Clasificación del Contenido de los Informes de Sostenibilidad de Empresas Premiadas por sus Prácticas de Responsabilidad Socioambiental

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Magdalena Inglês da Costa; Luciana Silva Torres; Alessandra Carvalho de Vasconcelos; Márcia Martins Mendes De Luca

2013-01-01

Dada la importancia del informe de sostenibilidad – instrumento de gestión y de divulgación de informaciones acerca de la interacción de la empresa con el medio en que actúa –, el presente estudio tiene por objetivo analizar el contenido de la divulgación de informaciones acerca de las dimensiones de la sostenibilidad empresarial – económica, social y ambiental – en los informes de empresas premiadas por sus prácticas de responsabilidad socioambiental. Se trata de estudio descriptivo, ...

Dinâmicas de urbanização na hiperperiferia da metrópole de São Paulo: análise dos processos de expansão urbana e das situações de vulnerabilidade socioambiental em escala intraurbana

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Humberto Prates da Fonseca Alves

2010-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do trabalho é fazer uma análise, em escala intraurbana, das inter-relações entre os processos de expansão urbana e as situações de vulnerabilidade socioambiental, em uma região hiperperiférica da metrópole de São Paulo, no período recente (2000 a 2006. A referida região abrange o distrito de Cidade Tiradentes e seu entorno, no extremo leste do município de São Paulo. A metodologia geral do estudo envolve o mapeamento do uso do solo e das áreas de expansão urbana, por meio de imagens de satélite, bem como identificação e caracterização de situações (áreas de vulnerabilidade socioambiental, pela construção e análise de indicadores socioambientais ao nível dos setores censitários do Censo 2000 do IBGE, integrando dados socioeconômicos, demográficos e ambientais. Os resultados revelam uma expressiva associação entre os processos de expansão urbana e crescimento de assentamentos precários e as situações de vulnerabilidade socioambiental, na região hiperperiférica de Cidade Tiradentes e entorno. Além disso, observa-se existência de grandes sobreposições entre vulnerabilidades sociais e ambientais, com forte concentração de problemas e riscos sociais e ambientais em determinadas áreas, como é o caso dos setores censitários de alta vulnerabilidade socioambiental da região de Cidade Tiradentes e entorno. Estas áreas apresentam altos níveis de irregularidade no uso do solo, com forte presença de assentamentos precários como favelas e loteamentos irregulares, além de condições socioeconômicas extremamente desfavoráveis, com baixíssimos níveis de renda, escolaridade e saneamento.

Análise da Maturidade da Gestão Socioambiental Praticada pelo Grupo DUTOVIA RLAM do Pólo Camaçari – Aratu: suas contribuições e desafios

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Priscylla Lins Leal

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Esse trabalho busca melhor compreender a gestão socioambiental praticada pelas organizações, suas contribuições e desafios. O Grupo de Gestão Compartilhada da DUTOVIA RLAM do Pólo Camaçari – Aratu foi formado com o propósito de promover a integração entre as empresas proprietárias dos dutos que constituem a DUTOVIA no gerenciamento de suas ações socioambientais. Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar a gestão socioambiental praticada pelo referido Grupo, identificando o estágio de maturidade desta gestão, as contribuições para as suas partes interessadas, suas fragilidades e possibilidades, visando contribuir para o seu aprimoramento. Para atingir esse objetivo foi realizada uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, aplicada, descritiva e exploratória. A revisão de literatura permitiu a delimitação do arcabouço teórico- conceitual sobre a gestão socioambiental e a elaboração de um modelo propositivo, o Modelo de Maturidade Socioambiental – MMS, para avaliação da maturidade dessa gestão. Foi utilizada como estratégia de validação a triangulação de dados e das técnicas: analise documental, observação participante e entrevistas. As entrevistas permitiram compreender a percepção de representantes do grupo DUTOVIA e de suas partes interessadas. Complementarmente e também como estratégia de validação, foi também utilizado o grupo focal. Os resultados desta pesquisa revelam que o grupo DUTOVIA cresceu ao longo dos anos de sua atuação de forma desordenada e com fragilidades na gestão praticada e que a atual formação deste grupo tem buscado melhorias. Com base no modelo proposto, pode-se avaliar que o grupo DUTOVIA encontra-se no estágio de maturidade 2, estando suas ações concentradas no atendimento de requisitos legais, no gerenciamento de riscos conhecidos e no desenvolvimento dos interesses das organizações participantes. Os resultados indicaram, no entanto, que o Grupo percebe sua prática como de

Un modelo de análisis del conflicto socio-ambiental para aprender-investigar

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Rodrigo Martínez Novo

2012-04-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo nos aproximamos a una perspectiva teórica de interpretación y análisis de los conflictos socio-ambientales que a su vez sirve como argumento para la propuesta de un modelo de investigación-acción educativa. En primer lugar comentamos algunas de las características del conflicto socio-ambiental desde una postura hermenéutica que busca la comprensión del “campo de sentidos” que orientan la acción en dicho conflicto. En segundo lugar se justifica la utilidad del análisis de conceptos-equívocos (en alusión a los objetos-equívocos de Boltanski y Thévenot, 1991 como el famoso “desarrollo sostenible” para adentrarnos en el campo de sentido, en sus posiciones, en sus lugares comunes y en las controversias que atañen a sus significados más profundos. A partir de esta reflexión, para terminar, se propondrán de forma orientativa y escueta un modelo de actividades educativas-investigativas para la puesta en práctica de esta perspectiva analítica

Deliberação e problematização socioambiental em torno da PCH Aiuruoca: a constituição política da categoria de atingidos

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Hellen Salgado Guicheney e Almeida Castro

2008-01-01

Neste texto, o processo deliberativo é entendido como um entrecruzamento conflituoso de fluxos discursivos originados em diferentes contextos comunicativos. A partir deste entendimento, empreende-se uma investigação empírica acerca de um conflito socioambiental em torno do qual se constitui um ambiente específico de tematização e troca de pontos de vista. Assim, investigamos como os moradores de Aiuruoca, no sul do Estado de Minas Gerais, constroem, negociam e disputam o entendimento do que v...

Conflicto socioambiental y agronegocio: análisis histórico del conflicto en Malvinas Argentinas, Córdoba, Argentina.

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Leandro Carlos Barros

2016-12-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo nos proponemos reflexionar sobre las formas de resistencia surgidas debido a los complejos procesos socioeconómicos y políticos vinculados a la expansión de los agronegocios, en el marco de la consolidación de un capitalismo extractivo en  gran parte de los países de América Latina.  Analizaremos en perspectiva sociohistórica el conflicto socioambiental en la localidad de Malvinas Argentinas, provincia de Córdoba, Argentina, en torno a la pretensión de la empresa Monsanto de radicar allí una planta de procesamiento de maíz transgénico. Para esto, pondremos el foco en la organización en asambleas de los actores sociales movilizados contra la instalación, en las acciones desplegadas y en el carácter multiescalar del conflicto.

Política socioambiental e de entorno do BNDES: dos ajustes espaciais aos corretivos territoriais: os casos das UHEs de Santo Antônio e Jirau (RO e da UHE de Belo Monte (PA

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Luis Fernando Novoa Garzon

2015-07-01

Full Text Available O artigo procura apresentar a posição e o discurso paradoxais de um Banco que é ao mesmo tempo viabilizador de macro-ajustes espaciais e propositor de micro-correções territoriais. A política socioambiental e de entorno do BNDES são avaliadas a partir dos casos dos grandes projetos, especificamente o Complexos Hidrelétricos do Madeira e de Belo Monte.

Diagnóstico socioambiental como fundamento para una estrategia de educación ambiental en Colonet, Baja California

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Rosa Hidemi Ortega Armenta

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Colonet, Baja California, es una comunidad rural localizada en una zona árida, donde existe la propuesta de construir un megaproyecto portuario. Ahí se realizó un diagnóstico socioambiental, con el fin de identificar la problemática actual del medio ambiente y posibles soluciones, a través del análisis de la percepción social y las amenazas ambientales. El desabasto de agua se percibe como el problema principal debido a factores sociales y políticos, y las prácticas agrícolas se identificaron como la amenaza ambiental primordial. Estos resultados demuestran la necesidad de mejorar la organización comunitaria, con base en mayor y mejor información. Se identificaron las soluciones y se diseñaron cuatro escenarios. Aquí se propone una estrategia de educación ambiental, que fomente la organización y participación informada en la comunidad, para lograr la tecnificación agrícola orgánica y la gestión integrada de recursos hídricos.

Medio socioambiental y ecoturismo en la Reserva de la Biosfera de Los Tuxtlas (Veracruz, México: una posible nueva alternativa al desarrollo

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Jesús Moreno Arriba

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Desde un enfoque de trabajo transdisciplinar que conjuga métodos y técnicas característicos de la investigación geográfica y antropológica (geoantropología, en este artículo se ha constatado, documentado y analizado un proyecto no gubernamental de prácticas socioespaciales alternativas para la gestión de recursos ecoturísticos en la región de Los Tuxtlas y la Sierra de Santa Marta (Veracruz, México. Frente al modelo de desarrollo productivista y paternalista de las políticas públicas mexicanas y veracruzanas -que ha originado un grave deterioro del medio socioambiental-, estas experiencias, emanadas del ambientalismo social mexicano, se presentan como ejemplos de buenas prácticas para construir un nuevo modelo de desarrollo capaz de contribuir al mejoramiento de la precaria situación actual -ecológica, demográfica y socioeconómica- de las comunidades indígenas campesinas.

ESTUDIO DE LAS CONDICIONES DE CALIDAD DE VIDA EN LOS ESPACIOS URBANOS Y PERIURBANOS DEL SUR DE LA CIUDAD DE MAR DEL PLATA (ARGENTINA A PARTIR DE LA ELABORACIÓN Y ANÁLISIS ESPACIAL DE UN ÍNDICE SINTÉTICO SOCIOAMBIENTAL

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Laura Zulaica

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Las ciudades, entendidas como una forma particular de relación sociedad-naturaleza, refl ejan problemas socioambientales que influyen diferencialmente en la calidad de vida de la población urbana y periurbana. El presente estudio, desarrollado en un sector situado al sur del tejido urbano de Mar del Plata, plantea como objetivo la elaboración de un índice de calidad de vida que incorpora en su concepción aspectos ambientales, denominado Índice de Calidad de Vida Socioambiental (ICVSA. La construcción del ICVSA, que considera los radios censales como unidad de referencia espacial, surge de la integración de indicadores sociales y ambientales, mediante la aplicación de un procedimiento metodológico desarrollado para ese fin. El análisis de los indicadores agrupados en cinco dimensiones (educación, salud, habitacional, pobreza y ambiental, demostró la existencia de una clara diferenciación entre el sector urbano y periurbano, manifestando este último una mayor heterogeneidad espacial y situaciones más críticas de calidad de vida socioambiental. Asimismo, la aplicación de una técnica de correlación espacial geográfi ca permitió profundizar en la distribución territorial del índice. De esta manera, se detectaron zonas, con un alto nivel de detalle, que requieren medidas para afrontar sus problemáticas socioambientales existentes y emergentes.

Análise da sustentabilidade socioambiental de uma empresa do ramo têxtil da cidade de Erechim/RS

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Batista Luis Gollo

2013-04-01

Full Text Available É importante que as empresas adotem, cada vez mais, políticas ambientais como ações estratégicas para a organização, levando em consideração a preservação ambiental e a melhoria na qualidade de vida. Também para o setor produtivo é importante que se compatibilize a busca pelo desenvolvimento econômico com a preservação das condições de vida, pela integração dos sistemas de gestão da qualidade, da gestão ambiental e da gestão da segurança e saúde ocupacional e pelo exercício da responsabilidade social. O objetivo deste artigo é identificar em que estágio de sustentabilidade se encontra a empresa do ramo têxtil da cidade de Erechim/RS, por meio de um diagnóstico socioambiental. O estudo foi realizado em três etapas: contextualização e caracterização da Empresa, apresentação dos fatores da sustentabilidade organizacional e mensuração do grau de sustentabilidade organizacional a partir do Modelo MAIS. Com relação aos resultados a empresa tem tomado consciência de que sua responsabilidade social é passível de obter vantagem competitiva e até valor econômico.

Análise da sustentabilidade socioambiental de uma empresa do ramo têxtil da cidade de Erechim/RS

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Batista Luis Gollo

2013-01-01

Full Text Available É importante que as empresas adotem, cada vez mais, políticas ambientais como ações estratégicas para a organização, levando em consideração a preservação ambiental e a melhoria na qualidade de vida. Também para o setor produtivo é importante que se compatibilize a busca pelo desenvolvimento econômico com a preservação das condições de vida, pela integração dos sistemas de gestão da qualidade, da gestão ambiental e da gestão da segurança e saúde ocupacional e pelo exercício da responsabilidade social. O objetivo deste artigo é identificar em que estágio de sustentabilidade se encontra a empresa do ramo têxtil da cidade de Erechim/RS, por meio de um diagnóstico socioambiental. O estudo foi realizado em três etapas: contextualização e caracterização da Empresa, apresentação dos fatores da sustentabilidade organizacional e mensuração do grau de sustentabilidade organizacional a partir do Modelo MAIS. Com relação aos resultados a empresa tem tomado consciência de que sua responsabilidade social é passível de obter vantagem competitiva e até valor econômico

Vulnerabilidade socioambiental, inundações e repercussões na Saúde em regiões periféricas: o caso de Alagoas, Brasil

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Neison Cabral Ferreira Freire

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a vulnerabilidade socioambiental das populações afetadas por desastres, adotando como estudo de caso as inundações ocorridas no Estado de Alagoas, Brasil, em 2010. Para tanto, foram pesquisadas as bases de dados Scielo e Medline, livros, dissertações e teses. Além disso, foram levantadas e analisadas matérias publicadas na imprensa local e nacional sobre essas inundações. Realizou-se também uma visita à Colônia Prisional Santa Fé, localizada no município de União dos Palmares (AL, onde se encontra abrigada parte da população afetada por inundações. A vulnerabilidade resulta, entre outras coisas, de condições de vida precárias dessa população. Mas, mesmo entre os vulneráveis há alguns grupos que se tornam ainda mais vulneráveis, vivenciando sem possibilidades de mudança uma situação de cronificação do desastre, de perpetuação do ciclo vicioso da pobreza e das precárias condições de vida.

CONSTRUCCIÓN DE SUBJETIVIDADES POLÍTICAS DE NIÑAS, NIÑOS Y JÓVENES, EN EL CONTEXTO DE LA EXPERIENCIA EDUCATIVA CAE, EN LOS ANDES CENTRALES DEL PERÚ:UN REFERENTE DE CONSTITUCIÓN SOCIOCULTURAL, SOCIOAMBIENTAL

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MARCO TULIO PEÑA

2013-07-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo es producto de los desarrollos investigativos y reflexivos de la experiencia educativa “Construcción de subjetividades políticas de niñas, niños y jóvenes quechuahablantes, en el contexto de la experiencia ‘Comunidades Andinas Educativas’ en los Andes centrales del Perú: un referente de educación alternativa”. Desarrollada entre los años 2008-2009 y 2012, con la participación integral de los actores que formaron parte de esta investigación en el distrito de Pucará, provincia de Huancayo, departamento de Junín, Andes centrales del Perú. El trabajo se presentó como tesis de la Maestría en Desarrollo Educativo y Social en el Centro Internacional de Educación y Desarrollo Humano (Cinde y la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional (Bogotá, Colombia, 2013. Desde el contexto de recuperación de la experiencia educativa, se buscó significar conocimientos en torno a la construcción de subjetividades políticas de niñas, niños y jóvenes andinos considerando su universo sociocultural y socioambiental, diverso y particularizado de las comunidades andinas quechuas. La investigación se enmarcó en la modalidad de la sistematización de experiencias educativas mediante el establecimiento de unidades categoriales interpretativas devenidas de los hitos o momentos centrales, referidas a los procesos de formación y constitución de Asociaciones Educativas Infantiles (AEI y de interpretación, para este caso en la formación de habilidades interculturales y de sostenibilidad medioambiental. Dicho trabajo develó aportes significativos relacionados con la educación comunitaria y alternativa en el aporte a los procesos de motivación y construcción de subjetividades Políticas de niñas, niños y jóvenes andinos, desde contexto sociocultural y socioambiental particularizado y diverso del universo y cosmovisión andina.

Educação em Astronomia: investigando aspectos de conscientização socioambiental sobre a poluição luminosa na perspectiva da abordagem temática

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Fabiana Andrade de Oliveira

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa consiste na elaboração de uma sequência didática temática, cujo tema foi a Poluição Luminosa, aplicada em uma turma de Ensino Médio, objetivando investigar os aspectos de tomada de consciência socioambiental que podem ser promovidos acerca deste tema. Seguindo alguns pressupostos da perspectiva da Abordagem Temática Freiriana, que propõe a escolha de um tema que represente um problema para os sujeitos, iniciou-se esta sequência a partir da falta de iluminação pública próxima à escola participante da investigação. Para as análises, utilizamos as atividades desenvolvidas pelos alunos e as observações dos diários do pesquisador. Mediante a metodologia da Análise Textual Discursiva, os resultados revelam que: os alunos desconhecem a poluição luminosa e seus efeitos sob o céu noturno; não possuem uma postura inicial de preocupação com questões ligadas ao meio ambiente; apresentaram, progressivamente, noções acerca da poluição luminosa, apesar de certa resistência com relação às práticas dialógicas do professor.

Percepção Socioambiental dos Moradores sobre a Disposição Inadequada de Resíduos da Construção Civil (RCC de um Bairro em Expansão na cidade de Sobral/CE

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Rennan Liberato Rodrigues

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Diante do cenário de crise ambiental vivenciado pela sociedade, uma das problemáticas mais preocupantes é a questão dos resíduos sólidos e, dentre esses, os que ocupam maior volume são os provenientes da indústria da construção civil. O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a percepção socioambiental dos moradores de um bairro em processo de expansão da cidade de Sobral/CE acerca da questão de resíduos sólidos. Tal estudo foi realizado por meio da aplicação de um questionário a fim de mensurar a consciência da população quanto à problemática. Concluiu-se que o bairro e os construtores carecem de programas de educação ambiental bem como de uma fiscalização mais eficiente.

DIAGNÓSTICO SOCIOAMBIENTAL DE UMA POPULAÇÃO RIBEIRINHA URBANA DO RIO PINDARÉ, ESTADO DO MARANHÃO

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Milena Mária Assunção

2017-07-01

El río Pindaré integra el conjunto de cursos fluviales que desaguan en el Golfão Maranhense, utilizados históricamente por la población, a lo largo de los procesos de ocupación y poblamiento del territorio norte maranhense. En este contexto fue edificada la ciudad de Pindaré-Mirim, ubicada a orillas del río Pindaré, que se utiliza de las aguas del río para usos diversos en que incluyen el sustento, transporte y ocio. Con el crecimiento poblacional, el ambiente fluvial viene sufriendo impactos negativos que interfieren en la calidad ambiental y de vida. En el presente estudio se analiza la percepción de los habitantes en relación a los problemas ambientales y sanitarios en el área urbana ribereña de Pindaré, con base en el diagnóstico socioambiental, buscando identificar tales problemas específicamente en el barrio Beira Rio. Se trata de una investigación exploratoria y descriptiva, con abordaje cuantitativo y cualitativo. Se aplicaron cuestionarios con 103 familias, teniendo como criterio de inclusión morar desde hace más de cinco años en el barrio. Los datos recolectados fueron analizados por medio de estadística descriptiva; Los datos cualitativos, más representativos, se expresaron a través de las palabras de los informantes. Se utilizó una matriz de interrelación hombre y ambiente y registros fotográficos. Los problemas más citados fueron identificados en las palabras de los informantes que apuntaron los impactos negativos relacionados con el alcantarillado a cielo abierto, la acumulación de basura y el río contaminado. De forma similar la matriz de interrelación identificó las modificaciones ambientales y en la calidad de vida del barrio. Se concluye que los impactos ambientales y sanitarios identificados son de responsabilidad de los habitantes y poder público, siendo necesario la planificación integrada de los más diversos sectores y actores sociales para la resolución de los problemas. Palabras clave: Población Ribere

A gestão socioambiental em uma empresa de transporte coletivo urbano no município de Santa Maria-RS / Environmental management in a company of urban collective transport in the city of Santa Maria-RS

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Luiz Antonio Rossi de Freitas

2013-08-01

Full Text Available É notável o compromisso das empresas com posturas socialmente corretas, ambientalmente sustentáveis e economicamente viáveis em suas práticas de gestão. É neste sentido que a responsabilidade socioambiental torna-se uma variável importante na estratégia competitiva das empresas para que estas procurem atingir e demonstrar para a sociedade um desempenho ambiental correto, controlando os impactos no meio ambiente. Assim, no que tange às políticas públicas dos transportes, as empresas privadas, que detêm a concessão dos serviços dos transportes urbanos, precisam adotar medidas que vão além do mero cumprimento legal exigido pelos órgãos reguladores e fiscalizadores, adotando práticas de responsabilidade social e ambiental que minimizem os impactos negativos e melhorem a qualidade dos serviços de transportes prestados. É neste sentido que se torna relevante o estudo das práticas de responsabilidade socioambientais da empresa de transporte em estudo. A crescente valorização das questões ambientais deve estar adequada à legislação, às demandas sociais e alinhada à estratégia da organização. Neste sentido, a presente pesquisa estuda a gestão socioambiental adotada em uma empresa de transporte coletivo urbana na cidade de Santa Maria, RS; especificamente pretende verificar as práticas de gestão em relação às questões ambientais e sociais, bem como o seu alinhamento com a estratégia empresarial. Sendo assim, trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, que se utiliza do estudo de caso por tratar-se de um conhecimento profundo e exaustivo de um único objeto. Assim, o desenvolvimento desse estudo busca a definição de um conjunto de dados que deverão auxiliar o processo de descrição de fases ou totalidade do processo social da empresa MEDIANEIRA TRANSPORTES LTDA. As conclusões limitam-se ao contexto unicamente da empresa, indicando que as estratégias de sustentabilidade estão alinhadas à filosofia de neg

A GESTÃO SOCIO-AMBIENTAL E INOVAÇÃO NO SETOR SUCROALCOOLEIRO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NA PIONEIROS BIOENERGIA S/A

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Tania Nunes da Silva

2012-07-01

Full Text Available A gestão ambiental iniciou-se a partir de 1950. Atualmente, ela representa um papel importante, devido às imposições dos diversos stakeholders, que impulsionam as organizações por práticas que contribuam para a qualidade de vida do ecossistema e o uso racional dos recursos naturais. O setor sucroalcooleiro é caracterizado por uma atividade que usa, de forma intensiva, mão-de-obra e recursos naturais. Exerce influência na geração de divisas para o país, por meio da produção de seus derivados, demandando atenção das entidades públicas e privadas no que tange à esfera socioambiental, devido aos problemas de compactação do solo, perda da biodiversidade; geração de resíduos, queimada da palha da canade- aç��car, aplicação de vinhaça; e na esfera social, desemprego, pela inserção da colheitadeira, baixa qualificação da mão-de-obra e trabalho escravo. Desta forma, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as ações da empresa Pioneiras Bioenergia S/A, sob a ótica da gestão sócio-ambiental. O trabalho é qualitativo, por meio de pesquisa de natureza descrita, realizada por estudo de caso. A coleta de dados ocorreu mediante a observação direta, e realização de entrevistas com sete funcionários da empresa. Os resultados demonstraram que a empresa tem um longo caminho rumo à sustentabilidade, necessitando de investimentos na área ambiental. Porém, está em processo de investimento para implantar a ISO 14001 e AA8000.

Interpretación socioambiental (ISA, herramienta para la gestión del uso público en las áreas protegidas. Estudio de caso: Parque Nacional Marino Las Baulas de Guanacaste, Costa Rica

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Olga García Hernández

2013-11-01

Full Text Available El Parque Nacional Marino Las Baulas de Guanacaste, como muchas otras Áreas Protegidas del todo el mundo, está siendo objeto de una visitación sin precedentes. Ante este escenario, las comunidades aledañas son incorporadas en las iniciativas turísticas de base natural, como parte de la estrategia de aplicación del enfoque ecosistémico. Pero la realidad es mucho más compleja que esta simple fórmula de participación. ¿Están preparadas estas poblaciones para tal labor? ¿Pueden los guías locales despertar cierto interés por la conservación en un Tour? A través de la práctica de la investigación-acción, el tour de anidamiento de la tortuga baula (Demorchelys coriácea fue objeto de análisis de forma participativa con los agentes turísticos. El proceso indagatorio se realizó bajo el prisma de la Interpretación Socioambiental, como herramienta para la gestión del uso público en zonas de especial protección. El estudio reveló su efectividad así como el papel clave que representan las comunidades locales en este tipo de iniciativas.

Interpretación socioambiental (ISA, herramienta para la gestión del uso público en las áreas protegidas. Estudio de caso: Parque Nacional Marino Las Baulas de Guanacaste, Costa Rica

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Olga Lucía Hernández

2013-12-01

Full Text Available El Parque Nacional Marino Las Baulas de Guanacaste, como muchas otras Áreas Protegidas del todo el mundo, está siendo objeto de una visitación sin precedentes. Ante este escenario, las comunidades aledañas son incorporadas en las iniciativas turísticas de base natural, como parte de la estrategia de aplicación del enfoque ecosistémico. Pero la realidad es mucho más compleja que esta simple fórmula de participación. ¿Están preparadas estas poblaciones para tal labor? ¿Pueden los guías locales despertar cierto interés por la conservación en un Tour? A través de la práctica de la investigación-acción, el tour de anidamiento de la tortuga baula (Demorchelys coriácea fue objeto de análisis de forma participativa con los agentes turísticos. El proceso indagatorio se realizó bajo el prisma de la Interpretación Socioambiental, como herramienta para la gestión del uso público en zonas de especial protección. El estudio reveló su efectividad así como el papel clave que representan las comunidades locales en este tipo de iniciativas.

Elefantes de metal, guardianas de la montaña y otros relatos montañeros: Análisis de la configuración de exploración de shale gas y tendido eléctrico de alta tensión como conflictos socioambientales energéticos

OpenAIRE

Bernal Moreno, Helber Mauricio

2017-01-01

Esta investigación analiza la manera como se configura un conflicto socioambiental energético. A partir de la heterogeneidad de actores, lenguajes de valoración y situaciones, se evidencia la manera como se construye la noción de conflicto socioambiental energético y las controversias que se generan a partir de esto. Para tal fin se toma como caso de estudio dos prácticas extractivistas energéticas que se realizan actualmente en el municipio de Guasca (exploración de shale gas y tendido eléct...

Social environmental and economic evaluation diagnosis through application of MADSA (Social and Environmental Evaluation Matrix) customization; Diagnostico de desempenho socioambiental e economico por meio da customizacao da MADSA (Matriz para Avaliacao de Desempenho Socioambiental)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ziliotto, Marco Aurelio B.; Villa, Alessandra T.; Padilha, Simone L. Vieira; Canaverde, Patricia Margue [Instituto ECOPLAN, General Carneiro, PR (Brazil); Sanqueta, Carlos Roberto [Universidade Federal do Parana (UFPR), Curitiba, PR (Brazil)

2004-07-01

The present paper reports a social, environment and economic diagnosis in an oil and energy organization, in the enlargement of its plant. Attending to some previous requirements made by this company, the diagnosis was accomplished making use of an innovative evaluation tool called MADSA{sup R} (Social and Environmental Evaluation Matrix). Through the customization of this tool, it was possible to evaluate, systematically, the performance of the engaged companies hired by the organization to implement its enterprise, based on proposed actions in QSMS - Quality, Safety, Environment and Health. The performance evaluation was supported by the employees', the organization, its clients' and the local community perception. MADSA{sup R} methodology made it possible to measure the accomplished gain through proposed actions. The development of a performance indicator allowed the comparison between achieved results and accomplished investments. It was concluded that MADSA{sup R} provided subsidies to elaborate an action plan to improve the organization achievements, since it was able to represent the strategy of the organization, to guide and standardize actions, to identify and quantify points to be made better of. (author)

Neighborhood socio-environmental vulnerability and infant mortality in Hermosillo, Sonora Vulnerabilidad socioambiental y mortalidad infantil en barrios de Hermosillo, Sonora

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Francisco Lara-Valencia

2012-08-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: This paper explores the impact of contextual variables at the neighborhood level on a health marker in the city of Hermosillo, Mexico and discusses the importance of collaboration between planners and health professional to minimize the negative effect of contextual factors on urban health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Few studies in Mexico have assessed health outcomes at the intra-urban scale and their interaction with neighborhood-level contextual variables. Using spatial analysis and geographical information systems, the paper explores the association between infant mortality and an index of socio-environmental vulnerability used to measure urban contextual factors. RESULTS: Two high infant mortality clusters were detected within neighborhoods characterized by relatively good environmental conditions and one in a neighborhood with a poor environment. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show the clustering of high infant mortality areas and some association with built environment factors in Hermosillo. The results support the need to reconnect public health and urban planning as a way to create healthier environments in Mexican cities.OBJETIVO: Este artículo explora el papel de factores contextuales a nivel de colonia sobre un marcador de salud en la ciudad de Hermosillo, México y discute la importancia de la colaboración entre planificadores urbanos y profesionales de la salud para minimizar el impacto negativo de factores contextuales sobre la salud de la población urbana. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Pocos estudios en México han evaluado las condiciones de salud a escala intra-urbana y su interacción con variables contextuales a nivel de colonia. Utilizando análisis espacial y sistemas de información geográfica, el artículo explora la relación entre mortalidad infantil y un índice de vulnerabilidad socio-ambiental construido para medir factores contextuales urbanos. RESULTADOS: Dos conglomerados de alta mortalidad infantil fueron detectados

Estratégia e Responsabilidade Socioambiental: Uma Análise de Conteúdo em Instituições Financeiras Nacionais e Estrangeiras Instaladas no Brasil

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Etienne Cardoso Abdala

2012-10-01

Full Text Available O papel das organizações frente às questões ambientais e sociais tem despertado interesse e levado a sociedade a exercer pressão a fim de que as empresas assumam uma parcela da responsabilidade. Deste modo o presente estudo tem como finalidade analisar se o desenvolvimento de programas, produtos e projetos socioambientais apresentados pelas organizações pesquisadas estão inseridos de alguma maneira nas estratégias adotadas pelas mesmas. Para tal foram escolhidas como objeto de estudo de análise as instituições financeiras brasileiras que tem o objetivo claro de gerar retornos financeiros e que adotaram recentemente um discurso ambiental e socialmente correto. Dentre os aspectos metodológicos adotados desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica, contendo levantamento de dados da literatura e de produção científica nacional e internacional com relação à evolução da estratégia, ao tema responsabilidade socioambiental e a conjunção destas duas áreas. A pesquisa tem caráter qualitativo e utilizou a técnica de análise de conteúdo onde algumas categorias foram analisadas para interpretação dos dados obtidos no âmbito organizacional. Constatou-se que de maneira geral, as práticas de gestão ambiental e social ainda não são consistentes nas organizações estudadas, independente da origem nacional ou estrangeira da instituição. Ao comparar as corporações brasileiras e a internacional, percebe-se que estas apresentam basicamente os mesmos produtos, programas e atividades relacionadas à sustentabilidade, não revelando nenhum componente inovador ou de diferenciação. As ações desenvolvidas pelas instituições financeiras de modo geral não parecem estar incorporadas como parte da estratégia, e sim como, resultado de um rearranjo das informações em resposta a pressão dos stakeholders.

SOCIOAMBIENTAL EN CATALUNYA

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Mª Àngels Alió

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este articulo es analizar el proceso de reestruturación produtiva del sistema capitalista, discu- tiendo sus distintas dimensiones, concretamente la económica, social, política y técnica. Se trata, por tanto, de explicar como este proceso se à desarrollando em el territorio de Rio Grande do Norte (Brasil, teniendo em cuenta las vuejas y nuevas materialidades que constituyen este proceso de producción del espacio durante las últimas décadas. Al mismo tiempo que lo ayudan a explicar. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, se hace una breve revisión teórica y conceptual acerca de la recolección de datos y la sistematización y ana- lisi de los datos procedentes de fuentes oficiales. Como son las secretarias y los organos gubernamentales -Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável e Meio Ambiente do Rio Grande do Norte, Agência Nacional de Petróleo, Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas- y también algunas instituciones académicas, como es el caso del Observatório das Metrópoles. De todo ello parece desprenderse que los años 1980/90 estuvieron marcados por cambios importantes em el proceso de producción del espacio potiguar, destacando em particular los que estuvieron asociados a los incentivos estatales, em consonancia con acciones e intenciones del capítal privado interessado em el fo- mento de la reeestructuración de las actividades em todo el arco de la estructura económica: las actividades agropeciarias, la pesca, y la carcinicultura, así como el turismo, la extracción minera, la construcción de infrestructuras públicas, la industria textil, el comercio y los servicios.

Desde la educación social a la educación ambiental. Hacía una intervención educativa socioambiental (Education Social to Environmental Education. Towards a Socio-Environmental and Educational Intervention

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Luis V. Amador Muñoz

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Resumen: Los conceptos de intervención socioeducativa e intervención ambiental se han venido estudiando como dos aspectos diferentes, con ciertos puntos en común, pero con metodologías y estrategias separadas e inconexas. La finalidad de nuestro artículo es estudiar el proceso de evolución de ambos conceptos, para empezar a construir un modelo, centrado en lo que nosotros hemos querido denominar intervención educativa socioambiental, que aúne ambas intervenciones. Desde esta perspectiva toda intervención ambiental debe tener en cuenta los aspectos educativos y sociales porque las personas, los grupos y las comunidades son los afectados y beneficiarios de las transformaciones en el entorno físico y toda intervención socioeducativa debe contemplar los aspectos ambientales implicados, puesto que ésta siempre se desarrolla en un contexto socio-físico determinado.Abstract: The concepts of socio-educational and environmental interventions have been studied as two different fields, with some overlap, but with separated and unconnected methods and strategies. The purpose of our article is to study the development of both concepts to build a model, focused on what we have named “socio-environmental educational intervention”, bringing together both concepts. From this perspective, every environmental intervention should take into account educational and social aspects as individuals, groups and communities are the beneficiaries and the ones affected by the changes in the physical environment and each socio-educational intervention should consider all environmental aspects involved, since it always take place in a certain socio physical context.

Comportamento socioambiental do consumidor: um estudo com universitários do interior paulista Consumer socio-environmental behavior: a study with college students in the countryside of the State of Sao Paulo

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Helenita Rodrigues da Silva Tamashiro

2012-04-01

Full Text Available A Responsabilidade Social Corporativa vem se consolidando cada vez mais, dentro de um cenário de mercado muito competitivo e de consumidores mais exigentes e seletivos. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar se as ações de responsabilidade socioambiental influenciam no processo de decisão de compra dos consumidores. Para tanto, foram aplicados 100 questionários a alunos de um curso de administração de uma universidade no Estado de São Paulo, sendo que, 68 questionários foram validados e analisados, aplicando-se a estatística descritiva. Os resultados demonstraram que: i as ações socioambientais não afetam o processo de compra desses consumidores; ii que as empresas devem informar aos seus públicos em quais ações sociais e ambientais estão envolvidas e quais são os impactos positivos que suas ações têm gerado à biodiversidade e à sociedade.Corporate Social Responsibility is increasingly being consolidated within a very competitive market scenario comprising more selective and demanding consumers. Thus, the purpose of this research was to verify whether socio-environmental actions influence consumer purchase decision. To this end, 100 questionnaires were applied to undergraduate students from a business administration course at a university in the State of Sao Paulo; 68 questionnaires were validated and analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results showed that: i socio-environmental actions do notaffect the purchase process of these consumers; ii companies should inform consumers which social and environmental actions they are involved in and which positive impacts their actions have generated to biodiversity and society.

Sovereignties in Conflict: Socio-environmental Mobilization and the Glaciers Law in Argentina

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Lucas Christel

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Until 2010, the cycle of socio-environmental mobilization in Argentina against transnational mining that began in 2003 had influenced legislative power only at subnational levels. The enactment of the Glaciers Law in 2010 constituted the first time that socio-environmental mobilization successfully influenced legislative power at the federal level. This article makes a double contribution to the analysis of this type of conflict. In theoretical terms, through the notion of “sovereignties in conflict”, it problematizes the question of sovereignty in relation to socio-environmental conflicts, a dimension currently absent in studies of this kind. In empirical terms, it carries out a study of the enactment of the Glaciers Law. The principal argument is that the greater influence of socio-environmental mobilization on federal legislative power was made possible by the higher degree of openness to various viewpoints at this level, in contrast to that observed at subnational levels, and by the more successful organization and articulation of socio-environmental mobilization in this broader context. Resumen: Soberanías en conflicto: Movilización socioambiental y La Ley de Glaciares en ArgentinaHasta 2010, el ciclo de movilización socioambiental en la Argentina contra la minería trans-nacional que comenzó en 2003 había influenciado el poder legislativo a escala subnacional. Sin embargo, la sanción de la Ley de Glaciares en 2010 constituyó la primera vez que la movilización socioambiental logró condicionar el poder legislativo a escala federal. Este artículo realiza una doble contribución al análisis de este tipo de conflictos. En términos teóricos, a través de la noción de soberanías en conflicto, problematiza la cuestión de la soberanía en relación a los conflictos socioambientales, dimensión ausente hasta el presente en este tipo de estudios. En términos empíricos, realiza un estudio de la sanción de La Ley de Glaciares

Vulnerabilidade socioambiental na metrópole paulistana: uma análise sociodemográfica das situações de sobreposição espacial de problemas e riscos sociais e ambientais Socio-environmental vulnerability in the Metropolis of São Paulo, Brazil: a socio-demographic analysis of spatial coexistence of social and environmental risks and problems

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Humberto Prates da Fonseca Alves

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho procura identificar e caracterizar populações em situação de vulnerabilidade socioambiental em São Paulo, através da construção de indicadores ambientais, em escala desagregada (setores censitários do IBGE. A vulnerabilidade socioambiental está sendo definida como a coexistência ou sobreposição espacial entre grupos populacionais muito pobres e com alta privação (vulnerabilidade social e áreas de risco ou degradação ambiental (vulnerabilidade ambiental. A metodologia baseia-se na construção de um Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG, em que se sobrepõe a cartografia da rede hidrográfica à malha dos setores censitários do município de São Paulo (censo 2000. Inicialmente, identificam-se os setores classificados como de alta vulnerabilidade social pelo Mapa da vulnerabilidade social da população da cidade de São Paulo (CEM-CEBRAP/SAS-PMSP, 2004. Posteriormente, os setores localizados às margens de cursos d´água e com baixa cobertura de esgoto são considerados proxy de áreas com alta vulnerabilidade ambiental. Os resultados mostram que, no interior do grupo de setores censitários de alta vulnerabilidade social, existem grandes diferenças nas condições socioeconômicas e demográficas, relacionadas às diversas categorias de vulnerabilidade ambiental.The objective of this article is to identify and analyze population groups living in situations of socio-environmental vulnerability in São Paulo, by constructing environmental indicators on a disaggregated scale. We define socio-environmental vulnerability as the spatial coexistence of high social vulnerability together with areas of environmental risk and deterioration. The methodology is based on a Geographical Information System (GIS that provides information on the network of waterways and the layers of the census tracts in the municipality of São Paulo. We first identify the census tracts that show high social vulnerability, using a Social

Desafío para las Direcciones de Comunicación: un modelo integral para la sostenibilidad socio-ambiental y emocional/ Challenge for Public Relations management: a comprehensive model for the socio–environmental and emotional sustainability

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Hernán Dinamarca

2011-11-01

Full Text Available En las dos últimas décadas, las empresas han sido interpeladas por el desafío de lasostenibilidad. La Responsabilidad Social (RS, en estricto sentido histórico, es laactualización en las empresas de la exigencia social de sostenibilidad. Hoy son inviables lasempresas que no asuman una manera sustentable de actuar en lo ambiental y derelacionarse respetuosamente con las comunidades (licencia social para operar. Estoconlleva desafíos para sus direcciones de comunicaciones. Las comunicación y laresponsabilidad social se intersectan estratégicamente porque la triada emergente operaasí: (una comunicación (en transparencia (coherencia entre el decir y el hacer, es condiciónde la sostenibilidad de las empresas. Nuestra propuesta es un modelo de comunicaciónintegral para la sostenibilidad, que opera en dos grandes dominios interrelacionados: lasostenibilidad socio-ambiental y la emocional./During the last two decades, companies have been questioned by the challenges presentedby sustainability. Social Responsibility (SR, in a strict historical sense, is an update of the social demands for sustainability taken to sphere of companies. Today companies areunviable if they do not assume a sustainable way of acting on environmental issues, as wellas in respectful relationships with communities (social license to operate. This bringschallenges for the Public Relations. Communications and SR strategically intersect eachother, because the emerging triad operates as follows: (a communication (in transparency(consistency between saying and doing, is a condition of sustainability of the companies.Our proposal is an integral communication model for sustainability, which operates in twointerrelated domains: socio-environmental sustainability and emotional sustainability.

O mecanismo de autorregulação enquanto estratégia de marketing verde e práticas socioambientais: estudo de caso de uma indústria de motocicletas do Polo Industrial de Manaus – PIM

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Jurandir Moura Dutra

2016-10-01

Full Text Available A gestão ambiental, através do mecanismo de autorregulação, pode promover um diferencial competitivo às organizações que a implantam. Devido ao processo de globalização e à acirrada competição, mas também por uma exigência do consumidor, as organizações privadas têm orientado suas estratégias no sentido de contemplar as variáveis ambiental e social. Este trabalho buscou avaliar se a Moto Honda da Amazônia, empresa fabricante de motocicletas, instalada no Polo Industrial de Manaus – PIM desde 1976, vem desenvolvendo a gestão socioambiental e práticas de responsabilidade socioambiental. Para tal, perscrutou o documento publicado em seu sítio eletrônico intitulado “Relatório de Sustentabilidade 2015”, cuja metodologia foi escrita em conformidade com as diretrizes do Global Reporting Initiative – GRI, que é um indicador de sustentabilidade que trabalha com mensuração por metas, sendo a abordagem validada, reconhecida e acreditada internacionalmente. Observam-se práticas estratégicas condizentes com as premissas do marketing verde no desenvolvimento de seu composto, assim como práticas de gestão socioambiental que apontam para uma forte tendência do negócio ser gerido com responsabilidade.

GRAU DA PRÁXIS DA GESTÃO DA RESPONSABILIDADE AMBIENTAL PRATICADA POR USINAS SUCROALCOOLEIRAS

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Renata Longo

2014-12-01

gerencial (PCDA foi o Action que apresentou maior grau de aderência. Há uma concordância acentuada às características fundamentais do ciclo gerencial na Gestão da Responsabilidade Socioambiental.

Vulnerabilidade socioambiental, redução de riscos de desastres e construção da resiliência: lições do terremoto no Haiti e das chuvas fortes na Região Serrana, Brasil Socio-environmental vulnerability, disaster risk-reduction and resilience-building: lessons from the earthquake in Haiti and torrential rains in the mountain range close to Rio de Janeiro in Brazil

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Carlos Machado de Freitas

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Dados sobre desastres no mundo apontam para uma maior gravidade nos países com menores níveis de desenvolvimento econômico e social. Neste contexto, políticas de redução de riscos de desastres e construção da resiliência constituem prioridades na agenda do desenvolvimento sustentável, estando entre os temas eleitos para a Rio+20. O objetivo deste artigo é, através de uma contribuição de natureza conceitual e dos exemplos de desastres em países com níveis de desenvolvimento diferentes, o terremoto do Haiti e as chuvas fortes na Região Serrana (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, demonstrar como a vulnerabilidade socioambiental cria condições para os desastres, ao mesmo tempo em que limita as estratégias para prevenção e mitigação. Ao final são apontados alguns dos desafios que a redução de riscos de desastres e a construção da resiliência exigem em contextos de vulnerabilidade socioambiental, o que inclui mudanças nos padrões de desenvolvimento social, econômico e ambiental orientados para a sustentabilidade ecológica e a justiça social como pilares do desenvolvimento sustentável.Data on disasters around the world reveal greater seriousness in countries with lower social and economic development levels. In this context, disaster risk-reduction and resilience-building policies are priorities in the sustainable development agenda, featuring among the topics selected for the Rio+20 Summit. By means of a contribution of a conceptual nature and from examples of disasters in countries with different development levels, namely the Haiti earthquake and the torrential rains in the mountain range close to Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, the scope of this article is to demonstrate how socio-environmental vulnerability creates conditions for disasters, while at the same time limiting strategies for their prevention and mitigation. Lastly, some of the measures that disaster risk reduction and resilience-building demand in a socio

Conflictos socioambientales en la periferia de la modernidad. Apuntes para la intervención en contextos locales

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Arturo Vallejos

2008-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo pretende aportar a la intervención en conflictos socioambientales manifiestos en Chile y en América Latina. En su estructura general, la propuesta intenta exponer la evidencia empírica, es decir, el contexto y la presión sobre los recursos naturales que terminan en conflictos, como la propuesta actual de intervención para la resolución de la conflictividad socioambiental. Posteriormente introduciremos desde la Teoría de Los Sistemas Sociales de Niklas Luhmann algunos supuestos teóricos a tener en cuenta para la intervención, que ayudarían a clarificar un posible tipo de intervención que tenga en cuenta la forma y tipo de operación de la sociedad en que se manifiesta la conflictividad socioambiental.

Urihi A: A Terra-Floresta Yanomami

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James R. Welch

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Review of Urihi A: A Terra-Floresta Yanomami. Bruce Albert and William Milliken with Gale Goodwin Gomez. São Paulo: Instituto Socioambiental, 2009. 207 pp., illustrations, tables, bibliography, appendices, index. Paperback ISBN: 978‐85 85994‐72‐3.

Riscos e controvérsias na construção social do conceito de alimento saudável: o caso da soja

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Elaine de Azevedo

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Riscos e controvérsias na construção social do conceito de alimento saudável são discutidos, tendo a soja como objeto de estudo. Estudos dos impactos da soja sobre a saúde e da sojicultura sobre o meio socioambiental foram revisados para analisar as controvérsias científicas da pesquisa na área de soja e saúde humana, bem como seu contexto político e as repercussões socioambientais da sojicultura. Com base na Sociologia do Conhecimento Científico e na Sociologia Ambiental, argumenta-se que a fronteira entre o alimento saudável e o de risco é tênue e vulnerável a diferentes influências construídas reflexivamente. Destaca-se a importância de ampliar o conceito de alimento saudável para o de alimentação saudável, considerando sua dimensão cultural e socioambiental.

A Response to Welch's Review of "Urihi A: A Terra‐Floresta Yanomami"

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Hein van der Voort

2010-12-01

Full Text Available A Response to Welch's Review of Urihi A: A Terra‐Floresta Yanomami. Bruce Albert and William Milliken with Gale Goodwin Gomez. São Paulo: Instituto Socioambiental, 2009. 207 pp., illustrations, tables, bibliography, appendices, index. Paperback ISBN: 978‐85‐85994‐72‐3.

VULNERABILIDAD SOCIOAMBIENTAL EN MAZATLAN, MEXICO

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José Luis Beraud Lozano

2009-01-01

Full Text Available La exposición de la población mundial, y en particular de los habitantes de una localidad, a peligros o amenazas, no solamente guarda relación con la recurrencia de fenómenos naturales, sino que las acciones sociales han generado mayores riesgos elevando así la incertidumbre y vulnerabilidad de la propia sociedad y del medio ambiente, sin que las estrategias de mitigación aplicadas resulten suficientemente eficaces y adecuadas para mejorar las acciones preventivas frente a la dinámica antrópica que caracteriza las interacciones de la sociedad y la naturaleza.

Sustentabilidade socioambiental: um estudo bibliométrico da evolução do conceito na área de gestão de operações Environmental sustainability: a bibliometric study of its evolution in operations management

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Gustavo Menoncin de Carvalho Pereira

2011-01-01

Full Text Available A Sustentabilidade Socioambiental (SS apresenta desafios para organizações, governos e sociedade, tanto para a compreensão de seus conceitos teóricos quanto para a transformação de seus pressupostos em práticas operacionais e administrativas. Pesquisadores e organizações têm procurado conceitos, modelos e ferramentas, num esforço de adaptação ao novo paradigma, inclusive Gestão de Operações (GO. Neste artigo, é apresentada uma pesquisa bibliométrica, com o objetivo de investigar a presença do tema SS nos artigos do International Journal of Operations & Production Management e traçar um paralelo da pesquisa realizada com artigos publicados em periódicos brasileiros relevantes de GO. Os resultados deste trabalho apontam a evolução de SS em GO e identificam os principais temas abordados em SS. A principal conclusão é de que as cocitações envolvendo SS vêm crescendo em GO, posicionando o tema próximo à discussão de Estratégia de Manufatura.Sustainability and sustainable development have offered a great challenge for organizations, governments and society, in order to make the new paradigm effective in managerial and operational practices. In the field of Operations Management (OM, researchers and organizations have been trying to develop and incorporate new concepts, models and tools in an effort to adjust their management procedures to this new paradigm. This article presents a bibliometric study and proposes to investigate the frequency of the sustainability theme in academic research, within the scope of OM, analyzing articles published in the International Journal of Operations & Production Management and making a parallel with relevant OM Brazilian Journals. Main results presented the evolution of sustainability in Operations Management and the identified themes within. The main conclusion, ranking its themes by co-citation, is that sustainability was identified as an emerging theme and it is closely related to

A Reply to van der Voort's Response to Welch's Review of "Urihi A: A Terra‐ Floresta Yanomami"

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James R. Welch

2011-02-01

Full Text Available A Reply to van der Voort's Response to Welch's Review of Urihi A: A Terra‐ Floresta Yanomami. Bruce Albert and William Milliken with Gale Goodwin Gomez. São Paulo: Instituto Socioambiental, 2009. 207 pp., illustrations, tables, bibliography, appendices, index. Paperback ISBN: 978‐85 85994‐72‐3.

Biaxial seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete columns =

Science.gov (United States)

Rodrigues, Hugo Filipe Pinheiro

A analise dos efeitos dos sismos mostra que a investigacao em engenharia sismica deve dar especial atencao a avaliacao da vulnerabilidade das construcoes existentes, frequentemente desprovidas de adequada resistencia sismica tal como acontece em edificios de betao armado (BA) de muitas cidades em paises do sul da Europa, entre os quais Portugal. Sendo os pilares elementos estruturais fundamentais na resistencia sismica dos edificios, deve ser dada especial atencao a sua resposta sob acoes ciclicas. Acresce que o sismo e um tipo de acao cujos efeitos nos edificios exige a consideracao de duas componentes horizontais, o que tem exigencias mais severas nos pilares comparativamente a acao unidirecional. Assim, esta tese centra-se na avaliacao da resposta estrutural de pilares de betao armado sujeitos a acoes ciclicas horizontais biaxiais, em tres linhas principais. Em primeiro lugar desenvolveu-se uma campanha de ensaios para o estudo do comportamento ciclico uniaxial e biaxial de pilares de betao armado com esforco axial constante. Para tal foram construidas quatro series de pilares retangulares de betao armado (24 no total) com diferentes caracteristicas geometricas e quantidades de armadura longitudinal, tendo os pilares sido ensaiados para diferentes historias de carga. Os resultados experimentais obtidos sao analisados e discutidos dando particular atencao a evolucao do dano, a degradacao de rigidez e resistencia com o aumento das exigencias de deformacao, a energia dissipada, ao amortecimento viscoso equivalente; por fim e proposto um indice de dano para pilares solicitados biaxialmente. De seguida foram aplicadas diferentes estrategias de modelacao nao-linear para a representacao do comportamento biaxial dos pilares ensaiados, considerando nao-linearidade distribuida ao longo dos elementos ou concentrada nas extremidades dos mesmos. Os resultados obtidos com as varias estrategias de modelacao demonstraram representar adequadamente a resposta em termos das curvas

La pedagogía ambiental: hacia un nuevo paradigma educativo

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Guillermo Torres Carral

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo, se debate sobre la necesidad de construir un nuevo paradigma educativo en torno a la pedagogía ambiental, considerándola como parte de los cambios requeridos en el mundo para enfrentar la crisis de la civilización. Para lograr lo anterior, el punto de partida es el debate sobre la articulación de las disciplinas en una metadisciplina ; y la integración del conocimiento científico con el “no científico” en el marco de la pérdida de vigencia del viejo modelo positi - vista. De esta forma, se ubica el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje desde la perspectiva de la complejidad socioambiental. Posteriormente, se discute los fundamentos de la pedagogía ambiental a través de la conversión del paradigma científico en nuevo conocimiento popular, lo cual debe fincarse en la educación para la compatibilidad-sustentabilidad, mediante la generación de diálogos multidimensionales, y transitar hacia un nuevo modelo educativo. Se concluye discutiendo el necesario impulso, en las comunidades, del aprendizaje socioambiental como ancla de dicha pedagogía ambiental.

Life-cycle optimization model for distributed generation in buildings

Science.gov (United States)

Safaei, Amir

O setor da construcao e responsavel por uma grande parte do consumo de energia e emissoes na Uniao Europeia. A Geracao Distribuida (GD) de energia, nomeadamente atraves de sistemas de cogeracao e tecnologias solares, representa um papel importante no futuro energetico deste setor. A otimizacao do funcionamento dos sistemas de cogeracao e uma tarefa complexa, devido as diversas variaveis em jogo, designadamente: os diferentes tipos de necessidades energeticas (eletricidade, aquecimento e arrefecimento), os precos dinamicos dos combustiveis (gas natural) e da eletricidade, e os custos fixos e variaveis dos diferentes sistemas de GD. Tal torna-se mais complexo considerando a natureza flutuante das tecnologias solares termicas e fotovoltaicas. Ao mesmo tempo, a liberalizacao do mercado da eletricidade permite exportar para a rede, a electricidade gerada localmente. Adicionalmente, a operacao estrategica de um sistema de GD deve atender aos quadros politicos nacionais, se tiver como objetivo beneficiar de tais regimes. Alem disso, considerando os elevados impactes ambientais do setor da construcao, qualquer avaliacao energetica de edificios rigorosa deve tambem integrar aspetos ambientais, utilizando uma abordagem de Ciclo de Vida (CV). Uma avaliacao de Ciclo de Vida (ACV) completa de um sistema de GD deve incluir as fases relativas a operacao e construcao do sistema, bem como os impactes associados a producao dos combustiveis. Foram analisadas as emissoes da producao de GN, as quais variam de acordo com a origem, tipo (convencional ou nao-convencional), e estado (na forma de GN Liquefeito (GNL) ou gas). Do mesmo modo, o impacte dos sistemas solares e afetado pela meteorologia e radiacao solar, de acordo com a sua localizacao geografica. Sendo assim, uma avaliacao adequada dos sistemas de GD exige um modelo de ACV adequado a localizacao geografica (Portugal), integrando tambem a producao de combustivel (GN), tendo em conta as suas diferentes fontes de abastecimento. O

Mudanças sociais e gestão ecológica em questão: a experiência de mamirauá

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Edila Arnaud Ferreira Moura

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Estudo sobre as mudanças sociais que envolveram as populações tradicionais desde a criação de uma unidade de conservação ambiental, no ano de 1990, na região do Médio Solimões, Amazônia brasileira, com o interesse de conservar uma área reconhecida como o maior ecossistema de várzea do mundo. A análise situa os produtores locais em relação ao mercado ecológico e aos agentes do desenvolvimento sustentável. O estudo se refere a 49 localidades da floresta alagada amazônica, com informações relativas aos anos de 1991 a 2006. A análise identifica os agentes sociais que integram o campo socioambiental que se constrói com as políticas de intervenção socioambiental.Estudio sobre los cambios sociales que involucran a las poblaciones tradicionales mediante la creación de un ambiente protegido, en 1990, en el rio Solimões, Amazonia brasileña, en interés de la conservación de una zona reconocida como el ecosistema de humedal más grande del mundo . El análisis es los productores locales para el mercado y los agentes de desarrollo sostenible ecológico. El estudio se refiere a 49 ciudades en la selva amazónica inundada, que abarca los años 1991 a 2006. El análisis identifica los agentes sociales que integran el ámbito del medio ambiente, que se construye con políticas de intervención socioambiental.Study on the social changes involving traditional population after the creation, in 1990, of an environmental conservation unit in the Mid-Solimões River, Brazilian Amazon aimed to conserve an area known as the largest wetland ecosystem in the world. The analysis places local producers in relation to the ecological market and agents of sustainable development. The study covers 49 localities of the Amazon flooded forest, with information obtained between 1991 and 2006. The analysis identifies the social agents who integrate the socio environmental field constructed with social environmental intervention policies.

Comunicaçâo organizacional através da Internet: Presença da informaçao de responsabilidade social. Autor : Sgorla, Fabiane

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Fabiane Sgorla

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación tiene como objetivo reflexionar acerca de la divulgación de la responsabilidad social organizacional en sitios de organizaciones privadas. Con la investigación empírica se busca 1Investigar si las informaciones referentes a la responsabilidad social están presentes en los sitios organizacionales 2 Verificar si las expresiones "responsabilidad social" o responsabilidad socio ambiental o responsabilidad socio-ambiental están presentes en estos sitios.

EVALUACIÓN DE SUSTENTABILIDAD CON MODELOS DINÁMICOS: PRIMEROS AVANCES EN EL ESTUDIO DEL OASIS DE COMONDÚ, MÉXICO

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ALICIA TENZA P

2014-06-01

Full Text Available El oasis de Comondú es un agroecosistema de gran riqueza ecológica y cultural estrechamente ligado a la presencia de agua en un entorno árido. La subsistencia de sus poblaciones desde antes de la época misional hasta nuestros tiempos es una muestra explícita de sustentabilidad. Sin embargo, condiciones socioeconómicas y ambientales externas han desequilibrado este sistema socioambiental, que se dirige a su declive y desaparición. Nuestro objetivo general es evaluar la sustentabilidad de este sistema socioambiental mediante el enfoque de indicadores integrados en modelos dinámicos. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar este emergente enfoque y mostrar los primeros pasos de esta investigación: la construcción participativa de un modelo conceptual de nuestro sistema de estudio. Hemos identificado las principales variables e interrelaciones, y los procesos históricos que han influido en su dinámica. El modelo conceptual resultante incluye los subsistemas social y económico-productivo. La dinámica general del sistema de Comondú se encuentra en gran medida bajo el control de variables externas, climáticas como huracanes y precipitaciones, y de carácter socioeconómico, como la deslocalización sociopolítica, las ayudas gubernamentales y la intensificación agrícola exterior.

Política partidária e meio ambiente: a adesão dos partidos políticos brasileiros à agenda verde

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Antonio Teixeira de Barros

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa como os partidos políticos brasileiros incorporam temas ambientais em seus programas partidários. A metodologia consistiu no monitoramento dos websites dos partidos, com um mapeamento das estratégias utilizadas no que se refere à adesão das legendas à agenda socioambiental. O levantamento foi realizado no período de agosto a setembro de 2014, durante a campanha eleitoral. Dos 32 partidos registrados na Justiça Eleitoral, 20 incorporam temáticas ecológicas em seus websites(62,5%, por meio de quatro principais estratégias: inclusão do tema no programa partidário, criação de núcleo socioambiental nos websites, oferta de cursos online de educação ambiental e divulgação de noticiário ecológico. Identificam-se quatro perfis partidários de governança ecológica: preservacionistas, desenvolvimentistas, críticos ao capitalismo e ecologistas sistêmicos. Em todos os perfis, o Estado exerce um papel central como ator das políticas ambientais propostas pelos partidos. A ampla adesão partidária aos temas ecológicos mostra que a agenda verde se tornou uma questão política estabelecida e um tema transpartidário, além da divisão esquerda x direita.

Towards new forms of learning. Exploring the potential of participatory theatre in sustainability science

OpenAIRE

Heras López, María

2015-01-01

Frente a las limitaciones de la ciencia convencional para abordar la complejidad y los retos del cambio socio-ambiental global, la ciencia de la sostenibilidad emerge como un enfoque científico estratégico. Desde este enfoque, se enfatiza la necesidad de conectar múltiples fuentes de conocimiento con la correspondiente acción en contextos específicos, para facilitar interacciones y transiciones hacia la sostenibilidad. Por su potencial transformador y de aprendizaje, la ciencia de la sostenib...

TERRITORIO MENTAL: EL NUDO GORDIANO DE LA DEMOCRACIA

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Evandro Vieira Ouriques

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Es mucho más frecuente y común de lo que gustaríamos el hecho de que individuos, grupos, redes, movimientos y organizaciones presenten actitudes antidemocráticas en la manera como conversan internamente, articulan sus acciones intersectoriales y procuran movilizar los segmentos sociales con los cuales trabajan a favor de la ciudadanía, de la democracia, de las políticas públicas sociales, de las intervenciones en comunidades y de laresponsabilidad socioambiental...(Continúa

Tendências e desafios da integração de informações financeiras e de sustentabilidade de quatro empresas brasileiras que adotam o modelo do relato integrado em 2014

OpenAIRE

Silva, Maria do Carmo Carneiro Altenfelder

2014-01-01

A metodologia de leitura dos resultados empresarias tem mudado nos últimos anos, visto que existe a preocupação em relacionar questões de desempenho financeira à sustentabilidade. Os bancos, fornecedores, e investidores já utilizam os balancetes trimestrais e pareceres de analistas financeiros para tomada de decisão da aquisição e venda de ativos e escolha de parceiros estratégicos. O mercado dispõe de Relatório Financeiro, Relatório de Sustentabilidade e Socioambiental com bas...

Conflictos socioambientales en la periferia de la modernidad: Apuntes para la intervención en contextos locales

OpenAIRE

Vallejos, Arturo

2008-01-01

El presente artículo pretende aportar a la intervención en conflictos socioambientales manifiestos en Chile y en América Latina. En su estructura general, la propuesta intenta exponer la evidencia empírica, es decir, el contexto y la presión sobre los recursos naturales que terminan en conflictos, como la propuesta actual de intervención para la resolución de la conflictividad socioambiental. Posteriormente introduciremos desde la Teoría de Los Sistemas Sociales de Niklas Luhmann algunos supu...

Aspectos biopsicosociales que inciden en la salud del adulto mayor Bio-psycho social aspects shattering elderly health

OpenAIRE

Aida Chong Daniel

2012-01-01

El presente trabajo trata acerca de algunos factores biosicosociales que inciden en la salud del adulto mayor, se parte del concepto de que el envejecimiento no es un proceso de causa única, sino el resultado de una compleja asociación de interacciones y modificaciones estructurales y funcionales, entre lo biológico, lo psicológico y lo socio-ambiental. Teniendo en cuenta estos elementos el objetivo de este trabajo es exponer algunos aspectos que inciden en la salud del adulto mayor, para que...

Administração Pública e Agenda Ambiental – A3P - Considerações sobre a implementação nos órgãos públicos

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Maria Lailze Simões Albuquerque Cavalcante

2012-06-01

Full Text Available O ambiente sustentável e a política socioambiental merecem destaque na sociedade hodierna. Busca-se colocar em prática ações ambientais nas empresas politicamente atualizadas sob o ponto de vista ambiental. A legislação que acolhe é vasta e expressiva. O Ministério do Meio Ambiente, em parceria com o Ibama, instituiu a denominada A3P- Agenda Ambiental na Administração Pública, pautada em ação a caminho da construção de uma nova cultura institucional nos órgãos e entidades públicos. Além de estimular os gestores públicos a incorporar princípios e critérios de gestão socioambiental em suas atividades rotineiras, ressalta a relevância da economia de recursos naturais e à redução de gastos institucionais por meio do uso racional dos bens públicos, da gestão adequada dos resíduos, da licitação sustentável e da promoção da sensibilização, capacitação e qualidade de vida no ambiente de trabalho. Além disso, a A3P busca também despertar o comprometimento do servidor/colaborador na redução de despesas da própria instituição, com exemplo educativo para as presentes e futuras gerações.

LA ECONOMÍA SOCIAL Y SOLIDARIA EN LA TRANSICIÓN AMBIENTAL

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Mª Àngels Alió

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo es un ensayo sobre la capacidad de la población para transformarse en actor social activo en el proceso de cambio hacia una sociedad más justa y con mejores relaciones de equilibrio con la naturaleza. Se parte de la hipótesis de que los emprendimientos de economía social y solidaria conforman nuevas formas de organización que inciden muy positivamente en la transformación socio-ecológica. El texto se ha estructurado en tres partes. La primera trata de los modelos de transición ambiental y destaca la circunstancia del fuerte protagonismo de los actores sociales. La segunda parte ofrece una breve panorámica del mundo cooperativo y las empresas del tercer sector en Europa, incluyendo un breve apunte sobre la realidad cooperativa de España y Catalunya. A continuación se presenta el resultado de un análisis sobre seis cooperativas en Catalunya que permiten profundizar en sus características organizativas, objetivos y capacidad para introducir dinámicas de transformación socioambiental en sus contextos territoriales. Cuatro de estas cooperativas son agroalimentarias. También se estudia una cooperativa de consumo con fuerte implantación urbana y otra de financiación ética. Finalmente se presentan unas breves conclusiones con el objetivo de destacar la incidencia de todas ellas en los procesos de transformación socioambiental.

Construction of indicators for evaluation of the results of projects under energetic and socio-environmental approach; Construcao de indice para a avaliacao de resultados de projetos sob enfoque energetico e socio-ambiental

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Berni, Mauro Donizeti; Leite, Alvaro A.F. [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (NIPE/UNICAMP), SP (Brazil). Nucleo Interdisciplinar de Planejamento Energetico], e-mail: mauro_berni@yahoo.com.br; Bacellar, Andre Melo; Soares, Luciana R [Agencia Nacional de Energia Eletrica (ANEEL), Brasilia, DF (Brazil); Pego, Bolivar [Instituto de Pesquisa Economica Aplicada (IPEA), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2008-07-01

The establishment and the effective use of sustainability index incorporating variables such as energy, social and environmental, as subsidy to the socket of decision, it has globally been growing. This tool had increased his use, starting from the Conference of the United Nations on Environment and Development (Rio 92) decisions emphasizing the sustainable development. This work, proposes and it demonstrates the validation of a new methodology for evaluation of the results of projects of Research and Development (R and D), for the energy sector and environmental impacts of the implementation of the referred projects. The methodology contemplates the establishment of the Index IRA and the criteria for evaluation of the results of the projects of R and D, under the energy and social and environmental aspects. (author)

Modelo de producción más limpia para mejoramiento del desempeño ambiental y productivo de un taller de mecánica automotriz de vehículos livianos. Caso de estudio: Taller Automotriz Tecnobal

OpenAIRE

Narváez Bahamonde, María Soledad

2014-01-01

En este aporte se realiza una investigación Exploratoria-Descriptiva dentro de los talleres de mecánica automotriz de vehículos livianos en la ciudad de Cuenca, partiendo del taller caso de estudio: Tecnobal. Se encuestó a 82 propietarios de talleres automotrices, obteniendo un diag nóstico general de la situación actual además, se recopiló información del impacto socio-ambiental y socio-económico mediante encuestas efectuadas a los vecinos de los talleres y a los operarios. Identificándose v...

Planteamiento de estrategias para obtener la viabilidad social sostenible del proyecto cuprífero Tía María

OpenAIRE

Gonzales Vilca, Daril Luis

2017-01-01

En la presente investigación se analizan las características del conflicto socioambiental que gira en torno al proyecto cuprífero Tía María, lo cual nos ayuda a determinar las estrategias a tomar en cuenta para poder dar una viabilidad social sostenible al proyecto, que aún en el momento de culminación de la presente tesis, sigue paralizado.Se empleo como herramienta principal de recolección de datos una encuesta presencial realizada en las áreas de influencia social directa e indirecta del p...

A prática educativa e o desenvolvimento territorial : um estudo de caso no município de Chapada Gaúcha, MG

OpenAIRE

Salgado, Cecília Langoni

2010-01-01

O desregrado desenvolvimento técnico-científico da civilização humana tem gerado conseqüências socioambientais profundas, modificando as formas sócio-organizativas e políticoeconômicas da relação „sociedade - meio ambiente‟. Estas conseqüências evidenciaram, dentre outros, a necessidade de mudanças emergenciais, promovendo o resgate de conceitos sob nova relevância de qualidade e eqüidade socioambiental. Nestas circunstâncias, o presente trabalho apresenta a releitura de dois conceitos e a po...

Vulnerabilidades sociais e juvenil nos mananciais da zona sul da cidade de São Paulo

OpenAIRE

Borelli,Elizabeth

2012-01-01

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1414-49802012000100006 Este artigo é um produto parcial da pesquisa “Reflexos da Vulnerabilidade Socioambiental nas Manifestações Musicais dos Jovens Paulistanos da Periferia”, identificando como recorte geográfico a periferia da Zona Sul da cidade de São Paulo. Trata-se de uma região que começou a se formar devido à ocupação populacional desordenada em áreas de manancial, onde a vulnerabilidade social é agravada por situações de risco e degradação ambiental, da...

Realities of the Colombian Amazon: Territory, Armed Conflict And Socio-Ecological Risk

OpenAIRE

Trujillo Quintero, Hernán Felipe

2014-01-01

El artículo tiene como objetivo vislumbrar las realidades político-ecológicas del territorio amazónico colombiano, a partir de una investigación explicativa, con el propósito de develar las dinámicas poblacionales, la inferioridad que se ha gestado en las relaciones de poder (centro-periferia) con la ausencia del Estado y sus consecuencias en la relación ser humano-naturaleza. Por lo tanto, se concluye que hay un riesgo socioambiental por la falta de poder nacional sobre el territorio, especi...

Conflicts and partnerships in the area of socio-environmental projects

OpenAIRE

Pereira, João Márcio Mendes

2011-01-01

Este artigo analisa os embates em torno de projetos socioambientais financiados pelo Banco Mundial desde o início dos anos de 1980. Para isso, volta-se para as relações entre o Banco, o Congresso e o governo norte-americanos e ONGs atuantes nos Estados Unidos. Argumenta-se que o Banco respondeu às pressões externas em matéria socioambiental crescendo e fazendo mais, mediante um processo conflitivo e contínuo de estiramento institucional e mudança incremental que acomodou tais pressões no para...

O Papel da Economia Ecológica nas Políticas Públicas da América Latina : Consenso Latino-Americano da Reunião da ISEE em Washington

OpenAIRE

Weiss, Joseph Samson

2017-01-01

Depois de dois anos de conversas, as sociedades regionais indicadas, autores institucionais, chegaram a este consenso sobre o papel da economia ecológica na política pública da América Latina, abrangendo os dez temas seguintes: Indicadores de bem-estar apropriados à sustentabilidade socioambiental; Desvinculação do crescimento econômico do uso intensivo de energia e de materiais, assim como da degradação ambiental (decoupling em inglês); Inovação tecnológica com redução de impactos ambientais...

