C. rodentium colonization or A/E lesion formation. However, this treatment did alter C. rodentium distribution within the large intestine and significantly reduced colonic crypt hyperplasia at the peak of bacterial infection. These results show that B. breve could not competitively exclude C. rodentium, but reduced pathogen-induced colonic inflammation.

  9. Metabolism of Sialic Acid by Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003

    Science.gov (United States)

    Egan, Muireann; O'Connell Motherway, Mary; Ventura, Marco

    2014-01-01

    Bifidobacteria constitute a specific group of commensal bacteria that inhabit the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and other mammals. Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 has previously been shown to utilize several plant-derived carbohydrates that include cellodextrins, starch, and galactan. In the present study, we investigated the ability of this strain to utilize the mucin- and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO)-derived carbohydrate sialic acid. Using a combination of transcriptomic and functional genomic approaches, we identified a gene cluster dedicated to the uptake and metabolism of sialic acid. Furthermore, we demonstrate that B. breve UCC2003 can cross feed on sialic acid derived from the metabolism of 3′-sialyllactose, an abundant HMO, by another infant gut bifidobacterial strain, Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010. PMID:24814790

  10. Digestion of Human Milk Oligosaccharides by Bifidobacterium breve in the Premature Infant.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Underwood, Mark A; Davis, Jasmine C C; Kalanetra, Karen M; Gehlot, Sanjay; Patole, Sanjay; Tancredi, Daniel J; Mills, David A; Lebrilla, Carlito B; Simmer, Karen

    2017-10-01

    The aim of this study was to measure consumption and absorption of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in a cohort of premature infants treated with probiotic Bifidobacterium breve. Twenty-nine premature infants (median gestational age 28 weeks, range 23-32 weeks) cared for in the neonatal intensive care unit of the King Edward and Princess Margaret Hospital in Perth, Australia, were treated with B breve at a dose of 1.66 billion organisms per day. Samples of feces, urine, and milk were obtained at initiation of the probiotic and again 3 weeks later. 16S ribosomal RNA from the feces was analyzed by next-generation sequencing. Quantitation of HMO content of the milk, urine, and feces was performed using nano-high-performance liquid chromatography-chip/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. There was heterogeneity in colonization with bifidobacteria. "Responders" received milk with higher percentages of fucosylated HMOs and had higher percentages of bifidobacteria and lower percentages of Enterobacteriaceae in their feces than "nonresponders." Several individual HMOs in the milk were associated with changes in fecal bifidobacteria over time. Changes over time in milk, fecal, and urine HMOs suggested heterogeneity among HMO structures in consumption by microbes in the gut lumen and absorption from the intestine. Colonization of the premature infant intestinal tract with probiotic B breve is influenced by prebiotic HMOs. B breve is a selective consumer of HMOs in the premature infant.

  11. Variation in consumption of human milk oligosaccharides by infant gut-associated strains of Bifidobacterium breve.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ruiz-Moyano, Santiago; Totten, Sarah M; Garrido, Daniel A; Smilowitz, Jennifer T; German, J Bruce; Lebrilla, Carlito B; Mills, David A

    2013-10-01

    Human milk contains a high concentration of complex oligosaccharides that influence the composition of the intestinal microbiota in breast-fed infants. Previous studies have indicated that select species such as Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis and Bifidobacterium bifidum can utilize human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) in vitro as the sole carbon source, while the relatively few B. longum subsp. longum and Bifidobacterium breve isolates tested appear less adapted to these substrates. Considering the high frequency at which B. breve is isolated from breast-fed infant feces, we postulated that some B. breve strains can more vigorously consume HMO and thus are enriched in the breast-fed infant gastrointestinal tract. To examine this, a number of B. breve isolates from breast-fed infant feces were characterized for the presence of different glycosyl hydrolases that participate in HMO utilization, as well as by their ability to grow on HMO or specific HMO species such as lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) and fucosyllactose. All B. breve strains showed high levels of growth on LNT and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), and, in general, growth on total HMO was moderate for most of the strains, with several strain differences. Growth and consumption of fucosylated HMO were strain dependent, mostly in isolates possessing a glycosyl hydrolase family 29 α-fucosidase. Glycoprofiling of the spent supernatant after HMO fermentation by select strains revealed that all B. breve strains can utilize sialylated HMO to a certain extent, especially sialyl-lacto-N-tetraose. Interestingly, this specific oligosaccharide was depleted before neutral LNT by strain SC95. In aggregate, this work indicates that the HMO consumption phenotype in B. breve is variable; however, some strains display specific adaptations to these substrates, enabling more vigorous consumption of fucosylated and sialylated HMO. These results provide a rationale for the predominance of this species in breast-fed infant feces and

  12. APROXIMACIÓN AL CONCEPTO DE GOBERNANZA EN COLOMBIA Y ALGUNOS APUNTES SOBRE SU IMPORTANCIA EN EL DERECHO AMBIENTAL

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    Erika Castro Buitrago

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo presenta un breve estudio sobre la recepción del concepto de Gobernanza en Colombia, su uso en la política ambiental y la investigación interna que existe en esta materia. En especial, el artículo llama la atención sobre la necesidad de estudiar la influencia del término en el ámbito del derecho administrativo ambiental, a partir de la importancia que otros ordenamientos jurídicos le han otorgado. En el caso europeo, la gobernanza se entiende como el modelo ideal de gobernación para gestionar los asuntos ambientales

  13. Analysis of infant isolates of Bifidobacterium breve by comparative genome hybridization indicates the existence of new subspecies with marked infant specificity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Boesten, Rolf; Schuren, Frank; Wind, Richèle D; Knol, Jan; de Vos, Willem M

    2011-09-01

    A total of 20 Bifidobacterium strains were isolated from fecal samples of 4 breast- and bottle-fed infants and all were characterized as Bifidobacterium breve based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and metabolic analysis. These isolates were further characterized and compared to the type strains of B. breve and 7 other Bifidobacterium spp. by comparative genome hybridization. For this purpose, we constructed and used a DNA-based microarray containing over 2000 randomly cloned DNA fragments from B. breve type strain LMG13208. This molecular analysis revealed a high degree of genomic variation between the isolated strains and allowed the vast majority to be grouped into 4 clusters. One cluster contained a single isolate that was virtually indistinguishable from the B. breve type strain. The 3 other clusters included 19 B. breve strains that differed considerably from all type strains. Remarkably, each of the 4 clusters included strains that were isolated from a single infant, indicating that a niche adaptation may contribute to variation within the B. breve species. Based on genomic hybridization data, the new B. breve isolates were estimated to contain approximately 60-90% of the genes of the B. breve type strain, attesting to the existence of various subspecies within the species B. breve. Further bioinformatic analysis identified several hundred diagnostic clones specific to the genomic clustering of the B. breve isolates. Molecular analysis of representatives of these revealed that annotated genes from the conserved B. breve core encoded mainly housekeeping functions, while the strain-specific genes were predicted to code for functions related to life style, such as carbohydrate metabolism and transport. This is compatible with genetic adaptation of the strains to their niche, a combination of infants and diet. Copyright © 2011 Institut Pasteur. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

  14. Metabolism of sialic acid by Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Egan, Muireann; O'Connell Motherway, Mary; Ventura, Marco; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2014-07-01

    Bifidobacteria constitute a specific group of commensal bacteria that inhabit the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and other mammals. Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 has previously been shown to utilize several plant-derived carbohydrates that include cellodextrins, starch, and galactan. In the present study, we investigated the ability of this strain to utilize the mucin- and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO)-derived carbohydrate sialic acid. Using a combination of transcriptomic and functional genomic approaches, we identified a gene cluster dedicated to the uptake and metabolism of sialic acid. Furthermore, we demonstrate that B. breve UCC2003 can cross feed on sialic acid derived from the metabolism of 3'-sialyllactose, an abundant HMO, by another infant gut bifidobacterial strain, Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010. Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

  15. Effect of Bifidobacterium breve M-16V supplementation on faecal bifidobacteria in growth restricted very preterm infants - analysis from a randomised trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patole, Sanjay K; Keil, Anthony D; Nathan, Elizabeth; Doherty, Dorota; Esvaran, Meera; Simmer, Karen N; Conway, Patricia

    2016-12-01

    Gut development, function and colonisation are impaired in animal models of prematurity with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The effect of Bifidobacterium breve (B. breve) supplementation on faecal bifidobacteria in small for gestational age (SGA: birth weight breve M-16V supplementation effect on faecal bifidobacteria in preterm (breve counts between SGA versus non-SGA infants [probiotic: 7 (33%) versus 22 (42%), p = 0.603; placebo: 1 (6%) versus 1 (2%), p = 0.429]. B. breve counts did not differ between SGA and non-SGA infants in response to treatment (p = 0.589), after adjusting for baseline count (p breve M-16V supplementation was not significantly different in preterm (<33 weeks) SGA versus non-SGA infants.

  16. Lysis of Gymnodinium breve by cultures of the green alga Nannochloris eucaryotum.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pérez, E; Sawyers, W G; Martin, D F

    2001-01-01

    Laboratory cultures of Florida's red tide organism, Gymnodinium breve, were killed by the green alga Nannochloris eucaryotum. Studies involved organism-organism interaction as well as organism-cell-free culture (N. eucaryotum) interaction. Both studies demonstrated that N. eucaryotum adversely affected Florida's red tide organism. The lysis has been attributed to compounds called APONINs (apparent oceanic naturally occurring cytolins). N. eucaryotum crude APONIN was extracted from cell-free cultures, partially purified and fractionated. The fractions were bioassayed against G. breve, and 'fingerprints' of the deleterious fractions were obtained.

  17. Bifidobacterium breve with α-linolenic acid alters the composition, distribution and transcription factor activity associated with metabolism and absorption of fat.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patterson, Elaine; Wall, Rebecca; Lisai, Sara; Ross, R Paul; Dinan, Timothy G; Cryan, John F; Fitzgerald, Gerald F; Banni, Sebastiano; Quigley, Eamonn M; Shanahan, Fergus; Stanton, Catherine

    2017-03-07

    This study focused on the mechanisms that fatty acid conjugating strains - Bifidobacterium breve NCIMB 702258 and Bifidobacterium breve DPC 6330 - influence lipid metabolism when ingested with α-linolenic acid (ALA) enriched diet. Four groups of BALB/c mice received ALA enriched diet (3% (w/w)) either alone or in combination with B. breve NCIMB 702258 or B. breve DPC 6330 (10 9 CFU/day) or unsupplemented control diet for six weeks. The overall n-3 PUFA score was increased in all groups receiving the ALA enriched diet. Hepatic peroxisomal beta oxidation increased following supplementation of the ALA enriched diet with B. breve (P breve NCIMB 702258 was found on the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Liver triglycerides (TAG) were reduced following ALA supplementation, compared with unsupplemented controls (P breve further reduced liver TAG (P < 0.01), compared with the ALA enriched control. These data indicate that the interactions of the gut microbiota with fatty acid metabolism directly affect host health by modulating n-3 PUFA score and the ECS.

  18. Bifidobacterium breve with α-linolenic acid alters the composition, distribution and transcription factor activity associated with metabolism and absorption of fat

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patterson, Elaine; Wall, Rebecca; Lisai, Sara; Ross, R. Paul; Dinan, Timothy G.; Cryan, John F.; Fitzgerald, Gerald F.; Banni, Sebastiano; Quigley, Eamonn M.; Shanahan, Fergus; Stanton, Catherine

    2017-01-01

    This study focused on the mechanisms that fatty acid conjugating strains - Bifidobacterium breve NCIMB 702258 and Bifidobacterium breve DPC 6330 - influence lipid metabolism when ingested with α-linolenic acid (ALA) enriched diet. Four groups of BALB/c mice received ALA enriched diet (3% (w/w)) either alone or in combination with B. breve NCIMB 702258 or B. breve DPC 6330 (109 CFU/day) or unsupplemented control diet for six weeks. The overall n-3 PUFA score was increased in all groups receiving the ALA enriched diet. Hepatic peroxisomal beta oxidation increased following supplementation of the ALA enriched diet with B. breve (P breve NCIMB 702258 was found on the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Liver triglycerides (TAG) were reduced following ALA supplementation, compared with unsupplemented controls (P breve further reduced liver TAG (P < 0.01), compared with the ALA enriched control. These data indicate that the interactions of the gut microbiota with fatty acid metabolism directly affect host health by modulating n-3 PUFA score and the ECS. PMID:28265110

  19. Wordstar professional : breve guida di consultazione

    OpenAIRE

    Biagioni, Stefania

    1990-01-01

    La presente nota ? una breve guida all'uso di WordStar Professional 4.0, utile per una rapida consultazione. Non intende esaurire l'argomento e neppure riportare tutto quello che pu? essere trovato nei manuali citati nella bibliografia presente nel testo. I comandi sono trattati secondo il raggruppamento dei MENU guida che WordStar offre agli utenti, mentre alcune delle funzioni pi? complesse sono spiegate pi? in dettaglio unitamente ad alcuni esempi.

  20. A two-component regulatory system controls autoregulated serpin expression in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alvarez-Martin, Pablo; O'Connell Motherway, Mary; Turroni, Francesca; Foroni, Elena; Ventura, Marco; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2012-10-01

    This work reports on the identification and molecular characterization of a two-component regulatory system (2CRS), encoded by serRK, which is believed to control the expression of the ser(2003) locus in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. The ser(2003) locus consists of two genes, Bbr_1319 (sagA) and Bbr_1320 (serU), which are predicted to encode a hypothetical membrane-associated protein and a serpin-like protein, respectively. The response regulator SerR was shown to bind to the promoter region of ser(2003), and the probable recognition sequence of SerR was determined by a combinatorial approach of in vitro site-directed mutagenesis coupled to transcriptional fusion and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs). The importance of the serRK 2CRS in the response of B. breve to protease-mediated induction was confirmed by generating a B. breve serR insertion mutant, which was shown to exhibit altered ser(2003) transcriptional induction patterns compared to the parent strain, UCC2003. Interestingly, the analysis of a B. breve serU mutant revealed that the SerRK signaling pathway appears to include a SerU-dependent autoregulatory loop.

  1. REFLEXÕES SOBRE MODERNIDADE, TURISMO E CAMPO SOCIAL NO ESTADO DE ALAGOAS - BRASIL

    OpenAIRE

    Daniel Arthur Lisboa de Vasconcelos; Edson José Gouveia Bezerra

    2013-01-01

    O presente artigo, de caráter ensaístico, visa a contribuir com reflexões sobre modernidade, turismo e campo social sociais no Estado de Alagoas - Brasil. Utilizando o referencial de autores como Giddens (2001), Jameson (2002) e Harvey (1992), dentre outros, sintetizaremos algumas características das transições socioculturais da modernidade para o atual estágio do modo de produção capitalista, período que muitos têm considerado como a “pós-modernidade”. Posteriormente, empreenderemos breve de...

  2. Immune effects of the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve

    OpenAIRE

    Ezendam J; Loveren H van; TOX

    2007-01-01

    Bifidobacterium breve, een probiotische bacterie, heeft gunstige effecten op zowel allergieen als autoimmuniteit - een afweerreactie op lichaamseigen bestanddelen - bij proefdieren. Probiotica worden in reclameboodschappen ook wel 'goede bacterien' genoemd. Fabrikanten claimen een positief effect van probiotica op darmflora, weerstand en preventie van allergieen. De meeste van deze effecten zijn echter niet wetenschappelijk onderbouwd. Het is bekend dat de effecten van probiotica afhangen van...

  3. Bifidobacterium breve M-16V as a Probiotic for Preterm Infants: A Strain-Specific Systematic Review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Athalye-Jape, Gayatri; Rao, Shripada; Simmer, Karen; Patole, Sanjay

    2017-08-01

    Bifidobacterium breve M-16V has been used as a probiotic in preterm infants. Probiotic strain-specific data are essential to guide clinical practice. To assess effects of B breve M-16V in preterm neonates. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs of B breve M-16V in preterm infants was conducted. Multiple databases, proceedings of Pediatric Academy Society, and other relevant conferences were searched in September 2016 and on January 5, 2017. Five RCTs (n = 482) and 4 non-RCTs (n = 2496) were included. Of the 5 RCTs, 4 carried high/unclear risk of bias in many domains. Meta-analysis (fixed effects model) of RCTs showed no significant benefits on stage ≥2 necrotizing enterocolitis, late-onset sepsis, mortality, and postnatal age at full feeds. Meta-analysis of non-RCTs showed significant benefits on (1) late-onset sepsis-3 studies (n = 2452), odds ratio = 0.56 (95% CI, 0.45-0.71), P breve M-16V. On Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation analysis, the overall quality of evidence was deemed very low. Current evidence is limited regarding the potential of B breve M-16V in preterm neonates. Adequately powered, preferably cluster RCTs are needed to confirm these findings.

  4. Metabolism of four α-glycosidic linkage-containing oligosaccharides by Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

    Science.gov (United States)

    O'Connell, Kerry Joan; O'Connell Motherway, Mary; O'Callaghan, John; Fitzgerald, Gerald F; Ross, R Paul; Ventura, Marco; Stanton, Catherine; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2013-10-01

    Members of the genus Bifidobacterium are common inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and other mammals, where they ferment many diet-derived carbohydrates that cannot be digested by their hosts. To extend our understanding of bifidobacterial carbohydrate utilization, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which 11 strains of Bifidobacterium breve metabolize four distinct α-glucose- and/or α-galactose-containing oligosaccharides, namely, raffinose, stachyose, melibiose, and melezitose. Here we demonstrate that all B. breve strains examined possess the ability to utilize raffinose, stachyose, and melibiose. However, the ability to metabolize melezitose was not common to all B. breve strains tested. Transcriptomic and functional genomic approaches identified a gene cluster dedicated to the metabolism of α-galactose-containing carbohydrates, while an adjacent gene cluster, dedicated to the metabolism of α-glucose-containing melezitose, was identified in strains that are able to use this carbohydrate.

  5. Breve nota sobre hábitos de dormir do tamanduá-bandeira - Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus (Xenarthra, Myrmecophagidae)

    OpenAIRE

    Medri, Ísis Meri; Mourão, Guilherme

    2005-01-01

    The scientific literature on giant anteaters states that the animal sleeps with its tail folded over its body to conserve body temperature. However, observations of this species in natural habitats indicate variations in this behavior, depending on the ambient temperature.A literatura científica sobre tamanduá-bandeira afirma que o animal dorme com sua cauda dobrada sobre o corpo para conservar a temperatura corporal. Entretanto, observações desta espécie em hábitats naturais indicam variaçõe...

  6. Administration of Bifidobacterium breve Decreases the Production of TNF-α in Children with Celiac Disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Klemenak, Martina; Dolinšek, Jernej; Langerholc, Tomaž; Di Gioia, Diana; Mičetić-Turk, Dušanka

    2015-11-01

    Increasing evidence suggests that not only genetics, but also environmental factors like gut microbiota dysbiosis play an important role in the pathogenesis of celiac disease (CD). The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of two probiotic strains Bifidobacterium breve BR03 and B. breve B632 on serum production of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) and pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in children with CD. The study was a double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial that included 49 children with CD on gluten-free diet (GFD) randomized into two groups and 18 healthy children in the control group. The first group (24 children with CD) daily received B. breve BR03 and B632 (2 × 10(9) colony-forming units) and the second group (25 children with CD) received placebo for 3 months. TNF-α levels were significantly decreased in the first group after receiving B. breve for 3 months. On follow-up, 3 months after receiving probiotics, TNF-α levels increased again. Children with CD who were on GFD for less than 1 year showed similar baseline TNF-α levels as children who were on GFD for more than 1 year. IL-10 levels were in all groups of patients below detection level. Probiotic intervention with B. breve strains has shown a positive effect on decreasing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in children with CD on GFD.

  7. Metabolism of a plant derived galactose‐containing polysaccharide by Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003

    Science.gov (United States)

    O'Connell Motherway, Mary; Fitzgerald, Gerald F.; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2011-01-01

    Summary In this study, we describe the functional characterization of the Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 gal locus, which is dedicated to the utilization of galactan, a plant‐derived polysaccharide. Using a combination of molecular approaches we conclude that the galA gene of B. breve UCC2003 encodes a β‐1,4‐endogalactanase producing galacto‐oligosaccharides, which are specifically internalized by an ABC transport system, encoded by galBCDE, and which are then hydrolysed to galactose moieties by a dedicated intracellular β‐galactosidase, specified by galG. The generated galactose molecules are presumed to be fed into the fructose‐6‐phosphate phosphoketolase pathway via the Leloir pathway, thereby allowing B. breve UCC2003 to use galactan as its sole carbon and energy source. In addition to these findings we demonstrate that GalR is a LacI‐type DNA‐binding protein, which not only appears to control transcription of the galCDEGR operon, but also that of the galA gene. PMID:21375716

  8. Effects of Bifidobacterium breve on inflammatory gene expression in neonatal and weaning rat intestine.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ohtsuka, Yoshikazu; Ikegami, Takako; Izumi, Hirohisa; Namura, Mariko; Ikeda, Tomomi; Ikuse, Tamaki; Baba, Yosuke; Kudo, Takahiro; Suzuki, Ryuyo; Shimizu, Toshiaki

    2012-01-01

    To examine the immune-modulatory effects of probiotics during early infancy, Bifidobacterium breve M-16V (B. breve) was administered to rat pups during the newborn or weaning period, and the expression of inflammatory genes was investigated using a cDNA microarray and real-time PCR. After B. breve administration, significant increases in the numbers of Bifidobacterium in both the cecum and colon were confirmed during the newborn period. The numbers of upregulated and downregulated genes were greater during the weaning period than in the newborn period and were greatest in the colon, with fewer genes altered in the small intestine and the fewest in the spleen. The expression of inflammation-related genes, including lipoprotein lipase (Lpl), glutathione peroxidase 2 (Gpx2), and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (Lbp), was significantly reduced in the colon during the newborn period. In weaning rat pups, the expression of CD3d, a cell surface receptor-linked signaling molecule, was significantly enhanced in the colon; however, the expression of co-stimulatory molecules was not enhanced. Our findings support a possible role for B. breve in mediating anti-inflammatory and antiallergic reactions by modulating the expression of inflammatory molecules during the newborn period and by regulating the expression of co-stimulatory molecules during the weaning period. Gene expression in the intestine was investigated after feeding 5 × 10(8) cfu of B. breve every day to the F344/Du rat from days 1 to 14 (newborn group) and from days 21 to 34 (weaning group). mRNA was extracted from intestine, and the expression of inflammatory gene was analyzed by microarray and real-time PCR.

  9. Narrativas sobre a perda da visão: breves reflexões sobre corpo e emoções

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Gustavo Pereira de Souza Correia

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Este texto tem como objetivo compreender as vivências dos processos simbólicos e as interpretações pessoais sobre a perda da visão via narrativas de indivíduos cegos habitantes de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. As emoções expressas nas narrativas são os elementos de análise e compreensão das elaborações simbólicas dos personagens da sua localização e orientação social como indivíduos cegos. Desta forma é discutida a intersubjetividade na vivência da cegueira, como possibilidade de pensar a experiência subjetiva do corpo em seu engajamento ou enraizamento no mundo social. Fecha de recepción: 22 septiembre 2009. Fecha de aceptación: 02 de noviembre 2009.

  10. The effects of Bifidobacterium breve on immune mediators and proteome of HT29 cells monolayers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sánchez, Borja; González-Rodríguez, Irene; Arboleya, Silvia; López, Patricia; Suárez, Ana; Ruas-Madiedo, Patricia; Margolles, Abelardo; Gueimonde, Miguel

    2015-01-01

    The use of beneficial microorganisms, the so-called probiotics, to improve human health is gaining popularity. However, not all of the probiotic strains trigger the same responses and they differ in their interaction with the host. In spite of the limited knowledge on mechanisms of action some of the probiotic effects seem to be exerted through maintenance of the gastrointestinal barrier function and modulation of the immune system. In the present work, we have addressed in vitro the response of the intestinal epithelial cell line HT29 to the strain Bifidobacterium breve IPLA20004. In the array of 84 genes involved in inflammation tested, the expression of 12 was modified by the bifidobacteria. The genes of chemokine CXCL6, the chemokine receptor CCR7, and, specially, the complement component C3 were upregulated. Indeed, HT29 cells cocultivated with B. breve produced significantly higher levels of protein C3a. The proteome of HT29 cells showed increased levels of cytokeratin-8 in the presence of B. breve. Altogether, it seems that B. breve IPLA20004 could favor the recruitment of innate immune cells to the mucosa reinforcing, as well as the physical barrier of the intestinal epithelium.

  11. Comparative genome and methylome analysis reveals restriction/modification system diversity in the gut commensal Bifidobacterium breve

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bottacini, Francesca; Morrissey, Ruth; Roberts, Richard John; James, Kieran; van Breen, Justin; Egan, Muireann; Lambert, Jolanda; van Limpt, Kees; Knol, Jan; Motherway, Mary O’Connell; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2018-01-01

    Abstract Bifidobacterium breve represents one of the most abundant bifidobacterial species in the gastro-intestinal tract of breast-fed infants, where their presence is believed to exert beneficial effects. In the present study whole genome sequencing, employing the PacBio Single Molecule, Real-Time (SMRT) sequencing platform, combined with comparative genome analysis allowed the most extensive genetic investigation of this taxon. Our findings demonstrate that genes encoding Restriction/Modification (R/M) systems constitute a substantial part of the B. breve variable gene content (or variome). Using the methylome data generated by SMRT sequencing, combined with targeted Illumina bisulfite sequencing (BS-seq) and comparative genome analysis, we were able to detect methylation recognition motifs and assign these to identified B. breve R/M systems, where in several cases such assignments were confirmed by restriction analysis. Furthermore, we show that R/M systems typically impose a very significant barrier to genetic accessibility of B. breve strains, and that cloning of a methyltransferase-encoding gene may overcome such a barrier, thus allowing future functional investigations of members of this species. PMID:29294107

  12. 王弼《老子注》的詮釋辨證/ Interpretative Dialectics of Wang Bi’s Exegesis of Lao-Tzu

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jung-Tao TSAI

    2012-09-01

    Wang Bi, the most prominent scholar of metaphysics of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, was an unprecedented genius throughout the history of Chinese philosophy. In this article, the author examines the brilliant contributions made by Lin Li Zhen, Yu Dun Kang and Rudolf G. Wagner, who are noticed for their research of Exegesis of Lao-Tzu. It is a synthesis of the directions of investigation, approaches, and significant findings they have come up with. Among the three interpretations, Lin focuses on the explanation of Wang’s metaphysic thinking while Yu emphasizes Wang’s secular concerns by proposing the “philosophy of thoroughness” and political holism. As for Wagner, he approaches this work with the views of linguistic philosophy and suggests refined stylistics as interpretative strategy, which functions to enrich the textual contents.

  13. BREVES REFLEXÕES SOBRE A IMPRESCRITIBILIDADE DOS CRIMES DE RACISMO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Clarice Costa Calixto

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available O artigo visa refletir sobre o dispositivo da Constituição brasileira de 1988 que prevê a imprescritibilidade dos crimes de racismo. Inicia-se com um panorama histórico da formação da sociedade brasileira, investigando-se as origens da discriminação no país e abordando a questão do conceito de raça como construção cultural, e não como grupo diferenciado por características biológicas. Após, é apresentado o tratamento jurídico da discriminação nas convenções internacionais e no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, bem como as características centrais do instituto da prescrição penal. Finaliza-se o texto demonstrando as incongruências da previsão da imprescritibilidade do crime de racismo em relação às tendências garantistas e democráticas da ordem jurídica instaurada pelo texto constitucional vigente, tendo em vista o autoritarismo da eternização da possibilidade de punição e os fundamentos teóricos da prescrição penal relativos ao esquecimento, à dispersão das provas, à expiação moral, à emenda e à teoria psicológica.

  14. Efficacy of Bifidobacterium breve NCC2950 against DSS-induced colitis is dependent on bacterial preparation and timing of administration.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hayes, C L; Natividad, J M M; Jury, J; Martin, R; Langella, P; Verdu, E F

    2014-03-01

    Probiotics have been proposed as a therapy for inflammatory bowel disease, but variations in strains, formulations, and protocols used in clinical trials have hindered the creation of guidelines for their use. Thus, preclinical insight into the mechanisms of specific probiotic strains and mode of administration would be useful to guide future clinical trial design. In this study, live, heat inactivated (HI), and spent culture medium preparations of the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve NCC2950 were administered to specific pathogen free C57BL/6 mice before or during colitis, as well as before colitis reactivation. Five days of 3.5% dextran sulphate sodium in drinking water was used to induce colitis. Pretreatment with live B. breve reduced disease severity, myeloperoxidase activity, microscopic damage, cytokine production, interleukin (IL)-12/IL-10 ratio, and lymphocyte infiltration in the colon. B. breve did not attenuate on-going colitis. After acute colitis, disease symptoms were normalised sooner with live and HI B. breve treatment; however, reactivation of colitis was not prevented. These findings indicate that the efficacy of a probiotic to modulate intestinal inflammation is dependent on the formulation as well as state of inflammation when administered. Overall, live B. breve was most efficacious in preventing acute colitis. Live and HI B. breve also promoted recovery from diarrhoea and colon bleeding after a bout of acute colitis.

  15. Fotografando a geringonça sem freio: breve investigação sobre as transformações da música em Brasília desde os anos 80

    OpenAIRE

    Fernandes Cunha, André Luiz

    2018-01-01

    Inspirado na imagem de uma carroça futurista, criada pela banda Feijão de Bandido em 2001, esse artigo pretende fazer um breve mapeamento da cena musical em Brasília dos anos 80 até a atualidade considerando sua natureza híbrida: arcaica e moderna, global e local simultaneamente. 

  16. Identification and characterization of an oleate hydratase-encoding gene from Bifidobacterium breve.

    Science.gov (United States)

    O'Connell, Kerry Joan; Motherway, Mary O'Connell; Hennessey, Alan A; Brodhun, Florian; Ross, R Paul; Feussner, Ivo; Stanton, Catherine; Fitzgerald, Gerald F; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2013-01-01

    Bifidobacteria are common commensals of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. Previous studies have suggested that a bifidobacterial myosin cross reactive antigen (MCRA) protein plays a role in bacterial stress tolerance, while this protein has also been linked to the biosynthesis of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in bifidobacteria. In order to increase our understanding on the role of MCRA in bifidobacteria we created and analyzed an insertion mutant of the MCRA-encoding gene of B. breve NCFB 2258. Our results demonstrate that the MCRA protein of B. breve NCFB 2258 does not appear to play a role in CLA production, yet is an oleate hydratase, which contributes to bifidobacterial solvent stress protection.

  17. Macrolide Resistance Mediated by a Bifidobacterium breve Membrane Protein

    OpenAIRE

    Margolles, Abelardo; Moreno, José Antonio; van Sinderen, Douwe; de los Reyes-Gavilán, Clara G.

    2005-01-01

    A gene coding for a hypothetical membrane protein from Bifidobacterium breve was expressed in Lactococcus lactis. Immunoblotting demonstrated that this protein is located in the membrane. Phenotypical changes in sensitivity towards 21 antibiotics were determined. The membrane protein-expressing cells showed higher levels of resistance to several macrolides.

  18. Sobre la toma de decisiones económicas bajo incertidumbre

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aurora García Gallego

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo resumimos la evolución de la Teoría Económica sobre la toma de decisiones bajo incertidumbre. Tras una breve introducción a la teoría de la Utilidad Esperada, nos referimos a comportamientos paradójicos que obligaron a los economistas a adoptar teorías menos simplistas que permitieran explicar un mayor abanico de fenómenos. La mayor complejidad conlleva una descripción multidimensional de las actitudes humanas frente al riesgo económico. Sin embargo, las mediciones de la actitud frente al riesgo utilizadas por los economistas continúan siendo, en su mayoría, unidimensionales.

  19. Brief exegesis on the existing legislation and the application of thermal insulation in the world - proposal for Mexico; Breve exegesis sobre legislacion existente en la aplicacion de aislamientos termicos en el mundo - propuesta para Mexico

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ordonez C, Luis Felipe [Aislantes Minerales, S. A. de C. V., Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

    1993-12-31

    In different countries of the world, derived from its great concern for energy conservation, the natural resources and the environmental preservation, and because of the high cost that represents the immoderate utilization of the energy and its secondary effects, legislation and regulations on the subject of the use of thermal insulation in commercial, industrial and dwelling buildings, have been approved. These actions have yielded very significant savings in reference to national macro-economies as well as in the individual family economies. As a direct consequence of the reduction of the energy consumption the emission of pollutants derived from combustion is proportionally reduced. The reduction is reflected in its daily expenses and transfers its benefits in direct and immediate form. Other secondary beneficial effects are: The quality of life of the individuals is noticeably improved in more comfortable dwellings, new jobs are generated as well as greater training needs to the construction personnel and the offer of choices on construction systems is widened. In first term a summarized and explained presentation is made on the legislation and regulations adopted in a wide list of different countries all over the world; leaders in this aspect. Afterwards, a presentation is made of the measures that could be implemented in Mexico and specific values of insulation, in accordance with the different climatological Mexican regions, are suggested. [Espanol] En distintos paises del mundo, derivado de su gran preocupacion por la conservacion de la energia, de los recursos naturales y de la preservacion del medio ambiente; por el alto costo que representa el uso desmedido de los energeticos y sus efectos secundarios, se han aprobado legislacion y reglamentacion en materia del uso de aislamientos termicos en edificaciones de tipo comercial, industrial y habitacional. Estas acciones han redituado ahorros muy significativos, tanto en referencia a las macro-economias nacionales como a las microeconomias familiares individuales. En consecuencia directa de la reduccion en el consumo energetico, se reduce en forma proporcional la emision de los contaminantes derivados de la combustion. La reduccion se realiza en su gasto diario y transfiere sus beneficios en forma directa e inmediata. Otros efectos secundarios beneficos son; se mejora sensiblemente la calidad de vida de los habitantes de viviendas mas confortables, se generan nuevos empleos y necesidades de mayor capacitacion al personal de la construccion y se amplia la oferta de alternativas de sistemas constructivos. En primer termino, se hace una presentacion resumida y explicada de la legislacion y reglamentacion adoptada en una amplia lista de distintos paises del mundo; lideres en este aspecto. Posteriormente, se hace una presentacion de las medidas que se pudieran implementar a este respecto en Mexico y se sugieren valores especificos de aislamiento relativos a las distintas regiones climatologicas mexicanas.

  20. Brief exegesis on the existing legislation and the application of thermal insulation in the world - proposal for Mexico; Breve exegesis sobre legislacion existente en la aplicacion de aislamientos termicos en el mundo - propuesta para Mexico

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ordonez C, Luis Felipe [Aislantes Minerales, S. A. de C. V., Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

    1992-12-31

    In different countries of the world, derived from its great concern for energy conservation, the natural resources and the environmental preservation, and because of the high cost that represents the immoderate utilization of the energy and its secondary effects, legislation and regulations on the subject of the use of thermal insulation in commercial, industrial and dwelling buildings, have been approved. These actions have yielded very significant savings in reference to national macro-economies as well as in the individual family economies. As a direct consequence of the reduction of the energy consumption the emission of pollutants derived from combustion is proportionally reduced. The reduction is reflected in its daily expenses and transfers its benefits in direct and immediate form. Other secondary beneficial effects are: The quality of life of the individuals is noticeably improved in more comfortable dwellings, new jobs are generated as well as greater training needs to the construction personnel and the offer of choices on construction systems is widened. In first term a summarized and explained presentation is made on the legislation and regulations adopted in a wide list of different countries all over the world; leaders in this aspect. Afterwards, a presentation is made of the measures that could be implemented in Mexico and specific values of insulation, in accordance with the different climatological Mexican regions, are suggested. [Espanol] En distintos paises del mundo, derivado de su gran preocupacion por la conservacion de la energia, de los recursos naturales y de la preservacion del medio ambiente; por el alto costo que representa el uso desmedido de los energeticos y sus efectos secundarios, se han aprobado legislacion y reglamentacion en materia del uso de aislamientos termicos en edificaciones de tipo comercial, industrial y habitacional. Estas acciones han redituado ahorros muy significativos, tanto en referencia a las macro-economias nacionales como a las microeconomias familiares individuales. En consecuencia directa de la reduccion en el consumo energetico, se reduce en forma proporcional la emision de los contaminantes derivados de la combustion. La reduccion se realiza en su gasto diario y transfiere sus beneficios en forma directa e inmediata. Otros efectos secundarios beneficos son; se mejora sensiblemente la calidad de vida de los habitantes de viviendas mas confortables, se generan nuevos empleos y necesidades de mayor capacitacion al personal de la construccion y se amplia la oferta de alternativas de sistemas constructivos. En primer termino, se hace una presentacion resumida y explicada de la legislacion y reglamentacion adoptada en una amplia lista de distintos paises del mundo; lideres en este aspecto. Posteriormente, se hace una presentacion de las medidas que se pudieran implementar a este respecto en Mexico y se sugieren valores especificos de aislamiento relativos a las distintas regiones climatologicas mexicanas.

  1. Post-sensitization administration of non-digestible oligosaccharides and Bifidobacterium breve M-16V reduces allergic symptoms in mice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    van Esch, Betty C A M; Abbring, Suzanne; Diks, Mara A P; Dingjan, Gemma M; Harthoorn, Lucien F; Vos, A Paul; Garssen, Johan

    2016-06-01

    To support dietary management of severe cow's milk allergic infants, a synbiotic mixture of non-digestible oligosaccharides and Bifidobacterium breve M-16V ( B. breve ) was designed from source materials that are completely cow's milk-free. It was investigated whether this specific synbiotic concept can reduce an established food allergic response in a research model for hen's egg allergy. Mice were orally sensitized once a week for 5 weeks to ovalbumin (OVA) using cholera toxin (CT) as an adjuvant. Non-sensitized mice received CT in PBS only. Sensitized mice were fed a control diet or a diet enriched with short-chain- (scFOS) and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (lcFOS), B. breve or scFOSlcFOS +  B. breve for 3 weeks starting after the last sensitization. Non-sensitized mice received the control diet. Anaphylactic shock symptoms, acute allergic skin responses and serum specific IgE, mMCP-1 and galectin-9 were measured upon OVA challenge. Activated Th2-, Th1-cells and regulatory T-cells were quantified in spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and cytokine profiles were analyzed. Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were measured in ceacal samples. The acute allergic skin response was reduced in mice fed the scFOSlcFOS +  B. breve diet compared to mice fed any of the other diets. A reduction in mast cell degranulation (mMCP-1) and anaphylactic shock symptoms was also observed in these mice. Unstimulated splenocyte cultures produced increased levels of IL10 and IFNg in mice fed the scFOSlcFOS +  B. breve diet. Correspondingly, increased percentages of activated Th1 cells were observed in the spleen. Allergen-specific re-stimulation of splenocytes showed a decrease in IL5 production. In summary; post-sensitization administration of scFOSlcFOS +  B. breve was effective in reducing allergic symptoms after allergen challenge. These effects coincided with changes in regulatory and effector T-cell subsets and increases in the SCFA propionic acid. These

  2. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP OF THE RED TIDE DINOFLAGELLATE GYMNODINIUM BREVE TO OTHER MEMBERS OF THE GENERA GYMNODINIUM AND GYRODINIUM

    Science.gov (United States)

    Phylogenetic relationships between the red-tide dinoflagellate Gymnodinium breve and other members of the genera Gymnodinium and Gyrodinium have not been studied at the molecular level. G. breve is most noted for its production of brevetoxin, which has been linked to extensive f...

  3. Metabolism of a plant derived galactose-containing polysaccharide by Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

    Science.gov (United States)

    O'Connell Motherway, Mary; Fitzgerald, Gerald F; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2011-05-01

    In this study, we describe the functional characterization of the Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 gal locus, which is dedicated to the utilization of galactan, a plant-derived polysaccharide. Using a combination of molecular approaches we conclude that the galA gene of B. breve UCC2003 encodes a β-1,4-endogalactanase producing galacto-oligosaccharides, which are specifically internalized by an ABC transport system, encoded by galBCDE, and which are then hydrolysed to galactose moieties by a dedicated intracellular β-galactosidase, specified by galG. The generated galactose molecules are presumed to be fed into the fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase pathway via the Leloir pathway, thereby allowing B. breve UCC2003 to use galactan as its sole carbon and energy source. In addition to these findings we demonstrate that GalR is a LacI-type DNA-binding protein, which not only appears to control transcription of the galCDEGR operon, but also that of the galA gene. © 2010 University College Cork. Journal compilation © 2010 Society for Applied Microbiology and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

  4. Notas sobre publicaciones medievales portuguesas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Luis MARTÍN

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available Contra lo que debiera suceder, la proximidad con Portugal no incita al conocimiento de su historia y son muy raros los manuales de Historia de España en los que se concede a la Edad Media Portuguesa la importancia que realmente tiene, y en los tratados de Historia Medieval Europea el espacio dedicado a Portugal es mínimo, al menos hasta la época de los Descubrimientos; por otra parte, son contados los medievalistas españoles que se interesan por la historia de Portugal. Ante estos silencios y ante la escasa presencia en las bibliotecas españolas de obras portuguesas el estudiante de historia puede pensar que el país vecino carece de medievalistas de relieve, que su historia medieval está por hacer... y nada más lejos de la realidad como intentaré probar en este breve comentario, sin ánimo exhaustivo, sobre algunas de las últimas publicaciones aparecidas en Portugal.

  5. The Effects of Bifidobacterium breve on Immune Mediators and Proteome of HT29 Cells Monolayers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Borja Sánchez

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available The use of beneficial microorganisms, the so-called probiotics, to improve human health is gaining popularity. However, not all of the probiotic strains trigger the same responses and they differ in their interaction with the host. In spite of the limited knowledge on mechanisms of action some of the probiotic effects seem to be exerted through maintenance of the gastrointestinal barrier function and modulation of the immune system. In the present work, we have addressed in vitro the response of the intestinal epithelial cell line HT29 to the strain Bifidobacterium breve IPLA20004. In the array of 84 genes involved in inflammation tested, the expression of 12 was modified by the bifidobacteria. The genes of chemokine CXCL6, the chemokine receptor CCR7, and, specially, the complement component C3 were upregulated. Indeed, HT29 cells cocultivated with B. breve produced significantly higher levels of protein C3a. The proteome of HT29 cells showed increased levels of cytokeratin-8 in the presence of B. breve. Altogether, it seems that B. breve IPLA20004 could favor the recruitment of innate immune cells to the mucosa reinforcing, as well as the physical barrier of the intestinal epithelium.

  6. Una reflexión crítica desde la agroecología sobre el dialogo de saberes, como necesidad impostergable en la formación de los ingenieros agrónomos

    OpenAIRE

    Larrañaga, Gustavo

    2015-01-01

    El presente trabajo es una reflexión crítica desde la Agroecologia sobre el dialogo de saberes desarrollado por nuestros profesionales universitarios, destacando esta práctica como necesidad impostergable en la formación de los Ingenieros Agrónomos, partiendo de un breve diagnóstico sobre la práctica de enseñanza universitaria, los diseños curriculares existentes y la formación de nuestros profesionales. Se analiza el posicionamiento generalizado de nuestros profesionales, frecuentemente auto...

  7. Post-sensitization administration of non-digestible oligosaccharides and Bifidobacterium breve M-16V reduces allergic symptoms in mice

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van Esch, Betty C A M; Abbring, Suzanne; Diks, Mara A P; Dingjan, Gemma M; Harthoorn, Lucien F; Vos, A Paul; Garssen, Johan

    To support dietary management of severe cow's milk allergic infants, a synbiotic mixture of non-digestible oligosaccharides and Bifidobacterium breve M-16V (B. breve) was designed from source materials that are completely cow's milk-free. It was investigated whether this specific synbiotic concept

  8. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Lactobacillus Rahmnosus and Bifidobacterium Breve on Cigarette Smoke Activated Human Macrophages

    OpenAIRE

    Mortaz, E; Adcock, IM; Ricciardolo, FLM; Varahram, M; Jamaati, H; Velayati, AA; Folkerts, G; Garssen, J

    2015-01-01

    BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global health problem with cigarette smoke (CS) as the main risk factor for its development. Airway inflammation in COPD involves the increased expression of inflammatory mediators such as CXCL-8 and IL-1β which are important mediators for neutrophil recruitment. Macrophages are an important source of these mediators in COPD. Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus) and Befidobacterium breve (B. breve) attenuate the development...

  9. Nota breve del editor y traductor de la «Ética nicomaquea»

    OpenAIRE

    Batalla, Josep

    2017-01-01

    Una breu exposició de les dificultats en l'edició de l'Ètica nicomaquea d'Aristòtil i una breu presentació del mode de resoldre-les escollit per l'editor. This note provides a summary explanation of the difficulties in editing the Nicomachean Ethics of Aristotle and a brief presentation of the way the editor has chosen to resolve them. Una breve exposición de las dificultades en la edición de la Ética nicomaquea de Aristóteles y una breve presentación del modo de resolverlas escogido po...

  10. Effect of Bifidobacterium breve M-16V supplementation on fecal bifidobacteria in preterm neonates--a randomised double blind placebo controlled trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patole, Sanjay; Keil, Anthony D; Chang, Annie; Nathan, Elizabeth; Doherty, Dorota; Simmer, Karen; Esvaran, Meera; Conway, Patricia

    2014-01-01

    Probiotic supplementation significantly reduces the risk of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and all cause mortality in preterm neonates. Independent quality assessment is important before introducing routine probiotic supplementation in this cohort. To assess product quality, and confirm that Bifidobacterium breve (B. breve) M-16V supplementation will increase fecal B. breve counts without adverse effects. Strain identity (16S rRNA gene sequencing), viability over 2 year shelf-life were confirmed, and microbial contamination of the product was ruled out. In a controlled trial preterm neonates (Gestation breve M-16V (3×109 cfu/day) or placebo (dextrin) supplementation until the corrected age 37 weeks. Stool samples were collected before (S1) and after 3 weeks of supplementation (S2) for studying fecal B. breve levels using quantitative PCR (Primary outcome). Secondary outcomes included total fecal bifidobacteria and NEC≥Stage II. Categorical and continuous outcomes were analysed using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests, and McNemar and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for paired comparisons. A total of 159 neonates (Probiotic: 79, Placebo: 80) were enrolled. Maternal and neonatal demographic characteristics were comparable between the groups. The proportion of neonates with detectable B. breve increased significantly post intervention: Placebo: [S1:2/66 (3%), S2: 25/66 (38%), pbreve counts in both groups were below detection (breve M-16V is a suitable probiotic strain for routine use in preterm neonates. Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN 12609000374268.

  11. Análisis teórico y experimental sobre seguridad en redes Wi-Fi

    OpenAIRE

    Romero Navarro, Fernando Pablo

    2014-01-01

    Este proyecto realiza un minucioso estudio sobre los mecanismos de seguridad que están disponibles para los dispositivos Wi-Fi, conforme a las especificaciones de la versión del estándar IEEE 802.11 publicada en el año 2007, incluyendo también una breve descripción de las debilidades y de los ataques más importantes que han sido descubiertos y que afectan a estos mecanismos de seguridad. En lo que respecta a la parte práctica, se documenta tanto el análisis como el diseño y se discusten cuest...

  12. Educação e ensino de História: a visão da cronista Rachel de Queiroz sobre o pós-guerra e a situação da mulher na Europa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Regma Maria Santos

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Este texto tem como objetivo apresentar a possibilidade de utilizar, no ensino de História, a crônica escrita por Rachel de Queiroz em jornais e revistas da primeira metade do século XX. Apresentamos antes uma breve biografia da autora, enfocando o contexto de sua produção, e depois realizamos uma breve análise da crônica selecionada, sinalizando oportunidades para trabalhar com os estudantes. Este documento oferece uma leitura pessoal sobre certos temas e também uma percepção histórica mais ampla e mais crítica do mundo.

  13. Global transcriptional landscape and promoter mapping of the gut commensal Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bottacini, Francesca; Zomer, Aldert; Milani, Christian; Ferrario, Chiara; Lugli, Gabriele Andrea; Egan, Muireann; Ventura, Marco; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2017-12-28

    Bifidobacterium breve represents a common member of the infant gut microbiota and its presence in the gut has been associated with host well being. For this reason it is relevant to investigate and understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the establishment, persistence and activities of this gut commensal in the host environment. The assessment of vegetative promoters in the bifidobacterial prototype Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 was performed employing a combination of RNA tiling array analysis and cDNA sequencing. Canonical -10 (TATAAT) and -35 (TTGACA) sequences were identified upstream of transcribed genes or operons, where deviations from this consensus correspond to transcription level variations. A Random Forest analysis assigned the -10 region of B. breve promoters as the element most impacting on the level of transcription, followed by the spacer length and the 5'-UTR length of transcripts. Furthermore, our transcriptome study also identified rho-independent termination as the most common and effective termination signal of highly and moderately transcribed operons in B. breve. The present study allowed us to identify genes and operons that are actively transcribed in this organism during logarithmic growth, and link promoter elements with levels of transcription of essential genes in this organism. As homologs of many of our identified genes are present across the whole genus Bifidobacterium, our dataset constitutes a transcriptomic reference to be used for future investigations of gene expression in members of this genus.

  14. CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE AS AÇÕES COLETIVAS PASSIVAS NO BRASIL E NA INGLATERRA: UM BREVE ESTUDO COMPARADO

    OpenAIRE

    Neto, Zaiden Geraige; Bulos, Jaime Leandro; Lima, Marcelo Augusto de Toledo

    2014-01-01

    O presente artigo visa traçar um paralelo sobre o instituto das ações coletivas passivas no Brasil e na Inglaterra, demonstrando assim as semelhanças e diferenças existentes em cada país sobre a aplicação de referido instituto, bem como as suas vantagens e desvantagens em nosso ordenamento diante do contexto jurídico da atualidade.

  15. Effect of temperature on the proliferation of Gymnodinium breve and Gomphosphaeria aponina

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Eng-Wilmot, D.L.; Hitchcock, W.S.; Martin, D.F.

    1977-01-01

    The effect of temperature on the growth and proliferation of two marine microorganisms, the toxigenic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium breve, and a potential bio-control organism, the blue-green alga Gomphosphaeria aponina, was determined by culturing the organisms in thermal gradients established by heating and cooling the opposite ends of an aluminum bar that had been adapted to hold culture tubes. Gradients were linear and stable for the duration of each trial. There was no relationship between variations in light and growth of the organisms. Gymnodinium breve showed optimum growth at 22/sup 0/C, and prolifereated over a range of temperatures (17/sup 0/ to 30/sup 0/C). Below 17/sup 0/C cultures of G. breve declined in growth, and at 4/sup 0/C the organisms died within 5 h. Above 31/sup 0/C there was rapid decline in viability of cells, and at 33.5/sup 0/C the organism died within 24 h. Gomphosphaeria aponina showed optimum growth between 24/sup 0/ and 29/sup 0/C, with a maximum at 27/sup 0/C. Growth at temperatures greater than 31/sup 0/C was minimal, but the organism survived. Limitation may be due to repression of the bio-synthesis of an iron-transport compound.

  16. Effect of Bifidobacterium breve M-16V supplementation on fecal bifidobacteria in preterm neonates--a randomised double blind placebo controlled trial.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sanjay Patole

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Probiotic supplementation significantly reduces the risk of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC and all cause mortality in preterm neonates. Independent quality assessment is important before introducing routine probiotic supplementation in this cohort. AIM: To assess product quality, and confirm that Bifidobacterium breve (B. breve M-16V supplementation will increase fecal B. breve counts without adverse effects. METHODS AND PARTICIPANTS: Strain identity (16S rRNA gene sequencing, viability over 2 year shelf-life were confirmed, and microbial contamination of the product was ruled out. In a controlled trial preterm neonates (Gestation <33 weeks ready to commence or on feeds for <12 hours were randomly allocated to either B. breve M-16V (3×109 cfu/day or placebo (dextrin supplementation until the corrected age 37 weeks. Stool samples were collected before (S1 and after 3 weeks of supplementation (S2 for studying fecal B. breve levels using quantitative PCR (Primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included total fecal bifidobacteria and NEC≥Stage II. Categorical and continuous outcomes were analysed using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests, and McNemar and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for paired comparisons. RESULTS: A total of 159 neonates (Probiotic: 79, Placebo: 80 were enrolled. Maternal and neonatal demographic characteristics were comparable between the groups. The proportion of neonates with detectable B. breve increased significantly post intervention: Placebo: [S1:2/66 (3%, S2: 25/66 (38%, p<0.001] Probiotic: [S1: 29/74 (40%, S2: 67/74 (91%, p<0.001]. Median S1 B. breve counts in both groups were below detection (<4.7 log cells x g(-1, increasing significantly in S2 for the probiotic group (log 8.6 while remaining <4.7 log in the control group (p<0.001. There were no adverse effects including probiotic sepsis and no deaths. NEC≥Stage II occurred in only 1 neonate (placebo group. CONCLUSION: B. breve M-16V is a suitable probiotic

  17. A GntR-type transcriptional repressor controls sialic acid utilization in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Egan, Muireann; O'Connell Motherway, Mary; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2015-02-01

    Bifidobacterium breve strains are numerically prevalent among the gut microbiota of healthy, breast-fed infants. The metabolism of sialic acid, a ubiquitous monosaccharide in the infant and adult gut, by B. breve UCC2003 is dependent on a large gene cluster, designated the nan/nag cluster. This study describes the transcriptional regulation of the nan/nag cluster and thus sialic acid metabolism in B. breve UCC2003. Insertion mutagenesis and transcriptome analysis revealed that the nan/nag cluster is regulated by a GntR family transcriptional repressor, designated NanR. Crude cell extract of Escherichia coli EC101 in which the nanR gene had been cloned and overexpressed was shown to bind to two promoter regions within this cluster, each of which containing an imperfect inverted repeat that is believed to act as the NanR operator sequence. Formation of the DNA-NanR complex is prevented in the presence of sialic acid, which we had previously shown to induce transcription of this gene cluster. © FEMS 2014. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  18. Extraction of the same novel homoglycan mixture from two different strains of Bifidobacterium animalis and three strains of Bifidobacterium breve.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alhudhud, M; Sadiq, S; Ngo, H N; Hidalgo-Cantabrana, C; Ruas-Madiedo, P; van Sinderen, D; Humphreys, P N; Laws, A P

    2018-04-26

    Three strains of Bifidobacterium breve (JCM 7017, JCM 7019 and JCM 2258) and two strains of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (AD011 and A1dOxR) were grown in broth cultures or on plates, and a standard exopolysaccharide extraction method was used in an attempt to recover exocellular polysaccharides. When the extracted materials were analysed by NMR it was clear that mixtures of polysaccharides were being isolated including exopolysaccharides (EPS) cell wall polysaccharides and intracellular polysaccharides. Treatment of the cell biomass from the B. breve strains, or the B. animalis subsp. lactis AD011 strain, with aqueous sodium hydroxide provided a very similar mixture of polysaccharides but without the EPS. The different polysaccharides were partially fractionated by selective precipitation from an aqueous solution upon the addition of increasing percentages of ethanol. The polysaccharides extracted from B. breve JCM 7017 grown in HBM media supplemented with glucose (or isotopically labelled D-glucose-1- 13 C) were characterised using 1D and 2D-NMR spectroscopy. Addition of one volume of ethanol generated a medium molecular weight glycogen (Mw=1×10 5 Da, yield 200 mg/l). The addition of two volumes of ethanol precipitated an intimate mixture of a low molecular weight β-(1→6)-glucan and a low molecular weight β-(1→6)-galactofuranan which could not be separated (combined yield 46 mg/l). When labelled D-glucose-1- 13 C was used as a carbon supplement, the label was incorporated into >95% of the anomeric carbons of each polysaccharide confirming they were being synthesised in situ. Similar 1 H NMR profiles were obtained for polysaccharides recovered from the cells of B. animalis subsp. lactis AD011and A1dOxR (in combination with an EPS), B. breve JCM 7017, B. breve JCM 7019, B. breve JCM 2258 and from an EPS (-ve) mutant of B. breve 7017 (a non-EPS producer).

  19. Bifidobacterium breve with α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid alters fatty acid metabolism in the maternal separation model of irritable bowel syndrome.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eoin Barrett

    Full Text Available The aim of this study was to compare the impact of dietary supplementation with a Bifidobacterium breve strain together with linoleic acid & α-linolenic acid, for 7 weeks, on colonic sensitivity and fatty acid metabolism in rats. Maternally separated and non-maternally separated Sprague Dawley rats (n = 15 were orally gavaged with either B. breve DPC6330 (10(9 microorganisms/day alone or in combination with 0.5% (w/w linoleic acid & 0.5% (w/w α-linolenic acid, daily for 7 weeks and compared with trehalose and bovine serum albumin. Tissue fatty acid composition was assessed by gas-liquid chromatography and visceral hypersensitivity was assessed by colorectal distension. Significant differences in the fatty acid profiles of the non-separated controls and maternally separated controls were observed for α-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid in the liver, oleic acid and eicosenoic acid (c11 in adipose tissue, and for palmitoleic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in serum (p<0.05. Administration of B. breve DPC6330 to MS rats significantly increased palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in the liver, eicosenoic acid (c11 in adipose tissue and palmitoleic acid in the prefrontal cortex (p<0.05, whereas feeding B. breve DPC6330 to non separated rats significantly increased eicosapentaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid in serum (p<0.05 compared with the NS un-supplemented controls. Administration of B. breve DPC6330 in combination with linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid to maternally separated rats significantly increased docosapentaenoic acid in the serum (p<0.01 and α-linolenic acid in adipose tissue (p<0.001, whereas feeding B. breve DPC6330 with fatty acid supplementation to non-separated rats significantly increased liver and serum docosapentaenoic acid (p<0.05, and α-linolenic acid in adipose tissue (p<0.001. B. breve DPC6330 influenced host fatty acid metabolism. Administration of B. breve DPC6330 to maternally separated

  20. Efectos de los ejercicios de Pilates sobre el volumen muscular en la región lumbo-pélvica

    OpenAIRE

    López Gordillo, Ana María

    2013-01-01

    Programa de doctorado: Actividad física, salud y rendimiento deportivo [ES] Esta tesis doctoral consta de tres partes. Una primera parte dedicada a la introducción donde se hace una breve referencia a los antecedentes históricos del Método Pilates. Una segunda parte de fundamentación teórica donde se describe la bibliografía científica relacionada con los estudios de investigación sobre el Método Pilates. Finalmente, la tercera parte dedicada al estudio de investigación cuyo objetivo fue d...

  1. Yahweh’s ‘lord’ and Unrestrained Evil: An Exegesis of Psalm 110

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aran J.E. Persaud

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available This article consists of an exegetical investigation of Psalm 110 and assumes that the psalms function in one sense as prayers, which can be prayed authentically by modern worshippers. Consequently, the specific images of hostile acts of war present a challenge as prayer. The methodology involves the investigation of the text from a grammatico-historical perspective by using selected sources from the 19th century to the present. The meaning of the violent images of enmity and the defining characteristics of the enemy are determined through understanding the perceived suffering of the psalmist. Special attention is given to the role of the phrase םֻאְנָּהוהְי, the identification of יִֹנדַאל and defining the enemy. The conclusions of the exegesis support a more traditional interpretation of יִֹנדַאל and characterise the recalcitrant enemies in an eschatological framework. Jahwe se ‘heer’ en onbeteuelde boosheid: ’n Eksegese van Psalm 110. Hierdie artikel is ’n eksegetiese ondersoek van Psalm 110 en gaan van die veronderstelling uit dat die psalms in ’n sekere sin gebede is wat deur moderne gelowiges gebid kan word. Die spesifieke uitbeeldings van vyandige oorlogsdade stel egter ’n uitdaging aan dié gebed. Die metodologie behels die ondersoek van die teks vanuit ’n grammaties-historiese perspektief deur uitgesoekte bronne vanaf die negentiende eeu tot tans te gebruik. Die betekenis van die geweldadige uitbeelding van vyandigheid en die omskrywende karaktertrekke van die vyand word bepaal deur die verstaan van die waarneembare lyding van die psalmskrywer. Daar word besondere aandag gegee aan die rol van die frase ָהוְהיּםֻאְנ, die eiening van יִֹנדַאל en die omskrywing van die vyand. Die slotsom van die eksegesis ondersteun ’n meer tradisionele interpretasie van יִֹנדַאל en tipeer die onversetlike vyand in ’n eskatalogiese raamwerk.

  2. Ability of Bifidobacterium breve to grow on different types of milk: exploring the metabolism of milk through genome analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Turroni, Francesca; Foroni, Elena; Serafini, Fausta; Viappiani, Alice; Montanini, Barbara; Bottacini, Francesca; Ferrarini, Alberto; Bacchini, Pier Luigi; Rota, Claudio; Delledonne, Massimo; Ottonello, Simone; van Sinderen, Douwe; Ventura, Marco

    2011-10-01

    We have investigated the occurrence of bifidobacteria in human milk samples, and we provide evidence regarding the predominance of members of the Bifidobacterium breve species in this environment. Moreover, evaluation of the growth capabilities and transcriptomic analyses of one representative isolate of this species, i.e., B. breve 4L, on different milk types were performed.

  3. Glycoside hydrolase family 13 α-glucosidases encoded by Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003; A comparative analysis of function, structure and phylogeny.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kelly, Emer D; Bottacini, Francesca; O'Callaghan, John; Motherway, Mary O'Connell; O'Connell, Kerry Joan; Stanton, Catherine; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2016-05-02

    Bifidobacterium breve is a noted inhabitant and one of the first colonizers of the human gastro intestinal tract (GIT). The ability of this bacterium to persist in the GIT is reflected by the abundance of carbohydrate-active enzymes that are encoded by its genome. One such family of enzymes is represented by the α-glucosidases, of which three, Agl1, Agl2 and MelD, have previously been identified and characterized in the prototype B. breve strain UCC2003. In this report, we describe an additional B. breve UCC2003-encoded α-glucosidase, along with a B. breve UCC2003-encoded α-glucosidase-like protein, designated here as Agl3 and Agl4, respectively, which together with the three previously described enzymes belong to glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 13. Agl3 was shown to exhibit hydrolytic specificity towards the α-(1→6) linkage present in palatinose; the α-(1→3) linkage present in turanose; the α-(1→4) linkages found in maltotriose and maltose; and to a lesser degree, the α-(1→2) linkage found in sucrose and kojibiose; and the α-(1→5) linkage found in leucrose. Surprisingly, based on the substrates analyzed, Agl4 did not exhibit biologically relevant α-glucosidic activity. With the presence of four functionally active GH13 α-glucosidases, B. breve UCC2003 is capable of hydrolyzing all α-glucosidic linkages that can be expected in glycan substrates in the lower GIT. This abundance of α-glucosidases provides B. breve UCC2003 with an adaptive ability and metabolic versatility befitting the transient nature of growth substrates in the GIT. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  4. Is Bifidobacterium breve effective in the treatment of childhood constipation? Results from a pilot study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tabbers, M M; de Milliano, I; Roseboom, M G; Benninga, M A

    2011-02-23

    Probiotics are increasingly used in the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Studies in constipated adults with a Bifidus yoghurt (containing Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus) showed a significant increase in defecation frequency. The aim of this pilot study was to determine if Bifidobacterium breve is effective in the treatment of childhood constipation. Children, 3 to 16 years of age, with functional constipation according to the Rome III criteria were eligible for this study. During 4 weeks, children received one sachet of powder daily, containing 108- 1010 CFU Bifidobacterium breve. Furthermore, children were instructed to try to defecate on the toilet for 5-10 minutes after each meal and to complete a standardized bowel diary daily. The primary outcome measure was change in defecation frequency. Secondary outcome measures were stool consistency using the Bristol stool scale frequency of episodes of faecal incontinence, pain during defecation, frequency of abdominal pain, frequency of adverse effects (nausea, diarrhoea and bad taste), and frequency of intake of bisacodyl. Twenty children (75% male, mean age 7.4) were included in this pilot study. The defecation frequency per week significantly increased from 0.9 (0-2) at baseline to 4.9 (0-21) in week 4 (p Bifidobacterium breve is effective in increasing stool frequency in children with functional constipation. Furthermore it has a positive effect with respect to stool consistency, decreasing the number of faecal incontinence episodes and in diminishing abdominal pain. A randomized placebo controlled trial is required to confirm these data.

  5. Is Bifidobacterium breve effective in the treatment of childhood constipation? Results from a pilot study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roseboom MG

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Probiotics are increasingly used in the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Studies in constipated adults with a Bifidus yoghurt (containing Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus showed a significant increase in defecation frequency. The aim of this pilot study was to determine if Bifidobacterium breve is effective in the treatment of childhood constipation. Methods Children, 3 to 16 years of age, with functional constipation according to the Rome III criteria were eligible for this study. During 4 weeks, children received one sachet of powder daily, containing 108- 1010 CFU Bifidobacterium breve. Furthermore, children were instructed to try to defecate on the toilet for 5-10 minutes after each meal and to complete a standardized bowel diary daily. The primary outcome measure was change in defecation frequency. Secondary outcome measures were stool consistency using the Bristol stool scale frequency of episodes of faecal incontinence, pain during defecation, frequency of abdominal pain, frequency of adverse effects (nausea, diarrhoea and bad taste, and frequency of intake of bisacodyl. Results Twenty children (75% male, mean age 7.4 were included in this pilot study. The defecation frequency per week significantly increased from 0.9 (0-2 at baseline to 4.9 (0-21 in week 4 (p Conclusion Bifidobacterium breve is effective in increasing stool frequency in children with functional constipation. Furthermore it has a positive effect with respect to stool consistency, decreasing the number of faecal incontinence episodes and in diminishing abdominal pain. A randomized placebo controlled trial is required to confirm these data.

  6. Podemos, de la invisibilidad a la sobre-exposición

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    Victor Sampedro

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available El éxito comunicativo de Podemos es un ejemplo de cómo aplicar las teorías de lahegemonía ideológica que analizaron sus líderes académicos. Su estrategia mediática consiste en una combinación secuencial y simbiótica de producción audiovisual propia,viralización en redes digitales, y presencia en medios y formatos convencionales mayoritarios, como la tertulia televisiva. Sus limitaciones muestran la importancia de la economía política de los medios convencionales, aún mayoritarios entre la audiencia y decisivos para disputar la hegemonía. En un breve periodo de tiempo la joven formación política ha pasado de la invisibilidad a la sobre-exposición negativa.

  7. El 40 aniversario del INECOL. Algunas reflexiones sobre una destacada institución científica mexicana

    OpenAIRE

    Zunino, Mario

    2016-01-01

    Resumen: Se presentan algunas reflexiones acerca del INECOL (Instituto de Ecología A.C., Xalapa, México) a cuarenta años de su fundación en la Ciudad de México, su sucesivo traslado a Xalapa y, algunos meses después de la publicación de un libro sobre su historia. Un breve sumario de algunos acontecimientos de especial importancia en la vida y el desarrollo del Instituto, está acompañado de una evaluación de la importancia internacional de las actividades de investigación y formación académic...

  8. “Cara ou coroa”: uma provocação sobre educação para índios

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    Maria Helena Paes Rodrigues

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available O artigo apresenta-se como espaço de reflexão e algumas provocações sobre o “fazer” em educação indígena, tendo como foco de discussão a atual configuração de mundo globalizado que, com o crescente uso da tecnologia, fragiliza fronteiras entre as mais diferentes comunidades. Neste sentido, apresenta uma breve discussão sobre a compreensão de cultura, sob a perspectiva do campo dos Estudos Culturais, destacando a constituição de culturas e identidades híbridas. Localizando a escola enquanto espaço e instituição legitimada de construção e transmissão de verdades e valores simbólicos, discute a função e importância desta para as comunidades indígenas. Assim, levantam-se alguns questionamentos sobre as “verdades” e “valores” dos modelos de escola necessária propostos pelos não-índios para as comunidades indígenas.

  9. Preclinical Immunomodulation by the Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve M-16V in Early Life.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rigo-Adrover, Maria Del Mar; Franch, Àngels; Castell, Margarida; Pérez-Cano, Francisco José

    2016-01-01

    This study aimed to investigate the effect of supplementation with the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve M-16V on the maturation of the intestinal and circulating immune system during suckling. In order to achieve this purpose, neonatal Lewis rats were supplemented with the probiotic strain from the 6th to the 18th day of life. The animals were weighed during the study, and faecal samples were obtained and evaluated daily. On day 19, rats were euthanized and intestinal wash samples, mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells, splenocytes and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) were obtained. The probiotic supplementation in early life did not modify the growth curve and did not enhance the systemic immune maturation. However, it increased the proportion of cells bearing TLR4 in the MLN and IEL, and enhanced the percentage of the integrin αEβ7+ and CD62L+ cells in the MLN and that of the integrin αEβ7+ cells in the IEL, suggesting an enhancement of the homing process of naïve T lymphocytes to the MLN, and the retention of activated lymphocytes in the intraepithelial compartment. Interestingly, B. breve M-16V enhanced the intestinal IgA synthesis. In conclusion, supplementation with the probiotic strain B. breve M-16V during suckling improves the development of mucosal immunity in early life.

  10. Preclinical Immunomodulation by the Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve M-16V in Early Life.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Del Mar Rigo-Adrover

    Full Text Available This study aimed to investigate the effect of supplementation with the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve M-16V on the maturation of the intestinal and circulating immune system during suckling. In order to achieve this purpose, neonatal Lewis rats were supplemented with the probiotic strain from the 6th to the 18th day of life. The animals were weighed during the study, and faecal samples were obtained and evaluated daily. On day 19, rats were euthanized and intestinal wash samples, mesenteric lymph node (MLN cells, splenocytes and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL were obtained. The probiotic supplementation in early life did not modify the growth curve and did not enhance the systemic immune maturation. However, it increased the proportion of cells bearing TLR4 in the MLN and IEL, and enhanced the percentage of the integrin αEβ7+ and CD62L+ cells in the MLN and that of the integrin αEβ7+ cells in the IEL, suggesting an enhancement of the homing process of naïve T lymphocytes to the MLN, and the retention of activated lymphocytes in the intraepithelial compartment. Interestingly, B. breve M-16V enhanced the intestinal IgA synthesis. In conclusion, supplementation with the probiotic strain B. breve M-16V during suckling improves the development of mucosal immunity in early life.

  11. Bifidobacterium breve as a delivery vector of IL-24 gene therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in vivo.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, L; Vuletic, I; Deng, D; Crielaard, W; Xie, Z; Zhou, K; Zhang, J; Sun, H; Ren, Q; Guo, C

    2017-11-01

    Beneficial bacteria are becoming ever more popular gene delivery method for hypoxia-tumor targeting in vivo. In this study we investigated the therapeutic effect of new recombinant Bifidobacterium breve strain expressing interleukin (IL)-24 gene (B. breve-IL24) on head and neck tumor xenograft in mice. Briefly, B. breve transformants were obtained through electro-transformation. Bacteria-tumor-targeting ability were analyzed in vivo over different time points (1, 3 and 7 days post-bacteria injection). Furthermore, the therapeutic effect of bacteria on tumor cells in vivo were analyzed as follows: 30 Balb/c nude mice bearing subcutaneous tumor were randomly divided in three groups (Drug group, green fluorescent protein (GFP) group and Saline group). The therapy lasted for 2 weeks and included B. breve-IL24 administration via tail vein for Drug group, B. breve-GFP for GFP group and phosphate buffered saline for Saline group. The tumor growth was monitored using standard caliper technique, while the apoptosis induction in vivo was analyzed by Real-time Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) imaging ([18F]-ML-10 tracer). At the end of the experiment, tumor tissues were collected and analyzed by western blotting. Briefly, our results suggested that our new recombinant bacterium has the capability of targeting tumor tissue in vivo. As for the therapeutic effect, our new strain has revealed to be a promising therapeutic approach against tumor growth in vivo. Briefly, higher tumor growth inhibition and higher tumor cell apoptosis induction were observed in Drug group compared with the GFP and Saline groups. To conclude, a new recombinant strain B. breve-IL24 offers a novel, safe and clinically acceptable therapeutic approach for tumor therapy in vivo.

  12. A conserved two-component signal transduction system controls the response to phosphate starvation in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alvarez-Martin, Pablo; Fernández, Matilde; O'Connell-Motherway, Mary; O'Connell, Kerry Joan; Sauvageot, Nicolas; Fitzgerald, Gerald F; MacSharry, John; Zomer, Aldert; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2012-08-01

    This work reports on the identification and molecular characterization of the two-component regulatory system (2CRS) PhoRP, which controls the response to inorganic phosphate (P(i)) starvation in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. The response regulator PhoP was shown to bind to the promoter region of pstSCAB, specifying a predicted P(i) transporter system, as well as that of phoU, which encodes a putative P(i)-responsive regulatory protein. This interaction is assumed to cause transcriptional modulation under conditions of P(i) limitation. Our data suggest that the phoRP genes are subject to positive autoregulation and, together with pstSCAB and presumably phoU, represent the complete regulon controlled by the phoRP-encoded 2CRS in B. breve UCC2003. Determination of the minimal PhoP binding region combined with bioinformatic analysis revealed the probable recognition sequence of PhoP, designated here as the PHO box, which together with phoRP is conserved among many high-GC-content Gram-positive bacteria. The importance of the phoRP 2CRS in the response of B. breve to P(i) starvation conditions was confirmed by analysis of a B. breve phoP insertion mutant which exhibited decreased growth under phosphate-limiting conditions compared to its parent strain UCC2003.

  13. UN BREVE PANORAMA GENERAL SOBRE LAS INTERVENCIONES DE LOS SISTEMAS: ADELGAZAMIENTO DE LA ESTRUCTURA ORGANIZACIONAL

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    Carlos Rodeiro

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Este documento tiene dos propósitos. Por un lado, se trata de revisar los diferentes enfoques hacia el problema del adelgazamiento de la estructura organizacional y sus efectos en el desempeño de una empresa. Es necesario prestar especial atención a la perspectiva socio-cognoscitiva propuesta por McKinley, Zhao y Rust (2000 y el enfoque de red seleccionado por Shah (2000 para comprender las perturbaciones que puede ocasionar el adelgazamiento de la estructura organizacional. Por otro lado, mi intención es contribuir a expandir la comprensión acerca del efecto de las intervenciones de los sistemas tanto en el desempeño de la empresa como en la conducta de cada persona. El cuerpo de esta revisión es el siguiente: Primero, comienzo por definir adelgazamiento de la estructura organizacional y hablar sobre las perspectivas que se usan para explicar los efectos del adelgazamiento (por ejemplo perspectivas económicas, institucionales y socio-cognoscitivas. Luego me desplazo hacia la literatura que trata sobre las consecuencias más comunes del adelgazamiento de la estructura organizacional, al igual que otros puntos de vista referentes a la relación entre a adelgazamiento y capacidad de aprendizaje organizacional, b adelgazamiento y entorno laboral para la creatividad, y c adelgazamiento y motivación laboral. Enseguida, considero las reacciones de los sobrevivientes a los procesos de adelgazamiento bajo una perspectiva de red. Finalmente, expongo algunas ideas para posterior investigación.

  14. Ability of Bifidobacterium breve To Grow on Different Types of Milk: Exploring the Metabolism of Milk through Genome Analysis ▿

    Science.gov (United States)

    Turroni, Francesca; Foroni, Elena; Serafini, Fausta; Viappiani, Alice; Montanini, Barbara; Bottacini, Francesca; Ferrarini, Alberto; Bacchini, Pier Luigi; Rota, Claudio; Delledonne, Massimo; Ottonello, Simone; van Sinderen, Douwe; Ventura, Marco

    2011-01-01

    We have investigated the occurrence of bifidobacteria in human milk samples, and we provide evidence regarding the predominance of members of the Bifidobacterium breve species in this environment. Moreover, evaluation of the growth capabilities and transcriptomic analyses of one representative isolate of this species, i.e., B. breve 4L, on different milk types were performed. PMID:21856831

  15. The probiotic Bifidobacterium breve B632 inhibited the growth of Enterobacteriaceae within colicky infant microbiota cultures.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Simone, Marta; Gozzoli, Caterina; Quartieri, Andrea; Mazzola, Giuseppe; Di Gioia, Diana; Amaretti, Alberto; Raimondi, Stefano; Rossi, Maddalena

    2014-01-01

    Infant colic is a common gastrointestinal disorder of newborns, mostly related to imbalances in the composition of gut microbiota and particularly to the presence of gas-producing coliforms and to lower levels of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli. Probiotics could help to contain this disturbance, with formulations consisting of Lactobacillus strains being the most utilized. In this work, the probiotic strain Bifidobacterium breve B632 that was specifically selected for its ability to inhibit gas-producing coliforms, was challenged against the Enterobacteriaceae within continuous cultures of microbiota from a 2-month-old colicky infant. As confirmed by RAPD-PCR fingerprinting, B. breve B632 persisted in probiotic-supplemented microbiota cultures, accounting for the 64% of Bifidobacteria at the steady state. The probiotic succeeded in inhibiting coliforms, since FISH and qPCR revealed that the amount of Enterobacteriaceae after 18 h of cultivation was 0.42 and 0.44 magnitude orders lower (P breve B632 to a cohort of colicky newborns, in order to observe the behavior of this strain in vivo and to validate its effect in colic treatment.

  16. Benefits of Bifidobacterium breve M-16V Supplementation in Preterm Neonates - A Retrospective Cohort Study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patole, Sanjay K; Rao, Shripada C; Keil, Anthony D; Nathan, Elizabeth A; Doherty, Dorota A; Simmer, Karen N

    2016-01-01

    Systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials report that probiotics reduce the risk of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm neonates. To determine whether routine probiotic supplementation (RPS) to preterm neonates would reduce the incidence of NEC. The incidence of NEC ≥ Stage II and all-cause mortality was compared for an equal period of 24 months 'before' (Epoch 1) and 'after' (Epoch 2) RPS with Bifidobacterium breve M-16V in neonates Bifidobacterium breve M-16V was associated with decreased NEC≥ Stage II and 'NEC≥ Stage II or all-cause mortality' in neonates <34 weeks. Large sample size is required to assess the potential benefits of RPS in neonates <28 weeks.

  17. Bifidobacterium breve B-3 exerts metabolic syndrome-suppressing effects in the liver of diet-induced obese mice: a DNA microarray analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kondo, S; Kamei, A; Xiao, J Z; Iwatsuki, K; Abe, K

    2013-09-01

    We previously reported that supplementation with Bifidobacterium breve B-3 reduced body weight gain and accumulation of visceral fat in a dose-dependent manner, and improved serum levels of total cholesterol, glucose and insulin in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. In this study, we investigated the expression of genes in the liver using DNA microarray analysis and q-PCR to reveal the mechanism of these anti-obesity effects in this mouse model. Administration of B. breve B-3 led to regulated gene expression of pathways involved in lipid metabolism and response to stress. The results indicate that these regulations in the liver are related to the anti-metabolic syndrome effects of B. breve B-3.

  18. El Sistema de Registro de Información sobre Drogas: Un auxiliar diagnóstico en la evaluación de la farmacodependencia

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    GALVÁN- REYES JORGE

    1997-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo dar a conocer la utilidad del Sistema de Registro de Información sobre Drogas como fuente diagnóstica importante para la evaluación del fenómeno de la farmacodependencia en la Ciudad de México. Incluye una breve descripción del soporte metodológico de este sistema, se presentan de manera sintetizada algunos de sus resultados y se discute la importancia de sus datos como material de apoyo para el establecimiento de políticas en materia de investigación y prevención del problema. Se comentan las ventajas de contar con un sistema de este tipo sobre todo porque en nuestro país no existe un sistema de notificación obligatoria de uso de drogas.

  19. Satellite growth of Legionella pneumophila with an environmental isolate of Flavobacterium breve.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wadowsky, R M; Yee, R B

    1983-12-01

    Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 was observed to satellite around colonies of Flavobacterium breve on an L-cysteine-deficient medium which did not support growth of legionellae. Both isolates were recovered from the hot water tanks of hospitals. Ferric PPi stimulated satellite growth between 0.01 and 0.1%.

  20. Satellite growth of Legionella pneumophila with an environmental isolate of Flavobacterium breve.

    OpenAIRE

    Wadowsky, R M; Yee, R B

    1983-01-01

    Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 was observed to satellite around colonies of Flavobacterium breve on an L-cysteine-deficient medium which did not support growth of legionellae. Both isolates were recovered from the hot water tanks of hospitals. Ferric PPi stimulated satellite growth between 0.01 and 0.1%.

  1. Museus e diversidade sexual: reflexões sobre mostras LGBT e QUEER

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    Renato Pinto

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Esta breve reflexão está focada no tema das exibições em museus que buscam mostrar artefatos, a história e a memória de grupos LGBT-Q (lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, transgêneros e queer. Interessa-me relatar – sem a pretensão de acentuado aprofundamento nas discussões teóricas ou de exaustiva apresentação de exemplos – algumas das inquietudes e soluções criativas que se apresentam aos curadores e organizadores de mostras que contenham acervo erótico ou de cunho sexual que possam ser associados aos grupos LGBT-Q, inclusive mostras sobre a Antiguidade. Parte desta reflexão é resultado de um trabalho que desenvolvo desde o inicio de meu doutoramento no campo da História Cultural.

  2. Breve histórico do pensamento psicológico brasileiro sobre relações étnico-raciais

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    Alessandro de Oliveira dos Santos

    Full Text Available O artigo descreve três momentos do pensamento psicológico brasileiro sobre relações étnicoraciais no final do século XIX e no início do século XX, caracterizado pela consolidação da Escola Nina Rodrigues, que investiga características psicológicas dos escravos e ex-escravos e fornece elementos para a configuração do negro como sujeito psicológico; o período de 1930 até 1950 é caracterizado pelo debate da construção sociocultural das diferenças e da desconstrução do determinismo biológico das raças, e o período de 1990 em diante, pelos estudos sobre branqueamento e branquitude. Utilizando a perspectiva histórica, foi possível traçar uma linha no tempo identificando esses momentos de ruptura e de configuração de novos saberes em Psicologia: biológico-causal, culturalista e relacional. A construção dessa linha no tempo configura uma tentativa de trazer para o campo da Psicologia uma outra perspectiva de discussão da temática étnico-racial, repensando o papel dos modelos e das teorias psicológicas.

  3. Discovering novel bile protection systems in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 through functional genomics.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ruiz, L.; Zomer, A.L.; O'Connell-Motherway, M.; Sinderen, D. van; Margolles, A.

    2012-01-01

    Tolerance of gut commensals to bile salt exposure is an important feature for their survival in and colonization of the intestinal environment. A transcriptomic approach was employed to study the response of Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 to bile, allowing the identification of a number of

  4. ALGUMAS CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE O ZONEAMENTO URBANO: O EXEMPLO DO MUNICIPIO DE GANDU-BA

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    Ecirio Barreto Santos de Oliveira

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Resumo O presente trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma breve análise sobre o zoneamento do espaço urbano do Município de Gandu. Esse debate sobre o zoneamento no contexto do planejamento urbano foi enfatizado a partir da ótica das Ciências Sociais, mas precisamente por meio da análise geográfica. Para tanto, os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados para a materialização desse trabalho pautaram-se basicamente no levantamento de referenciais teóricos, com base na análise de obras que trabalham com este tema e a pesquisa cartográfica. Posteriormente, realizou-se o levantamento documental, no qual se realizou visita a Secretária de Infraestrutura Urbana do Município de Gandu para coletar o Plano Diretor Urbano dessa supracitada unidade federativa. Após isso, analisou o mapa do zoneamento urbano contido no Plano Diretor Municipal de Gandu, no qual ficou constatado que o zoneamento do espaço urbano de Gandu é de cunho funcionalista.

  5. Chrysostom’s exegesis of the Gospel according to St. Matthew

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    Arkadiusz Baron

    2008-06-01

    is the person of Jesus. The prime purpose of Matthew’s Gospel is to reveal the unconditional love of God for each human being. Homilies on Matthew are completely apolitical. Chrysostom never even mentions governors or political situations. Similarly, he does not speak about ecclesiastical canons of councils of Antioch from the fourth century. He is only interested in how to explain the best way to all the listeners the Good News that Jesus has brought on earth. At the end, Fr. Baron gives some examples of Chrysostom’s exegesis: Mt 12: 33-37; 10: 32; 28: 1-3 and Homily on Matthew 85, 3-4.

  6. Miradas fragmentarias: sobre los desnudos en la obra fotográfica de Norma Patiño

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    Raymundo Mier

    2003-06-01

    Full Text Available Este texto (en realidad un conjunto de breves textos pretende una aproximación a las fotografías de Norma Patiño a partir de la conjunción de tres puntos de vista: una reflexión sobre el objeto y el acto fotográficos, una reflexión sobre la condición significativa de mirada y sus límites en la aprehensión del cuerpo con el espectro de sus sentidos, y una reflexión sobre los sentidos de la experiencia corporal y la desnudez en el dominio del erotismo. Las diversas series fotográficas de Norma Patiño, que exploran por distintas vías estas tres esferas de la significación del cuerpo y la fuerza icónica de imagen fotográfica, emplean y recrean una vastedad de recursos estéticos en la tradición los desnudos fotográficos, pero también hacen visibles sus límites, sus fracturas, hace patente las tensiones a la deriva en la aprehensión de la corporalidad y en las aporías de la representación del cuerpo y del juego de la transgresión.

  7. Bifidobacterium breve - HT-29 cell line interaction: modulation of TNF-a induced gene expression

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Boesten, R.J.; Vos, de W.M.; Schuren, F.H.J.; Willemsen, L.E.M.; Knol, J.

    2011-01-01

    To provide insight in the molecular basis for intestinal host-microbe interactions, we determined the genome-wide transcriptional response of human intestinal epithelial cells following exposure to cells of Bifidobacterium breve. To select an appropriate test system reflecting inflammatory

  8. Bifidobacterium breve-HT-29 cell line interaction: Modulation of TNF-a induced gene expression

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Boesten, R.J.; Schuren, F.H.J.; Willemsen, L.E.M.; Vriesema, A.; Knol, J.; Vos, W.M. de

    2011-01-01

    To provide insight in the molecular basis for intestinal host-microbe interactions, we determined the genome-wide transcriptional response of human intestinal epithelial cells following exposure to cells of Bifidobacterium breve. To select an appropriate test system reflecting inflammatory

  9. A segunda regra fundamental: um comentário sobre o Ferenczi de Lacan

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    Angela Cavalcanti Bernardes

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available Que o analista seja analisado é a segunda regra fundamental da psicanálise, de acordo com Sándor Ferenczi. Este autor é louvado por Lacan pelo questionamento autêntico de sua responsabilidade de terapeuta. Faz-se aqui um breve comentário de algumas referências de Lacan a Ferenczi, tendo-se por perspectiva o controverso debate sobre a formação do analista.The second fundamental rule: a note about Lacan's Ferenczi. The analysis of the analyst is the second rule of psychoanalysis, following Sándor Ferenczi. This author is considered by Lacan an authentic questioner of his responsibility as a psychotherapist. The reader will find here a brief note about some of Lacan's comments on Ferenczi. Our concern here is the training of the analyst.

  10. The Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve B632 Inhibited the Growth of Enterobacteriaceae within Colicky Infant Microbiota Cultures

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    Marta Simone

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Infant colic is a common gastrointestinal disorder of newborns, mostly related to imbalances in the composition of gut microbiota and particularly to the presence of gas-producing coliforms and to lower levels of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli. Probiotics could help to contain this disturbance, with formulations consisting of Lactobacillus strains being the most utilized. In this work, the probiotic strain Bifidobacterium breve B632 that was specifically selected for its ability to inhibit gas-producing coliforms, was challenged against the Enterobacteriaceae within continuous cultures of microbiota from a 2-month-old colicky infant. As confirmed by RAPD-PCR fingerprinting, B. breve B632 persisted in probiotic-supplemented microbiota cultures, accounting for the 64% of Bifidobacteria at the steady state. The probiotic succeeded in inhibiting coliforms, since FISH and qPCR revealed that the amount of Enterobacteriaceae after 18 h of cultivation was 0.42 and 0.44 magnitude orders lower (P<0.05 in probiotic-supplemented microbiota cultures than in the control ones. These results support the possibility to move to another level of study, that is, the administration of B. breve B632 to a cohort of colicky newborns, in order to observe the behavior of this strain in vivo and to validate its effect in colic treatment.

  11. Bifidobacterium breve MCC-117 Induces Tolerance in Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells: Study of the Mechanisms Involved in the Immunoregulatory Effect

    Science.gov (United States)

    MURATA, Kozue; TOMOSADA, Yohsuke; VILLENA, Julio; CHIBA, Eriko; SHIMAZU, Tomoyuki; ASO, Hisashi; IWABUCHI, Noriyuki; XIAO, Jin-zhong; SAITO, Tadao; KITAZAWA, Haruki

    2014-01-01

    Bifidobacterium breve MCC-117 is able to significantly reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines in porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells and to improve IL-10 levels in CD4+CD25high Foxp3+ lymphocytes in response to heat-stable enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), while the immunoregulatory effect of B. adolescentis ATCC15705 was significantly lower than that observed for the MCC-117 strain. Considering the different capacities of the two bifidobacterium strains to activate toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 and their differential immunoregulatory activities in PIE and immune cells, we hypothesized that comparative studies with both strains could provide important information regarding the molecular mechanism(s) involved in the anti-inflammatory activity of bifidobacteria. In this work, we demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory effect of B. breve MCC-117 was achieved by a complex interaction of multiple negative regulators of TLRs as well as inhibition of multiple signaling pathways. We showed that B. breve MCC-117 reduced heat-stable ETEC PAMP-induced NF-κB, p38 MAPK and PI3 K activation and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in PIE cells. In addition, we demonstrated that B. breve MCC-117 may activate TLR2 synergistically and cooperatively with one or more other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), and that interactions may result in a coordinated sum of signals that induce the upregulation of A20, Bcl-3, Tollip and SIGIRR. Upregulation of these negative regulators could have an important physiological impact on maintaining or reestablishing homeostatic TLR signals in PIE cells. Therefore, in the present study, we gained insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in the immunoregulatory effect of B. breve MCC-117. PMID:24936377

  12. Global transcriptional landscape and promoter mapping of the gut commensal Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Bottacini, Francesca; Zomer, Aldert; Milani, Christian; Ferrario, Chiara; Lugli, Gabriele Andrea; Egan, Muireann; Ventura, Marco; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2017-01-01

    BACKGROUND: Bifidobacterium breve represents a common member of the infant gut microbiota and its presence in the gut has been associated with host well being. For this reason it is relevant to investigate and understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the establishment, persistence and

  13. Production of a conjugated fatty acid by Bifidobacterium breve LMC520 from α-linolenic acid: conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Park, Hui Gyu; Cho, Hyung Taek; Song, Myoung-Chong; Kim, Sang Bum; Kwon, Eung Gi; Choi, Nag Jin; Kim, Young Jun

    2012-03-28

    This study was performed to characterize natural CLnA isomer production by Bifidobacterium breve LMC520 of human origin in comparison to conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) production. B. breve LMC520 was found to be highly active in terms of CLnA production, of which the major portion was identified as cis-9,trans-11,cis-15 CLnA isomer by GC-MS and NMR analysis. B. breve LMC520 was incubated for 48 h using MRS medium (containing 0.05% L-cysteine · HCl) under different environmental conditions such as atmosphere, pH, and substrate concentration. The high conversion rate of α-linolenic acid (α-LNA) to CLnA (99%) was retained up to 2 mM α-LNA, and the production was proportionally increased nearly 7-fold with 8 mM by the 6 h of incubation under anaerobic conditions at a wide range of pH values (between 5 and 9). When α-LNA was compared with linoleic acid (LA) as a substrate for isomerization by B. breve LMC520, the conversion of α-LNA was higher than that of LA. These results demonstrated that specific CLnA isomer could be produced through active bacterial conversion at an optimized condition. Because many conjugated octadecatrienoic acids in nature are shown to play many positive roles, the noble isomer found in this study has potential as a functional source.

  14. The explanation of muwālāt in Zuhaily’s exegesis “al Tafsir al munir”

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Iman Kanani

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available One of the crucial contemporary issues of Islamic thought that has brought complicated situation in Muslims states, on the one hand, and between Muslims and non-Muslims on the other hand, is the issue of muwālāt. The literal understanding of muwālāt has caused profound problems in human societies, especially in the multi-religion countries. This research clarifies the meaning of loyalty in the Qur’ān based on al-Zuḥayli’s exegesis by using analytical -inductive method. The present study also elucidates Al-Zuḥayli’s point of view towards spiritual muwālāt and humane social muwālāt in the Quran.Hence, the study reveals fruitful findings and output, indicating that al-Zuḥayli separated muwālāt to three categories; prohibited muwālāt, muwālāt that causes infidelity, and muwālāt which means nice cohabitation with others. Also, the study explores that al-Zuḥayli believes that the principle in relations with Non-Muslims is based on peace. Furtheremore, al-Zuḥayli pointed out that muwālāt is permissible when it benefits Muslim society and Non- Muslim are not fighting with or betraying Muslims. Also the study presents that al-Zuḥayli has distinguished between muwālāt that means monotheism and worshiping God, and other types of muwālāt.

  15. Is Bifidobacterium breve effective in the treatment of childhood constipation? Results from a pilot study

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Tabbers, M. M.; de Milliano, I.; Roseboom, M. G.; Benninga, M. A.

    2011-01-01

    Probiotics are increasingly used in the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Studies in constipated adults with a Bifidus yoghurt (containing Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus) showed a significant increase in defecation frequency. The aim of

  16. Safety of Bifidobacterium breve (BBG-01) in preterm infants.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kitajima, Hiroyuki; Hirano, Shinya

    2017-03-01

    Since 1982, viable cells of Bifidobacterium breve (BBG-01) have been used in pediatric patients for clinical conditions such as intractable infantile diarrhea, preterm status, and pediatric surgery. Although the efficacy of BBG-01 has been widely reported, adverse events related to the use of BBG-01 have been reported in very few cases. In order to trace adverse events seen by 109 doctors in 88 medical institutions where BBG-01 was used, a questionnaire survey of the number of occurrences and details of each case was conducted. Eighty-six clinicians (70 institutions) responded to the questionnaire (response rate, 78.9%). Number of respondents according to department of diagnosis (no. BBG-01-treated infants) was as follows: pediatrics, 29 respondents (10 938 patients); premature and newborn medicine, 26 (10 677 patients); obstetrics and gynecology, 1 (1212 patients) and pediatric surgery, 22 (169 patients). More than 90% of the total BBG-01-treated patients (23 092 patients) were in the departments of premature and newborn medicine and pediatrics, and BBG-01 had been used mainly in preterm infants and children with intractable diarrhea. Adverse events occurred in two extremely premature infants with functional ileus due to starch aggregates as vehicle, and in two surgical neonates with bacteremia caused by B. breve genetically identical to BBG-01, and no serious adverse events with poor outcome were reported. Adverse events related to the use of BBG-01 have an extremely low incidence and are mild in severity, thus ensuring the superior safety of this preparation. © 2016 Japan Pediatric Society.

  17. La ficción en Internet para trasladar información de actualidad: ¿Diga?, un cortometraje sobre la huella ecológica

    OpenAIRE

    Velasco Manso, Marta

    2017-01-01

    ¿Diga? es un cortometraje de ficción que traslada información sobre hábitos de consumo responsable con el fin de mostrar su importancia en el medio ambiente y en concreto, en la reducción de la huella ecológica. El cortometraje se enmarca dentro de un proyecto digital, Episodio Piloto, una página web donde albergar producciones breves de ficción junto a información que se pretenda mostrar con ellas. La información ligada a ¿Diga? se traslada mediante un artículo sencillo que explica el concep...

  18. Transcriptional and functional characterization of genetic elements involved in galacto-oligosaccharide utilization by Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

    Science.gov (United States)

    O'Connell Motherway, Mary; Kinsella, Michael; Fitzgerald, Gerald F; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2013-01-01

    Several prebiotics, such as inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides and galacto-oligosaccharides, are widely used commercially in foods and there is convincing evidence, in particular for galacto-oligosaccharides, that prebiotics can modulate the microbiota and promote bifidobacterial growth in the intestinal tract of infants and adults. In this study we describe the identification and functional characterization of the genetic loci responsible for the transport and metabolism of purified galacto-oligosaccharides (PGOS) by Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. We further demonstrate that an extracellular endogalactanase specified by several B. breve strains, including B. breve UCC2003, is essential for partial degradation of PGOS components with a high degree of polymerization. These partially hydrolysed PGOS components are presumed to be transported into the bifidobacterial cell via various ABC transport systems and sugar permeases where they are further degraded to galactose and glucose monomers that feed into the bifid shunt. This work significantly advances our molecular understanding of bifidobacterial PGOS metabolism and its associated genetic machinery to utilize this prebiotic. © 2012 The Authors. Published by Society for Applied Microbiology and Blackwell Publishing Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

  19. Autoinducer-2 plays a crucial role in gut colonization and probiotic functionality of Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Christiaen, Steven E A; O'Connell Motherway, Mary; Bottacini, Francesca; Lanigan, Noreen; Casey, Pat G; Huys, Geert; Nelis, Hans J; van Sinderen, Douwe; Coenye, Tom

    2014-01-01

    In the present study we show that luxS of Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 is involved in the production of the interspecies signaling molecule autoinducer-2 (AI-2), and that this gene is essential for gastrointestinal colonization of a murine host, while it is also involved in providing protection against Salmonella infection in Caenorhabditis elegans. We demonstrate that a B. breve luxS-insertion mutant is significantly more susceptible to iron chelators than the WT strain and that this sensitivity can be partially reverted in the presence of the AI-2 precursor DPD. Furthermore, we show that several genes of an iron starvation-induced gene cluster, which are downregulated in the luxS-insertion mutant and which encodes a presumed iron-uptake system, are transcriptionally upregulated under in vivo conditions. Mutation of two genes of this cluster in B. breve UCC2003 renders the derived mutant strains sensitive to iron chelators while deficient in their ability to confer gut pathogen protection to Salmonella-infected nematodes. Since a functional luxS gene is present in all tested members of the genus Bifidobacterium, we conclude that bifidobacteria operate a LuxS-mediated system for gut colonization and pathogen protection that is correlated with iron acquisition.

  20. Autoinducer-2 plays a crucial role in gut colonization and probiotic functionality of Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Steven E A Christiaen

    Full Text Available In the present study we show that luxS of Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 is involved in the production of the interspecies signaling molecule autoinducer-2 (AI-2, and that this gene is essential for gastrointestinal colonization of a murine host, while it is also involved in providing protection against Salmonella infection in Caenorhabditis elegans. We demonstrate that a B. breve luxS-insertion mutant is significantly more susceptible to iron chelators than the WT strain and that this sensitivity can be partially reverted in the presence of the AI-2 precursor DPD. Furthermore, we show that several genes of an iron starvation-induced gene cluster, which are downregulated in the luxS-insertion mutant and which encodes a presumed iron-uptake system, are transcriptionally upregulated under in vivo conditions. Mutation of two genes of this cluster in B. breve UCC2003 renders the derived mutant strains sensitive to iron chelators while deficient in their ability to confer gut pathogen protection to Salmonella-infected nematodes. Since a functional luxS gene is present in all tested members of the genus Bifidobacterium, we conclude that bifidobacteria operate a LuxS-mediated system for gut colonization and pathogen protection that is correlated with iron acquisition.

  1. Conceptos generales sobre ABA en niños con trastorno del espectro autista

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    Sandra Elizabeth Piñeros Ortiz

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA son entidades que generan discapacidad. Diversas intervenciones psicofarmacológicas y psicosociales modulan algunas de las alteraciones comportamentales asociadas y mejoran la calidad de vida de las personas afectadas y de sus cuidadores. La terapia ABA es una de las intervenciones psicosociales más conocidas y utilizada en población con TEA. Mediante de la  formulación de preguntas clave y sus respuestas, este artículo realiza una breve descripción de los aspectos históricos, las principales características y los fundamentos teóricos del ABA. Se discuten los resultados de diversos estudios que señalan las limitaciones metodológicas de las investigaciones sobre  la efectividad de esta terapia y sus implicaciones para la práctica clínica.

  2. Estudo comparativo sobre representações visuais em interfaces com base em ícones de dispositivos móveis da Apple

    OpenAIRE

    Marshal Becon Lauzer

    2013-01-01

    Esta dissertação teve por objetivo verificar se existe um diferencial estético nas representações visuais nas interfaces gráficas dos dispositivos móveis da Apple e, se existir, se esse diferencial efetivamente influencia o vínculo do usuário com a marca e se o usuário tem consciência dele. Para tanto é apresentada uma breve análise diacrônica sobre as interfaces computacionais, bem como uma descrição de momentos chave na história da referida empresa. A partir disto, são abordadas questões qu...

  3. Mechanistic Study of Utilization of Water-Insoluble Saccharomyces cerevisiae Glucans by Bifidobacterium breve Strain JCM1192.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Keung, Hoi Yee; Li, Tsz Kai; Sham, Lok To; Cheung, Man Kit; Cheung, Peter Chi Keung; Kwan, Hoi Shan

    2017-04-01

    Bifidobacteria exert beneficial effects on hosts and are extensively used as probiotics. However, due to the genetic inaccessibility of these bacteria, little is known about their mechanisms of carbohydrate utilization and regulation. Bifidobacterium breve strain JCM1192 can grow on water-insoluble yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) cell wall glucans (YCWG), which were recently considered as potential prebiotics. According to the results of 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry, the YCWG were composed of highly branched (1→3,1→6)-β-glucans and (1→4,1→6)-α-glucans. Although the YCWG were composed of 78.3% β-glucans and 21.7% α-glucans, only α-glucans were consumed by the B. breve strain. The ABC transporter ( malEFG1 ) and pullulanase ( aapA ) genes were transcriptionally upregulated in the metabolism of insoluble yeast glucans, suggesting their potential involvement in the process. A nonsense mutation identified in the gene encoding an ABC transporter ATP-binding protein (MalK) led to growth failure of an ethyl methanesulfonate-generated mutant with yeast glucans. Coculture of the wild-type strain and the mutant showed that this protein was responsible for the import of yeast glucans or their breakdown products, rather than the export of α-glucan-catabolizing enzymes. Further characterization of the carbohydrate utilization of the mutant and three of its revertants indicated that this mutation was pleiotropic: the mutant could not grow with maltose, glycogen, dextrin, raffinose, cellobiose, melibiose, or turanose. We propose that insoluble yeast α-glucans are hydrolyzed by extracellular pullulanase into maltose and/or maltooligosaccharides, which are then transported into the cell by the ABC transport system composed of MalEFG1 and MalK. The mechanism elucidated here will facilitate the development of B. breve and water-insoluble yeast glucans as novel synbiotics. IMPORTANCE In general, Bifidobacterium strains are genetically intractable

  4. A Gene Homologous to rRNA Methylase Genes Confers Erythromycin and Clindamycin Resistance in Bifidobacterium breve.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martínez, Noelia; Luque, Roberto; Milani, Christian; Ventura, Marco; Bañuelos, Oscar; Margolles, Abelardo

    2018-05-15

    Bifidobacteria are mutualistic intestinal bacteria, and their presence in the human gut has been associated with health-promoting activities. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes in this genus is controversial, since, although bifidobacteria are nonpathogenic microorganisms, they could serve as reservoirs of resistance determinants for intestinal pathogens. However, until now, few antibiotic resistance determinants have been functionally characterized in this genus. In this work, we show that Bifidobacterium breve CECT7263 displays atypical resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin. In order to delimit the genomic region responsible for the observed resistance phenotype, a library of genomic DNA was constructed and a fragment of 5.8 kb containing a gene homologous to rRNA methylase genes was able to confer erythromycin resistance in Escherichia coli This genomic region seems to be very uncommon, and homologs of the gene have been detected in only one strain of Bifidobacterium longum and two other strains of B. breve In this context, analysis of shotgun metagenomics data sets revealed that the gene is also uncommon in the microbiomes of adults and infants. The structural gene and its upstream region were cloned into a B. breve -sensitive strain, which became resistant after acquiring the genetic material. In vitro conjugation experiments did not allow us to detect gene transfer to other recipients. Nevertheless, prediction of genes potentially acquired through horizontal gene transfer events revealed that the gene is located in a putative genomic island. IMPORTANCE Bifidobacterium breve is a very common human intestinal bacterium. Often described as a pioneer microorganism in the establishment of early-life intestinal microbiota, its presence has been associated with several beneficial effects for the host, including immune stimulation and protection against infections. Therefore, some strains of this species are considered probiotics. In relation to this

  5. Reflexiones críticas y autocríticas sobre Pedagogía Crítica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paz Gimeno Lorente

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available En este breve texto, hemos querido exponer la visión que, desde Fedicaria-Aragón, tenemos sobre la situación actual del pensamiento crítico en nuestro sistema educativo. En torno a esta cuestión, se han generado algunas falacias que deseamos apuntar, ya que una educación crítica no puede desarrollarse nunca en un contexto escolar apoyado sobre unos valores hegemónicos que contradicen la finalidad de formar a unos ciudadanos críticos y rebeldes frente a las situaciones de injusticia. En este texto señalamos algunos de los condicionantes que socavan esta orientación escolar crítica, desde los que corresponden a un sistema educativo colonizado por el sistema económico, hasta los bucles político-educativos que han entrelazado una ideología seudoprogresista y una práctica neoconservadora, y que, en la actualidad, han derivado en una «plana» realidad capitalista. A pesar de ello, desde Fedicaria, pretendemos mantener una «resistencia» crítica minoritaria, espacio simbólico donde se ubica el germen de los cambios sociales.

  6. William Marçais y su obra sobre el dialecto árabe hablado en Tremecén. Trascendencia para la historia de la dialectología de Argelia

    OpenAIRE

    Ikram Hadef, Sarra

    2017-01-01

    Breve presentación de la figura del arabista francés William Marçais y sus estudios sobre el dialecto árabe de Tremecén, estudiando el contenido de la obra Le dialecte arabe parlé à Tlemcen. Grammaire, textes et glossaire (1902) y su labor pionera en la constitución de una dialectología moderna argelina. Short introduction to the life of the French Orientalist William Marçais and his works about the Arabic dialect of the region of Tlemcen, focusing attention on the contents of Le dialecte ...

  7. Metodologia de pesquisas na internet: breves considerações sobre uma pesquisa qualitativa em turismo nas redes sociais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernanda Meneses de Miranda Castro

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo teve por objetivo apresentar o percurso metodológico de uma pesquisa que pretendeu analisar a contribuição das redes sociais que são utilizadas pelos órgãos responsáveis pela promoção do turismo de Salvador para a construção de uma imagem competitiva do destino. Com o surgimento da comunicação virtual surgiram novas propostas de pesquisa que tentassem desvendar esse ambiente e ainda não existe um método que seja considerado mais adequado para o alcance dos objetivos, cabendo ao pesquisador a tarefa de selecionar métodos e técnicas que mais se ajustem à proposta de pesquisa. Neste trabalho optou-se pela utilização do método sociológico e pelas técnicas de análise das redes sociais, iconologia e análise de conteúdo. Apresentou-se também breves resultados da pesquisa empírica, realizada entre agosto de 2013 a agosto de 2014, onde acompanhou-se as publicações referentes ao destino Salvador da página da rede social Facebook da Bahiatursa e da Salvador-Bahia. Os resultados indicaram que apesar de Salvador ser o destino âncora da Bahia, a promoção digital ainda não alcançou resultados expressivos. Indicaram também que os métodos e técnicas escolhidos atenderam ao objetivo proposto e que pesquisas científicas na Internet requerem do pesquisador uma análise contextual pormenorizada. A depender do objeto e objetivos de estudo, a escolha e o percurso metodológico são diferenciados, não havendo uma indicação conceitual priorizada.

  8. Medicina antienvelhecimento: notas sobre uma controvérsia sociotécnica

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    Antônio Nogueira Leitão

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Após algumas décadas de batalha, a geriatria e a gerontologia se tornaram as legítimas ciências do envelhecimento. Hoje surge uma contestação a tal condição. Em sua breve história, a medicina antienvelhecimento se afirmou como prática médica que questiona o modo de se endereçar o envelhecimento biológico. Com isso, toda a medicina é questionada. Aqui, exploramos especialmente como essa controvérsia se estrutura em torno dos fundamentos das ciências do envelhecimento. Há bases para esses questionamentos? Como eles foram tratados por aqueles que os receberam? Tendo em vista uma perspectiva sociotécnica, é interessante pensar que, para geriatras e gerontólogos, a necessária crítica à medicina antienvelhecimento também traz uma importante reflexão sobre o modo como as ciências do envelhecimento vêm tratando seu objeto.

  9. Sobre la muerte voluntaria

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    Juan Álvarez-Cienfuegos Fidalgo

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available El problema de cómo morir en nuestra sociedad se ha convertido en una inquietud para los ciudadanos y la reflexión moral. Especialmcnte por dos razones: por el desarrollo de la tecnología médica y por el hecho de que la mayor parte de los fallecimientos tienen lugar fuera del hogar, donde tradicionalmente ocurra el deceso. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo acercarse a esta cuestión. Para ello, se parte de la autonomía del ciudadano, con derecho a decidir sobre lo que considera cuál sea su manera de vivir y de morir. A tal fin, se hace una breve introducción sobre el dolor, el suicidio y la muerte, desde un punto de vista antropológico, pasando, después, a mostrar las cuestiones relacionadas con el problema de la eutanasia, donde la atención se dirigirá, ante todo, al enjuiciamiento crítico del tenso equilibrio en el que se mantienen dos principios fundamentales de la bioética: el de no maleficencia y el de autonomía del ciudadano.The problem of how to die in modern society has become a concern for both the citizen and moral reflection for two reasons in particular: due to developments in medical technology, and because most deaths occur outside the honre, where they traditionaÍlY took place. This paper addresses this issue, starting from citizen autonomy, the right to decide on what s/he considers to be his or her way of living and dying. To this end, a brief introduction considers pain, suicide and death from an anthropological viewpoint. Questions related to the problem of euthanasia are then exposed, with particular attention to, above all the critical judgement of the tense balance in which two fundamental principies of bioethics are held, the principle of non-maleficence and that of citizen autonomy.

  10. Congresos internacionales sobre la enseñanza de la estadística: una visión histórica y de contenido

    OpenAIRE

    Ospina Botero, David; Vasco Uribe, Carlos E.

    2009-01-01

    Los autores hacen un breve reseña histórica de los cuatro congresos internacionales de la enseñanza de la estadística (ICOTS). Con base en los temas tratados en ellos especialmente en los dos últimos, clasifican los dos tópicos más actuales del debate sobre la enseñanza de la estadística y la teoría de las probabilidades. Entre los ya tradicionales, reseñan la enseñanza de esos temas en la educación básica y en la universidad, la formación de los profesores, el uso de los computadores y de...

  11. BDNF expression in the hippocampus of maternally separated rats: does Bifidobacterium breve 6330 alter BDNF levels?

    Science.gov (United States)

    O'Sullivan, E; Barrett, E; Grenham, S; Fitzgerald, P; Stanton, C; Ross, R P; Quigley, E M M; Cryan, J F; Dinan, T G

    2011-09-01

    Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is of interest because of its putative role in stress and psychiatric disorders. Maternal separation is used as an animal model of early-life stress and of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Animals exposed to the paradigm show altered gut function together with heightened levels of arousal and corticosterone. Some probiotic organisms have been shown to be of benefit in IBS and influence the brain-gut axis. Our objective was to investigate the effects of maternal separation on BDNF under basal conditions and in response to the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve 6330. The study implemented the maternal separation model which we have previously described. Polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridisation were performed to measure the effect of maternal separation on both BDNF total variants and BDNF splice variant (exon) IV in the hippocampus. Maternally separated and non-separated rats were treated with B. breve 6330, to investigate the effect of this probiotic on BDNF total variant and BDNF exon IV expression. Maternal separation increased BDNF total variants (Pbreve 6330 increased BDNF total variants (Pbreve 6330 did not alter BDNF levels in the maternally separated rats. Maternal separation caused a marked increase in BDNF in the hippocampus. While B. breve 6330 influenced BDNF in normal animals, it had no significant effect on BDNF in those which were maternally separated. We have demonstrated that an orally administered probiotic can influence hippocampal BDNF.

  12. PSA: Topic of gender violence

    OpenAIRE

    Accensi Martínez, Maria Cinta

    2016-01-01

    Breu reflexió sobre la violència existent actualment envers les dones. Breve reflexión sobre la violencia existente actualmente hacia las mujeres. Brief reflection on currently existing violence against women.

  13. Functional genome analysis of Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 reveals type IVb tight adherence (Tad) pili as an essential and conserved host-colonization factor

    Science.gov (United States)

    O'Connell Motherway, Mary; Zomer, Aldert; Leahy, Sinead C.; Reunanen, Justus; Bottacini, Francesca; Claesson, Marcus J.; O'Brien, Frances; Flynn, Kiera; Casey, Patrick G.; Moreno Munoz, Jose Antonio; Kearney, Breda; Houston, Aileen M.; O'Mahony, Caitlin; Higgins, Des G.; Shanahan, Fergus; Palva, Airi; de Vos, Willem M.; Fitzgerald, Gerald F.; Ventura, Marco; O'Toole, Paul W.; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2011-01-01

    Development of the human gut microbiota commences at birth, with bifidobacteria being among the first colonizers of the sterile newborn gastrointestinal tract. To date, the genetic basis of Bifidobacterium colonization and persistence remains poorly understood. Transcriptome analysis of the Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 2.42-Mb genome in a murine colonization model revealed differential expression of a type IVb tight adherence (Tad) pilus-encoding gene cluster designated “tad2003.” Mutational analysis demonstrated that the tad2003 gene cluster is essential for efficient in vivo murine gut colonization, and immunogold transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of Tad pili at the poles of B. breve UCC2003 cells. Conservation of the Tad pilus-encoding locus among other B. breve strains and among sequenced Bifidobacterium genomes supports the notion of a ubiquitous pili-mediated host colonization and persistence mechanism for bifidobacteria. PMID:21690406

  14. Functional genome analysis of Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 reveals type IVb tight adherence (Tad) pili as an essential and conserved host-colonization factor.

    Science.gov (United States)

    O'Connell Motherway, Mary; Zomer, Aldert; Leahy, Sinead C; Reunanen, Justus; Bottacini, Francesca; Claesson, Marcus J; O'Brien, Frances; Flynn, Kiera; Casey, Patrick G; Munoz, Jose Antonio Moreno; Kearney, Breda; Houston, Aileen M; O'Mahony, Caitlin; Higgins, Des G; Shanahan, Fergus; Palva, Airi; de Vos, Willem M; Fitzgerald, Gerald F; Ventura, Marco; O'Toole, Paul W; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2011-07-05

    Development of the human gut microbiota commences at birth, with bifidobacteria being among the first colonizers of the sterile newborn gastrointestinal tract. To date, the genetic basis of Bifidobacterium colonization and persistence remains poorly understood. Transcriptome analysis of the Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 2.42-Mb genome in a murine colonization model revealed differential expression of a type IVb tight adherence (Tad) pilus-encoding gene cluster designated "tad(2003)." Mutational analysis demonstrated that the tad(2003) gene cluster is essential for efficient in vivo murine gut colonization, and immunogold transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of Tad pili at the poles of B. breve UCC2003 cells. Conservation of the Tad pilus-encoding locus among other B. breve strains and among sequenced Bifidobacterium genomes supports the notion of a ubiquitous pili-mediated host colonization and persistence mechanism for bifidobacteria.

  15. USO DE ANIMALES DE LABORATORIO EN COLOMBIA: REFLEXIONES SOBRE ASPECTOS NORMATIVOS Y ÉTICOS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    L. Botero

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available El uso de modelos animales para la experimentación se ha incrementado considerablemente en Colombia. Mientras en países desarrollados estos animales se producen en ambientes controlados bajo normas estrictas que garantizan la validez de los resultados de investigación, en Colombia la normatividad al respecto es precaria e imprecisa lo que ha llevado a que pocas instituciones mantengan los animales con los estándares requeridos para obtener resultados de investigación con el rigor que la comunidad científica internacional exige. En este artículo presentamos una breve revisión de la normatividad en el tema a nivel mundial y, finalmente, se mencionan algunas recomendaciones sobre ajgunos aspectos que debería integrar la normatividad colombiana para que se adecúe a las regulaciones internacionales.

  16. Breve histórico do pensamento psicológico brasileiro sobre relações étnico-raciais

    OpenAIRE

    Santos,Alessandro de Oliveira dos; Schucman,Lia Vainer; Martins,Hildeberto Vieira

    2012-01-01

    O artigo descreve três momentos do pensamento psicológico brasileiro sobre relações étnicoraciais no final do século XIX e no início do século XX, caracterizado pela consolidação da Escola Nina Rodrigues, que investiga características psicológicas dos escravos e ex-escravos e fornece elementos para a configuração do negro como sujeito psicológico; o período de 1930 até 1950 é caracterizado pelo debate da construção sociocultural das diferenças e da desconstrução do determinismo biológico das ...

  17. Psicoterapia breve psicodinâmica preventiva: pesquisa exploratória de resultados e acompanhamento Psicoterapia breve psicodinamica preventiva: pesquisa exploratoria de resultados y acompañamiento Brief preventive psychodynamic psychotherapy: exploratory research on results and follow-up

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tales Vilela Santeiro

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Há escassez de estudos sistemáticos sobre processos de psicoterapia nas clínicas-escola brasileiras, inclusive os de caráter preventivo. A proposta focaliza Psicoterapias Breves Psicodinâmicas (PBPs conduzidas por estudantes em contexto de clínica-escola. Tem como objetivo avaliar os graus de depressão e ansiedade e o neuroticismo em voluntários, estudantes de curso de psicologia (N=6, no início, no final e após seis meses do término das PBP (follow-up. As Escalas Beck de Depressão e Ansiedade (BD/BAI e de Ajustamento Emocional/Neuroticismo foram os instrumentos empregados. As sessões foram semanais, num total de 10, gravadas em áudio e observadas em sala de espelho unidirecional. De modo geral foram constatadas mudanças em relação às variáveis analisadas, o que ficou mais evidente do início à 10ª sessão e quando as escalas BDI e BAI foram utilizadas como medidas. Os eventuais ganhos obtidos quando do término nem sempre foram mantidos no follow-up.Hay escasez de estudios sistemáticos sobre los procesos de psicoterapia en las clínicas-escuelas brasileñas, incluso los estudios de carácter preventivo. La propuesta focaliza psicoterapias breves psicodinámicas (PBP conducidas en contexto de clínica-escuela. Este estudio tiene como objetivos evaluar los grados de depresión y ansiedad y el neuroticismo en voluntarios, estudiantes del curso de psicología (N=6, en el inicio, en el final y después de seis meses del término de las PBP (follow-up. Las Escalas Beck de Depresión y Ansiedad (BD/BAI y de Ajustamiento Emocional/Neuroticismo fueron semanales, totalizando diez, grabadas en audio y observadas en sala de espejo unidireccional. De un modo general fueron constatados cambios en relación a las variables analizadas, lo que dejó más evidente del inicio a la décima sesión y cuando las escalas BDI y BAI fueron utilizadas como medidas. Los eventuales logros obtenidos en el término no siempre fueron mantenidos en el

  18. Coculture of Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium breve alters their protein expression profiles and enzymatic activities.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ruiz, Lorena; Sánchez, Borja; de Los Reyes-Gavilán, Clara G; Gueimonde, Miguel; Margolles, Abelardo

    2009-07-31

    Some strains of the genus Bifidobacterium are probiotic bacteria commonly added to functional dairy products. The influence of coculturing Bifidobacterium longum NCIMB8809 and Bifidobacterium breve NCIMB8807 on their physiology was studied. 2DE separation of protein extracts, coupled to MS protein analysis allowed the identification of 16 proteins whose expression drastically changed when cells were grown in compartmentalized coculture, compared to monoculture. These included ribosomal proteins and proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism, gene regulation, cell envelope biogenesis and transport processes. Significant changes in some glycoside-hydrolysing activities (beta-d-xylopyranosidase, alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase and beta-d-glucopyranosidase) were also detected. Furthermore, qRT-PCR experiments using as targets the B. breve genes clgR (transcriptional regulator) clpP1, clpP2 and clpC (chaperone- and protease-encoding genes positively regulated by clgR) supported the proteomic results, the four genes displaying a higher expression level in coculture. This study provides new insights to understand the communication among Bifidobacterium species.

  19. BIO-OPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE DINOFLAGELLATE GYMNODINIUM BREVE AND THE DIATOM THALASSIOSIRA WEISSFLOGII IN OUTDOOR TANKS

    Science.gov (United States)

    The bio-optical signatures of harmful algal blooms can be used to define ocean color satellite algorithms. We characterized the bio-optical properties of nutrient-replete cultures of the red tide dinoflagellate Gymnodinium breve and the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii. We cultur...

  20. Biotransformation of rutin to isoquercitrin using recombinant α-L-rhamnosidase from Bifidobacterium breve.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Ru; Zhang, Bian-Ling; Xie, Tao; Li, Gu-Cai; Tuo, Yi; Xiang, Yu-Ting

    2015-06-01

    To biotransform rutin into isoquercitrin. A α-L-rhamnosidase from Bifidobacterium breve was produced by using Escherichia coli BL21 for biotransformation of rutin to isoquercitrin. The enzyme was purified by Ni(2+)-NTA chromatography to yield a soluble protein with a specific activity of 56 U protein mg(-1). The maximum enzyme activities were at pH 6.5, 55 °C, 20 mM rutin, and 1.2 U enzyme ml(-1). Under optimal conditions, the half-life of the enzyme was 96 h. The K m and V max values were 2.2 mM, 56.4 μmol mg(-1) min(-1) and 2.1 mM, 57.5 μmol mg(-1) min(-1) using pNP-Rha and rutin as substrates, respectively. The kinetic behavior indicated that the recombinant α-L-rhamnosidase has good catalytic performance for producing isoquercitrin. 20 mM rutin was biotransformed into 18.25 and 19.87 mM isoquercitrin after 60 and 240 min. The specific biotransformation of rutin to isoquercitrin using recombinant α-L-rhamnosidase from B. breve is a feasible method for use in industrial processes.

  1. DESENVOLVIMENTO E POBREZA. UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA

    OpenAIRE

    Siqueira, Luana Souza

    2012-01-01

    O presente trabalho propõe uma breve discussão sobre o desenvolvimentismo no enfrentamento à pobreza e seus rebatimentos na literatura do serviço social. Para tanto, está organizado em quatro partes: a visão de pobreza e desenvolvimentismo do Banco Mundial e de Amatya Sen, autor de importante relevância nas agencias multilaterais; o debate marxista sobre a pobreza e a sociedade capitalista; as discussões que são apropriadas pelos assistentes sociais e uma breve análise final, considerando o f...

  2. “Historiografía sobre la masonería en México. Breve revisión”

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Eugenia Vázquez Semadeni

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Este texto procura mostrar las principales líneas seguidas por los estudios sobre la masonería mexicana. En un primer apartado menciona las obras fundamentales de la historiografía no académica, en la que se incluyen los textos masónicos, antimasónicos y de divulgación, procurando destacar la importancia y utilidad, que algunos de estos trabajos tienen para el historiador profesional. Después revisa las producciones académicas, divididas en cuatro apartados, dedicados a los cuatro momentos políticos sucesivos en que la historiografía ha abordado el tema masónico: 1 la independencia y las primeras repúblicas; 2 la reforma y la república restaurada; 3 el Porfiriato; y 4 la revolución y el periodo posrevolucionario.

  3. Improving the storage stability of Bifidobacterium breve in low pH fruit juice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Saarela, M; Alakomi, H L; Mättö, J; Ahonen, A M; Puhakka, A; Tynkkynen, S

    2011-09-01

    Bifidobacterial food applications are limited since bifidobacteria are sensitive to e.g. acidic conditions prevalent in many food matrices. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether a low pH selection step alone or combined to UV mutagenesis could improve the viability of an acid sensitive Bifidobacterium strain, B. breve 99, in low pH food matrices. Furthermore, the potential of carriers and an oat fibre preparation to further improve the stability was studied. The best performing low pH tolerant variants in the present study were generated by UV-mutagenesis with 70-700μJ/cm(2) followed by incubation in growth medium at pH 4.5. The most promising variants regarding the low pH tolerance showed, in repeated tests with cells grown without pH control, about one Log-value better survival in pH 3.8 fruit juice after one week storage at 4°C compared to wild-type B. breve 99. Cells grown with pH control, PDX formulated and then frozen showed poorer viability in low pH fruit juice than cells grown with no pH control. For frozen concentrates pH 3.8 was too stressful and no or small differences between the variants and the wild-type strain were seen. The differences detected at pH 3.8 with the cells grown without pH control were also seen with the frozen concentrates at pH 4.5. Some improvement in the stability could be achieved by using a combination of trehalose, vitamin C and PDX as a freezing carrier material, whereas a significant improvement in the stability was seen when oat fibre was added into the fruit juice together with the frozen cells. Due to the initial very poor fruit juice tolerance of B. breve 99 the obtained improvement in the stability was not enough for commercial applications. However, the same methods could be applied to initially better performing strains to further improve their stability in the fruit juice. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  4. Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 surface exopolysaccharide production is a beneficial trait mediating commensal-host interaction through immune modulation and pathogen protection.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fanning, Saranna; Hall, Lindsay J; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2012-01-01

    Bifidobacteria constitute a substantial proportion of the human gut microbiota. There are currently many bifidobacterial strains with claimed probiotic attributes. The mechanism through which these strains reside within their host and exert benefits to the host is far from fully understood. We have shown in the case of Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 that a cell surface exopolysaccharide (EPS) plays a role in in vivo persistence. Biosynthesis of two possible EPSs is controlled by a bidirectional gene cluster which guides alternate EPS synthesis by means of a reorienting promoter. The presence of EPS impacts on host immune response: the wild type, EPS-positive B. breve UCC2003 efficiently evades the adaptive B-cell host response, while its isogenic, EPS-deficient equivalent elicits a strong adaptive immune response. Functionally, EPS positive strains were more resilient to presence of acid and bile and were responsible for reduced colonization levels of Citrobacter rodentium, a gut pathogen. In conclusion, we have found that EPS is important in host interactions and pathogen protection, the latter indicative of a probiotic ability for the EPS of B. breve UCC2003.

  5. Periodismo científico: reflexiones sobre la práctica en América Latina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luisa Massarani

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo tiene como objetivo hacer algunas reflexiones sobre el periodismo científico en América Latina. Empezaremos con un breve rescate de un movimiento iniciado en los años 1960, que se diseminó y resultó en la creación, de forma concertada, en asociaciones de periodismo científico en algunos países de la región. En seguida, presentaremos los datos de una encuesta a periodistas que cubren temas de ciencia y tecnología acerca de sus percepciones respecto de la práctica y las perspectivas de la profesión. De acuerdo con los resultados, hay optimismo entre los profesionales en el campo, lo que sugiere que las semillas dejadas por el movimiento de los años 1960 tienen ecos importantes en el presente.

  6. KONSTRUKSI TAFSIR ILMI KEMENAG RI-LIPI: Melacak Unsur Kepentingan Pemerintah dalam Tafsir

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ahmad Muttaqin

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available This article aims to explore ”scientific exegesis” of ministry of religious affairs of Indonesia. As we know the scientific exegesis is one of the approaches in interpreting the Qur’an which appeared since the middle century. This will try to explore the epistemology of that exegesis and the interest of government in process of writing the exegesis. It will focus in three themes namely ocean, food and a drink, and time. This concludes that first this exegesis is a part of the thematic method. Second, according to validity aspect, this exegesis agrees with the correspondence and pragmatism aspect, but not in coherence aspect. Third, this exegesis is an effort to help the policy of government.

  7. Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium breve isolates from preterm and full term neonates: comparison of cell surface properties.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Andriantsoanirina, Valérie; Teolis, Anne-Claire; Xin, Liu Xin; Butel, Marie Jose; Aires, Julio

    2014-08-01

    We compared autoaggregation, surface hydrophobicity and Caco-2 cells adhesion capabilities of independent Bifidobacterium breve (n = 22) and Bifidobacterium longum (n = 25) strains isolated from preterm (n = 20) and full term neonates (n = 27). Concerning strains properties, a correlation between autoaggregation and surface hydrophobicity was found for B. longum (r = 0.40, p = 0.048), B. breve (r = 0.57, p = 0.005), and all strains independently of the species consideration (r = 0.46, p = 0.001). The absence of difference in adhesion capabilities between preterm and full term neonate strains suggests a strain-dependent property. However, B. longum strains from preterm neonates (n = 10) showed higher autoaggregation ability (p = 0.044). Additionally, independently of species consideration, preterm neonates strains showed lower surface hydrophobicity (p = 0.027). As far as species are considered, preterm neonate B. breve strains (n = 10) showed significantly lower surface hydrophobicity percentages (p = 0.043). Our results suggest the existence of variations in bifidobacteria membrane structure and/or composition that may reflect adaptation of these bacteria to the intestinal environment of either preterm or full term neonates. Such information is of interest when considering the use of bifidobacteria probiotic strains for modulation of preterm neonates gut microbiota. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  8. DOCUMENTO: BREVES REFLEXIONES SOBRE LA INVESTIGACIÓN CUALITATIVA PARA LA FORMACIÓN DEL TRABAJADOR SOCIAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nilsa Burgos Ortiz

    2009-08-01

    Full Text Available Este documento presenta, en primera instancia, un resumen sobre la trayectoria de la investigación social en América, en su relación con la disciplina de Trabajo Social; y en segunda instancia, una experiencia de aplicación de la investigación cualitativa en un estudio adelantado por el primer grupo de estudiantes doctorales en la Escuela Graduada de Trabajo Social de la Universidad de Puerto Rico. Este grupo estudió la violencia en una escuela pública del área metropolitana de San Juan y examinó una de las políticas sociales pertinente desde la perspectiva teórica del construccionismo social. El grupo de estudiantes se organizó en cuatro equipos de trabajo y utilizó entrevistas cualitativas, grupos focales y la observación para la recopilación de datos. El ejercicio permitió concluir que la aplicación de la metodología cualitativa para el estudio de problemas sociales, así como para el análisis de política social es de gran relevancia en la práctica profesional del trabajo social.

  9. La emigración como proceso de duelo. Protocolo de psicoterapia breve centrada en su elaboración.

    OpenAIRE

    Isabel Salvador Sánchez

    2002-01-01

    Se presenta un protocolo de psicoterapia breve para el tratamiento de pacientes emigrantes con el diagnóstico psicodinámico de “duelo no elaborado”, explicando las características de dicho protocolo.

  10. Propuesta de un cuestionario breve para la evaluación de la competitividad en el ámbito deportivo: Competitividad-10

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eduardo Remor

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Se ha desarrollado y analizado psicométricamente un cuestionario breve para la evaluación de la competitividad en el deporte. El desarrollo de los ítems para el instrumento parte de una revisión bibliográfica sobre las teorías de logro relacionadas con el deporte (validez de contenido. Seguidamente, se realizó un experimento donde se expuso a los participantes a una situación de competición y se utilizó dicha situación como criterio externo para la valoración del grado de competitividad y éxito en la competición (validez empírica. El experimento, y estudio psicométrico, incluyó a 153 deportistas estudiantes universitarios (43,8% mujeres y 56,2% hombres con edades entre los 19 y 32 años (media 22,9 años, DT=2,5. Los resultados del análisis factorial ofrecieron apoyo a la validez de constructo, identificando dos dimensiones independientes: Motivación de éxito (a = .66 y Motivación para evitar el fracaso (a = .66, siendo aceptable la fiabilidad de ambas. También se ha identificado la validez de criterio, concurrente, discriminante y predictiva (sensibilidad y especificidad del cuestionario teniendo en cuenta el resultado en la competición y la autovaloración subjetiva del grado de competitividad. La sensibilidad y especificidad del cuestionario fueron 72,6% y 50,7%, respectivamente. En resumen, los indicadores psicométricos del cuestionario confirman la validez de constructo, y sostienen la fiabilidad y validez empírica del cuestionario. Se han observado diferencias de género y un efecto de la edad sobre la motivación de éxito.

  11. Overexpression, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of xylulose-5-phosphate/fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase from Bifidobacterium breve

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Suzuki, Ryuichiro; Kim, Byung-Jun; Shibata, Tsuyoshi; Iwamoto, Yuki; Katayama, Takane; Ashida, Hisashi; Wakagi, Takayoshi; Shoun, Hirofumi; Fushinobu, Shinya; Yamamoto, Kenji

    2010-01-01

    Xylulose-5-phosphate/fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase from B. breve was overexpressed and crystallized. The crystals belonged to the tetragonal space group I422 and diffracted to beyond 1.7 Å resolution. The xylulose-5-phosphate/fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase gene from Bifidobacterium breve was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity and crystallized by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method. Crystals were obtained at 293 K using 0.05 mM thiamine diphosphate, 0.25 mM MgCl 2 , 24%(w/v) PEG 6000 and 0.1 M Bicine pH 9.0. The crystals belonged to the tetragonal space group I422, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 174.8, c = 163.8 Å, and diffracted to beyond 1.7 Å resolution

  12. Bifidobacterium breve reduces apoptotic epithelial cell shedding in an exopolysaccharide and MyD88-dependent manner.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hughes, K R; Harnisch, L C; Alcon-Giner, C; Mitra, S; Wright, C J; Ketskemety, J; van Sinderen, D; Watson, A J M; Hall, L J

    2017-01-01

    Certain members of the microbiota genus Bifidobacterium are known to positively influence host well-being. Importantly, reduced bifidobacterial levels are associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, who also have impaired epithelial barrier function, including elevated rates of apoptotic extrusion of small intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) from villi-a process termed 'cell shedding'. Using a mouse model of pathological cell shedding, we show that mice receiving Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 exhibit significantly reduced rates of small IEC shedding. Bifidobacterial-induced protection appears to be mediated by a specific bifidobacterial surface exopolysaccharide and interactions with host MyD88 resulting in downregulation of intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic responses to protect epithelial cells under highly inflammatory conditions. Our results reveal an important and previously undescribed role for B. breve, in positively modulating epithelial cell shedding outcomes via bacterial- and host-dependent factors, supporting the notion that manipulation of the microbiota affects intestinal disease outcomes. © 2017 The Authors.

  13. Effects of Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4034, Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-4035 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-4036 on hepatic steatosis in Zucker rats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Plaza-Diaz, Julio; Gomez-Llorente, Carolina; Abadia-Molina, Francisco; Saez-Lara, Maria Jose; Campaña-Martin, Laura; Muñoz-Quezada, Sergio; Romero, Fernando; Gil, Angel; Fontana, Luis

    2014-01-01

    We have previously described the safety and immunomodulatory effects of Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4034, Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-4035 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-4036 in healthy volunteers. The scope of this work was to evaluate the effects of these probiotic strains on the hepatic steatosis of obese rats. We used the Zucker rat as a genetic model of obesity. Zucker-Lepr(fa/fa) rats received one of three probiotic strains, a mixture of L. paracasei CNCM I-4034 and B. breve CNCM I-4035, or a placebo for 30 days. An additional group of Zucker-lean+/fa rats received a placebo for 30 days. No alterations in intestinal histology, in the epithelial, lamina propria, muscular layers of the ileal or colonic mucosa, or the submucosae, were observed in any of the experimental groups. Triacylglycerol content decreased in the liver of Zucker-Lepr(fa/fa) rats that were fed L. rhamnosus, B. breve, or the mixture of B. breve and L. paracasei. Likewise, the area corresponding to neutral lipids was significantly smaller in the liver of all four groups of Zucker-Lepr(fa/fa) rats that received probiotics than in rats fed the placebo. Zucker-Lepr(fa/fa) rats exhibited significantly greater serum LPS levels than Zucker-lean+/fa rats upon administration of placebo for 30 days. In contrast, all four groups of obese Zucker-Lepr(fa/fa) rats that received LAB strains exhibited serum LPS concentrations similar to those of Zucker-lean+/fa rats. Serum TNF-α levels decreased in the Zucker-Lepr(fa/fa) rats that received B. breve, L. rhamnosus, or the mixture, whereas L. paracasei feeding decreased IL-6 levels in the serum of Zucker-Lepr(fa/fa) rats. In conclusion, the probiotic strains reduced hepatic steatosis in part by lowering serum LPS, and had an anti-inflammatory effect in obese Zucker rats.

  14. Effects of Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4034, Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-4035 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-4036 on hepatic steatosis in Zucker rats.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julio Plaza-Diaz

    Full Text Available We have previously described the safety and immunomodulatory effects of Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4034, Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-4035 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-4036 in healthy volunteers. The scope of this work was to evaluate the effects of these probiotic strains on the hepatic steatosis of obese rats. We used the Zucker rat as a genetic model of obesity. Zucker-Lepr(fa/fa rats received one of three probiotic strains, a mixture of L. paracasei CNCM I-4034 and B. breve CNCM I-4035, or a placebo for 30 days. An additional group of Zucker-lean+/fa rats received a placebo for 30 days. No alterations in intestinal histology, in the epithelial, lamina propria, muscular layers of the ileal or colonic mucosa, or the submucosae, were observed in any of the experimental groups. Triacylglycerol content decreased in the liver of Zucker-Lepr(fa/fa rats that were fed L. rhamnosus, B. breve, or the mixture of B. breve and L. paracasei. Likewise, the area corresponding to neutral lipids was significantly smaller in the liver of all four groups of Zucker-Lepr(fa/fa rats that received probiotics than in rats fed the placebo. Zucker-Lepr(fa/fa rats exhibited significantly greater serum LPS levels than Zucker-lean+/fa rats upon administration of placebo for 30 days. In contrast, all four groups of obese Zucker-Lepr(fa/fa rats that received LAB strains exhibited serum LPS concentrations similar to those of Zucker-lean+/fa rats. Serum TNF-α levels decreased in the Zucker-Lepr(fa/fa rats that received B. breve, L. rhamnosus, or the mixture, whereas L. paracasei feeding decreased IL-6 levels in the serum of Zucker-Lepr(fa/fa rats. In conclusion, the probiotic strains reduced hepatic steatosis in part by lowering serum LPS, and had an anti-inflammatory effect in obese Zucker rats.

  15. BREVES CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A ABORDAGEM DE CHARLES GUIGNON DO MÉTODO FENOMENOLÓGICO EM SER E TEMPO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rogério Tolfo

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta os estágios do método filosófico em Ser e Tempo, deacordo com a obra Heidegger e o Problema do Conhecimento de Charles Guignon.Segundo Guignon, Heidegger realiza em Ser e Tempo um processo em etapas: 1.Descritivo; 2. Hermenêutico; 3. Processo Dialético; 4. Diagnóstico do Senso Comum. Oobjetivo principal deste artigo é divulgar a proposta de Guignon. No entanto, faremosbreves considerações sobre esta proposta.

  16. Constituição cidadã e representações sociais: uma reflexão sobre modelos de assistência à saúde Constitución ciudadana y representaciones sociales: una reflexión sobre modelos de atención de la salud Citizen constitution and social representations: reflecting about health care models

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sílvio Éder Dias da Silva

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre o significado dos termos cidadania e saúde, abordando a Teoria das Representações Sociais como estratégia para implementação e avaliação dos modelos de assistência a saúde no Brasil. Na primeira parte, traçamos um breve histórico sobre a concepção de cidadania; na segunda, tratamos dos princípios de liberdade e igualdade pautados no pensamento de Kant; na terceira, evidenciamos a saúde como um direito do cidadão e um dever do estado; por fim, destacamos a Teoria das Representações Sociais como estratégia para avaliar e implementar os serviços de saúde prestados ao cidadão pelos modelos assistenciais de saúde em vigor no Brasil.Este artículo expone una reflexión sobre el significado del término ciudadanía, salud y la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales como una estrategia para la implementación y evaluación de los modelos de atención a la salud en Brasil. En la primera parte, trazamos un breve resumen histórico sobre la concepción de ciudadanía; en la segunda parte, abordamos los principios de libertad e igualdad pautados en el pensamiento de Kant; en la tercera, dejamos evidenciado que la salud es un derecho del ciudadano y un deber del estado y, por fin, destacamos la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales como una estrategia para evaluar e implementar los servicios de salud prestados al ciudadano por los modelos de atención a la salud vigentes en Brasil.This article presents a reflection on the meaning of the terms citizenship and health, addressing the Theory of Social Representations as a strategy for implementing and evaluating health care models in Brazil. First, a brief history about the concept of citizenship is presented; then the article addresses the principles of freedom and equality according to Kant; the third section of the article shows that health is as a right of the citizen and a duty of the state. Finally, the Theory of Social Representations

  17. Problemática sobre la disponibilidad de los Bienes Jurídicos Individuales y Responsabilidades Emergentes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ignacio Curbelo Solari

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Sobre el concepto de Disponibilidad. Concepto de Bien Jurídico y sus funciones. El Consentimiento. Breve Historia. Bienes Jurídicos Colectivos e Individuales. Naturaleza Jurídica del Consentimiento. Posición de Jescheck, Roxin y Muñoz Conde. Posición de los principales autores nacionales: Prof. Gonzalo Fernández, Miguel Langón, Germán Aller, Pedro Montano. Los requisitos del consentimiento. En la doctrina extranjeraEn la doctrina uruguaya El consentimiento presunto. Requisitos del consentimiento presunto.Relevancia del consentimiento en el Derecho Positivo. Derecho extranjero Derecho Uruguayo. Diversas situaciones. El art. 44 del CP. La Vida. El consentimiento y la responsabilidad de los médicos. Las intervenciones transexuales. La Eutanasia La ley 18.473 de Voluntad anticipada. La auto puesta en peligro.

  18. El pensamiento económico de Juan de Lugo. Un estudio sobre sus teorías del precio justo, del dinero y del interés

    OpenAIRE

    Monsalve Serrano, Favio

    2002-01-01

    Esta tesis aborda el pensamiento económico de Juan de Lugo y, más concretamente, sus teorías del precio justo, del dinero y de la usura. También aborda un breve análisis comparativo entre Juan de Lugo y escolásticos coetáneos, principalmente Luis de Molina, así como una proyección de las ideas de Lugo sobre el análisis económico moderno. La teoría del precio justo se aborda desde un enfoque analítico mostrando cada uno de los elementos que componen dicha teoría (respeto a la justicia, teor...

  19. Cross-feeding by Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 during co-cultivation with Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010 in a mucin-based medium.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Egan, Muireann; Motherway, Mary O'Connell; Kilcoyne, Michelle; Kane, Marian; Joshi, Lokesh; Ventura, Marco; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2014-11-25

    Bifidobacteria constitute a specific group of commensal bacteria that commonly inhabit the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 was previously shown to utilize a variety of plant/diet/host-derived carbohydrates, including cellodextrin, starch and galactan, as well as the mucin and HMO-derived monosaccharide, sialic acid. In the current study, we investigated the ability of this strain to utilize parts of a host-derived source of carbohydrate, namely the mucin glycoprotein, when grown in co-culture with the mucin-degrading Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010. B. breve UCC2003 was shown to exhibit growth properties in a mucin-based medium, but only when grown in the presence of B. bifidum PRL2010, which is known to metabolize mucin. A combination of HPAEC-PAD and transcriptome analyses identified some of the possible monosaccharides and oligosaccharides which support this enhanced co-cultivation growth/viability phenotype. This study describes the potential existence of a gut commensal relationship between two bifidobacterial species. We demonstrate the in vitro ability of B. breve UCC2003 to cross-feed on sugars released by the mucin-degrading activity of B. bifidum PRL2010, thus advancing our knowledge on the metabolic adaptability which allows the former strain to colonize the (infant) gut by its extensive metabolic abilities to (co-)utilize available carbohydrate sources.

  20. [Effects of allelochemical dibutyl phthalate on Gymnodinium breve reactive oxygen species].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bie, Cong-Cong; Li, Feng-Min; Li, Yuan-Yuan; Wang, Zhen-Yu

    2012-02-01

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of inhibitory action of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on red tide algae Gymnodinium breve. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, contents of *OH and H2O2, and O2*(-) production rate were investigated, and also for the effects of electron transfer inhibitors on the ROS induction of DBP. The results showed that DBP triggered the synthesis of reactive oxygen species ROS, and with the increase of concentration of DBP, *OH and H2O2 contents in cells accumulated, as for the 3 mg x L(-1) DBP treated algae cultures, OH showed a peak of 33 U x mL(-1) at 48 h, which was about 2. 4 times higher than that in the controlled, and H2O2 contents was about 250 nmol x (10(7) cells)(-1) at 72 h, which was about 5 times higher and also was the highest during the whole culture. Rotenone (an inhibitor of complex I in the mitochondria electron transport chain) decreased the DBP induced ROS production, and dicumarol (an inhibitor of the redox enzyme system in the plasma membrane) stimulated the DBP induced ROS production. Taken all together, the results demonstrated DBP induced over production of reactive oxygen species in G. breve, which is the main inhibitory mechanism, and mitochondria and plasma membrane seem to be the main target site of DBP. These conclusions were of scientific meaning on uncovering the inhibitory mechanism of allelochemical on algae.

  1. La medición de síntomas psicológicos y psicosomáticos: el Listado de Síntomas Breve (LSB-50

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manuel R. Abuín

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available El Listado de Síntomas Breve (LSB-50 es un instrumento de evaluación psicopatológica utilizado para el despistaje de síntomas psicológicos y psicosomáticos. El LSB-50 contiene nueve escalas y subescalas clínicas, a las que se ha añadido un índice de riesgo psicopatológico, tres índices globales y dos escalas de validez. El objetivo de este estudio fue estudiar la fiabilidad y validez del instrumento. Se ha empleado una muestra de 1.242 sujetos, 790 pertenecientes a la población general y 452 a muestras clínicas. Los coeficientes de consistencia interna alfa de las escalas oscilan entre .79 y .90, mientras que los estudios de validez tanto factorial como criterial (correlación con variables de dependencia y vínculo interpersonal y análisis discriminantes aportan evidencias de validez de la prueba. Se plantea la discusión sobre la utilidad de los cuestionarios de síntomas para el diagnóstico psicopatológico y posibles implicaciones en las conceptualizaciones de los síndromes clínicos psicopatológicos.

  2. Percepción de docentes directivos, profesores, alumnos y apoderados sobre la incidencia de la JECD en el contexto institucional estudio de casos en la región metropolitana de Chile

    OpenAIRE

    Rebolledo Zurita, María Magdalena

    2012-01-01

    A modo de introducción hacemos una breve reseña sobre la sociedad actual, la expansión de la educación en América Latina y las políticas que llevaron a Chile a participar en un proceso de reforma educativa, posteriormente presentamos capítulo a capítulo el trabajo realizado. La mundialización de la modernidad se refiere principalmente a ese proceso de alargamiento de los métodos de conexión entre diferentes contextos sociales o regionales que se convierten en una red a lo largo de toda la...

  3. Estado da Arte nos Quitinozoários: Designação da Ordem, Afinidades Biológicas, Paleoambiente e Breve Histórico no Âmbito das Bacias do Amazonas e do Paraná

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hilda Leonor Coevas de Azevedo-Soares

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available Interpretados sob diversas óticas variando conforme o pensamento científico dos pesquisadores, os quitinozoários constituem um grupo enigmático tanto no que diz respeito ao seu significado como as suas afinidades biológicas. Distribuídos desde o Ordoviciano (Tremadociano até o final Devoniano, estes organismos são hoje ferramentas primordiais na datação desses estratos assim como na prospecção de depósitos de combustíveis fósseis. O presente trabalho levantará, portanto, aspectos da atualidade sobre o estado da arte dos quitinozoários tendo como base à designação da ordem Chitinozoa criada por A. Eisenack em 1931 e posteriormente reformulada pelo mesmo em 1972, com a divisão nas ordens Prosomatifera e Operculifera. Além de suas possíveis afinidades biológicas (filogenia com outros grupos fósseis e viventes como rotíferos e cnidários. No Brasil estes ocorrem desde o final do Ordoviciano? ao Devoniano, desta feita traçaremos um breve histórico sobre os trabalhos desenvolvidos nos últimos cinqüenta anos em duas de suas principais bacias paleozóicas: Amazonas e Paraná.

  4. IMPACTO DEL TRATADO DE LIBRE COMERCIO ENTRE COLOMBIA Y EEUU, SOBRE EL ACCESO A LOS MEDICAMENTOS EN COLOMBIA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José David Millán Cano

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo, más que pretender continuar con la franca crítica al Tratado de Libre Comercio (TLC entre Colombia y EE.UU, busca dar una aproximación a las posibles repercusiones que este acuerdo tendrá sobre el acceso a los medicamentos de los afiliados al Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud (SGSSS colombiano en  mediano y largo plazo.Para lograr esto, se definirá qué se entiende por Tratado de Libre Comercio, para luego realizar una breve reseña histórica de su evolución. Luego, y para entender un poco la relación que ha unido a Colombia y a EEUU en términos comerciales, se intentará dar un panorama histórico sobre el tema. Se continuará con una descripción de cómo fue el proceso de negociación sin perder de vista los antecedentes y causas de tipo político, económico, y social que motivaron un TLC entre Colombia y EEUU, teniendo en cuenta qué sectores quedaron incluidos en la negociación, qué servicios y con qué condiciones, para luego, evaluar cómo se ve afectado el derecho a la salud y sobre todo el acceso a los medicamentos para los afiliados al SGSSS colombiano a mediano y largo plazo.

  5. [Mechanism of the inhibitory action of allelochemical dibutyl phthalate on algae Gymnodinium breve].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bie, Cong-Cong; Li, Feng-Min; Wang, Yi-Fei; Wang, Hao-Yun; Zhao, Ya-Han; Zhao, Wei; Wang, Zhen-Yu

    2012-01-01

    The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of inhibitory action of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on red tide algae Gymnodinium breve. The effects of DBP on malonaldehyde, subcellular structure and superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms were investigated. The results showed that MDA accumulated in the algae cell under DBP exposure, and for the 3 mg x L(-1) DBP treated algae culture a peak value of 0.34 micromol x (10(9) cells) (-1) occurred at 72 h, which was about 2. 3 times than that of the control. TEM pictures showed the disruption of DBP on the subcellular structure of G. breve. A morphological phenomenon appeared that the algae cell was commonly found small tubules or apical parts around the cell membrane, and almost all normal cell organelles were indistinguishable finally. The activity of CuZn-SOD (main cytoplast located isoform with little in cloroplast) under DBP exposure was higher than that of the control, and no significant difference was observed on Fe-SOD (chloroplast located isoform) activity, but for the Mn-SOD (mitochondrial isoform), the activity was significantly inhibited. These results indicated that DBP might inhibit the algae growth from the plasma membrane and the mitochondria, resulting in oxidative damage in algae cell and a final death. This paper will give a theoretical support to the practical usage of the allelochemical on red tide algae.

  6. Breve noticia sobre el cuento en Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nestor Madrid Malo

    1968-10-01

    Full Text Available Tal vez ningún sector de la literatura colombiana ha sido objeto de menos estudio que el cuento. A la novela y a la poesía -al teatro incluso, no obstante su escaso cultivo entre nosotros- se han dedicado múltiples ensayos, que facilitan así ampliamente la tarea de quien deba presentar su línea histórica o su estado actual. Pero cosa bien distinta sucede con el cuento, género de muy reciente trayectoria en el país.

  7. ¿Los Mejores Perfumes Vienen en Envases Pequeños?: Potencial de las Intervenciones Breves en el Contexto Educativo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    MADELEINE BARRERA

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Recientemente se han desarrollado intervenciones escolares breves basadas en teorías motivacionales y de psicologíasocial. Estas intervenciones, algunas de solamente 15 minutos, han obtenido resultados positivos a largo plazo sobredominios como el desempeño académico y la convivencia escolar. Este artículo hace una revisión de sus objetivos,características, fundamentos teóricos, evaluaciones y condiciones necesarias para su diseño e implementación. En general,el objetivo de estas intervenciones breves es transformar creencias, pensamientos o sentimientos de un segmentoparticular de la población estudiantil, considerado en riesgo. Además, buscan romper círculos viciosos al intervenir enmomentos específicos de procesos recursivos. Finalmente, esta revisión analiza sus alcances, implicaciones y limitaciones,y sugiere futuras investigaciones.

  8. LEITURA DIGITAL E COMPLEXIFICAÇÃO: REFLEXÕES SOBRE A CONSTITUIÇÃO DE SI

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nize Maria Campos Pellanda

    2009-08-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo trata da leitura abordada com ênfase no espaço digital e sustentada nos pressupostos do paradigma da complexidade. O texto inicia com uma caracterização breve da nova cultura digital e suas possibilidades em termos de uma potencialização das condições de construção do sujeito/ construção de subjetividade. A cibercultura torna-se possível a partir de uma abordagem complexa da realidade, ou seja, da consideração de diferentes dimensões dos fenômenos de forma integrada. Nesse sentido, a leitura é considera como uma ação complexa por não separar cognição da constituição de si, no processo de ler. Alguns dados de pesquisa sobre leitura com adolescentes de classes populares são trazidos para ilustrar os elementos teóricos discutidos.

  9. A PEC 65 E O PLANEJAMENTO URBANO NO BRASIL: Um recorte sobre a inobservância dos direitos da sociedade civil em questões de meio ambiente nas estratégias de governo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ingrid Elena Schnoor

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available A Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental (AIA é o instrumento-modelo vigente que auxilia no planejamento e na tomada de decisão sobre empreendimentos que impactem negativamente o meio ambiente. É um instrumento técnico-racional, a ser aplicado sobre situações complexas. Mesmo sendo vital para a gestão da ação antrópica sobre os recursos e sobre o meio ambiente no planeta, por sua idade, (surgiu nos anos 60 do século XX, está, ainda, em processo de desenvolvimento e amadurecimento. E, por seu caráter regulador que impõe dificuldades ao avanço de empreendimentos econômicos, incomoda. Se a forma de avaliar (linear e contínua não dialoga com os problemas decorrentes (complexos, isto pode levar a um resultado tendencioso e incompleto, passível de questionamento sobre sua eficácia. É o que se tem visto. Este artigo expõe a Proposta de Emenda Constitucional, PEC 65/2012, em tramitação para aprovação, cujo texto tenta anular a eficácia da AIA e calar a voz da sociedade, fazendo um breve recorte histórico para mostrar os riscos de tal aprovação se concretizar.

  10. Myosin-cross-reactive antigen (MCRA) protein from Bifidobacterium breve is a FAD-dependent fatty acid hydratase which has a function in stress protection

    LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

    Rosberg-Cody, Eva

    2011-02-17

    Abstract Background The aim of this study was to determine the catalytic activity and physiological role of myosin-cross-reactive antigen (MCRA) from Bifidobacterium breve NCIMB 702258. MCRA from B. breve NCIMB 702258 was cloned, sequenced and expressed in heterologous hosts (Lactococcus and Corynebacterium) and the recombinant proteins assessed for enzymatic activity against fatty acid substrates. Results MCRA catalysed the conversion of palmitoleic, oleic and linoleic acids to the corresponding 10-hydroxy fatty acids, but shorter chain fatty acids were not used as substrates, while the presence of trans-double bonds and double bonds beyond the position C12 abolished hydratase activity. The hydroxy fatty acids produced were not metabolised further. We also found that heterologous Lactococcus and Corynebacterium expressing MCRA accumulated increasing amounts of 10-HOA and 10-HOE in the culture medium. Furthermore, the heterologous cultures exhibited less sensitivity to heat and solvent stresses compared to corresponding controls. Conclusions MCRA protein in B. breve can be classified as a FAD-containing double bond hydratase, within the carbon-oxygen lyase family, which may be catalysing the first step in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) production, and this protein has an additional function in bacterial stress protection.

  11. Myosin-cross-reactive antigen (MCRA protein from Bifidobacterium breve is a FAD-dependent fatty acid hydratase which has a function in stress protection

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ross R

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background The aim of this study was to determine the catalytic activity and physiological role of myosin-cross-reactive antigen (MCRA from Bifidobacterium breve NCIMB 702258. MCRA from B. breve NCIMB 702258 was cloned, sequenced and expressed in heterologous hosts (Lactococcus and Corynebacterium and the recombinant proteins assessed for enzymatic activity against fatty acid substrates. Results MCRA catalysed the conversion of palmitoleic, oleic and linoleic acids to the corresponding 10-hydroxy fatty acids, but shorter chain fatty acids were not used as substrates, while the presence of trans-double bonds and double bonds beyond the position C12 abolished hydratase activity. The hydroxy fatty acids produced were not metabolised further. We also found that heterologous Lactococcus and Corynebacterium expressing MCRA accumulated increasing amounts of 10-HOA and 10-HOE in the culture medium. Furthermore, the heterologous cultures exhibited less sensitivity to heat and solvent stresses compared to corresponding controls. Conclusions MCRA protein in B. breve can be classified as a FAD-containing double bond hydratase, within the carbon-oxygen lyase family, which may be catalysing the first step in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA production, and this protein has an additional function in bacterial stress protection.

  12. Myosin-cross-reactive antigen (MCRA) protein from Bifidobacterium breve is a FAD-dependent fatty acid hydratase which has a function in stress protection.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rosberg-Cody, Eva; Liavonchanka, Alena; Göbel, Cornelia; Ross, R Paul; O'Sullivan, Orla; Fitzgerald, Gerald F; Feussner, Ivo; Stanton, Catherine

    2011-02-17

    The aim of this study was to determine the catalytic activity and physiological role of myosin-cross-reactive antigen (MCRA) from Bifidobacterium breve NCIMB 702258. MCRA from B. breve NCIMB 702258 was cloned, sequenced and expressed in heterologous hosts (Lactococcus and Corynebacterium) and the recombinant proteins assessed for enzymatic activity against fatty acid substrates. MCRA catalysed the conversion of palmitoleic, oleic and linoleic acids to the corresponding 10-hydroxy fatty acids, but shorter chain fatty acids were not used as substrates, while the presence of trans-double bonds and double bonds beyond the position C12 abolished hydratase activity. The hydroxy fatty acids produced were not metabolised further. We also found that heterologous Lactococcus and Corynebacterium expressing MCRA accumulated increasing amounts of 10-HOA and 10-HOE in the culture medium. Furthermore, the heterologous cultures exhibited less sensitivity to heat and solvent stresses compared to corresponding controls. MCRA protein in B. breve can be classified as a FAD-containing double bond hydratase, within the carbon-oxygen lyase family, which may be catalysing the first step in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) production, and this protein has an additional function in bacterial stress protection.

  13. Cell-free culture supernatant of Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-4035 decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines in human dendritic cells challenged with Salmonella typhi through TLR activation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bermudez-Brito, Miriam; Muñoz-Quezada, Sergio; Gomez-Llorente, Carolina; Matencio, Esther; Bernal, Maria J; Romero, Fernando; Gil, Angel

    2013-01-01

    Dendritic cells (DCs) constitute the first point of contact between gut commensals and our immune system. Despite growing evidence of the immunomodulatory effects of probiotics, the interactions between the cells of the intestinal immune system and bacteria remain largely unknown. Indeed,, the aim of this work was to determine whether the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-4035 and its cell-free culture supernatant (CFS) have immunomodulatory effects in human intestinal-like dendritic cells (DCs) and how they respond to the pathogenic bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, and also to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in these interactions. Human DCs were directly challenged with B. breve/CFS, S. typhi or a combination of these stimuli for 4 h. The expression pattern of genes involved in Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway and cytokine secretion was analyzed. CFS decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in human intestinal DCs challenged with S. typhi. In contrast, the B. breve CNCM I-4035 probiotic strain was a potent inducer of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines tested, i.e., TNF-α, IL-8 and RANTES, as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-10. CFS restored TGF-β levels in the presence of Salmonella. Live B.breve and its supernatant enhanced innate immune responses by the activation of TLR signaling pathway. These treatments upregulated TLR9 gene transcription. In addition, CFS was a more potent inducer of TLR9 expression than the probiotic bacteria in the presence of S. typhi. Expression levels of CASP8 and IRAK4 were also increased by CFS, and both treatments induced TOLLIP gene expression. Our results indicate that the probiotic strain B. breve CNCM I-4035 affects the intestinal immune response, whereas its supernatant exerts anti-inflammatory effects mediated by DCs. This supernatant may protect immune system from highly infectious agents such as Salmonella typhi and can down-regulate pro

  14. Cell-free culture supernatant of Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-4035 decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines in human dendritic cells challenged with Salmonella typhi through TLR activation.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miriam Bermudez-Brito

    Full Text Available Dendritic cells (DCs constitute the first point of contact between gut commensals and our immune system. Despite growing evidence of the immunomodulatory effects of probiotics, the interactions between the cells of the intestinal immune system and bacteria remain largely unknown. Indeed,, the aim of this work was to determine whether the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-4035 and its cell-free culture supernatant (CFS have immunomodulatory effects in human intestinal-like dendritic cells (DCs and how they respond to the pathogenic bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, and also to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in these interactions. Human DCs were directly challenged with B. breve/CFS, S. typhi or a combination of these stimuli for 4 h. The expression pattern of genes involved in Toll-like receptor (TLR signaling pathway and cytokine secretion was analyzed. CFS decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in human intestinal DCs challenged with S. typhi. In contrast, the B. breve CNCM I-4035 probiotic strain was a potent inducer of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines tested, i.e., TNF-α, IL-8 and RANTES, as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-10. CFS restored TGF-β levels in the presence of Salmonella. Live B.breve and its supernatant enhanced innate immune responses by the activation of TLR signaling pathway. These treatments upregulated TLR9 gene transcription. In addition, CFS was a more potent inducer of TLR9 expression than the probiotic bacteria in the presence of S. typhi. Expression levels of CASP8 and IRAK4 were also increased by CFS, and both treatments induced TOLLIP gene expression. Our results indicate that the probiotic strain B. breve CNCM I-4035 affects the intestinal immune response, whereas its supernatant exerts anti-inflammatory effects mediated by DCs. This supernatant may protect immune system from highly infectious agents such as Salmonella typhi and can down

  15. A Conserved Two-Component Signal Transduction System Controls the Response to Phosphate Starvation in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Alvarez-Martin, P.; Fernandez, M.; O'Connell-Motherway, M.; O'Connell, K.J.; Sauvageot, N.; Fitzgerald, G.F.; Macsharry, J.; Zomer, A.L.; Sinderen, D. van

    2012-01-01

    This work reports on the identification and molecular characterization of the two-component regulatory system (2CRS) PhoRP, which controls the response to inorganic phosphate (P(i)) starvation in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. The response regulator PhoP was shown to bind to the promoter region of

  16. A prevenção da distanásia nas legislações brasileira e francesa Preventive measures against medical futility in brazilian and french legislations

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    Paulo Antonio de Carvalho Fortes

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available O texto pretende trazer uma breve reflexão bioética sobre as legislações brasileira e francesa incidentes sobre a distanásia.The text intends to encourage a brief bioethical discussion about medical futility as currently found in Brazilian and French legislations.

  17. Complete genome sequence of the probiotic bacterium Bifidobacterium breve KCTC 12201BP isolated from a healthy infant.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kwak, Min-Jung; Yoon, Jae-Kyung; Kwon, Soon-Kyeong; Chung, Myung-Jun; Seo, Jae-Gu; Kim, Jihyun F

    2015-11-20

    We present the completely sequenced genome of Bifidobacterium breve CBT BR3, which was isolated from the feces of a healthy infant. The 2.43-Mb genome contains several kinds of genetic factors associated with health promotion of the human host such as oligosaccharide-degrading genes and vitamin-biosynthetic genes. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  18. Crônica política sobre um documento contra a "ditabranda"

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    Caio Navarro de Toledo

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available Este breve artigo, uma crônica política, examina o significado e os efeitos políticos e ideológicos de um abaixo-assinado criado na Internet, em fevereiro de 2009. "Repúdio e Solidariedade" questionou a utilização do termo "ditabranda" - difundido pelo jornal paulista Folha de S. Paulo para designar a ditadura militar brasileira -, bem como prestou solidariedade a dois acadêmicos e intelectuais da Universidade de São Paulo (USP, conhecidos por suas atuações em defesa dos direitos humanos no Brasil. Subscrito por mais de 8 mil signatários, em pouco mais de seis semanas, o abaixo-assinado pode ser considerado - como testemunham os extensos comentários nele contidos - um relevante documento na luta pelo direito à verdade e à justiça sobre os fatos ocorridos durante o regime militar brasileiro (1964-1985. Talvez o seu papel simbólico mais relevante seja o de ter fincado uma bandeira na luta ideológica em torno da memória sobre 1964. No centro dessa bandeira seria reinscrita - como propôs um dos signatários do documento - a antiga consigna: no pasarán. Ou seja, os setores democráticos e progressistas da sociedade brasileira que apoiaram "Repúdio e Solidariedade" afirmam que não aceitarão calados as "falsificações da história" que impliquem o insulto à memória dos que lutaram, foram torturados e morreram na luta pela redemocratização do país.

  19. Breve historia del cine en el África negra. Cuando el cinc era "africano", pero sólo de nombre.

    OpenAIRE

    Speciale, Alessandra

    1999-01-01

    Speciale, A. (1999). Breve historia del cine en el África negra. Cuando el cinc era "africano", pero sólo de nombre. Nosferatu. Revista de cine. (30):4-19. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/41132. 4 19 30

  20. Recordando a Erlang : un breve paseo (sin esperas) por la Teoría de Colas

    OpenAIRE

    Delgado de la Torre, Rosario

    2009-01-01

    Este artículo tiene un doble objetivo : por una parte, dar cuenta de la celebración del centenario de la Teoría de Colas ; por otra, presentar una breve introducción a lo más clásico de dicha teoría, que pueda resultar de utilidad para aquellos que teniendo unos conocimientos elementales de probabilidad desean introducirse en ella de manera rápida y sin demasiadas complicaciones.

  1. Evidencias Psicométricas de una Medida Breve de Resiliencia en Adultos Mayores Peruanos no Institucionalizados

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tomás Caycho-Rodríguez

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available La resiliencia es comprendida como el dominio de recursos personales y factores contextuales que permiten un afrontamiento exitoso y el logro de una adaptación positiva ante los diferentes estresores que aparecen a lo largo de la vida, siendo así importante dentro del proceso de envejecimiento saludable y exitoso. En la actualidad se han desarrollado instrumentos breves para la medición de la resiliencia como la escala breve de resiliencia (BRCS - Brief Resilient Coping Scale que evalúa la capacidad de los individuos para hacer frente al estrés de manera adaptativa. En este sentido, el estudio ofrece evidencia de validez y fiabilidad de la BRCS en adultos mayores no institucionalizados peruanos. Se contó con la participación de 236 adultos mayores con una edad promedio de 72.8 años (DT = 6.90 de los cuales el 78.4% eran mujeres y el 21.6% hombres, quienes respondieron la versión en español del BRCS y otras escalas para medir la satisfacción con la vida, humor como afrontamiento y depresión. Mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio se corrobora la estructura unidimensional de la BRCS. Los coeficientes de consistencia interna alfa de Cronbach y omega indicaron una adecuada fiabilidad de la BRCS. Tanto los índices de ajuste del modelo como los valores de los coeficientes de fiabilidad fueron mejores en comparación con los reportados en la literatura. La BRCS mostró una correlación positiva significativa con la satisfacción con la vida y el humor como afrontamiento (p < .01. Asimismo, se observó una correlación negativa significativa con depresión (p < .01. Los resultados muestran que la BRCS cuenta con evidencias de validez y fiabilidad que avala su empleo como medida breve de la resiliencia en adultos mayores peruanos.

  2. Bifidobacterium breve C50 secretes lipoprotein with CHAP domain recognized in aggregated form by TLR2.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Scuotto, Angelo; Djorie, Serge; Colavizza, Michel; Romond, Pierre-Charles; Romond, Marie-Bénédicte

    2014-12-01

    Extracellular components secreted by Bifidobacterium breve C50 can induce maturation, high IL-10 production and prolonged survival of dendritic cells via a TLR2 pathway. In this study, the components were isolated from the supernatant by gel filtration chromatography. Antibodies raised against the major compounds with molecular weight above 600 kDa (Bb C50BC) also recognized compounds of lower molecular weight (200–600 kDa). TLR2 and TLR6 bound to the components already recognized by the antibodies. Trypsin digestion of Bb C50BC released three major peptides whose sequences displayed close similarities to a putative secreted protein with a CHAP amidase domain from B. breve. The 1300-bp genomic region corresponding to the hypothetical protein was amplified by PCR. The deduced polypeptide started with an N-terminal signal sequence of 45 amino acids, containing the lipobox motif (LAAC) with the cysteine in position 25, and 2 positively charged residues within the first 14 residues of the signal sequence. Lipid detection in Bb C50BC by GC/MS further supported the implication of a lipoprotein. Sugars were also detected in Bb C50BC. Close similarity with the glucan-binding protein B from Bifidobacterium animalis of two released peptides from Bb C50BC protein suggested that glucose moieties, possibly in glucan form, could be bound to the lipoprotein. Finally, heating at 100 °C for 5 min led to the breakdown of Bb C50BC in compounds of molecular weight below 67 kDa, which suggested that Bb C50BC was an aggregate. One might assume that a basic unit was formed by the lipoprotein bound putatively to glucan. Besides the other sugars and hexosamines recognized by galectin 1 were localized at the surface of the Bb C50BC aggregate. In conclusion, the extracellular components secreted by B. breve C50 were constituted of a lipoprotein putatively associated with glucose moieties and acting in an aggregating form as an agonist of TLR2/TLR6.

  3. Alguns clicks: Considerações sobre o manejo da relação triádica na crise em saúde mental/Some clicks: considerations about the manegement on triadic relation dinamic on a mental health crisis case

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernanda Del Santoro Reis

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Trata-se de análise da prática no contexto de enfermaria psiquiátrica em hospital geral. Discute-se a internação breve para a atenção psicossocial, em estratégias de produção de sentido, e o potencial da terapia ocupacional à luz do Método Terapia Ocupacional Dinâmica. Destacam-se os procedimentos em terapia ocupacional na análise dos movimentos dinâmicos da relação triádica, instigando a realização de atividades, o reconhecimento de si, a instauração do desejo da construção de uma nova história – elemento significativo para avaliar a alta em contextos de curto prazo. Espera-se ampliar reflexões sobre a assistência em terapia ocupacional nas internações hospitalares breves em saúde mental.This is a practice analysis report on a psychiatric ward in the general university hospital. Short hospitalization is discussed as psychosocial care strategy, focusing on strategies of  making-meaning and occupational therapy potentials in the light of  Dynamic Occupational Therapy Method. We emphasize occupational therapist procedures for triadic relationship dynamic movements analysis, seeking to enable the individual engaging in activities, self-recognition , establishing the desire for a new history - a significant element to think about the discharge in contexts of short term care. It is hoped that this paper improves reflections about the assistance in occupational therapy on short mental health  hospitalizations.Keywords: Crisis intervention; Mental health; Occupational therapy.Se trata de análisis de la práctica en el contexto de enfermería psiquiátrica en el hospital general. Se discute la hospitalización breve en el molde de la atención psicosocial, asociada a  producción de significados y al potencial de terapia ocupacional con del Método Terapia Ocupacional Dinámica. Se destacan los procedimientos en terapia ocupacional para análisis de los movimientos dinámicos de la relación triádica, llevando al

  4. O Sistema Nacional de Combate ao Abuso e à Exploração Sexual Infantojuvenil e o Plano Nacional: um exemplo de política pública aplicada

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thaísa Veras

    Full Text Available Este artigo tem por objetivo principal tratar de uma política pública aplicada, qual seja, o Sistema Nacional de Combate ao Abuso e à Exploração Sexual Infantojuvenil. Para tanto, inicialmente, é apresentada uma breve definição dos termos, com o intuito de esclarecer a forma como foram interpretados e utilizados no texto. Além disso, é definido o significado de políticas públicas, para que se tenha maior clareza sobre como estas podem auxiliar no entendimento do tema. Por fim, são apresentados os impactos sociais do Sistema Nacional e feito um breve relato sobre o Plano Nacional.

  5. Efficacy of Bifidobacterium breve Fermented Milk in Maintaining Remission of Ulcerative Colitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Matsuoka, Katsuyoshi; Uemura, Yukari; Kanai, Takanori; Kunisaki, Reiko; Suzuki, Yasuo; Yokoyama, Kaoru; Yoshimura, Naoki; Hibi, Toshifumi

    2018-02-15

    Fermented milk products containing Bifidobacterium breve strain Yakult (BFM) may improve clinical status in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. To assess efficacy of BFM in maintaining remission in Japanese patients with quiescent UC. This double-blind study (B-FLORA) enrolled 195 patients with quiescent UC, randomized to receive one pack of BFM fermented milk per day [Bifidobacterium breve strain Yakult (10 billion bacteria) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (1 billion bacteria)] (n = 98) or matching placebo (n = 97) for 48 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was relapse-free survival (relapse: rectal bleeding score ≥ 2 on Sutherland disease activity index scale for 3 consecutive days and/or initiation of remission induction therapy for worsening of UC). An interim analysis was conducted after inclusion and follow-up of one-third of patients for the first phase of the study (n = 195). Relapse-free survival was not significantly different between the BFM and placebo groups (P = 0.643; hazard ratio 1.16; 95% CI 0.63-2.14, log-rank test), nor was the incidence of relapse. Therefore, the study was discontinued for lack of efficacy. An exploratory analysis of fecal samples from a subgroup of patients revealed no effects of either study beverage on intestinal microbiota, but there was a significant decrease in Bifidobacterium species before relapse, regardless of treatment group. Three mild adverse events occurred for which a causal relationship with the study beverage could not be ruled out (placebo: abdominal bloating and stress in one patient; BFM: body odor in one patient). BFM had no effect on time to relapse in UC patients compared with placebo. UMIN000007593.

  6. The Modular Teaching Organization System (MTOS from the perspective of graduates in the municipality of Breves - Pará

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    João Marcelino Pantoja Rodrigues

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available This work is the result of a research in education. It analyzes contributions and limitations of the Modular Teaching Organization System in the education of young people in the rural environment of the municipality of Breves, Pará, from the perceptions of high school graduates. It considers the needs and expectations of this public. The research was carried out through a qualitative field study in the Mainardi village, a pioneer community in the offering of this program in the rural environment of Breves. The main technique of data collection is a semi-structured interview with six young graduates, whose responses were treated in light of the thematic content analysis. The results point to the affirmation of the importance of this program as the only alternative of access to secondary education for a large portion of young people from the rural environment of Pará. At the same time, the results reveal the mismatch of the experience in relation to the needs and expectations of this public of secondary education.

  7. Regulation on power efficiency in the automobile; Regulacion sobre eficiencia energetica en el automovil

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Maldonado Susano, Armando; Romero de Vivar Uvaldo, Pascual [Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

    2001-07-01

    In this article it is presented a brief analysis of one of the regulations on the yield of fuel consumption of the light vehicles that promoted substantial changes in the Mexican automotive industry, the decree denominated PREMCE (Average of minimum fuel yield by company), as well as some international experiences relative to the subject. It is also indicated the evolution, in the last years, of the average yields of fuel consumption (Km/L) in Mexico in the new automobiles and the more important technological factors that affect their energy efficiency. [Spanish] En este articulo se presenta un breve analisis de una de las regulaciones sobre el rendimiento de consumo de combustible de los vehiculos ligeros que promovio cambios sustanciales en la industria automotriz mexicana, el decreto denominado Premce (Promedio de rendimiento minimo de combustible por empresa), asi como algunas experiencias internacionales relativas al tema. Se senala tambien la evolucion, en los ultimos anos, de los rendimientos promedio de consumo de combustible (Km/L) en Mexico en los automoviles nuevos y los factores tecnologicos mas importantes que influyen en su eficiencia energetica.

  8. Distribuição etária do sarampo e vacinação: considerações sobre alguns dados do município do Rio de Janeiro

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo C.R. Barata

    1985-03-01

    Full Text Available São apresentados alguns dados sobre a distribuição etária dos casos notificados de sarampo no Município do Rio de Janeiro entre 1964 e 1982, observando-se a modificação ocorrida nesta distribuição entre o período pré-vacinação e o período pós-vacinação. Estes dados são comparados com dados de alguns outros países e é feita uma breve discussão sobre a influência da vacinação na epidemiologia do sarampo.Some data are presented on the age distribution of the reported cases of measles in the Município do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between 1964 and 1982, focusing on changes in this distribution between the prevaccination and postvaccination years. These data are compared with those of some other countries and a short discussion is made about the influence of vaccination on the epidemiology of measles.

  9. Intestinal Microbiota in Pediatric Surgical Cases Administered Bifidobacterium Breve: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Okazaki, Tadaharu; Asahara, Takashi; Yamataka, Atsuyuki; Ogasawara, Yuki; Lane, Geoffrey J; Nomoto, Koji; Nagata, Satoru; Yamashiro, Yuichiro

    2016-07-01

    The efficacy of perioperative probiotic administration has been reported in adults. We examined the effects of orally administered Bifidobacterium breve strain Yakult (BBG-01) on outcomes in pediatric surgical cases by assessing intestinal and blood microbiota. BBG-01 was well tolerated without adverse effects, and postoperative infectious complications were significantly decreased. Fecal analysis showed increased Bifidobacterium and decreased Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridium difficile, and Pseudomonas. Concentrations of fecal acetic acid were significantly increased, maintaining fecal pH at <7.0. The incidence of detecting bacteria in blood was significantly reduced. BBG-01 improved the intestinal environment, and may be implicated in suppressing bacterial translocation.

  10. Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 metabolises the human milk oligosaccharides lacto-N-tetraose and lacto-N-neo-tetraose through overlapping, yet distinct pathways

    Science.gov (United States)

    James, Kieran; Motherway, Mary O’Connell; Bottacini, Francesca; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2016-01-01

    In this study, we demonstrate that the prototype B. breve strain UCC2003 possesses specific metabolic pathways for the utilisation of lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), which represent the central moieties of Type I and Type II human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), respectively. Using a combination of experimental approaches, the enzymatic machinery involved in the metabolism of LNT and LNnT was identified and characterised. Homologs of the key genetic loci involved in the utilisation of these HMO substrates were identified in B. breve, B. bifidum, B. longum subsp. infantis and B. longum subsp. longum using bioinformatic analyses, and were shown to be variably present among other members of the Bifidobacterium genus, with a distinct pattern of conservation among human-associated bifidobacterial species. PMID:27929046

  11. El espacio catalán de relaciones laborales: breve reflexión sobre el modelo de participación institucional

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miguel Ángel Catalinas

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available La actual situación económica ha reabierto el debate sobre la reforma de la administración pública, concretamente desde la vertiente del gasto que realiza y el tipo de servicios que debe seguir prestando o no. Asimismo, se han promovido diversos estudios e informes que cuestionan la viabilidad de determinados organismos públicos, con el objetivo de buscar una mejor eficiencia y evitar duplicidades. En este sentido, se plantea la reflexión sobre tres organismos que forman parte del marco de relaciones laborales de Catalunya (El Consejo de Relaciones Laborales, El Tribunal Laboral de Catalunya y el Consejo de Trabajo, Económico y Social de Catalunya, con el fin de explorar posibles modelos institucionales alternativos, que se construiran aplicando la metodología de los MOE’s (modelos de orientación estratégica, que se ajusten mejor a la realidad económica y laboral y que, en todo caso, den respuesta a la necesidad de establecer estructuras organizativas más eficientes. The current economic situation has reopened the debate on the reform of public administration, particularly from the perspective of the expenditure carried out and the type of services that must continue being offered or not. Several studies and reports have been also tackling the discussion on the viability of certain public bodies in order to achieve better efficiency and avoid duplications. We focus our study on three institutions that comprise the institutional frame of labour relations in Catalonia (Labour Relations Board, the Labour Court of Catalonia, Economic and Social Council of Catalonia, models will be designed using “MOE”’s methodology (Strategic Orientation Models in order to explore alternative institutional frames that may fit properly in economic and labor current context and also respond to requirements for more efficient organizational structures.

  12. Consideraciones sobre la regulación jurídica ambiental de los servicios ecosistémicos en Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Clara María Minaverry

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar un análisis de los aspectos centrales de la normativa sobre servicios ambientales o ecosistémicos de Argentina, y una breve referencia a la de una selección de países de América Latina (Perú y Costa Rica. Se utilizaron los métodos de observación documental y el de comparación normativa. Uno de los resultados más destacados es que en el último año se han presentado proyectos de leyes ante el Congreso Nacional, cuyos lineamientos generales podrían servir como antecedentes. Sin embargo, en paralelo debería realizarse una evaluación integral respecto a si deben derogarse o modificarse ciertas normas ambientales vigentes, para que no generen nuevas contradicciones. Una de las limitaciones para el caso de Argentina, es que no se dictó una norma específica que regule a los servicios ambientales. Podemos concluir que en la normativa de los otros países de la región que cuentan con leyes sobre pago por servicios ecosistémicos, se pueden encontrar algunos aspectos de relevancia que podrían ser tenidos en cuenta para una futura norma jurídica y/o políticas públicas en Argentina.

  13. El género y el futuro de los estudios sobre el genocidio y la prevención

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elisa von Joeden-Forgey

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo aborda los aportes de la investigación sobre género para la definición del delito de genocidio y para aprehenderlo como proceso histórico. Se afirma que la violencia de género es un elemento central de aquel crimen. Más allá de los debates sobre la violencia y la violación sexual, se argumenta que abordar estas atrocidades en general desde una perspectiva de género brinda herramientas importantes para un sistema de advertencia que debe ser incorporado a la metodología de investigación y a las estrategias de confección de informes de las Naciones Unidas, la Corte Internacional de Justicia (CPI, las organizaciones de derechos humanos y los organismos gubernamentales y servicios de inteligencia. Por medio de un breve análisis de los casos de Darfur y Srebrenica, el artículo demuestra el modo en que las conceptualizaciones que no incorporan la dimensión de género no logran reconocer y describir de manera adecuada los tipos específicos de violencia que son, en general, indicadores del crimen de genocidio. Además, se propone que esta deficiencia puede contribuir o perpetuar, sin advertirlo, las estrategias de negación de los genocidios.

  14. Sobre a dor e a delícia da atuação Psicológica no SUAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexandre Franca Barreto

    Full Text Available Este artigo traz reflexões sobre o trabalho do psicólogo no Sistema Único de Assistência Social, com base em uma experiência de seis anos de atuação no campo e em pesquisa em serviços de execução de medidas socioeducativas e educação social de rua, nos Municípios de Olinda e Recife, PE. Após breve histórico de minha trajetória no SUAS, procuro contextualizar minha identidade no atual cenário éticopolítico da profissão, envolvido pelas transformações no contexto da formação e pelas tendências atuais nos cenários da prática psicológica em políticas públicas. Proponho alguns elementos norteadores do exercício profissional na lógica do pêndulo: o cuidar e ser cuidado, a agressividade e a passividade, escutar o Outro e falar de si, como polos por onde devemos transitar para desenvolver uma prática qualificada e criativa. Por fim, são apontados questionamentos sobre a dinâmica do psicólogo nos serviços de assistência social, com algumas recomendações para o suporte e a qualificação do trabalho.

  15. Costo-efectividad de una intervención breve de apoyo a mujeres indígenas de Hidalgo, México, que viven con consumidores excesivos de alcohol

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Guillermina Natera Rey

    Full Text Available RESUMEN Objetivo Estimar la razón de costo-efectividad de una intervención breve de cinco pasos dirigida a reducir el estrés y los síntomas depresivos causados por convivir con un consumidor excesivo de alcohol. Métodos El análisis costo-efectividad se realizó usando un árbol de decisión y se basó en los síntomas depresivos medidos con la escala CES-D. La efectividad de la intervención breve se evaluó comparando un grupo de mujeres indígenas que recibieron la intervención (n = 43 con otro similar sin intervención (n = 30. Los grupos se evaluaron antes, inmediatamente después de la intervención y a los 12 meses y se llevó a cabo en el Estado de Hidalgo, en México. El tratamiento farmacológico fue seleccionado como alternativa de comparación utilizando distintas estimaciones. Para evaluar el valor de la remisión de los síntomas de depresión se emplearon las razones de cos-to-efectividad y costo-efectividad incremental. Asimismo, se realizaron análisis de sensibilidad. Resultados La intervención breve resultó ser más efectiva que la farmacológica en la remisión de síntomas depresivos y su costo fue más bajo ($US 31,24 y $US 107,60, respectivamente. Solo si la intervención breve incrementara su costo por encima de 338% o si su efectividad fuera menor de 22,8% dejaría de ser costo-efectiva. Conclusiones La intervención breve de cinco pasos es una alternativa costo-efectiva con la cual se consiguen reducir significativamente los síntomas de depresión de las mujeres indígenas ocasionados por convivir con un consumidor excesivo de alcohol, así como una opción accesible para la atención de la salud mental en el primer nivel de atención.

  16. UM ESTUDO SOBRE A OBRA “FUNDAMENTOS DA POLÍTICA JURÍDICA” DE OSVALDO FERREIRA DE MELO, ATRAVÉS DOS ELEMENTOS DE PERCEPÇÃO JURÍDICA DA “TEORIA TRIDIMENSIONAL DO DIREITO” DE MIGUEL REALE

    OpenAIRE

    Lehmkuhl, Mílard Zhaf Alves

    2012-01-01

    O presente trabalho apresenta uma visão da obra “Fundamentos da Política Jurídica” de Osvaldo Ferreira de Melo a partir dos elementos de Percepção Jurídica, fato – valor – norma, colhidos da obra “Teoria Tridimensional do Direito” de Miguel Reale. O artigo se inicia com uma breve apresentação da obra “Fundamentos da Política Jurídica” e sobre os elementos de percepção jurídica da “Teoria Tridimensional do Direito”. Partindo dessa contextualização e dessa tridimensionalidade como ferramenta de...

  17. A combination of scGOS/lcFOS with Bifidobacterium breve M-16V protects suckling rats from rotavirus gastroenteritis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rigo-Adrover, M; Saldaña-Ruíz, S; van Limpt, K; Knipping, K; Garssen, J; Knol, J; Franch, A; Castell, M; Pérez-Cano, F J

    2017-06-01

    Rotavirus (RV) is the leading cause of severe diarrhoea among infants and young children, and although more standardized studies are needed, there is evidence that probiotics can help to fight against RV and other infectious and intestinal pathologies. On the other hand, the effects of prebiotics have not been properly addressed in the context of an RV infection. The aim of this study was to demonstrate a protective role for a specific scGOS/lcFOS 9:1 prebiotic mixture (PRE) separately, the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve M-16V (PRO) separately and the combination of the prebiotic mixture and the probiotic (synbiotic, SYN) in a suckling rat RV infection model. The animals received the intervention from the 3rd to the 21st day of life by oral gavage. On day 7, RV was orally administered. Clinical parameters and immune response were evaluated. The intervention with the PRO reduced the incidence, severity and duration of the diarrhoea (p Bifidobacterium breve M-16V or a combination of both is highly effective in modulating RV-induced diarrhoea in this preclinical model.

  18. Breve ensayo sobre el devenir del libro moderno

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roberto Jalil Milad

    2006-08-01

    Full Text Available El libro ha sufrido modificaciones radicales durante su evolución, que ha acompañado a la evolución intelectual y cultural del hombre. Estas modificaciones han afectado tanto su estructura física como su organización interna. La producción artesanal del libro se modificó definitivamente en el siglo XIV con el advenimiento de la imprenta, transformando en forma decisiva la fabricación y venta de libros en una industria floreciente hasta nuestros días, permitiendo su expansión hacia el hombre común. Posteriormente, en el siglo XVIII, la aparición de la enciclopedia le dio un impulso insospechado, ayudando dinámicamente a modificar la forma en que el hombre accedía al conocimiento. El siglo XX, a través del desarrollo de Internet permitía al libro incorporarse a una matriz activa del conocimiento. Las características de Internet, como protovehículo de inteligencia artificial, plantea la disyuntiva de su origen desde una dimensión casual o causal, en una comparación inevitable con los orígenes mismos del lenguaje.

  19. BREVES CONSIDERACIONES SOBRE EL BOXEO Y EL DERECHO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luis Ariel Salanueva Brito

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available A través de una reflexión, el autor determina analogías entre el Derecho y el boxeo, donde da fe de las coincidencias que en cuestión de habilidades se presentan en ambas tareas, en ambos compromisos; haciendo de la abogacía, una profesión naturalmente relacionada con el pugilismo.

  20. BREVES CONSIDERACIONES SOBRE EL BOXEO Y EL DERECHO

    OpenAIRE

    Brito, Luis Ariel Salanueva; Escuela Libre de Derecho (ELD)

    2016-01-01

    A través de una reflexión, el autor determina analogías entre el Derecho y el boxeo, donde da fe de las coincidencias que en cuestión de habilidades se presentan en ambas tareas, en ambos compromisos; haciendo de la abogacía, una profesión naturalmente relacionada con el pugilismo.

  1. Hipnoterapia y terapia breve centrada en soluciones aplicada a síntomas por abuso sexual infantil: Un estudio de caso

    OpenAIRE

    Sánchez, Teresa; Téllez, Arnoldo

    2016-01-01

    En el estudio de caso que se presenta se aplicaron estrategias de hipnosis clínica en un contexto de intervención de terapia breve centrada en soluciones a un paciente de 40 años, víctima de abuso sexual infantil. El paciente presentaba cambios en s

  2. Necessidade de intervenção breve por uso de álcool, tabaco e outras drogas entre usuários da atenção primária à saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ângela Maria Mendes Abreu

    Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivos Rastrear o uso de álcool, tabaco e outras drogas entre usuários da atenção primária à saúde e identificar fatores associados à necessidade de intervenção breve por uso dessas substâncias. Métodos Estudo transversal desenvolvido com 1.489 usuários de unidade básica de saúde da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, que responderam ao Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test entre os anos 2013 e 2014. Regressão logística multivariada foi utilizada para identificar características sociodemográficas associadas à necessidade de intervenção breve por uso de álcool e outras drogas. Resultados As substâncias mais usadas foram álcool (39,5%, tabaco (20,3% e, dentre as drogas ilícitas, maconha (1,9%. Em ambos os sexos, maiores chances de necessidade de intervenção breve por uso de tabaco e álcool foram encontradas entre pessoas de baixa escolaridade, renda domiciliar alta e que não possuíam religião. Conclusão Os resultados apontam características socioeconômicas como determinantes de necessidade de intervenção breve por uso de álcool e tabaco.

  3. Bifidobacterium breve BBG-001 in very preterm infants: a randomised controlled phase 3 trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Costeloe, Kate; Hardy, Pollyanna; Juszczak, Edmund; Wilks, Mark; Millar, Michael R

    2016-02-13

    Probiotics may reduce necrotising enterocolitis and late-onset sepsis after preterm birth. However, there has been concern about the rigour and generalisability of some trials and there is no agreement about whether or not they should be used routinely. We aimed to test the effectiveness of the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve BBG-001 to reduce necrotising enterocolitis, late-onset sepsis, and death in preterm infants. In this multicentre, randomised controlled phase 3 study (the PiPS trial), we recruited infants born between 23 and 30 weeks' gestational age within 48 h of birth from 24 hospitals in southeast England. Infants were randomly assigned (1:1) to probiotic or placebo via a minimisation algorithm randomisation programme. The probiotic intervention was B breve BBG-001 suspended in dilute elemental infant formula given enterally in a daily dose of 8·2 to 9·2 log10 CFU; the placebo was dilute infant formula alone. Clinicians and families were masked to allocation. The primary outcomes were necrotising enterocolitis (Bell stage 2 or 3), blood culture positive sepsis more than 72 h after birth; and death before discharge from hospital. All primary analyses were by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ISRCTN, number 05511098 and EudraCT, number 2006-003445-17. Between July 1, 2010, and July 31, 2013, 1315 infants were recruited; of whom 654 were allocated to probiotic and 661 to placebo. Five infants had consent withdrawn after randomisation, thus 650 were analysed in the probiotic group and 660 in the placebo group. Rates of the primary outcomes did not differ significantly between the probiotic and placebo groups. 61 infants (9%) in the probiotic group had necrotising enterocolitis compared with 66 (10%) in the placebo group (adjusted risk ratio 0·93 (95% CI 0·68-1·27); 73 (11%) infants in the probiotics group had sepsis compared with 77 (12%) in the placebo group (0·97 (0·73-1·29); and 54 (8%) deaths occurred before discharge home in the

  4. Breve reflexión sobre la experiencia y el cuerpo/Brief reflection on the experience and the body

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raumar Giménez Rodríguez

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available El concepto de experiencia es, en principio, vasto en demasía como para proponerse un estudio profundo en poco tiempo. Por ello, en estas breves reflexiones que constituyen una de las trazas del recorrido iniciado a propósito de la relación cuerpo-lenguaje-enseñanza, la noción de experiencia es referida en primer lugar desde el texto homónimo escrito por Walter Benjamin en 1913 y luego desde las reflexiones que despliega Agamben en su “Infancia e historia”, escrito en 1978. A partir de allí, se presentan algunas ideas en las que se exploran las posibilidades que brinda la noción de experiencia para problematizar algunos rasgos específicos de la historia del cuerpo en la modernidad, su relación con una forma específica de producción de conocimiento (la ciencia moderna y los avatares de la experiencia corporal en la formación social capitalista. Para esta reflexión, se ha supuesto que para que acontezca algo del orden de lo educativo y de la enseñanza y que ello, a su vez, sea pensado desde la cuestión del cuerpo, es preciso una experiencia. El carácter exploratorio del trabajo tal vez no permitirá más que una delimitación rigurosa del problema de estudio. Para ello, se introducen tópicos teóricos de distinta procedencia que se ponen en juego a tales efectos. The concept of experience is, in itself, too vast to propose its deep study in a short period of time. That is the reason why, in these brief reflections that constitute one of the traces of the course initiated about the relation body-language-teaching, the notion of experience is referred to, in the first place, from the homonym text written by Walter Benjamin in 1913 and then from the reflections displayed by Agamben in his" Infancy and History ", written in 1978. From that point, some ideas are presented where the possibilities given by the notion of experience, to question some specific features of the history of the body in Modernity are explored, its

  5. Primera consulta sobre la industria de los materiales de la construcción organizada por ONUDI y UNCHS (HABITAT

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    Salas, Julián

    1985-06-01

    Full Text Available This work, devoted to the First Consultation sponsored by ONUDI-UNCHS (HABITAT relative to "Building Materials Industry", selects three different sides of it: the final version of the conclusions and recommendations prepared in Athens by the participants, the author personal answers, as a participant himself, to some questions elabored by the Consultation organizers as well as a brief account of the round tables held in the IETcc with some of the Latin American professionals who took part in the X Course of High Studies on Construction focused on this important event. Thus the aim is to try to spread among the readers of spanish language the Athens recommendations on the industry development of building materials in developing countries.

    Se recogen en este trabajo, sobre la Primera Consulta patrocinada por ONUDI-UNCHS (HABITAT relativa a la "Industria de los materiales de construcción", tres aspectos bien distintos sobre la misma: la versión definitiva de las conclusiones y recomendaciones elaboradas por los participantes en Atenas; las respuestas personales del autor, como participante, a algunas de las preguntas preparadas por los organizadores de la Consulta, así como una breve reseña de las mesas redondas celebradas en el lETcc con algunos de los profesionales iberoamericanos participantes en el X Curso de Estudios Mayores de la Construcción centradas en este importante evento. El objetivo, por tanto, es el de tratar de divulgar entre los lectores de habla hispana las recomendaciones de Atenas sobre el desarrollo de la industria de los materiales de construcción en los países en vías de desarrollo.

  6. A nova edição de Why Suyá Sing, de Anthony Seeger, e alguns estudos recentes sobre música indígena nas terras baixas da América do Sul

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    Luís Fernando Hering Coelho

    2007-04-01

    Full Text Available Lançado originalmente em 1987, Why Suya Sing? ganhou uma nova edição norte-americana em 2004. Apesar de constituir um marco teórico e etnográfico importante nos campos da etnologia indígena e da antropologia da música, o livro ainda não conta com uma tradução para o português. Neste ensaio, oferece-se uma leitura da obra, buscando resumir alguns de seus pontos principais, junto a uma contextualização geral sumária dos estudos sobre povos Gê, e uma nota breve sobre alguns desenvolvimentos recentes nas pesquisas sobre música indígena nas terras baixas da América do Sul.Originally published in 1987, Why Suyá Sing? acquired a new US edition in 2004. Despite constituting a theoretical and ethnographic landmark in the fields of indigenous ethnology and anthropology of music, Seeger’s book has yet to be translated into Portuguese. This essay offers a reading of the work, looking to resume some of its key points, along with a brief overall contextualization of the studies on Gê peoples, and a short note on some of the recent developments in the research on indigenous music in the South American lowlands.

  7. Analysis of infant isolates of Bifidobacterium breve by comparative genome hybridization indicates the existence of new subspecies with marked infant specificity

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Boesten, R.; Schuren, F.; Wind, R.D.; Knol, J.; Vos, W.M. de

    2011-01-01

    A total of 20 Bifidobacterium strains were isolated from fecal samples of 4 breast- and bottle-fed infants and all were characterized as Bifidobacterium breve based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and metabolic analysis. These isolates were further characterized and compared to the type strains of B.

  8. Breve historia de la investigación sobre biología celular en la Universidad de Buenos Aires durante el siglo XX

    OpenAIRE

    Solari, Alberto Juan

    2017-01-01

    Las investigaciones científicas sobre Biología Celular (anteriormente llamada Citología) se desarrollaron vigorosamente durante el siglo XX en la Argentina y, en particular, en la UBA. Los vaivenes de dicho desarrollo, a su vez, muestran una interesante correlación con los fenómenos sociales que ocurrieron en el país en ese siglo. En la actualidad (año 2014) la investigación argentina en esta disciplina ya no ocupa, lamentablemente, un lugar tan distinguido como el que tuvo en cierto periodo ...

  9. Expertos culturales e intervención social: tensiones y transformaciones en antropología aplicada

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    Enrique Jaramillo Buenaventura

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available A partir de una breve revisión bibliográfica sobre la antropología aplicada y la antropología del desarrrollo este artículo explora algunos de los problemas teriricos y metodológicos sobre los retos y las implicaciones de pensar a la antropología como un "saber experto" parala intervención social.

  10. Evolución doctrinal y jurisprudencial de la teoría del dominio del hecho

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    Jorge Alberto Hernández Esquivel

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Sumario: i. introducción. ii. Breve rastreo jurisprudencial y doctrinal sobre el dominio del hecho. iii. algunas consideraciones sobre la autoría mediata por “dominio de la voluntad en virtud de estructuras organizadas de poder” y la jurisprudencia colombiana. iV. Delito de infracción de deber y el denominado interviniente. Tratamiento jurisprudencial

  11. Visión de la Concentración de la Tierra en América Latina

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    C. Kay (Cristóbal)

    2012-01-01

    textabstractEn este breve artículo presento de manera muy general y esquemática algunos aspectos sobre la concentración de la tierra en América Latina. No pretendo hacer un análisis detallado y completo sobre la problemática de la tierra en la región. Pero espero poder resaltar algunos factores que

  12. Begriffsverwirrung? Interpretation Analyse Bedeutung Applikation

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    Mayr, Jeremia Josef M.

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Empirical research on the reception of biblical texts confronts scientific exegesis with valid and challenging requests and demands. The hermeneutic question of the compatibility of interpretations resulting out of different contexts (e.g. scientific exegesis and ordinary readers‘ exegesis plays an important role. Taking these requests seriously by coherently restructuring fundamental and central aspects of the theory of scientific interpretation, the present article attempts to offer a stimulating approach for further investigation.

  13. Calvin as an exegete of Scripture: a few remarks with reference to Calvin research in general

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    V. E. d’Assonville

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available Calvin did not start his famous vocation as an interpreter of Scripture with Scripture itself. After a thorough training in interpreting classical literature as a philologist, he made his debut before turning 23, with a highly respected commentary on Seneca’s “De Clementia”. His focus shifted to Scripture shortly thereafter. Certain features of his exegetical approach as part of his “Word of God theology” can thus be observed, especially as they relate to his use of the concept of “doctrina”. His exegesis used not only the principle of “sola Scriptura” as point of departure, but also the principle of “tota Scriptura”, i.e. to take the whole of Scripture into account when expositing a certain biblical text. For Calvin the original intention of the writer of a particular (Bible book is of crucial importance. The exegesis should be done using a sound theological-methodological, historical-grammatical method. Knowledge of the original lang- uages of Scripture is therefore a prerequisite for any exegesis. In his exegesis Calvin emphasises the point that Scripture as the Word of God and the Holy Spirit cannot be separated. As the truth is simple, Calvin avoids any traces of allegory in his exegetical activities and aims to keep his exegesis and ex- position of Scripture simple, brief, clear and understandable – exegesis should always exhibit the quality of clarity and brevity. In all exegesis, Scripture as the Word of God should be accepted as the final authority on any issue, not the church as institute.

  14. Reflexiones para una elaboración conceptual del proceso de chantaje, a partir del problema de selección adversa

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    Luz Alexandra Montoya Restrepo

    2007-10-01

    Full Text Available El presente documento relaciona algunos de los principales aspectos sobre los cuales el enfoque de economía de la información reflexiona frente al funcionamiento del mercado. Además ofrece una breve introducción sobre la señalización en el mercado de trabajo y el modelo de selección adversa. Posteriormente emplea este marco conceptual para ofrecer consideraciones sobre un modelo de chantaje y ofrece algunas conclusiones.

  15. Cambio climático y salud humana: un mensaje reiterado desde 1995

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    Eduardo Calvo

    2008-10-01

    Full Text Available En agosto pasado, se celebró el XX aniversario del IPCC (Panel Intergubernamental sobre Cambio Climático. Desde el segundo informe de evaluación, el IPCC viene enfatizando sobre los potenciales efectos del clima sobre la salud. Sin embargo, alrededor del mundo, las enfermedades relacionadas con el clima, más allá de las victimas de los llamados desastres naturales, vienen aumentando en todas las latitudes. Este trabajo presenta un breve panorama sobre los informes y el panorama general con el que se relaciona.

  16. Desktop publishing com o scribus

    OpenAIRE

    Silva, Fabrício Riff; Uchôa, Kátia Cilene Amaral

    2015-01-01

    Este artigo apresenta um breve tutorial sobre Desktop Publishing, com ênfase no software livre Scribus, através da criação de um exemplo prático que explora algumas de suas principais funcionalidades.

  17. Development of a luciferase-based reporter system to monitor Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 persistence in mice

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    Hill Colin

    2008-09-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Probiotics such as bifidobacteria have been shown to maintain a healthy intestinal microbial balance and help protect against infections. However, despite these benefits, bifidobacteria still remain poorly understood at the biochemical, physiological and especially the genetic level. Herein we describe, for the first time, the development of a non-invasive luciferase-based reporter system for real-time tracking of Bifidobacterium species in vivo. Results The reporter vector pLuxMC1 is based on the recently described theta-type plasmid pBC1 from B. catenatulatum 1 and the luxABCDE operon from pPL2lux 2. Derivatives of pLuxMC1, harbouring a bifidobacterial promoter (pLuxMC2 as well as a synthetically derived promoter (pLuxMC3 3 placed upstream of luxABCDE, were constructed and found to stably replicate in B. breve UCC2003. The subsequent analysis of these strains allowed us to assess the functionality of pLuxMC1 both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Our results demonstrate the potential of pLuxMC1 as a real-time, non-invasive reporter system for Bifidobacterium. It has also allowed us, for the first time, to track the colonisation potential and persistence of this probiotic species in real time. An interesting and significant outcome of the study is the identification of the caecum as a niche environment for B. breve UCC2003 within the mouse gastrointestinal tract (GI tract.

  18. O ensino de línguas para crianças no contexto educacional brasileiro: breves reflexões e possíveis provisões The teaching of children in the Brazilian educational context: brief reflections and possible provisions

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    Cláudia Hilsdorf Rocha

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é discutir acerca do ensino de línguas estrangeiras (LE para crianças. Respaldando-nos em princípios da teoria Sócio-cultural (Vygotsky, 1978 e do Comunicativismo (Almeida Filho, 1993, 2005, voltados para o ensino de línguas (inglês para crianças (Cameron, 2001; Brewster, Ellis & Girard, 2002; entre outros, teceremos reflexões sobre a importância da aprendizagem de línguas na infância, sobre a relevância motivação e da qualidade das interações para um ensino cujo objetivo principal recai na formação integral do aluno, como também sobre o papel da gramática, da oralidade e da língua materna no processo. Serão também feitas considerações acerca da importância da formação (contínua do professor atuante nesse contexto e de possíveis procedimentos no ensino em pauta, quando serão apresentadas breves proposições orientadas pela noção bakhtiniana de gêneros.This article aims at discussing about the foreign language teaching to young learners, taking the principles of the Sociocultural Theory (Vygotksy, 1978 and of the Communicative Approach (Almeida Filho, 1993, 2005 related to Primary English teaching (Cameron, 2001; Brewster, Ellis & Girard, 2002 as a theoretical references. Considerations about the importance of language learning in childhood will be made, as well as about the role of the grammar, oral language and mother tongue in the process. Likewise, the importance of Teacher Education will be briefly approached. This work is ended with the discussion about some possible procedures in the language teaching processes followed by a brief presentation of possible guidelines based on the bakhtinian notion of discourse genres.

  19. Empleos de las cenizas volantes en la construcción

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    Jarrige, M. A.

    1959-10-01

    Full Text Available Not availableAntes de entrar en detalles sobre las aplicaciones, el autor da algunas indicaciones generales y un breve resumen de las condiciones de producción y características de las cenizas.

  20. Folclore e nacionalidade na Literatura Brasileira do século XIX

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    Cristina Betioli Ribeiro

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um breve mapeamento dos principais aspectos e autores que integraram as discussões sobre o folclore como elemento nacionalista da literatura brasileira do século XIX.

  1. Bifidobacterium breve and Lactobacillus rhamnosus treatment is as effective as budesonide at reducing inflammation in a murine model for chronic asthma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sagar, Seil; Morgan, Mary E; Chen, Si; Vos, Arjan P; Garssen, Johan; van Bergenhenegouwen, Jeroen; Boon, Louis; Georgiou, Niki A; Kraneveld, Aletta D; Folkerts, Gert

    2014-04-16

    Asthma is estimated to affect as many as 300 million people worldwide and its incidence and prevalence are rapidly increasing throughout the world, especially in children and within developing countries. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the use of potentially beneficial bacteria for allergic diseases. This study is aimed at exploring the therapeutic effects of long-term treatment with two different beneficial bacterial strains (Bifidobacterium breve M-16 V and Lactobacillus rhamnosus NutRes1) and a glucocorticoid (budesonide), as a reference treatment, on inflammatory response in a murine model for chronic allergic asthma. To mimic the chronic disease in asthmatic patients, we used the murine ovalbumin-induced asthma model combined with prolonged allergen exposure. Airway function; pulmonary airway inflammation; airway remodelling, mRNA expression of pattern recognition receptors, Th-specific cytokines and transcription factors in lung tissue; mast cell degranulation; in vitro T cell activation; and expression of Foxp3 in blood Th cells were examined. Lactobacillus rhamnosus reduced lung resistance to a similar extent as budesonide treatment in chronically asthmatic mice. Pulmonary airway inflammation, mast cell degranulation, T cell activation and airway remodelling were suppressed by all treatments. Beneficial bacteria and budesonide differentially modulated the expression of toll-like receptors (TLRs), nod-like receptors (NLRs), cytokines and T cell transcription factors. Bifidobacterium breve induced regulatory T cell responses in the airways by increasing Il10 and Foxp3 transcription in lung tissue as well as systemic by augmenting the mean fluorescence intensity of Foxp3 in blood CD4+ T cells. These findings show that Bifidobacterium breve M-16 V and Lactobacillus rhamnosus NutRes1 have strong anti-inflammatory properties that are comparable to budesonide and therefore may be beneficial in the treatment of chronic asthma.

  2. Escuela e inmigración: una presentación de estudios sobre el desarrollo de habilidades lingüísticas y procesos de interdependencia entre lenguas

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    Ángel Huguet

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available Al objeto de profundizar en el debate "inmigración-lengua-escuela", el trabajo presenta algunos datos derivados de la todavía escasa investigación sobre el tópico existente hasta el momento en España, poniendo especial énfasis en el caso catalán. Para ello, a partir de una breve revisión de la incidencia demográfica del fenómeno migratorio en el conjunto del Estado, mostramos los resultados de una serie de estudios centrados en: 1 el desarrollo de habilidades lingüísticas en la lengua de la escuela, y 2 el análisis de los procesos de interdependencia lingüística. Finalmente, se discuten posibles actuaciones que persiguen optimizar y reconsiderar la práctica educativa en las aulas multilingües.

  3. Divulgación científica: Enfoque por competencias en la enseñanza superior. Breves reflexiones sobre la evaluación

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    Viviana Cámara

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available En la Universidad la evaluación de los aprendizajes constituye una problemática que actualmente sigue siendo una tarea pendiente. Los estudios innovadores sobre evaluación educativa tanto la evaluación formativa (Coll y Onrubia, 1999 como la evaluación auténtica (Trillo Alonso, 2005 y en particular la evaluación de competencias (Barberá, 2005 responden a una lógica educativa que se construye sobre evidencias y sus abordajes permiten trascender de los problemas métricos de rendimiento y de acreditación para acercarse a los objetivos formativos de aprendizaje y desarrollo. La evaluación auténtica propone una nueva forma de concebir los procesos de enseñanza, de aprendizaje y de evaluación. Todos estos sistemas plantean numerosos instrumentos- portafolios, proyectos, carpeta de evaluación; etc.- que son utilizados para exponer el nivel de progreso en los alumnos en determinadas habilidades cognitivas especí- ficas a una disciplina o bien valúan el desarrollo progresivo de competencias complejas, generales y/o profesionales. Las autoras, en este trabajo, presentan el diseño y los resultados obtenidos de la aplicación de un portafolio creado para obtener evidencias y vivencias de un grupo de estudiantes de la cátedra de Matemática Básica de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral en una unidad disciplinar durante un período de tiempo y, a su vez, un análisis a priori de la factibilidad de aplicación del portafolio en el área de Matemática

  4. NOTAS SOBRE JUDAÍSMO Y BIOÉTICA NOTAS SOBRE JUDAÍSMO E BIOÉTICA NOTES ABOUT JUDAISM AND BIOETHICS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana María Tapia-Adler

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo revisa algunos temas tradicionales de bioética desde la perspectiva del Judaísmo, refiere respuestas desde las fuentes originales, sus sucesivas exégesis y la legislación judía (Halajá, y revela la relación entre ciencia, fe y defensa de la vida en esta visión religiosa.O presente artigo revisa alguns temas tradicionais de bioética a partir da perspectiva do Judaísmo, em busca de respostas, com base nas fontes originais, nas sucessivas exegeses e na legislação judaica (Halajá, e revela a relação entre ciência, fé e defesa da vida nessa visão religiosa.The present article reviews some traditional bioethical topics from Jewish perspective, it gives answers derived from original sources, their subsequent exegesis and from Jewish legislation (Halajá, and it unveils relations among science, faith and defense of life according to this religious view.

  5. LA ECONOMÍA SOCIAL Y SOLIDARIA EN LA TRANSICIÓN AMBIENTAL

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    Mª Àngels Alió

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo es un ensayo sobre la capacidad de la población para transformarse en actor social activo en el proceso de cambio hacia una sociedad más justa y con mejores relaciones de equilibrio con la naturaleza. Se parte de la hipótesis de que los emprendimientos de economía social y solidaria conforman nuevas formas de organización que inciden muy positivamente en la transformación socio-ecológica. El texto se ha estructurado en tres partes. La primera trata de los modelos de transición ambiental y destaca la circunstancia del fuerte protagonismo de los actores sociales. La segunda parte ofrece una breve panorámica del mundo cooperativo y las empresas del tercer sector en Europa, incluyendo un breve apunte sobre la realidad cooperativa de España y Catalunya. A continuación se presenta el resultado de un análisis sobre seis cooperativas en Catalunya que permiten profundizar en sus características organizativas, objetivos y capacidad para introducir dinámicas de transformación socioambiental en sus contextos territoriales. Cuatro de estas cooperativas son agroalimentarias. También se estudia una cooperativa de consumo con fuerte implantación urbana y otra de financiación ética. Finalmente se presentan unas breves conclusiones con el objetivo de destacar la incidencia de todas ellas en los procesos de transformación socioambiental.

  6. Sobre la formación universitaria del farmacéutico en el Postgrado y Doctorado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariño EL.

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Se pretende con esta publicación clarificar la situación de acceso a los programas de doctorado a los actuales egresados de Farmacia con la nueva titulación de Graduados, dado que, al menos en este tema para ellos, la normativa de hace más de un año es extraordinariamente clara, a diferencia de las opiniones sobre lo que quizás pueda llegar a pasar en otras cuestiones y muy especialmente en lo referente a las conocidas como “competencias”, su certificación ya permite la libre circulación de profesionales en el espacio europeo. Para su mejor comprensión se hace un breve y reciente recorrido de cómo se ha ido modificando, desde no hace mucho tiempo, todo lo relacionado con la realización de la Tesis Doctoral por parte del farmacéutico en general y con el asistencial en particular, partiendo siempre de la premisa de la conveniencia en la facilitación de la consecución de éste que es la mayor de las titulaciones universitarias.

  7. Una noticia desconcertante sobre la inscripción de San Juan de Baños ofrecida por Alvar Gómez de Castro

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    Velázquez, Isabel

    2000-12-01

    Full Text Available The paper presents and analyses brief unpublished notes by the humanist Alvar Gómez de Castro, conserved in MS number 7896 in the Biblioteca Nacional, regarding five known inscriptions. Their interest lies in the fact that they are the first references to each one and provide useful data on the history of the pieces. But the most striking is the presentation of an inscription in S. Román de Hornija, the text of which is identical to the inscription of S. Juan de Baños. The paper presents hypotheses on this puzzling and perhaps erroneous fact.Se realiza la presentación y análisis de unas breves notas inéditas del humanista Alvar Gómez de Castro, conservadas en el manuscrito 7896 de la BN, sobre cinco conocidas inscripciones. Su interés reside en que constituyen las primeras referencias de cada una de ellas y aportan datos útiles para la historia de las piezas. Pero lo más llamativo es que se presenta una inscripción en S. Román de Hornija con idéntico texto al de la inscripción de S. Juan de Baños. En este trabajo se apuntan algunas hipótesis sobre tan desconcertante y quizás errónea noticia.

  8. Tendencias actuales en la investigación sobre corrosión de armaduras

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrade, Carmen

    1988-12-01

    Full Text Available During the last 20 years, the corrosion of concrete rebars is increasily being considered a major problem due the high costs spent by some Governments on repair and of civil concrete structures. In the present paper, a brief description on the causes of this type of corrosion is offered together with some references to the costs of repairing of bridge decks published by USA researchs. Finally, the main lines of research which, in opinion of the authors have priority, are commented.

    El fenómeno de la corrosión de armaduras en hormigón, en los últimos 20 años, ha pasado a ser un problema económico de primera magnitud por los costos que supone para algunos Gobiernos la reparación y el mantenimiento de muchas Obras Públicas. En el presente artículo se hacen unas breves referencias a las causas más frecuentes que provocan esta corrosión y se dan algunas cifras ofrecidas por investigadores norteamericanos sobre los costos en reparación de puentes de hormigón armado. Finalmente, se comentan las líneas de investigación que, a juicio de los autores, son prioritarias en esta materia.

  9. REFLEXÕES SOBRE MODERNIDADE, TURISMO E CAMPO SOCIAL NO ESTADO DE ALAGOAS - BRASIL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Arthur Lisboa de Vasconcelos

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available O presente artigo, de caráter ensaístico, visa a contribuir com reflexões sobre modernidade, turismo e campo social sociais no Estado de Alagoas - Brasil. Utilizando o referencial de autores como Giddens (2001, Jameson (2002 e Harvey (1992, dentre outros, sintetizaremos algumas características das transições socioculturais da modernidade para o atual estágio do modo de produção capitalista, período que muitos têm considerado como a “pós-modernidade”. Posteriormente, empreenderemos breve descrição crítica acerca do atual modelo de turistificação no Estado, com base nos conceitos de Habitus e Campo Social, de Pierre Bourdieu. Conclui-se que o turismo em Alagoas está ancorado em roteiros que, em sua dominância, têm se consolidado sob os enunciados de Sol e Mar, tendência natural do turismo de massa que ocorre nas regiões intertropicais do mundo inteiro, em caso mais especifico, no Nordeste Brasileiro, e que também sofre direta influência da formação histórica de uma cultura de alheamento às potencialidades dos patrimônios identitários locais.

  10. Um caso de transtorno de personalidade borderline atendido em psicoterapia dinâmica breve

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cunha Paulo Jannuzzi

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Trata-se de um caso de Transtorno de Personalidade Borderline, encaminhado para a área de Psicoterapia Dinâmica Breve (PDB do Centro de Psicologia Aplicada da UNESP - Bauru/SP. O foco delimitado consistiu em trabalhar as características depressivas do paciente, buscando ajudá-lo a elaborar o luto pela perda de sua mãe. A análise deste caso veio corroborar a hipótese de que pacientes com transtorno de personalidade borderline também podem ser beneficiados com a PDB. A peculiaridade desta modalidade de atendimento está relacionada ao estabelecimento de objetivos terapêuticos (foco condizentes com as reais possibilidades e limites de cada paciente.

  11. Intervención breve para adolescentes que inician el consumo abusivo de alcohol y otras drogas: su eficacia en un escenario clínico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Augusto Rodríguez Durán

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: en las últimas décadas, se ha observado en los adolescentes mexicanos un incremento en la cantidad y frecuencia del consumo de alcohol y drogas ilícitas; los programas de intervención breve han demostrado ser eficaces para reducir el consumo y abuso de sustancias en diversas poblaciones. Objetivo: determinar la eficacia del Programa de Intervención Breve para Adolescentes que Inician el Consumo Abusivo de Alcohol y otras Drogas (PIBA, así como el mantenimiento del cambio en los jóvenes que asistieron. Metodo: se utilizó un diseño de medidas repetidas, no probabilístico y sin grupo control. En el seguimiento participaron 60 usuarios consumidores de sustancias de entre 16 y 20 años de edad, de ambos sexos, habitantes de la Ciudad de México. Resultados: al comparar la preintervención vs. el seguimiento, se encontró que los adolescentes que participaron en el PIBA mantuvieron una reducción en su patrón de consumo (cantidad, frecuencia y tiempo de abstinencia de alcohol, mariguana e inhalables; disminuyeron los problemas asociados con el consumo; e incrementaron su nivel de autoeficacia percibida. La mejoría fue mayor en quienes concluyeron la intervención breve que en quienes no terminaron todas las sesiones. Conclusiones: el PIBA fue coadyuvante en la consecución de las metas propuestas por la mayoría de los adolescentes que asistieron a este tratamiento psicológico.

  12. Effect of Bifidobacterium breve on the Intestinal Microbiota of Coeliac Children on a Gluten Free Diet: A Pilot Study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Quagliariello, Andrea; Aloisio, Irene; Bozzi Cionci, Nicole; Luiselli, Donata; D'Auria, Giuseppe; Martinez-Priego, Llúcia; Pérez-Villarroya, David; Langerholc, Tomaž; Primec, Maša; Mičetić-Turk, Dušanka; Di Gioia, Diana

    2016-10-22

    Coeliac disease (CD) is associated with alterations of the intestinal microbiota. Although several Bifidobacterium strains showed anti-inflammatory activity and prevention of toxic gliadin peptides generation in vitro, few data are available on their efficacy when administered to CD subjects. This study evaluated the effect of administration for three months of a food supplement based on two Bifidobacterium breve strains (B632 and BR03) to restore the gut microbial balance in coeliac children on a gluten free diet (GFD). Microbial DNA was extracted from faeces of 40 coeliac children before and after probiotic or placebo administration and 16 healthy children (Control group). Sequencing of the amplified V3-V4 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA gene as well as qPCR of Bidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Bacteroides fragilis group Clostridium sensu stricto and enterobacteria were performed. The comparison between CD subjects and Control group revealed an alteration in the intestinal microbial composition of coeliacs mainly characterized by a reduction of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, of Actinobacteria and Euryarchaeota . Regarding the effects of the probiotic, an increase of Actinobacteria was found as well as a re-establishment of the physiological Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Therefore, a three-month administration of B. breve strains helps in restoring the healthy percentage of main microbial components.

  13. Bifidobacterium breve with α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid alters fatty acid metabolism in the maternal separation model of irritable bowel syndrome.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Barrett, Eoin; Fitzgerald, Patrick; Dinan, Timothy G; Cryan, John F; Ross, R Paul; Quigley, Eamonn M; Shanahan, Fergus; Kiely, Barry; Fitzgerald, Gerald F; O'Toole, Paul W; Stanton, Catherine

    2012-01-01

    The aim of this study was to compare the impact of dietary supplementation with a Bifidobacterium breve strain together with linoleic acid & α-linolenic acid, for 7 weeks, on colonic sensitivity and fatty acid metabolism in rats. Maternally separated and non-maternally separated Sprague Dawley rats (n = 15) were orally gavaged with either B. breve DPC6330 (10(9) microorganisms/day) alone or in combination with 0.5% (w/w) linoleic acid & 0.5% (w/w) α-linolenic acid, daily for 7 weeks and compared with trehalose and bovine serum albumin. Tissue fatty acid composition was assessed by gas-liquid chromatography and visceral hypersensitivity was assessed by colorectal distension. Significant differences in the fatty acid profiles of the non-separated controls and maternally separated controls were observed for α-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid in the liver, oleic acid and eicosenoic acid (c11) in adipose tissue, and for palmitoleic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in serum (pbreve DPC6330 to MS rats significantly increased palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in the liver, eicosenoic acid (c11) in adipose tissue and palmitoleic acid in the prefrontal cortex (pbreve DPC6330 to non separated rats significantly increased eicosapentaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid in serum (pbreve DPC6330 in combination with linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid to maternally separated rats significantly increased docosapentaenoic acid in the serum (pbreve DPC6330 with fatty acid supplementation to non-separated rats significantly increased liver and serum docosapentaenoic acid (pbreve DPC6330 influenced host fatty acid metabolism. Administration of B. breve DPC6330 to maternally separated rats significantly modified the palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid contents in tissues. The effect was not observed in non-separated animals.

  14. Early gut colonization by Bifidobacterium breve and B. catenulatum differentially modulates eczema risk in children at high risk of developing allergic disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ismail, Intan H; Boyle, Robert J; Licciardi, Paul V; Oppedisano, Frances; Lahtinen, Sampo; Robins-Browne, Roy M; Tang, Mimi L K

    2016-12-01

    An altered compositional signature and reduced diversity of early gut microbiota are linked to development of allergic disease. We investigated the relationship between dominant Bifidobacterium species during the early post-natal period and subsequent development of allergic disease in the first year of life. Faecal samples were collected at age 1 week, 1 month and 3 months from 117 infants at high risk of allergic disease. Bifidobacterium species were analysed by quantitative PCR and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. Infants were examined at 3, 6 and 12 months, and skin prick test was performed at 12 months. Eczema was diagnosed according to the UK Working Party criteria. The presence of B. catenulatum at 3 months was associated with a higher risk of developing eczema (OR adj = 4.5; 95% CI: 1.56-13.05, p adj = 0.005). Infants colonized with B. breve at 1 week (OR adj = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09-0.95, p adj = 0.04) and 3 months (OR adj = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.05-0.44, p adj = 0.00001) had a reduced risk of developing eczema. Furthermore, the presence of B. breve at 3 months was associated with a lower risk of atopic sensitization at 12 months (OR adj = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.15-0.98, p adj = 0.05). B. breve colonization patterns were influenced by maternal allergic status, household pets and number of siblings. Temporal variations in Bifidobacterium colonization patterns early in life are associated with later development of eczema and/or atopic sensitization in infants at high risk of allergic disease. Modulation of the early microbiota may provide a means to prevent eczema in high-risk infants. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  15. Hombres y mujeres Tyler

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    Vallvey Arévalo, Ángela

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo es una breve mirada sobre los personajes masculinos y femeninos de la escritora Anne Tyler, cuyo indiscutible talento para los caracteres la ha hecho mundialmente reconocida. La autora tiene una inmensa capacidad para bosquejar personajes, sobre todo masculinos, de gran fuerza y originalidad. Es una magnífica retratista de las miserias y alegrías de la clase media occidental.

  16. El Sistema de Registro de Información sobre Drogas: Un auxiliar diagnóstico en la evaluación de la farmacodependencia

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    JORGE GALVÁN- REYES

    1997-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo dar a conocer la utilidad del Sistema de Registro de Información sobre Drogas como fuente diagnóstica importante para la evaluación del fenómeno de la farmacodependencia en la Ciudad de México. Incluye una breve descripción del soporte metodológico de este sistema, se presentan de manera sintetizada algunos de sus resultados y se discute la importancia de sus datos como material de apoyo para el establecimiento de políticas en materia de investigación y prevención del problema. Se comentan las ventajas de contar con un sistema de este tipo sobre todo porque en nuestro país no existe un sistema de notificación obligatoria de uso de drogas.The aim of this work is to inform of the usefulness of the Drug Information Registry System as an important diagnostic source to evaluate pharmacodependence in Mexico City. A short description of the methodological frame of the system is included, some results are presented synthetically and the importance of these data as supporting material to define research and preventive program policies is discussed. The advantages of these systems are commented, especially in countries, such as Mexico, where notification of drug use is not obligatory.

  17. Critical micelle concentrations of allelopathic substances produced by Nannochloris oculata which affect a red tide organism, Gymnodinium breve.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pérez, E; Martin, D F

    2001-01-01

    Laboratory cultures of the green algae Nannochloris oculata and Nannochloris eucaryotum are known to cause lysis of Gymnodinium breve, which is Florida's red tide organism. Two cytolytic agents were previously identified as methyl palmitate and methyl stearate. In this study, the critical micelle concentrations of these substances were determined by ultraviolet light and turbidimetric methods to be 3.5 +/- 0.3 ppm (methyl stearate) and 4.3 +/- 0.6 (methyl palmitate). There were no significant differences in results obtained using the two methods.

  18. Transferência e complexo de édipo, na obra de Freud: notas sobre os destinos da transferência Transference and oedipus complex, within Freud's theory: notes about the transference destiny

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    Lara Cristina d'Avila Lourenço

    2005-04-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo comunica algumas considerações sobre o conceito de transferência, na teoria freudiana. Especial atenção é voltada para as relações entre transferência, complexo de Édipo e complexo de castração. Partindo dessas relações e da hipótese segundo a qual Freud não apresenta um final possível para o complexo de Édipo, o presente trabalho entende que esse autor não fornece uma teoria sobre o final da transferência. Esse pensamento evoca o impasse freudiano em relação aos términos das análises. Nesse ponto, é feita uma breve referência à teoria lacaniana sobre a castração e a transferência ao final de análise.This article discloses some considerations about the transference conception situated within Freud's theory. The relations between transference, Oedipus complex and castration complex are highlighted. Starting from these relations and from the allegedly in wich Freud doesn't reveal a possible ending to Oedipus complex, this current work perceives that this author does not provide a theory about the transference ending. This idea drives into Freud's impasse, as far as the analysis ending is concerned. In this issue, a short reference is produced on Lacan's castration theory and on that of the transference at end of the analysis.

  19. LOS PROGRAMAS DE CUALIFICACIÓN PROFESIONAL INICIAL: UNA VISIÓN PANORÁMICA SOBRE LAS MODALIDADES Y PERFILES PROFESIONALES EN LA REGIÓN DE MURCIA

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    Mª Teresa González González

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available A lo largo de este artículo se abordan algunas cuestiones relacionadas con el Programa de Cualificación Profesional Inicial (PCPI. En el primer y segundo apartado del artículo se realiza una breve caracterización de este programa destinado a alumnos en situación de riesgo de exclusión educativa, así como del escenario educativo en el que se plantea. En el tercero se ofrecen datos sobre los perfiles profesionales de los PCPI que se están desarrollando en la Comunidad de la Región de Murcia (CARM. Tales datos derivan de una investigación más amplia sobre este programa y fueroobtenidos de la página web de la Consejería de Educación, y analizados una vez que se ordenaron y agruparon según modalidades de PCPI, perfiles profesionales, y centros educativos ayuntamientos u otras entidades que los imparten.El análisis realizado pone de manifiesto que no existe un patrón que caracterice la distribución de PCPI según perfiles profesionales. Éstos no se circunscriben a una u otra modalidad de PCPI como tampoco quedan ligados a la actividad económica y empresarial de las zonas en la que se...

  20. Effects of Gymnodinium breve toxin on the smooth muscle preparation of guinea-pig ileum

    Science.gov (United States)

    Grunfeld, Y.; Spiegelstein, M.Y.

    1974-01-01

    1 The effects of Gymnodinium breve neurotoxin (GT) on smooth muscles were studied using the guinea-pig isolated ileum. 2 The toxin caused strong spasmogenic effects at 1-4 μg/ml, characterized by prolonged tonic contraction with superimposed pronounced pendular movements. Tachyphylaxis was observed upon administration of successive doses. 3 Atropine blocked the contractile response elicited by GT, whereas mepyramine and hexamethonium failed to do so. These findings tentatively suggested a cholinergic involvement at a post-ganglionic site of action. 4 In the presence of tetrodotoxin the effects of GT were abolished, excluding direct action of the toxin on the smooth muscle. 5 It is concluded that GT exerts its spasmogenic effects through stimulation of the post-ganglionic cholinergic nerve fibres. PMID:4155337

  1. El aprendizaje de ELE para niños y adolescentes inmigrantes

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    Villarrubia Zúñiga, Marisol

    2009-02-01

    Full Text Available El artículo presenta un breve estado de la cuestión sobre la enseñanza del español lengua extranjera a los niños y adolescentes inmigrantes. Ofrecemos un análisis sobre el proceso de adquisición de lenguas, el papel de los centros de apoyo para profesores, los manuales y otros aspectos que nos ayuden a comprender la necesidad de contar con expertos en este contexto. Por último, reflexionamos sobre la importancia del profesor de lenguas como mediador sociocultural.

  2. The State of Research on the Manichaean Bishop Faustus | van ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Comparing these texts with Faustus's Capitula reveals that the Manichaean bishop not only defended well-known Manichaean dogmas through his exegesis of scripture, he seems to have contributed to Manichaean exegesis and even Manichaean prophetology. Furthermore, Faustus's Christian, Pauline language can no ...

  3. Governança na internet: um estudo sobre o Marco Civil brasileiro

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    Laura Vilela Rodrigues Rezende

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available El trabajo tiene como propósito realizar un estudio sobre la legislación que rige el uso de Internet en Brasil, en el Marco Civil de Internet (Ley 12.965/2014. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva, de naturaleza cua litativa, basada en recopilación bibliográfica y estudio comparativo. Se ex pone inicialmente un breve histórico de Internet en Brasil y su panorama actual. Luego, se presenta el concepto de gobernanza en Internet y los su cesos que marcaron las discusiones acerca de esta temática. Se aborda el Marco Civil de Internet en Brasil, el histórico de su creación y los principios que lo rigen. Se concluye que es un importante instrumento oficial regla mentario para asegurar la libertad y los derechos del usuario. Su concep ción se fundamentó en la participación de la sociedad civil, lo que puede considerarse inédito en lo que se refiere a la creación de leyes reglamenta rias. Se considera que esta sea una ley sofisticada en cuanto a sus directri ces, lo que la vuelve una de las más progresistas del mundo. Pese a todo lo anterior, su trayectoria democrática de creación le otorga un carácter ge neralista y superficial.

  4. Benefits of Bifidobacterium breve M-16V Supplementation in Preterm Neonates - A Retrospective Cohort Study.

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    Sanjay K Patole

    Full Text Available Systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials report that probiotics reduce the risk of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC in preterm neonates.To determine whether routine probiotic supplementation (RPS to preterm neonates would reduce the incidence of NEC.The incidence of NEC ≥ Stage II and all-cause mortality was compared for an equal period of 24 months 'before' (Epoch 1 and 'after' (Epoch 2 RPS with Bifidobacterium breve M-16V in neonates <34 weeks. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to adjust for relevant confounders.A total of 1755 neonates (Epoch I vs. II: 835 vs. 920 with comparable gestation and birth weights were admitted. There was a significant reduction in NEC ≥ Stage II: 3% vs. 1%, adjusted odds ratio (aOR = 0.43 (95%CI: 0.21-0.87; 'NEC ≥ Stage II or all-cause mortality': 9% vs. 5%, aOR = 0.53 (95%CI: 0.32-0.88; but not all-cause mortality alone: 7% vs. 4%, aOR = 0.58 (95% CI: 0.31-1.06 in Epoch II. The benefits in neonates <28 weeks did not reach statistical significance: NEC ≥ Stage II: 6% vs. 3%, aOR 0.51 (95%CI: 0.20-1.27, 'NEC ≥ Stage II or all-cause mortality', 21% vs. 14%, aOR = 0.59 (95%CI: 0.29-1.18; all-cause mortality: 17% vs. 11%, aOR = 0.63 (95%CI: 0.28-1.41. There was no probiotic sepsis.RPS with Bifidobacterium breve M-16V was associated with decreased NEC≥ Stage II and 'NEC≥ Stage II or all-cause mortality' in neonates <34 weeks. Large sample size is required to assess the potential benefits of RPS in neonates <28 weeks.

  5. Consideraciones teórico-prácticas Sobre un proyecto de aula: Un ejemplo desde el lenguaje

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    JOSELYN CORREDOR TAPIAS

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available En Este artículo se presentan, en principio, algunos planteamientos conceptuales sobre el proyecto de aula – enmarcado en la denominada “pedagogía por proyectos. Posteriormente, se proponen “nuevas definiciones” del proyecto de aula, considerándolo como práctica educativa; enseguida, se dan a conocer y se explican en forma precisa y sucinta las funciones y los elementos básicos de este tipo de proyecto pedagógico; aquí, se hace énfasis en la etapa de la elección y delimitación del tema; la formulación problemática, uno de los momentos cumbres del proyecto de aula. Finalmente, estas urdimbres teóricas se materializan en un caso ejemplificador: un proyecto de aula en el marco del léxico infantil, en donde se puede observar como: Proyecto de aula –interés investigativo- ortografía y léxico infantil constituyen un colectivo dinámico, impulsor e inquietante para producir un breve -pero necesario e interesante intento de diccionario infantil de los niños de 5o. Grado.

  6. Effect of Bifidobacterium breve on the Intestinal Microbiota of Coeliac Children on a Gluten Free Diet: A Pilot Study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrea Quagliariello

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available Coeliac disease (CD is associated with alterations of the intestinal microbiota. Although several Bifidobacterium strains showed anti-inflammatory activity and prevention of toxic gliadin peptides generation in vitro, few data are available on their efficacy when administered to CD subjects. This study evaluated the effect of administration for three months of a food supplement based on two Bifidobacterium breve strains (B632 and BR03 to restore the gut microbial balance in coeliac children on a gluten free diet (GFD. Microbial DNA was extracted from faeces of 40 coeliac children before and after probiotic or placebo administration and 16 healthy children (Control group. Sequencing of the amplified V3-V4 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA gene as well as qPCR of Bidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Bacteroides fragilis group Clostridium sensu stricto and enterobacteria were performed. The comparison between CD subjects and Control group revealed an alteration in the intestinal microbial composition of coeliacs mainly characterized by a reduction of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, of Actinobacteria and Euryarchaeota. Regarding the effects of the probiotic, an increase of Actinobacteria was found as well as a re-establishment of the physiological Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Therefore, a three-month administration of B. breve strains helps in restoring the healthy percentage of main microbial components.

  7. Percepción del tiempo: resultados de una intervención grupal breve para el cambio del perfil temporal

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    Cristián Oyanadel

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available La teoría de la perspectiva del tiempo de Zimbardo (1999 plantea una clasificación de las dimensiones de la orientación temporal, medidas con el Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI, la cual propone, por una parte, que si se tiene una actitud positiva y moderada hacia el pasado, el presente y el futuro, se puede desarrollar mayor bienestar y buena salud tanto mental como física, mientras que actitudes negativas o extremas reflejarían pautas de vida poco saludables. El principal objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar el efecto de una intervención grupal breve para la modificación del perfil temporal. Para este fin, se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental con grupo control en una muestra de 28 estudiantes universitarios; 14 de ellos formaron el grupo experimental y 14 formaron el grupo control. Los resultados muestran que la intervención realizada al grupo experimental modificó la orientación temporal de los participantes hacia un perfil equilibrado. Para terminar, se concluye que, con una intervención breve y grupal que potencie un pasado positivo y un futuro y un presente más saludables, es posible lograr un perfil equilibrado. Posteriores estudios podrían evaluar el impacto de la modificación del perfil temporal en población clínica.

  8. The combination of Bifidobacterium breve with non-digestible oligosaccharides suppresses airway inflammation in a murine model for chronic asthma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sagar, Seil; Vos, Arjan P; Morgan, Mary E; Garssen, Johan; Georgiou, Niki A; Boon, Louis; Kraneveld, Aletta D; Folkerts, Gert

    2014-04-01

    Over the last decade, there has been a growing interest in the use of interventions that target the intestinal microbiota as a treatment approach for asthma. This study is aimed at exploring the therapeutic effects of long-term treatment with a combination of Bifidobacterium breve with non-digestible oligosaccharides on airway inflammation and remodeling. A murine ovalbumin-induced chronic asthma model was used. Pulmonary airway inflammation; mRNA expression of pattern recognition receptors, Th-specific cytokines and transcription factors in lung tissue; expression of Foxp3 in blood Th cells; in vitro T cell activation; mast cell degranulation; and airway remodeling were examined. The combination of B. breve with non-digestible oligosaccharides suppressed pulmonary airway inflammation; reduced T cell activation and mast cell degranulation; modulated expression of pattern recognition receptors, cytokines and transcription factors; and reduced airway remodeling. The treatment induced regulatory T cell responses, as shown by increased Il10 and Foxp3 transcription in lung tissue, and augmented Foxp3 protein expression in blood CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells. This specific combination of beneficial bacteria with non-digestible oligosaccharides has strong anti-inflammatory properties, possibly via the induction of a regulatory T cell response, resulting in reduced airway remodeling and, therefore, may be beneficial in the treatment of chronic inflammation in allergic asthma. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  9. Mario Bunge en la Universidad Nacional de La Plata : Breve testimonio de su visita en el año 2000

    OpenAIRE

    Bunge, Mario

    2000-01-01

    Radio Universidad Nacional de La Plata registra un breve testimonio del Dr. Mario Bunge en su visita a la UNLP en el año 2000. Resalta su paso por esta Universidad, así como las características de la misma. Mario Augusto Bunge: nació en Buenos Aires el 21 de septiembre de 1919. Físico y filósofo, se graduó en la UNLP en 1952. Reside en Montreal (Canadá).

  10. Apontamento sobre a contabilidade em Portugal entre 1900 e 1950

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    Hernâni Olímpio Carqueja

    2011-07-01

    Para esclarecer el contexto en 1900 se procede a una breve revisión de los antecedentes desde la creación del “Aula do Comércio de Lisboa”, que es el referente de la enseñanza oficial organizada, incluyendo la partida doble, hasta 1900.

  11. Discovering Novel Bile Protection Systems in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 through Functional Genomics

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ruiz, Lorena; Zomer, Aldert; O'Connell-Motherway, Mary; van Sinderen, Douwe

    2012-01-01

    Tolerance of gut commensals to bile salt exposure is an important feature for their survival in and colonization of the intestinal environment. A transcriptomic approach was employed to study the response of Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 to bile, allowing the identification of a number of bile-induced genes with a range of predicted functions. The potential roles of a selection of these bile-inducible genes in bile protection were analyzed following heterologous expression in Lactococcus lactis. Genes encoding three transport systems belonging to the major facilitator superfamily (MFS), Bbr_0838, Bbr_0832, and Bbr_1756, and three ABC-type transporters, Bbr_0406-0407, Bbr_1804-1805, and Bbr_1826-1827, were thus investigated and shown to provide enhanced resistance and survival to bile exposure. This work significantly improves our understanding as to how bifidobacteria respond to and survive bile exposure. PMID:22156415

  12. The effect of Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium breve on antibiotic-associated diarrhea treatment: randomized double-blind clinical trial

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    Daniela Nogueira Prado de Souza

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD is an important side effect of this specific class of drugs. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the use of probiotics in the treatment of AAD. METHODS: A group of hospitalized patients, who contracted diarrhea during or after 7 days of suspension of antimicrobial medication, was blindly randomized to receive a standardized diet associated with the use of the probiotics (Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium breve or its corresponding placebo, three times a day. RESULTS: Seventy patients were studied. For the experimental (n=35 and control (n=35 groups, respectively, the average time of treatment was 5.06±2.18 and 5.49±3.17 days (p=0.95, and the average duration of diarrhea, among those who were healed, was 4.87±2.13 and 4.52±2.55 days (p=0.36. Four (11.4% patients who received probiotics and ten (28.6% who received the placebo were not cured (p=0.13, and relapse rates were similar between both groups. Seven patients from each group, in addition to diarrhea, presented cases of bloating and/or abdominal cramps and/or vomiting (p=1.00. CONCLUSIONS: In this light, it is concluded that L. casei associated with B. breve, in the administered dosage and frequency, has no effect on the antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Similar studies need to be conducted with higher doses of these or other probiotics.

  13. Ampliação da técnica violonística de mão esquerda: um estudo sobre a pestana Extended left-hand guitar technique: a study on the barré

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bruno Madeira

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available A técnica instrumental é um elemento da performance musical em constantes reformulações. Com o objetivo principal de estender a técnica violonística da pestana, o presente artigo foi dividido em três partes: (1 conceituações gerais sobre técnica instrumental; (2 a partir de métodos instrumentais dos últimos quatrocentos anos, um breve histórico da pestana foi delineado com o objetivo de recolher informações técnicas sobre sua realização, (3 sugestões e exemplificações de procedimentos não usuais de pestana (com dedos diferentes do indicador, de falange, bisagra e cruzada, encontrados de forma muito resumida na escassa bibliografia sobre o assunto e cuja aplicabilidade é verificada no repertório.Instrumental technique is an element of musical performance in constant reformulation. With the main objective of expanding the guitar technique of barring, this study was divided into three parts: (1 general concepts about instrumental technique; (2 from instrumental methods of the past four hundred years, a brief history of the barré was outlined in order to collect technical information about its realization, (3 suggestions and examples of unusual barring procedures (with different fingers, phalanx barré, hinge barré, crossed barré, found in the scarce bibliography and which applicability is verified in the repertoire.

  14. Os escritos de Giovanni Angelo Brunelli, astrônomo da Comissão Demarcadora de Limites portuguesa (1753-1761, sobre a Amazônia brasileira

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nelson Papavero

    Full Text Available O texto apresenta breve introdução à vida e à obra de Giovanni Angelo Brunelli (1722-1804, astrônomo bolonhês que participou da primeira Comissão Demarcadora de Limites entre as possessões de Portugal e Espanha na América do Sul, de 1753 a 1761, a serviço da Coroa lusitana. Em seguida, são publicados os três trabalhos de Brunelli sobre a Amazônia brasileira, tendo como temas a pororoca (1767, a mandioca (1767 e o rio Amazonas (1791; e dois outros documentos relacionadas à comissão, um ofício no qual Brunelli reclama a coordenação dos trabalhos de cartografia (1752 e um rascunho do diário de viagem do astrônomo até o rio Negro (1754. Todos esses documentos foram traduzidos ao português, pela primeira vez, do latim e do italiano.

  15. Prevalence of HCV infection and associated factors among illicit drug users in Breves, State of Pará, northern Brazil

    OpenAIRE

    Pacheco,Suzy Danielly Barbosa; Silva-Oliveira,Gláucia Caroline; Maradei-Pereira,Luciana Maria Cunha; Crescente,José Ângelo Barletta; Lemos,José Alexandre Rodrigues de; Oliveira-Filho,Aldemir Branco de

    2014-01-01

    Introduction: Illicit drug users (DUs) are vulnerable to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The shared use of illicit drugs is the main method of HCV transmission. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Breves, in northern Brazil. We surveyed 187 DUs to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with HCV infection. Results: The prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies was 36.9%, and the prevalence of hepatitis C virus-ribonucleic acid (HCV-RNA) was 31%. Hepatitis C virus infec...

  16. FREUD E A MAÇONARIA

    OpenAIRE

    Carvalho, William Almeida

    2014-01-01

    O autor visa dar uma ideia sobre Freud na Maçonaria judaica: a B´nai B´rith. Diferenças e semelhanças entre a Maçonaria judaica e a Maçonaria tradicional. Sua iniciação, seus trabalhos apresentados em Loja. Uma breve visão sobre a b´nai b´rith no mundo e no Brasil e seu papel para a comunidade judaica. Cita os diversos trabalhos de Freud apresentados previamente em Loja e um texto sobre o que pensa da Maçonaria judaica. Encerra com uma visão de Einstein sobre a psicanálise.

  17. Breves comentários sobre a questão da tortura enquanto prática imprescritível e violadora dos direitos humanos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    William Eufrásio Nunes Pereira

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available A tortura, enquanto ato de impor a terceiros sofrimentos físicos e/ou psicológicos para obtenção de respostas a questões que se deseja respondidas, sempre foi uma forma corriqueira entre os humanos. Esse ato se tornou mais danoso quando assumiu a dimensão institucionalizada por parte do leviatã. Forma usual, mas em decadência com a ocorrência do desenvolvimento social, político, econômico e jurídico do Século XX. Esse trabalho apresenta uma sucinta discussão sobre a tortura enquanto violação dos direitos humanos. Mostra que contra essa violação os organismos internacionais elaboraram convenções, normas, tratados e protocolos que visam  reduzir, quando não extinguir a pratica de atos violentos contra os direitos da humanidade, em especial, contra a vida. Relata que o Brasil assinou as convenções, mas vem apresentando uma sensível lentidão na implementação de mecanismo que efetivamente coíbam a pratica da tortura. No entanto, os mecanismos criados têm forçado ao ajustamento das normas e mecanismos internos as demandas sociais potencializados pelos foros internacionais, em particular, a Corte internacional de Direitos Humanos. A metodologia constituiu-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica em livros e artigos sobre o tema em tela. Conclui com a constatação de que ainda irá demorar muito para o Brasil ajustar e tornar efetiva a ação dos mecanismos de combate a tortura, garantindo a plenitude dos direitos da humanidade, em especial o de não ser torturado.

  18. Isolation, identification and characterisation of three novel probiotic strains (Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4034, Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-4035 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-4036) from the faeces of exclusively breast-fed infants.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Muñoz-Quezada, Sergio; Chenoll, Empar; Vieites, José María; Genovés, Salvador; Maldonado, José; Bermúdez-Brito, Miriam; Gomez-Llorente, Carolina; Matencio, Esther; Bernal, María José; Romero, Fernando; Suárez, Antonio; Ramón, Daniel; Gil, Angel

    2013-01-01

    The aim of the present study was to isolate, identify and characterise novel strains of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria with probiotic properties from the faeces of exclusively breast-fed infants. Of the 4680 isolated colonies, 758 exhibited resistance to low pH and tolerance to high concentrations of bile salts; of these, only forty-two exhibited a strong ability to adhere to enterocytes in vitro. The identities of the isolates were confirmed by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing, which permitted the grouping of the forty-two bacteria into three different strains that showed more than 99 % sequence identity with Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium breve, respectively. The strain identification was confirmed by sequencing the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions. Strains were assayed for enzymatic activity and carbohydrate utilisation, and they were deposited in the Collection Nationale de Cultures de Microorganismes (CNCM) of the Institute Pasteur and named L. paracasei CNCM I-4034, B. breve CNCM I-4035 and L. rhamnosus CNCM I-4036. The strains were susceptible to antibiotics and did not produce undesirable metabolites, and their safety was assessed by acute ingestion in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed BALB/c mouse models. The three novel strains inhibited in vitro the meningitis aetiological agent Listeria monocytogenes and human rotavirus infections. B. breve CNCM I-4035 led to a higher IgA concentration in faeces and plasma of mice. Overall, these results suggest that L. paracasei CNCM I-4034, B. breve CNCM I-4035 and L. rhamnosus CNCM I-4036 should be considered as probiotic strains, and their human health benefits should be further evaluated.

  19. Contours of Biblical spirituality as a discipline | Welzen | Acta ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    ... divine human relational process. A dialogue of spirituality and exegesis is needed. For doing research a threefold competence is needed: in exegesis, in spirituality and in the integration of these two. The final section is about intertextuality. Intertextuality may help to understand the spiritual process in reading biblical texts.

  20. Breve declaracion de las sentencias y vocablos obscuros que en el libro del Transito de la muerte se hallan

    OpenAIRE

    Venegas, Alejo

    2015-01-01

    416 f. ; 8º (15 cm.) A obra inclúe, con título propio: Breve declaración de las sentencias y vocablos obscuros que en el libro del Transito de la muerte se hallan A segunda data obtida do colofón Sign.: A-Z8, a-z8, 2A-2F8. Grav. xil. na port. Iniciais Reclamos Colofón Erros na numeración das f. En esta vltima impression enmendada de muchos errores q[e] en las impressiones passadas tenia

  1. Percepción del tiempo: resultados de una intervención grupal breve para el cambio del perfil temporal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristián Oyanadel

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available La teoría de la perspectiva del tiempo de Zimbardo (1999 plantea una clasificación de las dimensiones de la orientación temporal, medidas con el Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI, la cual propone, por una parte, que si se tiene una actitud positiva y moderada hacia el pasado, el presente y el futuro, se puede desarrollar mayor bienestar y buena salud tanto mental como física, mientras que actitudes negativas o extremas reflejarían pautas de vida poco saludables. El principal objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar el efecto de una intervención grupal breve para la modificación del perfil temporal. Para este fin, se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental con grupo control en una muestra de 28 estudiantes universitarios; 14 de ellos formaron el grupo experimental y 14 formaron el grupo control. Los resultados muestran que la intervención realizada al grupo experimental modificó la orientación temporal de los participantes hacia un perfil equilibrado. Para terminar, se concluye que, con una intervención breve y grupal que potencie un pasado positivo y un futuro y un presente más saludables, es posible lograr un perfil equilibrado. Posteriores estudios podrían evaluar el impacto de la modificación del perfil temporal en población clínica.

  2. Overexpression and characterization of a novel transgalactosylic and hydrolytic β-galactosidase from a human isolate Bifidobacterium breve B24.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yi, Sung Hun; Alli, Inteaz; Park, Kwan Hwa; Lee, Byonghoon

    2011-10-01

    After the complete gene of a β-galactosidase from human isolate Bifidobacterium breve B24 was isolated by PCR and overexpressed in E. coli, the recombinant β-galactosidase was purified to homogeneity and characterized for the glycoside transferase (GT) and glycoside hydrolase (GH) activities on lactose. One complete ORF encoding 691 amino acids (2,076 bp) was the structural gene, LacA (galA) of the β-gal gene. The recombinant enzyme shown by activity staining and gel-filtration chromatography was composed of a homodimer of 75 kDa with a total molecular mass of 150 kDa. The K(m) value for lactose (95.58 mM) was 52.5-fold higher than the corresponding K(m) values for the synthetic substrate ONPG (1.82 mM). This enzyme with the optimum of pH 7.0 and 45°C could synthesize approximately 42.00% of GOS from 1M of lactose. About 97.00% of lactose in milk was also quickly hydrolyzed by this enzyme (50 units) at 45°C for 5h to produce 46.30% of glucose, 46.60% of galactose and 7.10% of GOS. The results suggest that this recombinant β-galactosidase derived from a human isolate B. breve B24 may be suitable for both the hydrolysis and synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) in milk and lactose processing. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  3. Uma nova família de filtros digitais para classificação de dados com aplicações ao pré-diagnóstico de patologias na laringe

    OpenAIRE

    Luciene Cavalcanti Rodrigues

    2012-01-01

    O presente trabalho de doutorado tem por objetivo a criação de uma nova família de filtros digitais específica para o processo de classificação de dados, particularmente aplicada ao pré-diagnóstico de patologias na laringe. Antes de explicar a criação dessa nova família de filtros, foi apresentada uma breve revisão bibliográfica sobre o funcionamento do aparelho fonador humano, sobre o processo de diagnóstico de patologias e sobre a transformada discreta Wavelet, que serviu de base para a con...

  4. Ritual Aspects of popular Politics in England (c. 1700-1830)

    OpenAIRE

    O'Gorman, F. (Frank)

    2000-01-01

    En este artículo el autor trata sobre de las discusiones teóricas actuales sobre el ritual político popular antes de emprender una breve revisión de su campo de estudio. Esto incluye un examen y una explicación de aquellos aspectos de las política popular, a las que las actividades rituales llegan a estar asociadas. Esto conduce hacia una discusión sobre el estado de la historiografía del ritual. Además este artículo analiza el contexto, tanto del calendario, como geográfico, e...

  5. Oposição à aquisição da nacionalidade: a inexistência de ligação efectiva à comunidade nacional

    OpenAIRE

    Costa, Paulo Manuel

    2012-01-01

    Neste artigo fazemos uma breve análise sobre a jurisprudência portuguesa em matéria de nacionalidade, em especial quanto à verificação da existência de uma ligação efectiva a comunidade nacional dos candidatos à aquisição da nacionalidade.

  6. A vida de Augusto, de Nicolau de Damasco: tradução acompanhada de breve introdução

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sandra Lúcia Rodrigues da Rocha

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available A Vida de Augusto, de Nicolau de Damasco (séc. I a.C., é uma das mais antigas biografias de um rei na tradição helenística. Seu valor como fonte para o estudo do gênero bíos  impõe-se por si só. Neste trabalho, apresento uma breve introdução à primeira metade da obra em sua atual forma fragmentária, assim como uma tradução dos respectivos  fragmentos para o Português.

  7. "Entre dos mundos" : las relaciones diplomáticas hispano-musulmanas durante la Edad Moderna : una breve síntesis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miguel Fernando Gómez Vozmediano

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo se ocupa, de forma breve y sintética, de una serie de contactos diplomáticos protagonizados durante la Edad Moderna por intermediarios (mercaderes, rescatadores de cautivos, renegados... que trabajaban al servicio de la Monarquía hispánica y de los gobiernos que conforman el actual Magreb.The present article briefly analyses a serie of diplomatic contacts carried out by intermediaries (merchants, redeemers of captives, renegades… serving the Spanish Monarchy and the North Africa governments all along the Early Modern Age.

  8. Possible mechanisms of action of Gymnodinium breve toxin at the mammalian neuromuscular junction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shinnick-Gallagher, P.

    1980-01-01

    1 The mechanism of action of a crude fraction of Gymnodinium breve toxin (GBTX) was investigated by intracellular recording techniques in the rat phrenic nerve diaphragm preparation. 2 GBTX (2 micrograms/ml) decreased the input resistance of the muscle membrane concomitantly with a depolarization of the resting membrane potential. 3 A low sodium solution reversed or prevented a GBTX-induced membrane depolarization. 4 Tetrodotoxin (TTX) antagonized a GBTX-induced increase in miniature endplate potential (m.e.p.p.) frequency and repolarized a GBTX-depolarized membrane. Pretreatment with TTX prevented GBTX effects. 5 GBTX reversibly reduced depolarizations produced by bath applied acetylcholine (ACh). The membrane depolarization was not responsible for the depression of ACh responses. 6 These findings suggest that GBTX increases m.e.p.p. frequency and depolarizes the resting membrane potential by increasing sodium permeability. The reduction of ACh-induced depolarizations suggests that GBTX may be acting at some site on the ACh receptor. PMID:7190452

  9. Impacto tecnológico y acción educativa: configuración social, antropológica y educativa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Agustín REQUEJO OSORIO

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo trata de presentar un breve estudio referido al impacto de las nuevas tecnologías sobre la acción educativa. Reconociendo la información como una tendencia básica de la sociedad actual se estudian sus repercusiones tanto a nivel social como antropológico. Finalmente se analizan y se proponen las pautas de acción derivadas de la influencia de las nuevas tecnologías sobre el sistema educativo.

  10. Sistema urbano y comercio en la comunidad autónoma de Galicia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro López Gónzalez

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo posee una doble vertiente. En primer lugar, pretende realizar un breve repaso de los trabajos de distintos geógrafos sobre la red urbana gallega. En segundo lugar, ofrece una interpretación personal sobre la base de determinadas variables como el equipamiento y la cuota comercial. De este análisis destacamos dos elementos: su marcada bipolaridad y el relativo vacío en el estrato de núcleos medianos, realidades responsables de cierto desequilibrio.

  11. Variable Camber Morphing Wings

    Science.gov (United States)

    2016-02-02

    MG UMA REVISÃO SOBRE A TECNOLOGIA DE AERONAVES DE GEOMETRIA ADAPTATIVA Thiago de Paula Sales, Laboratório de Mecânica de Estruturas Prof. J. E. T...relacionados à tecnologia de aeronaves de geometria adap- tativa. Inicialmente, uma breve contextualização histórica é apresentada. Na sequência, relações...Alves Rade Uma Revisão Sobre a Tecnologia de Aeronaves de Geometria Adaptativa controle de voo, por exemplo. Com isso, superfícies auxiliares, como

  12. Imágenes en tres dimensiones

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dr. Manuel Carlos Fernández Sánchez

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available Después de realizar un breve estudio sobre la tridimensionalidad en el arte desde las pinturas rupestres hasta la actualidad, nos internamos en la investigación sobre los aspectos biológicos y psicológicos de la visión en tres dimensiones, para centrarnos finalmente en las tradicionales y nuevas tecnologías que aplican la visión estereoscópica como son el cine en relieve, la realidad virtual o la holografía.

  13. Letterature antiche e moderne nella pubblicità

    OpenAIRE

    De Martino, Delio

    2013-01-01

    1. Objetivos En la creciente literatura sobre publicidad existen muy pocos estudios sobre el uso de la literatura en los anuncios publicitarios. Aparte de breves artículos, las principales monografías son Pubblicità d’autore de Paola Sorge (2000), Letteratura e publicità de Francesco Ghelli (2005), y Literatura y publicidad. El elemento persuasivo de lo literario de Asuncion Escribano Hernández (2011), y los volúmenes misceláneos Classico manifesto (2008), Antichità & Pubblicità (2010) y...

  14. Legitimidade ativa da defensoria pública para a defesa coletiva dos direitos do consumidor

    OpenAIRE

    Simões, Bruna

    2012-01-01

    O presente trabalho tem como objetivo uma análise da legitimidade ativa para a defesa de direitos coletivos do consumidor, especialmente sobre a legitimidade da Defensoria Pública. A dissertação pretende estudar quais os limites da Defensoria Pública na defesa desses direitos, bem como o fundamento para a sua atuação. Iniciaremos com um breve histórico do direito do consumidor no mundo para posteriormente analisar o desenvolvimento e as disposições constitucionais e legais sobr...

  15. Clave para diferenciar los géneros de Palmae en la Amazonía a partir del aparato vegetativo --- complementada por una breve descripción de los géneros, la distribución geográfica y ecológica, y los nombres vernáculos más comunes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    1990-01-01

    Full Text Available CLE POUR DIFFERENCIER LES GENRES DE PALMAE EN AMAZONIE A PARTIR DE L’APPAREIL VEGETATIF COMPLETEE PAR UNE BREVE DESCRIPTION DES GENRES, LA DISTRIBUTION GEOGRAPHIQUE ET ECOLOGIQUE ET LES NOMS VERNACULAIRES LES PLUS COURANTS. Une clé de détermination des genres de palmiers de l’Amazonie est proposée. Elle n’utilise que des caractères végétatifs et s’applique aux plantules, juvéniles et adultes. 41 genres de palmiers sont traités. Une description sommaire de chaque genre est donnée avec des informations sur sa distribution géographique, son écologie, ses noms vernaculaires les plus communs. Se propone una clave analítica para diferenciar a partir de los caracteres vegetativos los géneros de palmeras de la cuenca amazónica. Esta clave se aplica tanto a las plántulas y juveniles como a los adultos. Se provee también una breve descripción de los 41 géneros considerados, con datos sobre la distribución geográfica, ecología, y nombres vernáculos. KEY FOR IDENTIFICATION OF AMAZONIAN PALM GENERA FROM VEGETATIVE CHARACTERS WITH A SUPPLEMENT INCLUDING SHORT DESCRIPTIONS OF GENERA, NOTES ON DISTRIBUTION AREAS AND ECOLOGY, AND THE MOST COMMON VERNACULAR NAMES. A key for identification of Amazonian palm genera from vegetative characters is proposed. It is applied to seedlings, juvenile and adult palms. 41 genera are treated. A short description of each genus with data on distribution, ecology, and vernacular names is given.

  16. A brief note on the sleeping habits of the giant anteater - Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus (Xenarthra, Myrmecophagidae Breve nota sobre hábitos de dormir do tamanduá-bandeira - Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus (Xenarthra, Myrmecophagidae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ísis Meri Medri

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available The scientific literature on giant anteaters states that the animal sleeps with its tail folded over its body to conserve body temperature. However, observations of this species in natural habitats indicate variations in this behavior, depending on the ambient temperature.A literatura científica sobre tamanduá-bandeira afirma que o animal dorme com sua cauda dobrada sobre o corpo para conservar a temperatura corporal. Entretanto, observações desta espécie em hábitats naturais indicam variações neste comportamento, dependendo da temperatura ambiente.

  17. Fiabilidad del Instrumento de Evaluación Neuropsicológica Breve Neupsilin

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Josiane Pawlowski

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available La investigación examinó la fiabilidad del Instrumento de Evaluación Neuropsicológica Breve Neupsilin, desarrollado en Brasil. Participaron 102 hombres y mujeres brasileños, de 18 a 40 años de edad. Se evaluó la fiabilidad del test-retest del Neupsilin y de la corrección, por distintos evaluadores, de la prueba para evaluación de apraxia constructiva. Se analizaron los datos con: el test de correlación de Spearman, el coeficiente de correlación intraclase y el coeficiente alpha de Cronbach. Las habilidades de lenguaje, memoria, praxias y funciones ejecutivas presentaron las más altas correlaciones para los resultados del test-retest. Se encontró una concordancia de moderada a alta entre los correctores de la tarea de praxia constructiva. Los resultados indicaron fiabilidad temporal para las tareas evaluadas por el Neupsilin y fiabilidad del corrector para la tarea praxia constructiva. Se presentan sugerencias para perfeccionar las tareas y mejorar la fiabilidad y la validez de la prueba.

  18. Fundamentos psicolingüísticos y psicométricos de un test breve de bilingüismo quechua-español (TBB

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raúl Gonzales Moreyra

    1985-12-01

    Full Text Available En base a trabajos de investigación previos, el autor propone un Test Breve de Bilingüismo Quechua-Español formado por reactivos gráficos. Se presenta los resultados de los análisis de validez y confiabilidad obtenidos así como el análisis de ítems y el escalograma. Todas las mencionadas mediciones permiten considerar la prueba como aceptable para futuras investigaciones.

  19. Arquitectura para la enseñanza. La escuela en Cantabria

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ángel Cea Benito

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available (ES La intención de estas breves líneas es llamar la atención sobre la riqueza que para el patrimonio arquitectónico de Cantabria ha tenido un elemento tan modesto y tan universal como el espacio en el que hemos aprendido a aprender.

  20. La web, las TIC y el blog en aula de ELE

    OpenAIRE

    Hernández Santos, Alberto

    2013-01-01

    Breve recorrido por la web y algunas herramientas TIC y su aplicación a la enseñanza de idiomas. Opiniones de docentes y estudiantes sobre el uso de las TIC en el aula. El blog como plataforma para enseñar español y algunos ejemplos de actividades.

  1. Considerações sobre o narcotráfico no Marajó: reflexões sobre o desemprego e a ilegalidade (Considerations on the drug trafficking in Marajó: reflections on unemployment and illegality

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Christiane Pimentel Silva

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Resumo: O mercado de trabalho contemporâneo mostra crescente incapacidadede absorver força de trabalho, mesmo a qualificada, em razão da reestruturação produtiva, que amplia em proporção geométrica as formas de trabalho precárias e os níveis de desemprego. O resultado dessas alterações na vida social foi o aprofundamento na concentração de renda e redimensionamento das condições de reprodução da população e expansão sem precedentes da pobreza no Brasil e no mundo. A pesquisa realizada no município de Breves, no arquipélago do Marajó, parte da avaliação do desenvolvimento social do município, analisando os indicadores oficiais sobre renda, índice de pobreza, emprego, informalidade, IDH, esgotamento sanitário, etc. Também foram realizadas entrevistas com 11 pessoas envolvidas no mercado ilícito. O resultado permite compreender que, sob contexto de vulnerabilidade social, as redes do narcotráfi co conseguem se desenvolver, utilizando-se da mão de obra expulsa do mercado formal, que possui pouca possibilidade de retorno, por sua baixa qualifi cação e escolaridade.Abstract: Contemporary labor market reveals an increasing inability to absorb even qualified workforce due to the restructuring of production methods which expands in great proportions the precarious forms of employment and unemployment levels. The results of these changes in social life are: income concentration, changes in the reproduction conditions of the population; and an unprecedented expansion of poverty in Brazil and worldwide. The research conducted in the municipality of Breves, located in the archipelago of Marajó, started from the evaluation of social development of the city, examining the official income indicators, poverty rate, employment, informal market, HDI and basic sanitation. The research also included interviews with eleven people involved in the illegal market. The result reveals that a context of social vulnerability enables the

  2. Influência das características estruturais sobre a processabilidade do polibutadieno alto cis Influence of structural characteristics on the high-cis polybutadiene processability

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ivana L. Mello

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Características físicas, tais como peso molecular, distribuição de peso molecular e ramificações, têm importância significativa na processabilidade do polibutadieno. Assim, deve haver um balanceamento dessas características a fim de se obter boas propriedades mecânicas e boa processabilidade. Este Trabalho apresenta uma breve revisão sobre a influência das características estruturais na processabilidade do polibutadieno produzido por diferentes sistemas catalíticos. São apresentadas também algumas técnicas encontradas na literatura para melhorar a processabilidade desse elastômero.Physical characteristics, such as, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and branching, have a significant influence on polybutadiene processability. Thus, a balance should exist in these characteristics for good mechanical properties and processability. This work brings a brief review of the influence of structural characteristics on the processability of polybutadiene produced by different catalyst systems. Also presented are some techniques from the literature aimed at improving processability of this elastomer.

