WorldWideScience

Sample records for behav res ther

  1. Social anxiety and social norms in individualistic and collectivistic countries

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Schreier, S.S.; Heinrichs, N.; Alden, L.; Rapee, R.M.; Hofmann, S.G.; Chen, J.; Oh, K.Y.; Bogels, S.M.

    2010-01-01

    Background: Social anxiety is assumed to be related to cultural norms across countries. Heinrichs et al. [2006: Behav Res Ther 44:1187-1197] compared individualistic and collectivistic countries and found higher social anxiety and more positive attitudes toward socially avoidant behaviors in

  2. Conditioning experiences and phobias

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Merckelbach, H.; de Ruiter, C.; van den Hout, M.A.; Hoekstra, R.

    1989-01-01

    A retrospective study was conducted to examine the extent to which phobias are associated with a conditioning pathway to fear. The Phobic Origin Questionnaire (Öst and Hugdahl, Behav. Res. Ther. 19, 439-477, 1981) was administered to a sample of 91 phobic outpatients (patients with panic disorder

  3. Social anxiety and social norms in individualistic and collectivistic countries.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schreier, Sina-Simone; Heinrichs, Nina; Alden, Lynn; Rapee, Ronald M; Hofmann, Stefan G; Chen, Junwen; Oh, Kyung Ja; Bögels, Susan

    2010-12-01

    Social anxiety is assumed to be related to cultural norms across countries. Heinrichs et al. [2006: Behav Res Ther 44:1187-1197] compared individualistic and collectivistic countries and found higher social anxiety and more positive attitudes toward socially avoidant behaviors in collectivistic rather than in individualistic countries. However, the authors failed to include Latin American countries in the collectivistic group. To provide support for these earlier results within an extended sample of collectivistic countries, 478 undergraduate students from individualistic countries were compared with 388 undergraduate students from collectivistic countries (including East Asian and Latin American) via self-report of social anxiety and social vignettes assessing social norms. As expected, the results of Heinrichs et al. [2006: Behav Res Ther 44:1187-1197] were replicated for the individualistic and Asian countries, but not for Latin American countries. Latin American countries displayed the lowest social anxiety levels, whereas the collectivistic East Asian group displayed the highest. These findings indicate that while culture-mediated social norms affect social anxiety and might help to shed light on the etiology of social anxiety disorder, the dimension of individualism-collectivism may not fully capture the relevant norms. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

  4. Disease: H01502 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available LE ... Aspects of innate immunity in Sjogren's syndrome. ... JOURNAL ... Arthritis Res Ther 13:218 (2011) DOI:10... Sjogren's syndrome and other sicca syndromes. ... JOURNAL ... Arthritis Res Ther 13:

  5. Gravitational waves in Einstein-æther and generalized TeVeS theory after GW170817

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gong, Yungui; Hou, Shaoqi; Liang, Dicong; Papantonopoulos, Eleftherios

    2018-04-01

    In this work we discuss the polarization contents of Einstein-æther theory and the generalized tensor-vector-scalar (TeVeS) theory, as both theories have a normalized timelike vector field. We derive the linearized equations of motion around the flat spacetime background using the gauge-invariant variables to easily separate physical degrees of freedom. We find the plane wave solutions and identify the polarizations by examining the geodesic deviation equations. We find that there are five polarizations in Einstein-æther theory and six polarizations in the generalized TeVeS theory. In particular, the transverse breathing mode is mixed with the pure longitudinal mode. We also discuss the experimental tests of the extra polarizations in Einstein-æther theory using pulsar timing arrays combined with the gravitational-wave speed bound derived from the observations on GW 170817 and GRB 170817A. It turns out that it might be difficult to use pulsar timing arrays to distinguish different polarizations in Einstein-æther theory. The same speed bound also forces one of the propagating modes in the generalized TeVeS theory to travel much faster than the speed of light. Since the strong coupling problem does not exist in some parameter subspaces, the generalized TeVeS theory is excluded in these parameter subspaces.

  6. First record of Odontomesa Pagast from China, with description of the immature stages of O. ferringtoni Sæther (Diptera, Chironomidae, Prodiamesinae).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Wenbin; Ferrington, Leonard C Jr; Wang, Xinhua

    2016-06-28

    The genus Odontomesa Pagast is newly recorded from China. Based on associated material collected from China and U.S.A, the immature stages of Odontomesa fulva (Kieffer) and Odontomesa ferringtoni Sæther are redescribed. Odontomesa sp. A Sæther is confirmed as conspecific with O. ferringtoni. The generic diagnosis of immature stages is emended. Keys to the known larvae and pupae of the genus are presented.

  7. Intricate Resonant Raman Response in Anisotropic ReS2.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McCreary, Amber; Simpson, Jeffrey R; Wang, Yuanxi; Rhodes, Daniel; Fujisawa, Kazunori; Balicas, Luis; Dubey, Madan; Crespi, Vincent H; Terrones, Mauricio; Hight Walker, Angela R

    2017-10-11

    The strong in-plane anisotropy of rhenium disulfide (ReS 2 ) offers an additional physical parameter that can be tuned for advanced applications such as logic circuits, thin-film polarizers, and polarization-sensitive photodetectors. ReS 2 also presents advantages for optoelectronics, as it is both a direct-gap semiconductor for few-layer thicknesses (unlike MoS 2 or WS 2 ) and stable in air (unlike black phosphorus). Raman spectroscopy is one of the most powerful characterization techniques to nondestructively and sensitively probe the fundamental photophysics of a 2D material. Here, we perform a thorough study of the resonant Raman response of the 18 first-order phonons in ReS 2 at various layer thicknesses and crystal orientations. Remarkably, we discover that, as opposed to a general increase in intensity of all of the Raman modes at excitonic transitions, each of the 18 modes behave differently relative to each other as a function of laser excitation, layer thickness, and orientation in a manner that highlights the importance of electron-phonon coupling in ReS 2 . In addition, we correct an unrecognized error in the calculation of the optical interference enhancement of the Raman signal of transition metal dichalcogenides on SiO 2 /Si substrates that has propagated through various reports. For ReS 2 , this correction is critical to properly assessing the resonant Raman behavior. We also implemented a perturbation approach to calculate frequency-dependent Raman intensities based on first-principles and demonstrate that, despite the neglect of excitonic effects, useful trends in the Raman intensities of monolayer and bulk ReS 2 at different laser energies can be accurately captured. Finally, the phonon dispersion calculated from first-principles is used to address the possible origins of unexplained peaks observed in the Raman spectra, such as infrared-active modes, defects, and second-order processes.

  8. Dirac's æther in curved spacetime-II: the geometric amplification of the cosmic magnetic induction

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Carvalho

    2004-03-01

    Full Text Available We search for an amplification mechanism of the seed cosmic magnetic induction by studying a new version of the Dirac's æther in a curved cosmological background. We find that the variation of the scale factor R(t with cosmic time brings to the magnetic field the desired effect of amplification, that we call geometric amplification.Procuramos por um mecanismo de amplificação das sementes do campo de indução magnética cósmico através do estudo de uma nova versão do æ ther de Dirac em uma arena cosmológica curva. Encontramos uma amplificação que ocorre se o fator de escala R(t varia com o tempo cósmico, acarretando um efeito o qual chamamos de amplificação geométrica do campo magnético.

  9. Kantowski-Sachs Einstein-æther perfect fluid models

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Latta, Joey [Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3J5 (Canada); Leon, Genly [Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad de Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4950, Valparaíso (Chile); Paliathanasis, Andronikos, E-mail: lattaj@mathstat.dal.ca, E-mail: genly.leon@pucv.cl, E-mail: anpaliat@phys.uoa.gr [Instituto de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia (Chile)

    2016-11-01

    We investigate Kantowski-Sachs models in Einstein-æ ther theory with a perfect fluid source using the singularity analysis to prove the integrability of the field equations and dynamical system tools to study the evolution. We find an inflationary source at early times, and an inflationary sink at late times, for a wide region in the parameter space. The results by A.A. Coley, G. Leon, P. Sandin and J. Latta ( JCAP 12 (2015) 010), are then re-obtained as particular cases. Additionally, we select other values for the non-GR parameters which are consistent with current constraints, getting a very rich phenomenology. In particular, we find solutions with infinite shear, zero curvature, and infinite matter energy density in comparison with the Hubble scalar. We also have stiff-like future attractors, anisotropic late-time attractors, or both, in some special cases. Such results are developed analytically, and then verified by numerics. Finally, the physical interpretation of the new critical points is discussed.

  10. Pupils' reasons for learning and behaving and for not learning and behaving in English and maths lessons in a secondary school.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Norwich, B

    1999-12-01

    There is renewed interest in motivation and school learning, though there has been relatively little theory-linked research in English schools. In the first stage, to explore pupils' reasons for learning and behaving and for not learning and behaving in English, maths and other subjects. In the second stage, to examine differences in reasons across subjects, for learning and behaving and for not learning and behaving for boys and girls in two year groups in one secondary school. Stage 1, 16 pupils in years 7, 8 and 9 in two London secondary schools; Stage 2, 267 pupils in years 7 and 9 in one of these schools. Stage 1--semi-structured interviews were conducted to elicit different kinds of reasons conceptualised in terms of the Deci & Ryan's (1985) framework of self-determination. From these elicited reasons, an inventory 'Why I Learn' was designed. Stage 2--the inventory was administered to identify reasons for learning and behaving and for not learning and behaving in English and maths. Parent introjected reasons were the highest for learning and behaving while teacher introjected and intrinsic reasons were the lowest. Intrinsic reasons were highest for not learning and behaving. Year group differences in reason levels were more significant than gender or subject differences. Reasons for learning and behaving were more differentiated from each other than reasons for not learning and behaving. The results are discussed in terms of their significance for self-determination theory, research into the conditions promoting greater self-determination in school learning and further development of the inventory for programme evaluation.

  11. Farm Shop : Augmenter l'accès aux matières premières agricoles au ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Farm Shop est un modèle de franchise social novateur qui permet d'obtenir des matières premières d'excellente qualité à des prix abordables grâce à des économies d'échelle. Il forme également des franchisés et des agriculteurs sur la façon d'utiliser les matières premières. Au cours de ses trois premières années ...

  12. Res Publica v respublike / Roman Gornev

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Gornev, Roman

    2002-01-01

    Järg 29. november nr. 48 lk. 7. Res Publica - uue poliitika partei. Res Publica Ida-Virumaal, partei juhtfiguurid, Res Publica Kohtla-Järvel. Koalitsioonileping Keskerakonnaga viis konfliktini partei juhtkonnaga. Kohtla-Järve Res Publica kohaliku organisatsiooni konflikti partei juhtkonnaga kommenteerib Hants Hint

  13. Res Publica objedinjajetsja s Sojuzom Otetshestva

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2006-01-01

    Res Publica ja Isamaaliidu liitumisel tekib uus erakond - Eesti Eest!. Ida-Viru Isamaaliidu ja Res Publica esimeeste Hans Pindre, Vladislav Ponjatovski ning Narva Res Publica endise liidri Nikolai Golubevi arvamused

  14. Knowledge and practice on magnitude, diagnosis, treatment and ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    unhcc

    8Department of Medical Microbiology Immunology and Parasitology, College of ... Cirrhosis followed by hepatotoxic indigenous drugs and viral hepatitis were ... screening ,lack of skill to differentially diagnose HCC ...... Curr Stem Cell Res Ther.

  15. BehavePlus fire modeling system, version 5.0: Variables

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patricia L. Andrews

    2009-01-01

    This publication has been revised to reflect updates to version 4.0 of the BehavePlus software. It was originally published as the BehavePlus fire modeling system, version 4.0: Variables in July, 2008.The BehavePlus fire modeling system is a computer program based on mathematical models that describe wildland fire behavior and effects and the...

  16. Hypoglycemic depression of RES function.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Buchanan, B J; Filkins, J P

    1976-07-01

    The intravascular removal rates of colloidal carbon and of biologically active endotoxin by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) were evaluated as a function of blood-glucose levels. There was a significant negative correlation of carbon clearance half time on blood glucose in both saline-treated and insulin-treated rats. Insulin hypoglycemia depressed RES carbon clearance with the maximal effect occurring at blood glucose values below 30 mg/dl. Insulin hypoglycemia also severely impaired the intravascular removal of endotoxin as evaluated by lethality bioassay in lead-sensitized rats. It is concluded that blood glucose may modulate RES phagocytic function and that the hypoglycemia of endotoxin shock may augment the shock state due to impairment of RES host defense clearance functions.

  17. Res Publica kogub uut hoogu / Andres Jalak

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Jalak, Andres, 1953-

    2005-01-01

    Kommenteerides Res Publica senise esimehe ja endise peaministri Juhan Partsi ning uueks esimeheks valitud Taavi Veskimäe kõnet Res Publica üldkogul, väljendab Res Publica fraktsiooni aseesimees usku, et Res Publica juhtimisel suudetakse 2007. aasta parlamendivalimistel taastada tulevikku suunatud mõtlemisega valitsus

  18. BMRAT reviewer acknowledgement 2015

    OpenAIRE

    Lili Hami

    2016-01-01

    Contributing reviewers The editors of Biomedical Research and Therapy would like to thank all our reviewers who have contributed to the journal in Volume 2 (2015). [Biomed Res Ther 2016; 3(2.000): 528-532

  19. Changes in Sensory Responsiveness in Behaving Primates.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1986-07-14

    controlled behavioral training and monitoring, and electrophysiological recording in awake , behaving monkeys. All I, research equipment listed in the original...recording from the sensorimotor cortices was conducted on May 21. Under general anesthesia, a craniotomy was performed over the pre- and postcentral cortices...Department of Neurosurgery at U.T. Dr. Klein is somewhat unusual in that he has had previous experience recording from awake , behaving monkeys. The experience

  20. behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO)

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Administrator

    2011-06-13

    Jun 13, 2011 ... experiment results of L-glutamic acid fermentation process showed that our ... Key words: Soft-sensing model, quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization ... information about such biochemical variables is, in most practical ...

  1. Welcome to Biomedical Research and Therapy

    OpenAIRE

    Phuc Van Pham

    2014-01-01

    On behalf of the Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application (SCL) and the Biomedical Research and Therapy' editorial team, we would like to extend a warm welcome to you. [Biomed Res Ther 2014; 1(1.000): 1-1

  2. Res Publica aps / Erkki Bahovski

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Bahovski, Erkki, 1970-

    2003-01-01

    Autori sõnul tekitavad tänavatel ülesseatud postrid, kus peaminister Juhan Parts kutsub üles ütlema "jah" Euroopa Liidule, kummastust, sest ehkki on tegemist Res Publica kampaaniaga, on tavainimesel raske vahet teha valitsuse justkui neutraalse referendumikampaania ja Res Publica "jah"-kampaania vahel

  3. MicroRNAs in Tamoxifen Resistance of Breast Cancer

    Science.gov (United States)

    2009-08-01

    E. (2003) Cancer Biol. Ther. 2, 552–556 18. Adams , P. D., and Cairns, P. (2003) Cancer Biol. Ther. 2, 557–558 19. Yang, X., Phillips, D. L...Ferguson, A. T., Nelson,W. G., Herman, J. G., and Davidson, N. E. (2001) Cancer Res. 61, 7025–7029 20. Adams , B. D., Furneaux, H., and White, B. A. (2007)Mol...106–114. 45. Thai, T. H., D. P. Calado, S. Casola, K. M. Ansel , C. Xiao, Y. Xue, A. Murphy, D. Frendewey, D. Valenzuela, J. L. Kutok, M. Schmidt

  4. Padenije Res Publica / Viktoria Jürmann

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Jürmann, Viktoria

    2005-01-01

    Res Publica üks rajajatest, Rein Taagepera, lahkus parteist, süüdistades erakonda paremtsentristlikust maailmavaatest loobumises. Res Publica Riigikogu fraktsioon tahab avaldada umbusaldust haridus- ja teadusminister Mailis Repsile

  5. Lõhe Res Publicas / Eve Heinla

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Heinla, Eve, 1966-

    2005-01-01

    Tallinna linnapea Tõnis Palts on vastu Tallinna volikogu Res Publica fraktsiooni esimehe Toomas Tautsi abikaasa Kristina Tautsi tööleasumisele Lääne-Tallinna keskhaigla haldusjuhina. T. Paltsi kirjast Res Publica Tallinna piirkonna juhatusele. Lisa: Kuidas lahvatas pealinna võimutüli. Kommenteerivad: Maret Maripuu, Tõnis Palts, Vladimir Maslov

  6. 10 teesi Res Publica valitsemisprogrammist aastani 2007

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2004-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Ottshjot narodu Estonii. Res Publica 2003, 2004, lk. 4-5, 8-9. Res Publica valitsemisprogrammi lubadustest ja täitmisest. Vt. lk. 8-9 Res Publica ministrite olulisemad tegevused 2004. aastal - lühiülevaate teevad Ken-Marti Vaher, Taavi Veskimägi, Marko Pomerants, Toivo Maimets

  7. Isamaaliidu ühinemisjutt ajas Res Publica keema / Toomas Sildam

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Sildam, Toomas, 1961-

    2005-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Postimees : na russkom jazõke 14. nov., lk 3. Isamaaliidu esimehe Tõnis Lukase ettepanekut Isamaaliidu ja Res Publica ühinemiseks pooldavad ka Res Publica eestseisuse liikmed Juhan Parts ja Tõnis Palts, kuid Res Publica esimehe Taavi Veskimäe kinnitusel läheb Res Publica 2007. aasta parlamendivalimistele vastu iseseisvalt. Lisa: Isamaaliit ja Res Publica

  8. Numerical investigation for one bad-behaved flow in a Pelton turbine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wei, X Z; Yang, K; Wang, H J; Gong, R Z; Li, D Y

    2015-01-01

    The gas-liquid two-phase flow in pelton turbines is very complicated, there are many kinds of bad-behaved flow in pelton turbines. In this paper, CFD numerical simulation for the pelton turbine was conducted using VOF two-phase model. One kind of bad-behaved flow caused by the two jets was captured, and the bad-behaved flow was analysed by torque on buckets. It can be concluded that the angle between the two jets and the value of ratio of runner diameter and jet diameter are important parameters for the bad-behaved flow. Furthermore, the reason why the efficiency of some multi-jet type turbines is very low can be well explained by the analysis of bad-behaved flow. Finally, some suggestions for improvement were also provided in present paper

  9. Numerical investigation for one bad-behaved flow in a Pelton turbine

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wei, X. Z.; Yang, K.; Wang, H. J.; Gong, R. Z.; Li, D. Y.

    2015-01-01

    The gas-liquid two-phase flow in pelton turbines is very complicated, there are many kinds of bad-behaved flow in pelton turbines. In this paper, CFD numerical simulation for the pelton turbine was conducted using VOF two-phase model. One kind of bad-behaved flow caused by the two jets was captured, and the bad-behaved flow was analysed by torque on buckets. It can be concluded that the angle between the two jets and the value of ratio of runner diameter and jet diameter are important parameters for the bad-behaved flow. Furthermore, the reason why the efficiency of some multi-jet type turbines is very low can be well explained by the analysis of bad-behaved flow. Finally, some suggestions for improvement were also provided in present paper.

  10. Vinyl Sulfonate/Vinyl Amide Copolymers and Different Surfactants As Suitable Systems in Eorat Higher Temperatures and Salinities Utilisation de mélanges de copolymères vinyl sulfonate/vinyl amide et de différents tensio-actifs en RAP dans des conditions de fortes salinités et de températures élevées

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Von Halasz S. P.

    2006-11-01

    Full Text Available For enhanced oil recovery flooding processes there will be an increasing demand for polymers having high temperature and electrolyte stability. High molecular weight copolymers based on vinyl sulfonate, vinyl amide, and acryl amide show high performances in matching these demanding requirements. Surfactants are also known that are stable under these conditions, resulting in high deoiling rates. The aim of the present article is to demonstrate the influence of alkylphenol ethoxylates and their corresponding ether sulfonates on VS/VA/AM copolymer solutions. Aqueous solutions of such copolymers were added to varying quantities of nonionic and anionic surfactants at different temperatures using salinity scans. This article discusses the results of experiments with solutions of copolymers and surfactants in terms of compatibility, viscosity yield, flow properties, shear stability, injectability, thermostability, and oil recovery. Solutions of alkylphenol ethoxylates and/or ether sulfonates show nearly the same compatibility within a broad range of temperature and salinity, both with and without polymers. Relatively small amounts of surfactants are able to influence the EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery properties of the polymer solutions, giving several interesting aspects for improved oil recovery. L'utilisation des polymères en récupération assistée du pétrole a fait apparaître un besoin croissant de polymères stables à haute température et à forte salinité. Les performances des terpolymères vinyl sulfonate/vinyl amide/acrylamide (VS/VA/VM ont montré que ces polymères remplissent de tels critères d'utilisation. On connaît également des tensio-actifs chimiquement stables dans ces mêmes conditions qui pourraient donc permettre d'obtenir des taux de récupération d'huile élevés. L'objectif de ce travail est de mettre en évidence l'influence de la présence d'alkylphénols éthoxyIates et des éthers sulfonates correspondants sur les

  11. Miks Res Publica kaotas / Juhan Parts

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Parts, Juhan, 1966-

    2004-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Severnoje Poberezhje, 29. juuni 2004, lk. 2; Koit, 29. juuni 2004, lk. 6. Europarlamendi valimiste tulemused erakonnale Res Publica. Juhan Partsi kõne 26. juunil Pärnus toimunud Res Publica volikogul. Lühendatult

  12. Improved quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization with local search strategy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maolong Xi

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available Quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization, which was motivated by analysis of particle swarm optimization and quantum system, has shown compared performance in finding the optimal solutions for many optimization problems to other evolutionary algorithms. To address the problem of premature, a local search strategy is proposed to improve the performance of quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization. In proposed local search strategy, a super particle is presented which is a collection body of randomly selected particles’ dimension information in the swarm. The selected probability of particles in swarm is different and determined by their fitness values. To minimization problems, the fitness value of one particle is smaller; the selected probability is more and will contribute more information in constructing the super particle. In addition, in order to investigate the influence on algorithm performance with different local search space, four methods of computing the local search radius are applied in local search strategy and propose four variants of local search quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization. Empirical studies on a suite of well-known benchmark functions are undertaken in order to make an overall performance comparison among the proposed methods and other quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization. The simulation results show that the proposed quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization variants have better advantages over the original quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization.

  13. Res Publica otsib kandepinda / Mirko Ojakivi

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ojakivi, Mirko

    2004-01-01

    Res Publica peasekretäri Ott Lumi sõnul on erakond teinud tõsised järeldused Euroopa Parlamendi valimiste tulemusest. Res Publica parlamendifraktsiooni väljasõidul pidas kriitilise kõne erakonna esimees Juhan Parts

  14. In medias res

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Foote, Jonathan

    2017-01-01

    nor does he begin the Trojan War ab ovo (with the egg) but always he hurries to the action and snatches the listener in medias res (into the middle of things)      Horace, Ars Poetica 145–147 Good epic poets do not commence their tale from the beginning—ab ovo (with the egg)—as Horace states......, but rather descend in medias res (into the middle of things), a reference to the Illiad opening already many years into the Trojan War. Perhaps this sentiment of plunging into the middle of action was felt by researchers in 1976 when, upon the walls of the San Lorenzo New Sacristy in Florence, they uncovered...

  15. RES: Regularized Stochastic BFGS Algorithm

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mokhtari, Aryan; Ribeiro, Alejandro

    2014-12-01

    RES, a regularized stochastic version of the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) quasi-Newton method is proposed to solve convex optimization problems with stochastic objectives. The use of stochastic gradient descent algorithms is widespread, but the number of iterations required to approximate optimal arguments can be prohibitive in high dimensional problems. Application of second order methods, on the other hand, is impracticable because computation of objective function Hessian inverses incurs excessive computational cost. BFGS modifies gradient descent by introducing a Hessian approximation matrix computed from finite gradient differences. RES utilizes stochastic gradients in lieu of deterministic gradients for both, the determination of descent directions and the approximation of the objective function's curvature. Since stochastic gradients can be computed at manageable computational cost RES is realizable and retains the convergence rate advantages of its deterministic counterparts. Convergence results show that lower and upper bounds on the Hessian egeinvalues of the sample functions are sufficient to guarantee convergence to optimal arguments. Numerical experiments showcase reductions in convergence time relative to stochastic gradient descent algorithms and non-regularized stochastic versions of BFGS. An application of RES to the implementation of support vector machines is developed.

  16. Quantum Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Based on Artificial Fish Swarm

    OpenAIRE

    Yumin, Dong; Li, Zhao

    2014-01-01

    Quantum behaved particle swarm algorithm is a new intelligent optimization algorithm; the algorithm has less parameters and is easily implemented. In view of the existing quantum behaved particle swarm optimization algorithm for the premature convergence problem, put forward a quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm based on artificial fish swarm. The new algorithm based on quantum behaved particle swarm algorithm, introducing the swarm and following activities, meanwhile using the a...

  17. Kes tegelikult lõid Res Publica? / Valeri Kalabugin

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kalabugin, Valeri

    2005-01-01

    Enne erakonnaks kuulutamist oli Res Publica Eesti iseseisvust ja demokraatiat taotlev ühendus, kuhu on kuulunud mitmed poliitika- ning ühiskonnategelased. Vt. samas: Ühendus Res Publica avaldus. Küsimustele vastavad Res Publica avalike suhete juht Riina Vändre, Riigikogu liige Mart Nutt, ajakirjanik Toomas Kümmel

  18. A Preliminary Model for the Protective Role of the Endocannabinoid 2-Arachydonylglycerol in Neuroinflammation

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-09-30

    Seizure Frequency and Duration in a Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy . J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 307:129-137. Zhang M, Chen C. 2008. Endocannabinoid 2... Disorders . Brain Res Rev, 52(2):201-43. Pope C, Mechoulam R, Parsons L. 2010. Endocannabinoid Signaling in Neurotoxicity and Neuroprotection

  19. Sex Differences in Cardiovascular and Subjective Stress Reactions: Prospective Evidence in a Realistic Military Setting

    Science.gov (United States)

    2014-01-01

    this study require comment. Importantly, we did not control for menstrual phase or oral contraceptive use. Reproductive hormones may be implicated in...differences in emotional and physiological responses to the Trier Social Stress Test. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 39:87–98. Kirschbaum C, Pirke KM

  20. Mida ootame Res Publica poliitikutelt? / Andreas Kaju

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kaju, Andreas

    2003-01-01

    Res Publica Juventus on piirkondadele saadetud küsitlustega otsinud vastuseid mitmetele probleemidele. Eesmärk Res Publica poliitilise käitumise raamide määramine. Tabel: Juventuse küsimused piirkondadele

  1. 2607-IJBCS-Article-André Sawa Kpaibe

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    hp

    artéméther exprimant l'absorbance (Abs) en fonction du temps en minute (min). Tableau 1 : Caractères organoleptiques des médicaments M1 et M2. M1. M2. Aspect. Liquide visqueux. Liquide visqueux. Couleur. Jaune citron. Orange. Saveur. Bon goût.

  2. Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Epidermolysis Bullosa

    Science.gov (United States)

    2014-10-01

    of human hematopoietic cells for extracellular matrix protein deficiency in epidermolysis bullosa. Stem Cells 2011, 29:900–906. 18. Di Nicola M...promotes cardiogenic gene expression in mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2013, 4:43. 57. Herrmann JL, Wang Y, Abarbanell AM, Weil BR, Tan J

  3. Rahvaliit likvideerib Res Publica veeuputust / Janno Reiljan

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Reiljan, Janno, 1951-2018

    2005-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Molodjozh Estonii 1. august lk. 5. Selgitused Res Publica esimehe Taavi Veskimägi artiklile 25. juuli Postimehes "Pärast meid tulgu või veeuputus". Res Publica ja Rahvaliidu poliitika võrdlus

  4. Rein Taagepera lahkub Res Publicast / Kristjan Roos

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Roos, Kristjan, 1978-

    2005-01-01

    Res Publica asutaja Rein Taagepera, Jaan Einasto, Mare Taagepera ja Lauri Aaspõllu lahkuvad Res Publicast, kuna erakond on nende väitel muutunud paremtsentrist paremäärmuslikuks. Vt. samas: Erakonnad hoiavad uksed valla

  5. Res Publica esitas avalduse kaposse / Virkko Lepassalu

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lepassalu, Virkko, 1971-

    2003-01-01

    Kaposse jõudis Res Publica avaldus, milles palutakse uurida erakonda seadusvastaselt anonüümselt sponsoreerima kutsuva kirja tagamaid. Vt. ka Äripäev 19. veebruar lk. 6 "Kapo ei alustanud Res Publica avalduse peale kriminaalmenetlust"

  6. Afrique : ressources minières, environnement et gouvernance ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    25 janv. 2011 ... ils regorgent de richesses inouïes », assure Bonnie Campbell, directrice du Groupe de recherche sur les activités minières en Afrique (GRAMA) et titulaire de la Chaire C.-A. Poissant de recherche sur la gouvernance et l'aide au développement, faisant référence aux ressources minières et pétrolières dont ...

  7. Res Publica soolo rikkus tavasid / Kai Kalamees

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kalamees, Kai

    2005-01-01

    Riigikogu aseesimeheks valiti Res Publica liige Taavi Veskimägi, nüüd on Riigikogu juhatuses kaks ühe partei liiget. Riigikogu aseesimeheks tagasi valitud Toomas Vareki hinnangul näitab see samm nii Res Publica kogenematust kui ka Eesti poliitilise kultuuri kehva taset

  8. The purifying bridge of Res Publica / Rein Taagepera

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Taagepera, Rein, 1933-

    2004-01-01

    Res Publica edust Eesti poliitilisel maastikul. Autor käsitleb Res Publicat kui puhastava toimega ja silla funktsiooni täitvat parteid, mis üritab siduda tervikuks Keskerakonna ja Reformierakonna seisukohad

  9. Res Publica meelitab valla- ja linnajuhte / Henrik Roonemaa

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Roonemaa, Henrik

    2001-01-01

    Valitsusliidu regionaalpoliitikas pettunud 30 omavalitsusjuhti on astunud ühenduse Res Publica liikmeks, lootes selle põhjal tekkiva partei abil kohaliku ja riigivõimu taas omavahel suhtlema panna. Vt. samas Res Publica liikmetest omavalitsusjuhid

  10. RES-E-NEXT: Next Generation of RES-E Policy Instruments

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Miller, M.; Bird, L.; Cochran, J.; Milligan, M.; Bazilian, M. [National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO (United States); Denny, E.; Dillon, J.; Bialek, J.; O’Malley, M. [Ecar Limited (Ireland); Neuhoff, K. [DIW Berlin (Germany)

    2013-07-04

    The RES-E-NEXT study identifies policies that are required for the next phase of renewable energy support. The study analyses policy options that secure high shares of renewable electricity generation and adequate grid infrastructure, enhance flexibility and ensure an appropriate market design. Measures have limited costs or even save money, and policies can be gradually implemented.

  11. Frontières sociales, frontières culturelles, frontières techniques

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Les sociétés démocratiques modernes ont basé leur unité sur l'égalité des chances et sur la mobilité sociale. Or, ce modèle d'intégration est fortement mis à l'épreuve aujourd'hui. Des discriminations structurelles viennent contredire le principe l'égalité de traitement. Des barrières difficilement franchissables, quel que soit le niveau, viennent contrecarrer la possibilité de promotion sociale. Un double phénomène est ainsi observable. D'une part, la société se fractionne en des espaces soc...

  12. A Critical Review of the Drug/Performance Literature. Volume II.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1979-12-01

    Cannabis Drug Tolerance Drugs and Stress Amphetamine Depressants Drug Users Ethanol Behavior Drug Abuse Drug Withdrawal Hallucinogens Cannabinoids Drug...Therapeutics Clin Tox Clinical Toxicology Couw Psychopharm Communications in Psychopharmacology Comp Psychiat Comprehensive Psychiatry Current Ther Res Current...European Journal of Toxicology Exp Neurol Experimental Neurology EEG Clin Neurophys EEG Clinical Neurophysiology EEG J EEG Journal Ger Med German Medicine

  13. Res Publica pakub sponsoritele anonüümsust / Virkko Lepassalu

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lepassalu, Virkko, 1971-

    2003-01-01

    Mõnede tõenäoliselt Res Publica lähedaste ettevõtjate seas levib erakonna nimel rahapalumiskiri, mis lubab sponsorile anonüümsust. Vt. samas: Telefonikõne ettevõtja ja Res Publica aseesimehe Ken-Marti Vaheri vahel ; Teisedki on saanud rahaallikaid varjates ; Res Publica on loobunud reklaamibroneeringutest

  14. Concurrent reflectance imaging and microdialysis in the freely behaving cat

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Poe, G R; Nitz, D A; Rector, D M

    1996-01-01

    We present a method to perform simultaneous microdialysis with light reflectance imaging of neural activity in a discrete brain region of the freely behaving animal. We applied this method to the dorsal hippocampus of freely behaving cats to (1) measure extracellular glutamate and reflectance...... imaged neural activity. Sequential images showed that cocaine perfusion elicited a propagating reflectance change as cocaine reached the tissue. Microperfusion of hypo-osmotic solution ( - 100 mOsm), which increases cell volume, decreased reflectance. Microperfusion of hyperosmotic sucrose solutions...

  15. Hydrogen-induced structural transition in single layer ReS2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yagmurcukardes, M.; Bacaksiz, C.; Senger, R. T.; Sahin, H.

    2017-09-01

    By performing density functional theory-based calculations, we investigate how structural, electronic and mechanical properties of single layer ReS2 can be tuned upon hydrogenation of its surfaces. It is found that a stable, fully hydrogenated structure can be obtained by formation of strong S-H bonds. The optimized atomic structure of ReS2H2 is considerably different than that of the monolayer ReS2 which has a distorted-1T phase. By performing phonon dispersion calculations, we also predict that the Re2-dimerized 1T structure (called 1T {{}\\text{R{{\\text{e}}2}}} ) of the ReS2H2 is dynamically stable. Unlike the bare ReS2 the 1T {{}\\text{R{{\\text{e}}2}}} -ReS2H2 structure which is formed by breaking the Re4 clusters into separated Re2 dimers, is an indirect-gap semiconductor. Furthermore, mechanical properties of the 1T {{}\\text{R{{\\text{e}}2}}} phase in terms of elastic constants, in-plane stiffness (C) and Poisson ratio (ν) are investigated. It is found that full hydrogenation not only enhances the flexibility of the single layer ReS2 crystal but also increases anisotropy of the elastic constants.

  16. Responsiveness in Behaving Monkeys and Human Subjects

    Science.gov (United States)

    1993-07-31

    Status of Current Research - Statement of Work Each study involving awake , behaving monkey neurophysiological recording used a behavioral paradigm that...anesthesia. A craniotomy was performed at approximately A+ 14.5mm. The recording chamber then was fixed to the skull at a lateral angle of 8’ from

  17. Res Publica lükkas tagasi Isamaaliidu ühinemisettepaneku / Mirko Ojakivi

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ojakivi, Mirko

    2005-01-01

    Kuigi Res Publica juhid lükkasid tagasi idee ühineda Isamaaliiduga, on Res Publica valmis koostööks nii Isamaaliidu kui ka kõigi teiste erakondadega. Res Publica parlamendifraktsiooni esimehe Marko Pomerantsi arvamus

  18. Juhan Parts soovib Res Publica tagasi tippu viia / Toomas Sildam

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Sildam, Toomas, 1961-

    2004-01-01

    Res Publica esimees peaminister Juhan Parts plaanib minna oma erakonnaga kohalikele valimistele ning uurib võimalusi paremerakondade ühinemiseks. Rakveres toimunud erakonna üldkogust. Lisad: Peaministri neli rasket hetke; Res Publica ministrid said parteilt toetuse. Vt. samas: Reformierakond kiitis Res Publicat hea koostöö eest; Parts: 191 vastuhäält on hea tulemus

  19. Resúmenes Conferencias Magistrales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Editor Gabriel Vargas Arana

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se pueden encontrar los resúmenes de las conferencias magistrales del III Congreso Latinoamericano de Plantas Medicinales, desarrollado del 12 al 14 de agosto de 2015 en la ciudad de Iquitos, Perú.

  20. Resúmenes Presentaciones Orales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Editor Gabriel Vargas Arana

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se pueden encontrar los resúmenes de las presentaciones orales del III Congreso Latinoamericano de Plantas Medicinales, desarrollado del 12 al 14 de agosto de 2015 en la ciudad de Iquitos, Perú.

  1. Res Publicas käärib mäss / Hants Hint

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Hint, Hants

    2002-01-01

    Res Publica eestseisuse liige ja Ida-Viru piirkonna esimees Hants Hint vastab küsimustele Res Publica ja Keskerakonna võimuliidu moodustamisega tekkinud skandaali, Res Publica esimehe Juhan Partsiga kohtumise kohta. Vt. samas: "Korbi toetajaid ootab hukkamõist"

  2. Res Publica viskab Oleg Rebase välja

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2006-01-01

    Res Publica Tallinna piirkonna juhatus leidis, et Oleg Rebane läks Keskerakonna provokatsiooniga kaasa minnes vastuollu Res Publica põhimõtetega. Tallinna linnapea Jüri Ratase suhtes algatatud umbusaldushääletuse põhjustest. Sven Sester vastab küsimusele, mis seotud Oleg Rebase ja Tõnis Bittmani juhtumiga

  3. Parts ei soovi Res Publica esimehe ametit / Tuuli Koch

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Koch, Tuuli

    2005-01-01

    Kõige tõenäolisem kandidaat Res Publica juhi kohale on Taavi Veskimägi, aseesimeesteks kandideerivad Marko Mihkelson ja Henn Pärn. Res Publica fraktsiooni koosolekul leidis Mihhail Lotman, et erakond võiks olla feminiinsem

  4. Age differences in how consumers behave following exposure to DTC advertising.

    Science.gov (United States)

    DeLorme, Denise E; Huh, Jisu; Reid, Leonard N

    2006-01-01

    This study was conducted to provide additional evidence on how consumers behave following direct-to-consumer (DTC) advertising exposure and to determine if there are differences in ad-prompted acts (drug inquiry and drug requests) between different age groups (i.e., older, mature, and younger adults). The results suggest that younger, mature, and older consumers are all moved to act by DTC drug ads, but that each age group behaves in different ways. Somewhat surprisingly, age was not predictive of ad-prompted behavior. DTC advertising was no more effective at moving older consumers to behave than their younger counterparts. These results suggest that age does not matter that much when it comes to the "moving power" of prescription drug advertising, even though research indicates that older consumers are more vulnerable to the persuasive effects of communication.

  5. Diagnóstico dos resíduos sólidos do setor agrossilvopastoril : resíduos sólidos inorgânicos

    OpenAIRE

    Rosseto, Renato

    2013-01-01

    Este trabalho buscou realizar o diagnóstico preliminar dos resíduos sólidos inorgânicos gerados no setor agrossilvopastoril, especialmente nos segmentos de agrotóxicos, fertilizantes, insumos farmacêuticos veterinários, além dos resíduos sólidos domésticos (RSDs) rurais Os assuntos foram separados em seções. De forma geral, a ausência de informações oficiais sistematizadas seguiu como a principal dificuldade em realizar o diagnóstico dos resíduos sólidos inorgânicos presentes no setor agrossi...

  6. A Novel Distributed Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yangyang Li

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO is an improved version of particle swarm optimization (PSO and has shown superior performance on many optimization problems. But for now, it may not always satisfy the situations. Nowadays, problems become larger and more complex, and most serial optimization algorithms cannot deal with the problem or need plenty of computing cost. Fortunately, as an effective model in dealing with problems with big data which need huge computation, MapReduce has been widely used in many areas. In this paper, we implement QPSO on MapReduce model and propose MapReduce quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (MRQPSO which achieves parallel and distributed QPSO. Comparisons are made between MRQPSO and QPSO on some test problems and nonlinear equation systems. The results show that MRQPSO could complete computing task with less time. Meanwhile, from the view of optimization performance, MRQPSO outperforms QPSO in many cases.

  7. BioMagResBank.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ulrich, E.L.; Akutsu, H.; Doreleijers, J.; Harano, Y.; Ioannidis, Y.E.; Lin, J.; Livny, M.; Mading, S.; Maziuk, D.; Miller, Z.; Nakatani, E.; Schulte, C.F.; Tolmie, D.E.; Wenger, R.K.; Yao, H.; Markley, J.L.

    2008-01-01

    The BioMagResBank (BMRB: www.bmrb.wisc.edu) is a repository for experimental and derived data gathered from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic studies of biological molecules. BMRB is a partner in the Worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB). The BMRB archive consists of four main data

  8. Res Publica kärbiks võimuorganite koosseise / Argo Ideon

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ideon, Argo, 1966-

    2002-01-01

    Res Publica taotleb Riigikogu kärpimist 61 liikmeni, lubab kahandada kohalike volikogude koosseise, Tallinna abilinnapeade arvu ja kaotada portfellita ministrite kohad. Vt. samas: Res Publica valimisnimekiri Tallinnas

  9. Anticipating and Resisting the Temptation to Behave Unethically.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sheldon, Oliver J; Fishbach, Ayelet

    2015-07-01

    Ethical dilemmas pose a self-control conflict between pursuing immediate benefits through behaving dishonestly and pursuing long-term benefits through acts of honesty. Therefore, factors that facilitate self-control for other types of goals (e.g., health and financial) should also promote ethical behavior. Across four studies, we find support for this possibility. Specifically, we find that only under conditions that facilitate conflict identification--including the consideration of several decisions simultaneously (i.e., a broad decision frame) and perceived high connectedness to the future self--does anticipating a temptation to behave dishonestly in advance promote honesty. We demonstrate these interaction patterns between conflict identification and temptation anticipation in negotiation situations (Study 1), lab tasks (Study 2), and ethical dilemmas in the workplace (Studies 3-4). We conclude that identifying a self-control conflict and anticipating a temptation are two necessary preconditions for ethical decision making. © 2015 by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.

  10. Comment rendre les villes plus sûres

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    qui travaillent à l'initiative Villes sûres et inclusives font la lumière sur ce qui fonctionne – et ne fonctionne pas – pour rendre les villes plus sûres. Le présent compte rendu comporte certains enseignements tirés de leur travail, ainsi que les lacunes dans les connaissances et les domaines où il faut poursuivre la recherche.

  11. Res Publica andis kolmele poliitikule fiktiivse elukoha / Kärt Karpa

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Karpa, Kärt, 1973-

    2002-01-01

    Väidetavalt lasi Res Publica enne kohalikke valimisi ühte Pirita eramajja sisse registreerida Jaanus Rahumäe ja veel kaks Res Publica liiget, et nad saaksid kandideerida Tallinna volikogusse ja Pirita halduskogusse

  12. Res Publica ladvikus hõõgub võimutüli / Tuuli Koch

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Koch, Tuuli

    2006-01-01

    22. aprillil kogunenud Res Publica volikogu toetas 60 poolthäälega ühe vastu Res Publica ja Isamaaliidu ühinemist. Tõnis Palts teatas volikogul esinedes, et Taavi Veskimägi ei sobi Res Publica poolseks läbirääkimiste juhiks

  13. Res Publica kõrvaldas mässaja / Kristjan Roos

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Roos, Kristjan, 1978-

    2005-01-01

    Tallinna linnavolikogu Res Publica fraktsiooni juhi kohalt, Res Publica Tallinna piirkonna juhatusest ja erakonna eestseisusest end taandanud Toomas Tautsi sõnul esitati talle erakonna eestseisuses mitmeid süüdistusi, mis kokkuvõtvalt olid etteheited tema vastuseisule võimalikule koalitsioonile Keskerakonnaga. Lisa: Abilinnapeadeks saavad Promm, Reivik ja Pevkur

  14. Teine Res Musica ilmunud / Jaan Ross

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ross, Jaan, 1957-

    2010-01-01

    Artiklikogumikust: Res musica [2] : Eesti Muusikateaduse Seltsi ja Eesti Muusika- ja Teatriakadeemia muusikateaduse osakonna aastaraamat / peatoimetaja Urve Lippus. Tallinn : Eesti Muusika- ja Teatriakadeemia, 2010

  15. Mastery of Content Representation (CoRes) Related TPACK High School Biology Teacher

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nasution, W. R.; Sriyati, S.; Riandi, R.; Safitri, M.

    2017-09-01

    The purpose of this study was to determine the mastery of Content Representation (CoRes) teachers related to the integration of technology and pedagogy in teaching Biology (TPACK). This research uses a descriptive method. The data were taken using instruments CoRes as the primary data and semi-structured interviews as supporting data. The subjects were biology teacher in class X MIA from four schools in Bandung. Teachers raised CoRes was analyzed using a scoring rubric CoRes with coding 1-3 then categorized into a group of upper, middle, or lower. The results showed that the two teachers in the lower category. This results means that the control of teachers in defining the essential concept in the CoRes has not been detailed and specific. Meanwhile, two other teachers were in the middle category. This means that the ability of teachers to determine the essential concepts in the CoRes are still inadequate so that still needs to be improved.

  16. Res Publica Euroopas / Eiki Berg, Marko Mihkelson ; interv. Lauri Lugna

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Berg, Eiki, 1970-

    2003-01-01

    Res Publica välispoliitika eksperdid Eiki Berg ja Marko Mihkelson vastavad küsimustele, mis käsitlevad Res Publica saamist Euroopa Rahvapartei (ERP) liikmeks, koostööd ERP-ga, EL-i põhiseaduslikku lepet

  17. Res Publica mängis topeltmängu / Risto Berendson

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Berendson, Risto, 1975-

    2005-01-01

    Res Publica jätkab koostööd Tallinna linnavalitsuses Reformierakonnaga. Tallinna linnapea Tõnis Paltsi sõnul oli paralleelsete läbirääkimiste pidamine Keskerakonna ja Reformierakonnaga Res Publica Tallinna piirkonna juhatuse valitud taktika. Kommenteerib Jaanus Piirsalu

  18. Res Publica lihtliikmed tõrjuvad Veskimäge / Tuuli Koch

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Koch, Tuuli

    2006-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Pärnu Postimees 17. okt. lk. 6. Isamaa ja Res Publica liidu peaministrikandidaadiks sai Mart Laar, kuid pinged erakondade sees kestavad edasi. Res Publica opositsioon toetab isamaaliitlast Mart Laari ja on Taavi Veskimäe vastu. Lisa: Otsitakse peaministrit

  19. Electricity market models and RES integration: The Greek case

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Simoglou, Christos K.; Biskas, Pandelis N.; Vagropoulos, Stylianos I.; Bakirtzis, Anastasios G.

    2014-01-01

    This paper presents an extensive analysis of the Greek electricity market for the next 7-year period (2014–2020) based on an hour-by-hour simulation considering five different RES technologies, namely wind, PV, small hydro, biomass and CHP with emphasis on PV integration. The impact of RES penetration on the electricity market operation is evaluated under two different models regarding the organization of the Greek wholesale day-ahead electricity market: a mandatory power pool for year 2014 (current market design) and a power exchange for the period 2015–2020 (Target Model). An integrated software tool is used for the simulation of the current and the future day-ahead market clearing algorithm of the Greek wholesale electricity market. Simulation results indicate the impact of the anticipated large-scale RES integration, in conjunction with each market model, on specific indicators of the Greek electricity market in the long-term. - Highlights: • Analysis of the Greek electricity market for the next 7-year period (2014–2020) based on hour-by-hour simulation. • Five different RES technologies are considered with emphasis on PV integration. • A power pool (for 2014) and a power exchange (for 2015–2020) are considered. • Various market indicators are used for the analysis of the impact of the RES integration on the Greek electricity market. • Two alternative tariff schemes for the compensation of the new ground-mounted PV units from 2015 onwards are investigated

  20. Res Publica aukohus heidab juhtidele ette eetikavääratust / Toomas Mattson

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Mattson, Toomas, 1970-

    2002-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Põhjarannik ; Severnoje Poberezhje 22. november lk. 3;4. Res Publica aukohus arvab, et Res Publica juhid on rikkunud erakonna põhikirja, sisekorda ja eetikakoodeksit Kohtla-Järve juhtumi lahendamisel. Kohtla-Järvel sai linnapeaks riisumiskahtlusega uurimise all olev Valeri Korb tänu Keskerakonna ja Res Publica koalitsioonileppele. Kommenteerib Juhan Kivirähk

  1. Res Publica Ida-Viru piirkond valis uue juhatuse / Erik Gamzejev

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Gamzejev, Erik, 1967-

    2002-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Severnoje Poberezhje 4. dets. lk. 1. Res Publica Ida-Viru piirkonna üldkogul valiti uus juhatus, Vladimir Sarantsevi sõnul oli koosolek enamiku Kohtla-Järve osakonna liikmete arvates õigustühine. Res Publica peasekretäri Tõnis Konsi kommentaare

  2. Rationales for technology-specific RES support and their relevance for German policy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gawel, Erik; Lehmann, Paul; Purkus, Alexandra; Söderholm, Patrik; Witte, Katherina

    2017-01-01

    In order to achieve cost-effective RES-E deployment it is often argued that technology-neutral support schemes for renewables are indispensable. Against this background, RES-E support policies making widely use of technology differentiation in remuneration settings, e.g. across the EU, are frequently criticized from a theoretical point of view. However, in this paper we provide a systematic critique of the technology neutrality concept as a foundation for designing policy support schemes in the RES-E technology field. Specifically, the main objective of the paper is to scrutinize the arguments for technology-neutrality, and discuss three conceptual arguments for why technology-specific support schemes could in fact help minimize the societal costs of reaching future RES-E targets. We also briefly address different political economy concerns, which could constrain the choice of cost-effective policy support schemes, and that have to be taken into account for economic policy advice. For empirical illustration of the key arguments we refer to the case of German RES-E policy-making. The central conclusion from this paper is that technology-specific RES-E support schemes may generate significant economic benefits, particularly if technology markets work imperfectly and in second-best policy settings with additional non-internalized market failures. - Highlights: • Three theoretical cost-effectiveness reasons for technology-specific RES-E support. • German case study to show relevance of theoretical arguments for policy-making. • Political economy constraints to technology-neutral support are demonstrated. • Technology-specific RES-E support may generate significant economic benefits.

  3. Presidendilossis pidutses ka üks Res Publica liige / Kadri Jakobson

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Jakobson, Kadri, 1970-

    2006-01-01

    SL Õhtulehele presidendilossis toimunud noortepidudest rääkinud neiu on Res Publica liige, kuid tema sõnul pole tema parteiline kuuluvus pidudega seotud. Arvamust avaldavad Res Publica juhatuse liige Andreas Kaju, erakonna esimees Taavi Veskimägi, ERL-i pressiesindaja Agu Uudelepp jt.

  4. Res Publica asus Reformierakonda Tallinna võimuliidust tõrjuma / Mirko Ojakivi

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ojakivi, Mirko

    2005-01-01

    Res Publica Tallinna piirkonna juhatuse liikme Siim Roode sõnul teeb Res Publica Keskerakonna Tallinna piirkonna juhatusele ettepaneku koalitsiooniläbirääkimiste alustamiseks. Lisa: Paltsu ettekäändeks Unicom

  5. Res Publica : umbusaldamine võib lõpetada senise koalitsiooni / Villy Paimets

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Paimets, Villy, 1972-

    2005-01-01

    Res Publica erakorraline volikogu avaldas toetust justiitsministrile ja andis peaministrile volitused lõpetada justiitsministri umbusaldamise korral senine koalitsioon ning alustada läbirääkimisi Isamaaliiduga. Lisa: Res Publica toetab Vaherit

  6. Electronic and optoelectronic device applications based on ReS2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Erfu; Long, Mingsheng; Wang, Yaojia; Pan, Yiming; Ho, Chinghwa; Wang, Baigeng; Miao, Feng

    Rhenium disulfide (ReS2) is a unique semiconducting TMD with distorted 1T structure and weak interlayer coupling. We have previously investigated its in-plane anisotropic property and electronic applications on FET and digital inverters. In this talk, we will present high responsivity phototransistors based on few-layer ReS2. Depending on the back gate voltage, source drain bias and incident optical light intensity, the maximum attainable photoresponsivity can reach as high as 88,600 A W-1, which is one of the highest value among individual two-dimensional materials with similar device structures. Such high photoresponsivity is attributed to the increased light absorption as well as the gain enhancement due to the existence of trap states in the few-layer ReS2 flakes. The existence of trap states is proved by temperature dependent transport measurements. It further enables the detection of weak signals. Our studies underscore ReS2 as a promising material for future electronic and sensitive optoelectronic applications.

  7. Res Publica seisab vastu homse arvel elamisele / Siim Männik

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Männik, Siim

    2005-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Vabariik (venek.) 30. august lk. 1. Res Publica koostab praegu kohalikeks valimisteks nimekirju. Erakond ei plaani korraldada mitte ühte üleriigilist valimiskampaaniat, vaid 120 kohalikku kampaaniat, peale selle on kavas üleriigiline n.-ö. foonikampaania. Lisa: Miks valida Res Publica? Vt. samas: Sisevalimised 1.-3. septembrini

  8. Gestão integrada de resíduos : o impacto ambiental

    OpenAIRE

    Oliveira, Rosário

    2004-01-01

    Faz-se uma introducão à politica de gestão integrada de resíduos para enquadrar a valorização de resíduos como política desejável para assegurar um desenvolvimento sustentado. Referem-se de seguida metodologias para avaliação do impacto ambiental da utilização de resíduos que possam ser usados como materiais de construção civil e obras públicas, ressalvando-se alguma falta de enquadramento legal.

  9. The progress of RES environment in the most recent member states of the EU

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Patlitzianas, Konstantinos [Management and Decision Support Systems Lab (EPU-NTUA), School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9, Iroon Polytechniou str., 15773, Athens (Greece); Karagounis, Konstantinos [National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Dental School, 2 Thivon Str., Goudi, 11527 Athens (Greece)

    2011-02-15

    The most recent EU member states seem to have important Renewable Energy Sources (RES) potential. However, they have serious structural difficulties in development and integration of RES policies. Indeed, the balanced development of RES between the member states is urgent today. The penetration of the RES in these member states is related to the existence of an appropriate environment (political, economical, social, and technological). The current paper is based on an analytical review and specific PEST analysis aiming to assess the current RES environment and the progress so far in each of these most recent EU members. (author)

  10. Hi-Res scan mode in clinical MDCT systems: Experimental assessment of spatial resolution performance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cruz-Bastida, Juan P; Gomez-Cardona, Daniel; Li, Ke; Sun, Heyi; Hsieh, Jiang; Szczykutowicz, Timothy P; Chen, Guang-Hong

    2016-05-01

    The introduction of a High-Resolution (Hi-Res) scan mode and another associated option that combines Hi-Res mode with the so-called High Definition (HD) reconstruction kernels (referred to as a Hi-Res/HD mode in this paper) in some multi-detector CT (MDCT) systems offers new opportunities to increase spatial resolution for some clinical applications that demand high spatial resolution. The purpose of this work was to quantify the in-plane spatial resolution along both the radial direction and tangential direction for the Hi-Res and Hi-Res/HD scan modes at different off-center positions. A technique was introduced and validated to address the signal saturation problem encountered in the attempt to quantify spatial resolution for the Hi-Res and Hi-Res/HD scan modes. Using the proposed method, the modulation transfer functions (MTFs) of a 64-slice MDCT system (Discovery CT750 HD, GE Healthcare) equipped with both Hi-Res and Hi-Res/HD modes were measured using a metal bead at nine different off-centered positions (0-16 cm with a step size of 2 cm); at each position, both conventional scans and Hi-Res scans were performed. For each type of scan and position, 80 repeated acquisitions were performed to reduce noise induced uncertainties in the MTF measurements. A total of 15 reconstruction kernels, including eight conventional kernels and seven HD kernels, were used to reconstruct CT images of the bead. An ex vivo animal study consisting of a bone fracture model was performed to corroborate the MTF results, as the detection of this high-contrast and high frequency task is predominantly determined by spatial resolution. Images of this animal model generated by different scan modes and reconstruction kernels were qualitatively compared with the MTF results. At the centered position, the use of Hi-Res mode resulted in a slight improvement in the MTF; each HD kernel generated higher spatial resolution than its counterpart conventional kernel. However, the MTF along the

  11. Res Publica toetus pole aastaga üle viie protsendi tõusnud / Tuuli Koch

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Koch, Tuuli

    2006-01-01

    Emori jaanuarikuu küsitluse põhjal on 22 protsendiga suurim toetajaskond Keskerakonnal, Res Publica reiting on aasta aega püsinud viie ja kolme toetusprotsendi vahel. Vt. samas: Taavi Veskimägi. 2 küsimust. Diagrammid: Res Publica valiks riigikogusse tagasi vaid kolm protsenti valijaist; Toetus Res Publicale

  12. Revisiting long-run relations in power markets with high RES penetration

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gianfreda, Angelica; Parisio, Lucia; Pelagatti, Matteo

    2016-01-01

    Electricity generation from renewable energy resources (RES) has become increasingly significant to reach EU and emissions reduction targets. At the same time, one of the main EU policy goals has been the creation of a common internal energy market for Europe. In this paper, we focus on these two issues previously studied separately, considering their possible interactions. We first analyze the long-run relationship between day-ahead electricity prices and fuel prices (natural gas and coal) looking at two samples of years characterized by low and high RES penetration, then we explore the integration of EU markets. We show that the electricity–fuel nexus found over 2006–2008 changed dramatically over 2010–2014 for the majority of countries considered. In particular, the long-run dependence of electricity from gas and coal prices is much lower in recent years. Furthermore, our results confirm that the considered EU countries are becoming less integrated as RES-E increases. Our findings suggest that nationally implemented policies to support renewables are successful in increasing RES penetration, but they have lessened the linkage among EU markets, then making integration more difficult to obtain. - Highlights: •RES lower the intra-daily electricity dependence from coal and natural gas. •RES affect the EU wholesale electricity market integration, studied at hourly level. •Overlapping national and supranational policies tackle the achievement of EU targets. •Strong policy coordination is required to avoid that the “greens” promote the “dirtiest”.

  13. Gerenciamento de resíduos odontológicos no serviço público

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lídia Regina da Costa Hidalgo

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar o processo de gerenciamento dos resíduos odontológicos do serviço público de saúde em 11 municípios brasileiros. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Uma única pesquisadora realizou as visitas e as observações foram anotadas em um roteiro previamente elaborado e testado. RESULTADO: Foram visitadas 50 unidades de saúde, sendo que nenhuma apresentou cópia do plano de gerenciamento de resíduos. Do total de estabelecimentos, 62% realizavam a correta segregação dos resíduos no momento da sua geração. A presença de recipientes adequados a cada tipo de resíduo gerado no consultório odontológico foi observada em 74% dos estabelecimentos e, destes, 94% apresentavam capacidade adequada ao tipo de resíduo gerado. A identificação do tipo de resíduo nas embalagens plásticas bem como anotações identificando o estabelecimento gerador dos resíduos foram encontradas em 8% e 6%, respectivamente. Somente 21% dos estabelecimentos apresentavam locais apropriados, de acordo com as normas vigentes, para o armazenamento dos resíduos até que fosse feita a coleta externa. CONCLUSÃO: Constatou-se na presente pesquisa que a rotina adotada pela rede pública de saúde bucal, no que tange ao gerenciamento de resíduos de saúde, apresentou falhas.

  14. A charged anisotropic well-behaved Adler-Finch-Skea solution satisfying Karmarkar condition

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bhar, Piyali; Singh, Ksh. Newton; Rahaman, Farook; Pant, Neeraj; Banerjee, Sumita

    In the present paper, we discover a new well-behaved charged anisotropic solution of Einstein-Maxwell’s field equations. We ansatz the metric potential g00 of the form given by Maurya et al. (Eur. Phys. J. C 76(12) (2016) 693) with n = 2. In their paper, it is mentioned that for n = 2, the solution is not well-behaved for neutral configuration as the speed of sound is nondecreasing radially outward. However, the solution can represent a physically possible configuration with the inclusion of some net electric charge, i.e. the solution can become a well-behaved solution with decreasing sound speed radially outward for a charged configuration. Due to the inclusion of electric charge, the solution leads to a very stiff equation-of-state (EoS) with the velocity of sound at the center vr02 = 0.819, vt02 = 0.923 and the compactness parameter u = 0.823 is close to the Buchdahl limit 0.889. This stiff EoS support a compact star configuration of mass 5.418M⊙ and radius of 10.1km.

  15. Epitaxial growth of ReS2(001) thin film via deposited-Re sulfurization

    Science.gov (United States)

    Urakami, Noriyuki; Okuda, Tetsuya; Hashimoto, Yoshio

    2018-02-01

    In this paper, we present the formation of large-size rhenium disulfide (ReS2) films via the sulfurization of Re films deposited on sapphire substrates. The effects of sulfurization temperature and pressure on the crystal quality were investigated. A [001]-oriented single crystal of ReS2 films with 6 × 10 mm2 area was realized. By sulfurizing Re films at 1100 °C, ReS2 films with well-defined sharp interfaces to c-plane sapphire substrates could be formed. Below and above the sulfurization temperature of 1100 °C, incomplete sulfurization and film degradation were observed. The twofold symmetry of the monocrystalline in-plane structure composed of Re-Re bonds along with Re-S bonds pointed to a distorted 1T structure, indicating that this structure is the most stable atomic arrangement for ReS2. For a S/Re compositional ratio equal to or slightly lower than 2.0, characteristic Raman vibrational modes with the narrowest line widths were observed. The typical absorption peak of ReS2 can be detected at 1.5 eV.

