Le LHC, un tunnel cosmique

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2009-01-01

Et si la lumière au bout du tunnel du LHC était cosmique ? En d’autres termes, qu’est-ce que le LHC peut nous apporter dans la connaissance de l’Univers ? Car la montée en énergie des accélérateurs de particules nous permet de mieux appréhender l’univers primordial, chaud et dense. Mais dans quel sens dit-on que le LHC reproduit des conditions proches du Big bang ? Quelles informations nous apporte-t-il sur le contenu de l’Univers ? La matière noire est-elle détectable au LHC ? L’énergie noire ? Pourquoi l’antimatière accumulée au CERN est-elle si rare dans l’Univers ? Et si le CERN a bâti sa réputation sur l’exploration des forces faibles et fortes qui opèrent au sein des atomes et de leurs noyaux, est-ce que le LHC peut nous apporter des informations sur la force gravitationnelle qui gouverne l’évolution cosmique ? Depuis une trentaine d’années, notre compréhension de l’univers dans ses plus grandes dimensions et l’appréhension de son comportement aux plus peti...

Coordination de la sécurité de l'installation du LHC et de ses expériences

CERN Document Server

Vadon, M

2005-01-01

La coordination de sécurité pour l'installation du LHC et de ses expériences a été mise en place lors du démantèlement du LEP. Depuis, les contractants et les surveillants de chantier ont fait beaucoup de progrès en matière de sécurité et les procédures en vigueur sont maintenant suivies. Néanmoins, des accidents et incidents se produisent encore et pourraient être facilement évités. Un incident important, des dommages sérieux aux équipements, ou pire un accident mortel affecteraient sérieusement le projet LHC. L'analyse des causes des accidents récents révèle toujours une marge d'amélioration, en particulier en ce qui concerne l'analyse à priori des procédures l'installation et des méthodes de travail. L'intégration des aspects de sécurité dès la phase de conception et l'application stricte des règles dans tout le projet sont les clefs pour une meilleure sécurité des chantiers. Ceci ne peut être réalisable que si la sécurité est abordée de la même manière que la qualit...

Asymétrie de charge et mesures angulaires des bosons W dans l’expérience ATLAS auprès du LHC

CERN Document Server

Blanchard, Jean-Baptiste

2011-01-01

The LHC is a proton collider, buried 100 meters below the franco-swiss border, built to work at sqrt(s) = 14 TeV. First collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV occurred in the beginning of 2010, starting officially new particles hunting, like Higgs boson, super-symmetric partner... First data have also been used to do precision measurements in order to check detector performances and constrain many Standard Model parameters. The latter will be the main topic of this thesis. The work presented within this manuscript can be split in two different parts aiming to a common goal: reduce possible bias and systematic errors to provide a first precise W boson mass measurement at the LHC. On a technical aspect, an analysis has been done on the liquid argon in which lies calorimeters, in order to understand temperature fluctuation and quantify its effect on the electron energy scale. On the other hand, attention has been focused on polarization effects, by developing and proposing three new measurements : quantification of their...

L’Association du personnel, le TREF, le Comité des Finances et le Conseil du CERN

CERN Multimedia

Staff Association

2016-01-01

L’Association du personnel, forte de son approche participative et consensuelle, recherche toujours le meilleur accord possible pour l’Organisation et son personnel. Pour ce faire, discussions et concertation avec la Direction, travail d’explication et de persuasion au TREF et ailleurs auprès des délégués des États membres sont nos principaux atouts. TREF (Tripartite Employment Conditions Forum), un Forum d’échanges, de discussions « L’objectif du Forum est d’améliorer le processus de prise de décision  en donnant aux personnes concernées la possibilité et le temps de comprendre pleinement la position de tous les participants. » (CERN/RTG/8) Le Forum tripartite sur les conditions d’emploi (TREF), créé par le Conseil du CERN en juin 1994, est composé de r...

Study of dimuon spectrometer tracking chambers of the ALICE experiment at LHC; Etude des chambres de trajectoire du spectrometre dimuons de l'experience ALICE aupres du LHC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kharmandarian, Liliane [Institut de Physique Nucleaire, CNRS - IN2P3, Universite Paris - Sud, 91406 Orsay Cedex (France)

1999-12-16

The ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) experiment will study ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in CERN as of 2005. An extensive R and D programme has been carried out on the dimuon spectrometer tracking chambers at the Nuclear Physics Institute in Orsay. Three multiwire proportional chamber prototypes with segmented cathodes, including a full-scale 1 m{sup 2} version, were constructed. In this thesis, the experimental tests are presented along with the simulations used to understand and optimize the detectors' performances. The prototypes were tested several times at the PS and SPS accelerators. The aims were to validate the choices made in terms of mechanical construction, geometrical parameters, gas mixture and read-out electronics. Analysis of the large amount of data collected has shown that the performances of this type of detector fulfill the required specifications. The results concerning the detectors' characteristics, spatial resolution efficiency, gain and homogeneity are given. Spatial resolutions of less than thirty microns were obtained. In parallel with the in-beam tests, several simulations have been developed in order to gain a better understanding of the detectors' response. They allowed, in particular, to define the segmentation of the cathode plane, to study the position reconstruction algorithm and to establish the future electronics specifications. (author)

Groupement des anciens du CERN et de l'ESO

CERN Document Server

GAC-EPA

2011-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le Mardi 13 avril de 13h30 à 16h00 Salle de conférence de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 4 mai, 1er juin, 7 septembre, 5 octobre, 2 novembre et 7 décembre. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants !) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. * * * * * Le Comité du GAC-EPA vous informe de la tenue de son Assemblée générale ordinaire 2011 Vendredi 25 mars 2011 à 14h00 dans l’Amphith&e...

Groupement des anciens du CERN et de l'ESO

CERN Document Server

GAC-EPA

2011-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le Mardi 8 mars de 13h30 à 16h00 Salle de conférence de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 13 avril, 4 mai, 1er juin, 7 septembre, 5 octobre, 2 novembre et 7 décembre. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants !) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. * * * * * Le Comité du GAC-EPA vous informe de la tenue de son Assemblée générale ordinaire 2011 Vendredi 25 mars 2011 à 14h00 dans l’Amphithé&...

Conception et réalisation de l'unité de décision du système de déclenchement de premier niveau du détecteur LHCb au LHC

CERN Document Server

Laubser, Julien

2007-01-01

Le detecteur LHCb est l'une des quatre experiences de physique des particules installees sur la nouvelle chaine d'acceleration LHC (Large Hadron Collider) du CERN a Geneve. Afin de reduire la quantite de donnees destinees au stockage pour les analyses hors ligne, un dispositif de selection en ligne des collisions interessantes selon la physique a etudier est mis en place en parallele de la chaine d'acquisition des donnees. Ce dispositif est compose d'un premier niveau(niveau 0) realise par un systeme electronique complexe et d'un second niveau de selection realise par informatique HLT (High Level Trigger). L'unite de decision de niveau 0 (L0DU) est le systeme central du niveau 0 de declenchement. L0DU prend la decision d'accepter ou de rejeter la collision pour ce premier niveau a partir d'une fraction d'informations issues des sous-detecteurs les plus rapides (432 bits a 80 MHz). L'unite de decision est un circuit imprime 16 couches integrant des composants de haute technologie de type FPGA (Field Programmab...

Causes of Accidents Near Accelerators and Radiation Protection Arrangements; Causes d'accidents aupres des accelerateurs et dispositions de radioprotection

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Joffre, H; Vialettes, H [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1968-07-01

The authors present, first, some typical accidents mentioned in bibliography or happened in CEA Research Centers. The accidents are analysed to precise the main cause and get some experience. Then the authors study the interest of a centralized control for security, detection and signalling devices used near every important accelerator. (author) [French] Les auteurs presentent, tout d'abord, quelques accidents typiques rapportes dans la bibliographie ou survenus dans les Centres de Recherches du CEA. Ces accidents sont analyses pour en preciser la cause principale et en degager les enseignements. Enfin les auteurs etudient l'interet d'un controle centralise des dispositifs de securite, de detection et de signalisation mis en oeuvre aupres de tout accelerateur important. (auteur)

Le français du tourisme dans le contexte universitaire chinois : analyse comparative des besoins

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

LI Lu

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Cette recherche vise à dévoiler la situation de l’enseignement du français du tourisme dans le contexte universitaire chinois. A travers une analyse des besoins, nous tâchons de vérifier si la formation actuelle correspond aux besoins des apprenants ainsi qu’à la demande du marché du travail. Des enquêtes ont été menées auprès d’étudiants, d’enseignants et de professionnels. Les résultats montrent que les publics se diversifient avec des besoins variés et que la rupture de l’ensei gnement avec le secteur professionnel est évidente. Trois propositions sont ainsi formulées en vue de fournir des conseils à l’amélioration et à l’innovation de la formation du français du tourisme dans les universités chinoises.

Du gris au vert - L'espoir reprend racine dans les hautes terres d ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

15 déc. 2010 ... Renforcer le leadership en matière de politiques parmi les travailleurs de la santé qui œuvrent auprès de patients atteints du VIH/sida. Les travailleurs de la santé doivent posséder le leadership et les capacités en matière de recherche et d'élaboration de politiques requis pour con.

RÉSULTATS DE L’ENQUÊTE DE L’ASSOCIATION DU PERSONNEL AUPRÈS DU PERSONNEL : VOS PRIORITÉS

CERN Multimedia

Staff Association

2014-01-01

Cet article est le premier d’une série qui donnera plus de détails sur les résultats de l’enquête de l’Association du personnel réalisée auprès du personnel. Afin de connaitre vos priorités ainsi que l’évolution de vos préoccupations au cours de la dernière décennie, nous étudions comment, grâce à nos trois dernières enquêtes, vous avez choisi parmi une liste de 15 thèmes  les cinq plus importants, classés par ordre de priorité décroissant. Vous trouverez ci-dessous la liste des quinze thèmes accompagnés d’une description courte. L’évolution de la carrière (classification, niveau de recrutement, avancement, promotion) Le niveau de salaires La politique familial...

M. G.-F. Leclerc, Préfet de la Haute-Savoie lors de sa visite dans le tunnel du LHC au Point 2 avec D. Delikaris, Département Technologie; dans la caverne de l'expérience ALICE avec B. Erazmus, Collaboration ALICE et lors de la signature du livre d'or avec F. Bordry, Chef du Département Technologie. P. Fassnacht, Conseiller au Bureau des Relations internationales présent.

CERN Multimedia

Jean-Claude Gadmer

2013-01-01

M. G.-F. Leclerc, Préfet de la Haute-Savoie lors de sa visite dans le tunnel du LHC au Point 2 avec D. Delikaris, Département Technologie; dans la caverne de l'expérience ALICE avec B. Erazmus, Collaboration ALICE et lors de la signature du livre d'or avec F. Bordry, Chef du Département Technologie. P. Fassnacht, Conseiller au Bureau des Relations internationales présent.

Les accidents, fléaux méconnus en agriculture. De la solidarité facultative à la solidarité obligatoire : pour une histoire sociale du monde agricole

OpenAIRE

Michard, Claire-Élise

2008-01-01

À la fin du 19e siècle, un grand pas s’accomplit en matière d’accidents du travail. Toutefois, la loi du 9 avril 1898 protège les travailleurs de l’industrie, mais non pas ceux de l’agriculture. Cette situation résulte de causes diverses. L’agriculture est alors un secteur protégé par des hommes politiques qui ont besoin du vote et du soutien rural pour appuyer la République naissante. Les agriculteurs et leurs familles peuvent s’assurer contre les conséquences des accidents auprès de la Mutu...

Cryogénie hélium et efficacité énergétique: L'expérience du LHC au CERN

CERN Document Server

Claudet, S; Tavian, L

2012-01-01

Résumé La supraconductivité et la cryogénie hélium associée sont devenues des technologies clés des grands équipements de recherche en physique, et en particulier des accélérateurs de particules. Le coût thermodynamique du fonctionnement à basse température impose à leurs systèmes cryogéniques une haute efficacité énergétique dans la gestion des charges thermiques, la distribution des fluides et la production de froid, obtenue par une approche intégrée couvrant toutes les phases du projet, de la conception préliminaire jusqu'à l'exploitation. L'expérience du LHC au CERN vient illustrer le propos, tandis que quelques pistes de développements futurs sont évoquées. Abstract Superconductivity and associated helium cryogenics have become key technologies for large research infrastructures in physics, and particularly particle accelerators. The thermodynamic penalty for operating at low temperature requires their cryogenic systems to be highly energy efficient in managing heat loads, dis...

Radiography of the connection between a LHC magnet and its diode in sector 3-4

CERN Multimedia

Brice, Maximilien

2015-01-01

Fin mars 2015, les équipes du LHC ont réalisé différents tests pour identifier la cause d'un court-circuit vers la terre entre un aimant et sa diode de protection qui retardait le redémarrage du LHC. Le 25 mars, ils ont effectué des radiographies de la connexion. End of March 2015, LHC teams have performed different tests to identify the cause of a short-circuit to ground between a magnet and its protection diode. On 25 March they took an X-ray of the affected diode.

Les folksonomies comme support émergent de navigation sociale et de structuration des données du Web

OpenAIRE

Crépel , Maxime

2008-01-01

En nous basant sur les premiers travaux venant alimenter le débat soulevé par le modèle de classification des folksonomies, ainsi que de résultats d’enquêtes réalisées à partir d’entretiens auprès d’utilisateurs du site Flickr, il s’agit d’analyser les enjeux de ce nouveau mode d’indexation des informations comme modèle controversé de structuration des ressources du web et de comprendre les implications de son intégration pour la recherche d’information et la navigation sur internet....

LHC 2008 lectures
The LHC: an accelerator of science

CERN Multimedia

2008-01-01

In 2008, CERN will be switching on the greatest physics experiment ever undertaken. The Large Hadron Collider, or LHC, is a particle accelerator that will provide many answers to our questions about the Universe - What is the reason for mass? Where is the invisible matter in the Universe hiding? What is the relationship between matter and antimatter? Will we have to use a theory claiming more than four dimensions? … and what about "time" ? To understand better the raison d’être of the LHC, this gigantic, peerless scientific instrument and all the knowledge it can bring to us, members of the general public are invited to a series of lectures at the Globe of Science and Innovation. Thursday 8 May 2008 at 8.00 p.m. « Comment fonctionne l’Univers ? Ce que le LHC peut nous apprendre » Alvaro de Rujula, CERN physicist Thursday 15 May 2008 at 8.00 p.m. – « Une nouvelle vision du monde » Jean-Pierre Luminet, Director of...

Le Conseil du personnel, prêt pour les défis de 2015

CERN Multimedia

Association du personnel

2015-01-01

Afin de remplir d’une façon optimale sa mission de représentant du personnel CERN auprès de la Direction et des États membres, le Conseil du personnel s’appuie sur le travail d’un certain nombre de Commissions, parmi lesquelles conditions d’emploi, pensions, thèmes juridiques, protection sociale, hygiène et sécurité, InFormAction (formation, information et actions). Toutes ces commissions travaillent dans le but de contribuer à l’amélioration les conditions d’emploi des membres du personnel CERN. En particulier, dans le cadre de la préparation de l’examen quinquennal qui se terminera en décembre 2015 (5YR 2015). Rappelons que l’objet d’un examen quinquennal est d’assurer que les conditions financières et sociales offertes par l’Organisation lui permettent d&...

Preparation of the ATLAS experiment in the LHC proton collider, performances of the electromagnetic calorimeter and its potentialities for the top quark; Preparation de l'experience ATLAS aupres du futur grand collisionneur de protons LHC: performances du calorimetre electromagnetique et potentiels pour la physique du quark top

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hubaut, F

2007-03-15

ATLAS is the biggest and the more complex detector ever built, it will operate on the LHC and is the outcome of a huge international collaboration of 2000 physicists. This document reviews the theoretical and experimental achievements of one of them, his collaboration spread over 7 years and has followed 2 axis. First, the design, construction and test of the electromagnetic calorimeter of ATLAS and secondly, the development of analysis strategies in the physics of the top quark. The expected important production of top quarks in LHC will allow an accurate measurement of the properties of this particle and in the same way will provide new testing areas for the standard model. The top quark, being extremely massive, might play a significant role in the mechanism of electro-weak symmetry breaking. This document is organized into 5 chapters: 1) ATLAS detector, performance and progress, 2) the optimization of the energy measurement with the electromagnetic calorimeter, 3) the performance of the electromagnetic calorimeter, 4) the physics of the top quark, and 5) the potentialities of ATLAS in the top quark sector. This document presented before an academic board will allow its author to manage research works and particularly to tutor thesis students. (A.C.)

Performance du calorimètre à argon liquide et recherche du boson de Higgs dans son canal de désintégration $H\\to ZZ^{(*)} \\to 4\\ell$ avec l'expérience ATLAS auprès du LHC.

CERN Document Server

Tiouchichine, Elodie

The work presented in this thesis within the ATLAS collaboration was performed in the context of the discovery of a new particle at the LHC in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson. My contribution to the Higgs boson search is focused in the $H \\to ZZ^* \\to 4 \\ell$ channel at different level, from the data taking to the physics analysis. After a theoretical introduction, the LHC and the ATLAS detector are presented as well as their performance during the 2011 and 2012 runs. A particular consideration is given to the liquid argon calorimeters and to the data quality assessment of this system. The validation of the data recorded during non-nominal high voltage conditions is presented. This study allowed to recover 2\\% of the data collected available for physics analyses. This has a direct impact on the $H \\to ZZ^* \\to 4 \\ell$ channel were the number of signal events expected is very low. In order to optimize the acceptance of the four electrons decay channel, novel electron reconstruction algorithms wer...

20 fevrier 2012 - Le Vice-Président du Gouvernement Wallon et Ministre du Développement durable et de la Fonction Publique en charge de l’Energie du Logement et de la Recherche J.-M. Nollet, Royaume de Belgique, visite la salle de contrôle de CMS au Point 5, la caverne expérimentale CMS et le hall de tests des aimants supraconducteurs du LHC. Les chefs de département T. Lagrange et F. Hemmer accompagnent la délégation. L. Walckiers guide la visite SM18.

CERN Multimedia

Maximilien Brice

2012-01-01

20 fevrier 2012 - Le Vice-Président du Gouvernement Wallon et Ministre du Développement durable et de la Fonction Publique en charge de l’Energie du Logement et de la Recherche J.-M. Nollet, Royaume de Belgique, visite la salle de contrôle de CMS au Point 5, la caverne expérimentale CMS et le hall de tests des aimants supraconducteurs du LHC. Les chefs de département T. Lagrange et F. Hemmer accompagnent la délégation. L. Walckiers guide la visite SM18.

Electromagnetic calorimeter and accurate measurement with the ATLAS detector of the LHC collider; Calorimetrie electromagnetique et mesures de precision avec le detecteur ATLAS aupres du collisionneur LHC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pralavorio, P

2007-06-15

The main purpose of the ATLAS experiment is the understanding of the underlying mechanisms that drive the breaking of the electro-weak symmetry through the discovery of Higgs bosons. An important element to achieve this aim was the design of an electromagnetic calorimeter able to investigate the decay channels: H {yields} {gamma}{gamma} and H {yields} 4e. The high performance of the calorimeter will allow us to get a better accuracy on the measuring values of W and top masses which is essential to indirectly constrain the mass of the Higgs. In the same way, accurate measurements of top and W properties during the decays of top and tWb vertex will be necessary to question the standard model and to see beyond. The author has been working for 9 years in the ATLAS project, he has been involved in the design, construction, qualification and testing phases of the electromagnetic calorimeter of ATLAS. This document is a detailed presentation of the calorimeter, of its qualification and of its expectations when LHC is operating. This document is organized into 4 chapters: 1) assets and weaknesses of the standard model, 2) the ATLAS experiment, 3) the electromagnetic calorimeter, and 4) accurate measurements with ATLAS. This document presented before an academic board will allow its author to manage research works and particularly to tutor thesis students. (A.C.)

9 décembre 2016 - Visite du hall d'assemblage des aimants supraconducteurs du LHC par le Prof. D. Le Bihan, Directeur, NeuroSpin; membre de l’Académie des Sciences, République française avec le Directeur des accélérateurs et de la technologie F. Bordry et le chef de groupe L. Bottura.

CERN Multimedia

Bennett, Sophia Elizabeth

2016-01-01

9 décembre 2016 - Visite du hall d'assemblage des aimants supraconducteurs du LHC par le Prof. D. Le Bihan, Directeur, NeuroSpin; membre de l’Académie des Sciences, République française avec le Directeur des accélérateurs et de la technologie F. Bordry et le chef de groupe L. Bottura.

Fast neutron dosimetry for radioprotection near large accelerators. Application to the proton synchrotron Saturne; Dosimetrie des neutrons rapides en vue de la radioprotection aupres des grands accelerateurs. Application au synchrotron a protons Saturne

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tardy-Joubert, P

1963-07-01

Methods are described that are used for the measurement of a neutron flux, and of the corresponding energy flux and dose absorbed. The methods are checked experimentally by the use of neutron sources of known energy distribution. The conditions of use of a proportional counter for recoil protons are described. The experimental results obtained with the synchrotron SATURNE at Saclay are described. (author) [French] L'auteur presente les methodes utilisables pour la mesure d'un flux de neutrons, du flux d'energie et de la dose absorbee correspondants. Les methodes sont verifiees experimentalement au moyen de sources de neutrons de spectre connu. Les conditions d'emploi d'un compteur proportionnel a protons de recul sont definies. Les resultats experimentaux obtenus aupres du synchrotron Saturne de Saclay sont presentes. (auteur)

Chasseurs de Higgs au LHC - A la Recherche des l'Origines

CERN Multimedia

Yves Sirois

To increase understanding of the LHC, why scientists collaborate on this experiment and what they hope to achieve with the LHC. A 51 slide presentation in French for a general audience. Delivered at the "Cité des Sciences" in Paris, "Rencontres du Ciel et de l'Espace," November, 2010 This presentation covers the following topics: - The LHC --what it is --what it looks like --where it is located --the international nature of CERN & experiment collaborations --the experiments - Accelerators --a brief history on accelerators --what accelerators can do - The scientific goals of the LHC - Particle Physics in General --history & the basics - Impact on Technology and Society - First LHC Results - Concluding remarks

La collégialité détournée : les racines organisationnelles du harcèlement psychologique dans les universités

OpenAIRE

Leclerc, Chantal; Sabourin, Cécile; Bonneau, Micheline

2013-01-01

La prévention du harcèlement psychologique au travail passe par la compréhension des formes qu’il prend selon les milieux et les contextes organisationnels dans lesquels il émerge. Une recherche auprès de professeures et professeurs d’universités révèle que le harcèlement prend racine dans une culture universitaire qui instaure la surcharge, la compétition, l’individualisme, le blocage des règles de la délibération et le culte de la performance comme modes de gestion et d’organisation du trav...

Psychological Support Across the Deployment Cycle (L’aide psychologique au cours du cycle de deploiement)

Science.gov (United States)

2008-10-01

les meilleures pratiques de l’aide psychologique – avant, pendant et après les opérations –, et inventorié les instruments disponibles pour analyser le...moral d’une unité ainsi que les outils cliniques utilisés par les nations de l’OTAN et du PfP en vue d’évaluer, d’informer et d’intervenir auprès...practices in psychological support before, during and after operations, inventories of instruments used to survey unit morale as well and an

Etiquetage des quarks $b$ par un détecteur de vertex à pixels dans l'expérience ATLAS auprès du LHC

CERN Document Server

Vacavant, L

1997-01-01

The capability of the \\atlas~detector to tag $b$-jets is studied, usin g the impact parameter of charged tracks. High $b$-tagging performance is needed at \\lhc, especially during the first years of running, in order to see evidence of the Higgs boson if its mass lies between 80 and 120 GeV$/c^{2}$. A pattern-recognition algorithm has been developed for this purpose, using a detailed simulation of the \\atlas~inner detector. Track-findin g starts from the pixel detector layers. A "hyper-plane" concept allows the use of a simple tracking algorithm though the complex geome try. High track-finding efficiency and reconstruction quality ensure the discrimination of $b$-jets from other kinds of jets. After full simulation and reconstruction of $H \\rightarrow b\\bar{b}$, $H \\rightarrow gg$, $H\\rightarrow u\\bar{u}$, $H \\rightarrow s\\bar{s}$ and $H\\rightarrow c\\bar{c}$ events ($m_{H}=100$ GeV$/c^{2}$), the mean rejections achieved against non-$b$-jets for a 50\\% $b$-jet tagging efficiency are as follows: \\vspace{-5mm} \\b...

Élaboration et gestion des plans d'installation de la machine LHC

CERN Document Server

Corso, Jean Pierre

2005-01-01

Remplir 27 km de l’étroit tunnel du LEP avec plusieurs milliers d’équipements est le défi posé par le LHC et à relever par les techniciens et ingénieurs du CERN. Le LEP avait initié ce concept avec un outil nommé LEGO ; Le LHC a encore franchi une étape avec DMU (Digital Mock-Up), en tirant profit de l’évolution significative des outils informatiques (langages de programmation et logiciels). Utilisé comme interface entre une base de données Oracle® regroupant toutes les informations sur chaque équipement et les modèles 3D standard correspondants issus d’Euclid®, DMU a étendu, depuis, son champ d’application en permettant dorénavant de générer automatiquement tous les plans d’installation des 514 demi cellules de la Machine. Les évolutions futures de la configuration du LHC nous conduiront à modifier ou déplacer les équipements en place et à en insérer de nouveaux. Ceux-ci seront introduits dans la base de données avant de pouvoir être restitués via DMU sous forme de pl...

Tentative d'évaluation du systéme d'information marketing au niveau des banques publiques Algériennes

OpenAIRE

Hassaine-kazi-tani, Amel

2014-01-01

Le premier chapitre présente les fondements théoriques relatifs au marketing, marketing des services et notamment le marketing bancaire.dans le deuxiéme chapitre seront développées les notions de base du concept d'information et celui de systéme d'information et puis le systéme d'information marketing.le troisiéme chapitre pratique présente une étude de cas auprés des banques publiques Algériennes.

Le bureau d'études mécaniques du groupe TS-MME

CERN Document Server

Menot, C

2004-01-01

Le bureau d'études du groupe MME représente le principal support d'ingénierie mécanique pour le LHC et quelques projets autres. Il est constitué de trois sections au mandat distinct. Ses activités couvrent le design des divers équipements : des aimants supraconducteurs du LHC et leur alimentation électrique, le design pour le système vide et de l'instrumentation et calibration de faisceau. Le groupe a aussi en charge le design de tout système se rapportant aux complexes PS et SPS Les principaux sujets présentés dans ce rapport concernent la structure du bureau d'études et son effectif, les ressources à disposition, son domaine d'activité, son mode de fonctionnement, les outils et les méthodologies développés. La coordination entre sections du groupe, qui apportent chacune son expertise, sera mise en évidence. Une vision du futur avec les besoins en ressources liés aux activités vitales pour le CERN est abordée en conclusion.

Stage en entreprise des étudiants de la filière du Tourisme : défis et perspective. Le cas du Département de Français de l’École Supérieure de Langues Étrangères (ESLE de Hué

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

CONG HUYEN TON NU Y Nhiem

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Le stage en entreprise des étudiants dans le domaine du tourisme constituant une préoccupation du Département de Français de l’École Supérieure de Langues Étrangères de Hué, une enquête réalisée auprès de nos étudiants en 4e année permet d’éclaircir la problématique liée à leur stage qui mériterait plus d’attention afin de procéder aux améliorations. Des limites, difficultés vécues de nos étudiants de français durant leur stage en entreprise alimentent une multitude de réflexions au service de ce sujet. Dans ce sens, la collaboration école-entreprise est mise en valeur au profit de la qualité du stage.

L'energie du moustique

CERN Document Server

Augereau, J F

2002-01-01

ENSEMBLE DE QUATRE ARTICLES - LARGE HADRON COLLIDER: Le dernier accelerateur de particules du CERN, le LEP, produisait des faisceaux d'electrons de 100 GeV chacun. Le LHC, qui accelere des faisceaux de protons, leur communiquera une energie de 7 TeV chacun. Une energie a la fois colossale et derisoire. Un TeV represente a peu pres l'energie cinetique d'un moustique (1/2 page).

La Physique au LHC - Partie I

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2004-01-01

Le LHC devrait permettre l'observation du boson de Higgs et pouvoir lever le voile sur l'un des scénarios de nouvelle physique présentés dans la cours précédent. Ce cours détaillera les perspectives de physique au LHC (découvertes possibles et mesures de précision) ainsi que les méthodes et difficultés expérimentales. L'accent sera mis sur les problèmes liés à la brisure de la symétrie electrofaible. Les possibilités de développement futur à plus haute luminosité et/ou énergie seront également discutées.

LHC : sur la piste des mysteres de l`Univers par Michael Doser

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2007-01-01

Le CERN, le plus grand centre en physique des particules au monde, va mettre en service le Grand collisionneur de hadrons (Large Hadron Collider), le LHC. Cette machine, le plus grand rouage du complexe d’accélérateurs du CERN, doit répondre aux énigmes qui subsistent sur les briques élémentaires de la matière et l’histoire de l’Univers.

Dual Protection against Sexually Transmitted Infections and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Nous avons mené une enquête tranversale auprès des 929 femmes sexuellement actives, âgées de 15 à 49 ans, auprès de 89 cliniques de santé primaire publiques, à l'aide de la méthode à double fonction et de l'utilisation unique des préservatifs au cours du dernier rapport sexuel, comme des issues. Au cours du ...

Logistique de transport pour le projet LHC enseignements des premiers secteurs

CERN Document Server

Prodon, S

2003-01-01

Ce papier dresse un premier bilan de la logistique de transport mise en place pour l'installation du LHC. Les moyens de planification mis en oeuvre seront tout d'abord évoqués avec notamment les réunions avec les groupes utilisateurs, l'élaboration de procédures de transport, la génération de listings d'articles à transporter ou encore l'établissement d'un planning des ressources. Cependant, les premiers travaux d'installation du LHC ont fait apparaître des divergences importantes entre le planning logistique établi et la réalité du terrain. Ces écarts seront analysés, qu'il s'agisse de différences sur le volume de matériel à acheminer, d'opérations non planifiées, de changements de plannings entraînant de longues et délicates traversées de chantiers ou de manque de planification des besoins en personnel dans certaines zones. Tous ces enseignements acquis au cours des premiers travaux devraient permettre de dégager des voies d'amélioration à mettre en place pour les prochains secteur...

LHC France 2013: French Meeting on High Energy Physics at the LHC

CERN Document Server

2013-01-01

Cette 1ère édition des rencontres françaises sur la physique des hautes énergies au Large Hadron Collider réunira près de 300 physiciens membres des laboratoires IN2P3-CNRS et IRFU-CEA, participants aux collaborations Atlas, CMS, LHCb et Alice. La rencontre LHC France, aura lieu à une période particulièrement cruciale pour la discipline, les derniers résultats des expériences LHC, basés sur toutes les données collectées en 2011 et 2012 y seront présentés et discutés. Elle sera l'occasion de faire le point et le bilan des avancées des diverses thématiques de recherche: boson de Higgs, les interactions électrofaibles, le quark top, la Supersymétrie, les saveurs lourdes, la violation de CP et le Plasma de Quarks et de Gluons. Elle sera aussi l'occasion de discuter des plans d'amélioration des détecteurs en vue des futures phases de fonctionnement du LHC ainsi que les perspectives pour la physique. Cette rencontre se veut un moment d'échange privilégié pour la communauté française des ...

Le CERN réagit à l'augmentation du coût du LHC à son achèvement

CERN Multimedia

CERN Press Office. Geneva

2001-01-01

Director-General, Luciano Maiani, stressed that CERN was now fully engaged in the LHC and outlined the first moves to react to the increased cost to completion of the LHC. The new accelerator is an extremely complex, high-tech project which CERN is building under very severe conditions. However, the technical challenges are solved and industrial production of accelerator elements, and installation are starting.

29 August 2013 - J.-F. Jauslin, Directeur de l’Office fédéral de la culture (OFC) Ambassadeur suisse auprès de l’UNESCO et de l’OIF au 1er septembre 2013 Confédération suisse visite le centre visiteurs de l’expérience ATLAS ainsi que la caverne expérimentale d'ATLAS avec P. Jenny, ancien Porte-parole d'ATLAS. M. Bona, Conseiller du Directeur général pour les relations avec les Organisations internationales présent tout au long.

CERN Multimedia

Jean-Claude Gadmer

2013-01-01

29 August 2013 - J.-F. Jauslin, Directeur de l’Office fédéral de la culture (OFC) Ambassadeur suisse auprès de l’UNESCO et de l’OIF au 1er septembre 2013 Confédération suisse visite le centre visiteurs de l’expérience ATLAS ainsi que la caverne expérimentale d'ATLAS avec P. Jenny, ancien Porte-parole d'ATLAS. M. Bona, Conseiller du Directeur général pour les relations avec les Organisations internationales présent tout au long.

Mesure de la section efficace de production de paires de quarks, top-antitop à l’aide des premières données du détecteur ATLAS auprès du LHC

CERN Document Server

Yu, Jie; Mansoulié, Bruno; Schwindling, Jérôme

2011-01-01

The essential purpose of the thesis is to measure the top pair cross section in lepton+jets channels in the ATLAS experiment at Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The analysis is using the proton-proton collision data at 7 TeV collected in 2010 with a luminosity of 33.7 pb-1. The event selection is based on the signature of top pair topology with 1 electron or muon, large missing transverse energy and at least 4 jets. The QCD multijet background is measured with the data driven “Matrix Method”. Three data driven methods are applied to measure the W+jets background, the charge asymmetry method, the Berends Scaling method and the method combining both. Other backgrounds are estimated from MC. The number of signal top pair events is obtained by fitting the distribution of the number of b-tagged jet, when the b-tagging efficiency is simultaneously fitted. The top pair cross section is measured to be 148.1±34.9 pb. It is consistent with the Standard Model prediction at NNLO calculated by Hathor tool. It also agree...

24 mars 2016 - Le Président de la Confédération suisse, Monsieur Johann Schneider-Ammann signe le livre d'or avec la Directrice générale du CERN Fabiola Gianotti.

CERN Multimedia

Brice, Maximilien

2016-01-01

Le Président de la Confédération suisse, Monsieur Johann Schneider-Ammann signe le livre d'or avec la Directrice générale du CERN Fabiola Gianotti. De g. à d.: F. Eder, Délégué aux Relations avec les Etats-hôtes; F. Bordry, Directeur des accélérateurs et de la technologie; S. E. M. l'Ambassadeur Fasel, Représentant permanent de la Suisse auprès de l’Office des Nations Unies et des autres organisations internationales à Genève; M. Steinacher, Directeur des finances et des ressources humaines et P. Pardo, Conseiller, Mission permanente de la Suisse auprès de l’Office des Nations Unies et des autres organisations internationales à Genève.

La cellule d'essais du LHC fonctionne avec succès pendant 24h

CERN Multimedia

CERN Press Office. Geneva

1994-01-01

On 6 and 7 December a string of powerful superconducting magnets for CERN's next particle accelerator the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) ran successfully at 8.36 Tesla for 24 hours. 8.36 Tesla is the magnetic field required to accelerate protons to the required energy for LHC and this result demonstrates that the key technical choices made for the construction of the LHC magnets were correct. The test magnets have shown that they can operate reliably under the same working conditions as the future accelerator.

Formation des adultes et professionnalisation dans le cadre du bénévolat

OpenAIRE

Moraes, Tauana

2015-01-01

Ce travail de recherche se focalise sur la problématique de la professionnalisation du bénévolat. Son but est d’analyser les voies de développement des compétences requises pour la réalisation de missions bénévoles complexes de manière à saisir les spécificités propres au bénévolat et l’ampleur de la professionnalisation dans ce milieu. L’analyse s’appuie sur des entretiens compréhensifs à caractère biographique réalisés auprès de bénévoles réguliers de deux grandes associations qui font appe...

Le Parcours Étudiant du Festival Transamériques (FTA: une expérience de médiation culturelle marquante

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucie

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Le but de cet article est de présenter les retombées éducatives du Parcours étudiant du FTA, consacré à la création contemporaine en théâtre et en danse au Québec. Une première enquête sur le terrain a été menée en 2010 auprès de 50 adolescents, suivie d’une autre, en 2014, afin de valider les résultats. La recherche nous révèle que l’évènement s’avère un rite de passage pour les jeunes ; il est source de découverte de soi tout autant qu’ouverture à l’altérité, et ce, tant au niveau de l’esthétique que sur les plans culturel et socio-politique.

Aux membres du personnel français détachés au CERN - French version only

CERN Multimedia

2003-01-01

Affiliation au régime de retraite français Le CERN a reçu la lettre suivante de la Mission permanente de la France auprès des Organisations Internationales à Genève au sujet de la récente publication d'un décret concernant la retraite des fonctionnaires français détachés dans les organisations internationales : " .. l'article 20 de la loi 2002-73 du 17 janvier 2002 a mis fin au caractère obligatoire de l'affiliation au régime de retraite français pour les fonctionnaires détachés à l'étranger ou dans les organisations internationales. Le décret 2002-1391 du 21 novembre 2002, publié au Journal Officiel du 28 novembre 2002, a prévu que les fonctionnaires concernés disposent d'un délai de quatre mois à partir de la notification de leur arrêté de détachement pour faire part à leur administration d'origine de leur volonté de continuer à cotiser au régime national. Pour les fonctionnaires ayant déjà reçu la notification de leur arrêté de détachement à la date du 1er décembre 20...

Proposal for building the LHC computing environment

CERN Document Server

2001-01-01

Le présent document présente le "Projet de Grille de calcul LHC" et sa "Phase 1 de développement technologique et d'essais conduisant à un prototype de production", examinés à plusieurs reprises par le Comité des directives scientifiques et par le Comité du Conseil en mars 2001. Tous deux ont appuyé la présente proposition et demandé des informations complémentaires. La première phase a trait aux développements technologiques et aux essais conduisant à la réalisation d'un prototype de production. Les résultats de cette phase serviront de base à la définition et à réalisation du système initial de production à approuver en 2004 selon la description donnée dans le présent document.

Effet de la capacité d’une annonce à évoquer la nostalgie sur l’intention d’achat du produit : un essai de modélisation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leila Lefi Hajlaoui

2017-09-01

Full Text Available À l’ère de la modernité dans laquelle nous vivons, une tendance « rétro » se développe se basant sur le postulat que les choses étaient meilleures avant. Cette idée de nostalgie de passé a fait que les spécialistes de la communication l’utilisent de plus en plus dans leurs campagnes publicitaires. Cette recherche a pour objectif de comprendre le mécanisme par lequel une annonce nostalgique pourra influencer l’intention d’achat du produit de la marque promue. Une enquête a été menée auprès d’un échantillon de 225 consommateurs tunisiens. Les résultats indiquent l’existence d’une relation positive entre la capacité de l’annonce à déclencher la nostalgie et le comportement du consommateur envers la marque influençant ainsi la décision d’achat du produit de la marque promue.

Protection de la vie privée dans l'univers numérique des pays en ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Visionnement du film Little Gandhi —The Lost Truth of the Syrian Uprising à New York. La mission du Canada auprès des Nations Unies projettera des extraits du film Little Gandhi, un documentaire sur la Syrie subventionné par le CDRI. Voir davantageVisionnement du film Little Gandhi —The Lost Truth of the Syrian ...

Le LHC du CERN ne démarrera qu'en 2008

CERN Multimedia

2007-01-01

During a speech at the 142nd Council Session, Robert Aymar, Director General of the Organisation, announced that the great hadron collider (LHC) will start in May 2008, for first study work in physics, in unexplored fields of high energies. (1,5 page)

Performance of the Alice muon spectrometer. Weak boson production and measurement in heavy-ion collisions at LHC; Performance du spectrometre a muons d'ALICE. Production et mesure des bosons faibles dans des collisions d'ions lourds aupres du LHC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Conesa del valle, Z

2007-07-15

Lattice QCD predicts a transition from a hadronic phase to a Quark Gluon Plasma phase, QGP, for temperatures above 10{sup 13} K. Heavy-ion collisions are proposed to recreate it in laboratory. With such a purpose, the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) will provide Pb-Pb collisions at 5.5 TeV/u, and the ALICE experiment will permit to explore them. In particular, the ALICE muon spectrometer will permit to investigate the muon related probes (quarkonia, open beauty,...). The expected apparatus performances to measure muons and dimuons are discussed. A factorization technique is employed to unravel the different contributions to the global efficiency. Results indicate that the detector should be able to measure muons up to pT {approx} 100 GeV/c with a resolution of about 10 per cent. We show that weak bosons production could be measured for the first time in heavy-ion collisions. Single muon p{sub T} and dimuons invariant mass distributions will probe W and Z production. As mainly muons from b- and c-quarks decays will populate the intermediate-p{sub T} of 5 - 25 GeV/c, heavy quark in-medium energy loss calculations indicate that the single muon spectra would be suppressed by a factor 2-4 in the most central 0 - 10% Pb-Pb collisions at 5.5 TeV. However, for p{sub T} > 35 GeV/c the weak boson decays are predominant, and no suppression is expected. Estimations indicate that the b- and W-muons crossing point shifts down in transverse momenta by 5 to 7 GeV/c in the most central 0 - 10% Pb-Pb collisions at 5.5 TeV. (author)

Le budget total du CERN restera plus ou moins constant

CERN Document Server

Van der Boon, J E

2002-01-01

The Director of Administration at CERN has written to the paper following an article titled "Licenciements chez les sous-traitants du CERN" : dismissals amongst CERN sub-contractors. As the CERN budget will remain constant and a greater part will be devoted to building the LHC, changes will be made to staffing balances (0.5 page)

L’évaluation du syndrome du Burnout chez les médecins en formation au CHU Ibn Rochd de Casablanca

Science.gov (United States)

El Kettani, Assiya; Serhier, Zineb; Othmani, Mohammed Bennani; Agoub, Mohamed; Battas, Omar

2017-01-01

Introduction Le Burnout est très répandu en milieu hospitalier et sa gravité est encore plus accrue chez les jeunes médecins. L'objectif est de déterminer la prévalence du burnout parmi les médecins en formation (internes et résidents) au CHU Ibn Rochd de Casablanca et chercher les facteurs associés. Méthodes Étude transversale descriptive menée en 2013- 2014 auprès d'un échantillon de 300 médecins à l'aide d'un questionnaire auto-administré; le burnout était évalué par la version française du Maslash Burnout Inventory (MBI). Résultats Un total de191 médecins a participé à l'étude (taux de réponse à 63,7%) avec une prédominance féminine à 79,1% et une moyenne d'âge de 26,7ans (ET = 3). Les scores moyens des sous-dimensions du MBI: l'épuisement émotionnel, la dépersonnalisation et l'accomplissement personnel étaient respectivement de (33,7 ± 10,7), (12,2 ± 6,5) et (30,6 ± 8,3). Le burnout sévère touchait 31,8% des participants. Il était associé aux problèmes de communication au sein de l'équipe soignante (p burnout sévère (p Burnout is very widespread in the hospital setting and it becomes much more severe in young physicians. The objective of this study aims to evaluate the prevalence of burnout among doctors in training (internal and residents) at the Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca and to identify factors associated with it. PMID:28979644

Recherche de leptoquarks de troisième génération dans l’expérience CMS au LHC

CERN Document Server

Chasserat, Julien

L'expérience CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid), construite sur l'anneau du LHC (Large Hadron Collider) a enregistré une quantité colossale de données provenant des collisions proton-proton de 2009 à 2012 à des énergies dans le centre de masse de 7 TeV et 8 TeV. Cette expérience est consacrée aux mesures de précision des paramètres du modèle standard, à l'étude du boson de Higgs ainsi qu'à la mise à l'épreuve de théories au-delà du modèle standard. Un certain nombre de ces théories prévoient l'existence de particules appelées leptoquarks, de nouveaux bosons se couplant à la fois aux leptons et au quarks. La première partie de cette thèse est consacrée à la présentation du Modèle Standard des particules et à une introduction théorique aux leptoquarks. La seconde explique brièvement le fonctionnement du LHC et de l'expérience CMS. La troisième partie est dédiée au travail effectué dans le groupe générateur de CMS au cours de la première année de ma thèse. Cette mission consis...