Coleopterofauna epígea de importancia agrícola en cultivos de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) y tomate (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.), con diferente manejo sanitario, en el Cinturón Flori-Hortícola Platense

OpenAIRE

Rouaux, Julia

2015-01-01

El Cinturón Flori-Hortícola Platense (CFHP) (NE prov. Buenos Aires) representa la región más importante de la Argentina en la producción de hortalizas. La producción hortícola convencional implica el cultivo de especies de ciclos en general cortos y repetitivos, la práctica de laboreos intensivos y la aplicación de agroquímicos de síntesis (plaguicidas, herbicidas y fertilizantes). El elevado uso de estos últimos compuestos es visto como un problema socio-ambiental. Como alternativa de produc...

Análise dos fundamentos teóricos associados à pesquisa contábil na área ambiental = Analysis of environmental accounting research theories

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Luiz da Costa Laurencel

2010-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo apresenta os principais enfoques teóricos aplicáveis à Contabilidade Socioambiental,analisando seus aspectos positivos e limitações, particularizados à consolidação de uma teoriacontábil de cunho ambiental. Para isso, realiza-se uma revisão da bibliografia pertinente ao tema,buscando estabelecer uma taxonomia da literatura contábil desta natureza, e comentam-seoportunidades para o desenvolvimento de linhas de pesquisas alternativas ao mainstream. O estudodemonstra a existência de um pluralismo teórico aplicável ao campo socioambiental, concluindo quehá outros enfoques teóricos capazes de se contraporem às suposições do mainstream. Apesar de aortodoxia contábil estar fundamentada em paradigmas funcionalistas, existem opções alternativaspara explicar os fenômenos socioambientais dentro da Teoria da Contabilidade.This paper presents the major conceptual positions for Social and Environmental Accounting while analyzingtheir strengths and limitations with respect to the consolidation of social and environmental accountingtheory. In order to do this, a review of the relevant literature was carried out tht tried to establish a taxonomyof related accounting literature and comments regarding the opportunities for developing alternative lines ofresearch to the mainstream. The study shows that theoretical pluralism occurs in this field and concludesthat there are other theoretical approaches capable of challenging the existing mainstream assumptions.Although accounting orthodoxy is based upon functionalist paradigms, there are alternative options that maybe used to explain the social and environmental phenomena within accounting theory.

Desenvolvimento de uma escala para avaliar o grau de utilização da tecnologia da informação verde pelas organizações

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Guilherme Lerch Lunardi

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Questões relacionadas à sustentabilidade ambiental têm-se mostrado cada vez mais importantes na pesquisa e na prática das organizações ao longo das últimas décadas. Especificamente, a área de Tecnologia da Informação (TI tem sido responsável por parte dos problemas ambientais com que a sociedade se depara atualmente. Nesse sentido, a TI Verde aparece como uma forma de aliar recursos disponíveis a políticas de sustentabilidade e economia nas organizações, gerando benefícios para o meio ambiente e para as empresas. Neste trabalho, o objetivo é desenvolver e validar um instrumento para avaliar o grau de utilização da TI Verde pelas organizações. Verificou-se que a TI Verde pode ser mensurada: pela efetividade das ações sustentáveis aplicadas à área de TI; pelo grau de orientação ambiental e pelo nível de consciência socioambiental da organização; pelo monitoramento das atividades de TI; e pelo grau de expertise ambiental na área de TI. A orientação ambiental e as ações de TI Verde aparecem como as dimensões mais efetivas, sugerindo serem as principais desencadeadoras da presença da TI Verde nas organizações. A onsciência socioambiental é, por sua vez, a dimensão menos efetiva, indicando que as questões ambientais ainda não são prioridade para as empresas investigadas.

Política ambiental y territorios indígenas de Sonora

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Diana Luque

2012-01-01

Full Text Available La política ambiental en México ya es parte de la agenda de seguridad nacional, sin embargo, uno de sus instrumentos de planeación clave es el OET (Ordenamiento Ecológico del Territorio, el cual no ha logrado el impacto previsto. Se propone a los pueblos y territorios indígenas de Sonora como sector estratégico para la implementación de los OET, para lo cual se considera necesario profundizar en su problemática actual. Por ello, se realiza un análisis socioambiental de los complejos bioculturales de Sonora, a partir del marco de reflexión de la ecología política y la perspectiva biocultural. Esto se logra a partir de un análisis interdisciplinario donde se conjugan epistemologías y metodologías de los campos de las ciencias sociales y de la ecología. El análisis socioambiental se organiza a partir de dos grandes temas: la territorialidad y la comunidad indígena contemporánea. Se concluye que el formato actual de los OET es poco operativo, por lo que se dan recomendaciones para eficientar su implementación. Por último, se resalta la importancia de la atención de los complejos bioculturales, en primera instancia como un tema de justicia ambiental, así como por su capacidad para incidir a favor de los temas globales ambientales, como el cambio climático y la disponibilidad y calidad del agua.

Casos controversos sob o enfoque de um paradigma indiciário: o ensino de ciências no horizonte formativo da cidadania ambiental

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Carmen Roselaine de Oliveira Farias; Elisabeth Barolli

2013-01-01

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-795X.2013v31n3p1131 Neste ensaio teórico as autoras apresentam uma crítica aos modelos epistemológicos e pedagógicos dominantes no ensino de ciências e apresentam uma perspectiva sobre o uso de casos controversos que leva em conta expectativas de formação para a cidadania socioambiental. O argumento central é que casos podem contribuir para a compreensão de questões ambientais na escola a partir de uma postura investigativa que tem suas raízes em um mod...

Biodiversidad exportada y regiones transformadas: naturaleza, comercio y dinámica regional en Costa Rica (1884-1948)

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Anthony Goebel Mc Dermott

2014-01-01

El presente artículo tiene como objetivos centrales, por un lado, visibilizar, desde una perspectiva socioambiental, y valiéndose de referentes teóricos como la Economía Ecológica, el papel de los “bienes” de explotación extractiva –con especial atención a los recursos naturales bióticos- en la inserción directa de la naturaleza “costarricense” en el mercado mundial, y por otro, dar cuenta del carácter regionalmente diferenciado de la presión económica de este último sobre los diversos ecosis...

Recolección y procesamiento de basura en el Valle de El Guarco.

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Quesada, Hilda; Mora, Benjamín; Hernández, Enrique; Arnáez, Elizabeth; Valverde, Virginia

2016-01-01

En 1987 se realizó un Diagnóstico Socio-ambiental en el Valle de El Guarco, con el propósito de conocer la magnitud y las características de los problemas ambientales en los cantones Central, Paraíso, Oreamuno y El Guarco de la provincia de Cartago y en el que el problema de la basura fue un aspecto por estudiar. La información se recopiló por medio del análisis de estudios realizados, entrevistas a miembros de los gobiernos locales y grupos de base así como giras de inspección ocular y aplic...

El encantamiento de la ecología : capitales religiosos en el ecologismo moderno

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Díaz Diego, José

2009-01-01

La crisis ambiental y la secularización de la sociedad están obligando a las instituciones religiosas a elaborar nuevos discursos más coherentes con la cultura postmoderna y la dinámica socioambiental. De igual forma, el pensamiento ecologista se está volviendo más complejo debido a la incorporación de valores morales a sus decálogos ideológicos y a sus acciones prácticas. Ello supone la intrusión de capitales religiosos en la ecología, hasta ahora de fuerte cariz laico y cientificista. Se ab...

Avances en la exposición contable de CoPs y memorias GRI = Advances in CoPs and GRI reports as accounting statements

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Liliana Fernández Lorenzo

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Actualmente para lograr un desarrollo sustentable, la sociedad requiere que las organizaciones asuman su responsabilidad socio-ambiental y emitan información acerca de los impactos que su actividad genera en el medioambiente.Dicha información mayormente se presenta a través de las denominadas Memorias o Reportes de Sostenibilidad, que responden a distintas formas y contenidos. Cada vez son más los informes que se elaboran siguiendo los lineamientos del Pacto Mundial (PM y del Global Reporting Initiative (GRI.Consideramos que la información sobre la responsabilidad socio-ambiental debería reunir los requisitos que hacen a toda buena información contable, para incrementar su utilidad.Para comprobarlo, se realiza un estudio de casos a los fines de determinar las características generales de estos informes elaborados bajo pautas del PM y del GRI conjuntamente, concluyendo que la información presentada en las memorias analizadas no reúne los requisitos de una buena información contable.A fin de que la exposición de las CoPs y memorias de sostenibilidad GRI, pueda calificarse de contable, se expresan sintéticamente los indicadores analizados agregando su relación porcentual y se incorporan al Estado Contable Socio-ambiental realizado de acuerdo al modelo base de la FCE-UNLP, considerado como un estado contable (Fernández Lorenzo y Geba, 2008.Nowadays in order to achieve sustainable development, organizations are required to take on their social and environmental responsibility and give information about the impact of their activities in the environment.This information is usually presented through sustainability reports, which widely differ in content and layout. Many organizations worldwide have assumed their responsibility by implementing Global Reporting Initiative (GRI and United Nations Global Compact (GC guidelines.We consider that the information regarding socio-environmental responsibility, should meet the characteristics of the

A dinâmica do agronegócio e seus impactos socioambientais na Amazônia brasileira

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Silva, Luiz Guilherme Teixeira; Venturieri, Adriano; Homma, Alfredo Kingo Oyama

2009-01-01

http://dx.doi.org/10.5801/ncn.v11i2.277 Uma das principais características da expansão do agronegócio no país é a incorporação à cadeia produtiva de novas áreas que apresentam uma grande fragilidade socioambiental, como as áreas de cerrado e savanas amazônicas – que, do ponto de vista geográfico, correspondem a fronteiras. Sem considerar as limitações ambientais, essa expansão tem ocorrido em decorrência da pequena infraestrutura física dessas áreas e do seu isolamento em relação aos grandes ...

Estratégias de desenvolvimento industrial e dinâmicas territoriais de contestação social e confronto político

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José Ricardo Ramalho

2013-06-01

Full Text Available O artigo discute o conflito socioambiental estabelecido na interação entre o desenvolvimento de estratégias industriais em rede, através da Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (CSN, e formas emergentes de contestação social e confronto politico nas localidades siderúrgicas e de extração mineral de Volta Redonda (RJ e Congonhas (MG. O argumento central enfatiza a importância dessas formas de enraizamento social como condicionantes da ação econômica, considerando principalmente a natureza inovadora da integração de questões do trabalho e do meio ambiente nos territórios pesquisados.

Ambientalismo, sustentabilidad urbana y desarrollo regional

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Erick Gómez Tagle López

2004-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo, el autor analiza, en el marco del crecimiento de las ciudades, del libre mercado, del empobrecimiento de los sectores rurales, de la degradación ecológica y de la pérdida de biodiversidad, el tema urgente del medio ambiente en la agenda mundial y su sustentabilidad urbana y regional. A lo largo de su trabajo, el autor obliga a repensar la globalización desde el espacio local, valorando que este proceso ha beneficiado a pocos países y empresas transnacionales quienes, haciendo uso del dinero y la tecnología, han acelerado la insustentabilidad socioambiental.

Uma visão socioambiental sobre a fronteira no Cerrado

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Rodrigo Martins dos Santos

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Resenha do livro "Fronteira Cerado: Sociedade e Natureza no Oeste do Brasil", organizado por Sandro Dutra e Silva, José Paulo Pietrafesa, José Luiz Andrade Franco, José Augusto Drummond e Giovana Galvão Tavares. A obra utiliza o conceito de "fronteira" para aglutinar artigos relacionados à sociedade e à natureza do Cerrado. A publicação é uma continuação da parceira que deu origem, em 2012, ao livro "História Ambiental: fronteiras, recursos naturais e conservação da natureza". No conjunto, trata-se de uma coletânea bastante diversificada, em termos de abordagens, cujo eixo articulador refere-se às dinâmicas de ocupação, enfrentamentos e disputas em torno do Cerrado. O livro é recomendado a pesquisadores interessados sobre a História e o Ambiente do bioma Cerrado, ou seja, sua História Ambiental.

Análisis social multicriterio: reflexiones en torno a la institucionalidad ambiental en la región de Valparaíso, Chile

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Nelson Arellano Escudero

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Una revisión del sistema de gestión ambiental muestra que la relevancia de los espacios de participación ciudadana es aún limitada, según se desprende del análisis de las evaluaciones ambientales en la Región de Valparaíso, Chile, en el periodo 2005-2009. Una mirada a esta realidad, desde las deniciones de la ciencia posnormal y del análisis social multicriterio —ASM—, permite indagar en las eventuales contribuciones del Trabajo Social a diversas situaciones de conflicto socioambiental. El artículo propone que la profesión, con su capacidad articuladora, debiera apostar de manera contundente por una incursión en el tópico de la sustentabilidad.

La expansión de monocultivos de exportación en Argentina y Costa Rica. Conflictos socioambientales y lucha campesina por la justicia ambiental

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Felicitas María Silvetti

2015-08-01

Full Text Available El trabajo analiza la expansión del monocultivo extractivista en Costa Rica y la Argentina en detrimento del capital natural y las poblaciones campesinas. La metodología incluyó entrevistas realizadas a campo en ambos países y consultas a fuentes documentales, periodísticas y bibliográficas. Se concluye que los conflictos ecosociales son provocados por la ausencia de un ordenamiento territorial, la escasa fiscalización estatal en materia ambiental y la alianza de los gobiernos con el capital concentrado. En este contexto, también se evidencian estrategias de resistencia de los campesinos que luchan por la justicia ambiental y la concreción de una institucionalidad socioambiental acorde con sus intereses.

ANÁLISE INTEGRADA DO SISTEMA LACUSTRE DA MARAPONGA NA PERSPECTIVA SOCIOAMBIENTAL

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Nataniel Colares Dias

2010-01-01

being composed of three subsystems that natural, social and built, which is composed of a complex system and open. This method is associated limnological principles as regards the study of inland waters, also has an interdisciplinary character. For the analysis of socioeconomic factors were used for statistical data from the IBGE census of 2000 and interviews with patrons of the park is located where the pond data quality indicators Maraponga of pond water, which were used were collected from SEMAM / PMF, the physico-chemical and bacteriological samples used to determine the standard specifications of Resolution 357/2005. From the data collected, we determined the major environmental impacts and inter-relationship between society/nature, which made proposals for better use of that water resource.

Gestión de impacto socio-ambiental: hacia una sustentabilidad integral

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Daniel Zavala-Araiza

2017-04-01

Full Text Available La propagación de conflictos socio-ambientales a partir de los megaproyectos y el extractivismo da lugar a la polarización y enfrentamiento entre las partes involucradas, generalmente eclipsando las esferas sociales intangibles y erosionando los derechos humanos a nivel local. En el caso específico de México, cambios legislativos recientes derivados de una reforma energética abrieron la puerta a las Evaluaciones de Impacto Social (“EVIS” como medida de mitigación a este problema.  Si bien esto es un avance relevante, a criterio de los autores el alcance actual de esta figura mantiene un enfoque reduccionista que demerita la búsqueda de una sustentabilidad integral. Partiendo de la premisa que en su momento dio pie al nacimiento del derecho ambiental de interiorizar las externalidades, el presente artículo propone complementar los mecanismos actualmente exigibles en materia social y ambiental con mecanismos robustos que permitan la evaluación y gestión del impacto social de manera transdisciplinaria y transparente, incluyendo por lo menos, factores antropológicos, sociológicos, cuantitativos, jurídicos y de derechos humanos, así como un diálogo-acompañamiento abierto y continuo con las comunidades involucradas, tendiente a generar un estándar crítico que favorezca la gobernanza de las distintas dimensiones del desarrollo.

Contextualización socioambiental del agave en Tonaya, Jalisco, México

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Francia Elizabeth Rodríguez Contreras

2017-07-01

Full Text Available In Tonaya, the Agave angustifolia Haw has been cultivated since 1845, but today has been replaced almost entirely by the Agave tequilana Weber. This replacement and the increase in the demand for agave liquor caused environmental damages. The historical context and the socio-environmental effects generated by the agave distiller industry are described in this article, and the role played by the government institutions is analyzed, a study on the region that was nonexistent until today. Information from bibliographic archives and from interviews to key actors, using the snowball technique, was obtained. Moreover, the effects on biodiversity and water quality by the dumping of liquid waste or vinasse into the Tuxcacuesco river were examined. Decisions were made reducing environmental pollution; however, many of these actions have been abandoned, putting at risk again the water system’s integrity and what it represents.

RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIOAMBIENTAL NA MICRO E PEQUENA EMPRESA: PRÁTICAS E DESAFIOS

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Jacques Demajorovic

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Small sized enterprises account for the most part of the companies in Brasil and perform an important social and economic role. However, social and environmental aspects related to these firms are still not fully understood. This research analyses the main motivation factors for the adoption of environmental initiatives by the small sized enterprises and also the challenges faced by these companies in this field. The research study method includes a documental analysis of 70 companies of the environmental program SEBRAE-SP and interviews with 42 owners of these companies. Research results shows that compulsory regulations remains as the main factor that stimulate small sized companies to adopt environmental initiatives in order to avoid fines and environmental litigation. Moreover, companies prioritarize fragmented environmental and social initiatives that demand limited financial investment. Another finding of this research is that the environmental information supplied by professional organizations can contribute to overcome some of the challenges faced by small companies.

Os vazios institucionais na mineração: um estudo de caso em Mariana

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Suzana Braga Rodrigues

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Resumo: A tragédia do rompimento da barragem de Fundão, considerado como o pior desastre socioambiental do país, ocorrida no município de Mariana, no distrito de Bento Rodrigues, em Minas Gerais, no dia 05 de novembro de 2015, por volta das 16 horas, instiga a investigação científica em várias áreas do conhecimento. Este trabalho busca contribuir para o debate sobre os vazios institucionais nas políticas públicas ambientais que incidem no setor econômico minerário. Associado a este objetivo, propõe uma reflexão numa perspectiva pluridimensional acerca da promoção de um alinhamento estratégico entre os atores que compõem o cenário da extração de minérios, a partir do rompimento da barragem de Fundão. Foi utilizada a análise hermenêutico-dialética e fez-se uma análise qualitativa, a partir de dois níveis de interpretação: o campo das determinações fundamentais (o contexto sócio-histórico e o encontro dos fatos empíricos. Foi realizada uma pesquisa documental. Verificou-se que as atividades minerárias evidenciam a existência de muitos vazios institucionais, desde a concepção de projetos até a sua execução. Evidenciou-se que o sistema jurídico atual não abarca a complexidade que o impacto socioambiental do desastre da barragem de Fundão provocou. A omissão da participação da comunidade local nos processos de licenciamento ambiental da mineração também está associada a vazios institucionais.   Palavras-chave: Mineração; Barragem de rejeito de Fundão; Vazios institucionais; Gestão de impactos sociais.    

Sobrepeso y obesidad en relación a condiciones socio-ambientales de Niños residentes en San Rafael, Mendoza

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Oyhenart, Evelia Edith

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El exceso de peso representa un problema emergente en salud pública, su prevalencia varía según zona de residencia, nivel socio-económico, edad y sexo. El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar las prevalencias de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños urbanos y rurales del Departamento de San Rafael, Mendoza, en relación a las condiciones socio-ambientales. Se realizó un estudio antropométrico transversal en 1176 individuos de 6 a 12 años. Se relevaron peso corporal, talla y pliegues subcutáneos tricipital y subescapular. El sobrepeso y la obesidad fueron determinados utilizando los criterios del International Obesity Task Force. El patrón de distribución adiposa se analizó mediante el índice Subescapular/Tricipital (IST. Un valor de IST>1 indicó centralización adiposa. El relevamiento socio-ambiental se realizó mediante encuesta autoadministrada. Los datos fueron procesados por análisis de componentes principales categórico (catACP. El catACP discriminó cuatro grupos según su condición socio-ambiental: Urbano: (Alto, Medio y Empobrecido y Rural. Las prevalencias para sobrepeso fueron de 14,4% y para obesidad de 7,6%, siendo las diferencias sexuales no significativas. La población con sobrepeso presentó en ambos sexos, valores de IST<1. En los varones obesos el IST fue >1 a partir de los 9 años y en las mujeres a los 9 y 12 años. El sobrepeso se distribuyó homogéneamente en los cuatro grupos, en tanto que la obesidad fue mayor en el grupo con características rurales. Los resultados dan cuenta del creciente aumento del sobrepeso con distribución homogénea e independiente de la condición socioeconómica. La obesidad en cambio, se concentra principalmente en la zona rural.

Logística verde e Inversa, Responsabilidad Universitaria Socioambiental Corporativa y Productividad

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Gladys Maquera

Full Text Available Human beings are the cause for the generation of the waste around the world. Dangerous solid waste represents a meaningful risk to the health just as to the environmental by its characteristics and management to which these are submitted. The incentive to the selective collection and recycling of the used waste will bring benefits to the society in the energy economy of the natural resources generating employment and among others. By the plan, in improving and taking advantage of the natural resources, the inverse Logistic provides the adequate knowledge of the reintegration ways to the marketplace of the benefit goods by the production process. This work has as main objective in knowing the “Inverse Logistic,” as an option to identify the fundamental aspects that typifying the environmental impact in the production chain of some resources. At the same time, we present a research work in the production chain of the petroleum, and consider the production possible cycles as well, if these were implemented by “Inverse Logistic,” technical in the petroleum industry just as in the production of lubricant oil. The correspond work have been performed in four cities of the Peru such as: Lima, Juliaca, Puno and Arequipa, where have been visited different public and privates organizations, which are linked with the petroleum derivatives. In this places were observed that generating companies of the wastes do not take awareness neither are responsible by the final destine of these merely because the legal mark is very few knowing just as it is incipient. The human kind should understand the God purpose from the creation up to today is the same, and looking the future without forgetting that he is part of God creation must reconcile the rest of the creation with Him.

Investigación en materiales, industria y compromiso socioambiental en el CIFICEN

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Somoza, Alberto Horacio

2016-01-01

El Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIFICEN) es una Unidad Ejecutora de triple dependencia (UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET) y en su seno alberga investigaciones en física, fisicoquímica y química básica, del medio ambiente y de la ingeniería. Una de las líneas de trabajo está referida a la mitigación de emisiones contaminantes en la producción de cemento Portland y está explicada en esta producción especial para CIC: CIENCIA y TECNOLOGÍA....

Arte y marketing: Esfuerzos interdisciplinarios para una cultura de conciencia socio-ambiental

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Belis Paulino, Elisaul

2014-01-01

Partiendo de referencias teóricas de Baudrillard, Kosuth, Debord, Kotler, Armstrong, Hagtvedt y Patrick se analiza la situación de la sociedad de consumo actual, así como iniciativas realizadas para generar conciencia ambiental. Se plantea la oportunidad de sumar esfuerzos de disciplinas como el Arte y el Marketing con la finalidad de traer propuestas que contribuyan a comunicar temas socio-ambientales. Viéndose casos de artistas como Colbert y Jordan, y campañas de ma...

Implementação de um programa de responsabilidade social empresarial: um estudo de caso em uma pequena empresa industrial/ Implementation of a program of corporate social responsibility: a case study in a small industrial company

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Tássia Bastos Sobreira

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como o objetivo verificar se os indicadores do Instituto Ethos contribuem para analisar práticas sociais e desenvolver programas de responsabilidade social empresarial em empresas de pequeno porte. A estratégia de pesquisa escolhida foi o método de estudo de caso único em uma empresa do setor de tratamento térmico. Na coleta de dados utilizou-se um questionário de acordo com os parâmetros dos Indicadores do Instituto Ethos. Os resultados do programa mostrou que a utilização desses indicadores na avaliação das ações sociais serviu de parâmetro para uma empresa industrial de pequeno porte implementar um programa de responsabilidade social corporativa. Palavras-chave: Responsabilidade social empresarial; Indicadores socioambientais; Gestão socioambiental.

Sacroiliitis: imaging evaluation; Sacroiliite: avaliacao por imagem

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Montandon, Cristiano; Teixeira, Kim-Ir-Sen Santos [Clinicas da Imagem e Multimagem, Goiania, GO (Brazil); Costa, Marlos Augusto Bitencourt; Carvalho, Tarcisio Nunes; Montandon Junior, Marcelo Eustaquio [Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, GO (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina. Dept. de Diagnostico por Imagem]. E-mail: cmontandon@terra.com.br

2007-01-15

Sacroiliitis is a non-infectious inflammatory process involving the sacroiliac joint, and is a diagnostic criterion for seronegative spondyloarthropathies. Imaging methods are of great value for confirming the diagnosis of this condition. The present study is a review of cases included in didactic files and in the literature to illustrate the anatomy, techniques, and main imaging findings in x-ray, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for determining the diagnosis of sacroiliitis, also approaching main differential diagnoses. (author)

Conflitos socioambientais: o caso da carcinicultura no complexo estuarino Caravelas - Nova Viçosa/Bahia-Brasil

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Henrique Machado Dias

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa o contexto de um conflito socioambiental no município de Caravelas, extremo sul da Bahia/Brasil, a partir da proposta de implantação do que seria o maior empreendimento de produção de camarão exótico do país, em importante região socioeconômica e ambiental associada ao banco coralíneo dos Abrolhos. Parte do pressuposto de que a carência de políticas públicas definidoras dos parâmetros decisórios do financiamento de projetos de carcinicultura tem permitido que empreendimentos sejam implantados desequilibrando o meio ambiente, sem apontar alternativas produtivas sustentáveis, a partir da geração de trabalho e de produção de alimentos. A metodologia qualitativa adotou a observação participante e o trabalho de campo objetivando identificar os danos ambientais provenientes da carcinicultura e relacioná-los aos fatores que colaboram para perpetuação desses modelos predatórios e para constituição de movimentos de resistência, visando a identificar as potencialidades locais e os possíveis caminhos de uma gestão socioambiental sustentável.This article analyzes a socioenvironmental conflict in the municipality of Caravelas, Bahia / Brazil. The studied conflict emerged from the proposal for the establishment of what would become the largest shrimp farm in Brazil. The proposed area for the establishment of the shrimp farm was part of an important socioeconomic and environmental region associated to the Abrolhos Coral Reef Bank. It assumes that the lack of public policies that define the parameters of the decision-making for financing shrimp farming projects has allowed the establishment of shrimp farms along the Brazilian coast, without pointing sustainable productive alternatives, which consider the generation of employment and food production. The qualitative methodology adopted participant observation and fieldwork aiming to identify the environmental damage associated to shrimp farming and relate them

ANTECEDENTES Y CONSECUENCIAS DE LA DIGESTIÓN ANAEROBIA EN EL SECTOR AGROPECUARIO: ANÁLISIS DE CONTENIDO Y CLASIFICACIÓN

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Tatiana Tola Cisneros

2013-12-01

Full Text Available El trabajo revisa la literatura en torno a la influencia de la implementación del sistema de digestión anaerobia en el sector agropecuario (DA-SA. Se apoya en los principales aportes publicados en la última década al respecto de la digestión anaerobia en el sector agropecuario y se reconocen, explican y clasifican el conjunto de antecedentes y consecuencias de la identificación DA-SA. Esta revisión servirá a otros investigadores que necesiten conocer el estado y evolución de la investigación en torno a la digestión anaerobia en el sector agropecuario. Además las clasificaciones propuestas pueden servir de guía a los gestores que deseen desarrollar campañas de Marketing Socioambiental con el objetivo de generar un cambio de comportamiento ambiental.

currículo académico

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Róger Martínez Castillo

2006-01-01

Full Text Available El sistema de desarrollo socio-económico dominante, con sus políticas neoliberales y enfoques mercado-céntricos contribuyen a agravar los problemas socio-ambientales. No hay conciencia política de que el propio modelo de desarrollo vigente es el que genera la degradación socio-ambiental. Este tipo de temas no ha sido fácilmente comprendido o aceptado en el ámbito educativo formal, debido a la resistencia de la educación oficial para integrarlos en sus marcos académicos. Ante la crisis socio-económica y ambiental que vive nuestra sociedad, la educación ambiental representa una opción viable a la problemática general, para promover cambios sociales, nuevos conocimientos, permitir la participación ciudadana y un desarrollo sustentable, que estimulen una sociedad más justa, democrática y solidaria.

PERCEPÇÃO E RISCOS, ABORDAGEM SOCIOAMBIENTAL DO PROCESSO SAÚDE-DOENÇA

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Natacha Cíntia Regina Aleixo

2011-01-01

las personas, sobre todo preocupación, miedo e ira, que inducen a una postura individualista y frustada, en lugar de facilitar el intercambio de información en convivencia social y motivar conductas preventivas en la población.

PERCEPÇÃO DA QUALIDADE SOCIOAMBIENTAL DA ÁREA URBANA DE ITABAIANA/SE

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Clêane Oliveira dos Santos

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El principio rector de esta investigación se contextualiza la opinión de que la intensificación del desarrollo moderno en los problemas sociales causados en la ciudad del presente. La percepción del medio ambiente es el tema central de esta investigación en la ciudad de Itabaiana / SE, y como herramientas para la refl exión, la participación de los registros de observación de una red social, cultural y los aspectos ambientales, complementados por los cuestionarios desarrollados a la luz de un determinado marco teórico. Itabaiana se destaca en la región de transición de las zonas rurales Sergipe, parcialmente insertada en el polígono de la sequía. Analizando los resultados, la población bajo control es consciente de las consecuencias de un manejo inadecuado de los residuos sólidos con la degradación de la calidad de vida, disfrutar de las zonas boscosas y los vecindarios se sienten más molestos con el ruido y la contaminación del aire -- humo - que la contaminación del agua, con la presencia de aguas residuales y la basura expuesta.

Impacto socioambiental de la industria petrolera en Tabasco: el caso de la Chontalpa

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Manuel Jesús Pinkus Rendón

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación tiene el objetivo de valorar los impactos ambientales, económicos, sociales y políticos derivados de las actividades de Petróleos Mexicanos en cuatro poblaciones del estado de Tabasco. Se enmarca en la dinámica social comunitaria derivada de las actividades de la petrolera para conocer cómo afectan a los habitantes las relaciones con PEMEX y con los gobiernos locales. Partimos de la hipótesis de que el deterioro ambiental debe analizarse considerando las transformaciones que la política económica neoliberal está generando en el país, y en especial en el ámbito local, a partir de los años ochenta del siglo XX.

O equilibrio entre a atividade económica e a sustentabilidade socio-ambiental

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João Meirelles Filho

2004-11-01

Full Text Available El ecoturismo ha surgido a partir de las nuevas tendencias del mercado, el cual busca un espacio de reencuentro e interacción no sólo con la naturaleza sino también con las comunidades locales, como una experiencia integral que le permita alejarse de la cotidianidad y el estrés de las metrópolis. Sin embargo, aún es una actividad de pequeña escala en la economía brasileña, que requiere de una adecuada planificación y control. El autor hace una breve descripción del porqué del desarrollo actual de las actividades ecoturísticas para el disfrute y entretenimiento en los tiempos de ocio de las personas, haciendo referencia a las características y segmentación de la demanda y a la situación actual de esta actividad en Brasil.

De la comprensión a la aplicación del conocimiento en el diagnóstico ecológico

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Jaime Matus Parada

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Ante la actual crisis socioambiental, los centros de educación superior enfrentan la demanda del conocimiento aplicado en distintos campos. Este texto se refiere al campo de la Biología impartido en la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco (uam-x. El artículo explora el grado de relación que los conocimientos conceptuales pueden presentar con la capacidad de aplicación del conocimiento en un dominio cognitivo específico que posee una naturaleza procedimental, el diagnóstico ecológico. Salvo en los casos de los alumnos más aventajados, los resultados sugieren que los esquemas conceptuales que poseen los alumnos no son suficientes para garantizar un desempeño complejo como el que implica el diagnóstico ecológico. Este hallazgo se ve influido por la naturaleza del dominio cognitivo estudiado, caracterizado por una demanda conceptual relativamente moderada, pero también por un desempeño extremadamente amplio y complejo.

PROFESSORES POR MEIO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE AÇÕES PARA CONSERVAÇÃO DE NASCENTES URBANAS

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Catarina Teixeira

2015-01-01

Full Text Available La investigación tiene el objetivo de desarrollar untrabajo compartido con los profesores de educación básica acercade cuestiones socio-ambientales locales y analizar el proceso deinteracción, reflexión y elaboración por los sujetos participantes de lainvestigación, cuyo tema movilizador tuvo foco en la conservación yla preservación de nacientes. Los instrumentos de colección de datosfueron: audio-grabación de todos los encuentros, diario de campode la investigadora, cuestionarios abiertos y registros escritos por losprofesores. El análisis de los datos que partieron de los encuentrosse basó en la metodología del Análisis de Contenido. Observamosinteracción más grande entre los profesores con el tema de lainvestigación cuando ellos se apropiaron del tema y lo relacionaroncon la problemática socio-ambiental local.

Planes y proyectos para un desarrollo sustentable

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Mg. Arq. Jorge Montenegro

2014-12-01

Full Text Available La cátedra de Urbanismo I A de la Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, considera que es fundamental educar a los alumnos en la construcción de un pensamiento crítico reflexivo, sobre la base de teorías, modelos y metodologías preocupados por el desarrollo sustentable de nuestras ciudades. En este contexto, la cátedra promueve la construcción de una visión holística sobre la ciudad, abordando los contenidos, metodologías e instrumentación específca —planes maestros, proyectos urbanos— desde los enfoques tradicionales: físico–funcional y morfológico–perceptual, los que se complementan con una mirada socioambiental del fenómeno urbano. En este artículo presentamos una síntesis de la tarea académica que desarrollamos.

Discurso territorial y práctica sectorial de las políticas socioambientales: un análisis del ecoturismo

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Iris Josefina Liscovsky

2012-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se estudia el ecoturismo desde una perspectiva territorial como una política socioambiental promovida en el área rural. Se analiza el papel del ecoturismo en la escala local en las dos pesquerías que lo implementan en un área natural protegida. Usando medios de vida se aborda la complejidad territorial partiendo de los recursos con los que cuentan las familias, las influencias para movilizarlos y la estrategia familiar que se configura. Se emplean los talleres comunitarios participativos como técnica de recolección de datos recurriendo a la reflexión de los participantes. Los resultados muestran que el desconocimiento de las particularidades locales en la definición de las políticas y los aspectos coercitivos del área rural pueden influir en el éxito o fracaso del ecoturismo. Se dilucida la necesidad de generar programas de gobierno integrales.

Mostra fotográfica multimídia: espaços de aprendizagem inovadora em educação ambiental

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Clarissa Felkl Prevedello

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Este artigo se refere ao projeto de extensão Mostra Fotográfica Multimídia “Visitando a Cooperativa FRAGET-COOTAFRA”, idealizado pelo Núcleo de Gestão Ambiental Integrada da Reitoria do Instituto Federal Sul-rio-grandense. A proposta teve como objetivo de promover situações de aprendizagem inovadoras sobre a importância socioambiental das cooperativas de reciclagem.  A Mostra foi composta por imagens que retratam o dia a dia da Cooperativa, os processos por onde passa cada tipo de resíduo e as pessoas que lá trabalham e que tiram seu sustento da reciclagem. Registros de som do ambiente interno da Cooperativa também fizeram parte da Mostra, propondo maior ambientação dos visitantes ao tema das fotografias, juntamente com imagens registradas pelos próprios cooperativados, revelando seus pontos de vista sobre o trabalho que realizam.

Una mirada a la actividad minera en Guatemala desde la justicia ambiental

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Geisselle Sánchez Sánchez

2013-11-01

Full Text Available La actividad minera, a partir del caso de la mina Marlin, abre una discusión sobre su pertinencia en el contexto guatemalteco. Desde la perspectiva del Estado la actividad se considera un importante aporte a la economía del país y a las comunidades donde se ubica la explotación; sin embargo, la experiencia de Marlin ha sido un importante foco de conflictividad socioambiental, especialmente porque la actividad ha generado más problemas que soluciones. El presente artículo muestra cómo se distribuyen los costos y beneficios (derivados de la explotación de la mina Marlin entre la empresa, el Estado y las comunidades donde se establece la mina, utilizando para el análisis la perspectiva de la justicia ambiental. Se concluye que para que la empresa mantenga las ganancias actuales, debe trasladar los costos sociales, económicos y ambientales al país y a las comunidades locales. 

La geografía como disciplina integral: notas teóricas y empíricas

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Mauricio Herrera Rodríguez

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo responde al llamado a trascender las divisiones tradicionales entre Ciencias Sociales, Naturales y Humanidades y subraya cómo la Geografía ha internalizado muchos de los más recientes aportes teóricos y empíricos elaborados desde estas áreas, en un esfuerzo transdisciplinario por entender mejor la realidad socioambiental. Para darle coherencia teórica y relevancia práctica a este sincretismo intelectual, se propone un marco conceptual no reduccionista, elaborado por el geógrafo humanista Robert D. Sack (1997, 2003, 2010. Con el objetivo de ilustrar su pertinencia empírica, se discuten algunos paralelismos entre sus postulados y los propuestos por la "Evaluación de los ecosistemas del milenio" (2003 y por varios intelectuales destacados. Finalmente, se señala su potencial para responder constructivamente tanto al avasallador triunfalismo del mercado, como al relativismo desorientador y paralizante que con frecuencia domina nuestras discusiones públicas e intelectuales.

Heuristicas para avaliacao de interfaces de portais universitarios

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Pelogi, A.P.S.; van Amstel, Frederick; Barsottini, C.G.N.

2012-01-01

The Heuristic Evaluation method seems to be efficient to diagnose interface usability problems. The propose at this study is to determine whether specific heuristics for university portals are appropriate and contribute to a more specific evaluation of interface usability of the portal of the

MODOS DE SUBJETIVAÇÃO DE JOVENS EM UM TERRITÓRIO DE CONFLITO SOCIOAMBIENTAL

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Rafael Prosdocimi Bacelar

Full Text Available RESUMO A instalação de um grande empreendimento de mineração transformou a dinâmica social e ambiental na região próxima à Conceição do Mato Dentro, interior de Minas Gerais. A proposta extrativista alterou profundamente as relações históricas entre sujeitos, comunidades e territórios. A partir de uma pesquisa de orientação etnográfica analisamos como os jovens se subjetivam frente aos deslocamentos provocados na região. Os modos de subjetivação se constituem na configuração de formas de ser, sentir e agir frente às mudanças objetivas no território. Embora os jovens se queixem do empreendimento em razão dos problemas socioambientais causados, os mesmos reconhecem que a mineradora gerou o aumento de renda, a oferta de empregos e a promessa de desenvolvimento. Ao escutar as palavras dos jovens, vemos como eles são sujeitos que refletem e se posicionam frente aos conflitos em curso na região.

Contextos de cuidado à criança/adolescente com Diabetes Mellitus: uma abordagem socioambiental

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Stella Minasi de Oliveira

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: conocer los distintos entornos de cuidado al niño y el adolecente con Diabetes Mellitus (DM. Materiales y métodos: entrevista con 14 familiares en el periodo de marzo a diciembre del 2015, en Brasil y España. Se obtuvieron los datos por medio de entrevista y se analizaron por la codificación abierta, axial y selectiva. Resultados: se encontró que la familia subsidia el cuidado al niño y el adolecente con DM principalmente en el entorno domiciliar y escolar. La comunidad y servicios de salud fueron otros contextos referidos para el cuidado. Se destacaron el vínculo y apoyo recibidos en los servicios de salud. Se mencionaron el centro de salud, las unidades básicas, el hospital y los servicios privados como contextos en los que se realizan exámenes y citas médicas con especialistas, además de realizar el control de la glicemia y el examen periódico de los pies. Los niños y adolescentes en general son hospitalizados en situaciones de emergencia. Conclusiones: se concluyó como medidas necesarias el acompañamiento, apoyo y seguimiento continuos del niño o adolecente con DM en los distintos entornos en que transita, pues estas influyen su vivir y pueden aportar a su salud.

Pensamento socioambiental e a economia ecológica: nova perspectiva para pensar a sociedade

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Clóvis Cavalcanti

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Ecological Economics represents an attempt to overcome the disciplinary narrowness of the traditional sciences dealing with society, the economy and nature. It adopts a transdisciplinary approach with an integrating view of ecological-economic problems, rejecting any dependence either on economics or ecology. The university possesses (unidimensional disciplines; the real world has concrete (multidimensional problems, as in the case of the socio-environmental ones. Disciplinary frontiers are arbitrary academic constructs. Ecological Economics directs its attention to that conflict. The conclusion cannot be otherwise: Ecological Economics does not constitute a branch of economics (nor is it of ecology. The enormity of the devastating impact of the human scale on the rest of the creation results from the fact that to grow means to use the environment: it involves environmental “opportunity costs”. However, the dominant view of economics (“conventional economics”, or the economic view of the economy ignores completely the dimension of the resources of nature in its model. The most it does is to imagine the environment as an appendix of economic activity (as environmental economics, or the economic view of the environment, offers us. To Ecological Economics what matters is to imagine the economy as an open subsystem inside the ecosystem. In this perspective, the idea of wealth creation does not exist. What happens is a transformation (metabolism of low-entropy into high-entropy matter and energy – as the inexorable laws of thermodynamics determine. This perspective represents the ecological view of the economy. In other words, it corresponds to the notion that there will be a maximum sustainable scale of the economic system in relation to nature. The question thus consists in finding the optimum scale of the economic macrosystem, which is nothing more than an open subsystem of the global, thermodynamically closed ecosystem. Nature limits cannot be surpassed by the economy, chiefly in terms of the observance of limitations resulting from the laws of thermodynamics. In the view of Ecological Economics, nature is the irreplaceable, single basic support of anything society can do. Such position corresponds to the rejection of the ruling paradigms that lead to a true worship of economic growth.

Formação de professores e cidadania: projetos escolares no estudo do ambiente Teacher education and citizenship: school projects in environmental studies

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Vânia Maria Nunes dos Santos

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Este texto pretende apresentar reflexões resultantes de um estudo de doutorado focado na análise, por meio da pesquisa-ação, de projetos escolares de educação ambiental desenvolvidos a partir da formação continuada de professores em exercício, e suas contribuições na constituição de novos conhecimentos e procedimentos didático-pedagógicos para o estudo do ambiente e o exercício da cidadania. Visando à construção do olhar geocientífico na escola, os projetos de educação ambiental utilizaram diferentes práticas de campo para o (reconhecimento do lugar de estudo associadas a recursos de sensoriamento remoto (imagens de satélite, fotos aéreas e mapas, objetivando a construção de uma visão integrada da realidade socioambiental a partir do estabelecimento de relações dialéticas entre o local e o global como suporte à análise de problemas, de suas repercussões e implicações em diferentes escalas de observação. O desenvolvimento dos projetos oportunizou a formação de professores-pesquisadores inovadores, críticos e reflexivos ante as realidades escolar e socioambiental. Além disso, propiciou aos alunos condições para observarem e conhecerem seu meio ambiente e o lugar em que vivem, refletirem sobre suas condições reais e, com base nesse processo, proporem ações e construir em intervenções educativas diante dos problemas estudados, em busca de soluções. Ao incorporar a questão socioambiental à prática pedagógica, os projetos escolares buscaram inserir a escola na realidade, contribuindo para a formação, por meio da aprendizagem social, de cidadãos críticos e participativos em ações conjuntas e colaborativas (escola, comunidade, poder público, visando ao desenvolvimento de políticas públicas democráticas e sustentáveis para a melhoria da qualidade de vida.This text seeks to present reflections resulting from a doctorate research focused on the analysis, through action-research, of school

Metodología para la construcción de indicadores ambientales para el monitoreo de puertos

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Osorio Arias 1 Andrés F.

2011-11-01

Full Text Available La actividad portuaria genera impactos negativos que deterioran la calidad ambiental en las zonas de influencia, conllevando con esto a un deterioro de la calidad de vida de las poblaciones humanas asentadas en los alrededores por exposición a la contaminación y por cambios en los hábitos de relacionamiento social y cultural. Esta es una propuesta dirigida hacia la construcción de la ruta metodológica para elaborar indicadores ambientales, con el fin de mejores monitoreos a la calidad ambiental en zonas portuarias y, además, apoyar la gestión de la autoridad ambiental en la toma de decisiones. La investigación se ha basado en la realidad actual del monitoreo portuario en Colombia, replicable a cualquier otro país para proponer nuevos indicadores de medición, basados en el contexto socioambiental que los rodea, en los diferentes componentes físico, biótico y social, de cara hacia el uso y aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales y del desarrollo sostenible.

Cooperación y conflicto entre empresas, comunidades, nuevos movimientos sociales y el papel del gobierno. El caso de cerro de San Pedro (México

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José G. Vargas-Hernández

2009-07-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las relaciones de cooperación y conflicto entre la Compañía Minera (MSX y las comunidades de San Pedro, Soledad y San Luis Potosí, los Nuevos Movimientos Sociales y los tres niveles de gobierno involucrados. La compañía Minera inició operaciones en una mina a cielo abierto de oro y plata con el apoyo de oficiales de los gobiernos locales, estatales y federal. Los habitantes de estas comunidades apoyados por grupos ambientalistas y Organizaciones No Gubernamentales argumentan que el proyecto contamina las fuentes de agua fresca, además de perturbar el medio ambiente y la ecología de la región. En tal sentido el artículo analiza el impacto, la interacción social y de conflicto entre los distintos actores desde una perspectiva local y socio-ambiental, previa contextualización histórica de subregión y el desarrollo de la industria minera.

Representações de ambiente e educação ambiental: implicações na práxis educativa de professores de ensino fundamental em Moju, PA, Brasil

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Manoel Francídio Mendes Pinho

2018-01-01

Full Text Available A Educação Ambiental (EA, afirmada em documentos e polticas educacionais, justifica-se por tratar questões ambien­tais como essenciais no espaço escolar e para a formação da cidadania socioambiental. Neste processo, o professor tem papel preponderante, visto que é ele quem media o processo educativo e possibilita a construção da aprendizagem entre os alunos. Este estudo investigou as Representações de Ambiente e EA de docentes em uma Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental do município de Moju-Pará, buscando discutir como estas representações se refletem em seu fazer pedagógico. A pesquisa qualitativa se carac­teriza como um Estudo de Caso, em que foram utilizados entrevista e questionários para coleta de dados. As categorias construídas foram baseadas na Análise de Conteúdo e destacaram as seguintes representações de ambiente: antropocêntrica, naturalista e globalizante, enquanto as representações de EA situaram-se nas perspectivas: preservacionista-conscientizadora, adestradora, instrutiva e transformadora.

Mobilidade socioeconômica no Brasil, padrão de consumo e conflitos socioambientais

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Fernando Sertã Meressi

Full Text Available Resumo A ampliação, verificada neste artigo, do número de brasileiros nas classes média e alta, proporcionada, em larga medida, por algumas importantes políticas públicas, produz reflexos na elevação do padrão de consumo. O incremento da renda também vem sendo observado em outros populosos países do Sul, o que acirra o conflito socioambiental entre ricos e pobres em escala mundial, dado o já ambientalmente insustentável padrão de vida vigente nos países do Norte e entre as elites econômicas do Sul. Quais populações deveriam arcar com os sacrifícios econômicos necessários à sustentabilidade do planeta? Quais questões são suscitadas por um processo de arrefecimento econômico que vise ao desenvolvimento sustentável, levando-se em conta um contexto de economia capitalista? Como as novas tecnologias se inserem nesse processo? Esses são os temas principais discutidos neste artigo.

La observación del problema ambiental en un contexto de diferenciación funcional

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Anahí Urquiza

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo es fruto de una investigación social cualitativa realizada el año 2014 en el marco del Núcleo Interdisciplinario de Estudios Socioambientales de la Universidad de Chile (NIES y con el apo yo del Centro de Ciencia del Clima y Resiliencia (CR2. La investigación se centra en el problema ambiental desde tres ámbitos sociales: público, privado y conocimiento experto. El estudio identificó la existencia de tres tipos de obstáculos que dificultar ían el diálogo entre los actores que son parte de la discusión, así como el tratamiento del problema socioambiental, estos son: obstáculos a nivel de institucionalidad y normativa vigente; obstáculos a nivel del actuar y de las relaciones entre los actores ; y obstáculos que se presentan a nivel de los significados asignados al problema. En el presente artículo se abordan los últimos dos tipos de obstáculos desde una perspectiva sistémico constructivista.

Homo sapiens, Homo demens e Homo degradandis: a psiquê humana e a crise ambiental

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Alessandra Bortoni Ninis

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo discute a crise ambiental por meio de um diálogo entre a psicanálise, filosofia e ciências sociais. Busca-se introduzir um eixo comum de compreensão das relações entre a psiquê e a natureza, a partir de um texto reflexivo sobre a natureza humana, sua complexidade e suas sociopatias. A crise socioambiental em que vivemos é tratada a partir das seguintes proposições: (i a humanidade se distanciou da sua condição natural; (ii a humanidade pode estar psicologicamente doente; (iii a humanidade não está moralmente apta para delegar a superação da crise às futuras gerações, pois vivemos num simulacro que envolve consumismo e alienação. Conclui-se que há uma dimensão subjetiva na raiz da crise ambiental, de cuja análise depende a solução real do impasse civilizacional com o qual nos defrontamos.

Calcaneal tendon: imaging findings; Tendao calcaneo: avaliacao por imagem

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Montandon, Cristiano; Fonseca, Cristiano Rezio; Montandon Junior, Marcelo Eustaquio [Colegio Brasileiro de Radiologia e Diagnostico por Imagem, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)]. E-mail: crismontandon@hotmail.com; Lobo, Leonardo Valadares; Ribeiro, Flavia Aparecida de Souza; Teixeira, Kim-Ir-Sen Santos [Goias Univ., Goiania, GO (Brazil). Hospital de Clinicas. Dept. de Diagnostico por Imagem e Anatomia Patologica

2003-12-01

We reviewed the radiological and clinical features of 23 patients with calcaneal tendon diseases, who were submitted to ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. The objective of this study was to characterize the lesions for a precise diagnosis of calcaneal tendon injuries. A wide range of calcaneal tendon diseases include degenerative lesions, inflammation of the peritendinous tissue such as peritendinitis and bursitis, and rupture. Imaging methods are essential in the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of calcaneal tendon diseases. (author)

Avaliacao de projeto de promocao da saude para adolescentes

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Jovino Oliveira Ferreira

2013-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar programa de promoção de atividade física e de escolhas alimentares entre adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado com 911 adolescentes de 13 a 18 anos de idade, de escolas públicas de Goiânia, GO, em 2010. Os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos: intervenção (escolas participantes do Projeto Viver Saudável e controle. Foram considerados como atividade física: deslocamento, aulas de educação física na escola, atividade física fora da escola e no lazer. Foram definidos como ativos aqueles que acumularam 300 ou mais minutos por semana. Quanto às escolhas alimentares, foi classificado como adequado o consumo de alimentos protetores em cinco ou mais dias da semana. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas com teste de Qui-quadrado de Pearson. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos adolescentes foi identificada como inativos ou insuficientemente ativos, com 65,7% no grupo intervenção e 65,2% no grupo controle, sem diferenças significativas entre os grupos e com prevalência maior entre o sexo feminino. Pouco mais da metade dos adolescentes consumiam alimentos protetores da saúde em cinco ou mais dias da semana, sendo 56,6% e 50,4%, respectivamente, nos grupos intervenção e controle (p = 0,373. CONCLUSÕES: A ausência de diferenças quanto a escolhas alimentares e prática de atividade física entre os grupos intervenção e controle indica que o projeto Viver Saudável precisa ser reavaliado visando melhorar a efetividade no cumprimento dos seus objetivos.

Dinâmica socioambiental na Vila dos Pescadores (Amazônia Oriental, Pará, Brasil

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Luci Cajueiro Carneiro Pereira

2006-01-01

Full Text Available This study describes the social, economic and environmental aspects of a fishing community “Vila dos Pescadores” situated in the Caeté River Estuary, northeastern Pará (Brazil. The methodology adopted in this study was based on interviews, questionnaires and direct observations to characterize some social, economic and environmental aspects and on monitored of beach profile to know the local coastal dynamic. Results show that the majority of the interviewed are between 18-35 years (50.97%, are fishermen (62.13%, married (68.93%, with elementary school not completed (77.67%, live with the family (2-4 persons, 39.85% in their own houses (86.89% and earn monthly less than one salary (95.63%. The majority of the people has been living in the village for 10 years or more (42.71% and do not like their current social, economic and environmental situation. The village has someenvironmental problems such as coastal erosion and serious service and infrastructure problems (e.g. little or total absence of public transports, public telephones, garbage collectors, public illumination, drinking water, basic sanitary facilities, underdeveloped commercial area, sport area, health post, police post, car parking, lifeguard, school, among others. The absence of employment opportunities is another problem, being the fisheries the main source of income in the village. On the other hand, the exuberant nature, the equatorial weather, the tranquility and the large amount of fish are the main positive aspects according to the opinion of those interviewed.

Do lixão ao aterro: uma história socioambiental de Guarapuava/PR (1971-2011

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Vladson Paterneze Cunha

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Assuming that it is possible to historicize the trash and the social relations of which results, thus demonstrating their interrelations with other social, environmental, political and economic issues in capitalist societies, we seek to understand how public environmental policies were formed waste municipal solid in Guarapuava, the state of Paraná, between the years 1971 and 2011. Used as a historical source plans for waste management, laws, legislative debates in minutes, reports of municipal administration and local newspapers demonstrating how garbage has become a social, political and environmental problem requiring by representatives of the State appropriate solutions. Employing a theoretical and methodological framework based on historical materialism, we demonstrated that the garbage problem worsens in capitalist society due to increased production and consumption that disregards the negative effects of such practices for nature and society. Thus, the solutions to the problems related to garbage in urban areas are seen by a hegemonic techno-economic, whereby all problems are likely to be resolved aspect, just in case the waste, improve recycling systems or deploy a landfill health, this option adopted in Guarapuava.

Vulnerabilização socioambiental de comunidades tradicionais no Complexo Industrial Portuário de Suape

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Stevam Gabriel Alves

2016-08-01

Full Text Available In recent years, the works of expansion of Port Industrial Complex of Suape (Complexo Industrial Portuário de Suape - CIPS were responsible for a series of social and environmental injustices, which were manifested in a deep process of decharacterization of traditional communities located in the territory occupied by new industries. Those injustices have provided situations of socioenvironmental vulnerability through the productive activities of two major projects: The Abreu e Lima Refinery and the South Atlantic Shipyard. The aim of this article was to identify which socioenvironmental vulnerability processes are occurring in the communities of study Engenho Mercês and Ilha de Tatuoca , which were the locations chosen for construction of these companies. The methodological procedures used were: I field visits II semi-structured interviews; III theoretical saturation technique of data; IV bibliographic research; V photographic registry. As a result, the survey identified some situations of social and environmental vulnerability resulting from industrial activities, such as: water, noise and air pollution; reduction of natural resources and dispossession processes. It is concluded that the expansion of CIPS, through the arrival of new industries, is directly responsible for the process of vulnerability reaching residents of the communities studied, interfering directly in the relations between society and the environment.

Seismic evaluation of nuclear installations; Avaliacao sismica de instalacoes nucleares

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Mattar Neto, Miguel [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

1997-10-01

Some considerations regarding extreme external events, natural or man-induce, such as earthquakes, floods, air crashes, etc, shall be done for nuclear facilities to minimizing the potential impact of the installation on the public and the environment. In this paper the main aspects of the seismic evaluation of nuclear facilities (except the nuclear power reactors) will be presented based on different codes and standards. (author). 7 refs., 2 tabs.

Technical evaluation of thermodynamics processes; Avaliacao tecnica dos processos termodinamicos

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Petracco, Fulvio Celso

1986-05-01

An evaluation of thermodynamic processes, energy losses the origin of energy losses on thermodynamic process, where are the points or sources of those losses and variation of process when compared in relation of thermodynamic performance are discussed. The concept of energy losses and its origin, energy and work capacity, performance rates and examples of thermodynamic efficiency are also debated 3 figs.

Radiologic evaluation of facial injury; Avaliacao radiologica dos traumatismos faciais

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Souza, Ricardo Pires de; Volpato, Richard [Complexo Hospitalar Heliopolis, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Servico de Diagnostico por Imagem]. E-mail: richard_volpato@uol.com.br; Nascimento, Lia Paula [Complexo Hospitalar Heliopolis, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2003-03-01

A detailed radiological investigation of the maxillofacial injuries is essential to achieve good treatment results. The images should identify every lesion and guide the treatment, thus improving esthetic and functional results. With the aim of simplifying the diagnostic task, the face may be seen as a five regions structure that may suffer a regional fracture or combined fractures involving the adjacent regions. These regions represent areas of focus for pre surgical planning and are as follows: nasal, orbital, zygomatic, maxillary, and mandibular. In order to understand the injury mechanisms and their consequences it is useful to know the supporting buttresses, which are divided in five sagittal planes, three horizontal planes and two coronal planes. We reviewed the cases of patients with facial trauma treated at Complexo Hospitalar Heliopolis, Sao Paulo, Brazil. A review of the relevant issues concerning radiological investigation of these injuries is presented. This study allowed standardization and ordering of the radiological investigation in patients with facial trauma. (author)

An assessment of ninth round; Nona: uma avaliacao da rodada

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Assumpcao, Eduardo; Andrade, Leila; Fontana, Raphaela [Agencia Nacional do Petroleo, Gas Natural e Biocombustiveis (ANP), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2008-07-01

Accomplished on November, 27{sup th}, 2007, 271 exploratory blocks were offered in Round 9, distributed within 14 sectors, totalling an area of 73 thousand km{sup 2}. The following basins were included: Campos, Espirito Santo, Para- Maranhao, Parnaiba, Pernambuco-Paraiba, Potiguar, Santos, Reconcavo and Rio do Peixe. From the original lot of 67 companies qualified (31 Brazilian and 36 of foreign origin), 42 offered bids individually or in partnerships. 117 blocks were allocated to 24 winning operator companies. Other 12 enterprises won acreage as non-operator participants of joint bids. A record of R$ 2,1 billion were offered as signature bonuses along with 169.436 units of the so called minimum exploratory programs. These units may be converted to an estimated R$ 1,4 billion. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the results obtained in Round 9, analyzing collected data through three different perspectives of aggregate results: bidding companies, offered areas and exploratory models. (author)

Energetic evaluation: public schools sector; Avaliacao energetica: setor escolas publicas

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Jota, Patricia Romeiro da Silva; Ribeiro, Mariane Correa; Martins, Fernando Henrique Dias; Silva, Valeria R. Borges da [Centro Federal de Educacao Tecnologica de Minas Gerais (CEFET-MG), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisa em Energia Inteligente

2010-07-01

Energy consumption evaluation at schools is very important for school management. However, there is a great difference among consumption rates, and a simplified analysis would lead to wrong evaluation. It is not possible to analyze schools that have different number of students or different sizes, unless these variables are applied. This article proposes a methodology in order to develop a sector analysis taking into account operation features. A case study is presented to illustrate this methodology. (author)

La estrategia comunicacional en el sector mega-minero. Un estudio del caso La Alumbrera en Argentina

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Julieta Godfrid

2016-06-01

Full Text Available En los últimos años se produjo en la Argentina una rápida expansión de la mega-minería a cielo abierto, lo que vino acompañado de un creciente aumento de la conflictividad socio-ambiental que cuestiona en profundidad las consecuencias de la actividad extractiva. En este contexto, las múltiples críticas a la mega-minería deslegitimaron profundamente la imagen del sector y de las empresas que llevan adelante este tipo de actividad. A partir de allí, las corporaciones mega-mineras se vieron frente a la necesidad de construir una nueva estrategia comunicacional integral que les permitiera mejorar su imagen y construir consenso en torno a la actividad. El presente trabajo indaga en torno a las nuevas estrategias comunicacionales del sector mega-minero que se llevan a cabo bajo el paradigma de la Responsabilidad Social Empresaria y el “marketing experiencial”. Para ello se trabaja a partir del estudio de caso del emprendimiento mega-minero más antiguo del país, la empresa La Alumbrera (Provincia de Catamarca.

CRITERIOS E INDICADORES DE SOSTENIBILIDAD EN EL SUBSECTOR VIAL

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Martha Melizza Ordoñez Díaz

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Actualmente en Colombia el desempeño de un contratista de obra se determina de acuerdo con los avances y resultados obtenidos en la construcción de la misma, mas no por su desempeño ambiental; sin embargo, cualquier tipo de obra civil se puede llevar a cabo con mayor o menor complejidad, dependiendo de la disponibilidad de recursos naturales en la zona y la visión que tenga la comunidad sobre el proyecto, de tal forma que la inversión económica y el tiempo de ejecución no solo dependerá de las actividades y costos netos de las obras civiles sino, además, de factores ambientales y sociales propios del lugar de ejecución. Con esta revisión bibliográfica sobre indicadores y guías ambientales internacionales, se pretende incentivar la sostenibilidad como eje transversal de los proyectos viales en Colombia, fortalecer las medidas de manejo socioambiental y mejorar el seguimiento y evaluación de los proyectos viales en el marco del equilibrio social, ambiental y económico que impulsa el desarrollo sostenible

¿Cabría un desmarketing a la concepción del marketing verde actual? Una crítica a la teoría y la práctica del marketing verde

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Tatiana Tola Cisneros

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Este artículo examina el constructo del Marketing Verde o Green Marketing revisando literatura en torno a lo teorizado y practicado. El texto presenta en primer lugar una reflexión particular sobre los aportes e implicaciones más relevantes en relación al marketing verde y su posible necesidad de reenfocarse. Luego, una identificación general del consumidor verde y de su rol dentro del proceso de gestión ambiental. Finalmente, se ofrecen en este trabajo algunas consideraciones sobre la necesaria aplicación del correcto concepto de Green Marketing sostenible dentro de la sociedad. Esta revisión servirá a otros investigadores que necesiten conocer el estado de la investigación en torno al Green Marketing. Además, individuos y organizaciones podrán beneficiarse de las estrategias de marketing verde sostenible para desarrollar campañas de Marketing Socioambiental con miras a generar un verdadero cambio en la conducta ambiental, con una conciencia perpetua, inmutable y que se transmita como valor innegable de generación en generación.

Marketing verde e práticas socioambientais nas indústrias do Paraná

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Valéria Neder Lopes

2014-03-01

Full Text Available A preocupação das empresas com o meio ambiente e com todas as questões sociais envolvidas em seu processo tem se tornado uma constante nos últimos tempos. Devido a isso, estão surgindo novas formas de administrar os recursos disponíveis. Nesse contexto, enquadra-se o marketing verde que deve estar pautado em práticas ambientalmente corretas, com o intuito de gerar produtos e serviços mais sustentáveis, fortalecendo a imagem das empresas e diferenciando suas marcas no mercado. O intuito neste trabalho foi verificar se as grandes indústrias do Paraná estão se utilizando das práticas de marketing verde e se mantêm projetos de gestão socioambiental. Para atender a tais objetivos, elaborou-se uma pesquisa descritiva e quantitativa com 48 grandes empresas cadastradas na Federação das Indústrias do Paraná. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a maior parte das empresas possui departamento de marketing formalizado, mantém sistemas de gestão ambiental e utiliza moderadamente práticas de marketing verde.

El Compromiso de paisaje en las ciudades: Desafíos y Estrategias para la resistencia y la sostenibilidad para garantizar la perspectiva de los derechos

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Gabriela Fauth

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Con el tema “El compromiso con el paisaje en las ciudades: desafíos y estrategias de la resiliencia y de la sustentabilidad en la perspectiva de la garantía de derechos”, este trabajo pretende realizar un debate, según una lectura interdisciplinar, en torno a algunos paradigmas de la ciudad contemporánea, en el contexto del proceso de globalización y de los desafíos con la tutela urbano-ambiental, percibidas especialmente en el paisaje urbano. Siguiendo a la temática del evento “Participación, Democracia y Ciudadanía en la perspectiva del Derecho Iberoamericano”, el dialogo interdisciplinar sobre los conceptos interdisciplinares de la resiliencia y de la sustentabilidad y las estrategias metodológicas para el proyecto y el planeamiento urbano, buscamos subsidios para que las políticas públicas busquen un mejor desempeño socioambiental de las ciudades en la perspectiva de la garantía de derechos, corroborando con la democracia y ampliando el concepto de ciudadanía inherente a las luchas sociales actuales, teniendo como ejemplo el contexto brasileño y latinoamericano .

Fair Trade Practices in the Northwest Brazilian Amazon

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Rafael D’Almeida Martins

2011-10-01

Full Text Available This paper describes and analyzes the Arte Baniwa project, a sustainable development project based on the production and commercialization of Baniwa indigenous basketwork with the support of the Instituto Socioambiental (ISA, a major NGO in Brazil. The project seeks to enhance the value of the Baniwa basketmaking tradition, increase production within the limits of the sustainable use of natural resources, generate income for indigenous producers and their political associations, and train indigenous leadership in the skills of business management. The methodology encompasses a literature review on fair trade and builds upon ethnographic and participative research methods. The narrative and analysis of the case study comprise a framework that is two-fold: first, it looks at existing inter-organizational tiers between actors and identifies the presence of two different logics within the project; second, it encompasses the reality of many emerging fair trade initiatives in Brazil which harness market forces to pursue local sustainable development. The paper argues that ISA has acted as a boundary organization by communicating, translating and mediating between traditional (indigenous knowledge and Western culture. By doing so, it was able to mobilize the project’s capacity to promote sustainable development.

ESPAÇO PÚBLICO E EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: cidadania e participação política

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Valdemiro Severiano Filho

2016-08-01

La sociedad civil organizada, en el contexto histórico actual, presenta diversas formas de activismo social de bases locales. Estos movimientos sociales se organizan en redes de cooperación y de sociabilidad, lo que sugiere la participación política de las personas y el conocimiento de su importancia en el papel de construir y mantener un medio ambiente saludable. La ética ambiental parte de las prácticas cotidianas (micropolítica de los movimientos populares, en un activismo socioambiental, preocupados por el medio ambiente en lo espacio urbano. Y las plazas públicas, mientras bien de uso común de las personas y el lugar donde existe la presencia diaria de la comunidad, se convierte es el lugar, por excelencia, de la educación ambiental no formal. Los “Amigos do Santa” es, por tanto, uno de estos movimientos comunitarios, emergiendo como una fuerza asociativa, buscando a través de iniciativas socio ambiéntales, la promoción de la ciudadanía y el cooperativismo. Palabras clave: Educación Ambiental; Ciudadanía; Participación; Plaza Pública.

Modelo de intervención social y ambiente: el caso de algunos barrios antiguos de Xochimilco

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Mario del Roble Pensado Leglise

2011-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se examina el concepto de modelo de intervención social y su aplicación en la solución a problemas socioambientales a partir de las encuestas de opinión que se realizaron durante 2007 y 2008 en dos barrios de Xochimilco sobre la ejecución del programa "A no generar basura", dirigido a evitar la contaminación de los canales del lago; se concluye que los resultados fueron limitados dadas la persistencia de la contaminación por basura y aguas negras en los canales y la presencia de asentamientos irregulares en la zona chinampera. La hipótesis de trabajo, corroborada con instrumentos analíticos, plantea que una alternativa a esta deficiente instrumentación es el establecimiento de un proceso de intervención social basado en la educación ambiental, cuyo principal eje sea considerar que el problema es contrario a una buena calidad de vida del grupo social afectado. Con ello se activaría su participación para alcanzar una solución efectiva a dicha problemática socioambiental.

Las múltiples alteridades en el Desarrollo: más allá de la interculturalidad étnica

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Claudia Puerta Silva

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Los proyectos de desarrollo afectan las condiciones materiales y simbólicas de existencia, no solamente de los grupos étnicos sino de diversos colectivos sociales. El artículo identifica el desconocimiento normativo de las múltiples alteridades en el desarrollo, algunas de ellas en las márgenes de la “mismidad” occidental. Aunque se ha avanzado en la regulación de los derechos diferenciados étnicos, estos esencializan la etnicidad y no permiten que reivindicaciones de Otros sujetos encuentren trámite posible mediante los derechos a la participación y a la autonomía. Entendiendo los proyectos de desarrollo como espacios relacionales, en ellos la interculturalidad podría operar como régimen de alteridad —de modos de vida, identificaciones, espacios vitales, relaciones socioambientales, visiones del desarrollo—. Sin embargo, en su configuración actual, la interculturalidad se manifiesta como conflicto socioambiental y político y no como la posibilidad de reconocer al Otro y su alteridad. El artículo busca trascender la etnicidad en la conceptualización de la Otredad y la interculturalidad en el desarrollo.

Semiótica ambiental, y gestión comunitaria

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Bodil Andrade Frich

2006-06-01

Full Text Available El trabajo presenta los aspectos teóricos y metodológicos de un novedoso campo de investigación socioambiental: la semiótica ambiental. Para ello se recurre a un estudio de campo realizado en la comunidad de San pedro Cholula, Puebla, México. El trabajo revela diversos campos lingüísticos de tensión social y ambiental a los que se enfrenta esta comunidad semi urbana del Centro de México. Estos campos de tensión son propuestos a su vez como ejes de reflexión educativa para la animación de procesos autogestivos comunitarios.This paper describes the theoretical and methodological aspects of a newly developed socioenvironmental research field: environmental semiotics. It is based on a field research conducted in a community from central México, San Pedro Cholula, Puebla. The results demonstrate how this Mexican semi-urban community faces the diverse social and environmental tensions between different linguistic fields. These tension fields are as well proposed as axis for educative reflection to foster and promote community based on self-management processes.

