Os idosos e as instituições asilares do município de Campinas Los ancianos y las instituciones asilares del municipio de Campinas The elderly and asylums at the municipality of Campinas, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Akemi Yamamoto

2002-10-01

Full Text Available Este estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar as instituições asilares de Campinas quanto aos seus residentes, recursos humanos e rotinas realizadas. Foram investigadas seis instituições de caráter privado, com residentes, em sua maioria dependentes, e recursos humanos insuficientes qualitativa e quantitativamente. Foi possível verificar que a capacitação dos profissionais, na área de geriatria e gerontologia, em particular, da equipe de enfermagem, é imprescindível para a melhoria da assistência prestada aos idosos.Este estudio tiene como objetivo caracterizar las instituciones asilares de Campinas, en relación con los residentes, recursos humanos y rutinas realizadas. Fueron investigadas seis instituciones de carácter privado, que abrigan residentes cuya mayoría es dependiente y que tienen recursos humanos insuficientes cualitativa y cuantitativamente. Fue posible verificar que la capacitación de los profesionales del área de geriatría y gerontología y en particular del equipo de enfermería, es imprescindible para la mejoría de la atención a los ancianos.This study aimed at characterizing the asylums at the municipality of Campinas regarding their residents, human resources and routines. Authors investigated six private institutions with residents, whose majority were dependent and with quantitatively and qualitatively insufficient human resources. It was possible to verify the capacitation of the health professionals in the areas of geriatrics and gerontology, in particular, as well as of the nursing team that is really important to the improvement of the care provided to the elderly.

Variações anatômicas em Lymnaea columella (Mollusca, Gastropoda

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marlene T. Ueta

1977-12-01

Full Text Available Foram estudadas variações anatômicas de espécimes de L. columella coletados de diferentes criadouros situados em diversos Municípios do Estado de São Paulo: Campinas, Americana, Atibaia, Pirassununga, Caçapava e Taubaté. As comparações morfométricas foram baseadas em estudos do aparelho genital, rim e rádula. Foram medidos, para cada criadouro, os comprimentos do conjunto útero-vagina, dueto da espermateca, prepúcio e bainha do pênis. Foram ainda calculados os índices de relação entre bainha do pênis/prepúcio e estabelecidos os coeficientes de correlação entre comprimento da concha e comprimento do prepúcio. Cortes longitudiais do complexo peniano foram também objeto de estudo. Em relação a rádula foram determinados o número de fileiras transversais e o número de dentes por fileira, e estabelecida uma fórmula radular aproximada para os diversos criadouros.Soft parts of Lymnaea columella from ten populations from the State of São Paulo were studied in order to determine morphometric variations. These morphometric cornparisons were made upon reproductive system, kidney and radula of snail samples collected in different municipalities: Campinas, Americana, Atibaia, Pirassununga, Caçapava and Taubaté. Length measurementes of uterus, duct of spermatheca, prepuce and penis sheath were taken; the ratio penis sheath/prepuce and correlation coefficients between length of shell and length of prepuce were established. Longitudinal sections of penial complex were also studied. The number of trans verse rows, number of teeth per rows and the length of shell were determined. For each sample, the radular formula was indicated.

Experiências Urbanas: Migrantes e Modos de Viver e Trabalhar na Periferia de Campina Grande na Década de 1960 * Urban Experiences: Migrants and Ways of Living and Working in the Outskirts of Campina Grande in the 1960s

OpenAIRE

HILMARIA XAVIER DA SILVA

2013-01-01

Resumo: A partir do final da década de 1940 e início de 1950, Campina Grande passa por uma significativa urbanização e expansão, favorecida pelo crescimento econômico. Observamos que trabalhadores do campo migraram da zona rural para a zona urbana de Campina Grande à medida que o trabalho na lavoura estava se tornando inviável em razão das secas e viam no centro urbano de Campina possibilidades outras de trabalhar e ter condições de vida mais dignas. Nosso trabalho intenta refletir sobre como...

Urban Experiences: Migrants and Ways of Living and Working in the Outskirts of Campina Grande in the 1960s

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

HILMARIA XAVIER DA SILVA

2012-01-01

Full Text Available From the late 1940s and early 1950s, Campina Grande undergoes a significant urbanization and expansion, favored by economic growth. We observed that rural workers migrated from rural to urban area in Campina Grande in so far as the farming activity was becoming unviable due to droughts and they could see, in the urban center of Campina, other possibilities of working and worthier life conditions. Our work attempts to reflect on how some popular migrated to Campina Grande in the late 1950s and 1960s, changing their practices in the workplace and changing the characteristics of the city, because massing in the periphery, men and women who were ploughpeople in past, have now the role of watchers, bricklayers, washerwomen, street vendors, cart drivers, stone breakers, among others.

TERRITORY, MUSIC AND DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION: THE SOUND CIRCUIT IN CAMPINAS-SP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristiano Nunes Alves

2013-08-01

Full Text Available A problemática em torno da espessura do circuito de rádio FM e produção fonográfica em Campinas é o objetivo desta pesquisa. O circuito FM em Campinas entra decisivamente no campo da indústria cultural a partir da década de 1970, tendo se expandido concomitantemente ao circuito de produção fonográfica, num contexto de urbanização e metropolização crescentes no Brasil. Observamos que em contrapartida ao circuito FM, certa componente musical residual nos lugares movimenta, entre outros, a produção fonográfica alternativa e as rádios livres. Envolvidos por uma divisão técnica e territorial do trabalho dinamizada por círculos ascendentes de informação, esses circuitos residuais mais territorializados sobrevivem e por vezes se contrapõem à cisão e fragmentação urbanas. Trata-se, pois, de um estudo de Campinas enquanto um lugar que abriga em seu cotidiano densidades técnica, informacional e comunicacional. Interessa-nos apreender as condições geográficas contemporâneas de vida nesta cidade, indagando sobre seu componente comunicacional.

Tuberculose no sistema prisional de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil Tuberculosis among city jail inmates in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Helenice Bosco de Oliveira

2004-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever a situação da tuberculose nas prisões da Cidade de Campinas, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo dos casos notificados de tuberculose em presidiários no período de 1993 a 2000. Foram avaliados dados de 4 293 detentos dos quatro presídios que constituem o complexo penitenciário da região. Foram utilizadas informações do banco de dados em tuberculose do Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP. RESULTADOS: Observou-se um pico de incidência da tuberculose em 1994 (1 397,62 notificações em 100 000 indivíduos. A menor taxa foi observada em 1999 (559,04. Predominou a faixa etária de 25 a 34 anos (62,6% e a AIDS como doença associada (49,9%. A forma preponderante de tuberculose foi a pulmonar (91,9%, com baciloscopia de escarro positiva em 70,3%. A maioria dos presidiários não tinha realizado tratamentos prévios (75,4%. O abandono de tratamento chegou a 49%. Houve cura em apenas 20,8% dos casos no período estudado. CONCLUSÕES: A incidência intermediária de tuberculose observada neste estudo pode estar relacionada à subnotificação. A freqüência de falência do tratamento ainda é baixa. No entanto, o abandono, como fator que facilita a propagação de micobactérias resistentes na comunidade, causa preocupação. O controle da tuberculose nas prisões deveria ser parte rotineira das intervenções direcionadas a eliminar a doença na comunidade e a prevenir a resistência às drogas antituberculose.OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence of tuberculosis among inmates of the municipal prison system in the city of Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil, from 1993 through 2000. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out of the number of cases of tuberculosis that were notified among inmates over the study period. This involved reviewing data from a total of 4 293 inmates who were held

Estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência em Campina Grande, Paraíba Estimate of reference evapotranspiration in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba state, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco de A. N. Henrique

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Deste trabalho se objetivou estimar, através de uma fórmula empírica, a evapotranspiração de referência diária no município de Campina Grande, PB (EToT, utilizando-se a amplitude térmica diária. Estimou-se, também, a ETo diária usando-se os métodos de FAO-Penman-Monteith (EToPM, Hargreaves (EToH e Linacre (EToL, sendo depois correlacionados com a EToT proposta na pesquisa, por estação do ano; para isto foram coletados valores diários das temperaturas, umidade relativa do ar, radiação solar, precipitação, pressão atmosférica e velocidade do vento a 2 m da Estação Meteorológica Automática, instalada na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG, no período de 1 de janeiro a 31 de dezembro de 2004. Tais valores foram registrados no intervalo de 10 min. Verificou-se que as correlações da EToT com EToH, obtiveram o melhor ajuste, cujos coeficientes foram: R² = 0,7882 (no ano, R² = 0,9796 (no verão, R² = 0,8253 (no outono, R² = 0,878 (no inverno e R² = 0,914 (na primavera. Conclui-se que os métodos de EToPM e EToL não se ajustaram bem para Campina Grande, PB, o que evidencia que a EToT poderá ser utilizada na forma proposta para estimativa da ETo desta localidade. Das equações propostas, a única restrição é o EToT para o verão caso em que se recomenda o uso da equação anual.The objective of this study was to estimate, using an empiric formula, the daily reference evapotranspiration in the city of Campina Grande, Paraiba State, Brazil (EToT, using the daily thermal amplitude. The ETo was also estimated using the methods of FAO-Penman-Monteith (EToPM, Hargreaves (EToH and Linacre (EToL, being correlated later with EToT proposed in this research by season. For that, daily values of temperature, air relative humidity, solar radiation, precipitation, atmospheric pressure and wind speed at 2 m, were taken using the Automatic Meteorological Station installed in the Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG

Community-University Research Partnerships for Workers' and Environmental Health in Campinas Brazil

Science.gov (United States)

Monteiro, Maria Ines; Siqueira, Carlos Eduardo; Filho, Heleno Rodrigues Correa

2011-01-01

Three partnerships between the University of Campinas, community, and public health care services are discussed in this article. A theoretical framework underpins the critical reviews of their accomplishments following criteria proposed by scholars of community-university partnerships and community-based participatory research. The article…

Standard Rape Cases in the Criminal Justice System in Campinas, São Paulo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joana Domingues Vargas

2008-01-01

Full Text Available This study presents a longitudinal analysis of the records found in the Women’s Defense Division of the Public Ministry and in the Criminal Courts of the municipality of Campinas, São Paulo State. The study identified both the characteristics of rape (the accused, victims and relations between them, as well as the processes of selection and filtering to which they are submit during their processing. The results found for Campinas reflect rape complaints found in international studies, which indicate that rape is a heterogeneous category, although the aggressors are invariably men and the victims young. On the other hand, when the criminal selection process is analyzed, a filtering of typologies is noticed, found in the complaint phase in three standards for the crime of rape: intrafamiliar, committed by an unknown aggressor and among youth who know each other.

Cidade-laboratório: Campinas e a febre amarela na aurora republicana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Valter Martins

2015-04-01

Full Text Available No final do século XIX ocorreram epidemias de febre amarela em Campinas. Considerada doença litorânea, a febre assustou leigos e médicos. O debate científico sobre a etiologia da doença deixou revistas e correspondências médicas para orientar ações políticas e sanitárias. Visando combater a enfermidade, a cidade ganhou contornos de laboratório e vivenciou sua "era do saneamento e das demolições", com vitórias sobre o achaque e transtornos à população. A Comissão Sanitária Estadual comandada por Emílio Ribas, ciente da teoria culicidiana de Finlay, ensaiou em Campinas o que ocorreria no Rio de Janeiro de Oswaldo Cruz e Pereira Passos. A novidade do combate aos mosquitos conviveu com antigas práticas caras à teoria miasmática, como as desinfecções.

Iheringichthys labrosus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae in the Piquiri River, Paraná, Brazil: population structure and some aspects of its reproductive biology

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arlei J. Holzbach

Full Text Available The purpose of this study was to analyze the population structure (spatial and temporal distribution, sex ratio, length distribution and length/weight relationship and reproductive biology of Iheringichthys labrosus. This species is of importance as fisheries resource in the Paraná River basin. Fish were sampled, bimonthly, with gill and trammel nets at three sampling sites (Campina, Apertado and Altônia, located in the Piquiri River, between November 2002 and September 2003. In this study, 164 individuals were collected; the largest capture occurred in Campina site, with 209.88 individuals/1000 m² of net for 24 hours, while the shift of largest capture was night time (N and the month was July. Females occurred in larger numbers than males in all periods. The growth was allometric positive and the reproduction period was from the beginning of September to the end of December, with the majority of the individuals showing a standard length between 13.0 and 20.0 cm.

Methodology to evaluate the energy associated to the industrial solid wastes: application in a metropolitan region of Campinas, Sao Paulo state, Brazil; Metodologia para avaliacao da energia associada ao residuo solido industrial: aplicacao a regiao metropolitada de Campinas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Batista, Tereza Rosana Orrico [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), SP (Brazil). Curso de Pos-graduacao em Planejamento de Sistemas Energeticos; Teixeira, Egle Novaes [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), SP (Brazil). Fac. de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo; Silva, Ennio Peres da [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), SP (Brazil). Nucleo Interdisciplinar de Planejamento Energetico. Lab. de Hidrogenio

2004-07-01

The aim of this work is to the application of a methodology to evaluate the energy associated to the industrial solid wastes in the metropolitan region of Campinas. The methodological route proposed is: the characterization of the research area and the production/management of the industrial solid wastes; the energetic classification and the qualitative/quantitative research of the energy associated to the industrial solid wastes; and, the valuation of the applicability of the energetic utilization mechanisms proposed to the region. This methodology when applied at the Campinas metropolitan region proved to be valid and it resulted in a synthetically presentation of the social and environmental reality of the industrial sector and the destination of the wastes, as well as it indicated the potentialities related to the energetic utilization of the industrial solid waste in the region. With the obtained results it was shown the importance of the the production and the destination of the industrial solid wastes in the Campinas metropolitan region , and the meaning, in terms of electric potency, of the values of the energy associated to the wastes with a known factor of energetic conversion shown in the researched sample. (author)

Caracterização das usuárias de terapia de reposição hormonal do Município de Campinas, São Paulo Characterization of hormone replacement therapy users in Campinas, São Paulo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aarão Mendes Pinto Neto

2002-02-01

Full Text Available Realizou-se um estudo descritivo de corte transversal, de base populacional, com o objetivo de caracterizar as mulheres climatéricas do Município de Campinas, Estado de São Paulo, de acordo com o uso da terapia de reposição hormonal (TRH. Selecionaram-se, por processo de amostragem, 456 mulheres na faixa etária de 45-60 anos de idade, segundo informações obtidas da agência local da Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE. As mulheres foram selecionadas por conglomerados e a unidade de referência foi um setor censitário, conforme definido pelo IBGE. Os dados foram coletados por intermédio de entrevistas domiciliares, com questionários estruturados e pré-testados, fornecidos pela Fundação Internacional de Saúde, Sociedade Internacional de Menopausa e pela Sociedade Norte-Americana de Menopausa e adaptados pelos autores. Para caracterizar as mulheres segundo o uso atual ou passado de TRH, utilizou-se o modelo de regressão logística politômica, com processo de seleção backward de variáveis. Concluiu-se que no Município de Campinas as principais características das usuárias da terapia de reposição hormonal foram estar na perimenopausa, ter maior escolaridade e melhor classe social.This study employed a descriptive, cross-sectional, population-based design to characterize climacteric women from Campinas, São Paulo State, based on use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT. An area cluster sample was selected with 456 women 45 to 60 years of age, residing in Campinas, based on data from the Brazilian Institute of Statistics and Geography (IBGE. Women were selected by area cluster, and the reference unit was the census tract as defined by the IBGE. Data were collected through home interviews using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire provided by the International Health Foundation/International Menopause Society and by the North American Menopause Society and adapted by the authors. In order to

[Tuberculosis among city jail inmates in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil].

Science.gov (United States)

de Oliveira, Helenice Bosco; Cardoso, Janaina Corrêa

2004-03-01

To describe the incidence of tuberculosis among inmates of the municipal prison system in the city of Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil, from 1993 through 2000. A retrospective study was carried out of the number of cases of tuberculosis that were notified among inmates over the study period. This involved reviewing data from a total of 4,293 inmates who were held in the four prisons that comprise Campinas' municipal prison system. Data were obtained from the tuberculosis database belonging to the Department of Social and Preventive Medicine of the School of Medical Sciences at the State University of Campinas. The incidence of tuberculosis peaked in 1994 (1,397.62 cases per 100,000) and was lowest in 1999 (559.04 cases per 100,000). Most cases of tuberculosis occurred in inmates in the 25 to 34 year age group (62.6%). Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was the disease most commonly associated with tuberculosis (49.9%), which was most often pulmonary in type (91.9%), with positive sputum smears in 70.3% of the inmates tested. Most inmates had not received treatment before (75.4%). The treatment dropout rate reached 49%, and a cure was achieved in only 20.8% of the cases notified over the study period. The incidence of tuberculosis observed in this study was moderate when compared to incidence rates found in other studies of prison inmates, but this could be due to underreporting. The frequency of treatment failure noted was low, since patients who were treated under supervision showed good adherence and were cured in the majority of cases. However, the high treatment dropout rate seen in the study is alarming because it could facilitate the spread of drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to the community at large. Controlling tuberculosis among prison inmates should be part of routine interventions aimed at eliminating this disease from the community and at preventing resistance to antituberculosis therapy.

Padrões do estupro no fluxo do sistema de justiça criminal em Campinas, São Paulo

OpenAIRE

Vargas,Joana Domingues

2008-01-01

Esta pesquisa apresenta a análise longitudinal dos registros, produzidos na Delegacia de Defesa da Mulher, no Ministério Público e nas Varas Criminais, do município de Campinas, estado de São Paulo, que permite identificar tanto as características do estupro (acusados, vítimas e relação existente entre eles), quanto os processos de seleção e de filtragem a que estes são submetidos no decorrer de seu processamento. Os resultados encontrados para Campinas inserem-se nos padrões das queixas de e...

Maternal mortality in Campinas: evolution, under-registration and avoidanc

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Guilherme Cecatti

1999-01-01

Full Text Available CONTEXT: Up until a few years ago, maternal mortality did not merit much attention as a worldwide public health issue. The health and social development indicator almost exclusively used was infant death. OBJECTIVE: To study the number, characteristics, basic causes and avoidance of maternal mortality (MM among women living in the city of Campinas, which occurred between 1985 and 1991, identified from all death certificates of women aged 10 through 49 years. DESIGN: Retrospective and descriptive population-based study. SETTING: University Referal Center. SAMPLES: All eligible death certificates classified as declared and presumed maternal deaths according to the Laurenti criteria for the cause of death were selected and complementary studies of the clinical records were performed. MAIN MEASURES: Day of the week and place of occurrence of death; period of occurrence; transfer from another hospital; number of days from delivery/abortion to death; blood transfusion; opportunity for transfusion; complications; autopsy; basic cause of death. RESULTS: Initially 39 declared maternal deaths were identified and a total of 62 were confirmed by the end of the study. This corresponds to an under-registration rate of 37.1% and to an MM ratio of 45.5 per 100,000 live births. Around three-fourths of these maternal deaths were due to a direct obstetrical cause and were considered avoidable. CONCLUSION: Maternal mortality still is high in the municipality of Campinas, although lower than the mean estimated for Brazil. The predominance of direct obstetric causes and avoidable deaths reinforces the need for public health interventions directed towards avoiding them

Emprego da amostragem de suspensão na determinação de Cu e Zn em lapa antártica e Ni em sedimento de rio por espectrometria de absorção atômica com chama

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alves Flávia de Lima

2001-01-01

Full Text Available In order to demonstrate the feasibility of slurry sampling for environmental studies, different methodologies were developed for Cu and Zn in antarctic limpets and Ni in river sediment with FAAS detection. Studies focusing particle size, acid concentration, slurry stability, selectivity, among others were carried out in order to define the better conditions for slurry analysis. A study related to the depth profile for Ni in the Atibaia River sediment was made after optimization conditions for this element. For accuracy check, certified reference material was used as well as decomposition with microwave oven.

Cotidiano de combate: imagens subvertidas em uma escola pública da cidade de Campinas Everyday battles: subverted images in a public school from the city of Campinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexsandro Aparecido Sgobin

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Este texto procura descrever experiências realizadas em uma escola da periferia de Campinas, tendo como inspiração a pedagogia libertária, ou anarquista. Com a consciência de que a implantação da própria pedagogia libertária em escolas sob o comando do Estado e, portanto imersas em uma ideologia capitalista, é praticamente impossível sugerir práticas de aula que busquem "anarquismos": movimentos, pensares, amores, batalhas que movimentem o pensamento e abram linhas de fuga, tocando as pretensões libertárias. No caso das experiências descritas neste texto, utilizamos, como possíveis anarquismos, fotografias de pichações que sofreram manipulação digital, tornando-se uma "hiper-realidade".This paper seeks to describe experiences in a school on the outskirts of Campinas, taking as inspiration the anarchist pedagogy. With the awareness that the implementation of anarchist pedagogy in public schools (immersed in a capitalist ideology is virtually impossible, we suggest classroom practices that seek for "anarchisms": movements, thoughts, love affairs, battles that move thought and open escape routes, touching the libertarian claims. In the case of the experiments described in this paper we use as possible anarchism photographs of "graffiti", which have undergone digital manipulation, making it a "hyperreality."

Indoor radon and radon daughters survey at Campinas-Brazil using CR-39: First results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guedes, S.; Hadler, J.C.N.; Iunes, P.J.; Navia, L.M.S.; Neman, R.S.; Paulo, S.R.; Rodrigues, V.C.; Souza, W.F.; Tello, C.A.S.; Zuniga, A.

1999-01-01

The first results of a radon and radon daughters (RD) survey performed at Campinas-SP, Brazil, are presented. We employed a technique that, potentially, makes possible to measure the radon and RD activity in the air and to separate from this result the activity of radon, alone. In this preliminary paper only the former activity is studied

Indoor radon and radon daughters survey at Campinas-Brazil using CR-39: First results

CERN Document Server

Guedes, S; Iunes, P J; Navia, L M S; Neman, R S; Paulo, S R; Rodrigues, V C; Souza, W F; Tello, C A S; Zúñiga, A G

1999-01-01

The first results of a radon and radon daughters (RD) survey performed at Campinas-SP, Brazil, are presented. We employed a technique that, potentially, makes possible to measure the radon and RD activity in the air and to separate from this result the activity of radon, alone. In this preliminary paper only the former activity is studied.

Mortalidad por causas externas en tres ciudades latinoamericanas: Córdoba (Argentina, Campinas (Brasil y Medellín (Colombia, 1980-2005 Mortalidade por causas externas em três cidades latino-americanas: Córdoba (Argentina, Campinas (Brasil e Medellín (Colômbia, 1980-2005 Mortality from external causes in three Latin American cities: Córdoba (Argentina, Campinas (Brazil and Medellín (Colombia, 1980-2005

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Doris Cardona

2008-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Contribuir a los estudios sobre mortalidad por causas violentas en la América Latina a través de la análisis comparativa de los patrones y tendencias reciente de las muertes por causas externas en tres contextos urbanos regionales. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo de fuente secundaria, utilizando estadísticas vitales del período 1980 a 2005, de Córdoba (Argentina, Campinas (Brasil, y Medellín (Colombia en tres períodos entre 1980 y 2005. Destacan los siguientes grupos de causas: homicidios por armas de fuego y otros, accidentes de transportes, suicidios y de intención no determinada; desagregado por edad y sexo, con tasas calculadas con media de trienios próximos a los años censales. RESULTADOS: Los niveles de Medellín aventajan notablemente los de Campinas y Córdoba, en todas las causas estudiadas y en todas ellas son los hombres jóvenes los que ponen la mayor cuota de muertes. Los niveles de Campinas duplican a los de Córdoba, sobre todo en los homicidios y accidentes de tránsito, pero en los suicidios las tasas cordobesas duplican a las de Campinas. Para Medellín las tasas son máximas en torno de 1990, contrario de las otras ciudades donde la tendencia es creciente entre 1980 y 2000, y decreciente entre 2001 y 2005. CONCLUSIONES: La disponibilidad de datos sobre mortalidad con calidad permite comparaciones sobre la salud de las poblaciones estudiadas. Al comparar la mortalidad por causas externas, se evidencian diferencias en el nivel pero no tanto en el comportamiento por edad y sexo; a pesar que se trata de ciudades con algunas características similares por lo porte, además son centros universitarios y de desarrollo industrial de importancia en cada país. Los resultados sugieren que factores socioeconómicos y demográficos no son suficientes para explicar la gran diferencia en las cantidades observadas.O objetivo deste artigo é contribuir para os estudos sobre mortalidade por causas violentas na América Latina

Biologia reprodutiva de Cattleya eldorado, uma espécie de Orchidaceae das campinas amazônicas Reproductive biology of Cattleya eldorado, a species of Orchidaceae from the Amazonian white sand campinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eliana Fernandez Storti

2011-01-01

Full Text Available As Orchidaceae são muito apreciadas por suas flores exóticas e exuberantes. É a maior família de plantas apresentando mais de 24000 espécies, o que denota uma alta diversidade de formas e adaptações a diferentes ambientes, como também para atração, engano e manipulação de visitantes na realização da polinização cruzada. Cattleya eldorado ocorre em áreas de campinas, que são formações vegetais típicas da região amazônica, que se encontram sob forte ação antrópica. Este trabalho tem como um de seus principais objetivos conhecer parte dos processos biológicos de C. eldorado fornecendo subsídios para conservá-la e manejá-la em seu habitat natural. Este estudo foi desenvolvido na Reserva Biológica de Campina, de 2000 a 2006, durante a sua floração. C. eldorado é uma espécie epifítica que apresenta a síndrome de melitofilia, estando adaptada ao seu polinizador, a abelha Eulaema mocsaryi, que reconhece suas flores pelo odor e pelo estímulo visual através de sua coloração e reflexão de luz ultravioleta. C. eldorado é uma espécie autocompatível, embora necessite de um agente polinizador para a transferência do polinário até sua deposição na cavidade estigmática da flor.The orchid plants are highly prized for their lush exotic flowers. It is the largest plant family with more than 24000 species, which indicates a high diversity of forms and adaptations to different environments, including the capacity to attract, deceive and manipulate visitors involved in cross-pollination. Cattleya eldorado occurs in areas of white sand campinas, a typical vegetation type of the Amazon region, which is under strong anthropogenic pressure. This work's main objectives to know the biological processes of C. eldorado providing subsidies to maintain and manage it in its natural habitat. This study was conducted from 2000 to 2006 in the Campina Biological Reserve, during its flowering period. C. eldorado is an epiphytic

Na casa e... na rua: cartografias das mulheres na cidade (Campina Grande, 1930-1945 At home and... on the streets: cartography of women around the city (Campina Grande, 1930-1945

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabio Gutemberg Ramos Bezerra de Sousa

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo fazemos uma incursão específica no mundo das mulheres. O locus do estudo é a cidade de Campina Grande, Paraíba, nos anos de 1930 a 1945, tendo como objeto os significados e implicações que algumas atividades das mulheres do meio popular tinham para a cidade e o modo como utilizavam seus espaços e territórios. Também buscamos reconstituir aspectos cotidianos da trajetória de algumas mulheres pelas ruas e subúrbios da cidade, focalizando características singulares de mulheres anônimas que apareceram na cena urbana, fazendo da cidade um lugar de múltiplas práticas, relações e conflitos.This article brings a specific gaze into women's world. The locus of our study is the city of Campina Grande (Paraíba from 1930 to 1945, emphasising the meanings and implications of some activities carried out by working class women through the city, and the ways they used its spaces and territories. We also seek to rebuild everyday aspects of their trajectories through streets and suburbs, focusing singular characteristics of anonymous women who appeared at the urban scene turning it into a place of multiple practices, relations and conflicts.

Cuidado ao idoso em Campinas-SP: estudo qualitativo com gestores e representantes políticos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Déborah Cristina de Oliveira

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O estudo busca identificar, descrever e analisar as práticas pertinentes à saúde do idoso na cidade de Campinas-SP, na perspectiva de representantes da saúde do idoso, tendo como base a Política Nacional de Saúde à Pessoa Idosa. Estudo qualitativo, com análise temática de conteúdo, na perspectiva de sujeitos que assumem funções estratégicas na condução da política direcionada ao idoso no município. A partir dos depoimentos dos sujeitos emergiram cinco temas centrais: tempos e lugares; condições de acesso; demandas da população; recursos humanos; promoção à saúde e prevenção de doenças e agravos; gestão. As práticas voltadas à saúde do idoso em Campinas estão em desenvolvimento e precisam ser avaliadas, ampliadas e sistematizadas, tanto nas questões estruturais de recursos humanos, financiamento e gestão, quanto na atenção direta ao idoso.

Campinas metropolitan region: solid waste management for regional sustainable development; Regiao metropolitana de Campinas: gestao de residuo solido para o desenvolvimento regional sustentavel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nagle, Elizabeth Camargo; Teixeira, Egle Novaes; Craveiros, Stephanie Grant; London, Pedro; Ferreira, Ronan Goncalves [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), SP (Brazil). Fac. de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo; Streb, Cleci Schalemberger [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), SP (Brazil). Fac. de Engenharia Mecanica

2004-07-01

Each person generates a lot of residues in their daily activities. The life cycle of residues, production, collection, transportation, treatment and/or end use have negatively impacted the environment. The society has unobserved the limits for the environment and is living with an undesirable pollution level, regarding the capacity of absorbing and recycling residues and materials. Due to these, there is a necessity of rethink the actual model of development adopted by the society. Regarding the global sustainability, the residue management needs to be planned in order to assure the surviving of future generation with life quality. By a theoretic analysis, this article objective is to evaluate the residue management of Campinas Metropolitan Region interference at the regional sustainable development. (author)

Utilização de medicamentos e fatores associados: um estudo de base populacional no Município de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil Use of medication and associated factors: a population-based study in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karen Sarmento Costa

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa a prevalência da utilização de medicamentos segundo variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas e de comportamentos relacionados à saúde, identificando fatores associados ao uso por meio de estudo transversal de base populacional, com 941 pessoas de 18 anos ou mais residentes em Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil. A amostragem foi realizada em múltiplos estágios, estratificada e por conglomerados. Utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado, foram estimadas as razões de prevalência ajustadas por sexo e idade e os respectivos IC95%. Desenvolveu-se modelo de regressão múltipla de Poisson ficando associados ao uso: sexo feminino, idade de 40 anos e mais, morbidade referida nos últimos 15 dias e número de doenças crônicas. Os medicamentos mais consumidos foram para os sistemas cardiovascular e nervoso, e os fitoterápicos. A prevalência de uso de medicamentos em Campinas encontrou-se inferior à maioria dos estudos. Por meio de inquéritos de saúde locais espera-se conhecer o perfil de uso dos medicamentos pela população e garantir intervenções mais direcionadas para a Política de Assistência Farmacêutica.This article analyzes prevalence rates in the use of medication according to demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related behavioral variables through a population-based cross-sectional study of individuals 18 years and older (n=941 in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil. The study used multistage sampling, both stratified and cluster. Chi-square test was performed, and adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated by gender and age, both with 95% confidence intervals. A Poisson multiple regression model was developed, and the following factors were associated with use of medication: female gender, age 40 and over, reported illness in the previous two weeks, and number of chronic diseases. The most widely consumed drugs were for the cardiovascular and nervous systems, besides herbal remedies. Prevalence of medication in

Organization of cervical cancer screening in Campinas and surrounding region, São Paulo State, Brazil Organização do rastreamento do câncer do colo uterino em Campinas e região, São Paulo, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luiz Carlos Zeferino

2006-09-01

Full Text Available Cervical cancer screening remains a challenge in developing countries due to a complex array of problems. This paper aimed to describe the experience with organization of cervical cancer screening in three districts of Campinas and the surrounding region in São Paulo State, Brazil, and to report the resulting data. The program was organized in a pyramid format, and the health care hierarchy was defined according to the complexity and total number of medical procedures. Screening has been extended currently to 88 municipalities, of which 51 are equipped with colposcopy and eight have facilities for treating advanced cervical cancer. The standardized incidence rate for cervical cancer in Campinas was 14.2/100,000 women per year in 1993-1995, and the standardized mortality rate per district ranged from 2.7 to 3.0 per 100,000 women in 1997-1998. This project has clearly shown that hierarchical and decentralized organization of health procedures is a necessary condition for achieving the goals of an effective cervical cancer screening program.O programa de rastreamento do câncer do colo uterino ainda é um desafio para os países em desenvolvimento devido a uma série complexa de problemas. Este estudo objetivou descrever a experiência adquirida com a organização e mostrar alguns dados sobre o rastreamento deste câncer em três distritos de Campinas e região, São Paulo, Brasil. A hierarquia das ações de saúde foi estabelecida de acordo com a complexidade dos procedimentos e do total destes procedimentos que precisavam ser realizados. Atualmente, o rastreamento se estende a 88 municípios, dos quais 51 realizam colposcopia e oito têm serviços para tratar câncer avançado do colo uterino. A taxa de incidência ajustada em Campinas foi de 14,2/100 mil mulheres por ano em 1993-1995, e a taxa de mortalidade ajustada por distrito variou entre 2,7 e 3,0 por 100 mil mulheres em 1997-1998. De acordo com a experiência adquirida, a organiza

ERASURES AND AFFECTIONS: photographies and Geography lessons in the outskirts of Campinas city

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexsandro Sgobin

2013-12-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses practical lesson in schools on the outskirts of Campinas, with intensive use of digital photographs that are transformed into computer (suffer "erasure". The intent of these images is to provoke thought in search of new ways of looking at the geographical space where these young students living: slums of the city. From the "mental maps" that they already have (maps constructed from the daily experiences in these neighborhoods, we seek a "dating" between these mental maps and “common geography”, resulting perhaps in more unusual geographies. RESUMO: Este texto trata de práticas de aula de Geografia em escolas da periferia de Campinas, com o uso intensivo de fotografias digitais que foram “rasuradas” em computador a partir de programas de edição de imagens. A intenção destas imagens “rasuradas” é de provocar o pensamento, em busca de novas formas de mirar o espaço geográfico, onde os jovens alunos participantes das experiências vivem: bairros pobres da cidade. A partir dos “mapas mentais” que eles já possuem, mapas construídos a partir das vivências cotidianas nestes bairros, buscamos um namoro entre estes mapas mentais e a geografia “formal”, resultando, talvez, em geografias mais inusitadas.

A esquistossomose urbana e a heterogeneidade social e epidemiológica da população do município de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil Urban schistosomiasis and social and epidemiological heterogeneity in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Virgília L. C. de Lima

1995-03-01

Full Text Available Este estudo aborda as relações da esquistossomose com uma das características da urbanização intensa que vem sendo observada nos países de capitalismo tardio, que é a presença de um aglomerado de pessoas, vivendo nas periferias das cidades em precárias condições de vida. Foram estudados 610 casos autóctones notificados da endemia, no município de Campinas (situado a 98km da capital, correspondentes ao período de 1970 a 1990, por meio de suas fichas de notificação epidemiológica, visando avaliar as condições socioeconômicas dos portadores da doença. Constatou-se que a esquistossomose autóctone no município de Campinas apresenta distribuição mais heterogênea do que se poderia esperar com base nos estudos existentes sobre a endemia, em que ela é intimamente relacionada a condições precárias de saneamento básico e subsistência.This study deals with the relationship between schistosomiasis and urbanization, particularlv the urbanization process experienced by cities in dependent capitalist countries, with large groups of people in precarious living conditions. Six hundred and ten notified autochthonous cases in Campinas during the period from 1970 to 1990 are analyzed through notification files with regard to patients’ socio-economic conditions. Autochthonous cases of schistosomiasis were demonstrated as having a more heterogeneous geographical distribution within the urban area than could be inferred from previous studies that correlate the occurence of transmission with precarious sanitary conditions.

A urbanização da leishmaniose tegumentar americana no município de Campinas - São Paulo (SP e região: magnitude do problema e desafios Urbanization of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Campinas - Sao Paulo (SP and region: problems and challenges

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lúcia Mensato Rebello da Silva

2007-12-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTOS - A leishmaniose tegumentar americana ocupa o segundo lugar entre as protozoonoses por vetores no Brasil. OBJETIVOS - Descrever a distribuição da doença na macrorregião de Campinas-SP e identificar as principais dificuldades em sua prevenção. MÉTODOS - A área estudada abrange 42 municípios. Os dados foram coletados no Sistema Nacional de Agravos e de Notificação do Grupo de Vigilância Epidemiológica, de 1998 a 2004, da Superintendência de Controle de Endemias, do Centro de Zoonoses e foi feita revisão da literatura. RESULTADOS - Foram registrados 458 casos, de caráter endêmico e com maior ocorrência em Campinas e Jundiaí. A doença predominava na área urbana (57%, no sexo masculino (62% e acometia todas as faixas etárias. As espécies vetoras encontradas foram Lutzomyia intermedia sl, L. neivai, L. migonei, L. whitmani, L. fisheri, e L. pessoai. CONCLUSÕES - A leishmaniose tegumentar está distribuída amplamente na região (81% dos municípios estudados e predominava na área urbana (57%. As dificuldades encontradas em seu controle foram a crescente adaptação do vetor ao peridomicílio, a multiplicidade dos fatores envolvidos na transmissão e a resposta insuficiente às medidas de controle atuais. O acompanhamento do ambiente e da doença, o diagnóstico e o tratamento precoces, a notificação compulsória e o seguimento dos casos, além de investimento em pesquisas, campanhas e ações diretas junto aos pacientes são importantes para o controle da doença.BACKGROUND - American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL is ranked second among vector-transmitted zoonoses in Brazil. OBJECTIVES - This paper aims at verifying the distribution of this disease in Campinas-SP and surrounding region and to identify the main difficulties for preventive actions to this illness. METHODS - The Campinas area encloses 42 counties. Data from 1998 to 2004 were collected from the National System of Injuries and Notification in Campinas

Implicações biogeográficas de novos registros ornitológicos em um enclave de vegetação de campina no sudoeste da Amazônia brasileira Biogeographic implications of new avian records from a patch of white-sand forest in southwestern Brazilian Amazonia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabíola Poletto

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Campinas constituem um tipo florestal de porte arbóreo reduzido e aspecto geral aberto, que cresce em solos arenosos e lixiviados de toda a Amazônia; apesar de sua ampla distribuição, campinas ocorrem predominantemente nas regiões do alto e médio rio Negro, no noroeste do Amazonas e sul de Roraima, incluindo também o sul da Venezuela e o sudeste da Colômbia. Existem pequenas manchas isoladas de campinas no sudoeste da Amazônia brasileira que ainda não foram estudadas sistematicamente por ornitólogos; portanto, são reportados aqui alguns resultados importantes obtidos durante uma expedição ornitológica a uma mancha de campina no extremo sudoeste do estado do Amazonas (7º22'33,2"S e 73º00'42,5"W. Foram documentados para região os primeiros registros das seguintes espécies: Hemitriccus striaticollis (Lafresnaye, 1853 (Aves, Tyrannidae e Xenopipo atronitens Cabanis, 1847 (Aves, Pipridae; adicionalmente, foram obtidos registros com as seguintes espécies raras ou de distribuição pouco conhecida no sudoeste da Amazônia: Formicivora grisea (Boddaert, 1783 (Aves, Thamnophilidae, Conopias parvus (Pelzeln, 1868 (Aves, Tyrannidae e Heterocercus linteatus (Strickland, 1850 (Aves, Pipridae. Como verificado em manchas de campina distribuídas por todo o norte do Peru, a avifauna de campina que ocorre no sudoeste da Amazônia brasileira é também altamente influenciada por espécies associadas à região do alto rio Negro. Entretanto, uma segunda influência biogeográfica também pôde ser notada: aquela de espécies cujo centro de distribuição está localizado nas campinas do centro e leste da Amazônia, ao sul do rio Amazonas. A avifauna das campinas do sudoeste da Amazônia ainda é pouco conhecida; futuros levantamentos de enclaves de campina nesta região podem levar a novas extensões de distribuição e também à descoberta de novos táxons.White-sand forests (WSF hereafter include several types of stunted and open forest

Rare earth elements and uranium in groundwater under influence of distinct aquifers in Campinas, SP, Brazil; Elementos terras raras e uranio em aguas subterraneas sob influencia de aquiferos distintos em Campinas (SP)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bulia, Isabella Longhi; Enzweiler, Jacinta, E-mail: isabellalonghi@ige.unicamp.br, E-mail: jacinta@ige.unicamp.br [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), SP (Brazil). Instituto de Geociencias

2015-07-01

The composition of groundwaters results mainly from water-rock reactions within aquifers. Among the various constituents of water, the rare earth elements (REE) and uranium can serve as tracers of geochemical processes and hydrological flow paths. The main objective of this study was to associate the chemical composition of groundwaters extracted from three distinct aquifer systems (crystalline, diabase and sedimentary) with that of the respective hosts rocks. The area of the study is located at the campus of University of Campinas (Campinas, SP). Samples of groundwater collected from four tubular wells were used to determine physicochemical parameters, major ions and trace elements, including the REE. The results confirm that the water of two wells (IMECC and IB) is predominantly influenced by the crystalline and diabase aquifers, while the other two (GM and FEF) by the sedimentary aquifer. Both the individual and normalized REE values of the four wells are distinct from each other, pointing to the heterogeneity of the local geology. The uranium concentration in the water of one well (GM) exceeded the guideline value for this element in drinking water. The U probably results from the oxidative dissolution of U-bearing phases in the sedimentary aquifer. However, the hydrochemical modeling indicated Ca{sub 2}UO{sub 2}(CO{sub 3}){sub 3} and CaUO{sub 2}(CO{sub 3}){sub 2}{sup 2-} as the major U dissolved species, which are considered non-toxic and non-bioavailable according to literature data. (author)

Detecção de riquétsias em carrapatos do gênero Amblyomma (Acari: Ixodidae coletados em parque urbano do município de Campinas, SP Rickettsiae detection in Amblyomma ticks (Acari: Ixodidae collected in the urban area of Campinas city, SP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dora Amparo Estrada

2006-02-01

Full Text Available O Município de Campinas situa-se em região endêmica para febre maculosa brasileira do Estado de São Paulo, onde vários casos desta doença vem ocorrendo. Capivaras têm sido associadas ao ciclo dessa riquetsiose por apresentarem sorologia positiva e serem hospedeiras de carrapatos Amblyomma spp principais vetores da doença. Carrapatos foram coletados no parque urbano do Lago do Café, Campinas, SP, local associado a casos humanos suspeitos de febre maculosa brasileira, sobre a vegetação e das capivaras ali presentes, e pesquisados quanto à presença de riquétsias pela reação em cadeia da polimerase e pelo teste de hemolinfa. Adultos de Amblyomma cajennense e Amblyomma cooperi albergavam Rickettsia bellii, não patogênica, identificada pela análise das seqüências de nucleotídeos do gene gltA, porém, não foram constatadas riquétsias do Grupo da Febre Maculosa. Estes resultados associados à ausência de um isolado de riquétsias do Grupo da Febre Maculosa de capivaras indicam que seu papel, enquanto reservatório, necessita de maior investigação.The city of Campinas is located in an endemic area for brazilian spotted fever in São Paulo State, where several cases have recently occurred. Capybaras have been associated with the cycle of this disease, for they present positive serology and serve as host for ticks of the genus Amblyomma, the main vectors of brazilian spotted fever. Ticks were colleted both from Capybaras and from the vegetation in the city park Lago do Café, located in the urban area of Campinas city, SP, a site associated with suspected human cases of brazilian spotted fever. The ticks collected were examinaded for the presence of rickettsiae using polymerase chain reaction and the haemolymph test. Through analysis of the gene gltA nucleotide sequence, adults of Amblyomma cajennense and Amblyomma cooperi were found to be infected with the non pathogenic Rickettsia bellii. However, no rickettsiae of the spotted

Geographic expression of AIDS epidemic in Campinas, Southeastern Brazil, between 1980 and 2005.

Science.gov (United States)

Stephan, Celso; Henn, Carlos Alberto; Donalisio, Maria Rita

2010-10-01

To analyze the spatial distribution of reported AIDS cases in adults and its association with living conditions in the city of Campinas, Southeastern Brazil. Data on AIDS cases in men (n=2,945) and women (n=1,230) aged more than 13 years and living in Campinas, recorded in the SINAN (Brazilian Information System for Notifiable Diseases), were used to map the spatial distribution of this disease and the male:female ratio. Maps were constructed for the following periods: from 1980 to 1995, from 1996 to 2000, and from 2001 to 2005. The variables included in the analysis were address, sex and age. A weighted composite index was used to study living and health conditions in the area. Patients' home addresses were geocoded on a cartographic base, after correction and standardization according to a reference database of streets. A generalized additive model was adjusted to analyze the spatial distribution of the ratio of male:female cases in space, in the three study periods. The ratio of male:female cases was higher in areas with better living conditions (central) and around the prison (northwestern), where families of prisoners and former prisoners live temporarily, while this ratio was lower in the city suburbs (southwestern). The trends towards the AIDS epidemic affecting more women and poorer individuals were confirmed by the decrease in the ratio of male:female cases in the period, particularly in vulnerable and impoverished populations. Geographic information systems and spatial data analysis can be useful for AIDS control and surveillance actions.

Prevalence of malocclusion in schoolchildren in the municipality of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cassiano Arashiro

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and types of malocclusion in schoolchildren in the municipality of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.Method: Six hundred and sixty schoolchildren at three schools in the municipality of Campinas were examined. The age bracket ranged from 6.5 up to18.1 years (mean ± s.d. = 12.2 ± 2.3 years The intraoral clinical exams were performed by four duly trained and calibrated dentists, consisted of visual inspection using only disposable wooden spatulas and millimetric probes, performed in rooms provided by the schools, with good conditions of visibility and natural lighting. The criteria adopted for classifying normal and malocclusion were those stipulated by Andrews1, Angle2 and Maia3. Results: The data obtained indicated that there was no statistically significant difference between the genders. Malocclusion was found in 87.4% of the schoolchildren examined, in agreement with the majority of Brazilian and International studies. Class I malocclusion was the most prevalent (39.7% among the schoolchildren examined, followed by Class II, with 36% of the cases, and there was higher prevalence of Class II division 1 (22.7% in comparison with Class II division 2 (13.3%. Class III malocclusion was present in 11.7% of the sample.Conclusion: There is high prevalence of malocclusion, irrespective of gender, in the studied population of schoolchildren. The most prevalent malocclusion was Class I, followed by Class I division 1.

Cotidiano de combate: imagens subvertidas em uma escola pública da cidade de Campinas

OpenAIRE

Sgobin,Alexsandro Aparecido

2013-01-01

Este texto procura descrever experiências realizadas em uma escola da periferia de Campinas, tendo como inspiração a pedagogia libertária, ou anarquista. Com a consciência de que a implantação da própria pedagogia libertária em escolas sob o comando do Estado e, portanto imersas em uma ideologia capitalista, é praticamente impossível sugerir práticas de aula que busquem "anarquismos": movimentos, pensares, amores, batalhas que movimentem o pensamento e abram linhas de fuga, tocando as pretens...

Avaliação da degradação das terras nas regiões oeste e norte da cidade de Campina Grande, PB: um estudo de caso Evaluation of land degradation in north and western regions of Campina Grande, PB: a case study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

João M. de Moraes Neto

2002-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se, com o presente trabalho, avaliar a degradação das terras nas regiões oeste e norte da cidade de Campina Grande, PB, cuja metodologia incluiu: processamento digital de imagem, interpretação visual e correlação com os dados de campo. Na análise digital utilizou-se o método de classificação supervisionada por Maximoverossimilhança (Maxver, cujos resultados se mostraram satisfatórios permitindo, assim, o mapeamento das principais áreas degradadas da região de estudo.The objective of the present work was to evaluate and characterize the land degradation in western and northern regions of Campina Grande, PB. Data were obtained through digital image processing, followed by visual interpretation of the digitally processed image and final field checking. The Gaussian Maximum Likelihood Classifier was used in digital analysis. The results of the classification showed to be satisfactory, allowing to map the main degraded areas of the studied region.

Mapeamento geomorfológico em escala de semidetalhe da região de Jundiaí-Atibaia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Celso Dal Ré Carneiro

2003-11-01

Full Text Available A região de Jundiaí-Atibaia, localizada a norte-noroeste da capital paulista, vem sendo submetida a forte processo de urbanização, que se estende sobre um substrato rochoso constituído de rochas foliadas e intemperizadas. A falta de dados mais pormenorizados sobre o relevo, unidades litológicas e estruturas tem gerado problemas de risco geológico, levando-se em conta certos padrões de ocupação, específicos e mais apropriados para as colinas paulistanas e vertentes suaves dos espigões urbanos de São Paulo. Esse contexto gera a necessidade de se dispor de uma cartografia adequada (mapas geológicos, geomorfológicos etc. para orientar o processo de ocupação. O mapa geomorfológico da área foi produzido com recursos de Sistemas de Informações Georreferenciadas (SIG, fotointerpretação e levantamentos de campo. Foram gerados Modelos Digitais de Terreno (MDTs, mapas de declividades e hipsométricos a partir de uma base planialtimétrica em meio digital, utilizando-se os software Arc/Info e Arc/View. Com base na textura de MDT, em tons de cinza, foram reconhecidos os padrões de forma de relevo e delimitados os contatos entre eles, levando-se em conta as quebras naturais do relevo (rupturas positivas, rupturas negativas e outras feições. A delimitação dos contatos foi, posteriormente, refinada e aferida por meio de fotos aéreas (1:25.000 e do mapa topográfico. Feições de erosão laminar, pequenas soleiras locais, reentalhamento de canais de primeira ordem e campos de matacões, observados em fotos aéreas, foram lançados, junto com os contatos, na cópia do mapa-base em papel, para digitalização. Organizou-se um banco de dados com informações georreferenciadas contendo descrições de campo sobre processos de ravinamento, escorregamentos e erosões, além de dados sobre formas do relevo e coberturas detríticas, para analisá-los em ambiente SIG e lançá-los no mapa final. O mapa geomorfológico digital resultante do

Rationalization of the electric power consumption by recycling of residential solid wastes from the formal and informal collection at the Campinas city, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Racionalizacao do consumo de energia eletrica com a reciclagem dos residuos solidos domiciliares provenientes da coleta formal e informal no municipio de Campinas - SP

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Streb, Cleci Schalemberger; Piunti, Regina Celia; Silva, Ennio Peres da; Barbosa, Sonia [Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica. Programa de Planejamento de Sistemas Energeticos]. E-mail: streb@fem.unicamp.br

2002-07-01

This paper evaluates the potential of residues collection in Campinas, SP, Brazil, taking into account the data of informal collection. The paper also estimates the role played by paper, glass, plastic and aluminium recycling, in terms of electric power use avoiding or saving.

Influências do "Projeto de Ensino Flora Fanerogâmica do Estado de São Paulo" na formação dos professores participantes em uma escola da cidade de Campinas

OpenAIRE

Lilian Pereira Cruz

2010-01-01

Resumo: O Projeto "Flora Fanerogamica do Estado de Sao Paulo" (FFESP) teve inicio em 1993, com o objetivo de estudar a vegetacao paulista. Em 1997, foi apresentado aos professores de duas escolas publicas de Ensino Fundamental: uma de Campinas e outra de Santos, e duas escolas, tambem publicas, de Ensino Medio: uma de Sao Carlos e outra de Sao Paulo. Em Campinas, o projeto foi desenvolvido com a participacao de professores das disciplinas de Ciencias, Portugues, Artes, Historia e Geografia em...

Situação da febre maculosa na Região Administrativa de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil Spotted fever in Campinas region, State of São Paulo, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Virgília Luna Castor de Lima

2003-02-01

Full Text Available A febre maculosa brasileira foi detectada pela primeira vez no Estado de São Paulo em 1929. No entanto, não há registro sistemático de casos neste Estado. Em 1985 ocorreram três casos desta doença no Município de Pedreira, situado na região de Campinas, que fica no nordeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, correspondendo à 5ª Região Administrativa, e compreendendo 88 municípios. Alguns estudos foram realizados no Município de Pedreira, mas a falta de registro de casos foi um obstáculo encontrado. Com a finalidade de recuperar o histórico da doença, resolveu-se pesquisar e registrar as ocorrências de febre maculosa na região no período de 1985 a 2000 e analisar o seu comportamento. Foram recuperados todos os registros da doença nos diversos serviços de saúde pública. Observou-se uma ampliação da área de transmissão e a ocorrência de um aumento dos casos suspeitos a partir de 1996, ano em que a doença foi determinada como de notificação compulsória na região. Esta doença foi causa de óbito na maioria dos anos do período de estudo. Conclui-se que a febre maculosa está em ascensão na região e estudos bioecológicos complementares estão sendo desenvolvidos para melhor compreensão da epidemiologia dessa doença, que é mundialmente reconhecida como um problema emergente de saúde pública.Brazilian spotted fever was detected for the first time in the State of São Paulo in 1929. However, there is no systematic reporting of the disease in the State. In 1985, three cases of the disease occurred in the municipality of Pedreira, located in the Campinas Region, belonging to the 5th Administrative Region, in the Northeast part of the State, including 88 municipalities. An investigation was conducted at the time, but the lack of case registry limited its scope. The present study was undertaken with the aim of recovering the history of the disease in the Region. Data recovered from several public health services for

SURVEY OF DEOXYNIVALENOL, DIACETOXYSCIRPENOL, AND T2 TOXIN IN POPCORN HYBRIDS PLANTED IN THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO AND IN POPCORN COMMERCIALIZED IN THE CITY OF CAMPINAS, SP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

OLIVEIRA Adriana de Queiroz

2001-01-01

Full Text Available The incidence of the trichothecenes deoxynivalenol (DON, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS, and T2 toxin (T2 in popcorn was investigated in 90 samples, belonging to 2 commercial and 28 experimental hybrids planted at experimental stations of the Agronomic Institute of Campinas at the locations of Campinas, Mococa, and Capão Bonito, and in 15 samples of popcorn, 9 branded and 6 unbranded, acquired from commercial outlets in the city of Campinas, SP. The samples were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector combined with an alumina:carbon cleanup column. The detection limits were 30ng/g for DON, 50ng/g for DAS, and 40ng/g for T2. Five samples were contaminated with DON, four of them commercial and one from an experimental cultivar. The level of contamination in the commercial samples ranged from 30 to 40ng/g. The sample from the experimental cultivar contained 770ng/g DON. DAS and T2 were not detected in any of the popcorn samples analyzed.

Hygienic-sanitary conditions of vegetables and irrigation water from kitchen gardens in the municipality of Campinas, SP

OpenAIRE

Simões,Marise; Pisani,Beatriz; Marques,Eneida Gonçalves Lemes; Prandi,Maria Angela Garnica; Martini,Maria Helena; Chiarini,Paulo Flávio Teixeira; Antunes,José Leopoldo Ferreira; Nogueira,Ana Paula

2001-01-01

We examined samples of irrigation water and vegetables from kitchen gardens in Campinas, Brazil. The bacterial analysis condemned 22.3% of the vegetable samples, and the parasitological examination condemned 14.5%. The criteria established by the Brazilian legislation condemned 11.8% of the irrigation water samples. Parasites were significantly more frequent in vegetables in the rainy season, while excessive fecal coliforms were more frequent in the dry season. A proper monitoring of the irri...

Melhoramento do cafeeiro: XXII - Resultados obtidos no ensaio de seleções regionais de campinas Coffee breeding: XXII - Results from the regional coffee selection trial from campinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Carvalho

1961-01-01

Full Text Available A. seleção de plantas matrizes e estudo de suas progênies vêm sendo realizadas em cinco localidades do Estado de São Paulo. A fim de averiguar, simultaneamente, o comportamento geral das melhores progênies nessas localidades, plantaram-se, em 1951, cinco ensaios de seleções regionais, em Campinas, Ribeirão Prêto, Pindorama, Mooca e Jaú. Aqui são apresentados e discutidos os dados referentes a Campinas. O ensaio compreende 100 progênies pertencentes aos cultivares 'Mundo Novo', 'Bourbon Amarelo', 'Bourbon Vermelho', 'Caturra Amarelo', 'Caturra Vermelho' e 'Sumatra', havendo para cada grupo, uma ou mais testemunhas, sem seleção. A variedade typica foi tomada como testemunha geral. Analisaram-se as dados referentes ao vigor vegetativo, à altura das plantas e ao diâmetro da copa, à produção de café cereja e de beneficiado, tipos, tamanho, peso e densidade das sementes e .sintomas de deficiências de zinco e queima das folhas devido à baixa temperatura. As progênies de 'Mundo Novo', 'Bourbon Amarelo' e 'Bourbon Vermelho', apresentaram níveis diferentes de produtividade. A produção total média das progênies do café 'Mundo Novo', no período 1954 a 1959, foi de 9,81 kg de café beneficiado por canteiro (uma cova com quatro plantas enquanto que a do 'Bourbon Amarelo', foi de 8,33 kg e, a do 'Bourbon Vermelho', de 6,39 kg. A produção média do 'Caturra Vermelho' mostrou-se semelhante à do 'Bourbon Vermelho', de 6,29 kg, enquanto a do 'Caturra Amarelo' foi maior, de 7,20 kg. A análise feita pelo contraste das médias indicou diferenças significativas a favor do grupo 'Mundo Novo'. Neste grupo tôdas as progênies selecionadas produziram mais do que a média das suas testemunhas, sem qualquer melhoramento, indicando efeito altamente significativo da seleção No grupo 'Bourbon Amarelo' 6 progênies (46% deram produção maior do que a média das testemunhas e, no 'Bourbon Vermelho', apenas 7 (13% mostraram-se mais

Lean Office in health military organizations: case study in the health center of Campinas

OpenAIRE

Seraphim, Everton Cesar; Silva, Íris Bento da; Agostinho, Osvaldo Luis

2010-01-01

O presente artigo apresenta uma aplicação dos conceitos de escritório enxuto no nível institucional na área da prestação de serviços, particularmente no segmento de saúde. Dessa forma será apresentado o caso do posto médico militar da guarnição de Campinas, estado de São Paulo, o qual é subordinado ao Comando da 11ª Brigada de Infantaria Leve. Para tanto será mostrado inicialmente um panorama da organização e sua situação gerencial, destacando-se os conflitos existentes. Na sequência será vis...

Expressão geográfica da epidemia de Aids em Campinas, São Paulo, de 1980 a 2005 Expresión geográfica de la epidemia de Sida en Campinas, Sureste de Brasil, de 1980 a 2005 Geographic expression of AIDS epidemic in Campinas, Southeastern Brazil, between 1980 and 2005

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Celso Stephan

2010-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a distribuição espacial dos casos notificados de Aids em adultos e sua relação com as condições de vida no município de Campinas, SP. MÉTODOS: Dados sobre Aids em homens (n = 2.945 e mulheres (n = 1.230 acima de 13 anos de idade, moradores de Campinas e notificados no Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação foram utilizados para mapear a distribuição espacial da doença e a relação de masculinidade. Foram construídos mapas para os períodos de 1980 a 1995, de 1996 a 2000 e de 2001 a 2005. As variáveis incluídas na análise foram: endereço, sexo e idade. Foi utilizado indicador composto ponderado para estudar as condições de vida e saúde no território. Os endereços de moradia dos pacientes foram geocodificados em base cartográfica, após correção e padronização na base de arruamento. Foi ajustado modelo aditivo generalizado para analisar a distribuição espacial da razão de casos homem/mulher no espaço, nos três períodos do estudo. RESULTADOS: A razão de casos homem/mulher foi maior nas regiões de melhores condições de vida (central e no entorno do presídio (noroeste, onde se estabelecem provisoriamente famílias de detentos e ex-detentos, enquanto essa razão foi menor em bairros da periferia da cidade (sudoeste. CONCLUSÕES: As tendências de feminização e pauperização da epidemia da Aids se confirmam diante da diminuição da razão de casos homens/mulheres no período, particularmente nas populações vulneráveis e empobrecidas. Sistemas de informações geográficas e análise espacial de dados podem ser úteis às ações de vigilância e controle da epidemia de Aids.OBJETIVO: Analizar la distribución espacial de los casos notificados de Sida en adultos y su relación con las condiciones de vida en el municipio de Campinas, Sureste de Brasil. MÉTODOS: Datos sobre Sida en hombres (n=2.945 y mujeres (n=1.230 encima de 13 años de edad, y residenciados en Campinas y notificados

MALFORMAÇÕES CONGÊNITAS E FATORES DE RISCO MATERNO EM CAMPINA GRANDE - PARAÍBA

OpenAIRE

Virgínia Rossana de Sousa Brito; Francisco Stélio de Sousa; Francisco Henrique Gadelha; Rafaella Queiroga Souto; Ana Raquel de Figueiredo Rego; Inacia Sátiro Xavier de França

2010-01-01

n el siguiente artículo se realiza un estudio para verificar el predominio de niños nacidos con malformaciones congénitas en las maternidades de Campina Grande–PB y los factores de riesgo asociados. Los datos recolectados se refieren a tres cen- tros maternos a través de las Declaraciones de Nacido Vivo — DNV emitidos en el período del 2003 al 2005. La asociación entre los tipos de malformaciones y las variables fue avalorada por el Chi-cuadrado y las Odds Ratio, fueron calculadas para cada v...

Evaluation of Cases of Abdominal Wall Endometriosis at Universidade Estadual de Campinas in a period of 10 Years

OpenAIRE

Yela, Daniela Angerame; Trigo, Lucas; Benetti-Pinto, Cristina Laguna

2017-01-01

Abstract Purpose To determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE), as well as the rate and recurrence factors for the disease. Methods A retrospective study of 52 women with AWE was performed at Universidade Estadual de Campinas from 2004 to 2014. Of the 231 surgeries performed for the diagnosis of endometriosis, 52 women were found to have abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE). The frequencies, means and standard deviations of the clinical ...

Lean Office em organizações militares de saúde: estudo de caso do Posto Médico da Guarnição Militar de Campinas Lean Office in health military organizations: case study in the health center of Campinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Everton Cesar Seraphim

2010-01-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo apresenta uma aplicação dos conceitos de escritório enxuto no nível institucional na área da prestação de serviços, particularmente no segmento de saúde. Dessa forma será apresentado o caso do posto médico militar da guarnição de Campinas, estado de São Paulo, o qual é subordinado ao Comando da 11ª Brigada de Infantaria Leve. Para tanto será mostrado inicialmente um panorama da organização e sua situação gerencial, destacando-se os conflitos existentes. Na sequência será vista a metodologia de Lean Office (Escritório Enxuto aplicada à solução dos problemas e os resultados obtidos.This article presents an aplication of the concepts of lean office at the institutional level in the area of services, particularly in the segment of health. Thus, the case study is the Military Treatment Facility in Campinas, state of São Paulo, which is subordinate to the Command of 11th Light Infantry Brigade. Firstly, an organizational and managerial chart is presented highlighting the existing conflicts. Next, the lean office methodology applied to the solution of those problems and the results obtained are presented.

Human toxocariasis: incidence among residents in the outskirts of Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anaruma Filho Francisco

2003-01-01

Full Text Available With the aim of estimating the incidence of infection by Toxocara among residents in the outskirts of Campinas (State of São Paulo, Brazil two serological surveys, using ELISA anti-Toxocara tests, were performed in January 1999 and January 2000, involving, respectively, 138 and 115 individuals, 75 of which examined in both occasions. Among this group 67 individuals did not show the presence of anti-Toxocara antibodies in 1999, and 12 presented seroconversion in the second survey, revealing an annual incidence rate of 17.9%.

Vegetative growth and yield of strawberry under irrigation and soil mulches for different cultivation environments

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pires Regina Célia de Matos

2006-01-01

Full Text Available The vegetative growth and yield of strawberry in relation to irrigation levels and soil mulches are still not well known, mainly for different environmental conditions. Two experiments were carried out in Atibaia, SP, Brazil, during 1995, one in a protected environment and the other in an open field, to evaluate the cultivar Campinas IAC-2712, under different irrigation levels and soil mulches (black and clear polyethylene. Three water potential levels in the soil were used in order to define irrigation time, corresponding to -0.010 (N1, -0.035 (N2, and -0.070 (N3 MPa, measured through tensiometers installed at the 10 cm depth. A 2 x 3 factorial arrangement was adopted, as randomized complete block, with 5 replicates. In the protected cultivation, the irrigation levels of -0.010 and -0.035 MPa and the clear plastic mulch favored the vegetative growth, evaluated through plant height, maximum horizontal dimension of the plant, leaf area index, as well as by total marketable fruit yield and its components (mean number and weight of fruits per plant. In the open field cultivation, no effect of treatments due to rainfall were observed.