  16. Dynamique de fréquentation des grands mammifères dans une ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    SARAH

    31 juil. 2016 ... RÉSUMÉ. Objectifs : Dans le but de connaitre les animaux fréquentant les clairières (ou Baï) forestières au Gabon, une étude sur la fréquentation du Baï de Momba par les grands mammifères a été conduite durant la petite saison des pluies pendant deux mois du 19 février au 13 mars 2012. Méthodologie ...

  17. BEHAVE: fire behavior prediction and fuel modeling system--FUEL subsystem

    Science.gov (United States)

    Robert E. Burgan; Richard C. Rothermel

    1984-01-01

    This manual documents the fuel modeling procedures of BEHAVE--a state-of-the-art wildland fire behavior prediction system. Described are procedures for collecting fuel data, using the data with the program, and testing and adjusting the fuel model.

  18. RES-E Support Policies In The Baltic States: Development Aspect (Part I

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bobinaite V.

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Despite quite similar conditions (natural resources for electricity production from renewable energy sources (RES-E in three Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, significant differences exist in these countries as to the RES-E production volume. In Latvia this volume is the highest, while in Estonia and Lithuania it is half as high. One of the factors that determine the RES-E production volumes is support policies, which in the Baltic States are different. The main objective of this work was to analyze and compare these support policies. The results have shown that for rapid RES-E development the most effective policy is to be market-oriented (as in Estonia, whereas for more stable development such policy should be producer-oriented (as in Lithuania.

  19. How are we behaving?

    CERN Multimedia

    2012-01-01

    It’s almost two years since CERN introduced a Code of Conduct. The results may not be immediately measurable, but I’d like to think it’s made the lab a better place to be. The Code of Conduct is based on values that most of us immediately identify with, and so implementing it comes as second nature. Nevertheless, in an organisation of over 10,000 people, it’s useful to have a set of guidelines and there have been occasions on which it’s been necessary to remind people of them.   I use the figure of 10,000 advisedly since the Code of Conduct applies to us all, those on the CERN payroll as well as users of the lab’s facilities and people working for CERN contractors, as long as they are acting on CERN’s behalf. The Code also applies to us whether we are on the CERN site or anywhere else. CERN is a major presence in the region. The way we behave can have a significant influence on how our neighbours perceive us, and how the la...

  20. Mechanism of Telomerase Inhibition Using a Small Inhibitory RNAs and Induction of Breast Tumor Cell Sensitization

    Science.gov (United States)

    2007-04-01

    immunoprecipitation; TnT- transcription and translation. References Cited Barik , S. 2004. Control of nonsegmented negative-strand RNA virus replication by siRNA...Virus Res. 102: 27-35. Barquinero, J . et al. 2004. Retroviral vectors: new applications for an old tool. Gene Ther. 11(suppl 1): S3-S9...proteins and heterochromatin. Oncogene. 21: 553-563. Chen, J -L., Blasco, M.A., and Greider, C.W. 2000. Secondary structure of vertebrate telomerase RNA

  1. Sisetülides Res Publica heitis liidu Keskerakonnaga kõrvale / Urmas Seaver

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Seaver, Urmas, 1973-

    2005-01-01

    Res Publica juhatus otsustas toetada senise koalitsiooni jätkamist Tallinnas. Res Publica ja Reformierakonna täiendatud koalitsioonileppest. Reformierakonna Tallinna piirkonna juhi Keit Pentuse hinnang võimutülile. Lisa: Võimuleppe lisa

  2. The performances of standard and ResMed masks during bag-valve-mask ventilation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Hyoung Youn; Jeung, Kyung Woon; Lee, Byung Kook; Lee, Seung Joon; Jung, Yong Hun; Lee, Geo Sung; Min, Yong Il; Heo, Tag

    2013-01-01

    A tight mask seal is frequently difficult to obtain and maintain during single-rescuer bag-valve-mask (BVM) ventilation. The ResMed mask (Bella Vista, NSW, Australia) is a continuous-positive-airway-pressure mask (CM) designed for noninvasive ventilation. In this study, we compared the ventilation performances of a standard mask (SM) and a ResMed CM using a simulation manikin in an out-of-hospital single-rescuer BVM ventilation scenario. Thirty emergency medical technicians (EMTs) performed two 2-minute attempts to ventilate a simulation manikin using BVM ventilation, alternatively, with the SM or the ResMed CM in a randomized order. Ventilation parameters including tidal volume and peak airway pressure were measured using computer analysis software connected to the simulation manikin. Successful volume delivery was defined as delivery of 440-540 mL of tidal volume in accord with present cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines. BVM ventilation using the ResMed CM produced higher mean (± standard deviation) tidal volumes (452 ± 50 mL vs. 394 ± 113 mL, p = 0.014) and had a higher proportion of successful volume deliveries (65.3% vs. 26.7%, p < 0.001) than that using the SM. Peak airway pressure was higher in BVM ventilation using the ResMed CM (p = 0.035). Stomach insufflation did not occur during either method. Twenty-nine of the participants (96.7%) preferred BVM ventilation using the ResMed CM. BVM ventilations using ResMed CM resulted in a significantly higher proportion of successful volume deliveries meeting the currently recommended range of tidal volume. Clinical studies are needed to determine the value of the ResMed CM for BVM ventilation.

  3. Biossorção de azul de metileno utilizando resíduos agroindustriais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andressa C. Honorato

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho avaliou a capacidade de adsorção do corante azul de metileno nos resíduos da palha de milho e da bainha do palmito pupunha in natura. A caracterização dos resíduos foi determinada utilizando-se a microscopia eletrônica de varredura e espectroscopia na região do infravermelho a qual indicou a presença de grupos carboxílicos, hidroxila e carbonila. O tempo necessário para que o sistema atingisse o equilíbrio para ambos os resíduos foi de 240 min, seguindo uma cinética descrita pelo modelo de pseudo-segunda ordem. A capacidade máxima de adsorção foi de 102,8 mg g-1 para o resíduo da palha de milho, seguindo o modelo de isoterma de Langmuir e 50,9 mg g-1 para o resíduo de palmito pupunha, sendo que o modelo que melhor se ajusta foi Freundlich. Desta forma, esses resíduos são promissores para a adsorção do corante azul de metileno em efluentes.

  4. Res Publica hakkab kaaluma Kohtla-Järve võimuliidust lahkumist / Erik Gamzejev

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Gamzejev, Erik, 1967-

    2002-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Severnoje Poberezhje 19. nov. lk. 1. Res Publica eestseisuse ettepanek Kohtla-Järve osakonnale lahkuda koalitsioonist. Osakonna juhatuse otsus esitada Hants Hint volikogu esimehe kandidaadiks. Res Publica liikmete käitumise arutelu aukohtus

  5. Resúmenes Presentaciones de Pósteres

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Editor Gabriel Vargas Arana

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se pueden encontrar los resúmenes de las presentaciones de pósteres del III Congreso Latinoamericano de Plantas Medicinales, desarrollado del 12 al 14 de agosto de 2015 en la ciudad de Iquitos, Perú.

  6. Res Publicat on täna vaja rohkem kui kunagi varem / Taavi Veskimägi

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Veskimägi, Taavi, 1974-

    2005-01-01

    Res Publica esimees seab erakonnale ülesandeks selgitada inimestele, et Res Publicat võib usaldada. Ta selgitab, et Res Publica parempoolne poliitika tähendab ka hoolimist nendest, kes ei saa endaga hakkama. Vt. samas: Viimased kampaaniapäevad

  7. Res Publica nõuab veel üht abilinnapea kohta / Urmas Seaver

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Seaver, Urmas, 1973-

    2005-01-01

    Tallinna linnapea Tõnis Palts on seisukohal, et Reformierakond surus koalitsiooni moodustamisel Res Publicale peale ebaõiglase vastutusvaldkondade jaotuse. Res Publica peasekretär Ott Lumi ei välista võimuliidu loomist Keskerakonnaga, kui Reformierakond järeleandmisi ei tee. ERL tegi ettepaneku kokku kutsuda erakondade ümarlaud. Vt. samas intervjuud Ott Lumiga

  8. Valorisation par voie hydrométallurgique de Matières Premières Secondaires Valorization of Secondary Raw Materials by hydrometallurgical way

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Meux Eric

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available Cet exposé s'intéressera à la récupération par voie hydrométallurgique de métaux contenus dans les Matières Premières Secondaires. Dans un premier temps seront abordées des généralités sur les Métaux Critiques, leur taux de recyclage et les gisements identifiés. Deux exemples de traitement seront ensuite développés : le traitement de catalyseurs d'hydrotraitement et le traitement de poudres métallifères issues de broyats d'accumulateurs par couplage électrolixiviation/électrodéposition. This talk will focus on the hydrometallurgical recovery of metals contained in secondary raw materials. At first, generalities about critical metals, their recycling rate and their identified supply will be addressed. Two examples of hydrometallurgical treatment will be then developed: the treatment of spent hydrotreating catalysts and the treatment of electrodes powders coming from grinding of spent batteries by coupling electroleaching/electrodeposition.

  9. Wave fronts, pulses and wave trains in photoexcited superlattices behaving as excitable or oscillatory media

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Arana, J I; Bonilla, L L; Grahn, H T

    2011-01-01

    Undoped and strongly photoexcited semiconductor superlattices with field-dependent recombination behave as excitable or oscillatory media with spatially discrete nonlinear convection and diffusion. Infinitely long, dc-current-biased superlattices behaving as excitable media exhibit wave fronts with increasing or decreasing profiles, whose velocities can be calculated by means of asymptotic methods. These superlattices can also support pulses of the electric field. Pulses moving downstream with the flux of electrons can be constructed from their component wave fronts, whereas pulses advancing upstream do so slowly and experience saltatory motion: they change slowly in long intervals of time separated by fast transitions during which the pulses jump to the previous superlattice period. Photoexcited superlattices can also behave as oscillatory media and exhibit wave trains. (paper)

  10. Revisiting support policies for RES-E adulthood: Towards market compatible schemes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Huntington, Samuel C.; Rodilla, Pablo; Herrero, Ignacio; Batlle, Carlos

    2017-01-01

    The past two decades of growth in renewable energy sources of electricity (RES-E) have been largely driven by out-of-market support policies. These schemes were designed to drive deployment on the basis of specific subsidies sustained in time to allow for the larger costs as well as to limit investor risk. While these policies have proven to be effective, the way they have been designed to date has led to costly market distortions that are becoming more difficult to ignore as penetrations reach unpreceded levels. In the context of this growing concern, we provide a critical analysis of the design elements of RES-E support schemes, focusing on how they affect this trade-off between promoting and efficiently integrating RES-E. The emphasis is on the structure of the incentive payment, which in the end turns to be the cornerstone for an efficient integration. We conclude that, while needed, a well-designed and further developed capacity-based support mechanism complemented with ex-post compensations defined for reference benchmark plants, such as the mechanism currently implemented in Spain, is an alternative with good properties if the major goal is truly market integration. The approach is robust to future developments in technology cost, performance and market penetration of RES-E. - Highlights: • Market distortions due to RES support mechanisms are becoming difficult to ignore. • This paper provides a critical analysis of the design elements of RES support schemes. • The emphasis is on the structure of the incentive, key for an efficient integration. • We argue in favor of a further developed capacity-based support mechanism. • The incentive should be combined with the design of a set of reference plants.

  11. ResStock Analysis Tool | Buildings | NREL

    Science.gov (United States)

    Energy and Cost Savings for U.S. Homes Contact Eric Wilson to learn how ResStock can benefit your approach to large-scale residential energy analysis by combining: Large public and private data sources uncovered $49 billion in potential annual utility bill savings through cost-effective energy efficiency

  12. Res, aliquid and nihil in Suárez and modern philosophy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leopoldo Prieto López

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available the main relevant philosophical aspect in Suárez’s interpretation of the transcendentals is his doctrine of the notions res and aliquid. therefore, after analyzing the nature and the number of the transcendentals, as well as the relationship between them and the first principles, the article goes into a detailed historical analysis of the notions res and aliquid. With precedents in Avicenna and Duns Scotus, the ens is understood according to Suarez, negatively, as it is not nothing and, in such sense, it is something (aliquid and, positively, as it has got a quidditas and, therefore, it is res. the question of nothing (nihil is thus introduced into modern metaphysics. What’s more, the said interpretation is one of the fundamental conditions of the transformation of metaphysics in modern ontology. thus, in the post- Cartesian context of Schulmetaphysik, and its aliquitas (as non-nihil and its quiditative character (as res being presumed, the ens will be understood as an intelligible. through that, a Copernican revolution commenced that anticipated Kant himself.

  13. Translation and validation of the Malay version of Shiffman-Jarvik withdrawal scale and cessation self-efficacy questionnaire: a review of psychometric properties

    OpenAIRE

    Teo, Eng Wah; Lee, Yuin Yi; Khoo, Selina; Morris, Tony

    2015-01-01

    Background Smoking tobacco is a major concern in Malaysia, with 23.1% of Malaysian adults smoking tobacco in 2012. Withdrawal symptoms and self-efficacy to quit smoking have been shown to have significant effects on the outcomes of smoking cessation. The Shiffman-Jarvik Withdrawal Scale (Psychopharmacology, 50: 35-39, 1976) and the Cessation Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (Cognitive Ther Res 5: 175-187, 1981) are two questionnaires that have been widely used in various smoking cessation research...

  14. The architecture of gene regulatory variation across multiple human tissues: the MuTHER study.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexandra C Nica

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available While there have been studies exploring regulatory variation in one or more tissues, the complexity of tissue-specificity in multiple primary tissues is not yet well understood. We explore in depth the role of cis-regulatory variation in three human tissues: lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL, skin, and fat. The samples (156 LCL, 160 skin, 166 fat were derived simultaneously from a subset of well-phenotyped healthy female twins of the MuTHER resource. We discover an abundance of cis-eQTLs in each tissue similar to previous estimates (858 or 4.7% of genes. In addition, we apply factor analysis (FA to remove effects of latent variables, thus more than doubling the number of our discoveries (1,822 eQTL genes. The unique study design (Matched Co-Twin Analysis--MCTA permits immediate replication of eQTLs using co-twins (93%-98% and validation of the considerable gain in eQTL discovery after FA correction. We highlight the challenges of comparing eQTLs between tissues. After verifying previous significance threshold-based estimates of tissue-specificity, we show their limitations given their dependency on statistical power. We propose that continuous estimates of the proportion of tissue-shared signals and direct comparison of the magnitude of effect on the fold change in expression are essential properties that jointly provide a biologically realistic view of tissue-specificity. Under this framework we demonstrate that 30% of eQTLs are shared among the three tissues studied, while another 29% appear exclusively tissue-specific. However, even among the shared eQTLs, a substantial proportion (10%-20% have significant differences in the magnitude of fold change between genotypic classes across tissues. Our results underline the need to account for the complexity of eQTL tissue-specificity in an effort to assess consequences of such variants for complex traits.

  15. Hierarchical architecture of ReS_2/rGO composites with enhanced electrochemical properties for lithium-ion batteries

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Qi, Fei; Chen, Yuanfu; Zheng, Binjie; He, Jiarui; Li, Qian; Wang, Xinqiang; Lin, Jie; Zhou, Jinhao; Yu, Bo; Li, Pingjian; Zhang, Wanli

    2017-01-01

    Highlights: • The ReS_2/rGO composites have been synthesized by a facile one-pot method. • The ReS_2/rGO composites exhibit hierarchical architecture. • The ReS_2/rGO composites deliver better electrochemical performances than ReS_2. • The enhanced performance is due to porous and conductive structure of ReS_2/rGO. - Abstract: Rhenium disulfide (ReS_2), a two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor, has attracted more and more attention due to its unique anisotropic electronic, optical, mechanical properties. However, the facile synthesis and electrochemical property of ReS_2 and its composite are still necessary to be researched. In this study, for the first time, the ReS_2/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites have been synthesized through a facile and one-pot hydrothermal method. The ReS_2/rGO composites exhibit a hierarchical, interconnected, and porous architecture constructed by nanosheets. As anode for lithium-ion batteries, the as-synthesized ReS_2/rGO composites deliver a large initial capacity of 918 mAh g"−"1 at 0.2 C. In addition, the ReS_2/rGO composites exhibit much better electrochemical cycling stability and rate capability than that of bare ReS_2. The significant enhancement in electrochemical property can be attributed to its unique architecture constructed by nanosheets and porous structure, which can allow for easy electrolyte infiltration, efficient electron transfer, and ionic diffusion. Furthermore, the graphene with high electronic conductivity can provide good conductive passageways. The facile synthesis approach can be extended to prepare other 2D transition metal dichalcogenides semiconductors for energy storage and catalytic application.

  16. Regulatory design for RES-E support mechanisms: Learning curves, market structure, and burden-sharing

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Batlle, C.; Pérez-Arriaga, I.J.; Zambrano-Barragán, P.

    2012-01-01

    Drawing from relevant experiences in power systems around the world, this paper offers a review of existing policy support mechanisms for RES-E, with a detailed analysis of their regulatory implications. While recent studies provide an account of current RES-E support systems, in this paper we focus on some of the impacts these mechanisms have on the overall energy market structure and its performance. Given the rising importance of RES-E in systems everywhere, these impacts should no longer be overlooked. - Highlights: ► This paper offers a critical review of RES-E support mechanisms and their regulatory implications. ► The discussion focuses on how the different schemes impact the performance of the energy markets. ► We propose to redesign of current RES-E mechanisms to optimize incentives and market performance. ► Our recommendation is also to gradually move from price-based mechanisms to auctions.

  17. Copépodes, Cladocères et Rotifères du lac Sidi M'hamed Benali (Algérie Nord-Occidentale

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mohamed Ali Bouzidi

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available En 2008, 33 espèces de Cladocères, Copépodes et Rotifères ont été observées dans le lac Sidi M'hamed Benali (contre 12 seulement en 1992.Les Copépodes dominent en mars, avril, juillet, août et septembre, avec respectivement des dominances (Do égales à : 56,6 %, 55,0 %, 55,0 %, 46,4 % et 90,0 %. Les Cladocères dominent en février (Do = 37,2 %, mai (Do = 47,4 % et décembre (Do = 48,6 %. Les Rotifères sont extrêmement abondants et présentent une large dominance en janvier (Do = 95,3 %. La population zooplanctonique est très faible en juillet et en août. Au cours de l'année le peuplement varie en fonction de la température, des conditions hydrologiques, de l'abondance de la nourriture et de la prédation par les poissons.In 2008, 33 species of Cladocers, Copepods and Rotifers have been observed in Sidi M’hamed Benali Lake (against only 12 species in 1992. The Copepods dominate in March, April, July, August and September, respectively with dominance (Do equal to 56.6 %, 55.0 %, 55.0 %, 46.4 % and 90.0 %. Cladocers dominated in February (Do = 37.2 %, May (Do = 47.4 % and December (Do = 48.6 %. The rotifers are extremely abundant and have a wide dominance in January (Do = 95.3%. The zooplankton population is very low in July and August. During the year, the population varies with temperature, water conditions, abundance of food and predation by fishes.

  18. Res Publica tähistab sünnipäeva konverentsiga / Lauri Tankler

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tankler, Lauri

    2003-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Võta Võim : na russkom jazõke 3. dets. lk. 3. Res Publica saab 2-aastaseks, mille puhul korraldatakse konverents "Riik ja Res Publica". Vt. samas: Selle aasta veebruaris said kuldmärgid

  19. Res Publica presidendikandidaatide nimed selguvad neljapäevaks / Rauno Veri, Urmo Kübar

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Veri, Rauno, 1978-

    2006-01-01

    Res Publica, Isamaaliit, Reformierakond, SDE ja Keskerakond otsivad ühist presidendikandidaati, ainsa parlamendierakonnana ei osale läbirääkimistel Rahvaliit. Reformierakonna, SDE presidendikandidaatidest; Res Publica naiskogu ja Väärikate Kogu ühisavaldusest

  20. Cardiovascular Small Heat Shock Protein HSPB7 Is a Kinetically Privileged Reactive Electrophilic Species (RES) Sensor.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Surya, Sanjna L; Long, Marcus J C; Urul, Daniel A; Zhao, Yi; Mercer, Emily J; EIsaid, Islam M; Evans, Todd; Aye, Yimon

    2018-02-08

    Small heat shock protein (sHSP)-B7 (HSPB7) is a muscle-specific member of the non-ATP-dependent sHSPs. The precise role of HSPB7 is enigmatic. Here, we disclose that zebrafish Hspb7 is a kinetically privileged sensor that is able to react rapidly with native reactive electrophilic species (RES), when only substoichiometric amounts of RES are available in proximity to Hspb7 expressed in living cells. Among the two Hspb7-cysteines, this RES sensing is fulfilled by a single cysteine (C117). Purification and characterizations in vitro reveal that the rate for RES adduction is among the most efficient reported for protein-cysteines with native carbonyl-based RES. Covalent-ligand binding is accompanied by structural changes (increase in β-sheet-content), based on circular dichroism analysis. Among the two cysteines, only C117 is conserved across vertebrates; we show that the human ortholog is also capable of RES sensing in cells. Furthermore, a cancer-relevant missense mutation reduces this RES-sensing property. This evolutionarily conserved cysteine-biosensor may play a redox-regulatory role in cardioprotection.

  1. Res-Parity: Parity Violation in Inelastic scattering at Low Q2

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Paul Reimer; Peter Bosted; John Arrington; Hamlet Mkrtchyan; Xiaochao Zheng

    2006-01-01

    Parity violating electron scattering has become a well established tool which has been used, for example, to probe the Standard Model and the strange-quark contribution to the nucleon. While much of this work has focused on elastic scattering, the RES-Parity experiment, which has been proposed to take place at Jefferson Laboratory, would focus on inelastic scattering in the low-Q 2 , low-W domain. RES-Parity would search for evidence of quark-hadron duality and resonance structure with parity violation in the resonance region. In terms of parity violation, this region is essentially unexplored, but the interpretation of other high-precision electron scattering experiments will rely on a reasonable understanding of scattering at lower energy and low-W through the effects of radiative corrections. RES-Parity would also study nuclear effects with the weak current. Because of the intrinsic broad band energy spectrum of neutrino beams, neutrino experiments are necessarily dependent on an untested, implicit assumption that these effects are identical to electromagnetic nuclear effects. RES-Parity is a relatively straight forward experiment. With a large expected asymmetry (∼ 0.5 x 10 -4 ) these studies may be completed with in a relatively brief period

  2. Distribution of costs induced by the integration of RES-E power

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Barth, Ruediger; Weber, Christoph; Swider, Derk J.

    2008-01-01

    This article focuses on the distribution of costs induced by the integration of electricity generation from renewable energy sources (RES-E). The treatment to distribute these costs on different market actors is crucial for its development. For this purpose, individual actors of electricity markets and several cost categories are identified. According to the defined cost structure, possible treatments to distribute the individual cost categories on different relevant actors are described. Finally, an evaluation of the cost distribution treatments based on an economic analysis is given. Economic efficiency recommends that clearly attributable (shallow) grid connection as well as (deep) grid costs are charged to the corresponding RES-E producer and that the RES-E producers are also charged the regulating power costs. However, deep grid integration costs should be updated to reflect evolving scarcities. Also regulating power costs should reflect actual scarcity and thus be symmetric and based on real-time prices, taking into account the overall system imbalance. Moreover, the time span between the closure of the spot market and actual delivery should be chosen as short as possible to enable accurate RES-E production forecasts

  3. Mobilidade de metais pesados em solo tratado com resíduo siderúrgico ácido

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    N. M. B. Amaral Sobrinho

    1998-06-01

    Full Text Available Amostras do horizonte Bt de um Podzólico Vermelho-Amarelo (PV, predominante no aterro-piloto de resíduos industriais (ARSI da Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (CSN, foram acondicionadas, em 1992, em colunas de vidro com 5,4 cm de diâmetro e 37 cm de altura. Sobre essas amostras de solo foram colocadas amostras de um resíduo ácido da CSN na proporção solo-resíduo de 4:1 (conforme a concepção básica do projeto do ARSI. Tal sistema resíduo-solo foi lixiviado com 50 volumes-poro de água deionizada, com pH 4,5, com o objetivo de avaliar a movimentação de Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd e Pb nas colunas. Depois da lixiviação, removeu-se o resíduo do topo das colunas, e seccionaram-se as amostras de solo em 4 partes iguais. Os metais pesados das amostras do resíduo e do solo foram extraídos seqüencialmente. 0 Pb, Cu e Cr mobilizados do resíduo ficaram retidos nos primeiros 5 cm da coluna de solo. 0 Zn, Mn, Ni e Cd tiveram aumento da concentração em profundidade. Nos efluentes das colunas com o resíduo, foram observadas concentrações de Mn e Ni bem superiores aos padrões permitidos pela Fundação Estadual de Engenharia do Meio Ambiente (FEEMA, 1985.

  4. Epidemiology of Chronic Wasting Disease: PrP(res) Detection, Shedding, and Environmental Contamination

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Williams, Elizabeth S; Miller, Michael W; Lewis, Randolf V; Raisbeck, Merl F; Cook, Walter W

    2004-01-01

    .... The specific goals of these studies are to develop sensitive as says for PrP(exp res) as a marker for infectivity, and use these techniques to monitor the dynamics and modes of shedding of PrP(exp res...

  5. Room temperature synthesis of ReS2 through aqueous perrhenate sulfidation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Borowiec, Joanna; Gillin, William P.; Willis, Maureen A. C.; Boi, Filippo S.; He, Y.; Wen, J. Q.; Wang, S. L.; Schulz, Leander

    2018-02-01

    In this study, a direct sulfidation reaction of ammonium perrhenate (NH4ReO4) leading to a synthesis of rhenium disulfide (ReS2) is demonstrated. These findings reveal the first example of a simplistic bottom-up approach to the chemical synthesis of crystalline ReS2. The reaction presented here takes place at room temperature, in an ambient and solvent-free environment and without the necessity of a catalyst. The atomic composition and structure of the as-synthesized product were characterized using several analysis techniques including energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The results indicated the formation of a lower symmetry (1Tʹ) ReS2 with a low degree of layer stacking.

  6. Res Publica jäi järjekordselt ilma mitmest nimekast liikmest / Tuuli Koch, Kärt Anvelt

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Koch, Tuuli

    2005-01-01

    Oma lahkumiset Res Publicast teatasid erakonna esimene esimees Rein Taagepera, tema abikaasa Mare Taagepera, akadeemik Jaan Einasto ja 2002. aastal erakonna esimeheks kandideerinud Lauri Aaspõllu. Rein Taagepera põhjendas otsust Res Publica liikumisega paremtsentrist paremäärmusse. Lisa: Tuntud inimesi, kes seni Res Publicast lahkunud. Vt. samas lühiintervjuud Jaan Einastoga: Res Publica peab tegema koostööd

  7. Riigikogu aseesimeeste valimine tekitas paksu verd : Res Publical riigikogu juhatuses kaks kohta / Katrin Pauts

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Pauts, Katrin, 1977-

    2005-01-01

    Riigikogu aseesimeesteks valiti Res Publica liige Taavi Veskimägi ja Keskerakonna liige Toomas Varek. Opositsiooniparteil Res Publica on nüüd juhatuses kaks kohta. Erakondade juhtpoliitikute kommentaare

  8. Recherche de marqueurs lipidiques aptes à montrer l’absence de tissus nerveux dans les matières premières des gélatines d’os

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Combe Nicole

    2002-09-01

    Full Text Available La gélatine est fabriquée à partir de deux catégories de matières premières, dénommées « os lourds » et « os légers », obtenues après dégraissage, séchage, broyage, puis tamisage d’os frais de bœuf, à l’exclusion de matériaux à risques vis-à-vis de l’encéphalopathie spongiforme bovine (cerveaux, yeux, amygdales et moelle épinière. L’objectif de cette étude était d’identifier un ou plusieurs constituants lipidiques spécifiques des tissus nerveux, et principalement de la moelle épinière, permettant de vérifier l’absence de tissus nerveux dans les matières premières utilisées pour la fabrication de gélatine. Pour cela, la composition lipidique de la moelle épinière a été comparée à celle des matières premières de gélatine. La pertinence d’un paramètre (p, vis-à-vis d’une source donnée, a été évaluée par la valeur du facteur : F (p = [p]moelle épinière/[p] OS, qui est le rapport entre sa concentration dans les lipides de moelle épinière et celle dans la source osseuse considérée. Plus la valeur de F est élevée, plus le paramètre est pertinent. Trois paramètres ont été ciblés sur la base de leur caractère spécifique des tissus nerveux par rapport aux graisses d’os : (1 les phospholipides (PL; (2 les acides gras à très longues chaînes (AGTLC = 20:0 + 20:1 + 22:0 + 22:1 n-9 + 23:0 + 24:0 + 24:1 n-9 ; (3 les alcools gras, analysés sous la forme de dérivés diméthyl acétals (DMA. Eu égard aux matières premières servant à la fabrication de gélatine, la valeur de FPL varie de 8 à 15, celle de FAGTLC de 25 à 41. La valeur de FDMA est égale à 26 vis-à-vis des « os légers », elle est infiniment grande vis-à-vis des « os lourds » puisque, dans cette matière première, les DMA sont indétectables. Ainsi pour cette catégorie de matière première, le paramètre DMA s’avère le plus adapté pour détecter du matériel d’origine nerveuse (moelle épinière.

  9. Ühendpartei Res Publica tiib oli häältekogumisel Isamaast pisut edukam

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2007-01-01

    Ühenderakonna Res Publica tiiva kandidaadid said Riigikogu valimistel umbes tuhat häält rohkem kui Isamaaliidu tiiva kandidaadid, samas oli IRL-i valimisnimekirjas Res Publica tiiva kandidaate ka mõne inimese võrra rohkem. Isamaaliidu edukaimad hääletoojad

  10. Ressources minières en Afrique : Quelle réglementation pour le ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Ressources minières en Afrique : Quelle réglementation pour le développement ? Couverture du livre Ressources minières en Afrique : Quelle réglementation pour le développement ? Directeur(s):. Bonnie Campbell. Maison(s) d'édition: Presses de l'Université du Québec, CRDI. 6 juillet 2009. ISBN : 9782760525214.

  11. Resíduos de aves e suínos: Potencialidades

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tiago Luan Hachmann

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available O crescimento intenso da população mundial aumenta a demanda por alimentos. As carnes de frango e de suíno são as fontes mais exploradas de proteína na alimentação humana. Porém, com os métodos intensivos de produção, esses sistemas tem gerado insatisfação quanto ao aspecto ambiental e tem sido questionados quanto à sua sustentabilidade. A disposição inadequada dos resíduos gerados nos criatórios de suínos e aves afeta diretamente a qualidade do meio ambiente e a saúde pública. Assim deve-se buscar alternativas para minimizar os impactos causados ao meio, melhorando o aproveitamento e destinação desses resíduos. A aplicação desses resíduos nas áreas de produção agrícola é favorável à, tendo em vista que são uma fonte de nutrientes de grande demanda pelas culturas. Além disso é uma forma sustentável para destinação dos resíduos, já que promove seu reaproveitamento de forma a não poluir o ambiente e com alto retorno econômico. Dessa forma é possível aliar preservação ambiental com progresso econômico, promovendo uma produção sustentável.

  12. Unraveling the Raman Enhancement Mechanism on 1T'-Phase ReS2 Nanosheets.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miao, Peng; Qin, Jing-Kai; Shen, Yunfeng; Su, Huimin; Dai, Junfeng; Song, Bo; Du, Yunchen; Sun, Mengtao; Zhang, Wei; Wang, Hsing-Lin; Xu, Cheng-Yan; Xu, Ping

    2018-04-01

    2D transition metal dichalcogenides materials are explored as potential surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates. Herein, a systematic study of the Raman enhancement mechanism on distorted 1T (1T') rhenium disulfide (ReS 2 ) nanosheets is demonstrated. Combined Raman and photoluminescence studies with the introduction of an Al 2 O 3 dielectric layer unambiguously reveal that Raman enhancement on ReS 2 materials is from a charge transfer process rather than from an energy transfer process, and Raman enhancement is inversely proportional while the photoluminescence quenching effect is proportional to the layer number (thickness) of ReS 2 nanosheets. On monolayer ReS 2 film, a strong resonance-enhanced Raman scattering effect dependent on the laser excitation energy is detected, and a detection limit as low as 10 -9 m can be reached from the studied dye molecules such as rhodamine 6G and methylene blue. Such a high enhancement factor achieved through enhanced charge interaction between target molecule and substrate suggests that with careful consideration of the layer-number-dependent feature and excitation-energy-related resonance effect, ReS 2 is a promising Raman enhancement platform for sensing applications. © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  13. Écuyères and "doing gender"

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hedenborg, Susanna; Pfister, Gertrud Ursula

    2012-01-01

    masculinity and horsemanship conveys the impression that women had nothing to do with horses. This is true for many situations. The circus arena, however, seems to have been an exception as women could perform there. At the heart of the performances was not only equestrianism, but also the notion of gender......The purpose of this article is to analyse gender relations in equestrianism from the beginning of the 19th to the first decades of the 20th century. Focus will be on the female horse riding circus artists, the écuyères. The fact that women were circus riders at this time is interesting as in many....... It is even likely that ”doing gender” was an indispensable part of the show, as the allure of the écuyères depended on the embodiment and presentation of seemingly incompatible features: beauty, grace and femininity as well as mastery of an art that was a traditionally male domain....

  14. Experience of the Canary Islands in the development of insular 100% RES systems and micro-grids

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Piernavieja, Gonzalo; Suarez, Salvador; Henriquez, Daniel [Instituto Tecnologico de Canarias (Canary Islands Institute of Technology - ITC), Las Palmas, Gran Canaria (Spain). RandD Div.

    2010-07-01

    Given the mentioned circumstances, conventional energy planning in the Canary Islands is a very complex task. The Regional Energy Plan PECAN (2007-2015) tries to correct the existing critical situation setting, among others, the ambitious goal of >25% electricity from RES (mostly wind) for 2015. In parallel to this conventional energy planning, outstanding initiatives in the distributed generation field are underway. ITC vision is that the Canarian Archipelago, given its particular characteristics (insular systems of different sizes, abundant RES potential -different sources-, important natural and biodiversity heritage, etc.), are a laboratory for testing and demonstrating new energy technologies in real conditions, as well as their commercial implementation. These new technologies include energy storage (particularly for excess RES that cannot be absorbed by the grids), development of 100% energy self- sufficiency models (with exclusive use of RES) and micro-/minigrids with high RES penetration and RES forecasting, including advanced ICTs and sustainable mobility concepts (e.g. V2G technologies). Given the high conventional generation costs and the relatively low RES costs (wind electricity production cost is less than 0.03 Euro/kWh), the Canary Islands could in the short term achieve grid parity, and in this sense pioneer the change to a RES based energy system. Models tested on the islands could be exported or extrapolated to our islands, regions of developing countries and even other regions in continental Europe. (orig.)

  15. Isamaa ja Res Publica Liidu plaan / Juhan Parts

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Parts, Juhan, 1966-

    2008-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Eesti Eest = Za Estoniju : Izdanije objedinenija "Sojuz Otetshestva i Res Publica" 15. mai 2008, lk. 4-5. Eesti majanduse uutest ülesannetest. Kommenteerib: Mart Laar. Vt. samas: IRL-i ettepanekud koalitsioonileppe täienduseks

  16. Combinatorial Clustering Algorithm of Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization and Cloud Model

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mi-Yuan Shan

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available We propose a combinatorial clustering algorithm of cloud model and quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (COCQPSO to solve the stochastic problem. The algorithm employs a novel probability model as well as a permutation-based local search method. We are setting the parameters of COCQPSO based on the design of experiment. In the comprehensive computational study, we scrutinize the performance of COCQPSO on a set of widely used benchmark instances. By benchmarking combinatorial clustering algorithm with state-of-the-art algorithms, we can show that its performance compares very favorably. The fuzzy combinatorial optimization algorithm of cloud model and quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (FCOCQPSO in vague sets (IVSs is more expressive than the other fuzzy sets. Finally, numerical examples show the clustering effectiveness of COCQPSO and FCOCQPSO clustering algorithms which are extremely remarkable.

  17. Uso de resíduos de gesso como corretivo em solo salino-sódico

    OpenAIRE

    Santos, Paulo Medeiros dos; Rolim, Mario Monteiro; Duarte, Anamaria Sousa; Barros, Maria de Fátima Cavalcanti; Silva, Ênio Farias de França e

    2014-01-01

    Um dos grandes problemas enfrentados pelo setor da construção civil é a destinação final de resíduos, principalmente os resíduos de gesso, que têm sua aptidão para reciclagem restringida. No entanto, tais resíduos possuem altos teores de cálcio, em sua composição, podendo ser uma alternativa ao uso de gesso de jazida, na recuperação de solos salino-sódicos. Esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar a eficiência do uso de resíduos de gesso provenientes da construção civil, em relação ao gesso de jazida,...

  18. Hippocampal activity during transient respiratory events in the freely behaving cat

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Poe, G R; Kristensen, Morten Pilgaard; Rector, D M

    1996-01-01

    We measured dorsal hippocampal activity accompanying sighs and apnea using reflectance imaging and electrophysiologic measures in freely behaving cats. Reflected 660-nm light from a 1-mm2 area of CA1 was captured during sighs and apnea at 25 Hz through a coherent image conduit coupled to a charge...

  19. Gestão de resíduos sólidos em restaurante escola

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bianca Peruchin

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Um dos maiores problemas ambientais da atualidade é a excessiva geração de resíduos e a sua destinação final ambientalmente adequada. As Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES são importantes fontes geradoras devido à diversidade de atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão realizadas no seu âmbito. Os Restaurantes Escola (RE atendem à comunidade acadêmica dos campi universitários, e caracterizam-se por produzir resíduos similares aos domésticos, mas em maior quantidade. Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de investigar a composição gravimétrica dos resíduos produzidos em um RE de uma IES localizada no sul do país, bem como conhecer a situação atual do gerenciamento dos resíduos. Os dados foram obtidos através da caracterização dos resíduos do RE durante cinco dias, de entrevista com os gestores responsáveis pelo estabelecimento e da observação direta no local. Averiguou-se a inexistência de um Plano de Gerenciamento dos Resíduos Sólidos no RE, bem como a ausência de práticas efetivas relacionadas ao manejo destes. A segregação dos resíduos é prejudicada devido à falta de lixeiras específicas e a sobrecarga dos funcionários quanto às atividades desempenhadas. Ao longo do período experimental foram caracterizados 547,068 Kg de resíduos, dos quais mais de 80% corresponderam à matéria orgânica. Conclui-se que o montante de resíduo orgânico gerado pode ser destinado à compostagem. Recomenda-se a implantação de uma infraestrutura adequada para o manejo dos resíduos, que pode ser feita através da elaboração e aplicação de um plano de gestão integrada dos resíduos sólidos no RE.Abstract Nowadays, the amount of waste generated and its proper final destination is one of the greatest environmental issues. Higher education institutions are an important source of waste due to the diversity of teaching, researching and extension activities performed in their facilities. The university

  20. Avaliação do gerenciamento dos resíduos de medicamentos e demais resíduos de serviços de saúde na Região Serrana de Santa Catarina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliana Aparecida Souza Amarante

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO A gestão de resíduos dos serviços de saúde (RSS constitui um grande desafio para o poder público, pois, apesar do avanço nos aspectos legislativos, ainda há grandes deficiências, especialmente relacionadas aos resíduos de medicamentos descartados inadequadamente. Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar o processo de descarte de drogas e resíduos dos serviços de saúde humana e veterinária em uma cidade de médio porte da Região Serrana de Santa Catarina. Foram realizadas visitas às unidades participantes, selecionadas por critérios de conveniência, contemplando unidades de saúde municipais, pet shops , clínicas veterinárias, hospital de atendimento humano, hospital de atendimento veterinário e empresas coletoras, totalizando 15 unidades participantes. A coleta de dados ocorreu de março a maio de 2014, com aplicação de questionários e roteiro de observação de campo. Os resultados evidenciaram deficiências no gerenciamento dos resíduos de medicamentos, assim como dos demais resíduos, nas etapas de segregação e armazenamento em instituições de atendimento humano e veterinário, com poucas exceções. As maiores dificuldades foram observadas nos estabelecimentos de atendimento veterinário, especialmente quanto à segregação e ao armazenamento dos resíduos contaminados, à falta de cuidado com material perfurocortante e às normas de biossegurança. A inexistência do Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde nas unidades de saúde e no hospital veterinário, assim como a falta de capacitações aos profissionais, a dissimilaridade no descarte de medicamentos entre os estabelecimentos e a falta de fiscalização por parte dos órgãos competentes foram os principais responsáveis pelo atual cenário de descarte inadequado dos resíduos na região.

  1. Energy and climate hand-in-hand: Financing RES-E support with carbon revenues

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Verde, Stefano F.; Pazienza, Maria Grazia

    2016-01-01

    In Italy, the cost of support for renewable electricity (RES-E) is largely recovered through the “A3 surcharge”, which weighs heavily on electricity bills. Using household survey data, we show the A3 surcharge is markedly regressive. Carbon taxation in the non-ETS sector is envisaged as a means to reduce CO_2 emissions cost-effectively and generate revenue to lower the A3 surcharge. A non-ETS carbon tax would be less regressive than the A3 surcharge and its cost would be more evenly distributed across households. We calculate the revenue of a €20/tCO_2 non-ETS carbon tax would have allowed a cut in the A3 surcharge of about 68% in 2011, and 39% in 2012. The impact of the carbon tax plus the reduced A3 surcharge would have been less regressive, but the cost higher for most households. The restrictions imposed in the simulations mean the results are only appropriate to render first-round effects of the reform. Policy relevance: In the vast majority of the EU Member States, the cost of RES-E support is largely paid by electricity consumers, most often through specific surcharges. Rising electricity prices are a common concern given the implications for competitiveness and equity. The Member States facing this issue could conveniently address it through environmental tax reforms consistent with the Climate and Energy Package. Replacing RES-E surcharges with carbon taxes in the non-ETS sector would permit cost-effective reduction of CO_2 emissions while allocating the cost of RES-E support more equitably. The difference in regressivity would stem from the different consumption patterns of home fuels (including electricity) and motor fuels across income distribution. A cross-country comparison of energy household budget shares proves the structural nature of this difference between home fuels and motor fuels. Moreover, the notion that electricity consumers should pay for RES-E support is questioned on the grounds that electricity is a basic necessity good and RES

  2. Large-Area CVD-Grown Sub-2 V ReS2 Transistors and Logic Gates.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dathbun, Ajjiporn; Kim, Youngchan; Kim, Seongchan; Yoo, Youngjae; Kang, Moon Sung; Lee, Changgu; Cho, Jeong Ho

    2017-05-10

    We demonstrated the fabrication of large-area ReS 2 transistors and logic gates composed of a chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown multilayer ReS 2 semiconductor channel and graphene electrodes. Single-layer graphene was used as the source/drain and coplanar gate electrodes. An ion gel with an ultrahigh capacitance effectively gated the ReS 2 channel at a low voltage, below 2 V, through a coplanar gate. The contact resistance of the ion gel-gated ReS 2 transistors with graphene electrodes decreased dramatically compared with the SiO 2 -devices prepared with Cr electrodes. The resulting transistors exhibited good device performances, including a maximum electron mobility of 0.9 cm 2 /(V s) and an on/off current ratio exceeding 10 4 . NMOS logic devices, such as NOT, NAND, and NOR gates, were assembled using the resulting transistors as a proof of concept demonstration of the applicability of the devices to complex logic circuits. The large-area synthesis of ReS 2 semiconductors and graphene electrodes and their applications in logic devices open up new opportunities for realizing future flexible electronics based on 2D nanomaterials.

  3. A simplified, data-constrained approach to estimate the permafrost carbon-climate feedback: The PCN Incubation-Panarctic Thermal (PInc-PanTher) Scaling Approach

    Science.gov (United States)

    Koven, C. D.; Schuur, E.; Schaedel, C.; Bohn, T. J.; Burke, E.; Chen, G.; Chen, X.; Ciais, P.; Grosse, G.; Harden, J. W.; Hayes, D. J.; Hugelius, G.; Jafarov, E. E.; Krinner, G.; Kuhry, P.; Lawrence, D. M.; MacDougall, A.; Marchenko, S. S.; McGuire, A. D.; Natali, S.; Nicolsky, D.; Olefeldt, D.; Peng, S.; Romanovsky, V. E.; Schaefer, K. M.; Strauss, J.; Treat, C. C.; Turetsky, M. R.

    2015-12-01

    We present an approach to estimate the feedback from large-scale thawing of permafrost soils using a simplified, data-constrained model that combines three elements: soil carbon (C) maps and profiles to identify the distribution and type of C in permafrost soils; incubation experiments to quantify the rates of C lost after thaw; and models of soil thermal dynamics in response to climate warming. We call the approach the Permafrost Carbon Network Incubation-Panarctic Thermal scaling approach (PInc-PanTher). The approach assumes that C stocks do not decompose at all when frozen, but once thawed follow set decomposition trajectories as a function of soil temperature. The trajectories are determined according to a 3-pool decomposition model fitted to incubation data using parameters specific to soil horizon types. We calculate litterfall C inputs required to maintain steady-state C balance for the current climate, and hold those inputs constant. Soil temperatures are taken from the soil thermal modules of ecosystem model simulations forced by a common set of future climate change anomalies under two warming scenarios over the period 2010 to 2100.

  4. Chaos Quantum-Behaved Cat Swarm Optimization Algorithm and Its Application in the PV MPPT

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Xiaohua Nie

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Cat Swarm Optimization (CSO algorithm was put forward in 2006. Despite a faster convergence speed compared with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO algorithm, the application of CSO is greatly limited by the drawback of “premature convergence,” that is, the possibility of trapping in local optimum when dealing with nonlinear optimization problem with a large number of local extreme values. In order to surmount the shortcomings of CSO, Chaos Quantum-behaved Cat Swarm Optimization (CQCSO algorithm is proposed in this paper. Firstly, Quantum-behaved Cat Swarm Optimization (QCSO algorithm improves the accuracy of the CSO algorithm, because it is easy to fall into the local optimum in the later stage. Chaos Quantum-behaved Cat Swarm Optimization (CQCSO algorithm is proposed by introducing tent map for jumping out of local optimum in this paper. Secondly, CQCSO has been applied in the simulation of five different test functions, showing higher accuracy and less time consumption than CSO and QCSO. Finally, photovoltaic MPPT model and experimental platform are established and global maximum power point tracking control strategy is achieved by CQCSO algorithm, the effectiveness and efficiency of which have been verified by both simulation and experiment.

  5. Chaos Quantum-Behaved Cat Swarm Optimization Algorithm and Its Application in the PV MPPT.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nie, Xiaohua; Wang, Wei; Nie, Haoyao

    2017-01-01

    Cat Swarm Optimization (CSO) algorithm was put forward in 2006. Despite a faster convergence speed compared with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, the application of CSO is greatly limited by the drawback of "premature convergence," that is, the possibility of trapping in local optimum when dealing with nonlinear optimization problem with a large number of local extreme values. In order to surmount the shortcomings of CSO, Chaos Quantum-behaved Cat Swarm Optimization (CQCSO) algorithm is proposed in this paper. Firstly, Quantum-behaved Cat Swarm Optimization (QCSO) algorithm improves the accuracy of the CSO algorithm, because it is easy to fall into the local optimum in the later stage. Chaos Quantum-behaved Cat Swarm Optimization (CQCSO) algorithm is proposed by introducing tent map for jumping out of local optimum in this paper. Secondly, CQCSO has been applied in the simulation of five different test functions, showing higher accuracy and less time consumption than CSO and QCSO. Finally, photovoltaic MPPT model and experimental platform are established and global maximum power point tracking control strategy is achieved by CQCSO algorithm, the effectiveness and efficiency of which have been verified by both simulation and experiment.

  6. Soil as a Sustainable Resource for the Bioeconomy - BonaRes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wollschläger, Ute; Amelung, Wulf; Brüggemann, Nicolas; Brunotte, Joachim; Gebbers, Robin; Grosch, Rita; Heinrich, Uwe; Helming, Katharina; Kiese, Ralf; Leinweber, Peter; Reinhold-Hurek, Barbara; Veldkamp, Edzo; Vogel, Hans-Jörg; Winkelmann, Traud

    2017-04-01

    Fertile soils are a fundamental resource for the production of biomass and provision of food and energy. A growing world population and latest climate targets lead to an increasing demand for bio-based products which require preserving and - ideally - improving the long-term productivity of soils as a bio-economic resource. At the same time, other soil functions and ecosystem services need to be maintained: filter for clean water, carbon sequestration, provision and recycling of nutrients, and habitat for biological activity. All these soil functions result from the interaction of a multitude of physical, chemical and biological processes which are insufficiently understood. In addition, we lack understanding about the interplay between the socio-economic system and the soil system and how soil functions benefit human wellbeing, including SDGs. However, a solid and integrated assessment of soil quality requires the consideration of the ensemble of soil functions and its relation to soil management. To make soil management sustainable, we need to establish a scientific knowledge base of complex soil system processes that allows for developing models and tools to quantitatively predict the impact of a multitude of management measures on soil functions. This will finally allow for the provision of options for a site-specific, sustainable soil management. To face this challenge, the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) recently launched the funding program "Soil as a Sustainable Resource for the Bioeconomy - BonaRes". In a joint effort, ten collaborative projects and the coordinating BonaRes Centre are engaged to close existing knowledge gaps for a profound and systemic assessment and understanding of soil functions and their sensitivity to soil management. In BonaRes, the complete process chain of sustainable soil use in the context of a sustainable bio-economy is being addressed: from understanding of soil processes using state-of the art and

  7. Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth of Degenerate p-Type Mo-Doped ReS2 Films and Their Homojunction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Qin, Jing-Kai; Shao, Wen-Zhu; Xu, Cheng-Yan; Li, Yang; Ren, Dan-Dan; Song, Xiao-Guo; Zhen, Liang

    2017-05-10

    Substitutional doping of transition metal dichalcogenide two-dimensional materials has proven to be effective in tuning their intrinsic properties, such as band gap, transport characteristics, and magnetism. In this study, we realized substitutional doping of monolayer rhenium disulfide (ReS 2 ) with Mo via chemical vapor deposition. Scanning transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that Mo atoms are successfully doped into ReS 2 by substitutionally replacing Re atoms in the lattice. Electrical measurements revealed the degenerate p-type semiconductor behavior of Mo-doped ReS 2 field effect transistors, in agreement with density functional theory calculations. The p-n diode device based on a doped ReS 2 and ReS 2 homojunction exhibited gate-tunable current rectification behaviors, and the maximum rectification ratio could reach up to 150 at V d = -2/+2 V. The successful synthesis of p-type ReS 2 in this study could largely promote its application in novel electronic and optoelectronic devices.

  8. BEHAVE: fire behavior prediction and fuel modeling system-BURN Subsystem, part 1

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patricia L. Andrews

    1986-01-01

    Describes BURN Subsystem, Part 1, the operational fire behavior prediction subsystem of the BEHAVE fire behavior prediction and fuel modeling system. The manual covers operation of the computer program, assumptions of the mathematical models used in the calculations, and application of the predictions.

  9. Two-Photon Functional Imaging of the Auditory Cortex in Behaving Mice: From Neural Networks to Single Spines

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ruijie Li

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available In vivo two-photon Ca2+ imaging is a powerful tool for recording neuronal activities during perceptual tasks and has been increasingly applied to behaving animals for acute or chronic experiments. However, the auditory cortex is not easily accessible to imaging because of the abundant temporal muscles, arteries around the ears and their lateral locations. Here, we report a protocol for two-photon Ca2+ imaging in the auditory cortex of head-fixed behaving mice. By using a custom-made head fixation apparatus and a head-rotated fixation procedure, we achieved two-photon imaging and in combination with targeted cell-attached recordings of auditory cortical neurons in behaving mice. Using synthetic Ca2+ indicators, we recorded the Ca2+ transients at multiple scales, including neuronal populations, single neurons, dendrites and single spines, in auditory cortex during behavior. Furthermore, using genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators (GECIs, we monitored the neuronal dynamics over days throughout the process of associative learning. Therefore, we achieved two-photon functional imaging at multiple scales in auditory cortex of behaving mice, which extends the tool box for investigating the neural basis of audition-related behaviors.

  10. Les objectifs et les critères de sélection. Les aptitudes bouchères : croissance, efficacité alimentaire et qualité de la carcasse

    OpenAIRE

    SELLIER, Pierre; BOUIX, J.; Renand, Gilles; MOLENAT, M.

    1992-01-01

    Les programmes de sélection sur les aptitudes bouchères ont un double objectif : l’abaissement du coût de production et l’amélioration de la qualité du produit. Cet article rappelle un certain nombre de données de base sur les aptitudes bouchères : courbe de croissance, évolution de la composition chimique et tissulaire chez l’animal en croissance (notion d’allométrie), énergétique de la croissance (relation entre efficacité alimentaire et croissance musculaire), développement des tissus musc...

  11. Comment rendre les villes plus sûres | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    29 oct. 2015 ... À mi-chemin d'un programme quinquennal de recherche, les experts qui travaillent à l'initiative Villes sûres et inclusives font la lumière sur ce qui fonctionne – et ne fonctionne pas – pour rendre les villes plus sûres. Le présent compte rendu présente certains enseignements tirés de leur travail, ainsi que ...

  12. Loading Intensity Prediction by Velocity and the OMNI-RES 0-10 Scale in Bench Press.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Naclerio, Fernando; Larumbe-Zabala, Eneko

    2017-02-01

    Naclerio, F and Larumbe-Zabala, E. Loading intensity prediction by velocity and the OMNI-RES 0-10 scale in bench press. J Strength Cond Res 32(1): 323-329, 2017-This study examined the possibility of using movement velocity and the perceived exertion as indicators of relative load in the bench press (BP) exercise. A total of 308 young, healthy, resistance trained athletes (242 men and 66 women) performed a progressive strength test up to the one repetition maximum for the individual determination of the full load-velocity and load-exertion relationships. Longitudinal regression models were used to predict the relative load from the average velocity (AV) and the OMNI-Resistance Exercise Scales (OMNI-RES 0-10 scale), considering sets as the time-related variable. Load associated with the AV and the OMNI-RES 0-10 scale value expressed after performing a set of 1-3 repetitions were used to construct 2 adjusted predictive equations: Relative load = 107.75 - 62.97 × average velocity; and Relative load = 29.03 + 7.26 × OMNI-RES 0-10 scale value. The 2 models were capable of estimating the relative load with an accuracy of 84 and 93%, respectively. These findings confirm the ability of the 2 calculated regression models, using load-velocity and load-exertion from the OMNI-RES 0-10 scale, to accurately predict strength performance in BP.

  13. Comentário sobre as Res Gestae Divi Avgvsti

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Luiza Corassin

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available This article studies an epigraphic source, Augustus's Res gestae, which provides elements that elucidate the construction of the imperial power system and the relationship between ruler and ruled.

  14. Re-Evaluation of Constant versus Varied Punishers Using Empirically Derived Consequences

    Science.gov (United States)

    Toole, Lisa M.; DeLeon, Iser G.; Kahng, Sung Woo; Ruffin, Geri E.; Pletcher, Carrie A.; Bowman, Lynn G.

    2004-01-01

    Charlop, Burgio, Iwata, and Ivancic [J. Appl. Behav. Anal. 21 (1988) 89] demonstrated that varied punishment procedures produced greater or more consistent reductions of problem behavior than a constant punishment procedure. More recently, Fisher and colleagues [Res. Dev. Disabil. 15 (1994) 133; J. Appl. Behav. Anal. 27 (1994) 447] developed a…

  15. [Mood induction procedures: a critical review].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gilet, A-L

    2008-06-01

    For a long period in the history of psychological research, emotion and cognition have been studied independently, as if one were irrelevant to the other. The renewed interest of researchers for the study of the relations between cognition and emotion has led to the development of a range of laboratory methods for inducing temporary mood states. This paper aims to review the main mood induction procedures allowing the induction of a negative mood as well as a positive mood, developed since the pioneer study of Schachter and Singer [Psychol Rev 69 (1962) 379-399] and to account for the usefulness and problems related to the use of such techniques. The first part of this paper deals with the detailed presentation of some of the most popular mood induction procedures according to their type: simple (use of only one mood induction technique) or combined (association of two or more techniques at once). The earliest of the modern techniques is the Velten Mood Induction Procedure [Behav Res Ther 6 (1968) 473-482], which involves reading aloud sixty self-referent statements progressing from relative neutral mood to negative mood or dysphoria. Some researchers have varied the procedure slightly by changing the number of the statements [Behav Res Ther 21 (1983) 233-239, Br J Clin Psychol 21 (1982) 111-117, J Pers Soc Psychol 35 (1977) 625-636]. Various other mood induction procedures have been developed including music induction [Cogn Emotion 11 (1997) 403-432, Br J Med Psychol 55 (1982) 127-138], film clip induction [J Pers Soc Psychol 20 (1971) 37-43, Cogn Emotion 7 (1993) 171-193, Rottenberg J, Ray RR, Gross JJ. Emotion elicitation using films. In: Coan JA, Allen JJB, editors. The handbook of emotion elicitation and assessment. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007], autobiographical recall [J Clin Psychol 36 (1980) 215-226, Jallais C. Effets des humeurs positives et négatives sur les structures de connaissances de type script. Thèse de doctorat non publi

  16. Evolving Models of Pavlovian Conditioning: Cerebellar Cortical Dynamics in Awake Behaving Mice

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michiel M. ten Brinke

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Three decades of electrophysiological research on cerebellar cortical activity underlying Pavlovian conditioning have expanded our understanding of motor learning in the brain. Purkinje cell simple spike suppression is considered to be crucial in the expression of conditional blink responses (CRs. However, trial-by-trial quantification of this link in awake behaving animals is lacking, and current hypotheses regarding the underlying plasticity mechanisms have diverged from the classical parallel fiber one to the Purkinje cell synapse LTD hypothesis. Here, we establish that acquired simple spike suppression, acquired conditioned stimulus (CS-related complex spike responses, and molecular layer interneuron (MLI activity predict the expression of CRs on a trial-by-trial basis using awake behaving mice. Additionally, we show that two independent transgenic mouse mutants with impaired MLI function exhibit motor learning deficits. Our findings suggest multiple cerebellar cortical plasticity mechanisms underlying simple spike suppression, and they implicate the broader involvement of the olivocerebellar module within the interstimulus interval.

  17. An Abstract Coalgebraic Approach to Process Equivalence for Well- Behaved Operational Semantics

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Klin, Bartek

    This thesis is part of the programme aimed at finding a mathematical theory of well-behaved structural operational semantics. General and basic results shown in 1997 in a seminal paper by Turi and Plotkin are extended in two directions, aiming at greater expressivity of the framework. The so-call...

  18. RES scintigraphy in polycythemia vera and secondary or relative polycythemia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rudberg, U. (Depts. of Diagnostic Radiology and Internal Medicine, St. Goeran' s Hospital, Stockholm (Sweden)); Skaarberg, K.O. (Depts. of Diagnostic Radiology and Internal Medicine, St. Goeran' s Hospital, Stockholm (Sweden))

    1993-03-01

    Scintigraphy of the reticuloendothelial system (RES) was performed in 19 patients with polycythemia vera (PCV) and in 18 with secondary or relative polycythemia (PS). Bone marrow extension was found in all patients with PCV and in 11 of 18 patients with PS. The patients with PCV had a higher degree of extension than those with PS. Increased pelvic bone marrow activity was found in 16 of 19 PCV patients, but in none with PS. Splenomegaly was found in 9 patients with PCV, and in none with PS. It is concluded that RES scintigraphy in the majority of patients may differentiate between PCV and PS using the parameters pelvic bone marrow activity, bone marrow extension and splenic size. (orig.).

  19. RES scintigraphy in polycythemia vera and secondary or relative polycythemia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rudberg, U.; Skaarberg, K.O.

    1993-01-01

    Scintigraphy of the reticuloendothelial system (RES) was performed in 19 patients with polycythemia vera (PCV) and in 18 with secondary or relative polycythemia (PS). Bone marrow extension was found in all patients with PCV and in 11 of 18 patients with PS. The patients with PCV had a higher degree of extension than those with PS. Increased pelvic bone marrow activity was found in 16 of 19 PCV patients, but in none with PS. Splenomegaly was found in 9 patients with PCV, and in none with PS. It is concluded that RES scintigraphy in the majority of patients may differentiate between PCV and PS using the parameters pelvic bone marrow activity, bone marrow extension and splenic size. (orig.)

