Absolute measurement of {beta} activities and application to the determination of neutronic densities; Mesure absolue d'activites {beta} et application a la determination des densites neutronique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cohen, R [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Lab. du Fort de Chatillon, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1951-01-15

M. Berthelot, to my entrance to the ''Commissariat a l 'Energie Atomique'', proposed me to study the absolute measurement of neutron densities. Very quickly the problem of the absolute activity of {beta} sources became the central object of this work. In a first part, we will develop the methods of absolute determination for {beta} activities. The use of a 4{pi} counter permits to get the absolute activity of all beta radioactive source, susceptible to be put as thin leaf and of period superior than some minutes. The method is independent of the spectra of the measured radioelement. we will describe in the second part some applications which use neutron densities measurement, neutron sources intensities and ratio of cross sections of capture of thermal neutrons. (M.B.) [French] M. Berthelot, a mon entree au ''Commissariat a l 'Energie Atomique'', m'a propose d'etudier la mesure absolue des densites neutroniques. Tres rapidement le probleme de l'activite absolue des sources beta est devenu l'objet central de ce travail. Dans une premiere partie, on abordera les methodes de determination absolue des activites beta. L'utilisation d'un compteur 4{pi} permet d 'obtenir l'activite absolue de toute source radioactive beta, susceptible d'etre mise sous forme de feuille mince et de periode superieure a quelques minutes. La methode est independante du spectre du radioelement mesure. On decrira dans la seconde partie quelques applications a des mesures de densites neutroniques, d'intensites de sources de neutrons et de rapport de sections efficaces de capture de neutrons thermiques. (M.B.)

Automatic measuring device for atomic oxygen concentrations (1962); Dispositif de mesure automatique de concentrations d'oxygene atomique (1962)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Weill, J; Deiss, M; Mercier, R [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1962-07-01

Within the framework of the activities of the Autonomous Reactor Electronics Section we have developed a device, which renders automatic one type of measurement carried out in the Physical Chemistry Department at the Saclay Research Centre. We define here: - the physico-chemical principle of the apparatus which is adapted to the measurement of atomic oxygen concentrations; - the physical principle of the automatic measurement; - the properties, performance, constitution, use and maintenance of the automatic measurement device. It is concluded that the principle of the automatic device, whose tests have confirmed the estimation of the theoretical performance, could usefully be adapted to other types of measurement. (authors) [French] Dans le cadre des activites de la Section Autonome d'Electronique des Reacteurs, il a ete realise et mis au point un dispositif permettant de rendre automatique un type de mesures effectuees au Departement de Physico-Chimie du C.E.N. SACLAY. On definit ici: - le principe physico-chimique de l'appareillage, adapte a la mesure de concentrations de l'oxygene atomique; - le principe physique de la mesure automatique; - les qualites, performances, constitution, utilisation, et maintenance du dispositif de mesure automatique. Il est porte en conclusion, que le principe du dispositif automatique realise, dont les essais ont sensiblement confirme l'evaluation des performances theoriques, pourrait etre utilement adapte a d'autres types de mesures courantes. (auteurs)

Absolute measurement of {beta} activities and application to the determination of neutronic densities; Mesure absolue d'activites {beta} et application a la determination des densites neutronique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cohen, R. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Lab. du Fort de Chatillon, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1951-01-15

M. Berthelot, to my entrance to the ''Commissariat a l 'Energie Atomique'', proposed me to study the absolute measurement of neutron densities. Very quickly the problem of the absolute activity of {beta} sources became the central object of this work. In a first part, we will develop the methods of absolute determination for {beta} activities. The use of a 4{pi} counter permits to get the absolute activity of all beta radioactive source, susceptible to be put as thin leaf and of period superior than some minutes. The method is independent of the spectra of the measured radioelement. we will describe in the second part some applications which use neutron densities measurement, neutron sources intensities and ratio of cross sections of capture of thermal neutrons. (M.B.) [French] M. Berthelot, a mon entree au ''Commissariat a l 'Energie Atomique'', m'a propose d'etudier la mesure absolue des densites neutroniques. Tres rapidement le probleme de l'activite absolue des sources beta est devenu l'objet central de ce travail. Dans une premiere partie, on abordera les methodes de determination absolue des activites beta. L'utilisation d'un compteur 4{pi} permet d 'obtenir l'activite absolue de toute source radioactive beta, susceptible d'etre mise sous forme de feuille mince et de periode superieure a quelques minutes. La methode est independante du spectre du radioelement mesure. On decrira dans la seconde partie quelques applications a des mesures de densites neutroniques, d'intensites de sources de neutrons et de rapport de sections efficaces de capture de neutrons thermiques. (M.B.)

Cleansing methodology of sites and its applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

De Moura, Patrick; Dubot, Didier; Faure, Vincent; Attiogbe, Julien; Jeannee, Nicolas; Desnoyers, Yvon

2009-01-01

The Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA, French Atomic Energy Commission) has set up over the last 10 years an innovative methodology aiming at characterizing radiological contaminations. The application of the latter relies on various tools such as expertise vehicles with impressive detection performances (VEgAS) and recently developed software platform called Kartotrak. A Geographic Information System tailored to radiological needs constitutes the heart of the platform; it is surrounded by several modules aiming at sampling optimization (Stratege), data analysis and geostatistical modeling (Krigeo), real-time monitoring (Kartotrak- RT) and validation of cleaning efficiency (Pescar). This paper presents the different tools which provide exhaustive instruments for the follow-up of decontamination projects, from doubt removal to the verification of the decontamination process. (authors)

Monitoring system for detection of radioactive materials in trucks at Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA-France)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Levelut, M.N.

1998-01-01

Radiation Monitoring to control the radioactivity in vehicles and trucks are in use inside the sites of Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique. The first function of these monitoring systems in the detection of radioactive source or contaminated materials inside all loads of vehicles, before going out the nuclear site for the discharge of their materials either in a proper waste disposal or in an industrial site for material recycling. Other radioactive controls are conducted for nuclear materials and radioactive wastes. The radiation monitoring system use 4 to 6 plastic scintillators mounted vertically on each side of the roadway near the truck and horizontally, above or below the vehicle. The functional components also include a microprocessor for processing the signals and algorithms for interpreting the data transmitted to the control unit. This system functions in a dynamic mode; radiation is detected while the truck is in motion taking a series of incremental observations based on a differential count rate with the respect to the background. Vehicle scan information is printed out on a ticket specifying the result of the control. In case of unexpected radiation, an alarm is emitted. The vehicle is submitted to further investigations to find the source with a hand held instrument, analyse the radionuclides by spectrometry and find its origin in order to manage the corrective actions. The paper describes the system named > (Controle de la Radioactivite des Chargements de Vehicules), its sensitivity and the results of routine monitoring for several years. Few examples of radiation alarm are developed. (author)

The Text of the Agreement between Belgium, Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, the European Atomic Energy Community and the Agency in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons; Texte de l'Accord entre la Belgique, le Danemark, la Republique Federale d' Allemagne, l'Irlande, l'Italie, le Luxembourg, les Pays-Bas, la Communaute Europeenne de l'En-Ergie Atomique et L'Agence En Application Du Traite Sur La Non-Proliferation Des Armes Nucleaires

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1973-09-14

The text of the Agreement, and of the Protocol thereto, between Belgium, Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, the European Atomic Energy Community and the Agency in implementation of Article III (1) and (4) of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (reproduced in document INFCIRC/140) is reproduced in this document for the information of all Members [French] Le texte de l'Accord, ainsi que celui du Protocole qui y est joint, entre la Belgique, le Danemark, la Republique fdrale d'Allemae, l'Irlande, l'Italie, le Luxembourg, les Pays-Bas, la Communaute europenne de l'energie atomique et l'Agence condu en application des paragraphes 1 et 4 de l'article III du Traite sur la non proliferation des armes nucleaires sont reproduits dans le present document pour l'information de tous les Membres.

The atomic energy course of the 'Institut National des Sciences et Techniques nucleaires' at the centre d'Etudes Nucleaires at Saclay; L'enseignement de genie atomique de l'Institut national des Sciences et Techniques nucleaires au Centre d'Etudes nucleaires de Saclay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baissas, H [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1958-07-01

1- Reasons for its creation. The Electricite de France, and industries interested in the development of atomic energy, have requested the Commissariat a l'Energie atomique to train scientists who will be able to study pile planning and to be in charge of their construction. 2- Recruiting and enrolment fees. The demand for enrolment has always exceeded the possibilities. This year the courses have been attended by 74 permanent students, including 20 foreigners, and some hundred part-time listeners. All students are already scientists or have high university qualifications. Enrot fees: 250 000 F for students, 125 000 F for part-time attendance. 3- Organisation of the teaching. This consists of two branches: physics and chemistry, and in each branch: some hundred lectures, some thirty sessions of practical work, periods of work in the departments, study of a reactor project by a group of 4 or 5 students. The course takes place during the university year 1 november to 14 july. 4- Qualifications. A final examination, combining the results from two theoretical tests, from the practical work, from the period of work in the establishment and from the reactor project leads to a diploma in atomic energy. In reality new scientists are not produced, a new mention is merely added to a diploma already held. Results have always been excellent; the percentage of failures is very small. 5- Placing of graduates. They all return to their original industries, who have paid their salaries and enrolment fees whilst giving up their services during the 9 months duration of the course. 6- Similar ventures. A similar course has been created at the C.F.N. Grenoble. Whilst the Saclay course is particularly for scientists already working, that at Grenoble is destined in principle for young scientists leaving college. 7- Conclusion. This organization is satisfactory both for the students and the industries. The C.E.A. works towards yearly improvement, and hopes to welcome large numbers of

CARAIBES: the use of a relational data base management system framework to take account radioactive waste produced by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pantera, L.

2008-01-01

The French nuclear waste regulation requires the classification of nuclear waste into several categories according to the radioactive activity and the nature of the isotopes. The research carried out in the laboratories of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) only generates nuclear waste belonging to categories A and B. The waste from category A is divided into two sub-categories: Very Low Level Activity and Low Activity. The waste from category B corresponds to Intermediate Level Activity. According to this classification, a set of constraints to be respected for the processing of the packaging has been established in order to authorize the storage in a final surface repository. These constraints are very drastic and the repositories are managed by an independent institute: the facilities sending the waste to the repositories are regularly audited in order to control the compliance of the final packaging in terms of activity and nature of the waste. Furthermore, there are several kinds of packaging (from big bags to big containers). For each of them, depending on the waste category to be put inside, all the possible verifications and measurements have to be carried out to be sure that the agreement is entirely respected. It is not always easy to control the entire life cycle of waste. First of all, waste is generated in the laboratories of every research centre, which initiates the process of selection of an appropriate repository. In order to reduce the volume of waste, it is often compacted, then solidified in concrete or bitumen, and finally put into a form of packaging, thus making it possible to send it to a repository. Besides the audits of the waste producers, statistical controls are carried out at the repository. When the acceptability framework is not respected, all the shipments are immediately forbidden for the all laboratories, of the concerned centre, for an unspecified period. The consequences are disastrous, both concerning the financial

Performances evaluation of the PHARAO atomic fountain: participation to the study of the PHARAO space clock; Evaluation des performances de la fontaine atomique PHARAO, participation a l'etude de l'horloge spatiale PHARAO

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abgrall, M

2003-01-01

The performances of an atomic frequency standard depend drastically on the observation time of the atoms. The interrogation of laser cooled atoms allows to obtain about half a second interaction time in a fountain geometry. This duration could be much more varied in absence of gravity, and would allow a better trade-off between stability and accuracy. The application of this principle is the aim of the PHARAO project, that should attend to the ACES mission planned in 2006 onboard the International Space Station. The first part of this thesis deals with the cold Cs{sup 133} PHARAO fountain. This clock stems from the transformation of a space clock prototype previously tested in microgravity. A detailed evaluation of the whole frequency shifts has been carried out, reaching a 7.7 10{sup -16} accuracy and a 1.7 10{sup -13}{tau}{sup -1/2} short term stability. These values are obtained for 4 10{sup 5} detected atoms, that provides a good stability-accuracy trade-off. This transportable fountain, built at BNM-SYRTE, has been operating at MPQ in Munich (Germany). The collaboration between the 2 laboratories gave a {approx} 10 improvement factor on the measurement accuracy (1.8 10{sup -14}) for the 1S - 2S two photons hydrogen transition. In a second part of this thesis, we present the characterisation of 2 elements of the PHARAO space clock: the construction of a standard extended cavity laser and the test of the phase symmetry between the two interrogating areas of the space cavity. (author)

Study of the dispersion phenomena connected with the absorption by recoilless nuclear resonance fluorescence; Etude des phenomenes de dispersion lies a l'absorption resonnante sans recul des noyaux atomiques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Imbert, P [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1965-12-01

In nuclear resonance fluorescence as in the optical field abnormal dispersion curves are related to the absorption lines. It is possible, by using quadrupolar or magnetic splitting of the line in the case of recoilless resonance fluorescence (Moessbauer effect) to obtain differential dispersion effects between the two orthogonal linear or the two inverse circular components of the incident gamma radiation. These effects induce bi-refraction phenomena or Faraday rotation on the gamma beam, which have been studied on Fe-57 enriched absorbers. (author) [French] Comme dans le domaine optique, aux raies d'absorption de fluorescence resonnante des noyaux atomiques sont associees des courbes de dispersion anormale. Les decompositions des raies d'absorption de fluorescence resonnante sans recul (raies Moessbauer) par couplage quadrupolaire ou effet Zeeman permettent d'obtenir des effets dispersifs differentiels entre composantes lineaires orthogonales ou circulaires inverses du rayonnement gamma incident. Ces effets se traduisent par des phenomenes de birefringence ou de rotation Faraday, qui ont pu etre etudies sur des milieux enrichis en fer-57. (auteur)

Solar club

CERN Multimedia

Solar club

2011-01-01

10e anniversaire de la Fontaine solaire  Le 17 octobre 2001, devant la terrasse du restaurant n° 1 du site de Meyrin, le Club solaire du CERN inaugurait sa Fontaine solaire. Cela fait 10 ans maintenant qu’elle reproduit été comme hiver et en miniature le Jet d’eau de Genève ! Quel physicien, ingénieur, technicien, employé ou visiteur (grand ou petit) ne la connaît pas, ne l'a pas photographiée ou n'a pas expérimenté la réaction de son jet d’eau (avec la balle jaune dessus) en pivotant ou masquant de la main son panneau photovoltaïque ? La Fontaine solaire promeut de façon ludique les énergies renouvelables, en l’occurrence ici celle issue du soleil par la voie photovoltaïque. Elle a été conçue et réalisée par William van Sprolan...

Treatment of lower extremity arterial occlusive through retrograde access

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Xueqiang; Guo Pingfan; Zhang Jinchi; Cai Fanggang

2012-01-01

Objective: To explore the clinical significance of retrograde access for the interventional treatment of lower extremity arterial occlusive diseases when the occluded segment of lower extremity artery could not be reached through antegrade access. Methods: Twenty-seven cases (male 17, female 10; age range 32-89 years) were retrospectively investigated, including 18 with lower limb arteriosclerosis obliterans, 7 with diabetic foot and 2 with thromboangiitis obliterans. According to the Fontaine staging, 6 cases were classified as Fontaine Ⅱ, 11 were classified as Fontaine Ⅲ and 10 were classified as Fontaine Ⅳ. All cases underwent endovascular operation through antegrade access first with an attempt to cross the occlusive segment, but in vain. So retrograde access was tried via puncture of pedis dorsalis or posterior tibial artery or exposure of lateral branches of posterior tibial artery, peroneal artery or dorsal artery by open surgery,which followed by Percutaneous transluminal angiography and (or) stenting. Results: The operation through retrograde access was successful in all cases with obvious improvement of ischemic symptoms. Hematoma at the puncture site occurred in 3 patients, and paresthesia of toes occurred in 1 after dorsalis pedis arteriotomy. No severe perioperative complication occurred. The average ankle brachial index increased from 0.37 ± 0.11 preoperatively to 0.85 ± 0.12 postoperatively. Conclusions: Retrograde access could be used as an alternative strategy in lower extremity arterial occlusive diseases when the occluded segment could not reach through antegrade access. (authors)

Production and use artificial radioelements in France; Production et utilisation des radioelements artificiels en France

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fisher, C; Cassin, L [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1958-07-01

The aim of this report is to give a picture of the French accomplishment in the field of artificial radioelement production, and to review their uses up to march 31, 1958. The Commissariat a l'Energie atomique plays a major role in this work, accounting for practically the whole of the French production, centralising the imports, helping to control the distribution and contributing to research on, and development of, new applications. (author)Fren. [French] Ce rapport a pour but de presenter l'ensemble des realisations francaises dans le domaine de la production des radioelements artificiels et de faire le point, a la date du 31 mars 1958, de leur utilisation. Le Commissariat a l'Energie atomique joue un role preponderant puisqu'il assure la quasi totalite de la production francaise, centralise les importations, participe au controle de la distribution et contribue a l'etude et au developpement de nouvelles applications. (auteur)

Recapitulative list of the C.E.A. reports published by the French Atomic Energy Commission (n.757-1062, december 1957-december 1958) supplement to C.E.A. reports n. 593 and 756; Liste recapitulative des rapports C.E.A. publies par le Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (du n.757 a 1062, decembre 1957-decembre 1958) complement aux rapports C.E.A. n. 593 et 756

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schmiterlow, C G; Cohen, Y [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1958-07-01

Recapitulative list of the C.E.A. reports published by the French Atomic Energy Commission. (number 757-1062, december 1957 - december 1958). Supplement to C.E.A. reports number 593 and 756. (author) [French] Liste recapitulative des rapports C.E.A. publies par le Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (du numero 757 au numero 1062, decembre 1957 - decembre 1958). Complement aux rapports C.E.A. numero 593 et 756. (auteur)

Some particular aspects of control in nuclear power reactors; Quelques aspects particuliers du controle dans les piles atomiques de puissance

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Furet, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires; Pupponi, J [Electricite de France (EDF), 75 - Paris (France)

1964-07-01

les differents laboratoires du Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et de l'Electricite de France. A - Dans le domaine de l'instrumentation, ces etudes portent actuellement sur les technologies utilisees pour le developpement des detecteurs et cables susceptibles de fonctionner a haute temperature; sous rayonnement {gamma} eleve - et sur les techniques d'electronique rapide appliquees aux chambres a fissions qui permettent de faire des mesures de flux neutronique sous rayonnement {gamma} eleve (105 R/h). B - Dans le domaine general du controle et de la securite, les difficultes de redemarrage liees aux empoisonnements par les produits de fission conduisent a des etudes approfondies sur le comportement du reacteur en regime sous-critique. Les perturbations apportees aux mesures neutroniques par le mouvement des barres de controle necessitent une nouvelle organisation des chaines de mesure et de securite neutronique faisant intervenir au niveau de puissance des parametres correcteurs tels que: puissance thermique, temperature, activation Azote 16. En ce qui concerne les demarrages rapides, deux methodes nouvelles sont decrites liees essentiellement a la mesure du taux de fissions en fonction du temps, soit dans le cas d'une liberation continue a vitesse constante et elevee de reactivite, soit dans le cas d'une liberation de reactivite par paliers. Par ailleurs, l'application des techniques de deplacement automatique des detecteurs dans le cas des demarrages normaux semblent apporter une solution rationnelle au controle et a la securite. C - Dans le cadre des techniques ci-dessus, on decrit les dispositifs retenus pour la mesure et le controle de la puissance de la pile EDF III. (auteurs)

Les phénomènes quantiques approche élémentaire et applications

CERN Document Server

Belorizky, Elie

1997-01-01

Cet ouvrage introduit les aspects quantiques du rayonnement et de la matière à partir d'expériences simples décrites en détail. Le principe d'incertitude et la notion d'onde associée à une particule sont analysés pour aboutir au concept fondamental de fonction d'onde et formuler les postulats de base de la mécanique ondulatoire, puis établir la célèbre équation de Schrödinger. L'ensemble est illustré par quelques applications sur les puits de potentiel, l'effet tunnel, la radioactivité, la structure atomique et les résultats récents concernant les constituants élémentaires de la matière, les interactions fondamentales, le rayonnement cosmique de l'Univers ou encore les interférences quantiques induites par la gravitation.

Disposal of the radioactive effluents at the 'Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique'. Treatment leading to evacuation into a river

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Duhamel; Menoux; Candillon

1958-01-01

1) The problems dealing with the treatment of the radioactive effluents at the 'Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique' have been studied in order to allow evacuation into a river - after treatment - with respect for the standards regarding radiation protection. 2) At Saclay where there is no possibility of evacuating the effluents, the liquids are directed towards Fontenay-aux-Roses by means of tank wagons. They are removed temporarily into the sewers and will be evacuated later on into the Seine. 3) ln Le Bouchet, the effluents coming from the Factory where urano-thorianite ore is treated will undergo a two stages treatment. The elimination of radium in the first phase facilitates decontamination in the second phase. 4) In Marcoule: a study of synthetic effluents of the Marcoule type is being carried on in order to perfect a selective elimination method of Sr 90 and Cs 137 by coprecipitation. 5) In the general case of the final evacuation into a river, the following problems have been studied: - pre-dilution of treated waters between the storing tanks and the river; - admission in the river; dilution in the river (preliminary study by means of a tracer); - evolution of the activity in the water of the river (adsorption by inert or living elements), contamination of the banks; - locating of the site; - isotopic dilution. 6) Circumstantial study of that last problem. 7) The quantity of a given product in water conditions the isotopic dilution of its radioactive isotopes. When the analysis shows the lack of an element, stable isotopes should be added in order to compensate it. 8) That method led to difficult analysis (specially as far as Sr 90 is concerned), for the percentage of stable isotopes necessary to an important isotopic dilution is very low. 9) The standard regarding the quantity of Sr 90 in drinking water is 8.10 -8 c/m 3 or 4.10 -10 g/m 3 . So a percentage of 40 μg/litre of Sr is enough which is difficult to find out in loaded water, 10) Important elements

{alpha} Spectroscopy by the method of grid ionization grid chamber, application to the case of uranium; Spectrographie {alpha} par la methode de la chambre d'ionisation a grille application a l'uranium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sayag, G J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1951-06-15

Le present work had for aim the verification of the operating of an equipment: chamber of grid ionization, amplifiers and discriminator with nine channels, constructed by the, Commissariat a l'energie Atomique to serve for the {alpha} spectroscopy. To this occasion, different measurements had been done on a source of uranium: energy of the {alpha} of U{sub 234} and U{sub 235} according to those of them {alpha} of U{sub 238} taken as standard, relative intensities, of the {alpha} radiation of the three isotopes and notably of the low abundant group due to the isotope 235. (author) [French] Le present travail a eu pour objet la verification du fonctionnement d'un appareillage: chambre d'ionisation a grille, amplificateurs et discriminateur a neuf canaux, construit par le Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique pour servir a la spectroscopie {alpha}. A cette occasion, differentes mesures ont ete effectuees sur une source d'uranium: energie des {alpha} de U{sub 234} et de U{sub 235} en fonction de celle des {alpha} de U{sub 238} prise pour etalon, intensites relatives des rayonnement {alpha} des trois isotopes et notamment du groupe peu abondant du a l'isotope 235. (auteur)

Application of the geophysical and geochemical methods to the research for uranium; Application a la recherche de l'uranium des methodes geophysiques et geochimiques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gangloff, A M; Collin, C R; Grimbert, A; Sanselme, H [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1958-07-01

Since 1954, at the Commissariat a l'energie atomique, geophysics and geochemistry have been added to routine geological surveying and radiometric observations. Geophysical prospecting reveals the tectonic structures linked with French uranium deposits and gives an idea of favorable zones. Geochemistry adds to the geophysical indirect methods further details on the distribution of uranium traces in the soils. This method is direct and specific. Uranium assay in waters and alluvial deposits find its use in preliminary exploration. (author) [French] Depuis 1954, au CEA, a l'observation geologique directe et aux mesures radiometriques, sont venues s'ajouter des methodes relevant de la geophysique et de la geochimie. La prospection geophysique apporte des precisions sur les structures tectoniques auxquelles sont lies les gisements d'uranium fran is et sur la notion de zones favorables. Aux methodes indirectes de la geophysique, la prospection geochimique ajoute des precisions sur la repartition de l'uranium en traces dans les sols, cette methode est directe et specifique. Le dosage de l'uranium dans les eaux et les alluvions trouve son application dans la prospection de reconnaissance. (auteur)

Simulation of power excursions - Osiris reactor; Simulation des excursions de puissance - pile Osiris

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pascouet, A [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1964-07-01

Following the experimental work accomplished in the U.S.A. on Borax 1 and SPERT 1 and the accident of SL 1, the 'Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique' started a research program about the safety of its own swimming Pool reactors, with regard to power excursions. The first research work led to the design of programmed explosive charges, adapted to the simulation of a power excursion. This report describes the application of these methods to the investigation of Osiris safety. (author) [French] A la suite des essais effectues aux U.S.A. sur BORAX 1 et SPERT 1 et de l'accident survenu a SL 1, le Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique a lance un programme d'etudes sur la surete de ses reacteurs piscines vis-a-vis des excursions de puissance. Les premieres etudes ont abouti A la mise au point de charges programmees capables de simuler une excursion de puissance. On trouvera dans le present rapport l'application de ces methodes a l'etude de la surete d'OSIRIS. (auteur)

International Electrotechnical Commission standards and French material control standards

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Furet, J.; Weill, J.

1978-01-01

There are reported the international standards incorporated into the IEC Subcommitee 45 A (Nuclear Reactor Instrumentation) and the national standards elaborated by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, CEA, Group of normalized control equipment, the degree of application of those being reported on the base design, call of bids and exploitation of nuclear power plants. (J.E. de C)

Use of the APOLLO2 transport code for PWR assembly studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Belhaffaf, D.; Coste, M.; Lenain, R.; Mathonniere, G.; Sanchez, R.; Stankovski, Z.; Zmijarevic, I.

1992-01-01

This paper presents some validation and application aspects of the APOLLO2, user oriented, modular code for multigroup transport assembly calculation which is developed at the French Commissariat a l'Energies Atomique. The main points approached in this paper are: the two dimensional collision probability convergence, critical leakage calculation schemes, self-shielding spatial discretization, and the equivalence procedure

Application of the geophysical and geochemical methods to the research for uranium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gangloff, A.M.; Collin, C.R.; Grimbert, A.; Sanselme, H.

1958-01-01

Since 1954, at the Commissariat a l'energie atomique, geophysics and geochemistry have been added to routine geological surveying and radiometric observations. Geophysical prospecting reveals the tectonic structures linked with French uranium deposits and gives an idea of favorable zones. Geochemistry adds to the geophysical indirect methods further details on the distribution of uranium traces in the soils. This method is direct and specific. Uranium assay in waters and alluvial deposits find its use in preliminary exploration. (author) [fr

Visual arts club

CERN Multimedia

Club d'arts visuels

2013-01-01

Reprise des cours de l'atelier d'Arts Visuels du jeudi soir. Venez explorer votre potentiel de créativité à la découverte de nouvelles techniques, à la découverte de soi. Nous proposons divers sujets et diverses techniques. Votre professeur vous guide individuellement et permet donc à chacun de réaliser des œuvres uniques. Les cours ont lieu le jeudi soir de 18 à 20 heures, bâtiment 564 (baraque avant l'entrée dans le CERN). Sur demande, un cours débutants pourra être mis sur pied le mardi soir de 18 à 20 heures, même salle. Inscriptions auprès de Marie-Noëlle Fontaine (marie-noelle.fontaine@wanadoo.fr).

Dosage du mercure dans le gaz naturel par absorption atomique sans flammes Mercury Titration in Natural Gas by Flameless Atomic Absorption

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

La Villa F.

2006-11-01

Full Text Available Cet article présente la méthode mise au point par l'Institut Français du Pétrole pour déterminer par absorption atomique sans flamme, les traces de mercure métallique contenu dans un gaz naturel. La méthode d'analyse nécessite une extraction du mercure soit sous forme d'ion mercurique en faisant passer le gaz dans une solution oxydante, soit sous forme d'amalgame avec de l'or ou de l'argent. Le premier mode opératoire s'applique aux échantillons dont la concentration en mercure est supérieure à I ttg/Nm3, le second pour des concentrations inférieures à 5 pg/Nm3. Les seuils de détection sont respectivement 10 ng (en solution et 0,3 ng (en amalgame. La répétabilité pour 100 ng de mercure (en amalgame est de ± 7% pour une probabilité de.95 %. En conclusion, dans un échantillon de gaz naturel, compte tenu du volume des prélèvements effectués, il est possible de détecter des concentrations de l'ordre du nanogramme de mercure par mètre cube de gaz. This article describes the method developed by IFP using flameless atomic absorption to determine metallic mercury traces in a natural gas. The analyst method requires a mercury extraction either in the form of mercuric ions by making the gas pass through an oxidizing solution or in the form of an amalgam with gold or silver. The former operating method applies ta samples having a mercury concentration greater than I !ag/Nm3, and the latter for concentrations smaller than 5 (-Lg/Nm3. Detection thresholds are respectively 10 ng (in solution and 0.3 ng (in amalgam. The repeatability for 100 ng of mercury (in amalgam is ± 7 % with a probability of 95%. To conclude, in a sample of natural gas, considering the volume of the samples taken, it is possible ta detect concentrations in the vicinity of one nanogrom of mercury per cubic meter of gas.

Technology of extraction by solvent in pulsed columns

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ros, P.

1992-01-01

Since its creation, the CEA (Commissariat a l'energie atomique) has produced several separation processes for natural or enriched uranium treatment and the treatment of spent fuels coming from nuclear reactors. Among these technologies, extraction by solvent is broadly used for separation and purification of nuclear matters. This technology can be used for other applications as hydrometallurgy, chemistry, pharmaceutics, depollution, agro-industry

Ultra-Low Dark Current HgCdTe Detector in SWIR for Space Applications

Science.gov (United States)

Cervera, C.; Boulade, O.; Gravrand, O.; Lobre, C.; Guellec, F.; Sanson, E.; Ballet, P.; Santailler, J. L.; Moreau, V.; Zanatta, J. P.; Fieque, B.; Castelein, P.

2017-10-01

This paper presents recent developments at Commissariat à l'Energie atomique, Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information infrared laboratory on processing and characterization of p-on- n HgCdTe (MCT) planar infrared focal plane arrays (FPAs) in short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectral band for the astrophysics applications. These FPAs have been grown using both liquid phase epitaxy and molecular beam epitaxy on a lattice-matched CdZnTe substrate. This technology exhibits lower dark current and lower series resistance in comparison with n-on- p vacancy-doped architecture and is well adapted for low flux detection or high operating temperature. This architecture has been evaluated for space applications in long-wave infrared and very-long-wave infrared spectral bands with cut-off wavelengths from 10 μm up to 17 μm at 78 K and is now evaluated for the SWIR range. The metallurgical nature of the absorbing layer is also examined and both molecular beam epitaxy and liquid phase epitaxy have been investigated. Electro-optical characterizations have been performed on individual photodiodes from test arrays, whereas dark current investigation has been performed with a fully functional readout integrated circuit dedicated to low flux operations.

Screening for peripheral arterial disease

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2014-02-01

Feb 1, 2014 ... effective, the disease process or condition ... clinical classification the Fontaine or ... aimed at curbing the socio-economic burden of atherosclerotic disease and its consequences in .... recommend smoking cessation, lipid.

Frequency shift due to blackbody radiation in a cesium atomic fountain and improvement of the clock performances; Deplacement de frequence du au rayonnement du corps noir dans une fontaine atomique a cesium et amelioration des performances de l'horloge

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang, S

2004-07-01

FO1 was the first caesium fountain primary frequency standard in the world. The most recent evaluation in 2002 before improvement reached an accuracy of 1*10{sup -15} when operated with optical molasses. Working as an extremely precise and stable instrument, FO1 has contributed to fundamental physics and technical measurements: - Frequency comparison between Cs and Rb fountains over an interval of 5 years sets an upper limit for a possible variation of the fine structure constant as |alpha/alpha| < 2*10{sup -15}/y. The resolution is about 5 times better than the previous test in our laboratory. The projected accuracy of the space clock PHARAO is 1*10{sup -16}. We confirmed its Ramsey cavity performance by testing the phase difference between the two interaction zones in FO1. The measured temperature T dependent frequency shift of the Cs clock induced by the blackbody radiation field is given as nu(T)=154(6)*10{sup -6}*(T/300){sup 4}[1+{epsilon}(T/300){sup 2}] Hz with the theoretical value {epsilon} = 0,014. The obtained accuracy represents a 3 times improvement over the previous measurement by the PTB group. Some improvements have been carried out on FO1. The new FO1 version works directly with optical molasses loaded by a laser slowed atomic beam. The application of the adiabatic passage method to perform the state selection allows us to determine the atom number dependent frequency shifts due to the cold collision and cavity pulling effects at a level of of 10{sup -16}. Recently, the obtained frequency stability is 2,8*10{sup -14}*{tau}{sup -1/2} for about 4*10{sup 6} detected atoms. The accuracy is currently under evaluation, the expected value is a few times 10{sup -16}. (author)

Special graphites; Graphites speciaux

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leveque, P [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1964-07-01

A large fraction of the work undertaken jointly by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) and the Pechiney Company has been the improvement of the properties of nuclear pile graphite and the opening up of new fields of graphite application. New processes for the manufacture of carbons and special graphites have been developed: forged graphite, pyro-carbons, high density graphite agglomeration of graphite powders by cracking of natural gas, impervious graphites. The physical properties of these products and their reaction with various oxidising gases are described. The first irradiation results are also given. (authors) [French] Ameliorer les proprietes du graphite nucleaire pour empilements et ouvrir de nouveaux domaines d'application au graphite constituent une part importante de l'effort entrepris en commun par le Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) et la compagnie PECHINEY. Des procedes nouveaux de fabrication de carbones et graphites speciaux ont ete mis au point: graphite forge, pyrocarbone, graphite de haute densite, agglomeration de poudres de graphite par craquage de gaz naturel, graphites impermeables. Les proprietes physiques de ces produits ainsi que leur reaction avec differents gaz oxydants sont decrites. Les premiers resultats d'irradiation sont aussi donnes. (auteurs)

A four-year investigation of Brayton cycle systems for future french space power applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tilliette, Z.P.; Proust, E.; Carre, F.

1988-01-01

Within the framework of a joint program initiated in 1983 by the two French Government Agencies C.N.E.S. (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) and C.E.A. (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique), in order to study space nuclear power systems for future ARIANE 5 applications, extensive investigations have dealt with the Brayton cycle which has been selected as the energy conversion system. Several aspects can be mentioned in this field: the matching of the power system to the available radiator dimensions up to 200 kWe, the direct or indirect waste heat transfer to the radiator, the use of a recuperator, the recent work on moderate (25 kWe) power levels, the simulation studies related to various operating conditions and the general system optimization. A limited experimental program is starting on some crucial technology areas including a first contract to the industry concerning the turbogenerator. Particular attention is being paid to the significance of the adoption of a Brayton cycle for space applications involving a nuclear heat source which can be either a liquid metal-cooled or a gas-cooled reactor. As far as a gas-cooled reactor, direct cycle system is concerned, the relevance to the reactor technology and the concept for moderator thermal conditioning, is particularly addressed

What Are Some Common Complications During Labor and Delivery?

Science.gov (United States)

... delivery or just after birth. 3 , 4 Shoulder dystocia. In this situation, the infant's head has come ... G., Ratcliffe, S. D., Fontaine, P., & Leeman, L. (2007). Dystocia in nulliparous women. American Family Physician , 75 (11), ...

Genetics Home Reference: hypokalemic periodic paralysis

Science.gov (United States)

... M, Franques J, Bendahhou S, Lory P, Hainque B, Fournier E, Nicole S, Fontaine B. Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis. 2002 ... related congenital muscular dystrophy Melorheostosis Rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome All New & Updated Pages Reviewed : October 2017 Published : ...

Physical, chemical and meteorological data from CTD and other instruments from Wave Gliders in the Pacific Ocean in support of the Pacific Crossing (PacX) Challenge from 18 November 2011 to 14 February 2013 (NODC Accession 0114435)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset was generated by a group of 4 Wave Gliders, referred to as Papa Mau, Benjamin, Piccard Maru, and Fontaine Maru. The vehicles were launched from San...

BRUNO CUNNAIH

African Journals Online (AJOL)

cistvr

Research Journal - Volume 3 - 2000 University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius. RÉSUMÉ .... Chinese Women (1977) pour examiner la voix féminine dans les romans déjà nommés ...... fontaines>> et à son unique>.

Metallic stent for the treatment of iliac arterial stenosis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Jae Hyung; Chung, Jin Wook; Han, Joon Koo; Suh, Chul Soo; Yoo, Jae Wook; Han, Man Chung [Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Song, Chi Sung [Seoul City Boramae Hospital, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1993-07-15

In order to study the clinical efficacy of the metallic stent of the treatment of iliac arterial stenosis, the clinical and arteriographic findings of the 8 patients were retrospectively reviewed. All 8 patients were males with an age of 51 to 79. The Fontaine class for the functional status of lower extremities was II in 4 patients, III in 3 patents and IV in 1 patient. Self expandable Gianturco stent was inserted of in 7 iliac arteries and balloon expandable Palmaz stent was inserted in 2 iliac arteries in the 8 patients. The indications for the metallic stent application were localized dissection with significant residual stenosis in 6 sites, recoiling due to calcification in one case and eccentricity of the stenosislesionin 2 sites. The deployment of the metallic stent was successful in all the cases to maintain the patency of iliac arteries with residual stenosis less than 30%. The Fontaine class was improved to 1 in 6 patients, IIa in 1 patient and IIb in another one. During the follow up period of 3 to 14 month, none except one developed recurrence of the symptom. On the basis of our experience, we believe that metallic stent is safe and effective for the treatment of iliac arterial stenosis. However, we think that it is a complementary measure to the percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. The comparative study between different types of metallic stent and the long term effect should be investigated further.

The value of non-invasive techniques for the assessment of critical limb ischaemia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ubbink, D. T.; Tulevski, I. I.; den Hartog, D.; Koelemay, M. J.; Legemate, D. A.; Jacobs, M. J.

1997-01-01

OBJECTIVE: The European Consensus Document (ECD) defines critical ischaemia (CI) according to clinical (Fontaine) and blood pressure parameters. However, clinical symptoms may be non-specific and CI may exist without severely reduced blood pressures. This study prospectively investigated the

Audrey Tautouga Coco jälgedes / Audrey Tautou ; intervjueerinud Lee Hanael

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tautou, Audrey, 1976-

2009-01-01

Näitlejanna mängib peaosa äsja esilinastunud eluloofilmis "Coco enne Chaneli" ("Coco avant Chanel", režissöör Anne Fontaine, Prantsusmaa 2009) ja on Chaneli moemaja parfüümi Chanel №5 reklaaminägu

Genetics Home Reference: Schwartz-Jampel syndrome

Science.gov (United States)

... Fontaine B, Koenig J, Hantaï D, Gueguen A, Fournier E, Eymard B, Nicole S. Peripheral nerve hyperexcitability with preterminal nerve and neuromuscular junction remodeling is a hallmark of Schwartz-Jampel syndrome. Neuromuscul Disord. 2013 Dec;23(12):998-1009. ...

Commission of the Economic Affairs, the Environment and the Territory. Report no. 12

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ollier, P.; Gonnot, F.M.

2002-11-01

This report presents the decisions adjudged by the commission concerning the law project no. 306 relative to the energy markets and to the energy public utilities. The opinion of Nicole Fontaine, delegated Minister of the Industry, is revealed. (A.L.B.)

Mécanique quantique

CERN Document Server

Marchildon, Louis

2000-01-01

Cet ouvrage vise à donner la formation de base de mécanique quantique aux étudiants des premier et deuxième cycles universitaires. Il présente les principaux éléments du formalisme et de ses applications. L'objectif est d'élucider les concepts difficiles et de montrer comment ces concepts sont utilisés pour obtenir des résultats concrets. Plusieurs applications de la mécanique quantique à la physique atomique et moléculaire sont développées de manière plus approfondie.

The current CEA/DRN safety approach for the design and the assessment of non-electrical applications of nuclear heat

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fiorini, G.L.; Costa, M.

2000-01-01

This paper presents the basis of the safety approach currently implemented by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique - Nuclear Reactor Directorate (CEA/DRN), both for the design and the assessment of innovative systems and future nuclear installations. It is considered that the described approach is applicable to the plants built for non-electrical applications of nuclear heat. This is typically the case of Nuclear Desalination Installations. This approach is the result of the experience maturated, within the context of the CEA/DRN Innovative Programme, through practical applications over several future concepts (both fission and fusion plants). The background of this experience is structured coherently with the European Safety Authorities recommendations, the European Utilities Requirements (EUR) and the ''fundamental safety objectives'' defined by the IAEA. The Defence In Depth principle and its application, by means, among others, of the barrier concept, remains the basis of the safety design process of future nuclear installations. Its adequacy is checked through the safety assessment. The methodology for Lines of Defence (LOD) implementation as well as the one for the LOD architecture assessment is shown and motivated. The document shows that the clear and unambiguous definition of the safety approach provides an essential base for the organisation of the design tasks, being sure that the safety aspects are correctly taken into account and implemented, and for an adequate safety assessment of the final design, both from qualitative point of view as well as for the quantitative safety analysis. (author)

A novel Xp22.11 deletion causing a syndrome of craniosynostosis and periventricular nodular heterotopia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kogelenberg, M. van; Lerone, M.; Toni, T. De; Divizia, M.T.; Brouwer, A.P. de; Veltman, J.A.; Bokhoven, J.H.L.M. van; Robertson, S.P.

2011-01-01

We report on a follow-up evaluation of a male with a phenotype including craniosynostosis, periventricular nodular heterotopia, and neurodevelopmental delay. He was initially assigned a clinical diagnosis of Fontaine-Farriaux syndrome (FFS) as an infant although now, with improved delineation of

Etude multi-expérimentale des évolutions métallurgiques en température et de leur incidence sur les propriétés mécaniques usuelles d'un acier inoxydable martensitique "APX4"

OpenAIRE

Dessolin , Carole

2010-01-01

The Direction des Applications Militaires at the Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique, a French government-funded technological research organisation, selected a low carbon chromium rich martensitic stainless steel (APX4) to manufacture components with high yield strength and ultimate tensile strength. As such, this thesis is developed around three main axes. Firstly, the thesis summarizes the existing bibliography on this steel as well as its neighboring nuances. Secondly, it engages in a preci...

Characteristics of radiophotoluminescent glasses used by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chapuis, A.M.

1976-08-01

The main properties and characteristics of radiophotoluminescent glasses of current use at the French Atomic Energy Commission for the dosimetry of γ radiation and thermal neutrons are described: composition, response to exposure, response to the various radiations. The effects of experimental conditions of utilization are examined and some examples of application are given [fr

Part 1: The detection of criticality accidents in the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique. Part 2: The Burst Slug Detection; 1. partie: la detection des accidents de criticite au Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique. 2. partie.: la detection des ruptures de gaines

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Debrie, G; Lavie, J; Planque, M [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1964-07-01

In all installations where fissionable materials are handled in quantities virtually greater than the critical mass, there exists permanent risk of accidental nuclear excursion entailing a serious irradiation hazard to the personnel, in spite of all the precautions that might be taken. Immediate detection followed by rapid evacuation greatly limits the risks of irradiation due to the fission products or to the sustained nuclear reaction. The necessity for a suitable equipment for the detection of accidents of criticality is imposed by the fact that the physical phenomena accompanying a nuclear, excursion are insufficient to follow the alarm, and may lead to confusion. Taking into account the accidents which have occurred and the role expected from a detector, we choose a dose integration device for the detecting probe proper, and a system based on the coincidence of several information to trigger the alarm. At the demand of the Commission des Masses Critiques, the minimal physical and electronic features required to obtain a very reliable system with minimal risk of false alarm has been established. These features are described in some detail. The equipment constructed at the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique on the basis of these recommendations has been tested systematically under actual conditions of nuclear excursions at the Health Physics Research Reactor of the National Laboratory at Oak Ridge. These tests have served to determine two types of detection probes which will be described: a photomultiplier and a semiconductor probe. Finally the authors present an example of a complete unit for the detection of criticality accidents in an installation for the processing of fissile material. B - The evolution of the installations for burst slug detection (BSD) in french reactors. The main part of the effort in the field of the Burst Slug Detection has been orientated on the large gas-cooled reactors where the problem of bursts slugs is associated with the economics

HIV-occlusive vascular disease | Van Marle | South African Journal ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The usual risk factors for atherosclerosis were present, but the incidence was less than reported in the classic atherosclerosis population. More than 90% of the patients presented with advanced stage vascular disease (Fontaine III/IV), which explains the high rate (31.9%) of primary amputation. Eightyseven patients ...

Siim Nestor soovitab : Scratch Perverts. Q-Boy. Sümpaatsed väiksed peod / Siim Nestor

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Nestor, Siim, 1974-

2005-01-01

Üritustest 11. veebr. Tallinnas: klubis Hip Hop Café diskorid Tony Vegas, Prime Cuts, Plus One, Paul Oja ja Critical; klubis BonBon inglise räppar Q-Boy ja MC Ms Fontaine; klubis Võitlev Sõna üritus "Lift" ja 12. veebr. klubis KuKu üritus "Turbodisko"

Percutaneous transluminal rotational atherectomy in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease using a transluminal endatherectomy catheter (TEC): Initial results and angiographic follow-up

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rilinger, Norbert; Goerich, Johannes; Scharrer-Pamler, Reinhard; Vogel, Jochen; Tomczak, Reinhard; Merkle, Elmar; Sokiranski, Roman; Brambs, Hans-Juergen

1997-01-01

Purpose. To evaluate the clinical results of percutaneous transluminal rotational atherectomy in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease. Methods. Rotational atherectomy was performed in 39 patients aged 39-87 years (mean 66.6 years). A total of 71 lesions (43 stenoses and 28 occlusions) were treated in 40 limbs. Additional balloon angioplasty was required in 54% of lesions. Fifteen patients (37.5%) presented in Fontaine stage II, 10 patients (25%) in Fontaine stage III and 15 patients (37.5%) in Fontaine stage IV. Rotational atherectomy at 750 rpm was carried out over a 0.014-inch guidewire with continuous aspiration into a vacuum, bottle. Follow-up angiography and color flow Doppler examinations were performed in 22 patients (23 limbs) after a mean period of 6 months (range 2-14 months). Results. There was one primary technical failure. In 36 of 40 lesions there was a good angiographic result with residual stenoses in less than 30%. In 70 lesions treated by rotational atherectomy, however, 54% showed residual stenoses of 30%-50% and these cases required additional balloon angioplasty. The mean ankle-brachial index improved significantly (p<0.001), from 0.49 before the procedure to 1.01 after the procedure. A single distal embolus, related to primary recanalization, occurred and there were two large inguinal hematomas. Cumulative clinical patency after 6 months was 83.8% and cumulative angiographic patency after 6 months was 79.1%. Conclusion. Percutaneous rotational atherectomy is a promising approach for the treatment of chronic peripheral vascular disease. Further prospective, randomized studies are necessary to compare percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with this new technical approach

A new detector for the measurement of neutron flux in nuclear reactors; Nouvelle methode de mesure des flux de neutrons dans les reacteurs atomiques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Koch, L; Labeyrie, J; Tarassenko, S [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1958-07-01

The detector described is designed for the instantaneous measurement of thermal neutron fluxes, in the presence of high {gamma} ray activity; this detector can withstand temperatures as high as 500 deg. C. It is based on the following principle: radioactive atoms resulting from heavy-nucleus fission are carried by a gas flow to a detector recording their {beta} and {gamma} disintegration. Thermal neutron fluxes as low as few neutrons per cm{sup 2} per second can be measured. This detector may be used to control a nuclear reactor, to plot the thermal flux distribution with an excellent definition (1 mm{sup 2}) for fluxes higher than 10{sup 8} n/cm{sup 2}/s. The time response of the system to a sharp variation of flux is limited, in case of large fluxes, to the transit time of the gas flow between the fission product emitter and the detector; of the order of one tenth of a sec per meter of piping. The detector may also be applied for spectroscopy of fission products eider than 0,1 s. (author)Fren. [French] On decrit un appareil permettant la mesure instantanee des flux de neutrons thermiques accompagnes de flux intenses de rayons {gamma} et situes dans des enceintes pouvant etre portees a des temperatures superieures a 500 deg. C. On utilise la radioactivite des atomes resultant de la fission des noyaux lourds; ces atomes sont entraines par un courant gazeux vers un detecteur de radioactivite qui enregistre leurs desintegrations {beta} et {gamma}. On peut mesurer des flux partir de quelques neutrons thermiques par cm{sup 2} et par seconde. L'appareil permet de suivre la puissance d'un reacteur atomique, de tracer des cartes de densite de neutrons avec une tres bonne definition (1 mm{sup 2}) dans le cas de flux superieurs a 10{sup 8} cm{sup 2}/s. Le temps de reponse du systeme a une variation du flux de neutrons est limite, poes flux importants, par le temps de transit du gaz entre l'emetteur de produits de fission et le detecteur: soit quelques dizaines de

Preparation and characterization of very pure zirconium tetrafluoride. Application to fluorinated glass

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bridenne, M.

1986-12-01

The synthesis of anhydrous and very pure zirconium tetrafluoride from zirconium tetraborohydride is studied. Zr F 4 is used for fabrication of fluorozirconate glass. Zr (BH 4 ) 4 is purified by sublimation. Two fluorinating agents F 2 and anhydrous HF are used for fluorination. The apparatus is made of fluorinated polymers and a Kel-F prototype reactor was realized. 20 g of Zr F 4 are obtained in 44 hrs with a yield of 88 %. Purity is characterized by chemical analysis (atomique absorption spectroscopy and spark mass spectroscopy) and absorption of an optical fiber made of zirconium tetrafluoride. Cr, Ni, Co and Cu content is lower than 0.1 ppm. Possibility of pilot scale production is discussed [fr

Case report

African Journals Online (AJOL)

ebutamanya

28 août 2015 ... (intra-osseous synovial cyst) Clinical and therapeutic aspect: case report. Chir Main. 2009 Feb; 28(1):37-41. PubMed |. Google Scholar. 10. Chantelot C, Laffargue P, Masmejean E, Peltier B, Barouk P,. Fontaine C. Fracture of the scaphoid carpal bone secondary to an intraosseous cyst: apropos of a case.