118 anos de dados mensais do Índice Padronizado de Precipitação: série meteorológica de Campinas, estado de São Paulo 118 years of monthly Standardized Precipitation Index data: meteorological series of Campinas, state of São Paulo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriel Constantino Blain

2011-03-01

Full Text Available O Índice Padronizado de Precipitação (SPI é utilizado em programas estaduais e nacionais no monitoramento das condições de seca de diversas regiões brasileiras. Com base na hipótese de que a análise de longas séries temporais do SPI pode auxiliar a adoção de políticas de mitigação e combate a essa anomalia climática, o objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar a variabilidade do SPI mensal, na localidade de Campinas-SP, entre os anos de 1890 a 2007. Por meio de análises espectrais e testes não paramétricos verificou-se uma variabilidade na escala de três a quatro anos. Contudo, não foi possível observar marcante influência do fenômeno El Niño/Oscilação Sul nas condições mensais de variabilidade climática na localidade de Campinas. Com respeito à tendência de longo prazo, enquanto uma tendência de intensificação nas condições de déficit de precipitação pluvial foi detectada em agosto, nos demais meses não houve alterações significativas. Sob o ponto de vista acadêmico o tratamento probabilístico e padronizado dos déficits/excesso de precipitação pluvial empregado no cálculo do SPI, o torna um interessante índice alternativo na investigação de forçantes climáticas condicionantes/moduladoras do clima de determinada região.The Standard Precipitation Index (SPI is used in state and national monitoring programs of the drought conditions in several Brazilian regions. Based on the hypothesis that the analysis of long term SPI time series might help on the adoption of policies of mitigation and facing climate anomalies, this work aims to analyze the variability of monthly SPI, in Campinas (SP during the years from 1890 to 2007. From spectral analyses and non-parametric tests, a variability of three to four years scale was noted for this index. However, a remarkable influence of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation on the variability of monthly climate conditions in Campinas was not seen. Concerning the long

Hygienic-sanitary conditions of vegetables and irrigation water from kitchen gardens in the municipality of Campinas, SP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Simões Marise

2001-01-01

Full Text Available We examined samples of irrigation water and vegetables from kitchen gardens in Campinas, Brazil. The bacterial analysis condemned 22.3% of the vegetable samples, and the parasitological examination condemned 14.5%. The criteria established by the Brazilian legislation condemned 11.8% of the irrigation water samples. Parasites were significantly more frequent in vegetables in the rainy season, while excessive fecal coliforms were more frequent in the dry season. A proper monitoring of the irrigation water supply is important to avoid the contamination of vegetables.

Spatial distribution of scorpions according to the socioeconomic conditions in Campina Grande,State of Paraíba, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Thassiany Sarmento Oliveira de Almeida

Full Text Available Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Due to its frequency and morbidity, such as that caused by scorpions have achieved public health importance in certain regions of the world. The present exploratory ecological study aimed to characterize the epidemiological profile and spatial distribution of scorpion stings in Campina Grande, State of Paraíba in Northeastern Brazil. METHODS: Geographical information system techniques were used to record the scorpion stings, and Google Earth software, Track Maker, and ArcGIS 10 Esri were used as geocoding databases. The Moran test was used to evaluate spatial correlation, and the Pearson chi-square test was used to analyze associations between scorpion stings and socioeconomic variables. RESULTS: The study evaluated 1,466 scorpion stings. Envenomations were more frequent among women (n = 908, 61.9%, and most patients were aged 13-28 years (n = 428, 29.2%. The Southern region of the city had the largest number of registered cases (n = 548, 37.4%, followed by the Western region (n = 510, 34.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Spatial analysis of scorpionism revealed an irregular occurrence in Campina Grande. Further, no association was observed between the socioeconomic factors analyzed and the geographic location of the scorpion envenomations. Detection of spatial areas with an increased risk of scorpionism can help prioritize adoption of preventive measures in these regions to reduce the associated incidence and morbidity.

Excesso de peso, atividade física e hábitos alimentares entre adolescentes de diferentes classes econômicas em Campina Grande (PB Overweight, physical activity and foods habits in adolescents from different economic levels, Campina Grande (PB

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marília Medeiros de Araújo Nunes

2007-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Comparar a freqüência de sobrepeso e obesidade, hábitos alimentares e de estilo de vida, entre adolescentes de diferentes condições econômicas. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 588 adolescentes, alunos de uma escola pública ou privada na cidade de Campina Grande/PB, pertencentes a classes econômicas diferentes, pelos critérios da Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa. Foram calculados o índice de massa corpórea (IMC > p85 = excesso de peso e > p95 = obesidade, aplicado um questionário para avaliar atividade física de lazer, horas gastas assistindo a TV e hábitos alimentares. RESULTADOS: Foi observado um maior número de adolescentes com sobrepeso / obesidade nas classes econômicas A¹, A² e B¹ do que nas classes C, D e E; 93/292 (31,4% versus 53/296 (18,1%; pOBJECTIVE: To compare overweight and obesity, eating habits and life style among adolescents from different economic levels. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was undertaken with 588 adolescents from a public and a private school in Campina Grande, PB. They belonged to economic levels A¹, A² and B¹(292 and C, D and E (296, according to the Brazilian Criteria of Economic Classification of the Brazilian Association of Research Iistitutes. Height and body weight were measured and Body Mass Index (BMI was calculated; > p85 = overweight and > p95 = obesity. A questionnaire for assessment of leisure time, physical activity, time spent watching TV and eating habits was administered. RESULTS: Overweight and obesity were more common in the higher economic level than in the lower economic one; 31.4% versus 18.1% ; p < 0.001. Leisure time for physical activity was more present in adolescents with A¹, A² e B¹ economic status. Watching TVdisclosed no difference between the two economic levels surveyed. Daily consumption of softs drinks, sweets and salty snacks were more common in the higher economic level but this was not associated with obesity

Condomínios industriais e empresariais no Brasil. A indústria automobilística e os novos espaços produtivos em Campinas (SP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Auro Aparecido Mendes

2014-06-01

Full Text Available INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS PARKS IN BRAZIL. THE AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY AND NEW PRODUCTIVITY SPACES IN THE REGION OF CAMPINAS (STATE OF SÃO PAULO. The production system has been globalized with dynamic or competitive comparative advantages, generating new working and production relationships. Industrial parks with technical, logistical and service capabilities have enabled, in fairly creative ways, the integration between different companies or economic activity sectors, which used to be geographically dispersed. The new productivity space is increasingly connected, articulated and integrated, and it currently plays an essential role for the operation of industries and creative activities. This paper aims to show the importance of the industrial and business parks in Brazil, their types and how the general conditions for the production and reproduction of capital occur notably in the metropolitan region of Campinas (a city of São Paulo State - Brazil, which has been a pioneer in the deployment and concentration of economic activities in such productive spaces.

Podridão peduncular e qualidade de mangas 'Tommy atkins' procedentes do mercado atacadista de Campina Grande-PB Stalk rot and quality of 'Tommy atkins' mangos from the wholesale market of Campina Grande-PB, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Erbs Cintra de Souza Gomes

2010-12-01

Full Text Available O Brasil destaca-se no cenário mundial como um dos maiores produtores de manga (Mangifera indica L.. No entanto, perdas significativas são observadas em todas as etapas da cadeia produtiva, sobretudo na comercialização varejista, sendo estas correlacionadas em quase sua totalidade à incidência de doenças fúngicas. Neste sentido, objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar a incidência natural de Lasiodiplodia theobromae, agente causal da podridão peduncular, e aspectos da qualidade pós-colheita de mangas 'Tommy Atkins', comercializadas no mercado atacadista da Empresa Paraibana de Abastecimento e Serviços Agrícolas (EMPASA de Campina Grande-PB. Para a determinação da incidência natural da doença, coletaram-se 40 frutos no estádio de maturação 'de vez', de quatro diferentes estabelecimentos de comercialização, que foram encaminhados ao Laboratório de Fitopatologia (CCA/UFPB. Após sanificação, os frutos foram mantidos sob condições ambientes (28 ± 2 ºC e UR 75 ± 6% por oito dias, determinando-se o aparecimento dos primeiros sintomas e sinais do patógeno. As características de qualidade foram determinadas através da coleta de 10 frutos de cada estabelecimento de comercialização da EMPASA. Os frutos foram transportados ao Laboratório de Biologia e Tecnologia Pós-Colheita (CCA/UFPB, onde foram avaliados quanto aos teores de Sólidos Solúveis (SS, Acidez Titulável (AT, Relação SS/AT e pH. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, e as médias, comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. A manga comercializada no mercado atacadista da EMPASA de Campina Grande apresentou baixo conteúdo de SS e elevada AT, caracterizando fruto no início da maturação. Os frutos apresentaram 88,9% de incidência natural de podridão peduncular no oitavo dia de armazenamento, o que compromete a qualidade do produto no varejo, constituindo-se em uma causa das elevadas perdas pós-colheita.Brazil stands out as

Water levels and soil mulches in relation to strawberry diseases an yield in a greenhouse Irrigação e cobertura do solo em relação à sanidade e produtividade do morangueiro sob estufa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Regina Célia de Matos Pires

2007-12-01

Full Text Available The occurrence of diseases and its influence on strawberry yield in a greenhouse as well as its association with water management are still not well known. So, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of different water levels and soil mulches on strawberry plant health and yield in a greenhouse. The experiment was carried out at Atibaia, State of São Paulo, Brazil, from April to December 1995. The experimental design was a 2 × 3 factorial, in randomized blocks, with five replications, and consisted of two soil mulches and three water levels. The soil mulches consisted of clear or black plastic. Trickle irrigation was applied whenever the soil water potential reached -10, -35 and -70 kPa at a depth of ten centimeters. Cultivar Campinas IAC 2712 was used. Plants grown at a soil water potential of -10 and -35 kPa, with clear plastic mulch provided the best yields. A linear function fitted well considering total yield data and irrigation depths. The equation was y = -233.54 + 1.56x (R² = 0.78. The irrigation level of -70 kPa and the use of black plastic favored a greater incidence of soil-borne diseases late in the harvest season.A influência de doenças na produtividade do morangueiro cultivado em estufa, bem como sua associação com o manejo da irrigação é pouco conhecida. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de água e coberturas do solo na sanidade e produtividade do morangueiro, sob ambiente protegido. O experimento foi realizado em Atibaia, estado de São Paulo, Brasil, de abril a dezembro de 1995. O delineamento utilizado foi o fatorial 2 × 3, em blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições, sendo estudados duas coberturas do solo (plástico transparente e preto e três níveis de água. A irrigação, por gotejamento, foi aplicada quando o potencial de água no solo alcançava -10, -35 e -70 kPa à profundidade de dez centímetros. A cultivar utilizada foi a Campinas IAC 2712

Acidentes de trânsito: uma visão qualitativa no Município de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcos S. Queiroz

2002-10-01

Full Text Available Este artigo focaliza, numa perspectiva interdisciplinar qualitativa, o problema de acidentes de trânsito no Município de Campinas. Ele começa analisando o processo de municipalização do transporte e trânsito no município, com base nas representações sociais de técnicos da Secretaria Municipal de Transporte. Alguns números são trazidos à tona para mostrar uma queda significativa de mortes no trânsito em Campinas nos últimos dez anos. Esses números demonstram que as políticas públicas implementadas nesse setor têm sido positivas em vários aspectos. Atenção especial é dada aos objetivos, estratégias e obstáculos encontrados pelo poder local no processo de municipalização do trânsito. O artigo conclui enfatizando que, além da municipalização, o Estado necessita implementar políticas públicas específicas consistentes, principalmente aquelas voltadas à revitalização do transporte coletivo e a programas de educação no trânsito, a fim de se poder avançar no controle do problema.

The first canine visceral leishmaniasis outbreak in Campinas, State of São Paulo Southeastern Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrea Paula Bruno von Zuben

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Introduction Early detection of American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL outbreak in animals is crucial for controlling this disease in non-endemic areas. Methods Epidemiological surveillance (2009-2012 was performed in Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Results In 2009, Leishmania chagasi was positively identified in four dogs. Entomological research and three serological studies (2010-2012 were undertaken as monitoring measures; these approaches revealed a moderate prevalence of Leishmania present in 4% of the canine population. Nyssomyia whitmani and Lutzomyia longipalpis were the predominant species identified. Conclusions Detection of an AVL outbreak in dogs in an area with an evolving natural landscape containing sand flies is crucial for control programs.

Energetic use of embankment biogas as an option for reducing the emission of greenhouse effect gases - case study at Campinas - SP - Brazil; Uso energetico do biogas de aterro como opcao para reducao da emissao de gases de efeito estufa. Estudo de caso em Campinas, SP

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ensinas, Adriano Viana; Bizzo, Waldir Antonio; Sanchez, Caio Glauco [Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica]. E-mails: adrianov@fem.unicamp.br; bizzo@fem.unicamp.br; caio@fem.unicamp.br

2004-07-01

This paper evaluates the electric power generation potential of an embankment from the generated bio gas, therefore reducing the aggravation of the greenhouse. For that purpose data from a case study on the Delta de Campinas - Sao Paulo, BR - embankment had been used, by adopting a theoretical methodology from the literature for future emissions forecasting. Also, a scheme have been proposed of a possible project for the embankment aiming electric power generation with the objective of greenhouse effect reduction.

Solos e vegetação nativa remanescente no Município de Campinas Soil and native vegetation remnant in Campinas, SP, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ivan Carlos de Moraes Ferreira

2007-09-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar atributos e classes de solos associados à ocorrência de remanescentes de cerrado e de floresta nativa em Campinas, SP, e identificar espécies indicadoras desses ambientes. Vinte e sete fragmentos de vegetação nativa foram estudados. Foi realizada a caracterização morfológica, classificação e coleta do solo para análises, bem como o levantamento florístico-fitossociológico do estrato arbóreo. A análise de correspondência canônica identificou as variáveis mais bem correlacionadas com a distribuição das espécies e identificou 15 variáveis que explicaram 31% da variância nos dois primeiros eixos. A classificação dos solos discriminou as fitofisionomias estudadas, Argissolos associados às matas e Latossolos aos cerrados, indício de que baixa fertilidade, baixa retenção de água e drenagem acentuada do solo favorecem o estabelecimento de cerrado. Parâmetro "n" da curva de retenção de água, densidade, H+Al, Ca, Al, K e Mg trocáveis, macroporos e matéria orgânica do solo foram os atributos dos solos mais efetivos nessa diferenciação fitofisionômica. A barreira química imposta pelo excesso de Al e deficiência de Ca no horizonte B e a baixa retenção de água nos solos sob cerrado favorecem as espécies Luehea grandiflora, Persea willdenovii, Xylopia aromatica e Erythroxylum daphnites, abundantes e exclusivamente encontradas nos fragmentos de cerrado.The objective of this work was to identify soil attributes and classes associated to the occurrence of forest and tropical savannah remnants in Campinas, SP, Brazil. Twenty seven native vegetation fragments were studied. Soil morphological, chemical, and physical characterization were carried out, along with floristic-phytosociological survey of the tree stratum. Canonic correspondence analysis identified variables better correlated with plant species distribution. Fifteen environment variables explained 31% of the variance of

UMA ANÁLISE DO ARRANJO PRODUTIVO DO PÓLO INDUSTRIAL DE CALÇADOS DE CAMPINA GRANDE - PB

OpenAIRE

ROCHA, Noab Martins Carvalho

2003-01-01

O fenômeno da Globalização tem como característica básica a criação de mercados regionais e internacionais. Apoiado no progresso tecnológico, surge um novo Paradigma econômico que imprime um outro perfil às empresas e ao desenvolvimento regional. Este trabalho tem como finalidade realizar uma análise das características do arranjo produtivo de couro e calçados do município de Campina Grande no estado da Paraíba. O objetivo fundamental é formular um diagnóstico sobre a sua compe...

Caracterização sócio-econômica do município de Campina das Missões - RS

OpenAIRE

SCHMITT, Cleumara Maria; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; FIGUEIREDO, Vilma Dominga Monfardini; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria

2013-01-01

O município de Campina das Missões localiza-se na Região Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul e possui uma população total de aproximadamente 7.010 habitantes. Para abordar a caracterização sócio-econômica do município destacamos os seus três setores econômicos, ou seja, o Setor Primário, Secundário e Terciário.

Food and nutrition security in families with children under five years old in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba.

Science.gov (United States)

Pedraza, Dixis Figueroa; Gama, Jacqueline Santos da Fonsêca Almeida

2015-01-01

To estimate the prevalence and identify the socioeconomic risk factors for food insecurity in households with children under five years in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba. This cross-sectional study involved 793 families with children assisted in municipal day care centers in Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. Household socioeconomic variables were analyzed as the possible predictors of mild food insecurity and moderate/severe food insecurity. For the evaluation of food and nutrition security of households, the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale was used. Mild food insecurity was characterized in 37.6% of families, and moderate/severe food insecurity affected 31.6% of households. Regarding the household socioeconomic variables, none was associated with mild food insecurity. Meanwhile, the highest prevalence of moderate/severe food insecurity, when compared with reference categories, was present in households without water treatment for drinking purposes, with toilets that are not flushable and individual, with larger families, and without a refrigerator. Being a beneficiary, or not, of the social welfare program "Bolsa Familia" did not represent a factor associated with food insecurity. The results show high rates of food insecurity with the most severe degrees being related to factors dependent on the family purchasing power, indicating a major challenge for them.

Insomnia Symptoms, Daytime Naps And Physical Leisure Activities In The Elderly: FIBRA Study Campinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Natália Tonon Monteiro

2014-04-01

Full Text Available The practice of physical activities contributes to reducing the risk of chronic diseases and improves sleep patterns in the elderly. This research aimed to investigate the association between insomnia symptoms and daytime nap and the participation in physical leisure activities in elderly community residents. Data from the Studies Network of the Fragility in Brazilian Elderly (Campinas site, were used. Information from 689 elderly was analyzed, regarding sociodemographic characterization, physical leisure activity, occurrence of daytime napping and its duration, symptoms of insomnia and use of sleep medication. A significant association was found between the practice of walking and the daytime nap of short duration. Studies indicate that a short nap can benefit the quality of sleep and health of the elderly. Therefore, promoting the practice of walking can be a nursing intervention that favors the sleep patterns of the elderly.

Anomalous scales of Tillandsia usneoides (L.) L. (Bromeliaceae) exposed in the Metropolitan Region of Campinas, SP, Brazil as air pollution markers

OpenAIRE

Giampaoli, Patrícia; Capelli, Natalie do Valle; Tavares, Armando Reis; Fernandes, Francine Faia; Domingos, Marisa; Alves, Edenise Segala

2015-01-01

Tillandsia usneoides is an epiphytic bromeliad that has been used as a universal bioindicator. The species accumulates metals and presents foliar scale variations when exposed to air pollutants. This study aimed to use the variations in foliar scales as microscopic markers of pollutant effects in the Metropolitan Region of Campinas (MRC), São Paulo State, Brazil. T. usneoides plants were exposed for 12 weeks during dry and wet seasons, totaling four exposures, at five sites in the MRC. Sample...

Longitudinal processes in Salto Grande reservoir (Americana, SP, Brazil and its influence in the formation of compartment system

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

L. H. ZANATA

Full Text Available Studies on the longitudinal processes in reservoirs, involving physical, chemical and biological processes have been thoroughly appraised, suggesting the existence of a longitudinal organization controlled by the entrance and circulation of water which inserts modifications in the structuring of the system. To evaluate this effect, the Salto Grande reservoir (Americana, SP was analyzed in 11 sampling stations in its longitudinal axis, in the rainy and dry seasons of 1997 considering the physical chemical and biological variables. Analyzing the results in agreement with the declining concentration degree of the river--barrage direction, a more significant correlation was verified in the dry period for total phosphorus (r² = 0.86, dissolved total phosphate (r² = 0.83, nitrite (r² = 0.93, inorganic phosphate (r² = 0.89, ammonium (r² = 0.84 and suspended material (r² = 0.85. In the rainy period, only nitrite (r² = 0.90 and conductivity (r² = 0.89 presented correlation with the distance of the dam, which demonstrates the effects of precipitation and the operational mechanism of the dam, as well as the distinction among the physical (sedimentation, chemical (oxidation and biological (decomposition processes in spatial heterogeneity of the system. These factors were decisive in the organization of these communities, with higher occurrence of rotifers and copepods in relation to cladocerans, the first ones being more abundant in the entrance of the Atibaia river, decreasing towards the dam direction, while copepods presented an inverse pattern. A distribution pattern similar to Copepoda was also verified for the Cladocera, evidencing a tendency to increase the density of organisms in the stations distant to the entrance of the Atibaia river, not being registered, however, a distribution gradient in the longitudinal axis, as observed for rotifers and copepods. In relation to the trophic degree a longitudinal gradient was also verified from

O trabalho das enfermeiras no SUS de Campinas: anos 70 e 80

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elisabet Pereira Lelo Nascimento

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivamos analisar a inserção e as práticas desenvolvidas pelas enfermeiras na rede básica da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Campinas entre 1978 e 1989. Entre as práticas desenvolvidas pelas enfermeiras, destacamos a supervisão, como instrumento de avaliação/treinamento e fiscalização/controle do trabalho; a formação de auxiliares de saúde pública; a consulta e atendimento de enfermagem; a visita domiciliária; a normatização e desenvolvimento de procedimentos técnicos de enfermagem e os registros de enfermagem. Concluímos que houve transformações nos processos de trabalho das enfermeiras, e a posição assumida por elas foi fundamental para a instalação da rede básica de saúde, a reordenação das práticas de enfermagem e para a implantação do modelo de atenção à saúde.

Perfil dos compradores de tomate de mesa em supermercados da região de Campinas Market profile of fresh tomato consumers in the Campinas area

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Caroline Andreuccetti

2005-03-01

Full Text Available O acesso a informações e às mudanças tecnológicas fizeram com que consumidores se tornassem cada vez mais exigentes e preocupados com a saúde. Assim, procurou-se estabelecer o comportamento de compra dos consumidores de tomate de mesa (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. em supermercados de Campinas (SP, e a partir das respostas aos questionários traçou-se seu perfil destacando suas preferências, costumes, reclamações e exigências. Identificou-se que é a mulher que realiza as compras para casa, com preferência pelo consumo do tomate na forma "in natura". Encontrou-se insatisfação de 95,6% dos entrevistados quanto à qualidade do tomate, sendo a presença de danos físicos a maior reclamação. Assim, a qualidade do tomate que estava sendo apresentado nas gôndolas dos supermercados não correspondia àquela indicada pelos consumidores (frutos com coloração vermelha, uniformes e ausência de injúrias. Diante da insatisfação dos consumidores e considerando que o tomate preferencialmente é consumido "in natura" deve-se atentar para sua aparência externa, promovendo manuseio adequado nas etapas pós-colheita a fim de minimizar danos físicos. Os consumidores revelaram que pagariam uma quantia mais elevada pelo tomate caso este apresentasse melhor qualidade. A opinião do consumidor deve ser considerada para se encontrar soluções tecnológicas e/ou estratégicas que possam minimizar os danos pós-colheita do tomate, atingindo suas expectativas quanto à qualidade do produto.Access to information together with technological developments have helped to make consumers more preocupied about their health. A study was made of the buying habits of tomato consumers in supermarkets in Campinas (São Paulo State, Brazil. With the answers to the questionnaire to hand it was possible to determine the preferences, the customs, the complaints and the demands of the customers. It was established that it is the woman of the house who does the

Evaluation of potentially inorganic toxic substances in sewage from treatment plants of the metropolitan region of Campinas by SR-TXRF

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moreira, Silvana; Broleze, Silvana Turolla

2013-01-01

The increased production of sludge is a consequence of the growth of the volume of treated sewage and of the number of Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) in Brazil and, it has demanded the search of alternatives for its final disposal. Amongst the some alternatives of disposal, the agricultural use is viable, a time that the sewage is rich in organic substances, macro and micronutrients necessary to the soil fertility. However, the illegal industrial releases at public sewage may contain the presence of elements that cause harm to human health and the environment as Pb, Hg, Cd, Cr and Se. This work evaluated the potentially inorganic toxic substances in the sewage, previously dried, of the STP Camanducaia in Jaguariuna city; Village Flora in Sumare city; Praia Azul and Carioba in Americana city; Samambaia, Anhumas, Picarrao and Barao Geraldo in Campinas city, SP, employing the Synchrotron Radiation Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence (SR-TXRF). The sewage of Treatment Plants of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas take care of CONAMA 375/06 legislation. However, so that it can be commercialized as fertilizing or conditioning of soils, it must take care of to Normative Instruction 27/06, needing to reduce the contents of Ni and Cr. One of the alternatives would be a bigger supervising in the generating sources, in order to improve the quality of the tributary of the stations, being adjusted the sewage to the Brazilian legislations. (author)

Evaluation of potentially inorganic toxic substances in sewage from treatment plants of the metropolitan region of Campinas by SR-TXRF

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moreira, Silvana; Broleze, Silvana Turolla, E-mail: silvana@fec.unicamp.br [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FEC/UNICAMP), Campinas, SP (Brazil). Dept. de Saneamento e Ambiente

2013-07-01

The increased production of sludge is a consequence of the growth of the volume of treated sewage and of the number of Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) in Brazil and, it has demanded the search of alternatives for its final disposal. Amongst the some alternatives of disposal, the agricultural use is viable, a time that the sewage is rich in organic substances, macro and micronutrients necessary to the soil fertility. However, the illegal industrial releases at public sewage may contain the presence of elements that cause harm to human health and the environment as Pb, Hg, Cd, Cr and Se. This work evaluated the potentially inorganic toxic substances in the sewage, previously dried, of the STP Camanducaia in Jaguariuna city; Village Flora in Sumare city; Praia Azul and Carioba in Americana city; Samambaia, Anhumas, Picarrao and Barao Geraldo in Campinas city, SP, employing the Synchrotron Radiation Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence (SR-TXRF). The sewage of Treatment Plants of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas take care of CONAMA 375/06 legislation. However, so that it can be commercialized as fertilizing or conditioning of soils, it must take care of to Normative Instruction 27/06, needing to reduce the contents of Ni and Cr. One of the alternatives would be a bigger supervising in the generating sources, in order to improve the quality of the tributary of the stations, being adjusted the sewage to the Brazilian legislations. (author)

A esquistossomose urbana e a heterogeneidade social e epidemiológica da população do município de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Virgília L. C. de Lima

1995-03-01

Full Text Available Este estudo aborda as relações da esquistossomose com uma das características da urbanização intensa que vem sendo observada nos países de capitalismo tardio, que é a presença de um aglomerado de pessoas, vivendo nas periferias das cidades em precárias condições de vida. Foram estudados 610 casos autóctones notificados da endemia, no município de Campinas (situado a 98km da capital, correspondentes ao período de 1970 a 1990, por meio de suas fichas de notificação epidemiológica, visando avaliar as condições socioeconômicas dos portadores da doença. Constatou-se que a esquistossomose autóctone no município de Campinas apresenta distribuição mais heterogênea do que se poderia esperar com base nos estudos existentes sobre a endemia, em que ela é intimamente relacionada a condições precárias de saneamento básico e subsistência.

A esquistossomose urbana e a heterogeneidade social e epidemiológica da população do município de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lima Virgília L. C. de

1995-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudo aborda as relações da esquistossomose com uma das características da urbanização intensa que vem sendo observada nos países de capitalismo tardio, que é a presença de um aglomerado de pessoas, vivendo nas periferias das cidades em precárias condições de vida. Foram estudados 610 casos autóctones notificados da endemia, no município de Campinas (situado a 98km da capital, correspondentes ao período de 1970 a 1990, por meio de suas fichas de notificação epidemiológica, visando avaliar as condições socioeconômicas dos portadores da doença. Constatou-se que a esquistossomose autóctone no município de Campinas apresenta distribuição mais heterogênea do que se poderia esperar com base nos estudos existentes sobre a endemia, em que ela é intimamente relacionada a condições precárias de saneamento básico e subsistência.

Compressed natural gas as a vehicle to promote development of consumer market in Campina Grande - PB (Brazil); O gas natural comprimido como fomentador do desenvolvimento do mercado consumidor de gas natural na regiao de Campina Grande - PB

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bonfim, Marcelo dos Santos; Santos, Edmilson Moutinho dos [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Inst. de Eletrotecnica e Energia. Programa Interunidades de Pos-Graduacao em Energia (PIPGE)

2004-07-01

Investments required for natural gas distribution networks are high. The use of compressed natural gas (CNG) is seen as a way to prepare and develop consuming markets to receive those networks. This paper outlines the socio-economic context and the reasons that motivated the creation of a CNG project in Campina Grande, in the state of Paraiba. Technical aspects of project implementation are described, including difficulties encountered and courses of action undertaken as a result. Other aspects considered include the social and economic impact and local consumer's expectations with the arrival of new fuel. The study also considers factors relevant to the project such as the distance from the pressure measurement and regulation station, transported volumes, technology used, infrastructure and road conditions. (author)

Mortalidade materna na cidade de Campinas, no período de 1992 a 1994 Maternal mortality in Campinas, during the period 1992 - 1994

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mary Angela Parpinelli

1999-05-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: identificar e investigar as causas de mortes maternas ocorridas no município de Campinas, no período de 1992 a 1994. Métodos: foram selecionadas 204 declarações de óbito (DO, cuja causa de morte foi materna declarada e/ou presumível, dentre as 1.032 DO de mulheres de 10 a 49 anos, correspondentes ao total de mortes nesta faixa etária, ocorridas no período. Realizou-se investigação complementar em prontuários hospitalares, nos Serviços de Verificação de Óbito e em domicílios. Resultados: foram confirmadas 20 mortes maternas, o que correspondeu a uma razão de mortalidade materna (RMM de 42,2 mortes por 100.000 nascidos vivos. As causas obstétricas diretas foram responsáveis por 85% dos óbitos (17 casos. As complicações do aborto foram a principal causa de morte (7 casos, seguidas por hemorragias (4 casos, pré-eclâmpsia (3 casos e infecção puerperal (3 casos. Conclusões: apesar do aparente progresso quanto à redução de óbitos maternos por síndromes hipertensivas na gravidez, que constituíam a primeira causa em períodos anteriores, não houve redução da RMM no período estudado. Passaram a predominar, entretanto, as causas relacionadas às complicações do aborto. A maior cobertura e eficiência dos programas de planejamento familiar, além da necessária implantação de real vigilância epidemiológica da morte materna, bem como proteção social mais eficiente à grávida, mãe e recém-nascidos, poderá reduzir a ocorrência de morte materna e, em especial, as decorrentes de aborto.Purpose: to identify and investigate the causes of maternal death that occurred in Campinas from 1992 to 1994. Methods: a total of 204 death certificates (DC whose causes of death were maternal (declared and/or presumed were selected among the 1032 DC's of 10 to 49 year-old women. A complementary investigation was performed consulting hospital records, Death Survey Units, and households. Results: a total of 20 maternal

Estudo morfométrico da concha de Lymnaea columella say, 1817 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pulmonata

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marlene T. Ueta

1980-12-01

Full Text Available Foram estudadas variações morfométricas de conchas de L. columella, provenientes de dez criadouros localizados nos seguintes municípios do Estado de São Paulo: - Campinas, Americana, Atibaia, Pirassununga, Caçapava e Taubaté. Foram analisados os diferentes tipos de ambientes onde as limneas são encontradas com maior freqüência, estabelecendo-se a época do ano com maior abundância em espécimes, que correspondeu aos meses de julho a outubro. As medidas nas conhas dos diferentes criadouros referiram-se ao comprimento e largura da concha, comprimento e largura da abertura, comprimento da espira e número de voltas. Foram estabelecidos os coeficientes de correlação e de regressão e realizadas análises de variância entre as medidas tomadas e os índices obtidos da relação entre largura/comprimento da concha. Estas conchas foram comparadas com as de L. columella, L. viator, L. cubensis da coleção do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro. Para a maioria das medidas as conchas mostraram proporções constantes, embora apresentassem diferenças em relação ao desenvolvimento. A maior variação foi observada em relação ao comprimento da espira. As variações morfométricas das conchas foram relacionadas com alguns fatores externos como pH, alcalinidade, dureza e teor da água. Aparentemente apenas a dureza total da água influiu na consistência das conchas.Shells of Lymnaea columella from ten populations from the State of São Paulo were studied to determine morphometric variation. Samples were collected in the following municipalities: Campinas, Americana, Atibaia, Pirassununga, Caçapava and Taubaté. Five measurements were taken from each shell: length and width of the shell, length and width of the aperture and lenght of the spire. Two ratios were also established: width/lenght of the shell and length of the aperture /length of the shell. The numbers of whorls and the length of the shell were also determined. Statistical tests

Eqüidade e atenção à saúde da gestante em Campinas (SP, Brasil Equity and access to health care for pregnant women in Campinas (SP, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Solange Duarte de Mattos Almeida

2005-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Comparar a atenção à saúde recebida durante a gestação, o parto e o puerpério por mulheres de dois estratos de renda familiar per capita (menos de 1 salário-mínimo e 1 ou mais salários-mínimos. MÉTODO: Estudo observacional transversal realizado em amostra aleatória de 248 mulheres residentes no Município de Campinas, Estado de São Paulo, que tiveram filhos entre abril de 2001 e março de 2002. Informações sobre aspectos sócio-demográficos, morbidade materna e atenção à saúde no pré-natal, parto e puerpério foram obtidas por meio de entrevistas domiciliares. O cuidado no pré-natal foi analisado com base no índice de Kessner, no índice de adequação da utilização do cuidado pré-natal (Adequacy of Prenatal Care Utilization e no índice proposto pelos autores a partir das recomendações do Ministério da Saúde. Na época do estudo, o salário-mínimo correspondia a 180 reais, ou 71,40 dólares. RESULTADOS: As gestantes do grupo de renda inferior tinham menor escolaridade e eram, em maior proporção, adolescentes, pretas ou pardas e solteiras. O pré-natal foi realizado pelo SUS em 73,7% das gestantes de menor renda, contra 33,3% do grupo de maior renda. As gestantes de menor renda iniciaram o pré-natal mais tardiamente e fizeram um número menor de consultas. Entretanto, alguns indicadores de qualidade da atenção, como exames de rotina, teste anti-HIV, percentual de parto cesáreo e permanência do recém-nascido com a mãe em alojamento conjunto, foram melhores nas gestantes de menor renda. Os grupos foram semelhantes em relação a orientações recebidas, exames clínicos, laqueadura no pós-parto e prevalência de baixo peso e de prematuridade. A inadequação do cuidado pré-natal, embora significativamente maior para as mulheres de menor renda, ocorreu num percentual relativamente baixo. CONCLUSÕES: As diferenças sócio-demográficas observadas entre os dois grupos não se reproduziram na mesma

Estudo do estresse do enfermeiro com dupla jornada de trabalho em um hospital de oncologia pediátrica de Campinas Estudio del estrés del enfermero con doble jornada de trabajo en un hospital de oncologia pediátrica de Campinas Study on the stress over the nurse who works in two shifts at a pediatric oncology hospital in Campinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberta Cova Pafaro

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de um estudo que teve como objetivo investigar a presença e o nível de estresse emocional, os sintomas físicos e psicológicos, a intensidade do estresse e enfermeiros que fazem dupla jornada de trabalho comparados aos que não fazem, num hospital de oncologia pediátrica de Campinas. A população foi composta por 33 enfermeiros, sendo 24 em regime de dupla jornada e 9 em jornada única. Na metodologia foi utilizado o Inventario de Sintoma de Stress LIPP e a Escala Analógica Visual. Os resultados permitiram constatar que os enfermeiros classificados quanto as fases de estresse encontravam-se na fase de resistência, com referencia aos níveis de estresse os mesmos encontravam-se no nível médio de estresse, houve predominância dos sintomas psicológicos e os enfermeiros com dupla jornada estavam mais estressados em relação aos com jornada única.Se trata de un estudio que tuvo como objetivo investigar presencia y nivel de estrés emocional, síntomas físicos y psicológicos, intensidad del estrés y enfermeros que realizan doble jornada de trabajo comparados a los que no lo hacen, en un hospital de oncología pediátrica de Campinas. La población estuvo compuesta por 33 enfermeros, de los cuales 24 en régimen de doble jornada y 9 en jornada única. En la metodología fue utilizado el Inventario de Síntoma de Stress LIPP y la Escala Analógica Visual. Los resultados permitieron constatar que los enfermeros clasificados, en relación a las fases de estrés, se encontraban en la fase de resistencia; con referencia a los niveles de estrés los mismos se encontraban en el nivel medio de estrés; hubo predominio de los síntomas psicológicos y los enfermeros con doble jornada estaban más estresados que los de jornada única.This is a study that aimed investigating the presence and level of emotional stress, the physical and psychological symptoms, the intensity of stress and nurses who have two work shifts compared to the ones

Aglomerações urbanas e mobilidade populacional: o caso da Região Metropolitana de Campinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Marcos Pinto da Cunha

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Esse artigo analisa, para uma grande aglomeração urbana, a complexidade da dinâmica migratória, que se revela nas diferentes modalidades de movimentos populacionais e nas características dos indivíduos envolvidos nestes deslocamentos, assim como nos elementos estruturais que os condicionam. Baseado em dados de uma pesquisa domiciliar para a Região Metropolitana de Campinas - RMC, realizada em 2007, e nos dados do Censo Demográfico de 2010, esse estudo analisa os aspectos da mobilidade residencial (e dos indivíduos envolvidos em várias de suas facetas, especialmente em termos das características e motivações dos atores envolvidos. Mesmo com a redução da migração externa na região, pode-se notar um significativo potencial endógeno de redistribuição da população em função de sua mobilidade dentro da RMC, muito embora, diferentemente de outras regiões metropolitanas, na de Campinas ainda se verifique que a migração externa, em grande medida, se direciona diretamente para a periferia. A análise de características demográficas e socioeconômicas dos que se movem (e não se movem sugere a existência de coerência entre o que se esperaria observar para uma migração condicionada pelo fator econômico e o posicionamento da RMC no cenário nacional e estadual, assim como pelo processo de produção do seu espaço habitado. A seletividade dos migrantes, em geral, e dos intrametropolitanos, em particular, sugere motivações diferenciadas, das quais, embora ainda não dominante, a questão habitacional se mostra relevante. O estudo também indica que, diferentemente do que ocorria no passado, a periferia metropolitana está se diversificando e incorporando cada vez mais indivíduos e família de mais alta renda.

Limites e avanços do Programa Saúde da Família de Campina Grande: um estudo a partir de representações sociais Restrictions and improvements in the Family Health Program of Campina Grande: a study based on social representations

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosana Farias Batista Leite

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Este artigo se propõe a refletir sobre as representações sociais de profissionais do Programa Saúde da Família (PSF de Campina Grande - PB. O objetivo principal é analisar as representações que esses profissionais constroem a respeito do Programa e do trabalho nele desenvolvido. Realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa norteada pela Teoria das Representações Sociais. Como instrumentos de coleta de dados, utilizaram-se a observação participante e a entrevista semiestruturada. Foram entrevistados 24 profissionais, sendo três médicos, três enfermeiros, quatro auxiliares de enfermagem, dois cirurgiões-dentistas, um auxiliar de consultório dentário, dois assistentes sociais e nove agentes comunitários de saúde. Os discursos foram analisados com base na proposta de Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Observou-se que todos os entrevistados representam o PSF como uma proposta que trouxe contribuições positivas, no entanto, sublinham a ausência da integralidade e da intersetorialidade, assim como assinalam a dificuldade na organização do sistema de referência e contrarreferência para a garantia das ações com resolutividade. Em relação ao trabalho desenvolvido no Programa, os profissionais o representaram como "planejado", "organizado" e "gratificante". Porém, vários discursos ressaltaram as insatisfações salariais, o desgaste e a sobrecarga de trabalho, sugerindo que "trabalhar no PSF não é tão bom assim". As representações sociais construídas pelos entrevistados conduzem para a ideia de que não há uma harmonia entre a efetivação do programa e as diretrizes propostas pelo Ministério da Saúde. Constata-se, portanto, a necessidade de mudanças estruturais no PSF de Campina Grande, para que os objetivos dessa proposta possam, de fato, ser concretizados.This article aims at examining social representations of those professionals involved with the Family Health Program (PSF - Programa Saúde da Família in Campina Grande

Analyses of heavy metals in sewage and sludge from treatment plants in the cities of Campinas and Jaguariúna, using synchrotron radiation total reflection X-rayfluorescence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Souza, L.C.F.; Canteras, F.B.; Moreira, S.

2014-01-01

A major consequence of accelerated urban and industrial development in the last decades is water pollution. In particular, metal contamination is a significant problem, causing serious changes to the environment and adversely affecting human health. The cities of Campinas and Jaguariúna are inserted in the Campinas Metropolitan Region (CMR), one of the most dynamic regions in the Brazilian economy, accounting for 2.7% of Gross National Product (GNP) and 7.83% of São Paulo State Product—or approximately $ 70.7 billion per year. Besides having a strong economy, the region also presents an infrastructure that provides the development of the entire metropolitan area. Therefore, to study the anthropogenic influences of the cities, the evaluation of the quality of raw and treated effluent and, the sludge generated in sewage treatment plants (STP), especially with regard to heavy metals was performed by Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence with Synchrotron Radiation technique. The results were compared with the allowed values established by Brazilian Legislation. For raw and treated effluents collected in Jaguariúna and Campinas city in the Stations of Treatment of Sewage (Camanducaia and Anhumas), Cr presented higher concentrations than the maximum allowed values established by CONAMA 357. However, it is necessary to do other studies to define the fraction of Cr +3 and Cr +6 to compare to the new legislation. The other elements were in agreement with established regulations. For sludge sampled in the same locations, the concentrations of Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn were compared with the CONAMA 375 and showed values smaller than the maximum allowed values, indicating the possibility to re-use the sludge. - Highlights: ► Analysis of sewage and sludge composition using SR-TXRF. ► Determination of the potentially toxic elements like Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb. ► Concentrations determined were compared with Brazilian quality standards. ► It was discovered possible illegal

Fatores associados ao sedentarismo no lazer em idosos, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil Variables associated with sedentary leisure time in the elderly in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Paula do Amaral Zaitune

2007-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer a prevalência de sedentários no lazer (que referem não praticar nenhum exercício físico no lazer ao menos uma vez por semana em idosos de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, segundo fatores demográficos e sócio-econômicos, outros comportamentos relacionados à saúde e à presença de morbidades. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de base populacional, com amostragem em múltiplos estágios. A análise dos dados levou em conta o desenho amostral. A prevalência de sedentários foi 70,9%, sendo que as razões de prevalências foram significativamente maiores que um para os idosos de menor renda (1,31: 1,11-1,55, tabagistas (1,39: 1,23-1,57, com transtorno mental comum (1,20: 1,04-1,39 e do sexo feminino (1,16: 1,00-1,35. A prevalência de caminhada foi 23,5%, seguida por ginástica ou musculação (3,8% e por natação ou hidroginástica (3,6%. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade do desenvolvimento de ações globais com respeito aos comportamentos relacionados à saúde. Atenção especial deve ser dada aos idosos do sexo feminino, àqueles com transtorno mental comum e aos de menor nível sócio-econômico a fim de garantir eqüidade em relação às práticas de promoção da saúde.The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of sedentary leisure time (no type of leisure-time exercise once a week or more among the elderly in the city of Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil, according to demographic and socioeconomic factors, other health-related behaviors, and the presence of morbidity. This was a population-based cross-sectional study with multiple-stage sampling. Data analysis considered the sample design. Prevalence of sedentary leisure time was 70.9%, and the prevalence ratio was significantly higher than 1.0 for the elderly with lower socioeconomic status (1.31: 1.11-1.55, smokers (1.39: 1.23-1.57, those with common mental disorders (1.20: 1.04-1.39, and females (1.16: 1

Bartonella spp. bacteremia in blood donors from Campinas, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Pitassi, Luiza Helena Urso; de Paiva Diniz, Pedro Paulo Vissotto; Scorpio, Diana Gerardi; Drummond, Marina Rovani; Lania, Bruno Grosselli; Barjas-Castro, Maria Lourdes; Gilioli, Rovilson; Colombo, Silvia; Sowy, Stanley; Breitschwerdt, Edward B; Nicholson, William L; Velho, Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira

2015-01-01

Bartonella species are blood-borne, re-emerging organisms, capable of causing prolonged infection with diverse disease manifestations, from asymptomatic bacteremia to chronic debilitating disease and death. This pathogen can survive for over a month in stored blood. However, its prevalence among blood donors is unknown, and screening of blood supplies for this pathogen is not routinely performed. We investigated Bartonella spp. prevalence in 500 blood donors from Campinas, Brazil, based on a cross-sectional design. Blood samples were inoculated into an enrichment liquid growth medium and sub-inoculated onto blood agar. Liquid culture samples and Gram-negative isolates were tested using a genus specific ITS PCR with amplicons sequenced for species identification. Bartonella henselae and Bartonella quintana antibodies were assayed by indirect immunofluorescence. B. henselae was isolated from six donors (1.2%). Sixteen donors (3.2%) were Bartonella-PCR positive after culture in liquid or on solid media, with 15 donors infected with B. henselae and one donor infected with Bartonella clarridgeiae. Antibodies against B. henselae or B. quintana were found in 16% and 32% of 500 blood donors, respectively. Serology was not associated with infection, with only three of 16 Bartonella-infected subjects seropositive for B. henselae or B. quintana. Bartonella DNA was present in the bloodstream of approximately one out of 30 donors from a major blood bank in South America. Negative serology does not rule out Bartonella spp. infection in healthy subjects. Using a combination of liquid and solid cultures, PCR, and DNA sequencing, this study documents for the first time that Bartonella spp. bacteremia occurs in asymptomatic blood donors. Our findings support further evaluation of Bartonella spp. transmission which can occur through blood transfusions.

Sistema de tratamento de efluentes para o campus da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande na cidade de Pombal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Graziela Pinto de Freitas

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Com a crescente demanda populacional da cidade universitária, aumentam-se os despejos de efluentes líquidos nos corpos hídricos fazendo-se necessário um tratamento eficaz, a fim de remover a carga orgânica poluidora antes de serem descartados. Nesse trabalho, objetivou-se apresentar um sistema de tratamento de efluentes para Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus de Pombal localizado no estado da Paraíba. No desenvolvimento do estudo foram realizadas as seguintes etapas: caracterização detalhada do campus Pombal/UFCG, situação atual do esgotamento sanitário dentro do Campus de Pombal, diagnóstico dos possíveis impactos ambientais decorrentes do atual sistema de tratamento de esgoto, medidas mitigadoras e por fim apresentado um sistema de tratamento que melhor se adeque as condições do local em estudo. Na metodologia foram necessárias visitas in loco, entrevistas informais a estudantes e funcionários, fotodocumentação do local de estudo e pesquisas bibliográficas. A partir dos resultados observou-se que o sistema de tratamento utilizado no campus apresenta falhas, sendo necessária a substituição de tal procedimento de tratamento. O sistema proposto foi por meio do processo anaeróbio com reator UASB seguido por Lodo Ativado Convencional, com escolha a partir do fato de ser um sistema compacto, não necessitando de grandes áreas para implantação, assim como também um sistema de baixo custo operacional e apresentar baixo tempo de detenção hidráulico.Effluent Treatment System for campus of the Federal University of Campina Grande in Pombal Cit Abstract: With the growing population demand of the university town, the liquid effluent discharges are increased in water bodies making it necessary effective treatment, to remove the polluting organic load before being discarded. In this study aimed to present an effluent treatment system to Federal University of Campina Grande, Campus de Pombal located in the state of

Promoção da saúde entre jovens trabalhadores de micro e pequenas empresas da Central de Abastecimento de Campinas, SP

OpenAIRE

Valéria Aparecida Masson

2012-01-01

Resumo: Este estudo sobre condições de trabalho, aspectos de saúde e capacidade para o trabalho de jovens trabalhadores de um Entreposto Hortifrutigranjeiro de Campinas visa à promoção da saúde no local de trabalho. Trata-se de estudo de intervenção de delineamento quase-experimental. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 42 jovens na faixa etária de 15 a 29 anos, selecionados no local de trabalho, de maneira intencional, com o objetivo de avaliar a capacidade para o trabalho e os fatores de estil...

Saúde mental e trabalho interdisciplinar: a experiência do "Cândido Ferreira"em Campinas Mental health and interdisciplinary work: the experience in "Candido Ferreira", in Campinas, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcos de Souza Queiroz

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa o processo de reforma psiquiátrica a partir de um foco dirigido ao trabalho interdisciplinar dos profissionais de nível superior do serviço de saúde Dr. Cândido Ferreira, em Campinas. Trata-se de uma instituição filantrópica que contribui expressivamente com a rede de assistência à saúde mental deste município. Embora integrada à rede de assistência de saúde mental desta cidade, o serviço apresenta certa independência financeira, administrativa e gerencial em relação à ela, o que lhe permite implementar algumas experiências terapêuticas e inovações gerenciais. Mais especificamente, este artigo focaliza o processo de tomada de decisão da equipe interdisciplinar, envolvendo diagnóstico e processo terapêutico. Também aborda a organização do serviço no processo de desospitalização, como o remanejamento de pacientes em residências fora da parte central do serviço, a manutenção dessas unidades, o gerenciamento das oficinas de trabalho na instituição, que preveem um rendimento financeiro para o paciente, e a implementação de um programa de três anos de residência em psiquiatria na instituição. A abordagem metodológica da pesquisa é essencialmente qualitativa, constituindo-se de entrevistas e observação participante relacionados com os profissionais desse serviço de saúde.This article analyses the process on the psychiatric reform, with a focus on the interdisciplinary work developed by the health professionals from the health service "Dr. Candido Ferreira"in Campinas, Brazil. This is a philanthropic institution which contributes significantly to public mental health network in this city. Even though the service is integrated to the Unified Heath System (SUS, it presents a financial, administrative and managerial independence, which allows implementing some therapeutic experiences and managerial innovations. More specifically, this article focuses on the process of decision making by

Thermal bioclimate in idealized urban street canyons in Campinas, Brazil

Science.gov (United States)

Abreu-Harbich, Loyde V.; Labaki, Lucila C.; Matzarakis, Andreas

2014-01-01

Among several urban design parameters, the height-to-width ratio (H/W) and orientation are important parameters strongly affecting thermal conditions in cities. This paper quantifies changes in thermal comfort due to typical urban canyon configurations in Campinas, Brazil, and presents urban guidelines concerning H/W ratios and green spaces to adapt urban climate change. The study focuses on thermal comfort issues of humans in urban areas and performs evaluation in terms of physiologically equivalent temperature (PET), based on long-term data. Meteorological data of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and solar radiation over a 7-year period (2003-2010) were used. A 3D street canyon model was designed with RayMan Pro software to simulate the influence of urban configuration on urban thermal climate. The following configurations and setups were used. The model canyon was 500 m in length, with widths 9, 21, and 44 m. Its height varied in steps of 2.5 m, from 5 to 40 m. The canyon could be rotated in steps of 15°. The results show that urban design parameters such as width, height, and orientation modify thermal conditions within street canyons. A northeast-southwest orientation can reduce PET during daytime more than other scenarios. Forestry management and green areas are recommended to promote shade on pedestrian areas and on façades, and to improve bioclimate thermal stress, in particular for H/W ratio less than 0.5. The method and results can be applied by architects and urban planners interested in developing responsive guidelines for urban climate issues.

Bartonella spp. bacteremia in blood donors from Campinas, Brazil.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luiza Helena Urso Pitassi

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Bartonella species are blood-borne, re-emerging organisms, capable of causing prolonged infection with diverse disease manifestations, from asymptomatic bacteremia to chronic debilitating disease and death. This pathogen can survive for over a month in stored blood. However, its prevalence among blood donors is unknown, and screening of blood supplies for this pathogen is not routinely performed. We investigated Bartonella spp. prevalence in 500 blood donors from Campinas, Brazil, based on a cross-sectional design. Blood samples were inoculated into an enrichment liquid growth medium and sub-inoculated onto blood agar. Liquid culture samples and Gram-negative isolates were tested using a genus specific ITS PCR with amplicons sequenced for species identification. Bartonella henselae and Bartonella quintana antibodies were assayed by indirect immunofluorescence. B. henselae was isolated from six donors (1.2%. Sixteen donors (3.2% were Bartonella-PCR positive after culture in liquid or on solid media, with 15 donors infected with B. henselae and one donor infected with Bartonella clarridgeiae. Antibodies against B. henselae or B. quintana were found in 16% and 32% of 500 blood donors, respectively. Serology was not associated with infection, with only three of 16 Bartonella-infected subjects seropositive for B. henselae or B. quintana. Bartonella DNA was present in the bloodstream of approximately one out of 30 donors from a major blood bank in South America. Negative serology does not rule out Bartonella spp. infection in healthy subjects. Using a combination of liquid and solid cultures, PCR, and DNA sequencing, this study documents for the first time that Bartonella spp. bacteremia occurs in asymptomatic blood donors. Our findings support further evaluation of Bartonella spp. transmission which can occur through blood transfusions.

Atendimento à demanda pela esterilização cirúrgica na Região Metropolitana de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil: percepção de gestores e profissionais dos serviços públicos de saúde Provision of voluntary surgical sterilization in the Campinas Metropolitan Area, São Paulo State, Brazil: perceptions of public health services managers and professionals

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria José Duarte Osis

2009-03-01

Full Text Available A presente pesquisa descreve a percepção de gestores e profissionais de serviços públicos de saúde de municípios da Região Metropolitana de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, acerca do atendimento à demanda pela esterilização cirúrgica voluntária. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, em quatro municípios, onde se realizaram entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 26 gestores e profissionais de saúde envolvidos no atendimento às solicitações de esterilização cirúrgica. Apontaram-se dificuldades para agendamento de consultas nos ambulatórios de planejamento familiar ou centros de referência e número insuficiente de cirurgias que podiam ser agendadas semanalmente nos hospitais credenciados. Enfatizou-se a falta de estrutura física e recursos humanos tanto nas unidades básicas de saúde, quanto nos ambulatórios de planejamento familiar ou centros de referência. Houve críticas aos critérios legais para autorizar a esterilização, bem como se mencionaram adaptações para torná-los mais adequados à situação de cada município. Gestores e profissionais de saúde entendiam que, apesar dos esforços empenhados, o atendimento à demanda pela esterilização cirúrgica na Região Metropolitana de Campinas estava prejudicado pela centralização em ambulatórios de planejamento familiar ou centros de referência, que, na prática, tinham que suprir as deficiências da oferta de ações de planejamento familiar em geral na rede básica de cada município.This study describes the perceptions of public health services managers and professionals concerning provision of voluntary surgical sterilization in the Campinas Metropolitan Area, São Paulo State, Brazil. The study adopted a qualitative approach in four municipalities (counties, where semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 health professionals and health services managers involved in the provision of surgical sterilization. The interviewees identified difficulties in

Erosividade da chuva: sua distribuição e relação com as perdas de solo em Campinas (SP Rainfall erosivity: its distribution and relationship with soil loss at Campinas, state of São Paulo, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Lombardi Neto

1992-01-01

Full Text Available O potencial de erosão de uma chuva, representado pelo produto da energia cinética pela intensidade máxima em 30 minutos, foi calculado para chuvas individuais, para Campinas (SP. Durante um período de 22 anos (de 1954 a 1975, o índice de erosão médio anual computado foi de 6.738 MJ.mm/ha.h.ano, tendo os valores variado de 3.444 a 13.830. Foram estabelecidas as distribuições mensais e estacionais do índice de erosão. Os dados mostraram que 62% do potencial de erosão anual ocorre durante dezembro-fevereiro. A freqüência de distribuição dos valores totais anuais e do valor máximo anual do índice de erosão seguiu o tipo de curva inclinada, típica de dados hidrológicos, mas o logaritmo dos dados apresentou distribuição normal. Foi encontrada alta correlação entre a média mensal do índice de erosão e a média mensal do coeficiente de chuva, o que simplifica o método para calcular o índice de erosão de um local.The rainfall erosion potential for individual storms was evaluated for Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The erosion potential of a rainstorm is the product of the rainfall energy and the maximum 30-minute intensity of the storm. Over a 22-year period the average annual erosion index computed was 6,738 MJ.mm/.ha.h.year (values ranged from 3,444 to 13,830. Monthly and seasonal distributions of the erosion index were established. The data showed that 62% of the annual erosion potential occurs during the period from December to February. The frequency distribution of the total annual and maximum annual individual storm erosion index was skewed, but the logarithms of the data appeared to be normally distributed. Expected average monthly and annual values of erosion potential may be readily estimated from local rainfall amount records by the equation EI = 68,730 (p²/P0,841. A high correlation was found between actual and estimated EI values.

Geologia e pedologia da bacia glacial no distrito de Sousas, Campinas, SP Geology and pedology of a glacial basin found in the Sousas area

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adolpho José Melfi

1962-01-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho refere-se à geologia e pedología de uma bacia sedimentar glacial, situada no distrito de Sousas, Município de Campinas, em região de rochas pré-cambrianas. Os estudos geológicos constaram da elaboração de mapa geológico, baseado em fotografias aéreas, na escala média de 1:14 000 e mapa topográfico na escala de 1:5000; reconhecimento das rochas e esbôço estrutural da bacia. Quando à pedología, foram feitas caracterizações morfo-pedogenétícas dos solos por meio de perfis e determinações das classes texturais através de análise granulométrica.A glacial basin was found in the Sousas area, Campinas County, surrounded by pre-Cambrian rocks and not connected with the Paraná sedimentary basin which possesses a similar formation. Geological studies were carried out consisting of petrographie identifications, structural sketch of the basin, delimitation of its occurrence, and mapping of its geological limits. The field delimitation was done by means of aerial photographs (average scale 1:14, 000 and topographic maps (scale 1:5, 000. The pedological studies that were performed consisted in taking soil profiles for morphological and genetic characterization of the great soil groups and collection of samples for textural analysis.

Prevalência de hipovitaminose a em crianças da periferia do município de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil Prevalence of hypovitaminosis a in children of peripheral districts of Campinas São Paulo, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cecília Maria R. Gonçalves-Carvalho

1995-03-01

Full Text Available A prevalência de hipovitaminose A foi determinada pelos níveis séricos de retinol por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (Clae em 131 crianças com idade entre 3 e 10 anos, residentes em 18 favelas do Município de Campinas, São Paulo, no período de abril de 1991 a fevereiro de 1992. A prevalência encontrada foi 17,6% com níveis entre 0,35 e 0,70 µmol/L (IC=11,1-24,1; 95%, o que indica a existência de certo risco de saúde pública. Entretanto, exames clínicos oftalmológicos não detectaram nenhum caso de xeroftalmia. Informações complementares sobre as características da amostra foram obtidas para 341 crianças. A renda per capita mostrou-se surpreendentemente alta. O consumo alimentar, segundo os critérios da FAO/WHO, só foi adequado para proteínas (133,96%, sendo os menores valores de adequação aqueles encontrados para energia (87,76% e, principalmente, para vitamina A (66,13% e ferro (42,14%. Os indicadores altura/idade e peso/altura identificaram muitas crianças abaixo de -1 desvio padrão.The prevalence of hypovitaminosis A among children of the peripheral districts of the city of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, was estimated by determining serum retinol levels by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC in a sample of 131 children aged between three and ten years, between April 1991 and February 1992. A prevalence of 17.6% and retinol concentrations in the range of 0.35 to 0.70 µmol/L were found (CI=11.1-24.1; 95%, indicating the existence of public health risk Ophthalmological examinations, however, failed to detect any cases of xerophthalmy. Additional characterization of the sample was obtained from 341 children. The per capita incorre of the average household was surprisingly high for low-income areas. According to FAO-WHO standards, food consumption was adequate only for protein (133.96%. Adequacy levels were low for energy (87.76% and particularly for vitamin A (66.13% and iron (42.14%. Height for

Uso pesado de álcool por estudantes dos ensinos fundamental e médio de escolas centrais e periféricas de Campinas (SP: prevalência e fatores associados Heavy alcohol use among elementary and high-school students in downtown and outskirts of Campinas City - São Paulo: prevalence and related factors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Meire Soldera

2004-09-01

Full Text Available O conhecimento de fatores associados ao uso de álcool na adolescência é de grande relevância, pois permite intervenções visando reduzir comportamentos de risco e o possível início de um uso de álcool progressivamente deletério. OBJETIVOS: Determinar a prevalência do uso pesado de álcool e verificar se variáveis sociodemográficas, culturais e psicopatológicas podem estar influenciando este uso por estudantes dos ensinos fundamental e médio de escolas públicas e particulares da cidade de Campinas (SP. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com uma técnica de amostragem do tipo intencional. Foi utilizado um questionário anônimo, de autopreenchimento, baseado no questionário do Centro Brasileiro de Informações sobre Drogas Psicotrópicas (CEBRID. A amostra foi constituída por 2.287 estudantes dos ensinos fundamental e médio de escolas públicas e particulares da cidade de Campinas (SP, no ano de 1998. Considerou-se uso pesado, de acordo com a World Health Organization (WHO (1981, o uso de álcool em 20 dias ou mais nos 30 dias que antecederam a pesquisa. Para identificar os fatores que influenciam o uso de drogas, utilizou-se a "Análise de Regressão Logística Politômica - Modelo de Logitos Generalizados". RESULTADOS: O uso pesado de álcool foi de 11,9%, tendo sido maior nos estudantes da escola pública central, do período vespertino, que trabalhavam, de nível socioeconômico A e B, que se sentiam pouco apoiados e compreendidos pela família e que apresentavam maior defasagem escolar. CONCLUSÕES: Os dados deste estudo indicam que fatores como disponibilidade de dinheiro, trabalho, situações pessoais e familiares desfavoráveis e mau desempenho escolar estão associados ao uso pesado de álcool em estudantes.It is important to identify factors related to heavy alcohol use among adolescents, as this allows interventions aimed at reducing risk behavior and possible increasing harmful use of alcohol. OBJECTIVES

Redes de subcontratação e trabalho a domicílio na indústria de confecção: um estudo na região de Campinas Undercontracting networks and household labor in the clothing industry: a study of the Campinas'region

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Angela Maria Carneiro Araújo

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como propósito discutir as redes de subcontratação e os novos "usos" do trabalho a domicílio como elementos centrais do processo de reestruturação do setor de confecção nos anos 90, bem como seus impactos sobre as condições de trabalho e saúde das mulheres trabalhadoras. Para isso, partimos de uma pesquisa realizada na região de Campinas/SP, que contemplou o estudo de empresas de confecção de pequeno e médio porte, como também uma extensa rede de subcontratação, que tem na sua ponta inferior o trabalho a domicílio. A pesquisa mostra que as mulheres constituem a força de trabalho tradicionalmente subcontratada pelas empresas confeccionistas e ocupam as posições inferiores e mais vulneráveis na cadeia produtiva. Mostra também que o trabalho a domicílio aparece revitalizado, como instrumento central de aumento da produtividade a baixos custos e como forma alternativa de enfrentar a concorrência com grandes empresas do ramo.This article discusses the undercontracting networks and the new "usages" of household labor as central elements of the restructuring processes of the clothing sector in the nineties, as well as their impact on the labor and health conditions of the working women. This is done through research in the Campinas region, State of São Paulo on small and medium sized clothing industries, including the wide undercontracting network, whose lowest point is household labor. Data show that women are the hands traditionally undercontracted by the clothing industries and that they work on the lowest and most vulnerable positions in the productive chain. They also show that household labor looks renewed, as a central instrument of productivity increase at low cost and as an alternative way of entering the competition with the larger industries.

Aspectos eco-epidemiológicos da leishmaniose tegumentar americana no Município de Campinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Corte Antônio Ângelo

1996-01-01

Full Text Available Os autores descrevem um surto de leishmaniose tegumentar americana ocorrido no período de fevereiro de 1993 a setembro de 1994, nos Distritos de Sousas e Joaquim Egídio, Município de Campinas, SP. Ocorreram 25 casos, sete na área rural, nove na área peri-urbana e nove na urbana. Verifica-se uma mobilidade da ocorrência dos casos em direção rural-urbana. Em relação ao sexo, houve predomínio do masculino (60% sobre o feminino (40%, com 44% dos casos concentrados na faixa etária de 11 e trinta anos. Quanto à ocupação, 48% correspondem a estudantes, empregadas domésticas e donas-de-casa. Em 92% dos casos, a doença manifestou-se com lesão única, predominantemente localizadas nos membros inferiores e superiores. O surgimento desses casos na área está provavelmente associado à expansão urbana ocorrida nas décadas de 70-80 e acelerada mais recentemente.

MAPPING OF FLOOD SUSCEPTIBILITY IN CAMPINA GRANDE COUNTY - PB: A SPATIAL MULTICRITERIA APPROACH

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Priscila Barros Ramalho Alves

Full Text Available Abstract: The social and economic impacts caused by floods in urban areas are diverse and increase as the land becomes gradually impervious. Due to the increasing urbanization of cities, it is necessary to implement a better planning process and optimize the urban spaces management and occupation. Thus, the government needs to gather reliable and useful data for the decision-making process. Therefore, the GIS plays an important role among urban planning instruments. Given the current situation in Campina Grande County, Paraiba State, Brazil - an area continually facing disturbances caused by occasional and concentrated rainfalls - the current study aims to map the areas seen as the most susceptible to floods, by using a MCDA GIS-based model (Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis. There are five quantitative criteria considered in the analysis: slope, altitude, roads with drainage infrastructure, distance from water bodies and land use. It is a pixel by pixel analysis based on predetermined assumptions. Fuzzy functions were developed and overlay operations were performed. The results were consistent with historical records and with previous studies about the county, thus adding reliability to the model, which can be considered a potential management instrument for the case study area, as well as for cities facing similar issues.