Índices bióticos para avaliação da qualidade ambiental em trechos do rio Correntoso, Pantanal do Negro, Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil = Biotic indexes for the evaluation of environmental quality in stretches of the Correntoso river, Pantanal do Negro, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil

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Fábio Henrique da Silva

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo pesquisar a estrutura da comunidade de insetos aquaticos, utilizando esta comunidade como indicadora da qualidade ambiental de um trecho do rio Correntoso, Pantanal do Negro, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Foram realizadas seis campanhas de coleta em diferentes periodos sazonais: vazante, seca e cheia. Os organismos foram coletados utilizando rede D com malha de 300 ƒÝm eesforco amostral de cinco lances de rede nas raizes dos bancos de macrofitas. Foram comparados tres ambientes (aberto, intermediario e fechado, por juncao dos dados obtidos de seis sitios de coleta. Foi analisada a riqueza, abundancia absoluta e relativa das familias de insetos amostrados e a avaliacao da qualidade da agua usando o indiceBMWP, indice BMWP-ASPT, indice IBF e indice de diversidade de Shannon-Wienner, com log2. Foram registradas 60 familias pertencentes a 12 ordens da Classe Insecta, totalizando 19.773 individuos coletados. Entre os indices aplicados, o indice BMWP foi o que melhor representou as condicoes do ambiente estudado.This work aimed to research the aquatic insect community structure using this community as a bioindicator of the environmental quality in a stretch of the Correntoso river, in Pantanal do Negro, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Six collections were taken in different seasonal periods; ebb, dry and wet. The organisms were collected using a 300 ƒÝm mesh D net sweeping five times through the roots of macrophyte banks at each sample. Three environments were compared (open, intermediary, closed by adding the information from six collection sites. Family richness, absolute and relative abundance ofinsect samples and an evaluation of water quality were analyzed by using the BMWP index, BMWP-ASPT index, IBF index and Shannon diversity index, with log2. A total of 60 families from 12 orders of Insecta Class were recorded, totaling 19,773 individuals. Among the indexes applied, the BMWP index was the one that best

Naturaleza(s), poder, sujeto(s) en territorio Awá : Bios y Thanatos en el margen socio-ambiental

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Naizot, Anne-Lise

2011-01-01

La creación de espacios extractivos, tóxicos, y ecológicos en los territorios indígenas plantean una serie de interrogaciones para el futuro de esos territorios y el proyecto de autonomía territorial y política de los pueblos indígenas en América Latina y en el mundo. Esos espacios son, antes que todo, espacios sociales; son atravesados por relaciones de poder que definen fronteras móviles entre la vida y la muerte, la dominación y la autonomía, la inclusión y la exclusión. Este trabajo indag...

Tipología socio-ambiental de las ciudades medias de Brasil: aportes para un desarrollo urbano sostenible

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Fabio Angeoletto

2016-05-01

Full Text Available La urbanización global de los territorios, que es un fenómeno ecológico humano importante en curso, y cuyos impactos ambientales poseen niveles local, regional y mundial, presenta la característica notable de un crecimiento pronunciado de las ciudades pequeñas e intermedias, en las cuales la capacidad de planificación y gestión es usualmente ínfima, en comparación a las ciudades grandes. Es lo que se verifica en Brasil, donde las ciudades de tamaño medio, es decir, las que tienen poblaciones entre 100.000 y 500.000 habitantes están creciendo más rápidamente que las grandes ciudades, desde mediados de la década de 1990. El artículo tiene como objetivo trazar una tipología de las ciudades medias brasileñas por medio de análisis estadísticos multivariados. La tipología resultante señala dos tipos de ciudades, con demandas sociales, ambientales y de gestión diferentes. Algunas de estas ciudades se encuentran en hotspots de biodiversidad. En paralelo, hemos recopilado estadísticas sobre la gestión ambiental en marcha en estas ciudades. Nuestros resultados demuestran una baja efectividad de las acciones de gestión ambiental en estos municipios.

Parque Verde Urbano como espaço de desenvolvimento psicossocial e sensibilização socioambiental = Urban Green Park as psychosocial development space and socioenvironmental awareness = Parque Verde Urbano como espacio de desarrollo psicosocial y sensibilización socioambiental

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Sousa, Adria de Lima

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Os parques verdes em grandes metrópoles têm sido identificados como espaços que promovem o bem-estar físico e mental, tendo em vista suas características que permitem ao visitante o contato com a natureza mesmo vivendo em um ambiente urbano. Esse estudo desenvolvido com visitantes de um Parque Verde Urbano (PVU na cidade de Manaus- AM, investigou as motivações presentes na escolha da visitação desse espaço e os tipos de sentimentos ativados no contato com a natureza. Participaram da pesquisa 140 visitantes adultos (M=59 e F=81 a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória com aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas durante sua visita ao PVU. Os resultados evidenciam que, além dos benefícios psicossociais proporcionados por esses ambientes identificados como restauradores, os visitantes vivenciaram sentimentos de valorização da natureza, despertando assim, maior sensibilização para a proteção e cuidado ambiental

Computing system of staff evaluation; Sistema informatizado de avaliacao de pessoal

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Lopes, Marcelo Garcez; Aguiar, Joao Eugenio Lopes [TRANSPETRO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2008-07-01

Accidents with lost time: using a different concept to deal with safety, focusing directly on the behavior of the worker, leading the worker to a shaper perception of the risks and thus enabling a change of behavior towards a safer attitude. 'Sounds and Links' Project: the programmatic content was made through musical dynamics because music has the power to evoke feelings, stimulating the participants to live intra personal and interpersonal relationships in order to promote safe behaviors. The methodology used was: 'Andragogic (adult education) Model'; multi discipline language; Methodology of 'experiencing and living'; and Focus on the day-to-day situations of work and life. The project was applied to four groups with 60 people, consisting of employees from TRANSPETRO and its contractors, other group with 60 people, composed by leaders, and one group with all participants of the five groups for the general closing session. Expecting Results and consequence of the Project: to turn the concept of safety into a real value to the worker; to preserve the integrity and to value the life; pursuit a lasting and stable changing of behavior, with culture base on safety; and to support the management safety system and reduction of the accidents. (author)

Avaliacao da gestao ambiental dos hoteis de selva na Amazonia, Brasil

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Gomes de Moraes, Adriana

2008-10-01

Full Text Available In the challenge of desvelar of that it forms the hoteleiros enterprises they manage its ambient action without causing great impacts in one of biggest ecosystems of the world, the Amazonian forest, was tried to know in this research the forms of ambient management of the located hotels of forest in the legal Amazônia. The norteadora question of the research was to know that type of ambient management is made by the hotels of selva?Foi used as instrument of collection of data the questionnaire, that if subdividiui in four great subjects to be searched. The first one was relative questions to the planning of the place, according to to the profile of the customer, third to the room and the relative questions architecture the building subject relative questions to the energy resources and infrastructure of the public services. As result of this analysis was concluded that two of three hotels searched are practising management ambient of form less impactante, since type of construction adopted until services offered to guests, or either shows objective that its hotel is coadjuvante for customer that visits this type of place, that stops it does not import luxury, comfort and amenities, more yes contact with the fauna and flora and way of life of the natives.

Imaging assessment of osteitis pubis; Avaliacao por imagem da osteite pubica

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Lopes, Alexia Abuhid; Ferreira, Ana Paula Alves; Leite, Ana Rachel Albuquerque de Moura; Guido, Daniela Araujo; Rodrigues, Rogeria Nobre [Axial Centro de Imagem, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil)]. E-mail: ce@cidbh.com.br; Araujo, Rodrigo Otavio Dias [Minas Tenis Clube, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Lasmar, Rodrigo Campos Pace [Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil). Curso de Fisioterapia

2005-10-15

Objective: to assess the physiopathological aspects of osteitis pubis and the findings seen on imaging methods, emphasizing the usefulness of Flamingo view radiographs and the diagnostic aspects of Magnetic resonance images. Material and Method: magnetic resonance images of ten patients (eight of them professional athletes) referring symptoms in the inguinal regional were retrospectively evaluated. For some of these patients Flaming view radiographs were performed. Results: in all studied patients magnetic resonance imaging was the only diagnostic method capable of showing the different phases os osteitis pubis, from acute cases with pubic bone marrow edematous changes to chronic cases with involvement of other pelvic joints. Flamingo view radiographs were performed in six patients and three of them were diagnosed with vertical pubis symphyseal instability greater than 2 mm of vertical displacement. This diagnosis was confirmed by instability tests using orthopedic manoeuvres. Conclusion: magnetic resonance imaging was the most helpful method for the diagnosis of different phases of osteitis pubis whereas conventional X-ray was inconclusive in the initial phases. Flamingo view radiographs were extremely important to show vertical instability of the pubic symphysis, which in combination with osteitis pubis can be the cause of failure of nonoperative treatment. (author)

Mudanças climáticas, riscos e adaptação na megacidade de São Paulo, Brasil

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Gabriela Marques Di Giulio

2017-09-01

Full Text Available O artigo discute resultados de uma pesquisa sobre a experiência em curso da megacidade de São Paulo relacionada a questões climáticas. Dialogando com a literatura e tendo como base estudo realizado entre 2014 e 2015, reflete sobre o papel do poder local no processo de buscar sinergias entre adaptação, mitigação e desenvolvimento por meio da experimentação. Os autores discutem ações implementadas em São Paulo com potencial para responder aos desafios climáticos, com foco nas intervenções que não estão diretamente associadas ao discurso climático. Exemplos dessas intervenções são as propostas do Plano Diretor e ações de mobilidade urbana adotadas na gestão municipal (2013-2016. Esses projetos e a adoção de uma agenda socioambiental podem se constituir como respostas às mudanças climáticas, promovendo sinergias entre adaptação e mitigação. Os autores concluem o artigo sinalizando desafios para a adaptação na capital paulista, considerando suas especificidades e complexidades nos planos econômico/político/social.

Os desastres podem até cair dos céus... Mas a culpa não é de Deus

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Josué Petrônio Quirino de Oliveira

2014-12-01

Full Text Available O propósito desta pesquisa é apresentar uma reflexão sobre o descaso em que a politica de enfrentamento aos desastres naturais vem sendo abordada no Brasil nos últimos 100 anos.  Com uma população cada vez mais urbana as cidades passam a ser o centro não só do poder econômico e político, mas também dos mais diversos eventos decorrentes das mudanças climáticas. Uma série de problemas agrava essa urbanização vulnerável e desencadeiam uma crise socioambiental determinada por fatores sociais, políticos, econômicos, tecnológicos, culturais e ecológicos que, de forma integrada, provocam consequências devastadoras. Inundações, deslizamentos, ciclones, incêndios florestais, enxurradas, estiagens, enchentes, secas e terremotos provocam impactos inesperados e pressionam ainda mais este quadro urbano complexo a uma dinâmica preocupante. O desastre não são as principais ameaças, mas a incapacidade de planejamento e enfrentamento na gestão dos desastres demostraram o descaso com a questão foi tratado no país ao longo de décadas.

AVALIAÇÃO INTEGRADA DE INDICADORES SOCIOAMBIENTAIS EM MUNICÍPIOS CATARINENSES

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Adriana Marques Rossetto

2008-09-01

Full Text Available A grave crise ambiental, associada aos imensos problemas sociais vivenciados mundialmente, tem demandado atenção dos mais diversos setores da sociedade e, em especial, dos responsáveis pela formulação e implementação das políticas públicas. Utilizando este enfoque, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo a avaliação da sustentabilidade socioambiental em escala regional, através da análise integrada de indicadores, visando fornecer subsídios ao planejamento e à gestão urbano-regional. O estudo foi direcionado para a realidade do litoral norte - catarinense, delimitado pela observação dos municípios pertencentes à Região da Foz do Rio Itajaí - AMFRI. A pesquisa, de natureza aplicada, utilizou uma abordagem predominantemente qualitativa. Como resultados, ficaram definidos dois instrumentos importantes para a gestão e o planejamento urbano e regional: um sistema de indicadores socioambientais e uma avaliação destes indicadores de desempenho que, além de qualificar a gestão da região, poderá se transformar em um importante instrumento para a participação popular neste processo.

BENEFÍCIOS DA IMPLANTAÇÃO DO SISTEMA DE GESTÃO AMBIENTAL NA INDÚSTRIA

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Roberto Naime

2010-08-01

Full Text Available A preocupação com a preservação ambiental é relativamente recente na história das sociedades humanas, tendo nascido do grande desenvolvimento, com paralela produção de impactos ambientais decorrentes da aceleração do processo industrial. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo de caso de implantação de um sistema de Gestão Ambiental em uma empresa do setor automotivo. Sistematiza questões referentes à metodologia de implantação e em relação aos benefícios produzidos na produção em função do SGA. Aborda também as melhorias de qualidade de vida obtidas por funcionários e colaboradores. E finaliza qualificando os ganhos com a percepção da comunidade sobre a nova visão socioambiental que a empresa assume a partir da implantação de um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental. O trabalho objetiva estimular a reflexão de outras empresas e organizações sobre as vantagens globais da implantação de Sistemas de Gestão Ambiental. Palavras-chave: Gestão. Meio ambiente. Sistemas.

Ambientalismo, Organizações Não Governamentais e a busca pela sustentabilidade no Turismo

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Andrea Rabinovici

2011-05-01

Full Text Available

Discute-se os conceitos de participação e sustentabilidade aplicados por ONGs atuantes na atividade turística, o histórico deste debate e de suas práticas no Brasil. Discorre-se sobre as influências das ONGs ambientalistas para a sustentabilidade (ou não do turismo e os conflitos sociais decorrentes de suas atividades nas localidades onde atuam. O texto deriva de tese de doutorado e se utiliza das conclusões dela, tiradas dos dados (entrevistas semi-estruturadas, observação direta de atividades, fontes bibliográficas e documentais coletados de nove ONGs estudadas. Parte-se da hipótese de que o ambientalismo, através das variadas ONGs, investe no diálogo e nas articulações com atores diferenciados e por isso influencia fortemente o debate local sobre sustentabilidade socioambiental. Essa influência pode gerar novas desigualdades, enclaves e conflitos regionais, bem como novos graus de participação, empoderamento e reflexão dos atores sociais envolvidos.

Pescadoras: subordinação de gênero e empoderamento

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Maria Cristina Maneschy

2012-09-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-026X2012000300007 Cresce o número de estudos abordando o setor pesqueiro sob uma perspectiva degênero, indicando que esse é fundamental para se entender como mulheres e homens participamda pesca e vivenciam os riscos ligados às recentes mudanças do setor. Contudo, políticassetoriais ainda têm dificuldade em incorporar a dimensão de gênero. Este texto evidencia doisargumentos principais. Primeiro, o silêncio sobre a questão feminina articula-se à situação devulnerabilidade, característica de grande parte das comunidades pesqueiras, em países no“norte” e no “sul”. Segundo, movimentos de mulheres pescadoras têm contribuído para questionaro status quo e inscrevê-las em políticas de empoderamento, sobretudo no que toca a espaçose direitos sociais. Ao mesmo tempo, esses movimentos buscam recuperar a capacidade quesistemas locais comunitários de gestão de recursos naturais têm demonstrado de adaptação àcomplexidade socioambiental e de respeito ao protagonismo feminino. O processo deempoderamento não é linear, mas complexo e marcado por contradições.

El desempeño económico financiero y responsabilidad social corporativa Petrobrás versus Repsol

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Miguel Lopes de Oliveira Filho

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Los cambios en el ambiente institucional, como resultado del proceso de integración de los mercados y las consecuentes alteraciones en el comportamiento de los stakeholders, son uno de los más importantes vectores de cambios en las conductas de las empresas. En ese contexto, además de sus rentabilidades, esas empresas se preocupan por sus actitudes en los factores sociales y ambientales. Así, la responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC es vista como una estrategia más para mantener o aumentar su rentabilidad y potenciar el desarrollo empresarial. La finalidad principal de este estudio es la verificación de la relación existente entre la responsabilidad social y el desempeño económico-financiero de dos empresas dedicadas al negocio del petróleo, gas y biocombustibles. La investigación se basa en una comparación de las prácticas socioambientales desarrolladas por Petrobrás, S.A. (Brasil y Repsol, S.A. (España. Con objetivo de comprobar la relación entre el desempeño socioambiental y el económicofinanciero se ha llevado a cabo un análisis de regresión lineal.

Análisis de beneficios socio-ambientales por la implementación de estrategias de producción más limpias en el sector agropecuario de la cuenca media del río Chinchiná, Colombia

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Gloria Yaneth Flórez Yepes

2014-09-01

Full Text Available En el sector agropecuario de la cuenca media del río Chinchiná, Colombia, en 2012 y 2013 se evaluaron los beneficios socio-ambientales generados por la implementación de estrategias de producción más limpia en el sector agropecuario. La metodología incluyó la recolección de datos de campo desde entrevistas y diálogos semi-estruturados, procesamiento y análisis de datos a partir de la adaptación de matrices y construcción de diagrama de redes, evaluación de los beneficios con determinación de la significancia socio-ambiental a través de la adaptación de la metodología de Leopold con el uso de parámetros de magnitud e importancia. Los resultados mostraron que las estrategias para el estudio de producción más limpia implementadas en las fincas localizadas en la zona permitieron identificar y categorizar estrategias de conservación, reducción o eliminación, siendo posible evaluar los beneficios socio-ambientales correspondientes, a partir de la determinación de los beneficios primarios, secundarios y terciarios relacionados tanto con los beneficios que prestan los ecosistemas como los sociales que se generan.

Avaliação da resiliência do sistema socioecológico de médias e grandes propriedades rurais de Cotriguaçu (MT, Brasil

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Paula Bernasconi

2016-11-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo é entender a dinâmica do sistema de médias e grandes propriedades rurais em Cotriguaçu, Mato Grosso, e discutir sua resiliência como um sistema socioecológico complexo. Para isso, foi realizada uma análise do histórico do sistema focal, a caracterização de atributos, variáveis-chave e fatores desencadeantes, análise de sua panarquia envolvendo sistemas em outras escalas, e o desenvolvimento de cenários futuros. A metodologia envolveu levantamentos participativos, entrevistas e avaliação por especialistas. A conclusão e discussão final do estudo focaram na análise da resiliência do sistema e na aplicabilidade da ferramenta de avaliação da resiliência para pesquisa e gestão socioambiental na Amazônia. Entre outros aspectos, a discussão ressalta a importância do desenvolvimento de políticas públicas e gestão com foco em uma abordagem adaptativa e não em soluções que fatalmente serão temporárias e sujeitas a mudanças e problemas futuros.

CONSUMO COLABORATIVO: TENDÊNCIA DE CONSTRUÇÃO DE CONHECIMENTO E NEGÓCIOS NO MERCADO DIGITAL DE PRODUTOS USADOS

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Claudia Resem Paixão

2015-12-01

Full Text Available No contexto da economia criativa, o consumo colaborativo é crescente e impulsionado pela interação coletiva, especialmente, no ambiente virtual do mercado contemporâneo. Neste estudo, um website brasileiro de compra e venda de produtos usados ou de “segunda mão” (enjoei.com.br é indicado como exemplo de ambiente colaborativo e promotor de conhecimento, comunicação e negócios de e-commerce. O problema de pesquisa decorreu da necessidade de identificação de tendências decorrentes das interações atuais entre mercado digital de produtos usados, consumo colaborativo, conhecimento e responsabilidade socioambiental. Pois, isso implica em questões de consumo e sustentabilidade ligadas à gestão de produtos e de negócios, relacionando áreas como Tecnologia, Conhecimento, Design e Marketing. Pois, a comercialização de produtos usados e sua reutilização são partes de uma tendência de consumo colaborativo amplamente disseminada na rede Internet. Os resultados apresentados são descrições, argumentos e considerações decorrentes do trabalho de pesquisa exploratório-descritiva sobre um fenômeno de consumo colaborativo, como tendência no mercado brasileiro.

Sustentabilidade e Territorialidade: fios que tecem a luta e a resistência das mulheres camponesas

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Debir Soares Gomes

2014-09-01

Full Text Available O artigo é delineado a partir da análise de uma pesquisa realizada com base em estudo de caso no contexto dos percursos alcançados por ações de mulheres no assentamento Maceió, situado no município de Itapipoca, no Ceará. Trabalhando com as relações sociais e as estratégias de reprodução das mulheres rendeiras e camponesas, as categorias sustentabilidade e territorialidade vão sendo operadas para a compreensão de suas práticas e visões de mundo. Organizadas coletivamente, as mulheres produzem um valor material, mas principalmente, simbólico, ao relacionarem seu trabalho artesanal com a territorialização e a sustentabilidade socioambiental do assentamento. Por meio de suas formas de inserção nos espaços de poder e de produção constituem novas identidades, promovem a participação e o autorreconhecimento no uso e ocupação da praia e do mar, na organização do assentamento, nos grupos de extração e beneficiamento de algas marinhas e nas lutas que envolvem a construção de territorialidades.

ANÁLISE SOCIOAMBIENTAL DAS TRANSFORMAÇÕES DA PAISAGEM A PARTIR DA EXPLORAÇÃO DE RECURSOS MINERAIS

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Polliana Bezerra Oliveira

2014-10-01

Full Text Available A compreensão do espaço geográfico segundo os aspectos social e natural desafia as pesquisas e de igual modo valoriza a Geografia na medida em que o avanço do sistema econômico capitalista traz consigo mudanças nas relações sociais, ambientais, políticas e científicas influenciando a reorganização do espaço. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo busca estabelecer uma discussão acerca das transformações na paisagem a partir de empreendimentos mineradores e como esta exploração reflete na materialidade das questões socioambientais da contemporaneidade. Uma discussão que tem como elemento central a explotação de Urânio no Município de Caetité (BA implementada pelas Indústrias Nucleares do Brasil (INB, empresa mista, vinculada à Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN e subordinada ao Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia encarregada, de promover, no país, a exploração do Urânio, da mineração à fabricação do combustível que gera energia elétrica nas usinas nucleares.

Permacultura e desenvolvimento urbano:diretrizes e ações para a sustentabilidade socioambiental em loteamentos de interesse social.

OpenAIRE

Barros, Bruna Rosa de

2008-01-01

As a result of the industrialization process, the environment has been degraded both because of the great use of natural resources and energy, growth of the cities, and the difficulty in maintaining a balance between use and planet capacity. However, cities should create conditions to ensure urban and environmental quality standards capable of universalizing, and preventively act to avoid continuation in the current degradation trend. Therefore, it is important to incorporate t...

Enfermagem e saúde ambiental na escola Enfermeria y salud ambiental en la escuela Nursing and environmental health in schools

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Eveline Pinheiro Beserra

2012-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever e analisar os significados atribuídos por um grupo de adolescente à saúde ambiental. MÉTODOS: Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, descritivo, exploratório, que utilizou a pesquisa-ação em uma escola pública do interior do Ceará, que se encontra nas proximidades da construção de uma usina termoelétrica a carvão mineral. Foram utilizados a observação livre, o diário de campo e a abordagem grupal, esta por meio da técnica do desenho história com tema, tendo como eixo norteador a questão: O que você entende como saúde ambiental? RESULTADOS: Emergiram discussões a respeito da interferência do homem na natureza, malefícios das fábricas, desenvolvimento sustentável e risco da poluição na comunidade. CONCLUSÃO: Constatou-se que o enfermeiro pode ser um educador ambiental e atuar nesse espaço, favorecendo momentos de reflexão sobre ações comprometidas com o lócus socioambiental.OBJETIVO: Describir y analizar los significados atribuídos por un grupo de adolescentes a la salud ambiental. MÉTODOS: Estudio con abordaje cualitativo, descriptivo, exploratorio, en el que se usó la investigación acción en una Escuela pública del interior de Ceará, ubicada en las proximidades de la construcción de una usina termoeléctrica a carbón mineral. Fueron utilizados la observación libre, el diario de campo y el abordaje grupal, esta última por medio de la técnica del dibujo de una historia con tema, teniendo como eje norteador la pregunta: ¿Qué entiende ud.como salud ambiental? RESULTADOS: Emergieron discusiones respecto a la interferencia del hombre en la naturaleza, daño de las fábricas, desarrollo sustentable y riesgo de contaminación en la comunidad. CONCLUSIÓN: Se constató que el enfermero puede ser un educador ambiental y actuar en ese espacio, favoreciendo momentos de reflexión sobre acciones comprometidas con el locus socioambiental.OBJECTIVE: To describe and analyze the meanings attributed by

Ambiente Urbano: lugar de restrição espacial e descoberta de novos espaços Urban Environment: a place of space restriction and discovery of new spaces

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Patrícia de Góes Cruz

2011-09-01

Full Text Available O desenvolvimento infantil está atrelado a fatores ambientais, sociais e culturais com os quais as crianças se relacionam em sua vivência diária. A criança inicia sua relação com o ambiente por meio da exploração do corpo, interagindo com o ambiente, modificando-se e adaptando-se a este de acordo com suas necessidades, o que favorece o desenvolvimento de sua identidade social. Este trabalho teve como foco principal compreender o ambiente físico e social vivido pela criança num lugar de degradação ambiental e restrição espacial para suas atividades sociais. A abordagem utilizada foi a pesquisa qualitativa, com técnica de análise de conteúdo. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 20 mães e responsáveis por crianças de seis a dez anos de idade, e também um grupo operativo com estas. Os resultados desse estudo indicaram que, num ambiente com restrição espacial e vulnerabilidade socioambiental, as crianças crescem vivenciando riscos constantes, sejam eles psicossociais ou físicos. Por outro lado, essas crianças desenvolvem habilidades de negociação coletiva e plasticidade de uso social do espaço de forma significante. Compreende-se, portanto, que apesar de todo o contexto denso e de vulnerabilidade socioambiental vivenciado no cotidiano da localidade pelas crianças, estas incorporam cognitivamente e afetivamente experiências que lhes permitem aprender a lidar com as adversidades encontradas no dia a dia.Child growth is linked to environmental, social and cultural factors to which children relate in their daily experience. Children begin their relationship with the environment through the exploration of their body, interacting with the environment, changing and adapting themselves to it according to their needs, and this favors the development of their social identity. This work focused on understanding the social and physical environment experienced by children in a place of environmental degradation and

Heavy and viscous oil evaluation in a deep water environment: an integrated evaluation process; Avaliacao de oleo pesado e viscoso em aguas profundas: um processo integrado de avaliacao

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barreto, Wesley S.; Armacanqui, Gina [Schlumberger, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (United States)

2004-07-01

There are many challenges related to heavy and viscous oil reserves evaluation. When this includes a deep-water offshore environment the challenges, including safety issues, increase in complexity. In this paper we share some experiences obtained during the preparation and execution of heavy oil evaluation activities. The process uses the petrophysical and fluid characterization preliminary results obtained during the logging phase as well as prior information from correlation field/wells in order to design the appropriate ESP configuration and location in the DST string as well as the sampler location which should allow monophasic sampling. During the operation a real time interpretation is performed validating the data obtained and sensitizing parameters such as pump frequency, bubble point pressure, GOR and viscosities, allowing the diagnostic of the operation and consequent appropriated flow conditions in order to provide a optimum picture supporting decisions regarding sampling time and other specific evaluation objectives. The examples presented illustrate the methodology proposed of integrated evaluation applied to heavy oil and its benefits. (author)

LUCRO, VALOR CONTABIL E DIVIDENDOS NA AVALIAcAO DO PATRIMÔNIO LIQUIDO

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James A. Ohlson

2009-09-01

Full Text Available A contabilidade atribui uma importante função integrativa a demonstração das mutações do patrimônio liquido. A demonstração inclui os itens mais importantes do balanço o e da demonstração de resultado do exercício - o valor do patrimônio liquido e o lucro - e sua forma de apresentação exige que a alteração no valor do patrimônio liquido seja igual ao lucro menos os dividendos (líquidos das contribuições para aumento de capital. Referimo-nos a essa relação corno sendo a “relação de lucro limpo", pois, da forma como foi articulada, todas as alterações nos ativos e passivos que não estejam relacionadas com os dividendos devem passar pela demonstração de resultado do exercício. A teoria da contabilidade adota geralmente esse esquema sem relacioná-lo a perspectiva do usuário dos dados contábeis. Contudo, a idéia fundamental de que estoques (líquidos de valor são compatíveis com a criação c distribuição de valor levanta uma questão básica no contexto de avalia4ao do patrimônio liquido: e possível delinear urna teoria coesiva do valor de uma firma sustentada pela relação de lucro limpo, no intuito de se identificar um papel claro para cada uma das três variáveis, quais sejam: o lucro, o valor contábil do patrimônio liquido e os dividendos?

LNG businesses evaluation: strategic positioning; Avaliacao de negocios de GNL: posicionamento estrategico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Toste, Ana Cristina Leitao Goncalves; Frozza, Eduardo [PETROBRAS S.A., Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2008-07-01

Given the global development of the LNG industry and the changes it has suffered along the recent years, companies must evaluate how they should better position themselves towards this business, in order to optimize resources and maximize gains. The present work discusses three fictitious cases, in an effort to delineate and understand the several issues that impact a business decision in the LNG industry. In each case, business evaluation is performed taking into consideration project economics, as well as risk and strategy issues. (author)

Castor oil biodiesel: an economic evaluation; Biodiesel de mamona: uma avaliacao economica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pires, Monica de Moura; Alves, Jaenes Miranda; Almeida Neto, Jose Adolfo de; Almeida, Cezar Menezes; Sousa, Geovania Silva de; Cruz, Rosenira Serpa da; Monteiro, Renata; Lopes, Beatriz Sampaio; Robra, Sabine [Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilheus, BA (Brazil). Grupo Bioenergia e Meio Ambiente]. E-mails: mpires@uesc.br; jaenes@uesc.br; jalmeida@uesc.br; roserpa@uesc.br

2004-07-01

The production cost of castor oil biodiesel by methyl way and its economic viability, using as reference the production cost data of castor oil and the implantation of the pilot plant at UESC - state university of Santa Cruz, Bahia State, Brazil was determined. From this information, it was seen that the estimated price of castor oil biodiesel is close to the diesel price in the Itabuna market, Bahia state, Brazil. The indicators show economic viability of the mini-power plant installation. Such information are preliminary estimative for the market and can be modified as function of changes in the main factors used to have the production costs, as well as the sectorial policies that drives the activity as much in levels of raw material production as in biodiesel.

MINERAÇÃO E ESPACIALIDADE: SOCIEDADE, ESPAÇO E AMBIENTE NA EVOLUÇÃO DA ECONOMIA CARBONÍFERA DE CRICIÚMA/SC.

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Gilberto Filho Montibeller

2012-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a espacialidade, a saber, a inter-relação espaço, socioeconomia e ambiente derivada de atividade carbonífera quando era intensa, bem como sua influência atual em Criciúma/SC. São referenciados estudos em outras regiões de mineração em cotejamento com o caso específico. Neste, verifica-se a dinâmica socioeconômica e socioambiental, na história e na atualidade. Assim busca-se interpretar a dialética história-sociedade-espaço, na medida em que a posição das jazidas influencia a localização das infraestruturas de exploração e transporte e a atividade exige capital em grande volume e trabalho não qualificado e baixos salários, a configurar os segmentos sociais que se estratificam no espaço. Além disso, distribuição dos bairros segundo classes de renda e degradação ambiental sintetizam o espectro socioespacial. Assim, os interesses das classes de maior renda são configurados em um microcosmo emblemático como o da cidade de Criciúma. Nesse sentido, o estudo pretende ser, também, uma contribuição à complexa questão da espacialidade em ambiente urbano.

Análise espacial de indicadores integrados de saúde e ambiente para morbimortalidade por diarreia infantil no Brasil, 2010

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Helena Ferraz Bühler

2014-09-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo é construir indicadores integrados de saúde e ambiente para diarreia em crianças menores de um ano no Brasil. Foi utilizado um desenho de estudo ecológico, com a aplicação do modelo teórico Geo Saúde, que inclui as dimensões: força motriz, pressão, estado do meio ambiente, exposição e efeito à saúde humana. No Brasil, a probabilidade de crianças menores de um ano serem hospitalizadas ou chegarem a óbito por doença diarreica aguda, nas microrregiões brasileiras, é maior naquelas localizadas nas regiões Norte e Nordeste. Na Região Norte, as internações e óbitos são mais de cinco vezes maiores que as das regiões Sudeste e Sul, respectivamente. A taxa de internação por diarreia infantil mostrou-se associada com o percentual da população sem coleta de lixo; a taxa de mortalidade com a razão de dependência e percentual de moradores sem coleta de lixo. Conclui-se que o saneamento básico persiste como problema socioambiental nas regiões Norte e Nordeste, e a redução da diarreia infantil depende de políticas públicas nesse setor.

Análise Regional para Implantação de Aterro Sanitário Utilizando Software Livre

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Carina Barbosa Colman

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Áreas com aptidão para implantação de aterro sanitário na região Sul do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, foram identificadas por meio de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG utilizando análise multicritério. Atribuíram-se pesos diferenciados para a determinação de áreas consideradas com ou sem restrição para instalação do referido aterro. As classes mais propícias para a instalação do aterro apresentam as maiores áreas (220.800 hectares, representando 78% da área de estudo, nos municípios de Tacuru e Iguatemi. As classes com maior restrição apresentaram-se pouco representativas na área estudada, cabendo ao município de Coronel Sapucaia, o maior quantitativo com cerca de 47 hectares. Fez-se aqui uma primeira aproximação desse tipo de estudo, pois a inclusão de outras variáveis de ordem socioambiental (opinião dos moradores locais,e normas como o Código Florestal e Zoneamento Ecológico Econômico, pode implicar em mais restrições e potencialidades para a localização desse tipo de empreendimento.

Aesthetic trials: taking care of oneself, of the other and of the environment in which we live Experimentações estéticas: o cuidado de si, do outro e do ambiente em que vivemos

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Cláudio Tarouco de Azevedo

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Apresentar a pesquisa-intervenção desenvolvida pelos autores em forma de atividades artístico-pedagógicas, denominadas experimentações estéticas, analisando as mesmas e seus efeitos enquanto conjunto prático-teórico voltado ao cuidado de si, do outro e do ambiente. Métodos: Construído a partir da experiência dos autores com práticas de pesquisa inspiradas nos estudos sobre As Três Ecologias e na metodologia Sociopoética, sendo utilizada na análise a escrita presencial dos participantes durante as oficinas e as respostas dos mesmos às questões enviadas por e-mail. Resultados: Apontam para a superação dos medos internos e a descoberta das potencialidades pessoais para enfrentar desafios. A sensibilidade do olhar e o envolvimento com o outro como elemento fundamental no exercício de confiança das relações cotidianas. Conclusão: O processo de experimentação indica que existe uma potência do encontro, dos intercâmbios e da sensibilidade quando privilegiamos um conhecimento que se apreende com o corpo em movimento, relacionando-se com o outro e o mundo. Descritores: Experimentações estéticas, corpo, intervenção socioambiental

Modelo dinâmico de sistemas para o gerenciamento de resíduos da construção civil na cidade de Porto Alegre: estudo de caso

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Luis Hernando Walteros Galarza

2015-09-01

Full Text Available RESUMOO presente artigo relata a elaboração de um modelo dinâmico de sistemas com o estudo de material reciclado proveniente de escombros para a fabricação de blocos de concreto do tipo não estruturais, utilizando para a modelagem das variáveis o programa computacional Stella. Essa modelagem permite que seja feita uma análise de cada variável do processo de produção, servindo como base para a definição das atividades críticas e as possibilidades de melhora e otimização do processo de produção, além de ser um critério de validação para uma adequada reutilização dos resíduos da construção, tendo em vista as legislações atuais e especificações técnicas e ambientais. Este estudo permitiu o desenvolvimento de um modelo conceitual de análise do processo de produção dos blocos através do comportamento que apresenta as variáveis que intervém no processo, demonstrando que a utilização de resíduos de construção e demolição neste estudo de caso é uma alternativa socioambiental com potencial econômico.

CONSUMO COLABORATIVO: TENDÊNCIA DE CONSTRUÇÃO DE CONHECIMENTO E NEGÓCIOS NO MERCADO DIGITAL DE PRODUTOS USADOS

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Cláudia Resem Paixão

2015-12-01

Full Text Available No contexto da economia criativa, o Consumo Colaborativo é crescente e impulsionado pela interação coletiva, especialmente, no ambiente virtual do mercado contemporâneo. Neste estudo, um website brasileiro de compra e venda de produtos usados ou de “segunda mão” https://www.enjoei.com.br é indicado como exemplo de ambiente colaborativo e promotor de conhecimento, comunicação e negócios de e-commerce. O problema de pesquisa decorreu da necessidade de identificação de tendências decorrentes das interações atuais entre mercado digital de produtos usados, o Consumo Colaborativo, conhecimento e responsabilidade socioambiental. O problema levantado por este conjunto de interações implica em questões de consumo e sustentabilidade ligadas à gestão de produtos e negócios, relacionando áreas como Tecnologia, Conhecimento, Design e Marketing. Portanto torna-se evidente que a comercialização de produtos usados e sua reutilização são partes de uma tendência de consumo colaborativo amplamente disseminada na world wide web (www. Os resultados apresentados são descrições, argumentos e considerações decorrentes do trabalho de pesquisa exploratório-descritiva sobre um fenômeno de consumo colaborativo, como tendência no mercado brasileiro.

Guía socio-ambiental para las obras de construcción de vivienda en la ciudad de Armenia

OpenAIRE

Nivia Montenegro, Luz Stella

2017-01-01

Armenia es una ciudad con una riqueza natural y ambiental, reflejada en las 54 quebradas que conforman 18 microcuencas que recorren el territorio urbano hasta drenar a los ríos Quindío, Espejo y la Quebrada Cristales -- Estos espacios naturales incluyen fauna y flora que generan una fortaleza y riqueza ambiental en una región declarada por la Unesco en el año 2011 como paisaje cultural cafetero -- El paisaje y extenso verde de la ciudad, se ve en peligro debido al desarrollo de la construcció...

Problemática ambiental ou problemática socioambiental? A natureza da relação sociedade/meio ambiente

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Valdir Fernandes

2008-01-01

Full Text Available The socio-environmental debate postulates a paradigm shift that is sustained by a kind of rationality that serves as an alternative to the big conflicts of modern society. These conflicts have to do with the difficult relationship between economic development and environmental preservation. The paradigm shift consists in including socio-environmental sustainability as a pre-requisite for development. The socio-environmental debate also postulates another epistemological approach through a systemic vision and inter- and trans-disciplinary action, propped up by moral and ethical change. The purpose of this paper is to discuss these change postulates, while undoing the dichotomy between ecological and social systems.

Vulnerabilidade socioambiental dos manguezais de Garapuá, Cairu/BA frente à inserção da indústria petroleira.

OpenAIRE

Júlio Augusto de Castro Pellegrini

2010-01-01

Manguezais são ecossistemas marinhos costeiros que ocorrem nas regiões tropicais e subtropicais do globo. A associação desses ambientes a formações recifais é restrita, particularmente no Brasil, onde se destaca a ilha de Tinharé, na costa sul do estado da Bahia, não só pela ocorrência desse sistema manguezal-recifes, mas também pelo desenvolvimento estrutural da floresta e pela atividade produtiva de mariscagem exercida pela população do povoado de Garapuá. Apesar da proximidade de Morro de ...

Necesidades educacionales sobre riesgo de plaguicidas en el contexto socio-ambiental de las comunidades agrícolas de Sonora

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M.I. Silveira Gramont

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Para proponer estrategias de educación y comunicación sobre plaguicidas en las comunidades agrícolas de Sonora, se requiere situar la problemática de la exposición a plaguicidas en el contexto socio-cultural y ambiental de las comunidades afectadas, tomando en cuenta los factores que contribuyen al mayor riesgo de exposición de los trabajadores agrícolas y de sus familias. Este estudio examina los factores poblacionales, educacionales, culturales y de trabajo de habitantes y trabajadores agrícolas de dichas comunidades, así como las limitaciones de infraestructura comunitaria y de condiciones de vivienda en relación al riesgo de contaminación por plaguicidas. Sobre la base de este análisis se proponen posibles alternativas educacionales orientadas a mitigar tal riesgo en el contexto socio-cultural de dichas comunidades. Método De los estudios reportados sobre la presencia de residuos de plaguicidas en productos agrícolas y acuícolas, en suelos, agua, medio ambiente y en líquidos corporales de niños y adultos de Sonora, se puede concluir que tanto los trabajadores agrícolas como la población que reside cerca de las zonas agrícolas, están sujetos a un mayor riesgo de contaminación por plaguicidas. Para la realización del presente estudio se seleccionaron cinco comunidades localizadas en los valles agrícolas más productivos de Sonora, en las cuales se han llevado a cabo investigaciones relacionadas con plaguicidas. Básicamente, se analizó la información obtenida de encuestas aplicadas a residentes y trabajadores agrícolas de dichas comunidades, para explorar su conocimiento sobre uso y manejo de plaguicidas, percepción del riesgo que tales sustancias representan y las prácticas de protección personal que llevan a cabo para la prevención de dichos riesgos (en el hogar y trabajo. También se describe la infraestructura de los poblados y las viviendas de sus habitantes en relación al potencial de riesgo de contaminación. Resultados Las encuestas revelaron que las poblaciones estudiadas tienen muy bajo conocimiento de la acción y de los riesgos a la salud ocasionados por la exposición a plaguicidas, situación que es frecuente en su vida cotidiana. El 70% de los entrevistados no se protegen adecuadamente cuando aplican plaguicidas, ni cuando realizan las labores agrícolas. De acuerdo a las causas de síntomas y/o malestares que reportaron los entrevistados, muy pocos perciben o asocian a los plaguicidas como un riesgo para la salud. Por otra parte, la limitada infraestructura con la que cuentan la mayoría de los poblados y precarias condiciones de las viviendas incrementan los riesgos de exposición. Conclusiones Los programas educativos, de comunicación y de capacitación sobre plaguicidas que se implementen en dichas comunidades deben poner énfasis en su respectivo contexto social, cultural, étnico y ambiental, de tal forma que propicien cambios de comportamiento y concientización duraderos que reduzcan sustancialmente la situación de riesgo que presentan. En el aspecto general de infraestructura urgen programas que incentiven la mejora del recurso agua potable, la construcción y sanidad de las viviendas, así como la colocación de protecciones ecológicas alrededor de los poblados.

Análise morfométrica e socioambiental de uma bacia hidrográfica Amazônica, Carlinda, MT

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Ricardo Keichi Umetsu

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Estudos morfométricos e socioambientais foram realizados na bacia hidrográfica do rio Monte Sinai, em Carlinda, MT, visando à criação de subsídios para a sua sustentabilidade ambiental. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados SRTM 90 m, reamostrados para 30 m, para a geração do modelo digital de elevação e dados SPOT (10 m, para a avaliação do uso e cobertura da terra, através de técnicas de SIG. Além disso, foram feitas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os moradores locais e visitas de campo. Os resultados apontaram que a bacia apresenta padrão dentrítico de quarta ordem. A razão altimétrica, declividade, densidade de drenagem e fator de forma indicaram forte controle estrutural da drenagem da bacia hidrográfica. Entretanto, o atual uso e cobertura da terra, dominada por pastagens e mata ciliar degradada, favorecem os processos erosivos e, consequentemente, a perda da ferlitiladade do solo e o assoreamento dos cursos d'água. Foram apontados indicadores de degradação, assim como estratégias de manejo adequadas à melhoria ambiental que venham contribuir e garantir a sustentabilidade ambiental da bacia.

El despertar de Kumpanam: historia y mito en el marco de un conflicto socioambiental en la Amazonía

OpenAIRE

Garra, Simone

2012-01-01

Desde hace algunos años, en la cuenca del río Cenepa (departamento de Amazonas, Perú), los comuneros awajún están luchando en contra de la actividad minera en la Cordillera del Cóndor, territorio donde se encuentran las cabeceras de los ríos que atraviesan su territorio. En las comunidades se ha revitalizado el mito de Kumpanam, un antepasado asociado a un cerro ubicado en los alrededores de las instalaciones de la compañía minera. En este artículo, quiero mostrar cómo el mito de Kumpanam cob...

Solastalgia y conductas pro-ambientales en un conflicto socioambiental por la construcción de una hidroeléctrica

OpenAIRE

Santander Dueñas, María Teresa; Peñuela, Adriana

2017-01-01

Introducción: La construcción de megaproyectos hídricos implica una reconfiguración territorial donde se ven afectadas las fuentes de agua dulce, la biodiversidad terrestre y acuática, y los asentamientos humanos que colindan con dichas construcciones. Objetivo: estimar la asociación entre las conductas proambientales con la solastalgia entre las personas que se encuentran ejerciendo un proceso de resistencia social contra la Central Hidrosogamoso en el departamento de Santande...

Problemática ambiental ou problemática socioambiental? A natureza da relação sociedade/meio ambiente

OpenAIRE

Valdir Fernandes; Carlos Alberto Cioce Sampaio

2008-01-01

The socio-environmental debate postulates a paradigm shift that is sustained by a kind of rationality that serves as an alternative to the big conflicts of modern society. These conflicts have to do with the difficult relationship between economic development and environmental preservation. The paradigm shift consists in including socio-environmental sustainability as a pre-requisite for development. The socio-environmental debate also postulates another epistemological approach through a sys...

Necesidades educacionales sobre riesgo de plaguicidas en el contexto socio-ambiental de las comunidades agrícolas de Sonora

OpenAIRE

Silveira Gramont, M.I.; Aldana Madrid, L.; Valenzuela Quintanar, A.I.; Ochoa Nogales, C.B.; Jasa-Silveira, G.; Camarena Gómez, Beatriz

2016-01-01

Resumen Introducción: Para proponer estrategias de educación y comunicación sobre plaguicidas en las comunidades agrícolas de Sonora, se requiere situar la problemática de la exposición a plaguicidas en el contexto socio-cultural y ambiental de las comunidades afectadas, tomando en cuenta los factores que contribuyen al mayor riesgo de exposición de los trabajadores agrícolas y de sus familias. Este estudio examina los factores poblacionales, educacionales, culturales y de trabajo de habita...

Necesidades educacionales sobre riesgo de plaguicidas en el contexto socio-ambiental de las comunidades agrícolas de Sonora

OpenAIRE

M.I. Silveira Gramont; L. Aldana Madrid; A.I. Valenzuela Quintanar; C.B. Ochoa Nogales; G. Jasa-Silveira; Beatriz Camarena Gómez

2016-01-01

Para proponer estrategias de educación y comunicación sobre plaguicidas en las comunidades agrícolas de Sonora, se requiere situar la problemática de la exposición a plaguicidas en el contexto socio-cultural y ambiental de las comunidades afectadas, tomando en cuenta los factores que contribuyen al mayor riesgo de exposición de los trabajadores agrícolas y de sus familias. Este estudio examina los factores poblacionales, educacionales, culturales y de trabajo de habitantes y trabajadores agrí...

Computed radiography systems performance evaluation;Avaliacao de desempenho de sistemas de radiografia computadorizada

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xavier, Clarice C.; Nersissian, Denise Y.; Furquim, Tania A.C. [Universidade de Sao Paulo (IEE/USP), SP (Brazil). Inst. de Eletrotecnica e Energia

2009-07-01

The performance of a computed radiography system was evaluated, according to the AAPM Report No. 93. Evaluation tests proposed by the publication were performed, and the following nonconformities were found: imaging p/ate (lP) dark noise, which compromises the clinical image acquired using the IP; exposure indicator uncalibrated, which can cause underexposure to the IP; nonlinearity of the system response, which causes overexposure; resolution limit under the declared by the manufacturer and erasure thoroughness uncalibrated, impairing structures visualization; Moire pattern visualized at the grid response, and IP Throughput over the specified by the manufacturer. These non-conformities indicate that digital imaging systems' lack of calibration can cause an increase in dose in order that image prob/ems can be so/ved. (author)

Marine terminal baseline criteria and assessment OCIMF; Avaliacao de terminais maritimos - criterio OCIMF

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Soares, Fabio Lindoso; Garcia, Luciano Maldonado [PETROBRAS Transporte S.A. (TRANSPETRO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2005-07-01

The development of PETROBRAS Transporte S.A. corporate standards, specifically meant for the marine terminals segment and based on the 'Marine Terminal Baseline Criteria and Assessment Questionnaire', published by 'Oil Companies International Marine Forum' was accomplished by a Team of in-house staff with the assistance of international outsourced consultancy. This project resulted in the adjustment of the company's processes to international practices enabling consistent management and operating assessment of marine terminals. (author)

Evaluation of a fruit solar dryer; Avaliacao de um secador solar de frutas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Berthier, L.J.; Bittencourt, J.; Queiroz, M.R.

2000-07-01

A study of the Nanica banana drying was carried out in a solar dryer with six trays operating with direct exposure of the product to the solar radiation and internal convection. The solar drying was performed College of Agricultural Engineering of the UNICAMP, Campinas, S.Paulo state, Brazil. The study aimed a 20 to 25 per cent final humidity of the dry product, result obtained in the different trays during a maximum drying period of 147 hours (6 days), in a batch system. During the drying period, the average temperature of the environment air at daylight was of 26 degree Celsius with a maximum of 32 degree Celsius, and 18 degrees Celsius during nocturnal period, with a minimum of 12,6 degree Celsius. In the inward of the dryer reached average values near to 50 degree Celsius, measured at noon. The 29,540 kg initial net weight of peeled banana was reduced to yield of 10,815 kg after the drying process, obtaining an income of 36,61 percent of the total production. With the values of the product weight loss, the curves of the drying in each tray had been built, observing that, in the upper trays reached the desired humidity in a lesser period.

Avaliacao da Relacao entre a Doenca Hepatica Nao Gordurosa e CAD utilizando TCMF

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Duran Efe

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: Alguns fatores de risco para a aterosclerose são acompanhados pela doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (DHGNA. Desejamos usar a tomografia computadorizada multi-fatias (TCMF como a técnica para encontrar relação entre a DHGNA e a doença arterial coronariana (DAC. Objetivo: A relação entre a DHGNA e a DAC foi investigada através de TCMF. Métodos: Um total de 372 indivíduos com ou sem sintomas cardíacos, que foram submetidos à angiografia por TCMF, foram incluídos no estudo. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos, de acordo com a presença da DHGNA. Os segmentos arteriais coronarianos foram avaliados visualmente via angiografia por TCMF. Com base no grau de estenose arterial coronariana, aqueles com placas ausentes ou mínimas foram considerados como normais, enquanto aqueles que apresentavam estenose de menos do que 50% e no mínimo uma placa foram considerados como portadores da doença arterial coronariana não obstrutiva (não-obsDAC. Os pacientes que apresentaram no mínimo uma placa e estenose arterial coronariana de 50% ou mais foram considerados como portadores de doença arterial coronariana obstrutiva (obsDAC. A DHGNA foi determinada de acordo com o protocolo de TCMF, utilizando a densidade hepática. Resultados: De acordo com a densidade hepática, o número de pacientes com doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (grupo 1 foi de 204 (149 homens, 54,8% e com fígado normal (grupos 2 foi de 168 (95 homens, 45.2%. Houve 50 (24,5% não-obsDAC e 57 (27,9% casos de obsDAC no Grupo 1, e 39 (23,2% não-obsDAC e 23 (13,7% casos de obsDAC no Grupo 2. Conclusões: O presente estudo utilizando TCMF demonstrou que a frequência da doença arterial coronariana em pacientes com NAFDL foi significativamente superior do que nos pacientes em NAFDL.

Integrity assessment of pipelines - additional remarks; Avaliacao da integridade de dutos - observacoes adicionais

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alves, Luis F.C. [PETROBRAS S.A., Salvador, BA (Brazil). Unidade de Negocios. Exploracao e Producao

2005-07-01

Integrity assessment of pipelines is part of a process that aims to enhance the operating safety of pipelines. During this task, questions related to the interpretation of inspection reports and the way of regarding the impact of several parameters on the pipeline integrity normally come up. In order to satisfactorily answer such questions, the integrity assessment team must be able to suitably approach different subjects such as corrosion control and monitoring, assessment of metal loss and geometric anomalies, and third party activities. This paper presents additional remarks on some of these questions based on the integrity assessment of almost fifty pipelines that has been done at PETROBRAS/E and P Bahia over the past eight years. (author)

Radiological evaluation of the cranio vertebral junction; Avaliacao radiologica da transicao cranio-vertebral

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mello, Silvia Marcal Benicio de; Haetinger, Rainer Guilherme [Med Imagem - Beneficiencia Portuguesa de Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Setor de Cabeca e Pescoco]. E-mail: sbm@uol.com.br; Schettini, Marianna Cunha; Lima, Sergio Santos [Med Imagem - Beneficiencia Portuguesa de Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Mourao, Maria Lucia; Mendonca, Renato Adam [Med Imagem - Beneficiencia Portuguesa de Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Setor de Neuroradiologia

2005-04-15

The cranio vertebral junction (CVJ) comprises the occiput, atlas, their joints and ligaments. Besides conventional x-rays other imaging methods are need for the assessment of CVJ including high resolution computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which provide specific parameters such as field of view, slice thickness and incremental movement of the patient. A dynamic study is also important to assess the stability of the cranio vertebral junction and the effect upon the bulbomedullary junction. The aim of this study is to review the techniques used in the evaluation of the CVJ, the semiological parameters, and the most frequent disorders affecting this region. We review the literature and present conventional x-ray, CT and MRI images from the didactic file of the Radiology service 'Med Imagem - Beneficiencia Portuguesa de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil, of cases with normal anatomy and the main congenital and acquired disorders of the CVJ. In daily practice, CVJ disorders are diagnoses using CT and MRI scans of the head and cervical spine. It is essential to be familiar with these conditions in order to preform specific tests which will allow a detailed study of the CVJ, thus providing the basis for the treatment, whenever indicated. (author)

Imperfect twinning - evaluation by imaging methods; Gemelidade imperfeita - avaliacao pelos metodos de imagem

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Teixeira, Arildo Correa; Julio, Hamilton [Parana Univ., Curitiba, PR (Brazil). Hospital das Clinicas. Disciplina de Ginecologia e Obstetricia; Mazer, Sergio; Urban, Linei Augusta Brolini Delle [Parana Univ., Curitiba, PR (Brazil). Hospital das Clinicas. Servico de Radiologia]. E-mail: lineiurban@hotmail.com

2003-02-01

Conjoined twins are rare malformations and a challenge for both radiologists and pediatric surgeons. Antenatal evaluation is essential for the identification of anatomic fusions and other associated abnormalities, which will enable an adequate surgical planning and the assessment of fetal prognosis. The authors present the clinical and imaging findings of thoracopagus twins, joined by the anterior portion of the thorax, sharing the heart and the liver. Diagnosis was made by ultrasonography and confirmed with fetal magnetic resonance imaging. (author)

Computed tomography evaluation of mast cell tumours; Avaliacao por tomografia computadorizada dos mastocitomas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lorigados, Carla Aparecida Batista; Matera, Julia Maria; Macedo, Thais; Pinto, Ana Carolina Brandao Fonseca, E-mail: clorigados@usp.br [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia. Dept. de Cirurgia

2012-07-01

The mast cell tumours are common tumours of the canine skin. Computed tomography (CT) has assumed an important role in tumours evaluation and staging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of CT as a method of assessing characteristics of mast cell tumors. Ten dogs with mast cell tumor were evaluated. CT was performed before and after the intravenous injection of hydro soluble ionic iodine. Attenuation, contrast enhancement, cleavage with adjacent tissues and the unidimensional measurement of each lesion was determined in it maximum diameter, in transversal plane. Concerning the attenuation characteristic, 50% were homogeneous and 50% heterogeneous. The contrast enhancement was homogeneous in 50% of cases, heterogeneous in 40% and peripheral in 10%. Fifty percent of the tumours showed loss of plane of cleavage and 30% partial loss. This information can help in directing the patients that will be undergoing chemotherapy or surgery. (author)

Dose assessment in pediatric computerized tomography; Avaliacao de doses em tomografia computadorizada pediatrica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vilarinho, Luisa Maria Auredine Lima

2004-07-01

The objective of this work was the evaluation of radiation doses in paediatric computed tomography scans, considering the high doses usually involved and the absence of any previous evaluation in Brazil. Dose values were determined for skull and abdomen examinations, for different age ranges, by using the radiographic techniques routinely used in the clinical centers investigated. Measurements were done using pencil shape ionization chambers inserted in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) phantoms. These were compact phantoms of different diameters were specially designed and constructed for this work, which simulate different age ranges. Comparison of results with published values showed that doses were lower than the diagnostic reference levels established to adults exams by the European Commission. Nevertheless, doses in paediatric phantoms were higher than those obtained in adult phantoms. The paediatric dose values obtained in Hospitals A and B were lower than the reference level (DRL) adopted by SHIMPTON for different age ranges. In the range 0 - 0.5 year (neonatal), the values of DLP in Hospital B were 94 por cent superior to the DRL For the 10 years old children the values of CTDI{sub w} obtained were inferior in 89 por cent for skull and 83 por cent for abdomen examinations, compared to the values published by SHRIMPTON and WALL. Our measured CTDI{sub w} values were inferior to the values presented for SHRIMPTON and HUDA, for all the age ranges and types of examinations. It was observed that the normalized dose descriptors values in children in the neonatal range were always superior to the values of doses for the adult patient. In abdomen examinations, the difference was approximately 90% for the effective dose (E) and of 57%.for CTDI{sub w} . (author)

MEMÓRIA, PERCEPÇÃO E VIVÊNCIA NA DINÂMICA SOCIOAMBIENTAL DE UMA COMUNIDADE COSTEIRA AMAZÔNICA – PA

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Felipe Kevin Ramos da Silva

2017-07-01

Este artículo muestra los resultados del enfoque geográfico de la relación sociedad-naturaleza en el contexto del espacio de vida y la dinámica ambiental de la comunidad Taperinha, rescatado de la memoria, la percepción y la vida en comunidad en la llanura costera del municipio de Quatipuru - PA. El enfoque geográfico de paisaje como espacio habitable, construida a partir de las prácticas sociales y ambientales, permite una mirada sensible sobre el camino de la comunidad de vida, con los procesos de apropiación del espacio y la naturaleza que trascienden la subjetividad del medio ambiente, poniendo de relieve la importancia las estrategias de la vida cotidiana que se construyen a lo largo del año en los ciclos climáticos estacionales, alcanzando los ciclos decenales, cuya percepción del medio ambiente se basa en la memoria colectiva de la comunidad. La relevancia de este estudio, por lo tanto, demuestra el valor del conocimiento vernáculo en su totalidad existencial y en favor del principio de la dignidad humana y el derecho público, y por lo tanto para una mejor gestión de los recursos naturales dentro de las reservas marinas extractivas - Resex la costa brasileña. Palabras clave: Cultura; Etnografía; Geographicity; Paisaje.

A racionalidade da economia de comunhão e responsabilidade socioambiental: a gestão organizacional influenciada por valores espirituais

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Valdir Fernandes

2010-01-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses the influence of spiritual values in the insertion of socio-environmental dimensions in management processes. A critical analysis of the socio-economic experience named Communion Economy is presented, which highlights the spiritual, ethical and moral values in this economy as inherent motivators of social and environmental considerations. It is a sui generis experience, born within the limits of a religious movement, the Movement of Focolares. It is currently active in 735 companies, mostly small ones, located in several countries, which operate in various economic activities and aggregate a dimension of solidarity to their formal market activity. The considerations presented here reveal a management form based not only on criteria of instrumental rationality (effectiveness, income and performance but also on dimensions of substantive rationality (ethical, aesthetic and moral.

Praticas socioambientais em hotéis-fazenda do agreste pernambucano sob a perspectiva do cliente

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Viviane Silva Souza

2015-12-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo relata uma pesquisa de campo realizada com hóspedes dos seis hotéis-fazenda vinculados à Associação Pernambucana de Turismo Rural, Ecológico e Interiorano  (Apeturr, localizados na Região Agreste de Pernambuco. O artigo objetiva analisar a percepção dos hóspedes em relação às práticas de responsabilidades socioambientais dos hotéis-fazenda da Região do Agreste de Pernambuco. Os dados foram coletados através da aplicação de questionários que avaliaram a percepção dos hóspedes sobre a responsabilidade socioambiental difundida nesses meios de hospedagem. A pesquisa caracterizou-se como exploratória, quanto aos objetivos, e quali-quantitativa, quanto à sua abordagem. Foi utilizado o teste Qui-Quadrado de Independência, para analisar a relação entre as variáveis escolhidas no estudo. Resultados apontam que mais de 90% das pessoas entrevistadas não conheciam previamente as práticas ambientais nos hotéis pesquisados. Sendo assim, o fato de os hóspedes não saberem que o hotel tem atitudes sustentáveis não influenciou na sua decisão de compra e, também, não impediu que fossem fidelizados e retornassem ao hotel novamente, como apontam os resultados.

La educación para la sustentabilidad: análisis y perspectiva a partir de la experiencia de dos sistemas de bachillerato en comunidades rurales mexicanas

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Isabel Ruiz Mallén

2009-01-01

Full Text Available La Década por una Educación para la Sustentabilidad está en curso. Una de sus metas consiste en consolidar una currícula escolar que incorpore la perspectiva ambiental de forma transdisciplinar y contextualizada en las realidades locales. Su discurso es sustancioso pero las acciones resultantes parecen vagas, pobres y dispersas. El estudio que aquí presentamos sobre el análisis de contenido de la currícula de dos sistemas de bachillerato en comunidades rurales mexicanas es un ejemplo de ello. En esta investigación analizamos: 1 en qué medida los contenidos curriculares están orientados a las políticas forestales de manejo comunitario y de qué manera se insertan con la realidad socio-ambiental de ambas comunidades; 2 cómo se da el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los contenidos ambientales en las aulas, concretamente las técnicas y las dinámicas educativas que se establecen entre estudiantes y maestros; y 3 en qué medida tiene lugar la adquisición de los conocimientos ambientales por parte de los jóvenes de nivel bachillerato. Los resultados indican que a un año del inicio de la Década los esfuerzos para un cambio de las estructuras educativas mexicanas, dirigido a fomentar la educación ambiental a nivel formal, no son suficientes.

Gestão de resíduos sólidos na construção civil: uma análise do relatório GRI de empresas listadas na BM&FBOVESPA

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Fabiana Frigo Souza

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Uma das áreas em ascensão no Brasil é a construção civil, o qual é um setor que gera impactos ambientais, dentre eles, um número elevado de resíduos sólidos. Em razão disso, este estudo tem como objetivos identificar e avaliar o que as empresas do ramo da construção civil listadas na BM&FBOVESPA evidenciam em seus relatórios de sustentabilidade relativamente à gestão de seus resíduos. Para atender aos objetivos propostos, foram pesquisados os relatórios de sustentabilidade das empresas listadas na BM&FBOVESPA do setor de construção civil. Os resultados mostraram que pequena parte do total de empresas listadas divulga o relatório de sustentabilidade e que, das duas empresas identificadas, após a análise das informações efetivamente divulgadas, uma apresentou dados referentes a 96% dos itens da Categoria Ambiental da Global Reporting Initiative (GRI, e a outra apresentou apenas 19% dos itens. Além disso, em ambas as empresas foram identificados itens em que a divulgação foi feita de forma parcial ou sequer foi feita. O estudo conclui que mesmo a construção civil sendo uma área em expansão e geradora de resíduos, são poucas as empresas que apresentam relatório socioambiental.  

El componente social en los sistemas de monitoreo ambiental: hacia un manejo integrado de la actividad portuaria

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Montoya Arango Vladimir

2011-11-01

Full Text Available El artículo describe la construcción transdisciplinar de indicadores sociales para el sistema de monitoreo ambiental para puertos de gran calado propuesto al Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial de Colombia. Para la definición de nueve indicadores, distribuidos en tres dimensiones, se llevó a cabo el siguiente procedimiento: primero, identificación de riesgos, amenazas y vulnerabilidad social sobre las poblaciones vecinas y ligadas a la actividad portuaria; segundo, definición de los impactos de esta actividad de acuerdo a su carácter: presión, estado y/o respuesta; y tercero, resumen de una lista amplia de indicadores vinculándolos a cada una de las dimensiones. Los indicadores aportan información complementaria y corelacionada necesaria para la medición de cada dimensión de los impactos sociales de los puertos. La integración transdisciplinar del componente social al sistema de monitoreo permite un efectivo seguimiento al comportamiento de los puertos respecto a su entorno socioambiental, teniendo en cuenta que las afectaciones sobre el ambiente y sobre los grupos humanos que puedan ocasionar, no están aisladas entre sí y pueden, a su vez, incidir en el desempeño del puerto mismo. Los indicadores además de ser una herramienta de medición, constituyen una ruta para acciones dirigidas hacia un comportamiento socioambientalmente responsable.

Sinfonia inacabada da habitação coletiva: lições a partir do PREVI para uma arquitetura de possibilidades

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Raquel Regina Martini Paula Barros

Full Text Available Os esforços pela busca de uma maior sustentabilidade nas cidades inspiram os projetos de habitação coletiva como importante perspectiva para devolver caraterística mais humanizadora para o habitar urbano. Este trabalho discute um recorte específico no sentido de intermediar e apoiar as decisões estruturantes do projeto arquitetônico e urbanístico que considere a possibilidade de modificações como parte do processo de projeto e do programa habitacional. O trabalho tem por objetivo obter derivações conceituais para análise, reflexão e realização projetual relacionadas à capacidade adaptativa da habitação como possível agregadora de valor multidimensional para os moradores. A partir dos fundamentos teórico-conceituais relacionados, buscou-se identificar exemplar de habitação coletiva representativo para análise, selecionando-se o Proyecto Experimental de Vivienda-PREVI em Lima, Peru, pela sua importância e impacto. O estudo evidenciou alguns dos enfoques e suscitou outros conceitos relevantes para o processo de projeto. Apresenta-se uma análise do estudo de caso e o aprimoramento da base teóricoconceitual de potencial humanizador e de sustentabilidade socioambiental. O estudo permite o refinamento conceitual vinculado ao projeto da habitação coletiva com vistas à geração de valor multidimensional para o habitar humanizador e mais sustentável.

Diferenciais intraurbanos na distribuição de dengue em Cuiabá, 2007 e 2008 Intra-urbandiferentials in dengue distribution, Cuiabá, 2007-2008

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Ludmila Sophia Souza

2012-12-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: Cuiabá apresenta inúmeros casos de dengue tanto nos períodos endêmicos quanto nas epidemias cíclicas. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar os diferenciais intra-urbanos da incidência em 2007 e 2008 relacionando-os com as condições socioeconômicas e socioambientais. MÉTODO: estudo de abordagem ecológica usando dados secundários. A caracterização das condições de vida foi feita com dados do Censo Demográfico (IBGE, 2000 e os dados epidemiológicos foram obtidos no Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN. O índice socioeconômico mediu escolaridade, renda dos responsáveis pelos domicílios permanentes e aglomeração domiciliar; o índice socioambiental usou informações relativas ao saneamento básico e à proporção de domicílios precários. Os índices foram elaborados a partir da classificação das variáveis em quintis e atribuição de pontos para cada quintil. A pontuação por bairro foi resultante da soma dos pontos para cada variável. Os bairros foram classificados em estratos de risco a partir da combinação de resultados dos dois índices. RESULTADOS: A incidência foi menor nos estratos de risco médio e baixo, e alta no estrato de risco muito alto; entretanto, foi maior do que a esperada no estrato de risco mínimo, indicando dissociação entre condições de vida e ocorrência da doença. CONCLUSÃO: Maiores incidências da dengue em Cuiabá nos anos de 2007 e 2008 foram observadas em locais com precárias condições de saneamento ambiental e habitados por populações com menor nível de renda e escolaridade, embora não exista correlação linear entre condições de vida e incidência.INTRODUCTION: Cuiaba presents a huge number of cases of dengue in the endemic periods as well as in the cyclical epidemics. The aim of the study was to analyze the intra-urban differentials of the incidence in 2007 and 2008 relating them with socio-economical and environmental life conditions. METHOD

Severe bronchiectasis in a dog: tomographic evaluation; Severa bronquiectasia em um cao: avaliacao tomografica

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Babicsak, Viviam Rocco; Campos, Lidice Araujo; Belotta, Alexandra Frey; Oliveira, Hugo Salvador de; Inamassu, Leticia Rocha; Charlier, Murilo Gomes de Soutello; Mamprim, Maria Jaqueline; Vulcano, Luiz Carlos, E-mail: viviam.babicsak@gmail.com [Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (FMVZ/UNESP), Botucatu, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia. Dept. de Reproducao Animal e Radiologia Veterinaria

2012-07-01

Bronchiectasis is a bronchial dilatation caused by changes in the bronchial wall usually due to infectious processes. Computed tomography is an important imaging modality for the evaluation of this alteration due to its high sensitivity. In this study we describe the case report of a 6-year-old female mixed breed dog with severe and generalized bronchiectasis on computed tomography. Due to the severe extent of bronchiectasis, the method of measurement of the adjacent pulmonary artery and its relationship to the bronchus did not have to be performed. An indirect sign of bronchiectasis identified in the patient was the bronchial wall thickening, possibly due to the infiltration of inflammatory components, edema and even by peri-bronchial abscesses. (author)

SPECT for smokers brain perfusion evaluation; SPECT para avaliacao da perfusao cerebral em fumantes

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Maliska, C.M.; Martins, E.F.; Barros, D.S.; Lopes, M.M.S.; Lourenco, C.; Goncalves, S.; Goncalves, M.B.; Miranda, M.M.B.G.; Neto, L.M.; Penque, E.; Antonucci, J.B. [Instituto Nacional do Cancer, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2002-07-01

Cigarette smoking increases brain stroke risk, however,five to fifteen years after ceasing this habit, brain perfusion recovers normal pattern. We propose to compare brain perfusion patterns performing brain SPECT scans of smokers and non-smokers. Thirteen volunteers age range 20-30 years old) composed of six non-smokers and seven smokers were studied by brain scans (SPECT).We used ECD- {sup 99m} Tc radiolabelled as recommended by the manufacturer. All patients received 740 MBq of the radiopharmaceutical through intravenous injection, with their eyes opened and their ears unplugged, in a quiet room. We used a one head SPECT camera ( General Electric/ StarCam 4000 and Siemens/ E.Cam) with low-energy ultrahigh resolution collimator. Imaging begin 40 minutes after tracer injection. For reconstruction we used a Butterworth filter.The preliminary results showed brain perfusion deficit areas on five of the smokers while all non- smokers had normal brain perfusion scans. We believe that smoking increases the possibility of brain perfusion deficits. (author)

Evaluation of occupational exposure in intraoral radiography; Avaliacao da dose ocupacional em radiografia intraoral

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Miguel, Cristiano; Barros, Frieda S.; Rocha, Anna S.P.S.; Godoi, Walmor C., E-mail: miguel_cristianoch@yahoo.com.br, E-mail: saicla@utfpr.edu.br, E-mail: annarocha@yahoo.com, E-mail: walmor.godoi@gmail.com [Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana (UTFPR), Curitiba, PR (Brazil); Tilly Junior, Joao G., E-mail: joao.tilly@derax.com.br [Universidade Federal do Parana (HC/UFPR), Curitiba, PR (Brazil). Hospital das Clinicas

2014-07-01

The intraoral radiography is widely performed in the dental office due to low cost and agility. The doses in intraoral radiology are considered low, however it is known that doses below the threshold for deterministic radiation has the potential to induce stochastic effects. An intraoral radiography has a risk of inducing fatal cancer or serious in order of 1:10,000,000. Besides the patient, the dentist may also be being exposed to radiation during the work with the radiographics practices. The bibliographies demonstrates the lack of information on radiation protection of dentists, however, the occupational dose reduction was observed in radiology over the past 14 years. This work aims to evaluate the effective dose of radiation to which workers can be exposed dentists in dental offices to perform intraoral radiographs. In this context, a study was be conducted between June 2013 and May 2014 with 44 professionals in Curitiba city. For each dentist was given a personal dosimeter to be used for 30 days. During this period, the number of radiographies and the length of the cable triggers of the X-ray equipment was registered and, the dosimeter´s dose was read. It was observed that the cables triggers meet regulatory standards and allow dentists to get the mean minimum distance of two meters from the radiation source in 93% of cases. Through analysis of the doses, it was concluded that occupational exposures of these workers are within the recommended threshold by regulatory 453/1998 of the Ministry of Health from Brazil. (author)

Microhardness evaluation alloys Hf-Si-B; Avaliacao de microdureza de ligas Hf-Si-B

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Gigolotti, Joao Carlos Janio; Costa, Eliane Fernandes Brasil [Centro Universitario de Volta Redonda (UNIFOA), Volta Redonda, RJ (Brazil); Nunes, Carlos Angelo; Rocha, Elisa Gombio; Coelho, Gilberto Carvalho, E-mail: carlosjanio@uol.com.br, E-mail: eliane-costabrasi@hotmail.com, E-mail: cnunes@demar.eel.usp.br, E-mail: elisarocha@alunos.eel.usp.br, E-mail: coelho@demar.eel.usp.br [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Lorena, SP (Brazil)

2014-08-15

The technological advance has generated increasing demand for materials that can be used under high temperature, what includes intermetallic MR-Si-B (MR = refractory metal) alloys with multiphase structures, that can also be applied in oxide environments. Thus, this work had for objective the micro hardness study of the Hf-Si-B system alloys, heat treated at 1600 deg C, in the Hf rich region. Hf-Si-B alloys had been produced with blades of Hf (min. 99.8%), Si (min. 99.998%) and B (min. 99.5%), in the voltaic arc furnace and heat treated at 1600 deg C under argon atmosphere. The relationship of the phases had been previously identified by X-ray diffraction and contrast in backscattered electron imaging mode. The alloys had their hardness analyzed by method Vickers (micro hardness) with load of 0.05 kgf and 0.2 kgf and application time of 20 s. The results, obtained from the arithmetic mean of measurements for each alloy on the heterogeneous region, showed a mean hardness of 11.08 GPA, with small coefficient of variation of 3.8%. The borides HfB2 (19.34 GPa) e HfB - 11.76 GPa, showed the hardness higher than the silicides Hf2Si (8.57 GPa), Hf5Si3 (9.63 GPa), Hf3Si2 (11.66 GPa), Hf5Si4 (10.00 GPa), HfSi (10.02 GPa) e HfSi2 (8.61 GPa). (author)

Algorithms evaluation for transformers differential protection; Avaliacao de algoritmos para protecao diferencial de transformadores

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Piovesan, Luis Sergio

1997-07-01

The appliance of two algorithms is evaluated, one based in Fourier analysis and other based in a rectangular transform technique over Fourier analysis, to be used in digital logical circuits (digital protection relays) for the purpose of differential protection of power transformers (ANSI 87T). The first chapter has a brief introduction about electrical protection. The second chapter discusses the general problems of transform protection, the development of digital technology and, with more detail, the differential protection associated to this technology. In this chapter are presented the particular aspects of transformers differential protection concerning sensibility, inrush current situations and harmonic distortions caused by transformer core saturations and the differential protection algorithms and their applications in a specific relay design. In chapter three, a method to make possible testing the protection performance is developed. This work applies digital simulations using EMTP to generate current signal of transformer operation and fault conditions. Digital simulation using Matlab is used to simulate the protection. The EMTP generated field signals are sent to the relay under test, furnishing data of normal operation, internal and external faults. The relay logic simulator at Matlab will work this data and so, it will be possible to verify and evaluate the algorithm behavior and performance. Chapter 4 shows the protection operation over simulations of several of transformer operation and fault conditions. The last chapter presents a conclusion about the protection performance, discussions about all the methods applied in this work and suggestions for further studies. (author)

Model of global evaluation for energetic resources; Modelo de avaliacao global de recursos energeticos

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Fujii, Ricardo Junqueira; Udaeta, Miguel Edgar Morales; Galvao, Luiz Claudio Ribeiro [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Dept. de Energia e Automacao Eletricas. Grupo de Energia]. E-mail: ricardo_fujii@pea.usp.br; daeta@pea.usp.br; lcgalvao@pea.usp.br

2006-07-01

The traditional energy planning usually takes into account the technical economical costs, considered alongside environmental and a few political restraints; however, there is a lack of methods to evenly assess environmental, economical, social and political costs. This work tries to change such scenario by elaborating a model to characterize an energy resource in all four dimensions - environmental, political, social and economical - in an integrated view. The model aims at two objectives: provide a method to assess the global cost of the energy resource and estimate its potential considering the limitations provided by these dimensions. To minimize the complexity of the integration process, the model strongly recommends the use of the Full Cost Accounting - FCA - method to assess the costs and benefits from any given resource. The FCA allows considering quantitative and qualitative costs, reducing the need of quantitative data, which are limited in some cases. The model has been applied in the characterization of the region of Aracatuba, located in the west part of the state of Sao Paulo - Brazil. The results showed that the potential of renewable sources are promising, especially when the global costs are considered. Some resources, in spite of being economically attractive, don't provide an acceptable global cost. It became clear that the model is a valuable tool when the conventional tools fail to address many issues, especially the need of an integrated view on the planning process; the results from this model can be applied in a portfolio selection method to evaluate the best options for a power system expansion. It has to be noticed that the usefulness of this model can be increased when adopted with a method to analyze demand side management measures, thus offering a complete set of possible choices of energy options for the decision maker. (author)

A evolução do debate socioambiental no Brasil: Legislação, etnoconservação e racionalidade ambiental

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Henrique Fürstenau-Togashi

2012-01-01

Full Text Available International scene influenced by landmark events of Stockholm-1972 and Brundtland report-1987 influenced the writing of the constitution of Brazil in 1988. The work presents the evolution of socio-environmentalism discussion in Brazil, from its sprouting to present day. A critical analysis is offered at different speeches involving the problem, highlighting a critique to the capitalist model of development leading to a process of both environment and human being degradation. Traditional and indigenous populations with their own ways of life and their ethnic knowledge derived from specific relations involving environment and production are not being respected. To solve social movements claiming for environmental justice it is necessary to open territory management to this minority and reverse appropriation of the natural patrimony by dominant groups.