Viis filmiõhtut PÖFFi seltsis / Helmut Jänes

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Jänes, Helmut, 1972-

2008-01-01

Pimeda Ööde Filmifestivali eel spetsiaalselt Stiili lugejaile mõeldud soovitus : režissöör Anne Fontaine film "Tütarlaps Monacost" (Prantsusmaa 2008), Petri Kotwica "Kiilasjää" (Soome 2007), Annemarie Jacir "Meresool" (Palestiina/Prantsusmaa 2008), Paul Kieffer "Araabia ööd" (Luksemburg 2007), Pernille Fisher Christensen "Tantsijad" (Taani/Rootsi 2008)

The Texts of the Agency's Agreements with the United Nations; Texte Des Accords Conclus Entre L'Agence Et L'Organisation Des Nations Unies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1959-10-30

The texts of the following agreements and supplementary agreements between the Agency and the United Nations are reproduced in this document for the information of all Members of the Agency: I. A. Agreement Governing the Relationship Between the United Nations and the International Atomic Energy Agency; B. Protocol Concerning the Entry into Force of the Agreement between the United Nations and the International Atomic Energy Agency; II. Administrative Arrangement Concerning the Use of the United Nations Laissez-Passer by Officials of the International Atomic Energy Agency; and III. Agreement for the Admission of the International Atomic Energy Agency into the United Nations Joint Staff Pension Fund [French] Le texte des accords et des accords additionnels ci-apres, conclus entre l'Agence et l'Organisation des Nations Unies, est reproduit dans le present document pour l'information de tous les Membres de l'Agence. A.Accord regissant les relations entre l'Organisation des Nations Unies et l'Agence internationale de l'energie atomique; B.Protocole relatif a l'entree en vigueur de l'accord conclu entre l'Organisation des Nations Unies et l'Agence internationale de l'energie atomique; II.Dispositions administratives concernant l'utilisation du laissez-passer de l'Organisation des Nations Unies par les fonctionnaires de l'Agence internationale de l'energie atomique; III.Accord en vue de l'admission de l'Agence internationale de l'energie atomique a la Caisse commune des pensions du personnel des Nations Unies.

Analysis of Free-Space Coupling to Photonic Lanterns in the Presence of Tilt Errors

Science.gov (United States)

2017-05-01

lantern-based coherent lidar system,” Opt. Express, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 5312–5316, Feb 2015. [5] J. Montoya , C. Aleshire, C. Hwang, N. K. Fontaine, A...Velázquez- Benı́tez, D. H . Martz, T. Fan, and D. Ripin, “Photonic lantern adaptive spatial mode control in lma fiber amplifiers,” Opt. Express, vol

Advances in defining a closed brayton conversion system for future ARIANE 5 space nuclear power applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tilliette, Z.P.

1986-06-01

The present European ARIANE space program will expand into the large ARIANE 5 launch vehicle from 1995. It is assumed that important associated missions would require the generation of 200 kWe or more in space during several years at the very beginning of the next century. It is the reason why, in 1983, the French C.N.E.S. (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) and C.E.A. (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) have initiated preliminary studies of a space nuclear power system. The currently selected conversion system is a closed Brayton cycle. Reasons for this choice are given: high efficiency of a dynamic system; monophasic, inert working fluid; extensive turbomachinery experience, etc... A key aspect of the project is the adaptation to the heat rejection conditions, namely to the radiator geometry which depends upon the dimensions of the ARIANE 5 spacecraft. In addition to usual concepts already studied for space applications, another cycle arrangement is being investigated which could offer satisfactory compromises among many considerations, increase the efficiency of the system and make it more attractive as far as the specific mass (kg/kWe), the specific radiator area (m 2 /kWe) and various technological aspects are concerned. Comparative details are presented

Clinical and angiographic evaluation of the topic application of nitrate compounds in obstructive distal arteriopathies of the legs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perini, L.; Cavallo, A.; Perin, B.; Natale, F.; Borelli, G.; Bisiato, R.

1988-01-01

The vasodilatator effect obtained by the topic use of a nytroglycerin compound (TNG) has been angiographically tested on 11 patients affected by distal arteriopathy of the legs. All patients presented arteriosclerotic vascular lesions; two of them also suffered from diabetic angiopathy. Arteriography of the legs has proved to be a very important tool in the evaluation of the patients'response to the administration of the drug. An hour after 80 mg of TNG had been applied to the skin of the examined leg, arteriography showed a marked dilatation, especially of the muscular arteries and the undamaged tracts of the arteries of the legs. Angiographic evaluation of the functional blood supply thus obtained provides prognostic information and helps in the choice of the subsequent therapy. Furthermore, the clinical efficacy of prolonged treatment with this drug has been tested in 10 out of the 11 patients. They all responded with an immediate and persistent hemodynamic improvement, evaluated according to Fontaine's classification

Proceedings of the second Alfred O. Nier symposium on inorganic mass spectrometry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Green, L.W.

1996-01-01

The proceedings are organized under the following headings: thermal ionization mass spectrometry, applications and instrumentation; inductively coupled plasma and glow discharge mass spectrometry; gases; laser resonance ionization; general. Topics of nuclear significance include: determination of trace iron in zirconium; characterization of uranium in surface waters; subpicogram quantities of technetium; measurement of isotope ratios; determination of hydrogen and deuterium in zirconium and its alloys; Kr and Xe isotopic measurements; Kr-85 detection; SIMS study of zirconium corrosion; isotopes at CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique). All the papers have been abstracted separately for INIS

Scientists from all over the world attend the Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn summer school at the Karlsruhe Research Center; Wissenschaftler aus aller Welt bei der Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School im Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Heinzel, V.

2003-11-01

The Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School organized jointly by the Karlsruhe Research Center and the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique was held in Karlsruhe in 2003 for the third time. The main topics this year focused on recent developments and findings in the fields of fuels and materials for reactors. Applications of nuclear technology beyond the confines of electricity generation were covered in discussions shout methods of hydrogen production. Specialized seminars dealt with current aspects of fusion research and the activities of the Institute for Transuranium Elements (ITU). (orig.)

Sodium fire studies in France. Safety experiments applied to fast reactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fruchard, Y.; Colome, J.; Malet, J.C.; Berlin, M.; Duverger de Cuy, G.; Justin, J.; Duco, J.

1976-01-01

In fast reactors, the risk of sodium fires must be analyzed in detail and the consequences of an accidental fire must be known precisely. Beyond the search for prevention and detection means, techniques must be developed to set up a limit to damages created by an accidental fire: extinguishing, aerosol confinement, protection of the reactor structures. The program developed by the Nuclear Safety Department of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique to solve these various problems is described. The main results and their applications to the Super-Phenix reactor are presented [fr

In-service inspection of nuclear power plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Asty, M.; Saglio, R.

1984-10-01

The French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (Atomic Energy Commission) developed two new non destructive control techniques, focused ultrasonics and multi-frequency eddy currents, which have been shown to allow a better detection and characterization of defects. We present here some of the in-service inspection devices which have been designed for field application of these techniques on the PWR reactors built by EDF, inspection devices of the PWR steam generator tubing and the now developing specific device for main tank and helicoidal tubing steam generator of Super-Phenix 1 [fr

Centre de Physique atomique de Toulouse

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blanc, Daniel.

The following topics are covered by the researches in progress: atomic collisions, afterglow in gases, dc discharges in gases at intermediate and high pressures, electric arcs, dielectrics, radiation transport in matter, and aerosol physics and exchanges in the atmosphere [fr

Visitors from the Halo: 11 Gyr Old White Dwarfs in the Solar Neighborhood

Science.gov (United States)

2010-05-20

corrections given in Eisenstein et al. (2006) to convert the SDSS photometry to the AB system. Two of our targets, J2145+1106N and S (N for north and S for...2005, ApJ, 625, 838 Chiba, M., & Beers, T. C. 2000, AJ, 119, 2843 Eisenstein , D. J., et al. 2006, ApJS, 167, 40 Fontaine, G., Brassard, P., & Bergeron

Первые в 2009-м / Николай Караев

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Караев, Николай, 1978-

2010-01-01

Solarise keskuses asuv väärfilmikino Artis näitab Coco Chaneli elust valminud filmi "Coco enne Chaneli" (Prantsusmaa 2009), režissöör Anne Fontaine ja Eesti mängufilmi "Päeva lõpus". Urmas Lennuki näidendi järgi, režissöör Maiju Ingman, stsenarist Urmas Lennuk, tootjad Rakvere teater ja Linefilm

Application de la méthode des éléments finis hiérarchiquesà l’analyse thermo- élastique d’unpanneau solaire d’un satellite

OpenAIRE

hamzA-CHERIF, Sidi Mohammed

2013-01-01

Dans l'ère actuelle, Les satellites sont devenus des outils incontournables dans le développement économique (télécommunications, positionnement, prévision météorologique), militaire (renseignement) et scientifique (observation astronomique, microgravité, observation de la Terre, océanographie, altimétrie). Les satellites en orbite sont soumis à des conditions de fonctionnement très sévères, en plus des effets de l’oxygène atomique, le rayonnement ultraviolet, la radiation é...

158 Qualité physicochimique et bactériologique de trois stations ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Asmae

Les analyses bactériologiques ont montré l'absence des germes pathogènes dans les eaux de fontaine des trois stations étudiées. Les eaux de piscine de la station Ain Allah ont présenté, une forte contamination par la flore mésophile et les indicateurs de pollution fécale (coliformes totaux, coliformes fécaux, Escherichia ...

Special graphites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leveque, P.

1964-01-01

A large fraction of the work undertaken jointly by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) and the Pechiney Company has been the improvement of the properties of nuclear pile graphite and the opening up of new fields of graphite application. New processes for the manufacture of carbons and special graphites have been developed: forged graphite, pyro-carbons, high density graphite agglomeration of graphite powders by cracking of natural gas, impervious graphites. The physical properties of these products and their reaction with various oxidising gases are described. The first irradiation results are also given. (authors) [fr

Review on use of neutron radiography at Saclay Nuclear Research Centre

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bayon, G [Saclay Nuclear Research Centre DRE/SRO, Gif-sur-Yvette (France)

1996-11-01

The Commissariat a l`Energie Atomique (CEA) operates three research reactors at Saclay. Each of them is equipped with a Neutron Radiology facility. Osiris is involved in studies of nuclear fuel rod behaviour during accidental events. The underwater NR facility allows to obtain images of the rods before and after power ramp. The Orphee installation is devoted to industrial application of NR including non destructive testing and real time imaging. The main activity concerns the examination of the pyrotechnic devices of the Ariane launcher programmes. Other areas of interest are also described. (author) 2 figs., 1 tab., 5 refs.

Review on use of neutron radiography at Saclay Nuclear Research Centre

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bayon, G.

1996-01-01

The Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) operates three research reactors at Saclay. Each of them is equipped with a Neutron Radiology facility. Osiris is involved in studies of nuclear fuel rod behaviour during accidental events. The underwater NR facility allows to obtain images of the rods before and after power ramp. The Orphee installation is devoted to industrial application of NR including non destructive testing and real time imaging. The main activity concerns the examination of the pyrotechnic devices of the Ariane launcher programmes. Other areas of interest are also described. (author) 2 figs., 1 tab., 5 refs

Maestro: a tele-robotic system for decommissioning of nuclear plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Desbats, P.; Idasiak, J.M.

2008-01-01

Compared to electric manipulators, hydraulic manipulators can handle higher payloads with respect to their size and mass. However, due to their limited positioning resolution and dexterity, they are usually disqualified for precise tele-manipulation and high quality tele-operation. More over, experience feedback has shown that on-the-shelf hydraulic manipulators are not reliable when performing high demanding tasks in tele-operation for dismantling applications. In order to solve this problem, CEA (Commissariat l'Energie Atomique), in collaboration with Cybernetix company, has developed a computer-aided, high-precision remote handling system with force-feedback featuring the advanced hydraulic tele-robotic arm Maestro. (authors)

Vacuum welding of metals; Soudage des metaux sous vide

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stohr, J A; Briola, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1958-07-01

This new welding process has been developed by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) in France. The edges of the work-pieces are melted by the impact of an electron beam produced by an electron gun. Welding is carried out in a vacuum of 10{sup -4} to 10{sup -8} mm of mercury. The welding machine consists, diagrammatically, of: a) a metal enclosure in which a vacuum is produced; b) a cathode for electron emission, a high-voltage generator for accelerating these electrons, a focusing device; c) a mechanical device for moving (rotating) the work-piece. Advantages of the process: 1) possible welding of highly oxidizable metals (e.g. zirconium); 2) fabrication of high-vacuum-sealed metal containers; 3) production of very deeply penetrated welds. Therefore, this new process is particularly advantageous for atomic power applications, the fabrication of electron tubes and, more generally, for all industries in which very special metals are used. (author) [French] Ce procede de soudage a ete recemment mis au point au Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique en France (CEA). Il consiste a utiliser, pour fondre les levres des pieces a souder, l'impact d'un faisceau d'electrons produit par un canon a electrons. Le soudage s'effectue sous un vide de 10{sup -4} a 10{sup -8} mm de mercure. La machine a souder se compose schematiquement: a) d'une enceinte metallique ou l'on fait le vide; b) d'une cathode emettant des electrons, d'un generateur H.T. permettant d'accelerer ces electrons d'un dispositif de focalisation; c) d'un dispositif mecanique permettant le deplacement (rotation) de la piece a souder. Avantages de ce procede: 1) possibilite de souder les metaux tres oxydables (exemple: zirconium); 2) realisation de 'containers' metalliques fermes sous vide pousse; 3) obtention de profondeurs de soudures considerables. Ce nouveau procede est donc particulierement interessant pour l ' energie atomique, la fabrication des tubes electroniques et, en general, toutes les industries

New applications of radio-isotopes in France; Quelques nouvelles applications des radioelements en France

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leveque, P; Hours, R; Martinelli, P; May, S; Sandier, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires; Brillant, J [Societe Soletanche (France)

1958-07-01

By measuring the transmission of a flat beam of thermal neutrons, the moisture content of a parallelepiped shaped soil sample can be measured to {+-} 4 per cent and the moisture gradient along the longitudinal axis determined. The method permits the determination of chemically bound water and the measurement of diffusion coefficients of water into low hydrogenated materials. By measuring the intensity of fluorescence excited by 13 radiation it is possible to determine the thickness of metal coatings of less than 20 p. for metals of atomic number less than 40. This method has been applied to chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and zinc. By using a suitable metal filter it is possible to measure coating thicknesses of metals differing by only one atomic number from the supporting material. By employing labeled cement it is possible to determine the extent or movement of cement grout used for soil stabilization and waterproofing. The kinetic of ion exchange of different ultramarines in aqueous solutions were studied by tracing the movement of labeled ions in the solution or in the exchanger. Values of the diffusion coefficients and activation energies were determined from the exchange studies. (author)Fren. [French] La mesure de la transmission d'un faisceau plat de neutrons thermiques permet d'evaluer a {+-} 4 pour cent l'humidite d'un echantillon parallelepipedique de sol et d'en effectuer une exploration longitudinale systematique. La methode peut s'appliquer a la determination de l'eau de constitution ainsi qu'a la mesure des coefficients de diffusion de l'eau a travers des substances faiblement hydrogenees. En utilisant la fluorescence X excitee au moyen de rayons {beta} il est possible de mesurer des epaisseurs (< 20) de depots metalliques de faible numero atomique (Z < 40). Ces essais ont porte sur: Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu et Zn. L'emploi d'ecrans metalliques convenables permet de mesurer l'epaisseur d'un metal dont le numero atomique differe de 1

Réacteurs nucléaires expérimentaux

OpenAIRE

CHABRE , André; BONIN , Bernard

2012-01-01

International audience; Les réacteurs expérimentaux constituent une base nécessaire au développement et à l'évolution de l'énergie nucléaire. Ce sont eux qui ont ouvert la voie à l'utilisation du nucléaire avec la divergence de la première pile atomique CP1, en 1942, à Chicago, puis, dès la libération, celle de la pile atomique française ZOE, en 1948, au fort de Châtillon, démontrant ainsi l'aptitude à produire et à contrôler l'innovation technique majeure que constituait alors la réaction de...

Initial and mid-term results of a 4F compatible self-expanding low strut profile nitinol stent in the superficial femoral artery

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Muehlenbruch, G.; Brock, H.; Das, M.; Hohl, C.; Mahnken, A.H.; Wildberger, J.; Guenther, R.W.; Haage, P.

2007-01-01

Purpose: To evaluate the initial and mid-term results of a new self-expanding low strut profile nitinol stent for treatment of atherosclerotic lesions stenoses and occlusions in the superficial femoral artery (SFA). Materials and Methods: In 8 patients (4 male, 4 female, mean age 74.8 ± 8.8 years) with SFA lesions and non-satisfying results after PTA treatment alone, 10 self-expanding nitinol Xpert stents were deployed via a 4 F sheath. Stent characteristics and handling were graded by the interventionalist. Fontaine classification, duplex flow measurements and ankle brachial index (ABI) at rest and stress were taken prior and one day after stent placement. Patients were followed 3, 6 and 12 months after the procedure obtaining the same parameters at each appointment. Results: Initial stent treatment was successful in all patients. Stent handling and positioning were rated very good and safe. All patients improved clinically by at least one Fontaine stage (range before treatment: stage IIb to IV). The mean ABI at rest (stress) improved initially from 0.68 (0.70) to 1.07 (0.99). During a mean follow-up period of 8.3 months no case of clinically relevant in-stent stenosis was observed with stable values of ABI at rest and stress. (orig.)

Metrological characterization of the numerical system Adonis for gamma spectrometry; Caracterisation metrologique du systeme de spectrometrie gamma numerique Adonis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Plagnard, J.; Morel, J.; Tran Tuan, A

2005-07-01

In gamma spectrometry, new acquisition systems based on digital processing of the signals are now available on the market. In order to determine their performances at high count rates, The CEA-LNHB (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique - Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel) has tested several of these equipments.. These tests have clearly shown that the performances announced by the manufacturers were generally not met. At this point, it was interesting to include in these tests, the system ADONIS (Atelier de Developpement Numerique pour l'Instrumentation en Spectrometrie), which is the new gamma spectrometry system, developed by the CEA-SIAR (Service d'Instrumentation et d'Application des Rayonnements). (authors)

Hydrodynamic modelling of flow patterns in a vortex reactor - Application to the mixing study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zoppe, B.; Lebaigue, O.; Ducros, F.; Bertrand, M.

2008-01-01

In the fuel reprocessing industry, an un-baffled magnetic rod-stirred multiphase reactor was developed for a precipitation operation. The flow generated in such a reactor is complex and the rotating agitator at the bottom of tank creates a vortex on the liquid surface. A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling is developed based on a Large Eddy Scale (LES) approach for turbulence effect simulation. The numerical simulations are performed in 3-dimensions using the Trio-U code developed at the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (Cea). The vortex study is based on an interface tracking method and the rotating magnetic rod is taken into account through a free IBC immersed boundary. The hydrodynamic modelling is in good agreement with Nagata's theory and will be validated from experimental data obtained by laser doppler velocimetry (LDV) measurements. (authors)

On the Power Dependence of Extraneous Microwave Fields in Atomic Frequency Standards

Science.gov (United States)

2005-01-01

uncertainty”, Metrologia 35 (1998) pp. 829-845. [6] K. Dorenwendt and A. Bauch, “Spurious Microwave Fields in Caesium Atomic Beam Standards...Cesium Beam Clocks Induced by Microwave Leakages”, IEEE Trans. UFFC 45 (1998)728-738. [8] M. Abgrall, “Evaluation des Performances de la Fontaine...Proc of the EFTF 2005 – in press. [12] A. DeMarchi, “The Optically Pumped Caesium Fountain: 10-15 Frequency Accuracy?”, Metrologia 18 (1982) pp

Multi-scale analysis of nuclear reactor thermal-hydraulics-first applications using the NEPTUNE platform

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guelfi, A.; Boucker, M.; Mimouni, S.; Bestion, D.; Boudier, P.

2005-01-01

The NEPTUNE project aims at building a new two-phase flow thermal-hydraulics platform for nuclear reactor simulation. EDF (Electricite de France) and CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) with the co-sponsorship of IRSN (Institut de Radioprotection et Surete Nucleaire) and FRAMATOME-ANP, are jointly developing the NEPTUNE multi-scale platform that includes new physical models and numerical methods for each of the computing scales. One usually distinguishes three different scales for industrial simulations: the 'system' scale, the 'component' scale (subchannel analysis) and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). In addition DNS (Direct Numerical Simulation) can provide information at a smaller scale that can be useful for the development of the averaged scales. The NEPTUNE project also includes work on software architecture and research on new numerical methods for coupling codes since both are required to improve industrial calculations. All these R and D challenges have been defined in order to meet industrial needs and the underlying stakes (mainly the competitiveness and the safety of Nuclear Power Plants). This paper focuses on three high priority needs: DNB (Departure from Nucleate Boiling) prediction, directly linked to fuel performance; PTS (Pressurized Thermal Shock), a key issue when studying the lifespan of critical components and LBLOCA (Large Break Loss of Coolant Accident), a reference accident for safety studies. For each of these industrial applications, we provide a review of the last developments within the NEPTUNE platform and we present the first results. A particular attention is also given to physical validation and the needs for further experimental data. (authors)

Life sciences at CEA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2000-01-01

This paper presents briefly the organization of the - Direction des Sciences du Vivant - of french atomic energy commission (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA)) and their main axes of research (F.M)

Application of gel-Co-conversion for TRU (Pu, Np, Am) fuel and target preparation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Prunier, C.; Warin, D.; Bauer, M.

1993-01-01

In the fabrication of fuel containing transuranium (TRU) elements, flow sheets and techniques which allow a shielded and/or remote fabrication will probably need to be applied. One approach, which has been demonstrated on the laboratory and semi prototype scale, is the wet fabrication route of coprecipitation of the matrix element uranium mixed with plutonium to form dense spherical particles or to produce hybrid pellets made from pressed gel microspheres. The ceramic material produced holds the TRU-elements homogeneously distributed in the matrix. In conjunction with the Departement d'Etudes des Combustibles of the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA-DEC) in Cadarache, the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) in Switzerland is further developing a mixed nitride ceramic and mixed oxide with high concentrations (up to 50%) of plutonium with the aim of a joint irradiation test of transuranium elements in the French PHENIX reactor. 6 refs., 3 figs., 3 tabs

A difficult investment: the recruiting of scientific and technical personnel for the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Un investissement difficile: le recrutement de personnel scientifique et technique pour le Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bardet, G [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1958-07-01

Presentation: the situation of France. 1. Part: estimation of requirements. The building of an industrial site thus created demands for huge 'investments' in scientific personnel. 1) Overall evaluation of needs; the teaching system does not produce a sufficient number of specialists. The steps taken to remedy this will not be felt before 1960. 2) Special needs of the C.E.A.: the application of 5 year plans has led to a rapid increase in staff. 2. Part: means adopted by the C.E.A. 1) Recruiting system: for various reasons (competition from private indu, number of specialities represented): - recruiting on a permanent basis; - recruiting of a comparatively large number of women scientists and technicians, etc. 2) Varied means of training: temporary employment, grants, competitions within the teaching system and in the professional training organisations. Conclusion: considerable recruiting of scientific staff by the C.E.A., but the training systems in operation represent a long-term investment for the national economy. (author)Fren. [French] Presentation: situation de la France. 1. partie: estimation des besoins. La mise en place de l'infrastructure industrielle a demande d'enormes 'investissements' en personnel scientifique. 1) Evaluation globale des besoins: l'enseignement ne forme pas un nombre suffisant de specialistes. Les mesures prises ne se feront pas sentir avant 1960. 2) Besoins particuliers du C.E.A.: l'application des plans quinquennaux a entraine un accroissement rapide des effectifs. 2. partie: moyens mis en oeuvre par le C.E.A. 1) Systeme de recrutement: pour diverses raisons (concurrence du secteur prive, multiplicite des specialites representees): - recrutement sur titres, - recrutement d'un nombre relativement eleve de femmes ingenieurs et techniciens, etc. 2) Moyens de formation varies: stages, bourses, concours apportes a l'Enseignement ainsi qu'aux organismes de formation professionnelle. Conclusion: Prelevement important de cadres scientifiques

Statistics on the production and the use of the artificial radioelements in France; Statistiques sur la production et l'emploi des radioelements artificiels en France

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fisher, C [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1955-07-01

The CEA is, in France, the unique producer of artificial radioelements for public uses. These products have been provided to the users since 1949. They include until now only radioelements formed in nuclear reactors. The following aspects of use in France of the artificial radioelements will be described: - Consumption of the artificial radioelements in France, - French production and import, - Teaching and study of applications. (M.B.) [French] Le Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique est, en Franoe, le seul producteur de radioelements artificiels pour l'utilisation publique. Ces produits ont ete fournis aux utilisateurs des 1949. Ils ne comprennent jusqu'a present que des radioelements formes dans des reacteurs nucleaires. Les aspects suivants de l'utilisation en France des radioelements artificiels seront decrits: onsommation des radioelements artificiels en France, Production francaise et importation, - Enseignement et etudes d'applications. (M.B.)

Amount and activity of fission products which will be obtainable in France in the immediate future taking into account the development of atomic energy; Quantite et activite des produits de fission abtenus en France dans les annees a venir compte tenu du developpement de l'energie atomique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guirlet, J; Lavie, J M [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1960-07-01

By using the Wigner and Way formula, the activity of the complex mixture of fission products produced in a pile may be estimated theoretically in advance. This study was carried out on the basis of forecasts, in the case of France for the production of electricity of atomic origin up to the year 1975. The uranium was assumed to be in the pile during periods of three months and six months. It is also possible to find the activity of a particular fission product and to give its decay rate. The element chosen is strontium for a three months' activation period. Each set of curves gives at any moment the total activity accumulated, and the characteristic activity of the fission products corresponding to a given half-life. (author) [French] En utilisant la formule de Wigner et Way, il est possible de prevoir theoriquement l'activite du melange complexe de produits de fission provenant d'une pile. L'etude a ete faite en tenant compte de previsions, en ce qui concerne la France, de la production d'electricite d'origine atomique jusqu'en 1975. On a suppose des temps de sejour en pile de l'uranium de trois mois et de six mois. Il est possible egalement de trouver l'activite d'un produit de fission particulier, et de donner sa decroissance. Le corps choisi est le strontium pour un temps d'activation de trois mois. Chaque ensemble de courbes donne a tout instant l'activite totale accumulee, et l'activite propre des produits de fission correspondant a une periode donnee. (auteur)

A Detailed Model Atmosphere Analysis of Cool White Dwarfs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Science.gov (United States)

2010-09-01

and halo. Kleinman et al. (2004) and Eisenstein et al. (2006) have ∗ Based on observations obtained at the Hobby–Eberly Telescope (HET), Gemini...SDSS photometry is in the AB system. We use the corrections given in Eisenstein et al. (2006) for the u-, i-, and z-band photometry, and Table 1...Beers, T. C. 2000, AJ, 119, 2843 Dufour, P., Bergeron, P., & Fontaine, G. 2005, ApJ, 627, 404 Dufour, P., et al. 2007, ApJ, 663, 1291 Eisenstein , D

MAP Estimators for Piecewise Continuous Inversion

Science.gov (United States)

2016-08-08

is proportional to the gradient of the pressure: k= - v p. Additionally, a local form of mass conservation tells us that  =v f .· Combining these...Quantification of Uncertainty vol 712 (New York: Wiley) pp 1–372 [3] Bogachev V I 1997 Differentiable measures and the Malliavin calculus J. Math. Sci. 87...Direct Methods in the Calculus of Variations (Berlin: Springer) [8] Darcy H 1856 Les fontaines publiques de la ville de Dijon ed V Dalmont (Paris) [9

Magnetic field models and their application in optimal magnetic divertor design

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Blommaert, M.; Reiter, D. [Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-4), FZ Juelich GmbH, Juelich (Germany); Baelmans, M. [KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Leuven (Belgium); Heumann, H. [TEAM CASTOR, INRIA Sophia Antipolis (France); Marandet, Y.; Bufferand, H. [Aix-Marseille Universite, CNRS, PIIM, Marseille (France); Gauger, N.R. [TU Kaiserslautern, Chair for Scientific Computing, Kaiserslautern (Germany)

2016-08-15

In recent automated design studies, optimal design methods were introduced to successfully reduce the often excessive heat loads that threaten the divertor target surface. To this end, divertor coils were controlled to improve the magnetic configuration. The divertor performance was then evaluated using a plasma edge transport code and a ''vacuum approach'' for magnetic field perturbations. Recent integration of a free boundary equilibrium (FBE) solver allows to assess the validity of the vacuum approach. It is found that the absence of plasma response currents significantly limits the accuracy of the vacuum approach. Therefore, the optimal magnetic divertor design procedure is extended to incorporate full FBE solutions. The novel procedure is applied to obtain first results for the new WEST (Tungsten Environment in Steady-state Tokamak) divertor currently under construction in the Tore Supra tokamak at CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, France). The sensitivities and the related divertor optimization paths are strongly affected by the extension of the magnetic model. (copyright 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

The ideal Atomic Centre; Le Centre Atomique ideal

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mas, R [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1965-07-01

The author presents considerations which should prove to be of interest to all those who have to design, to construct and to operate a nuclear research centre. A large number of the ideas presented can also be applied to non-nuclear scientific research centres. In his report the author reviews: various problems with which the constructor is faced: ground-plan, infrastructure, buildings and the large units of scientific equipment in the centre, and those problems facing the director: maintenance, production, supplies, security. The author stresses the relationship which ought to exist between the research workers and the management. With this aim in view he proposes the creation of National School for Administration in Research which would train administrative executives for public or private organisations; they would be specialised in the fields of fundamental or applied research. (author) [French] L'auteur propose une base de reflexions a tous ceux qui doivent concevoir, realiser et faire vivre un Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires. Un grand nombre des idees exprimees peut d'ailleurs s'appliquer a un Centre d'Etudes Scientifiques non nucleaires. Dans son ouvrage, l'auteur passe en revue les differents problemes qui se posent au constructeur: plan, masse, infrastructure, batiments et grands appareils du Centre, et ceux qu'a a resoudre le directeur: entretien, fabrication, approvisionnements, securite. L'auteur insiste sur l'aspect des rapports qui doivent exister entre les chercheurs et ceux qui les administrent. Il propose a cette fin la creation d'une Ecole Nationale d'Administration de la Recherche qui formerait des cadres administratifs pour les organismes publics ou prives, specialises dans la Recherche fondamentale ou appliquee. (auteur)

Le dépôt de diamant en couche mince et ses applications Thin-Layer Diamond Depositing and Its Applications

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bertrand A.

2006-11-01

Full Text Available Nous avons cherché à faire le point sur la fabrication de couches minces de diamant qui, après avoir été très étudiée aux États-Unis vers la fin des années 1950, a fait l'objet d'une percée technologique soviétique en 1977. Celle-ci utilise l'effet solvant de l'hydrogène mélangé à un peu de méthane. Transformé en hydrogène atomique par décharge électrique, il interdit le dépôt de graphite et par conséquent permet seulement celui du diamant. Ce résultat est riche d'applications prometteuses en mécanique, en optique, en électronique. . . et constitue un élément clé pour la recherche spatiale. Les Japonais ont mis cinq ans pour réagir et les Américains cinq autres années. Mais ces derniers espèrent refaire leur retard grâce au programme Diamond Technology Initiative établi dans le cadre de l'initiative de Défense Stratégique (Guerre des Étoiles. Les retombées de ces travaux devraient concerner l'industrie pétrolière (paliers, trépans, capteurs en milieu extrême. This article reviews the depositing of diamond thin layers. After much research had been done on this technique in the United States in the late 1950s, a technological breakthrough was made by the Soviets in 1977. This breakthrough uses the solventeffect of hydrogen mixed with a bit of methane. This is transformed into atomic hydrogen by an electric discharge, thus preventing graphite from being deposited and hence enabling only diamond to be deposited. This achievement has a wealth of promising applications in mechanics, optics, electronics, etc. It is also a key element for space research. The Japanese took five years to react and the Americans another five years. But these latter hope to make up for lost time with the Diamond Technology Initiativepromoted within the framework of the Strategic Defense Initiative ( star wars . The fallouts from this research should involve the petroleum industry (bearings, drill bits, sensors in extreme

Atomes une exploration visuelle de tous les éléments connus dans l'univers

CERN Document Server

Gray, Theodore

2013-01-01

Quelle est leur température critique ? Qu'est-ce que la masse atomique, la densité d'un matériau, l'ordre de remplissage des électrons ? Cet ouvrage invite avec pédagogie et humour à un passionnant voyage au pays des éléments, à partir de leur tableau périodique universel. Soutenue par une exploration visuelle qui montre l'élément à l'état pur mais aussi ses composés et ses applications les plus caractéristiques dans la vie quotidienne, cette approche pratique offre une combinaison parfaite de science chimique et de photographies, qui séduira les lecteurs les plus avertis comme tous les autres habitants sensibles de l'univers.

A bibliografia no Brasil segundo os preceitos otletianos: a liderança da Biblioteca Nacional e outras ações

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Henrique Juvêncio

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Introdução: Os ideais de Paul Otlet e Henri La Fontaine para a criação de uma grande fonte de informação perpassaram pela propaganda junto a governos, instituições e pessoas do mundo todo, as palavras de ordem eram Mundialismo, Internacionalismo e Universalismo. Nesse sentido, vários órgãos brasileiros aderem à proposta disseminada por meio do Instituto Internacional de Bibliografia por eles fundado em 1895.Objetivo: Neste artigo objetivamos descrever algumas das ações no Brasil do início do século XX que foram ao encontro dos ideais da dupla belga.Metodologia: A pesquisa foi desenvolvida utilizando documentos de arquivo, sobretudo os da Biblioteca Nacional, e publicações à época, notadamente bibliografias editadas por diferentes órgãos.Resultados: Observa que instituições de relevo no contexto brasileiro se apropriaram do ideal Otletiano como, por exemplo, o Real Gabinete Português de Leitura, a Biblioteca Nacional e a Biblioteca da Marinha.Conclusões: Conclui que grande parte das ações buscou enriquecer o Repertório Bibliográfico Universal e serviram como meio de propagação da CDU, mas que o maior ícone da influência dos Documentalistas no Brasil foi a Biblioteca Nacional, onde os preceitos de Otlet e La Fontaine influenciaram de forma mais profunda.

Frequency Dependence and Spatial Distribution of Seismic Attenuation in France: Experimental Results and Possible Interpretations

Science.gov (United States)

1989-09-12

and possible interpretations. M. Campillo Laboratoire de Geophysique Interne et Tectonophysique Universite Joseph Fourier and Observatoire de Grenoble...IRIGM, BP 53X, 38041 Grenoble, France J.L. Plantet Laboratoire de Detection Geophysique Commissariat a l’Energie Atomique BP 12, 91680 Bruyere-le

Concert Club

CERN Document Server

Concert Club

2010-01-01

CERN MEYRIN (terminus bus 56-CERN) entrée B - bâtiment 500 - amphithéâtre Mardi 9 Février 2010 à 20 h 30 ”La fontaine aux larmes” Les pays de l’est et le choeur féminin Ensemble vocal féminin Polhymnia Célia Perrard, harpe Camille Girod, flûte Christophe Sturzenegger, piano Quartet Elixir Eléonore Giroud, violon Delphine Touzery, violon Priscille Oehninger, alto Elsa Dorbath, violoncelle Direction : Franck Marcon Au programme : Kodaly – Bartok – Donceanu - Janacek Francesco Hoch (création) ...

Classifying spaces of degenerating polarized Hodge structures

CERN Document Server

Kato, Kazuya

2009-01-01

In 1970, Phillip Griffiths envisioned that points at infinity could be added to the classifying space D of polarized Hodge structures. In this book, Kazuya Kato and Sampei Usui realize this dream by creating a logarithmic Hodge theory. They use the logarithmic structures begun by Fontaine-Illusie to revive nilpotent orbits as a logarithmic Hodge structure. The book focuses on two principal topics. First, Kato and Usui construct the fine moduli space of polarized logarithmic Hodge structures with additional structures. Even for a Hermitian symmetric domain D, the present theory is a refinem

Mode-Selective Amplification in a Large Mode Area Yb-Doped Fiber Using a Photonic Lantern

Science.gov (United States)

2016-05-15

Montoya , C. Aleshire, C. Hwang, N. K. Fontaine, A. Velázquez- Benítez, D. H . Martz, T. Y. Fan, and D. Ripin, Opt. Express 24, 3405 (2016). 23. A. M...Stutzki, F. Jansen, H . J. Otto, O. Schmidt, T. Schreiber, J. Limpert, and A. Tünnermann, Opt. Express 19, 13218 (2011). 6. C. Jauregui, H . J. Otto, F...Express 21, 1944 (2013). 8. A. Smith and J. Smith, Opt. Express 19, 10180 (2011). 9. H . J. Otto, C. Jauregui, F. Stutzki, F. Jansen, J. Limpert, and A

National debate on the energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2003-01-01

This document gathered the allocutions presented at the national debate on the energies of the 18 march 2003. The full text of the presentations of the Ministry of the industry N. Fontaine and the first Ministry J.P. Raffarin are provided. A synthesis of the answers to the following questions is also presented: understand the energy, the increase of the energy demand, the international consumption, the necessary changes of the consumption and production modes, the environmental impact, the resources, the decision making and the deciders. (A.L.B.)

National debate on the energies; Debat national sur les energies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-07-01

This document gathered the allocutions presented at the national debate on the energies of the 18 march 2003. The full text of the presentations of the Ministry of the industry N. Fontaine and the first Ministry J.P. Raffarin are provided. A synthesis of the answers to the following questions is also presented: understand the energy, the increase of the energy demand, the international consumption, the necessary changes of the consumption and production modes, the environmental impact, the resources, the decision making and the deciders. (A.L.B.)

Simulations of the muon flux sensitivity to rock perturbation associated to hydrogeological processes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hivert Fanny

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Muon tomography is a method to investigate the in-situ rock density. It is based on the absorption of cosmic-ray muons according to the quantity of matter (thickness and density. Numerical simulations are performed in order to estimate the expected muon flux in LSBB Underground Research Laboratory (URL (Rustrel, France. The aim of the muon measurements in the underground galleries of this laboratory is to characterize the spatial and temporal density variations caused by water transfer in the unsaturated zone of the Fontaine-de-Vaucluse karstic aquifer.

Comparative analysis of coupled creep-damage model implementations and application

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bhandari, S.; Feral, X.; Bergheau, J.M.; Mottet, G.; Dupas, P.; Nicolas, L.

1998-01-01

Creep rupture of a reactor pressure vessel in a severe accident occurs after complex load and temperature histories leading to interactions between creep deformations, stress relaxation, material damaging and plastic instability. The concepts of continuous damage introduced by Kachanov and Robotnov allow to formulate models coupling elasto-visco-plasticity and damage. However, the integration of such models in a finite element code creates some difficulties related to the strong non-linearity of the constitutive equations. It was feared that different methods of implementation of such a model might lead to different results which, consequently, might limit the application and usefulness of such a model. The Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Electricite de France (EDF) and Framasoft (FRA) have worked out numerical solutions to implement such a model in respectively CASTEM 2000, ASTER and SYSTUS codes. A ''benchmark'' was set up, chosen on the basis of a cylinder studied in the programme ''RUPTHER''. The aim of this paper is not to enter into the numerical details of the implementation of the model, but to present the results of the comparative study made using the three codes mentioned above, on a case of engineering interest. The results of the coupled model will also be compared to an uncoupled model to evaluate differences one can obtain between a simple uncoupled model and a more sophisticated coupled model. The main conclusion drawn from this study is that the different numerical implementations used for the coupled damage-visco-plasticity model give quite consistent results. The numerical difficulty inherent to the integration of the strongly non-linear constitutive equations have been resolved using Runge-Kutta or mid-point rule. The usefulness of the coupled model comes from the fact the uncoupled model leads to too conservative results, at least in the example treated and in particular for the uncoupled analysis under the hypothesis of the small

Oxidative lixiviation of pitchblende and precipitation of uranium with hydrogen; Lixiviation oxydante des pechblendes et precipitation de l'uranium par l'hydrogene

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mouret, P [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires; Balaceanu, J C; Coussemant, F [Institut Francais du Petrole (IFP), 92 - Rueil-Malmaison (France)

1958-07-01

Earlier work on the preparation of uranium by F.A. Forward and his colleagues has shown the possibilities presented by oxidative lixiviation of ores in a carbonate medium, and the catalytic reduction of uranyl carbonate solutions by hydrogen. The carbonate attack is of considerable interest because of the selectivity of the uranium dissolution, which means it can be applied particularly to the treatment of low grade ores with a reduced consumption of cheap reagents. The subsequent reduction with hydrogen is of the same nature, and not only enables relatively dilute uranyl carbonate solutions to be treated, but also avoids any significant alteration of the attacking solution which can therefore be used again in the lixiviation stage. The experimental work, undertaken at the request of the Commissariat a I'Energie Atomique, was aimed at determining the quantitative characteristics of each of the two stages in order to ascertain their possibilities for industrial application to the principal low grade ores found in France. (author) [French] Les travaux anterieurs de F.A. FORWARD et de ses collaborateurs ont mis en evidence les possibilites que presentent, dans la preparation de l'uranium, la lixiviation oxydante des minerais en milieu carbonate, et la reduction catalytique des solutions d'uranyl carbonate par l'hydrogene. L'attaque carbonatee presente, en effet, un interet considerable du fait de la selectivite de la dissolution de l'uranium qui permet de l'appliquer en particulier au traitement des minerais pauvres avec une consommation reduite de reactifs peu couteux. La reduction subsequente par l'hydrogene presente les memes caracteres et permet non seulement de traiter des solutions relativement diluees d'uranyl carbonate, mais encore evite toute modification significative de la solution d'attaque qui peut donc etre reemployee dans l'etape de lixiviation. L'experimentation, entreprise a la demande du Commissariat a l'Energie atomique, avait pour but de determiner

Description of Radiation Sources Installed at the French Atomic Energy Commissariat; Description de sources de rayonnement installees au commissariat a l'energie atomique; Opisanie istochnikov oblucheniya, nakhodyashchikhsya v frantsuzskom komissariate po atomnoj ehnergii; Descripcion de las fuentes de radiaciones instaladas en el commissariat a l'energie

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leveque, P

1960-07-15

The author first describes four items of apparatus installed at the Saclay Nuclear Research Centre. (a) A laboratory Co{sup 60} source of 600 curies; the apparatus is simple and reliable but does not allow for the strength of the gamma flux to be varied; (b) An apparatus consisting of seven sources of Co{sup 60} (the strongest being of 1,000 curies) located in a concrete cell; a pneumatic device brings the source or sources needed into the working position; (c) A cell capable of holding 100 fuel rods from the new EL. 3 reactor; a part of the cell is equipped as a refrigeration chamber to permit experiments on food preservation under irradiation; and (d) The vertical channels of the EL. 2 reactor, known as the chemistry holes; when these channels are clad with cadmium leaf, the gamma flux obtained increases from 100,000 to 200,000 r./h., but they can be used only for irradiation of organic materials, as most of the materials to be irradiated are activated by the epithermal and fast flux. The author then goes on to describe the apparatus at the Centre Lyonnais d'Applications atomiques, established near Lyons by a group of industrialists. This apparatus is expected to come into service at the beginning of 1960 and will be on a semi-industrial scale, with a cobalt-60 source of 3,000 curies at first and later of 40,000 curies, and will enable continuous-flow irradiation to be carried on. (author) [French] L'auteur decrit d'abord 4 installations situees au Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay. - une source de laboratoire de 600 curies de Co{sup 60}; le dispositif utilise est simple et sur mais ne permet pas de faire varier l'intensite du flux gamma. - un dispositif forme de 7 sources de Co{sup 60} (la plus intense etant de 1 000 curies) installees dans une casemate en beton; un dispositif pneumatique permet de mettre la ou les sources necessaires en position de travail. - une casemate pouvant contenir 100 barreaux combustibles provenant du nouveau reacteur EL 3; une

Nonintrusive tools to detect salts contamination in masonry: case study of Fontaine-Chaalis church

Science.gov (United States)

Giovannacci, David; Brissaud, Didier; Mertz, Jean-Didier; Mouhoubi, Kamel; Bodnar, Jean-Luc

2017-07-01

Such developments come from conservation experts in the community of cultural heritage - encompassing artworks, museum artifacts or historical monuments - for less intrusive and non-destructive tools to gain information about the subject. Increasingly the demand is for information regarding internal structures and indications of life histories and behaviors of an object. As it is well known, the deterioration due to the capillary rise of water through the walls is a very widespread problem. In this paper, a study of Stimulated Infrared thermography and Evanescent-Field Dielectrometry was applied to a non-destructive mapping, in situ, and in a semi-quantitative way the distribution of water, salt and the structural deterioration induced in a wall of the 13th century of the abbey's church of Chaalis. Complementarity of the both techniques will be underlined. The Stimulated Infra-Red Thermography (SIRT) is a contact free technique and allows the detection of plaster layers delamination of masonry. Evanescent-Field Dielectrometry (EFD) is a recent diagnostic method based on dielectric spectroscopy at microwave frequency. The measuring instrument is a portable resonant microwave device for mapping the water content and salinity on flat surface up to a depth of 2-3 cm in real time, in a non-destructive way. The method detects the water content and salt concentration in frescoes and walls by estimating the dielectric properties of tested porous materials that is viewed as a "binary" dielectric mixture consisting of bulk material and water, by the contrast between the dielectric constant of a dry material and water. According to the resolution of the optics, the SIRT has a less lateral resolution and more limited in depth, but it is easy to implement and can be used on-site, like in scaffolding conditions. Moreover, this technique gives an overview at a larger scale (metric) than EFD (centimetric).

The General Strike - An Artist Talk on the Work of Santiago Sierra & Claire Fontaine

OpenAIRE

Mansoor, Jaleh

2012-01-01

The General Strike, the organized refusal to work among a critical mass of laborers, has been attendant upon and responsive to the capitalist form of accumulation since the latter’s inception. Having variously emerged and receded as a broadly recognized means of resistance since the mid 19th century, the potential of a general strike to precipitate capitalism's inherent tendency to crisis was forcefully expressed by the anti-austerity movement in Greece and in Spain in 2012. A general strike ...

Fast wave current drive in reactor scale tokamaks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moreau, D.

1992-01-01

The IAEA Technical Committee Meeting on Fast Wave Current Drive in Reactor Scale Tokamaks, hosted by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Departement de Recherches sur la Fusion Controlee (Centres d'Etudes de Cadarache, under the Euratom-CEA Association for fusion) aimed at discussing the physics and the efficiency of non-inductive current drive by fast waves. Relevance to reactor size tokamaks and comparison between theory and experiment were emphasized. The following topics are described in the summary report: (i) theory and modelling of radiofrequency current drive (theory, full wave modelling, ray tracing and Fokker-Planck calculations, helicity injection and ponderomotive effects, and alternative radio-frequency current drive effects), (ii) present experiments, (iii) reactor applications (reactor scenarios including fast wave current drive; and fast wave current drive antennas); (iv) discussion and summary. 32 refs

Radiological consequences of radioactive effluents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clarke, R.H.

1979-01-01

A study of the differential radiological impact of the nuclear fuel cycle with and without plutonium recycle is being undertaken jointly by the National Radiological Protection Board and the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA). A summary is given of the development of the methodology detailed in their first report to the Commission of the European Communities (CEC) (NRPB/CEA, A methodology for evaluating the radiological consequences of radioactive effluents released in normal operations. Luxembourg, CEC Doc. V/3011/75 EN (1979)). The Collective Effective Dose Equivalent Commitment was used in an attempt to assess the total health detriment. The application of the methodology within particular member states of the European Community has been discussed at seminars. Sensitivity analysis can identify the more important parameters for improving the accuracy of the assessment. (UK)

Advance of the new MA 23 force reflecting manipulator system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vertut, Jean; Coiffet, Philippe; Petit, Michel

1976-01-01

This new bilateral servo manipulator system is under development since 1974, in close cooperation between different french organizations with the leadership of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique. This Group is facing in the same Technology different applications covering nuclear remote manipulation, undersea remote work, second generation industrial robots and manipulators for handicaped persons. Brief description of the different arms ranging from 5kg to 20kg mass capacity are given with corresponding tested performances. They all use original electric DC actuators with extremely low friction and zero backlash, with only cables and tapes. System works in different modes: the direct master slave force reflecting mode, an advanced tape recording programmer, minicomputer control, and the combined modes. Work is concentrated on full dynamic control and force control by minicomputer

Proceedings of the Annual PL/DARPA Seismic Research Symposium (13th), Held in Keystone, Colorado on 8-10 October 1991

Science.gov (United States)

1991-08-30

Laboratoire de D6tection Geophysique ) from an earthquake in the region of Lacq (southwestern France). The paths are purely continental and propagate through...D’EXPERIMENTATION DU PACIFIQUE AUTHORS: Rend CRUSEM and Yves CARISTAN AFFILIATION: LABORATOIRE de DETECTION et de GEOPHYSIQUE COMMISSARIAT A L’ENERGIE ATOMIQUE BP

Determining ice water content from 2D crystal images in convective cloud systems

Science.gov (United States)

Leroy, Delphine; Coutris, Pierre; Fontaine, Emmanuel; Schwarzenboeck, Alfons; Strapp, J. Walter

2016-04-01

Cloud microphysical in-situ instrumentation measures bulk parameters like total water content (TWC) and/or derives particle size distributions (PSD) (utilizing optical spectrometers and optical array probes (OAP)). The goal of this work is to introduce a comprehensive methodology to compute TWC from OAP measurements, based on the dataset collected during recent HAIC (High Altitude Ice Crystals)/HIWC (High Ice Water Content) field campaigns. Indeed, the HAIC/HIWC field campaigns in Darwin (2014) and Cayenne (2015) provide a unique opportunity to explore the complex relationship between cloud particle mass and size in ice crystal environments. Numerous mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) were sampled with the French Falcon 20 research aircraft at different temperature levels from -10°C up to 50°C. The aircraft instrumentation included an IKP-2 (isokinetic probe) to get reliable measurements of TWC and the optical array probes 2D-S and PIP recording images over the entire ice crystal size range. Based on the known principle relating crystal mass and size with a power law (m=α•Dβ), Fontaine et al. (2014) performed extended 3D crystal simulations and thereby demonstrated that it is possible to estimate the value of the exponent β from OAP data, by analyzing the surface-size relationship for the 2D images as a function of time. Leroy et al. (2015) proposed an extended version of this method that produces estimates of β from the analysis of both the surface-size and perimeter-size relationships. Knowing the value of β, α then is deduced from the simultaneous IKP-2 TWC measurements for the entire HAIC/HIWC dataset. The statistical analysis of α and β values for the HAIC/HIWC dataset firstly shows that α is closely linked to β and that this link changes with temperature. From these trends, a generalized parameterization for α is proposed. Finally, the comparison with the initial IKP-2 measurements demonstrates that the method is able to predict TWC values

Incineration process for chlorinated alpha-contaminated wastes: industrial application to the Valduc project

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Longuet, T.; Vincent, J.J.; Cartier, R.; Durec, J.P.

1993-01-01

The Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) has pursued a broad research and development program for a number of years concerning the incineration of chlorinated α-contaminated wastes produced by work in confined atmosphere. This program has now reached the stage where an alternative solution is available to the conventional direct cement embedding method currently used for such wastes. The proposed solution is based on a two-step incineration process offering a significant volume reduction that constitutes a serious economic advantage for geological disposal. Moreover, the process produces ashes of a quality suitable for direct online vitrification, or for Pu recovery by dissolution with silver II. The process was developed under nonradioactive conditions in the IRIS incineration pilot facility operated by the CEA's Fuel Cycle Division (CEA/DCC), opening the way for the first industrial facility, planned for the VALDUC Research Center. USSI is the prime contractor in this 36-month project. The basic design work has now been completed, and the French safety authorities have authorized construction of the incinerator, based in large part on the experience and expertise acquired by the process licenser CEA/DCC. (author). 6 figs., 3 tabs

A difficult investment: the recruiting of scientific and technical personnel for the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bardet, G.