Epidemiologia dos acidentes ofídicos notificados pelo Centro de Assistência e Informação Toxicológica de Campina Grande (Ceatox-CG, Paraíba Epidemiologic profile of snakebites reported by the Poison Information Center of Campina Grande, Paraíba

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Josiverton de Carvalho Lemos

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Os acidentes causados por animais peçonhentos ainda constituem problema de Saúde Pública no Brasil. Embora a produção e a distribuição dos soros no país encontrem-se estabilizadas, há problemas relacionados à notificação de acidentes deste tipo em várias regiões. Considerando esta realidade, foi realizado um estudo transversal entre janeiro e dezembro de 2005, utilizando documentação indireta sobre os acidentes ofídicos ocorridos em Campina Grande e 80 municípios adjacentes à região, com o objetivo de conhecer o perfil epidemiológico e clínico deste tipo de caso. Todos os pacientes atendidos tiveram diagnóstico médico de acidente por serpentes realizado pelo Centro de Atendimento Toxicológico de Campina Grande (Ceatox-CG. Os dados foram coletados através da ficha de notificação do Sinan (Sistema Nacional de Notificação de Agravo do Ministério da Saúde. Para análise dos dados, foi utilizada estatística descritiva e os dados foram tabulados no programa Microsoft Excel 2003. Dos 1.443 atendimentos no Centro, 737 foram causados por animais peçonhentos e, destes, 277 foram provocados por serpentes peçonhentas e não peçonhentas. Os acidentes predominaram no sexo masculino, na faixa etária de 10 a 29 anos, principalmente em agricultores na zona rural, entre maio e novembro de 2005. O gênero Bothrops foi responsável pelo maior número de casos (71,5%, e as extremidades superior e inferior do corpo foram os locais de maior predominância de ataques. Na extremidade inferior, foi atingido principalmente o pé. Em relação à gravidade, foram mais frequentes os acidentes classificados como leves causados pelo gênero Bothrops e apenas um paciente evoluiu para óbito. A média do tempo de atendimento, em horas, foi superior a 12 horas nos acidentes considerados graves, causados pelos gêneros Bothrops e Crotalus. Nossos resultados concordam com o perfil epidemiológico nacional dos acidentes ofídicos, atingindo com

Formação territorial e planejamento urbano: por um uso mais solidário do território de Campinas/SP

OpenAIRE

Victor Begeres Bisneto

2009-01-01

Esta dissertação oferece um estudo sobre a formação territorial do município de Campinas/SP e seu planejamento urbano partindo de instrumentais teórico-metodológicos que incluem a cartografia temática, a periodização e a história como um recurso de método. Estes, aliados a um conjunto de conceitos e categorias como o lugar, o território usado, os eventos e a solidariedade, têm por finalidade identificar qual a contribuição do planejamento urbano para os atuais usos do território. O que se not...

Caracterização das usuárias de terapia de reposição hormonal do Município de Campinas, São Paulo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pinto Neto Aarão Mendes

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Realizou-se um estudo descritivo de corte transversal, de base populacional, com o objetivo de caracterizar as mulheres climatéricas do Município de Campinas, Estado de São Paulo, de acordo com o uso da terapia de reposição hormonal (TRH. Selecionaram-se, por processo de amostragem, 456 mulheres na faixa etária de 45-60 anos de idade, segundo informações obtidas da agência local da Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE. As mulheres foram selecionadas por conglomerados e a unidade de referência foi um setor censitário, conforme definido pelo IBGE. Os dados foram coletados por intermédio de entrevistas domiciliares, com questionários estruturados e pré-testados, fornecidos pela Fundação Internacional de Saúde, Sociedade Internacional de Menopausa e pela Sociedade Norte-Americana de Menopausa e adaptados pelos autores. Para caracterizar as mulheres segundo o uso atual ou passado de TRH, utilizou-se o modelo de regressão logística politômica, com processo de seleção backward de variáveis. Concluiu-se que no Município de Campinas as principais características das usuárias da terapia de reposição hormonal foram estar na perimenopausa, ter maior escolaridade e melhor classe social.

Possible influences of pacific decadal oscillation in the ten day based radio between actual and potential evapotranspiration in the region of Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil Possível influência da oscilação decadal do pacífico na razão decendial entre a evapotranspiração real e potencial na região de Campinas (SP, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriel Constantino Blain

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Considering the importance of the ratio between the actual and potential evapotranspiration (AE/PE for agricultural purposes, the present study estimated the 10-day based AE/PE, aiming to evaluate possible influences of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO, on temporal variability series, in the region of Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil. The shapes of the beta probability density function of the AE/PE series for four periods (two in the cold PDO phase and two in the warm PDO phase do not show differences between the PDO phases. In this sense, the use of "average periods" to obtain a standard climatology for agrometeorological purposes (such as the climate normal of the 1961-1990 period, which encompasses sixteen years of the cold PDO phase and fourteen years of the warm PDO phase should not result in significant errors in the region of Campinas, SP. However, considering academic/scientific purposes, the analyses of the autocorrelation functions of the residual AE/PE series for the four periods show differences in the persistence between the two phases of the PDO.Tendo em vista a importância agrícola da razão entre a evapotranspiração real e potencial (ETR/ETP, estimou-se esta relação (em escala decendial, a fim de verificar possíveis influências da Oscilação Decadal do Pacífico (PDO sobre a variabilidade temporal desse parâmetro agrometeorológico na região de Campinas, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Pelas formas da função de densidade de probabilidade Beta das séries de ETR/ETP para quatro períodos (dois na fase fria, e dois na fase quente não se observam diferenças significativas (influência entre as fases da PDO. Nesse aspecto, sob o ponto de vista agrometeorológico, o uso de um determinado "período médio" (tal como a normal climatológica de 1961-1990, que compreende dezesseis anos da fase fria e catorze da fase quente, para caracterização de séries temporais de ETR/ETP, não deve resultar em grandes erros. No

VARIABILIDADE ESPACIAL DE ARGILA, SILTE E ATRIBUTOS QUÍMICOS EM UMA PARCELA EXPERIMENTAL DE UM LATOSSOLO ROXO DE CAMPINAS (SP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

SIDNEY ROSA VIEIRA

1997-01-01

Full Text Available A grande maioria dos ensaios de manejo e fertilidade do solo utiliza o método de delineamentos experimentais, segundo o qual as observações devem ser independentes umas das outras e as parcelas experimentais, uniformes quanto aos atributos estudados. A hipótese de independência entre as amostras apenas pode ser satisfeita e verificada na prática, se a amostragem contiver informações geográficas, como, por exemplo, as coordenadas com referências a um eixo arbitrário para possibilitar análises da geoestatística. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a variabilidade espacial de alguns atributos químicos e granulométricos do solo dentro de uma parcela experimental e mostrar o uso da geoestatística para analisar os dados. O campo estudado localiza-se no Centro Experimental de Campinas do Instituto Agronômico, Campinas (SP, em um latossolo roxo distrófico sob preparo convencional nos últimos dez anos. Marcou-se uma parcela de 30 m por 30 m a cada 5 m em duas direções, resultando em um reticulado quadrado de 49 pontos de amostragem. Em cada ponto, coletaram-se amostras de solo das camadas 0-25 cm e 25-50 cm de profundidade, as quais foram levadas ao laboratório, secas ao ar, peneiradas em uma malha de 2 mm e submetidas às análises granulométricas e químicas de rotina para obter teor de argila, teor de silte, delta pH, soma de bases (S, capacidade de troca catiônica (CTC e saturação por bases (V%. Para a análise de variabilidade espacial, utilizou-se a geoestatística. Os coeficientes de variação encontrados são mais altos na camada 0-25 cm do que na 25-50 cm, provavelmente devido à região de maior alteração com cultivo. Foi encontrada dependência espacial para todos os atributos analisados para a camada 0-25 cm, e dependência fraca para a camada 25-50 cm. Considerando que o campo engloba apenas uma área de 30 m por 30 m, conclui-se que a variabilidade encontrada para os atributos químicos do solo foi grande e

O Passado Negro : a incorporação da memória negra da cidade de Campinas através das performances de legados musicais

OpenAIRE

Erica Giesbrecht

2011-01-01

Resumo: A crescente proliferação de grupos performáticos, que, através de manifestações culturais, divulgam "passados", convencionalmente chamados de "tradições culturais", tem rendido estudos e debates no campo da etnomusicologia em todo o mundo. Partindo da etnografia de grupos de cultura popular afro-brasileira sediados na cidade de Campinas - São Paulo, proponho uma reflexão sobre as dinâmicas que particularizam tal processo ali. No auge da economia cafeeira do Brasil no século XIX, a cid...

Alimentação fora do domicílio de consumidores do município de Campinas, São Paulo Eating away-from-home of consumers from Campinas city, São Paulo, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Michele Sanches

2011-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar, em uma amostra não probabilística de indivíduos, a frequência de consumo de refeições realizadas fora do domicílio e os tipos de estabelecimentos mais utilizados para realizar o almoço. MÉTODOS: Entrevistou-se, em janeiro de 2006, por meio de questionário pré-testado, uma amostra por probabilística de 250 consumidores - 125 do sexo masculino e 125 do sexo feminimo -, adultos, residentes no município de Campinas. Para identificar diferenças significativas entre a frequência com que o consumidor costuma almoçar em diferentes locais e sua opinião com relação aos fatores que influenciam a escolha dos estabelecimentos de acordo com variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas, foram utilizados o teste t de Student, a análise da variância e o teste Least Square Difference de Fisher. RESULTADOS: Dos entrevistados, 38,8% e 30,4%, respectivamente, relataram almoçar de quatro a sete vezes e jantar de uma a três vezes por semana fora do domicílio. Uma parcela de 35,2% dos consumidores apontou almoçar frequentemente e muito frequentemente em restaurantes a quilo e self service. Entre os fatores importantes para a escolha dos estabelecimentos, destacou-se, como muitíssimo importante, a higiene dos funcionários e do local. Foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes (pOBJECTIVE: This study analyzed how often non probabilistic sample of individuals ate away from home and the types of establishments they preferred for having lunch. METHODS: In January 2006, a pretested questionnaire was administered to a non probabilistic sample of 250 consumers (125 males and 125 females from the municipality of Campinas. The Student's t-test, analysis of variance and Fisher's Least Square Difference were used to identify the significant differences between how often someone has lunch in different places and his opinion on the factors that influence his choice of establishment according to socioeconomic and

Podridão peduncular e qualidade de mangas 'Tommy atkins' procedentes do mercado atacadista de Campina Grande-PB

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Erbs Cintra de Souza Gomes

2010-12-01

Full Text Available O Brasil destaca-se no cenário mundial como um dos maiores produtores de manga (Mangifera indica L.. No entanto, perdas significativas são observadas em todas as etapas da cadeia produtiva, sobretudo na comercialização varejista, sendo estas correlacionadas em quase sua totalidade à incidência de doenças fúngicas. Neste sentido, objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar a incidência natural de Lasiodiplodia theobromae, agente causal da podridão peduncular, e aspectos da qualidade pós-colheita de mangas 'Tommy Atkins', comercializadas no mercado atacadista da Empresa Paraibana de Abastecimento e Serviços Agrícolas (EMPASA de Campina Grande-PB. Para a determinação da incidência natural da doença, coletaram-se 40 frutos no estádio de maturação 'de vez', de quatro diferentes estabelecimentos de comercialização, que foram encaminhados ao Laboratório de Fitopatologia (CCA/UFPB. Após sanificação, os frutos foram mantidos sob condições ambientes (28 ± 2 ºC e UR 75 ± 6% por oito dias, determinando-se o aparecimento dos primeiros sintomas e sinais do patógeno. As características de qualidade foram determinadas através da coleta de 10 frutos de cada estabelecimento de comercialização da EMPASA. Os frutos foram transportados ao Laboratório de Biologia e Tecnologia Pós-Colheita (CCA/UFPB, onde foram avaliados quanto aos teores de Sólidos Solúveis (SS, Acidez Titulável (AT, Relação SS/AT e pH. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, e as médias, comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. A manga comercializada no mercado atacadista da EMPASA de Campina Grande apresentou baixo conteúdo de SS e elevada AT, caracterizando fruto no início da maturação. Os frutos apresentaram 88,9% de incidência natural de podridão peduncular no oitavo dia de armazenamento, o que compromete a qualidade do produto no varejo, constituindo-se em uma causa das elevadas perdas pós-colheita.

Factors associated with overweight among elementary schoolchildren in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juliana Melo Teruel Biagi CAMARGO

2016-06-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Objective To assess overweight/obesity of elementary schoolchildren in Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil, and its association with parental nutritional status, children's food consumption, food preferences, and level of physical activity, and familial socioeconomic status. Methods This case-control study included 509 schoolchildren aged 7 to 10 years. Body mass index Z-score was used to determine nutritional status, defining cases (>+1 Z-score and controls (³-2 ?+1 Z-score. To address association with overweight/obesity, a conceptual model was established and used for multiple analysis, performed by logistic regression. Results The children had an overweight/obesity frequency of 39.5%. Multiple analysis adjusted for socioeconomic level showed that overweight/obese children were more likely to eat at the mall (1.55; 95%CI=1.00-2.40, have overweight and obese parents (OR=1.71; 95%CI=1.08-2.71 and OR=3.55; 95%CI=2.18-5.80 respectively, report use of passive school transport (OR=1.57; 95%CI=1.04-2.36, and consume chicken nuggets on 3 or more days per week (OR=3.03; 95%CI=1.32-6.95. Conclusion These results support the urgent need of strategies to reduce overweight/obesity and promote its prevention in schoolchildren. Moreover, intervention studies involving parents and addressing environmental factors are important for the development of effective programs.

Memória da implantação da graduação em enfermagem na Unicamp Memoria de la implantación del curso de graduación en enfermería en la Universidad de Campinas Creation memory of the nursing undergraduate course at the University of Campinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Débora Martins Zulske

2006-08-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se reconstituir a história de implantação da Graduação em Enfermagem na Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, ocorrida em 1978, através de história oral, pela insuficiência de fontes documentais pertinentes. Enfermeiros que participaram direta e ativamente nesse processo foram os sujeitos de pesquisa. A faculdade de enfermagem, legalmente prevista desde 1966, nunca foi efetivada. Para responder à mínima organização necessária, instituiu-se apenas um Departamento de Enfermagem, quatro anos após o início do curso. O interesse e a iniciativa de instalação do curso partiu de um enfermeiro titulado, externo à universidade, contratado especificamente para esse fim. Este fato explica a marca pessoal, pouco institucional, que caracterizou, de forma predominante, o momento de instalação e a continuidade desse curso.El objetivo de este artículo es reconstituir la implantación de la graduación en enferemería de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, de la Universidad Estadual de Campinas, que ocurrió en 1978, por medio de la historia hablada, por no haber fuentes documentales pertinentes. Los enfermeros que participaron directa y activamente en ese proceso fueron los sujetos de la pesquisa. La Facultad de Enfermería, legalmente prevista desde 1966, nunca fue efectivada. Para responder a la mínima organización necesaria, solamente se instituyó un Departamento de Enfermería, cuatro años después del inicio del curso. El interés y la iniciativa de la instalación del curso ocurrió por un enfermero graduado, externo a la faculdad, contratado especialmente para este trabajo. Este facto explica la marca personal y no institucional, que caracterizó de manera predominante el momento de la instalación y de la continuidad de este curso.The objective of this study was to reconstitute the history of the creation of the Nursing Undergraduate Course at the Medical Sciences School, University of

O megaesôfago tratado cirurgicamente: perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes operados no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas entre 1989 e 2005 Surgically treated megaesophagus: epidemiological profile of patients operated in the Clinical Hospital of the State University of Campinas between 1989 and 2005

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo Carvalho de Oliveira

2008-04-01

Full Text Available O megaesôfago é uma das manifestações da doença de Chagas, cujo tratamento cirúrgico ó o que apresenta melhores resultados. Neste estudo retrospectivo, avaliou-se o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes operados no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade de Campinas entre 1989 e 2005, quanto a: naturalidade e procedência, provável local de contágio, idade, grau do megaesôfago, etiologia, duração da disfagia e sua evolução, outras doenças associadas e modalidade cirúrgica adotada. O método foi a análise de 390 prontuários desses doentes, junto ao Serviço de Arquivo Médico do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade de Campinas. Os resultados permitiram estabelecer: as regiões endêmicas dos pacientes chagásicos atendidos nesse Serviço, a naturalidade/procedência e a caracterização do grupo. Após análise detalhada, foram obtidas a média de idade = 47 anos, e a duração média da disfagia = 9,47 anos. Observa-se que: a em 84,4% dos pacientes a disfagia instalou-se progressivamente; b 306 (78,5% pacientes apresentaram etiologia chagásica; c em 48% deles, houve prevalência do grau 2 (48%; d 89,8% dos pacientes foram submetidos à cardiomiotomia; e houve associações freqüentes a gastrites, esofagites, megacólon, hipertensão arterial e cardiopatias.Megaesophagus is one of the manifestations of Chagas disease and surgical treatment is the approach that presents the best results. In this retrospective study, the epidemiological profile of patients operated in the Clinical Hospital of University of Campinas between 1989 and 2005 was evaluated with regard to: place of birth, place of residence, probable place of infection, age, degree of megaesophagus, etiology, duration and evolution of dysphagia, other diseases in association and the type of surgery chosen. The method used was to analyze the 390 medical files of these patients, at the hospital's medical archive service. The results made it possible to establish the

TENDÊNCIAS DA REFORMA SANTINARIA BRASILEIRA NOS INTELECTUAIS DO FÓRUM EM DEFESA DO SUS DO MUNICIPIO DE CAMPINA GRANDE/PB.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gerciane da Rocha Souza Andrade

2017-04-01

Full Text Available A presente pesquisa de iniciação cientifica discute a Reforma Sanitária Brasileira (RSB e suas respectivas bandeiras de lutas, seu desenvolvimento no processo de contrarreforma do Estado em curso, articulados na defesa do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS público, de qualidade e contra todas as formas de privatização da saúde. Este estudo apreende as proposições dos intelectuais coletivos que integram efetivamente o Fórum em Defesa do SUS de Campina Grande. Para tanto, identifica as propostas desses intelectuais no processo de contrarreforma da saúde em curso, na perspectiva do consenso ou da resistência, tendo como referência a Reforma Sanitária Brasileira formulada nos anos de 1980.

Prevalência do aleitamento materno na região noroeste de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, 2001 Breast-feeding prevalence, northwest region of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, 2001

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Felipe Alves Cecchetti

2005-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Calcular a prevalência do aleitamento materno entre crianças menores de dois anos de idade, residentes na região Noroeste de Campinas, São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal foi conduzido, em 2001, junto a 4 103 crianças, questionando sobre data de nascimento, sexo, alimentação e serviço de saúde utilizado. O questionário foi aplicado em 42 postos de vacinação durante a Campanha Nacional de Vacinação contra Poliomielite (Campólio. A dieta foi classificada em amamentação exclusiva, predominante, continuada e aleitamento artificial. RESULTADOS: No primeiro semestre, a prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo foi de 31,6% e a de aleitamento total 74,5%. Das crianças com idade entre 6 e 12 meses, 38,0% recebiam leite materno. No segundo ano, a prevalência de aleitamento materno foi reduzida para 22,1%. O aleitamento materno exclusivo passou de 72,2% aos 7 dias de idade para 53,8% aos 15 dias, 33,3% aos 3 meses, 10,0% aos 4 meses e 5,7% aos 6 meses. A prevalência do aleitamento materno total foi de 100,0% aos 7 dias; 79,1% aos 3 meses; 54,3% aos 6; 34,4% aos 12 meses; 26,1% aos 18 e zero aos 24 meses. A mediana de amamentação exclusiva foi de 67 dias e a de amamentação total foi de 6,6 meses. Das crianças vinculadas ao Sistema Único de Saúde, 42,2% receberam aleitamento materno, em contraste com 34,4% das usuárias de serviços privados (pOBJECTIVE: To calculate the prevalence of breast-feeding among children less than two years old, in the northwest region of the city of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: A survey was conducted in 2001, with 4 103 children, querying about birth date, gender, feeding practices and health services routinely used. The questionnaire was applied at the 42 public immunization centers during the 2001 National Campaign against Polyomielites. The child's diet was categorized as exclusive breast-feeding, predominant breast-feeding, continued breast-feeding and bottle

O servi?o social na rede de sa?de mental em Campina Grande ? PB: limites e possibilidades da pr?tica profissional ? luz da Reforma Psiqui?trica Brasileira

OpenAIRE

Alves, Carmen Silva

2009-01-01

A presente disserta??o traz uma reflex?o sobre a pr?tica do Servi?o Social no campo da sa?de mental, tomando por refer?ncia o novo cen?rio psiqui?trico brasileiro, o qual prop?e o reordenamento institucional nesse setor. A pesquisa foi realizada na cidade de Campina Grande/PB, que ganhou destaque em fun??o do intenso processo de desinstitucionaliza??o ocorrido no Instituto Campinense de Neuropsiquiatria e Reabilita??o Funcional, o que resultou na amplia??o dos servi?os extra-ho...

Mobilização social em empresas, condominios e entidades públicas federais para implantação da coleta seletiva no município de Campina Grande-PB.

OpenAIRE

Luiza Eugenia Mota Rocha Cirne; Marx Prestes Barbosa

2010-01-01

With a daily generation of 380 t of solid wastes, the city of Campina Grande do not has legalized programs of selective collection, and the final form of disposal is drain under opened sky (landfill or dump) where about 600 waste pickers live of the work of recovery of recycled solid wastes. Searching concrete solutions for assuring the sustainable of the urban city, interventions of environmental education and social responsibility had been carried through private companies aiming the revers...

Substratos alternativos ao xaxim e adubação de plantas de orquídea na fase de aclimatização Alternative substrates to xaxim and fertilization on orchids plantlets acclimatization phase

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aparecida Gomes de Araujo

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se estudar substratos e adubação em plantas de orquídea da espécie C. loddgesii "Alba" x C. loddgesii "Atibaia". Plantas oriundas de cultivo in vitro foram transplantadas para bandejas coletivas contendo pó de xaxim e aclimatizadas em casa de vegetação. Após seis meses, quando as plantas tinham de 3,0 a 5,0cm de comprimento, foram transferidas para bandejas de plástico com 24 células de 150cm³ cada contendo os substratos brita no 0, casca de arroz carbonizada (CAC, xaxim desfibrado e fibra de piaçava e submetidas a adubações semanais com Biofert Plus® (5,0mL L-1, Dyna-Grow® (2,5mL L-1 e formulação elaborada. Após 12 meses, verificou-se que os melhores substratos para plantas da orquídea C. loddgesii "Alba" x C. loddgesii "Atibaia" são casca de arroz carbonizada e fibra de piaçava, e melhores respostas à adubação são obtidas com o adubo foliar Biofert Plus®.This paper was aimed at studing different substrates and fertilization for the development of C. loddgesii 'Alba' x C. loddgesii 'Atibaia' orchid species. Seedlings from in vitro culture were transplanted to plastic trays containing xaxim powder. After 6-months of acclimatization inside a greenhouse, plantles measuring beetwen 3.0 to 5.0cm length were transferred to 24 cell trays with a volume of 150cm³. Four substrates were tested (broken stone number 0, carbonized rice hulls, defibered xaxim and piassava fiber with tree different fertilizations (Biofert Plus®, Dyna Grow® and a specific formulation developed for this work. Pure water was tested as control. After 12-months of growth the best treatments for the acclimatization of in vitro produced C. loddgesii 'Alba' x C. loddgesii 'Atibaia' orchid plantlets were carbonized rice hulls or piassava fiber substrates combined with leaf fertilizer Biofert Plus®.

The importance of solid waste management and its reverse logistics in fuel gas city of Campina Grande – PB

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joselia Fernandes Nascimento

2016-04-01

Full Text Available This research aimed to identify the importance of controlling the solid waste management process generated in the posts of Campina Grande-PB fuels, still checking the current level of adequacy of the same with respect to Reverse Logistics for the proper disposal of lubricating oils used and / or contaminated, their waste and packaging. The population consisted of 56 gas stations, authorized by the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP, and resulted in a sample, for this study, 35 stations, representing 62.50% of the universe. Data collection was carried out with the use of questionnaires and research is characterized exploratory and descriptive. The results show that 51.43% of respondents know the important role of controlling, but most do not have enough knowledge regarding PNRS, LR and management of solid waste, however, has actions that are appropriate for the proper disposal waste.

SONG, ENCHANTMENT AND DISENCHANTMENT: a study of the tension between the practice of choral singing and new musical tendencies in Baptist Churches in the city of Campinas

OpenAIRE

Souza, José Ferreira de

2005-01-01

Nesta pesquisa desenvolvemos um estudo focado na convivência conflituosa entre a música tradicional e a música contemporânea. Foi desenvolvida em um grupo religioso protestante específico, intuindo investigar a hipótese de que há uma tensão entre a prática do Canto Coral e as novas tendências musicais representadas pelas Bandas. Como procedimento metodológico utilizamos uma pesquisa de campo que avaliou a realidade musical em algumas Igrejas Batistas de Campinas. A partir dos resultados obtid...

Parque ecológico Monsenhor Emílio José Salim, Campinas/SP: contradições na implementação de um parque urbano contemporâneo

OpenAIRE

Daniela Andrade Lacreta; Renata Baesso Pereira

2016-01-01

This article is the result of a study that sought to understand the purposes of public administration on the state and municipal levels to deploy implant in the late 1980s, the Ecological Park Monsignor Emilio José Salim in the city of Campinas (SP). Designed by Burle Marx office, the implementation of the Ecological Park aimed to revitalize an old farm, restore native forests in areas occupied by coffee plantations and restore the main house, relevant example of the Coffee period architectur...

Comparing summer and winter indoor radon and radon daughters activity in Campinas, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guedes, O.S.; Hadler, N.J.C.; Iunes, P.J.; Neman, R.S.; Souza, W.F.; Tello, S.C.A.; Paulo, S.R.

2002-01-01

We developed a technique - based on alpha particle track detection using CR-39 - where the activity originated from indoor radon can be potentially separated into three fraction: (i) radon in the air, (ii) radon daughters (RD), 218 Po and 214 Po, in the air and (iii) RD plated-out on the detector surface during exposure. In this work only a partial separation was carried out, then our results are limited to radon plus RD in the air and RD attached to detector surface. These activities can be separated if size and gray level of the round tracks are measured using an automatic optical microscopy system.Our group carried out an indoor radon and radon daughters (RD) survey in Campinas made up by a summer (November, 96 to May, 97) and a winter (May, 97 to November, 97) exposure, where the detectors were placed in the same rooms of the same dwellings (approximately 100) in both cases. Comparing winter and summer alpha activity for the detectors analyzed up to now, approximately 45 dwellings, we observed that: i) it seems that the source of radon is the material (brick and concrete mainly) making up walls, floor and ceiling of the dwellings, ii) there is no clear relationship between intensity of aeration and the activities measured in this work, and iii) the average ratio between winter and summer activity in the air (radon plus RD) is approximately equal to similar ratios observed in other countries, but for radon only. (author)

Medidas radiométricas em casas de vegetação com cobertura plástica na região de Campinas - SP Radiometric measurement of greenhouses with plastic cover at Campinas region- SP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edilson Costa

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de caracterizar as relações e alterações radiométricas em três casas de vegetação, cobertas com filme transparente de polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD de camada simples com 150µm de espessura, tratado contra raios ultravioleta, sob ambientes distintos, foram realizados os experimentos durante o cultivo hidropônico de alface, cultivar Vera, na região de Campinas - SP, em diferentes períodos do ano, visando ao uso de dados experimentais de postos meteorológicos em substituição à necessidade de adquirir equipamentos de radiação para medições internas. As casas de vegetação eram de estrutura metálica de aço, de forma e volume idênticos. Coletaram-se a radiação solar global interna e externa (RSGI e RSGE, W m-2, a radiação fotossinteticamente ativa (RFA, µmol m-2 s-1 e a radiação ultravioleta, em 254; 312 e 365 nm (RUV, W m-2. Os resultados mostraram que as equações de regressão linear são estimativas aceitáveis na obtenção da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa em função da radiação solar global externa. Em ambientes fechados e climatizados, existe maior correlação entre a radiação fotossinteticamente ativa e a radiação solar global externa. A orientação das casas de vegetação não climatizadas não influencia no espalhamento interno da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa.The objective of this study was to characterize the radiometric relationship and changing in three greenhouses covered with transparent low density polyethylene film (PEBD with a 150µm single layer of low density polyethylene film, treated with compounds that inhibit rapid degradation by ultraviolet radiation, under effects of different environments. The experiments were conducted during hydroponics lettuce production of Vera variety at Campinas region-SP in different periods of the year, aiming the use of experimental data from meteorological stations in substitution of the needs to pursue radiometric

Regionalização, mobilidade pendular e os desafios metropolitanos: o caso da Região Metropolitana de Campinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ednelson Mariano Dota

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Na atual conjuntura de nossa sociedade, velocidade e movimento são dois imperativos e a mobilidade pendular, enquanto fenômeno das grandes aglomerações pode ser indicativo de novas formas de organização das metrópoles e suas respectivas regiões metropolitanas. Portanto, o presente artigo parte da premissa de que a mobilidade pendular e o processo de regionalização da urbanização possuem estreitas relações e a análise conjunta desses dois fatores pode elucidar o entendimento dos complexos processos atuantes na forma urbana recente. Desse modo, o trabalho discute o processo metodológico de criação das regiões metropolitanas no Brasil e propõe a utilização de indicadores relacionados a migração e mobilidade pendular como possibilidade analítica para compreensão dos nexos territoriais da Região Metropolitana de Campinas.

Quantification of potentially toxic elements in sewage and sludge from treatment plants in the cities of Campinas and Jaguariuna using synchrotron radiation total reflection X-ray fluorescence

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Souza, Luciana Carla Ferreira de; Canteras, Felippe Benavente; Moreira, Silvana, E-mail: silvana@fec.unicamp.br, E-mail: felippe.canteras@gmail.com, E-mail: lucarla24@gmail.com [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP (Brazil). Inst. Politecnico. Dept. de Saneamento e Ambiente

2013-07-01

The rapid urban and industrial development in last decades has brought as one of the consequences, changes in the environment. The lack of planning of city growth is, today, one of the major causes of water pollution including residential, industrial, agricultural, and hospital waste. The metals contamination is a major problem, causing serious changes to the environment, causing harm to human health. The sludge generated at sewage treatment plants, is an important source of nutrients and organic matter, and therefore it can also be reused mainly for agricultural use, since contaminants are removed. The cities of Campinas and Jaguariuna are inserted in the Campinas Metropolitan Region (CMR), one of the most dynamic regions in the Brazilian economy. Therefore, to study the anthropogenic influences of the cities, evaluated the quality of raw and treated effluent and the sludge generated in sewage treatment plants, especially with regard to heavy metals. Measurements of metals were performed by Synchrotron Radiation Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence. For treated effluent data were compared to CONAMA 357 law and Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ba and Pb showed concentrations in according with the law. To reuse in agriculture the contents were compared to the limits defined by CETESB and some elements had concentrations above to the permitted preventing its reuse. For sludge, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ba and Pb, in the two treatment plants studied, the concentrations were lower than the maximum permissible values established by CONAMA 375 law allowing the sludge application sludge on agricultural land. (author)

Quantification of potentially toxic elements in sewage and sludge from treatment plants in the cities of Campinas and Jaguariuna using synchrotron radiation total reflection X-ray fluorescence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Souza, Luciana Carla Ferreira de; Canteras, Felippe Benavente; Moreira, Silvana

2013-01-01

The rapid urban and industrial development in last decades has brought as one of the consequences, changes in the environment. The lack of planning of city growth is, today, one of the major causes of water pollution including residential, industrial, agricultural, and hospital waste. The metals contamination is a major problem, causing serious changes to the environment, causing harm to human health. The sludge generated at sewage treatment plants, is an important source of nutrients and organic matter, and therefore it can also be reused mainly for agricultural use, since contaminants are removed. The cities of Campinas and Jaguariuna are inserted in the Campinas Metropolitan Region (CMR), one of the most dynamic regions in the Brazilian economy. Therefore, to study the anthropogenic influences of the cities, evaluated the quality of raw and treated effluent and the sludge generated in sewage treatment plants, especially with regard to heavy metals. Measurements of metals were performed by Synchrotron Radiation Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence. For treated effluent data were compared to CONAMA 357 law and Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ba and Pb showed concentrations in according with the law. To reuse in agriculture the contents were compared to the limits defined by CETESB and some elements had concentrations above to the permitted preventing its reuse. For sludge, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ba and Pb, in the two treatment plants studied, the concentrations were lower than the maximum permissible values established by CONAMA 375 law allowing the sludge application sludge on agricultural land. (author)

Calagem e adubação mineral e orgânica do cafeeiro na região de Campinas Liming and mineral and organic fertilization of coffee tree at Campinas Region, State of São Paulo, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Genésio da Silva Cervellini

1994-01-01

Full Text Available Instalou-se um experimento com cafeeiro cultivar Mundo Novo LCP 387-17 em um latossolo roxo transição para latossolo vermelho-amarelo orto, cuja vegetação original era típica de cerrado, na região de Campinas, comparando-se os tratamentos com esterco de curral e adubação mineral NPK, complementados ou não com calcário dolomítico e com os micronutrientes zinco e boro. Aplicaram-se, por ano e por cova, 40 litros de esterco quando na ausência de NPK e 20 litros quando com NPK. A adubação mineral constou da utilização de 120 g de N, 40 g de P2O5 e 120 g de K2O por ano e por cova; quando em presença de esterco, usou-se metade dessas doses. O calcário foi aplicado na quantidade de 1 kg por ano e por cova, e zinco e boro, na quantidade de 20 g de sulfato de zinco e 20 g de bórax, também por cova e por ano. A análise das produções de café beneficiado no período de 1965 a 1970 permitiu constatar que a testemunha e o tratamento com NPK foram significativamente inferiores aos demais. Destacaram-se com as melhores produções os tratamentos que receberam esterco mais NPK, com ou sem calcário. Nas análises de solos, constatou-se aumento nas bases quando foi aplicado o esterco e, em contrapartida, aumento de acidez com o tratamento de NPK. As análises das folhas mostraram efeitos sobre teores de alumínio e manganês coerentes com os dados obtidos nas produções e análises do solo.Experiments with mineral and organic manure were carried out in a Red Latosolic Soil Transition to Orto Red Yellow Latosolic Soil at Campinas region with Mundo Novo LCP 387-17 coffee tree cultivar. The treatments with manure was compared with the treatments with mineral fertilizers of NPK with or without lime or micronutrients zinc and boron. The analyses of coffee production data showed that the treatments with mineral fertilizers and the test treatment with no fertilizer, had the lowest productions. The treatments with manure and NPK with or without

Vulnerabilidade social, individual e programática em idosos da comunidade: dados do estudo FIBRA, Campinas, SP, Brasil Social, individual and programmatic vulnerability among the elderly in the community: data from the FIBRA Study conducted in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Natália Oliveira Rodrigues

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Condições socioculturais e econômicas interagem com os processos biológicos ao longo da vida, determinando vulnerabilidade ou resiliência na velhice. O objetivo foi investigar relações entre vulnerabilidade social (gênero, idade e renda; individual (comorbidades, sinais e sintomas, incapacidade funcional, suporte social percebido e saúde percebida e programática (índices de SUS-dependência e de vulnerabilidade social e acesso aos serviços de saúde em amostra de indivíduos com 65 anos e mais. Participaram 688 idosos recrutados em domicílio, em 88 setores censitários urbanos sorteados, em Campinas, SP. Os dados (de autorrelato foram obtidos em sessão única de coleta. Dos entrevistados, 470 eram mulheres, com mais comorbidades e sinais e sintomas, mas mais envolvidas em atividades avançadas de vida diária (AAVD e atividades instrumentais de vida diária (AIVD do que os homens. A média de idade foi 72,28 ± 5,41 anos e a de renda familiar 4,72 ± 5,28 salários mínimos. As variáveis que melhor explicaram a variabilidade dos dados foram acesso e uso de serviços de saúde, índices de SUS-dependência e de vulnerabilidade social e renda familiar. Condições sociais e renda familiar covariam com vulnerabilidade individual na velhice.Sociocultural and economic conditions interact with biological processes throughout the course of life determining vulnerability or resilience in old age. The scope of this study was to investigate relationships between social vulnerability (gender, age and income; individual vulnerability (comorbidities, signs and symptoms, functional ability, perceived social support and perceived health, and programmatic vulnerability (indices of dependence on the public health system, social vulnerability and access to health services in a sample of individuals aged 65 and more. 688 elderly people were interviewed in a single data gathering session in their homes in 88 selected urban census sectors in Campinas

O Censo de 2010 e as Primeiras Leituras Sobre a Mobilidade Espacial da População na Região Metropolitana de Campinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Henrique Frey

2013-09-01

a produção do espaço urbano, ajudam-nos a entender o processo de localização espacial da população. O aumento da mobilidade ao longo das últimas décadas foi analisado em perspectiva comparada a partir dos quesitos sobre deslocamento pendular nos Censos Demográficos de 2000 e 2010. Deve-se ressaltar, ainda, que a manutenção da importância de Campinas para os deslocamentos diários e a alteração do peso destes fluxos para determinados municípios, podem estar associados a uma reorganização interna dos investimentos, da população e dos empregos.

Perfil nutricional de crianças e suas mães em bolsões de pobreza do município de Campinas, SP - 1996 Nutritional profile of children and their mothers in poverty areas of Campinas, SP, Brazil - 1996

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Semíramis Martins Álvares Domene

1999-08-01

Full Text Available A desnutrição é ainda um problema de saúde pública no Brasil, apesar do declínio de sua prevalência mostrado em estudos nacionais. Contudo, dada a abrangência destes levantamentos, a situação em áreas de pobreza pode ser subestimada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a desnutrição em áreas de pobreza do município de Campinas, SP, identificadas segundo os critérios de renda familiar, condições de construção da moradia e contigüidade, de acordo com o censo de 1991. A amostra foi composta de 125 crianças de 0 a 24 meses de idade e suas mães, com coleta de dados antropométricos (peso e altura e socioeconômicos. Os resultados mostraram uma prevalência de 7,2% de desnutrição infantil, muito semelhante à média de 7,4% observada para a mesma faixa etária em levantamento nacional feito em 1989. Em relação ao estado nutricional das mães, os resultados mostraram que 27,3% apresentaram Índice de Massa Corporal superior a 25kg/m². A fim de promover o declínio da prevalência de desnutrição, as ações de saúde devem considerar a importância do problema em grupos socioeconômicos especiais, como os de baixo poder aquisitivo, desenvolvendo um sistema de vigilância alimentar e nutricional capaz de atuar em regiões onde as ações tradicionais parecem ser menos eficientes.Malnutrition is one of the major public health problems in Brazil, although recent data show a progressive decrease in its prevalence. However, the validity of national surveys can underestimate the magnitude of malnutrition in poverty areas. The purpose of this study was to evaluate malnutrition in poverty areas of Campinas, SP, and efforts were made to locate those urban areas, considering families income, building conditions, and geographic contiguity according to 1991 census. During the study period, a total of 125 children aged 0 to 24 months and their mothers were interviewed, and anthropometric and socioeconomic data were collected. Results

Urban air pollution induces micronuclei in peripheral erythrocytes of mice in vivo

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soares, S.R.C.; Bueno-Guimaraes, H.M.; Ferreira, C.M.; Rivero, D.H.R.F.; Castro, I. de; Garcia, M.L.B.; Saldiva, P.H.N.

2003-01-01

In this study, we explored the role of chronic exposure to urban air pollution in causing DNA damage (micronuclei frequency in peripheral erythrocytes) in rodents in vivo. Mice (n=20) were exposed to the urban atmosphere of Sao Paulo for 120 days (February to June 1999) and compared to animals (n=20) maintained in the countryside (Atibaia) for the same period. Daily levels of inhalable particles (PM10), CO, NO 2 , and SO 2 , were available for Sao Paulo. Occasional measurements of CO and O 3 were made in Atibaia, showing negligible levels of pollution in the area. The frequency of micronuclei (repeated-measures ANOVA) increased with aging, the highest values obtained for the 90th day of experiment (P 2 (P<0.001), and PM10 (P<0.001). Our results support the concept that urban levels of air pollution may cause somatic mutations

“Borboletas Azuis” de Campina Grande: crenças e lutas de um movimento milenarista ("Borboletas Azuis" of Campina Grande: belief and fighting of a millenarist movement - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2009v7n14p46

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lidiane Cordeiro Rafael de Araújo

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Resumo Os “Borboletas Azuis” de Campina Grande/PB alcançaram destaque nacional devido à propagação de uma profecia que afirmava a ocorrência de um dilúvio para o dia 13 de maio de 1980. O movimento é uma contestação às transformações da Igreja Católica Romana a partir do Concílio Vaticano II, onde foram tomadas medidas em favor de liturgias mais adequadas às culturas locais e em idioma próprio, assim como mudanças significativas nos textos e na linguagem utilizados na missa e na administração dos sacramentos. A proposta do movimento é resgatar o modelo do cristianismo primitivo, em sua espera messiânica de instauração de uma nova “idade de ouro”. A identidade religiosa do movimento se constitui numa ‘bricolagem’ do cristianismo com o espiritismo, sendo sua excentricidade o motivo para os conflitos com a Igreja Católica e a imprensa local. O presente estudo analisa a trajetória dos “Borboletas Azuis” caracterizando-o como movimento messiânico-milenarista, tomando como perspectiva teórica os estudos da religião realizados por Delumeau, Queiroz, Negrão, Giddens, Weber e Andrade. Nossa metodologia consistiu a realização de entrevistas com remanescentes do movimento e análise de reportagens de jornais e documentos produzidos pela liderança. Palavras-chave: Messianismo; Milenarismo; Luta Simbólica. Abstract The "Borboletas Azuis" of Campina Grande city / PB achieved national prominence due to the spread of a prophecy that to asserted a deluge, for the day 23 de may of 1980. The movement is a challenge to the Roman Catholic Church of Vatican II, from where measures have been taken in favor of liturgies more appropriate to local culture and language, as well as significant changes in the texts and languages used in the Mass and in the administration of the sacraments. The Borboletas Azuis proposes a revival of the model of primitive Christianity, in its messianic hopes to introduce a new "golden age

MALFORMAÇÕES CONGÊNITAS E FATORES DE RISCO MATERNO EM CAMPINA GRANDE - PARAÍBA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Virgínia Rossana de Sousa Brito

2010-01-01

Full Text Available n el siguiente artículo se realiza un estudio para verificar el predominio de niños nacidos con malformaciones congénitas en las maternidades de Campina Grande–PB y los factores de riesgo asociados. Los datos recolectados se refieren a tres cen- tros maternos a través de las Declaraciones de Nacido Vivo — DNV emitidos en el período del 2003 al 2005. La asociación entre los tipos de malformaciones y las variables fue avalorada por el Chi-cuadrado y las Odds Ratio, fueron calculadas para cada variable por separado usando el programa SPSS 15.0. La consideración usada fue de p < 0,05. Se detectaron 190 mal- formaciones que fueron distribuidas en las categorías: morfo- displasias, con 90 casos (47,4%; hito-displasias, 49 (25,8%, quimio- displasias, 1 (0,5%, malformaciones múltiples, 34 (17,9% y malformaciones sin especificación 16 (8,4%. Se iden- tificó hidrocefalia, anencefalia, Síndrome de Down, polidactilia, labio leporino y pie zambo. Se concluye que no hubo asocia- ción estadística significativa de las variables sociales relativas a las madres con malformación congénita. El alto número de DNV ininteligibles, o sin especificación de la malformación, muestra que es necesario un mayor rigor al llenar los impresos.

Mineralogia dos solos da Estação Experimental "Theodureto de Camargo", em Campinas Mineralogy of the soils of the Experimental Station "Theodureto de Camargo" - Campinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adolpho J. Melfi

1966-01-01

Full Text Available São estudadas mineralògicamente séries monotípicas da Estação Experimental "Theodureto de Camargo", município de Campinas. Ocorre na área um sillde diabásio Mesozóico, intrusivo em rochas sedimentares cartaoníferas de origem glacial; os solos aí existentes provêm, então, ora de um ou outro tipo de rocha, ora da mistura de ambos. A série Chapadão originou-se de diabásio, sendo classificada como latossol roxo, vulgarmente denominado terra-roxa-legítima. A série Taquaral, também proveniente da mesma rocha, sofreu, entretanto, grande contribuição de sedimentos de origem glacial, evidenciada pela presença de zircão monazita, sillimanita, turmalina, rutilo, granada, estaurolita e cianita. As séries Venda Grande, Barão e Monjolinho derivaram-se de sedimentos arenosos, siltosos e argilosos de origem glacial. A série Pomar, cuja origem se deve também a rochas sedimentares carboníferas siltosas e argilosas, recebeu contribuição mineralógica proveniente do intemperismo do diabásio.The present paper studies the mineralogy of monotypic series determined at the Experimental Station "Theodureto de Camargo". The region is geologically characterized by the presence of a Mesozoic diabase still intruded in a carboniferous glacial sedimentary formation. The existent soils represent weathered products either of rocks-sedimentary or igneous kinds - or a mixture of both. The Chapadão series derived from diabase is classified as "purple latossol", commonly known by the name of "terra roxa legítima". The Taquaral series also results mainly from diabase but has been largely contaminated by glacial sedimentary products as revealed by the presence of zircon, monazite, sillimanite, tourmaline, rutile, garnet, staurolite and kyanite. The Venda Grande, Barão and Monjolinho series result from clayey, silty and sandy glacial sediments. The Pomar series made up of products of carboniferous clay and silt sediments: exhibits notwithstanding an

Plantas ornamentais e seus recursos para abelhas no campus da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil Resources of ornamental plants for bee on campus of the State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kayna Agostini

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho apresenta um estudo florístico e fenológico das plantas ornamentais arbóreas e arbustivas, visitadas por abelhas no campus da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo. Os registros sobre as plantas foram feitos de maio de 1999 a abril de 2000, obtendo-se 42 espécies de plantas. Cerca de 43% apresentou pico de floração no período úmido, 33% no período seco e 24% em ambos os períodos, não havendo sazonalidade marcada. A maioria das espécies, cerca de 72%, apresentou padrão de floração anual. As famílias mais representativas foram Leguminosae e Bombacaceae com 13 e 5 espécies respectivamente. Dentre as espécies estudadas predominaram flores brancas e o tipo floral aberto. As observações sobre as abelhas que visitavam as flores foram feitas de maio de 2000 a fevereiro de 2001, tendo sido registradas 17 espécies de abelhas. Essas abelhas podiam realizar visitas legítimas e/ou ilegítimas às flores. Os recursos utilizados pelas abelhas foram, principalmente, pólen e néctar e, na maioria das espécies de plantas, ambas as substâncias foram utilizadas. Apis mellifera, Trigona spinipes e Tetragonisca angustula, abelhas consideradas generalistas e Xylocopa frontalis e Bombus morio, consideradas mais especializadas, foram as cinco espécies que visitaram as flores de maior quantidade de espécies de plantas. Essas informações podem ser úteis para a elaboração de planos de manejo em ambientes urbanos visando à utilização de plantas ornamentais adequadas para atender maior diversidade de abelhas.A floristic and phenological study of ornamental, arboreal and shrubby species visited by bees was carried out on the campus of the Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo. Data on the species were recorded from May 1999 to April 2000. During this period 42 flowering species in flower were evaluated, of these 43% flowered in the wet season, 33% in the dry season and 24% in both seasons, without marked

Prevalências de ideação, plano e tentativa de suicídio: um inquérito de base populacional em Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil Prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicide plans, and attempted suicide: a population-based survey in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Neury José Botega

2009-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo foi estimar as prevalências ao longo da vida de ideação, planos e tentativas de suicídio na população. Quinhentos e quinze indivíduos residentes em Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, foram selecionados utilizando-se amostragem estratificada por conglomerados e avaliados por entrevista do Estudo Multicêntrico de Intervenção no Comportamento Suicida. Calculamos prevalências ponderadas, com os respectivos intervalos de 95% de confiança (IC95%. As prevalências foram de 17,1% (IC95%: 12,9;21,2 para ideação, 4,8% (IC95%: 2,8;6,8 para planos e 2,8% (IC95%: 0,09;4,6 para tentativas de suicídio. O comportamento suicida foi mais freqüente em mulheres e em adultos jovens. A existência de um plano de como tirar a própria vida, em termos de freqüência, situa-se próximo da tentativa (relação de 5:3. De cada três tentativas de suicídio, apenas uma chegou a ser atendida em um serviço médico. As prevalências se assemelham à maioria dos estudos de outros países. É essencial coletar diretamente na comunidade informações sobre o comportamento suicida, abarcando-o em sua abrangência.This study aimed to estimate the lifetime prevalence rates for suicidal ideation, suicide plans, and attempted suicide, based on a cluster sample of 515 residents of Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil. The Multisite Intervention Study on Suicidal Behavior interview was performed, and lifetime prevalence rates and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI were calculated. Lifetime prevalence rates were 17.1% (95%CI: 12.9-21.2 for suicidal ideation, 4.8% (95%CI: 2.8-6.8 for suicide plans, and 2.8% (95%CI: 0.09-4.6 for attempted suicide. Suicidal behavior was more frequent among women and young adults. The suicide plan/attempt ratio was approximately 5:3. Only one-third of those who attempted suicide contacted a health service following the attempt. Prevalence rates for suicidal behavior were similar to most studies from other countries. Suicide prevention

Estimation of generation and gravimetric composition of solid wastes at Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal, Paraíba, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elisângela Maria da Silva

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The objective was to present the estimation of the per capita generation and gravimetric composition of the solid residues of the Center of Sciences and Agri-food technology of the Federal University of Campina Grande. These two characteristics are of fundamental importance in the solid waste management process. The methodological procedure was carried out by field survey to identify the number of sectors in the University Campus, as well as the quantification of the daily population that attends the institution. As a result, the daily per capita generation of the Science Center and Environmental Technology was 49.28 g. In relation to the gravimetric composition, it was verified that the organic matter had the highest percentage, representing a total of 66%, followed by 13% of plastics, 9% of paper / cardboard and 8% of composites. It is concluded that the largest part of the total solid waste generated is putrescible organic matter, which was already expected, since solid waste generated in the university campus presents characteristics of household waste.

Consequências da vasectomia: experiência de homens que se submeteram à cirurgia em Campinas (São Paulo, Brasil Consequences of vasectomy: experience of men who underwent the surgery in Campinas (São Paulo, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nádia Maria Marchi

2011-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever a experiência de homens vasectomizados há pelo menos um ano em serviços públicos de saúde de Campinas, Estado de São Paulo. Procedimentos metodológicos: estudo descritivo com um componente qualitativo e outro quantitativo. Para a etapa qualitativa, realizaram-se 10 entrevistas semiestruturadas com homens selecionados de acordo com critérios propositais de escolaridade e número de filhos. Em seguida, foi aplicado um formulário estruturado a 202 homens, sorteados a partir da lista completa daqueles que haviam sido vasectomizados entre 1998 e 2004. Realizou-se análise temática do conteúdo das entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os dados quantitativos foram digitados e foi realizada análise descritiva. RESULTADOS: Observou-se que 97% dos homens estavam satisfeitos por terem feito a cirurgia e poucos referiram efeitos indesejados. Entre os poucos homens insatisfeitos, apenas um havia feito a reversão da cirurgia porque vivia com uma nova companheira e queria ter filhos; entre os demais a insatisfação devia-se à dor provocada pelo procedimento cirúrgico. A maioria dos entrevistados atribuiu à vasectomia mudanças para melhor sobre sua saúde, corpo, relacionamento em geral com a família e com a esposa, na vida sexual e na situação econômica. Prevaleceu a ideia de que a vasectomia só trouxera benefícios. A possibilidade de arrependimento foi mencionada pelos entrevistados como algo que não aconteceria com eles. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados deste estudo permitiram verificar que os homens que optam pela vasectomia tendem a ver o método como fator de mudanças positivas, principalmente sobre a vida sexual e o relacionamento com a companheira e a família em geral.OBJECTIVE: To describe the experience of men who had a vasectomy at least one year before at public healthcare services at Campinas, State of São Paulo. Methodological procedures: descriptive study with a qualitative and a quantitative component. In the

Vestigios de la cultura escolar de una Escuela Rural en los años 1930-40 en el municipio de Campinas (Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eliana Nunes da Silva

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación, impulsada por los testimonios de exalumnos, de una profesora y referenciada por diversas fuentes documentales, tiene como objeto de estudio la historia de la Escuela Mixta que existió en el barrio Felipão, en Campinas (Brasil, entre las décadas de 1920 y 1960. Esta narración se interpreta principalmente por la cultura escolar y las tensiones entre los procesos establecidos por las reformas educativas, en el transcurso de los enfrentamientos entre proyectos políticos y pedagógicos en el contexto republicano en los años desde 1930 a 1940. Las justificaciones, inspiradas en la amplia revisión bibliográfica, mostraron que son pocos los estudios sobre la historia de la educación rural en Brasil y que la diversidad de las escuelas primarias públicas es un tema que todavía no está suficientemente investigado por la Historia de la Educación Brasileña.

The Brazilian psychiatric reform: historical and technical-supportive aspects of experiences carried out in the cities of São Paulo, Santos and Campinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristina Amélia Luzio

2007-01-01

Full Text Available The Brazilian psychiatric reform: historical and technical-supportive aspects of experiences carried out in the cities of São Paulo (capital, Santos and Campinas, in order to understand their material, social and political impacts, the progress in the process of breaking away from the psychiatric ward model, and the establishment of creative and productive groups, required to build up the psychosocial treatment in regard to mental health, as well as to evaluate the contribution that the SUS (Brazilian Public Health System had on the psychiatric reform in the mentioned cities. The research, which is the basis of this paper, is part of a thesis regarding mental health care, whereby the innovative projects implemented in those cities served as framework and basis for comparison to analyze mental health policy in small and medium-sized cities and towns in the state of São Paulo.

The functions of public spaces at territorial structure and parceling project: the method of education experienced at PUC-Campinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jonathas Magalhães Pereira da Silva

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Considering the contemporary practices of teaching in Project and in Urban and Regional Planning this text aims to share the teaching experience developed between 2009 and 2012 at FAU PUC-Campinas. The article presents the procedures and attitudinal postures adopted in the classroom detailing the development stages, the arguments and results. The text search, through the teaching experience systematization, the construction of an interdisciplinary dialogue which sets out clearly the progress when the open spaces system is considered in the territorial planning process. The proposed exercise aims to question the contemporary territorial processes occupation conditioned by a logic where the individual transport is dominant and the absence of a territorial structuring. The discipline is not to be limited to exploit for professional practice, but provoke a reflective practice based on the construction of arguments that reveal themselves in drawings considering the different scales, the interests of different actors, the contradictions and the history of the discipline. The landscape design is used here as an instrument of reflection that contests the reality and creates arguments for new urban spatial configurations.

Brazil builds in Campinas: a symbolic tool of the strategy to legitimate the implementation of the urban-improvement plan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silvia A. Palazzi Zakia

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Este artículo trae una reflexión sobre la exposición Brazil Builds que se presentó en Campinas en febrero de 1945. La ciudad era parte del circuito de la exposición que comenzó el 13 de enero de 1943 en el Museum of Modern Art de Nueva York (MoMA. El evento nos lleva a reflexionar sobre cómo se han concertado los distintos intereses involucrados en su realización en esa ciudad. Los esfuerzos del poder público y de sectores de la elite local evidencian una tela de intereses relacionados a la exposición de arquitectura. El objetivo principal es discutir las estructuras de poder locales que se han beneficiado de la dimensión simbólica del arte, usando la exposición como instrumento para legitimar la implantación de un plan de urbanismo para la ciudad (Plan de Mejorías Urbanas, que fue desarrollado por el urbanista Prestes Maia, contratado por la alcadía de la ciudad desde 1934. Ese plan era una parte de un gran proyecto para modernizar la ciudad.

Analysis of the changes in the consumption profile of the system use gas in Bolivia-Brazil Gas Pipeline after integration with the Campinas-Rio Gas Pipeline; Analise das alteracoes do perfil de consumo de gas de sistema no Gasoduto Bolivia-Brasil apos a interligacao deste gasoduto com o Campinas-Rio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santos, Almir Beserra dos; Bisaggio, Helio da Cunha; Veloso, Luciano de Gusmao [Agencia Nacional do Petroleo, Gas Natural e Biocombustiveis (ANP), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2008-07-01

The natural gas pipeline transport is carried out by one or more compression stations. Each station possesses one or more compressors. The compressor's fuel is usually natural gas itself. The amount of natural gas consumed by the compressors fluctuates daily according to the demand at the city-gates. The daily operational result of a pipeline is known as imbalance. The imbalance is the difference between the natural gas entering into a in a pipeline and the volume delivered in the city-gates added to system use gas. The imbalance analyses in a pipeline that uses natural gas powered compressors requires the analyses of the system use gas. The aim of this work is to study the system use gas in the Bolivia-Brazil pipeline using the available data from the Superintendencia de Comercializacao e Movimentacao de Petroleo, seus Derivados e Gas Natural - ANP and compare the change of the volume consumed before and after the entry into operation of the Campinas-Rio gas pipeline. (author)

River water pollution condition in upper part of Brantas River and Bengawan Solo River

Science.gov (United States)

Roosmini, D.; Septiono, M. A.; Putri, N. E.; Shabrina, H. M.; Salami, I. R. S.; Ariesyady, H. D.

2018-01-01

Wastewater and solid waste from both domestic and industry have been known to give burden on river water quality. Most of river water quality problem in Indonesia has start in the upper part of river due to anthropogenic activities, due to inappropriate land use management including the poor wastewater infrastructure. Base on Upper Citarum River Water pollution problem, it is interesting to study the other main river in Java Island. Bengawan Solo River and Brantas River were chosen as the sample in this study. Parameters assessed in this study are as follows: TSS, TDS, pH, DO, and hexavalent chromium. The status of river water quality are assess using STORET method. Based on (five) parameters, STORET value showed that in Brantas River, Pagerluyung monitoring point had the worst quality relatively compared to other monitoring point in Brantas River with exceeding copper, lead and tin compared to the stream standard in East Java Provincial Regulation No. 2 in 2008. Brantas River was categorized as lightly polluted river based on monitoring period 2011-2015 in 5 monitoring points, namely Pendem, Sengguruh, Kademangan, Meritjan and Kertosono.

Comparação das estimativas de prevalência de indicadores de saúde no Município de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, nos anos de 2001/2002 (ISA-SP e 2008/2009 (ISA-Camp Comparación de las estimaciones de prevalencia en los indicadores de salud en Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, durante los años 2001/2002 (ISA-SP y 2008/2009 (ISA-Camp Comparison of prevalence estimates for health indicators in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil, in 2001-2002 (ISA-SP and 2008-2009 (ISA-Camp

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chester Luis Galvão César

2013-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do estudo foi comparar estimativas da prevalência de indicadores de saúde para adultos residentes em Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, utilizando dados de inquéritos domiciliares realizados em diferentes períodos de tempo (ISA-SP 2001/2002 e ISA-Camp 2008/2009, com amostras de 941 e 2.637 indivíduos de 18 anos e mais, respectivamente. Variáveis sociodemográficas caracterizaram a população estudada. Foram estimadas prevalências e seus respectivos intervalos de 95% de confiança e as comparações foram realizadas pelas razões de prevalência ajustadas por sexo, idade e escolaridade, obtidas pela regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Diferenças estatisticamente significantes foram observadas para as prevalências de: morbidade referida, uso de medicamentos, percentual dos que nunca fumaram, realização dos exames de Papanicolaou e de mamografia, alguma vez na vida. O acompanhamento de indicadores de saúde por inquéritos repetidos em uma mesma população pode facilitar o monitoramento de objetivos e metas fornecendo subsídios ao planejamento de ações em saúde.El objetivo del estudio fue comparar las estimaciones de prevalencia en los indicadores de salud para los adultos que viven en Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, con datos de encuestas de diferentes períodos de tiempo (ISA-SP 2001/2002 y ISA-Camp 2008/2009, con muestras de 941 y 2.637 personas de 18 años y más, respectivamente. Las variables sociodemográficas caracterizaron a la población de estudio. Se estimaron la prevalencia y sus respectivos intervalos de confianza del 95% y las comparaciones se realizaron por razones de prevalencia ajustadas por sexo, edad y educación, obtenidas mediante la regresión de Poisson. Se observaron diferencias estadísticas en la prevalencia de morbilidad, uso de medicamentos, el porcentaje de quienes nunca habían fumado, la realización de citologías vaginales y mamografías, en algún momento de sus vidas. El seguimiento

River-corridor habitat dynamics, Lower Missouri River

Science.gov (United States)

Jacobson, Robert B.

2010-01-01

Intensive management of the Missouri River for navigation, flood control, and power generation has resulted in substantial physical changes to the river corridor. Historically, the Missouri River was characterized by a shifting, multithread channel and abundant unvegetated sandbars. The shifting channel provided a wide variety of hydraulic environments and large areas of connected and unconnected off-channel water bodies.Beginning in the early 1800s and continuing to the present, the channel of the Lower Missouri River (downstream from Sioux City, Iowa) has been trained into a fast, deep, single-thread channel to stabilize banks and maintain commercial navigation. Wing dikes now concentrate the flow, and revetments and levees keep the channel in place and disconnect it from the flood plain. In addition, reservoir regulation of the Missouri River upstream of Yankton, South Dakota, has substantially changed the annual hydrograph, sediment loads, temperature regime, and nutrient budgets.While changes to the Missouri River have resulted in broad social and economic benefits, they have also been associated with loss of river-corridor habitats and diminished populations of native fish and wildlife species. Today, Missouri River stakeholders are seeking ways to restore some natural ecosystem benefits of the Lower Missouri River without compromising traditional economic uses of the river and flood plain.

A concepção de um projeto de observatório de qualidade de vida: relato de uma experiência realizada em Campinas - SP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marco Akerman

1997-12-01

Full Text Available Partindo do pressuposto que a construção de uma Cidade Saudável exige esforços de todos seus moradores e que para que isto possa ser realizado a partir de bases científicas, os autores deste artigo apresentam a experiência do Projeto Observatório de Qualidade de Vida de Campinas com vistas à construção de um instrumento, indicador de qualidade de vida. As fases descritas foram as seguintes: mobilização intersetorial; conceituação e localização de áreas administrativas a áreas de planejametno com bases espaciais para o projeto urbanístico a ser realizado por futuras secretarias de ação regionais; construção do indicador de qualidade de vida propriamente dito a partir das bases de dados demográficos de 1991; discussões e recomendações. Tal exercício lançou bases para a consolidação de um instrumetal eficiente e factível de monitoramento contínuo de um processo intersetorial de melhoria de qualidade de vida, tal qual propõe a OMS para Cidades Saudáveis.Given the assumption that the construction of a Healthy City demands a joint effort of all its inhabitants and that this is possible from a scientific basis the authors of the text present the experience of the Campinas Quality of Life Observatory Project that aims at the design of a quality of life index instrument. The phases described are the first intersectorial mobilization, conceptualization and localization of administrative and planning areas with special basis for the urbanistic project to be developed by future regional scope administrations. Second, the construction of the quality of life index itself from the 1991 demographic database and next discussions and recommendations. Such exercise has laid the bases for the consolidation of an efficient and feasible tool of continuous monitoring of an intersectorial process of quality of life betterment such as the one proposed by WHO for Healthy Cities.

The basis for a radiological protection program to the health area of the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coelho, Rosangela Franco.

1994-01-01

There are some sectors in the Health Area of the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) that present great potential risks from the viewpoint of radiation protection. The aim of this work is to establish the basis a radiological protection program applicable to these sectors. The Diagnostic Radiology Services and the Laboratory of Cardiac Catheterization of the Hospital de Clinicas have been analyzed, as well as the Radiotherapy Services of the Center for Integral Assistance to the Women Health (CAISM). This work was mainly supported by national and international regulations related to the operative and employment aspects of the equipment and radiation sources used in the health area. Regulations related to area and individual monitoring of workers were also used. Results show that the interior of the rooms where the equipment and radiation sources are located is classified as controlled area, whereas the neighborhoods of the rooms are mostly free areas. In order to improve the radiological protection conditions, only some of the operative and employment aspects need to be modified regarding equipment and radiation sources. In this way, routine personal monitoring would not be further required. Since all the workers have their annual mean equivalent doses below 3/10 of the primary limits of the applicable equivalent dose, routine individual monitoring could be exempted. (author). 23 refs., 51 figs., 83 tabs

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Seroprevalence among Inmates of the Penitentiary Complex of the Region of Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Neusa Maria Osti

1999-07-01

Full Text Available Six hundred and ninety three male inmates from three penitentiaries, two (A and B maximum-security systems and one (C minimum-security facility, located in Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil were studied for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV antibodies, using a cross-sectional design. The search for anti-HIV antibodies in 693 samples of sera collected was carried out by two serological tests: (a the Microparticle enzyme immunoassay-HIV-1 and HIV-2 (MEIA (Abbott Laboratories and (b the Western Blot-HIV-1 (WB (Cambridge Biotech Corporation to confirm positive results with MEIA. Sera reactivity for HIV antibodies was 14.4%. The highest frequency of anti-HIV antibodies was found in the A and B maximum-security prisons: 17% and 21.5%, respectively. In prison C, the frequency of reagents was 10.9%. Seventy three inmates, initially negative in the MEIA test, were checked again five and seven months later. Three of them, all from the maximum-security facilities, became reactive in the MEIA test, with confirmation in the WB, suggesting that serological conversion had occurred after imprisonment.