Comment fonctionne l’Univers ? Ce que le LHC peut nous apprendre

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2008-01-01

L'Univers en son enfance était une "soupe" de particules, de plus en plus chaudes (de plus haute énergie) à mesure qu'on remonte vers sa naissance, le "big bang". C'est ainsi que les observations à des énergies de plus en plus élevées nous permettent, par exemple, de nous approcher de plus près de la prime jeunesse de l'Univers et, donc, de mieux le comprendre. L'étude du macro- et du micro-cosme sont une science unique dans laquelle, de façon surprenante, ce que nous comprenons le moins bien est le vide, qui ne semble pas l'être: il existe une différence fondamentale entre le vide et le néant. Le LHC pourrait nous permettre de voir les vibrations de la "substance" du vide, qu'on appelle les particules 'de Higgs'.

Analyse qualitative de l'intégration de l'éducation sexuelle des jeunes dans les médias audio-visuels à Kinshasa en République Démocratique du Congo.

OpenAIRE

Nsakala, Gabriel Vodiena; Coppieters, Yves; Kayembe, Patrick Kalambayi

2014-01-01

L'éducation sexuelle par les médias de masse contribue positivement à la prévention des infections sexuellement transmissibles (IST)/VIH et des grossesses précoces auprès des jeunes. L'objectifs de cette étude sont d'appréhender le niveau d'intégration de l'éducation sexuelle dans les émissions de santé à Kinshasa en République Démocratique du Congo et d'identifier les facteurs facilitant et limitant l'éducation sexuelle des jeunes dans les programmes audio-visuels congolais. Une triangulatio...

La gestion de la relation client dans la banque: Cas du marché marocain

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

EL KORAICHI Mustapha

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Face aux évolutions du secteur bancaire (concurrence accrue, crise de confiance l’adoption d’un système de gestion de la relation client représente un enjeu important pour les banques. Il contribue à l’optimisation de la gestion du portefeuille client, plus précisément ce système permet d’acquérir de nouveaux clients et d’augmenter la rentabilité des clients existants. Cet article a pour objectif de répondre à la problématique suivante: le système de gestion de la relation client permet-il aux banques d’atteindre les objectifs attendus? L’étude que nous avons réalisée auprès de 47 banques commerciales marocaines montre que malgré le potentiel anticipé, les bénéfices escomptés d’un tel système restent limités. En effet, l’utilisation de ce système reste à son état embryonnaire, il se centre principalement sur la collecte des informations clients au niveau des agences tandis que l’analyse et l’exploitation de ces informations se fait au niveau du siège de la banque. De même, les opérations basiques de la banque occupent une grande part du temps de travail des agents de la banque au dépend des services bancaires à valeur ajoutée. D’un autre côté, une grande part des banques adoptant ce système ne mesurent pas le coût de la relation avec leurs clients.

Aux marges du monde arabe

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hélène Thiollet

2004-09-01

Full Text Available L’étude des migrations contemporaines des Érythréens vers le Yémen au tournant des années quatre-vingt-dix permet d’observer les transformations des dynamiques régionales à l’œuvre dans le monde arabe. Les migrations sont un phénomène sensible aux différents aspects (politiques, économiques, culturels, géographiques de l’intégration régionale. Celle si est envisagée dans cet article à travers une approche doublement marginale : -la marginalité géographique de l’Érythrée arabo-africaine et du Yémen, économi­quement isolé dans la péninsule Arabique, -l’étude des migrations formelles et informelles, élément souvent marginal dans l’étude des institutions et des échanges qui constituent un système régional intégré. Cette étude est fondée sur une série d’entretiens menés au Yémen entre février et avril 2002 auprès des administrations yéménites et de la population érythréenne.

GAC-EPA

CERN Document Server

GAC-EPA

2018-01-01

Le GAC organise des permanences avec entretiens individuels qui se tiennent le dernier mardi de chaque mois, sauf en juillet et décembre. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 26 juin de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 28 août, 25 septembre, 30 octobre et 27 novembre 2018. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du perso...

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2018-01-01

Le GAC organise des permanences avec entretiens individuels qui se tiennent le dernier mardi de chaque mois, sauf en juillet et décembre. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 26 juin de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 28 août, 25 septembre, 30 octobre et 27 novembre 2018. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du pers...

CERN Technical Training Programme: Learning for the LHC ! Cotations selon les normes GPS de l'ISO - French version only

CERN Document Server

Davide Vitè

2002-01-01

Suite à la proposition du Groupe de travail « Mechanical Design » du Technical Training, et dans le cadre des activités de construction du LHC, nous allons offrir prochainement une séance en français du cours Cotations selon les normes GPS de l'ISO les 29 et 30 avril prochains. Le coût du cours est pour l'instant fixé à 400.- CHF, mais il pourrait être réduit suivant le nombre de participants. Les objectifs de cette formation sont la maîtrise du tolérancement géométrique ISO décrit dans les normes GPS (Spécifications Géométriques des Produits), et une correcte démarche, par la suite, pour la cotation des produits. Le cours est ciblé pour une audience de projeteurs et dessinateurs devant concevoir, dimensionner et tolérancer des pièces mécaniques, et pour ...

Contribution to the design and realisation of a specific circuit to code the information coming from the calorimeter of the LHC; Contribution a la conception et a la realisation d`un circuit specifique de codage des informations issues du calorimetre d`une experience aupres du LHC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chambert-Hermel, V

1996-09-19

LHC (Large Hadron Collider) signals required a sampling system with excess of 16 bit dynamic range and 8 hit precision. The sampling frequency is 40 MHz. The use of a floating point format which fits the precision of the calorimeter is proposed. The dynamic range is divided into 8 positive sub-ranges and 5 negative ones and so a conversion into 8 plus 1 (sign) bits mantissa and 4 bits exponent is proposed. The design is built around three main blocks: a range converter which computes the three exponent bits and the sign, a set of amplifiers controlled by the range converter and a classical 8 bit ADC for the mantissa. The main effort was concentrated on the range converter as this is the most sensitive part o the architecture which sees the whole dynamic range. To minimize the problems of perturbations on the signal and reference lines, we have chosen a fully differential sample and hold, differential latched comparators and the coding logic using the AMS BICMOS 1..2 micron technology. We present the floating point format we use, the converter architecture, the elementary circuits steps of conception, the simulation results, the layout and tests results on prototypes. (author) 17 refs.

16 septembre 2015 - Signature du livre d'or par S. Exc. Mme Laurin, Ambassadeur de France auprès de l’Office des Nations Unies et des organisations internationales en Suisse avec le Directeur général du CERN R. Heuer, et de la Directrice générale élue 2016-2020 F. Gianotti.

CERN Multimedia

Brice, Maximilien

2015-01-01

Son Excellence Madame Elisabeth Laurin Ambassadeur Représentant permanent de la République française auprès de l’Office des Nations Unies et des organisations internationales en Suisse République française. Sont également présents: E. Göniger Voss, S. Péron, O. Martin, F. Bordry, A-S. Catherin, F. Eder.

Screening of "Particule Fever" at Saint-Genis

CERN Multimedia

Brice, Maximilien

2015-01-01

La Mission Permanente de la France auprès des Nations Unies organise une projection gratuite du film "Particle Fever" jeudi 19 février 2015 à 19h30 au théâtre du Bordeau de Saint-Genis-Pouilly. Ce partenariat avec le CERN et la Ville de Saint-Genis-Pouilly permet de comprendre, au travers de ce film captivant, l'activité du CERN.

Mise en service du calorimetre electromagnetique d'Atlas et determination du potentiel de decouverte d'un Z' --> e+e- dans les premieres donnees LHC

CERN Document Server

Mangeard, Pierre-Simon

2009-01-01

After about fifteen years of development, the ATLAS detector is ready to operate and recorded, in 2008, several millions of cosmic events as well as first LHC data. This achievement is based on the long experience of beam tests and on the large effort towards the detector in situ commissioning undertaken by the ATLAS collaboration. This promises fast ability to perform searches for evidence of Higgs boson and new physics. I heavily contributed to the in situ commissioning of the EM calorimeter. To verify its performance, I studied the first cosmic data taken in 2006 which allowed the first in situ analysis of dead channels, energy reconstruction and detector response uniformity. This participation to the commissioning has continued with the study of the single beam data recorded during the first week of LHC operation (Sept. 2008). Expanding on my expertise of the EM calorimeter, I focused my physics analysis, prepared with simulation, on the promising discovery potential of new physics at LHC via the di-elect...

Planificateur des activités de la haute direction | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Il incombe à la planificatrice des activités de la haute direction et du conseil de veiller ... et du CHD aux fins de discussion et de recommandations auprès de la secrétaire et ... Concevoir et tenir à jour un système de suivi fiable sur les sujets de ...

Avancement des travaux électriques LHC point 1

CERN Document Server

Delidais, M

2001-01-01

Après la première phase d'analyse des principes de la distribution en électricité de la zone 1 du LHC et de l'expérience ATLAS, les études sont à présent orientées vers la définition des implantations des principaux équipements tels que transformateurs, tableaux basse tension, alimentations statiques de sécurité, ainsi que vers la détermination du cheminement des câbles dans les ouvrages de surface et à travers les ouvrages souterrains USA15, UX15 et les galeries de liaison. Les études des services généraux sont également menées pour les bâtiments de surface qui seront mis prochainement à disposition par le génie civil, en particulier la station de refroidissement SF1 ainsi que le bâtiment SUX1 pour lesquels les travaux d'installation devraient débuter sous peu pour être achevés dans le premier trimestre 2001.

GAC-EPA

CERN Document Server

GAC-EPA

2018-01-01

Le GAC organise des permanences avec entretiens individuels qui se tiennent le dernier mardi de chaque mois, sauf en juillet et décembre. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 29 mai de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 26 juin, 28 août, 25 septembre, 30 octobre et 27 novembre 2018. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association ...

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2018-01-01

Le GAC organise des permanences avec entretiens individuels qui se tiennent le dernier mardi de chaque mois, sauf en juillet et décembre. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 24 avril de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 29 mai, 26 juin, 28 août, 25 septembre, 30 octobre et 27 novembre 2018. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’A...

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2018-01-01

Le GAC organise des permanences avec entretiens individuels qui se tiennent le dernier mardi de chaque mois, sauf en juillet et décembre. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 27 mars de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 24 avril, 29 mai, 26 juin, 28 août, 25 septembre, 30 octobre et 27 novembre 2018. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l&am...

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2018-01-01

Le GAC organise des permanences avec entretiens individuels qui se tiennent le dernier mardi de chaque mois, sauf en juillet et décembre. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 29 mai de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 26 juin, 28 août, 25 septembre, 30 octobre et 27 novembre 2018. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association...

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2018-01-01

Le GAC organise des permanences avec entretiens individuels qui se tiennent le dernier mardi de chaque mois, sauf en juillet et décembre. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 27 mars de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 24 avril, 29 mai, 26 juin, 28 août, 25 septembre, 30 octobre et 27 novembre 2018. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l&...

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2018-01-01

Le GAC organise des permanences avec entretiens individuels qui se tiennent le dernier mardi de chaque mois, sauf en juillet et décembre. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 24 avril de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 29 mai, 26 juin, 28 août, 25 septembre, 30 octobre et 27 novembre 2018. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’As...

Mise en oeuvre des protections électriques dans les réseaux de distribution du CERN

CERN Document Server

Delidais, M

2002-01-01

Depuis 1957, date de la création de la première sous-station électrique du CERN, le réseau électrique a connu une constante évolution en relation avec l'extension du laboratoire et à la réalisation des nouvelles machines ainsi qu'à une évolution rapide du matériel de distribution électrique ; ce vaste réseau construit sur une période de plus de 40 ans subit encore de profondes transformations et extensions liées au projet LHC et à son adaptation à l'ouverture du marché européen de l'énergie à la concurrence. Les dispositifs de protection des réseaux CERN ont du s'adapter à ces évolutions et aux progrès réalisés dans le domaine des relais de protection, en particulier avec l'introduction des relais électroniques dans les années 1975 puis en 1994 avec la venue des systèmes utilisant les microprocesseurs et des outils de programmation. La transformation des équipements de protection d'origine vers les systèmes actuels sont mis en évidence tant du point de vue du matériel lui-mê...

LHC Injection Beam Quality During LHC Run I

CERN Document Server

AUTHOR|(CDS)2079186; Kain, Verena; Stapnes, Steinar

The LHC at CERN was designed to accelerate proton beams from 450 GeV to 7 TeV and collide them in four large experiments. The 450 GeV beam is extracted from the last pre-accelerator, the SPS, and injected into the LHC via two 3 km long transfer lines, TI 2 and TI 8. The injection process is critical in terms of preservation of beam quality and machine protection. During LHC Run I (2009-2013) the LHC was filled with twelve high intensity injections per ring, in batches of up to 144 bunches of 1.7*10^11 protons per bunch. The stored beam energy of such a batch is already an order of magnitude above the damage level of accelerator equipment. Strict quality and machine protection requirements at injection have a significant impact on operational efficiency. During the first years of LHC operation, the injection phase was identified as one of the limiting factors for fast LHC turnaround time. The LHC Injection Quality Check (IQC) software framework was developed as a part of this thesis to monitor the beam quality...

Une étude diagnostique

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

organe de ..... d'opportunité des fonds publics et la gestion décentralisée des politiques d'emploi. ...... le contrôle de l'application de la législation du travail,. • développer le dispositif .... La création d'un ministère délégué auprès du président.

Research

African Journals Online (AJOL)

abp

5 janv. 2017 ... activités alimentaires. Ces entreprises font des contrôles réguliers de ... devaient satisfaire les exigences du système de gestion HACCP qu'elles ... La loi n°10-95 sur l'eau publiée en 1995 par le Ministère Délégué auprès du ...

2694-IJBCS-Article-Dr Ahouandjinou Thibaut B

African Journals Online (AJOL)

admin

Au Bénin, la production du miel constitue une source potentielle non négligeable de revenu monétaire pour la population rurale. Une enquête a été conduite au Nord-Ouest du Bénin auprès de 35 apiculteurs pour évaluer les caractéristiques techniques et l'importance socio-économique de l'apiculture. Les apiculteurs.

Mauro Dell’Ambrogio, the Swiss State Secretary for Education and Research (left), Rolf Heuer , CERN Director-General (centre), and Mark Muller, President of the Government of the Republic and Canton of Geneva and Head of the Department of Construction and Information Technology (right) at the opening of Building 42 on 11 February, 2011.

CERN Multimedia

Maximilien Brice

2011-01-01

CERN-HI-1102069 05: Représentant permenant de la Suisse auprès de l'Office des Nations Unies Ambassadeur Martinelli et le Directeur général du CERN R. Heuer. CERN-HI-1102069 14: J.Perret, Architecte; P.Fassnacht, Représentant des utilisateurs CERN et M. Poehler, Ingénieur CERN en charge du chantier.

Le LHC peut-il produire des trous noirs?

CERN Document Server

Chardin, Gabriel

2009-01-01

Dan Simmons, dans son ouvrage Ilium, imagine que les physiciens de l'Institut de Paris, à la suite d'une malencontreuse expérience, ont laissé s'échapper un trou noir microscopique qui, avant de se précipiter vers le centre de la Terre, a détruit une part non négligeable de Paris, appelé désormais « Paris Crater ». Les physiciens de tous pays rassemblés au CERN autour du LHC, le plus puissant accélérateur de particules au monde, sont-ils des apprentis sorciers et pourraient-ils déclencher la destruction de la Terre, voire de l’Univers entier ?

Niveaux de résidus de pesticides organochlorés dans les produits ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

L'objectif de cette étude est de déterminer le contenu en résidus de quelques pesticides organochlorés du cacao masse, des tourteaux et du beurre de cacao. Pour se faire, 75 échantillons de fèves de cacao ont été prélevés auprès des planteurs et coopératives du département d'Agboville et des exportateurs des ports de ...

303-IJBCS-Article-Dr Henri Biego

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Dr Gatsing

L'objectif de cette étude est de déterminer le contenu en résidus de quelques pesticides organochlorés du cacao masse, des tourteaux et du beurre de cacao. Pour se faire, 75 échantillons de fèves de cacao ont été prélevés auprès des planteurs et coopératives du département d'Agboville et des exportateurs des ports de ...

LHC physics

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Binoth, T

2012-01-01

"Exploring the phenomenology of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, LHC Physics focuses on the first years of data collected at the LHC as well as the experimental and theoretical tools involved...

Test du modèle du "Petit Higgs" dans ATLAS au LHC, et simulation de la numérisation du calorimètre électromagnétique

CERN Document Server

Lechowski, Matthieu

2005-01-01

LHC is a proton-proton collider with an energy of 14 TeV in the center of mass, which will start in 2007 at CERN. Two of its experiments, ATLAS, and CMS, will search and study in particular the Higgs boson, Supersymmetry and other new Physics. This thesis was about two aspects of the ATLAS experiment : â on one hand the simulation of the liquid Argon electromagnetic calorimeter, with the emulation of the electronic chain in charge of the digitization of the signal and also the evaluation of the electronic noise and the pile-up noise (coming from minimum bias events at LHC). These two points have been validated by the analysis of the data taken during beam tests in 2002 and 2004. â on the other hand, a physics study concerning the Little Higgs model. This recent model solves the hierarchy problem of the Standard Model, in introducing new heavy particles to cancel quadratic divergences arising in the calculation of the Higgs boson mass. These new particles, with a mass about the TeV/c2, are one heavy quark to...

2008 LHC Open Days LHC magnets on display

CERN Multimedia

2008-01-01

Over the last few years you’ve probably seen many of the 15 m long blue LHC dipole magnets being ferried around the site. Most of them are underground now, but on the LHC Open Days on 5 and 6 April the magnets will also play a central role on the surface. Installation of one of the LHC dipole magnets on the Saint-Genis roundabout on 7 March. The LHC dipole testing facility with several magnets at various stages of testing. The 27 km ring of the LHC consists of 1232 double-aperture superconducting dipole magnets, 360 short straight sections (SSS) and 114 special SSS for the insertion regions. On the Open Day, you will be able to "Follow the LHC magnets" through different stages around the site, culminating in their descent into the tunnel. Discover all the many components that have to be precisely integrated in the magnet casings, and talk to the engine...

LHC Report: Tests of new LHC running modes

CERN Document Server

Verena Kain for the LHC team

2012-01-01

On 13 September, the LHC collided lead ions with protons for the first time. This outstanding achievement was key preparation for the planned 2013 operation in this mode. Outside of two special physics runs, the LHC has continued productive proton-proton luminosity operation.   Celebrating proton-ion collisions. The first week of September added another 1 fb-1 of integrated luminosity to ATLAS’s and CMS’s proton-proton data set. It was a week of good and steady production mixed with the usual collection of minor equipment faults. The peak performance was slightly degraded at the start of the week but thanks to the work of the teams in the LHC injectors the beam brightness – and thus the LHC peak performance – were restored to previous levels by the weekend. The LHC then switched to new running modes and spectacularly proved its potential as a multi-purpose machine. This is due in large part to the LHC equipment and controls, which have been designed wi...

L’octroi de crédits aux femmes entrepreneuses libanaises par les banquiers : le cas du dispositif Kafalat

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Inaya Wahidi

2016-03-01

Full Text Available L’accès au crédit bancaire sans garantie est quasi impossible au Liban, d’où le dispositif Kafalat qui représente une solution face à cette difficulté. Selon la littérature, l’entrepreneuriat des femmes souffre de discrimination par rapport aux hommes quant à l’octroi de crédits bancaires. Notre objectif est d’essayer de voir dans quelle mesure cette situation existe au Liban. L’étude exploratoire conduite par entretiens semi-directifs auprès des banquiers exclusivement fournit les premiers éléments sur le profil de ces femmes entrepreneuses libanaises et sur la discrimination éventuelle qui pourrait exister du fait de leur sexe pour l’obtention de crédits bancaires. Les résultats semblent montrer que les banquiers ne font pas de distinction entre les entrepreneurs hommes ou femmes, même si les entrepreneuses ont peut-être moins d’informations concernant les garanties offertes par le dispositif Kafalat et sont souvent soutenues par leur mari qui accepte une hypothèque comme garantie du crédit demandé par leur femme ou qui passe par leur femme pour obtenir le crédit nécessaire au développement de leur propre entreprise.

La particule de Dieu à la découverte du boson de Higgs

CERN Document Server

Baggott, Jim

2013-01-01

De quoi le monde est-il constitué? Des questions aussi simples que celle-ci ont taraudé l'esprit de l'Homme depuis les origines. Même si les raisonnements sont devenus de plus en plus complexes au fil du temps, au fond, cette question centrale reste très basique. Ce livre raconte la quête des scientifiques pour élaborer un modèle permettant d'expliquer la structure de la matière à son niveau le plus élémentaire, jusqu'à l'annonce de la découverte du fameux boson de Higgs, au LHC, le 4 juillet 2012. Qu'est-ce que le boson de Higgs et en quoi sa découverte est-elle si importante? La réponse à cette question réside dans l'histoire du modèle standard de la physique des particules. Ce modèle, élaboré découverte après découverte, depuis le début du XXe siècle, recense toutes les particules constitutives de l'univers. Il prédisait jusqu'ici l'existence d'un champs dit de Higgs indispensable pour donner leur masse aux autres particules du modèle. Sans le boson de Higgs, l'univers ne pouv...

Étude de la réponse en courant de détecteurs silicium opérés en environnement de très hautes radiations

CERN Document Server

Roy, Patrick

Ce travail se situe dans le cadre de l'expérience ATLAS auprès du Grand Collisionneur Hadronique (LHC) qui sera construit au CERN. Il consiste en l'étude de la réponse en courant de détecteurs au silicium de grande surface, irradiés par des neutrons ou des protons de façon à reproduire l'environnement de hautes radiations auquel le détecteur ATLAS devra faire face. A l'aide d'une modélisation du transport des charges produites par le passage de particules alpha ou bêta dans un détecteur au silicium et d'un ensemble de données expérimentales, il est possible d'obtenir certaines caractéristiques électriques importantes des détecteurs. Ces caractéristiques sont: la concentration effective de dopants (ce qui détermine la tension de désertion d'un semi-conducteur), le piégeage des porteurs de charge (donnant l'efficacité de la collection des charges), et les mobilités des électrons et des trous (influençant le temps nécessaire à la collection des charges). En connaissant l'évolution de...

Illuminating the LHC

CERN Multimedia

2004-01-01

For the first time ever, on 29 September the LHC ring will be visible above ground. Spotlights aimed at the sky will light up the 27 km path of the ring to celebrate CERN's 50th anniversary. Also, everyone born in 1954 is invited to come to blow out birthday candles on a cake. To see the display, you can come to departure station for the gondola at Crozet*, France, starting at 18:30. There will be music, official speeches and food stands. At 20:00 the ring will light up, and to wrap it up at 21:15 there will be the cake and videoconferences with Robert Aymar, the Director-General of CERN, and the inventor of the Web, Tim Berners-Lee. The event is organized by the Department of Justice, Police and Security of the Canton of Geneva, Switzerland, in collaboration with communes of the Canton of Geneva, the Communauté des communes du Pays de Gex and the Préfecture de l'Ain. More information on the schedule for the night. * The event initially planned at Divonne has been moved to Crozet.

Test of the little Higgs model in Atlas at LHC: simulation of the digitization of the electromagnetic calorimeter; Test du modele du petit Higgs dans ATLAS au LHC: simulation de la numerisation du calorimetre electromagnetique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lechowski, M

2005-04-15

LHC is a proton-proton collider with an energy of 14 TeV in the center of mass, which will start operating in 2007 at CERN. Two of its experiments, ATLAS, and CMS, will search and study in particular the Higgs boson, Supersymmetry and other new physics. This thesis was about two aspects of the ATLAS experiment. On one hand the simulation of the liquid Argon electromagnetic calorimeter, with the emulation of the electronic chain in charge of the digitization of the signal and also the evaluation of the electronic noise and the pile-up noise (coming from minimum bias events of inelastic collisions at LHC). These two points have been validated by the analysis of the data taken during beam tests in 2002 and 2004. On the other hand, a physics study concerning the Little Higgs model. This recent model solves the hierarchy problem of the Standard Model, in introducing new heavy particles to cancel quadratic divergences arising in the calculation of the Higgs boson mass. These new particles, with a mass about the TeV/c{sup 2}, are a heavy quark top, heavy gauge bosons Z{sub H}, W{sub H} and A{sub H}, and a heavy Higgs boson triplet. The physics study dealt with the characteristic decays of the model, Z{sub H} in Z + H and W{sub H} in W + H, with a Higgs mass either at 120 GeV/c{sup 2} decaying in two photons or at 200 GeV/c{sup 2} decaying in ZZ or WW. Results show that in both cases, for 300 fb{sup -1} (3 years at high luminosity), an observation of the signal at 5 {sigma} for Z{sub H} et W{sub H} masses less than 2 TeV/c{sup 2} is possible, covering a large part of the parameter space. (author)

Paroles de chef : modèles communicationnels d’une organisation professionnelle

OpenAIRE

Stengel, Kilien

2016-01-01

Dans un restaurant, communiquer correspond à informer la clientèle, dialoguer avec elle, collaborer avec les équipes, et diffuser une image du restaurant, des mets et du chef. La communication apparente du chef de cuisine précise le lien qui existe entre lui et son personnel, lui et les clients, lui et les fournisseurs, et plus rarement entre lui et les médias ou supports de communication. Apportant la communication organisationnelle, formelle et normative, auprès de ses subalternes comme de ...

HL-LHC Accelerator

CERN Document Server

Zimmermann, F

2013-01-01

The tentative schedule, key ingredients, as well as progress of pertinent R&D and component prototypes for the LHC luminosity upgrade, "HL-LHC," are reviewed. Also alternative scenarios based on performance-improving consolidations (PICs) instead of a full upgrade are discussed. Tentative time schedules and expected luminosity evolutions for the different scenarios are sketched. The important role of HL-LHC development as a step towards a future HE-LHC or VHE-LHC is finally highlighted. Presented at "Higgs & Beyond" Conference Tohoku University, Sendai 7 June 2013.

HL-LHC and HE-LHC Upgrade Plans and Opportunities for US Participation

Science.gov (United States)

Apollinari, Giorgio

2017-01-01

The US HEP community has identified the exploitation of physics opportunities at the High Luminosity-LHC (HL-LHC) as the highest near-term priority. Thanks to multi-year R&D programs, US National Laboratories and Universities have taken the leadership in the development of technical solutions to increase the LHC luminosity, enabling the HL-LHC Project and uniquely positioning this country to make critical contributions to the LHC luminosity upgrade. This talk will describe the shaping of the US Program to contribute in the next decade to HL-LHC through newly developed technologies such as Nb3Sn focusing magnets or superconducting crab cavities. The experience gained through the execution of the HL-LHC Project in the US will constitute a pool of knowledge and capabilities allowing further developments in the future. Opportunities for US participations in proposed hadron colliders, such as a possible High Energy-LHC (HE-LHC), will be described as well.

Le Japon quatre fois frappé

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Philippe Pelletier

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Illustration 1 – Hauteur du tsunami sur le littoral (en mètresSources : Brunet R. (dir, 1994. Géographie universelle. Belin/Reclus ;Pelletier Ph., Fournier C., 2008. Atlas du Japon. Autrement ; http://silatitudes.teledetection.fr/index.php :actualité/54-mapping-japan-earthquake-and-tsunami Dans un essai polémiste au destin retentissant, du moins auprès de ceux qui s’intéressent sérieusement à l’Asie orientale, le sinologue Jean François Billeter dénonçait l’approche néo-orientaliste du sino...

LHC Report: LHC hit the target!

CERN Multimedia

Enrico Bravin for the LHC team

2016-01-01

Last week, the accumulated integrated luminosity reached the target value for 2016 of 25 fb-1 in both ATLAS and CMS.   The integrated luminosity delivered to ATLAS and CMS reached (and already passed!) 25 fb-1– the target for the whole year! Tuesday, 30 August was just a regular day for the 2016 LHC run. However,  on that day, the integrated luminosity delivered to ATLAS and CMS reached 25 fb-1 – the target for the whole year! How did we get here? A large group of committed scientists and technical experts work behind the scenes at the LHC, ready to adapt to the quirks of this truly impressive machine. After the push to produce as many proton-proton collisions as possible before the summer conferences, several new ideas and production techniques (such as Bunch Compression Multiple Splitting, BCMS) have been incorporated in the operation of LHC in order to boost its performance even further. Thanks to these improvements, the LHC was routinely operated with peak luminos...

Présentation du volume

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Zwitter Vitez

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Dans de nombreuses disciplines scientifiques, le discours parlé représente depuis quelques décennies un objet de recherche proéminent. Ce fait s’explique probablement par deux caractéristiques principales du discours parlé: la structure complexe de sa matérialité et les fonctions variées de différentes pratiques langagières. C’est pourquoi le présent numéro réunit les articles basés sur les approches actuelles du discours parlé et sur les pratiques langagières spécifiques. Le volume est introduit par deux articles interdisciplinaires: Peter Garrard et Ahmed Samrah présentent le domaine de la pathologie du langage en donnant une revue fouillée sur les approches actuelles de l’analyse linguistique lors de la détection de la maladie d’Alzheimer, tandis que Harry Hollien donne un aperçu structuré sur le domaine de la phonétique judiciaire destiné à dévoiler l’identité des locuteurs et de détecter la déception dans le discours parlé. Les analyses explorant l’acquisition du langage commencent par l’article de Katharina Zipser qui examine la progression de structures grammaticales en les mettant en comparaison avec la compétence des apprenants et continuent par l’étude de Meta Lah proposant une évaluation des documents audiovisuels proposés aux apprenants de langue étrangère. Vesna Požgaj Hadži, Damir Horga et Tatjana Balažic Bulc remettent en question la corrélation entre la compétence linguistique et la fluence linguistique auprès de locuteurs non-maternels et l'analyse de Gemma Santiago Alonso aborde l'acquisition de l'article défini dans le langage enfantin. Les articles suivants se réunissent autour du domaine de l'interprétation: Jana Zidar Forte présente une approche actuelle dans l'entrainement d'interprètes, Lea Burjan analyse les phénomènes issus de la pratique de l'interprétation juridique et Simona  Šumrada traite de la reformulation dans le discours de la traduction et de

L'intégration des accélérateurs du CERN

CERN Document Server

Chemli, S; CERN. Geneva. TS Department

2008-01-01

L?intégration du LHC a ouvert des perspectives pour une gestion plus complète des accélérateurs du CERN. La base de données LAYOUT a permis d'assurer la continuité des phases de définition optique du projet, d'intégration 3D et de contrôles de conformité des installations. Les scans et modélisations 3D en couches des installations réalisées constituent un outil déterminant pour la préparation des interventions dans le cadre des procédures de sécurité ALARA. Il est proposé de reproduire cette méthodologie pour les nouveaux projets comme pour les accélérateurs existants. La mise à jour de l'anneau SPS dans LAYOUT semble être la priorité. La base de données SURVEY contient déjà une vue d'ensemble des accélérateurs, chaque composant étant référencé dans le Système de Coordonnées du CERN, selon les définitions théoriques "sources" au 1/100 mm. Base pour l'alignement, elle stocke également les positions réelles des machines. Elle complète ainsi l'information linéaire de LAY...

F-Paris: integrated electronic circuits [Tender

CERN Multimedia

2003-01-01

"Fourniture, montage et tests des circuits imprimes et modules multi composants pour le trajectographe central de CMS. Maximum de 12 000 circuits imprimes et modules multi-composants necessaires au trajectographe central de l'experience CMS aupres du Large Hadron Collider" (1 page).

Trigger system study of the dimuon spectrometer in the ALICE experiment at CERN-LHC; Etude du systeme de declenchement du spectrometre dimuons de l'experience alice au Cern-LHC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Roig, O

1999-12-01

This work is a contribution to the study of nucleus-nucleus collisions at the LHC with ALICE. The aim of this experiment is to search for a new phase of matter, the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). The dimuon forward spectrometer should measure one of the most promising probes of the QGP, the production of heavy quark vector mesons (J/{psi}, {gamma}, {gamma}', {gamma}'') through their muonic decays. The dimuon trigger selects the interesting events performing a cut on the transverse momentum of the tracks. The trigger decision is taken by a dedicated electronics using RPC (''Resistive Plate Chambers'') detector information. We have made our own R and D program on the RPC detector with various beam tests. We show the performances obtained during these tests of a low resistivity RPC operating in streamer mode. The ALICE requirements concerning the rate capability, the cluster size and the time resolution are fulfilled. We have optimised the trigger with simulations which include a complete description of the read-out planes and the trigger logic (algorithm). In particular, a technique of clustering is proposed and validated. A method called ''Ds reduction'' is introduced in order to limit the effects of combinatorial background on the trigger rates. The efficiencies and the trigger rates are calculated for Pb-Pb, Ca-Ca, p-p collisions at the LHC. Other more sophisticated cuts, on the invariant mass for example, using again the RPC information have been simulated but have not shown significant improvements of the trigger rates. (author)

Cirque du Monde et résilience : interaction entre les enjeux artistiques et les enjeux psychosociaux dans l'action de l'artiste social auprès de jeunes marginalisés

OpenAIRE

Gravel-Richard, Pascale

2008-01-01

Cette recherche en Études théâtrales se situe dans le domaine des arts populaires et communautaires et dans une perspective pédagogique des arts du cirque. Elle porte davantage sur les aspects relationnels et artistiques que sur les aspects techniques des arts du cirque. Ces derniers sont abordés dans la perspective plus large du développement de la personne. La présente étude fait appel aux sous-champs disciplinaires de la résilience et de la créativité, dans un contexte pédagogique d'éducat...

The LHC babies

CERN Multimedia

Laëtitia Pedroso

2011-01-01

With the machine restart and first collisions at 3.5 TeV, 2009 and 2010 were two action-packed years at the LHC. The events were a real media success, but one important result that remained well hidden was the ten births in the LHC team over the same period. The mothers – engineers, cryogenics experts and administrative assistants working for the LHC – confirm that it is possible to maintain a reasonable work-life balance. Two of them tell us more…   Verena Kain (left) and Reyes Alemany (right) in the CERN Control Centre. With the LHC running around the clock, LHC operations engineers have high-pressure jobs with unsociable working hours. These past two years, which will undoubtedly go down in the annals of CERN history, the LHC team had their work cut out, but despite their high-octane professional lives, several female members of the team took up no less of a challenge in their private lives, creating a mini-baby-boom by which the LHC start-up will also be remembe...

PDF4LHC recommendations for LHC Run II

CERN Document Server

Butterworth, Jon; Cooper-Sarkar, Amanda; De Roeck, Albert; Feltesse, Joel; Forte, Stefano; Gao, Jun; Glazov, Sasha; Huston, Joey; Kassabov, Zahari; McNulty, Ronan; Morsch, Andreas; Nadolsky, Pavel; Radescu, Voica; Rojo, Juan; Thorne, Robert

2016-01-01

We provide an updated recommendation for the usage of sets of parton distribution functions (PDFs) and the assessment of PDF and PDF+$\\alpha_s$ uncertainties suitable for applications at the LHC Run II. We review developments since the previous PDF4LHC recommendation, and discuss and compare the new generation of PDFs, which include substantial information from experimental data from the Run I of the LHC. We then propose a new prescription for the combination of a suitable subset of the available PDF sets, which is presented in terms of a single combined PDF set. We finally discuss tools which allow for the delivery of this combined set in terms of optimized sets of Hessian eigenvectors or Monte Carlo replicas, and their usage, and provide some examples of their application to LHC phenomenology.

RF upgrade program in LHC injectors and LHC machine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jensen, E.

2012-01-01

The main themes of the RF upgrade program are: the Linac4 project, the LLRF-upgrade and the study of a tuning-free wide-band system for PSB, the upgrade of the SPS 800 MHz amplifiers and beam controls and the upgrade of the transverse dampers of the LHC. Whilst LHC Splice Consolidation is certainly the top priority for LS1, some necessary RF consolidation and upgrade is necessary to assure the LHC performance for the next 3- year run period. This includes: 1) necessary maintenance and consolidation work that could not fit the shorter technical stops during the last years, 2) the upgrade of the SPS 200 MHz system from presently 4 to 6 cavities and possibly 3) the replacement of one LHC cavity module. On the longer term, the LHC luminosity upgrade requires crab cavities, for which some preparatory work in SPS Coldex must be scheduled during LS1. (author)

LHC@home is ready to support HiLumi LHC: take part!

CERN Multimedia

CERN Bulletin

2011-01-01

Recently relaunched, the LHC@home volunteer computing project is now ready to support the HiLumi LHC project, the design phase of the planned upgrade of the LHC that will increase its luminosity by a factor of 5 to 10 beyond its original design value. HiLumi will need massive simulations to test the beam dynamics. Whether you are at home or at work, you can help experts design the future LHC by connecting your computer to LHC@home. Go for it!   LHC@home is aimed at involving the public in real science. If you have a computer that is connected to the Internet, you can join the large team of volunteers who are already supporting its two main projects: Test4Theory, which runs computer simulations of high-energy particle collisions, and SixTrack, which is aimed at optimizing the LHC performance by performing beam dynamics simulations. In both cases, the software is designed to run only when your computer is idle and causes no disruption to your normal activities. To the simulations run by the Six...

Some LHC milestones...

CERN Multimedia

2008-01-01

October 1995 The LHC technical design report is published. This document details the operation and the architecture of the future accelerator. November 2000 The first of the 1232 main dipole magnets for the LHC are delivered. May 2005 The first interconnection between two magnets of the accelerator is made. To carry out the 1700 interconnections of the LHC, 123 000 operations are necessary. February 2006 The new CERN Control Centre, which combines all the control rooms for the accelerators, the cryogenics and the technical infrastructure, starts operation. The LHC will be controlled from here. October 2006 Construction of the largest refrigerator in the world is complete. The 27 km cryogenic distribution line inside the LHC tunnel will circulate helium in liquid and gas phases to provide cryogenic conditions for the superconducting magnets of the accelerator. November 2006 Magnet production for the LHC is complete. The last of t...

Évaluation du risque de dysglycémie dans la région de Kitikmeot (Nunavut au moyen de l'outil CANRISK

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ying Jiang

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction : L'Agence de la santé publique du Canada a adapté un outil finlandais de dépistage du diabète (FINDRISC dans le but de créer un outil, CANRISK, conçu sur mesure pour la population multiethnique du Canada. Cet outil a été élaboré à partir de données recueillies dans sept provinces canadiennes. Dans le but d'élargir son applicabilité aux populations des territoires nordiques, nous avons réalisé une étude auprès de la population majoritairement inuite de la région de Kitikmeot (Nunavut. Méthodologie : Nous avons recueilli des questionnaires CANRISK, des mesures physiques et des échantillons de sang auprès de participants vivant dans cinq collectivités de la région de Kitikmeot. Nous avons utilisé une régression logistique pour évaluer l'ajustement du modèle à l'aide des facteurs de risque de l'outil CANRISK d'origine associés à la dysglycémie (prédiabète et diabète. La dysglycémie a été évaluée au moyen d'un test de glycémie plasmatique à jeun (GPJ administré seul ou avec une épreuve d'hyperglycémie provoquée par voie orale. Nous avons mis au point les scores CANRISK des participants pour tester le fonctionnement de cet outil au sein d'une population inuite. Résultats : Au total, 303 personnes ont participé à l'étude. La moitié d'entre elles avaient moins de 45 ans, les deux tiers étaient des femmes et 84 % étaient inuites. Sur les 303 participants, 18 % étaient atteints de prédiabète et 4 % avaient un diabète non diagnostiqué. La probabilité de présenter un état dysglycémique augmentait de façon exponentielle avec l'âge et la relation avec l'indice de masse corporelle (IMC suivait une courbe en U. Par rapport aux résultats d'analyse en laboratoire, l'outil CANRISK avec un seuil de 32 points a présenté une sensibilité de 61 %, une spécificité de 66 %, une valeur prédictive positive de 34 % et un taux d'exactitude de 65 %. Conclusion : L'outil CANRISK a permis de d

Tagging calibration of the jets from beauty quarks and the search for Higgs boson in the tt-bar H {yields} l{nu}b, jjb, bb-bar channel in the ATLAS experiment at LHC; Calibration de l'etiquetage de jets issus de quarks beaux et recherche du boson de Higgs dans le canal tt-barH {yields} l{nu}b, jjb, bb-bar dans l'experience ATLAS aupres du LHC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Correard, Sebastien [Faculte des Sciences de Luminy, Universite de la Mediterranee, Aix-Marseille II, 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 09 (France)

2006-02-15

B-tagging calibration and search for the Higgs boson in the tt-bar H {yields} l{nu}b, jjb, bb-bar channel with ATLAS at LHC The ATLAS experiment, based at CERN, will use the LHC proton collisions to deepen the Standard Model measurements, and look for possible signs of new physics. One of its main tasks will be the search for the Higgs boson. This thesis first describes the latest b-tagging algorithms, shows the importance of its calibration, and proposes a b-tagging calibration method based on the first data recorded by ATLAS. Then, considering that the Higgs boson may be light (m{sub H} < 135 GeV/c{sup 2}), the ttH channel is studied, with H decaying in a b quark pair. Full simulation and the latest realistic b-tagging methods have been combined for the first time. For an integrated luminosity of 30 fb{sup -1} (3 years of data taking), the S/{radical}B ratio, determining the sensitivity of this analysis, is raised to 4.9. This should allow a non-ambiguous observation of the Higgs boson in this channel. (author)

Genre et harcèlement entre pairs à l'école primaire: analyse quantitative et qualitative des résultats d'une enquête de prévalence du harcèlement au prisme des études de genre

OpenAIRE

Barby Carole; Jaffé Philip D.

2013-01-01

Cette recherche a pour objet le harcèlement entre pairs à l’école primaire, examiné sous l’angle des études de genre. Menée en Valais (Suisse), elle se base sur les données d’une enquête de prévalence organisée par l’Institut universitaire Kurt Bösch et la Haute école pédagogique du Valais auprès de 4091 enfants âgés de 10 à 13 ans. Les résultats mettent en évidence des variations significatives dans les proportions de filles et de garçons victimes et auteurs des différentes formes de victima...

LHC Report: a record start for LHC ion operation

CERN Multimedia

Jan Uythoven for the LHC Team

2011-01-01

After the technical stop, the LHC switched over to ion operation, colliding lead-ions on lead-ions. The recovery from the technical stop was very smooth, and records for ion luminosity were set during the first days of ion operation.   The LHC technical stop ended on the evening of Friday, 11 November. The recovery from the technical stop was extremely smooth, and already that same evening ion beams were circulating in the LHC. ‘Stable beams’ were declared the same night, with 2 x 2 bunches of ions circulating in the LHC, allowing the experiments to have their first look at ion collisions this year. However, the next step-up in intensity – colliding 170 x 170 bunches – was postponed due to a vacuum problem in the PS accelerator, so the collisions on Sunday, 13 November were confined to 9 x 9 bunches. The vacuum problem was solved, and on the night of Monday, 14 November, trains of 24 lead bunches were injected into the LHC and 170 x 170 bunches were brough...

Soutien organisationnel de la phase 2 de l'ITT : Desarrollo ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'ID cherche à contribuer aux connaissances et à influencer la conception de politiques publiques dans le domaine de l'économie et du développement social. ... grâce à un engagement actif auprès des médias et des intervenants politiques;

Changements climatiques | Page 38 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

environnement en Angola, un bénéficiaire de subvention de longue date du CRDI conjugue des observations obtenues par satellite et des données recueillies grâce à des moyens traditionnels auprès de collectivités. Read more about Compter ...

Dispositif hybride du Cours d'Insertion Professionnelle - un outil pour enseigner le français dans une visée professionnalisante

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

NGUYEN Thi Thanh Huong

2016-12-01

Full Text Available En vue de mettre en place un outil professionnalisant au sein des cursus universitaires francophones, un groupe d’enseignants-chercheurs de l’Institut Polytechnique de Hanoï a créé un dispositif hybride implanté sur la plate-forme Moodle au Campus Numérique Francophone partenaire de Cantho. Cet outil favorise une approche pédagogique innovante intégrant les TICE. Les séances en présentiel et à distance permettent de développer des compétences plus autonomes et plus dynamiques avec notamment un exercice final de simulation d’entretien d’embauche menée par des recruteurs professionnels. Grâce à l’expérimentation de ce dispositif et à une enquête réalisée auprès des étudiants, nous analysons sa portée du point de vue des recruteurs et des étudiants.