1958-01-01

Presentation: the situation of France. 1. Part: estimation of requirements. The building of an industrial site thus created demands for huge 'investments' in scientific personnel. 1) Overall evaluation of needs; the teaching system does not produce a sufficient number of specialists. The steps taken to remedy this will not be felt before 1960. 2) Special needs of the C.E.A.: the application of 5 year plans has led to a rapid increase in staff. 2. Part: means adopted by the C.E.A. 1) Recruiting system: for various reasons (competition from private industry, number of specialities represented): - recruiting on a permanent basis; - recruiting of a comparatively large number of women scientists and technicians, etc. 2) Varied means of training: temporary employment, grants, competitions within the teaching system and in the professional training organisations. Conclusion: considerable recruiting of scientific staff by the C.E.A., but the training systems in operation represent a long-term investment for the national economy. (author) [fr

Proceedings of the conference on numerical methods in high temperature physics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alcouffe, R.E.; Holm, D.D.; O'Rourke, P.J.

1988-11-01

These proceedings contain full papers presented at the Los Alamos Conference on High Temperature Physics. This conference discussed many aspects of high temperature physics including hydrodynamics, radiation and particle transport and some computational issues important for efficient calculations. The meetings was held between researchers from Los Alamos and the French Commissariat a L'Energy Atomique

The 'SURA' fast reactor program

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1979-01-01

The Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique's SURA program on fast reactor safety consists of two specific testing programs on fastbreeder reactor safety: the Cabri and Scarabee programs. Both Cabri and Scarabee are examples of multinational research collaboration. The CEA and the Karlsruhe Nuclear Research Center are each covering half of the construction costs. Britain, the US and Japan are also due to participate in these experiments. The aim of the programs is to examine the behaviour of fuel in sodium cooled fast reactors. The Cabri program consists of setting off a reactivity accident in a power reactor core which is cooled with liquid sodium, such an accident occurring after a sharp increase in reactivity or as a result of the pump suddenly breaking down without there at the same time being any fall in the control rods. In 1967 the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique started its Scarabee research program which is trying to analyse the sort of things that can go wrong with fuel cooling systems and what the consequences can be [fr

Estimation of the energy needs; Estimation des besoins energetiques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ailleret, [Electricite de France (EDF), Dir. General des Etudes de Recherches, 75 - Paris (France)

1955-07-01

The present report draws up the balance on the present and estimable energy consumption for the next twenty years. The present energy comes mainly of the consumption of coal, oil products and essentially hydraulic electric energy. the market development comes essentially of the development the industrial activity and of new applications tributary of the cost and the distribution of the electric energy. To this effect, the atomic energy offers good industrial perspectives in complement of the energy present resources in order to answer the new needs. (M.B.) [French] Le present rapport dresse le bilan sur la consommation energetique actuelle et previsionnelle pour les vingt prochaines annees. L'energie actuelle provient principalement consommation de charbon, de produits petroliers et d'energie electrique essentiellement hydraulique. l'evolution du marche provient essentielement du developpement l'activite industriel et de nouvelles applications tributaire du cout et de la distribution de l'energie electrique. A cet effet, l'energie atomique offre de bonne perspectives industrielles en complement des sources actuelles energetiques afin de repondre aux nouveaux besoins. (M.B.)

Industrial uses of radioelements in France; Utilisation industrielle des radioelements en France

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gueron, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1955-07-01

The birth of a nuclear industry has permitted the use of radioelements in an increasing number of domains. Currently, the majority of radioelements applications in industrial problematic are essentially on nondestructive control and on problems of static electricity, as well as in a least way for the use of the intense radiation sources, on agronomic problems, for hydrology or chemical analyses. In order to promote the industrial applications, The CEA took to this purpose several sets of decisions: 1 - institution of teachings and collaboration; 2 - encourage the constructors of devices; 3 - creation of a help service to the users. (M.B.) [French] La naissance d'une industrie nucleaire a permit l'emploi des radioelements dans un nombre croissant de domaines. Actuellement, la majorite des applications industrielles de radioelements porte essentielement sur le controle non destructif et les problemes d'electricite statique, ainsi que dans une moindre mesure l'utilisation des rayonnements intenses, les problemes agronomiques, les questions d'hydrologie, les analyses chimiques. Afin de promouvoir les applications industrielles, Le Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique a pris a cet effet plusieurs series de mesures: 1- institution d'enseignements et de collaboration; 2- encouragement aux constructeurs d'appareils; 3- creation d'un service de consultation aux usagers. (M.B.)

1353-IJBCS-Article-Ayah Massablo

African Journals Online (AJOL)

KODJIO NORBERT

PTFE (Téflon). Minéralisation. Capsules. Quartz. Prélèvement des échantillons séchage minéralisation. Mortier. Porcelaine. Réduction des mottes, Broyage des sédiments. Spectrophotomètre d'absorption atomique. Perkin-elmer, Model 2380, avec flamme air/acétylène. Mesure des absorbances. Etuve. Interlabs DP1-I.

Foreword and introductory comments to CEA annual report 1989

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1990-01-01

This article is a foreword to the annual report of the Commisariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) and summarises the main achievements of the research teams such as the commissioning of the electron-positron collision ring (LEP), the fuel reprocessing plant at The Hague, the PROTEINE 2000 programme, the laser enrichment programme and advances in microelectronics. (author)

Spreading of knowledges

CERN Document Server

Auger

1978-01-01

Le Prof. Auger présida la commission qui créa le Cern il y a env. 28 ans alors qu'il était directeur du département des sciences nat. de l'Unesco. Il publia des nombreux travaux scientifiques sur la physique atomique et d'ouvrages scientifiques qui lui ont valu des nombreux distinctions.

Proceedings of the conference on numerical methods in high temperature physics

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alcouffe, R.E.; Holm, D.D.; O' Rourke, P.J. (comps.)

1988-11-01

These proceedings contain full papers presented at the Los Alamos Conference on High Temperature Physics. This conference discussed many aspects of high temperature physics including hydrodynamics, radiation and particle transport and some computational issues important for efficient calculations. The meetings was held between researchers from Los Alamos and the French Commissariat a L'Energy Atomique (CEA).

Rococó: ut pictura poesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Manuel Ibeas

2011-01-01

Full Text Available A new thematic and formal regime appears during the first half of the eighteenth century in Europe. As for the other arts, in the book edition the tendency towards the monumental, disappears in the early rococo, and makes room for delicate and small books. The change described here is quite profound, although it does not take the form of a seismic event. It is rather the net effect of a long process of thematic and formal drift and realignment, from the Acajou et Zirphile de Duclos to the Livre à la mode of Caraccioli, through the new editions of La Fontaine or Molière.

Use of X-ray fluorescence in a laboratory for the treatment of uranium ores (1960); Utilisation de la fluorescence X dans un laboratoire de traitements de minerais d'uranium (1960)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guillet, H [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1960-07-01

A brief description will be given of some aspects of the experience gained over a year during which X-ray fluorescence was used at the laboratory or the present Section Autonome d'Etudes, Recherches et Applications Chimiques of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique. First part. - Reproducibility of results. A standard is tested daily. The observations made during the months from december 58 to may 59 are described. Second part. - Study of two chemical treatment processes using X-ray fluorescence, without development of a detailed method of analysis. a) Acid lixiviation of uranium ores. The residues are analysed by X-Ray fluorescence directly in powder form. b) Fixation and elution of vanadium on ion exchange resin. Third part. - Method for the quantitative analysis of the uranium in solution. A method of analysis of the uranium in solution is described for concentrations between 30 {gamma}/cc and 600 {gamma}/cc, whatever may be the impurities present (except for the elements between Zn and Rb, and between Ir and Pa). (author) [French] On se propose de decrire brievement quelques aspects de l'experience acquise en une annee d'utilisation de fluorescence X au laboratoire de l'actuelle Section Autonome d'Etudes, Recherches et Applications chimiques du Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique. Premiere Partie. - Etude de la reproductibilite des resultats. Un standard est teste quotidiennement. On donne la description des observations faites durant les mois de decembre 58 a mai 59. Deuxieme Partie. - Etude de deux procedes de traitements chimiques au moyen de la fluorescence X sans mise au point de methode d'analyse elaboree. a) Liziviation acide de minerais d'uranium. Les residus sont analyses par fluorescence X directement sous forme pulverulente. b) Fixation et elution du vanadium sur resine echangeuse d'ions. Troisieme partie. - Methode d'analyse quantitative de l'uranium en solution. On decrit une methode d'analyse de l'uranium en solution pour des concentrations allant

Dé-mondialiser le secteur minier pour développer l'Afrique

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Conseil pour le développement de la recherche en sciences sociales en Afrique, 2017 ... des lieux d'extraction des matières premières, tandis que la transformation .... Noirs, en passant par la colonisation pour finir dans cette nouvelle forme ... et la Communauté européenne de l'énergie atomique, l'Afrique se doit aussi ...

Evaluation of the damages in rocks caused by the construction of a repository

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Devillers, C.; Escalier des Orres, P.

1988-12-01

The Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (French Atomic Energy Commission) has conducted a bibliographic study of the damages in the rock caused by the construction of a repository, and several hydraulic simulations, to appreciate the influence of these damages on the safety of the repository. These studies have led to the proposal of construction techniques in accordance safety requirements and industrial feasibility [fr

Innovation future reactors: the differential model of equivalent parameters. A decisional tool for conception

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coudray, R.; Eid, M.; Fiorini, G.L.

1992-01-01

The study is developed in the frame of future reactors activities undertaken by the 'Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique' in France. The objective is to build the SAFETY and a QUALITY of the safety taking criteria, performances, experience... into account. In this purpose, we use the probabilistic reliability, maintainability, availability concepts, for the design and for the clustering of the parametric tendencies

France's nuclear power programme; Le programme nucleaire francais

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cabanius, J [Electricite de France (EDF), 75 - Paris (France); Horowitz, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1964-07-01

The prospects of development of France's consumption of electricity will widen the deficit of her national energy resources. Nuclear power stations should enable this deficit to be reduced, provided a certain number of uncertainties prevailing today are resolved. The first programme, put forward by Messrs. AILLERET and TARANGER at the 1955 Geneva Conference aimed at commissioning 850 MWe by 1965; the programme was devoted to developing the natural uranium graphite-gas sequence and reaches its completion with the construction of EDF 3, the world's first unit capable of 500 MWe. Before changing over from the prototype stage to their duplication, Electricite De France decided, in agreement with the Commissariat A L'energie Atomique to build EDF 4, which, while reproducing EDF 3's reactor, together with the referring equipment, the entire control equipment and various other systems, pioneers an important innovation by incorporating the heat exchangers and fans inside the prestressed concrete pressure vessel housing the core. At the same time, studies are being carried on on the same type of reactor enabling possible use of a new annular-shaped fuel element, whose use would considerably improve the performance of EDF 5, to be envisaged. On the heavy water side, the construction of EL 4 at Brennilis jointly by the Commissariat A L'energie Atomique and Electricite De France is continuing. Design work on a 500 MWe reactor of this type has already started. As regards pressurized water reactors, the Chooz power station is built jointly by Electricite De France and Belgian Utilities. Finally, the Commissariat A L'energie Atomique is continuing the construction of the 'Rapsodie' rapid neutron reactor at Cadarache, together with studies on a larger power reactor. It may thus be seen that the technical and economic knowledge gained on these various types of reactor mean that an equipment program may be contemplated which will endow nuclear power stations with a place of ever

L’adduction d’eau à Dieppe aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles : de l’utile à l’apparat

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Viviane Manase

2012-05-01

Full Text Available La ville de Dieppe a bénéficié dès le XVIe siècle d’une adduction d’eau particulièrement dense, précoce illustration d’hygiène publique et d’urbanisme. Difficilement mis en place par le fontainier Pierre Toustain, l’aqueduc gravitaire qui sur 6,7 km mena l’eau d’une source abondante jusqu’à la ville subsiste encore en partie. En 1579 il pourvoyait en eau pas moins de seize fontaines publiques soigneusement ornées, brillantes émanations du prestige de la cité. En 1617, une originale fontaine mécanique « en forme de rocher » est édifiée en l’honneur de la venue de Louis XIII. Inspirée par les travaux du célèbre ingénieur dieppois Salomon de Caus, elle charme alors les populations par ses jeux d’eau et ses oiseaux artificiels chantants.From the sixteenth century, the city of Dieppe had an important and well-developed public water system which may be seen as an early illustration of a public health service and as an aspect of town planning. Not without difficulty, a gravitational aqueduct was built by the engineer Pierre Toustain, carrying spring water to the city over a distance of some 6.7 kilometres. Part of this aqueduct still survives. In 1579, the water flowed from no fewer than sixteen decorative fountains, symbols of the city’s prestige. In 1617, an original mechanical fountain ‘in the shape of a rock’ was constructed in honour of a visit to the city by Louis XIII. Inspired by the works of the famous engineer Salomon de Caus of Dieppe, this fountain charmed the population with its dancing waters and artificial singing birds.

Metallic stent implantation in patients with iliac artery occlusion: long-term patency rate and factors related to recurrence

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chung, Seok Kyun; Kim, Jae Kyu; Yoon, Woong; Kim, Jeong; Park, Jin Gyoon; Kang, Heoung Keun; Choi, Soo JinNa [Chonnam National University Hospital School of Medicine, Gwangju (Korea, Republic of)

2003-09-01

To determine the long-term patency rate in 68 patients with iliac artery occlusion who underwent metallic stent implantation, and to analyze the factors related to recurrence. Sixty-eight patients with occlusive disease of the iliac artery underwent implantation of a self-expandable metallic stent. The clinical symptoms were intermittent claudication (n=48), resting pain (n=11), and gangrene (n=9). Stent patency was determined by follow-up angiography and color Doppler imaging, and the cumulative patency rate using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox's proportional hazard model was used to analyse recurrence-related factors involving clinical symptoms (Fontaine stage), risk factors, and anatomical factors such as lesion location, length, and the development of collaterals. The duration of follow-up varied from 1 day to 73 months (mean, 23.8 months). Arterial occlusion recurred in 16 of 68 patients (23.5%), and the cumulative patency rate was as follows: 95.4% at one month, 93.2% at six months, 80.1% at one year, 73.2% at two years, 68.9% at three years, and 62% at five years. According to a statistical analysis of risk factors, the recurrence (p=0.04) than in those without it, but in patients who smoked, hypertension, DM, and previous cerebrovascular disease were not statistically significant. With regard to anatomical factors, the recurrent rate for lesions involving the external iliac artery was 6.5 times higher (p=0.02) than for those involving the common iliac artery. Variations in the fontaine stage were not statistically significant indicators of recurrence. The recurrence rate after implantation of an iliac artery stent is higher in patients with heart disease than in those without it, and higher for occlusive lesions involving the external iliac artery than for those of the common iliac artery.

Metallic stent implantation in patients with iliac artery occlusion: long-term patency rate and factors related to recurrence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chung, Seok Kyun; Kim, Jae Kyu; Yoon, Woong; Kim, Jeong; Park, Jin Gyoon; Kang, Heoung Keun; Choi, Soo JinNa

2003-01-01

To determine the long-term patency rate in 68 patients with iliac artery occlusion who underwent metallic stent implantation, and to analyze the factors related to recurrence. Sixty-eight patients with occlusive disease of the iliac artery underwent implantation of a self-expandable metallic stent. The clinical symptoms were intermittent claudication (n=48), resting pain (n=11), and gangrene (n=9). Stent patency was determined by follow-up angiography and color Doppler imaging, and the cumulative patency rate using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox's proportional hazard model was used to analyse recurrence-related factors involving clinical symptoms (Fontaine stage), risk factors, and anatomical factors such as lesion location, length, and the development of collaterals. The duration of follow-up varied from 1 day to 73 months (mean, 23.8 months). Arterial occlusion recurred in 16 of 68 patients (23.5%), and the cumulative patency rate was as follows: 95.4% at one month, 93.2% at six months, 80.1% at one year, 73.2% at two years, 68.9% at three years, and 62% at five years. According to a statistical analysis of risk factors, the recurrence (p=0.04) than in those without it, but in patients who smoked, hypertension, DM, and previous cerebrovascular disease were not statistically significant. With regard to anatomical factors, the recurrent rate for lesions involving the external iliac artery was 6.5 times higher (p=0.02) than for those involving the common iliac artery. Variations in the fontaine stage were not statistically significant indicators of recurrence. The recurrence rate after implantation of an iliac artery stent is higher in patients with heart disease than in those without it, and higher for occlusive lesions involving the external iliac artery than for those of the common iliac artery

Nuclear purity and the production of uranium (1962); La purete nucleaire et la fabrication de l'uranium (1962)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Verte, P [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Centre du Bouchet, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1962-07-01

When the production of 'nuclear grade' uranium is dealt with, it is difficult, the author of this study points out, to separate its chemical, technical, and economical bearings. While recalling the evolution of chemical processes in various countries and describing the technic of uranium manufacture in the plant of the French 'Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique' at Le Bouchet, the author outlines the effect of economical contingencies on the problems the chemists and engineer are faced with. The question of cost price is also considered here with particular attention. (author) [French] Lorsqu'il s'agit de la production d'uranium de 'qualite nucleaire', il est difficile, souligne l'auteur de cette etude, de separer les aspects chimique, technique et economique. Aussi, en retracant l'evolution des procedes chimiques dans divers pays et decrivant les techniques de fabrication de l'uranium a l'usine du Bouchet du Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, l'auteur ne manque-t-il pas de rappeler les incidences de la conjoncture economique sur les problemes posees au chimiste et a l'ingenieur. La question du prix de revient, egalement, est traitee ici avec une attention particuliere. (auteur)

Radioactive contamination of aquatic media and organisms; La contamination radioactive des milieux et des organismes aquatiques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fontaine, Y [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1960-07-01

After a brief account of the radioactive wastes produced by peaceful or military uses of Atomic Industry, the author first describes a series of observations carried out 'in the field' on the extent of contamination in aquatic organisms with respect to that of the medium. The experimental studies are then analysed, with reference both to the radioisotope metabolism and to the factors and types of contamination of aquatic organisms by wastes from atomic industry. A precise experimental project is presented at the end of the paper, including almost 300 references. (author) [French] Apres une courte etude des dechets radioactifs produits par les utilisations pacifiques ou militaires de l'Industrie Atomique, l'auteur fait etat d'abord des observations effectuees 'sur le terrain' concernant l'extension de la contamination des organismes aquatiques en rapport avec celle du milieu. L'auteur analyse ensuite les etudes experimentales se rapportant aussi bien au metabolisme des radioisotopes qu'aux facteurs et aux modalites de la contamination des organismes aquatiques par les dechets de l'industrie atomique. Un projet de travail experimental precis est presente a la fin de cette revue qui comporte pres de 300 references bibliographiques. (auteur)

Mise en abîme et orbialisation: la place Navone à Rome

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Laurent Grison

2000-09-01

Full Text Available L’étude de l’aménagement d’une place romaine nous amène à mettre en relation une démarche urbanistique et une vision du monde propres à l’époque baroque. La place Navone, associée à la fontaine des Quatre fleuves du Bernin, présente une manière de voir et de concevoir l’espace qui en fait l’idéal-type d’un centre théâtralisé du monde. Mettant en évidence un procédé de mise en abîme et un triple emboîtement scalaire, nous proposons un principe explicatif, celui de l’orbialisation.

Reprocessing on the whole fuel cycle operations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Megy, J.

1983-11-01

Spent fuel reprocessing, in France, is become an industrial reality which takes an importance place in several fields: place surely essential in the fuel cycle from the energetic material economy and waste management point of view; place priority in the CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) research and development programs; place in the industry where it is an important activity sector with the realizations in progress [fr

1746-IJBCS-Article-Momar Ndiaye

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

2013 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Mots clés: Métaux lourds, moule, sédiment, toxicité, émission atomique. ... teneurs des métaux lourds cadmium, chrome et plomb dans les sédiments et les moules. MATERIEL ET ..... les sédiments, des éléments minéraux et organiques provenant des eaux usées, des.

Franco Rasetti physicien et naturaliste : (il a dit non à la bombe)

CERN Document Server

Ouellet, Danielle

2000-01-01

Brève biographie d'un physicien italien injustement méconnu, professeur à l'Université Laval de 1939 à 1947. Ayant contribué, dans les années 1930, à des expériences qui ont par la suite mené à la fabrication de la bombe atomique, il s'est retiré du dossier dès qu'il en a compris le danger.

International dosimetry experiment on the zero power pile of the Boris Kidric Institute at Vinca (Yugoslavia) (1961); Experience internationale de dosimetrie sur la pile de puissance nulle de l'Institut Boris Kidric de Vinca (Yougoslavie) (1961)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Weill, J; Furet, J; Baillet, J; Donvez, G; Duchene, J; Gras, R; Mercier, R [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Section Autonome d' Electronique des Reacteurs, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires; Chenouard, J; Lecomte, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Dept. de Physico - Chimie, Service des Isotopes Stables, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1961-07-01

On the occasion of the international dosimetry experiment on the zero power pile of the Yugoslavian Atomic Energy Centre at Vinca, the Commissariat a l'energie Atomique had agreed to prepare the measurement and security equipment and see to the manipulation of the heavy water, and in addition was responsible for the operation and the starting up of the pile during the experiment. The measurement and security apparatus, developed at Saclay and installed on the pile for low and high pressure runs, is listed, together with the safety equipment added near the control room. The various operations and manipulations carried out on the pile are described: filling with heavy water, starting up, determination of the critical level, testing the efficiency of the rods, operating the pile during the experiments. By operating to a carefully planned schedule, the experiments were, finished before the date fixed by the International Atomic Agency. (authors) [French] Dans le cadre de l'experience internationale de dosimetrie sur la pile de puissance nulle du Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires Yougoslave de Vinca, le Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique avait accepte de preparer l'equipement de controle et de securite, de pourvoir a la manipulation de l'eau lourde de la pile et avait la responsabilite de son fonctionnement et de sa mise en marche pendant l'experience. On enumere ici l'appareillage de controle et de securite installe sur la pile pour les marches a basse et haute puissances, appareillage mis au point a Saclay, ainsi que les protections ajoutees a proximite de la salle de controle. On decrit les differentes manipulations et operations effectuees sur la pile: remplissage d'eau lourde, demarrage, recherche du niveau critique, verification de l'efficacite des barres, conduite de la pile pendant les experiences. Grace a un planning tres serre qui a pu etre tenu, les experiences ont pu etre terminees avant la date prevue par l'Agence Atomique Internationale. (auteurs)

HTC Experimental Program: Validation and Calculational Analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fernex, F.; Ivanova, T.; Bernard, F.; Letang, E. [Inst Radioprotect and Surete Nucl, F-92262 Fontenay Aux Roses (France); Fouillaud, P. [CEA Valduc, Serv Rech Neutron and Critcite, 21 - Is-sur-Tille (France); Thro, J. F. [AREVA NC, F-78000 Versailles (France)

2009-05-15

In the 1980's a series of the Haut Taux de Combustion (HTC) critical experiments with fuel pins in a water-moderated lattice was conducted at the Apparatus B experimental facility in Valduc (Commissariat a I'Energie Atomique, France) with the support of the Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire and AREVA NC. Four series of experiments were designed to assess profit associated with actinide-only burnup credit in the criticality safety evaluation for fuel handling, pool storage, and spent-fuel cask conditions. The HTC rods, specifically fabricated for the experiments, simulated typical pressurized water reactor uranium oxide spent fuel that had an initial enrichment of 4. 5 wt% {sup 235}U and was burned to 37.5 GWd/tonne U. The configurations have been modeled with the CRISTAL criticality package and SCALE 5.1 code system. Sensitivity/uncertainty analysis has been employed to evaluate the HTC experiments and to study their applicability for validation of burnup credit calculations. This paper presents the experimental program, the principal results of the experiment evaluation, and modeling. The HTC data applicability to burnup credit validation is demonstrated with an example of spent-fuel storage models. (authors)

Oxidative lixiviation of pitchblende and precipitation of uranium with hydrogen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mouret, P.

1958-01-01

Earlier work on the preparation of uranium by F.A. Forward and his colleagues has shown the possibilities presented by oxidative lixiviation of ores in a carbonate medium, and the catalytic reduction of uranyl carbonate solutions by hydrogen. The carbonate attack is of considerable interest because of the selectivity of the uranium dissolution, which means it can be applied particularly to the treatment of low grade ores with a reduced consumption of cheap reagents. The subsequent reduction with hydrogen is of the same nature, and not only enables relatively dilute uranyl carbonate solutions to be treated, but also avoids any significant alteration of the attacking solution which can therefore be used again in the lixiviation stage. The experimental work, undertaken at the request of the Commissariat a I'Energie Atomique, was aimed at determining the quantitative characteristics of each of the two stages in order to ascertain their possibilities for industrial application to the principal low grade ores found in France. (author) [fr

Near real-time characterization of radio-contaminated soils in France: challenges and methods

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Desnoyers, Y. [Geovariances, Avon (France); Dubot, D. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique (CEA), Fontenay-aux-Roses (France)

2011-07-01

Over the last 10 years, the French Atomic Energy Commission (CEA, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) has set up an innovative methodology aiming at characterizing radiological contaminations. The application of the latter relies on various tools such as expertise vehicles with embedded measurement devices and a recently developed software platform called Kartotrak. A Geographic Information System tailored to radiological needs constitutes the heart of the platform; it is surrounded by several modules aiming at (i) sampling preparation, (ii) data analysis and geostatistical modeling and (iii) real-time monitoring and data acquisition. This paper presents a methodological framework for the follow-up of decontamination projects, from doubt removal to the verification of the decontamination process. The use of the radiological characterization methodology and its related developments leads to a better appreciation of the contamination and, most importantly, to the optimization of the waste volumes and the reduction of the global cost of the remediation process. (author)

MEGAPIE, a 1 MW pilot experiment for a liquid metal spallation target

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bauer, G.S. [Paul Scherrer Institut, Spallation Neutron Source Division, Villigen-PSI (Switzerland); Salvatores, M. [CEA Cadarache, Direction des Reacteurs Nucleaires, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex (France); Heusener, G. [Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Projekt Nukleare Sicherheitsforschung, Karlsruhe (Germany)

2001-03-01

MEGAPIE (Megawatt Pilot Target Experiment) is an initiative launched by Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Cadarache (France) and Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (Germany) in collaboration with Paul Scherrer Institut (Switzerland), to demonstrate, in an international collaboration, the feasibility of a liquid lead bismuth target for spallation facilities at a beam power level of 1 MW. Such a target is under consideration for various concepts of accelerator driven systems (ADS) to be used in transmutation of nuclear waste and other applications world-wide. It also has the potential of increasing significantly the thermal neutron flux available at the spallation neutron source (SINQ) for neutron scattering. SINQ's beam power being close to 1 MW already, this facility offers a unique opportunity to realize such an experiment with a reasonably small number of new ancillary systems. The paper describes the basic features of the experiment and its boundary conditions, the technical concept of the target and underlying research carried out at participating laboratories. (author)

Near real-time characterization of radio-contaminated soils in France: challenges and methods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Desnoyers, Y.; Dubot, D.

2011-01-01

Over the last 10 years, the French Atomic Energy Commission (CEA, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) has set up an innovative methodology aiming at characterizing radiological contaminations. The application of the latter relies on various tools such as expertise vehicles with embedded measurement devices and a recently developed software platform called Kartotrak. A Geographic Information System tailored to radiological needs constitutes the heart of the platform; it is surrounded by several modules aiming at (i) sampling preparation, (ii) data analysis and geostatistical modeling and (iii) real-time monitoring and data acquisition. This paper presents a methodological framework for the follow-up of decontamination projects, from doubt removal to the verification of the decontamination process. The use of the radiological characterization methodology and its related developments leads to a better appreciation of the contamination and, most importantly, to the optimization of the waste volumes and the reduction of the global cost of the remediation process. (author)

MEGAPIE, a 1 MW pilot experiment for a liquid metal spallation target

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bauer, G.S.; Salvatores, M.; Heusener, G.

2001-01-01

MEGAPIE (Megawatt Pilot Target Experiment) is an initiative launched by Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Cadarache (France) and Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (Germany) in collaboration with Paul Scherrer Institut (Switzerland), to demonstrate, in an international collaboration, the feasibility of a liquid lead bismuth target for spallation facilities at a beam power level of 1 MW. Such a target is under consideration for various concepts of accelerator driven systems (ADS) to be used in transmutation of nuclear waste and other applications world-wide. It also has the potential of increasing significantly the thermal neutron flux available at the spallation neutron source (SINQ) for neutron scattering. SINQ's beam power being close to 1 MW already, this facility offers a unique opportunity to realize such an experiment with a reasonably small number of new ancillary systems. The paper describes the basic features of the experiment and its boundary conditions, the technical concept of the target and underlying research carried out at participating laboratories. (author)

Thermal-hydraulic analysis of total loss of steam generator feed water in WWER-440

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sabotinov, L.; Cadet-Mercier, S.

2001-01-01

The analysis is carried out for a WWER-440/V270 with upgraded primary safety valves (replacement of the existing PRZ safety valves with Pilot Operated Relief Valves (PORV) of the type SEBIM (France)) The current analysis is focused on the scenario 'Total Loss of SGs Feed Water' with application of the operator action of primary system 'Feed and Bleed' in order to check the effectiveness of the installed pressurizer SEBIM valves and to verify that the operator can cool down the reactor system and cope with this accident. The calculations have been performed at the Institute of Protection and Nuclear Safety (IPSN) in Fontenay-aux-Roses with the computer code CATHARE 2 Version 1.3L1. CATHARE is a French best estimate thermal-hydraulic program for accident analysis in the light water nuclear reactors, developed with the participation of the IPSN (Institut de Protection et Surete Nucleaire), CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique), Framatome and EdF (Electricite de France). (author)

Production of transuranium elements. Introduction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lefevre, J.

1976-01-01

The cardiac pacemaker market and the potentialities of the radioisotopic plutonium 238 pacemakers are evaluated. In spite of restrictions due to the radioactivity of the source and the cost of the nuclear device, plutonium 238 pacemakers continue to occupy a definite place in the present market because of their long life and miniaturization possibilities. Finally the general plutonium 238 production program of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique is outlined [fr

Introducing the C.E.P.N. (Center for the assessment of protection in the nuclear field)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jammet, H.P.

1981-01-01

The center for the assessment of protection in the nuclear field (C.E.P.N.) was set up by Electricite de France (E.D.F.) and the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (C.E.A.) in May 1976. Dr JAMMET, one of its promoters, relates the circumstances and motivations of its creation and presents the general lines of the purposes and programmes presently developed by the center [fr

Electronic and Atomic Collisions. Abstracts of Contributed Papers. International Conference on the Physics of Electronic and atomic Collisions (14th) Held at Palo Alto, California in 1985,

Science.gov (United States)

1985-01-01

Atomoic Collisions, (Berlin, to the insufficient energy resolution, to the 1983). coincidence signal can be neglected at this energy. In 2 J.P.M...DECAY RATES FOR % MULTIPLY IONIZED ATOMO . F. Lombet Farnoux Laboratoire Spectroscopic Atomique et lonique - Batiment 350 - vUniversite Paris-Sud...and atomo oeanis was constructed.The accompanied to 1-shell ionization X-ray emission was reristrated by 0 an Si(Li) semiconductor detector in the

Cette étrange matière

CERN Document Server

Kastler, Alfred

1976-01-01

La matière nous est connue et jusque dans sa structure intime : l'aspect qu'offre le monde industrialisé en est une preuve suffisante, la bombe atomique ou à hydrogène, un signe spectaculaire. Pourtant, selon Alfred Kastler, dont le témoignage en pareil domaine fait naturellement autorité, la matière mérite plus encore d'être appelée "étrange".

Évaluation du niveau de pollution par les métaux lourds des lacs ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

La présente étude a pour objectif principal d'évaluer le niveau de pollution métallique des lacs Bini et Dang (Ngaoundéré, Cameroun) à travers l'analyse des eaux et des sédiments de surface. La concentration des métaux lourds (Ni, Cr, Fe, Pb, Cd, Zn) a été mesurée par spectrophotométrie d'absorption atomique.

Les atomes existent-ils vraiment ?

CERN Document Server

Diu, Bernard

1997-01-01

Peu de notions scientifiques ont autant suscité l'imagination spéculative que l'entropie thermodynamique. Tous les systèmes organisés - les sociétés, les êtres vivants - seraient promis à la décadence, à la mort, forcément. Ce livre expose en toute clarté le développement historique et conceptuel de la thermodynamique. Née du désir de comprendre et de maîtriser le fonctionnement des machines à vapeur - emblème de nos sociétés industrielles -, elle est devenue la science des corps, de tous les corps à notre échelle. Mais elle se passait sans états d'âme de l'hypothèse atomique. Elle a donc été battue en brèche par la mécanique statistique qui faisait droit aux impératifs dictés par la structure atomique des corps. Après une lutte épique, et même sanglante, thermodynamique et mécanique statistique se sont réconciliées sur les fondements de la seconde mais avec les techniques de la première. Ce livre se lit comme un roman de physique contemporaine.

Radioactive contamination of aquatic media and organisms; La contamination radioactive des milieux et des organismes aquatiques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fontaine, Y. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1960-07-01

After a brief account of the radioactive wastes produced by peaceful or military uses of Atomic Industry, the author first describes a series of observations carried out 'in the field' on the extent of contamination in aquatic organisms with respect to that of the medium. The experimental studies are then analysed, with reference both to the radioisotope metabolism and to the factors and types of contamination of aquatic organisms by wastes from atomic industry. A precise experimental project is presented at the end of the paper, including almost 300 references. (author) [French] Apres une courte etude des dechets radioactifs produits par les utilisations pacifiques ou militaires de l'Industrie Atomique, l'auteur fait etat d'abord des observations effectuees 'sur le terrain' concernant l'extension de la contamination des organismes aquatiques en rapport avec celle du milieu. L'auteur analyse ensuite les etudes experimentales se rapportant aussi bien au metabolisme des radioisotopes qu'aux facteurs et aux modalites de la contamination des organismes aquatiques par les dechets de l'industrie atomique. Un projet de travail experimental precis est presente a la fin de cette revue qui comporte pres de 300 references bibliographiques. (auteur)

De l'atome antique à l'atome quantique à la recherche des mystères de la matière

CERN Document Server

Gruber, Christian

2013-01-01

Les atomes et les molécules constituent les éléments fondamentaux de la matière. Cet état de fait, aujourd'hui admis par tous, repose toutefois sur un paradoxe : nul n'est en mesure d'en percevoir immédiatement la réalité. 500 ans avant notre ère, Démocrite pose pourtant les bases de ce qui deviendra la théorie atomique ; suivront vingt-cinq siècles d'interrogations et de recherches dans l'espoir de percer les secrets de l'invisible. C'est à la découverte de cette épopée scientifique et humaine que cet ouvrage invite le lecteur. Il décrit, depuis la philosophie naturelle antique jusqu'à la révolution quantique actuelle, la soif de savoir qui a guidé l'homme sur les traces de la nature ultime de la matière. Synthétique, didactique et tout spécialement conçu pour un lectorat non scientifique, il présente les principaux concepts théoriques et les expériences fondatrices qui ont progressivement transformé l'hypothèse atomique en une réalité scientifique. Un livre rare, jusqu'à pré...

Implementing healthy work environment standards in an academic workplace: An update.

Science.gov (United States)

Harmon, Rebecca B; DeGennaro, Gina; Norling, Meg; Kennedy, Christine; Fontaine, Dorrie

In 2005 the American Association of Critical Care Nurses defined six Healthy Work Environment (HWE) standards for the clinical setting (AACN, 2005), which were reaffirmed and expanded in 2016 (AACN, 2016). These clinical standards were adapted for use in the academic setting by Fontaine, Koh, and Carroll in 2012. The intention of this article is threefold: to present a revised version of the academic workplace standards which are appropriate for all School of Nursing (SON) employees, staff as well as faculty; to proposes the addition of a seventh standard, self-care, which provides the foundation for all standards; and to describe the continuing implementation of these seven standards at the University of Virginia School of Nursing (UVA SON). Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The opening of energy markets in France

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

2002-01-01

After the last 2002 change of government in France, the new changes in the energy policy have started to be implemented. These changes will have some consequences on the energy markets, on the rate of development of competition, and on the institutional modifications of the historical electricity and gas utilities and of their respective regulation authority. During the colloquium on energy, organized at the Senate on June 2002, F. Mer, minister of economy, and N. Fontaine, delegate minister of industry, have expressed their will in this way. This article reworks the highlights of the most significant talks given at this colloquium and makes a selection of some key information, opinions and proposals published in the press during summer. (J.S.)

Neutron detection in an atomic reactor core using semi-conductors; Detection des neutrons par semi-conducteur dans un coeur de reacteur atomique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Divoux, F [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Grenoble (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1968-07-01

In this paper, the first part describes the principle of nuclear particle detection by means of semiconductor diodes and the general application of these. The second part describes fabrication of the device used to estimate thermic neutron fluxes in core of a swimming pool type reactor. The useful volume (2.9 mm thickness) is in the light water moderator, between combustible elements plates. The results, principally obtained in the core of Siloette reactor at the 'Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Grenoble' at low power, are mentioned in the third part. Flux maps have been set and comparison between converter's products: Bore 10, Lithium 6, Uranium 235 is made. (author) [French] Dans ce rapport, une premiere partie porte sur la description du principe de detection des particules nucleaires par diodes a semi-conducteur et sur l'application generale de celles-ci. Une deuxieme partie s'attache a decrire la fabrication du materiel utilise pour evaluer les flux de neutrons thermiques dans un coeur de reacteur type pile piscine. L'espace de mesure (2,9 mm d'epaisseur) se situe entre les plaques des elements combustibles, dans le moderateur eau legere. Les resultats, obtenus principalement dans le coeur du reacteur Siloette du Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Grenoble aux basses puissances de fonctionnement, sont rapportes dans la troisieme partie. Des cartes de flux ont ete dressees et une comparaison est faite entre les produits 'convertisseurs' suivants: Bore 10, Lithium 6, Uranium 235. (auteur)

Status report 1999; Rapport Annuel 1999

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-07-01

This 1999 annual report of the french Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (Cea), gives a general overview of its activities, organization and international relations. The main subjects presented are: the energy policy in the nuclear energy (fuel cycle, reactors, management,thermonuclear fusion) the national defense contribution, the research program, the nuclear safety, the technology assessment, the valorization and transfer of knowledge, the scientific prices and the committees, councils and commissions. (A.L.B.)

Status report 1999

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1999-01-01

This 1999 annual report of the french Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (Cea), gives a general overview of its activities, organization and international relations. The main subjects presented are: the energy policy in the nuclear energy (fuel cycle, reactors, management,thermonuclear fusion) the national defense contribution, the research program, the nuclear safety, the technology assessment, the valorization and transfer of knowledge, the scientific prices and the committees, councils and commissions. (A.L.B.)

Interactions between crush conditions and fire resistance for type B(U) packages less than 500 kg

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huebner, H.W.; Masslowski, J.P.

1983-01-01

In the continuation of the research work by BAM and the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), France, a study was made of the increased risk in regard to low-probability accidents, involving small, type B packages. An evaluation was made of the increased risk when small, type B packages are involved with a low-probability accident - one that involves both crush forces and exposure to a hydrocarbon fire. 3 references, 3 figures

Safety factors influencing the acceptance of food irradiation technology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1989-01-01

The International Consultative Group on Food Irradiation convened a Task Force Meeting on Public Information of Food Irradiation at the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Cadarache from 18 to 21 April 1988. A compilation of scientific papers on subjects of public interest on food irradiation was made by internationally-recognized experts. The report of the meeting and the review papers presented at the meeting are included in this publication. Refs, figs and tabs

Status report 1999; Rapport Annuel 1999

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-07-01

This 1999 annual report of the french Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (Cea), gives a general overview of its activities, organization and international relations. The main subjects presented are: the energy policy in the nuclear energy (fuel cycle, reactors, management,thermonuclear fusion) the national defense contribution, the research program, the nuclear safety, the technology assessment, the valorization and transfer of knowledge, the scientific prices and the committees, councils and commissions. (A.L.B.)

Development of Improved Models and Designs for Coated-Particle Gas Reactor Fuels -- Final Report under the International Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (I-NERI)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Petti, David [Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States). Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Lab. (INEEL); Martin, Philippe [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA-Saclay), Gif-sur-Yvette (France); Phelip, Mayeul [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA-Saclay), Gif-sur-Yvette (France); Ballinger, Ronald [Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)

2004-12-01

The objective of this INERI project was to develop improved fuel behavior models for gas reactor coated-particle fuels and to explore improved coated-particle fuel designs that could be used reliably at very high burnups and potentially in gas-cooled fast reactors. Project participants included the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEEL), Centre Étude Atomique (CEA), and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). To accomplish the project objectives, work was organized into five tasks.

Study of the pyrochemical treatment-recycling process of the Molten Salt Reactor fuel

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boussier, H.; Heuer, D.

2010-01-01

The Separation Processes Studies Laboratory (Commissariat a l'energie Atomique) has made a preliminary assessment of the reprocessing system associated with Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR). The scheme studied in this paper is based on the principle of reductive extraction and metal transfer that constituted the core process designed for the Molten Salt Breeder Reactor (MSBR), although the flow diagram has been adapted to the current needs of the Molten Salt Reactor Fast (MSFR).

Energy efficiency

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2010-01-01

After a speech of the CEA's (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) general administrator about energy efficiency as a first rank challenge for the planet and for France, this publications proposes several contributions: a discussion of the efficiency of nuclear energy, an economic analysis of R and D's value in the field of fourth generation fast reactors, discussions about biofuels and the relationship between energy efficiency and economic competitiveness, and a discussion about solar photovoltaic efficiency

Study of the pyrochemical treatment-recycling process of the Molten Salt Reactor fuel; Estudio de sistema de un proceso de tratamiento-reciclaje piroquimico del combustible de un reactor de sales fundidas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boussier, H.; Heuer, D.

2010-07-01

The Separation Processes Studies Laboratory (Commissariat a l'energie Atomique) has made a preliminary assessment of the reprocessing system associated with Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR). The scheme studied in this paper is based on the principle of reductive extraction and metal transfer that constituted the core process designed for the Molten Salt Breeder Reactor (MSBR), although the flow diagram has been adapted to the current needs of the Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR).

Agricultural diffuse pollution in a chalk aquifer (Trois Fontaines, France): Influence of pesticide properties and hydrodynamic constraints

Science.gov (United States)

Baran, N.; Lepiller, M.; Mouvet, C.

2008-08-01

SummaryThe characterization of the transfer of pesticides to and in groundwater is essential for effective water resource management. Intensive monitoring, from October 1989 to May 2006, of a weakly karstified chalk aquifer system in a 50 km 2 agricultural catchment, enabled the characterization of the temporal variability of pesticide concentrations in the groundwater of the main outlet. Atrazine and its metabolite deethylatrazine were quantified 394 and 393 times in 476 samples with concentrations ranging from the quantification limit (0.025 μg L -1) to 5.3 and 1.86 μg L -1, respectively. This common presence, compared to the rare detections of isoproturon (in 108 of 476 samples), the pesticide most widely used in the catchment during at least the past decade, highlighted the significant effect of pesticide properties in the time series of concentrations observed in the groundwater. The use of geochemical tracers (nitrate, chloride) analysed in the groundwater and the hydrodynamic monitoring of the system (discharge, water levels) enabled identification of various infiltration mechanisms governing the functioning of the system. The hydrodynamic study showing that the relative contribution of the infiltration mechanisms varies with time, made it possible to explain major variations observed in the pesticide-concentration time series recorded at the spring.

The processing and management of wastes from atomic reactors; Nouvelles installations industrielles du C.E.A. pour le traitement des dechets radioactifs liquides et solides

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cerre, P; Mestre, E; Bourdrez, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1964-07-01

The policy concerning radioactive wastes studied by all Atomic Centres has led to various procedures which, while apparently numerous, come under a few standard headings. Whether the wastes are in the liquid or solid state their management depends on their physical and chemical nature. The procedure adopted is governed by three general principles: - determination of the most economical means possible of storage and processing by volume reduction; - conversion to a solid compact form; - complete acceptance of the accepted standards at all places and all times. In this communication all the standard solutions adopted and used by the various Centres of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique will be examined bearing in mind the preceding remarks. Particular mention will be made of the following: - For liquids, physical, chemical and physico-chemical processing - For solids, decontamination, volume reduction and long-term conditioning techniques. The different procedures for collecting and storing solid wastes before and after processing are also discussed. The paper ends with a brief review of the studies, both technical and economic, being pursued on this subject. (authors) [French] La gestion des dechets etudies par tous les Centres Atomiques a donne lieu a des solutions qui - bien que nombreuses en apparence - se ramenent a quelques solutions types, peu nombreuses. Qu'il s'agisse de dechets solides ou liquides, la nature physique et chimique des dechets conditionne leur mode de gestion. Celle-ci procede de trois principes generaux: - recherche du mode de stockage et de traitement aussi economique que possible par reduction de volume; - mise sous forme compacte solide; - garantie du respect des normes en tous lieux et en tous temps. Dans cette communication, nous examinons toutes les solutions types, compte tenu des remarques precedentes, qui ont ete adoptees et sont utilisees par les differents Centres du Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique. Nous rappelons en

Guiding of short, intense laser pulses through solid guides and preformed plasma channels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Borghesi, M.; Mackinnon, A.J.; Gaillard, R.; Malka, G.; Vickers, C.; Willi, O.; Blanchot, N.; Miquel, J.L.; Canaud, B.; Davies, J.R.; Malka, G.; Offenberger, A.A.

2000-01-01

In a series of experiments carried out at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton (UK) and at the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Limeil (France), various techniques of guiding ultra-intense laser pulses over distances exceeding the natural diffraction length were investigated. Efficient guiding was demonstrated both through density channels formed in an underdense plasma by an intense prepulse and through solid guides (hollow capillary tubes). Indication of collimated fast electron propagation though solid targets has also been obtained. (authors)

Spectroscopie de vibration infrarouge du silicium amorphe ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... évaporé (a-Si:H) préparées dans un bâti ultra-vide (UHV). L'hydrogène atomique est obtenu à l'aide d'un plasma dans un tube à décharge dirigé vers le porte-substrat. Les fréquences de vibrations et la nature des liaisons Si-H ont été analysées à partir des mesures de spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier.

Modeling Nonlinear Elastic-plastic Behavior of RDX Single Crystals During Indentation

Science.gov (United States)

2012-01-01

single crystals has also been probed using shock experiments (6, 12) and molecular dynamics simulations (12–14). RDX undergoes a polymorphic phase...Patterson, J.; Dreger, Z.; Gupta, Y. Shock-wave Induced Phase Transition in RDX Single Crystals. J. Phys. Chem. B 2007, 111, 10897–10904. 17. Bedrov, D...and Volume Compression of β - HMX and RDX . In Proc. Int. Symp. High Dynamic Pressures; Commissariat a l’Energie Atomique: Paris, 1978; pp 3–8. 24

Inventory of stress situations in nuclear power plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saint-Jean, T.

1986-04-01

Anxious to pursue an in-depth analysis of stress phenomena in nuclear power plants in order to offer utilities appropriate solutions, Electricite de France and the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique have jointly asked the Laboratoire de Psychologie du Travail to prepare an inventory of stress situations in nuclear electricity-generating centers. This document describes the approach used, the main concepts which have served as guidelines, and the methods of interpreting the results obtained through observations and questionnaires

System to forecast health effects in order to determine necessary counter-measures in case an accidental atmospheric release

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Merchant, T.E.; Parmentier, N.

1985-01-01

In most accident situations involving radioactivity, the required data are the quantitative evaluation of the relevant constituents of the release and the dose factors applicable for these constituents. In the problem of an atmospheric release of radioactivity a third group of data also comes into play, the meteorological conditions at the site and time of the accident. The solution to this problem is the construction of a computer code which, by employing acquired compositions of the release as well as physical accident conditions (at the time of the incident), can be effectively run to calculate and present useful dosimetric data. To meet this need, an interactive computer program has been constructed by the Institut de Protection et de Surete Nucleaire of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique which calculates the gamut of dosimetric and statistical information for a region of accidental radiological concern. Application of the program is such that it outputs dosimetric information and other important data in a form independent of the site under consideration, allowing, at the same time, the computation of the same information for areas where demographics show them to be of the highest radiological concern. All this is done after requiring minimal user input

Semiclosed thromboendoarterectomy on femoro-popliteal tract revisited after a fourteen years experience on 595 cases.

Science.gov (United States)

Vercellio, G; Castelli, P; Coletti, M; Carlesi, R; Agrifoglio, G

1986-01-01

In the seventies atherosclerotic femoropopliteal lesions were extensively treated by means of retrograde semiclosed thromboendarterectomy (FP-TEA) an analytic follow-up of cases, until 1980, induced the modification of the indications to FP-TEA. Currently the FP-TEA technique is only employed for patients at the 2nd Fontaine's stage with disabling claudication (generally less than 100 mt) with a good distal run-off (at least 2 tibial vessels patent). The report deals with a series of 595 cases operated in the period January 1971-December 1984. In 45% of cases FP-TEA was associated with a proximal revascularization. In an attempt to focus on the factors that may influence the outcome, the patients operated in 1976, 1980, 1984, were assessed and the results related to clinical stage, angiographic pattern and postoperative treatment.

Irradiation tests of U3Si2-Al fuels up to very high fission densities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nuding, M.; Boening, K.

2001-01-01

The new research reactor of the Munich Technical University (TUM), the FRM-II, will have U 3 Si 2 -Al as the fuel. This fuel is considered qualified and optimally usable in the light of findings obtained in the RERTR program (Reduced Enrichment for Research and Test Reactors). The RERTR program was conducted to develop new fuel for the use of low enriched uranium (LEU) in research reactors. As the unique properties of the FRM-II in research and application are based also on achieving a very compact reactor core with highly enriched uranium (HEU), additional irradiation tests were performed on the basis of the RERTR program. They were run in close cooperation with the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) in its SILOE and OSIRIS facilities, among others. After extensive evaluation, also of other studies, these tests confirm the RERTR findings about fuel swelling behavior and, consequently, the suitability of U 3 Si 2 -Al (HEU) for use in the compact core of the FRM-II. (orig.) [de

The Josephson effect in atomic contacts; Effect Josephson dans les contacts atomiques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chauvin, M

2005-11-15

The Josephson effect appears when a weak-link establishes phase coherence between two superconductors. A unifying theory of this effect emerged in the 90's within the framework of mesoscopic physics. Based on two cornerstone concepts, conduction channels and Andreev reflection, it predicts the current-phase relation for the most basic weak-link: a single conduction channel of arbitrary transmission. This thesis illustrates this mesoscopic point of view with experiments on superconducting atomic size contacts. In particular, we have focused on the supercurrent peak around zero voltage, put into evidence the ac Josephson currents in a contact under constant bias voltage (Shapiro resonances and photon assisted multiple Andreev reflections), and performed direct measurements of the current-phase relation. (author)

The DIVA programme: General presentation and first results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dumaz, P.; Duc, B.