Evaluation of the dispersion of oil refinery liquid effluent; Avaliacao da dispersao de efluente liquido de refinaria de petroleo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mariano, Adriano Pinto; Silva, Ariovaldo Jose da; Oliveira, Valdenilson Jose Alves de; Angelis, Dejanira de Franceschi de [Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP (Brazil). Dept. de Bioquimica e Microbiologia. Inst. de Biociencias], e-mail: adrianomariano@yahoo.com.br

2010-07-15

In this paper, two techniques to evaluate the dispersion of the effluent of an oil refinery are presented. Thus, the dispersion plume was characterized by field measurements of electrical conductivity and by computational simulation (Cormix simulator). An oil refinery whose effluent is discharged on the Atibaia river (Paulinia/SP) is taken as study case. The behavior of the effluent was evaluated until 1000 m after the discharge. The results show that the measurement of electrical conductivity is a suitable technique to evaluate the dispersion of oil refinery wastewaters, since they have high conductivity and for this reason there is a strong contrast between the values of the wastewater and the ambient background. Furthermore, other water quality parameters had a dispersion behavior similar to that shown by the conductivity. The dispersion plume generated by the computational simulator showed high concordance with the field data. In this manner, computational simulation can be a useful tool to evaluate the dispersion of discharges considering hypothetical scenarios, as well as to design the discharge channel. (author)

Prevalência de parasitoses intestinais entre os usuários do centro de saúde do Distrito de Sousas, Campinas, SP (1986-1990

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ismael Gioia

1992-09-01

Full Text Available A prevalência das parasitoses intestinais foi levantada nos usuários do Centro de Saúde do Distrito de Sousas, Campinas, SP entre 1986 e 1990. Dentre 770 prontuários observados constatou-se 114 casos positivos (14,8% para protozoários, helmintos ou comensais. Ascaris lumbricoides (48,2% seguido de Giardia lamblia (30,7%, Trichuris trichiura (18,4% e Enterobius vermicularis (9,6% foram mais prevalentes na faixa etária dos pré-escolares. Os adultos, em maior número na amostra, apresentam-se pouco parasitados. Os demais parasitos e comensais, concorrem com prevalência proporcional aos inquéritos tradicionais realizados na população brasileira, à exceção da ausência de tenídeos e baixa prevalência de Aneylostomatidae. Sugere-se a realização de exame protoparasitológico de rotina entre os pré-escolares e a utilização de dados dos postos de atendimento primário nos inquéritos parasitológicos.

Medição do aporte atmosférico dos elementos-traço nos municípios de Campinas e Paulínia com auxílio da espécie vegetal Tillanásia usneoides (L.)

OpenAIRE

Guilherme Gonçalves Pereira da Silva Ferreira

2011-01-01

Resumo: A bromélia epífita Tillandsia usneoides (L.) foi utilizada para realizar um biomonitoramento atmosférico em sete locais ao longo de uma transecta que passa pelos municípios de Campinas e Paulínia. Os pontos escolhidos situam-se próximos a rodovias, indústrias e avenidas, assim como em locais mais afastados de atividades antrópicas. Amostras da planta foram introduzidas por aproximadamente dois meses em cada um locais durante cinco intervalos sequenciais, entre abril de 2009 e março de...

TILLANDSIA USNEOIDES (L.) COMO FERRAMENTA DE MONITORAMENTO DE POLUIÇÃO ATMOSFÉRICO PARA METAIS-TRAÇO NOS MUNICÍPIOS DE CAMPINAS E PAULÍNIA, ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO, SP, BRASIL

OpenAIRE

Ferreira, Guilherme Gonçalves

2014-01-01

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236117011293O monitoramento da atmosfera na região de Campinas e Paulínia com a introdução em campo da bromélia Tillandsia usneoides (L.) abrangeu sete áreas de acordo com a identificação de possíveis fontes e distâncias envolvidas durante cinco períodos entre Abril (2009) a Março (2010). Os objetivos foram conhecer as variações espaciais e sazonais das concentrações de metais-traço em T. usneoides a partir de análises por ICP-MS e a relação com os dados climáticos ...

Adequação do conhecimento sobre métodos anticoncepcionais entre mulheres de Campinas, São Paulo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Espejo Ximena

2003-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Realizou-se uma análise de dados secundários para avaliar a adequação do conhecimento sobre métodos anticoncepcionais e sua associação com características socioeconômicas e demográficas. MÉTODO: Foi estudada uma amostra de 472 mulheres da Cidade de Campinas, Estado de São Paulo. Aplicou-se o teste qui-quadrado para avaliar diferenças entre as variáveis, e realizou-se análise múltipla por regressão logística para identificar as variáveis independentes associadas à adequação do conhecimento (medida através de um escore. RESULTADOS: Pouco menos da metade das mulheres alcançou um escore de conhecimento dos métodos anticoncepcionais maior que seis, classificado como adequado. A maior escolaridade e a melhor classificação de estrato socioeconômico associaram-se a um maior escore de conhecimento. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados apontam a necessidade de maiores investimentos na educação das mulheres de modo geral e, especificamente, quanto à contracepção. Ao mesmo tempo, é necessário que os profissionais que trabalham nos serviços públicos de saúde estejam capacitados para proverem acesso aos métodos e à informação adequada sobre eles.

Adequação do conhecimento sobre métodos anticoncepcionais entre mulheres de Campinas, São Paulo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ximena Espejo

2003-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Realizou-se uma análise de dados secundários para avaliar a adequação do conhecimento sobre métodos anticoncepcionais e sua associação com características socioeconômicas e demográficas. MÉTODO: Foi estudada uma amostra de 472 mulheres da Cidade de Campinas, Estado de São Paulo. Aplicou-se o teste qui-quadrado para avaliar diferenças entre as variáveis, e realizou-se análise múltipla por regressão logística para identificar as variáveis independentes associadas à adequação do conhecimento (medida através de um escore. RESULTADOS: Pouco menos da metade das mulheres alcançou um escore de conhecimento dos métodos anticoncepcionais maior que seis, classificado como adequado. A maior escolaridade e a melhor classificação de estrato socioeconômico associaram-se a um maior escore de conhecimento. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados apontam a necessidade de maiores investimentos na educação das mulheres de modo geral e, especificamente, quanto à contracepção. Ao mesmo tempo, é necessário que os profissionais que trabalham nos serviços públicos de saúde estejam capacitados para proverem acesso aos métodos e à informação adequada sobre eles.

Perfil epidemiológico das intoxicações alimentares notificadas no Centro de Atendimento Toxicológico de Campina Grande, Paraíba Epidemiological profile of food intoxication reported by the Poisoning Information Center of Campina Grande, Paraíba

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristiane Falcão de Almeida

2008-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Descrever as características sociodemográficas relacionadas às intoxicações alimentares notificadas pelo Centro de Atendimento Toxicológico de Campina Grande (CEATOX - CG, PB, em 2005. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram obtidos das Fichas de Notificação do Sinitox (Sistema Nacional de Informações Tóxico-Farmacológicas. As variáveis coletadas foram: gênero, faixa etária, zona de residência do paciente, sazonalidade, ocupação, grau de instrução, alimento responsável pela intoxicação e evolução (cura/óbito. RESULTADOS: Foram registrados 162 casos de intoxicação por alimentos, de um total de 1.443 ocorrências de intoxicações e acidentes com plantas tóxicas e animais peçonhentos durante o ano de 2005. Observou-se que o gênero feminino foi o de maior percentual encontrado, com 56,2%. A faixa etária entre 20 - 29 anos foi a mais prevalente, assim como a grande maioria dos pacientes notificados residia na zona urbana, representando 95,7% (155 do total de casos de intoxicação alimentar (162. Com relação ao grau de instrução e ocupação 59,9% e 44,4% dos casos, respectivamente, não foram identificados. Os alimentos identificados nas intoxicações foram as carnes (11,0%. Nenhum óbito foi registrado no período estudado. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que as intoxicações por alimentos registradas no Ceatox-CG representam 11,2% dos casos atendidos e notificados neste Centro, ocupando o terceiro lugar em relação aos outros agentes tóxicos. O sistema de notificação utilizado pelo Centro, apesar de possuir um grande volume de informações, não é preenchido devidamente, faltando aspectos importantes na análise final dos dados.OBJECTIVES: This work aimed to identify socio-demographic aspects related to food intoxications reported by the Poisoning Information Center of Campina Grande (CEATOX - CG, PB, in 2005. METHODS

[Health assessment of river ecosystem in Haihe River Basin, China].

Science.gov (United States)

Hao, Li-Xia; Sun, Ran-Hao; Chen, Li-Ding

2014-10-01

With the development of economy, the health of river ecosystem is severely threatened because of the increasing effects of human activities on river ecosystem. In this paper, the authors assessed the river ecosystem health in aspects of chemical integrity and biological integrity, using the criterion in water quality, nutrient, and benthic macroinvertebrates of 73 samples in Haihe River Basin. The research showed that the health condition of river ecosystem in Haihe River Basin was bad overall since the health situation of 72. 6% of the samples was "extremely bad". At the same time, the health situation in Haihe River Basin exhibited obvious regional gathering effect. We also found that the river water quality was closely related to human activities, and the eutrophication trend of water body was evident in Haihe River Basin. The biodiversity of the benthic animal was low and lack of clean species in the basin. The indicators such as ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were the key factors that affected the river ecosystem health in Haihe River Basin, so the government should start to curb the deterioration of river ecosystem health by controlling these nutrients indicators. For river ecosystem health assessment, the multi-factors comprehensive evaluation method was superior to single-factor method.

River habitat assessment for ecological restoration of Wei River Basin, China.

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Tao; Wang, Shuo; Li, Xiaoping; Wu, Ting; Li, Li; Chen, Jia

2018-04-11

As an important composition component of river ecosystems, river habitats must undergo quality assessment to potentially provide scientific basis for river ecological restoration. Substrate composition, habitat complexity, bank erosion degree, river meandering degree, human activity intensity, vegetation buffer width, water quality, and water condition were determined as indicators for river habitat assessment. The comprehensive habitat quality index (CHQI) was established for the Wei River Basin. In addition, the indicator values were determined on the basis of a field investigation at 12 national hydrological stations distributed across the Wei, Jing, and Beiluo Rivers. The analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the indicator weights and thus distinguish the relative importance of the assessment indicator system. Results indicated that the average CHQIs for the Wei, Jing, and Beiluo Rivers were 0.417, 0.508, and 0.304, respectively. The river habitat quality for the three rivers was well. As for the whole river basin, the river habitat quality for 25% of the cross section was very well, the other 25% was well, and the 50% remaining was in critical state. The river habitat quality of the Jing River was better than that of the Wei and Beiluo Rivers.

76 FR 51887 - Safety Zone; Patuxent River, Patuxent River, MD

Science.gov (United States)

2011-08-19

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Patuxent River, Patuxent River, MD AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary safety zone during the ``NAS Patuxent River... held over certain waters of the Patuxent River adjacent to Patuxent River, Maryland from September 1...

Prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinoma based on cytological screening in the region of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil Prevalência da neoplasia intra-epitelial cervical e do carcinoma invasivo com base no rastreamento citológico na região de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Gabriela L. d'Ottaviano-Morelli

2004-02-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to estimate and analyze the prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN and invasive cervical carcinoma based on cytological diagnosis. The study included 120,635 women undergoing cytological exams in public health services in the region of Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil, between September 1998 and March 1999. Prevalence rates per 100,000 women were: 354 for CIN I; 255 for CIN II; 141 for CIN III; and 24 for invasive carcinoma. As age increased, prevalence rates and prevalence ratios decreased for CIN grades I and II and increased for CIN III until the 50-54 age group, decreasing thereafter The prevalence rate of invasive carcinoma increased with age. The prevalence pattern of CIN II was distinct from that of CIN III, but similar to that of CIN I. This would not have been observed if the Bethesda System had been used for cytological diagnosis. Mean age at time of CIN II diagnosis was about 10 years less than for CIN III diagnosis. Therefore, a high-grade lesion diagnosed in a young woman according to the Bethesda System would probably be a CIN II, whereas in an older woman it would probably be a CIN III.O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar e analisar a prevalência das neoplasias intra-epiteliais cervicais (NIC e do carcinoma invasivo do colo uterino, com base no diagnóstico citológico. Foram incluídas 120.635 mulheres que realizaram o exame citológico, entre setembro de 1998 a março de 1999, nos serviços públicos de saúde da região de Campinas, Brasil. As prevalências por 100 mil mulheres foram: 354 para NIC I; 255 para NIC II; 141 para NIC III e 24 de carcinoma invasivo. À medida que a idade aumentou, as prevalências e razões de prevalência diminuíram para NIC I e NIC II, e aumentaram para NIC III até 50-54 anos, decrescendo após. A prevalência do carcinoma invasivo aumentou com a idade. O padrão da prevalência da NIC II é distinto do padrão da NIC III e semelhante ao da NIC I, o que n

Características das mulheres violentadas sexualmente e da adesão ao seguimento ambulatorial: tendências observadas ao longo dos anos em um serviço de referência em Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil Characteristics of women victims of sexual violence and their compliance with outpatient follow-up: time trends at a referral center in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Tadayuki Oshikata

2011-04-01

Full Text Available A violência sexual é um crime praticado contra a integridade e a liberdade sexual de uma pessoa. Atinge mulheres de todos os níveis socioeconômicos, e o agressor não escolhe a cor e nem a idade da vítima para agredi-las. É causa de elevado custo financeiro ao país e grave problema de saúde pública. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a evolução da adesão de mulheres vítimas de violência sexual ao seguimento ambulatorial, as quais foram atendidas no Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, entre janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2006. Observamos um aumento significativo no retorno às consultas agendadas. Em 2000, 41% das mulheres completavam o seguimento de seis meses, e, em 2006, o índice aumentou para 70%. Cerca de 70% das mulheres compareceram nas primeiras 24 horas após serem agredidas; a agressão por conhecidos triplicou ao longo dos anos. Houve mudanças na forma de intimidação e diminuição significativa na prescrição da anticoncepção de emergência.Sexual violence is a crime against individual integrity and sexual freedom. It affects women of all socioeconomic levels, and the perpetrator does not choose the victim's color or age. It is a source of high financial cost and a serious public health problem in Brazil. The current study aimed to assess compliance with outpatient follow-up by women victims of sexual violence treated at the Center for Women's Comprehensive Healthcare at the State University in Campinas, São Paulo State, from January 2000 to December 2006. We observed a significant increase in the return for scheduled appointments. In 2000, 41% of the women completed the six-month follow-up, and by 2006 the proportion had increased to 70%. Some 70% of the women appeared for treatment within 24 hours after being raped. Sexual assault by perpetrators known to the victims tripled during this same period. There were changes in the forms of intimidation and a

Análise da contaminação fúngica em amostras de Cassia acutifolia Delile (sene e Peumus boldus (Molina Lyons (boldo-do-Chile comercializadas na cidade de Campinas, Brasil Analysis of the fungal contamination in Cassia acutifolia Delile (sene and Peumus boldus (Molina Lyons (boldo-do-Chile sold in Campinas, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liliana de O. Rocha

2004-12-01

Full Text Available A sociedade atual tem buscado a fitoterapia como um importante recurso terapêutico, sendo a avaliação da qualidade microbiológica destes produtos um requisito essencial, considerando a sua origem. Deste modo, o objetivo da pesquisa foi realizar a contagem e a identificação de fungos filamentosos em 20 amostras de folhas de Cassia acutifolia Delile (sene e de Peumus boldus (Molina Lyons (boldo-do-Chile comercializadas em farmácias de manipulação e mercados da cidade de Campinas, Brasil, usando as técnicas microbiológicas clássicas. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que 45% das amostras analisadas se situavam fora dos padrões estabelecidos pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas na análise quantitativa da contaminação fúngica entre amostras comercializadas em farmácias de manipulação e mercados, tanto para o boldo-do-Chile como para a sene. Os fungos identificados nestas amostras foram: Aspergillus, Penicillium, Phoma, Cladosporium, Trichoderma, Rhizopus, Mucor, Aureobasidium pullulans, Mycelia sterilia, Acremonium e Monilia sitophila. Estes resultados demonstraram o baixo nível de qualidade desses fitoterápicos, pois, além do elevado número de amostras contaminadas, foram identificados fungos de gêneros produtores de micotoxinas, como o Aspergillus e o Penicillium. Verifica-se a urgência na realização de adequado controle de qualidade microbiológico dos fitoterápicos e de implantação de fiscalização efetiva, para garantir a segurança e eficácia destes produtos.The consumption of medicinal plants has increased during the last years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and identify fungi specimens present in samples of Cassia acutifolia Delile (20 (sene and Peumus boldus (Molina Lyons (Boldo-do-Chile (20, that were purchased in drugstores and markets of Campinas, Brazil, by usual methods. The results showed that 45% of samples did not fit the minimum

Adequação do conhecimento sobre métodos anticoncepcionais entre mulheres de Campinas, São Paulo Knowledge adequacy on contraceptives among women in Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ximena Espejo

2003-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Realizou-se uma análise de dados secundários para avaliar a adequação do conhecimento sobre métodos anticoncepcionais e sua associação com características socioeconômicas e demográficas. MÉTODO: Foi estudada uma amostra de 472 mulheres da Cidade de Campinas, Estado de São Paulo. Aplicou-se o teste qui-quadrado para avaliar diferenças entre as variáveis, e realizou-se análise múltipla por regressão logística para identificar as variáveis independentes associadas à adequação do conhecimento (medida através de um escore. RESULTADOS: Pouco menos da metade das mulheres alcançou um escore de conhecimento dos métodos anticoncepcionais maior que seis, classificado como adequado. A maior escolaridade e a melhor classificação de estrato socioeconômico associaram-se a um maior escore de conhecimento. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados apontam a necessidade de maiores investimentos na educação das mulheres de modo geral e, especificamente, quanto à contracepção. Ao mesmo tempo, é necessário que os profissionais que trabalham nos serviços públicos de saúde estejam capacitados para proverem acesso aos métodos e à informação adequada sobre eles.OBJECTIVE: An analysis of secondary data was carried out to evaluate the knowledge adequacy on contraceptives and its association with socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. METHODS: The sample consisted of 472 women from the city of Campinas, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Chi-square test was used to evaluate differences among variables and logistic regression was performed to identify independent variables associated with knowledge adequacy (evaluated through a score. RESULTS: Of the total, 47.6% women reached a score higher than six, which was classified as an adequate knowledge on contraceptives. Higher schooling and better socioeconomic status were associated to higher scores of knowledge. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that it is necessary to improve women

50 CFR 226.205 - Critical habitat for Snake River sockeye salmon, Snake River fall chinook salmon, and Snake River...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... salmon, Snake River fall chinook salmon, and Snake River spring/summer chinook salmon. 226.205 Section... Snake River sockeye salmon, Snake River fall chinook salmon, and Snake River spring/summer chinook salmon. The following areas consisting of the water, waterway bottom, and adjacent riparian zone of...

Numerical modelling of river processes: flow and river bed deformation

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Tassi, P.A.

2007-01-01

The morphology of alluvial river channels is a consequence of complex interaction among a number of constituent physical processes, such as flow, sediment transport and river bed deformation. This is, an alluvial river channel is formed from its own sediment. From time to time, alluvial river

33 CFR 117.734 - Navesink River (Swimming River).

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Navesink River (Swimming River). 117.734 Section 117.734 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY... (Swimming River). The Oceanic Bridge, mile 4.5, shall open on signal; except that, from December 1 through...

Operation of river systems. The Otra river

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harby, A.; Vaskinn, K.A.; Wathne, M.; Heggenes, J.; Saltveit, S.J.

1993-12-01

The purpose of the project described in this report was to prepare an operative tool for making decisions about the operation of the power system on the river Otra (Norway) with regard to how this operation might affect the various users of the river system. Above all this affects fish, outdoor life and esthetic values. The connection between water quality and volume of discharge has been examined in a sub project. How suitable parts of the river are as habitats for trout has been simulated on a computer. From field investigation it is concluded that near the Steinfoss power station the physical conditions for trout depend on the operation of the river system. Outdoor life is not much affected downstream Vikeland. 11 refs., 22 figs., 2 tabs

33 CFR 165.150 - New Haven Harbor, Quinnipiac River, Mill River.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... River, Mill River. 165.150 Section 165.150 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... New Haven Harbor, Quinnipiac River, Mill River. (a) The following is a regulated navigation area: The... 303°T to point D at the west bank of the mouth of the Mill River 41°18′05″ N, 72°54′23″ W thence south...

Many rivers to cross. Cross border co-operation in river management

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Verwijmeren, J.A.; Wiering, M.A.

2007-01-01

River basin management is a key concept in contemporary water policy. Since the management of rivers is best designed and implemented at the scale of the river basin, it seems obvious that we should not confine ourselves to administrative or geographical borders. In other words, river basin

Tendências anuais e sazonais nos extremos de temperatura do ar e precipitação em campina grande - pb

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leydson Galvíncio Dantas

2015-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Devido à rápida expansão urbana e potencial turístico da região, o objetivo deste estudo foi a obtenção da distribuição temporal dos índices de extremos climáticos dependentes de dados diários de temperatura e precipitação, definido pela OMM, para o período de 1975 a 2011, e utilizando os testes estatísticos não paramétricos obter a magnitude das tendências dos referidos índices para a cidade de Campina Grande - PB. Os resultados mostram que as temperaturas mínimas e máxima diárias têm aumentado gradativamente ao longo das últimas décadas, apresentando tendências sazonais crescentes ao longo dos anos e que as temperaturas mínimas tiveram maior aumento. O número de dias e noites quentes por ano tem aumentado, proporcionando assim uma redução significativa dos dias e noites frias. Foi observado que as temperaturas mínimas e máximas apresentam maiores tendências de aumento nas estações do outono e primavera, respectivamente. Baseado nos índices extremos de precipitação, mesmo sem significância estatística, foi observado que as chuvas intensas tendem a aumentar, ocorrendo em um período menor de tempo.

Padrão de atividade física entre gestantes atendidas pela estratégia saúde da família de Campina Grande - PB Physical activity patterns in pregnant women attending the family health program of Campina Grande - PB

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jousilene de Sales Tavares

2009-03-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A atividade física realizada durante a gestação vem sendo discutida devido aos seus efeitos benéficos tanto para a saúde materna como para o crescimento fetal e desfechos gestacionais, porém ainda são escassos estudos sobre o padrão de atividade física neste período. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o padrão de atividade física entre gestantes atendidas pela estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF do município de Campina Grande/PB. MÉTODOS:Foi acompanhada uma coorte observacional de gestantes (n=118, a partir da 16ª semana gestacional, durante os anos de 2005 a 2006. A cada quatro semanas eram aferidas as condições clínicas, socioeconômicas e obstétricas, incluindo a aplicação de um questionário específico sobre atividade física na 16ª, 24ª e 32ª semanas gestacionais. A avaliação foi feita a partir da somatória do equivalente metabólico (METs e as atividades cotidianas foram divididas em quatro grupos: atividades laboral, doméstica e caminhada, além de inatividade. As gestantes foram classificadas de acordo com o padrão de atividade física realizado em: sedentárias, praticantes de atividades física leve, moderada e vigorosa. Os dados foram analisados no programa Epi Info 3.4.1. RESULTADOS: As características socioeconômicas da coorte estudada indicaram majoritariamente gestantes de baixo poder aquisitivo, baixa escolaridade e baixo percentual de mulheres economicamente ativas. O padrão de atividade física observado foi baixo desde o primeiro trimestre gestacional, oscilando entre o leve e o sedentário, e foi diminuindo com o evoluir da gravidez, com 100% das gestantes alcançando o padrão sedentário na 32ª semana. Em relação aos grupos de atividades, observou-se um predomínio de atividades domésticas, seguidas pelas atividades de lazer. CONCLUSÃO:Na coorte estudada verificou-se um padrão de atividade física inadequado desde o início da gestação, agravando-se no terceiro trimestre gestacional

Indicadores de prescrição médica nas unidades básicas de Saúde da Família no município de Campina Grande, PB Prescription indicators in Family Health basic units of the municipal district of Campina Grande, PB

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrezza Duarte Farias

2007-06-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: O Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS assegura o acesso aos medicamentos, mediante a garantia da execução integral da Assistência Farmacêutica. A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS desenvolveu os Indicadores do Uso de Medicamentos com o intuito de descrever e avaliar aspectos que afetam a prática farmacêutica nos centros de saúde. OBJETIVO: Conhecer a(s classes terapêuticas mais prescritas, segundo os indicadores de prescrição médica nas Unidades de Saúde da Família (UBSF do município de Campina Grande. MÉTODOS: O estudo baseou-se nos Indicadores de Prescrição de Medicamentos propostos pela OMS. Os medicamentos foram classificados segundo a Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification (ATC e os dados analisados utilizando-se os programas EpiInfo 2000 e Excel. RESULTADOS: Foi prescrita uma média de 1,5 medicamentos por receita médica. A porcentagem de antibióticos prescritos foi de 21,1%. Os medicamentos foram prescritos pelo nome genérico em 84,2% das prescrições e apenas 1,1% eram injetáveis. Faziam parte da lista de medicamentos padronizados 91,9% dos prescritos. O grupo farmacológico mais prescrito foi o de antibióticos (21,0%, seguido dos antiparasitários (18,4%, analgésicos e antipiréticos (15,4%, medicamentos para o aparelho digestivo (9,5% e respiratório (9,2%. CONCLUSÕES: Percebe-se a importância de conhecer as principais demandas da comunidade, a fim de que os serviços possam planejar e realizar intervenções pertinentes às necessidades da população. Os indicadores apresentaram bons índices, demonstrando possível conseqüência da Política Nacional de Medicamentos e da realização da Conferência Municipal de Medicamentos e Assistência Farmacêutica.INTRODUCTION: The "Sistema Único de Saúde" (Unified National Health System - SUS ensures access to medication through the guarantee of integral pharmaceutical care. The World Health Organization (WHO developed Indicators on the

[Nutrients Input Characteristics of the Yangtze River and Wangyu River During the "Water Transfers on Lake Taihu from the Yangtze River"].

Science.gov (United States)

Pan, Xiao-xue; Ma, Ying-qun; Qin, Yan-wen; Zou, Hua

2015-08-01

Overall 20 surface water samples were collected from the Yangtze River, the Wangyu River and the Gonghu Bay (Lake Taihu) to clarify the pollution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus during 2 sample stages of "Water Transfers on Lake Taihu from the Yangtze River" in August and December of 2013 respectively. The results showed that the mass concentrations of NO2- -N, NO3- -N, NH4+ -N and TN in the Gonghu Bay were lower than those of the Yangtze River and Wangyu River during the 2 water transfer processes. However, there was higher level of DON content in the Gonghu Bay than that of the Yangtze River and Wangyu River. The percentages of various N species showed that NO3- -N was the major N species in the Yangtze River and Wangyu River during the 2 water transfer processes. TP contents in samples collected from the Yangtze River displayed a constant trend compared with the Wangyu River. However, the percentages of various P species were different with each other during the 2 water transfer processes. Mass concentrations of DON and TP in surface water in August were higher than those in December and the contents of NO3- -N and TDP were lower in August than those in December. In general, NO3- -N and TPP were the main N and P species in Wangyu River from the Yangtze River. NO3- -N, PO4(3-) -P and TPP were the main N and P species in Gonghu Bay from Wangyu River during the 2 water transfer processes.

River-Based Experiential Learning: the Bear River Fellows Program

Science.gov (United States)

Rosenberg, D. E.; Shirley, B.; Roark, M. F.

2012-12-01

The Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Outdoor Recreation, and Parks and Recreation programs at Utah State University (USU) have partnered to offer a new, unique river-based experiential learning opportunity for undergraduates called the Bear River Fellows Program. The program allows incoming freshmen Fellows to experience a river first hand during a 5-day/4-night river trip on the nearby Bear River two weeks before the start of their first Fall semester. As part of the program, Fellows will navigate the Bear River in canoes, camp along the banks, interact with local water and environmental managers, collect channel cross section, stream flow, vegetation cover, and topological complexity data, meet other incoming freshmen, interact with faculty and graduate students, develop boating and leadership skills, problem solve, and participate as full members of the trip team. Subsequently, Fellows will get paid as undergraduate researchers during their Fall and Spring Freshman semesters to analyze, synthesize, and present the field data they collect. The program is a collaborative effort between two USU academic units and the (non-academic) division of Student Services and supports a larger National Science Foundation funded environmental modelling and management project for the lower Bear River, Utah watershed. We have advertised the program via Facebook and emails to incoming USU freshmen, received 35 applications (60% women), and accepted 5 Fellows into the program (3 female and 2 male). The river trip departs August 14, 2012. The poster will overview the Bear River Fellows Program and present qualitative and preliminary outcomes emerging from the trip and Fellows' work through the Fall semester with the field data they collect. We will also undertake more rigorous and longer longitudinal quantitative evaluation of Program outcomes (for example, in problem-solving and leadership) both in Spring 2013 and in subsequent 2013 and 2014 offerings of the

Comparative Research on River Basin Management in the Sagami River Basin (Japan and the Muda River Basin (Malaysia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lay Mei Sim

2018-05-01

Full Text Available In the world, river basins often interwoven into two or more states or prefectures and because of that, disputes over water are common. Nevertheless, not all shared river basins are associated with water conflicts. Rivers in Japan and Malaysia play a significant role in regional economic development. They also play a significant role as water sources for industrial, domestic, agricultural, aquaculture, hydroelectric power generation, and the environment. The research aim is to determine the similarities and differences between the Sagami and Muda River Basins in order to have a better understanding of the governance needed for effectively implementing the lessons drawn from the Sagami River Basin for improving the management of the Muda River Basin in Malaysia. This research adopts qualitative and quantitative approaches. Semi-structured interviews were held with the key stakeholders from both basins and show that Japan has endeavored to present policy efforts to accommodate the innovative approaches in the management of their water resources, including the establishment of a river basin council. In Malaysia, there is little or no stakeholder involvement in the Muda River Basin, and the water resource management is not holistic and is not integrated as it should be. Besides that, there is little or no Integrated Resources Water Management, a pre-requisite for sustainable water resources. The results from this comparative study concluded that full support and participation from public stakeholders (meaning the non-government and non-private sector stakeholders is vital for achieving sustainable water use in the Muda River Basin. Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM approaches such as the introduction of payments for ecosystems services and the development of river basin organization in the Muda River Basin should take place in the spirit of political willingness.

RiverCare: towards self-sustaining multifunctional rivers

Science.gov (United States)

Augustijn, Denie; Schielen, Ralph; Hulscher, Suzanne

2014-05-01

Rivers are inherently dynamic water systems involving complex interactions among hydrodynamics, morphology and ecology. In many deltas around the world lowland rivers are intensively managed to meet objectives like safety, navigation, hydropower and water supply. With the increasing pressure of growing population and climate change it will become even more challenging to reach or maintain these objectives and probably also more demanding from a management point of view. In the meantime there is a growing awareness that rivers are natural systems and that, rather than further regulation works, the dynamic natural processes should be better utilized (or restored) to reach the multifunctional objectives. Currently many integrated river management projects are initiated all over the world, in large rivers as well as streams. Examples of large scale projects in the Netherlands are 'Room for the River' (Rhine), the 'Maaswerken' (Meuse), the Deltaprogramme and projects originating from the European Water Framework Directive (WFD). These projects include innovative measures executed never before on this scale and include for example longitudinal training dams, side channels, removal of bank protection, remeandering of streams, dredging/nourishment and floodplain rehabilitation. Although estimates have been made on the effects of these measures for many of the individual projects, the overall effects on the various management objectives remains uncertain, especially if all projects are considered in connection. For all stakeholders with vested interests in the river system it is important to know how that system evolves at intermediate and longer time scales (10 to 100 years) and what the consequences will be for the various river functions. If the total, integrated response of the system can be predicted, the system may be managed in a more effective way, making optimum use of natural processes. In this way, maintenance costs may be reduced, the system remains more natural

Bathymetric surveys of the Neosho River, Spring River, and Elk River, northeastern Oklahoma and southwestern Missouri, 2016–17

Science.gov (United States)

Hunter, Shelby L.; Ashworth, Chad E.; Smith, S. Jerrod

2017-09-26

In February 2017, the Grand River Dam Authority filed to relicense the Pensacola Hydroelectric Project with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. The predominant feature of the Pensacola Hydroelectric Project is Pensacola Dam, which impounds Grand Lake O’ the Cherokees (locally called Grand Lake) in northeastern Oklahoma. Identification of information gaps and assessment of project effects on stakeholders are central aspects of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission relicensing process. Some upstream stakeholders have expressed concerns about the dynamics of sedimentation and flood flows in the transition zone between major rivers and Grand Lake O’ the Cherokees. To relicense the Pensacola Hydroelectric Project with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, the hydraulic models for these rivers require high-resolution bathymetric data along the river channels. In support of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission relicensing process, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Grand River Dam Authority, performed bathymetric surveys of (1) the Neosho River from the Oklahoma border to the U.S. Highway 60 bridge at Twin Bridges State Park, (2) the Spring River from the Oklahoma border to the U.S. Highway 60 bridge at Twin Bridges State Park, and (3) the Elk River from Noel, Missouri, to the Oklahoma State Highway 10 bridge near Grove, Oklahoma. The Neosho River and Spring River bathymetric surveys were performed from October 26 to December 14, 2016; the Elk River bathymetric survey was performed from February 27 to March 21, 2017. Only areas inundated during those periods were surveyed.The bathymetric surveys covered a total distance of about 76 river miles and a total area of about 5 square miles. Greater than 1.4 million bathymetric-survey data points were used in the computation and interpolation of bathymetric-survey digital elevation models and derived contours at 1-foot (ft) intervals. The minimum bathymetric-survey elevation of the Neosho

Classification of Tropical River Using Chemometrics Technique: Case Study in Pahang River, Malaysia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mohd Khairul Amri Kamarudin; Mohd Ekhwan Toriman; Nur Hishaam Sulaiman

2015-01-01

River classification is very important to know the river characteristic in study areas, where this database can help to understand the behaviour of the river. This article discusses about river classification using Chemometrics techniques in mainstream of Pahang River. Based on river survey, GIS and Remote Sensing database, the chemometric analysis techniques have been used to identify the cluster on the Pahang River using Hierarchical Agglomerative Cluster Analysis (HACA). Calibration and validation process using Discriminant Analysis (DA) has been used to confirm the HACA result. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) study to see the strong coefficient where the Pahang River has been classed. The results indicated the main of Pahang River has been classed to three main clusters as upstream, middle stream and downstream. Base on DA analysis, the calibration and validation model shows 100 % convinced. While the PCA indicates there are three variables that have a significant correlation, domination slope with R"2 0.796, L/D ratio with R"2 -0868 and sinuosity with R"2 0.557. Map of the river classification with moving class also was produced. Where the green colour considered in valley erosion zone, yellow in a low terrace of land near the channels and red colour class in flood plain and valley deposition zone. From this result, the basic information can be produced to understand the characteristics of the main Pahang River. This result is important to local authorities to make decisions according to the cluster or guidelines for future study in Pahang River, Malaysia specifically and for Tropical River generally. The research findings are important to local authorities by providing basic data as a guidelines to the integrated river management at Pahang River, and Tropical River in general. (author)

A importância dos catadores de materiais recicláveis no processo de gestão ambiental dos resíduos sólidos urbanos: breves reflexões na cidade de Campina Grande/PB

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Suellen Silva Pereira

2013-07-01

Full Text Available O trabalho em foco objetiva ressaltar o papel do catador de materiais recicláveis no processo de gestão dos resíduos sólidos, haja vista que ao retirar os materiais recicláveis do meio ambiente há uma redução da exploração dos recursos naturais que se encontram, por vezes, no limite de sua oferta, bem como terminam sendo responsáveis por fazé-los retornar ao mercado consumidor com menor gasto energético; ao tempo que reflete a realidade dos catadores da cidade de Campina Grande/PB, após o encerramento da disposição final dos resíduos no ambiente do lixão municipal.

River Corridor Easements

Data.gov (United States)

Vermont Center for Geographic Information — A River Corridor Easement (RCE) is an area of conserved land adjacent to a river or stream that was conserved to permanently protect the lateral area the river needs...

Compromised Rivers: Understanding Historical Human Impacts on Rivers in the Context of Restoration

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ellen Wohl

2005-12-01

Full Text Available A river that preserves a simplified and attractive form may nevertheless have lost function. Loss of function in these rivers can occur because hydrologic and geomorphic processes no longer create and maintain the habitat and natural disturbance regimes necessary for ecosystem integrity. Recognition of compromised river function is particularly important in the context of river restoration, in which the public perception of a river's condition often drives the decision to undertake restoration as well as the decision about what type of restoration should be attempted. Determining the degree to which a river has been altered from its reference condition requires a knowledge of historical land use and the associated effects on rivers. Rivers of the Front Range of the Colorado Rocky Mountains in the United States are used to illustrate how historical land uses such as beaver trapping, placer mining, tie drives, flow regulation, and the construction of transportation corridors continue to affect contemporary river characteristics. Ignorance of regional land use and river history can lead to restoration that sets unrealistic goals because it is based on incorrect assumptions about a river's reference condition or about the influence of persistent land-use effects.

Estudo de operações city logistics para aumento da competitividade em uma empresa de aparelhos auditivos na cidade de Campinas-SP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David Costa Monteiro

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Discute-se no presente artigo as possibilidades de operação logística viabilizada a partir das necessidades e das ideias patrocinadas por uma empresa que comercializa aparelhos auditivos na cidade de Campinas, no interior paulista, que para enfrentar os sérios problemas logísticos de distribuição de aparelhos auditivos nessa cidade, precisou inovar no campo da distribuição de seus produtos. Contextualiza-se que a logística muitas vezes é algo intuitivo, o que, na prática, costuma levar o gestor justamente ao estudo da temática, merecedora sempre de ratificação e permanente estudo. Objetivou-se rever questões centrais da logística, especificamente objetivando-se expor como a disciplina de fato auxiliou determinada organização a resolver problema concreto de distribuição de seus produtos. O percurso metodológico passa por revisão de literatura e estudo de caso, justificando-se a pesquisa pelo seu elevado valor prático. Os resultados obtidos apontam a validade da solução adotada por determinada empresa, esta constante de dirigir-se até onde o cliente estava por intermédio de vendedores especializados, apresentando a medida a recuperação e um aumento significativo da clientela da companhia estudada.

A population-based surveillance study on severe acute maternal morbidity (near-miss and adverse perinatal outcomes in Campinas, Brazil: The Vigimoma Project

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cecatti José

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Auditing of sentinel health events based on best-practice protocols has been recommended. This study describes a population-based investigation on adverse perinatal events including severe acute maternal morbidity (near-miss, maternal and perinatal mortality, as a health intervention to help improve the surveillance system. Methods From October to December 2005, all cases of maternal death (MD, near-miss (NM, fetal deaths (FD, and early neonatal deaths (END, occurring in Campinas, Brazil, were audited by maternal mortality committees. Results A total of 4,491 liveborn infants (LB and 159 adverse perinatal events (35.4/1000 LB were revised, consisting of 4 MD (89/100.000 LB and 95 NM (21.1/1000 LB, 23.7 NM for each MD. In addition, 32 FD (7.1/1000 LB and 28 END (6.2/1000 LB occurred. The maternal death/near miss rate was 23.7:1. Some delay in care was recognized for 34%, and hypertensive complications comprised 57.8% of the NM events, followed by postpartum hemorrhage. Conclusion Auditing near miss cases expanded the understanding of the spectrum from maternal morbidity to mortality and the importance of promoting adhesion to clinical protocols among maternal mortality committee members. Hypertensive disorders and postpartum hemorrhage were identified as priority topics for health providers training, and organization of care.

Geomorphology and river dynamics of the lower Copper River, Alaska

Science.gov (United States)

Brabets, Timothy P.; Conaway, Jeffrey S.

2009-01-01

Located in south-central Alaska, the Copper River drains an area of more than 24,000 square miles. The average annual flow of the river near its mouth is 63,600 cubic feet per second, but is highly variable between winter and summer. In the winter, flow averages approximately 11,700 cubic feet per second, and in the summer, due to snowmelt, rainfall, and glacial melt, flow averages approximately 113,000 cubic feet per second, an order of magnitude higher. About 15 miles upstream of its mouth, the Copper River flows past the face of Childs Glacier and enters a large, broad, delta. The Copper River Highway traverses this flood plain, and in 2008, 11 bridges were located along this section of the highway. The bridges cross several parts of the Copper River and in recent years, the changing course of the river has seriously damaged some of the bridges.Analysis of aerial photography from 1991, 1996, 2002, 2006, and 2007 indicates the eastward migration of a channel of the Copper River that has resulted in damage to the Copper River Highway near Mile 43.5. Migration of another channel in the flood plain has resulted in damage to the approach of Bridge 339. As a verification of channel change, flow measurements were made at bridges along the Copper River Highway in 2005–07. Analysis of the flow measurements indicate that the total flow of the Copper River has shifted from approximately 50 percent passing through the bridges at Mile 27, near the western edge of the flood plain, and 50 percent passing through the bridges at Mile 36–37 to approximately 5 percent passing through the bridges at Mile 27 and 95 percent through the bridges at Mile 36–37 during average flow periods.The U.S. Geological Survey’s Multi-Dimensional Surface-Water Modeling System was used to simulate water-surface elevation and velocity, and to compute bed shear stress at two areas where the Copper River is affecting the Copper River Highway. After calibration, the model was used to examine the

River basin administration

Science.gov (United States)

Management of international rivers and their basins is the focus of the Centre for Comparative Studies on (International) River Basin Administration, recently established at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands. Water pollution, sludge, and conflicting interests in the use of water in upstream and downstream parts of a river basin will be addressed by studying groundwater and consumption of water in the whole catchment area of a river.Important aspects of river management are administrative and policy aspects. The Centre will focus on policy, law, planning, and organization, including transboundary cooperation, posing standards, integrated environmental planning on regional scale and environmental impact assessments.

Estudo caso-controle sobre exposição precoce ao leite de vaca e ocorrência de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 em Campina Grande, Paraíba Case-control study on early exposure to cow's milk and the occurrence of Diabetes Mellitus type 1 in Campina Grande in the State of Paraíba

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Josimar dos Santos Medeiros

2003-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: estudar a relação entre exposição precoce ao leite de vaca e ocorrência de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 entre menores de 18 anos atendidos no Hospital Universitário Alcides Carneiro, em Campina Grande. MÉTODOS: estudo caso-controle. A amostra foi constituída por 128 indivíduos de ambos os sexos. Foram entrevistadas 64 mães de portadores de Diabetes Mellitus e 64 mães de controles. Análises univariadas e multivariadas foram utilizadas. RESULTADOS: 84,4% dos indivíduos diabéticos foram expostos ao leite de vaca antes dos quatro meses de idade, enquanto que no grupo controle este percentual foi de 64,1%. A análise univariada identificou uma associação estatisticamente significante entre exposição precoce ao leite de vaca e Diabetes (p = 0,01. Na análise multivariada, essa associação permaneceu e a razão chances estimada foi de 4,09 (IC95%: 1,19 - 14,04; p = 0,01. CONCLUSÕES: os resultados indicam uma forte associação entre exposição precoce ao leite de vaca e ocorrência de Diabetes Mellitus tipo1 na população estudada. Assim, crianças expostas precocemente ao leite de vaca apresentam uma chance maior de adquirir a doença quando comparadas àquelas que receberam aleitamento materno exclusivo até pelo menos quatro meses após o nascimento.OBJECTIVES: to study the relationship between early exposure to cow's milk and Diabetes Mellitus, type 1 among children under 18 years old seen at the Hospital Universitário Alcides Carneiro, in Campina Grande. METHODS: case-control study. Sample of 128 individuals of both sexes. Sixty-four mothers with Diabetes Mellitus type 1 and 64 mothers of a control group. Univariate and multivariate analysis was accomplished through logistic and conditional regression. RESULTS: 84,4% of diabetic individuals were exposed to cow mild before four months of age while in the control group this percentage was 64,1%. Univariate analysis determined a significant statistic association between

Comparação da aplicação da remediação em areas degradadas e da implantação de sistemas integrados nas cidades de Campinas (SP), Americana (SP), Porto Alegre (RS) e Caxias do Sul (RS)

OpenAIRE

Rodolfo Sergio Ferruccio

1997-01-01

Resumo: Este estudo visa a comparação das metodologias utilizadas nos projetos, nas construções e nos sistemas operacionais de aterros acelerados, que possibilitaram a remediação de áreas degradadas pelo método da biorremediação, e implantação de sistemas integrados, nas cidades de Campinas (SP), Americana (SP), Porto Alegre (RS) e Caxias do Sul (RS). Pretende-se avaliar a evolução técnica em termos de projeto, construção, e operação do aterro sanitário acelerado e sistema integrado, através ...

Trends in the occurrence of human and veterinary antibiotics in the sediments of the Yellow River, Hai River and Liao River in northern China

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lijun, Zhou [State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640 (China); Ying Guangguo, E-mail: guang-guo.ying@gig.ac.cn [State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640 (China); Jianliang, Zhao [State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640 (China); Jifeng, Yang [State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640 (China); Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000 (China); Li, Wang; Bin, Yang; Shan, Liu [State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640 (China)

2011-07-15

The occurrence of four classes of 17 commonly used antibiotics (including fluoroquinolones, tetracycline, sulfonamides, and macrolides) was investigated in the sediments of the Yellow River, Hai River and Liao River in northern China by using rapid resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Higher concentrations were detected for most antibiotics in the sediments of the Hai River than in the sediments of the other rivers. Norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and oxytetracycline in the three rivers were most frequently detected with concentrations up to 5770, 1290, 653 and 652 ng/g, respectively. High frequencies and concentrations of the detected antibiotics were often found in the downstream of large cities and areas influenced by feedlot and fish ponds. Good fitted linear regression equations between antibiotic concentration and sediment physicochemical properties (TOC, texture and pH) were also found, indicating that sediment properties are important factors influencing the distribution of antibiotics in the sediment of rivers. - Highlights: > Presence of four classes of commonly used antibiotics in the river sediments. > Higher concentrations in the Hai River than in the Liao River and Yellow River. > Norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and oxytetracycline most frequently detected. > High antibiotic concentrations often found in the downstream of large cities. > River sediments are an important reservoir of antibiotics. - Higher concentrations of selected antibiotics were determined in the sediments of the Hai River than in the Liao River and Yellow River.

River engineering

NARCIS (Netherlands)

De Vries, M.

1993-01-01

One dimension models - basic eauations, analytical models, numberical models. One dimensional models -suspended load, roughness and resistance of river beds. Solving river problems - tools, flood mitigation, bank protection.

[Evaluation of data on live birth certificates from the Information System on Live Births (SINASC) in Campinas, São Paulo, 2009].

Science.gov (United States)

Gabriel, Guilherme Paiva; Chiquetto, Letícia; Morcillo, André Moreno; Ferreira, Maria do Carmo; Bazan, Ivan Gilberto M; Daolio, Luísa Dias; Lemos, Jéssica J Rocha; Carniel, Emília de Faria

2014-09-01

To assess the completeness and reliability of the Information System on Live Births (Sinasc) data. A cross-sectional analysis of the reliability and completeness of Sinasc's data was performed using a sample of Live Birth Certificate (LBC) from 2009, related to births from Campinas, Southeast Brazil. For data analysis, hospitals were grouped according to category of service (Unified National Health System, private or both), 600 LBCs were randomly selected and the data were collected in LBC-copies through mothers and newborns' hospital records and by telephone interviews. The completeness of LBCs was evaluated, calculating the percentage of blank fields, and the LBCs agreement comparing the originals with the copies was evaluated by Kappa and intraclass correlation coefficients. The percentage of completeness of LBCs ranged from 99.8%-100%. For the most items, the agreement was excellent. However, the agreement was acceptable for marital status, maternal education and newborn infants' race/color, low for prenatal visits and presence of birth defects, and very low for the number of deceased children. The results showed that the municipality Sinasc is reliable for most of the studied variables. Investments in training of the professionals are suggested in an attempt to improve system capacity to support planning and implementation of health activities for the benefit of maternal and child population. Copyright © 2014 Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

Situação da febre maculosa na Região Administrativa de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Virgília Luna Castor de Lima

2003-02-01

Full Text Available A febre maculosa brasileira foi detectada pela primeira vez no Estado de São Paulo em 1929. No entanto, não há registro sistemático de casos neste Estado. Em 1985 ocorreram três casos desta doença no Município de Pedreira, situado na região de Campinas, que fica no nordeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, correspondendo à 5ª Região Administrativa, e compreendendo 88 municípios. Alguns estudos foram realizados no Município de Pedreira, mas a falta de registro de casos foi um obstáculo encontrado. Com a finalidade de recuperar o histórico da doença, resolveu-se pesquisar e registrar as ocorrências de febre maculosa na região no período de 1985 a 2000 e analisar o seu comportamento. Foram recuperados todos os registros da doença nos diversos serviços de saúde pública. Observou-se uma ampliação da área de transmissão e a ocorrência de um aumento dos casos suspeitos a partir de 1996, ano em que a doença foi determinada como de notificação compulsória na região. Esta doença foi causa de óbito na maioria dos anos do período de estudo. Conclui-se que a febre maculosa está em ascensão na região e estudos bioecológicos complementares estão sendo desenvolvidos para melhor compreensão da epidemiologia dessa doença, que é mundialmente reconhecida como um problema emergente de saúde pública.

Trace elements and radionuclides in the Connecticut River and Amazon River estuary

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dion, E.P.

1983-01-01

The Connecticut River, its estuary, and the Amazon River estuary were studied to elucidate some of the processes which control river water chemistry and the flux of elements to the sea. The approach taken was to identify inputs to the Connecticut River and to investigate geochemical processes which modify the dissolved load. The form and quantity of nuclides which are in turn supplied to the estuary are altered by processes unique to that transition zone to the ocean. The Connecticut River estuary was sampled on a seasonal basis to investigate the role of the estuary in controlling the flux of elements to the sea. The knowledge gained from the Connecticut River study was applied to the quantitatively more significant Amazon River estuary. There a variety of samples were analyzed to understand the processes controlling the single greatest flux of elements to the Atlantic Ocean. The results indicate that estimates of the total flux of nuclides to the oceans can best be calculated based on groundwater inputs. Unless significant repositories for nuclides exist in the river-estuarine system, the groundwater flux of dissolved nuclides is that which will eventually be delivered to the ocean despite the reactions which were shown to occur in both rivers and estuaries. 153 references, 63 figures, 28 tables

Contribution of River Mouth Reach to Sediment Load of the Yangtze River

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. Wang

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This paper examined the sediment gain and loss in the river mouth reach of the Yangtze River by considering sediment load from the local tributaries, erosion/accretion of the river course, impacts of sand mining, and water extraction. A quantitative estimation of the contribution of the river mouth reach to the sediment load of the Yangtze River was conducted before and after impoundment of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD in 2003. The results showed that a net sediment load loss of 1.78 million ton/yr (Mt/yr occurred from 1965 to 2002 in the study area. The contribution of this reach to the sediment discharge into the sea is not as high as what was expected before the TGD. With impoundment of the TGD, channel deposition (29.90 Mt/yr and a net sediment loss of 30.89 Mt/yr occurred in the river mouth reach from 2003 to 2012. The river mouth reach has acted as a sink but not a source of sediment since impoundment of the TGD, which has exacerbated the decrease in sediment load. Technologies should be advanced to measure changes in river channel morphology, as well as in water and sediment discharges at the river mouth reach.

Trends in the occurrence of human and veterinary antibiotics in the sediments of the Yellow River, Hai River and Liao River in northern China

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhou Lijun; Ying Guangguo; Zhao Jianliang; Yang Jifeng; Wang Li; Yang Bin; Liu Shan

2011-01-01

The occurrence of four classes of 17 commonly used antibiotics (including fluoroquinolones, tetracycline, sulfonamides, and macrolides) was investigated in the sediments of the Yellow River, Hai River and Liao River in northern China by using rapid resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Higher concentrations were detected for most antibiotics in the sediments of the Hai River than in the sediments of the other rivers. Norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and oxytetracycline in the three rivers were most frequently detected with concentrations up to 5770, 1290, 653 and 652 ng/g, respectively. High frequencies and concentrations of the detected antibiotics were often found in the downstream of large cities and areas influenced by feedlot and fish ponds. Good fitted linear regression equations between antibiotic concentration and sediment physicochemical properties (TOC, texture and pH) were also found, indicating that sediment properties are important factors influencing the distribution of antibiotics in the sediment of rivers. - Highlights: → Presence of four classes of commonly used antibiotics in the river sediments. → Higher concentrations in the Hai River than in the Liao River and Yellow River. → Norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and oxytetracycline most frequently detected. → High antibiotic concentrations often found in the downstream of large cities. → River sediments are an important reservoir of antibiotics. - Higher concentrations of selected antibiotics were determined in the sediments of the Hai River than in the Liao River and Yellow River.

Charles River

Science.gov (United States)

Information on the efforts of the US EPA, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the municipalities within the Charles River Watershed and nongovernmental organizations to improve the water quality of the Charles River.

River and Reservoir Operations Model, Truckee River basin, California and Nevada, 1998

Science.gov (United States)

Berris, Steven N.; Hess, Glen W.; Bohman, Larry R.

2001-01-01

The demand for all uses of water in the Truckee River Basin, California and Nevada, commonly is greater than can be supplied. Storage reservoirs in the system have a maximum effective total capacity equivalent to less than two years of average river flows, so longer-term droughts can result in substantial water-supply shortages for irrigation and municipal users and may stress fish and wildlife ecosystems. Title II of Public Law (P.L.) 101-618, the Truckee?Carson?Pyramid Lake Water Rights Settlement Act of 1990, provides a foundation for negotiating and developing operating criteria, known as the Truckee River Operating Agreement (TROA), to balance interstate and interbasin allocation of water rights among the many interests competing for water from the Truckee River. In addition to TROA, the Truckee River Water Quality Settlement Agreement (WQSA), signed in 1996, provides for acquisition of water rights to resolve water-quality problems during low flows along the Truckee River in Nevada. Efficient execution of many of the planning, management, or environmental assessment requirements of TROA and WQSA will require detailed water-resources data coupled with sound analytical tools. Analytical modeling tools constructed and evaluated with such data could help assess effects of alternative operational scenarios related to reservoir and river operations, water-rights transfers, and changes in irrigation practices. The Truckee?Carson Program of the U.S. Geological Survey, to support U.S. Department of the Interior implementation of P.L. 101-618, is developing a modeling system to support efficient water-resources planning, management, and allocation. The daily operations model documented herein is a part of the modeling system that includes a database management program, a graphical user interface program, and a program with modules that simulate river/reservoir operations and a variety of hydrologic processes. The operations module is capable of simulating lake

Hydrogeological investigations of river bed clogging at a river bank filtration site along the River Warta, Poland

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Przybyłek Jan

2017-12-01

Full Text Available River bank filtration (RBF is a system that enriches groundwater resources by induced infiltration of river water to an aquifer. Problematic during operation of RBF systems is the deterioration of infiltration effectiveness caused by river bed clogging. This situation was observed in the Krajkowo well field which supplies fresh water to the city of Poznań (Poland during and after the long hydrological drought between the years 1989 and 1992. The present note discusses results of specific hydrogeological research which included drilling of a net of boreholes to a depth of 10 m below river bottom (for sediment sampling as well as for hydrogeological measurements, analyses of grain size distribution and relative density studies. The results obtained have allowed the recognition of the origin of the clogging processes, as well as the documentation of the clogged parts of the river bottom designated for unclogging activities.

Investing in river health.

Science.gov (United States)

Bennett, J

2002-01-01

Rivers provide society with numerous returns. These relate to both the passive and extractive uses of the resources embodied in river environments. Some returns are manifest in the form of financial gains whilst others are non-monetary. For instance, rivers are a source of monetary income for those who harvest their fish. The water flowing in rivers is extracted for drinking and to water crops and livestock that in turn yield monetary profits. However, rivers are also the source of non-monetary values arising from biological diversity. People who use them for recreation (picnicking, swimming, boating) also receive non-monetary returns. The use of rivers to yield these returns has had negative consequences. With extraction for financial return has come diminished water quantity and quality. The result has been a diminished capacity of rivers to yield (non-extractive) environmental returns and to continue to provide extractive values. A river is like any other asset. With use, the value of an asset depreciates because its productivity declines. In order to maintain the productive capacity of their assets, managers put aside from their profits depreciation reserves that can be invested in the repair or replacement of those assets. Society now faces a situation in which its river assets have depreciated in terms of their capacity to provide monetary and non-monetary returns. An investment in river "repair" is required. But, investment means that society gives up something now in order to achieve some benefit in the future. Society thus has to grapple wih the choice between investing in river health and other investments--such as in hospitals, schools, defence etc. - as well as between investing in river health and current consumption--such as on clothes, food, cars etc. A commonly used aid for investment decision making in the public sector is benefit cost analysis. However, its usefulness in tackling the river investment problem is restricted because it requires all

Flowing with Rivers

Science.gov (United States)

Anderson, Heather

2004-01-01

This article describes a lesson in which students compare how artists have depicted rivers in paintings, using different styles, compositions, subject matter, colors, and techniques. They create a watercolor landscape that includes a river. Students can learn about rivers by studying them on site, through environmental study, and through works of…

Development of river flood model in lower reach of urbanized river basin

Science.gov (United States)

Yoshimura, Kouhei; Tajima, Yoshimitsu; Sanuki, Hiroshi; Shibuo, Yoshihiro; Sato, Shinji; Lee, SungAe; Furumai, Hiroaki; Koike, Toshio

2014-05-01

Japan, with its natural mountainous landscape, has demographic feature that population is concentrated in lower reach of elevation close to the coast, and therefore flood damage with large socio-economic value tends to occur in low-lying region. Modeling of river flood in such low-lying urbanized river basin is complex due to the following reasons. In upstream it has been experienced urbanization, which changed land covers from natural forest or agricultural fields to residential or industrial area. Hence rate of infiltration and runoff are quite different from natural hydrological settings. In downstream, paved covers and construct of sewerage system in urbanized areas affect direct discharges and it enhances higher and faster flood peak arrival. Also tidal effect from river mouth strongly affects water levels in rivers, which must be taken into account. We develop an integrated river flood model in lower reach of urbanized areas to be able to address above described complex feature, by integrating model components: LSM coupled distributed hydrological model that models anthropogenic influence on river discharges to downstream; urban hydrological model that simulates run off response in urbanized areas; Saint Venant's equation approximated river model that integrates upstream and urban hydrological models with considering tidal effect from downstream. These features are integrated in a common modeling framework so that model interaction can be directly performed. The model is applied to the Tsurumi river basin, urbanized low-lying river basin in Yokohama and model results show that it can simulate water levels in rivers with acceptable model errors. Furthermore the model is able to install miscellaneous water planning constructs, such as runoff reduction pond in urbanized area, flood control field along the river channel, levee, etc. This can be a useful tool to investigate cost performance of hypothetical water management plan against impact of climate change in

Assessment of River Habitat Quality in the Hai River Basin, Northern China

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yuekui Ding

2015-09-01

Full Text Available We applied a river habitat quality (RHQ assessment method to the Hai River Basin (HRB; an important economic centre in China; to obtain baseline information for water quality improvement; river rehabilitation; and watershed management. The results of the assessment showed that the river habitat in the HRB is seriously degraded. Specifically; 42.41% of the sites; accounting for a river length of 3.31 × 104 km; were designated poor and bad. Habitat in the plain areas is seriously deteriorated; and nearly 50% of the sites; accounting for a river length of 1.65 × 104 km; had either poor or bad habitats. River habitat degradation was attributable to the limited width of the riparian zone (≤5 m; lower coverage of riparian vegetation (≤40%; artificial land use patterns (public and industrial land; frequent occurrence of farming on the river banks and high volumes of solid waste (nearly 10 m3; single flow channels; and rare aquatic plants (≤1 category. At the regional scale; intensive artificial land use types caused by urbanization had a significant impact on the RHQ in the HRB. RHQ was significantly and negatively correlated with farmland (r = 1.000; p < 0.01 and urban land (r = 0.998; p < 0.05; and was significantly and positively correlated with grassland and woodland (r = 1.000; p < 0.01. Intensive artificial land use; created through urbanization processes; has led to a loss of the riparian zone and its native vegetation; and has disrupted the lateral connectivity of the rivers. The degradation of the already essentially black rivers is exacerbated by poor longitudinal connectivity (index of connectivity is 2.08–16.56; caused by reservoirs and sluices. For river habitat rehabilitation to be successful; land use patterns need to be changed and reservoirs and sluices will have to be regulated.

78 FR 41689 - Safety Zone; Skagit River Bridge, Skagit River, Mount Vernon, WA

Science.gov (United States)

2013-07-11

... submerged automobiles and floating bridge debris in the Skagit River. Following the initial response and...-AA00 Safety Zone; Skagit River Bridge, Skagit River, Mount Vernon, WA AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a safety zone around the Skagit River Bridge...

Hydrological River Drought Analysis (Case Study: Lake Urmia Basin Rivers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohammad Nazeri Tahrudi

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Drought from the hydrological viewpoint is a continuation of the meteorological drought that cause of the lack of surface water such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs and groundwater resources. This analysis, which is generally on the surface streams, reservoirs, lakes and groundwater, takes place as hydrological drought considered and studied. So the data on the quantity of flow of the rivers in this study is of fundamental importance. This data are included, level, flow, river flow is no term (5. Overall the hydrological drought studies are focused on annual discharges, maximum annual discharge or minimum discharge period. The most importance of this analysis is periodically during the course of the analysis remains a certain threshold and subthresholdrunoff volume fraction has created. In situations where water for irrigation or water of a river without any reservoir, is not adequate, the minimum flow analysis, the most important factor to be considered (4. The aim of this study is evaluatingthe statistical distributions of drought volume rivers data from the Urmia Lake’s rivers and its return period. Materials and Methods: Urmia Lake is a biggest and saltiest continued lake in Iran. The Lake Urmia basin is one of the most important basins in Iran region which is located in the North West of Iran. With an extent of 52700 square kilometers and an area equivalent to 3.21% of the total area of the country, This basin is located between the circuit of 35 degrees 40 minutes to 38 degrees 29 minutes north latitude and the meridian of 44 degrees 13 minutes to 47 degrees 53 minutes east longitude. In this study used the daily discharge data (m3s-1 of Urmia Lake Rivers. Extraction of river drought volume The drought durations were extracted from the daily discharge of 13 studied stations. The first mean year was calculated for each 365 days using the Eq 1 (14. (1 (For i=1,2,3,…,365 That Ki is aith mean year, Yijis ith day discharge in jth

75 FR 51945 - Safety Zone; Potomac River, St. Mary's River, St. Inigoes, MD

Science.gov (United States)

2010-08-24

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Potomac River, St. Mary's River, St. Inigoes, MD AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION... of the St. Mary's River, a tributary of the Potomac River. This action is necessary to provide for.... Navy helicopter located near St. Inigoes, Maryland. This safety zone is intended to protect the...

Denitrification in the Mississippi River network controlled by flow through river bedforms

Science.gov (United States)

Gomez-Velez, Jesus D.; Harvey, Judson W.; Cardenas, M. Bayani; Kiel, Brian

2015-01-01

Increasing nitrogen concentrations in the world’s major rivers have led to over-fertilization of sensitive downstream waters1, 2, 3, 4. Flow through channel bed and bank sediments acts to remove riverine nitrogen through microbe-mediated denitrification reactions5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. However, little is understood about where in the channel network this biophysical process is most efficient, why certain channels are more effective nitrogen reactors, and how management practices can enhance the removal of nitrogen in regions where water circulates through sediment and mixes with groundwater - hyporheic zones8, 11, 12. Here we present numerical simulations of hyporheic flow and denitrification throughout the Mississippi River network using a hydrogeomorphic model. We find that vertical exchange with sediments beneath the riverbed in hyporheic zones, driven by submerged bedforms, has denitrification potential that far exceeds lateral hyporheic exchange with sediments alongside river channels, driven by river bars and meandering banks. We propose that geomorphic differences along river corridors can explain why denitrification efficiency varies between basins in the Mississippi River network. Our findings suggest that promoting the development of permeable bedforms at the streambed - and thus vertical hyporheic exchange - would be more effective at enhancing river denitrification in large river basins than promoting lateral exchange through induced channel meandering. 

78 FR 28492 - Special Local Regulation; Low Country Splash, Wando River, Cooper River, and Charleston Harbor...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-05-15

...-AA08 Special Local Regulation; Low Country Splash, Wando River, Cooper River, and Charleston Harbor... establishing a special local regulation on the waters of the Wando River, Cooper River, and Charleston Harbor... rulemaking (NPRM) entitled, ``Special Local Regulation; Low Country Splash, Wando River, Cooper River, and...

Balancing hydropower production and river bed incision in operating a run-of-river hydropower scheme along the River Po

Science.gov (United States)

Denaro, Simona; Dinh, Quang; Bizzi, Simone; Bernardi, Dario; Pavan, Sara; Castelletti, Andrea; Schippa, Leonardo; Soncini-Sessa, Rodolfo

2013-04-01

Water management through dams and reservoirs is worldwide necessary to support key human-related activities ranging from hydropower production to water allocation, and flood risk mitigation. Reservoir operations are commonly planned in order to maximize these objectives. However reservoirs strongly influence river geomorphic processes causing sediment deficit downstream, altering the flow regime, leading, often, to process of river bed incision: for instance the variations of river cross sections over few years can notably affect hydropower production, flood mitigation, water supply strategies and eco-hydrological processes of the freshwater ecosystem. The river Po (a major Italian river) has experienced severe bed incision in the last decades. For this reason infrastructure stability has been negatively affected, and capacity to derive water decreased, navigation, fishing and tourism are suffering economic damages, not to mention the impact on the environment. Our case study analyzes the management of Isola Serafini hydropower plant located on the main Po river course. The plant has a major impact to the geomorphic river processes downstream, affecting sediment supply, connectivity (stopping sediment upstream the dam) and transport capacity (altering the flow regime). Current operation policy aims at maximizing hydropower production neglecting the effects in term of geomorphic processes. A new improved policy should also consider controlling downstream river bed incision. The aim of this research is to find suitable modeling framework to identify an operating policy for Isola Serafini reservoir able to provide an optimal trade-off between these two conflicting objectives: hydropower production and river bed incision downstream. A multi-objective simulation-based optimization framework is adopted. The operating policy is parameterized as a piecewise linear function and the parameters optimized using an interactive response surface approach. Global and local

76 FR 71342 - Proposed CERCLA Administrative Cost Recovery Settlement; River Forest Dry Cleaners Site, River...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-11-17

... Settlement; River Forest Dry Cleaners Site, River Forest, Cook County, IL AGENCY: Environmental Protection... response costs concerning the River Forest Dry Cleaners site in River Forest, Cook County, Illinois with... code: C-14J, Chicago, Illinois 60604. Comments should reference the River Forest Dry Cleaners Site...