De nouveaux acteurs de la régulation du travail dans la gestion par projets

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marie-Josée Legault

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Dans le contexte d’une grande transformation de l’économie mondiale, on constate de plus en plus l’inadéquation des efforts de théorisation des relations de travail qui datent du fordisme, notamment du modèle d’analyse systémique (Dunlop, 1958 comme du modèle stratégique (Kochan, Katz et McKersie, 1986 ; dans ces deux modèles en effet, trois acteurs se partagent exclusivement la scène de l’action : les syndicats, les employeurs et l’État, et leurs interactions se déroulent essentiellement dans le cadre de l’État-nation. Or, on voit émerger de nouveaux modes de régulation qui, à leur tour, illustrent la nécessité d’intégrer de nouveaux acteurs et de nouvelles frontières aux modèles théoriques du système de relations industrielles. Une enquête menée auprès de 88 professionnels de l’informatique des entreprises de services technologiques aux entreprises, dans une population composée à parts égales d’hommes et de femmes, a permis d’y relever des pratiques de régulation qui non seulement remettent en cause les termes traditionnels de la régulation fordiste qui hier encore dominaient les bureaucraties professionnelles où on employait les professionnels de l’informatique, mais encore les frontières traditionnelles du système de relations industrielles selon deux aspects : celui des trois acteurs principaux : les employeurs, les travailleurs et l’État, par l’ajout du client et des équipes de travail ; et celui de la séparation entre les contextes du système de relations industrielles et ce système lui-même.As the global economy undergoes a major transformation, the inadequacy of labour relations theories dating back to Fordism, especially the systemic analysis model (Dunlop, 1958 and the strategic model (Kochan, Katz, & McKersie, 1986, in which only three actors—union, employer and State—share the stage is becoming increasingly obvious. A good example is provided by companies

LHC report

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2010-01-01

This week's Report, by Gianluigi Arduini,  will be included in the LHC Physics Day, dedicated to the reviews of the LHC physics results presented at ICHEP 2010. Seehttp://indico.cern.ch/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=102669 

PDF4LHC recommendations for LHC Run II

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Butterworth, Jon; Carrazza, Stefano; Cooper-Sarkar, Amanda; Roeck, Albert de; Feltesse, Joel; Forte, Stefano; Gao, Jun; Glazov, Sasha; Huston, Joey; Kassabov, Zahari; McNulty, Ronan; Morsch, Andreas; Nadolsky, Pavel; Radescu, Voica; Rojo, Juan; Thorne, Robert S.

2015-01-01

We provide an updated recommendation for the usage of sets of parton distribution functions (PDFs) and the assessment of PDF and PDF+$\\alpha_s$ uncertainties suitable for applications at the LHC Run II. We review developments since the previous PDF4LHC recommendation, and discuss and compare the new

Keeping HL-LHC accountable

CERN Multimedia

2015-01-01

This week saw the cost and schedule of the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) projects come under close scrutiny from the external review committee set up for the purpose.    HL-LHC, whose implementation requires an upgrade to the CERN injector complex, responds directly to one of the key recommendations of the updated European Strategy for Particle Physics, which urges CERN to prepare for a ‘major luminosity upgrade’, a recommendation that is also perfectly in line with the P5 report on the US strategy for the field. Responding to this recommendation, CERN set up the HL-LHC project in 2013, partially supported by FP7 funding through the HiLumi LHC Design Study (2011-2015), and coordinated with the American LARP project, which oversees the US contribution to the upgrade. A key element of HL-LHC planning is a mechanism for receiving independent expert advice on all aspects of the project.  To this end, several technical reviews h...

LHC-B: a dedicated LHC collider beauty experiment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Erhan, S.

1995-01-01

LHC-B is a forward detector optimized for the study of CP-violation and other rare phenomena in the decays of beauty particles at the LHC. An open geometry forward detector design, with good mass, vertex resolution and particle identification, will facilitate the collection of a large numbers of event samples in diverse B decay channels and allow for a thorough understanding of the systematic uncertainties. With the expected large event statistics, LHC-B will be able to test the closure of the unitarity triangle and make sensitive tests of the Standard Model description of CP-violation. Here we describe the experiment and summarize its anticipated performance. (orig.)

L’efficacité du conseil d’administration dans les sociétés anonymes au Cameroun: Une lecture par l’hétérogénéité des administrateurs

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Georges Kriyoss Mfouapon

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Le but de cet article est d’analyser l’effet de l’homogénéité ou de l’hétérogénéité du profil des administrateurs sur l’efficacité de leur conseil d’administration (CA. Les données analysées sont collectées auprès de 386 administrateurs répartis sur un échantillon de 64 CA des sociétés anonymes (SA installées au Cameroun. Les résultats obtenus indiquent que l’homogénéité socioprofessionnelle, de l’indépendance et clanique du CA sont d’une influence notable sur leur efficacité. Ces résultats montrent, en fait que, l’hétérogénéité du CA est source d’efficacité supérieure dans les choix stratégiques, et d’inefficacité dans les opérations de contrôle et de surveillance de l’équipe dirigeante. Ces résultats s’inscrivent dans la même perspective que les travaux d’Hambrick & Mason (1984 sur la Upper Echelons Research, la théorie de la régulation clanique d’Ouchi (1980 et constituent en même temps une confirmation des résultats de Jensen (1993.

Ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy of Zinc Phthalocynine (ZnPc) and light harvesting complex II (LHC II)

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Ombinda-Lemboumba, Saturnin

2009-07-01

Full Text Available pump-probe spectroscopy of Zinc Phthalocynine (ZnPc) and light harvesting complex II (LHC II) SAIP 7-10 July 2009, University of Kwazulu Natal. S. Ombinda-Lemboumba1, 2 A. du Plessis1, L. Botha1, D.E. Roberts1, P. Molukanele1, 3, R.W. Sparrow3, E... and phtobiology (2008) Page 12 Conclusion SAIP 7-10 July 2009, University of Kwazulu natal Femto group © CSIR 2008 www.csir.co.za • Presented our method of correcting chirp induced by white light generation. • Pump...

A study of some radioprotection apparatuses used in the case of pool reactors; Etude de quelques dispositifs de radioprotection en service aupres des piles piscines

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Robien, E de; Choudens, H de; Delpuech, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Grenoble (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1965-07-01

Various problems of radioprotection concerning swimming-pool reactors in Grenoble have led us to study adequate solutions: a) The automatic verification of the staff-radioactivity when coming out of Melusine or Siloe has been realized thanks to a {beta}{gamma} gate which is insensitive to the ambient background in the reactor-hall; b) The automatic verification of the contamination of the shoes of the agents working in these reactors has been realized with a dedicated device; c) The necessity to measure precisely {gamma} doses with the help of an autonomous apparatus has led to the making of a plastic-scintillator {gamma} dosimeter; d) The obligation to forbid the opening of doors in some places where there might be a great intensity of radiation, has led us to make doors open according to the intensity of radiation inside the rooms; e) The releases of radioactive iodine have been measured with activated charcoal cartridges that surround a scintillator connected with a unique channel selector; f) Finally the control of reactor safety rod fall in case of a radioactive accident has been secured by a chain whose detector is a chamber immersed in the swimming-pool, which offers, in the particular case of the hot thickness swimming-pool reactor a double advantage: first it enables us to regulate the upper hot water layer, second to get free of transitory radiations which appear in the reactor hall as the experimental apparatuses are taken out from the core. (authors) [French] Differents problemes de radioprotection se posant aupres des piles piscines de Grenoble, ils ont necessite l'etude de solutions particulieres: a) le controle automatique de la radioactivite du personnel sortant de Melusine ou de Siloe a ete realise a l'aide d'un portique {beta}{gamma} insensible au bruit de fond ambiant du hall des piles; b) le controle automatique de la contamination des souliers des agents travaillant dans ces piles a ete realise par une passerelle pieds {beta}{gamma}; c) la

: tous les projets | Page 304 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Sujet: NATURAL DISASTERS, EARTHQUAKES, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, NEEDS ASSESSMENT, EMERGENCY RELIEF. Région: Haiti, North and Central America, South America. Programme: Gouvernance et justice. Financement total : CA$ 103,500.00. Enquête auprès des ménages par suite du séisme en Haïti ...

LHC synchronization test successful

CERN Multimedia

The synchronization of the LHC's clockwise beam transfer system and the rest of CERN's accelerator chain was successfully achieved last weekend. Tests began on Friday 8 August when a single bunch of a few particles was taken down the transfer line from the SPS accelerator to the LHC. After a period of optimization, one bunch was kicked up from the transfer line into the LHC beam pipe and steered about 3 kilometres around the LHC itself on the first attempt. On Saturday, the test was repeated several times to optimize the transfer before the operations group handed the machine back for hardware commissioning to resume on Sunday. The anti-clockwise synchronization systems will be tested over the weekend of 22 August.Picture:http://lhc-injection-test.web.cern.ch/lhc-injection-test/

Seminar-Results of questionnaires

CERN Multimedia

Rousseau

1983-01-01

Le Prof.Rousseau qui a mené avec son équipe l'enquète auprès du personnel du Cern explique et montre comment on prépare une telle enquête p.ex. pour une politique du personnel et qu'est-ce qu'on peut attendre. Le Prof. Rousseau qui avait au départ une formation d'économiste, est maintenant Prof. de psychologie du travail à l'Université de Neuchâtel et passait aussi plusieurs années à Montreal. Ensuite il a travaillé dans l'industrie et donné des cours dans différentes universités, tout en étant consultant dans l'industrie, toujours pour des questions du personnel.

Safe LHC beam commissioning

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Uythoven, J.; Schmidt, R.

2007-01-01

Due to the large amount of energy stored in magnets and beams, safety operation of the LHC is essential. The commissioning of the LHC machine protection system will be an integral part of the general LHC commissioning program. A brief overview of the LHC Machine Protection System will be given, identifying the main components: the Beam Interlock System, the Beam Dumping System, the Collimation System, the Beam Loss Monitoring System and the Quench Protection System. An outline is given of the commissioning strategy of these systems during the different commissioning phases of the LHC: without beam, injection and the different phases with stored beam depending on beam intensity and energy. (author)

Tracking detectors for the sLHC, the LHC upgrade

CERN Document Server

Sadrozinski, Hartmut F W

2005-01-01

The plans for an upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to the Super-LHC (sLHC) are reviewed with special consideration of the environment for the inner tracking system. A straw-man detector upgrade for ATLAS is presented, which is motivated by the varying radiation levels as a function of radius, and choices for detector geometries and technologies are proposed, based on the environmental constraints. A few promising technologies for detectors are discussed, both for sensors and for the associated front-end electronics. On-going research in silicon detectors and in ASIC technologies will be crucial for the success of the upgrade.

Résultats de recherche | Page 36 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

La guerre en Syrie, qui dure depuis six ans, a causé d'importants déplacements de populations vers les pays avoisinants, y compris le Liban, où se trouvaient, en janvier 2015, 1,2 million de Syriens inscrits auprès du Haut-Commissariat des Nations. Projet ...

Towards LHC experiments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1992-01-01

As plans for the LHC proton collider to be built in CERN's 27-kilometre LEP tunnel take shape, interest widens to bring in the experiments exploiting the big machine. The first public presentations of 'expressions of interest' for LHC experiments featured from 5-8 March at Evian-les-Bains on the shore of Lake Geneva, some 50 kilometres from CERN, at the special Towards the LHC Experimental Programme' meeting

LHC Report: astounding availability

CERN Multimedia

Andrea Apollonio for the LHC team

2016-01-01

The LHC is off to an excellent start in 2016, having already produced triple the luminosity of 2015. An important factor in the impressive performance so far this year is the unprecedented machine availability.   LHC integrated luminosity in 2011, 2012, 2015 and 2016 and the prediction of the 2016 performance foreseen at the start of the year. Following the 2015-2016 end of year shutdown, the LHC restarted beam operation in March 2016. Between the restart and the first technical stop (TS1) in June, the LHC's beam intensity was successively increased, achieving operation with 2040 bunches per beam. The technical stop on 7-8 June was shortened to maximise the time available for luminosity production for the LHC experiments before the summer conferences. Following the technical stop, operation resumed and quickly returned to the performance levels previously achieved. Since then, the LHC has been running steadily with up to 2076 bunches per beam. Since the technical stop, a...

LHC Report: LHC smashes collision records

CERN Multimedia

Sarah Charley

2016-01-01

The Large Hadron Collider is now producing more than a billion proton-proton collisions per second.   The LHC is colliding protons at a faster rate than ever before: approximately 1 billion times per second. Since April 2016, the LHC has delivered more than 30 inverse femtobarns (fb-1) to both ATLAS and CMS. This means that around 2.4 quadrillion (2.4 million billion) collisions have been seen by each of the experiments this year. The inverse femtobarn is the unit of measurement for integrated luminosity, indicating the cumulative number of potential collisions. This compares with the total of 33.2 fb-1 produced between 2010 and 2015. The unprecedented performance this year is the result of both the incremental increases in collision rate and the sheer amount of time the LHC has been up and running. This comes after a slow start-up in 2015, when scientists and engineers still needed to learn how to operate the machine at a much higher energy. “With more energy, the machine is much more sen...

laitiers : Bioaccumulation et risques d'exposition

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AKA BOKO

POC) dans le lait de vache et du beurre élaboré traditionnellement. Ainsi, 90 échantillons de lait et. 45 échantillons de beurre ont été collectés auprès des éleveurs installés dans les régions de Buyo, Grand-lahou et Yamoussoukro.

LHC collimator controls for a safe LHC operation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Redaelli, S.; Assmann, R.; Losito, R.; Donze, M.; Masi, A.

2012-01-01

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) collimation system is designed to protect the machine against beam losses and consists of 108 collimators, 100 of which are movable, located along the 27 km long ring and in the transfer lines. The cleaning performance and machine protection role of the system depend critically on accurate jaw positioning. A fully redundant control system has been developed to ensure that the collimators dynamically follow optimum settings in all phases of the LHC operational cycle. Jaw positions and collimator gaps are interlocked against dump limits defined redundantly as functions of time, beam energy and the β functions, which describe the focusing property of the beams. In this paper, the architectural choices that guarantee a safe LHC operation are presented. Hardware and software implementations that ensure the required performance are described. (authors)

Top quark studies with Atlas at the LHC. Electromagnetic calorimeter commissioning; Etude du quark top avec Atlas au LHC. Mise en route du calorimetre electromagnetique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Resende Vaz de Melo Xavier, B

2007-05-15

The first proton-proton collisions in the Large Hadron Collider at CERN will take place on 2007. It aims at understanding the origins of mass. and it will also look for new physics. The ATLAS experiment will exploit all those physics potentialities. using a multilayer generalist detector. Quark top studies will be an important step in ATLAS physics program: its properties may reveal hints of new phenomena. One way to look for new physics is through quark top and W boson polarizations. which are studied here. This detailed simulation study has confirmed previous fast simulation results including extensive systematics estimation. ATLAS should thus yield a precision of a few percents with 10 fb{sup -1} of data. that is a year of LHC working. This precision is sufficient to select among several new physics models. Among ATLAS subsystems, the electromagnetic calorimeter plays a crucial role in the characterisation of electrons and photons. which are used in particular for the Higgs boson search. This document deals with the calorimeter commissioning as the time of the first collisions approaches. The detector itself and its electronics will be described, as well as its installation and calibration. Cosmic muons observation will then be presented. as the first overall test of the reading and reconstruction electronics chain in actual working conditions. (author)

LHC Report: The beam is back at the LHC

CERN Multimedia

Reyes Alemany

2015-01-01

A series of sector beam tests paved the way for the start-up of the LHC in 2008 and 2009. These tests and the follow-up of the issues that arose were part of the process that led to a smooth start-up with beam.   Given this experience, sector tests were scheduled to take place several weeks before the 2015 start-up. On the weekend of 6-9 March, beam from the SPS was injected into both LHC injection regions, followed by a first pass through the downstream LHC sectors. For the clockwise LHC beam (called “beam 1”) this meant passing through ALICE and into Sector 2-3, while the anticlockwise beam (called “beam 2”) was threaded through LHCb and all the way from Point 8 to Point 6, where it was extracted by the beam dump kickers onto the beam dump block. The dry runs in the previous weeks were mainly targeted at preparation for the sector tests. The systems tested included: injection, timing, synchronisation and beam instrumentation. The beam interlock ...

Etude du système de déclenchement électronique pour le projet HL-LHC et recherche de nouvelle physique dans le spectre de masse invariante top anti-top au sein de l'expérience CMS du LHC

CERN Document Server

Beaupère, Nicolas; Perriès, S

This manuscript describes my thesis work within the CMS experiment of the LHC collider. It presents both subjects on which I worked: a detector subject and a data analysis subject. The first subject, detector, is situated within the framework of the HL-LHC project which plans an increase by a factor five the instantaneous luminosity. Such an increase and the preservation of the high level trigger (HLT) system, generate new constraints on the CMS detector. This is particularly true for the electronic trigger (L1) system. The CMS collaboration intends to implant this within tracker detector. the associative memorie method is proposed. However, associative memorie method require a clever preselection of electric signals to be usable. The cluster width method is proposed to preselecte electric signals. The optimization of this method, in particular geometrical parameters of modules and thresholds applied for the electric signals preselection, is the result of my own work. It is detailed throughout the part III of...

Devenir victime des pesticides:Le recours au droit et ses effets sur la mobilisation des agriculteurs Phyto-victimes

OpenAIRE

Jouzel, Jean-Noël; Prete, Giovanni

2014-01-01

Cet article analyse les effets du recours au droit sur la mobilisation des travailleurs agricoles victimes des pesticides. Il repose sur une enquête qualitative auprès des membres de l’association Phyto-victimes, qui réunit ces agriculteurs, ainsi que de leurs proches et des professionnels du droit avec lesquels ils interagissent. À partir de ce matériau, nous retraçons les parcours suivis par les agriculteurs pour obtenir une reconnaissance de leur statut de victimes des pesticides. Nous ren...

Études sur la reconstruction des électrons et mesure de la section efficace de production de paires de quarks top dans les canaux dileptoniques dans l’expérience ATLAS auprès du LHC

CERN Document Server

Theveneaux-Pelzer, Timothée

The LHC produced proton-proton collision data with 7 TeV of center of mass energy corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 40 pb-1 in 2010 and of 5 fb-1 in 2011. The data collected by ATLAS have led to the validation the understanding of the detector, to the evaluation of its performance and to many measurements of physical quantities. In this context the top quark is a privileged field of study for TeV scale physics as well as for performance studies. After a reminder of the phenomenology of the standard model the first part of this thesis is devoted to the description of the detector and in particular of the liquid argon calorimeters for which the influence of the variations of the high voltage values is detailed. The second part is focused on studies about the reconstruction and the identification of electrons conducted on simulated data, but also on 2010 collision data thanks to J/psi->e+e- events with the tag-and-probe method. The last part is devoted to top quark studies. A description of the...

Le mélèze en Région wallonne. Etat des lieux et stations potentielles

OpenAIRE

Claessens, Hugues; Lecomte, H.; Pauwels, D.

2002-01-01

Le mélèze a été introduit en Belgique dans la deuxième moitié du XVIIIe siècle. Il s’agissait alors du mélèze d’Europe, surtout implanté à des fins esthétiques ou d’enrichissement de forêts feuillues. Quant au mélèze du Japon, il a été importé en Europe à la fin du XIXe siècle. Ce n’est qu’à partir des années ’50 que les mélèzes ont eu du succès auprès des sylviculteurs. Ils l’ont planté le plus souvent par parquets purs après d’autres résineux ou en transformation de peuplements feuillus de ...

Physics perspectives with AFTER@LHC (A Fixed Target ExpeRiment at LHC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Massacrier L.

2018-01-01

Full Text Available AFTER@LHC is an ambitious fixed-target project in order to address open questions in the domain of proton and neutron spins, Quark Gluon Plasma and high-x physics, at the highest energy ever reached in the fixed-target mode. Indeed, thanks to the highly energetic 7 TeV proton and 2.76 A.TeV lead LHC beams, center-of-mass energies as large as sNN = 115 GeV in pp/pA and sNN = 72 GeV in AA can be reached, corresponding to an uncharted energy domain between SPS and RHIC. We report two main ways of performing fixed-target collisions at the LHC, both allowing for the usage of one of the existing LHC experiments. In these proceedings, after discussing the projected luminosities considered for one year of data taking at the LHC, we will present a selection of projections for light and heavy-flavour production.

GAC-EPA

CERN Document Server

GAC-EPA

2016-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : mardi 4 octobre de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel. Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 1er et 29 novembre 2016. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires.

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2016-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : le mardi 29 novembre de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/. e-mail : gac-epa@gac-epa.org.

HL-LHC alternatives

CERN Document Server

Tomás, R; White, S

2014-01-01

The HL-LHC parameters assume unexplored regimes for hadron colliders in various aspects of accelerator beam dynamics and technology. This paper reviews three alternatives that could potentially improve the LHC performance: (i) the alternative filling scheme 8b+4e, (ii) the use of a 200 MHz RF system in the LHC and (iii) the use of proton cooling methods to reduce the beam emittance (at top energy and at injection). The alternatives are assessed in terms of feasibility, pros and cons, risks versus benefits and the impact on beam availability.

The super-LHC

CERN Document Server

Mangano, Michelangelo L

2010-01-01

We review here the prospects of a long-term upgrade programme for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), CERN laboratory's new proton-proton collider. The super-LHC, which is currently under evaluation and design, is expected to deliver of the order of ten times the statistics of the LHC. In addition to a non-technical summary of the principal physics arguments for the upgrade, I present a pedagogical introduction to the technological challenges on the accelerator and experimental fronts, and a review of the current status of the planning.

LHC Supertable

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pereira, M.; Lahey, T.E.; Lamont, M.; Mueller, G.J.; Teixeira, D.D.; McCrory, E.S.

2012-01-01

LHC operations generate enormous amounts of data. This data is being stored in many different databases. Hence, it is difficult for operators, physicists, engineers and management to have a clear view on the overall accelerator performance. Until recently the logging database, through its desktop interface TIMBER, was the only way of retrieving information on a fill-by-fill basis. The LHC Supertable has been developed to provide a summary of key LHC performance parameters in a clear, consistent and comprehensive format. The columns in this table represent main parameters that describe the collider operation such as luminosity, beam intensity, emittance, etc. The data is organized in a tabular fill-by-fill manner with different levels of detail. Particular emphasis was placed on data sharing by making data available in various open formats. Typically the contents are calculated for periods of time that map to the accelerator's states or beam modes such as Injection, Stable Beams, etc. Data retrieval and calculation is triggered automatically after the end of each fill. The LHC Supertable project currently publishes 80 columns of data on around 100 fills. (authors)

Étude ethnobotanique et screening phytochimique de Caesalpinia ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Administrateur

Les informations ethnobotaniques obtenues auprès de dix (10) tradithérapeutes du canton N'Gadié dans le Département d'Adzopé montrent que l'utilisation de Caesalpinia benthamiana (Caesalpiniaceae) (Cb) contribue significativement aux soins de santé primaire pour le traitement des troubles de l'érection. En effet, sur ...

HL-LHC updates in Japan

CERN Multimedia

Antonella Del Rosso

2014-01-01

At a recent meeting in Japan, updates on the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) project were presented, including the progress made so far and the deadlines still to be met for the upgraded machine to be operational from 2020.   New magnets made with advanced superconductor Nb3Sn in the framework of the HL-LHC project. These magnets are currently under construction at CERN by the TE-MSC group. The LHC is the world’s most powerful particle accelerator, and in 2015 it will reach yet another new record for the energy of its colliding beams. One key factor of its discovery potential is its ability to produce collisions described in mathematical terms by the parameter known as “luminosity”. In 2025, the HL-LHC project will allow the total number of collisions in the LHC to increase by a factor of 10. The first step in this rich upgrade programme is the delivery of the Preliminary Design Report (PDR), which is also a key milestone of the HiLumi LHC Design Study partly fund...

LHC luminosity upgrade detector challenges

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva; de Roeck, Albert; Bortoletto, Daniela; Wigmans, Richard; Riegler, Werner; Smith, Wesley H

2006-01-01

LHC luminosity upgrade: detector challenges The upgrade of the LHC machine towards higher luminosity (1035 cm -2s-1) has been studied over the last few years. These studies have investigated scenarios to achieve the increase in peak luminosity by an order of magnitude, as well as the physics potential of such an upgrade and the impact of a machine upgrade on the LHC DETECTORS. This series of lectures will cover the following topics: • Physics motivation and machine scenarios for an order of magnitude increase in the LHC peak luminosity (lecture 1) • Detector challenges including overview of ideas for R&D programs by the LHC experiments: tracking and calorimetry, other new detector developments (lectures 2-4) • Electronics, trigger and data acquisition challenges (lecture 5) Note: the much more ambitious LHC energy upgrade will not be covered

Actes des 5èmes Journées Scientifiques du GDR3544 Sciences du Bois. Journées Annuelles du GDR 3544 Sciences du Bois

OpenAIRE

CHAPLAIN, Myriam; CARE, Sabine; GRIL, Joseph

2016-01-01

Le Groupement de Recherche en Sciences du bois (GDR3544 Sciences du Bois) a été créé en 2012 par le CNRS et renouvelé en 2016 pour 5 ans. La mission de ce groupement est : (1) de structurer la recherche sur le bois en France pour lui donner une visibilité nationale, (2) de contribuer au développement de la formation en sciences du bois et (3) de servir de relai aux réseaux internationaux de sciences du bois. Les 5èmes journées annuelles du GDR Bois ont été organisées à Bordeaux, au domaine du...

LHC Luminosity Performance

CERN Document Server

AUTHOR|(CDS)2091107; Fuchsberger, Kajetan; Papotti, Giulia

This thesis adresses several approaches with the common goal of assessing, understanding and improving the luminosity of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). To better exploit existing margins for maximum luminosity while fulfilling the requirements of the LHC experiments, new techniques for luminosity levelling are studied and developed to an operational state, such as changing the crossing angle or $\\beta^*$ (beam size) at the interaction points with the beams in collisions. In 2017 LHC operation, the crossing angle reduction in collisions improved the integrated luminosity by $\\mathrm{\\sim} 2\\,\\mathrm{fb^{-1}}$ ($\\mathrm{\\sim} 4\\,\\mathrm{\\%}$ of the yearly production). For additional diagnostics, a new method for measuring beam sizes and orbits for each circulating bunch using the luminosity measurement during beam separation scans is shown. The results of these Emittance Scans improved the understanding of the LHC luminosity reach and of the orbit offsets introduced by beam-beam long-range effects.

Les campagnes communautaires de promotion du depistage VIH en Afrique de l’Ouest : perceptions des usagers au Burkina Faso

Science.gov (United States)

Desclaux, Alice; Ky-Zerbo, Odette; Somé, Jean-François; Makhlouf-Obermeyer, Carla

2014-01-01

Résumé La politique actuelle de lutte contre le sida qui repose sur l’extension de l’accès aux traitements et à la prévention exige qu’une proportion élevée de la population connaisse son statut en matière de VIH. Pour cela, l’OMS a proposé le développement de stratégies communautaires délivrant le dépistage et le conseil au-delà des services de soins, comme le test à domicile ou les campagnes de sensibilisation et dépistage de grande envergure, appliqués en Afrique australe et de l’Est. Pour définir les stratégies pertinentes dans des régions de basse prévalence comme l’Afrique de l’Ouest, les expériences communautaires de promotion du dépistage doivent y être évaluées. Cet article présente une évaluation des campagnes au Burkina Faso du point de vue des usagers. Dans le cadre d’un projet sur les pratiques et l’éthique du dépistage dans quatre pays africains (MATCH), une enquête qualitative spécifique a été menée pendant la campagne de 2008, auprès de personnes ayant fait le test pendant la campagne, ayant fait le test hors campagne ou n’ayant pas fait le test. Les appréciations sont globalement très favorables aux campagnes, notamment à cause de l’information dispensée, l’accessibilité des sites, la gratuité du test, la qualité des services et l’effet d’entrainement. Les limites ou critiques sont essentiellement liées à l’affluence ou à la crainte de ne pas être soutenu en cas de résultat positif. La démarche de recours au test ne fait plus l’objet de suspicion, au moins pendant la campagne. Cette « normalisation » du recours au test et la mobilisation collective facilitent des pratiques en groupe, ce qui peut rendre difficile de garder son statut VIH secret. L’évaluation des campagnes par les usagers les présente comme une opportunité pour accéder facilement au test et pour communiquer à ce sujet dans divers espaces sociaux à partir des informations délivrées sur le VIH

Annonce du diagnostic et rupture biographique

African Journals Online (AJOL)

aussi bien que par l'initiation de médecins diplômés en médecine générale à travailler .... entretiens auprès de différents membres des équipes de soins (plus .... de sa pratique médicale étant lui-même au cœur d' une vision sotériologique . En ... Et toujours selon les spécialistes, cette stratégie convient aux besoins et ...

LHC preparations change gear

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1995-01-01

After the formal approval by CERN Council in December (January, page 1) of the LHC protonproton collider for CERN's 27- kilometre LEP tunnel, preparations for the new machine change gear. Lyndon Evans becomes LHC Project Leader, and CERN's internal structure will soon be reorganized to take account of the project becoming a definite commitment. On the experimental side, the full Technical Proposals for the big general purpose ATLAS and CMS detectors were aired at a major meeting of the LHC Committee at CERN in January. These Technical Proposals are impressive documents each of some several hundred pages. (Summaries of the detector designs will appear in forthcoming issues of the CERN Courier.) The ALICE heavy ion experiment is not far behind, and plans for other LHC experiments are being developed. Playing an important role in this groundwork has been the Detector Research and Development Committee (DRDC), founded in 1990 to foster detector development for the LHC experimental programme and structured along the lines of a traditional CERN Experiments Committee. Established under the Director Generalship of Carlo Rubbia and initially steered by Research Director Walter Hoogland, the DRDC has done sterling work in blazing a trail for LHC experiments. Acknowledging that the challenge of LHC experimentation needs technological breakthroughs as well as specific detector subsystems, DRDC proposals have covered a wide front, covering readout electronics and computing as well as detector technology. Its first Chairman was Enzo larocci, succeeded in 1993 by Michal Turala. DRDC's role was to evaluate proposals, and make recommendations to CERN's Research Board for approval and resource allocation, not an easy task when the LHC project itself had yet to be formally approved. Over the years, a comprehensive portfolio of detector development has been built up, much of which has either led to specific LHC detector subsystems for traditional detector tasks

Du devenir de la notion de documentaire à l’ONF : des discours aux formes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Caroline Zéau

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Résumé La production documentaire fut toujours l’armature du mandat de l’Office national du film du Canada. Pour garantir la légitimité du cinéma auprès des instances publiques, son fondateur John Grierson a pris appui sur l’assise conceptuelle de l’Idée documentaire, une conception programmatique du cinéma qui soumettait celui-ci à la cause publique. Plus que jamais aujourd’hui, l’héritage de John Grierson est invoqué pour caractériser les valeurs associées à la mission de l’ONF, comme en témoignent les documents de communication produits par l’organisme. Plusieurs questions se posent alors : pourquoi la résurgence du lexique griersonien est-elle jugée pertinente aujourd’hui ? Et quelles sont les équivalences présupposées par ce retour aux sources ? Dans cet article, l’auteure se propose d’étudier la place et les valeurs aujourd’hui accordées à la notion de documentaire et aux objets qu’elle recouvre au sein des discours et des formes produits par l’ONF dans le cadre de la mutation technologique qui redéfinit sa mission et ses priorités depuis 2008. Ainsi seront examinées les déclinaisons terminologiques qui s’y rapportent—sur le site ONF.ca et les plans stratégiques 2008-2013 et 2013-2018—parallèlement à l’étude des formes nouvelles de documentaires produites pour les canaux de diffusion numériques qui définissent le champ de l’art interactif. Abstract Documentary production has always been central to the mandate of the National Film Board of Canada (NFB. To ensure the legitimacy of film among public authorities, its founder John Grierson built on the conceptual foundation of the Documentary Idea, a programmatic concept of cinema that places the latter at the service of the public. Today more than ever, the legacy of John Grierson is understood to characterize the values associated with the mission of the NFB, as evidenced by the institution’s communication documents

Effets de la microdose sur la production du niébé, du mil et du ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Effets de la microdose sur la production du niébé, du mil et du sorgho en fonction la toposéquence. Fatimata Saba, Sibiri Jean Baptiste Taonda, Idriss Serme, Alimata A. Bandaogo, Augustin P. Sourwema, Adama Kabre ...

The LHC is safe

CERN Document Server

CERN. Geneva; Alvarez-Gaumé, Luís

2008-01-01

Concerns have been expressed from time to time about the safety of new high-energy colliders, and the LHC has been no exception. The LHC Safety Assessment Group (LSAG)(*) was asked last year by the CERN management to review previous LHC safety analyses in light of additional experimental results and theoretical understanding. LSAG confirms, updates and extends previous conclusions that there is no basis for any conceivable threat from the LHC. Indeed, recent theoretical and experimental developments reinforce this conclusion. In this Colloquium, the basic arguments presented by LSAG will be reviewed. Cosmic rays of much higher effective centre-of-mass energies have been bombarding the Earth and other astronomical objects for billions of years, and their continued existence shows that the Earth faces no dangers from exotic objects such as hypothetical microscopic black holes that might be produced by the LHC - as discussed in a detailed paper by Giddings and Mangano(**). Measurements of strange particle produc...

L’intervention syndicale : facteur de prévention des inégalités d’accès à l’emploi ?

OpenAIRE

Guy , Daniel; Verdale , Nathalie; Moussay , Sonia

2007-01-01

Si l’action des confédérations syndicales a contribué à la concrétisation conventionnelle et étatique du principe de non-discrimination, en revanche, les syndicats ne font du processus de recrutement que rarement un objet de revendication et de négociation. L’observation de la définition et des pratiques de recrutement que nous avons opérée sur vingt sites, les entretiens individuels conduits auprès de sept syndicalistes et l’entretien collectif avec un groupe intersyndical témoig...

Effets des dispositifs organisationnels sur la gestion « individuel / collectif » : le cas des vendeurs automobiles de deux concessions

OpenAIRE

Gilson , Adeline

2004-01-01

Cette étude comparative interroge le lien entre logiques d'actions individuelles et collectives, a priori antinomiques, auprès de commerciaux du secteur automobile. L'appropriation des clients, les stratégies de fidélisation dans son intérêt propre, la conception de l'acte de vente comme central dans la relation de service sont autant d'éléments qui confirment l'individualisme du métier de vendeur dont le travail reste toutefois intimement lié au reste de l'organisation. Cette tension potenti...

Social constructions of gender roles, gender-based violence and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... des liens entre les relations de sexes et le risque du VIH. Dans un premier temps, nous avons mené 16 entretiens principaux d'informateurs auprès des membres des organismes dépositaires. Ensuite, nous avons eu huit discussions des groupes de foyer avec des membres de la communauté en deux groupes différents, ...

LHC status report

CERN Multimedia

CERN Bulletin

2010-01-01

Following the great success of the first 3.5 TeV collisions in all four LHC experiments on 30 March, the focus of the LHC commissioning teams has turned to consolidating the beam injection and acceleration procedures.   During the last two weeks, the operators have adopted a cycle of beam commissioning studies by day and the preparation and delivery of collisions during the night shifts. The injection and acceleration processes for the beams are by now well established and almost all feedback systems, which are an essential ingredient for establishing reliable and safe machine operation, have been commissioned. Thanks to special current settings for the quadrupoles that are situated near the collision points, the LHC luminosity at high energy has been increased by a factor of 5 in three of the four experiments. Similar improvements are under way for the fourth experiment. The next steps include adjustments of the LHC machine protection and collimation devices, which will ensure 'stable beam' co...

L'administration du travail et la production du droit du travail (1906-1960). : Note de synthèse du rapport de recherche

OpenAIRE

Le Crom , Jean-Pierre

2007-01-01

Synthèse d'un rapport de recherche dont l'objectif est d'appréhender le rôle de l'administration centrale du travail dans la production du droit du travail. Deux dimensions sont explorées : le profil des rédacteurs et l'organisation des structures.

Mark the date! LHC inauguration and LHC-Fest CERN, Tuesday 21 October 2008

CERN Document Server

2008-01-01

"For a long time we will remember the year 2008, an important year for CERN. as it marks the achievement of the LHC, a great tool for future discoveries, and the completion of exceptional works that demanded the commitment and motivation of many… a remarkable motivation," declared Director-General Robert Aymar during a recent interview. To celebrate this historical milestone in this very important "Big Science" project, CERN has organised two events on October 21: the LHC official inauguration and the LHC-fest. The LHC official inauguration will take place from 14h00 to 18h00, at Point 18 of the Laboratory, in the presence of the highest representatives from the member states of CERN and representatives from the other communities and authorities of the countries participating in the LHC adventure. 300 members from the international press are also expected, giving a total of 1500 guests. The ceremony will be broadcast live in the Lab...

Impedance measurements and simulations for the LHC and HL-LHC injection protection collimator

CERN Document Server

AUTHOR|(CDS)2125995; Biancacci, Nicolò

This thesis focuses on the study and the data analysis of the Injection Protection Collimator (also Injection Protection Target Dump or TDI), one of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) collimators at CERN, in Geneva. The last chapters also deal with the Segmented TDI (TDIS), the TDI upgrade for High Luminosity-LHC (HL-LHC). Going more into details, measurements on the TDI - hexagonal Boron Nitride (TDI - hBN, installed in the LHC during run 2015) were carried out. Using the obtained results as an input, two derivations followed: one evaluating the layer resistivity and the other one for its thickness, in order to consider all the possible coating degradations that could occur. The whole range of data obtained from both the derivations was then fed to Impedance Wake 2D (IW2D), a code performing numerical simulations, to attain impedances. Finally, the resulting longitudinal impedance was compared to some measurements performed on the real TDIs, immediately after they were removed from the LHC. The TDI - Graphite, ...

Instrument for continuous supervision of the radioactivity of CO{sub 2} coolant in piles - DCCA -CO{sub 2} (1960); Dispositif de controle continu de la radioactivite du CO{sub 2} de refroidissement des piles - DCCA - CO{sub 2} (1960)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fitoussi, L. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1960-07-01

This paper describes an apparatus for continuous measurement of CO{sub 2} activity, which can be used on piles cooled by circulation of gas. The first part is devoted mainly to describing the apparatus used and the character of the radioactivity and thermodynamic measurements carried out, and giving the general characteristics of the gas circuit required if the instrument is to be suitably gas-tight. In the second part theoretical calculations are given, particularly on the determination of the ionisation current in an ionisation chamber with circulating gas. Several parameters enter into this determination, such as the mean path of {beta} particles in the ionisation chamber, the linear number of ion pairs formed in the gas by these {beta} particles as a function of their energy, the temperature and pressure of the gas in the ionisation chamber. This part also evaluates the sensitivity areas of the apparatus for measuring the concentrations of radioactive gases such as argon-41 and fission gases from uranium-235 in the CO{sub 2} coolant. In the last part are described the results of measurements performed with such an apparatus on the pile EL2, the special investigations carried out on the CO{sub 2} coolant of this pile, and the information gained during normal operation and during accidents. The DCCA - CO{sub 2} which has just been put in operation at G2 is briefly presented. In the conclusion the possibilities offered by this apparatus are underlined. (author) [French] Ce rapport a pour but de presenter le Dispositif de Controle continu de l'Activite du CO{sub 2} pouvant etre utilise aupres des piles refroidies par une circulation de gaz. La premiere partie du rapport consiste essentiellement a decrire l'ensemble de l'appareillage mis en oeuvre, a preciser la nature des mesures de radioactivite et de thermodynamique effectuees et a citer les caracteristiques generales du circuit de gaz pour avoir un dispositif presentant une etancheite efficace

Instrument for continuous supervision of the radioactivity of CO{sub 2} coolant in piles - DCCA -CO{sub 2} (1960); Dispositif de controle continu de la radioactivite du CO{sub 2} de refroidissement des piles - DCCA - CO{sub 2} (1960)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fitoussi, L [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1960-07-01

This paper describes an apparatus for continuous measurement of CO{sub 2} activity, which can be used on piles cooled by circulation of gas. The first part is devoted mainly to describing the apparatus used and the character of the radioactivity and thermodynamic measurements carried out, and giving the general characteristics of the gas circuit required if the instrument is to be suitably gas-tight. In the second part theoretical calculations are given, particularly on the determination of the ionisation current in an ionisation chamber with circulating gas. Several parameters enter into this determination, such as the mean path of {beta} particles in the ionisation chamber, the linear number of ion pairs formed in the gas by these {beta} particles as a function of their energy, the temperature and pressure of the gas in the ionisation chamber. This part also evaluates the sensitivity areas of the apparatus for measuring the concentrations of radioactive gases such as argon-41 and fission gases from uranium-235 in the CO{sub 2} coolant. In the last part are described the results of measurements performed with such an apparatus on the pile EL2, the special investigations carried out on the CO{sub 2} coolant of this pile, and the information gained during normal operation and during accidents. The DCCA - CO{sub 2} which has just been put in operation at G2 is briefly presented. In the conclusion the possibilities offered by this apparatus are underlined. (author) [French] Ce rapport a pour but de presenter le Dispositif de Controle continu de l'Activite du CO{sub 2} pouvant etre utilise aupres des piles refroidies par une circulation de gaz. La premiere partie du rapport consiste essentiellement a decrire l'ensemble de l'appareillage mis en oeuvre, a preciser la nature des mesures de radioactivite et de thermodynamique effectuees et a citer les caracteristiques generales du circuit de gaz pour avoir un dispositif presentant une etancheite efficace. Dans la seconde

The LHC at level best

CERN Multimedia

Katarina Anthony

2013-01-01

On 10 March, a team of CERN surveyors descended into the LHC tunnel. Their aim: to take measurements of the height of the LHC magnets to see how geological shifts might be affecting the machine and to take reference positions of the machine before the interconnects are opened.    CERN surveyors take levelling measurements of the LHC magnets during LS1. The LHC tunnel is renowned for its geological stability: set between layers of sandstone and molasse, it has allowed the alignment of the world’s largest accelerators to be within sub-millimetre precision. But even the most stable of tunnels can be affected by geological events. To ensure the precise alignment of the LHC, the CERN survey team performs regular measurements of the vertical position of the magnets (a process known as “levelling”). Over the past month, the team has been taking measurements of the LHC before the temperature of the magnets reaches 100 K, beyond which there may be some mechanic...

The High Luminosity LHC Project

Science.gov (United States)

Rossi, Lucio

The High Luminosity LHC is one of the major scientific project of the next decade. It aims at increasing the luminosity reach of LHC by a factor five for peak luminosity and a factor ten in integrated luminosity. The project, now fully approved and funded, will be finished in ten years and will prolong the life of LHC until 2035-2040. It implies deep modifications of the LHC for about 1.2 km around the high luminosity insertions of ATLAS and CMS and relies on new cutting edge technologies. We are developing new advanced superconducting magnets capable of reaching 12 T field; superconducting RF crab cavities capable to rotate the beams with great accuracy; 100 kA and hundred meter long superconducting links for removing the power converter out of the tunnel; new collimator concepts, etc... Beside the important physics goals, the High Luminosity LHC project is an ideal test bed for new technologies for the next hadron collider for the post-LHC era.

Effet du Pediococcus acidilactici sur le bilan lipidique sanguin du ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Les résultats relatifs aux performances zootechniques ont montré que l'addition du probiotique a amélioré significativement le gain de poids pendant la phase de croissance se traduisant par un indice de consommation meilleur. Les dosages du cholestérol total, des triglycérides, du HDL et du LDL ont été déterminés à la ...

LHC Commissioning and First Operation

OpenAIRE

Myers, S

2010-01-01

A description is given of the repair of the LHC after the accident of September 2008. The LHC hardware and beam commissioning and initial operation are reviewed both in terms of beam and hardware performance. The implemented machine protection measures and their impact on LHC operation are presented.

Support for the LHC experiments

CERN Document Server

Butin, François; Gastal, M; Lacarrère, D; Macina, D; Perrot, A L; Tsesmelis, E; Wilhelmsson, M; CERN. Geneva. TS Department

2008-01-01

Experimental Area Teams have been put in place and charged with the general co-ordination and management of the LHC experimental areas and of the zones in the LHC tunnel hosting near-beam detectors of the experiments. This organization is responsible for the in situ co-ordination of work with the aim of providing a structure that enables the experiment collaborations and accelerator groups to carry out their work effectively and safely. This presentation will review some key elements in the support given to the LHC experimental areas and, given the track record and successful implementation during the LHC installation and commissioning phase, will argue that such an organization structure will be required also for the period of LHC exploitation for physics.