2000-01-01

The French 'Commissariat a I'Energie Atomique' (CEA/DRN, Nuclear Reactor Division) is carrying out a new programme devoted to the thermal-hydraulics of steam injectors. This programme was called DIVA. Both experimental and theoretical works are planned. Motivations, objectives, test facility and test section dimensioning of this new programme are presented. A first test series was just performed. The validation of the test section dimensioning and experimental procedures was obtained. These first experimental data are presented and preliminary analyses are given. (author)

Comportement à la corrosion intrinsèque de couches minces à base ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Mo, le Mg et les Terres rares Y et Gd. Le réacteur de pulvérisation ... dépôts réalisés sur substrat en verre servent pour la caractérisation de leur .... en Terres rares. Ceci pourrait s'expliquer par la différence de rayon atomique entre ces deux terres rares et celui de l'Al pur. (rY = 0,177 nm, rGd = 0,178 nm et. rAl = 0,143 nm).

Cogema looks to wider markets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cruikshank, A.

1984-01-01

As the pace of the French nuclear programme slackens off, Cogema is planning to compete even more vigorously in world fuel cycle markets. The company believes the foundations for success lie in its comprehensive range of fuel cycle activities, its status as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, and its experience in fulfilling the bulk of French fuel cycle needs. To build on these foundations, Cogema is exploring for uranium, investing heavily in new plant, and strengthening its commercial management. (author)

Electrical circuits of an electromagnetic isotope separator; Circuits electriques d'un separateur d'isotopes electromagnetique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Neyron, A. [Commissariat a l' energie atomique et aux energies alternatives - CEA, Centre d' etudes nucleaires de Saclay (France)

1959-07-01

After an outline of the general principles governing the operation of an electromagnetic isotope separator, the electrical characteristics necessary to this operation are given. First the electrical characteristics of the ion source are briefly presented. The author then gives a detailed account of the construction of the H.T. acceleration supply of which the maxima characteristics are 80 kV and 150 mA with stabilisation of the order of 4.10{sup -4}. Reprint of a paper published in 'Industries Atomiques' - n. 3-4, 1959.

Safety of confinement of Super Phenix: MARS test

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Falgayrettes, M.F.G.; Hamon, P.; Fiche, C.

1984-08-01

The protection of people and property must be assured by every situation around an industrial power plant. That is why the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique has defined the size of the confinement of Super Phenix to withstand the worst highly hypothetical accident. This report presents the study of the strength of the confinement carried out on a reactor mock-up. The latter is presented in film. The solution which have been adopted for the problem encountered are emphasized. Finally consequences are examined [fr

Electrical circuits of an electromagnetic isotope separator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Neyron, A.

1959-01-01

After an outline of the general principles governing the operation of an electromagnetic isotope separator, the electrical characteristics necessary to this operation are given. First the electrical characteristics of the ion source are briefly presented. The author then gives a detailed account of the construction of the H.T. acceleration supply of which the maxima characteristics are 80 kV and 150 mA with stabilisation of the order of 4.10 -4 . Reprint of a paper published in 'Industries Atomiques' - n. 3-4, 1959

Homage to Jean Teillac

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matteoli, J.; Dermagne, J.; Rouvillois, Ph.; Baleras, R.; Dautray, R.; Detraz, C.; Yoccoz, J.; Curien, H.; Rebut, P.H.; Caristan, Y.; Wallard, H. E.

1997-01-01

On the 10 November 1994 has taken place, to the 'Conseil economique et social', a ceremony in homage to the professor Jean Teillac, organized by: the' Conseil economique et social' (the president Jean Matteoli) the'Commissariat a l'energie atomique' (the general Administrator Philippe Rouvillois, the High - Commissioner Robert Dautray) The National center of the scientific research(CNRS) the national physics institute of particles (the Director Claude Detraz) The University of Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6 (the President Jean-Claude Legrand). (N.C.)

A computer code for fault tree calculations: PATREC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blin, A.; Carnino, A.; Koen, B.V.; Duchemin, B.; Lanore, J.M.; Kalli, H.

1978-01-01

A computer code for evaluating the reliability of complex system by fault tree is described in this paper. It uses pattern recognition approach and programming techniques from IBM PL1 language. It can take account of many of the present day problems: multi-dependencies treatment, dispersion in the reliability data parameters, influence of common mode failures. The code is running currently since two years now in Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique Saclay center and shall be used in a future extension for automatic fault trees construction

Glossaire des sigles

OpenAIRE

2015-01-01

ABM Anti-ballistic missile = Missile antimissile balistique AGM Air-to-ground missile = Missile air-sol AIEA Agence Internationale de l’Energie Atomique ALCM Air-launched cruise missile = Missile de croisière air-sol ANSEA Association des Nations du Sud-Est asiatique ANT* Arme nucléaire tactique ASAT Anti-satellite = Arme antisatellite ASW Anti-submarine warfare = Guerre anti-sous-marine AWACS Airborne warning and control system = Système aérien de contrôle et d’alerte BMD Ballistic missile d...

The Cryogenic Studying and Filling Facilities for the Laser Megajoule Targets

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bachelet, F.; Vincent-Viry, O.; Collier, R.; Fleury, E.; Jeannot, L.; Legaie, O.; Pascal, G. [CEA Valduc, DAM, 21 - Is-sur-Tille (France); Perin, J. P.; Viargues, F. [CEA Grenoble, DSM INAC SBT, 38 (France)

2009-04-15

As part of the French Inertial Confinement Fusion program, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique has developed cryogenic target assemblies (CTAs) for the Laser Megajoule (LMJ) and a program in two stages for the permeation filling of these CTAs: (a) the permeation filling studies with the Study Filling Station cryostats and (b) the design and manufacturing of the whole operational chain of CTA filling facilities. This paper deals with the description of both the cryogenic studying and the filling facilities for the LMJ targets. (authors)

High-accuracy measurements of the normal specular reflectance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Voarino, Philippe; Piombini, Herve; Sabary, Frederic; Marteau, Daniel; Dubard, Jimmy; Hameury, Jacques; Filtz, Jean Remy

2008-01-01

The French Laser Megajoule (LMJ) is designed and constructed by the French Commissariata l'Energie Atomique (CEA). Its amplifying section needs highly reflective multilayer mirrors for the flash lamps. To monitor and improve the coating process, the reflectors have to be characterized to high accuracy. The described spectrophotometer is designed to measure normal specular reflectance with high repeatability by using a small spot size of 100 μm. Results are compared with ellipsometric measurements. The instrument can also perform spatial characterization to detect coating nonuniformity

2014 Accelerators meeting, Grenoble

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lucotte, Arnaud; Lamy, Thierry; De Conto, Jean-Marie; Fontaine, Alain; Revol, Jean-Luc; Nadolski, Laurent S.; Kazamias, Sophie; Vretenar, Maurizio; Ferrando, Philippe; Laune, Bernard; Vedrine, Pierre

2014-10-01

The Accelerators meeting is organised every two years by the Accelerators division of the French Society of Physics (SFP). It brings together about 50 participants during a one-day meeting. The morning sessions are devoted to scientific presentations while the afternoon is dedicated to technical visits of facilities. This document brings together the available presentations (slides): 1 - Presentation of the Laboratory of subatomic physics and cosmology - LPSC-Grenoble (Lucotte, Arnaud; Lamy, Thierry); 2 - Presentation of the Accelerators division of the French Society of Physics (Fontaine, Alain; Revol, Jean-Luc); 3 - Presentation of Grenoble's master diplomas in Accelerator physics (Nadolski, Laurent S.); 4 - Presentation of Paris' master diplomas in big instruments (Kazamias, Sophie); 5 - Particle accelerators and European Union's projects (Vretenar, Maurizio); 6 - French research infrastructures (Ferrando, Philippe); 7 - Coordination of accelerators activity in France (Laune, Bernard; Vedrine, Pierre)

The formation of scientists and technicians at the 'Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires' at Saclay; Formation des scientifiques et des techniciens au Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Debiesse, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1958-07-01

The considerable needs in research workers and scientists which are asked by the nuclear energy obliged the Commissariat a l'Energie atomique to deal with a particular effort to increase the quantitative and qualitative formation of scientists. Most various ways have been used. 1- A National Institute of Nuclear Sciences and Nuclear Techniques was created, by a joint decree of the Prime Minister and the Minister for National Education (june 18, 1957). This Institute of Higher Teaching (250 students) indulges in the following matters: atomic engineering, quantum mechanics, theory and technic of particle accelerators, special metallurgy, radiobiology, thermic and mechanics of fluids. 2- An associated centre of the 'Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers' waeated (200 students) for technical assistants, drawers, etc. 3- In contribution with both electronic industry and Ministry of Work, the Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires contributes to an accelerated formation of technical assistants into Professional Centres. Conclusion: Training of scientists and research workers is one of the most important activities of the Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay. Without losing its technical efficiency, it has supplied and varied means adapted to the various purposes that we shall reach. (author)Fren. [French] Les besoins considerables actuels et previsibles en chercheurs et scientifiques necessites par l'avevement de l'energie nucleaire imposaient au Commissariat a I'Energie atomique un effort particulier pour augmenter la formation quantitative et qualitative des scientifiques. Les moyens les plus divers ont ete mis en oeuvre: 1- Creation de l'Institut National des Sciences et Techniques Nucleaires par decret de la Presidence du Conseil et de l'Education Nationale en date du 18.6.57. Cet Institut d'Enseignement Superieur (250 etudiants) donne des cours en: genie atomique, mecanique quantique, theorie et technique des Accelerateurs de particules, metallurgie speciale, radiobiologie

Diffusion and Kirkendall effect in plutonium-zirconium system; Diffusion et effet Kirkendall dans le systeme plutonium-zirconium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Remy, C [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1968-10-01

Results are reported for the chemical diffusion in {epsilon}{beta} phase (bcc) over the range 10 - 70 atomic per cent plutonium. Concentration-penetration curves, obtained by using electron microprobe, have been analysed by Hall and Matano methods. Chemical diffusion coefficients, measured from 650 to 900 deg. C., increase with plutonium concentration and follow the Arrhenius law. Activation energies range from 18000 up to 44000 cal/mole for plutonium concentrations from 60 to 20 atomic per cent plutonium. Kirkendall effect has been observed by the shift of inert markers located originally at the Zr-PuZr interface. Analysis of intrinsic diffusion coefficients variation, flux of the two species and lattice velocity has been carried out by the incremental couples technique by using Darken and Heumann equations. It was found that D{sub Pu} > D{sub Zr}; the ratio D{sub Pu}/D{sub Zr} increases from 1 to 6 over the range 15 - 60 atomic per cent Pu. Activation energies for intrinsic diffusion coefficients vary between 25 and 50 Kcal/mole. (author) [French] Nous donnons des resultats sur la diffusion chimique en phase {epsilon}{beta} (cc) de 10 a 70 pour cent atomique en plutonium. Les courbes concentration-penetration, obtenues par microanalyse X ont ete depouillees par les methodes de HALL et de MATANO. Les coefficients de diffusion chimique mesures de 650 deg. C a 900 deg. C., augmentent avec la concentration en plutonium et suivent la loi d'ARRHENIUS. Les energies d'activation passent de 18000 a 44000 calories par mole pour des concentrations de 60 a 20 pour cent atomique en plutonium. L'existence d'un effet KIRKENDALL a ete mis en evidence par le deplacement de fils inertes places initialement dans le plan de soudure. L'analyse de la variation des coefficients de diffusion intrinseques, des flux des deux especes et de la vitesse du reseau a ete faite par la technique des couples incrementaux en utilisant les equations de DARKEN et de HEUMANN. On trouve D{sub Pu} > D

Atom interferometry with lithium atoms: theoretical analysis and design of an interferometer, applications; Interferometrie atomique avec l'atome de lithium: analyse theorique et construction d'un interferometre, applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Champenois, C

1999-12-01

This thesis is devoted to studies which prepared the construction of an atom Mach-Zehnder interferometer. In such an interferometer, the propagating waves are spatially separated, and the internal state of the atom is not modified. The beam-splitters are diffraction gratings, consisting of standing optical waves near-resonant with an atomic transition. We use the Bloch functions to define the atom wave inside the standing wave grating and thus explain the diffraction process in different cases. We developed a nearly all-analytical model for the propagation of an atom wave inside a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The contrast of the signal is studied for many cases: phase or amplitude gratings, effects of extra paths, effects of the main mismatches, monochromatic or lightly polychromatic sources. Finally, we discuss three interferometric measurements we think very interesting. The first, the index of refraction of gas for atomic waves, is studied in detail, with numerical simulations. The other measures we propose deal with the electrical properties of lithium. We discuss the ultimate limit for the measure of the static electric polarizability of lithium by atomic interferometry. Then, we discuss how one could measure the possible charge of the lithium atom. We conclude that an optically cooled and collimated atom beam would improve precision. (author)

A study of the aptitude of soils under natural conditions to retain radiostrontium; Etude de la vocation des sols en place a la retention du radiostrontium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bovard, P; Grauby, A [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1960-07-01

Independently of the theoretical study of the propagation of radioactivity in the soil as a result of submersions or of radioactive rain, the authors have studied directly and practically how this radioactivity can vary in the actual soil. To this end a simple, rapid method has been perfected; it makes it possible to maintain for each soil sample the natural parameters (structure, humidity, etc.) without introducing boundary effects. In the laboratory, after charging the soil samples, part of the study of the propagation of radioactivity is done by autoradiography; finally, as a practical application, the study of an atomic site illustrates the methods described. (author) [French] Independamment de l'etude theorique de la propagation de la radioactivite dans le sol a la suite de submersions ou de pluies radioactives, les auteurs ont etudie directement et pratiquement comment pourrait evoluer cette radioactivite dans les sols en place. Pour cela, une methode simple et rapide a ete mise au point; elle permet de conserver pour chaque echantillon de sol, les parametres naturels (structure, humidite, etc...), sans introduire d'effets de paroi. En laboratoire, apres mise en charge des massifs preleves, une partie de l'etude de la propagation des radioelements est realisee par autoradiographie; enfin, une application pratique, l'etude d'un site atomique, illustre l'expose. (auteur)

A study of the aptitude of soils under natural conditions to retain radiostrontium; Etude de la vocation des sols en place a la retention du radiostrontium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bovard, P.; Grauby, A. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1960-07-01

Independently of the theoretical study of the propagation of radioactivity in the soil as a result of submersions or of radioactive rain, the authors have studied directly and practically how this radioactivity can vary in the actual soil. To this end a simple, rapid method has been perfected; it makes it possible to maintain for each soil sample the natural parameters (structure, humidity, etc.) without introducing boundary effects. In the laboratory, after charging the soil samples, part of the study of the propagation of radioactivity is done by autoradiography; finally, as a practical application, the study of an atomic site illustrates the methods described. (author) [French] Independamment de l'etude theorique de la propagation de la radioactivite dans le sol a la suite de submersions ou de pluies radioactives, les auteurs ont etudie directement et pratiquement comment pourrait evoluer cette radioactivite dans les sols en place. Pour cela, une methode simple et rapide a ete mise au point; elle permet de conserver pour chaque echantillon de sol, les parametres naturels (structure, humidite, etc...), sans introduire d'effets de paroi. En laboratoire, apres mise en charge des massifs preleves, une partie de l'etude de la propagation des radioelements est realisee par autoradiographie; enfin, une application pratique, l'etude d'un site atomique, illustre l'expose. (auteur)

RHTF 2, a 1200 MWe high temperature reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brisbois, Jacques

1978-01-01

After having adapted to French conditions the 1160 MWe G.A.C. reactor, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and French Industry have decided to design an High Temperature Reactor 1200 MWe based on the G.A.C. technology and taking into account the point of view of Electricite de France and the experience of C.E.A. and industry on the gas cooled reactor technology. The main objective of this work is to produce a reactor design having a low technical risk, good operability, with an emphasis on the safety aspects easing the licensing problems

Scientists and professionals from all around the world in Karlsruhe. Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn summer school 2013 on nuclear reactors 'Physics, Fuels and Systems'

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sanchez-Espinoza, V.H.; Fischer, U. [Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen (Germany). Scientific Secretariat FJOHSS

2014-02-15

Every 2 years the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) organizes the Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn (FJOH) Summer School together with the Commissariat a l'-Energie Atomique (CEA) since 1999. In 2013, the FJOH Summer School took place in Karlsruhe from 21 to 30 August. The topic of this year's school was 'Advanced Nuclear Systems with Transuranium Fuels'. Experts from internationally well recognized research institutions and Universities from USA, Japan, Asia and Europe gave lectures about the current status and trends on the related fields. (orig.)

Abréviations

OpenAIRE

2013-01-01

A AELE – Association européenne de libre échangeAIE – Agence internationale de l’énergieAIEA – Agence internationale de l’énergie atomiqueAMF – Arrangement concernant le commerce international des textiles, dit Arrangement multifibresAPD – Aide publique au développement B BAD – Banque africaine de développementBNS – Banque nationale suisse C CAD – Comité d’aide au développement de l’OCDE ; regroupe les pays suivants Australie, Autriche, Belgique, Canada, Danemark, Finlande, France, Allemagne,...

Analytical and experimental studies of mechanical consequences of a steam generator tube rupture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Duc, B.; Sudreau, F.; Rassineux, B.

1995-01-01

Concerning to steam generator tubes support mechanical loadings due to the impact f the ruptured one, Electricite de France, with the support of Commissariat a l'Energie. Atomique, has undertaken a large study in order to evaluate the consequences of such loadings. This paper first presents the results of the tests performed on AQUITAINE 2 facility (CEA Cadarache research center) for nominal, faulted and boiler effect conditions. Those results are then compared with numerical dynamic elastoplastic analyses performed with CASTEM 2000 code (CEA system). (author). 1 ref., 14 figs

Training sessions for radiation protection. A singular occasion to analyze the risk perception by nuclear workers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Escudie, M.

1986-04-01

The training sessions for radiation protection - given on the one hand to employees of the decontamination and storage action section, of the nuclear center of Saclay, and on the other hand to technicians of low and medium activity laboratories - represent a goog ground to test hypotheses mentioned at the origin of the analysis of the perception of risk by the nuclear workers undertaken by the Laboratoire d'Etude du Facteur Humain (L.E.F.H., Human Factor Analysis Laboratory) of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA, Atomic Energy Commission of France)

Nuclear purity and the production of uranium (1962)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Verte, P.

1962-01-01

When the production of 'nuclear grade' uranium is dealt with, it is difficult, the author of this study points out, to separate its chemical, technical, and economical bearings. While recalling the evolution of chemical processes in various countries and describing the technic of uranium manufacture in the plant of the French 'Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique' at Le Bouchet, the author outlines the effect of economical contingencies on the problems the chemists and engineer are faced with. The question of cost price is also considered here with particular attention. (author) [fr

The french criticality handbook

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maubert, L.; Puit, J.C.

1987-01-01

The french criticality handbook, published in 1978 by the ''Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique'', is presented with the main targets aimed by the writer and the main choices taken relating to fissile mediums, reflection conditions, dilution curves. The validation of the critical values is presented as one of the most important aspects of this handbook which is mainly intended, in the mind of the author, to specialists well advertised in the field of criticality. The complements which have been introduced since 1978 and those which are foreseen in a near future are also detailed. (author)

Decree no 76-845 of 1 September 1976 setting up a Council for external nuclear policy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1976-01-01

This Decree has set up a Council for External Nuclear Policy, chaired by the President of the Republic, and includes the Prime Minister, the Ministers for Economy and Finance (these duties are presently discharged by the Prime Minister), Defence, Industry, Trade and Crafts, External Trade, and the Administrator-General of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, as well as the Minister of Foreign Affairs. The duty of this Council is to define the various aspects of external nuclear policy, in particular, regarding the export of technology, equipment and sensitive nuclear products. (NEA) [fr

Elements of strategy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Costa, L.

1997-01-01

This paper describes the three main types of research and development (R and D) international cooperations that exist at the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) in the domain of nuclear reactors. These are: the valorization of French R and D, the direct or indirect support to industrial nuclear development, and the support of the French economical and industrial policies. The cooperation with Japan in the domain of light water and fast breeding reactors, future reactors, fuel cycle, and plutonium management is given as an example. (J.S.)

Vulcano: a dedicated R and D program to master corium recuperation for future reactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bouchter, J.C.; Cognet, G.

1994-01-01

In the field of Severe Accident studies for future Nuclear Power Plants, the CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) has launched an important program operating with UO 2 materials. General objectives cover the qualification of industrial core-catcher concepts as well as the improvement of the understanding of corium behaviour inside the pressure vessel. After a presentation of the general scope of the project, the paper focuses on the first experimental phase (VULCANO E-30) which deals with major questions of core-catcher concepts based on spreading and flooding principles. (authors). 3 refs., 6 figs

Experimental study of reactor waste lixiviation depending on waste loading Task 3 Characterization of radioactive waste forms A series of final reports (1985-89) No. 8

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saas, A.; Girard, J.

1991-01-01

This study on the lixiviation of reactor wastes has been in progress since August 1988. The production of inactive samples and studies on their lixiviation, of which the results are presented, have been carried out by EDF (Electricite de France). The CEA (Commissariat a l'energie atomique) produced the active samples for which the results of lixiviation studies are available. The full-scale active packages have been manufactured and an indication of first values for lixiviation on these is given at 180 days. The main conclusions concerning lixiviation mechanisms are given

Deep tissue near infrared second derivative spectrophotometry for the assessment of claudication in peripheral arterial disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Koutsiaris, Aristotle G

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study was the application of a second derivative near infrared spectrophotometric (NIRS) technique to the human calf muscle in order to see if peripheral arterial disease (PAD) patients can be discriminated from control subjects, before, during and after a standard treadmill exercise test. Three groups of human subjects were studied: group A consisted of 10 control subjects and groups B and C were formed by PAD patients classified as Fontaine's stage 2a (5 patients) and 2b (10 patients), respectively. The measurement protocol for all groups was 9.75 minutes of standing up (phase 1), 1 minute of exercise (phase 2) and 1 minute of rest (phase 3). Seven variables were defined at different times from the onset of the measurement protocol. All variables were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in group A in comparison to groups B and C. The level of significance was ten times higher (p < 0.005) at the onset (15 seconds) of the experiment and during phases 2 and 3. However, none of the variables in group B was significantly different from those in group C. It is shown for the first time that a second derivative NIRS technique can discriminate (p = 0.003) healthy subjects from PAD patients, in just 15 seconds of standing, with no exercise requirement. More experiments are required in order to uncover the full potential of the technique in the diagnosis of the PAD.

Cadmium-emitter self-powered thermal neutron detector performance characterization & reactor power tracking capability experiments performed in ZED-2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

LaFontaine, M.W., E-mail: physics@execulink.com [LaFontaine Consulting, Kitchener, Ontario (Canada); Zeller, M.B. [Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario (Canada); Nielsen, K. [Royal Military College of Canada, SLOWPOKE-2 Reactor, Kingston, Ontario (Canada)

2014-07-01

Cadmium-emitter self-powered thermal neutron flux detectors (SPDs), are typically used for flux monitoring and control applications in low temperature, test reactors such as the SLOWPOKE-2. A collaborative program between Atomic Energy of Canada, academia (Royal Military College of Canada (RMCC)) and industry (LaFontaine Consulting) was initiated to characterize the incore performance of a typical Cd-emitter SPD; and to obtain a definitive measure of the capability of the detector to track changes in reactor power in real time. Prior to starting the experiment proper, Chalk River Laboratories' ZED-2 was operated at low power (5 watts nominal) to verify the predicted moderator critical height. Test measurements were then performed with the vertical center of the SPD emitter positioned at the vertical mid-plane of the ZED-2 reactor core. Measurements were taken with the SPD located at lattice position L0 (near center), and repeated at lattice position P0 (in D{sub 2}O reflector). An ionization chamber (part of the ZED-2 control instrumentation) monitored reactor power at a position located on the south side of the outside wall of the reactor's calandria. These experiments facilitated measurement of the absolute thermal neutron sensitivity of the subject Cd-emitter SPD, and validated the power tracking capability of said SPD. Procedural details of the experiments, data, calculations and associated graphs, are presented and discussed. (author)

Applications of prospecting geochemical techniques to the search for and to the study of uranium deposits in metropolitan France; Applications des techniques geochimiques de prospection a la recherche et a l'etude des gites uraniferes en France metropolitaine

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Grimbert, Arnold

1957-07-01

After having recalled facts which leaded the CEA to use new geochemical techniques for the prospecting of uranium deposits through sampling and analysis of soils and waters, the author describes the organisation and methods implemented for this prospecting activity: team composition for sampling and analysis, role of each engineer and technician in the prospecting stages (preliminary study, routine prospecting, result interpretation), sampling and analysis processes. He also reports campaigns of geochemical prospecting: study of the La Chapelle Largeau deposit (objectives, geological context, preliminary study, routine prospecting, study of geochemical anomalies), tactical research on Verneix indices (study of radioactivity anomaly discovered by radio-prospecting), strategical searches in a non prospected area in the South of Avallon. The author discusses the issues of efficiency and cost price of this geochemical prospecting technique in soils and in waters. Appendices present the equipment and operation modality for soil sampling, and for soil sample preparation, and principles, equipment and products for soil analysis and for water analysis [French] A la suite des resultats satisfaisants obtenus dans la recherche de methodes de dosage adaptees au cas de l'uranium, la Direction des Recherches Minieres du Commissariat a l'Energie atomique a decide, en decembre 1954, d'utiliser, conjointement avec les methodes classiques de prospection, les techniques geochimiques pour la recherche et l'etude des gites uraniferes. Ces applications pratiques ont ete confiees a une Section de Geochimie dont l'organisation, les moyens en personnel et en materiel, ainsi que les methodes de travail, font l'objet d'un expose detaille. Quelques exemples de prospection, en France metropolitaine, montrent la nature des problemes poses (etude d'un gisement connu, recherche tactique sur des indices, recherche strategique dans une region non prospectee), les methodes utilisees pour les

The industrial development of atomic energy; Le developpement industriel de l'energie atomique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kowarski, L [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Paris (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1955-07-01

Countries with large stock of fissile material and producing large quantity of nuclear pure {sup 235}U and {sup 239}Pu are able to allocate part of the stock to non military research. For countries with low stock of fissile material, all the stock is allocated to military research. An economical and technical solution has to be find to dedicate a part of fissile material to non military research and develop the atomic energy industry. It stated the industrial and economical problems and in particular the choice between the use of enriched fuel with high refining cost or depleted fuel with low production cost. It discusses of four possible utilizations of the natural resources: reactors functioning with pure fissile material ({sup 235}U or {sup 239}Pu) or concentrated material ({sup 235}U mixed with small quantities of {sup 238}U after an incomplete isotopic separation), breeder reactors functioning with enriched material mixed with {sup 238}U or Thorium placed in an appropriate spatial distribution to allow neutrons beam to activate {sup 238}U or Thorium with the regeneration of fissile material in {sup 239}Pu, reactors using natural uranium or low enriched uranium can also produce Plutonium with less efficiency than breeder reactors and the last solution being the use of natural uranium with the only scope of energy production and no production of secondary fissile material. The first class using pure fissile material has a low energy efficiency and is used only by large fissile material stock countries to accumulate energy in small size fuel for nuclear engines researches for submarines and warships. The advantage of the second class of reactors, breeder reactors, is that they produce energy and plutonium. Two type of breeder reactor are considered: breeder reactor using pure fissile material and {sup 238}U or breeder reactor using the promising mixture of pure fissile material and Thorium. Different projects are in phase of development in United States, England and Scotland. The third class of reactor using natural uranium as fuel are presented as a possibility for double-function reactor with the production of plutonium and energy, but the neutron balance is lower than with breeder reactor. One solution is to increase the temperature of functioning but it induces to change the structure materials and moderators. Different solutions are discussed about the utilization of graphite or heavy water as moderators. The last class of reactors using natural uranium and producing only energy is considered by countries with no uranium stock, the energy efficiency and balance, as well as the costs, are then of more importance. Finally, it presented conclusions about the different economic strategies about the industrial development of atomic energy in countries with and without fissile material resources. (M.P.)

Changes in the legal status of the Commissariat a l'energie atomique (Cea)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grammatico-Vidal, L.

2009-01-01

The Cea a public research institution was re-classified among the energy research establishments (11 december 2008). The Cea, as the result of exceptional circumstances and complex activities, is today entering into a new era and must confront many national and supranational challenges. It is preparing, in effect, for a future nuclear industry (safer, less polluting, non-proliferating and more economical) and is conducting research into other energy solutions within the framework of sustainable development and limited greenhouse gas effects (hydrogen technology, fusion, alternative energy technologies). It also has another goal, to make technological research available to industry, not only by developing micro and nano-technologies or even to contribute technology for the benefit of scientific knowledge of living creatures, matter, climate and the environment. The new classification of the Cea as a research establishment in the field of energy, a heading which includes three other entities (A.N.D.R.A., A.D.E.M.E. and I.F.P.), raises questions about its specialization and diversification. However, no substantive change was made to the drafting of the legislative provisions so it is possible to imagine that the Cea takes initiatives in other fields, at the instigation or with the approval of the government, a matter which is facilitated by its classification in the E.P.I.C. category (public establishment at industrial and commercial character). The Cea also represents France in international organisations in the nuclear sector, such as the OECD Nuclear energy agency (Nea), the International atomic energy agency (IAEA) and the European communities. It also participates in intergovernmental negotiations in the nuclear field and ensures any follow-up required with regard to any resulting agreements. today, the Cea plays a major role in the implementation of French nuclear policy with the aim of making available to countries wishing to develop nuclear energy, a framework which guarantees non-proliferation, security and safety. this role is completed by its very active participation in the global energy partnership initiative alongside the United States department of energy. The Cea is also responsible for all french research activities on controlled thermonuclear fusion carried out within the EURATOM framework since 1959.In fact, in Europe, all research into this topic is integrated into one single programme, such as Switzerland, take part in it by means of a contract of association with the European Union which is administered by the Cea. The work is carried out by qualified European research bodies known collectively as the EURATOM fusion associations. (N.C.)

Gamma Camera with Image Amplifier: Application in Nuclear Medicine; Camera Gamma a Amplificateur d'Image: Application en Medecine Nucleaire

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kellershohn, C.; Vernejoul, P. de; Desgrez, A. [CEA, Service Hospitalier Frederic Joliot, Orsay (France); Lequais, J.; Roux, G.; Lansiart, A. [CEA, Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette (France)

1969-05-15

cardiac haemodynamics as well as pulmonary ventilation. (author) [French] La camera decrite comprend une optique constituee par une grille de plomb collimatrice a 649 canaux cylindriques de 130 mm de longueur et 5,5 mm de diametre, un detecteur constitue par une mosaieque de 700 cristaux de Nal(Tl) d'un diametre utile de 5, 5 mm et d'une longueur de 20 mm avec une distance entre les axes de 7,5 mm, et un dispositif d'amplification de lumiere constitue par un premier amplificateur d'image n Ring-Operator 9463 de la Compagnie francaise Thomson-Houston dont la photocathode est en contact optique avec le detecteur et qui est lui-meme couple optiquement a un deuxieme amplificateur a grand gain de lumiere P829A de English Electric Valve. Suivant un principe expose pour la premiere fois durant la precedente conference organisee par l'Agence internationale de l'energie atomique sur l'exploration medicale (scanning) ce deuxieme amplificateur peut etre egalement utilise comme un obturateur electronique dont l'ouverture est commandee par un photomultiplicateur selectionnant la lumiere ayant pour origine la source radioactive examinee. Ce dispositif elimine tres efficacement le bruit de fond du premier tube amplificateur. Sur le plan des applications la camera est utilisee sous deux regimes de fonctionnement: d'une part,en mettant en jeu le dispositif d'obturation electronique dont la cadence d'ouverture et de fermeture peut atteindre 10 kHz, le bruit de fond est pratiquement elimine et il est possible de realiser avec des doses traceuses de radioelements conventionnels des images d'organes tels que la thyroiede, le foie, le rein, etc. en des temps de pose tres courts par rapport a la scintigraphie habituelle; d'autre part,en utilisant des radioelements a demi-vie effective tres courte a de tres hautes activites, de l'ordre de plusieurs millicuries Inverted-Question-Mark il n'est plus necessaire de mettre en jeu la suppression du bruit de fond et sa frequence de repetition limitee a

Vasoactive enzymes and blood flow responses to passive and active exercise in peripheral arterial disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Walker, Meegan A.; Høier, Birgitte; Walker, Philip J.

2016-01-01

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is characterised by impaired leg blood flow, which contributes to claudication and reduced exercise capacity. This study investigated to what extent vasoactive enzymes might contribute to altered blood flow in PAD (Fontaine stage II). Methods: We...... compared femoral artery blood flow during reactive hyperaemia, leg-extension exercise and passive leg movement, and determined the level of vasoactive enzymes in skeletal muscle samples from the vastus lateralis in PAD (n = 10, 68.5 ± 6.5 years) and healthy controls (CON, n = 9, 62.1 ± 12.3 years). Leg...... than CON (1.04 ± 0.19 vs 0.50 ± 0.06 AU, P = 0.02), with no differences for other enzymes. Leg blood flow during exercise was correlated with prostacyclin synthase (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Elevated NADPH oxidase indicates that oxidative stress may be a primary cause of low nitric oxide availability...

Rare gases adsorption and separation on silver doped adsorbent

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deliere, Ludovic

2015-01-01

The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) implements means for detecting nuclear tests in an International Monitoring System (IMS). The Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) has developed in the mid-90's, the SPALAX system (Systeme de Prelevement d'Air en Ligne avec l'Analyse des radioXenons). Xenon analysis, including radioactive isotopes from the fission reaction during the explosion, requires the development of highly efficient process for xenon concentration. In this work, the adsorption and diffusion phenomena of noble gases are studied in silver exchanged ZSM-5 zeolite. The 'experience/Monte Carlo simulation' coupling is used to determine the essential thermodynamic data on the adsorption of noble gases and to characterize the adsorption sites. The presence of a strong adsorption site, identified as silver nanoparticles and intervening at low concentration of noble gases (including xenon and radon) in some silver exchanged zeolites, achieves adsorption and selectivity performance to date unrivaled. These results allow considering their use in many critical applications in the field of capture and separation of rare gases: rare gas industrial production, reprocessing of spent fuel from gas, radon in air pollution control. (author) [fr

The future of nuclear power and fourth-generation reactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carre, F.; Renault, C.

2006-01-01

Faced with the exhaustion of fossil fuel resources, the output of existing nuclear power must quadruple between now and 2050, and the Commissariat a l'Energie atomique (CEA) and its industrial partners are cooperating in a programme of R and D on future nuclear power. France strategy puts rapid neutron reactors (RNR) at the forefront, in view of their possible introduction by 2040. These reactors allow a more efficient use of uranium resources and minimise the production of long-life nuclear waste. Two technologies which use respectively, sodium and gas as their coolant are being studied. For the sodium RNR, which benefits from significant existing experience, the key is to first improve its economic performance. For the gas RNR, which draws on the principles and the generic assets of the RNR, for those using helium as the coolant, and those with applications at high temperature, it is important firstly to demonstrate the key technologies such as the fuel. The decision of President Chirac to launch the study of a prototype, fourth-generation reactor for 2020 is stimulating the research effort into France future nuclear power. (author)

An object-oriented 3D nodal finite element solver for neutron transport calculations in the Descartes project

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Akherraz, B.; Lautard, J.J. [CEA Saclay, Dept. Modelisation de Systemes et Structures, Serv. d' Etudes des Reacteurs et de Modelisation Avancee (DMSS/SERMA), 91 - Gif sur Yvette (France); Erhard, P. [Electricite de France (EDF), Dir. de Recherche et Developpement, Dept. Sinetics, 92 - Clamart (France)

2003-07-01

In this paper we present two applications of the Nodal finite elements developed by Hennart and del Valle, first to three-dimensional Cartesian meshes and then to two-dimensional Hexagonal meshes. This work has been achieved within the framework of the DESCARTES project, which is a co-development effort by the 'Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique' (CEA) and 'Electricite de France' (EDF) for the development of a toolbox for reactor core calculations based on object oriented programming. The general structure of this project is based on the object oriented method. By using a mapping technique proposed in Schneider's thesis and del Valle, Mund, we show how this structuration allows us an easy implementation of the hexagonal case from the Cartesian case. The main attractiveness of this methodology is the possibility of a pin-by-pin representation by division of each lozenge into smaller ones. Furthermore, we will explore the use of non structured quadrangles to treat the circular geometry within a hexagon. It remains nevertheless, in the hexagonal case, the implementation of the acceleration of the internal iterations by the DSA (Diffusion Synthetic Acceleration) or the TSA. (authors)

A Generalized turbulent dispersion model for bubbly flow numerical simulation in NEPTUNE-CFD

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Laviéville, Jérôme, E-mail: Jerome-marcel.lavieville@edf.fr; Mérigoux, Nicolas, E-mail: nicolas.merigoux@edf.fr; Guingo, Mathieu, E-mail: mathieu.guingo@edf.fr; Baudry, Cyril, E-mail: Cyril.baudry@edf.fr; Mimouni, Stéphane, E-mail: stephane.mimouni@edf.fr

2017-02-15

The NEPTUNE-CFD code, based upon an Eulerian multi-fluid model, is developed within the framework of the NEPTUNE project, financially supported by EDF (Electricité de France), CEA (Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives), IRSN (Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire) and AREVA-NP. NEPTUNE-CFD is mainly focused on Nuclear Safety applications involving two-phase water-steam flows, like two-phase Pressurized Shock (PTS) and Departure from Nucleate Boiling (DNB). Many of these applications involve bubbly flows, particularly, for application to flows in PWR fuel assemblies, including studies related to DNB. Considering a very usual model for interfacial forces acting on bubbles, including drag, virtual mass and lift forces, the turbulent dispersion force is often added to moderate the lift effect in orthogonal directions to the main flow and get the right dispersion shape. This paper presents a formal derivation of this force, considering on the one hand, the fluctuating part of drag and virtual mass, and on the other hand, Turbulent Pressure derivation obtained by comparison between Lagrangian and Eulerian description of bubbles motion. An extension of the Tchen’s theory is used to express the turbulent kinetic energy of bubbles and the two-fluid turbulent covariance tensor in terms of liquid turbulent velocities and time scale. The model obtained by this way, called Generalized Turbulent Dispersion Model (GTD), does not require any user parameter. The model is validated against Liu & Bankoff air-water experiment, Arizona State University (ASU) experiment, DEBORA experiment and Texas A&M University (TAMU) boiling flow experiments.

Study of turbulent flows loaded with particles. Application to the particulate fouling of corrugated plate heat exchangers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kouidri, Frederic

1997-01-01

This work is a numerical and experimental study of the behaviour of a turbulent flow loaded with solid particles. It involves the particulate fouling of plate heat exchangers used in industrial field. Visual observation and LDA measurements inside a mock-up show the presence of large coherent vortices and confirm the tight link between particulate deposition and flow field. The vortices participate to the creation of preferential areas where the particles are in contact with the wall, and they shape the deposit according to a precise mechanism. Two processes of deposit removal have also been shown. Hydraulic phenomena and particles behaviours pointed out in the experiment are compared to different typical samples in a bibliographic survey. The use of the a software for computational fluid dynamics (TRIO developed at the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) completed the experimental results by predicting the particles behaviour into the turbulent flow. The approach is based on a connection between a pseudo-direct simulation of the turbulent flow and a Lagrangian model for particles paths. The results show good agreements, qualitatively speaking, between numerical predictions and experimental measurement. The arrangement of the deposit onto the corrugated surface is globally well described by numerical simulation. The influence of some parameters on deposition process such as the flow (corresponding to Re=5000 or Re=10000), the horizontal or vertical position of the channel or the particles diameter (d p =100 μm or d p =25 μm) has been studied. (author) [fr

Influence of geochemical processes on transport in porous medium; application to the clogging of confinement barriers in a geological waste disposal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lagneau, V.

2002-01-01

Three research orientations are currently followed for the future of radioactive wastes. Disposal in deep geological formations is one of these options. The package and the successive barriers are attacked by the in-situ water and start interacting. These reactions lead to modifications of the mineralogical composition of the materials and of their macroscopic properties. While the coupling between transport and geochemistry is widely studied, the feedback of porosity changes is usually neglected. Yet, studying different possible interfaces of a repository reveals that large modifications of porosity are likely to occur. This work, performed at the Ecole des Mines de Paris and Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, aimed at investigating the effective consequences of taking porosity changes into account in coupled geochemistry-transport models. A simplified theoretic problem was addressed. It highlighted the difficulties of introducing porosity changes. In particular, it pointed out the effect of the several macroscopic relations binding porosity to transport and chemistry. Separately, two series of experiments, on very simple geochemical systems, gave concrete information on clogging systems. Following these results, porosity changes and their feedback on chemistry and transport were inserted in the coupled code HYTEC at the Ecole des Mines de Paris. Complex issues, related to the engineered barrier, were then addressed (concrete-clay interaction). New effects were found, including a decrease in the flux of dissolved species, due to the partial clogging at the interface, a slow down of reacting fronts; some reactions were even found to change directions. (author)

1997 annual report; Rapport annuel 1997

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-12-31

This 1997 issue of the annual report of the French Commissariat a l`Energie Atomique (CEA) gives a general overview of the CEA organization, activities, human resources, international relations and communication with some budgetary information. The main activities described concern the national defence, the fuel cycle, the nuclear reactors, the nuclear protection and safety, the advanced technologies, the quasi-particles, the effects of ionizing radiations on humans, the medical imagery, the transfer of technology, the protection and valorization of knowledge, the radioactive wastes and spent fuels management, the training and teaching, the scientific prizes, the committees, councils and commissions. (O.M.)

1997 annual report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1997-01-01

This 1997 issue of the annual report of the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) gives a general overview of the CEA organization, activities, human resources, international relations and communication with some budgetary information. The main activities described concern the national defence, the fuel cycle, the nuclear reactors, the nuclear protection and safety, the advanced technologies, the quasi-particles, the effects of ionizing radiations on humans, the medical imagery, the transfer of technology, the protection and valorization of knowledge, the radioactive wastes and spent fuels management, the training and teaching, the scientific prizes, the committees, councils and commissions. (O.M.)

Decree no. 76-480 of 24 May 1976 implementing Section 17 of the Amended Revenue Act for 1975 (no. 75-1242 of 27 December 1975) concerning the fees required for large nuclear installations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1976-01-01

This Decree was published in the Official French Gazette of 4 June 1976 and lays down measures for fixing and collecting the dues required for large nuclear installations. These dues are fixed by the Minister of Industry and Research for each operator on the basis of information supplied by the Head of the Central Service for the Safety of Nuclear Installations. The sums thus collected are used in particular to reimburse the expenses incurred for the safety analyses made by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and for the inspections prescribed for installations. (N.E.A.) [fr

Treatment of Uranium and Plutonium solutions generated in Atalante by R and D activities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lagrave, H.; Beretti, C.; Bros, P.

2008-01-01

The Atalante complex operated by the 'Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique' (Cea) consolidates research programs on actinide chemistry, processing for recycling spent fuel, and fabrication of actinide targets for innovative concepts in future nuclear systems. In order to produce mixed oxide powder containing uranium, plutonium and minor actinides and to deal with increasing flows in the facility, a new shielded line will be built and is expected to be operational by 2012. Its main functions will be to receive, concentrate and store solutions, purify them, ensure co-conversion of actinides and conversion of excess uranium. (authors)

1997 annual report; Rapport annuel 1997

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-12-31

This 1997 issue of the annual report of the French Commissariat a l`Energie Atomique (CEA) gives a general overview of the CEA organization, activities, human resources, international relations and communication with some budgetary information. The main activities described concern the national defence, the fuel cycle, the nuclear reactors, the nuclear protection and safety, the advanced technologies, the quasi-particles, the effects of ionizing radiations on humans, the medical imagery, the transfer of technology, the protection and valorization of knowledge, the radioactive wastes and spent fuels management, the training and teaching, the scientific prizes, the committees, councils and commissions. (O.M.)

International Intercomparison of Calorimeters. A Report of Measurements Made in the Reactor Melusine at C.E.N. Grenoble March 1970 by Eight Reactor Calorimetry Groups from Six Member States of the IAEA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boyd, A.W.

1970-01-01

The Working Group on Reactor Radiation Measurements has recommended an international intercomparison of calorimeters through its Subgroup 5 on calorimetric methods. Through the cooperation of the IAEA and the Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Grenoble of the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique of France, the intercomparison was arranged. Representatives of eight dosimetry groups from six countries took part in this intercomparison which was carried out during the period 9-17 March 1970. This document will help workers in the field of absorbed dose measurements in reactors in choosing consistent and accurate procedures of experimentation and reporting data

French study and research program on water cooled reactor safety

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zammite, R.

1985-05-01

Electricite de France and the CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique), joined to obtain, in several fields, the knowledge and qualified calculation tools, they need to develop new means to face the potential consequences of accidents. The bringing on of an important number of PWR units in France in the eightys involves a focusing on these studies. The main fields concerned are the following ones: core cooling accidents and severe accident prevention; fuel behavior in case of accident; containment behavior in accidental situation; emission, transfer and release of fission products in case of accident; probabilistic risk analysis, human factor and earthquakes [fr

Performance of Laser Megajoule’s x-ray streak camera

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zuber, C., E-mail: celine.zuber@cea.fr; Bazzoli, S.; Brunel, P.; Burillo, M.; Gontier, D.; Moreau, I.; Oudot, G.; Rubbelynck, C.; Soullié, G.; Stemmler, P.; Trosseille, C. [CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon (France); Fronty, J. P.; Goulmy, C. [Photonis France SAS, Avenue Roger Roncier, BP 520, 19106 Brive Cedex (France)

2016-11-15

A prototype of a picosecond x-ray streak camera has been developed and tested by Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives to provide plasma-diagnostic support for the Laser Megajoule. We report on the measured performance of this streak camera, which almost fulfills the requirements: 50-μm spatial resolution over a 15-mm field in the photocathode plane, 17-ps temporal resolution in a 2-ns timebase, a detection threshold lower than 625 nJ/cm{sup 2} in the 0.05–15 keV spectral range, and a dynamic range greater than 100.

Seminar Andrej Sacharov

CERN Multimedia

De Rujula, A

1984-01-01

A l'occasion de son 63me anniversaire 2 orateurs rendent hommage à A.Sacharov, physicien russe et né à Moscou, pour ses accomplissements scientifiques et son courage. A.Sacharov a dénoncé les dangers de la radioactivité et a tenté de persuader les autorités soviétiques de supprimer une série de test après le developpement de la bombe atomique en 1949 et la bombe à hydrogène en 1953 par un groupe de chercheurs soviétiques. Il a obtenu le prix Nobel en 1975.

Treatment of Uranium and Plutonium solutions generated in Atalante by R and D activities

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lagrave, H.; Beretti, C.; Bros, P. [CEA Rhone Valley Research Center, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Ceze Cedex (France)

2008-07-01

The Atalante complex operated by the 'Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique' (Cea) consolidates research programs on actinide chemistry, processing for recycling spent fuel, and fabrication of actinide targets for innovative concepts in future nuclear systems. In order to produce mixed oxide powder containing uranium, plutonium and minor actinides and to deal with increasing flows in the facility, a new shielded line will be built and is expected to be operational by 2012. Its main functions will be to receive, concentrate and store solutions, purify them, ensure co-conversion of actinides and conversion of excess uranium. (authors)

Modelling of uranium/plutonium splitting in purex process

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boullis, B.; Baron, P.

1987-06-01

A mathematical model simulating the highly complex uranium/plutonium splitting operation in PUREX process has been achieved by the french ''Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique''. The development of such a model, which includes transfer and redox reactions kinetics for all the species involved, required an important experimental work in the field of basis chemical data acquisition. The model has been successfully validated by comparison of its results with those of specific trials achieved (at laboratory scale), and with the available results of the french reprocessing units operation. It has then been used for the design of french new plants splitting operations

Distinction

OpenAIRE

2010-01-01

Pr Serge Haroche La Médaille d’or 2009 du CNRS est décernée au Pr Serge Haroche, titulaire de la chaire de Physique quantique depuis 2001. Serge Haroche est spécialiste de physique atomique et d’optique quantique. Il est l’un des fondateurs de l’électrodynamique quantique en cavité, domaine qui permet, par des expériences conceptuellement simples, d’éclairer les fondements de la théorie quantique et de réaliser des prototypes de systèmes de traitement quantique de l’information. Serge Haroche...

Optique quantique en environnement solide

OpenAIRE

Auffèves , Alexia

2014-01-01

Mon objectif premier a été de revisiter l’optique quantique (initialement explorée avec des atomes et des cavités naturels) avec des atomes et des cavités artificiels, tels que des boîtes quantiques semi-conductrices, ou des qubits en électrodynamique quantique des circuits. Contrairement aux systèmes de physique atomique, les atomes et les cavités de la matière condensée sont couplés à des environnements natifs, qui conduisent à des divergences fon- damentales par rapport à l’...

1996 annual report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1996-01-01

This 1996 issue of the annual report of the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) gives a general overview of CEA organization, activities, human resources, international relations and external communication with some budgetary informations. The main activities described concern the national defence, the fuel cycle, the nuclear reactors, the condensed matter and life sciences, the advanced technologies, the protection and transfer of knowledge and technologies, the environmental activities, the management and processing of nuclear wastes, the nuclear protection and safety, the technical and scientific information, the teaching and training, the scientific prizes, the committees, councils and commissions. (J.S.)

CATHARE code development and assessment methodologies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Micaelli, J.C.; Barre, F.; Bestion, D.

1995-01-01

The CATHARE thermal-hydraulic code has been developed jointly by Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Electricite de France (EdF), and Framatorne for safety analysis. Since the beginning of the project (September 1979), development and assessment activities have followed a methodology supported by two series of experimental tests: separate effects tests and integral effects tests. The purpose of this paper is to describe this methodology, the code assessment status, and the evolution to take into account two new components of this program: the modeling of three-dimensional phenomena and the requirements of code uncertainty evaluation

Status of fast breeder reactor development in the Federal Republic of Germany, Belgium and the Netherlands - January 1986

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hueper, R.

1986-01-01

In 1967 and 1968, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Kingdom of Belgium and the Kingdom of the Netherlands (DeBeNe) agreed to develop breeder reactors in a joint program. The French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique entered into contracts in 1977 about dose cooperation in the fast breeder field. The results of activities carried out by DeBeNe partners in 1985 have been compiled in this report. The report begins with a survey of the fast reactor plants followed by the R and D summary. In an additional chapter, a survey is given of international cooperation in 1985

Preliminary results on the NPE experiment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cansi, Y.; Crusem, R.; Masso, J.P. [CEA, Chatel (France)] [and others

1994-12-31

Answering to an invitation of the DOE, the Laboratoire de Detection et de Geophysique du Commissariat a I`Energie Atomique (CEA/LDG) participated to the seismic measurements associated with the NPE Experiment organized by the DOE at the Nevada Test Site. Our main motivations were: to evaluate and compare the capabilities of detection and location of the two types of the so-called alpha stations which composed the Experimental International Seismic System (i.e.: the composite stations and the miniarrays) and this in a regional environnement, to calibrate these stations with a chemical blast of known energy within a given propagation structure.

1996 annual report; Rapport annuel 1996

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-12-31

This 1996 issue of the annual report of the French Commissariat a l`Energie Atomique (CEA) gives a general overview of CEA organization, activities, human resources, international relations and external communication with some budgetary informations. The main activities described concern the national defence, the fuel cycle, the nuclear reactors, the condensed matter and life sciences, the advanced technologies, the protection and transfer of knowledge and technologies, the environmental activities, the management and processing of nuclear wastes, the nuclear protection and safety, the technical and scientific information, the teaching and training, the scientific prizes, the committees, councils and commissions. (J.S.).

Order of 28th March 1977 concerning support for uranium prospection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1977-01-01

This Order lays down that undertakings conducting uranium prospecting programmes will receive subsidies, to be reimbursed in case of success. Such subsidies will be granted by decision of the Minister of Industry and Research, following the opinion of the mining Committee of the Commissariat a l'energie atomique. In return for this support, the beneficiary undertakes to propose in priority to meet national needs its right of access to the ores mined from the deposit discovered, subject to the conditions prescribed by the producing country (other than France) regarding the destination of such production. (N.E.A.) [fr

Steam generators: improvement of separator/dryer performance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Holcblat, A.

1985-10-01

The first generation of steam generators built in France (model 51) experienced some moisture problems. As early as 1976, a large-scale development program was undertaken by Framatome, in collaboration with the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and Electricite de France, to enhance design of SG separation equipment. The goal of this program was to enhance equipment operating efficiency by improving our understanding of separation phenomena. This paper presents an overview of the design and testing effort engaged within the framework of the separator development program, along with a summary of program results and forthcoming developments

Vulcano: a dedicated R and D program to master corium recuperation for future reactors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bouchter, J.C.; Cognet, G.

1994-12-31

In the field of Severe Accident studies for future Nuclear Power Plants, the CEA (Commissariat a l`Energie Atomique) has launched an important program operating with UO{sub 2} materials. General objectives cover the qualification of industrial core-catcher concepts as well as the improvement of the understanding of corium behaviour inside the pressure vessel. After a presentation of the general scope of the project, the paper focuses on the first experimental phase (VULCANO E-30) which deals with major questions of core-catcher concepts based on spreading and flooding principles. (authors). 3 refs., 6 figs.

Procedures and techniques for the management of experimental and exotic fuel from research and test reactors in France

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Raisonnier, D.

1999-01-01

Since 1995, the Commissariat a I'Energie Atomique CEA has implemented a three point fuel management plan. One of the three points, the removal and the reprocessing of a wide range of spent fuels stored in different facilities in Saclay, Grenoble and Cadarache nuclear research centers, is described. The COGEMA Group has developed and implemented a comprehensive set of solutions for the management of research reactor and exotic fuels. It includes transport casks, storage casks or interim storage facilities at the reactor site, or at a centralized interim storage, as well as spent fuel reprocessing, material recycling and waste conditioning. (author)

Catalysed electrolytic metal oxide dissolution processes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Machuron-Mandard, X.

1994-01-01

The hydrometallurgical processes designed for recovering valuable metals from mineral ores as well as industrial wastes usually require preliminary dissolution of inorganic compounds in aqueous media before extraction and purification steps. Unfortunately, most of the minerals concerned hardly or slowly dissolve in acidic or basic solutions. Metallic oxides, sulfides and silicates are among the materials most difficult to dissolve in aqueous solutions. They are also among the main minerals containing valuable metals. The redox properties of such materials sometimes permit to improve their dissolution by adding oxidizing or reducing species to the leaching solution, which leads to an increase in the dissolution rate. Moreover, limited amounts of redox promoters are required if the redox agent is regenerated continuously thanks to an electrochemical device. Nuclear applications of such concepts have been suggested since the dissolution of many actinide compounds (e.g., UO 2 , AmO 2 , PuC, PuN,...) is mainly based on redox reactions. In the 1980s, improvements of the plutonium dioxide dissolution process have been proposed on the basis of oxidation-reduction principles, which led a few years later to the design of industrial facilities (e.g., at Marcoule or at the french reprocessing plant of La Hague). General concepts and well-established results obtained in France at the Atomic Energy Commission (''Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique'') will be presented and will illustrate applications to industrial as well as analytical problems. (author)

Behind the scenes of GS: Did you say “grey”?

CERN Multimedia

Antonella Del Rosso

2014-01-01

Walking around the CERN site, what we tend to notice are the buildings, roads, and car parks. At first glance, any “green” seems to be in the minority. The reality is quite different, as developed land takes up only 40 of the almost 650 hectares made available to the Organization by its Host States.   1,300 trees in CERN's enclosed areas, 250 hectares of cultivated fields and meadows, 140 hectares of woodland, and three wetlands: CERN clearly deserves its “green” certification from the Swiss conservation foundation Nature et économie that it has held since 2009. "We maintain every site, but each site is different and has its own conservation criteria," says Mathieu Fontaine, head of Green Spaces in the Civil Engineering and Buildings section of the GS Department. At CERN, an external company takes care of the day-to-day upkeep, but more complex operations are often necessary. The various projects to fell diseased or ...

Theatre

CERN Multimedia

Théâtre les 50

2010-01-01

MARIONNETTES Compagnie Stella Rossa   Dimanche 12 décembre à 15h et 17h Costanza Solari vient enchanter les grands et les petits à partir de 3 ans avec 4 histoires   Séance de 15 heures : « Une histoire de feu, une histoire de chaleur, une histoire de dragon » Il faut vite faire quelque chose pour réchauffer une grand-mère qui a froid. Après avoir tout essayé, la seule solution pour Mia sera de trouver un dragon qui veuille bien lui céder un peu de son feu… « La princesse et la balle d’or » Il arriva que la balle d’or, au lieu de revenir dans sa main, tomba sur le sol et roula tout droit dans l’eau. La princesse la suivit des yeux, mais la balle disparut : la fontaine était si profonde qu’on n’en voyait pas le fond… Séance de 17 heures : « N...

Angiography in the region of the foot

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zeitler, E.

1984-06-01

It is reported on technique, incidence and findings of angiography of the foot which provided magnifying angiography and non-ionic contrast media are used, is especially qualified for the differentiation of diabetic and non-diabetic angiopathies as well as for the identification of peripherical embolizations and digital arterial occlusions at thrombocytosis or polycythemia. The arteries of the foot represent the peripherical outflow at peripherical reconstructive performances at the lower leg and have to be studied prior to such reconstructive surgical interventions. The different localization of arterial obliterations and changes of the walls in diabetics of stage I-IV according to Fontaine shows the particularly large number of vascular-pathological findings in arteries of the lower leg and foot in diabetics with arterial occlusive diseases of stage III and IV. Therefore, the unfavourable prognoses of arterial occlusive diseases in diabetics have also to be made for peripherical arterial obliterations of the foot and lower leg.

Angiography in the region of the foot

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeitler, E.

1984-01-01

It is reported on technique, incidence and findings of angiography of the foot which provided magnifying angiography and non-ionic contrast media are used, is especially qualified for the differentiation of diabetic and non-diabetic angiopathies as well as for the identification of peripherical embolizations and digital arterial occlusions at thrombocytosis or polycythemia. The arteries of the foot represent the peripherical outflow at peripherical reconstructive performances at the lower leg and have to be studied prior to such reconstructive surgical interventions. The different localization of arterial obliterations and changes of the walls in diabetics of stage I-IV according to Fontaine shows the particularly large number of vascular-pathological findings in arteries of the lower leg and foot in diabetics with arterial occlusive diseases of stage III and IV. Therefore, the unfavourable prognoses of arterial occlusive diseases in diabetics have also to be made for peripherical arterial obliterations of the foot and lower leg. (orig.) [de

[Ozone therapy and phototherapy with polarized polychromatic light in treatment of patients suffering from lower limb critical ischaemia].

Science.gov (United States)

Drozhzhin, E V; Sidorkina, O N

2012-01-01

The authors generalized their experience in treating a total of 77 patients presenting with atherosclerosis of the arteries of lower limbs with degree III-IV ischaemia according to the A.V. Pokrovsky-Fontain classification. The patients were subjected to comprehensive treatment including the impact of piler-light (apparatus Bioptron 2) and ozone therapy. The control group was composed of 66 people receiving conventional therapy. The two groups were comparable by the nosological entity of the disease, gender, age, and the nature of accompanying pathology. Despite carried out classical anticoagulation therapy there was a tendency towards hypercoagulation in phase I (formation of prothrombinase) and phase III (formation of fibrin) of plasma haemostasis, as well as insufficiency of the fibrinolytic system. The obtained results showed direct influence of ozone therapy and piler light on phase I and III plasmatic haemostasis, as well as enhanced fibrinolytic activity of blood on the background of their administration thereof.

Influence of geochemical processes on transport in porous medium; application to the clogging of confinement barriers in a geological waste disposal; Influence des processus geochimiques sur le transport en milieu poreux; application au colmatage en barrieres de confinement potentielles dans un stockage en formation geologique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lagneau, V

2002-07-01

Three research orientations are currently followed for the future of radioactive wastes. Disposal in deep geological formations is one of these options. The package and the successive barriers are attacked by the in-situ water and start interacting. These reactions lead to modifications of the mineralogical composition of the materials and of their macroscopic properties. While the coupling between transport and geochemistry is widely studied, the feedback of porosity changes is usually neglected. Yet, studying different possible interfaces of a repository reveals that large modifications of porosity are likely to occur. This work, performed at the Ecole des Mines de Paris and Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, aimed at investigating the effective consequences of taking porosity changes into account in coupled geochemistry-transport models. A simplified theoretic problem was addressed. It highlighted the difficulties of introducing porosity changes. In particular, it pointed out the effect of the several macroscopic relations binding porosity to transport and chemistry. Separately, two series of experiments, on very simple geochemical systems, gave concrete information on clogging systems. Following these results, porosity changes and their feedback on chemistry and transport were inserted in the coupled code HYTEC at the Ecole des Mines de Paris. Complex issues, related to the engineered barrier, were then addressed (concrete-clay interaction). New effects were found, including a decrease in the flux of dissolved species, due to the partial clogging at the interface, a slow down of reacting fronts; some reactions were even found to change directions. (author)

Contribution to the theory of atom interferometers; Contribution a la theorie des interferometres atomiques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Antoine, Ch

2004-12-01

This work deals with the study of atom interferometers. It consists of theoretical developments and more practical parts (modeling). As regards modeling, this work explains how to obtain a general analytical expression of the fringes signal, which particularly accounts for the simultaneous action of all the inertial and gravitational fields whose representative potential is at most quadratic in position and momentum (rotations, accelerations, gradients of acceleration, gravitational waves...), as well as the dispersive structuring due to atomic beam splitters in the presence of such external fields (velocity selection, anomalous dispersion and Borrmann effect). From a theoretical point of view, this thesis develops new tools of atom optics. They deal with the propagation of matter waves in unspecified inertial and gravitational fields (extension of the ABCD formalism using first integral operators), the study of laser beam splitters in the presence of some of these fields (generalized ttt scheme, strong fields ttt modeling, generalized Borrmann effect...), as well as the highlight of symplectic invariants which are very useful for the interpretation and the simplification of the phase shift expression ('homologous paths' and 'four end points theorem'). (author)

The new French uranium refining plant at Narbonne; La nouvelle usine francaise de raffinage d'uranium de Narbonne

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Roux, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1961-07-01

In 1957 the Commissariat l'Energie Atomique in collaboration with two French industrial firms, the Compagnie de Saint-Gobain and the Societe Potasse et Engrais chimique, undertook the construction of a plant for the production of refined uranium on an industrial scale. This plant, which forms part of the French nuclear equipment programme and which works at a capacity of 1000 tons/year, was put into operation in July 1959. First of all the principles on which this under-taking is based are outlined. This is followed by a more detailed account of the construction, including the improvements brought to the process developed at the C.E.A. plant at le Bouchet when it was carried over to the industrial stage by the uranium branch of the Societe d'Etudes et de Travaux. (author) [French] Le Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique a entrepris en 1957 a Narbonne avec la collaboration de deux societes francaises, la Compagnie de Saint-Gobain et la Societe Potasse et Engrais Chimiques, la construction d'une usine destinee a assurer la production d'uranium raffine sur un plan industriel. Cette usine d'une capacite de 1000 tonnes/an qui s'insere dans le programme d'equipement nucleaire francais, a ete mise en service en juillet 1959. Nous evoquerons d'abord les principes qui ont ete a la base de cette realisation. Puis nous donnerons quelques details sur la construction et les ameliorations qui ont ete apportees au procede mis au point a l'usine du Bouchet du C.E.A. lors de sa transposition sur un plan industriel par la Societe d'Etudes et de Travaux pour l'uranium. (auteur)

The efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on the improvement of walking distance in patients with peripheral arterial disease with intermittent claudication: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial: the TENS-PAD study.

Science.gov (United States)

Besnier, Florent; Sénard, Jean-Michel; Grémeaux, Vincent; Riédel, Mélanie; Garrigues, Damien; Guiraud, Thibaut; Labrunée, Marc

2017-08-10

In patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD), walking improvements are often limited by early pain onset due to vascular claudication. It would thus appear interesting to develop noninvasive therapeutic strategies, such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), to improve the participation of PAD patients in rehabilitation programmes, and thus improve their quality of life. Our team recently tested the efficacy of a single 45-min session of 10-Hz TENS prior to walking. TENS significantly delayed pain onset and increased the pain-free walking distance in patients with class-II PAD. We now seek to assess the efficacy of a chronic intervention that includes the daily use of TENS for 3 weeks (5 days a week) on walking distance in Leriche-Fontaine stage-II PAD patients. This is a prospective, double-blind, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. One hundred subjects with unilateral PAD (Leriche-Fontaine stage II) will be randomised into two groups (1:1). For the experimental group (TENS group): the treatment will consist of stimulation of the affected leg (at a biphasic frequency of 10 Hz, with a pulse width of 200 μs, maximal intensity below the motor threshold) for 45 min per day, in the morning before the exercise rehabilitation programme, for 3 weeks, 5 days per week. For the control group (SHAM group): the placebo stimulation will be delivered according to the same modalities as for the TENS group but with a voltage level automatically falling to zero after 10 s of stimulation. First outcome: walking distance without pain. transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO 2 ) measured during a Strandness exercise test, peak oxygen uptake (VO 2 peak), endothelial function (EndoPAT®), Ankle-brachial Pressure Index, Body Mass Index, lipid profile (LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides), fasting glycaemia, HbA1c level, and the WELCH questionnaire. TENS-PAD is the first randomised controlled trial that uses transcutaneous electrical therapy as an

Containment Safety Of Super Phenix : Essai Mars

Science.gov (United States)

Falgayrettes, M. F.; Fiche, C.; Hamon, P.

1985-02-01

The protection of people and property must be assured by every situation around an industrial power plant. That is why the FRENCH Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique has defined the size of the confinement of Super Phenix to withstand the worst highly hypothetical accident. The study of the strength of the confinement has been carried out by two complementary means : - Calculation (Display poster # 491 188), - Experiment : reactor mock-up. The latter is presented in the film. The solution which have been adopted for the problems encountered are emphasied ; the work with high speed camera is presented. The film is illustrated with some fast movie sequences.

Development of a continuous dissolution process for the new reprocessing plants at La Hague

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Auchapt, P.; Patarin, L.; Tarnero, M.

1984-01-01

The French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique has designed a continuous rotary dissolver for LWR fuel reprocessing. An industrial prototype has been tested since 1979 at the Service des Prototypes Industriels, at Marcoule. This type of dissolver will be installed at the COGEMA's Reprocessing Plants at La Hague. The advantages of a continuous process are listed, compared to batch dissolutions (chemistry, operation, capacity). The industrial prototype, featuring safe geometry, is described. The R and D program is indicated, and the main results of inactive tests already performed on the industrial prototype are given, including heating, mechanical, and chemical tests (UO 2 dissolutions at 4tU per day)

Development of a continuous dissolution process for the new reprocessing plants at La Hague

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Auchapt, P.; Patarin, L.; Tarnero, M.

1984-08-01

The French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique has designed a continuous rotary dissolver for LWR fuel reprocessing. An industrial prototype has been tested since 1979 at the Service des Prototypes Industriels, at Marcoule. This type of dissolver will be installed at the COGEMA's Reprocessing Plants at La Hague. The advantages of a continuous process are listed, compared to batch dissolutions (chemistry, operation, capacity). The industrial prototype, featuring safe geometry, is described. The R and D program is indicated, and the main results of inactive tests already performed on the industrial prototype are given, including heating, mechanical, and chemical tests (UO 2 dissolutions at 4tU per day)

Comparison of two solid-phase radioimmunoassay systems and a reverse passive haemagglutination test for the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hui, Z.; Coulepis, A.G.; Gust, I.D.

1982-01-01

The sensitivity and specificity of two commercially available radioimmunosay tests (Austria II-125, Abbott Laboratories; and International CIS, Commissariat Alenergie Atomique-Oris Laboratoire des Produits Biomedicaux) and a reverse passive haemagglutination test (Hepatest, Wellcome) for detection of hepatitis B surface antigen were evaluated using the Australian hepatitis B reference panel of 25 sera, and a panel of 257 sera collected from patients with acute hepatitis B, chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen and two populations in which hepatitis B virus infection is known to be endemic. The three techniques were found to be generally comparable in sensitivity and specificity. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed

Picosecond X-ray streak camera dynamic range measurement

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zuber, C., E-mail: celine.zuber@cea.fr; Bazzoli, S.; Brunel, P.; Gontier, D.; Raimbourg, J.; Rubbelynck, C.; Trosseille, C. [CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon (France); Fronty, J.-P.; Goulmy, C. [Photonis SAS, Avenue Roger Roncier, BP 520, 19106 Brive Cedex (France)

2016-09-15

Streak cameras are widely used to record the spatio-temporal evolution of laser-induced plasma. A prototype of picosecond X-ray streak camera has been developed and tested by Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives to answer the Laser MegaJoule specific needs. The dynamic range of this instrument is measured with picosecond X-ray pulses generated by the interaction of a laser beam and a copper target. The required value of 100 is reached only in the configurations combining the slowest sweeping speed and optimization of the streak tube electron throughput by an appropriate choice of high voltages applied to its electrodes.

Criticality Experiments Performed in Saclay and Valduc Centers, France (1958-2002)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barbry, F.; Grivot, P.; Girault, E.; Fouillaud, P.; Cousinou, P.; Poullot, G.; Anno, J.; Bordy, J.M.; Doutriaux, D.

2003-01-01

Since 1958, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and then the Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire (previously the Institut de Protection et de Surete Nucleaire) have carried out criticality experiments first in Saclay and then in the Valduc criticality laboratory. This paper is a survey of the programs conducted during the last 45 yr with the different apparatuses. This paper also gives information about plans for the future. Programs are presented following the chronology and the International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project classification. Among the numerous series of experiments, now 22 series (corresponding to 407 configurations) have been included in the 'International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Benchmark Experiments'

Behaviour of heavy water in nuclear reactors of the CEA; Comportement de l'eau lourde dans les piles du C.E.A

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chenouard, J; Dirian, G; Roth, E [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1955-07-01

In the two heavy water reactors of the CEA: Zoe and P-2, we do: A) the supervision of the isotopic composition of the heavy water; B) the supervision of gases released by the decomposition of the heavy water under radiation, and to their recombination; C) periodic analyses of impurities. (M.B.) [French] Dans les deux piles a eau lourde du Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique: Zoe et P 2, nous effectuons: A) la surveillance de la composition isotopique de l'eau lourde; B) la surveillance des gaz degages par la decomposition de l'eau lourde sous radiation, et a leur recombinaison; C) des analyses periodiques d'impuretes. (M.B.)

Supplement to the summary report of the specialists meeting on vessel concepts for gas-cooled reactors held in Lausanne, Switzerland, 23-25 October 1978

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1979-09-01

The development of a reliable thermal insulation is an important problem common to all types of HTGR reactors. The French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and General Atomic have been pursuing such an aim for a steam cycle HTGR. It has been recognized very early in the design work that full size testing of the thermal barrier would be needed to prove its ability to withstand the normal and abnormal operational conditions. Two different sets of operational conditions tests have been defined: a) Long term test at nominal temperature conditions; b) Short term tests in abnormal temperature conditions. This paper is devoted to the second set of conditions

List of reports in the field of reactor safety research from BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA and USNRC. Reported period: January 1 to June 30, 1994

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1994-01-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning single problems in the field of Reactor Safety Research. According to the cooperation of the Bundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technologie Agency (ISTA), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, these reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Program of the BMFT, reporting organization. (orig./HP) [de

List of reports in the field of reactor safety research from BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA and USNRC. Reported period: July 1 to December 31, 1993

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1993-01-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning single problems in the field of Reactor Safety Research. According to the cooperation of the Bundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technologie Agency (ISTA), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, these reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Program of the BMFT, reporting organization. (orig./HP) [de

Adaptability of Brayton cycle conversion systems to fast, epithermal and thermal spectrum space nuclear reactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tilliette, Z.P.

1988-01-01

The two French Government Agencies C.N.E.S. (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) and C.E.A. (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) are carrying out joint preliminary studies on space nuclear power systems for future ARIANE 5 launch vehicle applications. The Brayton cycle is the reference conversion system, whether the heat source is a liquid metal-cooled (NaK, Na or Li) reactor or a gas-cooled direct cycle concept. The search for an adequate utilization of this energy conversion means has prompted additional evaluations featuring the definition of satisfactory cycle conditions for these various kinds of reactor concepts. In addition to firstly studied fast and epithermal spectrum ones, thermal spectrum reactors can offer an opportunity of bringing out some distinctive features of the Brayton cycle, in particular for the temperature conditioning of the efficient metal hydrides (ZrH, Li/sub 7/H) moderators. One of the purposes of the paper is to confirm the potential of long lifetime ZrH moderated reactors associated with a gas cycle and to assess the thermodynamical consequences for both Nak(Na)-cooled or gas-cooled nuclear heat sources. This investigation is complemented by the definition of appropriate reactor arrangements which could be presented on a further occasion

Review of the nuclear safety exercises carried out in French industrial facilities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kissel, Ph.P.; Renard, C.; Meramedjian, H.N.

1977-01-01

For several years the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) has been organizing nuclear safety exercises in most nuclear industrial facilities, especially in fuel element fabrication plants, many of which are classified as basic nuclear facilities. The subject and extent of each exercise are decided by mutual agreement between the management of the facility and the CEA officials in charge of Assistance in Protection and Nuclear Safety (APSN). The authors deal with such subjects as criticality accidents (evacuation of facilities, regrouping of personnel, rescue operations etc.) and fire involving large quantities of radioactive material (protection of the environment by spraying water on fumes laden with radioactive aerosols etc.). During these exercises use is made of the resources available with the safety services of the facility, one or more mobile nuclear action teams of the CEA and the appropriate resources within the competence of public authorities, e.g. Civil Defence, the fire brigades, the Gendarmerie etc. Each exercise is followed by a meeting which gives an opportunity for constructive criticism and for the adoption of measures best suited for solving problems which invariably arise, such as choice of methods and resources, co-ordination of their simultaneous or gradual application and so on. (author)

Development in France of nuclear safety technical regulations and standards used in the licensing procedure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lebouleux, P.

1983-04-01

Initially, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique was the overall structure which encompassed all nuclear activities in France, including those connected with radiological protection and nuclear safety. As other partners appeared, the Authorities have laid down national regulations relative to nuclear installations since 1963. These regulations more particularly provide for the addition of prescriptions with which the applicant must comply to obtain the necessary licenses and the establishment of General Technical Regulations pertaining to nuclear safety. The technical regulation related to nuclear safety in France is made of a set of regulation texts, of a different nature, that define the requirements for the construction, commissioning and operation of nuclear facilities. Simultaneously, the safety authorities (Service Central de Surete des Installations Nucleaires: SCSIN) issue recommendations or guides which are not strictly speaking regulations in the juridical sense; they are called ''Regles Fondamentales de Surete'' (RFS). The RFS set up and detail the conditions, the respect of which is deemed to be complying with the French regulation practice, for the subject to which they relate. Their purpose is to make known rules judged acceptable by safety authorities, thus making the safety review easier. A RFS, or a letter, can also give the result of the examination of the constructor and operator codes (RCC) by safety authorities

Disposal of the radioactive effluents at the 'Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique'. Treatment leading to evacuation into a river; Probleme du rejet des residus radioactifs liquides au CEA. Traitements aboutissant a des rejets en riviere

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Duhamel,; Menoux,; Candillon, [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1958-07-01

The problems dealing with the treatment of the radioactive effluents at the 'Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique' have been studied in order to allow evacuation into a river - after treatment - with respect for the standards regarding radiation protection. 2) At Saclay where there is no possibility of evacuating the effluents, the liquids are directed towards Fontenay-aux-Roses by means of tank wagons. They are removed temporarily into the sewers and will be evacuated later on into the Seine. 3) ln Le Bouchet, the effluents coming from the Factory where urano-thorianite ore is treated will undergo a two stages treatment. The elimination of radium in the first phase facilitates decontamination in the second phase. 4) In Marcoule: a study of synthetic effluents of the Marcoule type is being carried on in order to perfect a selective elimination method of Sr{sup 90} and Cs{sup 137} by coprecipitation. 5) In the general case of the final evacuation into a river, the following problems have been studied: - pre-dilution of treated waters between the storing tanks and the river; - admission in the river; dilution in the river (preliminary study by means of a tracer); - evolution of the activity in the water of the river (adsorption by inert or living elements), contamination of the banks; - locating of the site; - isotopic dilution. 6) Circumstantial study of that last problem. 7) The quantity of a given product in water conditions the isotopic dilution of its radioactive isotopes. When the analysis shows the lack of an element, stable isotopes should be added in order to compensate it. 8) That method led to difficult analysis (specially as far as Sr{sup 90} is concerned), for the percentage of stable isotopes necessary to an important isotopic dilution is very low. 9) The standard regarding the quantity of Sr{sup 90} in drinking water is 8.10{sup -8} c/m{sup 3} or 4.10{sup -10} g/m{sup 3}. So a percentage of 40 {mu}g/litre of Sr is enough which is difficult to find out in

Characterization of petroleum distillates by GC-AED (coupling with gas chromatography and atomic emission detection); Caracterisation des distillats petroliers par couplage chromatographie en phase gazeuse et detection par emission atomique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baco, F.

1997-05-21

This thesis describes the characterization of atmospheric petroleum distillates (kerosenes and gas-oils) and vacuum distillates by hyphenated technic of Gas Chromatography and Atomic Emission Detector (GC-AED). A gas chromatographic simulated distillation, which gives the weight % of sample as a function of the petroleum cut temperature, was adapted to the GC-AED to obtain an original information about the elemental composition profile. After generalities, historic of the development of the instrument and the first petroleum applications are described. In the experimental part, analytical conditions used, different technics of characterisation of distillates and the base of samples analyzed are exposed. After a study of the GC-AED`s performances for the target elements (C, H, S, N), a quantitative method for the elemental analysis of distillates was developed and validated at three levels: total elemental analysis, simulated distillation and elemental composition as a function of the distillation profile. Finally, different ways for the applications of the GC-AED in order to characterize the distillates were explored, in particular to classify products and predict some petroleum properties (cetane number, density,...). The more interesting outlook seems to be the prediction of some properties as a function of the distillation profile. (author) 155 refs.

Study of atomic jumps in quasi-crystals; Etude des sauts atomiques dans les quasi-cristaux

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lyonnard, S

1997-05-07

The terminology phason used in quasicrystals to refer to atomic jumps. The study of the hopping process is important for the understanding of many basic issues in quasi-crystallography: structure, stability, diffusion, phase transitions between quasicrystals and approximants, mechanical properties. Quasi-elastic neutron scattering allows to find the characteristics of each elementary jump: chemical species involves, relaxation times, activation energies, jump distances and orientations. We performed a series of experiments in the perfect icosahedral phases AlFeCu and AlMnPd, on both powders and single domain samples, using time-of-flight, backscattering and triple axis spectrometers. We evidenced the existence of very fast phason hopping, and studied about ten different atomic jumps. An unusual temperature dependence has been found systematically: each process is assisted by a thermally activated mechanism. The assistance process has to be determined case by case, but the more plausible explanation invokes assistance by phonons or phason clouds. Moreover, the dependence of the quasi elastic signal as a function of the momentum transfer shows that the jumps are local and do not give rise to any long-range diffusion. Phason hopping mainly corresponds to the atom moving forwards and backwards between two energetically equivalent sites. Finally, we have been able to show that the jumps occur along the various quasi-crystalline symmetry axes. (author) 91 refs.

Temperature measurement in French atomic piles; La mesure des temperatures dans les piles atomiques francaises

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Weill, J; Rastoix, G

1950-10-01

In the Chatillon reactor the temperature is measured (1) in the interior of one of the vertical A1 cylinders filled with UO{sub 2} (temperature interval 20 to 70 deg. C), and (2) in the center of the tank containing D{sub 2}O (20 to 50 deg. C). The instruments used are silver-constantan thermocouples; the wires are insulated by SiO{sub 2} sheaths, those immersed in D{sub 2}O being placed within Al cases 10 mm diameter. In the Saclay reactor the temperature is taken (1) in the interior of 4 U rods (20 to 300 deg. C), (2) at 2 points of the D{sub 2}O mass (20 to 60 deg. C), (3) at one point in graphite (20 to 100 deg. C), and (4) at 5 points in the catalytic setup (200 deg. C). Copper-constantan couples are used (Ag-constantan is not suitable above 150 deg. C); the wires are enclosed in a sheath of glass fabric. In both reactors the accuracy of the temperature measurements is 0.5 deg. C. (author)

Sintering with a chemical reaction as applied to uranium monocarbide; Frittage-reaction dans le cas du monocarbure d'uranium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Accary, A; Caillat, R [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1960-07-01

The present paper provides a survey of different investigations whose aim was the preparation and fabrication of uranium monocarbide for nuclear use. If a chemical reaction takes place in the sample during the sintering operation, it may be expected that the atom rearrangements involved in this reaction should favour the sintering process and thereby lower the temperature needed to yield a body of a given density. With this hypothesis in mind, the following methods have been studied: - Sintering of U-C mixtures; - Sintering of UO{sub 2}-C mixtures; - Hot pressing of U-C mixtures; - Extrusion of U-C mixtures. To generalize our result, it could be said that a chemical reaction does not lead to high densification, if one depends on a simple contact between discrete particles. On the contrary, a chemical reaction can help sintering if, as our hot pressing experiments shows, the densification can be achieved prior to the reaction. (author) [French] Le present article resume les etudes faites pour le compte du Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique dans le but de preparer du monocarbure d'uranium pour usage nucleaire. Si, en meme temps que l'on fritte une poudre, celle-ci est le siege d'une reaction chimique, on peut s'attendre a ce que le rearrangement atomique d'une reaction chimique favorise le frittage et, ainsi abaisse la temperature de travail necessaire pour obtenir une densite donnee. Nous avons etudie les methodes suivantes: - frittage des melanges U-C; - frittage des melanges UO{sub 2}-C; - frittage sous charge des melanges U-C; - filage des melanges U-C. Nos resultats montrent qu'une reaction chimique en cours de frittage ne conduit pas a un produit de haute densite si on opere sur un melange de poudres. Par contre, elle permet d'atteindre de hautes densites si la densification peut etre obtenue avant la reaction chimique. (auteur)

Decontamination of surfaces (1961); La decontamination des surfaces (1961)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mestre, E [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1961-07-01

The continued expansion of atomic Energy has led the S.C.R.G.R. to extend simultaneously the recovery of materials contaminated by use in radio-active media. The importance of this aspect of atomic Energy was not immediately obvious to those concerned but is now fully recognized due to the cost of the materials and installations, and also to the time required for the construction of special equipment for the C.E.A. Another very important reason is the dangers associated with the handling of contaminated material. The S.C.R.G.R. attacked this problem from the point of view of these dangers. It later became apparent to the users, once the decontamination methods had proved their worth, that the process presented advantages from the material and cost-saving point of view. (author) [French] Le developpement toujours croissant de l'Energie atomique a conduit le S.C.R.G.R. a developper parallelement la recuperation des materiels contamines par leur emploi en milieu radioactif. Cet aspect de l'Energie atomique n'est pas apparu des le debut aux utilisateurs mais s'est tres vite impose etant donne, d'une part, le cout des installations et du materiel, d'autre part le temps necessaire a la fabrication d'un materiel special aux travaux du C.E.A., enfin et surtout, les risques associes a la manipulation d'un materiel contamine. Les risques seuls ont ete pris comme point de depart a l'examen de ce probleme par le S.C.R.G.R. puis avec le temps, les methodes de decontamination ayant fait leur preuve, les utilisateurs ont alors apercu les aspects materiels et la rentabilite de la decontamination. (auteur)

The creation of a uranium oxide industry, from the laboratory stage to a pilot plant (1961)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Caillat, R.; Delange, M.; Sauteron, J.

1961-01-01

The qualities of uranium oxide, in particular its good in-pile characteristics and its resistance to corrosion by the usual heat-exchange fluids, have led to this material being chose at the present time as a nuclear fuel in many power reactors, either planned or under construction. A great effort has been made these last few years in France in studying processes for transforming powdered uranium oxide into a dense material with satisfactory behaviour in a neutron flux. The laboratories at Saclay have studied the physico-chemical features of the phenomena accompanying the calcination of uranium peroxide or ammonium uranate to give uranium trioxide, and the subsequent reduction of the latter to dioxide as well as the sintering of the powders obtained. This work has made it possible on one hand to prepare powder of known specific surface area, and on the other to show the overriding influence of this factor, all other things being equal, on the behaviour of powders during sintering in a hydrogen atmosphere. The work has led to defining two methods for sintering stoichiometric uranium oxide of high density. The technological study of the preparation of the powder and its industrial production are carried out at the plant of Le Bouchet which produces at the moment powders of known characteristics suitable for sintering in hydrogen at 1650 deg. C without prior grinding. The industrial sintering is carried out by the Compagnie industrielle des Combustibles Atomiques Frittes who has set up a pilot plant having a capacity of 25 metric tons/year, for the Commissariat l'Energie Atomique and has been operating this plant since May 1958. This plant is presented by a film entitled 'uranium oxide'. (author) [fr

Neutronic performance of high-density LEU fuels in water-moderated and water-reflected research reactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bretscher, M.M.; Matos, J.E.

1996-01-01

At the Reduced Enrichment for Research and Test Reactors (RERTR) meeting in September 1994, Durand reported that the maximum uranium loading attainable with U 3 Si 2 fuel is about 6.0 g U/cm 3 . The French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) plan to perform irradiation tests with 5 plates at this loading. Compagnie pour L'Etude et La Realisation de Combustibles Atomiques (CERCA) has also fabricated a few uranium nitride (UN) plates with a uranium density in the fuel meat of 7.0 g/cm 3 and found that UN is compatible with the aluminum matrix at temperatures below 500 C. High density dispersion fuels proposed for development include U-Zr(4 wt%)-Nb(2 wt%), U-Mo(5 wt%), and U-Mo(9 wt%). The purpose of this note is to examine the relative neutronic behavior of these high density fuels in a typical light water-reflected and water-moderated MTR-type research reactor. The results show that a dispersion of the U-Zr-Nb alloy has the most favorable neutronic properties and offers the potential for uranium densities greater than 8.0 g/cm 3 . On the other hand, UN is the least reactive fuel because of the relatively large 14 N(n,p) cross section. For a fixed value of k eff , the required 235 U loading per fuel element is least for the U-Zr-Nb fuel and steadily increases for the U-Mo(5%), U-Mo(9%), and UN fuels. Because of volume fraction limitations, the UO 2 dispersions are only useful for uranium densities below 5.0 g/cm 3 . In this density range, however, UO 2 is more reactive than U 3 Si 2

Complementary therapies for peripheral arterial disease: systematic review.

Science.gov (United States)

Pittler, Max H; Ernst, Edzard

2005-07-01

While peripheral arterial disease (PAD) affects a considerable proportion of patients in the primary care setting, there is a high level of use of complementary treatment options. The aim was to assess the effectiveness of any type of complementary therapy for peripheral arterial disease. A systematic review was performed. Literature searches were conducted on Medline, Embase, Amed, and the Cochrane Library until December 2004. Hand-searches of medical journals and bibliographies were conducted. There were no restrictions regarding the language of publication. The screening of studies, selection, data extraction, the assessment of methodologic quality and validation were performed independently by the two reviewers. Data from randomized controlled trials, and systematic reviews and meta-analyses, which based their findings on the results of randomized controlled trials were included. Seven systematic reviews and meta-analyses and three additional randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. The evidence relates to acupuncture, biofeedback, chelation therapy, CO(2)-applications and the dietary supplements Allium sativum (garlic), Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo), omega-3 fatty acids, padma 28 and Vitamin E. Most studies included only patients with peripheral arterial disease in Fontaine stage II (intermittent claudication). The reviewed RCTs, systematic reviews and meta-analyses which based their findings on the results of RCTs suggest that G. biloba is effective compared with placebo for patients with intermittent claudication. Evidence also suggests that padma 28 is effective for intermittent claudication, although more data are required to confirm these findings. For all other complementary treatment options there is no evidence beyond reasonable doubt to suggest effectiveness for patients with peripheral arterial disease.

Percutaneous treatment of critical lower limb ischemia in patients with obstruction of the crural arteries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Falkowski, A.; Rutkowski, D.; Poncyliusz, W.; Sienko, J.

2006-01-01

This article describes the application of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in the treatment of crural artery obstruction in patients with critical lower limb ischemia. In 17 patients, 24 PTAs of crural artery obstructions were performed. The clinical material consisted of 9 men and 8 women, whose mean age was 72 years (range 54-85 years). 11 patients were classified in clinical stage Fontaine IV, and 6 in stage III. The obstructions were from 3 to 21 cm (mean 6 cm). In 8 cases, PTA of the femoropopliteal segment was also carried out. The risk factors and comorbidities included diabetes 10 cases (58.8%), hypertension 9 cases (56%), ischemic heart disease 8 cases (50%), hyperlipidaemia 7 cases (43.8%), cerebrovascular diseases 3 cases (18.8%), and cigarette smoking 6 cases (37.5%). Technical success was defined as restoration of the artery along its whole length to the foot. Pain relief at rest and healing of trophic lesions at 30-day follow-up were recognized as a good outcome. Technical success was achieved in 12 patients (70.6%). In 2 cases the patency was only restored in the proximal part of the artery (12.5%). In 3 cases (17.6%) the procedure failed. In one case acute occlusion of the artery occurred. In 2 cases the obstruction was not successfully passed with a guidewire. In 4 cases hematoma was found at the puncture site, without clinical consequences. In 13 patients (76.4%) clinical success was achieved. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty is an effective and relatively safe method of treatment of patients with critical limb ischemia caused by obstruction of the crural arteries. (author)

Dielectric heating. Industrial applications; Chauffage dielectrique. Applications industrielles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Roussy, G. [Nancy-1 Univ. Henri Poincare, Dir. de Recherche 54 (France); Rochas, J.F. [Societe Sairem, 75 - Paris (France); Oberlin, C. [Electricite de France (EDF), Div. de Recherche, 75 - Paris (France)

2003-11-01

The heating of insulating or badly power conducting products using high frequency (HF) electromagnetic waves and microwaves (MW) is used in several industrial applications. This article presents some examples of conventional or recent applications of dielectric heating in the industry: 1 - selection criteria between HF and MW heating systems; 2 - HF applications: traditional applications (wood forming and sticking, welding of thermoplastic materials, drying of textile materials, correction of the humidity profile in the paper industry, end-baking of biscuits in the food industry), recent applications (over-moulding of automotive glazing materials, gluing and moulding of plastic parts in the automotive industry, drying of the coating of textile ropes), innovative applications; 3 - microwave applications: traditional applications (moderating of frozen meat by 915 MHz microwaves, drying of coatings on polystyrene or sand core models for foundry, pre-vulcanization of rubber sections, 2450 MHz pasteurization of pumpable products with morsels), examples of recent applications (continuous dehydration in vacuum, MW assisted granulator-dryers in the pharmaceutical industry, decontamination of hospital wastes), examples of innovative applications in the chemical sector, applications in progress; 4 - conclusion. (J.S.)

List of reports on reactor safety research from BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA and USNRC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1985-01-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning special Problems in the field of Reactor Safety Research. According to the cooperation of the Bundesminister fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technologie Agency (JSTA), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, these Reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Programm of the BMFT, reporting organization. The list of reports appears quarterly. (orig./HP) [de

List of reports in the field of reactor safety research of BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA and USNRC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1990-05-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning single problems in the field of Reactor Safety Research. According to the cooperation of the Bundesminister fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JSTA), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, these reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Programme of the BMFT, reporting organization. The list of reports appears quarterly. (orig.) [de

Present development of scintillator counters in France; Etat actuel du developpement des compteurs a scintillation en France

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Koechlin, Y; Koch, L; Lansiart, A [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires; Pietri, G [Laboratoire d' Electronique et de Physique Appliquee (France)

1958-07-01

For a number of years photomultipliers and scintillators have been produced on an industrial scale in France. The AEC has accepted the task of testing their performance, and advising the industry in consequence. This combined effort has resulted in the wide range of photomultipliers and scintillators summarised in the following paper. (author)Fren. [French] La france fabrique industriellement depuis quelques annees des photomultiplicateurs et des scintillateurs. Le Commissariat a l'Energie atomique s'est charge de mesurer leurs performances et de conseiller l'industrie fran ise a ce sujet. C'est ainsi que nous disposons actuellement de toute une gamme de photomultiplicateurs et de scintillateurs fran is dont nous donnons ci-dessous un apercu. (auteur)

List of reports in the field of reactor safety research from BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA and USNRC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1991-08-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning single problems in the field of reactor safety research. According to the cooperation of the Bundesminister fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JSTA), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, these reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Program of the BMFT, reporting organization. The list of reports appears quarterly. (orig./HP) [de

List of reports on reactor safety research from BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA and USNRC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1985-08-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning special problems in the field of reactor safety research. According to the cooperation of the Federal Ministry for Research and Technology (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JSTA), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, these reports are available from the Society for Reactor Safety (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Program of the BMFT, reporting organization. The list of reports appears quarterly. (orig./HP) [de

List of reports concerning reactor safety research from BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA, and USNRC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1982-12-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning special problems in the field of Reactor Safety Research. According to the cooperation of the Bundesminister fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technologie Agency (JSTA), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, these Reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Programm of the BMFT, reporting organization. The list of reports appears quarterly. (orig./HP) [de

List of reports from the BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA and USNRC concerning reactor safety research

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1981-09-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning special Problems in the field of Reactor Safety Research. According to the cooperation of the Bundesminister fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JSTA) the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission these reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Saftety Research Program of the BMFT, reporting organization. The list of reports appears quarterly. (orig./HP) [de

List of reports in the field of reactor safety research sponsored by BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA and USNRC. Reported period: April 1 - June 30, 1987

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1987-08-01

The list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning single problems in the field of reactor safety research. According to the cooperation of the Federal Minister for Research and Technology (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JSTA), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, these reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Programme of the BMFT, reporting organization. The list of reports appears quarterly. (orig.) [de

List of reactor safety research reports from BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA and USNRC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1982-07-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning special Problems in the field of Reactor Safety Research. According to the cooperation of the Bundesminister fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technologie Agency (JSTA), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, these Reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Program of the BMFT, reporting organization. The list of reports appears quarterly. (orig./HP) [de

List of reports in the field of reactor safety research of BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA and USNRC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1990-02-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning single problems in the field of Reactor Safety Research. According to the cooperation of the Bundesminister fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JSTA), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, these reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Programm of the BMFT, reporting organization. The list of reports appears quarterly. (orig.) [de

Frederic Joliot-Curie and the nuclear weapon

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pinault, M.

2000-01-01

The author describes the attitude and action of Pierre Joliot-Curie after the explosion of the first nuclear bomb in Hiroshima and during the following years. He notably describes the creation of the French CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique), the commitment of Joliot-Curie for the creation of a scientist movement, the atomic negotiation within the United Nations, the creation and actions of the Mouvement de la Paix (from April 1949 until the Stockholm Appeal) within the Cold War context, the commitment of Joliot-Curie against weapons of mass destruction and its difficult relationship with his communists friends, his participation to the elaboration of the Einstein-Russel Appeal, and the Pugwash conference in 1957

List of reports in the field of reactor safety research of BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA and USNRC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1989-05-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning single problems in the field of Reactor Safety Research. According to the cooperation of the Bundesminister fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JSTA), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, these reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Programme of the BMFT, reporting organization. The list of reports appears quarterly. (orig.) [de

Workshop on large molten pool heat transfer summary and conclusions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1994-01-01

The CSNI Workshop on Large Molten Heat Transfer held at Grenoble (France) in March 1994 was organised by CSNI's Principal Working Group on the Confinement of Accidental Radioactive Releases (PWG4) with the cooperation of the Principal Working Group on Coolant System Behaviour (FWG2) and in collaboration with the Grenoble Nuclear Research Centre of the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA). Conclusions and recommendations are given for each of the five sessions of the workshops: Feasibility of in-vessel core debris cooling through external cooling of the vessel; Experiments on molten pool heat transfer; Calculational efforts on molten pool convection; Heat transfer to the surrounding water - experimental techniques; Future experiments and ex-vessel studies (open forum discussion)

List of reports in the field of reactor safety research of BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA und USNRC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1989-11-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning single problems in the field of Reactor Safety Research. According to the cooperation of the Bundesminister fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l'Engergie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JSTA), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, these reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Programme of the BMFT, reporting organization. The list of reports appears quarterly. (orig.) [de

Overview of the ARGOS X-ray framing camera for Laser MegaJoule

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Trosseille, C., E-mail: clement.trosseille@cea.fr; Aubert, D.; Auger, L.; Bazzoli, S.; Brunel, P.; Burillo, M.; Chollet, C.; Jasmin, S.; Maruenda, P.; Moreau, I.; Oudot, G.; Raimbourg, J.; Soullié, G.; Stemmler, P.; Zuber, C. [CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon (France); Beck, T. [CEA, DEN, CADARACHE, F-13108 St Paul lez Durance (France); Gazave, J. [CEA, DAM, CESTA, F-33116 Le Barp (France)

2014-11-15

Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives has developed the ARGOS X-ray framing camera to perform two-dimensional, high-timing resolution imaging of an imploding target on the French high-power laser facility Laser MegaJoule. The main features of this camera are: a microchannel plate gated X-ray detector, a spring-loaded CCD camera that maintains proximity focus in any orientation, and electronics packages that provide remotely-selectable high-voltages to modify the exposure-time of the camera. These components are integrated into an “air-box” that protects them from the harsh environmental conditions. A miniaturized X-ray generator is also part of the device for in situ self-testing purposes.

Italian position paper on the safety analysis of liquid metal fast breeder reactors as related to sodium fires. The PEC reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gerosa, A.

1983-01-01

To obtain a deep understanding of physical phenomena and engineering problems connected to sodium fires, and to optimize the utilization of human and financial resources available, CNEN (now ENEA) has decided to join the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) in the realization of a Franco-Italian experimental programme on sodium fires, named ESMERALDA. As for design preventions for PEC reactor (a fast flux, liquid metal cooled, fuel element testing reactor) fundamental choices were made taking into account all available knowledge, but with particular reference to the results of CEA's previous experiments on sodium fires. More detailed design analysis will be possible in the future, based on experimental results coming from the ESMERALDA programme

List of reports of BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA and USNRC in the field of reactor safety research

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1985-04-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning special problems in the field of Reactor Safety Research. According to the cooperation of the Bundesminister fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT) with the Commisariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JSTA), the Electrical Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commision, these reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Programm of the BMFT, reporting organization. The list of reports appears quaterly. (orig./HP) [de

The role of thermal-hydraulic computation system in LTMP for simulation in order to support the design and analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bambang Teguh, P.; Turyana, I.

1997-01-01

In order to support the activities of LTMP and other Indonesia research institutions in the field of thermal-hydraulic, LTMP is equipped with several software, one of which is thermalhydraulic code TRIO-VF developed by CEA (commissariat a Energie Atomique), France. TRIO-VF is a computer code to solve general equations of thermal-hydraulic in 3D. The code can be used for numerical simulation of laminar or turbulent flow, with or without the presence of heat or mass transfer. these simulations or predictions are important step in the conception of thermalhydraulic equipment (vessels, heat and components of nuclear reactors). The fluid flow can be in the domain where internal obstacles (plate, tube bundel...etc.) are present

List of reports in the field of reactor safety research sponsored by BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA and USNRC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1987-05-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning single problems in the field of reactor safety research. According to the cooperation of the Federal Minister for Research and Technology (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JSTA), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, these reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Programm of the BMFT, reporting organization. The list of reports appears quarterly. (orig./HP) [de

Recent advances in indirect drive ICF target physics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hammel, B.A.

2002-01-01

The National Ignition Facility (NIF), currently under construction, will be used for the study of ignition physics in inertially confined targets, as well as basic and applied research in the field of high energy density science. In preparing for ignition on the NIF, the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's Inertial Confinement Fusion Program, in collaboration with Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Sandia National Laboratory (SNL), the Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE), General Atomics (GA), and the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), is working to refine ignition designs, develop improved experimental methods, and fabricate and test cryogenic targets required for ignition. This paper will briefly review NIF construction progress, and summarize advances in these areas. (author)

List of reports in the field of reactor safety research sponsored by BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA and USNRC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1987-02-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning single problems in the field of reactor safety research. According to the cooperation of the Federal Minister for Research and Technology (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JSTA), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, these reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Programm of the BMFT, reporting organization. The list of reports appears quarterly. (orig./HP) [de

Recent advances in indirect drive ICF target physics at LLNL

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hammel, B.A.; Bernat, T.P.; Collins, G.W.; Haan, S.; Landen, O.L.; MacGowan, B.J.; Suter, L.J.

1999-01-01

In preparation for ignition on the National Ignition Facility, the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's Inertial Confinement Fusion Program, working in collaboration with Los Alamos National Laboratory, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), and Laboratory for Laser Energetics at the University of Rochester, has performed a broad range of experiments on the Nova and Omega lasers to test the fundamentals of the NIF target designs. These studies have refined our understanding of the important target physics, and have led to many of the specifications for the NIF laser and the cryogenic ignition targets. Our recent work has been focused in the areas of hohlraum energetics, symmetry, shock physics, and target design optimization and fabrication. (author)

A cooperative NRC/CEA research project on earthquake ground motion on soil sites: overview

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murphy, A.J.; Mohammadioun, B.