Rivers running deep : complex flow and morphology in the Mahakam River, Indonesia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vermeulen, B.

2014-01-01

Rivers in tropical regions often challenge our geomorphological understanding of fluvial systems. Hairpin bends, natural scours, bifurcate meander bends, tie channels and embayments in the river bank are a few examples of features ubiquitous in tropical rivers. Existing observation techniques

Exploring Controls on Sinuousity, Terraces and River Capture in the Upper Dajia River, Taiwan

Science.gov (United States)

Belliveau, L. C.; Ouimet, W. B.; Chan, Y. C.; Byrne, T. B.

2015-12-01

Taiwan is one of the most tectonically active regions in the world and is prone to landslides due to steep topography, large earthquakes and frequent typhoons. Landslides often affect and alter the river valleys beneath them, producing knickpoints on longitudinal river profiles, segmenting valleys into mixed bedrock-alluvial rivers and affecting river incision for tens to thousands of years. This study investigates the origin and evolution of complex channel morphologies, terraces and river capture along a 20km stretch of the Upper Da-Jia River in the Heping area of Taiwan. Through GIS analysis and field studies, we explore controls on river channel sinuousity, terrace development and river capture in relation to tectonic and climatic forcing, rock erodibility and landslides. High channel sinuousity is proposed as the result of a coupling between bank erosion and landslides. We discuss three types of landslide-induced meanders and increased sinuousity: (a) depositional-push meanders, (b) failure-zone erosional meanders, and (c) complex-erosional meanders. We also investigate spatial variation in channel morphology (slope, width) and the distribution and heights of river terraces within the Upper Da-Jia watershed associated with periods of widespread valley filling from landslide activity. Examples of river capture provide further evidence of the dynamic interactions between river incision, landslides and associated changes in channel morphology and terrace development within steep rapidly uplift, eroding and evolving mountain belts.

River restoration - Malaysian/DID perspective

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahmad Darus

2006-01-01

Initially the river improvement works in Malaysia was weighted on flood control to convey a certain design flood with the lined and channelized rivers. But in late 2003 did has makes the approaches that conservation and improvement of natural function of river, i.e. river environment and eco-system should be incorporated inside the planning and design process. Generally, river restoration will focus on four approaches that will improve water quality, which is improving the quality of stormwater entering the river, maximizing the quantity of the urban river riparian corridor, stabilizing the riverbank, and improving the habitat within the river. This paper outlined the appropriate method of enhancing impairment of water quality from human activities effluent and others effluent. (Author)

Bed Degradation and Sediment Export from the Missouri River after Dam Construction and River Training: Significance to Lower Mississippi River Sediment Loads

Science.gov (United States)

Blum, M. D.; Viparelli, E.; Sulaiman, Z. A.; Pettit, B. S.

2016-12-01

More than 40,000 dams have been constructed in the Mississippi River drainage basin, which has had a dramatic impact on suspended sediment load for the Mississippi delta. The most significant dams were constructed in the 1950s on the Missouri River in South Dakota, after which total suspended loads for the lower Mississippi River, some 2500 km downstream, were cut in half: gauging station data from the Missouri-Mississippi system show significant load reductions immediately after dam closure, followed by a continued downward trend since that time. The delta region is experiencing tremendous land loss in response to acceleration of global sea-level rise, and load reductions of this magnitude may place severe limits on mitigation efforts. Here we examine sediment export from the Missouri system due to bed scour. The US Army Corps of Engineers has compiled changes in river stage at constant discharge for 8 stations between the lowermost dam at Yankton, South Dakota and the Missouri-Mississippi confluence at St. Louis (a distance of 1250 river km), for the period 1930-2010, which we have updated to 2015. These data show two general reaches of significant bed degradation. The first extends from the last major dam at Yankton, South Dakota downstream 300 km to Omaha, Nebraska, where degradation in response to the dam exceeds 3 m. The second reach, with >2.5 m of degradation, occurs in and around Kansas City, Missouri, and has been attributed to river training activities. The reach between Omaha and Kansas City, as well as the lower Missouri below Kansas City, show River due to bed scour following dam construction and river training. This number equates to 20-25 million tons per year, which is sufficient to account for 30% of the total Missouri River load, and 15% of the total post-dam annual sediment load for the lower Mississippi River. For perspective, the quantity of sediment exported from the Missouri River due to bed scour is greater than the total load for all

Integrated river basin management of Južna Morava River

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Borisavljević Ana

2012-01-01

Full Text Available In the last decade in particular, Serbia encountered the problems of drinking water supply, which influenced the perception of professional public about the water crisis but also started more intensive work on water resource perseverance as well as the implementation of European Water Directive. One of the main demands of the Directive focuses on integrated river basin management (IRBM, which is a complex and a large task. The need to collect data on water quality and quantity, specific and key issues of water management in Južna Morava river basin, pressures on river ecosystem, flood risks and erosion problems, cross-border issues, socioeconomic processes, agricultural development as well as protected areas, and also to give the measures for solving problems and pressures recognized in the basin, is undisputable. This paper focuses on detailed analysis of specific pressures on river ecosystem and composition of recommendations for integrated management of Južna Morava river basin as cross-border river basin, taking into the account European experiences in IRBM. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 43007: Istraživanje klimatskih promena na životnu sredinu - praćenje uticaja, adaptacija i ublažavanje, podprojekat br. 9: Učestalost bujičnih poplava, degradacija zemljišta i voda kao posledica globalnih promena

78 FR 18277 - Special Local Regulation; Low Country Splash, Wando River, Cooper River, and Charleston Harbor...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-03-26

...-AA08 Special Local Regulation; Low Country Splash, Wando River, Cooper River, and Charleston Harbor... proposes to issue a special local regulation on the waters of the Wando River, Cooper River, and Charleston... Country Splash is scheduled to take place on the waters of the Wando River, Cooper River, and Charleston...

Measuring river from the cloud - River width algorithm development on Google Earth Engine

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, X.; Pavelsky, T.; Allen, G. H.; Donchyts, G.

2017-12-01

Rivers are some of the most dynamic features of the terrestrial land surface. They help distribute freshwater, nutrients, sediment, and they are also responsible for some of the greatest natural hazards. Despite their importance, our understanding of river behavior is limited at the global scale, in part because we do not have a river observational dataset that spans both time and space. Remote sensing data represent a rich, largely untapped resource for observing river dynamics. In particular, publicly accessible archives of satellite optical imagery, which date back to the 1970s, can be used to study the planview morphodynamics of rivers at the global scale. Here we present an image processing algorithm developed using the Google Earth Engine cloud-based platform, that can automatically extracts river centerlines and widths from Landsat 5, 7, and 8 scenes at 30 m resolution. Our algorithm makes use of the latest monthly global surface water history dataset and an existing Global River Width from Landsat (GRWL) dataset to efficiently extract river masks from each Landsat scene. Then a combination of distance transform and skeletonization techniques are used to extract river centerlines. Finally, our algorithm calculates wetted river width at each centerline pixel perpendicular to its local centerline direction. We validated this algorithm using in situ data estimated from 16 USGS gauge stations (N=1781). We find that 92% of the width differences are within 60 m (i.e. the minimum length of 2 Landsat pixels). Leveraging Earth Engine's infrastructure of collocated data and processing power, our goal is to use this algorithm to reconstruct the morphodynamic history of rivers globally by processing over 100,000 Landsat 5 scenes, covering from 1984 to 2013.

78 FR 17087 - Special Local Regulation; New River Raft Race, New River; Fort Lauderdale, FL

Science.gov (United States)

2013-03-20

...-AA08 Special Local Regulation; New River Raft Race, New River; Fort Lauderdale, FL AGENCY: Coast Guard... on the New River in Fort Lauderdale, Florida during the Rotary Club of Fort Lauderdale New River Raft... States during the Rotary Club of Fort Lauderdale New River Raft Race. On March 23, 2013, Fort Lauderdale...

Human impacts on river water quality- comparative research in the catchment areas of the Tone River and the Mur River-

Science.gov (United States)

Kogure, K.

2013-12-01

Human activities in river basin affect river water quality as water discharges into river with pollutant after we use it. By detecting pollutants source, pathway, and influential factor of human activities, it will be possible to consider proper river basin management. In this study, material flow analysis was done first and then nutrient emission modeling by MONERIS was conducted. So as to clarify land use contribution and climate condition, comparison of Japanese and European river basin area has been made. The model MONERIS (MOdelling Nutrient Emissions in RIver Systems; Behrendt et al., 2000) was applied to estimate the nutrient emissions in the Danube river basin by point sources and various diffuse pathways. Work for the Mur River Basin in Austria was already carried out by the Institute of Water Quality, Resources and Waste Management at the Vienna University of Technology. This study treats data collection, modelling for the Tone River in Japan, and comparative analysis for these two river basins. The estimation of the nutrient emissions was carried out for 11 different sub catchment areas covering the Tone River Basin for the time period 2000 to 2006. TN emissions into the Tone river basin were 51 kt/y. 67% was via ground water and dominant for all sub catchments. Urban area was also important emission pathway. Human effect is observed in urban structure and agricultural activity. Water supply and sewer system make urban water cycle with pipeline structure. Excess evapotranspiration in arable land is also influential in water cycle. As share of arable land is 37% and there provides agricultural products, it is thought that N emission from agricultural activity is main pollution source. Assumption case of 10% N surplus was simulated and the result was 99% identical to the actual. Even though N surplus reduction does not show drastic impact on N emission, it is of importance to reduce excess of fertilization and to encourage effective agricultural activity

Flood of August 24–25, 2016, Upper Iowa River and Turkey River, northeastern Iowa

Science.gov (United States)

Linhart, S. Mike; O'Shea, Padraic S.

2018-02-05

Major flooding occurred August 24–25, 2016, in the Upper Iowa River Basin and Turkey River Basin in northeastern Iowa following severe thunderstorm activity over the region. About 8 inches of rain were recorded for the 24-hour period ending at 4 p.m., August 24, at Decorah, Iowa, and about 6 inches of rain were recorded for the 24-hour period ending at 7 a.m., August 24, at Cresco, Iowa, about 14 miles northwest of Spillville, Iowa. A maximum peak-of-record discharge of 38,000 cubic feet per second in the Upper Iowa River at streamgage 05388250 Upper Iowa River near Dorchester, Iowa, occurred on August 24, 2016, with an annual exceedance-probability range of 0.2–1 percent. High-water marks were measured at six locations along the Upper Iowa River between State Highway 26 near the mouth at the Mississippi River and State Highway 76 about 3.5 miles south of Dorchester, Iowa, a distance of 15 river miles. Along the profiled reach of the Turkey River, a maximum peak-of-record discharge of 15,300 cubic feet per second at streamgage 05411600 Turkey River at Spillville, Iowa, occurred on August 24, 2016, with an annual exceedance-probability range of 1–2 percent. A maximum peak discharge of 35,700 cubic feet per second occurred on August 25, 2016, along the profiled reach of the Turkey River at streamgage 05411850 Turkey River near Eldorado, Iowa, with an annual exceedance-probability range of 0.2–1 percent. High-water marks were measured at 11 locations along the Turkey River between County Road B64 in Elgin and 220th Street, located about 4.5 miles northwest of Spillville, Iowa, a distance of 58 river miles. The high-water marks were used to develop flood profiles for the Upper Iowa River and Turkey River.

An Evaluation of River Health for the Weihe River in Shaanxi Province, China

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jinxi Song

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Excessive socioeconomic activities in the Weihe River region have caused severe ecosystem degradation, and the call for the recovery and maintenance of the river health has drawn great attention. Based on the connotation of river health, previous research findings, and status quo of the Weihe River ecosystem, in this study, we developed a novel health evaluation index system to quantitatively determine the health of the Weihe River in Shaanxi Province. The river in the study area was divided into five reaches based on the five hydrological gauging stations, and appropriate evaluation indices for each river section were selected according to the ecological environmental functions of that section. A hybrid approach integrating analytic hierarchy process (AHP and a fuzzy synthetic evaluation method was applied to measure the river health. The results show that Linjiancun-Weijiabao reach and Weijiabao-Xianyang reach are in the “moderate” level of health and Lintong-Huaxian reach and downstream of Huaxian reach are in the “poor” health rating, whereas Xianyang-Lintong reach is in the “sick” rating. Moreover, the most sensitive factors were determined, respectively, for each reach from upper stream to lower stream in the study area.

O Programa Iluminar Campinas: a construção de uma política intersetorial e interinstitucional para o enfrentamento da violência como um problema social

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudia Mara Pedrosa

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Resumo A inclusão da temática violência na agenda da promoção da saúde demanda a reorientação nas linhas de cuidado do sistema de serviços e a consolidação de ações voltadas para indivíduos e coletividades, em uma perspectiva de trabalho intersetorial, multidisciplinar, integrado e em redes que contemple a reorganização das práticas para acolher esta questão como um determinante de saúde. O objetivo deste artigo é compartilhar a experiência da implementação do Programa Iluminar Campinas – uma política local de promoção da saúde de um município de grande porte –que articulou o setor saúde em uma ampla rede intersetorial e interinstitucional para ofertar cuidados às pessoas que sofreram violência. As perspectivas teóricas do estudo foram o Construcionismo Social e a Teoria Ator Rede (TAR e a metodologia envolveu a análise de documentos, entrevistas e observações de eventos do Programa Iluminar.

Impactos da ocupação urbana na permeabilidade do solo: o caso de uma área de urbanização consolidada em Campina Grande - PB

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karla Azevedo Santos

2017-07-01

Full Text Available RESUMO A ocupação urbana intensa e não planejada acarreta problemas diretos à população. Um desses problemas é a diminuição do índice de permeabilidade do solo gerada pela pavimentação crescente que sempre acompanha o desenvolvimento urbano de uma região. Em consequência, o sistema de drenagem pode sofrer sobrecargas uma vez que a capacidade de infiltração do solo é alterada e a pavimentação aumenta a velocidade de escoamento e as vazões de pico. Este trabalho apresenta uma análise integrada da dinâmica do uso do solo ao longo de 32 anos e do comportamento do sistema de microdrenagem urbana para o cenário atual de ocupação dos bairros Catolé e Sandra Cavalcante, em Campina Grande (PB. Verifica-se a deficiência do sistema de microdrenagem em não acompanhar o acelerado crescimento da região, acarretando em pontos de alagamento que geram prejuízos e desconfortos à população em períodos de chuva mais concentrada.

[Emergency care for victims of violence and accidents: differences in the epidemiological profile between the public and private health services. VIVA--Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, 2009].

Science.gov (United States)

Belon, Ana Paula; da Silveira, Naoko Yanagizawa Jardim; Barros, Marilisa Berti de Azevedo; Baldo, Caroline; da Silva, Marta Maria Alves

2012-09-01

The scope of this study is to analyze the differences in the profile of emergency care for external causes between public and private emergency departments. With data come from VIVA-Campinas 2009, the association between the nature of healthcare and the characteristics of the victims was verified using the chi-square test. Using Poisson regression, proportion ratios of care in the public and private network were estimated. In the sample of 1094 victims, 67.8% were treated by public health. Traffic accidents, animal-related accidents, and assaults were 2 times higher in public units, whereas collisions with objects and sprains were 75% and 2.7 times higher in private units. Cranium-encephalic trauma/polytrauma and cuts/lacerations were 3.8 times and 61% more frequent in public care, while victims with no injuries, with dislocations/sprains or fractures being predominant in private care. Head and multiple organ injuries, road accident and work-related injuries, the use of public transport or mobile emergency care services/ambulances were predominant in public care. Revealing significant differences in care in public and private care can contribute to the organization of healthcare.

River nomads

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2016-01-01

sail on the Niger River between Nigeria and Mali. Crossing villages, borders and cultures, they stop only to rest by setting up camp on riverbanks or host villages. In River Nomads, we join the nomadic Kebbawa fishermen on one of their yearly crossing, experiencing their relatively adventurous...

River Piracy

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

There was this highly venerated river Saraswati flowing through. Haryana, Marwar and Bahawalpur in Uttarapath and emptying itself in the Gulf ofKachchh, which has been described in glowing terms by the Rigveda. "Breaking through the mountain barrier", this "swift-flowing tempestuous river surpasses in majesty and.

Environmental pollution: quantitative analysis of particulate matter (PM10) by SR-TXRF

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moreira, Silvana; Melo Junior, Ariston da Silva; Zucchi, Orgheda Luiza Araujo Domingues; Vives, Ana Elisa Sirito de

2007-01-01

The atmospheric pollution is a concern in the great urban centers, due its association with man pathologies. The Campinas region is one of the most urbanized of the Sao Paulo State and an important industrial center. Thus, due to its location and importance were installed three samplers for particulate material (PM 10 ). One sampler was located in downtown of Campinas city, in an avenue with high vehicular flow. Another sampler was installed in the UNICAMP campus and the third one in Paulinia city, near to REPLAN. For downtown of Campinas city PM 10 concentrations higher than regular air quality established by CETESB (150 μg.m -3 ) was observed. The PM 10 values for Paulinia and downtown of Campinas were higher than Barao Geraldo location. Employing SR-TXRF was possible identify and quantify 19 elements in the particulate material samples. All the measurements were performed at Synchrotron Light Source Laboratory, Campinas, SP. After statistics analysis by principal components and cluster analysis was possible to assemble the elements according emission sources. The dusty soil for coarse fraction contributed with 62%, 51% and 46% for Barao Geraldo, Paulinia and downtown of Campinas, respectively. The vehicular emission was responsible for 16% at downtown Campinas city as expected due to high vehicular flow at sampling place. The vehicular and industrial emissions contributed with 20% and 25%, respectively at Paulinia sampling site. The industrial emissions observed for Barao Geraldo and downtown of Campinas city were 27% and 33%, respectively. (author)

River flow controls on tides an tide-mean water level profiles in a tidel freshwater river

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sassi, M.G.; Hoitink, A.J.F.

2013-01-01

[1] Tidal rivers feature oscillatory and steady gradients in the water surface, controlled by interactions between river flow and tides. The river discharge attenuates the tidal motion, and tidal motion increases tidal-mean friction in the river, which may act as a barrier to the river discharge.

77 FR 67563 - Regulated Navigation Area-New Haven Harbor, Quinnipiac River, Mill River, New Haven, CT; Pearl...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-11-13

... 1625-AA11 Regulated Navigation Area--New Haven Harbor, Quinnipiac River, Mill River, New Haven, CT... Haven Harbor, Quinnipiac River and Mill River. The current RNA pertains only to the operation of tugs...) entitled Regulated Navigation Area--New Haven Harbor, Quinnipiac River, Mill River, New Haven, CT; Pearl...

77 FR 23120 - Special Local Regulations; Lowcountry Splash Open Water Swim, Wando River and Cooper River, Mount...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-04-18

...-AA08 Special Local Regulations; Lowcountry Splash Open Water Swim, Wando River and Cooper River, Mount... establishing special local regulations on the waters of the Wando River and Cooper River in Mount Pleasant... River and Cooper River along the shoreline of Mount Pleasant, South Carolina. The Lowcountry Splash...

Trace elements and radionuclides in the Connecticut River and Amazon River estuary

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dion, E.P.

1983-01-01

The Connecticut River, its estuary and the Amazon River plume were studied to elucidate processes which control the flux of nuclides to the sea. Major ions (Ca, Mg, Na, Cl, Bicarbonate) and selected trace elements (Ra, Ba, Cu, Si) are introduced to the Connecticut River in proportion to the total dissolved load of various groundwaters. Si, Ra, and Ba are subject to removal from solution by seasonal diatom productivity; whereas the other groundwater-derived elements are found in proportion to TDS both time and space. These nuclides are released in the estuary when a portion of the Ra, Ba, and Si in riverine biogenic detritus is trapped in salt marshes and coves bordering the estuary where it redissolves and is exported to the main river channel at ebb tide. In the Amazon River estuary, the Ra and Ba are released in mid-salinity waters. Ra and Ba together with Si are subsequently removed by diatom productivity as reflected in increased Ra and Ba in the suspended particles and depleted dissolved nuclide concentrations in samples from the high productivity zone. In both the Connecticut River system and the Amazon River plume, Cu behaves conservatively; whereas the fates of Fe and Al are linked to soil-derived humic acids. Trace elements in Amazon plume sediments are found simply in proportion to the percentage of fine-grained size materials, despite low Th-228/Ra-228 mean residence times in the plume and the presence of Cs-137 in the sediment column. Estimates of the total flux of nuclides to the oceans can best be calculated on a mass balance basis using groundwater inputs. Unless significant repositories for nuclides exist in the river-estuarine system, the groundwater flux of dissolved nuclides is net flux to the ocean despite the reactions which occur in both rivers and estuaries

Managing River Resources: A Case Study Of The Damodar River, India

Science.gov (United States)

Bhattacharyya, K.

2008-12-01

The Damodar River, a subsystem of the Ganga has always been a flood-prone river. Recorded flood history of the endemic flood prone river can be traced from 1730 onwards. People as well as governments through out the centuries have dealt with the caprices of this vital water resource using different strategies. At one level, the river has been controlled using structures such as embankments, weir, dams and barrage. In the post-independent period, a high powered organization known as the Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC), modeled on the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) came into existence on 7th July 1948. Since the completion of the reservoirs the Lower Damodar has become a 'reservoir channel' and is now identified by control structures or cultural features or man made indicators. Man-induced hydrographs below control points during post-dam period (1959-2007) show decreased monsoon discharge, and reduced peak discharge. In pre-dam period (1933-1956) return period of floods of bankfull stage of 7080 m3/s had a recurrence interval of 2 years. In post-dam period the return period for the bankfull stage has been increased to 14 years. The Damodar River peak discharge during pre-dam period for various return periods are much greater than the post-dam flows for the same return periods. Despite flood moderation by the DVC dams, floods visited the river demonstrating that the lower valley is still vulnerable to sudden floods. Contemporary riverbed consists of series of alluvial bars or islands, locally known as mana or char lands which are used as a resource base mostly by Bengali refugees. At another level, people have shown great resourcefulness in living with and adjusting to the floods and dams while living on the alluvial bars. People previously used river resources in the form of silt only but now the semi-fluid or flexible resource has been exploited into a permanent resource in the form of productive sandbars. Valuable long-term data from multiple sources has been

77 FR 47331 - Regulated Navigation Area-New Haven Harbor, Quinnipiac River, Mill River, New Haven, CT; Pearl...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-08-08

...-AA11 Regulated Navigation Area--New Haven Harbor, Quinnipiac River, Mill River, New Haven, CT; Pearl... navigable waters of New Haven Harbor, Quinnipiac River and Mill River. The current RNA pertains only to the..., Quinnipiac River, and Mill River RNA. The proposed amendment would give the Captain of the Port Sector Long...

Fractionation of rare earth elements in the Mississippi River estuary and river sediments

Science.gov (United States)

Adebayo, S. B.; Johannesson, K. H.

2017-12-01

This study presents the first set of data on the fractionation of rare earth elements (REE) in the mixing zone between the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico, as well as the fractionation of REE in the operationally defined fractions of Mississippi River sediments. This subject is particularly important because the Mississippi river is one of the world's major rivers, and contributes a substantial amount of water and sediment to the ocean. Hence, it is a major source of trace elements to the oceans. The geochemistry of the REE in natural systems is principally important because of their unique chemical properties, which prompt their application as tracers of mass transportation in modern and paleo-ocean environments. Another important consideration is the growth in the demand and utilization of REE in the green energy and technology industries, which has the potential to bring about a change in the background levels of these trace elements in the environment. The results of this study show a heavy REE enrichment of both the Mississippi River water and the more saline waters of the mixing zone. Our data demonstrate that coagulation and removal of REE in the low salinity region of the estuary is more pronounced among the Light REE ( 35% for Nd) compared to the Heavy REE. Remarkably, our data also indicate that REE removal in the Mississippi River estuary is significantly less than that observed in other estuaries, including the Amazon River system. We propose that the high pH/alkalinity of the Mississippi River is responsible for the greater stability of REE in the Mississippi River estuary. The results of sequential extraction of river sediments reveal different Sm/Nd ratios for the various fractions, which we submit implies different 143Nd/144Nd ratios of the labile fractions of the sediments. The possible impact of such hypothesized different Nd isotope signatures of labile fractions of the river sediments on Gulf of Mexico seawater is under investigation.

Indicadores para a gestão de resíduos sólidos em aeroportos e sua aplicação no Aeroporto Internacional de Viracopos, Campinas, São Paulo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Thales Andrés Carra

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Considerando o contexto atual de valorização da questão ambiental, os objetivos deste trabalho foram propor e aplicar indicadores para avaliar o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos em aeroportos. Para tanto, foram elaborados 17 indicadores sobre geração, armazenamento, transporte, coleta e destinação de resíduos sólidos. Estes foram aplicados no Aeroporto Internacional de Viracopos, em Campinas, no estado de São Paulo. Os resultados obtidos no estudo apresentaram desempenho de 2,9, em uma escala de um a cinco, caracterizado como regular. Posteriormente, foram analisadas as principais fragilidades no gerenciamento dos resíduos no Aeroporto Internacional de Viracopos, bem como a identificação de boas práticas e soluções ambientais para o desenvolvimento das atividades do empreendimento. Dentre as estratégias de manejo sugeridas, destacam-se a adequação de áreas para armazenamento de resíduos, a implantação de coleta seletiva e a realização de compostagem.

River and river-related drainage area parameters for site investigation program

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Blomqvist, P.; Brunberg, A.K. [Uppsala Univ. (Sweden). Dept. of Limnology; Brydsten, L. [Umeaa Univ. (Sweden). Dept. of Ecology and Environmental Science

2001-05-01

In this paper, a number of parameters of importance to a determination of the function of running waters as transport channels for material from the continents to the sea are presented. We have assumed that retention mechanisms of material in the river and in the riparian zone will be covered by special investigations but tried to create a platform for such investigations by quantification of the extension of different main habitats. The choice of parameters has been made so that also the nature conservation value of the river can be preliminary established, and includes a general description of the river type and the inherent ecosystem. The material links directly to that presented in a previous report concerning site investigation programmes for lakes. The parameters have been divided into five groups: 1) The location of the object relative important gradients in the surrounding nature; 2) The river catchment area and its major constituents; 3) The river morphometry; 4) The river ecosystem; 5) Human-induced damages to the river ecosystem. The first two groups, principally based on the climate, hydrology, geology and vegetation of the catchment area, represent parameters that can be used to establish the rarity and representativity of the system, and will in the context of site investigation program be used as a basis for generalisation of the results. The third group, the river morphometry parameters, are standard parameters for the outline of sampling programmes and for calculations of the physical extension of key habitats in the system. The fourth group, the ecosystem of the river, includes physical, chemical and biological parameters required for determination of the influence from the terrestrial ecosystem of the catchment area, nutrient status, distribution of different habitats, and presence of fish in the system. In the context of site investigation program, the parameters in these two groups will be used for budget calculations of the flow of energy and

River and river-related drainage area parameters for site investigation program

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blomqvist, P.; Brunberg, A.K.; Brydsten, L.

2001-05-01

In this paper, a number of parameters of importance to a determination of the function of running waters as transport channels for material from the continents to the sea are presented. We have assumed that retention mechanisms of material in the river and in the riparian zone will be covered by special investigations but tried to create a platform for such investigations by quantification of the extension of different main habitats. The choice of parameters has been made so that also the nature conservation value of the river can be preliminary established, and includes a general description of the river type and the inherent ecosystem. The material links directly to that presented in a previous report concerning site investigation programmes for lakes. The parameters have been divided into five groups: 1) The location of the object relative important gradients in the surrounding nature; 2) The river catchment area and its major constituents; 3) The river morphometry; 4) The river ecosystem; 5) Human-induced damages to the river ecosystem. The first two groups, principally based on the climate, hydrology, geology and vegetation of the catchment area, represent parameters that can be used to establish the rarity and representativity of the system, and will in the context of site investigation program be used as a basis for generalisation of the results. The third group, the river morphometry parameters, are standard parameters for the outline of sampling programmes and for calculations of the physical extension of key habitats in the system. The fourth group, the ecosystem of the river, includes physical, chemical and biological parameters required for determination of the influence from the terrestrial ecosystem of the catchment area, nutrient status, distribution of different habitats, and presence of fish in the system. In the context of site investigation program, the parameters in these two groups will be used for budget calculations of the flow of energy and

78 FR 22423 - Drawbridge Operation Regulations; Taunton River, Fall River and Somerset, MA

Science.gov (United States)

2013-04-16

... Operation Regulations; Taunton River, Fall River and Somerset, MA AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Notice of temporary deviation from regulation. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is issuing a temporary deviation from the regulation governing the operation of the Brightman Street Bridge across the Taunton River...

The Influence of Water Conservancy Projects on River Network Connectivity, A Case of Luanhe River Basin

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Z.; Li, C.

2017-12-01

Connectivity is one of the most important characteristics of a river, which is derived from the natural water cycle and determine the renewability of river water. The water conservancy project can change the connectivity of natural river networks, and directly threaten the health and stability of the river ecosystem. Based on the method of Dendritic Connectivity Index (DCI), the impacts from sluices and dams on the connectivity of river network are deeply discussed herein. DCI quantitatively evaluate the connectivity of river networks based on the number of water conservancy facilities, the connectivity of fish and geographical location. The results show that the number of water conservancy facilities and their location in the river basin have a great influence on the connectivity of the river network. With the increase of the number of sluices and dams, DCI is decreasing gradually, but its decreasing range is becoming smaller and smaller. The dam located in the middle of the river network cuts the upper and lower parts of the whole river network, and destroys the connectivity of the river network more seriously. Therefore, this method can be widely applied to the comparison of different alternatives during planning of river basins and then provide a reference for the site selection and design of the water conservancy project and facility concerned.

Urban river design and aesthetics: A river restoration case study from the UK

OpenAIRE

Prior, Jonathan

2016-01-01

This paper analyses the restoration of an urbanized section of the River Skerne where it flows through a suburb of Darlington, England; a project which was one of the first comprehensive urban river restorations undertaken in the UK. It is shown how aesthetic values were central to the identification of the River Skerne as a site for restoration, the production of restoration objectives, and a design vision of urban river renewal via restoration. Secondly, the means by which these aesthetic v...

Environmental pollution: quantitative analysis of particulate matter (PM{sub 10}) by SR-TXRF

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moreira, Silvana; Melo Junior, Ariston da Silva [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo]. E-mails: silvana@fec.unicamp.br; juniorariston@gmail.com; Zucchi, Orgheda Luiza Araujo Domingues [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas]. E-mail: olzucchi@fcfrp.usp.br; Vives, Ana Elisa Sirito de [Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba (UNIMEP), Santa Barbara D' Oeste, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo]. E-mail: aesvives@unimep.br

2007-07-01

The atmospheric pollution is a concern in the great urban centers, due its association with man pathologies. The Campinas region is one of the most urbanized of the Sao Paulo State and an important industrial center. Thus, due to its location and importance were installed three samplers for particulate material (PM{sub 10}). One sampler was located in downtown of Campinas city, in an avenue with high vehicular flow. Another sampler was installed in the UNICAMP campus and the third one in Paulinia city, near to REPLAN. For downtown of Campinas city PM{sub 10} concentrations higher than regular air quality established by CETESB (150 {mu}g.m{sup -3}) was observed. The PM{sub 10} values for Paulinia and downtown of Campinas were higher than Barao Geraldo location. Employing SR-TXRF was possible identify and quantify 19 elements in the particulate material samples. All the measurements were performed at Synchrotron Light Source Laboratory, Campinas, SP. After statistics analysis by principal components and cluster analysis was possible to assemble the elements according emission sources. The dusty soil for coarse fraction contributed with 62%, 51% and 46% for Barao Geraldo, Paulinia and downtown of Campinas, respectively. The vehicular emission was responsible for 16% at downtown Campinas city as expected due to high vehicular flow at sampling place. The vehicular and industrial emissions contributed with 20% and 25%, respectively at Paulinia sampling site. The industrial emissions observed for Barao Geraldo and downtown of Campinas city were 27% and 33%, respectively. (author)

Potential relationships between the river discharge and the precipitation in the Jinsha River basin, China

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Gaoxu; Zeng, Xiaofan; Zhao, Na; He, Qifang; Bai, Yiran; Zhang, Ruoyu

2018-02-01

The relationships between the river discharge and the precipitation in the Jinsha River basin are discussed in this study. In addition, the future precipitation trend from 2011-2050 and its potential influence on the river discharge are analysed by applying the CCLM-modelled precipitation. According to the observed river discharge and precipitation, the annual river discharge at the two main hydrological stations displays good correlations with the annual precipitation in the Jinsha River basin. The predicted future precipitation tends to change similarly as the change that occurred during the observation period, whereas the monthly distributions over a year could be more uneven, which is unfavourable for water resources management.

76 FR 25545 - Safety Zone; Blue Crab Festival Fireworks Display, Little River, Little River, SC

Science.gov (United States)

2011-05-05

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Blue Crab Festival Fireworks Display, Little River, Little River, SC AGENCY: Coast... zone on the waters of Little River in Little River, South Carolina during the Blue Crab Festival... this rule because the Coast Guard did not receive notice of the Blue Crab Festival Fireworks Display...

Hydraulic characteristics of the New River in the New River Gorge National River, West Virginia

Science.gov (United States)

Wiley, J.B.; Appel, David H.

1989-01-01

Traveltime, dispersion, water-surface and streambed profiles, and cross-section data were collected for use in application of flow and solute-transport models to the New River in the New River Gorge National River, West Virginia. Dye clouds subjected to increasing and decreasing flow rates (unsteady flow) showed that increasing flows shorten the cloud and decreasing flows lengthen the cloud. After the flow rate was changed and the flow was again steady, traveltime and dispersion characteristics were determined by the new rate of flow. Seven stage/streamflow relations identified the general changes of stream geometry throughout the study reach. Channel cross sections were estimated for model input. Low water and streambed profiles were developed from surveyed water surface elevations and water depths. (USGS)

Ichthyoplankton entrainment study at the SRS Savannah River water intakes for Westinghouse Savannah River Company

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Paller, M.

1992-01-01

Cooling water for L and K Reactors and makeup water for Par Pond is pumped from the Savannah River at the 1G, 3G, and 5G pump houses. Ichthyoplankton (drifting fish larvae and eggs) from the river are entrained into the reactor cooling systems with the river water and passed through the reactor's heat exchangers where temperatures may reach 70 degrees C during full power operation. Ichthyoplankton mortality under such conditions is assumed to be 100 percent. The number of ichthyoplankton entrained into the cooling system depends on a variety of variables, including time of year, density and distribution of ichthyoplankton in the river, discharge levels in the river, and the volume of water withdrawn by the pumps. Entrainment at the 1 G pump house, which is immediately downstream from the confluence of Upper Three Runs Creek and the Savannah River, is also influenced by discharge rates and ichthyoplankton densities in Upper Three Runs Creek. Because of the anticipated restart of several SRS reactors and the growing concern surrounding striped bass and American shad stocks in the Savannah River, the Department of Energy requested that the Environmental Sciences Section (ESS) of the Savannah River Laboratory sample ichthyoplankton at the SRS Savannah River intakes. Dams ampersand Moore, Inc., under a contract with Westinghouse Savannah River Company performed the sampling and data analysis for the ESS

Down to the River

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wessels, Josepha Ivanka

2015-01-01

Currently there is no coherent or sustainable water cooperation among the five states—Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestinian territories and Syria—that share the Jordan River. Why do people not cooperate on sustainable river basin management, even if it seems the most rational course from the persp......Currently there is no coherent or sustainable water cooperation among the five states—Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestinian territories and Syria—that share the Jordan River. Why do people not cooperate on sustainable river basin management, even if it seems the most rational course from...

Effects of urbanization on river morphology of the Talar River, Mazandarn Province, Iran

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Yousefi, Saleh; Moradi, Hamid Reza; Keesstra, Saskia; Pourghasemi, Hamid Reza; Navratil, Oldrich; Hooke, Janet

2017-01-01

In the present study, we investigate the effects of urbanization growth on river morphology in the downstream part of Talar River, east of Mazandaran Province, Iran. Morphological and morphometric parameters in 10 equal sub-reaches were defined along a 11.5 km reach of the Talar River after land

Perda precoce de molares permanentes e fatores associados em escolares de 9, 12 e 15 anos da rede pública municipal de Campina Grande, Estado da Paraíba, Brasil = Early loss of permanent molars and associated factors in schoolchildren aged 9, 12 and 15 years attending public schools in Campina Grande, Paraíba State, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francineide Guimarães Carneiro de Melo

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudo avaliou a perda precoce de molares permanentes em escolares da rede pública de Campina Grande, Estado da Paraíba, com idades de nove, 12 e 15 anos. A amostra compreendeu 873 escolares, aleatoriamente selecionados. O instrumento de coleta consistiu de um questionário e de uma ficha clínica. As variáveis do estudo compreenderam os aspectos relativos à perda dentária (tipo de elemento dental, localização na arcada dentária e a região do arco, à prevenção e à autopercepção em saúde bucal. A análise estatística compreendeu a distribuição de frequências e os testes do Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher. Os resultados revelaram a prevalência de 17,2% de perda dentária, sem diferenças entre os sexos, frequência de escovação e palestra educativa (p > 0,05. Os elementos dentários 36 (42,5% e 46 (33,9% foram os mais frequentemente perdidos. Observou-se a associação positiva entre perda dentária e as variáveis idade, visita ao cirurgião-dentista (OR = 2,19; IC95%: 1,35-3,59, satisfação com o sorriso (OR = 0,40; IC95%: 0,24-0,65 e a dificuldade na mastigação (OR = 2,16; IC95%: 1,48- 3,16. Conclui-se que a prevalência da perda precoce de molares permanentes foi elevada, sendo necessária a imediata adoção de ações curativas a fim de reduzir a perda precoce desses elementos dentários.This study evaluate the early loss of permanent molars in schoolchildren aged 9, 12 and 15 years attending public schools in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba State, Brazil. The sample was composed of 873 randomly selected schoolchildren. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire and a clinical chart. The following variables were analyzed: tooth loss (tooth type, localization in the dental arch and region of the arch, prevention and selfperception of oral health. The statistical analysis was done by frequency distribution and the chisquare and fisher’s exact tests were used. The results showed a prevalence of

Uranium in river water

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Palmer, M.R.; Edmond, J.M.

1993-01-01

The concentration of dissolved uranium has been determined in over 250 river waters from the Orinoco, Amazon, and Ganges basins. Uranium concentrations are largely determined by dissolution of limestones, although weathering of black shales represents an important additional source in some basins. In shield terrains the level of dissolved U is transport limited. Data from the Amazon indicate that floodplains do not represent a significant source of U in river waters. In addition, the authors have determined dissolved U levels in forty rivers from around the world and coupled these data with previous measurements to obtain an estimate for the global flux of dissolved U to the oceans. The average concentration of U in river waters is 1.3 nmol/kg, but this value is biased by very high levels observed in the Ganges-Brahmaputra and Yellow rivers. When these river systems are excluded from the budget, the global average falls to 0.78 nmol/kg. The global riverine U flux lies in the range of 3-6 x 10 7 mol/yr. The major uncertainty that restricts the accuracy of this estimate (and that of all other dissolved riverine fluxes) is the difficulty in obtaining representative samples from rivers which show large seasonal and annual variations in runoff and dissolved load

River meander modeling of the Wabash River near the Interstate 64 Bridge near Grayville, Illinois

Science.gov (United States)

Lant, Jeremiah G.; Boldt, Justin A.

2018-01-16

Natural river channels continually evolve and change shape over time. As a result, channel evolution or migration can cause problems for bridge structures that are fixed in the flood plain. A once-stable bridge structure that was uninfluenced by a river’s shape could be encroached upon by a migrating river channel. The potential effect of the actively meandering Wabash River on the Interstate 64 Bridge at the border with Indiana near Grayville, Illinois, was studied using a river migration model called RVR Meander. RVR Meander is a toolbox that can be used to model river channel meander migration with physically based bank erosion methods. This study assesses the Wabash River meandering processes through predictive modeling of natural meandering over the next 100 years, climate change effects through increased river flows, and bank protection measures near the Interstate 64 Bridge.

33 CFR 207.10 - Charles River, Mass.; dam of Charles River Basin Commission.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Charles River, Mass.; dam of Charles River Basin Commission. 207.10 Section 207.10 Navigation and Navigable Waters CORPS OF ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE NAVIGATION REGULATIONS § 207.10 Charles River, Mass.; dam of...

Nitrogen and phosphorus in the Upper Mississippi River: Transport, processing, and effects on the river ecosystem

Science.gov (United States)

Houser, J.N.; Richardson, W.B.

2010-01-01

Existing research on nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) can be organized into the following categories: (1) Long-term changes in nutrient concentrations and export, and their causes; (2) Nutrient cycling within the river; (3) Spatial and temporal patterns of river nutrient concentrations; (4) Effects of elevated nutrient concentrations on the river; and (5) Actions to reduce river nutrient concentrations and flux. Nutrient concentration and flux in the Mississippi River have increased substantially over the last century because of changes in land use, climate, hydrology, and river management and engineering. As in other large floodplain rivers, rates of processes that cycle nitrogen and phosphorus in the UMR exhibit pronounced spatial and temporal heterogeneity because of the complex morphology of the river. This spatial variability in nutrient processing creates clear spatial patterns in nutrient concentrations. For example, nitrate concentrations generally are much lower in off-channel areas than in the main channel. The specifics of in-river nutrient cycling and the effects of high rates of nutrient input on UMR have been less studied than the factors affecting nutrient input to the river and transport to the Gulf of Mexico, and important questions concerning nutrient cycling in the UMR remain. Eutrophication and resulting changes in river productivity have only recently been investigated the UMR. These recent studies indicate that the high nutrient concentrations in the river may affect community composition of aquatic vegetation (e. g., the abundance of filamentous algae and duckweeds), dissolved oxygen concentrations in off-channel areas, and the abundance of cyanobacteria. Actions to reduce nutrient input to the river include changes in land-use practices, wetland restoration, and hydrological modifications to the river. Evidence suggests that most of the above methods can contribute to reducing nutrient concentration in

Evaluation of heavy metals in solid waste disposal sites in Campinas city, Brazil, using synchrotron radiation total reflection X-ray fluorescence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Faria, Bruna F.; Moreira, Silvana

2011-01-01

The problem of solid waste in most countries is on the rise as a result of rapid population growth, urbanization, industrial development and changes in consumption habits. Amongst the various forms of waste disposals, landfills are today the most viable for the Brazilian reality; both technically and economically. Constructive characteristics allow minimizing the effects of the two main sources of pollution from solid waste: landfill gas and slurry. However, minimizing is not synonymous with eliminating, consequently the landfill alone cannot resolve all the problems concerning solid waste disposal. The main goal of this work is to evaluate the content of trace elements in samples of groundwater, surface water and slurry arising from local solid waste disposals in the city of Campinas SP Brazil. Samples of surface and groundwater, slurry; were collected in the Delta, Santa Barbara and Pirelli landfills. At Delta and Santa Barbara values above the maximum permitted level established by CETESB for Cr, Ni and Pb in samples of groundwater were observed, while at Pirelli, P b concentrations were above the permitted. At Delta values above levels permitted by legislation CONAMA 357 were still observed in surface water samples for Cr and Cu; whereas in slurry samples, values above the levels permitted were observed for: Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb. Slurry samples were prepared in accordance with two extraction methodologies, EPA 3050B and EPA 200.8. Concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu and Pb obtained were higher than the limit established by CONAMA 357 for most samples collected at different periods (dry and rainy) and also for the two extraction methodologies employed. (author)

Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Solid Waste Disposal Sites in Campinas City, Brazil Using Synchrotron Radiation Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Faria, Bruna Fernanda de; Moreira, Silvana

2011-01-01

The problem of solid waste in most countries is on the rise as a result of rapid population growth, urbanization, industrial development and changes in consumption habits. Amongst the various forms of waste disposals, landfills are today the most viable for the Brazilian reality, both technically and economically. Proper landfill construction practices allow minimizing the effects of the two main sources of pollution from solid waste: landfill gas and slurry. However, minimizing is not synonymous with eliminating; consequently, the landfill alone cannot resolve all the problems with solid waste disposal. The main goal of this work is to evaluate the content of trace elements in samples of groundwater, surface water and slurry arising from local solid waste disposals in the city of Campinas, SP, Brazil. Samples were collected at the Delta, Santa Barbara and Pirelli landfills. At the Delta and Santa Barbara sites, values above the maximum permitted level established by CETESB for Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni and Pb were observed in samples of groundwater, while at the Pirelli site, elements with concentrations above the permitted levels were Mn, Fe, Ba and Pb. At Delta, values above levels permitted by the CONAMA 357 legislation were still observed in surface water samples for Cr, Mn, Fe and Cu, whereas in slurry samples, values above the permitted levels were observed for Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb. Slurry samples were prepared in accordance with two extraction methodologies, EPA 3050B and EPA 200.8. Concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu and Pb were higher than the limit established by CONAMA 357 for most samples collected at different periods (dry and rainy) and also for the two extraction methodologies employed.

Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Solid Waste Disposal Sites in Campinas City, Brazil Using Synchrotron Radiation Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence

Science.gov (United States)

de Faria, Bruna Fernanda; Moreira, Silvana

2011-12-01

The problem of solid waste in most countries is on the rise as a result of rapid population growth, urbanization, industrial development and changes in consumption habits. Amongst the various forms of waste disposals, landfills are today the most viable for the Brazilian reality, both technically and economically. Proper landfill construction practices allow minimizing the effects of the two main sources of pollution from solid waste: landfill gas and slurry. However, minimizing is not synonymous with eliminating; consequently, the landfill alone cannot resolve all the problems with solid waste disposal. The main goal of this work is to evaluate the content of trace elements in samples of groundwater, surface water and slurry arising from local solid waste disposals in the city of Campinas, SP, Brazil. Samples were collected at the Delta, Santa Barbara and Pirelli landfills. At the Delta and Santa Barbara sites, values above the maximum permitted level established by CETESB for Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni and Pb were observed in samples of groundwater, while at the Pirelli site, elements with concentrations above the permitted levels were Mn, Fe, Ba and Pb. At Delta, values above levels permitted by the CONAMA 357 legislation were still observed in surface water samples for Cr, Mn, Fe and Cu, whereas in slurry samples, values above the permitted levels were observed for Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb. Slurry samples were prepared in accordance with two extraction methodologies, EPA 3050B and EPA 200.8. Concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu and Pb were higher than the limit established by CONAMA 357 for most samples collected at different periods (dry and rainy) and also for the two extraction methodologies employed.

Landuse Types within Channel Corridor and River Channel Morphology of River Ona, Ibadan, Nigeria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Olutoyin Fashae

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The importance of river a corridor warrants a well thought out and balanced management approach because it helps in improving or maintaining water quality, protecting wetlands, etc. Hence, this study seeks to identify major landuse types within the River Ona Corridor; examine the impact of these landuse types within the River Ona corridor on its channel morphology and understand the risk being posed by these landuse types. The study is designed by selecting two reaches of six times the average width from each of the four major landuse types that exist along the river corridor. This study revealed that along the downstream section of Eleyele Dam of River Ona, natural forest stabilizes river channel banks, thereby presenting a narrow and shallow width and depth respectively but the widest of all is found at the agricultural zones.

History of river regulation of the Noce River (NE Italy) and related bio-morphodynamic responses

Science.gov (United States)

Serlet, Alyssa; Scorpio, Vittoria; Mastronunzio, Marco; Proto, Matteo; Zen, Simone; Zolezzi, Guido; Bertoldi, Walter; Comiti, Francesco; Prà, Elena Dai; Surian, Nicola; Gurnell, Angela

2016-04-01

The Noce River is a hydropower-regulated Alpine stream in Northern-East Italy and a major tributary of the Adige River, the second longest Italian river. The objective of the research is to investigate the response of the lower course of the Noce to two main stages of hydromorphological regulation; channelization/ diversion and, one century later, hydropower regulation. This research uses a historical reconstruction to link the geomorphic response with natural and human-induced factors by identifying morphological and vegetation features from historical maps and airborne photogrammetry and implementing a quantitative analysis of the river response to channelization and flow / sediment supply regulation related to hydropower development. A descriptive overview is presented. The concept of evolutionary trajectory is integrated with predictions from morphodynamic theories for river bars that allow increased insight to investigate the river response to a complex sequence of regulatory events such as development of bars, islands and riparian vegetation. Until the mid-19th century the river had a multi-thread channel pattern. Thereafter (1852) the river was straightened and diverted. Upstream of Mezzolombardo village the river was constrained between embankments of approximately 100 m width while downstream they are of approximately 50 m width. Since channelization some interesting geomorphic changes have appeared in the river e.g. the appearance of alternate bars in the channel. In 1926 there was a breach in the right bank of the downstream part that resulted in a multi-thread river reach which can be viewed as a recovery to the earlier multi-thread pattern. After the 1950's the flow and sediment supply became strongly regulated by hydropower development. The analysis of aerial images reveals that the multi-thread reach became progressively stabilized by vegetation development over the bars, though signs of some dynamics can still be recognizable today, despite the

Molybdenum, vanadium, and uranium weathering in small mountainous rivers and rivers draining high-standing islands

Science.gov (United States)

Gardner, Christopher B.; Carey, Anne E.; Lyons, W. Berry; Goldsmith, Steven T.; McAdams, Brandon C.; Trierweiler, Annette M.

2017-12-01

Rivers draining high standing islands (HSIs) and small mountainous rivers (SMRs) are known to have extremely high sediment fluxes, and can also have high chemical weathering yields, which makes them potentially important contributors to the global riverine elemental flux to the ocean. This work reports on the riverine concentrations, ocean flux, and weathering yields of Molybdenum (Mo), Vanadium (V), and Uranium (U) in a large number of small but geochemically important rivers using 338 river samples from ten lithologically-diverse regions. These redox-sensitive elements are used extensively to infer paleo-redox conditions in the ocean, and Mo and V are also important rock-derived micronutrients used by microorganisms in nitrogen fixation. Unlike in large river systems, in which dissolved Mo has been attributed predominately to pyrite dissolution, Mo concentrations in these rivers did not correlate with sulfate concentrations. V was found to correlate strongly with Si in terrains dominated by silicate rocks, but this trend was not observed in primarily sedimentary regions. Many rivers exhibited much higher V/Si ratios than larger rivers, and rivers draining young Quaternary volcanic rocks in Nicaragua had much higher dissolved V concentrations (mean = 1306 nM) than previously-studied rivers. U concentrations were generally well below the global average with the exception of rivers draining primarily sedimentary lithologies containing carbonates and shales. Fluxes of U and Mo from igneous terrains of intermediate composition are lower than the global average, while fluxes of V from these regions are higher, and up to two orders of magnitude higher in the Nicaragua rivers. Weathering yields of Mo and V in most regions are above the global mean, despite lower than average concentrations measured in some of those systems, indicating that the chemical weathering of these elements are higher in these SMR watersheds than larger drainages. In regions of active boundaries

Return to the river: strategies for salmon restoration in the Columbia River Basin.

Science.gov (United States)

Richard N. Williams; Jack A. Standford; James A. Lichatowich; William J. Liss; Charles C. Coutant; Willis E. McConnaha; Richard R. Whitney; Phillip R. Mundy; Peter A. Bisson; Madison S. Powell

2006-01-01

The Columbia River today is a great "organic machine" (White 1995) that dominates the economy of the Pacific Northwest. Even though natural attributes remain—for example, salmon production in Washington State's Hanford Reach, the only unimpounded reach of the mainstem Columbia River—the Columbia and Snake River mainstems are dominated...

Biological surveys on the Savannah River in the vicinity of the Savannah River Plant (1951-1976)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matthews, R. A.

1982-04-01

In 1951, the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia was contracted by the Savannah River Plant to initiate a long-term monitoring program in the Savannah River. The purpose of this program was to determine the effect of the Savannah River Plant on the Savannah River aquatic ecosystem. The data from this monitoring program have been computerized by the Savannah River Laboratory, and are summarized in this report. During the period from 1951-1976, 16 major surveys were conducted by the Academy in the Savannah River. Water chemistry analyses were made, and all major biological communities were sampled qualitatively during the spring and fall of each survey year. In addition, quantitative diatom data have been collected quarterly since 1953. Major changes in the Savannah River basin, in the Savannah River Plant's activities, and in the Academy sampling patterns are discussed to provide a historical overview of the biomonitoring program. Appendices include a complete taxonomic listing of species collected from the Savannah River, and summaries of the entire biological and physicochemical data base.

River Corridors (Jan 2, 2015)

Data.gov (United States)

Vermont Center for Geographic Information — River corridors are delineated to provide for the least erosive meandering and floodplain geometry toward which a river will evolve over time. River corridor maps...

RESEARCH OF ANTIGEN AND ANTIBODIES FROM RETROVIRUSES, CMV AND HBV AMONG PRISONERS OF THE PENITENTIARY COMPLEX OF THE REGION OF CAMPINAS, SP, BRAZIL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Neusa Maria OSTI

1998-07-01

Full Text Available Some viruses of the families Retroviridae, such as Human T Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV; Herpesviridae as the Cytomegalovirus (CMV and Hepadnaviridae such as the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV are liable to be co-transmitted with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV. Since prisoners are exposed to several and important risk factors involved in the transmission of HIV and the above mentioned viruses, male inmates from the penitentiary complex of Campinas, SP, Brazil, including HIV + and HIV - ones, were examined for the presence of HTLV-I and/or II antibodies; IgG and IgM anti-CMV antibodies, and the research of the superficial hepatitis B antigen (HBsAg. The presence of anti-HTLV-I and/or II was determined by the Western Blot (WB technique, whereas IgG and IgM anti-CMV and the search of HBsAg were carried out by the Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay (MEIA-Abbott Lab.With regard to anti-HTLV-I and/or II, 58.3% (14/24-Number of positive reactions/number of sera examined were reactive among the anti-HIV positive sera. Conversely, only 12.5% (3/24 among the HIV- negative sera showed positive reactions to HTLV-I and/or II antibodies. When looking for IgG anti-CMV percentages of 97.7% (43/44 and 95% (38/40 were obtained for anti-HIV positive and negative sera, respectively. As to IgM anti-CMV antibodies 11.36% (5/44 and 2.5% (1/40 of reactive sera were found for anti-HIV positive and negative, respectively. The HBsAg was found in 12.8% (5/39 of the sera which were anti-HIV positive.Alguns vírus das famílias Retroviridae, tais como, o Vírus do Linfoma Humano de Células T ( HTLV; Herpesviridae, tais como o Vírus Citomegálico (CMV e da Hepatite B (HBV podem ser co-transmitidos com o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (HIV. Uma vez que prisioneiros estão expostos a diversos fatores de risco envolvidos na transmissão do HIV e dos vírus acima mencionados, prisioneiros do sexo masculino do Complexo Penitenciário de Campinas, SP, Brasil, incluindo aqueles

Benchmarking wide swath altimetry-based river discharge estimation algorithms for the Ganges river system

Science.gov (United States)

Bonnema, Matthew G.; Sikder, Safat; Hossain, Faisal; Durand, Michael; Gleason, Colin J.; Bjerklie, David M.

2016-04-01

The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of three algorithms that estimate discharge from remotely sensed observables (river width, water surface height, and water surface slope) in anticipation of the forthcoming NASA/CNES Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission. SWOT promises to provide these measurements simultaneously, and the river discharge algorithms included here are designed to work with these data. Two algorithms were built around Manning's equation, the Metropolis Manning (MetroMan) method, and the Mean Flow and Geomorphology (MFG) method, and one approach uses hydraulic geometry to estimate discharge, the at-many-stations hydraulic geometry (AMHG) method. A well-calibrated and ground-truthed hydrodynamic model of the Ganges river system (HEC-RAS) was used as reference for three rivers from the Ganges River Delta: the main stem of Ganges, the Arial-Khan, and the Mohananda Rivers. The high seasonal variability of these rivers due to the Monsoon presented a unique opportunity to thoroughly assess the discharge algorithms in light of typical monsoon regime rivers. It was found that the MFG method provides the most accurate discharge estimations in most cases, with an average relative root-mean-squared error (RRMSE) across all three reaches of 35.5%. It is followed closely by the Metropolis Manning algorithm, with an average RRMSE of 51.5%. However, the MFG method's reliance on knowledge of prior river discharge limits its application on ungauged rivers. In terms of input data requirement at ungauged regions with no prior records, the Metropolis Manning algorithm provides a more practical alternative over a region that is lacking in historical observations as the algorithm requires less ancillary data. The AMHG algorithm, while requiring the least prior river data, provided the least accurate discharge measurements with an average wet and dry season RRMSE of 79.8% and 119.1%, respectively, across all rivers studied. This poor

Towards Biological Restoration of Tehran Megalopolis River Valleys- Case Study: Farahzad River

Science.gov (United States)

Samadi, Nafishe; Oveis Torabi, Seyed; Akhani, Hossein

2017-04-01

Towards biological restoration of Tehran megalopolis river-valleys: case study Farahzad river 1Nafiseh Samadi, 2OveisTorabi, 3Hossein Akhani 1Mahsab Shargh Company, Tehran ,Iran, nafiseh19@gmail.com 2 Mahsab Shargh Company, Tehran ,Iran, weg@tna-co.com 3Department of Plant Sciences, Halophytes and C4 Research Laboratory, School of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Tehran, PO Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran, akhani@khayam.ut.ac.ir Tehran is located in northcentral parts of Iran on the alluvium of southern Alborz Mountains. Seven rivers originated from the highlands of N Tehran run inside and around the city. Many of these river valleys have been deformed by a variety of urban utilizations such as garden, building, canal, park, autobahn etc. Tehran with more than eight million populations suffered from adverse environmental conditions such as pollution and scarcity of natural habitats for recreational activities. Ecological restoration of altered river valleys of Tehran is one of the priorities of Tehran municipality started as a pilot project in Farahzad river. Intensive disturbance, conversion into various urban utilization, illegal building construction, waste water release into the river, garbage accumulation, artificial park constructions and domination of invasive species have largely altered the river. Parts of the river located in Pardisan Nature Park was studied before its complete deformation into a modern park. The riparian vegetation consisted of Tamarix ramosissima and Salix acmophylla shrubs with large number of aquatic and palustric plants. The norther parts of the river still contain semi-natural vegetation which change into patchy and intensive degraded habitats towards its southern parts. In northern parts of valley there are old gardens of Morus alba and Juglans regia, and planted trees such as Plataneus oreientalis and Acer negundo. Salix acmophylla, Fraxinus excelsior and Celtis caucasica are native species growing on river margin or

Global relationships in river hydromorphology

Science.gov (United States)

Pavelsky, T.; Lion, C.; Allen, G. H.; Durand, M. T.; Schumann, G.; Beighley, E.; Yang, X.

2017-12-01

Since the widespread adoption of digital elevation models (DEMs) in the 1980s, most global and continental-scale analysis of river flow characteristics has been focused on measurements derived from DEMs such as drainage area, elevation, and slope. These variables (especially drainage area) have been related to other quantities of interest such as river width, depth, and velocity via empirical relationships that often take the form of power laws. More recently, a number of groups have developed more direct measurements of river location and some aspects of planform geometry from optical satellite imagery on regional, continental, and global scales. However, these satellite-derived datasets often lack many of the qualities that make DEM=derived datasets attractive, including robust network topology. Here, we present analysis of a dataset that combines the Global River Widths from Landsat (GRWL) database of river location, width, and braiding index with a river database extracted from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission DEM and the HydroSHEDS dataset. Using these combined tools, we present a dataset that includes measurements of river width, slope, braiding index, upstream drainage area, and other variables. The dataset is available everywhere that both datasets are available, which includes all continental areas south of 60N with rivers sufficiently large to be observed with Landsat imagery. We use the dataset to examine patterns and frequencies of river form across continental and global scales as well as global relationships among variables including width, slope, and drainage area. The results demonstrate the complex relationships among different dimensions of river hydromorphology at the global scale.

Assessing impact of urbanization on river water quality in the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone, China.

Science.gov (United States)

Ouyang, Tingping; Zhu, Zhaoyu; Kuang, Yaoqiu

2006-09-01

The Pearl River Delta Economic Zone is one of the most developed regions in China. It has been undergoing a rapid urbanization since the reformation and opening of China in 1978. This process plays a significant impact on the urban environment, particularly river water quality. The main goal of this present study is to assess the impact of urban activities especially urbanization on river water quality for the study area. Some Landsat TM images from 2000 were used to map the areas for different pollution levels of urban river sections for the study area. In addition, an improved equalized synthetic pollution index method was utilized to assess the field analytical results. The results indicate that there is a positive correlation between the rapidity of urbanization and the pollution levels of urban river water. Compared to the rural river water, urban river water was polluted more seriously. During the urban development process, urbanization and urban activities had a significant negative impact on the river water quality.

On geo-basis of river regulation——A case study for the middle reaches of the Yangtze River

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

2008-01-01

From the point of view that people have to obey the river’s geo-attributes in the river regulation, the definition and the meaning of the geo-attributes of a river are discussed. The geo-basis of the river regulation of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River is expounded in five aspects, including the structural geomorphology environment of flood storage and discharge, the distribution characteristics of subsidence and the sedimentation areas of Dongting Basin, the history evolution of Jianghan Basin, the function of Jianghan Basin and Dongting Basin as the flood water detention areas of Jingjiang River reach in ancient time, and the geological characteristic of Jingjiang River reach. Based on the geo-attributes of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, some ideas about the middle reach regulation of the Yangtze River are put forward: to process the interchange between the lakes and diked marsh areas in Dongting Basin, to canal the new river route as the flood diversion channel of Jingjiang River reach with the paleo river, to recover the function of Jianghan Basin as flood detention area of the middle reaches. And we should take into consideration the geo-environment of the whole Yangtze River in the river regulation of middle reaches.

Climatic control of Mississippi River flood hazard amplified by river engineering

Science.gov (United States)

Munoz, Samuel E.; Giosan, Liviu; Therrell, Matthew D.; Remo, Jonathan W. F.; Shen, Zhixiong; Sullivan, Richard M.; Wiman, Charlotte; O’Donnell, Michelle; Donnelly, Jeffrey P.

2018-04-01

Over the past century, many of the world’s major rivers have been modified for the purposes of flood mitigation, power generation and commercial navigation. Engineering modifications to the Mississippi River system have altered the river’s sediment levels and channel morphology, but the influence of these modifications on flood hazard is debated. Detecting and attributing changes in river discharge is challenging because instrumental streamflow records are often too short to evaluate the range of natural hydrological variability before the establishment of flood mitigation infrastructure. Here we show that multi-decadal trends of flood hazard on the lower Mississippi River are strongly modulated by dynamical modes of climate variability, particularly the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, but that the artificial channelization (confinement to a straightened channel) has greatly amplified flood magnitudes over the past century. Our results, based on a multi-proxy reconstruction of flood frequency and magnitude spanning the past 500 years, reveal that the magnitude of the 100-year flood (a flood with a 1 per cent chance of being exceeded in any year) has increased by 20 per cent over those five centuries, with about 75 per cent of this increase attributed to river engineering. We conclude that the interaction of human alterations to the Mississippi River system with dynamical modes of climate variability has elevated the current flood hazard to levels that are unprecedented within the past five centuries.

Shutdown of the River Water System at the Savannah River Site: Draft environmental impact statement

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1996-11-01

This environmental impact statement (EIS) evaluates alternative approaches to and environmental impacts of shutting down the River Water System at the Savannah River Site (SRS). Five production reactors were operated at the site.to support these facilities, the River Water System was constructed to provide cooling water to pass through heat exchangers to absorb heat from the reactor core in each of the five reactor areas (C, K, L, P, and R). The DOE Savannah River Strategic Plan directs the SRS to find ways to reduce operating costs and to determine what site infrastructure it must maintain and what infrastructure is surplus. The River Water System has been identified as a potential surplus facility. Three alternatives to reduce the River Water System operating costs are evaluated in this EIS. In addition to the No-Action Alternative, which consists of continuing to operate the River Water System, this EIS examines one alternative (the Preferred Alternative) to shut down and maintain the River Water System in a standby condition until DOE determines that a standby condition is no longer necessary, and one alternative to shut down and deactivate the River Water System. The document provides background information and introduces the River Water System at the SRS; sets forth the purpose and need for DOE action; describes the alternatives DOE is considering; describes the environment at the SRS and in the surrounding area potentially affected by the alternatives addressed and provides a detailed assessment of the potential environmental impacts of the alternatives; and identifies regulatory requirements and evaluates their applicability to the alternatives considered

Remote-Sensing Hydraulic Characterization of Channel Habitat Units in a Tropical Montane River: Bladen River, Belize

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sarah Praskievicz

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The physical characteristics of river systems exert significant control on the habitat for aquatic species, including the distribution of in-stream channel habitat units. Most previous studies on channel habitat units have focused on midlatitude rivers, which differ in several substantive ways from tropical rivers. Field delineation of channel habitat units is especially challenging in tropical rivers, many of which are remote and difficult to access. Here, we developed an approach for delineating channel habitat units based on a combination of field measurements, remote sensing, and hydraulic modeling, and applied it to a 4.1-km segment of the Bladen River in southern Belize. We found that the most prevalent channel habitat unit on the study segment was runs, followed by pools and riffles. Average spacing of channel habitat units was up to twice as high on the study segment than the typical values reported for midlatitude rivers, possibly because of high erosion rates in the tropical environment. The approach developed here can be applied to other rivers to build understanding of the controls on and spatial distribution of channel habitat units on tropical rivers and to support river management and conservation goals.