Les représentations sociales liées au lieu de résidence au sein du parc de Bercy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Teddy Arrif

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Notre recherche se propose d’analyser les représentations et les pratiques spatiales des usagers du parc de Bercy situé dans le 12ème arrondissement de Paris. La littérature nous a conduit à poser l’hypothèse d’un lien fort entre ces représentations et pratiques d’une part, et la proximité résidentielle. L’enquête menée auprès des usagers du parc de Bercy a confirmé au moins partiellement notre hypothèse. Elle a permis également de pointer l’importance de l’accessibilité au parc notamment pour les usagers résidant hors de l’arrondissement. Enfin, elle confirme la nécessité de prendre en compte les pratiques et les représentations des habitants dans l’aménagement des parcs publics parisiens.Our research aims to analyze performances and practice space users Parc de Bercy in the 12th arrondissement of Paris. The literature has led us to ask the assumption of a strong link between these representations and practices on the one hand, and the nearby residential. The survey of users of the Parc de Bercy confirmed at least partially our hypothesis. It has also point to the importance of accessibility to the park especially for users outside the borough. Finally, it confirms the need to take into account the practices and representations of residents in the management of public parks in Paris.

Physics Validation of the LHC Software

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2004-01-01

The LHC Software will be confronted to unprecedented challenges as soon as the LHC will turn on. We summarize the main Software requirements coming from the LHC detectors, triggers and physics, and we discuss several examples of Software components developed by the experiments and the LCG project (simulation, reconstruction, etc.), their validation, and their adequacy for LHC physics.

Alimentation du nouveau-ne et du nourrisson dans la region ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Alimentation du nouveau-ne et du nourrisson dans la region centrale du togo : pratiques familiales et communautaires avant la mise en oeuvre de la strategie « prise en charge integree des maladies de l'enfant »

The LHC

CERN Multimedia

2002-01-01

The LHC will use the latest technologies on an enormous scale. 8000 superconducting magnets will keep the beams on track. The entire 27 km ring will be cooled by 700 000 litres of liquid helium to a temperature of -271 degrees Celsius , making the LHC the world's largest superconducting installation. Conventional superconducting wire will form the magnet coils, while high-temperature superconductors will carry a total of 2 300 000 amperes from the power supplies into the magnet cryostat

Visit of the King of the Belgians

CERN Multimedia

Maximilien Brice

2009-01-01

19 février 2009 - Sa Majesté Albert II, Roi des Belges et le Ministre du Climat et de l’Energie P. Magnette visitent le site experimental de CMS au Point 5 du LHC avec le Directeur de la Recherche et de l’Informatique S. Bertolucci et le Porte-parole de la Collaboration CMS T. Virdee. Tirage 02 à 08: Sa Majesté Albert II, Roi des Belges signe le livre d'or dans le SDX5 en présence du Directeur des accélérateurs et de la technologie S. Myers et du Directeur de la recherche et de l’informatique S. Bertolucci; Tirage 09 à 22: Sa Majesté Albert II, Roi des Belges et le Ministre du Climat et de l’Energie P. Magnette visitent le tunnel du LHC avec le Chef du Projet sLHC L. Evans et K. Cornelis. Tirage 23 à 35: Sa Majesté Albert II, Roi des Belges et le Ministre du Climat et de l’Energie P. Magnette visitent la cerne expérimentale de CMS avec W. Van Doninck (VUB), D. Favart (UCL) et le Porte-parole de la Collaboration T. Virdee. Tirage 36 à 50: Welcome line au Point 5 du LHC: Accueil en t...

Physics possibilities at LHC/SSC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hinchliffe, I.

1991-01-01

This document reviews some recent work on physics simulations for SSC/LHC. Included are reviews of some of the recent developments in physics simulations for the SSC/LHC and comments upon the requirements that are placed upon detectors by the need to extract specific physics signatures. The material in the various EOI/LOI documents submitted to the SCC Laboratory and the work done at the Aachen LHC workshop are discussed. In the following discussion 1 SSC (LHC) year corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 10 (100) fb -1 . 41 refs., 14 figs

LHC challenges and upgrade options

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bruning, O [CERN AB/ABP, Y03600, 1211 Geneva 23 (Switzerland)], E-mail: Oliver.Bruning@cern.ch

2008-05-15

The presentation summarizes the key parameters of the LHC collider. Following a discussion of the main challenges for reaching the nominal machine performance the presentation identifies options for increasing the operation tolerances and the potential performance reach of the LHC by means of future hardware upgrades of the LHC and its injector complex.

LHC challenges and upgrade options

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bruning, O

2008-01-01

The presentation summarizes the key parameters of the LHC collider. Following a discussion of the main challenges for reaching the nominal machine performance the presentation identifies options for increasing the operation tolerances and the potential performance reach of the LHC by means of future hardware upgrades of the LHC and its injector complex

Portage vaginal du streptocoque du groupe B chez la femme ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction: le streptocoque du groupe B est le principal agent impliqué dans les infections materno-fœtales, les septicémies et les méningites du nouveau-né à terme. L'objectif est de déterminer le taux de portage maternel du streptocoque du groupe B (SGB) à terme. Méthodes: un prélèvement vaginal a été réalisé de ...

Fully transparent LHC

CERN Multimedia

2008-01-01

Thanks to the first real signals received from the LHC while in operation before the incident, the experiments are now set to make the best use of the data they have collected. Report from the LHCC open session.The September open session of the LHCC (LHC Experiments Committee) came just a few days after the incident that occurred at the LHC. The packed auditorium was a testament to the huge interest raised by Lyn Evans’ talk about the status of the machine and the plans for the future. After being told that the actual consequences of the incident will be clear only once Sector 3-4 has been warmed up, the audience focussed on the reports from the experiments. For the first time, the reports showed performance results of the various detectors with particles coming from the machine and not just from cosmic rays or tests and simulations. "The first days of LHC beam exceeded all expectations and the experiments made extensive and rapid use of the data they collected", says ...

The whole world behind the LHC

CERN Multimedia

2001-01-01

The LHC Board, which includes representatives of the non-Member State organisations directly involved in the construction of the LHC accelerator and representatives of CERN, held its fourth meeting on Monday 21 May 2001. From left to right: 1st row, A. Yamamoto (KEK, Japan), P. Pfund (FNAL, United States), L. Maiani (CERN Director-General), L. Evans (LHC Project Leader), F. Dupont (IN2P3, France), D.D. Bhawalkar (CAT, India) ; 2nd row, P. Brossier (CEA, France), N. Tyurin (IHEP, Russia), A. Skrinsky (BINP, Russia), A. Astbury (TRIUMF, Canada), P. Lebrun (LHC Division Leader, CERN); 3rd row, T. Taylor (Deputy Division Leader LHC Division, CERN), A. Shotter (TRIUMF, Canada), P. Bryant (LHC, CERN), K. Hübner (Director for Accelerators, CERN), J. van der Boon (Director of Administration, CERN). Although Canada, the United States, India, Japan and the Russian Federation are not members of CERN, they are all playing an active part in the construction of the LHC through important technical and financial co...

LHC Accelerator Fault Tracker - First Experience

CERN Document Server

Apollonio, Andrea; Roderick, Chris; Schmidt, Ruediger; Todd, Benjamin; Wollmann, Daniel

2016-01-01

Availability is one of the key performance indicators of LHC operation, being directly correlated with integrated luminosity production. An effective tool for availability tracking is a necessity to ensure a coherent capture of fault information and relevant dependencies on operational modes and beam parameters. At the beginning of LHC Run 2 in 2015, the Accelerator Fault Tracking (AFT) tool was deployed at CERN to track faults or events affecting LHC operation. Information derived from the AFT is crucial for the identification of areas to improve LHC availability, and hence LHC physics production. For the 2015 run, the AFT has been used by members of the CERN Availability Working Group, LHC Machine coordinators and equipment owners to identify the main contributors to downtime and to understand the evolution of LHC availability throughout the year. In this paper the 2015 experience with the AFT for availability tracking is summarised and an overview of the first results as well as an outlook to future develo...

GAC-EPA

CERN Document Server

GAC-EPA

2016-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 3 mai de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel. Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 7 juin, 6 septembre, 4 octobre, 1er et 29 novembre 2016. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires.

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2015-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 2 juin de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 1er septembre, 6 octobre, 3 novembre et 1er décembre 2015. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires.

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2015-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 1er décembre de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/. e-mail : gac-epa@gac-epa.org.

LHC Olympics flex physicists' brains

CERN Multimedia

2006-01-01

Physicists from around the world met at CERN to strengthen their data-deciphering skills at the second LHC Olympics workshop. Physicists gather for the second LHC Olympics workshop. Coinciding with the kick-off of the winter Olympics in Turin, more than 70 physicists gathered at CERN from across the globe for the second LHC Olympics workshop on 9-10 February. Their challenge, however, involved brains rather than brawn. As the switch-on date for the LHC draws near, scientists excited by the project want to test and improve their ability to decipher the unprecedented amount of data that the world's biggest and most powerful particle accelerator is expected to generate. The LHC Olympics is a coordinated effort to do just that, minus the gold, silver and bronze of the athletics competition. 'In some ways, the LHC is not a precision instrument. It gives you the information that something is there but it's hard to untangle and interpret what it is,' said University of Michigan physicist Gordy Kane, who organiz...

Last cast for the LHC

CERN Multimedia

2005-01-01

The first major contract signed for the LHC is drawing to a close. Belgian firm Cockerill Sambre (a member of the Arcelor Group) has just completed production of 50,000 tonnes of steel sheets for the accelerator's superconducting magnet yokes, in what has proved to be an exemplary partnership with CERN. Philippe Lebrun, Head of the AT Department, Lyn Evans, LHC Project Leader, and Lucio Rossi, Head of the AT-MAS Group, in front of the last batch of steel for the LHC at Cockerill Sambre. It was a bright red-letter day at the end of May, when Belgian firm Cockerill Sambre of the Arcelor Group marked the completion of one of the largest contracts for the LHC machine by casting the last batch of steel sheets for the LHC superconducting magnet yokes in the presence of LHC Project Leader Lyn Evans, AT Department Head Philippe Lebrun, Magnets and Superconductors (AT-MAS) Group Leader Lucio Rossi and Head of the AT-MAS Group's components centre Francesco Bertinelli. The yokes constitute approximately 80% of the acc...

The LHC on the table

CERN Multimedia

2002-01-01

How many dipoles have been manufactured so far? How many have been delivered? To find out, you can now consult the LHC Progress Dashboard on the web. The dashboard tracks progress with regard to manufacture and delivery of thirty different types of LHC components. Do you want to know everything about progress on LHC construction? The LHC's engineers have recently acquired a very useful tracking tool precisely for that purpose. This is the LHC Progress Dashboard which makes it possible to track work progress in graph form. In the interests of transparency, the LHC Project Management has decided to make it accessible to the public on the web. You can now consult normalized graphs for each of the thirty different types of components that form part of machine construction, such as the cold masses of the dipole magnets, the vacuum chambers and the octupoles, etc. The graphs show: in blue: the contractual delivery curves, i.e. the delivery schedules to which the suppliers have committed themselves in their contra...

Optimization of the ATLAS detector to search for the two-photon decaying Higgs boson at LHC; Optimisation du detecteur ATLAS pour la recherche du boson de Higgs se desintegrant en deux photons au LHC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tisserand, V [Paris-11 Univ., 91 - Orsay (France). Lab. de l' Accelerateur Lineaire; [Universite de Paris Sud, 91 - Orsay (France)

1997-02-03

The two photon decay channel is the most clear and promising way to detect a Higgs boson of an intermediate mass between 80 GeV/c{sup 2} and 150 GeV/c{sup 2} at the future large proton collider of CERN (LHC). As the Higgs mass is narrow in this range, the observation of this channel relies on the performance of the electromagnetic calorimeter. A full simulation study has been performed to evaluate the discovery potential of the ATLAS detector. The results of this simulation have been confirmed by beam tests with a prototype. This simulation includes different contributions such as energy resolution sampling term, electronic and pile-up noise, global constant term and angular measurement of the two photon opening angle. The levels of the irreducible background from prompt di-photon production and the reducible background from jets with isolated leading neutrals pions have been estimated, taking into account the rejection capability of the detector. After the computation of the two photon invariant mass resolution, and the evaluation of signal and background rates, the discovery potential of the Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector was calculated. The Higgs can be discovered at five sigma confidence level after less than a year of data taking at LHC with the nominal luminosity of 10{sup 34} cm{sup -2}.s{sup -1} if the Higgs mass is between 100 GeV/c{sup 2} and 150 GeV/c{sup 2}. The Higgs mass window between 80 GeV/c{sup 2} and 150 GeV/c{sup 2} will be covered with an integrated luminosity of 3.10{sup 5} pb{sup -1}. In the case of the Minimal Supersymmetric Model (MSSM) the plane (m{sub A{sup 0}}, tan({beta})) will be fully explored if m{sub A{sup 0}} > 175 GeV/c{sup 2}. (author)

LHC magnets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1992-01-01

Preparations for the LHC proton collider to be built in CERN's LEP tunnel continue to make good progress. In particular development work for the high field superconducting magnets to guide the almost 8 TeVproton beams through the 'tight' curve of the 27-kilometre ring are proceeding well, while the magnet designs and lattice configuration are evolving in the light of ongoing experience. At the Evian LHC Experiments meeting, this progress was covered by Giorgio Brianti

LHC superconducting strand

CERN Multimedia

Patrice Loiez

1999-01-01

This cross-section through a strand of superconducting matieral as used in the LHC shows the 8000 Niobium-Titanium filaments embedded like a honeycomb in copper. When cooled to 1.9 degrees above absolute zero in the LHC accelerator, these filaments will have zero resistance and so will carry a high electric current with no energy loss.

ATLAS. LHC experiments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1995-01-01

In Greek mythology, Atlas was a Titan who had to hold up the heavens with his hands as a punishment for having taken part in a revolt against the Olympians. For LHC, the ATLAS detector will also have an onerous physics burden to bear, but this is seen as a golden opportunity rather than a punishment. The major physics goal of CERN's LHC proton-proton collider is the quest for the long-awaited£higgs' mechanism which drives the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the electroweak Standard Model picture. The large ATLAS collaboration proposes a large general-purpose detector to exploit the full discovery potential of LHC's proton collisions. LHC will provide proton-proton collision luminosities at the aweinspiring level of 1034 cm2 s~1, with initial running in at 1033. The ATLAS philosophy is to handle as many signatures as possible at all luminosity levels, with the initial running providing more complex possibilities. The ATLAS concept was first presented as a Letter of Intent to the LHC Committee in November 1992. Following initial presentations at the Evian meeting (Towards the LHC Experimental Programme') in March of that year, two ideas for generalpurpose detectors, the ASCOT and EAGLE schemes, merged, with Friedrich Dydak (MPI Munich) and Peter Jenni (CERN) as ATLAS cospokesmen. Since the initial Letter of Intent presentation, the ATLAS design has been optimized and developed, guided by physics performance studies and the LHC-oriented detector R&D programme (April/May, page 3). The overall detector concept is characterized by an inner superconducting solenoid (for inner tracking) and large superconducting air-core toroids outside the calorimetry. This solution avoids constraining the calorimetry while providing a high resolution, large acceptance and robust detector. The outer magnet will extend over a length of 26 metres, with an outer diameter of almost 20 metres. The total weight of the detector is 7,000 tonnes. Fitted with its end

Étude ethnobotanique des plantes utilisées dans le traitement du diabète dans la médecine traditionnelle de la région Maritime du Togo

Science.gov (United States)

Holaly, Gbekley Efui; Simplice, Karou Damintoti; Charlemagne, Gnoula; Kodjovi, Agbodeka; Kokou, Anani; Tchadjobo, Tchacondo; Amegnona, Agbonon; Komlan, Batawila; Jacques, Simpore

2015-01-01

Introduction Les plantes constituent une grande source de principes actifs qui peuvent être utilisés pour traiter de nombreuses maladies, dont le diabète. L'objectif de cette étude était de recenser les plantes utilisées en médecine traditionnelle pour traiter le diabète dans la région Maritime du Togo. Méthodes De janvier 2013 à juin 2014, une enquête ethnobotanique a été réalisée auprès de 164 guérisseurs traditionnels dans la région Maritime par des interviews directes à l'aide d'un questionnaire semi structuré. Résultats Les données recueillies ont permis d'identifier 112 espèces végétales appartenant à 51 familles. Les familles les plus représentées ont été les Caesalpiniaceae / Fabaceae avec 9 espèces, suivie des Euphorbiaceae et des Compositae avec 8 espèces chacune. Les espèces les plus citées ont été Allium sativum, Alium cepa, Guilandina bonduc, Moringa oleifera et de Picralima nitida qui ont eu une valeur usuelle de 0,05. En termes de recettes, 132 recettes sont préparées à partir des 112 espèces de plantes. Les recettes à plantes uniques ont été au nombre de 78, tandis que 54 recettes sont obtenues par des associations de plantes. Les parties de plantes les plus utilisées ont été les feuilles suivies par les racines. La principale méthode de préparation reste la décoction. Conclusion La région maritime du Togo dispose d'une biodiversité floristique importante en matière de plantes antidiabétiques. Ces résultats constituent une bonne base de données pour le criblage biologique dans la recherche de molécules antidiabétiques à base des plantes. PMID:26309469

LHC Supertable

CERN Document Server

Pereira, M; Lamont, M; Muller, GJ; Teixeira, D D; McCrory, ES

2011-01-01

LHC operations generate enormous amounts of data. This data is being stored in many different databases. Hence, it is difficult for operators, physicists, engineers and management to have a clear view on the overall accelerator performance. Until recently the logging database, through its desktop interface TIMBER, was the only way of retrieving information on a fill-by-fill basis. The LHC Supertable has been developed to provide a summary of key LHC performance parameters in a clear, consistent and comprehensive format. The columns in this table represent main parameters that describe the collider’s operation such as luminosity, beam intensity, emittance, etc. The data is organized in a tabular fill-by-fill manner with different levels of detail. Particular emphasis was placed on data sharing by making data available in various open formats. Typically the contents are calculated for periods of time that map to the accelerator’s states or beam modes such as Injection, Stable Beams, etc. Data retrieval and ...

LHC Report: Beams are back in the LHC

CERN Multimedia

CERN Bulletin

2011-01-01

The LHC has shaken itself awake after the winter break, and, as the snow melts on the lower slopes, the temperature in the magnets has dropped to a chilly 1.9 K once more.   Following the cool-down, the last few weeks have seen an intense few tests of the magnets, power supplies and associated protection systems. These tests, referred to as hardware commissioning, have been completed in record time. At the same time the other accelerator systems have been put through the preparatory machine checkout. In parallel, the injectors (LINAC2, Booster, PS and SPS) have also come out of the technical stop in order to prepare to deliver beam to the LHC very early in the season. Of particular note here was the remarkably seamless transition to POPS, the PS's new main power supply system. All this work culminated in the LHC taking beam again for the first time in 2011 on Saturday, 19 February. The careful preparation paid off, with circulating beams being rapidly re-established. There then followed a programme ...

Performances du calorimètre électromagnétique et recherche de nouveaux bosons de jauge dans le canal diélectron auprès du détecteur ATLAS

CERN Document Server

Laisne, Emmanuel; Trocme, B

The Standard Model of particle physics has known a tremendous rise during the twentieth century. Built up from the early 1930s to the 1970s, this theory describing elementary particles and their interactions has now been intensively tested by LEP and Tevatron colliders. Besides its success, some questions remain and theories attempting to go beyond the Standard Model have emerged. Many of them are predicting the existence of a new gauge boson Z', which is supposed to be observable at the TeV scale. Data recorded by the LHC since autumn 2008 are a new opportunity to check the consistency of the Standard Model and to search for new physics evidence. Work that has been done by the ATLAS collaboration during the last four years has focused on understanding detector's behaviour and analysing the very first collected collisions. This thesis is reflecting these two aspects. The first part of this thesis describes the caracterisation of a pathology of the ATLAS liquid argon calorimeter electronics and the study of co...

Operating Experience with the BR-5 Reactor; Experience acquise aupres du reacteur BR-5; Opyt ehkspluatatsii reaktora BR-5; Experiencia practica con el reactor BR-5

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lejpunskij, A. I.; Kazachkovskij, O. D.; Pinkhasik, M. S.; Aristarkhov, N. N.; Karpov, A. V.; Larin, E. P.; Efimov, I. A.

1963-10-15

The paper discusses the carrying-out of repair and maintenance work on the radioactive liquid-metal circuit of the BR-5 fast neutron reactor. Attention is also given to problems of reactor operation after achievement of the planned 2% fuel burn-up with some disturbance of leak-tightness in individual fuel elements. An account is given of experience in discharging the active section, examining the condition and leak-tightness of the fuel elements, and decontaminating the equipment and piping of the first radioactive circuit after reaching 5% fuel burn-up. (author) [French] Dans ce memoire les auteurs decrivent l'execution des reparations et des travaux d'entretien dans le circuit radioactif liquide-metal du reacteur a neutrons rapides BR-5. Ils etudient egalement les problemes lies au fonctionnement du reacteur au taux de combustion de 2% prevu avec quelques defauts d'etancheite dans des elements combustibles particuliers. Ils decrivent le dechargementen zone active et examinent les conditions d'etancheite des elements combustibles. Ainsi que la decontamination de l'appareillage et des tuyauteries du premier circuit radioactif apres avoir atteint un taux de combustion de 5%. (author) [Spanish] En la memoria se examinan los problemas planteados por el mantenimiento del circuito radiactivo de metal liquido del reactor de neutrones rapidos BR-5. Se tratan cuestiones relacionadas con la explotacion del reactor una vez alcanzado el grado de combustion de 2%, previsto en el proyecto y luego de producirse ciertas alteraciones de la densidad de determinados elementos combustibles. Se describen la experiencia adquirida durante la descarga del cuerpo del reactor, las investigaciones del estado general y de la hermeticidad de los elementos combustibles y las operaciones de descontaminacion de la instalacion y de las tuberias del circuito radiactivo primario despues de alcanzado un grado de combustion de 5%. (author) [Russian] V doklade rassmatrivayutsya voprosy proizvodstva

Electronics for LHC experiments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bourgeois, Francois

1995-01-01

Full text: A major effort is being mounted to prepare the way handling the high interaction rates expected from CERN's new LHC proton-proton collider (see, for example, November, page 6). September saw the First Workshop on Electronics for LHC Experiments, organized by Lisbon's Particle Physics Instrumentation Laboratory (LIP) on behalf of CERN's LHC Electronics Review Board (LERB - March, page 2). Its purpose was not only for the LERB to have a thorough review of ongoing activities, but also to promote cross fertilization in the engineering community involved in electronics design for LHC experiments. The Workshop gathered 187 physicists and engineers from 20 countries including USA and Japan. The meeting comprised six sessions and 82 talks, with special focus on radiation-hard microelectronic processes, electronics for tracking, calorimetry and muon detectors, optoelectronics, trigger and data acquisition systems. Each topic was introduced by an invited speaker who reviewed the requirements set by the particular detector technology at LHC. At the end of each session, panel discussions were chaired by each invited speaker. Representatives from four major integrated circuit manufacturers covered advanced radiation hard processes. Two talks highlighted the importance of obsolescence and quality systems in the long-lived and demanding environment of LHC. The Workshop identified areas and encouraged efforts for rationalization and common developments within and between the different detector groups. As a result, it will also help ensure the reliability and the long term maintainability of installed equipment. The proceedings of the Workshop are available from LIP Lisbon*. The LERB Workshop on Electronics for LHC Experiments will become a regular event, with the second taking place in Hungary, by Lake Balaton, from 23-27 September 1996. The Hungarian institutes KFKIRMKI have taken up the challenge of being as successful as LIP Lisbon in the organization

Le ministre du Commerce international du Canada rencontre des ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

17 juil. 2017 ... La promotion de l'entrepreneuriat, la façon dont le commerce peut profiter aux femmes et à leur famille, et la création d'emplois pour les plus vulnérables étaient au coeur de la discussion en table ronde du ministre du Commerce international du Canada, l'honorable François-Philippe Champagne, et des ...

The LHC access system LACS and LASS

CERN Document Server

Ninin, P

2005-01-01

The LHC complex is divided into a number of zones with different levels of access controls.Inside the interlocked areas, the personnel protection is ensured by the LHC Access System.The system is made of two parts:the LHC Access Safety System and the LHC Access Control System. During machine operation,the LHC Access Safety System ensures the collective protection of the personnel against the radiation hazards arising from the operation of the accelerator by interlocking the LHC key safety elements. When the beams are off, the LHC Access Control System regulates the access to the accelerator and its many subsystems.It allows a remote, local or automatic operation of the access control equipment which verifies and identifies all users entering the controlled areas.The global architecture of the LHC Access System is now designed and is being validated to ensure that it meets the safety requirements for operation of the LHC.A pilot installation will be tested in the summer 2005 to validate the concept with the us...

The LHC Tier1 at PIC: Experience from first LHC run

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Flix, J.; Perez-Calero Yzquierdo, A.; Accion, E.; Acin, V.; Acosta, C.; Bernabeu, G.; Bria, A.; Casals, J.; Caubet, M.; Cruz, R.; Delfino, M.; Espinal, X.; Lanciotti, E.; Lopez, F.; Martinez, F.; Mendez, V.; Merino, G.; Pacheco, A.; Planas, E.; Porto, M. C.; Rodriguez, B.; Sedov, A.

2013-01-01

This paper summarizes the operational experience of the Tier1 computer center at Port d'Informacio Cientifica (PIC) supporting the commissioning and first run (Run1) of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The evolution of the experiment computing models resulting from the higher amounts of data expected after there start of the LHC are also described. (authors)

447 157 45 89 %

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Selon la prémisse de la recherche-action participative que nous avons financée, toute connaissance utile découle ... auprès des utilisateurs, le programme a financé des efforts supplémentaires de renforcement des capacités et de ... des retombées du programme. AfricaAdapt. Le programme ACCA finance AfricaAdapt afin.

Séroprévalence des marqueurs viraux sur les dons du sang au Centre de Transfusion Sanguine, Hôpital Militaire d’Instruction Mohammed V de Rabat

Science.gov (United States)

Uwingabiye, Jean; Zahid, Hafidi; Unyendje, Loubet; Hadef, Rachid

2016-01-01

Le but de ce travail était de déterminer la prévalence du virus de l’immunodéficience humaine (VIH), du virus de l’hépatite B (VHB) et C (VHC) sur les dons du sang collectés au Centre de transfusion sanguine(CTS) de l’hôpital militaire d’instruction Mohammed V entre 2010 et 2012. Etude rétrospective menée auprès des donneurs de sang militaires âgés de 18 à 50 ans avec prédominance masculine (95%). L’entretien médical pré-don constitue la première barrière de sélection des sujets à risque. Le dépistage biologique était réalisé par technique immuno-enzymatique en milieu liquide utilisant des anticorps et/ou des antigènes. L’ELISA (enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay) combiné de quatrième génération pour VHC et VIH a été utilisé. La confirmation a été faite en réalisant la même technique en double au CTS et au laboratoire de virologie. Dans notre série de 25661 échantillons testés, la prévalence du VHB était 3,97‰ (n=102), celle de VHC était 2,45 ‰ (n=63), celle de VIH était 0,15 ‰ (n=4). Un seul cas de coïnfection (0,039 ‰) par le VHB et VHC a été noté, aucune association entre VIH-VHB, VIH-VHC ou VHB, VHC et VIH n’a été enregistrée. Les taux faibles de séroprévalence des marqueurs viraux de notre étude montrent l’amélioration des mesures préventives en ce qui concerne la sélection des donneurs et des tests de dépistage. Cette prévalence constatée incite à maintenir l’utilisation du réactif combiné qui est la seule alternative à la biologie moléculaire pour les pays en voie de développement. PMID:28292147

Energy Deposition in Adjacent LHC Superconducting Magnets from Beam Loss at LHC Transfer Line Collimators

CERN Document Server

Beavan, S; Kain, V

2006-01-01

Injection intensities for the LHC are over an order of magnitude above the damage threshold. The collimation system in the two transfer lines is designed to dilute the beam sufficiently to avoid damage in case of accidental beam loss or mis-steered beam. To maximise the protection for the LHC most of the collimators are located in the last 300 m upstream of the injection point where the transfer lines approach the LHC machine. To study the issue of possible quenches following beam loss at the collimators part of the collimation section in one of the lines, TI 8, together with the adjacent part of the LHC has been modeled in FLUKA. The simulated energy deposition in the LHC for worst-case accidental losses and as well as for losses expected during a normal filling is presented.

Conference: STANDARD MODEL @ LHC

CERN Multimedia

2012-01-01

HCØ institute Universitetsparken 5 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark Room: Auditorium 2 STANDARD MODEL @ LHC Niels Bohr International Academy and Discovery Center 10-13 April 2012 This four day meeting will bring together both experimental and theoretical aspects of Standard Model phenomenology at the LHC. The very latest results from the LHC experiments will be under discussion. Topics covered will be split into the following categories:     * QCD (Hard,Soft & PDFs)     * Vector Boson production     * Higgs searches     * Top Quark Physics     * Flavour physics

submitter LHC experiments

CERN Document Server

Tanaka, Shuji

2001-01-01

Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is under construction at the CERN Laboratory in Switzerland. Four experiments (ATLAS, CMS, LHCb, ALICE) will try to study the new physics by LHC from 2006. Its goal to explore the fundamental nature of matter and the basic forces. The PDF file of the transparency is located on http://www-atlas.kek.jp/sub/documents/lepsymp-stanaka.pdf.

LHC? Of course we’ve heard of the LHC!

CERN Multimedia

2009-01-01

Well, more or less. After its first outing in Meyrin (see last Bulletin issue), our street poll hits the streets of Divonne-les-Bains and the corridors of the University of Geneva. While many have heard of the LHC, the raison d’être of this "scientific whatsit" often remains a mystery.On first questioning, the "man-in-the-street" always pleads ignorance. "Lausanne Hockey Club?" The acronym LHC is not yet imprinted on people’s minds. "Erm, Left-Handed thingamajig?" But as soon as we mention the word "CERN", the accelerator pops straight into people’s minds. Variously referred to as "the circle" or "the ring", it makes you wonder whether people would have been so aware of the LHC if it had been shaped like a square. Size is another thing people remember: "It’s the world’s biggest. Up to now…" As for its purpose, well that’s another kettle of fish. &...

The LHC personnel safety system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ninin, P.; Valentini, F.; Ladzinski, T.

2011-01-01

Large particle physics installations such as the CERN Large Hadron Collider require specific Personnel Safety Systems (PSS) to protect the personnel against the radiological and industrial hazards. In order to fulfill the French regulation in matter of nuclear installations, the principles of IEC 61508 and IEC 61513 standard are used as a methodology framework to evaluate the criticality of the installation, to design and to implement the PSS.The LHC PSS deals with the implementation of all physical barriers, access controls and interlock devices around the 27 km of underground tunnel, service zones and experimental caverns of the LHC. The system shall guarantee the absence of personnel in the LHC controlled areas during the machine operations and, on the other hand, ensure the automatic accelerator shutdown in case of any safety condition violation, such as an intrusion during beam circulation. The LHC PSS has been conceived as two separate and independent systems: the LHC Access Control System (LACS) and the LHC Access Safety System (LASS). The LACS, using off the shelf technologies, realizes all physical barriers and regulates all accesses to the underground areas by identifying users and checking their authorizations.The LASS has been designed according to the principles of the IEC 61508 and 61513 standards, starting from a risk analysis conducted on the LHC facility equipped with a standard access control system. It consists in a set of safety functions realized by a dedicated fail-safe and redundant hardware guaranteed to be of SIL3 class. The integration of various technologies combining electronics, sensors, video and operational procedures adopted to establish an efficient personnel safety system for the CERN LHC accelerator is presented in this paper. (authors)

Luminosity Optimization for a Higher-Energy LHC

CERN Document Server

Dominguez, O

2011-01-01

A Higher-Energy Large Hadron Collider (HE-LHC) is an option to further push the energy frontier of particle physics beyond the present LHC. A beam energy of 16.5 TeV would require 20 T dipole magnets in the existing LHC tunnel, which should be compared with 7 TeV and 8.33 T for the nominal LHC. Since the synchrotron radiation power increases with the fourth power of the energy, radiation damping becomes significant for the HE-LHC. It calls for transverse and longitudinal emittance control vis-a-vis beam-beam interaction and Landau damping. The heat load from synchrotron radiation, gas scattering, and electron cloud also increases with respect to the LHC. In this paper we discuss the proposed HE-LHC beam parameters; the time evolution of luminosity, beam-beam tune shifts, and emittances during an HE-LHC store; the expected heat load; and luminosity optimization schemes for both round and flat beams.

Comparaison du filtre adaptatif RIF et du filtre a base de reseau de ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Comparaison du filtre adaptatif RIF et du filtre a base de reseau de neurones pour le filtrage du courant de reference pour la commande du filtre actif parallele. C Benachaiba, A Bassou, B Mazari ...

Etat Du Magnesium Dans Quelques Sols Sales Du Sud Et Du ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

étude a été réalisée sur 86 échantillons de sols provenant du Centre et du Sud de l´Irak. L\\'expérimentation a consisté, d´une part, à calculer les différents sels dominants dans les sols salés par la méthode de combinaison hypothétique et, ...

Scenarios for the LHC Upgrade

CERN Document Server

Scandale, Walter

2008-01-01

The projected lifetime of the LHC low-beta quadrupoles, the evolution of the statistical error halving time, and the physics potential all call for an LHC luminosity upgrade by the middle of the coming decade. In the framework of the CARE-HHH network three principal scenarios have been developed for increasing the LHC peak luminosity by more than a factor of 10, to values above 1035 cm−2s−1. All scenarios imply a rebuilding of the high-luminosity interaction regions (IRs) in combination with a consistent change of beam parameters. However, their respective features, bunch structures, IR layouts, merits and challenges, and luminosity variation with β∗ differ substantially. In all scenarios luminosity leveling during a store would be advantageous for the physics experiments. An injector upgrade must complement the upgrade measures in the LHC proper in order to provide the beam intensity and brightness needed as well as to reduce the LHC turnaround time for higher integrated luminosity.

Physics at LHC and beyond

CERN Document Server

2014-01-01

The topics addressed during this Conference are as follows. ---An overview of the legacy results of the LHC experiments with 7 and 8 TeV data on Standard Model physics, Scalar sector and searches for New Physics. ---A discussion of the readiness of the CMS, ATLAS, and LHCb experiments for the forthcoming high-energy run and status of the detector upgrades ---A review of the most up-to-date theory outcome on cross-sections and uncertainties, phenomenology of the scalar sector, constraints and portals for new physics. ---The presentation of the improvements and of the expected sensibilities for the Run 2 of the LHC at 13 TeV and beyond. ---A comparison of the relative scientific merits of the future projects for hadron and e+e- colliders (HL-LHC, HE-LHC, ILC, CLIC, TLEP, VHE-LHC) towards precision measurements of the Scalar boson properties and of the Electroweak-Symmetry-Breaking parameters, and towards direct searches for New Physics.

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2012-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 3 avril de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. CARTE DE MEMBRE Notre Groupement étant créé, selon nos Statuts, dans le cadre de l'Association du personnel du CERN (AP), chaque membre de notre Groupement est automatiquement membre de l'AP (statut 'membre pensionné'). En conséquence chacun d'entre nous p...

Club of Rome

CERN Multimedia

Tinbergen

1977-01-01

Le Club de Rome s'est fait connaître du grand public par la publication du premier ouvrage "Halte à la croissance" qui a fait l'object d'un débat, il y a 2 ans. Le Prof. Tinbergen a commencé par s'adonner à la physique, il est docteur en physique et très tôt il s'est tourné vers les problèmes sociaux économiques. Il est expert auprès des nombreux gouvernements et organisations internationales et il a vu ses travaux couronnés par le prix Nobel en 1969.

Performance of the CMS precision electromagnetic calorimeter at LHC Run II and prospects for High-Luminosity LHC

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Zhicai

2018-04-01

Many physics analyses using the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the LHC require accurate, high-resolution electron and photon energy measurements. Following the excellent performance achieved during LHC Run I at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) is operating at the LHC with proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV center-of-mass energy. The instantaneous luminosity delivered by the LHC during Run II has achieved unprecedented levels. The average number of concurrent proton-proton collisions per bunch-crossing (pileup) has reached up to 40 interactions in 2016 and may increase further in 2017. These high pileup levels necessitate a retuning of the ECAL readout and trigger thresholds and reconstruction algorithms. In addition, the energy response of the detector must be precisely calibrated and monitored. We present new reconstruction algorithms and calibration strategies that were implemented to maintain the excellent performance of the CMS ECAL throughout Run II. We will show performance results from the 2015-2016 data taking periods and provide an outlook on the expected Run II performance in the years to come. Beyond the LHC, challenging running conditions for CMS are expected after the High-Luminosity upgrade of the LHC (HL-LHC) . We review the design and R&D studies for the CMS ECAL and present first test beam studies. Particular challenges at HL-LHC are the harsh radiation environment, the increasing data rates, and the extreme level of pile-up events, with up to 200 simultaneous proton-proton collisions. We present test beam results of hadron irradiated PbWO crystals up to fluences expected at the HL-LHC . We also report on the R&D for the new readout and trigger electronics, which must be upgraded due to the increased trigger and latency requirements at the HL-LHC.

High Luminosity LHC Project Description

CERN Document Server

Apollinari, Giorgio; Rossi, Lucio

2014-01-01

The High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) is a novel configuration of the Large Hadron Collider, aiming at increasing the luminosity by a factor five or more above the nominal LHC design, to allow increasing the integrated luminosity, in the high luminosity experiments ATLAS and CMS, from the 300 fb-1 of the LHC original design up to 3000 fb-1 or more. This paper contains a short description of the main machine parameters and of the main equipment that need to be developed and installed. The preliminary cost evaluation and the time plan are presented, too. Finally, the international collaboration that is supporting the project, the governance and the project structure are discussed, too.

New strategies of the LHC experiments to meet the computing requirements of the HL-LHC era

CERN Document Server

Adamova, Dagmar

2017-01-01

The performance of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) during the ongoing Run 2 is above expectations both concerning the delivered luminosity and the LHC live time. This resulted in a volume of data much larger than originally anticipated. Based on the current data production levels and the structure of the LHC experiment computing models, the estimates of the data production rates and resource needs were re-evaluated for the era leading into the High Luminosity LHC (HLLHC), the Run 3 and Run 4 phases of LHC operation. It turns out that the raw data volume will grow 10 times by the HL-LHC era and the processing capacity needs will grow more than 60 times. While the growth of storage requirements might in principle be satisfied with a 20 per cent budget increase and technology advancements, there is a gap of a factor 6 to 10 between the needed and available computing resources. The threat of a lack of computing and storage resources was present already in the beginning of Run 2, but could still be mitigated, e.g....

Introduction to the HL-LHC Project

CERN Document Server

Rossi , L

2015-01-01

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of largest scientific instruments ever built. It has been exploring the new energy frontier since 2010, gathering a global user community of 7,000 scientists. To extend its discovery potential, the LHC will need a major upgrade in the 2020s to increase its luminosity (rate of collisions) by a factor of five beyond its design value and the integrated luminosity by a factor of ten. As a highly complex and optimized machine, such an upgrade of the LHC must be carefully studied and requires about ten years to implement. The novel machine configuration, called High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), will rely on a number of key innovative technologies, representing exceptional technological challenges, such as cutting-edge 11–12 tesla superconducting magnets, very compact superconducting cavities for beam rotation with ultra-precise phase control, new technology for beam collimation and 300-meter-long high-power superconducting links with negligible energy dissipation. HL-LHC federa...

Le détecteur VZERO, la physique muons présente et la préparation de son futur dans l'expérience ALICE au LHC

CERN Document Server

Tieulent, Raphaël

La physique des ions lourds a pour objectif ultime d'étendre le domaine d'application du Modèle Standard de la physique des particules à des systèmes de taille finie, complexes et dynamiques. En particulier, elle vise à comprendre comment apparaissent, à partir des lois microscopiques de la physique des particules élémentaires, des phénomènes collectifs et des propriétés macroscopiques mettant en jeu un grand nombre de degrés de liberté. La réalisation de ce programme scientifique passe par une caractérisation du plasma de quarks et de gluons (QGP), l'état déconfiné de la matière nucléaire qui peut être formé à l'aide de collisions d'ions lourds accélérés à des énergies ultra relativistes. L'expérience ALICE exploite les collisions Pb-Pb, proton-Pb et proton-proton du LHC pour mesurer les propriétés fondamentales du QGP comme, par exemple, la température critique du déconfinement ou les coefficients de transport de la matière déconfinée. L'état QGP de la matière aurait �...

Injection Protection Upgrade for the HL-LHC

CERN Document Server

AUTHOR|(CDS)2067108; Biancacci, Nicolo; Bracco, Chiara; Frasciello, Oscar; Gentini, Luca; Goddard, Brennan; Lechner, Anton; Maciariello, Fausto; Perillo Marcone, Antonio; Salvant, Benoit; Shetty, Nikhil Vittal; Steele, Genevieve; Velotti, Francesco; Zobov, Mikhail

2015-01-01

The injector complex of the LHC is undergoing important changes in the light of the LIU project to provide brighter beams to the LHC. For this reason and as part of the High Luminosity LHC project the injection protection system of the LHC will be upgraded in the Long Shutdown 2 (2018 - 2019) to be able to protect downstream elements against injection failures with the high brightness, high intensity HL-LHC beams. The upgraded LHC injection protection system will consist of a segmented injection protection absorber TDIS, and auxiliary collimators and masks. The layout modifications are described, and the machine element protection and absorber jaw robustness studies are presented for the new systems.

Cent troisième session du Conseil du CERN

CERN Multimedia

CERN Press Office. Geneva

1995-01-01

From the lowest energy levels at ISOLDE to the highest at LHC, the Director-General reported a successful year. The accelerators worked better than ever, and the LHC's baseline design was finalised. ISOLDE produces radioactive beams for applications in nuclear physics, particle and astrophysics, solid state physics, atomic physics, biology, and medicine.

LHC: seven golden suppliers

CERN Multimedia

2005-01-01

The fourth CERN Golden Hadron awards saw seven of the LHC's best suppliers receive recognition for the high quality of their work, compliance with delivery deadlines, flexibility and adaptability to the demanding working conditions of the project. The representatives of the seven companies which received awards during the Golden Hadron ceremony, standing with Lyn Evans, LHC Project Leader. 'The Golden Hadron awards are a symbol of our appreciation of not only the quality and timely delivery of components but also the collaborative and flexible way the firms have contributed to this very difficult project,' said Lyn Evans, head of the LHC project. The awards went to Kemppi-Kempower (Finland), Metso Powdermet (Finland), Transtechnik (Germany), Babcock Noell Nuclear (Germany), Iniziative Industriali (Italy), ZTS VVU Kosice (Slovakia), and Jehier (France). Babock Noell Nuclear (BNN) successfully produced one-third (416 cold dipole masses) of the LHC's superconducting dipole magnets, one of the most critical an...

A table-top LHC

CERN Multimedia

Barbara Warmbein

2011-01-01

Many years ago, when ATLAS was no more than a huge empty underground cavern and Russian artillery shell casings were being melted down to become part of the CMS calorimetry system, science photographer Peter Ginter started documenting the LHC’s progress. He was there when special convoys of equipment crossed the Jura at night, when cranes were lowering down detector slices and magnet coils were being wound in workshops. Some 18 years of LHC history have been documented by Ginter, and the result has just come out as a massive coffee table book full of double-page spreads of Ginter’s impressive images.   The new coffee table book, LHC: the Large Hadron Collider. Published by the Austrian publisher Edition Lammerhuber in cooperation with CERN and UNESCO Publishing, LHC: the Large Hadron Collider is an unusual piece in the company’s portfolio. As the publisher’s first science book, LHC: the Large Hadron Collider weighs close to five kilos and comes in a s...

Looking back over the LHC Project

CERN Multimedia

2007-01-01

Have you always wanted to delve into the history of the phenomenal LHC Project? Well, now you can. A chronological history of the LHC Project is now available on the web. It traces the Project's key milestones, from its first approval in 1994 to the most recent spectacular transport operations for detector components. The photographs used to illustrate these events are linked to the CDS database, allowing visitors who wish to do so the opportunity to download them or to search for photographs associated with subjects that are of interest to them. To explore the history of the LHC Project, go to the CERN Public Welcome page and click on 'LHC Milestones' or simply go directly to the following link: http://cern.ch/LHC-Milestones/

Optical data transmission ASICs for the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) experiments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, X; Huang, G; Sun, X; Liu, G; Deng, B; Gong, D; Guo, D; Liu, C; Liu, T; Xiang, A C; Ye, J; Zhao, X; Chen, J; You, Y; He, M; Hou, S; Teng, P-K; Jin, G; Liang, H; Liang, F

2014-01-01

We present the design and test results of two optical data transmission ASICs for the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) experiments. These ASICs include a two-channel serializer (LOCs2) and a single-channel Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) driver (LOCld1V2). Both ASICs are fabricated in a commercial 0.25-μm Silicon-on-Sapphire (SoS) CMOS technology and operate at a data rate up to 8 Gbps per channel. The power consumption of LOCs2 and LOCld1V2 are 1.25 W and 0.27 W at 8-Gbps data rate, respectively. LOCld1V2 has been verified meeting the radiation-tolerance requirements for HL-LHC experiments

From the LHC to Future Colliders

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

De Roeck, A.; Ellis, J.; Grojean, C.