  20. Power utility generation portfolio optimization as function of specific RES and decarbonisation targets – EPBiH case study

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kazagic, Anes; Merzic, Ajla; Redzic, Elma; Music, Mustafa

    2014-01-01

    Highlights: • Guidelines for power utilities to reach specific decarbonisation targets offered. • Optimization model of RES share to be introduced into power system is proposed. • Single criteria analysis and multicriteria sustainability assessment are applied. • The optimization method has been demonstrated on a real power system. • In the considered case, HIGH RES scenario showed to be the preferable one. - Abstract: This paper provides guidelines and principles for power utilities to reach specific energy and decarbonisation targets. Method of power generation portfolio optimization, as function of sustainability and decarbonisation, along with appropriate criteria, has been proposed. Application of this optimization method has been demonstrated on a real power system – power utility JP Elektroprivreda BiH d.d. – Sarajevo (EPBiH), a typical example of South East European power system. The software tool WASP IV has been employed in the analysis, in order to define the dynamics and an optimized expansion of generation portfolio of the power system under consideration for the next period. The mid-term generation portfolio development plan for the EPBiH power system until year 2030 has been made during this research, taking into account the shutdown dynamics of existing power units and commissioning new ones, in order to provide safe supply of electric and heat energy for local consumers. Three basic scenario of renewable energy sources (RES) expansion have been analysed to reach specific RES and decarbonisation targets set for 2030, including RES share increase from the current level of 18% up to 35% (LOW RES), 45% (MID RES) and 55% (HIGH RES). Effects to the sustainability are considered through environmental, economic and social indicators. Multicriteria sustainability assessment gave an advantage to the HIGH RES, under assumption of equal weighting factors of economic and environment groups of indicators. Also, single criteria analysis has been

  1. Proposta de um desenho da cadeia reversa para resíduos eletroeletrônicos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Reinaldo Alves de Sá Ferreira Júnior

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Com o crescimento da demanda dos equipamentos eletroeletrônicos e de sua rápida obsolescência, gera-se grande volume de resíduos, os quais possuem metais pesados altamente tóxicos, como o mercúrio, cobre, chumbo, arsênio, entre outros. A implantação da Logística Reversa (LR tem sido uma forma de gestão de grande sucesso, tanto no contexto internacional como nacional, e aliada a Politica Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS tornou-se uma forma mais eficaz para o gerenciamento desses resíduos. Este artigo teve como objetivo, a partir da revisão na literatura referente à LR, PNRS e REEE apresentar atores, atribuições e processos associados, propondo, desta forma, uma estrutura geral para a cadeia de suprimentos reversa de pós-consumo associada aos REEE. A principal contribuição do artigo é proposição de um desenho da cadeia reversa para resíduos Eletroeletrônicos.

  2. Pettumus Res Publicas algas kirikus antud vandest / Margus Tsahkna

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tsahkna, Margus, 1977-

    2005-01-01

    Autori sõnul on Res Publica petnud inimeste põhiväärtustele tuginevaid ootusi, Eesti riik kaugeneb kodanikust ja tema elulistest huvidest. Isamaaliit paneb ette asuda tegelike probleemide lahendamisele ning kutsub erakondi üles kaitsma rahvuslikke huve

  3. The Babee’s Book, or a « lytyl reporte » of how young people should behave (1475

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jérôme Thomas

    2008-08-01

    Full Text Available Résumé : À la fin du Moyen Âge, tout un ensemble de règles d’éducation corporelle se mettent en place en Occident. De nombreux traités, enseignements, ouvrages didactiques et moraux s’intéressent notamment à la manière de contrôler son corps, voire de le dresser pour que l’individu intériorise et incorpore des logiques, des règles, des valeurs qui feront de lui, et aux yeux de son entourage, un être policé et courtois, maître de ses émotions et de ses gestes. Cette littérature tente de diffuser des usages, des significations, des normes sociales dans la société. Elle se donne pour objectif de modeler l’homme, de le transformer et que son corps devienne le produit d’un façonnage social. En définitive, il s’agit d’orienter les comportements de l’individu en société, de l’éduquer aux bonnes manières en enseignant le savoir-vivre. Le Babee’s Book, traité anglo-normand sur l’éducation et la courtoisie diffusé au XVe siècle auprès des jeunes nobles anglais fournit un bon exemple sur le service que doit accomplir le page, l’attitude à adopter en société, auxquels s’ajoutent des préceptes moraux inspirés, entre autre, par Caton. Ce traité sur les bonnes manières s’attarde sur les manières de la table, moment important de la sociabilité médiévale, mais il dispense également des conseils moraux, de nouveaux codes de comportement, de nouvelles règles de vie en société sur l'être et le paraître.Abstract : At the end of the Middle Ages a whole set of rules on corporal education is set up in Western Europe. Numerous treatises, teachings, didactic and moral works take interest in the way one controls his body, even disciplines it, so he can interiorize and assimilate logics, rules, values that will make him, and in the eyes of his entourage, a civilized and courteous being, who is able to keep his actions and his emotions under control. This literature tries to spread customs

  4. The Response Regulator ResD Plays a Role in Metabolism of Listeria monocytogenes

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Larsen, Marianne Halberg; Sørensen, Martine; Ingmer, Hanne

    to be transmitted to food processing plants from where it can establish and survive for extended periods of time contaminating processed food products. Recently we have identified the response regulator ResD of L. monocytogenes and showed that it is important for growth in laboratory media and for sugar uptake...... in the upstream regulatory region of several genes of L. monocytogenes and the binding of the ResD protein to some of these regulatory regions upstream putative target genes is analysed by electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs). In conclusion, the response regulator ResD act is important for metabolisme...

  5. Valorização de resíduos em materiais de construção

    OpenAIRE

    Pinho, Paulo André Martins de

    2014-01-01

    O trabalho desenvolvido nesta dissertação enquadra-se no objetivo geral de valorização de resíduos provenientes de unidades de pasta Kraft de eucalipto, nomeadamente cinzas de fundo e cinzas volantes das fornalhas de biomassa. Atualmente uma das mais graves preocupações das sociedades dos países desenvolvidos passa por encontrar um destino adequado para resíduos gerados. A construção civil, aliada com a indústria da produção de pasta e papel que por ano gera milhares de toneladas de resídu...

  6. A study on the electronic and interfacial structures of monolayer ReS2-metal contacts.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Jin; Yang, Guofeng; Sun, Rui; Yan, Pengfei; Lu, Yanan; Xue, Junjun; Chen, Guoqing

    2017-10-11

    In this paper, we perform a systematic and rigorous study to evaluate the Ohmic nature of the top-contact formed by the monolayer ReS 2 (mReS 2 ) and metals (gold, silver, platinum, nickel, titanium, and scandium) by means of first-principles density functional theory calculations. We investigate the potential barrier, charge transfer and atomic orbital overlap at the mReS 2 -metal interface in consideration of van der Waals forces to understand how efficiently carriers could be injected from the metal contact to the mReS 2 channel. ReS 2 is physisorbed on Au and Ag, which leads to little perturbation of its electronic structures and forms a larger Schottky contact and a higher tunnel barrier at the interface. ReS 2 is chemisorbed on Ti and Sc, where the bonding strongly perturbs the electronic structures and is found to be purely Ohmic. The bonding of ReS 2 on Pt and Ni lies between these two extreme cases, demonstrating an intermediate behavior. These findings not only provide an insight into the mReS 2 -metal interfaces but may also prove to be instrumental in the future design of ReS 2 -based devices with good performance.

  7. Hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos em resíduos sólidos industriais: uma avaliação preliminar do risco potencial de contaminação ambiental e humana em áreas de disposição de resíduos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristina L. S. Sisinno

    Full Text Available A disposição adequada dos resíduos sólidos é importante para evitar que os mesmos se transformem em fonte de contaminação ambiental e humana. A NBR 10.004 - Classificação de Resíduos - lista vários hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs e indica que, a presença de pelo menos um deles na massa bruta do resíduo é suficiente para classificá-lo como resíduo perigoso. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a presença de HPAs em amostras de resíduos sólidos provenientes de alguns segmentos industriais, para se obter uma avaliação preliminar do potencial de contaminação que estes resíduos podem representar, caso não recebam destino adequado. Pelo menos um dos HPAs previstos na NBR 10.004 (benzo[a]antraceno, benzo[a]pireno, benzo[b]fluoranteno, benzo[k]fluoranteno, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pireno, criseno ou fluoranteno foi identificado em todos os resíduos estudados, classificando-os como perigosos. Nossos resultados indicam que todos os resíduos estudados continham HPAs de importância toxicológica, o que implica que sua disposição final seja feita em locais adequados para minimizar os riscos à saúde humana e ambiental oriundos das áreas de disposição de resíduos.

  8. Hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos em resíduos sólidos industriais: uma avaliação preliminar do risco potencial de contaminação ambiental e humana em áreas de disposição de resíduos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sisinno Cristina L. S.

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available A disposição adequada dos resíduos sólidos é importante para evitar que os mesmos se transformem em fonte de contaminação ambiental e humana. A NBR 10.004 - Classificação de Resíduos - lista vários hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs e indica que, a presença de pelo menos um deles na massa bruta do resíduo é suficiente para classificá-lo como resíduo perigoso. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a presença de HPAs em amostras de resíduos sólidos provenientes de alguns segmentos industriais, para se obter uma avaliação preliminar do potencial de contaminação que estes resíduos podem representar, caso não recebam destino adequado. Pelo menos um dos HPAs previstos na NBR 10.004 (benzo[a]antraceno, benzo[a]pireno, benzo[b]fluoranteno, benzo[k]fluoranteno, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pireno, criseno ou fluoranteno foi identificado em todos os resíduos estudados, classificando-os como perigosos. Nossos resultados indicam que todos os resíduos estudados continham HPAs de importância toxicológica, o que implica que sua disposição final seja feita em locais adequados para minimizar os riscos à saúde humana e ambiental oriundos das áreas de disposição de resíduos.

  9. A European Res publica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ola Zetterquist

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available The article analyses the fundamental constitutional enigma of the European Union (EU, namely whether the EU can be considered as a (from its Member States separate and independent constitutional legal order. The EU is often referred to as a legal order sui generis, i.e. of a unique character that defies traditional definitions. More specifically, the notion of an independent and separate EU is at odds with the idea of the sovereign state. The notion of the EU as a legal order sui generis is too much influenced by the models of the sovereign state and sovereignty (in the vein of Thomas Hobbes. The key component in the Hobbesian idea of sovereignty is freedom as non-interference. A sovereign state is consequently a state that is free from, i.e. not interfered with by, external actors like, for example, the EU. Put differently, either the EU is sovereign or the Member States are sovereign. By shifting the perspective to a neo-Roman republican understanding of freedom as non-domination the constitutional picture of the EU will become more nuanced. Res publica is best understood as what citizens hold in common and above their narrow self-interest. According to a republican notion of the constitution the purpose of the law is to eliminate the possibility of arbitrary domination. For that reason, not all interference is to be considered as a restriction of freedom but only those restrictions that cannot be justified according to the res publica. Viewed through the republican prism it can be argued that the EU represents an important advancement in securing freedom as non-domination without implying that the EU must become a state. The fundamental enigma can thus be rephrased as a clash between two diverging concepts of freedom. Whereas the EU will always be at odds with the idea of sovereignty (however framed it will be much easier to reconcile with the republican ideal. DOWNLOAD THIS PAPER FROM SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1837332

  10. Isamaa ja Res Publica liit tõotab neile kõrget kohta edetabelis / Rasmus Kagge

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kagge, Rasmus, 1977-

    2006-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Postimees : na russkom jazõke 10. apr. lk. 7. TNS Emori märtsikuu erakondade populaarsusuuringu tulemused näitavad, et Res Publicaga liituda otsustanud Isamaaliit on tõusnud poliitedetabelis kolmandale kohale. Res Publica reiting on endiselt madal, edetabelit juhib Keskerakond. Diagrammid: Isamaaliit kogub toetajaid tõusvas tempos. Vt. samas: Ühendpartei Eesti Eest! otsib endale uut nime

  11. Res Publica murrab läbi / Urmo Kübar

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kübar, Urmo, 1978-

    2004-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Võta Võim : na russkom jazõke, 28. apr. 2004, lk. 1. 18. aprillil 2004 Tallinnas toimunud Res Publica valimiskonverentsist, kus kinnitati programm ja kandidaadid Euroopa Parlamendi valimisteks. Esinesid Urmas Reinsalu ja Juhan Parts. Vt. samas: Kust tuli 'Murrame läbi'?

  12. Heterozygous Mutations in TREX1 Cause Familial Chilblain Lupus and Dominant Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rice, Gillian; Newman, William G.; Dean, John; Patrick, Teresa; Parmar, Rekha; Flintoff, Kim; Robins, Peter; Harvey, Scott; Hollis, Thomas; O’Hara, Ann; Herrick, Ariane L.; Bowden, Andrew P.; Perrino, Fred W.; Lindahl, Tomas; Barnes, Deborah E.; Crow, Yanick J.

    2007-01-01

    TREX1 constitutes the major 3′→5′ DNA exonuclease activity measured in mammalian cells. Recently, biallelic mutations in TREX1 have been shown to cause Aicardi-Goutières syndrome at the AGS1 locus. Interestingly, Aicardi-Goutières syndrome shows overlap with systemic lupus erythematosus at both clinical and pathological levels. Here, we report a heterozygous TREX1 mutation causing familial chilblain lupus. Additionally, we describe a de novo heterozygous mutation, affecting a critical catalytic residue in TREX1, that results in typical Aicardi-Goutières syndrome. PMID:17357087

  13. Res Publica nõuab Leinatammelt 44 600 krooni / Kadri Jakobson

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Jakobson, Kadri, 1970-

    2005-01-01

    Res Publica nõuab Reformierakonda üle läinud Tarmo Leinatammelt maksmata jäänud liikmemaksu, fraktsioon kutsub teda üles loobuma kohast Riigikogus. Erakonna pressiesindaja Riina Vändre selgitus

  14. An Adaptive Cultural Algorithm with Improved Quantum-behaved Particle Swarm Optimization for Sonar Image Detection.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Xingmei; Hao, Wenqian; Li, Qiming

    2017-12-18

    This paper proposes an adaptive cultural algorithm with improved quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (ACA-IQPSO) to detect the underwater sonar image. In the population space, to improve searching ability of particles, iterative times and the fitness value of particles are regarded as factors to adaptively adjust the contraction-expansion coefficient of the quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization algorithm (QPSO). The improved quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization algorithm (IQPSO) can make particles adjust their behaviours according to their quality. In the belief space, a new update strategy is adopted to update cultural individuals according to the idea of the update strategy in shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA). Moreover, to enhance the utilization of information in the population space and belief space, accept function and influence function are redesigned in the new communication protocol. The experimental results show that ACA-IQPSO can obtain good clustering centres according to the grey distribution information of underwater sonar images, and accurately complete underwater objects detection. Compared with other algorithms, the proposed ACA-IQPSO has good effectiveness, excellent adaptability, a powerful searching ability and high convergence efficiency. Meanwhile, the experimental results of the benchmark functions can further demonstrate that the proposed ACA-IQPSO has better searching ability, convergence efficiency and stability.

  15. Res Publica soovib riigikogulaste kuluhüvitiste korra muutmist / Siim-Valmar Kiisler ; interv. Kalle Muuli

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kiisler, Siim, 1965-

    2003-01-01

    Res Publica saadikud teevad Riigikogu juhatusele ettepaneku muuta kuluhüvitiste korda, teatas intervjuus Res Publica saadikurühma esimees Siim-Valmar Kiisler. Kommenteerivad: Jaanus Männik, Toomas Varek. Vt. samas: Riigikogu liikmete vastuseid küsimustele tööga seotud kulude kohta: Robert Lepikson, Reet Roos, Janno Reiljan

  16. US defensive operations against Libya and the nuclear accident at Chernobyl. Markup before the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, Ninety-Ninth Congress, Second Session on H. Res. 424 and H. Res 440, May 1, 1986

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Anon.

    1986-01-01

    The House Foreign Affairs Committee met to mark up two resolutions: H. Res. 424 and H. Res. 440. H. Res. 424 thanks the United Kingdom for its assistance in the April 14, 1986 operation against Libya. Despite objections to the raid and to including the British, as well as questions about the quality of the US response and about the President's compliance with the Constitution and the War Powers Resolution, the resolution passed. H. Res. 440 expresses sympathy to the victims of the Chernobyl accident and asks the Soviet Union to relax restrictions on communications and the transfer of whatever technology and assistance will be helpful. It also criticizes the Soviet handling of information about the accident. An amendment strengthened the wording of the criticism, and the resolution passed. The report includes the committee discussion and the tests of the two resolutions

  17. Making cities energy efficient. Urban and regional planning adopting RES

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ahonen, A.-M.; David, T.; Dorfner, J. [and others

    2013-06-01

    This report summarises the outcomes of a 30 months duration continuing education project entitled 'Urban Planners with Renewable Energy Skills' (UP-RES). The project was carried out by a multi-disciplinary international consortium with the aim of informing planners and related professionals about energy-efficient and CO{sub 2} reducing technologies, practices and systems that can be developed across urban areas to serve whole communities. This report provides an overview of the key issues: The overall project approach to devising a training program based on preceding training needs analysis The key tasks involved in creating the training materials The marketing of the training as well as evaluation results Best practise examples of RES in urban planning. The UP-RES project has focused on several major target groups. These include those groups directly involved in taking forward renewable energy projects for whom the UP-RES training was principally focused; those who wish to deliver such training programmes; and policy makers who are ultimately responsible for the decisions that govern how widely such technologies will be implemented. Each of these groups has its own perspective concerning renewable energy technologies so the report is structured accordingly: For professionals involved in implementation: Among those professions that are likely to become involved with renewable energy initiatives in urban areas are urban planners, architects, energy suppliers, developers, building owners, and consulting engineers. For these professionals chapters 3.2 (summary of training need analysis) and 4 (best practise examples) are most likely to appeal. For training experts and organisations: Training programmes that address the relevance of renewable energies in urban areas require a comprehensive set of materials. As an example of how to organise training courses and lessons learnt, chapter 3 might be interesting. For the generally interested: Renewable energies are

  18. Facteurs de risque et dépistage du cancer chez les Premières Nations en Ontario

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maegan V. Mazereeuw

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Introduction : L'absence d'identificateurs, dans les bases de données administratives sur la santé, nous empêche de bien comprendre le fardeau du cancer chez les Premières Nations. Notre étude compare les facteurs de risque et le dépistage du cancer chez les membres des Premières Nations en Ontario (vivant dans des réserves et hors réserves et chez les Ontariens non autochtones, en s'appuyant sur deux enquêtes sur la santé. Méthodologie : Les taux normalisés selon l'âge ont été calculés en utilisant la phase 2 de l'Enquête régionale sur la santé des Premières Nations (ERS de 2008-2010 pour les Premières Nations dans des réserves et l'Enquête sur la santé dans les collectivités canadiennes (ESCC de 2007-2013 pour les membres des Premières Nations hors réserves et les Ontariens non autochtones. Des rapports de taux (RT et des tests du chi carré de Pearson (pour les différences de proportion ont été utilisés pour comparer les estimations entre les membres des Premières Nations (dans des réserves et hors réserves et les Ontariens non autochtones. Résultats : Une proportion plus élevée d'hommes, de femmes et d'adolescents des Premières Nations vivant dans des réserves fumaient (RT = 1,97, 2,78 et 7,21 respectivement et souffraient d'obésité (RT = 1,73, 2,33 et 3,29 respectivement, comparativement à leurs homologues non autochtones. Des tendances similaires ont été observées chez les membres des Premières Nations vivant hors réserves. La consommation excessive ponctuelle d'alcool fréquente était également plus répandue chez les hommes et les femmes des Premières Nations vivant dans des réserves (RT = 1,28 et 2,22, respectivement et hors réserves (RT = 1,70 et 1,45, respectivement que chez les Ontariens non autochtones. Les hommes et les femmes des Premières Nations vivant dans des réserves étaient deux fois moins susceptibles de consommer des fruits au moins deux fois par jour et des l

  19. Germinação carpogênica de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum sob diferentes resíduos e extratos de plantas cultivadas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francimar Perez Matheus da Silva

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available Os efeitos de resíduos de plantas cultivadas e seus extratos sobre Sclerotinia sclerotiorum são poucos conhecidos. Três experimentos foram conduzidos, com resíduos de plantas cultivadas e seus extratos etanólicos e suas partições. Resíduos e extratos de culturas de aveia, ervilhaca, feijão, milheto, milho e trigo foram avaliados em condições controladas. Escleródios cobertos com resíduos de aveia, ervilhaca, feijão e milheto não germinaram carpogenicamente. Extratos etanólicos de resíduos de aveia e ervilhaca mostraram-se eficientes na inibição da germinação carpogênica, enquanto que do milheto e do trigo não diferiram da testemunha. Todas as partições de extratos etanólicos avaliadas reduziram a germinação carpogênica. Resíduos vegetais afetaram negativamente o número de apotécios emitidos por escleródio.

  20. Analüütikud ennustavad Res Publicale mõõnast pääsu / Rasmus Kagge

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kagge, Rasmus, 1977-

    2005-01-01

    Poliitikavaatlejate hinnangul ületab Res Publica mõõna ja saab järgmistel parlamendivalimistel kuni 12 kohta, kui nad loobuvad "uue poliitika" stiilis loosungitest ja kõrkusest. Lisa: Mõõna põhjusi. Vt. samas: Taavi Veskimägi lubas lõpetada Res Publica peataoleku

  1. Predicting anxious response to a social challenge: the predictive utility of the social interaction anxiety scale and the social phobia scale in a college population.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gore, K L; Carter, M M; Parker, S

    2002-06-01

    Trait anxiety is believed to be a hierarchical construct composed of several lower-order factors (Adv. Behav. Res. Therapy, 15 (1993) 147; J. Anxiety Disorders, 9 (1995) 163). Assessment devices such as the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale, the Social Phobia Scale (SIAS and SPS; Behav. Res. Therapy, 36 (4) (1998) 455), and the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI; Behav. Res. Therapy, 24 (1986) 1) are good measures of the presumably separate lower-order factors. This study compared the effectiveness of the SIAS, SPS, ASI-physical scale and STAI-T (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press (1970)) as predictors of anxious response to a social challenge (asking an aloof confederate out on a date). Consistent with the hierarchical model of anxiety, the measures of trait anxiety were moderately correlated with each other and each was a significant predictor of anxious response. The specific measures of trait social anxiety were slightly better predictors of anxious response to the social challenge than was either the ASI-physical scale or the STAI-T. The results provide evidence of the predictive validity of these social trait measures and some support for their specificity in the prediction of anxious response to a social challenge.

  2. Application of the RES methodology for identifying features, events and processes (FEPs) for near-field analysis of copper-steel canister

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vieno, T.; Hautojaervi, A.; Raiko, H.; Ahonen, L.; Salo, J.P.

    1994-12-01

    Rock Engineering Systems (RES) is an approach to discover the important characteristics and interactions of a complex problem. Recently RES has been applied to identify features, events and processes (FEPs) for performance analysis of nuclear waste repositories. The RES methodology was applied to identify FEPs for the near-field analysis of the copper-steel canister for spent fuel disposal. The aims of the exercise were to learn and test the RES methodology and, secondly, to find out how much the results differ when RES is applied by two different groups on the same problem. A similar exercise was previously carried out by a SKB group. A total of 90 potentially significant FEPs were identified. The exercise showed that the RES methodology is a practicable tool to get a comprehensive and transparent picture of a complex problem. The approach is easy to learn and use. It reveals the important characteristics and interactions and organizes them in a format easy to understand. (9 refs., 5 figs., 3 tabs.)

  3. A novel vibrotactile system for stimulating the glabrous skin of awake freely behaving rats during operant conditioning.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Devecioğlu, İsmail; Güçlü, Burak

    2015-03-15

    Rat skin is innervated by mechanoreceptive fibers similar to those in other mammals. Tactile experiments with behaving rats mostly focus on the vibrissal system which does not exist in humans. The aim of this study was to design and implement a novel vibrotactile system to stimulate the glabrous skin of behaving rats during operant conditioning. A computer-controlled vibrotactile system was developed for various tasks in which the volar surface of unrestrained rats' fore- and hindpaws was stimulated in an operant chamber. The operant chamber was built from off-the-shelf components. A highly accurate electrodynamic shaker with a novel multi-probe design was used for generating mechanical displacements. Twenty-five rats were trained for four sequential tasks: (A) middle-lever (trial start signal) press, (B) side-lever press with an associated visual cue, (C) similar to (B) with the addition of an auditory/tactile stimulus, (D) auditory/tactile detection (yes/no) task. Out of 9 rats which could complete the tactile version of this training schedule, 5 had over 70% accuracy in the tactile version of the detection task. Unlike actuators for stimulating whiskers, this system does not require a particular head/body alignment and can be used with freely behaving animals. The vibrotactile system was found to be effective for conditioning freely behaving rats based on stimuli applied on the glabrous skin. However, detection accuracies were lower compared to those in tasks involving whisker stimulation reported previously, probably due to differences in cortical processing. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  4. Reinsalu : Res Publica lisab kiirust / Urmas Reinsalu ; interv. Lauri Tankler

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Reinsalu, Urmas, 1975-

    2004-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Võta Võim : na russkom jazõke, 28. apr. 2004, lk. 4. Res Publica esikandidaat Urmas Reinsalu erakonna valimiskampaania eesmärkidest, võimalustest nende eesmärkide saavutamiseks ja erakonna valimisprogrammi ning kandidaatide eelistest konkurentide ees

  5. Long-term Field Experiments as Important Source of Knowledge - Aims of the BonaRes Data Centre

    Science.gov (United States)

    Grosse, Meike; Hierold, Wilfried

    2017-04-01

    BonaRes is short for "soil as a sustainable resource for the bioeconomy". It is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) under the umbrella of the National Research Strategy BioEconomy 2030. BonaRes consists of ten interdisciplinary research project consortia and the 'BonaRes - Centre for Soil Research' (see also Wollschläger et al 2016). It is one task of the BonaRes Data Centre as part of the 'BonaRes - Centre for Soil Research', to collect data and meta-data of agricultural long-term field experiments (LTFE) in Germany. The definition of LTFE in the context of BonaRes is a minimum duration of twenty years and a static design. LTFE are essential research infrastructures for agricultural sciences and soil sciences amongst other disciplines. Some LTFE run since a very long time; the start of the oldest one in Germany was 1878. Therefore, in many cases valuable time series exist. Data sets of LTFE shall be compiled and made publicly available by the BonaRes Data Centre. The public availability together with an easy access will lead to an enhanced usability of the data. This probably makes the LTFE itself more valuable through an improved visibility and may also help to maintain the LTFE. Beyond the data compilation there is the possibility for every data owner to make a data publication, which offers an additional value for the data owner after his first right of use. A first step towards a joint database is a compilation of all existing LTFE in Germany with meta information to each trial. This information is shown in an interactive web map, what is completely new in that context. Besides the exact position of the LTFE the following metadata are shown: name of the LTFE, website (if available), institution, land use category, participation in existing networks, research theme, start (and maybe end) of the trial, and research parameters. Details on the meta information will be presented in the speech. Literature Wollschläger, U; Helming

  6. A lightweight telemetry system for recording neuronal activity in freely behaving small animals

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Schregardus, D.S.; Pieneman, A.W.; ter Maat, A.; Brouwer, T.J.F.; Gahr, M.L.

    2006-01-01

    A miniature lightweight radio telemetric device is described which is shown to be suitable for recording neuronal activity in freely behaving animals. Its size (12 × 5 × 8 mm) and weight (1.0-1.1 g with batteries, 0.4-0.5 g without) make the device particularly suitable for recording neuronal units

  7. A micro-grid operation analysis for cost-effective battery energy storage and RES plants integration

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Barelli, L.; Bidini, G.; Bonucci, F.

    2016-01-01

    Penetration of renewable energy is strongly slowed by its characteristic intermittency and fluctuating trend and by the inadequacy of electricity networks. These issues can be addressed through the development of new or improved storage technologies with higher performance, availability, durability, safety and lower costs. In the present work, micro-grids characterized by the presence of different subsections including renewable plants coupled with batteries storage solution are investigated through the development of a suitable code. Several design conditions and features, related to RES plant, storage system and users, were considered in order to realize a sensitivity analysis aimed to examine, on a yearly base and with one minute time step, interactions among the different micro-grid subsections and to identify the best solutions from both economic and energy point of views. - Highlights: • Storage systems coupling to RES plants is investigated for micro-grids. • Interactions between RES plants, storage batteries and users are analyzed. • Self-consumption increases with storage installation. • Investment pay-back analysis is performed varying plant configurations. • Pay-back reduction up to 30–40% for new RES/Storage integrated installations.

  8. 78 FR 54669 - Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed RES Americas Moapa Solar Energy Center...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-09-05

    ... Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed RES Americas Moapa Solar Energy Center, Clark County, Nevada... environmental impact statement (DEIS) for the proposed RES Americas Moapa Solar Energy Center on the Moapa River... Progress and on the following Web site: www.MoapaSolarEnergyCenterEIS.com . In order to be fully considered...

  9. 195 Evaluation de la charge polluante des rivières des eaux usées ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    kapepula

    ressources financières des pouvoirs publics au niveau local et l'absence de réelles politiques environnementales sont parmi les ... sont collectés vers les quatre rivières. Généralement les aides de la gestion des déchets adéquates protègent la santé humaine et l'environnement et conserve les ressources naturelles [3].

  10. An Improved Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm with Elitist Breeding for Unconstrained Optimization.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Zhen-Lun; Wu, Angus; Min, Hua-Qing

    2015-01-01

    An improved quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization with elitist breeding (EB-QPSO) for unconstrained optimization is presented and empirically studied in this paper. In EB-QPSO, the novel elitist breeding strategy acts on the elitists of the swarm to escape from the likely local optima and guide the swarm to perform more efficient search. During the iterative optimization process of EB-QPSO, when criteria met, the personal best of each particle and the global best of the swarm are used to generate new diverse individuals through the transposon operators. The new generated individuals with better fitness are selected to be the new personal best particles and global best particle to guide the swarm for further solution exploration. A comprehensive simulation study is conducted on a set of twelve benchmark functions. Compared with five state-of-the-art quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization algorithms, the proposed EB-QPSO performs more competitively in all of the benchmark functions in terms of better global search capability and faster convergence rate.

  11. Effective RES blood flow changes in children with homozygous β-thalassemia in relation to blood transfusion

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Karpathios, T.; Dimitriou, P.; Giamouris, J.; Nicolaidou, P.; Antipas, S.E.; Matsaniotis, N.

    1983-01-01

    Denatured radioiodinated human serum albumin (DHA) clearance studies at a dose of 1 mg/kg body wt., were carried out in 16 thalassemic children, prior to and 7-10 days following blood transfusion, to investigate changes of the effective RES blood flow which might accompany the posttransfusion spleen size diminution. A statistically significant increase (P<0.001) of the DHA plasma clearance rate was observed 7-10 days following blood transfusion denoting an increase of the blood flow to the effective RES while at the same time the spleen diminished in size. It is suggested that changes in the effective RES blood flow in these patients are directly related to changes in the intrasplenic circulatory capacity. (orig.)

  12. HiRes camera and LIDAR ranging system for the Clementine mission

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ledebuhr, A.G.; Kordas, J.F.; Lewis, I.T. [and others

    1995-04-01

    Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory developed a space-qualified High Resolution (HiRes) imaging LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) system for use on the DoD Clementine mission. The Clementine mission provided more than 1.7 million images of the moon, earth, and stars, including the first ever complete systematic surface mapping of the moon from the ultra-violet to near-infrared spectral regions. This article describes the Clementine HiRes/LIDAR system, discusses design goals and preliminary estimates of on-orbit performance, and summarizes lessons learned in building and using the sensor. The LIDAR receiver system consists of a High Resolution (HiRes) imaging channel which incorporates an intensified multi-spectral visible camera combined with a Laser ranging channel which uses an avalanche photo-diode for laser pulse detection and timing. The receiver was bore sighted to a light-weight McDonnell-Douglas diode-pumped ND:YAG laser transmitter that emmitted 1.06 {micro}m wavelength pulses of 200 mJ/pulse and 10 ns pulse-width, The LIDAR receiver uses a common F/9.5 Cassegrain telescope assembly. The optical path of the telescope is split using a color-separating beamsplitter. The imaging channel incorporates a filter wheel assembly which spectrally selects the light which is imaged onto a custom 12 mm gated image intensifier fiber-optically-coupled into a 384 x 276 pixel frame transfer CCD FPA. The image intensifier was spectrally sensitive over the 0.4 to 0.8 {micro}m wavelength region. The six-position filter wheel contained 4 narrow spectral filters, one broadband and one blocking filter. At periselene (400 km) the HiRes/LIDAR imaged a 2.8 km swath width at 20-meter resolution. The LIDAR function detected differential signal return with a 40-meter range accuracy, with a maximum range capability of 640 km, limited by the bit counter in the range return counting clock.

  13. Innovation pour la santé des mères et des enfants d'Afrique | CRDI ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    L'initiative Innovation pour la santé des mères et des enfants d'Afrique (ISMEA) cherche à améliorer la santé des mères, des nouveau-nés et des enfants en ... Cette initiative de 36 millions de dollars sur sept ans – financée conjointement par les Instituts de recherche en santé du Canada, Affaires mondiales Canada et le ...

  14. The future has come: the 100% RES driven power system is reality

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Orths, Antje; Borre Eriksen, Peter

    2016-01-01

    The Danish political energy and climate targets fixed in the RES (Renewable Energy Sources) directive require Denmark to reach a 30 % RES share of its total energy consumption in 2020. Besides, Danish national targets aim at wind power production to correspond to 50 % of domestic gross electricity consumption (status in 2015: 42 %). For 2050, the political target is to be free of fossil fuels in the whole energy sector - i.e. including transportation. The major part of variable RES in Denmark is wind energy, the remaining power consumption mainly based on biomass, gas and coal fired central power stations and local CHP plants. Some key figures: at the end of 2015, 5,076 MW wind power capacity and 783 MW of solar power capacity were installed in Denmark, with Danish peak load at ∼6.400 MW and the total electricity consumption at 33.6 TWh. Wind power is split into 3,805 MW onshore and 1.272 MW offshore installations. In 2015, wind power produced 14.1 TWh electricity (9.3 TWh onshore, 4.8 TWh offshore), which made a ∼42 % share of the Danish electricity consumption, while solar power produced 0.6 TWh. The high RES level is already today challenging the system e.g. concerning the need for flexibility on the one hand, or by pushing power plants delivering important system services out of the market on the other hand. To fulfill the political ambitions, new arrangements concerning the technical and market design incentivizing flexibility or ancillary services, such as frequency control and voltage control, are needed and currently under development. This article gives examples and illustrates the urgency by showing a real dispatch in a windy week. (authors)

  15. ResStock - Targeting Energy and Cost Savings for U.S. Homes

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wilson, Eric J [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

    2017-09-29

    The ResStock analysis tool is helping states, municipalities, utilities, and manufacturers identify which home upgrades save the most energy and money. Across the country there's a vast diversity in the age, size, construction practices, installed equipment, appliances, and resident behavior of the housing stock, not to mention the range of climates. These variations have hindered the accuracy of predicting savings for existing homes. Researchers at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) developed ResStock. It's a versatile tool that takes a new approach to large-scale residential energy analysis by combining: large public and private data sources, statistical sampling, detailed subhourly building simulations, high-performance computing. This combination achieves unprecedented granularity and most importantly - accuracy - in modeling the diversity of the single-family housing stock.

  16. Efeito dos resíduos de café seco e fermentado por Monascus ruber no metabolismo de camundongos Apo E

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Larissa Froede Brito

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A aterosclerose é uma doença inflamatória crônica de origem multifatorial que ocorre em resposta à agressão endotelial. O fungo Monascus ruber apresenta atividade hipocolesterolêmica e polifenóis presentes no resíduo de café apresentam atividade antioxidante, podendo auxiliar na prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares. O resíduo de café possui quantidade significativa de açúcares fermentescíveis, constituindo-se em substrato apropriado para o cultivo de fungos. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito dos resíduos de café seco e fermentado por Monascus ruber no metabolismo lipídico de camundongos knockout Apo E. MÉTODOS: O ensaio biológico foi realizado com 30 camundongos knockout para o gene Apo E, divididos em cinco grupos e submetidos a diferentes tratamentos. Foi realizada a prospecção fitoquímica e quantificação de compostos fenólicos dos resíduos fermentado e sem fermentar. O soro dos animais foi analisado utilizando kits enzimáticos e o tecido aórtico incluso em parafina e corado com H/E para realização da análise histopatológica. RESULTADOS: O resíduo de café sem fermentar 2%, em relação ao grupo controle, diminuiu em 42% o nível sérico de triacilgliceróis e em aproximadamente 41% a fração VLDL-c. Os grupos dos animais alimentados com 10% de resíduo não fermentado e 2% de resíduo fermentado diminuíram a área de lesão 10,5% e 15,4%, respectivamente, quando comparados ao controle. O resíduo fermentado apresentou um teor de compostos fenólicos superior ao resíduo não fermentado. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo mostra que a fermentação do resíduo de café apresenta potencial efeito benéfico sobre as doenças cardiovasculares, especialmente a aterosclerose.

  17. Au Cern, premières collisions de protons hier

    CERN Multimedia

    Galeazzi, Juliette

    2009-01-01

    "Hier, les scientifiques du monde entier ont salué le redémarrage du LHC, grand collisionneur de hadrons, au Cern à Genève. Après quatorze mois d'arrêt, à la suite d'une panne, les expériences ont pris et les premières collisions ont eu lieu" (2 pages)

  18. Composição de resíduos de varrição e resíduos carreados pela rede de drenagem, em uma bacia hidrográfica urbana

    OpenAIRE

    Neves,Marllus Gustavo Ferreira Passos das; Tucci,Carlos Eduardo Morelli

    2011-01-01

    Apresentam-se aqui resultados de estudo sobre a composição física de resíduos sólidos de varrição e também daqueles vindos por uma rede de drenagem, em uma bacia hidrográfica urbana, identificando, dentre outros, influências da frequência do serviço de varrição e da época do ano. Os resíduos de varrição foram provenientes de várias partes do solo da bacia e os da rede de drenagem eram retirados de um poço de casa de bombas, para onde convergia todo o escoamento da rede. Alguns resultados inte...

  19. The games economists play: Why economics students behave more selfishly than other students.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Philipp Gerlach

    Full Text Available Do economics students behave more selfishly than other students? Experiments involving monetary allocations suggest so. This article investigates the underlying motives for the economic students' more selfish behavior by separating three potential explanatory mechanisms: economics students are less concerned with fairness when making allocation decisions; have a different notion of what is fair in allocations; or are more skeptical about other people's allocations, which in turn makes them less willing to comply with a shared fairness norm. The three mechanisms were tested by inviting students from various disciplines to participate in a relatively novel experimental game and asking all participants to give reasons for their choices. Compared with students of other disciplines, economics students were about equally likely to mention fairness in their comments; had a similar notion of what was fair in the situation; however, they expected lower offers, made lower offers, and were less willing to enforce compliance with a fair allocation at a cost to themselves. The economics students' lower expectations mediated their allocation decisions, suggesting that economics students behaved more selfishly because they expected others not to comply with the shared fairness norm.

  20. Res Publica üldkogu hääletab poliitilisi resolutsioone / Lauri Tankler

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tankler, Lauri

    2004-01-01

    Res Publica üldkogul hääletusele pandavate resolutsioonide eesmärgiks on teavitada avalikkust erakonna seisukohtadest. Olulisemad resolutsioonid on ette valmistatud ideoloogia, majanduse, hariduse ja sotsiaalpoliitika valdkonnas

  1. Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia as a Complication of Nivolumab Therapy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Palla, Amruth R; Kennedy, Devin; Mosharraf, Hossain; Doll, Donald

    2016-01-01

    Recently, immunotherapeutic drugs, including PD-1 inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab), PD-L1 inhibitors (atezolizumab, avelumab), and CTLA4 inhibitors (ipiliumumab), have emerged as important additions to the armamentarium against certain malignancies and have been incorporated into therapeutic protocols for first-, second-, or third-line agents for these metastatic cancers. Immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab is currently FDA approved for the treatment of patients with metastatic malignant melanoma [Redman et al.: BMC Med 2016;14: 20], metastatic non-small cell lung cancer [Guibert and Mazières: Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015;15: 1789-1797], metastatic renal cell cancer [Farolfi et al.: Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016;12: 1089-1096], and relapsed or refractory classic Hodgkin's lymphoma [Villasboas and Ansell: Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2016;16: 5-12]. Given the current and increasing indications for these drugs, it is essential for all physicians to become well versed with their common adverse effects and to be observant for other less documented clinical conditions that could be unmasked with the use of such medications. A definite association between autoimmune hemolytic anemia and the immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab has not been clearly documented, although a few cases have been reported recently [Kong et al.: Melanoma Res 2016;26: 202-204; Schwab et al.: Case Rep Oncol 2016;9: 373-378; Tardy et al.: Hematol Oncol 2016, DOI: 10.1002/hon.2338]. We report a case of fatal autoimmune hemolytic anemia refractory to steroids in a patient treated with nivolumab for metastatic lung cancer, and reflect on the other reported cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia after the use of nivolumab.

  2. Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia as a Complication of Nivolumab Therapy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amruth R. Palla

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available Recently, immunotherapeutic drugs, including PD-1 inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, PD-L1 inhibitors (atezolizumab, avelumab, and CTLA4 inhibitors (ipiliumumab, have emerged as important additions to the armamentarium against certain malignancies and have been incorporated into therapeutic protocols for first-, second-, or third-line agents for these metastatic cancers. Immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab is currently FDA approved for the treatment of patients with metastatic malignant melanoma [Redman et al.: BMC Med 2016;14: 20], metastatic non-small cell lung cancer [Guibert and Mazières: Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015;15: 1789–1797], metastatic renal cell cancer [Farolfi et al.: Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016;12: 1089–1096], and relapsed or refractory classic Hodgkin’s lymphoma [Villasboas and Ansell: Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2016;16: 5–12]. Given the current and increasing indications for these drugs, it is essential for all physicians to become well versed with their common adverse effects and to be observant for other less documented clinical conditions that could be unmasked with the use of such medications. A definite association between autoimmune hemolytic anemia and the immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab has not been clearly documented, although a few cases have been reported recently [Kong et al.: Melanoma Res 2016;26: 202–204; Schwab et al.: Case Rep Oncol 2016;9: 373–378; Tardy et al.: Hematol Oncol 2016, DOI: 10.1002/hon.2338]. We report a case of fatal autoimmune hemolytic anemia refractory to steroids in a patient treated with nivolumab for metastatic lung cancer, and reflect on the other reported cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia after the use of nivolumab.

  3. CoRes utilization for building PCK in pre-service teacher education on the digestive system topic

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nugraha, Ikmanda

    2017-05-01

    Knowledge of teachers in learning activities in the classroom has a close relationship with how well and how much students learn. Recently, a promising development in teacher education has appeared that centers on the academic construct of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). This study was an exploratory study into a science teacher education program that seeks to build the foundations on which pre-service teachers can begin to build their pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). The program involved the use of Content Representations (CoRes), which was initially applied as component of a strategy for exploring and gaining insights into the PCK of in-service science teachers. This study involved the researcher and 20 students (third year) in a pre-service teacher education course (School Science I) in science education when the students worked to make content analysis on the digestive system topic. During the course, the students make their own CoRes through a workshop for digestive system topic individually, in pairs and whole class discussion. Data were recorded from students' CoRes, student reflective journals, interviews, and field notes recorded in the researcher's reflective journal. Pre-service teachers' comments from interviews and reflective journals were coded in relation to references about: (1) the effectiveness of variety strategies in building the knowledge bases required to design a CoRes and (2) their awareness and/or development of tentative components of future PCK for a digestive system topic as a result of CoRes construction. Observational data were examined for indications of increasing independence and competency on the part of student teachers when locating appropriate information for designing their CoRes. From this study, it is hoped that the pre-service science teachers are able to build knowledge and then transform it into a form of PCK for digestive system topic for their first classroom planning and teaching to teach digestive system

  4. Impacto do manejo dos resíduos da colheita, do preparo do solo e da adubação na produtividade de eucalipto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Frederico Alfenas Silva Valente Paes

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available Tem sido cada vez maior a preocupação das empresas do setor florestal em adotar práticas pautadas na conservação do solo e da água. Nesse sentido, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o impacto do manejo dos resíduos da colheita, do preparo do solo e do uso de resíduos industriais, na fertilidade do solo e produtividade de eucalipto. O experimento foi iniciado após o corte raso de um plantio comercial de EUCALYPTUS GRANDIS, onde os resíduos da colheita foram manejados (retirada de todo o resíduo; remoção da casca e dos galhos com diâmetro superior a 3,0 cm; e manutenção de todos os resíduos na superfície do solo. Em seguida, realizaram-se o preparo do solo (com subsolador de uma e três hastes, a aplicação dos resíduos industriais (resíduo de celulose e cinzas na superfície do solo e o plantio de mudas de EUCALYPTUS GRANDIS X E. UROPHYLLA Foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, contendo oito tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram da combinação dos diferentes tipos de manejo dos resíduos da colheita, preparo do solo e aplicação dos resíduos industriais. Cada parcela experimental foi composta por cinco linhas com 19 plantas cada. Aos 83 meses após o plantio, foram medidos o DAP (diâmetro à altura do peito e a altura das árvores, para cálculo do volume de madeira. A fertilização e a manutenção dos resíduos da colheita florestal elevaram os teores de Ca2+ e Mg2+ trocáveis no solo. A manutenção total dos resíduos vegetais na área após a colheita resultou em aumento de 71,7 m³ ha-1 de madeira, quando comparado à remoção de todos os resíduos. Não houve diferença entre os modos de preparo do solo com subsolador de uma e três hastes, quanto ao volume de madeira. Os maiores volumes de madeira foram obtidos dos tratamentos que receberam as maiores quantidades de resíduo de celulose e cinzas, ao mesmo tempo em que foi mantida parte do resíduo vegetal após a colheita

  5. Resíduos culturais e resultado de análise de solo coletado com diferentes amostradores no sistema de plantio direto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Escosteguy Pedro Alexandre Varella

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available Uma das características do sistema de plantio direto é o acúmulo de resíduos culturais na superfície do solo. Embora as recomendações técnicas preconizem a remoção desses resíduos antes da amostragem de solo, isso não ocorre quando a amostragem é efetuada utilizando o quadriciclo. Os resíduos culturais também podem ser misturados com a amostra de solo quando esse é amostrado com o trado manual e esses resíduos não são removidos da superfície do solo. Neste trabalho, estudou-se a influência dos resíduos culturais da superfície do solo nos resultados da análise de solo sob plantio direto. Amostraram-se solos com e sem a remoção de resíduos culturais da superfície. Esses procedimentos foram testados em solos contendo baixo e alto teor de argila, amostrados com o trado calador e o quadriciclo, após o cultivo de soja e milho. A influência dos resíduos culturais no resultado da análise de solo foi, em geral, pouco expressiva, variando com o tipo de amostrador, de resíduo e teor de argila do solo. Nas amostras coletadas com o quadriciclo, foi possível detectar diferenças no teor de matéria orgânica (MO em função dos procedimentos de amostragem testados, entretanto, isso não ocorreu nas amostras coletadas com o calador. Na presença dos resíduos culturais, o teor de MO aumentou em 4g kg-1 (solo com baixo teor de argila e cultivado com soja e em 5g kg-1 (solo com alto teor de argila e cultivado com milho. Com exceção dos teores de MO, a presença dos resíduos culturais não interferiu na interpretação dos outros atributos analisados.

  6. Low-Frequency Noise in Layered ReS2 Field Effect Transistors on HfO2 and Its Application for pH Sensing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liao, Wugang; Wei, Wei; Tong, Yu; Chim, Wai Kin; Zhu, Chunxiang

    2018-02-28

    Layered rhenium disulfide (ReS 2 ) field effect transistors (FETs), with thickness ranging from few to dozens of layers, are demonstrated on 20 nm thick HfO 2 /Si substrates. A small threshold voltage of -0.25 V, high on/off current ratio of up to ∼10 7 , small subthreshold swing of 116 mV/dec, and electron carrier mobility of 6.02 cm 2 /V·s are obtained for the two-layer ReS 2 FETs. Low-frequency noise characteristics in ReS 2 FETs are analyzed for the first time, and it is found that the carrier number fluctuation mechanism well describes the flicker (1/f) noise of ReS 2 FETs with different thicknesses. pH sensing using a two-layer ReS 2 FET with HfO 2 as a sensing oxide is then demonstrated with a voltage sensitivity of 54.8 mV/pH and a current sensitivity of 126. The noise characteristics of the ReS 2 FET-based pH sensors are also examined, and a corresponding detection limit of 0.0132 pH is obtained. Our studies suggest the high potential of ReS 2 for future low-power nanoelectronics and biosensor applications.

  7. Meta-cognitive beliefs as a mediator for the relationship between Cloninger's temperament and character dimensions and depressive and anxiety symptoms among healthy subjects.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gawęda, Łukasz; Kokoszka, Andrzej

    2014-05-01

    Previous studies suggest that temperament and character may impact depression and anxiety through dysfunctional cognition. This study targets the mediating role of meta-cognitive beliefs in the relationship between Cloninger's temperament and character dimensions and symptoms of depression and anxiety. One hundred and sixty-one healthy subjects filled out Cloninger's Temperament Character Inventory (TCI), a Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Correlation and mediation analyses according to Baron and Kenny's method were performed. Harm avoidance (HA) and self-directedness (SD) were related to depression and anxiety. HA was related to negative beliefs about uncontrollability of thoughts and to beliefs about cognitive confidence. SD was associated with the same types of meta-cognitive beliefs and with general negative beliefs. Cooperativeness (CO) was related to positive beliefs about worry, beliefs about cognitive confidence and to general negative beliefs. Self-transcendence (ST) was related to all types of meta-cognitive beliefs. Mediation analysis revealed that the relationship between HA and depression and anxiety is partially mediated by certain types of meta-cognitive beliefs. The same results were obtained for the relationship between SD and depression and anxiety. General negative beliefs fully mediated the relationship between CO and depression and the relationship between ST and anxiety. Meta-cognitive beliefs mediate the relationship between temperament and character dimension and depressive and anxiety symptoms, thus providing further evidence for the meta-cognitive theory of emotional disorders as presented by Wells and Matthews (Behav Res Ther 1996;32:867-870). Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  8. Sleep patterns and insomnia among adolescents: a population-based study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hysing, Mari; Pallesen, Ståle; Stormark, Kjell M; Lundervold, Astri J; Sivertsen, Børge

    2013-10-01

    The aim of the current study was to examine sleep patterns and rates of insomnia in a population-based study of adolescents aged 16-19 years. Gender differences in sleep patterns and insomnia, as well as a comparison of insomnia rates according to DSM-IV, DSM-V and quantitative criteria for insomnia (Behav. Res. Ther., 41, 2003, 427), were explored. We used a large population-based study in Hordaland county in Norway, conducted in 2012. The sample included 10,220 adolescents aged 16-18 years (54% girls). Self-reported sleep measurements included bedtime, rise time, time in bed, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset, rate and frequency and duration of difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep and rate and frequency of tiredness and sleepiness. The adolescents reported short sleep duration on weekdays (mean 6:25 hours), resulting in a sleep deficiency of about 2 h. A majority of the adolescents (65%) reported sleep onset latency exceeding 30 min. Girls reported longer sleep onset latency and a higher rate of insomnia than boys, while boys reported later bedtimes and a larger weekday-weekend discrepancy on several sleep parameters. Insomnia prevalence rates ranged from a total prevalence of 23.8 (DSM-IV criteria), 18.5 (DSM-V criteria) and 13.6% (quantitative criteria for insomnia). We conclude that short sleep duration, long sleep onset latency and insomnia were prevalent in adolescents. This warrants attention as a public health concern in this age group. © 2013 European Sleep Research Society.

  9. A reciclagem de resíduos plásticos pós-consumo em oito empresas do Rio Grande do Sul

    OpenAIRE

    Aline Marques Rolim

    2000-01-01

    O tema do presente estudo é a reciclagem de resíduos plásticos pós-consumo. Resíduos pósconsumo são resíduos provenientes do descarte de produtos pelos consumidores A sua reciclagem permite a recuperação do seu valor econômico, através do seu reaproveitamento como matéria-prima, e a redução do volume de resíduos a serem dispostos em aterros, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Além disso, esta atividade tende a crescer, uma vez que o consumo do plástico vem aumentando no Brasil, ...

  10. Further developments of the RES3T sorption database

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Brendler, V.

    2002-01-01

    RES 3 T - the Rossendorf expert system for surface and sorption thermodynamics currently under development has been expanded towards the provision of comprehensive sorption data sets suitable for complex natural systems of rocks and soils. Also a statistical evaluation of the available SCM (surface complexation model) data is now implemented. Finally, a normalization of SCM parameters to a standard site density has been incorporated. (orig.)

  11. Polymères en ambiance nucléaire comportement à long terme

    CERN Document Server

    Audouin, Ludmila; Fayolle, Bruno; Richaud, Emmanuel; Verdu, Jacques

    2012-01-01

    Ce livre présente des outils théoriques originaux, indispensables pour ta prédiction de la durée de vie des matériaux polymères en ambiance nucléaire. Le problème de vieillissement des polymères est avant tout un problème d'ingénieur, dont la préoccupation majeure est la prédiction de durée de vie selon des critères pertinents du point de vue de l'application. Partant de ce constat, les auteurs ont focalisé leur intérêt sur les aspects les plus souvent négligés dans les ouvrages classiques mais cruciaux : la modélisation cinétique de l'oxydation radio-amorcée à faible débit de dose et les conséquences de l'irradiation sur les propriétés thermomécaniques. Ces deux aspects font l'objet de développements qui confèrent à l'ouvrage son originalité, lui permettant d'être un complément utile aux ouvrages classiques. Présenté de manière claire et pédagogique, cet ouvrage permettra à l'étudiant de Master, au jeune chercheur comme à l'ingénieur de rejoindre un courant de reche...

  12. Pareto-Ranking Based Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization for Multiobjective Optimization

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Na Tian

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available A study on pareto-ranking based quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO for multiobjective optimization problems is presented in this paper. During the iteration, an external repository is maintained to remember the nondominated solutions, from which the global best position is chosen. The comparison between different elitist selection strategies (preference order, sigma value, and random selection is performed on four benchmark functions and two metrics. The results demonstrate that QPSO with preference order has comparative performance with sigma value according to different number of objectives. Finally, QPSO with sigma value is applied to solve multiobjective flexible job-shop scheduling problems.

  13. Who benefits from cooperation? A numerical analysis of redistribution effects resulting from cooperation in European RES-E support

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Unteutsch, Michaela

    2014-01-15

    This paper numerically analyzes redistribution effects resulting from cooperation among European countries in achieving the 2020 targets for electricity generation from renewable energy sources (RES-E). The quanti cation of redistribution effects builds on the theoretical analysis by Unteutsch (2014), who shows that cooperation in RES-E support increases overall welfare but is not beneficial for all groups. In this paper, we use a dynamic investment and dispatch optimization model of the European electricity system to investigate which groups potentially benefit from cooperation and which groups would be worse off compared to a situation in which national RES-E targets are reached solely by domestic RES-E production. In the analysis, cooperation in RES-E support is implemented as a European-wide green certificate trading scheme. Main findings of the analysis include that in the European electricity system, effects of the change in the certificate price in most countries would overcompensate for the effects of the change in the wholesale electricity price. Thus, in most countries with comparatively high (low) generation costs for renewable energies, consumer rents increase (decrease) due to cooperation and producers yield lower (higher) profits. In addition, it is found that the magnitude of redistribution effects between the individual groups is quite large: In some countries, the change in consumer rents or producer profits resulting from cooperation is nearly twice as high as the overall welfare effect of cooperation in the whole European electricity system. Moreover, we find that the sign, but not always the magnitude, of redistribution effects is quite robust to different developments of interconnector extensions, the CO{sub 2} price and RES-E investment costs.

  14. Who benefits from cooperation? A numerical analysis of redistribution effects resulting from cooperation in European RES-E support

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Unteutsch, Michaela

    2014-01-01

    This paper numerically analyzes redistribution effects resulting from cooperation among European countries in achieving the 2020 targets for electricity generation from renewable energy sources (RES-E). The quanti cation of redistribution effects builds on the theoretical analysis by Unteutsch (2014), who shows that cooperation in RES-E support increases overall welfare but is not beneficial for all groups. In this paper, we use a dynamic investment and dispatch optimization model of the European electricity system to investigate which groups potentially benefit from cooperation and which groups would be worse off compared to a situation in which national RES-E targets are reached solely by domestic RES-E production. In the analysis, cooperation in RES-E support is implemented as a European-wide green certificate trading scheme. Main findings of the analysis include that in the European electricity system, effects of the change in the certificate price in most countries would overcompensate for the effects of the change in the wholesale electricity price. Thus, in most countries with comparatively high (low) generation costs for renewable energies, consumer rents increase (decrease) due to cooperation and producers yield lower (higher) profits. In addition, it is found that the magnitude of redistribution effects between the individual groups is quite large: In some countries, the change in consumer rents or producer profits resulting from cooperation is nearly twice as high as the overall welfare effect of cooperation in the whole European electricity system. Moreover, we find that the sign, but not always the magnitude, of redistribution effects is quite robust to different developments of interconnector extensions, the CO 2 price and RES-E investment costs.

  15. Tesis doctorales 2012-2013 : Serie resúmenes

    OpenAIRE

    Di Gregori, María Cristina

    2014-01-01

    En continuidad con la publicación de Serie Resúmenes, Tesis Doctorales, la Universidad Nacional de La Plata presenta un nuevo libro que contiene información sobre las tesis defendidas y aprobadas correspondiente a los doctores titulados en el período 2012-2013. Como señalarámos en nuestro volumen inaugural, esta publicación se inscribe en el marco de la revalorización que sostiene nuestra institución respecto del valor de la comunicación y difusión del conocimiento; en este caso, la producció...

  16. Emissão de metano por decomposição de resíduo florestal inundado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria M. V. Zanoni

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available A construção de represas pode aumentar a emissão de gases do efeito estufa (GEE, principalmente metano (CH4 pela decomposição anaeróbica dos resíduos florestais, como galhos, ramos, folhas e miscelânea inundados. Objetivou-se, neste estudo, avaliar a emissão de CH4 após a inundação do solo coberto com resíduos florestais. Unidades experimentais foram construídas com tubos de PVC contendo solo e diferentes combinações de dose (0; 21,2; 42,3 e 64,1 Mg ha-1 e tipo de resíduos (folhas, ramos e miscelânea, galhos e composição original e água de rio. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com arranjo fatorial e três repetições. As taxas de emissão de CH4 foram monitoradas em 19 eventos durante um ano (Fevereiro/2012 a Março/2013. Cerca de 75 dias após a incubação do solo com resíduos florestais verificou-se aumento das emissões de CH4, ocorrendo dois picos de emissão, aos 111 e aos 249 dias. A emissão acumulada de CH4 no primeiro ano de alagamento foi de 200 g C m-2 na dose zero, passando a valores próximos a 400 g C m-2 nas doses de 21,2 Mg ha-1 e maiores, não havendo efeito do tipo de resíduo, apenas da dose, como fator isolado.

  17. Teneurs azotée et minérale des espèces fourragères dominantes et ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    SARAH

    31 mars 2016 ... sous abri, bien aérés, sans contact direct avec le soleil. Ils doivent être compacts et durs. RESULTATS. Teneur en Matières Azotées : Les résultats des analyses de la teneur en matières azotées des espèces. Bulbostylis laniceps,. Hyparrhenia wombaliensisi, Trachypogon spicatus et Ctenium newtonii.

  18. Innovative method of RES integration into the regional energy development scenarios

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Klevas, Valentinas; Biekša, Kestutis; Murauskaitė, Lina

    2014-01-01

    Scarcity or abundance of energy resources usually depends on physical and geographical conditions in the region. However, the energy flow in the region also depends on the efficient use of energy resources, the consumption rate of energy and the possibility to use local renewable and non-renewable energy resources. Production, distribution and the use of energy resources in the region are the challenges for central and local government, business and social service, customers and other stakeholders. Development of regional energy economy should be optimized according to the available energy flow in the region using a network system analysis method, which provides solutions for developing sustainable energy economy models. The network system analysis method enables to optimize the use of local and renewable resources at the regional level and reveals available local energy resources. An efficient use of available regional resources and the use of renewable energy sources (RES) should be the main goals for the development of regional energy system. RES can compete with traditional fossil fuel with the condition that all hidden aspects are revealed. The network system analysis method enables to indicate energy flows in the region as well as indicate pros and cons of using renewable energy technologies. - Highlights: • RES integration into the regional energy development scenarios is done. • Innovative process network system (PNS) analysis method is used. • PNS method is used to optimize the use of local and renewable resources. • Analysis of energy flow in region using PNS method is done

  19. Resíduos sólidos em um sistema de drenagem urbana no município de Santa Maria (RS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Delmira Beatriz Wolff

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO Com o crescimento da população e o consequente aumento da urbanização, o lançamento de resíduos sólidos nos sistemas de drenagem urbana tem aumentado nos últimos anos, principalmente nas regiões periféricas das cidades. Este estudo teve como objetivo qualificar e quantificar os resíduos sólidos no arroio Cancela-Tamandai, localizado em área urbana, no município de Santa Maria (RS. Foram coletados ao todo 1.153,2 kg de resíduos sólidos com uma precipitação pluviométrica total para o período de novembro de 2012 a janeiro de 2013 de 518,94 mm, sendo, desses, 93,9% composto por matéria orgânica, sendo a maioria vegetação. O arroio Cancela-Tamandai apresentou uma carga de resíduos sólidos igual a 17,27 ou 0,424 kg.hab-1.ano-1. A curva de previsão de resíduos sólidos orgânicos drenados em função da precipitação pluviométrica apresentou correlação de 76,4%, um parâmetro importante para a tomada de decisão dos gestores municipais em relação aos resíduos sólidos gerados. Assim, conceber estratégias para o monitoramento desses resíduos representa passo importante na busca de soluções que visem um melhor gerenciamento de bacias hidrográficas urbanas.