Valoración económica para la protección socioambiental de la vaquita marina, una especie endémica

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José García Gómez; Erika Chávez Nungaray

2017-01-01

The impact of irrational human practices on the environment makes it indispensable to implement measures, such as the Upper Gulf of California and Colorado River Delta Biosphere Reserve, in order to preserve the natural environment and habitats, and thus to promote biological diversity. The aim of this paper was to determine the local economic support through valuation of the vaquita porpoise, an endangered endemic species that lives in the reserve, as well as to disseminate the analytic netw...

Valoración económica para la protección socioambiental de la vaquita marina, una especie endémica

OpenAIRE

García Gómez, José; Chávez Nungaray, Erika

2017-01-01

Resumen: Las prácticas humanas irracionales sobre el medio ambiente hacen indispensable implementar medidas de protección, como la Reserva de la Biosfera del Alto Golfo de California y Delta del Río Colorado, para preservar el entorno natural y los hábitats, y así favorecer la diversidad biológica. En este trabajo se buscó determinar el soporte económico local, a través de la valoración de la vaquita marina, especie endémica en peligro de extinción que habita en la reserva, y también divulgar...

Valoración económica para la protección socioambiental de la vaquita marina, una especie endémica

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José García Gómez

2017-07-01

Full Text Available The impact of irrational human practices on the environment makes it indispensable to implement measures, such as the Upper Gulf of California and Colorado River Delta Biosphere Reserve, in order to preserve the natural environment and habitats, and thus to promote biological diversity. The aim of this paper was to determine the local economic support through valuation of the vaquita porpoise, an endangered endemic species that lives in the reserve, as well as to disseminate the analytic network process, a valuation methodology little used in the environmental issue and which appropriately integrates interrelations into a systemic scheme. The result showed that for the purpose of giving protection to the species, resources additional to the little more than two million seven hundred and fifty thousand American dollars a year, which is the vaquita porpoise’s value, are needed. In carrying out this study, more comprehensive data concerning productive activities in the area, socio-economic implications of fishing and its impact on biological diversity were not available. This paper’s originality and value lie in the methodology used and the interrelation it offers for analysis.

HORTA ESCOLAR AGROECOLÓGICA: INCENTIVADORA DA APRENDIZAGEM E DE MUDANÇAS DE HÁBITOS ALIMENTARES NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL

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Maria Jeane Dantas dos Santos

2014-09-01

Full Text Available A horta é um laboratório vivo disponível a diferentes atividades didáticas. A sua instalação em ambientes escolares proporciona um conjunto de vantagens à comunidade escolar, como a abordagem de temas relacionados à educação ambiental e educação para a saúde através dos aspectos nutricional e alimentar. Com o objetivo de avaliar a sua ação como instrumento motivador do processo ensino-aprendizagem, de sensibilização socioambiental e de conscientização às mudanças de hábitos alimentares de alunos do Ensino Fundamental II, foi implantada, no ano letivo de 2012, uma horta escolar de base agroecológica na Escola Municipal de Ensino Tertuliano Pereira de Araújo, na zona rural do município de Picuí, PB. As atividades laborais na horta escolar contribuíram à melhoria no processo ensino-aprendizagem em virtude de maior interdisciplinaridade, maior espírito coletivo entre os discentes e recrudescimento de qualidades superiores como a solidariedade. As atividades na horta escolar contribuíram para elevar a conscientização dos alunos sobre os problemas ambientais e permitiu a compreensão do que seja sustentabilidade. Os alunos perceberam a importância do uso das hortaliças como alimento saudável e modificaram o hábito alimentar após conduzirem as atividades na horta escolar e usufruírem das hortaliças na merenda escolar.

Reconstrucción de Wampo: el reflote de los significados mapuche como práctica resistente.

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Nastassja Nicole Mancilla Ivaca

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Se propone que el proyecto cultural La Ruta del Wampo, financiado por Fondart, es una estrategia de resistencia de actores locales, mapuche y no mapuche, en la comuna de Panguipulli, frente a las transformaciones que diversos proyectos de extracción de recursos naturales pretenden hacer con su territorio. Sugerimos que se vive una nueva colonización de la zona por empresas hidroeléctricas. A partir de descubrimientos arqueológicos recientes se comprueba el carácter ancestral del uso de una embarcación mapuche, el wampo, y se posibilita la recuperación de la memoria de las significaciones asociadas al agua y los bosques a través de la navegación ancestral. Estratégicamente, los actores locales se articulan entre ellos y se vinculan a instituciones del estado para la puesta en valor cultural y económico de la práctica, posicionándose como agentes folkcomunicacionales. Esto lo hacen mediante su homologación con otras formas pratimonializantes de la museología, así como también de la industria turística. De este modo se le asigna un valor para la racionalidad económica, desde una significación que tiene sentido para dichas instituciones estatales, que se posiciona como una estrategia folkcomunicacional. Así desde una primera vinculación al turismo para la resistencia se comienzan a gestar asociaciones con otros actores con intereses en común que apuntan directamente al conflicto socioambiental.

POBLACIÓN Y MEDIO AMBIENTE: visión transdisciplinaria de la Geografía de la Población

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Lilia Susana Padilla y Sotelo

2017-08-01

A Geografia como ciência social na universidade pública e no âmbito científico sofreu mudanças resultantes de processos econômicos, políticos e sociais, ligadas ao território, o assunto e a problemas ambientais. Seu ensino na universidade é uma oportunidade para reavaliar temas relacionados à realidade socioambiental, bem como a sua importância. A ideia do curso “População e Ambiente”, cujo convite partiu da Universidade Nacional Autônoma da Nicarágua, surgiu como uma extensão do curso de Geografia da População e Meio Ambiente ministrado no Programa de Pós-graduação em Geografia da Universidade Nacional Autônoma de México. O objetivo deste trabalho foi abordar a complexa questão ambiental global e relacioná-la à problemática populacional, na tentativa de explicar a gênese humana dos problemas ambientais. Iniciou-se com uma análise transdisciplinar do ensino, de modo geral, e particularmente na geografia. Realizou-se a exposição dos conteúdos teóricos do curso; analisou-se o perfil do grupo; a teoria foi transposta para a prática, em uma aldeia rural da Nicarágua, onde se realizaram as pesquisas; culminou com os resultados da interpretação de pesquisas sobre a percepção da população rural acerca dos ambientes e problemas socioambientais da localidade. Palavras-chave: Geografia; População; Meio Ambiente; Transdisciplinaridade; Complexidade.

Actores y ambientalismos: Continuidades y cambios en los conflictos socio-ambientales en el Perú

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Anthony Bebbington

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Este artículo identifica cinco tipos de ambientalismos que están presentes en los conflictos mineros en el Perú: el conservacionista, el nacionalista-populista, el de defensa de las formas de vida, el de justicia socio-ambiental y el ecologismo profundo. Se sugiere que cada ambientalismo conlleva diferentes salidas a los conflictos ambientales: la compensación en unos casos o el debate público abierto y franco en otros. Es esta segunda salida la que promovería un fortalecimiento de la democracia. La experiencia histórica sugiere que muchas instituciones del estado de bienestar han nacido a raíz de los conflictos sociales. En este sentido los conflictos pueden verse no como problemas a resolver en el corto plazo sino como motores que empujan procesos de transformación institucional. The authors identify five types of environmentalism currently visible in mining conflicts in Peru. These are: conservationist, nationalist-populist, livelihood based, environmental justice, and deep ecological. This article suggests that different environmentalisms lead to different ways out of existing conflicts: some of these emphasize practices of compensation while others suggest the need for open and frank public debate. This second pathway would promote democratic strengthening. Historical experience suggests that many of the institutions of the welfare state have emerged as a consequence of social conflict. In this sense, conflicts can be seen not as problems that have to be resolved quickly but rather as motors that drive institutional transformations.

SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL FOOD SECURITY OBSERVATORY: ANALYSIS OF FOOD PRODUCTION INDICATORS AT THE MUNICIPAL LEVEL IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL

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Angélica Cristina da Siqueira

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Since the 1990, the theme of Human Rights and Food Security (FS has been developed in Brazil, culminating in the construction of the National Policy and Plan of Food Security (PNSAN Observatório Socioambiental em Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional: análise dos indicadores... Redes (St. Cruz Sul, Online, v. 21, nº 2, p. 49 - 62, maio/ago. 2016 50 and PLANSAN 2012/2015. The PLANSAN proposes sixty indicators divided into seven dimensions, which are clearly related to the Millennium Development Goals. In order to operationalize these indicators in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS, the Socio-Environmental Food Security Observatory of Rio Grande do Sul (OBSSAN-RS was created in partnership with the State Council for Nutrition and Food Security (CONSEA-RS and the Informatics Department of UFRGS. In this context, the aim of this paper is to present the analysis of indicators of Dimension I (Food Production of the OBSSAN-RS at municipal level, discussing the importance of this tool for monitoring the establishment of the Human Right to Adequate Food (DHAA. The data available to the municipal level were compared with the indicators suggested by PLANSAN. It was observed that although contemplate important information for understanding the context of food production in the municipalities of the state, the proposed indicators have not reached entirely the requirements to monitoring the SAN in this territorial level, so adapting it is necessary to rating the state of SAN in municipalities of the RS.

La Necesidad de redefinir ambiente en el debate científico actual

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Inés Gazzano Santos

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Resumen En las últimas cuatro décadas el pensamiento ambiental ha generado una rica producción teórica, forzando la transformación del conjunto del pensamiento científico. Centrando las preocupaciones teóricas en las zonas de bordes disciplinares, conduce a la redefinición continua del objeto de la temática ambiental para orientar las intervenciones. Objeto que mutó desde la ingenua definición de medio ambiente, ambiente, sistema ambiental, sistema socioambiental, sistema complejo, integrando también aspectos operativos como: multiescalaridad, e interdisciplinariedad. Los esfuerzos teóricos, articulados con el desarrollo de aspectos prácticos permitieron avanzar en la capacidad de comprensión del “objeto ambiente” desde las perspectivas clásicas, construidas sobre los paradigmas de la modernidad, llegando en los últimos años a un punto de agotamiento. La búsqueda de la solución a este problema se ubica en el límite de superación del postulado dualista, intentando la unificación sociedad – naturaleza. Es desde esta identificación del problema, e intentando conectar los principales aportes teóricos generados en las discusiones más o menos difusas sobre ambiente, sistemas complejos y de la ciencia transdisciplinaria, que se propone una construcción conceptual de sistema ambiental, que posibilite su resignificación y una nueva autorreferencialidad, como condición necesaria para una nueva lectura, interpretación y acción en los territorios concretos.

Responsabilidade socioambiental e o incremento nas exportações brasileiras: um paradoxo (Environmental responsibility and the increase in Brazilian exports: a paradox

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Zysman Neiman

2012-06-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the results of empirical research conducted among 59 major Brazilian companies to verify whether the environmental management practices - one of the foundations of Sustainability the model TBL (Triple Bottom Line - may influence the commercial success in competitive international market. The sample used consisted of Brazilian companies, most of them internationalized, and therefore it can be seen that the results reflects a reality that goes beyond the borders. Using a structural equation modeling technique it was possible to conclude that corporate environmental management integrated with R & D and marketing promotion provides an important link with export performance. Beyond these considerations, important discoveries in relation to other characteristics that may influence the competitiveness are also treated, as lack of support from senior management, the existence of a very low awareness about the importance of sustainability and also the existence of weak sustainability communication with internal and external stakeholders. The paper concludes with some recommendations for future research and for professionals. Este trabajo presenta los resultados de la investigación empírica llevada a cabo entre 59 de las empresas brasileñas más importantes, para verificar si las prácticas de gestión ambiental, uno de los fundamentos de la sostenibilidad del modelo TBL (Triple Bottom Line – Triple resultado, pueden influir en el éxito comercial de estas empresas en el competitivo mercado internacional. La muestra de análisis está compuesta por empresas brasileñas, la mayoría de ellas internacionalizadas, por lo que los resultados reflejan una realidad que va más allá de las fronteras del país. Usando una técnica de modelado de ecuaciones estructurales se pudo determinar que la gestión medioambiental de las empresas integradas en I+D y la promoción de marketing están directamente relacionadas con los resultados de exportación. Más allá de estas consideraciones, también se analizan descubrimientos relacionados con otras características que pueden influir en la competitividad, como la falta de apoyo de la alta dirección, la existencia de poca conciencia sobre la importancia de la sostenibilidad, o una escasa comunicación con grupos de interés internos y externos. El documento concluye con algunas recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones y para los profesionales. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de pesquisa empírica realizada junto a 59 importantes empresas brasileiras a fim de verificar se as práticas de gestão ambiental – um dos alicerces do modelo TBL (Triple bottom line de Sustentabilidade - podem influenciar o sucesso comercial no mercado competitivo internacional. A amostra utilizada consistiu em empresas brasileiras, a maioria deles internacionalizada, e os resultados refletem uma realidade que extrapola as fronteiras. Usando técnicas de modelagem de equações estruturais é possível concluir que a gestão ambiental corporativa integrada com P&D e promoção de marketing fornece uma relação importante com o desempenho das exportações. Além dessas considerações, importantes descobertas em relação a outras características que podem influenciar a competitividade também são tratadas como: falta de apoio da gerência sênior, a existência de uma consciência muito baixo sobre a importância da sustentabilidade e também a existência de comunicação de sustentabilidade fraca com as partes interessadas internas e externas. O artigo é concluído com algumas recomendações para futuras pesquisas e para os profissionais. DOWNLOAD THIS PAPER FROM SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2078897

A Incorporação da Gestão Socioambiental na Estratégia Competitiva: Um Estudo de Caso no Setor Sucroalcooleiro

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Débora Zumkeller Sabonaro

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The incorporation of sustainable patterns of use and exploitation of natural resources is seen as a differentiator able to generate competitive advantages within an organizational context. Thus, companies have sought to integrate the principles and practices of sustainable development in their business context, reconciling economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainability. This study has as its central objective to know the main aspects that guide the company's actions towards environmental responsibility as a competitive strategy. For this, initially carried out a literature review on issues related to environmental management and environmental responsibility. Then a case study through interviews and documentary analysis into one of the leading companies in the Brazilian sugarcane sector was prepared. The results show the key role of the incorporation of socio-environmental imprint on the strategic dimension of the company. The company studied has developed in this direction, in which the main aspects of economic management business has incorporated environmental dimension. Similarly, the alcohol sector as a whole has also followed this direction, in which the correct environmental resource management shall fundamentally by a new design in relation to the management of people, technology and processes.

O valor percebido para o consumidor nas dimensões socioambiental, econômica e tecnológica da cadeia produtiva do biodiesel

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Ana Cristina de Faria

2013-01-01

Full Text Available A inclusão do biodiesel como fonte renovável na matriz energética do Brasil, tem demandado esforços e direcionado ações estratégicas na priorização das dimensões socioambientais, econômicas e tecnológicas junto à cadeia produtiva do biodiesel. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar o valor percebido pelos consumidores finais quanto às dimensões socioambientais, econômicas etecnológicas na produção de fontes de energias renováveis de combustíveis. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa descritiva, desenvolvida junto a condutores de ônibus identificados como um dos stakeholders da referida cadeia de suprimentos. Constatou-se uma priorização das dimensões social e ambiental, consideradas como principais valores percebidos pelo consumidor, se comparadas com as dimensões econômicas e tecnológicas. Os aspectos identificados como importantes referem-se à redução do efeito estufa e das emissões de gases tóxicos, a produção de energia renovável e a geração deemprego. Nota-se com os resultados obtidos, a necessidade de umaorganização do conhecimento e produção de informações estratégicas,integrando o consumidor na cadeia produtiva e na construção dodesenvolvimento sustentável.Abstract The inclusion of biodiesel as a renewable source of energy matrix in Brazil, hasdemanded efforts and strategic actions aimed at prioritizing social and environmental dimensions, economic and technological with the biodiesel production chain. This research aims to examine the value perceived by end users about the environmental and social dimensions, economic and technological production of renewable energy fuels. The methodology is characterized as descriptive qualitative research,conducted at the bus drivers identified as a stakeholder of that supply chain. The research showed a prioritization of environmental and social values considered as the main perceived by the consumer, as compared with the economical and technological dimensions. Identified as important the aspects related to the reductionof greenhouse gases and emission of toxic gases, renewable the production of energy and employment generation. Notes up with the results the need for knowledge organization and production of strategic information, integrating the consumer in the productive chain and building of sustainable development.

Análise exploratória espacial de indicadores de desenvolvimento socioambiental das regiões de planejamento do norte e nordeste goiano

OpenAIRE

Nunes, Fabrizia Gioppo

2013-01-01

v.7, n1, p.237-250, jan./abr. 2013. A análise espacial permite a compreensão da distribuição dos dados advindos de fenômenos ocorridos em certa região geográfica. Permite descrever e visualizar as distribuições espaciais globais e locais, descobrir padrões de associação espacial (clusters), analisar instabilidades espaciais e identificar situações atípicas (outliers). No interesse de oferecer um instrumento simples e eficaz que infere a magnitude da autocorrelação espacial baseando em dado...

Evaluation of protection measurements for rural environments; Avaliacao de medidas de protecao para ambientes rurais

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, Diogo N.G.; Silva, Fernanda L.; Conti, Luiz F., E-mail: dneves@ird.gov.b, E-mail: lfcconti@ird.gov.b, E-mail: fleite@ird.gov.b [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria (IRD/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Wasserman, Maria Angelica V., E-mail: maria.wasserman@pq.cnpq.b [Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear (IEN/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Rochedo, Elaine R.R., E-mail: erochedo@cnen.gov.b [Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CODIN/CNEN), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Coord. de Instalacoes Nucleares

2011-10-26

Among the planning activities of actuation in nuclear/radiological emergences, it is included the efficiency evaluation of protection and remediation measurements. From the development of a data base on such measurements for the agricultural areas, the program SIEM was used for effectuation the simulations involving the {sup 137}Cs, {sup 131}I and {sup 90}Sr radionuclides, in scenery previously established for simulation those areas of a 50 km surrounding the Admiral Alvaro Alberto nuclear power plant. The obtained results indicate that the scenery is determinant of efficiency measurements involving various specific factors of each place, such as: agricultural and cattle breeding products, consumption habits of population and the grade of subsistence by the diet items, making not practical the elaboration of predefined generic sceneries. The great dependence on seasoning related to the moment of accident makes inadequate any previous evaluation what soever for evaluation of efficiency of protection and remediation measurements. Therefore, previous decisions are not recommended about the relevance of protection measurements for rural areas. Two classification criteria were defined: (i) the efficiency in reduction the doses in the firs year; and, (i i) efficiency in reduction the dose at long term

Cerebral toxoplasmosis in AIDS - computerized tomography evaluation; Toxoplasmose cerebral na SIDA - avaliacao por tomografia computadorizada

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Alves, Regina Coeli Fonseca [Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ (Brazil). Hospital Universitario Antonio Pedro. Servico de Radiologia; Narchiori, Edson [Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ (Brazil). Dept. de Radiologia

1999-06-01

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a disease that affects many AIDS's patients. FOr this paper 46 patients with confirmed cases of cerebral toxoplasmosis who did a CT scan between March, 1994 and September, 1997 were examined. Single lesions were found in 28.3% of the patients. The lesions were more frequently detected in the basal ganglia and the frontal lobes. No lesion was larger than 4 cm. As regards the contrast enhancing of the lesions on a CT scan we observed that 54.5% of the lesions had a ring-like contrast enhancing, 36.4% had a nodular contrast enhancing and 6% had a heterogeneous form. After the 21st day of treatment we noticed an improvement in the aspect of the patients'lesions. The improvement of the lesions could be seen through a reduction of the edematous halo, a reduction of the lesion size and a modification in the contrast enhancing on the CT scan. The CT scan was an important method to demonstrate the lesions compatibility enhancing on the CT scan. The CT scan was an important method to demonstrate the lesions compatibility with cerebral toxoplasmosis, as well as to monitor these patients during treatment. (author)

Instrumentos em Lingua Brasileira de Sinais para avaliacao da qualidade de vida da populacao surda

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Neuma Chaveiro

2013-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Construir a versão em Língua Brasileira de Sinais dos instrumentos WHOQOL-BREF e WHOQOL-DIS para avaliar a qualidade de vida da população surda brasileira. MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se metodologia proposta pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (WHOQOL-BREF e WHOQOL-DIS para a construção dos instrumentos adaptados para população surda em Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras. A pesquisa para execução do instrumento consistiu de 13 etapas: 1 criação do sinal qualidade de vida; 2 desenvolvimento das escalas de respostas em Libras; 3 tradução por um grupo bilíngue; 4 versão reconciliadora; 5 primeira retrotradução; 6 produção da versão em Libras a ser disponibilizada aos grupos focais; 7 realização dos grupos focais; 8 revisão por um grupo monolíngue; 9 revisão pelo grupo bilíngue; 10 análise sintática/semântica e segunda retrotradução; 11 reavaliação da retrotradução pelo grupo bilíngue; 12 filmagem da versão para o software; 13 desenvolvimento do software WHOQOL-BREF e WHOQOL-DIS em Libras. RESULTADOS: Características peculiares da cultura da população surda apontaram a necessidade de adaptações na metodologia de aplicação de grupos focais quando compostos por pessoas surdas. As convenções ortográficas da escrita das línguas sinalizadas não estão consolidadas, o que trouxe dificuldades em registrar graficamente as etapas de tradução. As estruturas linguísticas que causaram maiores problemas de tradução foram as que incluíram expressões idiomáticas do português, muitas sem conceitos equivalentes entre o português e a Libras. Foi possível construir um software do WHOQOL-BREF e WHOQOL-DIS em Libras. CONCLUSÕES: O WHOQOL-BREF e o WHOQOL-DIS em Libras possibilitarão que os surdos se expressem autonomamente quanto a sua qualidade de vida, o que permitirá investigar com maior precisão essas questões.

Quality evaluation of blood irradiation process;Avaliacao da qualidade do processo de irradiacao de hemocomponentes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goto, R.E.; Medeiros, R.B. [Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (DDI/UNIFESP), SP (Brazil). Dept. de Diagnostico por Imagem. Coordenadoria de Fisica e Higiene das Radiacoes

2009-07-01

An adverse reaction in blood transfusion is the graft versus host disease (GVHD). This disease affects immunodeficient or immunosuppressed patients where transfused T cells proliferate and initiate a host's immune system reaction. Blood gamma irradiation is the most efficient way to inhibit lymphocyte T blastic transformation and mitotic activity and it is the most effective method to combat this disorder. However, there is no fast and effective system to analyze the dose distribution in the irradiation process and guarantee that the absorbed doses are in agreement with FDA recommendations. This study aims to establish a periodic quality control of the gammacell irradiators using radiochromic films properly calibrated. The quality control is simply and effective to combat GVHD as well as is useful to detect mechanical fails at rotation set system through the dose uniformity analysis. It was possible to verify the uniformity ranged from -72.38% to 106.33% and some blood bag received doses not compatible with recommended international threshold. (author)

Evaluation of protection measurements for urban environments; Avaliacao de medidas de protecao para ambientes urbanos

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Rochedo, Elaine R.R., E-mail: erochedo@cnen.gov.b [Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CODIN/CNEN), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Coord. de Instalacoes Nucleares; Silva, Diogo N.G.; Nascimento, Udilma; Conti, Luiz F., E-mail: dneves@ird.gov.b, E-mail: lfcconti@ird.gov.b, E-mail: udilma@ird.gov.b [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria (IRD/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Wasserman, Maria Angelica V., E-mail: maria.wasserman@pq.cnpq.b [Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear (IEN/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2011-10-26

Radioactive accidents has shown the necessity of a previous evaluation planning of exposure and directives for implementation of protection measurements. The description or measurements in the literature usually is associated to reduction of concentrations in the medium where they are applied. For verification the efficiency in dose reduction, it is necessary to proceed simulations. Through the development of data base on protection measurements, it was established basic sceneries, typically tropical as far the building type is concerned and the construction material. The program SIEM was used for simulation of contamination with {sup 137}Cs. The results indicates that generic solutions persuade not to and the decision make processes should be effectuated according to the real conditions of contamination and the use of affected area. For affected areas, two classification criteria were defined: (1) efficiency in reducing the dose in the first year; and (2) efficiency in dose reducing at long term

Magnetomotive colon elastography: preliminary assessment; Elastografia magnetomotriz da regiao do colon: avaliacao preliminar em phantoms

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bruno, A. Colello, E-mail: alexandrecolellobruno@usp.br [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina; Grillo, F.W.; Sampaio, D.R.T.; Carneiro, A.A.O. [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Filosofia Ciencias e Letras

2015-08-15

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant neoplasm worldwide and early diagnosis reduces morbidity. The standard preventive exams methods are uncomfortable for the patient, invasive, and /or are ionizing. Here, we evaluate the potential of magneto-motive ultrasound (MMUS) as a new, minimally invasive CRC screening technique. We developed a hybrid transducer (comprised of an ultrasound probe and a magnetic coil system) to construct relative elastography maps in a paraffin phantom with isoechoic inclusions. The electromagnetic component of our system manipulated ferromagnetic fluid located inside of our synthetic colon, and the captured ultrasound images were used to produce relative elastography maps. The MMUS images reveal by otherwise invisible structures based on differences in stiffness. Ultrasound elastography (relative) images by MMUs technique complements usual preventive CRC exams, is minimally invasive, has relative low cost when compared with others image methods. Also is fast diagnose and more comfortable for patient which prevents withdrawal of the screening. (author)

Impacts evaluation: recent experience in rural electrification; Avaliacao de impactos: experiencia recente em eletrificacao rural

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pereira, Marcio Giannini; Rodrigues, Alexia de Freitas; Paz, Luciana Rocha Leal da [Centro de Pesquisas de Energia Eletrica (CEPEL), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Camacho, Cristiane Farias [Fundacao Padre Leonel Franca (FPLF), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2008-07-01

The electric power is one of the important requirements for the promotion of the social inclusion and of the development, especially in rural areas. In order to fill out this gap, the Brazilian government established as a goal reaches the universalization of the public electric energy services to provide conditions for the improvement of the quality of life of the urban and rural population. In this sense, the evaluation of the recent experiences in rural electrification can be of great help to achieve this objective in an efficient way. The results of such evaluation can point out some actions for the universalization of the attendance seeking for the continuous improvement of the planning and decision making process, either in the direction of the attendance of the proposed goals or in the poverty mitigation. (author)

Evaluation of operation strategies of hybrid systems; Avaliacao de estrategias de operacao de sistemas hibridos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hauschild, Luciano; Zilles, Roberto [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Inst. de Eletrotecnica e Energia. Lab. de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos]. E-mail: lucianoh@iee.usp.br

2006-07-01

This article evaluates the operation strategies of photovoltaic-eolic-diesel hybrid systems used for the rural area applied to two cases studies placed at the Cardoso Island, SP. The operation strategies evaluation is performed by simulation using data collected at the Cardoso Island such as electric power consumption profile and the solar and wind potential. With those data, simulation have been done considering different operation strategies and different levels of renewable energies penetration in the total energy produced by the system, in order to obtain system operation results such as Diesel oil consumption and depth of average discharge of the battery banks. From the simulation results an economic analysis have been done by using elements data from the cost of life average cycle (LAC) for determining which strategy is the most adequate for operation the electric power supply hybrid system.

Environmental impact evaluation from large energy projects; Avaliacao de impacto ambiental de grandes projetos energeticos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Uribe, Alberto [Bahia Univ., Salvador, BA (Brazil)

1985-12-31

This paper builds up theoretical framework and methodological approaches to assess environmental impacts from large energy projects. It aims towards the definition of concrete tools, and technical proceedings to allow identification and quantification (or weighing) of effects on the natural and social environment. The environmental impacts assessment, (EIA), studies are described as important instruments in planning and in the choice of alternative energy policies. (author). 15 refs., 2 figs

Avaliacao da seguranca de diferentes doses de suplementos de acido folico em mulheres do Brasil

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Quenia dos Santos

2013-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO Avaliar a distribuição da ingestão de ácido fólico e a segurança de diferentes doses de suplementos em mulheres em idade reprodutiva. MÉTODOS Foram utilizados dados de consumo a partir de dois dias não consecutivos de registro alimentar de 6.837 mulheres em idade reprodutiva (19 a 40 anos participantes do Inquérito Nacional de Alimentação, módulo da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares 2008-2009. Médias e percentis de consumo habitual de folato natural e ácido fólico foram estimados utilizando o método do National Cancer Institute . Cinco cenários foram simulados somando-se diferentes doses diárias de fortificação (400 mcg, 500 mcg, 600 mcg, 700 mcg e 800 mcg ao ácido fólico oriundo dos alimentos consumidos pelas mulheres. Comparou-se o total de ácido fólico (dieta + suplemento com o nível máximo de ingestão tolerável (UL = 1.000 mcg para definir a dose segura de suplementação. RESULTADOS Mulheres com ingestão habitual de ácido fólico acima do nível máximo de ingestão tolerável foram observadas para doses de suplemento de 800 mcg (7,0% das mulheres. Abaixo desse valor, qualquer dose de suplementação mostrou-se segura. CONCLUSÕES O uso de suplementos de até 700 mcg de ácido fólico mostrou-se seguro.

Renal dynamic scintigraphy in renal graft evaluation; Cintilografia renal dinamica na avaliacao do transplante renal

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cervo, Marco Antonio Cadorna; Amarante Junior, Jose Luiz de Medeiros; Souza, Ricardo Alberto Manhaes de; Evangelista, Maria Gardenia; Cavalcante, Carlos Alberto Provasi; Neder, Jacqueline de Roure e; Espinola, Ircania Jorge [Hospital Naval Marcilio Dias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Servico de Medicina Nuclear

1996-12-31

The goal of this was to describe the use of the dynamic renal scintigraphy in patients grafted. The authors described the scintigraphy method utilised and results were discussed 8 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.

Lideranças comunitárias e o cuidado com a saúde, o meio ambiente e o saneamento nas áreas de vulnerabilidade social

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Ester Feche Guimarães de Arruda Juliano

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Resumo O objetivo principal do artigo é identificar o acesso a: programas de inclusão da assistência social, assistência dos agentes de saúde, serviços públicos de abastecimento de água e práticas economizadoras de água, em áreas de ocupação irregular. Adotou-se técnica de amostra aleatória estratificada por conglomerados com estratégia de amostragem simples. No universo de 14.079 domicílios, foram entrevistados 68 líderes, representando 6.800 domicílios em média, numa distribuição normalizada (média 0 e desvio padrão 1 foram englobados as situações que cobrem 96% dos casos com uma margem de erro de + ou – 1% da média. A abordagem teórica propõem uma reflexão e verificação por meio de questionários sobre os mecanismos de exclusão, sendo que a pobreza perpetua o círculo vicioso de desigualdade, riscos para a saúde e meio ambiente, sendo necessário que sejam considerados nas políticas e procedimentos por conta da expansão urbana. Como conclusão, identifica-se diversos desafios para o atendimento às áreas de vulnerabilidade socioambiental: melhorar a baixa qualidade de serviços de saúde e saneamento nos aglomerados subnormais; modificar o comportamento da população acessando as redes de forma clandestina; e implantar mecanismos de governança inclusiva.

Local sustainable development: proposal of new arrangement for the development of social entrepreneurs Desenvolvimento Local Sustentável: Projeto de novos modos sócio-produtivos e de sistemas alternativos de produção e emprego

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Takeshy Tachizawa

2011-03-01

Full Text Available A diagnosis was developed in the context social and environmental of the city Campo Limpo Paulista and region, for the creation of an incubator destined for the development of social entrepreneurs and technical support to the businessmen of the small sized company. Was based on empirical research carried out in accordance with grounded theory. The present survey there was consulted residents of the region, tourists and made an inventory of the infrastructure of native resources, cultural, historical, economic and social of the city. The results of the inquiry provided subsidies to the projection of the local sustainable development, centered in the creation of a social incubator, of installment of technical services to the entrepreneurs of the region.Desenvolveu-se um diagnóstico no contexto socioambiental de Campo Limpo Paulista e região, para a criação de uma incubadora destinada ao desenvolvimento de empreendedores sociais e suporte técnico aos empresários de micro e pequenas empresas - MPE voltados ao turismo ecológico. Foi baseado em pesquisa empírica realizada de acordo com a grounded theory. Nesta pesquisa foram consultados moradores da região, turistas e efetuado um inventário da infra-estrutura dos recursos naturais, culturais, históricos, econômicos e sociais do município. Os resultados da pesquisa proporcionaram subsídios ao planejamento do desenvolvimento local sustentável, centrado na criação de uma incubadora social, de prestação de serviços técnicos aos empreendedores da região.

Indicadores de sustentabilidade em medicina laboratorial Sustainability indicators in laboratory medicine

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Claudia Diório Uliani

2011-06-01

Full Text Available O artigo apresenta os princípios conceituais sobre desenvolvimento sustentável, sustentabilidade e avalia a evolução e os impactos na economia, no meio ambiente e na sociedade. Discutem-se a aplicabilidade dos conceitos de sustentabilidade empresarial na medicina laboratorial e os desafios inerentes à implantação no laboratório clínico. O impacto dos indicadores de sustentabilidade e seu papel no processo de gestão também são analisados criticamente sob a ótica do balanço socioambiental. O texto apresenta ainda algumas ferramentas para avaliação e interpretação dos indicadores e sua aplicação no processo de análise crítica. Finalmente, o artigo descreve a importância dos indicadores de sustentabilidade na prática do benchmarking e sua aplicabilidade no laboratório clínicoThe article presents the conceptual principles on sustainable development and sustainability. Furthermore, it evaluates the progress and impacts on the economy, environment and society. It discusses the applicability of the concepts of corporate sustainability in laboratory medicine and the challenges of deployment in the clinical laboratory. The impact of sustainability indicators and their role in management are also critically reviewed from the perspective of social and environmental balance. Additionally, the text provides some tools for evaluation and interpretation of indicators and their corresponding application in the critical analysis process. Lastly, the article describes the importance of sustainability indicators in the practice of benchmarking and its applicability in the clinical laboratory

Mapeamento de vulnerabilidades socioambientais e de contextos de promoção da saúde ambiental na comunidade rural do Lamarão, Distrito Federal, 2011

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Fernando Ferreira Carneiro

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: realizar atividade de ensino e extensão com alunos de graduação para construção de diagnóstico participativo sobre as condições de vida, ambiente e trabalho em núcleo populacional rural, visando subsidiar ações de promoção da saúde pela equipe de agentes comunitários da Estratégia Saúde da Família. MÉTODOS: trabalho realizado no Núcleo Rural do Lamarão, no Distrito Federal, de outubro/2010 a janeiro/2011. Alunos, conjuntamente com agentes comunitários de saúde, por meio de entrevistas, visitas e oficinas, aplicaram instrumentos de Estimativa Participativa Rápida e de construção de mapa de vulnerabilidade socioambiental e de contextos de promoção da saúde ambiental. RESULTADOS: identificaram-se como promotores da vida na comunidade: diversidade de produção de alimentos, liberdade e segurança, união e organização da comunidade, geração de empregos e natureza. Foram considerados ameaçadores à vida: cultura alimentar, uso inadequado de agrotóxicos, uso incorreto de equipamentos de proteção individual, pulverização aérea, falta de lazer, falta de transporte, uso de drogas lícitas e ilícitas. CONCLUSÃO: a partir do diagnóstico, será construído um projeto de intervenção participativo que incorporará características de ensino, pesquisa e extensão na relação Saúde, Trabalho, Ambiente e Nutrição.

Entre o real e o percebido: moradia e meio ambiente na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba – o caso do Projeto Novo Guarituba Between the actual and the perceived: housing and environment in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba – the case of the New Guarituba Project

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Juliano Geraldi

2010-11-01

Full Text Available A ocupação irregular dos mananciais de água é um dos maiores problemas ambientais urbanos do Brasil.Na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba, PR, dentre as áreas comprometidas com ocupação inadequada,o Guarituba se destaca pelo número de ocupantes e pela localização em área de importância estratégicapara a preservação do meio ambiente e para o sistema de abastecimento de água. Mais do que os conflitosentre legislações ambiental e urbanística, existe a construção de uma controvérsia socioambiental, ondese interpõem o direito à moradia e o direito ao meio ambiente. Com a implantação do Projeto NovoGuarituba – que tenta articular regularização fundiária, obras de saneamento e preservação ambiental –, épossível observar os atores que possuem interesse efetivo no uso dos mananciais. O artigo analisa, a partirda categoria de territorialidade discursiva, o regime de justificação dos atores e os espaços de concertaçãoutilizados para a aprovação do projeto. Identifica-se a delimitação de quatro territorialidades que foramdenominadas: mercantil, preservacionista, pragmática e estruturalista. O artigo enfatiza a multijustificaçãocomo capacidade de negociação, a participação enquanto política renegada e o papel da mídia. Conclui-sesobre a importância do planejamento como principal instrumento de deliberação pública.

Impacto del proyecto “Con una botella podemos todos” en instituciones educativas bogotanas

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Gladys Amparo Cárdenas-Frías

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: determinar el impacto, en los ámbitos psico- socio-ambiental, del proyecto Con una botella podemos todos, en dos instituciones educativas distritales de Bogotá. Materiales y Métodos: estudio cualitativo de carácter descriptivo, fenomenológico. La muestra de 126 participantes (108 estudiantes, 1 docente, 17 estudiantes de enfermería se obtuvo por conveniencia, de tipo no probabilístico. Las variables del estudio se centran en la relacion existente entre lo que piensa, siente y hace la persona o grupo investigado cuando participa y se ve enfrentado en actividades y/o procesos para reciclar y su influencia en el campo ambiental. Para la recolección de la información se utilizó una encuesta de 15 ítems con preguntas abiertas, dirigida a los estudiantes participantes de las dos instituciones, una entrevista de 13 ítems para el docente y los estudiantes de enfermería (grupo focal. Resultados: el plástico es el material de mayor reducción. De 8 a 10 personas reducen el consumo en un 50 %; más del 90 % mostraron una motivación extrínseca que los impulsó a actuar y cuidar el planeta, el medio ambiente y la familia. El 76,85 % del grupo encuestado se sintieron tranquilos, felices y, orgullosos como ciudadanos conscientes. Conclusiones: con los procesos de reciclaje se logra una mejora en la participación colectiva o social, en el entendimiento del otro como persona y en la importancia de realizar acciones individuales con el fin de buscar un bien común.

A PEGADA DE CARBONO DA UNIDADE SEDE DA PETROBRAS EM NATAL-RN

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Ricardo Teixeira Gregório Andrade

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Face ao contexto contemporâneo das alterações climáticas, os setores industriais e empresariais têm buscado medidas para minimizar os impactos das suas emissões de Gases Efeito Estufa. Contudo, a maioria das ações de Responsabilidade SocioAmbiental Empresarial quanto à temática referem-se apenas às emissões diretas dos principais processos produtivos empresariais, sem considerar as emissões upstream e downstream, que originam a maior parte das emissões derivadas da existência de uma empresa. A consideração das emissões de todo o ciclo de vida produtivo de produtos e processos, desde a extração da matéria-prima até a distribuição do produto final e descarte, constitui a Pegada de Carbono. O objetivo desse estudo foi a mensuração, e estudo de formas de minoração, de parte da Pegada de Carbono da Unidade Sede da Petrobras em Natal-RN. Trata-se de um levantamento, em que os dados foram submetidos à metodologia apropriada e laborados com uso do software GEMIS 4.6. Os itens avaliados foram os veículos automotivos (emissões diretas, energia elétrica, papel e copos plásticos descartáveis (emissões indiretas, totalizando emissões de 3.811,94 tCO2eq em 2009. Dado o porte da Petrobras, sua atenção quanto à redução de sua Pegada de Carbono serve de exemplo a outras empresas, instruindo lições de gestão e melhores práticas ambientais.

Evaluation of biological analysis program for iodine 131; Avaliacao do programa de bioanalise para Iodo-131

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Gaburo, J.C.; Todo, A.S.; Potiens Junior, A.; Oliveira, E.M.; Sordi, G.M.A.A. [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

1997-12-31

A program for the occupational control of internal contamination for the Radioisotopes Division workers of the IPEN-CNEN/SP has been performed by in vitro and in vivo bioassay techniques, every two weeks. From the assessment of the monitoring program, two groups of workers were identified in accordance with their activities and handling frequency {sup 131} I. The groups A and B are exposed five and three days respectively every week. In this program, urinalysis methods, thyroid and whole body measurements have been evaluated over the year. The sampling scheme, performed every two week, was altered for weekly, in order to minimize the interpretation errors and to get a better estimative of the intake. This study also provides and evaluation of the cost for the weekly urinalysis sampling method. (author) 6 refs., 1 fig.; e-mail: janetegc at net.ipen.br

Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of traumatic muscle injuries; Avaliacao por ressonancia magnetica das injurias musculares traumaticas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dias, Elisa Pompeu [Santa Casa de Misericordia do Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Marchiori, Edson [Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ (Brazil). Dept. de Radiologia; Coutinho Junior, Antonio Carlos; Domingues, Romulo Cortes; Domingues, Romeu Cortes [Centro Medico Barrashopping, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Clinica de Diagnostico por Imagem (CDPI)

2001-12-01

We evaluated 43 magnetic resonance scans of the leg or thigh of patients suffering from sports trauma. Strains were the most frequent lesions observed. These lesions presented iso- or hypointense signal on T1 and hyperintense signal on T2 images, and were classified according to the intensity of the injury of the fibers into grades 1, 2 and 3. The second most common lesions in these series were contusions that appeared iso- or hypointense on T1 and hyperintense on T2 images. Fibrosis was also observed as low signal lesions on T1 and T2 images. (author)

Angra 3 - economic and financial evaluation of the enterprise; Angra 3 - avaliacao economico-financeira do empreendimento

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Andrade, Ronaldo Barata de [ELETROBRAS Termonuclear S.A. (ELETRONUCLEAR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)]. E-mail: rbarata@eletronuclear.gov.br

2006-07-01

This paper presents an updated economic-financial evaluation of Angra 3 Nuclear Power Plant project and estimates the lowest power tariff value at which power potentially made available may be commercialized and yet ensures the project a profitability level agreeable to the interests of economic agents and shareholders. According to the project evaluation practice, Angra 3 power generation was considered separately from ELETRONUCLEAR operating plants (Angra 1 and Angra 2), thus preventing result distortions bound to occur if the economic-financial variables of the new project were analyzed associated with financial commitments and commercialization conditions resulting from the project implementation process and the generated power commercialization conditions, respectively. For this evaluation different technical and economic scenarios were devised, and the theory of Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) for Own Capital cost and that of Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) were used in addition to the forecast of the Statement of Results and Free Cash flow of Shareholders throughout the power plant life, which is the estimate basis for the lowest power tariff value and the Internal Return Rate (IRR) of the project. (author)

Crystallinity evaluation of polyhydroxybutyrate and polycaprolactone blends; Avaliacao da cristalinidade de blendas de polihidroxibutirato e policaprolactona

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Cavalcante, Maxwell P.; Rodrigues, Elton Jorge R.; Tavares, Maria Ines B., E-mail: maxdpc@gmail.com [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Instituto de Macromoleculas

2015-07-01

Polyhydroxybutyrate, PHB, is a polymer obtained through bacterial or synthetic pathways. It has been used in the biomedical field as a matrix for drug delivery, medical implants and as scaffold material for tissue engineering. PHB has high structural organization, which makes it highly crystalline and brittle, making biodegradation difficult, reducing its employability. In order to enhance the mechanical and biological properties of PHB, blends with other polymers, biocompatible or not, are researched and produced. In this regard, blends of PHB and polycaprolactone, PCL, another biopolymer widely used in the biomedical industry, were obtained via solution casting and were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR). Results have shown a dependence between PHB's crystallinity index and PCL quantity employed to obtain the blends.(author)

Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous: imaging evaluation; Persistencia hiperplastica do vitreo primitivo: avaliacao por metodos de imagem

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Jacob, Beatriz Mahmud; Teixeira, Kim-Ir-Sen Santos; Figueiredo, Sizenildo da Silva; Nobrega, Bruno Barcelos da [Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania (Brazil). Hospital das Clinicas. Dept. de Diagnostico por Imagem]. E-mail: biamjacob@hotmail.com

2003-06-01

Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) is a congenital developmental anomaly of the eye that primarily affects premature infants. PHPV results from failure of regression of the embryogenic primary vitreous and hyaloid vasculature, and proliferation of connective tissue. Three types of PHPV may be found: anterior, posterior and a combination of anterior and posterior. The clinical findings include leukocoria (white pupillary reflex) and microphthalmic eye. This anomaly is usually unilateral and unassociated with other systemic findings. The differential diagnosis between PHPV and other ocular diseases may be difficult due to similar features such as leukocoria, detached retina, retinal folds and cataract. Other diseases with similar features include retinoblastoma, isolated congenital cataract, retinopathy of prematurity and pseudo gliomas or leukocorias. Direct visualization of the remnants of the fetal hyaloid vascular system offers the best evidence of PHPV. However, diagnosis using the ophthalmoscope is sometimes impossible because of opaque tissues. In this circumstance an indirect visualization by ultrasound, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging may be useful. These imaging methods provide valuable information for the differentiation from other diseases, particularly retinoblastoma. The authors present a review of the literature and an iconographic study of the imaging findings in patients with PHPV. (author)

Avaliacao de interacoes medicamentosas potenciais em prescricoes da atencao primaria de Vitoria da Conquista (BA), Brasil

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Danyllo Fabio Lessa Leao; Cristiano Soares de Moura; Danielle Souto de Medeiros

2014-01-01

As interações medicamentosas são fatores de risco para a ocorrência de reações adversas a medicamentos. Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar as interações medicamentosas potenciais em prescrições da atenção primária de Vitória da Conquista (BA), visando preencher a lacuna de conhecimento sobre essa temática no Brasil. Foram coletadas informações sobre diversas variáveis de prescrições oriundas da atenção primária e as interações medicamentosas avaliadas a partir dos bancos de dados do Medsc...

Avaliacao de interacoes medicamentosas potenciais em prescricoes da atencao primaria de Vitoria da Conquista (BA, Brasil

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Danyllo Fabio Lessa Leao

2014-01-01

Full Text Available As interações medicamentosas são fatores de risco para a ocorrência de reações adversas a medicamentos. Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar as interações medicamentosas potenciais em prescrições da atenção primária de Vitória da Conquista (BA, visando preencher a lacuna de conhecimento sobre essa temática no Brasil. Foram coletadas informações sobre diversas variáveis de prescrições oriundas da atenção primária e as interações medicamentosas avaliadas a partir dos bancos de dados do Medscape e Micromedex(r. Verificou-se ainda a frequência de polifarmácia e associação desta com a ocorrência de interações medicamentosas. Os resultados mostraram frequência de 48,9% de interações medicamentosas, 74,9% delas de gravidade moderada ou maior, e 8,6% de prescrições em polifarmácia que, em teste qui-quadrado, mostrou associação positiva com ocorrência de interações medicamentosas potenciais (p < 0,001. As prescrições oriundas da atenção primária de Vitória da Conquista (BA apresentaram uma alta frequência de interações medicamentosas, porém faz-se necessária a análise de outros fatores de risco para ocorrência destas nesse nível de atenção à saúde.

Probabilistic evaluation of the Brazilian interconnected power systems; Avaliacao probabilistica do desempenho do sistema interligado brasileiro

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Melo, A C.G.; Mello, J C.O.; Romero, S P; Oliveira, G C [Centro de Pesquisas de Energia Eletrica (CEPEL), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Fontoura Filho, R N [ELETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

1994-12-31

This paper describes the main features of the NH{sub 2} model, developed for the probabilistic evaluation of the adequacy of large scale power systems. The system analysis is carried out through a full set of indicators, including reliability indices and probability distributions of selected variables, such as area interchanges, power flow in circuits, voltage in buses etc. These indicators are calculated in two stages: before and after the introduction of remedial actions. Also, the model yields the representation of system hourly load curve, with uncertainty around the load levels. The flexibility and performance of the NH2 model are illustrated in case studies with a 1400-bus, configuration of the Brazilian system. (author) 12 refs., 11 figs., 6 tabs.

Implementation and evaluation of a batch digester; Implementacao e avaliacao de um biodigestor de producao discontinua

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Duarte Neto, Ely Dias; Alvarenga, Leonardo Henrique; Costa, Lilian de Melo; Nascimento, Paulo Henrique; Silveira, Rafael Zanini; Leite, Leonardo Henrique de Melo [Centro Universitario de Belo Horizonte (UniBH), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil)], e-mails: ely.neto@materdei.com.br, lh.alvarenga@uol.com.br, lilianmello16@yahoo.com.br, paulonascimento88@hotmail.com, rafaelzanini_15@yahoo.com.br, leonardo.leite@prof.unibh.br

2010-07-01

The human development is intrinsically linked to the types of energy that had access. The control of the fire was the first big step for mankind. The use of Natural gas begins in the twentieth century in America, but with exports to Russia with the largest reserves on the planet, natural gas took place in the coal fired power. Today natural gas has become the world more energy used in power plants and is the fastest growing energy use in the world. This article describes an experimental implementation of a digester showing the equivalence between the production of biogas and the amount of material used and the practice that seeks to provide a small producer of an energy source. The biomass, after passing through the digester and producing biogas, also produces bio fertilizer for fertilization of soils. (author)

CT in the evaluation of severe liver trauma; Tomografia computadorizada na avaliacao do trauma hepatico grave

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Machado, Marcel Autran C. [Sao Paulo Univ., SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas; Souza Rocha, Manoel de; Machado, Manoel C.C. [Sao Paulo Univ., SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina; Macedo Neto, Augusto Cesar de; Maciel, Rosangela Pereira; Simonetti, Celso

1995-05-01

Abdominal CT is a common examination in the evaluation of patients with blunt abdominal trauma and clinical suspicion for solid organ injury when reasons for immediate laparotomy are not present. A case of major blunt hepatic injury in a 22-year-old patient is reported. The authors present a brief review of the literature and discussion about the role of CT scan in the evaluation of hepatic trauma, surgical planning and postoperative follow-up. (author). 15 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.

Valoración socioambiental de los recursos naturales: el caso de los recursos minerales en la parte central de Baja California Sur, México

OpenAIRE

Luis F. Beltrán Morales; Víctor Sevilla Unda; Macià Blázquez Salom; Federico Salinas Zavala; Felipe García Rodrígez

2005-01-01

Se seleccionaron 15 localidades ubicadas en el radio de influencia de dos depósitos evaluados de fosfato, esto con la finalidad de aplicar el método de valoración contingente del recurso y su medio ambiente: el depósito de Tembabichi en el margen del Golfo de California y el depósito de Santo Domingo en la costa del Pacífico en Baja California Sur, México. Se encontró una disposición media a pagar por los habitantes del área de estudio de $29.77 pesos mensuales para colaborar con el medio amb...

Valoración socioambiental de los recursos naturales: el caso de los recursos minerales en la parte central de Baja California Sur, México

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Luis F. Beltrán Morales

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Se seleccionaron 15 localidades ubicadas en el radio de influencia de dos depósitos evaluados de fosfato, esto con la finalidad de aplicar el método de valoración contingente del recurso y su medio ambiente: el depósito de Tembabichi en el margen del Golfo de California y el depósito de Santo Domingo en la costa del Pacífico en Baja California Sur, México. Se encontró una disposición media a pagar por los habitantes del área de estudio de $29.77 pesos mensuales para colaborar con el medio ambiente de su región. Hipotéticamente se daría una valoración contingente en el total del área de estudio de $227 859.58 pesos mensuales, es decir, $2 734 314.9 pesos anuales. Es una cantidad considerable de recursos para contribuir a mejoras en el medio ambiente por comunidades rurales con signos de marginación socioeconómica.

La paz de los guerreros. Una experiencia de transformación de conflicto socioambiental en territorios del pueblo awajún de Cajamarca - Perú

OpenAIRE

Sanca Vega, Ingrid Nerina

2017-01-01

Los conflictos sociales por el territorio y los recursos naturales se intensificaron ante la promoción de un modelo económico extractivista que ha generado graves impactos en el medioambiente, en el bienestar de las poblaciones locales y la seguridad de sus territorios. Las resistencias populares, la criminalización de quienes defienden derechos y la confrontación al interior de las organizaciones, son solo algunos de los perjudiciales efectos asociados a los proyectos mineros en Perú y Latin...

La trama identitária del conflicto socioambiental en perspectiva psico-política: El caso de tres organizaciones de Córdoba, Argentina (2012

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Renzo Aghemo

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Explora-se a identidade política de três organizações sócio-ambientais de Córdoba (Argentina. Como parte de um desenho exploratório qualitativo, entrevistas em profundidade foram realizadas com seus membros, estruturadas por uma guia que incluiu dimensões da identificação endogrupal e a diferenciação exogrupal. Os resultados destacam o conteúdo contra-hegemônico consubstanciado na ação de tais organizações e suas características identitárias associadas com uma gramática moral que implica o respeito pela liberdade, autonomia, igualdade, democracia de alta intensidade, horizontalidade e solidariedade. The article The Identity of Social-Environmental Con­flict in a Psycho-Political Perspective: The Case of Three Organizations in Córdoba, Argentina (2012 explores the political identity of three socio-environmental organizations in Córdoba, Argentina. As part of a qualitative exploratory approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with its members, structured by a guide that included di­mensions of the inbreeding identification and the exogrupal differentiation. The results highlight the counter-hegemonic content embodied in the action of such organizations and their identity characteristics associated with a moral gram­mar that implies respect for freedom, autonomy, equality, high intensity democracy, horizontality and solidarity.Key words: social-environmental conflict, environment, political identity, socio-environmental organizations, political psychology

LA TRAGEDIA DE LOS COMUNES 0, LO COMÚN DE LAS TRAGEDIAS?: LA DIALÉCTICA SOCIOAMBIENTAL DE LAS BASURAS EN EL NORTE DEL CAUCA

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RAÚL CORTÉS LANDÁZURY

Full Text Available El desquicio consuntivo, el desorden territorial y el desbordado afán de lucro económico y político, hace cada vez más evidente la necesidad de racionalizar la generación y confinamiento de las basuras. Tal es el caso de la disposición final de residuos sólidos en el norte del departamento del Cauca, donde la eficiencia técnica entorno a la solución del problema choca con factores de índole institucional, que quizás se entiendan mejor desde la economía política. En este orden de ideas, el documento expone algunas interpretaciones del asunto, abordando la problemática en boga a partir de la idea de fallo de coordinación y fallos de no mercado derivados de la incongruencia entre mecanismos de decisión y acción colectiva. Por este motivo se describe el contexto de la problemática, indicando el protagonismo de los factores de presión, el papel de las instituciones involucradas y la pertinencia de las evaluaciones ambientales estratégicas; luego se examinan los lineamientos generales de la solución técnica y la percepción de los actores a través de la medición económica de sus preferencias, finalmente se concluye subrayando el vínculo entre el desequilibrio ecológico regional y la crisis de los bienes comunales.

A saúde no licenciamento ambiental: uma proposta metodológica para a avaliação dos impactos da indústria de petróleo e gás Health and environmental licensing: a methodological proposal for assessment of the impact of the oil and gas industry

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Eduardo Macedo Barbosa

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Considerando a importância dos impactos da indústria do petróleo sobre a saúde humana, este artigo apresenta uma proposta metodológica para a análise desses aspectos nos estudos de avaliação de impacto ambiental, a partir dos parâmetros legais estabelecidos e da adaptação de uma matriz validada para o setor hidrelétrico. A análise dos relatórios ambientais de 21 empreendimentos nacionais de produção de petróleo, licenciados no período de 1º de janeiro de 2004 a 31 de outubro de 2009, constatou a inexistência de evidências da incorporação de aspectos de saúde na maioria dos seus respectivos estudos de avaliação de impacto ambiental. A matriz mostrou-se um instrumento metodológico adequado para analisar a inserção da saúde no licenciamento ambiental e orientar a tomada de decisão e intervenções para a gestão socioambiental.Bearing in mind the importance of the impacts of the oil industry on human health, this article seeks to present a methodological proposal for analysis of these aspects in environmental impact assessment studies, based on the established legal parameters and a validated matrix for the hydroelectric sector. The lack of health considerations in the environmental impact assessment was detected in most of the 21 oil production enterprises analyzed, that were licensed in the period from January 1, 2004 through October 30, 2009. The health matrix proved to be an appropriate methodological approach to analyze these aspects in the environmental licensing process, guiding decisions and interventions in socio-environmental management.

O Marketing e o Social nos Bancos Brasileiros: Evidências de Relações Assimétricas

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Sérgio Luiz do Amaral Moretti

2010-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a comunicação de alguns bancos nacionais com base no apelo social ou ambiental, comparativamente a evidências de suas práticas de responsabilidade social. A principal razão para este estudo é o crescente uso desse apelo por alguns bancos, inclusive pela própria Federação dos Bancos Brasileiros (Febraban, indicando a importância do tema para os públicos envolvidos. Os últimos dados disponíveis para proceder a esta investigação estão reunidos na pesquisa Avaliação comparativa da responsabilidade socioambiental dos bancos no Brasil, realizada em 2008 pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Defesa do Consumidor (IDEC, e no Relatório Social da Febraban de 2008 sobre as práticas de Responsabilidade Social das Empresas (RSE dos bancos associados à federação. Os resultados desses relatórios foram confrontados com a literatura sobre o tema. Pode-se observar que as práticas do setor bancário em temas como trabalhadores, meio ambiente e consumidores apresentaram resultados assimétricos negativos quando comparados com o ideal mostrado nas campanhas publicitárias. As baixas notas nas práticas relativas ao relacionamento com os consumidores naturalmente chamam mais a atenção, por se tratar da área central do próprio negócio e, sendo assim, já deveriam estar assimiladas nos procedimentos operacionais. As implicações gerenciais são muitas e servem de alerta para as empresas. As reclamações relativas ao atendimento por parte dos consumidores é um sinal de que algo não vai bem nesse setor. DOI: 10.5585/remark.v9i1.2154

VIOLÊNCIA E MEIO AMBIENTE: PODE A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL CONTRIBUIR PARA A PAZ E A SUSTENTABILIDADE?

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Gustavo Ferreira da Costa Lima

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Historicamente a relação social e humana com o meio ambiente sempre implicou em algum tipo de destruição e degradação. Com a constituição da sociedade industrial capitalista e seu desdobramento em sociedade de consumo de massa, esse avanço sobre os recursos naturais tem se dado de forma tão radical que ameaça a continuidade da vida e da biosfera como a conhecemos nos últimos milênios. O texto reflete sobre a relação entre a violência social e o meio ambiente a partir de um feixe de teorias e conceitos provenientes do cruzamento da questão ambiental, da teoria crítica, da teoria da complexidade, da teoria da sociedade de risco e de contribuições de filosofias tradicionais como o Budismo. Os conceitos considerados são os de sustentabilidade, de interdependência, de cidadania ambiental e de justiça socioambiental. Nesse sentido, procura investigar as raízes sociais e psicossociais da violência que condicionam as relações e instituições sócio-culturais, entre as quais figuram a própria ciência, como saber social hegemônico, e a educação; observar suas implicações sobre a vida social e ambiental; e verificar a possível contribuição da educação, em geral, e da educação ambiental como foco curricular, em particular, para transformar ou reorientar essas forças e práticas associadas à violência para fins mais pacíficos e construtivos.

Complejidad ambiental en el Bajío mexicano: implicaciones del proyecto civilizatorio vinculado al crecimiento económico

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Daniel Tagle Zamora

2017-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este artículo es visibilizar las contradicciones ambientales de la lógica del crecimiento económico adoptada en el Bajío guanajuatense, en el marco de la economía ecológica, que muestra la inviabilidad socioambiental de las políticas públicas en Guanajuato. El índice del desarrollo humano municipal, la compilación de informes ambientales del estado, los talleres con actores clave, así como la retroalimentación con pares académicos, expertos en la temática ambiental, reflejan el contraste ambiental del modelo de desarrollo que impera y opera de manera normalizada en esta región. Es notoria la desarticulación deliberada entre las políticas económica y ambiental, que favorece a la primera gracias a la permisibilidad de la segunda, lo que se traduce en la trasferencia de los costos socioambientales del sector privado al público, y apoya la lógica de la acumulación frente al interés común. Esto a través de la contaminación y la sobreexplotación de los cuerpos de agua, la contaminación atmosférica, el extractivismo, la sobregeneración de residuos sólidos, la pérdida de calidad de los suelos que, entre otros, son algunos elementos que tensionan la capacidad de resiliencia social y ambiental de esta zona. Esta visibilización de la crisis ambiental refleja la pertinencia de incorporar un enfoque analítico capaz de abordar una crisis multidimensional, y comprender que ésta se encuentra en la parte ilógica de la lógica del crecimiento económico.

Arautos da razão: a paralisia no debate sobre transgênicos e meio ambiente

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Marcelo Leite

2007-07-01

Full Text Available A polarização do debate público sobre alimentos transgênicos ultrapassou o ponto em que a controvérsia acarreta um incentivo para a produção de conhecimento empírico capaz de fazê-la avançar, como fica evidente nas disputas travadas dentro da CTNBio (Comissão Técnica Nacional de Biossegurança desde 1998. O epicentro dessa paralisia reguladora se encontra numa noção restritiva de ciência e de análise de riscos que, segundo Hugh Lacey e Denise Caruso, impede a adequada consideração de riscos para a saúde humana (como alergias e o meio ambiente (poluição genética, surgimento de superpragas e danos a espécies circundantes. Tal impasse só poderá ser desfeito por iniciativa de setores da comunidade científica que não se encontrem já prisioneiros daquele conceito de pesquisa descontextualizada, sem espaço para investigar questões de sustentabilidade socioambiental.The polarized public debate on transgenic foods has reached the point where controversy ceases to bring an incentive to generate empirical knowledge in order to make it advance, as becomes manifest from disputes flared in Brazil's Technical National Commission on Biosafety (CTNBio since 1998. The epicenter of the regulatory paralysis is located in a restrictive conception of science and risk analysis, which according to Hugh Lacey and Denise Caruso prevent an adequate consideration of risks related to human health (such as allergies and the environment (genetic pollution, creation of superweeds and damage to surrounding species. Such impasse can only be undone under the leadership of sectors in the scientific community that have not already been captured by that notion of decontextualized research, which leaves no room for investigating issues pertaining social and environmental sustainability.

Exemplos e práticas da produção de “kits de subjetividade verde” como narrativas de modelagens marcárias no consumo da natureza

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Margarete Ribeiro Tavares

2016-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a questão da natureza sendo transformada em mercadoria a ser consumida no contexto de um novo capitalismo rizomático. A hipótese é que as interações dos indivíduos com o mercado verde podem estar se apresentando, na contemporaneidade, por meio de “kits de subjetividade” que reforçam os aspectos simbólicos e imateriais dessas novas relações de consumo. Sendo assim, as propagandas produzidas no Brasil, nos últimos anos, podem apresentar e personificar essas narrativas, a partir da questão da sustentabilidade, como meio de potencializar o consumo e a mercantilização da temática socioambiental. Para investigar as relações entre consumo, subjetividade, capital e natureza, no contexto da sociedade mundial de controle, este estudo qualitativo, teórico-empírico e de caráter exploratório baseou-se nas técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. A partir das análises realizadas em anúncios e reportagens das revistas Veja e Exame, no ano de 2015, – tendo como base o arcabouço teórico aqui construído a partir de autores como Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari, e outros que com esses dialogam - observou-se que a lógica do capital imprime uma condição de liquefação da sustentabilidade (“sustentabilidade líquida”. Esta, por sua vez, sublinha a produção de novos modos de ser, ou seja, “kits de subjetividade” que servem como novos dispositivos de controle social que acabam por “produtilizar” a natureza, de forma a transformá-la em uma modelagem marcária no contexto do “consumo verde”.

Estrategia para determinar la línea base en áreas de interrupción vectorial de la enfermedad de Chagas

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Diego Montenegro

Full Text Available RESUMEN Objetivos Presentar una estrategia para determinar la línea de base en áreas endémicas en el proceso de interrupción vectorial de la enfermedad de Chagas (ECh. Métodos Con un cuestionario socioambiental y una encuesta entomológica, se evaluaron las condiciones físicas de los domicilios, el conocimiento de los habitantes sobre la ECh, los indicadores entomológicos de triatominos y la relación estadística entre estas variables. Resultados Existe colonización e infección natural con Trypanosoma cruzi en Rhodnius prolixus, el principal vector de la ECh en Colombia. La colonización estuvo relacionada con casas de techos de hojas de palma y paredes de adobe o bahareque. Se encontró el vector Panstrongylus geniculatus con hábitos de colonización. Casi 50% de la población encuestada asociaba el término ECh con una enfermedad humana y 37%, con los triatominos. Conclusiones R. prolixus puede considerarse el principal vector de T. cruzi en ambientes domésticos y el proceso de interrupción vectorial es factible dentro del municipio priorizado. Se necesitan nuevos estudios que comprueben la existencia de poblaciones silvestres de R. prolixus que puedan afectar las etapas futuras del proceso y demostrar si hay una participación de P. geniculatus en la dinámica de transmisión de T. cruzi. Los anteriores escenarios pueden ser viabilizados con la inclusión de los habitantes en todo el proceso, ya que han sido altamente sensibles en la detección de vectores dentro de sus casas. El diseño del estudio aquí presentado puede ser adaptado en otras áreas endémicas de la Región de las Américas.