  3. The use of ozone in an artificial seawater environment and its ability to degrade Gymnodinium breve toxins

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Schneider, K.R.

    1991-01-01

    The objectives of this research were to establish the practicality of currently used oxidant tests for ozone-treated artificial seawater and to determine the effectiveness of using ozone to reduce toxins associated with Gymnodinium breve, the red tide-causing dinoflagellate found in the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Florida. In addition to its beneficial role, some emphasis was placed on ascertaining if any harmful by-products could be formed during the ozonation process. Three tests using amperometric titration, potassium iodide (KI) and N,N-diethyl-p-phenylene-diamine (DPD) were performed to determine their ability to detect ozone-produced oxidants in various solutions. These methods yielded different results when bromine and ammonia concentrations were varied in an artificial seawater (ASW) environment. The KI test yielded up to 100 percent higher estimates for each sample than did the amperometric and DPD tests. To test for the possible production of harmful by-products during the ozonation process, ASW samples were spiked with 1 gram of hesperetin. In experiments where the seawater mix was exposed to 27 ppm of ozone prior to the introduction of the organic precursor, small but measurable amounts of tribromomethane were detected via gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. As the ozone dose was increased to 135 ppm, the recoverable levels of tribromomethane increased. When G. breve toxins were exposed to ozone treatment, samples displayed a three log reduction in the total amount of toxin recovered after ten minutes. Reduction in toxin levels directly correlated with reduction of toxicity as determined by a fish bioassay. It is significant to report that even after 10 minutes of ozonation, comparable to dose levels of that might be used in a commercial depuration facility, some toxins were still recoverable by HPLC analysis.

  4. Less is more: bondades de lo breve en el Río de la Plata

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julio Prieto

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Las famosas palabras del prólogo de El jardín de senderos que se bifurcan condensan una poética narrativa que no sólo podemos considerar emblemática de uno de los autores seminales del siglo XX –Jorge Luis Borges– sino que también informa una de las líneas de escritura más fructíferas de la literatura del Río de la Plata: aquella que cifra un decoro literario en la eficacia de la brevedad. En esa tradición se cuentan algunas de las obras más significativas de esa literatura, desde la microtextualidad de los prólogos, “resúmenes y comentarios” de Borges, a los relatos breves y viñetas humorísticas de Julio Cortázar, Cristina Peri Rossi, Luisa Valenzuela y Ana María Shua.

  5. Validación inicial de una Escala Breve de Satisfacción con los Estudios en estudiantes universitarios de Lima

    OpenAIRE

    Merino-Soto, César; Dominguez-Lara, Sergio; Fernández-Arata, Manuel

    2017-01-01

    Objetivo: Realizar el análisis psicométrico preliminar de la Escala Breve de Satisfacción con los Estudios (EBSE) en estudiantes universitarios. Método: Se evaluó una muestra de 590 estudiantes (75,9% mujeres) de edades comprendidas entre los 17 y los 47 años (M = 20,37; DE = 3,155). Adicionalmente, se utilizaron medidas de ansiedad (GAD-2) y depresión (PHQ-2). Se aplicó un análisis factorial exploratorio, para conjuntamente diferenciar el EBSE, GAD-2 y PHQ-2. Finalmente, la fiabilidad por...

  6. MOVILIDAD, AMBIENTE Y CENTROS HISTÓRICOS: UNA REFLEXIÓN A PROPÓSITO DEL SECTOR DE LA CANDELARIA, BOGOTÁ D. C., COLOMBIA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Martínez de V. Beatriz

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo es producto de la primera revisión bibliográfica realizada para el desarrollo de la investigación “Movilidad sostenible en centros históricos de ciudades colombianas”, la cual busca incorporar a los estudios urbanos los conceptos de tecnología, movilidad, transporte y ambiente, con énfasis en el análisis del impacto de las tecnologías de transporte sobre el patrimonio edificado. El objetivo de este artículo es brindar al lector una visión panorámica sobre la temática planteada y hacer un llamado de atención sobre la pertinencia de iniciar una reflexión sobre la relación entre tecnología, movilidad, transporte, ambiente y patrimonio en los centros históricos. Se presenta inicialmente una breve referencia al contexto y al sector de La Candelaria, ubicado en el área suroriental de Bogotá D.C., Colombia, a 2.600 msnm, con una extensión de 188,12 Ha y declarado Monumento Nacional en 1963. Posteriormente, se presentan algunas anotaciones sobre aspectos asociados a la movilidad y el transporte en Bogotá durante los siglos XIX y XX, y sobre los modos de transporte y sus efectos en el ambiente y el patrimonio. Finalmente se hace una breve descripción de algunos proyectos, planes y estudios de movilidad y transporte realizados a propósito de la búsqueda de soluciones a los problemas que se ocasionan en el centro histórico por efecto de las tecnologías de transporte.

  7. Breve comentário sobre o processo eleitoral de 2010

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pedro Vanzin Filho

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available

    Neste ano de 2010, no qual tivemos eleições para escolha dos condutores máximos do Brasil, o processo encerrado a pouco ratificou a Democracia Representativa. Essa que não enseja a participação direta dos cidadãos nos processos de decisão manteve com a presença do eleitorado brasileiro a ordem constitucional vigente.

  8. A comorbidade entre transtornos alimentares e de personalidade e suas implicações clínicas Comorbidity in eating and psychological disorders and its clinical implications

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernanda Celeste de Oliveira Martins

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Os autores revisam, de maneira breve, os estudos clínicos sobre comorbidade em transtornos alimentares. Aspectos gerais do tratamento nessas situações são discutidos.We briefly reviewed the clinical studies of comorbidity in eating disorders. general aspects of the treatment in these situations are discussed.

  9. A bacia hidrográfica como unidade fundamental de análise da paisagem: a Bacia do Pacuí e a sua relação com a Bacia do São Francisco

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Ivete Soares de Almeida

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo procura entender a bacia hidrográfica como unidade espacial e básica na análise do ambiente, ficando implícita a adoção da visão integrada da paisagem e do meio ambiente. Neste sentido, apresenta uma breve revisão teórica sobre a evolução dos estudos sobre as bacias hidrográficas. Esta discussão se faz necessária para o entendimento de como o conceito bacia hidrográfica tem sido trabalhado na geografia. A seguir é feita uma contextualização da paisagem da Bacia do Pacuí e a sua relação com a Bacia do São Francisco. Ao mesmo tempo contempla breves reflexões acerca do uso e ocupação dos solos urbanos e rurais, e sobre as grandes diferenças socioeconômicas e ambientais dos municípios que fazem parte da Bacia do Pacuí. Ao finalizar este artigo percebe-se que a paisagem do Pacuí necessita de um planejamento que contemple medidas concretas de manejo e conservação dos recursos naturais existentes na Bacia do Pacuí.

  10. Religión y Educación Pública

    OpenAIRE

    Palomino Lozano, Rafael

    2009-01-01

    Relación general sobre la presencia de la religión como materia docente en la educación reglada: actores implicados, derechos educativos, modelos educativos y enseñanza de la religión, modalidades de enseñanza de la religión como asignatura. Breve apunte sobre lo símbolos religiosos en la escuela. Versión parcial. Keynote speech. General account concerning the presence of religion in public education: social actors, educational rights, educational models, religion as a school subject. Bri...

  11. Oficina de Aritmética: o Uso dos Números Primos na Resolução de Problemas e Algumas curiosidades

    OpenAIRE

    REIS, C. C.

    2014-01-01

    Este projeto traz uma proposta de oficina-didática para professores e alunos dos ensinos fundamental e médio trabalharem, nas aulas ou mesmo no aprimoramento para turmas que se preparam para as olimpíadas de matemática, técnicas de resolução de problemas envolvendo números primos. A sequência dos capítulos expõe a teoria básica, breve argumentação sobre resolução de problemas, problemas diversos sobre números primos e suas resoluções e, por fim, artigos sobre curiosidades no mundo inteiro a r...

  12. Las Comunidades Terapéuticas para el Tratamiento de la Drogodependencia en Europa

    OpenAIRE

    Paolo Stocco

    2008-01-01

    Después de una breve introduccción sobre el concepto de drogodependencia que se podría entender como un modo de auto curación y un modo errado de resolver problemas personales y de relación y después de brindar una visión panorámica sobre el consumo de sustancias en Europa, el artículo aborda el tema de los tratamientos de rehabilitación en las comunidades terapéuticas y brinda un panorama general sobre la evolución de los escenarios terapéuticos de los tratamientos residenciales en las com...

  13. Entrevista breve a Samuel Amaral (CONICET / UNTREF)

    OpenAIRE

    Cuestiones de Sociología

    2013-01-01

    A tres décadas de la recuperación democrática en la Argentina y de la cristalización de otros procesos de transición a la democracia en América Latina, este número especial de la Revista Cuestiones de Sociología está orientado a reflexionar críticamente sobre diferentes debates y conflictos acaecidos a lo largo de estos treinta años en nuestro país. En tal sentido, formulamos las siguientes preguntas a un conjunto de sociólogos destacados de nuestros medio. Departamento de Sociología...

  14. The early impact of therapeutic alliance in brief psychodynamic psychotherapy O impacto inicial da aliança terapêutica em psicoterapia psicodinâmica breve

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Alvaro Marques Marcolino

    2003-06-01

    Full Text Available INTRODCTION: Therapeutic alliance is a key component of the psychotherapeutic process. This study estimated the impact of the therapeutic alliance as measured by CALPAS-P in an individual brief psychodynamic psychotherapy program. METHODS: To study the impact of the therapeutic alliance patients in psychotherapy answered to the CALPAS-P at the first and third session and to the Self-report Questionnaire (SRQ-20, to the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI and to the Hamilton Anxiety Scale at the beginning and at the end of psychotherapy. RESULTS: The study of the impact of the therapeutic alliance in brief psychodynamic psychotherapy showed that higher TUI scores in the first session were significantly associated to the improvement on the BDI. Patients with best scores in the working alliance, measured at the third PWC session had also significant symptomatic changes. DISCUSSION: The study of the impact of the therapeutic alliance in brief psychotherapy indicated that patients who perceived that their therapists had the best capability to understand and to be involved in their issues had best results in reducing depressive symptoms and patients with higher capability to form the working alliance reached the best psychotherapy outcomes.INTRODUÇÃO: A aliança terapêutica é um conceito central do processo psicoterápico. Este estudo avaliou o impacto da aliança terapêutica em um programa de psicoterapia individual psicodinâmica breve. MÉTODO: Para o estudo do impacto da aliança, pacientes em psicoterapia responderam, ao início e ao final de cada psicoterapia, ao Questionário de auto-avaliação (SRQ-20, ao Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI e à Escala de Ansiedade de Hamilton. Responderam também a CALPAS-P ao término da primeira e da terceira sessão. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram que os pacientes com uma pontuação mais alta da TUI na primeira sessão tiveram um impacto significativo sobre a mudança da sintomatologia medida

  15. Plötzlich konkrete AdressatInnen!

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pichler, Josef

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available The present article is a result of the interdisciplinary cooperation between exegesis and religious education within the FWF project „Narrative Exegesis and Subject-oriented Biblical Didactis”. It focuses on the translation of the Lukanian Easter texts (Lk 24,13–49 for the lower secondary educational level. The translation criteria are made transparent and explained and the translation is, inter alia, founded in the experiences gained through various empirical teaching studies. Furthermore, the challenges and chances of interdisciplinary cooperation are reflected upon and it is made clear that exegesis may gain theological and diaconical depth through the constructive questioning of her tools of analysis and methodological steps and through the evaluation of biblical translations regarding a precisely defined group of addressees.

  16. El alma en el carriel

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Echeverri

    1981-01-01

    Full Text Available Sobre la tierra el hombre es la varilla de un breve reloj solar que marca la hora alta o temprana de su civilizacion. Allí está en mitad de la plaza aldeana el día de mercado -círculo suyo- nuestro campesino hincado siempre al suelo como una banderilla.

  17. Enfermedad del virus del Ébola (Ebola Virus Disease)

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    Este podcast proporciona información general sobre la enfermedad del virus del Ébola y el brote en África Occidental. El programa contiene declaraciones del director de los CDC, Dr. Tom Frieden, así como una breve descripción de las actividades de respuesta de los CDC.

  18. A Companhia de Jesus e o Breve de 1639: o propósito e o acontecimento * The Society of Jesus and the Bull of 1639: their main intentions and the following events

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    EUNÍCIA BARROS BARCELOS FERNANDES

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available Resumo: O artigo analisa diferentes condições na relação entre jesuítas, colonos e indígenas; apresentando matrizes de ideário e experiência que geraram o Breve de 1639, que declarava liberdade irrestrita dos indígenas, bem como sua recepção no Rio de Janeiro. A observação da mudança de contextos e de relações entre os agentes expõe a singularidade da percepção de liberdade indígena contida no Breve e como tal singularidade atingia anseios de colonos.Palavras-chave: Breve de 1639 – Companhia de Jesus – Colonos – Indígenas – Liberdade – Rio de Janeiro. Abstract: This work analyses the different perspectives in the relationship of Jesuits, settlers and amerindians; by that we present some of the arrays of the ideas and the experiences that lead to the Bull of 1639 and also the reception of this document, which declared freedom without further conditions to all amerindians, in Rio de Janeiro. The opportunity to observe the changes in the contexts and in the relationships allow us to expose singularities in the perception of liberty defended to the amerindians presented to us by the Bull and how these particularities affected lives and wishes of the settlers in Rio de Janeiro. Keywords: Bull of 1639 – Society of Jesus – Settlers – Amerindians – Liberty – Rio de Janeiro.

  19. Avaliação da influência da temperatura sobre o desenvolvimento de Aedes albopictus

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniéla Cristina Calado

    2002-04-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar a influência da temperatura sobre os estágios de desenvolvimento de Aedes albopictus sob condições de laboratório. MÉTODOS: Foi avaliado o período de desenvolvimento dos estágios de ovo, larva e pupa em quatro temperaturas constantes de 15ºC, 20ºC, 25ºC e 30ºC em câmaras climatizadas com umidade relativa do ar oscilando entre 70% e 85% e fotoperíodo de CE 12:12 horas. Pela análise de variância, foram testados os efeitos das quatro temperaturas constantes. RESULTADOS: O período de incubação dos ovos compreendeu 38,38; 19,09; 13,10; e 10,44 dias; o período larval dos indivíduos machos atingiu 30,13; 13,83; 7,36; e 5,57 dias; o período larval para fêmeas apresentou duração de 33,22; 15,00; 8,06; e 6,16 dias; o período pupal em machos compreendeu 8,01; 4,92; 2,40; e 1,76 dias, enquanto nas fêmeas foi de 8,15; 5,11; 2,60; e 1,88 dias sob as temperaturas de 15ºC, 20ºC, 25ºC e 30ºC, respectivamente. Em todos os estágios de desenvolvimento, foram encontradas diferenças significativas, entre as temperaturas avaliadas, em torno de 5% no tempo de desenvolvimento. O período de desenvolvimento foi inversamente relacionado à temperatura, com o período larval mais breve em machos que em fêmeas. Nas temperaturas de 20ºC a 30ºC, o desenvolvimento foi mais breve e com maior viabilidade que a 15ºC. CONCLUSÕES: Nas condições em que foram realizados os experimentos, a temperatura afetou de forma significativa e inversamente proporcional os estágios imaturos de Aedes albopictus. Esses resultados mostram que os estágios imaturos são mais suscetíveis durante os períodos de baixas temperaturas devido ao maior tempo necessário para completar o desenvolvimento, informação que pode ser utilizada em estratégias de controle.

  20. Immunomodulatory Effects of Lactobacillus salivarius LS01 and Bifidobacterium breve BR03, Alone and in Combination, on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Allergic Asthmatics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Drago, Lorenzo; De Vecchi, Elena; Gabrieli, Arianna; De Grandi, Roberta; Toscano, Marco

    2015-07-01

    The aim of this study was to evaluate probiotic characteristics of Lactobacillus salivarius LS01 and Bifidobacterium breve BR03 alone and in combination and their immunomodulatory activity in asthmatic subjects. Subjects affected by allergic asthma were recruited. Initially, LS01 and BR03 were analyzed for their growth compatibility by a broth compatibility assay. To study the antimicrobial activity of probiotic strains, an agar diffusion assay was performed. Finally, cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with LS01 and BR03 was determined by means of specific quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The growth of some clinical pathogens were slightly inhibited by LS01 and LS01-BR03 co-culture supernatant not neutralized to pH 6.5, while only the growth of E. coli and S. aureus was inhibited by the supernatant of LS01 and LS01-BR03 neutralized to pH 6.5. Furthermore, LS01 and BR03 combination was able to decrease the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by PBMCs, leading to an intense increase in IL-10 production. L. salivarius LS01 and B. breve BR03 showed promising probiotic properties and beneficial immunomodulatory activity that are increased when the 2 strains are used in combination in the same formulation.

  1. Análisis de las formulaciones sobre la resistencia a cortante del hormigón

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Freire Tellado, Manuel J.

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available In this paper, we analyse all of the formulations stated in the Spanish regulation, which allows to evaluate concrete contribution to a structure shear strength. We also offer a historical review of the different formulations included not only in the Spanish regulation, but also in the current versions of other relevant guidelines; this opens a short discussion on the problem to be considered. Afterwards, we contrast results obtained under the Spanish regulation with those obtained under other rules. A numerical analysis is done parallely on two rectangular sections, one plane (axb and the other being edgeways (bxa. Both have the same dimensions and are under the action of the same bending moment. Finally, the formulations previously stated are applied to a floor concrete wrought; we study different types of resistance on the concrete with three armed solutions for each case, we compare results obtained, and this leads to some curious conclusions.El artículo realiza un análisis de la expresiones de la normativa española que permiten estimar la contribución del hormigón en la resistencia a cortante de una estructura, sugiriendo algunas precisiones, mejoras y refinamientos posibles. Seguidamente se realiza un repaso de las diferentes expresiones que planteó la normativa española a lo largo de su historia y de las versiones actuales de otras normas de reconocido prestigio, realizándose una breve discusión sobre el problema del ancho a considerar. Posteriormente se contrastan los resultados de las formulaciones españolas con los que derivan de las otras normas citadas, análisis que se realiza paralelamente sobre dos secciones, una plana y otra de canto, de iguales dimensiones y sometidas a la actuación del mismo momento flector. Finalmente se aplican las formulaciones anteriores a la sección de un forjado, estudiando hormigones de distinta resistencia con tres soluciones de armado en cada caso, comparándose los resultados obtenidos, y

  2. De "los límites de la planeación urbana" a la definición del "modelo de gestión urbana en Ciudad Juárez"... ¿hacia un desarrollo sustentable al dominio de los "no lugares"?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pedro Cital Beltrán

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available En el presente ensayo se trata de hacer un breve recuento de las discusiones que se han presentado en algunos de los trabajos publicados en la revista Nóesis, particularmente los relacionados con desarrollo y planeación urbana, incluyendo las reflexiones sobre medio ambiente y vivienda. Asimismo, se presenta un balance respecto a las experiencias desarrolladas en los últimos años sobre este tema en Ciudad Juárez, en donde diversos acontecimientos han ido definiendo la configuración y el crecimiento de la localidad.

  3. Equivalência lexical e aspectos morfológicos de termos em português e espanhol do domínio da dermatologia

    OpenAIRE

    Delvizio, Ivanir Azevedo [UNESP

    2006-01-01

    O objetivo principal dessa pesquisa foi realizar a busca das equivalências em espanhol para um conjunto de termos, em português, da área da Dermatologia, e analisar as relações de equivalência mantidas entre esses termos em uma abordagem contrastiva. Para tanto, tomamos como base os trabalhos de Alpízar-Castillo (1997), Dubuc (1985) e Felber (1987) sobre Terminologia Bilíngüe. Nosso primeiro passo foi realizar um breve estudo sobre a área da Dermatologia para adquirirmos uma visão geral da ex...

  4. Em busca de uma ideologia para a revolução mexicana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Paula Cantarelli

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Vários pesquisadores, desde 1910, teceram reflexões sobre a existência ou não de uma ideologia manifesta na estrutura da revolução mexicana. Neste texto, dedicamo-nos a retomar de forma breve tais discussões a partir da análise do romance Pedro Páramo, de Juan Rulfo. Nosso intuito é apresentar uma proposta de leitura dessa obra considerando, principalmente, os estudos de Octavio Paz (1998 e Arnaldo Córdova (1989 e 2003 que possuem perspectivas distintas sobre esse tema.

  5. TBT e imposex en Galicia: los efectos de un disruptor endocrino en poblaciones de gasterópodos marinos

    OpenAIRE

    R. Barreiro; M. Quintela; J. M. Ruiz

    2004-01-01

    En este artículo se resume la experiencia de nuestro grupo de investigación en el campo de los efectos de un disruptor endocrino androgenizante (el tributilo de estaño, más conocido como TBT por su abreviatura del inglés tributyltin) en gasterópodos marinos del litoral gallego. Nuestras investigaciones sobre este tema comenzaron en 1996 y continúan en la actualidad. Después de una breve introducción sobre qué es el TBT y su problemática, se resumen los principales hallazgos conseguid...

  6. El marketing y la transmedialidad de los productos audiovisuales para internet: Netflix

    OpenAIRE

    ESCRIVÁ FORNELIO, LAURA

    2014-01-01

    Anàlisi de les estratègies de marketing i transmedia utilitzades per Netflix, un breu resum sobre què és transmedia, la convergencia dels mitjans de comunicació i la distribució online. Com pot Netflix vendre un producte si cada usuari el consumeix a un ritme? Netflix adapta les necessitats de l’espectador amb els drets d’autor en una lluita contra la pirateria. Análisis de las estrategias de marketing y transmedia utilizadas por Netflix, un breve resumen sobre qué es transmedia, la conver...

  7. Neuroeducation in dialogue: neuromyths in theaching-learning process and in moral education

    OpenAIRE

    Pallarés Domínguez, Daniel Vicente

    2016-01-01

    Este trabajo se plantea como una breve revisión crítica sobre algunos de los temas actuales que se están estudiando en la intersección entre neurociencia, educación y ética. El primer objetivo es reflexionar sobre la relación que mantienen supuestos básicos que definen la conceptualización actual de la neuroeducación. Manteniendo un diálogo interdisciplinar, el segundo objetivo será analizar algunos de los neuromitos en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El tercer objetivo es de...

  8. A importância da hipoterapia nas crianças autistas

    OpenAIRE

    Caçador, Carla Patrícia Moreira

    2014-01-01

    O presente trabalho tem como finalidade apresentar uma breve perspetiva do objeto de investigação que se centrou, em primeiro lugar, numa pesquisa teórica sobre o autismo, a hipoterapia e os benefícios da mesma em crianças autistas, tendo como objetivo obter conhecimentos sobre a temática que me propus investigar. As crianças com autismo têm muitas dificuldades em interagir socialmente, evitam o contato social, isolam-se e têm comportamentos disruptivos, todas estas características dificul...

  9. Estudio de factibilidad para la creación de una microempresa artesanal productora y comercializadora de chocolate relleno con cascaras de naranja para el mercado Quiteño

    OpenAIRE

    Jurado Rosero, Andrea Cristina

    2009-01-01

    El presente proyecto es una investigación sobre la factibilidad de crear una microempresa artesanal productora y comercializadora de chocolates rellenos con cáscara de naranja para el mercado quiteño, dirigido especialmente con poder adquisitivo (nivel socioeconómico A, B, C), y las condiciones saludables para hacerlo. El estudio se desarrolló en siete capítulos. En el capítulo primero se hace una breve reseña del producto dando a conocer información sobre sus características e...

  10. Histórias de reencontro: ancestralidade, pertencimento e enraizamento na descoberta de ser negra

    OpenAIRE

    Miriam Rosa dos Santos

    2014-01-01

    Este trabalho se propõe a compreender os processos subjetivos implicados na descoberta de ser negra. Analisamos o legado histórico deixado à população negra, a saber: o escravismo, o racismo e a ideologia do embranquecimento e os desdobramentos destes sobre a subjetividade da mulher negra. Apresentamos um breve panorama dos estudos da Psicologia sobre a temática racial. A pesquisa de campo se desenvolveu a partir do depoimento de três mulheres negras, de diferentes localidades do país, que em...

  11. Cómo citar la bibliografía en los trabajos académicos

    OpenAIRE

    Navarro Laboulais, Cristina Teresa

    2013-01-01

    Breu guia d'estil de bibliografia basada en al Manual d'estil de Chicago. Mitjançant exemples es fan indicacions sobre com referenciar diferents tipus de documents: llibres, articles de revista, treballs acadèmics, pàgines web, pel·lícules, tuits, posts de Facebook, etc. Breve guía de estilo de bibliografía basada en el Manual de estilo de Chicago. Mediante ejemplos se dan indicaciones sobre cómo referenciar diferentes tipos de documentos: libros, artículos de revista, trabajos académicos,...

  12. Turismo literario como tipología emergente del turismo cultural : Caso: la ciudad de La Plata y una novela de Bioy Casares

    OpenAIRE

    Corrado, Melina Denise

    2015-01-01

    El presente trabajo pretende aportar a la conceptualización teórica del turismo literario como tipología emergente del turismo cultural. A tales fines, se presenta la revisión bibliográfica pertinente sobre el tema, a partir de la cual se sustentan los nuevos aportes. Además, se enumeran en una breve descripción algunas experiencias de turismo literario en el mundo. Seguidamente, se explicita la caracterización del perfil del turista literario – real y potencial - que se suscita sobre las ...

  13. Overview of the computerized adaptive testing special section

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vicente Ponsoda

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available Presentación de la sección monográfica sobre test adaptativos informatizados. Este artículo proporciona una visión conjunta de la sección especial de Psicológica sobre tests adaptativos informatizados. Se presenta también una breve introducción al tema. De cada artículo se muestran sus principales resultados, las conexiones con los demás trabajos de la sección especial y el tema de investigación con el que está más relacionado.

  14. Aplicaciones farmacéuticas del quitosano

    OpenAIRE

    Montalvo Aique, Pedro Luis; Montalvo Aique, Pedro Luis; Montalvo Aique, Pedro Luis

    2009-01-01

    Entre los temas que se trataran en este informe es sobre el quitosano como una breve reseña histórica donde hablaré sobre las fuentes y métodos de obtención de la quitina, caracterización del quitosano, aplicaciones generales del quitosano, derivados del quitosano de mayor importancia, modificación química del quitosano, quitosanos en diversas formas y las aplicaciones farmacéuticas del quitosano como la liberación de fármacos. La actividad industrial de procesado de los productos de la pe...

  15. Evaluación breve del lenguaje oral en adultos mediante la batería de neuropsicología cognitiva: NEUROBEL

    OpenAIRE

    Adrian-Torres, Jose Antonio

    2015-01-01

    La batería NEUROBEL (Batería breve de evaluación del lenguaje oral en adultos) es una nueva prueba de evaluación de sondeo (screening), que ha sido publicada recientemente en España con los valores de un estudio piloto pensada para profesionales que necesiten una valoración, en un corto periodo de tiempo, de los principales procesos implicados en el lenguaje oral desde paradigmas psicolingüísticos. La batería NEUROBEL puede considerarse una versión abreviada de otras baterías más largas de ev...

  16. Adenoma tiroidiano con sospecha de degeneración maligna

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manuel José Luque

    1944-11-01

    III El autor describe la intervención quirúrgica y anota los hallazgos del acto operatorio. Se hizo una estirpación meticulosa de todas las formaciones ganglionares. IV Transcribe día a día el post operatorio y termina con unas breves consideraciones sobre la degeneración neoplásica del cuerpo tiroides.

  17. Efetividade da intervenção breve para o uso abusivo de álcool na atenção primária: revisão sistemática

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Odete Pereira

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available A pesquisa identificou estudos clínicos acerca das intervenções breves para o uso abusivo de álcool e analisou a eficácia dos aconselhamentos para os consumidores. Estudo bibliográfico sistemático que utilizou artigos publicados no período de 1997 a 2010. Os achados mostraram que a estratégia de intervenção breve é efetiva na redução da frequência e quantidade de álcool, com melhores resultados quando aplicada na atenção primária. Todos os profissionais da área da saúde obtêm bons resultados com o manejo dessa terapia. Não foi possível definir se a estratégia é mais eficaz se aplicada em bebedores de uso nocivo ou em crônicos, uma vez que a intervenção depende da mobilização de recursos motivacionais do paciente e de mudanças de atitude relacionadas ao consumo de álcool.

  18. Validez de la escala breve de Zung para tamizaje del episodio depresivo mayor en la población general de Bucaramanga, Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    Adalberto Campo; Luis Alfonso Díaz; Germán Eduardo Rueda

    2006-01-01

    Introducción. Las escalas breves para identificar trastornos depresivos conservan la utilidad de las escalas extensas como instrumentos para tamizaje. Sin embargo, no se cuenta con una escala de estas características validada en población general colombiana. Objetivo. Diseñar una escala abreviada de la escala de Zung para depresión para tamizaje de episodio depresivo mayor en adultos residentes en la comunidad general. Materiales y métodos. A partir de la aplicación de la escala de Zung...

  19. Terapia breve em hospital fechado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo Cesar Sandler

    1978-09-01

    Full Text Available O presente estudo cuida de pacientes "difíceis" da clínica psiquiátrica e psicoterápica: os pacientes que apresentam o fenômeno da atuação, cuja aproximação terapêutica tem se demonstrado problemática, mesmo com o advento das modernas técnicas de psicoterapia e das comunidades terapêuticas. Os diagnósticos psiquiátricos destes pacientes variam: são neuróticos, apresentam transtornos de pesonalidade, são psicóticos e quase sempre com graves doenças secundárias: alcoolismo e toxicomania (Códigos Classificação Internacional de Doenças 295 a 299, 300. 301, 303 e 304. Propõe-se, à luz da compreensão psicanalítica destas pessoas, um tratamento psicoterápico breve, focal, com o auxílio de uma hospitalização em regime fechado. Para a avaliação dos resultados do método psicoterápico diádico, criaram-se critérios de cura coerentes com a proposta terapêutica, e equiparam-se estes critérios clínicos a valores numéricos. Utilizando 36 pacientes internados, verificou-se até que ponto eles alcançavam estes critérios. Cada paciente recebeu um escore - valor numérico - que expressou o seu desempenho durante o tratamento em regime de internação, e sua conduta pós-alta hospitalar, durante um seguimento médio de 21 meses. Estes 36 pacientes puderam ser divididos em dois grupos: os de evolução favorável (obtivemos 36,1% e os de evolução desfavorável. Por meio de uma amostra sistemática composta por 41 pacientes que não foram submetidos ao método, internados no mesmo período de tempo, no mesmo hospital, e pareados com nossa casuística, fêz-se uma comparação estatística entre os percentis obtidos nas evoluções dos dois grupos. O valor do teste estatístico, o chi quadrado, não foi significante. O exame das proporções correspondentes a cada patologia em separado sugeriu fortemente que o tratamento estaria indicado nas neuroses e nas psicoses, mas que seria realmente ineficaz nos transtornos de

  20. Religiosidade popular católica no Brasil durante a vigência do Padroado

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    Mauro Dillmann

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo pretende realizar uma breve revisão bibliográfica sobre a religiosidade popular no Brasil, do período colonial ao final do século XIX, bem como uma rápida apreciação da historiografia produzida sobre o tema no país, destacando os diferentes enfoques e interpretações sobre as peculiaridades das manifestações populares de fé. Aborda também características atribuídas para a categoria “popular”, destacando, por fim, as irmandades religiosas como os espaços próprios e exemplares de manifestações de práticas leigas do catolicismo.

  1. Validez de la escala breve de Zung para tamizaje del episodio depresivo mayor en la población general de Bucaramanga, Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    Campo, Adalberto; Díaz, Luis Alfonso; Rueda, Germán Eduardo

    2006-01-01

    Introducción. Las escalas breves para identificar trastornos depresivos conservan la utilidad de las escalas extensas como instrumentos para tamizaje. Sin embargo, no se cuenta con una escala de estas características validada en población general colombiana. Objetivo. Diseñar una escala abreviada de la escala de Zung para depresión para tamizaje de episodio depresivo mayor en adultos residentes en la comunidad general. Materiales y métodos. A partir de la aplicación de la escala de Zung de ve...

  2. Breves reflexões sobre a soberania e a supranacionalidade nos procesos de integração regional - 10.5102/uri.v8i2.1161

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elisa de Sousa Ribeiro

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar uma realidade que emergiu no mundo globalizado: o debate acerca da (impossibilidade de concessão de parcela de soberania dos Estados para um organismo supranacional de integração. Com base nos discursos de cientistas políticos e internacionalistas, apresentam-se diferentes perspectivas sobre a afirmativa de que a soberania seria um atributo exclusivo do Estado e que esse não poderia ceder uma parcela a outro ente. Em outras palavras, procura-se refletir se o Estado efetivamente cede o exercício de algumas competências soberanas aos organismos de integração ou se a soberania poderia ser compartilhada ou até mesmo concedida parcial ou totalmente a um organismo internacional.

  3. Epithelial cell proliferation arrest induced by lactate and acetate from Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium breve.

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    Takahiro Matsuki

    Full Text Available In an attempt to identify and characterize how symbiotic bacteria of the gut microbiota affect the molecular and cellular mechanisms of epithelial homeostasis, intestinal epithelial cells were co-cultured with either Lactobacillus or Bifidobacterium as bona fide symbionts to examine potential gene modulations. In addition to genes involved in the innate immune response, genes encoding check-point molecules controlling the cell cycle were among the most modulated in the course of these interactions. In the m-ICcl2 murine cell line, genes encoding cyclin E1 and cyclin D1 were strongly down regulated by L. casei and B. breve respectively. Cell proliferation arrest was accordingly confirmed. Short chain fatty acids (SCFA were the effectors of this modulation, alone or in conjunction with the acidic pH they generated. These results demonstrate that the production of SCFAs, a characteristic of these symbiotic microorganisms, is potentially an essential regulatory effector of epithelial proliferation in the gut.

  4. Psicoterapia psicodinâmica breve: estratégia terapêutica e mudança no padrão de relacionamento conflituoso

    OpenAIRE

    Yoshida,Elisa Medici Pizão; Elyseu Jr,Sebastião; Silva,Fernanda Robert de Carvalho Santos; Finotelli Jr,Itor; Sanches,Fabrícia Medeiros; Penteado,Elisa Frederich; Massei,Ariane Cristina; Rocha,Gláucia Mitsuko Ataka da; Enéas,Maria Leonor Espinosa

    2009-01-01

    Examinaram-se possíveis relações entre mudanças no padrão de relacionamento conflituoso de paciente, de 48 anos, submetida a psicoterapia breve psicodinâmica, e a estratégia terapêutica adotada pela terapeuta. Foi também avaliada a "magnitude" da mudança em sintomas psicopatológicos ao final do processo e entrevistas de acompanhamento (3 e 6 meses), com instrumentos de autorrelato: Inventário Beck de Depressão (BDI), Escala de Alexitimia de Toronto (TAS), Escala de Avaliação de Sintomas-40 (E...

  5. Associação entre distúrbios do ombro e trabalho: breve revisão da literatura Association between shoulder diseases and work: a brief review

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hélio Pires de Mendonça Jr.

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma breve revisão da literatura focalizada nos distúrbios do ombro. As publicações foram pesquisadas nos sites do Medline, Ovid, Lilacs e periódicos Capes, no período de janeiro de 1993 a julho de 2004, com as seguintes palavras-chave: shoulder pain, rotator cuff, job, dor no ombro, manguito rotador, trabalho. Foram selecionados os artigos de acordo com os seguintes critérios: estudo epidemiológico publicado em inglês, português ou espanhol, com informações sobre a carga física ou sobre os fatores psicossociais do trabalho, explicitação do método de avaliação da exposição, presença de dor no ombro ou tendinopatia do manguito rotador. Vinte artigos preencheram todos os critérios de inclusão. Encontrou-se associação positiva entre os distúrbios do ombro e o trabalho praticado pelos sujeitos dos estudos revisados. Restaram como limite da revisão: a heterogeneidade dos artigos quanto à avaliação da exposição, ao tipo de diagnóstico, à metodologia utilizada na condução da pesquisa, e aos meios para avaliação da dor. Os autores discutem a necessidade de aprofundamento dos métodos de investigação de problemas musculoesqueléticos relacionados ao trabalho.This article presents the results of a brief review of shoulder diseases and their association with work. Pertinent studies, identified by the keywords shoulder pain, rotator cuff, and job were reviewed in the reference databases Medline, Ovid, Lilacs and Capes journals (January 1993 to July 2004. The articles were chosen according to the following criteria: either epidemiological or experimental surveys having been published in English, Portuguese or Spanish, with information about physical demands or psychosocial factors of work, evaluation of exposure, presence of shoulder pain or rotator cuff lesion. After the search, 20 articles were included in the revision. The articles show a relationship between shoulder diseases

  6. Prevalence of HCV infection and associated factors among illicit drug users in Breves, State of Pará, northern Brazil.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pacheco, Suzy Danielly Barbosa; Silva-Oliveira, Gláucia Caroline; Maradei-Pereira, Luciana Maria Cunha; Crescente, José Ângelo Barletta; Lemos, José Alexandre Rodrigues de; Oliveira-Filho, Aldemir Branco de

    2014-01-01

    Illicit drug users (DUs) are vulnerable to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The shared use of illicit drugs is the main method of HCV transmission. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Breves, in northern Brazil. We surveyed 187 DUs to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with HCV infection. The prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies was 36.9%, and the prevalence of hepatitis C virus-ribonucleic acid (HCV-RNA) was 31%. Hepatitis C virus infection was associated with tattoos, intravenous drug use, shared use of equipment for drug use, drug use for longer than 3 years, and daily drug use. Strategies for preventing and controlling HCV transmission should be implemented among DUs.

  7. Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI): validação de entrevista breve para diagnóstico de transtornos mentais

    OpenAIRE

    Amorim, Patrícia

    2000-01-01

    Objetivos: O MINI é uma entrevista diagnóstica padronizada breve (15-30 minutos), compatível com os critérios do DSM-III-R/IV e da CID-10, que é destinada à utilização na prática clínica e na pesquisa em atenção primária e em psiquiatria, e pode ser utilizada por clínicos após um treinamento rápido (de 1 a 3 horas). A versão Plus do MINI, mais detalhada, gera diagnósticos positivos dos principais transtornos psicóticos e do humor do DSM-IV. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de quatro estudo...

  8. Algunas Notas sobre Domingo de Soto y la Prehistoria del Estado de Naturaleza Hobbesiano || Some notes about Domingo de Soto and the prehistory of Hobbe’s state of nature

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    David Jiménez Castaño

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: El objetivo de este breve trabajo es mostrar algunas relaciones que pueden ser trazadas entre las teorías políticas del teólogo español Domingo de Soto y el filósofo inglés Thomas Hobbes. De hecho, lo que intentamos probar es que el concepto de dominio de Soto y sus opiniones sobre el estado del hombre después de la Caída tienen cierta presencia en el estado de naturaleza que Hobbes usa para demostrar la necesidad del Estado. ABSTRACT: The aim of this brief work is to show some relations that can be drawn between the political theories of the Spanish theologian Domingo de Soto and the English philosopher Thomas Hobbes. In fact, what we want to prove is that Soto’s concept of dominion and his opinions about the state of man after the fall have some presence in the state of nature that Hobbes uses to demonstrate the necessity of the State.

  9. Nya testamentets exegetik som akademiskt ämne med relevans för andra ämnen

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    James A. Kelhoffer

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available This article is the author's inaugural lecture, delivered in November 2011 upon his installation as Professor of New Testament at Uppsala University. It addresses several conceptual and methodological questions about New Testament Exegesis, including: ‘What is New Testament Exegesis?’ ‘What does it mean to call New Testament Exegesis an academic discipline?’ and ‘How can this discipline have relevance for other disciplines?’ A central argument is that the current balkanization of biblical studies is undesirable and that scholars who use more traditional or newer methods should engage each other rather than talk past each other. Since the so-called ‘historical-critical method’ is, in fact, not just one method, this misconception in current nomenclature merits critical attention. Additionally, ‘the linguistic turn’ holds promise for future discussions.

  10. Mujeres españolas de la conquista en don Joan de Castellanos (I

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    Mario Germán Romero

    1962-10-01

    Full Text Available La participación de la mujer española en la conquista de América es un tema que apenas comienza a ser tratado con la profundidad que merece. A principios del siglo don Cesáreo Fernández Duro publicó una breve disertación sobre ' 'La mujer española en Indias".

  11. Historia de una histeria

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    Jorge Luis Gómez

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Una versión ecuatoriana de la novela "La guerra de los mundos" de H. G. Wells, en audición radiofónica de Radio Quito, en 1949, inauguró formalmente en el Ecuador la historia de las histerias colectivas. En este breve texto, el autor hace una reflexión sobre este fenómeno de masas.

  12. Bioética e Doação e Transplante de Órgãos

    OpenAIRE

    Goldim, José Roberto

    2016-01-01

    Slide presentation about Bioethics, Organ Donations and Transplants. A brief review about ethical issues retated to organ transplantation.Apresentação de diapositivos sobre Bioética, Doação e Transplante de Órgãos. É uma breve apresentação dobre os aspectos éticos relacionados ao transplante de órgãos. 

  13. Eficacia de la Terapia Psicoeducativa Motivacional Breve Dual (TPMB-D) en pacientes hospitalizados con trastorno por uso de sustancias y patología dual

    OpenAIRE

    Rubio Perlado, Begoña; Benito, Ana; Juan Porcar, María; Francés, Sonia; Real, Matías; Haro, Gonzalo

    2015-01-01

    Introducción: El término patología dual (PD) se refiere a la comorbilidad de los trastornos por uso de sustancias (TUS) con trastornos mentales graves. Se asocia con peores resultados de tratamiento que cada uno de estos trastornos por separado, por lo que es importante desarrollar terapias específicas para estos pacientes. En este sentido, el Hospital Provincial de Castellón adaptó la Terapia Psicoeducativa Motivacional Breve (efectiva en pacientes con TUS en Unidad de Desinto...

  14. Lugar de dudas. Sobre la práctica del análisis histórico. Breviario de inseguridades, de R. Silva

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    Alejandro Sánchez Lopera

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Esta obra del historiador colombiano Renán Silva (1951 es una polémica en torno a debates perennes en el campo historiográfico. Ofrece una notable reflexión sobre la construcción autónoma de problemas y objetos de investigación, evitando la tentación de corroborar aquello que sabemos previamente (nuestro prejuicio en el material de campo. Las propuestas de Pierre Bourdieu, Norbert Elias y Michel de Certeau operan en el libro como precaución frente a la tentación empirista de que el objeto de investigación existe dado en la realidad, de forma espontánea —sin reconocer que el objeto es un recorte, una creación (rigurosa o no del investigador—. Dividido en seis breves capítulos, el libro toma distancia de los dualismos convencionales que moralizan el análisis (élites vs. masas, criticando el empirismo y la pobreza conceptual de la historiografía reciente (p. 35. Revisa, a su vez, los dilemas éticos y epistemológicos a los que se enfrenta la práctica histórica universitaria: el anacronismo, el eurocentrismo-etnocentrismo, la subordinación (periferia, subalternidad, colonialismo.

  15. Digital signage sobre IP

    OpenAIRE

    Casademont Filella, Albert

    2012-01-01

    Projecte que versa sobre el disseny i la implementació d'un sistema de Digital Signage (Cartelleria Digital) sobre IP, creant un gestor que permeti controlar de forma remota tot un conjunt de petits dispositius connectats a pantalles que emeten continguts multimèdia com vídeos, imatges, feeds rss...

  16. Administration of Bifidobacterium breve PS12929 and Lactobacillus salivarius PS12934, Two Strains Isolated from Human Milk, to Very Low and Extremely Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants: A Pilot Study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Laura Moles

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available The preterm infant gut has been described as immature and colonized by an aberrant microbiota. Therefore, the use of probiotics is an attractive practice in hospitals to try to reduce morbidity and mortality in this population. The objective of this pilot study was to elucidate if administration of two probiotic strains isolated from human milk to preterm infants led to their presence in feces. In addition, the evolution of a wide spectrum of immunological compounds, including the inflammatory biomarker calprotectin, in both blood and fecal samples was also assessed. For this purpose, five preterm infants received two daily doses (~109 CFU of a 1 : 1 mixture of Bifidobacterium breve PS12929 and Lactobacillus salivarius PS12934. Bacterial growth was detected by culture-dependent techniques in all the fecal samples. The phylum Firmicutes dominated in nearly all fecal samples while L. salivarius PS12934 was detected in all the infants at numerous sample collection points and B. breve PS12929 appeared in five fecal samples. Finally, a noticeable decrease in the fecal calprotectin levels was observed along time.

  17. Administration of Bifidobacterium breve PS12929 and Lactobacillus salivarius PS12934, two strains isolated from human milk, to very low and extremely low birth weight preterm infants: a pilot study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Moles, Laura; Escribano, Esperanza; de Andrés, Javier; Montes, María Teresa; Rodríguez, Juan M; Jiménez, Esther; Sáenz de Pipaón, Miguel; Espinosa-Martos, Irene

    2015-01-01

    The preterm infant gut has been described as immature and colonized by an aberrant microbiota. Therefore, the use of probiotics is an attractive practice in hospitals to try to reduce morbidity and mortality in this population. The objective of this pilot study was to elucidate if administration of two probiotic strains isolated from human milk to preterm infants led to their presence in feces. In addition, the evolution of a wide spectrum of immunological compounds, including the inflammatory biomarker calprotectin, in both blood and fecal samples was also assessed. For this purpose, five preterm infants received two daily doses (~10(9) CFU) of a 1:1 mixture of Bifidobacterium breve PS12929 and Lactobacillus salivarius PS12934. Bacterial growth was detected by culture-dependent techniques in all the fecal samples. The phylum Firmicutes dominated in nearly all fecal samples while L. salivarius PS12934 was detected in all the infants at numerous sample collection points and B. breve PS12929 appeared in five fecal samples. Finally, a noticeable decrease in the fecal calprotectin levels was observed along time.

  18. Probiotic Streptococcus thermophilus FP4 and Bifidobacterium breve BR03 Supplementation Attenuates Performance and Range-of-Motion Decrements Following Muscle Damaging Exercise

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ralf Jäger

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available Probiotics have immunomodulatory effects. However, little is known about the potential benefit of probiotics on the inflammation subsequent to strenuous exercise. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled, crossover design separated by a 21-day washout, 15 healthy resistance-trained men ingested an encapsulated probiotic Streptococcus (S. thermophilus FP4 and Bifidobacterium (B. breve BR03 at 5 bn live cells (AFU concentration each, or a placebo, daily for 3 weeks prior to muscle-damaging exercise (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02520583. Isometric strength, muscle soreness, range of motion and girth, and blood interleukin-6 (IL-6 and creatine kinase (CK concentrations were measured from pre- to 72 h post-exercise. Statistical analysis was via mixed models and magnitude-based inference to the standardized difference. Probiotic supplementation resulted in an overall decrease in circulating IL-6, which was sustained to 48 h post-exercise. In addition, probiotic supplementation likely enhanced isometric average peak torque production at 24 to 72 h into the recovery period following exercise (probiotic–placebo point effect ±90% CI: 24 h, 11% ± 7%; 48 h, 12% ± 18%; 72 h, 8% ± 8%. Probiotics also likely moderately increased resting arm angle at 24 h (2.4% ± 2.0% and 48 h (1.9% ± 1.9% following exercise, but effects on soreness and flexed arm angle and CK were unclear. These data suggest that dietary supplementation with probiotic strains S. thermophilus FP4 and B. breve BR03 attenuates performance decrements and muscle tension in the days following muscle-damaging exercise.

  19. Probiotic Streptococcus thermophilus FP4 and Bifidobacterium breve BR03 Supplementation Attenuates Performance and Range-of-Motion Decrements Following Muscle Damaging Exercise.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jäger, Ralf; Purpura, Martin; Stone, Jason D; Turner, Stephanie M; Anzalone, Anthony J; Eimerbrink, Micah J; Pane, Marco; Amoruso, Angela; Rowlands, David S; Oliver, Jonathan M

    2016-10-14

    Probiotics have immunomodulatory effects. However, little is known about the potential benefit of probiotics on the inflammation subsequent to strenuous exercise. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled, crossover design separated by a 21-day washout, 15 healthy resistance-trained men ingested an encapsulated probiotic Streptococcus ( S. ) thermophilus FP4 and Bifidobacterium ( B. ) breve BR03 at 5 bn live cells (AFU) concentration each, or a placebo, daily for 3 weeks prior to muscle-damaging exercise (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02520583). Isometric strength, muscle soreness, range of motion and girth, and blood interleukin-6 (IL-6) and creatine kinase (CK) concentrations were measured from pre- to 72 h post-exercise. Statistical analysis was via mixed models and magnitude-based inference to the standardized difference. Probiotic supplementation resulted in an overall decrease in circulating IL-6, which was sustained to 48 h post-exercise. In addition, probiotic supplementation likely enhanced isometric average peak torque production at 24 to 72 h into the recovery period following exercise (probiotic-placebo point effect ±90% CI: 24 h, 11% ± 7%; 48 h, 12% ± 18%; 72 h, 8% ± 8%). Probiotics also likely moderately increased resting arm angle at 24 h (2.4% ± 2.0%) and 48 h (1.9% ± 1.9%) following exercise, but effects on soreness and flexed arm angle and CK were unclear. These data suggest that dietary supplementation with probiotic strains S. thermophilus FP4 and B. breve BR03 attenuates performance decrements and muscle tension in the days following muscle-damaging exercise.

  20. Evolução do DSM quanto ao critério categorial de diagnóstico para o distúrbio da personalidade antissocial

    OpenAIRE

    Alvarenga,Marco Antônio Silva; Flores-Mendoza,Carmen E.; Gontijo,Daniel Foschetti

    2009-01-01

    OBJETIVO: Realizar um breve percurso sobre o desenvolvimento conceitual de um dos construtos psicológicos de maior evidência nos dias atuais, a saber: o transtorno de personalidade antissocial (TPAS). Especificamente, esse percurso se realiza no sistema categórico proposto pela Associação Americana de Psiquiatria (APA), o Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Distúrbios Mentais (DSM). MÉTODO: Utilizou-se a revisão literária sobre a evolução e a avaliação do construto associada a pesquisas empír...

  1. Camus

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eduardo Carranza

    1960-01-01

    Full Text Available Cuando yo era niño, dice don Eugenio D'Ors en alguna de sus breves y profundas glosas, tenía a menudo este sueño: el balcón de mi casa no daba sobre un jardín, o calle, o campo, o serranía. Daba sobre el vacío. A veces un vacío con niebla. Yo me asomaba a él sobrecogido, como si me asomara al final del mundo. Cuando esto había soñado la inquietud me duraba todo el día.

  2. Ensayo y humanismo

    OpenAIRE

    Weinberg, Liliana

    2014-01-01

    En el siguiente artículo se presenta una reflexión sobre las relaciones entre ensayo, humanismo y humanidades. Se procura caracterizar cada uno de estos términos a partir de una breve revisión de su etimología y su historia, así como también reparar en el estrecho vínculo que los une. Se detiene en particular en la figura de Miguel de Montaigne, ensayista y humanista, cuyo legado se considera de enorme actualidad. Se propone meditar sobre los alcances de la declaración de buena fe con que se ...

  3. Práticas de empoderamento feminino na América Latina*

    OpenAIRE

    Saldanha Marinho, Paloma Abelin; Gonçalves, Hebe Signorini

    2016-01-01

    Desde una breve presentación sobre los debates que sustentan el concepto de empoderamiento y de la inserción del término en la perspectiva de los estudios de género, el artículo presenta una revisión bibliográfica sobre las prácticas del empoderamiento femenino, realizadas y registradas en Latinoamérica entre los años 2000 y 2012. Los ejes de análisis encontrados en las prácticas fueron empoderamiento con base en la renta femenina, prácticas originadas en la cotidianidad de las mujeres y las ...

  4. Revision de materiales y recursos utilizados en educación infantil en el idioma inglés durante el periodo del practicum

    OpenAIRE

    Navarro Ansón, María

    2013-01-01

    Éste es un Trabajo de Fin de Grado en el cual se desarrolla una revisión bibliográfica sobre los materiales y recursos utilizados en Educación Infantil en la enseñanza del inglés. Además, hay aportaciones propias de la autora, tras su experiencia en el Practicum y los conocimientos adquiridos durante la realización del Grado. En el trabajo se hace una breve reseña sobre la importancia de la enseñanza de un segundo idioma extranjero en Educación Infantil. Además, se analizan los diferentes ...