2010-01-01

Discoveries at the LHC will soon set the physics agenda for future colliders. This report of a CERN Theory Institute includes the summaries of Working Groups that reviewed the physics goals and prospects of LHC running with 10 to 300/fb of integrated luminosity, of the proposed sLHC luminosity up...

Large hadron collider (LHC) project quality assurance plan

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gullo, Lisa; Karpenko, Victor; Robinson, Kem; Turner, William; Wong, Otis

2002-09-30

The LHC Quality Assurance Plan is a set of operating principles, requirements, and practices used to support Berkeley Lab's participation in the Large Hadron Collider Project. The LHC/QAP is intended to achieve reliable, safe, and quality performance in the LHC project activities. The LHC/QAP is also designed to fulfill the following objectives: (1) The LHC/QAP is Berkeley Lab's QA program document that describes the elements necessary to integrate quality assurance, safety management, and conduct of operations into the Berkeley Lab's portion of the LHC operations. (2) The LHC/QAP provides the framework for Berkeley Lab LHC Project administrators, managers, supervisors, and staff to plan, manage, perform, and assess their Laboratory work. (3) The LHC/QAP is the compliance document that conforms to the requirements of the Laboratory's Work Smart Standards for quality assurance (DOE O 414.1, 10 CFR 830.120), facility operations (DOE O 5480.19), and safety management (DOE P 450.4).

Large hadron collider (LHC) project quality assurance plan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gullo, Lisa; Karpenko, Victor; Robinson, Kem; Turner, William; Wong, Otis

2002-01-01

The LHC Quality Assurance Plan is a set of operating principles, requirements, and practices used to support Berkeley Lab's participation in the Large Hadron Collider Project. The LHC/QAP is intended to achieve reliable, safe, and quality performance in the LHC project activities. The LHC/QAP is also designed to fulfill the following objectives: (1) The LHC/QAP is Berkeley Lab's QA program document that describes the elements necessary to integrate quality assurance, safety management, and conduct of operations into the Berkeley Lab's portion of the LHC operations. (2) The LHC/QAP provides the framework for Berkeley Lab LHC Project administrators, managers, supervisors, and staff to plan, manage, perform, and assess their Laboratory work. (3) The LHC/QAP is the compliance document that conforms to the requirements of the Laboratory's Work Smart Standards for quality assurance (DOE O 414.1, 10 CFR 830.120), facility operations (DOE O 5480.19), and safety management (DOE P 450.4)

Heavy-ion operation of HL-LHC

CERN Document Server

Jowett, J M; Versteegen, R

2015-01-01

The heavy-ion physics programme of the LHC will continue during the HL-LHC period with upgraded detectors capable of exploiting several times the design luminosity for nucleus–nucleus (Pb–Pb) collisions. For proton–nucleus (p–Pb) collisions, unforeseen in the original design of the LHC, a comparable increase beyond the 2013 luminosity should be attainable. We present performance projections and describe the operational strategies and relatively modest upgrades to the collider hardware that will be needed to achieve these very significant extensions to the physics potential of the High Luminosity LHC.

The Lhc beam commissioning

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Redarelli, S.; Bailey, R.

2008-01-01

The plans for the Lhc proton beam commissioning are presented. A staged commissioning approach is proposed to satisfy the request of the Lhc experiments while minimizing the machine complexity in early commissioning phases. Machine protection and collimation aspects will be tackled progressively as the performance will be pushed to higher beam intensities. The key parameters are the number of bunches, k b , the proton intensity pe bunch, N, and the β in the various interaction points. All together these parameters determine the total beam power and the complexity of the machine. We will present the proposed trade off between the evolution of these parameters and the Lhc luminosity performance.

GAC-EPA

CERN Document Server

GAC-EPA

2013-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 1er octobre de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 5 novembre et 3 décembre 2013. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/. e-mail : gac-epa@gac-epa.org.

GAC-EPA

CERN Document Server

GAC-EPA

2016-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence, initialement prévue le 6 septembre est avancée au mardi 30 août de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel. Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 4 octobre, 1er et 29 novembre 2016. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires.

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2016-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence, initialement prévue le 7 juin est avancée au mardi 31 mai de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel. Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 6 septembre, 4 octobre, 1er et 29 novembre 2016. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires.

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2015-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 5 mai de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 2 juin, 1er septembre, 6 octobre, 3 novembre et 1er décembre 2015. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires.

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

Staff Association

2015-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 7 avril de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 5 mai, 2 juin, 1er septembre, 6 octobre, 3 novembre et 1er décembre 2015. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires.

Permanences GAG-EPA

CERN Document Server

GAC-EPA

2015-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 5 mai de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 2 juin, 1er septembre, 6 octobre, 3 novembre et 1er décembre 2015. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires.

GAC-EPA

CERN Document Server

GAC-EPA

2016-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence, initialement prévue le 6 septembre est avancée au mardi 30 août de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel. Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 4 octobre, 1er et 29 novembre 2016. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires  

Acquérir le vocabulaire juridique français par la construction d’un glossaire collaboratif sur Moodle : un défi innovant pour des étudiants chinois à l’université française

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jocelyne Sourisseau

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Les traditions d’apprentissage de l’étudiant chinois, fondées sur la mémorisation, sont difficiles à appliquer dans le cadre de l’étude du vocabulaire juridique français. Cet article présente la mise en place d’un nouvel outil : la construction collaborative d’un glossaire en ligne, à partir des fiches de droit, pour favoriser l’entraide, le partage du travail et une plus grande implication des apprenants dans la construction de leurs savoirs. Une enquête réalisée auprès des étudiants chinois à la fin du semestre nous informera sur les points forts et les points à améliorer de ce dispositif innovant.

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2016-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : le mardi 1er novembre de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel. La permanence suivante aura lieu le mardi 29 novembre 2016. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/. e-mail : gac-epa@gac-epa.org.

GAC-EPA

CERN Document Server

GAC-EPA

2016-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 4 octobre de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 1er et 29 novembre 2016. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/. e-mail : gac-epa@gac-epa.org.

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2015-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 3 novembre de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel La permanence suivante aura lieu le mardi 1er décembre 2015. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/. e-mail : gac-epa@gac-epa.org.

Réflexion sur l’origine du processus de segmentation du marche du travail

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Attia Nicole

2006-01-01

Full Text Available (francuski Ce travail propose une réflexion sur l'origine du processus de segmentation du marché du travail par rapport à l'entreprise. Se situe-t-elle au sein même de l'entreprise ou en amont, c'est à dire entre les entreprises? Cela revient à se demander si on peut avoir une approche microéconomique ou macroéconomique de la segmentation et, à s'interroger sur le rôle réel tenu par les firmes dans le processus. Déterminant pour la théorie, ce rôle est à repenser selon la réponse apportée à notre question.

HL-LHC kicker magnet (MKI)

CERN Multimedia

Brice, Maximilien

2018-01-01

HL-LHC kicker magnet (MKI): last vacuum test, preparation for transport to LHC transfer line in underground tunnel.The LHC injection kicker systems (MKIs) generate fast field pulses to inject the clockwise rotating beam at Point 2 and the anti-clockwise rotating beam at Point 8: there are eight MKI magnets installed in total. Each MKI magnet contains a high purity alumina tube: if an MKI magnet is replaced this tube requires conditioning with LHC beam: until it is properly conditioned, there can be high vacuum pressure due to the beam. This high pressure can also cause electrical breakdowns in the MKI magnets. A special coating (Cr2O3) has been applied to the inside of the alumina tube of an upgraded MKI magnet – this is expected to greatly reduce the pressure rise with beam. In addition, HL-LHC beam would result in excessive heating of the MKI magnets: the upgraded design includes modifications that will reduce heating, and move the power deposition to parts that will be easier to cool. Experience during 2...

The LHC and its successors

CERN Multimedia

Anaïs Schaeffer

2012-01-01

Not too long before the first long technical stop of the LHC, engineers and physicists are already working on the next generation of accelerators: HL-LHC and LHeC. The first would push proton-proton collisions to an unprecedented luminosity rate; the second would give a second wind to electron-proton collisions.   The ring-ring configuration of the LHeC would need this type of magnets, currently being studied for possible future use. In one year, the LHC will begin to change. During the first long shutdown, from December 2012 to late 2014, the machine will go through a first phase of major upgrades, with the objective of running at 7 TeV per beam at the beginning of 2015. With this long technical stop and the two others that will follow (in 2018 and 2022), a new project will see the light of day. Current plans include the study of something that looks more like a new machine rather than a simple upgrade: the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). Much more powerful than the current machine, the HL-...

Hybrid beams in the LHC

CERN Multimedia

CERN Bulletin

2011-01-01

The first proton-ion beams were successfully circulated in the LHC a couple of weeks ago. Everything went so smoothly that the LHC teams had planned the first p-Pb collisions for Wednesday, 16 November. Unfortunately, a last-minute problem with a component of the PS required for proton acceleration prevented the LHC teams from making these new collisions. However, the way is open for a possible physics run with proton-lead collisions in 2012.   Members of the LHC team photographed when the first hybrid beams got to full energy. The proton and lead beams are visible on the leftmost screen up on the wall (click to enlarge the photo). The technical challenge of making different beams circulate in the LHC is by no means trivial. Even if the machine is the same, there are a number of differences when it is operated with beams of protons, beams of lead or beams of proton and lead. Provided that the beams are equal, irrespective of whether they consist of protons or lead nuclei, they revolve at the...

Technological challenges for the LHC

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva; Rossi, Lucio; Lebrun, Philippe; Bordry, Frederick; Mess, Karl Hubert; Schmidt, Rüdiger

2003-01-01

For the LHC to provide particle physics with proton-proton collisions at the centre of mass energy of 14 TeV with a luminosity of 1034 cm-2s-1, the machine will operate with high-field dipole magnets using NbTi superconductors cooled to below the lambda point of helium. In order to reach design performance, the LHC requires both, the use of existing technologies pushed to the limits as well as the application of novel technologies. The construction follows a decade of intensive R&D and technical validation of major collider sub-systems. The first lecture will focus on the required LHC performance, and on the implications on the technologies. In the following lectures several examples for LHC technologies will be discussed: the superconducting magnets to deflect and focus the beams, the cryogenics to cool the magnets to a temperature below the lambda point of helium along most of the LHC circumference, the powering system supplying about 7000 magnets connected in 1700 electrical circuits with a total curr...

Publications | Page 25 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Renforcer le leadership en matière de politiques parmi les travailleurs de la santé qui œuvrent auprès de patients atteints du VIH/sida. Les travailleurs de la santé doivent posséder ... Coup d'oeil sur la santé mentale des hommes et des femmes dans le milieu de travail au Chili. Des chercheurs chiliens et canadiens ont uni ...

Un apprentissage bidirectionnel | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

8 juil. 2011 ... Par exemple, John Whalley, qui suit de près l'évolution de la Chine depuis plus de 20 ans, est bien connu à Beijing. Ce professeur d'économie de l'Université Western Ontario et associé de marque du CIGI coordonne les activités au Canada et agit aussi comme mentor auprès de plusieurs jeunes ...

Culture, Spirituality, and Economic Development : Opening a Dialogue

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

1 janv. 1995 ... Dans Culture, Spirituality, and Economic Development, l'auteur, William F. Ryan, S.J. aborde la question en formulant des réflexions sur une série d'entrevues réalisées auprès de théoriciens de diverses disciplines de toutes les régions du monde. Les résultats confirment le caractère fallacieux que ...

Original Paper Performances comparées du HDL-cholestérol et du ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

CT/HDL-C) et du HDL-Cholestérol est le meilleur prédicteur du SMet chez les adultes béninois. .... (Canada) et du. Ministère de la Santé du Bénin. Le consentement éclairé écrit a été obtenu de chaque participant avant leur recrutement dans.

Robust Tracking at the High Luminosity LHC

CERN Document Server

Woods, Natasha Lee; The ATLAS collaboration

2018-01-01

The High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) aims to increase the LHC data-set by an order of magnitude in order to increase its potential for discoveries. Starting from the middle of 2026, the HL-LHC is expected to reach the peak instantaneous luminosity of 7.5×10^34cm^-2s^-1 which corresponds to about 200 inelastic proton-proton collisions per beam crossing. To cope with the large radiation doses and high pileup, the current ATLAS Inner Detector will be replaced with a new all-silicon Inner Tracker. In this talk the expected performance of tracking and vertexing with the HL-LHC tracker is presented. Comparison is made to the performance with the Run2 detector. Ongoing developments of the track reconstruction for the HL-LHC are also discussed.

Régionalisation du recrutement du personnel de santé au Burkina ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Régionalisation du recrutement du personnel de santé au Burkina Faso ... le ministère a adopté une politique de recrutement régionalisé de certaines catégories du ... de comprendre le contexte dans lequel une telle stratégie a été formulée, ...

35 Typologie des eaux de surface du bassin du Sebou par multi ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

PR BOKO

2Service de protection de la qualité de l'eau, Agence du Bassin Hydraulique du ... pour montrer l'évolution de la qualité biologique des eaux de surface du ..... Biological Indicators of Freshwater Pollution and Environmental Management,.

Future of LHC

CERN Document Server

Dova, Maria-Teresa; The ATLAS collaboration

2018-01-01

The High-Luminosity LHC aims to provide a total integrated luminosity of 3000 fb-1 from p-p collisions at  14 TeV over the course of 10 years. The upgraded ATLAS detector must be able to cope well with increased occupancies and data rates. The large data samples at the High-Luminosity LHC will enable precise measurements of the Higgs boson and other Standard Model particles, as well as searches for new phenomena BSM.

Physics programmes of the restarted LHC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tokushuku, Katsuo

2011-01-01

Experimental programs at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have started. On March 30th in 2010, proton beams collided at 7 TeV in the LHC, at the highest center-of-mass energy the humankind has ever produced. The machine will be operated almost continuously until the end of 2011, providing many collision data to explore new physics in the TeV region. The LHC has recovered from the unfortunate helium-leak incident in September 2009. In this article, after describing the history of the consolidation works in the LHC, physics prospects from the 2 year run are discussed. (author)

LHC crab-cavity aspects and strategy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Calaga, R.; Tomas, R.; Zimmermann, F.

2010-01-01

The 3rd LHC Crab Cavity workshop (LHC-CC09) took place at CERN in October 2009. It reviewed the current status and identified a clear strategy towards a future crab-cavity implementation. Following the success of crab cavities in KEK-B and the strong potential for luminosity gain and leveling, CERN will pursue crab crossing for the LHC upgrade. We present a summary and outcome of the variousworkshop sessions which have led to the LHC crab-cavity strategy, covering topics like layout, cavity design, integration, machine protection, and a potential validation test in the SPS.

Caractérisation des sables et morphologie du fond du lac du ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Une analyse sédimentologique et minéralogique réalisée sur un cycle hydrologique entre octobre 2004 et août 2005 a permis d\\'évaluer les charges solides en suspension et de caractériser les sédiments du lac du barrage de Taabo. La concentration moyenne en matières en suspension (12 mg.L-1) et la turbidité ...

Caractérisation des sables et morphologie du fond du lac du ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Administrateur

Une analyse sédimentologique et minéralogique réalisée sur un cycle hydrologique entre octobre 2004 et août 2005 a permis d'évaluer les charges solides en suspension et de caractériser les sédiments du lac du barrage de Taabo. La concentration moyenne en matières en suspension (12 mg.L-1) et la turbidité ...

LHC: forwards and onwards

CERN Multimedia

2008-01-01

Following the recent incident in Sector 3-4, which has brought the start-up of the LHC to a halt, the various teams are working hard to establish the cause, evaluate the situation and plan the necessary repairs. The LHC will be started up again in spring 2009 following the winter shutdown for the maintenance of all the CERN installations. The LHC teams are at work on warming up Sector 3-4 and establishing the cause of the serious incident that occurred on Friday, 19 September. Preliminary investigations suggest that the likely cause of the problem was a faulty electrical connection between two magnets. The connections probably melted, leading to a mechanical failure and a large leak of helium into the tunnel. However, the teams will not be able to carry out a full evaluation and assess the repairs needed until the sector has been warmed up again and inspected. "We are not worried about repairing the magnets as spare parts are available", said Lyn Evans, the LHC Project Leade...

LHC Report: Ion Age

CERN Multimedia

John Jowett for the LHC team

2013-01-01

The LHC starts the New Year facing a new challenge: proton-lead collisions in the last month before the shutdown in mid-February.    Commissioning this new and almost unprecedented mode of collider operation is a major challenge both for the LHC and its injector chain. Moreover, it has to be done very quickly to achieve a whole series of physics goals, requiring modifications of the LHC configuration, in a very short time. These include a switch of the beam directions halfway through the run, polarity reversals of the ALICE spectrometer magnet and Van der Meer scans.    The Linac3 team kept the lead source running throughout the end-of-year technical stop, and recovery of the accelerator complex was very quick. New proton and lead beams were soon ready, with a bunch filling pattern that ensures they will eventually match up in the LHC. The LEIR machine has even attained a new ion beam intensity record.  On Friday 11 January the first single bunches o...

Engagez-vous, devenez délégué(e) du personnel du CERN

CERN Multimedia

Staff Association

2017-01-01

Dans notre ECHO N° 275, nous avons annoncé les élections à venir au Conseil du personnel du CERN. Dans le présent ECHO, nous vous informons du lancement du processus des élections qui débute par le dépôt des candidatures. Tous les titulaires, boursiers et associés, qui sont aussi membres de l’Association du personnel, peuvent s’engager et déposer leur candidature entre le 11 septembre à 08 h 00 et le 13 octobre 2017 à 17 h 00. N’hésitez plus, remplissez le formulaire de candidature, présentez-vous aux élections au Conseil du personnel afin de pouvoir représenter et défendre vos collègues du personnel du CERN. ÊTRE DÉLÉGUÉ(E), C’EST QUOI ? Poser la question à plusieurs d...

The LHC in numbers

CERN Multimedia

Alizée Dauvergne

2010-01-01

What makes the LHC the biggest particle accelerator in the world? Here are some of the numbers that characterise the LHC, and their equivalents in terms that are easier for us to imagine.   Feature Number Equivalent Circumference ~ 27 km   Distance covered by beam in 10 hours ~ 10 billion km a round trip to Neptune Number of times a single proton travels around the ring each second 11 245   Speed of protons first entering the LHC 299 732 500 m/s 99.9998 % of the speed of light Speed of protons when they collide 299 789 760 m/s 99.9999991 % of the speed of light Collision temperature ~ 1016 °C ove...

Beam Scraping for LHC Injection

CERN Document Server

Burkhardt, H; Fischer, C; Gras, J-J; Koschik, A; Kramer, Daniel; Pedersen, S; Redaelli, S

2007-01-01

Operation of the LHC will require injection of very high intensity beams from the SPS to the LHC. Fast scrapers have been installed and will be used in the SPS to detect and remove any existing halo before beams are extracted, to minimize the probability for quenching of superconducting magnets at injection in the LHC. We briefly review the functionality of the scraper system and report about measurements that have recently been performed in the SPS on halo scraping and re-population of tails.

The physics behind LHC

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2006-01-01

What do physicists want to discover with experiments at the LHC? What is the Higgs boson? What are the new phenomena that could be observed at the LHC?I will try to answer these questions using language accessible also to non-experts. Organiser(s): L. Alvarez-Gaume / PH-THNote: * Tea & coffee will be served at 16:00.

À la recherche d’innovations dans l’enseignement du FLE destinées aux étudiants sinophones en mobilité interuniversitaire : le cas de Taïwan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

LEE Hsin-I

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Un nombre croissant d’étudiants sinophones vient en France pour poursuivre ses études. Afin de préciser les problèmes rencontrés, nous avons effectué des enquêtes auprès d’un échantillon de 90 étudiants taïwanais de diverses disciplines, durant les années universitaires 2013 et 2014, avant le départ et pendant le séjour en France. La question linguistique est souvent un problème majeur, mais elle n’est pas la seule. Les étudiants vont également faire l’expérience des différences culturelles. De plus, l’adaptation à la méthodologie universitaire soulève des difficultés. Notre conclusion consiste à proposer dans l’enseignement du FLE à Taïwan des innovations pédagogiques destinées à mieux préparer en amont les étudiants et ainsi leur permettre de mieux s’adapter au système éducatif français.

LHC physics results and prospects

CERN Document Server

Kono, Takanori; The ATLAS collaboration

2018-01-01

This talk presents the latest results from LHC Run-2 as of May 2018 which include Standard Model measurements, Higgs boson properties and beyond Standard Model search results. The prospects for future LHC runs are also shown.

Etude et optimisation des performances du calorimètre électromagnétique de l'expérience CMS pour la physique au LHC

CERN Document Server

Descamps, Julien; Jarry, Patrick

2007-01-01

The CMS experiment (Compact Muon Solenoid) is one of the two multi-purpose experiments of the proton-proton collider LHC (Large Hadron Collider) currently starting at CERN (Geneva). One of the main goals of CMS is the search for the Higgs boson. Because of the LHC challenging environment, the collaboration have chosen an electromagnetic calorimeter made of about 75000 scintillating lead tungstate crystals P bW O4 , at the same time fast, radiation hard, and extremely precise, especially in the energy range for the Higgs boson search, in the channel where it decays in two photons. The five first chapters of this thesis present the LHC, the CMS detector and notably the electro- magnetic calorimeter (ECAL). The sixth chapter presents a test beam analysis realized in 2004 at CERN with an electron beam of different energies (20-250 GeV) incident on a part (1/36) of the calorimeter barrel called “ supermodule ”. A study of the energy measurement variation within 9 (3×3) and 25 (5×5) crystals matrices as funct...

Environnement alimentaire de la vente au détail et expériences de magasinage dans les collectivités des Premières nations du nord des provinces

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kristin Burnett

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction : Cet article porte sur l'environnement de la vente d’aliments dans les collectivités des Premières nations du nord des provinces, en particulier sur la concurrence éventuelle dans la vente au détail de la North West Company (NWC ainsi que sur les expériences d'achats alimentaires de la population vivant dans le Nord canadien. Méthodologie : Nous avons utilisé deux méthodologies pour évaluer l’environnement alimentaire de la vente au détail dans le Nord. D’abord, nous avons cartographié les détaillants en alimentation du Nord afin d’examiner le degré de concurrence au détail dans les régions nordiques, en prêtant une attention particulière aux collectivités qui ne sont pas accessibles à l’année par la route. Ensuite, nous avons enquêté auprès des personnes vivant dans les collectivités du Nord canadien à propos de leurs expériences d’achat au détail et de magasinage. Résultats : Cinquante‑quatre pour cent des collectivités du nord des provinces et du Grand Nord n’avaient aucune épicerie en concurrence avec la NWC. Les provinces comptant les plus fortes proportions de collectivités nordiques sans concurrence dans la vente au détail étaient l’Ontario (87 %, la Saskatchewan (83 % et le Manitoba (72 %. Les participants au sondage (n = 92 ont fait état de leurs préoccupations quant à leurs expériences d'achat dans trois grands secteurs : le coût des aliments, la qualité et la fraîcheur des aliments et la disponibilité de certains aliments. Conclusion : La concurrence dans la vente au détail est limitée dans le nord des provinces. Au Manitoba, en Saskatchewan et en Ontario, la NWC ne fait face à aucune concurrence dans au moins 70 % des collectivités nordiques. Les consommateurs du Nord canadien considèrent que les aliments nutritifs sont peu abordables, et ils souhaitent avoir accès à un plus grand choix d’aliments périssables en bon état.

LHC an unprecedented technological challenge

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baruch, J.O.

2002-01-01

This article presents the future LHC (large hadron collider) in simple terms and gives some details concerning radiation detectors and supra-conducting magnets. LHC will take the place of the LEP inside the 27 km long underground tunnel near Geneva and is scheduled to operate in 2007. 8 years after its official launching the LHC project has piled up 2 year delay and has exceeded its initial budget (2 milliard euros) by 18%. Technological challenges and design difficulties are the main causes of these shifts. The first challenge has been carried out successfully, it was the complete clearing out of the LEP installation. In order to release 14 TeV in each proton-proton collision, powerful magnetic fields (8,33 Tesla) are necessary. 1248 supra-conducting 15 m-long bipolar magnets have to be built. 30% of the worldwide production of niobium-titanium wires will be used each year for 5 years in the design of these coils. The global cryogenic system will be gigantic and will use 94 tons of helium. 4 radiation detectors are being built: ATLAS (a toroidal LHC apparatus), CMS (compact muon solenoid), ALICE (a large ion collider experiment) and LHC-b (large hadron collider beauty). The 2 first will search after the Higgs boson, ALICE will be dedicated to the study of the quark-gluon plasma and LHC-b will gather data on the imbalance between matter and anti-matter. (A.C.)

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2014-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 4 février de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/. e-mail : gac-epa@gac-epa.org. * * * * * Carte de membre de l'Association du personnel du CERN Les membres GAC-EPA qui souhaitent recevoir une carte de membre AP en 2014 doivent  en faire la demande par email à secretariat@gac-epa.org, ou par lettre au secrétaire ...

Assemblée Générale de la Caisse de Pensions

CERN Multimedia

Staff Association

2010-01-01

Tous les membres et bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions sont invités à L’Assemblée générale annuelle qui se tiendra dans la Salle du Conseil Le lundi 6 septembre 2010, de 14h00 à 16h30 L’ordre du jour sera le suivant : Introduction – F. Ferrini Présentation des États financiers 2009 – T. Economou Des exemplaires des États financiers 2009 peuvent être obtenus auprès des secrétariats de département. Le point de l’Administration – T. Economou Rapport du Président du Conseil d’administration de la Caisse de pensions – F. Ferrini Questions des membres ou bénéficiaires Les personnes désirant poser une question sont invitées à adresser celle-ci dans la mesure du possible par &e...

Heavy feet for the LHC

CERN Document Server

2003-01-01

The first 800 jacks (adjustable supports) for one sector of the LHC have arrived from India in recent weeks. After the final acceptance of the preseries jacks at the end of October, they can now be used to support the LHC cryo-magnets. How do you move the weight of eight adult Indian elephants by the breadth of a human hair? If you are a surveyor at CERN who has to adjust the 32 ton LHC dipoles with a resolution of 1/20 of a millimetre, you use the 80 kg jacks which were designed and are being procured by the Centre for Advanced Technology (CAT) in India. The jacks are undergoing final pre-shipment inspection by CAT engineers in India. More than 800 jacks have arrived in recent weeks from India, enough to equip the first sector of the LHC (one octant of the ring). For all the cryo-magnets (dipoles and quadrupoles) of the LHC 7000 jacks are needed in total. They are now being continuously delivered to CERN up to mid-2005. The close collaboration between the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) in India and CE...

Japanese contributions to CERN-LHC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kondo, Takahiko; Shintomi, Takakazu; Kimura, Yoshitaka

2001-01-01

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is now under construction at CERN, Geveva, to study frontier researches of particle physics. The LHC is the biggest superconducting accelerator using the most advanced cryogenics and applied superconductivities. The accelerator and large scale detectors for particle physics experiments are being constructed by collaboration with European countries and also by participation with non-CERN countries worldwide. In 1995, the Japanese government decided to take on a share in the LHC project with funding and technological contributions. KEK contributes to the development of low beta insertion superconducting quadrupole magnets and of components of the ATLAS detector by collaboration with university groups. Some Japanese companies have received contracts for technically key elements such as superconducting cable, cold compressor, nonmagnetic steel, polyimide film, and so on. An outline of the LHC project and Japanese contributions are described. (author)

Ecologie du phytoplancton du lac Kivu

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sarmento, H.

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Speciation within the African Coffee Pathogen. Cet article analyse s'il est avantageux d'utiliser le compost au lieu de l'engrais minéral pour produire la laitue dans la zone urbaine et péri-urbaine de Yaoundé. Les résultats de terrain montrent l'obtention de rendements et profits plus élevés lorsqu'on utilise le compost. Les résultats de la fonction de production Cobb-Douglas prouvent que l'utilisation du compost est statistiquement significative pour expliquer la variation de rendement de la laitue et que le compost est l'intrant le plus productif. D'autres résultats montrent que le compost fournit la matière organique utile au sol et que les besoins d'irrigation en eau de la culture sont réduits grâce à l'utilisation du compost. Par conséquent, malgré le fait que l'application du compost demande une main-d'oeuvre beaucoup plus élevée, son utilisation est généralement bénéfique pour les agriculteurs vivant aux alentours de Yaoundé. Les programmes de vulgarisation de cet intrant pour encourager son adoption devraient donc figurer parmi les points prioritaires dans la politique agricole du gouvernement camerounais.

Introduction to the HL-LHC Project

Science.gov (United States)

Rossi, L.; Brüning, O.

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of largest scientific instruments ever built. It has been exploring the new energy frontier since 2010, gathering a global user community of 7,000 scientists. To extend its discovery potential, the LHC will need a major upgrade in the 2020s to increase its luminosity (rate of collisions) by a factor of five beyond its design value and the integrated luminosity by a factor of ten. As a highly complex and optimized machine, such an upgrade of the LHC must be carefully studied and requires about ten years to implement. The novel machine configuration, called High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), will rely on a number of key innovative technologies, representing exceptional technological challenges, such as cutting-edge 11-12 tesla superconducting magnets, very compact superconducting cavities for beam rotation with ultra-precise phase control, new technology for beam collimation and 300-meter-long high-power superconducting links with negligible energy dissipation. HL-LHC federates efforts and R&D of a large community in Europe, in the US and in Japan, which will facilitate the implementation of the construction phase as a global project.

Helium Inventory Management For LHC Cryogenics

CERN Document Server

Pyarali, Maisam

2017-01-01

The LHC is a 26.7 km circumference ring lined with superconducting magnets that operate at 1.9 K. These magnets are used to control the trajectory of beams of protons traveling in opposite directions and collide them at various experimental sites across the LHC where their debris is analyzed. The focus of this paper is the cryogenic system that allows the magnets to operate in their superconducting states. It aims to highlight the operating principles of helium refrigeration and liquefaction, with and without nitrogen pre-cooling; discuss the various refrigerators and liquefiers used at CERN for both LHC and Non-LHC applications, with their liquefaction capacities and purposes; and finally to deliberate the management of the LHC inventory and how it contributes to the strategic decision CERN makes regarding the inventory management during the Year-End Technical Stop (YETS), Extended Year-End Technical Stop (EYETS) and long shutdowns.

HL-LHC parameter space and scenarios

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bruning, O.S.

2012-01-01

The HL-LHC project aims at a total integrated luminosity of approximately 3000 fb -1 over the lifetime of the HL-LHC. Assuming an exploitation period of ca. 10 years this goal implies an annual integrated luminosity of approximately 200 fb -1 to 300 fb -1 per year. This paper looks at potential beam parameters that are compatible with the HL-LHC performance goals and discusses briefly potential variation in the parameter space. It is shown that the design goal of the HL-LHC project can only be achieved with a full upgrade of the injector complex and the operation with β* values close to 0.15 m. Significant margins for leveling can be achieved for β* values close to 0.15 m. However, these margins can only be harvested during the HL-LHC operation if the required leveling techniques have been demonstrated in operation

High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) general infographics

CERN Multimedia

Landua, Fabienne

2016-01-01

The High-Luminosity LHC, which is expected to be operational after 2025, will increase the LHC’s luminosity by a factor of 10. To achieve this major upgrade, several technologies, some of which are completely innovative, are being developed.

Electronics at LHC

CERN Document Server

Hall, Geoffrey

1998-01-01

An overview of the electronic readout systems planned for use in the CMS and ATLAS experiments at the LHC will be given, with an emphasis on the motivations for the designs adopted and major technologies to be employed, specially those which are specific to LHC. At its design luminosity, the LHC will deliver hundreds of millions of proton-proton interactions per second. Storage and computing limitations limit the number of physics events that can be recorded to about 100 per second. The selection will be carried out by the Trigger and data acquisition systems of the experiments. This lecture will review the requirements, architectures and various designs currently considered. Introduction. Structure of gauge theories. The QED and QCD examples. Chiral theories. The electroweak theory. Spontaneous symmetry breaking. The Higgs machanism.Gauge boson and fermion masses. Yukawa coupling. Charges current couplings. The Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix and CP violation. neutral current couplings. the Clashow-Iliopoul...

Status of the LHC machine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Faugeras, P.

1997-01-01

The report represents itself a set of diagrams, characterizing: the LHC main parameters for proton-proton collisions and lead ion collisions, parameters of SC dipole and quadrupole magnets and outlines of their designs, LHC cryogenic systems, injection complex and detectors [ru

HL-LHC (High-Luminosity LHC) first stone ceremony June 2018

CERN Document Server

Brice, Maximilien

2018-01-01

The first two pictures: Point 1 of the LHC. The Director-General of CERN inserts the time capsule containing a document submitted by France submits a document which is inserted in a time capsule at Point 1 of the LHC. This is the article "Geneva" of the Encyclopedia de Diderot and d'Alembert. In August 1756, during his stay in Geneva, Voltaire stayed in a property called Les Délices, many visitors including d'Alembert were involved in writing this article. Today, that location is the Library of Geneva's centre of research for the Enlightenment period. The following two pictures: Point 5 of the LHC. The Director-General of CERN inserts the time capsule containing a document submitted by the Republic and Canton of Geneva. This historic document from 1952 is the telegram by which the President of the Council of State at the time, Mr. Louis Casai, announced to his fellow members of the Government of Geneva the news of the decision taken by the signatory states of the convention for the establishment of a Europea...

Commissioning of the LHC

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2007-01-01

The LHC construction is now approaching the end and it is now time to prepare for commissioning with beam. The behavior of a proton storage ring is much different to that of LEP, which profited from strong radiation damping to keep the beam stable. Our last experience with a hadron collider at CERN goes back more than 15 years when the proton-antiproton collider last operated. Ppbar taught us a lot about the machine physics of bunched beam proton storage rings and was essential input for the design of the LHC. After a short presentation of where we stand today with machine installation and hardware commissioning, I will discuss the main machine physics issues that will have to be dealt with in the LHC.

Fiche technique du spermogramme et du spermocytogramme ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

En Afrique la stérilité du couple constitue un drame social. Selon l'OMS, environ 8 à 12 % des couples africains sont touchés par une infertilité. La responsabilité masculine dans la stérilité est comprise entre 30 à 40%. Les causes de l'infertilité masculine peuvent être l'impuissance et/ ou l'altération du sperme. L'étude de ...

LHC Highlights, from dream to reality

CERN Multimedia

CERN Bulletin

2010-01-01

The idea of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) was born in the early 1980s. Although LEP (CERN’s previous large accelerator) was still under construction at that time, scientists were already starting to think about re-using the 27-kilometre ring for an even more powerful machine. Turning this ambitious scientific plan into reality proved to be an immensely complex task. Civil engineering work, state-of-the-art technologies, a new approach to data storage and analysis: many people worked hard for many years to accomplish all this.   Here are some of the highlights: 1984. A symposium organized in Lausanne, Switzerland, is the official starting point for the LHC. LHC prototype of the two beam pipes (1992). 1989. The first embryonic collaborations begin. 1992. A meeting in Evian, France, marks the beginning of the LHC experiments. 1994. The CERN Council approves the construction of the LHC accelerator. 1995. Japan becomes an Observer of CERN and announces a financial contribution to ...

Performance of the LHC Pre-Injectors

CERN Document Server

Benedikt, Michael; Chanel, M; Garoby, R; Giovannozzi, Massimo; Hancock, S; Martini, M; Métral, Elias; Métral, G; Schindl, Karlheinz; Vallet, J L

2001-01-01

The LHC pre-injector complex, comprising Linac 2, the PS Booster (PSB) and the PS, has undergone a major upgrade in order to meet the very stringent requirements of the LHC. Whereas bunches with the nominal spacing and transverse beam brightness were already available from the PS in 1999 [1], their length proved to be outside tolerance due to a debunching procedure plagued by microwave instabilities. An alternative scenario was then proposed, based on a series of bunch-splitting steps in the PS. The entire process has recently been implemented successfully, and beams whose longitudinal characteristics are safely inside LHC specifications are now routinely available. Variants of the method also enable bunch trains with gaps of different lengths to be generated. These are of interest for the study and possible cure of electron cloud effects in both the SPS and LHC. The paper summarizes the beam dynamics issues that had to be addressed to produce beams with all the requisite qualities for the LHC.

The LHC Project Status and Prospects

CERN Document Server

Faugeras, Paul E

2001-01-01

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), CERN's future major facility for high-energy physics, has entered into the construction and preparation for installation phases. After recalling briefly the main machine design choices and challenges, one will review the progress of civil works for the machine and experimental areas and the status of the main LHC components, which are presently series-built and for some of them procured in kind through world-wide collaborations. Report will also be given on the full-scale prototype of an elementary LHC lattice cell, called String 2, which is being commissioned and used for optimising the installation and testing procedures of the LHC. The size and duration of the LHC Project, its intrinsic complexity and the large number of world-wide collaborations involved require rather elaborate project management tools, which will be shortly described. Finally, following the extended running of the LEP and the delay for emptying of the machine tunnel, a new planning for project completion...

To the LHC and beyond

CERN Document Server

Rodgers, Peter

2004-01-01

CERN was conceived in 1949 as a new European laboratory to halt the exodus of physics talent from Europe to North America. In 1954, the new lab formally came into existence upon ratification of the resolution by the first 12 European member states. To further strengthen its position as the top particle-physics laboratory in the world, the CERN council agreed a new seven-point strategy. Completing the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) on schedule in 2007 is the top priority, followed by consolidating the lab's infrastructure to guarantee reliable operation of the LHC; examining the lab's experimental program apart from the LHC; coordinating research in Europe; building a new injector for the LHC in 2006; increasing R&D on the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC); and working on a long-term strategy for the lab. CERN expects to complete half of these at the end of 2008. (Edited abstract).

Review of LHC dark matter searches

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kahlhoefer, Felix

2017-02-01

This review discusses both experimental and theoretical aspects of searches for dark matter at the LHC. An overview of the various experimental search channels is given, followed by a summary of the different theoretical approaches for predicting dark matter signals. A special emphasis is placed on the interplay between LHC dark matter searches and other kinds of dark matter experiments, as well as among different types of LHC searches.

Review of LHC dark matter searches

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kahlhoefer, Felix

2017-02-15

This review discusses both experimental and theoretical aspects of searches for dark matter at the LHC. An overview of the various experimental search channels is given, followed by a summary of the different theoretical approaches for predicting dark matter signals. A special emphasis is placed on the interplay between LHC dark matter searches and other kinds of dark matter experiments, as well as among different types of LHC searches.

Delivering LHC software to HPC compute elements

CERN Document Server

Blomer, Jakob; Hardi, Nikola; Popescu, Radu

2017-01-01

In recent years, there was a growing interest in improving the utilization of supercomputers by running applications of experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN when idle cores cannot be assigned to traditional HPC jobs. At the same time, the upcoming LHC machine and detector upgrades will produce some 60 times higher data rates and challenge LHC experiments to use so far untapped compute resources. LHC experiment applications are tailored to run on high-throughput computing resources and they have a different anatomy than HPC applications. LHC applications comprise a core framework that allows hundreds of researchers to plug in their specific algorithms. The software stacks easily accumulate to many gigabytes for a single release. New releases are often produced on a daily basis. To facilitate the distribution of these software stacks to world-wide distributed computing resources, LHC experiments use a purpose-built, global, POSIX file system, the CernVM File System. CernVM-FS pre-processes dat...

New U.S. LHC Web site launched

CERN Multimedia

Katie Yurkewicz

2007-01-01

On September 12, the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science launched a new Web site, www.uslhc.us, to tell the story of the U.S. role in the LHC. The site provides general information for the public about the LHC and its six experiments, as well as detailed information about the participation of physicists, engineers and students from the United States. The U.S. site joins the UK's LHC site in providing information for a national audience, with sites from several more countries expected to launch within the next year. The US LHC site features news and information about the LHC, along with high-resolution images and resources for students and educators. The site also features blogs by four particle physicists, including ATLAS collaborators Monica Dunford from the University of Chicago and Peter Steinberg from Brookhaven National Laboratory. More than 1,300 scientists from over 90 U.S. institutions participate in the LHC and its experiments, representing universities and national laboratories from...

Conférence de presse | Press Conference

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva; Bejar Alonso, Isabel

2018-01-01

10:00-11:00 Conférence de presse en présence de Lucio Rossi, chef du projet LHC à Haute Luminosité et Isabel Bejar Alonso, chargée de la configuration, de la qualité et des ressources du projet LHC à Haute Luminosité.

Beam-gas Background Observations at LHC

CERN Document Server

AUTHOR|(INSPIRE)INSPIRE-00214737; The ATLAS collaboration; Alici, Andrea; Lazic, Dragoslav-Laza; Alemany Fernandez, Reyes; Alessio, Federico; Bregliozzi, Giuseppe; Burkhardt, Helmut; Corti, Gloria; Guthoff, Moritz; Manousos, Athanasios; Sjoebaek, Kyrre; D'Auria, Saverio

2017-01-01

Observations of beam-induced background at LHC during 2015 and 2016 are presented in this paper. The four LHC experiments use the non-colliding bunches present in the physics-filling pattern of the accelerator to trigger on beam-gas interactions. During luminosity production the LHC experiments record the beam-gas interactions using dedicated background monitors. These data are sent to the LHC control system and are used to monitor the background levels at the experiments during accelerator operation. This is a very important measurement, since poor beam-induced background conditions can seriously affect the performance of the detectors. A summary of the evolution of the background levels during 2015 and 2016 is given in these proceedings.

Réglementation et supervision des institutions de microfinance en ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

30 juil. 2016 ... Les institutions de microfinance (IMF) interviennent auprès d'une clientèle qui est dans la majorité exclue du système bancaire formel. Étant donné qu'elles opèrent dans la collecte de l'épargne des pauvres en milieu rural, il est important de développer des cadres réglementaires qui protègent les clients ...

Insuffler une énergie nouvelle : donner une voix et une visibilité aux ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

22 oct. 2010 ... J'ai accepté, car cette méthode nous permettait de tenir une véritable consultation auprès des jeunes du Brésil. CRDI – Pouvez-vous nous expliquer en quoi consiste cette méthode ? Grzybowski – Les sondages d'opinion sont importants, mais c'est un peu comme si on tâtait le pouls d'un patient. De même ...

Activité antérieure – Améliorer la recherche sur les systèmes de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

15 avr. 2016 ... M. Félix Boa Yapo, directeur général de la santé de la Côte d'Ivoire, a ouvert la séance de consultation, en compagnie de Stanislas Kambour, directeur des systèmes de recherche et de renseignements sur la santé de l'OOAS, et de Chantal de Varennes, ambassadrice du Canada auprès de la République ...

Superviseur, Section de la bibliothèque et de la formation | CRDI ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Résumé des fonctions. Au sein de la Section attachée au Centre des ressources en matière d'information, le titulaire supervise une équipe chargée de la prestation des services de bibliothèque et de formation et qui est responsable des activités de communication de la Division auprès des utilisateurs à l'échelle du Centre.

Sprint final pour l'accélérateur Le LHC du CERN va entrer en service au mois de juin

CERN Multimedia

Du Brulle, Christian

2008-01-01

"Our new tool should be ready to function this summer", is delighted Jos Engelen, the scientific director of the international scientific organization. In more than hundred metres deep, under the French-Swiss border, the circular tunnel 27 kilometres in diameter of the LHC is almost equipped.

Budker INP in the LHC Machine (2)

CERN Multimedia

2001-01-01

The main BINP contributions to the LHC machine are magnets for transfer lines (26 MCHF) and bus- bar sets (23 MCHF). Budker INP is also responsible for construction of some other LHC magnets and vacuum parts. In total, the contribution to the LHC machine will reach about 90 MCHF.