  20. Isolamento do ruído de impacto com resíduos de PET e PNEU - Análise preliminar de dados

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Luiza de U. Carvalho

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available O crescimento populacional tem gerado diversos problemas na sociedade contemporânea. Dentre eles estão o aumento do descarte de resíduos urbanos e a carência de moradia de baixo custo. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar a potencialidade da utilização de dois resíduos sólidos na confecção de pisos flutuantes para redução do ruído de impacto através de parcerias com Furnas Centrais Elétricas e UFG. As amostras foram confeccionadas com o flake de garrafas PET e a raspa de pneus inservíveis aplicados em misturas cimentícias nas proporções de 1:4 e 1:5 (cimento: resíduo. Estas tinham espessuras diferentes sobre as quais tiveram a colocação de um contrapiso móvel com dois tipos de revestimento cerâmico. Para os ensaios foram consultadas a ISO 140-7 quanto aos procedimentos de medição para os níveis de pressão sonora de impacto (L’nT e a ISO 717-2 para a determinação do valor único ponderado (L’nT,w. Dentre os resultados, 5 amostras com PET obtiveram L’nT,w superior às demais amostras. Conclui-se que as amostras com resíduo de PET tiveram desempenho superior às amostras com resíduo de pneu. Contudo, ambos resíduos possuem um uso potencial na aplicação de pisos flutuantes nas proporções estudadas, porém necessitam maiores estudos para aplicação técnica. Palavras-Chave: isolamento do ruído de impacto, resíduo de PET, resíduo de pneu.

  1. Medical negligence and res ipsa loquitur in South Africa | Patel ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    The inter-relationship between Medicine and Law is most commonly brought to the fore by cases involving medical negligence. This relationship needs to protect all parties concerned based on the probability of reasonableness in terms of who performs the act as well as the patient affected by the act in question. The res ...

  2. Do Students Behave Rationally in Multiple Choice Tests? Evidence from a Field Experiment

    OpenAIRE

    María Paz Espinosa; Javier Gardeazabal

    2013-01-01

    A disadvantage of multiple choice tests is that students have incentives to guess. To discourage guessing, it is common to use scoring rules that either penalize wrong answers or reward omissions. In psychometrics, penalty and reward scoring rules are considered equivalent. However, experimental evidence indicates that students behave differently under penalty or reward scoring rules. These differences have been attributed to the different framing (penalty versus reward). In this paper, we mo...

  3. Les Dynamiques Transfrontalières En Afrique De L'ouest

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Si l'approche « classique » de l'intégration régionale, qui a jusqu'à ... mettre en exergue une réalité territoriale matérialisée par l'existence d'une frontière ...... La demande alimentaire des métropoles côtières stimule ainsi la production des ...

  4. Resúmenes de proyectos de grado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Revista Ingeniería e Investigación

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Para la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Bogotá los trabajos desarrollados por los estudiantes con la dirección de docentes como condición para obtener su título profesional, expresan la dinámica de las investigaciones y las áreas de conocimiento en la que están comprometidos los diferentes estamentos de la facultad, Es por esta razón que la revista Ingeniería e Investigación comenzará a publicar, a partir de la fecha los resúmenes de los trabajos de pregrado y las tesis de posgrado que permanentemente se están desarrollando en la Facultad de Ingeniería.

  5. Avaliação de resíduos lignocelulósicos para a produção de Pleurotus eryngii, Lentinus sajor caju e Lentinula edodes

    OpenAIRE

    Claudia Paganelli Lacerda de Azevedo

    2000-01-01

    Pleurotus eryngii, Lentinus sajor caju e Lentinula edodes foram produzidos, em condições controladas, com resíduos lignocelulósicos em seis composições; (1) resíduo sólido de indústria de cerveja+ bagaço de cana de açúcar + sais minerais (2) resíduo sólido de indústria de cerveja + serragem de euca/yptus + sais minerais (3) resíduo sólido de indústria de cerveja + palha de arroz + sais minerais (4) resíduo sólido de indústria de cerveja + bagaço de cana de açúcar (5) resíduo sólido de indústr...

  6. Taani ristisõjad Läänemere ääres / Linda Kaljundi

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kaljundi, Linda

    2007-01-01

    Raamatututvustus: Taani ristisõjad - sõda ja misjon Läänemere ääres / John H. Lind, Carsten Selch Jensen, Kurt Villads Jensen, Ane L. Bysted ; tõlkijad Ivar Rüütli ja Kalle Kroon ; teaduslik toimetaja ja järelsõna: Linda Kaljundi. Tallinn : Argo, 2007

  7. Les déterminants de l’attractivité territoriale des entreprises manufacturières et logistiques étrangères : application à la ville de Tanger – Maroc

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abbes Elhasbi

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available L’objectif de cet article est de proposer les principaux facteurs d’attractivité des investisseurs étrangers dans les secteurs manufacturiers et logistiques de la ville de Tanger au Maroc. Notre modèle conceptuel a été élaboré à partir d’une revue de littérature et d’entretiens avec un échantillon de dirigeants des petites et moyennes entreprises (PME étrangères. Notre analyse empirique est réalisée à partir des données issues d’une enquête menée auprès des dirigeants des entreprises étrangères (manufacturières et logistiques installées à la ville de Tanger. L’utilisation de l’approche Partial least squares (PLS nous a permis de tester les liens de causalité entre les divers facteurs politiques, économiques, sociaux, technologiques, environnementaux et juridiques (Pestel. L’intérêt scientifique de notre modèle est de présenter aux décideurs de la ville de Tanger des recommandations afin d’améliorer le développement et l’attractivité des investissements étrangers dans les deux secteurs logistique et manufacturier.

  8. Mineralização de nitrogênio em latossolos adubados com resíduos orgânicos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Waldete Japiassu de Oliveira Carneiro

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available A taxa de mineralização do nitrogênio (N varia de um resíduo orgânico para outro, evidenciando-se dependente da sua composição química e interação do material orgânico com o solo. Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a dinâmica de mineralização de N de resíduos orgânicos incubados em Latossolos. O experimento foi conduzido no período de julho de 2007 a abril de 2008, sendo incubadas amostras de estercos, lodos, compostos, substrato e turfa em areia lavada, Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (LVA e Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico (LVdf, com 240 e 670 g kg-1 de argila, respectivamente. O N mineralizado foi avaliado medindo-se os teores de N-NH4+ e N-NO3- em lixiviados coletados aos 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240 e 270 dias de incubação. A mineralização de N ocorreu a maiores taxas nos períodos iniciais de incubação. O N mineralizado (33 a 199,2 mg kg-1 após 270 dias de incubação é regulado pelos teores de N total e de carbono solúvel em água dos resíduos orgânicos. Independentemente do meio utilizado para incubação, os estercos de galinha e de codorna propiciaram os maiores teores de N mineralizado nos Latossolos. À exceção dos estercos de galinha e codorna, há imobilização líquida de N no LVA; mineralização líquida de N é verificada no LVdf, para todos os resíduos orgânicos. Em relação às formas de N disponibilizadas pelos resíduos, predomina o N-nitrato, sendo a proporção N-nítrico/N-amoniacal dependente da mistura solo-resíduo estudada.

  9. Polytypism and unexpected strong interlayer coupling in two-dimensional layered ReS2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Qiao, Xiao-Fen; Wu, Jiang-Bin; Zhou, Linwei; Qiao, Jingsi; Shi, Wei; Chen, Tao; Zhang, Xin; Zhang, Jun; Ji, Wei; Tan, Ping-Heng

    2016-04-01

    Anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) layered materials, with both scientific interest and application potential, offer one more dimension than isotropic 2D materials to tune their physical properties. Various physical properties of 2D multi-layer materials are modulated by varying their stacking orders owing to significant interlayer vdW coupling. Multilayer rhenium disulfide (ReS2), a representative anisotropic 2D material, was expected to be randomly stacked and lack interlayer coupling. Here, we demonstrate two stable stacking orders, namely isotropic-like (IS) and anisotropic-like (AI) N layer (NL, N > 1) ReS2 are revealed by ultralow- and high-frequency Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence and first-principles density functional theory calculation. Two interlayer shear modes are observed in AI-NL-ReS2 while only one shear mode appears in IS-NL-ReS2, suggesting anisotropic- and isotropic-like stacking orders in IS- and AI-NL-ReS2, respectively. This explicit difference in the observed frequencies identifies an unexpected strong interlayer coupling in IS- and AI-NL-ReS2. Quantitatively, the force constants of them are found to be around 55-90% of those of multilayer MoS2. The revealed strong interlayer coupling and polytypism in multi-layer ReS2 may stimulate future studies on engineering physical properties of other anisotropic 2D materials by stacking orders.Anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) layered materials, with both scientific interest and application potential, offer one more dimension than isotropic 2D materials to tune their physical properties. Various physical properties of 2D multi-layer materials are modulated by varying their stacking orders owing to significant interlayer vdW coupling. Multilayer rhenium disulfide (ReS2), a representative anisotropic 2D material, was expected to be randomly stacked and lack interlayer coupling. Here, we demonstrate two stable stacking orders, namely isotropic-like (IS) and

  10. Comparison effectiveness of Dialectic Behavioral Therapy and Behavior Cognitive Therapy on Depression in the Multiple sclerosis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Narges Zamani

    2017-03-01

    . [Text in Persian] Tad J, Bouhart A. Clinical psychologic principles and consultation. Firooz Bakht M, Translator Tehran: Rasa Pub; 2007. [Text in Persian] Cuijpers P, van Straten A, Andersson G, Van Open P. Psychotherapy for depression in adults: A meta-analysis of comparative outcome studies. J Consult Clin Psychol 2008;76(6:909-22. Ganji M. Abnormal psychology based on DSM-5. Tehran: Savalane Pub; 2013. [Full Text in Persian] 15. Lovibond PF, Lovibond SH. The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS with the beck depression and anxiety inventories. Behav Res Ther 1995;33(3:335-43.   Antony MM, Bieling PJ, Cox BJ, Enns MW, Swinton RP. Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item version of the depression anxiety stress scale in clinical group and a community sample. Psychol Assess 1998;10(2:176-81. Samani S, Jokar B. A study on the reliability and validity of the short form of the depression anxiety stress scale (dass-21. J Social Sci Humanis 2007;26(3:65-75. [Full Text in Persian] McKay M, Wood JC, Brantley J. The dialectical behavior therapy skills workbook: Practical DBT Exercises for learning mindfulness, interpersonal. Oakland: New Harbinger Pub; 2007. Miller AL, Rathus JH, Linehan MM. Dialectical behavior therapy with suicidal adolescents. NewYork: Guilford Press; 2006. Zamani N, Farhadi M, Jamilian HR ,Habibi M. Effectiveness of group dialectical behavior therapy (based on Acceptance and Commitment on expulsive anger and impulsive behaviors. Arak Med Univ J 2014;17(11:53-61. [Full Text in Persian] Alilloo MM, Sharifi MA. Dialectical behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder. Tehran, Iran. Tehran: Tehran Univ Pub; 2011. [Text in Persian] Greenberger D, Padesky C. Mind over Mood: Psychology foundation. In: Lovibond PF, Lovibond SH. Manual for the depression anxiety stress scale. 2nd ed. Sydney: Psychology Foundation; 1995. Van den Bosch LM, Verheul R, Schippers GM, van den Brink W

  11. Ingestão de resíduos antropogênicos por tartarugas marinhas no litoral norte do estado da Bahia, Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Macedo,Gustavo Rodamilans; Pires,Thaís Torres; Rostán,Gonzalo; Goldberg,Daphne Wrobel; Leal,Danielle Custódio; Garcez Neto,Américo Fróes; Franke,Carlos Roberto

    2011-01-01

    Este trabalho descreve a presença de resíduos antropogênicos no trato digestório de tartarugas marinhas no Litoral Norte da Bahia, Brasil. Foram realizadas necropsias no trato digestório de 45 tartarugas marinhas encontradas mortas (Chelonia mydas n=36; Eretmochelys imbricata n=9), no período de janeiro de 2006 a outubro de 2007. Em 60% (27/45) das tartarugas necropsiadas foram encontrados resíduos, especialmente aqueles relacionados à atividade de pesca. Os resíduos encontravam-se ao longo d...

  12. Ingestão de resíduos antropogênicos por tartarugas marinhas no litoral norte do estado da Bahia, Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Macedo, Gustavo Rodamilans; Pires, Thaís Torres; Rostán, Gonzalo; Goldberg, Daphne Wrobel; Leal, Danielle Custódio; Garcez Neto, Américo Fróes; Franke, Carlos Roberto

    2011-01-01

    p.1938-1943 Este trabalho descreve a presença de resíduos antropogênicos no trato digestório de tartarugas marinhas no Litoral Norte da Bahia, Brasil. Foram realizadas necropsias no trato digestório de 45 tartarugas marinhas encontradas mortas (Chelonia mydas n=36; Eretmochelys imbricata n=9), no período de janeiro de 2006 a outubro de 2007. Em 60% (27/45) das tartarugas necropsiadas foram encontrados resíduos, especialmente aqueles relacionados à atividade de pesca. Os resíduos enc...

  13. Res Publica tahab muuta Riigikogu kuluhüvitiste süsteemi / Alari Rammo

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Rammo, Alari

    2003-01-01

    Riigikogu Res Publica fraktsiooni ettepanekutest reformida Riigikogu liikmetele ette nähtud kuluhüvitiste süsteemi. Tabel: Kasutatud kuluhüvitised seisuga 15. oktoober 2003. Kommenteerib Urmo Kübar

  14. Res Publica nõuab rea võimulubaduste täitmist / Rasmus Kagge

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kagge, Rasmus, 1977-

    2005-01-01

    Res Publica lubas koalitsioonipartneritele mitte minna koalitsioonileppe kallale, kui nad toetavad toppama jäänud lubaduste täitmist - haridusreformi, presidendi otsevalimiste seadustamist, riigikontrollile ka omavalitsuste kontrollimiseks õiguse andmist ja lapsevanema tulumaksuvaba miinimumi kahekordistamist alates pere teisest lapsest. Lisa: Võimuliitlaste soovid

  15. Res Publica alustas Tallinnas koostööd Keskerakonnaga / Siim Männik

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Männik, Siim

    2005-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Vabariik (venek.) 18. apr. lk. 2. Koalitsioonivahetusest Tallinnas. Linnavolikogu Res Publica fraktsiooni esimehe Andres Korgi, linnapea Tõnis Paltsi nõuniku Jaano Martin Otsa kommentaare. Tallinna linnapea hinnangul on sügisel koalitsiooni asudes seatud eesmärgid praeguseks peaaegu saavutatud

  16. Maturação de Compostos Orgânicos de Resíduos Agroindustriais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rafaela Alves Pereira

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Os resíduos agroindustriais geralmente apresentam grandes concentrações de materiais orgânicos que, se manejados de forma inadequada, podem poluir e/ou contaminar o solo, a água e o ar. A técnica de compostagem tem se mostrado um processo eficiente na busca pela minimização da problemática ambiental associada aos resíduos orgânicos e na redução do volume de resíduos descartados em lixões e aterros sanitários. O principal objetivo deste trabalho consiste na utilização de parâmetros físico-químicos para verificar a maturação de compostos orgânicos obtidos a partir de resíduos agroindustriais da região de Pombal, um município localizado no semiárido paraibano. Para obtenção dos compostos orgânicos, cascas de bananas, estercos ovinos e podas de marmeleiro e jurema-preta foram triturados e misturados para montar duas pilhas de compostagem, sendo uma depositada em solo compactado e outra sobre um pátio pavimentado com concreto. Os parâmetros utilizados na avaliação da maturação foram: temperatura, relação C/N, condutividade elétrica, pH e demanda química de oxigênio. Os resultados sugerem que os compostos orgânicos estudados estão maturados, indicando que estes simples métodos são considerados seguros para verificação de processos de compostagem conduzidos em regiões sujeitas às condições semiáridas. 

  17. Resíduos de estações de tratamento de água e a ISO 24512: desafio do saneamento brasileiro

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cali Laguna Achon

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available O advento da ISO 24512:2007 suscita discussões muito interessantes em relação ao funcionamento dos sistemas de abastecimento de água em âmbito mundial. No Brasil, a maioria das estações de tratamento de água é convencional de ciclo completo, gerando resíduos complexos e de difícil manejo e disposição. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar de forma crítica a problemática dos resíduos das estações de tratamento de água no Brasil, mediante o estudo da viabilidade de construção e uso de indicadores, tais como aqueles preconizados pela ISO 24512. A grande maioria das estações de tratamento de água analisadas, que refletem um quadro comum no Brasil, não dimensiona a quantidade de resíduos gerados, poucas avaliam suas características e destinam adequadamente esses resíduos, o que dificulta e, em muitos casos, pode impossibilitar o uso de indicadores como ferramentas de gestão. Esse cenário remete ao desafio enfrentado na área de saneamento em relação à gestão dos resíduos em consonância com as normas internacionais.

  18. Médecins Sans Frontières moves to protect refugee healthcare

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    As Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) spurned all European Union (EU) fund ing for its projects worldwide after a series of cynical EUcountry moves to choke inward refugee flow, South African. (SA) activists in Johannesburg this June protes ted the proposed stiffening of local refugee laws. The People's Coalition Against ...

  19. The olfactory tubercle encodes odor valence in behaving mice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gadziola, Marie A; Tylicki, Kate A; Christian, Diana L; Wesson, Daniel W

    2015-03-18

    Sensory information acquires meaning to adaptively guide behaviors. Despite odors mediating a number of vital behaviors, the components of the olfactory system responsible for assigning meaning to odors remain unclear. The olfactory tubercle (OT), a ventral striatum structure that receives monosynaptic input from the olfactory bulb, is uniquely positioned to transform odor information into behaviorally relevant neural codes. No information is available, however, on the coding of odors among OT neurons in behaving animals. In recordings from mice engaged in an odor discrimination task, we report that the firing rate of OT neurons robustly and flexibly encodes the valence of conditioned odors over identity, with rewarded odors evoking greater firing rates. This coding of rewarded odors occurs before behavioral decisions and represents subsequent behavioral responses. We predict that the OT is an essential region whereby odor valence is encoded in the mammalian brain to guide goal-directed behaviors. Copyright © 2015 the authors 0270-6474/15/354515-13$15.00/0.

  20. Resposta da soja e da biomassa de carbono do solo aos resíduos de cinco genótipos de sorgo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. A. Vasconcellos

    1999-03-01

    Full Text Available O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência de resíduos de cinco cultivares de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L.: CMS XS 376, CMS XS 365, BR 304, BR 700 e CMS XS 755 no crescimento e no desenvolvimento da soja. Esses resíduos foram colhidos em três estádios do desenvolvimento reprodutivo do sorgo: florescimento, enchimento de grãos e maturação. Os tratamentos estudados constaram da deposição desses resíduos na superfície do solo ou da sua total incorporação na proporção de 4 g kg-1 de matéria seca no solo (LEd, fase cerrado. Nos tratamentos com planta, mantiveram-se três plantas de soja (cv. Doko em vasos com capacidade para 3 kg de solo. Nos tratamentos sem planta, o solo foi amostrado semanalmente para avaliação das formas de N. Após a colheita da soja, amostras de planta e de solo, de cada tratamento, foram retiradas para determinar a absorção total de N e a influência desses resíduos no N disponível extraído com KCl 2 mol L-1. Os resultados revelaram que alguns resíduos culturais de sorgo afetaram, independentemente do estádio de colheita, o desenvolvimento da soja, a absorção de N, o peso de nódulos e a biomassa microbiana do solo. Tais efeitos também foram dependentes do método de incorporação do resíduo. O teor de carbono imobilizado pela biomassa foi maior quando os resíduos de sorgo foram distribuídos na superfície do solo.

  1. Manejo de resíduos gerados na assistência domiciliar pela Estratégia de Saúde da Familia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sergiane Bisinoto Alves

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available O estudo objetivou analisar o manejo dos resíduos gerados pela assistência domiciliar. A coleta de dados ocorreu pela observação da assistência prestada pelos profissionais e usuários e/ou cuidadores. Os dados foram registrados em check list construído conforme recomendações da RDC 306. Os resíduos gerados foram: seringas (38,1%, agulhas (36,5%, esparadrapos (31,7%, gazes (31,7% e lancetas (28,5%. Os resíduos do grupo A não foram segregados em todas as oportunidades e os do grupo E foram segregados 100% e 10,5% pelos profissionais e usuários, respectivamente. Conclui-se que, diante das inadequações encontradas, é necessária uma ampla discussão coletiva para a proposta de políticas públicas que atendam às especificidades do manejo dos resíduos de serviços de saúde nos domicílios, com intuito de dar segurança aos trabalhadores, comunidade e ambiente.

  2. Evolução e desafios no gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos urbanos no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Victor Fernandez Nascimento

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available A geração dos resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU no Brasil vem aumentando ao longo do tempo, com alterações na qualidade do resíduo, o que levanta discussões a respeito do gerenciamento e da importância em se destinar estes resíduos adequadamente. Atualmente as questões que envolvem a gestão dos RSU têm enfoque central no cumprimento de políticas públicas. A partir da implementação efetiva da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS - lei nº 12.305/2010 é que se esperam mudanças no panorama dos resíduos sólidos no Brasil. Por conta disso, este trabalho faz um levantamento bibliográfico que tem como objetivo abordar aspectos sobre os RSU no Brasil, considerando aqueles esperados para acontecer no setor público após a implementação da PNRS. Os dados apresentados e discutidos permitiram entender a evolução da gestão dos RSU no Brasil e alguns desafios para o cumprimento das determinações da PNRS, como, por exemplo, a expansão da coleta e tratamento dos RSU, o papel mais ativo da sociedade nos processos que envolvem a separação dos resíduos e a dificuldade da erradicação de lixões e sua substituição por aterros sanitários. Em geral, apesar de terem ocorrido melhoras no gerenciamento dos RSU, estas não foram suficientes para que as mudanças propostas pela PNRS fossem cumpridas e para que se estabeleça uma gestão integrada de RSU mais eficaz e sustentável tanto ao meio ambiente quanto à sociedade, denotando a emergência de soluções estruturais no setor de gerenciamentos dos RSU no Brasil.

  3. Barreira capilar construída com resíduo pré-tratado mecânica e biologicamente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ronaldo Luis dos Santos Izzo

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available O controle da entrada de água de chuva no interior do aterro de resíduos sólidos urbanos durante sua construção e após seu fechamento é crucial para manter o controle da geração de lixiviado. Este fator pode contribuir para a elevação de gastos com tratamento e monitoramento e para a instabilidade mecânica do aterro. Por esta razão, o sistema de cobertura final de um aterro de resíduos sólidos urbanos é decisivo ao controle da entrada de água no mesmo. Na maioria dos casos, o sistema de cobertura final é composto por solo compactado. Frequentemente, um solo adequado para a cobertura não é encontrado nos arredores do aterro; portanto, recursos têm que ser despendidos para o transporte do mesmo até o devido local. Uma alternativa seria a utilização de uma barreira capilar construída com resíduos pré-tratados mecânica e biologicamente. No entanto, o uso deste material para esta construção ainda não foi bem estudado, e as diversas variáveis envolvidas no funcionamento de uma barreira capilar construída com resíduos sólidos pré-tratados mecânica e biologicamente são desconhecidas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os parâmetros envolvidos no funcionamento de uma barreira capilar construída exclusivamente de resíduos sólidos urbanos pré-tratados mecânica e biologicamente. Observou-se que este utilizado como material de uma barreira capilar pode funcionar de maneira equivalente àquela construída com solo, sendo boa a sua capacidade de retenção da água de chuva.

  4. Hypothesis: solid tumours behave as systemic metabolic dictators.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Yang-Ming; Chang, Wei-Chun; Ma, Wen-Lung

    2016-06-01

    Current knowledge regarding mechanisms of carcinogenesis in human beings centres around the accumulation of genetic instability, amplified cellular signalling, disturbed cellular energy metabolism and microenvironmental regulation governed by complicated cell-cell interactions. In this article, we provide an alternative view of cancer biology. We propose that cancer behaves as a systemic dictator that interacts with tissues throughout the body to control their metabolism and eventually homeostasis. The mechanism of development of this endocrine organ-like tumour (EOLT) tissue might be the driving force for cancer progression. Here, we review the literature that led to the development of this hypothesis. The EOLT phenotype can be defined as a tumour that alters systemic homeostasis. The literature indicates that the EOLT phenotype is present throughout cancer progression. The feedback mechanism that governs the interaction between tumours and various organs is unknown. We believe that investigating the mechanism of EOLT development may advance the current knowledge of regulation within the tumour macroenvironment and consequently lead to new diagnostic methods and therapy. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine.

  5. Res Publica ja Isamaaliit ühendavad jõud / Urmo Kübar, Rauno Veri

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kübar, Urmo, 1978-

    2006-01-01

    Res Publica esimees Taavi Veskimägi ja Isamaaliidu esimees Tõnis Lukas kirjutasid alla ühiste kavatsuste deklaratsioonile, milles nad teevad ettepaneku moodustada ühine erakond. Lisad: Erakonna Eesti Eest deklaratsioon; Lühiülevaade ajaloost

  6. Probing in-plane anisotropy in few-layer ReS2 using low frequency noise measurement

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mitra, Richa; Jariwala, Bhakti; Bhattacharya, Arnab; Das, Anindya

    2018-04-01

    ReS2, a layered two-dimensional material popular for its in-plane anisotropic properties, is emerging as one of the potential candidates for flexible electronics and ultrafast optical applications. It is an n-type semiconducting material having a layer independent bandgap of 1.55 eV. In this paper we have characterized the intrinsic electronic noise level of few-layer ReS2 for the first time. Few-layer ReS2 field effect transistor devices show a 1/f nature of noise for frequency ranging over three orders of magnitude. We have also observed that not only the electrical response of the material is anisotropic; the noise level is also dependent on direction. In fact the noise is found to be more sensitive towards the anisotropy. This fact has been explained by evoking the theory where the Hooge parameter is not a constant quantity, but has a distinct power law dependence on mobility along the two-axes direction. The anisotropy in 1/f noise measurement will pave the way to quantify the anisotropic nature of two-dimensional (2D) materials, which will be helpful for the design of low-noise transistors in future.

  7. Optimasi Penempatan Menara BTS Menggunakan Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mohamad Fatkhur Rohman

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available Universal Mobile Telecomunication System (UMTS saat ini dipandang sebagai sebuah sistem impian yang menggantikan Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM dan merupakan salah satu evolusi generasi ketiga (3G dari jaringan mobile. Salah satu komponen pendukung jaringan UMTS adalah Node B, Node B dapat dianalogikan sebagai BTS. Seiring perkembangan kebutuhan pelanggan yang semakin meningkat, kebutuhan akan BTS(Node B semakin bertambah, hal ini menyebabkan banyaknya jumlah menara BTS da menyebabkan pemandangan yang kurang bagus bagi visualisasi kota.oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan optimisasi penempatan menara BTS. Salah satu metode untuk mengoptimasi adalah Quantum-behaved Particle Swarm Optimization. Maka dalam penelitian ini akan dirancang simulasi optimasi penempatan BTS menggunakan QPSO dengan parameter yang akan dioptimasi adalah Coverage Area dan Trafik. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, Algoritma QPSO mampu mengurangi jumlah BTS dari 55 BTS menjadi 43 BTS.

  8. Tombes et cimetières éthiopiens : des rois, des saints, des anonymes1

    OpenAIRE

    Derat, Marie-Laure

    2009-01-01

    L’histoire des tombes et cimetières éthiopiens, dans la longue durée, en est encore à ses balbutiements. Si les tombes des saints et des rois nous sont un peu mieux connus grâce à des textes témoignant à la fois des enjeux entourant les sépultures de ces personnages hors du commun et des soins apportés à leur inhumation, en revanche, les cimetières ordinaires échappent encore largement à l’enquête, en grande partie parce que le commun des mortels est inhumé dans l’anonymat et dans un grand dé...

  9. Gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos industriais em uma empresa de usinagem sobre o enfoque da produção mais limpa

    OpenAIRE

    Juliana Simião

    2011-01-01

    As atividades industriais geram resíduos sólidos, de diferentes características e quantidades, que precisam ser gerenciados adequadamente para não causar poluição ambiental e danos à saúde do homem. A Lei n.o 12.305/2010, que institui a Política Nacional dos Resíduos Sólidos, estabelece a seguinte ordem de prioridade no gerenciamento dos resíduos: não geração, redução, reutilização, reciclagem, tratamento dos resíduos e disposição final ambientalmente adequada dos rejeitos. A adoção destas es...

  10. Iminoéthers-1 3 cycliques : chimie et applications dans le domaine des additifs pétroliers et des matériaux organiques Cyclic 1,3-Iminoethers: Chemistry and Applications in the Field of Petroleum Additives and Organic Materials

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Le Perchec P.

    2006-11-01

    Full Text Available Cet article est consacré aux iminoéthers-1,3 cycliques les plus courants : les oxazines-1,3 et oxazolines-1,3. La première partie rappelle les synthèses de ces composés et quelques aspects récents de leur chimie : réactions d'hydrolyse, réactions de déprotonation avec ouverture de cycle, réactions des organométalliques, réactions d'addition des nucléophiles en positions 2 et 5, des sels d'iminoéthers correspondants, propriétés complexantes vis-à-vis des métaux, réactions d'aminolyse et formation de structures tensioactives, enfin polymérisations et copolymérisations cationiques. La seconde partie est consacrée à l'étude des travaux qui traitent des applications. En ce qui concerne le domaine des additifs pétroliers, on s'intéresse à la stabilité du cycle oxazoline et à son caractère polaire. Les dérivés tensioactifs dérivés d'oxazoline portant des chaînes hydrocarbonées ont été revendiqués comme additifs dispersants et multifonctionnels pour les carburants et les lubrifiants. De nombreuses formulations (dispersants, antioxydants antirouilles, antiusures, extrême pressions, réducteurs de frictions. . . ont été proposées. Certains dérivés d'hydroxyméthyl oxazolines présentent des propriétés lubrifiantes et d'autres ont un intérêt dans les formulations de boues de forage. En ce qui concerne le domaine des matériaux, on s'intéresse à la réactivité du cycle oxazoline pour réaliser soit des extensions de chaînes des thermoplastiques, soit des réticulations pour des applications de peintures et revêtements. Les homopolymères d'oxazoline qui ont un caractère polaire très marqué peuvent trouver des applications comme promoteur d'adhésion, ou tensioactifs pour les polymérisations en émulsion. Enfin, l'utilisation d'oxazolines stables a été revendiquée dans des formulations de vernis d'émaillage. This article deals with the most common cyclic 1,3-iminoethers, i. e. 1,3-oxazines and 1

  11. Resíduos Sólidos na Bacia do Rio Ivinhema-MS | Solid Waste in River Basin Ivinhema-MS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Flávia Akemi Ikuta

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE Introdução: O trabalho apresenta parte dos resultados da pesquisa intitulada “Geração e disposição de resíduos sólidos urbanos e as formas de organização dos trabalhadores catadores de resíduos recicláveis nos municípios localizados na bacia do rio Ivinhema-MS”, realizada com apoio do CNPq. A área estudada compreende um conjunto de 25 municípios, localizados na bacia do Rio Ivinhema, na região sudeste do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, com uma população total aproximada de 675.569 habitantes, sendo 81,92% urbana (IBGE, Censo 2010. Dentre os principais objetivos destacam-se: realizar um diagnóstico da situação da produção e destinação de resíduos sólidos; e contribuir para a identificação de ações prioritárias a serem desenvolvidas na área, tendo em vista o melhor gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos. Metodologia/Desenvolvimento: O desenvolvimento da pesquisa apoiou-se em ampla revisão bibliográfica sobre as principais questões teórico-metodológicas ligadas ao tema escolhido, o que fundamentou sua melhor compreensão e orientação da pesquisa, bem como a coleta de dados de fontes secundárias. Os principais instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados foram: questionários, aplicados junto às prefeituras municipais, empresas envolvidas no manejo de resíduos e organizações de catadores (associações ou cooperativas; entrevistas não estruturadas, para esclarecimento de dúvidas sobre os questionários e complementação de informações; e observações realizadas em trabalho de campo nos locais de disposição dos diversos tipos de resíduos sólidos urbanos, para complementar dados, obter informações com registros fotográficos e confrontar os dados informados em questionários. Após a coleta, foi realizada a tabulação e sistematização, facilitando a verificação de semelhanças, diferenças, relações e inter-relações entre os dados. Em

  12. Solving Bilevel Multiobjective Programming Problem by Elite Quantum Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tao Zhang

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available An elite quantum behaved particle swarm optimization (EQPSO algorithm is proposed, in which an elite strategy is exerted for the global best particle to prevent premature convergence of the swarm. The EQPSO algorithm is employed for solving bilevel multiobjective programming problem (BLMPP in this study, which has never been reported in other literatures. Finally, we use eight different test problems to measure and evaluate the proposed algorithm, including low dimension and high dimension BLMPPs, as well as attempt to solve the BLMPPs whose theoretical Pareto optimal front is not known. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is a feasible and efficient method for solving BLMPPs.

  13. Influencia de preservantes químicos sobre la vida de anaquel de carne de res molida

    OpenAIRE

    Santos, R.; Beldarraín, T.; Ramos, M.; Chang, L.; Martínez, C.; Bruselas, A.

    2008-01-01

    En este trabajo se emplearon lactato de sodio, metabisulfito de sodio, acetato de sodio y sorbato de potasio para la conservación de picadillo de carne de res. Se elaboró picadillo de res que se mezcló durante 5 a 10 min con los siguientes preservantes químicos: 1000 mg/kg de sorbato de potasio (Variante 2), 2 % de lactato de sodio más 0,3 % de acetato de sodio (Variante 3) y 450 mg/kg de SO2 adicionado como metabisulfito de sodio (Variante 4) y se hizo una variante co...

  14. Weight suppression predicts total weight gain and rate of weight gain in outpatients with anorexia nervosa.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carter, Frances A; Boden, Joseph M; Jordan, Jennifer; McIntosh, Virginia V W; Bulik, Cynthia M; Joyce, Peter R

    2015-11-01

    The present study sought to replicate the finding of Wildes and Marcus, Behav Res Ther, 50, 266-274, 2012 that higher levels of weight suppression at pretreatment predict greater total weight gain, faster rate of weight gain, and bulimic symptoms amongst patients admitted with anorexia nervosa. Participants were 56 women with anorexia nervosa diagnosed by using strict or lenient weight criteria, who were participating in a randomized controlled psychotherapy trial (McIntosh et al., Am J Psychiatry, 162, 741-747, 2005). Thirty-five women completed outpatient treatment and post-treatment assessment. Weight suppression was the discrepancy between highest lifetime weight at adult height and weight at pretreatment assessment. Outcome variables were total weight gain, rate of weight gain, and bulimic symptoms in the month prior to post-treatment assessment [assessed using the Eating Disorders Examination (Fairburn et al., Binge-Eating: Nature, Assessment and Treatment. New York: Guilford, 1993)]. Weight suppression was positively associated with total weight gain and rate of weight gain over treatment. Regression models showed that this association could not be explained by covariates (age at onset of anorexia nervosa and treatment modality). Weight suppression was not significantly associated with bulimic symptoms in the month prior to post-treatment assessment, regardless of whether bulimic symptoms were examined as continuous or dichotomous variables. The present study reinforces the previous finding that weight suppression predicts total weight gain and rate of weight gain amongst patients being treated for anorexia nervosa. Methodological issues may explain the failure of the present study to find that weight suppression predicts bulimic symptoms. Weight suppression at pretreatment for anorexia nervosa should be assessed routinely and may inform treatment planning. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  15. EPRI/NRC-RES fire PRA guide for nuclear power facilities. Volume 1, summary and overview

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2004-01-01

    This report documents state-of-the-art methods, tools, and data for the conduct of a fire Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) for a commercial nuclear power plant (NPP) application. The methods have been developed under the Fire Risk Re-quantification Study. This study was conducted as a joint activity between EPRI and the U. S. NRC Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research (RES) under the terms of an EPRI/RES Memorandum of Understanding (RS.1) and an accompanying Fire Research Addendum (RS.2). Industry participants supported demonstration analyses and provided peer review of this methodology. The documented methods are intended to support future applications of Fire PRA, including risk-informed regulatory applications. The documented method reflects state-of-the-art fire risk analysis approaches. The primary objective of the Fire Risk Study was to consolidate recent research and development activities into a single state-of-the-art fire PRA analysis methodology. Methodological issues raised in past fire risk analyses, including the Individual Plant Examination of External Events (IPEEE) fire analyses, have been addressed to the extent allowed by the current state-of-the-art and the overall project scope. Methodological debates were resolved through a consensus process between experts representing both EPRI and RES. The consensus process included a provision whereby each major party (EPRI and RES) could maintain differing technical positions if consensus could not be reached. No cases were encountered where this provision was invoked. While the primary objective of the project was to consolidate existing state-of-the-art methods, in many areas, the newly documented methods represent a significant advancement over previously documented methods. In several areas, this project has, in fact, developed new methods and approaches. Such advances typically relate to areas of past methodological debate.

  16. Reaproveitamento do resíduo de gesso na execução de revestimento interno de vedação vertical

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yêda Vieira Póvoas Tavares

    Full Text Available O gesso está sendo utilizado em larga escala como revestimento interno de paredes por ser um material barato e de alto desempenho. No entanto, há uma grande geração de resíduo, o que constitui um problema econômico e ambiental. Embora se observe um interesse crescente no uso desse resíduo como revestimento de vedação interna, há um grande desconhecimento a respeito de sua tecnologia de produção, bem como de seu comportamento. O objetivo desta pesquisa é estudar o desempenho desse material através dos ensaios de dureza superficial, resistência à compressão e de aderência, além da apresentação da técnica de execução do revestimento a partir do aproveitamento do resíduo de gesso. Foram realizados ensaios utilizando-se misturas com 0%, 5% e 10% de resíduo com 0,6 mm de diâmetro máximo, e também realizadas visitas técnicas aos canteiros de obras para a avaliação e a determinação da técnica de execução mais apropriada para a aplicação do revestimento. Os resultados mostraram que a adição de resíduos não prejudica excessivamente as propriedades estudadas, sendo admissível até 10% de resíduo de gesso na produção da nova argamassa, respeitando-se as recomendações da técnica construtiva.

  17. Gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos urbanos no município de pombal – PB - Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wanessa Alves Martins

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO - Os resíduos quando disposto de forma incorreta, sem qualquer tratamento, pode poluir o solo, alterando suas características físicas, químicas e biológicas, se tornando também em um problema de ordem estética e uma ameaça à saúde pública. A destinação inadequada dos resíduos sólidos proveniente das diversas atividades humanas é, atualmente, um dos significativos problemas enfrentado pela administração pública no Brasil e em países em desenvolvimento. Este trabalho tem por objetivo diagnosticar o atual processo de gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos urbanos realizados no município de Pombal – PB, e propor o gerenciamento dos mesmos de maneira mais adequada diante das condições locais. O método de diagnosticar fundamentou-se num levantamento bibliográfico, entrevista ao órgão competente e a aplicação de questionários a população, em todos os bairros do município. Com o resultado deste estudo foi perceptível que a maioria da população necessita ser informada sobre as questões ambientais, para que desta forma gerencie adequadamente seus resíduos. O poder público municipal já está tomando algumas providencias para diminuir os impactos gerados pela falta de um correto gerenciamento dos seus resíduos, mas alguns pontos ainda precisam ser levados em consideração, como trabalhar principalmente a conscientização da população.Palavras chave: Destino final, Conscientização, Poder publico. 

  18. Resúmenes de los trabajos sobre las Enfermedades Neuromusculares

    OpenAIRE

    Congreso Nacional de Neurología

    2010-01-01

    Las enfermedades neuromusculares constituyen un conjunto de afectaciones que afectan las neuronas motoras periférica, las vías motoras eferentes o los efectores (músculos esqueléticos). Sus manifestaciones clínicas son muy variadas y dependen de la causa y de los niveles de afectación. En este acápite se pueden encontrar los resúmenes de trabajos relacionados con el síndrome de Guillain Barre, polineuropatía diabética, Atrofia Muscular Espinal, Distrofia miotónica y otros todos presentados en...

  19. Predicting Power Output of Upper Body using the OMNI-RES Scale

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bautista Iker J.

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available The main aim of this study was to determine the optimal training zone for maximum power output. This was to be achieved through estimating mean bar velocity of the concentric phase of a bench press using a prediction equation. The values for the prediction equation would be obtained using OMNI-RES scale values of different loads of the bench press exercise. Sixty males ( voluntarily participated in the study and were tested using an incremental protocol on a Smith machine to determine one repetition maximum (1RM in the bench press exercise. A linear regression analysis produced a strong correlation (r = -0.94 between rating of perceived exertion (RPE and mean bar velocity (Velmean. The Pearson correlation analysis between real power output (PotReal and estimated power (PotEst showed a strong correlation coefficient of r = 0.77, significant at a level of p = 0.01. Therefore, the OMNI-RES scale can be used to predict Velmean in the bench press exercise to control the intensity of the exercise. The positive relationship between PotReal and PotEst allowed for the identification of a maximum power-training zone.

  20. Dynamique de fréquentation des grands mammifères dans une ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    SARAH

    31 juil. 2016 ... 2016 Dynamique de fréquentation des grands mammifères dans une clairière ... 2Ecole Régionale Post-Universitaire d'Aménagement et de gestion Intégrés des Forêts et ..... épidémiologique et contrôle des stomoxes à la.

  1. Rodent scope: a user-configurable digital wireless telemetry system for freely behaving animals.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    David Ball

    Full Text Available This paper describes the design and implementation of a wireless neural telemetry system that enables new experimental paradigms, such as neural recordings during rodent navigation in large outdoor environments. RoSco, short for Rodent Scope, is a small lightweight user-configurable module suitable for digital wireless recording from freely behaving small animals. Due to the digital transmission technology, RoSco has advantages over most other wireless modules of noise immunity and online user-configurable settings. RoSco digitally transmits entire neural waveforms for 14 of 16 channels at 20 kHz with 8-bit encoding which are streamed to the PC as standard USB audio packets. Up to 31 RoSco wireless modules can coexist in the same environment on non-overlapping independent channels. The design has spatial diversity reception via two antennas, which makes wireless communication resilient to fading and obstacles. In comparison with most existing wireless systems, this system has online user-selectable independent gain control of each channel in 8 factors from 500 to 32,000 times, two selectable ground references from a subset of channels, selectable channel grounding to disable noisy electrodes, and selectable bandwidth suitable for action potentials (300 Hz-3 kHz and low frequency field potentials (4 Hz-3 kHz. Indoor and outdoor recordings taken from freely behaving rodents are shown to be comparable to a commercial wired system in sorting for neural populations. The module has low input referred noise, battery life of 1.5 hours and transmission losses of 0.1% up to a range of 10 m.

  2. Análise normativa para descarte de resíduos de medicamentos - Estudo de caso da Região Sudeste do Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Falqueto, Elda; Kligerman, Débora Cynamon

    2012-01-01

    O objetivo deste artigo é analisar aspectos normativos para o gerenciamento de resíduos de medicamentos numa região do Brasil e descrever os elementos fundamentais para a sua prática, valendo-se de exemplos bem-sucedidos e das principais políticas nacionais que norteiam o tema. Este trabalho analisa a legislação federal e da Região Sudeste em relação ao descarte de resíduos de medicamentos visando verificar em que medida as proposições legais contribuem para um gerenciamento eficaz de resíduo...

  3. Education based thinking and behaving? Towards an identity perspective for studying education differentials in public opinion and political participation

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Spruyt, Bram; Kuppens, Toon

    2015-01-01

    Education based thinking and behaving? Towards and identity perspective for studying education differentials in public opinion and political participation Abstract Ever since scholars started studying public opinion and political behaviour, they have reported substantial educational differences.

  4. Modèles de gestion des ressources forestières du massif ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Expérimentation Participative et Adaptative de Modèles de Gestion des Ressources Forestières dans la Chaine Montagneuse de l'Atlas (Algérie, Maroc, Tunisie) : rapport final (17 mars 2009 au 18 septembre 2012). Download PDF. Reports. Unité de transformation de cire d'abeille (Commune de M'Sara). Download PDF ...

  5. Renewable energy sources (RES) projects and their barriers on a regional scale: The case study of wind parks in the Dodecanese islands, Greece

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Oikonomou, Emmanouil K.; Kilias, Vassilios; Goumas, Aggelos; Rigopoulos, Alexandrous; Karakatsani, Eirini; Damasiotis, Markos; Papastefanakis, Dimitrios; Marini, Natassa

    2009-01-01

    The increasing energy challenges faced, in particular, by isolated communities, such as insular communities, call for an integrated, flexible and easy-to-apply methodology aiming at providing a list of renewable energy sources) (RES) projects capable to reduce green house gas (GHG) emissions, satisfy future energy forecasts and reach the objectives of international/national energy directives and obligations, as, for example, the ones set by the Kyoto Protocol by 2010. The EU project EMERGENCE 2010 developed such a methodology that is implemented here in the case study of wind parks in the Dodecanese islands in Greece. The results obtained consist of a final list of financially viable RES wind projects, for which various barriers have been previously identified and assessed. The additional advantages of the proposed methodology is that besides providing as an end result a comprehensive list of RES projects adopted to specific criteria and regional priorities, it also allows space for involving - from early stages - the local community and stakeholders in the decision-making process (participatory planning); in this way, the EMERGENCE 2010 methodology may assist towards the RES promotion and public acceptance, the profitability of RES investments and the regional sustainable development.

  6. A percepção dos trabalhadores de enfermagem sobre o manejo dos resíduos químicos perigosos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Taiza Florêncio Costa

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo objetivou identificar a percepção dos trabalhadores de enfermagem sobre o manejo dos resíduos químicos perigosos no Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo e elaborar uma proposta para o manejo desses resíduos. Trata-se de pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, cuja amostra foi intencional, composta por dezoito trabalhadores de enfermagem. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da técnica de grupo focal. Com a análise temática foram identificadas quatro categorias que evidenciaram a deficiência de treinamento nas etapas do manejo, como a primeira dificuldade expressa, tendo aparecido ainda o desconhecimento da exposição e impactos, assim como o uso dos equipamentos de proteção individual em detrimento da proteção coletiva, seguidos das sugestões quanto às medidas de competência institucional e dos trabalhadores para o manejo seguro dos resíduos químicos perigosos. Esses dados permitiram recomendar propostas para o manejo adequado dos resíduos químicos perigosos pela enfermagem.

  7. A percepção dos trabalhadores de enfermagem sobre o manejo dos resíduos químicos perigosos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Taiza Florêncio Costa

    Full Text Available Este estudo objetivou identificar a percepção dos trabalhadores de enfermagem sobre o manejo dos resíduos químicos perigosos no Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo e elaborar uma proposta para o manejo desses resíduos. Trata-se de pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, cuja amostra foi intencional, composta por dezoito trabalhadores de enfermagem. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da técnica de grupo focal. Com a análise temática foram identificadas quatro categorias que evidenciaram a deficiência de treinamento nas etapas do manejo, como a primeira dificuldade expressa, tendo aparecido ainda o desconhecimento da exposição e impactos, assim como o uso dos equipamentos de proteção individual em detrimento da proteção coletiva, seguidos das sugestões quanto às medidas de competência institucional e dos trabalhadores para o manejo seguro dos resíduos químicos perigosos. Esses dados permitiram recomendar propostas para o manejo adequado dos resíduos químicos perigosos pela enfermagem.

  8. Renewables portfolio, individual preferences and social values towards RES technologies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kontogianni, Areti; Tourkolias, Christos; Skourtos, Michalis

    2013-01-01

    The massive deployment of renewable energy sources represents a high priority for Greece in order to comply with the Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources by 2020. In this perspective, Aegean islands especially Lesvos, are endowed with a considerable potential of a portfolio of renewables, a fact that the entrepreneurial interest has already been targeted. However, regulatory attempts for a massive penetration of renewables do not take seriously into account preferences and risk perceptions of local communities where the proposed projects are to be installed. The aim of this study is to investigate individual preferences and social values towards specific technologies of renewables in Lesvos island. We apply an open-ended contingent valuation survey in order to analyze factors shaping public attitudes towards a portfolio of renewable technologies and estimate the economic welfare (Willingness To Pay) of the preferred technologies. We argue that such information is relevant for energy policy design and the establishment of effective measures for the promotion of renewable energy sources. - Highlights: ► We investigate individual preferences and attitudes towards a portfolio of RES technologies. ► We elicit public acceptance for investing in specific RES technologies. ► We analyze factors shaping public preferences of the preferred technologies. ► We estimate the economic welfare of the preferred technologies

  9. Flexible Coupling of Respiration and Vocalizations with Locomotion and Head Movements in the Freely Behaving Rat

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joseph Andrews Alves

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Quadrupedal mammals typically synchronize their respiration with body movements during rhythmic locomotion. In the rat, fast respiration is coupled to head movements during sniffing behavior, but whether respiration is entrained by stride dynamics is not known. We recorded intranasal pressure, head acceleration, instantaneous speed, and ultrasonic vocalizations from male and female adult rats while freely behaving in a social environment. We used high-speed video recordings of stride to understand how head acceleration signals relate to locomotion and developed techniques to identify episodes of sniffing, walking, trotting, and galloping from the recorded variables. Quantitative analysis of synchrony between respiration and head acceleration rhythms revealed that respiration and locomotion movements were coordinated but with a weaker coupling than expected from previous work in other mammals. We have recently shown that rats behaving in social settings produce high rates of ultrasonic vocalizations during locomotion bouts. Accordingly, rats emitted vocalizations in over half of the respiratory cycles during fast displacements. We present evidence suggesting that emission of these calls disrupts the entrainment of respiration by stride. The coupling between these two variables is thus flexible, such that it can be overridden by other behavioral demands.

  10. A portable telemetry system for brain stimulation and neuronal activity recording in freely behaving small animals.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ye, Xuesong; Wang, Peng; Liu, Jun; Zhang, Shaomin; Jiang, Jun; Wang, Qingbo; Chen, Weidong; Zheng, Xiaoxiang

    2008-09-30

    A portable multi-channel telemetry system which can be used for brain stimulation and neuronal activity recording in freely behaving small animals is described here. This system consists of three major components of headstage, backpack and portable Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). The headstage contains high precision instrument amplifiers with high input impedance. The backpack is comprised of two parts: (1) a main board (size: 36 mm x 22 mm x 3.5 mm and weight: 40 g with batteries, 20 g without), with current/voltage stimulator and special circuit suitable for neuronal activity recording and (2) and a bluetooth transceiver, with a high data transmission rate up to 70 kb/s, suitable for downloading stimulation commands and uploading acquired data. We recorded neuronal activities of the primary motor area of a freely behaving rat with 12-bit resolution at 12 k samples/s. The recorded data and analysis results showed that the system was successful by comparing with the commercial equipment Cerebus 128-Channel Data Acquisition System (Cyberkinetics Inc.). Using the PDA, we can control stimulation and recording. It provides a flexible method to do some research work in the circumstances where other approaches would be difficult or impossible.

  11. Geradeheraus / Matthias Nöther

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Nöther, Matthias

    2008-01-01

    Argentiina kirjaniku Esther Vilari romaani "Nina Glucksteini matemaatika" ainetel valminud Mari Vihmandi ooperist "Armastuse valem", libreto Maimu Berg, lavastaja Liis Kolle. Esietendus 17. oktoobril 2008 Tallinnas Rahvusooperis Estonia

  12. Caracterização e influência do teor do resíduo de areia de fundição fenólica em argamassas de revestimento

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliana Machado Casali

    Full Text Available Resumo Um dos resíduos gerados pela indústria de fundição que tem potencial de aplicação na construção civil é a areia de fundição. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar e verificar a influência do teor do resíduo de areia de fundição fenólica em argamassas de revestimentos trabalháveis. Foram confeccionadas argamassas mistas, substituindo a areia natural, em volume, nos teores de 0%, 10%, 30% e 100% pelo resíduo de areia de fundição. Para os resíduos de areia de fundição e das argamassas foram realizados ensaios de corrosividade, reatividade, lixiviação e solubilização. Com os dados obtidos foi possível verificar a influência do resíduo de areia de fundição nas propriedades do estado fresco (principalmente na argamassa com 100% do resíduo de areia de fundição, que demandou uma quantidade de água maior para a mesma consistência e do endurecido (redução nas resistências, na densidade de massa e no módulo de elasticidade. Notou-se que as argamassas com resíduos de areia de fundição, em comparação com o resíduo de areia de fundição, apresentaram menor concentração de ferro, fluoreto e sódio, e maior de alumínio, cromo total e fenóis totais. Os resíduos estudados foram classificados como não perigosos - Classe II A - não inertes, segundo a NBR 10004 (ABNT, 2004.

  13. Cost-Efficient and Sustainable Deployment of Renewable Energy Sources towards the 20% Target by 2020, and beyond. D5.3. Key recommendations from the RES4LESS roadmap

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Dalla Longa, F. [ECN Policy Studies, Amsterdam (Netherlands); Raimundo, C. [IT Power, Bristol, Avon (United Kingdom)

    2012-12-15

    In its Directive 2009/28/EC the European Commission (EC) set an ambitious 20% target on the final consumption of energy from renewable sources (RES) in 2020 (European Commission, 2009). This EU-level target is divided into different domestic targets for each single Member State (MS). The MS-level targets do not always reflect the domestic RES potentials, creating a situation where certain MSs will have to deploy very expensive technologies in order to meet their target, while other countries are expected to reach their target at lower costs and even produce a RES surplus. In order to promote a more balanced distribution of costs, the Directive allows MSs to establish cooperation mechanisms. Three types of cooperation mechanisms are defined: a MS could buy the RES-credits associated with the surplus potential of other MSs via statistical transfers, could finance additional RES deployment in other MSs by engaging in joint projects, or could share (part of) its RES potential with other MSs by establishing joint support schemes.

  14. Synthetic tactile perception induced by transcranial alternating-current stimulation can substitute for natural sensory stimulus in behaving rabbits.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Márquez-Ruiz, Javier; Ammann, Claudia; Leal-Campanario, Rocío; Ruffini, Giulio; Gruart, Agnès; Delgado-García, José M

    2016-01-21

    The use of brain-derived signals for controlling external devices has long attracted the attention from neuroscientists and engineers during last decades. Although much effort has been dedicated to establishing effective brain-to-computer communication, computer-to-brain communication feedback for "closing the loop" is now becoming a major research theme. While intracortical microstimulation of the sensory cortex has already been successfully used for this purpose, its future application in humans partly relies on the use of non-invasive brain stimulation technologies. In the present study, we explore the potential use of transcranial alternating-current stimulation (tACS) for synthetic tactile perception in alert behaving animals. More specifically, we determined the effects of tACS on sensory local field potentials (LFPs) and motor output and tested its capability for inducing tactile perception using classical eyeblink conditioning in the behaving animal. We demonstrated that tACS of the primary somatosensory cortex vibrissa area could indeed substitute natural stimuli during training in the associative learning paradigm.

  15. Potencial poluidor de resíduo sólido da Samarco Mineração: estudo de caso da barragem de Germano

    OpenAIRE

    Pires,José Maurício Machado; Lena,Jorge Carvalho de; Machado,Carlos Cardoso; Pereira,Reginaldo Sérgio

    2003-01-01

    Foram estudadas amostras de resíduo sólido da Barragem de Germano, da Samarco Mineração S.A. Tal barragem localiza-se no município de Mariana-MG. Sua principal função é coletar os efluentes do tratamento do minério de ferro processado no Complexo de Germano. Este resíduo foi submetido a testes de classificação, de acordo com as Normas ABNT 10004, 10005, 10006 e 10007. Constatou-se que o resíduo é classe III (inerte) e que os testes mostraram a grande capacidade deste material na retenção de m...

  16. Des compagnes, des épouses, des mères

    OpenAIRE

    Robert-Guiard, Claudine

    2017-01-01

    Compagnes, épouses et mères sont pour les femmes les rôles attendus par les hommes, voire par elles-mêmes et aussi par les États. Quand il s’agit de peupler un territoire, un gouvernement a besoin, encore plus impérativement qu’en situation normale, que les femmes remplissent au mieux ces fonctions qui leur sont traditionnellement, et génétiquement pour la maternité, dévolues. Dans ces rôles les femmes sont pratiquement indissociables de leurs enfants et de leur compagnon ou mari. Étudier les...

  17. Impact of Mézières Rehabilitative Method in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Teresa Paolucci

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of Mézières method in improving trunk flexibility of the back muscles and balance in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD. Materials and Methods. Thirty-six patients were randomized into 2 groups: the Mézières treatment group and the control group (home exercise group. The primary outcome was the improvement in balance per the Berg Balance Scale (BBS and the trunk flexibility of the back for the anterior flexion trunk test. Also, we evaluated pain, gait balance for the Functional Gait Assessment (FGA, disease-related disability for the Modified Parkinson’s Activity Scale and the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS, the quality of life, and the functional exercise capacity. All the measures were evaluated at baseline (T0, at the end of the rehabilitative program (T1, and at the 12-week follow-up (T2. Results. In the Mézières group, the BBS (p<.001 and trunk flexion test (p<.001 improved significantly at T1 and remained the same at T2. Between groups, significant changes were reported in FGA (p=.027 and UPDRS Total (p=.007 at T1 and in FGA (p=.03 at T2. Conclusion. The Mézières approach is efficacious in improving the flexibility of the trunk and balance in PD patients.

  18. Gerenciamento de resíduos de serviço de saúde de animais de produção: revisão

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Evelyne Cazarotto Farezin

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available A demanda por produtos de origem animal vem aumentando gradativamente no mundo, e a expectativa é que haja um incremento nos próximos anos, juntamente com a produção. Em consequência disso, ocorre também acréscimo na geração de diferentes tipos de resíduos nas propriedades. Um dos resíduos que são gerados na produção animal são os resíduos de serviço de saúde animal (RSSA. Diante deste cenário, objetivou-se realizar uma revisão sobre o gerenciamento de RSSA. Os RSSA mesmo que produzidos em menor quantidade devem receber cuidado especial devido à capacidade de infectar e contaminar o meio ambiente e o ser humano. O gerenciamento de RSSA é importante para mitigar os impactos ambientais e sanitários. Nas propriedades rurais, é ainda pouco discutido e realizado. É importante buscar medidas para realizar a correta segregação e posterior reciclagem dos RSSA. A disposição final da maior parte destes resíduos é efetuada de forma inadequada. É de fundamental importância à implantação de um plano de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos e que mais estudos sejam realizados na área.

  19. Ocorrência e comportamento ambiental de resíduos de antibióticos de uso veterinário

    OpenAIRE

    Rafael Marques Pereira Leal

    2012-01-01

    Muitos antibióticos de uso veterinário não são totalmente metabolizados no organismo animal, ocasionando a presença de resíduos destes compostos em várias matrizes ambientais, tais como estercos animais, solos e sedimentos fluviais. A ocorrência destes resíduos no ambiente pode favorecer a resistência de microrganismos aos agentes antibióticos, ocasionar problemas de ordem toxicológica em determinados organismos e, além disso, interferir nos ciclos biogeoquímicos mediados por microrganismos. ...

  20. Predicting Power Output of Upper Body using the OMNI-RES Scale.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bautista, Iker J; Chirosa, Ignacio J; Tamayo, Ignacio Martín; González, Andrés; Robinson, Joseph E; Chirosa, Luis J; Robertson, Robert J

    2014-12-09

    The main aim of this study was to determine the optimal training zone for maximum power output. This was to be achieved through estimating mean bar velocity of the concentric phase of a bench press using a prediction equation. The values for the prediction equation would be obtained using OMNI-RES scale values of different loads of the bench press exercise. Sixty males (age 23.61 2.81 year; body height 176.29 6.73 cm; body mass 73.28 4.75 kg) voluntarily participated in the study and were tested using an incremental protocol on a Smith machine to determine one repetition maximum (1RM) in the bench press exercise. A linear regression analysis produced a strong correlation (r = -0.94) between rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and mean bar velocity (Velmean). The Pearson correlation analysis between real power output (PotReal) and estimated power (PotEst) showed a strong correlation coefficient of r = 0.77, significant at a level of p = 0.01. Therefore, the OMNI-RES scale can be used to predict Velmean in the bench press exercise to control the intensity of the exercise. The positive relationship between PotReal and PotEst allowed for the identification of a maximum power-training zone.

  1. Estudo do sistema de gerenciamento integrado de resíduos de construção e demolição do município de São Carlos - SP

    OpenAIRE

    Rodrigo Eduardo Córdoba

    2010-01-01

    Com a intensificação da geração de resíduos sólidos urbanos, as autoridades, pesquisadores e sociedade têm voltado seus esforços para enfrentar as dificuldades de manejo e disposição final adequada desses resíduos. Neste sentido, é coerente afirmar que os resíduos de construção e demolição (RCD) fazem parte dessa problemática, pois geralmente representam a maioria dos resíduos sólidos gerados no meio urbano. A ausência de políticas públicas em relação à gestão e gerenciamento desses resíduos ...

  2. Rahvaliitlaste rahalaevad roostetavad kai ääres / Sten-Aleks Pihlak

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Pihlak, Sten-Aleks

    2007-01-01

    Rahvaliidule lähedal seisvad ärimehed müüsid riigile maha vanu kalalaevu, et neid õppelaevadena kasutada, kuid nüüd roostetavad laevad kai ääres. Vt. samas: Lobby ekstraklass - minister tegi kõik, mis soovitud; Kalurite liit on tänaseks laiali jooksnud; Undrest jr võitles toetuse välja kohtus; Üheksast õppelaevaks muudetud alusest õpitakse päriselt vaid mõnel. Küsimustele vastab endine põllumajandusminister Ester Tuiksoo. Kommenteerivad Toivo Orgussaar ja Jüri Lember

  3. ResDE Two-Component Regulatory System Mediates Oxygen Limitation-Induced Biofilm Formation by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhou, Xuan; Zhang, Nan; Xia, Liming; Li, Qing; Shao, Jiahui; Shen, Qirong; Zhang, Ruifu

    2018-04-15

    Efficient biofilm formation and root colonization capabilities facilitate the ability of beneficial plant rhizobacteria to promote plant growth and antagonize soilborne pathogens. Biofilm formation by plant-beneficial Bacillus strains is triggered by environmental cues, including oxygen deficiency, but the pathways that sense these environmental signals and regulate biofilm formation have not been thoroughly elucidated. In this study, we showed that the ResDE two-component regulatory system in the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain SQR9 senses the oxygen deficiency signal and regulates biofilm formation. ResE is activated by sensing the oxygen limitation-induced reduction of the NAD + /NADH pool through its PAS domain, stimulating its kinase activity, and resulting in the transfer of a phosphoryl group to ResD. The phosphorylated ResD directly binds to the promoter regions of the qoxABCD and ctaCDEF operons to improve the biosynthesis of terminal oxidases, which can interact with KinB to activate biofilm formation. These results not only revealed the novel regulatory function of the ResDE two-component system but also contributed to the understanding of the complicated regulatory network governing Bacillus biofilm formation. This research may help to enhance the root colonization and the plant-beneficial efficiency of SQR9 and other Bacillus rhizobacteria used in agriculture. IMPORTANCE Bacillus spp. are widely used as bioinoculants for plant growth promotion and disease suppression. The exertion of their plant-beneficial functions is largely dependent on their root colonization, which is closely related to their biofilm formation capabilities. On the other hand, Bacillus is the model bacterium for biofilm study, and the process and molecular network of biofilm formation are well characterized (B. Mielich-Süss and D. Lopez, Environ Microbiol 17:555-565, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12527; L. S. Cairns, L. Hobley, and

  4. rendre les villes urbaines sûres et inclusives au Venezuela

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    ont étudié ces institutions et leur lien avec le taux de criminalité et la cohésion sociale dans quatre villes : Caracas, Ciudad Guayana, San Cristóbal et San Antonio del Táchira. Leur objectif était de trouver des solutions favorisant la sécurité et l'inclusivité dans ces villes. Histoire à succès | Villes sûres et inclusiVes. FLiC kr.

  5. Avaliação da viabilidade de reintegração de resíduos de PET pós-consumo ao meio produtivo

    OpenAIRE

    Tassio Francisco Lofti Matos

    2009-01-01

    Entre os materiais presentes nos resíduos sólidos domiciliares, os resíduos poliméricos pósconsumo representam cerca de 27% do volume total da coleta convencional, segundo Matos (2006), com o agravante da degradação lenta, comprometendo a vida útil dos aterros sanitários e poluindo o meio urbano. Dos resíduos poliméricos, destaca-se o Poli (tereftalato de etileno) PET. O PET é utilizado em embalagens alimentícias e, preferencialmente, no envasamento de bebidas carbonatadas e água mineral com...

  6. Immunoreactive serum opsonic alpha 2 sb glycoprotein as a noninvasive index of RES systemic defense after trauma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kaplan, J E; Saba, T M

    1979-01-01

    Reticuloendothelial system (RES) depression has been correlated with diminished resistance to trauma, shock, and sepsis in man and animals. Previous studies have related the depression of RES hepatic Kupffer cell phagocytic function after trauma to diminished bioassayable opsonic activity. The present study determined if the loss of biological activity and RES alteration correlated with immunoreactive serum opsonic alpha 2 SB glycoprotein levels after trauma. Serum opsonic activity was measured by liver slice bioassay, and immunoreactive opsonic protein was measured by rocket electroimmunoassay. RE function was determined by colloid clearance over a 24-hour post-trauma period. Anesthetized rats (250-300 gm) subjected to sublethal or severe (greater than LD50) whole-body NCD trauma were the shock models investigated. Immunoreactive levels in 63 rats prior to injury were 518 +/- 24 microgram/ml. Neither biological nor immunoreactive levels were altered over 24 hours in anesthetized sham-traumatized controls. Temporal alteration in the initial decrease and recovery pattern of biologically active and immunoreactive opsonic protein levels significantly correlated following both sublethal and severe injury. Moreover, the patterns of immunoreactive levels of the opsonic protein correlated with the functional phagocytic activity of the RES as determined by vascular clearance of a test dose of blood-borne radiolabeled particulates. This glycoprotein falls after trauma, and the magnitude and duration of the decline increases with severity of injury. Immunoreactive opsonic alpha 2 SB glycoprotein appears to be an accurate measurement of circulating opsonic activity and RE Kupffer cell function after trauma, especially with respect to clearance. Thus, immunoreactive opsonic protein warrants clinical consideration as a noninvasive measure of reticuloendothelial systemic defense in patients after trauma and burn.

  7. Ionic liquids behave as dilute electrolyte solutions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gebbie, Matthew A.; Valtiner, Markus; Banquy, Xavier; Fox, Eric T.; Henderson, Wesley A.; Israelachvili, Jacob N.

    2013-01-01

    We combine direct surface force measurements with thermodynamic arguments to demonstrate that pure ionic liquids are expected to behave as dilute weak electrolyte solutions, with typical effective dissociated ion concentrations of less than 0.1% at room temperature. We performed equilibrium force–distance measurements across the common ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([C4mim][NTf2]) using a surface forces apparatus with in situ electrochemical control and quantitatively modeled these measurements using the van der Waals and electrostatic double-layer forces of the Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek theory with an additive repulsive steric (entropic) ion–surface binding force. Our results indicate that ionic liquids screen charged surfaces through the formation of both bound (Stern) and diffuse electric double layers, where the diffuse double layer is comprised of effectively dissociated ionic liquid ions. Additionally, we used the energetics of thermally dissociating ions in a dielectric medium to quantitatively predict the equilibrium for the effective dissociation reaction of [C4mim][NTf2] ions, in excellent agreement with the measured Debye length. Our results clearly demonstrate that, outside of the bound double layer, most of the ions in [C4mim][NTf2] are not effectively dissociated and thus do not contribute to electrostatic screening. We also provide a general, molecular-scale framework for designing ionic liquids with significantly increased dissociated charge densities via judiciously balancing ion pair interactions with bulk dielectric properties. Our results clear up several inconsistencies that have hampered scientific progress in this important area and guide the rational design of unique, high–free-ion density ionic liquids and ionic liquid blends. PMID:23716690

  8. Modelo de valoração ambiental da reciclagem de resíduos sólidos urbanos

    OpenAIRE

    Lima, Guilherme Cardim Gouveia de

    2012-01-01

    gestão dos resíduos sólidos vem se tornando um tema cada vez mais relevante, uma vez que os espaços para disposição final do lixo nos centros urbanos são escassos e valorizados. A prática da reciclagem desponta como uma das melhores alternativas para a redução do volume de resíduos enviados aos lixões e aterros sanitários, ao mesmo tempo em que possibilita seu reaproveitamento, preservando os recursos naturais e gerando economia de energia. Como forma de promoção dessa prática,...

  9. Tratamento térmico de resíduos da indústria calçadista : estudo da gaseificação, tratamento dos gases e aproveitamento das cinzas

    OpenAIRE

    Bruno München Wenzel

    2013-01-01

    Na gestão dos resíduos sólidos prioriza-se o emprego de técnicas capazes valorizarem os resíduos. Dentre as tecnologias para recuperação energética de resíduos (waste-to-energy), a gaseificação com posterior combustão dos gases vem sendo investigada para o tratamento térmico de resíduos de couro curtidos com sais de cromo, que possibilita a reciclagem do cromo contido nas cinzas. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo geral de contribuir com a qualificação, valorização e viabilização d...

  10. Coherent Control of Nanoscale Ballistic Currents in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide ReS2.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cui, Qiannan; Zhao, Hui

    2015-04-28

    Transition metal dichalcogenides are predicted to outperform traditional semiconductors in ballistic devices with nanoscale channel lengths. So far, experimental studies on charge transport in transition metal dichalcogenides are limited to the diffusive regime. Here we show, using ReS2 as an example, all-optical injection, detection, and coherent control of ballistic currents. By utilizing quantum interference between one-photon and two-photon interband transition pathways, ballistic currents are injected in ReS2 thin film samples by a pair of femtosecond laser pulses. We find that the current decays on an ultrafast time scale, resulting in an electron transport of only a fraction of one nanometer. Following the relaxation of the initially injected momentum, backward motion of the electrons for about 1 ps is observed, driven by the Coulomb force from the oppositely moved holes. We also show that the injected current can be controlled by the phase of the laser pulses. These results demonstrate a new platform to study ballistic transport of nonequilibrium carriers in transition metal dichalcogenides.

  11. The res judicata rule in jurisdictional decisions of the international Court of justice

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kreća Milenko

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available The author discusses the effects of the res judicata rule as regards jurisdictional decisions of the International Court of Justice. He finds that there exists a special position of a judgment on preliminary objection in respect to both aspects of the res judicata rule - its binding force and finality. A perception of distinct relativity of a jurisdictional decision of the Court, expressing its interlocatory character pervades, in his opinion, the body of law regulating the Court's activity. Preliminary objections as such do not exhaust objections to the jurisdiction of the Court, as evidenced by non-preliminary objections to the jurisdiction of the Court giving rise to the application of the principle compétence de la compétence understood in the narrow sense. With regard to the binding force of a judgment on preliminary objections, it does not create legal obligations stricto sensu. The author finds that the relative character of jurisdictional decisions of the Court as compared with a judgment on the merits is justified on a number of grounds.

  12. Utilização de resíduo de serragem de granito proveniente do estado do Espírito Santo em cerâmica vermelha

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Moreira J. M. S.

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi utilizar um resíduo de serragem de granito, proveniente da indústria de pedras ornamentais do estado do Espírito Santo, como aditivo na fabricação de produtos cerâmicos para construção civil. Este resíduo é um material não biodegradável que quando descartado gera poluição e degrada o meio ambiente. Assim, uma amostra deste material foi selecionada de modo que suas características com respeito a composição química, difração de raios X, análise de tamanho de partícula, massa específica real e plasticidade pudessem ser estudadas. Foram preparadas misturas contendo até 10% em peso de resíduo, e sinterizadas em sete diferentes temperaturas entre 850 ºC e 1150 ºC. A evolução na formação de fases cristalinas nos corpos cerâmicos durante a sinterização foi acompanhada por DRX. As propriedades físico-mecânicas foram determinadas em função da temperatura de sinterização e % de resíduo adicionado. Os resultados revelaram que o resíduo é um material polimineral não plástico constituído basicamente por sílica, feldspatos, mica e calcita. Uma série de transformações de fases ocorreram durante a sinterização. Além do mais, os corpos sinterizados contendo resíduo de serragem de granito têm uso provável em cerâmica vermelha, contribuindo para a minimização de resíduos e desenvolvimento auto-sustentado.

  13. Integration of silicon-based neural probes and micro-drive arrays for chronic recording of large populations of neurons in behaving animals.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Michon, Frédéric; Aarts, Arno; Holzhammer, Tobias; Ruther, Patrick; Borghs, Gustaaf; McNaughton, Bruce; Kloosterman, Fabian

    2016-08-01

    Understanding how neuronal assemblies underlie cognitive function is a fundamental question in system neuroscience. It poses the technical challenge to monitor the activity of populations of neurons, potentially widely separated, in relation to behaviour. In this paper, we present a new system which aims at simultaneously recording from a large population of neurons from multiple separated brain regions in freely behaving animals. The concept of the new device is to combine the benefits of two existing electrophysiological techniques, i.e. the flexibility and modularity of micro-drive arrays and the high sampling ability of electrode-dense silicon probes. Newly engineered long bendable silicon probes were integrated into a micro-drive array. The resulting device can carry up to 16 independently movable silicon probes, each carrying 16 recording sites. Populations of neurons were recorded simultaneously in multiple cortical and/or hippocampal sites in two freely behaving implanted rats. Current approaches to monitor neuronal activity either allow to flexibly record from multiple widely separated brain regions (micro-drive arrays) but with a limited sampling density or to provide denser sampling at the expense of a flexible placement in multiple brain regions (neural probes). By combining these two approaches and their benefits, we present an alternative solution for flexible and simultaneous recordings from widely distributed populations of neurons in freely behaving rats.

  14. Proposta de melhoria na gestão de resíduos em empresa de construção civil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Augusto da Cunha Reis

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available A indústria de construção civil demanda uma grande variedade de resíduos ao longo de todo processo produtivo. O descarte destes materiais de forma correta contribui para um convívio sustentável entre a produção e o meio ambiente, bem como a redução de custos. O presente trabalho visa analisar e propor melhorias para atual gestão de resíduos de uma empresa de construção civil com sede no município de Maricá. A partir da análise dos dados dispostos pela empresa, busca-se formas adequadas para descarte, reciclagem e reutilização de materiais provenientes de suas obras. O objetivo é orientar e conscientizar a todos quanto ao modo correto de armazenar seus insumos, oferecendo melhor finalidade aos seus resíduos. Para este estudo de caso, foram realizadas entrevistas e visitas aos galpões da empresa a fim de coletar informações para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. Como resultado, o trabalho oferece a empresa, funcionários e a população local, a redução dos riscos de degradação do meio ambiente, adequação às leis e normas ambientais vigentes, além do descarte adequado de resíduos e utilização de materiais alternativos.

  15. Bajenu Gox : une approche communautaire pour la santé des mères ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    initiative de Bajenu Gox à l'amélioration de la santé des mères et des enfants dans tout le Sénégal. L'ancien président Abdoulye Wade a fondé ce programme communautaire destiné aux travailleurs de la santé en vue de donner à des femmes ...

  16. Características Morfogênicas e Acúmulo de Forragem do Capim-Tanzânia (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Tanzânia em Dois Resíduos Forrageiros Pós-Pastejo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Barbosa Rodrigo Amorim

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available O experimento foi conduzido no Centro Nacional de Gado de Corte da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa Gado de Corte. Foram avaliadas as características morfogênicas de folhas e perfilhos, acúmulo de matéria seca verde e índices de crescimento do capim-tanzânia em dois resíduos forrageiros pós-pastejo (Resíduo alto -- RA 3,6 t de MS/ha e Resíduo baixo -- RB 2,3 t de MS/ha, até os 35 dias após o pastejo. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados completos com os tratamentos no esquema de parcelas subdivididas com três repetições. Para a dinâmica de perfilhamento houve diferença entre resíduos somente no aparecimento de novos perfilhos basilares. A taxa de aparecimento de novos perfilhos, tanto basilares quanto aéreos, decresceu linearmente com os dias de rebrotação após o pastejo. As taxas de alongamento e senescência de folhas não diferiram entre resíduos e tipos de perfilho. Em contrapartida, a duração de alongamento foliar foi menor no resíduo baixo e no perfilho novo, porém produzindo folhas com menor comprimento final. Houve interação entre resíduo e tipo de perfilho para a taxa de aparecimento de folhas, com maiores valores para o resíduo baixo no perfilho novo e remanescente. O acúmulo de matéria seca verde não diferiu entre resíduos, sendo, em média, 61,4 e 47,9 kg/ha.dia, nos resíduos baixo e alto, respectivamente. A taxa de crescimento relativo e o índice de área foliar não apresentaram diferenças entre resíduos forrageiros, porém apresentaram comportamento inverso em função dos dias após o pastejo.

  17. Automatic white blood cell classification using pre-trained deep learning models: ResNet and Inception

    Science.gov (United States)

    Habibzadeh, Mehdi; Jannesari, Mahboobeh; Rezaei, Zahra; Baharvand, Hossein; Totonchi, Mehdi

    2018-04-01

    This works gives an account of evaluation of white blood cell differential counts via computer aided diagnosis (CAD) system and hematology rules. Leukocytes, also called white blood cells (WBCs) play main role of the immune system. Leukocyte is responsible for phagocytosis and immunity and therefore in defense against infection involving the fatal diseases incidence and mortality related issues. Admittedly, microscopic examination of blood samples is a time consuming, expensive and error-prone task. A manual diagnosis would search for specific Leukocytes and number abnormalities in the blood slides while complete blood count (CBC) examination is performed. Complications may arise from the large number of varying samples including different types of Leukocytes, related sub-types and concentration in blood, which makes the analysis prone to human error. This process can be automated by computerized techniques which are more reliable and economical. In essence, we seek to determine a fast, accurate mechanism for classification and gather information about distribution of white blood evidences which may help to diagnose the degree of any abnormalities during CBC test. In this work, we consider the problem of pre-processing and supervised classification of white blood cells into their four primary types including Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Lymphocytes, and Monocytes using a consecutive proposed deep learning framework. For first step, this research proposes three consecutive pre-processing calculations namely are color distortion; bounding box distortion (crop) and image flipping mirroring. In second phase, white blood cell recognition performed with hierarchy topological feature extraction using Inception and ResNet architectures. Finally, the results obtained from the preliminary analysis of cell classification with (11200) training samples and 1244 white blood cells evaluation data set are presented in confusion matrices and interpreted using accuracy rate, and false

  18. Quantificação dos resíduos potencialmente infectantes presentes nos resíduos sólidos urbanos da regional sul de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil Gravimetric characterization of potentially infectious material in urban solid waste in southern Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Noil Amorim de Menezes Cussiol

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo da pesquisa foi o de conhecer a parcela de resíduos potencialmente infectantes ­ aqueles contendo fezes, urina, sangue e fluidos corpóreos ­ de origem domiciliar, presentes nos resíduos sólidos urbanos. Em agosto e setembro de 2002, os resíduos da região Sul de Belo Horizonte foram coletados e levados ao Centro de Tratamento e Disposição Final de Resíduos Sólidos da BR 040, para segregação e quantificação. Os "perfurocortantes" contribuíram com 0,02±0,02% dos resíduos coletados e a presença dos "não-perfurocortantes" foi de 5,47±1,11%. Na categoria "perfurocortante", os aparelhos de barbear predominaram (0,01±0,01%, enquanto que na categoria "não-perfurocortante" as maiores frações foram de papel higiênico (3,00±0,90%, fraldas descartáveis (2,21±1,08% e absorventes higiênicos (0,22±0,12%. Os resíduos infectantes de origem domiciliar corresponderam ao dobro da fração total (infectante e comum dos resíduos de unidades de serviços de saúde. A discussão foi feita sob a égide dos perigos à saúde e segurança dos trabalhadores da coleta formal (garis e informal (catadores de rua e lixões.This study investigated potentially infectious waste (feces, urine, blood, body fluids in the composition of total municipal solid waste. From August to September 2002, solid waste samples from southern Belo Horizonte, capital of the State of Minas Gerais, were collected and sent to the solid waste treatment and disposal site at BR-040 for segregation and quantification. Sharps (objects that can cause cuts or puncture wounds made up 0.02±0.02% of the collected waste, while non-sharps accounted for 5.47±1.11%. In the sharps category, the majority were razor blades (0.01±0.01%, while among non-sharps the most frequent components were toilet paper (3.00±0.90%, diapers (2.21±1.08%, and sanitary napkins (0.22±0.12%. Household infectious waste was twice the total amount of waste (infectious + common from healthcare

  19. Photoresponse Enhancement in Monolayer ReS2 Phototransistor Decorated with CdSe-CdS-ZnS Quantum Dots.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Qin, Jing-Kai; Ren, Dan-Dan; Shao, Wen-Zhu; Li, Yang; Miao, Peng; Sun, Zhao-Yuan; Hu, PingAn; Zhen, Liang; Xu, Cheng-Yan

    2017-11-15

    ReS 2 films are considered as a promising candidate for optoelectronic applications due to their direct band gap character and optical/electrical anisotropy. However, the direct band gap in a narrow spectrum and the low absorption of atomically thin flakes weaken the prospect for light-harvesting applications. Here, we developed an efficient approach to enhance the performance of a ReS 2 -based phototransistor by coupling CdSe-CdS-ZnS core-shell quantum dots. Under 589 nm laser irradiation, the responsivity of the ReS 2 phototransistor decorated with quantum dots could be enhanced by more than 25 times (up to ∼654 A/W) and the rising and recovery time can be also reduced to 3.2 and 2.8 s, respectively. The excellent optoelectronic performance is originated from the coupling effect of quantum dots light absorber and cross-linker ligands 1,2-ethanedithiol. Photoexcited electron-hole pairs in quantum dots can separate and transfer efficiently due to the type-II band alignment and charge exchange process at the interface. Our work shows that the simple hybrid zero- and two-dimensional hybrid system can be employed for photodetection applications.

  20. Polarization sensitive behaviour of the band-edge transitions in ReS2 and ReSe2 layered semiconductors

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ho, C H; Lee, H W; Wu, C C

    2004-01-01

    The polarization sensitive behaviour of the band-edge transitions in ReS 2 and ReSe 2 layered compounds was studied using polarized-transmission and polarized-thermoreflectance (PTR) measurements with polarization angles from θ = 0 deg. (Evector parallel b-axis) to θ = 90 deg. (Evector perpendicular b-axis) at 300 K. The polarization dependence of the polarized energy gaps of ReS 2 and ReSe 2 shows a sinusoidal-like variation with respect to the angular change of the linearly polarized light. The angular dependences of the polarized energy gaps of ReS 2 and ReSe 2 were evaluated. The polarization sensitive behaviour of the band-edge excitons in rhenium disulfide and diselenide was characterized using angular dependent PTR measurements from θ = 0 deg. to 90 deg. The polarized transition intensities of the band-edge excitons (E 1 ex and E 2 ex ) of ReX 2 (X = S, Se) demonstrate a sinusoidal variation with respect to the angular change of the linearly polarized light. The angular dependence of the polarized transition probabilities of E 1 ex and E 2 ex is analysed. The polarization sensitive behaviours of ReX 2 (X = S, Se) layers are discussed

  1. Análise da aplicação de resíduo de borracha de pneus em piso tátil intertravado de concreto

    OpenAIRE

    Fabiana Maria da Silva

    2014-01-01

    Resumo: O reaproveitamento de resíduos na construção civil tem sido uma alternativa viável para diminuir o consumo de materiais naturais e a disposição inadequada dos resíduos no meio ambiente. Neste trabalho avaliou-se o reaproveitamento de resíduo de borracha de pneus, proveniente do processo de recauchutagem, em substituição parcial do agregado miúdo natural, para a produção de pisos táteis intertravados de concreto. O piso tátil de concreto é uma peça utilizada na pavimentação, que permit...

  2. Microbiologia de resíduos sólidos urbanos e sua relação com a deformação vertical da massa aterrada

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Márcio Camargo de Melo

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available Em aterros de resíduos sólidos urbanos, os recalques – ou redução da altura e volume da massa de resíduos – ocorrem, principalmente, devido à degradação da matéria orgânica por microrganismos. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os recalques sob o aspecto microbiológico em uma célula experimental de resíduos sólidos urbanos localizada na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, na Paraíba. O estudo abrangeu as etapas de construção, coleta, amostragem e enchimento da célula experimental com os resíduos sólidos de três bairros da cidade, baseados no critério de condição social, de modo a se obter uma amostra de resíduos representativa. A célula experimental foi instrumentada com medidores de recalque superficial e em profundidade para leitura do deslocamento vertical da massa aterrada. Foram observados ciclos de recalques seguidos de recalques zero, que são períodos de atividade microbiana intensa com aumento de vazios progressivos. De acordo com os estudos desenvolvidos neste trabalho, os recalques no interior da massa de resíduos devem ser compreendidos como resultado de atividade microbiana e comportamentos mecânicos, pois os períodos de recalques zero são consequência de atividade microbiana, bem como os períodos de recalques propriamente ditos.

  3. Utilização de resíduos de materiais cerâmicos na adsorção de corante azul de metileno

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    L. Dominguini

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho estuda a viabilidade de utilização de resíduos de materiais cerâmicos como agentes de adsorção de corantes utilizados em indústrias têxteis. Resíduos de materiais cerâmicos, oriundos de quebras de tijolos, azulejos e pisos foram selecionados, triturados e moídos a uma granulometria adequada, o que possibilitou o estudo da influência do tipo de material cerâmico (resíduo e da sua granulometria sobre a adsorção do corante azul de metileno. Os resíduos cerâmicos foram separados em três diferentes granulometrias, fina (0,15 mm < Dfino< 0,30 mm, média (0,30 mm < Dmédio< 1,18 mm e grossa (1,18 mm resíduo de tijolo, em uma granulometria fina, foi possível adsorver aproximadamente 76% do corante azul de metileno presente na amostra ensaiada. No entanto, os resultados também mostram que a absorção de água do material cerâmico pode não ser somente o fator que influencia na adsorção do corante.

  4. Within-subjects comparison of the HiRes and Fidelity120 speech processing strategies: speech perception and its relation to place-pitch sensitivity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Donaldson, Gail S; Dawson, Patricia K; Borden, Lamar Z

    2011-01-01

    Previous studies have confirmed that current steering can increase the number of discriminable pitches available to many cochlear implant (CI) users; however, the ability to perceive additional pitches has not been linked to improved speech perception. The primary goals of this study were to determine (1) whether adult CI users can achieve higher levels of spectral cue transmission with a speech processing strategy that implements current steering (Fidelity120) than with a predecessor strategy (HiRes) and, if so, (2) whether the magnitude of improvement can be predicted from individual differences in place-pitch sensitivity. A secondary goal was to determine whether Fidelity120 supports higher levels of speech recognition in noise than HiRes. A within-subjects repeated measures design evaluated speech perception performance with Fidelity120 relative to HiRes in 10 adult CI users. Subjects used the novel strategy (either HiRes or Fidelity120) for 8 wks during the main study; a subset of five subjects used Fidelity120 for three additional months after the main study. Speech perception was assessed for the spectral cues related to vowel F1 frequency, vowel F2 frequency, and consonant place of articulation; overall transmitted information for vowels and consonants; and sentence recognition in noise. Place-pitch sensitivity was measured for electrode pairs in the apical, middle, and basal regions of the implanted array using a psychophysical pitch-ranking task. With one exception, there was no effect of strategy (HiRes versus Fidelity120) on the speech measures tested, either during the main study (N = 10) or after extended use of Fidelity120 (N = 5). The exception was a small but significant advantage for HiRes over Fidelity120 for consonant perception during the main study. Examination of individual subjects' data revealed that 3 of 10 subjects demonstrated improved perception of one or more spectral cues with Fidelity120 relative to HiRes after 8 wks or longer

  5. Análise da eficiência na geração de resíduos sólidos nos terminais de carga geral brasileiro utilizando DEA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Breno Tostes de Gomes Garcia

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available A partir da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, o setor portuário brasileiro foi obrigado a gerenciar os resíduos sólidos gerados nos portos e terminais portuários. A partir disto, o levantamento do inventário dos resíduos, da carga movimentada e da quantidade de atracações possibilitou analisar a eficiência na geração dos resíduos sólidos dos terminais portuários cuja natureza da carga selecionada foi a carga geral.  Para isto, utilizou o modelo DEA BCC, por considerar retornos variáveis de escala, orientado a output. O resultado evidenciou que a DMU mais eficiente foi a que menos gerou resíduos sólidos da amostra, entretanto, uma DMU não apresentou o maior valor para a eficiência padrão, mas apresentou valor máximo na composta, gerando uma inconsistência nos resultados. Apesar disto, o modelo permitiu analisar as referências das DMU’s ineficientes, onde é possível ter mais de uma DMU eficiente como referência para se tornarem eficientes.

  6. EmployRES. The impact of renewable energy policy on economic growth and employment in the European Union. Final report

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ragwitz, M.; Schade, W.; Breitschopf, B.; Walz, R.; Helfrich, N.; Rathmann, M.; Resch, G.; Panzer, C.; Faber, T.; Haas, R.; Nathani, C.; Holzhey, M.; Konstantinaviciute, I.; Zagame, P.; Fougeyrollas, A.; Le Hir, B.

    2009-04-01

    This study aims to meet the need for scientifically robust information on the gross effects (direct and indirect) as well as on the net effects (including both conventional replacement and budget effects) of renewable energy policies in Europe. Furthermore, the future development of RES in Europe will take place against the background of a global market for RES technology. This global market and the potential share of European industries in it will play a critical role in the potentials for growth and employment. This study aims to provide a sound scientific analysis of these issues. This report is divided into four main parts, A, B, C and D. While the first three covers the introduction, the theoretical approach, the modelling steps and structure of the report, the fourth part, part D, discusses in detail the models and results of the projects. It begins with chapter D 1 which describes past RES deployment and its costs. Then follows the past macroeconomic impacts presented by gross effects on employment and value added (D 2). Thereafter, the future potential (D 3) and future deployment (D 4) of renewable energy sources (RES) are discussed. Before the presentation of the future gross and net effects, the five scenarios used in the macro-economic models (D 5) are explained in detail. Finally we depict the future gross and net impacts on employment and GDP in D 6 and D 7, respectively. The comparison between the results of the two models and our conclusion for the study follows in chapter D 8 and 9

  7. A simple miniature device for wireless stimulation of neural circuits in small behaving animals.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Yisi; Langford, Bruce; Kozhevnikov, Alexay

    2011-10-30

    The use of wireless neural stimulation devices offers significant advantages for neural stimulation experiments in behaving animals. We demonstrate a simple, low-cost and extremely lightweight wireless neural stimulation device which is made from off-the-shelf components. The device has low power consumption and does not require a high-power RF preamplifier. Neural stimulation can be carried out in either a voltage source mode or a current source mode. Using the device, we carry out wireless stimulation in the premotor brain area HVC of a songbird and demonstrate that such stimulation causes rapid perturbations of the acoustic structure of the song. Published by Elsevier B.V.

  8. A novel fiber-free technique for brain activity imaging in multiple freely behaving mice

    Science.gov (United States)

    Inagaki, Shigenori; Agetsuma, Masakazu; Nagai, Takeharu

    2018-02-01

    Brain functions and related psychiatric disorders have been investigated by recording electrophysiological field potential. When recording it, a conventional method requires fiber-based apparatus connected to the brain, which however hampers the simultaneous measurement in multiple animals (e.g. by a tangle of fibers). Here, we propose a fiber-free recording technique in conjunction with a ratiometric bioluminescent voltage indicator. Our method allows investigation of electrophysiological filed potential dynamics in multiple freely behaving animals simultaneously over a long time period. Therefore, this fiber-free technique opens up the way to investigate a new mechanism of brain function that governs social behaviors and animal-to-animal interaction.

  9. SANTÉ PUBLIQUE Les troubles de santé font fi des frontières – les ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    SANTÉ PUBLIQUE Les troubles de santé font fi des frontières – les connaissances et les solutions devraient elles ... Dangers du tabac et des narguilés pour la santé ... ÉTUDE DE CAS : Nouvelles armes dans la guerre contre le paludisme.

  10. Resíduo agroindustrial na formação de mudas ornamentais irrigadas com água residuária

    OpenAIRE

    Aline Costa Ferreira; Viviane F. Silva; Kalyne S. A. de Brito; Elka Costa Nascimento

    2014-01-01

    O reuso de água de esgoto tratada juntamente com o uso de resíduos industriais para a formação de mudas de girassol ornamental vem sendo uma alternativa econômica para o estado da Paraíba. Nesse contexto, a pesquisa foi realizada objetivando-se a utilização de resíduo agroindustrial na formação de mudas ornamentais irrigadas com água residuária. Desenvolvido em ambiente protegido na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande – UFCG, localizado no Estado da Paraíba-PB, utilizaram-se os seguintes t...

  11. Resíduos sólidos e meio ambiente : a sistematização do lixo no direito brasileiro

    OpenAIRE

    Cecília Toscano Vieira Pinto, Ana

    2004-01-01

    Os resíduos sólidos conhecidos vulgarmente como lixo , é um problema que afeta todos os setores da sociedade, encontrando-se vinculado à degradação do meio ambiente. Apesar de estudado por outras áreas, principalmente a de Engenharia e a de Medicina, não recebeu da seara jurídica o devido enfoque, o que só aumenta a dramaticidade da questão. A presente dissertação possui como objetivo descrever a normatização relativa ao tratamento dos resíduos sólidos no Direito Brasileiro e ...

  12. Avaliação dos resíduos de uma serraria para a produção de celulose kraft

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lucas Cândido Barbosa

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509814589As indústrias de base florestal apresentam baixo rendimento e geram grande quantidade de resíduos, especialmente as indústrias de transformação primária como, por exemplo, as serrarias. No Brasil, estão sendo criadas iniciativas para aliar a utilização desses resíduos à produção de celulose. Dentro deste propósito, o presente trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar o rendimento de uma serraria de médio porte localizada no município de Rio Grande, RS, e promover análises físico-químicas dos resíduos gerados na etapa de desdobro. Foram utilizadas 20 toras de Pinus elliottii, divididas em duas classes diamétricas. Os resíduos, com exceção da serragem, coletados para análises, encontravam-se dispostos no pátio da empresa, na forma de cavacos. As seguintes propriedades físico-químicas dos cavacos foram analisadas: densidade básica, teor de extrativos solúvel em acetona, grupos acetilas, lignina solúvel e insolúvel em ácido (lignina Klason, grupos urônicos e carboidratos. Como principais resultados verificou-se um ligeiro aumento do rendimento em madeira serrada das madeiras de maiores diâmetros em relação às de menores diâmetros. Das análises físico-químicas foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: densidade básica de 0,402 g/cm³, teor de celulose de 37,42% e de 24,37% para hemiceluloses, lignina Klason de 26,75% e teor de extrativos de 3,80%. Concluiu-se, nesse estudo, que o baixo rendimento da serraria foi devido à falta de uma classificação diamétrica e diagramas de cortes apropriados para as toras, o que resulta em maior perda de madeira na forma de resíduos. Em relação às características química e física dos resíduos madeireiros, os resultados mostraram-se dentro dos padrões de qualidade da madeira utilizada para a produção de celulose kraft de fibra longa e, em algumas situações, apresentando vantagens em relação às madeiras mais jovens usualmente

  13. Sorcières, 1976-1981. Etude d’une revue féministe. Master 1, Université de Lille III, (dir. Florence Tamagne, 2009

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Caroline Goldblum

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available L’aventure Sorcières est une véritable épopée ; celle d’une revue de femmes qui voit le jour en 1976 au beau milieu de la décennie dite « des femmes » et en plein cœur de l’explosion de la presse féministe. Sorcières fut fondée par Xavière Gauthier dans le but de donner ou rendre la parole aux femmes pour qu’elles puissent exprimer leur créativité : « Je voudrais que Sorcières soit un lieu ouvert pour toutes les femmes qui luttent en tant que femmes, qui cherchent et disent (écrivent, chanten...

  14. Chronic monitoring of cortical hemodynamics in behaving, freely-moving rats using a miniaturized head-mounted optical microscope

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sigal, Iliya; Gad, Raanan; Koletar, Margaret; Ringuette, Dene; Stefanovic, Bojana; Levi, Ofer

    2016-03-01

    Growing interest within the neurophysiology community in assessing healthy and pathological brain activity in animals that are awake and freely-behaving has triggered the need for optical systems that are suitable for such longitudinal studies. In this work we report label-free multi-modal imaging of cortical hemodynamics in the somatosensory cortex of awake, freely-behaving rats, using a novel head-mounted miniature optical microscope. The microscope employs vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) at three distinct wavelengths (680 nm, 795 nm, and 850 nm) to provide measurements of four hemodynamic markers: blood flow speeds, HbO, HbR, and total Hb concentration, across a > 2 mm field of view. Blood flow speeds are extracted using Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (LSCI), while oxygenation measurements are performed using Intrinsic Optical Signal Imaging (IOSI). Longitudinal measurements on the same animal are made possible over the course of > 6 weeks using a chronic window that is surgically implanted into the skull. We use the device to examine changes in blood flow and blood oxygenation in superficial cortical blood vessels and tissue in response to drug-induced absence-like seizures, correlating motor behavior with changes in blood flow and blood oxygenation in the brain.

  15. Electric personnel carrier introduced : RES Equipment Sales spearheads development of electric underground vehicle

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tollinsky, N.

    2010-01-01

    RES Equipment Sales of Dryden, Ontario is leading the development of a battery-powered personnel utility vehicle for underground mining applications. Among the advantages of the battery-powered personnel carrier are quietness of the carrier and zero emissions, which eliminates particulates from diesel engines and reduces the need for ventilation. This article discussed the design and building of the vehicle. It was designed to accommodate up to 3 battery packs, depending on the frequency of use. Swapping batteries takes between 2 or 3 minutes. Spent batteries must be plugged in for 6 hours and rest for another 6 to 8 hours before being ready for service. The vehicle accommodates 2 or 3 people and travels at speeds of 6 to 8 miles per hour. This article also provided background information on RES Equipment Sales. The company remanufactures underground mining equipment, including load-haul-dump machines, jumbos, haul trucks and utility vehicles. In addition, the company sells and services new equipment, including Oldenburg Cannon jumbos, scalers and utility vehicles, as well as Canun International pneumatic rock drills and NPK rock breakers. 1 ref., 1 fig.

  16. Liberação de resíduos ligados de atrazina de solos por meio de esterilização por autoclavagem e radiação gama

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    L. E. Nakagawa

    1997-12-01

    Full Text Available Para estudar a influência de microrganismos nos processos de dissipação de pesticidas em solos, os métodos de esterilização são, particularmente, importantes. Este trabalho, realizado nos laboratórios do Instituto Biológico de São Paulo, em agosto de 1996, avaliou a influência de dois métodos de esterilização de solo - calor úmido (autoclavagem e radiação γ - no processo de liberação de resíduos ligados. Tomaram-se, como exemplos, resíduos ligados do herbicida atrazina em dois tipos de solo (gley húmico e latossolo vermelho-escuro. Nas amostras de solo submetidas à esterilização por calor úmido, a recuperação dos resíduos previamente ligados como resíduos reextraíveis foi de 5,0 e 5,9 vezes superior à dos controles, não submetidos a qualquer processo de esterilização. Portanto, o próprio método de esterilização liberou os resíduos, o que indica que, para estudar a influência de microrganismos na liberação de resíduos ligados, a autoclavagem não é o método mais adequado. Por outro lado, verificou-se que a radiação γ não alterou a recuperação dos resíduos em relação aos controles.

  17. Economia Política da Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos Municipais em Vitória (Espírito Santo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jérémie Cavé

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available O artigo trata das interações entre a globalização dos intercâmbios econômicos e a gestão dos resíduos sólidos municipais, através do estudo de caso de Vitória-ES. Além do serviço municipal de gestão do lixo, uma diversidade de atores participa da economia da recuperação dos resíduos sólidos secos. O lixo sendo por definição aquilo que não pertence a ninguém, esses diversos atores disputam sua apropriação e conflitos surgem. Ora, a recuperação dos resíduos recicláveis é um setor de intervenção cujo caráter lucrativo é instável, dependente das variações de valor das matérias primas. A questão que se coloca, para os poderes públicos, é a de como conciliar uma cadeia de captação de resíduos sólidos ritmada pelas flutuações do mercado com um serviço publico territorial?

  18. A problemática dos resíduos em sistemas gelificados para a limpeza de pinturas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Teresa Moreira Braga Teves Reis

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available A limpeza de superfícies pictóricas com sistemas gelificados tem vindo a levantar diversas questões e opiniões contraditórias que se prendem com a deposição de resíduos de alguns componentes dos géis, nomeadamente os surfactantes, nas superfícies tratadas, e com potenciais riscos que ditos sistemas gelificados podem apresentar para os materiais constituintes das pinturas. Propôs-se neste artigo fazer uma revisão generalizada da informação já publicada acerca dos resíduos de géis, numa tentativa de informar outros colegas da profissão acerca deste assunto e assim fomentar tomadas de decisões mais esclarecidas relativamente a uma das operações que mais riscos apresenta para uma pintura: a sua limpeza.

  19. Règles formelles et pratiques informelles des caissières d’un hypermarché

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sophie Bernard

    2003-06-01

    Full Text Available Depuis la loi Aubry de Réduction Collective du Temps de Travail à trente-cinq heures, les discours sur la flexibilité abondent. Nous concentrerons ici notre analyse sur l’organisation du temps de travail des caissières d’un hypermarché en nous basant sur les résultats obtenus suite à une enquête de cinq mois (observation participante suivie d’entretiens réalisée dans un hypermarché de la banlieue parisienne. Outre le fait d’être essentiellement féminine à temps partiel flexible, cette population présente l’intérêt de fonctionner selon une gestion du temps de travail en « îlots-caisse », dont nous rappellerons les caractéristiques. Cette étude nous permettra ainsi de saisir à partir d’un cas concret les stratégies de résistance opposées par les caissières à une gestion du temps de travail extrêmement rigide et réglementée propre au secteur de la grande distribution.

  20. Influência da adição de resíduo de gesso no calor de hidratação da argamassa de revestimento interno

    OpenAIRE

    Bernhoeft,Luiz Fernando; Gusmão,Alexandre Duarte; Tavares,Yêda Vieira Póvoas

    2011-01-01

    O objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar a influência da adição de resíduo beneficiado de pasta de gesso como agregado no calor de hidratação da argamassa de gesso para uso em revestimentos internos. Na metodologia utilizada foi fixada a relação água/gesso de 0,66, valor obtido por meio de ensaio de consistência normal, e executados ensaios comparativos entre o gesso natural e o gesso aditivado com 5% e 10 % de resíduo. Para as adições de 5% e 10% de resíduo, os resultados mostraram a dim...

  1. Reaproveitamento de resíduo sólido proveniente do setor siderúrgico em cerâmica vermelha

    OpenAIRE

    Oliveira,G. E.; Holanda,J. N. F.

    2004-01-01

    Este trabalho mostra os resultados de um estudo sobre a incorporação de resíduo sólido proveniente do setor siderúrgico na formulação de uma massa argilosa utilizada na fabricação de cerâmica vermelha. As massas preparadas continham os seguintes teores de resíduo de siderurgia: 0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5 e 3,0% em peso. Os resultados de difração de raios X, distribuição de tamanho de partículas e limites de Atterberg são apresentados para as massas argilosas. Os corpos-de-prova foram conforma...

  2. Índice de adequação do gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos urbanos como ferramenta para o planejamento: aplicação no estado de São Paulo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rodrigo Custódio Urban

    Full Text Available RESUMO: Considerando as diretrizes de gestão e gerenciamento da Política Nacional dos Resíduos Sólidos e a necessidade de uma visão ampla da problemática dos resíduos sólidos urbanos, este artigo propôs uma metodologia qualitativa de análise regional dos resíduos sólidos urbanos, baseada em um índice aplicado como ferramenta de planejamento. Apresentou-se, também, um panorama dos resíduos sólidos urbanos gerados no estado de São Paulo. Para o desenvolvimento do método, foram usados dados de geração de resíduos, população e desenvolvimento humano. Planilhas de cálculo e sistema de informações geográficas foram empregadas como ferramentas. Um índice de adequação do gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos urbanos foi gerado a partir da atribuição de pesos para variáveis de população, geração de resíduos sólidos urbanos, coleta seletiva e dos resíduos de serviço de saúde e participação em consórcios intermunicipais. Foi obtida uma equação para estimativa da geração de resíduos sólidos urbanos em função da população do estado de São Paulo, com R²=0,9977. O índice de adequação do gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos urbanos não apresentou tendência espacial, mas possibilitou identificar municípios com maiores problemas na gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos. Uma análise dos aterros regionais foi realizada, os quais, em sua maioria, estão localizados próximos aos municípios de maior porte do estado de São Paulo. Existe necessidade de aumentar a quantidade de aterros regionais próximos aos municípios de menor porte da parte Oeste do estado. A metodologia do índice de adequação do gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos urbanos se mostrou adequada para uma análise regional da problemática de resíduos, podendo ser adaptada para outras áreas de estudo, em regiões administrativas diversificadas. Não foi encontrada correlação entre os dados de geração e de desenvolvimento humano.

  3. Desenvolvimento de modelo conceitual de telha ecológica a partir de resíduos de PET e gesso da construção

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    S. Teske

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho apresenta o gesso na construção civil, suas aplicações, características e o desperdício associado. É exposta a legislação brasileira pertinente ao gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos na construção, e mais especificamente as resoluções CONAMA 307/02 e 431/11, em que o resíduo de gesso passou a ter uma reclassificação quanto a sua destinação. Assim, esse passou a ser considerado um material passível de reutilização e reciclagem. Dessa forma, o objetivo do trabalho foi investigar a viabilidade técnica de aproveitamento de resíduos de gesso como matéria-prima para materiais de construção, no caso, pela incorporação deste em telhas. Assim, é feita uma descrição dos tipos de telhas, suas características e métodos de fabricação, como também a exposição de dois tipos de telhas recicladas. É descrito também o albedo, associado com o benefício de telhados brancos na redução da temperatura dentro das edificações nos dias de maior calor. Foi feita uma lista com as formas e cobrimentos possíveis para a adaptação do gesso na telha, e a partir de características favoráveis às telhas foi escolhido o modelo a ser detalhado, a partir de uma matriz avaliativa. O modelo escolhido foi o Colonial Gigante, com capa polimérica feita de resíduo de PET (politereftaleno de etileno envolvendo o resíduo de gesso. Um modelo 3D foi desenvolvido, e a telha foi nomeada de Telha GePET. Foram definidas em laboratório a umidade e a massa específica aparente e unitária do resíduo de gesso. Diversas características da telha foram descritas, como suas dimensões, massa, fonte de matéria-prima, produção, instalação no telhado, manutenção e durabilidade, o descarte após sua vida útil, o albedo, o isolamento térmico e o valor da telha. Concluiu-se que é possível a fabricação de uma telha com resíduos de gesso, juntamente com o resíduo de PET, tornando-a um produto mais sustentável e 100% reciclável.

  4. Les élastomères dans les industries pétrolière et parapétrolière Elastomers in the Oil and Automotive Industries

    OpenAIRE

    Lesage J.

    2006-01-01

    L'accroissement des contraintes subies par les matériaux utilisés dans les techniques pétrolières et parapétrolières et liées aux températures et pressions élevées ainsi qu'aux agressions chimiques, fait que l'on exige de ces matériaux qu'ils soient de plus en plus performants. Ceci implique, pour les concepteurs et utilisateurs de matériel comportant des élastomères en contact avec les hydrocarbures, une connaissance actualisée des produits existants, lesquels sont en constante évolution. On...

  5. Continuous Flow Hygroscopicity-Resolved Relaxed Eddy Accumulation (Hy-Res REA) Method of Measuring Size-Resolved Sea-Salt Particle Fluxes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Meskhidze, N.; Royalty, T. M.; Phillips, B.; Dawson, K. W.; Petters, M. D.; Reed, R.; Weinstein, J.; Hook, D.; Wiener, R.

    2017-12-01

    The accurate representation of aerosols in climate models requires direct ambient measurement of the size- and composition-dependent particle production fluxes. Here we present the design, testing, and analysis of data collected through the first instrument capable of measuring hygroscopicity-based, size-resolved particle fluxes using a continuous-flow Hygroscopicity-Resolved Relaxed Eddy Accumulation (Hy-Res REA) technique. The different components of the instrument were extensively tested inside the US Environmental Protection Agency's Aerosol Test Facility for sea-salt and ammoniums sulfate particle fluxes. The new REA system design does not require particle accumulation, therefore avoids the diffusional wall losses associated with long residence times of particles inside the air collectors of the traditional REA devices. The Hy-Res REA system used in this study includes a 3-D sonic anemometer, two fast-response solenoid valves, two Condensation Particle Counters (CPCs), a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS), and a Hygroscopicity Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (HTDMA). A linear relationship was found between the sea-salt particle fluxes measured by eddy covariance and REA techniques, with comparable theoretical (0.34) and measured (0.39) proportionality constants. The sea-salt particle detection limit of the Hy-Res REA flux system is estimated to be 6x105 m-2s-1. For the conditions of ammonium sulfate and sea-salt particles of comparable source strength and location, the continuous-flow Hy-Res REA instrument was able to achieve better than 90% accuracy of measuring the sea-salt particle fluxes. In principle, the instrument can be applied to measure fluxes of particles of variable size and distinct hygroscopic properties (i.e., mineral dust, black carbon, etc.).

  6. Resúmenes de trabajos clínicos, VI Congreso AEXMUN

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos E. Peña

    1993-07-01

    Full Text Available Resúmentes de los siguientes trabajos: Criterios de muerte cerebral ; Simposio sobre enfermedades del músculo estriado. Avances recientes en enfermedadesmusculares ; Selección y estudio del candidato atrasplante cardíaco ; Histopatología de la polimiositis ; Estructura molecular y mecanismo de acciónde los receptores de hormonas esteroides ; Histopatología de las distrofias musculares ; Tiroideopatías en la vejez; Función tiroidea en pacientes eutiroideos con enfermedad no tiroidea "Síndrome del paciente eutiroideo" ; Hipertensión arterial y endotelio ; Hipertensión renovascular

  7. Review of genus Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer, 1943 (Diptera, Chironomidae from China

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jing Ren

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available The genus Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer, 1943 from China, including 12 species, is reviewed. Five new species, P. (P. binarius sp. n., P. (P. cylindratus sp. n., P. (P. digitus sp. n., P. (P. ovatus sp. n. and P. (P. paucus sp. n. are described and illustrated as adult males. P. (P. cristagus Stur & Sæther, 2004, P. (P. jintutridecima (Sasa, 1996, P. (P. macrovirgatus Sæther & Sublette, 1983, P. (P. morsei Sæther & Sublette, 1983, P. (P. uniserratus Sæther & Sublette, 1983, P. (L. wingoi Sæther & Sublette, 1983 are newly recorded in Oriental Region. A key to the males of Pseudorthocladius in China is presented.

  8. Compostagem de resíduos sólidos de frigorífico Composting of slaughterhouse solid waste

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mônica S. S. de M. Costa

    2009-02-01

    Full Text Available Em virtude da compostagem ser uma alternativa viável e eficiente no tratamento de resíduos agroindustriais, objetivou-se avaliá-la em resíduos provenientes do abate de bovinos e suínos. Confeccionaram-se 12 leiras de compostagem utilizando-se resíduos de frigorífico, palha de trigo e serragem de madeira. O processo foi avaliado pelo monitoramento diário da temperatura, observação da ocorrência de parâmetros indesejáveis (presença de odores desagradáveis e/ou amoniacais, formação de chorume e presença de moscas e larvas e pela capacidade de reciclagem de nutrientes. Os parâmetros indesejáveis foram observados, em média, nos primeiros cinco dias após a confecção das leiras; as temperaturas se elevaram, atingindo picos acima de 70 ºC; quanto à composição química do composto, esta apresentou teores relevantes de macro e micronutrientes demonstrando alto potencial de reciclagem. Recomenda-se a utilização de piso impermeável e estrutura de cobertura durante a compostagem. A freqüência de revolvimentos adotada (15 dias após a confecção da leira, seguida de revolvimentos semanais foi adequada. A melhor relação de peso encontrada foi de 7,2 kg de resíduos para cada kg de palha e 16,6 kg de resíduos para cada kg de serragem.Composting has been a viable and efficient alternative treatment to agroindustrial waste. This experiment was installed with the objective of analyzing the process of composting for slaughterhouse waste. Twelve piles of composting were prepared, using slaughterhouse waste, wheat straw and wood sawdust. The process was evaluated by daily temperature monitoring, observations of the occurrence of undesirable parameters (bad smell and/or ammoniacal smell, grease formation and presence of grubs and flies, as well as the capacity of recycling nutrients. The undesirable parameters were observed, on average, for the first five days after pile building; the temperatures increased, reaching 70 º

  9. Parameters estimation online for Lorenz system by a novel quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gao Fei; Tong Hengqing; Li Zhuoqiu

    2008-01-01

    This paper proposes a novel quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (NQPSO) for the estimation of chaos' unknown parameters by transforming them into nonlinear functions' optimization. By means of the techniques in the following three aspects: contracting the searching space self-adaptively; boundaries restriction strategy; substituting the particles' convex combination for their centre of mass, this paper achieves a quite effective search mechanism with fine equilibrium between exploitation and exploration. Details of applying the proposed method and other methods into Lorenz systems are given, and experiments done show that NQPSO has better adaptability, dependability and robustness. It is a successful approach in unknown parameter estimation online especially in the cases with white noises

  10. Toxoplasmosis in a bar-shouldered dove (Geopelia humeralis) from the zoo of Clères, France

    Science.gov (United States)

    Toxoplasmosis causes mortality in several avian species, especially passerine birds. Toxoplasmosis was diagnosed in a bar-shouldered dove (Geopelia humeralis) found dead at the zoo of Clères (France). The bird had necrotizing pneumonia and nephritis with intralesional tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondi...

  11. Conférence | À quelle distance sommes-nous des Lumières ? | Etienne Klein et François-Xavier Verger | 4 mars

    CERN Multimedia

    2015-01-01

    À quelle distance sommes-nous des Lumières ?, par Etienne Klein et François-Xavier Verger.   Mercredi 4 mars 2015 à 20h30 Globe de la science et de l'innovation Route de Meyrin, 1211 Genève Soirée en français Etienne Klein : L'esprit des Lumières promeut l’autonomie de l’entendement et la primauté de l’esprit scientifique. Il pose également la finalité humaine de nos actes – on ne vise pas Dieu, mais les hommes –, et l’universalité, notamment celle des droits de l’homme. Nous nous considérons volontiers comme les héritiers des Lumières. Mais à quelle distance sommes-nous réellement de leur esprit ? Etienne Klein est physicien, directeur de recherches au CEA et docteur en philosophie des sciences. Il est professeur &a...

  12. Análise normativa para descarte de resíduos de medicamentos - Estudo de caso da Região Sudeste do Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    FALQUETO, Elda

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é analisar aspectos normativos para o gerenciamento de resíduos de medicamentos numa região do Brasil e descrever os elementos fundamentais para a sua prática, valendo-se de exemplos bem-sucedidos e das principais políticas nacionais que norteiam o tema. Este trabalho analisa a legislação federal e da Região Sudeste em relação ao descarte de resíduos de medicamentos visando verificar em que medida as proposições legais contribuem para um gerenciamento eficaz de resíduos. São também avaliadas experiências bem-sucedidas de descarte de medicamentos vencidos. Observou-se que nas legislações existentes há lacunas. Elas estabelecem responsabilidades para os fabricantes, distribuidores e serviços de saúde, mas não instituem ações para o descarte de medicamentos pelos usuários, nem determinam o tipo de tratamento em função das diferentes classes de medicamentos, o que pode prejudicar o correto gerenciamento desses resíduos. Quanto às experiências bem-sucedidas, observou-se que houve articulação entre diferentes atores sociais e esferas de governo para o descarte de medicamentos vencidos. O artigo finaliza com propostas de ações em relação às duas lacunas identificadas. Quanto à conscientização dos usuários, é sugerida ação articulada com programas que têm inserção comunitária como Saúde da Família. A respeito do tratamento específico para classes farmacêuticas, propõe-se ação conjunta universidade- empresa-governo na pesquisa desses tratamentos. Por fim, sugere-se revisão das normas relacionadas aos resíduos de medicamentos.

  13. Etat des lieux et leviers pour réduire les pertes alimentaires dans les filières françaises

    OpenAIRE

    Redlingshofer, Barbara; Coudurier, Bernard; Georget, Martine

    2015-01-01

    A ce jour, peu de données existent sur l’ampleur des pertes alimentaires aux stades amont des filières, en France, en Europe et au-delà. L’étude transversale de l’Inra réalisée par ses Groupes Filières a comme objectif d’apporter des connaissances, pour la France, sur les pertes alimentaires, aux stades de la production agricole jusqu’à la distribution, sur les raisons imputables et sur le devenir de ces pertes. Les leviers d’action d’ores et déjà actionnables pour réduire ces pertes sont ...

  14. Les filières de traitement et de valorisation des boues d'épuration en France. Rapport d'enquête

    OpenAIRE

    Richard, M.; Pradel, M.

    2014-01-01

    / Irstea, en partenariat avec l'Onema, étudie les impacts environnementaux des filières de traitement et de valorisation/élimination des boues d'épuration présentes dans les stations de traitement des eaux usées (STEU) en France. Dans le cadre de la conception et de la structuration d'un outil ACV simplifié, la connaissance des filières boues mises en place en France est nécessaire. Ainsi, une enquête au niveau national a été menée en 2014. L'objectif de cette enquête est dans un premier t...

  15. Identificação de fontes de geração de resíduos sólidos em uma unidade de alimentação e nutrição

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariana Gardin Alves

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available O serviço de alimentação coletiva é identificado como uma grande fonte de desperdício de alimentos. Para obter dados detalhados de perdas de alimentos e geração de resíduos neste setor, os resíduos de uma unidade de alimentação e nutrição (UAN foram classificados em categorias: perdas no estoque e armazenamento, perdas no processamento dos alimentos, na distribuição e na devolução. O estudo teve como objetivo identificar e quantificar os resíduos gerados em uma UAN inserida em uma multinacional produtora de peças automobilísticas, localizada no município de Taubaté, SP, durante cinco dias e propor ações pertinentes à redução do impacto ambiental baseado no princípio dos três “Erres”. Para servir 2.740 refeições foram gerados 486,6 kg de resíduos sólidos, resultando em um per capita médio de 0,177 kg/comensal/dia de resíduos. A geração de resíduos ficou distribuída em: 58,0% no processamento de alimentos, 31,9% na devolução e o 10,1% no estoque e armazenamento. Do total de resíduos 85% eram orgânicos e derivados de: remoção de partes indesejáveis de hortaliças e carnes, restos de alimentos, sobras dos comensais, alimentos vencidos e amostras de alimentos e 15% eram resíduos compostos de papel/papelão, plásticos e latas. A maior geração de resíduos se deu no descarte de partes não comestíveis dos alimentos, sobras de alimentos produzidos e resto-ingestão, resultados esses relacionados ao desperdício dos alimentos, 100% destinados à compostagem. Quanto aos demais resíduos 80% eram destinados à reciclagem e 20% para o aterro sanitário.

  16. Culture et exercice du pouvoir par les femmes dans les sphères de ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Culture et exercice du pouvoir par les femmes dans les sphères de décisions en Afrique de l'Ouest. Cette recherche s'inscrit dans le contexte d'une superposition de deux faits : l'existence d'un arsenal juridique et de dispositions nationales et internationales favorables à une intégration des femmes dans les instances de ...

  17. Liberação de potássio em latossolos tratados com resíduos orgânicos

    OpenAIRE

    Oliveira, Waldete Souza Japiassu de

    2014-01-01

    A taxa de liberação de K varia de um resíduo orgânico para outro e se mostra dependente do grau de humificação, da composição química e do teor e das formas de K no material estudado. Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o potencial e a dinâmica de liberação de potássio de diferentes resíduos e adubos orgânicos incubados em amostras de areia e de latossolos. O experimento foi conduzido no Departamento de Ciência do Solo/UFLA, no Laboratório de Estudo da Matéria Orgânica do Solo...

  18. Caracterização do Resíduo Sólido Proveniente do Processo de Beneficiamento de Areia e sua Viabilidade de Uso em Cerâmica.

    OpenAIRE

    BIFF, Sergio

    2015-01-01

    O presente estudo teve como objetivo efetuar a caracterização química e física do resíduo sólido proveniente do processo de beneficiamento de areia industrial, areia esta destinada às indústrias cerâmicas, vidro e de fundição. Adicionalmente foi avaliado o potencial uso do resíduo na indústria de revestimentos cerâmicos em substituição às matérias-primas convencionalmente utilizadas na composição das massas cerâmicas. O resíduo sólido, objeto deste estudo foi gerado pelo processo de ben...

  19. Voluntary running enhances glymphatic influx in awake behaving, young mice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    von Holstein-Rathlou, Stephanie; Petersen, Nicolas Caesar; Nedergaard, Maiken

    2018-01-01

    Vascular pathology and protein accumulation contribute to cognitive decline, whereas exercise can slow vascular degeneration and improve cognitive function. Recent investigations suggest that glymphatic clearance measured in aged mice while anesthetized is enhanced following exercise. We predicted that exercise would also stimulate glymphatic activity in awake, young mice with higher baseline glymphatic function. Therefore, we assessed glymphatic function in young female C57BL/6J mice following five weeks voluntary wheel running and in sedentary mice. The active mice ran a mean distance of 6km daily. We injected fluorescent tracers in cisterna magna of awake behaving mice and in ketamine/xylazine anesthetized mice, and later assessed tracer distribution in coronal brain sections. Voluntary exercise consistently increased CSF influx during wakefulness, primarily in the hypothalamus and ventral parts of the cortex, but also in the middle cerebral artery territory. While glymphatic activity was higher under ketamine/xylazine anesthesia, we saw a decrease in glymphatic function during running in awake mice after five weeks of wheel running. In summary, daily running increases CSF flux in widespread areas of the mouse brain, which may contribute to the pro-cognitive effects of exercise. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  20. Linking promotion strategies for RES-E and for demand-side conservation in a dynamic European electricity market: Lessons from the EU projects OPTRES, FORRES and GREEN-X. Volume 1

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Faber, Thomas; Resch, Gustav; Haas, Reinhard; Huber, Claus; Ragwitz, Mario

    2007-01-01

    The objective of this paper is to describe the derivation of least-cost strategies for an significant increase of electricity generation from renewables (RES-E) with minimal costs for European citizens and to investigate the role of accompanying demand-side conservation (DSC) activities. The analyses are conducted by using the model GREEN-X funded by the EC. It allows analyses for both, the EU as a whole as well as for every single member state. Within the model the most important RES-E (e.g. biomass, wind-onshore and off-shore, geothermal, PV, solar thermal ...) technologies are described for every EU-15 country by means of dynamic cost-resource curves. Demand-side conservation measures are considered by aggregated cost-resource curves. To analyse various scenarios different policy schemes can be selected, (e.g. feed-in tariffs, tendering systems, investment subsidies, tax incentives, quotas, tradable certificates) and modelled in a dynamic framework. The corresponding costs and benefits for companies and consumers are an output.The major result is that DSC plays an important role for increasing the share of RES-E. E.g. the same deployment of RES in a conservation scenario leads to 28 % of RES-E by 2020 while in the BAU-scenario this share is only 20 %. Moreover, a certain quota of RES - e.g. 20 % - can be reached much cheaper if a certain share of money is invested in DSC. The core conclusion of this analysis is: On EU level it is of superior importance to introduce integrated policies - policies focusing on the promotion of RES and on energy conservation simultaneously - to reap the utmost benefits from public money invested

  1. A Swarm Optimization Genetic Algorithm Based on Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sun, Tao; Xu, Ming-Hai

    2017-01-01

    Quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) algorithm is a variant of the traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO). The QPSO that was originally developed for continuous search spaces outperforms the traditional PSO in search ability. This paper analyzes the main factors that impact the search ability of QPSO and converts the particle movement formula to the mutation condition by introducing the rejection region, thus proposing a new binary algorithm, named swarm optimization genetic algorithm (SOGA), because it is more like genetic algorithm (GA) than PSO in form. SOGA has crossover and mutation operator as GA but does not need to set the crossover and mutation probability, so it has fewer parameters to control. The proposed algorithm was tested with several nonlinear high-dimension functions in the binary search space, and the results were compared with those from BPSO, BQPSO, and GA. The experimental results show that SOGA is distinctly superior to the other three algorithms in terms of solution accuracy and convergence.

  2. Geração de resíduos sólidos em um restaurante de um Hotel da Serra Gaúcha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Josiane Pistorello

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available RESUMOEstudos sobre a geração de resíduos sólidos e desperdício de alimentos em restaurantes são importantes e necessários para a gestão gastronômica e definição de planos de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos. Essa pesquisa avaliou o balanço mássico de um restaurante de um hotel na Região Turística Uva e Vinho no Rio Grande do Sul. Foram coletados dados durante períodos de alta e baixa temporada, caracterizados pela ocorrência ou não de eventos na região (nove semanas intercaladas. Todos os alimentos crus e processados (utilizados no preparo das refeições e oferecidos aos hóspedes e os resíduos gerados foram quantificados. Constatou-se que o desperdício de alimentos ocorre, em geral, devido à oferta ser maior do que o consumo. Conclui-se sobre a importância do desenvolvimento de estudos direcionados à geração e descarte de resíduos sólidos em restaurantes no sentido de otimizar os procedimentos no planejamento gastronômico, reduzir o desperdício de alimentos e adotar técnicas de reaproveitamento e de tratamento desses resíduos.

  3. Blocos solo-cal utilizando resíduo da construção civil Soil-lime bricks using building waste

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    S. M. R. Patricio

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available Novas técnicas vêm sendo desenvolvidas com o objetivo de incentivar o desenvolvimento sustentável e tentar minimizar a degradação ambiental causada pela extração indiscriminada de recursos naturais além da constante geração de resíduos de construção e demolição. Esta pesquisa objetiva avaliar a utilização de resíduos da construção civil, oriundos de demolição, como agente pozolânico na fabricação de blocos solo-cal. As matérias primas convencionais e alternativas (resíduos foram caracterizados por meio dos seguintes ensaios: massa especifica real, área específica, análise granulométrica por peneiramento e por difração á laser,limites de liquidez e plasticidade, análise química e difração de raios X. Para os ensaios tecnológicos foram confeccionados corpos de prova solo-cal no traço 1:10 em peso, com substituição da cal por resíduos nas seguintes proporções: 0, 10, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 e 75%. Os corpos de prova foram curados por períodos de 28, 60 e 90 dias, em câmara úmida com 100% de umidade relativa, em seguida determinada sua resistência à compressão simples e absorção de água. Com os melhores resultados de resistência a compressão simples, foram moldados blocos solo-cal e solo-cal-resíduo. Os resultados obtidos com os blocos solo-cal incorporados com resíduo evidenciaram valores dentro das especificações das normas da ABNT, apontando que existe viabilidade técnica no aproveitamento de resíduos de demolição para uso na fabricação de blocos solo-cal sem função estrutural.New techniques have been developed with the aim of encouraging sustainable development and try to minimize the environmental degradation caused by indiscriminate extraction of natural resources and the constant generation of building waste. This research aims to evaluate the use building waste, as pozzolanic agent in the soil-lime bricks manufacture. Raw materials conventional and alternatives (waste were

  4. Développement folliculaire ovarien et ovulation chez les mammifères

    OpenAIRE

    Monniaux , Danielle; Caraty , Alain; Clement , Frederique; Dalbiès-Tran , Rozenn; Dupont , J.; Fabre , Stéphane; Gérard , N.; Mermillod , Pascal; Monget , Philippe; Uzbekova , Svetlana

    2009-01-01

    Cette revue présente l’état des connaissances sur la folliculogenèse et l’ovulation chez les mammifères. La folliculogenèse basale est une phase de croissance folliculaire lente, au cours de laquelle l’ovocyte acquiert la compétence méiotique. La folliculogenèse terminale est une phase de développement rapide, au cours de laquelle le follicule ovulatoire est sélectionné et termine sa maturation, tandis que l’ovocyte acquiert la compétence au développement. La revue décrit les différents chang...

  5. Bilan des flux de matières particulaires et dissoutes du Sassandra à ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Ce travail a pour objectif l'estimation des apports du fleuve Sassandra. C'est dans ce cadre que les flux de matières particulaires et dissoutes ont été mesurés au cours de l'année 2003 sur le fleuve Sassandra, à la station hydrométrique de Gaoulou. La méthodologie adoptée a consisté à déterminer d'abord les ...

  6. In media res: commenting on the trajectory of lives.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bishop, Jeffery; Barina, Rachelle; Stahl, Devan

    2013-01-01

    The stories in this issue of Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics demonstrate two important things. First these stories explore the space between bodily impairment and the social structures that both enable and constrain the flourishing of those who are differently embodied. The authors of these narratives resist the dominant biomedical interpretation of their impairments, but also demonstrate their dependency upon others--social, medical, or familial others. Second, in writing these narratives, the authors are also engaged in an act of identity formation, which sometimes challenge and sometimes embrace the label of disability. By telling their stories in the middle of the action of their lives--in media res, taking up or resisting the label of disability-they also demonstrate the way in which lives can be lived open to new possibilities and interpretations.

  7. Reciclagem de resíduos da construção civil para a produção de argamassas Granite sawing waste recycling for mortar production

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R. R. Menezes

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available O volume de resíduos inorgânicos gerados a cada ano vem crescendo em todo mundo e apresenta um dos maiores problemas da sociedade moderna. Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a viabilidade de utilização do resíduo da serragem do granito e de resíduos da construção civil como materiais alternativos para a produção de argamassas. Os resíduos foram caracterizados física e mineralogicamente por meio da determinação de distribuição e tamanho de partículas, massa e área específica, composição química, difração de raios X e análise térmica diferencial. Foi determinado o índice de atividade pozolânica com cal dos resíduos da construção. Foram formuladas composições de argamassas substituindo parcialmente a cal pelos resíduos, e moldados corpos-de-prova. Os corpos-de-prova foram curados por 7, 14, 28 e 60 dias e, em seguida, foi determinada a resistência à compressão simples. Os resíduos apresentam elevados teores de SiO2, Al2O3 e Fe2O3 e possuem as fases cristalinas quartzo, mica, feldspato, carbonato de cálcio e óxido de ferro. A substituição do aglomerante por resíduos na produção de argamassas pode ser efetuada com sucesso em teores de até 50% e os resíduos com atividade pozolânica propiciam aumentos significativos na resistência à compressão simples das argamassas.Around the world the amount of inorganic wastes has increased dramatically and is one of the most important issues for modern society. This work has as aim to analyze the suitability of granite sawing waste and construction wastes as alternative raw materials for the production of mortars. The wastes were physically and mineralogical characterized by the determination of particle size distribution, specific mass and specific area, chemical composition, X-ray diffraction, and differential thermal analysis. The pozzolanic activity index with hydrated lime of construction wastes was determined. Mortar compositions were formulated

  8. Can Energy Cost During Low-Intensity Resistance Exercise be Predicted by the OMNI-RES Scale?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vianna, Jefferson M.; Reis, Victor M.; Saavedra, Francisco; Damasceno, Vinicius; Silva, Sérgio G.; Goss, Fredric

    2011-01-01

    The aim of the present study was to assess the precision of the OMNI-RES scale to predict energy cost (EC) at low intensity in four resistance exercises (RE). 17 male recreational body builders (age = 26.6 ± 4.9 years; height = 177.7 ± 0.1 cm; body weight = 79.0 ± 11.1 kg and percent body fat = 10.5 ± 4.6%) served as subjects. Initially tests to determine 1RM for four resistance exercises (bench press, half squat, lat pull down and triceps extension) were administered. Subjects also performed resistance exercise at 12, 16, 20, and 24% of 1RM at a rate of 40 bpm until volitional exhaustion. Oxygen uptake (VO2) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) using the OMNI-RES were obtained during and after all RE. EC was calculated using VO2 and the caloric values of VO2 for non-protein RER. Regression analyses were performed for every RE, using EC as the dependent and RPE as the predictor variable. The triceps extension, lat pull down and bench press, RPE correlated strongly with EC (R > 0.97) and predicted EC with a error of less than 0.2 kcal.min−1. In conclusion, RPE using the OMNI-RES scale can be considered as an accurate indicator of EC in the bench press, lat pull down and triceps extension performed by recreational bodybuilders, provided lower intensities are used (up to 24% of 1-RM) and provided each set of exercise is performed for the maximal sustainable duration. It would be interesting in future studies to consider having the subjects exercise at low intensities for longer durations than those in the present study. PMID:23486188

  9. Mécanismes d'écoulement des charges à la surface des polymères granulaires

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. Kachi

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available Les forces électriques s’exerçant sur des polymères granulaires chargés sont mises à profit dans plusieurs processus électrostatiques. La dynamique de charges de surface de ces matériaux est très importante pour ce type de processus. Le but de ce papier est d’analyser l’écoulement des charges à la surface de couches compactes de polymères granulaires, en interprétant les mesures sans contact réalisées par trois sondes de potentiel, de champ et de charge, ayant chacune une taille différente. Des mesures du profile de potentiel à différents instants sont également réalisées afin d’expliquer les différences entre les vitesses de déclin de potentiel, de champ et de charge mesurées par les trois sondes. Les résultats mettent en évidence un écoulement transversal et longitudinal de la charge surfacique.

  10. Avaliação do potencial de aproveitamento energético dos resíduos de madeira e derivados gerados em fábricas do polo moveleiro de Ubá - MG

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rogério Machado Pinto Farage

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050988454O presente estudo avaliou o potencial de reaproveitamento energético dos resíduos de madeira e seus derivados gerados no Polo Moveleiro de Ubá, MG. Painéis reconstituídos de MDF (medium density fiberboard, aglomerado e compensado foram caracterizados e classificados, identificando assim as oportunidades e possíveis limitações quanto à sua utilização. Por meio de diagnóstico realizado em 11 fábricas de móveis, verificou-se que os resíduos de madeira compreendem mais de 90 % do total dos resíduos sólidos gerados. Além da grande quantidade gerada, não foi identificada nenhuma ação integrada entre as fábricas do Polo para o adequado gerenciamento dos resíduos, negligenciando seus riscos ambientais e sanitários, bem como seu potencial energético. Contudo, os teores de umidade e poder calorífico dos resíduos demonstraram potencial para o seu reaproveitamento energético através da produção de briquetes. Os gases gerados em ensaios de combustão dos resíduos não apresentaram substâncias ou compostos tóxicos acima dos limites preconizados pelas normas ambientais, verificando, neste aspecto, um bom desempenho ambiental para o aproveitamento destes resíduos conforme proposto pelo presente estudo. Entretanto, as cinzas dos resíduos de aglomerado BP (baixa pressão e FF (finish foil apresentaram elevadas concentrações de cromo, enquadrando-se como Classe I (perigosos, segundo a ABNT/NBR 10004/2004.

  11. Resíduos de agrotóxicos em frutos de tomate Pesticide residues in tomato fruits

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leslie Maria Segura Zavatti

    1999-03-01

    Full Text Available O uso intensivo de agrotóxicos em culturas de tomates tem causado preocupações quanto à provável contaminação do produto final. Este trabalho teve como objetivo monitorar, por dois anos consecutivos, em quatro propriedades de uma área altamente tecnificada, o uso de agrotóxicos em tomate irrigado durante seu desenvolvimento, quantificar os resíduos dos principais princípios ativos utilizados, e avaliar o grau de contaminação dos frutos colhidos. Foram analisados metamidofós, clorpirifós, captan, clorotalonil, endosulfan, lambda-cialotrina, e cobre. Para avaliar o grau de contaminação dos frutos foi validado um método de análise de resíduos múltiplos capaz de quantificar esses compostos. Os resíduos encontrados foram de fungicidas e inseticidas aplicados nas fases de frutificação e maturação: captan, 0,35 mg/kg, na Fazenda 2; clorotalonil, 0,16 mg/kg e 0,95 mg/kg, nas Fazendas 1 e 2, respectivamente; lambda-cialotrina, 0,03 mg/kg, na Fazenda 2; cobre, 2,03 mg/kg, 3,75 mg/kg e 1,44mg/kg, nas Fazendas 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente, e 0,95 mg/kg, 1,70 mg/kg e 2,31 mg/kg, na Fazenda 4. Não ocorreram resíduos dos inseticidas organofosforados, aplicados principalmente durante o desenvolvimento vegetativo da cultura. Não houve contaminação dos tomates pelos agrotóxicos analisados. Os resíduos que devem ser monitorados são os dos agrotóxicos aplicados na fase de maturação da cultura.The intensive use of pesticide in tomato crops have been causing concern about a possible contamination of the final product. This work aimed at monitoring, for two years, in four farms located in a high technology area, the use of pesticides in irrigated tomato crops, quantifying the main active ingredient residues and evaluating the contamination level of the fruits. The components analised were: methamidophos, chlorpyrifos, captan, chlorothalonil, endosulfan, lambda-cyhalothrin and copper oxychloride. In order to evaluate the contamination

  12. Venelastest Res Publica toetajad Ida-Virus võivad uuele parteile selja pöörata / Erik Kalda

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kalda, Erik, 1969-

    2006-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Severnoje Poberezhje 6. apr. lk. 3, Narvskaja Nedelja 8. apr. lk. 2. Suur osa Ida-Virumaal elavatest Res Publica liikmetest ning toetajatest ei poolda erakonna ühinemist Isamaaliiduga, sest paljude venelaste meelest on Isamaaliit nende huve eirav partei

  13. MitoRes: a resource of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes and their products in Metazoa.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Catalano, Domenico; Licciulli, Flavio; Turi, Antonio; Grillo, Giorgio; Saccone, Cecilia; D'Elia, Domenica

    2006-01-24

    Mitochondria are sub-cellular organelles that have a central role in energy production and in other metabolic pathways of all eukaryotic respiring cells. In the last few years, with more and more genomes being sequenced, a huge amount of data has been generated providing an unprecedented opportunity to use the comparative analysis approach in studies of evolution and functional genomics with the aim of shedding light on molecular mechanisms regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism. In this context, the problem of the optimal extraction of representative datasets of genomic and proteomic data assumes a crucial importance. Specialised resources for nuclear-encoded mitochondria-related proteins already exist; however, no mitochondrial database is currently available with the same features of MitoRes, which is an update of the MitoNuc database extensively modified in its structure, data sources and graphical interface. It contains data on nuclear-encoded mitochondria-related products for any metazoan species for which this type of data is available and also provides comprehensive sequence datasets (gene, transcript and protein) as well as useful tools for their extraction and export. MitoRes http://www2.ba.itb.cnr.it/MitoRes/ consolidates information from publicly external sources and automatically annotates them into a relational database. Additionally, it also clusters proteins on the basis of their sequence similarity and interconnects them with genomic data. The search engine and sequence management tools allow the query/retrieval of the database content and the extraction and export of sequences (gene, transcript, protein) and related sub-sequences (intron, exon, UTR, CDS, signal peptide and gene flanking regions) ready to be used for in silico analysis. The tool we describe here has been developed to support lab scientists and bioinformaticians alike in the characterization of molecular features and evolution of mitochondrial targeting sequences. The

  14. Gerenciamento de resíduos em empresas do setor hortifrúti localizadas na região do Cariri – Ceará

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leyna Bezerra de Moura

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available O Brasil está entre os 10 países que mais desperdiçam alimentos no mundo. Aproximadamente 35% da produção agrícola nacional tornam-se lixo, que representa quantitativamente valores acima de 10 milhões de toneladas de alimentos, e caso estes não sejam considerados a alguma finalidade, podem comprometer o meio ambiente.Mediante o grande desperdício de alimentos ocorridos na região do Cariri, dentre eles os de maior destaque são as frutas e hortaliças, com consequente geração de resíduos originários das etapas de produção, distribuição e comercialização. Ressalta-se a importância de conhecimentos acerca da adoção de práticas em respeito ao ambiente, portanto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o gerenciamento de resíduos provenientes de determinadas empresas do setor hortifrúti da região do Cariri. Diante dos resultados encontrados neste estudo observou-se que todas as empresas geram resíduos e que estão sendo capazes de utilizá-los atribuindo aos mesmos finalidades como alimentação animal e compostagem, o que nos garante que tais empresas, preconizam condutas de gerenciamento de resíduos adequadas, adotando uma postura ética de comprometimento com o social e o meio ambiente.Palavras-chave: desperdício, compostagem, meio ambiente.

  15. Acompanhamento da hidratação de cimento Portland simples com resíduo de bauxita

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R. C. O. Romano

    Full Text Available Resumo A substituição parcial de cimento Portland por resíduo de bauxita (RB resulta em produtos com, no mínimo, propriedades similares às dos produtos fabricados com o ligante puro. No entanto, as interações físico-químicas entre os diferentes tipos de cimento e o RB durante a reação de hidratação ainda é pouco explorada em literatura. A elevada quantidade de sódio e a presença de Al2O3, SiO2 e Fe2O3 são fatores que afetam a formação dos produtos hidratados e dependem do tipo de cimento utilizado na mistura. Sendo assim, este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o impacto da presença do resíduo de bauxita em associação ao cimento Portland simples nas primeiras idades de hidratação. Calorimetria de condução isotérmica, difração de raios X, análise termogravimétrica e espectroscopia de infravermelho foram as técnicas escolhidas para o monitoramento. Os resultados ilustraram que a presença do resíduo coletado na planta da Alcoa (Poços de Caldas aumenta o tempo de indução, o consumo de portlandita, e as quantidades de etringita e monossulfoaluminato formadas. Ao mesmo tempo, houve formação de silicoaluminato de sódio e bicarbonato de sódio, devido às reações com silicatos, aluminatos e com o carbonato do cimento.

  16. Reaproveitamento do resíduo de gesso na execução de revestimento interno de vedação vertical

    OpenAIRE

    Tavares, Yêda Vieira Póvoas; Lordsleem Júnior, Alberto Casado; Schmitz, Italo Benjamin Telles Arruda; John, Vanderley Moacyr

    2010-01-01

    O gesso está sendo utilizado em larga escala como revestimento interno de paredes por ser um material barato e de alto desempenho. No entanto, há uma grande geração de resíduo, o que constitui um problema econômico e ambiental. Embora se observe um interesse crescente no uso desse resíduo como revestimento de vedação interna, há um grande desconhecimento a respeito de sua tecnologia de produção, bem como de seu comportamento. O objetivo desta pesquisa é estudar o desempenho desse material atr...

  17. Ken-Marti Vaher : Paremjõudude ühinemine on Res Publica esmane ülesanne / Ken-Marti Vaher ; interv. Tanel Mazur

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Vaher, Ken-Marti, 1974-

    2004-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Narvskaja Gazeta, 6. nov. 2004, lk. 2. Ida-Virumaad külastanud justiitsminister Ken-Marti Vaher Rakveres ja Narvas arutatust, praeguse võimupartei Res Publica seisukohtadest, tulevikuplaanidest

  18. Gestão de resíduos de construção e demolição : a resolução CONAMA 307/2002 no Distrito Federal

    OpenAIRE

    Inojosa, Fernanda Cunha Pirillo

    2011-01-01

    O estudo dos resíduos sólidos de construção e demolição - RSCD, conhecidos popularmente como "entulho", justifica-se principalmente por quatro fatores: o grande volume gerado; a dificuldade de disposição final adequada; os riscos ambientais advindos da disposição em depósitos clandestinos e o potencial de reciclagem dos resíduos. O principal instrumento público que regulamenta a gestão desses resíduos é a Resolução nº 307/2002 do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente - CONAMA, que estabelecia pr...

  19. Plano municipal de gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos no município de Araraquara-SP: formulação e implementação

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Audrey Moretti Martins

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available A Lei 12.305, promulgada em 02 de agosto de 2010, surge como um marco regulatório junto às questões de resíduos sólidos no Brasil. Ela designou aos municípios a elaboração de planos de gestão de resíduos na tentativa de solucionar os problemas até então enfrentados pela administração local. Contudo, notada as variadas dificuldades municipais em atender as exigências da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS, o artigo visa analisar o caso do município de Araraquara-SP, por meio da investigação de seu Plano Municipal de Gestão Integrada de Resíduos Sólidos (PMGIRS sob a ótica do cumprimento do Artigo 19 da PNRS, que compreende o conteúdo mínimo dos planos municipais, bem como a aplicação da Matriz SWOT com base em entrevistas com gestores do Departamento Autônomo de Água e Esgotos (DAAE e Cooperativa Acácia, principais órgãos envolvidos na gestão de resíduos sólidos do município. Tais procedimentos tiveram como objetivo contribuir com a construção do cenário local de resíduos sólidos em Araraquara. Resultados evidenciam que o município organizou um estudo nos moldes do Artigo 19 em seu PMGIRS, fixando diretrizes e metas para cada tipo de resíduo sólido encontrado no território. Indicadores apontam que Araraquara, com o passar dos anos, vem se adequando aos preceitos da PNRS e apesar da infraestrutura básica já instalada, o município precisa expandir os investimentos se deseja cumprir as metas declaradas no plano, bem como promover o aprimoramento, modernização e integração do sistema municipal de resíduos sólidos.

  20. Composição de resíduos de varrição e resíduos carreados pela rede de drenagem, em uma bacia hidrográfica urbana Litter composition delivered by street sweeping and by the storm drainage network, in an urban catchment

    OpenAIRE

    Marllus Gustavo Ferreira Passos das Neves; Carlos Eduardo Morelli Tucci

    2011-01-01

    Apresentam-se aqui resultados de estudo sobre a composição física de resíduos sólidos de varrição e também daqueles vindos por uma rede de drenagem, em uma bacia hidrográfica urbana, identificando, dentre outros, influências da frequência do serviço de varrição e da época do ano. Os resíduos de varrição foram provenientes de várias partes do solo da bacia e os da rede de drenagem eram retirados de um poço de casa de bombas, para onde convergia todo o escoamento da rede. Alguns resultados inte...

  1. Hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos em resíduos sólidos industriais: uma avaliação preliminar do risco potencial de contaminação ambiental e humana em áreas de disposição de resíduos Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in industrial solid waste: a preliminary evaluation of the potential risk of environmental and human contamination in waste disposal areas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristina L. S. Sisinno

    2003-04-01

    Full Text Available A disposição adequada dos resíduos sólidos é importante para evitar que os mesmos se transformem em fonte de contaminação ambiental e humana. A NBR 10.004 - Classificação de Resíduos - lista vários hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs e indica que, a presença de pelo menos um deles na massa bruta do resíduo é suficiente para classificá-lo como resíduo perigoso. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a presença de HPAs em amostras de resíduos sólidos provenientes de alguns segmentos industriais, para se obter uma avaliação preliminar do potencial de contaminação que estes resíduos podem representar, caso não recebam destino adequado. Pelo menos um dos HPAs previstos na NBR 10.004 (benzo[a]antraceno, benzo[a]pireno, benzo[b]fluoranteno, benzo[k]fluoranteno, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pireno, criseno ou fluoranteno foi identificado em todos os resíduos estudados, classificando-os como perigosos. Nossos resultados indicam que todos os resíduos estudados continham HPAs de importância toxicológica, o que implica que sua disposição final seja feita em locais adequados para minimizar os riscos à saúde humana e ambiental oriundos das áreas de disposição de resíduos.Proper solid waste disposal is important to avoid human and environmental contamination. The NBR 10,004 Waste Classification lists several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs and indicates that the presence of at least one PAH in a waste sample is enough to classify it as hazardous. The aim of this study was a preliminary evaluation of PAHs in solid waste samples from selected industries to obtain a preliminary overview of their potential for contamination in case of improper disposal. One or more PAHs listed in NBR 10,004 (benzo[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, indene[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene, chrysene, or fluoranthene were found in all samples, thus leading to their classification as hazardous waste. Our results showed

  2. Acquis et défis de la gestion participative des ressources forestières : Cas du Parc National d’Ifrane

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Larbi Aziz

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available Les ressources forestières constituent un capital naturel pour l’approvisionnement des populations locales, en bois, en plantes aromatiques et médicinales et en parcours pour le pâturage. Ces multiples usages ont conduit ces populations à mettre en place une gestion communautaire et très ancienne de ces ressources. Depuis 2002, l’administration des Eaux et Forêts a mis en place une politique forestière basée sur une stratégie de gestion participative. Nous avons étudié les formes de gestion communautaire et par l’administration des ressources forestières dans quatre communes rurales du Parc National d’Ifrane. L’administration organise une mise en défens, fondée sur l’implication et la responsabilisation des populations usagères, organisée en associations sylvo-pastorales ou en coopératives forestières, à travers une incitation financière sous forme de compensation. Ce mécanisme a permis d’obtenir un certain nombre d’acquis : conscientisation des populations vis-à-vis de la mise en défens, investissement des sommes de la compensation dans des projets de développement local, etc. Cependant, ce mécanisme présente certaines fragilités, notamment un risque de non durabilité des mises en défens (du fait que celles-ci ne sont financées que par le budget de l’Etat et un contrôle social plus faible dans les nouvelles associations qui n’ont pas la même légitimité pour prendre des décisions au nom du collectif que les anciennes jmaa.

  3. First results of functional RES scintigraphy using sup(99m)-Tc-labeled human serum albumin millimicrospheres in progressive scleroderma: Possibility of early diagnosis of lung involvement

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Munz, D.L.; Altmeyer, P.; Ehrenheim, C.; Tuengerthal, S.; Holzmann, H.; Hoer, G.; Frankfurt Univ.

    1984-01-01

    Functional RES scintigraphy with sup(99m)Tc-labeled human serum albumin millimicrospheres (sup(99m)Tc-HSA-MM) was conducted in 11 female patients suffering from progressive scleroderma. The RES scan revealed abnormalities in the bone marrow in eight patients as well as pathological changes of the liver in 2 cases. 7 patients showed diffusely enhanced concentrations of sup(99m)Tc-HSA-MM in the lung, whereas X-ray picture and pulmonary function test revealed pathological findings in only 4 patients, respectively. Humoral inflammatory and immunologic parameters, too, indicated abnormalities less frequently than the lung scan. Thus functional RES scintigraphy seems to be a very sensitive approach to the assessment and possibly to the early diagnosis of lung involvement in progressive scleroderma. (orig.) [de

  4. First results of functional RES scintigraphy using sup(99m)-Tc-labeled human serum albumin millimicrospheres in progressive scleroderma: Possibility of early diagnosis of lung involvement

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Munz, D.L.; Altmeyer, P.; Ehrenheim, C.; Tuengerthal, S.; Holzmann, H.; Hoer, G.

    1984-01-01

    Functional RES scintigraphy with sup(99m)Tc-labeled human serum albumin millimicrospheres (sup(99m)Tc-HSA-MM) was conducted in 11 female patients suffering from progressive scleroderma. The RES scan revealed abnormalities in the bone marrow in eight patients as well as pathological changes of the liver in 2 cases. 7 patients showed diffusely enhanced concentrations of sup(99m)Tc-HSA-MM in the lung, whereas X-ray picture and pulmonary function test revealed pathological findings in only 4 patients, respectively. Humoral inflammatory and immunologic parameters, too, indicated abnormalities less frequently than the lung scan. Thus functional RES scintigraphy seems to be a very sensitive approach to the assessment and possibly to the early diagnosis of lung involvement in progressive scleroderma.

  5. Alimentation animale et organisation des filières : une comparaison pois protéagineux-lin oléagineux pour comprendre les facteurs freinant ou favorisant les cultures de diversification

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Charrier François

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Le processus d’intensification des élevages, entamé dans les années 1970, s’est accompagné d’un développement croissant du recours aux aliments dits « composés », fabriqués à partir de différentes matières premières pour la plupart d’origine végétale. Les pratiques de la formulation des fabricants d’aliments composés, fondées sur une très forte substituabilité des matières premières, génèrent une concurrence très forte entre ces commodités. Dans un tel contexte de marché, la valorisation de certaines espèces repose sur des mécanismes permettant de contourner ou de s’affranchir de cette concurrence, mais dont l’efficacité reste fortement dépendante de l’organisation des acteurs au sein des filières. À partir de la comparaison des filières pois et lin, nous montrons ainsi qu’au-delà de la reconnaissance de propriétés nutritionnelles spécifiques pouvant valoriser différemment certaines espèces, la coordination des acteurs le long d’une filière est déterminante dans la diffusion des incitations économiques et informationnelles nécessaires à une orientation des agriculteurs en faveur d’espèces de diversification d’intérêt agro-écologique.

  6. Impact of war on child health in northern Syria: the experience of Médecins Sans Frontières.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Meiqari, Lana; Hoetjes, Maartje; Baxter, Louisa; Lenglet, Annick

    2018-03-01

    Few data are available to evaluate the impact of Syrian war on civilian population; to describe this impact on child health, this article uses data from Médecins Sans Frontières-Operational Centre Amsterdam's activities in Tal-Abyad and Kobane cities, northern Syria (2013-2016). Data were obtained from routine medical datasets and narrative reports, for out-patient clinics, immunisation, nutritional monitoring and assessments, and in-patient care, and were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. Infections were the largest contributor to morbidity. The proportion of war on the health of children; • Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF-OCA) has worked in northern Syria during different times since 2013. What is New • Quantitative and qualitative analysis of MSF's routine medical data and situtation reports show that one fifth of all consultations in children war, e.g. thalassemia.

  7. Qualidade de chapas de partículas de madeira aglomerada fabricadas com resíduos de uma indústria de celulose.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristiane Pedrazzi

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade de chapas aglomeradas fabricadas com resíduos da madeira de Eucalyptus saligna, resultantes da picagem das toras para a confecção de cavacos utilizados na produção de celulose. As chapas foram produzidas com dois tipos de resíduos, palitos e serragem, sendo utilizados puros. O adesivo usado foi à base de uréia-formaldeído em proporções de 4; 8 e 12%, com base na massa seca das partículas, e as densidades nominais das chapas foram de 0,55; 0,65 e 0,75 g/cm3. Foram avaliadas propriedades de flexão estática, ligação interna, arrancamento de parafusos, absorção d'água e inchamento em espessura. Os valores obtidos das propriedades de flexão estática, ligação interna e arrancamento de parafusos aumentaram com a densidade da chapa, assim como com o teor de adesivo, independentemente do tipo de resíduo. No caso da absorção d'água, os valores aumentaram com a redução da densidade, tanto para chapas produzidas com partículas tipo palitos como para serragem. Para inchamento em espessura, os valores aumentaram com a diminuição do teor de adesivo, sem considerar o do tipo de resíduo utilizado. Os resultados permitem concluir que, usando-se tanto partículas tipo palitos quanto serragem com maiores percentagens de adesivo e maiores densidades, podem ser produzidas chapas com qualidade satisfatória.

  8. Real-time supervisor system based on trinary logic to control experiments with behaving animals and humans.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kutz, D F; Marzocchi, N; Fattori, P; Cavalcanti, S; Galletti, C

    2005-06-01

    A new method is presented based on trinary logic able to check the state of different control variables and synchronously record the physiological and behavioral data of behaving animals and humans. The basic information structure of the method is a time interval of defined maximum duration, called time slice, during which the supervisor system periodically checks the status of a specific subset of input channels. An experimental condition is a sequence of time slices subsequently executed according to the final status of the previous time slice. The proposed method implements in its data structure the possibility to branch like an if-else cascade and the possibility to repeat parts of it recursively like the while-loop. Therefore its data structure contains the most basic control structures of programming languages. The method was implemented using a real-time version of LabVIEW programming environment to program and control our experimental setup. Using this supervision system, we synchronously record four analog data channels at 500 Hz (including eye movements) and the time stamps of up to six neurons at 100 kHz. The system reacts with a resolution within 1 ms to changes of state of digital input channels. The system is set to react to changes in eye position with a resolution within 4 ms. The time slices, experimental conditions, and data are handled by relational databases. This facilitates the construction of new experimental conditions and data analysis. The proposed implementation allows continuous recording without an inter-trial gap for data storage or task management. The implementation can be used to drive electrophysiological experiments of behaving animals and psychophysical studies with human subjects.

  9. Estudo do resíduo fosfogesso na formulação de uma pasta para revestimento interno de edifícios

    OpenAIRE

    Oliveira, Jorge Ivan de

    2014-01-01

    O objeto da pesquisa é o fosfogesso, um resíduo da indústria de ácido fosfórico, matéria prima para a produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, detergentes, rações animais, aditivos em alimentos, pesticidas e outros produtos químicos, mais comumente aplicados na agricultura para correção do solo. O fosfogesso resulta da lixiviação ácida da rocha fosfatada com ácido sulfúrico concentrado e água. Como produto dessa reação, tem-se o ácido fosfórico e o resíduo, sulfato de cálcio dihidratado (fosfoge...

  10. Alterações químicas em solos ácidos após a aplicação de resíduos vegetais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. C. Franchini

    1999-09-01

    Full Text Available O conhecimento do comportamento químico de solos ácidos durante a decomposição de resíduos vegetais tem grande importância no manejo destes solos. Em Londrina, foi avaliado, durante os anos de 1995 e 1996, o efeito da incubação (0, 15, 30, 60 e 90 dias de resíduos de nabo, soja e trigo (doses de 2 e 4% finamente moídos com amostras do horizonte Bw de três unidades de solo (Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, Latossolo Roxo e Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro sobre o pH, carbono orgânico dissolvido (COD e Al, Ca, Mg e K trocáveis e solúveis. Nos resíduos vegetais, foram determinados o COD e Ca, Mg e K totais e solúveis. Imediatamente após a aplicação dos resíduos vegetais (tempo zero, ocorreram aumentos no pH, no Ca, Mg e K trocáveis e solúveis, no Al solúvel e no COD e redução no Al trocável. A intensidade dessas alterações foi relacionada com o COD e Ca, Mg e K solúveis nos diferentes resíduos, na seguinte ordem: nabo > soja > trigo. Durante a incubação, o COD na solução do solo foi rapidamente diminuído. A redução do COD com o tempo de incubação não alterou o K, mas reduziu drasticamente o Al, Ca e Mg na solução do solo, demonstrando a importância do COD na manutenção de cátions polivalentes em solução por meio do mecanismo de complexação orgânica. A especiação química demonstrou que acima de 90% do Al total em solução estava na forma orgânica. A composição orgânica e inorgânica da fração hidrossolúvel de resíduos vegetais demonstrou ser a principal responsável pelas alterações químicas observadas nas amostras de solos ácidos.

  11. Obtenção de biodiesel a partir de resíduos gordurosos obtidos de gordura animal - vísceras de frango

    OpenAIRE

    Mateus Afonso Gomes

    2010-01-01

    O foco principal do projeto foi estudar e avaliar os parâmetros da obtenção de Biodiesel tendo como matéria prima o resíduo gorduroso (OGR) obtido de gordura animal, particularmente a de frango. Os objetivos do projeto vão ao encontro de questões intimamente ligadas a área ambiental e socioeconômica que cercam a produção do biodiesel. Para isso, tornou-se necessário seguir as etapas do trabalho proposto e assim, determinar a viabilidade do projeto. Foi necessário obter os resíduos gordurosos ...

  12. A geração de resíduos sólidos no festival gastronômico de Carlos Barbosa : o Festiqueijo

    OpenAIRE

    Néry, Carlos Henrique Cardona

    2008-01-01

    Um evento (festa gastronômica) possui características de um empreendimento turístico que consome água, energia e insumos, gerando resíduos sólidos, emissões gasosas e água residuária. Assim, é importante a identificação das diferentes formas de impactos ambientais decorrentes de festas dessa natureza, no sentido de melhor contemplar a variável ambiental no planejamento das mesmas. O presente estudo se propõe avaliar a geração de resíduos sólidos em um festival gastronômico, que faz parte de u...

  13. Produção de inoculante micorrízico on farm utilizando resíduos da indústria florestal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marlon João Czerniak

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available A produção de inoculante à base de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMAs utilizando o método on farm é uma alternativa para estimular o uso de inoculante microbiano no sistema de produção vegetal e reduzir os custos associados com a compra desse produto. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o potencial de resíduos do setor florestal, a casca de Pinus (CP e o lodo de celulose (LC, como componentes do substrato para a produção de inoculante micorrízico on farm . Plantas de sorgo pré-colonizadas com os FMAs, Claroideoglomus etunicatum RJN101A e Dentiscutata heterogama PNB102A, foram estabelecidas em casa de vegetação por três meses em substrato formado por areia:argila expandida:solo (2:2:1. Após, essas foram transplantadas para sacos plásticos de 20 L contendo substrato formado por CP ou LC, misturados com casca de arroz carbonizada + solo de barranco (1:1:1. O experimento seguiu um fatorial 2 × 2, sendo dois isolados fúngicos e dois resíduos, com cinco repetições, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. As plantas cresceram por três meses sob condições ambientais e, após esse período, o substrato foi analisado quanto ao número de esporos de FMAs, à colonização micorrízica da planta hospedeira e ao potencial de inóculo pelo método do NMP (número mais provável. O substrato foi dividido em três camadas (superior, mediana e inferior e apenas o número de esporos foi avaliado individualmente para cada camada. O número de esporos de ambos FMAs não foi influenciado pelo tipo resíduo, mas diminuiu da parte superior para a inferior dentro de cada unidade experimental. D. heterogama tendeu a produzir maior número de esporos do que C. etunicatum . A porcentagem de colonização micorrízica do sorgo pelos FMAs foi significativamente maior no resíduo LC do que CP. O número de propágulos infectivos de FMAs tendeu também a ser maior em LC (22 a 28 propágulos cm-3 substrato do que em CP (1,6 a 6,5 propágulos cm

  14. Neurocognitive and Biomarker Evaluation of Combination mTBI from Blast Overpressure and Traumatic Stress

    Science.gov (United States)

    2014-11-01

    previously used such procedures to evaluate the effects of drugs , toxins and ischemic injury (Genovese et al., 1988, 1992, 1993, 2006). Moreover, TBI, from...Lee JLC, Dickinson A, Everitt BJ (2005) Conditioned suppression and freezing as measures of aversive Pavlovian conditioning: effects of discreet...freezing and instrumental suppression in Pavlovian fear conditioning. Behav Brain Res 211:111–117. McDannald MA, Galarce EM (2011) Measuring Pavlovian

  15. Villes sûres et inclusives — recherche visant la réduction de la ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Afrique du Sud. La cohésion sociale, le chaînon manquant dans la lutte sans trêve contre la violence et les inégalités ? Gloria Perdomo de Farías. Laboratorio de Ciencias Sociales,. LASCO, Venezuela. Renforcement des institutions en vue de villes plus sûres : résultats de travaux menés à Sucre, à Libertador et à Chacao,.

  16. Why consumers behave as they do with respect to food safety and risk information

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Verbeke, Wim; Frewer, Lynn J.; Scholderer, Joachim

    2007-01-01

    rankings. The aim of this contribution is to provide a better understanding to food risk analysts of why consumers behave as they do with respect to food safety and risk information. This paper presents some cases of seemingly irrational and inconsistent consumer behaviour with respect to food safety...... and risk information and provides explanations for these behaviours based on the nature of the risk and individual psychological processes. Potential solutions for rebuilding consumer confidence in food safety and bridging between lay and expert opinions towards food risks are reviewed. These include......In recent years, it seems that consumers are generally uncertain about the safety and quality of their food and their risk perception differs substantially from that of experts. Hormone and veterinary drug residues in meat persist to occupy a high position in European consumers' food concern...

  17. Gestion des populations par piégeage de masse en vergers et étude de la spécialisation d'hôte chez les diptères Tephritidae

    OpenAIRE

    Hafsi, Abir

    2016-01-01

    Les mouches des fruits de la famille des Tephritidae sont parmi les ravageurs les plus importants des cultures fruitières et légumières dans le monde. C'est notamment le cas en Tunisie où Ceratitis capitata (Diptera : Tephritidae) constitue un frein au développement des cultures fruitières. Dans cette thèse, j'ai testé l'efficacité de différentes méthodes de contrôle de cette espèce. Une détection précoce de la population imaginale avec la para-phéromone "trimedlure" est nécessaire avant l'ap...

  18. ANÁLISE Multimétodo de Percepções de Agentes Intervenientes na Pesquisa e no Gerenciamento de Agregados Reciclados de Resíduos da Construção Civil

    OpenAIRE

    REMBISKI, F. D.

    2011-01-01

    O gerenciamento dos resíduos de construção civil apresenta limitações tanto pela iniciativa privada quanto pelo setor público. Isso ocorre nos canteiro de obras, nas usinas de reciclagem e na reutilização desses resíduos, em larga escala, em substituição aos agregados naturais para fabricação de materiais de construção. Este trabalho objetiva identificar e analisar os elementos que dificultam o desenvolvimento do setor da reciclagem de resíduos da construção civil, bem como utilizar os result...

  19. Geração de resíduos de madeira e derivados da indústria moveleira em função das variáveis de produção

    OpenAIRE

    Hillig,Éverton; Schneider,Vania Elisabete; Pavoni,Eloide Teresa

    2009-01-01

    Os processos produtivos da cadeia madeira-móveis geram quantidades significativas de resíduos de madeira, os quais nem sempre têm uma destinação correta. O potencial de aproveitamento destes resíduos é significativo, quer seja como matéria-prima secundária, quer seja pelo seu potencial energético. O gerenciamento dos resíduos é um dos desafios à gestão e ao desempenho ambiental das empresas. Neste trabalho, utilizou-se a análise multivariada, com extração de componentes principais, para anali...

  20. OPTIMIZACIÓN DE COMBINACIÓN CARNE DE CHAME (Dormitator latifrons Y CARNE DE RES EN PROCESAMIENTO DE SALCHICHA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manuel Vicente Ganchoso Espinoza

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available La investigación se realizó con el objetivo de obtener una salchicha mixta, utilizando como principales ingredientes carne de chame y carne de res, que cumpla con los requisitos establecidos por el Instituto Ecuatoriano de Normalización (INEN 1338:96. Se formularon tres combinaciones (p/p:kg/kg de carnes chame:res, obteniendo los tratamientos A1 (10:60, A2 (20:50, A3(30:40 y un tratamiento testigo (A4 compuesto de carne de res (0:70, la unidad experimental fue de un kilogramo. Se evaluaron parámetros bromatológicos (proteína, grasa, humedad, cenizas y pH, microbiológicos (Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli y Recuento estándar en Placas (REP para aerobios mesófilos y propiedades térmicas de la salchicha (calor específico, difusividad térmica y conductividad térmica aplicando el modelo matemático de Choi y Okos. En las características bromatológicas se encontró diferencias significativas (p<0.01 en todas las formulaciones; en los microbiológicos alcanzaron lo establecido por la norma INEN 133. El calor específico se incrementa en función de la temperatura. Se concluye que la salchicha con menor porcentaje de carne de chame (A1 presenta parámetros bromatológicos apropiados. Las propiedades térmicas variaron a diferentes temperaturas, demostrando que a mayor temperatura aumenta su calor específico, difusividad y conductividad térmica.

  1. Altura do epitélio folicular da tireóide na triagem para detecção de resíduos de antitireoidianos em bovinos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Serakides R.

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available A altura do epitélio folicular da tireóide, mensurada em secções histológicas coradas pela hematoxilina e eosina, foi testada como característica de triagem para a pesquisa química de resíduos de antitireoidianos em 53 bovinos. Cinco glândulas, contendo resíduos detectados por cromatografia de camada delgada de alta resolução (HPTLC, eram provenientes de cinco novilhos experimentalmente tratados com suspensão oral de metiltiouracil (5g/animal/dia, durante 20 dias, interrompido cinco dias antes do abate. As demais glândulas, sem resíduos detectados por HPTLC, provinham de seis controle experimentais que receberam apenas placebo e de 42 animais abatidos em matadouros industriais de Minas Gerais (n=25 e Goiás (n=17. Todas as glândulas positivas apresentaram hiperplasia intensa e a altura do epitélio folicular foi significativamente maior, embora as 42 glândulas negativas também se mostrassem moderadamente hiperplásicas. Com base nas respostas típicas individuais de 47 tireóides com bócio parenquimatoso e de seis histologicamente normais, ficou estabelecido o limite de 16mim para a altura do epitélio, acima do qual toda glândula deverá ser considerada suspeita e testada quimicamente. Foi determinada a correlação entre a altura do epitélio folicular e outras características indiretas de detecção de resíduos, concluindo-se que a altura do epitélio presta-se para a triagem de programas oficiais de controle de resíduos de drogas antitireoidianas na carne.

  2. Comportamento de estacas escavadas compostas de solocimento e resíduo de beneficiamento de pedras preciosas a partir de provas de carga estática

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patrícia Edler

    Full Text Available A utilização de resíduos e subprodutos industriais na construção civil apresenta-se como uma alternativa efetiva para diminuição do impacto ambiental deste setor. O presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo avaliar a viabilidade do emprego de solo-cimento e resíduo de beneficiamento de pedras preciosas em estacas escavadas (SCR para utilização em habitação unifamiliar. Inicialmente foi definida uma mistura ótima com os materiais que constituiriam as estacas. A mistura que melhor atendeu as características de resistência e trabalhabilidade foi àquela composta por 50% de resíduo de beneficiamento de pedras preciosas e 50% de solo, com 10% de teor de cimento Portland, em relação a massa seca dos materiais. Para os ensaios de campo foram executadas três estacas escavadas de 0,23m de diâmetro e 3 metros de profundidade. Os resultados obtidos através das provas de carga estática foram comparados a resultados de estacas escavadas com mesmas características geométricas e compostas por concreto convencional. O estudo concluiu que o emprego da mistura de solo-cimento e resíduo de beneficiamento de pedras preciosas em estacas escavadas moldadas in loco é tecnicamente viável, uma vez que apresentam capacidade de carga semelhante às executadas com concreto convencional. Além disso, a partir da análise de custos, onde se comparou o valor de execução para estacas de concreto e estacas de solo-cimento e resíduo, verificou-se que o custo final de uma estaca escavada produzida com a mistura proposta apresenta uma economia de 38%, se comparado ao custo final de uma estaca escavada composta por concreto convencional.

  3. Bringing Europe and Third countries closer together through renewable Energies (BETTER). D2.1. EU RES cooperation initiatives with third Countries. North Africa, West Balkans and Turkey

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Uslu, A.; Dalla Longa, F.; Veum, K.C.; Straver, K. [ECN Policy Studies, Petten (Netherlands); Karakosta, C [National Technical University of Athens, Athens (Greece)

    2013-03-15

    One major element of EU's external energy policy is expanding its energy norms and regulations to neighbourhood countries and beyond to achieve its energy policy priorities - safe, secure, affordable and sustainable energy supply. The importance of external energy policy has been acknowledged in the European Union's 2007 'energy package', and Second Strategic Energy Review and the European Commission's Communication on security of energy supply and international cooperation. The EU Renewable Energy Directive provides another element to crossborder cooperation by allowing Member States to fulfil their 2020 renewable energy (RES) targets by implementing joint projects in third countries. Even though the Member States' national renewable energy action plans (NREAPs) to reach their RES targets do not indicate any significant use of this mechanism, the RES Directive acknowledges the importance of renewable energy as part of external energy policy. This report aims at presenting the political framework between the EU and the BETTER project target regions (North Africa, Western Balkans and Turkey) with regards to (renewable) energy and the relevant initiatives and the projects to set the scene for RES joint projects as defined in Article 9 of the RES Directive. The main objectives of this study report are (1) to review energy treaties, agreements, and partnerships to assess their relevance to cooperation mechanism with Third countries; and (2) to analyse the relevance of the recent projects and initiatives to BETTER project and improve and trigger the communication and synergies between BETTER project partners and the relevant projects.

  4. Os restos na história: percepções sobre resíduos Waste over history: perceptions about residues

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marta Pimenta Velloso

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available O artigo busca, em diferentes períodos da história, as percepções sobre os resíduos resultantes da atividade humana. Está dividido em três partes: 1 narra o episódio da peste negra do século XIV, mostrando como ela foi associada aos resíduos produzidos pelo corpo humano; 2 explicita como as prenoções sobre resíduos, ainda hoje, remetem à sujeira, à doença e à morte; 3 descreve as medidas de higiene, a partir do renascimento e a saúde pública no início do século XX, que começa combatendo os agentes microbianos das doenças infecciosas e os seus vetores.This article describes how Man, over history, felt about the residues produced by human activity. The text is divided into three parts: In the first part it tells the story of the black plague pandemic during the XIV century, showing how this disease was associated with the residues produced by the human body. In the second part it explains how the first notions of waste were, and still are, related to dirt, disease and death. Finally, in the third part, it describes the first measures of hygiene in the Renaissance and refers to the first public health actions at the beginning of the XX century, starting to combat the agents of infectious diseases and their vectors.

  5. Caractéristiques biologiques de la truite de mer (Salmo trutta L. au Nord de l'Espagne, dans deux rivières des Asturies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    TOLEDO Ma Del Mar

    1993-07-01

    Full Text Available Une première caractérisation des truites de mer des rivières du Nord de l'Espagne (Asturies est réalisée à partir de l'analyse de la structure de taille et d'âge, ainsi que celle de l'alimentation et des paramètres reproducteurs des poissons adultes. Les truites proviennent des captures réalisées à la ligne (de juin à août sur les rivières Cares et Narcea et par pêche électrique sur les zones de frayères du Narcea durant la saison de reproduction (novembre à janvier. Les truites de mer échantillonnées durant la saison de pêche ont une structure d'âge semblable sur les deux cours d'eau. Environ 85% des individus sont restés deux ans en eau douce avant de descendre en mer, et plus de 95% d'entre eux appartiennent aux classes d'âge de mer 0 + et 1 + . L'importance relative des poissons de 0 + de mer (finnock est légèrement plus élevée dans le Cares (68% que dans le Narcea (51 %. Le rapport des sexes est en faveur des femelles, quelle que soit la classe d'âge de mer. La structure d'âge marin des truites capturées en période de reproduction ne diffère pas de celle observée durant la saison de pêche, bien que montrant une haute proportion de 0 + de mer (32% de l'ensemble des poissons matures. Le taux de maturation chez les truites de 0 + de mer est particulièrement élevé ( 81% parmi les femelles et 100% chez les mâles et tous les individus des autres classes d'âge de mer sont matures. Le nombre d'oeufs (de 571 à 2086 oeufs par femelle et l'index gonadosomatique sont positivement corrélés à la taille et à l'âge de mer des femelles. La truite de mer se nourrit activement en eau douce durant la remontée estivale, puisque 81 % des estomacs examinés étaient pleins. Elle consomme principalement des Epheméroptères, des Diptères et des Trichoptères, mais son alimentation inclut également des proies d'origine terrestre, essentiellement des Arthropodes.

  6. La dissection spontanée des artères coronaires: à propos de 2 cas ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    La dissection spontanée des artères coronaires (DSAC) est une cause rare du syndrome coronarien aigu (SAC); sa prévalence est de moins de 3%. Elle se définit par une séparation au sein de la paroi artérielle coronaire secondaire à une hémorragie intra murale, avec ou sans déchirure de l'intima, créant un faux chenal.

  7. Innova on pour la santé des mères et des enfants d'Afrique

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    19 janv. 2018 ... Les conclusions révèlent des similitudes parmi les cas de divers contextes na onaux, fournissant une riche base de preuves afin d'inspirer des ini a ves visant à améliorer l'équité en ma ère de santé. OUVRIR LE PDF | COMMANDER LE LIVRE. Innova on pour la santé des mères et des enfants d'Afrique.

  8. Mechanically, the shoot apical meristem of Arabidopsis behaves like a shell inflated by a pressure of about 1 MPa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Léna eBeauzamy

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available In plants, the shoot apical meristem contains the stem cells and is responsible for the generation of all aerial organs. Mechanistically, organogenesis is associated with an auxin-dependent local softening of the epidermis. This has been proposed to be sufficient to trigger outgrowth, because the epidermis is thought to be under tension and stiffer than internal tissues in all the aerial part of the plant. However, this has not been directly demonstrated in the shoot apical meristem. Here we tested this hypothesis in Arabidopsis using indentation methods and modeling. We considered two possible scenarios: either the epidermis does not have unique properties and the meristem behaves as a homogeneous linearly-elastic tissue, or the epidermis is under tension and the meristem exhibits the response of a shell under pressure. Large indentation depths measurements with a large tip (~size of the meristem were consistent with a shell-like behavior. This also allowed us to deduce a value of turgor pressure, estimated at 0.82 ± 0.16 MPa. Indentation with atomic force microscopy provided local measurements of pressure in the epidermis, further confirming the values obtained from large deformations. Altogether, our data demonstrate that the Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem behaves like a shell under a MPa range pressure and support a key role for the epidermis in shaping the shoot apex.

  9. Les frontières de la violence au Kenya

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claire Médard

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available Au cours des violences post électorales récentes, au Kenya, de nombreux observateurs ont été surpris par la forme prise par les protestations partisanes. Elle nous rappelle que la fabrique territoriale de l’ethnicité est toujours d’actualité dans ce pays. La réactivation de frontières internes qui portent la marque des violences du passé, certaines héritées de la colonisation et d’autres renégociées depuis l’indépendance, ont mis en péril l’Etat.During the recent post electoral crisis in Kenya, the turn of the protest took many by surprise. We were reminded that the making of ethnicity is on ongoing process in which violence plays a part. New boundaries have appeared, re-enacting old divisions and creating new rifts. Once the mark of administration, internal boundaries now threaten the existence of the State.

  10. Analyse de la dégradation thermique du Poly(éther éther cétone)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Courvoisier, Emilie; Bicaba, Yoann; Colin, Xavier

    2018-03-01

    La dégradation thermique du PEEK a été étudiée à l'état caoutchoutique dans de larges intervalles de température (entre 180 et 320 °C) et de pression partielle d'oxygène (entre 0,21 et 50 bars). Tout d'abord, les mécanismes de vieillissement thermique ont été analysés et élucidés par spectroscopie IRTF et par calorimétrie différentielle (DSC) sur des films de PEEK suffisamment minces (entre 10 et 60 μm d'épaisseur) pour s'affranchir totalement des effets de la diffusion d'oxygène. L'oxydation se produit sur les cycles aromatiques provoquant la croissance de cinq nouvelles bandes d'absorption IR centrées à 3650, 3525, 1780, 1740 et 1718 cm-1 et attribuées aux vibrations d'élongation des liaisons O-H du phénol et de l'acide benzoïque, et des liaisons C-O de l'anhydride benzoïque, du benzoate de phényle et de la fluorénone respectivement. De plus, l'oxydation conduit à une large prédominance de la réticulation sur les coupures de chaîne (augmentation de Tg) empêchant le recuit du PEEK, en particulier lorsque la température d'exposition est supérieure au pied du pic de fusion. Enfin, les conséquences de l'oxydation sur les propriétés élastiques ont été analysées et élucidées par micro-indentation sur des sections droites préalablement polies de plaquettes de PEEK de 3 mm d'épaisseur. Les variations du module d'Young et du taux de cristallinité se corrèlent parfaitement, vérifiant ainsi la relation de Tobolsky.

  11. Robust, highly customizable, and economical multi-channel electrode for chronic multi-unit recording in behaving animals.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tateyama, Yukina; Oyama, Kei; Shiraishi, Masaru; Iijima, Toshio; Tsutsui, Ken-Ichiro

    2017-12-01

    Multi-unit recording has been one of the most widely used techniques to investigate the correlation between multiple neuronal activities and behavior. However, a common problem of currently used multi-channel electrodes is their physical weakness. In this study, we developed a novel multi-channel electrode with sufficient physical strength to penetrate a thickened dura mater. This electrode consists of low-cost materials and is easily fabricated, and it enables recording without removing dura mater, thereby reducing the risk of inflammation, infection, or brain herniation. The low-cost multi-channel electrode developed in this study would be a useful tool for chronic recording in behaving animals. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

  12. Imaging brain activity during seizures in freely behaving rats using a miniature multi-modal imaging system.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sigal, Iliya; Koletar, Margaret M; Ringuette, Dene; Gad, Raanan; Jeffrey, Melanie; Carlen, Peter L; Stefanovic, Bojana; Levi, Ofer

    2016-09-01

    We report on a miniature label-free imaging system for monitoring brain blood flow and blood oxygenation changes in awake, freely behaving rats. The device, weighing 15 grams, enables imaging in a ∼ 2 × 2 mm field of view with 4.4 μm lateral resolution and 1 - 8 Hz temporal sampling rate. The imaging is performed through a chronically-implanted cranial window that remains optically clear between 2 to > 6 weeks after the craniotomy. This imaging method is well suited for longitudinal studies of chronic models of brain diseases and disorders. In this work, it is applied to monitoring neurovascular coupling during drug-induced absence-like seizures 6 weeks following the craniotomy.

  13. Resíduos da construção civil em Araguari-MG : do diagnóstico à proposta de um modelo gerencial proativo

    OpenAIRE

    Marques, Rogério Borges

    2007-01-01

    Levantamentos recentes realizados em diversas cidades brasileiras mostram que os RCD Resíduos da Construção e Demolição representam, em alguns casos, mais de 50% da massa dos resíduos sólidos urbanos. Os municípios têm encontrado dificuldades para gerenciar de forma eficaz as grandes quantidades de RCD e solucionar o problema das deposições irregulares que comprometem a qualidade de vida da população e ocasionam sérios problemas sócio-ambientais e sanitários. Este trabalho fe...

  14. Alternativa sustentável para destinação de resíduos de construção classe A: sistemática para reciclagem em canteiros de obras

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patricia Pereira de Abreu Evangelista

    Full Text Available A indústria da construção civil apresenta-se como um dos segmentos industriais mais críticos no que se refere aos impactos ambientais, sendo o principal gerador de resíduos sólidos da sociedade. Neste sentido, a cidade de Salvador, Bahia, é caracterizada pela geração de grande volume de resíduos de construção civil, pelo esgotamento das áreas para recepção dos resíduos gerados pela atividade construtiva e pela inexistência de áreas de transbordo, de triagem e de usinas para reciclagem. O presente trabalho apresenta uma proposta de sistematização para o processo de reciclagem de resíduos de construção classe A em canteiros de obra, considerando aspectos técnicos, econômicos e ambientais. O processo de reciclagem foi estruturado e validado por meio da realização de três estudos de caso de experiência de reciclagem em canteiros de obra de Salvador, utilizando equipamento móvel de britagem. Foram desenvolvidos um fluxograma e um procedimento operacional para apoiar a realização da reciclagem nos canteiros, assim como foram gerados parâmetros para avaliação do referido processo. Este trabalho mostra o potencial da reciclagem em canteiros de obras como uma alternativa para a destinação dos resíduos de construção civil, indicando ações que facilitem a adoção dessa prática, de forma a contribuir para a redução dos impactos ambientais causados pelo descarte inadequado dos resíduos de construção.

  15. Melatonin modulates rat myotube-acetylcholine receptors by inhibiting calmodulin.

    Science.gov (United States)

    de Almeida-Paula, Lidiana Duarte; Costa-Lotufo, Leticia V; Silva Ferreira, Zulma; Monteiro, Amanda Elisa G; Isoldi, Mauro Cesar; Godinho, Rosely O; Markus, Regina P

    2005-11-21

    Melatonin, the pineal gland hormone, modulates alpha-bungarotoxin sensitive nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in sympathetic nerve terminals, cerebellum and chick retina imposing a diurnal variation in functional responses [Markus, R.P., Zago, W.M., Carneiro, R.C., 1996. Melatonin modulation of presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the rat vas deferens. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 279, 18-22; Markus, R.P., Santos, J.M., Zago, W., Reno, L.A., 2003. Melatonin nocturnal surge modulates nicotinic receptors and nicotine-induced [3HI] glutamate release in rat cerebellum slices. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 305, 525-530; Sampaio, L.F.S., Hamassaki-Britto, D.E., Markus, R.P., 2005. Influence of melatonin on the development of functional nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in cultured chick retinal cells. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 38, 603-613]. Here we show that in rat myotubes forskolin and melatonin reduced the number of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed in plasma membrane. In addition, these cells expressed melatonin MT1 receptors, which are known to be coupled to G(i)-protein. However, the pharmacological profile of melatonin analogs regarding the reduction in cyclic AMP accumulation and number of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors did not point to a mechanism mediated by activation of G(i)-protein coupled receptors. On the other hand, calmidazolium, a classical inhibitor of calmodulin, reduced in a similar manner both effects. Considering that one isoform of adenylyl cyclase present in rat myotubes is regulated by Ca2+/calmodulin, we propose that melatonin modulates the number of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors via reduction in cyclic AMP accumulation.

  16. Avaliação de diferentes concentrações de adubo orgânico produzido a partir de resíduos de pescados e vegetais no desenvolvimento da cultura da cebolinha (Allium schoenoprasum)

    OpenAIRE

    Bruno, Fillipe Herbert Sales; Universidade Federal do Ceará; Sales, Ronaldo de Oliveira; Universidade Federal do Ceará; Oliveira, André Luiz Torres de; Universidade Federal do Ceará; Freitas, João Batista Santiago; Universidade Federal do Ceará

    2013-01-01

    O crescimento populacional nos centros urbanos tem agravado o problema do gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos gerados pelos habitantes, causados principalmente, pelo volume de lixo produzido e pelo estilo de vida consumista. Neste contexto a reciclagem de resíduos, seja de origem agrícola ou industrial, oriundos das mais diversas cadeias produtivas, cujos descartes indevidos podem causar impactos negativos ao ambiente, como é o caso dos resíduos provenientes da indústria pesqueira e dos vegeta...