1989-10-01

This paper provides an overview of a multi-phase experiment being conducted jointly by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique. The objective of the experiment is to collect a comprehensive set of data on the propagation of earthquake ground motions vertically through a shallow soil column (on the order of several tens of meters). The data will be used to validate several of the available engineering computer codes for modeling earthquake ground motion. The data set will also be used to develop an improved understanding of the earthquake source function and the potential for non-linear effects controlling the propagation through the shallow soil column

Terre des Lasers: the new Aquitaine outreach and communication center in photonics

Science.gov (United States)

Prulhiere, Jean Paul; Sarger, Laurent

2009-06-01

The competitive cluster "Route des Lasers" has been labeled by the French Government in July 2005. In this context, it has launched in September 2005, in cooperation with Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA) and Regional Council a project involving scientific exhibitions, called "Terre des Lasers ®", in order to create an exhibition and an area of communication and science discovery or a very large target (public, school, industry) in the fields of optics, lasers, optronics and imaging. This initiative is part of the strategy of the "Route des Lasers" center which aims to promote technologies developed in the areas of photonics, targeting in particular children and teenagers and their awareness for this particular industrial and scientific topic.

Towards upper power levels: thermonuclear fusion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vedel, Jean

1983-01-01

This paper is a brief introduction to the use of power lasers to achieve controlled thermonuclear fusion. After shortly describing thermonuclear fusion and the conditions of temperature, density and duration required it is showed how the laser enables such conditions to be created. The neodymium-doped glass laser NOVA that is being installed at the Livermore laboratory in the USA is described; at the time of its completion in 1984, this laser will be the most powerful in the world. In comparison, the OCTAL laser in operation at the Limeil establishment ''Centre d'Etudes'' of ''Commissariat Francais a l'Energie Atomique'' (the French atomic energy authority) is more modest; it is presented here [fr

Une affaire de femmes : la chanson comique en France

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Isbelle Marc

2013-04-01

Full Text Available French female artists over the last century, including Yvette Guibert, Brigitte Fontaine, Colette Renard and Clarika, among many others, have successfully used different forms of humour in their songs. This article aims to study how feminine humour is created in the French chanson and how it evolves throughout time. Considering humour both as a means and as a consequence of feminine agency, it will explore symbolic and aesthetic issues related to humoristic chanson as regard to the creation of feminine identity in the French context. For that purpose, it will first address the specificities of the relation between women and music and between women and humour. Then, it will analyse several representative songs in this respect, such as Fais-moi mal, Johnny by Magali Noël, Déshabillez-moi by Juliette Gréco and Les crêpes aux champignons by Olivia Ruiz, among others. Drawing from these examples, humour will be regarded both as a means and as a consequence of feminine agency.

Father Secchi Goes to Washington

Science.gov (United States)

McCarthy, M. F.

1994-12-01

In 1848 a small group of Jesuit refugees arrived at Georgetown College near Washington, D.C. Among them was a young priest, Angelo Secchi, who had finished theology studies in Rome, but had not been able to complete his final examinations. This done successfully, Secchi turned to astronomy and the new facilities of the Georgetown College Observatory, directed by its founder, Fr. James Curley. During his two years in Washington, Secchi studied physics, wrote an article on Electrical Rheometry for the Smithsonian Institution, and formed a friendship with Matthew Fontaine Maury of the U.S. Navy, who headed the Chart Service and in 1844 was named superintendent of the National Observatory. This was later named the U.S. Naval Observatory. Secchi's friendships formed during the Washington visit proved most helpful for relations between European astronomers and U.S. colleagues. Secchi, after his return to Rome constructed the Observatory of the Collegio Romano atop the baroque Church of St. Ignatius in Rome and began his work in spectral classification of stars.

Report realized on the behalf of the Foreign Affairs Commission on the law project, adopted by the Senate, authorizing the added protocol ratification to the agreement between France, the European Atomic Energy Community and the International Atomic Energy Agency relative to the guaranties application in France; Rapport fait au nom de la Commission des Affaires Etrangeres sur le projet de Loi, adopte par le Senat, autorisant la ratification du protocole additionnel a l'accord entre la France, la Communaute europeenne de l'energie atomique et l'Agence internationale de l'energie atomique relatif a l'application de garanties en France

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-02-01

This document presents the analyse of the law project, adopted by the Senate, authorizing the added protocol ratification to the agreement between France, the Atomic Energy European Community and the International Atomic Energy Agency relative to the guaranties application in France. It deals with the nuclear proliferation fight in France and the the program of enhancement of guaranties in the framework of the IAEA. (A.L.B.)

Fission Product Experimental Program: Validation and Computational Analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leclaire, N.; Ivanova, T.; Letang, E. [Inst Radioprotect and Surete Nucl, F-92262 Fontenay Aux Roses (France); Girault, E. [CEA Valduc, Serv Rech Neutron and Critcite, 21 - Is-sur-Tille (France); Thro, J. F. [AREVA NC, F-78000 Versailles (France)

2009-02-15

From 1998 to 2004, a series of critical experiments referred to as the fission product (FP) experimental program was performed at the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique Valduc research facility. The experiments were designed by Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire (IRSN) and funded by AREVA NC and IRSN within the French program supporting development of a technical basis for burnup credit validation. The experiments were performed with the following six key fission products encountered in solution either individually or as mixtures: {sup 103}Rh, {sup 133}Cs, {sup nat}Nd, {sup 149}Sm, {sup 152}Sm, and {sup 155}Gd. The program aimed at compensating for the lack of information on critical experiments involving FPs and at establishing a basis for FPs credit validation. One hundred forty-five critical experiments were performed, evaluated, and analyzed with the French CRISTAL criticality safety package and the American SCALE5. 1 code system employing different cross-section libraries. The aim of the paper is to show the experimental data potential to improve the ability to perform validation of full burnup credit calculation. The paper describes three Phases of the experimental program; the results of preliminary evaluation, the calculation, and the sensitivity/uncertainty study of the FP experiments used to validate the APOLLO2-MORET 4 route in the CRISTAL criticality package for burnup credit applications. (authors)

Applicant Perspectives on the Otolaryngology Residency Application Process

Science.gov (United States)

2017-09-09

ndorsing, Suggestion No.(%) (n=98) Establish a hard cap on the number of applications 43 (43.8) altov:ed per applicant Increase information and...Applicants are overall amenable to a hard cap on applications • Applicants are interested in being part of the solution to the problem References...better the chances of match·ng. Alch Otoo1yngo/ Head~:< Surg_ 2008: 4 34(10)·1038. 3. Christophel JJ. Levine PA Too much of .a good thing . lAMA

Final Results of the Protected Superficial Femoral Artery Trial Using the FilterWire EZ System

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mueller-Huelsbeck, Stefan; Huemme, Tim H.; Philipp Schaefer, J.; Charalambous, Nikolas; Paulsen, Friedrich; Heller, Martin; Jahnke, Thomas

2010-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of debris-capture for distal protection using the FilterWire EZ Embolic Protection System (Boston Scientific, Mountain View, CA) with the additional aim to further define the incidence of distal embolization during superficial femoral artery (SFA) interventions. A prospective, single-centre registry was designed to evaluate the performance of the FilterWire EZ in capturing debris during standard SFA percutaneous intervention. The PRO-RATA study included 30 patients suitable for PTA (Fontaine IIb to III or Rutherford I to II classification). The primary end points were occurrence of distal embolization or decreased runoff, improvement in ankle-brachial index ankle-brachial index (ABI) after the procedure, and number of filters containing emboli. Secondary end points included major adverse events (i.e., procedure- or device-related death and/or clinical target lesion revascularisation), device delivery, deployment success, and incidence of embolic recovery (patients with device success exhibiting embolic protection in the filter). Procedural success was determined as ≤30% residual stenosis with no worsening of distal runoff as determined on angiography. A total of 29 patients (age 66.2 ± 12 years; total no. of limbs = 30; total no. of lesions = 30) suitable for PTA were enrolled in the study between February 2007 and March 2008. There were 26 patients with claudication (Fontaine IIB) and 3 patients with stage IV peripheral vascular disease. In one patient, lesions in both legs were treated. No procedural or device-related complications occured. The average degree of stenosis was 86 ± 7%. Stenosis length ranged from 8 to 88 mm. The average degree of residual stenosis was 10 ± 10%. ABI improved from 0.56 ± 0.16 to 0.92 ± 0.19 (P < 0.05). No restenosis or dissection was seen at 1-month ultrasound follow-up. Macroscopic debris was found in 27 of 30 filters of all distal protection devices used in

Disposal of the radioactive effluents at the 'Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique'. Treatment leading to evacuation into a river; Probleme du rejet des residus radioactifs liquides au CEA. Traitements aboutissant a des rejets en riviere

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Duhamel; Menoux; Candillon [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1958-07-01

The problems dealing with the treatment of the radioactive effluents at the 'Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique' have been studied in order to allow evacuation into a river - after treatment - with respect for the standards regarding radiation protection. 2) At Saclay where there is no possibility of evacuating the effluents, the liquids are directed towards Fontenay-aux-Roses by means of tank wagons. They are removed temporarily into the sewers and will be evacuated later on into the Seine. 3) ln Le Bouchet, the effluents coming from the Factory where urano-thorianite ore is treated will undergo a two stages treatment. The elimination of radium in the first phase facilitates decontamination in the second phase. 4) In Marcoule: a study of synthetic effluents of the Marcoule type is being carried on in order to perfect a selective elimination method of Sr{sup 90} and Cs{sup 137} by coprecipitation. 5) In the general case of the final evacuation into a river, the following problems have been studied: - pre-dilution of treated waters between the storing tanks and the river; - admission in the river; dilution in the river (preliminary study by means of a tracer); - evolution of the activity in the water of the river (adsorption by inert or living elements), contamination of the banks; - locating of the site; - isotopic dilution. 6) Circumstantial study of that last problem. 7) The quantity of a given product in water conditions the isotopic dilution of its radioactive isotopes. When the analysis shows the lack of an element, stable isotopes should be added in order to compensate it. 8) That method led to difficult analysis (specially as far as Sr{sup 90} is concerned), for the percentage of stable isotopes necessary to an important isotopic dilution is very low. 9) The standard regarding the quantity of Sr{sup 90} in drinking water is 8.10{sup -8} c/m{sup 3} or 4.10{sup -10} g/m{sup 3}. So a percentage of 40 {mu}g/litre of Sr is enough which is difficult

Validation of the CATHARE2 code against experimental data from Brayton-cycle plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bentivoglio, Fabrice; Tauveron, Nicolas; Geffraye, Genevieve; Gentner, Herve

2008-01-01

In recent years the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) has commissioned a wide range of feasibility studies of future-advanced nuclear reactors, in particular gas-cooled reactors (GCR). The thermohydraulic behaviour of these systems is a key issue for, among other things, the design of the core, the assessment of thermal stresses, and the design of decay heat removal systems. These studies therefore require efficient and reliable simulation tools capable of modelling the whole reactor, including the core, the core vessel, piping, heat exchangers and turbo-machinery. CATHARE2 is a thermal-hydraulic 1D reference safety code developed and extensively validated for the French pressurized water reactors. It has been recently adapted to deal also with gas-cooled reactor applications. In order to validate CATHARE2 for these new applications, CEA has initiated an ambitious long-term experimental program. The foreseen experimental facilities range from small-scale loops for physical correlations, to component technology and system demonstration loops. In the short-term perspective, CATHARE2 is being validated against existing experimental data. And in particular from the German power plants Oberhausen I and II. These facilities have both been operated by the German utility Energie Versorgung Oberhausen (E.V.O.) and their power conversion systems resemble to the high-temperature reactor concepts: Oberhausen I is a 13.75-MWe Brayton-cycle air turbine plant, and Oberhausen II is a 50-MWe Brayton-cycle helium turbine plant. The paper presents these two plants, the adopted CATHARE2 modelling and a comparison between experimental data and code results for both steady state and transient cases

Applicant Perspectives on the Otolaryngology Residency Application Process.

Science.gov (United States)

Ward, Matthew; Pingree, Christian; Laury, Adrienne M; Bowe, Sarah N

2017-08-01

It has been nearly 25 years since medical students were queried regarding their perspectives on otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS) residency selection. Understanding this viewpoint is critical to improving the current application process. To evaluate the perceptions of 2016 OHNS residency applicants regarding the application process and offer suggestions for reform. In this cross-sectional study of anonymous online survey data, a 14-question survey was designed based on resources obtained from a computerized PubMed, Ovid, and GoogleScholar database search of the English language from January 1, 1990, through December 31, 2015, was conducted using the following search terms: (medical student OR applicant) AND (application OR match) AND otolaryngology. The survey was administered to 2016 OHNS residency applicants to examine 4 primary areas: current attitudes toward the match, effect of the new Otolaryngology Program Directors Organization personal statement mandate, sources of advice and information, and suggestions for improvement. In January 2016, an email was sent to 100 program directors asking them to distribute the survey to current OHNS applicants at their institution. One follow-up reminder email was sent in February 2016. A link to the survey was posted on the Otomatch.com homepage on January 28, 2016, with the last response received on March 28, 2016. Survey responses regarding the residency application process. A total of 150 of 370 residency applicants (40.5%) responded to the survey. Of these, 125 respondents (90.6%) noted applying to programs in which they had no specific interest simply to improve their chances of matching. Applicants intended to apply to more programs than they actually did (63.6 vs 60.8; r = 0.19; 95% CI, -0.03 to 0.40). Program directors advised fewer applications than other sources; however, 58 respondents (38.7%) did not receive advice from a program director. A total of 121 respondents (80.7%) found online program

Embedding in thermosetting resins

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buzonniere, A. de

1985-01-01

Medium activity waste coming either from nuclear power plants in operation such as evaporator concentrates, spent resins, filter cartridges or the dismantling of installations are embedded in order to obtain a product suitable for long term disposal. Embedding in thermosetting resins (polyester or epoxy) is one among currently used techniques; it is being developed by the CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) and Technicatome (subsidiary of CEA and EDF). The process is easy to operate and yields excellent results particularly as far as volume reduction and radioelement containment (cesium particularly) are concerned. The process has already been in operation in four stationary plants for several years. Extension of the process to mobile units has been completed by Technicatome in collaboration with the CEA [fr

Incineration as a radioactive waste volume reduction process for CEA nuclear centers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Atabek, R.; Chaudon, L.

1994-01-01

Incineration processes represent a promising solution for waste volume reduction, and will be increasingly used in the future. The features and performance specifications of low-level waste incinerators with capacities ranging from 10 to 20 kg - h -1 at the Fontenay-aux-Roses, Grenoble and Cadarache nuclear centers in France are briefly reviewed. More extensive knowledge of low-level wastes produced in facilities operated by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) has allowed us to assess the volume reduction obtained by processing combustible waste in existing incinerators. Research and development work is in progress to improve management procedures for higher-level waste and to build facilities capable of incinerating α - contaminated waste. (authors). 6 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab

Scientists from all over the world attend the 2007 - Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School on Nuclear Reactors, ''Physics, Fuels and Systems''

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fischer, U.; Sanchez-Espinoza, V.H.

2007-01-01

For more than ten years, the Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School has been organized alternately by the Karlsruhe Research Center in Germany and the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Cadarache, in France. This year, the Summer School was held at the Center for Advanced Training in Technology and the Environment of the Karlsruhe Research Center on August 29 to September 7. The overarching topic of the event was the sustainability of nuclear power, including topical issues of generation-IV reactor concepts, transmutation and actinide separation, and geologic final storage. Next year's Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School will be organized by CEA at Aix-en-Provence together with the Nuclear Safety Research Program of the Karlsruhe Research Center. (orig.)

Experience gained in France on heat recovery from nuclear plant for agriculture and pisciculture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Balligand, P.; Dumont, M.; Grauby, A.; Le Gouellec, P.

1977-01-01

For just five years the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique has been interested in the use of thermal wastes from industrial installations particularly from nuclear power plants. Different types of pilot hothouses and their heating with water are presented in detail. The conclusions are that the thermal power plants owing to the Carnot principle release up to 60% of the thermal energy produced in the boiler into the environment but this thermal energy is at a very low temperature. In this paper it has been shown that agriculture and pisciculture can be satisfied with those low temperature waters. But transportation of this low temperature water is quite expensive and the total economy of a project has to be very carefully examined. (M.S.)

Study of the migration of radioactive elements in soils ''in-place''

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bovard, P.; Grauby, A.

The problems of medium protection against radioactive contamination hazards have led the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique--Service de Controle des Radiations et de Genie Radioactif to study the behavior of ions in soils. There are many theoretical researches and laboratory studies on the movement of radioelements in soil. But, with the difficulties for obtaining a similar result in field, we have developed a simple direct method of in place soil contamination. However, a principal drawback remains, the necessity to extrapolate from one or two reduced size samples to a large area. This is all the problem of sampling, which is not specific of our method. However, a choice justified by classical data, let us obtain a sufficient number of results and an accuracy which is suitable

Scientists from all over the world attend the 2005 Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn summer school at Karlsruhe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanchez, V.H.; Fischer, U.

2005-01-01

The Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School annually organized alternately by the Karlsruhe Research Center and the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Cadarche, France, this year was held at the Karlsruhe Congress Center. In line with the mission of the School to disseminate nuclear competence an a broad basis among young scientists from all over the world, lectures covered reactor physics, nuclear fuels, and nuclear systems. Speakers from leading international research institutions presented introductions to their respective fields, outlined the current state of the art, and also highlighted areas in need of further development and, thus, likely to offer challenges to young scientists. Next year's Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School will be organized by CEA and held at Cadarache, France. (orig.)

Scientists from all over the world attend the 2007 - Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School on Nuclear Reactors, 'Physics, Fuels and Systems'; Wissenschaftler aus aller Welt bei der 2007 Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School on Nuclear Reactors 'Physics, Fuels and Systems'

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fischer, U.; Sanchez-Espinoza, V.H. [Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (Germany). Inst. fuer Reaktorsicherheit

2007-12-15

For more than ten years, the Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School has been organized alternately by the Karlsruhe Research Center in Germany and the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Cadarache, in France. This year, the Summer School was held at the Center for Advanced Training in Technology and the Environment of the Karlsruhe Research Center on August 29 to September 7. The overarching topic of the event was the sustainability of nuclear power, including topical issues of generation-IV reactor concepts, transmutation and actinide separation, and geologic final storage. Next year's Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School will be organized by CEA at Aix-en-Provence together with the Nuclear Safety Research Program of the Karlsruhe Research Center. (orig.)

Scientists from all over the world attend the 2005 Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn summer school at Karlsruhe; Wissenschaftler aus aller Welt bei der ''Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School 2005'' in Karlsruhe

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sanchez, V.H.; Fischer, U. [Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst. fuer Reaktorsicherheit, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen (Germany)

2005-10-01

The Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School annually organized alternately by the Karlsruhe Research Center and the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Cadarche, France, this year was held at the Karlsruhe Congress Center. In line with the mission of the School to disseminate nuclear competence an a broad basis among young scientists from all over the world, lectures covered reactor physics, nuclear fuels, and nuclear systems. Speakers from leading international research institutions presented introductions to their respective fields, outlined the current state of the art, and also highlighted areas in need of further development and, thus, likely to offer challenges to young scientists. Next year's Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School will be organized by CEA and held at Cadarache, France. (orig.)

Alpha wastes treatment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thouvenot, P.

2000-01-01

Alter 2004, the alpha wastes issued from the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique installations will be sent to the CEDRA plant. The aims of this installation are decontamination and wastes storage. Because of recent environmental regulations concerning ozone layer depletion, the use of CFC 113 in the decontamination unit, as previously planned, is impossible. Two alternatives processes are studied: the AVD process and an aqueous process including surfactants. Best formulations for both processes are defined issuing degreasing kinetics. It is observed that a good degreasing efficiency is linked to a good decontamination efficiency. Best results are obtained with the aqueous process. Furthermore, from the point of view of an existing waste treatment unit, the aqueous process turns out to be more suitable than the AVD process. (author)

Standardization of the methodology used for fuel pressure drop evaluation to improve hydraulic calculation of heterogeneous cores

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Le Borgne, E.; Mattei, A.; Rome, M.; Rodriguez, J.M.

2004-01-01

The determination of hydraulic characteristics for fuel subassembly components is dependent on the hypotheses and the methodology considered. The results of hydraulic compatibility calculations using input data from different sources may thus be difficult to analyse, and their reliability will consequently be reduced. Electricite de France (EDF) and Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) have initiated a common program aiming at controlling the consequences of such a situation, increasing the reliability of the values used in the hydraulic compatibility calculations, and proposing a standardization of the operating procedures. In a first step, this program is based on the measurements performed in the CEA HERMES P facility. Extension of this program is expected to the equivalent experimental facilities for which sufficient information will be made available. (author)

Processing of gamma-ray spectrometric logs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Umiastowski, K.; Dumesnil, P.

1984-10-01

CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) has developped a gamma-ray spectrometric tool, containing an analog-to-digital converter. This new tool permits to perform very precise uranium logs (natural gamma-ray spectrometry), neutron activation logs and litho-density logs (gamma-gamma spectrometric logs). Specific processing methods were developped to treate the particular problems of down-hole gamma-ray spectrometry. Extraction of the characteristic gamma-ray peak, even if they are superposed on the background radiation of very high intensity, is possible. This processing methode enables also to obtain geological informations contained in the continuous background of the spectrum. Computer programs are written in high level language for SIRIUS (VICTOR) and APOLLO computers. Exemples of uranium and neutron activation logs treatment are presented [fr

Modelling the release behaviour of cesium during severe fuel degradation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lewis, B.J.; Andre, B.; Morel, B.

1995-01-01

An analytical model has been applied to describe the diffusional release of fission product cesium from Zircaloy-clad fuel under high-temperature reactor accident conditions. The present treatment accounts for the influence of the atmosphere (i.e., changing oxygen potential) on the state of fuel oxidation and the release kinetics. The effects of fuel dissolution on the volatile release behaviour (under reducing conditions) is considered in terms of earlier crucible experiments and a simple model based on bubble coalescence and transport in metal pools. The model has been used to interpret the cesium release kinetics observed in steam and hydrogen experiments at the Vertical Irradiation (VI) Facility in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and at the HEVA/VERCORS Facility in the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique. (author)

Hommage à Anatole Abragam (1914-2011)

OpenAIRE

Haroche, Serge

2013-01-01

Anatole Abragam est né à Moscou, le 15 décembre 1914. Il s’est éteint le 8 juin 2011 à l’âge de 96 ans. Diplômé de l’École supérieure d’électricité, il fut directeur de la Physique au Commissariat pour l’énergie atomique de 1965 à 1970. Nommé professeur au Collège de France en 1960, il fut titulaire de la chaire de Magnétisme nucléaire jusqu’en 1985. Né en 1914 à Moscou dans une famille de la bourgeoisie juive, il y passa sa prime enfance, assistant aux premières années de la Russie soviétiqu...

Analysis of recent post irradiation tests by Japanese and French burnup analysis code systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Iwasaki, Tomohiko; Hiraizumi, Hiroaki; Youinou, Gilles

2002-01-01

Benchmark problem based on Japanese Post Irradiation Experiment (PIE) data was analyzed by Japanese burnup analysis code and French one under the cooperative research program between the Japanese University Association (JUA) in Japan and Commissariat a l'Enegie Atomique (CEA) in France. Significant discrepancies over 10% were found between the Japanese and French results for 238 Pu, 243 Am, 244 Cm, 125 Sb, 154 Eu, 134 Cs and 144 Ce. It is supposed that the difference of C/E for 243 Am and 244 Cm between Japanese results and French ones is due to the (n,gamma) reaction of 242m Am. For 125 Sb and 154 Eu, the C/E values are improved by using new cross section and fission yield libraries. (author)

Inter-vessels in-service inspection of Super-Phenix

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Asty, M.; Saglio, R.; Viard, J.; Lerat, B.

1984-01-01

The vessels design of fast breeder reactor Super-Phenix enables inspection during operating time. A self-moving machine -MIR- has been built up especially for that purpose. It is able to carry out visual and ultrasonorous inspection. MIR structure is that of a tetrahedron, all tops of which are fitted with two wheels, as for traction and direction. The wheels are leaning on booth the two vessels. Thanks to a computer-assisted control system, MIR is able to move along in every part of the inter-vessels space. Studies have been carried on at the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, by two Sections of the advanced technologies Service. After outlining MIR working conditions, its main characteristics are described [fr

Atomic complex. Political history of nuclear energy. Le complexe atomique. Histoire politique de l'energie nucleaire

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goldschmidt, B

1980-01-01

The political aspects of the growth of the two facets of the atomic complex have been dealt with in a distinct manner. Hence, this treatise is divided into two parts -two historical accounts- the first 'The explosion' dealing with the arm and the second 'The combustion' linked to the first part and devoted to the production of recoverable energy. Each part seeks to give an overall view of the unfolding of this extraordinary adventure whilst reserving a special destiny to the French aspects.

Spectroscopie de diffusion de la lumière dans les mélanges de gaz atomiques

OpenAIRE

Dixneuf , Sophie

2006-01-01

This thesis is a contribution to the study of the interaction-induced polarizabilities by rare gases, in both the coordinate and the frequency representation. For the first time, collision-induced Raman spectra by atomic gaseous mixtures were recorded, computed quantum mechanically, and interpreted. More specifically, anisotropic and isotropic Stokes spectral wings by room-temperature Ne-Ar were investigated up to 300 cm-1 , whereas the anisotropic wing of the Kr-Xe was explored up to 135 cm-...

Emergency group of the Commisariat a l'energie atomique for supplying help demanded by state authorities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Penneroux, J.

1998-01-01

In the frame of its obligations required by the state authority, the CEA has set up an organisation and intervention means for any needed assistance to responsible authority in case of radiological emergency. In order to be able to answer to any assistance demand of a custom-house officer an agreement has also been found and signed between the French customs and the CEA for the control of radioactive materials and contaminated substances. This paper presents the organisation set up by CEA to face critical conditions out of his own nuclear centers and specially in case of detection by the customs of unauthorized illicit domestic movement of radioactive materials. (author)

Communications Received from Certain Member States Regarding Guidelines for Transfers of Nuclear-related Dual-use Equipment, Materials, Software and Related Technology; Communications recues de certains Etats Membres concernant les directives applicables aux transferts d'equipements, de matieres et de logiciels a double usage dans le domaine nucleaire, ainsi que de technologies connexes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2006-04-10

The Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency has received Notes Verbales, dated 1 December 2005, from the Resident Representatives to the Agency of Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America, relating to transfers of nuclear-related dual-use equipment, materials, software and related technology [French] Le Directeur general de l'Agence internationale de l'energie atomique a recu des notes verbales datees du 1er decembre 2006 des representants permanents aupres de l'Agence des Etats suivants : Afrique du Sud, Allemagne, Argentine, Australie, Autriche, Belarus, Belgique, Bresil, Bulgarie, Canada, Croatie, Espagne, Estonie, Etats-Unis d'Amerique, Finlande, France, Grece, Hongrie, Irlande, Italie, Japon, Lettonie, Lituanie, Luxembourg, Malte, Nouvelle-Zelande, Pays-Bas, Pologne, Portugal, Republique de Coree, Republique tcheque, Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande du Nord, Slovenie, Suede, Suisse, Turquie et Ukraine, au sujet des transferts d'equipements, de matieres et de logiciels e double usage dans le domaine nucleaire, ainsi que de technologies connexes.

Application architecture for .NET designing applications and services

CERN Document Server

Microsoft. Redmond

2003-01-01

Get expert architectural and design-level guidance for building distributed solutions with the Microsoft® .NET Framework-learning how to synthesize your knowledge of application development, servers, and infrastructure and business requirements. This guide assumes you are familiar with .NET component development and the basic principles of a layered distributed application design. It examines architectural issues and solution design for a range of project stakeholders-whether you build and design applications and services, recommend appropriate technologies and products for applications and s

Comparing Web Applications with Desktop Applications: An Empirical Study

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pop, Paul

2002-01-01

In recent years, many desktop applications have been ported to the world wide web in order to reduce (multiplatform) development, distribution and maintenance costs. However, there is little data concerning the usability of web applications, and the impact of their usability on the total cost...... of developing and using such applications. In this paper we present a comparison of web and desktop applications from the usability point of view. The comparison is based on an empirical study that investigates the performance of a group of users on two calendaring applications: Yahoo!Calendar and Microsoft...... Calendar. The study shows that in the case of web applications the performance of the users is significantly reduced, mainly because of the restricted interaction mechanisms provided by current web browsers....

Experimental methods of reactor physics; Methodes experimentales de physique des reacteurs a neutrons thermiques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Breton, D; Lafore, P [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1964-07-01

This paper is a synthesis of various experimental methods in use with the reactors of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique. The main techniques used are mentioned and the difficulties encountered and the accuracy obtained are particularly dwelt upon. The application of these various methods to reactors in order to obtain specific results is also indicated. This paper consists of five parts. I - General methods. Macroscopic and microscopic flux distribution (anisotropy effect), power distribution, etc... II - Kinetic measurements a) pulsed neutron technique: apparatus and accuracy; application to {lambda}t and to anti reactivity measurements; application to graphite, light water and beryllium oxide. b) oscillation techniques: equipment and accuracy; application to the measurements of effective cross sections and resonance integrals. c) fluctuations: apparatus and technique of measurement. III - Poison methods. Description of methods for introducing and extracting the poison, difficulties encountered with light and heavy water, measurement of temperature coefficients and anti-reactivity. IV - Spectra measurements. Choice and development of foils, problems of measurement, application to spectral measurements for thermalization studies, application to dosimetry. V - Experimental shielding measurements. The technique and apparatus recently developed in this field are presented. (authors) [French] Cette communication fait une synthese des differentes methodes experimentales mises en oeuvre sur les reacteurs du CEA. Elle presente les principales techniques utilisees et insiste plus particulierement sur les difficultes rencontrees et la precision obtenue; elle indique egalement l'application de ces differentes methodes sur les reacteurs, en vue de l'obtention des resultats determines. Elle comporte cinq parties: I - METHODES GENERALES: Distribution de flux macroscopique et microscopique (effet d'anisotropie), distribution de puissance, etc... II - MESURES CINETIQUES: a

Language Modelling for Collaborative Filtering: Application to Job Applicant Matching

OpenAIRE

Schmitt , Thomas; Gonard , François; Caillou , Philippe; Sebag , Michèle

2017-01-01

International audience; This paper addresses a collaborative retrieval problem , the recommendation of job ads to applicants. Specifically, two proprietary databases are considered. The first one focuses on the context of unskilled low-paid jobs/applicants; the second one focuses on highly qualified jobs/applicants. Each database includes the job ads and applicant resumes together with the collaborative filtering data recording the applicant clicks on job ads. The proposed approach, called LA...

Proceedings of the meeting 'towards a sustainable energy policy'; Comptes rendus de la rencontre 'vers une politique energetique durable'

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-05-01

This document is a report of the debates and talks given at the 7. meeting of the national debate on energies. It comprises 5 papers. The first paper is a pedagogical session with three scientists (R. Balian, G. Megie, P.R. Bauquis) who answer some general questions about energy consumptions and climatic changes. The second paper is the opening talk of Ms N. Fontaine, representative minister of the industry who recalls the principles, challenges and goals of the future French energy policy (greenhouse effect, oil and gas prices, research, technology and regulation, public information, financial help, diversification of energy sources, nuclear debate). The third paper is the opinion of Ms C. Haignere, representative minister of research and new technologies, about the French energy policy and the development of nuclear fusion. The fourth paper is a debate about the proposals made during the previous six meetings (habits and energy conservation, energy choices, development of renewable energies, nuclear energy), the debate ends with the answer to some questions from the audience. The last paper is the closing talk of T. Saifi, secretary of state for the sustainable development. (J.S.)

A look at the origin of information science: evidence for identity characterization

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jonathas Luiz Carvalho Silva

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Discusses social foundations, scientific and everyday that have given rise to the advent of Information Science, in order to conceive their identity characteristics. Problematológica The condition of this work can be synthesized from the following question: What are the direct factors and / or indirect that have given rise to the emergence of information science? What are the influences of these factors for the construction and characterization of the identity of Information Science? It aims to discuss the various social phenomena, academic and scientific directly and / or indirectly promoted the rise of information science. Methodologically, the article presents an exploratory research in the context of historical research through a literature review. It concludes that several factors helped the origin and foundation of Information Science showing its characteristic of postmodern science, it is possible to observe various features of identity from the elements that gave rise to flow of information science, such as historical identity (relationship of Library and Information Science, identity design (Documentation of Otlet and La Fontaine; shared identity (U.S. contribution to the European continent and the creation of the Information Science and institutional identity (creation of associations in Information Science.

Table des coupes

OpenAIRE

Delarue, G.

2014-01-01

2 vers F M 6 6 ………………………... 16 Les Orphelins et la mère ressuscitée 6 6 ……… ass : é………… 49 Le Moine et la vache 7 7 ……… ass : a………… 35 Le Bûcheron mal marié 7 7 ……… ass : an ………. 48 La Dame au miroir d’argent 7 7 ……… ass : é ………… 27 La Fontaine troublée 7 7 ……… ass : i ………… 24 L’Écolier de Paris 8 8 ……… ass : é ………… 19 C’est dans la grand’ ville de Bretagne (version D) M F 6 6 ……… ass : è-e ………… 13 Le Petit Roi d’Angleterre 6 6 ……… ass : i-e ………….. 4 La Blanche Biche 8 6 ……… ass : an-e ……….. ...

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DEVELOPING SINGLE PAGE APPLICATION AND TRADITIONAL WEB APPLICATION BASED ON MECHATRONICS ROBOT LABORATORY ONAFT APPLICATION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

V. Solovei

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Today most of desktop and mobile applications have analogues in the form of web-based applications.  With evolution of development technologies and web technologies web application increased in functionality to desktop applications. The Web application consists of two parts of the client part and the server part. The client part is responsible for providing the user with visual information through the browser. The server part is responsible for processing and storing data.MPA appeared simultaneously with the Internet. Multiple-page applications work in a "traditional" way. Every change eg. display the data or submit data back to the server. With the advent of AJAX, MPA learned to load not the whole page, but only a part of it, which eventually led to the appearance of the SPA. SPA is the principle of development when only one page is transferred to the client part, and the content is downloaded only to a certain part of the page, without rebooting it, which allows to speed up the application and simplify the user experience of using the application to the level of desktop applications.Based on the SPA, the Mechatronics Robot Laboratory ONAFT application was designed to automate the management process. The application implements the client-server architecture. The server part consists of a RESTful API, which allows you to get unified access to the application functionality, and a database for storing information. Since the client part is a spa, this allows you to reduce the load on the connection to the server and improve the user experience

29 CFR 2704.202 - Contents of application-where the applicant has prevailed.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Contents of application-where the applicant has prevailed... Information Required From Applicants § 2704.202 Contents of application—where the applicant has prevailed. (a) An application for an award under § 2704.105(a) shall show that the applicant has prevailed in a...

Power plant of Creys-Malville options and descriptions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saitcevsky, B.; Robert, E.; Casini, R.; Janberg, K.; Megy, J.; Crette, J.P.; Granito, F.; Leduc, J.

The power plant of CREYS-MALVILLE is the third stage of a program which began with the experimental pile RAPSODIE and the demonstration power plant PHENIX. This is a first industrial realization in which the prime contractor will be NERSA and of which the steam plant will be supplied by the SUPER-PHENIX group under license of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA). The power plant of CREYS-MALVILLE will be a base loaded power plant. The essentials of the options which were taken for PHENIX, were preserved (fuel UO 2 -PUO 2 , integral primary system, core instrumentation, handling mechanisms, etc.). The principal modifications have to do with the number of secondary systems, the primary sodium purification system, and the steam generators etc. A general description of the power and its operation is given

PWR neutron ex-vessel detection calculations using three-dimensional codes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dekens, O.; Lefebvre, J.C.; Rohart, M.; Chiron, M.

1997-01-01

During the accident of TM12, the signal delivered by source detectors was exceptionally high. This phenomenon was found out to be due to the water inventory in the primary system. Thus, in their research activity, Electricite de France (EdF) and Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) have jointly launched a programme, whose aim was to determine to what extent the response of ex-vessel neutron detectors are representative of reactor water level (or sources positions) in a French 900 MWe PWR. In this framework, both partners developed the methods needed for each step of the calculation chain. Finally, a simulation of a LOCA indicates that the loss of coolant can be detected by existing monitoring system, and could be more efficiently found by changing the position of the source range detectors. (authors)

French industrial plant AVM for continuous vitrification of high level radioactive wastes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bonniaud, Roger; Sombret, Claude; Barbe, Alain

1975-01-01

The A.V.M. plant is a continuous process plant now under construction at Marcoule and intended for vitrifying the whole of fission product solutions from the C.E.A. (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) - Marcoule reprocessing plant. The outset of the construction took place in the second 1974 half year; the first radioactive run is scheduled in July 1977. The two steps of the process are shown: first a continuous calcination then a continuous glass making from the calcined product and suitable additives. The plant consists in two parts: vitrification and storage facilities. Some wastes will be continuously produced day after day due to gas clean up and worn out materials. Characteristics of the solutions processed, calcined products, glass composition, and expected liquid wastes are given in tables [fr

G 2 reactor project; Projet de pile a double fin: G 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ailleret, [Electricite de France (EDF), Dir. General des Etudes de Recherches, 75 - Paris (France); Taranger, P; Yvon, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1955-07-01

The CEA actually constructs the G-2 reactor core working with natural uranium, which will use graphite as moderator, and gas under pressure as cooling fluid. This report presents the specificity of the new reactor: - the different elements of the reactor core, - the control and the security of the reactor, - the renewal of the fuel, - the biologic surrounding wall, - and the cooling circuit. (M.B.) [French] le Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique construit actuellement la pile G-2 a Uranium naturel, qui utilisera le graphite comme moderateur, et le gaz sous pression comme fluide de refroidissement. Ce rapport presente les specificite du nouveau reacteur: - les differents elements de la pile, - le controle et la securite du reacteur, - le renouvellement du combustible, - l'enceinte biologique, - et le circuit de refroidissement. (M.B.)

A study of nuclear power in France

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sweet, C.

1981-01-01

It is stated that the purpose of the study is to identify and explain, for a British audience, what the author perceives to be the combination of forces and events that have led France to adopt the most thrustful nuclear programme in the world at the present time. The subject is discussed under the headings: nuclear perspectives (energy needs and supplies - forecasts and programmes); the national interest (government policies in relation to energy; reactor types - gas-graphite and LWR); the structure of the French nuclear industry; the State (the French corps of scientists; the existence of an Administrative Elite; the role of the State and its function in industrial management); decision making; the CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique); Electricite de France; electricity growth and prices; financing the expansion; the international dimension (cooperation). (author)

Total qualification of class 1E electric equipment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chauvin, G.

1982-09-01

For nuclear power plant projects in France, Framatome and its partners Electricite de France (EDF) and the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) have responded to the present qualification context by implementing a wide-ranging qualification program to acquire significant organizational and practical experience. The following sections detail Framatome's approach to the activities of an organization mandated to provide a complete spectrum of qualification services. Thorough implementation of a Class 1E electric equipment qualification program by the competent organization or qualifier entails completion of three consecutive steps: 1) program preparation, 2) program implementation, and 3) analysis of test results and conclusion. The qualifier assumes extensive responsibility for each of these steps. The following sections present test facilities used in France to conduct a total qualification program for Class 1E electric equipment

Study of the migration of radioactive elements in soils ''in-place''

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bovard, P.; Grauby, A.

The problems of medium protection against radioactive contamination hazards have led the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique--Service de Controle des Radiations et de Genie Radioactif to study the behavior of ions in soils. There are many theoretical researches and laboratory studies on the movement of radioelements in soil. But, with the difficulties for obtaining a similar result in field, we have developed a simple direct method of in place soil contamination. However, a principal drawback remains, the necessity to extrapolate from one or two reduced size samples to a large area. This is all the problem of sampling, which is not specific of our method. However, a choice justified by classical data, let us obtain a sufficient number of results and an accuracy which is suitable.

Sulfur-Iodine Integrated Lab Scale Experiment Development

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Russ, Ben

2011-05-27

The sulfur-iodine (SI) cycle was deermined to be the best cycle for coupling to a high temperature reactor (HTR) because of its high efficiency and potential for further improvement. The Japanese Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has also selected the SI process for further development and has successfully completed bench-scale demonstrations of the SI process at atmospheric pressure. JEA also plans to proceed with pilot-scale demonstrations of the SI process and eventually plans to couple an SI demonstration plant to its High Temperature Test Reactor (HHTR). As part of an international NERI project, GA, SNL, and the Frech Commissariat L'Energie Atomique performed laboratory-scale demonstrations of the SI process at prototypical temperatures and pressures. This demonstration was performed at GA in San Diego, CA and concluded in April 2009.

The new French uranium refining plant at Narbonne

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roux, J.

1961-01-01

In 1957 the Commissariat l'Energie Atomique in collaboration with two French industrial firms, the Compagnie de Saint-Gobain and the Societe Potasse et Engrais chimique, undertook the construction of a plant for the production of refined uranium on an industrial scale. This plant, which forms part of the French nuclear equipment programme and which works at a capacity of 1000 tons/year, was put into operation in July 1959. First of all the principles on which this under-taking is based are outlined. This is followed by a more detailed account of the construction, including the improvements brought to the process developed at the C.E.A. plant at le Bouchet when it was carried over to the industrial stage by the uranium branch of the Societe d'Etudes et de Travaux. (author) [fr

Study and development of a two-stage light gas gun

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lezaud, Jean-Michel

1976-01-01

After recalling the definition of principal dimensional internal characteristics of a light gas gun studied and developed at Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, we present the interior ballistics calculation systems in fixed working conditions: these conditions permit to accelerate a 400 g projectile to 6500 m/s speed. About these conditions is studied the influence of some operating parameters: weight of piston, initial pressure of hydrogen, breaking pressure of diaphragms. Afterwards is presented a study of dynamic axial stresses. The consequence of these stresses in certain cross sections of gun has led to conceive the original solution of gun called gun sliding launching tube. At last, some special points appropriated to operating or working methods (optimisation of convergent, extrusion of piston, failure of diaphragms, position of target, circuits of fluids) are presented. (author) [fr

Sulfur-Iodine Integrated Lab Scale Experiment Development

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Russ, Ben

2011-01-01

The sulfur-iodine (SI) cycle was determined to be the best cycle for coupling to a high temperature reactor (HTR) because of its high efficiency and potential for further improvement. The Japanese Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has also selected the SI process for further development and has successfully completed bench-scale demonstrations of the SI process at atmospheric pressure. JEA also plans to proceed with pilot-scale demonstrations of the SI process and eventually plans to couple an SI demonstration plant to its High Temperature Test Reactor (HHTR). As part of an international NERI project, GA, SNL, and the Frech Commissariat L'Energie Atomique performed laboratory-scale demonstrations of the SI process at prototypical temperatures and pressures. This demonstration was performed at GA in San Diego, CA and concluded in April 2009.

Experimental studies of PWR primary piping under loca

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Caumette, Pierre; Garcia, J.L.

1980-07-01

The experimental program performed on AQUITAINE II facility is directed to study the mechanical behavior of primary PWR pipes and the forces exerted on the neighbouring structures as a consequence of a breach opening. It has been developed in the form of a quadripartite agreement between the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Framatome, Electricite de France and Westinghouse. Some forty tests have been carried out with different pipe configurations (straight tube, elbow, S- or U-shaped tube) and different break types (single or double guillotine). The following aspects are investigated: - the dynamic behavior of the pipe and in particular the formation of a plastic hinge at the restraint; - the impact function of a pipe or an energy-absorbing bumper; - the lateral stability of both ends of a pipe, after a double-guillotine break [fr

Analysis of aluminium by atomic absorption spectrometry and analysis of thorium and uranium by alpha spectrometry in the black sand of Egypt

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hannachi, Dhouha; Mathlouthi, Nadia

2008-01-01

Throughout the period of our project of end of study carried out in the Center ; main road Sciences and Nuclear Engineering's CNSTN in one is tallied took one Egypt black sand simple with an aim has of knowing the activities of the existing radio elements and especially Uranium and Thorium. In the same mining, we try to take another Egypt black sand simple an aim has knowing the mass of aluminum by using a techniques in Atomique Absorption Spectrophotometer. After the radio chemical and Spectrometry analysis of the black sand sample we found the results following: - Egypt black sand is contains isotopes of Uranium such as 234 U and 238 U; - The Egypt black sand is contains isotopes of Thorium such as 230 Th and 232 Th. - L' Aluminum is a major. (Author)

New improvements in the self-shielding formalism of the Apollo-2 code

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coste, M.; Tellier, H.; Ribon, P.; Raepsaet, V.; Van der Gucht, C.

1993-01-01

One important modelization of a transport code working on a coarse energy mesh is the self-shielding. The French transport code APPOLO 2, developed at the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, uses a self-shielding formalism based on a double equivalence. First a homogenization gives the reaction rates in a heterogeneous geometry, and then a multigroup equivalence gives, once the reaction rates are known, the self-shielded cross-sections. The homogenization is a very sensitive part because it is the one which requires physical modelizations. We have added a new model which allows us to treat numerous narrow resonances statistically distributed in the same group of the multigroup mesh. It is important to notice that for a narrow resonance isolated in a group, that new model is equivalent to the previous narrow resonance model (NR)

Centralized management for LA and MA waste selection and optimization of processes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Medal, G.

1985-01-01

The procedure currently used for removal of process waste produced by EDF Nuclear Power Plants consists in the local embedding of the waste on each EDF site, the embedded waste is then shipped to a National Final Storage Center. The method used is a financial limitation of opportunities for amendment of containement and volume reduction techniques. The work made by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and its subsidiary TECHNICATOME on behalf of the French Electricite Board (EDF) aim at the removal of waste ''in bulk'' with minimum possible pretreatment in compliance with transport regulation, treatment and conditioning taking place in a centralized waste treatment station so as to allow final storage. This method enables: optimization of the management of waste, selection of safe treatment-processes, storage volume reduction, lower investment and operating costs [fr

Cascade de photons dans les boîtes quantiques uniques

Science.gov (United States)

Robert, I.; Moreau, E.; Gérard, J. M.; Abram, I.

2002-06-01

Nous présentons l'observation expérimentale de l'émission squentielle de photons par une boîte quantique unique sous pompage optique continu ou pulsé. Cette cascade radiative produit des paires de photons corrélés qui sont émis suivant un ordre bien défini. En effet, la fonction de corrélation croisée entre les deux photons formant la paire présente une allure asymétrique, de type groupement ou dégroupement de photons, suivant l'ordre temporel de détection des deux photons. Prédit théoriquement en physique atomique, ce comportement asymétrique de la fonction de corrélation de second ordre est la signature de l'émission successive de photons.

Strong movement data currently available at IPSN/DAS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hamaide, D.; Mohammadioun, B.; Mohammadioun, G.

1986-01-01

The collection of recordings and other data on strong seismic motion compiled by the Departement d'Analyse de Surete de l'Institut de Protection et de Surete Nucleaire (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) to form a data base known as ''sismotheque'' are presented. Following an introduction wherein the necessity of creating such a repertory for evaluating seismic hazard on the sites of nuclear facilities is explained, a description is given of the means engaged, i.e. motion recorded by the DAS's own laboratory or data procured from other research units in France or abroad. The quantity and quality of the data now available are summarized, as well as the techniques designed to gain access to desired information, illustrated by concrete examples. The paper concludes with recommendations for future developments [fr

The MOZART experiment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Briec, M.; Abassin, J.J.; Masson, M.; Johnson, C.E.; Roux, N.

1989-01-01

The MOZART experiment was carried out within the framework of the BEATRIX program, as part of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique contribution to this international collaboration program. This experiment was run during 45 days in the MELUSIN reactor at Grenoble. Tested ceramics were Li 2 O and LiAlO 2 from Japan, Li 2 ZrO 3 from USA, LiAlO 2 from CEA. Influence of parameters such as temperature, sweep gas composition was investigated. Tritium residence times as a function of temperature were calculated. The comparison of the tritium release performance of the three ceramic breeders was made. This investigation has first evidenced the very good tritium release characteristics of Li 2 ZrO 3 especially at low temperatures. (author). 7 refs.; 5 figs.; 3 tabs

Java Application Shell: A Framework for Piecing Together Java Applications

Science.gov (United States)

Miller, Philip; Powers, Edward I. (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

This session describes the architecture of Java Application Shell (JAS), a Swing-based framework for developing interactive Java applications. Java Application Shell is being developed by Commerce One, Inc. for NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Code 588. The purpose of JAS is to provide a framework for the development of Java applications, providing features that enable the development process to be more efficient, consistent and flexible. Fundamentally, JAS is based upon an architecture where an application is considered a collection of 'plugins'. In turn, a plug-in is a collection of Swing actions defined using XML and packaged in a jar file. Plug-ins may be local to the host platform or remotely-accessible through HTTP. Local and remote plugins are automatically discovered by JAS upon application startup; plugins may also be loaded dynamically without having to re-start the application. Using Extensible Markup Language (XML) to define actions, as opposed to hardcoding them in application logic, allows easier customization of application-specific operations by separating application logic from presentation. Through XML, a developer defines an action that may appear on any number of menus, toolbars, and buttons. Actions maintain and propagate enable/disable states and specify icons, tool-tips, titles, etc. Furthermore, JAS allows actions to be implemented using various scripting languages through the use of IBM's Bean Scripting Framework. Scripted action implementation is seamless to the end-user. In addition to action implementation, scripts may be used for application and unit-level testing. In the case of application-level testing, JAS has hooks to assist a script in simulating end-user input. JAS also provides property and user preference management, JavaHelp, Undo/Redo, Multi-Document Interface, Single-Document Interface, printing, and logging. Finally, Jini technology has also been included into the framework by means of a Jini services browser and the

Creation of web applications by Rich Internet Application Adobe Flex

OpenAIRE

PEKA, Karel

2011-01-01

Bachelor work focuses on explaining the functions and development of interactive applications in Adobe Flex RIA also compared to similar web technologies such as AJAX, Microsoft Silverlight or Adobe Flash. Explain the difference between "ordinary" sites and Rich Internet Application (RIA) and the difference shows a series of demonstration examples were processed in Adobe Flash Builder (environment for building Flex applications). Also will be created large-scale application for comprehensive ...

Engineering applications using CAD based application programming interface

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tzotzis Anastasios

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Automating the design process of a product or a system can provide engineers and designers with many benefits. As such, repeatable tasks that are time consuming can be handled automatically and with minimal human attention. This is achieved by using the API (Application Programmable Interface of CAD systems in order to create macros or even develop software applications. The present paper deals with an application that has been developed with the API of a general purposes CAD system. This application automates the design process of a standard pneumatic double acting cylinder based on the appropriate inserted parameters (ISO 15552.The design process begins with the creation of a series of components developed as solids, and extends to the extraction of basic attributes and properties from the complete mechanical assembly. Finally, the assembled models and the extracted data can be used to further study the design of the pneumatic double acting cylinder. It is expected in the future to expand the features of the presented application in order to automate the design process of other related mechanical systems.

Development of the next generation code system as an engineering modelling language. 3. Study with prototyping. 2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yokoyama, Kenji; Chiba, Go; Kasahara, Naoto; Ishikawa, Makoto

2004-04-01

In the fast reactor development, numerical simulations using analysis code play and important role for complementing theory and experiment. In order to efficiently advance the research and development of fast reactors, JNC promotes the development of next generation simulation code (NGSC). In this report, an investigation research result by prototyping which carried out for the conceptual design of the NGSC is described. From the viewpoint of the cooperative research with CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) in France, a trend survey on several platforms for numerical analysis and an applicability evaluation of the SALOME platform in CEA for the NGSC were carried out. As a result of the evaluation, it is confirmed that the SALOME had been satisfied the features of efficiency, openness, universality, expansibility and completeness that are required by the NGSC. In addition, it is confirmed that the SALOME had the concept of the control layer required by the NGSC and would be one of the important candidates as a platform of the NGSC. In the field of the structure analysis, the prototype of the PRTS.NET code was reexamined from the viewpoint of class structure and input/output specification in order to improve the data processing efficiency and maintainability. In the field of the reactor physics analysis, a development test of a new code with C++ and a reuse test of an existing code written in Fortran was carried out in view of utilizing the SALOME for the NGSC. (author)

OECD/DOE/CEA VVER-1000 Coolant Transient Benchmark. Summary Record of the First Workshop (V1000-CT1)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2003-01-01

The first workshop for the VVER-1000 Coolant Transient Benchmark TT Benchmark was hosted by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Centre d'Etudes de Saclay, France. The V1000CT benchmark defines standard problems for validation of coupled three-dimensional (3-D) neutron-kinetics/system thermal-hydraulics codes for application to Soviet-designed VVER-1000 reactors using actual plant data without any scaling. The overall objective is to access computer codes used in the safety analysis of VVER power plants, specifically for their use in reactivity transient simulations in a VVER-1000. The V1000CT benchmark consists of two phases: V1000CT-1 - simulation of the switching on of one main coolant pump (MCP) while the other three MCP are in operation, and V1000CT- 2 - calculation of coolant mixing tests and Main Steam Line Break (MSLB) scenario. Further background information on this benchmark can be found at the OECD/NEA benchmark web site . The purpose of the first workshop was to review the benchmark activities after the Starter Meeting held last year in Dresden, Germany: to discuss the participants' feedback and modifications introduced in the Benchmark Specifications on Phase 1; to present and to discuss modelling issues and preliminary results from the three exercises of Phase 1; to discuss the modelling issues of Exercise 1 of Phase 2; and to define work plan and schedule in order to complete the two phases

Industrial tests of rhodium self-powered detectors: the Golfech 2 experimentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mourlevat, J.L.; Janvier, D.; Warren, H.D.

2000-01-01

In co-operation with Electricite de France (EDF), FRAMATOME has been testing two in-core strings which are equipped with rhodium self-powered detectors (SPDs) in the Golfech Unit 2 reactor (1300 MW, 4L plant) since August 1997. The rhodium SPDs and the strings which support them were designed and built by the US FRAMATOME subsidiary FRAMATOME-COGEMA-FUEL (FCF). The rhodium signals and some other plant parameters are acquired through the use of a specific device designed by the CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) and are processed off-line by FRAMATOME. This demonstration test is planned to last until mid-2000. The following presentation is focused on the results obtained during the first demonstration cycle (from 08/97 to 12/98). The tests that have been conducted consist of checking the rhodium depletion and of comparing the rhodium signals to the movable probes. In order to compensate for the delay in the rhodium signals, a deconvolution algorithm has also been tested. Up to now, the results are very satisfactory and a future large scale industrial application is being discussed with the EDF. The main objective of the next experimentation phase is to test - under industrial conditions - a prototype of an on-line monitoring unit known as the Partial In-Core Monitoring System (PIMS). This system will include 16 rhodium in-core strings and will use an on-line 3-D core model. (authors)

PSA applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dubreuil Chambardel, A.

1996-01-01

The IAEA now defines three types of PSA applications: Validation of design and of operation procedures; optimization of plant operation; and regulatory applications. The applications of PSA are manifold: only a few are dealt with here (precursor analysis is dealt with in session 3, topic 4). For each of them, we will do the utmost to demonstrate the main difficulties encountered, EDF's viewpoint on the matter, and the points remaining to be solved. In what follows, unless explicitly stated otherwise, we have made every effort to represent the different applications as they are practiced by all concerned in the international community, and to describe the inherent difficulties the international community has encountered with these applications with all objectivity. It goes without saying that the comments below are simply those of the ESF department, and are submitted here for discussion by the experts. 13 refs

PSA applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dubreuil Chambardel, A

1997-12-31

The IAEA now defines three types of PSA applications: Validation of design and of operation procedures; optimization of plant operation; and regulatory applications. The applications of PSA are manifold: only a few are dealt with here (precursor analysis is dealt with in session 3, topic 4). For each of them, we will do the utmost to demonstrate the main difficulties encountered, EDF`s viewpoint on the matter, and the points remaining to be solved. In what follows, unless explicitly stated otherwise, we have made every effort to represent the different applications as they are practiced by all concerned in the international community, and to describe the inherent difficulties the international community has encountered with these applications with all objectivity. It goes without saying that the comments below are simply those of the ESF department, and are submitted here for discussion by the experts. 13 refs.

Nucléation et croissance de films YBa_{2Cu3O_{7 - δ}} déposés par ablation laser sur substrat de MgO(001)

Science.gov (United States)

Keller, D.; Gervais, A.; Chambonnet, D.; Belouet, C.; Audry, C.

1995-02-01

In the field of superconducting devices devoted to microwave applications, the crystalline texture of high quality thin films based on YBa{2}Cu{3}O{7 - δ} is of primary importance. This study presents the formation of this texture on MgO substrates with the nucleation and growth steps up to a film thickness of 300 nm as observed by means of AFM, HRTEM and XRD. The influence of deposition temperature on the growth mode is shown and a nucleation/growth model is discussed. The minimum roughness of c_{bot 0}{(^1)} textured films, 300 nm thick and 20 × 20 mm2 in size is as slow as 2 nm. Dans le cadre de la réalisation de composants supraconducteurs de haute qualité à base du composé YBa{2}Cu{3}O{7 - δ} destinés aux applications en hyperfréquences, le contrôle de la texture cristalline des films est de première importance. La formation de celle-ci sur substrat MgO est étudiée depuis la nucléation jusqu'à une épaisseur de 300 nm au moyen de la microscopie à force atomique, de la microscopie électronique en transmission à haute résolution et de la diffraction des rayons X. L'influence de la température de dépôt sur le mode de croissance est abordée et un modèle de nucléation/croissance est discuté. La rugosité minimale des films d'épaisseur 300 nm et de dimensions 20 × 20 mm2 de texture c_{bot 0}{(^1)} est voisine de 2 nm.

The use of the SIPACT simulator inside INSTN

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pochard, P.; Jedrzejewski, F.

1997-01-01

As a part of the CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique), the INSTN is in charge of teaching nuclear sciences and techniques. The use of simulators to improve, by some practice, the student's knowledge has been promoted since 1986. In introduction, a short overview is given on these different simulators, to study normal operation and abnormal situations. Nowadays, following an agreement between Electricite de France (EDF) and INSTN the new generation SIPA (Simulator Post Accidental), an EDF- Thomson- IPSN project, has been implemented, in it's workstation version called SIPACT, mid 1996. In EDF these simulators are used for operators training and also for safety studies. The thermalhydraulics software is directly derived from the CATHARE code, with basically a two fluid six equations model. So the range of applications is considerably enlarged. This paper described the role and the application of the SIPACT simulator in relation with the different courses. For the nuclear technical engineering degree, the main related courses subjects are thermics, two phase flow modeling, the main thermalhydraulics systems codes, the main physical phenomena following accidental scenarios. The two basic SIPACT simulations concerns the cooling of the primary circuit in normal and accidental conditions. Then, following the options (modeling or plant operation) the students have two up to five additional exercises. For each simulation there is several pedagogical objectives which are described in this paper. Each simulation has a limited duration of three hours. When possible, following a basic demonstrative imposed scenario, there is a choice of different options and the students (maximum number is six) have to agree on a coherent sketch. The advantages and conditions of success of this procedure are discussed in this paper. The conclusions, based on the first experience wee had on the use of the SIPACT simulator inside the INSTN, are given. (author)

The IBA Rhodotron: an industrial high-voltage high-powered electron beam accelerator for polymers radiation processing

Science.gov (United States)

Van Lancker, Marc; Herer, Arnold; Cleland, Marshall R.; Jongen, Yves; Abs, Michel

1999-05-01

The Rhodotron is a high-voltage, high-power electron beam accelerator based on a design concept first proposed in 1989 by J. Pottier of the French Atomic Agency, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA). In December 1991, the Belgian particle accelerator manufacturer, Ion Beam Applications s.a. (IBA) entered into an exclusive agreement with the CEA to develop and industrialize the Rhodotron. Electron beams have long been used as the preferential method to cross-link a variety of polymers, either in their bulk state or in their final form. Used extensively in the wire and cable industry to toughen insulating jackets, electron beam-treated plastics can demonstrate improved tensile and impact strength, greater abrasion resistance, increased temperature resistance and dramatically improved fire retardation. Electron beams are used to selectively cross-link or degrade a wide range of polymers in resin pellets form. Electron beams are also used for rapid curing of advanced composites, for cross-linking of floor-heating and sanitary pipes and for cross-linking of formed plastic parts. Other applications include: in-house and contract medical device sterilization, food irradiation in both electron and X-ray modes, pulp processing, electron beam doping of semi-conductors, gemstone coloration and general irradiation research. IBA currently markets three models of the Rhodotron, all capable of 10 MeV and alternate beam energies from 3 MeV upwards. The Rhodotron models TT100, TT200 and TT300 are typically specified with guaranteed beam powers of 35, 80 and 150 kW, respectively. Founded in 1986, IBA, a spin-off of the Cyclotron Research Center at the University of Louvain (UCL) in Belgium, is a pioneer in accelerator design for industrial-scale production.

The IBA Rhodotron: an industrial high-voltage high-powered electron beam accelerator for polymers radiation processing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lancker, Marc van; Herer, Arnold; Cleland, Marshall R.; Jongen, Yves; Abs, Michel

1999-01-01

The Rhodotron is a high-voltage, high-power electron beam accelerator based on a design concept first proposed in 1989 by J. Pottier of the French Atomic Agency, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA). In December 1991, the Belgian particle accelerator manufacturer, Ion Beam Applications s.a. (IBA) entered into an exclusive agreement with the CEA to develop and industrialize the Rhodotron. Electron beams have long been used as the preferential method to cross-link a variety of polymers, either in their bulk state or in their final form. Used extensively in the wire and cable industry to toughen insulating jackets, electron beam-treated plastics can demonstrate improved tensile and impact strength, greater abrasion resistance, increased temperature resistance and dramatically improved fire retardation. Electron beams are used to selectively cross-link or degrade a wide range of polymers in resin pellets form. Electron beams are also used for rapid curing of advanced composites, for cross-linking of floor-heating and sanitary pipes and for cross-linking of formed plastic parts. Other applications include: in-house and contract medical device sterilization, food irradiation in both electron and X-ray modes, pulp processing, electron beam doping of semi-conductors, gemstone coloration and general irradiation research. IBA currently markets three models of the Rhodotron, all capable of 10 MeV and alternate beam energies from 3 MeV upwards. The Rhodotron models TT100, TT200 and TT300 are typically specified with guaranteed beam powers of 35, 80 and 150 kW, respectively. Founded in 1986, IBA, a spin-off of the Cyclotron Research Center at the University of Louvain (UCL) in Belgium, is a pioneer in accelerator design for industrial-scale production

37 CFR 2.27 - Pending trademark application index; access to applications.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Pending trademark application... Registration § 2.27 Pending trademark application index; access to applications. (a) An index of pending... particular pending application will be permitted prior to publication under § 2.80 upon written request. (c...

LCA Applications

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Owsianiak, Mikołaj; Bjørn, Anders; Laurent, Alexis

2018-01-01

The chapter gives examples of applications of LCA by the central societal actors in government, industry and citizens, and discusses major motivations and challenges for the use of LCA to support science-based decision-making from their respective perspectives. We highlight applications of LCA...... environmental impacts of products and systems and support decisions around production and consumption and highlights factors that prevent its even more widespread application....

High temperature ultrasonic sensor for fission gas characterization in MTR harsh environment

Science.gov (United States)

Gatsa, O.; Combette, P.; Rozenkrantz, E.; Fourmentel, D.; Destouches, C.; Ferrandis, J. Y. AD(; )

2018-01-01

In the contemporary world, the measurements in hostile environment is one of the predominant necessity for automotive, aerospace, metallurgy and nuclear plant. The measurement of different parameters in experimental reactors is an important point in nuclear power strategy. In the near past, IES (Institut d'Électronique et des Systèmes) on collaboration with CEA (Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives) have developed the first ultrasonic sensor for the application of gas quantity determination that has been tested in a Materials Testing Reactor (MTR). Modern requirements state to labor with the materials that possess stability on its parameters around 350°C in operation temperature. Previous work on PZT components elaboration by screen printing method established the new basis in thick film fabrication and characterization in our laboratory. Our trials on Bismuth Titanate ceramics showed the difficulties related to high electrical conductivity of fabricated samples that postponed further research on this material. Among piezoceramics, the requirements on finding an alternative solution on ceramics that might be easily polarized and fabricated by screen printing approach were resolved by the fabrication of thick film from Sodium Bismuth Titanate (NBT) piezoelectric powder. This material exhibits high Curie temperature, relatively good piezoelectric and coupling coefficients, and it stands to be a good solution for the anticipated application. In this paper, we present NBT thick film fabrication by screen printing, characterization of piezoelectric, dielectric properties and material parameters studies in dependence of temperature. Relatively high resistivity in the range of 1.1013 Ohm.cm for fabricated thick film is explained by Aurivillius structure in which a-and b-layers form perovskite structure between oxides of c-layer. Main results of this study are presented and discussed in terms of feasibility for an application to a new sensor

Increased Productivity for Emerging Grid Applications the Application Support System

CERN Document Server

Maier, Andrew; Mendez Lorenzo, Patricia; Moscicki, Jakub; Lamanna, Massimo; Muraru, Adrian

2008-01-01

Recently a growing number of various applications have been quickly and successfully enabled on the Grid by the CERN Grid application support team. This allowed the applications to achieve and publish large-scale results in a short time which otherwise would not be possible. We present the general infrastructure, support procedures and tools that have been developed. We discuss the general patterns observed in supporting new applications and porting them to the EGEE environment. The CERN Grid application support team has been working with the following real-life applications: medical and particle physics simulation (Geant4, Garfield), satellite imaging and geographic information for humanitarian relief operations (UNOSAT), telecommunications (ITU), theoretical physics (Lattice QCD, Feynman-loop evaluation), Bio-informatics (Avian Flu Data Challenge), commercial imaging processing and classification (Imense Ltd.) and physics experiments (ATLAS, LHCb, HARP). Using the EGEE Grid we created a standard infrastruct...

Medical Applications

OpenAIRE

Biscari, C.; Falbo, L.

2016-01-01

The use of accelerators for medical applications has evolved from initial experimentation to turn-key devices commonly operating in hospitals. New applications are continuously being developed around the world, and the hadrontherapy facilities of the newest generation are placed at the frontier between industrial production and advanced R&D. An introduction to the different medical application accelerators is followed by a description of the hadrontherapy facilities, with special emphasis on ...

ADAM (Affordable Desktop Application Manager): a Unix desktop application manager

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liebana, M.; Marquina, M.; Ramos, R.

1996-01-01

ADAM stands for Affordable Desktop Application Manager. It is a GUI developed at CERN with the aim to ease access to applications. The motivation to develop ADAM came from the unavailability of environments like COSE/CDE and their heavy resource consumption. ADAM has proven to be user friendly: new users are able to customize it to their needs in few minutes. Groups of users may share through ADAM a common application environment. ADAM also integrates the Unix and the PC world. PC users can excess Unix applications in the same way as their usual Windows applications. This paper describes all the ADAM features, how they are used at CERN Public Services, and the future plans for ADAM. (author)

Applications of radionuclides in industry; Applications des radioelements a l'industrie

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leveque, P [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Paris (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1955-07-01

After a brief recall of a few concepts (mass number, charge and beams properties) and the description of used detectors (ionization chamber, Geiger-Mueller counter, scintillation counters), some radionuclides applications are described. In a first part, the well-developed applications are presented in three distinct groups: continuous applications such as {beta} and {gamma} gauges (determination hydrogen content of an hydrocarbon and content of an emulsion; discharge of static electricity), discontinuous applications such as radiography and autoradiography, wear or manufacture problems (distribution of a fungicide on tobacco) and finally, applications in research laboratories such as diffusion, exchange and solubility. It also describes the applications which are still in development such as the action of beams on matter (reticulation and degradation of polymers, monomers polymerisation, cold sterilization). In conclusion, few advices on the opportunity of such applications and the choice of the radionuclides are given. (M.P.)

Pulse polarography - special application; Polarographie a impulsions - applications particulieres

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chapron, Y [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1967-07-01

The calculation of the current on a plane electrode in particular conditions is presented briefly, the first part of the report then consists of a theoretical and methodological presentation of pulse polarography. The calculation of the current in pulse polarography is given for different modes of measurement and for redox systems of variable reversibility. Various extensions are proposed with a view to extending the field of application of the method. The second part presents two particular applications. One application is to analytical chemistry: organometallic complexes applied to the pulse polarographic analysis; the other application is to electrochemical kinetics using integral pulse polarography. This research has enabled us to determine, in the first case, elements present in minute traces, and in the second case the kinetic parameters of an electrochemical reaction which is too fast to be analyzed by conventional polarography. (author) [French] Apres un rappel sur le calcul du courant sur electrode plane dans des conditions precises, la premiere partie du memoire est consacree a l'expose theorique et methodologique de la polarographie a impulsions. Le calcul du courant en polarographie a impulsions est donne pour divers modes de mesures et pour des systemes redox de reversibilites variees. Diverses extensions sont proposees de facon a elargir le domaine d'application de la methode. La deuxieme partie introduit deux applications particulieres. Une application a la chimie analytique: les complexes organometalliques appliques a l'analyse pulsopolarographique et une application a la cinetique electrochimique par polarographie a impulsions integrale. Ces recherches nous ont permis de determiner dans le premier cas, des elements a l'etat de traces infimes, dans le deuxieme cas, les parametres cinetiques d'une reaction electrochimique trop rapide pour etre analysee par polarographie classique. (auteur)

Web Application Vulnerabilities

OpenAIRE

Yadav, Bhanu

2014-01-01

Web application security has been a major issue in information technology since the evolvement of dynamic web application. The main objective of this project was to carry out a detailed study on the top three web application vulnerabilities such as injection, cross site scripting, broken authentication and session management, present the situation where an application can be vulnerable to these web threats and finally provide preventative measures against them. ...

Agreement on scientific and technical co-operation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy between the National Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Technology (LNETI) and the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1980-01-01

This Agreement on scientific and technical co-operation in the nuclear field was signed between the French Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) and the Portuguese National Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Technology (LNETI). The Agreement covers, inter alia, research in the safety of nuclear installations and radiation protection; radioisotope applications; radioecology; environmental studies and the impact of nuclear energy on the environment. The Agreement, which became operational on the date of its signature by both Parties will remain in force for ten years. A Protocol, also signed on 27th November 1980 under the Agreement, defines the general conditions for scientific and technical co-operation between the CEA and the LNETI. (NEA) [fr

Application and interview features used to assess applicant qualifications for residency training.

Science.gov (United States)

Butts, Allison R; Smith, Kelly M

2015-02-01

To determine what factors residency program directors (RPDs) consider and what methods they use to assess applicants. Respondents ranked the importance of 27 applicant features within domains: academics/credentials, application features/program fit, involvement, professional experience, research/ teaching experience, and postgraduate year 1 (PGY-1) residency experience. Rank was assigned in an ordinal fashion (1 = most important feature). The domains were characterized by their importance (mean % ± SD) in selecting candidates for interviews. Participants characterized their screening process according to 8 application and 6 interview features and the corresponding applicant dimensions evaluated. RPDs rated the importance of 14 methods applicants used to communicate with the program and 3 methods by which references were obtained. A Likert scale was used for rating (4 = crucial features). The approaches the program used to evaluate 12 application features or interpersonal interactions were reported. The most important application domain was application features/program fit (26.28 ± 19.11). The highest ranked application feature was program fit (2.04 ± 1.17). The applicant's cover letter, recommendation letters, curriculum vitae, and interview meal were commonly used to assess communication and interpersonal skills, knowledge base, and experience. The most important communication venue was the on-site interview (3.95 ± 0.23). Recommendations solicited by RPDs (3.42 ± 0.69) were most important. Programs formally evaluated the interview (89%) and recommendation letters (84%). Understanding the importance that RPDs place on application and interview features, as well as the process used to assess communication skills and interpersonal interactions, should allow residency candidates to become more competitive residency prospects.

Applications for cyber security - System and application monitoring

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marron, J. E.

2006-01-01

Standard network security measures are adequate for defense against external attacks. However, many experts agree that the greater threat is from internal sources. Insiders with malicious intentions can change controller instructions, change alarm thresholds, and issue commands to equipment which can damage equipment and compromise control system integrity. In addition to strict physical security the state of the system must be continually monitored. System and application monitoring goes beyond the capabilities of network security appliances. It will include active processes, operating system services, files, network adapters and IP addresses. The generation of alarms is a crucial feature of system and application monitoring. The alarms should be integrated to avoid the burden on operators of checking multiple locations for security violations. Tools for system and application monitoring include commercial software, free software, and ad-hoc tools that can be easily created. System and application monitoring is part of a 'defense-in-depth' approach to a control network security plan. Layered security measures prevent an individual security measure failure from being exploited into a successful security breach. Alarming of individual failures is essential for rapid isolation and correction of single failures. System and application monitoring is the innermost layer of this defense strategy. (authors)

Connected vehicle applications : environment.

Science.gov (United States)

2016-01-01

The U.S. Department of Transportation has developed a number of connected vehicle environmental applications, including the Applications for the Environment Real-Time Information Synthesis (AERIS) research program applications and road weather applic...

IMS Application Developer's Handbook Creating and Deploying Innovative IMS Applications

CERN Document Server

Noldus, Rogier; Mulligan, Catherine; Fikouras, Ioannis; Ryde, Anders; Stille, Mats

2011-01-01

IMS Application Developer Handbook will give a hands-on view of exactly what needs to be done by IMS application developers to write an application and take it "live" on an operator's network. It will offer practical guidance on building innovative applications using the features and capabilities of the IMS network, show how the rapidly changing development environment is impacting on the business models employed in the industry and how existing network solutions can be moved towards IMS. The book will also elaborate on how IMS applies basic VoIP principles and techniques to realise a true mul

Medical Applications

CERN Document Server

Biscari, C.

2014-12-19

The use of accelerators for medical applications has evolved from initial experimentation to turn-key devices commonly operating in hospitals. New applications are continuously being developed around the world, and the hadrontherapy facilities of the newest generation are placed at the frontier between industrial production and advanced R&D. An introduction to the different medical application accelerators is followed by a description of the hadrontherapy facilities, with special emphasis on CNAO, and the report closes with a brief outlook on the future of this field.

Medical Applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Biscari, C; Falbo, L

2014-01-01

The use of accelerators for medical applications has evolved from initial experimentation to turn-key devices commonly operating in hospitals. New applications are continuously being developed around the world, and the hadrontherapy facilities of the newest generation are placed at the frontier between industrial production and advanced R&D. An introduction to the different medical application accelerators is followed by a description of the hadrontherapy facilities, with special emphasis on CNAO, and the report closes with a brief outlook on the future of this field

Electrical applications 2

CERN Document Server

Tyler, David W

1998-01-01

Electrical Applications 2 covers the BTEC NII level objectives in Electrical Applications U86/330. To understand the applications, a knowledge of the underlying principles is needed and these are covered briefly in the text. Key topics discussed are: the transmission and distribution of electrical energy; safety and regulations; tariffs and power factor correction; materials and their applications in the electrical industry; transformers; DC machines; illumination; and fuse protection. Included in each chapter are worked examples which should be carefully worked through before progressing to t

List of reports on reactor safety research of BMFT, CEA, EPRI, JSTA and USNRC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1984-07-01

This list reviews reports from the Federal Republic of Germany, from France, from Japan and from the United States of America concerning special problems in the field of reactor safety research. According to the cooperation of the Bundesminister fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT) with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JSTA), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, these reports are available in the Gesellschaft fuer Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). The list pursues the following order: Country of origin, problem area concerned, according to the Reactor Safety Research Programm of the BMFT, reporting organization. The list of reports appears quarterly. Requests for reports should be addressed to GRS, Forschungsbetreuung. Contractual points of view have to be considered for the distribitution of the reports. (orig.) [de

Uranium deposits in the Nord-Limousin; Les gites d'uranium du Nord-Limousin

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sarcia, J A; Sarcia, J A [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1958-07-01

The authors briefly consider the region in its geographical and geological setting. They describe the main petrographic, metallogenic and tectonic characteristics of the sector investigated by the Atomic Energy Commission since 1947, stressing the form of uraniferous mineral deposits. This short account is intended as a general presentation of the detailed studies which will follow, of which that dealing with the mine Henriette is the first to be published. (author) [French] Les auteurs replacent rapidement la region dans son cadre geographique et geologique. Ils decrivent les principales caracteristiques petrographiques, metallogeniques et tectoniques du secteur etudie par le Commissariat a I'Energie atomique depuis 1947, en insistant sur le mode de gisement des mineralisations uraniferes. Ces quelques pages sont destinees a la presentation generale des etudes de detail qui suivront, dont celle qui concerne la Mine Henriette est la premiere publiee. (auteur)

Scientists from all over the world attend the ''Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School 2009'' at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanchez Espinoza, Victor Hugo; Fischer, Ulrich

2009-01-01

The ''Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School'' is organized each year alternately by the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Cadarache. This year's Summer School, the 15th since its foundation, was run at the Advanced Training Center (FTU) of KIT Campus Nord on August 26 to September 4. The key topic this year was ''The Challenges in Implementing Fast Reactor Technology.'' These are the items discussed: Principles and challenges of future fast reactor designs, Fuels, fuel cycle, and recycling of minor actinides, Innovative cladding tube and structural materials, Special aspects of coolants and the challenges they pose, Fast reactor safety. Experts from 8 leading international research establishments and universities presented and discussed with the 58 participants from 16 countries the current state of the art and the latest development trends in the topics listed above. (orig.)

Reduction of occupational exposures in PWR power plants - actions undertaken

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jeanson, P.

1983-01-01

The reduction of doses to nuclear power plant workers is a permanent aim of Electricite de France. Many actions are undertaken simultaneously some of them jointly with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique. The theoretical studies bear mainly on the formation and transfer of corrosion and fission products in the primary circuit of PWRs and on the procedures to lower the deposited activity. The practical studies bear on the design of materials and buildings and the rules of installation as well as on the chemical conditioning of the primary fluid. They also bear on the conditions of maintenance of all the components; for the main ones, special tools are designed. Finally, operating a daily dosimetry makes it possible to know the distribution of collective doses better and therefore to judiciously direct the actions to be undertaken [fr

Fast breeder reactors: Experience and trends. V. 2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1986-01-01

The IAEA Symposium on ''Fast Breeder Reactors: Experience and Future Trends'' was held, at the invitation of the Government of France, in Lyons, France, on 22-26 July 1985. It was hosted by the French Commissariat a l'energie atomique and Electricite de France. The purpose of the Symposium was to review the experience gained so far in the field of LMFBRs, taking into account the constructional, operational, technological, economic and fuel cycle aspects, and to consider the developmental trends as well as the international co-operation in fast breeder reactor design and utilization. The Symposium was attended by almost 400 participants (340 participants, 35 observers and 20 journalists) from 25 countries and five international organizations. More than 80 papers were presented and discussed during six regular sessions and four poster sessions. A separate abstract was prepared for each of these papers

Design basis for the operational modelling of the atmospheric dispersion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Doury, A.

1987-11-01

Based on the latest practices at the Institut de Protection et de Surete Nucleaire of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), we shall first present the basis elements used for a simple and adequate modelling method for assessing hypothetical atmospheric pollution from transient or continuous discharge with any given kinetics under various weather conditions which are not necessarily stationary or uniform, which are likely to occur even with little or no wind. Discharges shall be considered as sequences of instantaneous successive puffs. The parameters deduced experimentally or from observations are functions of the transfer time and cover all time and space scales. The restrictions of use are indicated, especially concerning heavy gases. Finally, simple formulas are proposed for concentrations and depositions so as to be able to make a rapid estimation of the orders of magnitude with almost no computation [fr

Design basis for the operational modelling of the atmospheric dispersion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Doury, A.

1987-10-01

Based on the latest practices at the Institut de Protection et de Surete Nucleaire of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), we shall first present the basis elements used for a simple and adequate modelling method for assessing hypothetical atmospheric pollution from transient or continuous discharge with any given kinetics under various weather conditions which are not necessarily stationary or uniform, which are likely to occur even with little or no wind. Discharges shall be considered as sequences of instantaneous successive puffs. The parameters deduced experimentally or from observations are functions of the transfer time and cover all time and space scales. The restrictions of use are indicated, especially concerning heavy gases. Finally, simple formulas are proposed for concentrations and depositions so as to be able to make a rapid estimation of the orders of magnitude with almost no computation [fr

Release monitoring and environmental surveillance of Cea centers. Assessment and regulation and method 1999; Controle des rejets et surveillance de l'environnement des centres CEA. Bilan et reglementation et methode 1999

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-07-01

The quality of the natural environment around the centers of the Commissariat a l Energie Atomique is an important point of its safety policy. The environmental protection is based on the control of risks coming from research and development activities of its installations. It aims to reduce as low as possible, the impact of its activities on man and his environment. This publication develops the sampling and measurement methods that are made on effluents and in environment, according to the radionuclides characteristics, that are present. It gives also the regulation that applied to the effluents monitoring. The results of radioactive effluents releases (liquid and gaseous) and the surveillance of environment around cea centers is given in the 'Bilan 1999' publication. An analysis of these results on the 1995-1999 period allows to follow their evolution. (N.C.)

Experience gained in France on heat recovery from nuclear plants for agriculture and pisciculture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Balligand, P.; Le Gouellec, P.; Dumont, M.; Grauby, A.

1978-01-01

Since 1972, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Electricite de France, and the French Ministry of Agriculture have jointly examined the possibility of using thermal wastes from nuclear power plants for the benefit of agricultural production. A new process to heat greenhouses with water at 303 K using a double-wall plastic mulching laid directly on the soil has been successfully used for a few years on several hectares. When necessary, heat pumps are utilized. Very good results have been obtained for tomatoes, cucumbers, flowers, and strawberries, etc. Outdoor soil heating with buried pipes has been tested in Cadarache near an experimental pressurized water reactor for market garden crops and forestry. Gains in precocity and yield have been excellent, especially for asparagus, strawberries, and potatoes. Growing of eels has been four times faster in warm water over one year

Release monitoring and environmental surveillance of Cea centers. Assessment and regulation and method 1999

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2000-01-01

The quality of the natural environment around the centers of the Commissariat a l Energie Atomique is an important point of its safety policy. The environmental protection is based on the control of risks coming from research and development activities of its installations. It aims to reduce as low as possible, the impact of its activities on man and his environment. This publication develops the sampling and measurement methods that are made on effluents and in environment, according to the radionuclides characteristics, that are present. It gives also the regulation that applied to the effluents monitoring. The results of radioactive effluents releases (liquid and gaseous) and the surveillance of environment around cea centers is given in the 'Bilan 1999' publication. An analysis of these results on the 1995-1999 period allows to follow their evolution. (N.C.)

Atom and France. The origins of the French techno-science

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Belot, Robert

2015-01-01

France is the most 'nuclearized' country in the world, while French people is nowadays less or more strongly suspicious about nuclear energy and its consequences. This book, written by an historian and a geo-politics University teacher, presents the story of the French technical and industrial revival in the early postwar period, with the intense effort on nuclear energy that was pushed by Charles de Gaulle's vision with the help of the French Communist party: creation of the CEA (Centre d'etudes atomiques) in 1945, less than two months after the Hiroshima bombing; the predominance of the rational and scientific doctrine of progress ploughing its roots in the French 18. century (the Age of Enlightenment); the social and political issues and effects of the Cold War on the military as well as civil French nuclear program, etc

Status of the CNES-CEA joint program on space nuclear Brayton systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carre, F.; Proust, E.; Chaudourne, S.; Keirle, P.; Tilliette, Z.; Vrillon, B.

1989-01-01

A Cooperative program between the French Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and the Commissariat a l'Engergie Atomique (CEA) was initiated in 1983, to investigate the possible development of 20 to 200 kWe space nuclear power systems to be launched by the next version of the European launcher, Ariane V. After completion in 1986 of preliminary conceptual studies of a reference 200 kWe turboelectric power system, an additional 3 year study phase was decided, with the double objective of assessing the potential advantage of nuclear power systems versus solar photovoltaic or dynamic systems in the 20 kWe power range, and comparing various reactor candidate technologies and systems options for 20 kWe space nuclear power systems, likely to meet the projected energy needs of future European space missions. The results of this study are discussed by the authors

Some recent studies on the main threats from the outside and safety recommendations adapted to the European situation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Doury, A.; Barbreau, A.; Gerard, R.

1975-01-01

With a view to the formulation of safety recommendations accounting for any factors peculiar to the European situation in the matter of nuclear plant sites, the Nuclear Safety Department of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique is conducting a special research programme of a mainly meteorological and seismological nature. The most important of the studies now in progress concern the external threats or restrictions to which the plants may be subjected because of the site itself or its environment. The possible outside dangers to be taken most seriously in Europe are probably explosions of gas layers from the industrial environment, and severe earthquakes. The main features of recent or current research on these two kinds of threat are outlined, with an indication of the chief practical results already obtained or anticipated in the matter of safety improvement [fr

Hardening Azure applications

CERN Document Server

Gaurav, Suraj

2015-01-01

Learn what it takes to build large scale, mission critical applications -hardened applications- on the Azure cloud platform. This 208 page book covers the techniques and engineering principles that every architect and developer needs to know to harden their Azure/.NET applications to ensure maximum reliability and high availability when deployed at scale. While the techniques are implemented in .NET and optimized for Azure, the principles here will also be valuable for users of other cloud-based development platforms. Applications come in a variety of forms, from simple apps that can be bui

Criteria for Social Applications

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Atzenbeck, Claus; Tzagarakis, Manolis

2007-01-01

Social networks are becoming increasingly important for a wide number of applications. This is in particular true in the context of the Web 2.0 movement where a number of Web-based applications emerged - termed social networking applications or services - that allow the articulation of social...... relationships between individuals thus creating social networks. Although Web 2.0 applications are a popular and characteristic class of such applications they are not the only representatives that permit such functionality. Applications in the Personal Information Management domain exhibit similar...... characteristics but have never been mentioned in the context of social networking. The increasing number and diversity of such applications makes their study, analysis and evaluation from a systems point of view critical and important as their study may help identify relationships that are useful when attempting...

User Types in Online Applications

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ion IVAN

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Online applications are presented in the context of information society. Online applications characteristics are analyzed. Quality characteristics are presented in relation to online applications users. Types of users for AVIO application are presented. Use cases for AVIO application are identified. The limitations of AVIO application are defined. Types of users in online applications are identified. The threedimensional matrix of access to the online application resources is built. The user type-oriented database is structured. Access management of the fields related to the database tables is analyzed. The classification of online applications users is done.

Microwave power engineering applications

CERN Document Server

Okress, Ernest C

2013-01-01

Microwave Power Engineering, Volume 2: Applications introduces the electronics technology of microwave power and its applications. This technology emphasizes microwave electronics for direct power utilization and transmission purposes. This volume presents the accomplishments with respect to components, systems, and applications and their prevailing limitations in the light of knowledge of the microwave power technology. The applications discussed include the microwave heating and other processes of materials, which utilize the magnetron predominantly. Other applications include microwave ioni

Wapice News Mobile Application

OpenAIRE

Söylemez, Ilke

2017-01-01

Since the mobile phones started to have an increasingly significant role in daily life, the mobile application development also started to be an important area in the software industry. The problem for mobile application developers is to develop a mobile application which supports all the devices and platforms on the market. This issue created a need for cross platform mobile applications. The cross platform mobile development refers to the development of mobile applications that could be use...

Sight Application Analysis Tool

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bronevetsky, G. [Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

2014-09-17

The scale and complexity of scientific applications makes it very difficult to optimize, debug and extend them to support new capabilities. We have developed a tool that supports developers’ efforts to understand the logical flow of their applications and interactions between application components and hardware in a way that scales with application complexity and parallelism.

SIMS applications workshop. Proceedings

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-04-01

The first ANSTO/AINSE SIMS Workshop drew together a mixture of Surface Analysis experts and Surface Analysis users with the concept that SIMS analysis has to be enfolded within the spectrum of surface analysis techniques and that the user should select the technique most applicable to the problem. With this concept in mind the program was structured as sessions on SIMS Facilities; Applications to Mineral Surfaces; Applications to Biological Systems, Applications to Surfaces as Semi- conductors, Catalysts and Surface Coatings; and Applications to Ceramics

The creation of a uranium oxide industry, from the laboratory stage to a pilot plant (1961); Creation d'une industrie de l'oxyde d'uranium du laboratoire a l'usine pilote (1961)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Caillat, R.; Delange, M.; Sauteron, J. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires; Hauser, R. [Compagnie Industrielle des Combustibles atomiques frittes (France)

1961-07-01

The qualities of uranium oxide, in particular its good in-pile characteristics and its resistance to corrosion by the usual heat-exchange fluids, have led to this material being chose at the present time as a nuclear fuel in many power reactors, either planned or under construction. A great effort has been made these last few years in France in studying processes for transforming powdered uranium oxide into a dense material with satisfactory behaviour in a neutron flux. The laboratories at Saclay have studied the physico-chemical features of the phenomena accompanying the calcination of uranium peroxide or ammonium uranate to give uranium trioxide, and the subsequent reduction of the latter to dioxide as well as the sintering of the powders obtained. This work has made it possible on one hand to prepare powder of known specific surface area, and on the other to show the overriding influence of this factor, all other things being equal, on the behaviour of powders during sintering in a hydrogen atmosphere. The work has led to defining two methods for sintering stoichiometric uranium oxide of high density. The technological study of the preparation of the powder and its industrial production are carried out at the plant of Le Bouchet which produces at the moment powders of known characteristics suitable for sintering in hydrogen at 1650 deg. C without prior grinding. The industrial sintering is carried out by the Compagnie industrielle des Combustibles Atomiques Frittes who has set up a pilot plant having a capacity of 25 metric tons/year, for the Commissariat l'Energie Atomique and has been operating this plant since May 1958. This plant is presented by a film entitled 'uranium oxide'. (author) [French] Les qualites de l'oxyde d'uranium, en particulier son bon comportement en pile et sa resistance a la corrosion par les fluides caloporteurs habituels, font choisir aujourd'hui ce materiau comme combustible de nombreux reacteurs de

The creation of a uranium oxide industry, from the laboratory stage to a pilot plant (1961); Creation d'une industrie de l'oxyde d'uranium du laboratoire a l'usine pilote (1961)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Caillat, R; Delange, M; Sauteron, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires; Hauser, R [Compagnie Industrielle des Combustibles atomiques frittes (France)

1961-07-01

The qualities of uranium oxide, in particular its good in-pile characteristics and its resistance to corrosion by the usual heat-exchange fluids, have led to this material being chose at the present time as a nuclear fuel in many power reactors, either planned or under construction. A great effort has been made these last few years in France in studying processes for transforming powdered uranium oxide into a dense material with satisfactory behaviour in a neutron flux. The laboratories at Saclay have studied the physico-chemical features of the phenomena accompanying the calcination of uranium peroxide or ammonium uranate to give uranium trioxide, and the subsequent reduction of the latter to dioxide as well as the sintering of the powders obtained. This work has made it possible on one hand to prepare powder of known specific surface area, and on the other to show the overriding influence of this factor, all other things being equal, on the behaviour of powders during sintering in a hydrogen atmosphere. The work has led to defining two methods for sintering stoichiometric uranium oxide of high density. The technological study of the preparation of the powder and its industrial production are carried out at the plant of Le Bouchet which produces at the moment powders of known characteristics suitable for sintering in hydrogen at 1650 deg. C without prior grinding. The industrial sintering is carried out by the Compagnie industrielle des Combustibles Atomiques Frittes who has set up a pilot plant having a capacity of 25 metric tons/year, for the Commissariat l'Energie Atomique and has been operating this plant since May 1958. This plant is presented by a film entitled 'uranium oxide'. (author) [French] Les qualites de l'oxyde d'uranium, en particulier son bon comportement en pile et sa resistance a la corrosion par les fluides caloporteurs habituels, font choisir aujourd'hui ce materiau comme combustible de nombreux reacteurs de puissance en construction ou en

Development and Application of Microfabricated Chemical Gas Sensors For Aerospace Applications

Science.gov (United States)

Hunter, G. W.; Neudeck, P. G.; Fralick, G.; Thomas, V.; Liu, C. C.; Wu, Q. H.; Sawayda, M. S.; Jin, A.; Hammond, J.; Makel, D.;

Application Portable Parallel Library

Science.gov (United States)

Cole, Gary L.; Blech, Richard A.; Quealy, Angela; Townsend, Scott

1995-01-01

Application Portable Parallel Library (APPL) computer program is subroutine-based message-passing software library intended to provide consistent interface to variety of multiprocessor computers on market today. Minimizes effort needed to move application program from one computer to another. User develops application program once and then easily moves application program from parallel computer on which created to another parallel computer. ("Parallel computer" also include heterogeneous collection of networked computers). Written in C language with one FORTRAN 77 subroutine for UNIX-based computers and callable from application programs written in C language or FORTRAN 77.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound and transient arterial occlusion for quantification of arterial perfusion reserve in peripheral arterial disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amarteifio, E.; Wormsbecher, S.; Krix, M.; Demirel, S.; Braun, S.; Delorme, S.; Böckler, D.; Kauczor, H.-U.; Weber, M.-A.

2012-01-01

Objective: To quantify muscular micro-perfusion and arterial perfusion reserve in peripheral arterial disease (PAD) with dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and transient arterial occlusion. Materials and methods: This study had local institutional review board approval and written informed consent was obtained from all subjects. We examined the dominant lower leg of 40 PAD Fontaine stage IIb patients (mean age, 65 years) and 40 healthy volunteers (mean age, 54 years) with CEUS (7 MHz; MI, 0.28) during continuous intravenous infusion of 4.8 mL microbubbles. Transient arterial occlusion at mid-thigh level simulated physical exercise. With time–CEUS–intensity curves obtained from regions of interest within calf muscles, we derived the maximum CEUS signal after occlusion (max) and its time (t max ), slope to maximum (m), vascular response after occlusion (AUC post ), and analysed accuracy, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and correlations with ankle-brachial index (ABI) and walking distance. Results: All parameters differed in PAD and volunteers (p max was delayed (31.2 ± 13.6 vs. 16.7 ± 8.5 s, p post as optimal parameter combination for diagnosing PAD and therefore impaired arterial perfusion reserve. Conclusions: Dynamic CEUS with transient arterial occlusion quantifies muscular micro-perfusion and arterial perfusion reserve. The technique is accurate to diagnose PAD.

Conference on grid integration of renewable energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fontaine, Pierre; Goeke, Berthold; Mignon, Herve; Brakelmann, Heinrich; Huebner, Gundula; Tanja Schmedes; Remy Garaude Verdier; Pierre-Guy Therond; Werner Diwald

2012-01-01

The French-German office for Renewable energies (OFAEnR) organised a conference on grid integration of renewable energies. In the framework of this French-German exchange of experience, about a hundred of participants exchanged views on the similarities and differences between the French and German approaches of renewable energies integration to grids. This document brings together the available presentations (slides) made during this event: 1 - Power grid development - Policy and challenges (Pierre Fontaine); 2 - Grid Development: German Strategy (Berthold Goeke); 3 - Power grids development: situational analysis (Herve Mignon); 4 - Traditional Power Lines, Partial Underground Cabling and HVDC lines: Costs, Benefits and Acceptance (Heinrich Brakelmann); 5 - Transmission Lines - Local Acceptance (Gundula Huebner); 6 - eTelligence- energy meets Intelligence: experience feedback from the grid operator EWe on smart grids and the integration of renewable energies (Tanja Schmedes); 7 - Nice Grid, The French Smart Grid Project within Grid4eU (Remy Garaude Verdier); 8 - Economical Analysis Of energy Storage For Renewable energy Farms - experience of EDF en on the basis of 3 call for tender issued by the French Government in 01/2010, 11/2010, and 09/2011: what conditions for a real deployment (Pierre-Guy Therond); 9 - Hydrogen as a renewable energies storage mean (Werner Diwald)

“…We do not know, who are they, where are they from and what are their aims”. The Mongol Expansion in the Light of Published Latin Sources

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

F.N. Veselov

2017-03-01

Full Text Available This article is primarily dedicated to the monograph of R. Hautala “From ‘David, King of the Indies’ to ‘Detestable Plebs of Satan’: An Anthology of Early Latin Information about the Tatar-Mongols”. One can find that this anthology is the most complete collection of Latin sources, which were created before the Mongol invasion of the European states and concerning the Mongols, their genesis and aims of the Western campaign. The authors state that the mentioned study includes not only the high-level presentation of handwritten artifacts, but extensive research, providing a number of original and decisive conclusions as well. On the other hand, the authors of the paper mention complexes of sources, which could provide more detailed image of diplomatic relations between European monarchs and heads of the Mongol armies, Christian interpretations of threating and unknown enemy who unexpectedly appeared on the boarders of Catholic world. Particularly, the authors point on the fragment from Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, which could be described not only as a source on the Russian-Mongol battle, as well as on the sources on diplomatic relations between the Holy Roman Empire and Mongol rulers, Russian sources that had own impact on the European scholars’ eschatological interpretations of the Tatar invasion.

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: contribution of different electrocardiographic techniques.

Science.gov (United States)

Moreira, Davide; Delgado, Anne; Marmelo, Bruno; Correia, Emanuel; Gama, Pedro; Pipa, João; Nunes, Luís; Santos, Oliveira

2014-04-01

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, also known as arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, is a condition in which myocardium is replaced by fibrous or fibrofatty tissue, predominantly in the right ventricle. It is clinically characterized by potentially lethal ventricular arrhythmias, and is a leading cause of sudden cardiac death. Its prevalence is not known exactly but is estimated at approximately 1:5000 in the adult population. Diagnosis can be on the basis of structural and functional alterations of the right ventricle, electrocardiographic abnormalities (including depolarization and repolarization alterations and ventricular arrhythmias) and family history. Diagnostic criteria facilitate the recognition and interpretation of non-specific clinical features of this disease. The authors present a case in which the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy was prompted by the suspicion of right ventricular disease on transthoracic echocardiography. This was confirmed by detection of epsilon waves on analysis of the ECG, which generally go unnoticed but in this case were the key to the diagnosis. Their presence was also shown by non-conventional ECG techniques such as modified Fontaine ECG. The course of the disease culminated in the occurrence of ventricular tachycardia, which prompted placement of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Copyright © 2013 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Published by Elsevier España. All rights reserved.

Primary stent placement for recanalization of iliac artery occlusions: Using a self-expanding spiral stent

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Jae-Kyu; Kim, Yun-Hyeon; Chung, Sang-Yeung; Kang, Heoung-Keun

1999-01-01

Purpose: To report the clinical results for recanalizations of an occluded iliac artery by a self-expanding spiral stent.Methods: We attempted to recanalize 36 iliac artery occlusions in 34 patients [33 men, 1 woman, aged 51-75 years (average 61.6 years)]. The average lesion length was 6.92 cm (range 1-14 cm). The patients's chief complaints were intermittent claudication and resting pain. Fontaine classification was assigned before and after the procedure. Technical and clinical success were also analyzed.Results: Forty-five stents were successfully deployed in 34 patients. All 36 lesions (13 in the external iliac artery, 12 in the common iliac artery, and 11 in both) were patently recanalized on angiography. The follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 36 months (mean 11.9 months). Fourteen stents (39%) with incomplete expansion were dilated with a balloon catheter. Good technical (100%) and clinical (94%) results were obtained. The only complication was one hematoma at the puncture site. Reocclusions were noted in two lesions (5%) at 1 week and 15 months, respectively.Conclusion: A self-expanding spiral stent is a safe and effective device for recanalization of an iliac artery occlusion as the primary stent without any previous intervention.

A novel system for commissioning brachytherapy applicators: example of a ring applicator

Science.gov (United States)

Fonseca, Gabriel P.; Van den Bosch, Michiel R.; Voncken, Robert; Podesta, Mark; Verhaegen, Frank

2017-11-01

A novel system was developed to improve commissioning and quality assurance of brachytherapy applicators used in high dose rate (HDR). It employs an imaging panel to create reference images and to measure dwell times and dwell positions. As an example: two ring applicators of the same model were evaluated. An applicator was placed on the surface of an imaging panel and a HDR 192Ir source was positioned in an imaging channel above the panel to generate an image of the applicator, using the gamma photons of the brachytherapy source. The applicator projection image was overlaid with the images acquired by capturing the gamma photons emitted by the source dwelling inside the applicator. We verified 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 cm interdwell distances for different offsets, applicator inclinations and transfer tube curvatures. The data analysis was performed using in-house developed software capable of processing the data in real time, defining catheters and creating movies recording the irradiation procedure. One applicator showed up to 0.3 cm difference from the expected position for a specific dwell position. The problem appeared intermittently. The standard deviations of the remaining dwell positions (40 measurements) were less than 0.05 cm. The second ring applicator had a similar reproducibility with absolute coordinate differences from expected values ranging from  -0.10 up to 0.18 cm. The curvature of the transfer tube can lead to differences larger than 0.1 cm whilst the inclination of the applicator showed a negligible effect. The proposed method allows the verification of all steps of the irradiation, providing accurate information about dwell positions and dwell times. It allows the verification of small interdwell positions (⩽0.1 cm) and reduces measurement time. In addition, no additional radiation source is necessary since the HDR 192Ir source is used to generate an image of the applicator.

Learning Android application testing

CERN Document Server

Blundell, Paul

2015-01-01

If you are an Android developer looking to test your applications or optimize your application development process, then this book is for you. No previous experience in application testing is required.

E-recruitment: a study into applicant perceptions of an online application system

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sylva, H.; Mol, S.T.

2009-01-01

Little is known about applicant reactions to web-based recruitment and selection procedures. This study examines applicant perceptions of web-based procedures, based on a field study among 1360 applicants to a multinational financial services organization applying for jobs in the United Kingdom, the

77 FR 26507 - Application(s) for Duty-Free Entry of Scientific Instruments

Science.gov (United States)

2012-05-04

... States. Application accepted by Commissioner of Customs: March 29, 2012. Docket Number: 12-018. Applicant... general category manufactured in the United States. Application accepted by Commissioner of Customs: March...: The instrument will be used to investigate the genes and proteins that underlie normal and pathologic...