Phenomena and characteristics of barrier river reaches in the middle and lower Yangtze River, China

Science.gov (United States)

You, Xingying; Tang, Jinwu

2017-06-01

Alluvial river self-adjustment describes the mechanism whereby a river that was originally in an equilibrium state of sediment transport encounters some disturbance that destroys the balance and results in responses such as riverbed deformation. A systematic study of historical and recent aerial photographs and topographic maps in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River (MLYR) shows that river self-adjustment has the distinguishing feature of transferring from upstream to downstream, which may affect flood safety, waterway morphology, bank stability, and aquatic environmental safety over relatively long reaches downstream. As a result, it is necessary to take measures to control or block this transfer. Using the relationship of the occurrence time of channel adjustments between the upstream and downstream, 34 single-thread river reaches in the MLYR were classified into four types: corresponding, basically corresponding, basically not corresponding, not corresponding. The latter two types, because of their ability to prevent upstream channel adjustment from transferring downstream, are called barrier river reaches in this study. Statistics indicate that barrier river reaches are generally single thread and slightly curved, with a narrow and deep cross-sectional morphology, and without flow deflecting nodes in the upper and middle parts of reaches. Moreover, in the MLYR, barrier river reaches have a hydrogeometric coefficient of {}1.2‱, a silty clay content of the concave bank {>}{9.5}%, and a median diameter of the bed sediment {>}{0.158} mm. The barrier river reach mechanism lies in that can effectively centralise the planimetric position of the main stream from different upstream directions, meaning that no matter how the upper channel adjusts, the main stream shows little change, providing relatively stable inflow conditions for the lower reaches. Regarding river regulation, it is necessary to optimise the benefits of barrier river reaches; long river

Bank storage buffers rivers from saline regional groundwater: an example from the Avon River Australia

Science.gov (United States)

Gilfedder, Benjamin; Hofmann, Harald; Cartwrighta, Ian

2014-05-01

Groundwater-surface water interactions are often conceptually and numerically modeled as a two component system: a groundwater system connected to a stream, river or lake. However, transient storage zones such as hyporheic exchange, bank storage, parafluvial flow and flood plain storage complicate the two component model by delaying the release of flood water from the catchment. Bank storage occurs when high river levels associated with flood water reverses the hydraulic gradient between surface water and groundwater. River water flows into the riparian zone, where it is stored until the flood water recede. The water held in the banks then drains back into the river over time scales ranging from days to months as the hydraulic gradient returns to pre-flood levels. If the frequency and amplitude of flood events is high enough, water held in bank storage can potentially perpetually remain between the regional groundwater system and the river. In this work we focus on the role of bank storage in buffering river salinity levels against saline regional groundwater on lowland sections of the Avon River, Victoria, Australia. We hypothesize that the frequency and magnitude of floods will strongly influence the salinity of the stream water as banks fill and drain. A bore transect (5 bores) was installed perpendicular to the river and were instrumented with head and electrical conductivity loggers measuring for two years. We also installed a continuous 222Rn system in one bore. This data was augmented with long-term monthly EC from the river. During high rainfall events very fresh flood waters from the headwaters infiltrated into the gravel river banks leading to a dilution in EC and 222Rn in the bores. Following the events the fresh water drained back into the river as head gradients reversed. However the bank water salinities remained ~10x lower than regional groundwater levels during most of the time series, and only slightly above river water. During 2012 SE Australia

Restoration strategies for river floodplains along large lowland rivers in Europe

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Buijse, A.D.; Coops, H.; Staras, M.; Jans, L.H.; Van Geest, G.J.; Grift, R.E.; Ibelings, B.W.; Oosterberg, W.; Roozen, F.C.J.M.

2002-01-01

1. Most temperate rivers are heavily regulated and characterised by incised channels, aggradated floodplains and modified hydroperiods. As a consequence, former extensive aquatic /terrestrial transition zones lack most of their basic ecological functions. 2. Along large rivers in Europe and North

Restoration strategies for river floodplains along large lowland rivers in Europe

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Buijse, A.D.; Coops, H.; Staras, M.; Jans, L.H.; Geest, van G.; Grift, R.E.; Ibelings, B.W.; Oosterberg, W.; Roozen, F.C.J.M.

2002-01-01

1. Most temperate rivers are heavily regulated and characterised by incised channels, aggradated floodplains and modified hydroperiods. As a consequence, former extensive aquatic/terrestrial transition zones lack most of their basic ecological functions. 2. Along large rivers in Europe and North

Distribuição de compostos organoclorados nas águas e sedimentos da bacia do rio Piracicaba/SP - Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Del Grande Marcelo

2003-01-01

Full Text Available The great utilization of synthetic and persistent xenobiotic cumulative compounds is the main causes of the deterioration of aquatic ecosystems. The one of objective of this work was the determination of the organochlorine levels in the Piracicaba river basin, situated at the center of São Paulo state. Four PCBs congeners, PCP and HCB were determined by GC-ECD in two different matrices: water and sediments. The pattern of the compound distribution indicated a dominance of PCP, HCB and PCB-200. The results indicated contamination in the sampling points located in Campinas, Piracicaba, Santa Bárbara d'Oeste and Sumaré cities.

Industrial pollution and the management of river water quality: a model of Kelani River, Sri Lanka.

Science.gov (United States)

Gunawardena, Asha; Wijeratne, E M S; White, Ben; Hailu, Atakelty; Pandit, Ram

2017-08-19

Water quality of the Kelani River has become a critical issue in Sri Lanka due to the high cost of maintaining drinking water standards and the market and non-market costs of deteriorating river ecosystem services. By integrating a catchment model with a river model of water quality, we developed a method to estimate the effect of pollution sources on ambient water quality. Using integrated model simulations, we estimate (1) the relative contribution from point (industrial and domestic) and non-point sources (river catchment) to river water quality and (2) pollutant transfer coefficients for zones along the lower section of the river. Transfer coefficients provide the basis for policy analyses in relation to the location of new industries and the setting of priorities for industrial pollution control. They also offer valuable information to design socially optimal economic policy to manage industrialized river catchments.

Purus River suspended sediment variability and contributions to the Amazon River from satellite data (2000-2015)

Science.gov (United States)

Santos, Andre Luis Martinelli Real dos; Martinez, Jean Michel; Filizola, Naziano Pantoja; Armijos, Elisa; Alves, Luna Gripp Simões

2018-01-01

The Purus River is one of the major tributaries of Solimões River in Brazil, draining an area of 370,091 km2 and stretching over 2765 km. Unlike those of the other main tributaries of the Amazon River, the Purus River's sediment discharge is poorly characterized. In this study, as an alternative to the logistic difficulties and considering high monitoring costs, we report an experiment where field measurement data and 2700 satellite (MODIS) images are combined to retrieve both seasonal and interannual dynamics in terms of the Purus river sediment discharge near its confluence with the Solimões River. Field radiometric and hydrologic measurements were acquired during 18 sampling trips, including 115 surface water samples and 61 river discharge measurements. Remote sensing reflectance gave important results in the red and infrared levels. They were very well correlated with suspended sediment concentration. The values of R2 are greater than 0.8 (red band) and 0.9 (NIR band). A retrieval algorithm based on the reflectance in both the red and the infrared was calibrated using the water samples collected for the determination of the surface-suspended sediment concentration (SSS). The algorithm was used to calculate 16 years of SSS time series with MODIS images at the Purus River near its confluence with the Solimões River. Results from satellite data correlated with in situ SSS values validate the use of satellite data to be used as a tool to monitor SSS in the Purus River. We evidenced a very short and intense sediment discharge pulse with 55% of the annual sediment budget discharged during the months of January and February. Using river discharge records, we calculated the mean annual sediment discharge of the Purus River at about of 17 Mt·yr-1.

Lowland river systems - processes, form and function

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, M. L.; Kronvang, B.; Sand-Jensen, K.

2006-01-01

Present day river valleys and rivers are not as dynamic and variable as they used to be. We will here describe the development and characteristics of rivers and their valleys and explain the background to the physical changes in river networks and channel forms from spring to the sea. We seek...... to answer two fundamental questions: How has anthropogenic disturbance of rivers changed the fundamental form and physical processes in river valleys? Can we use our understanding of fl uvial patterns to restore the dynamic nature of channelised rivers and drained fl oodplains in river valleys?...

Concentrations, loads, and sources of polychlorinated biphenyls, Neponset River and Neponset River Estuary, eastern Massachusetts

Science.gov (United States)

Breault, Robert F.

2011-01-01

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are known to contaminate the Neponset River, which flows through parts of Boston, Massachusetts, and empties into the Neponset River Estuary, an important fish-spawning area. The river is dammed and impassable to fish. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Massachusetts Department of Fish and Game, Division of Ecological Restoration, Riverways Program, collected, analyzed, and interpreted PCB data from bottom-sediment, water, and (or) fish-tissue samples in 2002, 2004-2006. Samples from the Neponset River and Neponset River Estuary were analyzed for 209 PCB congeners, PCB homologs, and Aroclors. In order to better assess the overall health quality of river-bottom sediments, sediment samples were also tested for concentrations of 31 elements. PCB concentrations measured in the top layers of bottom sediment ranged from 28 nanograms per gram (ng/g) just upstream of the Mother Brook confluence to 24,900 ng/g measured in Mother Brook. Concentrations of elements in bottom sediment were generally higher than background concentrations and higher than levels considered toxic to benthic organisms according to freshwater sediment-quality guidelines defined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Concentrations of dissolved PCBs in water samples collected from the Neponset River (May 13, 2005 to April 28, 2006) averaged about 9.2 nanograms per liter (ng/L) (annual average of monthly values); however, during the months of August (about 16.5 ng/L) and September (about 15.6 ng/L), dissolved PCB concentrations were greater than 14 ng/L, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's freshwater continuous chronic criterion for aquatic organisms. Concentrations of PCBs in white sucker (fillets and whole fish) were all greater than 2,000 ng/g wet wt, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's guideline for safe consumption of fish: PCB concentrations measured in fish-tissue samples collected from the Tileston and Hollingsworth and

Ecologia da paisagem de remanescentes florestais na bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão das Pedras - Campinas -SP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Thiago Luiz Etto

2013-12-01

Full Text Available A fragmentação dos extratos florestais e o uso de terras, muitas vezes sem os cuidados necessários para mitigação dos impactos decorrentes das atividades antrópicas, geram ecossistemas fragilizados por fenômenos como o efeito de borda, ou seja, alterações localizadas nas áreas de contato entre a matriz antropizada e o remanescente florestal. Nesse contexto, este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar a fragilidade dos fragmentos encontrados na Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão das Pedras, no Município de Campinas, SP, Brasil, utilizando técnicas de geoprocessamento. Com a base cartográfica do município, avaliaram-se o tamanho do fragmento e a tendência de formato alongado ou circular. Com base em dados cartográficos de 1962, 1972 e 2006, observou-se o declínio quantitativo e qualitativo dos fragmentos. Devido ao processo de urbanização não planejada do município, os fragmentos de menor área foram desmatados. Estes, apesar de não terem capacidade ecológica para sustentar níveis tróficos mais elevados, servem como "trampolins ecológicos", contribuindo para o fluxo biológico. De maneira análoga, os remanescentes maiores também foram desmatados e sua área, reduzida. De maneira geral, o formato dos fragmentos passou a tender para o formato alongado, o que sugere maior contato entre os remanescentes e a matriz antrópica, aumentando, assim, a vulnerabilidade dos fragmentos. Destaca-se o caso do remanescente de Cerrado encontrado no extremo nordeste da bacia que possui tendência de formato alongado (IC = 0,62 e área reduzida (0,38 ha, mostrando-se, assim, muito vulnerável às pressões antrópicas. Assim, conclui-se que os fragmentos florestais da bacia hidrográfica estudada estão altamente vulneráveis.

River-tide dynamics : Exploration of nonstationary and nonlinear tidal behavior in the Yangtze River estuary

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Guo, L.; Van der Wegen, M.; Jay, D.A.; Matte, P.; Wang, Z.B.; Roelvink, J.A.; He, Q.

2015-01-01

River-tide dynamics remain poorly understood, in part because conventional harmonic analysis (HA) does not cope effectively with nonstationary signals. To explore nonstationary behavior of river tides and the modulation effects of river discharge, this work analyzes tidal signals in the Yangtze

77 FR 23658 - Six Rivers National Forest, Gasquet Ranger District, California, The Smith River National...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-04-20

... National Forest, Gasquet Ranger District, California, The Smith River National Recreation Area [email protected] . Please insure that ``Smith River NRA Restoration and Motorized Travel Management'' occurs... UARs totaling 80 miles. The project encompasses the Smith River NRA and Gasquet Ranger District...

Criação da escola de formação de professores: imprensa e afirmação de uma cultura escolar (Campinas, 1901-1903

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leny Cristina S. S. Azevedo

Full Text Available Este texto apresenta alguns dos resultados de uma pesquisa que buscou compreender a história da Escola Normal "Carlos Gomes" de Campinas (sp, pela via das memórias dos documentos publicados pela imprensa campineira acerca da importância da criação da primeira instituição pública para formar professores para as séries iniciais do ensino. Os desdobramentos da correlação de forças estabelecida, nos tempos de 1901 a 1903, envolvendo políticos e intelectuais, foram registrados nos jornais campineiros na tentativa de se dar a conhecer, na escritura feita, não somente as normas institucionais e burocráticas que permearam os embates para a implementação da escola, como também os símbolos, valores e a pedagogia moral e cívica que acompanharam os movimentos pela expansão da educação. Busca-se analisar as relações entre imprensa e sociedade no processo de criação dessa escola, cujo modelo e tradição funcionaram como expressão da lógica de um Estado provedor, que consolida o direito de assegurar à população a expansão do ensino na cidade.

River Diversions and Shoaling

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Letter, Jr., Joseph V; Pinkard, Jr., C. F; Raphelt, Nolan K

2008-01-01

This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note describes the current knowledge of the potential impacts of river diversions on channel morphology, especially induced sedimentation in the river channel...

Bank retreat of a meandering river reach case study : River Irwell

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Duran, R.; Beevers, L.; Crosato, A.; Wright, N.G.

2009-01-01

Lack of data is often considered a limitation when undertaking morphological studies. This research deals with the morphological study of a small river experiencing bank erosion for which only limited data are available. A reach of the meandering gravel-bed river Irwell (United Kingdom) is taken as

Osteoporose autorreferida em população idosa: pesquisa de base populacional no município de Campinas, São Paulo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Iara Guimarães Rodrigues

Full Text Available RESUMO: Introdução: A osteoporose é uma doença multifatorial que predispõe o indivíduo a sofrer quedas e fraturas, provocando incapacidade funcional e uma consequente redução da qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência e fatores associados à osteoporose autorreferida na população de idosos residentes em Campinas, São Paulo (ISACAMP 2008. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal, com amostra probabilística tomada por conglomerados em 2 estágios totalizando 1.419 idosos residentes na área urbana. Foram estimadas as prevalências de osteoporose autorreferida segundo variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas, morbidades, problemas e comportamentos de saúde. Foram estimadas razões de prevalências brutas e ajustadas por meio de regressões simples e múltipla de Poisson utilizando os comandos svy do software Stata 11.0. Resultados: Encontrou-se uma prevalência de osteoporose de 14,8%, que foi significativamente mais elevada: no sexo feminino, nos indivíduos que autrorreferiram cor de pele branca, naqueles que relataram menos de 7 horas de sono/dia, nos idosos com reumatismo/artrite/artrose, asma/bronquite/enfisema, tendinite, tontura, insônia, transtorno mental comum, IMC > 27, autoavaliação da saúde como ruim e muito ruim e nos que relataram ocorrência de queda nos últimos 12 meses. Conclusão: O presente estudo, por meio da identificação dos fatores associados à osteoporose, identificou subgrupos idosos com maior prevalência da doença, podendo contribuir com essas informações para o aprimoramento de programas de saúde voltados ao controle da doença e de suas consequências.

Evaluating the Effects of Dam Construction on the Morphological Changes of Downstream Meandering Rivers (Case Study: Karkheh River

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Liaghat

2017-04-01

Full Text Available The establishment of stability in rivers is dependent on a variety of factors, and yet the established stability can be interrupted at any moment or time. One factor that can strongly disrupt the stability of rivers is the construction of dams. For this study, the identification and evaluation of morphological changes occurring to the Karkheh River, before and after the construction of the Karkheh Dam, along with determining the degree of changes to the width and length of the downstream meanders of the river, have been performed with the assistance of satellite images and by applying the CCHE2D hydrodynamic model. Results show that under natural circumstances the width of the riverbed increases downstream parallel to the decrease in the slope angle of the river. The average width of the river was reduced from 273 meters to 60 meters after dam construction. This 78% decrease in river width has made available 21 hectares of land across the river bank per kilometer length of the river. In the studied area, the average thalweg migration of the river is approximately 340 meters, while the minimum and maximum of river migration measured 53 and 768 meters, respectively. Evaluations reveal that nearly 56% of the migrations pertain to the western side of the river, while over 59% of these migrations take place outside the previous riverbed. By average, each year, the lateral migration rate of the river is 34 meters in the studied area which signifies the relevant instability of the region.

Floods of July 23-26, 2010, in the Little Maquoketa River and Maquoketa River Basins, Northeast Iowa

Science.gov (United States)

Eash, David A.

2012-01-01

Minor flooding occurred July 23, 2010, in the Little Maquoketa River Basin and major flooding occurred July 23–26, 2010, in the Maquoketa River Basin in northeast Iowa following severe thunderstorm activity over the region during July 22–24. A breach of the Lake Delhi Dam on July 24 aggravated flooding on the Maquoketa River. Rain gages at Manchester and Strawberry Point, Iowa, recorded 72-hour-rainfall amounts of 7.33 and 12.23 inches, respectively, on July 24. The majority of the rainfall occurred during a 48-hour period. Within the Little Maquoketa River Basin, a peak-discharge estimate of 19,000 cubic feet per second (annual flood-probability estimate of 4 to 10 percent) at the discontinued 05414500 Little Maquoketa River near Durango, Iowa streamgage on July 23 is the sixth largest flood on record. Within the Maquoketa River Basin, peak discharges of 26,600 cubic feet per second (annual flood-probability estimate of 0.2 to 1 percent) at the 05416900 Maquoketa River at Manchester, Iowa streamgage on July 24, and of 25,000 cubic feet per second (annual flood-probability estimate of 1 to 2 percent) at the 05418400 North Fork Maquoketa River near Fulton, Iowa streamgage on July 24 are the largest floods on record for these sites. A peak discharge affected by the Lake Delhi Dam breach on July 24 at the 05418500 Maquoketa River near Maquoketa, Iowa streamgage, located downstream of Lake Delhi, of 46,000 cubic feet per second on July 26 is the third highest on record. High-water marks were measured at five locations along the Little Maquoketa and North Fork Little Maquoketa Rivers between U.S. Highway 52 near Dubuque and County Road Y21 near Rickardsville, a distance of 19 river miles. Highwater marks were measured at 28 locations along the Maquoketa River between U.S. Highway 52 near Green Island and State Highway 187 near Arlington, a distance of 142 river miles. High-water marks were measured at 13 locations along the North Fork Maquoketa River between

The Gediz River fluvial archive

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Maddy, D.; Veldkamp, A.; Demir, T.; Gorp, van W.; Wijbrans, J.R.; Hinsbergen, van D.J.J.; Dekkers, M.J.; Schreve, D.; Schoorl, J.M.; Scaife, R.

2017-01-01

The Gediz River, one of the principal rivers of Western Anatolia, has an extensive Pleistocene fluvial archive that potentially offers a unique window into fluvial system behaviour on the western margins of Asia during the Quaternary. In this paper we review our work on the Quaternary Gediz River

Columbia River System Operation Review final environmental impact statement. Appendix A: River Operation Simulation (ROSE)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1995-11-01

The System Operation Review (SOR) is a study and environmental compliance process being used by the three Federal agencies to analyze future operations of the system and river use issues. The goal of the SOR is to achieve a coordinated system operation strategy for the river that better meets the needs of all river users. This technical appendix addresses only the effects of alternative system operating strategies for managing the Columbia River system. The River Operation Simulation Experts (ROSE) work group is comprised of representatives of the Corps, BPA, Reclamation, NMFS, Pacific Northwest Utilities Conference Committee (PNUCC), and Northwest Power Planning Council (NPPC). ROSE was responsible for using computer hydroregulation models to simulate the operation of the river system for all of the alternatives evaluated in screening and full scale analysis in SOR. These models are complex computer programs which sequentially route streamflows through each dam in the system, calculating the streamflows, reservoir elevations, spill, power generation and other information at each project and pertinent locations on the river system. ROSE first reviewed specifications of proposed alternatives to determine whether such alternatives were formulated adequately to be run on hydroregulation models

The science and practice of river restoration

Science.gov (United States)

Wohl, Ellen; Lane, Stuart N.; Wilcox, Andrew C.

2015-08-01

River restoration is one of the most prominent areas of applied water-resources science. From an initial focus on enhancing fish habitat or river appearance, primarily through structural modification of channel form, restoration has expanded to incorporate a wide variety of management activities designed to enhance river process and form. Restoration is conducted on headwater streams, large lowland rivers, and entire river networks in urban, agricultural, and less intensively human-altered environments. We critically examine how contemporary practitioners approach river restoration and challenges for implementing restoration, which include clearly identified objectives, holistic understanding of rivers as ecosystems, and the role of restoration as a social process. We also examine challenges for scientific understanding in river restoration. These include: how physical complexity supports biogeochemical function, stream metabolism, and stream ecosystem productivity; characterizing response curves of different river components; understanding sediment dynamics; and increasing appreciation of the importance of incorporating climate change considerations and resiliency into restoration planning. Finally, we examine changes in river restoration within the past decade, such as increasing use of stream mitigation banking; development of new tools and technologies; different types of process-based restoration; growing recognition of the importance of biological-physical feedbacks in rivers; increasing expectations of water quality improvements from restoration; and more effective communication between practitioners and river scientists.

O enfoque de análise de políticas e a política pública do pólo e parque de alta tecnologia de Campinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rogério Bezerra da Silva

2011-10-01

Full Text Available O artigo analisa a política pública do Pólo e Parque de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas (PATC que, como uma das orientações da política científica e tecnológica brasileira, vem sendo elaboradas nas três últimas décadas. Para isso, utiliza o Enfoque de Análise de Políticas (EAn, que não exige apenas a comparação entre os objetivos da política e os resultados logrados com sua implementação. Ele busca explicar as falhas na consecução dos objetivos a partir do exame do seu momento de formulação. Isto é, do processo decisório e dos projetos políticos e dos modelos cognitivos dos atores com ela envolvidos. A análise realizada aponta que após três décadas do início dessa Política Pública os seus resultados têm sido bastante modestos. A explicação disso pode estar no fato dela ter sido uma emulação de experiências similares ocorridas em países de capitalismo avançado por iniciativa de integrantes da comunidade de pesquisa nacional.

Intermittent ephemeral river-breaching

Science.gov (United States)

Reniers, A. J.; MacMahan, J. H.; Gallagher, E. L.; Shanks, A.; Morgan, S.; Jarvis, M.; Thornton, E. B.; Brown, J.; Fujimura, A.

2012-12-01

In the summer of 2011 we performed a field experiment in Carmel River State Beach, CA, at a time when the intermittent natural breaching of the ephemeral Carmel River occurred due to an unusually rainy period prior to the experiment associated with El Nino. At this time the river would fill the lagoon over the period of a number of days after which a breach would occur. This allowed us to document a number of breaches with unique pre- and post-breach topographic surveys, accompanying ocean and lagoon water elevations as well as extremely high flow (4m/s) velocities in the river mouth during the breaching event. The topographic surveys were obtained with a GPS-equipped backpack mounted on a walking human and show the evolution of the river breaching with a gradually widening and deepening river channel that cuts through the pre-existing beach and berm. The beach face is qualified as a steep with an average beach slope of 1:10 with significant reflection of the incident waves (MacMahan et al., 2012). The wave directions are generally shore normal as the waves refract over the deep canyon that is located offshore of the beach. The tide is mixed semi-diurnal with a range on the order of one meter. Breaching typically occurred during the low-low tide. Grain size is highly variable along the beach with layers of alternating fine and coarse material that could clearly be observed as the river exit channel was cutting through the beach. Large rocky outcroppings buried under the beach sand are also present along certain stretches of the beach controlling the depth of the breaching channel. The changes in the water level measured within the lagoon and the ocean side allows for an estimate of the volume flux associated with the breach as function of morphology, tidal elevation and wave conditions as well as an assessment of the conditions and mechanisms of breach closure, which occurred on the time scale of O(0.5 days). Exploratory model simulations will be presented at the

Multi-tracer investigation of river and groundwater interactions: a case study in Nalenggele River basin, northwest China

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Wei; Su, Xiaosi; Dai, Zhenxue; Yang, Fengtian; Zhu, Pucheng; Huang, Yong

2017-11-01

Environmental tracers (such as major ions, stable and radiogenic isotopes, and heat) monitored in natural waters provide valuable information for understanding the processes of river-groundwater interactions in arid areas. An integrated framework is presented for interpreting multi-tracer data (major ions, stable isotopes (2H, 18O), the radioactive isotope 222Rn, and heat) for delineating the river-groundwater interactions in Nalenggele River basin, northwest China. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were undertaken to estimate the bidirectional water exchange associated with small-scale interactions between groundwater and surface water. Along the river stretch, groundwater and river water exchange readily. From the high mountain zone to the alluvial fan, groundwater discharge to the river is detected by tracer methods and end-member mixing models, but the river has also been identified as a losing river using discharge measurements, i.e. discharge is bidirectional. On the delta-front of the alluvial fan and in the alluvial plain, in the downstream area, the characteristics of total dissolved solids values, 222Rn concentrations and δ18O values in the surface water, and patterns derived from a heat-tracing method, indicate that groundwater discharges into the river. With the environmental tracers, the processes of river-groundwater interaction have been identified in detail for better understanding of overall hydrogeological processes and of the impacts on water allocation policies.

Suitability Evaluation of River Bank Filtration along the Second Songhua River, China

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lixue Wang

2016-04-01

Full Text Available The Second Songhua River is the biggest river system in Jilin Province, China. In recent years, the rapid economic development in this area has increased the prominence of water resources and water-related environmental problems; these include surface water pollution and the overexploitation of groundwater resources. Bank infiltration on the floodplains of the Second Songhua River is an important process of groundwater-surface water exchange under exploitation conditions. Understanding this process can help in the development of water resource management plans and strategies for the region. In this research, a multi-criteria evaluation index system was developed with which to evaluate the suitability of bank filtration along the Second Songhua River. The system was comprised of main suitability indexes for water quantity, water quality, the interaction intensity between surface water and groundwater, and the exploitation condition of groundwater resources. The index system was integrated into GIS (Geographic Information System to complete the evaluation of the various indicators. According to the weighted sum of each index, the suitability of river bank filtration (RBF in the study area was divided into five grades. Although the evaluation index system and evaluation method are applicable only to the Second Songhua River basin, the underlying principle and techniques it embodies can be applied elsewhere. For future generalization of the evaluation index system, the specific evaluation index and its scoring criteria should be modified appropriately based on local conditions.

78 FR 36658 - Safety Zone; Delaware River Waterfront Corp. Fireworks Display, Delaware River; Camden, NJ

Science.gov (United States)

2013-06-19

... portion of the Delaware River from operating while a fireworks event is taking place. This temporary...-AA00 Safety Zone; Delaware River Waterfront Corp. Fireworks Display, Delaware River; Camden, NJ AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary...

Hydrology of the Po River: looking for changing patterns in river discharge

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Montanari

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Scientists and public administrators are devoting increasing attention to the Po River, in Italy, in view of concerns related to the impact of increasing urbanisation and exploitation of water resources. A better understanding of the hydrological regime of the river is necessary to improve water resources management and flood protection. In particular, the analysis of the effects of hydrological and climatic change is crucial for planning sustainable development and economic growth. An extremely interesting issue is to inspect to what extent river flows can be naturally affected by the occurrence of long periods of water abundance or scarcity, which can be erroneously interpreted as irreversible changes due to human impact. In fact, drought and flood periods alternatively occurred in the recent past in the form of long-term fluctuations. This paper presents advanced graphical and analytical methods to gain a better understanding of the temporal distribution of the Po River discharge. In particular, we present an analysis of river flow variability and persistence properties, to gain a better understanding of natural patterns, and in particular long-term changes, which may affect the future flood risk and availability of water resources.

Hydrology of the Po River: looking for changing patterns in river discharge

Science.gov (United States)

Montanari, A.

2012-05-01

Scientists and public administrators are devoting increasing attention to the Po River, in Italy, in view of concerns related to the impact of increasing urbanisation and exploitation of water resources. A better understanding of the hydrological regime of the river is necessary to improve water resources management and flood protection. In particular, the analysis of the effects of hydrological and climatic change is crucial for planning sustainable development and economic growth. An extremely interesting issue is to inspect to what extent river flows can be naturally affected by the occurrence of long periods of water abundance or scarcity, which can be erroneously interpreted as irreversible changes due to human impact. In fact, drought and flood periods alternatively occurred in the recent past in the form of long term cycles. This paper presents advanced graphical and analytical methods to gain a better understanding of the temporal distribution of the Po River discharge. In particular, we present an analysis of river flow variability and memory properties to better understand natural patterns and in particular long term changes, which may affect the future flood risk and availability of water resources.

Designing the RiverCare knowledge base and web-collaborative platform to exchange knowledge in river management

Science.gov (United States)

Cortes Arevalo, Juliette; den Haan, Robert-Jan; van der Voort, Mascha; Hulscher, Suzanne

2016-04-01

Effective communication strategies are necessary between different scientific disciplines, practitioners and non-experts for a shared understanding and better implementation of river management measures. In that context, the RiverCare program aims to get a better understanding of riverine measures that are being implemented towards self-sustaining multifunctional rivers in the Netherlands. During the RiverCare program, user committees are organized between the researchers and practitioners to discuss the aim and value of RiverCare outputs, related assumptions and uncertainties behind scientific results. Beyond the RiverCare program end, knowledge about river interventions, integrated effects, management and self-sustaining applications will be available to experts and non-experts by means of River Care communication tools: A web-collaborative platform and a serious gaming environment. As part of the communication project of RiverCare, we are designing the RiverCare web-collaborative platform and the knowledge-base behind that platform. We aim at promoting collaborative efforts and knowledge exchange in river management. However, knowledge exchange does not magically happen. Consultation and discussion of RiverCare outputs as well as elicitation of perspectives and preferences from different actors about the effects of riverine measures has to be facilitated. During the RiverCare research activities, the platform will support the user committees or collaborative sessions that are regularly held with the organizations directly benefiting from our research, at project level or in study areas. The design process of the collaborative platform follows an user centred approach to identify user requirements, co-create a conceptual design and iterative develop and evaluate prototypes of the platform. The envisioned web-collaborative platform opens with an explanation and visualisation of the RiverCare outputs that are available in the knowledge base. Collaborative sessions

The Amazon, measuring a mighty river

Science.gov (United States)

,

1967-01-01

The Amazon, the world's largest river, discharges enough water into the sea each day to provide fresh water to the City of New York for over 9 years. Its flow accounts for about 15 percent of all the fresh water discharged into the oceans by all the rivers of the world. By comparison, the Amazon's flow is over 4 times that of the Congo River, the world's second largest river. And it is 10 times that of the Mississippi, the largest river on the North American Continent.

The social connectivity of urban rivers

Science.gov (United States)

Kondolf, G. Mathias; Pinto, Pedro J.

2017-01-01

By social connectivity we refer to the communication and movement of people, goods, ideas, and culture along and across rivers, recognizing longitudinal, lateral, and vertical connectivity, much as has been described for other rivers for hydrology and ecology. We focus on rivers as they pass through cities, and the relationships between these rivers and city dwellers. Historically, the most important longitudinal connectivity function of rivers was their role as major transport routes and the simplification of formerly complex, irregular banks and beds, into straight, uniform shipping channels has resulted in a loss of lateral and vertical connectivity, notably the quotidian uses such as fishing, washing clothes, water supply, swimming and other recreation. The scale of the river itself, and its scale in comparison to the scale of the city, largely determine the river's social function and the degree to which it influences city form. River width affects the perception of 'closeness' of the other bank, ease of bridging the river, influence of the river on the city's street pattern, and type of waterfront uses that occur. Up to 15 m wide, people can converse, whereas across rivers 50 to 200 m wide, people are not recognizable but still clearly visible, instilling the banks with a 'lively' atmosphere. At widths over 200 m, people blur, yet moving vehicles and trees branches shaking in wind may still provide some dynamic elements to an otherwise static landscape composed of building facades. In exceptionally wide rivers, the city on the opposite bank is little more than a skyline, which often becomes a signature and symbol of regional identity. In contemplating how people use rivers, we can define a range of human activities in relation to height above the water (i.e., instream to banktop), a vertical dimension of human connectivity with rivers. Many uses occur on the top of the bank, such as quiet contemplation, walking, or cycling along a riverside trail, while

Comparative analysis of the shape of the perch from Techa river and Miass river

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Osipov, D.; Pryakhin, E. [Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine - URCRM (Russian Federation); Rudolfsen, G. [Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority (NRPA) and University of Tromsoe (Norway); Yegoreichenkov, E. [Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine (Russian Federation)

2014-07-01

The adaptation to environmental conditions can be accompanied by morphological changes. Description of morphological differences in animal populations could reveal differences habitat, both abiotic and biotic factors. In our study we examined if fish habituating river with different activity concentration of radionuclides differ in geometric morphometry. Geometric morphometry makes it possible to identify morphological differences between objects on the basis of the form, without influence of the 'size factor'. The approach is based on a multivariate analysis of the coordinates of marks, placed on the surface of the morphological object in accordance with certain rules. We used perch (Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758) as a study species as it is a common, and widespread species of freshwater fish in moderate and subarctic latitudes of Eurasia and North America. Perch is characterized by high flexibility of morphology in relation to environmental differences. We investigated body shape and its changes with the growth in perch that live in Techa River under chronic radiation exposure and perch in the control river Miass. The alignment of digital image tags that characterize the shape of the fish's body, was implemented in the program TPSdig. Further analysis was performed using the package geomorph for R statistical software. The study showed statistically significant (F{sub 1,95}=12.69, p=0.01) differences in body shape of perch from Techa river and Miass river. Perch living in the Techa River are relatively shorter and higher. Further, perch in Techa is characterized by a smaller size of the eyes. For both populations the contribution of allometric component to shape change was observed: smaller animals have a shape similar to the Miass river perch population. With increase of body size, shape of the perch becomes similar to that of the Techa's perch population. Significant differences were observed only for young animals from the two rivers

Naturalness and Place in River Rehabilitation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kirstie Fryirs

2009-06-01

Full Text Available An authentic approach to river rehabilitation emphasizes concerns for the natural values of a given place. As landscape considerations fashion the physical template upon which biotic associations take place, various geomorphic issues must be addressed in framing rehabilitation activities that strive to improve river health. An open-ended approach to river classification promotes applications that appreciate the values of a given river, rather than pigeonholing reality. As the geomorphic structure of some rivers is naturally simple, promoting heterogeneity as a basis for management may not always be appropriate. Efforts to protect unique attributes of river systems must be balanced with procedures that look after common features. Concerns for ecosystem functionality must relate to the behavioral regime of a given river, remembering that some rivers are inherently sensitive to disturbance. Responses to human disturbance must be viewed in relation to natural variability, recognizing how spatial relationships in a catchment, and responses to past disturbances, fashion the operation of contemporary fluxes. These fluxes, in turn, influence what is achievable in the rehabilitation of a given reach. Given the inherently adjusting and evolutionary nature of river systems, notional endpoints do not provide an appropriate basis upon which to promote concepts of naturalness and place in the rehabilitation process. These themes are drawn together to promote rehabilitation practices that relate to the natural values of each river system, in preference to applications of "cookbook" measures that build upon textbook geomorphology.

The Missing Link: the Role of Floodplain Tie Channels in Connecting Off River Water Bodies to Lowland Rivers

Science.gov (United States)

Rowland, J. C.; Dietrich, W. E.; Day, G.

2005-05-01

Along lowland river systems across the globe the exchange of water, sediment, carbon, nutrients and biota between main stem rivers and off-river water bodies (ORWB) is facilitated by the presence of stable secondary channels referred to here as tie channels. Sixty five percent of the ORWB along the middle Fly River in Papua New Guinea connect to the river through such channels. A similar percentage of the 37 ORWB located between Baton Rouge and Memphis on the lower Mississippi River at one time were linked to the river by tie or batture (as they are locally known) channels. Levee construction and other alterations aimed at flood control or navigation on the Mississippi have left only a handful of lakes connected to the river, of these, most are heavily altered by dredging or other modifications. Tie channels were also once common along major tributaries to the Mississippi, such as the Red River. In the much less disturbed Alaskan environment, tie channels are still common, especially along Birch Creek and the Koyukuk and Black rivers. Our studies on the Mississippi River, in Alaska and in Papua New Guinea indicate that tie channels possess a common channel form that is stable and self-maintaining for hundreds to possibly a thousand years. Tie channels exhibit narrow width to depth ratios (~ 5.5) and consistently scale in cross-sectional dimensions to the size of the lake into which they flow. Variations in river and lake stage drive flow bi-directionally through tie channels. A local high or sill in the bed of tie channels controls the degree and duration of connection between the river and ORWB, with many lakes becoming isolated during periods of low stage. The life-span of a tie channel depends on the rate of sediment loading to the ORWB. Our research indicates that this rate directly corresponds to the sediment loading in the main stem river. Along the Fly River, for example, a 5 to 7 fold increase in the river sediment load has resulted increases of 6 to 17

Sensitivity of Coastal Environments and Wildlife to Spilled Oil: Hudson River: RVRMILES (River Mile Marker Lines)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This data set contains human-use resource data for river miles along the Hudson River. Vector lines in this data set represent river mile markers. This data set...

Priority River Metrics for Urban Residents of the Santa Cruz River Watershed

Science.gov (United States)

Indicator selection is a persistent question in river and stream assessment and management. We employ qualitative research techniques to identify features of rivers and streams important to urban residents recruited from the general public in the Santa Cruz watershed. Interviews ...

33 CFR 162.90 - White River, Arkansas Post Canal, Arkansas River, and Verdigris River between Mississippi River...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... go adrift. Immediately after completion of the emergency mooring, the lockmaster of the first lock... of approach to unattended, normally open automatic, movable span bridges, the factor of river flow...

Transport of plutonium by the Mississippi River system and other rivers in the southern United States

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Scott, M.R.; Salter, P.F.

1987-01-01

The distribution of fallout Pu has been studied in the sediments and water of the Mississippi River and eight other rivers. Plutonium content of the sediments is related to grain size and Fe and Mn content. Rivers in human climates show relatively high organic carbon (3 to 4%) and high /sup 239,240)Pu content (36 to 131 dpm/kg) in their suspended sediments. Dissolved Pu is very low in all the rivers; distribution coefficients vary from 10 4 to 10 5 . The 238 Pu//sup 239,240/Pu ratios are low in all the river sediments (∼.06) except the Miami River in Ohio, where ratios as high as 99 were measured. The high ratios originate from the Mound Laboratory Pu processing plant at Miamisburg, Ohio, and can be traced downstream to the junction with the Ohio River. Mississippi River suspended sediment shows a continual decrease of /sup 239,240/Pu content over a 7 year time period. An exponential curve best-fit through the data predicts a half time of decrease equal to 4.3 years. The decrease in Pu content of river sediment results from several factors: cessation of atmospheric weapons testing; transport of Pu to deeper levels of soil profiles; storage of sediment in flood plains and behind dams; and dilution by erosion by older, prebomb soil material. The amount of fallout Pu now removed from the Mississippi River drainage basin to the ocean is 11% as a maximum estimate. Most the fallout Pu in the Mississippi drainage basin will remain on the continent unless there are major changes in erosion and sediment transport patterns in the basin itself. 56 references, 7 figures, 2 tables

Range extension of Moenkhausia oligolepis (Günther,1864 to the Pindaré river drainage, of Mearim river basin, and Itapecuru river basin of northeastern Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Erick Cristofore Guimarães

2016-08-01

Full Text Available The present study reports range extansion of Moenkhausia oligolepis to the Pindaré river drainage, of the Mearim river basin, and Itapecuru river basin, Maranhão state, northeastern Brazil. This species was previously known only from Venezuela, Guianas, and the Amazon River basins. In addition, we present some meristic and morphometric data of the specimens herein examined and discuss on its diagnostic characters.

Syntectonic Mississippi River Channel Response: Integrating River Morphology and Seismic Imaging to Detect Active Faults

Science.gov (United States)

Magnani, M. B.

2017-12-01

Alluvial rivers, even great rivers such as the Mississippi, respond to hydrologic and geologic controls. Temporal variations of valley gradient can significantly alter channel morphology, as the river responds syntectonically to attain equilibrium. The river will alter its sinuosity, in an attempt to maintain a constant gradient on a surface that changes slope through time. Therefore, changes of river pattern can be the first clue that active tectonics is affecting an area of pattern change. Here I present geomorphological and seismic imaging evidence of a previously unknown fault crossing the Mississippi river south of the New Madrid seismic zone, between Caruthersville, Missouri and Osceola, Arkansas, and show that both datasets support Holocene fault movement, with the latest slip occurring in the last 200 years. High resolution marine seismic reflection data acquired along the Mississippi river imaged a NW-SE striking north-dipping fault displacing the base of the Quaternary alluvium by 15 m with reverse sense of movement. The fault consistently deforms the Tertiary, Cretaceous and Paleozoic formations. Historical river channel planforms dating back to 1765 reveal that the section of the river channel across the fault has been characterized by high sinuosity and steep projected-channel slope compared to adjacent river reaches. In particular, the reach across the fault experienced a cutoff in 1821, resulting in a temporary lowering of sinuosity followed by an increase between the survey of 1880 and 1915. Under the assumption that the change in sinuosity reflects river response to a valley slope change to maintain constant gradient, I use sinuosity through time to calculate the change in valley slope since 1880 and therefore to estimate the vertical displacement of the imaged fault in the past 200 years. Based on calculations so performed, the vertical offset of the fault is estimated to be 0.4 m, accrued since at least 1880. If the base of the river alluvium

Alligator Rivers Region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1992-01-01

An introduction to the Alligator Rivers Region is presented. It contains general information regarding the physiography, climate, hydrology and mining of the region. The Alligator Rivers Region is within an ancient basin, the Pine Creek Geosyncline, which has an area of approximately 66000 km 2 . The Geosyncline has a history of mineral exploitation dating back to 1865, during which time 16 metals have been extracted (silver, arsenic, gold, bismuth, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, lead, tin, tantalum, uranium, tungsten, zinc). Uranium exploration in the Pine Creek Geosyncline was stimulated by the discovery in 1949 of secondary uranium mineralisation near Rum June, 70 km south-east of Darwin. This was followed by a decade of intense exploration activity resulting in the discoveries of economic uranium ore bodies at Rum Jungle and in the upper reaches of the South Alligator River Valley. All the known major uranium deposits of the East Alligator River uranium field have been discovered since 1969. The present known resources of the Geosyncline are approximately 360 000 tonnes of contained U 3 O 8 . 2 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab

Field intercomparison of channel master ADCP with RiverSonde Radar for measuring river discharge

Science.gov (United States)

Spain, P.; Marsden, R.; Barrick, D.; Teague, C.; Ruhl, C.

2005-01-01

The RiverSonde radar makes non-contact measurement of a horizontal swath of surface velocity across a river section. This radar, which has worked successfully at several rivers in the Western USA, has shown encouraging correlation with simultaneous measurements of average currents at one level recorded by an acoustic travel-time system. This work reports a field study intercomparing data sets from a 600 kHz Channel Master ADCP with the RiverSonde radar. The primary goal was to begin to explore the robustness of the radar data as a reliable index of discharge. This site Is at Three Mile Slough in Northern California, USA. The larger intent of the work is to examine variability in space and time of the radar's surface currents compared with subsurface flows across the river section. Here we examine data from a couple of periods with strong winds. ?? 2005 IEEE.

PCB concentrations in Pere Marquette River and Muskegon River watersheds, 2002

Science.gov (United States)

Fogarty, Lisa R.

2005-01-01

the child. Rule 323.1057 (Toxic Substances) of the Part 4. Water Quality Standards gives procedure for calculating water-quality values to protect human, wildlife and aquatic life. For total PCB, the applicable Rule 57 water-quality value is the human cancer value (HCV=0.26 ng/L),In 2002, U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) cooperatively planned and executed a monitoring program for PCBs in water and sediment from the Pere Marquette River and Muskegon River watersheds. The Pere Marquette and Muskegon River are in the west central part of Michigan's Lower Peninsula (fig. 1). The Pere Marquette River watershed is about 750 square miles, and the Muskegon River is about 2700 square miles. Both rivers are popular recreational waters, and the Pere Marquette River is a Michigan designated Natural River (Part 305 of the Natural Rivers and Environmental Protection Act 451 of 1994).

The modulation of enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase from dendritic cells for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus

OpenAIRE

Abram, D?bora Moitinho; Fernandes, Luis Gustavo Romani; Ramos Filho, Ant?nio Celso Saragossa; Simioni, Patr?cia Ucelli

2017-01-01

Débora Moitinho Abram,1 Luis Gustavo Romani Fernandes,1,2 Antônio Celso Saragossa Ramos Filho,2 Patrícia Ucelli Simioni2–4 1Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil; 2Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Americana, Americana, SP, Brazil; 3Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (...

Modeling of Flood Mitigation Structures for Sarawak River Sub-basin Using Info Works River Simulation (RS)

OpenAIRE

Rosmina Bustami; Charles Bong; Darrien Mah; Afnie Hamzah; Marina Patrick

2009-01-01

The distressing flood scenarios that occur in recent years at the surrounding areas of Sarawak River have left damages of properties and indirectly caused disruptions of productive activities. This study is meant to reconstruct a 100-year flood event that took place in this river basin. Sarawak River Subbasin was chosen and modeled using the one-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling approach using InfoWorks River Simulation (RS), in combination with Geographical Information S...

Efeito de níveis de água, coberturas do solo e condições ambientais na temperatura do solo e no cultivo de morangueiro em ambiente protegido e a céu aberto

OpenAIRE

Pires,Regina C. de M.; Folegatti,Marcos V.; Pedro Júnior,Mário J.; Sakai,Emílio; Passos,Francisco A.; Arruda,Flávio B.; Calheiros,Rinaldo de O.

2004-01-01

A temperatura do solo é um importante parâmetro no cultivo do morangueiro, pois interfere no desenvolvimento vegetativo, na sanidade e na produção. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de água, coberturas de canteiro em campo aberto e em ambiente protegido, na temperatura máxima do solo no cultivo do morangueiro. Foram realizados dois experimentos: um em cultivo protegido e outro a campo aberto, em Atibaia - SP, em esquema fatorial 2 x 3 (coberturas do sol...

Efeito de níveis de água, coberturas do solo e condições ambientais na temperatura do solo e no cultivo de morangueiro em ambiente protegido e a céu aberto Effect of water levels, soil covers and enviroment in maximum soil temperature in strawberry crop in field and greenhouse

OpenAIRE

Regina C. de M. Pires; Marcos V. Folegatti; Mário J. Pedro Júnior; Emílio Sakai; Francisco A. Passos; Flávio B. Arruda; Rinaldo de O. Calheiros

2004-01-01

A temperatura do solo é um importante parâmetro no cultivo do morangueiro, pois interfere no desenvolvimento vegetativo, na sanidade e na produção. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de água, coberturas de canteiro em campo aberto e em ambiente protegido, na temperatura máxima do solo no cultivo do morangueiro. Foram realizados dois experimentos: um em cultivo protegido e outro a campo aberto, em Atibaia - SP, em esquema fatorial 2 x 3 (coberturas do sol...

Efeito de substrato artificial no enraizamento de estacas de calanchoe (Kalanchoe x blossfeldiana cv. singapur, crassulaceae) Artificial substract effect on the rooting of calanchoe (Kalanchoe x blossfeldiana cv. singapur, crassulaceae) cuttings

OpenAIRE

A.L. Gonçalves; K. Minami

1994-01-01

Dez misturas artificiais foram estudadas para avaliar o efeito sobre o enraizamento de estacas apicais de Kalanchoe x blossfeldiana cv. Singapur, da família Crassulaceae. Essas misturas foram as seguintes: vermiculita + casca de arroz tostada nas proporções 1:1, 2:1 e 3:1; vermiculita + torta de filtro Oliver nas proporções 1:1, 2:1 e 3:1; vermiculita + turfa da região de Atibaia-SP, nas proporções 1:l, 2:le3:l; vermiculita + casca de pinheiro (mistura comercial). Os melhores resultados foram...

Evaluation of Environmental Flows in Rivers Using Hydrological Methods (Case study: The Barandozchi River- Urmia Lake Basin

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S. Mostafavi

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction Development of water resources projects are accompanied by several environmental impacts, among them, the changes in the natural flow regime and the reduction of downstream water flows. With respect to the water shortages and non-uniform distribution of rainfall, sustainable management of water resources would be inevitable. In order to prevent negative effects on long-term river ecosystems, it is necessary to preserve the ecological requirements of the river systems. The assessment of environmental flow requirements in a river ecosystem is a challenging practice all over the world, and in particular, in developing countries such as Iran. Environmental requirements of rivers are often defined as a suite of flow discharges of certain magnitude, timing, frequency and duration. These flows ensure a flow regime capable of sustaining a complex set of aquatic habitats and ecosystem processes and are referred to as "environmental flows". There are several methods for determining environmental flows. The majority of these methods can be grouped into four reasonably distinct categories, namely as: hydrological, hydraulic rating, habitat simulation (or rating, and holistic methodologies. However, the current knowledge of river ecology and existing data on the needs of aquatic habitats for water quantity and quality is very limited. It is considered that there is no unique and universal method to adapt to different rivers and/or different reaches in a river. The main aim of the present study was to provide with a framework to determine environmental flow requirements of a typical perennial river using eco-hydrological methods. The Barandozchi River was selected as an important water body in the Urmia Lake Basin, Iran. The preservation of the river lives, the restoration of the internationally recognized Urmia Lake, and the elimination of negative impact from the construction of the Barandoz dam on this river were the main concerns in this

Floodplain methylmercury biomagnification factor higher than that of the contiguous river (South River, Virginia USA)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Newman, Michael C., E-mail: newman@vims.edu [College of William and Mary - VIMS, P.O. Box 1346, Rt. 1208 Greate Rd., Gloucester Point, VA 23062 (United States); Xu Xiaoyu, E-mail: xiaoyu@vims.edu [College of William and Mary - VIMS, P.O. Box 1346, Rt. 1208 Greate Rd., Gloucester Point, VA 23062 (United States); Condon, Anne, E-mail: anne_condon@fws.gov [U.S. Fish and Wildlife, 6669 Short Lane, Gloucester, VA 23061 (United States); Liang Lian, E-mail: liang@cebam.net [Cebam Analytical, Inc., 18804 North Creek Parkway, Suite 110, Bothell, WA 98011 (United States)

2011-10-15

Mercury biomagnification on the South River floodplain (Virginia, USA) was modeled at two locations along a river reach previously modeled for methylmercury movement through the aquatic trophic web. This provided an opportunity to compare biomagnification in adjoining trophic webs. Like the aquatic modeling results, methylmercury-based models provided better prediction than those for total mercury. Total mercury Food Web Magnification Factors (FWMF, fold per trophic level) for the two locations were 4.9 and 9.5. Methylmercury FWMF for the floodplain locations were higher (9.3 and 25.1) than that of the adjacent river (4.6). Previous speculation was not resolved regarding whether the high mercury concentrations observed in floodplain birds was materially influenced by river prey consumption by riparian spiders and subsequent spider movement into the trophic web of the adjacent floodplains. Results were consistent with a gradual methylmercury concentration increase from contaminated floodplain soil, to arthropod prey, and finally, to avian predators. - Highlights: > First comparison of methylmercury biomagnification in adjacent river/land food webs. > Methylmercury increased more rapidly in the terrestrial, than the aquatic, food web. > Methylmercury increased gradually from soil, to prey, and, to avian predators. - Higher methylmercury biomagnification on South River floodplain than the associated river likely explain high mercury in floodplain birds.

Allegheny County Major Rivers

Data.gov (United States)

Allegheny County / City of Pittsburgh / Western PA Regional Data Center — This dataset contains locations of major rivers that flow through Allegheny County. These shapes have been taken from the Hydrology dataset. The Ohio River,...

Towards improved instrumentation for assessing river-groundwater interactions in a restored river corridor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

P. Schneider

2011-08-01

Full Text Available River restoration projects have been launched over the last two decades to improve the ecological status and water quality of regulated rivers. As most restored rivers are not monitored at all, it is difficult to predict consequences of restoration projects or analyze why restorations fail or are successful. It is thus necessary to implement efficient field assessment strategies, for example by employing sensor networks that continuously measure physical parameters at high spatial and temporal resolution. This paper focuses on the design and implementation of an instrumentation strategy for monitoring changes in bank filtration, hydrological connectivity, groundwater travel time and quality due to river restoration. We specifically designed and instrumented a network of monitoring wells at the Thur River (NE Switzerland, which is partly restored and has been mainly channelized for more than 100 years. Our results show that bank filtration – especially in a restored section with alternating riverbed morphology – is variable in time and space. Consequently, our monitoring network has been adapted in response to that variability. Although not available at our test site, we consider long-term measurements – ideally initiated before and continued after restoration – as a fundamental step towards predicting consequences of river restoration for groundwater quality. As a result, process-based models could be adapted and evaluated using these types of high-resolution data sets.

River monitoring from satellite radar altimetry in the Zambezi River basin

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. I. Michailovsky

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Satellite radar altimetry can be used to monitor surface water levels from space. While current and past altimetry missions were designed to study oceans, retracking the waveforms returned over land allows data to be retrieved for smaller water bodies or narrow rivers. The objective of this study is the assessment of the potential for river monitoring from radar altimetry in terms of water level and discharge in the Zambezi River basin. Retracked Envisat altimetry data were extracted over the Zambezi River basin using a detailed river mask based on Landsat imagery. This allowed for stage measurements to be obtained for rivers down to 80 m wide with an RMSE relative to in situ levels of 0.32 to 0.72 m at different locations. The altimetric levels were then converted to discharge using three different methods adapted to different data-availability scenarios: first with an in situ rating curve available, secondly with one simultaneous field measurement of cross-section and discharge, and finally with only historical discharge data available. For the two locations at which all three methods could be applied, the accuracies of the different methods were found to be comparable, with RMSE values ranging from 4.1 to 6.5% of the mean annual in situ gauged amplitude for the first method and from 6.9 to 13.8% for the second and third methods. The precision obtained with the different methods was analyzed by running Monte Carlo simulations and also showed comparable values for the three approaches with standard deviations found between 5.7 and 7.2% of the mean annual in situ gauged amplitude for the first method and from 8.7 to 13.0% for the second and third methods.

Geomorphic and vegetation changes in a meandering dryland river regulated by a large dam, Sauce Grande River, Argentina

Science.gov (United States)

Casado, Ana; Peiry, Jean-Luc; Campo, Alicia M.

2016-09-01

This paper investigates post-dam geomorphic and vegetation changes in the Sauce Grande River, a meandering dryland river impounded by a large water-conservation dam. As the dam impounds a river section with scarce influence of tributaries, sources for fresh water and sediment downstream are limited. Changes were inspected based on (i) analysis of historical photographs/imagery spanning pre- (1961) and post-dam (1981, 2004) channel conditions for two river segments located above and below the dam, and (ii) field survey of present channel conditions for a set of eight reference reaches along the river segments. Whilst the unregulated river exhibited active lateral migration with consequent adjustments of the channel shape and size, the river section below the dam was characterized by (i) marked planform stability (93 to 97%), and by (ii) vegetation encroachment leading to alternating yet localized contraction of the channel width (up to 30%). The present river displays a moribund, stable channel where (i) redistribution of sediment along the river course no longer occurs and (ii) channel forms constitute a remnant of a fluvial environment created before closing the dam, under conditions of higher energy. In addition to providing new information on the complex geomorphic response of dryland rivers to impoundment, this paper represents the very first geomorphic assessment of the regulated Sauce Grande and therefore provides an important platform to underpin further research assessing the geomorphic state of this highly regulated dryland river.

Application of MIKE21 Software in Flood Routing of Tidal Rivers: A Case Study of the Zohre River

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ali Karami Khaniki

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Flood routing is of special importance from different aspects of river engineering such as flood zoning, flood forecasting, etc. There are two methods employed in river flood routing, hydraulic and hydrological. Hydrological methods are used when the river is at low tide and, hence, cannot be employed to analyze floods caused by the tide. Hydraulic methods must be employed in tidal rivers when the direction of the current reverses at high tide. In this research,MIKE21 modeling software was used for the flood routing of the Zohreh tidal river. The model was calibrated by surveying the river, taking samples form the river bed, measuring sea water level and the velocity of the river flow. Analyzing the sensitivity of the model showed that the coefficient of determination, root mean square error and relative error were 0.95, 0.032, and 0.27, respectively, all indicating the efficacy of the model in simulating different parameters such as velocity, flow rate, and water surface profile. The flood routing results of the tidal currents showed that the hydrograph of the influent and effluent to the reach at high tide (when the current direction is from sea to the river was similar to the normal flood routing of the river, but at low tide (when the current direction is from the sea to the river influent and effluent hydrograph would not follow the laws of normal flood routing.

Large Dam Effects on Flow Regime and Hydraulic Parameters of river (Case study: Karkheh River, Downstream of Reservoir Dam

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Farhang Azarang

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Introduction: The critical role of the rivers in supplying water for various needs of life has led to engineering identification of the hydraulic regime and flow condition of the rivers. Hydraulic structures such dams have inevitable effects on their downstream that should be well investigated. The reservoir dams are the most important hydraulic structures which are the cause of great changes in river flow conditions. Materials and Methods: In this research, an accurate assessment was performed to study the flow regime of Karkheh river at downstream of Karkheh Reservoir Dam as the largest dam in Middle East. Karkheh River is the third waterful river of Iran after Karun and Dez and the third longest river after the Karun and Sefidrud. The Karkheh Dam is a large reservoir dam built in Iran on the Karkheh River in 2000. The Karkheh Reservoir Dam is on the Karkheh River in the Northwestern Khouzestan Province, the closest city being Andimeshk to the east. The part of Karkheh River, which was studied in this research is located at downstream of Karkheh Reservoir Dam. This interval is approximately 94 km, which is located between PayePol and Abdolkhan hydrometric stations. In this research, 138 cross sections were used along Karkheh River. Distance of cross sections from each other was 680m in average. The efficient model of HEC-RAS has been utilized to simulate the Karkheh flow conditions before and after the reservoir dam construction using of hydrometric stations data included annually and monthly mean discharges, instantaneous maximum discharges, water surface profiles and etc. Three defined discharges had been chosen to simulate the Karkheh River flow; maximum defined discharge, mean defined discharge and minimum defined discharge. For each of these discharges values, HEC-RAS model was implemented as a steady flow of the Karkheh River at river reach of study. Water surface profiles of flow, hydraulic parameters and other results of flow regime in

76 FR 24914 - Digital River Education Services, Inc., a Division of Digital River, Inc., Including Workers...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-05-03

... Digital River Education Services acquired Journey Education Marketing (JEM) in August 2010. Some workers... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Employment and Training Administration [TA-W-74,975] Digital River Education Services, Inc., a Division of Digital River, Inc., Including Workers Whose Unemployment Insurance (UI...

Bank retreat study of a meandering river reach case study : River Irwell

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Duran, R.; Beevers, L.; Crosato, A.; Wright, N.

2010-01-01

Lack of data is often considered a limitation when undertaking morphological studies. This research deals with morphological studies of small rivers experiencing bank erosion processes when only limited data are available. A reach of the meandering gravel-bed river Irwell (United Kingdom) is taken

FLOOD MODELING OF THE VUKA RIVER SECTION UPSTREAM OF ITS CONFLUENCE WITH THE DANUBE RIVER

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dario Marić

2016-12-01

Full Text Available In this paper, a section of the Vuka River from its confluence with the Danube River in Vukovar to 3 + 630 rkm was modeled. The possibility and size of floods in the surrounding area were analyzed for different return periods (2, 5, 10, 50, and 100 yrs. Although the high-water levels of the Danube River are lower than the terrain elevation of Vukovar, they cause backwater in the Vuka River and in its tributary, the Bobotski canal. In that indirect way, the surrounding area is endangered and the efficiency of drainage systems is reduced. The existing riverbed of the analyzed Vuka River section was digitalized based on a digital terrain model using the geographic information system (GIS software ArcGIS and the HEC-GeoRAS toolbar. A mathematical model of the steady-state flow of the Vuka river section using the digitized riverbed was executed in the HEC-RAS software using different return periods. The obtained velocities and water levels were analyzed using HEC-RAS, and the sizes of the flooded areas were calculated and observed in ArcGIS.

Morphological, hydrological, biogeochemical and ecological changes and challenges in river restoration - the Thur River case study

Science.gov (United States)

Schirmer, M.; Luster, J.; Linde, N.; Perona, P.; Mitchell, E. A. D.; Barry, D. A.; Hollender, J.; Cirpka, O. A.; Schneider, P.; Vogt, T.; Radny, D.; Durisch-Kaiser, E.

2014-06-01

River restoration can enhance river dynamics, environmental heterogeneity and biodiversity, but the underlying processes governing the dynamic changes need to be understood to ensure that restoration projects meet their goals, and adverse effects are prevented. In particular, we need to comprehend how hydromorphological variability quantitatively relates to ecosystem functioning and services, biodiversity as well as ground- and surface water quality in restored river corridors. This involves (i) physical processes and structural properties, determining erosion and sedimentation, as well as solute and heat transport behavior in surface water and within the subsurface; (ii) biogeochemical processes and characteristics, including the turnover of nutrients and natural water constituents; and (iii) ecological processes and indicators related to biodiversity and ecological functioning. All these aspects are interlinked, requiring an interdisciplinary investigation approach. Here, we present an overview of the recently completed RECORD (REstored CORridor Dynamics) project in which we combined physical, chemical, and biological observations with modeling at a restored river corridor of the perialpine Thur River in Switzerland. Our results show that river restoration, beyond inducing morphologic changes that reshape the river bed and banks, triggered complex spatial patterns of bank infiltration, and affected habitat type, biotic communities and biogeochemical processes. We adopted an interdisciplinary approach of monitoring the continuing changes due to restoration measures to address the following questions: How stable is the morphological variability established by restoration? Does morphological variability guarantee an improvement in biodiversity? How does morphological variability affect biogeochemical transformations in the river corridor? What are some potential adverse effects of river restoration? How is river restoration influenced by catchment-scale hydraulics

INFLUENCE OF RIVER BED ELEVATION SURVEY CONFIGURATIONS AND INTERPOLATION METHODS ON THE ACCURACY OF LIDAR DTM-BASED RIVER FLOW SIMULATIONS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. R. Santillan

2016-09-01

Full Text Available In this paper, we investigated how survey configuration and the type of interpolation method can affect the accuracy of river flow simulations that utilize LIDAR DTM integrated with interpolated river bed as its main source of topographic information. Aside from determining the accuracy of the individually-generated river bed topographies, we also assessed the overall accuracy of the river flow simulations in terms of maximum flood depth and extent. Four survey configurations consisting of river bed elevation data points arranged as cross-section (XS, zig-zag (ZZ, river banks-centerline (RBCL, and river banks-centerline-zig-zag (RBCLZZ, and two interpolation methods (Inverse Distance-Weighted and Ordinary Kriging were considered. Major results show that the choice of survey configuration, rather than the interpolation method, has significant effect on the accuracy of interpolated river bed surfaces, and subsequently on the accuracy of river flow simulations. The RMSEs of the interpolated surfaces and the model results vary from one configuration to another, and depends on how each configuration evenly collects river bed elevation data points. The large RMSEs for the RBCL configuration and the low RMSEs for the XS configuration confirm that as the data points become evenly spaced and cover more portions of the river, the resulting interpolated surface and the river flow simulation where it was used also become more accurate. The XS configuration with Ordinary Kriging (OK as interpolation method provided the best river bed interpolation and river flow simulation results. The RBCL configuration, regardless of the interpolation algorithm used, resulted to least accurate river bed surfaces and simulation results. Based on the accuracy analysis, the use of XS configuration to collect river bed data points and applying the OK method to interpolate the river bed topography are the best methods to use to produce satisfactory river flow simulation outputs

Comparison of leaves of Nerium oleander collected the monitoring trace elements in environmental pollution in Rio de Janeiro and Campinas Cities using of synchrotron radiation fluorescence analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Simabuco, Silvana M.; Ferreira Pinto, Jefferson; Dos Anjos, Marcelino J.