Le féminin et la différence des sexes

OpenAIRE

Stitou, Rajaa

2013-01-01

L'être féminin ou masculin n'est pas seulement une affaire d'anatomie ou de biologie. Il est lié à la subjectivité, mais il porte aussi la marque d'une culture. Les rites et les mythes collectifs dont la fonction est de donner du sens à l'énigme du féminin et à ce qui différencie les sexes en témoignent avec force. Or que deviennent ces rites, dans lesquels chaque sujet s'implique singulièrement, face aux mutations culturelles? La pratique clinique auprès de sujets immigrés, confrontés à un m...

Les comportements face au VIH/sida parmi les migrants originaires d'Afrique subsaharienne en Suisse : Enquête ANSWER 2013-2014

OpenAIRE

Simonson, t.; Dubois-Arber, F.; Jeannin, A.; Bodenmann, P.; Bize, R.

2015-01-01

L'enquête Internet ANSWER (African Net Survey WE Respond!) auprès des migrants provenant d'Afrique subsaharienne (ASS) a été menée entre septembre 2013 et février 2014, sur mandat de l'OFSP et avec la collaboration de l'ASS. Cette enquête s'inscrit dans le cadre du mandat de surveillance épidémiologique de deuxième génération du VIH et des autres IST auquel l'IUMSP participe activement. Le but de cette enquête a été de décrire dans cette population les connaissances, attitudes et comportement...

CERN LHC dipole prototype success

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1994-01-01

In a crash programme, the first prototype superconducting dipole magnet for CERN's LHC protonproton collider was successfully powered for the first time at CERN on 14 April, eventually sailing to 9T, above the 8.65T nominal LHC field, before quenching for the third time. The next stage is to install the delicate measuring system for making comprehensive magnetic field maps in the 10 m long, 50 mm diameter twin-apertures of the magnet. These measurements will check that the required LHC field quality has been achieved at both the nominal and injection fields

$A^t_{FB}$ Meets LHC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hewett, JoAnne L.; /SLAC; Shelton, Jessie; /Yale U.; Spannowsky, Michael; /Oregon U.; Tait, Tim M.P.; /UC, Irvine; Takeuchi, Michihisa; /Heidelberg U.

2012-02-14

The recent Tevatron measurement of the forward-backward asymmetry of the top quark shows an intriguing discrepancy with Standard Model expectations, particularly at large t{bar t} invariant masses. Measurements of this quantity are subtle at the LHC, due to its pp initial state, however, one can define a forward-central-charge asymmetry which captures the physics. We study the capability of the LHC to measure this asymmetry and find that within the SM a measurement at the 5{sigma} level is possible with roughly 60 fb{sup -1} at {radical}s = 14 TeV. If nature realizes a model which enhances the asymmetry (as is necessary to explain the Tevatron measurements), a significant difference from zero can be observed much earlier, perhaps even during early LHC running at {radical}s = 7 TeV. We further explore the capabilities of the 7 TeV LHC to discover resonances or contact interactions which modify the t{bar t} invariant mass distribution using recent boosted top tagging techniques. We find that TeV-scale color octet resonances can be discovered, even with small coupling strengths and that contact interactions can be probed at scales exceeding 6 TeV. Overall, the LHC has good potential to clarify the situation with regards to the Tevatron forward-backward measurement.

Transverse emittance measurement and preservation at the LHC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kuhn, Maria

2016-06-20

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN is a high energy storage ring that provides proton and heavy ion collisions to study fundamental particle physics. The luminosity production is closely linked to emittance preservation in the accelerator. The transverse emittance is the phase space density of the beam and should be conserved when the particle beam is transformed through the accelerator. Perturbing effects, however, can lead to emittance increase and hence luminosity degradation. Measuring the emittance growth is a complex task with high intensity beams and changing energies. The machine optics and the transverse beam size have to be measured as accurately as possible. Beta function measurements with k-modulation are discussed. With this method the quadrupole focussing strength is varied and the resulting tune change is traced to determine the beta function at the quadrupole. A new k-modulation measurement tool was developed for the LHC. The fully automatic and online measurement system takes constraints of various systems such as tune measurement precision and powering limitations of the LHC superconducting circuits into account. With sinusoidal k-modulation record low beta function measurement uncertainties in the LHC have been reached. 2015 LHC beta function and β*, which is the beta function at the collision point, measurements with k-modulation will be presented. Wire scanners and synchrotron light monitors are presently used in the LHC to measure the transverse beam size. Accuracy and limitations of the LHC transverse profile monitors are discussed. During the 2012 LHC proton run it was found that wire scanner photomultiplier saturation added significant uncertainty on all measurements. A large discrepancy between emittances from wire scanners and luminosity was discovered but not solved. During Long Shutdown 1 the wire scanner system was upgraded with new photomultipliers. A thorough study of LHC wire scanner measurement precision in 2015 is presented

Proposal to negotiate a collaboration agreement for the design, testing and prototyping of superconducting elements for the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) project and for the production of spare quadrupole magnets for LHC

CERN Document Server

2016-01-01

Proposal to negotiate a collaboration agreement for the design, testing and prototyping of superconducting elements for the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) project and for the production of spare quadrupole magnets for LHC

Session du Conseil du CERN : le ministre britannique, Robert Jackson, souligne l'intérêt de on pays pour l'avenir du CERN : décisions du Conseil pour la mise en oeuvre des recommandations du Comité d'évaluation du CERN: départ anticipé pour 200 membres au moins du personnel - mise à jour de la méthode de calcule pour les contributions des Etats Membres au budget

CERN Multimedia

CERN Press Office. Geneva

1988-01-01

Session du Conseil du CERN : le ministre britannique, Robert Jackson, souligne l'intérêt de on pays pour l'avenir du CERN : décisions du Conseil pour la mise en oeuvre des recommandations du Comité d'évaluation du CERN: départ anticipé pour 200 membres au moins du personnel - mise à jour de la méthode de calcule pour les contributions des Etats Membres au budget

LHC bending magnet coil

CERN Multimedia

A short test version of coil of wire used for the LHC dipole magnets. The high magnetic fields needed for guiding particles around the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) ring are created by passing 12’500 amps of current through coils of superconducting wiring. At very low temperatures, superconductors have no electrical resistance and therefore no power loss. The LHC is the largest superconducting installation ever built. The magnetic field must also be extremely uniform. This means the current flowing in the coils has to be very precisely controlled. Indeed, nowhere before has such precision been achieved at such high currents. Magnet coils are made of copper-clad niobium–titanium cables — each wire in the cable consists of 9’000 niobium–titanium filaments ten times finer than a hair.

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2016-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 5 avril de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 3 mai, 7 juin, 6 septembre, 4 octobre, 1er et 29 novembre décembre 2016. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/. e-mail : gac-epa@gac-epa.org.

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2016-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 1er novembre de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel La permanence suivante aura lieu le mardi 29 novembre 2016. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/ Formulaire de contact : http://gac-epa.org/Organization/ContactForm/ContactForm-fr.php  

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2017-01-01

Le GAC organise des permanences avec entretiens individuels qui se tiennent le dernier mardi de chaque mois, sauf en juin, juillet et décembre. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 28 novembre de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/ Formulaire de contact : http://gac-epa.org/Organization/ContactForm/ContactForm-fr.php

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2017-01-01

Le GAC organise des permanences avec entretiens individuels qui se tiennent le dernier mardi de chaque mois, sauf en juin, juillet et décembre. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 30 mai de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/ Formulaire de contact : http://gac-epa.org/Organization/ContactForm/ContactForm-fr.php

GAC-EPA

CERN Document Server

GAC-EPA

2016-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 3 mai de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 7 juin, 6 septembre, 4 octobre, 1er et 29 novembre décembre 2016. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/. e-mail : gac-epa@gac-epa.org.

GAC-EPA

CERN Document Server

GAC-EPA

2016-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 5 avril de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 3 mai, 7 juin, 6 septembre, 4 octobre, 1er et 29 novembre 2016. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/. e-mail : gac-epa@gac-epa.org.

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2016-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 1er mars de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 5 avril, 3 mai, 7 juin, 6 septembre, 4 octobre, 1er et 29 novembre 2016. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/. e-mail : gac-epa@gac-epa.org.

LHC Report: Back in operation

CERN Multimedia

2016-01-01

With the machine back in their hands since Friday, 4 March, the LHC operators are now performing the powering tests on the magnets. This is a crucial step before receiving the first beams and restarting Run 2 for physics.   A Distribution Feed-Box (DFB) brings power to the LHC magnets and maintains the stability of the current in the superconducting circuits. The LHC was the last machine to be handed back to operators after the completion of maintenance work carried out during the Year-End Technical Stop (YETS) that had started on 14 December 2015. During the eleven weeks of scheduled maintenance activities, several operations took place in all the accelerators and beam lines. They included the maintenance in several points of the cryogenic system, the replacement of 18 magnets in the Super Proton Synchrotron; an extensive campaign to identify and remove thousands of obsolete cables; the replacement of the LHC beam absorbers for injection (TDIs) that are used to absorb the SPS b...

Keeping the LHC in power

CERN Multimedia

CERN Bulletin

2013-01-01

The critical safety equipment around the LHC, including the machine protection systems, is connected to Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS).  In case of mains failure, the UPS systems continue to power, for a limited time, these critical systems and ensure a safe shutdown of the accelerator. This week, work began to upgrade and replace over 100 UPS systems in the LHC.   The new UPS installations. For the LHC, even a perturbation on the mains is more than just an inconvenience: it often results in beam dumps and, in some cases, requires an energy extraction from superconducting circuits. When this occurs, machine protection systems, and in particular the Quench Protection System, must remain active to correctly carry out the shutdown procedure. With the UPS systems, 10 minutes of crucial power can be provided to the protection systems during this critical phase. There are currently two UPS systems in place in each one of the 32 LHC UPS zones. Originally one was used as a backup if ...

DECES - French version only

CERN Multimedia

2002-01-01

Ses amis et collaborateurs déplorent le décès de Maurice SPIGHEL. Directeur de recherche au CNRS, il a commencé sa carrière auprès du professeur Joliot-Curie au laboratoire d'Ivry. Depuis 1963, il a poursuivi ses activités d'expérimentateur au CERN, d'abord comme chercheur détaché de l'Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay, ensuite comme membre du LAPP (Annecy). Ses programmes l'ont conduit successivement du SC au PS et au SPS. Il a fait partie de l'équipe qui a mené la première expérience de collaboration CERN-URSS à l'Institut de Physique des Hautes Energies à Serpukhov en 1968. Comme initiateur du programme qui aurait du conduire à la découverte du J/y, il a vivement ressenti la déception de voir celle-ci précédée par BNL, le laboratoire américai...

LS1 general planning and strategy for the LHC, LHC injectors

CERN Document Server

Foraz, K

2012-01-01

The goal of Long Shutdown 1 (LS1) is to perform the full maintenance of equipment, and the necessary consolidation and upgrade activities in order to ensure reliable LHC operation at nominal performance from mid 2014. LS1 not only concerns LHC but also its injectors. To ensure resources will be available an analysis is in progress to detect conflict/overload and decide what is compulsary, what we can afford, and what can be postponed to LS2. The strategy, time key drivers, constraints, and draft schedule will be presented here.

First LHC beam in 2017

CERN Multimedia

ATLAS Collaboration

2017-01-01

Impressions from the ATLAS control room while waiting for the very first 2017 LHC beams, from the traditional croissants in the morning to the "beam splashes" in the evening. The shift crew, online experts, run coordinators and management are looking forward to the next steps of the LHC restart.

First LHC beam in 2017

CERN Multimedia

ATLAS Collaboration

2017-01-01

Impressions from the ATLAS control room while waiting for the very first 2017 LHC beams, from the traditional croissants in the morning to the "beam splashes" in the evening. The shift crew, online experts, run coordinators and management are looking forward the next steps of the LHC restart.

Gravitino LSP scneario at the LHC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heisig, Jan

2010-05-01

In this thesis we discuss the phenomenology of the gravitino LSP scenario at the large hadron collider (LHC) experiment. We concentrate on a long-lived stau NLSP which gives rise to a prominent signature in the LHC detector as a 'slow muon'. We discuss the production channels and compute the cross sections for direct production via the Drell-Yan process. On this basis we claim a conservative estimation of the discovery potential for this scenario at the LHC. (orig.)

LHC Dipoles Accelerate

CERN Multimedia

2001-01-01

Andrezej Siemko (left), Peter Sievers (centre), and Lucio Rossi (right), have the exciting challenge of preparing and testing 2000 magnets for the LHC. The LHC is going to require a lot of powerful magnets by the time it begins operation in 2006. More specifically, it is going to need 130 special magnets, 400 quadrupoles, and a whopping 1250 dipoles! Preparing and testing these magnets for the conditions they will encounter in the LHC is not an easy task. But evaluation of the most recently received magnet, from the German company Noell, is showing that while the monumental task of receiving and testing nearly 2000 magnets is going to be exhausting, the goals are definitely attainable. At the moment and over the next year, pre-series magnets (the magnets that CERN uses to fine tune performance) are arriving slowly (90 in total will arrive), but by 2003 the rate of series magnet arrival will accelerate to 9 per week, that's over 450 in a single year! And working with these magnets when they arrive is tough. ...

The Physics Landscape of the High Luminosity LHC

CERN Document Server

Mangano, M

2015-01-01

We review the status of HEP after the first run of the LHC and discuss the opportunities offered by the HL-LHC, in light of the needs for future progress that are emerging from the data. The HL-LHC will push to the systematic limit the precision of most measurements of the Higgs boson, and will be necessary to firmly establish some of the more rare decays foreseen by the Standard Model, such as the decays to dimuons and to a Z+ photon pair. The HL-LHC luminosity will provide additional statistics required by the quantitative study of any discovery the LHC may achieve during the first 300 inverse femtobarn, and will further extend the discovery potential of the LHC, particularly for rare, elusive or low-sensitivity processes.

The CMS Outer Tracker for HL-LHC

CERN Document Server

Dierlamm, Alexander Hermann

2018-01-01

The LHC is planning an upgrade program, which will bring the luminosity to about $5-7\\times10^{34}$~cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ in 2026, with a goal of an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb$^{-1}$ by the end of 2037. This High Luminosity LHC scenario, HL-LHC, will require a preparation program of the LHC detectors known as Phase-2 Upgrade. The current CMS Tracker is already running beyond design specifications and will not be able to cope with the HL-LHC radiation conditions. CMS will need a completely new Tracker in order to fully exploit the highly demanding operating conditions and the delivered luminosity. The new Outer Tracker system is designed to provide robust tracking as well as Level-1 trigger capabilities using closely spaced modules composed of silicon macro-pixel and/or strip sensors. Research and development activities are ongoing to explore options and develop module components and designs for the HL-LHC environment. The design choices for the CMS Outer Tracker Upgrade are discussed along with some highlig...

1754 Days to the LHC and counting!

CERN Multimedia

2001-01-01

At the 118th session of CERN Council, held on Friday 15 June under the chairmanship of Professor Maurice Bourquin of Switzerland, Director-General, Luciano Maiani, presented the commissioning schedule for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) for the first time. The LHC will collide its first beams in a pilot run starting on 1 April 2006. 'We are 1754 days from the LHC', said Professor Maiani. A full seven-month physics run will begin in August 2006, and the LHC's heavy-ion programme will start in February 2007. Left to right: Lyn Evans, Luciano Maiani, Alexander Skrinsky, and Kurt Hubner with the magnets from Novosibirsk. Professor Maiani underlined to Council that the LHC is now CERN's most important single activity, accounting for over 70% of the Laboratory's resources. Moreover, with some 70% of the total LHC cost adjudicated and 30% paid, the project is very far advanced. With the adjudication this Autumn of the contracts for the 1236 fifteen metre superconducting dipole magnets, the placing of major contrac...

Particles are back in the LHC

CERN Multimedia

CERN Bulletin

2016-01-01

The LHC has introduced beam for the first time since the year-end technical stop began in December 2015.   CERN Management and LHC operators applaud as the first beam circulates in the LHC, on Friday 25 March.   On Friday, the LHC opened its doors to allow particles to travel around the ring for the first time since the year-end technical stop (YETS) began in December 2015. At 10:30 a.m., a first bunch was circulating and by midday the beam was circulating in both directions. Progress over the weekend has been good and low intensity beam has already been taken to 6.5 TeV and through the squeeze. Last week, the LHC underwent the final phase of preparation before beam -known as the machine checkout. During this phase all the systems of the LHC are put through their paces without beam. A key part of the process is driving the magnetic circuits, radiofrequency accelerating cavities, collimators, transverse dampers etc. repeatedly through the nominal LHC cycle. A fu...

LHC Report: The machine under maintenance

CERN Multimedia

Katy Foraz for the LHC Team

2012-01-01

The LHC Christmas break started on 12 December. Since then, teams have been working hard to complete all the maintenance work planned to ensure the reliable operation of the LHC in 2012.   Installation of shielding at Point 1. The maintenance work is being carried out on key infrastructure such as the cooling, ventilation, electricity and safety systems. Maintenance work is being carried out not just in the LHC but also across the whole accelerator complex, which makes planning the work even more complicated. At the time of going to print, 50% of the cryogenics system maintenance has been finished, which, according to the schedule, will allow the LHC teams to start cooling down the first sectors next week to have the entire machine cold by the end of February. A lot of activity is going on in order to mitigate the effects of radiation on equipment installed in the LHC tunnel and underground areas during 2012 operation. To this end, teams have installed additional shielding at Point 1 (see ph...

LHC Power Converters: A Precision Game

CERN Multimedia

2001-01-01

The LHC test-bed, String 2, is close to commissioning and one important element to get a first chance to prove what it can do is the power converter system. In String 2 there are 16 converters, in the full LHC there will be almost 1800. This article takes a look at what is so special about the power converters for the LHC. The 13 000 Amps power converters with the watercooled cables going to the String 2 feedboxes. The LHC's superconducting magnets will be the pinnacle of high technology. But to work, they'll need the help of high-precision power converters to supply them with extremely stable DC current. Perfection will be the name of the game, with an accuracy of just 1-2 parts per million (ppm) required. LEP, for the sake of comparison, could live with 10-20 ppm. The LHC's power converters will be very different from those of LEP or the SPS since the new accelerator's magnets are mostly superconducting. That means that they require much higher currents at a lower voltage since superconductors have no re...

Prototype HL-LHC magnet undergoes testing

CERN Multimedia

Corinne Pralavorio

2016-01-01

A preliminary short prototype of the quadrupole magnets for the High-Luminosity LHC has passed its first tests.   The first short prototype of the quadrupole magnet for the High Luminosity LHC. (Photo: G. Ambrosio (US-LARP and Fermilab), P. Ferracin and E. Todesco (CERN TE-MSC)) Momentum is gathering behind the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) project. In laboratories on either side of the Atlantic, a host of tests are being carried out on the various magnet models. In mid-March, a short prototype of the quadrupole magnet underwent its first testing phase at the Fermilab laboratory in the United States. This magnet is a pre-prototype of the quadrupole magnets that will be installed near to the ATLAS and CMS detectors to squeeze the beams before collisions. Six quadrupole magnets will be installed on each side of each experiment, giving a total of 24 magnets, and will replace the LHC's triplet magnets. Made of superconducting niobium-tin, the magnets will be more powerful than their p...

High Luminosity LHC: challenges and plans

Science.gov (United States)

Arduini, G.; Barranco, J.; Bertarelli, A.; Biancacci, N.; Bruce, R.; Brüning, O.; Buffat, X.; Cai, Y.; Carver, L. R.; Fartoukh, S.; Giovannozzi, M.; Iadarola, G.; Li, K.; Lechner, A.; Medina Medrano, L.; Métral, E.; Nosochkov, Y.; Papaphilippou, Y.; Pellegrini, D.; Pieloni, T.; Qiang, J.; Redaelli, S.; Romano, A.; Rossi, L.; Rumolo, G.; Salvant, B.; Schenk, M.; Tambasco, C.; Tomás, R.; Valishev, S.; Van der Veken, F. F.

2016-12-01

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the largest scientific instruments ever built. Since opening up a new energy frontier for exploration in 2010, it has gathered a global user community working in fundamental particle physics and the physics of hadronic matter at extreme temperature and density. To sustain and extend its discovery potential, the LHC will undergo a major upgrade in the 2020s. This will increase its rate of collisions by a factor of five beyond the original design value and the integrated luminosity by a factor ten. The new configuration, known as High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), will rely on a number of key innovations that push accelerator technology beyond its present limits. Among these are cutting-edge 11-12 T superconducting magnets, including Nb3Sn-based magnets never used in accelerators before, compact superconducting cavities for longitudinal beam rotation, new technology and physical processes for beam collimation. The dynamics of the HL-LHC beams will be also particularly challenging and this aspect is the main focus of this paper.

High Luminosity LHC: Challenges and plans

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arduini, G.; Barranco, J.; Bertarelli, A.; Biancacci, N.; Bruce, R.

2016-01-01

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the largest scientific instruments ever built. Since opening up a new energy frontier for exploration in 2010, it has gathered a global user community working in fundamental particle physics and the physics of hadronic matter at extreme temperature and density. To sustain and extend its discovery potential, the LHC will undergo a major upgrade in the 2020s. This will increase its rate of collisions by a factor of five beyond the original design value and the integrated luminosity by a factor ten. The new configuration, known as High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), will rely on a number of key innovations that push accelerator technology beyond its present limits. Among these are cutting-edge 11–12 T superconducting magnets, including Nb 3 Sn-based magnets never used in accelerators before, compact superconducting cavities for longitudinal beam rotation, new technology and physical processes for beam collimation. As a result, the dynamics of the HL-LHC beams will be also particularly challenging and this aspect is the main focus of this paper.

Press Conference: LHC Restart, Season 2

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2015-01-01

PRESS BRIEFING ON THE LARGE HADRON COLLIDER (LHC) RE-START, SEASON 2 AT CERN, GLOBE OF SCIENCE AND INNOVATION Where :   http://cern.ch/directions   at the Globe of Science and Innovation When : Thursday, 12 March from 2.30 to 3.30pm - Open seating as from 2.15pm Speakers : CERN’s Director General, Rolf Heuer and Director of Accelerators, Frédérick Bordry, and representatives of the LHC experiments Webcast : https://webcast.web.cern.ch/webcast/ Dear Journalists, CERN is pleased to invite you to the above press briefing which will take place on Thursday 12 March, in the Globe of Science and Innovation, 1st floor, from 2.30 to 3.30pm. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is ready to start up for its second three-year run. The 27km LHC is the largest and most powerful particle accelerator in the world operating at a temperature of -217 degrees Centigrade and powered to a current of 11,000 amps. Run 2 of the LHC follows a two-year technical s...

21st October 2008 - LHC Inauguration Ceremony family photograph in SM18.

CERN Multimedia

CERN Photo Service

2008-01-01

21st October 2008 - LHC Inauguration Ceremony family photograph in SM18. Front row, from left to right : British Minister of State for Science and Innovation, Lord Drayson of Kensington; Hungarian Minister for Research, Science and Innovation K. Molnar; German Federal Minister of Education and Research A. Schavan; Slovak Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Education J. Mikolaj; Président de la Confédération suisse P. Couchepin; Directeur général du CERN R. Aymar; Premier Ministre de la République française F. Fillon; Portuguese Minister for Science, Technology and Higher Education J. M. Gago; Ministre belge des PME, des Indépendants, de l'Agriculture et de la Politique scientifique S. Laruelle; Ambassador of Italy to the Office of the United Nations and other international organisations in Geneva G. Caracciolo di Vetri. Second row, from left to right: Czech Deputy Minister of Education, Youth and Sports, responsible for Science and Universities V. Ruzicka; Extraordinatory and Plenipotentiary Ambas...

LHC INAUGURATION, LHC Fest highlights: exhibition time!

CERN Multimedia

2008-01-01

David Gross, one of the twenty-one Nobel Laureates who have participated in the project.Tuesday 21 October 2008 Accelerating Nobels Colliding Charm, Atomic Cuisine, The Good Anomaly, A Quark Somewhere on the White Paper, Wire Proliferation, A Tale of Two Liquids … these are just some of the titles given to artworks by Physics Nobel Laureates who agreed to make drawings of their prize-winning discoveries (more or less reluctantly) during a special photo session. Science photographer Volker Steger made portraits of Physics Nobel Laureates and before the photo sessions he asked them to make a drawing of their most important discovery. The result is "Accelerating Nobels", an exhibition that combines unusual portraits of and original drawings by twenty-one Nobel laureates in physics whose work is closely related to CERN and the LHC. This exhibition will be one of the highlights of the LHC celebrations on 21 October in the SM18 hall b...

From the LHC to Future Colliders

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

De Roeck, A.; Ellis, J.; /CERN; Grojean, C.; Heinemeyer, S.; /Cantabria Inst. of Phys.; Jakobs, K.; /Freiburg U.; Weiglein, G.; /Durham U., IPPP; Azuelos, G.; /TRIUMF; Dawson, S.; /Brookhaven; Gripaios, B.; /CERN; Han, T.; /Wisconsin U., Madison; Hewett, J.; /SLAC; Lancaster, M.; /University Coll. London; Mariotti, C.; /INFN, Turin; Moortgat, F.; /Zurich, ETH; Moortgat-Pick, G.; /Durham U., IPPP; Polesello, G.; /INFN, Pavia; Riemann, S.; /DESY; Assamagan, K.; /Brookhaven; Bechtle, P.; /DESY; Carena, M.; /Fermilab; Chachamis, G.; /PSI, Villigen /Taiwan, Natl. Taiwan U. /INFN, Florence /Bonn U. /CERN /Bonn U. /Freiburg U. /Oxford U. /Louvain U., CP3 /Bangalore, Indian Inst. Sci. /INFN, Milan Bicocca /Munich, Max Planck Inst. /Taiwan, Natl. Taiwan U. /Frascati /Fermilab /Warsaw U. /Florida U. /Orsay, LAL /LPSC, Grenoble /Warsaw U. /Yale U. /Stockholm U., Math. Dept. /Durham U., IPPP /DESY /Rome U. /University Coll. London /UC, San Diego /Heidelberg U. /Florida State U. /SLAC /Durham U., IPPP /Southern Denmark U., CP3-Origins /McGill U. /Durham U., IPPP; /more authors..

2010-06-11

Discoveries at the LHC will soon set the physics agenda for future colliders. This report of a CERN Theory Institute includes the summaries of Working Groups that reviewed the physics goals and prospects of LHC running with 10 to 300 fb{sup -1} of integrated luminosity, of the proposed sLHC luminosity upgrade, of the ILC, of CLIC, of the LHeC and of a muon collider. The four Working Groups considered possible scenarios for the first 10 fb{sup -1} of data at the LHC in which (i) a state with properties that are compatible with a Higgs boson is discovered, (ii) no such state is discovered either because the Higgs properties are such that it is difficult to detect or because no Higgs boson exists, (iii) a missing-energy signal beyond the Standard Model is discovered as in some supersymmetric models, and (iv) some other exotic signature of new physics is discovered. In the contexts of these scenarios, theWorking Groups reviewed the capabilities of the future colliders to study in more detail whatever new physics may be discovered by the LHC. Their reports provide the particle physics community with some tools for reviewing the scientific priorities for future colliders after the LHC produces its first harvest of new physics from multi-TeV collisions.

LHC related projects and studies - Part (II)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rossi, L.; De Maria, R.

2012-01-01

The session was devoted to address some aspects of the HL-LHC (High Luminosity LHC) project and explore ideas on new machines for the long term future. The session had two parts. The former focused on some of the key issues of the HL-LHC projects: beam current limits, evolution of the collimation system, research plans for the interaction region magnets and crab cavities. The latter explored the ideas for the long term future projects (LHeC and HE-LHC) and how the current research-development program for magnets and RF structures could fit in the envisaged scenarios

Etat des lieux et perspectives du pin sylvestre en Wallonie

OpenAIRE

Thibaut, K.; Colson, Vincent; Lecomte, H.; Claessens, Hugues

2007-01-01

Si le pin sylvestre fut l’un des pionniers de la reforestation de nos contrées, l’engouement qu’il suscita au XIXe siècle semble aujourd’hui bien retombé. À travers l’analyse de la ressource disponible et d’une rapide enquête auprès des cantonnements de la DNF, l’article propose un état des lieux de cette essence et discute de ses perspectives dans le contexte actuel.

Gravitino LSP scneario at the LHC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Heisig, Jan

2010-06-15

In this thesis we discuss the phenomenology of the gravitino LSP scenario at the large hadron collider (LHC) experiment. We concentrate on a long-lived stau NLSP which gives rise to a prominent signature in the LHC detector as a 'slow muon'. We discuss the production channels and compute the cross sections for direct production via the Drell-Yan process. On this basis we claim a conservative estimation of the discovery potential for this scenario at the LHC. (orig.)

LS1 to LHC Report: LHC key handed back to Operations

CERN Multimedia

CERN Bulletin

2015-01-01

This week, after 23 months of hard work involving about 1000 people every day, the key to the LHC was symbolically handed back to the Operations team. The first long shutdown is over and the machine is getting ready for a restart that will bring its beam to full energy in early spring.   Katy Foraz, LS1 activities coordinator, symbolically hands the LHC key to the operations team, represented, left to right, by Jorg Wenninger, Mike Lamont and Mirko Pojer. All the departments, all the machines and all the experimental areas were involved in the first long shutdown of the LHC that began in February 2013. Over the last two years, the Bulletin has closely followed  all the work and achievements that had been carefully included in the complex general schedule drawn up and managed by the team led by Katy Foraz from the Engineering Department. “The work on the schedule began two years before the start of LS1 and one of the first things we realised was that there was no commercial...

LHC Nobel Symposium Proceedings

Science.gov (United States)

Ekelöf, Tord

2013-12-01

In the summer of 2012, a great discovery emerged at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in Geneva. A plethora of new precision data had already by then been collected by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at LHC, providing further extensive support for the validity of the Standard Model of particle physics. But what now appeared was the first evidence for what was not only the last unverified prediction of the Standard Model, but also perhaps the most decisive one: the prediction made already in 1964 of a unique scalar boson required by the theory of François Englert and Peter Higgs on how fundamental particles acquire mass. At that moment in 2012, it seemed particularly appropriate to start planning a gathering of world experts in particle physics to take stock of the situation and try to answer the challenging question: what next? By May 2013, when the LHC Nobel Symposium was held at the Krusenberg Mansion outside Uppsala in Sweden, the first signs of a great discovery had already turned into fully convincing experimental evidence for the existence of a scalar boson of mass about 125 GeV, having properties compatible with the 50-year-old prediction. And in October 2013, the evidence was deemed so convincing that the Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics to Englert and Higgs for their pioneering work. At the same time the search at the LHC for other particles, beyond those predicted by the Standard Model, with heavier masses up to—and in some cases beyond—1 TeV, had provided no positive result. The triumph of the Standard Model seems resounding, in particular because the mass of the discovered scalar boson is such that, when identified with the Higgs boson, the Standard Model is able to provide predictions at energies as high as the Planck mass, although at the price of accepting that the vacuum would be metastable. However, even if there were some feelings of triumph, the ambience at the LHC Nobel Symposium was more one of

Fast crab cavity failures in HL-LHC

CERN Document Server

Yee-Rendon, B; Calaga, R; Tomas, R; Zimmermann, F; Barranco, J

2014-01-01

Crab cavities (CCs) are a key ingredient of the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) to ensure head on collisions at the main experiments (ATLAS and CMS) and fully profit from the smaller provided by the ATS optics [1]. At KEKB, CCs have exhibited abrupt changes of phase and voltage during a time period of few LHC turns and considering the large energy stored in the HL-LHC beam, CC failures represent a serious risk to the LHC machine protection. In this paper, we discuss the effect of CC voltage or phase changes on a time interval similar to, or longer than, the one needed to dump the beam. The simulations assume a realistic steady-state distribution to assess the beam losses for the HL-LHC. Additionally, some strategies are studied in order to reduce the damage caused by the CC failures.

Volunteer Clouds and Citizen Cyberscience for LHC Physics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aguado Sanchez, Carlos; Blomer, Jakob; Buncic, Predrag; Ellis, John; Harutyunyan, Artem; Marquina, Miguel; Mato, Pere; Schulz, Holger; Segal, Ben; Sharma, Archana; Skands, Peter; Chen Gang; Wu Jie; Wu Wenjing; Garcia Quintas, David; Grey, Francois; Lombrana Gonzalez, Daniel; Rantala, Jarno; Weir, David; Yadav, Rohit

2011-01-01

Computing for the LHC, and for HEP more generally, is traditionally viewed as requiring specialized infrastructure and software environments, and therefore not compatible with the recent trend in v olunteer computing , where volunteers supply free processing time on ordinary PCs and laptops via standard Internet connections. In this paper, we demonstrate that with the use of virtual machine technology, at least some standard LHC computing tasks can be tackled with volunteer computing resources. Specifically, by presenting volunteer computing resources to HEP scientists as a v olunteer cloud , essentially identical to a Grid or dedicated cluster from a job submission perspective, LHC simulations can be processed effectively. This article outlines both the technical steps required for such a solution and the implications for LHC computing as well as for LHC public outreach and for participation by scientists from developing regions in LHC research.

Resistive wall instability for the LHC: intermediate review

CERN Document Server

Brandt, D

2001-01-01

As the design of some basic components of the LHC becomes available, it is possible to refine the evaluation of the expected contribution of these elements to the total impedance budget of the machine. The LHC beam-screen being expected to be the main contributor for the resistive wall effect, it appeared justified to review the impedance budget, taking into account the latest available data. This note first recalls the original estimations presented in the LHC Conceptual Design [1], then presents an updated review of the instability rise times and finally discusses a possible reduction of this rather large contribution. ------------- !!Note!!: Please note that updated values for the LHC impedance budget are now available from the report CERN LHC Project Report 585 (Coupled Bunch Instabilities in the LHC, D. Angal-Kalinin and L. Vos, EPAC, July 2002 ).

Plans for the upgrade of the LHC injectors

CERN Document Server

Garoby, R; Goddard, B; Hanke, K; Meddahi, M; Vretenar, M

2011-01-01

The LHC injectors upgrade (LIU) project has been launched at the end of 2010 to prepare the CERN accelerator complex for reliably providing beam with the challenging characteristics required by the high luminosity LHC until at least 2030. Based on the work already started on Linac4, PS Booster, PS and SPS, the LIU project coordinates studies and implementation, and interfaces with the high luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) project which looks after the upgrade of the LHC itself, expected by the end of the present decade. The anticipated beam characteristics are described, as well as the status of the studies and the solutions envisaged for improving the injector performances.

La population du Moyen-Orient et de l'Afrique du Nord contribue ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

29 avr. 2016 ... Le degré d'apport au contenu varie grandement d'une population à l'autre. Si les habitants du Moyen-Orient et de l'Afrique du Nord (région MENA) utilisent Wikipédia, ils y contribuent cependant moins que les populations d'autres régions du monde. Le contenu au sujet de la région MENA est, le plus ...

’Les Baoulé ne sont pas des oiseaux pour manger du riz’. Food, migrations and ecology in South-West Ivory Coast

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

François Ruf

2010-12-01

Full Text Available La Côte d’Ivoire est le plus grand théâtre des migrations cacaoyères en Afrique sub-saharienne, depuis le Sahel et les régions de savane vers les forêts humides du golfe de Guinée. Dans tout le sud-ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire, se côtoient trois grands groupes de populations, les autochtones, les migrants d’originaires du centre du pays, et les migrants venus du Burkina Faso, ayant construit des modèles alimentaires spécifiques avant de se rencontrer. L’objectif est d’identifier les évolutions depuis leur rencontre dans les forêts du sud-ouest, puis d’en expliquer les déterminants. Les données collectées auprès de 110 planteurs, par questionnaires et interviews, sont limitées à la composante alimentaire des céréales, tubercules, banane plantain. Le résultat le plus important est une conversion partielle des régimes alimentaires des migrants vers le riz, longtemps l’alimentation de base des autochtones. Au cours de la même période de 30 ans, les autochtones suivent un chemin opposé, réduisant leur consommation de riz, abandonnant presque la production. Pour expliquer cette énigme sociologique, les thèses néo-malthusiennes appliquées à la Côte d’Ivoire, un temps contestées, sont remises à l’ordre du jour, teintées d’innovations boserupiennes. À la croisée des changements écologiques, économiques et sociaux, la raréfaction des terres, la disparition des forêts au cours du déroulement du cycle du cacao, l’accès différencié au travail, jouent un rôle décisif dans ces changements alimentaires, via des bouleversements dans les systèmes de production et les rapports sociaux.The Ivory Coast is the largest space for cocoa migrations in sub-Saharan Africa, extending from the Sahel and savannah regions to the rainforests of the Gulf of Guinea. In the southwest of Ivory Coast, three major population groups live side by side: natives, migrants coming from the central region of the country

Néotoponymie contestée à Potchefstroom / Tlokwe (Province du Nord-Ouest, Afrique du Sud

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Myriam Houssay-Holzschuch

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Illustration 1 - Extrait du site de la municipalité de Potchefstroom / TlokweSource : http://www.potch.co.za/newsarchive/streetnames.htmlIllustration 2- Potchefstroom (Afrique du SudAuteur : Béatrice Obry-Guyot, début décembre 2007.Illustration 3 - Extrait du plan Google Map de PotchefstroomSource : Google Map.La question toponymique en Afrique du Sud sur la longue durée porte sur deux thèmes essentiels porteurs de controverses : le plurilinguisme et le marquage symbolique et mémoriel du te...

Ksenia Pimenova, Les sources de savoirs. Le renouveau du bouddhisme et du chamanisme chez les Touvas de la Sibérie du Sud

OpenAIRE

Pimenova, Ksenia

2013-01-01

Cette thèse présente une étude comparative du « renouveau » post-soviétique du chamanisme et du bouddhisme tibétain (école Guélougpa) chez les Touvas, un des peuples autochtones de la Sibérie du Sud (Russie). Ce phénomène a lieu après des décennies de politique antireligieuse (dès la fin des années 1920 jusqu’aux années 1980) ayant abouti à la destruction de la communauté bouddhique et à la marginalisation du chamanisme. Nous analysons le chamanisme et le bouddhisme post-soviétiques comme deu...

Upgrades to the SPS-to-LHC Transfer Line Beam Stoppers for the LHC High-Luminosity Era

CERN Document Server

Kain, Verena; Fraser, Matthew; Goddard, Brennan; Meddahi, Malika; Perillo Marcone, Antonio; Steele, Genevieve; Velotti, Francesco

2016-01-01

Each of the 3 km long transfer lines between the SPS and the LHC is equipped with two beam stoppers (TEDs), one at the beginning of the line and one close to the LHC injection point, which need to absorb the full transferred beam. The beam stoppers are used for setting up the SPS extractions and transfer lines with beam without having to inject into the LHC. Energy deposition and thermo-mechanical simulations have, however, shown that the TEDs will not be robust enough to safely absorb the high intensity beams foreseen for the high-luminosity LHC era. This paper will summarize the simulation results and limitations for upgrading the beam stoppers. An outline of the hardware upgrade strategy for the TEDs together with modifications to the SPS extraction interlock system to enforce intensity limitations for beam on the beam stoppers will be given.

La « faillite » du ciblage monétaire en Tunisie ?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rima Lajnaf

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Les monétaristes ont montré que l’accélération de la masse monétaire ne ferait qu’attiser l’inflation. Leur idée a gagné en influence auprès des banques centrales, les incitant dans les années soixante-dix à s’efforcer de mieux maîtriser l’inflation en utilisant les agrégats monétaires comme les variables de leurs objectifs intermédiaires. Cependant, même si l’utilisation des cibles monétaires est répandue dans le monde entier, il n’existe pas de consensus sur la causalité entre la monnaie et les prix. Ce problème a fait l’objet d’un débat très animé entre les économistes surtout durant les trois dernières décennies caractérisées par l’innovation financière. La stratégie de ciblage de l’agrégat monétaire n’est efficace que si ce dernier, considéré comme une cible intermédiaire, possède des propriétés satisfaisantes en termes de stabilité, de contrôlabilité et du contenu en information. Dans ce papier, nous allons étudier l’efficacité de la politique d’ancrage monétaire en Tunisie en analysant les propriétés de l’agrégat M3. Les résultats montrent que le choix de cet agrégat comme un objectif intermédiaire ne semble pas être justifié.

LHC: Past, Present, and Future

CERN Document Server

Landsberg, Greg

2013-01-01

In this overview talk, I give highlights of the first three years of the LHC operations at high energy, spanning heavy-ion physics, standard model measurements, and searches for new particles, which culminated in the discovery of the Higgs boson by the ATLAS and CMS experiments in 2012. I'll discuss what we found about the properties of the new particle in 10 months since the discovery and then talk about the future LHC program and preparations to the 2015 run at the center-of-mass energy of ~13 TeV. These proceedings are meant to be a snapshot of the LHC results as of May 2013 - the time of the conference. Many of the results shown in these proceedings have been since updated (sometimes significantly) just 4 months thereafter, when these proceedings were due. Nevertheless, keeping this writeup in sync with the results shown in the actual talk has some historical value, as, for one, it tells the reader how short is the turnaround time to update the results at the LHC. To help an appreciation of this fact, I b...

LHC and the neutrino paradigm

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2011-01-01

I argue that LHC may shed light on the nature of neutrino mass through the probe of the seesaw mechanism. The smoking gun signature is lepton number violation through the production of same sign lepton pairs, a collider analogy of the neutrinoless double beta decay. I discuss this in the context of L-R symmetric theories, which predicted neutrino mass long before experiment and led to the seesaw mechanism. A WR gauge boson with a mass in a few TeV region could easily dominate neutrinoless double beta decay, and its discovery at LHC would have spectacular signatures of parity restoration and lepton number violation. I also discuss the collider signatures of the three types of seesaw mechanism, and show how in the case of Type II one can measure the PMNS mixing matrix at the LHC, complementing the low energy probes. Finally, I give an example of a simple realistic SU(5) grand unified theory that predicts the hybrid Type I + III seesaw with a weak fermion triplet at the LHC energies. The seminar will be fol...

Parton distributions with LHC data

CERN Document Server

Ball, Richard D.; Carrazza, Stefano; Deans, Christopher S.; Del Debbio, Luigi; Forte, Stefano; Guffanti, Alberto; Hartland, Nathan P.; Latorre, Jose I.; Rojo, Juan; Ubiali, Maria

2013-01-01

We present the first determination of parton distributions of the nucleon at NLO and NNLO based on a global data set which includes LHC data: NNPDF2.3. Our data set includes, besides the deep inelastic, Drell-Yan, gauge boson production and jet data already used in previous global PDF determinations, all the relevant LHC data for which experimental systematic uncertainties are currently available: ATLAS and LHCb W and Z lepton rapidity distributions from the 2010 run, CMS W electron asymmetry data from the 2011 run, and ATLAS inclusive jet cross-sections from the 2010 run. We introduce an improved implementation of the FastKernel method which allows us to fit to this extended data set, and also to adopt a more effective minimization methodology. We present the NNPDF2.3 PDF sets, and compare them to the NNPDF2.1 sets to assess the impact of the LHC data. We find that all the LHC data are broadly consistent with each other and with all the older data sets included in the fit. We present predictions for various ...

Les enjeux du modèle standard

CERN Document Server

CERN. Geneva

2008-01-01

Toute la matière visible dans l'Univers est décrite par le « Modèle Standard ». Selon cette théorie, la matière est constituée d'atomes, qui contiennent des électrons orbitant autour de noyaux, dont les composants fondamentaux sont les quarks. Quatre forces fondamentales agissent entre ces particules élémentaires : les forces électromagnétique est gravitationnelle, et les interactions nucléaires forte et faible. La description fournie par le Modèle Standard de ces particules et de leurs interactions est en parfait accord avec les expériences. Néanmoins, des questions fondamentales restent sans réponse jusqu'à maintenant : d'où vient la masse des particules ? Pourquoi y a-t-il tant de types de particules ? Existe-t-il une théorie unifiée de toutes les interactions ? Quelle est la nature de la matière cachée prédite par les astrophysiciens ? Le LHC au CERN donnera des éléments de réponse à ces questions au-delà du Modèle Standard.

LS1 general planning and strategy for the LHC, LHC injectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Foraz, K.