  17. Identification and characterization of carprofen as a multitarget fatty acid amide hydrolase/cyclooxygenase inhibitor.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Favia, Angelo D; Habrant, Damien; Scarpelli, Rita; Migliore, Marco; Albani, Clara; Bertozzi, Sine Mandrup; Dionisi, Mauro; Tarozzo, Glauco; Piomelli, Daniele; Cavalli, Andrea; De Vivo, Marco

    2012-10-25

    Pain and inflammation are major therapeutic areas for drug discovery. Current drugs for these pathologies have limited efficacy, however, and often cause a number of unwanted side effects. In the present study, we identify the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug carprofen as a multitarget-directed ligand that simultaneously inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), COX-2, and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). Additionally, we synthesized and tested several derivatives of carprofen, sharing this multitarget activity. This may result in improved analgesic efficacy and reduced side effects (Naidu et al. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.2009, 329, 48-56; Fowler, C. J.; et al. J. Enzyme Inhib. Med. Chem.2012, in press; Sasso et al. Pharmacol. Res.2012, 65, 553). The new compounds are among the most potent multitarget FAAH/COX inhibitors reported so far in the literature and thus may represent promising starting points for the discovery of new analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs.

  18. Anomalous Polarized Raman Scattering and Large Circular Intensity Differential in Layered Triclinic ReS2.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Shishu; Mao, Nannan; Zhang, Na; Wu, Juanxia; Tong, Lianming; Zhang, Jin

    2017-10-24

    The Raman tensor of a crystal is the derivative of its polarizability tensor and is dependent on the symmetries of the crystal and the Raman-active vibrational mode. The intensity of a particular mode is determined by the Raman selection rule, which involves the Raman tensor and the polarization configurations. For anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) layered crystals, polarized Raman scattering has been used to reveal the crystalline orientations. However, due to its complicated Raman tensors and optical birefringence, the polarized Raman scattering of triclinic 2D crystals has not been well studied yet. Herein, we report the anomalous polarized Raman scattering of 2D layered triclinic rhenium disulfide (ReS 2 ) and show a large circular intensity differential (CID) of Raman scattering in ReS 2 of different thicknesses. The origin of CID and the anomalous behavior in polarized Raman scattering were attributed to the appearance of nonzero off-diagonal Raman tensor elements and the phase factor owing to optical birefringence. This can provide a method to identify the vertical orientation of triclinic layered materials. These findings may help to further understand the Raman scattering process in 2D materials of low symmetry and may indicate important applications in chiral recognition by using 2D materials.

  19. Technical and economic analysis of the European electricity system with 60% RES

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Burtin, Alain; Silva, Vera

    2015-01-01

    This document examines the impacts of the integration of a large share of variable renewable generation into the generation mix of the European interconnected electricity system. The analysis, which is based on the results of long term studies performed by EDF R and D, aims at improving the current understanding of the technical and economic feasibility of a massive deployment of wind and PV across the European system. The document addresses several aspects of the system integration of variable generation in particular, including the characterization of variable RES generation, the need for generation and interconnection infrastructure, the impacts on short-term system operation and market profitability. (authors)

  20. VALIDACIÓN DE PCR PARA DETECCIÓN DE Listeria monocytogenes EN CARNES CRUDAS DE RES Y POLLO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kirvis Torres

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available Listeria monocytogenes es un microorganismo zoonótico emergente en la industria de alimentos, resultando degran interés para la salud pública. El objetivo de este trabajo fue validar la técnica de PCR para la detecciónde este microorganismo en carnes crudas de res y pollo. El procedimiento de extracción de ADN fue realizadocon lisozima, proteinasa K y fenol-cloroformo a partir de muestras contaminadas artificialmente. La especificidadde los cebadores LI1 y U1 fue comprobada por la amplificación de una banda de 938pb correspondiente a unfragmento del ADNr 16S; de igual manera los cebadores LF y LR amplificaron una banda del gen hlyA de750pb; lo que permitió la identificación de género (banda 938pb y especie (banda de 750pb respectivamente.Las cepas de los otros géneros bacterianos ensayados no amplificaron ninguna de las bandas específicas. Ellímite de detección para la PCR fue de 102 y 104 UFC/gr para carnes de res y pollo respectivamente; el «GoldStandard» reportó 102 UFC/ml para ambos alimentos. La comparación de la PCR vs., el método «Gold Standard»reportó en carne de pollo una concordancia observada de 98.43%, una sensibilidad del 96.9%, una especificidadde 100%, un valor predictivo positivo del 100% y un valor predictivo negativo del 97%; para la carne de restodos los parámetros anteriores fueron del 100%. Estos resultados demostraron la factibilidad de la PCR parael control de calidad de carnes crudas de res y pollo.

  1. Erosão hídrica em diferentes preparos do solo logo após as colheitas de milho e trigo, na presença e na ausência dos resíduos culturais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    I. Bertol

    1997-09-01

    Full Text Available O preparo do solo, o qual influencia o manejo dos resíduos culturais e a rugosidade superficial, associado ao tipo de cultura utilizada, é um dos fatores que afetam a suscetibilidade do solo à erosão hídrica. Utilizando chuvas simuladas na intensidade constante de 64 mm h-1, com durações suficientes para que o escoamento superficial atingisse taxa constante de descarga, foram avaliados, em Eldorado do Sul (RS, de 1992 a 1994, em condições de campo, os seguintes tratamentos de preparo do solo: semeadura direta, na presença e na ausência dos resíduos recém-colhidos de milho e trigo; escarificação, na presença e na ausência dos resíduos recém-colhidos de milho e trigo + milho logo após a colheita do trigo; e aração + gradagem, na presença e ausência dos resíduos recém-colhidos de milho e trigo + milho logo após a colheita do trigo. Utilizou-se um solo podzólico vermelho-amarelo franco-arenoso e declividade média de 0,066 m m-1. As perdas de solo e água foram fortemente influenciadas pela rugosidade e cobertura superficiais. Na semeadura direta e aração + gradagem, a manutenção dos resíduos culturais na superfície reduziu as perdas de solo em relação à sua remoção manual quase completa. A semeadura direta com os resíduos culturais foi o tratamento mais eficaz na redução da erosão e a aração + gradagem, sem os resíduos, o menos eficaz. A escarificação com os resíduos culturais na superfície apresentou maior perda de solo do que a semeadura direta e aração + gradagem também com os resíduos na superfície. Em geral, as perdas de água por escoamento superficial seguiram o mesmo comportamento das perdas de solo.

  2. Gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos urbanos no município de São Bentinho-PB – Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Katherine da Silva Sousa

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available O gerenciamento inadequado dos resíduos sólidos urbanos acarreta inúmeros impactos no meio ambiente, alterando suas características físicas, químicas e biológicas. A ausência de tratamentos adequados para resíduos sólidos urbanos aliados a disposição incorreta torna-se um grande problema de ordem estética e uma alarmante ameaça à saúde pública. Assim, para que o gerenciamento adequado dos resíduos sólidos urbanos seja executado de acordo a legislação vigente é necessários mecanismo e estratégias para o manejo dos resíduos desde sua origem até sua disposição ambientalmente adequada. Este trabalho tem por objetivo diagnosticar o atual processo de gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos urbanos do município de São Bentinho-PB, e propor o gerenciamento dos mesmos de maneira mais adequada diante das condições locais. A metodologia de diagnóstico fundamentou-se num levantamento bibliográfico, entrevista ao órgão competente e a aplicação de questionários a população do município. Com o resultado deste estudo foi notório que a maioria da população necessita ser informada sobre as questões ambientais, para que exerçam sua responsabilidade no gerenciamento do lixo. O poder público municipal não tem tomado nenhuma providência para minimizar os impactos relacionados ao gerenciamento impróprio de seus resíduos, é necessário incentivos e ações para conscientização da população em relação à educação ambiental.Management of municipal solid waste in the city of São Bentinho-PB – Brazil Inadequate management of municipal solid waste entails numerous impacts on the environment by changing its physical, chemical and biological characteristics. The absence of appropriate treatments for solid urban waste coupled with incorrect disposal becomes a problem of aesthetic and an alarming threat public health. So for the proper management of municipal solid waste is implemented in accordance with current

  3. Fast optical signal not detected in awake behaving monkeys.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Radhakrishnan, Harsha; Vanduffel, Wim; Deng, Hong Ping; Ekstrom, Leeland; Boas, David A; Franceschini, Maria Angela

    2009-04-01

    While the ability of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to measure cerebral hemodynamic evoked responses (slow optical signal) is well established, its ability to measure non-invasively the 'fast optical signal' is still controversial. Here, we aim to determine the feasibility of performing NIRS measurements of the 'fast optical signal' or Event-Related Optical Signals (EROS) under optimal experimental conditions in awake behaving macaque monkeys. These monkeys were implanted with a 'recording well' to expose the dura above the primary visual cortex (V1). A custom-made optical probe was inserted and fixed into the well. The close proximity of the probe to the brain maximized the sensitivity to changes in optical properties in the cortex. Motion artifacts were minimized by physical restraint of the head. Full-field contrast-reversing checkerboard stimuli were presented to monkeys trained to perform a visual fixation task. In separate sessions, two NIRS systems (CW4 and ISS FD oximeter), which previously showed the ability to measure the fast signal in human, were used. In some sessions EEG was acquired simultaneously with the optical signal. The increased sensitivity to cortical optical changes with our experimental setup was quantified with 3D Monte Carlo simulations on a segmented MRI monkey head. Averages of thousands of stimuli in the same animal, or grand averages across the two animals and across repeated sessions, did not lead to detection of the fast optical signal using either amplitude or phase of the optical signal. Hemodynamic responses and visual evoked potentials were instead always detected with single trials or averages of a few stimuli. Based on these negative results, despite the optimal experimental conditions, we doubt the usefulness of non-invasive fast optical signal measurements with NIRS.

  4. Modulation of LINE-1 and Alu/SVA Retrotransposition by Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome-Related SAMHD1

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ke Zhao

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available Long interspersed elements 1 (LINE-1 occupy at least 17% of the human genome and are its only active autonomous retrotransposons. However, the host factors that regulate LINE-1 retrotransposition are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that the Aicardi-Goutières syndrome gene product SAMHD1, recently revealed to be an inhibitor of HIV/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV infectivity and neutralized by the viral Vpx protein, is also a potent regulator of LINE-1 and LINE-1-mediated Alu/SVA retrotransposition. We also found that mutant SAMHD1s of Aicardi-Goutières syndrome patients are defective in LINE-1 inhibition. Several domains of SAMHD1 are critical for LINE-1 regulation. SAMHD1 inhibits LINE-1 retrotransposition in dividing cells. An enzymatic active site mutant SAMHD1 maintained substantial anti-LINE-1 activity. SAMHD1 inhibits ORF2p-mediated LINE-1 reverse transcription in isolated LINE-1 ribonucleoproteins by reducing ORF2p level. Thus, SAMHD1 may be a cellular regulator of LINE-1 activity that is conserved in mammals.

  5. Avaliação da DQO e da relação C/N obtidas no tratamento anaeróbio de resíduos fruti-hortículas - doi: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v33i4.8259

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliana Guerra Sgorlon

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available Diariamente são geradas grandes quantidades de resíduos de frutas e verduras nos atacados, feiras e supermercados. A geração excessiva desses resíduos pode acarretar em danos para o meio ambiente. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a capacidade de biodegradação anaeróbia dos resíduos de frutas e verduras por meio do monitoramento da DQO e da relação C/N. Os resíduos depois de coletados, picados, triturados, inoculados com lodo de esgoto e caracterizados em termos de carbono orgânico, nitrogênio Kjeldahl e DQO solúvel e total, foram colocados em um biodigestor por 300 dias com monitoramento periódico. Os resultados obtidos permitem verificar que, durante os 300 dias de codigestão anaeróbia, não foi possível degradar a matéria orgânica do resíduo, o que foi evidenciado pelas baixas reduções de carbono e pelas baixas remoções de DQO, fato que provavelmente se deve ao aspecto físico da mistura dos resíduos. Acredita-se que a diluição do resíduo ou a adição de mais inoculante ao meio facilitaria o processo de biodigestão.

  6. Sustentabilidade na indústria da construção: uma logística para reciclagem dos resíduos de pequenas obras

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joel Vieira Baptista Junior

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Neste trabalho são discutidos os principais aspectos relacionados à geração de resíduos da construção civil, sob ponto de vista de sustentabilidade das edificações. Esse conceito exige, das novas construções, a adoção de projetos criativos e eficientes, com soluções adequadas para as diversas fases de vida da obra, incluindo a previsão do reaproveitamento e descarte de materiais ao fim de sua vida útil. Um dos problemas atuais da gestão de resíduos da construção civil é que a segregação dos materiais por classe, visando à sua posterior reciclagem ou descarte, só acontece na cidade do Rio de Janeiro em grandes obras com canteiros instalados, embora mais da metade da quantidade produzida seja proveniente de pequenas obras com resíduos descartados em caçambas de rua ou simplesmente lançados em vias públicas ou terrenos baldios. É sugerido um plano de gestão circular, especialmente voltado para os pequenos geradores, com obrigatoriedade de segregação dos materiais, instalação de pontos de recolhimento pelos bairros da cidade e implantação de centros de tratamento de resíduos da construção civil, operados por associações de catadores, com objetivo de produção de materiais reciclados. O sucesso da proposta depende da efetiva participação de todos os agentes envolvidos no processo, como o poder público, proprietários, empresas e demais profissionais da indústria da construção civil.

  7. Choose your business partners carefully. The bankruptcy of the current inverter producer RES affected many of its business partners; Drum pruefe, wer sich bindet. Wie die Insolvenz des Wechselrichterherstellers RES eine Vielzahl an Geschaedigten schafft

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rutschmann, I.

    2008-02-15

    Customers of the RES GmbH current inverter producer complained about disturbances, outages, and low yields. Now, the producer has filed for insolvency; business partners will probably lose their warranty claim and also their contact for repair and replacement parts. IPE, a partner fitter's company, even fears of going bankrupt too. All partners agree that in the future, they will limit their business activities to partners they know better. (orig.)

  8. How Do Children Behave Regarding Their Birth Order in Dental Setting?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ghaderi, Faezeh; Fijan, Soleiman; Hamedani, Shahram

    2015-12-01

    Prediction of child cooperation level in dental setting is an important issue for a dentist to select the proper behavior management method. Many psychological studies have emphasized the effect of birth order on patient behavior and personality; however, only a few researches evaluated the effect of birth order on child's behavior in dental setting. This study was designed to evaluate the influence of children ordinal position on their behavior in dental setting. A total of 158 children with at least one primary mandibular molar needing class I restoration were selected. Children were classified based on the ordinal position; first, middle, or last child as well as single child. A blinded examiner recorded the pain perception of children during injection based on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Sound, Eye and Movement (SEM) scale. To assess the child's anxiety, the questionnaire known as "Dental Subscale of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule" (CFSS-DS) was employed. The results showed that single children were significantly less cooperative and more anxious than the other children (p<0.001). The middle children were significantly more cooperative in comparison with the other child's position (p< 0.001). Single child may behave less cooperatively in dental setting. The order of child birth must also be considered in prediction of child's behavior for behavioral management.

  9. Avaliação da composição mineral do adubo orgânico produzido a partir de resíduos de pescados e vegetais no desenvolvimento da cultura da cebolinha (Allium schoenoprasum)

    OpenAIRE

    Bruno, Fillipe Herbert Sales; Universidade Federal do Ceará; Sales, Ronaldo de Oliveira; Universidade Federal do Ceará; Oliveira, André Luiz Torres de; Universidade Federal do Ceará; Freitas, João Batista Santiago; Universidade Federal do Ceará

    2013-01-01

    O crescimento populacional nos centros urbanos tem agravado o problema do gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos gerados pelos habitantes, causados principalmente, pelo volume de lixo produzido e pelo estilo de vida consumista. Neste contexto a reciclagem de resíduos, seja de origem agrícola ou industrial, oriundos das mais diversas cadeias produtivas, cujos descartes indevidos podem causar impactos negativos ao ambiente, como é o caso dos resíduos provenientes da indústria pesqueira e dos vegeta...

  10. Intelligent energy buildings based on RES and nanotechnology

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kaplanis, S., E-mail: kaplanis@teipat.gr; Kaplani, E. [R.E.S. Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Dept., Technological Educational Institute of Western Greece M. Alexandrou 1, Koukouli 26 334, Patra (Greece)

    2015-12-31

    The paper presents the design features, the energy modelling and optical performance details of two pilot Intelligent Energy Buildings, (IEB). Both are evolution of the Zero Energy Building (ZEB) concept. RES innovations backed up by signal processing, simulation models and ICT tools were embedded into the building structures in order to implement a new predictive energy management concept. In addition, nano-coatings, produced by TiO2 and ITO nano-particles, were deposited on the IEB structural elements and especially on the window panes and the PV glass covers. They exhibited promising SSP values which lowered the cooling loads and increased the PV modules yield. Both pilot IEB units were equipped with an on-line dynamic hourly solar radiation prediction model, implemented by sensors and the related software to manage effectively the energy source, the loads and the storage or the backup system. The IEB energy sources covered the thermal loads via a south façade embedded in the wall and a solar roof which consists of a specially designed solar collector type, while a PV generator is part of the solar roof, like a compact BIPV in hybrid configuration to a small wind turbine.

  11. Experimental determination of the hydrothermal solubility of ReS2 and the Re–ReO2 buffer assemblage and transport of rhenium under supercritical conditions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wood Scott A

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available To understand the aqueous species important for transport of rhenium under supercritical conditions, we conducted a series of solubility experiments on the Re–ReO2 buffer assemblage and ReS2. In these experiments, pH was buffered by the K–feldspar–muscovite–quartz assemblage; in sulfur-free systems was buffered by the Re–ReO2 assemblage; and and in sulfur-containing systems were buffered by the magnetite–pyrite–pyrrhotite assemblage. Our experimental studies indicate that the species ReCl40 is dominant at 400°C in slightly acidic to near-neutral, and chloride-rich (total chloride concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 M environments, and ReCl3+ may predominate at 500°C in a solution with total chloride concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 M. The results also demonstrate that the solubility of ReS2 is about two orders of magnitude less than that of ReO2. This finding not only suggests that ReS2 (or a ReS2 component in molybdenite is the solubility-controlling phase in sulfur-containing, reducing environments but also implies that a mixing process involving an oxidized, rhenium-containing solution and a solution with reduced sulfur is one of the most effective mechanisms for deposition of rhenium. In analogy with Re, TcS2 may be the stable Tc-bearing phase in deep geological repositories of radioactive wastes.

  12. Verificação da destinação dos resíduos oriundos do abatedouro de carne e das feiras livres de pescado na região do Cariri.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leyna Bezerra de Moura

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available As empresas necessitam de mudanças constantes principalmente relacionadas à questão ambiental.  A indústria de carnes gera inúmeros resíduos e é dever da mesma destiná-los a locais apropriados que não causem impactos nem afetem o meio ambiente. Os dados deste estudo foram coletados no mês de janeiro de 2013 em um abatedouro bovino localizado na cidade de Juazeiro do Norte e em feiras livres que comercializam pescados, localizadas nos municípios de Missão Velha e Crato utilizando como ferramenta de análise a observação e relato dos impactos causados pelos proprietários e feirantes. Diante do exposto este estudo teve como objetivo verificar e relatar o processo realizado com os resíduos de origem animal (carnes e pescado na indústria alimentícia enfatizando sua importância e o impacto gerado no meio ambiente pelos mesmos.  Após o estudo realizado observa-se que o estabelecimento destinado ao abate bovino apresenta um sistema de tratamento de resíduos sólidos completo, porém ainda defeituoso, quanto ao tratamento dos resíduos líquidos o mesmo possui um sistema ineficiente. Quanto aos resíduos de pescado não foi observado nenhum tratamento e nenhuma preocupação por parte dos feirantes e de nenhum órgão competente com os impactos causados pelos mesmos, muito menos um local destinado ao reaproveitamento dos mesmos. Desta forma, é necessário o desenvolvimento de tecnologias mais eficazes para o tratamento desses resíduos, e que estejam de acordo com a legislação ambiental. Palavras-chave: impactos ambientais, sustentabilidade, novas tecnologias.

  13. Indicadores para a gestão de resíduos sólidos em aeroportos e sua aplicação no Aeroporto Internacional de Viracopos, Campinas, São Paulo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thales Andrés Carra

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Considerando o contexto atual de valorização da questão ambiental, os objetivos deste trabalho foram propor e aplicar indicadores para avaliar o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos em aeroportos. Para tanto, foram elaborados 17 indicadores sobre geração, armazenamento, transporte, coleta e destinação de resíduos sólidos. Estes foram aplicados no Aeroporto Internacional de Viracopos, em Campinas, no estado de São Paulo. Os resultados obtidos no estudo apresentaram desempenho de 2,9, em uma escala de um a cinco, caracterizado como regular. Posteriormente, foram analisadas as principais fragilidades no gerenciamento dos resíduos no Aeroporto Internacional de Viracopos, bem como a identificação de boas práticas e soluções ambientais para o desenvolvimento das atividades do empreendimento. Dentre as estratégias de manejo sugeridas, destacam-se a adequação de áreas para armazenamento de resíduos, a implantação de coleta seletiva e a realização de compostagem.

  14. Avaliação da estabilidade da emulsão óleo/água proveniente dos resíduos de uma indústria beneficiadora de gemas frente ao uso de diferentes surfactantes

    OpenAIRE

    Simone Stülp; Max Alan Ritter; Fernanda Cristina Wiedusch Sindelar

    2013-01-01

    A reutilização dos resíduos gerados pelos diversos setores industriais é uma prática que cada dia é mais utilizado, devido ao comprometimento das indústrias com sua responsabilidade social (proteção ao ambiente) ou a exigências dos órgãos de proteção ambiental, já que muitos resíduos não possuem o devido descarte. Na indústria de beneficiamento de gemas a busca pelo reaproveitamento dos resíduos também tem se tornado uma realidade. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o reaproveitame...

  15. Durabilidade de tijolos solo-cal incorporados com resíduos de demolição da construção civil Durability of soil-lime bricks embedded with demolition construction residues

    OpenAIRE

    Suélen Silva Figueiredo; Cibelle Guimarães Silva; Gelmires A. Neves

    2011-01-01

    A incorporação dos resíduos de demolição da construção civil (RD) em tijolos solo-cal, substituindo parte do aglomerante, torna-se possível devido às propriedades cimentantes que esses resíduos podem apresentar quando finamente moídos. Essa pesquisa objetiva avaliar a durabilidade de tijolos solo-cal incorporados com resíduos de demolição da construção civil. Para o desenvolvimento dessa pesquisa foram confeccionados corpos-de-prova utilizando o traço 1:10 em massa, em proporção de cal:solo e...

  16. Dynamique de transfert des matières organiques et inorganiques le long du continuum fluvial de la Garonne : impact de la retenue de Malause

    OpenAIRE

    Mamoudou, Mohamadou

    2008-01-01

    Les fleuves sont à l'origine des transferts de matières organiques et inorganiques des continents vers les océans. Ces matières peuvent être séparées par filtration (généralement à 0,45 ou 0,22µm) entre une phase particulaire et une phase dissoute. Le devenir des formes organiques va dépendre de leurs origines. Les formes labiles sont souvent rapidement minéralisées lors de leur transfert tandis que les formes réfractaires ont un comportement conservatif. Nous avons étudié la dynamique de tou...

  17. Resíduo industrial como matéria-prima alternativa para a produção de filtros cerâmicos refratários

    OpenAIRE

    Carvalho,A. C.; Raupp-Pereira,F.; Rodrigues Neto,J. B.; Oliveira,A. P. Novaes de

    2015-01-01

    ResumoO desenvolvimento de atividades de valorização de resíduos sólidos pode viabilizar a produção de produtos industriais com elevado potencial de reaproveitamento como fonte alternativa mineral. Atualmente, os resíduos sólidos industriais tornaram-se uma importante linha de pesquisa na área de Engenharia. Apesar disso, poucos estudos têm sido realizados com interação efetiva de parâmetros ambientais, econômicos e sociais que demonstram aplicações destas matérias-primas pela indústria de tr...

  18. A novel protein-protein interaction in the RES (REtention and Splicing) complex.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tripsianes, Konstantinos; Friberg, Anders; Barrandon, Charlotte; Brooks, Mark; van Tilbeurgh, Herman; Seraphin, Bertrand; Sattler, Michael

    2014-10-10

    The retention and splicing (RES) complex is a conserved spliceosome-associated module that was shown to enhance splicing of a subset of transcripts and promote the nuclear retention of unspliced pre-mRNAs in yeast. The heterotrimeric RES complex is organized around the Snu17p protein that binds to both the Bud13p and Pml1p subunits. Snu17p exhibits an RRM domain that resembles a U2AF homology motif (UHM) and Bud13p harbors a Trp residue reminiscent of an UHM-ligand motif (ULM). It has therefore been proposed that the interaction between Snu17p and Bud13p resembles canonical UHM-ULM complexes. Here, we have used biochemical and NMR structural analysis to characterize the structure of the yeast Snu17p-Bud13p complex. Unlike known UHMs that sequester the Trp residue of the ULM ligand in a hydrophobic pocket, Snu17p and Bud13p utilize a large interaction surface formed around the two helices of the Snu17p domain. In total 18 residues of the Bud13p ligand wrap around the Snu17p helical surface in an U-turn-like arrangement. The invariant Trp(232) in Bud13p is located in the center of the turn, and contacts surface residues of Snu17p. The structural data are supported by mutational analysis and indicate that Snu17p provides an extended binding surface with Bud13p that is notably distinct from canonical UHM-ULM interactions. Our data highlight structural diversity in RRM-protein interactions, analogous to the one seen for nucleic acid interactions. © 2014 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

  19. Higher-order semantic structures in an African Grey parrot's vocalizations: evidence from the hyperspace analog to language (HAL) model.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kaufman, Allison B; Colbert-White, Erin N; Burgess, Curt

    2013-09-01

    Previous research has described the significant role that social interaction plays in both the acquisition and use of speech by parrots. The current study analyzed the speech of one home-raised African Grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus erithacus) across three different social contexts: owner interacting with parrot in the same room, owner and parrot interacting out of view in adjacent rooms, and parrot home alone. The purpose was to determine the extent to which the subject's speech reflected an understanding of the contextual substitutability (e.g., the word street can be substituted in context for the word road) of the vocalizations that comprised the units in her repertoire (i.e., global co-occurrence of repertoire units; Burgess in Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput 30:188-198, 1998; Lund and Burgess in Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput 28:203-208, 1996). This was accomplished via the human language model hyperspace analog to language (HAL). HAL is contextually driven and bootstraps language "rules" from input without human intervention. Because HAL does not require human tutelage, it provided an objective measure to empirically examine the parrot's vocalizations. Results indicated that the subject's vocalization patterns did contain global co-occurrence. The presence of this quality in this nonhuman's speech may be strongly indicative of higher-order cognitive skills.

  20. Caracterização física do resíduo de uma estação de tratamento de água para sua utilização em materiais de construção

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F. C. Araújo

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Resumo A produção de água tratada, nas Estações de Tratamento de Água (ETAs gera lodo, também chamado de resíduo de ETA (RETA. A maior parte das ETAs descarrega estes resíduos em meios hídricos, apesar da política nacional de resíduos sólidos salientar que é de responsabilidade da fonte geradora adotar destinação sustentável aos resíduos, visto que o seu lançamento in natura nos corpos hídricos é prejudicial, tornando esse meio de disposição um sério passivo ambiental das companhias de saneamento. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi realizar a caracterização física do resíduo gerado em uma ETA buscando obter parâmetros com bases normativas e considerar alternativas sustentáveis de reincorporação do lodo na cadeia produtiva para confecção de materiais de construção, de maneira a reduzir o impacto causado com o lançamento do RETA nos cursos de água. Para isso, foram realizados ensaios de índices de consistência do resíduo, granulometria, microscopia de varredura eletrônica e espectroscopia por dispersão de energia. Os resultados encontrados nas análises do resíduo demonstram a potencialidade de sua aplicação em substituição parcial do solo e/ou da areia, sendo suas propriedades similares a matéria-prima, na fabricação de materiais de construção.

  1. Astrocytes produce interferon-alpha and CXCL10, but not IL-6 or CXCL8, in Aicardi-Goutières syndrome

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van Heteren, Jane T.; Rozenberg, Flore; Aronica, Eleonora; Troost, Dirk; Lebon, Pierre; Kuijpers, Taco W.

    2008-01-01

    Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) presents as a severe autosomal recessively inherited neurological brain disease. Clinical and neurological manifestations closely resemble those of congenital viral infection and are generally attributed to a perturbation of innate immunity including a long lasting

  2. Oil Companies and Reserves | Compagnies et réserves pétrolières

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available Top 20 World Oil CorporationsTop 20 des compagnies pétrolières mondialesSources: OPEC, Annual Statistical Bulletin, 2009; 2009 official reports of oil companies; British Petroleum, BP Statistical Review of Word Energy, 2010.Crude Oil Exports per Area (in Million Tonnes, 2009Exportations de pétrole brut par région (en millions de tonnes, 2009Sources : www.iea.org; www.opec.org; www.gecforum.org; British Petroleum, BP Statistical Review of World Energy, 2010.China’s Crude Oil Imports from Afr...

  3. Productive performance of broiler chickens fed tomato waste Desempenho produtivo de frangos de corte alimentados com resíduo do tomate

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosa Cavalcante Lira

    2010-05-01

    Full Text Available Aiming to evaluate the effect of tomato waste inclusion on productive performance and characteristics of carcass and main broiler chicken cuts, an experiment was carried out using 300 male Cobb chicks, distributed in a complete randomized design, with five rations and five replicates. Diets consisted of control ration based on corn and soybean meal and four rations with 5, 10, 15 and 20% of tomato waste. Feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion and, at the end of experiment, slaughter weight, gutted carcass without feet and head, breast, drumstick, thigh, wing, back, edible guts and belly fat were evaluated every week, as well as it was the yield. Tomato waste increased feed intake in the periods from 1 to 7, 8 to 14 and 29 to 36 days of age and worsened gain weight and feed conversion of broiler chickens up to 29 days of age. Regarding carcass weight (g and weight of the noble parts, breast, drumstick and thighs decreased linearly in function of the use of tomato waste in poultry on pre- initial and initial phase, that is, up to 28 days old, but yield (% was not affected except for yield of heart and liver. Use of tomato waste in ration of broiler chickens during the period from 1 to 28 days may decrease weight gain and worsen food conversion. Tomato waste may be used as ration ingredient in ration of broiler chicken in the breeding period from 29 to 42 days of age up to the level of 20% without harming weight gain and feed conversion of poultry.Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da inclusão do resíduo do tomate sobre o desempenho produtivo e as características da carcaça e dos principais cortes de frangos de corte, foi realizado um experimento com 300 pintos machos Cobb, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco rações e cinco repetições. As dietas consistiram de uma ração-referência à base de milho e farelo de soja e quatro rações com 5, 10, 15 e 20% de resíduo do tomate. Foram avaliados

  4. Influência da adição de resíduo de gesso no calor de hidratação da argamassa de revestimento interno

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Fernando Bernhoeft

    Full Text Available O objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar a influência da adição de resíduo beneficiado de pasta de gesso como agregado no calor de hidratação da argamassa de gesso para uso em revestimentos internos. Na metodologia utilizada foi fixada a relação água/gesso de 0,66, valor obtido por meio de ensaio de consistência normal, e executados ensaios comparativos entre o gesso natural e o gesso aditivado com 5% e 10 % de resíduo. Para as adições de 5% e 10% de resíduo, os resultados mostraram a diminuição dos tempos de pega (inicial e final diretamente correlacionado ao incremento da adição, claramente observados nas curvas de calor de hidratação, porém sem redução proporcional no tempo útil das argamassas, indicando uma alternativa para a diminuição do tempo improdutivo na mistura da pasta de gesso.

  5. Atividade pozolânica dos resíduos do beneficiamento do caulim para uso em argamassas para alvenaria Pozolanic activity of kaolin processing residues for use in masonry mortars

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Romualdo R. Menezes

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available A indústria do beneficiamento do caulim gera enorme quantidade de resíduos, descartados indiscriminadamente no meio ambiente; assim, este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a viabilidade técnica e a atividade pozolânica dos resíduos do beneficiamento do caulim para a produção de argamassas. Os resíduos foram caracterizados através da determinação de sua distribuição granulométrica e composição química, difração de raios X e análise térmica diferencial e gravimétrica; em seguida, determinou-se o índice de atividade pozolânica dos resíduos de caulim com a cal e o cimento Portland. Argamassas de cimento:cal:areia foram preparadas e o resíduo, na condição natural e após queima a 600 °C por 2 h, substituiu parcialmente o cimento nas proporções de 5, 10, 15 e 20% em massa. Corpos-de-prova foram moldados e determinada sua resistência a compressão simples. Conclui-se, com base nos resultados, que os resíduos são constituídos de caulinita, mica e quartzo e que a utilização do resíduo calcinado aumenta a resistência das argamassas após 28 dias de cura em até 150%.The kaolin processing industry generates large amounts of waste, which is indiscriminately dumped in open-air sites. This work evaluates the technical suitability and pozolanic activity of kaolin processing wastes for the production of mortars. The wastes were characterized by particle size distribution and chemical composition determination, X-ray diffraction and thermal differential and gravimetric analyses. The pozolanic activity index was determined using lime and Portland cement. Cement:lime:sand mortars were formulated and the kaolin wastes replaced cement by 5, 10, 15 and 20% on weight basis. The kaolin wastes were used in their natural condition and after thermal treatment at 600 °C for 2 h. Test specimens were produced and their compression strength determined. The results indicated that the waste consists of quartz, kaolinite and mica, and

  6. The BonaRes Centre - A virtual institute for soil research in the context of a sustainable bio-economy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wollschläger, Ute; Helming, Katharina; Heinrich, Uwe; Bartke, Stephan; Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid; Russell, David; Eberhardt, Einar; Vogel, Hans-Jörg

    2016-04-01

    Fertile soils are central resources for the production of biomass and provision of food and energy. A growing world population and latest climate targets lead to an increasing demand for both, food and bio-energy, which require preserving and improving the long-term productivity of soils as a bio-economic resource. At the same time, other soil functions and ecosystem services need to be maintained. To render soil management sustainable, we need to establish a scientific knowledge base about complex soil system processes that allows for the development of model tools to quantitatively predict the impact of a multitude of management measures on soil functions. This, finally, will allow for the provision of site-specific options for sustainable soil management. To face this challenge, the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research recently launched the funding program "Soil as a Natural Resource for the Bio-Economy - BonaRes". In a joint effort, ten collaborative projects and the coordinating BonaRes Centre are engaged to close existing knowledge gaps for a profound and systemic understanding of soil functions and their sensitivity to soil management. This presentation provides an overview of the concept of the BonaRes Centre which is responsible for i) setting up a comprehensive data base for soil-related information, ii) the development of model tools aiming to estimate the impact of different management measures on soil functions, and iii) establishing a web-based portal providing decision support tools for a sustainable soil management. A specific focus of the presentation will be laid on the so-called "knowledge-portal" providing the infrastructure for a community effort towards a comprehensive meta-analysis on soil functions as a basis for future model developments.

  7. A mathematical model for pressure-based organs behaving as biological pressure vessels.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Casha, Aaron R; Camilleri, Liberato; Gauci, Marilyn; Gatt, Ruben; Sladden, David; Chetcuti, Stanley; Grima, Joseph N

    2018-04-26

    We introduce a mathematical model that describes the allometry of physical characteristics of hollow organs behaving as pressure vessels based on the physics of ideal pressure vessels. The model was validated by studying parameters such as body and organ mass, systolic and diastolic pressures, internal and external dimensions, pressurization energy and organ energy output measurements of pressure-based organs in a wide range of mammals and birds. Seven rules were derived that govern amongst others, lack of size efficiency on scaling to larger organ sizes, matching organ size in the same species, equal relative efficiency in pressurization energy across species and direct size matching between organ mass and mass of contents. The lung, heart and bladder follow these predicted theoretical relationships with a similar relative efficiency across various mammalian and avian species; an exception is cardiac output in mammals with a mass exceeding 10kg. This may limit massive body size in mammals, breaking Cope's rule that populations evolve to increase in body size over time. Such a limit was not found in large flightless birds exceeding 100kg, leading to speculation about unlimited dinosaur size should dinosaurs carry avian-like cardiac characteristics. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  8. Crescimento de mudas de pupunheira (Bactris gasipaes Kunth utilizando resíduo de mineração de areia como componente de substratos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Valéria Augusta Garcia

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050986613O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento de mudas de pupunheira quando utilizado o resíduo fino de mineração de areia na composição de substratos. O experimento constou de cinco tratamentos, sendo quatro composições de diferentes proporções de resíduo de mineração de areia e casca de arroz carbonizada: 1:0; 3:1; 1:1; 1:3 e um substrato padrão composto por latossolo amarelo podzólico álico e esterco de búfalo curtido, na proporção 3:1. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com cinco repetições e 10 mudas por parcela. Repicou-se uma plântula de pupunheira por recipiente (sacos plásticos de polietileno preto de 8 x 20 cm, volume 1,1 L, os quais foram preenchidos com os diferentes substratos. Foram determinadas mensalmente as variáveis diâmetro do coleto, altura da haste, número de folhas e taxa de crescimento relativo e, após 180 dias da repicagem, os valores SPAD (Soil and Plant Analysis Development, dinâmica da assimilação de CO2, da transpiração e da condutividade estomática. O resíduo de mineração de areia puro como substrato não proporcionou mudas de qualidade, visto que esse material apresenta alta densidade e baixa granulometria. Seu uso pode ser indicado como um dos componentes de substratos, pois as plantas que cresceram nas misturas de resíduo e casca de arroz carbonizada apresentaram resultados semelhantes ao do considerado padrão.

  9. Fitodisponibilidade de metais utilizando ácidos orgânicos após sucessiva aplicação de resíduos no solo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria A. G. da Silva

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Conduziu-se este estudo com o objetivo de avaliar a concentração de metais pesados no solo, provenientes de resíduos orgânicos, bem como a ocorrência de fitotoxicidade de metais em soja. Os metais no solo foram extraídos por ácidos orgânicos, comumente presentes na rizosfera das plantas. A soja foi cultivada sucessivamente, durante oito anos, e recebeu repetidamente, a aplicação dos resíduos de origem urbana, como lodo de esgoto biodigerido (LB e lodo de esgoto centrifugado (LC, e de origem industrial, como escória de aciaria (E e a lama cal (LCal. O experimento foi conduzido em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico (Oxisolo na UNESP, Botucatu, SP, onde recebeu os resíduos nas doses de zero (controle 2, 4, e 8 Mg ha-1, antes da semeadura da soja, de 2002 a 2010, a cada dois anos, totalizando quatro aplicações. Nas profundidades analisadas de 0 a 0,10 m e de 0,10 a 0,20 m, ficou evidente que o resíduo que mais acrescentou metais ao solo e às folhas e grãos da soja, foi o LB, aumentando a concentração de Ni, Cd, Pb e Zn, enquanto que nos tratamentos em que se aplicou a escória (E, o principal metal liberado ao solo foi o Cr. A aplicação da LCal não aumentou a concentração dos metais e a soja apresentou uma concentração de Cr, Ni e Zn acima dos limites máximos permitidos para grãos alimentícios, quando recebeu LB, principalmente na dose de 8,0 Mg ha-1.

  10. Avaliação dos solos e das águas nas áreas de influência de disposição de resíduos sólidos urbanos de Humaitá, Amazonas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Benone Otávio Souza de Oliveira

    Full Text Available RESUMO: As áreas utilizadas para disposição de resíduos sólidos urbanos - normalmente representados pelos "lixões" - são focos potenciais de poluição, influenciando negativamente na qualidade de vida, saúde humana e ambiental nas regiões sob sua influência. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as alterações no solo e da água na área de disposição de resíduos sólidos urbanos de Humaitá, Amazonas. O estudo foi realizado em solo de mata nativa, campo natural e na área de disposição de resíduos sólidos, e em curso d'águas próximos à área de disposição de resíduos sólidos. Os baixos teores de argila encontrados no solo da área de estudo o torna inadequado para disposição de resíduos sólidos. Os teores de metais pesados no solo estão dentro dos limites permitidos pela legislação. E na água, apenas o ferro encontra-se acima dos limites permitidos. O índice de qualidade da água mostrou-se bom.

  11. Perfil da sociedade natalense frente aos resíduos sólidos urbanos sob o olhar do gari

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Brunna Soares Rodrigues

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar uma análise crítica referente a postura da sociedade da cidade do Natal/RN diante dos resíduos sólidos urbanos por meio do olhar do gari. As pesquisas se baseiam no estudo da percepção de garis que trabalham em quatro locais distintos, sendo estes: O Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte - IFRN Campus Natal Central, o Parque das Dunas, o centro comercial do Alecrim e a praia de Ponta Negra, onde foram entrevistados individualmente tendo por base uma entrevista semi-estruturada. Através das análises das respostas obtidas percebeu-se que a população natalense seja ela infantil, jovem ou adulta necessita que uma educação ambiental seja trabalhada a fim de que o quadro relacionado aos resíduos mude, melhorando, portanto, a qualidade do meio ambiente e da vida das pessoas.

  12. Resíduos da agroindústria de chá preto como substrato para produção de mudas de hortaliças Agroindustry residues of the black tea as substrate for growing seedlings of vegetable crops

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliana Domingues Lima

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar o efeito do resíduo do chá preto como substrato na produção de mudas de alface, tomate e pepino. Para tal, foram conduzidos testes de germinação e ensaios de crescimento empregando, respectivamente, extrato aquoso e diferentes tipos de resíduo. Nos testes de germinação, sementes de alface, tomate e pepino foram colocadas em bandejas sobre papel de filtro umedecido com água ou extrato aquoso na concentração de 1, 5 e 10%. Nos ensaios de crescimento, sementes das mesmas espécies foram colocadas em bandejas contendo: 1. vermiculita; 2. resíduo decomposto mais vermiculita; 3. resíduo decomposto e 4. resíduo bruto lavado mais vermiculita. O resíduo decomposto foi obtido após processo de decomposição do resíduo bruto e o resíduo bruto lavado foi obtido a partir da lavagem do resíduo bruto em água. Nos testes de germinação e ensaios de crescimento, foi adotado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições com 30 sementes cada. Os resultados indicaram que o extrato aquoso inibiu a germinação das sementes e o crescimento das plântulas de alface, tomate e penino. O uso do resíduo bruto lavado mais vermiculita reduziu a emergência das plântulas. O resíduo decomposto e o resíduo decomposto mais vermiculita estimularam a emergência e o crescimento das plântulas. O processo de decomposição tornou viável a utilização do resíduo da indústria de chá preto como substrato para produção de mudas de hortaliças.This research was aimed at determining the effects of black tea industry residues as substrate on germination and growth of lettuce, tomato and cucumber. For such, germination and growth assays were carried out using, respectively, aqueous extract and different types of residues. In the germination assays, seeds were placed in trays on filter paper humidified with water or aqueous extract in the concentrations of 1, 5 and 10

  13. 5-7 Year Old Children's Conceptions of Behaving Artifacts and the Influence of Constructing Their Behavior on the Development of Theory of Mind (ToM and Theory of Artificial Mind (ToAM

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    Karen Spektor-Precel

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Nowadays, we are surrounded by artifacts that are capable of adaptive behavior, such as electric pots, boiler timers, automatic doors, and robots. The literature concerning human beings’ conceptions of “traditional” artifacts is vast, however, little is known about our conceptions of behaving artifacts, nor of the influence of the interaction with such artifacts on cognitive development, especially among children. Since these artifacts are provided with an artificial “mind,” it is of interest to assess whether and how children develop a Theory of Artificial Mind (ToAM which is distinct from their Theory of Mind (ToM. The study examined a new theoretical scheme named ToAM (Theory of Artificial Mind by means of qualitative and quantitative methodology among twenty four 5-7 year old children from central Israel. It also examined the effects of interacting with behaving artifacts (constructing versus observing the robot’s behavior using the “RoboGan” interface on children’s development of ToAM and their ToM and looked for conceptions that evolve among children while interacting with behaving artifacts which are indicative of the acquisition of ToAM. In the quantitative analysis it was found that the interaction with behaving artifacts, whether as observers or constructors and for both age groups, brought into awareness children’s ToM as well as influenced their ability to understand that robots can behave independently and based on external and environmental conditions. In the qualitative analysis it was found that participating in the intervention influenced the children’s ToAM for both constructors and for the younger observer. Engaging in building the robot’s behavior influenced the children’s ability to explain several of the robots’ behaviors, their understanding of the robot’s script-based behavior and rule-based behavior and the children’s metacognitive development. The theoretical and practical importance of

  14. Relativization of the material “res judicata” in the brazilian civil suit Relativização da coisa julgada material no processo civil brasileiro

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    Maria Isabel Araujo

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available It also addresses the debate about the revitalization of the res judicata in the civil suit of the individual cognitive tutelage when the sentence goes against constitutional norms or principles. It highlights that only the existent sentences, which lead to res judicata unconstitutional or unjust, may be relativized. It sees the principle of proportionality as a method or criterion adequate to solve the conflict of values that arises when the law enforcer is faced with an unfair or unconstitutional sentence. Only the consideration upon values, in a true case, is able to determine whether the res judicata must be kept or not in the juridical order. To relativize the res judicata unconstitutional a de-constitutive action is proposed, with the same characteristics of a rescinding action, but not subject to terms of duration.Trata da polêmica sobre a relativização da coisa julgada no processo civil de tutela cognitiva individual, quando a sentença afronta normas ou princípios constitucionais. Enfoca que somente as sentenças existentes, que produzem coisa julgada inconstitucional ou injusta, podem ser relativizadas. Aponta o princípio da proporcionalidade como método ou critério adequado para resolver o conflito de valores. Somente a ponderação de valores, no caso concreto, é capaz de determinar se a coisa julgada deve ser mantida ou não na ordem jurídica. Para relativizar a coisa julgada inconstitucional propõe o cabimento de uma ação desconstitutiva, com as mesmas características da ação rescisória, mas não sujeita a prazo.

  15. Santé des mères et des adolescentes en Afrique de l'Ouest : vers ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Un nombre élevé de femmes et d'adolescentes continuent de mourir en couches au Niger et au Bénin. Le défi réside dans la façon de régler ce problème. Ce projet vise à améliorer la piètre qualité des services de santé destinés aux mères et aux adolescentes afin de trouver une solution durable à la mortalité évitable.

  16. Gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos urbanos – uma proposta para o município de Paranavaí, Estado do Paraná, Brasil - doi: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v33i1.581

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lucila Akiko Nagashima

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Buscar soluções para a problemática dos resíduos sólidos urbanos é um dos desafios enfrentados pelos gestores públicos municipais atualmente. Com o aumento da população e a sua migração para os centros urbanos nas últimas décadas, as dificuldades em relação ao gerenciamento desses resíduos se multiplicaram e se diversificaram. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho propõe um modelo de gestão integrada dos resíduos sólidos urbanos para a cidade de Paranavaí, objetivando o uso racional quanto aos recursos naturais, a redução da quantidade de resíduos gerados, a sua valorização e a minimização dos riscos associados a sua eliminação. O modelo apresenta um sistema de gerenciamento integrado, composto por: coleta segregada, coleta seletiva, unidades de triagem, unidade de compostagem e aterro sanitário. O trabalho analisa, ainda, a situação em que se encontra o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos domiciliares, a característica dos resíduos gerados pela população paranavaiense, bem como a quantidade de material reciclável coletado na cidade e a forma de operação do aterro sanitário, onde são dispostos aproximadamente 1.700 t mês-1>/sup> de resíduos sólidos urbanos.

  17. Evidence for Long-Timescale Patterns of Synaptic Inputs in CA1 of Awake Behaving Mice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kolb, Ilya; Talei Franzesi, Giovanni; Wang, Michael; Kodandaramaiah, Suhasa B; Forest, Craig R; Boyden, Edward S; Singer, Annabelle C

    2018-02-14

    Repeated sequences of neural activity are a pervasive feature of neural networks in vivo and in vitro In the hippocampus, sequential firing of many neurons over periods of 100-300 ms reoccurs during behavior and during periods of quiescence. However, it is not known whether the hippocampus produces longer sequences of activity or whether such sequences are restricted to specific network states. Furthermore, whether long repeated patterns of activity are transmitted to single cells downstream is unclear. To answer these questions, we recorded intracellularly from hippocampal CA1 of awake, behaving male mice to examine both subthreshold activity and spiking output in single neurons. In eight of nine recordings, we discovered long (900 ms) reoccurring subthreshold fluctuations or "repeats." Repeats generally were high-amplitude, nonoscillatory events reoccurring with 10 ms precision. Using statistical controls, we determined that repeats occurred more often than would be expected from unstructured network activity (e.g., by chance). Most spikes occurred during a repeat, and when a repeat contained a spike, the spike reoccurred with precision on the order of ≤20 ms, showing that long repeated patterns of subthreshold activity are strongly connected to spike output. Unexpectedly, we found that repeats occurred independently of classic hippocampal network states like theta oscillations or sharp-wave ripples. Together, these results reveal surprisingly long patterns of repeated activity in the hippocampal network that occur nonstochastically, are transmitted to single downstream neurons, and strongly shape their output. This suggests that the timescale of information transmission in the hippocampal network is much longer than previously thought. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We found long (≥900 ms), repeated, subthreshold patterns of activity in CA1 of awake, behaving mice. These repeated patterns ("repeats") occurred more often than expected by chance and with 10 ms

  18. The embodiment of tourism among bisexually-behaving Dominican male sex workers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Padilla, Mark B

    2008-10-01

    While theories of "structure" and social inequality have increasingly informed global health efforts for HIV prevention--with growing recognition of the linkages between large-scale political and economic factors in the distribution and impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic--there is still little theorization of precisely how structural factors shape the very bodies and sexualities of specific populations and groups. In order to extend the theoretical understanding of these macro-micro linkages, this article examines how the growth of the tourism industry in the Dominican Republic has produced sexual practices and identities that reflect both the influence of large-scale structural processes and the resistant responses of local individuals. Drawing on social science theories of political economy, embodiment, and authenticity, I argue that an understanding of patterns of sexuality and HIV risk in the region requires analysis of how political-economic transformations related to tourism intersect with the individual experiences and practices of sexuality on the ground. The analysis draws on long-term ethnographic research with bisexually behaving male sex workers in two cities in the Dominican Republic, including participant observation, in-depth interviews, focus groups, and surveys. By examining the global and local values placed on these men's bodies and the ways sex workers use their bodies to broker tourists' pleasure, we may better understand how the large-scale structures of the tourism industry are linked to the specific meanings and practices of sexuality.

  19. Avaliação da retenção de gases em camadas de cobertura de aterros de resíduos sólidos

    OpenAIRE

    Odete Holanda Mariano, Maria

    2008-01-01

    As camadas de cobertura das células dos aterros para RSU funcionam como um isolante entre a massa de resíduos e o ambiente externo. Esta camada também é responsável por evitar a entrada de água na massa de resíduos, bem como, a saída de gases para a atmosfera. Esses fatos por si só, revelam a importância do correto dimensionamento e da adequada execução destes elementos dos aterros. A presente pesquisa aborda o comportamento do solo em relação à retenção dos gases pela camad...

  20. Produção de celulase por fermentação submersa empregando resíduos agroindustriais para a produção de etanol

    OpenAIRE

    Rocha, Nattácia Rodrigues de Araújo Felipe

    2011-01-01

    Neste trabalho estudou-se a produção de um complexo enzimático gerado a partir de resíduos agroindustriais e Aspergillus niger e na sequência a produção de bioetanol utilizando o mesmo resíduo. Nos testes preliminares estudou-se o melhor substrato e escolheu-se a melhor cepa de micro-organismo capaz de gerar um complexo enzimático com boa atividade em termos de celulase (FPase). O complexo enzimático gerado foi submetido a um processo de precipitação salina com o intuito de concentrar o caldo...

  1. Applying Rock Engineering Systems (RES approach to Evaluate and Classify the Coal Spontaneous Combustion Potential in Eastern Alborz Coal Mines

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amir Saffari

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Subject analysis of the potential of spontaneous combustion in coal layers with analytical and numerical methods has been always considered as a difficult task because of the complexity of the coal behavior and the number of factors influencing it. Empirical methods, due to accounting for certain and specific factors, have not accuracy and efficiency for all positions. The Rock Engineering Systems (RES approach as a systematic method for analyzing and classifying is proposed in engineering projects. The present study is concerned with employing the RES approach to categorize coal spontaneous combustion in coal regions. Using this approach, the interaction of parameters affecting each other in an equal scale on the coal spontaneous combustion was evaluated. The Intrinsic, geological and mining characteristics of coal seams were studied in order to identifying important parameters. Then, the main stages of implementation of the RES method i.e. interaction matrix formation, coding matrix and forming a list category were performed. Later, an index of Coal Spontaneous Combustion Potential (CSCPi was determined to format the mathematical equation. Then, the obtained data related to the intrinsic, geological and mining, and special index were calculated for each layer in the case study (Pashkalat coal region, Iran. So, the study offers a perfect and comprehensive classification of the layers. Finally, by using the event of spontaneous combustion occurred in Pashkalat coal region, an initial validation for this systematic approach in the study area was conducted, which suggested relatively good concordance in Pashkalat coal region.

  2. An Image Enhancement Method Using the Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization with an Adaptive Strategy

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    Xiaoping Su

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Image enhancement techniques are very important to image processing, which are used to improve image quality or extract the fine details in degraded images. In this paper, two novel objective functions based on the normalized incomplete Beta transform function are proposed to evaluate the effectiveness of grayscale image enhancement and color image enhancement, respectively. Using these objective functions, the parameters of transform functions are estimated by the quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO. We also propose an improved QPSO with an adaptive parameter control strategy. The QPSO and the AQPSO algorithms, along with genetic algorithm (GA and particle swarm optimization (PSO, are tested on several benchmark grayscale and color images. The results show that the QPSO and AQPSO perform better than GA and PSO for the enhancement of these images, and the AQPSO has some advantages over QPSO due to its adaptive parameter control strategy.

  3. Indicadores de resíduos de construção e demolição para construções residenciais novas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miguel Mália

    Full Text Available A indústria da construção representa um dos maiores e mais activos sectores da União Europeia (UE, consumindo mais matérias-primas e energia do que qualquer outra actividade económica. Da mesma forma, os resíduos das suas actividades corespondem a uma elevada parcela dos resíduos produzidos em toda a UE. A actual legislação na UE visa criar condições para a implementação de medidas de prevenção e reciclagem de RCD. No entanto, carece de instrumentos que acelerem o desenvolvimento de um sector tão tradicional como o da construção. O presente trabalho tem por objectivo determinar indicadores que possibilitem estimar a quantidade de RCD gerados, ao nível da obra, tanto globalmente como por fluxo de resíduos. A geração de RCD foi estimada para seis sectores específicos: nova construção residencial, nova construção não residencial, demolição residencial, demolição não residencial, reabilitação residencial e reabilitação não residencial. Neste artigo, apresentam-se os resultados para a nova construção residencial. Os dados necessários ao desenvolvimento dos indicadores foram obtidos através de um levantamento exaustivo dos dados de estudos anteriores.

  4. Identification and characterization of carprofen as a multi-target FAAH/COX inhibitor

    Science.gov (United States)

    Favia, Angelo D.; Habrant, Damien; Scarpelli, Rita; Migliore, Marco; Albani, Clara; Bertozzi, Sine Mandrup; Dionisi, Mauro; Tarozzo, Glauco; Piomelli, Daniele; Cavalli, Andrea; De Vivo, Marco

    2013-01-01

    Pain and inflammation are major therapeutic areas for drug discovery. Current drugs for these pathologies have limited efficacy, however, and often cause a number of unwanted side effects. In the present study, we identify the non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug, carprofen, as a multi-target-directed ligand that simultaneously inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), COX-2 and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). Additionally, we synthesized and tested several racemic derivatives of carprofen, sharing this multi-target activity. This may result in improved analgesic efficacy and reduced side effects (Naidu, et al (2009) J Pharmacol Exp Ther 329, 48-56; Fowler, C.J. et al. (2012) J Enzym Inhib Med Chem Jan 6; Sasso, et al (2012) Pharmacol Res 65, 553). The new compounds are among the most potent multi-target FAAH/COXs inhibitors reported so far in the literature, and thus may represent promising starting points for the discovery of new analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs. PMID:23043222

  5. Cinética de secagem do resíduo de abacaxi enriquecido Drying kinetics of enriched pineapple residue

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hofsky V. Alexandre

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores de abacaxi do mundo e o maior da América do Sul. O fruto é a parte comercializável da planta enquanto o restante é formado por caule, folha, casca, coroa e talos, considerado resíduo agrícola e não tem sido devidamente aproveitado, resultando em perdas econômicas. Caracterizar e avaliar a cinética de secagem do resíduo (casca de abacaxi (Ananas comosus L. enriquecido utilizando a levedura Saccharomyces cerevisiae em leito estático, em camada fina de secagem, utilizando-se de planejamento experimental fatorial, foi o objetivo deste estudo. A temperatura (40 a 60 ºC e a velocidade do ar de secagem (0,8 a 1,3 m s-1 são as variáveis do processo. O resíduo enriquecido e caracterizado apresentou alto teor de matéria seca (90,27% e elevado teor de proteína (20,21% em relação ao resíduo in natura (7,61%. A cinética de secagem ocorreu no período de taxa decrescente. Os modelos Page, Henderson & Pabis e Lewis, ajustaram os dados experimentais satisfatoriamente, sendo Page discretamente superior aos demais. Verificou-se influência da variável temperatura apenas para a variável resposta umidade, não sendo observada influência estatisticamente significativa da velocidade do ar de secagem.Brazil is the largest producer of pineapple (Ananas comosus L. in South America and one of the largest in the world. The fruit is the marketable part of the plant, while the rest formed by stem, leaves, peel, crowns and shafts is considered as agricultural residue and is not properly used, resulting in economic loss. The aim of this study was to characterize and to evaluate the drying kinetics of enriched pineapple residue (peel using Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast in static bed in fine layer, using of experimental factorial planning. The temperature (40 to 60 ºC and the wind speed (0.8 to 1.3 m s-1 were the process variables. The characterized enriched residue exhibited a high dry matter content (90.27% and a

  6. An RES-Based Model for Risk Assessment and Prediction of Backbreak in Bench Blasting

    Science.gov (United States)

    Faramarzi, F.; Ebrahimi Farsangi, M. A.; Mansouri, H.

    2013-07-01

    Most blasting operations are associated with various forms of energy loss, emerging as environmental side effects of rock blasting, such as flyrock, vibration, airblast, and backbreak. Backbreak is an adverse phenomenon in rock blasting operations, which imposes risk and increases operation expenses because of safety reduction due to the instability of walls, poor fragmentation, and uneven burden in subsequent blasts. In this paper, based on the basic concepts of a rock engineering systems (RES) approach, a new model for the prediction of backbreak and the risk associated with a blast is presented. The newly suggested model involves 16 effective parameters on backbreak due to blasting, while retaining simplicity as well. The data for 30 blasts, carried out at Sungun copper mine, western Iran, were used to predict backbreak and the level of risk corresponding to each blast by the RES-based model. The results obtained were compared with the backbreak measured for each blast, which showed that the level of risk achieved is in consistence with the backbreak measured. The maximum level of risk [vulnerability index (VI) = 60] was associated with blast No. 2, for which the corresponding average backbreak was the highest achieved (9.25 m). Also, for blasts with levels of risk under 40, the minimum average backbreaks (<4 m) were observed. Furthermore, to evaluate the model performance for backbreak prediction, the coefficient of correlation ( R 2) and root mean square error (RMSE) of the model were calculated ( R 2 = 0.8; RMSE = 1.07), indicating the good performance of the model.

  7. Caracterização de resíduos de copolímeros de etileno-acetato de vinila - EVA Characterization of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA residues

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ademir J. Zattera

    2005-03-01

    Full Text Available O poli[(etileno-co-(acetato de vinila] (EVA possui grande aplicação na indústria calçadista, sendo utilizado na confecção de placas expandidas para posterior corte de palmilhas e entressolas. Estudos realizados na região sul do Brasil mostraram que os resíduos gerados pela indústria calçadista foram superiores a 200 toneladas/mês em 2001, sendo o maior volume oriundo de recortes de placas expandidas. Por isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi o de caracterizar resíduos de EVA de chapas expandidas, visando à reciclagem mecânica desse material. Análises em MEV demonstraram que o resíduo de EVA apresenta uma morfologia microcelular que é destruída após o processo de moagem. O resíduo de EVA moído apresenta duas fases, uma reticulada (matriz e uma não-reticulada (dispersa. O resíduo de EVA apresentou teor de gel de aproximadamente 75% em massa, cerca de 20% em massa de acetato de vinila (VAc, fora processado a partir de EVA com aproximadamente 28% de VAc e possui teor de carga inorgânica de 20% em massa, segundo análises em TGA. O EVA resíduo apresentou maiores valores de módulo elástico e de dureza, e menores valores de elongação na ruptura e de resistência ao impacto Izod. O custo energético da moagem do resíduo de EVA foi calculado como sendo inferior a 5% do valor do EVA virgem.Poly[(ethylene-co-(vinyl acetate] (EVA has large application in the shoes industries, especially as expanded sheets, in order to produce insoles and innersoles. Studies carried out in the south region of Brazil in 2001 have demonstrated that the residues generated by shoes industries were higher than 200 ton/month, the major part of which is composed by EVA expanded sheets. With this in mind, the objective of this work was to characterize the residues of expanded EVA and also to analyze the milling cost in order to make the recycling possible. The EVA residues presented originally a microcellular structure, which was destroyed after milling

  8. Hospital doctors behave differently, and only by respecting the fundamentals of professional organizations will managers be able to create common goals with professionals.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Van Dijck, H

    2014-08-01

    Hospital doctors behave differently from other hospital workers. The general and specific characteristics of the doctors' behavior are described. As professionals, doctors want to make autonomous decisions and more specifically, they negotiate differently. The best description of their negotiation style is one that features multi-actor, multi-issue characteristics. They behave as actors in a network in never-ending rounds of negotiations with variable issues up for discussion: one time you lose, the next you win. A doctor's career starts with a long residency period in which he or she absorbs professional habits. His or her knowledge and way of organizing are implicit. It is hard for him or her to explicitly describe what he or she is doing. This makes it difficult for managers to discuss quality issues with doctors. Dealing with disruptive behavior is not easy either. The difficult tasks of the chief medical officer, who acts as a go-between, are highlighted. Only when managers respect the fundamentals of the professional organization will they be able to create common goals with the professionals. Common goals bring about better care in hospitals.