1999-01-01

These works describes the use of synchrotron radiation fluorescence analysis as a technique for monitoring trace elements in bio-indicators for environmental pollution control. The analyses were made on leaves of Nerium oleander collected in streets with different traffic flow in Rio de Janeiro and Campinas Cities, Brazil, with one sample from rural zone. Part of the leaves were cleaned with 0,1% v/v detergent in deionized water and than all were dry at 60o C until constant weight. The leaves were than cut in small pieces and submitted to a nitric digestion in a open system. The liquid residue was pre-concentrated with ammonium pirrrolidine dithiocarbamate and filtrated by vacuum pump in cellulose membrane. The measurement was made with a white beam of synchrotron radiation calibrated with thin film standards. The results indicate that same metals like Ti, V, Fe and Zn have major content in sample that came from places with high traffic flow even in leaves that have been washed. The levels of Mn, Co, Cu and Ni did not show significant difference between the samples. The Pb level also did not vary significantly what was expected because in Brazil the gasoline did not use plumb as a additive from many years. The results seems to indicate that the leaves from Nerium oleander absorb metals from the atmosphere and may be used as one environmental indicator

Preliminary checklists for applying SERCON (System for Evaluating Rivers for Conservation to rivers in Serbia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Teodorović Ivana

2012-01-01

Full Text Available This paper describes the first steps in gathering biological data to assess the conservation value of rivers in Serbia, using SERCON (System for Evaluating Rivers for Conservation. SERCON was developed in the UK to improve consistency in assessments of river ‘quality’ by using a scoring system to evaluate habitat features and species groups, catchment characteristics, and the potential impacts to which river systems may be subjected. This paper provides checklists for aquatic, semiaquatic and marginal plants, macroinvertebrates, fish and birds associated with rivers in Serbia, collated from a wide range of published and unpublished sources. These lists should be regarded as provisional because few wide-ranging biological surveys have been carried out specifically on Serbian rivers; further revisions are likely as more information becomes available in future. Ultimately, the work will benefit regulators and decision-makers with responsibility for river management under the new Water Law, and contribute to river protection and conservation in Serbia. [Acknowledgments. The hydromorphology dataset was prepared for the project ‘Biosensing Technologies and Global System for Long-Term Research and Integrated Management of Ecosystems’ (Biosensing tehnologije i globalni sistem za kontinuirana istraživanja i integrisano upravljanje ekosistema III 043002 grant, while the biodiversity dataset was prepared the project Plant biodiversity of Serbia and the Balkans – assessment, sustainable use and protection (Biodiverzitet biljnog sveta Srbije i Balkanskog poluostrva – procena, održivo korišćenje i zaštita 173030 Grant, supported by Ministry of Education and Science, Republic of Serbia

Weak Learner Method for Estimating River Discharges using Remotely Sensed Data: Central Congo River as a Testbed

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, D.; Lee, H.; Yu, H.; Beighley, E.; Durand, M. T.; Alsdorf, D. E.; Hwang, E.

2017-12-01

River discharge is a prerequisite for an understanding of flood hazard and water resource management, yet we have poor knowledge of it, especially over remote basins. Previous studies have successfully used a classic hydraulic geometry, at-many-stations hydraulic geometry (AMHG), and Manning's equation to estimate the river discharge. Theoretical bases of these empirical methods were introduced by Leopold and Maddock (1953) and Manning (1889), and those have been long used in the field of hydrology, water resources, and geomorphology. However, the methods to estimate the river discharge from remotely sensed data essentially require bathymetric information of the river or are not applicable to braided rivers. Furthermore, the methods used in the previous studies adopted assumptions of river conditions to be steady and uniform. Consequently, those methods have limitations in estimating the river discharge in complex and unsteady flow in nature. In this study, we developed a novel approach to estimating river discharges by applying the weak learner method (here termed WLQ), which is one of the ensemble methods using multiple classifiers, to the remotely sensed measurements of water levels from Envisat altimetry, effective river widths from PALSAR images, and multi-temporal surface water slopes over a part of the mainstem Congo. Compared with the methods used in the previous studies, the root mean square error (RMSE) decreased from 5,089 m3s-1 to 3,701 m3s-1, and the relative RMSE (RRMSE) improved from 12% to 8%. It is expected that our method can provide improved estimates of river discharges in complex and unsteady flow conditions based on the data-driven prediction model by machine learning (i.e. WLQ), even when the bathymetric data is not available or in case of the braided rivers. Moreover, it is also expected that the WLQ can be applied to the measurements of river levels, slopes and widths from the future Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission to be

Stochastic Modelling of River Geometry

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sørensen, John Dalsgaard; Schaarup-Jensen, K.

1996-01-01

Numerical hydrodynamic river models are used in a large number of applications to estimate critical events for rivers. These estimates are subject to a number of uncertainties. In this paper, the problem to evaluate these estimates using probabilistic methods is considered. Stochastic models for ...... for river geometries are formulated and a coupling between hydraulic computational methods and numerical reliability methods is presented....

EDITORIAL: Selected Papers from RIAO/OPTILAS 2007 (Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, 21 26 October 2007)

Science.gov (United States)

Wetter, Niklaus; Frejlich, Jaime

2008-10-01

This special issue contains papers presented at the 6th Ibero-American Conference on Optics and the 9th Latin-American Meeting on Optics, Lasers and Applications (RIAO/OPTILAS'07) that was held in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, 21-26 October 2007. The RIAO/OPTILAS conferences are held every three years in Latino-American and Iberian countries and focus on senior and young researchers as well as students working in all areas of optics, mainly in these countries, but warmly welcoming participants from all over the world. The RIAO/OPTILAS'07 conference followed the one held in Venezuela in 2004 and precedes the next one already arranged to be held in Peru in 2010. The most active countries in the regions such as Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Spain, Colombia and Venezuela have registered a large number of participants but other countries in the regions such as Chile, Cuba, Ecuador, Peru, Portugal and Uruguay have also sent a representative number of participants. About 7% of the registered participants came from Europe, the USA and the Middle East. It was very stimulating to realize that about 44% of the accepted registered participants were students. An international committee was in charge of selecting the best student posters and ten students were awarded with prizes offered by organizations (SPIE, Wiley & Sons) and individuals. There were 7 plenary invited talks given by high quality researchers from Argentina, Germany, Israel, Italy, Mexico and Ukraine and 12 invited contributions from Brazil, Finland, Italy, Spain, UK and Uruguay. The Book of Abstracts recorded 471 communications divided into 15 different topics with 160 oral communications in three parallel sessions and 311 posters in two special sessions. We are particularly grateful to SPIE, OSA and ICTP who have provided us with important financial support mainly devoted to supporting the participation of students in this conference. We also acknowledge financial and organizational support from Brazilian federal

River as a part of ground battlefield

Science.gov (United States)

Vračar, Miodrag S.; Pokrajac, Ivan; Okiljević, Predrag

2013-05-01

The rivers are in some circumstances part of the ground battlefield. Microseisms induced at the riverbed or ground at the river surrounding might be consequence of military activities (military ground transports, explosions, troop's activities, etc). Vibrations of those fluid-solid structures are modeled in terms of solid displacement and change of fluid pressure. This time varying fluid pressure in river, which originates from ground microseisms, is possible to detect with hydrophones. Therefore, hydroacoustic measurements in rivers enables detecting, identification and localization various types of military noisy activities at the ground as and those, which origin is in the river water (hydrodynamics of water flow, wind, waves, river vessels, etc). In this paper are presented river ambient noise measurements of the three great rivers: the Danube, the Sava and the Tisa, which flows in north part of Serbia in purpose to establish limits in detection of the ground vibrations in relatively wide frequency range from zero to 20 kHz. To confirm statement that the river is a part of ground battlefield, and that hydroacoustic noise is possible to use in detecting and analyzing ground microseisms induced by civil or military activities, some previous collected data of hydroacoustic noise measurement in the rivers are used. The data of the river ambient noise include noise induced by civil engineering activities, that ordinary take place in large cities, noise that produced ships and ambient noise of the river when human activities are significantly reduced. The poly spectral method was used in analysis such events.

Thermal pollution impacts on rivers and power supply in the Mississippi River watershed

Science.gov (United States)

Miara, Ariel; Vörösmarty, Charles J.; Macknick, Jordan E.; Tidwell, Vincent C.; Fekete, Balazs; Corsi, Fabio; Newmark, Robin

2018-03-01

Thermal pollution from power plants degrades riverine ecosystems with ramifications beyond the natural environment as it affects power supply. The transport of thermal effluents along river reaches may lead to plant-to-plant interferences by elevating condenser inlet temperatures at downstream locations, which lower thermal efficiencies and trigger regulatory-forced power curtailments. We evaluate thermal pollution impacts on rivers and power supply across 128 plants with once-through cooling technologies in the Mississippi River watershed. By leveraging river network topologies with higher resolutions (0.05°) than previous studies, we reveal the need to address the issue in a more spatially resolved manner, capable of uncovering diverse impacts across individual plants, river reaches and sub-basins. Results show that the use of coarse river network resolutions may lead to substantial overestimations in magnitude and length of impaired river reaches. Overall, there is a modest limitation on power production due to thermal pollution, given existing infrastructure, regulatory and climate conditions. However, tradeoffs between thermal pollution and electricity generation show important implications for the role of alternative cooling technologies and environmental regulation under current and future climates. Recirculating cooling technologies may nearly eliminate thermal pollution and improve power system reliability under stressed climate-water conditions. Regulatory limits also reduce thermal pollution, but at the expense of significant reductions in electricity generation capacity. However, results show several instances when power production capacity rises at individual plants when regulatory limits reduce upstream thermal pollution. These dynamics across energy-water systems highlight the need for high-resolution simulations and the value of coherent planning and optimization across infrastructure with mutual dependencies on natural resources to overcome

Assessment of natural and artificial radiation dose in the city urban area of Goiania, Goias, Brazil: results of Campinas - Centro and Sul regions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, Nivaldo C.; Dias, Danila C.S.; Guerrero, Eder T.Z.; Alberti, Heber L.C., E-mail: ncsilva@cnen.gov.br, E-mail: edertzg@cnen.gov.br, E-mail: heber@cnen.gov.br [Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear (LAPOC/CNEN), Pocos de Caldas, MG (Brazil). Laboratorio de Pocos de Caldas; Santos, Eliane E.; Pimenta, Lucinei R.; Costa, Heliana F., E-mail: esantos@cnen.gov.br, E-mail: lucinei@cnen.gov.br, E-mail: heliana@cnen.gov.br [Centro Regional de Ciencias Nucleares do Centro-Oeste (CRCN-CO/CNEN-GO), Abadia de Goias, GO (Brazil)

2011-07-01

An assessment of external gamma dose was carried out in some urban areas in the city of Goiania - GO - Brazil, allowing to infer the contribution of this component to the average annual effective dose value for the population leaving in that region. The measurements were done using a vehicle with a mobile radioactivity measurement system, Thermo-Eberline FHT 1376, consisting of plastic scintillation detector and a Global Position System (GPS), which is able to collect gamma dose rate as well as the local spatial coordinates. These data, associated with those from national census, provided by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistic, were analyzed using the ArcGIS software, a well known Geographical Information System - GIS. As the main result, radiometric maps were produced, illustrating how effective dose values are distributed within the selected areas and also correlating the collective dose values for these populations. Around 57,000 geo referenced effective dose values were measured in the so-called Campinas-Centro and Sul Regions, which are two of the seven regions Goiania is divided in for administrative purposes. The dose rates ranging from 10.4 to 192.7 nSv/h with an average of 22.4 nSv/h, which means 0.20 mSv/year as the annual effective dose. This values are lower than the worldwide average effective dose value of 0.46 mSv/year for outdoor exposures from terrestrial radiation sources) and lower than the previous average values found in Brazil for the regions of Pocos de Caldas, Guarapari, Andradas and Caldas. Actually, the average value is comparable with those observed in the Ribeirao Preto - SP - Brazil City. (author)

Assessment of natural and artificial radiation dose in the city urban area of Goiania, Goias, Brazil: results of Campinas - Centro and Sul regions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, Nivaldo C.; Dias, Danila C.S.; Guerrero, Eder T.Z.; Alberti, Heber L.C.

2011-01-01

An assessment of external gamma dose was carried out in some urban areas in the city of Goiania - GO - Brazil, allowing to infer the contribution of this component to the average annual effective dose value for the population leaving in that region. The measurements were done using a vehicle with a mobile radioactivity measurement system, Thermo-Eberline FHT 1376, consisting of plastic scintillation detector and a Global Position System (GPS), which is able to collect gamma dose rate as well as the local spatial coordinates. These data, associated with those from national census, provided by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistic, were analyzed using the ArcGIS software, a well known Geographical Information System - GIS. As the main result, radiometric maps were produced, illustrating how effective dose values are distributed within the selected areas and also correlating the collective dose values for these populations. Around 57,000 geo referenced effective dose values were measured in the so-called Campinas-Centro and Sul Regions, which are two of the seven regions Goiania is divided in for administrative purposes. The dose rates ranging from 10.4 to 192.7 nSv/h with an average of 22.4 nSv/h, which means 0.20 mSv/year as the annual effective dose. This values are lower than the worldwide average effective dose value of 0.46 mSv/year for outdoor exposures from terrestrial radiation sources) and lower than the previous average values found in Brazil for the regions of Pocos de Caldas, Guarapari, Andradas and Caldas. Actually, the average value is comparable with those observed in the Ribeirao Preto - SP - Brazil City. (author)

Flood characteristics for the New River in the New River Gorge National River, West Virginia

Science.gov (United States)

Wiley, J.B.; Cunningham, M.K.

1994-01-01

The frequency and magnitude of flooding of the New River in the New River Gorge National River was studied. A steady-state, one-dimensional flow model was applied to the study reach. Rating curves, cross sections, and Manning's roughness coefficients that were used are presented in this report. Manning's roughness coefficients were evaluated by comparing computed elevations (from application of the steady-state, one-dimensional flow model) to rated elevations at U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamflow-gaging stations and miscellaneous-rating sites. Manning's roughness coefficients ranged from 0.030 to 0.075 and varied with hydraulic depth. The 2-, 25-, and 100-year flood discharges were esti- mated on the basis of information from flood- insurance studies of Summers County, Fayette County, and the city of Hinton, and flood-frequency analysis of discharge records for the USGS streamflow-gaging stations at Hinton and Thurmond. The 100-year discharge ranged from 107,000 cubic feet per second at Hinton to 150,000 cubic feet per second at Fayette.

Columbia River water quality monitoring

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1983-01-01

Waste water from Hanford activities is discharged at eight points along the Hanford reach of the Columbia River. These discharges consist of backwash water from water intake screens, cooling water, river bank springs, water storage tank overflow, and fish laboratory waste water. Each discharge point is identified in an existing National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit issued by the EPA. Effluents from each of these outfalls are routinely monitored and reported by the operating contractors as required by their NPDES permits. Measurements of several Columbia River water quality parameters were conducted routinely during 1982 both upstream and downstream of the Hanford Site to monitor any effects on the river that may be attributable to Hanford discharges and to determine compliance with the Class A designation requirements. The measurements indicated that Hanford operations had a minimal, if any, impact on the quality of the Columbia River water

RiverHeath: Neighborhood Loop Geothermal Exchange System

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Geall, Mark [RiverHeath LLC, Appleton, WI (United States)

2016-07-11

The goal of the RiverHeath project is to develop a geothermal exchange system at lower capital infrastructure cost than current geothermal exchange systems. The RiverHeath system features an innovative design that incorporates use of the adjacent river through river-based heat exchange plates. The flowing water provides a tremendous amount of heat transfer. As a result, the installation cost of this geothermal exchange system is lower than more traditional vertical bore systems. Many urban areas are located along rivers and other waterways. RiverHeath will serve as a template for other projects adjacent to the water.

78 FR 21839 - Drawbridge Operation Regulation; Green River, Small-house, KY and Black River, Jonesboro, LA

Science.gov (United States)

2013-04-12

... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard 33 CFR Part 117 [Docket No. USCG-2013-0041] RIN 1625-AA09 Drawbridge Operation Regulation; Green River, Small-house, KY and Black River, Jonesboro, LA... drawbridge operation regulation for the drawbridges across Green River, mile 79.6, Small- house, KY and Black...

Functional groups of macro-benthos of selected sites of upstream of Hron River and Hnilec River

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rufusova, A.

2011-01-01

The author used six functional groups of macro-benthos based on 'species traits', which are indicated with the Greek letters α to ζ. In the work authors applied this method to the macroinvertebrate communities of selected sites of upstream of the Hron River and the Hnilec River. The method appropriately captured increasing gradient of anthropogenic changes in the direction of the river continuum. Although the method was used for Slovak rivers for the first time, it seems to be promising for use in the future. (author)

River channel morphology and hydraulics properties due to introduction of plant basket hydraulic structures for river channel management

Science.gov (United States)

Kałuża, Tomasz; Radecki-Pawlik, Artur; Plesiński, Karol; Walczak, Natalia; Szoszkiewicz, Krzysztof; Radecki-Pawlik, Bartosz

2016-04-01

In the present time integrated water management is directly connected with management and direct works in river channels themselves which are taking into account morphological processes in rivers and improve flow conditions. Our work focused on the hydraulic and hydrodynamic consequences upon the introduction of the concept of the improvement of the hydromorphological conditions of the Flinta River in a given reach following river channel management concept. Based on a comprehensive study of the hydromorphological state of the river, four sections were selected where restoration measures can efficiently improve river habitat conditions in the river. For each section a set of technical and biological measures were proposed and implemented in practice. One of the proposed solutions was to construct plant basket hydraulic structures (PBHS) within the river channel, which are essentially plant barriers working as sediment traps, changing river channel morphology and are in line with concepts of Water Framework Directive. These relatively small structures work as crested weirs and unquestionably change the channel morphology. Along our work we show the results of three-year long (2013-2015) systematic measurements that provided information on the morphological consequences of introducing such structures into a river channel. Our main conclusions are as follows: 1. Plant basket hydraulic structures cause changes in hydrodynamic conditions and result in sediment accumulation and the formation of river backwaters upstream and downstream the obstacle; 2. The introduced plant basket hydraulic structures cause plant debris accumulation which influences the hydrodynamic flow conditions; 3. The installation of plant basket hydraulic structures on the river bed changes flow pattern as well as flow hydrodynamic conditions causing river braiding process; 4. The erosion rate below the plant basket hydraulic structures is due to the hydraulic work conditions of the PBHS and its

Flood-inundation Maps for the Deerfield River, Franklin County, Massachusetts, from the Confluence with the Cold River Tributary to the Connecticut River

Science.gov (United States)

Lombard, Pamela J.; Bent, Gardner C.

2015-09-02

The U.S. Geological Survey developed flood elevations in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency for a 30-mile reach of the Deerfield River from the confluence of the Cold River tributary to the Connecticut River in the towns of Charlemont, Buckland, Shelburne, Conway, Deerfield, and Greenfield in Franklin County, Massachusetts to assist land owners, and emergency management workers prepare for and recover from floods. Peak flows with 50-, 20-, 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, 0.5-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probabilities were computed for the reach from updated flood-frequency analyses. These peak flows were routed through a one-dimensional step-backwater hydraulic model to obtain the corresponding peak water-surface elevations and to place the tropical storm Irene flood of August 28, 2011 into historical context. The hydraulic model was calibrated by using current [2015] stage-discharge relations at two U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in the study reach—Deerfield River at Charlemont, MA (01168500) and Deerfield River near West Deerfield, MA (01170000)—and from documented high-water marks from the tropical storm Irene flood, which had between a 1- and 0.2-percent AEP.

Knowledge, attitude and practice of women in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil with respect to physical exercise in pregnancy: a descriptive study.

Science.gov (United States)

Ribeiro, Carmen P; Milanez, Helaine

2011-11-03

Pregnancy is a good time to develop healthy lifestyle habits including regular exercise and good nutrition. Programs of physical exercise for pregnant women have been recommended; however, there are few references on this subject in the literature. The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of pregnant women with respect to appropriate physical exercise during pregnancy, and also to investigate why some women do not exercise during pregnancy. A descriptive study was conducted in which 161 women of 18 to 45 years of age were interviewed in the third trimester of pregnancy. These women were receiving prenatal care at National Health Service (SUS) primary healthcare units and had no pathologies for which physical exercise would constitute a risk. The women were selected at an ultrasonography clinic accredited to the SUS in Campinas, São Paulo. A previously elaborated knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) questionnaire was used to collect data, which were then stored in an Epinfo database. Statistical analysis was conducted using Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test to evaluate the association between the study variables (p exercise during pregnancy and the vast majority (93.8%) was in favor of it. Nevertheless, only just over 20% of the women in this sample exercised adequately. Significant associations were found between an adequate knowledge of physical exercise during pregnancy and education level (p = 0.0014) and between the adequate practice of physical exercise during pregnancy and having had fewer pregnancies (p = 0.0001). Lack of time and feeling tired and uncomfortable were the principal reasons given by the women for not exercising. These results suggest that women's knowledge concerning the practice of physical exercise during pregnancy is reasonable and their attitude is favorable; however, relatively few actually exercise during pregnancy.

Water equivalent of snow survey of the Red River Basin and Heart/Cannonball River Basin, March 1978

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Feimster, E.L.

1979-10-01

The water equivalent of accumulated snow was estimated in the Red River and Heart/Cannonball River basins and surrounding areas in North Dakota during the period 8 to 17 March 1978. A total of 570 km were flown, covering a 274 km section of the Red River Basin watershed. These lines had been surveyed in March 1974. Twelve flight lines were flown over the North Dakota side of the Red River from a point 23 km south of the Canadian border southward to the city of Fargo, North Dakota. The eight flight lines flown over the Minnesota side of the Red River extended from 23 km south of the Canadian border southward to Breckenridge, Minnesota. Using six flight lines, a total of 120 km were flown in the Heart/Cannonball River Basin, an area southwest of the city of Bismark, North Dakota. This was the first such flight in the Heart/Cannonball River Basin area. Computed weighted average water equivalents on each flight line in the Red River Basin ranged from 4.8 cm to 12.7 cm of water, averaging 7.6 cm for all lines. In the Heart/Cannonball River Basin, the weighted water equivalent ranged from 8.9 cm to 19.1 cm of water, averaging 12.7 cm for all lines. The method used employs the measurement of the natural gamma rays both before and after snow covers the ground

DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN PEMANFAATAN ALUR SUNGAI DI KALI BOYONG, KALI KUNING DAN KALI GENDOL (Environmental Impact of Utulization River Courses in Boyong River, Kuning River and Gendol River

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Darmakusuma Darmanto

2011-07-01

penambangan material sedimen pasir dan batu serta pemanfaatan lembah alur sungai untuk kegiatan pertanian, kedua hal tersebut menimbulkan dampak negatif yang menghambat pengaliran air sungai dari hulu ke hilir akan tetapi juga mendapatkan dampak positif dari kedua kegiatan tersebut paling tidak untuk tambahan PAD dan untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitar lokasi kegiatan.   ABSTRACT This study is a part of the Doctoral Program (S3, the location is in Boyong, Kuning and Gendol River, where periodically are used to transport the sediment material from Merapi volcano.The problems of study are: (a there will be impact of the Merapi eruption to the fuction of the river channels or courses in storage and delivery for the water in the river, (b the usage of river channels/courses from or sediment material minings, and water and land usages by the people for agriculture so that needed to developed a model to manage the river channel in an active volcano to keep the function of the channel optimal. The methodology are field surveying and laboratory analysis by measuring, observation, taking sediment samples, interviewing respondents in the surrounding area and taking field photoes from the profiling sections of the river. Data are used to analyze the result by using ecology and spatial approach. The result and evaluation conclusions are: (a by using ecological and spatial approach the physical and the biological factors are seems to be similar at Boyong River and Gendol/Opak River compared to Kuning River this was due to an interrivercourse area, and (b the usage of river channel by surroundings people and government makes negative impacts of the water storage and flow of water to downstream, but the mining activity of sand and boulders and agriculture will produce positive impacts to the government and surroundings people

Avaliação da rede de centros de atenção psicossocial: entre a saúde coletiva e a saúde mental Evaluación de la red de atención psicosocial en la perspectiva de la salud colectiva, Campinas, Sureste de Brasil Evaluation of the network of psychosocial care centers: between collective and mental health

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosana Teresa Onocko Campos

2009-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar os modelos assistenciais, de gestão e de formação de trabalhadores de uma rede centros de atenção psicossocial (CAPS. MÉTODOS: Pesquisa avaliativa qualitativa, sustentada pela hermenêutica gadameriana, realizada na cidade de Campinas (SP, em 2006-2007. Os dados foram coletados por meio de 20 grupos focais, em CAPS III, realizados com diferentes grupos de interesse (trabalhadores, gestores municipais, usuários, familiares e gestores locais. Após a transcrição do material gravado de cada grupo, foram construídas narrativas, seguindo o referencial teórico de Ricoeur. Na segunda etapa de grupos focais essas narrativas foram apresentadas aos participantes para contestá-las, corrigi-las e validá-las. Os resultados preliminares foram discutidos em oficinas para elaboração de um guia de boas práticas em CAPS III. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados pontos fortes e fragilidades no que concerne à atenção à crise, articulação com a rede básica, formulação de projetos terapêuticos, gestão e organização em equipes de referência, formação educacional e sofrimento psíquico. CONCLUSÕES: A rede de centros de atenção psicossocial em Campinas destaca-se pela sua originalidade na implantação de seis CAPS III , e pela sua eficácia na continência com usuários e familiares no momento da crise e na reabilitação. A organização por técnico e/ou equipe de referência prevalece, assim como a construção de projetos terapêuticos. A redução das equipes noturnas desponta como principal problema e fonte de estresse para os trabalhadores. A formação dos profissionais se mostrou insuficiente para os desafios enfrentados por esses serviços.OBJETIVO: Evaluar los modelos asistenciales, de gestión y de formación de trabajadores de una red de centros de atención psicosocial (CAPS. MÉTODOS: Investigación evaluativa cualitativa, sustentada por la hermenéutica gadameriana, realizada en la ciudad de Campinas

Preface to the volume Large Rivers

Science.gov (United States)

Latrubesse, Edgardo M.; Abad, Jorge D.

2018-02-01

The study and knowledge of the geomorphology of large rivers increased significantly during the last years and the factors that triggered these advances are multiple. On one hand, modern technologies became more accessible and their disseminated usage allowed the collection of data from large rivers as never seen before. The generalized use of high tech data collection with geophysics equipment such as acoustic Doppler current profilers-ADCPs, multibeam echosounders, plus the availability of geospatial and computational tools for morphodynamics, hydrological and hydrosedimentological modeling, have accelerated the scientific production on the geomorphology of large rivers at a global scale. Despite the advances, there is yet a lot of work ahead. Good parts of the large rivers are in the tropics and many are still unexplored. The tropics also hold crucial fluvial basins that concentrate good part of the gross domestic product of large countries like the Parana River in Argentina and Brazil, the Ganges-Brahmaputra in India, the Indus River in Pakistan, and the Mekong River in several countries of South East Asia. The environmental importance of tropical rivers is also outstanding. They hold the highest biodiversity of fluvial fauna and alluvial vegetation and many of them, particularly those in Southeast Asia, are among the most hazardous systems for floods in the entire world. Tropical rivers draining mountain chains such as the Himalaya, the Andes and insular Southeast Asia are also among the most heavily sediment loaded rivers and play a key role in both the storage of sediment at continental scale and the transference of sediments from the continent to the Ocean at planetary scale (Andermann et al., 2012; Latrubesse and Restrepo, 2014; Milliman and Syvitski, 1992; Milliman and Farsnworth, 2011; Sinha and Friend, 1994).

Flood discharge measurement of a mountain river – Nanshih River in Taiwan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Y.-C. Chen

2013-05-01

Full Text Available This study proposes a more efficient method of flood discharge measurement in mountain rivers that accounts for personal safety, accuracy, and reliability. Because it is based on the relationships between mean and maximum velocities and between cross-sectional area and gauge height, the proposed method utilizes a flood discharge measurement system composed of an acoustic Doppler profiler and crane system to measure velocity distributions, cross-sectional area, and water depths. The flood discharge measurement system can be used to accurately and quickly measure flood data that is difficult to be collected by the conventional instruments. The measured data is then used to calibrate the parameters of the proposed method for estimating mean velocity and cross-sectional area. Then these observed discharge and gauge height can be used to establish the water stage–discharge rating curve. Therefor continuous and real-time estimations of flood discharge of a mountain river can become possible. The measurement method and system is applied to the Nanshih River at the Lansheng Bridge. Once the method is established, flood discharge of the Nanshih River could be efficiently estimated using maximum velocity and the water stage. Results of measured and estimated discharges of the Nanshih River at the Lansheng Bridge differed only slightly from each other, demonstrating the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.

Combining integrated river modelling and agent based social simulation for river management; The case study of the Grensmaas project

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Valkering, P.; Krywkow, Jorg; Rotmans, J.; van der Veen, A.; Douben, N.; van Os, A.G.

2003-01-01

In this paper we present a coupled Integrated River Model – Agent Based Social Simulation model (IRM-ABSS) for river management. The models represent the case of the ongoing river engineering project “Grensmaas”. In the ABSS model stakeholders are represented as computer agents negotiating a river

Turbulent forces within river plumes affect spread

Science.gov (United States)

Bhattacharya, Atreyee

2012-08-01

When rivers drain into oceans through narrow mouths, hydraulic forces squeeze the river water into buoyant plumes that are clearly visible in satellite images. Worldwide, river plumes not only disperse freshwater, sediments, and nutrients but also spread pollutants and organisms from estuaries into the open ocean. In the United States, the Columbia River—the largest river by volume draining into the Pacific Ocean from North America—generates a plume at its mouth that transports juvenile salmon and other fish into the ocean. Clearly, the behavior and spread of river plumes, such as the Columbia River plume, affect the nation's fishing industry as well as the global economy.

Composition patterns of waterbirds from La Vieja River, Geographic Valley of Cauca River, Colombia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ramirez Urrea, Laura Milena; Arbelaez Cortes, Enrique; Marin Gomez, Oscar Humberto; Duque Montoya, Diego

2014-01-01

We compiled and analyzed data gathered from observations during the period 2001-2013 in three sectors along La Vieja River, located in the Cauca River Valley, Colombia. We describe spatial and temporal aspects of such dataset, focusing in indentify patterns of species' composition and abundance. We recorded 28 waterbird species in 33 transects, being 22 species observed in more than 50 % of these transects. The species richness among transects did not shows significant differences. However, two cluster analyses, considering both presence/absence and abundance data, showed that there is spatial structure in the species composition along the river. In contrast, although observations were conducted during more than ten years there is no evidence of temporal changes in species composition. Still, some species showed increase or decrease trends in their frequency. We present a new record for one species (Chloroceryle aenea) for the region. Despite that the landscape surrounding La Vieja River has faced a high anthropogenic impact; the river still presents a significant diversity of waterbirds, which could add value to the conservation plans in the zone.

75 FR 33690 - Safety Zone, Lights on the River Fireworks Display, Delaware River, New Hope, PA

Science.gov (United States)

2010-06-15

... scenario with potential for loss of life and property. Basis and Purpose The New Hope Chamber of Commerce... to protect life and property operating on the navigable waterways of the Delaware River in New Hope...-AA00 Safety Zone, Lights on the River Fireworks Display, Delaware River, New Hope, PA AGENCY: Coast...

Real-Time River Channel-Bed Monitoring at the Chariton and Mississippi Rivers in Missouri, 2007-09

Science.gov (United States)

Rydlund, Jr., Paul H.

2009-01-01

Scour and depositional responses to hydrologic events have been important to the scientific community studying sediment transport as well as potential effects on bridges and other hydraulic structures within riverine systems. A river channel-bed monitor composed of a single-beam transducer was installed on a bridge crossing the Chariton River near Prairie Hill, Missouri (structure L-344) as a pilot study to evaluate channel-bed change in response to the hydrologic condition disseminated from an existing streamgage. Initial results at this location led to additional installations in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Transportation at an upstream Chariton River streamgage location at Novinger, Missouri (structure L-534) and a Mississippi River streamgage location near Mehlville, Missouri (structures A-1850 and A-4936). In addition to stage, channel-bed elevation was collected at all locations every 15 minutes and transmitted hourly to a U.S. Geological Survey database. Bed elevation data for the Chariton River location at Novinger and the Mississippi River location near Mehlville were provided to the World Wide Web for real-time monitoring. Channel-bed data from the three locations indicated responses to hydrologic events depicted in the stage record; however, notable bedforms apparent during inter-event flows also may have affected the relation of scour and deposition to known hydrologic events. Throughout data collection periods, Chariton River locations near Prairie Hill and Novinger reflected bed changes as much as 13 feet and 5 feet. Nearly all of the bed changes correlated well with the hydrographic record at these locations. The location at the Mississippi River near Mehlville indicated a much more stable channel bed throughout the data collection period. Despite missing data resulting from damage to one of the river channel-bed monitors from ice accumulation at the upstream nose of the bridge pier early in the record, the record from the downstream

Fish samples as bioindicator of environmental quality: synchrotron radiation total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis (SR-TXRF)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vives, Ana Elisa Sirito de; Moreira, Silvana; Brienza, Sandra Maria Boscolo; Zucchi, Orgheda Luiza Araujo Domingues; Nascimento Filho, Virgilio Franco do Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura , Piracicaba, SP; Brazil)

2005-01-01

In this study fish were used as bioindicators of environmental contamination. The species were collected in Piracicaba River, Sao Paulo state, Brazil and the toxic elements concentrations were determined in muscle tissue and viscus (liver, intestine and stomach) by Synchrotron Radiation Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis (SR-TXRF). Were determined the elements Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Ba. The results were compared with values established by Brazilian Legislation for general food. The elements concentrations evidenced potential risk to human health and environmental quality alteration of the studied area. The measurements were realized at the 'Laboratorio Nacional de Luz Sincrotron' (LNLS) located in Campinas, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. (author)

Fish samples as bioindicator of environmental quality: synchrotron radiation total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis (SR-TXRF)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vives, Ana Elisa Sirito de [Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba (UNIMEP), Santa Barbara D' Oeste, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Engenharia, Arquitetura e Urbanismo]. E-mail: aesvives@unimep.br; Moreira, Silvana [Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Engenharia, Arquitetura e Urbanismo]. E-mail: Silvana@fec.unicamp.br; Brienza, Sandra Maria Boscolo [Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba (UNIMEP), SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Ciencias Matematicas, da Natureza e de Tecnologia da Informacao]. E-mail: sbrienza@unimep.br; Zucchi, Orgheda Luiza Araujo Domingues [Sao Paulo Univ., Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas]. E-mail: olzucchi@fcfrp.usp.br; Nascimento Filho, Virgilio Franco do [Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA), Piracicaba, SP (Brazil)]. E-mail: virgilio@cena.usp.br

2005-07-01

In this study fish were used as bioindicators of environmental contamination. The species were collected in Piracicaba River, Sao Paulo state, Brazil and the toxic elements concentrations were determined in muscle tissue and viscus (liver, intestine and stomach) by Synchrotron Radiation Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis (SR-TXRF). Were determined the elements Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Ba. The results were compared with values established by Brazilian Legislation for general food. The elements concentrations evidenced potential risk to human health and environmental quality alteration of the studied area. The measurements were realized at the 'Laboratorio Nacional de Luz Sincrotron' (LNLS) located in Campinas, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. (author)

Radiocesium dynamics in the Hirose River basin

Science.gov (United States)

Kuramoto, T.; Taniguchi, K.; Arai, H.; Onuma, S.; Onishi, Y.

2017-12-01

A significant amount of radiocesium was deposited in Fukushima Prefecture during the accident of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. In river systems, radiocesium is transported to downstream in rivers. For the safe use of river and its water, it is needed to clarify the dynamics of radiocesium in river systems. We started the monitoring of the Hirose River from December 2015. The Hirose River is a tributary of the Abukuma River flowing into the Pacific Ocean, and its catchment is close to areas where a large amount of radiocesium was deposited. We set up nine monitoring points in the Hirose River watershed. The Water level and turbidity data are continuously observed at each monitoring point. We regularly collected about 100 liters of water at each monitoring point. Radiocesium in water samples was separated into two forms; the one is the dissolved form, and the other is the suspended particulate form. Radionuclide concentrations of radiocesium in both forms were measured by a germanium semiconductor detector. Furthermore, we applied the TODAM (Time-dependent One-dimensional Degradation And Migration) code to the Hirose River basin using the monitoring data. The objectives of the modeling are to understand a redistribution pattern of radiocesium adsorbed by sediments during flooding events and to determine the amount of radiocesium flux into the Abukuma River.

Simulated and observed 2010 floodwater elevations in selected river reaches in the Pawtuxet River Basin, Rhode Island

Science.gov (United States)

Zarriello, Phillip J.; Olson, Scott A.; Flynn, Robert H.; Strauch, Kellan R.; Murphy, Elizabeth A.

2014-01-01

Heavy, persistent rains from late February through March 2010 caused severe flooding that set, or nearly set, peaks of record for streamflows and water levels at many long-term streamgages in Rhode Island. In response to this event, hydraulic models were updated for selected reaches covering about 56 river miles in the Pawtuxet River Basin to simulate water-surface elevations (WSEs) at specified flows and boundary conditions. Reaches modeled included the main stem of the Pawtuxet River, the North and South Branches of the Pawtuxet River, Pocasset River, Simmons Brook, Dry Brook, Meshanticut Brook, Furnace Hill Brook, Flat River, Quidneck Brook, and two unnamed tributaries referred to as South Branch Pawtuxet River Tributary A1 and Tributary A2. All the hydraulic models were updated to Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) version 4.1.0 using steady-state simulations. Updates to the models included incorporation of new field-survey data at structures, high resolution land-surface elevation data, and updated flood flows from a related study. The models were assessed using high-water marks (HWMs) obtained in a related study following the March– April 2010 flood and the simulated water levels at the 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability (AEP), which is the estimated AEP of the 2010 flood in the basin. HWMs were obtained at 110 sites along the main stem of the Pawtuxet River, the North and South Branches of the Pawtuxet River, Pocasset River, Simmons Brook, Furnace Hill Brook, Flat River, and Quidneck Brook. Differences between the 2010 HWM elevations and the simulated 0.2-percent AEP WSEs from flood insurance studies (FISs) and the updated models developed in this study varied with most differences attributed to the magnitude of the 0.2-percent AEP flows. WSEs from the updated models generally are in closer agreement with the observed 2010 HWMs than with the FIS WSEs. The improved agreement of the updated simulated water elevations to

Phytoplankton Regulation in a Eutrophic Tidal River (San Joaquin River, California

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alan D. Jassby

2005-03-01

Full Text Available As in many U.S. estuaries, the tidal San Joaquin River exhibits elevated organic matter production that interferes with beneficial uses of the river, including fish spawning and migration. High phytoplankton biomass in the tidal river is consequently a focus of management strategies. An unusually long and comprehensive monitoring dataset enabled identification of the determinants of phytoplankton biomass. Phytoplankton carrying capacity may be set by nitrogen or phosphorus during extreme drought years but, in most years, growth rate is light-limited. The size of the annual phytoplankton bloom depends primarily on river discharge during late spring and early summer, which determines the cumulative light exposure in transit downstream. The biomass-discharge relationship has shifted over the years, for reasons as yet unknown. Water diversions from the tidal San Joaquin River also affect residence time during passage downstream and may have resulted in more than a doubling of peak concentration in some years. Dam construction and accompanying changes in storage-and-release patterns from upstream reservoirs have caused a long-term decrease in the frequency of large blooms since the early 1980s, but projected climate change favors a future increase. Only large decreases in nonpoint nutrient sources will limit phytoplankton biomass reliably. Growth rate and concentration could increase if nonpoint source management decreases mineral suspensoid load but does not decrease nutrient load sufficiently. Small changes in water storage and release patterns due to dam operation have a major influence on peak phytoplankton biomass, and offer a near-term approach for management of nuisance algal blooms.

27 CFR 9.47 - Hudson River Region.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Hudson River Region. 9.47... Hudson River Region. (a) Name. The name of the viticultural area described in this section is “Hudson River Region.” (b) Approved maps. The approved maps for determining the boundaries of Hudson River...

A geomorphological characterisation of river systems in South Africa: A case study of the Sabie River

Science.gov (United States)

Eze, Peter N.; Knight, Jasper

2018-06-01

Fluvial geomorphology affects river character, behaviour, evolution, trajectory of change and recovery potential, and as such affects biophysical interactions within a catchment. Water bodies in South Africa, in common with many other water-stressed parts of the world, are generally under threat due to increasing natural and anthropogenic influences including aridity, siltation and pollution, as well as climate and environmental change. This study reports on a case study to characterise the geomorphology of different river systems in South Africa, with the aim of better understanding their properties, controls, and implications for biophysical interactions including water quality, biodiversity (aquatic and riparian), and human activity within the catchment. The approach adopted is based on the River Styles® framework (RSF), a geomorphology-based approach developed for rivers in New Zealand and Australia, but applied here for the first time to South Africa. Based on analysis of remote sensing imagery, SRTM-2 digital topographic data and field observations on sites through the entire river system, six geomorphic elements were identified along the Sabie River, northeast South Africa (gorge, bedrock-forced meander, low-moderate sinuosity planform controlled sand bed, meandering sand bed, low sinuosity fine grained sand bed, and floodouts), using the RSF classification scheme and based on the RSF procedural tree of Brierley and Fryirs (2005). Previous geomorphological studies along the Sabie River have shown that different reaches respond differently to episodic floods; we use these data to link river geomorphological character (as defined by the RSF) to the hydrodynamic conditions and processes giving rise to such character. This RSF approach can be used to develop a new management approach for river systems that considers their functional biophysical behaviour within individual reaches, rather than considering them as homogeneous and uniform systems.

RiverCare communication strategy for reaching beyond

Science.gov (United States)

Cortes Arevalo, Juliette; den Haan, Robert Jan; Berends, Koen; Leung, Nick; Augustijn, Denie; Hulscher, Suzanne J. M. H.

2017-04-01

Effectively communicating river research to water professionals and researchers working in multiple disciplines or organizations is challenging. RiverCare studies the mid-term effects of innovative river interventions in the Netherlands to improve river governance and sustainable management. A total of 21 researchers working at 5 universities are part of the consortium, which also includes research institutes, consultancies, and water management authorities. RiverCare results do not only benefit Dutch river management, but can also provide useful insights to challenges abroad. Dutch partner organizations actively involved in RiverCare are our direct users. However, we want to reach water professionals from the Netherlands and beyond. To communicate with and disseminate to these users, we set up a communication strategy that includes the following approaches : (1) Netherlands Centre of River studies (NCR) website to announce activities post news, not limited to RiverCare; (2) A RiverCare newsletter that is published twice per year to update about our progress and activities; (3) A multimedia promotional providing a 'first glance' of RiverCare. It consists of four video episodes and an interactive menu; (4) An interactive knowledge platform to provide access, explain RiverCare results and gather feedback about the added value and potential use of these results; and (5) A serious gaming environment titled Virtual River where actors can play out flood scaling intervention and monitoring strategies to assess maintenance scenarios. The communication strategy and related approaches are being designed and developed during the project. We use participatory methods and systematic evaluation to understand communication needs and to identify needs for improvement. As a first step, RiverCare information is provided via the NCR website. The active collaboration with the NCR is important to extend communication efforts beyond the RiverCare consortium and after the program ends

As long as the rivers flow: Athabasca River knowledge, use and change

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Candler, C.; Olson, R.; Deroy, S.

2010-11-01

This document is a report supported by specific information gathered by the Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation (ACFN) and the Mikisew Cree First Nation (MCFN), and takes part in an Athabasca River Use and Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) study conducted in 2010. The main objective was to provide a written submission, based on evidence, in order to effectively notify the crown about plans for managing industrial water withdrawals from the lower Athabasca River. The First Nations used the same methods, wrote their community reports as distinguished stand-alone documents and made the choice to present the ACFN and MCFN data in parallel with each other within the same document. The study provides information on the knowledge and uses of the Athabasca River by the community members. Context and background for the study can be found in the part A. It comprises a short discussion of the Treaty No.8 of 1899, the latter confirming the rights of First Nation people. The importance of boat transportation for the community members is mentioned, and a summary of the methods is given. The results of the ACFN and MCFN studies are given in part B and C. The reduction of the quantity and quality of the river has affected the practice of ACFN and MCFN aboriginal and treaty rights. The community perceptions of the changes of the river and how it has influenced their lifestyle is discussed. Some uses of the Athabasca river have been lost because of concerns regarding contamination associated with oil sands operations. The last part of the document provides an analysis of results and suggests two thresholds that define the ability of ACFN and MCFN members to practice their rights and access their territories. This document ends with recommendations for implementation of these thresholds. 22 refs., 12 maps.

As long as the rivers flow: Athabasca River knowledge, use and change

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Candler, C.; Olson, R.; Deroy, S. [Firelight Group Research Cooperative, Victoria, BC (Canada)

2010-11-15

This document is a report supported by specific information gathered by the Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation (ACFN) and the Mikisew Cree First Nation (MCFN), and takes part in an Athabasca River Use and Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) study conducted in 2010. The main objective was to provide a written submission, based on evidence, in order to effectively notify the crown about plans for managing industrial water withdrawals from the lower Athabasca River. The First Nations used the same methods, wrote their community reports as distinguished stand-alone documents and made the choice to present the ACFN and MCFN data in parallel with each other within the same document. The study provides information on the knowledge and uses of the Athabasca River by the community members. Context and background for the study can be found in the part A. It comprises a short discussion of the Treaty No.8 of 1899, the latter confirming the rights of First Nation people. The importance of boat transportation for the community members is mentioned, and a summary of the methods is given. The results of the ACFN and MCFN studies are given in part B and C. The reduction of the quantity and quality of the river has affected the practice of ACFN and MCFN aboriginal and treaty rights. The community perceptions of the changes of the river and how it has influenced their lifestyle is discussed. Some uses of the Athabasca river have been lost because of concerns regarding contamination associated with oil sands operations. The last part of the document provides an analysis of results and suggests two thresholds that define the ability of ACFN and MCFN members to practice their rights and access their territories. This document ends with recommendations for implementation of these thresholds. 22 refs., 12 maps.

HYDROLOGICAL ASSESSMENTS OF SOME RIVERS IN EDO ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Highest monthly hydropower yields were recorded in September for Ovia, Ikpoba and Edion Rivers and in August for Orlie River. On annual basis, Ovia River, recorded the highest power yield of 61.619MW (suggesting that Ovia river may be suitable for a Medium hydropower scheme, 10MW-100MW) with the highest ...

Post-flood status of the Endangered Ganges River Dolphin Platanista gangetica gangetica (Cetartiodactyla: Platanistidae in the Koshi River, Nepal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

T.B. Khatri

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The breach of the eastern embankment of the Koshi Barrage at Paschim Kusaha Village of Sunsari District on 18 August 2008, created havoc for wildlife and their habitats, as well as people’s livelihood and welfare. The Koshi River flowed through the breach for five months. Following the breach, a population assessment survey of the Endangered Ganges River Dolphin Platanista gangetica gangetica was made between March and November 2009 in the Koshi River main channel starting from Chatara to 2km south of Koshi Barrage to ascertain their status. A direct count survey was conducted by two teams of researchers simultaneously searching for animals by boat from Chatara to the Koshi Barrage including the Triyuga River and on foot along the river banks downstream of Koshi Barrage and along the Mariya River. Standard protocols were followed to record the number of sighted dolphins. A total of 11 dolphins were recorded in the entire 49-km river stretch with an encounter rate of 0.23 dolphins per km. The current result showed an encouraging population of dolphins in the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve and its buffer zone but the threats for conservation still remain challenging. Close monitoring of dolphins and their habitats involving local communities are required for long term conservation of the river dolphins in Nepal. The breach of the eastern embankment of the Koshi Barrage at Paschim Kusaha Village of Sunsari District on 18 August 2008, created havoc for wildlife and their habitats, as well as people’s livelihood and welfare. The Koshi River flowed through the breach for five months. Following the breach, a population assessment survey of the Endangered Ganges River Dolphin Platanista gangetica gangetica was made between March and November 2009 in the Koshi River main channel starting from Chatara to 2km south of Koshi Barrage to ascertain their status. A direct count survey was conducted by two teams of researchers simultaneously searching for

Regional Cooperation Efforts in the Mekong River Basin: Mitigating river-related security threats and promoting regional development

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Susanne Schmeier

2009-01-01

Full Text Available The development of international rivers is often perceived as leading to conflicts or even water wars. However, as the development of the Mekong River shows, cooperation has not only prevailed in the last decades, but River Basin Organizations (RBOs, established to mitigate river-related conflicts and/or develop the river basin, have also contributed to the emergence of more general cooperation structures, mainly by creating spill-over effects in other issue-areas, bringing cooperation to policy fields beyond the river itself. This article assesses the contribution of the Mekong River Commission (MRC and the Greater Mekong Sub-Region (GMS to the sustainable development of the Mekong Region as well as to the promotion of regional cooperation in mainland South-East Asia in general. --- Die Entwicklung grenzüberschreitender Flüsse wird oft mit Konflikten oder gar Kriegen um Wasser assoziiert. Wie jedoch die Entwicklung im Mekong-Becken zeigt, waren die vergangenen Jahrzehnte nicht nur von Kooperation gezeichnet, sondern Flussbeckenorganisationen konnten außerdem dazu beitragen, weitreichendere Kooperationsstrukturen zu entwickeln, die sich auf andere Politikfelder ausdehnen. Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit dem Beitrag der Mekong River Commission (MRC und der Greater Mekong Sub-Region (GMS zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung in der Mekong Region sowie zur Förderung allgemeiner regionaler Kooperation im Festländischen Südostasien.

South Fork Holston River basin 1988 biomonitoring

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saylor, C.F.; Ahlstedt, S.A.

1990-06-01

There is concern over the effects of shifts in land use use practices on the aquatic fauna of streams in the South Fork Holston River basin in northwestern North Carolina and southwestern Virginia. Trout reproduction has noticeably declined in the Watauga River subbasin. The Watauga River and Elk River subbasins have been subjected to commercial and resort development. The Middle fork Holston River and the upper South Fork Holston River subbasins have been affected by agricultural and mining activities, respectively (Cox, 1986). To aid reclamation and management of the South Fork Holston basin, Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) biologists conducted biomonitoring--including index of biotic integrity and macroinvertebrate sampling--on the Middle Fork Holston, South Fork Holston, Watauga, and Elk Rivers to assess cumulative impairment related to changes in habitat and pollutant loading in these subbasins. Biomonitoring can detect environmental degradation, help document problem areas, and assist in development of strategies for managing water quality. This report discusses the methods and materials and results of the biomonitoring of South Fork Holston River Basin. 13 refs., 5 figs., 12 tabs.

Multielement analysis of water in Yodo River

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mamuro, Tetsuo; Mizohata, Akira; Matsunami, Tadao; Matsuda, Yatsuka

1980-01-01

Yodo River is a major source of water supplies in the Osaka district. Three tributaries including Katsura River flow into this river at close positions. It is known that the Katsura River is considerably polluted due to the sewage treatment in Kyoto City. Following the previous survey in September, 1970, a similar survey by neutron activation has been carried out on the pollution of the Yodo River in October, 1977, by increasing the number of sampling points. Because it is reported that the pollution of the Katsura River has been largely lowered from that in the previous survey, the purpose was to grasp the present situation of the water pollution of the Yodo River due to metal elemens and others, and further to examine in relation of material balance. The procedures used were, first, the evaporation and solidification of sample water, and then neutron activation analysis. The correlation among the concentrations of elements, the pattern of the concentrations of elements, the material balance along the Yodo River, etc. are described in this paper. (J.P.N.)

The internal strength of rivers: autogenic processes in control of the sediment load (Tana River, Kenya)

Science.gov (United States)

Geeraert, Naomi; Ochieng Omengo, Fred; Tamooh, Fredrick; Paron, Paolo; Bouillon, Steven; Govers, Gerard

2014-05-01

The construction of sediment rating curves for monitoring stations is a widely used technique to budget sediment fluxes. Changes in the relationship between discharge and sediment concentrations over time are often attributed to human-induced changes in catchment characteristics, such as land use change, dam construction or soil conservation measures and many models have been developed to quantitatively link catchment characteristics and river sediment load. Conversely, changes in river sediment fluxes are often interpreted as indications of major changes in the catchment. By doing so, autogenic processes, taking place within the river channel, are overlooked despite the increasing awareness of their importance. We assessed the role of autogenic processes on the sediment load of Tana River (Kenya). The Tana river was impacted by major dam construction between 1968 and 1988, effectively blocking at least 80% of the sediment transfer from the highlands to the lower river reaches. However, a comparison of pre-dam sediment fluxes at Garissa (located 250 km downstream of the dams) with recent measurements shows that sediment fluxes have not changed significantly. This suggests that most of the sediment in the post-dam period has to originate from inside the alluvial plain of the river, as tributaries downstream of the dams are scarce and intermittent. Several observations are consistent with this hypothesis. We observed that, during the wet season, sediment concentrations rapidly increased below the dams and are not controlled by inputs from tributaries. Also, sediment concentrations were high at the beginning of the wet season, which can be attributed to channel adjustment to the higher discharges. The river sediment does not contain significant amounts of 137Cs or 210Pbxs, suggesting that sediments are not derived from topsoil erosion. Furthermore, we observed a counter clockwise hysteresis during individual events which can be explained by the fact that sediment

Interlinking of Rivers in India: Issues & Challenges

OpenAIRE

MEHTA, Dharmendra; MEHTA, Naveen K.

2013-01-01

Abstract. The rivers in India are truly speaking not only life-line of masses but also for wild-life. The rivers play a vital role in the lives of the Indian people. The river systems help us in irrigation, potable water, cheap transportation, electricity as well as a source of livelihood for our ever increasing population. Some of the major cities of India are situated at the banks of holy rivers. Proper management of river water is the need of the hour. Indian agriculture largely d...

27 CFR 9.208 - Snake River Valley.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Snake River Valley. 9.208... Snake River Valley. (a) Name. The name of the viticultural area described in this section is “Snake River Valley”. For purposes of part 4 of this chapter, “Snake River Valley” is a term of viticultural...

How have the river discharges and sediment loads changed in the Changjiang River basin downstream of the Three Gorges Dam?

Science.gov (United States)

Guo, Leicheng; Su, Ni; Zhu, Chunyan; He, Qing

2018-05-01

Streamflow and sediment loads undergo remarkable changes in worldwide rivers in response to climatic changes and human interferences. Understanding their variability and the causes is of vital importance regarding river management. With respect to the Changjiang River (CJR), one of the largest river systems on earth, we provide a comprehensive overview of its hydrological regime changes by analyzing long time series of river discharges and sediment loads data at multiple gauge stations in the basin downstream of Three Gorges Dam (TGD). We find profound river discharge reduction during flood peaks and in the wet-to-dry transition period, and slightly increased discharges in the dry season. Sediment loads have reduced progressively since 1980s owing to sediment yield reduction and dams in the upper basin, with notably accelerated reduction since the start of TGD operation in 2003. Channel degradation occurs in downstream river, leading to considerable river stage drop. Lowered river stages have caused a 'draining effect' on lakes by fostering lake outflows following TGD impoundments. The altered river-lake interplay hastens low water occurrence inside the lakes which can worsen the drought given shrinking lake sizes in long-term. Moreover, lake sedimentation has decreased since 2002 with less sediment trapped in and more sediment flushed out of the lakes. These hydrological changes have broad impacts on river flood and drought occurrences, water security, fluvial ecosystem, and delta safety.

Avaliação da composição de invertebrados terrestres em uma área rural localizada no município de Campina Grande do Sul, Paraná, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Willyan Trevisan Leivas

2008-01-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2008v21n1p65 Os invertebrados terrestres que participam ativamente na formação do solo  podem ser utilizados como indicadores de perturbação ambiental. Assim, objetivou-se realizar uma avaliação da composição da fauna de invertebrados terrestres, em uma área rural, no município de Campina Grande do Sul. As coletas foram realizadas em um fragmento de Floresta com Araucária, com dois pontos amostrais estruturalmente diferenciados, através de armadilhas pitfall. Foram capturados 1776 invertebrados, pertencentes aos filos Arthropoda, Annelida, Mollusca e Plathyhelminthes, sendo Arthropoda e  Hexapoda os grupos mais representativos. Dentro dos Hexapoda, onze ordens foram registradas, destas, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Collembola e Diptera foram as mais abundantes. O fragmento estudado, embora esteja em recuperação há cerca de 10 anos após interferência antrópica de aproximadamente 40 anos e, todavia, ser rodeado de áreas utilizadas para agropecuária, agricultura e estradas, comporta diferentes grupos de invertebrados terrestres de níveis tróficos abrangentes, sendo importantes para a estrutura espacial e a composição da serrapilheira do fragmento.

Advances in understanding river-groundwater interactions

Science.gov (United States)

Brunner, Philip; Therrien, René; Renard, Philippe; Simmons, Craig T.; Franssen, Harrie-Jan Hendricks

2017-09-01

River-groundwater interactions are at the core of a wide range of major contemporary challenges, including the provision of high-quality drinking water in sufficient quantities, the loss of biodiversity in river ecosystems, or the management of environmental flow regimes. This paper reviews state of the art approaches in characterizing and modeling river and groundwater interactions. Our review covers a wide range of approaches, including remote sensing to characterize the streambed, emerging methods to measure exchange fluxes between rivers and groundwater, and developments in several disciplines relevant to the river-groundwater interface. We discuss approaches for automated calibration, and real-time modeling, which improve the simulation and understanding of river-groundwater interactions. Although the integration of these various approaches and disciplines is advancing, major research gaps remain to be filled to allow more complete and quantitative integration across disciplines. New possibilities for generating realistic distributions of streambed properties, in combination with more data and novel data types, have great potential to improve our understanding and predictive capabilities for river-groundwater systems, especially in combination with the integrated simulation of the river and groundwater flow as well as calibration methods. Understanding the implications of different data types and resolution, the development of highly instrumented field sites, ongoing model development, and the ultimate integration of models and data are important future research areas. These developments are required to expand our current understanding to do justice to the complexity of natural systems.

Groundwater controls on river channel pattern

Science.gov (United States)

Bätz, Nico; Colombini, Pauline; Cherubini, Paolo; Lane, Stuart N.

2017-04-01

Braided rivers are characterized by high rates of morphological change. However, despite the potential for frequent disturbance, vegetated patches may develop within this system and influence long-term channel dynamics and channel patterns through the "engineering effects" of vegetation. The stabilizing effect of developing vegetation on morphological change has been widely shown by flume experiments and (historic) aerial pictures analysis. Thus, there is a balance between disturbance and stabilization, mediated through vegetation, that may determine the long-term geomorphic and biogeomorphic evolution of the river. It follows that with a change in disturbance frequency relative to the rate of vegetation establishment, a systematic geomorphological shift could occur. Research has addressed how changes in disturbance frequency affect river channel pattern, but has rarely addressed the way in which the stabilizing effects of biogeomorphic succession interact with disturbance frequency to maintain a river in a more dynamic or a less dynamic state. Here, we quantify how the interplay between groundwater access, disturbance frequency and vegetation succession, drive changes in channel pattern. We studied this complex interplay on a transitional gravel-bed river system (braided, wandering, meandering) close to Geneva (Switzerland) - the Allondon River. Dendroecological analysis demonstrate that vegetation growth is driven by groundwater access. Groundwater access conditions the rate of vegetation stabilization at the sub-reach scale and, due to a reduction in flood-related disturbance frequency over the last 50 years, drives a change in channel pattern. Where groundwater is shallower, vegetation encroachment rates were high and as flood-related disturbance decreased, the river has shifted towards a meandering state. Where groundwater was deeper, vegetation growth was limited by water-access and thus vegetation encroachment rates were low. Even though there was a

Savannah River Plant environment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dukes, E.K.

1984-03-01

On June 20, 1972, the Atomic Energy Commission designated 192,323 acres of land near Aiken, SC, as the nation's first National Environmental Research Park. The designated land surrounds the Department of Energy's Savannah River Plant production complex. The site, which borders the Savannah River for 17 miles, includes swampland, pine forests, abandoned town sites, a large man-made lake for cooling water impoundment, fields, streams, and watersheds. This report is a description of the geological, hydrological, meteorological, and biological characteristics of the Savannah River Plant site and is intended as a source of information for those interested in environmental research at the site. 165 references, 68 figures, 52 tables

The Columbia River System Inside Story

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

None

2001-04-01

The Columbia River is one of the greatest natural resources in the western United States. The river and its tributaries touch the lives of nearly every resident of the Pacific Northwest—from fostering world-famous Pacific salmon to supplying clean natural fuel for 50 to 65 percent of the region’s electrical generation. Since early in the 20th century, public and private agencies have labored to capture the benefits of this dynamic river. Today, dozens of major water resource projects throughout the region are fed by the waters of the Columbia Basin river system.

Contamination profiles of perfluoroalkyl substances in five typical rivers of the Pearl River Delta region, South China.

Science.gov (United States)

Pan, Chang-Gui; Ying, Guang-Guo; Liu, You-Sheng; Zhang, Qian-Qian; Chen, Zhi-Feng; Peng, Feng-Jiao; Huang, Guo-Yong

2014-11-01

A survey on contamination profiles of eighteen perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) was performed via high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for surface water and sediments from five typical rivers of the Pearl River Delta region, South China in summer and winter in 2012. The total concentrations of the PFASs in the water phase of the five rivers ranged from 0.14 to 346.72 ng L(-1). The PFAS concentrations in the water phase were correlated positively to some selected water quality parameters such as chemical oxygen demand (COD) (0.7913) and conductivity (0.5642). The monitoring results for the water samples showed significant seasonal variations, while those for the sediment samples showed no obvious seasonal variations. Among the selected 18 PFASs, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) was the dominant PFAS compound both in water and sediment for two seasons with its maximum concentration of 320.5 ng L(-1) in water and 11.4 ng g(-1) dry weight (dw) in sediment, followed by perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) with its maximum concentration of 26.48 ng L(-1) in water and 0.99 ng g(-1) dw in sediment. PFOS and PFOA were found at relatively higher concentrations in the Shima River and Danshui River than in the other three rivers (Xizhijiang River, Dongjiang River and Shahe River). The principal component analysis for the PFASs concentrations in water and sediment separated the sampling sites into two groups: rural and agricultural area, and urban and industrial area, suggesting the PFASs in the riverine environment were mainly originated from industrial and urban activities in the region. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Riparian vegetation interacting with river morphology : modelling long-term ecosystem responses to invasive species, climate change, dams and river restoration

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Oorschot, M.

2017-01-01

River systems are amongst the most dynamic and productive ecosystems in the world and provide habitats for numerous fluvial species. River flow and river shape determine the conditions that affect plant growth and survival. In turn, riparian plants can actively influence river flow and sedimentation

33 CFR 117.1058 - Snake River.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Snake River. 117.1058 Section 117... OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Washington § 117.1058 Snake River. (a) The draw of the Burlington Northern Santa Fe railroad bridge across the Snake River at mile 1.5 between Pasco and Burbank is...

Comparative Influences of Precipitation and River Stage on Groundwater Levels in Near-River Areas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Incheol Kim

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The sustainable performance of foundations of various urban buildings and infrastructures is strongly affected by groundwater level (GWL, as GWL causes changes in the stress state within soil. In the present study, the components affecting GWL were investigated, focusing on the effects of precipitation and river stage. These components were analyzed using a six-year database established for hydrological and groundwater monitoring data. Five study regions for which daily measured precipitation, river stage, and GWL data were available were compared. Different periods of precipitation, geographical characteristics, and local surface conditions were considered in the analysis. The results indicated that key influence components on GWL are different depending on the hydrological, geological, and geographical characteristics of the target regions. River stage had the strongest influence on GWL in urban areas near large rivers with a high ratio of paved surface. In rural areas, where the paved surface area ratio and soil permeability were low, the moving average showed a closer correlation to GWL than river stage. A moving average-based method to predict GWL variation with time was proposed for regions with a low ratio of paved surface area and low permeability soils.

Effects of Water Diversion from Yangtze River to Lake Taihu on the Phytoplankton Habitat of the Wangyu River Channel

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jiangyu Dai

2018-06-01

Full Text Available To reveal the effects of water diversion from the Yangtze River to Lake Taihu on the phytoplankton habitat of the main water transfer channel of the Wangyu River, we investigated the water’s physicochemical parameters and phytoplankton communities during the water diversion and non-diversion periods over the winters between 2014–2016, respectively. During the water diversion periods in the winter of 2014 and 2015, the nutrients and organic pollutant contents of the Wangyu River channel were significantly lower than those during the non-diversion period in 2016. Moreover, the phytoplankton diversities and relative proportions of Bacillariophyta during the diversion periods evidently increased during the water diversion periods in winter. The increase in the water turbidity content, the decrease in the contents of the permanganate index, and the total phosphorus explained only 21.4% of the variations in the phytoplankton communities between the diversion and non-diversion periods in winter, which revealed significant contributions of the allochthonous species from the Yangtze River and tributaries of the Wangyu River to phytoplankton communities in the Wangyu River. The increasing gradient in the contents of nutrients and organic pollutants from the Yangtze River to Lake Taihu indicated the potential allochthonous pollutant inputs along with the Wangyu River. Further controlling the pollutants from the tributaries of the Wangyu River is critical in order to improve the phytoplankton habitats in river channels and Lake Taihu.

Factors influencing bank geomorphology and erosion of the Haw River, a high order river in North Carolina, since European settlement.

Science.gov (United States)

Macfall, Janet; Robinette, Paul; Welch, David

2014-01-01

The Haw River, a high order river in the southeastern United States, is characterized by severe bank erosion and geomorphic change from historical conditions of clear waters and connected floodplains. In 2014 it was named one of the 10 most threatened rivers in the United States by American Rivers. Like many developed areas, the region has a history of disturbance including extensive upland soil loss from agriculture, dams, and upstream urbanization. The primary objective of this study was to identify the mechanisms controlling channel form and erosion of the Haw River. Field measurements including bank height, bankfull height, bank angle, root depth and density, riparian land cover and slope, surface protection, river width, and bank retreat were collected at 87 sites along 43.5 km of river. A Bank Erosion Hazard Index (BEHI) was calculated for each study site. Mean bank height was 11.8 m, mean width was 84.3 m, and bank retreat for 2005/2007-2011/2013 was 2.3 m. The greatest bank heights, BEHI values, and bank retreat were adjacent to riparian areas with low slope (<2). This is in contrast to previous studies which identify high slope as a risk factor for erosion. Most of the soils in low slope riparian areas were alluvial, suggesting sediment deposition from upland row crop agriculture and/or flooding. Bank retreat was not correlated to bank heights or BEHI values. Historical dams (1.2-3 m height) were not a significant factor. Erosion of the Haw River in the study section of the river (25% of the river length) contributed 205,320 m3 of sediment and 3759 kg of P annually. Concentration of suspended solids in the river increased with discharge. In conclusion, the Haw River is an unstable system, with river bank erosion and geomodification potential influenced by riparian slope and varied flows.