Galileo Timing Applications

Science.gov (United States)

2007-11-01

public bodies like university and research institutes. The user community analysis also includes a market analysis performed by a specialized company to... companies and public institutions (e.g., universities, research laboratories) that work in several different application domains in order to virtually...Summary of application domains for the use of time in cryptography. B2G B2B B2C Applications Military waypoints, judicial reports, construction

Promise Zones for Applicants

Data.gov (United States)

Department of Housing and Urban Development — This tool assists applicants to HUD's Promise Zone initiative prepare data to submit with their application by allowing applicants to draw the exact location of the...

Developing iPhone application

OpenAIRE

Nebo, Charles

2015-01-01

IPhone application popularity and demand are continuously on the increase since 2008 when Apple launched iPhone. Consequently, many applications are built targeting different user needs. But developing iPhone applications do have challenges. This research study explores current development study for developing iPhone application where the development environment and technologies are problematic. This paper intends to review some software development methodologies, methods, and techniques for ...

Shutdown channels and fitted interlocks in atomic reactors; Chaines de securite et verrouillages installes sur les piles atomiques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Furet, J; Landauer, C [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1968-07-01

This catalogue consists of tables (one per reactor) giving the following information: number and type of detectors, range of the shutdown channels, nature of the associated electronics, thresholds setting off the alarms, fitted interlocks. These cards have been drawn up with a view to an examination of the reactors safety by the 'Reactor Safety Sub-Commission', they take into account the latest decisions. The reactors involved in this review are: Azur, Cabri, Castor-Pollux, Cesar-Marius-2, Edf-2, EL3, EL4, Eole, G1, G2-G3, Harmonie, Isis, Masurca, Melusine, Minerve, Osiris, Pegase, Peggy, PAT, Rapsodie, SENA, Siloe, Siloette, Triton-Nereide, and Ulysse. (authors) [French] Ce catalogue est compose d'un ensemble de tableaux (a raison de un tableau par pile) donnant les renseignements suivants: nombre et nature des detecteurs, dynamique des chaines, nature de l'electronique associee, seuils provoquant des actions de securite, verrouillages installes. Ces fiches ont ete etablies en vue de l'examen de la securite des piles par la 'Sous-Commission de Surete des Piles', et tiennent compte des decisions de celle-ci. Les reacteurs concernes sont: Azur, Cabri, Cator-Pollux, Cesar-Marius-2, Edf-2, EL3, EL4, Eole, G1, G2-G3, Harmonie, Isis, Masurca, Melusine, Minerve, Osiris, Pegase, Peggy, PAT, Rapsodie, SENA, Siloe, Siloette, Triton-Nereide, et Ulysse. (auteurs)

Technology of the sup(99m)Tc generator, Elumatic III made by Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, France

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Le Bris, H.; Pasqualini, R.; Reboul, J.

1982-01-01

The article describes the choices leading to the development of an ''integrated'' 99 Mo-sup(99m)Tc generator meeting the following requirements: (a) total activity eluted in a volume of 5 ml; (b) adequate radioprotection both for the user and the manufacturer; (c) injectable eluate. (author)

49 CFR 365.503 - Application.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Application. 365.503 Section 365.503... APPLICATIONS FOR OPERATING AUTHORITY Special Rules for Certain Mexico-domiciled Carriers § 365.503 Application. (a) Each applicant applying under this subpart must submit an application that consists of: (1) Form...

Physical validation issue of the NEPTUNE two-phase modelling: validation plan to be adopted, experimental programs to be set up and associated instrumentation techniques developed

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pierre Peturaud; Eric Hervieu

2005-01-01

Full text of publication follows: A long-term joint development program for the next generation of nuclear reactors simulation tools has been launched in 2001 by EDF (Electricite de France) and CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique). The NEPTUNE Project constitutes the Thermal-Hydraulics part of this comprehensive program. Along with the underway development of this new two-phase flow software platform, the physical validation of the involved modelling is a crucial issue, whatever the modelling scale is, and the present paper deals with this issue. After a brief recall about the NEPTUNE platform, the general validation strategy to be adopted is first of all clarified by means of three major features: (i) physical validation in close connection with the concerned industrial applications, (ii) involving (as far as possible) a two-step process successively focusing on dominant separate models and assessing the whole modelling capability, (iii) thanks to the use of relevant data with respect to the validation aims. Based on this general validation process, a four-step generic work approach has been defined; it includes: (i) a thorough analysis of the concerned industrial applications to identify the key physical phenomena involved and associated dominant basic models, (ii) an assessment of these models against the available validation pieces of information, to specify the additional validation needs and define dedicated validation plans, (iii) an inventory and assessment of existing validation data (with respect to the requirements specified in the previous task) to identify the actual needs for new validation data, (iv) the specification of the new experimental programs to be set up to provide the needed new data. This work approach has been applied to the NEPTUNE software, focusing on 8 high priority industrial applications, and it has resulted in the definition of (i) the validation plan and experimental programs to be set up for the open medium 3D modelling

Android Applications Security

OpenAIRE

Paul POCATILU

2011-01-01

The use of smartphones worldwide is growing very fast and also the malicious attacks have increased. The mobile security applications development keeps the pace with this trend. The paper presents the vulnerabilities of mobile applications. The Android applications and devices are analyzed through the security perspective. The usage of restricted API is also presented. The paper also focuses on how users can prevent these malicious attacks and propose some prevention measures, including the a...

Application Layer Multicast

Science.gov (United States)

Allani, Mouna; Garbinato, Benoît; Pedone, Fernando

An increasing number of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Internet applications rely today on data dissemination as their cornerstone, e.g., audio or video streaming, multi-party games. These applications typically depend on some support for multicast communication, where peers interested in a given data stream can join a corresponding multicast group. As a consequence, the efficiency, scalability, and reliability guarantees of these applications are tightly coupled with that of the underlying multicast mechanism.

Quality attributes for mobile applications

OpenAIRE

Fernandes, João M.; Ferreira, André Leite

2016-01-01

A mobile application is a type of software application developed to run on a mobile device. The chapter discusses the main characteristics of mobile devices, since they have a great impact on mobile applications. It also presents the classification of mobile applications according to two main types: native and web-based applications. Finally, this chapter identifies the most relevant types of quality attributes for mobile applications. It shows that the relevant quality attributes for mobile ...

Report of Activity - 1997

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hammer, Philippe

1999-01-01

The Report of Activity on 1997 published by Waste Management Division (Direction chargee de la Gestion des Dechets) of French Atomic Energy Authority (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) presents the current activity in the framework of CEA Recovery Plan for Civil Centers initiated in 1991, aiming at managing all the radioactive problems issued from its Research and Development Activities. This plan covers three principal directions: management of radioactive wastes resulting from CEA research activities, reprocessing or storing the spent or un-used fuel resulting from research or prototype reactors, recovery measures and dismantling of nuclear facilities. In the field of radioactive waste management important projects, assuring the waste processing equipment, were developed in 1997 at Saclay (STELLA Installation), Cadarache (AGATE Installation) and Marcoule (ATENA Installation). The Radioactive Waste Storage TFA was put into operation at Cadarache. In the field of out-of-use fuel, in 1997 the fuel reprocessing units CARAMEL and UNGG were finished while as temporary storage for fuels waiting to be processed the CASCAD facility at Cadarache was assigned. Finally, concerning the recovery/dismantling activities, priority was granted to recover: the Radiochemical Lab. at Fontenay, the pilot workshop and UP1 plant of COGEMA at Marcoule, the EL4 reactor (in a joint action with EDF), and the AT1 pilot workshop at Cherbourg. The report is structured on five chapters with the following content: 1. The radioactive wastes; 2. The out-of-use fuels; 3. The dismantling of the definitively stopped installations; 4. The waste management at DAM (Direction des Applications Militaires); 5. Recovery activities at Marcoule

Contribution to the measurement of the reflection coefficient for curved crystals between 50 and 80 keV; Contribution a la mesure du coefficient de reflexion de cristaux courbes entre 50 keV et 80 keV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chartier, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1968-09-01

In the first part, we summarize the main approximate theories dealing with the diffraction of electromagnetic radiation by the crystalline medium, allowing the determination of the characteristic properties of flat and bent crystals used in X and gamma-Ray spectroscopy ('Laue Case'). We describe the experimental setting and we explain our method to measure {gamma}: reflectivity of elastically or plastically bent-crystals from narrow wave-length intervals in the continuous X-Ray spectrum. We discuss our experimental results obtained with different crystals (quartz (3140), Al (200), FLi (200) and compare them with theoretical ones. Finally, we refer to a use of the bent-crystal spectrometer (Cauchois arrangement) in dosimetry. (author) [French] Dans la premiere partie, nous resumons les principales approximations theoriques qui traitent la diffraction du rayonnement electromagnetique par le milieu cristallin et permettent de determiner les grandeurs caracteristiques des lames cristallines planes ou courbees utilisees 'par transmission' en spectroscopie X ou gamma. Apres avoir decrit le montage experimental, nous exposons la methode de mesure de {gamma}: coefficient de reflexion de cristaux courbes (elastiquement ou plastiquement). Le domaine energetique etudie est voisin de 100 keV. Dans cette methode, nous n'utilisons pas des rayonnements monoenergetiques provenant de transitions atomiques ou nucleaires mais des bandes etroites d'energie appartenant au spectre continu du rayonnement emis par un tube a rayons X. Les resultats experimentaux obtenus avec differents cristaux (quartz (3140), Al (200), FLi (200)) sont discutes et compares a ceux prevus par la theorie. Nous mentionnons, enfin, une application en dosimetrie du spectrographe a cristal couche (Geometrie Cauchois). (auteur)

OCT for industrial applications

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Guiju; Harding, Kevin

2012-11-01

Optical coherence tomography (OCT), as an interferometric method, has been studied as a distance ranger. As a technology capable of producing high-resolution, depth-resolved images of biological tissue, OCT had been widely used for the application of ophthalmology and has been commercialized in the market today. Enlightened by the emerging research interest in biomedical domain, the applications of OCT in industrial inspection were rejuvenated by a few groups to explore its potential for characterizing new materials, imaging or inspecting industrial parts as a service solution[3]. Benefiting from novel photonics components and devices, the industrial application of the older concepts in OCT can be re-visited with respect to the unique performance and availability. Commercial OCT developers such as Michelson Diagnostics (MDL; Orpington, U.K.) and Thorlabs (Newton, NJ) are actively exploring the application of OCT to industrial applications and they have outlined meaningful path toward the metrology application in emerging industry[3]. In this chapter, we will introduce the fundamental concepts of OCT and discuss its current and potential industrial applications.

The fusion applications study - FAME

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schultz, K.R.; Engholm, B.A.; Bourque, R.F.; Cheng, E.T.; Schaffer, M.J.; Wong, C.P.C.

1986-01-01

The Fusion Applications and Market Evaluation (''FAME'') study, being conducted by GA Technologies for Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and US Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy, (US DOE) is described. This two-year program has a FY86 objective of Evaluating Alternative Applications of Fusion, and a FY87 goal of Exploring Innovative Applications. Applications are being reviewed and categorized into Baseline, Nuclear, Chemical, Electromagnetic, and Thermal application categories. The ''traditional'' applications of electricity generation, fissile fuel and tritium production, and hydrogen production continue to look attractive. Particularly promising new applications to date, with potential for near-term markets, are isotope production and radiation processing, especially when allied with the traditional application of electricity production. The economics of separate applications as well as coproduction are discussed. The combination of electricity and /sup 60/Co production appears to be one of the most attractive

Review of the desalinated water market in France for small units; Apercu sur le marche de l'eau dessalee en France pour de petites unites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dutheil, F; Malissen, M [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1969-07-01

On the initiative of and in close collaboration with the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, the Societe pour la Conversion et le Developpement Industriel (SODIC) has carried out a very general study of the coastal regions of France in which the short, medium and long-term prospects of the demand for water, and the cost of the necessary supplies, could possibly make desalination units of 3 000 to 10 000 m3/day competitive. So far this general enquiry, which went into detail on some particular aspects, has not revealed any very clear possibilities in this respect, except in the case of the small islands, and of units of much lower capacity, as well as that of large units on the coast, which would benefit from the size effect. However the probable difference between the cost of desalinated water and the high selling price already applying in a small number of coastal regions is relatively small. It might therefore be worthwhile and relatively inexpensive to install an experimental desalination unit in the near future. (author) [French] A l'initiative du Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et en etroite liaison avec lui, la Societe pour la Conversion et le Developpement Industriel (SODIC) a effectue une etude tres generale des zones cotieres francaises dans lesquelles les perspectives de la demande d'eau a court, moyen et long terme et le cout des approvisionnements necessaires, pourraient eventuellement faire apparaitre comme competitives des unites de dessalement de 3 a 10 000 m{sup 3}/jour. Jusqu'ici, cette enquete generale, d'ailleurs approfondie sur quelques points particuliers, n'a pas fait apparaitre de possibilites tres nettes a cet egard. Le cas des petites iles, et pour des unites de bien plus faible capacite, demeure reserve ainsi que, sur les zones cotieres, celui de grandes unites qui beneficieraient de l'effet de taille. Toutefois, l'ecart probable entre le cout de l'eau dessalee et le prix de vente eleve deja observe dans un petit nombre de zones cotieres

Corrosion by cooling gases in nuclear reactors; la corrosion par les gaz caloporteurs dans les reacteurs nucleaires

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Darras, R. [Commissariat a l' energie atomique et aux energies alternatives - CEA, Centre de Saclay, Section d' etude de la corrosion par gaz et metaux liquides (France)

1960-07-01

This article begins with a review of the various materials which can be used and the cooling gases in which they may be heated, emphasis being placed on the importance of reaching temperatures as high as possible. This is followed by a few general remarks on the dry oxidation of metals and alloys, particularly with regard to diffusion phenomena and their various possible mechanisms, and also the methods of investigation employed. Finally, the behaviour of the chief nuclear materials heated in the various gases is studied successively. Materials used for fuel (metallic uranium, uranium oxide, carbides and silicides), canning materials (magnesium, aluminium, zirconium, beryllium, stainless and refractory steels), structural materials (ordinary or slightly alloyed steels), and finally moderators (graphite, beryllium oxide) are deal with in this way. This account is backed up both by the results obtained at the CEA and by work published outside or abroad up to the present day. In conclusion, every effort has been made to direct future research on the basis of the foregoing. Reprint of a paper published in Industries Atomiques - no. 9/10, 1959, p. 3-23 [French] Dans cet article, on passe tout d'abord en revue les divers materiaux utilisables et les gaz de refroidissement dans lesquels ils peuvent etre chauffes, en insistant sur l'interet d'atteindre des temperatures aussi elevees que possible. On rappelle ensuite quelques generalites sur l'oxydation seche des metaux et alliages, notamment en ce qui concerne les phenomenes de diffusion et leurs divers mecanismes possibles ainsi que les methodes d'etude. Enfin, le comportement des principaux materiaux nucleaires chauffes dans les divers gaz est etudie successivement. On traita ainsi des materiaux combustibles (uranium metallique, oxyde, carbures et siliciures d'uranium), des materiaux de gainage (magnesium, aluminium, zirconium, beryllium, aciers inoxydables et refractaires), des materiaux de structure (aciers ordinaires

Determination, through titration with NO, of the concentration of oxygen atoms in the flowing afterglow of Ar-O2 and N2-O2 plasmas used for sterilization purposes

Science.gov (United States)

Ricard, A.; Moisan, M.; Moreau, S.

2001-04-01

Les méthodes existantes de titrage de N et O d'une post-décharge au moyen de l'intensité d'émission de la molécule NO excitée ne permettant pas d'aller au-delà de x = 5% dans un mélange xO2-(100%-x)N2, nous présentons une démarche valable pour x≤20%. Cette technique est fondée sur la mesure de l'intensité d'émission de NO2(A), en fonction du débit de NO introduit, en relation avec une dérivation analytique des équations des concentrations [N] et [O]. La concentration d'oxygène atomique obtenue par cette méthode est validée de façon indépendante à partir de la mesure du rapport des intensités d'émission de NO(B) et de N2(B, 11) (celle-ci détectable pour x≤8%). Enfin, la méthode proposée est mise en oeuvre pour apprécier l'influence de la valeur de la concentration d'oxygène atomique sur le temps de stérilisation dans une post-décharge en flux à partir d'un plasma de N2-O2. \\engabstract Existing titration methods of N and O in an afterglow based on the emission intensity of the excited NO molecule cannot be used at x values exceeding 5% in the xO2-(100%-x)N2 mixture. Our technique extends the x range to 20%. It utilizes the emission intensity measurement of NO2(A), as a function of the introduced NO flow, in relation with analytically derived equations for the O and N concentrations. The atomic oxygen concentration obtained in this way is validated independently through measurements of the emission intensity ratio of NO(B) and N2(B, 11) (detectable for x≤8%). Finally, the proposed method is used to assess the influence of the oxygen atom concentration on the sterilization time in the flowing afterglow of an N2-O2 plasma.

14 CFR 431.73 - Continuing accuracy of license application; application for modification of license.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Continuing accuracy of license application; application for modification of license. 431.73 Section 431.73 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE... Conditions § 431.73 Continuing accuracy of license application; application for modification of license. (a...

Fundamentals and applications of neutron imaging. Application part 9. Application of neutron imaging to biological research

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kawabata, Yuji

2007-01-01

For radiography, the use of neutrons as a complement to X-rays is especially suitable for biological research such as plant, wood, and medical application due to the enhanced sensitivity to light elements such as hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen. The present paper introduces applications of neutron CT to the humidity (water) distribution and its variation in the flowering plant as cut carnation, observation of water movement in refrigerated chrysanthemum leaves using very cold neutron and in cut leaves using deuterium oxide and ordinary water, measurement of water movement in sprouting cone and soy bean and growing ginseng in the soil, and other applications as to archaeological wood immersed in a restoration solution and to medical purposes. (S. Ohno)

Applicant Satisfaction Survey

Data.gov (United States)

Office of Personnel Management — The Chief Human Capital Officers developed 3 surveys that asks applicants to assess their satisfaction with the application process on a 1-10 point scale, with 10...

E-commerce Smartphone Application

OpenAIRE

Abdullah Saleh Alqahtani; Robert Goodwin

2012-01-01

Mobile and e-commerce applications are tools for accessing the Internet and for buying products and services. These applications are constantly evolving due to the high rate of technological advances being made. This paper provides a new perspective on the types of applications that can be used. It describes and analyses device requirements, provides a literature review of important aspects of mobile devices that can use such applications and the requirements of websites designed for m-commer...

Technical applications of aerogels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hrubesh, L.W.

1997-01-01

Aerogel materials posses such a wide variety of exceptional properties that a striking number of applications have developed for them. Many of the commercial applications of aerogels such as catalysts, thermal insulation, windows, and particle detectors are still under development and new application as have been publicized since the ISA4 Conference in 1994: e.g.; supercapacitors, insulation for heat storage in automobiles, electrodes for capacitive deionization, etc. More applications are evolving as the scientific and engineering community becomes familiar with the unusual and exceptional physical properties of aerogels, there are also scientific and technical application, as well. This paper discusses a variety of applications under development at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for which several types of aerogels are formed in custom sizes and shapes. Particular discussions will focus on the uses of aerogels for physics experiments which rely on the exceptional, sometimes unique, properties of aerogels

Web application for monitoring mainframe computer, Linux operating systems and application servers

OpenAIRE

Dimnik, Tomaž

2016-01-01

This work presents the idea and the realization of web application for monitoring the operation of the mainframe computer, servers with Linux operating system and application servers. Web application is intended for administrators of these systems, as an aid to better understand the current state, load and operation of the individual components of the server systems.

Photovoltaic applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sidrach, M.

1992-01-01

The most common terrestrial applications of photovoltaic plants are reviewed. Classification of applications can be done considering end-use sectors and load profiles (consumption demand). For those systems with direct coupling the working point is determined by the intersection of the load line with the I-V curve Design guidelines are provided for photovoltaic systems. This lecture focusses on the distribution system and safeguards

TIARA: Toward accelerator R&D coordination

CERN Multimedia

Anaïs Schaeffer

2011-01-01

The preparatory phase of the TIARA (Test Infrastructure and Accelerator Research Area) project has begun. In January, members from 11 research institutes in 8 European countries began a three-year collaboration intended to enhance, improve and structure R&D efforts in the area of accelerator science and technology in Europe.   Partly funded by the European Commission under its Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), the TIARA project is being coordinated by the CEA (Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives). “The aim of the project is to arrive at an organisational structure that will provide coordination for R&D efforts and associated infrastructures in the field of particle accelerators in Europe,” explains the CEA’s Céline Tanguy, project coordinator assistant. “The new structure, which we hope will be a durable one, will be set up at the end of the project’s preparatory phase....

Storage of plugs and experimental devices from reactors; Stockage des bouchons et dispositifs experimentaux en provenance des reacteurs (1961)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cerre, P; Mestre, E [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1961-07-01

- Within the general programme of storage and treatment of radioactive waste produced by the various operations carried out in an atomic center, it is useful to consider separately the problem of certain waste from reactors, which, because of its size and physical nature, has to be stored with a view to being later treated and finally evacuated. The solution which we propose for this storage problem is presented in this paper. (authors) [French] - Dans le cadre du stockage et du conditionnement des dechets radioactifs provenant des diverses manipulations effectuees dans un centre atomique, il y a lieu de considerer a part certains dechets des reacteurs qui, par leur dimension et leur nature physique doivent etre stockes en vue de leur reprise ulterieure pour un conditionnement et une evacuation definitifs. La solution que nous avons apportee a ce stockage fait l'objet de l'expose qui suit. (auteurs)

CEA 2009 annual report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2010-01-01

After an indication of several key figures about the activity of the CEA (Centre d'Etudes Atomiques) and its relationship with the academic as well as the industrial field, in France and worldwide, this 2009 annual report presents its various research programs in the field of defence and of global security: basic research (nuclear weapons and propulsion, struggle against proliferation and terrorism) and applied research (nuclear deterrence, national and international security). Then, it presents the programs in the field of de-carbonated energy: basic research (in material science and in life sciences) and applied research (fission energy, fusion energy, new energy technologies). A last group of research programs deals with information and health technologies and concerns life and material sciences, micro- and nano-technologies, software technologies. Interaction with other research institutions and bodies is also evoked. A brief scientific assessment is proposed. Finally, the different structures building the CEA are presented

R and D developments on the disposal of radioactive wastes recently carried out at CEA (France)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Petit, J.C.

1993-01-01

Since the law of december 31, 1991 voted by the French Parliament, disposal in geological formations is not the sole option considered for the management of radioactive wastes. Scientists and engineers, notably within the 'Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique' (CEA), must investigate in parallel two other options, namely i. advanced separation of long-lived radioisotopes and transmutation, and ii. improvement of radioactive waste matrices and long-term storage. Still, the geological disposal of radioactive wastes, which has generated within the last decade an immense amount of Research and Development, remains a major proposed solution to the long-term management of transuranic and high-level wastes. In this paper, we will describe some of the Research and Development carried out within CEA, avoiding the industrial and engineering aspects of the issues dealt with. Rather, we will illustrate major points of our basic research, underlining in particular methodological considerations

Pre-analysis of Phenix End-of-Life Thermal-hydraulic tests with the MARS-LMR Code

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jeong, Hae Yong; Ha, Kwi Seok; Kwon, Young Min; Chang, Won Pyo; Suk, Su Dong; Lee, Yong Bum

2009-01-01

A prototype SFR, PHENIX has been operated by the French Commissariat a l'energie atomique (CEA) and the Electricite de France (EdF) since 1973. Through the successful operation for 35 years, PHENIX has achieved its original objective to demonstrate a fast breeder reactor technology and also played an important role as an irradiation facility for innovative fuels and materials. Since its first operation, PHENIX has accumulated about 4,300 equivalent full power days (EFPDs) of operational experience and it reached its final shutdown in 2009. Before the decommissioning of PHENIX, the CEA started a PHENIX end-of-life (EOL) test program and opened it for international collaboration to share the valuable information from the test. The KAERI joined this program to utilize the unique opportunity to validate its SFR system analysis code, MARS-LMR which will be a basic tool in future SFR development

International dosimetry experiment on the zero power pile of the Boris Kidric Institute at Vinca (Yugoslavia) (1961)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Weill, J.; Furet, J.; Baillet, J.; Donvez, G.; Duchene, J.; Gras, R.; Mercier, R.; Chenouard, J.; Lecomte, J.

1961-01-01

On the occasion of the international dosimetry experiment on the zero power pile of the Yugoslavian Atomic Energy Centre at Vinca, the Commissariat a l'energie Atomique had agreed to prepare the measurement and security equipment and see to the manipulation of the heavy water, and in addition was responsible for the operation and the starting up of the pile during the experiment. The measurement and security apparatus, developed at Saclay and installed on the pile for low and high pressure runs, is listed, together with the safety equipment added near the control room. The various operations and manipulations carried out on the pile are described: filling with heavy water, starting up, determination of the critical level, testing the efficiency of the rods, operating the pile during the experiments. By operating to a carefully planned schedule, the experiments were, finished before the date fixed by the International Atomic Agency. (authors) [fr

Les accélérateurs de particules : vecteurs de découvertes, moteurs de développement.

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2014-01-01

English version follows Les accélérateurs de particules : vecteurs de découvertes, moteurs de développement. par Dr. Philippe Lebrun Les accélérateurs de particules existent depuis plus d’un siècle comme instruments de recherche fondamentale qui ont permis la découverte des particules élémentaires et leur étude à des échelles toujours plus fines. Épousant les technologies émergentes dont ils ont stimulé les progrès, ils se sont développés de manière exponentielle tout au long du XXe siècle, pour être aujourd’hui les grands outils de la recherche en physique des particules, mais aussi – comme puissantes sources de rayonnements permettant de sonder la matière – en physique atomique et moléculaire, en physique d...

Determination of chorionic gonadotrophin. Comparison of biological, immunological and radioimmunological methods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Munier, M.-P.

1978-07-01

Three types of analysis were used to quantify chorionic gonadotrophic hormone: biological determination (rana-reaction); immunological determination (simplified pregnosticon test of the Organon Teknika laboratories); radioimmunological determination (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique - CEA kits). While the immunochemical technique is specially suited to analysis of the urine, the radioimmunological measurement is carried out on the plasma. This method is extremely sensitive; when traditional biological and immunological methods are used the quantity of CGH detectable is of the order of some hundreds or at best a few tens of international units. The radioimmunological method is a thousand times more sensitive and can therefore measure CGH in amounts of the milli-unit order. Until recently it was not specific enough to differentiate between CGH and LH, but not long ago a β CGH-specific antibody was discovered and it is now possible to detect small amounts of CGH in the presence of LH [fr

An integrated numerical protection system (SPIN)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Savornin, J.L.; Bouchet, J.M.; Furet, J.L.; Jover, P.; Sala, A.

1978-01-01

Developments in technology have now made it possible to perform more sophisticated protection functions which follow more closely the physical phenomena to be monitored. For this reason the Commissariat a l'energie atomique, Merlin-Gerin, Cerci and Framatome have embarked on the joint development of an Integrated Numerical Protection System (SPIN) which will fulfil this objective and will improve the safety and availability of power stations. The system described involves the use of programmed numerical techniques and a structure based on multiprocessors. The architecture has a redundancy of four. Throughout the development of the project the validity of the studies was confirmed by experiments. A first numerical model of a protection function was tested in the laboratory and is now in operation in a power station. A set of models was then introduced for checking the main components of the equipment finally chosen prior to building and testing a prototype. (author)

Reducing the radiotoxicity of PWR cladding hulls by cold-crucible melting

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Berthier, P.; Boen, R.; Piccinato, R.; Ladirat, C.

1994-12-31

PWR cladding wastes from spent fuel reprocessing plants are highly radiotoxic due to the presence of long-lived alpha-emitting nuclides and certain beta-gamma emitters. Various options are now under consideration for disposal of such wastes. The ``Commissariat a l`Energie Atomique`` is now developing a melting process at Marcoule that promises to diminish their radiotoxicity. Work has focused on two complementary research areas: obtaining a high quality metallic containment matrix and achieving maximum decontamination by concentrating the plutonium and minor actinides together with cesium and strontium in the slag. Vitrification represents a short-term solution for the slag; from a longer-term perspective, this waste form is ideally suited for the SPIN programme. This is an indispensable step toward the possible implementation of an advanced waste management strategy involving actinide separation and transmutation to reduce the long-term nuclear waste disposal hazard. (author). 1 ref., 2 figs., 8 tabs.

Synthesis of organic substances labelled with {sup 14}C and {sup 35}S; Syntheses de molecules organiques marquees par le carbone-14 et le soufre-35

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pichat, L [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1958-07-01

After a brief history of the development of the Section des Molecules marquees of the Frenchmic Energy Commission, the author gives an outline of the synthesis of the following labelled compounds: benzene {sup 14}C-6; phenyl-p-fluorophenyl, thienyl-2 {beta} alanines {beta} {sup 14}C; noradrenaline {beta} {sup 14}C (arterenol {beta} {sup 14}C), dotriacontane {sup 14}C-16-17, aminoethane sulfinic acid (hypotaurine {sup 35}S). (author)Fren. [French] Apres un bref historique du developpement de la Section des Molecules marquees du Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique fran is, l'auteur donne un resume des syntheses des composes marques suivants: benzene {sup 14}C-6; phenyl-p-fluorophenyl, thienyl-2 {beta} alamines {beta} {sup 14}C; noradrenaline {beta} {sup 14}C (arterenol {beta} {sup 14}C), dotriacontane {sup 14}C-16-17, acide aminoethane sulfinique (hypotaurine {sup 35}S). (auteur)

HTGR programme in the United States of America

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fox, J.E.

1991-01-01

The HTGR is being developed by the US Department of Energy within the Division of HTGRs is reported. Fuel design, development and demonstration activities are being conducted by General Atomics and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. During FY-1990 the US continued work in cooperative projects with the KFA-Forschungszentrum Juelich and the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute on post irradiation examination of fuel capsules and continued the Fission Product Transport Test Program with the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique in the COMEDIE in-pile loop at the SILOE reactor at Grenoble. Other activities included installation of the high temperature core-conduction-cooldown test furnace at ORNL which will be used for testing of irradiated fuel compacts under accident conditions. Finally, the US fuel performance experts participated in the MHTGR Cost Reduction Study which is a major effort within the US commercial MHTGR program. 1 tab

An intercomparison of the thermoluminescent efficiency of various preparations of lithium fluoride

CERN Document Server

Driscoll, C M H

1977-01-01

Possible alternative sources of supply of lithium fluoride to that used at present in the NRPB automated TLD system dosemeter are being considered on the grounds of economy and quality control. Initial measurements on the thermoluminescent properties and efficiency of various preparations of lithium fluoride are described, including the Harshaw TLD-700 which is currently in use in the automated thermoluminescent dosemeter. Material obtained from British Nuclear Fuels Ltd (which may be an atypical batch) showed 75% of the sensitivity of the Harshaw material, with around 20% fading of the signal after 1 month's storage. French material, obtained from Desmarquest and Carbonisation Entreprise et Ceramique and used by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, showed good fading resistance but, after standard preparational treatments, was only half as sensitive in the thermoluminescent response. Without additional treatments to improve the characteristics of these materials, they cannot be considered as being satisfac...

Risk assessment associated with the transport of low specific activity waste to the Centre de l'Aube disposal facility, France

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Raffestin, D.; Tort, V.; Manen, P.; Schneider, T.; Lombard, J.

1994-01-01

Since 1991, French Low Specific Activity wastes have been stored in the near-surface waste disposal site in the Aube region (CSA). In 1995, the CSA plans to receive approximately 23,000 m 3 of waste from the three major producers, EDF (Electricite de France), COGEMA (COmpagnie GEnerale des MAtieres nucleaires), and the CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique). Four different kinds of package are broadly represented: the 200 l drums to be compacted, the 200 l drums filled with fixed wastes, concrete shells and metallic boxes. As the radiological exposures resulting from waste transport could stem from both incident-free transport and accident situations, two separate studies have been conducted. Using the INTERTRAN code (IAEA software) for accident-free transport, the overall effective collective doses related to the whole transport activity have been calculated and a risk of 0.48 man.Sv per year has been deduced. (author)

Stirling engine application study

Science.gov (United States)

Teagan, W. P.; Cunningham, D.

1983-01-01

A range of potential applications for Stirling engines in the power range from 0.5 to 5000 hp is surveyed. Over one hundred such engine applications are grouped into a small number of classes (10), with the application in each class having a high degree of commonality in technical performance and cost requirements. A review of conventional engines (usually spark ignition or Diesel) was then undertaken to determine the degree to which commercial engine practice now serves the needs of the application classes and to detemine the nature of the competition faced by a new engine system. In each application class the Stirling engine was compared to the conventional engines, assuming that objectives of ongoing Stirling engine development programs are met. This ranking process indicated that Stirling engines showed potential for use in all application classes except very light duty applications (lawn mowers, etc.). However, this potential is contingent on demonstrating much greater operating life and reliability than has been demonstrated to date by developmental Stirling engine systems. This implies that future program initiatives in developing Stirling engine systems should give more emphasis to life and reliability issues than has been the case in ongoing programs.

Mobile food ordering application

OpenAIRE

Yang, Fan

2014-01-01

The purpose of this thesis was to build a food ordering client server application for Tom Yum Thai Oy, which is a Thai restaurant in Vaasa. For the customer, this application provides a view of current food information (category, name, image，price, description etc.) on the website and Android application. The customer can order food from these two platforms. For the administrator in restaurant, this application offers a series of operations to add, update, delete and query the information of ...

Industrial Application of Accelerators

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2017-01-01

At CERN, we are very familiar with large, high energy particle accelerators. However, in the world outside CERN, there are more than 35000 accelerators which are used for applications ranging from treating cancer, through making better electronics to removing harmful micro-organisms from food and water. These are responsible for around $0.5T of commerce each year. Almost all are less than 20 MeV and most use accelerator types that are somewhat different from what is at CERN. These lectures will describe some of the most common applications, some of the newer applications in development and the accelerator technology used for them. It will also show examples of where technology developed for particle physics is now being studied for these applications. Rob Edgecock is a Professor of Accelerator Science, with a particular interest in the medical applications of accelerators. He works jointly for the STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory and the International Institute for Accelerator Applications at the Univer...

Industrial Application of Accelerators

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2017-01-01

At CERN, we are very familiar with large, high energy particle accelerators. However, in the world outside CERN, there are more than 35000 accelerators which are used for applications ranging from treating cancer, through making better electronics to removing harmful micro-organisms from food and water. These are responsible for around $0.5T of commerce each year. Almost all are less than 20 MeV and most use accelerator types that are somewhat different from what is at CERN. These lectures will describe some of the most common applications, some of the newer applications in development and the accelerator technology used for them. It will also show examples of where technology developed for particle physics is now being studied for these applications. Rob Edgecock is a Professor of Accelerator Science, with a particular interest in the medical applications of accelerators. He works jointly for the STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory and the International Institute for Accelerator Applications at the Uni...

Applications of Photocatalytic Disinfection

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joanne Gamage

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Due to the superior ability of photocatalysis to inactivate a wide range of harmful microorganisms, it is being examined as a viable alternative to traditional disinfection methods such as chlorination, which can produce harmful byproducts. Photocatalysis is a versatile and effective process that can be adapted for use in many applications for disinfection in both air and water matrices. Additionally, photocatalytic surfaces are being developed and tested for use in the context of “self-disinfecting” materials. Studies on the photocatalytic technique for disinfection demonstrate this process to have potential for widespread applications in indoor air and environmental health, biological, and medical applications, laboratory and hospital applications, pharmaceutical and food industry, plant protection applications, wastewater and effluents treatment, and drinking water disinfection. Studies on photocatalytic disinfection using a variety of techniques and test organisms are reviewed, with an emphasis on the end-use application of developed technologies and methods.

Android Applications Security

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paul POCATILU

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The use of smartphones worldwide is growing very fast and also the malicious attacks have increased. The mobile security applications development keeps the pace with this trend. The paper presents the vulnerabilities of mobile applications. The Android applications and devices are analyzed through the security perspective. The usage of restricted API is also presented. The paper also focuses on how users can prevent these malicious attacks and propose some prevention measures, including the architecture of a mobile security system for Android devices.

Peaceful uses of atomic energy in Africa. Proceedings of a symposium; Utilisation de l'énergie atomique à des fins pacifiques en Afrique. Compte rendu d'un colloque

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1970-01-15

Among the main aims of the symposium were: (1) To show what has been and is being done in the Member States of the OAU, and to enable the delegates of the various countries to exchange views and experiences; (2) To identify and define the activities which could constitute the future plans for Member States, individually and jointly, as part of their development programs. The symposium itself was part of the continuing Organization of African Unity (OAU) activities aimed at encouraging and sponsoring the wider application of science and technology in the economic, social and political development of its Member States. The OAU already operates scientific bureaus dealing with animal health and development, soils and rural development, and plant health. Its future plans in science and technology include the establishment of Centres of Excellence for the training of personnel and for research and development in scientific disciplines, and the establishment of documentation centres for gathering,- analysing and disseminating scientific information to Member States. Among the main aims of the symposium were: (1) To show what has been and is being done in the Member States of the OAU, and to enable the delegates of the various countries to exchange views and experiences; (2) To identify and define the activities which could constitute the future plans for Member States, individually and jointly, as part of their development programs. This book contains the papers, discussions and recommendations of the symposium. Where work has been published elsewhere, an abstract and a reference to the publication is given. The papers are printed in the language in which they were presented, the discussions are in English, and the recommendations and abstracts are given in both English and French.

14 CFR 414.11 - Application.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Application. 414.11 Section 414.11 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION LICENSING SAFETY APPROVALS Application Procedures § 414.11 Application. (a) The application must...

32 CFR 724.113 - Application.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 5 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Application. 724.113 Section 724.113 National... Definitions § 724.113 Application. In the context of this Manual, a written application to the NDRB for the... must be used for the application. ...

45 CFR 2400.10 - Application.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Application. 2400.10 Section 2400.10 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) JAMES MADISON MEMORIAL FELLOWSHIP FOUNDATION FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS Application § 2400.10 Application. Eligible applicants for fellowships must...

PSO-Ensemble Demo Application

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2004-01-01

Within the framework of the PSO-Ensemble project (FU2101) a demo application has been created. The application use ECMWF ensemble forecasts. Two instances of the application are running; one for Nysted Offshore and one for the total production (except Horns Rev) in the Eltra area. The output...

Applications of ionizing radiations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2014-01-01

Developments in standard applications and brand new nuclear technologies, with high impact on the future of the agriculture, medicine, industry and the environmental preservation. The Radiation Technology Center (CTR) mission is to apply the radiation and radioisotope technologies in Industry, Health, Agriculture, and Environmental Protection, expanding the scientific knowledge, improving human power resources, transferring technology, generating products and offering services for the Brazilian society. The CTR main R and D activities are in consonance with the IPEN Director Plan (2011-2013) and the Applications of Ionizing Radiation Program, with four subprograms: Irradiation of Food and Agricultural Products; Radiation and Radioisotopes Applications in Industry and Environment; Radioactive Sources and Radiation Applications in Human Health; and Radioactive Facilities and Equipment for the Applications of Nuclear Techniques

GPU computing and applications

CERN Document Server

See, Simon

2015-01-01

This book presents a collection of state of the art research on GPU Computing and Application. The major part of this book is selected from the work presented at the 2013 Symposium on GPU Computing and Applications held in Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (Oct 9, 2013). Three major domains of GPU application are covered in the book including (1) Engineering design and simulation; (2) Biomedical Sciences; and (3) Interactive & Digital Media. The book also addresses the fundamental issues in GPU computing with a focus on big data processing. Researchers and developers in GPU Computing and Applications will benefit from this book. Training professionals and educators can also benefit from this book to learn the possible application of GPU technology in various areas.

Applications of ionizing radiations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2014-07-01

Developments in standard applications and brand new nuclear technologies, with high impact on the future of the agriculture, medicine, industry and the environmental preservation. The Radiation Technology Center (CTR) mission is to apply the radiation and radioisotope technologies in Industry, Health, Agriculture, and Environmental Protection, expanding the scientific knowledge, improving human power resources, transferring technology, generating products and offering services for the Brazilian society. The CTR main R and D activities are in consonance with the IPEN Director Plan (2011-2013) and the Applications of Ionizing Radiation Program, with four subprograms: Irradiation of Food and Agricultural Products; Radiation and Radioisotopes Applications in Industry and Environment; Radioactive Sources and Radiation Applications in Human Health; and Radioactive Facilities and Equipment for the Applications of Nuclear Techniques.

14 CFR 413.7 - Application.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Application. 413.7 Section 413.7 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION LICENSING LICENSE APPLICATION PROCEDURES § 413.7 Application. (a) Form. An application must be in...

24 CFR 941.301 - Application.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Application. 941.301 Section 941... PUBLIC HOUSING DEVELOPMENT Application and Proposal § 941.301 Application. If funding is made available for public housing development, HUD will provide information about fund allocation, application...

SAMP: Application Messaging for Desktop and Web Applications

Science.gov (United States)

Taylor, M. B.; Boch, T.; Fay, J.; Fitzpatrick, M.; Paioro, L.

2012-09-01

SAMP, the Simple Application Messaging Protocol, is a technology which allows tools to communicate. It is deployed in a number of desktop astronomy applications including ds9, Aladin, TOPCAT, World Wide Telescope and numerous others, and makes it straightforward for a user to treat a selection of these tools as a loosely-integrated suite, combining the most powerful features of each. It has been widely used within Virtual Observatory contexts, but is equally suitable for non-VO use. Enabling SAMP communication from web-based content has long been desirable. An obvious use case is arranging for a click on a web page link to deliver an image, table or spectrum to a desktop viewer, but more sophisticated two-way interaction with rich internet applications would also be possible. Use from the web however presents some problems related to browser sandboxing. We explain how the SAMP Web Profile, introduced in version 1.3 of the SAMP protocol, addresses these issues, and discuss the resulting security implications.

Application of fibre reinforced plastic sandwich structures for automotive crashworthiness applications

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lukaszewicz, D.; Blok, L.G.; Kratz, J.; Ward, C.; Kassapoglou, C.; Elmarakbi, A.; Araújo, A.L.

2016-01-01

In this work the application of fibre reinforced plastic (FRP) sandwich
structures, with particular focus on aramid fibre tufted sandwiches is being studied for
automotive crashworthiness applications using impact testing and numerical simulation.

Current status of postnatal depression smartphone applications available on application stores: an information quality analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Melvyn Wb; Ho, Roger Cm; Loh, Alvona; Wing, Tracey; Wynne, Olivia; Chan, Sally Wai Chi; Car, Josip; Fung, Daniel Shuen Sheng

2017-11-14

It is the aim of the current research to identify some common functionalities of postnatal application, and to determine the quality of the information content of postnatal depression application using validated scales that have been applied for applications in other specialties. To determine the information quality of the postnatal depression smartphone applications, the two most widely used smartphone application stores, namely Apple iTunes as well as Google Android Play store, were searched between 20May and 31 May. No participants were involved. The inclusion criteria for the application were that it must have been searchable using the keywords 'postnatal', 'pregnancy', 'perinatal', 'postpartum' and 'depression', and must be in English language. The Silberg Scale was used in the assessment of the information quality of the smartphone applications. The information quality score was the primary outcome measure. Our current results highlighted that while there is currently a myriad of applications, only 14 applications are specifically focused on postnatal depression. In addition, the majority of the currently available applications on the store have only disclosed their last date of modification as well as ownership. There remain very limited disclosures about the information of the authors, as well as the references for the information included in the application itself. The average score for the Silberg Scale for the postnatal applications we have analysed is 3.0. There remains a need for healthcare professionals and developers to jointly conceptualise new applications with better information quality and evidence base. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Excimer laser applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fantoni, R.

1988-01-01

This lecture deals with laser induced material photoprocessing, especially concerning those processes which are initiated by u.v. lasers (mostly excimer laser). Advantages of using the u.v. radiation emitted by excimer lasers, both in photophysical and photochemical processes of different materials, are discussed in detail. Applications concerning microelectronics are stressed with respect to other applications in different fields (organic chemistry, medicine). As further applications of excimer lasers, main spectroscopic techniques for ''on line'' diagnostics which employ excimer pumped dye lasers, emitting tunable radiation in the visible and near u.v. are reviewed

14 CFR 372.30 - Application.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Application. 372.30 Section 372.30... REGULATIONS OVERSEAS MILITARY PERSONNEL CHARTERS Operating Authorization § 372.30 Application. (a) Application... Authorities Division, for filing instructions. The application shall be certified by a responsible official of...

23 CFR 625.3 - Application.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Application. 625.3 Section 625.3 Highways FEDERAL... FOR HIGHWAYS § 625.3 Application. (a) Applicable Standards. (1) Design and construction standards for..., policy, or standard specification will govern. (c) Application of FHWA regulations, although cited in...

Mongoose for application development

CERN Document Server

Holmes, Simon

2013-01-01

This book is a mini tutorial full of code examples and strategies to give you plenty of options when building your own applications with MongoDB.This book is ideal for people who want to develop applications on the Node.js stack quickly and efficiently. Prior knowledge of the stack is not essential as the book briefly covers the installation of the core components and builds all aspects of the example application. The focus of the book is on what Mongoose adds to you applications, so experienced Node.js developers will also benefit.

JavaScript Web Applications

CERN Document Server

MacCaw, Alex

2011-01-01

Building rich JavaScript applications that bring a desktop experience to the Web requires moving state from the server to the client side-not a simple task. This hands-on book takes proficient JavaScript developers through all the steps necessary to create state-of-the-art applications, including structure, templating, frameworks, communicating with the server, and many other issues. Throughout the book, you'll work with real-world example applications to help you grasp the concepts involved. Learn how to create JavaScript applications that offer a more responsive and improved experience. U

Progressive Web applications

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2017-01-01

Progressive Web Applications are native-like applications running inside of a browser context. In my presentation I would like describe their characteristics, benchmarks and building process using a quick and simple case study example with focus on Service Workers api.

49 CFR 385.603 - Application.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Application. 385.603 Section 385.603... Special Rules for New Entrant Non-North America-Domiciled Carriers § 385.603 Application. (a) Each applicant applying under this subpart must submit an application that consists of: (1) Form OP-1(NNA...

14 CFR 211.31 - Application.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Application. 211.31 Section 211.31... REGULATIONS APPLICATIONS FOR PERMITS TO FOREIGN AIR CARRIERS Freely Associated State Air Carriers § 211.31 Application. The application shall include, in addition to other requirements of this part, documentation...

Forecasting the Quantity and Activity of Fission Products in France in Future Years in the Light of Atomic Energy Development; Quantite et Activite des Produits de Fission Obtenus en France dans les Annees a Venir Compte Tenu du Developpement de l'Energie Atomique; 041a 041e 041b 0414 ; Cantidad y Actividad de los Productos de Fision que se Obtendran en Francia en los Anos Venideros, Habida Cuenta del Desarrollo de la Energia Atomica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guirlet, J.; Lavie, J. M. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France)

1960-07-01

With the aid of Wigner and Way's formula it is possible to predict theoretically the activity of the complex mixture of fission products originating in a reactor. Account is taken in the study of prospective nuclear power production in France up to 1975. It is assumed that the uranium stays in the reactor for periods of three and of six months. It is also possible to determine the activity of a given fission product and to calculate its decay time. The substance selected was strontium for an activation period of three months. Each group of curves shows total activity at any moment and the activity of particular fission products over a given period. (author) [French] En utilisant la formule de Wigner et Way, il est possible de prevoir theoriquement l'activite du melange complexe de produits de fission provenant d'une pile. L'etude a ete faite en tenant compte de previsions en ce qui concerne en France la production d'electricite d'origine atomique jusqu'en 1975. On a suppose des temps de sejour en pile de l'uranium de trois mois et de six mois. Il est possible egalement de trouver l'activite d'un produit de fission particulier, et de donner sa decroissance. Le corps choisi est le strontium pour un temps d'activation de trois mois. Chaque ensemble de courbes donne a tout instant l'activite totale, et l'activite propre des produits de fission correspondant a une periode donnee. (author) [Spanish] Empleando la formula de Wigner y Way se puede calcular teoricamente la actividad de la mezcla compleja de productos de fision procedentes de una pila. Para esta memoria se han tenido en cuenta las previsiones de produccion de electricidad nucleoelectrica en Francia hasta 1975. Los autores suponen que el uranio permanece tres o seis meses en la pila y han conseguido determinar la actividad de un producto de fision determinado, asi como su periodo de desintegracion. Han escogido el estroncio, con un tiempo de activacion de 3 meses. Cada conjunto de curvas da la actividad total

25 CFR 67.6 - Application forms.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... application form is filed by a sponsor, the name and address of the sponsor and the sponsor's relationship to... the applicant's mailing address on the application form. Thereafter, the applicant or sponsor shall... applicant. Otherwise, the mailing address as stated on the application form shall be accepted as the address...

Radioisotopes production and applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dash, Ashutosh

2015-01-01

Application of radioisotopes for both medical and industrial applications constitutes one of the most important peaceful uses of atomic energy. The striking diffusion and the exciting perspective of radioisotope for a plethora of medical and industrial applications are mainly attributable to the penetrating and ionization properties of radiation emanating from radioisotopes. The revolutionary medical applications of radioisotopes for the diagnosis and treatment of a multitude of diseases are causing a rapid expansion of the nuclear medicine field. While the industrial uses of radioisotopes are not expanding as quickly, also require large amounts of radioisotopes. Production of radioisotopes is not only the first step, but also the most crucial for the success as well as sustainable growth of radioisotope applications. With the rapid growth and expanding areas of applications, the demands for isotopes have increased several folds. A number of radioisotopes of different physical half-life, energy of the particle or gamma emission, specific activity and chemistry are now regularly produced both at commercial centers as well as at selected nuclear science research institutes utilizing reactors and cyclotrons to meet the ever growing need

21 CFR 812.20 - Application.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Application. 812.20 Section 812.20 Food and Drugs... INVESTIGATIONAL DEVICE EXEMPTIONS Application and Administrative Action § 812.20 Application. (a) Submission. (1) A sponsor shall submit an application to FDA if the sponsor intends to use a significant risk device...

46 CFR 8.520 - Application.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Application. 8.520 Section 8.520 Shipping COAST GUARD... Streamlined Inspection Program § 8.520 Application. To apply for SIP enrollment, a company will submit an application, in writing, to the cognizant OCMI. The application must contain the following: (a) A statement...

Direct application of geothermal energy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reistad, G.M.

1980-01-01

An overall treatment of direct geothermal applications is presented with an emphasis on the above-ground engineering. The types of geothermal resources and their general extent in the US are described. The potential market that may be served with geothermal energy is considered briefly. The evaluation considerations, special design aspects, and application approaches for geothermal energy use in each of the applications are considered. The present applications in the US are summarized and a bibliography of recent studies and applications is provided. (MHR)