  5. Elaboración de una guía del uso del material didáctico para proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el área de matemáticas para niños con discapacidad visual incluidos en el segundo año de Educación Básica

    OpenAIRE

    Calderón Sánchez, Rosalba Mariluz; Vega Sánchez, Alcivar Alejandro

    2011-01-01

    El presente trabajo contempla un breve análisis de la Discapacidad Visual, un estudio teórico sobre la inclusión educativa y una relación de la enseñanza de las matemáticas en los niños con discapacidad visual. También podemos encontrar dentro de los contenidos la enseñanza de las matemáticas cómo utilizar la Reforma Curricular en lo que se refiere al aprendizaje-enseñanza de las personas con discapacidad. Igualmente con el diagnóstico encontrado sobre las necesidades en la adaptación d...

  6. Revisión del concepto de calidad del servicio y sus modelos de medición

    OpenAIRE

    Edison Jair Duque Oliva

    2005-01-01

    En este trabajo se revisan las diferentes conceptualizaciones sobre el servicio y los modelos más reconocidos para la evaluación de la percepción de la calidad del servicio aparecidos en los últimos años. Se ofrece una breve descripción de dichos modelos, sus características más significativas, sus objetivos y sus diferencias. Los estudios sobre la evolución histórica de la gestión, la calidad y el marketing de servicios, ya enfocados en la evaluación de la calidad del servicio, se agru...

  7. La cultura del consumismo: de la oikos aristotélica al homo oeconomicus de la posmodernidad.

    OpenAIRE

    Vázquez Larrea, Iñaki

    2010-01-01

    El presente ensayo se presenta como un breve recorrido por la Historia del pensamiento Económico. Desde el clásico“homo oeconómicus” aristotélico hasta la génesis del ethos capitalista, que según Max Weber definiría a la Modernidad. Ello nos serviría como punto de partida para reflexionar sobre la naturaleza de la sociedad postindustrial de consumo, y, a su vez, sobre lo que la supuesta crisis del espirítu capitalista weberiano implica en la definición sociológica del “homo oeconómicus” ...

  8. Evaluación del desempeño: acercamiento de la investigación educativa a los docentes

    OpenAIRE

    Gallardo Córdova, Katherina Edith; Valenzuela González, Jaime Ricardo

    2014-01-01

    1. Introducción; 2. Objetivo de la investigación; 3. Referentes conceptuales; 4. Marco contextual; 4.1 Algunas características del estado de Tabasco; 4.2 Una breve descripción del Sistema Educativo Mexicano (SEM); 5. Metodología; 5.1 Primera etapa: El diseño de los instrumentos; 5.2 Segunda etapa: Aplicación de los instrumentos en una muestra a gran escala; 6. Resultados; 6.1 Sobre los niveles de desempeño académico; 6.2 Sobre los procesos de evaluación del aprendizaje; 7. Discusión de result...

  9. A modalidade de educação a distância (sem distância) na unisinos : um novo conceito para inovação?

    OpenAIRE

    Schlemmer, Eliane; Garrido, Susane; Caleffi, Paula

    2006-01-01

    Esse artigo apresenta um breve relato sobre a Educação à distância no contexto da Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos - UNISINOS e discute o conceito de inovação no âmbito do paradigma da complexidade, na Sociedade em Rede ao analisar as transformações sociais e as novas formas de pensamento oriundas das mudanças dos meios tecnológicos. Assim, faz um convite à reflexão sobre o que constitui inovação nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem, na gestão e na estrutura organizacional, estabele...

  10. Principios, objetivos e instrumentos de la educación superior universitaria en el Perú, para la convergencia europea

    OpenAIRE

    Chiyon Carrasco, Isabel del Rosario; Palma Lama, Francisco Martin; Cazorla Montero, Adolfo

    2011-01-01

    El presente documento hace un recorrido sobre la situación de la Educación Superior Universitaria en el Perú y un breve recorrido por los principales documentos europeos que se ocupan del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior, destacando los principios sobre los que se apoya, así como los objetivos estratégicos que plantea y los instrumentos para su consecución, con la finalidad de la adaptación de nuestra gestión de la educación superior universitaria en el Perú al Espacio Europeo de Ed...

  11. Oportunidades para las exportaciones del café colombiano como consecuencia del TLC con Corea del Sur, caso COLCAFE S.A.

    OpenAIRE

    Bertel Pérez, Gina Marcela

    2014-01-01

    La presente investigación busca estudiar el impacto sobre las exportaciones de café colombiano a Corea del Sur, luego de firmado el Tratado de Libre Comercio entre ambos países, ello analizado a través de la actividad comercial de la empresa COLCAFE S.A.S. -- Se parte entonces de una breve reseña histórica que busca concientizar al lector sobre la importancia real que tiene el café en la economía y la cultura colombiana, dado que es la forma de sustento de muchas familias, como queda demostra...

  12. Expansión de los suelos arcillosos parcialmente saturados. Segunda parte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lisandro Berltrán Moreno

    1995-07-01

    Full Text Available En la segunda parte del artículo se hará una breve descripción de los factores que influyen sobre la expansividad de los suelos arcillosos, y se indicaran las soluciones más adecuadas para evitar los problemas causados por la expansión de los suelos arcillosos, cuando sobre ellos se construyen estructuras livianas. EI artículo fue presentado en el Primer Encuentro Nacional de Ingenieros de Suelos y de Estructuras, evento que se realizó en Santafé de Bogotá entre el4 y el 6 de Septiembre de 1991.

  13. Considerações sobre a aprendizagem da performance musical

    OpenAIRE

    Cerqueira,Daniel Lemos; Zorzal,Ricieri Carlini; Ávila,Guilherme Augusto de

    2012-01-01

    Este artigo oferece uma proposta para fundamentação da prática musical de instrumentos e canto, enfatizando procedimentos de estudo, baseando-se principalmente na Teoria da Aprendizagem Pianística de José Alberto Kaplan. Paralelamente, foi realizada uma breve releitura crítica da história do ensino de instrumentos musicais e métodos para educação musical, em diálogo com áreas afins à Performance Musical, entre elas Psicologia Cognitiva, Neurociência e Educação Física.

  14. BREVES CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A TEORIA PURA DE HANS KELSEN

    OpenAIRE

    Siqueira, Dirceu Pereira; Instituição Toledo de Ensino; Botelho, Marcos César; Instituição Toledo de Ensino

    2012-01-01

    O presente artigo visa discutir os principais aspectos da teoria pura de Hans Kelsen, tratando, especificamente, de dois pontos fundamentais de sua teoria, a saber, a estática jurídica e a dinâmica jurídica, objetivando fornecer um delineamento geral do modelo proposto pelo mestre de Viena.

  15. Breve reseña histórica sobre tisiocirugía

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    Bárbaro Agustín Armas Pérez

    Full Text Available La tuberculosis o "peste blanca" fue un azote mundial, comparable hoy día con el síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida, al que se asocia, pues "nunca enfermo alguno sufrió tanto ni fue tan despreciado". El 24 de marzo de 1882 Robert Koch mostró el bacilo que causaba la tisis o consunción, y desde entonces esa fecha se reconoce como el Día Mundial contra la Tuberculosis. Se presenta una revisión del tema ante el LIV Aniversario del Hospital "Amalia Simoni", inicialmente antituberculoso. El objetivo secundario es homenajear a todos sus trabajadores, en especial a los fundadores. Se describen los tipos de tratamiento quirúrgico utilizados a través del tiempo, desde la cavernotomía hasta las resecciones pulmonares. Muchas técnicas y principios modernos de la cirugía torácica se desarrollaron a partir de la tisiocirugía.

  16. Aplicação do scrum no desenvolvimento da proposta de trabalho do Projeto Rondon na visão de um rondonista universitário

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    Eliel Sousa Santos

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo consiste em um breve estudo sobre a metodologia de gerenciamento de projetos Scrum, suas práticas e aplicações, e um breve relato sobre o desenvolvimento da proposta de trabalho do Projeto Rondon dentro da Faculdade de Tecnologia de Jundiaí – Deputado Ary Fossen. Observou-se a necessidade de implantar uma metodologia de gerenciamento de projetos, que abordasse aspectos logísticos, organizacionais e cronológicos atrelados às etapas de seu desenvolvimento. Desta forma, os processos foram expostos e mostraram de que forma a implantação da metodologia de gerenciamento de projetos ágeis Scrum foi implementada, seu desenvolvimento e dificuldades enfrentadas. O objetivo de utilizar essa metodologia está na busca de tornar os processos mais iterativos e eficientes, o que também contribui para que esta proposta apresente melhor qualidade nos seus resultados. Diante disso, foi possível concluir que esta é uma preocupação constante, pois a instituição não disponibilizava de muitas verbas, necessitando de um bom gerenciamento de ações para o seu sucesso na prática.

  17. Eficacia de la Terapia Psicoeducativa Motivacional Breve Dual (TPMB-D) en pacientes hospitalizados con trastorno por uso de sustancias y patología dual

    OpenAIRE

    Benito Delegido, Ana María

    2015-01-01

    El Hospital Provincial de Castellón adaptó la Terapia Psicoeducativa Motivacional Breve (efectiva en pacientes con trastorno por uso de sustancias (TUS) en Unidad de Desintoxicación Hospitalaria) para pacientes con patología dual (PD)(TPMB-D). Este estudio experimental doble ciego usó dos grupos aleatorios para evaluar la eficacia de la TPMB-D comparada con terapia ocupacional (TO) en pacientes hospitalizados con TUS y con PD. Completaron el estudio 163 pacientes, de los que el 68.7% prese...

  18. Breves consideraciones acerca de la importancia de los árboles de decisión en el análisis de carteras

    OpenAIRE

    Julio César Riascos Hermoza; Jesús Enrique Molina Muñoz

    2016-01-01

    La cada vez más estrecha relación entre las ciencias y/o disciplinas no es ajena a la relación derivada en los últimos 50 años entre las nanzas, la Econometría, la modelación estadística y los procesos de simulación computacional. El propósito de este artículo introductorio reside en exponer algunas breves consideraciones con respecto al potencial manejo de los árboles de decisión en la teoría nanciera y particularmente como complemento al diseño de los tradicionales árboles de rentabilidad. ...

  19. Prevalence of HCV infection and associated factors among illicit drug users in Breves, State of Pará, northern Brazil

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    Suzy Danielly Barbosa Pacheco

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Introduction: Illicit drug users (DUs are vulnerable to hepatitis C virus (HCV infection. The shared use of illicit drugs is the main method of HCV transmission. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Breves, in northern Brazil. We surveyed 187 DUs to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with HCV infection. Results: The prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies was 36.9%, and the prevalence of hepatitis C virus-ribonucleic acid (HCV-RNA was 31%. Hepatitis C virus infection was associated with tattoos, intravenous drug use, shared use of equipment for drug use, drug use for longer than 3 years, and daily drug use. Conclusions: Strategies for preventing and controlling HCV transmission should be implemented among DUs.

  20. VULTURES: EXEGESIS OF A SYMBOL

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    Maura Andreoni

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Depending on the different cultures and historical periods, vultures have been considered both impure or sacred. But, since they usually do not prey upon living animals, their symbolic dimension, associated to the idea of purification, is present in many myths, religions, burial praxis of ancient populations and remains in some religions today.In the ancient Mediterranean civilizations, they have been carved in some of the most ancient bas-reliefs of the history by stone age people; were sacred to Egyptians, who even took them as symbol of gods; in the classical times they were supposed to be all feminine and breed by parthenogenesis, and therefore appreciated by some early Christian authors, who came to comparing them even to the Virgin Mary; they have been studied and described by ancient scientists, naturalists, philosophers, playwrights; involved in many of the most enduring Greek and Roman myths and legends; many parts of their body were considered as a medicine or even a talisman for happiness; and they were so proverbial for Romans to become even one of the symbols of the founding of Rome itself.But they were also so fragile that perfumes, myrrh and pomegranates were supposed to be lethal for them ….

  1. Inferencias sobre Grafos

    OpenAIRE

    Sira M. Allende; Carlos N. Bouza

    2002-01-01

    El estudio de un juego puede ser modelado asumiendo que solo algunas partidas son observadas. Entonces el árbol del juego debe ser estimado utilizando información muestral. Similarmente ocurre al obtener información sobre el comportamiento de las decisiones tomadas por individuos muestreados sobre un árbol de decisión teórico. Al considerar una medida de probabilidad que caracterice el comportamiento de redes aleatorias se puede obtener un estimado del árbol asociado. Este problema es el anal...

  2. Physical Culture and information technology and communications

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Emilio Valladares Fuente

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available En esta editorial se realiza un breve comentario sobre los avances de las Ciencias de la Cultura física apoyados en el empleo de las TICs. Se mencionan algunas ventajas de esta influencia en el deporte y la Cultura Física, así como las insuficiencias que pueden existir sino se hace un correcto empleo de estos recursos tecnológicos.

  3. Effect of Gymnodinium breve toxin in the rat phrenic nerve diaphragm preparation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gallagher, J. P.; Shinnick-Gallagher, P.

    1980-01-01

    1 The effects of a crude fraction of Gymnodinium breve toxin (GBTX) were studied on the rat phrenic nerve diaphragm preparation. 2 Indirectly stimulated muscle contractions were more sensitive to blockade by increasing concentrations of GBTX (0.25 microgram/ml to 10 micrograms/ml) than direct muscle contractions. 3 GBTX increased miniature endplate potential (m.e.p.p.) frequency and depolarized the resting membrane potential of the muscle fibres at the endplate and in non-synaptic regions of muscle fibre. 4 A concentration-dependent biphasic effect on m.e.p.p. amplitude was evident. At lower concentrations m.e.p.p. amplitudes were depressed whereas at high concentrations they were increased. 5 GBTX blocked endplate potentials (e.p.ps) in concentrations (0.5 microgram/ml to 2 micrograms/ml) that did not block m.e.p.ps. 6 Muscle fibre action potentials recorded from cells held at control membrane potential by hyperpolarizing current were not altered by toxin treatment. No repetitive e.p.ps, or muscle action potentials were observed. 7 These data suggest that GBTX may block indirectly stimulated muscle contractions and e.p.ps by depolarizing the nerve terminal in a manner similar to the observed depolarization of the muscle fibre. The depolarization of the nerve terminal may be sufficient to inhibit transmitter release. PMID:7190451

  4. Mechanisms involved in alleviation of intestinal inflammation by bifidobacterium breve soluble factors.

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    Elise Heuvelin

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVES: Soluble factors released by Bifidobacterium breve C50 (Bb alleviate the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by immune cells, but their effect on intestinal epithelium remains elusive. To decipher the mechanisms accounting for the cross-talk between bacteria/soluble factors and intestinal epithelium, we measured the capacity of the bacteria, its conditioned medium (Bb-CM and other Gram(+ commensal bacteria to dampen inflammatory chemokine secretion. METHODS: TNFalpha-induced chemokine (CXCL8 secretion and alteration of NF-kappaB and AP-1 signalling pathways by Bb were studied by EMSA, confocal microscopy and western blotting. Anti-inflammatory capacity was also tested in vivo in a model of TNBS-induced colitis in mice. RESULTS: Bb and Bb-CM, but not other commensal bacteria, induced a time and dose-dependent inhibition of CXCL8 secretion by epithelial cells driven by both AP-1 and NF-kappaB transcription pathways and implying decreased phosphorylation of p38-MAPK and IkappaB-alpha molecules. In TNBS-induced colitis in mice, Bb-CM decreased the colitis score and inflammatory cytokine expression, an effect reproduced by dendritic cell conditioning with Bb-CM. CONCLUSIONS: Bb and secreted soluble factors contribute positively to intestinal homeostasis by attenuating chemokine production. The results indicate that Bb down regulate inflammation at the epithelial level by inhibiting phosphorylations involved in inflammatory processes and by protective conditioning of dendritic cells.

  5. Breve historia de la ventilación mecánica

    OpenAIRE

    Salas Segura, Donato A.

    2000-01-01

    Se dan unos adarmes sobre la historia del desarrollo de la ventilación mecánica asistida, una de las tecnologías médicas que más ha revolucionado el cuidado del paciente gravemente enfermo y que frecuentemente es ignorada en los textos y publicaciones de la historia de la medicina. UCR::Docencia::Salud::Facultad de Medicina::Escuela de Tecnologías en Salud

  6. A randomised controlled trial of the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve BBG-001 in preterm babies to prevent sepsis, necrotising enterocolitis and death: the Probiotics in Preterm infantS (PiPS) trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Costeloe, Kate; Bowler, Ursula; Brocklehurst, Peter; Hardy, Pollyanna; Heal, Paul; Juszczak, Edmund; King, Andy; Panton, Nicola; Stacey, Fiona; Whiley, Angela; Wilks, Mark; Millar, Michael R

    2016-08-01

    Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and late-onset sepsis remain important causes of death and morbidity in preterm babies. Probiotic administration might strengthen intestinal barrier function and provide protection; this is supported by published meta-analyses, but there is a lack of large well-designed trials. To test the use of the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve strain BBG-001 to prevent NEC, late-onset sepsis and death in preterm babies while monitoring probiotic colonisation of participants. Double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Recruitment was carried out in 24 hospitals, and the randomisation programme used a minimisation algorithm. Parents, clinicians and outcome assessors were blinded to the allocation. Babies born between 23 and 30 weeks' gestation and randomised within 48 hours of birth. Exclusions included life-threatening or any gastrointestinal malformation detected within 48 hours of birth and no realistic chance of survival. Active intervention: 1 ml of B. breve BBG-001 in one-eighth-strength infant formula Neocate(®) (Nutricia Ltd, Trowbridge, UK), (6.7 × 10(7) to 6.7 × 10(9) colony-forming units) per dose administered enterally. Placebo: 1 ml of one-eighth-strength infant formula Neocate. Started as soon as practicable and continued daily until 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. Primary outcomes were an episode of bloodstream infection, with any organism other than a skin commensal, in any baby between 72 hours and 46 weeks' postmenstrual age; an episode of NEC Bell stage ≥ 2 in any baby; and death before discharge from hospital. Secondary outcomes included stool colonisation with B. breve. In total, 654 babies were allocated to receive probiotic and 661 to receive placebo over 37 months from July 2010. Five babies were withdrawn; 650 babies from the probiotic group and 660 from the placebo group were included in the primary analysis. Baseline characteristics were well balanced. There was no evidence of benefit for the primary

  7. Las instituciones formativas del Trabajo Social en España

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    Trinidad Banda Gallego

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo hacemos un recorrido histórico por la creación y evolución de los estudios de Trabajo Social y de las escuelas donde se impartían, instituciones que fueron creadas por la Iglesia y otros organismos afines al régimen franquista. Haremos una breve incursión en el contexto de la España de la época en que tuvieron lugar los acontecimientos que se relatan. Veremos la importancia y trascendencia social que adquieren los estudios de Trabajo Social a partir de su reconocimiento oficial, así como su posterior inserción en el contexto universitario. Finalizamos con unas breves notas sobre la adaptación de los estudios al Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior.

  8. Sobre software libre

    OpenAIRE

    Matellán Olivera, Vicente; González Barahona, Jesús; Heras Quirós, Pedro de las; Robles Martínez, Gregorio

    2004-01-01

    220 p. "Sobre software libre" reune casi una treintena de ensayos sobre temas de candente actualidad relacionados con el software libre (del cual Linux es su ex- ponente más conocido). Los ensayos que el lector encontrará están divididos en bloques temáticos que van desde la propiedad intelectual o las cuestiones económicas y sociales de este modelo hasta su uso en la educación y las administraciones publicas, pasando por alguno que repasa la historia del software libre en l...

  9. Sensory characteristics and volatile composition of a cereal beverage fermented with Bifidobacterium breve NCIMB 702257.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Salmerón, Ivan; Rozada, Raquel; Thomas, Keith; Ortega-Rivas, Enrique; Pandiella, Severino S

    2014-04-01

    Most of the commercialized lactic acid fermented products are dairy-based. Hence, the development of non-dairy fermented products with probiotic properties draws significant attention within the functional foods industry. The microorganisms used in such products have complex enzyme systems through which they generate diverse metabolites (volatile and non-volatile) that provide significant flavour attributes of importance for fermented foods. The correlation of the volatile flavour compounds of a malt beverage fermented with a Bifidobacterium breve strain with its unique sensory characteristics was performed. The volatile composition analysis exposed the presence of 12 components. Eight of these flavour volatiles were produced through the metabolic activity of the bifidobacteria strain. Notably acetic acid, of reported sour flavour characteristics, exhibited the greatest intensity. Four components of considerable organoleptic characteristics were identified as Maillard-derived products, namely maltol, pyranone, 2 (5H)-furanmethanol and 3-furanmethanol. The sensory evaluation exhibited that the fermented cereal beverage had a sour flavour with mild sweet and malty notes. These results indicate that the volatile compounds identified can be appointed as significant flavour markers of the novel fermented cereal beverage.

  10. Contributo para a Revisão de Literatura sobre Produtividade no Âmbito da Economia EmpresarialContribution in the Review of the Literature on Productivity in the Scope of Business EconomicsContribución para la Revisión de la Literatura sobre Productividad en el Ámbito de la Economía Empresarial

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    TORRES, Miguel Matos

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available RESUMOCom o propósito de contribuir para a compreensão do conceito de produtividade empresarial e da utilidade da sua gestão, procede-se a uma revisão da literatura sobre produtividade economia empresarial, com especial ênfase na evolução do conceito deste indicador e nos moldes adoptados na sua medida. Excluem-se da análise outras perspectivas comuns no tratamento do tema, como seja a óptica da engenharia. A observação de características comuns entre os estudos analisados permitiu arrumá-los em três grupos, que, serviram de base à estrutura adoptada nesta investigação. Assim, o estudo divide-se em cinco secções. Depois da Introdução, a Secção 2, analisa estudos sobre produtividade empresarial publicados até ao início dos anos 80 do século passado, fase em que se procura clarificar o conceito de produtividade empresarial e a que, por isso, se atribui a denominação de fase do dever ser da produtividade. Na Secção 3 comentam-se estudos elaborados nas duas décadas seguintes, que, vocacionados para a gestão da produtividade, tentam estabelecer formas alternativas de cálculo e medição da produtividade empresarial. Na Secção 4 faz-se referência a estudos empíricos que dão a conhecer a produtividade de factum. Em geral, estes estudos mais recentes são desenvolvidos por equipas de investigadores pertencentes a diferentes centros ou países e tratam grandes volumes de dados, recorrendo a modernos recursos informáticos e a métodos estatísticos que permitem testar os resultados obtidos. Termina-se, na Secção 5, com conclusões breves acerca de aspectos observados na evolução da literatura sobre produtividade empresarial, observando-se ter havido uma mudança na perspectiva adoptada nos estudos sobre produtividade empresarial.ABSTRACT This paper discusses the concept of productivity of the firm and its evolution, as well as the techniques that may be used to manage and measure it. The three-fold structure

  11. Breve estudio comparativo de los modernos medios de transporte terrestre

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    de Andrés Conde, M. Carmen

    1974-04-01

    Full Text Available Interurban Planning Section General Division of Highways and Subsidiary Roads In this study a series of data regarding the modern means of transport, available at present, are being compiled and compared in order to facilitate the choice of the most suitable one for each case. In order to understand better the various using conditions we have listed the most prominent known characteristics of each of them in alphabetical order in the definitions. With some of these characteristics as a point of departure, such as speed and capacity we have obtained criteria as to the application field of every means of transport.En este estudio se recopilan y comparan una serie de datos actualmente disponibles sobre modernos medios de transporte terrestre, con objeto de facilitar la elección del más adecuado en cada caso. Para ayudar a la comprensión de sus condiciones de explotación, se han resumido en las definiciones las características conocidas más destacadas de cada uno de ellos, ordenándolos por orden alfabético. A partir de algunas de estas características de explotación, como velocidad y capacidad, se han obtenido criterios sobre el campo de aplicación de cada medio de transporte.

  12. Tributos sobre a folha ou sobre o faturamento? Efeitos quantitativos para o Brasil

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    Tiago V Cavalcanti

    2008-09-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo estuda os impactos alocativos e de bem-estar de uma reforma tributária que substitui os impostos sobre a folha de salários por outro que incide sobre a receita. Para isso, desenvolve-se um modelo neoclássico de crescimento econômico com impostos sobre a receita e sobre a folha de salários. As simulações com parâmetros da economia brasileira mostram que tal reforma tributária tem um efeito negativo no bem-estar, no estoque de capital de longo prazo e consequentemente no produto per capita de longo prazo. Contudo, o emprego aumenta.This paper studies the impacts of a tax reform which substitutes taxes on labor income by taxes on total revenue. In order to accomplish that, we construct and solve a general equilibrium neoclassical growth model with taxes on labor income and total revenue. The numerical simulations with Brazilian parameters show that such tax reforms would negatively affect welfare, the capital stock, and consequently per capita output. However, employment would increase. Such effects are quantitatively important.

  13. Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manuel Alcides Jofré

    2006-01-01

    This organic definition is essential to the narrative discourse under analysis, in which are perceived structural oppositions between light and dark, harmony and disharmony, nature and marginality, interior and exterior. Finally, a classification is essayed from the viewpoint of an internal organization through a typology, all of which carries the exegesis to a diachronic and historical proposal, in this way bringing into study the notions of exegesis, promotion, tendency and trend, characteristics of the construction of the literary history in the superrealist period.

  14. A synbiotic mixture of scGOS/lcFOS and Bifidobacterium breve M-16V increases faecal Bifidobacterium in healthy young children.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kosuwon, P; Lao-Araya, M; Uthaisangsook, S; Lay, C; Bindels, J; Knol, J; Chatchatee, P

    2018-04-10

    Little is known about the impact of nutrition on toddler gut microbiota. The plasticity of the toddler gut microbiota indicates that nutritional modulation beyond infancy could potentially impact its maturation. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of consuming Young Child Formula (YCF) supplemented with short chain galactooligosaccharides and long chain fructooligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS, ratio 9:1) and Bifidobacterium breve M-16V on the development of the faecal microbiota in healthy toddlers. A cohort of 129 Thai children aged 1-3 years were included in a randomised controlled clinical study. The children were assigned to receive either YCF with 0.95 g/100 ml of scGOS/lcFOS and 1.8×10 7 cfu/g of B. breve M-16V (Active-YCF) or Control-YCF for 12 weeks. The composition and metabolic activity of the faecal microbiota, and the level of secretory immunoglobulin A were determined in the stool samples. The consumption of Active-YCF increased the proportion of Bifidobacterium (mean 27.3% at baseline to 33.3%, at week 12, P=0.012) with a difference in change from baseline at week 12 between the Active and Control of 7.48% (P=0.030). The consumption of Active-YCF was accompanied with a more acidic intestinal milieu compared to the Control-YCF. The pH value decreased statistically significantly in the Active-YCF group from a median of 7.05 at baseline to 6.79 at week 12 (Pbreve M-16V positively influences the development of the faecal microbiota in healthy toddlers by supporting higher levels of Bifidobacterium. The synbiotic supplementation is also accompanied with a more acidic intestinal milieu and softer stools.

  15. A transferência nos atendimentos breves de orientação psicanalítica/The short on transfer of oriented psychotherapy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriela Gomes Costardi

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Esse trabalho tem como objetivo discutir a especificidade da transferência em psicoterapia breve. A metodologia utilizada é um estudo de caso. A relação de reciprocidade estabelecida inicialmente pela dupla terapêutica demarcou o espaço psicoterápico como um lugar de ‘palavra vazia’ e o cliente só pôde falar do que lhe fazia sofrer quando a estagiária saiu do lugar de sujeito que ocupava na relação. Esse deslocamento teve um efeito terapêutico para o cliente, que se fez marcar pela subtração da palavra. "Quem fala perde"(sic. Perder este lugar-sintoma foi o efeito resultante deste tratamento. Conclui-se que a proposta dos atendimentos breves de orientação psicanalítica opera a partir da sustentação do cliente enquanto sujeito do tratamento. This paper aims to discuss the specificity of transference in short-term psychotherapy. The methodology used is a case study. The reciprocity relationship established at first by the therapeutic pair determined the psychotherapeutic space as a place for an “empty word”; the patient was only able to talk about the source of his suffering when the intern stepped out of her role as the subject she had been playing in the relationship. That move had a therapeutic effect on the patient, marked by the subtraction of the word - “the one who speaks loses”. Losing that place/symptom was the resulting effect of the treatment. The conclusion herein is that the proposal of short-term psychoanalytical treatments operates from the establishment of the patient as the subject in the treatment.

  16. AN APPROACH TO THE HISTORICAL MEANINGIN PSALM 125 (126 IN THE WRITINGS OF AUGUSTINE AND HIS PREDECESSORS

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    S. A. STEPANTSOV

    2007-05-01

    Full Text Available This article deals with an aspect of Augustine’s exegesis of Psalm 125. It raises the ques-tion of whether it can be assumed that Psalm 125 refers precisely to the historical event of thereturn of the Jews from the Exile. The paper traces a correlation between Augustine’s exegesisof this Psalm and an earlier Latin tradition of Psalm exegesis, mainly, that of St. Hilary ofPoitiers. Augustine, as well as St. Hilary, draws an analogy between the return of the Jews fromthe Exile and the conversion to God through Christ. The latter is being pictured as the liber-ation from the captivity to sin granted to us through the Redemption. Therefore, Augustine’sexegesis, unlike that of St. Hilary, does not deny (not does it emphasize a correlation betweenthe literal meaning of this Psalm and the Exile. The paper points to Tyconius’Sixth Rule(De Recapitulatione as another possible source of such exegesis

  17. Um Breve Panorama das Relações entre Política e Religião no Contexto do Estado Moderno

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    Marco Aurélio Lagreca Casamasso

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available O artigo objetiva proporcionar, a partir da perspectiva do pensamento político moderno, um breve panorama do modelo de relação que se estabelece entre a política e a religião no contexto do Estado Moderno. Destaca-se a hegemonia do poder estatal no âmbito da sociedade política e, em particular, sua supremacia em face da religião e dos atores religiosos. Apresenta-se um relato sucinto da problemática político-religiosa no pensamento de Maquiavel, Hobbes, Spinoza, Locke, Montesquieu e Rousseau.

  18. Investigación educativa reciente sobre México

    OpenAIRE

    Núñez-DelaPeña, Francisco J.; Mejía-Arauz, Rebeca

    1985-01-01

    Se presenta una muestra de la investigación educativa sobre México: 22 disertaciones doctorales aceptadas en universidades norteamericanas entre 1982 y 1984. Dos estudios conciernen a la teoría del capital humano; cinco tratan diversos aspectos relacionados con la administración educativa; uno es sobre la televisión; otro sobre las habilidades fonéticas de los niños; uno más es sobre profesionalización de los médicos; cuatro tocan aspectos de política educativa; tres tratan sobre los maestros...

  19. Reflexões sobre a trajetória do ensino de línguas estrangeiras no Brasil

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    Vera Lucia Harabagi HANNA

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Apresenta-se um breve histórico da educação brasileira e, ao traçar um panora­ma do desenvolvimento do ensino de línguas estrangeiras modernas, recupera-se uma ‘me­mória’ do ensino de idiomas no período.

  20. Projeto e implementação de uma unidade de controle de potência para o satélite universitário ITASAT.

    OpenAIRE

    Claudinei de Jesus Donato

    2007-01-01

    Com o início do projeto do satélite universitário ITASAT tornaram-se necessárias pesquisas sobre os diversos subsistemas que compõem um satélite, entre elas a área de suprimento de energia. Esta dissertação procura apresentar um estudo sobre unidades de controle de potência utilizadas no suprimento de energia de satélites que têm a energia solar, através da conversão fotovoltaica, como fonte de energia. Após uma breve revisão dos subsistemas e da história dos satélites, são apresentadas e ana...

  1. A importância da leitura nas séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental I

    OpenAIRE

    Marinéa Figueira Rodrigues; Sheila Alves Diniz Ferreira

    2016-01-01

    O presente estudo objetivou investigar a importância da leitura nas Séries Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, ressaltando a relevância dessa temática como condição essencial para a formação de leitores proficientes. A partir de um breve relato sobre a gênese da Leitura e sua evolução, elaborou-se uma análise minuciosa sobre sua origem desde a Antiguidade até a ampliação de seu conceito no mundo contemporâneo. Dentro deste contexto, destacam-se também a relevância da leitura no contexto escolar, ...

  2. Da esperança a crise : a experiencia das politicas regionais no Nordeste

    OpenAIRE

    Fernanda Ferrario de Carvalho

    2001-01-01

    Resumo:Este trabalho faz uma análise da experiência das políticas regionais no Nordeste do Brasil (através de seus planos, programas e propostas), nos últimos 40 anos, e de seus desdobramentos sobre a economia e a sociedade nordestinas. A partir de uma breve retrospectiva sobre a ocupação do espaço econômico nordestino, analisa-se o processo de articulação com o mercado nacional e a ascensão do capital industrial, até a emergência da problemática regional no País, que culmina com a criação da...

  3. Globalização e violência doméstica

    OpenAIRE

    Portugal, Sílvia

    2000-01-01

    O artigo apresenta algumas notas de reflexão suscitadas por uma breve incursão na bibliografia existente sobre as questões da violência na família e no espaço doméstico. Pretende-se equacionar alguns aspectos importantes para uma análise da dimensão e das características deste tipo de violência e definir linhas de análise sobre o papel das políticas públicas no seu tratamento. Defende-se que a visibilidade da violência doméstica e a definição de estratégias para o seu enfrentamento passam cad...

  4. Detección de cavitación en turbina Francis

    OpenAIRE

    Pedro Ayuso, Jorge-Mauro de

    2004-01-01

    En el presente proyecto se pretenden aplicar y validar diversas técnicas de detección de cavitación, prestando especial atención a los fenómenos de cavitación erosiva, pues son estos los que mayor impacto pueden tener –en términos de reducción de la vida útil- sobre las turbinas hidráulicas. Tras una introducción teórica sobre el fenómeno de la cavitación en turbinas hidráulicas, se hace un breve recorrido por el estado del arte. A continuación, se presentan una serie de med...

  5. Cuatro niveles de conocimiento en relación a la ciencia. Una propuesta taxonómica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Armando Ulises Cerón Martínez

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Sin pretender agotar todas las posibilidades taxonómicas sobre los tipos de conocimiento respecto a la ciencia, se toma ésta como el eje que regule una propuesta de clasificación al plantear cuatro tipos de conocimiento: el acientífico, el precientífico, el científico y el metacientífico y llegar a una breve conclusión reflexiva sobre lo abordado. Más que una glosa descriptiva, el texto se propone como un esquema orientador que ayude a identificar las fuentes de conocimiento de las que se suele echar mano en tareas de iniciación a la ciencia.

  6. Dos trilhos aos palacetes: refletindo sobre o acervo arquitetônico da Av. Rio Branco, Santa Maria, RS

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    Maria Dinair Machado

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo propõe uma análise sobre a preservação e conservação do patrimônio cultural edificado no centro do município de Santa Maria, mais precisamente o patrimônio localizado na Avenida Rio Branco, na área central da cidade. O município possui sua história vinculada à ferrovia que se pode observar no patrimônio cultural edificado,  sua riqueza e diversidade, localizado no centro urbano. O nosso recorte espacial é focado na antiga Avenida Progresso, atual Avenida Rio Branco, eixo que ligava a estação férrea a Praça Saldanha Marinho e a Rua do Acampamento na área central. Para este trabalho foi  realizada  pesquisa  exploratória qualitativa, utilizando-se de observação por meio de registros fotográficos do centro histórico de Santa Maria, delimitando-se à  Avenida Rio Branco. No trabalho consta um breve histórico desta avenida, uma descrição dos prédios de valor histórico e as ações realizadas ao longo dos últimos anos. Nas conclusões, é proposta uma possibilidade de intervenção territorial a partir das necessidades como políticas públicas de preservação decorrentes do atual estado de abandono das edificações naquele local.

  7. Liderazgos guaraníes: breve revisión histórica y nuevas notas sobre la cuestión

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    Ana María Gorosito Kramer

    2006-08-01

    Full Text Available La interpretación propuesta por P. Clastres en su muy conocido artículo "Intercambio y poder: filosofía de la jefatura indígena" (En "La sociedad contra el Estado", acerca de la selección de los liderazgos indígenas en América del Sur -y especialmente en las Tierras Bajas Sudamericanas- intentó dar cuenta de una concepción de las jefaturas dinámica y fluida, cuyo fundamento respondía a las modalidades del intercambio y la redistribución. Sin embargo, el paulatino proceso de cooptación de líderes y manipulación de los mecanismos de selección de jefaturas, producto del avance de los frentes regionales y nacionales de expansión sobre áreas indígenas, ha operado y aún lo hace a través de su cristalización y congelamiento. Estos procesos exógenos de construcción de jefaturas apelan, sin embargo, a un supuesto respeto de la organización socio-política indígena, citando inclusive fuentes etnográficas para respaldar su accionar. Esta ponencia no se encamina a sumar una nueva revisión crítica del texto de Clastres, ya excesivamente analizado y puesto en cuestión, sino a una revisión de las intervenciones externas a la sociedad guaraní, considerando muy especialmente las que se han verificado en Misiones (Argentina desde 1960 a la actualidad.The interpretation proposed by P. Clastres in his very known article "Interchange and power: philosophy of the indigenous headquarters "(In the society against the State, about the selection of the indigenous leaderships in South America - specially in the South America Low lands - it tried to give account of a dynamic and fluid conception of headquarters, whose foundation responded to modalities of the interchange and redistribution. Nevertheless, the gradual process of cooptation of leaders and the manipulation of mechanisms of headquarters 's selection, product of the advance of regional and national fronts of extension on indigenous areas, has operated -and still does-, through his

  8. Transcriptional and functional characterization of genetic elements involved in galacto-oligosaccharide utilization by Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003

    Science.gov (United States)

    O'Connell Motherway, Mary; Kinsella, Michael; Fitzgerald, Gerald F; Sinderen, Douwe

    2013-01-01

    Several prebiotics, such as inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides and galacto-oligosaccharides, are widely used commercially in foods and there is convincing evidence, in particular for galacto-oligosaccharides, that prebiotics can modulate the microbiota and promote bifidobacterial growth in the intestinal tract of infants and adults. In this study we describe the identification and functional characterization of the genetic loci responsible for the transport and metabolism of purified galacto-oligosaccharides (PGOS) by Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. We further demonstrate that an extracellular endogalactanase specified by several B. breve strains, including B. breve UCC2003, is essential for partial degradation of PGOS components with a high degree of polymerization. These partially hydrolysed PGOS components are presumed to be transported into the bifidobacterial cell via various ABC transport systems and sugar permeases where they are further degraded to galactose and glucose monomers that feed into the bifid shunt. This work significantly advances our molecular understanding of bifidobacterial PGOS metabolism and its associated genetic machinery to utilize this prebiotic. PMID:23199239

  9. Luz, cámara, escuela

    OpenAIRE

    Rementería, María Mercedes

    2014-01-01

    En el siguiente trabajo de investigación se abordará la visión del cine sobre la escuela en Argentina y una breve exposición de las políticas educativas del período comprendido entre 1940 y 2006. El análisis está restringido al cine nacional y la educación escolar en Argentina. Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social

  10. El «saber artístico» de un antropólogo y el estudio de la cultura en el Perú: A propósito de una obra olvidada de José María Arguedas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Javier Rivera Andía

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Este breve texto intenta llamar la atención sobre ciertas preguntas en torno al carácter inédito que ha mantenido, por casi medio siglo, un archivo etnográfico acopiado por J. M. Arguedas. Entre ellas, nos preguntamos si tal condición estaría ligada a la forma en que Arguedas concebía el saber de la antropología.

  11. Central respiratory and circulatory effects of Gymnodinium breve toxin in anaesthetized cats

    Science.gov (United States)

    Borison, Herbert L.; Ellis, Sydney; McCarthy, Lawrence E.

    1980-01-01

    1 In cats anaesthetized with pentobarbitone, observations were made on respiration, spontaneous and evoked diaphragmatic electromyograms, blood pressure, heart rate, indirectly-induced contractions of the anterior tibialis muscle and nictitating membrane, and electrical excitability of the inspiratory centre in the medulla oblongata. 2 Gymnodinium breve toxin (GBTX) was administered intravenously, intra-arterially to the brain, and intracerebroventricularly. Physiological effects were recorded while alveolar PCO2 was controlled at a constant level except when changes in gas tension were made in order to measure CO2-ventilatory responsiveness. 3 Adequate doses of GBTX given intravenously by bolus injection elicited a non-tachyphylactic reflex response triad of apnoea, hypotension and bradycardia mediated by the vagus nerves independently of arterial baroreceptor and chemoreceptor innervation. 4 After vagotomy, additional amounts of GBTX (i.v.) resulted in apneustic breathing, hypertension and tachycardia. The cardiovascular effects were abolished by ganglionic blockade with hexamethonium. 5 Smaller doses of GBTX were required intra-arterially and intracerebroventricularly than by the intravenous route of injection to produce respiratory irregularity and cardiovascular hyperactivity. 6 Evoked motor responses, electrical excitability of the medulla oblongata and CO2-ventilatory responsiveness were largely spared even though GBTX caused marked disturbances in respiratory rhythmicity and cardiovascular functions. 7 It is concluded that GBTX acts reflexly on vagally innervated receptors to evoke a Bezold-Jarisch effect but that the toxin further acts centrally to cause irregular breathholding and hypertension with tachycardia, leading ultimately to respiratory and circulatory failure. PMID:7191740

  12. EFECTO DE LA INMERSIÓN DE SEMILLAS DE MAÍZ (Zea mays L. EN AGUA A 100 °C SOBRE LA GERMINACIÓN Y CRECIMIENTO DE PLÁNTULAS BAJO CONDICIONES DE LABORATORIO

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    Jesús Rafael Méndez-Natera

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo se realizó con la finalidad de determinar el efecto de la inmersión en agua (100 °C sobre la germinación de semillas y crecimiento de plántulas de tres cultivares de maíz bajo condiciones de laboratorio. El experimento se realizó en el Laboratorio de Semillas del Postgrado de Agricultura Tropical en Juanico, Maturín, Venezuela. El diseño estadístico utilizado fue el de bloques al azar con arreglo factorial (distribuido en cuatro bloques, un factor estuvo constituido por cinco tiempos de inmersión en agua a 100 °C (0, 2, 4, 6 y 8 segundos y el otro por tres cultivares de maíz (Cargill 633, Himeca 2003 y Criollo. El tiempo de inmersión en agua que causó mayor deterioro y reducción de la germinación en las semillas de maíz fue el de 8 segundos. En general, las variables evaluadas presentaron una disminución a medida que aumentaban los tiempos de inmersión en agua a 100 °C, aunque el efecto causado sobre las variables: altura de plántulas, número de hojas por plántulas y peso seco de la radícula de los cultivares Cargill 633 e Himeca 2003 fue leve. La inmersión de las semillas en agua caliente durante breves periodos de tiempo fue para determinar su calidad.

  13. Análisis sobre la factibilidad de implementar un producto de derivados sobre gas natural en Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    Dowd Aguirre, Jessica Alexandra; Tirado Naranjo, Lina María

    2012-01-01

    El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un análisis sobre la factibilidad de implementar un producto de derivados sobre gas natural en Colombia dado el desarrollo del sector y la importancia de este hidrocarburo como fuente alternativa de generación eléctrica. 73 p. Contenido parcial: Situación actual del mercado de gas natural colombiano -- Expectativas del mercado de gas natural colombiano -- Mercados de derivados sobre gas natural en Europa y Estados Unidos -- Mercado de gas natural ...

  14. Desarrollo de un Cuestionario Breve para la Medición del Comportamiento Arriesgado en Peatones Adolescentes/ Development of a Brief Questionnaire to Measure Risky Behavior in Adolescent Pedestrians/ Desenvolvimento de um Questionário Breve para a Medição do Comportamento Arriscado em Pedestres Adolescentes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    DAVID HERRERO-FERNÁNDEZ

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo del presente estudio fue la creación de un cuestionario autoinformado breve para valorar los comportamientos arriesgados en peatones. Para ello se contó con una muestra de 351 personas que completaron los 13 ítems iniciales del instrumento y que llevaron a cabo una tarea de percepción de riesgo a modo de medida de validez. El análisis factorial confirmatorio verificó el ajuste satisfactorio del modelo final de 8 ítems en un único factor, que alcanzó una consistencia interna satisfactoria (α=.75. Posteriormente los análisis evidenciaron la validez convergente y discriminante del cuestionario, con base en las correlaciones obtenidas con las medidas de percepción de riesgo administradas.

  15. Uma breve história do ópio e dos opióides Una historia breve del opio y de los opioides Opium and opioids: a brief history

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Danilo Freire Duarte

    2005-02-01

    Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Desde tempos imemoriais, o ópio e os seus derivados, além de exercerem ponderável influência sobre o comportamento dos seres humanos, têm sido empregados como sedativo e como analgésico. A partir do século XIX, com o isolamento dos alcalóides do ópio e as facilidades para o emprego dessas substâncias por via parenteral, houve aumento do interesse pelo uso criterioso dos opióides na área médica e da análise das conseqüências sociais de seu uso abusivo. Justifica-se, pelo exposto, uma revisão histórica do ópio e dos seus derivados. CONTEÚDO: A evolução dos conhecimentos sobre o ópio, produto natural extraído do Papaver somniferum, e sobre os opióides, substâncias naturais, semi-sintéticas e sintéticas extraídas do ópio, bem como as principais referências a essas substâncias desde a Antigüidade foram avaliadas. Foi enfatizado o progresso obtido a partir dos trabalhos de Setürner que resultaram no isolamento da morfina. As investigações conduzidas por outros autores na busca de substâncias sintéticas que apresentassem vantagens sobre os produtos naturais foram mencionadas. A importância da descoberta dos receptores opióides e de seus ligantes endógenos foi sublinhada. CONCLUSÕES: No alvorecer do terceiro milênio, a despeito das pesquisas realizadas com drogas analgésicas de outros grupos farmacológicos, os opióides continuam sendo os analgésicos mais potentes, embora sua eficácia seja contestada em certos tipos de dor. Os atuais conhecimentos de Farmacologia Clínica permitem selecionar o opióide a ser administrado, considerando a doença e as condições do paciente, na busca da melhor relação custo-benefício.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: Desde tiempos inmemoriales, el opio y sus derivados, junto con ejerceren ponderable influencia sobre el comportamiento de los seres humanos, han sido empleados como sedante y como analgésico. Desde el siglo XIX, con el aislamiento de los

  16. Una mirada a las competencias

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Germán Albeiro Castaño Duque

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available El concepto de competencias cobra cada vez más fuerza y se extiende cada vez más en diferentes ámbitos y niveles. El presente artículo efectúa un breve recorrido por algunos autores de renombre que han hablado sobre el tema, hace referencia a la necesidad que tiene la universidad de flexibilizar sus currículos para responder a las nuevas demandas de la sociedad del conocimiento y la globalización, de manera que favorezcan el perfil ocupacional de sus egresados mediante la formación en competencias y, además, da una muestra clara de cómo se está llevando a cabo este proceso en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia e indica, finalmente, un breve esbozo de cómo será la educación del futuro.

  17. Bifidobacterium breve alters immune function and ameliorates DSS-induced inflammation in weanling rats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Izumi, Hirohisa; Minegishi, Mario; Sato, Yohei; Shimizu, Takashi; Sekine, Kazunori; Takase, Mitsunori

    2015-10-01

    Bifidobacterium breve M-16V (M16V) is a probiotic bacterial strain with a long tradition of use in neonatal intensive care units in some countries. Previous study showed that the effects of M16V administration on gene expression were greater during the weaning period than in the neonatal period and were greater in the colon than in the small intestine and spleen, suggesting that M16V has anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we evaluated the effects of inflammation during the weaning period and the effects of M16V on normal and inflammatory conditions. From postnatal day (PD) 21 to 34, weanling rats were administered of 2.5 × 10(9) of M16V daily, and colitis was induced by administration of 2% dextran sulfate sodium from PD28 to 35. Colitis severity, immune function, and microbiota were investigated. Colitis caused a reduction in body weight gain, colon shortening, poor nutritional status, anemia, changes in blood and spleen lymphocyte populations, spleen T-cell malfunctions, and alterations in colon microbiota. M16V administration improved some but not all of the changes induced by colitis. M16V could suppress inflammation and, therefore, can be considered a safe strain to use not only during the neonatal period but also the weaning period.

  18. Fermented inulin hydrolysate by Bifidobacterium breve as cholesterol binder in functional food application

    Science.gov (United States)

    Melanie, Hakiki; Susilowati, Agustine; Maryati, Yati

    2017-01-01

    Inulin hydrolysate is a result of inulin hydrolysis by inulinase enzyme of Scopulariopsis sp.-CBS1 fungi isolated from dahlia tuber skin in the formation of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) as dietary fiber. Inulin hydrolysate fermented by Bifidobacterium breve has a potential as cholesterol binder in digestive system due to dietary fiber content in inulin. This study was conducted to evaluate the best cholesterol binding capacity by the variation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) culture concentration of 10%, 20% and 30% (v/v), respectively. Fermentation process were conducted with inulin hydrolysate concentration of 25% (w/v), skim milk 7,5% (w/v) and various LAB culture concentration at 40 °C for 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours. The results showed that the variation of LAB culture concentrations affect the cholesterol binding ability in fermented inulin hydrolysate. The fermentation process with 10% LAB culture concentration at 40°C for 48 hours resulted in the highest cholesterol binding capacity (CBC) of 13,69 mg/g at pH 7and 14,44 mg/g at pH 2 with composition of total acids of 0,787%, soluble dietary fiber of 0,396%, insoluble dietary fiber of 5,47%, total solids of 14,476%, total sugars of 472,484 mg/mL, reducing sugar of 92 mg/mL and total plate count (TPC) of 7,278 log CFU/mL, respectively.

  19. ENTRE LIBERDADE E REPRESENTATIVIDADE: BREVES CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A LEI N. 13.467/2017, A PROPOSTA DE AUTONOMIA DO NEGOCIADO SOBRE O LEGISLADO E O PAPEL DO JUDICIÁRIO NA ANÁLISE DOS ACORDOS E CONVENÇÕES COLETIVAS

    OpenAIRE

    Bento da Silva, Lays Caceres

    2017-01-01

    A recém-publicada Lei n. 13.467, de 13 de julho de 2017, também chamada de reforma trabalhista, tem por objetivo promover alterações na Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho (Decreto-Lei no 5.452/43) e na Lei no 6.019/74, que dispõe sobre o sistema de trabalho temporário. O referido texto, que promete maior adequação à realidade econômica brasileira e redução das matérias levadas ao judiciário, vem sofrendo críticas dos mais diversos setores, incluindo os sindicatos, o Ministéri...

  20. Trajetórias de jovens em situação de vulnerabilidade social: sobre a realidade juvenil, violência intersubjetiva e políticas para jovens em Porto Alegre - RS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos A. Gadea

    Full Text Available Resumo O artigo tem por objetivos introduzir algumas reflexões acerca do significado contemporâneo do termo juventude, bem como realizar ponderações importantes em torno ao binômio juventude-violência. Quer-se, igualmente, apresentar alguns dados relevantes para compreender a situação de vulnerabilidade concreta de jovens que residem em certos bairros da cidade de Porto Alegre, na medida em que permitem deduzir as fortes relações entre violência, educação e família. Por último, o interesse recai em realizar uma breve crítica dos três principais paradigmas sobre políticas para jovens (em torno ao trabalho, à educação e ao esporte que classicamente se têm implementado. No contexto dessas reflexões, sugere-se considerar de importância o desenvolvimento de uma “cultura digital” e seu coadjuvante “capital social” para a eventual formulação de uma “nova” política para jovens que vivem em situação de vulnerabilidade social em contextos urbanos.

  1. Inferencias sobre Grafos

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    Sira M. Allende

    2002-05-01

    Full Text Available El estudio de un juego puede ser modelado asumiendo que solo algunas partidas son observadas. Entonces el árbol del juego debe ser estimado utilizando información muestral. Similarmente ocurre al obtener información sobre el comportamiento de las decisiones tomadas por individuos muestreados sobre un árbol de decisión teórico. Al considerar una medida de probabilidad que caracterice el comportamiento de redes aleatorias se puede obtener un estimado del árbol asociado. Este problema es el analizado en este trabajo. Algunos resultados experimentales obtenidos usando Recocido Simulado ilustran el procedimiento. Su papel en el estudio de modelos económicos y de mercadeo es discutido.

  2. Realidad aumentada en fisiología: descarga y breves instrucciones del uso de la aplicación HP REVEAL (AURASMA) sobre marcadores de nivel 1 y 2 en la docencia

    OpenAIRE

    Domínguez Vías, Germán; Carrasco Viñuela, Manuel; González Forero, David; Portillo Pacheco, Federico Luís; Vallo de Castro, Jose Juan

    2018-01-01

    Diálogo (Script): - Hola a todos. Una vez descargada la aplicación Aurasma, ahora llamada HP Reveal, tendréis que pulsar la aplicación, app AURASMA, y buscar y darle a seguir al grupo fisiologiaUCA. A continuación, podréis probar en clase activando el escáner y enfocando sobre marcadores de realidad aumentada de nivel 1, como código, o al final de este video marcadores de nivel 2, como son las fotos. Os saldrán, como estáis viendo, animaciones que os ayudarán a ver y comprender conceptos ...