Sobre el proceso de adquisición de instrumentos musicales de El Sistema. Hacia una epistemología ecológica en la educación musical.

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Attilio Lafontant

2018-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se pretende hacer visible la relación entre la explotación de maderas tonales en el Sur Global y la estrategia de adquisición de instrumentos musicales de cuerda frotada y pulsada en El Sistema Nacional de Coros y Orquestas Juveniles e Infantiles de Venezuela (en adelante, El Sistema desde el año 2007. Este es el período en el que este programa comenzó a recibir un gran financiamiento nacional e internacional, con miras a incluir en el programa a un millón de jóvenes para el año 2019. La naturaleza de este estudio es de carácter documental, pues involucra la aplicación del análisis de contenido a los planes de adquisiciones de Fundamusical (órgano rector de El Sistema. Asimismo, se realizó una correlación entre esta estrategia de adquisición de instrumentos musicales y la información arrojada por medios ambientalistas que reclaman una deforestación sin precedentes en el Sur Global, en la que empresas chinas se posicionan como las principales importadoras mundiales de instrumentos musicales e importador de maderas tonales. Finalmente, se evidencia cómo detrás de la retórica del bienestar social se continúan reproduciendo escenarios de injusticia ambiental para proveer materialmente a El Sistema. La decolonización de tales prácticas debe incorporar una epistemología ecológica que permita trazar la influencia recíproca entre la visión antropocéntrica cartesiana de la educación musical y su incidencia en la crisis socioambiental actual.

Support for disease management, depression, self-care, and clinical indicators among Hispanics with type 2 diabetes in San Diego County, United States of America Indicadores clínicos y apoyo para el manejo de la enfermedad, la depresión, el autocuidado en hispanos que padecen diabetes tipo 2 en el Condado de San Diego, Estados Unidos

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Addie L. Fortmann

2010-09-01

Full Text Available This study used a social-ecological framework to examine predictors of depression, diabetes self-management, and clinical indicators of health risk among Hispanics with type 2 diabetes residing in the United States (U.S.-Mexico border region in San Diego County, California, United States of America. Important links were observed between greater social-environmental support for disease management and less depression, better diabetes self-management, and lower body mass index and serum triglyceride concentrations. Less depressive symptomatology was also related to lower hemoglobin A1c levels. Findings suggest that programs aiming to improve diabetes self-management and health outcomes in Hispanics with type 2 diabetes should consider multilevel, social, and environmental influences on health, behavior, and emotional well-being.En este estudio se utilizó un marco socioecológico para analizar los factores predictivos de la depresión, la autogestión de la diabetes y los indicadores clínicos de riesgo para la salud en hispanos que padecen diabetes tipo 2 residentes en la zona fronteriza entre México y los Estados Unidos del Condado de San Diego en California. Se observaron vínculos importantes entre un mayor apoyo socioambiental para el manejo de la enfermedad y una presencia menor de la depresión, una mejor autogestión de la diabetes, y menores índices de masa corporal y concentraciones de triglicéridos séricos. La presencia menor de síntomas depresivos también se relacionó con niveles inferiores de hemoglobina A1c. Estos resultados indican que los programas dirigidos a mejorar la autogestión de la diabetes y los resultados en materia de salud en los hispanos que padecen diabetes tipo 2 deben tener en cuenta las influencias sociales y ambientales sobre la salud, el comportamiento y el bienestar emocional.

NANOTECNOLOGIA E AMBIENTE: O ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA NA PESQUISA AVANÇADA

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Gilberto Montibeller-Filho

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Objetiva-se avaliar a evolução recente e a posição do estado de Santa Catarina na pesquisa científica em geral e, em particular, em nanociência e nanotecnologia e o vínculo desta com questões sociais e ambientais. A análise considera dados absolutos e relativos de produção científica no período 1983-2000. Toma Santa Catarina no Brasil e faz a comparação com estados que lhe são assemelhados na estrutura econômica e de potencial de pesquisa e inovação tecnológica. A dimensão nano da partícula aporta novos desafios aos estudos da física e abre à economia campo de inovações tecnológicas - portanto, indica o grau de avanço da pesquisa realizada atualmente. As controvérsias do debate científico quanto a potenciais impactos, positivos e negativos, da utilização de produtos tecnológicos com partículas nano sobre o ambiente, a saúde humana e a sociedade em geral, são abordadas. As perspectivas da pesquisa são também indicadas, tendo em conta principalmente o apoio federal a projetos destinados tanto ao avanço do conhecimento em relação a nanopartículas e sua utilização, como aos seus potenciais efeitos. Finalmente, são apontadas diretrizes, neste sentido, na atuação da Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa Científica e Tecnológica de Santa Catarina-FAPESC. Palavras-chave: Nanociência e Nanotecnologia. Pesquisa. Socioambiente. Estado de Santa Catarina.

Institucionalização das iniciativas socioambientais das organizações: interfaces entre a teoria do desenvolvimento social de Habermas e o isomorfismo da teoria institucional

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Martinho Luis Kelm

Full Text Available Este artigo estabelece uma discussão a partir da premissa de que a institucionalização envolve processos por meio dos quais valores sociais (práticas, crenças e obrigações assumem o status de regras de pensamento e de ação social. Busca, assim, indicar como uma sociedade viabiliza a materialização de novos padrões de racionalidade, de modo que estes passem a interferir nas concepções de realidade de seus sujeitos. O estudo apresenta um modelo de análise sistêmico da responsabilidade social corporativa, integrando os conceitos da lógica do desenvolvimento social, proposta por Jürgen Habermas, e os processos de isomorfismo observados nas organizações e oriundos da teoria institucional. Com o intuito de fornecer um modelo de análise teórico-empírica do tema, as iniciativas socioambientais são justificadas, inicialmente, pelo seu papel como fator de diferenciação ou como estabelecedor da reputação da organização e de seus produtos e serviços. Na sequência, observa-se um processo de normatização, quando é definido um novo padrão mínimo de atuação das organizações e, porque não dizer, de maturidade social, reiniciando nesse ponto uma nova busca de diferenciais competitivos e avanços sociais. Esse enfoque de investigação da atuação das empresas na arena socioambiental rompe com a perspectiva ingênua e voluntarista de que a emergência dessas iniciativas ocorra conforme diferentes níveis de conscientização do meio empresarial.

Marcas Inovadoras: Como os Consumidores Percebem a Inovação.

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Cláudio Heleno Pinto da Silva

2017-03-01

Full Text Available A percepção da inovação e das marcas inovadoras pode ser diferencial para o desenvolvimento e sobrevivência de muitos negócios. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar como a inovação impacta a percepção de marca de consumidores brasileiros, além de identificar as marcas consideradas inovadoras na indústria de alimentos e bebidas e quais as características dessas marcas. Um total de 369 respondentes colaboraram com a pesquisa, oferecendo 1255 características que, por meio da análise de conteúdo, foram agrupadas em 10 categorias: Empreendedorismo; Marketing e Comunicação; Mix de Produtos; Praticidade e Funcionalidade; Embalagem e Design; Relacionamento com consumidor; Gestão; Sustentabilidade Socioambiental; Tecnologia e Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D; e Novidade + Experiência Nova. Os resultados encontrados foram comparados a trabalhos que abordavam o tema inovação como Domingues (2008; Manual de Oslo (OECD, 2004; Tidd, Bessant e Pavitt (2008; Pleschak e Sabisch (1996 apud Guo e Yin (2014; e Schumpeter (1982, 1985, 2005. A análise cruzada mostrou que, de maneira geral, as marcas inovadoras apresentam um processo de mistura, união, ou Mix, entre as dez características, com ênfase em três: Empreendedorismo; Marketing e Comunicação; e Mix de Produtos. O estudo demonstrou que marcas consideradas inovadoras são criativas, confiáveis e ousadas, apresentam ações de comunicação criativas e interessantes, são acessíveis, prezam pela qualidade de seus produtos e procuram satisfazer desejos muitas vezes ainda desconhecidos pelos próprios consumidores.

Unilateral pulmonary veins atresia: evaluation by computed tomography; Atresia unilateral das veias pulmonares: avaliacao por tomografia computadorizada

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Eifer, Diego Andre; Arsego, Felipe Veras, E-mail: felipesoarestorres@gmail.com [Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), RS (Brazil). Serv. de Radiologia; Torres, Felipe Soares [Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil). Escola de Medicina

2013-11-15

Unilateral pulmonary vein atresia is a rare congenital condition. In addition to cardiac malformations or pulmonary hypertension, patients may present with recurrent pulmonary infections or hemoptysis in childhood or adolescence. The authors report a case where the typical findings of such condition were observed at computed tomography in an adult patient. (author)

Dosimetric evaluation in panoramic and tele-radiography procedures; Avaliacao dosimetrica em procedimentos de radiografia panoramica e teleradiografias

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Oliveira, Georgge Gomes

2004-07-01

The present work had as an objective to evaluate the skin surface entrance dose in panoramic and tele radiography procedures in three clinics in Recife - Pernambuco - Brazil, and to contribute with data for the determination of reference levels for super cited extra oral procedures, for this purpose, operational conditions in 3 clinics were evaluated in Recife, aiming to evaluate the existence and integrity of the radioprotection equipment, manner and conditions of image processing; and radiographic equipment parameters such as the dimension of the irradiation filed, the total filtration, the exposure time and the potential applied to the X ray tube. For an estimation of the skin entrance dose of the patient, the phantom Randon Alderson and thermoluminescence dosemeters were used. From these values and the conversion factors determined by the Monte Carlo technique, with the phantom MAX it was possible to estimate the dose absorbed in the organ due to the tele radiography procedures. Regarding panoramic radiography the study showed that the more elevated doses occurred in the parotid gland region which is near rotational venters. In the case of tele radiography the highest dose value occurred in the regions corresponding to the temporal lobe of the brain, followed by linfonodes, ears and parotid glands. The doses absorbed in the eyes and the thyroid gland were, 0.037 mGy and 0.002 mGy in Clinic A and 0.062 mGy and 0.003 mGy in Clinic C, respectively. Regarding equipment test, inadequacy was found in the beam collimation in Clinic A and in the reproducibility of the X ray exposure in Clinic C. The total filtration in both clinics was inadequate.(author)

Evaluation of new polymers for enhanced oil recovery; Avaliacao de novos polimeros para recuperacao aumentada de petroleo

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Maia, Ana M.S.; Chagas, Emanuel F.; Costa, Marta; Garcia, Rosangela B. [Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN (Brazil)

2004-07-01

The main polymers used nowadays for enhanced oil recovery, partially hydrolysed polyacrylamides and xanthan gum, show some limitations, such as low tolerance to salt presence and biological degradation. Therefore, it is necessary the improvement of the polymeric properties. With this goal, a new class of polymers, named 'water-soluble polymers hydrophobically modified' or simply 'amphiphilic polymers', has been developed. In this work, it was obtained a water-soluble acrylamide polymer hydrophobically modified with N,N-dihexyl acrylamide, using the micellar copolymerization technique. After the structural and rheological characterization of the copolymer, its performance in porous medium was evaluated through core flood tests in Botucatu sandstone. In the presence of sodium chloride, the amphiphilic copolymer presented a great increase of viscosity, besides values of resistance factor and of residual resistance factor higher than for the commercial polyacrylamide. This behavior can favor the oil recovery, mainly in high salinity and permeability reservoirs, by improving the water flooding sweep efficiency. (author)

Evaluation of the absorbed dose in odontological computerized tomography; Avaliacao da dose absorvida em tomografia computadorizada odontologica

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Legnani, Adriano; Schelin, Hugo R; Rocha, Anna Silvia P.S. da, E-mail: schelin@utfpr.edu.b, E-mail: anna@utfpr.edu.b [Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana (UTFPR), Curitiba, PR (Brazil); Khoury, Helen J., E-mail: khoury@ufpe.b [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil)

2011-10-26

This paper evaluated the absorbed dose at the surface entry known as 'cone beam computed tomography' (CBCT) in odontological computerized tomography. Examination were simulated with CBCT for measurements of dose. A phantom were filled with water, becoming scatter object of radiation. Thermoluminescent dosemeters were positioned on points correspondent to eyes and salivary glands

Evaluation of level of impregnation monomers in hydrotalcite; Avaliacao do grau de impregnacao de monomeros em hidrotalcita

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Carmo, Danieli M. do, E-mail: danielimcarmo@hotmail.com [Instituto de Macromoleculas Professora Eloisa Mano - IMA, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, RJ (Brazil); Machado, Jacson S.C.; Oliveira, Marcelo F.L.; Oliveira, Marcia G. [Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia - INT, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Soares, Bluma G. [Instituto de Macromoleculas Professora Eloisa Mano - IMA, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, RJ (Brazil)

2011-07-01

To evaluate the impregnation degree of 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate and 1,4-butanediol monomers in hydrotalcite clays it was prepared dispersions with mixing ratio 1:100 (clay/monomer), using the Ultraturrax and Ultrasound. Subsequently the samples were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction. Swelling tests and Tyndall effect were used to illustrate the different dispersions. The results indicated a strong interaction between the hydrotalcite with 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, favoring the formation of intercalated structures. (author)

Application of nuclear magnetic resonance in osteoporosis evaluation; Aplicacoes de ressonancia magnetica nuclear na avaliacao de osteoporose

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Giannoni, Ricardo A., E-mail: giannoni@ird.gov.br [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria (IRD/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Montrazi, Elton T.; Bonagamba, Tito J., E-mail: elton.montrazi@gmail.com, E-mail: tito@ifsc.usp.br [Universidade de Sao Paulo (IFSC/USP), Sao Carlos, SP (Brazil). Inst. de Fisica; Cesar, Reinaldo, E-mail: reinaldofisica@gmail.com [Universidade de Sao Paulo (EESC/USP), Sao Carlos, SP (Brazil). Escola de Engenharia

2013-07-01

In this work, initially ceramic samples of known porosity were used. These ceramic samples were saturated with water. The nuclear magnetic resonance signal due to relaxation processes that the hydrogen nucleus water contained in the pores of this ceramic material was measured. Then these samples were subjected to a process of drying and measures successively. As the water contained in pores greater evaporates the intensity of signal decreases and shows the sign because of the smaller pores. The analysis of this drying process gives a qualitative assessment of the pore size of the material. In a second step, bones of animals of unknown porosity underwent the same methodology for evaluating osteoporosis. Also a sample of human vertebra in a unique manner, with the same purpose was measured. Combined with other techniques is a quantitative evaluation of the possible porosity.

Routine for uncertainties evaluation: study case in mammography; Roteiro para avaliacao de incertezas: caso estudo em mamografia

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Peixoto, J.G.P. [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria (IRD/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)]. E-mail: guiherm@ird.gov.br; Almeida, C.E.V de [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ/LCR), RJ (Brazil). Lab. de Ciencias Radiologicas

2005-03-15

This paper gives a orientation in the identification of uncertainties in the measurement object and the influence magnitudes which directly affect the results of measurements. The entry magnitudes presented in this work applies exclusively for this study case, and their use depends of the professional for the choice of those entry magnitudes.

Evaluation of the absorbed dose in odontological computerized tomography; Avaliacao da dose absorvida em tomografia computadorizada odontologica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Legnani, Adriano; Schelin, Hugo R.; Rocha, Anna Silvia P.S. da, E-mail: schelin@utfpr.edu.b, E-mail: anna@utfpr.edu.b [Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana (UTFPR), Curitiba, PR (Brazil); Khoury, Helen J., E-mail: khoury@ufpe.b [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil)

2011-10-26

This paper evaluated the absorbed dose at the surface entry known as 'cone beam computed tomography' (CBCT) in odontological computerized tomography. Examination were simulated with CBCT for measurements of dose. A phantom were filled with water, becoming scatter object of radiation. Thermoluminescent dosemeters were positioned on points correspondent to eyes and salivary glands

Leitura rapida do KDIGO 2012: Diretrizes para avaliacao e manuseio da doenca renal cronica na pratica clinica

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Gianna Mastroianni Kirsztajn

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Os autores desta "leitura rápida" apresentam os dados que consideraram mais relevantes na versão 2012 do KDIGO referente à avaliação e manuseio da doença renal crônica. Não se trata da opinião dos autores, mas sim de uma apresentação mais concisa das diretrizes, que podem ser úteis na prática clínica.

Tetra-combined cogeneration system. Exergy and thermoeconomic evaluation; Sistema tetra combinado de cogeracao. Avaliacao exergetica e termoeconomica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arriola, Domingo Wilson Garagatti [Sao Paulo Univ., SP (Brazil). Escola Politecnica. Dept. de Engenharia Mecanica]. E-mail: wgarriol@usp.br; Oliveira Junior, Silvio de [Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnologicas (IPT), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)]. E-mail: olivsilj@ipt.br

2000-07-01

The description and the exergy and thermo economic evaluation of a new cogeneration system, called tetra-combined cogeneration system, that generates electricity and chilled water (for air conditioning purposes) and eventually steam is presented. This system is composed of a gas turbine, a heat recovery steam generator, a condensation/extraction steam turbine and a hybrid absorption/steam ejection chiller.The exergy and thermo economic performance (exergy based costs of electricity, steam and chilled water production) of this system is compared with the performances of conventional cogeneration systems, pointing out the advantages and disadvantages of this new system. (author)

Physico-chemical evaluation of radiation effects on apple juice; Avaliacao fisico-quimica do suco de maca irradiado

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Blumer, Lucimara; Domarco, Rachel E.; Spoto, Maria H.F.; Walder, Julio M.M.; Matraia, Clarice [Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA), Piracicaba, SP (Brazil)

1997-12-01

Gala and Fuji varieties apple`s juice were clarified with enzyme and irradiated aiming to extend the shelf-life without conservants and chemical additives. The juices were analysed for soluble solids, titrable acidity, pH and color. Results showed effect of storage periods in soluble solids, pH and color. The variety and storage period modified the titrable acidity. The pH was altered by irradiation dose and the storage period. (author). 9 refs., 6 figs.

External exposure assessment in dwelling built with phosphogypsum; Avaliacao da exposicao externa em residencia construida com fosfogesso

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Villaverde, Freddy Lazo

2008-07-01

In this study it was evaluated the viability of the use of phosphogypsum plates as a building material in the dwelling construction. Thus, the effective dose due to external gamma exposure was assessed through the {sup 226}Ra, {sup 232}Th, {sup 210}Pb e {sup 40}K activity concentration in phosphogypsum plates. Samples of this material were analyzed by high resolution gamma spectrometry for their natural radionuclide activity concentration. The radium equivalent activity and extern ai and inter nai hazard indices were also calculated. The plates were made with phosphogypsum from fertilizer industries located in Cajati, Cubatao and Uberaba. The samples were identified according to phosphogypsum origin, Cajati (CA), Cubatao (CT) and Uberaba (UB). The activity concentrations results varied from 15.9 to 392 Bq kg{sup -1} for {sup 226}Ra, 26.1 to 253 Bq kg{sup -1} for {sup 232}Th, and 27.4 to 852 Bq kg{sup -1} for {sup 210}Pb. The results of {sup 40}K were lower than 81 Bq kg{sup -1}. The annual effective dose was obtained through the dosimetric model with reference standard room concept, the results were 0.02 mSv y{sup -1} for a house built with phosphogypsum from origin CA, 0.2 mSvy{sup -1} for CT phosphogypsum and 0.14 mSvy{sup -1} for UB phosphogypsum, everything the effective doses were below 1 mSvy{sup -1}, an annual effective dose limit for public exposure by International Commission on Radiological Protection. (author)

Gravidez e Diabetes Gestacional: uma combinação prejudicial à função sexual feminina? Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes: a prejudicial combination to female sexual function?

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Meireluci Costa Ribeiro

2011-05-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Comparar a funcao sexual de gravidas adultas saudaveis a de mulheres com Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional (DMG no terceiro trimestre da gravidez. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com dois grupos de gestantes em acompanhamento pre-natal. Foram criterios de inclusao: idade materna .20 anos, idade gestacional .28 semanas, relacionamento heterossexual com o mesmo parceiro ha pelo menos 6 meses e ser alfabetizada. Os criterios de exclusao foram: presenca de intercorrencias clinicas e/ou obstetricas que contraindicassem atividade sexual; hipertensao arterial controlada por medicamentos; gravidez resultante de estupro; parceiro sexualmente indisponivel ou ausente no ultimo mes; internacao hospitalar no ultimo mes; uso de cremes vaginais nos ultimos 30 dias; gestacao gemelar; uso regular de alcool e/ou drogas ilicitas; uso de medicamentos que interferissem na funcao sexual. Oitenta e sete pacientes preencheram os criterios de selecao e participaram do estudo. Para avaliacao da funcao sexual destes grupos utilizou-se o questionario Quociente Sexual . Versao Feminina (QS-F. Testes X² e t de Student foram utilizados para comparar diferencas entre os grupos, com valores pTo compare the sexual function of healthy adult pregnant women with that of gestational diabetes patients (GDM in the third trimester. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled two groups of women managed antenatal care clinics. Inclusion criteria were: maternal age .20 years, gestational age at least 28 weeks, being in a heterosexual relationship with the same partner for at least 6 months, and being able to read. We excluded women with a medical recommendation for sexual abstinence due to clinical or obstetric disorders; hypertension controlled through medications; pregnancy resulting from rape; absent or sexually unavailable partner in the last month; hospital admission in the last month; use of vaginal creams in the last 30 days; multiple pregnancy, regular use of alcohol or

Diagnóstico participativo socioambiental e de riscos à saúde das comunidades do entorno do Complexo Petroquímico do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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Marcela de Abreu Moniz

Full Text Available Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi diagnosticar os problemas socioambientais prioritários e os riscos à saúde das comunidades do entorno do Complexo Petroquímico do Rio de Janeiro. De abordagem participativa, a pesquisa-ação conduziu a aplicação de entrevistas, grupos focais, reuniões e oficina com atores sociais de Porto das Caixas e Sambaetiba, localizados em Itaboraí/RJ, no período de novembro de 2013 a dezembro de 2014. Uma análise estrutural dos problemas priorizados pelas comunidades (oferta de água, tratamento de esgoto e risco de doenças transmissíveis; risco de poluição do ar e doenças respiratórias; ausência de segurança pública e risco de violência esquematizou a relação causa-efeito-intervenção, com base no Protocolo para Avaliação Comunitária de Excelência em Saúde Ambiental. O processo revelou ausência de representatividade dos atores sociais das localidades estudadas em espaços decisórios sobre a problemática ambiental. Urgem ações educativas com profissionais e moradores que visem a favorecer a constituição de movimentos coletivos, indispensáveis à garantia dos direitos de mitigação das situações de contaminação do ar e de acesso aos serviços de saneamento e de segurança pública e de condições de menor risco à saúde.

Lung scintigraphy evaluation in workers exposed to abrasive dusts; Avaliacao cintilografica pulmonar em trabalhadores de industria de abrasivos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Terra Filho, Mario

1996-12-31

The production process of abrasives use aluminium, or silicon carbide a synthetic material with a hardness only slightly less than that of a diamond. It is popularly known as carborundum since it was first manufactured as an abrasive in 1891, produced by the fusion of high grade silica and petroleum coke with sawdust. For many years silicon carbide was thought not to give rise to pulmonary lesions. Recently several researchers suggested the existence of a carborundum pneumoconiosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the pulmonary clearance of {sup 99m} Technetium chelated to diethylene-triamine penta-acetate ({sup 99m} Tc DTPA), and {sup 67} Gallium lung scanning in workers exposed to abrasive dusts. Thirty seven subjects, 13 smokers and 24 nonsmokers and ex smokers were studied. In 32 (86,48%) {sup 67} Gallium lung scanning was positive including 13 (40,62%) retired workers. We conclude that non smoking workers of abrasives plants have a pulmonary alveolar epithelial permeability disturbance similar as observed in smoking workers and smoking controls. Most workers, ex-workers of these industries and in patients with carborundum pneumoconiosis there is an evidence of pulmonary inflammation measured with abnormal {sup 67} Gallium lung scan. (author) 101 refs., 2 figs., 11 tabs.

Developing pipeline risk methodology for environmental license permit; Metodologia para avaliacao do risco em dutos, no licenciamento ambiental

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arruda, Paulo; Naime, Andre [Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renovaveis (IBAMA), Brasilia, DF (Brazil). Diretoria de Licenciamento e Qualidade Ambiental; Serpa, Ricardo [Companhia de Tecnologia de Saneamento Ambiental (CETESB), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Setor de Analise de Riscos; Mendes, Renato F. [PETROBRAS Engenharia, RJ (Brazil); Ventura, Gilmar [TRANSPETRO - PETROBRAS Transportes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2005-07-01

Some new pipelines undertakings aim to establish connection between gas provinces in the Southeast and consumers in the Northeast of Brazil, in order to supply medium consuming centers and regions with minor potential of development. Consulting companies are carrying out Environmental Assessments studies and among them is the Risk Analyses of these pipeline transmission systems, in order to receive environmental permits by IBAMA, the Federal Brazilian Environmental Agency. In addition, existing interstate pipeline systems which are under IBAMA regulation will also require the same attention. For the purpose of defining a Pipeline Risk Analysis Protocol with methodology and risk criteria, with minimum risk analysis information on a comprehensive process, it has been decided for a 'tour de force' formed by experts from IBAMA and PETROBRAS engineers. The risk assessment protocol is focus on the risk to communities in the neighborhood of these pipelines and on the potential damage to the environment near and far from the ROW. The joined work ended up in two protocols, which attempt to provide environmental license permits for oil pipeline and gas pipelines with minimum contents for risk analysis studies. Another aspect is the environmental risk that has been focused on the contingency plan approach, since there are no consolidated environmental risk criteria for application as a common worldwide sense. The environmental risk mapping - MARA methodology will indicate areas with potential to be affected by leakages along a pipeline system. (author)

Evaluation of sulphonated polycarbonate membranes for fuel cells; Avaliacao de membranas de policarbonato sulfonado para celulas a combustivel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Machado, Isabela M.M.; Gomes, Ana C.; Pessan, Luiz A. [Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCAR), SP (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia de Materiais], e-mail: isabelamuglia@gmail.com; Paranhos, Caio [Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCAR), SP (Brazil). Dept. de Quimica

2011-07-01

Fuel cells based on ion conducting polymer membranes offer an alternative for the conventional energetic matrices. Among many advantages of this system, we can mention the reduction on the emission of pollutants, high efficiency and simplicity. This work presents the modification of polycarbonate by sulfonation reaction using acetyl sulfate, in order to increase the conductor ionic character of the membranes used as electrolytes for hydrogen fuel cells. The sulfonated polycarbonate membranes were obtained by casting and then characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, water vapor transmission, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and viscosimetry. (author)

Using radioactive tracers for the evaluation of industrial equipment; Utilizacao de tracadores radioativos na avaliacao de equipamentos industriais

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brandao, Luis Eduardo Barreira; Sa, Lidia Vasconcellos de; Sousa, Alvaro Serafim F. de [Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear (IEN/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2000-07-01

This paper presents the radioactive tracer technique, giving as example some cases of the possible utilization developed by the Nuclear Engineering Institute, RJ, BR (Argonaut reactor) and through charged particle (CV-28 cyclotron), and also his production and aspects of radiological safety.

Evaluation of a quality control program in radiodiagnosis; Radiologia diagnostica e programa de garantia de qualidade: avaliacao critica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yacovenco, Alejandro; Infantosi, A.F.C. [Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Coordenacao dos Programas de Pos-graduacao de Engenharia. Programa de Engenharia Biomedica; Lira, S.H. [Hospital Central da Policia Militar do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Tauhata, L. [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria (IRD), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Supervisao de Metrologia das Radiacoes Ionizantes

1996-12-31

A quality assurance program, implemented at the Radiologic Service of the Hospital of the Military Police in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is evaluated. The results show a reduction around of 70% in the number of rejected films and 75% in the costs. A return to the former conditions is reported as after the discontinuation of the program 2 refs., 2 figs.

Decantation time of evaluation on bentonite clays fractionation; Avaliacao do tempo de decantacao no fracionamento de argilas bentonitas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gomes, J; Menezes, R R; Neves, G A; Lira, H L; Santana, L N.L., [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), PB (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia de Materiais

2009-07-01

Bentonite clays present a great number of industrial uses, from petroleum to pharmaceutics and cosmetic industry. The bentonite clay present particles with very fine particles that is responsible by the vast application of these materials. However, commercial clays present wide particle size distribution and a significant content of impurities, particularly quartz, in the form of silt and fine silt. So, the aim of this work is to analyze the effect of the stirring and decantation time in the deagglomeration, purification and size separation of the bentonite clay particles from Paraiba. The clays were characterized by X-ray diffraction and particle size distribution. Based on the results it was observed the decantation time give the elimination of the agglomerates formed by submicrometric particles. The uses of decantation column give separation of the fraction below 200nm. (author)

Evaluation of methods for wax determination in crude oil; Avaliacao de metodos de determinacao de parafinas em petroleo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dias, Julio Cesar M.; Silva, Maria do Socorro A.J. da; Vasconcellos, Rosa C.U. [PETROBRAS S.A., Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas; Tamanqueira, Juliana B. [Fundacao Gorceix, Ouro Preto, MG (Brazil)

2008-07-01

Determining the wax content of crude oil is of great importance for petroleum industry, especially for production, storage and transportation of crude oils. Many different methodologies of wax determining are available in the technical literature. However, the selection of the most suitable method must be in accordance with the aim of the analysis and observing the specificities of each technique. The purpose of this work was to determine the performance of different techniques of wax determining applied to characterization of precipitation properties of waxy compounds in crude oils. Twelve samples of crude oils proceeding from the main Brazilian oil producing sedimentary basins were selected for this study. These samples were analyzed by three important analytical techniques of wax determining: precipitation by cooled solvent; liquid chromatography with precipitation by cooled solvent; and liquid chromatography followed by gas chromatography. Differential scanning calorimetry data related to the wax crystallization in these oils were used as parameters of validation. The results obtained in this study indicate that the liquid chromatography followed by gas chromatography method has the best performance for wax determining in crude oils. (author)

Evaluation of integrity of radiation sources of nuclear gauges; Avaliacao da integridade de fontes radioativas de medidores nucleares

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Torohate, Wiclif Francisco

2016-11-01

Nuclear equipment meters are mainly used in the industry in quality control and process control. The principle of operation consists in a shielded radioactive source together with a radiation detector such that the radiation interacts with the material to be analyzed before reaching the detector, providing real time data. Can be as their fixed and mobile mobility, the unique properties of ionizing radiation are used in three basic modes, transmission, backscatter or dispersion or induced (reactive). With the advancement and technological modernization in the world, the demand for nuclear gauges becomes increasingly larger. Currently in Brazil there are about 465 process control plants and 21 portable systems and Mozambique about 45 facilities using nuclear gauges. This font registration is done through a process called source inventory that allows also to know the category of the source, the danger or risk to human health that the source offers. The handling of this equipment requires personnel, certified, skilled and well trained in radiation protection area in accordance with the requirements of the various CNEN Rules. Due to the presence of radioactive source and because these devices are used by workers risk because there external radiation. In this context, we made the smear test in two fixed meters from the IRD industry laboratory, which determines the integrity of the source package, mandatory item in periodic integrity testing of the radiation source of this type of device. A set of procedures is made for its implementation as an evaluation of the radiological risk by radiological survey. It was intended to contribute to the learning handling and safe use of these meters. (author)

Evaluation of harmonic distortions using small scale computers; Avaliacao de distorcoes harmonicas utilizando-se computadores de pequeno porte

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Paschoareli, Junior, Dionizio

1991-12-01

The emergence more and more constant of non-linear loads in the power systems, with the consequent distortion in the voltage wave forms and of current, turns necessary complementary analyses in the planning of the systems, in way the if understands and to minimize the effects caused by the harmonic distortions. Among the methods used in this analysis are the computational programs that determine the flow of harmonic current and the voltages distorted in the buses. The objective of this work is the optimization of a program developed for large computers, turning possible its utilization in microcomputers. Besides, several models of components and two electric systems have its answers to the presence of multiple frequencies of the fundamental (harmonic frequency) evaluated and the results of the simulations will be presented. It also accomplishes simulations that make possible the visualization of the distortions in the voltage wave forms of the buses. Finally, the work offers a global and qualitative vision of this phenomenon that has been reason increasing preoccupation for mainly among the responsible for the quality of the supplied energy.

Lung scintigraphy evaluation in workers exposed to abrasive dusts; Avaliacao cintilografica pulmonar em trabalhadores de industria de abrasivos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Terra Filho, Mario

1995-12-31

The production process of abrasives use aluminium, or silicon carbide a synthetic material with a hardness only slightly less than that of a diamond. It is popularly known as carborundum since it was first manufactured as an abrasive in 1891, produced by the fusion of high grade silica and petroleum coke with sawdust. For many years silicon carbide was thought not to give rise to pulmonary lesions. Recently several researchers suggested the existence of a carborundum pneumoconiosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the pulmonary clearance of {sup 99m} Technetium chelated to diethylene-triamine penta-acetate ({sup 99m} Tc DTPA), and {sup 67} Gallium lung scanning in workers exposed to abrasive dusts. Thirty seven subjects, 13 smokers and 24 nonsmokers and ex smokers were studied. In 32 (86,48%) {sup 67} Gallium lung scanning was positive including 13 (40,62%) retired workers. We conclude that non smoking workers of abrasives plants have a pulmonary alveolar epithelial permeability disturbance similar as observed in smoking workers and smoking controls. Most workers, ex-workers of these industries and in patients with carborundum pneumoconiosis there is an evidence of pulmonary inflammation measured with abnormal {sup 67} Gallium lung scan. (author) 101 refs., 2 figs., 11 tabs.

Evaluation of kerma rate in radioactive waste disposal; Avaliacao da taxa de kerma em deposito de rejeitos radioativos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rosa, Rodolfo O.; Silva, Joao C.P.; Santos, Joao R. dos, E-mail: oliveira@ien.gov.br, E-mail: jcarlos@ien.gov.br, E-mail: regis@ien.gov.br [Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear (IEN/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2014-07-01

This study aims to assess the progression of kerma rate levels in the air due to the increase of collection, storing and storage of radioactive waste in the new building (after expansion) of the radioactive waste disposal (RWD) of the Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear (IEN/CNEN-RJ), Brazil. This review is carried out every six months at IEN with thermoluminescent dosimeter lithium fluoride LiF: Mg, Cu, P (TLD-100H). Here are the average values of kerma rate for the period 2008- 2012. In this context, the methodology used for selection and choices of detectors used in dosimeters is presented. The detectors were chosen through homogeneity criteria of the pack, standardization factor and coefficient of variation (CV%). The monitoring points and the exposure time of the detectors are chosen considering various factors, including the rate of occupation and indoor and outdoor positions to RWD. These evaluations showed that the contribution of the new waste disposal in increasing kerma rate of IEN, has proved to be insignificant, that is, the presence of RWD does not contribute to increased environmental kerma rate in the region around this installation.

Evaluation of essential minerals in carioquinha beans by EDXRF; Avaliacao de minerais essenciais em feijao carioquinha por EDXRF

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Paula, Ellen Cristina Alves de; Aquino, Reginaldo R. [Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Scapin, Marcos A. [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2013-07-01

In this study, the levels of essential minerals in the carioquinha beans were analyzed by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence technique (EDXRF), searching determine the possible minerals, quantities and the correlation among different sources of same variety and the possible contribution of each to the human diet.

An evaluation of the potential impacts of the 'gas aid'; Uma avaliacao dos impactos potenciais do 'auxilio gas'

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Biazotto, Ana Lidia; Anuatti Neto, Francisco [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Economia, Administracao e Contabilidade

2004-07-01

In May of 2001, the prices to the final consumer of GLP were set free in the whole country; this procedure had the intention, to continue process of deregulation in the fuel sector, in accord with the Oil Law. The release of the prices of sale and shipping subsidies elimination, along with the elimination of the crossed subsidy, required the adoption of a 'gas aid' social program, aimed to guarantee the low profit families necessities attendance that would pay the additional fuel costs. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the gas aid program as its covering level and the economic and distributive efficiency. The study encloses the metropolitans regions investigated in the IBGE Family Budget Research of 1996. With base in the previously identification of the potential beneficiary of the program, and with them consumption profile, it was possible to evaluate the potential impact of the withdrawal of the subsidy in the hypothesis of the family be or not beneficiary of the program. Assuming that the targeting is perfect, it is compared the transference politics to the low profit families in relation to the previous politics of subsidize crossed. (author)

Tetra-combined cogeneration system. Exergy and thermo economic evaluation; Sistema tetra combinado de cogeracao. Avaliacao exergetica e termoeconomica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arriola, Domingo Wilson Garagatti [Sao Paulo Univ., SP (Brazil). Escola Politecnica. Dept. de Engenharia Mecanica]. E-mail: wgarriol@usp.br; Oliveira Junior, Silvio de [Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnologicas (IPT), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)]. E-mail: olivsilj@ipt.br

2000-07-01

This paper presents the description and the exergy and thermo economic evaluation of a new cogeneration system, called tetra-combined cogeneration system, that generates electricity and chilled water (for air conditioning purposes) and eventually steam. This system is composed of a gas turbine, a heat recovery steam generator, a condensation/extraction steam turbine and a hybrid absorption/steam ejection chiller. The exergy and thermo economic performance (exergy based costs of electricity, steam and chilled water production) of this system is compared with the performances of conventional cogeneration systems, pointing out the advantages and disadvantages of this new system. (author)

Avaliacao da espessura medio-intimal em pacientes com doenca renal cronica nao dialitica: estudo prospectivo de 24 meses

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Andrea Gaspar Marcos

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Introdução: O aumento da espessura média-intimal (EMI avaliada por ultrassom é um preditor de risco cardiovascular na população geral. Porém, em pacientes com doença renal crônica nos estágios iniciais, essa associação ainda não está bem estabelecida. Objetivo: Avaliar a associação EMI com a ocorrência de eventos cardiovasculares e mortalidade em pacientes nos estágios iniciais da doença renal crônica. Métodos: A análise post hoc de uma coorte de pacientes nos estágios 2-4 da DRC. Foram avaliados dados laboratoriais, ultrassom da artéria carótida e tomografia coronariana no início do estudo e a ocorrência de óbito, em seguimento por 24 meses. Resultados: Um total de 117 pacientes (57 ± 11 anos, 61% sexo masculino foram avaliados. A taxa de filtração glomerular foi 36 ± 17 mL/min, 96% dos pacientes eram hipertensos, 23% diabéticos e 27% obesos. Calcificação arterial coronariana esteve presente em 48% dos pacientes, sendo mais prevalente em pacientes nos estágios mais avançados da DRC (p = 0,02. EMI foi 0,6 mm (0,4-0,7 mm. Comparado aos pacientes com EMI < 0,6mm, aqueles com EMI ≥ 0,6 mm eram mais velhos (p = 0,001, apresentavam maior prevalência do sexo masculino (p = 0,001, menor taxa de filtração glomerular (p = 0,01 e maior proporção de pacientes com calcificação (p = 0,001. Não foi observada relação entre a espessura média-intimal e a ocorrência de evento cardiovascular e óbito. Conclusão: A espessura médio-intimal em pacientes DRC se associou à calcificação coronariana, mas não à ocorrência de eventos cardiovasculares e óbito, em um seguimento de 24 meses.

Entre Aldeia Kaingang ou Parque Natural: o processo de configuração de um conflito socioambiental na disputa pelo Morro do Osso, Porto Alegre, RS

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Guilherme Fuhr

2012-12-01

Full Text Available This article describes the socio-environmental conflicts around the logics of occupation at Morro do Osso (Bone’s Hill in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Disputes involving different types of appropriation, use and significance of this area have been motivating actions of quite heterogeneous institutions and social organizations. Since the late 70’s, environmentalists who were concerned about the growing urbanization mobilized to ensure the hill’s preservation, a process that culminated on the creation of Morro do Osso Natural Park. Ten years later, in 2004, Kaingang indigenous people began to claim the demarcation of an indigenous land at Morro do Osso on an area that overlaps the Park. Thus, two territorialities emerged and began to polarize the conflict: on the one hand, those who favor maintaining the Morro do Osso Natural Park institutionalization; on the other hand, efforts for the Topë pën Kaingang’s land recognition and demarcation. Therefore, precisely the resulting tensions and implications of this polarization will be discussed here in order to bring out part of the discursive arena and the consequences of this territorial dispute, that, to date, has been demonstrating nothing dialogical and no prospect of consensus agreement between the parties involved, following a logic of “winners and losers” to the outcome of the dispute.

Social and environmental affection due to the smells from sewage works sludge-tunnel composting; Afectacion socioambiental por olores del compostaje en tuneles de lodos de EDAR

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cid, J.; Mocholi, F.

2008-07-01

Quantifying the social odor impact in the surroundings of sludge composting plants is the aim of a methodology developed by Socioenginyeria. Three scientific tools are used: diaries of social perception of annoying odors (intensity and type); field olfactometry with the Nasal Ranger and chemical analysis of representative air currents. The environmental quality indicators obtained make it possible to establish the real contribution of the source of the smell to the perceived nuisance and to assess the performance of its deodorising systems. Similar, it is viable to set up a communication programme with the social receivers affected and to implement targeted corrective measures. (Author)

O efeito da vulnerabilidade social sobre indicadores antropométricos de obesidade: resultados de estudo epidemiológico de base populacional

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Isabel Cristina Martins de Freitas

Full Text Available RESUMO: Objetivo: O estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito da vulnerabilidade social sobre os indicadores antropométricos de obesidade global e central em adultos (30 anos ou mais de Ribeirão Preto (SP, 2006. Métodos: Estudo transversal de base populacional com amostra complexa, desenvolvida em três estágios. Modelos lineares multinível foram construídos em dois níveis: ecológico e individual. Os 81 setores censitários sorteados para a amostra compuseram o nível ecológico e foram classificados segundo o Índice Paulista de Vulnerabilidade Social (IPVS. Resultados: Fatores de nível individual que apresentaram relação direta com o índice de massa corporal (IMC: idade, antecedentes familiares e pessoais de excesso de peso e consumo de lipídios, com exceção de sexo e escolaridade (relação inversa. Fatores de nível individual que apresentaram relação direta com a circunferência da cintura (Ccint: idade, antecedentes familiares de acidente vascular cerebral (AVC, história pessoal de excesso de peso, IMC, número de medicamentos, tempo de tabagismo e energia total da dieta, com exceção da variável sexo (relação inversa. Para ambos os desfechos (IMC e Ccint, a variância do IPVS nos modelos finais apresentou significância estatística (p < 0,05 revelando o efeito contextual (rho ≈ 8% da vulnerabilidade social sobre os indicadores de obesidade, mesmo após ajustamento para variáveis de nível individual. Conclusão: Os achados apontam para a necessidade de ações de promoção de hábitos saudáveis e de prevenção da obesidade, direcionadas não apenas aos fatores de nível individual, mas ao contexto socioambiental onde os indivíduos estão inseridos.

An update on the fish composition (Teleostei of the coastal lagoons of the Restinga de Jurubatiba National Park and the Imboassica Lagoon, northern Rio de Janeiro State

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Fabio Di Dario

Full Text Available AIM: We present an update on the composition of the fish species of the Restinga de Jurubatiba National Park and the Imboassica Lagoon, in the northern portion of Rio de Janeiro State, based on collecting efforts of almost two decades, historical museum records, and a review of the literature. METHODS: Specimens were collected using a variety of techniques, mostly between 1994 and 2012, and were fixed with the use of a 10% solution of formalin and subsequently stored in 70% alcohol solution. All specimens examined are deposited in the fish collections of the Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Socioambiental de Macaé, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (NPM, and Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ. Continental (freshwater fishes and some marine or estuarine species frequently collected were regarded as Resident, whereas marine species collected only sporadically were regarded as Occasional. Possible associations between the orientation of the lagoons and the composition of Resident fishes were explored through a Correspondence Analysis (CA. RESULTS: A total of 100 species, belonging to 19 orders and 41 families of the Teleostei were recorded. When both Resident and Occasional species are considered, families Carangidae and Engraulidae, with nine and eight species respectively, are the most representative. When only Resident species are considered, the Gerreidae and Gobiidae, both with seven species, are the most representative families. The Imboassica Lagoon, with 76 species, has the highest species richness among lagoons included in this study. A total of 81 species were recorded in the Restinga de Jurubatiba National Park, a number two times higher than reported on previous studies. An identification key, including 57 Resident species, is also presented. CONCLUSIONS: Parallel lagoons were characterized by a small group of continental species presumably of marine ancestry (Secondary Division, while marine species

Desempenho organizacional e suas relações com competências gerenciais, suporte organizacional e treinamento

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Hugo Pena Brandão

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Na pesquisa aqui relatada, objetivou-se verificar a existência de relações preditivas entre as competências expressas por gerentes de agências bancárias, a percepção deles sobre o suporte organizacional, o número de horas dedicadas por eles a treinamentos e o desempenho das agências em que atuam. Valeu-se de questionários estruturados para coleta de dados primários, sendo a amostra constituída por 186 gerentes de agências e 77 superintendentes regionais do Banco do Brasil. Utilizaram-se, também, dados secundários sobre o desempenho das agências em seis dimensões: resultado econômico, estratégia e operações, sociedade, clientes, processos e comportamento organizacional. Foram realizadas análises de regressão padrão para teste do modelo de investigação. As competências relativas à gestão estratégica e à gestão financeira revelaram-se preditoras de diferentes dimensões do desempenho das agências. Outras competências (gestão de processos e gestão socioambiental, o número de horas dedicadas a treinamentos e a percepção dos gestores acerca das práticas de gestão de desempenho da empresa (uma dimensão do suporte organizacional apresentaram efeitos menos abrangentes. Depois de isolados os efeitos de variáveis de controle, as variâncias explicadas pelos referidos preditores situaram-se entre 2,2% e 6,8%. Recaiu sobre o desempenho da agência na perspectiva clientes o menor percentual de explicação e sobre o desempenho nas perspectivas resultado econômico e estratégia e operações a maior variância explicada. Ao final, são discutidas implicações dos resultados e apresentadas recomendações práticas.

O Conteúdo do Relatório da Administração e o Comportamento da Informação nas Empresas Brasileiras

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Sonia Raifur Kos

2013-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo desse estudo é verificar se existe alteração no enfoque das informações apresentadas no Relatório da Administração (RA, considerando os níveis diferenciados de Governança Corporativa em virtude do desempenho. O enfoque informacional, variável dependente do estudo, foi construído qualitativamente por meio da análise de conteúdo, a qual identificou dez ênfases: Operacional, Fluxo de Caixa, Resultado, Faturamento, Conjuntura Econômica, Mercado, Responsabilidade Socioambiental, Governança Corporativa, Tecnologia e Fontes e Usos de Recursos. O desempenho, variável independente, foi calculado por meio dos indicadores sugeridos por Lyra e Corrar (2009: Rentabilidade sobre o Patrimônio Líquido, Rentabilidade sobre o Ativo, Liquidez Corrente, Endividamento, Crescimento das Vendas, Margem Líquida e Giro do Ativo. Duas hipóteses foram definidas: (i se existe variação no enfoque informacional do RA em empresas que aderiram e não aderiram aos níveis diferenciados de Governança Corporativa; e (ii se existe variação no enfoque informacional do RA entre os níveis internos de Governança Corporativa. Por meio da Regressão com Dados em Painel, as hipóteses foram testadas e confirmadas. Com base nos resultados encontrados, é possível afirmar que quanto maior o nível de Governança Corporativa em que a empresa estiver inserida, menor será a influência que os enfoques receberão dos indicadores de desempenho. Diante dos achados, percebeu-se que as boas práticas de governança corporativa contribuem positivamente para a qualidade e transparência da informação disponibilizada aos diversos usuários. Palavras-chave: Relatório da Administração; Enfoque Informacional; Desempenho e Governança Corporativa.

CARACTERÍSTICAS DE PERSONALIDAD INFANTIL ASOCIADAS AL RIESGO AMBIENTAL POR SITUACIÓN DE POBREZA

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Viviana Lemos

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Los factores disposicionales y socioambientales de la personalidad no son elementos separados, deben ser vistos holísticamente como un sistema persona-medio que funciona como una totalidad. Por lo cual un ambiente desfavorecido por la pobreza es una variable socioambiental que interactuaría con las disposiciones del niño pequeño, pudiendo incidir en ciertas característicasde personalidad. En base a lo mencionado, el objetivo específico de este trabajo fue comparar el perfil de personalidad de niños en riesgo ambiental por situación de pobreza con el de niños sin estas características. Se administró el Cuestionario Argentino de Personalidad Infantil (CAPI en su versión para niños de 6 a 8 años (Lemos, 2005. Se compararon los perfiles de personalidad de ambas muestras mediante MANOVAs, comparaciones de mediasy gráficos de perfiles. A partir de estos análisis, se pudieron observar diferencias significativas tanto a nivel de los factores como de las facetas de personalidad, entre los niños en riesgo por pobreza y los niños no expuestos a esta condición. Las diferencias significativas se presentaron específicamente en el factor Escrupulosidad y en las facetas: competencia, vulnerabilidad, sentimiento gregario y emociones positivas, orden y ac ción.En relación a los factores y facetas de personalidad en los que no se encontraron diferencias significativas desde el punto de vista estadístico es posible observar, a partir de la comparación de los perfiles de medias de ambos grupos, que la dirección de los resultados encontrados concuerda en general con los patrones vinculados a los aspectos temperamentales de los niños en riesgo que la literatura menciona recurrentemente, como por ejemplo: (a valores levemente más elevados en el factor de Neuroticismo y (b valores levemente más descendidos en los factores de Extraversión, Mesura, Escrupulosidad y Apertura.

OS RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS COMO CONDICIONANTE DE DOENÇAS NA CIDADE DE MANAUS – AM/ Solid urban waste as conditioning of diseases in the city of Manaus-AM

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Ulliane de Amorim Pereira

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Este estudo analisa a ocorrência da disposição final ambientalmente inadequada dos resíduos sólidos urbanos na cidade de Manaus, tal prática realizada sem critérios ambientais adequados se torna um condicionante de doenças, implicando na saúde e na qualidade de vida da população. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a problemática dos resíduos sólidos na cidade de Manaus e identificar sua interferência na saúde humana. O estudo foi desenvolvido com base na bibliografia especializada sobre o tema e a realização de trabalho de campo na cidade de Manaus, além de coleta de dados no DATASUS e IBGE. A precária aplicabilidade das políticas públicas resulta na degradação de alguns ambientes em Manaus, sendo identificados comumente em alguns espaços da cidade durante realização de trabalho de campo, apresentando a existência de lixeiras com excesso de material depositado e resíduo dispostos inadequadamente nos igarapés urbanos da cidade. Também se verificou que a espacialização da problemática dos resíduos sólidos não ocorre de forma homogênea na cidade, estando mais presente nas áreas periféricas. Além disso, verificou-se que a cidade apresenta o total elevado de casos de doenças que têm como condicionante socioambiental a disposição inadequada do resíduo, especialmente a Leptospirose. Conclui-se assim que o resíduo e a respectiva disposição inadequada do mesmo atuam como um condicionante de doenças na cidade de Manaus, estando as ocorrências ligadas a precariedade da gestão e gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos urbanos na cidade.

A gestão dos recursos naturais nas organizações certificadas pela norma NBR ISO 14001 Managementof natural resources in organizations certified by NBR ISO 14001 standard

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Celso Machado Junior

2013-03-01

Full Text Available O estudo destaca um conjunto de variáveis associadas aos processos de controle e às ações para mitigar o consumo dos recursos nas operações com o objetivo de verificar se as empresas certificadas pela norma NBR ISO 14001 apresentam procedimentos de gestão ambiental significativamente diferentes dos adotados pelas empresas não certificadas por essa norma. É uma pesquisa descritiva assentada em uma amostra composta por 649 empresas de diferentes ramos de atividade, que disponibilizaram informações para a publicação na revista Análise Gestão Ambiental (2008. Foram objeto de estudo os seguintes recursos: água, energia elétrica, combustíveis, lenha/carvão e recursos minerais. A utilização de tratamento estatístico, consubstanciada na regressão logística e no quiquadrado, permitiu evidenciar que as empresas certificadas pela norma NBR ISO 14001 acentuam um conjunto maior dos fatores ambientais em sua gestão por meio de controles, ações e programas estruturados, demonstrando assim maior preocupação socioambiental.This study focuses on a set of variables associated with control processes and actions to mitigate the consumption of resources in operations in order to determine whether the companies certified by NBR ISO 14001 standard have environmental management procedures significantly different from those adopted by the companies which are not certified. It is a descriptive research based on a sample of 649 companies of different businesses which provided information for publication in the journal "Análise Gestão Ambiental" (2008. The objects of this study were the following: water, electricity, fuel, wood/coal and mineral resources. Using statistical analysis, embodied in the logistic regression and chi-square test, it was observed that the companies certified by NBR ISO 14001 standard invest in a larger set of environmental factors in their management, through controls, actions, and programs structured to reduce the

Mechanical And Microstructural Evaluation Of A Wear Resistant Steel; Avaliacao mecanica e microestrutural de um aco resistente ao desgaste

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santos, F.L.F. dos; Vieira, A.G.; Correa, E.C.S.; Pinheiro, I.P., E-mail: falletti@hotmail.co [Centro Federal de Educacao Tecnologica de Minas Gerais (CEFET/MG), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia de Materiais

2010-07-01

In the present work, the analysis of the mechanical properties and the microstructural features of a high strength low alloy steel, containing chromium, molybdenum and boron, subjected to different heat treatments, was conducted. After austenitizing at 910 deg C for 10 minutes, three operations were carried out: oil quenching, oil quenching followed by tempering at 200 deg C for 120 minutes and austempering at 400 deg C for 5 minutes followed by water cooling. The analysis was performed through tensile and hardness tests, optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The bainitic structure led to high strength and toughness, both essential mechanical properties for wear resistant steels. The occurrence of allotriomorphic ferrite and retained austenite in the samples also increased the wear resistance. This phenomenon is related to the fact that both structures are able to be deformed and, in the case of the retained austenite, the transformation induced plasticity TRIP effect may take place as the material is used. (author)

Evaluation of welding by MIG in martensitic stainless steel; Avaliacao da soldagem pelo processo MIG em aco inoxidavel martensitico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fernandes, M.A. [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), SP (Brazil); Mariano, N.A.; Marinho, D.H.C. Marinho, E-mail: neideaparecidamariano@gmail.co [Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL), Pocos de Caldas, MG (Brazil)

2010-07-01

This work evaluated structure's characterization and mechanical properties after the welding process of the stainless steel CA6NM. The employed welding process was the metal active gas with tubular wire. The control of the thermal cycle in the welding process has fundamental importance regarding the properties of the welded joint, particularly in the thermally affected zone. The mechanical properties were appraised through impact resistance tests and the hardness and microstructure through metallographic characterization and Ray-X diffraction. The parameters and the process of welding used promoted the hardness and toughness appropriate to the applications of the steel. Welding energy's control becomes an essential factor that can affect the temperature of carbide precipitation and the nucleation of the retained austenite in the in the region of the in the thermally affected zone. (author)

Evaluation of process variables in obtaining of organo clays; Avaliacao das variaveis de processo na obtencao de argilas organofilicas

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Costa, D.L.; Cardoso, M.A.F.; Ferreira, H.S.; Neves, G.A.; Ferreira, H.C. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (CCT/UFCG), PB (Brazil). Centro de Ciencais e Tecnologia. Unidade Academica de Engenharia de Materiais], e-mail: danubialisboa@gmail.com

2008-07-01

The Paraiba state is the greater producing of bentonite in Brazil, for several industrial uses. In this production the Na{sup +} bentonite are distinguished, that when treated with ionic surfactants are used in based oil drilling fluids. The national production of organoclays for based oil drilling fluids is very poor, so this product is imported by PETROBRAS, from America. This present work has as objective the study of involved basic organofilization variable process such as: speed of agitation, temperature and time of cure preparation of organoclays, using bentonite clays Brasgel PA and Cloisite NA{sup +}, later treated with the ionic surfactant Praepagem WB. Organoclays had been characterized by X-ray and swell of Foster to determine the organoclays compatibility with the oil ways and to correlate the variable studied with the gotten results. (author)

AIDS related thoracic lymphoma: evaluation by computed tomography; Linfoma toracico na sindrome da imunodeficiencia adquirida: avaliacao por tomografia computadorizada

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Siciliano, Antonio Alexandre de Oliveira [Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Servico de Radiodiagnostico; Marchiori, Edson [Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Curso de Pos-graduacao em Radiologia

2000-02-01

The authors reviewed five cases of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) related lymphoma to describe the thoracic findings on computed tomography. The patients were followed at Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga Filho, Hospital Universitario Antonio Pedro and Hospital da Lagoa, from November, 1989 to March 1998. Epidemiological, clinical and pathological data from these patients were quiet variable and pulmonary nodules and masses, hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and thoracic wall masses were observed. AIDS related lymphomas involving the chest are pleomorphic and most commonly extranodal. (author)

Evaluation of the energetic equivalence of goat manure biogas; Avaliacao da equivalencia energetica do biogas de esterco de caprinos

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Canafistula, Francisco Jose Firmino; Carvalho, Paulo Cesar Marques de [Universidade Federal do Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, CE (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia Eletrica], e-mails: firmino@ufc.br, carvalho@dee.ufc.br

2008-07-01

The present paper shows the results of a research about a new production system model based on goats; part of the animals manure is used for biogas production. The biogas is used as fuel for water pumping for the irrigation of the animals pasture. For the viability of the project, a photovoltaic powered electrified fence was used. Additional to the positive results of sustainability, innovative solutions were developed for sizing, optimization and costs reduction by the use of digesters in small rural communities of the semi-arid of the Brazilian Northeast Region. (author)

Rural electrification based on photovoltaic systems: systemic evaluation and analysis; Eletrificacao rural com sistemas fotovoltaicos: avaliacao e analise sistemicas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Orellana Lafuente, Renan Jorge

1995-07-01

In spite of all advances made by modern technology, there are still regions which remoteness has made electrification of poor rural localities very difficult or impossible. The only practical solution for these localities is a local, decentralized form of electrical generation, such as solar energy. Based on its availability and potential, together with the scientific and technical advances made in photovoltaic conversion, solar energy is an alternative which is viable for many rural areas in developing countries. The technology has matured sufficiently, but in its application there is still a need for systematization for experiences, especially in the areas of planning and management. The present work deals with a project carried in the community of Chimboata, Chimboata department, Bolivia. The implementation aspects are analysed and the implementation methodology described. Finally, the forms of managing and funding this type of systems are analysed. (author)

Pulmonary leukemic involvement: high-resolution computed tomography evaluation; Comprometimento pulmonar nas leucemias: avaliacao por tomografia computadorizada de alta resolucao

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oliveira, Ana Paola de [Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina. Programa de Pos-graduacao em Radiologia; Marchiori, Edson [Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ (Brazil). Dept. de Radiologia; Souza, Junior, Arthur Soares [Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Jose do Rio Preto (FAMERP), SP (Brazil). Dept. de Radiologia

2004-12-01

Objective: To evaluate the role of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in patients with leukemia and pulmonary symptoms, to establish the main patterns and to correlate them with the etiology. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of the HRCT of 15 patients with leukemia and pulmonary symptoms. The examinations were performed using a spatial high-resolution protocol and were analyzed by two independent radiologists. Results: The main HRCT patterns found were ground-glass opacity (n=11), consolidation (n=9), airspace nodules (n=3), septal thickening (n=3), tree-in-bud pattern (n=3), and pleural effusion (n=3). Pulmonary infection was the most common finding seen in 12 patients: bacterial pneumonia (n=6), fungal infection (n = 4), pulmonary tuberculosis (n=1) and viral infection (n=1). Leukemic pleural infiltration (n=1), lymphoma (n=1) and pulmonary hemorrhage (n=1) were detected in the other three patients. Conclusion: HRCT is an important tool that may suggest the cause of lung involvement, its extension and in some cases to guide invasive procedures in patients with leukemia. (author)

Evaluation of personal protective devices used in diagnostic radiology; Avaliacao de dispositivos de protecao individual utilizados em radiologia diagnostica

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Soares, Fernanda Cristina Salvador

2006-07-01

In this work protective devices of five manufacturers were evaluated according to the NBR/IEC 61331-1 and NBR/IEC 61331-3 standards. Three different methodologies (linear interpolation, Archer model and sum of exponentials) were applied for the determination of the attenuation equivalent, since the standard does not indicate how it must be determined. Moreover, the uncertainties associated to each method, and the influence of the number of measurements in the combined uncertainty were estimated. The evaluated manufacture characteristics were: accompanying document, design, materials, dimensions and label marking. For this evaluation a check list about the requirements of the NBR/IEC 61331-3 standard was elaborated. The results showed a great difference between nominal and measured attenuation equivalent values. The comparison of the results using the three methodologies showed small variations among the obtained values and among the associated uncertainties in the different methodologies. It was possible to observe that the number of measurements does not contribute significantly for the increase of the uncertainty in all three methodologies. The best methodology for the laboratory routine is the linear interpolation methodology, with five measurements for each air kerma rate value. The discrepancy between the results obtained in this work and the requirements of the applied standards show the need to adopt a compulsory certification process for protective devices, thus contributing for the increase of the radiation protection of the users. (author)

Imaging assessment of isolated lesions affecting cranial nerve III; Avaliacao por imagem das lesoes isoladas do III par craniano

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garcia, Marcelo de Mattos [Colegio Brasileiro de Radiologia e Diagnostico por Imagem (CBR), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)]. E-mail: cidbh@cidbh.com.br; Martins, Jose Carlos Tadeu [Sociedade Brasileira de Neuroradiologia, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2005-05-15

The aim of this study is to review the anatomy and main pathologic conditions affecting cranial nerve III using imaging studies, particularly magnetic resonance imaging. Imaging methods are essential in the evaluation of patients with suspected lesions of the oculomotor nerve once signs and symptoms are unspecific and a large number of diseases can affect cranial nerve III. A brief review of the literature is also presented. (author)

Probabilistic model for primary distribution networks performance evaluation; Modelo probabilistico para avaliacao do desempenho de redes de distribuicao primaria

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Valente, Andre Luiz de Carvalho

1997-07-01

A method for performance evaluation of primary feeders with respect to voltage drop, loss and level of reliability to use, specially in studies of investment planning is focused. The probabilistic model is the chronological minimum length tree. The work consists of: analysis of model; proposition of modifications in model necessary to brazilian electrical sector reality, introducing parameter representing the load density; model adaptation to reliability studies, with evaluation of principal indicators in use in the country; development of software for microcomputer; the simulation of some cases with the software; based in the results, attainment of laws to facilitate the use of model. Eventually, the conclusions are made with considerations about possible applications of the method and research topics for further developments are settled. (author)

Evaluation of external exposure in a radioactive waste deposit; Avaliacao da exposicao externa em um deposito de rejeitos radioativos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oliveira, Sergio Quinet de; Pereira, Wagner de Souza; Py Junior, Delcy de Azevedo; Dores, Luis Augusto de Carvalho Bresser; Dantas, Marcelino Vicente de Almeida; Silva, Ana Claudia Antunes; Garcia Filho, Oswaldo, E-mail: wspereira@inb.gov.b, E-mail: sergioquinet@inb.gov.b, E-mail: delcy@inb.gov.b, E-mail: luisdores@inb.gov.b, E-mail: marcelino@inb.go.b, E-mail: anasilva@inb.gov.b, E-mail: ogarcia@inb.gov.b [Industrias Nucleares do Brasil (UTM/INB), Pocos de Caldas, MG (Brazil). Unidade de Tratamento de Minerio

2011-10-26

The ore treatment unit (OTU) of Industrias Nucleares do Brasil (INB), located at Caldas municipality - Minas Gerais, Brazil, posses a radioactive deposit, coming mainly from the chemical processing of monazite sands for obtention of 'rare earths'. The main components of these waste are the 'torta II (thorium rich residues) and the 'mesothorium' ({sup 228}Ra rich residues) - conditioned in steel drums (200 liters), plastic pumps (100 liters) or underground silos. These loaders are deposited in waste loading warehouses existent at the OTU and periodic evaluations of the external exposure rates (mR/h) are part of the 'Programa de Monitoracao Radiologica Ocupacional' of the unit. This paper presents a brief history of origins of this waste deposit and the material found there, and also the result of a routine monitoring of the external exposure rates

Evaluation of the dispersion of oil refinery liquid effluent; Avaliacao da dispersao de efluente liquido de refinaria de petroleo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mariano, Adriano Pinto; Silva, Ariovaldo Jose da; Oliveira, Valdenilson Jose Alves de; Angelis, Dejanira de Franceschi de [Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP (Brazil). Dept. de Bioquimica e Microbiologia. Inst. de Biociencias], e-mail: adrianomariano@yahoo.com.br

2010-07-15

In this paper, two techniques to evaluate the dispersion of the effluent of an oil refinery are presented. Thus, the dispersion plume was characterized by field measurements of electrical conductivity and by computational simulation (Cormix simulator). An oil refinery whose effluent is discharged on the Atibaia river (Paulinia/SP) is taken as study case. The behavior of the effluent was evaluated until 1000 m after the discharge. The results show that the measurement of electrical conductivity is a suitable technique to evaluate the dispersion of oil refinery wastewaters, since they have high conductivity and for this reason there is a strong contrast between the values of the wastewater and the ambient background. Furthermore, other water quality parameters had a dispersion behavior similar to that shown by the conductivity. The dispersion plume generated by the computational simulator showed high concordance with the field data. In this manner, computational simulation can be a useful tool to evaluate the dispersion of discharges considering hypothetical scenarios, as well as to design the discharge channel. (author)

Intussusception in children: imaging evaluation and therapeutic approach; Intussuscepcao em criancas: avaliacao por metodos de imagem e abordagem terapeutica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cunha, Fabio Motta da; Figueiredo, Sizenildo da Silva; Nobrega, Bruno Barcelos da; Monteiro, Soraya Silveira; Lederman, Henrique Manoel [Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP/EPM), SP (Brazil). Dept. de Diagnostico por Imagem]. E-mail: brunoradiol@hotmail.com; Oliveira, Galba Leite [Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Dept. de Diagnostico por Imagem

2005-05-15

Intussusception is a medical emergency that occur with higher frequency in children under 2 years of age. Diagnosis can be difficult as the classical triad of abdominal pain, jelly stools and palpable abdominal mass is seen in less than 50% of the patients. However, the diagnosis of intussusception can be established with variable degree of accuracy using plain abdominal x-ray films, ultrasound, computed tomography or barium (or air/saline) enema. Some of these imaging methods are also useful during treatment of this condition. The authors present a review of the literature and a pictorial essay of the imaging findings in patients with intussusception. In addition, a discussion on the current and controversial issues related to the treatment of intussusception is presented. (author)

Comparative exergoeconomic analysis of prime movers of cogeneration plants; Avaliacao exergoeconomica comparativa de acionadores primarios de plantas de cogeracao

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Donatelli, Joao L.M. [Espirito Santo Univ., Vitoria, ES (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia Mecanica]. E-mail: donatelli@lttc.com.ufrj.br; Vieira, Leonardo S.R. [Centro de Pesquisas de Energia Eletrica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Area de Conhecimento de Materiais e Mecanica]. E-mail: lsrv@cepel.br; Cruz, Manuel E.C. [Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia Mecanica]. E-mail: manuel@serv.com.ufrj.br

2000-07-01

In this paper we apply exergoeconomic principles to perform a comparative analysis of the use of internal combustion engines or gas turbines as prime movers of cogeneration plants. A preliminary comparison of these movers can be obtained by analysing them individually, considering the complete utilization of the generated products rated on a common exergetic basis. However, when these movers are integrated in a cogeneration plant, it is necessary to perform a global system analysis, which will consider the coupling between generation capacity and demand, under the design conditions. The design of a cogeneration plant should, ideally, consider all the aspects that affect its performance. In this paper we take into account several aspects which are not normally collectively considered in similar analyses encountered in the literature. Specifically, the comparative procedure considers the electrical tariff on an hourly basis, the electrical and thermal load profiles, the influence of the environmental conditions on the performance of the prime movers, sizing and operation mode options to meet plant loads, part-load efficiency, different criteria for cost partitioning, and, finally, the effect of size on plant cost. Once the operating conditions of the cogeneration plant are defined, the procedure attributes costs to all the fluxes, allowing for the identification of the ranges of capacity where each mover is economically advantageous. We apply the procedure to the energetic supply analysis of a typical process of Brazilian shopping centers. (author)

Polyamide 6/nickel ferrite composites: morphological and structural evaluation; Compositos poliamida 6 /ferrita de niquel: avaliacao morfologica e estrutural

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Menezes, P.C.F.; Santos, P.T.A.; Wanderley, A.S.D.; Costa, A.C.F.M.; Araujo, E.M., E-mail: patricia.fernandes24@hotmail.com [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Campina Grande, PB (Brazil). Unidade Academica de Engenharia de Materiais

2011-07-01

This study aims to evaluate the influence of particle size of the load on the structure and morphology of polyamide composite 6/ferrita nickel. To obtain the composite, the polyamide 6 was previously vacuum dried at 80 ° C/48h to eliminate moisture, and then the load was incorporated as powders and as synthesized after calcination at 900°C in the mass concentration of 50%. Subsequently, the mixture was compressed using three tons to obtain the composites, which were characterized by XRD and SEM. XRD results showed the characteristic peaks of polyamide 6 and ferrite. An increase in crystallinity was observed for the composite loaded calcined at 900° C. SEM results showed a good dispersion of nickel ferrite loading in the matrix, the presence of larger clusters and evenly distributed load for the composite calcined at 900 ° C. (author)

Comparative evaluation of online oil and gas monitor; Avaliacao de monitores de teor de oleo e graxa em linha

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Louvisse, Ana Maria Travalloni; Pereira Junior, Oswaldo de Aquino; Jesus, Rafael Ferreira de; Santos, Lino Antonio Duarte dos; Lopes, Humberto Eustaquio [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2004-07-01

Petroleum is predominantly recovered in form of water in oil emulsions, which are stabilised by petroleum resins and asphaltenes, the colloidal disperse components of crude oil. The water phase, separated during the production process, consists of a dilute oil in water emulsion, commonly called produced water.There are a wide variety of methods for determination of oil in produced water that are commercially based on a number of technique. On line continuously monitoring shall be particularly useful in providing information to assist in optimising the separation process and also to attend the environmental legislation for discharge the produced water. There are a wide variety of on line oil in water monitors that are commercially available based on a number of technique. In this paper, a comparative evaluation was made between some methods of on line oil in water detecting. These are light scattering and ultraviolet fluorescence technique. A brief description of the optical methods will be discussed and some of associated problems and limitation are pointed. The work was done in a specific experimental set up that allows the simultaneous pumping of crude oil and water through a calibrated restriction in a pipe has been used. A permanent pressure drop induced by the restriction leads to the dispersion of the oil droplets in the water phase. The monitors based on light scattering technique tested show good agreement between monitor reading and the oil dispersion used. Otherwise for ultraviolet fluorescence based monitors show a significant effect of the variation of oil type. (author)

Diagnosis of social and environmental evaluation of CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) projects; Diagnostico da sustentabilidade socioambiental nas atividades de projetos candidatos ao MDL (Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ziliotto, Marco Aurelio B.; Villa, Alessandra T.; Padilha, Simone L. Vieira; Canaverde, Patricia Margue [Instituto Ecoplan, PR (Brazil); Sanqueta, Carlos Roberto [Universidade Federal do Parana (UFPR), Curitiba, PR (Brazil)

2004-07-01

The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) contributes to sustainability and to sustainable development in those countries where CDM projects are developed and helps the countries from Annex I to achieve their reduction targets to Greenhouse Gases. This paper presents a proposal of a social and environmental sustainability diagnosis making use of a tool called Social and Environmental Evaluation Matrix - MADSA{sup R}. Its purpose is to establish and measure appropriate sustainable indicators to evaluate projects to ensure development benefits of CDM projects in host countries in consistency with Annex I countries developmental goals. MADSA{sup R} methodology allows a definition of a social and environmental baseline to MDL projects, and provides information to any interested group of people, from stockholders to local community; showing its results. It allows a greater clients', stockholders' and investor's trust as it measures the development so it makes possible the diagnosis and the comparison between all phases of the project. It also contributes to a continuous improvement through the participation of benefit groups in the diagnosis. Besides being an evaluation method and a management tool, this proposal looks for being a reference as an indicator pattern that evaluates the sustainable social and environmental development of CDM projects. (author)

Qualidade da divulgação socioambiental: um estudo sobre a acurácia das informações contábeis nos relatórios de sustentabilidade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Solange Garcia

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Actualmente, un conjunto más amplio de stakeholders justifica la creciente importancia de la divulgación socio ambiental para efecto de accountability. Sin embargo, la calidad de la información en los Informes de Sostenibilidad (RS ha sido cuestionada. Este estudio utiliza el análisis de contenido para investigar la precisión de los indicadores económicos (de EC1 a EC9 del estándar Global Reporting Initiative (GRI en los RS, comparado con las informaciones de los informes financieros. La muestra consiste en los Informes de Sostenibilidad de 23 empresas del sector eléctrico brasileño, publicados en 2011. Los resultados muestran que el grado de precisión es medio o bajo para todas las empresas, sugiriendo fallas en la elaboración de los datos económicos de los RS, para los cuales las empresas estarían supuestamente bien preparadas, ya que los sistemas contables de las empresas contienen la mayoría de las informaciones necesarias, especialmente para atender al Demostrativo de Valor Agregado (DVA, al CPC 33 Beneficios a Empleados y al CPC 07 Subvención y Asistencia Gubernamentales.

Turismo e desenvolvimento urbano : avaliação do impacto socio-ambiental da atividade turistica na Ilha de Santa Catarina : estudo de caso do projeto Jurere Internacional

OpenAIRE

Ferreira, Francisco Antonio Carneiro

1992-01-01

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciencias Humanas Este trabalho focaliza a problemática das relações entre sociedade e meio-ambiente nos processos de desenvolvimento urbano-turístico, assumindo a perspectiva dos estudos de avaliação de impactos sócio-ambientais. Identifica, nesse sentido, vários pontos de interseção entre a temática do desenvolvimento turístico e as preocupações centrais do enfoque de ecodesenvolvimento. A temática dos impactos sóc...

Desarrollo de herramientas de gestión socio-ambiental para cuencas andinas con actividades mineras = Development of socio-environmental management tools for Andean basins with mining activities

OpenAIRE

Pérez Foguet, Agustí; Yacoub López, Cristina; Miralles Esteban, Núria

2013-01-01

We present an analysis of three socio-environmental management tools developed and applied to an example of Andean basin with mining activities of significant importance. Socio-environmental conflicts related to mining activities are of increasing interest in the region. Most of them include water quality or quantity issues as a central part of the disputes. On the other hand, environmental regulations are changing from a paradigm focused on pollution control to a paradigm based on the health...

Urban planning as a tool to cope with climate change. Cooperation between the University of Lisbon and the Municipality

Science.gov (United States)

Alcoforado, M. J.; Andrade, H.; Lopes, A.

2009-09-01

on the analysis of a Landsat image and field work. By crosstabulating these two layers, a final map depicting Lisbon's "homogeneous climatic-response units” was prepared and can be consulted at the Municipality site (http://pdm.cm-lisboa.pt/pdf/RPDMLisboa_avaliacao_climatica.pdf). Finally, a series of climatic guidelines for planning were put forth for the different units and are to be included in the next version of the Master Plan. Subsequently, a city district microclimatic study is being carried out in a fast growing urban area north of Lisbon. Climate guidelines have also been put forth. The increase of vegetation in certain areas, the improvement of green spaces, the adequate disposal of new buildings in relation to wind and solar radiation are some of the outlined measures. The application of adaptation measures to climate change in urban areas contribute, at the same time, to an improved urban environment with benefits on energy consumption, air quality, comfort and human health, among others.

GESTÃO HÍDRICA A PARTIR DE CISTERNAS DE PLACAS: AVALIAÇÃO SOCIOAMBIENTAL DA EFICIÊNCIA DO P1MC NO MUNICÍPIO DE PEDRA LAVRADA-PB

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Adailton Silva

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Atualmente, muitas populações rurais do Semiárido brasileiro têm convivido com árduas realidades em virtude da carência de água. Diante disto, as cisternas de placas surgem como mecanismo para prover o acesso e disponibilidade de água. Neste sentido, a Articulação do Semiárido (ASA elaborou o “Programa Um Milhão de Cisternas Rurais – P1MC”, o qual busca prover o gerenciamento e a valorização da água para a “convivência sustentável” com a escassez de água no Semiárido brasileiro. Conhecendo-se as premissas do P1MC, o presente estudo objetivou analisar a eficiência das cisternas de placas e o desempenho do P1MC para com a disponibilidade de água, e a melhoria da qualidade de vida das famílias que convivem com a escassez hídrica. Para tanto, foram realizados: i estudos sobre a pluviometria (série de 61 anos de precipitação pluvial; ii estimativa do Volume Potencial de Captação (VPC dos telhados residenciais e das cisternas; e iii aplicação de questionários semiestruturados a 40 famílias beneficiadas pelo P1MC, no município de Pedra Lavrada – PB. Como resultados, concluiu-se que: 1 as cisternas de placa é uma tecnologia eficiente e capaz de suprir as necessidades hídricas durante o período de estiagem (8 meses; 2 o P1MC apresentou pontos negativos: ausência de fiscalização das cisternas com problemas (rachaduras e vazamentos, e a impossibilidade de atender aos anseios familiares (dessedentação animal ou cultivo de pequenas lavouras; e 3 o P1MC promoveu o acesso/disponibilidade de água, e “independência hídrica”, promovendo assim a sustentabilidade das famílias rurais em meio às adversidades edafoclimáticas do Semiárido brasileiro.

Matrizes que se cruzam: interações entre movimento socioambiental e campo jornalístico Matrixes that cross each other: interactions between the socioenvironmental movements and journalistic field

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jane Mazzarino

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Este artigo trata das interações entre o campo jornalístico e o dos movimentos sociais, onde observamos o entrecruzamento de matrizes culturais. Neste contexto, a cidadania funciona como estratégia de oferta de sentido dos movimentos socioambientais na busca por visibilidade pública. A partir de um estudo empírico, o artigo identifica as matrizes culturais do campo jornalístico e dos movimentos socioambientais, analisa como a fonte enquadra seus discursos para dar visibilidade a suas agendas, e o lugar que a matriz ambiental ocupa nesta interação.This paper is about the interactions between the journalistic field and social movements, where we observe the crossing of cultural matrixes. In this context, citizenship works as a meaning offer strategy for the socioenvironmental movements in search of public visibility. Based on an empirical study, this article identifies the cultural matrixes of the journalistic field and the socioenvironmental movements. It analyzes how the source frames its speeches to provide its agendas with visibility, and the position occupied by the environmental matrix in this interaction.

Social-environmental fragility analysis for diagnosis of watershed in study of hydroelectric projects; Analise de fragilidade socioambiental para o diagnostico de bacias hidrograficas no estudo de empreendimentos hidreletricos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Maciel, Jonas Fernandes; Dzedzej, Maira [IX Consultoria e Representacoes Ltda, Itajuba, MG (Brazil); Oliveira, Samuel Torres de; Flauzino, Barbara [IX Consultoria e Representacoes Ltda, Itajuba, MG (Brazil); Universidade Federal de Itajuba, (UNIFEI), MG (Brazil)

2010-07-01

This paper presents a methodology for assessing the social-environmental fragility of a watershed where there is potential for installation of hydropower projects. The method includes dividing the watershed into sub areas (by analysis of similar characteristics) and, subsequently, the use of 23 indicators grouped into six social-environmental components (Water Resources and Aquatic Ecosystems, Terrestrial Ecosystems and the Physical Environment, Territorial Organization, Way of Life, Economic Base and Indigenous Communities and Traditional Populations), which together seek to portray all aspects involved in the fragility of the area. The technique was applied in the basin of the Coxim river in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, assuming that there is interest or the possibility of installing hydropower plants within its boundaries. The basin was divided into three sub areas, considering physical parameters (such as topography, rainfall and hydrology), which were ranked by calculating the fragility of each one of the social-environmental indicators. As a result, a map was created to indicate the sub areas more susceptible to damage and those which should be more resistant to the installation of impacting activities, such as hydropower plants. The use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the work of a multidisciplinary team can reduce the degree of subjectivity of the methodology and allow, (by modifying some considerations inherent in the partial calculations,) its application in other situations where the possibility of installing hydropower projects is not considered. (author)

Vulnerabilidade socioambiental dos pescadores e catadores de caranguejo da Baía de Guanabara: o trabalho e a saúde em um contexto de injustiça ambiental

OpenAIRE

Márcia Ferreira Mendes Rosa

2012-01-01

O estudo tem como objetivo compreender as alterações socioambientais e econômicas que exercem grande pressão no ecossistema e que atuam diretamente na vida, trabalho e saúde dos pescadores artesanais e dessa forma promover a discussão sobre a possibilidade do fim dessa atividade artesanal na Baía de Guanabara em um contexto de vulnerabilidade e injustiça ambiental. A atividade pesqueira artesanal desenvolvida durante décadas está ameaçada de acabar principalmente por conta da degradação do am...

Socio environmental approach of production of bio diesel in the Energy Decenal Plan 2008 - 2017; Abordagem socioambiental da producao de biodiesel no Plano Decenal de Energia 2008 - 2017

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Conde, Marcos; Almeida, Andre; Silva, Cesar; Botelho, Glauce; Vieira, Hermani; Nuti, Mirian; Furtado, Ricardo [Secretaria do Meio Ambiente do Estado de Sao Paulo (SMA/EPE), SP (Brazil). Escola de Politicas de Estado

2008-07-01

This article presents the brief exposition of the central points of the associated studies to the PDE 2008-2017, as far the biodiesel is concerning. These exposition viewed the identification of socioenvironmental variable of the productive chain of the biodiesel, not only production facilities but also the agricultural phase and the benefits of residual greasy input, focusing through 'input', 'residues' and 'social perspectives' categories. It is expected that the studies presented in this paper can constituted adequate subsides for the development of the methodology during the next planning cycles.

Ultrasound stress measurements for API X65 pipes; Avaliacao por ultra-som das tensoes impostas em tubo API X-65

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Medeiros, Raimundo C.; Santos, Ramon Loback Medeiros [TRANSPETRO - PETROBRAS Transporte S.A., Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Bittencourt, Marcelo S.Q.; Lamy, Carlos A. [Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear (IEN), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Donato, Guilherme V.P. [PETROBRAS S.A., Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2003-07-01

Risks of damages or even premature collapse of buried pipelines caused by their interaction with geologically unstable soils are well-established phenomena. Therefore, both monitoring and measurements of the actual loads transmitted by the soil to the pipeline are mandatory requirements, and define the necessity of developing new nondestructive techniques capable to carry out through evaluations of these loads in field. The aim of this paper has been placed on the presentation of a cutting-edge ultrasonic technology applied to stress measurements. To accomplish this purpose a series of ultrasonic tests were conducted on tensile specimens extracted from API 5L Grade X-65 steel pipe to determine its acoustic birefringence. The results have evidenced the acoustic birefringence to be a technique sufficiently consistent and, consequently, it shall be considered as a promising tool for the evaluation of the structural integrity of metallic structures in the near future. In addition, it was also observed that the use of this technique allows measuring the residual stress resulting from the pipe manufacturing process. (author)

Evaluation of elemental composition of clays from Campos Gerais (MG); Avaliacao da composicao elementar de argilas de Campos Gerais (MG)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Martins, Joao P.M.; Maduar, Marcelo F.; Silva, Paulo S.C da, E-mail: jpmm0697@hotmail.com [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2013-07-01

There are numerous applications given to clays including oil and water adsorbent, ceramic, whitening of beverages, porcelain, waste treatment, organic carrier molecules in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, support for catalysts. In the pharmaceutical industry, the clays are used as excipients, diluents, desiccants, emulsifiers, to mask undesirable flavors, isotonic agent such as charger and delivery of active substances. These characteristics have contributed to the expansion of the search for applications of clay minerals in the cosmetic industry. The aim of this study was to determine the elemental composition of clays from Campos Gerais, Minas Gerais, with a view to their applicability in the production of cosmetics. The elements As, Ba, Br, Ce, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, Hf, K, La, Lu, Na, Nd, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Ta, Tb, Th,U, Yb and Zn were determined by neutron activation analysis and radionuclide activity concentration of {sup 226}Ra, {sup 228} Ra, {sup 210}Pb and {sup 40}K were determined by gamma spectrometry. It was verified that the activity concentration of radionuclides was in the same concentration as the global average, indicating that these samples do not present a risk of increased radiation exposure. The concentration of most elements determined is less than or equal to the overall mean concentrations, indicated by the values of Continental Upper Crust. (author)

Glass forming ability of the Al-Ce-Ni system; Avaliacao da capacidade de formacao vitrea do sistema Al-Ce-Ni

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Triveno Rios, C. [Engenharia Mecanica, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Rondonopolis, MT (Brazil)], e-mail: triveno@ufmt.br; Surinach, S.; Baro, M.D. [Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais - Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos, SP (Brazil); Bolfarini, C.; Botta, W.J.; Kiminami, C.S. [Departamento de Fisica da Universidade Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Spain)

2010-07-01

In the present work, the glass forming ability (GFA) and its compositional dependence on Al-Ni-Ce system alloys were investigated in function of several thermal parameters. Rapidly quenched Al{sub 85}Ni{sub 15}-{sub X}Ce{sub X} (X=4,5,6,7,10), Al{sub 90}Ni{sub 5}Ce{sub 5}, Al{sub 89}Ni{sub 2}.{sub 4}Ce{sub 8}.{sub 6}, Al{sub 80}Ni{sub 15.6}Ce{sub 4}.{sub 4} and Al{sub 78}Ni{sub 18.5}Ce{sub 3.5} amorphous ribbons were produced by melt-spinning and the structural transformation during heating was studied using a combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that the GFA and the thermal stability in the Al-rich corner of Al- Ni-Ce system alloys were enhanced by increasing the solute content and specifically the Ce content (author)

Dose evaluation in special fluoroscopy procedures: Hysterosalpingography and Dacryocystography; Avaliacao de dose em procedimentos especiais de fluoroscopia: histerossalpingografia e dacriocistografia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lopes, Cintya Carolina Barbosa

2006-04-15

The hysterosalpingography (HSG) and dacryocystography (DCG) are among the special fluoroscopy procedures. The HSG is a radiodiagnostic technique used to detect uterine and tubal pathologies and it is fundamental for the investigation of infertility. The DCG is a form of lacrimal system imaging, being important to show the level of obstruction, the presence of dilatation of the lacrimal sac, as well as alterations in nearby structures. At this research, the study of skin entrance dose was evaluated for these two special fluoroscopy procedures, besides the analyses of staff doses whose performs the exams. The exams of 22 HSG patients and 8 DCG patients were evaluated using TL-100 dosimeters attached on patient' skin at anatomical landmarks evolved on each exam. In the case of HSG, the results showed that skin entrance doses varied from 0.5 mGy to 73.4 mGy, with an average value of 22.1 mGy. The estimated uterus dose was 5.5 mGy, and 6.6 mGy was the average dose estimated to the ovaries. The patient' skin entrance dose undergoing to DCG examinations varied from 2.1 mGy to 10.6 mGy, and the average eye's dose was 6.1 mGy. The results of staff dose showed that, on HSG, the average dose on doctor's right hand was 4.3 mGy per examination. This value had to the fact that the physician introduces the contrast manually while all contrast exposures. In relation of DCG, the staff's dose values were nearby background radiation, evidencing that, inside of permitted limits, there is no risk for the physicians at this procedure. (author)

Experimental evaluation of the objective virtual mass coefficient; Avaliacao experimental do coeficiente de massa virtual apoiada em uma formulacao objetiva

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Heilbron Filho, Paulo Fernando Lavalle

1984-04-15

This work is a continuation of many others studies that have been made in the field of two-phase flow, concerning the influence of the void fraction in a parameter known as 'induced mass' that appears in the constitutive equation of the inter-phase force called 'virtual mass force'. The determination of the influence of the void fraction in the induced mass is done using experiment involving a bubble flow in a vertical tube filled with water. Using the two-phase flow model together with some hypothesis concerning the bubble flow experience and the constitutive equation for the virtual mass force, we achieve through the analysis of the filming of the experiment our purpose in determining the influence of the void fraction on the induced mass. (author)

Imaging of acquired non-traumatic cochlear lesions: iconographic essay; Avaliacao por imagem das lesoes cocleares adquiridas (nao-traumaticas): ensaio iconografico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garcia, Marcelo de Mattos; Gonzaga, Juliana Gontijo [Clinica Axial - Centro de Imagem, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil)]. E-mail: cidbh@cidbh.com.br; marcelogarcia@superig.com.br

2006-04-15

Different non-traumatic acquired cochlear lesions are shown in this article with imaging methods. They may be responsible for neuro sensorial hearing loss or vertigo. The method of choice is computed tomography when evaluating the osseous labyrinth whereas magnetic resonance imaging has superior resolution in the studies of the membranaceous labyrinth. (author)

Dose evaluation in special fluoroscopy procedures: Hysterosalpingography and Dacryocystography; Avaliacao de dose em procedimentos especiais de fluoroscopia: histerossalpingografia e dacriocistografia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lopes, Cintya Carolina Barbosa

2006-04-15

The hysterosalpingography (HSG) and dacryocystography (DCG) are among the special fluoroscopy procedures. The HSG is a radiodiagnostic technique used to detect uterine and tubal pathologies and it is fundamental for the investigation of infertility. The DCG is a form of lacrimal system imaging, being important to show the level of obstruction, the presence of dilatation of the lacrimal sac, as well as alterations in nearby structures. At this research, the study of skin entrance dose was evaluated for these two special fluoroscopy procedures, besides the analyses of staff doses whose performs the exams. The exams of 22 HSG patients and 8 DCG patients were evaluated using TL-100 dosimeters attached on patient' skin at anatomical landmarks evolved on each exam. In the case of HSG, the results showed that skin entrance doses varied from 0.5 mGy to 73.4 mGy, with an average value of 22.1 mGy. The estimated uterus dose was 5.5 mGy, and 6.6 mGy was the average dose estimated to the ovaries. The patient' skin entrance dose undergoing to DCG examinations varied from 2.1 mGy to 10.6 mGy, and the average eye's dose was 6.1 mGy. The results of staff dose showed that, on HSG, the average dose on doctor's right hand was 4.3 mGy per examination. This value had to the fact that the physician introduces the contrast manually while all contrast exposures. In relation of DCG, the staff's dose values were nearby background radiation, evidencing that, inside of permitted limits, there is no risk for the physicians at this procedure. (author)

Synthesis and evaluation of antimalarial activity of curcumin derivatives; Sintese e avaliacao da atividade antimalarica de compostos derivados da curcumina

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gomes, Patricia Ramos; Miguel, Fabio Balbino; Almeida, Mauro Vieira de; Couri, Mara Rubia Costa [Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFSJ), MG (Brazil). Instituto de Ciencias Exatas. Departamento de Quimica; Oliveira, Michael Eder de; Ferreira, Vanessa Viana; Guimaraes, Daniel Silqueira Martins; Lima, Aline Brito de; Barbosa, Camila de Souza; Oliveira, Mariana Amorim de; Almeida, Mauro Vieira de; Viana, Gustavo Henrique Ribeiro; Varotti, Fernando de Pilla, E-mail: varotti@ufsj.edu.br [Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del Rei (UFSJ), MG (Brazil). Centro de Ciencias da Saude; others, and

2014-05-15

ne of the main challenges in the development of new antimalarial drugs is to achieve a viable lead candidate with good pharmacokinetic properties. Curcumin has a broad range of biological activities, including antimalarial activity. Herein, we report the antimalarial activity of six curcumin derivatives (6-12) and an initial analysis of their pharmacokinetic properties. Five compounds have demonstrated potent activity against the P. falciparum in vitro (IC{sub 50} values ranging from 1.7 to 15.2 μg mL{sup -1}), with moderate or low cytotoxicity against the HeLa cell line. The substitution of the carbonyl group in 6 by a 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone group (to afford 11) increases the Selective Index. These preliminary results indicate curcumin derivatives as potential antimalarial compounds. (author)

Evaluation of the ocular protection for low intensity therapeutic lasers; Avaliacao da protecao ocular para lasers terapeuticos em baixa intensidade

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cordon, Rosely

2003-07-01

The low intensity laser therapy (LILT) has been extensively used in medicine and dentistry presenting positive effects. However, the laser radiation can also cause adverse effects. Due to the ocular focalization property, in the wavelength from 400 to 1400 nm, the retina is more susceptible to damage by radiation than any other part of the human body. Then, the ocular protection is frequently emphasized. This protection must attenuate the radiation to a safe level. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard IEC 60825-1 suggests safety requirements for medical laser equipment, including the ocular protection, based on maximum permissible exposure levels. The Brazilian legislation adopts a corresponding IEC standard, the NBR IEC 601.2.22, for safety requirements. The aim of this study was to analyze the adequacy of the ocular protectors furnished by four laser equipment manufacturers, commercially available in Brazil, commonly used for LILT. For this purpose, the laser equipment and the respective ocular protectors were characterized. The adequacy was verified according to the IEC standards. It was found, among other results, ocular protectors attenuating to safe levels the radiation emitted by the respective laser equipment, however, presenting inadequate visual transmission. Inefficient protection and protection indicated in cases where they were not necessary were also observed. (author)

Technological developments for environmental monitoring and assessment at PETROBRAS; O desenvolvimento de tecnologia de avaliacao e monitoramento ambiental na PETROBRAS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guimaraes, Pedro Penido D.; Veiga, Leticia Falcao [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Borges, Heloisa V.

2004-07-01

Since 2000 PETROBRAS adopted strategies and actions to establish excellence in Environmental Management and Operational Safety - PEGASO, having invested around 6.1 billions of reais in the last four years to reduce emissions, residues, effluents, and to improve prevention and accident control in its units. In this context, PETROBRAS Research and Development Center has been expanding knowledge about the ecosystems where the company operates, providing essential information to evaluate viability and sustainability on its enterprises, as well as for environmental licensing. Reinforcing its corporative strategy, it was created in 2002 the Environmental Assessment and Monitoring Section, a group that counts nowadays with 48 professionals. This group develops technology and methodology for monitoring in social and environmental context for the petroleum industry, gas and energy, evaluating the impacts of PETROBRAS activities and products life cycle, contributing for reduction of negative effects and to improve the company's environmental management. The research areas are: land, coastal and marine ecosystems monitoring, atmospheric monitoring and air quality, environmental chemistry, ecotoxicology, social and economic evaluation and environmental damage valuation. Working partnerships with the scientific community established several contacts with Brazilian and international universities. Among these various projects related to activities in the Brazilian offshore we present some aspects of the project Campos Basin Deep Sea Environmental Monitoring. (author)

Experimental evaluation of the objective virtual mass coefficient; Avaliacao experimental do coeficiente de massa virtual apoiada em uma formulacao objetiva

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Heilbron Filho, Paulo Fernando Lavalle

1984-04-15

This work is a continuation of many others studies that have been made in the field of two-phase flow, concerning the influence of the void fraction in a parameter known as 'induced mass' that appears in the constitutive equation of the inter-phase force called 'virtual mass force'. The determination of the influence of the void fraction in the induced mass is done using experiment involving a bubble flow in a vertical tube filled with water. Using the two-phase flow model together with some hypothesis concerning the bubble flow experience and the constitutive equation for the virtual mass force, we achieve through the analysis of the filming of the experiment our purpose in determining the influence of the void fraction on the induced mass. (author)

Decision theory on the quality evaluation of medical images; A teoria da decisao na avaliacao da qualidade da imagem medica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lessa, Patricia Silva

2001-10-01

The problem of quality has been a constant issue in every organization.One is always seeking to produce more, to do it at a lower cost, and to do it with better quality. However, in this country, there is no radiographic film quality control system for radiographic services. The tittle that actually gets done is essentially ad hoc and superficial. The implications of this gap, along with some other shortcomings that exist in process as a whole (the state of the x-ray equipment, the adequate to use in order to obtain a radiography, the quality of the film, the processing of the film, the brightness and homogeneity of the viewing boxes, the ability of the radiologist), have a very negative impact on the quality of the medical image, and, as result, to the quality of the medical diagnosis and therapy. It frequently happens that many radiographs have to be repeated, which leads to an increase of the patient's exposure to radiation, as well as of the cost of the procedure for the patient. Low quality radiographs that are not repeated greatly increase the probability of a wrong diagnosis, and consequently, of inadequate therapeutical procedures, thus producing increased incidence of bad outcomes and higher costs. The paradigm proposed in order to establish a system for the measurement of the image's quality is Decision Theory. The problem of the assessment of the image is studied by proposing a Decision Theory approach. The review of the literature reveals a great concern with the quality of the image, along with an absence of an adequate paradigm and several essentially empirical procedures. Image parameters are developed in order to formalize the problem in terms of Decision Theory, and various aspects of image digitalisation are exposed. Finally, a solution is presented, including a protocol for quality control. (author)

Cementing quality evaluation with ultrasonic logs in fiberglass casings; Avaliacao da qualidade do cimento em revestimentos de fibra de vidro

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Campos, Wellington; Lazaro, Andre F. [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2008-07-01

The sonic and ultrasonic profiles are used as the main tools in assessing the cementing quality between formation and casing in oil wells. This assessment is important, because, if there is a failure in the primary cementing, both the structural integrity and zone isolation will be compromised. The sonic profiles are based on the acoustic energy attenuation in casing, cement and formation, while the ultrasonic profiles are based on the resonance of the wave pulse within the media where they travel (casings, cement and formation). The attenuation and resonance are due to the difference in the way the wave travel within these media. The acoustic impedance is the quantification of this difference, determining the refraction and reflection between the environments, and wave attenuation as well. In steel casings, this difference is meaningful, allowing the captured signals (reflected pulses) to be interpreted as good adhesion between cement and casing, or a lack of adhesion at some interval. In fiber glass casings, the impedance contrast between glass and cement is small and not detectable with the CBL/VDL sensors. The CBL/VDL tools provide an inefficient assessment of the quality of the cementing. The ultrasonic profile does not have this problem, theoretically. The goal of this work is to demonstrate and recommend the ultrasonic tool as the main instrument to assess the cementation quality in fiber glass casings. (author)

DTS technology: evaluation in steam injection pilots in PETROBRAS; Tecnologias DTS: avaliacao em pilotos de injecao de vapor na PETROBRAS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Triques, Adriana Lucia Cerri; Rodrigues, Renato Cunha; Souza, Carlos Francisco Sales de; Izetti, Ronaldo Goncalves [Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. (PETROBRAS), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2012-07-01

In oil and gas industry, downhole pressure and temperature distributed sensors can provide strategic information for production optimization throughout the field. Upon the successful implementation of a pilot for optical fiber distributed temperature monitoring of observer wells in a steam injection field, two new pilots have been implemented to also monitor injectors and producers in both cyclic and continuous injection fields strongly influenced by H2S. The pilots demonstrated that this technology is suitable to monitor producers in onshore fields under the conditions above without risks to the production. The sensors did not prove to be suitable for long term monitoring of injectors under continuous steam injection if fiber is installed inside the injection tubing. For cyclic injection applications, the development of steam injection packers is needed to guarantee casing integrity during the injection cycle. The application of the technology in offshore wells is nowadays restricted to dry completion situation. The potential applicability in submarine wells is tightly linked to the development of downhole and wellhead wet mate optical fiber connectors. (author)

Evaluation of the agricultural tractor using biofuel and diesel oil; Avaliacao de um trator agricola utilizando biocombustivel e oleo diesel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lopes, Reny Adilmar Prestes; Pinheiro Neto, Raimundo; Meyer, Wagner; Mendonca, Elton Costa de; Roberti, Marcelo [Universidade Estadual de Maringa (UEM), PR (Brazil)], Emails: raplopes@uem.br, rpneto@uem.br

2009-07-01

Test with alternative fuels is essential to evaluate the performance of machines and engines. In this paper, the performance of a tractor in chiseling operation was evaluated using oil diesel and biofuel (oil diesel + soybean vegetable oil mixture). Speed of displacement, slip wheels, force traction bar and fuel consumption was evaluated in areas under tillage and no-tillage. The speed of displacement of the set presented similar behavior in tillage and no-tillage. Bigger values mean force in the bar of traction, slip and fuel consumptions had been observed for no-tillage with the tractor operating with diesel. Bigger values mean consumption the biofuel had been observed in areas under tillage. The coverings of the soil had influenced in the values of force bar traction, slip wheels, speed of displacement and fuel consumption. In the studied conditions, the tests demonstrate that the mixture oil diesel + soybean vegetable oil had not influenced in the performance of the tractor. (author)

Energetic evaluation of a mechanical dryer (flex) to familiar agriculture; Avaliacao energetica de um secador mecanico (FLEX) para cafeicultura familiar

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Donzeles, Sergio M.L. [Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuaria de Minas Gerais (CTZM/EPAMIG), Vicosa, MG (Brazil). Centro Tecnologico da Zona da Mata], E-mail: slopes@ufv.br; Silva, Juarez S.; Martin, Samuel; Nogueira, R.M.; Silva, Jadir N.; Zanata, Fabio L. [Universidade Federal de Vicosa (DEA/UFV), MG (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia Agricola], Emails: juarez@ufv.br, jadir@ufv.br, samuel.martin@ufv.br

2009-07-01

Actually, the coffee is one of the most important exportation crops of the country. The utilization of obsolete or unsuitable processes, specifically related to the coffee drying, it can to damage the final quality of the product, besides to result in a low profitability of the coffee growing. In this work a mechanical drier (flex) was built, for the familiar coffee growing, being subsequently evaluated, to the drying of peeled cherry coffee, by the realization of two tests: one with heating of the air using vegetable coal and other combining the use of solar heater with vegetable coal. Basing on the results, it was possible to conclude that the drying of coffee in the mechanical drier Flex can be carried out using vegetable coal as fuel as well as associating the use of the vegetable coal with the solar collector, to save energy. (author)

Evaluation of essential minerals in pumpkin seeds by EDXRF; Avaliacao de minerais essenciais em sementes de abobora moranga por EDXRF

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boaro, Flavia Araujo; Zacari, Cristiane Z. [Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Scapin, Marcos A.; Aquino, Reginaldo R. [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP), Sao Paulo, SP(Brazil)

2013-07-01

Pumpkin seeds, marketed in the Municipal Market of Sao Paulo, Brazil, were analyzed using the Energy Dispersive of X-ray Fluorescence technique (EDXRF) seeking to evaluate the content of the main essential minerals present in these seeds, and their contribution to human nutrition.

Evaluation for turbine implementation for a micro hydroelectric power plant; Avaliacao para implantacao de uma turbina para uma microcentral hidreletrica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alves, Gilberto Manoel; Halmeman, Maria Cristina Rodrigues; Oliveira, Franciene Gois [Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP (Brazil). Programa de Pos-graduacao em Energia na Agricultura; Seraphim, Odivaldo Jose [Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP (Brazil). Dep. de Engenharia Rural

2008-07-01

In this work it was analyzed the viability technical and economical of turbines to micro hydroelectric headquarters as an alternative to consumers not served by electric energy in isolated areas. It was used a experimental methods to create an estimative and a evaluation of the hydroelectric potential, through hydrological criteria in the area and, thus, be able to note if there is viability for its use. Some kinds of turbines made by the national industry were verified, analyzing the technical and economical characteristics and in function of the hydro energetic-conditions of the area. The results shoed that a micro-headquarters serves the necessities and expectations of the owner at the electric energy supply. It was noted that the expenses are smaller comparing to the other expenses know in the literature, from national factories. Even though the limiting factor is the distance from the production to the consumer, the potency of 18.4 kw was enough to satisfy the local necessities. The installation of de micro headquarters will bring enhances and facilities by the fact that it represents a big social importance for the area. (author)

Evaluation of radioiodinetherapy protocol for patients with Plummer disease; Avaliacao do protocolo da radioiodoterapia para pacientes com doenca de Plummer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mendonca, Keyla Mary Cavalheiro; Antonio Filho, Joao; Brandao, Simone Cristina Soares, E-mail: keylamcm@yahoo.com.br, E-mail: jaf@ufpe.br, E-mail: simonecordis@yahoo.com.br [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil); Santos, Marcus Aurelio P. dos, E-mail: masantos@cnen.gov.br [Centro Regional de Ciencias Nucleares do Nordeste (CRCN-NE/CNEN-PE), Recife, PE (Brazil)

2014-07-01

The disease Plummer (DP) is generated by the thyroid cells that function autonomously, independent the rest of the organ parenchyma. The DP presents a prevalence of 1% to 9%, higher in regions with iodine deficiency, affecting six women for every man. The study was conducted at the Department of Nuclear Medicine of Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) from {sup 99m}Tc data capture and mass existing in the thyroid records of 54 patients with PD who underwent radioiodine therapy with fixed activities 1110 megabecquerels (MBq) from 2004 to 2008. For capitation of {sup 99m}Tc from a group of 22 patients were used 5 ml syringes, measured by a Capintec CRC-7 model activimeter, having scintigraphy after 20 minutes and results in a region of interest. Mass evaluation was based on method of palpation of the thyroid, considering the mass standard. It is observed that 68.2% of patients received more activity than needed, 31.8% were less active, and none received activity in accordance with your needs. There was a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) between the fixed activities and activities computed for all patients, according to Chi-square test for independence with 21 degrees of freedom. The cure rate of a group of 32 patients was 75% after one year of follow-up. It is suggested that the RIT is preceded by an assessment of the maximum percentage of uptake and thyroid mass.

Computational tool for postoperative evaluation of cochlear implant patients; Ferramenta computacional para avaliacao pos-operatoria de pacientes com implante coclear

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Giacomini, Guilherme; Pavan, Ana Luiza M.; Pina, Diana R. de [Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (IBB/UNESP), Botucatu, SP (Brazil). Instituto de Biociencias; Altemani, Joao M.C.; Castilho, Arthur M. [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (HC/UNICAMP), Campinas, SP (Brazil). Hospital de Clinicas

2016-07-01

The aim of this study was to develop a tool to calculate the insertion depth angle of cochlear implants, from computed tomography exams. The tool uses different image processing techniques, such as thresholding and active contour. Then, we compared the average insertion depth angle of three different implant manufacturers. The developed tool can be used, in the future, to compare the insertion depth angle of the cochlear implant with postoperative response of patient's hearing. (author)

Evaluation of the numerical solution of polymer flooding; Avaliacao da solucao numerica da injecao de polimeros em reservatorios de petroleo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Teixeira, Vinicius Ligiero; Pires, Adolfo Puime; Bedrikovetsky, Pavel G. [Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Macae, RJ (Brazil). Lab. de Engenharia e Exploracao do Petroleo (LENEP)

2004-07-01

Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) methods include injection of different fluids into reservoirs to improve oil displacement. The EOR methods may be classified into the following kinds: injection of chemical solutions, injection of solvents and thermal methods. The chemical fluids most commonly injected are polymers, surfactants, micellar solutions, etc. Displacement of oil by any of these fluids involves complex physico-chemical processes of interphase mass transfer, phase transitions and transport properties changes. These processes can be divided into two main categories: thermodynamical and hydrodynamical ones. They occur simultaneously during the displacement, and are coupled in the modern mathematical models of EOR. The model for one-dimensional displacement of oil by polymer solutions is analyzed in this paper. The Courant number is fixed, and we compare the results of different runs of a numerical simulator with the analytical solution of this problem. Each run corresponds to a different spatial discretization. (author)

Laboratory evaluation of hot metal de siliconizing process in ladle; Avaliacao laboratorial do processo de dessiliciacao do gusa na panela

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Passos, Sergio R.M.; Furtado, Henrique S.; Bentes, Miguel A.G.; Almeida, Pedro S. de [Companhia Siderurgica Nacional, Volta Redonda, RJ (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas

1996-12-31

The attractiveness of hot metal de siliconizing in ladle, relative to the process in blast furnace runner, is the previous knowledge of silicon content of hot metal, without the constraints of slag removing by skimmer met in torpedo car, and the better efficiency in low range silicon content, making easier the process controllability. Meanwhile, the main question about this technology is the extent of the resulfurization of hot metal that may occur due to process be performed after the desulfurization. This work simulates de de siliconizing process in ladle by experiments in induction furnace to compare the efficiencies of various de siliconizing agents available at CSN iron and steel making plant, and to evaluate the resulfurization intensity able to occur during the process, as well as, unexpected increasing of refractory wear. (author) 4 refs., 8 figs., 6 tabs.

Evaluation of conformal radiotherapy techniques through physics and biologic criteria; Avaliacao de tecnicas radioterapicas conformacionais utilizando criterios fisicos e biologicos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bloch, Jonatas Carrero

2012-07-01

In the fight against cancer, different irradiation techniques have been developed based on technological advances and aiming to optimize the elimination of tumor cells with the lowest damage to healthy tissues. The radiotherapy planning goal is to establish irradiation technical parameters in order to achieve the prescribed dose distribution over the treatment volumes. While dose prescription is based on radiosensitivity of the irradiated tissues, the physical calculations on treatment planning take into account dosimetric parameters related to the radiation beam and the physical characteristics of the irradiated tissues. To incorporate tissue's radiosensitivity into radiotherapy planning calculations can help particularize treatments and establish criteria to compare and elect radiation techniques, contributing to the tumor control and the success of the treatment. Accordingly, biological models of cellular response to radiation have to be well established. This work aimed to study the applicability of using biological models in radiotherapy planning calculations to aid evaluating radiotherapy techniques. Tumor control probability (TCP) was studied for two formulations of the linear-quadratic model, with and without repopulation, as a function of planning parameters, as dose per fraction, and of radiobiological parameters, as the α/β ratio. Besides, the usage of biological criteria to compare radiotherapy techniques was tested using a prostate planning simulated with Monte Carlo code PENELOPE. Afterwards, prostate planning for five patients from the Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto, USP, using three different techniques were compared using the tumor control probability. In that order, dose matrices from the XiO treatment planning system were converted to TCP distributions and TCP-volume histograms. The studies performed allow the conclusions that radiobiological parameters can significantly influence tumor control calculations and that the TCP-volume histograms can provide important information for treatment techniques evaluation. However, the establishment of quantitative comparison parameters using radiobiological criteria demands the establishment of prescription protocols based on these same parameters. Also, the literature recently showed large variations in radiobiological parameters, meaning that the inclusion of those in treatment planning calculations should require a careful endeavor. (author)

Gas geochemistry: a new technology to evaluate petroleum systems; Geoquimica de gases: uma nova tecnologia em avaliacao de sistemas petroliferos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santos Neto, Eugenio Vaz dos [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas. Gerencia de Geoquimica]. E-mail: eugenioneto@petrobras.com.br

2004-11-01

In the last decade hydrocarbon gas geochemistry has significantly evolved especially regarding to the widespread use of GC-C-IRMS (Gas chromatography-combustion-ion ratio monitoring system) techniques that allowed accurate measurements of {delta}{sup 13} C in the C{sub 1}-C{sub 4} fraction. Also, due to the improvement of the sampling procedures, sample collection - relatively small amounts of gas samples at low pressure - has become easier, sample transportation has become safer - the risk of accidents has been reduced - and analysis has become faster. The 'state-of-the-art' of the use of gas geochemistry to study processes within petroleum systems is discussed in this paper. The discussion is mainly focused on the identification of the hydrocarbon gas origin (biogenesis versus thermo genesis, mixing) and hydrocarbon gas generation (primary versus secondary cracking), including the inference of the relative thermal evolution and possible secondary alterations caused by biodegradation, secondary migration and eventually leakage from petroleum accumulations. Brief comments were also made about the new technologies involving noble gases and their potential use as tracers of processes in petroleum systems. Additionally, the origin of non-hydrocarbon gases in petroleum accumulations is succinctly discussed, as well as their possible economic impacts. The use of gas geochemistry techniques has brought a significant improvement in the understanding of petroleum systems under exploration in Brazil and in other parts of the world. Besides, on-going research projects suggest that there is a great potential for technological advances, e.g., adding the hydrogen isotopic composition of hydrocarbons to the interpretations, and also integrating the available results to the isotopic variations of noble gases. (author)

Assessment of overvoltage levels induced in rural distribution lines; Avaliacao dos niveis de sobretensoes induzidas em linhas de distribuicao rurais

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thomazella, Rogerio; Souza, Andre Nunes de; Silva, Ivan Nunes da [Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Bauru, SP (Brazil); Dotto, Fabio R.L. [Universidade Paulista (UNIP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Haga, Amaury; Biazon, Rodolfo B. [Companhia Luz e Forca Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo, SP (Brazil)

2004-07-01

This work presents a reliable computational tool to assess and to estimate the levels of induced voltage in rural lines. In this context, the traditional tools are used, such as ATP (Alternative Transients Program), that combined with a developed software, allows to quantify and to evaluate the level of overvoltage in the rural lines. (author)

Evaluation of Trichogramma spp. for the control of Trichoplusia ni;Avaliacao de Trichogramma spp. para o controle de Trichoplusia ni

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Milanez, Andre Malacarne, E-mail: andremalak@hotmail.co [Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Agronomia e Entomologia; Pratissoli, Dirceu; Polanczyk, Ricardo Antonio; Tufik, Camila Borges Antonio, E-mail: pratissoli@cca.ufes.b, E-mail: ricardo@cca.ufes.b, E-mail: camila_btufik@hotmail.co [Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo (UFES), Alegre, ES (Brazil). Dept. de Producao Vegetal; Bueno, Adeney de Freitas, E-mail: adeney@pq.cnpq.b [EMBRAPA Soja, Londrina, PR (Brazil)

2009-10-15

The objective of this study was to evaluate the biological characteristics of the parasitoids Trichogramma acacioi, T. atopovirilia, T. marandobai, T. demoraesi, T. exiguum (two lines), and T. pretiosum (six lines), reared on eggs of Trichoplusia ni. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, with 15 replicates. The biological characteristics evaluated were: parasitism, viability, sexual ratio and number of individuals per egg. The parasitism percentage varied between 7.66 and 53%, with highest value observed for Trichogramma pretiosum Tspd line, and the lowest for the T. pretiosum Trecife line. There was no significant difference for the viability, which remained higher than 85%. The sex ratio varied from 0.75 to 1, and Tspd line showed the lowest value. The number of individuals per egg varied between 2.39 for T. marandobai (Tm1 line) and 1.34 for T. exiguum (Te1 line). T. pretiosum (Tspd line) was the species with the best performance in laboratory with the highest values observed in parasitism and in viability. (author)

Assessment in dogs tympanic bulla, through virtual tomographic endoscopy; Avaliacao de bulas timpanicas em caes, por meio da endoscopia tomografica virtual

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, Luciana Carandina da; Sabino, Emanuelle Guidugli, E-mail: lucianacarandina@uol.com.br [Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria. Dept. de Reproducao Animal e Radiologia Veterinaria; Vulcano, Luiz Carlos; Machado, Vania Maria de Vasconcelos [Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria

2012-07-01

Dogs usually have problems related to the auditory canal. For the diagnosis of these pathologies, it is necessary a physical examination and, in some cases radiographic examination and computed tomography. The tympanic bulla is not easily visualized radiographically, since there is many structures of the brain overlaying the image obtained. The computed tomography has been the technique of choice to assess this structure faithfully. A new alternative assessment of the tympanic bulla is tomographic virtual endoscopy, which allows an improvement of the image obtained through the virtual tomographic technique. This paper provides information on the use of computed tomography, and a new technique, tomographic virtual endoscopy, in order to make the improvement of these techniques, and prove the reliability of these changes in the diagnosis of ear canals of dogs. Therefore, we performed the computed tomography of the tympanic bulla on healthy animals, and later performed image reconstruction in three-dimensional (3D) mode for virtual endoscopy. (author)

Evaluation of environmental impacts in the mining of solid fossil fuels; Avaliacao de impactos ambientais na mineracao de combustiveis fosseis solidos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferreira, Gilda Carneiro

1989-07-01

This study evaluates the environmental problems caused by the mining works of coal, peat and oil schists; also it evaluates the kind of treatment used by the mining companies against water, air and ground pollution, as well as the necessary control according to the mine activities and the affected environment. the studied areas are situated at brasilian states of Santa Catarina (Criciuma, Urussanga and Sideropolis), Rio Grande do Sul (Charqueada, Bage, Cachoeira do Sul, Butia and Arroio dos Ratos), Parana (Figueira and Sao Mateus do Sul), and Sao Paulo (Iguape and Sao Jose dos Campos). This study was done through a direct inquiry, by sending questionnaire to fifteen coal mining companies, three of peat ones and one of oil schists one. besides it was done a compilation of federal and state laws concerning to the environment and on the rights and duties of the mining companies. The information brought up in this way were compiled into a data bank, which allowed and sample surveys of environmental condition in the different industries and further it enabled a comparison between the real facts and the bibliography suggestions about adequate monitoring of the air, waters and ground, during mining activities. this analysis showed that the environment problems, created by the three former kind of mining works, are under control through projects of environment restoring and monitoring in phase of implantation and that these projects are restricted to that less expensive and easier to construct (holding back in pools or reservoirs, pouring in pits and aspersion). It was not notices a significant monitoring of parameters considered to be critical to the environment (metals, cyanides, sulphide and general bacteria). Almost all the companies have not yet exact data about the efficiency of each kind of environmental treatment because it is new ones and are just in follow-up and consequently they have not yet parameters to change the adequate the steps of the treatment, because of lack of information. Any way it is not a justification to the present condition of environment control of these companies, just because its of their responsibility the consequences of their producing activities. (author)

Evaluation of technological alternative for low emission gasoline in PETROBRAS; Avaliacao de alternativas tecnologicas para gasolina de baixa emissao na PETROPBRAS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gilbert, William Richard [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas (CENPES). Gerencia de Tecnologia de Catalisadores de FCC - TFCC

2004-07-01

More than 30% of the total NO and CO emitted to the atmosphere and up to 20% of the CO{sub 2} are produced by automobiles. New smart fuel injection systems and the three-way catalytic converter in the automobile tail pipes have dramatically reduced NO and CO emissions, but have also required a profound change in gasoline specifications, particularly in the case of sulfur content. In Brazil, the refining of Campos basin heavy crude oils with a high concentration of nitrogen and the gasoline production strongly dependent of the FCC process, have introduced additional challenges. In this work, classic solutions such as FCC feed hydrotreatment, cracked naphta post-treatment, and the use of FCC gasoline sulfur reduction catalyst additives applied to the PETROBRAS scenario will be discussed. Changes to the FCC process to produce future fuels with lower aromaticity and lower emissions in new HCCI motors, which have hybrid characteristics between Diesel and Otto power-trains will also be discussed. (author)

Evaluation of drilling fluids flow regime in annular sections; Avaliacao do regime de escoamento de fluidos de perfuracao em secoes anulares

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, Maria das Gracas Pena [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas. Setor de Tecnologia de Perfuracao

1990-12-31

The determination of the transition zone between the laminar and turbulent flow regimes of particular importance in optimizing the hydraulics of drilling operations. The principal advantage which laminar flow in the annular space has in drilling operations in the avoidance of wall enlargement (wash-outs), maintaining formation integrity as much as possible. On the other hand, a lower-energy regime such as laminar flow does not provide the same cuttings-carrying capacity as that obtained when the drilling fluid is in turbulent flow. However, to be able to optimize the hydraulics it is necessary to have determined, among other parameters, the transition zone, in order to maximize the drilling rate while obtaining the hole clear of cuttings and maintaining the hole diameter constant over the whole of the section drilled. This paper presents, based on experimental results obtained on the SHS physical simulator, the transition zone expressed through the critical Reynolds numbers and those for low stable turbulence of various drilling fluids tested over the temperature range of 25-80 deg C. (author) 20 refs., 7 figs., 4 tabs.

Evaluation of absorbed radiation dose in mammography using Monte Carlo simulation; Avaliacao da dose absorvida em mamografia usando simulacao Monte Carlo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rodrigues, Bruno L.; Tomal, Alessandra [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP (Brazil). Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin

2016-07-01

Mammography is the main tool for breast cancer diagnosis, and it is based on the use of X-rays to obtain images. However, the glandular tissue present within the breast is highly sensitive to ionizing radiation, and therefore requires strict quality control in order to minimize the absorbed dose. The quantification of the absorbed dose in the breast tissue can be done by using Monte Carlo simulation, which allows a detailed study of the deposition of energy in different regions of the breast. Besides, the results obtained from the simulation can be associated with experimental data and provide values of dose interest, such as the dose deposited in glandular tissue. (author)

Quality evaluation of Argentina onion irradiated, transported and stored; Avaliacao da qualidade da cebola argentina irradiada, transportada e armazenada no Brasil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Walder, J M.M.; Domarco, R E; Spoto, M H.F.; Blumer, L [Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA), Piracicaba, SP (Brazil); Curzio, O A; Croci, C A [Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahia Blanca (Argentina). Lab. de Radioisotopos

1996-12-31

Onion bulbs of the Valenciana Sintetica 14 variety from Argentina were irradiated with a dose of 60 Gy gamma rays at 30-40 days after harvest. Treated and control lots (40 bags of 20 Kg each) were send by road to Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, and stored up to 180 days in a warehouse at 20-28{sup 0} C and relative humidity ranging from 50 to 100%. Monthly quality control was done by physical and sensorial analysis. Radiation treatment reduced the weight loss of the bulbs and increased the percentage of marketable bulbs without affecting its sensorial properties. (author). 4 refs, 8 tabs.

Evaluation of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) processed by radiation; Avaliacao do palmito pupunha (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) processado por radiacao ionizante

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, Priscila Vieira da

2009-07-01

The peach palm can be obtained from several species of palms, but the peach palm has attracted great interest by producers, as has characteristics of precocity, rusticity and tillering, producing a palm-quality differentiating it from other palmettos for their sweet flavor and yellowish . The food irradiation has been used as a treatment to ensure microbiological food safety of products to avoid infection. Its use combined with minimal processing could increase the safety and quality of minimally processed vegetables. We aimed at evaluating the effect of gamma radiation and electron beams to control bacteria; assess the physical characteristics through analysis of color and texture in peach palm in natura minimally processed and subjected to ionizing radiation stored at 8 deg C as well as evaluating the sensory characteristics. The results in the microbiological analysis showed that ionizing radiation promotes reduction of microbial load in both treatments. In the analysis of color we can conclude that among all the treatments the sample irradiated with 1.5 kGy showed more differences when compared with the other samples. Observing texture characteristics we could conclude that irradiation changed the texture of the palm, unlike the treatment by electron beams that showed no difference between samples. For the sensory analysis, the gamma radiation with dose of 1.5 kGy, induced changes in sensory properties to the attributes and overall appearance. The dose of 1 kGy caused no significant difference, so a recommended dose for the irradiation of the studied product. (author)

Evaluation of X ray attenuation by means of radiographic images; Avaliacao da atenuacao da radiacao X por meio de imagens radiograficas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barros, Frieda Saicla, E-mail: saicla@utfpr.edu.b [Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana (UTFPR), Curitiba, PR (Brazil); Paredes, Ramon S.C., E-mail: ramon@ufpr.b [Universidade Federal do Parana (UFPR), Curitiba, PR (Brazil); Godoi, Walmor C., E-mail: walmor.godoi@gmail.co [Faculdade de Tecnologia Camoes (FATEC), Curitiba, PR (Brazil); Souza, Gabriel Pinto de [Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), SP (Brazil)

2011-07-01

This paper's main goal is to adopt a qualitative methodology to evaluate the attenuation of x-radiation through X-ray images in polymeric materials plus residual lead. To determinate the images it was initially used an experimental setup at the Laboratory for Materials Diagnostics LACTEC. These results correspond to a more qualitative analysis, even with quantitative answers. Through analysis of radiographic images we can measure the intensity of radiation that goes through the plate, making possible to establish a relationship between the attenuation coefficient and the thickness of the material. (author)

Experimental dosimetric evaluation of inhomogeneity effects caused by thoracic vertebrae; Avaliacao dosimetrica experimental de efeitos de inomogeneidade causados por vertebras toracicas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Castro, Andre L.S.; Thompson, Larissa; Campos, Tarcisio P.R., E-mail: radioterapia.andre@gmail.com [Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil). Departamento de Engenharia Nuclear; Instituto de Radioterapia Sao Francisco, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Centro de Tratamento em Radioterapia, Betim, MG (Brazil)

2017-11-01

The presence of tissue inhomogeneities alters the absorbed dose distribution, which magnitude depends on the physical properties of these tissues and the quality of the radiation. Incorrect assessment of dose distribution may affect local tumor control or increase the normal tissue complication probabilities. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the thoracic vertebrae inhomogeneous effects on the dose absorbed by the surrounding soft tissue. The values predicted by the treatment planning system (TPS) were compared to the experimental measurements with EBT-2 radiochromic films positioned on a simulator consisting of only water and inserted axially into a thoracic phantom made of synthetic bone and water. There was a significant change in the dose distribution pattern, increased absorbed dose at the bone-soft tissue interface and high point doses adjacent to the bone compared to the results obtained for the films in homogeneous medium and TPS. The experimental measurements in the water agreed with the TPS within 1.0% with respect to the modal dose whereas the biggest difference found for the medium containing the vertebrae was of 4.6%, however, both values are within the experimental uncertainty. (author)

Evaluation of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) processed by radiation;Avaliacao do palmito pupunha (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) processado por radiacao ionizante

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, Priscila Vieira da

2009-07-01

The peach palm can be obtained from several species of palms, but the peach palm has attracted great interest by producers, as has characteristics of precocity, rusticity and tillering, producing a palm-quality differentiating it from other palmettos for their sweet flavor and yellowish . The food irradiation has been used as a treatment to ensure microbiological food safety of products to avoid infection. Its use combined with minimal processing could increase the safety and quality of minimally processed vegetables. We aimed at evaluating the effect of gamma radiation and electron beams to control bacteria; assess the physical characteristics through analysis of color and texture in peach palm in natura minimally processed and subjected to ionizing radiation stored at 8 deg C as well as evaluating the sensory characteristics. The results in the microbiological analysis showed that ionizing radiation promotes reduction of microbial load in both treatments. In the analysis of color we can conclude that among all the treatments the sample irradiated with 1.5 kGy showed more differences when compared with the other samples. Observing texture characteristics we could conclude that irradiation changed the texture of the palm, unlike the treatment by electron beams that showed no difference between samples. For the sensory analysis, the gamma radiation with dose of 1.5 kGy, induced changes in sensory properties to the attributes and overall appearance. The dose of 1 kGy caused no significant difference, so a recommended dose for the irradiation of the studied product. (author)

Economic evaluation of organic deposition inhibition treatment: case study; Avaliacao economica de tratamentos de inibicao de deposicao organica: estudo de casos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lechuga, Fernanda Curty; Seidl, Peter Rudolf; Guimaraes, Maria Jose de Oliveira [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ (Brazil). Escola de Quimica; Lucas, Elizabete Fernandes [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ (Brazil). Inst. de Macromoleculas

2008-07-01

During the production process the temperature and pressure decrease along the well, that generate an increase in viscosity, changes in the composition of the oil and chemical changes in the balance of oil. These changes in the balance may lead to precipitation and deposition of organic components of heavy oil. These occurrences cause serious economic consequences. To solve problems related to organic deposition, it is proposed some actions to prevent the formation of these deposits. Chemical additives interfere in precipitation of paraffins and aggregation of asphaltenes, increasing stability. This paper aims to examine, in economic terms, treatments prevention in different wells by the mechanism of inhibition of organic deposition by the action of chemical additives. The methodology applied for the economic analysis was the return on investment (ROI - Return-on-investments) that could estimate when there was an economic gain in problems of organic deposition treated with chemical additives. The results showed that if these wells use prevention methods it could get a return of more than $ 100.00 per dollar invested in treatment, which would be beneficial, since these treatments increase the production of oil and reduce the idle time in wells. (author)

Evaluation of the optical quality of compound parabolic concentrator solar collectors; Avaliacao da qualidade otica de coletores solares concentradores parabolicos compostos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Beyer, P.O.; Krenzinger, A. [Rio Grande do Sul Univ., Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil). Programa de Pos-graduacao em Engenharia Mecanica

1990-12-31

This work presents a simulation of solar compound parabolic concentrators using the ray tracing technique. The program can be used as a computer aided design and quality control applications for parabolic mirrors. (author). 4 refs., 8 figs.

Stresses and residual stresses optical measurements systems evaluation; Avaliacao de sistemas opticos de medicao de tensoes e tensoes residuais em dutos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Peixoto Filho, Flavio Tito; Goncalves Junior, Armando Albertazzi [Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, SC (Brazil). Lab. de Metrologia e Automatizacao (LABMETRO)

2004-07-01

There is always a constant concern about the pipelines' integrity. An important control parameter is the level of total mechanical stresses acting over the pipeline. However, the loading and residual stresses acting on a pipeline are not measured in the field as much as necessary. Technical difficulties and the high cost of the nowadays techniques and the hostile measurement conditions are the main reason for that. An alternative method has been developed at the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) since 1992. A new optical measurement device is used to measure strains, mechanical stresses and residual stresses acting over the structure. A metrological and functional evaluation of this system is the main focus of this paper. (author)

Synthesis and evaluation of phytotoxic activity of {alpha}-Santonin derivatives; Sintese e avaliacao da atividade fitotoxica de derivados da {alpha}-Santonina

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alvarenga, Elson S.; Barbosa, Luiz C.A.; Saliba, William A.; Arantes, Francisco F.P.; Demuner, Antonio J. [Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), MG (Brazil). Dept. de Quimica]. E-mail: elson@ufv.br; Silva, Antonio A. [Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), MG (Brazil). Dept. de Fitotecnia

2009-07-01

Mixtures of {alpha}-Santonin and various solvents were irradiated by either high or low pressure mercury lamps. The photochemical reactions afforded lumisantonin (11) (76% in acetonitrile), (3 S,3a S,9{beta}S)-3,6,6-trimethyl-3,3a,4,5-tetrahydronafto[1,2-b]furan-2,7({eta}6,9{beta}{eta}) dione (12) (100% in acetonitrile), 10{alpha}-acetoxy-3-oxo-1,7{alpha}H{eta},6,11{alpha}a{eta}-guaia-4-en-6,12-oli= de (8) (26% in acetic acid), 10{alpha}-hydroxy-3-oxo-1,7{alpha}a{eta},6,11{alpha}{eta}-guaia-4-en-6,12-olid= e (10) (32%) and (E)-3-((3 S,3a S,7{alpha}S)-3-methyl-2-oxo-6-(propan-2-ylidene)hexahydrobenzofuran- 7 - (7{alpha}{eta})-ylidene)propanoic acid (9) (44%) (in water/ acetic acid 1:1, v/v). Lactone 12 was also prepared by irradiation of lumisantonin in diethyl ether. Lactones 8 and 10 were converted, respectively, into the 10 {alpha}-acetoxy-3{alpha}-hydroxy-1,7{alpha}H,6,11{alpha}H-guaia-4-en-6,12-olid= e (13) (87%) and 3a,10a-dihydroxy-1,7{alpha}H,6,11{alpha}H-guaia-4-en-6,12-olide (14) (75%) by sodium borohydride reduction. The effects of the compounds on the development of radicle of Sorghum bicolor and Cucumis sativus were evaluated. (author)

Method for evaluating natural gas demand scenarios (Demangas Project); Metodologia para avaliacao de cenarios de demanda pelo gas natural (Projeto Demangas)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lindau, Luis Antonio [Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil). Lab. de Sistemas de Transportes; Santos, Gilberto T. dos; Silva, Silvio C. da; Ribeiro, Jose Luis D.; Fogliatto, Flavio S. [Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil). Lab. de Otimizacao de Produtos e Processos

2004-07-01

This paper presents the methodology developed for the evaluation of the existing and potential market for natural gas in the industrial, automotive, residential and commercial sectors of Rio Grande do Sul. The methodology is based upon a marketing research framework and consists of the definition of the problem; application of qualitative, quantitative and stated-preference enquiries; review of the state-of-the-art and state-of-the-practice; and, also, interviews with specialists. The methodology is consolidated in four software that enable the simulation of different demand scenarios of natural gas up to the year 2010. The development of this methodology comprised the participation of more than 1,000 potential users of natural gas and allowed the state company in charge of distributing natural gas to: structure the problem of forecasting the consumption of natural gas within a new context of competition in the energy industry; help the formulation of the strategic plan of the company with regard to investment strategies and incrementing the number of clients; and propose marketing efforts to promote the adoption of natural gas as an alternative energy source. (author)

Synthesis optimization of calcium aluminate cement phases for biomedical applications; Avaliacao da sintese das fases de cimento de aluminato de calcio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Andrade, T.L.; Santos, G.L.; Oliveira, I.R. [Universidade do Vale do Paraiba (UNIVAP), Sao Jose dos Campos, SP (Brazil); Pandolfelli, V.C. [Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCar), SP (Brazil)

2011-07-01

Calcium aluminate cement (CAC) has been studied as a potential material for applications in the areas of health such as, endodontics and bone reconstruction. These studies have been based on commercial products consisting of a mixture of phases. Improvements can be attained by investigating the synthesis routes of CAC aiming the proper balance between the phases and the control of impurities that may impair its performance for biomedical applications. Thus, the aim of this work was to study the CAC synthesis routes in the Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-CaCO{sub 3} and Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-CaO systems, as well as the phase characterization attained by means of X ray analysis. The Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-CaO route enabled the production of the target phases (CA, CA{sub 2}, C{sub 3}A and C{sub 12}A{sub 7}) with a higher purity compared to the Al2O3-CaCO3 one. As a result the particular properties of these phases can be evaluated to define a more suitable composition that results in better properties for an endodontic cement and other applications. (author)

Evaluation of thermoplastic starch/MMT nanocomposites by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR); Avaliacao de nanocompositos de amido termoplastico e argila por RMN

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schlemmer, D.; Rodrigues, Tiago C.A.F.; Resck, I.S.; Sales, M.J.A., E-mail: danielas@unb.b [Universidade de Brasilia (LabPol/UnB), DF (Brazil). Inst. de Quimica. Lab. de Pesquisa em Polimeros

2010-07-01

Starch has been studied for replace petrochemical plastics for short shelf life. However, the starch films have limitations: sensitivity to moisture and poor mechanical strength. This can be improved by incorporating loads such as montmorillonite, forming nanocomposites. Nanocomposites were prepared with 1, 3, 5 and 10% of montmorillonite, using vegetable oils of Brazilian Cerrado as plasticizers. The NMR spectra of oils are similar, but the intensities of the signals varying with the proportion of fatty acids. The molar mass of the oils was also calculated by NMR. The spectrum of CP/MAS {sup 13}C NMR for starch presented a duplet in 97 and 98 ppm, on the amorphous domains of C-1, indicating a crystal type A. The spectra of the nanocomposites are similar to those of starch and oils. No new peaks appear, suggesting that there are no strong chemical bonds between components. (author)

Development of a pilot molecular distillation unit; Desenvolvimento de unidade de destilacao molecular nacional e aplicacao na avaliacao de petroleos extrapesados

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rocha, Erica Roberta Lovo da; Maciel, Maria Regina Wolf; Maciel Filho, Rubens; Batistella, Cesar Benedito [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), SP (Brazil); Medina, Lilian Carmem [PETROBRAS S.A., Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas (CENPES)

2008-07-01

Due to the importance and the need in studies with heavy and extra heavy petroleums and their residues, it was designed and built up by the oil research group of LOPCA/LDPS/FEQ/UNICAMP, in partnership with the Laboratory of Valuation Processes of CENPES / PETROBRAS, a pilot plant of falling film molecular distiller (national prototype), where some specific operational facilities were introduced. This project resulted in a suitable system for distillation of products of high molecular weight and thermally sensitive, without degradation of them. This work aims the achievement of distillate fractions of atmospheric residue 400 deg C+, using the new molecular distillation equipment. The experiments were carried out according to factorial design to assess the significant process variables in the molecular distillation prototype. The results showed that the evaporator temperature has high influence on the process and the feed flow rate has minimum influence, as it is desired. Additionally, the equipment showed easy handing operation, high operational stability and results varying around 1%. (author)

Bacteriological evaluation of fresh chicken sausage submitted to gamma radiation; Avaliacao bacteriologica da linguica de frango Frescal submetida a radiacao gama

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Borges, Alexandre

2002-07-01

Many developed countries have established a goal of self-sufficiency in food production, while many other obtain their principal foreign exchange through food exports. For these reasons, it is essential to eliminate losses in food products. It is no less important to prevent or combat food-transmitted diseases, principally across poultry and poultry derivatives, which play a major role in certain infections and is the focus of national public health goals in order to increase the international commerce. In tropical countries, perishable products represent the largest markets. The population lives in a constant battle against the deterioration of these foods. Such loss is enormous where the climate favors the proliferation of agents of decomposition and acceleration of putrification. Increasing the useful life of these perishable products will provide producers the option of commercializing them in low harvest season, thus achieving higher prices, and providing sensible growth to the agro-industrial market. Treatment of perishables with gamma radiation presently constitutes one of the most modern, safe, and efficient methods for increasing food preservation. The irradiation of foods can offer various special advantages such as: kill or sterilize pathogenic organisms in food, improving their quality and duration, reducing the level of toxics, slow or stop the aging of roots and tubers, disinfect products of animal and vegetable origin thus slowing their decomposition, increasing their shelf-life, and prolonging their conservation refrigeration. The practice of irradiating foods for the treatment of microorganisms has begun to gain momentum in Brazil, where roughly 25% of all food produced annually is lost to disease and insects activity, increased by lack of adequate storage treatments. Various countries have already adopted the method that, when practiced properly by qualified professionals, does not cause side effects other than the extension of useful life. In light of the lack of present data on the irradiation of fresh chicken sausage, the objective of this study is to evaluate determine the efficiency of this method as a process for reducing the microbial load via measurement of the bacteriology of the product before and after gamma radiation. 45 sample of chicken sausage(acquired directly from the poultry industry) were prepared divided in 3 treatments: the first is a control, the second and third using application of 1,5 and 3,0 kGy, respectively. The chicken sausages irradiated with a dose of 1,5 kGy did not have, statistically significant results apparent in the bacteriological measures. Samples irradiated with 3,0 kGy did experience statistically significant reductions. It is concluded that the irradiating the product with a dose of 3,0 kGy is more effective for the reduction of bacterial population, with the data in these trials indicating a 95,3% reduction in total coliforms, 100% removal of fecal coliforms, and 84,0% reduction of mesophiles, relative to the control samples. (author)

Rational analysis and index of plasticity of clays for extrusion evaluation; Analise racional e indices de plasticidade para avaliacao de extrusao

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, A.R.; Guimaraes Filho, M.A.S.; Santos, C.V.P.; Fagury Neto, E.; Rabelo, A.A., E-mail: adilton25rs@hotmail.com [Universidade Federal do Para (FEMAT/UFPA), Maraba, PA (Brazil). Laboratorio de Materiais Ceramicos

2011-07-01

In the microregion Maraba, in the southeast paraense, there's a important industrial park in the area of red ceramic due to the quality of the extracted clays in the proximities of their rivers. With the intention of collaborating for the production of tiles and structural blocks of quality, in this work the rational analysis of clays was accomplished, through the relationship of the qualitative X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence results. Was possible to quantify the present phases in the collected clays and these results were correlated to the Atterberg's limits - plasticity and liquidity limitsand the respective plasticity indexes - making possible to classify the clays in areas of great and acceptable extrusion. The results of the rational analysis demonstrated that the analyzed clays are plastic kaolinites and don't present quantitative differences very accentuated among the present phases detected besides they possess an area of acceptable extrusion naturally. (author)

Engaging indigenous and academic knowledge on bees in the Amazon: implications for environmental management and transdisciplinary research.