  9. 100% RES communities. Steps towards 100% renewable energy at local level in Europe. Motivations, approaches, examples

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Regnier, Yannick; Pidana, Paulina; Hanisch, Angela; Priesner, Georg C.; Mc Kinney, Simon; Buschmann, Pia; Csanaky, Lilla; Praillet, Frederic; Zanchini, Edoardo; Lefevre, Christelle; ); Marincek, Gorazd; Meiffren, Isabelle; Toplice, Liliana

    2015-01-01

    Enhanced in 2014, the energy and climate goals for 2030 of the European Union require the mobilization of everyone, everywhere. In a dynamic set to intensify rural territories, as well as cities, the communities have a major role to play. As the principal trustees of renewable resource deposits, they are the vanguard of the energy transition. Their strengths? Wind and water in abundance (very often), the sun of course, biomass - agricultural, forest, woodland, domestic, food processing - geothermal energy. With the desire to make this renewable capital live, it made some decide to take or regain control of the energy issue, reduce their energy bills and those of their inhabitants. Attracted by the opportunity to revitalize local economies and rural communes (alone or in groups) they are more likely to want to become 100% RES. But how to move from intention to action when faced with the lack of knowledge, or means, or when you feel too small to act? It is to assist you in developing your energy policy that this guide was written. Pragmatic, practical, it brings together the return on experience from partners and communities involved in 100% RES Communities project. For three years, elected representatives from rural areas, some experienced and some less, together with experts from 10 countries in Europe, have sought the best organizational, technical and financial means to reduce consumption and produce renewable energy. If because of the administrative, cultural, economic differences within the Union, all the territories do not enjoy the same facilities, the 100% RES Communities project has defined pragmatic methods, practices and tools which will make your work easier. You will find in this guide the key steps in defining your strategy and building your action plan. This is a feasible action plan to be shared and implemented with the stakeholders. A final note: because it is within networks that we discover new solutions, which can replenish the practices and

  10. Demografia do consumo urbano: um estudo sobre a geração de resíduos sólidos domiciliares no município de Belo Horizonte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Harley Silva

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho explora relações entre fatores socioeconômicos e demográficos e a produção de resíduos sólidos domiciliares - o lixo doméstico -, para o município de Belo Horizonte em 2002. A proposta foi investigar se diferenciais socioeconômicos (especificamente renda e educação e demográficos (especificamente estrutura etária e domiciliar são importantes na definição do volume de resíduos gerado em sub-regiões do município. O consumo, nesse sentido, é visto como o elo entre as dimensões "população" e "geração de resíduos". A fonte de dados sobre a geração de resíduos sólidos é a Superintendência de Limpeza Urbana (SLU, responsável pela coleta e sistematização das informações em uma malha cartográfica digital. Tal representação espacial das informações permitiu concatená-las com os dados da malha digital das Áreas de Ponderação do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE, referentes ao Censo Demográfico 2000. Métodos estatísticos multivariados foram empregados para investigar as associações entre variáveis populacionais e a produção de resíduos. O trabalho se destaca no cenário dos estudos de população no Brasil pelo uso inédito de informações produzidas sobre resíduos sólidos urbanos e a interação de sua produção com aspectos socioeconômicos e demográficos. Os resultados indicam que a concentração de domicílios unipessoais, população e chefes com 60 anos e mais, e idade média elevada, algo como um "perfil demográfico urbano-contemporâneo", surge recorrentemente como aspecto demográfico central na diferenciação de áreas de maior geração per capita. Estes fatores são associados constantemente à renda e escolaridade elevadas.

  11. Solving the economic dispatch problem with a modified quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization method

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jun Sun; Wei Fang; Daojun Wang; Wenbo Xu [School of Information Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122 (China)

    2009-12-15

    In this paper, a modified quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) method is proposed to solve the economic dispatch (ED) problem in power systems, whose objective is to simultaneously minimize the generation cost rate while satisfying various equality and inequality constraints. The proposed method, denoted as QPSO-DM, combines the QPSO algorithm with differential mutation operation to enhance the global search ability of the algorithm. Many nonlinear characteristics of the generator, such as ramp rate limits, prohibited operating zones, and nonsmooth cost functions are considered when the proposed method is used in practical generator operation. The feasibility of the QPSO-DM method is demonstrated by three different power systems. It is compared with the QPSO, the differential evolution (DE), the particle swarm optimization (PSO), and the genetic algorithm (GA) in terms of the solution quality, robustness and convergence property. The simulation results show that the proposed QPSO-DM method is able to obtain higher quality solutions stably and efficiently in the ED problem than any other tested optimization algorithm. (author)

  12. Solving the economic dispatch problem with a modified quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sun Jun; Fang Wei; Wang Daojun; Xu Wenbo

    2009-01-01

    In this paper, a modified quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) method is proposed to solve the economic dispatch (ED) problem in power systems, whose objective is to simultaneously minimize the generation cost rate while satisfying various equality and inequality constraints. The proposed method, denoted as QPSO-DM, combines the QPSO algorithm with differential mutation operation to enhance the global search ability of the algorithm. Many nonlinear characteristics of the generator, such as ramp rate limits, prohibited operating zones, and nonsmooth cost functions are considered when the proposed method is used in practical generator operation. The feasibility of the QPSO-DM method is demonstrated by three different power systems. It is compared with the QPSO, the differential evolution (DE), the particle swarm optimization (PSO), and the genetic algorithm (GA) in terms of the solution quality, robustness and convergence property. The simulation results show that the proposed QPSO-DM method is able to obtain higher quality solutions stably and efficiently in the ED problem than any other tested optimization algorithm.

  13. Interventions pour améliorer la santé des mères, des nouveau-nés ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Améliorer la qualité des soins. - Assurer la bonne continuité de la prise en charge des mères et des enfants. - S'attaquer aux problèmes financiers et géographiques liés au paludisme saisonnier. De la grossesse à l'accouchement. Dans les deux pays visés, les chercheurs évalueront le rôle de quatre interventions sur les ...

  14. M e Multidr enriche rug-res ed for sistant CD133 of TG t hepa 3 subp ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    SAM

    apy is a m apy failure, a a small sub apy. Some s m of chemoth ment could m of chemot resistant (MD el (PTX) repe termine cellu e CSCs mark ads signalin nt of subline hed CSCs fr signaling res ay activity at cells are e of TGF-β1/S for HCC. Hepatocellul. N carcinoma ( author. E-mail: CSCs, Cancer ance; PTX, pac that this ...

  15. Monitoramento das águas subterrâneas e lixiviado do local de disposição dos resíduos sólidos urbanos do município de Passo Fundo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Márcia Helena Beck

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo desta pesquisa foi o monitoramento das águas subterrâneas e do lixiviado, do local de disposição de resíduos sólidos urbanos do município de Passo Fundo, uma parceria entre universidade e instituição pública, no intuito de investigar possíveis danos ao meio ambiente. Para isto foram executadas analises físico-químicas durante o período de junho de 2004 a janeiro de 2005 no local de disposição destes resíduos. Os resultados demonstraram que os valores encontrados nas águas subterrâneas, de cloreto, sódio, zinco, cobre, nitrito e dureza obedeceram aos padrões de potabilidade. Porém, a qualidade destas águas está comprometida, devido aos valores de condutividade elétrica, DBO e DQO. Pode-se concluir deste estudo que as águas subterrâneas estão contaminadas com o lixiviado produzido pelos resíduos sólidos, provenientes da deposição dos resíduos sólidos urbanos, produzidos pela cidade de Passo Fundo.

  16. Resíduo agroindustrial na formação de mudas ornamentais irrigadas com água residuária

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aline Costa Ferreira

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available O reuso de água de esgoto tratada juntamente com o uso de resíduos industriais para a formação de mudas de girassol ornamental vem sendo uma alternativa econômica para o estado da Paraíba. Nesse contexto, a pesquisa foi realizada objetivando-se a utilização de resíduo agroindustrial na formação de mudas ornamentais irrigadas com água residuária. Desenvolvido em ambiente protegido na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande – UFCG, localizado no Estado da Paraíba-PB, utilizaram-se os seguintes tratamentos: 100% substrato comercial (SC, 100% solo (S, 100% fibra de coco (FC e 50% (SC misturado a 50% (FC, combinados com 2 tipos de água (A1 – abastecimento; A2 – residuária. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, num esquema fatorial de 4 x 2, com 3 repetições e 3 plantas por repetição. Foram avaliados a altura de planta (AP, o número de folhas (NF e o diâmetro do caule (DC, comprimento radicular (CR, fitomassa fresca da parte aérea (FFPA e da raiz (FFR, fitomassa seca da parte aérea (FSPA e da raiz (FSR.  As maiores médias foram relacionadas à utilização de água residuária e resultados obtidos pelo uso dos diversos substratos, os quais tiveram significância para algumas variáveis, em pelo menos uma época de avaliação. Percebe-se a importância do uso de água residuária como fertirrigação das mudas e o reaproveitamento de resíduos industriais como substrato, sendo uma alternativa com grande potencial e viável para os pequenos agricultores.

  17. Relation entre la faune de quelques rivières du nord-ouest de l'Angleterre et les activités humaines

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    MACAN T. T.

    1976-01-01

    Full Text Available MINSHALL et KUEHNE ont signalé que, dans la « Région des lacs » en Angleterre, alors que la faune typique d'un ruisseau à fond pierreux peut monter jusqu'aux sources dans les montagnes, il y a des zones où la faune est pauvre, hormis les Plécoptères. Dans ces dernières eaux, le pH et le taux en calcium sont faibles, comme l'ont montré SUTCLIFFE et CARRICK qui pensent qu'il s'agit d'une pollution atmosphérique. De telles communautés habitent les affluents de la Rivière Lune. La rivière elle-même traverse une gorge où, grâce aux éboulis, le fond est stable. La faune actuelle est riche en espèces et en individus, surtout en larves de Tricoptères avec filet. C'est presque la seule région où les mollusques ne risquent pas d'être écrasés par les pierres roulantes. En aval, dans une longue plaine alluviale, le substrat est instable et, en conséquence, les espèces sont peu nombreuses bien que les individus de quelques-unes soient abondants. Une augmentation de l'enrichissement actuel provenant des villes et des prairies cultivées pourrait provoquer une croissance excessive des algues filamenteuses. Celles-ci font disparaître la vraie faune lithicole et disparaissent elles-mêmes en temps de crue, en emportant vers l'aval les animaux qu'elles hébergent. Au-delà de la plaine, la rivière traverse une région à pierre meulière, sur un lit plat et lisse. Entre deux barrages, ce lit est couvert de mousses habitées par 4 espèces d'éphémères qui ne se trouvent ailleurs, que dans de petites baies où le courant est faible. On a remarqué dans une rivière voisine la disparition de telles espèces après l'amélioration du lit par les ingénieurs.

  18. Dinâmica do nitrogênio na cultura de cana-de-açúcar em diferentes sistemas de manejo de resíduos da colheita.

    OpenAIRE

    Maria Del Valle Basanta

    2004-01-01

    Com o objetivo de avaliar, durante cinco anos, o efeito de dois sistemas de manejo dos resíduos culturais, colheita tradicional com queima prévia (CQ) e colheita sem queima (SQ), sobre a produtividade da cana-de-açúcar e a dinâmica do nitrogênio no sistema solo-planta em função do nitrogênio introduzido através do fertilizante e dos resíduos culturais, foi instalado um experimento com adubação no plantio com 63kg.ha-1 de N com os seguintes tratamentos: (T1) 15N-SA (sulfato de amônio) e colhei...

  19. Charging and switching of ferroelectrets: how much can ferroelectrets behave like ferroelectrics?

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Schwoediauer, R.; Graz, I.; Bauer, S.

    2004-01-01

    Dielectrics with good charge storage capability, so called charge electrets, are non or weakly-polar materials. Despite their non-polar nature porous charge electrets with internally charged surfaces can exhibit very pronounced piezoelectricity. Such systems have been termed 'ferroelectrets' and they have been receiving growing attention over the last few years. Their puzzling and unexpected features resemble very much those normally known from traditional ferroelectrics: ferroelectrets are piezo- and pyroelectric, their polarization can be reversed by means of an external field and electrical as well as mechanical hysteresis loops were observed. As conventional ferroelectrics are different and more complicated than ferromagnets, so are ferroelectrets different and more complex than most ferroelectrics. Here we report about the very different charging and switching mechanism in ferroelectrets, both in simple model-systems and in less simple foam structures. These mechanisms are crucial and form the basis for the striking phenomenological similarities to ferroelectrics. We also want to address some of the specific peculiarities and pitfalls related to present ferroelectrets and their characterization. Interfacial charge injection at high electric fields and anelastic non-linearities, for instance, can be the cause for false ferroelectric-like hysteresis effects which do not reflect any polarization reversal. Our contribution is an attempt towards a more comprehensive picture of how much ferroelectrets behave like ferroelectrics. (author)

  20. Les premières années de The Himalayan Journal (1929-1940

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michel Raspaud

    2001-05-01

    Full Text Available IntroductionLa création de The Himalayan Club, sur le territoire de l’Empire des Indes à la fin de l’année 1927, s’accompagne presque aussitôt de la publication de The Himalayan Journal, en février 1929, soit mois de dix-huit mois après la création officielle de l’institution. L’objet du présent texte concerne donc la vie de The Himalayan Club lors de ses premières années d’existence, depuis la date de sa création jusqu’au début de la seconde guerre mondiale. Cependant, l’intérêt se focaliser...

  1. O aproveitamento do resíduo da indústria do sisal no controle de larvas de mosquitos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pizarro Ana Paula B.

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available Descreve-se o aproveitamento do resíduo do desfibramento das folhas de Agave sisalana, como um larvicida para o combate a mosquitos transmissores de doenças tropicais. Durante 24 horas, larvas de Aedes aegypti e Culex quinquefasciatus foram expostas a concentrações diferentes do extrato da planta para determinar as concentrações letais. Para A. aegypti foi constatada a CL50 em 322ppm e para C. quinquefasciatus em 183ppm. Foi investigada a ação de saponinas existentes na planta, ficando evidenciado que o resíduo de A. sisalana é ativo através da interação de vários dos seus componentes. Este extrato poderá ser utilizado em campo, na concentração de 100ppm para C. quinquefasciatus com um aumento do tempo de exposição para três dias, obtendo-se uma mortalidade de 100% das larvas. Este produto, porém, não é recomendado para o controle de A. aegypti, devido à necessidade de uma alta concentração para a obtenção de 100% de mortalidade das larvas e ao fato destas se desenvolverem preferencialmente em água potável.

  2. Comparison of auctions and alternative policy options for RES-E support

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kitzing, Lena; Islam, Marco; Fitch-Roy, Oscar

    2016-01-01

    benefits of RES, there may be valid reasons for policy makers not to employ auctions, since under particular circumstances it may be desirable not to control quantities but the price. As such, they raise the question whether pure support cost minimisation should be the only goal when implementing......This report concludes the work carried out in the course of Task 6.2 of the AURES project. It is its aim to compare auctions with alternative policy instruments and in particular, to examine under which circumstances auctions may be superior and inferior to achieve intended policy targets....... For that purpose, we identify a number of potential drivers that might affect an instrument’s effectiveness, its efficiency and further success criteria. Among this list of relevant drivers, the basis for our analysis is the factor risk, where our core focus is on risk for policy makers. Assuming a world...

  3. Mapeamento da deposição irregular dos resíduos provenientes da construção civil na cidade de Mossoró-RN

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Giordanio Bruno Silva Oliveira

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available A construção civil tem sido considerada uma das mais importantes atividades para o desenvolvimento da sociedade, porém é uma atividade que causa impactos ambientais, pois utiliza recursos naturais, modifica o meio ambiente e gera um grande volume de resíduos. Nota-se que as atividades ligadas à construção civil no município de Mossoró-RN, são responsáveis por gerar uma quantidade considerável de resíduos de construção civil (RCC, que na maioria das vezes, são depositados em locais irregulares, por não haver na cidade um local específico para esse fim. Esses resíduos constituem um grave problema, tanto para o meio ambiente quanto para qualidade de vida da população. A pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de mapear áreas de depósito irregular de resíduos provenientes da construção civil na cidade de Mossoró-RN. Foi realizada a demarcação dos pontos de acordo com a localização do despejo dos resíduos, com a finalidade de identificar e indicar sua localização dentro da zona urbana de Mossoró-RN. No presente estudo, foi possível identificar 11 pontos de deposição irregular de resíduos provenientes da construção civil, espalhados em diferentes locais da cidade, alguns situando-se próximo de áreas residenciais, o que caracteriza sérios riscos à saúde pública, e outros dispostos próximos de cursos d’água, o que provoca degradação do meio ambiente.Mapping of irregular dumping of solid waste from construction industry at Mossoró-RN, BrazilAbstract: Construction industry has been considered one of the most important activities regarding to society development, however it causes environmental impacts, because it uses natural resources, modifies the environment and generate a huge amount of waste. It was observed that in Mossoró, RN, Brazil, a large amount of construction waste is often deposed in unauthorized sites because the municipality does not provide a specific site for this purpose. Such waste

  4. Resíduo de Curtumes como Fonte de Nitrogênio para Trigo e Arroz em Sucessão

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lívia Cristina Coelho

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO O processo de estabilização necessário para o curtimento das peles, na indústria coureira, gera grande quantidade de resíduo sólido colagênico com elevado potencial poluidor. Esse resíduo contém elevado teor de nitrogênio, o que confere ao resíduo potencial para uso agrícola. Para avaliar a viabilidade da aplicação de rejeito da indústria do couro, como fonte nitrogenada para as culturas do trigo e arroz de sequeiro, foi implantado um experimento em casa de vegetação com cinco doses de N provenientes do colágeno (0, 225, 450, 675 e 900 mg kg-1 e três tratamentos adicionais (controle, ureia e ureia reposta no segundo cultivo. A aplicação de até 675 mg kg-1 de N via colágeno propiciou produção de matéria seca de plantas de trigo similar à aplicação de N mineral e maior massa de grãos de trigo em todas as doses estudadas (14 a 41 % superiores à aplicação de N mineral. Como fonte residual, a aplicação do colágeno proporcionou níveis de N no solo suficientes para obter massa de grãos de arroz nas doses mais elevadas (acima de 675 mg kg-1de N via colágeno, sem que os teores de Cr foliares sejam considerados tóxicos. O colágeno pode ser boa alternativa para a implantação da cultura do arroz após a colheita de trigo, sem prejuízos de produtividade e necessidade de reposição de fertilizantes nitrogenados, se aplicado na dose 675 mg kg-1 de N fornecido via colágeno.

  5. Aplicação do método AHP para a hierarquização das alternativas de tratamento de resíduos sólidos domiciliares

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Lúcia Marchezetti

    Full Text Available A realidade atual da Região Metropolitana de Curitiba (RMC em relação à gestão de resíduos sólidos domiciliares foi a motivação inicial desta pesquisa. Seu objetivo principal consiste em identificar e hierarquizar as alternativas tecnológicas disponíveis para o tratamento desses resíduos. Os resultados obtidos derivaram do conhecimento da quantidade de resíduos gerados na RMC e da revisão da literatura, que serviu de suporte para a identificação de alternativas tecnológicas para o tratamento de resíduos domiciliares. Para a determinação da hierarquia entre as alternativas de tratamento foi adotado o método AHP - Analytic Hierarchy Process. A aplicação deste método prmitiu hierarquizar as tecnologias, sendo a reciclagem identificada como como a mais adequada, com somatória dos pesos igual a 3,488, e a incineração, como a menos adequada, com somatória igual a 1,005. Como resultado principal produziu-se uma ferramenta que permitiu simular cenários em função da alteração dos valores dos critérios adotados. Cada novo cenário possibilita a utilização da mesma metodologia aplicada à RMC como apoio à tomada de decisão em outras circunstâncias, específicas para cada município ou consórcio de municípios.

  6. Fréquence et caractéristiques des AVC impliquant les artères perforantes dans le Service de Neurologie de l’Hopital Bafelatanana, Antananarivo

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rasaholiarison, Nomena Finiavana; Randrianasolo, Rahamefy Odilon; Rajaonarison, Lala Andriamasinavalona; Rakotomanana, Jenny Larissa; Razafimahefa, Julien; Tehindrazanarivelo, Alain Djacoba

    2017-01-01

    Introduction Les accidents vasculaires cérébraux des artères perforantes sont surtout des artériolopathies. Ils évoluent vers la démence et la récurrence. Pour mieux prévenir ces complications notre étude avait pour but d'évaluer la fréquence et les caractéristiques de ces AVC. Méthodes c'est une étude descriptive rétrospective du 01 Mars au 25 Septembre 2015 au service de Neurologie CHU-JRB. Ont été inclus les patients présentant un déficit neurologique brutal et un scanner cérébral avec atteinte du territoire profonde. Les caractéristiques des AVC des artères perforantes ont été recueillies. Les données étaient traitées par le logiciel SPSS 20. Résultats Quatre-vingt-trois (48,25%) patients avaient des AVC des artères perforantes sur 172 AVC. Pour les AVC des artères perforantes la population était jeune avec 65,06% moins de 65 ans et à prédominance masculine avec 61,44%. Les formes hémorragiques étaient à 67,46%. Trente et un patients (37,34%) ont connu des récurrences et parmi eux presque le quart avait 2 récurrences avec 38,70% en moins de un an. Tous les patients avec récurrence avaient un trouble dysexécutif (p AVC pendant l'hospitalisation. Conclusion Un suivi spécifique en neurologie est nécessaire dès le premier accident vasculaire cérébral d'artère perforante pour dépister un début de démence et prévenir les récurrences. PMID:29255546

  7. Caracteriza??es f?sica e qu?mica de res?duos s?lidos da cajucultura e avalia??o do potencial energ?tico em processos de convers?o t?rmica

    OpenAIRE

    Tavares, Priscilla Torquato

    2016-01-01

    O aumento da demanda energ?tica e a crescente necessidade de produ??o sustent?vel de energia tem mostrado a import?ncia da diversifica??o das fontes energ?ticas. A biomassa tem se destacado por suas caracter?sticas econ?micas, f?sicas e qu?micas, podendo ser considerada como a fonte energ?tica do futuro. Os res?duos agr?colas s?o uma forma de biomassa apropriada para produ??o energ?tica. A gera??o de res?duos proveniente do cultivo e beneficiamento do caju produziu em 2015, no ...

  8. Quantificação de resíduos sólidos na drenagem urbana

    OpenAIRE

    Marllus Gustavo Ferreira Passos das Neves

    2006-01-01

    O objetivo deste trabalho é quantificar os resíduos sólidos que atingem a rede de drenagem de águas pluviais, isto é, plásticos, vidros, papéis e outros que podem ter destinação mais adequada do que a mais comum nos países em desenvolvimento: cursos d’água, ruas e outros locais inadequados. A quantificação do lixo foi realizada a partir da pesagem do material que atingiu o poço da casa de bombas de número 12, situada o parque Marinha do Brasil em Porto Alegre. Logo a montante desta casa de bo...

  9. The role of the intrinsic cholinergic system of the striatum: What have we learned from TAN recordings in behaving animals?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Apicella, Paul

    2017-09-30

    Cholinergic interneurons provide rich local innervation of the striatum and play an important role in controlling behavior, as evidenced by the variety of movement and psychiatric disorders linked to disrupted striatal cholinergic transmission. Much progress has been made in recent years regarding our understanding of how these interneurons contribute to the processing of information in the striatum. In particular, investigation of the activity of presumed striatal cholinergic interneurons, identified as tonically active neurons or TANs in behaving animals, has pointed to their role in the signaling and learning of the motivational relevance of environmental stimuli. Although the bulk of this work has been conducted in monkeys, several studies have also been carried out in behaving rats, but information remains rather disparate across studies and it is still questionable whether rodent TANs correspond to TANs described in monkeys. Consequently, our current understanding of the function of cholinergic transmission in the striatum is challenged by the rapidly growing, but often confusing literature on the relationship between TAN activity and specific behaviors. As regards the precise nature of the information conveyed by the cholinergic TANs, a recent influential view emphasized that these local circuit neurons may play a special role in the processing of contextual information that is important for reinforcement learning and selection of appropriate actions. This review provides a summary of recent progress in TAN physiology from which it is proposed that striatal cholinergic interneurons are crucial elements for flexible switching of behaviors under changing environmental conditions. Copyright © 2017 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  10. Tratamento de resíduo líquido de laticínios utilizando Caixas de Gordura e Reator Anaeróbio Compartimentado seguido de Leitos Cultivados

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Cristina Ferreira Moreira da Silva

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available Neste trabalho foram avaliados o desempenho e a eficiência de um sistema de tratamento de resíduos líquidos de laticínios na remoção da carga orgânica do resíduo em uma indústria de laticínios, utilizando um sistema composto por caixas de gordura, reator anaeróbio compartimentado e leitos cultivados de fluxo subsuperficial vegetado com Typha sp. e utilizando como meio suporte brita #1, sob diferentes tempos de detenção hidráulica (3 e 5 dias nos leitos cultivados. Como média geral na remoção de DBO e de DQO, o tratamento utilizando tempo de detenção de 3 dias conseguiu remover 98,87% de DBO e  99,77% de DQO, enquanto o tratamento utilizando 5 dias de detenção hidráulica removeu, em média, 99,51% de DBO e 99,56% de DQO. Os resultados indicam que o sistema foi eficiente no tratamento de resíduos líquidos de laticínios.

  11. A coleta seletiva como política pública na gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos – o caso da cidade do Rio de Janeiro

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vinícius Ferreira Baptista

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo analisa a coleta seletiva como política pública. Primeiramente é contextualizada a questão dos custos na gestão dos resíduos, notadamente com ênfase sobre os lixões clandestinos. Após, indicamos as políticas públicas que tratam da matéria. Paralelamente, contextualizamos o cenário da gestão dos resíduos no âmbito da cidade do Rio de janeiro, a partir de dados e indicadores estatísticos de fontes governamentais e não governamentais, assim como destacamos os atores influentes nas políticas e programas voltados à coleta seletiva. Concluímos que a coleta seletiva vem sendo aplicada não como instrumento de gestão da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, mas como política pública em si.

  12. Retention of Rotavirus Infectivity in Mussels Heated by Using the French Recipe Moules Marinières.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Souza, Doris Sobral Marques; Miura, Takayuki; Le Mennec, Cécile; Barardi, Célia Regina Monte; Le Guyader, Françoise S

    2015-11-01

    To evaluate the persistence of infectious virus after heating, mussels contaminated with a rotavirus strain were prepared following the French recipe moules marinières (mariner's mussels). Rotavirus was then quantified by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and a cell culture infectivity assay. Results showed the persistence of infectious virus after 3 min of cooking. After 5 min, when no infectious virus could be detected, the RT-qPCR approach showed a 1-log decrease compared with concentrations detected after 1 min of cooking.

  13. Prédiction du comportement à long terme des matériaux polymères

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lemaire, J.

    1998-06-01

    Most of the world activity on research, development and control of polymer durability is still based on empirical techniques developed in the early ages of polymer uses. Those techniques should be critically analysed considering the state of the art in the fundamental understanding of these complex phenomena. A more rational approach is described, especially to predict the lifetime of polymeric materials in environmental conditions. That approach is based on the recognition of the chemical evolution mechanisms. Les activités de recherche, développement et contrôle de durabilité des matériaux polymères sont encore, pour une part très importante, basées sur l'emploi de techniques empiriques dont les principes ont été énoncés dès le début de l'exploitation de ces matériaux. Une analyse critique de ces méthodes s'impose aujourd'hui en tenant compte de l'avancement des connaissances. Une approche plus rationnelle est décrite, approche basée sur la reconnaissance des mécanismes d'évolution chimique. A titre d'exemple, le mécanisme d'évolution du PVC sous contraintes conjuguées de l'UV, de la chaleur et de l'oxygène, est décrit. Des études récentes de photooxydation de polymères conducteurs au sein de polyéthylène sont également succinctement rapportées.

  14. Les entrevues sont axées sur la création de villes sûres et inclusives ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    19 juin 2015 ... Cette série vidéo Entretien avec est une collection de brèves entrevues avec des partenaires de recherche du CRDI qui travaillent à créer des villes sûres et inclusives en Afrique, en Asie et en Amérique latine. Elle porte sur trois questions importantes et présente les observations de 15 équipes de ...

  15. Freins et leviers à la diversification des cultures : étude au niveau des exploitations agricoles et des filières

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Meynard Jean-Marc

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available La diversification des cultures est souvent présentée comme un levier d’action pour accroître la durabilité des systèmes de production agricoles. Bien raisonnée, elle favorise en effet une réduction de l’usage d’intrants extérieurs à l’exploitation – pesticides, engrais, eau – et des nuisances environnementales associées à leur utilisation excessive. À l’inverse, la simplification des systèmes de culture engagée depuis plus de 40 ans s’est accompagnée d’un recours croissant aux intrants. Cependant, malgré son intérêt pour les systèmes de production en termes de durabilité écologique mais aussi économique (répartition des risques, et son inscription dans divers plans et dispositifs incitatifs, la diversification des cultures progresse peu. Les ministères en charge de l’agriculture et de l’environnement ont donc commandé à l’INRA une étude visant à identifier les freins à la diversification des cultures en France et les leviers mobilisables, par les pouvoirs publics notamment, pour la favoriser. L’hypothèse de travail est que ces freins relèvent du fonctionnement global du système agro-industriel, et de la capacité de développement de filières valorisant les cultures de diversification. L’étude a examiné un certain nombre de cas représentatifs de la diversité des filières et notamment de leurs modes d’organisation, qui déterminent la coordination et l’engagement des acteurs économiques impliqués dans le développement d’une culture de diversification.

  16. A geração de resíduos sólidos em um processo produtivo de uma indústria automobilística: uma contribuição para a redução

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cíntia Madureira Orth

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available É sabido que a produção de resíduos industriais constitui uma das principais formas de degradação do meio ambiente. As indústrias têm empreendido um esforço crescente para tornarem seus processos produtivos menos agressivos, especialmente no que se refere à geração e gestão de resíduos sólidos. O objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em estudar a geração de resíduos sólidos no processo produtivo de uma indústria automobilística, visando a apresentação de ações de redução. O estudo se deu por meio de observações in loco, registros fotográficos e cálculos da quantidade de resíduos sólidos gerados no processo de Moldagem e Acabamento em Plástico Reforçado com Fibra de Vidro. Constatou-se que a moldagem do tipo aberta, adotada pela fábrica, representa a principal fonte de geração de resíduos. Outra fonte refere-se ao desperdício de materiais, atribuído à falta de capacitação e de Educação Ambiental. Concluiu-se que a migração para um processo mais limpo e a adoção de um Programa de Educação Ambiental devem ser consideradas pela unidade fabril estudada.

  17. Disposição em aterros controlados de resíduos sólidos industriais não-inertes: avaliação dos componentes tóxicos e implicações para o ambiente e para a saúde humana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sisinno Cristina L. S.

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Para que um resíduo sólido seja disposto adequadamente, é necessário classificá-lo segundo as Normas Técnicas Brasileiras, cuja principal é a NBR 10.004. Resíduos sólidos industriais não-inertes normalmente têm sido encaminhados para disposição final em aterros controlados, que em sua maioria não operam de forma eficiente, além de estarem geralmente localizados próximos a núcleos populacionais e ecossistemas importantes. A fim de avaliar a toxicidade potencial dos resíduos produzidos em indústrias de diferentes segmentos, 21 amostras foram analisadas de acordo com as orientações descritas na NBR 10.004. Das amostras estudadas, 18 foram classificadas como resíduos não-inertes. Os principais parâmetros que contribuíram para a classificação das amostras em resíduos não-inertes foram: alumínio, ferro, manganês, fenol e surfactantes. Destes, o alumínio, o manganês e o fenol são as substâncias de maior interesse toxicológico para a saúde humana e ambiental, uma vez que podem alterar a qualidade das águas subterrâneas localizadas nas áreas de disposição de resíduos.

  18. Electronic structures of ReS sub 2 , ReSe sub 2 and TcS sub 2 in the real and the hypothetical undistorted structures

    CERN Document Server

    Fang, C M; Haas, C; Groot, R A D

    1997-01-01

    The transition-metal dichalcogenides ReX sub 2 (X = S or Se) and TcS sub 2 with a d sup 3 electron configuration have distorted CdCl sub 2 and Cd(OH) sub 2 structures, respectively, with the Re(Tc) atoms in each layer forming parallelogram-shaped connected clusters (diamond chain). Ab-initio band-structure calculations were performed for ReX sub 2 and TcS sub 2 , and the hypothetical undistorted 1T-TcS sub 2 and 3R-ReX sub 2 structures. The calculations show that ReS sub 2 , ReSe sub 2 and TcS sub 2 are semiconductors with energy gaps of about 1.0 eV, 0.5 eV and 0.7 eV, respectively, while for the undistorted structures the Fermi level is in the partly filled band of d sub x sub sup 2 sub - sub y sub sup 2 and d sub x sub y orbitals of the t sub 2 sub g manifold. X-ray photoemission spectra for the core levels and valence band of ReSe sub 2 and ReS sub 2 are presented. The valence x-ray photoemission spectra showed that ReS sub 2 is a p-type semiconductor with an energy gap of about 1.5 eV, while ReSe sub 2 i...

  19. Glomerular barrier behaves as an atomically precise bandpass filter in a sub-nanometre regime

    Science.gov (United States)

    Du, Bujie; Jiang, Xingya; Das, Anindita; Zhou, Qinhan; Yu, Mengxiao; Jin, Rongchao; Zheng, Jie

    2017-11-01

    The glomerular filtration barrier is known as a 'size cutoff' slit, which retains nanoparticles or proteins larger than 6-8 nm in the body and rapidly excretes smaller ones through the kidneys. However, in the sub-nanometre size regime, we have found that this barrier behaves as an atomically precise 'bandpass' filter to significantly slow down renal clearance of few-atom gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) with the same surface ligands but different sizes (Au18, Au15 and Au10-11). Compared to Au25 (∼1.0 nm), just few-atom decreases in size result in four- to ninefold reductions in renal clearance efficiency in the early elimination stage, because the smaller AuNCs are more readily trapped by the glomerular glycocalyx than larger ones. This unique in vivo nano-bio interaction in the sub-nanometre regime also slows down the extravasation of sub-nanometre AuNCs from normal blood vessels and enhances their passive targeting to cancerous tissues through an enhanced permeability and retention effect. This discovery highlights the size precision in the body's response to nanoparticles and opens a new pathway to develop nanomedicines for many diseases associated with glycocalyx dysfunction.

  20. Dopamine Modulates Delta-Gamma Phase-Amplitude Coupling in the Prefrontal Cortex of Behaving Rats

    Science.gov (United States)

    Andino-Pavlovsky, Victoria; Souza, Annie C.; Scheffer-Teixeira, Robson; Tort, Adriano B. L.; Etchenique, Roberto; Ribeiro, Sidarta

    2017-01-01

    Dopamine release and phase-amplitude cross-frequency coupling (CFC) have independently been implicated in prefrontal cortex (PFC) functioning. To causally investigate whether dopamine release affects phase-amplitude comodulation between different frequencies in local field potentials (LFP) recorded from the medial PFC (mPFC) of behaving rats, we used RuBiDopa, a light-sensitive caged compound that releases the neurotransmitter dopamine when irradiated with visible light. LFP power did not change in any frequency band after the application of light-uncaged dopamine, but significantly strengthened phase-amplitude comodulation between delta and gamma oscillations. Saline did not exert significant changes, while injections of dopamine and RuBiDopa produced a slow increase in comodulation for several minutes after the injection. The results show that dopamine release in the medial PFC shifts phase-amplitude comodulation from theta-gamma to delta-gamma. Although being preliminary results due to the limitation of the low number of animals present in this study, our findings suggest that dopamine-mediated modification of the frequencies involved in comodulation could be a mechanism by which this neurotransmitter regulates functioning in mPFC. PMID:28536507

  1. Resíduos biológicos nos Institutos de Medicina Legal de Goiás: implicações para os trabalhadores

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Izildinha Pedreira Barros

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available Os objetivos deste estudo foram identificar o manejo dos resíduos biológicos nos Institutos de Medicina legal, segundo as diferentes etapas previstas na legislação nacional vigente; verificar a situação de risco biológico ocupacional para os trabalhadores dos Institutos de Medicina Legal (IML do Estado de Goiás A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de observação direta, entrevista e questionário com os trabalhadores. Apesar desses serviços gerarem resíduos semelhantes ao de qualquer instituição de saúde, estes não são segregados, acondicionados e dispostos conforme as normas legais vigentes. O manejo de perfurocortantes foi o principal risco para o trabalhador, gerando exposição percutânea. Embora, haja uma consciência, entre os trabalhadores, acerca do risco biológico envolvido em suas atividades, há baixa adesão às medidas de proteção. A maioria não usa os equipamentos de proteção individual recomendados, e não têm esquema completo para as vacinas contra o vírus da hepatite B e contra o tétano. Os resultados mostram a ausência de uma política voltada para o gerenciamento dos resíduos biológicos nos IML, a vulnerabilidade dos profissionais quanto aos riscos com material biológico e a premente necessidade de educação permanente em relação às medidas de biossegurança.

  2. Resíduos biológicos nos institutos de medicina legal de Goiás: implicações para os trabalhadores

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Izildinha Pedreira Barros

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available Os objetivos deste estudo foram identificar o manejo dos resíduos biológicos nos Institutos de Medicina legal, segundo as diferentes etapas previstas na legislação nacional vigente; verificar a situação de risco biológico ocupacional para os trabalhadores dos Institutos de Medicina Legal (IML do Estado de Goiás A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de observação direta, entrevista e questionário com os trabalhadores. Apesar desses serviços gerarem resíduos semelhantes ao de qualquer instituição de saúde, estes não são segregados, acondicionados e dispostos conforme as normas legais vigentes. O manejo de perfurocortantes foi o principal risco para o trabalhador, gerando exposição percutânea. Embora, haja uma consciência, entre os trabalhadores, acerca do risco biológico envolvido em suas atividades, há baixa adesão às medidas de proteção. A maioria não usa os equipamentos de proteção individual recomendados, e não têm esquema completo para as vacinas contra o vírus da hepatite B e contra o tétano. Os resultados mostram a ausência de uma política voltada para o gerenciamento dos resíduos biológicos nos IML, a vulnerabilidade dos profissionais quanto aos riscos com material biológico e a premente necessidade de educação permanente em relação às medidas de biossegurança.

  3. Typologie et dynamique forestières: Un exemple en Barousse (Hautes Pyrénées

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mazars, Jacqueline

    1996-12-01

    Full Text Available An ecological analysis of the Pyrenean beech groves (Barousse points to hydric conditions as the main factor determining different ecological units on a same geological substratum. This approach, completed by the historical research that brings to light the manmade actions in the fir elimination of this area, can in part generate the knowledge of the real potential forestry (Fir-Beech, Fir. The structural analysis of stands, disturbed in the past by overexploitation, indicates that the upper stratum has closed, and that, often through pioneer phases, these woods have extended their area.

    [fr] L'analyse phytoécologique de hêtraies des Pyrénées Centrales (Barousse montre que ce sont surtout les variations des conditions hydriques qui déterminent, sur un même substrat colluvial, les différentes unités stationnelles observées. Cette approche, complétée par des études historiques 'mettant en lumière le déterminisme anthropique de la disparition presque totale du Sapin de cette région, permet, en partie, de connaître les potentialités forestières réelles (hêtraiesapinière, sapinière. L'analyse structurale des peuplements, anciennement ouverts par surexploitation, indique une fermeture généralisée du couvert et une dynamique d'extension de ces formations souvent par l'intermédiaire de phases pionnières.

  4. O Papel da Universidade na Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos: O Caso da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raphael Tobias de Vasconcelos Barros

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Este século trouxe muitas demandas novas para a gestão dos resíduos sólidos no Brasil. Concernente a alguns geradores específicos (como, por exemplo, serviços de saúde e empresas indus- triais, as leis são muito mais rígidas e existe uma pressão forte para reciclagem de resíduos domésticos - embora seu cumprimento possa levar muito tempo. As universidades desempenham um papel fundamental na sociedade: ao mesmo tempo criam e difundem o conhecimento, e devem ser uma referência em termos de atitudes, formando alunos, quer como profissionais, quer como cidadãos. Este estudo procura relacionar o que acontece na Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, e na cidade de Belo Horizonte em termos de gestão dos resíduos sólidos. O ensaio considerou exigências externas (leis federais, estadu- ais e locais, as ações gestão ambiental e urbana da cidade, do judiciário - na figura dos promotores públicos - e da sociedade e disposições internas (administração da universidade e comunidade acadêmica, tentando estabelecer elos entre a cidade e a Universidade. A premissa é que os membros da comunidade acadêmica tendem a se comportar do mesmo modo que o cidadão comum, não exercendo o poder de difusor de conhecimentos transformadores da sociedade.

  5. Análise experimental de blocos intertravados de concreto com adição de resíduos do processo de recauchutagem de pneus - doi: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v32i3.6013

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cesar Fabiano Fioriti

    2010-11-01

    Full Text Available Com o aumento da população nos últimos anos, a indústria de modo geral tem se adequado à demanda resultante. A indústria do processo de recauchutagem de pneus gera resíduos que em sua maioria têm sido descartados sem nenhum controle. Este fato contribui para aumentar a poluição ambiental e favorecer a proliferação de vetores nocivos à saúde. Visando encontrar uma aplicação para esse tipo de resíduo, neste trabalho serão apresentados resultados experimentais de blocos intertravados para pavimentos de concreto, com traços adicionados de resíduos de pneus. Foram confeccionados blocos intertravados em que se determinou, por meio de ensaios laboratoriais, a necessidade de se fixar o traço que desse maior retorno quanto às características analisadas. Verificaram-se quatro tipos de traços de concreto com resíduos de pneus. Procedeu-se aos ensaios de resistência mecânica à compressão, absorção de água e resistência ao impacto. Pelos resultados preliminares obtidos, verificou-se que são satisfatórios, confirmando-se a possibilidade de aplicação desse tipo de bloco intertravado em ambientes com solicitações baixas, o que traria, além da economia das fontes naturais de agregados, benefícios ecológicos pela reutilização dos resíduos da recauchutagem de pneus.

  6. Evaluation the total exposure of soil sample in Adaya site and the obtain risk assessments for the worker by Res Rad code program

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mahadi, A. M.; Khadim, A. A. N.; Ibrahim, Z. H.; Ali, S. A.

    2012-12-01

    The present study aims to evaluation the total exposure to the worker in Adaya site risk assessment by using Res Rad code program. The study including 5 areas soil sample calculate in the site and analysis it by High Pure Germaniums (Hg) system made (CANBERRA) company. The soil sample simulation by (Res Rad) code program by inter the radioactive isotope concentration and the specification of the contamination zone area, depth and the cover depth of it. The total exposure of same sample was about 9 mSv/year and the (Heast 2001 Morbidity, FGR13 Morbidity) about 2.045 state every 100 worker in the year. There are simple different between Heast 2001 Morbidity and FGR13 Morbidity according to the Dose Conversion Factor (DCF) use it. The (FGR13 Morbidity) about 2.041 state every 100 worker in the year. (Author)

  7. Antibiotic residues in Brazilian UHT milk: a screening study Resíduos de antibióticos em leite UHT

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gilberto Poggio Fonseca

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this research was to carry out a screening study to check the incidence of antimicrobial residues in Brazilian UHT milk according to rapid yoghurt method. Of the 100 (100% samples analysed, 96 (96% showed no traces of antibiotic residues while 4 (4% indicated probable presence of antibiotic residues. The results suggest that the Brazilian Sanitary Surveillance Agency should apply continuous monitoring programs in order to obtain a safe product offering no health risks to consumers.O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar um estudo preliminar para verificar a presença de resíduos de antibióticos em leite UHT disponíveis no mercado brasileiro, utilizando o método rápido do iogurte. Das 100 (100% amostras analisadas, 96 (96% indicaram negativas, sugerindo ausência de resíduos de antibióticos, enquanto 4 (4% mostraram-se positivas. Os resultados sugerem a necessidade de contínuo monitoramento deste parâmetro por parte da Vigilância Sanitária com o objetivo de oferecer um produto seguro, sem riscos para saúde do consumidor.

  8. Frontières administratives et identités communales. Le cas de la France, XVIII-XXe siècles

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claude Motte

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Parmi les différentes déclinaisons du terme "frontière" (naturelle, politique, administrative, identitaire, existe-t-il une combinaison d'entre elles qui résisterait le plus farouchement à l'épreuve du temps? Le cas de la France qui, au sein de l'Europe, connaît une exception administrative particulière, est intéressant à observer. Ses nombreuses frontières intérieures ont repoussé avec obstination toute tentative de réduction de leur nombre. Sans doute parce que, laissée à l'initiative des populations locales et respectée par les successifs gouvernements, la définition des territoires s'est appuyée sur la reconnaissance des identités communales construites au cours des siècles par le quotidien des habitants. La correspondance cartographique établie entre le tissu paroissial du XVIIIe siècle en France, et le maillage communal d'aujourd'hui illustre, en dépit des quelques variations observées, la remarquable stabilité de ses frontières administratives.

  9. Aspects récents de la thermodynamique des solutions de polymères Recent Aspects of the Thermodynamics of Polymer Solutions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dayantis J.

    2006-11-01

    Full Text Available On examine dans cet article différentes approches de la thermodynamique des solutions de polymères placées dans leur contexte historique. On rappelle d'abord le modèle du réseau de Flory-Huggins et on en souligne les déficiences. On traite ensuite brièvement de la mécanique statistique des solutions de polymères introduite par Prigogine en 1957 et on montre qu'elle constitue un progrès qualitatif par rapport à la théorie du réseau, mais qu'elle ne prévoit cependant pas de manière quantitative les propriétés de ces solutions. On montre ensuite que le concept de volume libre, qui permet un traitement simplifié de certaines quantités, permet également d'expliquer tout naturellement l'existence d'une deuxième température de séparation en phase lorsque l'on élève la température, propriété qui différencie les solutions de polymères des mélanges de liquidés simples. Enfin, dans une dernière partie, on mentionne brièvement les travaux récents de l'École de Paris, qui traite les solutions de polymères par analogie avec les transitions magnétiques. This article examines différent approaches ta the thermodynamics of polymer solutions set in their historical context. First of all, the Flory-Huggins network model is described and ifs deficiencies are pointed out. Then attention is briefly drawn to the statistical mechanics of polymer solutions as introduced by Prigogine in 1957, and this mechanics is shown to be a qualitative advance compared with the network theory, but it nonetheless does not quantitatively predict the properties of such solutions. It is then shown that the concept of free volume, enabling some quantifies to be treated in a simplified way, also serves to provide a quite natural explanation for the existence of a second phase separation temperature when the temperature is raised, i. e. a property that differentiates polymer solutions from simple liquid mixtures. In the final part, brief mention is made

  10. Análise de resíduos químicos como subsídio para implementação de um programa de gerenciamento na Universidade Federal de Lavras

    OpenAIRE

    Lima, Ana Paula Cardoso Kawabe de

    2014-01-01

    Atualmente a preocupação com o meio ambiente, tem despertado interesse no futuro do planeta Terra. A grande quantidade de resíduos sólidos gerados, rios poluídos, comprometimento da fauna e da flora fizeram o homem perceber a necessidade de novas tecnologias para minimizar ou reverter os impactos ambientais causados até o momento. Com o presente trabalho visou-se fazer o levantamento da questão da gestão de resíduos, abrangendo todos os departamentos da Universidade Federal de Lavras. Com o i...

  11. Uma contribuição ao estudo da adição de resíduos de poliuretano expandido na confecção de blocos de concreto leve

    OpenAIRE

    Siqueira, Ligia Vieira Maia

    2006-01-01

    Atualmente, a produção de resíduos em quantidades cada vez maiores tem exigido soluções mais eficazes e investimentos mais elevados por parte de seus geradores e da sociedade de uma forma geral. Além do controle e a minimização das fontes de poluição e do encaminhamento correto dos resíduos gerados, a responsabilidade social inerente ao setor industrial, faz com que as empresas promovam o desenvolvimento sustentável, remodelando seu processo produtivo. O desenvolvimento de novos materiais pod...

  12. RES hyperphagocytosis by rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cornell, R P

    1981-03-01

    In contrast to previous studies of neutrophils from diabetic animals and humans in vitro and of macrophages from diabetic humans in vivo, which reported phagocytic depression, reticuloendothelial system (RES) hyperphagocytosis of colloidal carbon was observed in rats at 14 and 28 days after diabetes induction with streptozotocin (STZ). Carbon clearance half times were significantly enhanced to 6.3 +/- 0.79 and 8.1 +/- 1.04 min at 14 and 28 days post-STZ, respectively, compared with the nondiabetic value (12.7 +/- 0.98 min). The severity of uncontrolled STZ-induced diabetes in rats was confirmed by significant hypoinsulinemia, hyperglucagonemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. Although body weights of STZ-diabetic animals declined progressively, liver weights as a percent of body weight increased above the control value at 14 and 28 days post-STZ. In fact, expression of carbon phagocytosis as the corrected phagocytic index, which accounts for changes in liver and spleen weights relative to body weight, eliminated the significant difference between STZ-diabetic and nondiabetic animals. Antibiotic treatment of diabetic rats failed to alter the hyperphagocytosis, implying that a chronic bacterial infection was not the cause of phagocytic stimulation. Daily insulin replacements, but not a single large insulin dose to 14-day post-STZ rats, reversed the enhanced phagocytosis of colloidal carbon.

  13. Trojan Horses and Friendly Faces: Irish Gaelic Typography as Propaganda Comment former les caractères : la typographie gaélique comme instrument de propagande

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mathew D. Staunton

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available Dans son livre Cinq cents ans d’imprimerie, l’historien S. H. Steinberg plaide pour l’élimination des caractères non-latin et cite le gaélique d’Irlande comme l’exemple même d’une typographie devenue désuète. Si cette critique peut être considérée comme malveillante par certains commentateurs, elle n’en fournit pas moins un cadre utile à une étude des caractères typographiques gaéliques et de leur signification.Comme Steinberg, nous pouvons envisager la typographie gaélique de trois manières.Premièrement, loin d’avoir été développées en Irlande, les fontes gaéliques furent d’abord conçues et fabriquées en Angleterre. Des formes plus tardives apparurent en Belgique, France, Italie, Australie et aux Etats-Unis. Ont-elles une identité essentiellement irlandaise ?Deuxièmement, la création de ces fontes découla, à l’origine, de la politique religieuse d’Elizabeth Ière. Elles devinrent plus tard un instrument de la Contre-réforme et plus tard encore du nationalisme irlandais. En dehors de son utilisation à des fins de propagande, la typographie gaélique a-t-elle jamais véritablement existé ?Enfin, les inventeurs des caractères typographiques gaéliques se sont toujours montrés hostiles à toute évolution susceptible de parvenir à une plus grande lisibilité. La forme de chaque caractère répond davantage à un critère d’authenticité visuelle qu’à une quelconque notion d’efficacité.  Comment l’irlandité est-elle ainsi véhiculée par la typographie ?

  14. Contribuições para a evolução do gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos urbanos no Brasil com base na experiência Européia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Camille Ferreira Mannarino

    Full Text Available RESUMO: Esse trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar dados relevantes sobre o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU na Europa de forma a se estabelecer paralelos e subsidiar a discussão no Brasil. É apresentada uma contextualização da situação atual da gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos no Brasil, onde os efeitos da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos já se fazem sentir, sobretudo com o aumento da disposição final de RSU em aterros sanitários, predominantemente nas regiões metropolitanas. A reciclagem no país, em grande parte, ainda baseia-se na coleta informal por catadores ou na ação de organizações privadas. Na Europa, a partir da Diretiva 1999/31/EC, que estabeleceu metas para a disposição de resíduos em aterros sanitários, e da Diretiva 94/62/EC, sobre recolhimento de embalagens, a gestão de RSU se alterou profundamente. São apresentados dados das tecnologias predominantes de tratamento e disposição final de RSU e alguns mecanismos para implementação da mudança de cenário na Europa. O exemplo suíço é detalhado, mostrando como a cobrança de tarifas impulsiona as ações da população. É preciso reconhecer que o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos urbanos RSU tem que ser planejado da coleta até o destino final, utilizando e integrando diferentes tecnologias de tratamento, de acordo com as características locais. É relevante para o Brasil a avaliação criteriosa das soluções disponíveis, do ponto de vista técnico e operacional, considerando fortemente a sua aplicabilidade local.

  15. Head-mounted LED for optogenetic experiments of freely-behaving animal

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kwon, Ki Yong; Gnade, Andrew G.; Rush, Alexander D.; Patten, Craig D.

    2016-03-01

    Recent developments in optogenetics have demonstrated the ability to target specific types of neurons with sub-millisecond temporal precision via direct optical stimulation of genetically modified neurons in the brain. In most applications, the beam of a laser is coupled to an optical fiber, which guides and delivers the optical power to the region of interest. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are an alternative light source for optogenetics and they provide many advantages over a laser based system including cost, size, illumination stability, and fast modulation. Their compact size and low power consumption make LEDs suitable light sources for a wireless optogenetic stimulation system. However, the coupling efficiency of an LED's output light into an optical fiber is lower than a laser due to its noncollimated output light. In typical chronic optogenetic experiment, the output of the light source is transmitted to the brain through a patch cable and a fiber stub implant, and this configuration requires two fiber-to-fiber couplings. Attenuation within the patch cable is potential source of optical power loss. In this study, we report and characterize a recently developed light delivery method for freely-behaving animal experiments. We have developed a head-mounted light source that maximizes the coupling efficiency of an LED light source by eliminating the need for a fiber optic cable. This miniaturized LED is designed to couple directly to the fiber stub implant. Depending on the desired optical power output, the head-mounted LED can be controlled by either a tethered (high power) or battery-powered wireless (moderate power) controller. In the tethered system, the LED is controlled through 40 gauge micro coaxial cable which is thinner, more flexible, and more durable than a fiber optic cable. The battery-powered wireless system uses either infrared or radio frequency transmission to achieve real-time control. Optical, electrical, mechanical, and thermal

  16. Draft Tube Baffle (DTB) crystallizers: A study of stationary and dynamically behaving Crystal Size Distributions (CSD)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Deleer, B. G. M.

    1981-11-01

    Based on population balance, CSD behavior as a function of geometrical and operating variables was studied, using a crystallizer. A potash alum-water system, involving a separation technique which uses surface active agents and an apolar, organic liquid to separate potash alum crystals from mother liquid under the influence of gravity was used to check experimental findings against literature data. Results show action of annular settling spaces is strongly influenced by fluid velocities perpendicular to those directed upwards. The well-mixed volume decreases with increasing crystallizer size until a minimum effective volume is reached. As supersaturation is constant throughout the crystallizer volume under stationary operating conditions, the annular settling space behaves like a growth chamber for crystals in its volume. Swirl in the lower part of the annular volume introduces significant back mixing. Crystals within this space either grow and return to the well-mixed part, or withdraw from the annular volume permanently.

  17. Armastuse Armee süütab täna Snelli tiigi ääres südame / Askur Alas

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Alas, Askur, 1973-

    2005-01-01

    Valgusfestivali üritustest Tallinnas. 14. jaanuaril Shnelli tiigi ääres toimuval tuleskulptuuride võistlusel osaleva Rootsi võistkonna Armastuse Armee tuleetendusest räägivad võistkonna juht skulptor Gunnar Carl Nilsson ja maalikunstnik Ola Öhlin. Veebruari algul vanalinna kohale kerkiva valguskupli idee autorid on hollandlased Winy Maas ja Rogier van der Heide. 25. jaanuaril seatakse üles büroo Kavakava installatsioon "Tallinna talje"

  18. Enriquecimento proteico do resíduo de abacaxi mediante fermentação semissólida

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriela Muricy de Souza Silva

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available A fermentação em estado semissólido executa um papel importante no aproveitamento de resíduos sólidos, devido à síntese de diferentes compostos, cujo grande interesse seja voltado para segmentos industriais. Objetivou-se estudar o processo de fermentação semissólida do resíduo de abacaxi, utilizando a levedura Saccharomyces cerevisiae, com 10% de inoculo e avaliando o efeito da concentração inicial da levedura, assim como o tempo de fermentação sobre o teor proteico. O processo foi acondicionado em estufa de circulação de ar forçada a 55 °C, durante 48 horas, sendo feita pesagens nos intervalos de 0, 14, 18, 24, 38, 42 e 48 h e realizadas analises físico-químicas e granulométrica. Mediante os resultados, observou-se uma diminuição da umidade com o passar do tempo chegando a atingir 0,91% ao final do estudo, já o teor proteico, aumentou consideravelmente, com proteína bruta de 14% para 20,56%, após 48 h, o teor de sólidos solúveis totais apresentou um declínio possivelmente devido o consumo de carboidratos pela levedura. Foi realizada a análise granulométrica do resíduo, onde se observou que cerca de 80% das partículas apresentaram diâmetro maior que 2,4 milímetros. Através da fermentação semissólida dos resíduos de abacaxi foi possível elevar o teor proteico e aumentar a concentração de nutrientes, transformando um rejeito em um possível produto para destino humano ou animal com alto valor agregado.Protein enrichment of pineapple residue by semisolid fermentationAbstract: The fermentation in state semissólido executes an important paper in the use of solid residues, due to the synthesis of different compounds, which great interest is turned for industrial segments. The objective of this work studied the process of fermentation semissólida of the pineapple residues, using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with 10 % of inoculo and value the effect of the initial concentration of the yeast, as well

  19. Hábitos da população no manejo de resíduos sólidos domiciliares: estudo de caso em Juazeiro do Norte – CE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anny Kariny Feitosa

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo é analisar os hábitos da população no manuseio e destinação final dos resíduos sólidos domiciliares na cidade de Juazeiro do Norte, estado do Ceará. Para tanto, realizou-se entrevista em 53 domicílios, distribuídos em seis bairros classificados nos estratos socioeconômicos A, B1, B2, C1, C2 e D. Como resultados, destacam-se: 62,26% dos entrevistados destinam resíduos orgânicos para a coleta convencional do município; 81,13% destinam os materiais plásticos para a coleta convencional, 15,09% doam para catadores de rua; sobre o óleo de cozinha, 24,53% destinam à coleta convencional, 30,19% derramam no ralo da pia e 20,76% destinam para a produção de sabão; sobre pilhas e baterias, 84,91% descartam na coleta convencional, 1,89% queima ou enterra e 5,66% entregam em estabelecimentos cadastrados para a logística reversa. É necessário investir em campanhas educativas sobre o descarte adequado de resíduos sólidos no município, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento sustentável da região.

  20. Estudo da durabilidade de argamassas alternativas contendo resíduos Durability study of alternative mortars containing wastes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. Farias Filho

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available O interesse pela preservação dos recursos naturais e a busca pelo desenvolvimento sustentável tem despertado interesse de um grande número de pesquisadores visando obter materiais de construção não convencionais. Dentre essas possibilidades, destacam-se os resíduos produzidos pela construção civil e pela indústria de beneficiamento de granito, em virtude do volume gerado e os impactos ambientais do seu descarte inadequado. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a durabilidade das argamassas alternativas incorporadas com resíduos de construção civil e da serragem do granito. Para quantificar a durabilidade dos materiais estudados, foram realizados ensaios de envelhecimento natural e ensaios de envelhecimento acelerado através de ciclos de molhagem e secagem, visando simular condições de utilização e avaliar sua degradação. Nos estudos da durabilidade foram utilizados traços de argamassas para alvenaria de elevação, com percentagens de substituição, em peso, da cal por resíduo de 30% e 50%. Os resultados para o envelhecimento natural evidenciaram o comprometimento da durabilidade do material após 60 dias com redução no comportamento mecânico, sendo os melhores resultados para os corpos-de-prova com 30% e 50% de resíduo de construção. No envelhecimento acelerado, para os tratamentos adotados, os resultados evidenciaram a ação da formação de silicoaluminatos de cálcio e potássio que favoreceram um aumento do comportamento mecânico e, além disso, não foi observado o comprometimento da sua durabilidade.The preservation of natural resources and search for sustainable development are increase in interest by the researchers with the aim to obtain knowledge of non conventional materials. Among these possibilities stand out the recycling of residues from civil construction and from granite industry, which are producers of large amount of residues and causing great environmental impacts. The aim of this work is to