2012-01-01

The goal of Long Shutdown 1 (LS1) is to perform the full maintenance of equipment and the necessary consolidation and upgrade activities in order to ensure reliable LHC operation at nominal performance from mid-2014. LS1 is scheduled to last 20 months. LS1 not only concerns the LHC but also its injectors. To ensure resources will be available an analysis is in progress to detect conflict/overload and decide what is compulsory, what we can afford, and what can be postponed until LS2. The strategy, time key drivers, constraints, and draft schedule are presented here. (author)

Etude de la fragmentation des partons par la mesure de corrélations photon-hadron auprès de l'expérience ALICE au LHC

CERN Document Server

ARBOR, Nicolas

The strong interaction theory, Quantum Chromodynamic (QCD), predicts a new phase of nuclear matter at very high temperature and/or very high density. This state, which should have been the state of the Univers some microseconds after the Big Bang, is composed of deconfined quarks and gluons known as the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). The measurement of its composition and properties is a challenge for the nuclear physics of the 21st century and should lead to a better understanding of the fundamental symetries and mechanisms related to the quarks confinement inside hadrons and the strong interaction generally. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) accelerator at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) allows to reach the thermodynamic conditions required to create the quark-gluon plasma using ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions (Pb). The ALICE experiment (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) allows to access several probes to characterize the QGP through particles reconstruction and. Among these probes, hi...

Academic Training: A walk through the LHC injector chain

CERN Multimedia

Françoise Benz

2005-01-01

2004-2005 ACADEMIC TRAINING PROGRAMME LECTURE SERIES 21, 22, 23 March from 11.00 to 12.00 hrs - Main Auditorium, bldg. 500 A walk through the LHC injector chain M. BENEDIKT, P. COLLIER, K. SCHINDL /CERN-AB Proton linac, PS Booster, PS, SPS and the two transfer channels from SPS to LHC are used for LHC proton injection. The lectures will review the features of these faithful machines and underline the modifications required for the LHC era. Moreover, an overview of the LHC lead ion injector scheme from the ion source through ion linac, LEIR, PS and SPS right to the LHC entry will be given. The particular behaviour of heavy ions in the LHC will be sketched and the repercussions on the injectors will be discussed. ENSEIGNEMENT ACADEMIQUE ACADEMIC TRAINING Françoise Benz 73127 academic.training@cern.ch

Considerations on Energy Frontier Colliders after LHC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shiltsev, Vladimir [Fermilab

2016-11-15

Since 1960’s, particle colliders have been in the forefront of particle physics, 29 total have been built and operated, 7 are in operation now. At present the near term US, European and international strategies of the particle physics community are centered on full exploitation of the physics potential of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) through its high-luminosity upgrade (HL-LHC). The future of the world-wide HEP community critically depends on the feasibility of possible post-LHC colliders. The concept of the feasibility is complex and includes at least three factors: feasibility of energy, feasibility of luminosity and feasibility of cost. Here we overview all current options for post-LHC colliders from such perspective (ILC, CLIC, Muon Collider, plasma colliders, CEPC, FCC, HE-LHC) and discuss major challenges and accelerator R&D required to demonstrate feasibility of an energy frontier accelerator facility following the LHC. We conclude by taking a look into ultimate energy reach accelerators based on plasmas and crystals, and discussion on the perspectives for the far future of the accelerator-based particle physics. This paper largely follows previous study [1] and the presenta ion given at the ICHEP’2016 conference in Chicago [2].

Dashboard for the LHC experiments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Andreeva, J; Cirstoiu, C; Miguel, M D F D; Ivanchenko, A; Gaidioz, B; Herrala, J; Janulis, M; Maier, G; Maguire, E J; Rivera, R P; Rocha, R; Saiz, P; Sidorova, I; Belov, S; Berejnoj, A; Kodolova, O; Chen, Y; Chen, T; Chiu, S; Munro, C

2008-01-01

In this paper we present the Experiment Dashboard monitoring system, which is currently in use by four Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments. The goal of the Experiment Dashboard is to monitor the activities of the LHC experiments on the distributed infrastructure, providing monitoring data from the virtual organization (VO) and user perspectives. The LHC experiments are using various Grid infrastructures (LCG/EGEE, OSG, NDGF) with correspondingly various middleware flavors and job submission methods. Providing a uniform and complete view of various activities like job processing, data movement and publishing, access to distributed databases regardless of the underlying Grid flavor is the challenging task. In this paper we will describe the Experiment Dashboard concept, its framework and main monitoring applications

The LHC road at CERN

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1989-01-01

To explore the 1 TeV energy scale where fundamental particle interactions should encounter new conditions, two major routes were proposed - a high magnetic field proton collider in the LEP tunnel, dubbed LHC for Large Hadron Collider, and the CERN Linear Collider (CLIC) to supply beams of electrons and positrons. Exploratory studies have shown that while CLIC remains a valid long-term goal, LHC appears as the most cost-effective way for CERN to enter the 1 TeV arena. High-field superconducting magnet prototype work demonstrates that a 'two-in-one' design supplying the 10 tesla fields needed to handle LHC's 8 TeV proton beams (collision energy 16 TeV) is a practical proposition. (orig./HSI).

Inclusive production at LHC energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Merino, C.; Pajares, C.; Shabelski, Yu.M.

2011-01-01

We consider the first LHC data for pp collisions in the framework of Regge theory. The integral cross sections and inclusive densities of secondaries are determined by the Pomeron exchange, and we present the corresponding predictions for them. The first measurements of inclusive densities in the midrapidity region are in agreement with these predictions. The contribution of the baryon-number transfer due to String Junction diffusion in the rapidity space is at the origin of the differences in the inclusive spectra of particle and antiparticle in the central region, and this effect could be significant at LHC energies. We discuss the first data of ALICE and LHCb collaborations on the baryon/antibaryon asymmetry at LHC. (orig.)

High Intensity Beam Test of Low Z Materials for the Upgrade of SPS-to-LHC Transfer Line Collimators and LHC Injection Absorbers

CERN Document Server

Maciariello, Fausto; Butcher, Mark; Calviani, Marco; Folch, Ramon; Kain, Verena; Karagiannis, Konstantinos; Lamas Garcia, Inigo; Lechner, Anton; Nuiry, Francois-Xavier; Steele, Genevieve; Uythoven, Jan

2016-01-01

In the framework of the LHC Injector Upgrade (LIU) and High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) project, the collimators in the SPS-to LHC transfer lines will undergo important modifications. The changes to these collimators will allow them to cope with beam brightness and intensity levels much increased with respect to their original design parameters: nominal and ultimate LHC. The necessity for replacement of the current materials will need to be confirmed by a test in the High Radiation to Materials (HRM) facility at CERN. This test will involve low Z materials (such as Graphite and 3-D Carbon/Carbon composite), and will recreate the worst case scenario those materials could see when directly impacted by High luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) or Batch Compression Merging and Splitting (BCMS) beams. Thermo-structural simulations used for the material studies and research, the experiment preparation phase, the experiment itself, pre irradiation analysis (including ultrasound and metrology tests on the target materials), the resul...

Sud du Sahara | Page 131 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

En août 2013, iHub Research a publié les résultats d'une étude subventionnée par le CRDI qui a porté sur la mise au point d'un cadre d'impartition à grande échelle (collecte d'information auprès des citoyens au moyen de plateformes en ligne telles que Twitter, Facebook et les messageries texte) pour suivre une ...

Sud du Sahara | Page 284 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

En août 2013, iHub Research a publié les résultats d'une étude subventionnée par le CRDI qui a porté sur la mise au point d'un cadre d'impartition à grande échelle (collecte d'information auprès des citoyens au moyen de plateformes en ligne telles que Twitter, Facebook et les messageries texte) pour suivre une ...

Abort Gap Cleaning for LHC Run 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Uythoven, Jan [CERN; Boccardi, Andrea [CERN; Bravin, Enrico [CERN; Goddard, Brennan [CERN; Hemelsoet, Georges-Henry [CERN; Höfle, Wolfgang [CERN; Jacquet, Delphine [CERN; Kain, Verena [CERN; Mazzoni, Stefano [CERN; Meddahi, Malika [CERN; Valuch, Daniel [CERN; Gianfelice-Wendt, Eliana [Fermilab

2014-07-01

To minimize the beam losses at the moment of an LHC beam dump the 3 μs long abort gap should contain as few particles as possible. Its population can be minimised by abort gap cleaning using the LHC transverse damper system. The LHC Run 1 experience is briefly recalled; changes foreseen for the LHC Run 2 are presented. They include improvements in the observation of the abort gap population and the mechanism to decide if cleaning is required, changes to the hardware of the transverse dampers to reduce the detrimental effect on the luminosity lifetime and proposed changes to the applied cleaning algorithms.

Abort Gap Cleaning for LHC Run 2

CERN Document Server

Uythoven, J; Bravin, E; Goddard, B; Hemelsoet, GH; Höfle, W; Jacquet, D; Kain, V; Mazzoni, S; Meddahi, M; Valuch, D

2015-01-01

To minimise the beam losses at the moment of an LHC beam dump the 3 μs long abort gap should contain as few particles as possible. Its population can be minimised by abort gap cleaning using the LHC transverse damper system. The LHC Run 1 experience is briefly recalled; changes foreseen for the LHC Run 2 are presented. They include improvements in the observation of the abort gap population and the mechanism to decide if cleaning is required, changes to the hardware of the transverse dampers to reduce the detrimental effect on the luminosity lifetime and proposed changes to the applied cleaning algorithms.

CERN Multimedia

Jean-Claude Gadmer

2012-01-01

Les orateurs de gauche à droite: - M. Fabrice Lelouvier, Directeur d’Ubifrance Suisse - S. Exc. M. Nicolas Niemtchinow, Ambassadeur, Représentant permanent de la République française auprès de l’Office des Nations Unies et des autres organisations internationales à Genève - Prof. Rolf Heuer, Directeur général du CERN - M. Christophe Hercelin, RS Components Responsable Marketing Electronics Europe, Sponsor de l'évènement.

Fertility Trend and Pattern in a Rural Area of South Africa in the ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Nous sommes très peu renseignés sur les dynamiques de la transition de la fertilité en Afrique du Sud quoique les études récentes aient commencé à jeter une lumière sur les transformations démographiques dans le pays. Cette étude présente les tendances et les traits de fertilité observés auprès d\\'une population rurale ...

Forger les chefs de file pour appuyer l'émancipation des femmes en ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

21 juin 2016 ... Susana détient un doctorat en économie de l'éducation de l'Université de Columbia à New-York. Son expertise touche l'éducation et les politiques liés au marché du travail, l'égalité des genres et l'émancipation des femmes. Elle possède une grande expérience de travail et de consultation auprès de ...

Report from LHC MD 2158: IR-nonlinear studies

CERN Document Server

Maclean, Ewen Hamish; Cruz Alaniz, Emilia; Dalena, Barbara; Dilly, Joschua Werner; Fol, Elena; Giovannozzi, Massimo; Hofer, Michael; Malina, Lukas; Persson, Tobias Hakan Bjorn; Coello De Portugal - Martinez Vazquez, Jaime Maria; Skowronski, Piotr Krzysztof; Solfaroli Camillocci, Matteo; Tomas Garcia, Rogelio; Garcia-Tabares Valdivieso, Ana; Wegscheider, Andreas; CERN. Geneva. ATS Department

2018-01-01

For the first time the LHC is running for luminosity-production with local corrections for nonlinear errors in the ATLAS and CMS insertions. While a major step forward in LHC optics commissioning strategy (and one which has yielded clear operational benefits) considerable challenges remain to be overcome, both in regard to the optimization of LHC optics and in order to ensure successful commissioning of the High-Luminosity LHC. MD 2158 sought to follow up several aspects of the 2017 nonlinear optics commissioning which are not yet understood, and by enhancing sextupole and dodecapole sources in the ATLAS and CMS insertions explore the prospects for linear and nonlinear optics commissioning in the HL-LHC.

Bulletin du CRDI #124

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les femmes jouent un rôle important dans les exploitations minières artisanales et à petite échelle en Afrique subsaharienne. De concert ... Couverture du livre: Une vie saine pour les femmes et les enfants vulnérables · Couverture du livre: Entre el activismo y la intervención · Couverture du livre: Revitalizing Health for All.

Bulletin du CRDI #125

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'IOSRS remporte le prix de la diplomatie scientifique · GrowInclusive : la plateforme tant attendue est en construction · Toutes les nouvelles. Activités à venir. Semaine du développement international 2018. Le CRDI célébrera la Semaine du développement international du 4 au 10 février 2018. Suivez-nous sur Twitter et ...

The B-Physics Programme of ATLAS in LHC Run-II and in HL-LHC

CERN Document Server

Reznicek, P; The ATLAS collaboration

2014-01-01

Slides for the talk to be given at Beauty 2014 conference in Edinburgh, 14-18 July 2014. The talk describes the ATLAS B-physics programme planned to future LHC runs: Run 2, 3 and HL-LHC. The relevant ATLAS detector upgrades are dicussed and a results of pilot sensitivity study of $B_{s} \\to J/\\psi \\phi$ measurement in the future runs are shown.

Requirements for the LHC collimation system

CERN Document Server

Assmann, R W; Brugger, M; Bruno, L; Burkhardt, H; Burtin, G; Dehning, Bernd; Fischer, C; Goddard, B; Gschwendtner, E; Hayes, M; Jeanneret, J B; Jung, R; Kain, V; Kaltchev, D I; Lamont, M; Schmidt, R; Vossenberg, Eugène B; Weisse, E; Wenninger, J

2002-01-01

The LHC requires efficient collimation during all phases of the beam cycle. Collimation plays important roles in prevention of magnet quenches from regular beam diffusion, detection of abnormal beam loss and subsequent beam abort, radiation protection, and passive protection of the superconducting magnets in case of failures. The different roles of collimation and the high beam power in the LHC impose many challenges for the design of the collimation system. In particular, the collimators must be able to withstand the expected particle losses. The requirements for the LHC collimation system are presented.

The HL-LHC accelerator physics challenges

CERN Document Server

Fartoukh, S

2014-01-01

We review the conceptual baseline of the HL-LHC project, putting into perspective the main beam physics challenges of this new collider in comparison with the existing LHC, and the series of solutions and possible mitigation measures presently envisaged.

The HL-LHC Accelerator Physics Challenges

Science.gov (United States)

Fartoukh, S.; Zimmermann, F.

The conceptual baseline of the HL-LHC project is reviewed, putting into perspective the main beam physics challenges of this new collider in comparison with the existing LHC, and the series of solutions and possible mitigation measures presently envisaged.

The HL-LHC accelerator physics challenges

CERN Document Server

Fartoukh, S

2015-01-01

The conceptual baseline of the HL-LHC project is reviewed, putting into perspective the main beam physics challenges of this new collider in comparison with the existing LHC, and the series of solutions and possible mitigation measures presently envisaged.

Recherche du boson de Higgs chargé dans le canal H+ -> tb et étiquetage des jets b avec l'expérience ATLAS auprès du LHC.

CERN Document Server

Zaidan, R

The only particle of the Standard Model that has not yet been discovered is the Higgs boson, which explains the origin of the masses of elementary particles. In the Minimal Supersymmetric extention to the Standard Model (MSSM), the Higgs sector consists of five bosons, two of which are charged. The search for a charged Higgs boson in the gg ¯tbH+(H+ ! t¯b) channel, is the main topic of this analysis. We present an analysis that uses a likelihood function to resolve combinatorics while reconstructing the charged Higgs boson, and the b-tagging to suppress the t¯t+jets background. We also present the difficulties due to the combinatoric background reducing the discovery potential of this channel. The presence of 4 b quarks in the final state that we are looking at, makes the b-tagging an important tool for the analysis. Therefore, a part of this work is dedicated to the study of b-tagging. We present in the context of the preperation for the first data, several studies dedicated to the optimisation and the un...

Profils des porteurs du VIH/SIDA au début du traitement ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

But : Décrire les profils des porteurs de VIH/sida au début du traitement antirétroviral. Matériels et méthode: Les dossiers des porteurs du VIH/sida de la région maritime ont été analysés de mai 2008 à avril 2009 par le comité thérapeutique. Résultats: Parmi les 641 dossiers analysés, 67,40% venaient du district de Yoto.

Standard Model at the LHC 2017

CERN Document Server

2017-01-01

The SM@LHC 2017 conference will be held May 2-5, 2017 at Nikhef, Amsterdam. The meeting aims to bring together experimentalists and theorists to discuss the phenomenology, observational results and theoretical tools for Standard Model physics at the LHC.

The LHC detectors and the first CMS data

CERN Document Server

Green, Dan

2015-01-01

This chapter describes the subsystems of a generic LHC detector and explains how the values of the detector parameters were selected. The design of the LHC detectors follows from the requirement of confronting electroweak symmetry breaking in a decisive fashion. The LHC accelerator also meets those requirements.

LHC-ILC synergy

CERN Document Server

Godbole, Rohini M

2006-01-01

I will begin by making a few general comments on the synergy between the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) which will go in action in 2007 and the International Linear Collider (ILC) which is under planning. I will then focus on the synergy between the LHC and the PLC option at the ILC, which is expected to be realised in the later stages of the ILC program. In this I will cover the possible synergy in the Higgs sector (with and without CP violation), in the determination of the anomalous vector boson couplings and last but not the least, in the search for extra dimensions and radions.

LHC beampipe interconnection

CERN Document Server

Particle beams circulate for around 10 hours in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). During this time, the particles make four hundred million revolutions of the machine, travelling a distance equivalent to the diameter of the solar system. The beams must travel in a pipe which is emptied of air, to avoid collisions between the particles and air molecules (which are considerably bigger than protons). The beam pipes are pumped down to an air pressure similar to that on the surface of the moon. Much of the LHC runs at 1.9 degrees above absolute zero. When material is cooled, it contracts. The interconnections must absorb this contraction whilst maintaining electrical connectivity.

EU supports the LHC high-luminosity study

CERN Document Server

CERN Bulletin

2011-01-01

The design collision energy and luminosity of the LHC are already at record numbers, making the machine one of the most complex scientific instruments ever built. However, to extend its discovery potential even further, a major upgrade of the LHC will be required around 2020. This will increase its average luminosity by a factor of 5 to 10 beyond its design value. Fifteen worldwide institutions and the European Union are supporting the initial design phase of the project through the HiLumi LHC programme, whose kick-off meeting will take place on 16-18 November.   The CERN team that has successfully built and tested the Short Magnet Coil – a small 40 cm long magnet capable of producing a 12.5 T magnetic field. The upgrade of the LHC will require about 10 years of design, construction and implementation. The new machine configuration will be called “High Luminosity LHC” (HL-LHC). The similarly named “HiLumi LHC” is the EU programme that supports...

The CMS Tracker upgrade for HL-LHC

CERN Document Server

Ahuja, Sudha

2017-01-01

The LHC machine is planning an upgrade program which will smoothly bring the luminosity to about 5 $\\times$ $10^{34} $cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ in 2028, to possibly reach an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb$^{-1}$ by the end of 2037. This High Luminosity LHC scenario, HL-LHC, will require a preparation program of the LHC detectors known as Phase-2 upgrade. The current CMS Outer Tracker, already running beyond design specifications, and CMS Phase1 Pixel Detector will not be able to survive HL-LHC radiation conditions and CMS will need completely new devices, in order to fully exploit the high-demanding operating conditions and the delivered luminosity. The new Outer Tracker should have also trigger capabilities. To achieve such goals, R$\\&$D activities are ongoing to explore options both for the Outer Tracker, and for the pixel Inner Tracker. Solutions are being developed that would allow including tracking information at Level-1. The design choices for the Tracker upgrades are discussed along with some highlights...

Anatomy of the inert two-Higgs-doublet model in the light of the LHC and non-LHC dark matter searches

Science.gov (United States)

Belyaev, Alexander; Cacciapaglia, Giacomo; Ivanov, Igor P.; Rojas-Abatte, Felipe; Thomas, Marc

2018-02-01

The inert two-Higgs-doublet model (i2HDM) is a theoretically well-motivated example of a minimal consistent dark matter (DM) model which provides monojet, mono-Z , mono-Higgs, and vector-boson-fusion +ETmiss signatures at the LHC, complemented by signals in direct and indirect DM search experiments. In this paper we have performed a detailed analysis of the constraints in the full five-dimensional parameter space of the i2HDM, coming from perturbativity, unitarity, electroweak precision data, Higgs data from the LHC, DM relic density, direct/indirect DM detection, and LHC monojet analysis, as well as implications of experimental LHC studies on disappearing charged tracks relevant to a high DM mass region. We demonstrate the complementarity of the above constraints and present projections for future LHC data and direct DM detection experiments to probe further i2HDM parameter space. The model is implemented into the CalcHEP and micrOMEGAs packages, which are publicly available at the HEPMDB database, and it is ready for a further exploration in the context of the LHC, relic density, and DM direct detection.

Analysis of the Dependability of the LHC Quench Detection System During LHC Run 2 and Further System Evolution

OpenAIRE

Podzorny, Tomasz; Calcoen, Daniel; Denz, Reiner; Siemko, Andrzej; Spasic, Jelena; Steckert, Jens

2017-01-01

The quench detection system (QDS) of the LHC superconducting circuits is an essential part of the LHC machine protection and ensures the integrity of key elements of the accelerator. The large amount of hardwired and software interlock channels of the QDS requires a very high system dependability in order to reduce the risk of affecting the successful operation of the LHC. This contribution will present methods and tools for systematic fault tracking and analysis, and will discuss recent resu...

LHC First Beam 2008

CERN Multimedia

Tuura, L

2008-01-01

The CMS Centre played a major part in the LHC First Beam Event on September 10th 2008: it was a central point for CMS, hosting journalists from all over the world and providing live link-ups to collaborating institutes as well as, of course, monitoring events as they happened at Point 5. It was also a venue for celebration as the beam completed circuits of the LHC in both directions, passing successfully through the detector (Courtesy of Lassi Tuura)

Interfon

CERN Multimedia

Interfon

2012-01-01

Assemblée générale Interfon Le mardi 26 juin 2012 à 17 h 30 au siège social Technoparc - 60, rue Clément Ader - 01630 St-Genis-Pouilly Ordre du jour : Élection du président de séance. Approbation de C.R. de l'A.G. du 21.06.2011. Rapport moral de l’activité 2011. Présentation des comptes de l’année 2011. Présentation d’une motion pour l’augmentation de la cotisation. Renouvellement du tiers. Questions diverses. Nous clôturerons cette assemblée générale par une dégustation de vin rosé autour d’un buffet. Afin d’organiser au mieux cette soirée nous vous remercions de confirmer votre participation auprès de nos bureaux ou par mail. * * * * * ZA de l’Allondon – Rue des chalets &ag...

QCD and hard diffraction at the LHC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Albrow, Michael G.; Fermilab

2005-01-01

As an introduction to QCD at the LHC I given an overview of QCD at the Tevatron, emphasizing the high Q 2 frontier which will be taken over by the LHC. After describing briefly the LHC detectors I discuss high mass diffraction, in particular central exclusive production of Higgs and vector boson pairs. I introduce the FP420 project to measure the scattered protons 420 m downstream of ATLAS and CMS

6. workshop on electronics for LHC experiments. Proceedings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2000-01-01

The purpose of the workshop was to review the electronics for LHC experiments and to identify areas and encourage common efforts for the development of electronics within and between the different LHC experiments and to promote collaboration in the engineering and physics communities involved in the LHC activities. (orig.)

6. workshop on electronics for LHC experiments. Proceedings

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-10-25

The purpose of the workshop was to review the electronics for LHC experiments and to identify areas and encourage common efforts for the development of electronics within and between the different LHC experiments and to promote collaboration in the engineering and physics communities involved in the LHC activities. (orig.)

LHC detectors trigger/DAQ at LHC

CERN Document Server

Sphicas, Paris

1998-01-01

At its design luminosity, the LHC will deliver hundreds of millions of proton-proton interactions per second. Storage and computing limitations limit the number of physics events that can be recorded to about 100 per second. The selection will be carried out by the Trigger and data acquisition systems of the experiments. This lecture will review the requirements, architectures and various designs currently considered.

Beam dynamics requirements for HL–LHC electrical circuits

CERN Document Server

Gamba, Davide; Cerqueira Bastos, Miguel; Coello De Portugal - Martinez Vazquez, Jaime Maria; De Maria, Riccardo; Giovannozzi, Massimo; Martino, Michele; Tomas Garcia, Rogelio

2017-01-01

A certain number of LHC magnets and relative electrical circuits will be replaced for the HL-LHC upgrade. The performance of the new circuits will need to be compatible with the current installation, and to provide the necessary improvements to meet the tight requirements of the new operational scenario. This document summarises the present knowledge of the performance and use of the LHC circuits and, based on this and on the new optics requirements, provides the necessary specifications for the new HL-LHC electrical circuits.

Handbook of LHC Higgs Cross Sections: 3. Higgs Properties Report of the LHC Higgs Cross Section Working Group

CERN Document Server

Heinemeyer, S; Passarino, G; Tanaka, R; Andersen, J R; Artoisenet, P; Bagnaschi, E A; Banfi, A; Becher, T; Bernlochner, F U; Bolognesi, S; Bolzoni, P; Boughezal, R; Buarque, D; Campbell, J; Caola, F; Carena, M; Cascioli, F; Chanon, N; Cheng, T; Choi, S Y; David, A; de Aquino, P; Degrassi, G; Del Re, D; Denner, A; van Deurzen, H; Diglio, S; Di Micco, B; Di Nardo, R; Dittmaier, S; Dührssen, M; Ellis, R K; Ferrera, G; Fidanza, N; Flechl, M; de Florian, D; Forte, S; Frederix, R; Frixione, S; Gangal, S; Gao, Y; Garzelli, M V; Gillberg, D; Govoni, P; Grazzini, M; Greiner, N; Griffiths, J; Gritsan, A V; Grojean, C; Hall, D C; Hays, C; Harlander, R; Hernandez-Pinto, R; Höche, S; Huston, J; Jubb, T; Kadastik, M; Kallweit, S; Kardos, A; Kashif, L; Kauer, N; Kim, H; Klees, R; Krämer, M; Krauss, F; Laureys, A; Laurila, S; Lehti, S; Li, Q; Liebler, S; Liu, X; Logan, E; Luisoni, G; Malberti, M; Maltoni, F; Mawatari, K; Maierhoefer, F; Mantler, H; Martin, S; Mastrolia, P; Mattelaer, O; Mazzitelli, J; Mellado, B; Melnikov, K; Meridiani, P; Miller, D J; Mirabella, E; Moch, S O; Monni, P; Moretti, N; Mück, A; Mühlleitner, M; Musella, P; Nason, P; Neu, C; Neubert, M; Oleari, C; Olsen, J; Ossola, G; Peraro, T; Peters, K; Petriello, F; Piacquadio, G; Potter, C T; Pozzorini, S; Prokofiev, K; Puljak, I; Rauch, M; Rebuzzi, D; Reina, L; Rietkerk, R; Rizzi, A; Rotstein-Habarnau, Y; Salam, G P; Sborlini, G; Schissler, F; Schönherr, M; Schulze, M; Schumacher, M; Siegert, F; Slavich, P; Smillie, J M; Stål, O; von Soden-Fraunhofen, J F; Spira, M; Stewart, I W; Tackmann, F J; Taylor, P T E; Tommasini, D; Thompson, J; Thorne, R S; Torrielli, P; Tramontano, F; Tran, N V; Trócsányi, Z; Ubiali, M; Vazquez Acosta, M; Vickey, T; Vicini, A; Waalewijn, W J; Wackeroth, D; Wagner, C; Walsh, J R; Wang, J; Weiglein, G; Whitbeck, A; Williams, C; Yu, J; Zanderighi, G; Zanetti, M; Zaro, M; Zerwas, P M; Zhang, C; Zirke, T J E; Zuberi, S

2013-01-01

This Report summarizes the results of the activities in 2012 and the first half of 2013 of the LHC Higgs Cross Section Working Group. The main goal of the working group was to present the state of the art of Higgs Physics at the LHC, integrating all new results that have appeared in the last few years. This report follows the first working group report Handbook of LHC Higgs Cross Sections: 1. Inclusive Observables (CERN-2011-002) and the second working group report Handbook of LHC Higgs Cross Sections: 2. Differential Distributions (CERN-2012-002). After the discovery of a Higgs boson at the LHC in mid-2012 this report focuses on refined prediction of Standard Model (SM) Higgs phenomenology around the experimentally observed value of 125-126 GeV, refined predictions for heavy SM-like Higgs bosons as well as predictions in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model and first steps to go beyond these models. The other main focus is on the extraction of the characteristics and properties of the newly discovered p...

Les effets du changement climatique dans le bassin du Congo : la ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

22 avr. 2016 ... Dans le bassin du fleuve Congo, plus de 80 % des habitants vivent exclusivement de l'agriculture, de la pêche, de l'élevage et de la cueillette, qui sont des activités largement tributaires du climat.

LHC Cryogenics on the mend

CERN Multimedia

2004-01-01

On 29 September, repairs began on the LHC cryogenic distribution line, or QRL, to replace a faulty part that occurs in the hundreds of elements of the line that are already on-site. The Accelerator Technology Department is designing a work programme to finish the repairs as soon as possible and minimize delays to the rest of the LHC project.

UFOs in the LHC after LS1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baer, T.; Barnes, M.J.; Carlier, E.; Cerutti, F.; Dehning, B.; Ducimetiere, L.; Ferrari, A.; Garrel, N.; Gerardin, A.; Goddard, B.; Holzer, E.B.; Jackson, S.; Jimenez, J.M.; Kain, V.; Lechner, A.; Mertens, V.; Misiowiec, M.; Moron Ballester, R.; Nebot del Busto, E.; Norderhaug Drosdal, L.; Nordt, A.; Uythoven, J.; Velghe, B.; Vlachoudis, V.; Wenninger, J.; Zamantzas, C.; Zimmermann, F.; Fuster Martinez, N.

2012-01-01

UFOs (Unidentified Falling Objects) are potentially a major luminosity limitation for nominal LHC operation. With large-scale increases of the BLM thresholds, their impact on LHC availability was mitigated in the second half of 2011. For higher beam energy and lower magnet quench limits, the problem is expected to be considerably worse, though. Therefore, in 2011, the diagnostics for UFO events were significantly improved, dedicated experiments and measurements in the LHC and in the laboratory were made and complemented by FLUKA simulations and theoretical studies. In this paper, the state of knowledge is summarized and extrapolations for LHC operation after LS1 are presented. Mitigation strategies are proposed and related tests and measures for 2012 are specified. (authors)

UFOs in the LHC after LS1

CERN Document Server

Baer, T; Carlier, E; Cerutti, F; Dehning, B; Ducimetière, L; Ferrari, A; Garrel, N; Gérardin, A; Goddard, B; Holzer, E B; Jackson, S; Jimenez, J M; Kain, V; Lechner, A; Mertens, V; Misiowiec, M; Morón Ballester, R; Nebot del Busto, E; Norderhaug Drosdal, L; Nordt, A; Uythoven, J; Velghe, B; Vlachoudis, V; Wenninger, J; Zamantzas, C; Zimmermann, F; Fuster Martinez, N

2012-01-01

UFOs (Unidentified Falling Objects) are potentially a major luminosity limitation for nominal LHC operation. With large-scale increases of the BLM thresholds, their impact on LHC availability was mitigated in the second half of 2011. For higher beam energy and lower magnet quench limits, the problem is expected to be considerably worse, though. Therefore, in 2011, the diagnostics for UFO events were significantly improved, dedicated experiments and measurements in the LHC and in the laboratory were made and complemented by FLUKA simulations and theoretical studies. In this paper, the state of knowledge is summarized and extrapolations for LHC operation after LS1 are presented. Mitigation strategies are proposed and related tests and measures for 2012 are specified.

Incidence du cancer au Canada : tendances et projections (1983-2032

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lin Xie

2015-01-01

tendance persistante à la baisse des taux de cancer du col de l'utérus est surtout attribuable au dépistage auprès de la population générale par le test de Papanicolaou (Pap et au traitement efficace des lésions précancéreuses détectées au dépistage. La vaccination des enfants d'âge scolaire contre le virus du papillome humain (VPH devrait réduire davantage l'incidence de cancer du col de l'utérus. Répercussions pour les stratégies de lutte contre le cancer : On s'attend à ce que le vieillissement et la croissance de la population mènent à une hausse progressive et appréciable du nombre total de nouveaux cas de cancer au Canada au cours des 25 prochaines années. Par conséquent, le présent rapport préconise un renforcement des stratégies de lutte contre le cancer et l'allocation de ressources suffisantes pour répondre aux besoins futurs en matière de soins de santé et pour réduire le fardeau du cancer au Canada. Même si on prévoit une diminution des taux d'incidence pour de nombreux cancers, on estime que les taux de certains cancers, par exemple ceux de la thyroïde, du foie, de l'utérus, du pancréas, du rein et la leucémie, connaîtront une augmentation. Des recherches étiologiques supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour mieux comprendre les facteurs de risque et orienter les efforts de prévention. Cette monographie souligne l'importance de prévenir le cancer par divers moyens : réduction du tabagisme, promotion d'une alimentation saine, de l'activité physique et de la gestion du poids, meilleure participation au dépistage du cancer et augmentation de la couverture vaccinale contre le virus du papillome humain (VPH. Les incidences des changements à venir dans nos profils démographiques et les tendances relatives au cancer devraient être prises en compte par l'ensemble des activités de lutte contre le cancer, que ce soit la recherche et la surveillance, la prévention et la détection précoce, le traitement ou les soins m

LHC Report: imaginative injectors

CERN Multimedia

Pierre Freyermuth for the LHC team

2016-01-01

A new bunch injection scheme from the PS to the SPS allowed the LHC to achieve a new peak luminosity record.   Figure 1: PSB multi-turn injection principle: to vary the parameters during injection with the aim of putting the newly injected beam in a different region of the transverse phase-space plan. The LHC relies on the injector complex to deliver beam with well-defined bunch populations and the necessary transverse and longitudinal characteristics – all of which fold directly into luminosity performance. There are several processes taking place in the PS Booster (PSB) and the Proton Synchrotron (PS) acting on the beam structure in order to obtain the LHC beam characteristics. Two processes are mainly responsible for the beam brightness: the PSB multi-turn injection and the PS radio-frequency (RF) gymnastics. The total number of protons in a bunch and the transverse emittances are mostly determined by the multi-turn Booster injection, while the number of bunches and their time spacin...

LHC Report: Beam on

CERN Multimedia

Rossano Giachino for the LHC Team

2012-01-01

The powering tests described in the last edition of the Bulletin were successfully finished at the end of the first week of March opening the way for 4 TeV operations this year. The beam was back in the machine on Wednesday 14 March. The first collisions at 4 TeV are scheduled for the first week of April.   The first beam of 2012 is dumped after making a few rounds in the LHC. The magnet powering tests were followed by the machine checkout phase. Here the operations team in collaboration with the equipment groups performs a sequence of tests to ensure the readiness of the LHC for beam. The tests include driving all the LHC systems – beam dump, injection, collimation, RF, power converters, magnet circuits, vacuum, interlocks, controls, timing and synchronization – through the operational cycle. The “checkout phase” is really a massive de-bugging exercise, which is performed with the objective of ensuring the proper functioning of the whole machine and t...

UFOs in the LHC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Grob, Laura [CERN, Geneva (Switzerland); Technische Universitaet Darmstadt (Germany)

2016-07-01

In the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) localized and recurring beam losses have been observed, which usually persist for several hundred microseconds. With increasing beam energy these losses were found to pose a serious risk to the machine availability, as some of these events can cause quenches in the superconducting magnets. The current understanding is that these losses are caused by falling microparticles that interact with the proton beam. To describe these so-called UFOs (unidentified falling objects) and their dynamics, a model was developed starting from the approach that only gravitational and electrostatic forces act on a neutrally charged particle. However, the model's results cannot reproduce the actual data from the LHC's beam loss monitors (BLMs), which indicates a more complex UFO dynamic. Experimental studies and further analysis of the BLM data are planned to investigate the UFO dynamics in greater detail and to understand origins and release mechanisms for microparticles in the LHC beam pipe.

QCD@LHC International Conference

CERN Document Server

2016-01-01

The particle physics groups of UZH and ETH will host the QCD@LHC2016 conference (22.8.-26.8., UZH downtown campus), which is part of an annual conference series bringing together theorists and experimentalists working on hard scattering processes at the CERN LHC, ranging from precision studies of Standard Model processes to searches for new particles and phenomena. The format of the conference is a combination of plenary review talks and parallel sessions, with the latter providing a particularly good opportunity for junior researchers to present their results. The conference will take place shortly after the release of the new data taken by the LHC in sping 2016 at a collision energy of 13TeV, expected to more than double the currently available data set. It will be one of the first opportunities to discuss these data in a broader context, and we expect the conference to become a very lively forum at the interface of phenomenology and experiment.

Lectures on LHC physics

CERN Document Server

Plehn, Tilman

2015-01-01

With the discovery of the Higgs boson, the LHC experiments have closed the most important gap in our understanding of fundamental interactions, confirming that such interactions between elementary particles can be described by quantum field theory, more specifically by a renormalizable gauge theory. This theory is a priori valid for arbitrarily high energy scales and does not require an ultraviolet completion. Yet, when trying to apply the concrete knowledge of quantum field theory to actual LHC physics - in particular to the Higgs sector and certain regimes of QCD - one inevitably encounters an intricate maze of phenomenological know-how, common lore and other, often historically developed intuitions about what works and what doesn’t. These lectures cover three aspects to help understand LHC results in the Higgs sector and in searches for physics beyond the Standard Model: they discuss the many facets of Higgs physics, which is at the core of this significantly expanded second edition; then QCD, to the deg...

LHC Report: Summer temperatures in the LHC

CERN Multimedia

Jan Uythoven for the LHC Team

2012-01-01

The LHC experiments have finished their data-taking period before the summer conferences. The machine has already delivered substantially more collisions to the experiments this year than in the whole of 2011. The LHC has now started a six-day Machine Development period, which will be followed by the second Technical Stop of the year.   The number of collisions delivered to the experiments is expressed in integrated luminosity. In 2011, the integrated luminosity delivered to both ATLAS and CMS was around 5.6 fb-1. On Monday 18 June, experiments finished taking data before the summer conferences and the integrated luminosity for 2012 so far is about 6.6 fb-1, well above the unofficial target of 5 fb-1. The LHC’s performance over the last week of running was so efficient that the injection kicker magnets – which heat up due to the circulating beam – did not have time to cool down between the subsequent fills. As the time constants for warming up and cooli...

(Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) du Nord du Burkina Faso

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SARAH

29 déc. 2014 ... sorghos à grains sucrés ont un cycle court et arrivent donc à maturité avant les autres sorghos et le mil d'où leur exploitation comme aliment de soudure par les paysans. L'organisation de la diversité morphologique des accessions de sorghos à grains sucrés du Nord du. Burkina autour principalement des ...

Longitudinal Beam measurements at the LHC: The LHC Beam Quality Monitor

CERN Document Server

Papotti, G; Follin, F; Wehrle, U

2011-01-01

The LHC Beam Quality Monitor is a system that measures individual bunch lengths and positions, similarly to the twin system SPS Beam Quality Monitor, from which it was derived. The pattern verification that the system provides is vital during the injection process to verify the correctness of the injected pattern, while the bunch length measurement is fed back to control the longitudinal emittance blow up performed during the energy ramp and provides a general indication of the health of the RF system. The algorithms used, the hardware implementation and the system integration in the LHC control infrastructure are presented in this paper, along with possible improvements.

Intégration d'un bouchon du trajectographe au silicium de l'expérience CMS au LHC et étude du potentiel de découverte de résonances se désintégrant en paires de quarks top

CERN Document Server

Chabert, Eric

2008-01-01

La première partie de cette thèse porte sur l'intégration d'un bouchon du trajectographe au silicium de l'expérience CMS. Les procédures mises en œuvre et les tests qui ont permis d'aboutir à la qualification du système de détection sont présentés dans ce document. La deuxième partie est dédiée à la recherche de nouvelle physique dans le secteur du quark top. Une des voies les plus prometteuses consiste à rechercher une résonance dans la distribution en masse invariante des paires de quarks top. Une analyse réalisée en simulation complète dans le canal lepton+jets montre qu'à l'échelle du TeV, des processus de quelques centaines de fb à 1 pb pourraient être observés lors des premières années de prises de données.

Le symptôme dans la psychothérapie d'un enfant dysphasique: analyse de sa fonction dynamique dans une perspective psychanalytique

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julio C. Guillén

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Dans cet article, à partir d'un cas clinique, nous analysons la spécificité de la prise en charge psychothérapeutique de l'enfant dysphasique. Notre objectif principal est de montrer comment la succession de moments logiques donne une place à chaque fois nouvelle au symptôme. L'étude du déroulement de la séquence clinique, permet d'interroger la valeur du symptôme et son lien indissociable à la parole, dans la relation transférentielle, pour rendre compte du processus de subjectivation à l'œuvre chez cet enfant. En outre, ce travail amène à préciser la particularité de la démarche psychothérapeutique par rapport à celles des autres professionnels intervenant auprès des enfants dysphasiques.

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2017-01-01

Le GAC organise des permanences avec entretiens individuels qui se tiennent le dernier mardi de chaque mois, sauf en juin, juillet et décembre. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 31 octobre de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel La permanence suivante aura lieu le mardi 28 novembre 2017. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/ Formulaire de contact : http://gac-epa.org/Organization/ContactForm/ContactForm-fr.php

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2017-01-01

Le GAC organise des permanences avec entretiens individuels qui se tiennent le dernier mardi de chaque mois, sauf en juin, juillet et décembre. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 29 août de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/ Formulaire de contact : http://gac-epa.org/Organization/ContactForm/ContactForm-fr.php  

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2015-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 3 mars de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 7 avril, 5 mai, 2 juin, 1er septembre, 6 octobre, 3 novembre et 1er décembre 2013. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/. e-mail : gac-epa@gac-epa.org.

GAC-EPA

CERN Multimedia

GAC-EPA

2016-01-01

Le GAC organise chaque mois des permanences avec entretiens individuels. La prochaine permanence se tiendra le : Mardi 2 février de 13 h 30 à 16 h 00 Salle de réunion de l’Association du personnel Les permanences suivantes auront lieu les mardis 1er mars, 5 avril, 3 mai, 7 juin, 6 septembre, 4 octobre, 1er et 29 novembre 2016. Les permanences du Groupement des Anciens sont ouvertes aux bénéficiaires de la Caisse de pensions (y compris les conjoints survivants) et à tous ceux qui approchent de la retraite. Nous invitons vivement ces derniers à s’associer à notre groupement en se procurant, auprès de l’Association du personnel, les documents nécessaires. Informations : http://gac-epa.org/. e-mail : gac-epa@gac-epa.org.

Interfon

CERN Multimedia

Interfon

2012-01-01

www.interfon.fr Interfon offre à ses sociétaires des partenaires financiers et conseillers en gestion de patrimoine afin de leur permettre de gérer au mieux leurs projets financiers. Vous cherchez une banque ? vous propose : – L’ouverture d’un compte courant (en euros ou en CHF) – Assurances RC (vol, incendie, dégâts des eaux), automobiles (toutes catégories). – Placements financiers, gestion de patrimoine… - – Prêts à la consommation, à la construction… Vous allez partir à la retraite ? Cette société est partenaire d’Interfon et conseiller auprès du Département HR du CERN pour des conférences en vue des départs à la retraite du personnel. Elle vous propose de vous rencontrer personnellement pour répondre en toute co...

Etude de la transition ferroelectrique-ferroelastique du KD2PO4 forme du front de phase en fonction du gradient thermique

OpenAIRE

Kvítek, Zdeněk

2010-01-01

Etude de la transition ferroelectrique-ferroelastique du KD2PO4 forme du front de phase en fonction du gradient thermique The thesis explores complex process of first order transition of KD2PO4 crystal from tetragonal phase to ferroelectric - ferroelastic orthorhombic phase and back at temperature 209 K. The experimental set up of nitrogeneous cryostat allowes temperature and temperature gradient variations during simultaneous three axes optical sample observations, dielectric measurements. T...

Successful test of SPS-to-LHC beamline

CERN Multimedia

Maximilien Brice

2004-01-01

On 23 October there was great excitement in the Prevessin control room when, on the first attempt, a beam passed over 2.5 km down the new SPS-to-LHC transfer line, TI8, to within a few metres of the LHC tunnel. Members of the AB, AT and TS departments involved in the beamline and its test, celebrate their success with the Director General, Robert Aymar, and the LHC Project Leader, Lyn Evans.

Successful test of SPS-to-LHC beamline

CERN Multimedia

2004-01-01

On 23 October there was great excitement in the Prevessin control room when, on the first attempt, a beam passed over 2.5 km down the new SPS-to-LHC transfer line, TI8, to within a few metres of the LHC tunnel. Above: members of the AB, AT and TS departments involved in the beamline and its test, celebrate their success with the Director General, Robert Aymar, and the LHC Project Leader, Lyn Evans.