Science.gov (United States)

Athayde, Simone; Stepp, John Richard; Ballester, Wemerson C

2016-06-20

This paper contributes to the development of theoretical and methodological approaches that aim to engage indigenous, technical and academic knowledge for environmental management. We present an exploratory analysis of a transdisciplinary project carried out to identify and contrast indigenous and academic perspectives on the relationship between the Africanized honey bee and stingless bee species in the Brazilian Amazon. The project was developed by practitioners and researchers of the Instituto Socioambiental (ISA, a Brazilian NGO), responding to a concern raised by a funding agency, regarding the potential impact of apiculture development by indigenous peoples, on the diversity of stingless bee species in the Xingu Park, southern Brazilian Amazon. Research and educational activities were carried out among four indigenous peoples: Kawaiwete or Kaiabi, Yudja or Juruna, Kīsêdjê or Suyá and Ikpeng or Txicão. A constructivist qualitative approach was developed, which included academic literature review, conduction of semi-structured interviews with elders and leaders, community focus groups, field walks and workshops in schools in four villages. Semi-structured interviews and on-line surveys were carried out among academic experts and practitioners. We found that in both indigenous and scientific perspectives, diversity is a key aspect in keeping exotic and native species in balance and thus avoiding heightened competition and extinction. The Africanized honey bee was compared to the non-indigenous westerners who colonized the Americas, with whom indigenous peoples had to learn to coexist. We identify challenges and opportunities for engagement of indigenous and scientific knowledge for research and management of bee species in the Amazon. A combination of small-scale apiculture and meliponiculture is viewed as an approach that might help to maintain biological and cultural diversity in Amazonian landscapes. The articulation of knowledge from non

Representaciones sociales, contaminación ambiental y barrios periféricos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sandra Valeria Ursino

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Desde sus orígenes, las ciudades se encuentran atravesadas por problemáticas vinculadas a lo económico, político, social y cultural. En este trabajo se enfatizará en la dimensión socioambiental de las ciudades, considerando a la misma como una característica del entorno que se articula sustancialmente con la vida diaria de los habitantes, sobre todo con los que residen en barrios precarios linderos a grandes conglomerados urbanos como es el caso del barrio Danubio, Porst y Villa Inflamable de la localidad de Dock Sud.En esta línea, el objetivo principal consistió en conocer y analizar las representaciones sociales de la contaminación ambiental y las prácticas espaciales que construyen los habitantes de estos barrios periféricos de Dock Sud.Para ello, se utilizó una metodología cualitativa que implicó principalmente la realización de observación directa, entrevistas en profundidad y semi-estructuradas a los habitantes de los barrios. Dichas herramientas permitieron arribar a los siguientes resultados: en primera instancia se observó, a través del análisis de las representaciones que sobre Dock Sud tienen sus habitantes, débiles puentes de continuidad entre lo que se presenta a la vista, lo que realmente perciben de su entorno, y las prácticas espaciales que realizan en el mismo. En segundo lugar, los cambios que en la fisonomía tuvo Dock Sud, complejizó el campo de las representaciones sociales de sus habitantes, en las cuales aparecen elementos simbólicos de apego al lugar vinculados a la inmigración europea, a las dinámicas de trabajo industrial del momento, y al aprovechamiento de los espacios verdes y colectivos que permitían el uso y la cercanía de los habitantes al rio y la costa.Finalmente, se pudo apreciar que el crecimiento que tuvo el polo petroquímico y el puerto han modificado la infraestructura urbano-espacial de Dock Sud construyendo barrios “encapsulados” por la dinámica territorial que imponen

BIOTECNOLOGIA, DESENVOLVIMENTO E INOVAÇÃO: REFLEXÕES ACERCA DA PROPRIEDADE INTELECTUAL, LEI DE CULTIVARES E DA LICENÇA COMPULSÓRIA NO ÂMBITO DA BIOTECNOLOGIA

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Fabiane Oliveira

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Considera-se o contexto dos processos de inovação e desenvolvimento no mundo moderno, a preocupação socioambiental e a tecnologia desenvolvida em função da agroindústria. Destaca-se a crescente importância conferida à biotecnologia na sociedade contemporânea. Reflete-se criticamente o estudo da propriedade intelectual no âmbito da biotecnologia em face do Estado e da inovação e do desenvolvimento. Busca-se, primeiramente, apresentar definição, origem e aspecto relevante da biotecnologia, a fim de tornar a sapiência desta ciência mais pragmática. Posto isso, elucida-se sobre a área de abrangência da proteção da propriedade intelectual nesse ramo da ciência. Nesse viés, ocupa-se também de demonstrar a Lei de Propriedade Intelectual mediante a problemática das patentes no setor biotecnológico. Observa-se, a seguir, o estudo da Lei de Cultivares em função da utilização do mecanismo de prospecção de patentes. Demonstra-se os aspectos importantes e o impacto da Lei de Cultivares no âmbito da propriedade intelectual. Exemplifica-se as cultivares protegidas. Apresenta-se a problemática da licença compulsória no âmbito da propriedade intelectual no ramo da biotecnologia. Objetiva-se demonstrar a situação desse ramo da ciência sob o prisma da propriedade intelectual, do fortalecimento e da padronização desses direitos. Expõe-se, por último, a importância da proteção dessa ciência para o desenvolvimento e para a inovação no país. Para isso, recorta-se a analise atual da Biotecnologia e da Propriedade Intelectual no Brasil sob o enfoque da legislação especifica e da hipótese da licença compulsória. Utiliza-se de pesquisa bibliográfica na área de biotecnologia, economia e direito, sob o enfoque da propriedade intelectual, inovação e do desenvolvimento.

A Apa da Baleia Franca e o Turismo de Observação de Baleias Embarcado (Tobe: Sustentabilidade ou Exploração Animal?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernanda Luiza Fontoura de Medeiros

2015-12-01

Full Text Available O Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação, regulado pela Lei 9985/2000, estabelece duas grandes categorias de Unidades de Conservação: as unidades de conservação de proteção integral e as unidades de conservação de uso sustentável. Entre as unidades de conservação de uso sustentável, as áreas de proteção ambiental caracterizam-se por serem áreas extensas, instituídas para a preservação dos processos naturais e da biodiversidade, bem como para regular as atividades humanas às características ambientais da área. Assim, no sul do estado de Santa Catarina foi instituída a Área de Proteção Ambiental da Baleia Franca (APABF, com o objetivo principal de proteger nas aguas brasileiras a baleia franca austral. Recentemente, a APABF esta sendo palco de um intenso conflito socioambiental em razão da Ação Civil Pública (ACP interposta pelo Instituto Sea Shepherd Brasil em face do Instituto Chico Mendes da Biodiversidade (ICMBIO, pedindo a condenação do ICMBIO a adotar de forma permanente, as medidas necessárias e eficazes para a proteção das baleias-francas, mediante a fiscalização das empresas que praticam a observação das baleias com uso de embarcações, com ou sem motor, a fim de impedir a violação da legislação. Este artigo consiste em um estudo de caso e visa contribuir para o conhecimento do caso do turismo de observação de baleias embarcado na APABF, através da analise da legislação aplicada, como dos atores envolvidos na controvérsia judicial e o seu reflexo para os direitos animais. A pesquisa é feita através da analise documental da legislação que caracteriza as unidades de conservação, da legislação especifica de proteção aos cetáceos, bem como dos argumentos utilizados pelas partes envolvidas na ACP.

Pescadoras: subordinação de gênero e empoderamento Fisherwomen: gender subordination and empowerment

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Cristina Maneschy

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Cresce o número de estudos abordando o setor pesqueiro sob uma perspectiva de gênero, indicando que esse é fundamental para se entender como mulheres e homens participam da pesca e vivenciam os riscos ligados às recentes mudanças do setor. Contudo, políticas setoriais ainda têm dificuldade em incorporar a dimensão de gênero. Este texto evidencia dois argumentos principais. Primeiro, o silêncio sobre a questão feminina articula-se à situação de vulnerabilidade, característica de grande parte das comunidades pesqueiras, em países no "norte" e no "sul". Segundo, movimentos de mulheres pescadoras têm contribuído para questionar o status quo e inscrevê-las em políticas de empoderamento, sobretudo no que toca a espaços e direitos sociais. Ao mesmo tempo, esses movimentos buscam recuperar a capacidade que sistemas locais comunitários de gestão de recursos naturais têm demonstrado de adaptação à complexidade socioambiental e de respeito ao protagonismo feminino. O processo de empoderamento não é linear, mas complexo e marcado por contradições.Since the last decade, studies on the fishing sector from a gender perspective have been growing, perceiving the ways gender constructions influence on how women and men work and face the risks linked to the recent changes that have been affecting the fishing activity. However, the related policies remain gender blind. This article discusses two main arguments. First, the silence about the women roles and places in fishing correlates to the vulnerability of many coastal communities in northern and southern countries. Second, fisherwomen movements have contributed to disrupt the status quo and to provide them access to empowerment policies, notably in relation to spaces and social rights. At the same time, their social movements aim to foster the local communities' capacities to manage their common resources, to adapt to social and environmental complexities and to promote gender

Memórias sociais de juventude entre quilombolas do norte do Espírito Santo Youth social memories among quilombolas from the north of Espírito Santo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renata Valentim

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Buscando um conjunto etário que tivesse vivido sua juventude entre as populações remanescentes de quilombos do norte do Estado do Espírito Santo e ainda na presença da Mata Atlântica, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal identificar as memórias sociais de juventude nessas comunidades, relacionando as representações desse passado compartilhado às mudanças ambientais e sociais que recentemente impactaram a sua região. Foram entrevistadas 11 pessoas, homens e mulheres, com idade entre 40 e 61 anos. Os dados, trabalhados através da técnica de análise de conteúdo, demonstraram um hiato na relação dos participantes com as gerações mais novas que não havia sido experimentado com relação aos seus ascendentes; bem como as implicações dessa transformação socioambiental que, ao atuar em estruturas arcaicas de constituição territorial e temporal das comunidades, funcionou como agente primordial tanto do distanciamento entre as gerações quanto da seleção das formas mnêmicas mais relevantes.Searching for an age group who lived their youth among populations remnant of former runaway slave communities in the northern Espírito Santo State (Brazil and also at the Atlantic Rainforest, this research had the main objective of identifying the social memories of younger days in these communities, relating the representations of this past and the environmental and social changes that recently impacted their region. Eleven men and women were interviewed, with ages varying from 40 to 61 years. The data, processed by content analysis technique, demonstrated a hiatus at the relation of the participants with younger generations which had not been experienced with respect to their ascendants; as well as the implications of this social-environmental transformation that, while acting on the communities archaic structures of territorial and temporal constitution, worked as a prime agent both in the distancing between generations, and on

Estado Socio-Ambiental de Derecho y o Constitucionalismo Garantista. Lo Principio in Dubio pro Natura Como Mecanismo Del Control do Activismo Judicial Contrario a la Tutela del Derechos Fundamentales Ambientales.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucas de Souza Lehfeld

2016-06-01

Full Text Available El principio in dubio pro natura é aplicación hermenéutica de derecho por los tribunales y mecanismo de control do activismo judicial cuando se refiere a derechos fundamentales ambientales. En un Estado Socio-ambiental de Derecho, no si pode descartar la tutela ambiental en decisiones judiciales ante el poder económico. La fundamentación judicial se condiciona a lo referido principio, verdadero encargo argumentativo para justificar la eliminación de la protección ambiental ante a situaciones como "hechos consumados" y periculum in mora (inreverso. Lo trabajo se desarrolla a partir de investigación bibliográfica, documental y cualitativa, e dos métodos deductivo, inductivo y analítico.

Incorporation of vision of social and environmental responsibility in oil sector business: a methodological proposal; Incorporacao da visao da responsabilidade socioambiental em negocios da area de petroleo: uma proposta metodologica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barata, Martha Macedo de Lima [Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Monteiro, Aline Guimaraes [Centro Federal de Educacao Tecnologica Celso Sukow da Fonseca (CEFET-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Sousa, Denise da Silva de; Schaffel, Silvia Blajberg [Coordenacao dos Programas de Pos-Graduacao de Engenharia (COPPE/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Lab. Interdisciplinar de Meio Ambiente (LIMA); La Rovere, Emilio Lebre [Coordenacao dos Programas de Pos-Graduacao de Engenharia (COPPE/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Programa de Planejamento Energetico

2008-07-01

The history of the oil industry is marked by environmental accidents, characterizing it as potentially polluter. In parallel is growing the pressure of the society, for a more responsible performance from the oil companies. In reply, the oil industry is adopting managing systems aiming to manage its environmental and social impacts. It is expected that in a first moment, the oil companies controls its social and environmental risks, for what this methodology was developed. This proposal supports the oil companies to incorporate the social and environmental variables into the economic dimension of their business, using a set of indicators. Allowing to analyze the possible influence of the business on the internal and external quality. More than analyze, making possible to prioritize a sustainable business. The application of this methodology will prevent additional costs that could be spent for those companies that did not consider the environmental and social costs of their business, and contributes also to facilitate the communication between the companies and their stakeholders. (author)

An evaluation of the potential impacts of the 'gas aid'; Uma avaliacao dos impactos potenciais do 'auxilio gas'

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Biazotto, Ana Lidia; Anuatti Neto, Francisco [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Economia, Administracao e Contabilidade

2004-07-01

In May of 2001, the prices to the final consumer of GLP were set free in the whole country; this procedure had the intention, to continue process of deregulation in the fuel sector, in accord with the Oil Law. The release of the prices of sale and shipping subsidies elimination, along with the elimination of the crossed subsidy, required the adoption of a 'gas aid' social program, aimed to guarantee the low profit families necessities attendance that would pay the additional fuel costs. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the gas aid program as its covering level and the economic and distributive efficiency. The study encloses the metropolitans regions investigated in the IBGE Family Budget Research of 1996. With base in the previously identification of the potential beneficiary of the program, and with them consumption profile, it was possible to evaluate the potential impact of the withdrawal of the subsidy in the hypothesis of the family be or not beneficiary of the program. Assuming that the targeting is perfect, it is compared the transference politics to the low profit families in relation to the previous politics of subsidize crossed. (author)

Development and evaluation of a high performance lubricant for industrial gears; Desenvolvimento e avaliacao de lubrificantes de alto desempenho para engrenagens industriais

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Araujo, Laura Denise Santiago de; Silva, Ademir Oliveira da [Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN (Brazil); Oliveira, Adelci Menezes de [PETROBRAS S.A., Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas (CENPES)

2008-07-01

Nowadays, new machines are submitted to higher efforts with smaller clearances. For them it is necessary to develop high performance lubricants in order to reduce friction, wear and emissions for internal combustion engines. In this work it was developed two lubricants, prepared with MoS{sub 2} (Molybdenum Disulfide) and LIC (Lubricant Intermetallic Compound), and they were compared to commercial oil, at the same viscosity grade ISO VG 320. The oils were tested in a four ball tribometer, at 1200 rpm, at initial temperature of 40 deg C and at 80 kgf. The friction reduction was of 13 % and 18 % for MoS{sub 2} and LIC oil, respectively. The wear was the same for all tested oils. Besides tests in the four ball machine, all oils were characterized by viscosity, demulsibility and atomic emission spectroscopy. The lubricants formulated with solids particles were considered as high performance. (author)

Evaluation of parametric and nonparametric models to predict water flow; Avaliacao entre modelos parametricos e nao parametricos para previsao de vazoes afluentes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Marques, T.C.; Cruz Junior, G.; Vinhal, C. [Universidade Federal de Goias (UFG), Goiania, GO (Brazil). Escola de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computacao], Emails: thyago@eeec.ufg.br, gcruz@eeec.ufg.br, vinhal@eeec.ufg.br

2009-07-01

The goal of this paper is to present a methodology to carry out the seasonal stream flow forecasting using database of average monthly inflows of one Brazilian hydroelectric plant located at Grande, Tocantins, Paranaiba, Sao Francisco and Iguacu river's. The model is based on the Adaptive Network Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), the non-parametric model. The performance of this model was compared with a periodic autoregressive model, the parametric model. The results show that the forecasting errors of the non-parametric model considered are significantly lower than the parametric model. (author)

Synthesis and evaluation of bone cement with different concentrations of brushite; Sintese e avaliacao de cimento osseo com diferentes concentracoes de brushita

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Morua, O.C.; Cardoso, M.J.B.; Farias, K.A.S.; Barbero, M.A.R.; Carrodeguas, R.G.; Fook, M.V.L., E-mail: cumberbatch.otto@gmail.com [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), PB (Brazil). Dept. de Ciencias e Engenharia de Materiais; Laboratorio de Desenvolvimento e Avaliacao de Biomateriais (CERTBIO/UFCG), PB (Brazil); Instituto de Ceramica y Vidrio (CSIC), Madrid (Spain); AzureBio SL, Tres Cantos, Madrid (Spain)

2017-10-01

The objective of this study was to chemically synthesize brushite bone cement in different compositions and to evaluate the microstructural formation, crystalline phases present and the influence of the compositions and amount of water on the mechanical property of compression resistance. Characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and mechanical properties. The XRD results confirmed the presence of the brushite and wollastonite phases. In the SEM it was verified the presence of particle agglomerates of each phase and a reduction of the particle sizes. In mechanical properties, it was observed that the amount of water influenced both the porosity and the compressive strength of the compositions. It was concluded that the synthesized brushite bone cement presented the expected crystalline phases and morphology, both the compositions and the amount of water influenced the mechanical properties of the developed cement. (author)

Economic evaluation of pipeline construction and capacity expansion projects; Avaliacao economica dos projetos de construcao e expansao de um gasoduto de transporte

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Machado, Leandro Bastos [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2003-07-01

In this work, two investment projects that are characteristic of the recent phase of the Brazilian natural gas industry were economically valued, taking into account the government going Thermoelectric Priority Program or PPT: economical design of a gas pipeline, to be built and operated by a Proprietary Carrier, where the interest variable is the transport tariff that will remunerate the investment and pipeline expansion through compressor stations, sponsored by the only shipper in the system, as it aims at selling gas to a thermoelectric plant, where the interest variable is the net present value of the project. In both cases, some sensitive analyses of the interest variable to variables that carry greater uncertainty are presented. Results show that pipeline expansion is viable. (author)

Evaluation of quality control of radiopharmaceuticals in Nuclear Medicine service; Avaliacao do controle de qualidade de radiofarmacos em servico de medicina nuclear

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tavares, Jamille A. Lopes; Lira, Renata F. de, E-mail: jam_alt@hotmail.com, E-mail: renatafariasdelira@hotmail.com [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife (Brazil); Santos, Marcus Aurelio P. dos, E-mail: masantos@cnen.gov.br [Centro Regional de Ciencias Nucleares do Nordeste (CRCN-NE/CNEN-PE), Recife, PE (Brazil)

2014-07-01

Radiopharmaceuticals are a type of pharmaceutical preparation associated with radionuclides with purpose of diagnosis and therapy. Nuclear Medicine Services (NMS) should perform quality control of radiopharmaceuticals according to the recommendations of the manufacturer and scientific evidences accepted by the National Agency Sanitary Surveillance ( Brazilian ANVISA). This study evaluated the quality of the main radiopharmaceuticals in a NMS of the state of Pernambuco in relation to pH and radiochemical purity. The results showed that 96.8% of the radiopharmaceuticals showed radiochemical purity and all pH values were within the range recommended by the American pharmacopoeia. The study found that the quality control when inserted into the NMS, provides important data that allows exclusion of radiopharmaceuticals with low radiochemistry purity, favoring a reliable diagnosis and ensuring good radiation protection practices and biosecurity for patient and occupationally exposed individuals.

Evaluation of uniformity and noise consistency test in computerized tomography; Avaliacao do teste de constancia de uniformidade e ruido em tomografia computadorizada

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garrafiel, Fabricio N.; Lykawka, Rochelle; Bacelar, Alexandre; Anes, Mauricio [Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil); Alva-Sanchez, Mirko S.; Pianoschi, Thatiane [Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil)

2016-07-01

The quality control in computed tomography (CT) includes constancy tests concerning CT number measured in a water tank and its response as uniformity, noise and accuracy. Differences to It's performance limits and frequency established by the national legislation and the manufacturers are well known. The objective of this study was to evaluate these tests proceeding the periodicity of national legislation. The tests were conducted over a three equipment of different manufacturers. Each equipment has acquisition parameters and specific phantoms. The equipment presented adequate performance and consistency when compared their results to the limits determined by manufacturers and national legislation. Thus, it is important to evaluate these differences and tailor the testing protocols to meet the established quality requirements. (author)

Assessment of conditions of service to maximum demand in decennial horizon; Avaliacao das condicoes de atendimento a demanda maxima em horizonte decenal

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guimaraes, Flavio Borsato; Nasser, Ivana Costa [Wise Systems, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Andrade, Danielle Bueno de; Machado, Renato Simoes; Morozowski Filho, Marciano [Empresa de Pesquisa Energetica (EPE), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2010-07-01

Planning the future hydro capacity in Brazil includes considering power reinforcements in the peak hours due to the increasing numbers of run-of-river plants. It means that the Brazilian's reservoir profile has been changing over the years from five years regularization to monthly regularization. This article presents a deterministic methodology to evaluate the capacity reserve of the Brazilian power system. It is based on the 'capacity reserve margin' calculation done by a monthly comparison between peak availability and maximum peak load. This methodology was applied to the Decennial Energy Expansion Plan 2019 (PDE 2019) and its final results are shown here through Peak Balances considering different operation conditions and the whole inflows historical records. Additionally, it is presented a suggestion about the evolution of peak evaluation criteria to be applied to the Brazilian power system on its expansion planning. (author)

Evaluation of low toxicity mineral oil base drilling fluids; Avaliacao de fluidos de perfuracao a base de oleo mineral de baixa toxidez

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ponte, Ielton Frederico da [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas. Div. de Explotacao

1989-12-31

In order to introduce low toxicity mineral oil base drilling fluids in Brazil, we carried out a series with a low aromatic content basic oil for lubricants, produced by PETROBRAS: the Lubrax Industrial OB-9 (Lubind OB-9). This oil, as well as its mixture with aviation kerosene to reduce viscosity, was found adequate for use in drilling fluids together with other national products developed by companies that supply additives for drilling fluids in Brazil. We present the results of laboratory tests with systems of four different manufacturers, one of which was chosen for initial field tests. These tests, which were carried out at the Miranga and Bu River Fields, in the Drilling District of Bahia, produced satisfactory results. We anticipate the use of these fluids in other areas where the company operates. (author) 2 refs., 3 tabs.

Chemical and microbiological assessments of the multi mixture treated by gamma radiation; Avaliacao quimica e microbiologica da multimistura tratada por irradiacao gama

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goncalves, Cinthia Graciele

2008-07-01

In Brazil, the multi mixture have being used since the eighties as an alternative against severe infantile malnutrition of the poorest population. However, its use is still reason of controversies mainly due to: the presence of anti nutritional factors, the microbiological quality and the nutritional value. Considering the routine use of multi mixture in the region, this work aimed to evaluate samples of multi mixture were collected in the metropolitan area of the City of Belo Horizonte/MG for determining the anti nutritional factors (phytic and oxalic acids), the microbiological quality, the centesimal and mineral composition, and still the induced effect in these factors of the gamma radiation. For the analyses, the samples passed by the process of gamma irradiation at doses of: 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 kGy and then were evaluated anti nutritional factors (phytic acid and oxalic), the microbiological quality (yeasts and molds, Salmonella, Coagulase positive Staphylococcus, Bacillus cereus, coliform to 45 deg C) to full percentage (moisture, ash, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids) and the efficiency of the method of Paramagnetic Electronic Resonance (EPR) in the detection of irradiated samples. The mineral composition of the samples was carried out by the irradiation by Neutronic Activation. The methods used were searched in literature. The obtained results suggest that the concentration of the phytic and oxalic acids can not be appropriated for the children with severe nutritional deficit and that it would be necessary additional control in their daily ingestion due to the absorption of essential minerals. In general the samples had presented acceptable microbiological quality for consumption, except by one of it. The data of the centesimal and mineral composition, in the usually recommended portions, showed lower concentration than recommended for children. Any significant alteration in phytic and oxalic acids as well as in the centesimal composition were detected after gamma irradiation. The electronic paramagnetic resonance can be detected irradiated samples. (author)

Evaluation of quality of tomographs of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil; Avaliacao da qualidade dos tomografos do estado do Rio de Janeiro

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Travassos, P.C.B.; Belem, V.R.; Magalhaes, L.A.; Almeida, C.E.A. de, E-mail: luisalexandregm@hotmail.com [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria, (IRD/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Lab. de Ciencias Radiologicas

2014-07-01

Computerized tomographs used in 56 institutions in the state of Rio de Janeiro were evaluated. Criteria of image quality and dosimetry were submitted. The results showed that some not performed optimize their protocols examinations or perform wrongly, which results in an increase in the dose received by patients, and an image in compromised quality. (author)

Evaluation of dosimetric effects caused by the table top of therapy; Avaliacao dos efeitos dosimetricos causados pelo tampo da mesa de tratamento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Camargo, Andre Vinicius de; Alvares, Bruno; Fioravante, Gustavo Donisete; Silva, Diego da Cunha Silveira Alves da; Giglioli, Milena; Batista, Felipe Placido; Silva, Lais Bueno da; Radicchi, Lucas Augusto [Hospital de Cancer de Barretos, SP (Brazil)

2016-07-01

The attenuation and bolus effect for two tables top from different manufacturers were investigated for 6MV photons. The bolus effect of couch was compared with 0,5cm bolus (water equivalent). Maximum attenuation found in Exact Couch table was 6,9% and the minimum was 0,63%. The rail of Exact Couch, for beam in 180 deg, was observed attenuation of 13,61%. The same way that for attenuation, the surface dose was different for each region of couch Exact Couch and for different components of iBeam evo. The percentage of the dose in the depth of 1,8 mm was greater for table top of Exact Couch (66,2%). The extender of table iBeam evo offered increase dose of 38,3% and it table top of 51,9% in the same depth. The bolus increased surface dose in 61,1%. The results of this study showed that table tops when in contact with surface of the patient may significantly increase surface dose and beam attenuation. (author)

Evaluation of quality control tools for patients submitted to IMRT; Avaliacao das ferramentas de controle da qualidade para pacientes submetidos ao IMRT

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lavor, Milton; Rodrigues, Laura N.; Silva, Marco A., E-mail: miltonlavor@gmail.com [Universidade de Sao Paulo (HCFMRP/USP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Hospital das Clinicas. Servico de Radioterapia

2013-04-15

Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is currently being implemented in a rapidly growing number of centers in Brazil. As consequence many institutions are now facing the problem of performing a comprehensive quality control program before and during the implementation of IMRT in the clinical practice. This paper proposes a methodology for quality control and presents the results and evaluations of the data obtained from the proposed methodology. Ionization chamber and two-dimensional array detector were performed in IMRT treatment planning in order to assess the absolute value of the total dose of all fields. The relative total dose distribution of all fields was measured with a radiochromic film and a two-dimensional array in a phantom. A comparison between measured and calculated dose distributions was performed using the gamma-index method, assessing the percentage of points that meet the criteria of ±3% dose difference and ±3mm distance to agreement. As a result and review of 113 tested IMRT beams using ionization chamber and 81 using two-dimensional array, the proposal was to take an action level of about ±5% compared to the treatment planning systems and measurements, for the verification of the dose in a single point at the low gradient dose region. Analysis of the two-dimensional array measurements showed that the gamma value was <1 for 97.7% of the data and for the film the gamma value was <1 for 96.6% of the data. This work can establish action levels required for quality control program proposed and implemented in the Department of Radiotherapy - Hospital das Clinicas in Sao Paulo that allows an accurate delivery of dose in 'sliding-window' IMRT with micro multi leaf collimator. (author)

Methodology for probability of failure assessment of offshore pipelines; Metodologia qualitativa de avaliacao da probabilidade de falha de dutos rigidos submarinos estaticos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pezzi Filho, Mario [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2005-07-01

In this study it is presented a methodology for assessing the likelihood of failure for every failure mechanism defined for carbon steel static offshore pipelines. This methodology is aimed to comply with the Integrity Management policy established by the Company. Decision trees are used for the development of the methodology and the evaluation of the extent and the significance of these failure mechanisms. Decision trees enable also the visualization of the logical structure of algorithms which eventually will be used in risk assessment software. The benefits of the proposed methodology are presented and it is recommended that it be tested on static offshore pipelines installed in different assets for validation. (author)

Evaluation of low toxicity mineral oil base drilling fluids; Avaliacao de fluidos de perfuracao a base de oleo mineral de baixa toxidez

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ponte, Ielton Frederico da [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas. Div. de Explotacao

1990-12-31

In order to introduce low toxicity mineral oil base drilling fluids in Brazil, we carried out a series with a low aromatic content basic oil for lubricants, produced by PETROBRAS: the Lubrax Industrial OB-9 (Lubind OB-9). This oil, as well as its mixture with aviation kerosene to reduce viscosity, was found adequate for use in drilling fluids together with other national products developed by companies that supply additives for drilling fluids in Brazil. We present the results of laboratory tests with systems of four different manufacturers, one of which was chosen for initial field tests. These tests, which were carried out at the Miranga and Bu River Fields, in the Drilling District of Bahia, produced satisfactory results. We anticipate the use of these fluids in other areas where the company operates. (author) 2 refs., 3 tabs.

Bone injuries in the post-traumatic knee: evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging; Comprometimento osseo do joelho pos-trauma: avaliacao pela ressonancia magnetica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

De Grossi, Carla Martins [Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Curso de Pos-graduacao em Radiologia; Marchiori, Edson [Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ (Brazil). Servico de Radiologia; Santos, Alair Augusto S.M.D. dos [Hospital Santa Cruz, Niteroi, RJ (Brazil). Servico de Radiologia]. E-mail: edmarchiori@zipmail.com.br

2001-06-01

This paper presents the results of 50 patients with trauma of the knee submitted to magnetic resonance imaging in the period of January 1996 to December 1997. The appearance and incidence of the main bone lesions were evaluated and correlated with the mechanisms of aggression and with clinical data. Associated lesions were also evaluated. Bone contusions were the most commonly findings encountered and were observed in 38 patients (76%). Osteochondral fractures occurred in five patients (10%) and bone fractures were detected in five patients (10%), of which two were associated with contusions in other adjoining bone compartments. Chondromalacia of the patella was observed only in two patients (4%). We concluded that magnetic resonance imaging is the imaging method of choice for the diagnosis of bone lesions in patients with trauma of the knee. (author)

Performance evaluation of an automatic positioning system for photovoltaic panels; Avaliacao de desempenho de um sistema de posicionamento automatico para paineis fotovoltaicos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alves, Alceu Ferreira; Cagnon, Jose Angelo [Universidade Estadual Paulista (FEB/UNESP), Bauru, SP (Brazil). Fac. de Engenharia], Emails: alceu@feb.unesp.br, jacagnon@feb.unesp.br

2009-07-01

The need of using electric energy in localities not attended by the utilities has motivated the development of this research, whose main approach was photovoltaic systems and the search for better performance of these systems with the solar panels positioning toward the sun. This work presents the performance evaluation of an automatic positioning system for photovoltaic panels taking in account the increase in generation of electric energy and its costs of implantation. It was designed a simplified electromechanical device, which is able to support and to move a photovoltaic panel along the day and along the year, keeping its surface aimed to the sun rays, without using sensors and with optimization of movements, due the adjustment of panel's inclination take place only once a day. The obtained results indicated that the proposal is viable, showing a compatible cost compared to the increase in the generation of electricity. (author)

Evaluation of thermoluminescent BeO samples in standard radiotherapy beams; Avaliacao de amostras termoluminescentes de BeO em feixes padroes de radioterapia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Groppo, Daniela P.; Silva, Jonas O.; Caldas, Linda V.E., E-mail: daniela.piai.groppo@gmail.com [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2012-08-15

Beryllium oxide thermoluminescent samples were evaluated in standard radiotherapy beams of low energy. Results for response reproducibility, dose-response curve and energy dependence were obtained. The lower detection limit was determined. The pellets of BeO showed their usefulness for beam dosimetry. (author)

Radiographic and tomographic evaluation of total hybrid hip replacement in dogs; Avaliacao radiografica e tomografica de caes submetidosa artroplastia coxofemoral total hibrida

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Minto, B.W., E-mail: brunowminto@gmail.com [Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP (Brazil); Brandao, C.V.S.; Pereira, G.J.C.; Babicsak, V.R.; Vulcano, L.C.; Rossetto, V.J.V. [Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, SP (Brazil)

2016-11-15

The total hip arthroplasty is the most effective surgical technique for the treatment of severe canine hip dysplasia. Currently, the radiographic examination is the most common method used to assess this procedure in dogs, but has some limitations. CT scan by computed tomography instead enables the acquisition of images without overlap, thereby determining the positioning of prosthetic components with greater accuracy. This research aimed to evaluate by radiography and CT scan examinations the use of a hybrid modular total hip prosthesis developed and made in Brazil, applied experimentally in healthy dogs. Six skeletally mature dogs, which previously underwent surgery on the left hip joint were used. The dogs underwent CT scan at 360 days and three years after surgery. All animals showed good positioning of prosthetic components, and proper joint reduction. In the CT scan, however, it was possible to detect irregular fill areas in some animals. In addition, CT scan allowed the detection and monitoring of areas of bone resorption around the acetabular component. Therefore, the CT scan was useful in the evaluation of prosthetic joints, with the advantage of optimum sharpness of the images and allowing for the possibility of quantifying peri-prosthetic changes and measure joint, fundamental relations for late postoperative follow-up. (author)

Chemical treatment and biomimetic coating evaluating in zirconia-alumina ceramics; Avaliacao de tratamentos quimicos e recobrimento biomimetico em ceramicas de alumina-zirconia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aguiar, Amanda Abati

2007-07-01

Ceramic materials, as alumina and zirconia have been explored along the years as biomaterials application. The bio inert nature has been stimulating the development of new alternatives, as chemical treatments to improve the biological application of these ceramics. The biomimetic process of bio inert ceramics for coating apatite is based on soaking the implant in a simulated body fluid, SBF, with ion concentrations nearly equal to those of human blood plasma. The bioactivity of the material is related with the formation of a layer constituted of hydroxyapatite low crystalline, similar to the biological apatite. The biocompatibility associated to the structural properties of the alumina and zirconia has been stimulating the clinical use of these materials, mainly in areas of larger mechanical requests, places not recommended for bioactive hydroxyapatite, for instance. In this work samples of alumina, zirconia doped with Yttria (3% mol) and composites of alumina and zirconia doped with Yttria (3% mol) were prepared by co-precipitation method, calcinate, sintered, chemically treated with solutions of acid phosphoric and sodium hydroxide and them immersed in 1.0 M and 1.5 M SBF. The calcinate powders were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), gas adsorption (BET) and laser diffraction. The XRD results indicate that the samples are low crystalline. It was observed for BET that the samples present high specific surface area. The results of laser diffraction and SEM showed that the powders are agglomerates. The sintered samples were analyzed by XRD, SEM and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The phases quantified by Rietveld method were: cubic, tetragonal and monoclinic of the zirconia, besides the phase alpha of the alumina. The chemical treatment with phosphoric acid didn't present a tendency of larger apatite formation in relation to the samples no chemically treated. The treatment with sodium hydroxide provoked accentuated transformation of the cubic phase for tetragonal phase and of tetragonal phase for the monoclinic phase of the zirconia. The immersion of samples in SBF provided apatite coating formation on the surfaces of the samples, identified by XRD, and the coating thickness was measured by XRF. (author)

Thermal analysis of Brazilian standards proposals for social residential buildings; Avaliacao termica das propostas de normas brasileiras para edificacoes de interesse social

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dilkin, Pedro [Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Ijui, RSA (Brazil). Dept. de Fisica, Estatistica e Matematica]. E-mail: dilkin@main.unijui.tche.br; Schneider, Paulo Smith [Rio Grande do Sul Univ., Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia Mecanica]. E-mail: pss@mecanica.ufrgs.br

2000-07-01

This work presents a critical analysis of national proposals of standards for the thermal performance of simple residential buildings. A review of some international standards is performed together with the description of the national proposals of standards, and a prototype of a house is assembled, following each one of the texts. Results are displayed and the prototypes are simulated using the TRNSYS environment, concerning winter and summer periods of Porto Alegre. Finally, the national proposal that achieved the best performance is improved by means new simulations. (author)

Evaluation of the capacity of heavy metal adsorption in exfoliated vermiculite; Avaliacao da capacidade de adsorcao de metal pesado em vermiculitas esfoliadas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lima, J.F.; Silva, P.S.; Hanken, R.B.L. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UAEMa/UFCG), PB (Brazil). Unidade Academica de Engenharia de Materiais; Raposo, C.M.O., E-mail: raposo@dmg.ufcg.edu.b [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UAMG/UFCG), Bodocongo, PB (Brazil). Unidade Academica de Mineracao e Geologia

2009-07-01

Many groups from modern society have seen with attention the issues of pollutants, generally present in nature, those same that have caused irreversible damages to the environment. The Vermiculite, a phyllosilicate, with t-o-t structure, have high interlamelar charge, has been studied as cationic exchanger, whose application when exfoliated, are increased. This work has the objective of evaluate the absorption capacity of chromium (III), in different concentrations, in high, slim and medium concentrations of exfoliated vermiculites. The results obtained from the characterization by spectroscopy in infrared and by diffraction of x-ray from prepared solids showed important variations in the quantity of adsorbed metal in order the size of the concentrated particles. (author)

Evaluation of plate type fuel options for small power reactors; Avaliacao de alternativas de combustivel tipo placa para reatores de pequeno porte

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Andrzejewski, Claudio de Sa

2005-07-01

Plate type fuels are generally used in research reactor. The utilization of this kind of configuration improves significantly the overall performance fuel. The conception of new fuels for small power reactors based in plate-type configuration needs a complete review of the safety criteria originally used to conduce power and research reactor projects. In this work, a group of safety criteria is established for the utilization of plate-type fuels in small power reactors taking into consideration the characteristics of power and research reactors. The performance characteristics of fuel elements are strongly supported by its materials properties and the adopted configuration for its fissile particles. The present work makes an orientated bibliographic investigation searching the best material properties (structural materials and fuel compounds) related to the performance fuel. Looking for good parafermionic characteristics and manufacturing exequibility associated to existing facilities in national research centres, this work proposes several alternatives of plate type fuels, considering its utilization in small power reactors: dispersions of UO{sub 2} in stainless steel, of UO{sub 2} in zircaloy, and of U-Mo alloy in zircaloy, and monolithic plates of U-Mo cladded with zircaloy. Given the strong dependency of radiation damage with temperature increase, the safety criteria related to heat transfer were verified for all the alternatives, namely the DNBR; coolant temperature lower than saturation temperature; peak meat temperature to avoid swelling; peak fuel temperature to avoid meat-matrix reaction. It was found that all alternatives meet the safety criteria including the 0.5 mm monolithic U-Mo plate cladded with zircaloy. (author)

Combined heat and power generation: encouraged insertion plan systemic appraisal; Cogeracao no setor eletrico: avaliacao sistemica de um plano de insercao incentivada

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Paula, Claudio P; Sauer, Ildo L [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Inst. de Eletrotecnica e Energia. Programa Interunidades de Pos-Graduacao em Energia

2004-07-01

The principal objective of this paper is to evaluate the potential for self-production of combined heat and power - CHP generation - in the expansion of the Brazilian electric power supply system. The potential was determined by simulating operation of CHP plants in industries which had previously used oil derivates to supply process heat, as well as of plants for service sectors, which had consumed electricity for air conditioning. The final part of the thesis describes the policy incentives which should be implemented so that CHP can make a significant contribution at the national level, permitting better use of natural resources and leverage the penetration of natural gas in the energy market, with favorable impacts on national development. (author)

Evaluation of biodegradation of bionanocomposites of PHB/PP-g-MA/vermiculite; Avaliacao da biodegradacao de bionanocompositos de PHB/PP-g-MA/vermiculita

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mesquita, P.J.P. de; Alves, T.S.; Barbosa, R., E-mail: tsaeng3@yahoo.com.br [Universidade Federal do Piaui (UFPI), Teresina, PI (Brazil). Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencia dos Materiais; Andrade, D. de L.A.C.S. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), PB (Brazil). Programa de Pos- Graduacao em Ciencia e Engenharia de Materiais

2014-07-01

In this work, we evaluated the process of biodegradation of PHB bionanocomposites/PP-g-MA/clay. Films were prepared with compositions of 5% PP-g-MA and 3% clay (BIO5); and 2.5% PP-g-MA and 3% clay (BIO2.5). The biodegradation test was conducted according to ASTM G 160-03 for a period of 86 days. The evaluation of biodegradation was performed by optical microscopy (MO), loss of mass, FTIR and XRD. The bionanocomposites presented change of coloration and appearance of fissures. As for loss in mass in the system presented loss of BIO2,5 22.5% and 25.9% BIO5, for 86 days of simulated soil exposure. We also observed by FTIR sharp reduction in intensity of the band corresponding to the C = O groups, indicating that the microbial attack promoted cleavage of the ester group links. By XRD, reduction in the intensity of the peaks and enlargements of the same with increasing exposure time, proving the biodegradation behavior of bionanocomposites. (author)

Method of evaluation of diagnostics reference levels in computerized tomography; Metodo de avaliacao de niveis de referencia de radiodiagnostico em tomografia computadorizada

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vega, Walter Flores

1999-04-01

Computerized tomography is a complex technique with several selectable exposition parameters delivering high doses to the patient. In this work it was developed a simple methodology to evaluate diagnostic reference levels in computerized tomography, using the concept of Multiple Scan Average Dose (MSAD), recently adopted by the Health Ministry. For evaluation of the MSAD, a dose distribution was obtained through a measured dose profile on the axial axis of a water phantom with thermoluminescence dosemeters, TLD-100, for different exam technique. The MSAD was evaluated hrough two distinct methods. First, it was evaluated by the integration of the dose profile of a single slice and, second, obtained by the integration on central slice of the profile of several slices. The latter is in of accordance with the ionization chamber method, suggesting to be the most practical method of dose evaluation to be applied in the diagnostic reference level assessment routine for CT, using TLDs. (author)

Evaluation of pulp and mortar to pack bitumen radioactive waste; Avaliacao de pastas e argamassas para o embalado de rejeitos radioativos betuminizados

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gregorio, Marina da S.; Vieira, Vanessa M.; Tello, Cledola C.O., E-mail: msg@cdtn.br, E-mail: vanessamotavieira@gmail.com, E-mail: tellocc@cdtn.br [Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear (CDTN/CNEN-MG), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil)

2013-07-01

According to international experience, for the deposition of cement in surface repository, is necessary the use of cement mortar pastes to immobilize the product. Determining the most efficient folder or for the packed mortar, as well as its ideal formulation, is the goal of this study. To do various experiments with samples of cement paste and mortar, with presence of fluxing and / or clay were performed. Viscosity, density, setting time and compressive strength were evaluated. This study will be presented only the results found in testing of compressive strength to be an essential parameter in the transport, storage and disposal of the product. From the results found will be selected the best formulations for use in packed bitumen tailings from the National Radioactive Waste Repository.

Evaluation of thermal stability of paraffin wax by differential scanning calorimetry; Avaliacao da estabilidade termica de parafina por calorimetria diferencial de varredura

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Godinho, K.O.; Silva, A.G.P.; Holanda, J.N.F. [Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (LAMAV/UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ (Brazil). Grupo de Materiais Ceramicos], Email: holanda@uenf.br

2010-07-01

Phase change materials for heat storage are used as passive solar energy storage materials, which can be impregnated into construction materials. In this work the thermal stability (heating/cooling cycle) of the paraffin wax was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. The latent heat and fusion temperature were determined for the following thermal cycles: 0, 30, 180 and 360. The thermal stability for paraffin wax infiltrated in support of gypsum was also determined. The experimental results showed that the paraffin wax showed good thermal stability in the states pure and infiltrated for up to 360 thermal cycles. (author)

Exploiting the use of compact heat exchangers on preheating trains; Avaliacao de desempenho de trocadores compactos em bateria de pre-aquecimento - REDUC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Villas Boas, Alan Trugilho; Bolsoni, Adair [PETROBRAS S.A., Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Refinaria de Duque de Caxias (REDUC); Kuboski, Claudio; Cesario, Diomedes [PETROBRAS S.A., Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas (CENPES)

2008-07-01

The U-1210 distillation unit of Holding has being expected to suffer a metallurgical adaptation in order to process petroleum with higher naphthenic acids concentration. A heat integration study (pinch analysis) was realized, with the restriction of limited plot area and shut-down time. A full compabloc preheat train was preliminary concept. During conceptual design, REDUC found it to be a good idea to have a performance test. A compabloc CP30 unit has been installed, in order to evaluate the performance of this equipment under unit conditions. The operation service chosen was vacuum residue preheating crude before the dessalter, low crude temperature (100 deg C to 115 deg C). The objective was operational and maintenance experience. (author)

Enzymes evaluation for the polymeric filter cake removal; Avaliacao de enzimas para remocao de reboco formado por fluidos polimericos de base agua

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kameda, Etel; Coelho, Maria Alice Z. [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ (Brazil). Escola de Quimica; Langone, Marta A.P. [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), RJ (Brazil). Inst. de Quimica; Queiroz Neto, Joao C. de [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas (CENPES)

2004-07-01

In the drilling wells in horizontal or complex configurations, the drilling fluid contact with the productive zone can reduce the productivity by fluid invasion in the borehole wall. Drilling fluids usually comprise natural polymers as starch and xanthan gum. These polymers are deposited as the filter-cake on the wellbore wall. A common approach to remove this filter-cake is the application of acids or strong oxidative solutions. However, these are non-specific species which will react with any encountered that is acid soluble or oxidizable. An alternative is the use of enzymatic preparations that are able to hydrolyze such polymers. The enzymes catalyze only certain specific substrates, are inherently environmentally friendly, the enzymatic degradation rate is slower than that achieved by the oxidative species, so the enzymes produces an uniform filter cake degradation. In this work, the kinetic behaviors of an enzymatic filter-cake breaker and a commercial thermo stable enzymatic complex were analyzed. Both kinetic profiles were very similar, as well as its electrophoresis analysis. The protein in each product showed identical molecular weight. The commercial enzymatic complex stability remained 58.56% of enzymatic activity after 30 days at 40 deg C. Stability at wellbore conditions can be considered similar for both products. At 65 deg C they showed the same enzymatic activity after 8 hours. After 3 hours at 80 deg C, the commercial enzymatic complex remained 29.89% of the initial activity and the filter-cake breaker 61.73%, while at 95 deg C remained 4.39% and 11.60% of the initial activity, respectively, after 15 minutes. (author)

The petroleum and its products pipeline network as articulate axle of the social-environmental transformation; A malha dutoviaria de transporte de petroleo e derivados como eixo articulador de transformacao socio-ambiental

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferreira Filho, Aluisio Teles [TRANSPETRO - PETROBRAS Transportes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Gerencia de Seguranca, Meio Ambiente e Saude; Dias, Janice; Vieira, Roberto Gomes [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2003-07-01

The article describes the experience of the area of Social Responsibility in TRANSPETRO, a wholly Brazilian Subsidiary of PETROBRAS, which operates in the field of transport of petroleum, its by-products and gas, by way of oil and gas pipeline networks. Pipeline is the safety option for the transport of these products, but requires monitoring and the permanent management of the use and occupation of the soil and surrounding area. This care does not only depend on the Company as responsibility is much wider. Active participation by the communities affected by the operations is essential, principally in incorporating the rules of occupation and the use of the soil in the land surrounding the strips and the terminals. This participation is justified given that the action of third parties represents a significant proportion (70%) of the irregular situations registered by the Company. Community Relationship Management is one of the principal strategies to increase the safety of the pipelines integrated into the Company's programs of maintenance and operational control. Therefore, a plan of Community Relations has been implanted, focusing on the transformation of values to construct a community culture of co-habitation and co-responsibility for the pipeline land. (author)

The petroleum and its products pipeline network as articulate axle of the social-environmental transformation; A malha dutoviaria de transporte de petroleo e derivados como eixo articulador de transformacao socio-ambiental

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferreira Filho, Aluisio Teles [TRANSPETRO - PETROBRAS Transportes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Gerencia de Seguranca, Meio Ambiente e Saude; Dias, Janice; Vieira, Roberto Gomes [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2003-07-01

The article describes the experience of the area of Social Responsibility in TRANSPETRO, a wholly Brazilian Subsidiary of PETROBRAS, which operates in the field of transport of petroleum, its by-products and gas, by way of oil and gas pipeline networks. Pipeline is the safety option for the transport of these products, but requires monitoring and the permanent management of the use and occupation of the soil and surrounding area. This care does not only depend on the Company as responsibility is much wider. Active participation by the communities affected by the operations is essential, principally in incorporating the rules of occupation and the use of the soil in the land surrounding the strips and the terminals. This participation is justified given that the action of third parties represents a significant proportion (70%) of the irregular situations registered by the Company. Community Relationship Management is one of the principal strategies to increase the safety of the pipelines integrated into the Company's programs of maintenance and operational control. Therefore, a plan of Community Relations has been implanted, focusing on the transformation of values to construct a community culture of co-habitation and co-responsibility for the pipeline land. (author)

Diagnóstico socio-ambiental de la producción agrícola en el páramo de Rabanal (Colombia como base para su reconversión agroecológica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dalia Soraya Useche de Vega

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En las partes más altas de las montañas andinas, entre los límites superior de bosques e inferior de zonas nivales, se encuentran los páramos; en Colombia se localizan en las cordilleras Occidental, Central y Oriental, y en la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta; abarcan gran extensión del país y tienen máxima representatividad en el departamento de Boyacá, en donde abastecen acueductos municipales y veredales.  Dadas las características geológicas, climáticas y edáficas de los páramos, se han desarrollado en ellos la extracción minera (principalmente carbón y actividades agropecuarias (principalmente papa y pastoreo de vacunos y ovinos sobre 3.000 msnm; pero las ventajas ofrecidas por este medio natural para desarrollar estas actividades contrastan con su susceptibilidad al deterioro y la vulnerabilidad edáfica. La aplicación de agroquímicos y la ampliación de la frontera agropecuaria son actividades que alteran negativamente el ecosistema de páramo, impactan los recursos naturales, la biodiversidad y las fuentes hídricas; pero el enfoque agrícola actual del país no permite analizar las relaciones socio-económicas existentes entre la población, ni las necesidades, ni, mucho menos, las potencialidades de los campesinos asentados allí. Ante esta problemática se pretende, bajo un enfoque de sistemas ya partir del diagnóstico socioeconómico y ambiental y de la comprensión de la realidad campesina, vincular, mediante estrategias de sensibilización, a la comunidad para que participe activamente en la evaluación de la salud del suelo y del cultivo y en la identificación y reconocimiento de la biodiversidad existente, así como de la capacidad de resiliencia del agroecosistema. Todo esto teniendo como principio la agroecología, en la búsqueda de una alternativa socialmente viable y ambientalmente sostenible en este ecosistema de especial protección.

Sistema de indicadores de sustentabilidad socioambiental para los residuos sólidos urbanos de los espacios públicos de la Delegación Venustiano Carranza en el Distrito Federal, México

OpenAIRE

Muñoz Cadena, Cecilia Esther

2015-01-01

En la ciudad de México, el 50% de las inundaciones urbanas son provocadas por los residuos que los mismos capitalinos arrojan a las vías y espacios públicos. Existe evidencia que ciertos factores en el entorno influyen en los transeúntes para presentar dichos comportamientos inadecuados. El objetivo de este trabajo es dilucidar qué factores, señalados por sus indicadores, inciden sobre esta conducta para proponer un cambio hacia la sustentabilidad en los espacios públicos. Para...

A questão da responsabilidade socioambiental na reciclagem de plástico no Rio de Janeiro The question of socio-environmental accountability in recycling of plastics in Rio de Janeiro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marco Antonio Gaya de Figueiredo

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho objetivou verificar como as atividades de reciclagem impactam nas áreas de saúde, segurança e meio ambiente, levantando também algumas questões relacionadas com a responsabilidade social, com destaque para o atendimento às normas regulamentadoras, legislação de saúde, segurança e meio ambiente aplicáveis. O questionário elaborado foi aplicado diretamente a um grupo de recicladoras, todas situadas no estado do Rio de Janeiro, sendo três do segmento de polietileno e uma de politereftalato de etileno. Verificou-se que apenas 24% dos itens avaliados foram atendidos na sua íntegra, demonstrando um baixo índice de atendimento às questões relativas à saúde, segurança, meio ambiente e responsabilidade social. Enfim, o presente estudo mostra que há necessidade de maior atenção por parte do poder público quanto à criação de uma infraestrutura de capacitação de forma a permear essas informações para os profissionais que atuam nesse segmento.This study aimed to determine how recycling activities impact on health, safety and the environment while also raising some questions related to social responsibility, especially in terms of meeting legislated health, safety and environmental regulatory standards. A questionnaire was developed that was applied directly to a group of recyclers, all located in Rio de Janeiro, three from the Polyethylene and Polyethylene Terephthalate sector. It was found that only 24% of the items assessed were seen in their entirety, demonstrating a low rate of service issues relating to health, safety and environment and social responsibility. Finally, this study shows that greater attention is needed from the government to create an infrastructure for training in order for information on health, safety, environment and social responsibility to permeate to the professionals who operate in recycling.

Aspectos ambientais da disposição de resíduos sólidos em aterro sanitário na zona de amortecimento das unidades de conservação do município de Assis – SP. Environmental aspects of solid waste disposition on landfill in buffer zone of protected areas of Assis municipality – SP.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Regiane Novais LEITE

2014-12-01

Full Text Available A análise dos aspectos ambientais da disposição de resíduos sólidos em aterro sanitário na zona de amortecimento das unidades de conservação Floresta Estadual e Estação Ecológica de Assis permitiu estimar impactos ambientais negativos, que podem afetar a biodiversidade e recursos naturais destas unidades. Pretendeu-se, através deste trabalho, alertar, por meio de relatório ambiental, o gestor municipal e os órgãos ambientais existentes em Assis sobre a situação dessa área, a fim de promover o encerramento das atividades do aterro e a destinação final correta dos resíduos sólidos gerados no município de Assis. A pesquisa pautou-se na legislação vigente e pertinente e nos métodos descritos pela literatura sobre aterramento de resíduos e impactos ambientais. Foram realizadas idas a campo para observação do cenário. Os aspectos ambientais analisados apresentaram correspondência com impactos ambientais negativos, os quais exibem potencial de causar ao ambiente: perda da qualidade e contaminação do solo, deterioração da qualidade das águas subterrâneas, deterioração da qualidade do ar, perda líquida dos habitats e alteração dos ecossistemas aquáticos e terrestres, e ao meio antrópico: impacto visual, sobre a saúde humana e socioambiental. Faz-se necessária a adoção de medidas mitigadoras, como a descontaminação dessa área após o encerramento do aterro, em prol do reestabelecimento da qualidade dessa paisagem e da minimização dos riscos à saúde pública.A análise dos aspectos ambientais da disposição de resíduos sólidos em aterro sanitário na zona de amortecimento das unidades de conservação Floresta Estadual e Estação Ecológica de Assis permitiu estimar impactos ambientais negativos, que podem afetar a biodiversidade e recursos naturais destas unidades. Pretendeu-se, através deste trabalho, alertar, por meio de relatório ambiental, o gestor municipal e os órgãos ambientais

Photoluminescence evaluation of TiO{sub 2} synthesized by Pechini method; Avaliacao da fotoluminescencia do TiO{sub 2} sintetizado pelo metodo Pechini

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Araujo, D.S.; Diniz, V.C.S.; Dantas, J.; Araujo, P.M.A.G.; Costa, A.C.F.M., E-mail: dagobertoufcg@gmail.com [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), PB (Brazil). Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencia e Engenharia de Materiais; Viana, R.S.; Junior, S.A. [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. Quimica Fundamental; Torquato, R.A. [Universidade Federal da Paraiba (UFPB), Joao Pessoa, PB (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia de Materiais

2017-07-15

Titanium dioxide (TiO{sub 2}) stands out for use in various applications mainly due to its properties of thermal and chemical stability and its excellent optical properties. However, these properties are dependent on the type and phase morphology, which is related to the TiO{sub 2} processing method. Thus, this paper proposed to synthesize TiO{sub 2} nanoparticles by polymeric precursor method with different polymorphs, and evaluate the influence of these phases in the photoluminescent properties. For this, the stoichiometric molar proportions of citric acid:metallic cations of 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1 and 5:1 were investigated. The nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy, textural analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), excitation and emission spectroscopy and determination of the band gap by UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The presence of anatase and rutile was confirmed by XRD in different proportions for each sample. The agglomerate size increased with the citric acid/metal cations ratio as observed by SEM. Concerning photoluminescence, the maximum intensity in the emission spectrum occurred at the wavelength of 533 nm for the 3:1 sample and the maximum intensity in the excitation spectrum occurred for the 2:1 sample at the wavelength of 451 nm. (author)

Evaluation of breast cancer through mammographies and image digital processing; Avaliacao do cancer de mama atraves de mamografias e processamento digital de imagens

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Crestana, Rita H.S.

1996-12-31

The state of art of image processing has provided important advances to many scientific investigation areas particularly to medical own. This work exploits the potentiality of using image processing techniques for analyzing breast phantoms and mammographies. 36 refs., 62 figs.

Dynamic system for the evaluation of CIM monitoring and control techniques; Sistema dinamico para avaliacao de tecnicas de monitoracao e controle da CIM

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Penna, Monica de Oliveira [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas (CENPES). Biotecnologia e Ecossistemas]. E-mail: mpena@cenpes.petrobras.com.br; Baptista, Walmar; Brito, Rosane Fernandes de [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas (CENPES). Tecnologia de Materiais, Equipamentos e Corrosao]. E-mails: walmar@cenpes.petrobras.com.br; rosanef@cenpes.petrobras.com.br; Silva, Edilson Domingos da; Nascimento, Juliana Rangel do [Fundacao Gorceix, Ouro Preto, MG (Brazil)]. E-mails: edilson@cenpes.petrobras.com.br; julianarn@cenpes.petrobras.com.br; Coutinho, Claudia M.L.M. [Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niteroi, RJ (Brazil). Inst. de Biologia. Dept. de Biologia Celular e Molecular

2002-03-01

In general, the two main problems associated to the water injection system for secondary petroleum recovery are the corrosion control and the decrease in solid injection in the reservoir. Corrosion problems in injection water systems may have abiotic as well as biotic causes, and the occurrence of reservoir plugs can result from the injection of particles (suspended solids as well as corrosion products), bacteria and fouling formation. Due to the need to implement a methodology for the evaluation of abiotic and biotic corrosive processes, monitoring techniques and MIC control in a dynamic system, an apparatus was built that simulates the characteristics of a water injection system. The apparatus allows monitoring and control of the parameters that, when varied, may influence the performance of the quality of the injected water. The dynamic system was designed to simulate as precisely as possible the conditions that allow the SRB and heterotrophic bacteria to create fouling in a water injection system. This article discusses the dynamic system, analytical methods and some preliminary results. (author)

Evaluation of radon measuring technique using passive detector activated carbon; Avaliacao da tecnica de medicao do radonio utilizando detector passivo com carvao ativado

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferreira, Paulo Roberto Rocha; Lessa, Edmilson de Lima; Oliveira, Evaldo Paulo de, E-mail: epoliveira@aluno.ird.gov.br [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria, (IRD/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Div. de Radioprotecao Ambiental e Ocupacional

2014-07-01

This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of measuring the radioactive gas Radon ({sup 222} Rn) with passive detector activated carbon. Alpha Guard, exposure chamber, air sampler, default font Radio, calibrator flow, flow adjuster, ducts drivers: For this, various equipment to make the measurement system as were used. An assembly of such equipment, with specific sequence was used allowing for more efficient exposure of passive detectors Radon gas. Twenty samples were heated to remove moisture and then stored in desiccator until the experiment were made. The exhibition was held passive dosimeters being removed from the chamber, and one hour after, subjected to analysis by gamma spectrometry in germanium (HPGe) for an hour. Subsequently, other measurements were made at scheduled times and sequential for one hour. The results were presented in report form and spectra, measures and graphs generated by Alpha Guard were also extracted. Finally we calculated the efficiency of the passive meter activated carbon. (author)

Magnetic resonance imaging pre- and postoperative evaluation of tetralogy of Fallot; Avaliacao pre e pos-operatoria da tetralogia de Fallot por ressonancia magnetica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bernardes, Renata Junqueira Moll; Simoes, Luiz Carlos [Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia (INC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Servico de Cardiologia da Crianca e do Adolescente; Marchiori, Edson [Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina. Dept. de Radiologia]. E-mail: edmarchiori@bol.com.br; Bernardes, Paulo Manuel de Barros; Gonzaga, Maria Beatriz Albano Monzo [Rede Labs/D' Or, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2004-08-01

The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the pre- and postoperative evaluation of patients with tetralogy of Fallot. Twenty patients aged 1 to 29 years were prospectively evaluated with black-blood and contrast-enhanced angiographic techniques, 11 with the classic form of tetralogy of Fallot and 9 with tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary atresia. MRI studies provided adequate visualization of the aorta that was classified as dilated or not dilated, and definition of its position in all cases. The use of contrast-enhanced MR angiographic techniques provided excellent imaging of the main right and left pulmonary arteries. The results suggest that MRI, including contrast-enhanced angiography techniques, is a useful tool in the evaluation of patients with tetralogy of Fallot before and after cardiac surgery since it provides important anatomical information that is not always obtained with echocardiography. MRI can be considered an alternative to cardiac catheterization, particularly in the evaluation of the pulmonary vascular anatomy. (author)

Preliminary results of the evaluation of biomass use as energy sources; Resultados preliminares da avaliacao do uso de biomassas como fontes de energia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rocha Ferreira, Leo da; Tourinho, Octavio A.F. [Instituto de Planejamento Economico e Social (IPES), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Inst. de Pesquisas

1985-12-31

This article discusses the preliminary results of the BIOMASSA model of IPEA with emphasis on three aspects: temporal and spatial crop mix patterns along the analysis horizon; evaluation of the social cost of alcohol fuel ; and the impact of alcohol production on the balance of payments. It concludes that the PROALCOOL increases domestic costs, but the impact on the balance of payments is positive and substantial. (author). 8 tabs

Evaluation of testosterone serum levels in testicular interstitial fluid under thyroxine influence; Avaliacao da testosterona no fluido intersticial testicular sob influencia da tiroxina

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Silva, Isvania Maria S. da; Pereira, Simey de L.S.; Souza, Grace Mary L.; Carvalho, Elaine F.M.B.; Catanho, Maria Teresa J. de A. [Pernambuco Univ., Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Biofisica e Radiobiologia; Silveira, Maria de Fatima G. da [Pernambuco Univ., Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Anatomia; Lima Filho, Guilherme L. [Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Nazare da Mata, PE (Brazil). Faculdade de Formacao de Professores

2000-07-01

The thyroid hormones possibly exert a reciprocal action between testicular steroids and Sertoli's cells during the premature period. This work aims to evaluate thyroxine effect on testosterone serum levels and in the testicular interstitial fluid (TIF) in rats. Wistar males rats, 22 days old, 80g of body weight, were induced to hyperthyroidism with thyroxine (20{mu}g/kg) in periods of 5, 10, 15 and 20 consecutive days. After the treatment the animals were weighed and sacrificed for blood and testis collection. From the blood serum and from the TIF drained from the testis were performed testes in order to obtain testosterone attached to {sup 125} I with a specific activity of 36,86 MBq/ig. The results have shown a testosterone significant lineal increase in both - serum and TIF - in the group treated with thyroxine as a time function. In the control group, testosterone levels remained low in both serum and TIF dosages. As a result, we were able to verify that the testosterone levels could be modified by thyroxine in serum and TIF. And so, it could affect luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in hypophysis. (author)

Dose evaluation in medical staff during diagnostics procedures in interventional radiology; Avaliacao da dose na equipe medica durante procedimentos diagnoticos de radiologia intervencionista

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Bacchim Neto, Fernando A.; Alves, Allan F.F.; Rosa, Maria E.D.; Miranda, Jose R.A. [Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, SP (Brazil). Instituto de Biociencias. Departamento de Fisica e Biofisica; Moura, Regina [Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, SP (Brazil). Departamento de Cirurgia e Ortopedia; Pina, Diana R., E-mail: bacchim@ibb.unesp.br [Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Doencas Tropicais e Diagnostico por Imagem

2014-08-15

Studies show that personal dosimeters may underestimate the dose values in interventional physicians, especially in extremities and crystalline. The objective of this work was to study the radiation exposure levels of medical staff in diagnostic interventional radiology procedures. For this purpose LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100) dosimeters were placed in different regions of the physician body. When comparing with reference dose levels, the maximum numbers of annual procedures were found. This information is essential to ensure the radiological protection of those professionals. (author)

Sensory evaluation of black beans submitted to gamma radiation from Cobalt-60; Avaliacao sensorial de feijao preto submetido a radiacao de Cobalto-60

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Moura, Neila Camargo de; Canniatti-Brazaca, Solange Guidolin; Spoto, Marta Helena Fillet, E-mail: sgcbraza@esalq.usp.b [Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, SP (Brazil). Dept. de Agroindustria, Alimentos e Nutricao; Arthur, Valter [Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA/USP), Piracicaba, SP (Brazil). Secao de Entomologia e Irradiacao de Alimentos

2005-04-15

The objective of this research was to evaluate the sensory aspects of black beans submitted to gamma radiation from {sup 60}Co. The study involved eight panelists, between 17 to 23 years old, who were selected and trained for the descriptive analysis of appearance, aroma, flavor and texture. The panelists analyzed alterations of appearance, aroma, flavor and texture of non-irradiated and irradiated black beans with doses 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10kGy. The results were analyzed by test F, ANOVA and the Tukey test (5%), with the use of computers and the sensory analysis software Compusense Five and SAS. The results showed that irradiated samples decreased the bitter flavor, accentuated color and brightness and samples non-irradiated dry texture. The radiation treatment is a good method for conservation of black beans in doses evaluated in this study.(author)

Assessment of natural radioactivity in wall paints of commercial use in Brazil; Avaliacao da radioatividade natural em tintas de uso comercial no Brasil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fonseca, Leandro Milhomens da

2016-11-01

Natural radioactivity in soils, rocks and construction materials, due to {sup 40}K and the natural series of {sup 232}Th and {sup 2}'3{sup 8}U, is the main contribution to external exposure in mankind. In this work, activity concentrations of {sup 226}Ra ({sup 238}U series), {sup 232}Th and {sup 4}'0K were determined for 50 white latex wall paints samples, commercialized in Brazil, namely 15 Economic quality samples, 15 Standard quality samples and 20 Premium quality samples and for a single titanium dioxide sample. The samples were tightly sealed and stored for a minimum period of 30 days, to reach the radioactive secular equilibrium from {sup 238}U and {sup 232}Th series, then measured by high resolution gamma ray spectrometry. The activity concentration was determined using the weighted average concentrations of {sup 214}Pb and {sup 214}Bi for {sup 226}Ra and {sup 228}Ac, {sup 212}Pb and {sup 212}Bi for {sup 232}Th. The {sup 4}'0K activity concentration was determined by its single transition of 1460.8 keV. Self attenuation correction factors of the samples whose densities are higher than 1.0 g.cm{sup -3}, were determined and used to make the necessary corrections. The radiological indices radium equivalent activity (Ra{sub eq}), activity concentration index (I{sub γ}), internal exposure risk index (H{sub in}) and external exposure risk index (H{sub ex}) and also the absorbed dose rate (D) and annual effective dose (D{sub ef}) were calculated from the activity concentrations of {sup 226}Ra, {sup 232}Th and {sup 40}K. The activity concentration values for {sup 226}Ra ranged from under the minimum detectable activity to 38.7 Bq.kg{sup -1}, for {sup 232}Th from under the minimum detectable activity to 101.2 Bq.kg{sup -1} and for {sup 40}K from under the minimum detectable activity to 256 Bq.kg{sup -1}. Ra{sub eq} ranged from 1.41 Bq.kg{sup -1} to 203 Bq.kg{sup -1}, I{sub γ} ranged from 0.0047 to 0.720, H{sub in} from 0.0076 to 0.653 and H{sub ex} from 0.0038 to 0.549. The absorbed dose rate ranged from 0.170 nGy.h{sup -1} and 21.3 nGy.h{sup -1} and the annual effective dose ranged from 0.83 μSv and 104.2 μSv. The results show that the activity concentrations of the wall paints studied in this work are below the recommended limits by Hassan et al. for Ra{sub eq} (370 Bq.kg{sup -1}), by European Commission for I{sub γ} (limit of 2 for superficial materials) and by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development for H{sub in} and H{sub ex} (both with limit of 1), for all the 50 samples, assuring the safety of these wall paints with respect to radiological protection. (author)

Evaluation of impact strength of polyamide 6/bentonite clay nanocomposites; Avaliacao da resistencia mecanica sob impacto de nanocompositos de poliamida 6/argila bentonitica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Paz, Rene A.; Leite, Amanda M.D.; Medeirosa, Vanessa da N., E-mail: rene@cct.ufcg.edu.b [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), PB (Brazil). Curso de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencia e Engenharia de Materiais; Araujo, Edcleide M.; Melo, Tomas J.A. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), PB (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia de Materiais; Pessan, Luiz A. [Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (DEMa/UFSCAR), SP (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia de Materiais

2010-07-01

Nanocomposites of polymer/clay have had much attention in recent years, particularly those developed with layered silicates due to the need of engineering materials more efficient than pure polymers for certain applications. The level of exfoliation of layered silicates in crystalline structure of polymer matrices has been studied and has been observed that they affect the crystalline behavior and the physical and mechanical properties. In this study, nanocomposites of polyamide 6 were obtained by the melt intercalation method, using a regional bentonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt in an amount of 3% by weight. XRD results showed that incorporation of salt among the layers of clay, making it organophilic and obtaining exfoliated and/or partially exfoliated structures. The impact properties of the nanocomposites showed inferior in relation to pure polyamide, in other words, lost of toughness. (author)

Evaluation of the aging of polymeric drilling fluids to oil wells; Avaliacao do envelhecimento de fluidos de perfuracao polimericos para pocos de petroleo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Farias, K.V.; Amorim, L.V. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, PB (Brazil). Unidade Academica de Engenharia Mecanica, UAEM/CCT - UFCG], e-mail: kassie@dem.ufcg.edu.br; Leite, R.S. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, PB (Brazil). Graduacao Engenharia de Materiais; Lira, H.L. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, PB (Brazil). Unidade Academica de Engenharia de Materiais, UAEMa/ CCT - UFCG

2010-07-01

The aim of this work is to evaluate the aging of polymeric drilling fluids to oil wells, from the rheological, filtration and lubricity properties in the temperatures 100 degree F ({approx} 38 degree C) and 150 degree F ({approx} 66 degree C). The results had been compared with a standard fluid used for the oil industry and had evidenced that the polymeric fluids had presented good thermal stability, presenting a small reduction in the rheological properties and better values of lubricity coefficient that a reference fluid. (author)

Evaluation of mechanical properties in stainless alloy ferritic with 5 % molybdenum; Avaliacao das propriedades mecanicas em ligas inoxidaveis ferriticas com 5% de molibdenio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lima Filho, V.X.; Gomes, F.H.F.; Guimaraes, R.F.; Saboia, F.H.C.; Abreu, H.F.G. de [Instituto Federal de Educacao, Ciencia e Tecnologia do Ceara (IFCE). Campus Maracanau, CE (Brazil)], e-mail: venceslau@ifce.edu.br

2010-07-01

The deterioration of equipment in the oil industry is caused by high aggressiveness in processing the same. One solution to this problem would increase the content of molybdenum (Mo) alloys, since this improves the corrosion resistance. As the increase of Mo content causes changes in mechanical properties, we sought to evaluate the mechanical properties of alloys with 5% Mo and different levels of chromium (Cr). Were performed metallography and hardness measurement of the alloys in the annealed condition. Subsequent tests were performed tensile and Charpy-V, both at room temperature. The results showed that 2% difference in the content of Cr did not significantly alter the mechanical properties of alloys. The alloys studied had higher values in measured properties when compared to commercial ferritic alloys with similar percentages of Cr. The high content of Mo resulted in a brittle at room temperature but ductile at temperatures above 70 degree C. (author)

Evaluation as a tool for planning: a case study on rural electrification; Avaliacao como instrumento de planejamento: estudo de caso em eletrificacao rural

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pereira, Marcio Giannini; Rodrigues, Alexia de Freitas; Paz, Luciana Rocha Leal da [Centro de Pesquisas de Energia Eletrica (CEPEL), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Camacho, Cristiane Farias [Fundacao Padre Leonel Franca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2008-07-01

The universalization of access of the electric energy is one of the goals established by the Brazilian government so as to attend the rural and urban population. The arrival of electric energy in remote and low income areas allows these populations to reach one of the basic conditions to improve the quality of life and citizenship. In order to achieve this goal efficiently, it is necessary to build tools that make possible the impact and process evaluation, searching the continuous improvement of the planning and decision making, either in the direction of the attendance of the proposed goals, or in the poverty mitigation. The knowledge originated from evaluation impact studies provides an important contribution to the improvement of social programs, and a return to society as how the public fund is being managed, promoting transparency and focus. In this context, tolls are developed so as to support the impact and process evaluation in terms of rural electrification publics policies, using a study case that includes about 23.000 questionnaires in 21 states, considering the moment before the access (ex-ante) and after (ex-post), during the years of 2000 and 2004. (author)

The use of MATLAB-SIMULINK for evaluation of thermal building behavior; O uso do MATLAB-SIMULINK para avaliacao do comportamento termico de ambientes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mendes, Nathan; Oliveira, Gustavo H.C.; Araujo, Humberto X. de [Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana, Curitiba, PR (Brazil). Lab. de Sistemas Termicos]|[Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana, Curitiba, PR (Brazil). Lab. de Automacao e Sistemas]. E-mail: nmendes@ccet.pucpr.br; oliv@ ccet.pucpr.br; araujo@ ccet.pucpr.br

2000-07-01

We describe a mathematical model applied to both building thermal analysis and control systems design. We use a lumped approach to model the room air temperature and a multi-layer model for the building envelope. The capacitance model allows to study the transient analysis of room air temperature when it is submitted to sinusoidal variation of external air temperature, representing a case study for the city of Curitiba-PR, Brazil. To evaluate the building performance with thermal parameters, we use MATLAB/SIMULINK. In the results section, we show the influences of thermal capacitance on the building air temperature and energy consumption and the advantages of using MATLAB/SIMULINK in building thermal and energy analysis as well. (author)

Proposal for a technical-economic and environmental evaluation projects for distributed generation; Proposta de avaliacao tecnica-economica-ambiental para projetos de geracao distribuida

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fortes, Marcio Zamboti [Universidade Severino Sombra, Vassouras, RJ (Brazil); Gouvea, Marcos Roberto [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil)

2008-07-01

The multi discipline effects in engineering projects, mainly in those of infrastructure, have extended the borders of research to not only evaluate them of the conventional point of view, economic and technical, but also environmental and social. On the other hand, the investor who traditionally searched alternatives only considering the economic and financial performance currently is taken to analyze also the social and environmental aspects. The model described in this paper is a solution proposal to evaluate the merit of an enterprise of distributed generation of thermal origin, considering the economic, social and environmental aspects, using merit indexes that quantify, directly, economic aspects as capital return tax and operating income eliminates, as well as social factors like the impact in the education, health, income and employment rates and still, it verifies the attendance of the environmental restrictions. The solution presented brings a simple and clear form to attribute a merit degree of aggregate to the alternatives to embed distributed generation, considering the intensity of the subjective social responsibility of the investor. The presented model is an important contribution to stimulate a form to evaluate and to prioritize the multi discipline implementation to a distributed generation enterprise, also being able, to be used as financial index or other incentives of the sort. (author)

Powder addition assessment of manganese residue ceramic matrix coating; Avaliacao da adicao do po de residuo de manganes em matriz ceramica para revestimento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Conceicao, A.C.R. da; Santos, O.C.; Leao, M.A., E-mail: arangel-ma@hotmail.com [Instituto Federal de Educacao, Ciencia e Tecnologia da Bahia (IFBA), BA (Brazil)

2016-07-01

The use of recycled materials in the composition of new products follows the production's worldwide trending, meeting new technological requirements and environmental concerns. This work aims to utilize the residue of manganese dust on ceramic mass for the production of ceramic coating. The raw materials were characterized by both x-ray fluorescence and diffraction. The powder residue added to clay in the percentage of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% (measured in weight) was compressed by a uniaxial pressing of 30MPa and the sintering temperatures were 900°, 1000° and 1100°. The samples were analysed in relation to flexural strength, bulk density, water absorption and linear shrinkage. The microstructural variation was also analysed by x-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. The results showed that there is a viability for the production of porcelain ceramic coating (A3 and A4 formulations) and stoneware (A2 formulation) according to the specification of technical standards. author)

Evaluation of the rheological behavior of drilling fluids in annular flow conditions; Avaliacao do comportamento reologico de fluidos de perfuracao no escoamento anular

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Silva, Maria das Gracas Pena; Martins, Andre Leibsohn; Oliveira, Antonio Augusto Junqueira de [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas. Div. de Explotacao

1988-12-31

The rheological behavior of drilling fluids during annular flow in a physical simulator well (Surface Hydraulic System - SHS)was investigated. Measurement of volumetric flow and pressure drop the 10-meter simulator well was used to assess applicability of the Bingham, power Law, Casson, and Herschell-Bulkley models to the annular flow of water and oil-based fluids under different temperatures. Additionally, under different pre-set deformation ranges, SHS-observed behavior was compared with behavior observed using the traditional Fann VG 35 A viscometer. (author) 8 refs., 21 figs., 15 tabs.