  3. PAÍS DE ORIGEM E ETNOCENTRISMO NA AVALIAÇÃO DA IMAGEM DE MARCA GLOBAL: UM ESTUDO SOBRE O MCDONALD’S

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    Vivian Iara Strehlau

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo consiste em analisar a influência que o país de origem e o etnocentrismo têm sobre a imagem da marca institucional da rede de fast-food McDonald‟s e, também, verificar se existem diferenças na imagem percebida em função de gênero, idade e classe socioeconômica. O trabalho principia com uma contextualização, seguida de breve revisão bibliográfica sobre marca global e país de origem para dar sustentação à pesquisa empírica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa do tipo survey, com uma amostra não probabilística e por conveniência com 275 pessoas realizada na cidade de São Paulo. O questionário foi construído com perguntas fechadas composto por levantamento de dados demográficos da amostra, assim como por três escalas: a primeira mede o efeito do país de origem (AYROSA, 2002, a segunda escala, denominada CETSCALE, mede o nível de etnocentrismo do consumidor (SHIMP; SHARMA, 1987, e a terceira avalia a imagem institucional de marca do McDonald‟s. Embora o nível de etnocentrismo do consumidor não interfira na imagem da marca estudada, o efeito do país de origem é útil para discriminar os respondentes em relação à imagem que têm do McDonald‟s: quanto pior é a avaliação dos Estados Unidos como país, pior é a imagem da empresa. Consumidores jovens, mulheres e pertencentes às classes socioeconômicas superiores apresentaram avaliações mais positivas em relação à marca estudada, assim como percepção mais positiva do país de origem da marca. Portanto, é verificada linearidade entre a avaliação dos Estados Unidos como país e a imagem do McDonald‟s.

  4. El declinar de la profecía en el siglo II: Notas para un ensayo

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    Sergio Zañartu

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available El autor presenta recientes estudios sobre el tema, como el de Aune. Introduce con Qumrán, Juan Bautista y Jesús, siendo este la Palabra definitiva de Dios. En su esbozo recorre diversas fuentes en el siguiente orden. Irrupción del Espíritu y Hch. La profecía en Corinto y en la Didache. Pablo y Pedro como profetas. Tradición apostólica, dichos de Jesús y exegesis carismática. No especiales problemas doctrinales en el profetismo. La profecía de Ap y su autoridad. Los himnos inspirados, como las Odas de Salomón. Ignacio de Antioquía y Policarpo. El desafío del montañismo y el discernimiento de la profecía. Orientado por este recorrido, el autor concluye presentando las principales razones del declinar profético.The author presents recent studies on the subject, such as that of Aune. He begins with Qumran, John the Baptist and Jesus, He being the definitive word of God. In his study, he goes through various sources in the following order. Emergence of the Spirit and Acts; the prophecy in Corinth and the Didache. Paul and Peter as prophets. Apostolic tradition, quotes of Jesus and charismatic exegesis. Non special doctrinal issues in the prophetism. The prophecy of the Revelation and its authority. The inspired hymns such as Solomon's Odes. Ignatius of Antioch and Polycarp. The challenge of Montanism and the discernment of the prophecy. Following this course, the author concludes by presenting the main reasons of the prophetic decline.

  5. Conocimientos sobre incontinencia urinaria en pacientes hospitalizados

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    Otto Guillen Lopez

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimientos sobre incontinencia urinaria (IU en pacientes hospitalizados. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal, descriptivo; se entrevistó una muestra por saturación de 325 pacientes hospitalizados de 30 años a más del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia (HNCH, Lima - Perú, utilizando un cuestionario de conocimientos sobre incontinencia, considerándose como adecuado conocimiento cuando había más de 50% de aciertos en él. Resultados: Solamente 35.7% tuvieron conocimiento adecuado sobre IU. Hasta 90% conocía acerca del éxito del tratamiento y posibilidad de curación de los pacientes incontinentes. Sin embargo, 75% consideraron erróneamente que la IU era consecuencia inevitable del envejecimiento, mientras menos de 50% de pacientes conocía el papel de ciertos medicamentos y ejercicios en la IU. Conclusiones: Se demostró un pobre conocimiento general sobre la IU, siendo necesaria una intervención de los profesionales de la salud en la educación de la población, sobre todo hospitalizada y con factores predisponentes para desarrollar IU, para así poder modificar las ideas erróneas que existen sobre el tema. (Rev Med Hered 2003; 14: 186-194.

  6. CONSTRUINDO A IDENTIDADE MESSIÂNICA DE JESUS UMA LEITURA SÓCIO-SEMIÓTICA DE MARCOS 1,1 - 3,35

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    Júlio Paulo Tavares Zabatiero

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo oferece uma discussão dos processos semióticos de construção da identidade messiânica de Jesus no Evangelho de Marcos, capítulos 1 a 3. Inicia com uma breve discussão sobre o conceito de identidade e os processos de construção identitária, e perspectiva semiótica. A seguir, discute-se a obra “Evangelho de Marcos” enquanto expressão significativa da construção da identidade de Jesus pelo autor e sua comunidade. Passa-se à análise semiótica do texto marcano. Três são as características marcantes da identidade messiânica de Jesus no Evangelho: a filialdade de Jesus e sua correspondente fidelidade ao Pai que o enviou; a solidariedade do Messias Jesus com as pessoas impuras e pecadoras e a oposição de Jesus à identidade legitimadora do Judaísmo de seu tempo. A conclusão aponta para as diferenças e pontos de contato entre a metodologia semiótica e a exegese histórico-crítica. ABSTRACT: This article offers a discussion about the semiotic processes of the messianic identity of Jesus Christ in the Gospel of Mark, chapters 1 to 3. It starts with a brief description of the concept of identity and the aspects of the semiotic methodology used in the article to analyze the procedures of the identity elaboration. After that, it comments on the significance of the “Gospel of Mark”, as literary work, in the historical processes of designing the messianic identity of Jesus. The central part of the article offers a semiotic analysis of the initial chapters of the Gospel. There are three characteristics that shape the messianic identity of Jesus in the gospel: his condition as son of God and its consequent loyalty to his Father; Jesus’ solidarity to the impure and sinful people of his time, and his opposition to the legitimating identity of contemporary Jewish religion. It concludes with some brief methodological remarks on differences and similarities between semiotics and historical critical exegesis.

  7. Sobre el hidrónimo Neilos: la raíz religiosa, simbólica y tangible de su significado

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    José Ramón AJA SÁNCHEZ

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: El presente trabajo pretende ser un breve compendio de documentos de muy diferente naturaleza y procedencia (estelas, papiros, narraciones literarias breves; egipcios, griegos y romanos que ayudan a comprender mejor el significado auténtico del hidrónimo Nilo. Evidencian el contraste con respecto al contexto terminológico, conceptual y simbólico relacionado con la denominación del río egipcio a lo largo del Egipto faraónico. Ese contraste es en algunos aspectos más profundo de lo que suele suponerse.ABSTRACT: This work presents a summary of documents of a diverse nature and provenance (stelae, papyri, short literary stories; Egyptian, Greek and Roman contributing to a better understanding of the true meaning of the hydronim Nile. These documents contrast with the lexical, conceptual and symbolic context related to the name of the Egyptian river during pharaonic times. This contrast is, on occasions, deeper than expected.

  8. Entrenamiento de fuerza para la salud

    OpenAIRE

    Ortiz Cervera, Vicente

    1996-01-01

    Este artículo describe de manera breve y clara los efectos del entrenamiento de fuerza sobre la salud, al mismo tiempo da pautas para la realización y programación de los entrenamientos de fuerza para la salud en distintas edades. Se muestran las diferentes variables del entrenamiento de la fuerza junto con ejemplos de entrenamientos, basándose en las pautas marcadas en la revisión bibliográfica descrita.

  9. Heridas abiertas. A propósito del temor al resurgimiento del terrorismo y las respuestas reflexivas y reparadoras de la sociedad

    OpenAIRE

    Luis Ernesto Fodale; Raúl Valdéz

    2011-01-01

    Se discuten los efectos del miedo en un nivel social, como impedimento para elaborar elpasado común, integrar el presente con la historia y resolver diferencias sobre la base del diálogo y el respeto por otras perspectivas. Breves referencias al surgimiento y forma de funcionamiento del grupo terrorista Sendero Luminoso, la correspondiente respuestacontrasubversiva del Estado e incidentes relacionados con el posible resurgimiento de dicho grupo en la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (...

  10. Introducción a Japón: historia

    OpenAIRE

    Pelegrín Solé, Ángeles

    2008-01-01

    Análisis del marco histórico de Japón, con una breve introducción sobre los orígenes del pueblo japonés y su cultura, la época aristocrática (Nara), la hegemonía samurai (Kamakura-Ashikaga), el periodo Tokugawa, y por último la apertura de Japón, la restauración Meiji y la aparición del Japón imperial.

  11. Cálculo termodinámico de los diagramas de fases

    OpenAIRE

    Pena, Pilar; Aza Pendas, Salvador de

    1980-01-01

    Partiendo del concepto de energía libre de Gibbs como criterio de equilibrio^e hace una breve introducción sobre las posibilidades de los métodos termodinámicos para el calculo de los diagramas de equilibrio de fases. A continuación se presentan varias aplicaciones concretas para la constmcción de diagramas binarios del tipo de solubilidad sólida completa y del tipo eutéctico.

  12. Breves anotações sobre o comércio eletrônico

    OpenAIRE

    Canella, Sérgio Eduardo; Universidade Estadual de Londrina; Lewis, Sandra Barbon; Universidade Estadual de Londrina

    2005-01-01

    O estudo verifica aspectos da concentração empresarial no comércio eletrônico. Para tanto, primeiramente, é realizada uma análise do papel das empresas no contexto global a partir do avanço tecnológico que é posto à disposição e da nova ordem mundial que lhe é apresentada. O fluxo instantâneo de informações, possibilitado pelo avanço da Internet e o alto grau de competitividade introduzido pela Globalização, levaram os agentes econômicos a buscar no comércio pela Internet uma nova perspectiva...

  13. Efectividad a corto plazo de las intervenciones breves realizadas en pacientes lesionados por accidente de tráfico con alcoholemia positiva Short-term effectiveness of brief interventions in alcohol-positive traffic casualties

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alicia Rodríguez-Martos

    2005-02-01

    Full Text Available Objetivos: Investigar la efectividad de las intervenciones breves para reducir el consumo de alcohol en los pacientes lesionados por accidente de tráfico con alcoholemia positiva. Métodos: Se cribó la presencia de alcohol en 948 lesionados en accidente de tráfico (el 97,6% de los elegibles de un universo de 1.106, con 126 (13,3% positivos. Se intervino en 85 individuos, aleatoriamente distribuidos en intervención mínima (consejo simple e intervención breve (intervención de tipo motivacional, y se programó un seguimiento telefónico a los 3, 6 y 12 meses. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados del seguimiento a los 3 meses. Resultados: A los 3 meses se ha seguido a 57 pacientes (67%. EL 73,7% ha reducido el consumo, porcentaje que fue mayor en el grupo intervención breve (p = 0,06; tamaño del efecto, 0,5 y en los incluidos en la categoría de los bebedores de riesgo (p Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of brief interventions to reduce alcohol intake in traffic casualties with a positive blood alcohol concentration. Methods: Nine hundred forty-eight eligible casualties (97.6% of eligible casualties within a universe of 1106 were screened for alcohol and 126 (13.3% were identified as positive. Interventions were performed in 85, randomly allocated to a minimal intervention (simple advice or a brief intervention (motivational intervention. Telephone follow-up was scheduled for months 3, 6 and 12. The present study reports the results of follow-up at month 3. Results: Fifty-seven patients (67% were followed up at month 3. A total of 73.7% had reduced their alcohol intake and this percentage was greater in the group who underwent the brief intervention (p = 0.06; effect size 0.5 and among heavy drinkers (p < 0.05. Conclusions: The data indicate the effectiveness of the brief intervention, although the sample size does not allow definitive conclusions to be drawn.

  14. Voluntariado e Trabalho Intelectual: Um Diálogo com as Refugiadas Sírias na Turquia; Voluntariado y Trabajo Intelectual: Un Diálogo con las Refugiadas Sirias en Turquía; Volunteering and Intellectual Work: A Dialogue with Syrian Refugees in Turkey

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriela Cavalheiro Cavalheiro

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Resumo: Depois de alguns meses em contato direto com refugiadas sírias na Turquia, este ensaio pretende resumir, de forma breve e objetiva, alguns pensamentos ou conclusões – temporários ou não – sobre estes meses de convívio e trabalho conjunto. Escrito sob a perspectiva de uma acadêmica versada nas teorias de gênero e na crítica feminista, nele coloco em diálogo algumas reflexões teóricas e práticas sobre os efeitos e o impacto do trabalho intelectual na prática do cotidiano. Palavras-chaves: Voluntariado, Gênero, Militância, Academia, Teoria.   Resumen: Después de algunos meses en contacto directo con refugiadas sirias en Turquía, este ensayo pretende resumir, de forma breve y objetiva, algunos pensamientos o conclusiones-temporales o no- sobre estos meses de convivencia y trabajo conjunto. Escrito bajo la perspectiva de una académica versada en las teorías de género y en la crítica feminista, en él coloco en diálogo algunas reflexiones teóricas y prácticas sobre los efectos y el impacto del trabajo intelectual en la práctica de lo cotidiano. Palabras clave: Voluntariado, Género, Militancia, Academia, Teoría.   Abstract: This essay is a short response to my experience in the field, working with Syrian refugees in Turkey. My aim is to put together, in a rather informative way, theory and practice within gender studies feminist criticism in how gender policies actually target women in conflict contexts. More than a record of experiences in the field, this essay is an intellectual exercise and a space for contemplation. Keywords: Humanitarianism, Gender, Militancy, Academia, Theory.

  15. Empatia e Transcendência: Reflexões sobre o Sistema Filosófico de Quine

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    Vera Vidal

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to show some of my contributions to the exegesis of Quine’s philosophy, emphasizing the role played by notions such as empathy and transcendence in his philosophical system. I hold that Quine is a rigorous systematic philosopher, and that in order to understand each one of his theses and critiques we need to analyze them within the totality of his philosophical investigations. I believe that his system derives from what we call his epistemological project and that all his philosophical theses are founded in his theory of language learning. I also maintain that Quine’s philosophy shows a very strong pragmatic aspect more closely related to Wittgenstein’s tradition and that one of speech acts theorists than to the Skinnerian tradition with which Quine is often associated. In addition I believe that the overall position of his theses has been presented in Word and Object, and that all his subsequent works served to clarify or complement his ideas, not to change them. Thus, I do not agree with those who argue that Quine changed his philosophical position in the course of time.

  16. Jorge Santayana y sus vínculos humanos en Avila. Breve recopilación epistolar

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    Pedro GARCÍA MARTÍN

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available Es, hasta cierto punto, conocida la vinculación abulense de Santayana. Se sabe que aquí pasó su infancia a partir de los dos años; se conocen también, en etapas posteriores, sus frecuentes escapadas veraniegas para ver a su padre primero y a sus hermanas después, especialmente a su hermana Susana que aquí casó y proporcionó finalmente al filósofo una verdadera familia hasta el final de sus días. Poco se ha profundizado, sin embargo, sobre el alcance real de esta influyente vinculación y sobre la cualidad particular de este sustrato abulense.

  17. A verdade como um problema epistemológico

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    Geilson Fernandes de Oliveira

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available O presente ensaio é fruto das discussões realizadas durante a disciplina de mestrado Epistemologia das Ciências Sociais e Humanas. Aqui, objetivamos discutir sobre a verdade como um problema epistemológico. Assim, a partir do conceitual teórico utilizado durante a disciplina, entre os quais destacamos Michel Foucault, Norbert Elias, Friedrich Nietzsche e Pierre Bourdieu, tecemos considerações sobre as concepções de verdade no pensamento social contemporâneo, bem como no que diz respeito as rupturas que favoreceram a emergência de seu estado corrente – concepção da verdade como produção social e histórica. Consonante a esta discussão, realizamos ainda uma breve discussão sobre as relações de poder e saber que favorecem a constituição da verdade.

  18. El control de armas como estrategia de reducción de la violencia en Colombia: pertinencia, estado y desafíos

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    Katherine Aguirre

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Este documento tiene como objetivo realizar una exploración de los datos provenientes de diferentes fuentes sobre violencia relacionada con armas de fuego, con el fin de visibilizar el impacto que estas han tenido en la población colombiana durante las tres últimas décadas. Seguidamente se presenta una reseña de la dinámica reciente y el marco normativo sobre el cual se realiza el control de armas en el país, y un breve recuento de las estrategias implementadas. En la última sección se exponen los desafíos y debates planteados al respecto, incluyendo cómo el marco normativo existente impone trabas a la implementación de planes de desarme, sobre los cuales se han demostrado impactos positivos en la reducción de la violencia.

  19. Derechos humanos y criminología: un vínculo ignorado

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    Mario Arroyo Juárez

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo busca analizar algunas contradicciones presentes en el discurso de los derechos humanos, y cuestionar la visión cronológica generalmente aceptada, que lleva a algunos autores a suponer que existe sólo un discurso sobre los derechos humanos. La breve revisión sobre la génesis y el desarrollo histórico de dicho discurso tiene por objeto discutir una nueva tipologia que permita distinguir y estudiar los diferentes discursos sobre derechos humanos que hoy se utilizan. Una segunda intención es demostrar cómo la criminología y la victimología, con restricciones menores, son discursos que pueden aportar conceptos útiles para una mejor comprensión y explicación de lo que acontece en torno a los derechos humanos.

  20. La historia de la ciencia en la enseñanza de la célula

    OpenAIRE

    Laura Carrillo; Cristina Morales; Vania Pezoa; Johanna Camacho

    2012-01-01

    A través de este artículo se propone aportar ideas para sustentar la incorporación de la historia de la ciencia en la enseñanza de la biología. Para ello, se realiza una breve reconstrucción histórica y posteriormente, un análisis exploratorio sobre cuáles son los conceptos acerca de la célula que se incorporan en los libros de texto y sí éstos, tienen relación con cómo se construyó la teoría celular. Con esta propuesta se deja en evidencia que los libros de texto, sólo enseñan conceptos sobr...

  1. A evolução da Cooperação Técnica Internacional no Brasil / The evolution of international technical cooperation in Brazil

    OpenAIRE

    de Abreu, Fernando José Marroni; Ministério das Relações Exteriores, Brasil.

    2013-01-01

    O artigo apresenta a trajetória da cooperação internacional na política externa brasileira. Faz uma breve apresentação de sua evolução e de suas instituições. Apresenta reflexões sobre o vínculo entre a política externa brasileira e a cooperação técnica. Em seguida, concentra-se na cooperação sul-sul e no papel da Agência Brasileira de Cooperação em sua implementação; a cooperação técnica recebida pelo Brasil; assim como para a cooperação técnica triangular. O artigo fornece dados sobr...

  2. Perspectivas Futuras para o Observatório do Pico dos Dias

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bruch, Albert

    2004-02-01

    Com o Observatório Gemini plenamente operacional e o telescópio SOAR iniciando suas operações em breve, a astronomia observacional brasileira encontra-se no auge de uma transformação profunda que terá um impacto grave no Observatório do Pico dos Dias - OPD. Refletimos aqui sobre a natureza desse impacto e estratégias para manter a competitividade do OPD. Não queremos apresentar receitas prontas, mas idéias que poderão servir como base de discussão sobre o uso inteligente dos telescópios do OPD como parte do conjunto de instrumentos disponíveis à comunidade astronômica brasileira.

  3. Foucault and Homosexuality: From Power Relation to Practice of Freedom

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    Julia Sandra Bernal Crespo

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available A 30 años de su muerte, en este artículo pretendemos reivindicar la obra de Michel Foucault, en particular evidenciar las ventajas de su método, las formas a través de las cuales obtuvo sus resultados, sus opiniones y sus análisis críticos sobre la historia de la sexualidad en Occidente. Para ello realizamos una breve introducción a los aspectos biográficos de nuestro autor, con el fin de enlazar sus preocupaciones teóricas con sus preocupaciones existenciales. Posteriormente revisamos su método, su objetivo, sus resultados y sus propuestas en torno a la investigación sobre la sexualidad.

  4. Anomalia megadolicobasilar: a propósito de 5 casos diagnosticados angiograficamente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Walter C. Pereira

    1977-09-01

    Full Text Available Após breves considerações sobre a sintomatologia e etiopatogenia da megadolicobasilar, são apresentados 5 casos desta anomalia vascular. Concordando com a maioria dos trabalhos sobre o assunto, a idade dos doentes desta série situava-se entre a quarta e sexta décadas da vida, apresentando todos hipertensão arterial de longa duração e aterosclerose avançada; o quadro neurológico deste doentes mostrou-se variável, tendo em comum o fato de ter se iniciado abruptamente. O estudo angiográfico do sistema vértebro-basilar foi o exame que possibilitou o diagnóstico em todos os casos.

  5. A bacia hidrográfica como unidade fundamental de análise da paisagem: a Bacia do Pacuí e a sua relação com a Bacia do São Francisco

    OpenAIRE

    Maria Ivete Soares de Almeida

    2015-01-01

    Este artigo procura entender a bacia hidrográfica como unidade espacial e básica na análise do ambiente, ficando implícita a adoção da visão integrada da paisagem e do meio ambiente. Neste sentido, apresenta uma breve revisão teórica sobre a evolução dos estudos sobre as bacias hidrográficas. Esta discussão se faz necessária para o entendimento de como o conceito bacia hidrográfica tem sido trabalhado na geografia. A seguir é feita uma contextualização da paisagem da Bacia do Pacuí e a sua re...

  6. Relación de sueño y capacidad de aprendizaje en la población de 2 a 5 años en la localidad de Medina del Campo

    OpenAIRE

    Beltrán Estévez, Carolina

    2017-01-01

    El sueño es una necesidad vital de cualquier ser humano. El Trabajo de Fin de Grado que se expone a continuación trata sobre el sueño infantil, es decir los hábitos del sueño, y su relación con el rendimiento escolar. Se ha realizado un breve estudio sobre los hábitos del sueño de la población de 2 a 5 años en Medina del Campo (Valladolid) relacionándolo con la capacidad de aprendizaje de los niños en el aula. Se recomienda a las familias un protocolo de actuación para una mejor higiene de...

  7. Desenvolvimento de um sistema de monitorização de vibrações em equipamentos rotativos

    OpenAIRE

    Sibumbe, Madelina dos Anjos

    2017-01-01

    Pretende-se desenvolver um sistema de monitorização no âmbito das vibrações mecânicas para a deteção e correção de avarias em equipamentos rotativos. Neste trabalho faz-se uma breve introdução sobre a manutenção baseada na condição e processamento de dados, bem como sobre os tipos de avarias típicas e explica-se a relevância que este assunto tem para a indústria moderna. Para além disto, apresenta-se o desenvolvimento de um sistema de monitorização para deteção e diagnóstico de avarias em equ...

  8. Hacia una forma geométrica del procesamiento de la información lógica por medio de una computadora cuántica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manuel Ávila

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Hacemos una breve reseña de los orígenes de la computación cuántica e introducimos la noción de "qubit". Mencionamos algunos problemas relativos a la construcción de computadoras cuánticas y remarcamos que un problemas esencial es el de decoherencia. El enfoque geométrico para resolver ese problema se basa en variar los ángulos de inclinación de campos magnéticos aplicados sobre fotones que codifican qubits. Hemos querido hacer aquí un recuento de tipo histórico sobre el cómputo cuántico y por tanto las referencias remiten a documentos primarios en la literatura especializada.

  9. Discapacidad, Locura y Educación: A Propósito de un Caso de Segregación en la Universidad Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sebastian Ariel Rositto

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available In this paper, a brief historical overview is made according to lifestyles, standards and conceptions of disability over the ages. Next, we will examine regulations concerning disability in higher education. Finally, we will reflect on the National University of Rosario and its School of Law in terms of mental disability. En este trabajo primeramente haremos un breve recorrido histórico, por los modos de vida, las normas y las conceptualizaciones, acerca de la discapacidad, en cada una de las edades. Luego estudiaremos las normas sobre discapacidad y educación superior. Por último reflexionaremos sobre la Universidad Nacional de Rosario y su Facultad de Derecho, teniendo en cuenta a la discapacidad mental.

  10. DISERTACIÓN SOBRE JUSTICIA Y EQUIDAD

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sayuri P. Tamura M.

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available «Disertación sobre equidad y justicia» es básicamente una respuesta a una inquietud en particular que yo tenía sobre las distintas posiciones que existen sobre estos dos temas y cómo definir cuál es la más acertada. Hice una descripción del punto de vista de Amartya Sen –la violación de los derechos sobre la propiedad privada es justificable si evitan las hambrunas2– frente al de Robert Nozick –la propiedad privada es un derecho fundamental y como tal debe ser respetado3–, sin embargo, aunque ambos enfoques son totalmente contrarios tienen mucho sentido, por lo cual es bastante difícil decidirse por uno en particular. Fue de esta forma, enfrentando sus opiniones, que yo logré desarrollar una posición frente a estas dos perspectivas, y así dar mi opinión al DISERTACIÓN SOBRE JUSTICIA Y EQUIDAD SAYURI P. TAMURA M. Estudiante de Economía y Negocios Internacionales de la Universidad ICESI. respecto. Al final, llegué a una conclusión, que aunque no es la más original y tampoco es la única, tiene mucho sentido y seguramente de ser posible, la situación del país podría cambiar para bien.

  11. La Escala de Deseabilidad Social de Marlowe-Crowne: baremos para la población general española y desarrollo de una versión breve

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sara Gutiérrez

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Las adaptaciones españolas de la Escala de Deseabilidad Social de Marlowe-Crowne (M-C SDS han sido baremadas con estudiantes universitarios y adultos evaluados en contextos de selección/promoción laboral. Dada la influencia de la edad y el contexto en la M-C SDS, estos baremos no son apropiados para adultos voluntarios. Se presentan por primera vez datos normativos y de fiabilidad y una versión breve de la adaptación de la M-C SDS de Ávila Espada y Tomé Rodríguez obtenidos con adultos voluntarios españoles (N = 575. Los índices de consistencia interna de la M-C SDS fueron adecuados (alfa = .72-.80. Las diferencias estandarizadas en sus puntuaciones entre adultos voluntarios y estudiantes universitarios o adultos de selección/promoción alcanzaron tamaños del efecto medianos (d = 0.46 y 0.70, lo que justifica la creación de baremos específicos para adultos voluntarios. En dos submuestras independientes de adultos voluntarios, una versión de 18 ítems obtuvo índices de consistencia interna para sus ítems mejores que los de los 33 ítems de la escala completa y que no implicaba una pérdida significativa de fiabilidad (alfa = .72 y .80 ni de validez nomológica. Se ofrecen baremos globales y separados por grupos de edad para las versiones breve y completa de la M-C SDS.

  12. Na vida dez, na escola dez: breve discussão crítica acerca de pressupostos psicológicos e seus desdobramentos sobre a avaliação em Matemática escolar

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    Jorge Tarcísio da Rocha Falcão

    2010-05-01

    Full Text Available O presente artigo busca oferecer subsídios, oriundos da Psicologia, à discussão acerca da avaliação de competências cognitivas em Matemática. Os modelos atuais de avaliação escolar em geral, e avaliação matemática em particular, repousam, necessariamente, sobre concepções acerca de um sujeito humano fazendo Matemática. Tais concepções apóiam-se sobre modelos para o funcionamento cognitivo humano, em articulação com aspectos referentes à própria organização da Matemática, enquanto domínio de saber sócio-historicamente organizado e epistemologicamente circunscrito. Os modelos recentes fornecidos pela Psicologia da inteligência são aqui revistos, procurando-se evidenciar suas contribuições e limitações. Conclui-se, contudo, defendendo-se que nenhuma avaliação pode prescindir de tais modelos, mesmo que nenhum deles possa almejar a condição de definitivos, apresentando-se aqui pontos considerados cruciais para o delineamento de perfil de referência desejável de aprendiz de matemática, como referência para a avaliação da competência Matemática.

  13. De la Web tradicional a la Web semántica: cambios y aplicación al ámbito educativo

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    María del Carmen Llorente Cejudo

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available Ofrecemos al lector una breve aproximación a las transformaciones que ha sufrido en los últimos tiempos la Red y, en particular, la relevancia adquirida por algunos de sus elementos en la incorporación de los procesos formativos. Estos cambios implican conocer los componentes más característicos que nos han permitido dar el paso de la Web tradicional a lo que hoy conocemos como Web 2.0 o Web social, y la aplicación de las tecnologías que esta última nos ofrece en la enseñanza, sobre todo las redes sociales y los entornos personales de aprendizaje como recursos educativos. Finalizamos este artículo con unas breves referencias a las posibilidades didácticas que la Web semántica brinda para su integración en niveles de enseñanza superiores.

  14. BREVE ESTUDO DO ESTADO DA ARTE SOBRE ACIDENTE VASCULAR CEREBRAL E SERIOUS GAMES PARA APLICAÇAO NO PROJETO “AVC” DO NÚCLEO DE TECNOLOGIA ASSISTIVA DA UFS

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    Saulo Lordão Andrade Barros

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available O Acidente Vascular Cerebral é uma das principais causas de morte e de sequelas no mundo. A doença atinge cerca de 16 milhões de pessoas anualmente, dessas, seis milhões morrem. No Brasil, é a principal causa de morte e incapacidade, gerando impactos econômicos e sociais. O trabalho de recuperação desses pacientes é de suma importância para diminuir os impactos causados. Para isto, o presente artigo traz uma revisão da literatura existente sobre a doença e seu tratamento, com foco na utilização de novas tecnologias, como o uso de jogos eletrônicos sérios, a fim de aprimorar o trabalho de recuperação tanto no âmbito físico quanto no emocional.

  15. Las tablas, breves “diccionarios morales” en la edición de obras del XVII

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    Beatriz Gutiérrez Mueller

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available A mediados del siglo XVI, se inició la costumbre de agregar un índice, más comúnmente llamado tabla, colocado por lo común al final del volumen impreso como guía de lectura y que constaba de unos pocos folios sin numeración. Para mediados del XVII, sin embargo, las tablas se fueron convirtiendo en abultados resúmenes de lo que contenía un libro y, en algunos casos, en lo que podría denominarse “breves diccionarios morales”, como en el volumen V de las Obras completas de Juan de Palafox y Mendoza, de 1665. Si bien muchas fueron escuetas, hubo casos de tablas narrativas, como la que aparece en una obra de Juan Bautista Poza [1647]. En Arte de predicar la palabra de Dios [1667], incluso, se ofrece una manera de hacerlas. En este artículo podrá apreciarse que existía un criterio editorial moralizante en las prensas españolas del Barroco, a la hora de seleccionar qué contenidos debían indizarse, sin dejar de ser las tablas, como hasta nuestros días, un lugar útil que facilita la búsqueda de un tema.

  16. Somos un envase : Discursos sobre el aborto

    OpenAIRE

    Löcher, Jennifer Irene

    2014-01-01

    No hay persona que no tenga opinión acerca del asunto y, cada vez más, la sociedad argentina debate sobre la pregunta de si se debe legalizar/despenalizar el aborto o no. Nunca antes se habló tanto sobre el tema públicamente: se publican artículos en los diarios, hay manifestaciones a favor y hay manifestaciones en contra de la legalización del aborto. El siguiente trabajo pretende relevar y analizar discursos que circulan socialmente alrededor del debate sobre el aborto. (Párrafo extraíd...

  17. Old Testament exegesis: Reflections on methodology

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    p1243322

    1914:v). 2 Becker (2005:3) states as follows: “Die alttestamentliche Texte haben ein Alter von etwa. 2800 bis 2000 Jahren; sie stammen aus einer anderen kulturellen Welt; sie sind in einer fremden, völlig anders strukturierten Sprache geschrieben. Wer solche Texte verstehen will, muβ sie in unsere Sprach- und Denkwelt ...

  18. Fiebre hemorrágica del Ébola (Ebola Virus Disease)

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    2014-08-08

    Este podcast proporciona información general sobre la enfermedad del virus del Ébola y el brote en África Occidental. El programa contiene declaraciones del director de los CDC, Dr. Tom Frieden, así como una breve descripción de las actividades de respuesta de los CDC.  Created: 8/8/2014 by National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID).   Date Released: 8/18/2014.

  19. El papel de las redes en los procesos de migración interna

    OpenAIRE

    Recaño Valverde, Joaquín

    2002-01-01

    En estas líneas realizamos una presentación de los tres artículos que componen este dossier y una breve introducción sobre las redes migratorias. Una primera versión de estos textos fue expuesta en la sesión paralela: “Las redes migratorias en los procesos de migración interna” que organicé en el VI Congreso Internacional de la ADEH celebrado en Castelo-Branco en abril de 2001.

  20. El Senderismo como Dinamizador de la Competitividad del Destino Turístico: Un Análisis de las Oportunidades de la Ciudad de Pelotas, RS, Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Christina de Oliveira-Matos; Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Adriana Fumi Chim-Miki; Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Pino Medina-Brito; Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Adalberto dos Santos Junior; Universidade Federal de Pelotas

    2015-01-01

    Este artículo presenta una aplicación adaptada de los Determinantes de competitividad de mercado en una industria turística sostenible, de Hassan (2000), para evaluar el senderismo como una actividad que puede actuar sobre la competitividad de los destinos turísticos, generando beneficios ambientales, culturales, sociales, de salud y económicos.  Se realiza una breve revisión conceptual de la actividad, seguida de un análisis de los atribu...

  1. La trayectoria constitucional boliviana: entre transformación y desafío jurídico. El estado metodológico de la cuestión

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriel Vestri

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo intenta ofrecer una breve respuesta a los cambios ocurridos en Bolivia tras la aprobación de la Constitución de 2009. Para hacerlo es necesario indicar algunos elementos que identifican un verdadero cambio generacional que ha llevado a hablar de neoconstitucionalismo, y sobre todo, cómo el país ha abordado la cuestión de los pueblos indígenas y de sus sistemas de justicia.

  2. Transferência erótica: uma breve revisão Transferencia erótica: una breve revisión Erotic transference: a brief review

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    Luciano Rassier Isolan

    2005-08-01

    Full Text Available A transferência erótica é um processo relativamente comum, tanto na prática de psicoterapia de orientação analítica quanto de psicanálise. Apesar de, muitas vezes, trazer dificuldades no seu manejo, trata-se de um fenômeno que, se adequadamente compreendido e manejado, pode se transformar em uma ferramenta útil para o processo terapêutico. Neste trabalho será realizada uma revisão sobre o conceito de transferência erótica, ressaltando-se as suas dificuldades de manejo técnico, bem como o uso da contratransferência e a influência do gênero nessa situação.La transferencia erótica es un proceso relativamente común, tanto en la práctica de psicoterapia de orientación analítica como de psicoanálisis. A pesar de, muchas veces, traer dificultades en su manejo, se trata de un fenómeno que, si adecuadamente comprendido y manejado, puede transformarse en una herramienta útil al proceso terapéutico. En este trabajo, será realizada una revisión sobre el concepto de transferencia erótica, resaltándose sus dificultades de manejo técnico, así como el uso de la contratransferencia y la influencia del género en esa situación.Erotic transference is a relatively common process in psychotherapy and psychoanalysis. In spite of its difficult management, when appropriately understood and managed, erotic transference may become a useful tool in the therapeutic process. In this review, we will address the concept of erotic transference, with emphasis on the difficulties faced in the technical management of the process, as well as the use of countertransference and the influence of gender in this situation.

  3. Conceptos generales sobre aba en niños con trastorno del espectro autista

    OpenAIRE

    Piñeros Ortiz, Sandra Elizabeth; Toro Herrera, Sandra Milena

    2012-01-01

    Los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) son entidades que generan discapacidad. Diversas intervenciones psicofarmacológicas y psicosociales modulan algunas de las alteraciones comportamentales asociadas y mejoran la calidad de vida de las personas afectadas y de sus cuidadores. La terapia ABA es una de las intervenciones psicosociales más conocidas y utilizada en población con TEA. Mediante de la  formulación de preguntas clave y sus respuestas, este artículo realiza una breve descripción d...

  4. Los derechos de autor sobre obtenciones vegetales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosario Silva Gilli

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Contenido: Las creaciones en la agricultura. Los derechos de autor sobre obtenciones vegetales. El Convenio Internacional para la protección de las obtenciones vegetales (París 1961 y sus revisiones de Ginebra 1972, 1978,1991 Objeto de la protección legal. Condiciones del cultivar. Alcance de la protección. La protección de obtenciones vegetales en el Mercosur. Los Derechos de autor en el Mercosur. El Protocolo de Armonización de normas sobre Propiedad Intelectual en el Mercosur. El Acuerdo de Cooperación y facilitación sobre la protección de las obtenciones vegetales en los Estados Partes del Mercosur.  Alcance de la normativa Mercosur. Los Derechos sobre cultivares en Uruguay. Los Derechos de autor como derechos humanos. ¿Derechos de autor vs. derecho de propiedad intelectual? Reflexión final

  5. Um plano sobre o caos (reflexão acerca do evento A plan on chaos (a reflection on event

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    Ana Lúcia M. de Oliveira

    1995-02-01

    Full Text Available Inspirado no método das investigações wittgensteinianas, este ensaio parte de um breve estudo sobre a forma do fragmento para chegar a seu foco central: um questionamento da categoria de evento. Em síntese, intenta-se uma abordagem estética de um problema situado em um ponto de cruzamento entre a teoria da literatura, a história, a filosofia e até mesmo a ciência. A liga possível é sugerida por Deleuze e Guattari, em sua análise das três grandes formas de pensamento - a arte, a ciência e a filosofia - como diferentes maneiras de enfrentar o caos, traçando um plano secante que o atravessa. Como se trata de uma pesquisa ainda em curso, o que se pretende é o levantamento de questões básicas, apontando para os possíveis desdobramentos por vir.Inspired by Wittgensteinian philosophical investigation, this essay begins with an analysis of fragmentary form in order to reach the central point: a discussion on event as a category. Briefly, it seeks an aesthetic approach to a problem situated at the crossroads of literary theory, history, philosophy, and even science. A possible link is suggested by Deleuze and Guattari in their discussion of the three major trends of thought - art, science, and philosophy- as different ways of dealing with chaos, tracing a plan which traverses it. As a study still in progress, the essay is intended to raise basic questions to be developed further through future investigation.

  6. Ensaios sobre economia do empreendorismo

    OpenAIRE

    Gabrielito Rauter Menezes

    2015-01-01

    Esta tese é composta por três ensaios sobre Economia do Empreendedorismo. O primeiro deles trata sobre os determinantes do empreendedorismo no Brasil a partir de modelos de escolha ocupacional, usando os microdados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra por Domicílios (PNAD) do ano de 2012. A estratégia empírica adotada empregou os modelos de escolha discreta na estimação da escolha ocupacional. Os resultados demonstraram que existem efeitos significativos para as variáveis: anos de estudos iniciai...

  7. XII ASSEMBLEIA GERAL ORDINÁRIA DO SÍNODO DOS BISPOS SOBRE A PALAVRA DE DEUS

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    Johan Konings

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Em outubro de 2008 transcorreu em Roma a XII Assembleia Geral Ordin ária do Sínodo dos Bispos, o qual é uma instituição permanente criada pelo Concílio Vaticano II para manter o diálogo dos pastores-bispos das Igrejas particulares. Nesta Assembleia, dedicada à Palavra de Deus na vida e na missão da Igreja, foi retomada praticamente a Constituição Dogmática Dei Verbum do Vaticano II. Depois de apresentar o tema da Palavra de Deus, traçamos um breve histórico focalizando os inícios da Tradição cristã e os tempos modernos desde Leão XIII até hoje. Em seguida descrevemos a XII Assembleia Geral, especialmente a Relatio post Disceptationem e as Propositiones. Concluímos com uma reflexão teológicopastoral sobre a Revelação e a leitura bíblica, e sugestões para a prática. ABSTRACT: In October of 2008 the XII Ordinary General Assembly of the Sinod of Bishops took place in Rome. The Sinod of Bishops is a permanent institution created by the II Vatican Council in order to maintain the dialogue of pastorsbishops of the particular Churches. This Assembly, dedicated to the Word of God in the life and in the mission of the Church, basically treated again the Dogmatic Constitution Dei Verbum of the II Vatican Council. After presenting the theme of the Word of God, we outline a brief history focusing on the beginnings of the Christian Tradition and the modern epoch since Leo XIII until today. Next we describe the XII General Assembly, especially the Relatio post Disceptationem and the Propostiones. We conclude with a theological-pastoral reflection on Revelation and the reading of the bible, and some practical suggestions.

  8. Análise de Teoria de Resposta ao Item de um instrumento breve de avaliação de comportamentos antissociais = Item Response Theory Analysis of a brief instrument for assessing antisocial behaviors

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hauck Filho, Nelson

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Comportamentos antissociais são comuns a diversas condições psicopatológicas, incluindo transtornos da personalidade (e. g. , antissocial e narcisista e transtornos do humor (e. g. , transtorno bipolar. Todavia, até o momento, havia uma importante lacuna no contexto brasileiro no que diz respeito à avaliação breve dos comportamentos antissociais em indivíduos adultos de contextos não carcerários. Em virtude disso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo a construção e a análise mediante Teoria de Resposta ao Item de um instrumento breve para uso em pesquisas e rastreio junto à população geral adulta. As análises das respostas de 204 estudantes universitários (média de idades = 23,56 anos; DP = 7,70; 60,6% mulheres a um conjunto de itens permitiram reter 13 itens com excelentes propriedades psicométricas. Esses itens se mostraram avaliativos de um fator geral de antissocialidade, interpretável como uma propensão ao antagonismo, à não cooperação e à agressão em uma diversidade de contextos sociais. Limitações do estudo são discutidas ao final

  9. AN EMPIRIC STUDY ON THE STORE IMAGE DIMENSIONS IN THE RETAIL SHOE SECTOR UN ESTUDIO EMPÍRICO SOBRE LAS DIMENSIONES DE LA IMAGEN DE TIENDA EN EL SECTOR MINORISTA DE CALZADOS UM ESTUDO EMPÍRICO SOBRE AS DIMENSÕES DA IMAGEM DE LOJA NO VAREJO CALÇADISTA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tarsis Souza Silva

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Considering that the store image is an important marketing tool, which makes possible to identify the attributes with larger influence on  consumers' satisfaction, the objective of the present research was to identify the image that consumers possess of a shoe store. The focus is to present the image that consumers have a shoe store. The study begins with a brief discussion on the retail footwear, starting soon after, a review of store image and its components and measurement scales. Thus, an empiric research was accomplished, through a descriptive approach, with the application of structured questionnaires. The target population was defined as being the customers of a shoe store in the city of São Sebastião do Paraíso (MG, whose sample was constituted by 123 respondents. In the data analysis, the factorial analysis was applied to identify the store image dimensions.  As a result, seven factors of store image were obtained, that were nominated like this: assortment, convenience, reputation, price, atmosphere, layout and service. With this research’s results, it is believed that professionals and theoretical of the retail sector can better understand the role of the store image construct.Considerándose que la imagen de tienda  es una importante herramienta de  marketing que permite identificar los atributos que tienen una mayor influencia en la satisfacción de los consumidores, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue identificar la imagen que los consumidores poseen de una tienda de calzados. El énfasis esta dado en la presentación   de la imagen que los consumidores tienen de una zapatería. El estudio inicia con un breve abordaje sobre los minoristas del calzado; en seguida, presenta una revisión sobre imagen de tienda, sus componentes y escalas de mensuración. De esta forma, se realizó una investigación empírica, a través de un abordaje  descriptivo, con la aplicación de cuestionarios

  10. Validade e confiabilidade do Inventário de Atitudes frente à Dor Crônica (IAD-28 itens em lingua portuguesa Validez y confiabilidad del Inventario de Actitudes frente al Dolor Crónico (IAD-28 ítems en lengua portuguesa Validity and reliability of the Survey of Pain Attitudes (SOPA-28 items in the portuguese language

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cibele Andrucioli de Mattos Pimenta

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Trata-se da reavaliação da confiabilidade e validade do Inventário de Atitudes frente à Dor Crônica-versão breve, (IAD-breve com 183 pacientes com dor crônica não oncológica. O IAD-breve 28 itens avalia as crenças sobre dor crônica relacionadas ao controle, emoção, solicitude, cura médica, dano físico, incapacidade e medicação. A análise mostrou sete domínios e 28 itens. Houve diferenças na alocação de dois itens e, após análises, optou-se por retirá-los. Quatro domínios apresentaram valores de alfa de Cronbach considerados bons (entre 0,74 e 0,85 e em três, foram moderados (entre 0,58 e 0,65. O IAD-breve 28 itens em língua portuguesa é superior à primeira versão.Este estudio trata la reevaluación de la confiabilidad y validez del Inventario de Actitudes frente al Dolor Crónico-versión breve, (IAD-breve con 183 pacientes con dolor crónico no oncológico. El IAD-breve 28 ítems evalúa las creencias en el dolor crónico relacionadas al control, emoción, solicitud, cura médica, daño físico, incapacidad y medicación. El análisis resultó en siete dominios y 28 ítems. Hubo diferencias en la ubicación de dos ítems y, después de análisis, se decidió removerlos. Cuatro dominios presentaron valores de alfa de Cronbach considerados buenos (entre 0,74 y 0,85 y en tres, moderados (entre 0,58 y 0,65. El IAD-breve 28 ítems en lengua portuguesa es superior a la primera versión.This is the re-assessment of reliability and validity of Survey of Pain Attitudes-brief (SOPA-brief version, with 183 chronic non-cancer pain patients. The SOPA-brief assesses the chronic pain beliefs related to emotion, control, solicitude, medical cure, harm, disability and medication. The analysis showed seven domains and 28 items. There were differences in the allocation of two items and after analyses they were excluded. Four domains had good Cronbach's alpha values (between 0.74 and 0.85 and three had moderate (between 0.58 and 0

  11. A PROJEÇÃO IDENTITÁRIA NO "MURAL DE HISTÓRIAS" DE MAYSA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Guilherme Moreira Fernandes

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Neste artigo, fazemos uma breve reflexão sobre os mecanismos de projeção e formação identitárias presentes no espaço "Mural de Histórias", do portal da minissérie Maysa: quando fala o coração, exibida em 2009 pela TV Globo. A metodologia da análise de conteúdo nos permitiu categorizar as várias facetas da cantora comentadas pelos internautas. Utilizando os estudos de Aluizio Trinta sobre os mecanismos de projeção-identificação, pudemos inferir que parcela dos internautas se dispôs a refletir sobre a identidade deles. Também percebemos que as múltiplas plataformas criadas pela emissora permitem uma aproximação maior do público e um espaço para manifestações de alegrias e angústias.

  12. Procesos de integración en salud: una reflexión sobre los desafíos del MERCOSUR en salud Health integration processes: challenges for MERCOSUR in the health field

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    Delia M. Sánchez

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Se describen los antecedentes institucionales de integración en América Latina, tanto económica como en salud y se propone una sistematización de las posibles modalidades de integración en salud. Se identifican factores facilitadores e inhibidores del proceso de integración según cada modalidad y se discute su viabilidad en el presente contexto. Se presenta una breve descripción de la estructura y funcionamiento de las estructuras de salud del MERCOSUR (Reunión de Ministros y Subgrupo de Trabajo 11, así como el grado de avance alcanzado hasta el presente, reflexionando sobre las posibles causas del avance desigual en las diversas áreas.This paper describes the institutional background in Latin American integration in both the economy and health, and proposes a systematization of possible health integration modalities. Facilitating and inhibiting factors for integration according to each modality are identified, and their feasibility is discussed in the present context. The structure and functioning of MERCOSUR health structures (Ministerial Meeting and Sub-group 11 are briefly described, as well as the advances achieved to date, reflecting on the possible causes of uneven progress in different areas.

  13. Inleiding tot die sosiaal-wetenskaplike kritiese eksegese van Nuwe-Testamentiese tekste: Die metodologiese aanloop in die navorsingsgeskiedenis

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    Andries G. Van Aarde

    2007-05-01

    Full Text Available Introducing the social-scientific critical exegesis of New Testament texts: Methodological initiators in the research history The article is the first of a series of three that aim to introduce social-scientific exegesis of New Testament texts. Aspects of the social background of these writings are analyzed in light of the perspectives which underlie the dynamics of first-century Mediterranean social world. The article shows that social-scientific criticism of the New Testament represents an exegetical approach by means of which the rhetoric of texts is interpreted in light of their cultural environment and the social interaction that determines this context and semeiotic codes. The first article focuses on the initiators in the field of historical-critical exegesis who paved the way to social scientific criticism and explain key facets of the “new” exegetical approach. The second article explains some models and methods of social-scientific criticism. The third article discusses some advantages of social scientific criticism and poses a critique of the approach by reflecting on the positivism that could underlie the epistemology behind some interpretation models used in social scientific criticism. It concludes with an emphasis on cultural criticism as a hermeneutical challenge.

  14. Evaluación de la calidad asistencial en un servicio de salud mental a través de la percepción y evolución de pacientes con trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo

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    SANTIAGO BARAJAS MARTÍNEZ

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente estudio analiza la aplicación de un breve cuestionario, diseñado al efecto por el autor, con el objetivo de conocer la percepción de los pacientes con trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo sobre los siguientes aspectos: información sobre su trastorno, tipos de tratamiento recibidos, eficacia de los mismos, satisfacción con la atención recibida y evolución de los síntomas. Se analiza profundamente la eficacia diferencial de distintos tratamientos psicológicos en función de su orientación teórica. Finalmente, a la luz de los resultados obtenidos, se sugieren cambios para mejorar el tratamiento que reciben estos pacientes en los servicios públicos de salud mental.

  15. A perspectiva sistêmica para a Clínica da Família

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    Liana Fortunato Costa

    Full Text Available O presente texto tem por objetivo traçar uma breve trajetória teórica, conceitual, empírica e tecnológica do estudo da família na perspectiva sistêmica e apontar a consequente proposta de intervenções para a clínica da família. Apresentamos as diferentes Escolas de Terapia Familiar, desde aquelas fortemente influenciadas pela Cibernética até aquelas que assimilaram as contribuições do Construtivismo e do Construcionismo Social. A seguir, tecemos comentários sobre a pesquisa com família e os interesses dos pesquisadores da área em nosso país. Finalmente, apontamos nossa opinião sobre o direcionamento futuro da Terapia Familiar no Brasil.

  16. Identidad cultural un concepto que evoluciona

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    Olga Lucía Molano L.

    2007-11-01

    Full Text Available Molano aporta a la discusión sobre desarrollo territorial con identidad cultural, a través de un breve recorrido sobre la evolución de los conceptos de cultura, identidad y patrimonio. El tema es tratado desde varios aspectos: el económico, el humano y el patrimonial. El concepto de identidad cultural se comprende a través de las definiciones de cultura y de su evolución en el tiempo. A través de términos como cultura, patrimonio y su relación con el territorio se encontrará el de identidad territorial. Finalmente, Molano aborda la normatividad internacional que se aplica para diferentes tipos de patrimonio, en particular la desarrollada por la

  17. Estado e segurança alimentar: alcances e limitações de políticas públicas no Brasil

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    Hirai, Wanda Griep

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Este texto reúne alguns elementos para ampliar a compreensão em relação às recentes discussões sobre a temática da segurança alimentar, que se tornou um desafio mundial desde a Declaração de Roma, em 1996. Procura-se apresentar breves aspectos conceituais e históricos, bem como a construção do conceito que se amplia ao incorporar elementos, além da noção de abastecimento que lhe deu origem. Por fim, apresentam-se alguns dados da última PNAD (2004 sobre segurança alimentar no Brasil, os quais apontam o impacto da insegurança alimentar, cuja expressão mais severa é a fome.

  18. Manipulaci?n manual de cargas. Ecuaci?n NIOSH

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    Ruiz Ruiz, Laura

    2016-01-01

    Se hace una breve introducci?n sobre los or?genes del m?todo, sus principales limitaciones y se describe el procedimiento para su aplicaci?n al an?lisis de tareas que involucran levantamiento de pesos. Se explica la ecuaci?n con todas sus variables, la forma de medirlas y se dan algunas recomendaciones de mejora de acuerdo a los resultados de los par?metros evaluados. Por ?ltimo se calcula el ?ndice de levantamiento para valorar el riesgo de una actividad de levantamiento determinada.

  19. Los musicogramas y otros recursos visuales como recursos para la audición musical en educación infantil

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    Sanz Rubio, Laura

    2015-01-01

    Este trabajo indaga acerca del uso de musicogramas y otros recursos visuales y audiovisuales utilizados como soporte durante los procesos de escucha musical en la etapa de educación infantil. Para ello se ha realizado un breve estudio sobre el tema, y posteriormente una búsqueda y selección de los recursos disponibles en Internet. En este tipo de recursos los elementos visuales y audiovisuales sirven como apoyo para hacia la comprensión auditiva. Grado en Educación Infantil

  20. Fibroma uterino: diagnóstico y tratamiento con medicina natural y tradicional

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    Gricel Benítez Rodríguez

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó una comunicación breve sobre el tratamiento de las pacientes con fibroma uterino a partir de métodos propios de la medicina natural y tradicional, teniendo en cuenta que es un tumor benigno muy común en las intervenidas quirúrgicamente en los servicios de ginecología y cirugía general, con primacía en mujeres de 30 - 50 años, en quienes suelen utilizarse terapéuticas medicamentosas