Highlights from LHC experiments and future perspectives

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Campana, P.

2016-01-01

The experiments at LHC are collecting a large amount of data in a kinematic of the (x, Q 2 ) variables never accessed before. Boosted by LHC analyses, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is experiencing an impressive progress in the last few years, and even brighter perspectives can be foreseen for the future data taking. A subset of the most recent results from the LHC experiments in the area of QCD (both perturbative and soft) are reviewed

Les Cahiers du CREAD

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Admin

politique de bas prix exercée par la Russie et le Qatar vient confirmer ce constat ; s'ajoute à cela l'entrée éventuelle du gaz non conven- tionnel, dont son prix actuel de 3/4 $US, offre aux USA l'opportunité d'être exportateur de ..... les compagnies à produire en matière du gaz naturel, tels le prix du gaz naturel, le prix des ...

Pastourelle et folklore

OpenAIRE

Dumas, René

2014-01-01

Dans l'état où il nous est parvenu, le Tristan de Béroul ne nous offre que peu d'évocations de la ville et de la demeure où évoluent les différents personnages. Pourtant, bon nombre des moments-clés du roman se situent précisément en milieu urbain : la scène de la marche au suplice d'Iseut, par exemple, ou celle de la fête qui célèbre son retour auprès du roi Marc. Aussi tenterons-nous de préciser dans quel cadre de vie se situent les aventures de Tristan et Iseut et de rechercher l'ordre urb...

LHC Report: focus on luminosity

CERN Document Server

Reyes Alemany Fernandez for the LHC team

2016-01-01

The intensity ramp-up of the LHC beams resumed last Friday after the main powering system of the PS accelerator was put back in service.    The image above shows the last twenty four hours of fill #4947 in the machine. The LHC operations team kept the beams of this fill in the machine for a record 35 and a half hours.  Beams are back in the LHC. On Friday, the accelerator resumed the intensity ramp-up, reaching 1752 bunches per beam last week-end. The intensity ramp-up was interrupted on 20 May because of a problem with the PS’s main power supply (see box). A steady increase in the total number of bunches per beam is required to check out all aspects of beam operation and make sure the LHC is fully safe before the nominal number of bunches per beam can be brought into collision. At present, four intensity steps have been completed: 313, 601, 889, and 1177 bunches per beam. The qualification of the next step with 1752 bunches is in progress. At every s...

Cryogenics will cool LHC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

2001-01-01

Results of the investigation into the cryogenic regulating line (QRL) performed by the LHC laboratory are presented. It is projected that eight cryogenic units located in five places around the LHC ring will provide superconducting magnets by liquid helium through eight cryogenic regulating lines of 3.2 km each. All QRL zones remain to be independent. CERN uses three test units with the aim of the certification of chosen constructions and verification of their thermal and mechanical efficiency before starting full-scale production [ru

Son Excellence Madame Elisabeth Laurin Ambassadeur Représentant permanent de la France auprès de l’Office des Nations Unies et des autres organisations internationales en Suisse République française Son Excellence Monsieur Roberto Balzaretti Ambassadeur Directeur

CERN Multimedia

AUTHOR|(CDS)2099575

2016-01-01

Son Excellence Madame Elisabeth Laurin Ambassadeur Représentant permanent de la France auprès de l’Office des Nations Unies et des autres organisations internationales en Suisse République française Son Excellence Monsieur Roberto Balzaretti Ambassadeur Directeur,

Pratique du séchage artisanal de fruits et légumes dans le sud du Cameroun

OpenAIRE

Edoun, Marcel; Kuitche, Alexis; Marouzé, Claude; Giroux, François; Rabier, Jacques; Côte, Marc; Kapseu, César

2011-01-01

Depuis quelques années, le séchage des fruits et légumes à petite échelle connait un regain d'intérêt au Cameroun, que ce soit pour la vente locale ou pour celle d'exportation. Or, les transformateurs qui pratiquent cette activité ne sont pas satisfaits des séchoirs qu'ils utilisent. Matériel et méthodes. Dans ce contexte, nous avons réalisé une enquête de type semi ouvert auprès d'une cinquantaine d'unités de séchage installées dans les zones de Douala et de Yaoundé (Cameroun) afin de mieux ...

Scenarii pour (quasi-) fin du monde traiter les dangers au CERN

CERN Document Server

Houdart, Sophie

2015-01-01

Au large de Genève court le plus grand dispositif expérimental jamais construit, le LHC, conçu pour comprendre comment s’est aggloméré l’univers. Les physiciens des particules, à l’échelle internationale, y expérimentent les théories physiques les plus avancées sur l’origine et le devenir du monde. Lové 100 mètres sous terre, et donc invisible dans le paysage, cette machine extraordinaire est, en surface, le point de mire de multiples attentions et l’objet de mesures incessantes. Ce dont elle traite (le Big Bang, les trous noirs, l’antimatière…), son envergure, son empreinte territoriale sont propres à nourrir des scénarios catastrophe que le CERN doit scrupuleusement désamorcer à mesure qu’ils surgissent en usant de procédés hétérogènes : mesures techniques, normes juridiques, monitoring de l’environnement.

Beam Loss and Beam Shape at the LHC Collimators

CERN Document Server

Burkart, Florian

In this master thesis the beam loss and the beam shape at the LHC collimators was measured, analysed, presented and discussed. Beginning with a short introduction of the LHC, the experiments, the supercon- ducting magnet system, the basics on linear beam dynamics and a describtion of the LHC collimation system are given. This is followed by the presentation of the performance of the LHC collimation sys- tem during 2011. A method to convert the Beam Loss Monitor signal in Gy/s to a proton beam loss rate will be introduced. Also the beam lifetime during the proton physics runs in 2011 will be presented and discussed. Finally, the shape of the LHC beams is analysed by using data obtained by scraping the beam at the LHC primary collimators.

LHC magnet string in 1994

CERN Multimedia

1994-01-01

On 6-7 December 1994, a string of powerful superconducting magnets for CERN's next particle accelerator, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), ran successfully at 8.36 tesla for 24 hours. This magnetic field is 100 000 times that of the Earth and is required to keep beams of protons travelling on the correct circular path over 27 km at 7 TeV in the new LHC accelerator.

Supersymmetry Breaking, Gauge Mediation, and the LHC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shih, David

2015-01-01

Gauge mediated SUSY breaking (GMSB) is a promising class of supersymmetric models that automatically satisfies the precision constraints. Prior work of Meade, Seiberg and Shih in 2008 established the full, model-independent parameter space of GMSB, which they called 'General Gauge Mediation' (GGM). During the first half of 2010-2015, Shih and his collaborators thoroughly explored the parameter space of GGM and established many well-motivated benchmark models for use by the experimentalists at the LHC. Through their work, the current constraints on GGM from LEP, the Tevatron and the LHC were fully elucidated, together with the possible collider signatures of GMSB at the LHC. This ensured that the full discovery potential for GGM could be completely realized at the LHC.

High-Luminosity LHC moves to the next phase

CERN Multimedia

2015-01-01

This week saw several meetings vital for the medium-term future of CERN.    From Monday to Wednesday, the Resource Review Board, RRB, that oversees resource allocation in the LHC experiments, had a series of meetings. Thursday then saw the close-out meeting for the Hi-Lumi LHC design study, which was partially funded by the European Commission. These meetings focused on the High Luminosity upgrade for the LHC, which responds to the top priority of the European Strategy for Particle Physics adopted by the CERN Council in 2013. This upgrade will transform the LHC into a facility for precision studies, the logical next step for the high-energy frontier of particle physics. It is a challenging upgrade, both for the LHC and the detectors. The LHC is already the highest luminosity hadron collider ever constructed, generating up to a billion collisions per second at the heart of the detectors. The High Luminosity upgrade will see that number rise by a factor of five from 2025. For the detectors...

Run II of the LHC: The Accelerator Science

Science.gov (United States)

Redaelli, Stefano

2015-04-01

In 2015 the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) starts its Run II operation. After the successful Run I at 3.5 TeV and 4 TeV in the 2010-2013 period, a first long shutdown (LS1) was mainly dedicated to the consolidation of the LHC magnet interconnections, to allow the LHC to operate at its design beam energy of 7 TeV. Other key accelerator systems have also been improved to optimize the performance reach at higher beam energies. After a review of the LS1 activities, the status of the LHC start-up progress is reported, addressing in particular the status of the LHC hardware commissioning and of the training campaign of superconducting magnets that will determine the operation beam energy in 2015. Then, the plans for the Run II operation are reviewed in detail, covering choice of initial machine parameters and strategy to improve the Run II performance. Future prospects of the LHC and its upgrade plans are also presented.

LHC Interaction Region Upgrade Phase I

CERN Document Server

Ostojic, R

2009-01-01

The LHC is starting operation with beam in 2008. The primary goal of CERN and the LHC community is to ensure that the collider is operated efficiently, maximizing its physics reach, and to achieve the nominal performance in the shortest term. Since several years the community has been discussing the directions for upgrading the experiments, in particular ATLAS and CMS, the LHC machine and the CERN proton injector complex. A well substantiated and coherent scenario for the first phase of the upgrade, which is foreseen in 2013, is now approved by CERN Council. In this paper, we present the goals and the proposed conceptual solution for the Phase-I upgrade of the LHC interaction regions. This phase relies on the mature Nb-Ti superconducting magnet technology, with the target of increasing the luminosity by a factor of 2-3 with respect to the nominal luminosity of 1034 cm-2s-1, while maximising the use of the existing infrastructure.

High Luminosity LHC Studies with ATLAS

CERN Document Server

Duncan, Anna Kathryn; The ATLAS collaboration

2017-01-01

The High-Luminosity LHC aims to provide a total integrated luminosity of 3000fb$^{-1}$ from proton-proton collisions at $\\sqrt{s}$ = 14 TeV over the course of $\\sim$ 10 years, reaching instantaneous luminosities of up to L = 7.5 $\\times$ 1034cm$^{-2}s$^{-1}$, corresponding to an average of 200 inelastic p-p collisions per bunch crossing ($\\mu$ = 200). Fast simulation studies have been carried out to evaluate the prospects of various benchmark physics analyses to be performed using the upgraded ATLAS detector with the full HL-LHC dataset. The performance of the upgrade has been estimated in full simulation studies, assuming expected HL-LHC conditions. This talk will focus on the results of physics prospects studies for benchmark analyses involving in particular boosted hadronic objects (e.g. ttbar resonances, HH resonances), and on results of Jet/EtMiss studies of jet performance and pileup mitigation techniques that will be critical in HL-LHC analyses.

LHC and CLIC LLRF final reports

CERN Document Server

Dexter, A; Woolley, B; Ambattu, P; Tahir, I; Syratchev, Igor; Wuensch, Walter

2013-01-01

Crab cavities rotate bunches from opposing beams to achieve effective head-on collision in CLIC or collisions at an adjustable angle in LHC. Without crab cavities 90% of achievable luminosity at CLIC would be lost. In the LHC, the crab cavities allow the same or larger integrated luminosity while reducing significantly the requested dynamic range of physics detectors. The focus for CLIC is accurate phase synchronisation of the cavities, adequate damping of wakefields and modest amplitude stability. For the LHC, the main LLRF issues are related to imperfections: beam offsets in cavities, RF noise, measurement noise in feedback loops, failure modes and mitigations. This report develops issues associated with synchronising the CLIC cavities. It defines an RF system and experiments to validate the approach. It reports on the development of hardware for measuring the phase performance of the RF distributions system and cavities. For the LHC, the hardware being very close to the existing LLRF, the report focuses on...

First beam splashes at the LHC

CERN Multimedia

CERN Bulletin

2015-01-01

After a two-year shutdown, the first beams of Run 2 circulated in the LHC last Sunday. On Tuesday, the LHC operators performed dedicated runs to allow some of the experiments to record their first signals coming from particles splashed out when the circulating beams hit the collimators. Powerful reconstruction software then transforms the electronic signals into colourful images.     “Splash” events are used by the experiments to test their numerous subdetectors and to synchronise them with the LHC clock. These events are recorded when the path of particles travelling in the LHC vacuum pipe is intentionally obstructed using collimators – one-metre-long graphite or tungsten jaws that are also used to catch particles that wander too far from the beam centre and to protect the accelerator against unavoidable regular and irregular beam losses. The particles sprayed out of the collision between the beam and the collimators are mostly muons. ATLAS and CMS&...

L'action du CRDI — le développement du secteur privé

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Cathy Egan

Le CRDI est du nombre. Il reconnaît depuis longtemps la valeur de l'industrie, des échanges et du commerce comme moteurs de la croissance économique. Grâce au soutien concret qu'il a accordé au développement du secteur privé, le CRDI a appris que deux types d'aide peuvent porter fruit : améliorer le con- texte dans ...

A Global Computing Grid for LHC; Una red global de computacion para LHC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hernandez Calama, J. M.; Colino Arriero, N.

2013-06-01

An innovative computing infrastructure has played an instrumental role in the recent discovery of the Higgs boson in the LHC and has enabled scientists all over the world to store, process and analyze enormous amounts of data in record time. The Grid computing technology has made it possible to integrate computing center resources spread around the planet, including the CIEMAT, into a distributed system where these resources can be shared and accessed via Internet on a transparent, uniform basis. A global supercomputer for the LHC experiments. (Author)

Concept of a Machine Protection System for the High-Energy LHC

CERN Document Server

Raginel, Vivien; Wollmann, Daniel

2018-01-01

The High-Energy LHC (HE-LHC) is setting new precedents in stored energy in both, the superconducting magnet system (∼ 20 GJ) and the beams (1.34 GJ) as compared to LHC and the LHC upgrade to increase the luminosity (HL-LHC). Therefore, the requirements and performance of the existing machine protection systems have to be reviewed and adapted to the new HE-LHC beam parameters, failure cases and machine availability requirements.

Snapshots to shed light on LHC performance

CERN Multimedia

2006-01-01

With the impressive size and unprecedented power of the LHC, it is all too easy to overlook the smaller devices that have the difficult task of monitoring the new accelerator. You don't have to stand too far back from the big picture to see examples of clever technology inside the LHC. One of the undulators installed in the LHC tunnel can be seen on the right of the photo. From right to left, back row: Lucio Rossi (group leader, MCS), Davide Tommasini (conceptual design, MCS), Thierry Tenaglia (integration design,TS-MME), Remo Maccaferri (project leader, MCS) and Hans Kummer (MCS/ME); front row: Gilles Trachez (MCS-ME) and Bruno Meunier (FSU-AT12). In contrast to the usual articles about the LHC's big number statistics, examples of clever problem-solving found in beam monitoring machinery show that smaller things can be beautiful too. The design of the LHC accelerator brought new challenges for monitoring the shape of the particle beam, known as the beam profile. The size of the beam shrinks as higher energi...

Social Cost Benefit Analysis of HL-LHC

CERN Document Server

Bastianin, Andrea

2018-01-01

We present a Social Cost–Benefit Analysis (CBA) of the High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), assessing its economic costs and benefits up to 2038. The Net Present Value (NPV) of the HL-LHC project is positive at the end of the observation period. The ratio between incremental benefits and incremental costs of the HL-LHC with respect to continue operating the LHC under normal consolidation (i.e. without high-luminosity upgrade) is slightly over 1.7, meaning that each Swiss Franc invested in the HL-LHC upgrade project pays back approximately 1.7 CHF in societal benefits. Simulations based on 50000 Monte Carlo rounds show that there is a 94% chance to observe a positive NPV (i.e. a quantifiable economic benefit for the society). The attractiveness of CERN for Early Stage Researchers (ESR) is key for a positive CBA result. Given that benefits to ESRs are the single most important societal benefit, CERN should invest more in activities facilitating the transition to the international job...

The first LHC sector is fully interconnected

CERN Multimedia

2006-01-01

Sector 7-8 is the first sector of the LHC to become fully operational. All the magnets, cryogenic line, vacuum chambers and services are interconnected. The cool down of this sector can soon commence. LHC project leader Lyn Evans, the teams from CERN's AT/MCS, AT/VAC and AT/MEL groups, and the members of the IEG consortium celebrate the completion of the first LHC sector. The 10th of November was a red letter day for the LHC accelerator teams, marking the completion of the first sector of the machine. The magnets of sector 7-8, together with the cryogenic line, the vacuum chambers and the distribution feedboxes (DFBs) are now all completely interconnected. Sector 7-8 has thus been closed and is the first LHC sector to become operational. The interconnection work required several thousand electrical, cryogenic and insulating connections to be made on the 210 interfaces between the magnets in the arc, the 30 interfaces between the special magnets and the interfaces with the cryogenic line. 'This represent...

Academic Training - LHC luminosity upgrade: detector challenges

CERN Multimedia

Françoise Benz

2006-01-01

ACADEMIC TRAINING LECTURE SERIES 13, 14, 15, March, from 11:00 to 12:00 - 16 March from 10:00 to 12:00 Main Auditorium, bldg. 500 on 14, 15 March, Council Room on 13, 16 March LHC luminosity upgrade: detector challenges A. De Roeck / CERN-PH, D. Bortoletto / Purdue Univ. USA, R. Wigmans / Texas, Tech Univ. USA, W. Riegler / CERN-PH, W. Smith / Wisconsin Univ. USA The upgrade of the LHC machine towards higher luminosity (1035 cm-2s-1) has been studied over the last few years. These studies have investigated scenarios to achieve the increase in peak luminosity by an order of magnitude, as well as the physics potential of such an upgrade and the impact of a machine upgrade on the LHC DETECTORS. This series of lectures will cover the following topics: Physics motivation and machine scenarios for an order of magnitude increase in the LHC peak luminosity (lecture 1) Detector challenges including overview of ideas for R&D programs by the LHC experiments: tracking and calorimetry, other new detector ...

Academic Training: The LHC machine /experiment interface

CERN Multimedia

Françoise Benz

2005-01-01

2004-2005 ACADEMIC TRAINING PROGRAMME LECTURE SERIES 18, 19, 20, 21 & 22 April from 11.00 to 12.00 hrs - Main Auditorium, bldg. 500 The LHC machine /experiment interface S. TAPPROGGE, Univ. of Mainz, D, R. ASSMANN, CERN-AB E. TSESMELIS and D. MACINA, CERN-TS This series of lectures will cover some of the major issues at the boundary between the LHC machine and the experiments: 1) The physics motivation and expectations of the experiments regarding the machine operation. This will include an overview of the LHC physics programme (in pp and PbPb collisions), of the experimental signatures (from high pT objects to leading nucleons) and of the expected trigger rates as well as the data sets needed for specific measurements. Furthermore, issues related to various modes of operation of the machine (e.g. bunch spacings of 25 ns. vs. 75 ns.) and special requirements of the detectors for their commissioning will be described. 2) The LHC machine aspects: introduction of the main LHC parameters and discu...

ATLAS Plans for the High-Luminosity LHC

CERN Document Server

Walkowiak, Wolfgang; The ATLAS collaboration

2018-01-01

Despite the excellent performance of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN an upgrade to a High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) with a peak instantaneous luminosity of up to $7.5\\times 10^{34}$ fb$^{-1}$ will be required after collecting a total dataset of approximately 300 fb$^{-1}$ by the end of Run 3 (in 2023). The upgrade will substantially increase the statistics available to the experiments for addressing the remaining open puzzles of particle physics. The HL-LHC is expected to start operating in 2026 and to deliver up to 4000 fb$^{-1}$ within twelve years. The corresponding upgrades of the ATLAS detector and the ATLAS beauty physics program at the HL-LHC are being discussed. As examples, preliminary results on the expected sensitivities for the search for CP-violation in the decay channel $B^0_s \\to J/\\psi \\,\\phi$ using the parameters $\\Delta\\Gamma_s$ and $\\phi_s$ as well as projections for the branching fractions of the rare decays $B^0_s \\to \\mu^+\\mu^-$ and $B^0\\to\\mu^+\\mu^-$ are provided.

Academic Training: The LHC machine /experiment interface

CERN Multimedia

Françoise Benz

2005-01-01

2004-2005 ACADEMIC TRAINING PROGRAMME LECTURE SERIES 18, 19, 20, 21 & 22 April from 11.00 to 12.00 hrs - Main Auditorium, bldg. 500 The LHC machine /experiment interface S. TAPPROGGE, Univ. of Mainz, D, R. ASSMANN, CERN-AB E. TSESMELIS and D. MACINA, CERN-TS This series of lectures will cover some of the major issues at the boundary between the LHC machine and the experiments: 1) The physics motivation and expectations of the experiments regarding the machine operation. This will include an overview of the LHC physics programme (in pp and PbPb collisions), of the experimental signatures (from high pT objects to leading nucleons) and of the expected trigger rates as well as the data sets needed for specific measurements. Furthermore, issues related to various modes of operation of the machine (e.g. bunch spacings of 25 ns. vs. 75 ns.) and special requirements of the detectors for their commissioning will be described. 2) The LHC machine aspects: introduction of the main LHC parameters and disc...

Parton Distribution Benchmarking with LHC Data

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ball, Richard D.; Carrazza, Stefano; Debbio, Luigi Del; Forte, Stefano; Gao, Jun; Hartland, Nathan; Huston, Joey; Nadolsky, Pavel; Rojo, Juan; Stump, Daniel; Thorne, Robert S.; Yuan, C. -P.

2012-01-01

We present a detailed comparison of the most recent sets of NNLO PDFs from the ABM, CT, HERAPDF, MSTW and NNPDF collaborations. We compare parton distributions at low and high scales and parton luminosities relevant for LHC phenomenology. We study the PDF dependence of LHC benchmark inclusive cross

Academic Training: A walk through the LHC injector chain

CERN Document Server

Françoise Benz

2005-01-01

2004-2005 ACADEMIC TRAINING PROGRAMME LECTURE SERIES 14, 15, 16 February from 11.00 to 12.00 hrs - Main Auditorium, bldg. 500 A walk through the LHC injector chain M. BENEDIKT, P. COLLIER, K. SCHINDL /CERN-AB Proton linac, PS Booster, PS, SPS and the two transfer channels from SPS to LHC are used for LHC proton injection. The lectures will review the features of these faithful machines and underline the modifications required for the LHC era. Moreover, an overview of the LHC lead ion injector scheme from the ion source through ion linac, LEIR, PS and SPS right to the LHC entry will be given. The particular behaviour of heavy ions in the LHC will be sketched and the repercussions on the injectors will be discussed. ENSEIGNEMENT ACADEMIQUE ACADEMIC TRAINING Françoise Benz 73127 academic.training@cern.ch If you wish to participate in one of the following courses, please discuss with your supervisor and apply electronically directly from the course description pages that can be found on...

Performance of the CMS precision electromagnetic calorimeter at LHC Run II and prospects for High-Luminosity LHC

CERN Document Server

Zhang, Zhicai

2017-01-01

Many physics analyses using the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the LHC require accurate, high-resolution electron and photon energy measurements. Following the excellent performance achieved during LHC Run I at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) is operating at the LHC with proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV center-of-mass energy. The instantaneous luminosity delivered by the LHC during Run II has achieved unprecedented levels. The average number of concurrent proton-proton collisions per bunch-crossing (pileup) has reached up to 40 interactions in 2016 and may increase further in 2017. These high pileup levels necessitate a retuning of the ECAL readout and trigger thresholds and reconstruction algorithms. In addition, the energy response of the detector must be precisely calibrated and monitored. We present new reconstruction algorithms and calibration strategies that were implemented to maintain the excellent performance of the CMS ECAL throughout Run...

LHC goes global

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

1995-09-15

As CERN's major project for the future, the LHC sets a new scale in world-wide scientific collaboration. As well as researchers and engineers from CERN's 19 European Member States, preparations for the LHC now include scientists from several continents. Some 50 per cent of the researchers involved in one way or another with preparations for the LHC experimental programme now come from countries which are not CERN Member States. Underlining this enlarged international involvement is the recent decision by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science and Culture ('Monbusho') to accord CERN a generous contribution of five billion yen (about 65 million Swiss francs) to help finance the construction of the LHC. This money will be held in a special fund earmarked for construction of specific LHC components and related activities. To take account of the new situation, CERN is proposing to set up a totally new 'Associate State' status. This is foreseen as a flexible bilateral framework which will be set up on a case-by-case basis to adapt to different circumstances. This proposal was introduced to CERN Council in June, and will be further discussed later this year. These developments reflect CERN's new role as a focus of world science, constituting a first step towards a wider level of international collaboration. At the June Council session, as a first step, Japan was unanimously elected as a CERN Observer State, giving them the right to attend Council meetings. Introducing the topic at the Council session, Director General Chris Llewellyn Smith sketched the history of Japanese involvement in CERN research. This began in 1957 and has gone on to include an important experiment at the LEAR low energy antiproton ring using laser spectroscopy of antiprotonic helium atoms, the new Chorus neutrino experiment using an emulsion target, and a major contribution to the Opal experiment at the LEP electronpositron collider. In welcoming the development, many Council delegates looked

Identification des matériaux et étude du bâti : l’exemple du Clos du Cotentin

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julien Deshayes

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Partant de l’architecture vernaculaire de la Presqu’île du Cotentin, cette étude s’attache à montrer comment l'identification des matériaux de construction, replacée dans une problématique historique, peut fournir un outil d'analyse privilégié du bâti, notamment en matière de chronologie. L'identification des principaux centres carriers et de leur aire d'exportation permet de mieux appréhender l'évolution des modénatures et de raisonner sur des typologies cohérentes. L'acquisition de tels critères d'analyse, peu généralisables hors de régions très délimitées, est nécessairement liée à une expérience prolongée du terrain. L’exemple du Clos du Cotentin offre, en matière d'identification des matériaux et d'étude du bâti, un manifeste en faveur d'une approche topographique approfondie, susceptible de replacer l'architecture rurale dans le cadre d'une évolution historique.Based on the vernacular architecture of the Cotentin peninsula, this article sets out to show how the identification of construction materials, placed in a historical context, can offer a particularly useful tool for analysing buildings, notably for their chronology. The identification of the principle stone quarries and their zones of commercial influence gives information on the evolution of architectural proportions and permits the development of coherent typologies. The acquisition of such analytical criteria is difficult to generalise beyond strictly limited regions and are necessarily linked with in-depth familiarity with the territory concerned. The example that the Clos du Cotentin offers for the identification of building materials and the study of buildings may be seen as a manifesto in favour of a detailed topographical approach, capable of placing rural architecture in the framework of its historical evolution.

Strategies endogenes d'adaptation des communautes rurales de la ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Cette étude est réalisée pour apprécier les impacts liés à la construction du barrage d'Akossombo sur les activités communautés rurales de la basse vallée de la Volta au Ghana. Les enquêtes menées auprès des ménages, des autorités administratives, des diverses structures et dans les champs ont permis de collecter les ...

Liban | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le développement ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Nous avons également appuyé la lutte antitabac afin de réduire les risques, entre autres, de cancer, de diabète et d'accidents vasculaires cérébraux. Une étude menée auprès des utilisateurs du narguilé, ou pipe à eau, qui sont très nombreux au Moyen-Orient, a donné lieu à des résultats inédits. Des chercheurs de ...

Scintillating Fibre Calorimetry at the LHC

CERN Multimedia

2002-01-01

Good electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry will play a central role in an LHC detector. The lead/scintillating fibre calorimeter technique provides a fast signal response well matched to the LHC rate requirements. It can be made to give equal response for electrons and hadrons (compensation) with good electromagnetic and hadronic energy resolutions.\\\\ \\\\ The aim of this R&D proposal is to study in detail the aspects that are relevant for application of this type of calorimeter in an LHC environment, including its integration in a larger system of detectors, e.g.~projective geometry, radiation hardness, light detection, calibration and stability monitoring, electron/hadron separation.....

LHC computing (WLCG) past, present, and future

CERN Document Server

Bird, I G

2016-01-01

The LCG project, and the WLCG Collaboration, represent a more than 10-year investment in building and operating the LHC computing environment. This article gives some of the history of how the WLCG was constructed and the preparations for the accelerator start-up. It will discuss the experiences and lessons learned during the first 3 year run of the LHC, and will conclude with a look forwards to the planned upgrades of the LHC and the experiments, discussing the implications for computing.

Current and expected performance of tracking and vertexing with the ATLAS detector at the LHC and the HL-LHC.

CERN Document Server

Kastanas, Alex; The ATLAS collaboration

2018-01-01

The ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has had an extremely successful data collecting period during 2017, recording over 45 fb-1 of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV. This was achieved, in part, by running the LHC at a high instantaneous lumi- nosity level of over 1.5 x 10+34 cm-2s-1, which corresponds to over 57 inelastic proton-proton collisions per beam crossing. This talk will highlight the tracking and vertexing performance of the tracking detector within ATLAS (Inner Detector) throughout this successful year of data taking. In order to increase its potential for discoveries, the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) aims to increase the LHC data-set by an order of magnitude by collecting 3,000 fb-1 of recorded data. Starting, from mid-2026, the HL-LHC is expected to reach the peak instantaneous luminosity of 7.5 x 10+34 cm-2s-1, which corresponds to about 200 inelastic proton-proton collisions per beam crossing. To cope with the large radiation doses and high pile...

Illustrer des données d’entretiens sur cartes sémantiques pour examiner le développement du vocabulaire de jeunes enfants

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Catherine Turcotte

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Résumé L’évaluation du vocabulaire auprès de jeunes enfants est un défi puisque peu d’instruments tiennent compte des processus d’apprentissage du vocabulaire. S’appuyant sur les connaissances relatives au développement des champs lexicaux, cet article propose d’organiser et de présenter, sous forme de cartes sémantiques, des données recueillies à partir d’entretiens. Afin de présenter la contribution d’une telle démarche, deux de ces cartes sont exposées, illustrant le vocabulaire expressif de deux enfants de 4 et 6 ans interrogés à trois reprises, avant et après une activité portant sur les quatre saisons. Les avantages et les limites de cette démarche sont décrits et discutés, puisque cet article a comme visée de contribuer à la création de nouveaux instruments et de nouvelles méthodes, complémentaires aux instruments déjà existants afin d’évaluer le vocabulaire de jeunes enfants. Abstract The evaluation of young children’s vocabulary is a challenge because few instruments reflect the vocabulary learning process. Based on knowledge about the development of lexical fields, this article proposes to organize and present data collected from interviews with the help of semantic maps. In order to describe the contribution of such an approach, two of these semantic maps are exposed, showing the expressive vocabulary of two children of 4 and 6 years of age before and after a learning activity on the four seasons. The advantages and limits of this approach are described and discussed, since this article intends to contribute to the creation of new instruments and new methods, complementary to existing instruments assessing the vocabulary of young children.

Partons and jets at the LHC

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Partons and jets at the LHC. DAVISON E SOPER. Institute of Theoretical Science, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-5203, USA. Abstract. I review some issues related to short distance QCD and its relation to the experimental program of the large hadron collider (LHC) now under construction in Geneva. Keywords.

Dynamique des populations du foreur des tiges du cacaoyer ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Objectif : Le foreur de tiges du cacaoyer, Eulophonotus myrmeleon Felder cause aujourd'hui d'énormes dégâts dans les cacaoyères ivoiriennes. La présente étude vise à déterminer les périodes de fortes attaques de ce déprédateur dans la région du Haut-Sassandra, la deuxième plus grande région de production de ...

Characterization and performance optimization of radiation monitoring sensors for high energy physics experiments at the CERN LHC and Super-LHC

CERN Document Server

Mekki, Julien

2009-01-01

In order to study the matter originating from the universe, a new particle accelerator named the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has been built at CERN. The radiation environment generated by the hadrons collisions in the high energy physics experiments of the LHC will be complex and locally very intense. For monitoring this complex radiation field, dosimeters have been installed in the LHC experiments. In previous study, RadFET dosimeters and PIN diodes have been characterized for their use in the particle accelerator. However, even if the RadFETs sensors have been already extensively characterized, their radiation response can be affected by their package. Depending on the material and the geometry, the package can induce errors in the dose measurement. In this thesis, a complete study has been carried out in order to evaluate its influence. Concerning the PIN diodes, the readout protocol used for the LHC is no longer valuable for the Super-LHC. Therefore, a complete study on their radiation response has been p...

Superconducting magnet development for the LHC upgrades

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rossi, Lucio

2012-01-01

LHC is now delivering proton and heavy ion collisions at the highest energy. Upgrading the LHC beyond its design performance is a long term program that started during the LHC construction, with some fundamental R and D programs. The upgrade program is based on a vigorous superconductor and magnet R and D, aimed at increasing the field in accelerator magnets from 8 T to 12 T for the luminosity upgrade, with the scope of increasing the collider luminosity by a factor 5 to 10 from 2022. The upgrade program might continue with the LHC energy upgrade, which would require magnets producing field in the range of 16-20 T. The results obtained so far and the future challenges are discussed together with the possible plan to reach the goals. (author)

Cryogenics for HL-LHC

Science.gov (United States)

Tavian, L.; Brodzinski, K.; Claudet, S.; Ferlin, G.; Wagner, U.; van Weelderen, R.

The discovery of a Higgs boson at CERN in 2012 is the start of a major program of work to measure this particle's properties with the highest possible precision for testing the validity of the Standard Model and to search for further new physics at the energy frontier. The LHC is in a unique position to pursue this program. Europe's top priority is the exploitation of the full potential of the LHC, including the high-luminosity upgrade of the machine and detectors with an objective to collect ten times more data than in the initial design, by around 2030. To reach this objective, the LHC cryogenic system must be upgraded to withstand higher beam current and higher luminosity at top energy while keeping the same operation availability by improving the collimation system and the protection of electronics sensitive to radiation. This chapter will present the conceptual design of the cryogenic system upgrade with recent updates in performance requirements, the corresponding layout and architecture of the system as well as the main technical challenges which have to be met in the coming years.

LHC Report: Rocky XIV

CERN Multimedia

Mike Lamont for the LHC Team

2012-01-01

The LHC has been in luminosity production mode for the last couple of weeks. Peak luminosities have ranged between 6 and a record 7.74 x 1033 cm -2 s-1. Integrated luminosities per fill have been healthy, with 170 inverse picobarn per fill reached on five occasions in the last two weeks.  The total integrated luminosity for the year has passed 14 inverse femtobarns.   Injected bunch currents have peaked at an average of  1.69 x 1011 protons per bunch on average - a remarkable achievement for both the injectors and the LHC: the injectors to be able to produce good quality beam at these intensities; the LHC for being able to cope with these intensities without excessive losses. Peak performance from day to day depends strongly on the beam sizes and bunch intensities delivered by the injectors. It is a continual challenge to keep the Booster, PS and SPS optimally tuned while they deliver beams to their other wide range of users. Despite the excel...

Connecting LHC, ILC, and quintessence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chung, Daniel J.H.; Everett, Lisa L.; Kong, Kyoungchul; Matchev, Konstantin T.

2007-01-01

If the cold dark matter consists of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), anticipated measurements of the WIMP properties at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the International Linear Collider (ILC) will provide an unprecedented experimental probe of cosmology at temperatures of order 1 GeV. It is worth emphasizing that the expected outcome of these tests may or may not be consistent with the picture of standard cosmology. For example, in kination-dominated quintessence models of dark energy, the dark matter relic abundance can be significantly enhanced compared to that obtained from freeze out in a radiation-dominated universe. Collider measurements then will simultaneously probe both dark matter and dark energy. In this article, we investigate the precision to which the LHC and ILC can determine the dark matter and dark energy parameters under those circumstances. We use an illustrative set of four benchmark points in minimal supergravity in analogy with the four LCC benchmark points. The precision achievable together at the LHC and ILC is sufficient to discover kination-dominated quintessence, under the assumption that the WIMPs are the only dark matter component. The LHC and ILC can thus play important roles as alternative probes of both dark matter and dark energy

Physics with heavy ions at LHC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Safarik, K.

2004-01-01

We discuss the motivation to study heavy ion collisions at LHC, and the experimental conditions under which detectors will have to operate. A short description of the detectors under construction is given. Physics performance is illustrated in two examples, which will become accessible at LHC energies, jet quenching and heavy-flavor production. (author)

Parton distributions with LHC data

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ball, R.D.; Deans, C.S.; Del Debbio, L.

2013-01-01

We present the first determination of parton distributions of the nucleon at NLO and NNLO based on a global data set which includes LHC data: NNPDF2.3. Our data set includes, besides the deep inelastic, Drell-Yan, gauge boson production and jet data already used in previous global PDF determinati......We present the first determination of parton distributions of the nucleon at NLO and NNLO based on a global data set which includes LHC data: NNPDF2.3. Our data set includes, besides the deep inelastic, Drell-Yan, gauge boson production and jet data already used in previous global PDF...... fraction of the proton. We also present collider PDF sets, constructed using only data from HERA, the Tevatron and the LHC, but find that this data set is neither precise nor complete enough for a competitive PDF determination....

Plan of SPS to LHC transfer tunnels

CERN Multimedia

Laurent Guiraud

2001-01-01

This diagram shows the LHC and the SPS pre-accelerator (in blue) and the transfer lines that will connect them (in red). Spanning the France-Swiss border (shown by green crosses), the 27-km LHC tunnel will receive a beam that has been pre-accelerated to 450 GeV in the smaller SPS storage ring. The transfer lines will remove each beam from the SPS and inject them into the LHC where they will be accelerated to the full energy of 7 TeV.

Links between astroparticle physics and the LHC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pinfold, James L

2005-01-01

Research into the fundamental nature of matter at the high energy frontier takes place in three main areas: accelerator-based particle physics, high energy astrophysics, and the cosmology of the early universe. As a consequence the study of astroparticle physics can have significant implications for collider physics at the LHC. Likewise, the LHC project provides the laboratory to perform measurements of great importance for cosmic ray astrophysics and cosmology. This paper reviews some of the important synergistic links between astroparticle and LHC physics. (topical review)

LHC Abort Gap Cleaning with the Transverse Damper

CERN Document Server

Gianfelice-Wendt, E; Höfle, Wolfgang; Kain, V; Meddahi, M; Shaposhnikova, E; Koschik, A

2010-01-01

In the Large Hadron Collider, LHC, particles not captured by the RF system at injection or leaking out of the RF bucket may quench the superconducting magnets during beam abort. The problem, common to other superconducting machines, is particularly serious for the LHC due to the very large stored energy in the beam. For the LHC a way of removing the unbunched beam has been studied and it uses the existing damper kickers to excite resonantly the particles travelling along the abort gap. In this paper we describe the results of simulations performed with MAD X for various LHC optics configurations, including the estimated multipolar errors.

Le Developmental Entrepreneurship Program du Massachusetts ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Faire en sorte que les étudiants venant des pays en développement pour étudier au MIT retournent ensuite dans leurs pays respectifs afin d'y concrétiser leurs idées est un souci majeur du MIT, des bailleurs de fonds et du milieu du développement. Ce projet palliera à ce souci en soutenant la formation des fellows du ...

Computer graphic of LHC in the tunnel

CERN Multimedia

1996-01-01

A computer-generated image of the LHC particle accelerator at CERN in the tunnel originally built for the LEP accelerator that was closed in 2000. The cross-section of an LHC superconducting dipole magnet is also seen.

Optics Measurements and Correction Challenges for the HL-LHC

CERN Document Server

Carlier, Felix Simon; Fartoukh, Stephane; Fol, Elena; Gamba, Davide; Garcia-Tabares Valdivieso, Ana; Giovannozzi, Massimo; Hofer, Michael; Langner, Andy Sven; Maclean, Ewen Hamish; Malina, Lukas; Medina Medrano, Luis Eduardo; Persson, Tobias Hakan Bjorn; Skowronski, Piotr Krzysztof; Tomas Garcia, Rogelio; Van Der Veken, Frederik; Wegscheider, Andreas

2017-01-01

Optics control in the HL-LHC will be challenged by a very small β* of 15 cm in the two main experiments. HL-LHC physics fills will keep a constant luminosity during several hours via β* leveling. This will require the commissioning of a large number of optical configurations, further challenging the efficiency of the optics measurements and correction tools. We report on the achieved level of optics control in the LHC with simulations and extrapolations for the HL-LHC.

Beam Optics Studies in the Large Hadron Collider Observations on an Anomalous Octupolar Resonance Line in the LHC -- and -- Accuracy & Feasibility of the $\\beta^*$ Measurement for LHC and HL-LHC Using K-Modulation

CERN Document Server

Carlier, F S

While linear LHC dynamics are mostly understood and under control, non-linear beam dynamics will play an increasingly important role in the challenging regimes of future LHC operation. In 2012, turn-by-turn measurements of large betatron excitations of LHC Beam 2 at injection energy were carried out. These measurements revealed an unexpectedly large spectral line in the horizontal motion with frequency $-Q_x-2Q_y$. Detailed analyses and simulations are presented to understand the nature of this spectral line. -- ABSTRACT II -- The future regimes of operation of the LHC will require improved control of $\\beta^*$ measurements to succesfully level the luminosities in the interaction points. The method of K-modulation has been widely used in other machines such as, LEP, HERA, Tevatron and ALBA to measure lattice beta functions. In the LHC, K-modulation of the last quadrupoles of the IP is the method to measure $\\beta^*$ in the IP. This paper highlights the challenge of high precision tune measurements (up to $10...

Double-quarkonium production at a fixed-target experiment at the LHC (AFTER@LHC)

CERN Document Server

Lansberg, Jean-Philippe

2015-01-01

We present predictions for double-quarkonium production in the kinematical region relevant for the proposed fixed-target experiment using the LHC beams (dubbed as AFTER@LHC). These include all spin-triplet S -wave charmonium and bottomonium pairs, i.e. Psi(n_1S) + Psi(n_2S), Psi(n_1S) + Upsilon(m_1S) and Upsilon(m_1S) + Upsilon(m_2S ) with n_1,n_2 = 1,2 and m_1,m_2 = 1,2,3. We calculate the contributions from double-parton scatterings and single-parton scatterings. With an integrated luminosity of 20 fb-1 to be collected at AFTER@LHC, we find that the yields for double-charmonium production are large enough for differential distribution measurements. We discuss some differential distributions for J/Psi + J/Psi production, which can help to study the physics of double-parton and single-parton scatterings in a new energy range and which might also be sensitive to double intrinsic c-bar(c) coalescence at large negative Feynman x.

Beam-Beam Interaction Studies at LHC

CERN Document Server

Schaumann, Michaela; Alemany Fernandez, R

2011-01-01

The beam-beam force is one of the most important limiting factors in the performance of a collider, mainly in the delivered luminosity. Therefore, it is essential to measure the effects in LHC. Moreover, adequate understanding of LHC beam-beam interaction is of crucial importance in the design phases of the LHC luminosity upgrade. Due to the complexity of this topic the work presented in this thesis concentrates on the beam-beam tune shift and orbit effects. The study of the Linear Coherent Beam-Beam Parameter at the LHC has been determined with head-on collisions with small number of bunches at injection energy (450 GeV). For high bunch intensities the beam-beam force is strong enough to expect orbit effects if the two beams do not collide head-on but with a crossing angle or with a given offset. As a consequence the closed orbit changes. The closed orbit of an unperturbed machine with respect to a machine where the beam-beam force becomes more and more important has been studied and the results are as well ...

LHC experiences close encounters with UFOs

CERN Multimedia

Mike Lamont for the LHC Team

2011-01-01

On 29 May, yet another record was set as 1092 bunches per beam were injected into the LHC, hitting a peak luminosity of 1.26x1033 cm-2 s-1. While running at 3.5 TeV each beam now packs a total energy of over 70 MJ – equivalent to a TGV travelling at a 70 kph.   Operators in the LHC Control Centre happily show off their display screens after succesfully injecting 1092 bunches injected into the machine for the first time.  As the total beam intensity has been pushed up, the LHC has encountered a number of related problems, such as the so-called UFOs (Unidentified Falling Objects). These are thought to be dust particles falling through the beam, causing localized beam loss. The losses can push nearby beam loss monitors over the threshold and dump the beam. This is more of an annoyance than a danger for the LHC, but UFOs do reduce the operational efficiency of the machine. Despite this, the luminosity delivered to the experiments has steadily increased. On three occasions there ha...

"Cirque du Freak."

Science.gov (United States)

Rivett, Miriam

2002-01-01

Considers the marketing strategies that underpin the success of the "Cirque du Freak" series. Describes how "Cirque du Freak" is an account of events in the life of schoolboy Darren Shan. Notes that it is another reworking of the vampire narrative, a sub-genre of horror writing that has proved highly popular with both adult and…

Étude des soins de santé primaires dispensés dans les pays du ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)