Evaluation of occupational exposure in interventionist procedures using Monte Carlo Method; Avaliacao das exposicoes dos envolvidos em procedimentos intervencionistas usando metodo Monte Carlo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santos, William S.; Neves, Lucio P.; Perini, Ana P.; Caldas, Linda V.E., E-mail: williathan@yahoo.com.br [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Belinato, Walmir; Maia, Ana F. [Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Sao Cristovao, SE (Brazil). Departamento de Fisica

2014-07-01

This study presents a computational model of exposure for a patient, cardiologist and nurse in a typical scenario of cardiac interventional procedures. In this case a set of conversion coefficient (CC) for effective dose (E) in terms of kerma-area product (KAP) for all individuals involved using seven different energy spectra and eight beam projections. The CC was also calculated for the entrance skin dose (ESD) normalized to the PKA for the patient. All individuals were represented by anthropomorphic phantoms incorporated in a radiation transport code based on Monte Carlo simulation. (author)

Evaluation of mobility potential of {sup 90}Sr in Brazilian soils; Avaliacao do potencial de mobilidade do {sup 90}Sr em solos brasileiros

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Viana, Aline Gonzalez

2007-07-01

In this document, the transfer mechanisms of {sup 90}Sr were studied in soil-plant systems from Brazil, integrating field and laboratory experiments. Some soil classes, with different physical and chemical properties, relevant to Brazil were selected. The soil classes included in this study were Oxisol, Alfisol and Nitisol. These soils were artificially contaminated with {sup 90}Sr for crop cultivation in lysimeters located at the experimental area of the Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria. The selected crops chosen to the root uptake studies were: corn (Zea mays, L.), cabbage (Brassica oleracea) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.). These cultures were chosen because they have varying absorption rates due to differences in the physiologic structures analyzed: grain, leaf and root. This study identified Nitisol, which contains clay of high activity, as having smaller transfer factor for all crops and these values were in the same order of magnitude as temperate climate values reported in the specialized literature: FT{sub corn}: 5,78E-3 (n=2); FT{sub radish}: 1,78 E0 (n=2); FT {sub cabbage}: 9,16E-1 (n=2). All other soils presented higher TF values, ranging from 1,93E0 to 4,06 E + 01 for radish (n=8), from 9,99 E-2 to 8,80 E0 for cabbage (n=16) and from 9,94 E-3 to 1,60 E-2 for corn (n=14). It was verified that the TF values for corn presented a significant linear correlation with the following properties of the soils: exchangeable Ca and Mg, Cation Exchange Capacity and Organic matter content (p=99,9%), corroborating the behavior described in the related literature. The TF values for cabbage presented significant correlation with exchangeable Ca and pH (p=99,9%), while no correlation between TF and soil properties where observed for radish. The results of sequential extraction evidenced the great {sup 90}Sr availability for transfer in the soil-plant system; nevertheless, physiological processes occurring in such unfertile soils (low CEC, low pH and low OM and nutrients content) improved the migration to lower layers in sol instead of uptake by roots. (author)

Evaluation of the elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) aiming the coal fuel production; Avaliacao do capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) visando o carvoejamento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Andrade, Joao Batista de; Ferrari Junior, Evaldo; Beisman, Darcy Antonio; Werner, Joaquim Carlos; Ghisi, Odete Maria A.A.; Leite, Vanderley Benedito de Oliveira [Instituto de Zootecnica, Nova Odessa, SP (Brazil)

2000-07-01

It was conducted, in the research farms of the Instituto de Zootecnia, at Nova Odessa and Brotas, 2 experiments to evaluate dry matter yield of elephant grass, cv Guacu, upon 4 rates of nitrogen (50, 100, 200 or 400 kg N/ha/year) and 3 cut frequencies (2, 3 or 4 cuts/year). The experiments were set in randomized block design, with 4 replications. The treatments were arranged in a 4 x 3 factorial. The dry matter yield increased as nitrogen rates increased and cut frequency decreased. (author)

Evaluation of renal allografts using {sup 99m} Tc mononuclear leukocytes; Avaliacao de transplantes renais utilizando-se {sup 99m} Tc-leucocitos mononucleares

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Souza, Sergio Augusto Lopes de; Martins, Flavia Paiva Proenca; Carvalho, Antonio Carlos Pires; Gutfilen, Bianca [Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina. Dept. de Radiologia]. E-mail: sergioalsouza@ufrj.br; Goncalves, Renato Torres; Pontes, Daniela Salomao [Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Servico de Nefrologia; Fonseca, Lea Mirian Barbosa da [Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina. Dept. de Medicina Nuclear

2004-02-01

Renal allograft acute rejection must be promptly diagnosed since its reversibility is related to the readiness in which treatment is initiated. The aim of this study was: to establish a quantitative method to evaluate kidney rejection and acute tubular necrosis (Attn); to assess the potential role of {sup 99m} Tc-mononuclear leukocytes scintigraphy in the diagnosis of renal rejection and differential diagnosis of Attn. One hundred and sixty studies were performed in 80 renal transplant patients at the first and fifth day after transplantation. Autologous cells were used for labeling. Images were obtained at 30 minutes, 3 hours and 24 hours after intravenous administration of 444 MBq (12 mCi) of labeled cells. There was abnormal labeled cells uptake in 27 of 31 cases of rejection and in 6 of 8 cases of Attn. The results of each patient were compared with clinical findings. Doppler scanning detected 18 of 31 cases of rejection. Rejection diagnosis sensitivity and specificity rates using scintigraphy were 87.1 per cent and 100 per cent, respectively, and 58.1 per cent and 100 per cent, respectively using ultrasound. Renal biopsy was performed in eight patients which demonstrated seven cases of rejection and one case of ATN. These results suggest that {sup 99m} Tc-mononuclear leukocytes imaging may be useful in the early diagnosis of rejection and in the differential diagnosis of ATN. (author)

Analyze the economic and environmental viability in distributed generation of electric power from renewable sources; Analise da viabilidade economica e socioambiental na geracao distribuida de energia eletrica a partir de fontes renovaveis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jantim Neto, Humberto [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), SP (Brazil)

2010-07-01

This paper brings a brief of economical and social environmental analysis about distributed electric's energy generation, based on a comparison to centralized generation. The motivation of the proposed analysis has its origin on a reflection about politics and scheming directed to Brazilian's energy sector. This study has renewable energy resources as setting, represented for Belo Monte generation's plant and undertaking registered on the Reservation's Energy Auction 2010. The study took into account economics and technical aspects, whereas the viability analysis was formed from benefits got from different forms of electric's generation. The conclusions of this shows that distributed electric's energy generation may have economics and socio environment benefits over centralized generation. (author)

Práticas de responsabilidade socioambiental nas empresas de capital aberto de Santa Catarina listadas na BM&FBOVESPA = Social responsibility practices in open capital companies from Santa Catarina listed on BM&FBOVESPA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniela Di Domenico

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar as práticas de ações de responsabilidade social corporativa das sociedades anônimas de capital aberto de Santa Catarina listadas na BM&FBovespa. A justificativa da pesquisa está atrelada à influência da evidenciação dessas informações para os investidores, pesquisadores e usuários das informações ambientais. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos o estudo caracteriza-se como exploratório quanto aos objetivos, documental em relação aos procedimentos e a abordagem do problema é predominantemente qualitativa. As empresas que fazem parte da amostra são: BRF S.A., BUETTNER S.A., CASAN, KARSTEN S.A e WEG S.A. Foram várias as práticas de responsabilidade social e ambiental evidenciadas, mas se pode identificar que todas têm como objetivo divulgar a empresa, além do objetivo principal da ação realizada. É possível destacar as principais práticas como sendo as ações e cuidados para o consumo consciente da água e energia, usando fontes que não sejam prejudiciais ao meio ambiente. Outra ação em destaque é o cuidado com a destinação dos resíduos sólidos e líquidos, gerados nos processos operacionais das empresas. A preocupação com a poluição da atmosfera também é evidente, por ser um dos principais problemas ambientais na atualidade.This article aims at identifying the practices of corporate social responsibility of corporations with open capital of Santa Catarina listed BM&FBovespa. The justification of this research is related to the influence of the disclosure of information for the investors, researchers and users of environmental information. In the methodological procedures, the study is characterized as exploratory as its goals, documental regarding the procedures and its approach to the problem is predominantly qualitative. The companies included in the sample are: BRF SA, BUETTNER SA, CASAN, KARSTEN SA and WEG SA. There were several social and environmental responsibility practices highlighted by the companies, but it was possible to identify that all the practices aim at promoting the company beyond its main objective of having an action performed. It may be highlighted key practices as being the actions and the care for the conscious consumption of water and energy, using sources which are not harmful to the environment. Another important action is in the care of the disposal of solid and liquid waste generated in the operational processes of companies. The concern about the air pollution is also very clear, since it is one of the main environmental problems nowadays.

Educação Ambiental: como implantá-la no meio rural?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emerson Juliano Lucca

2013-01-01

Full Text Available A finalidade deste artigo é, através do conceito de educação ambiental, promover uma reflexão sobre o processo de conscientização e preocupação com o meio ambiente, especialmente no meio rural, objetivando mobilizar produtores rurais a serem educadores ambientais. Extremamente integrada ao contexto atual, a Educação Ambiental, em sua definição mais modesta, visa o desenvolvimento de novas formas de relação dos homens entre si e com a natureza, a preservação dos recursos naturais e a redução das desigualdades sociais em prol de uma sociedade mais justa e sustentável. A Educação Ambiental é uma poderosa ferramenta na construção do comprometimento socioambiental almejado no meio rural. Isso porque, o processo desenvolvimentista, que no campo foi representado na figura da chamada modernização da agricultura, além de atingir seus objetivos de maximização da produtividade agrícola e, por conseguinte, aumento dos lucros dos produtores rurais, desencadeou conseqüências negativas, tais como desertificação, poluição do ar, da água e do solo, contaminação química dos alimentos, áreas florestais minimizadas, alterações no clima, entre outros problemas que ameaçam a paisagem natural. Portanto, para compreender a complexidade e amplitude das questões ambientais, é fundamental oferecer aos produtores rurais uma visão abrangente que englobe diversas formas de gestão ambiental e, ao mesmo tempo, uma visão contextualizada da realidade, o que inclui, além do ambiente físico, as suas condições sociais, culturais e uma maior diversidade de experiências. Dessa forma, através deste artigo de revisão bibliográfica e da análise da opinião de diferentes autores, procurou-se proporcionar maiores ensinamentos a respeito das questões ambientais aos agricultores, para que estes possam estabelecer uma ligação entre a teoria e sua realidade cotidiana, possibilitando a utilização destes conhecimentos em outras

Desenvolvimento sustentável, consumo e cidadania: um estudo sobre a (desarticulação da comunicação de organizações da sociedade civil, do estado e das empresas.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniela Viegas da Costa

2011-06-01

Full Text Available O consumo, na contemporaneidade, cumpre diferentes funções e implica múltiplas referências como construção social, porém, nos padrões atuais, é insustentável, tanto na perspectiva ambiental quanto da construção de direitos e da cidadania. Para compreender os desafios da construção de ações e políticas capazes de renovar as práticas de consumo, problematizam-se neste artigo as respostas aos dilemas do consumo construídas por atores da sociedade civil, do Estado e do mercado. O consumo sustentável se configuraria como uma das possibilidades de tratamento dos impactos do consumismo, pois envolve mudanças de atitude aliadas à necessidade de transformação do sistema das atitudes e dos valores dos cidadãos. Apesar de ainda não se observar a predominância de um novo modelo civilizatório capaz de superar os dilemas da sociedade do consumo, existem alternativas para promover a sustentabilidade. Esse esforço sugeriria a construção de articulações entre diferentes grupos, quer seja do governo, quer da sociedade civil, quer do mercado, para atender às demandas da população e adotar boas práticas de produção e consumo sustentáveis, por meio da ação política e do exercício da cidadania. Na pesquisa empírica, de abordagem qualitativa, com entrevistas em profundidade e análise descritiva, percebeu-se que a comunicação para a construção de discursos e práticas politicamente corretos para o consumo, por parte dos atores pesquisados, para torná-lo sustentável, nem sempre abarca a complexa relação que envolve o meio ambiente nas esferas pública e organizacional. Muito presente nos textos de relatórios empresariais, o desenvolvimento sustentável não é percebido na prática organizacional cotidiana. Nesse contexto, descortinam-se diferentes dramas e tramas da cidadania socioambiental que podem dar novo sentido às lutas ambientais no campo do consumo, bem como encobrir as armadilhas de um discurso

DE LA CUESTIÓN AGROPECUARIA, LAS ECONOMÍAS DE ENCLAVE Y LOS DESEQUILIBRIOS ECOLÓGICOS EN EL VALLE DE MALVAZÁ: UN ANÁLISIS ECONÓMICO DE IMPACTO AMBIENTAL THE ECONOMIES OF ENCLAVE AND THE ECOLOGICAL IMBALANCES IN MALVAZÁ's VALLEY: AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTE

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JUAN JOSÉ CAICEDO COLLAZOS

2008-12-01

Full Text Available A pesar de importantes avances en materia ambiental en Colombia, las dinámicas socioeconómicas que caracterizan los espacios rurales y urbanos influyen en la generación de desequilibrios ambientales, imprimiendo así, cierta singularidad al desarrollo sostenible de la nación. Los páramos como otros activos ambientales son objeto de formas específicas de relacionamiento, soportando graves procesos de degradación y transformación, originados principalmente en el cambio de uso del suelo, y el desarrollo de actividades sectoriales y agropecuarias inadecuadas. Este trabajo, hace uso de instrumentos de economía política del medio ambiente, para examinar la interacción compleja entre la sociedad y la naturaleza en el espacio geográfico del corregimiento de Gabriel López, asumiendo el análisis de la coyuntura y la estructura socio-productiva de la zona, los principales impactos ambientales sobre el Páramo de Las Delicias; y realizando una estimación monetaria de las alteraciones en el bienestar de los moradores del lugar frente a la problemática. Para concluir señalando elementos de juicio para la construcción de un mecanismo de incentivos que soporte el entramado socio-ambiental en la zona.In spite of important advances in environmental matter in Colombia, the socioeconomic dynamics that characterize the rural and urban spaces influence in the generation of environmental imbalances, stamping, certain singularity like that on the sustainable development of the nation. The high plateaus like other environmental assets are an object of specific forms of relationship, supporting serious processes of degradation and transformation, originated principally in the change of use of the soil, and to the development of sectorial and agricultural inadequate activities. This work makes use instruments of political economy of the environment, to examine the complex interaction between the society and the nature in the geographical space of Gabriel

Evaluation of doses from radiodiagnostic procedures performed in veterinary medicine and assessing of the doses of secondary radiation in the medical staff and animal owners; Avaliacao das doses resultantes de procedimentos radiodiagnosticos realizados em medicina veterinaria e avaliacao das doses secundarias de radiacao espalhada no corpo clinico e nos proprietarios dos animais

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Veneziani, Glauco Rogerio

2012-07-01

The primary goal in veterinary radiography is to produce radiographs of diagnostic quality on the first attempt. This goal serves three purposes: (1) to decrease radiation exposure to the patient and veterinary personnel; (2) to decrease the cost of the study for the client; and (3) to produce diagnostic data for rapid interpretation and treatment of the patient. This work aimed to determine the doses in dogs submitted to chest and abdomen X rays using the technique of thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetry. The radiation doses were assessed using thermoluminescent dosimeters of calcium sulphate doped with dysprosium (CaSO{sub 4}:Dy) and lithium fluoride doped with magnesium and titanium (LiF:Mg,Ti). The obtained results indicate that is extremely important the assessment of radiation doses involved in veterinary diagnostic radiology procedures, to evaluate the delivered doses to the animals, to be used as a parameter in the individual monitoring of pet's owners, who assist the animal positioning, and to protect occupationally exposed workers at the Veterinary Radiology Clinics. (author)

Evaluation of bioactivity in vitro of endodontic calcium aluminate cement; Avaliacao da bioatividade in vitro de cimento endodontico a base de aluminato de calcio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oliveira, I.R.; Andrade, T.L.; Santos, G.L., E-mail: ivonero@univap.br [Universidade do Vale do Paraiba (UNIVAP), Sao Jose dos Campos, SP (Brazil); Pandolfelli, V.C. [Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCar), SP (Brazil)

2011-07-01

Bioactivity is referred to as the capacity of a material to develop a stable bond with living tissue via the deposition of hydroxyapatite. Materials which exhibit this property can be used to repair diseased or damaged bone tissue and can be designed to remain in situ indefinitely. An indication of bioactivity can be obtained by the formation of a hydroxyapatite layer on the surface of a substrate in simulated body fluids (SBF) in vitro. Therefore, set samples of calcium aluminate endodontic cement were maintained in contact with SBF solutions (Kokubo and Rigo) and their surfaces were later evaluated by means of SEM, EDX and DRX. Measurements of pH and ionic conductivity were also carried out for SBF solutions in contact with set samples of endodontic cement. The ideal conditions of precipitation were obtained in SBF Rigo been observed a surface layer with spherical morphology characteristic of stoichiometric hydroxyapatite.(author)

Characterization and evaluation of residue 'grits' of the cellulose industry; Caracterizacao e avaliacao do resisduo 'grits' da industria de celulose

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Destefani, A.Z.; Santos, M.M.; Holanda, J.N.F. [Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (LAMAV/CCT/UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ (Brazil). Lab. de Materiais Avancados

2010-07-01

The cellulose industry generates huge amounts of solid waste residue called 'grits'. These wastes have been willing over time in landfills near the mills. However, this type of disposal is not environmentally friendly and can cause degradation and environmental pollution. In addition, environmental legislation increasingly severe and the high costs of landfill have led the search for new alternatives for final disposition of this abundant waste. In this context, this study is to characterize waste grits, generated by the cellulose industry in the region of Aracruz-ES. The residue samples were characterized in terms of chemical composition, X-ray diffraction, particle size distribution and thermal analysis (DTA and TGA). The characterization of the residual 'grits' demonstrated its potential as a feedstock for production of soil-cement bricks. (author)

Evaluation of the repeatability of dosimetric parameters of a linear accelerator beam; Avaliacao da repetibilidade de parametros dosimetricos do feixe de um acelerador linear

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Morelli, Humberto A.S.; Oliveira, Harley F. de; Silva, Maelson do N.; Pavoni, Juliana F., E-mail: h.morelli@hotmail.com [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina. Servico de Radioterapia

2016-07-01

This study aims to evaluate the repeatability of symmetry and flatness of the photon beam of 6 MV linear accelerator Oncor Impression, Siemens, from the Radiotherapy Department of the Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto - USP. In total they were collected 102 measures, weekly, through two-dimensional detector of ionization chambers, Matrixx Evolution, IBA Dosimetry, connected to a computer with software OmniProI'mrt. The isocenter of the linear accelerator was placed in the center of the sensitive volume of the detector with solid water plates above and below these. Data were collected with 100 UM, with field size 10 x 10 cm². The flatness and symmetry values were calculated by the software used. The first measurement of this work was used as reference, the others were compared with it, taking into account the values of permissible variation for these parameters. The minimum, maximum and average value were analyzed. The literature indicates that the flatness and symmetry values should not vary by more than 2 and 3%, respectively. The results of this work show that the values of these parameters for the linear accelerator study are within the permissible variations in protocols and are therefore able to appropriate clinical use. (author)

Evaluation of pollution effects in transmission lines located in industrial areas; Avaliacao dos efeitos da poluicao em linhas de transmissao situadas em regiao industrial

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Kanashiro, Arnaldo G.; Burani, Geraldo F. [Sao Paulo Univ., SP (Brazil). Inst. de Eletrotecnica e Energia; Nascimento, Iara R. [Eletricidade de Sao Paulo SA, SP (Brazil)

1995-12-31

This work aims to determinate a correlation between the pollution levels and electric power transmission lines maintenance procedures in order to establish the necessary procedures for specific pollution levels. The methodology is presented. The results obtained in field tests and bench scale tests are presented and discussed. The so called pollution equivalent is determined for each site of the transmission line studied and maintenance procedures are established 6 refs., 5 figs., 4 tabs.

Geographic information systems as a tool for environmental evaluation of hydropower potential; Sistemas de informacoes geograficas como ferramenta para avaliacao ambiental de potenciais hidreletricos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dzedzej, Maira; Correa, Fabio; Malta, Joao [IX Consultoria e Representacoes Ltda, Itajuba, MG (Brazil); Flauzino, Barbara Karoline [IX Consultoria e Representacoes Ltda, Itajuba, MG (Brazil); Universidade Federal de Itajuba (UNIFEI), MG (Brazil); Santos, Afonso Henriques Moreira [MS Consultoria Ltda, Itajuba, MG (Brazil); Universidade Federal de Itajuba (UNIFEI), MG (Brazil)

2010-07-01

The hydropower plants are responsible for much of the energy generated in the country, there is also a large hydro potential in Brazilian rivers. This form of power generation is considered renewable and fits into the concept of sustainable development, however, social and environmental impacts from the implementation of hydropower projects are known and widely discussed, especially when it comes to large plants. In this context, study the environmental analysis of potential hydropower was incorporated at various stages of the studies implementation, in order to, identify environmental factors and that will restrict or impede construction, to obtain the best option for the environment, evaluate the role and of social and environmental impacts, contribute to improving the design and functionality of the enterprises in order to reduce overall costs, minimize conflicts and assist in preserving the environment. To fulfill these functions to a satisfactory and reliable level, it the study has increasingly used the techniques, tools and applications of Geographic Information Systems in the process of environmental assessment, since they provide procurement, integration, visualization and data analysis of natural resources, its uses and protection, offering greater security and speed in decision making. This paper presents some applications of GIS in environmental assessment processes, developed mainly in the steps of estimating hydropower potential, hydropower inventory, basic design and environmental licensing. (author)

Development of a irradiator for brachytherapy: preliminary evaluation of accuracy and repeatability; Desenvolvimento de um irradiador para braquiterapia: avaliacao preliminar de precisao e repetibilidade

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Damaso, Renato S.; Campos, Tarcisio P.R. [Minas Gerais Univ., Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia Nuclear]. E-mail: damaso@nuclear.ufmg.br; campos@nuclear.ufmg.br

2000-07-01

Brachytherapy is a technique of treatment for cancer which that provides the placement of sources near the tumor region, reducing the exposure of healthy regions. We are developing a project of a irradiator that move several discrete gamma sources assembled on the extremity of flexible shafts. The irradiator has the capacity to achieve the individual placement of the sources automatically, reducing the radiation exposure of the clinical body. The equipment is constituted by a mechanic body which produces the displacement of the shafts, a shielding cylinder repository of sources and electronic system of monitoring and control. The present work illustrates the use of the equipment to simulate the placement of sources foreseen in clinical treatment for cancer by intracavitary or interstitial brachytherapy. Precision and repeatability of placement will be discussed. (author)

Exergy and thermoeconomic evaluation of hydrogen production from natural gas; Avaliacao exergetica e termo-economica da producao de hidrogenio a partir do gas natural

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cruz, Flavio Eduardo da [PROMON Engenharia Ltda., Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Oliveira Junior, Silvio de [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Escola Politecnica

2008-07-01

Some specific processes are required to obtain pure hydrogen and the most usual one is the natural gas reforming, where natural gas reacts with superheated steam producing H{sub 2}, CO, CO{sub 2} and H{sub 2}O. This paper presents exergy and thermoeconomic analysis of a complete hydrogen production unit of a petroleum refinery. The hydrogen production unit analysed in this paper has to supply 550,000 Nm{sup 3} of hydrogen per day to purify diesel oil. Based on a synthesis plant of the hydrogen production unit, the exergy efficiency of each component and of the overall plant are calculated. The hydrogen production cost is determined by means of a thermoeconomic analysis in which the equality cost partition method is employed, including capital and operational costs, in order to determine the production cost of hydrogen and other products of the plant.(author)

Economic and financial evaluation of the wind power project in Northeast region, Brazil; Avaliacao economico-financeira de projeto de central eolica na regiao nordeste

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rocha, Paulo Glicio da; Lima, Maria Angela de Queiroz; Melo Junior, Adalberto de Bastos [Companhia Hidro Eletrica do Sao Francisco (DFPL/CHESF), Recife, PE (Brazil). Div. de Planejamento Economico-Financeiro], Emails: paulogr@chesf.gov.br, angelq@chesf.gov.br, adalbert@chesf.gov.br; Bezerra, Pedro; Bittencourt, Rogerio [Companhia Hidro Eletrica do Sao Francisco (DEFA/CHESF), Recife, PE (Brazil). Div. de Projetos de Fontes Alternativas], E-mails: pbezerra@chesf.gov.br, rogeriob@chesf.gov.br

2000-07-01

This work deals with the analysis of economic and financial feasibility of using wind power in the Northeast region for electric power production, considering the new electricity sector model. The case study presented here refers to the design of a 50 MW Wind Farm in the region, based on preliminary data from wind collected in the period from 1993 to 1995. Some programs were used to evaluate this project: ALWIN, which estimates the potential for wind energy production; NEWAVE for determination operating marginal costs and generation plants values and ANAFIN, for economic and financial evaluation of the project, using scenarios, through the deterministic and probabilistic analysis.

Magnetic resonance imaging textural evaluation of posterior cranial fossa tumors in childhood; Avaliacao textural por ressonancia magnetica dos tumores da fossa posterior em criancas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santos, Joelson Alves dos; Costa, Maria Olivia Rodrigues da; Otaduy, Maria Concepcion Garcia; Lacerda, Maria Teresa Carvalho de; Leite, Claudia da Costa [Sao Paulo Univ., SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina. Dept. de Radiologia]. E-mail: joelson_alves@ig.com.br; Matsushita, Hamilton [Sao Paulo Univ., SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina. Dept. de Neurologia

2004-08-01

Objective: To distinguish healthy from pathological tissues in pediatric patients with posterior cranial fossa tumors using calculated textural parameters from magnetic resonance images. Materials And Methods: We evaluated 14 pediatric patients with posterior cranial fossa tumors using the software MaZda to define the texture parameters in selected regions of interest representing healthy and pathological tissues based on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between normal and tumoral tissues as well as between supposedly normal tissues adjacent and distant from the tumoral lesion. Conclusion: Magnetic resonance textural evaluation is an useful tool for determining differences among various tissues, including tissues that appear apparently normal on visual analysis. (author)

Study and evaluation of radiometry in photo therapeutic treatment of the neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia; Estudo e avaliacao da radiometria no tratamento fototerapico da hiperbilirrubinemia neonatal

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Caly, Jose Pucci

2009-07-01

Phototherapy is a procedure established more than 50 years ago in the treatment of the newborn jaundice. However there is no a standard method to quantify the photo therapeutic dose in published clinical studies, hindering the comparison of previous studies on photo therapeutic effectiveness, as well as the establishment of safe and predictable doses. The photo therapeutic dose depends, among other factors, on the effective mean irradiance produced by the photo therapeutic unit. There are no standard procedures, however, neither to quantify the effective irradiance, nor to estimate the mean effective irradiance. As a consequence, large measurement variations in a same photo therapeutic unit are observed using different commercially available radiometers, as a consequence of the vast diversity of spectral responsivities of the instruments. An objective of this work was to adapt and to apply the bases of the wideband ultraviolet radiometry to quantify the available irradiance from photo therapeutic units, establishing procedures that allow us to compare measured irradiances from different sources, using radiometers presenting different spectral responsivities. Another objective was to characterize samples of photo therapeutic units commonly used, focusing the problem of the estimation of the effective mean irradiance from photo therapeutic units, proposing a method to estimate of the effective irradiance from focused sources. The experimental results allow us to conclude that it is not only necessary to standardize the photo therapeutic radiometry, but also the method of estimation of the effective mean irradiance. (author)

Evaluation of a wood chipping system for eucalyptus tops for energy; Avaliacao de um sistema de cavaqueamento de ponteiras de eucalipto para aproveitamento energetico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Canto, Juliana Lorensi do [Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN (Brazil); Machado, Carlos Cardoso; Souza, Amaury Paulo de; Sant' Anna, Cleverson de Mello [Departamento de Engenharia Florestal da Universidade Federal de Vicosa, UFV, MG (Brazil)], E-mails: machado@ufv.br, amaury@ufv.br, cleverson@ufv.br; Seixas, Fernando [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, ESALQ], E-mail: fseixas@esalq.usp.br

2011-11-15

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and to estimate costs of a wood chipping system for tree tops, which are considered residuals from wood harvesting, to be used for energy. The study was developed in a forest industry in the Para State, located in the north region of Brazil. The system was comprised by one wood chipper, two forwarders and one front loader. Data collection was based on time study, fuel consumption and chips load weighting. System average productivity was 17.51 tonnes per effective hour. Machine utilization rate was 51.9% due to many delays, mainly for repair and maintenance of the chipper. Chips transportation was considered to be the critical point of the system, due to some lack of trucks available for blowing chips. The system can produce between 94 and 162 times more energy than the energy consumed. System cost per effective hour was R$ 376.56, which means R$ 21.51/tonne of chips or R$ 2.70/G J. (author)

Assessment of effect of chemical treatment to carnauba's fibers straw; Avaliacao do efeito de tratamento quimico as fibras da palha de carnauba

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carvalho, T.M.P. de; Carvalho, L.F.M.; Oliveira, R.R. de; Sousa, F.M.S. de; Sousa, R.C. de; Marques, J.R., E-mail: thaismarjore.pc@gmail.com [Instituto Federal de Educacao, Ciencia e Tecnologia do Piaui (IFPI), Teresina, PI (Brazil)

2016-07-01

The use of natural fibers in composite materials has been highlighted in the scientific field. However, its application in polymer matrices usually requires surface modifications. The objective of this work was to treat carnauba's straw fibers with NaOH 1 % and NaOH 5% solutions and measure the water absorption. We used the X-ray diffraction (XRD configuration “Bragg- Brentano) for verification of the crystalline phases and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify functional groups. The alkali treatment allowed the solubilization of the hemicellulose and lignin without causing changes to cellulose, as indicated by FTIR spectrophotometry and by the increase in crystallinity content. The samples showed the typical peaks of constituents of the fiber. The natural fiber showed an average water absorption of 256 %; fiber treated with NaOH 1%, 315 %; and treated with NaOH 5%, 405 %. Therefore, it is evident improvement in hydrophilicity, fundamental aspect in the interaction fiber / matrix. (author)

Selection and ordering of contingencies for evaluation of voltage safety conditions; Selecao e ordenacao de contingencias para avaliacao das condicoes de seguranca de tensao

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moura, Ricardo Drumond de

2002-10-01

Although the use of compensation of reactive power allows a higher loading in the electric system, it leads it to work closer to voltage collapse situations. Therefore it's necessary to assess the behavior of the system regarding to this phenomena in the occurrence of the contingencies. In this work some existing methods are studied to check the capacity of ranking the contingencies that might affect the system, and how these methods rank them by severity and select those which are more damaging. The methods are studied having as the main focus the real-time operation. This work proposes a method which is able to rank and select a list of probable contingencies, having as a basis, nodal indexes of voltage security conditions assessment. These indexes are based on MV A margin to the maximum loading, indicate the region of operation on V x P,Q curve, and the relative importance among buses. The sensitivity index which indicates the reduction of the power margin before a contingency, is studied in detail. Besides the nodal analysis, it is proposed a form of a systemic analysis which is able to rank and select the contingencies according to their influence upon all electrical system. (author)

Evaluation of the bleaching flux in clays containing hematite and different clay minerals; Avaliacao do fundente descolorante em argilas contendo hematita e diferentes argilominerais

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva Junior, E.M.; Lusa, T.; Silva, T.M.; Medeiros, B.B.; Santos, G.R. dos [Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana (DAMEC/UFTPR), Pato Branco, PR (Brazil); Morelli, M.R., E-mail: geocrisr@utfpr.edu.com, E-mail: morelli@power.ufscar.br [Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (DEMa/PPGCEM/UFSCar), SP (Brazil)

2016-07-01

Previous studies have shown that the addition of a synthetic flux in a clay mineral constituted by illite phase in the presence of iron oxide with the hematite, promotes color change of the firing products, making the reddish color firing into whiteness. This flow is constituted of a vitreous phase of the silicates family obtained by fusion/solidification of oxides and carbonates. Thus, the objective of this work was that of studying the interaction of the iron element in the final color mechanism of the different types of mineral crystal phase of the clays. In order to study the phenomenon, we obtained different compositions between the select clays and the synthetic flow, and characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and visual analysis. The results showed that the action of the synthetic flow as a modifying agent for color depends on the mineral crystal phase of the clays. The color firing modification does not occur in the clays content high levels of kaolinite mineral phase. (author)

Assessment of low density polyethylene characteristics for hazardous waste immobilization; Avaliacao das caracteristicas do polietileno de baixa densidade visando a imobilizacao de rejeitos perigosos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cota, Stela; Carvalho, Larissa Lara de; Pacheco, Graziella Rajao Cota; Oliveira, Tania Valeria de; Senne Junior, Murillo; Pacheco, Raquel R. Janot [Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear (CDTN), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil)]. E-mail: sdsc@cdtn.br

2005-07-01

This paper analyses the properties of low density polyethylene (LDPE) to allow choosing the more suitable to be used as matrices for radioactive and hazardous waste immobilization. Four virgin and recycled LDPE, with different melting index, were evaluated by extrusion and compressive strength tests. A preliminary immobilization test has been carried out using a simulated waste and one of the evaluated polymers and the homogeneity of the final waste product was determinate by the analysis of the material density. (author)

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) evaluation of carotenoids in irradiated guavas; Avaliacao por cromatografia liquida de alta eficiencia (CLAE) de carotenoides em goiabas irradiadas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lima, Keila S. Cople; Vital, Helio C. [Centro Tecnologico do Exercito (CTEx), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Secao de Defesa Nuclear]. E-mail: keilacople@ig.com.br; Lima, Antonio L. Santos; Pereira, Maria Helena G. [Centro Tecnologico do Exercito (CTEx), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Secao de Quimica]. E-mail: stolima@ipd.eb.br; Godoy, Ronoel L. Oliveira; Fonseca, Marcos J.O. [Embrapa Agroindustria de Alimentos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)]. E-mail: ronoel@ctaa.embrapa.br

2005-07-01

The use of ionizing gamma irradiation has shown very effective as an auxiliary technology for the decrease of post-harvest waste, grains disinfestation, pathogenic microorganisms control, increase in shelf life for meats, fruits, vegetables and bulbs and tubercles sprouts inhibition, maintaining nutritional quality. The carotenoids are pigments widely found in fruits and vegetables and are beneficial to human being health. This work was undergone using the irradiator with cesium source at the Army Technological Center, Brazil, with maximum dose rate of 2 kGy per hour. The objective is to evaluate the low gamma radiation doses (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 kGy) influence in the total carotenoid and content lycopene in guavas CV Pal uma, with excellent weight classification. The total carotenoid content was extracted from the guava with acetone and moved to petroleum ether and determined by spectrophotometer at 450 nm. The determination of lycopene was accomplished by HPLC. The results showed that, in spite of lycopene loss with irradiation, the best dose was 0.5 kGy. (author)

Evaluation of effects of ionizing radiation on materials used in dental restorations;Avaliacao dos efeitos da radiacao ionizante em materiais utilizados em restauracoes dentarias

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Maio, Mireia Florencio

2009-07-01

This work consisted of quantitative studies of the effects caused by ionizing radiation on materials used in dental restorations (Titanium, Amalgam, Resin Composite and Glass Ionomer) aiming the deleterious effects of radiotherapy when patients with tumors in head and neck, arising when the teeth are restored within in the field of radiation. Samples were submitted to X-ray beams of 6 MV from a linear accelerator, VARIAN 2100C model. The samples were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence techniques to compare the chemical composition before and after the irradiation. The sample were submitted to Geiger-Mueller detectors and the ionization chambers in order to verify any residual radiation in the samples. The samples were also analyzed by gamma spectrometry by a Germanium detector. These tests were performed to determine small changes in the composition in the samples due to the radiation interaction. The results of this study may encourage the development of new research for alternative materials in dental restorations that can contribute to improve the quality of life of those patients with tumors of the mouth. (author)

Evaluation of nano emulsion containing asphaltenes dispersant additive in dehydration of oil; Avaliacao de nanoemulsoes contendo aditivo dispersante de asfaltenos na desidratacao de petroleo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oliveira, Priscila F. de; Rodrigues, Jessica S.; Mansur, Claudia R.E. [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro/ Instituto de Macromoleculas/ Laboratorio de Macromoleculas e Coloides na Industria de Petroleo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)], e-mail: prisfrias@hotmail.com

2011-07-01

Due to the problem of the formation of emulsions type water-oil during oil production, new alternatives of the breakdown of these emulsions have been proposed over the years. Several polymers have been used to destabilize these emulsions and among them are those based on polyphenylene ether. The aim of this study was to develop nanoemulsions type oil / water, where an asphaltenes dispersant additive was dissolved in dispersed phase in order to evaluate them as a new alternative in the breakdown of oil emulsions. The nanoemulsions were prepared in the presence of surfactant based on polyoxide using a high pressure homogenizer (HPH). We obtained stable nanoemulsions for more than 30 days in the presence or absence of additive. These nanoemulsions were effective in water /oil phase separation, and the nanoemulsion containing the dispersant additive provided a faster separation of these phases. (author)

Residual stress evaluation and curvature behavior of aluminium 7050 peen forming processed; Avaliacao da tensao residual em aluminio 7050 conformado pelo processo peen forming

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oliveira, R.R. de; Lima, N.B., E-mail: rolivier@ipen.b, E-mail: nblima@ipen.b [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Braga, A.P.V.; Goncalves, M., E-mail: anapaola@ipt.b, E-mail: mgoncalves@ipt.b [Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnologicas (IPT), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2010-07-01

Shot peening is a superficial cold work process used to increase the fatigue life evaluated by residual stress measurements. The peen forming process is a variant of the shot peening process, where a curvature in the plate is obtained by the compression of the grains near to the surface. In this paper, the influence of the parameters such as: pressure of shot, ball shot size and thickness of aluminum 7050 samples with respect to residual stress profile and resulting arc height was studied. The evaluation of the residual stress profile was obtained by sin{sup 2} {Psi} method. (author)

Evaluation of the life cycle of integrated production of ethanol and biodiesel; Avaliacao do ciclo de vida da producao integrada de etanol e biodiesel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Souza, Simone Pereira de [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), SP (Brazil)], email: sp.souza@yahoo.com.br; Pacca; Sergio Almeida [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Escola de Artes, Ciencias e Humanidades], email: spacca@usp.br

2010-07-01

Sugarcane and palm are amongst the crops with the highest yields, which can reach 6 to 7.5 thousand liters of ethanol per hectare year and 4 to 6 metric tons of oil per hectare year, respectively. A joint production of biofuels from these crops is an interesting alternative for life cycle assessment improvement through fossil fuel and greenhouse gas emissions reduction, besides energy efficiency gains. The objective of this work is comparing the Brazilian production system sugarcane ethanol with an integrated system proposal where the ethanol and palm biodiesel are produced together. This comparative study is based on a life cycle approach using the ISO 14.044/2006 and appropriate indicators. Production systems in Cerrado, Cerradao and grassland ecosystem were considered. The energy balance, carbon balance and land use change were evaluated. The integrated system includes a 100% substitution of biodiesel by diesel, which is used in life cycle agriculture stages. Distinct fractions of sugarcane used for sugar production were assessed. When all sugarcane is sent to sugar production, ethanol is produced by molasses. The data were collected by direct observation method by questionnaire and secondary sources. Three sugarcane mills situated in Sao Paulo state and a palm mill located in Para state were surveyed. Results showed a 164% increase in energy balance for the joint production system in comparison to the traditional system. Besides this, the joint production system demonstrated a 24% GHG emission reduction. For ethanol production by molasses, the energy balance was up to 59% and 162% higher in scenarios 1 and 2, respectively, which differ each other through of the boiler that was utilized. For GHG emission, the reduction can reach 91%. The land use change identify an average ecosystem carbon payback time for Cerrado, Cerradao and Degraded Grassland of 5, 10, and -5 years, respectively. In conclusion, the joint production system of sugarcane ethanol and palm biodiesel presents an improvement in energy balance, GHG emissions and land use change impacts in comparison to the traditional ethanol system. (author)

Kerma rate evaluation in the air in a room interventional cardiology; Avaliacao da taxa de Kerma no ar em uma sala de cardiologia intervencionista

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Real, Jessica V.; Luz, Renata M. da, E-mail: jessica.real@pucrs.br, E-mail: renata.luz@pucrs.br [Hospital Sao Lucas (HSL/PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil); Fröhlich, Bruna D.; Silva, Ana Maria Marques da, E-mail: bruna.frohlich@acad.pucrs.br, E-mail: ana.marques@pucrs.br [Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil)

2014-07-01

In recent years, the number of interventional cardiology procedures is increasing. However, due to the long time of fluoroscopy in these procedures, care teams can receive high doses of radiation. The radiation scattered by the patient is not uniform, and their assessment is of utmost importance. This study aimed to estimate and map the kerma rate in the air at the time of the gonads, in an interventional cardiology room, seeking to optimize the dose absorbed by individuals occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation. For data collection, the room was divided into quadrants of 1m{sup 2}, totaling 40 collection points. The simulator was positioned so that its entry surface was located in the interventional reference point. Were chosen the conditions that simulate angiography and angioplasty procedures performed in the service. The data were obtained for height of 1 meter, gonad region. The results obtained for kerma rates in air, in quadrants, show that higher measured values was in the vicinity of the X-ray tube. Has been found that the medical staff are more exposed, because of its location during the procedure, around the table. The law of the inverse square distance of the farthest points of the X-ray tube were verified.

Evaluation of advanced oxidative processes in contaminated soil of the Pernambuco state; Avaliacao dos processos oxidativos avancados num solo contaminado do estado de Pernambuco

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, Paula T.S. e [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Quimica; Santos, Suenia S. [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia Quimica; Barros Neto, Benicio de [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Quimica Fundamental; Dorea, Haroldo S. [Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju, SE (Brazil); Motta Sobrinho, Mauricio A. da; Silva, Valdinete L. da [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil)

2004-07-01

In this work were used the following techniques of advanced oxidative processes: hydrogen peroxide, Fenton reagent and heterogeneous photocatalysis (TiO2). These processes have shown as an alternative technology to the treatment of some environmental matrices. The soil studied was contaminated by an oil mixture proceeding from an emptying in the patio of an industry of the state of Pernambuco. This soil has about 14,5 g/Kg of total organic carbon and 3400 mg/kg of TPH. Two planning factorial 23 were composed: one in relation to hydrogen peroxide and the other to titanium dioxide, in order to find the best conditions for the contaminant degradation. The variables and the studied levels for the former was: FeSO4 - 0,18 M (without, 4 and 8 ml); Adjustment of pH (3, without, without); Time of exposition to the sun (8h, 12h, 16h). The volumes of used peroxide in the assays were 80 and 40 ml. In relation to the second planning, were studied the following conditions: TiO2 (g) (without,5;0,75;1,0), volume H2O (0, 2,5 and 5 ml) and time of exposition to the sun (8, 40, 72h). In relation to the first planning a destruction of 84% of the oil was achieved. However, in relation to 2nd the planning non-significant degradation was obtained, and to study other conditions ought to be investigated. (author)

Occupational exposure prevention program to oil and gas industry; Antecipacao, reconhecimento, avaliacao e controle dos riscos ambientais em uma planta de petroleo e gas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moraes, Paulo Sergio de [TRANSPETRO - PETROBRAS Transporte S.A., Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Palierini, Renato Martins [TWA Brasil, Sao Caetano do Sul, SP (Brazil)

2005-07-01

PETROBRAS/TRANSPETRO Pipelines and Terminals have 500 regular employees and 5.064 out sourced workers in its Southeast Division. The out sourced employees work under 125 contracts involving a wide range of activities such as maintenance, pipeline operation, pipeline launching, engineering, administrative and auxiliary services. Among these workers, 1.200 peoples are subjected to occupational exposure, which may be present in the industrial process or in the products transported in our pipelines, e.g. industrial noise, sulfidric gas, toluene, xylene and benzene (recognized as a carcinogen according to ACGIH and Brazilian Ministry of Labour). Our PPRA (acronym in Portuguese for Occupational Exposure Prevention Program) involves the workforce and fosters health by anticipation, recognition, evaluation and control of the situations that may result in injuries. Further actions include the procurement of equipment for detection of these agents not only in the air but also diluted in liquids and the introduction of state-of the- art technologies for a better process control. The priority is the acquisition of equipment for collective protection not forgetting the individual protection equipment (IPE) and the required training. Implementation of this program counted on the effective involvement of the managers, contract supervisors and HSE professionals whose main task was to advise all involved parts on the use the Risk Analysis Methods tailored for Occupational Hygiene. Furthermore, these information will be used in a info system called SD-2000 that will gather and compare Health, Hygiene e Human Resources data in order to support the professional in the management and decision making process. (author)

Assessing the quality of energy supplied by small renewable energy systems; Avaliacao da qualidade da energia fornecida por sistemas renovaveis isolados de pequeno porte

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Galhardo, Marcos Andre Barros; Pinho, Joao Tavares [Universidade Federal do Para (UFPA), Belem, PA (Brazil). Grupo de Estudos e Desenvolvimento de Alternativas Energeticas], e-mail: galhardo@ufpa.br, E-mail: jtpinho@ufpa.br

2004-07-01

This paper makes an analysis of the power quality supplied by small renewable energy systems with energy storage in a battery bank and its DC/AC conversion by an inverter. It is shown that the power quality supplied by stand-alone renewable systems depends on the used inverter, specially of its voltage waveform, the load supplied and the voltage level in the battery bank, which has a direct influence on the value of the rms output voltage of the inverter. For these analysis, measurements are presented for typical loads used in these systems as illumination, TV, refrigerator, etc., and combinations of these loads, supplied by different waveforms. (author)

Method for evaluating the applicability and application rate wastes in soil; Metodo para avaliacao da aplicabilidade e taxa de aplicacao de residuos em solo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Linhares, Monica Moreira [Partime (Brazil); Seabra, Paulo Negrais [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas

1991-01-01

Land treatment of refinery solid wastes has been practiced in the last few years by some PETROBRAS refineries. The biodegradation process is dynamic and complex, and incorrect monitoring may destroy the potential of the soil. Due to great differences both in terms of soils and of residues, each case must be monitored individually. We therefore developed a monitoring method for land farming systems based on the impact of the waste on indigenous soil microbial populations. The method is extremely simple, requiring only a gas chromatograph to evaluate the CO{sub 2} evolution, and can detect possible causes for low efficiency biodegradation processes. Conditions should then be altered, to ensure adequate functioning of the system.The method also allows for determination of the applicability of candidate wastes and of acceptable waste application rates in soil. (author) 2 refs., 7 figs.

Evaluation of the normal thoracic and abdominal aorta diameters by computerized tomography; Avaliacao dos diametros normais da aorta toracica e abdominal pela tomografia computadorizada

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lucarelli, Claudio Luiz

1995-07-01

The study was undertaken to evaluate, through computerized tomography, the diameters of the normal thoracic and abdominal aorta, as well as they are connected to gender, age and body surface area; and the ratio between measurements obtained at the ascending and descending limbs of the thoracic aorta, and between the abdominal aortic diameters. For that reason, we measured the widest anteroposterior diameters of the thoracic aortas at the levels of the arch, the root, the pulmonary artery, and the thoracic-abdominal transition, as well as the level of the emergence of the superior mesenteric artery, of the renal hila and just cephalad to the bifurcation of the abdominal aortas of 350 patients without cardiovascular diseases who had undergone computerized tomography of the thorax and/or abdomen for any other reasons. Observation and statistic analyses led us to conclude that: 1) both the thoracic and abdominal aortic diameters are reduced from their proximal to their distal portions; 2) the body surface influences the size of the aorta, although only extreme variations alter the vessel's caliber; 3) vessel diameter was observed to gradually increase with age; 4) men were found to have larger diameters than age matched women; 5) the ratio between the ascending and descending aortic diameters varies according to gender and age; 6) the relations between abdominal aortic diameters measured at the level of renal hila and cephalad to the bifurcation are independent from gender and age. But the relation between those measured at the level of the superior mesenteric artery and cephalad to the bifurcation are linked to gender, but not to age. (author)

Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of antinociceptive activity of novel isoxazolyl-aryl-hydrazones; Sintese e avaliacao preliminar de atividade antinociceptiva de novas isoxazolil-aril-hidrazonas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reis, Silvio Leandro Goncalves Bomfim; Almeida, Valderes Moraes de; Almeida, Gleybson Correia de; Boaviagem, Karinna Moura; Mendes, Charles Christophe du Barriere; Faria, Antonio Rodolfo de, E-mail: rodolfo@ufpe.b [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Ciencias Farmaceuticas; Goes, Alexandre Jose da Silva; Magalhaes, Laudelina Rodrigues; Silva, Teresinha Goncalves da [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Antibioticos

2011-07-01

New 2-isoxazoline aldehydes were synthesized, in good yields, from cycloadduct of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction between endocyclic enecarbamate and carboethoxyformonitrile oxide (CEFNO). Condensation of these 2-isoxazoline aldehydes with several phenyl-hydrazines produced new isoxazolyl-aryl-hydrazones, which showed low toxicity and excellent antinociceptive activity, when compared to dipyrone. The antinociceptive activity of isoxazolyl-aryl-hydrazones was performed using the acetic acid-induced mice abdominal constrictions test. (author)

Biodegradation evaluation of recycled polyethylene doped with Moringa oleifera oil; Avaliacao da biodegradacao de filmes de polietileno reciclado dopados com oleo de Moringa oleifera

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bicalho, Luciana A.; Novack, Katia M.; Melo, Tania M.S., E-mail: knovack@iceb.ufop.br [Dept. de Quimica (DEQUI) - Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG (Brazil)

2011-07-01

Chemical modifications and use of additives are some of the mainly ways to obtain polymer materials with especial properties. Vegetable oils incorporated to polymers preserve their structure while make possible a reduction of degradation rate. This work proposed the use of polyethylene, one of the most common polymer commodities, because of its low cost and wide application. In this project it was verified the possibility of making polymer materials with properties of a natural product through the incorporation of Moringa oleifera oil to recycled low density polyethylene (LDPEr) in different proportions. The films were buried for different times and their degradation was evaluated.) Samples were characterized by DSC, TGA and XRD. It was observed that samples doped with Moringa oil showed lower degradation time. (author)

A model for economic evaluation of the use of Adsorbed Natural Gas (ANG); Modelo de avaliacao economica do uso do Gas Natural Adsorvido (GNA)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Azevedo, Diana C.S.; Cavalcante Junior, Celio L.; Torres, A. Eurico B.; Oliveira Junior, Jose A.; Medeiros, Vanildo M. de [Universidade Federal do Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, CE (Brazil); Campos, Flavio B.; Moura, Newton R. de [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas (CENPES). Gerencia de Gas e Energia; Campos, Michel F. [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Gerencia de Tecnologia de Gas e Energia; Alexandre, Francisco de Assis Souza

2004-07-01

Natural gas is currently transported by two main ways: through pipelines and stored in reservoirs, under compressed (CNG) or liquefied (LNG) forms. Adsorbed natural gas (ANG) is a third alternative to vessel storage, which has been intensively reported in the scientific and technical literature. Working pressures are considerably lower for ANG (3,5 MPa as compared to 25 MPa for CNG), which results in lower costs with vessel construction and compression and safer handling. The project ADSPOR, sponsored by PETROBRAS and part of the R and D portfolio of RedeGasEnergia, aims to assess the technical and economical feasibility of storing and transporting natural gas confined in carbon adsorbents. The objectives of this project are the production of high-capacity active carbons, the collection of adsorption data for NG storage and the economic evaluation of ANG. The present work presents a model for cost estimation of the ANG business, which comprises from the compression into ANG vessels until the distribution to the final costumer, taking into account several shipping modes. The variables involved in the model were: compression costs, equipment and materials technical data, costs with product handling and shipping costs for motor ways, railways and inland waterways. These variables were linked so as to generate a cost matrix that may be used to assess investment and calculate the final cost for GNA transport. The model may be used to carry out parameter sensitivity analysis, for decision-making and management purposes. (author)

A regulatory model for conformity evaluation in natural gas building installations; Um modelo regulatorio para avaliacao da conformidade das instalacoes prediais de gas natural

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fossa, Alberto Jose; Santos, Edmilson Moutinho dos [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Inst. de Eletrotecnica e Energia

2008-07-01

The challenge of the Brazilian growth needs to consider necessarily the energy arrangements, and natural gas has relevant participation in this matter. The possibility of its end use that make possible an effective adequacy of our energy matrix must be supported by modern concepts of quality and conformity. In this particular, the program of 'Tecnologia Industrial Basica' (TIB), including concepts and application of conformity evaluation processes, is considered basic for the construction of a consistent gas market. This paper present the Brazilian reality related to TIB aspects and elements, from which it constructs a technician and regulatory building gas installations model proposal for a conformity evaluation program in the country. (author)

Evaluation of differential risk of arrest of drilling and polymeric fluids; Avaliacao do risco de prisao diferencial de fluidos de perfuracao hidroargilosos e polimericos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sarmento, L.R.B.; Lira, D.S.; Nascimento, R.C.A.M.; Amorim, L.V. [Universidadde Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), PB (Brazil)], Email: ligia_rafa@hotmail.com

2010-07-01

This work evaluates the risk of differential sticking (DS) of clay and water based drilling fluids, before and after adding polymer and lubricant additives, and polymeric fluids. From the results, it was concluded that the addition of lubricant to the clay and water based fluids reduces the torque necessary to free the pipes that are stuck by differential pressure, as for the polymeric fluids presented the lowest filtration losses, cake thickness, differential sticking coefficient and DS risk. (author)

Evaluation of the normal thoracic and abdominal aorta diameters by computerized tomography; Avaliacao dos diametros normais da aorta toracica e abdominal pela tomografia computadorizada

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lucarelli, Claudio Luiz

1995-07-01

The study was undertaken to evaluate, through computerized tomography, the diameters of the normal thoracic and abdominal aorta, as well as they are connected to gender, age and body surface area; and the ratio between measurements obtained at the ascending and descending limbs of the thoracic aorta, and between the abdominal aortic diameters. For that reason, we measured the widest anteroposterior diameters of the thoracic aortas at the levels of the arch, the root, the pulmonary artery, and the thoracic-abdominal transition, as well as the level of the emergence of the superior mesenteric artery, of the renal hila and just cephalad to the bifurcation of the abdominal aortas of 350 patients without cardiovascular diseases who had undergone computerized tomography of the thorax and/or abdomen for any other reasons. Observation and statistic analyses led us to conclude that: 1) both the thoracic and abdominal aortic diameters are reduced from their proximal to their distal portions; 2) the body surface influences the size of the aorta, although only extreme variations alter the vessel's caliber; 3) vessel diameter was observed to gradually increase with age; 4) men were found to have larger diameters than age matched women; 5) the ratio between the ascending and descending aortic diameters varies according to gender and age; 6) the relations between abdominal aortic diameters measured at the level of renal hila and cephalad to the bifurcation are independent from gender and age. But the relation between those measured at the level of the superior mesenteric artery and cephalad to the bifurcation are linked to gender, but not to age. (author)

Evaluation of performance of electronic dosimeters for individual monitoring: tests in laboratory; Avaliacao do desempenho de dosimetros eletronicos para monitoracao individual: testes em laboratorio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garzon, W.J.; Khoury, H.J.; Barros, V.S.M. de, E-mail: wjaramig@gmail.com [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife (Brazil). Departamento de Energia Nuclear. Laboratorio de Metrologia das Radiacoes Ionizantes; Medeiros, R.B. [Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Departamento de Diagnostico por Imagem

2015-07-01

Electronic dosimeters based on direct ion storage technology are being widely used in many countries for individual monitoring in many applications of ionizing radiation. However, their use as routine dosimeter has been established in a few countries due to lack of accreditation or intercomparison programs. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of two direct íon storage dosimeters model available in the international market: the Miriom-Instadose-1 and RADOS DIS-1 to be eventually accepted for individual monitoring in Brazil. (author)

Evaluation of gels obtained from acetylation of chitosan in heterogeneous medium; Avaliacao de geis obtidos a partir da acetilacao da quitosana em meio heterogeneo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garcia, Rosangela Balaban; Silva, Dayse Luzia Pinheiro da; Costa, Marta [Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN (Brazil). Dept. de Quimica]. E-mail: balaban@digi.com.br; Raffin, Fernanda Nervo [Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRGN), Natal, RN (Brazil). Centro de Ciencias da Saude. Dept. de Quimica, Tecnologia Farmaceutica e de Alimentos; Ruiz, Naira Machado da Silva [Centro de Pesquisa Leopoldo A. Miguez de Mello (CENPES), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2008-07-01

Chitosan was acetylated during 2, 5 and 10 h and physical gels were obtained at different polymer concentrations in N,N-dimethylacetamide containing 5% of LiCl. Acetylation was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and {sup 13}C NMR, and degrees of acetylation in the range of 0.82-0.91 were determined by NMR. The O-acetylation degree (0.12-0.15) was exclusively determined by a volumetric method. Rheological studies showed that the storage modulus values were smaller for the more acetylated samples and increased with the temperature and the polymer concentration. All the gels presented storage modulus superior to loss modulus, evidencing more elastic than viscous characteristics. The results obtained in this work suggest a gelation process based on a balance between O and N-acetylation and intermolecular bonds. (author)

Residual stress evaluation and curvature behavior of aluminum 7050 peen forming processed; Avaliacao da tensao residual em aluminio 7050 conformado pelo processo peen forming

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oliveira, Rene Ramos de

2011-07-01

Shot peening is a superficial cold work process used to increase the fatigue life evaluated by residual stress measurements. The peen forming process is a variant of the shot peening process, where a curvature in the plate is obtained by the compression of the grains near to the surface. In this paper, the influence of the parameters such as: pressure of shot, ball shot size and thickness of aluminum 7050 samples with respect to residual stress profile and resulting arc height was studied. The evaluation of the residual stress profile was obtained by sin{sup 2} {psi} method. The results show that the formation of the curvature arc height is proportional to the shot peening pressure, of spheres size and inversely proportional to the thickness of the sample, and that stress concentration factor is larger for samples shot peened with small balls. On final of this paper presents an additional study on micro strain and average crystallite size, which can evaluate the profile of the samples after blasting. (author)

Evaluation of mechanical properties of nanocrystalline Ti-Mo-Fe-Sn alloys system; Avaliacao de propriedades mecanicas de ligas nanocristalinas do sistema Ti-Mo-Fe-Sn

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rocha, M.O.A; Vidilli, A.L.; Afonso, C.R.M., E-mail: andre.vidilli@gmail.com [Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCar), SP (Brazil)

2014-07-01

The Ti-6Al-4V, widely used in biomaterials, exhibits elastic modulus (E) of approximately 110GPa, which is significantly higher than the one of human bone (E = 10 to 30 GPa). In this project, a process of rapid solidification was utilized in 4 different alloys of Ti-Mo-Fe-Sn, in order to produce ultrafine nanocrystalline eutectic alloys, which present high strength (1800-2500 MPa), low elastic modulus (50-110 GPa) and good corrosion resistance. The alloys Ti{sub 62}Fe{sub 30}Mo{sub 8}, Ti{sub 56}Fe{sub 30}Mo{sub 8}Sn{sub 6}, Ti{sub 63}Fe{sub 23}Mo{sub 8}Sn{sub 6}, Ti{sub 60}Fe{sub 23}Mo{sub 8}Sn{sub 9} show Vickers microhardness de, respectively, 745 (1mm), 733 (1mm), 609 (1mm) e 651(1mm) HV. The characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X- ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated the presence of a β-Ti (bcc) matrix and the intermetallic TiFe and Ti{sub 3}Sn phases, and the microstructure were formed by dendrites, and eutectic constituents, which were present in the compositions Ti{sub 62}Fe{sub 30}Mo{sub 8}, Ti{sub 56}Fe{sub 30}Mo{sub 8}Sn{sub 6}, Ti{sub 63}Fe{sub 23}Mo{sub 8}Sn{sub 6}, Ti{sub 60}Fe{sub 23}Mo{sub 8}Sn{sub 9}. (author)

Diagnosis and evaluation of surveying examination by intracranial tumor in dogs CT; Diagnostico e avaliacao topografica de neoplasias intracranianas pelo exame de TC em caes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Romaldini, Andre Fonseca; Santos, Debora Rodrigues dos; Oliveira, Juliana Messias; Abreu, Felipe Andrei Suarez; Wallace, Verena; Pacheco, Eduardo Nelson da Silva, E-mail: andreromaldini@gmail.com [Hospital Santa Ines de Sao Paulo, Santana, SP (Brazil)

2012-07-01

The use of computed tomography (CT) revolutionized image diagnostic in veterinary medicine and currently can be considered one of the most useful tools for the imaging evaluation of intracranial tumor in dogs. Computed tomography of the brain in small animals allows visualization of intracranial tumor, compression of adjacent structures such as cerebral parenchyma, falx or lateral ventricles, and evaluate secondary hemorrhages and edema. The CT imaging provides essential information to indicate the surgical approach for a possible tumor resection or biopsy, including the correct location and boundaries structures involved, and also can be used to monitor the clinical treatment. However, only histopathological examination is able to confirm the final diagnosis. (author)

Interstitial pulmonary alterations in visceral leishmaniasis: evaluation with high-resolution computed tomography; Alteracoes pulmonares intersticiais na leishmaniose visceral: avaliacao pela tomografia computadorizada de alta resolucao

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Costa, Norma Selma Santos; Cerri, Giovanni Guido [Sao Paulo Univ., SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina. Dept. de Radiologia

1999-08-01

Visceral leishmaniasis, also called kala-azar, is a disease caused by a protozoan, the Leishmania donovani chagasi, that comprises reticuloendothelial system with involvement of the liver, spleen and bone marrow. It is endemic in some areas of northeastern Brazil and other countries of Latin America and Africa. The pathogenesis is related to the immunologic system of patients that present with the inability to activate the phagocytosis of the macrophages. As occurs in the liver and kidneys, the lungs are also involved with interstitial abnormalities caused by Leishmania that are not dependent upon the presence of the parasite. The histopathologic changes described are the involvement of inter alveolar septal in three different phases, irregularly and diffusely throughout the whole pulmonary parenchyma. This work analyzed high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the thorax in 17 patients with visceral leishmaniasis in order to detect and characterize the abnormalities described in the anatomo pathologic findings reported in the literature. The HRCT is being used to evaluate chronic interstitial lung disease in a good correlation with histologic findings. The most common findings detected by HRCT were the reticular opacities that include peribronchovascular interstitial thickening and interlobular septal thickening an ground-glass opacity. The HRCT suggests that similar changes to that found in alveolar structures may occur in the secondary pulmonary lobule and that the involvement in the parenchymal interstitium represents the findings reported by pathological studies in visceral leishmaniasis. (author)

Assesment of the behavior of chitosan emulsions in the treatment of oily waters; Avaliacao do comportamento de emulsoes de quitosana no tratamento de aguas oleosas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Grem, Izabel Cristina S.; Almeida, Sarah M.; Queiros, Yure G.C.; Mansur, Claudia R.E. [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro/ Instituto de Macromoleculas/Laboratorio de Macromoleculas e Coloides na Industria de Petroleo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)], E-mails: celias@ima.ufrj.br, izabelgrem@ima.ufrj.br, yuregomes@ima.ufrj.br

2011-07-01

Chitosan, due to the presence of amino and hydroxyl groups in its structure has been applied in different fields, but the use of chitosan in the treatment of oily waters is still a subject rarely addressed. Thus, emulsions of chitosan solutions in hexane or water were prepared and their behavior were evaluated in reducing the oil content in synthetic oily waters. Experimental results obtained in this initial study showed that the emulsions prepared were effective in oil removal of treated water. Moreover, we observed that this efficiency seems to be related to the droplets size distribution of chitosan solution dispersed in the nanoemulsions. (author)

Ergonomics in the licensing and evaluation of nuclear reactors control room; A ergonomia no licenciamento e na avaliacao de salas de controle de reatores nucleares

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santos, Isaac Jose Antonio Luquetti dos [Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear (IEN), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Vidal, Mario Cesar Rodriguez [Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Coordenacao dos Programas de Pos-graduacao de Engenharia. Programa de Engenharia de Producao

2002-07-01

A nuclear control room is a complex system that controls a thermodynamic process used to produce electrical energy. The operators interact with the control room through interfaces that have significant implications to nuclear plant safety and influence the operator activity. The TMI (Three Mile Island) accident demonstrated that only the anthropometric aspects were not enough for an adequate nuclear control room design. The studies showed that the accident was aggravated because the designers had not considered adequately human factor aspects. After TMI accident, the designers introduce in the nuclear control room development only human factors standards and human factors guidelines. The ergonomics approaches was not considered. Our objective is introduce in nuclear control room design and nuclear control room evaluation, a methodology that. includes human factors standards, human factors guidelines and ergonomic approaches, the operator activity analysis. (author)