Estimating River Surface Elevation From ArcticDEM

Science.gov (United States)

Dai, Chunli; Durand, Michael; Howat, Ian M.; Altenau, Elizabeth H.; Pavelsky, Tamlin M.

2018-04-01

ArcticDEM is a collection of 2-m resolution, repeat digital surface models created from stereoscopic satellite imagery. To demonstrate the potential of ArcticDEM for measuring river stages and discharges, we estimate river surface heights along a reach of Tanana River near Fairbanks, Alaska, by the precise detection of river shorelines and mapping of shorelines to land surface elevation. The river height profiles over a 15-km reach agree with in situ measurements to a standard deviation less than 30 cm. The time series of ArcticDEM-derived river heights agree with the U.S. Geological Survey gage measurements with a standard deviation of 32 cm. Using the rating curve for that gage, we obtain discharges with a validation accuracy (root-mean-square error) of 234 m3/s (23% of the mean discharge). Our results demonstrate that ArcticDEM can accurately measure spatial and temporal variations of river surfaces, providing a new and powerful data set for hydrologic analysis.

Analysis of Cruise Tourism on Croatian Rivers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Astrid Zekić

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Cruise trips have been rising in popularity since the 1970sand are currently a trend in the tourism market. This is particularly true of river cruises, which record a constant growth in the number of ship calls. The general upward trend in the number of river cruise passengers and dockings is also present in Croatia. Prerequisites for the development of cruising on Croatian rivers include, in addition to other geographical features, also the length of navigable water ways, but a systematic approach to this issue is needed for further development. The authors investigate the level of development of infrastructure on Croatian rivers and analyse the passenger and ship traffic on them. Special attention is given to the importance of cruises for tourism on European rivers and worldwide. In accordance with the Croatian Tourism Development Strategy until 2020, the authors explore geographical and other conditions necessary for the development of river cruise tourism. The aim of the paper is to point to the importance of building infrastructure for accommodation of vessels sailing on Croatian rivers, and in particular to the need to improve tourism offer in river destinations.

Integrated hydrological and water quality model for river management: A case study on Lena River

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fonseca, André, E-mail: andrerd@gmail.com; Botelho, Cidália; Boaventura, Rui A.R.; Vilar, Vítor J.P., E-mail: vilar@fe.up.pt

2014-07-01

The Hydrologic Simulation Program FORTRAN (HSPF) model was used to assess the impact of wastewater discharges on the water quality of a Lis River tributary (Lena River), a 176 km{sup 2} watershed in Leiria region, Portugal. The model parameters obtained in this study, could potentially serve as reference values for the calibration of other watersheds in the area or with similar climatic characteristics, which don't have enough data for calibration. Water quality constituents modeled in this study included temperature, fecal coliforms, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, nitrates, orthophosphates and pH. The results were found to be close to the average observed values for all parameters studied for both calibration and validation periods with percent bias values between − 26% and 23% for calibration and − 30% and 51% for validation for all parameters, with fecal coliforms showing the highest deviation. The model revealed a poor water quality in Lena River for the entire simulation period, according to the Council Directive concerning the surface water quality intended for drinking water abstraction in the Member States (75/440/EEC). Fecal coliforms, orthophosphates and nitrates were found to be 99, 82 and 46% above the limit established in the Directive. HSPF was used to predict the impact of point and nonpoint pollution sources on the water quality of Lena River. Winter and summer scenarios were also addressed to evaluate water quality in high and low flow conditions. A maximum daily load was calculated to determine the reduction needed to comply with the Council Directive 75/440/EEC. The study showed that Lena River is fairly polluted calling for awareness at behavioral change of waste management in order to prevent the escalation of these effects with especially attention to fecal coliforms. - Highlights: • An integrated hydrological and water quality model for river management is presented. • An insight into the

Hydrology and morphology of two river mouth regions (temperate Vistula Delta and subtropical Red River Delta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zbigniew Pruszak

2005-09-01

Full Text Available The paper presents a comparative analysis of two different river mouths from two different geographical zones (subtropical and temperate climatic regions. One is the multi-branch and multi-spit mouth of the Red River on the Gulf of Tonkin (Vietnam, the other is the smaller delta of the river Vistula on a bay of the Baltic Sea (Poland. The analysis focuses on the similarities and differences in the hydrodynamics between these estuaries and the adjacent coastal zones, the features of sediment transport, and the long-term morphodynamics of the river outlets. Salinity and water level are also discussed, the latter also in the context of the anticipated global effect of accelerated sea level rise. The analysis shows that the climatic and environmental conditions associated with geographical zones give rise to fundamental differences in the generation and dynamic evolution of the river mouths.

Regulation causes nitrogen cycling discontinuities in Mediterranean rivers.

Science.gov (United States)

von Schiller, Daniel; Aristi, Ibon; Ponsatí, Lídia; Arroita, Maite; Acuña, Vicenç; Elosegi, Arturo; Sabater, Sergi

2016-01-01

River regulation has fundamentally altered large sections of the world's river networks. The effects of dams on the structural properties of downstream reaches are well documented, but less is known about their effect on river ecosystem processes. We investigated the effect of dams on river nutrient cycling by comparing net uptake of total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), phosphorus (TDP) and organic carbon (DOC) in river reaches located upstream and downstream from three reservoir systems in the Ebro River basin (NE Iberian Peninsula). Increased hydromorphological stability, organic matter standing stocks and ecosystem metabolism below dams enhanced the whole-reach net uptake of TDN, but not that of TDP or DOC. Upstream from dams, river reaches tended to be at biogeochemical equilibrium (uptake≈release) for all nutrients, whereas river reaches below dams acted as net sinks of TDN. Overall, our results suggest that flow regulation by dams may cause relevant N cycling discontinuities in rivers. Higher net N uptake capacity below dams could lead to reduced N export to downstream ecosystems. Incorporating these discontinuities could significantly improve predictive models of N cycling and transport in complex river networks. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Haw River PFCs Data Set

Data.gov (United States)

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — PFAS concentrations in river and drinking water in and around the Haw River in North Carolina. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Sun, M., E....

Flood Disaster Mitigation as Revealed by Cawang-Manggarai River Improvement of Ciliwung River

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Airlangga Mardjono

2015-06-01

The final result of this simulation shows that Scenario 3 gives the lowest water surface elevation profile. Scenario 3 is subjected to river normalization, revetment works along the river, and also flood control structure improvement through the additional sluice gate on Manggarai Barrage. This scenario results 167 cm, 163 cm, 172 cm, 179 cm, 167 cm and 171 cm or 17,60%, 17,16%, 18,09%, 18,76%, 17,38% and 17,72% of maximum water level reduction respectively over cross section number S 20 to S 25, for several simulations with 100 year of design discharge. Keywords: Simulation, river improvement, flood water surface elevation.

Hydrological and geochemical consequences of river regulation - hyporheic perspective

Science.gov (United States)

Siergieiev, Dmytro; Lundberg, Angela; Widerlund, Anders

2014-05-01

River-aquifer interfaces, essential for ecosystem functioning in terms of nutrient exchange and biological habitat, appear greatly threatened worldwide. Although river regulation is a vast pressure on river-aquifer interaction, influencing entire watersheds, knowledge about hyporheic exchange in regulated rivers is rather limited. In this study, we combine two decades of research on hydrological and geochemical impacts of hydropower regulation on river water and hyporheic zone in two large boreal rivers, unregulated Kalix River and regulated Lule River. Altered river discharge, with reduced spring peaks, daily summer fluctuations and elevated winter base flow severely modified Lule River water geochemistry and thus the transport of solutes to the Bothnian Bay (Baltic Sea). Further, these river modifications changed the river-aquifer exchange on both daily and seasonal scale, which resulted in deteriorated hyporheic conditions with reduced riverbed hydraulic conductivity (formation of a clogging layer) reflected in a declined hyporheic flux. Altered hydrological regime of the hyporheic zone created quasi-stagnant conditions beneath the river-aquifer interface and promoted the formation of geochemically suboxic environment. Taken that hyporheic water is a mixture of river water and groundwater, mixing models for the regulated site demonstrate a considerable addition of Fe, Mn, Al, NH4 and removal of dissolved oxygen and nitrate, which suggests the hyporheic zone in the Lule River to be a source of solutes. This contradicts the observations from the hyporheic zone in the unregulated river, with opposite behaviour functioning as a barrier. These results suggest that the hyporheic zone function is dependent on the river discharge and the state of the river-aquifer connectivity. Improved knowledge about the latter on a watershed scale will substantially increase our understanding about the status and potential pressures of riverine ecosystems and assist management and

Columbia River Component Data Evaluation Summary Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

C.S. Cearlock

2006-08-02

The purpose of the Columbia River Component Data Compilation and Evaluation task was to compile, review, and evaluate existing information for constituents that may have been released to the Columbia River due to Hanford Site operations. Through this effort an extensive compilation of information pertaining to Hanford Site-related contaminants released to the Columbia River has been completed for almost 965 km of the river.

50 CFR Table 3 to Part 226 - Hydrologic Units Containing Critical Habitat for Snake River Sockeye Salmon and Snake River...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... Habitat for Snake River Sockeye Salmon and Snake River Spring/Summer and Fall Chinook Salmon 3 Table 3 to... Part 226—Hydrologic Units Containing Critical Habitat for Snake River Sockeye Salmon and Snake River... Snake—Asotin 17060103 17060103 17060103 Upper Grande Ronde 17060104 Wallowa 17060105 Lower Grande Ronde...

Hydrology and ecology of the Apalachicola River, Florida : a summary of the river quality assessment

Science.gov (United States)

Elder, John F.; Flagg, Sherron D.; Mattraw, Harold C.

1988-01-01

During 1979-81, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a large-scale study of the Apalachicola River in northwest Florida, the largest and one of the most economically important rivers in the State. Termed the Apalachicola River Quality Assessment, the study emphasized interrelations among hydrodynamics, the flood-plain forest, and the nutrient-detritus flow through the river system to the estuary. This report summarizes major findings of the study. Data on accumulation of toxic substances in sediments and benthic organisms in the river were also collected. Because of the multiple uses of the Apalachicola River system, there are many difficult management decisions. The river is a waterway for shipping; hence there is an economic incentive for modification to facilitate movement of barge traffic. Such modifications include the proposed construction of dams, levees, bend easings, and training dikes; ditching and draining in the flood plain; and dredging and snagging in the river channel. The river is also recognized as an important supplier of detritus, nutrients, and freshwater to the Apalachicola Bay, which maintains an economically important shellfish industry. The importance of this input to the bay creates an incentive to keep the river basin in a natural state. Other values, such as timber harvesting, recreation, sport hunting, nature appreciation, and wildlife habitat, add even more to the difficulty of selecting management strategies. Water and nutrient budgets based on data collected during the river assessment study indicate the relative importance of various inputs and outflows in the system. Waterflow is controlled primarily by rainfall in upstream watersheds and is not greatly affected by local precipitation, ground-water exchanges, or evapotranspiration in the basin. On an annual basis, the total nutrient inflow to the system is nearly equal in quantity to total outflow, but there is a difference between inflow and outflow in the chemical and physical

Tracking changes of river morphology in Ayeyarwady River in Myanmar using earth observations and surface water mapping tool

Science.gov (United States)

Piman, T.; Schellekens, J.; Haag, A.; Donchyts, G.; Apirumanekul, C.; Hlaing, K. T.

2017-12-01

River morphology changes is one of the key issues in Ayeyarwady River in Myanmar which cause impacts on navigation, riverine habitats, agriculture lands, communities and livelihoods near the bank of the river. This study is aimed to track the changes in river morphology in the middle reach of Ayeyarwady River over last 30 years from 1984-2014 to improve understanding of riverbank dynamic, erosion and deposition procress. Earth observations including LandSat-7, LandSat-8, Digital Elevation Model from SRTM Plus and, ASTER-2 GoogleMap and Open Street Map were obtained for the study. GIS and remote sensing tools were used to analyze changes in river morphology while surface water mapping tool was applied to determine how the dynamic behaviour of the surface river and effect of river morphology changes. The tool consists of two components: (1) a Google Earth Engine (GEE) javascript or python application that performs image analysis and (2) a user-friendly site/app using Google's appspot.com that exposes the application to the users. The results of this study shown that the fluvial morphology in the middle reach of Ayeyarwady River is continuously changing under the influence of high water flows in particularly from extreme flood events and land use change from mining and deforestation. It was observed that some meandering sections of the riverbank were straightened, which results in the movement of sediment downstream and created new sections of meandering riverbank. Several large islands have formed due to the stabilization by vegetation and is enforced by sedimentation while many small bars were formed and migrated dynamically due to changes in water levels and flow velocity in the wet and dry seasons. The main channel was changed to secondary channel in some sections of the river. This results a constant shift of the navigation route. We also found that some villages were facing riverbank erosion which can force villagers to relocate. The study results demonstrated

Endangered river fish: factors hindering conservation and restoration

Science.gov (United States)

Cooke, Steven J.; Paukert, Craig P.; Hogan, Zeb

2012-01-01

Globally, riverine fish face many anthropogenic threats including riparian and flood plain habitat degradation, altered hydrology, migration barriers, fisheries exploitation, environmental (climate) change, and introduction of invasive species. Collectively, these threats have made riverine fishes some of the most threatened taxa on the planet. Although much effort has been devoted to identifying the threats faced by river fish, there has been less effort devoted to identifying the factors that may hinder our ability to conserve and restore river fish populations and their watersheds. Therefore, we focus our efforts on identifying and discussing 10 general factors (can also be viewed as research and implementation needs) that constrain or hinder effective conservation action for endangered river fish: (1) limited basic natural history information; (2) limited appreciation for the scale/extent of migrations and the level of connectivity needed to sustain populations; (3) limited understanding of fish/river-flow relationships; (4) limited understanding of the seasonal aspects of river fish biology, particularly during winter and/or wet seasons; (5) challenges in predicting the response of river fish and river ecosystems to both environmental change and various restoration or management actions; (6) limited understanding of the ecosystem services provided by river fish; (7) the inherent difficulty in studying river fish; (8) limited understanding of the human dimension of river fish conservation and management; (9) limitations of single species approaches that often fail to address the broader-scale problems; and (10) limited effectiveness of governance structures that address endangered river fish populations and rivers that cross multiple jurisdictions. We suggest that these issues may need to be addressed to help protect, restore, or conserve river fish globally, particularly those that are endangered.

Relações interpessoais à luz do psicodrama/The interpersonal relations in view of psychodrama

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marinalva Imaculada Cuzin

Full Text Available CUZIN, M. I. As relações interpessoais à luz do psicodrama.389fl.2008. Tese (Doutorado em Educação – Faculdade de Educação, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas. 2008.

Polifilo e o sonho da tipografia/Polifilo and the dream of typography

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ubirajara Alencar Rodrigues

Full Text Available RODRIGUES, U. A. Polifilo e o sonho da tipografia. 2008. 110fl. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação – Faculdade de Educação, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas. 2008.

Missouri River 1943 Compact Line

Data.gov (United States)

Iowa State University GIS Support and Research Facility — Flood Control, Bank Stabilization and development of a navigational channel on the Missouri River had a great impact on the river and adjacent lands. The new...

Variation of River Islands around a Large City along the Yangtze River from Satellite Remote Sensing Images

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Haiyun Shi

2017-09-01

Full Text Available River islands are sandbars formed by scouring and silting. Their evolution is affected by several factors, among which are runoff and sediment discharge. The spatial-temporal evolution of seven river islands in the Nanjing Section of the Yangtze River of China was examined using TM (Thematic Mapper and ETM (Enhanced Thematic Mapper+ images from 1985 to 2015 at five year intervals. The following approaches were applied in this study: the threshold value method, binarization model, image registration, image cropping, convolution and cluster analysis. Annual runoff and sediment discharge data as measured at the Datong hydrological station upstream of Nanjing section were also used to determine the roles and impacts of various factors. The results indicated that: (1 TM/ETM+ images met the criteria of information extraction of river islands; (2 generally, the total area of these islands in this section and their changing rate decreased over time; (3 sediment and river discharge were the most significant factors in island evolution. They directly affect river islands through silting or erosion. Additionally, anthropocentric influences could play increasingly important roles.

The current content of artificial radionuclides in the water of the Tobol-Irtysh river system (from the mouth of the Iset River to the confluence with the Ob River)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nikitin, Alexander I.; Chumichev, Vladimir B.; Valetova, Nailia K.; Katrich, Ivan Yu.; Kabanov, Alexander I.; Dunaev, Gennady E.; Shkuro, Valentina N.; Rodin, Victor M.; Mironenko, Alexander N.; Kireeva, Elena V.

2007-01-01

Data on content of 90 Sr, 137 Cs, 239,240 Pu and 3 H in water of the Tobol-Irtysh part of the Techa-Iset-Tobol-Irtysh-Ob river system (through which the 'Mayak' PA radioactive wastes are transported) are presented and discussed. The data were received in 2004-2005 under the ISTC project on radioecological monitoring of the Tobol and Irtysh rivers. Monthly observations of 137 Cs, 90 Sr and 3 H content in water in the area of the Tobol and Irtysh confluence have been conducted starting from May 2004. To obtain information on the investigated river system as a whole, the radioecological survey of the Tobol and Irtysh rivers at the section from the mouth of the Iset River to the confluence with the Ob River was carried out in 2004. It is shown that the impact of 'Mayak' PA waste transport by 90 Sr is distinctly traced as far as the area of the Irtysh and Ob confluence

River Data Package for the 2004 Composite Analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rakowski, Cynthia L.; Guensch, Gregory R.; Patton, Gregory W.

2004-08-01

Beginning in fiscal year 2003, the DOE Richland Operations Office initiated activities, including the development of data packages, to support the 2004 Composite Analysis. The river data package provides calculations of flow and transport in the Columbia River system. This document presents the data assembled to run the river module components for the section of the Columbia River from Vernita Bridge to the confluence with the Yakima River.

Examining the spatial and temporal variation of groundwater inflows to a valley-to-floodplain river using 222Rn, geochemistry and river discharge: the Ovens River, southeast Australia

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, M. C. L.; Cartwright, I.; Braden, J. L.; de Bree, S. T.

2013-12-01

Radon (222Rn) and major ion geochemistry were used to define and quantify the catchment-scale groundwater-surface water interactions along the Ovens River in the southeast Murray-Darling Basin, Victoria, Australia, between September 2009 and October 2011. The Ovens River is characterized by the transition from a single channel within a mountain valley in the upper catchment to a multi-channel meandering river on flat alluvial plains in the lower catchment. Overall, the Ovens River is dominated by gaining reaches, receiving groundwater from both alluvial and basement aquifers. The distribution of gaining and losing reaches is governed by catchment morphology and lithology. In the upper catchment, rapid groundwater recharge through the permeable aquifers increases the water table. The rising water table, referred to as hydraulic loading, increases the hydraulic head gradient toward the river and hence causes high baseflow to the river during wet (high flow) periods. In the lower catchment, lower rainfall and finer-gained sediments reduce the magnitude and variability of hydraulic gradient between the aquifer and the river, producing lower but more constant groundwater inflows. The water table in the lower reaches has a shallow gradient, and small changes in river height or groundwater level can result in fluctuating gaining and losing behaviour. The middle catchment represents a transition in river-aquifer interactions from the upper to the lower catchment. High baseflow in some parts of the middle and lower catchments is caused by groundwater flowing over basement highs. Mass balance calculations based on 222Rn activities indicate that groundwater inflows are 2 to 17% of total flow with higher inflows occurring during high flow periods. In comparison to 222Rn activities, estimates of groundwater inflows from Cl concentrations are higher by up to 2000% in the upper and middle catchment but lower by 50 to 100% in the lower catchment. The high baseflow estimates using

Bull Trout Population Assessment in the White Salmon and Klickitat Rivers, Columbia River Gorge, Washington, 2001 Annual Report.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thiesfeld, Steven L.; McPeak, Ronald H.; McNamara, Brian S. (Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife); Honanie, Isadore (Confederated Tribes and Bands, Yakama Nation)

2002-01-01

We utilized night snorkeling and single pass electroshocking to determine the presence or absence of bull trout Salvelinus confluentus in 26 stream reaches (3,415 m) in the White Salmon basin and in 71 stream reaches (9,005 m) in the Klickitat River basin during summer and fall 2001. We did not find any bull trout in the White Salmon River basin. In the Klickitat River basin, bull trout were found only in the West Fork Klickitat River drainage. We found bull trout in two streams not previously reported: Two Lakes Stream and an unnamed tributary to Fish Lake Stream (WRIA code number 30-0550). We attempted to capture downstream migrant bull trout in the West Fork Klickitat River by fishing a 1.5-m rotary screw trap at RM 4.3 from July 23 through October 17. Although we caught other salmonids, no bull trout were captured. The greatest limiting factor for bull trout in the West Fork Klickitat River is likely the small amount of available habitat resulting in a low total abundance, and the isolation of the population. Many of the streams are fragmented by natural falls, which are partial or complete barriers to upstream fish movement. To date, we have not been able to confirm that the occasional bull trout observed in the mainstem Klickitat River are migrating upstream into the West Fork Klickitat River.

Management scenarios for the Jordan River salinity crisis

Science.gov (United States)

Farber, E.; Vengosh, A.; Gavrieli, I.; Marie, Amarisa; Bullen, T.D.; Mayer, B.; Holtzman, R.; Segal, M.; Shavit, U.

2005-01-01

Recent geochemical and hydrological findings show that the water quality of the base flow of the Lower Jordan River, between the Sea of Galilee and the Dead Sea, is dependent upon the ratio between surface water flow and groundwater discharge. Using water quality data, mass-balance calculations, and actual flow-rate measurements, possible management scenarios for the Lower Jordan River and their potential affects on its salinity are investigated. The predicted scenarios reveal that implementation of some elements of the Israel-Jordan peace treaty will have negative effects on the Jordan River water salinity. It is predicted that removal of sewage effluents dumped into the river (???13 MCM/a) will significantly reduce the river water's flow and increase the relative proportion of the saline groundwater flux into the river. Under this scenario, the Cl content of the river at its southern point (Abdalla Bridge) will rise to almost 7000 mg/L during the summer. In contrast, removal of all the saline water (16.5 MCM/a) that is artificially discharged into the Lower Jordan River will significantly reduce its Cl concentration, to levels of 650-2600 and 3000-3500 mg/L in the northern and southern areas of the Lower Jordan River, respectively. However, because the removal of either the sewage effluents or the saline water will decrease the river's discharge to a level that could potentially cause river desiccation during the summer months, other water sources must be allocated to preserve in-stream flow needs and hence the river's ecosystem. ?? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Characterization of meter-scale spatial variability of riverbed hydraulic conductivity in a lowland river (Aa River, Belgium)

Science.gov (United States)

Ghysels, Gert; Benoit, Sien; Awol, Henock; Jensen, Evan Patrick; Debele Tolche, Abebe; Anibas, Christian; Huysmans, Marijke

2018-04-01

An improved general understanding of riverbed heterogeneity is of importance for all groundwater modeling studies that include river-aquifer interaction processes. Riverbed hydraulic conductivity (K) is one of the main factors controlling river-aquifer exchange fluxes. However, the meter-scale spatial variability of riverbed K has not been adequately mapped as of yet. This study aims to fill this void by combining an extensive field measurement campaign focusing on both horizontal and vertical riverbed K with a detailed geostatistical analysis of the meter-scale spatial variability of riverbed K . In total, 220 slug tests and 45 standpipe tests were performed at two test sites along the Belgian Aa River. Omnidirectional and directional variograms (along and across the river) were calculated. Both horizontal and vertical riverbed K vary over several orders of magnitude and show significant meter-scale spatial variation. Horizontal K shows a bimodal distribution. Elongated zones of high horizontal K along the river course are observed at both sections, indicating a link between riverbed structures, depositional environment and flow regime. Vertical K is lognormally distributed and its spatial variability is mainly governed by the presence and thickness of a low permeable organic layer at the top of the riverbed. The absence of this layer in the center of the river leads to high vertical K and is related to scouring of the riverbed by high discharge events. Variograms of both horizontal and vertical K show a clear directional anisotropy with ranges along the river being twice as large as those across the river.

INFLUENCE OF EXTREME DISCHARGE ON RESTORATION WORKS IN MOUNTAIN RIVER – A CASE STUDY OF THE KRZCZONÓWKA RIVER (SOUTHERN POLAND

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anna Lenar-Matyas

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The research was conducted on the Krzczonówka River channel, one of the gravel-bedded, regulated mountain river in Polish Carpathians. The main morphological and ecological problem of the river was lack of sediment and channel downcutting. The area is currently associated with an on-going project called “the Upper Raba River Spawning Grounds”. Lowering of an existing debris dam on Krzczonówka River is a part of the project. In 2013 twelve artificial riffles have been created by heaping up stones at points within the segment of the river channel below the debris dam. The riffles are to introduce variety to the longitudinal profile of the river and to reduce the river’s slope. Consequently, these are to decrease sediment transport and to prevent further deepening of the river channel. Post-project monitoring of river restoration works is conducted to determine channel changes and development. In May, 2014, extreme flooding occurred, which caused unexpected changes in channel development. This paper describes maintenance work performed in the riverbed of the Krzczonówka River. Observations and calculations concerning changes in conditions of water flow and sediment transport are also presented. The main purpose is to characterize the influence of an extreme flow event on morphology and functioning of the recently restored gravel-bed river.

Physical heterogeneity and aquatic community function in river networks: A case study from the Kanawha River Basin, USA

Science.gov (United States)

Thoms, M. C.; Delong, M. D.; Flotemersch, J. E.; Collins, S. E.

2017-08-01

The geomorphological character of a river network provides the template upon which evolution acts to create unique biological communities. Deciphering commonly observed patterns and processes within riverine landscapes resulting from the interplay between physical and biological components is a central tenet for the interdisciplinary field of river science. Relationships between the physical heterogeneity and food web character of functional process zones (FPZs) - large tracts of river with a similar geomorphic character -in the Kanawha River (West Virginia, USA) are examined in this study. Food web character was measured as food chain length (FCL), which reflects ecological community structure and ecosystem function. Our results show that the same basal resources were present throughout the Kanawha River but that their assimilation into the aquatic food web by primary consumers differed between FPZs. Differences in the trophic position of higher consumers (fish) were also recorded between FPZs. Overall, the morphological heterogeneity and heterogeneity of the river bed sediment of FPZs were significantly correlated with FCL. Specifically, FCL increases with greater FPZ physical heterogeneity. The result of this study does not support the current paradigm that ecosystem size is the primary determinant of food web character in river ecosystems.

Preserving the Dnipro River

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Humanity inherited the true sense of proportion, synergy, and harmony from the natural environment. ..... In Ukraine, the middle and lower sections of the Dnipro have a drainage ... The following large cities are located in the Dnipro basin: in Russia, .... In Kherson Oblast and in river basins of some small rivers it is as high as ...

Yukon River King Salmon - Ichthyophonus Pilot Study

Science.gov (United States)

Kocan, R.M.; Hershberger, P.K.

2001-01-01

When king salmon enter the Yukon River on their spawning migration in mid June, over 25% of the population are infected with Ichthyophonus. The percent of infected fish remains relatively constant until the fish pass river mile 1,319 at Dawson, Y.T., then it drops to 13% when they reach river mile 1,745 at Whitehorse, Y.T. When the sexes are examined separately, slightly more females are infected than males (29% vs 22%). The percent of fish exhibiting clinical signs (diseased) is 2-3% when they enter the river, but increases to over 20% at river mile 715 near Tanana, AK. Disease prevalence within the population remains constant at >20% until fish pass Dawson, then the percent of diseased fish drops to <9% at Whitehorse. When the sexes are examined separately, male disease prevalence is highest at Tanana (22.6%) then gradually drops to just 12.9% at Whitehorse. Females however, continue to show an increase in disease prevalence peaking at river mile 1,081 near Circle, AK, at 36.4%, then dropping to just 5.3% at Whitehorse. Data on infection and disease collected from kings at Nenana on the Tanana River more closely resembles that seen at Whitehorse than the lower and middle Yukon River.

Predictability of current and future multi-river discharges: Ganges, Brahmaputra, Yangtze, Blue Nile, and Murray-Darling rivers

Science.gov (United States)

Jian, Jun

2007-12-01

Determining river discharge is of critical importance to many societies as they struggle with fresh water supply and risk of flooding. In Bangladesh, floods occur almost every year but with sufficient irregularity to have adverse social and economical consequences. Important goals are to predict the discharge to be used for the optimization of agricultural practices, disaster mitigation and water resource management. The aim of this study is to determine the predictability of river discharge in a number of major rivers on time scale varying from weeks to a century. We investigated predictability considering relationship between SST and discharge. Next, we consider IPCC model projections of river discharge while the models are statistically adjusted against observed discharges. In this study, we consider five rivers, the Ganges, the Brahmaputra, the Yangtze, the Blue Nile, and the Murray-Darling Rivers. On seasonal time scales, statistically significant correlations are found between mean monthly equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) and the summer Ganges discharge with lead times of 2-3 months due to oscillations of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomena. In addition, there are strong correlations in the southwest and northeast Pacific. These, too, appear to be tied to the ENSO cycle. The Brahmaputra discharge, on the other hand, shows somewhat weaker relationships with tropical SST. Strong lagged correlations relationships are found with SST in the Bay of Bengal but these are the result of very warm SSTs and exceptional Brahmaputra discharge during the summer of 1998. When this year is removed from the time series, relationships weaken everywhere except in the northwestern Pacific for the June discharge and in areas of the central Pacific straddling the equator for the July discharge. The relationships are relative strong, but they are persistent from month to month and suggest that two different and sequential factors influence Brahmaputra

Hood River production program monitoring and evaluation. Report B: Hood River and Pelton Ladder. Annual report 1996

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lambert, M.B.; Jennings, M.; McCanna, J.P.

1996-01-01

The Hood River Production Program (HRPP) is jointly implemented by the Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon (CTWS) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW). The primary goals of the HRPP are (1) to re-establish naturally sustaining spring chinook salmon using Deschutes River stock in the Hood River subbasin, (2) rebuild naturally sustaining runs of summer and winter steelhead in the Hood River subbasin, (3) maintain the genetic characteristics of the populations, and (4) contribute to tribal and non-tribal fisheries, ocean fisheries, and the Northwest Power Planning Council's (NPPC) interim goal of doubling salmon runs

Hierarchically nested river landform sequences

Science.gov (United States)

Pasternack, G. B.; Weber, M. D.; Brown, R. A.; Baig, D.

2017-12-01

River corridors exhibit landforms nested within landforms repeatedly down spatial scales. In this study we developed, tested, and implemented a new way to create river classifications by mapping domains of fluvial processes with respect to the hierarchical organization of topographic complexity that drives fluvial dynamism. We tested this approach on flow convergence routing, a morphodynamic mechanism with different states depending on the structure of nondimensional topographic variability. Five nondimensional landform types with unique functionality (nozzle, wide bar, normal channel, constricted pool, and oversized) represent this process at any flow. When this typology is nested at base flow, bankfull, and floodprone scales it creates a system with up to 125 functional types. This shows how a single mechanism produces complex dynamism via nesting. Given the classification, we answered nine specific scientific questions to investigate the abundance, sequencing, and hierarchical nesting of these new landform types using a 35-km gravel/cobble river segment of the Yuba River in California. The nested structure of flow convergence routing landforms found in this study revealed that bankfull landforms are nested within specific floodprone valley landform types, and these types control bankfull morphodynamics during moderate to large floods. As a result, this study calls into question the prevailing theory that the bankfull channel of a gravel/cobble river is controlled by in-channel, bankfull, and/or small flood flows. Such flows are too small to initiate widespread sediment transport in a gravel/cobble river with topographic complexity.

Engineering assessment of inactive uranium mill tailings, Green River Site, Green River, Utah

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1981-08-01

Ford, Bacon and Davis Utah Inc. has reevaluated the Green River site in order to revise the December 1977 engineering assessment of the problems resulting from the existence of radioactive uranium mill tailings at Green River, Utah. This evaluation has included the preparation of topographic maps, the performance of core drillings and radiometric measurements sufficient to determine areas and volumes of tailings and radiation exposures of individuals and nearby populations, the investigations of site hydrology and meteorology, and the evaluation and costing of alternative remedial actions. Radon gas released from the 123,000 tons of tailings at the Green River site constitutes the most significant environmental impact, although windblown tailings and external gamma radiation also are factors

Socio-Hydrology of Channel Flows in Complex River Basins: Rivers, Canals, and Distributaries in Punjab, Pakistan

Science.gov (United States)

Wescoat, James L.; Siddiqi, Afreen; Muhammad, Abubakr

2018-01-01

This paper presents a socio-hydrologic analysis of channel flows in Punjab province of the Indus River basin in Pakistan. The Indus has undergone profound transformations, from large-scale canal irrigation in the mid-nineteenth century to partition and development of the international river basin in the mid-twentieth century, systems modeling in the late-twentieth century, and new technologies for discharge measurement and data analytics in the early twenty-first century. We address these processes through a socio-hydrologic framework that couples historical geographic and analytical methods at three levels of flow in the Punjab. The first level assesses Indus River inflows analysis from its origins in 1922 to the present. The second level shows how river inflows translate into 10-daily canal command deliveries that vary widely in their conformity with canal entitlements. The third level of analysis shows how new flow measurement technologies raise questions about the performance of established methods of water scheduling (warabandi) on local distributaries. We show how near real-time measurement sheds light on the efficiency and transparency of surface water management. These local socio-hydrologic changes have implications in turn for the larger scales of canal and river inflow management in complex river basins.

Journal of Genetics | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Dendrobatid frogs have undergone an extensive systematic reorganization based on recent molecular findings. ... Departamento de Anatomia, Biologia Celular e Fisiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-863 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Biociências, Universidade ...

Influence of technical maintenance measures on ecological status of agricultural lowland rivers - Systematic review and implications for river management.

Science.gov (United States)

Bączyk, Anna; Wagner, Maciej; Okruszko, Tomasz; Grygoruk, Mateusz

2018-06-15

Intensification of agriculture and ongoing urban sprawl exacerbate pressures on rivers. Small rivers in agricultural landscapes are especially exposed to excessive technical actions implemented in order to allow for harvesting river water for irrigation, draining agricultural water and receiving sewage. Regular dredging and macrophyte removal strongly interfere with the global need for preserving river biodiversity that allows agricultural lowland rivers to remain refuges for a variety of species, and-accordingly-to keep water bodies resilient for the benefit of society. In order to provide a comprehensive look at the influence of agricultural lowland river management on the ecological status of these water bodies, we conducted a literature review and a meta-analysis. For the structured literature review we selected 203 papers reflecting on the response of aquatic ecosystems to dredging and macrophyte management actions. The database of scientific contributions developed for our study consists of papers written by the authors from 33 countries (first authorship) addressing dredging, macrophyte removal, status of fish and macroinvertebrates as well as the general ecological status of lowland agricultural rivers. We revealed that 96% of the analyzed papers indicated unilateral, negative responses of aquatic ecosystems, particularly macroinvertebrates, ichthyofauna and macrophyte composition, to maintenance measures. We revealed that studies conducted in the European Union on the ecological status of rivers appeared to significantly increase in quantity after the implementation of the Water Framework Directive. Finally, we concluded that day-to-day management of lowland agricultural rivers requires revision in terms of compliance with environmental conservation requirements and the recurrent implementation of technical measures for river maintenance. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Greenhouse gases emission from the sewage draining rivers.

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Beibei; Wang, Dongqi; Zhou, Jun; Meng, Weiqing; Li, Chongwei; Sun, Zongbin; Guo, Xin; Wang, Zhongliang

2018-01-15

Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) concentration, saturation and fluxes in rivers (Beitang drainage river, Dagu drainage rive, Duliujianhe river, Yongdingxinhe river and Nanyunhe river) of Tianjin city (Haihe watershed) were investigated during July and October in 2014, and January and April in 2015 by static headspace gas chromatography method and the two-layer model of diffusive gas exchange. The influence of environmental variables on greenhouse gases (GHGs) concentration under the disturbance of anthropogenic activities was discussed by Spearman correlative analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that the concentration and fluxes of CO 2 , CH 4 and N 2 O were seasonally variable with >winter>fall>summer, spring>summer>winter>fall and summer>spring>winter>fall for concentrations and spring>summer>fall>winter, spring>summer>winter>fall and summer>spring>fall>winter for fluxes respectively. The GHGs concentration and saturation were higher in comprehensively polluted river sites and lower in lightly polluted river sites. The three GHGs emission fluxes in two sewage draining rivers of Tianjin were clearly higher than those of other rivers (natural rivers) and the spatial variation of CH 4 was more obvious than the others. CO 2 and N 2 O air-water interface emission fluxes of the sewage draining rivers in four seasons were about 1.20-2.41 times and 1.13-3.12 times of those in the natural rivers. The CH 4 emission fluxes of the sewage draining rivers were 3.09 times in fall to 10.87 times in spring of those in the natural rivers in different season. The wind speed, water temperature and air temperature were related to GHGs concentrations. Nitrate and nitrite (NO 3 - +NO 2 - -N) and ammonia (NH 4 + -N) were positively correlated with CO 2 concentration and CH 4 concentration; and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration was negatively correlated with CH 4 concentration and N 2 O concentration. The effect of

Genetics, recruitment, and migration patterns of Arctic Cisco (Coregonus autumnalis) in the Colville River, Alaska and Mackenzie River, Canada

Science.gov (United States)

Zimmerman, Christian E.; Ramey, Andy M.; Turner, S.; Mueter, Franz J.; Murphy, S.; Nielsen, Jennifer L.

2013-01-01

Arctic cisco Coregonus autumnalis have a complex anadromous life history, many aspects of which remain poorly understood. Some life history traits of Arctic cisco from the Colville River, Alaska, and Mackenzie River basin, Canada, were investigated using molecular genetics, harvest data, and otolith microchemistry. The Mackenzie hypothesis, which suggests that Arctic cisco found in Alaskan waters originate from the Mackenzie River system, was tested using 11 microsatellite loci and a single mitochondrial DNA gene. No genetic differentiation was found among sample collections from the Colville River and the Mackenzie River system using molecular markers (P > 0.19 in all comparisons). Model-based clustering methods also supported genetic admixture between sample collections from the Colville River and Mackenzie River basin. A reanalysis of recruitment patterns to Alaska, which included data from recent warm periods and suspected changes in atmospheric circulation patterns, still finds that recruitment is correlated to wind conditions. Otolith microchemistry (Sr/Ca ratios) confirmed repeated, annual movements of Arctic cisco between low-salinity habitats in winter and marine waters in summer.

Bacterial communities hitching a hike - a guide to the river system of the Red river, Disko Island, West Greenland

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hauptmann, Aviaja Zenia Edna Lyberth; Markussen, Thor N.; Stibal, Marek

of different water sources on the microbial communities in Arctic rivers and estuaries remains unknown. In this study we used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to assess a small river and its estuary on Disko Island, West Greenland (69°N). We describe the bacterial community through a river into the estuary......Glacier melting and altered precipitation patterns influence Arctic freshwater and coastal ecosystems. Arctic rivers are central to Arctic water ecosystems linking glacier meltwaters and precipitation with the ocean through transport of particulate matter and microorganisms. However, the impact......, including communities originating in a glacier and a proglacial lake. Our results show that water from the glacier and lake transports distinct communities into the river in terms of diversity and community composition. Bacteria of terrestrial origin were among the dominating OTUs in the main river, while...

Hydropeaking in Nordic rivers - combined analysis from effects of changing climate conditions and energy demands to river regimes

Science.gov (United States)

Ashraf, Faisal Bin; Marttila, Hannu; Torabi Haghighi, Ali; Alfredsen, Knut; Riml, Joakim; Kløve, Bjørn

2017-04-01

Increasing national and international demands for more flexible management of the energy resources with more non-storable renewables being used in adapting to the ongoing climate change will influence hydropower operations. Damming and regulation practices of river systems causes homogenization of long term river dynamics but also higher temporal sub-daily flow variations i.e. hydropeaking. In Nordic countries, many major rivers and lakes are regulated for hydropower purposes, which have caused considerable changes in river biotic, hydrologic and morphologic structures. Due to rapidly changing energy markets in the Nordic countries (deregulation of the power market and adding of renewable but intermittent sources of energy like, wind, solar, etc.) sub-daily flow conditions are under change within regulated river systems due to the increased demand on hydropower for providing balancing power. However, holistic analysis from changes in energy markets and its effect on sub-daily river regimes is lacking. This study analyzes the effects of hydropeaking on river regime in Finland, Sweden and Norway using long term high resolution data (15 minutes to hourly time interval) from 72 pristine and 136 regulated rivers with large spatial coverage across Fennoscandia. Since the sub-daily discharge variation is masked through the monthly or daily analyzes, in order to quantify these changes high resolution data is needed. In our study we will document, characterize and classify the impacts of sub-daily flow variation due to regulation and climatic variation on various river systems in Fennoscandia. Further, with increasing social demands for ecosystem services in regulated rivers, it is important to evaluate the new demand and update hydropower operation plan accordingly. We will analyse ecological response relationships along gradients of hydrological alteration for the biological communities, processes of river ecosystems and climate boundaries together with considering the

Storm-rhine -simulation Tool For River Management

Science.gov (United States)

Heun, J. C.; Schotanus, T. D.; de Groen, M. M.; Werner, M.

The Simulation Tool for River Management (STORM), based on the River Rhine case, aims to provide insight into river and floodplain management, by (1) raising aware- ness of river functions, (2) exploring alternative strategies, (3) showing the links be- tween natural processes, spatial planning, engineering interventions, river functions and stakeholder interests, (4) facilitating the debate between different policy makers and stakeholders from across the basin and (5) enhancing co-operation and mutual un- derstanding. The simulation game is built around the new concepts of SRoom for the & cedil;RiverT, Flood Retention Areas, Resurrection of former River Channels and SLiving & cedil;with the FloodsT. The Game focuses on the Lower and Middle Rhine from the Dutch Delta to Maxau in Germany. Influences from outside the area are included as scenarios for boundary conditions. The heart of the tool is the hydraulic module, which calcu- lates representative high- and low water-levels for different hydrological scenarios and influenced by river engineering measures and physical planning in the floodplains. The water levels are translated in flood risks, navigation potential, nature development and land use opportunities in the floodplain. Players of the Game represent the institutions: National, Regional, Municipal Government and Interest Organisations, with interests in flood protection, navigation, agriculture, urban expansion, mining and nature. Play- ers take typical river and floodplain engineering, physical planning and administrative measures to pursue their interests in specific river functions. The players are linked by institutional arrangements and budgetary constraints. The game particularly aims at middle and higher level staff of local and regional government, water boards and members of interest groups from across the basin, who deal with particular stretches or functions of the river but who need (1) to be better aware of the integrated whole, (2) to

Bathymetry and Near-River Topography of the Naches and Yakima Rivers at Union Gap and Selah Gap, Yakima County, Washington, August 2008

Science.gov (United States)

Mastin, M.C.; Fosness, R.L.

2009-01-01

Yakima County is collaborating with the Bureau of Reclamation on a study of the hydraulics and sediment-transport in the lower Naches River and in the Yakima River between Union Gap and Selah Gap in Washington. River bathymetry and topographic data of the river channels are needed for the study to construct hydraulic models. River survey data were available for most of the study area, but river bathymetry and near-river topography were not available for Selah Gap, near the confluence of the Naches and Yakima Rivers, and for Union Gap. In August 2008, the U.S. Geological Survey surveyed the areas where data were not available. If possible, the surveys were made with a boat-mounted, single-beam echo sounder attached to a survey-grade Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) global positioning system (GPS). An RTK GPS rover was used on a walking survey of the river banks, shallow river areas, and river bed areas that were impenetrable to the echo sounder because of high densities of macrophytes. After the data were edited, 95,654 bathymetric points from the boat survey with the echo sounder and 1,069 points from the walking survey with the GPS rover were used in the study. The points covered 4.6 kilometers on the Yakima River and 0.6 kilometers on the Naches River. GPS-surveyed points checked within 0.014 to 0.047 meters in the horizontal direction and -0.036 to 0.078 meters in the vertical direction compared to previously established survey control points

A Computed River Flow-Based Turbine Controller on a Programmable Logic Controller for Run-Off River Hydroelectric Systems

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Razali Jidin

2017-10-01

Full Text Available The main feature of a run-off river hydroelectric system is a small size intake pond that overspills when river flow is more than turbines’ intake. As river flow fluctuates, a large proportion of the potential energy is wasted due to the spillages which can occur when turbines are operated manually. Manual operation is often adopted due to unreliability of water level-based controllers at many remote and unmanned run-off river hydropower plants. In order to overcome these issues, this paper proposes a novel method by developing a controller that derives turbine output set points from computed mass flow rate of rivers that feed the hydroelectric system. The computed flow is derived by summation of pond volume difference with numerical integration of both turbine discharge flows and spillages. This approach of estimating river flow allows the use of existing sensors rather than requiring the installation of new ones. All computations, including the numerical integration, have been realized as ladder logics on a programmable logic controller. The implemented controller manages the dynamic changes in the flow rate of the river better than the old point-level based controller, with the aid of a newly installed water level sensor. The computed mass flow rate of the river also allows the controller to straightforwardly determine the number of turbines to be in service with considerations of turbine efficiencies and auxiliary power conservation.

Multivariate analysis of heavy metal contamination using river sediment cores of Nankan River, northern Taiwan

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, An-Sheng; Lu, Wei-Li; Huang, Jyh-Jaan; Chang, Queenie; Wei, Kuo-Yen; Lin, Chin-Jung; Liou, Sofia Ya Hsuan

2016-04-01

Through the geology and climate characteristic in Taiwan, generally rivers carry a lot of suspended particles. After these particles settled, they become sediments which are good sorbent for heavy metals in river system. Consequently, sediments can be found recording contamination footprint at low flow energy region, such as estuary. Seven sediment cores were collected along Nankan River, northern Taiwan, which is seriously contaminated by factory, household and agriculture input. Physico-chemical properties of these cores were derived from Itrax-XRF Core Scanner and grain size analysis. In order to interpret these complex data matrices, the multivariate statistical techniques (cluster analysis, factor analysis and discriminant analysis) were introduced to this study. Through the statistical determination, the result indicates four types of sediment. One of them represents contamination event which shows high concentration of Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni and Fe, and low concentration of Si and Zr. Furthermore, three possible contamination sources of this type of sediment were revealed by Factor Analysis. The combination of sediment analysis and multivariate statistical techniques used provides new insights into the contamination depositional history of Nankan River and could be similarly applied to other river systems to determine the scale of anthropogenic contamination.

Sediment transport in two mediterranean regulated rivers.

Science.gov (United States)

Lobera, G; Batalla, R J; Vericat, D; López-Tarazón, J A; Tena, A

2016-01-01

Mediterranean climate is characterized by highly irregular rainfall patterns with marked differences between wet and dry seasons which lead to highly variable hydrological fluvial regimes. As a result, and in order to ensure water availability and reduce its temporal variability, a high number of large dams were built during the 20th century (more than 3500 located in Mediterranean rivers). Dams modify the flow regime but also interrupt the continuity of sediment transfer along the river network, thereby changing its functioning as an ecosystem. Within this context, the present paper aims to assess the suspended sediment loads and dynamics of two climatically contrasting Mediterranean regulated rivers (i.e. the Ésera and Siurana) during a 2-yr period. Key findings indicate that floods were responsible for 92% of the total suspended sediment load in the River Siurana, while this percentage falls to 70% for the Ésera, indicating the importance of baseflows on sediment transport in this river. This fact is related to the high sediment availability, with the Ésera acting as a non-supply-limited catchment due to the high productivity of the sources (i.e. badlands). In contrast, the Siurana can be considered a supply-limited system due to its low geomorphic activity and reduced sediment availability, with suspended sediment concentration remaining low even for high magnitude flood events. Reservoirs in both rivers reduce sediment load up to 90%, although total runoff is only reduced in the case of the River Ésera. A remarkable fact is the change of the hydrological character of the River Ésera downstream for the dam, shifting from a humid mountainous river regime to a quasi-invariable pattern, whereas the Siurana experiences the opposite effect, changing from a flashy Mediterranean river to a more constant flow regime below the dam. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Hipertensão arterial em idosos: prevalência, fatores associados e práticas de controle no Município de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zaitune Maria Paula do Amaral

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência da hipertensão arterial referida em idosos de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, identificando os fatores associados, o uso de serviços de saúde e o conhecimento e as práticas quanto às opções do tratamento. Trata-se de estudo transversal, de base populacional, com amostra de conglomerados, estratificada e em múltiplos estágios. A análise dos dados referentes aos 426 indivíduos (sessenta anos e mais levou em conta o desenho amostral e o efeito do delineamento. A prevalência de hipertensão foi de 51,8% (46,4% nos homens e 55,9% nas mulheres e mostrou-se mais elevada em idosos: com menor escolaridade (55,9%, migrantes de outros estados (60,2% e com sobrepeso ou obesidade (57,2%. Os resultados indicam que os serviços de saúde estão garantindo o acesso ao atendimento médico (71,6% visitam o médico regularmente e aos medicamentos (86,7% tomam medicamento de rotina, sem distinção de nível sócio-econômico. Persistem, no entanto, desigualdades sociais quanto ao conhecimento e utilização de outras práticas de controle da pressão arterial, como dieta adequada e atividade física, que são insuficientemente utilizadas também pelos segmentos socialmente mais favorecidos.

Assessing the Global Extent of Rivers Observable by SWOT

Science.gov (United States)

Pavelsky, T.; Durand, M. T.; Andreadis, K.; Beighley, E.; Allen, G. H.; Miller, Z.

2013-12-01

Flow of water through rivers is among the key fluxes in the global hydrologic cycle and its knowledge would advance the understanding of flood hazards, water resources management, ecology, and climate. However, gauges providing publicly accessible measurements of river stage or discharge remain sparse in many regions. The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite mission is a joint project of NASA and the French Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) that would provide the first high-resolution images of simultaneous terrestrial water surface height, inundation extent, and ocean surface elevation. Among SWOT's primary goals is the direct observation of variations in river water surface elevation and, where possible, estimation of river discharge from SWOT measurements. The mission science requirements specify that rivers wider than 100 m would be observed globally, with a goal of observing rivers wider than 50m. However, the extent of anticipated SWOT river observations remains fundamentally unknown because no high-resolution, global dataset of river widths exists. Here, we estimate the global extent of rivers wider than 50 m-100 m thresholds using established relationships among river width, discharge, and drainage area. We combine a global digital elevation model with in situ river discharge data to estimate the global extent of SWOT-observable rivers, and validate these estimates against satellite-derived measurements of river width in two large river basins (the Yukon and the Ohio). We then compare the extent of SWOT-observed rivers with the current publicly-available, global gauge network included in the Global Runoff Data Centre (GRDC) database to examine the impact of SWOT on the availability of river observation over continental and global scales. Results suggest that if SWOT observes 100 m wide rivers, river basins with areas greater than 50,000 km2 will commonly be measured. If SWOT could observe 50 m wide rivers, then most 10,000 km2 basins

High prevalence of multiple-antibiotic-resistant (MAR) Escherichia coli in river bed sediments of the Apies River, South Africa

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Abia, ALK

2015-10-01

Full Text Available This study aimed at investigating the presence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli in river bed sediments of the Apies River, Gauteng, South Africa, in order to better inform health management decisions designed to protect users of the river...

Urban rivers as hotspots of regional nitrogen pollution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang, Xiaohong; Wu, Yiyun; Gu, Baojing

2015-01-01

Excess nitrogen inputs to terrestrial ecosystems via human activities have deteriorated water qualities on regional scales. Urban areas as settlements of over half global population, however, were usually not considered in the analysis of regional water pollution. Here, we used a 72-month monitoring data of water qualities in Hangzhou, China to test the role of urban rives in regional nitrogen pollution and how they response to the changes of human activities. Concentrations of ammonium nitrogen in urban rivers were 3–5 times higher than that in regional rivers. Urban rivers have become pools of reactive nitrogen and hotspots of regional pollution. Moreover, this river pollution is not being measured by current surface water monitoring networks that are designed to measure broader regional patterns, resulting in an underestimation of regional pollution. This is crucial to urban environment not only in China, but also in other countries, where urban rivers are seriously polluted. - Highlights: • Nitrogen concentrations in urban rivers are much higher than that in regional rivers. • Domestic wastewater is the main source of urban river pollution in Hangzhou. • Pollutant collecting and water diversion can sharply reduce the urban river pollution. - Urban river pollution is not being measured by the current monitoring networks that are designed to measure regional patterns causing an underestimation

Simulated flow and solute transport, and mitigation of a hypothetical soluble-contaminant spill for the New River in the New River Gorge National River, West Virginia

Science.gov (United States)

Wiley, J.B.

1993-01-01

This report presents the results of a study by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the National Park Service, to investigate the transport and factors affecting mitigation of a hypothetical spill of a soluble contaminant into the New River in the New River Gorge National River, West Virginia. The study reach, 53 miles of the lower New River between Hinton and Fayette, is characterized as a pool-and-riffle stream that becomes narrower, steeper, and deeper in the downstream direction. A USGS unsteady-flow model, DAFLOW (Diffusion Analogy FLOW), and a USGS solute-transport model, BLTM (Branch Lagrangian Transport Model), were applied to the study reach. Increases in discharge caused decreases in peak concentration and traveltime of peak concentration. Decreases in discharge caused increases in peak concentration and traveltime of peak concentration. This study indicated that the effects of an accidental spill could be mitigated by regulating discharge from Bluestone Dam. Knowledge of the chemical characteristics of the spill, location and time of the spill, and discharge of the river can aid in determining a mitigation response.

Using GIS to appraise structural control of the river bottom morphology near hydrotechnical objects on Alluvial rivers

Science.gov (United States)

Habel, Michal; Babinski, Zygmunt; Szatten, Dawid

2017-11-01

The paper presents the results of analyses of structural changes of the Vistula River bottom, in a section of direct influence of the bridge in Torun (Northern Poland) fitted with one pier in the form of a central island. The pier limits a free water flow by reducing the active width of the riverbed by 12%. In 2011, data on the bottom morphology was collected, i.e. before commencing bridge construction works, throughout the whole building period - 38 measurements. Specific river depth measurements are carried out with SBES and then bathymetric maps are drawn up every two months. The tests cover the active Vistula river channel of 390 - 420 metres in width, from 730+40 to 732+30 river kilometre. The paper includes the results of morphometric analyses of vertical and horizontal changes of the river bottom surrounded by the bridge piers. The seasonality of scour holes and inclination of accumulative forms (sand bars) in the relevant river reach was analysed. Morphometric analyses were performed on raster bases with GIS tools, including the Map Algebra algorithm. The obtained results shown that scour holes/pools of up to 10 metres in depth and exceeding 1200 metres in length are formed in the tested river segment. Scour holes within the pier appeared in specific periods. Constant scour holes were found at the riverbank, and the rate of their movement down the river was 0.6 to 1.3 m per day. The tests are conducted as part of a project ordered by the City of Torun titled `Monitoring Hydrotechniczny Inwestycji Mostowej 2011 - 2014' (Hydrotechnical Monitoring of the Bridge Investment, period 2011 - 2014).

Correlation between river slope and meandering variability (obtained by DGPS data) and morphotectonics for two Andean tributaries of the Amazon river: the case of Beni (Bolivia) and Napo (Ecuador-Peru) rivers.

Science.gov (United States)

Bourrel, L.; Darrozes, J.; Guyot, J.; Christophoul, F.; Bondoux, F.

2007-05-01

The Beni river drains a catchment area of 282 000 km2 of which 40 percent are located in the Cordillera of the Bolivian and Peruvian Andes, and the rest in the Amazonian plain : the studied reaches runs from Guanay (Andean Piedmont) to Riberalta (junction with Madre de Dios river) that represents a distance by the river of 1055 km. The Napo river starts in the Ecuadorian Andes and leaves Ecuador in Nuevo Rocafuerte (27 400 km2) and enters in Peru until its junction with the Amazon river : the studied section runs from Misahualli (Andean Piedmont) to this junction, that represents a distance by the river of 995 km. The GPS data were acquired using a mobile GPS embarked on a boat and 4 fixed bases located along the Beni river, 6 along the Napo river and the two rivers profile calculated from post-treated differential GPS solutions. For the Beni river, two sectors were identified: - the upstream sector (~230 km) between Guanay (414 m) and 50 km downstream Rurrenabaque (245 m) is located in Andean Piedmont, which consists in a series of thrusts associated with anticlines and synclines (the subandean zone), and presents slope values range between 135 cm/km and 10 cm/km and an average index of sinuosity (IS) of 1.29, - the downstream sector (~ 820 km) which runs in Amazonian plain (until Riberalta -165 m-), is characterized by an average slope of 8 cm/km and an average IS of 2.06 (this sector is much more homogeneous and the Beni river shows a meandering channel). For the Napo River, three sectors were identified: - the first sector (~140 km) between Misahualli (401 m) and Coca (265 m), is located in Andean Piedmont (subandean zone) and presents slope values range between 170 cm/km and 30 cm/km and an average IS of 1.6, - the second sector (~250 km) between Coca (when the Napo river enters in the Amazonian plain) and Nuevo Rocafuerte (190 m), presents slope values range between 30 cm/km and 20 cm/km and an average IS of 1.2, and a convex-up shape profile corresponding to

The current content of artificial radionuclides in the water of the Tobol-Irtysh river system (from the mouth of the Iset River to the confluence with the Ob River)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nikitin, Alexander I. [SI RPA ' Typhoon' of the Roshydromet, 82, Lenin avenue, Obninsk, Kaluga region 249038 (Russian Federation)]. E-mail: nikitin@typhoon.obninsk.ru; Chumichev, Vladimir B. [SI RPA ' Typhoon' of the Roshydromet, 82, Lenin avenue, Obninsk, Kaluga region 249038 (Russian Federation); Valetova, Nailia K. [SI RPA ' Typhoon' of the Roshydromet, 82, Lenin avenue, Obninsk, Kaluga region 249038 (Russian Federation); Katrich, Ivan Yu. [SI RPA ' Typhoon' of the Roshydromet, 82, Lenin avenue, Obninsk, Kaluga region 249038 (Russian Federation); Kabanov, Alexander I. [SI RPA ' Typhoon' of the Roshydromet, 82, Lenin avenue, Obninsk, Kaluga region 249038 (Russian Federation); Dunaev, Gennady E. [SI RPA ' Typhoon' of the Roshydromet, 82, Lenin avenue, Obninsk, Kaluga region 249038 (Russian Federation); Shkuro, Valentina N. [SI RPA ' Typhoon' of the Roshydromet, 82, Lenin avenue, Obninsk, Kaluga region 249038 (Russian Federation); Rodin, Victor M. [Tobolsk Biological Station of RAS, 15, Voikov street, Tobolsk, Tyumen region 626150 (Russian Federation); Mironenko, Alexander N. [Tobolsk Biological Station of RAS, 15, Voikov street, Tobolsk, Tyumen region 626150 (Russian Federation); Kireeva, Elena V. [Tobolsk Biological Station of RAS, 15, Voikov street, Tobolsk, Tyumen region 626150 (Russian Federation)

2007-07-15

Data on content of {sup 90}Sr, {sup 137}Cs, {sup 239,240}Pu and {sup 3}H in water of the Tobol-Irtysh part of the Techa-Iset-Tobol-Irtysh-Ob river system (through which the 'Mayak' PA radioactive wastes are transported) are presented and discussed. The data were received in 2004-2005 under the ISTC project on radioecological monitoring of the Tobol and Irtysh rivers. Monthly observations of {sup 137}Cs, {sup 90}Sr and {sup 3}H content in water in the area of the Tobol and Irtysh confluence have been conducted starting from May 2004. To obtain information on the investigated river system as a whole, the radioecological survey of the Tobol and Irtysh rivers at the section from the mouth of the Iset River to the confluence with the Ob River was carried out in 2004. It is shown that the impact of 'Mayak' PA waste transport by {sup 90}Sr is distinctly traced as far as the area of the Irtysh and Ob confluence.

Columbia River Pathway Dosimetry Report, 1944-1992

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Farris, W.T.; Napier, B.A.; Simpson, J.C.; Snyder, S.F.; Shipler, D.B.

1994-04-01

The purpose of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) Project is to estimate the radiation dose that individuals could have received as a result of radionuclide emissions since 1944 from the Hanford Site. One objective of the HEDR Project is to estimate doses to individuals who were exposed to the radionuclides released to the Columbia River (the river pathway). This report documents the last in a series of dose calculations conducted on the Columbia River pathway. The report summarizes the technical approach used to estimate radiation doses to three classes of representative individuals who may have used the Columbia River as a source of drinking water, food, or for recreational or occupational purposes. In addition, the report briefly explains the approaches used to estimate the radioactivity released to the river, the development of the parameters used to model the uptake and movement of radioactive materials in aquatic systems such as the Columbia River, and the method of calculating the Columbia River's transport of radioactive materials. Potential Columbia River doses have been determined for representative individuals since the initiation of site activities in 1944. For this report, dose calculations were performed using conceptual models and computer codes developed for the purpose of estimating doses. All doses were estimated for representative individuals who share similar characteristics with segments of the general population

WATER POLLUTION AND RIVER ALGAE: STUDY IN ZAYANDEH ROOD RIVER – ISFAHAN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

H POUR MOGHADAS

2001-06-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Dischange of domestic, agricultural and industrial waste water into the rivers increase chemical substances such as nitrate and phosphate. These chemical changes increase algal population. High density of algae may cause changes in color, odor and taste of water. Some of the algae such as Oscillatoria, Microcystis and Anabeana produce toxins and in high concentrations may kill fishes. While Zayandehrud river is considered as one of the main water supply sources for drinking water and valuable water resources of Isfahan Province, water quality control of this river is important. The study of algae of the river in relation with the concentration of nitrate and phosphate is the purpose of this research project. Methods: To perform this projects, seven sampling stations from "Pole Vahid" to .Pole choom. were selected. Grab methods were used for sampling of the river water. 147 water samples were collected in one year of the study.The samples were analyzed for phosphate, nitrate and genera of the algae. Nitrate and phosphate of the water samples were determined using Phenol Disulfonic Acid and Stanous chloride methods, respectively. The genera of the algae were detennined using the keys. Results and Disccusion:The result of the study showed that the frequency of the algae increased with increasing nitrate and phosphate. Overall.35 genera of algae in the area of the study were observed, which six of them were indicators of water pollution. Minimum frequency of indicators of pollution was observed in the enterance of Isfahan city and maximum frequency was observed after the discharge of municipal water from waste water treatment plant (pole Choom.

River water quality modelling under drought situations – the Turia River case

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. Paredes-Arquiola

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Drought and water shortage effects are normally exacerbated due to collateral impacts on water quality, since low streamflow affects water quality in rivers and water uses depend on it. One of the most common problems during drought conditions is maintaining a good water quality while securing the water supply to demands. This research analyses the case of the Turia River Water Resource System located in Eastern Spain. Its main water demand comes as urban demand from Valencia City, which intake is located in the final stretch of the river, where streamflow may become very low during droughts. As a result, during drought conditions concentrations of pathogens and other contaminants increase, compromising the water supply to Valencia City. In order to define possible solutions for the above-mentioned problem, we have developed an integrated model for simulating water management and water quality in the Turia River Basin to propose solutions for water quality problems under water scarcity. For this purpose, the Decision Support System Shell AQUATOOL has been used. The results demonstrate the importance of applying environmental flows as a measure of reducing pollutant's concentration depending on the evolution of a drought event and the state of the water resources system.

Studies of Columbia River water quality

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Onishi, Y.; Johanson, P.A.; Baca, R.G.; Hilty, E.L.

1976-01-01

The program to study the water quality of the Columbia River consists of two separate segments: sediment and radionuclide transport and temperature analysis. Quasi-two dimensional (longitudinal and vertical directions) mathematical simulation models were developed for determining radionuclide inventories, their variations with time, and movements of sediments and individual radionuclides in the freshwater region of the Columbia River below Priest Rapids Dam. These codes are presently being applied to the river reach between Priest Rapids and McNary Dams for the initial sensitivity analysis. In addition, true two-dimensional (longitudinal and lateral directions) models were formulated and are presently being programmed to provide more detailed information on sediment and radionuclide behavior in the river. For the temperature analysis program, river water temperature data supplied by the U. S. Geological Survey for six ERDA-sponsored temperature recording stations have been analyzed and cataloged on storage devices associated with ERDA's CDC 6600 located at Richland, Washington

The River Danube: An Examination of Navigation on the River

Science.gov (United States)

Cooper, R. W.

One of the definitions of Navigation that gets little attention in this Institute is (Oxford English Dictionary), and which our French friends call La Navigation. I have always found this subject fascinating, and have previously navigated the Rivers Mekong, Irrawaddy, Hooghly, Indus, Shatt-al-Arab, Savannah and RhMainKanal (RMDK) and the River Danube, a distance of approximately 4000 km. This voyage has only recently become possible with the opening of the connecting RMDK at the end of 1992, but has been made little use of because of the civil war in the former Yugoslavia.

CLEAN RIVER PROGRAM AT KALIGARANG CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE