Centro Vogelstang - Mannheim (Alemania Federal

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Striffler, H.

1972-05-01

Full Text Available In the new urban zone of Vogelstang some 20,000 people will live in 4,600 rented dwellings and 700 private homes. The scheme contains all facilities to allow an autonomous life, i.e. primary schools, a secondary school, a college of domestic economy, two Catholic and two Evangelical churches, a kindergarten, an old people's home, a commercial centre, a community centre and an indoor swimming-pool. In the southern area a recreation park has been made with an artificial lake and sports centre. There are plenty of green spaces and playing areas for children.En la nueva zona urbana Vogelstang vivirán unas 20.000 personas en 4.600 viviendas de alquiler y 700 hogares propios. El complejo abarca todas las instalaciones que permiten una vida autónoma: Escuelas primarias. Escuela Superior. Instituto. Escuela de economía doméstica. Dos iglesias católicas y dos evangélicas. Jardín de infancia. Residencia para ancianos. Centro comercial. Centro comunal. Piscina cubierta. En la zona sur se ha creado un parque de recreo con un lago artificial y un centro de deportes. Hay abundantes espacios verdes y lugares de juego para los niños.

21 CFR 890.1450 - Powered reflex hammer.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Powered reflex hammer. 890.1450 Section 890.1450 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED... hammer. (a) Identification. A powered reflex hammer is a motorized device intended for medical purposes...

Estudio de factibilidad para la creación de un Centro de Capacitación del Idioma Inglés, en el sector sur de la ciudad de Quito

OpenAIRE

Galán Granda, María Wendy

2007-01-01

La necesidad actual de aprender inglés (el idioma más usado para hacer negocios a nivel internacional), ha determinado la importancia en la elaboración de este proyecto “Estudio de factibilidad para la creación de un centro de capacitación del idioma inglés, en el sector Sur de la ciudad de Quito”, mediante el presente, se pretende implementar un instituto que se comprometa con la enseñanza de este idioma que tanto necesitan dominar los profesionales, puesto que, en la mayoría de empresas, co...

Del santuario al caserío: acerca de la neolitización en la Cordillera de los Andes Centrales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

1988-01-01

Full Text Available Les faits archéologiques mis en évidence sur le site de Piruru ouvrent des perspectives nouvelles sur la sédentarisation et l'apparition du village dans les Andes centrales. Piruru présente, au Précéramique Final (3000/2500 - 1800/1500 av.JC, une longue période de construction à des fins religieuses avant que n'existent, au Formatif Initial et Moyen (1800/1500 - 800/600 av.JC, des structures à usage domestique. Cette antériorité de l'architecture publique et cérémonielle, observable à l'échelle régionale, permet de proposer l'hypothèse qu'au Précéramique Final, les sanctuaires montagnards jouent un rôle catalyseur, non seulement dans la naissance et le développement de l'architecture, mais aussi dans l'organisation spatiale des communautés en cours de sédentarisation. Durant la longue occupation du Précéramique Final, plus de 1000 ans, les premières phases de la séquence de Piruru montrent l'existence de petits temples, qui sont les plus anciens connus actuellement dans les Andes centrales. Ensuite, la phase plus récente du temple P1 permet de relier Piruru aux autres sanctuaires connus, et de définir la tradition Mito, courant religieux qui se manifeste dans les Andes d'Ancash et de Huánuco, durant la deuxième partie du Précéramique Final. Au Formatif Initial, dans le même temps où la céramique est introduite sur le site, Piruru devient un petit habitat groupé, premier exemple connu à ce jour en montagne. Au cours d'un processus long de plus de 700 ans, les transformations dans l'organisation globale de l'habitat indiquent un degré croissant de sédentarité, et montrent le passage d'un hameau utilisé de façon saisonnière à un village habité de façon permanente, la sédentarité paraissant acquise au début du Formatif Moyen. Los hechos arqueológicos puestos en evidencia en el sitio de Piruru ofrecen nuevas perspectivas sobre la sedentarización y la aparición de la aldea en los Andes centrales

29 CFR 1450.17 - Contracting for collection services.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Contracting for collection services. 1450.17 Section 1450.17 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) FEDERAL MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE... prevailing commercial practice. (3) FMCS may enter into a contract under paragraph (b)(1) of this section...

21 CFR 886.1450 - Corneal radius measuring device.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Corneal radius measuring device. 886.1450 Section 886.1450 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... corneal size by superimposing the image of the cornea on a scale at the focal length of the lens of a...

Andes: An intelligent homework helper

Science.gov (United States)

van de Sande, Brett; Vanlehn, Kurt; Treacy, Don; Shelby, Bob; Wintersgill, Mary

2007-03-01

Andes (www.andes.pitt.edu) is an intelligent tutor homework system designed for use as the homework portion of an introductory physics course. It encourages students to use good problem solving techniques and provides immediate feedback on each step of a problem solution along with hints on request. I will discuss how Andes works, from a student perspective, and present research demonstrating its effectiveness as a pedagogical tool. Then, I will discuss using Andes as a tool for conducting education research, briefly reviewing several studies conducted using Andes. Finally, I will show how logs of student solutions to Andes problems can be used to develop cognitive models of student learning.

Cambios latitudinales en la pesquería pelágica de merluza de cola (Macruronus magellanicus de la zona centro-sur (1986-2003 Latitudinal changes in the Patagonian grenadier (Macruronus magellanicus pelagic fishery off central-southern Chile (1986-2003

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis A Cubillos

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Se analizaron los cambios espacio-temporales de las capturas de merluza de cola obtenidas por la flota industrial de cerco en la zona centro-sur de Chile (34°-41°30'S, para revisar la hipótesis de migración hacia el norte de la fracción juvenil de merluza de cola en primavera. Se utilizaron datos de bitácoras de pesca del periodo 1986-2003, y a partir de éstos se calcularon centros de gravedad de las capturas y su varianza. Se postula que si la flota sigue el comportamiento migratorio de la fracción juvenil, se esperaría que los centros de gravedad de las capturas migren latitudinalmente de sur a norte conforme la estación de pesca avanza. No obstante, sólo se encontró cuatro casos en que ocurrió una migración hacia el norte de los centroides. Más bien, los centros de gravedad se presentan estacionarios, al interior de cada temporada de pesca. Se postula que existe una fracción juvenil residente que sólo incrementa su accesibilidad y vulnerabilidad en aguas superficiales en primavera debido al régimen ambiental, que se caracteriza por la dominancia de eventos de surgencia y no a una migración de sur a norte.We analyzed spatio-temporal changes in Patagonian grenadier catches by the purse-seine fleet off central-southern Chile (34°-41°30'S in order to check the hypothesis that the juvenile fraction of the population migrates northward in spring. Log-book data from 1986 to 2003 were used to calculate the center of gravity of and variance of each catch. We proposed that, if the fleet follows the migratory behavior of the juvenile fraction, the centers of gravity of the catches will migrate from south to north as the fishing season progresses. Nevertheless, the centers of gravity migrated northward in only four cases. Unexpectedly, the centers of gravity remained stationary within each fishing season. Now we propose that, in spring, a resident juvenile fraction of Patagonian grenadier increases its accessibility and vulnerability

Aves y endemismo en los bosques relictos de la vertiente occidental andina del norte del Perú y sur del Ecuador

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Jeremy N. M. Flanagan

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Los bosques relictos de las vertientes occidentales de los Andes del norte del Perú y el sur del Ecuador forman parte de dos regiones, una la denominada región de endemismo tumbesina (caracterizada principalmente por bosques secos y otra, en altitudes mayores, la región de endemismo del sur de los Andes centrales (caracterizada por bosques nublados y páramo. La región tumbesina es reconocida por albergar gran cantidad de aves endémicas, muchas de las cuales están amenazadas, y también por el alto grado de deforestación y fragmentación de sus hábitats naturales. Este artículo presenta un resumen del estado de conservación de dichas aves y bosques, con recomendaciones para mejorar la conservación de los últimos bosques de la vertiente occidental.

29 CFR 1450.16 - Use of consumer reporting agencies.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Use of consumer reporting agencies. 1450.16 Section 1450.16 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) FEDERAL MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE COLLECTIONS... natural person. Such commercial debt accounts are not covered, however, by the Privacy Act. ...

De Los ríos profundos a Lituma en los andes: La respuesta de Mario Vargas Llosa a José María Arguedas

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Marie-Madeleine Gladieu

2011-05-01

Full Text Available La novela de Mario Vargas Llosa Lituma en los Andes1 poco tiene que ver, aparentemente, con el mundo narrativo de José María Arguedas: las nuevas aventuras de un personaje ficticio bien conocido de los lectores, presente en varias obras anteriores de aquel autor, en nada se asemejan a las del niño Ernesto ni a las de otro protagonista arguediano. Los Andes sirven de decorado para los dos relatos, pero entre la naturaleza y los pueblos que se suceden en Los ríos profundos2en toda su diversidad, y los paisajes hoscos y siempre peligrosos por los que cruza Lituma, apenas reconoce el lector aquella parte del sur peruano. Algunos detalles, sin embargo, al examinar bien el texto y el contexto de Lituma en los Andes, llaman la atención.

15 CFR 14.50 - Purpose of reports and records.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... financial and program performance and the necessary standard reporting forms. They also set forth record... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Purpose of reports and records. 14.50... COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS Post-Award Requirements Reports and Records § 14.50 Purpose of reports and records...

Taxonomía y biogeografía de cuatro especies de Psectrascelis (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae de la Precordillera y Cordillera de los Andes en Mendoza, Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo E. FLORES

2005-01-01

Full Text Available El género neotropical Psectrascelis Solier (Pimeliinae: Nycteliini comprende 75 especies que se distribuyen desde el sur de Perú hasta el sur de Argentina y Chile. En este aporte se revisan las cuatro especies de Psectrascelis que habitan en el noroeste de la provincia de Mendoza (Argentina, en los cordones montañosos de la Precordillera y Cordillera de los Andes: P. deplanata (Lacordaire, 1830, P. vestita (Lacordaire, 1830, P. mamillonea (Lacordaire, 1830 y P. semistrigosa Fairmaire, 1903. Se proveen redescripciones con nuevos caracteres morfológicos, fotografías de adultos y de los pronotos, e ilustraciones de genitalia masculinos. Se consigna la distribución geográfica y rangos altitudinales para cada especie, estableciendo las provincias biogeográficas que habitan. Se presenta una discusión acerca de los patrones de distribución de las especies de Psectrascelis y de otros artrópodos epigeos que habitan en los cordones montañosos de la Precordillera y Cordillera de los Andes.

Estructura y diversidad en selva inundable al centro y sur de Calakmul/Structure and diversity in oodable jungle in central and southern Calakmul

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Websters Chiquini-Heredia

2017-09-01

Full Text Available . Se establecieron nueve sitios en diferentes comunidades del centro y sur del municipio de Calakmul, con la nalidad de describir la estructura y composición de especies arbóreas en la selva inundable (SI, conocida como bajos inundables o vegetación de Akalches. Se censaron 2 212 individuos, 112 especies y 36 familias. El área basal varío entre 5.6 y 18.2 m2 ha−1 , las especies con mayor valor de importancia fueron Coccoloba reexiora, Gymnanthes lucida, Haematoxylum campechianum, Manilkara zapota, Matayba oppositifolia, Metopium brownei y Sebastiania adenophora. La mayor similitud se presentó entre los sitios al centro del municipio, la diversidad en los sitios Carlos A. Madrazo, El Carmen II, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez, Centauro del Norte, Ley de Fomento Agropecuario, Narciso Mendoza, Nuevo Conhuás, Unidad y Trabajo, no mostraron diferencias signicativas (p < 0.05. La estructura horizontal de la vegetación fue similar en todos los sitios, agrupando la mayor cantidad de individuos, más del 50 %, en las categorías diamétricas de 2.5 a 8.4 cm. La estructura vertical presentó un comportamiento semejante entre sitios, concentrándose el 50 % de los individuos entre los 5 y 10 m. La SI alberga especies que son prioritarias para la conservación, tanto en programas nacionales como internacionales, y dada su importancia por aporte de agua y alimento a la fauna de la región se considera que son áreas en las cuales se deben implementar programas de conservación

Estimation de l'aléa sismique dans les Andes nord équatoriennes

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1996-01-01

Full Text Available Les Andes Nord équatoriennes ont connu de nombreux séismes historiques destructeurs. Pour caractériser l’aléa sismique de la région andine, nous avons fait une révision critique de la sismicité historique et de l’ensemble des failles actives de l’Équateur. Les deux sources majeures de l’aléa sismique sont respectivement la subduction superficielle pour la région côtière et le système transpressif des hautes Andes pour la région andine. Ce système est composé de failles décrochantes dextres d’orientation N30-35°E (failles du Rio Chingual-La Sofia et Pallatanga qui limitent respectivement au Nord et au Sud des failles inverses N-S du relais compressif de la vallée interandine (failles de Quito et de Latacunga. L’étude des mécanismes au foyer superficiels des Andes équatoriennes nous a permis de calculer une vitesse de raccourcissement crustal de 4.6 mm/a selon une direction N92°E et d’estimer des temps de récurrence et des périodes de retour. Un séisme de Mw = 5 pourrait se produire tous les 0.5 an, de Mw = 6 tous les 4.5 ans, de Mw = 7 tous les 45.4 ans. De même, sur une période de temps de 33 ans, 66 séismes de Mw=5 peuvent être attendus, 7 séismes de Mw=6 et 1 séisme de Mw=7. Enfin, nous avons estimé pour l’ensemble des sources sismogènes de la région andine des magnitudes maximales probables et des temps de récurrence. Un séisme de magnitude 7 à 7.5 peut se produire sur la faille du Rio Chingual tous les 400±440 ans et de magnitude 6.7 à 7.2 tous les 380±320 ans sur la faille de Pallatanga. Dans la vallée interandine, la faille de Quito est susceptible d’engendrer un séisme de magnitude 6.6 à 7.6 tous les 930±300 ans. LA AMENAZA SÍSMICA EN LOS ANDES ECUATORIANOS. Los Andes del Norte del Ecuador son una región sismogénica mayor, donde se puede contabilizar muchos terremotos históricos destructores. A fin de determinar la amenaza sísmica sobre la región andina, se hizo la asociaci

Water and sediment quality of the Lake Andes and Choteau Creek basins, South Dakota, 1983-2000

Science.gov (United States)

Sando, Steven Kent; Neitzert, Kathleen M.

2003-01-01

The Bureau of Reclamation has proposed construction of the Lake Andes/Wagner Irrigation Demonstration Project to investigate environmental effects of irrigation of glacial till soils substantially derived from marine shales. During 1983-2000, the U.S. Geological Survey collected hydrologic, water-quality, and sediment data in the Lake Andes and Choteau Creek Basins, and on the Missouri River upstream and downstream from Choteau Creek, to provide baseline information in support of the proposed demonstration project. Lake Andes has a drainage area of about 230 mi2 (square miles). Tributaries to Lake Andes are ephemeral. Water-level fluctuations in Lake Andes can be large, and the lake has been completely dry on several occasions. The outlet aqueduct from Lake Andes feeds into Garden Creek, which enters Lake Francis Case just upstream from Fort Randall Dam on the Missouri River. For Lake Andes tributary stations, calcium, magnesium, and sodium are approximately codominant among the cations, and sulfate is the dominant anion. Dissolved-solids concentrations typically range from about 1,000 mg/L (milligrams per liter) to about 1,700 mg/L. Major-ion concentrations for Lake Andes tend to be higher than the tributaries and generally increase downstream in Lake Andes. Proportions of major ions are similar among the different lake units (with the exception of Owens Bay), with calcium, magnesium, and sodium being approximately codominant among cations, and sulfate being the dominant anion. Owens Bay is characterized by a calcium sulfate water type. Dissolved-solids concentrations for Lake Andes typically range from about 1,400 to 2,000 mg/L. Whole-water nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations are similar among the Lake Andes tributaries, with median whole-water nitrogen concentrations ranging from about 1.6 to 2.4 mg/L, and median whole-water phosphorus concentrations ranging from about 0.5 to 0.7 mg/L. Whole-water nitrogen concentrations in Lake Andes are similar among the

Soutien organisationnel de la phase 2 de l'ITT : Centro de Análisis y ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Ce financement contribuera à renforcer le rôle du Centro de Análisis y Difusión de la Economía Paraguaya (CADEP) en tant qu'organisme crédible de recherche sur les politiques au Paraguay en favorisant sa capacité à fournir des recherches de qualité supérieure, influentes et utiles en matière de politiques. Au sujet du ...

Andes: An Intelligent Homework System for Introductory Physics

Science.gov (United States)

van de Sande, Brett; VanLehn, K.; Hausmann, R.; Treacy, D.; Shelby, R.

2006-12-01

We know that students benefit from solving homework problems under the guidance of an expert (human) tutor. The Andes system (http://www.andes.pitt.edu) is designed for students to solve homework problems under the guidance of an expert computer tutor. Andes encourages students to use sound problem solving techniques and provides immediate right/wrong feedback on each step of a solution. On request, Andes also provides hints based on previous student actions. I will discuss how Andes works, from a student's perspective, and summarize research that demonstrates its effectiveness as a pedagogical tool. I will also discuss how Andes can function as a tool for conducting educational research, presenting an investigation of students' hint usage as an example.

Contribución del programa 'Nieves y glaciares tropicales' (NGT al conocimiento de la variabilidad climática en los Andes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

1998-01-01

Full Text Available CONTRIBUTION DU PROGRAMME “NEIGES ET GLACIERS TROPICAUX” (NGT À LA CONNAISSANCE DE LA VARIABILITÉ CLIMATIQUE DANS LES ANDES. Les glaciers tropicaux sont d’excellents indicateurs de l’évolution du climat à cause de leur extrême sensibilité aux variations des paramètres météorologiques tels que les températures, la radiation, les précipitations etc. (Pouyaud et al., 1995. Ils ont enregistré les implications climatiques des phénomènes El Niño (ENSO et ils peuvent donner des informations précieuses sur leur fréquence et leur amplitude. Ce sont aussi des objets hydrologiques et les populations andines exploitent leurs ressources. Ils peuvent évoluer très rapidement. Le recul actuel, accéléré et généralisé des glaciers des Andes centrales a des conséquences hydrologiques et peut constituer des risques naturels. L’ORSTOM et ses partenaires scientifiques andins ont mis en route depuis 1991 un vaste programme de suivi dans l’ensemble des Andes tropicales. On évalue les résultats de ce programme jusqu’à la fin 1997. Los glaciares tropicales son excelentes indicadores de la evolución del clima por su extrema sensibilidad a las variaciones de los parámetros meteorológicos como las temperaturas, la radiación y las precipitaciones, etc. (Pouyaud et al., 1995. Bajo este concepto, han registrado las implicaciones climáticas de los fenómenos El Niño-Oscilación del Sur (ENSO y pueden proporcionar valiosas informaciones sobre su frecuencia y su magnitud. Son también objetos hidrológicos, cuyos recursos son aprovechados por las sociedades andinas, susceptibles de evoluciones futuras muy rápidas. El actual retroceso, generalizado y acelerado, de los glaciares de los Andes centrales y sus consecuencias en términos de hidrología o de riesgos naturales, condujeron al ORSTOM y sus contrapartes científicas andinas a lanzar desde 1991 un amplio programa de monitoreo de estos glaciares en el conjunto de los Andes tropicales

El eje fecundatorio norte-sur del Perú: una interpretación psicológica

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Federico R. León

1984-06-01

Full Text Available El eje fecundatorio norte-sur consiste en una relación ordinal entre una dimensión geográfica  (regiones de planificación Norte, Centro y Sur del Perú y el deseo de hijos de la mujer peruana, siendo el deseo mayor entre las norteñas y menor entre las sureñas. Análisis correlacionales, de covarianza, y de regresión fueron ejecutados en el banco de datos de la ENPA (N = 6,437 para determinar en las mujeres con hijos del norte, centro y sur (N = 1, 765 si variables tales como la altura/cultura (costa, sierra, urbanización, educación, ingreso, trabajo, conyugalidad, número de hijos vivos, y número de hijos muertos podrían dar cuenta del eje fecundatorio. El eje fecundatorio probó ser independiente de estas variables, aunque algunas interacciones aproximaron significación estadística. Se propuso una interpretación psicológica de  los resultados. La mujer norteña desearía más hijos debido a su mayor aceptación de un rol femenino dependiente y mayor disposición a satisfacer el machismo de su marido. La mujer sureña desearía menos hijos debido a su posición más autónoma en la vida familiar y mayores expectativas de participación activa en roles ocupacionales.

Caracterización química del material particulado atmosférico del centro urbano de Huancayo, Perú

OpenAIRE

Suárez-Salas, Luis; Álvarez Tolentino, Daniel; Bendezú, Yéssica; Pomalaya, José

2017-01-01

La ciudad de Huancayo, ubicada en los Andes centrales del Perú, presenta problemas de calidad del aire, siendo el principal contaminante el material particulado (MP). Por ello, el objetivo del presente artículo fue caracterizar la composición química del MP atmosférico colectados en una estación ubicada en el centro urbano de Huancayo. Se colectó MP en agosto del 2007, y enero, abril y mayo del 2008 con un equipo de bajo volumen (PARTISOL FRM 2000) y filtros de 47 mm. Se determinó la concentr...

Determinación de brechas en Gestión Tecnológica y Gestión de la Innovación en Empresas del Sector de Alimentos y Bebidas de la región Centro Sur de Caldas

OpenAIRE

Galindo López, Carolina; Tascón Holguín, Sandra Patricia

2016-01-01

Esta investigación de tipo explicativo pretendía identificar las brechas estructurales en la Gestión Tecnológica y la Gestión de la Innovación en empresas del sector de alimentos y bebidas de la región Centro sur de Caldas con base en los lineamientos establecidos por la normas técnicas ICONTEC. Se Incorporó el análisis de modelo de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación y su Sistema de Gestión; la caracterización de las prácticas en Gestión Tecnológica, Gestión de Innovación y la evaluación...

Changing Student Attitudes using Andes, An Intelligent Homework System

Science.gov (United States)

van de Sande, Brett; Vanlehn, Kurt; Treacy, Don; Shelby, Bob; Wintersgill, Mary

2007-03-01

The size of introductory physics lectures often inhibits personal homework assistance and timely corrective feedback. Andes, an intelligent homework help system designed for two semesters of introductory physics, can fill this need by encouraging students to use sound problem solving techniques and providing immediate feedback on each step of a solution. On request, Andes provides principles-based hints based on previous student actions. A multi-year study at the U.S. Naval Academy demonstrates that students using Andes perform better than students working the same problems as graded pencil and paper homeworks. In addition, student attitude surveys show that Andes is preferred over other homework systems. These findings have implications for student attitudes toward, and mastery of, physics. See http://www.andes.pitt.edu for more information.

Fault-controlled development of shallow hydrothermal systems: Structural and mineralogical insights from the Southern Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Roquer, T.; Arancibia, G.; Rowland, J. V.; Iturrieta, P. C.; Morata, D.; Cembrano, J. M.

2017-12-01

Paleofluid-transporting systems can be recognized as meshes of fracture-filled veins in eroded zones of extinct hydrothermal systems. Here we conducted meso-microstructural analysis and mechanical modeling from two exhumed exposures of the faults governing regional tectonics of the Southern Andes: the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault System (LOFS) and the Andean Transverse Faults (ATF). A total of 107 fractures in both exposures were analyzed. The ATF specific segment shows two tectonic solutions that can be modeled as Andersonian and non-Andersonian tectonic regimes: (1) shear (mode II/III) failure occurs at differential stresses > 28 MPa and fluid pressures 85-98% lithostatic in the non-Andersonian regime. Additionally, the LOFS exposure cyclically fails in extension (mode I) or extension + shear (modes I + II/III) in the Andersonian regime, at differential stresses 40-80% lithostatic. In areas of spatial interaction between ATF and LOFS, these conditions might favor: (1) the storage of overpressured fluids in hydrothermal systems associated with the ATF faults, and (2) continuous fluid flow through vertical conduits in the LOFS faults. These observations suggest that such intersections are highly probable locations for concentrated hydrothermal activity, which must be taken into consideration for further geothermal exploration. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. PhD CONICYT grants, Centro de Excelencia en Geotermia de los Andes (CEGA-FONDAP/CONICYT Project #15090013), FONDECYT Project #1130030 and Project CONICYT REDES #140036.

Mass media, espacio y tiempo en Todos Santos, Baja California Sur

OpenAIRE

Rossana Almada

2001-01-01

El artículo que aquí se sintetiza es un primer acercamiento, desde la perspectiva de autores entre los que destaca Manuel Castells, a un proyecto mayor que pretende analizar e interpretar el proceso de transformaciones que ha venido sufriendo el pueblo de Todos Santos, Baja California Sur BCS, debido a la llegada de dos contingentes de inmigrantes: el primero, rocedente de Estados Unidos y Canadá, llegó a comprar las casas del centro del pueblo; algunos con la intención de quedarse e inst...

Incidencia de la forma y envolvente en el desempeño térmico de las viviendas del centro-sur de Chile

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Flavio Celis Damico

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza la situación de la vivienda en Chile desde el punto de vista de la eficiencia energética con el fin de proponer mejoras aplicables, en particular en los programas de reconstrucción habitacional post terremoto 2010. El estudio se centra en el centro sur del país, entre la región del Maule y la región de la Araucanía, la zona más afectada por el sismo. Se presentan las condiciones climáticas, aspectos morfológicos y constructivos, para identificar posibles mejoras de eficiencia energética. A partir de este análisis se advierten características del diseño arquitectónico de las viviendas, especialmente de agrupamiento y materialidad de la envolvente que inciden significativamente en su desempeño energético. Se expone una evaluación simple de los costos asociados a los mejoramientos de la envolvente propuestos. Concluyendo que una construcción más eficiente es determinada por un correcto análisis de las condiciones climáticas para la demanda energética correspondiente e identificando formas más adecuadas y calidad de la envolvente. Se constata que modificaciones en el diseño arquitectónico de la vivienda, su emplazamiento y configuración son relevantes en el camino hacia la eficiencia energética.

Retrospective Analysis of NIST Standard Reference Material 1450, Fibrous Glass Board, for Thermal Insulation Measurements

Science.gov (United States)

Zarr, Robert R; Heckert, N Alan; Leigh, Stefan D

2014-01-01

Thermal conductivity data acquired previously for the establishment of Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1450, Fibrous Glass Board, as well as subsequent renewals 1450a, 1450b, 1450c, and 1450d, are re-analyzed collectively and as individual data sets. Additional data sets for proto-1450 material lots are also included in the analysis. The data cover 36 years of activity by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in developing and providing thermal insulation SRMs, specifically high-density molded fibrous-glass board, to the public. Collectively, the data sets cover two nominal thicknesses of 13 mm and 25 mm, bulk densities from 60 kg·m−3 to 180 kg·m−3, and mean temperatures from 100 K to 340 K. The analysis repetitively fits six models to the individual data sets. The most general form of the nested set of multilinear models used is given in the following equation: λ(ρ,T)=a0+a1ρ+a2T+a3T3+a4e−(T−a5a6)2where λ(ρ,T) is the predicted thermal conductivity (W·m−1·K−1), ρ is the bulk density (kg·m−3), T is the mean temperature (K) and ai (for i = 1, 2, … 6) are the regression coefficients. The least squares fit results for each model across all data sets are analyzed using both graphical and analytic techniques. The prevailing generic model for the majority of data sets is the bilinear model in ρ and T. λ(ρ,T)=a0+a1ρ+a2T One data set supports the inclusion of a cubic temperature term and two data sets with low-temperature data support the inclusion of an exponential term in T to improve the model predictions. Physical interpretations of the model function terms are described. Recommendations for future renewals of SRM 1450 are provided. An Addendum provides historical background on the origin of this SRM and the influence of the SRM on external measurement programs. PMID:26601034

40 CFR 60.1450 - How must I monitor opacity for air curtain incinerators that burn 100 percent yard waste?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... curtain incinerators that burn 100 percent yard waste? 60.1450 Section 60.1450 Protection of Environment... Air Curtain Incinerators That Burn 100 Percent Yard Waste § 60.1450 How must I monitor opacity for air curtain incinerators that burn 100 percent yard waste? (a) Use EPA Reference Method 9 in appendix A of...

Geology, petrology and geochemistry of the dome complex of Huequi volcano, southern Chile Geología, petrología y geoquímica de los domos volcánicos del volcán Huequi, Chile meridional

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Sebastian F.L Watt

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Huequi, a little-known volcano in the southern part of the Andean southern volcanic zone (SSVZ, shows a regionally unusual eruption style, mineralogy and geochemistry. The volcano comprises multiple highly-eroded lava domes. Past eruptions were accompanied by relatively minor explosive activity, most recently from 1890-1920. The rocks erupted by Huequi range from basaltic andesite to dacite, and are highly distinctive when compared to other volcanoes of the SSVZ, being K-poor and Al-rich, and containing euhedral hornblende phenocrysts. Overall compositions suggest a notably water-rich magma source, evolving through high levels of fractionation and subsequent degassing to produce highly porphyritic dome-forming andesites. The ultimate causes of water-rich magmas at this point in the arc remain unclear.El volcán Huequi es poco conocido, que se ubica en la provincia sur de la zona Volcánica Sur de los Andes (ZVSS. Sus tipos de erupción y características mineralógicas y geoquímicas son poco comunes a nivel regional. El volcán presenta múltiples domos poco erosionados. Las erupciones estuvieron acompañadas por una actividad explosiva secundaria, siendo las más recientes las ocurridas entre los años 1890 y 1920. Los magmas del Huequi son de composición andesítico-basáltica a dacítica. Si se las compara con rocas eruptadas por otros centros volcánicos de la ZVSS de los Andes, las del Huequi se caracterizan por ser pobres en K, ricas en Al y por presentar fenocristales euhedrales de anfíbola. Las composiciones totales sugieren una fuente magmática rica en H2O, que se desarrolla a través de niveles de cristalización fraccionada y desgasificación subsecuente, que producen domos volcánicos andesíticos altamente porfíricos. Sin embargo, la causa última que genera magmas ricos en H2O, en esta parte de los Andes, sigue aún sin explicación.

Ethnoecology of the tropical Andes avian indicators of landscape change in highland Ecuador.

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Sarmiento, F. O.

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Four Andean birds offer clues to rethink the ethnoecology of neotropical cloud forests, challenging the notion of conservation based only in water resources and biodiversity. Using both archaeological and actuoecological evidence, the role of humans in shaping high Andean landscapes' location and maintenance is argued as an important factor for conservation priorities of tropical montane cloud forests, particularly in the equatorial mountains. Avian examples demonstrate intricate linkages of culture and nature in the tropical Andes. Traditional knowledge associated to ornithological clues, helps understanding the dynamics of cultural landscapes, with birds as proxy of synergisms affecting the complexities of both, nature and culture. A paradox of conservation is highlighted with avian indicators. The four selected species were cases where landscape change and biodiversity help in determining ethnoecological insights. Unlike the preservation of absolute nature reserves, landscape stewardship, conservation easements and cultural la^tdscapes are listed as options for inclusion in the repertoire of conservation scenarios for cloud forests survival, which includes sacred places and spiritual domains as intangibles worth protecting in the Tropical Andes.

[fr] Quatre oiseaux andins nous donnent des raisons pour repenser Vethnoécologie des forêts néotropicales humides, ce qui met en question l'idée de la conservation basée sur les ressources d'eau et la biodiversité seules. En se servant des évidences archéologiques et écologiques actuelles, on soutient que les êtres humains ont un rôle dans la formation des hauts paysages andins. On soutient aussi que l'entretien est un facteur important dans la conservation des forêts tropicales humides en montagne, surtout dans les montagnes équatoriales. Les exemples aviaires démontrent les liens compliqués entre la culture et la nature dans les Andes tropicales. Les connaissances

Recherches préliminaires en laboratoire sur les céramiques de Piruru (Andes Centrales

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1985-01-01

Full Text Available A partir de l'analyse par fluorescence X de 44 tessons de céramique provenant de la fouille de Piruru, et de 11 prélèvements d'argile recueillis tant à Piruru que dans la vallée du Tantamayo, est proposée une classification du matériel qui est représentée par un dendro-gramme. Cette première étude en laboratoire permet de réfléchir sur la validité des types céramiques déjà définis, et d'émettre des hypothèses de travail sur les structures de production et l'origine des céramiques. A partir del análisis por fluorescencia X de 44 tiestos de cerámica procedentes de la excavación de Piruru, y de 11 muestras de arcilla recogidas tanto en Piruru como en el valle del Tantamayo, se propone una clasificación del material que está representada por un dendrograma. Este primer estudio en laboratorio permite reflexionar sobre la validez de los tipos cerámicos ya definidos, y plantear hipótesis de trabajo sobre las estructuras de producción y el origen de las cerámicas.

Centro dotacional integrado Arganzuela

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Plaza, Luis F.

2002-02-01

Full Text Available This project becomes alter the remodeling of the former Madrid 's Bus Station into a multi-purpose facility. The main compositional feature is an open passage across the large original building which enables the clear arranging of the uses and provides more lighting. A complex intervention allows to take advantage of great part of the existing structure and to adapt it to the new uses. A renovated image. as well as the new pedestrian tours in the open spaces. emphasize the building 's role as promotor of the recovering of a degradeted neighbourhood.El Centro Dotacional Integrado Arganzuela es fruto de la remodelación de la antigua Estación Sur de Autobuses de Madrid, para equipamiento deportivo y socio-cultural. El argumento básico del proyecto es una calle interior que fragmenta la gran construcción original, organiza las distintas actividades y multiplica las posibilidades del edificio para ver y ser visto. Una compleja intervención permite aprovechar gran parte de la estructura existente y adaptarla a los nuevos usos. La rotundidad de la nueva imagen así como la creación de nuevos espacios peatonales contribuyen a la regeneración de un entorno urbano degradado.

Les Andes Centrales Tropicales vues par deux géographes: Isaiah Bowman et Carl Troll

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1978-01-01

Full Text Available Deux visions des Andes vues par deux géographes, Isaiah BOWMAN et Carl TROLL, au caractère et au milieu intellectuel différents. L'auteur étudie dans l'un et l'autre cas la méthode d'analyse de l'espace géographique et les conclusions tirées par chacun d'eux. I. BOWMAN, Américain, convaincu qu'une économie mercantiliste fondée sur l'exportation permettra aux Etats andins d'accéder à un modèle de développement, décrit les vastes contrées amazoniennes comme un futur El Dorado entre les mains de colons. L'aménagement des basses plaines selon des schémas nord-américains est le pilier de l'économie alors que les Andes abritant les communautés indigènes constituent un frein au développement. De ce fait il laisse de côté l'étude des paysanneries andines. Toute différente est la démarche de Carl TROLL dont la formation à la fois en sciences humaines et naturelles, lui permet de cerner l'espace géographique comme cadre de vie des sociétés. L'utilisation des étages écologiques, le développement de l'Empire Inca fondé sur l'étage des 'punas', la démarche historique des analyses minutieuses de Carl TROLL donne un éclairage nouveau aux relations des sociétés andines et des milieux naturels avec lesquels elles composent. Dos puntos de vista de los Andes por dos geógrafos, Isaiah BOWMAN y Carl TROLL con carácter y medio intelectual distintos. El autor estudia en ambos casos el método de análisis del espacio geográfico y las conclusiones sacadas por cada uno de ellos. I. BOWMAN, americano, convencido que una economía mercantil fundada sobre la exportación permitirá a los estados andinos acceder a un modelo de desarrollo, describe las extensas llanuras amazónicas como un El Dorado futuro entre las manos de los colonos. El desarrollo de las llanuras bajas según esquemas norteamericanos constituye el pilar de la economía mientras los Andes abrigando las comunidades indígenas se comportan como un freno al

Glaciation in the Andes during the Lateglacial and Holocene

Science.gov (United States)

Rodbell, Donald T.; Smith, Jacqueline A.; Mark, Bryan G.

2009-10-01

This review updates the chronology of Andean glaciation during the Lateglacial and the Holocene from the numerous articles and reviews published over the past three decades. The Andes, which include some of the world's wettest and driest mountainous regions, offer an unparalleled opportunity to elucidate spatial and temporal patterns of glaciation along a continuous 68-degree meridional transect. The geographic and altitudinal extent of modern glaciers and the sensitivity of both modern and former glaciers to respond to changes in specific climatic variables reflect broad-scale atmospheric circulation and consequent regional moisture patterns. Glaciers in the tropical Andes and in the mid-latitude Andes are likely to have been far more sensitive to changes in temperature than glaciers in the dry subtropical Andes. Broad-scale temporal and spatial patterns of glaciation during the Lateglacial are apparent. In the southernmost Andes, the Lateglacial chronology appears to have a strong Antarctic signature with the best-dated moraines correlating closely with the Antarctic Cold Reversal. The southernmost Andes do not appear to have experienced a significant ice advance coeval with the Younger Dryas (YD) climatic reversal. At the other end of the Andes, from ˜0 to 9°N, a stronger YD connection may exist, but critical stratigraphic and geochronologic work is required before a YD ice advance can be fully demonstrated. In the central Andes of Peru, well-dated moraines record a significant ice readvance at the onset of the YD, but ice was retreating during much of the remaining YD interval. The spatial-temporal pattern of Holocene glaciation exhibits tantalizing but incomplete evidence for an Early to Mid-Holocene ice advance(s) in many regions, but not in the arid subtropical Andes, where moraines deposited during or slightly prior to the Little Ice Age (LIA) record the most extensive advance of the Holocene. In many regions, there is strong evidence for Neoglacial

Les effets de l’émigration paysanne dans les Andes équatoriennes : une lecture photographique

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Nasser Rebaï

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Dans les Andes équatoriennes, les effets de l’émigration paysanne sont partout visibles. Si dans la province de l’Azuay, on assiste à la diminution des superficies cultivées et à la réorganisation des tâches agricoles, on observe par ailleurs l’émergence d’une agriculture commerciale orientée vers le marché urbain régional. En procédant à la description de photographies prises à la campagne comme à la ville, nous chercherons à expliquer l’ensemble de ces mutations, avant de nous interroger plus largement sur l’avenir des exploitations familiales dans cette région.En los Andes ecuatorianos, los efectos de la migración campesina son visibles por todas partes. Si en la provincia del Azuay, se asiste a la disminución de las superficies cultivadas y a la reorganización de las tareas agrícolas, observamos por otro lado la emergencia de una agricultura comercial orientada hacia el mercado urbano regional. Procediendo a la descripción de fotografías tomadas en la campo como en la ciudad, procuraremos explicar el conjunto de estas mutaciones, antes de preguntarnos más ampliamente sobre el futuro de las explotaciones familiares en esta región.

El arriero y el transporte terrestre en el Cono Sur (Mendoza, 1780-1800

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Lacoste, Pablo

2008-12-01

Full Text Available This paper explores the muleteer as an economic actor in terrestrial transportation in South Cone, specially in the route across the Andes in order to connect Atlantic and Pacific markets. Since Mendoza’s customs records, this study has processed 120.000 freight-carrying mules to know the origin and destiny places, main routes, volume and kind of charge. The muleteer promoted an intensive activity in terms of transportation, trade and wine industry. As a result, he leaded the rise of a regional proto-bourgeoisie.

El artículo examina al arriero como actor económico en el transporte terrestre del Cono Sur, sobre todo en la ruta a través de la Cordillera de los Andes, para enlazar los mercados del Atlántico y el Pacífico. A partir de los manuales de Cargo y Data de la Aduana de Mendoza, se han procesado 120.000 mulas de carga para determinar los lugares de origen y destino, principales rutas, volumen y tipo de carga transportada. El arriero impulsó una intensa actividad en el transporte, el comercio y en la industria vitivinícola; como resultado, este actor promovió el surgimiento de una protoburguesía regional.

Andes 1997 Gravity Data

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Central Andes gravity data (6,151 records) were compiled by Professor Gotze and the MIGRA Group. This data base was received in April, 1997. Principal gravity...

Caracterización de Tagetes filifolia del centro-sur de México por morfometría de los aquenios Characterization of Tagetes filifolia from central-south Mexico by morphometric achene traits

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Carlos A. Núñez-Colín

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Tagetes filifolia Lag. es una especie ruderal ampliamente distribuida en México de la cual se empieza a conocer su variabilidad morfológica, como parte de una serie de estudios relacionados con su posible domesticación para obtener biopesticidas. Para ampliar el conocimiento sobre este recurso vegetal se definieron mediante 11 características del aquenio 104 recolecciones del centro-sur de México empleando una técnica digital de imágenes. Se identificaron 5 diferentes grupos morfológicos. El Grupo I presentó recolecciones con aquenios pequeños y anchos; el Grupo II, aquenios grandes y anchos; el Grupo III, aquenios pequeños y alargados; el Grupo IV, aquenios grandes y alargados, y el Grupo V, aquenios grandes pero más alargados que los del Grupo IV. Las variables más discriminantes fueron el índice de alargamiento, índice de compactación, índice de redondez, relación eje menor/ eje mayor para la raíz canónica 1, y perímetro longitudinal y longitud del eje mayor para la raíz canónica 2. La gran variabilidad de las características de la forma y tamaño de los aquenios de T. filifolia se pudo agrupar en 5 morfotipos, los cuales no estuvieron presentes en toda la región centro-sur de México.Tagetes filifolia Lag. is a ruderal species widely distributed in Mexico from which is starting to make knowledge about its morphological variability as a part of a study sequence related with its possible domestication to obtain biopesticides. For acquiring more knowledge on this plant resource, 104 accessions from central-south Mexico were morphologically characterized by 11 achene traits employing a digital images technique. Five different morphologic groups were identified. Group I had accessions with small and wide achenes, group II had big and wide achenes, group III had small and long achenes, group IV had big and long achenes, and group V had big achenes but longer than group IV. The most discriminant variables were elongation

ANDES: An Underground Laboratory in South America

Science.gov (United States)

Dib, Claudio O.

ANDES (Agua Negra Deep Experiment Site) is an underground laboratory, proposed to be built inside the Agua Negra road tunnel that will connect Chile (IV Region) with Argentina (San Juan Province) under the Andes Mountains. The Laboratory will be 1750 meters under the rock, becoming the 3rd deepest underground laboratory of this kind in the world, and the first in the Southern Hemisphere. ANDES will be an international Laboratory, managed by a Latin American consortium. The laboratory will host experiments in Particle and Astroparticle Physics, such as Neutrino and Dark Matter searches, Seismology, Geology, Geophysics and Biology. It will also be used for the development of low background instrumentation and related services. Here we present the general features of the proposed laboratory, the current status of the proposal and some of its opportunities for science.

Redescripción y consideraciones biogeográfcas de dos especies de Scotobius (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae de ambientes montanos del centro de Argentina y Chile Redescription and biogeographic considerations of two species of Scotobius (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae from mountain environments of central Argentina and Chile

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Violeta A. Silvestro

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El género neotropical Scotobius Germar (Tenebrioninae: Scotobiini comprende 61 especies distribuidas desde el centro de Perú y sur de Brasil hasta el sur de Argentina y Chile. En este trabajo, revisamos dos especies de Scotobius que habitan el oeste de las provincias de San Juan, Mendoza y Neuquén (Argentina y en Chile central, a lo largo de la Cordillera de los Andes y las montañas extra-andinas en Argentina: S. punctatus Eschscholtz, 1831 y S. andrassyi Kaszab, 1969. Se proveen redescripciones utilizando nuevos caracteres morfológicos y se proporcionan fotografías de los adultos y de los pronotos. Se consigna la distribución geográfica, rangos altitudinales y las provincias biogeográficas en las que habitan estas especies. Se utiliza un modelo predictivo de distribución de especies para proponer hipótesis sobre los factores que influencian la distribución espacial y que explicarían la alopatría de ambas especies.The Neotropical genus Scotobius Germar (Tenebrioninae: Scotobiini comprises 61 species distributed from central Peru and southern Brazil to southern Argentine and Chile. In this contribution two species of Scotobius: S. punctatus Eschscholtz, 1831 and S. andrassyi Kaszab, 1969, that inhabit in western San Juan, Mendoza, and Neuquén provinces (Argentina and in central Chile, along the “Cordillera de los Andes” and extra-Andean mountains in Argentina, are revised. Redescriptions using new morphological data and photographs of habitus and pronota are provided. This article informs about the geographic distribution, altitudinal ranges and the biogeographic provinces that these species inhabit. A predictive model of species distribution is presented to propose hypothesis about the factors that influence the space distribution and the allopatry of these two species.

Desigualdad regional en el centro de México. Una exploración espacial de la productividad en el nivel municipal durante el período 1988-2003

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Marcos Valdivia López

2008-01-01

polarización económica entre regiones ricas (zona metropolitana de la ciudad de México y pobres (sur del Puebla, pero también ha experimentado el surgimiento de nuevas regiones, como la del corredor Puebla-Tlaxcala-Apizaco y el valle de Toluca. Otros estudios han detectado una reorganización territorial de la Región Centro a partir de la apertura comercial, a la que se le asocia un proceso de "desindustrialización" de la zona metropolitana de la Ciudad de México, así como una dinámica de consolidación de nuevas subregiones metropolitanas en la Región Centro. Con base en los resultados de este trabajo, se concluye que la reorganización territorial que ha experimentado la Región Centro, independientemente de sus causas, mantiene un importante componente de dependencia espacial y desigualdad regional de la productividad laboral de los municipios que forman la región.

Three trepanned skulls from the Copacabana Peninsula in the Titicaca Basin, Bolivia (800 BC-AD 1000).

Science.gov (United States)

Juengst, Sara L; Chávez, Sergio J

2015-06-01

This paper presents three trepanned skulls from the Copacabana Peninsula in the Titicaca Basin, dating from 800 BC to AD 1000. Trepanation has been practiced for two millennia in the Andes, with the earliest specimens coming from the coastal Paracas culture (circa 400 BC). Trepanned skulls have been found throughout the Andes, displaying a variety of techniques. This modification was practiced as surgical intervention after injury and treatment for headaches and other ailments, among other reasons (Verano, 2003: 234). With the exception of four examples from the Island of the Sun, few early cases of trepanation have been found in the Titicaca Basin of Peru and Bolivia. The three skulls presented here are important for several reasons: (1) they originate from a region under-represented in the literature on Andean trepanation, (2) they represent a variety of trepanation techniques, and (3) they confirm the practice of trepanation in the lake basin during the Early Horizon. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Globalización y reconfiguración en ciudades puerto de norte y sur América. Notas a partir de los casos de Miami y Buenos Aires.

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Camilo Arriagada Luco

2016-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo hace una revisión de la evolución de los centros y periferias de dos ciudades puerto del Atlántico de Norte y Sur américa, Miami y Buenos Aires, urbes que atravesaron sendos procesos de globalización económica a fines del siglo XX y auges inmobiliarios que coinciden en mostrar dos transformaciones posibles de la función y espacio urbano portuario empujados por el desarrollo del turismo y los servicios de la economía junto con problemas de gobernanza urbana asociados a la fragmentación. Ambas ciudades en procesos muy conectados al redesarrollo de sus centros de borde costero junto al movimiento de poblaciones hacia los suburbios, pero con tendencias sociales diferentes respecto a la situación inicial. En ambas se reorganizan las zonas de exclusión o segregación, que se mudan al suburbio en norteamérica y se consolidan o agravan en barrios obrero pericentrales del sur.

Facies volcánicas del depósito de avalancha de detritos del volcán Tata Sabaya, Andes Centrales Volcanic facies of the debris avalanche deposit of Tata Sabaya Volcano, Central Andes

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Benigno Godoy

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Las avalanchas de detritos, asociadas a colapsos parciales de edificios volcánicos, son fenómenos comunes en la evolución de un volcán. Este tipo de flujos son por inestabilidades, que pueden deberse a factores tales como la existencia de zonas afectadas por alteración hidrotermal, cambios climáticos, terremotos, intrusión de magmas en zonas superficiales (criptodomos y/o diques y/o movimiento de fallas bajo el edificio volcánico o cercanas a él. El producto final de estos flujos -denominado depósito de avalancha de detritos (DAD- presenta morfologías típicas de cerrillos y drenajes cerrados. En los Andes Centrales se han reconocido, al menos, 14 centros volcánicos con depósitos de avalancha asociados, entre los que está el volcán Tata Sabaya (Bolivia. El colapso que ha dado origen a este depósito podría haberse generado por una combinación de actividad sísmica y magmática en el volcán. El depósito asociado al colapso parcial de este volcán se distribuye sobre la parte baja del flanco sur del volcán y sobre la parte noroccidental de la cuenca del salar de Coipasa. Cubre una superficie de más de 230 km² y tiene un volumen estimado de 6±1 km³. Sobre la base de las composiciones litológicas, se ha establecido que el depósito está constituido por 6 tipos distintos de cerrillos, los cuales son: lávicos, piroclásticos, sedimentarios mixtos, brecha piroclástica y andesítico-basálticos. Considerando el tipo predominante de cerrillos y su distribución espacial dentro del depósito, se ha definido 6 facies diferentes (Facies de Bloques Toreva, Facies de Cerrillos Volcánicos, Facies Central, Facies de Cerrillos Sedimentarios, Facies Mixta y Facies de Cerrillos de Brecha Piroclástica. Tomando en cuenta la distribución espacial de estas facies, se propone la estructura del paleovolcán previa a su colapso parcial.Debris avalanches associated with partial sector collapse of volcanic edifices are common phenomena in the

Control of Established Gingivitis and Dental Plaque Using a 1450 ppm Fluoride/Zinc-based Dentifrice: A Randomized Clinical Study.

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Zhong, Y; Li, X; Hu, D Y; Mateo, L R; Morrison, B M; Delgado, E; Zhang, Y P

2015-01-01

To investigate the clinical efficacy in controlling established gingivitis and dental plaque of a 1450 ppm fluoride as sodium monofluorophosphate (SMFP)/zinc-based dentifrice, as compared to a zinc-free dentifrice with 1450 ppm fluoride as SMFP after six months product use. A six-month clinical study, with eighty-six (86) subjects, was conducted in Chengdu, China, using a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group treatment design. After a baseline evaluation, study subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two study treatments: 1) 1450 ppm fluoride as SMFP/zinc-based dentifrice (Test) or 2) 1450 ppm fluoride as SMFP/zinc-free dentifrice (Negative Control). Subjects were provided with a soft bristle toothbrush and brushed their teeth twice daily (morning and evening) for one minute with their assigned dentifrice. After three months, and again after six months of product use, subjects returned to the testing facility for their followup gingivitis and plaque examinations. Statistical analyses were performed separately for the gingivitis assessments and dental plaque assessments using the appropriate statistical methods. All statistical tests of hypotheses were two-sided, and employed a level of significance of α = 0.05. After three and six months of product use, subjects assigned to the Test treatment exhibited statistically significant (p gingival index and plaque index scores as compared to subjects assigned to the Negative Control treatment. The results of this single-center, double-blind, parallel-group and randomized clinical study support the conclusion that a 1450 ppm fluoride as SMFP/zinc-based dentifrice provides clinically meaningful and statistically significant reductions in gingivitis (23.8%) and dental plaque (22.5%) as compared to a 1450 ppm fluoride as SMFP/zinc-free dentifrice over a six-month period of twice-daily product use.

LOS CENTROS DE DESARROLLO CIENTÍFICO Y HUMANÍSTICO: REALIDAD O UTOPÍA CASO: ULA, LUZ, UNEFM

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Mercedes Carrasquero

1999-07-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta un estudio sobre la característica y particularidades de los centros de desarrollo científicos y humanístico (CDCH de la Universidad de los Andes, Universidad del Zulia y la Universidad Nacional Experimental "francisco de Mirando". Dado que la universidad es la casa de la sociedad, tiene el deber insoluble de participar en el desarrollo económico, social, cultural, político y tecnológico nacional y regional. De allí urge la necesidad de visualizar dentro de un escenario que promocione la actividad científica y académica articulada a las exigencias y requerimientos de la sociedad. Por eso se impone una revisión de las condiciones actuales e inmediatas futuras de los CDCH a objeto de potenciar sus fortalezas y oportunidades y atender con prontitud sus debilidades y amenazas.

Rock Glacier Response to Climate Change in the Argentinian Andes

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Drewes, J.; Korup, O.; Moreiras, S.

2017-12-01

Rock glaciers are bodies of frozen debris and ice that move under the influence of gravity in permafrost areas. Rock glaciers may store a large amount of sediments and play an important role as prime movers of debris in the Andean sediment cascade. However, little is known about how much sediment and water rock glaciers may store at the mountain-belt scale, and the few existing estimates vary considerably. We address this question for the Argentinian Andes, for which a new glacial inventory containing more than 6500 rock glaciers gives us the opportunity to analyse their relevance within the sediment cascade. We examine the inventory for catchments in five sub-regions, i.e. the Desert Andes (22°-31°S); the Central Andes (31°-36°S); the Northern Andes of Patagonia (36°-45°S); the Southern Andes of Patagonia (45°-52°S); and Tierra del Fuego (52°-55°S), together with climate variables of the WorldClim datasets, and digital topographic data, to estimate how rock-glacier extents may change under different past and future climate scenarios. We observe for the northern Desert Andes that rock glacier toes are at 4000 to 5000 m a.s.l. and a mean annual temperature range of 3° and 8°C, though most rock glaciers are in areas with mean annual temperatures between -5 and 5°C, marking a distinct thermal niche. Rock glaciers are traditionally viewed as diagnostic of sporadic alpine permafrost and their toes are often near the annual mean 0°C isotherm. However, we find that only rock glaciers in the southern Desert Andes and Central Andes are located where annual mean temperature is -2°C. Future scenarios project an increase of > four degrees in these areas, which may further degrade ground ice and potentially change the rates at which rock glaciers advance. Where active rock glaciers become inactive their coarse material, which was formerly bound by ice, may be released into the sediment cascade, whereas accelerating or rapidly downwasting rock glaciers may either

Investigating Crustal Scale Fault Systems Controlling Volcanic and Hydrothermal Fluid Processes in the South-Central Andes, First Results from a Magnetotelluric Survey

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Pearce, R.; Mitchell, T. M.; Moorkamp, M.; Araya, J.; Cembrano, J. M.; Yanez, G. A.; Hammond, J. O. S.

2017-12-01

At convergent plate boundaries, volcanic orogeny is largely controlled by major thrust fault systems that act as magmatic and hydrothermal fluid conduits through the crust. In the south-central Andes, the volcanically and seismically active Tinguiririca and Planchon-Peteroa volcanoes are considered to be tectonically related to the major El Fierro thrust fault system. These large scale reverse faults are characterized by 500 - 1000m wide hydrothermally altered fault cores, which possess a distinct conductive signature relative to surrounding lithology. In order to establish the subsurface architecture of these fault systems, such conductivity contrasts can be detected using the magnetotelluric method. In this study, LEMI fluxgate-magnetometer long-period and Metronix broadband MT data were collected at 21 sites in a 40km2 survey grid that surrounds this fault system and associated volcanic complexes. Multi-remote referencing techniques is used together with robust processing to obtain reliable impedance estimates between 100 Hz and 1,000s. Our preliminary inversion results provide evidence of structures within the 10 - 20 km depth range that are attributed to this fault system. Further inversions will be conducted to determine the approximate depth extent of these features, and ultimately provide constraints for future geophysical studies aimed to deduce the role of these faults in volcanic orogeny and hydrothermal fluid migration processes in this region of the Andes.

Steady-state exhumation pattern in the central Andes SE Peru

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Ruiz, G.M.H.; Carlotto, V.; van Heiningen, P.S.; Andriessen, P.A.M.

2009-01-01

The Western Cordillera of SE Peru is part of the Central Andes and is situated to the west of the Eastern Andes from which it is separated by the northern termination of the Altiplano - the Inter-Andean Valley. It is a volcanic-volcano-detrital chain that developed in the Palaeogene, and is

DETERMINACIÓN DE UNA TIPOLOGÍA DE RIESGOS EN FUNCIÓN DEL ORDENAMIENTO TERRITORIAL DEL MUNICIPIO DE CENTRO HABANA (CUBA

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Miguel Ángel Sánchez Celada

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Este artículo determina una tipología de riesgos para el municipio de Centro Habana, ubicado en la parte norte central de la provincia La Habana, la misma puede ser una herramienta para los decisores y planificadores, al permitir identificar zonas prioritarias de intervención. Se definen los peligros que afectan a este territorio, vinculándolos con la vulnerabilidad estructural de su patrimonio construido, estableciendo que los peligros principales son las inundaciones marinas en el litoral norte, las inundaciones pluviales al sur y el peligro de derrumbe de los inmuebles en todo el espacio estudiado.

Distribución y fuentes de fitoesteroles en sedimentos costeros y de ríos del centro-sur de Chile

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Luisa Saavedra

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Los fitoesteroles son potenciales disruptores endocrinos. Se cuantificaron fitoesteroles en sedimentos de cuatro zonas costeras y dos ríos en el centro-sur de Chile. Se determinó la concentración de esteroles utilizando cromatografía de gas con espectrómetro de masa y las fuentes de materia orgánica sedimentaria se determinaron utilizando proporciones de esteroles y biomarcadores lipídicos. Las concentraciones de esteroles totales (0,03 a 10,4 μg g-1 se encuentran dentro del rango informado para otros ecosistemas marinos y la concentración de β-sitosterol (0,01 a 2,01 μg g-1 fue menor que la previamente informada para el sistema de surgencia de Perú. Algunas estaciones costeras adyacentes a los ríos presentaron β-sitosterol de origen terrestre. Además se encontró una alta concentración de este compuesto en sedimentos de estaciones más oceánicas, confirmando que este esterol también puede ser producido por fitoplancton. Al considerar la concentración y presencia-ausencia de esteroles en sedimentos, no fue posible encontrar diferencias significativas entre las cuatro áreas costeras. Sin embargo, se obtuvo una clara diferencia entre las áreas costeras y los ríos, así como entre ambos ríos. Considerando todas las estaciones y utilizando diferentes biomarcadores del origen de la materia orgánica, se encontraron algunas áreas con clara influencia terrestre, donde se asume que la fuente de origen de los fitoesteroles (especialmente β-sitosterol podrían ser las plantas vasculares. El río BioBío y su desembocadura poseen una amplia diversidad de esteroles y lípidos, y altos niveles de colesterol y epicholestanol, los que estarían posiblemente relacionados a la presencia de efluentes domésticos provenientes de grandes ciudades. No se observaron claros patrones espaciales entre la ubicación de las industrias de celulosa y la concentración de β-sitosterol en sedimentos, excepto para una estación ubicada en el golfo de

Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes.

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De-Silva, Donna Lisa; Elias, Marianne; Willmott, Keith; Mallet, James; Day, Julia J

2016-01-01

Despite the greatest butterfly diversity on Earth occurring in the Neotropical Andes and Amazonia, there is still keen debate about the origins of this exceptional biota. A densely sampled calibrated phylogeny for a widespread butterfly subtribe, Oleriina (Nymphalidae: Ithomiini) was used to estimate the origin, colonization history and diversification of this species-rich group. Neotropics. Ancestral elevation and biogeographical ranges were reconstructed using data generated from detailed range maps and applying the dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis model using stratified palaeogeographical time slice matrices. The pattern of diversification through time was examined by comparing constant and variable rate models. We also tested the hypothesis that a change in elevation is associated with speciation. The Oleriina likely originated in the Andes in the Early to Middle Miocene and rapidly diversified to include four genera all of which also originated in the Andes. These clades, together with four species groups, experienced varying spatial and temporal patterns of diversification. An overall early burst and decreasing diversification rate is identified, and this pattern is reflected for most subclades. Changes in the palaeogeological landscape, particularly the prolonged uplift of the Andes, had a profound impact on the diversification of the subtribe. The Oleriina mostly remained within the Andes and vicariant speciation resulted in some instances. Dynamic dispersal occurred with the disappearance of geological barriers such as the Acre System and the subtribe exploited newly available habitats. Our results confirm the role of the Andean uplift in the evolution of Neotropical biodiversity.

Un centro ceremonial formativo en el Alto Piura

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1989-01-01

Full Text Available Les recherches menées depuis 1986 sur le site de Cerro Ñañañique (Chulucanas, département de Piura ont permis l'étude et la caractérisation d'un complexe cérémoniel qui fut édifié et occupé entre le X ème et V ème siècles avant notre ère. On a pu reconnaître plusieurs phases de construction et d'agrandissement du site, organisé suivant un plan général en U. Des traditions céramiques d'origines et de styles différents -dont on peut suivre l'évolution tant du point de vue des formes et techniques décoratives qu'en ce qui concerne l'iconographie, particulièrement variée- sont présentes contemporainement sur le site. L'ensemble de ces données, nouvelles pour la zone d'étude, ainsi que l'analyse comparative des vestiges et restes matériels, prouvent l'existence de contacts et de relations avec l'ensemble des régions environnantes et tout particulièrement l'intégration du Haut Piura aux systèmes idéologiques et religieux plus méridionaux. L'implantation du site pourrait être liée à sa situation géographique, à la croisée d'une voie d'échange entre populations côtières, andines et amazoniennes et d'un chemin nord-sud facilitant les contacts entre la côte nord péruvienne et la côte et les Andes équatoriennes. Son occupation paraît témoigner d'une situation originale -caractérisée par la présence de représentants de plusieurs traditions culturelles- qui se maintiendra et singularisera également ce secteur du Haut Piura durant les époques postérieures. Las investigaciones realizadas desde 1986 en el sitio de Cerro Ñañañique (Chulucanas, departamento de Piura, han permitido el estudio y la caracterización de un complejo ceremonial, edificado y ocupado entre los siglos X y V antes de nuestra era. Se ha reconocido varias fases de construcción y ampliación del conjunto, según un plan general en U. Están presentes contemporáneamente en el sitio varias tradiciones cerámicas de orígenes y

Litterfall, litter decomposition and nitrogen mineralization in old-growth evergreen and secondary deciduous Nothofagus forests in south-central Chile Aporte, descomposición de hojarasca y mineralización de nitrógeno en bosques siempreverdes de antiguo crecimiento y bosques secundarios deciduos, centro-sur de Chile

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JEROEN STAELENS

2011-03-01

mineralization rates in the present study.Los ecosistemas forestales del sur de Chile presentan un gran valor ecológico pues constituyen una de las mayores áreas del hemisferio Sur con existencias de bosques templados lluviosos. Están sometidos a procesos de deforestación, invasión de especies exóticas, fragmentación e incremento de depositación de nitrógeno (N atmosférico. Para apoyar su manejo sustentable se requiere de mayor conocimiento en el ciclo de nutrientes de estos ecosistemas. Se estudia la dinámica de nutrientes en cuatro sitios de bosques lluviosos valdivianos de la precordillera de los Andes, centro-sur de Chile: un bosque siempreverde de antiguo crecimiento prístino y otro alterado, un bosque caducifolio secundario con manejo silvícola y otro sin. Durante el período octubre 2002 -septiembre 2006, se estimaron (i masa de la hojarasca (cuatro años y contenido de nutrientes de la hojarasca (un año, (ii descomposición y dinámica de nutrientes de hojarasca (un año y de la corteza de Saxegothaea conspicua, y (iii mineralización neta de nitrógeno (N-min en el suelo in situ (un año. El aporte de hojarasca en los cuatro sitios fluctúa desde 3.5 hasta 5.8 ton ha-1 año-1, y es temporalmente menor en bosque caducifolio manejado, respecto del caducifolio sin manejo. Además, presentan una estacionalidad en los siempreverdes que es diferente, respecto de los deciduos. La hojarasca se descompone más rápidamente (promedio 32 % pérdida de masa después de un año que la corteza (8 %, pero no se presentaron diferencias significativas en la hojarasca. El N neto en la hojarasca de los bosques siempreverdes disminuye durante la descomposición, pero se incrementa en la hojarasca de los deciduos. La N-mineralización neta del suelo fue completa en el bosque siempreverde prístino, intermedia en los bosques deciduos y el más baja en el bosque siempreverde alterado. Dada la ausencia de réplicas en las parcelas, no puede ser demostrado el impacto definido del

Compositional data supports decentralized model of production and circulation of artifacts in the pre-Columbian south-central Andes.

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Lazzari, Marisa; Pereyra Domingorena, Lucas; Stoner, Wesley D; Scattolin, María Cristina; Korstanje, María Alejandra; Glascock, Michael D

2017-05-16

The circulation and exchange of goods and resources at various scales have long been considered central to the understanding of complex societies, and the Andes have provided a fertile ground for investigating this process. However, long-standing archaeological emphasis on typological analysis, although helpful to hypothesize the direction of contacts, has left important aspects of ancient exchange open to speculation. To improve understanding of ancient exchange practices and their potential role in structuring alliances, we examine material exchanges in northwest Argentina (part of the south-central Andes) during 400 BC to AD 1000 (part of the regional Formative Period), with a multianalytical approach (petrography, instrumental neutron activation analysis, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) to artifacts previously studied separately. We assess the standard centralized model of interaction vs. a decentralized model through the largest provenance database available to date in the region. The results show: ( i ) intervalley heterogeneity of clays and fabrics for ordinary wares; ( ii ) intervalley homogeneity of clays and fabrics for a wide range of decorated wares (e.g., painted Ciénaga); ( iii ) selective circulation of two distinct polychrome wares (Vaquerías and Condorhuasi); ( iv ) generalized access to obsidian from one major source and various minor sources; and ( v ) selective circulation of volcanic rock tools from a single source. These trends reflect the multiple and conflicting demands experienced by people in small-scale societies, which may be difficult to capitalize by aspiring elites. The study undermines centralized narratives of exchange for this period, offering a new platform for understanding ancient exchange based on actual material transfers, both in the Andes and beyond.

Litterfall production under pine plantations in the southern Andes region of Ecuador

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Pablo Quichimbo

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Litterfall research is an interesting aspect in environmental studies due to its significance in nutrient cycling specially in regions like the Andes where the interactions between biomass production and its decomposition is poorly understood. This study is focusing in the litterfall biomass production under pine plantations in southern Ecuador. The litterfall production was studied for five months at two-week intervals in three pine forest sites located in the southern Andes region of Ecuador. Monthly litterfall production ranged between 1067-1907 kg ha-1, in comparison with other coniferous stands around the world, this study revealed a higher litterfall production for tropical areas and particularly the highest production under pine plantations in the Andes region. This high litterfall production highlights the upmost importance of this forest component as a potential nutrient reservoir involved in the global nutrient cycling under landscapes dominated by this exotic forest specie in the tropical Andes.

Intraseasonal variability of organized convective systems in the Central Andes: Relationship to Regional Dynamical Features

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Mohr, K. I.; Slayback, D. A.; Nicholls, S.; Yager, K.

2013-12-01

The Andes extend from the west coast of Colombia (10N) to the southern tip of Chile (53S). In southern Peru and Bolivia, the Central Andes is split into separate eastern and western cordilleras, with a high plateau (≥ 3000 m), the Altiplano, between them. Because 90% of the Earth's tropical mountain glaciers are located in the Central Andes, our study focuses on this region, defining its zonal extent as 7S-21S and the meridional extent as the terrain 1000 m and greater. Although intense convection occurs during the wet season in the Altiplano, it is not included in the lists of regions with frequent or the most intense convection. The scarcity of in-situ observations with sufficient density and temporal resolution to resolve individual storms or even mesoscale-organized cloud systems and documented biases in microwave-based rainfall products in poorly gauged mountainous regions have impeded the development of an extensive literature on convection and convective systems in this region. With the tropical glaciers receding at unprecedented rates, leaving seasonal precipitation as an increasingly important input to the water balance in alpine valley ecosystems and streams, understanding the nature and characteristics of the seasonal precipitation becomes increasingly important for the rural economies in this region. Previous work in analyzing precipitation in the Central Andes has emphasized interannual variability with respect to ENSO, this is the first study to focus on shorter scale variability with respect to organized convection. The present study took advantage of the University of Utah's Precipitation Features database compiled from 14 years of TRMM observations (1998-2012), supplemented by field observations of rainfall and streamflow, historical gauge data, and long-term WRF-simulations, to analyze the intraseasonal variability of precipitating systems and their relationship regional dynamical features such as the Bolivian High. Through time series and

Charles Darwin in the Andes

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Bizzo, Nelio; Bizzo, Luis Eduardo Maestrelli

2006-01-01

Considering geological time as an important epistemological obstacle to the construction of ideas on biological evolution, a study was carried out on the so-called "Darwin Papers". The conclusion was that Charles Darwin's excursion in the Andes during March-April 1835 was a crucial step in this regard. An expedition was carried out in…

Is tourism damaging ecosystems in the Andes? Current knowledge and an agenda for future research.

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Barros, Agustina; Monz, Christopher; Pickering, Catherine

2015-03-01

Despite the popularity of tourism and recreation in the Andes in South America and the regions conservation value, there is limited research on the ecological impacts of these types of anthropogenic use. Using a systematic quantitative literature review method, we found 47 recreation ecology studies from the Andes, 25 of which used an experimental design. Most of these were from the Southern Andes in Argentina (13 studies) or Chile (eight studies) with only four studies from the Northern Andes. These studies documented a range of impacts on vegetation, birds and mammals; including changes in plant species richness, composition and vegetation cover and the tolerance of wildlife of visitor use. There was little research on the impacts of visitors on soils and aquatic systems and for some ecoregions in the Andes. We identify research priorities across the region that will enhance management strategies to minimise visitor impacts in Andean ecosystems.

Elevational Shifts in the Topographic Position of Polylepis Forest Stands in the Andes of Southern Peru

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Johanna M. Toivonen

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The patchy distribution of high-Andean treeline forests has provoked discussion about the relative importance of anthropogenic and climatic causes of this pattern, both of which vary with topography. We aimed to understand the topographic controls on the distribution of Polylepis subsericans treeline forests in the Andes of southern Peru, and the changes in these controls along an elevational gradient. We mapped Polylepis forests in the Cordillera Urubamba, Cusco, using high-resolution aerial images and related forest cover to topographic variables extracted from a digital terrain model (30-m resolution. The variables were selected based on their expected biological relevance for tree growth at high elevations. We constructed logistic regression models of forest cover, separately for each of five 100-m elevational belts. To deal with spatial autocorrelation, models were based on randomized 10% subsampling of the data with 1000 repetitions. The results suggest a consistent shift in topographic preference with elevation, with forests at lower elevations showing a preference for topographically protected sites near rivers and forests at higher elevations being increasingly restricted to north-facing and well-drained sites. Our study offers the first indication of the ability of Andean treeline forests to benefit from the topographic heterogeneity of the high-Andes. Providing that dispersal and establishment are possible, local relocation between microsites could help these forests to persist regionally in spite of changing climatic conditions.

Desigualdad regional en el centro de México. Una exploración espacial de la productividad en el nivel municipal durante el período 1988-2003

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Marcos Valdivia López

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Este ensayo estudia la productividad laboral de la Región Centro de México en el nivel municipal utilizando una serie de técnicas no paramétricas y espaciales de uso recurrente en la literatura de la economía espacial. En particular, se mide la autocorrelación espacial de la productividad laboral y se adoptan enfoques espaciales para estudiar los cambios intradistribucionales de la productividad. Los resultados empíricos indican que la productividad de los municipios de la Región Centro muestra marcadas disparidades locales y dependencia espacial. Al definir las subregiones por medio de la autocorrelación espacial de la productividad, se encuentra que la Región Centro de México ha mantenido desde la apertura comercial una notable polarización económica entre regiones ricas (zona metropolitana de la ciudad de México y pobres (sur del Puebla, pero también ha experimentado el surgimiento de nuevas regiones, como la del corredor Puebla-Tlaxcala-Apizaco y el valle de Toluca. Otros estudios han detectado una reorganización territorial de la Región Centro a partir de la apertura comercial, a la que se le asocia un proceso de “desindustrialización” de la zona metropolitana de la Ciudad de México, así como una dinámica de consolidación de nuevas subregiones metropolitanas en la Región Centro. Con base en los resultados de este trabajo, se concluye que la reorganización territorial que ha experimentado la Región Centro, independientemente de sus causas, mantiene un importante componente de dependencia espacial y desigualdad regional de la productividad laboral de los municipios que forman la región.

Bulletin of Materials Science | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Laboratorio de Cristalografía, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela; Centro de Estudios de Semiconductores, Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela; Laboratorio de Análisis Químico y Estructural, ...

Hábitos de consumo del estudiante universitario. El caso del Centro Universitario del Sur, de la Universidad de Guadalajara

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María Cristina López de la Madrid

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Cuando se ingresa a la educación superior, tanto los padres de familia como los estudiantes, tienen una idea básica sobre los gastos que deberán de cubrir en los próximos años; sin embargo, la mayoría tendrá necesidades que no había contemplado, lo que puede generar un desequilibrio económico en el presupuesto familiar. Para conocer los hábitos de consumo y gasto de los alumnos del nivel superior, se realizó una investigación que contempló aspectos generales como: características de los estudiantes, ingreso y egreso mensual, rubros de gasto y cobertura de servicios. Método: El estudio fue transversal, con la aplicación de una encuesta a una muestra estratificada y estadísticamente confiable de alumnos del Centro Universitario del Sur, de la Universidad de Guadalajara. La encuesta se aplicó a través de Facebook y correo electrónico, y se recabaron 2,201 encuestas. Para su validación, se aplicó una prueba piloto a 84 estudiantes, mismos que respondieron un cuestionario anexo para evaluar claridad, pertinencia, orden de las preguntas y redacción. Para medir la consistencia interna, se calculó el Alfa de Cronbach, obteniendo un valor de .904, considerándose altamente confiable. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos señalan que hay una diversidad de gastos que los alumnos tienen que realizar en el transcurso de su carrera; hay una disparidad entre el ingreso que reciben y el gasto que realizan mensualmente. Los rubros en los que gastan la mayoría de los estudiantes fueron alimentación, transporte y materiales de estudio, y en los que menos gastan fueron telefonía fija, actividades de cultura y arte, y deportes, que en su mayoría son gratuitos. Discusión o Conclusión: Los estudiantes señalaron que al inicio de su carrera, desconocían los diferentes rubros en los que tenían que gastar como universitarios. Consideran que en general, Ciudad Guzmán cuenta con los servicios básicos suficientes para atender a sus

Procesos de desarrollo institucional de un centro escolar. Una aproximación biográfico-narrativa

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Jesús DOMINGO SEGOVIA

2009-11-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: Este trabajo muestra los procesos de desarrollo de un centro escolar innovador, referidos al ciclo de vida de la organización y a la construcción de una cultura de la colaboración. Se analizan cómo se originan y mantienen sus elementos culturales, circunstancias que han influido en su dinámica, cómo los miembros perciben a la organización desde su memoria colectiva, etc.; para comprender el presente desde la reconstrucción del pasado y como base para proyectar acciones futuras. El estudio se realiza desde un enfoque biográfico-narrativo, particularmente por las historias de vida, mediante una profundización sucesiva en las narraciones, contextualización, triangulación en un relato polifónico. Realizamos una descripción «densa» de los siguientes elementos: Momentos y fases críticas de desarrollo, relaciones micropolíticas en la organización, desarrollo de la cultura y memoria organizativa. Se describen las etapas del ciclo de desarrollo del centro, destacando la construcción de una cultura de trabajo colaborativo, como principal innovación.ABSTRACT: This issue schows the developing-processes of an innovatingschool- centre, focusing on the organization-life-cycle and on the shaping of a collaboration- culture. We analyse how their cultural elements are originated and kept, the circumstances that have influenced their dynamics and how members grasp the organization from their collective memory, etc., in order to understand the past and as base to plan future actions. The study is carried out from a narrative-biographical focus, mainly through life-stories and through a succesive deepening into the narratives, contextualization and triangle-frame in a poliphonic report. We make a «thick» description of the following elements: moments and critical developing-phases micropolitical relations inside the organization, development of culture and organizational memory. The stages of the school-developing-cycle are described

Las sociedades anónimas cruzan los Andes: los inversores chilenos en Neuquén al comenzar el siglo XX

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Graciela Blanco

2012-08-01

Full Text Available El territorio de Neuquén, en el norte de la Patagonia, atrajo la mirada de diversos inversores privados a partir del avance militar que realizó el Estado nacional sobre los grupos indígenas y de la conquista de las tierras del sur argentino; tierras que fueron ofrecidas a particulares en propiedad o arrendamiento en condiciones muy beneficiosas. Este trabajo analiza la conformación en Chile, en los primeros años del siglo XX, de sociedades anónimas que explicitaban como objetivo central la intención de comprar tierras a ambos lados de la Cordillera de los Andes para la explotación agroganadera y la comercialización, y estudia específicamente el origen, itinerario y organización productiva de una de esas sociedades en Neuquén.Neuquen territory, in the north of the Patagonia, attracted the look of diverse investors after from the military advance that realized the national State on the indigenous groups and of the conquest of the lands of the Argentine's south, lands that were offered to individuals in property or lease in very beneficial conditions. This work analyzes the conformation in Chile, in the first years of the 20th century, of joint-stock companies that stated explicitly as central aim the intention of buying lands on both sides of the Mountain chain of the Andes for the agricultural and livestock exploitation and the commercialization, and there studies specifically the origin, itinerary and productive organization of one of these companies in Neuquen.

AVALIAÇÃO DA POLÍTICA DE SAÚDE MENTAL A PARTIR DOS PROJETOS TERAPÊUTICOS DE CENTROS DE ATENÇÃO PSICOSSOCIAL

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Vanda Maria da Rosa Jardim

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la política de salud mental a través del análisis de los proyectos terapéuticos de Centros de Atención Psicosocial. Se basa en una investigación cualitativa realizada en 2006, a partir de documentos fundamentales en el proceso de planificación y gestión de la política de salud mental, teniendo en cuenta veintiún proyectos terapéuticos de Centros de Atención Psicosocial de la región Sur de Brasil, los cuales fueron sometidos a un análisis documental cualitativo por temas. Se concluye que en el conjunto de documentos analizados, existen propuestas especialmente alineadas a los presupuestos de la reforma psiquiátrica, y otros que, más allá de las contradicciones habituales de un proceso en construcción, presentan un discurso autoritario, disciplinante y contrario, inclusive, a los presupuestos del aparato normativo del modo de atención Psicosocial.

Les flux de matières dissoutes et particulaires des Andes de Bolivie vers le rio Madeira en Amazonie brésilienne

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1995-01-01

Full Text Available Le Rio Madeira est le principal affluent méridional de l’Amazone et le deuxième tributaire andin du bassin. L’utilisation des données obtenues en Bolivie par le PHICAB (1, et au Brésil sur le réseau du DNAEE (2, a permis de suivre l’évolution des flux de matières dissoutes et particulaires, depuis les Andes jusqu’à l’Amazone. Les flux de matières en solution [36 106 t an-1 à Villabella (3] augmentent progressivement d’amont en aval avec les débits. Les flux de matières en suspension diminuent du piedmont andin jusqu’à Villabella (258 106 t an-1 du fait d’une forte sédimentation. Ensuite, les différences notables observées au Brésil posent clairement le problème des modes d’échantillonnage et de calcul des flux sédimentaires. LOS FLUJOS DE MATERIA DISUELTA Y PARTICULAR DESDE LOS ANDES DE BOLIVIA HASTA EL RÍO MADEIRA EN EL AMAZONAS DE BRASIL. El río Madeira es el principal afluente meridional del Amazonas, y el segundo tributario andino de la cuenca. La utilización de los datos obtenidos en Bolivia por el PHICAB (1, y en el Brasil sobre la red del DNAEE (2 permite conocer la evolución de los flujos de materia disuelta y particular, desde los Andes hasta el Amazonas. Los aportes en materia disuelta [36 106 t año-1 en Villabella (3] aumentan progresivamente de aguas arriba para aguas abajo, con el caudal. Los flujos de materias en suspensión disminuyen desde el Piedemonte hasta Villabella (258 106 t año-1 por causa de una fuerte sedimentación. Después, las diferencias notables observadas en el Brasil colocan claramente el problema de los tipos de muestreo y de cálculo de los flujos de sedimentos. THE DISSOLVED AND SEDIMENT YIELDS FROM THE ANDES OF BOLIVIA TO THE MADEIRA RIVER IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON. The Madeira river is the main Southern tributary of the Amazon, and the second Andean tributary of the drainage basin. The use of Bolivian data from the PHICAB (1, and Brazilian data from the DNAEE (2, allow to

Treatment of inflammatory facial acne vulgaris with combination 595-nm pulsed-dye laser with dynamic-cooling-device and 1,450-nm diode laser.

Science.gov (United States)

Glaich, Adrienne S; Friedman, Paul M; Jih, Ming H; Goldberg, Leonard H

2006-03-01

The 585-nm pulsed-dye laser and the 1,450-nm diode laser have been found effective for the treatment of mild-to-moderate inflammatory facial acne. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combined treatment with the 595-nm pulsed-dye laser and the 1,450-nm diode laser for inflammatory facial acne. Fifteen patients with inflammatory facial acne were treated with a combination of the 595-nm pulsed-dye laser and the 1,450-nm diode laser. Patients' subjective response to treatment was evaluated regarding improvement in acne, acne scarring, oiliness, and redness of the skin. All patients had reductions in acne lesion counts. Mean lesion counts decreased 52% (P < 0.01), 63% (P < 0.01), and 84% (P < 0.01) after one, two, and three treatments, respectively. Patients described moderate-to-marked improvement in acne, acne scarring, and post-inflammatory erythema. Adverse effects were limited to mild, transient erythema. The combination of the 595-nm pulsed-dye laser and the 1,450-nm diode laser is safe and effective for the treatment of inflammatory facial acne, acne scarring, and post-inflammatory erythema. 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

New ICT in the Peruvian Andes: Theoretical Foundation and Bibliographical Balance

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Mario Sánchez-Dávila

2016-04-01

Full Text Available On the one hand, this paper explains the theoretical foundations on which this proposal for digital anthropology in the Peruvian Andes is based (on the origins of digital anthropology, discussions on oral and written technology, and theories of digital technology as social practice. And, on the other hand, this paper presents a bibliographical balance of the studies on the new ICT in the Peruvian Andes (on identity expression, productive development and formal education in the Andean world.

Ecología y ocupación del espacio en los Andes Tropicales durante los últimos veinte milenios

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1973-01-01

Full Text Available Les Andes tropicales sont constituées par un ensemble de facettes écologiques dont le nombre est fonction du volume montagneux, du régime thermique a la base, de la diversité des modelés, du stock floristique, des effets de façade et d'abri, des modalités d'utilisation de l'espace. L'utilisation de ces facettes par les sociétés d'abord non agricoles, ensuite agricoles, a été très différente. Dans cette zone climatique les changements du climat au cours du Quaternaire ont moins affecté le milieu qu'aux latitudes moyennes, a l'exception des cotes touchées par les variations eustatiques. Aussi, une remarque importante est la constance de l'habitat au cours des 20 derniers millénaires, variant cependant en fonction des diverses facettes écologiques dont le comportement était différent suivant les modifications climatiques. Les glaciations dans les Andes sont relativement synchrones de celles des montagnes des latitudes moyennes, au moins pour le Quaternaire récent elles seraient dues a une meilleure distribution des précipitations au cours de l'année, a une nébulosité plus constante et a un abaissement des températures compris entre 5 et 9º. Les avancées glaciaires entre 20.000 et 16.000 et 14.000 et 10.000 ans BP ont eu des conséquences diverses suivant les milieux humides ou secs et les effets de dominance (en général glace au dessus de 4.000 m mais, jusque vers 2.900 m en Colombie et seulement 4.800 m dans les Andes sèches. Des processus périglaciaires se développent sur 1.000-1.500 m en contrebas dans les Andes sèches alors qu'ils n'affectent qu'une marge très étroite dans les Andes humides (500 m. L'englacement n'a jamais constitué une coupure dans la circulation N-S dans les Andes. Si la haute montagne entre 5 et 10º S était difficilement franchissable, les vallées et bassins intra andins situés entre 1.500 et 3.400 m étaient tièdes, avec une humidité mieux répartie durant l'année, moins secs qu

Notas acerca de los dispositivos de poder en la sociedad colonial-fronteriza, la resistencia y la transculturación de los reche-mapuches del Centro-Sur de Chile (XVI-XVIII

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Boccara, Guillaume

1996-12-01

Full Text Available The mapuche or Araucanians of South-Center Chile are famous for their ferocious and plurisecular resistance to the Spanish invader. This traditional image of the indomitable, brave and warrior Indian and the vision of the Colony as a permanent period of war have been criticated by the Estudios Fronterizos. This historical movement who emerged in Chile at the beginning of the 1980's proposed a new interpretation of the «encounter» between Spanish and southern indigenous people in order to take into account the pacifical contacts and the frontier relationships. Nevertheless, we will demonstrate that in their will to escape from the warfare paradigm, the Estudios Fronterizos have made another mistake which consists to speak about peace when it seems more appropriate to see transformations into the power devices. What is more, we will understand that their ethnocentrical point of view impeded them to see one of the most important concequence of the conquest: the emergence of a new ethnical group and the construction of a new mapuche identity through a long process of ethnogenesis which changed the reche of the 16th century into the mapuche of the 18th century.

Los mapuche o araucanos del centro-sur de Chile son célebres por la plurisecular resistencia que opusieron al invasor español en su voluntad de dominar la frontera sur del Tahuantinsuyu. Esta imagen tradicional del indio indómito, valiente y guerrero y de la Colonia como período de guerra permanente ha sido objeto de crítica por parte de los Estudios Fronterizos. Esta corriente historiográfica propuso una nueva visión del «encuentro» hispano-indígena que tomara en cuenta las relaciones fronterizas. Se muestra, sin embargo, que en su afán de escapar al paradigma de la guerra permanente, esta corriente ha caído en otro escollo que consiste en hablar de paz cuando parece más ajustado hablar de cambios en los dispositivos de poder, y asimismo ha dejado

7 CFR 1000.91-1000.92 - [Reserved

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 9 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true [Reserved] 1000.91-1000.92 Section 1000.91-1000.92 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing... Miscellaneous Provisions §§ 1000.91-1000.92 [Reserved] ...

Glacier shrinkage and water resources in the Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Francou, Bernard; Coudrain, Anne

For more than a century glaciers around the world have been melting as air temperatures rise due to a combination of natural processes and human activity. The disappearance of these glaciers can have wide-ranging effects, such as the creation of new natural hazards or changes in stream flow that could threaten water suppliesSome of the most dramatic melting has occurred in the Andes mountain range in South America. To highlight the climatic and glacial change in the Andes and to encourage the scientific community to strengthen the glacier observation network that stretches from Colombia to the Patagonian ice fields, the Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales (INRENA), Perú, and the Institute of Research and Development (IRD), France, recently organized the second Symposium on Mass Balance of Andean Glaciers in Huaráz,Perú.

A Million-Year Record of Glaciation in the Tropical Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, J. A.; Seltzer, G. O.; Rodbell, D. T.; Farber, D. L.; Finkel, R. C.

2004-12-01

We present a longterm record of glaciation in the tropical Andes based on cosmogenic dating (10Be) of boulders on moraines. Well-preserved moraines in deglaciated valleys bordering the Junin Plain in central Peru ( ˜11° S, 76° W, 4000 m) were deposited during several glacial cycles extending back more than one million years before present (1 Myr BP). The presence of boulders with zero-erosion 10Be exposure ages >1 Myr constrains boulder erosion rates to relatively low values. For boulders at high altitudes, however, even low boulder erosion rates (0.3 to 0.5 m/Myr) make calculated old exposure ages markedly older [e.g., ˜20% older for a zero-erosion age of 400,000 10Be years (400 10Be kyr)]. Exposure ages recalculated with boulder erosion rates of 0.3 m/Myr straddle interglacial marine isotope stage (MIS) 11 ( ˜430-390 kyr BP), fall within glacial MIS 12 ( ˜480-430 kyr BP), but skip over glacial MIS 16 ( ˜670-630 kyr BP), perhaps the largest ice volume of the past 2 Myr. Increasing the erosion rate used in the calculations to 0.5 m/Myr moves ages into both MIS 11 and MIS 16. If we assume that the older Andean glaciations were indeed synchronous with global ice volume, our data suggest that boulder preservation cannot be treated as a simple linear process. Conversely, the data may be suggesting correctly that glaciation of the tropical Andes was not synchronous with the global glaciations as inferred from the marine isotope record. Our chronology for the last glacial maximum (LGM) in the region supports the idea of asynchrony between the global ice volume record and the terrestrial record of glaciation in the tropical Andes. The LGM in the Junin region of Peru and in the Cordillera Real of Bolivia (16° S 68° W) occurred ˜34 to 22 10Be kyr BP and was less extensive than older glaciations. Asynchrony between the LGM in the Northern Hemisphere ( ˜21 kyr BP) and the tropical Andes suggests that previous glaciations in the tropical Andes may have been

Analyse de l'effet de la suréducation sur l'efficacité technique des ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

de tire-au-flanc, et l'état de santé (Vroom 1964 ; Sheppard & Herrick 1972 ; ... impact négatif significatif de la suréducation sur la satisfaction au travail ; son ..... présence syndicale sur la performance financière de 250 entreprises américaines.

Breeding system of Embothrium coccineum (Proteaceae in two populations on different slopes of the Andes Sistema reproductivo de Embothrium coccineum (Proteaceae en dos poblaciones ubicadas en diferentes laderas de los Andes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ADRIANA E ROVERE

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Plant breeding systems are considered to reflect species' life history characteristics, selection due to biotic or abiotic factors, pollination conditions, or a combination of these. Reproductive systems may vary over ecological gradients. The breeding system of the ornithophilous Embothrium coccineum (Proteaceae from temperate South America was studied by pollination treatments: manual self-pollination, manual cross-pollination, automatic self-pollination, and natural pollination. These treatments were conducted in a coastal western and an Andean eastern population. Embothrium coccineum was found to be self-incompatible and highly dependent on the pollinating agent at both sites. However, pollen limitations were greater in the coastal population, as breeding efficiency was lower. Populations have different floral visitors whose identity differentially affects reproductive efficiency and pollen flow in E. coccineumLos sistemas de compatibilidad reproductiva en las plantas son considerados una manifestación de la historia de vida, de la selección ante factores abióticos ó bióticos, de las condiciones de polinización o una de combinación de esos factores. El sistema reproductivo de una especie puede variar a lo largo de un gradiente ecológico-ambiental. El sistema reproductivo de Embothrium coccineum (Proteaceae, un árbol ornitófilo endémico de los bosques templados de sur de Sudamérica, fue estudiado mediante experimentos de polinización: autopolinización manual, polinización manual cruzada, autopolinización automática y polinización natural en flores descubiertas. Este trabajo se realizó en una población costera al oeste de la cordillera de los Andes y una población andina ubicada al este de la cordillera de los Andes. En ambas poblaciones se encontró que E. coccineum es autoimcompatible y altamente dependiente de los agentes polinizadores en ambos sitios. Sin embargo, la limitación por polen fue mayor en la poblaci

Turismo comunitario: Una nueva alternativa de desarrollo indígena

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Héctor Freddy Morales Morgado

2006-05-01

Full Text Available El cordón montañoso de Los Andes presenta una gran diversidad de ecosistemas. Entre ellos encontramos "El Altiplano o Puna" por sus características geográficas y ambientales, una región natural única en América del Sur que abarca el norte de Chile, parte de Bolivia, el centro y sur del Perú y el noroeste de Argentina. Es una planicie a más de 3.000 metros sobre el nivel del mar. Además, tiene una larga historia de ocupación. Esta población se encuentra mayoritariamente distribuida en pequeños poblados o asentamientos con intensos sistemas agroproductivos de autosubsistencia, pero con grandes restricciones climáticas y geomorfológicas. Ello se constrasta con la pristinidad y exotismo de los numerosos atractivos naturales de la zona, entre los que se encuentran salares, lagunas, quebradas, volcanes y fauna autóctona, como flamenco, llamo y vicuña. Por otro lado, el origen prehispánico de la arquitectura monumental y restos arqueológicos han determinado la conformación de una intensa actividad turística de orden internacional que hoy caracteriza a la zona y que impacta la vida de las poblaciones autóctonas.

Palabras y silencios: la retórica del poder en los Andes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

1997-01-01

Full Text Available PAROLES ET SILENCES : LA RETHORIQUE DU POUVOIR DANS LES ANDES. La parole condense différents arguments et formes de pouvoir dans les sociétés andines. Le domaine social et le cadre cérémoniel appartiennent à ceux qui articulent bien les mots. La différenciation entre la valeur octroyée à la parole et celle correspondant aux silences implique diverses modalités de prestige de reconnaissance sociale et de pouvoir rituel dans les Andes. Les personnes, les vivants et les savants exercent une maîtrise subtile de la parole face aux étrangers, aux défunts et aux sots, qui demeurent socialement “muets”, silencieux. La palabra condensa diferentes argumentos y formas de poder en las sociedades andinas. El dominio social y el ámbito ceremonial pertenecen a los buenos articuladores de palabras. La diferenciación entre el valor otorgado a la palabra y el que corresponde a los silencios implica diferentes modalidades de prestigio, reconocimiento social y poder ritual en los Andes. Las personas, los vivos y los sabios ejercen un dominio exquisito de la palabra frente a los extraños, los difuntos y los “necios” que permanecen socialmente “mudos”, callados. WORDS AND SILENCES: THE RHETORIC OF POWER IN THE ANDES. Words have different meanings and means to exercise power in Andean societies. Social power and ceremonial environments belong people who are fluent in language. The difference between the value ascribed to the spoken word and that ascribed to silence implies several kinds of prestige, social recognition and ritual power in the Andes. “Ordinary”, alive and wise people exert an exquisite authority with words as compared with strange, dead and “stupid people” who remain socially 'dumb', silent.

Un réseau d'observation des glaciers dans les Andes tropicales

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1995-01-01

Full Text Available Par leur grande sensibilité au changement climatique, les glaciers tropicaux sont d’excellents indicateurs de l’évolution du climat et, en même temps, des objets hydrologiques susceptibles d’évoluer rapidement dans le futur. On montre que l’actuel recul accéléré des glaciers dans les Andes centrales et les conséquences qu’il peut avoir en matière hydrologique et de risques naturels rendent nécessaire un programme de surveillance de ces glaciers au niveau de toute la chaîne, ce que l’ORSTOM contribue à faire depuis 1991. UNA RED DE OBSERVACIÓN DE LOS GLACIARES EN LOS ANDES TROPICALES. Por su gran sensibilidad al cambio climático, los glaciares tropicales son excelentes indicadores de la evolución del clima, así como objectos hidrológicos susceptibles de una evolución rápida en el futuro. Considerando el actual retroceso acelerado de los glaciares en los Andes centrales y las consecuencias que puede tener a nivel hidrológico así como en el campo de los riesgos naturales, es necesario un programa de monitoreo de los glaciares a nivel de toda la cordillera, que es lo que ORSTOM contribuye a hacer desde 1991. A GLACIER MONITORING NETWORK IN THE TROPICAL ANDES. The high sensibility of Tropical glaciers to climatic forcing make it possible to use them as reliable indicators of climate evolution, as well as hydrological systems which could change rapidly in the future. Considering the present increase in glacier retreat in central Andes and the consequences induced by this evolution on water resources and natural hazards, a monitoring program at a large scale appears to be highly desirable. This has been the objective of ORSTOM since 1991.

La Cordillera de los Andes: presentación de los problemas geomorfológicos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

1974-01-01

Full Text Available Le soulèvement en voussoir ponto-pliocène a donné aux Andes leur volume montagneux actuel. Il a porté à plus de 4000 m des surfaces d'érosion élaborées au cours du Tertiaire et, pour la surface dite de la 'puna', principalement au cours du Miocène. Cependant, ces surfaces sont très généralement polygéniques et polycycliques. Elles sont dominées par de grandes cordillères orientées qui sont le plus souvent des horsts signalant les secteurs de surrection maximale. Certains horsts sont encore actifs comme celui de la Cordillère Blanche au Pérou. Ces surfaces sont déformées tant sur les bordures des bassins intérieurs que sur les flancs de la montagne ou elles sont disséquées et réduites à l'état de lanières. Elles ont pu disparaître par suite du recoupement vers le haut des versants des grandes vallées, notamment aux extrémités de la chaîne, là ou les Andes sont plus étroites. En contrebas, des aplanissements se développent au Pliocène et même au Quaternaire ancien dans des secteurs relativement stables: ainsi des glacis d'érosion tronquent des séries plissées au Pliocène sur l'Altiplano péruvo-bolivien et des surfaces d'abrasion sont retouchées en glacis sur les bourrelets côtiers péruvo-chiliens. Il convient de faire la distinction entre les surfaces qui recoupent les séries plissées en roche dure (calcaires, grès, rhyolites, etc. et dont la durée d'élaboration a été longue, et les glacis qui recoupent ou retouchent des volumes tendres (pélites, cinérites, conglomérats, à élaboration rapide. Les grandes vallées sont, les unes, adaptées aux grandes directions structurales consécutives aux mouvements de la fin du Tertiaire (l'adaptation d'ensemble s'accompagne souvent de nombreuses inadaptations locales, les autres suivent les anciennes directions structurales antérieures au soulèvement. Le Quaternaire se marque par une succession de périodes froides, accompagnées de glaciations dans

Efectos del cambio climático sobre especies de plantas vasculares del sur de los Andes Centrales: un estudio en el noroeste de Argentina (NOA)

OpenAIRE

Godoy Bürki, Ana Carolina

2017-01-01

La región de los Andes Tropicales es considerada como una región muy vulnerable al cambio climático porque presenta una alta diversidad y endemismo y porque posee una gran variabilidad altitudinal. Si bien se ha efectuado un gran número de predicciones sobre los cambios que ocurrirán en el clima, pocos estudios evaluaron el impacto que éste tendrá sobre las distribuciones de las especies. En este estudio se estima el efecto del cambio climático sobre la distribución y la conservación de espec...

La cooperación Sur-Sur agrícola argentina con África Subsahariana: una historia que comienza

OpenAIRE

Morasso, Carla

2015-01-01

[es] En la última década Argentina ha sido un actor dinámico de la cooperación Sur-Sur. Sus acciones se han dirigido principalmente hacia América Latina, pero también se han promovido los vínculos con Asia y África. El artículo analiza particularmente la cooperación Sur-Sur entre Argentina y países de África Subsahariana en materia de desarrollo agrícola en el período 2003-2013, donde se destacan los roles del Fondo Argentino de Cooperación Sur-Sur y Triangula...

Una especie nueva de rana arbórea del género Hyloscirtus (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae de la Cordillera del Cóndor

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Ana Almendáriz

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Las ranas ecuatorianas del género Hyloscirtus incluyen 16 especies descritas, de las cuales 11 pertenecen al grupo H. larinopygion. Su distribución se limita a los flancos de la Cordillera de los Andes, tanto al oriente como al occidente. Una evaluación de la herpetofauna en el sector meridional de la Cordillera del Cóndor (bosques montanos sobre mesetas de arenisca en la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, Ecuador, condujo al descubrimiento de una especie nueva del grupo que describimos aquí como Hyloscirtus condor sp. nov.; se analizan los renacuajos, las llamadas de anuncio y se estima las relaciones filogenéticas de la especie nueva y de las especies relacionadas en base a nuevas secuencias de los genes mitocondriales 12S, tRNA Val y 16S, con un total de hasta 2508 bp. Los resultados muestran que el grupo H. larinopygion está conformado por dos clados, uno distribuido en los Andes norte y centro de Ecuador y el otro al sur. La nueva especie pertenece al clado sur y es hermana de H. tapichalaca y de una especie aparentemente no descrita de la Provincia Morona Santiago. La especie nueva difiere de sus congéneres por su patrón de coloración dorsal, que consiste de puntos amarillo obscuro en un fondo canela. Es la especie más grande del grupo H. larinopygion y comparte con H. tapichalaca la presencia de una espina prepólica grande y curvada y brazos hipertrofiados. La especie nueva habita un área remota y bien conservada de la Cordillera del Cóndor. El descubrimiento de ésta y otras especies nuevas del mismo lugar denota la importancia biológica del área y motivan al desarrollo de planes de conservación.

Unión del magreb, un caso de regionalismo Sur-Sur

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SofianE Bouhdiba

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Se exploran brevemente las fuerzas y limitaciones de la Unión del Magreb (UMA como una experiencia de regionalismo Sur-Sur, en el marco de mayor extensión. Se plantea la necesidad de que la UMA redireccione sus intereses, estrategias y alianzas hacia el sur, puesto que se ha vuelto un instrumento de intercambios comerciales con la Unión Europea y un eje estratégico de lucha contra el terrorismo para Estados Unidos. Además se invita a la misma UMA a que considere los alcances de instituciones de integración en América Latina y Asia a fin de fortalecerse como bloque.

Dynamic Response of AP1000 Nuclear Island Due to Safe Shutdown Earthquake Loading

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Gan Buntara S.

2017-01-01

Full Text Available AP1000 is a standard nuclear power plant developed by Westinghouse and its partners by using an advanced passive safety feature. Among the five principle building structures, namely the nuclear island, turbine building, annex building, diesel generator building and radwaste building, the safety of the nuclear island building is the most concerned. This paper investigates the dynamic response of the nuclear island building of the AP1000 plant subjected to safe shutdown earthquake loadings. A finite element model for the building, which is assumed to be built in a hard-rock base, is developed and its dynamic response is computed with the aid of the commercial finite element package ANSYS. The dynamic characteristics, including the natural frequencies, the vibration modes, and the time histories for displacements, velocities, and accelerations of the building are obtained for two typical safe shutdown earthquakes, El Centro and Kobe earthquakes. The dynamic behavior of the building due to the earthquakes and its safety is examined and highlighted.

Natural gas across the Andes : a case study of an international business venture

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Figueroa, E.B.; Smith, B.

2002-07-01

This book describes the challenges and complexities of constructing the GasAndes pipeline from Argentinian gas fields across the Andes to Santiago in Chile. The project was a joint international effort between Canada's NOVA Corporation, Chile's Gasco and Gener, and Argentina's Compania General de Combustibles and Techint Compania Tecnica Internacional. The book relates how NOVA Gas International, together with its partners, accomplished the task of constructing the first major natural gas pipeline across the Andes mountains despite significant challenges such as steep mountain slopes, many river crossings, high altitude, high winds and bitter cold. It describes how the partnership developed and how political and socio-economic issues were dealt with. It demonstrates how business practices were modified to deal with local conditions and to ensure that the fragile environment of the Andean meadows was protected. It also describes how the builders of the pipeline addressed the concerns of communities along the pipeline route. The pipeline was constructed at a time when democracy was returning and market economies were shifting from a reduced role of government in the energy sector. The 463 km GasAndes pipeline has been in operation since August 7, 1997. refs., tabs., figs.

Tectonics, hydrothermal zoning, and uranium in the central Andes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gabelman, J W

1961-01-01

The geological features of the Peruvian Andes are discussed in some detail. The geologic history of the Andrean tectonics was found to be virtually the same as that represented in both North and South American Cordillera. The study indicated that Andrean hydrothermal mineralization occurred intermittently but in close time relation with accompanying deformations from the late Cretaceous or early Tertiary up to the present. The mineralization cycle is discussed as it relates to several metals, particularly uranium. Uranium is believed to occupy the same several temperature--environmental positions in the Andes that it does throughout the rest of the western hemisphere Cordillera. Even though uranium is present in minor quantities in several high-to-moderate-temperature environments, the bulk of uranium present in the cycle is believed to precipitate in the subepithermal environment.

Gastrointestinal parasites of Lamas in the Bolivian Andes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nissen, Anne Malene; Nees, Ellinor Spörndly; Monrad, Jesper

A cross sectional study was conducted to determine prevalences and intensities of gastrointestinal (GIT) parasites in lamas in the Bolivian Andes. A quantitative and qualitative necro-copro-parasitlogical study was performed on 33 lamas between October and December 2007. At the time of necropsy t...

Reflections on Andes' Goal-Free User Interface

Science.gov (United States)

VanLehn, Kurt

2016-01-01

Although the Andes project produced many results over its 18 years of activity, this commentary focuses on its contributions to understanding how a goal-free user interface impacts the overall design and performance of a step-based tutoring system. Whereas a goal-aligned user interface displays relevant goals as blank boxes or empty locations that…

Lima: poder, centro y centralidad: Del centro nativo al centro neoliberal

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Wiley Ludeña

2002-05-01

Full Text Available El centro y la idea de centro es una forma de construcción histórica práctica e ideológica que se origina y se reproduce como expresión de las demandas de reproducción social, económica, política, cultural y simbólica de determinados sectores en su experiencia de producir ciudad. El artículo ofrece un panorama general sobre la evolución y las transformaciones del área central de Lima desde su existencia pre inca e inca, hasta su posterior constitución colonial y republicana. Concluye con un registro de la situación actual. El área central es analizada tanto en su condición de realidad específica, como en relación al conjunto de la ciudad y la sociedad. Los problemas son evaluados desde la perspectiva de su significado económico, político, social, cultural, antropológico, arquitectónico y urbanísticoThe centre and the idea of centre is a way of practical and ideological construction, that origins and reproduces as an expression of the requests of social, economical, political, cultural and symbolic reproduction of determinate sectors in its experience of producing city. The article offers an overview about the evolution and the transformations of Lima’s central area, since its pre inca and inca existence, to its later colonial and republican constitution. Ends with a register of the actual situation. The central area is analyzed as in its condition of an specific reality, as its relation with the whole city and the society. The problems are evaluated from the perspective of the economic, political, social, cultural, anthropologic, architectonic and urbanistic meaning

Between Andes and Amazon: the genetic profile of the Arawak-speaking Yanesha.

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Barbieri, Chiara; Heggarty, Paul; Yang Yao, Daniele; Ferri, Gianmarco; De Fanti, Sara; Sarno, Stefania; Ciani, Graziella; Boattini, Alessio; Luiselli, Donata; Pettener, Davide

2014-12-01

The Yanesha are a Peruvian population who inhabit an environment transitional between the Andes and Amazonia. They present cultural traits characteristic of both regions, including in the language they speak: Yanesha belongs to the Arawak language family (which very likely originated in the Amazon/Orinoco lowlands), but has been strongly influenced by Quechua, the most widespread language family of the Andes. Given their location and cultural make-up, the Yanesha make for an ideal case study for investigating language and population dynamics across the Andes-Amazonia divide. In this study, we analyze data from high and mid-altitude Yanesha villages, both Y chromosome (17 STRs and 16 SNPs diagnostic for assigning haplogroups) and mtDNA data (control region sequences and 3 SNPs and one INDEL diagnostic for assigning haplogroups). We uncover sex-biased genetic trends that probably arose in different stages: first, a male-biased gene flow from Andean regions, genetically consistent with highland Quechua-speakers and probably dating back to Inca expansion; and second, traces of European contact consistent with Y chromosome lineages from Italy and Tyrol, in line with historically documented migrations. Most research in the history, archaeology and linguistics of South America has long been characterized by perceptions of a sharp divide between the Andes and Amazonia; our results serve as a clear case-study confirming demographic flows across that 'divide'. © 2014 The Authors. American journal of physical Anthropology published by Wiley Periodocals, Inc.

Variaciones de un glaciar de montaña en los Andes de Chile central en las últimas dos décadas

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1995-01-01

Full Text Available VARIATIONS D’UN GLACIER DE MONTAGNE DANS LES ANDES DU CHILI CENTRAL AU COURS DES DEUX DERNIÈRES DÉCENNIES. Les résultats du bilan de masse du glacier Echaurren Norte sont présentés. Il s’agit d’un glacier de montagne de 0,4 km2 situé dans les Andes du Chili central, à 50 km à l’est de Santiago, à une altitude moyenne de 3 750 m. Ce programme de la Direction Générale d’Eaux du Chili a permis de recueillir régulièrement une information sur les bilans de masse pendant 18 ans, entre les années 1975 et 1993. C’est le seul registre de bilan de masse d’un glacier au Chili. L’ablation pendant la période de fonte a été de 252 cm d’eau en moyenne annuelle, avec une accumulation hivernale moyenne de 280 cm d’eau. Le bilan net est positif pour la période, mais on observe une grande variation interannuelle. Le bilan positif du glacier Echaurren Norte contraste avec le recul généralisé des autres glaciers du Chili central. Se presentan resultados del balance de masa del glaciar Echaurren Norte, un glaciar de montaña de 0,4 km2 ubicado a una altitud media de 3 750 m.s.n.m., en los Andes de Chile central, 50 km al este de Santiago. Los datos, recolectados como parte de un programa regular de la Dirección General de Aguas, Chile, cubren un período de 18 años, desde 1975 a 1993 y constituyen el único registro de balance de masa de un glaciar en Chile. La ablación durante el período de deshielo fue de 252 cm eq. en agua anuales en promedio, con una acumulación invernal promedio de 280 cm eq. en agua. El balance neto para el período es positivo, pero existe una gran variación interanual. El balance positivo del glaciar Echaurren Norte contrasta con el retroceso generalizado en otros glaciares de Chile central. VARIATIONS OF A MOUNTAIN GLACIER IN THE CENTRAL CHILEAN ANDES DURING THE LAST TWENTY YEARS. Mass balance results for Echaurren Norte Glacier are presented. This mountain glacier, with an area of 0,4 km2, is located at

Genetic continuity after the collapse of the Wari empire: mitochondrial DNA profiles from Wari and post-Wari populations in the ancient Andes.

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Kemp, Brian M; Tung, Tiffiny A; Summar, Marshall L

2009-09-01

The Wari empire flourished in the central, highland Peruvian Andes from AD 600-1000, and although the events that led to its demise are unknown, archaeological evidence indicates that Wari control waned at the end of the first millennium. Here, we test the hypothesis that, despite the major shift in social and political organization at the fall of the Wari empire, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) composition of populations from the Ayacucho Basin, the former imperial heartland of the empire, remained essentially unchanged. Results show that mtDNA haplogroup frequencies among the Wari and post-Wari groups differ, but the difference is not statistically significant (chi2 = 5.886, df = 3, P = 0.1172). This is the first study in the Andes to use haplotypic data to evaluate the observed genetic distance between two temporally distinct prehispanic populations (F(ST) = 0.029) against modeled expectations of four possible evolutionary scenarios. None of these simulations allowed the rejection of continuity. In total, at both the haplogroup and haplotype levels these data do not allow us to reject the hypothesis that post-Wari individuals sampled in this study are the maternal descendants of those sampled from the Wari era site of Conchopata. However, genetic homogeneity in the mitochondrial gene pool, as seen in the late prehispanic southern Andes, may also characterize our study region. But, prior to this research, this was unknown. If our new data show mtDNA homogeneity, then this could limit the detection of female migration if, in fact, it occurred. Nonetheless, the novel mtDNA data presented here currently do not support the hypothesis that there was an influx of genetically distinct females into the former Wari heartland after the Wari collapse. Copyright 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Bases conceptuales para la aplicación de una evaluación de estrategias de manejo (EEM en sardina común (Strangomera bentincki y anchoveta (Engraulis ringens en la zona centro-sur de Chile

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Marcos Arteaga

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Se identifican los factores claves a considerar en el desarrollo de una evaluación de estrategias de manejo (EEM para los recursos pequeños pelágicos en la zona de centro-sur de Chile, sardina común (Strangomera bentincki y anchoveta (Engraulis ringens. En Chile, la EEM no ha sido aplicada al manejo de estas pesquerías y la asesoría científica se ha desarrollado sobre la evaluación de estrategias de explotación utilizando modelos de evaluación mono-específicos. Para ambas especies se analizan los siguientes tópicos: i alternancia en la abundancia poblacional asociada a los pulsos de reclutamientos y capturas, ii variabilidad temporal en la fuerza del reclutamiento, iii estacionalidad del crecimiento cohorte y especie-específico, y iv relación ambiente-recurso. Los resultados evidencian que los tópicos analizados debieran ser considerados en la construcción de un modelo operativo y/o en la regla de cosecha, dado el carácter mixto de ambas pesquerías, su marcada alternancia y la influencia de las condiciones ambientales. Por lo tanto, se propone que el diseño e implementación de una EEM para sardina común y anchoveta, incluya los elementos señalados en un marco de evaluación multi-especifico y de manejo de carácter mixto.

Evaluación de la función directiva en los centros docentes sostenidos con fondos públicos

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Rosario BELTRÁN DE TENA

2009-11-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: Este artículo resume los resultados de una amplia investigación sobre la evaluación de la función directiva en Centros Públicos y Concertados, a través de un cuestionario a diversos colectivos (directivos, profesores, padres e inspectores y treinta Grupos de Discusión con los mismos colectivos. A partir de un análisis factorial se analizan las valoraciones obtenidas en cada uno de los factores por cada colectivo y las interpretaciones y representaciones que formulan en los Grupos de Discusión. En conjunto, permite dibujar un cuadro de cómo está funcionando la dirección en España y las percepciones de cada colectivo sobre ambos tipos de centros.ABSTRACT: This article summarizes the results of extensive research into the evaluation of the responsibility of the principal in public schools and in those prívate ones that receive a State subsidy, by means of a questionnaire to different categories of participants (principáis, teachers, parents and supervisors and thirty Discussion Groups with these same participants. Using factorial analysis, the valuations obtained in each factor for each category are analyzed, as are the interpretations and representations that are formulated by the Discussion Groups. Together, this permits the designing of a graph that shows how principalship is working in Spain and the perceptions of each category about both types of institutions.RÉSUMÉ: Cet article resume les résultats d'une vaste recherche sur l'évaluation de la fonction directrice dans des centres publics et prives (subventionés par l'Administration Éducative, a travers un vaste questionnaire á divers groupes (directeurs, professeurs, peres et inspecteurs et trente Groupes de Discussion avec les mémes groupes. Á partir d'une analyse factorielle on analyse les évaluations obtenues dans chacun des facteurs par chaqué groupe et les interpretations et les représentations qui formulent dans les Groupes de Discussion. Dans l

La huaca Narihualá: un documento para la etnohistoria de la Costa Norte del Perú (1000 - 1200 D.-C.

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1990-01-01

Full Text Available LA HUACA NARIHUALA: UN DOCUMENT POUR L’ETHNOHISTOIRE DE LA REGION COTIERE DU PEROU (1000 - 1200 AP. J. C.. Le site archéologique de Narihualá, situé sur la côte de l’extrème nord du Pérou, fut un centre politique et administratif important de l’ethnie Tallán qui occupait la basse vallée de Piura pendant la période Intermédiaire Tardive (1000-1200 ap. J.C.. Dans cet article, l’auteur procède à l’analyse de façon exhaustive un document ethnohistorique daté de l656, décrivant les fouilles effectueés localement par des indigènes ainsi que celles réalisées officiellement par la Couronne d’Espagne au moyen de contrats. Le document est ensuite confronté avec les résultats des recherches archéologiques du mois de mai l988 qui avaient permis d’identifier des fragments de céramique de style Tallán, Chimú Tardif et Inca Local, et de localiser des chemins pré-hispaniques. El sitio arqueológico Narihualá, localizado en la costa del extremo norte del Perú, fue un importante centro políticoadministrativo del área étnica de los Tallán del Bajo Piura y corresponde al Período Intermedio Tardío (1000-1200 d. C.. En este artículo, el autor analiza exhaustivamente un documento etnohistórico que data de l656, describiendo las excavaciones de indígenas y las oficializadas por la Corona española mediante contratos aprobados. Se confronta tal documento con los reconocimientos arqueológicos realizados en el mes de mayo de l988, que permitieron identificar fragmentos de cerámica del estilo Tallán, Chimú Tardío e Inca Local y ubicar antiguos caminos prehispánicos. THE HUACA NARIHUALA: A DOCUMENT FOR THE ETHNOHISTORY OF THE NORTH COAST OF PERU (1000-1200 A.D.. Narihuala, is an arqueological site located on the Northern coast of Peru. During the Late Intermediate period (1000-1200 A.D. it was an important political and administrative center of the Tallán ethnic group, of the Lower Piura valley. In this paper, the author

Más allá de los mitos: análisis de la Cooperación Sur-Sur y Norte-Sur en el Ecuador. Sector Educación, período 2003- 2008

OpenAIRE

Escobar Sánchez, Wladimir Alexander

2012-01-01

La presente tesis de maestría analiza a la cooperación Norte-Sur y Sur-Sur como los dos principales modelos de funcionamiento de la cooperación hoy en día, a través de dos programas de ayuda internacional en el sector educación, en el período 2003-2008. El uno referente a la cooperación Norte-Sur, y el otro a la cooperación Sur-Sur. El propósito que presenta este trabajo académico es explicar a la cooperación internacional al desarrollo tomando en consideración a la teoría real...

L'enfant et le terroir. La construction de l'identité paysanne dans une communauté des Andes péruviennes

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1995-01-01

Full Text Available Cet article propose quelques pistes de travail sur l'identité et la notion de personne à partir de l'étude du statut de l'enfant. L'auteur montre notamment comment le lieu de naissance établit les bases de l'identité paysanne andine en inscrivant le nouveau-né dans un triple environnement (social, familial, mythique qui définit son appartenance à la lignée paternelle ou maternelle et, au-delà du groupe lignager, à la communauté. EL NIÑO Y LA TIERRA. LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA IDENTITAD CAMPESINA EN UNA COMUNIDAD DE LOS ANDES PERUANOS. Este artículo propone algunas pistas de investigación sobre la identidad y la noción de persona a partir del estudio del estatus del niño. La autora muestra en particular cómo el lugar de nacimiento establece las bases de la identidad campesina andina al ubicar al recién nacido en un triple entorno (el grupo social, la familia y los mitos que define su pertenencia a la rama paterna y, más allá del linaje a la comunidad. THE CHILD AND THE LAND. THE CONSTRUCTION OF PEASANT’S IDENTITY IN A COMMUNITY OF THE PERUVIAN ANDES. This paper proposes a few lines of research about identity and the notion of the human being based on the study of the status of the infant. The author shows how birth-place establishes the basis of Andean peasant's identity by allowing the infant to fit into a triple environment (the social group, the extended family and the myths. This environment defines if infant belongs to the paternal or maternal line and, beyond the lineage, to the community.

Glacier loss and hydro-social risks in the Peruvian Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Mark, Bryan G.; French, Adam; Baraer, Michel; Carey, Mark; Bury, Jeffrey; Young, Kenneth R.; Polk, Molly H.; Wigmore, Oliver; Lagos, Pablo; Crumley, Ryan; McKenzie, Jeffrey M.; Lautz, Laura

2017-12-01

Accelerating glacier recession in tropical highlands and in the Peruvian Andes specifically is a manifestation of global climate change that is influencing the hydrologic cycle and impacting water resources across a range of socio-environmental systems. Despite predictions regarding the negative effects of long-term glacier decline on water availability, many uncertainties remain regarding the timing and variability of hydrologic changes and their impacts. To improve context-specific understandings of the effects of climate change and glacial melt on water resources in the tropical Andes, this article synthesizes results from long-term transdisciplinary research with new findings from two glacierized Peruvian watersheds to develop and apply a multi-level conceptual framework focused on the coupled biophysical and social determinants of water access and hydro-social risks in these settings. The framework identifies several interacting variables-hydrologic transformation, land cover change, perceptions of water availability, water use and infrastructure in local and regional economies, and water rights and governance-to broadly assess how glacier change is embedded with social risks and vulnerability across diverse water uses and sectors. The primary focus is on the Santa River watershed draining the Cordillera Blanca to the Pacific. Additional analysis of hydrologic change and water access in the geographically distinct Shullcas River watershed draining the Huaytapallana massif towards the city of Huancayo further illuminates the heterogeneous character of hydrologic risk and vulnerability in the Andes.

Étude sur l'entrepreneuriat dalit : Regard sur 25 % de la population ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Étude sur l'entrepreneuriat dalit : Regard sur 25 % de la population indienne. Cette étude, pilotée par Udit Raj, député du parlement indien, aide à mieux comprendre les contraintes que rencontrent les entrepreneurs dalits. Elle permettra de sonder 12 000 entrepreneurs dalits dans 14 états et de recueillir des données ...

Reflexões sobre o trauma cardiovascular civil a partir de um estudo prospectivo de 1000 casos atendidos em um centro de trauma de nível I: a prospective study from 1000 cases

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Ricardo Costa-Val

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar os dados referentes a uma grande série de casos de traumas cardiovasculares exclusivamente civil operados em um único centro de trauma brasileiro. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo de coorte, prospectivo, descritivo e analítico registrados entre os anos de 1998 - 2005. RESULTADOS: No período foram operados 1000 casos que acometeram principalmente homens jovens devido a armas de fogo, armas brancas/vidros e trauma contuso e cuja topografia das lesões se deu na seguinte ordem: abdominais, cervicais, torácicas e extremidades. As três síndromes mais comuns a admissão foram: hemorrágica, isquêmica e hemorrágica/isquêmica. No entanto, 34.6% dos pacientes estavam em choque hipovolêmico grave e em 85% da casuística havia lesões não cardiovasculares associadas. A maioria dos pacientes foi submetida a tratamento cirúrgico sem propedêutica específica, mas 14% destes foram reoperados devido à síndrome compartimental, trombose aguda e/ou hemorragia grave. A taxa de amputação foi de 5.5% e da mortalidade de 7.5%, estando correlacionada com choque hipovolêmico grave ou síndrome da resposta inflamatória sistêmica. Lesões CCV isoladas ocorreram em 15% dos casos com taxa de letalidade global de 41%, sendo 22% venosa, 47% arterial e 81% cardíaca, proporcionando diferença significativa entre lesões cardíacas versus arteriais e venosas associadas (p = 0,01; odds ratio de 7.37 e lesões arteriais versus venosas (p = 0,01; odds ratio de 3.17. CONCLUSÃO: Esta grande série de casos demonstrou ser o homem jovem o mais acometido devido principalmente à violência interpessoal e os acidentes automobilísticos, que envolvem na maioria das vezes as extremidades, associadas com lesões em outros órgãos ou sistemas. Os fatores preditivos de mau prognóstico foram choque hipovolêmico, lesão de grandes vasos arteriais e lesão cardíaca.

Repensando la globalización para el Sur. Perspectivas de las relaciones África - América Latina

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Mbuyi Kabunda Badi

2007-07-01

Full Text Available El análisis pone de manifiesto las consecuencias de la globalización neoliberal o imperialista tanto en África como en América Latina. Partiendo de los aspectos comunes que presentan ambos continentes –históricos y actuales, y los propios desafíos de la globalización–, el autor recomienda el fortalecimiento de sus cohesiones internas con los procesos de integración regionales genuinos, como base de la cooperación Sur-Sur: es la mejor manera de luchar contra la dependencia y la inestabilidad política que les condenan al subdesarrollo. Las nuevas tendencias nacionalistas e izquierdistas de los gobiernos latinoamericanos inauguran una nueva era de esperanza para este continente. La tendencia hacia el derrotismo de África ante el neoliberalismo como resultado de la inestabilidadpolítica, descomposición económica o desagregación de potencias regionales tales como Nigeria, la República Democrática del Congo (drc o Costa de Marfil, no predispone a un futuro esperanzador. En este contexto el respaldo de la “nueva América Latina” a África, convertida en el centro de la contradicción entre la globalización y el desarrollo, es fundamental.

Seismicity, fault plane solutions, depth of faulting, and active tectonics of the Andes of Peru, Ecuador, and southern Colombia

Science.gov (United States)

Suarez, G.; Molnar, P.; Burchfiel, B. C.

1983-01-01

The long-period P waveforms observed for 17 earthquakes in the Peruvian Andes during 1963-1976 are compared with synthetic waveforms to obtain fault-plane solutions and focal depths. The morphological units of the Peruvian Andes are characterized: coastal plains, Cordillera Occidental, altiplano and central high plateau, Cordillera Oriental, and sub-Andes. The data base and analysis methodology are discussed, and the results are presented in tables, diagrams, graphs, maps, and photographs illustrating typical formations. Most of the earthquakes are shown to occur in the transition zone from the sub-Andes to the Cordillera Oriental under formations of about 1 km elevation at focal depths of 10-38 km. It is suggested that the sub-Andean earthquakes reflect hinterland deformation of a detached fold and thrust belt, perhaps like that which occurred in parts of the Canadian Rockies. From the total crustal shortening evident in Andean morphology and the shortening rate of the recent earthquakes it is estimated that the topography and crustal root of the Andes have been formed during the last 90-135 Myr.

Dynamics of a Puelche foehn event in the Andes

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Lea Beusch

2018-01-01

Full Text Available In this numerical modelling study, we investigate a Puelche foehn event (25–26 March 2014 in the southern Andes – a region with sparse observations. The synoptic environment as well as the mesoscale structure and the dynamics of the easterly wind are examined with European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF analyses and a simulation with the mesoscale non-hydrostatic limited-area weather prediction model COSMO with a grid spacing of 2.2 km.The large-scale synoptic situation leading to this Puelche event is characterized by a mid-tropospheric cut-off low above the mountain range, the formation of a coastal surface low, as well as high pressure extending over the southern Andes. Easterly winds extend throughout the entire troposphere, indicative of a deep foehn flow. In the free troposphere, the easterlies are geostrophically balanced and develop in association with increasing pressure to the south. In contrast, within the planetary boundary layer, the easterly winds occur predominantly due to an increasing cross-range large-scale pressure gradient with only a weak geostrophic component. Kinematic trajectories indicate that a significant part of the Puelche air mass originates from above an inversion on the upstream side of the Andes. Some air parcels, however, ascend on the upstream side to crest height as the boundary layer deepens during daytime and/or flow through gaps across the mountain range. Hence, this Puelche event shares characteristics of both a blocked and a non-blocked foehn type.

Estimation of slip scenarios of mega-thrust earthquakes and strong motion simulations for Central Andes, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Pulido, N.; Tavera, H.; Aguilar, Z.; Chlieh, M.; Calderon, D.; Sekiguchi, T.; Nakai, S.; Yamazaki, F.

2012-12-01

all scenario slips for central Andes, and for an average soil condition, exhibit similar amplitudes and attenuation characteristics with distance as the PGA and PGV values observed during the 2010 Maule (Mw 8.8), and 2011 Tohoku-oki (Mw 9.0) earthquakes. Our results clearly indicate that the simulated ground motions for scenarios with deep rupture nucleations (~40 km) are consistently smaller than the ground motions obtained for shallower rupture nucleations. We also performed strong ground motion simulations in metropolitan Lima by using the aforementioned slip scenarios, and incorporating site amplifications obtained from several microtremors array surveys conducted at representative geotechnical zones in this city. Our simulated PGA and PGV in Lima reach values of 1000 cm/s^2 and 80 cm/s. Our results show that the largest values of PGA (at Puente Piedra district, Northern Lima) are related with short period site effects, whereas the largest values of PGV are related with large site amplifications for periods from 1s to 1.5s (at Callao, Villa el Salvador and La Molina districts). Our results also indicate that the simulated PGA and PGV in central Lima (Parque de la Reserva) are in average 2~3 times larger than the values recorded by a strong motion instrument installed at this location, during the 1974 (Mw8.0) and 1966 (Mw8.0) earthquakes off-shore Lima.

Restos lignocelulósicos de gran tamaño (necromasa en un bosque templado de antiguo crecimiento del sur de Chile

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Carlos Belezaca Pinargote

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Los restos lignocelulósicos de gran tamaño (RLC, constituyen la necromasa en ambientes boscosos, y cumplen variadas funciones ecosistémicas. Se evaluó el volumen, necromasa, y estados de descomposición de RLC muertos, en un bosque templado de antiguo crecimiento (BTAC dentro del Parque Nacional Puyehue, Centro-Sur de Chile. En 10 parcelas de 900 m2, se cuantificó los RLC (≥ 10 cmϕ, cuya necromasa se clasificó empleando una escala de cinco categorías/estados de descomposición (1= menor degradación y 5= mayor degradación. Se encontró 632 m3 ha-1 de madera muerta (= 231,5 Mg ha-1 de necromasa, representados principalmente por Nothofagus betuloides (95,2%, siendo los troncos (52,7%y ramas (35%, las estructuras vegetales más representativas (554,3 m3 ha-1≈ 203 Mg h-1. Estos resultados demuestran que los BTAC del sur de Chile son importantes reservas de litera leñosa gruesa, que contribuye a la biogeoquímica de estos complejos y remotos ecosistemas.

Anemia em gestantes de municípios das regiões Sul e Centro-Oeste do Brasil Anemia en mujeres enbarazadas de ciudades de regiones Sur y Centro-Oeste de Brasil Anemia in pregnant women from two cities in the South and Mid-West Regions of Brazil

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Elizabeth Fujimori

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se analisar a distribuição da anemia em gestantes da rede básica de saúde de dois municípios, na região Sul e Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Estudo transversal retrospectivo e descritivo desenvolvido a partir de dados de prontuários de 954 e 781 gestantes em Cuiabá-MT e Maringá-PR, respectivamente. Coletaram-se dados de caracterização sociodemográfica, de pré-natal e indicadores sociais. Foram consideradas anêmicas, as mulheres com hemoglobina inferior a 11g/dL. A desigualdade social existente entre os municípios foi evidente. Gestantes atendidas em Cuiabá-MT apresentavam características sociodemográficas significativamente mais precárias. A prevalência de anemia era significativamente maior e valores médios de hemoglobina menores em Cuiabá-MT, independentemente da idade gestacional. Encontrou-se associação dos níveis de hemoglobina com a idade, situação conjugal, número de gestações anteriores, estado nutricional e trimestre gestacional. As diferenças regionais na ocorrência da anemia gestacional são socialmente determinadas, o que deve ser considerado nas propostas de intervenção em saúde coletiva.Se analizó la distribución de anemia en mujeres embarazadas asistidas en servicios básicos de salud de dos ciudades de las regiones Sur y Centro-Oeste de Brasil. Estudio transversal retrospectivo y descriptivo. Se usó datos de registros médicos de 954 y 781 embarazadas de Cuiabá-MT y Maringá-PR, respectivamente. Se recopilaron datos sobre características sociodemográficas, atención prenatal e indicadores sociales. Hemoglobina-HbWe aimed to analyze anemia distribution in pregnant women who were attending health services in two cities in the South and Mid-West Regions in Brazil. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study developed from 954 and 781 medical records data in Cuiabá-MT and Maringá-PR. We collected data of social and demographic features as well as pre-natal care. Women who presented

DDG-1000 Zumwalt Class Destroyer (DDG-1000)

Science.gov (United States)

2015-12-01

Selected Acquisition Report (SAR) RCS: DD-A&T(Q&A)823-197 DDG 1000 Zumwalt Class Destroyer (DDG 1000 ) As of FY 2017 President’s Budget Defense...Acquisition Management Information Retrieval (DAMIR) March 23, 2016 15:17:06 UNCLASSIFIED DDG 1000 December 2015 SAR March 23, 2016 15:17:06...Requirements Document OSD - Office of the Secretary of Defense O&S - Operating and Support PAUC - Program Acquisition Unit Cost DDG 1000 December 2015 SAR

Rapid Diversification and Time Explain Amphibian Richness at Different Scales in the Tropical Andes, Earth's Most Biodiverse Hotspot.

Science.gov (United States)

Hutter, Carl R; Lambert, Shea M; Wiens, John J

2017-12-01

The Tropical Andes make up Earth's most species-rich biodiversity hotspot for both animals and plants. Nevertheless, the ecological and evolutionary processes underlying this extraordinary richness remain uncertain. Here, we examine the processes that generate high richness in the Tropical Andes relative to other regions in South America and across different elevations within the Andes, using frogs as a model system. We combine distributional data, a newly generated time-calibrated phylogeny for 2,318 frog species, and phylogenetic comparative methods to test the relative importance of diversification rates and colonization times for explaining Andean diversity at different scales. At larger scales (among regions and families), we find that faster diversification rates in Andean clades most likely explain high Andean richness. In contrast, at smaller temporal and spatial scales (within family-level clades within the Andes), diversification rates rarely explain richness patterns. Instead, we show that colonization times are important for shaping elevational richness patterns within the Andes, with more species found in habitats colonized earlier. We suggest that these scale-dependent patterns might apply to many other richness gradients. Recognition of this scale dependence may help to reconcile conflicting results among studies of richness patterns across habitats, regions, and organisms.

Étude du Partenariat de recherche sur l'influenza aviaire en Asie sur ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Étude du Partenariat de recherche sur l'influenza aviaire en Asie sur l'efficacité des mesures de lutte. L'influenza aviaire hautement pathogène (H5N1) est une grave maladie qui touche la volaille et contamine les êtres humains dans une faible proportion. L'Organisation mondiale de la santé croit que le virus pourrait subir ...

El centro del mundo para los gallegos

OpenAIRE

Mandianes Castro, Manuel

1982-01-01

Estudio sobre la noción de espacio en Galicia. Se pretende demostrar que para los gallegos el universo tiene un centro, con diferentes niveles de aprehensión, alrededor del cual se organiza la comunidad. Para este trabajo se han realizado encuestas entre los habitantes de la región de la Limia (Orense) y los de Loureses. El trabajo se divide en tres apartados atendiendo a los distintos niveles de percepción del centro del mundo: "lareira" (hogar), "encrucillada" (encrucijada) y cementerio.

Developing services for climate impact and adaptation baseline information and methodologies for the Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Huggel, C.

2012-04-01

Impacts of climate change are observed and projected across a range of ecosystems and economic sectors, and mountain regions thereby rank among the hotspots of climate change. The Andes are considered particularly vulnerable to climate change, not only due to fragile ecosystems but also due to the high vulnerability of the population. Natural resources such as water systems play a critical role and are observed and projected to be seriously affected. Adaptation to climate change impacts is therefore crucial to contain the negative effects on the population. Adaptation projects require information on the climate and affected socio-environmental systems. There is, however, generally a lack of methodological guidelines how to generate the necessary scientific information and how to communicate to implementing governmental and non-governmental institutions. This is particularly important in view of the international funds for adaptation such as the Green Climate Fund established and set into process at the UNFCCC Conferences of the Parties in Cancun 2010 and Durban 2011. To facilitate this process international and regional organizations (World Bank and Andean Community) and a consortium of research institutions have joined forces to develop and define comprehensive methodologies for baseline and climate change impact assessments for the Andes, with an application potential to other mountain regions (AndesPlus project). Considered are the climatological baseline of a region, and the assessment of trends based on ground meteorological stations, reanalysis data, and satellite information. A challenge is the scarcity of climate information in the Andes, and the complex climatology of the mountain terrain. A climate data platform has been developed for the southern Peruvian Andes and is a key element for climate data service and exchange. Water resources are among the key livelihood components for the Andean population, and local and national economy, in particular for

Sur la plurifonctionnalité du discours direct

OpenAIRE

Cigada Sara

2012-01-01

La comparaison entre les résultats de nombreux travaux sur le dialogue dans le texte littéraire, sur l’attestation linguistique de la subjectivité, sur la fonction argumentative des émotions dans le discours et sur les effets de polyphonie, suggère que la structure sémiotique et linguistique du discours direct (DD) se trouve au croisement stratégique de plusieurs axes de la construction discursive. Nous étudions donc l’insertion du DD dans le discours (cf. Rosier 2008: Le discours rapporté en...

17 CFR 229.1000 - (Item 1000) Definitions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false (Item 1000) Definitions. 229.1000 Section 229.1000 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION STANDARD INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILING FORMS UNDER SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 AND ENERGY POLICY AND CONSERVATION ACT OF 1975-REGULATION...

Pramana – Journal of Physics | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Author Affiliations. GIANFRANCO SPAVIERI1 GEORGE T GILLIES2. Centro de Física Fundamental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, 5101-Venezuela; Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901-4714, USA ...

Extension of the analytic nodal diffusion solver ANDES to triangular-Z geometry and coupling with COBRA-IIIc for hexagonal core analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lozano, Juan-Andres; Jimenez, Javier; Garcia-Herranz, Nuria; Aragones, Jose-Maria

2010-01-01

In this paper the extension of the multigroup nodal diffusion code ANDES, based on the Analytic Coarse Mesh Finite Difference (ACMFD) method, from Cartesian to hexagonal geometry is presented, as well as its coupling with the thermal-hydraulic (TH) code COBRA-IIIc for hexagonal core analysis. In extending the ACMFD method to hexagonal assemblies, triangular-Z nodes are used. In the radial plane, a direct transverse integration procedure is applied along the three directions that are orthogonal to the triangle interfaces. The triangular nodalization avoids the singularities, that appear when applying transverse integration to hexagonal nodes, and allows the advantage of the mesh subdivision capabilities implicit within that geometry. As for the thermal-hydraulics, the extension of the coupling scheme to hexagonal geometry has been performed with the capability to model the core using either assembly-wise channels (hexagonal mesh) or a higher refinement with six channels per fuel assembly (triangular mesh). Achieving this level of TH mesh refinement with COBRA-IIIc code provides a better estimation of the in-core 3D flow distribution, improving the TH core modelling. The neutronics and thermal-hydraulics coupled code, ANDES/COBRA-IIIc, previously verified in Cartesian geometry core analysis, can also be applied now to full three-dimensional VVER core problems, as well as to other thermal and fast hexagonal core designs. Verification results are provided, corresponding to the different cases of the OECD/NEA-NSC VVER-1000 Coolant Transient Benchmarks.

Satisfação dos usuários dos centros de atenção psicossocial da região Sul do Brasil Satisfacción de los usuarios de los centros de atención psicosocial de la región Sur de Brasil User satisfaction with psychosocial healthcare services, Southern Brazil

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Luciane Prado Kantorski

2009-08-01

ón psicosocial de los estados del Sur de Brasil: Paraná, Santa Catarina y Rio Grande do Sul, en 2006. La estrategia de investigación fue dividida en métodos cuantitativo y cualitativo. Para evaluación cuantitativa fueron utilizados datos epidemiológicos del tipo transversal de muestra 1.162 usuarios de 30 centros de atención psicosocial. El instrumento utilizado para evaluar la satisfacción de los usuarios fue la Escala Brasilera de Evaluación de la Satisfacción (SATIS-BR, de 1 a 5 puntos. Para evaluación cualitativa fueron realizados cinco estudios de caso, utilizándose metodología de evaluación de cuarta generación. Los datos fueron obtenidos en observación de campo y entrevistas (entre diez y 13 usuarios en cada campo, totalizando 57 usuarios y presentados a los usuarios en oficinas de validación y negociación. RESULTADOS: La escala SATIS-BR indicó evaluación positiva de todos los ítems, con promedio de 4,4 (desviación-estándar, DP= 0,4. La comunicación y la relación con el equipo presentaron promedio 4,5 (DP= 0,5: el acceso a informaciones a partir del equipo presentó promedio 4,8. La satisfacción con el servicio presentó el menor promedio, con 4,1; las condiciones generales de instalación de servicio presentaron promedio 3,9. En el estudio cualitativo, el tratamiento en el servicio fue bueno y el resultado satisfactorio. La reubicación del usuario contribuyó para satisfacción, así como el acceso a la atención, la ruptura con el aislamiento físico y social, el acogimiento de sus demandas y ayuda para organizar la vida. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados complementarios de ambas estrategias de estudio muestran satisfacción de los usuarios con la atención en los centros estudiados.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate user satisfaction with psychosocial healthcare services. METHODS: Qualitative and quantitative study conducted in psychosocial healthcare services in the states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, in 2006. The study

Las cuencas cenozoicas y su control en el volcanismo de los Complejos Nevados de Chillan y Copahue-Callaqui (Andes del Sur, 36-39°S Cenozoic basins and their control on volcanism of Nevados de Chillan and Copahue-Callaqui complexes (36-39°S, Southern Andes

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Juan Pablo Radic

2010-01-01

Full Text Available La Cordillera Principal de los Andes entre los 36° y 39°S constituye un excelente lugar para el estudio de la relación entre volcanismo y tectónica. Por medio del análisis tectonoestratigráfico de las cuencas cenozoicas se ha podido reconocer una clara coincidencia espacial entre estructuras de primer orden pertenecientes a estas cuencas y la distribución del volcanismo plio-pleistocénico. Las cuencas cenozoicas comenzaron su desarrollo durante el Oligoceno-Mioceno como depresiones extensionales, conformando un sistema de al menos tres subcuencas orientadas N-S y conectadas por dos zonas de acomodación estructural. Posteriormente este sistema de cuencas fue tectónicamente invertido hacia finales del Mioceno y los antiguos depocentros fueron deformados y exhumados, reutilizando las fallas originalmente extensionales. Las zonas de acomodación estructural permanecieron como estructuras de primer orden a escala de cuenca y constituyeron zonas de debilidad que favorecieron el posterior desarrollo del volcanismo y magma-tismo en los complejos volcánicos Nevados de Chillan y Copahue-Callaqui. Cada uno de estos complejos volcánicos se caracteriza por una orientación de sus centros de emisión, morfología y depósitos volcánicos en forma subparalela a la orientación de las zonas de acomodación estructural inmediatamente por debajo.The Cordillera Principal at 36° to 39°S is an excellent place to address the relationship between tectonics and volcanism. Based on tectonostratigraphic analysis of the Cenozoic basins it has been possible to recognize a clear spatial coincidence between first order basin scale structures and Plio-Pleistocene volcanism. Cenozoic basins started in the Oligocene-Miocene as extensional depocenters, characterized by at least three north-south oriented sub-basins connected by two structural accommodation zones. Towards the Late Miocene this extensional system was tectonically inverted deforming and uplifting the

De la complementariedad a la voluntad de Aplanar los Andes: representaciones de la naturaleza y pensamiento económico y político en el Perú del siglo XX

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2001-01-01

Full Text Available DE LA COMPLÉMENTARITÉ À LA VOLONTÉ D’APLANIR LES ANDES : REPRÉSENTATIONS DE LA NATURE ET PENSÉE ÉCONOMIQUE ET POLITIQUE AU PÉROU AU COURS DU XXÈME SIÈCLE. La représentation la plus courante du territoire péruvien à l’échelle nationale est celle qui le divise en trois régions dites “naturelles”, la costa, la sierra et la selva. Mais cette division et chacun de ses éléments peuvent prendre différents sens et ont orienté la réflexion politique tantôt vers l’idée d’une complémentarité entre ces trois ensembles et entre les “étages écologiques” qui les composent, tantôt vers celle d’une opposition insurmontable entre les Andes et leur piémont côtier - le piémont amazonien n’étant que plus rarement au centre des débats -. Cette seconde “traduction” de la nature semble aujourd’hui la plus influente et la représentation “négative” de la montagne comme espace de pauvreté et d’isolement tend dans le contexte du néolibéralisme à l’emporter sur celle, plus positive et tout aussi construite, qui présente les Andes comme un territoire ayant permis la conservation d’une culture indigène authentique. La representación más común del territorio peruano a nivel nacional es la división en tres regiones consideradas como “naturales”, la costa, la sierra y la selva. Pero esa división y cada uno de sus elementos pueden tener diversos significados, de tal forma que guiaron la reflexión política en ocasiones hacia la idea de una complementariedad entre las tres partes y entre los pisos ecológicos que las componen, y otras veces hacia la de una oposición insalvable entre los Andes y su piedemonte costeño (mientras el amazónico suscitaba menos interés. La segunda de estas “traducciones” de la naturaleza parece ser hoy en día la más influyente: la representación “negativa” de la sierra como espacio de pobreza y de aislamiento tiende, dentro del contexto del neoliberalismo, a prevalecer sobre aqu

Effects of a 1,450 nm diode laser on facial sebum excretion.

Science.gov (United States)

Laubach, Hans-Joachim; Astner, Susanne; Watanabe, Kanna; Clifford, Joan; Rius-Diaz, Francisca; Zurakowski, David; Manstein, Dieter

2009-02-01

Laser therapy with a 1,450 nm diode laser is a clinically effective treatment for acne vulgaris, although the mechanism of action is unknown. To investigate this, we conducted a small, prospective, controlled clinical trial to assess this laser's effects on the facial sebum excretion rate (SER). Fourteen healthy volunteers without active acne were enrolled in this study and received three laser treatments on test areas of the nose and forehead. Nine subjects completed the treatment regimen and were available for follow-up. SER was measured with Sebumeter prior to the first treatment, and at 1 week and 1 month after the third treatment. Photographs were taken and subjective assessment of skin oiliness and pore size determined by questionnaires at 1 month follow-up. No significant reduction in SER was observed comparing treated with control on all treatment sites (P>0.05) on the nose. Reduction in the absolute SER was observed for both test and control sites on the forehead, reaching significance on the treatment site (P = 0.04) and marginal significance on the control site (P = 0.08). While our study was designed to detect only large changes in SER, we conclude that three 1,450 nm laser treatment sessions did not cause marked changes in SER compared to the control (i.e., >44%). Thus, major destruction of sebaceous glands as a result of this treatment is unlikely. However, reduced sebum production was observed on both treatment and control sides at 1 month. Therefore alternative mechanisms should also be considered to explain the clinical efficacy of this treatment for acne vulgaris. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Issues of affinity: exploring population structure in the Middle and Regional Developments Periods of San Pedro de Atacama, Chile.

Science.gov (United States)

Torres-Rouff, Christina; Knudson, Kelly J; Hubbe, Mark

2013-11-01

The Middle Period (AD 400-1000) in northern Chile's Atacama oases is characterized by an increase in social complexity and regional interaction, much of which was organized around the power and impact of the Tiwanaku polity. Despite the strong cultural influence of Tiwanaku and numerous other groups evident in interactions with Atacameños, the role of immigration into the oases during this period is unclear. While archaeological and bioarchaeological research in the region has shown no evidence that clearly indicates large groups of foreign immigrants, the contemporary increase in interregional exchange networks connecting the oases to other parts of the Andes suggests residential mobility and the possibility that movement of people both into and out of the oases accompanied these foreign influences. Here, we analyze biodistance through cranial non-metric traits in a skeletal sample from prehistoric San Pedro de Atacama to elucidate the extent of foreign influence in the oases and discuss its implications. We analyzed 715 individuals from the Middle Period (AD 400-1000) and later Regional Developments Period (AD 1000-1450), and found greater phenotypic differences between Middle Period cemeteries than among cemeteries in the subsequent period. We argue that this greater diversity extends beyond the relationship between the oases and the renowned Tiwanaku polity and reflects the role of the oases and its different ayllus as a node and way station for the Middle Period's myriad interregional networks. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Andes hantavirus variant in rodents, southern Amazon Basin, Peru.

Science.gov (United States)

Razuri, Hugo; Tokarz, Rafal; Ghersi, Bruno M; Salmon-Mulanovich, Gabriela; Guezala, M Claudia; Albujar, Christian; Mendoza, A Patricia; Tinoco, Yeny O; Cruz, Christopher; Silva, Maria; Vasquez, Alicia; Pacheco, Víctor; Ströher, Ute; Guerrero, Lisa Wiggleton; Cannon, Deborah; Nichol, Stuart T; Hirschberg, David L; Lipkin, W Ian; Bausch, Daniel G; Montgomery, Joel M

2014-02-01

We investigated hantaviruses in rodents in the southern Amazon Basin of Peru and identified an Andes virus variant from Neacomys spinosus mice. This finding extends the known range of this virus in South America and the range of recognized hantaviruses in Peru. Further studies of the epizoology of hantaviruses in this region are warranted.

Andes Hantavirus Variant in Rodents, Southern Amazon Basin, Peru

OpenAIRE

Razuri, Hugo; Tokarz, Rafal; Ghersi, Bruno M.; Salmon-Mulanovich, Gabriela; Guezala, M. Claudia; Albujar, Christian; Mendoza, A. Patricia; Tinoco, Yeny O.; Cruz, Christopher; Silva, Maria; Vasquez, Alicia; Pacheco, Víctor; Ströher, Ute; Guerrero, Lisa Wiggleton; Cannon, Deborah

2014-01-01

We investigated hantaviruses in rodents in the southern Amazon Basin of Peru and identified an Andes virus variant from Neacomys spinosus mice. This finding extends the known range of this virus in South America and the range of recognized hantaviruses in Peru. Further studies of the epizoology of hantaviruses in this region are warranted.

Kir6.2 activation by sulfonylurea receptors: a different mechanism of action for SUR1 and SUR2A subunits via the same residues

Science.gov (United States)

Principalli, Maria A; Dupuis, Julien P; Moreau, Christophe J; Vivaudou, Michel; Revilloud, Jean

2015-01-01

ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K-ATP channels) play a key role in adjusting the membrane potential to the metabolic state of cells. They result from the unique combination of two proteins: the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR), an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) protein, and the inward rectifier K+ channel Kir6.2. Both subunits associate to form a heterooctamer (4 SUR/4 Kir6.2). SUR modulates channel gating in response to the binding of nucleotides or drugs and Kir6.2 conducts potassium ions. The activity of K-ATP channels varies with their localization. In pancreatic β-cells, SUR1/Kir6.2 channels are partly active at rest while in cardiomyocytes SUR2A/Kir6.2 channels are mostly closed. This divergence of function could be related to differences in the interaction of SUR1 and SUR2A with Kir6.2. Three residues (E1305, I1310, L1313) located in the linker region between transmembrane domain 2 and nucleotide-binding domain 2 of SUR2A were previously found to be involved in the activation pathway linking binding of openers onto SUR2A and channel opening. To determine the role of the equivalent residues in the SUR1 isoform, we designed chimeras between SUR1 and the ABC transporter multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), and used patch clamp recordings on Xenopus oocytes to assess the functionality of SUR1/MRP1 chimeric K-ATP channels. Our results reveal that the same residues in SUR1 and SUR2A are involved in the functional association with Kir6.2, but they display unexpected side-chain specificities which could account for the contrasted properties of pancreatic and cardiac K-ATP channels. PMID:26416970

Centro cívico de Ichihara – Japón

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Funakoshi, T.

1975-10-01

Full Text Available Occuping somewhat more than 1/10 of a 160,000 m2 site rises the Civic Centre of Ichihara that comprises: Social Centre; Municipal Government with Prefecture and Administration; Sociological-educational Centre; Parliament; Welfare Centre and Power Station. The plot is divided into two parts by a highway, with the Social Centre in the smallest part and in the other the remaining buildings are distributed, grouped on both sides of a pedestrian bridge that connects the buildings. The project of the entire complex has been developed starting from the elementary spaces until urban scale was attained; the composition of each space has been borne out of the mutual relations between men. In this Centre an attempt has been made to interpenetrate all the zones so as to achieve a visual relation between them. The Civic Centre is being completed by a spacious parking lot, paths and extensive gardens.Ocupando algo más de la décima parte de una parcela de 160.000 m2 se levanta el Centro Cívico de Ichihara, que comprende: Centro Social; Ayuntamiento con Prefectura y Administración; Centro Sociológico-educacional; Parlamento; Centro de Bienestar Social, y Central de Energía. El solar está dividido en dos partes por una autopista, con el Centro Social en la zona más pequeña, y en la otra se distribuye el resto de los edificios, agrupados a los lados de un gran puente peatonal que los comunica. El proyecto de todo el conjunto se ha desarrollado partiendo de los espacios elementales hasta llegar a la escala urbana; la composición de cada espacio nace de las relaciones mutuas entre los hombres. En este Centro se ha llevado a cabo un intento de interpenetrar todas las zonas, para permitir una relación visual entre ellas. El Centro Cívico se completa con numerosas plazas de aparcamiento, viales y amplias zonas ajardinadas.

A new species of Trechisibus from Peruvian Andes (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Trechinae

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Pedro Delgado

2016-06-01

Full Text Available In this work the new species Trechisibus (s. str. delestali sp. n., is described from the southern Peruvian Andes. The morphological differences with the geographically closest species of the subgenus are also presented and discussed.

The Glaciation of the Ecuadorian Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Schubert, Carlos

This pleasing book fills the gap in the knowledge about Pleistocene and recent glaciation between Colombia and Peru. A significant amount of data exists already for Colombia and Venezuela and for Peru, Bolivia, and, particularly, Chile. Hastenrath has now given us a description of glaciers and glaciation underneath the equator in the Andes.The book begins with brief summaries of the physiography and the atmospheric circulation, which give the general setting of Ecuador. Then follow detailed descriptions of the glaciers and glacial morphology of all the important mountains of the Western and Eastern Cordilleras. These are well illustrated, and a particularly useful feature is the comparison of old photographs and paintings of glaciers with modern photographs, many taken by the author. All illustrate the spectacular retreat of the glaciers in the Ecuadorian Andes during the last century and correlate quite well with observations elsewhere. This retreat is snown quantitatively in Table 4, in terms of decrease in glacier-covered area since the glacial advance of moraine stage III. The area of present-day glaciers is about 10% of the area during that stage (compared with about 1.5% in the Sierra Nevada de Mérida, Venezuela). A series of maps show the glacial morphology of the mountains (unfortunately, some of the maps have been included within the binding, thus losing some information; they could have been reduced somewhat to fit a single page or, if too large, could have been included in the pocket, together with the map of Chimborazo-Carihuairazo).

Referentes para el arte nuevo: la Gaceta del Sur de Rosario

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Mouguelar, Lorena

2013-01-01

Full Text Available [es] La Gaceta del Sur, periódico de crítica, arte y letras editado en Rosario durante 1928, constituyó un espacio alternativo de circulación para la producción de aquellos autores modernos rosarinos que no tenían cabida en los medios ni en las instituciones culturales tradicionales. Ya fuera a través de las notas sobre arte, de la reproducción de obras o de la ilustración de textos, sus páginas otorgaron visibilidad a un conjunto de artistas interesados por lo nuevo, que residían y producían en ciudades tan distantes como Rosario, Buenos Aires y París. En este sentido, no sólo les permitió mostrar las últimas búsquedas estéticas de pintores y escultores locales, sino también difundir diversas formas del modernismo metropolitano que sirvieron de referentes para los programas de renovación generados desde esta pujante ciudad del interior del país. Estas imágenes, ligadas a las reverberaciones de las vanguardias históricas y los movimientos restaurativos del período de entreguerras, funcionaban entonces en la Argentina como vanguardia estética. Nuestro artículo apunta a reconstruir las relaciones que establecieron los creadores locales entre sus propuestas y la de determinados artistas situados en los grandes centros culturales, a partir del estudio de las imágenes que seleccionó La Gaceta del Sur. [en] La Gaceta del Sur, newspaper of critical, art and letters edited in Rosario during 1928, was an alternative space of circulation for the production of those modern local authors that neither had a place in the media nor in the traditional cultural institutions. Through notes about art, reproductions of works or illustrations of texts, its pages gave visibility to a group of artists interested in the new, who lived and worked in cities as distant as Rosario, Buenos Aires or Paris. In that sense, it let them show not only the last aesthetic searches of local painters and sculptors, but also spread diverse ways of the

Dirección y calidad de la educación. El rendimiento del centro escolar

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Manuel ÁLVAREZ FERNÁNDEZ

2009-11-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: El artículo analiza la dirección como factor de calidad y mejora de los centros. En primer lugar, describe la cuestión directiva como un problema sin resolver en España, al tiempo que los factores sociales y escolares que la han tornado más problemática; en segundo, a partir de la literatura sobre eficacia y mejora de la escuela, se pregunta qué sería preciso cambiar para que los Centros Públicos tuvieran calidad y eficacia en su rendimiento. Por último, hace una amplia revisión de lo que supone un liderazgo de la calidad, capaz de incidir en los resultados del centro.ABSTRACT: This article analizes principalship as a factor in the quality and improvement of schools. First, it describes principalship as an unresolved problem in Spain, along with the social and educational factors that have made it more problematic. Second, taking as a reference the literature about the effectiveness and improvement of schools, this article asks what changes would be necessary in order that the public schools should have quality and effectiveness in their performance. Finally, it carries out an extensive revisión of what is involved in a leadership for quality which is able to influence the results of the school. Key words: school principalship, school quality and performance, leadership for quality.RÉSUMÉ: L'article analyse la direction comme un facteur de qualité et de recherche de l'amélioration des centres scolaires. D'abord, il décrit la question de la direction comme un probléme qui n'est pas résolue en Espagne et au méme temps les facteurs sociaux et les facteurs scolaires qui l'ont rendus un probléme en plus; aprés, a partir de la littérature qui parle sur l'efficacité et l'ameublissement de Pecóle, on se pose une question, qu'est ce qu'il faut changer pour que les centres publiques aient une meilleur qualité et une efficacité qui face améliorer le rendement? Pour finir, l'article fait une revisión exhaustive de ce

An elusive new species of Marsupial Frog (Anura: Hemiphractidae: Gastrotheca from the Andes of northern Peru

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William E. Duellman

2013-06-01

Full Text Available A new species of marsupial frog, genus Gastrotheca, is described from high-elevation grasslands in the Andes in Región Amazonas in northernPeru, where even calling males are well hidden in deep moss. The new species is distinguished from all congeners by its unique color pattern that includes a narrow, blackbordered, yellow middorsal stripe. The species apparently belongs to the Gastrotheca plumbea Group, which ranges in the Andes from northern Colombia to northern Peru.

El concepto estadístico de centro de gravedad

OpenAIRE

Ruiz, Gabriel

2003-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo es establecer una propuesta didáctica consistente en relacionar el concepto estadístico de centro de gravedad de una distribución de frecuencias bidimensional con el concepto físico y geométrico del mismo nombre. Las coordenadas del centro de gravedad son medias aritméticas, lo que nos permitirá visualizar algunas propiedades de la media aritmética.

La educabilidad: atributo mediacional entre la realidad curricular y organizativa del centro escolar

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Miguel PÉREZ FERRA

2009-11-01

Full Text Available Es evidente, que la actividad de los centros educativos necesita para alcanzar las finalidades que justifican su existencia y trabajo, ser planificada, ordenada, programada, desarrollada y evaluada. Toda esta labor se sintetiza y recoge en el Proyecto de Centro, instrumento de planificación a medio plazo, que concreta y desarrolla los elementos que lo integran: Finalidades educativas, Proyecto curricular de Centro y Reglamento de Organización y Funcionamiento. En este artículo realizamos una reflexión sobre la conveniencia, posibilidad y realidad de utilización con carácter orgánico de dos documentos esenciales en el Proyecto de Centro. Nos referimos al Proyecto Curricular de Centro y al Reglamento de Organización y Funcionamiento. El estudio integra tres perspectivas complementarias: la realidad ontológica o conveniencia de dicha relación que intentamos justificar desde el atributo educabilidad, propio del hombre, nexo de unión entre la esencia de los dos documentos; la realidad histórica de los últimos cincuenta años y su incidencia en la relación organizativo-curricular de los centros; por último, valoramos la trayectoria lineal de la formación del profesorado en España y sus respuestas al centro como unidad organizativa, profesional y curricular.

Comunidad y desarrollo en los Andes Peruanos: una crítica etnográfica al programa de modernidad/colonialidad

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Pieter de Vries

2013-08-01

Full Text Available En las últimas décadas la desconstrucción del desarrollo, conocida como el 'postdesarrollismo', ha cobrado gran auge en las ciencias sociales. En Latino-américa el programa teórico denominado modernidad/colonialidad/descolonialidad (MCD se propone descolonizar el pensamiento moderno re-escribiendo la historia global a partir de la experiencia colonial. Arturo Escobar, uno de los mayores teóricos del paradigma postdevelopmentalista se apoya en el proyecto MCD para pensar 'alternativas a la modernidad'(o transmodernidad. En este artículo propongo someter la perspectiva postdesarrollista y el proyecto MCD a un test etnográfico. Para eso me centro en las visiones y experiencias de Usibamba, una comunidad en los Andes Centrales Peruanos. La etnografía gira alrededor de la siguiente pregunta: ¿porqué los usibambinos, a pesar de todas sus experiencias negativas con el aparato del desarrollo, insisten en reivindicar la promesa del desarrollo? El programa de MCD nos permite entender el impasse de la comunidad en Usibamba? ¿Conceptos como pluriverso y transmodernidad nos permiten entender los deseos y aspiraciones de los usibambinos? Para responder a estas preguntas me apoyo en un análisis Žižekian que distingue entre 'lo actual', 'lo virtual', y lo 'Real'de la comunidad.

Evaluation of the of thermal shock resistance of a castable containing andalusite aggregates by thermal shock cycles; Avaliacao da resistencia ao dano por choque termico por ciclagem de um concreto refratario contendo agregados de andaluzita

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garcia, G.C.R.; Santos, E.M.B.; Ribeiro, S., E-mail: girribeiro@yahoo.com.br [Universidade de Sao Paulo (DEMAR/EEL/USP), Lorena, SP (Brazil). Escola de Engenharia de. Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais; Resende, W.S. [Industrias Brasileiras de Artigos Refratarios (IBAR), Lorena, SP (Brazil); Rodrigues, J.A. [Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCar), SP (Brazil)

2011-07-01

The thermal shock resistance of refractory materials is one of the most important characteristics that determine their performance in many applications, since abrupt and drastic differences in temperature can damage them. Resistance to thermal shock damage can be evaluated based on thermal cycles, i.e., successive heating and cooling cycles followed by an analysis of the drop in Young's modulus occurring in each cycle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance to thermal shock damage in a commercial refractory concrete with andalusite aggregate. Concrete samples that were sintered at 1000 deg C and 1450 deg C for 5 hours to predict and were subjected to 30 thermal shock cycles, soaking in the furnace for 20 minutes at a temperature of 1000 deg C, and subsequent cooling in circulating water at 25 deg C. The results showed a decrease in Young's modulus and rupture around 72% for samples sintered at 1000 ° C, and 82% in sintered at 1450 ° C. The refractory sintered at 1450 deg C would show lower thermal shock resistance than the refractory sintered at 1000 deg C. (author)

Evaluation of the of thermal shock resistance of a castable containing andalusite aggregates by thermal shock cycles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garcia, G.C.R.; Santos, E.M.B.; Ribeiro, S.; Rodrigues, J.A.

2011-01-01

The thermal shock resistance of refractory materials is one of the most important characteristics that determine their performance in many applications, since abrupt and drastic differences in temperature can damage them. Resistance to thermal shock damage can be evaluated based on thermal cycles, i.e., successive heating and cooling cycles followed by an analysis of the drop in Young's modulus occurring in each cycle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance to thermal shock damage in a commercial refractory concrete with andalusite aggregate. Concrete samples that were sintered at 1000 deg C and 1450 deg C for 5 hours to predict and were subjected to 30 thermal shock cycles, soaking in the furnace for 20 minutes at a temperature of 1000 deg C, and subsequent cooling in circulating water at 25 deg C. The results showed a decrease in Young's modulus and rupture around 72% for samples sintered at 1000 ° C, and 82% in sintered at 1450 ° C. The refractory sintered at 1450 deg C would show lower thermal shock resistance than the refractory sintered at 1000 deg C. (author)

Analysis of La Dehesa paleo-landslide. Central Pre-Andes of Argentina

Science.gov (United States)

Tapia Baldis, Carla; Rothis, Luis Martín; Perucca, Laura; Esper Angillieri, María; Vargas, Horacio; Ponce, David; Allis, Carlos

2018-04-01

The main objective of this paper is to consider the influence of Quaternary faults as likely triggering factor for rockslides occurrence in the Central Pre-Andes, a region with intense shallow seismic activity. A rockslide deposit was selected as study case, placed in the western flank of La Dehesa and Talacasto (DT) range (31°3‧37″ S and 68°46‧ 8″ W). Applied methodology includes the characterization of main discontinuities, reconstruction of the topography using a high-resolution digital elevation model, safety factor calculation along the sliding surface and, Newmark displacements estimation for three different hypothetical seismic scenarios, recreated from existing neotectonic local information. Equilibrium-limit method's results confirm that study case, La Dehesa rockslide (LDR), had a stable and safe slope's configuration under static conditions. However, a seismic horizontal coefficient between 0.2 and 0.3 decreases safety factor below the safety threshold. Newmark's displacements for different seismic reconstructed scenarios varies between 4.1 and 15.9 cm, values that agreed with a coherent failure process, likely triggered by Pleistocene to Holocene seismogenic sources in Central Pre-Andes. LDR trigger could be assigned mainly to an earthquake related to La Dehesa Quaternary fault (LDF) activity; however, similar movements produced by neighboring faults should not be discarded. LDR triggering related to climatic conditions is despised. Finally, the methodology presented in this work is easy to reproduce and may be applied to other rockslides located in the mountainous areas of the Central Pre-Andes of Argentina.

A inserção da família nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial sob a ótica de seus atores sociais

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Valquíria de Lourdes Machado Bielemann

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo es un fragmento de la fase cualitativa de la investigación: Evaluación de los Centros de Atención Psicosocial de la Región Sur de Brasil. Es un estudio de caso realizado en la ciudad de São Lourenço do Sul - RS. Su objetivo fue mostrar la inclusión de la familia en los Centros de Atención Psicosocial desde la perspectiva de los grupos interesados: los usuarios, familiares y profesionales del equipo. Para ello, se realizaron, en 2006, entrevistas semiestructuradas, a través del círculo hermenéutica-dialéctica. Para el análisis se adoptó la Evaluación de Cuarta Generación. Los resultados muestran que de las diversas formas de integración de la familia, la actividad de grupo surge como una estrategia que contribuye en el proceso terapéutico. Se constató la necesidad de atención de las familias por parte de los profesionales, ya que ellas necesitan ser cuidadas considerando sus personalidades y singularidades. Por lo tanto, nuevas posibilidades de acción deben tomarse con el fin de cambiar el significado de la atención a la familia, incluyéndola como objetivo de la atención profesional.

Centro de gastronomía y entretenimiento

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Felipe Chaverri Peralta

2015-07-01

Full Text Available El Centro de Gastronomía y Entretenimiento fue una práctica de proyecto arquitectónico del Taller de Diseño Nivel 7, Grupo 02, de la Escuela de Arquitectura de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR, realizado en el segundo semestre del año 2014. Este proyecto fue ubicado en al noreste del centro de la ciudad de San José, Costa Rica The Food and Entertainment Center was a practice of architectural project Design Workshop Level 7, Group 02, of the School of Architecture at the University of Costa Rica(UCR, in the second half of 2014. This project was located in the northeast downtown San José, Costa Rica.

Actuaciones educativas para la convivencia en centros con alumnado inmigrante

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Alejandro Martínez González

2012-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo se muestran los resultados del trabajo de campo llevado a cabo en 11 centros educativos en el proyecto p lan n acional i +D+ i (2008-2011: La mejora de la convivencia y el aprendizaje en los centros educativos de primaria y secundaria con alumnado inmigrante , donde a partir de diferentes actuaciones educativas (no segregación en grupos específicos, organización de actividades de acogida, asambleas de grupo, Círculos de Convivencia o participación de familiares que se están llevando a cabo, se está contribuyendo a la mejora de la convivencia entre el alumnado, las familias y las y los profesionales del centro educativo.

Ancient DNA Analysis Suggests Negligible Impact of the Wari Empire Expansion in Peru’s Central Coast during the Middle Horizon

Science.gov (United States)

Barreto Romero, María Inés; Flores Espinoza, Isabel; Cooper, Alan; Fehren-Schmitz, Lars

2016-01-01

The analysis of ancient human DNA from South America allows the exploration of pre-Columbian population history through time and to directly test hypotheses about cultural and demographic evolution. The Middle Horizon (650–1100 AD) represents a major transitional period in the Central Andes, which is associated with the development and expansion of ancient Andean empires such as Wari and Tiwanaku. These empires facilitated a series of interregional interactions and socio-political changes, which likely played an important role in shaping the region’s demographic and cultural profiles. We analyzed individuals from three successive pre-Columbian cultures present at the Huaca Pucllana archaeological site in Lima, Peru: Lima (Early Intermediate Period, 500–700 AD), Wari (Middle Horizon, 800–1000 AD) and Ychsma (Late Intermediate Period, 1000–1450 AD). We sequenced 34 complete mitochondrial genomes to investigate the potential genetic impact of the Wari Empire in the Central Coast of Peru. The results indicate that genetic diversity shifted only slightly through time, ruling out a complete population discontinuity or replacement driven by the Wari imperialist hegemony, at least in the region around present-day Lima. However, we caution that the very subtle genetic contribution of Wari imperialism at the particular Huaca Pucllana archaeological site might not be representative for the entire Wari territory in the Peruvian Central Coast. PMID:27248693

Ancient DNA Analysis Suggests Negligible Impact of the Wari Empire Expansion in Peru's Central Coast during the Middle Horizon.

Science.gov (United States)

Valverde, Guido; Barreto Romero, María Inés; Flores Espinoza, Isabel; Cooper, Alan; Fehren-Schmitz, Lars; Llamas, Bastien; Haak, Wolfgang

2016-01-01

The analysis of ancient human DNA from South America allows the exploration of pre-Columbian population history through time and to directly test hypotheses about cultural and demographic evolution. The Middle Horizon (650-1100 AD) represents a major transitional period in the Central Andes, which is associated with the development and expansion of ancient Andean empires such as Wari and Tiwanaku. These empires facilitated a series of interregional interactions and socio-political changes, which likely played an important role in shaping the region's demographic and cultural profiles. We analyzed individuals from three successive pre-Columbian cultures present at the Huaca Pucllana archaeological site in Lima, Peru: Lima (Early Intermediate Period, 500-700 AD), Wari (Middle Horizon, 800-1000 AD) and Ychsma (Late Intermediate Period, 1000-1450 AD). We sequenced 34 complete mitochondrial genomes to investigate the potential genetic impact of the Wari Empire in the Central Coast of Peru. The results indicate that genetic diversity shifted only slightly through time, ruling out a complete population discontinuity or replacement driven by the Wari imperialist hegemony, at least in the region around present-day Lima. However, we caution that the very subtle genetic contribution of Wari imperialism at the particular Huaca Pucllana archaeological site might not be representative for the entire Wari territory in the Peruvian Central Coast.

Ancient DNA Analysis Suggests Negligible Impact of the Wari Empire Expansion in Peru's Central Coast during the Middle Horizon.

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Guido Valverde

Full Text Available The analysis of ancient human DNA from South America allows the exploration of pre-Columbian population history through time and to directly test hypotheses about cultural and demographic evolution. The Middle Horizon (650-1100 AD represents a major transitional period in the Central Andes, which is associated with the development and expansion of ancient Andean empires such as Wari and Tiwanaku. These empires facilitated a series of interregional interactions and socio-political changes, which likely played an important role in shaping the region's demographic and cultural profiles. We analyzed individuals from three successive pre-Columbian cultures present at the Huaca Pucllana archaeological site in Lima, Peru: Lima (Early Intermediate Period, 500-700 AD, Wari (Middle Horizon, 800-1000 AD and Ychsma (Late Intermediate Period, 1000-1450 AD. We sequenced 34 complete mitochondrial genomes to investigate the potential genetic impact of the Wari Empire in the Central Coast of Peru. The results indicate that genetic diversity shifted only slightly through time, ruling out a complete population discontinuity or replacement driven by the Wari imperialist hegemony, at least in the region around present-day Lima. However, we caution that the very subtle genetic contribution of Wari imperialism at the particular Huaca Pucllana archaeological site might not be representative for the entire Wari territory in the Peruvian Central Coast.

Holocene tephra-fall deposits of southern and austral Andes volcanic zones (33-54oS): eruption recurrence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naranjo, J.A.; Polanco, E.; Lara, L; Moreno, H; Stern, C.R

2001-01-01

Radiometric 14 C dating is a very useful tool to study the chronostratigraphy of pyroclastic deposits. In addition, 14 C ages are essential parameters for the estimation of the recurrence time of the explosive volcanic activity. The origin, distribution and relative age of mappable Holocene tephra-fall deposits of the Southern Andes Volcanic Zone (SVZ) and Austral Andes Volcanic Zone (AVZ) from 33 o S-54 o S, were studied and their recurrence period is analysed (au)

Creación de comunidades profesionales en los centros educativos

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Quintina MARTÍN-MORENO CERRILLO

2009-11-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: En este artículo se analiza cómo el desarrollo de una comunidad profesional está unido inseparablemente al cambio de la cultura organizativa y a la consecución de un clima positivo que promueva, a través de un nuevo enfoque del liderazgo escolar, el replanteamiento profesional, la asunción por parte del profesorado de los riesgos que comporta toda innovación y el trabajo colaborativo.No son muchas las investigaciones realizadas hasta el momento sobre la creación de comunidades profesionales en los centros educativos y sobre el desarrollo profesional del docente en el propio establecimiento escolar; algunas se analizan en el presente trabajo; son valiosas, pero insuficientes. En consecuencia, es preciso realizar nuevos trabajos en este ámbito.ABSTRACT: The present article analyses why the change of the organizational culture and the creation of a positive school climate that cause -through a new approach to the school leadership- the restructuration of the professional activities, the assumptions of risks of innovations and the collaborative work are necessary when developing a professional community.There are no many researches about the creation of professional communities at both elementary and high schools, as well as those performed about the teachers' professional development inside the school building; several of these researches are analysed in this article; they are valuable, but insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out new research projects in this field.RÉSUMÉ: Le but de cet article est d'analyser comment le développement d'une communauté professionelle est lié inséparablement au changement de la culture organisationnelle et à l'obtention d'un climat positif qui permette, à travers d'une nouvelle approche du rôle du directeur scolaire, la restructuration des activités professionnelles, l'acceptation par les professeurs des risques de l'innovation et du travail collaboratif.Il n'y a pas beaucoup

Radiographic analysis of 1000 cast posts in Sergipe state, Brazil

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Caroline Garcez MENDONÇA

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Introduction Endodontically treated teeth with extensive coronary destruction require posts and cores to enable prosthetic restoration. Despite the increasing use of prefabricated posts, cast metal posts and cores are still widely used. The quality of the latter is important for the longevity of restorative treatment, and failure can occur if the fundamental principles are not followed. Objective To radiographically evaluate the prosthetic principles of 1000 cast metal post-and-core restorations performed in single-rooted teeth and their coherence with the principles used for their confection. Material and method Digital periapical radiographs of 1000 endodontically treated, single-rooted teeth with cast metal posts and cores were selected from the collection of a radiology clinic (Centro de Imagem, Aracaju/SE, Brazil. The images were analyzed using a measurement software (ImageJ, USA in accordance with the fundamental prosthetic principles: length and diameter of the post, ratio between post and bone crest, contiguity of post to the root canal, gap between post and the remaining root canal filling, amount of remaining root canal filling, and absence of periapical lesion. The data were qualitatively analyzed, classified into ideal and not ideal, and submitted to the chi-square test (α=0.05. Result Only 6.7% of the cast metal posts analyzed were satisfactorily fabricated. Conclusion Many prosthetic criteria are neglected during the manufacturing of cast metal post and cores, resulting in inadequate work that may compromise the longevity of restorative treatments.

Agir sur la langue pour agir sur le monde : Micropolitiques linguistiques autogérées du genre dans les brochures libertaires

OpenAIRE

Abbou, Julie

2015-01-01

La dimension agissante de la langue sur le monde entraîne avec elle, comme un appel d'air, l'action sur la langue elle-même, et l'action sur la langue n'est jamais loin de se faire action politique. Les politiques linguistiques de féminisation en sont un exemple, où l'action politique se concentre sur la catégorisation du genre. Dans de nombreux cas, la politique linguistique se fait planification linguistique, cherchant de nouvelles normes. Dans de nombreux cas, mais pas toujours. Il existe ...

Screening for new accumulator plants in Andes Range mines

Science.gov (United States)

Bech, Jaume; Roca, Núria

2016-04-01

accumulated considerable concentrations of Cu and Zn. The species from the genus Bidens (Asteraceae) were able not only to accumulate high shoot As concentrations (> 1000 μg g-1 in B. cynapiifolia from Peru) but also considerable amounts of Pb (B. humilis from Chile). The highest Cu shoot concentrations were found in Mullinum spinosum (870 μg g-1) and in B. cynapiifolia (620 μg g-1). The shoot accumulation of Zn was highest in Baccharis amdatensis (>1900 μg g-1) and in Rumex crispus (1300 μg g-1) from the Ag mine in Ecuador (Bech et al., 2002). In the Peruvian Andes, B. triplinervia can be considered interesting for phytostabilization, due to its capacity to restrict the accumulation of elevated amounts of Pb and Zn in the shoots.

CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL CONSUMO DE HORTALIZAS EN LAS FAMILIAS DEL SUR-SUR DE COSTA RICA

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Alexis Villalobos-Monge

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar los diferentes aspectos cuantitativos y cualitativos que explican la cultura de consumo actual de hortalizas en las familias residentes en la zona sur-sur de Costa Rica. Este trabajo expone resultados relacionados a la caracterización realizada en el 2011 en familias residentes en la denominada zona sur-sur de Costa Rica sobre la cultura de consumo de productos hortícolas. Se aplicaron cuestionarios a una muestra estratificada de familias; lo que permitió establecer la valoración de los precios de mercado, por parte de las familias, para consumir estos alimentos, donde se determinó un valor máximo de US$1,74 millones por semana. Los principales rubros de consumo de acuerdo al valor pagado fueron el tomate, la papa, el plátano, la cebolla y el brócoli, para citar los cinco principales. También fue posible establecer valoraciones cualitativas sobre el consumo de estos productos; por ejemplo se determinó que para el 71,2% de las familias, la frescura representa la característica de mayor valor, además, el principal sitio donde los núcleos familiares realizan las compras de estos alimentos corresponde a supermercados (38,4% de los casos.

Late Pleistocene glaciations of the arid subtropical Andes and new results from the Chajnantor Plateau, northern Chile

Science.gov (United States)

Ward, Dylan J.; Cesta, Jason M.; Galewsky, Joseph; Sagredo, Esteban

2015-11-01

The spatiotemporal pattern of glaciation along the Andes Mountains is an important proxy record reflecting the varying influence of global and regional circulation features on South American climate. However, the timing and extent of glaciation in key parts of the orogen, particularly the deglaciated arid Andes, are poorly constrained. We present new cosmogenic 10Be and 36Cl exposure ages for glacial features on and near the Chajnantor Plateau (23 °S). The new dates, although scattered due to cosmogenic inheritance, imply that the most recent extensive glacial occupation ended before or during the global Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). We discuss this new record in the context of published glacial chronologies from glacial features in Peru, Bolivia, and northern Chile rescaled using the latest cosmogenic 10Be production rate calibration for the tropical Andes. The results imply regionally synchronous moraine stabilization ca. 25-40 ka, 15-17 ka, and 12-14 ka, with the youngest of these moraines absent in records south of ∼20 °S, including in our new Chajnantor area chronology. This spatial pattern implicates easterly moisture in generating sufficient snowfall to glaciate the driest parts of the Andes, while allowing a role for westerly moisture, possibly modulated by the migration of the Southern Westerly Wind belt, in the regions near and south of the Atacama Desert.

On the extension of the analytic nodal diffusion solver ANDES to sodium fast reactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ochoa, R.; Herrero, J.J.; Garcia-Herranz, N.

2011-01-01

Within the framework of the Collaborative Project for a European Sodium Fast Reactor, the reactor physics group at UPM is working on the extension of its in-house multi-scale advanced deterministic code COBAYA3 to Sodium Fast Reactors (SFR). COBAYA3 is a 3D multigroup neutron kinetics diffusion code that can be used either as a pin-by-pin code or as a stand-alone nodal code by using the analytic nodal diffusion solver ANDES. It is coupled with thermal-hydraulics codes such as COBRA-TF and FLICA, allowing transient analysis of LWR at both fine-mesh and coarse-mesh scales. In order to enable also 3D pin-by-pin and nodal coupled NK-TH simulations of SFR, different developments are in progress. This paper presents the first steps towards the application of COBAYA3 to this type of reactors. ANDES solver, already extended to triangular-Z geometry, has been applied to fast reactor steady-state calculations. The required cross section libraries were generated with ERANOS code for several configurations. Here some of the limitations encountered when attempting to apply the Analytical Coarse Mesh Finite Difference (ACMFD) method - implemented inside ANDES - to fast reactor calculations are discussed and the sensitivity of the method to the energy-group structure is studied. In order to reinforce some of the conclusions obtained two calculations are presented. The first one involves a 3D mini-core model in 33 groups, where the ANDES solver presents several issues. And secondly, a benchmark from the NEA for a small 3D FBR in hexagonal-Z geometry in 4 energy groups is used to verify the good convergence of the code in a few-energy-group structure. (author)

El presente como categoría histórica

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Jhon Rozo Mila

2011-01-01

Full Text Available La historia y el presente en el espejo de la globalización. Hugo Fazio Vengoa.Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Departamento de Historai, Centro de Estudios Socioculturales e Internacionales (CESO, Bogotá, 2008, 174 págs.

Comparison of CPR1000 and AP1000 rod position indication systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lei Qing

2009-01-01

This paper introduces the structure, the function, the digital detection principle of reactor control rod position and monitoring systems in CPR1000 and AP1000, comparing with the characteristics of the system design. The results show that the operation mode and function of AP1000 Rod position indication system are similar to that of CPR1000, but AP1000 rod position system provides higher reliability, and reduces the numbers of containment electrical penetrations and is with better characteristics than that of CPR1000, since it incorporated the redundancy design and data communication. (authors)

Holocene compression in the Acequión valley (Andes Precordillera, San Juan province, Argentina): Geomorphic, tectonic, and paleoseismic evidence

Science.gov (United States)

Audemard, M.; Franck, A.; Perucca, L.; Laura, P.; Pantano, Ana; Avila, Carlos R.; Onorato, M. Romina; Vargas, Horacio N.; Alvarado, Patricia; Viete, Hewart

2016-04-01

The Matagusanos-Maradona-Acequión Valley sits within the Andes Precordillera fold-thrust belt of western Argentina. It is an elongated topographic depression bounded by the roughly N-S trending Precordillera Central and Oriental in the San Juan Province. Moreover, it is not a piggy-back basin as we could have expected between two ranges belonging to a fold-thrust belt, but a very active tectonic corridor coinciding with a thick-skinned triangular zone, squeezed between two different tectonic domains. The two domains converge, where the Precordillera Oriental has been incorporated to the Sierras Pampeanas province, becoming the western leading edge of the west-verging broken foreland Sierras Pampeanas domain. This latter province has been in turn incorporated into the active deformation framework of the Andes back-arc at these latitudes as a result of enhanced coupling between the converging plates due to the subduction of the Juan Fernández ridge that flattens the Nazca slab under the South American continent. This study focuses on the neotectonics of the southern tip of this N-S elongated depression, known as Acequión (from the homonym river that crosses the area), between the Del Agua and Los Pozos rivers. This depression dies out against the transversely oriented Precordillera Sur, which exhibits a similar tectonic style as Precordillera Occidental and Central (east-verging fold-thrust belt). This contribution brings supporting evidence of the ongoing deformation during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene of the triangular zone bounded between the two leading and converging edges of Precordillera Central and Oriental thrust fronts, recorded in a multi-episodic lake sequence of the Acequión and Nikes rivers. The herein gathered evidence comprise Late Pleistocene-Holocene landforms of active thrusting, fault kinematics (micro-tectonic) data and outcrop-scale (meso-tectonic) faulting and folding of recent lake and alluvial sequences. In addition, seismically

El centro cultural: Una puerta abierta a la memoria

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Marcela Alejandra País Andrade

2006-12-01

Full Text Available En este artículo, describimos y analizamos las actividades culturales/recreativas ofrecidas en los centros culturales dependientes del Programa Cultural en Barrios, como formas posibles de usos de la/las memoria/s para representar el pasado. Responden a un contexto macro, el Centro Cultural, cristalizando una política pública-cultural (el Programa Cultural en Barrios como una de las diferentes formas por medio de las cuales, el Estado administra el recuerdo colectivo. Nos centramos en las actividades culturales/recreativas que realizan los jóvenes de sectores medios, en tres de estos centros culturales. Paralelamente, reflexionamos cómo significan sus estilos de vida a través de estas prácticas realizadas en su tiempo libre y vinculadas al consumo cultural hegemónico relacionado a las políticas culturales. Para ello, se han entrevistado coordinadores y promotores culturales, jóvenes de 18 a 24 años que realizan alguna actividad cultural/recreativa. Se han analizado encuestas, escritos y archivos generados por los Centros y por el Programa.Neste artigo nós descrevemos e analisamos as atividades culturais/de lazer oferecidas nos Centros culturais dependentes do Programa Cultural nos Bairros, como formas possíveis de usos da/s memória/s para representar o passado. Respondendo a um contexto mais amplo, o Centro Cultural, cristalizando uma política público-culturais (o Programa Cultural nos Bairros como uma das diferentes formas por médio das quais o Estado administra a memória coletiva. Nós colocamos a atenção nas atividades culturais/de lazer que realizam os jovens de setores médios em três centros culturais. Ao mesmo tempo, refletimos na forma em que eles significam seus estilos de vida através destas práticas realizadas no seu tempo livre e vinculadas ao consumo cultural hegemônico em relação às políticas culturais. Para fazer isto, nós temos entrevistado coordenadores e promotores culturais, jovens de 18 à 24 anos

The forest vegetation of Ramal de Guaramacal in the Venezuelan Andes

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cuello, A.N.L.; Cleef, A.M.

2009-01-01

Montane forest community composition of Ranial de Guaramacal, Venezuelan Andes, was studied along the altitudinal gradient on both sides of the range with different slope expositions. Thirty five 0.1 ha plots were Surveyed, with variable intervals of 30 to 150 meters between 1350 in and 2890 in and

The forest vegetation of Ramal de Guaramacal in the Venezuelan Andes

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cuello A., N.L.; Cleef, A.M.

2009-01-01

Montane forest community composition of Ramal de Guaramacal, Venezuelan Andes, was studied along the altitudinal gradient on both sides of the range with different slope expositions. Thirty five 0.1 ha plots were surveyed, with variable intervals of 30 to 150 meters between 1350 m and 2890 m and

Paleohidrología de los últimos 25000 años en los Andes bolivianos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

1995-01-01

Full Text Available PALÉOHYDROLOGIE DES DERNIÈRES 25 000 ANNÉES DANS LES ANDES BOLIVIENNES. Nous présentons une reconstruction climatique de haute résolution de l’Altiplano bolivien (Andes Centrales basée sur des données géomorphologiques, sédimentologiques, palynologiques et provenant de l’analyse des faunes d’ostracodes. Nous avons déterminé (1, de manière semi-quantitative, la température ainsi que (2 de façon quantitative, les variations des niveaux lacustres depuis la fin du Pléistocène (25 000 ans BP. Les principaux résultats obtenus sont les suivants: de 25 000 à 18 000 ans BP, les températures atmosphériques sont basses ainsi que les niveaux des lacs entre 18 000 et 15 000/14 000 ans BP, la présence d’une lacune de sédimentation est indicatrice d’une phase climatique sèche pendant le Tardi-Glaciaire (15 000/14 000 - 10 500, les lacs (phase Tauca et les glaciers se sont étendus de 10 500 à 8000 ans BP, les lacs et les glaciers reculent très rapidement pendant que la température globale moyenne augmente à l’Holocène moyen (8 000-3 900 ans BP, le climat régional est globalement de type sec autour de 3900 ans BP, le niveau du lac Titicaca monte fortement des conditions relativement humides s’installent alors et se maintiennent par la suite pendant le Petit âge de la Glace (16ème-19ème siècles, des conditions froides et humides prévalent. En base a datos geomorfológicos, sedimentológicos, palinológicos y el análisis de fauna de ostrácodos, se ha determinado (1, de manera semicuantitativa, la temperatura así como (2 los cambios cuantificados de las variaciones de los niveles lacustres desde el final del Pleistoceno (25 000 años BP. Los principales resultados obtenidos son los siguientes: de 25 000 a 18 000 años BP, las temperaturas atmosféricas son bajas así como los niveles de los lagos entre 18 000 y 15 000/14 000 años BP, una fase climática seca es definida por la presencia de una laguna de sedimentaci

Palm harvest impact in the western Amazon, Andes and Pacific lowlands

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Balslev, Henrik

2011-01-01

Palms are the most useful group of plants in tropical American forests and in this project we study the effect of extraction and trade of palms on forests in the western Amazon, Andes, and Pacific lowlands. We determine the size of the resource by making palm community studies in the different...

Estrés y síntomas en personal de salud del Hospital Universitario de Los Andes.

OpenAIRE

Manzanilla, María D.; Molina de González Méndez, Tivizay; Caltagirone, Raimondo; Vera , Mariflor; Torres, Adrián R.

2007-01-01

Editorial. ¡Ya tenemos símbolo, ícono o logotipo!. Now we have symbol, icono or logo!. Salinas, Pedro José Accidentes domésticos en ancianos. Municipio Libertador. Mérida. 1993-1996. Domestics accidents in elderly people. Libertador County of Mérida State. 1993-1996. Salinas, Pedro José Rojas Márquez, Reina Estrés y síntomas en personal de salud del Hospital Universitario de Los Andes. Stress and symptoms in health staff of the Hospital Universitario de Los Andes. Méri...

A high-altitude peatland record of environmental changes in the NW Argentine Andes (24 ° S) over the last 2100 years

Science.gov (United States)

Schittek, Karsten; Kock, Sebastian T.; Lücke, Andreas; Hense, Jonathan; Ohlendorf, Christian; Kulemeyer, Julio J.; Lupo, Liliana C.; Schäbitz, Frank

2016-05-01

High-altitude cushion peatlands are versatile archives for high-resolution palaeoenvironmental studies, due to their high accumulation rates, range of proxies, and sensitivity to climatic and/or human-induced changes. Especially within the Central Andes, the knowledge about climate conditions during the Holocene is limited. In this study, we present the environmental and climatic history for the last 2100 years of Cerro Tuzgle peatland (CTP), located in the dry Puna of NW Argentina, based on a multi-proxy approach. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), stable isotope and element content analyses (δ13C, δ15N, TN and TOC) were conducted to analyse the inorganic geochemistry throughout the sequence, revealing changes in the peatlands' past redox conditions. Pollen assemblages give an insight into substantial environmental changes on a regional scale. The palaeoclimate varied significantly during the last 2100 years. The results reflect prominent late Holocene climate anomalies and provide evidence that in situ moisture changes were coupled to the migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). A period of sustained dry conditions prevailed from around 150 BC to around AD 150. A more humid phase dominated between AD 200 and AD 550. Afterwards, the climate was characterised by changes between drier and wetter conditions, with droughts at around AD 650-800 and AD 1000-1100. Volcanic forcing at the beginning of the 19th century (1815 Tambora eruption) seems to have had an impact on climatic settings in the Central Andes. In the past, the peatland recovered from climatic perturbations. Today, CTP is heavily degraded by human interventions, and the peat deposit is becoming increasingly susceptible to erosion and incision.

Tectonic control of erosion in the southern Central Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Val, Pedro; Venerdini, Agostina L.; Ouimet, William; Alvarado, Patricia; Hoke, Gregory D.

2018-01-01

Landscape evolution modeling and global compilations of exhumation data indicate that a wetter climate, mainly through orographic rainfall, can govern the spatial distribution of erosion rates and crustal strain across an orogenic wedge. However, detecting this link is not straightforward since these relationships can be modulated by tectonic forcing and/or obscured by heavy-tailed frequencies of catchment discharge. This study combines new and published along-strike average rates of catchment erosion constrained by 10Be and river-gauge data in the Central Andes between 28°S and 36°S. These data reveal a nearly identical latitudinal pattern in erosion rates on both sides of the range, reaching a maximum of 0.27 mm/a near 34°S. Collectively, data on topographic and fluvial relief, variability of rainfall and discharge, and crustal seismicity suggest that the along-strike pattern of erosion rates in the southern Central Andes is largely independent of climate, but closely relates to the N-S distribution of shallow crustal seismicity and diachronous surface uplift. The consistently high erosion rates on either side of the orogen near 34°S imply that climate plays a secondary role in the mass flux through an orogenic wedge where the perturbation to base level is similar on both sides.

[Baltic connections : archival guide to the maritime relations of the countries around the Baltic Sea (including the Netherlands) 1450-1800)] / Enn Küng

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Küng, Enn

2009-01-01

Arvustus: Baltic connections : archival guide to the maritime relations of the countries around the Baltic Sea (including the Netherlands) 1450-1800). Leiden, Boston : Brill, 2007. Lisaks raamatule on arhiivijuht kättesaadav ka elektrooniliselt http://www.balticconnections.net/

Effect of Compost Application on Some Properties of a Volcanic Soil from Central South Chile Efecto de la Aplicación de Compost sobre Algunas Propiedades de un Suelo Volcánico de La Región Centro-Sur de Chile

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Pedro José Valarini

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Soil compost application is a common soil management practice used by small farmers of Central-South Chile that produces positive effects on soil properties and also promotes presence and activity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF. This fungi form symbiosis with plant roots improving plant nutrition, as well as producing glomalin, a glycoprotein that has been associated with soil aggregation stability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate, in an Ultisol from Central-South Chile, the effect of different doses of compost on some soil characteristics at the end of the third year of a crop sequence including wheat (Triticum aestivum L., bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., and grassland (Lolium multiflorum Lam. associated with Trifolium repens L.. Studied soil characteristics included chemical (pH, available-P, organic C, biological (C and N biomass, AMF spore number, root colonization percentage, mycelium length, and glomalin content, as well as physical parameters (water holding capacity [WHC], and water stable aggregates [WSA]. Results showed that, in general, compost application increased soil pH, mycorrizal roots, mycelium length, glomalin levels, and WSA. Significant relationships were found between C and N biomass, C biomass and WSA, C biomass and glomalin, WSA and WHC, among others. Results suggest that compost application to this type of soil is a feasible option as a fertilizer substitute, and a way to avoid soil erosion by small local farmers involved in organic agriculture.La aplicación de compost al suelo, práctica habitual en predios de pequeños agricultores de la región centro-sur de Chile, produce efectos positivos en sus propiedades y promueve la presencia y actividad de los hongos micorrícicos arbusculares (AMF. Estos hongos forman simbiosis con las raíces de las plantas mejorando su nutrición y además producen una glicoproteína llamada glomalina, la cual ha sido relacionada con la estabilidad de los agregados de

Identificación, caracterización y dinámica de las geoformas glaciales y periglaciales en la Cordillera de los Andes a través de sensores remotos

OpenAIRE

Falaschi, Daniel

2015-01-01

El presente trabajo de Tesis Doctoral tuvo el objetivo de estudiar los glaciares y glaciares de escombros en tres regiones montañosas a lo largo de la Cordillera de los Andes Argentina: Monte San Lorenzo (Provincia de Santa Cruz), Volcán Domuyo (Provincia de Neuquén), y Nevados de Cachi (Provincia de Salta). Cada uno de estos sitios presenta características climáticas propias, representativas de tres porciones particulares de los Andes: Andes Patagónicos Meridionales, Andes Centrales Meridion...

Valinia INIA, a New Early Storage Onion Variety for Central South Chile Valinia INIA, una Nueva Variedad de Cebolla de Guarda Precoz para la Zona Centro Sur de Chile

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Inés González A

2012-03-01

Full Text Available In Central South Chile, storage onion varieties (Allium cepa L. sold domestically usually begin the maturation process in March, which implies that a large proportion of bulbs do not mature adequately and do not resist prolonged storage. This situation led the Quilamapu vegetable program of the Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA to select an early maturing onion variety. This breeding method involved a recurrent selection with free plant crossing that began in 1994 on a population of 2000 plants of the 'Valenciana' commercial variety. Plants were first selected when they reached physiological maturity (tops down before 28 February, and then for shape, size, storage capacity, and single-centered bulbs. The result of the program was 'Valinia INIA', a type of Valenciana onion variety: early maturing, medium-sized bulb, spherical, yellow, and resistant to sprouting during storage. From the 2001-2002 to the 2008-2009 season, variety assays were carried out to compare 'Valinia INIA' with commercial cultivars, i.e., 'Sintética 14', 'Grano de Oro', and 'Valenciana Cobra'. 'Valinia INIA' precocity exceeded the other varieties in all seasons with a mean of 1.5 wk ahead of 'Sintética 14', which is the earliest commercial variety and more than 2 wk ahead of the other two. Its yield is similar to 'Valenciana Cobra' and higher than the other two varieties. Its storage capacity is similar to 'Grano de Oro' and 'Sintética 14', but greater than 'Valenciana Cobra'.En la zona centro sur de Chile es habitual que las variedades de cebolla (Allium cepa L. de guarda que se comercializan en el pais inicien el proceso de maduración preferentemente en marzo, lo que conlleva a que una gran proporción de bulbos no madure adecuadamente, no resistiendo el almacenaje por un tiempo prolongado. Esta situación llevó al programa de hortalizas del Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA Quilamapu a la selección de una variedad de cebolla de madurez

A new genus of Platynini (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from Argentina

OpenAIRE

ROIG-JUÑENT, Sergio

2003-01-01

Los Platynini constituyen un grupo de carábidos distribuidos ampliamente en América del Sur, existiendo la mayor diversidad de especies en las regiones tropicales de altura de Los Andes. En la Argentina y Chile, la mayoría de las especies de Platynini se hallan distribuidas en áreas extracordilleranas, conociéndose pocos datos para la región Andina. A partir de recolecciones realizadas en la Precordillera y Cordillera de los Andes en Mendoza (Argentina), se hallaron ejemplares pertenecientes ...

Calidad percibida por dos poblaciones adscritas a dos centros de salud de la provincia de Cuenca

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Retamal González Antonio

2000-01-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Para prestar un servicio de calidad es fundamental conocer la opinión que sobre la misma tienen los usuarios del mismo. El objetivo del presente trabajo es medir y comparar la calidad percibida por dos poblaciones asignadas a dos centros de salud de la provincia de Cuenca. MÉTODO: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal. Las Zonas Básicas de Salud estudiadas han sido el Centro de Salud de Cardenete y Centro de Salud de Motilla del Palancar, ambos del Área de Salud de Cuenca. Se ha hecho un muestreo aleatorio estratificado por cuotas de edad y sexo a partir de la tarjeta sanitaria individual. Se ha medido la calidad percibida con un cuestionario validado y fiable, utilizado anteriormente con fines similares por el Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo. RESULTADOS: Se analizan un total de 295 encuestas, 147 a varones y 148 a mujeres. La media de edad es de 48,83 años (DE: 18,77 para el Centro de Salud de Motilla, en Centro de Salud de Cardenete es de 61,93 años (DE: 15,17. La media de frecuencias mensuales de visitas para Centro de Salud de MP ha sido de 1,56 (DE: 1,91; esta media para el Centro de Salud de Cardenete ha sido:2,49 (DE: 4,27. La media de frecuencias semanales para el Centro de Salud de MP ha sido: 0,32 (DE: 0,66; para el Centro de Salud de Cardenete ha sido: 0,49 (DE: 1,03. El tiempo de espera en el Centro de Salud de MP ha sido: 10,86 minutos (DE: 8,27; en el Centro de Salud de Cardenete: 7,88 (DE: 4,55. 83,4 % de los usuarios de los dos Centros de Salud de conocen la posibilidad de libre elección de médico de cabecera. Se han encontrado diferencias estadísticamente significativas en 11 de los 21 ítems estudiados sobre calidad percibida de que consta el cuestionario CONCLUSIÓN. Los resultados de los componentes de la atención según el análisis factorial de los ítems de calidad percibida son coincidentes con los resultados de calidad percibida. De los dos grupos de usuarios estudiados, los que perciben

Difference of reactor core nuclear instrument between AP1000 and CPR1000

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Shidong; Zhou Can; Deng Tian

2014-01-01

As a typical generation Ⅲ reactor technique, the AP1000 applies many advanced design concepts, simplifies the design, reduces equipment quantities, and thus enhances systematic reliability. The comparison of reactor core measurement instrument differences between AP1000 and CPR1000 from several aspects was involved in the paper. Through analysis and comparison of these differences, passive design concepts and characteristics of AP1000 are familiarized, and conveniences for staffs engaged in CPR1000 to learn and grasp AP1000 technique are provided. It is useful in reactor start up, operation and maintenance. (authors)

Coupled geohazards at Southern Andes (Copahue-Lanín volcanoes): Chile's GEO supersite proposal

Science.gov (United States)

Lara, Luis E.; Cordova, Loreto

2017-04-01

Southern Andes are a young and active mountain belt where volcanism and tectonic processes (and those related to the hydrometeorological conditions controlled by this geological setting) pose a significant threat to the growing communities nearby. This proposal focus on a ca. 200 km long segment of the Southern Andes where 9 stratovolcanoes and 2 distributed volcanic fields are located, just along a tectonic corridor defined by the northern segment of the Liquiñe-Ofqui Faul System (LOFS), a long-lived active strike-slip fault running for 1200 km. Volcanoes in this area take part of the central province of the Andean Southern Volcanic Zone (37-41°S), particularly the northermost portion that is limited at the south by an Andean tranverse fault (Lanalhue Fault, which define the Villarrica-Lanin volcanic chain) and run along the horse-tail array of the LOFS to the north. Most of the stravolcanoes are atop of the LOFS main branch with only 3 exceptions (Callaqui, Tolhuaca and Lanín) 15-20 km away, but related to transverse faults. Hazards in the segment derive from the activity of some of the most active volcanoes in South America (e.g., Villarrica, Llaima), others with long-lasting weak activity (e.g., Copahue) or some volcanoes with low frequency but high magnitude eruptions in the geological record. Only since the beggining of the 20th century 80 eruptions have been recorded in this area. In addition, activity of the LOFS has been detected prior to some eruptions and coeval with some others (e.g., Lonquimay 1989). A strong two-way coupling between tectonics and volcanism has been proposed for the segment but only recently detected by geophysical techniques or numerical modelling. Tectonic triggered landslides are frequent in this region together with debris flows at erupting ice-covered volcanoes or stream headed at high altitude basins. The latter scenario seems to be worst at present because of global climate change. Ground-based monitoring networks for both

L1000CDS2: LINCS L1000 characteristic direction signatures search engine.

Science.gov (United States)

Duan, Qiaonan; Reid, St Patrick; Clark, Neil R; Wang, Zichen; Fernandez, Nicolas F; Rouillard, Andrew D; Readhead, Ben; Tritsch, Sarah R; Hodos, Rachel; Hafner, Marc; Niepel, Mario; Sorger, Peter K; Dudley, Joel T; Bavari, Sina; Panchal, Rekha G; Ma'ayan, Avi

2016-01-01

The library of integrated network-based cellular signatures (LINCS) L1000 data set currently comprises of over a million gene expression profiles of chemically perturbed human cell lines. Through unique several intrinsic and extrinsic benchmarking schemes, we demonstrate that processing the L1000 data with the characteristic direction (CD) method significantly improves signal to noise compared with the MODZ method currently used to compute L1000 signatures. The CD processed L1000 signatures are served through a state-of-the-art web-based search engine application called L1000CDS 2 . The L1000CDS 2 search engine provides prioritization of thousands of small-molecule signatures, and their pairwise combinations, predicted to either mimic or reverse an input gene expression signature using two methods. The L1000CDS 2 search engine also predicts drug targets for all the small molecules profiled by the L1000 assay that we processed. Targets are predicted by computing the cosine similarity between the L1000 small-molecule signatures and a large collection of signatures extracted from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) for single-gene perturbations in mammalian cells. We applied L1000CDS 2 to prioritize small molecules that are predicted to reverse expression in 670 disease signatures also extracted from GEO, and prioritized small molecules that can mimic expression of 22 endogenous ligand signatures profiled by the L1000 assay. As a case study, to further demonstrate the utility of L1000CDS 2 , we collected expression signatures from human cells infected with Ebola virus at 30, 60 and 120 min. Querying these signatures with L1000CDS 2 we identified kenpaullone, a GSK3B/CDK2 inhibitor that we show, in subsequent experiments, has a dose-dependent efficacy in inhibiting Ebola infection in vitro without causing cellular toxicity in human cell lines. In summary, the L1000CDS 2 tool can be applied in many biological and biomedical settings, while improving the extraction of

Mountain building in the central Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Kono, Masaru; Fukao, Yoshio; Yamamoto, Akihiko

1989-04-01

The Central Andes is the middle part of the Andean chain between about 13°S and 27°S, characterized by the parallel running high mountain chains (the Western and Eastern Cordilleras) at the edges of high plateaus with a height of about 4000 m and a width of 200 to 450 km (the Altiplano-Puna). From the examination of geophysical and geological data in this area, including earthquakes, deformation, gravity anomaly, volcanism, uplift history, and plate motion, we conclude that the continued plate subduction with domination of compressive stress over the entire arc system is the main cause of the tectonic style of the Central Andes. We propose that the present cycle of mountain building has continued in the Cenozoic with the most active phase since the Miocene, and that the present subduction angle (30°) is not typical in that period but that subduction with more shallowly dipping oceanic lithosphere has prevailed at least since the Miocene, because of the young and buoyant slab involved. This situation is responsible for the production of a broad zone of partial melt in the mantle above the descending slab. Addition of volcanic materials was not restricted to the western edge (where active volcanoes of the Western Cordillera exist) but extended to the western and central portion of the Altiplano-Puna. The western half of the Central Andes is essentially isostatic because the heat transferred with the volcanic activities softened the crust there. In the eastern edge, the thermal effect is small, and the crust is strongly pushed by the westward moving South American plate. This caused the shortening of crustal blocks due to reverse faulting and folding in the Eastern Cordillera and Amazonian foreland. The magmatism and crustal accretion are dominant at the western end of the mountain system and decrease eastward, while the compression and consequent crustal shortening are strongest at the eastern end and wane toward west. These two processes are superposed between

El (los Sur buscando al Sur. Una construcción entre estereotipos y realidad.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mabel Franzone

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Todas las lecturas que podamos hacer del Sur, de sus propias representaciones, de aquellas vehiculizadas por el Norte, de sus creaciones, de sus reacciones, de su búsqueda constante de identidad, son lecturas de múltiples situaciones, que llaman a cruces insoslayables entre pueblos, entre distintas etnias, entre disciplinas, entre sentimientos que van desde el rechazo hasta la atracción casi magnética entre los dos hemisferios. Nuestra intención primera era la de reunir de manera aproximativa las problemáticas actuales de los Sur, ligadas a lo imaginario.

La Familia Gomphotheriidae en América del Sur: evidencia de molares al norte de la Patagonia chilena

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Recabarren, Omar P.

2014-06-01

Full Text Available We present statistical studies made with ten molars M3 and m3 of south-central Chile, we compared material of gomphotheres Stegomastodon platensis, Stegomastodon waringi and Cuvieronius hyodon of South America. Also we analyze three fragments defense of the Chilean sites of Monte Verde, Mulpulmo and Nochaco. In the statistical analysis it is clear that the molars are very variable in shape, also in size and have a great dispersion, however in bivariate diagrams the molars of Chile were grouped with the molars large (genus Stegomastodon. The discriminant analysis indicates that five m3 are associated with Stegomastodon platensis and two with Cuvieronius hyodon, two M3 are associated with Stegomastodon platensis and one with Stegomastodon waringi. We discuss the sympatric between species S. platensis and C. hyodon in southern Chile.Damos a conocer los estudios estadísticos hechos con diez molares M3 y m3 del centro-sur de Chile, comparados con material de gonfoterios Stegomastodon platensis, Stegomastodon waringi y Cuvieronius hyodon de América del Sur. Además se analizan tres fragmentos de defensa provenientes de los sitios chilenos de Monte Verde, Mulpulmo y Nochaco. En el análisis estadístico es claro que los molares son muy variables en forma, así como en tamaño y presentan una gran dispersión, sin embargo en los diagramas bivariantes la mayoría de los molares de Chile se agrupan con los molares de talla grande (del género Stegomastodon. Los análisis discriminantes indican que de los siete m3, cinco se asocian a Stegomastodon platensis y dos a Cuvieronius hyodon. De los tres M3, dos se asocian con la especie Stegomastodon platensis y uno con Stegomastodon waringi. Se discute la probable simpatría de las especies S. Platensis y C. hyodon en el sur de Chile.

Oroclinal Bending and Mountain Uplift in the Central Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Mpodozis, C.; Arriagada, C.; Roperch, P.

2007-05-01

The large paleomagnetic database now available for the Central Andes permits a good understanding of the overall spatial and temporal variations of rotations. Mesozoic to Early Paleogene rocks along the forearc of northern Chile (23°-28°S) record significant clockwise rotations (>25°) [Arriagada et al., 2006, Tectonics, doi:10.1029/2005TC001923]. Along the forearc of southern Peru, counterclockwise rotations recorded within flat lying red-beds (Moquegua Formation) increase from about -30° at 17.5°S to - 45° at15.5°S and decrease through time from the late Eocene to the late Oligocene-early Miocene [Roperch et al., 2006, Tectonics, doi:10.1029/2005TC001882]. Recently published thermo-chronological studies show evidence for strong exhumation within Bolivian Eastern Cordillera and the Puna plateau starting in the Eocene while structural studies indicate that the majority of crustal shortening in the Eastern Cordillera occurred during the Eocene-Oligocene, although the final stages of deformation may have continued through the Early Miocene. Rotations in the Peruvian and north Chilean forearc thus occurred at the same time than deformation and exhumation/uplift within the Eastern Cordillera. In contrast Neogene forearc rocks in southern Peru and northern Chile do not show evidences of rotation but low magnitude (10°) counterclockwise rotations are usually found in mid to late Miocene rocks from the northern Altiplano. These Neogene rotations are concomitant with shortening in the Sub-Andean zone and sinistral strike-slip faulting along the eastern edge of the northern Altiplano. We interpret the rotation pattern along the southern Peru and north Chile forearc as a result of strong late Eocene- late Oligocene oroclinal bending of the Central Andes associated with shortening gradients along the Eastern Cordillera associated both with the Abancay deflection and the Arica bend. The amount and spatial distribution of pre-Neogene shortening needed to account for

Sr and Nd isotopic and trace element compositions of Quaternary volcanic centers of the Southern Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Futa, K.; Stern, C.R.

1988-01-01

Isotopic compositions of samples from six Quaternary volcanoes located in the northern and southern extremities of the Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ, 33-46??S) of the Andes and from four centers in the Austral Volcanic Zone (AVZ, 49-54??S) range for 87Sr 86Sr from 0.70280 to 0.70591 and for 143Nd 144Nd from 0.51314 to 0.51255. The ranges are significantly greater than previously reported from the southern Andes but are different from the isotopic compositions of volcanoes in the central and northern Andes. Basalts and basaltic andesites from three centers just north of the Chile Rise-Trench triple junction have 87Sr 86Sr, 143Nd 144Nd, La Yb, Ba La, and Hf Lu that lie within the relatively restricted ranges of the basic magmas erupted from the volcanic centers as far north as 35??S in the SVZ of the Andes. The trace element and Sr and Nd isotopic characteristics of these magmas may be explained by source region contamination of subarc asthenosphere, with contaminants derived from subducted pelagic sediments and seawater-altered basalts by dehydration of subducted oceanic lithosphere. In the northern extremity of the SVZ between 33?? and 34??S, basaltic andesites and andesites have higher 87Sr 86Sr, Rb Cs, and Hf Lu, and lower 143Nd 144Nd than basalts and basaltic andesites erupted farther south in the SVZ, which suggests involvement of components derived from the continental crust. In the AVZ, the most primitive sample, high-Mg andesite from the southernmost volcanic center in the Andes (54??S) has Sr and Nd isotopic compositions and K Rb and Ba La similar to MORB. The high La Yb of this sample suggests formation by small degrees of partial melting of subducted MORB with garnet as a residue. Samples from centers farther north in the AVZ show a regionally regular northward increase in SiO2, K2O, Rb, Ba, Ba La, and 87Sr 86Sr and decrease in MgO, Sr, K Rb, Rb Cs, and 143Nd 144Nd, suggesting increasingly greater degrees of fractional crystallization and associated intra

Hybrid Literacies: The Case of a Quechua Community in the Andes

Science.gov (United States)

de la Piedra, Maria Teresa

2009-01-01

Drawing on data from an ethnographic study in a Quechua rural community in the Peruvian Andes, this article examines hybrid literacy practices among bilingual rural speakers in the context of the household and the community. I examine the coexistence of two types of textual practices that operate side by side, at times integrated in the same…

CARACTERIZACIÓN FÍSIOGRÁFICA DE LA PUNA DE SAJAMA, CORDILLERA OCCIDENTAL DE LOS ANDES (BOLIVIA

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Fernando Javier Santa Cecilia Mateos

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo aproxima a la realidad física de la cordillera Occidental de los Andes. Un espacio geográfico donde los caracteres geológicos relacionados con el vulcanismo adquieren una relevancia especial en la configuración del paisaje andino. Los nevados y llanuras intermedias o altiplanos, son los dos elementos que constituyen la imagen de la puna andina, un territorio situado por encima de los 4.000 metros, ámbito intermedio entre los valles húmedos o yungas y las más altas cumbres de los Andes. A la singularidad volcánica habría que añadir la relacionada con el modelado glaciar, los aspectos hidrográficos y la biogeografia en esta área. El artículo toma como ejemplo de estudio la puna de Sajama en eldepartamento de Oruro, en la frontera boliviano-chilena.Abstract. This article approaches the physical reality of the Western Cordillera of the Andes. A geographical space where characters related geological volcanism are of particular importance in shaping the landscape Andean. The intermediate plains or mountains and plateaus, are the two elements that make up the image of the Andean puna, an area located above 4,000 meters, the middle ground between Yungas wet valley and the highest peaks of the Andes. A volcanic uniqueness should add that related to glacier modeling, hydrographic aspects and biogeography in this area. The article uses the example of the highlands of Sajama study in thedepartment of Oruro in Bolivian-Chilean border.

ISOSTATICALLY DISTURBED TERRAIN OF NORTHWESTERN ANDES MOUNTAINS FROM SPECTRALLY CORRELATED FREE-AIR AND GRAVITY TERRAIN DATA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hernández P Orlando

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Recently revised models on global tectonics describe the convergence of the North Andes, Nazca, Caribbean and South American Plates and their seismicity, volcanism, active faulting and extreme
topography. The current plate boundaries of the area are mainly interpreted from volcanic and seismic datasets with variable confidence levels. New insights on the isostatic state and plate boundaries of
the northwestern Andes Mountains can be obtained from the spectral analysis of recently available gravity and topography data.
Isostatically disturbed terrain produces free-air anomalies that are highly correlated with the gravity effects of the terrain. The terrain gravity effects (TGE and free air gravity anomalies (FAGA of the
Andes mountains spectral correlation data confirms that these mountains are isostatically disturbed. Strong negative terrain-correlated FAGA along western South America and the Greater and Lesser Antilles are consistent with anomalously deepened mantle displaced by subducting oceanic plates.

Inversion of the compensated terrain gravity effects (CTGE reveals plate subduction systems with alternating shallower and steeper subduction angles. The gravity modeling highlights crustal
deformation from plate collision and subduction and other constraints on the tectonism of the plate boundary zones for the region.

Climate in the Western Cordillera of the Central Andes over the last 4300 years

Science.gov (United States)

Engel, Zbyněk; Skrzypek, Grzegorz; Chuman, Tomáš; Šefrna, Luděk; Mihaljevič, Martin

2014-09-01

The Distichia peat core obtained in the Carhuasanta valley near Nevado Mismi, Cordillera Chila, provides information on climatic and environmental conditions over the last ˜4300 years. The relative changes in the stable carbon isotope composition of plant remains preserved in the core reflect major temperature fluctuations in the Western Cordillera of the southern Peruvian Andes. These temperature variations can be additionally linked with the changes in precipitation patterns by analysing C% and C/N ratio in the core. Relatively warm and moist conditions prevailed from 4280 to 3040 cal. yrs BP (BC 2330-1090) with a short colder dry episode around 3850 cal. yrs BP (BC 1900). The most prominent climate changes recorded in the peat occurred between 3040 and 2750 cal. yrs BP (BC 1090-800) when the initial warming turned to a rapid cooling to temperatures at least 2 °C lower than the mean for the Late Holocene. Initially drier conditions within this event turned to a short wet phase after 2780 cal. yrs BP (BC 830) when the temperature increased again. This event coincides with significant changes in peat and ice core records in the Central Andes matching the timing of the global climate event around 2.8 cal. ka BP. Climatic conditions in the study area became relatively dry and stable after the event for about 800 years. Highly variable temperatures and humidity prevailed during the last 2000 years when an extended warm and relatively humid period occurred between 640 and 155 cal. yrs BP (AD 1310-1795) followed by predominantly colder and drier conditions. The established δ13C peat record represents the first continuous proxy for the temperature in the southern Peruvian Andes dated by the AMS 14C. Distichia peat is wide spread in the Andes and the proposed approach can be applied elsewhere in high altitudes, where no other traditional climate proxies are available.

Ausentismo laboral de causa médica en el Instituto Autónomo Hospital Universitario de Los Andes.

OpenAIRE

Parada de Denis, María Eugenia; Rivas Padilla, Fernando; Moreno Barrios, Reyla; Rincón, Eglis; Mejía, Zurayma; Mora, Dania Margarita

2006-01-01

Editorial. ¡Ya tenemos símbolo, ícono o logotipo!. Now we have symbol, icono or logo!. Salinas, Pedro José Accidentes domésticos en ancianos. Municipio Libertador. Mérida. 1993-1996. Domestics accidents in elderly people. Libertador County of Mérida State. 1993-1996. Salinas, Pedro José Rojas Márquez, Reina Estrés y síntomas en personal de salud del Hospital Universitario de Los Andes. Stress and symptoms in health staff of the Hospital Universitario de Los Andes. Méri...

Primer registro del ratón colombiano del bosque Chilomys instans (Cricetidae: Rodentia en Cajamarca: actualizando el listado de mamíferos del Perú

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

César E. Medina

2016-12-01

Full Text Available El roedor Chilomys instans (Thomasomyini, Cricetidae es una especie común en la comunidad de mamíferos que habita los Andes del Norte en Sudamérica. Aquí presentamos el primer registro de la especie para el Perú, en base a la revisión morfológica de tres ejemplares colectados en el departamento de Cajamarca (Andes del Centro. Se presentan comentarios sobre la taxonomía de C. instans e información sobre su historia natural. La amplia distribución del género Chilomys en los Andes pone de manifiesto la necesidad de realizar la revisión taxonómica de éste género para esclarecer los límites de las especies que la conforman.

The analytic nodal diffusion solver ANDES in multigroups for 3D rectangular geometry: Development and performance analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lozano, Juan-Andres; Garcia-Herranz, Nuria; Ahnert, Carol; Aragones, Jose-Maria

2008-01-01

In this work we address the development and implementation of the analytic coarse-mesh finite-difference (ACMFD) method in a nodal neutron diffusion solver called ANDES. The first version of the solver is implemented in any number of neutron energy groups, and in 3D Cartesian geometries; thus it mainly addresses PWR and BWR core simulations. The details about the generalization to multigroups and 3D, as well as the implementation of the method are given. The transverse integration procedure is the scheme chosen to extend the ACMFD formulation to multidimensional problems. The role of the transverse leakage treatment in the accuracy of the nodal solutions is analyzed in detail: the involved assumptions, the limitations of the method in terms of nodal width, the alternative approaches to implement the transverse leakage terms in nodal methods - implicit or explicit -, and the error assessment due to transverse integration. A new approach for solving the control rod 'cusping' problem, based on the direct application of the ACMFD method, is also developed and implemented in ANDES. The solver architecture turns ANDES into an user-friendly, modular and easily linkable tool, as required to be integrated into common software platforms for multi-scale and multi-physics simulations. ANDES can be used either as a stand-alone nodal code or as a solver to accelerate the convergence of whole core pin-by-pin code systems. The verification and performance of the solver are demonstrated using both proof-of-principle test cases and well-referenced international benchmarks

High-resolution paleoclimate records of Holocene hydroclimatic variability in the Eastern Colombian Andes from Lago de Tota

Science.gov (United States)

Ahmed, M. N.; Bird, B. W.; Escobar, J.; Polissar, P. J.

2017-12-01

The Northern Hemisphere (NH) South American Monsoon (SAM) is a significant source of precipitation for the North Andes (north of 0˚) and has major control over regional hydroclimate variability. Holocene-length histories of NH SAM variability are few compared to the Southern Hemisphere (SH), limiting understanding of how these systems are connected on orbital and shorter timescales. Here, we present multi-proxy lake-sediment-based paleoclimate and paleohydrologic reconstructions from Lago de Tota, Colombia, using sedimentological, geochemical and leaf-wax hydrogen isotopic indicators from radiometically dated cores. The results indicate periods of wet and dry climate phases during the past 9000 BP with an average Holocene sedimentation rate 33cm/kyr. An increase in total organic matter (TOM) content and finer grain-size distributions was observed from 8000 to 3200 BP, suggesting a period of high lake level. This was followed by lower TOM and coarser grain sizes, suggesting lower lake levels from 3200 BP to the present. Although Tota's lake level pattern is antiphased with other lake level reconstructions from the NH and SH Andes, it is consistent with hypothesized changes in atmospheric convection over the Andes during the Holocene and the way in which they would be modified by the so-called dry island effect in the Colombian Andes. This suggests that a common forcing mechanism can be invoked to explain differing millennial-scale Andean hydroclimate changes, namely atmospheric convection. Orbital and Pacific atmosphere-forcing are therefore likely to have played a significant role in driving pan-Andean hydroclimate variability based on their inter-hemispheric influence on Andean convection.

Caracterización morfológica de cuarenta y seis accesiones de uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.), en Antioquia (Colombia)

OpenAIRE

Trillos González,Ofelia; Cotes Torres,José Miguel; Medina Cano,Clara Inés; Lobo Arias,Mario; Navas Arboleda,Alejandro Alberto

2008-01-01

La uchuva, Physalis peruviana L., crece como planta silvestre en las zonas tropicales altas de América, estando el centro de origen y diversificación en los Andes Suramericanos, principalmente de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. Se realizó la caracterización morfológica de 46 accesiones de uchuva provenientes del Banco de Germoplasma de la nación Colombiana, a cargo de La Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuarias, CORPOICA, en el Centro de Investigación La Selva, ubicado en la vereda Lla...

Morphologic characterization of forty six accessions of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.), in Antioquia (Colombia)

OpenAIRE

Trillos González, Ofelia; Cotes Torres, José Miguel; Medina Cano, Clara Inés; Lobo Arias, Mario; Navas Arboleda, Alejandro Alberto

2008-01-01

La uchuva, Physalis peruviana L., crece como planta silvestre en las zonas tropicales altas de América, estando el centro de origen y diversificación en los Andes Suramericanos, principalmente de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. Se realizó la caracterización morfológica de 46 accesiones de uchuva provenientes del Banco de Germoplasma de la nación Colombiana, a cargo de La Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuarias, CORPOICA, en el Centro de Investigación La Selva, ubicado en la vereda Lla...

Sexualidad, migraciones y fronteras en contextos de integración sur-sur

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Martha Cecilia Ruiz

Full Text Available Resumen Este artículo se pregunta sobre los procesos de diferenciación, jerarquización e inclusión/exclusión de poblaciones migrantes en contextos migratorios sur-sur, y sobre el rol que juega la sexualidad en estos procesos. Partiendo de un estudio etnográfico sobre las migrantes peruanas y colombianas en el sector del comercio sexual de Ecuador, se analiza la manera en que la sexualidad se convierte en un sitio privilegiado para re-imaginar las diferencias y jerarquías nacionales en un mundo globalizado e integrado regionalmente, y se explica cómo los regímenes de control sobre las migraciones y la sexualidad femenina se articulan entre sí para restablecer el orden idealizado de la nación.

TÉCNICAS DE LIQUENOMETRÍA BASADAS EN RHIZOCARPON SUBGÉNERO RHIZOCARPON PARA DATAR DEPÓSITOS GLACIARES EN LOS ANDES PATAGÓNICOS

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Irene Garibotti

2007-12-01

Full Text Available La liquenometría es una técnica de datación que estima la edad de exposición de una superficie a partir del diámetro de los líquenes que crecen en ella. El objetivo de este estudio es calibrar la curva de crecimiento de Rhizocarpon subgénero Rhizocarpon en los Andes Patagónicos, y aplicarla para reconstruir las fluctuaciones glaciares durante los últimos siglos. Para ello se investigaron seis glaciares, tres en el norte y tres en el sur de los Andes Patagónicos, en los cuales se realizaron mediciones del diámetro de ejemplares del subgénero Rhizocarpon en sitios de edad conocida (sitios control y sitios de edad desconocida. La edad de los sitios control se determinó fehacientemente a partir de información histórica. Los datos liquenométricos relevados en estos sitios control fueron utilizados para calibrar la curva de crecimiento. La relación entre el tamaño de los líquenes y la edad de la superficie (curva de crecimiento es lineal, indicando que los líquenes del subgénero Rhizocarpon tienen una tasa de crecimiento constante a lo largo del tiempo. Esta curva se extiende por 270 años. Aplicación de la curva a los datos liquenométricos relevados en las morenas de edad desconocida permitió establecer la cronología de la secuencia de morenas de los seis glaciares bajo estudio. Los datos liquenométricos fueron contrastados con datos dendrocronológicos, mostrando una gran concordancia entre los métodos. Los resultados obtenidos muestran dos períodos principales de formación de morenas. El primer período se extiende desde la mitad del siglo XVII hasta finales del siglo XIX, y está caracterizado por morenas muy prominentes. El segundo período se extiende desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta finales del siglo XX, y esta caracterizado por la formación de un gran número de morenas pequeñas.

Análisis de Gestion Tecnológica en Centros de Investigación

OpenAIRE

Carmen Castrejón Mata; Roberto Hernandez Sampieri; Hector Ruiz Rueda

2012-01-01

La existencia de los laboratorios tecnologicos y su importancia en muchos paises es reconocida, al ser centros que integran las mejores tecnologías disponibles de diversas profesiones y disciplinas que las universidades y centros de investigación prestan o ponen al servicio de la sociedad. Pero más que laboratorios que ofrecen esa tecnología de punta a esas disciplinas, son centros que desarrollan conocimiento, teniendo como resultado inmediato nuevas soluciones, diseños a las problematicas q...

ACT-1000. Group activation cross-section library for WWER-1000 type reactors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zolotarev, K I; Pashchenko, A B [National Research Centre - A.I. Leipunsky Institute for Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk (Russian Federation)

2001-10-01

The ACT-1000, a problem-oriented library of group-averaged activation cross-sections for WWER-1000 type reactors, is based on evaluated microscopic cross-section data files. The ACT-1000 data library was designed for calculating induced activity for the main dose-generated nuclides contained in WWER-1000 structural materials. In preparing the ACT-1000 library, 47 group-averaged cross-section data for the 10{sup -9}-17.33 MeV energy range were used to calculate the spatial-energy neutron flux distribution. (author)

Del gimnasio al ocio-salud Centros de Fitness, Fitness Center, Fitness & Wellness, Spa, Balnearios, Centros de Talasoterapia, Curhotel

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joaquín Reverter Masi

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Actualmente el sector “gimnasios y centros deportivos” se constituye como una parcela de gran importancia dentro del panorama de la industria del ocio. El auge creciente del sector ocio-salud se viene produciendo desde hace varias décadas, de modo que en la actualidad el ocio y tiempo de ocio, y ejercicio físico y deporte como ocio son predictores de calidad de vida. En este sentido es cuando podemos y debemos relacionar ocio con la calidad de vida, un concepto multidimensional que incluye todos los ámbitos de la vida humana (estado de la salud, bienestar, participación social, condiciones de vida.... En este trabajo se analiza como han ido evolucionado los centros dedicados a la practica deportiva y a la salud. Un sector que desde la antigüedad hasta nuestros días ha tenido que ir adaptando y ampliando su oferta de actividades y productos según las necesidades de los usuarios.

Arte, cultura e cuidado nos centros de atencao psicossocial

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Ana Tereza Costa Galvanese

2013-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar o processo de cuidado desenvolvido por meio de arte e cultura em centros de atenção psicossocial. MÉTODOS: Estudo integrado à pesquisa de avaliação dos centros de atenção psicossocial, em São Paulo, SP. Foram analisados os relatos da observação de tipo etnográfico de 126 atividades grupais de arte e cultura realizadas em 21 desses centros, entre 2007 e 2008. A análise incluiu depoimentos de coordenadores sobre os objetivos das atividades observadas. Baseado em referenciais teóricos da atenção psicossocial, utilizou-se da técnica de análise de conteúdo para investigar relações entre meios terapêuticos (enquadres, atividades e vínculos e objetivos das atividades. RESULTADOS: Três tendências de cuidado foram identificadas: (1 estritamente clínica, predominante e marcada por atividades realizadas dentro dos centros com foco em competências pessoais e interações grupais; (2 psicossocial, que incluiu atividades no território, ampliação dos repertórios culturais e da circulação social; e (3 residual, minoritária e sem ganhos psicossociais. CONCLUSÕES: A realização de atividades de arte e cultura que produzam cuidado na perspectiva da reabilitação psicossocial depende do acesso dos profissionais a bens culturais e a processos criativos, do reconhecimento dessas atividades como trabalho integrado a toda a equipe e da consideração de todos os atores envolvidos como produtores de fatos de cultura.

Temporal Analysis of Andes Virus and Sin Nombre Virus Infections of Syrian Hamsters

Science.gov (United States)

2007-05-01

Microbiology . All Rights Reserved. Temporal Analysis of Andes Virus and Sin Nombre Virus Infections of Syrian Hamsters Victoria Wahl-Jensen,1 Jennifer...Ye, C., J. Prescott , R. Nofchissey, D. Goade, and B. Hjelle. 2004. Neutralizing antibodies and Sin Nombre virus RNA after recovery from hantavirus

Glacial lakes of the Central and Patagonian Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Wilson, Ryan; Glasser, Neil F.; Reynolds, John M.; Harrison, Stephan; Anacona, Pablo Iribarren; Schaefer, Marius; Shannon, Sarah

2018-03-01

The prevalence and increased frequency of high-magnitude Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) in the Chilean and Argentinean Andes suggests this region will be prone to similar events in the future as glaciers continue to retreat and thin under a warming climate. Despite this situation, monitoring of glacial lake development in this region has been limited, with past investigations only covering relatively small regions of Patagonia. This study presents new glacial lake inventories for 1986, 2000 and 2016, covering the Central Andes, Northern Patagonia and Southern Patagonia. Our aim was to characterise the physical attributes, spatial distribution and temporal development of glacial lakes in these three sub-regions using Landsat satellite imagery and image datasets available in Google Earth and Bing Maps. Glacial lake water volume was also estimated using an empirical area-volume scaling approach. Results reveal that glacial lakes across the study area have increased in number (43%) and areal extent (7%) between 1986 and 2016. Such changes equate to a glacial lake water volume increase of 65 km3 during the 30-year observation period. However, glacial lake growth and emergence was shown to vary sub-regionally according to localised topography, meteorology, climate change, rate of glacier change and the availability of low gradient ice areas. These and other factors are likely to influence the occurrence of GLOFs in the future. This analysis represents the first large-scale census of glacial lakes in Chile and Argentina and will allow for a better understanding of lake development in this region, as well as, providing a basis for future GLOF risk assessments.

PACE 1450 EXP an experimental setup to study the mechanical behaviour of a standard zone of prestressed reinforced concrete containment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hermann, N.; Kiefer, D.; Gerlach, L.; Niklasch, C.; Le Pape, Y.; Bento, C.; Michel-Ponnelle, S.

2009-01-01

The PACE 1450 experimental project is an intermediate sized experiment to investigate the behaviour of a curved specimen which is representative for the prestressed containment of a 1450 MWe nuclear power plant. The specimen is loaded by air pressure simulating the internal pressure within the reactor containment under inspection and accidental conditions. The resulting ring tensile stresses of the cylindrical part of the containment are applied externally by eight hydraulic jacks. The initial prestressing of the specimen is realised in such a way that a decreasing of the prestressing force for the purpose of simulating the aging of the structure is possible. The mechanical part of the facility is designed in a way that with only slight modification also specimen with a different curvature can be tested under similar conditions within the capabilities of the set-up. The test campaign has been successfully started and is still running. Within the current project the specimen will be tested in 4 Runs which will culminate in a test with a pressure of 7 bar absolute at a temperature of 180 Celsius degrees. Further tests with air-steam-mixtures are possible but not yet decided

Solución de controversias en los tratados bilaterales de inversión: mapa de situación en América del Sur

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Magdalena Bas Vilizzio

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo analiza las características particulares del sistema legal internacional de solución de controversias inversor-Estado, con especial foco en los tratados bilaterales de inversión (TBI en vigor en América del Sur, salvo excepciones. En este marco, aplicando la teoría de los regímenes internacionales (Krasner, 1983, se examinan las tres posiciones de los Estados de la región en torno al tema: 1 no ratificar TBI ni ser miembro del Centro Internacional de Arreglo de Diferencias relativas a Inversiones (CIADI (Brasil; 2 denunciar los TBI en vigor y abandonar el CIADI (Bolivia, Ecuador y Venezuela; 3 mantener los TBI en vigor y permanecer en los foros de solución de controversias actuales (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Guyana, Paraguay, Perú, Surinam y Uruguay.

Effet de la composition de différents substrats culturaux sur ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SARAH

31 janv. 2014 ... Effet de la substrats culturaux sur paramètres de croissance ... des graines, mais ce substrat a donné des performances acceptables sur la croissance longitudinale des ..... élevés en conteneurs sur différents types de.

The evolution of the Luz y Fuerza del Centro substations. Volume 2; Evolucion de las subestaciones de Luz y Fuerza del Centro. Volumen 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carranza Ramirez, Sergio [Luz y Fuerza del Centro, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1997-12-31

This document cites historical background of how the Luz y Fuerza del Centro substations have evolved up to nowadays. A brief description is made of one electric substation, the substation design criteria are mentioned, since it must comply with the requirements of reliability, service continuity, service quality, economy, geographical location, just for mentioning some of them. The more utilized arrangements of the Luz y Fuerza del Centro substations are described. In the same manner, the remote control substations are described mentioning the main elements of this type of substations. Mention is made also of the technological incorporations that have been made to the substations and the perspectives there are from these. One line diagrams of the electric substations are shown, as well as from power plant substations [Espanol] Este documento cita antecedentes historicos de como han evolucionando las subestaciones de Luz y Fuerza del Centro hasta hoy en dia. Se realiza una breve descripcion de una subestacion electrica, se mencionan los criterios de diseno de una subestacion, ya que debe cumplir con los requisitos de confiabilidad, continuidad, calidad del servicio, economia, situacion geografica, por mencionar algunos de estos. Se describen los arreglos de las subestaciones mas utilizados por Luz y Fuerza del Centro. De igual manera se describen las subestaciones telecontroladas mencionando los principales elementos de este tipo de subestaciones. Se mencionan las incorporaciones tecnologicas que se han realizado a las subestaciones y las perspectivas que se tienen de estas. Se muestran diagramas unifilares de subestaciones electricas, al igual que se muestran las plantas de las subestaciones

Memoria de los Andes, memoria de la naturaleza

OpenAIRE

Usselmann, Pierre

2013-01-01

Hace más de 35 años, terminando su tesis (1965), OlivierDollfus destacó la importancia de los Andes, “inmenso ysuntuoso campo”, para futuras investigaciones. En ese entonces sus estudios trataban de la geomorfología; escribía que “una de sus razones de ser es justamente este vaivén constante entre la observación de los procesos actuales y el intento de explicación, es decir el análisis de las formas heredadas” (1964). Esta preocupación, esta noción de memoria de la naturaleza, complementaria ...

Air temperature change in the northern and southern tropical Andes linked to North-Atlantic stadials and Greenland interstadials

Science.gov (United States)

Urrego, Dunia H.; Hooghiemstra, Henry

2016-04-01

We use eight pollen records reflecting climatic and environmental change from northern and southern sites in the tropical Andes. Our analysis focuses on the signature of millennial-scale climate variability during the last 30,000 years, in particular the Younger Dryas (YD), Heinrich stadials (HS) and Greenland interstadials (GI). We identify rapid responses of the vegetation to millennial-scale climate variability in the tropical Andes. The signature of HS and the YD are generally recorded as downslope migrations of the upper forest line (UFL), and are likely linked to air temperature cooling. The GI1 signal is overall comparable between northern and southern records and indicates upslope UFL migrations and warming in the tropical Andes. Our marker for lake level changes indicates a north to south difference that could be related to moisture availability. The direction of air temperature change recorded by the Andean vegetation is consistent with millennial-scale cryosphere and sea surface temperature records from the American tropics, but suggests a potential difference between the magnitude of temperature change in the ocean and the atmosphere.

Adaptation and Genotype x Environment Interaction of Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L. Genotypes in South Central Chile Adaptación e Interacción Genotipo x Ambiente en Lino (Linum usitatissimum L. en la Zona Centro Sur de Chile

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Marisol Berti

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L. is imported into Chile mostly for bread making and feed. Identification of genotypes best adapted for seed production in South Central Chile would facilitate producer’s decision. The objective of this study was to determine the adaptation and genotype x environment interaction of 16 flaxseed genotypes (including 10 from North American and six from Argentine sources grown at 11 environments (defined as location-year in Chile from 2003 to 2007. Genotype seed yield was above 5700 kg ha-1 for some environments indicating a high yield potential. According to the AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction and SREG (Sites regression models the 11 environments were classified into four groups by the AMMI and three groups by the SREG models. Genotypes were classified into five groups by the SREG model with four of the groups as single genotypes. Overall mean seed yield was similar for all genotypes; however the genotype Nekoma was the most stable and higher yielding genotype across environments. The environment with the highest yield potential was Chillán 2003-2004, but this location had low yield stability across years. The environments with greatest seed yield potential, Chillán 2003-2004 and Los Ángeles 2004-2005, had irrigation during flowering and seed filling. Seed oil content fluctuated between 420 and 530 g kg-1. The climatic differences among environments did not influence oil composition as expected from previous research. Flaxseed appears adapted to South Central Chile with differences observed among genotypes for biomass and seed yield, harvest index, test weight, oil content, and composition.La semilla de lino (Linum usitatissimum L. se importa a Chile principalmente para panaderías y alimento animal. La identificación de genotipos altamente productivos en la zona Centro Sur de Chile facilitaría la decisión de los productores. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la adaptaci

Aridity changes in the temperate-Mediterranean transition of the Andes since ad 1346 reconstructed from tree-rings

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Christie, Duncan A.; Quesne, Carlos le [Universidad Austral de Chile, Laboratorio de Dendrocronologia, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos Naturales, Valdivia (Chile); Boninsegna, Jose A.; Morales, Mariano S.; Villalba, Ricardo [Instituto Argentino de Nivologia, Glaciologia y Ciencias Ambientales, IANIGLA, Departamento de Dendrocronologia e Historia Ambiental, Mendoza (Argentina); Cleaveland, Malcolm K.; Stahle, David W. [University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Tree-Ring Laboratory, Department of Geosciences, Fayetteville, AR (United States); Lara, Antonio [Universidad Austral de Chile, Laboratorio de Dendrocronologia, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos Naturales, Valdivia (Chile); Universidad Austral de Chile, Forest Ecosystem Services under Climatic Fluctuations (Forecos), Valdivia (Chile); Mudelsee, Manfred [Climate Risk Analysis, Hanover (Germany); Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven (Germany)

2011-04-15

The Andes Cordillera acts as regional ''Water Towers'' for several countries and encompasses a wide range of ecosystems and climates. Several hydroclimatic changes have been described for portions of the Andes during recent years, including glacier retreat, negative precipitation trends, an elevation rise in the 0 isotherm, and changes in regional streamflow regimes. The Temperate-Mediterranean transition (TMT) zone of the Andes (35.5 -39.5 S) is particularly at risk to climate change because it is a biodiversity hotspot with heavy human population pressure on water resources. In this paper we utilize a new tree-ring network of Austrocedrus chilensis to reconstruct past variations in regional moisture in the TMT of the Andes by means of the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). The reconstruction covers the past 657 years and captures interannual to decadal scales of variability in late spring-early summer PDSI. These changes are related to the north-south oscillations in moisture conditions between the Mediterranean and Temperate climates of the Andes as a consequence of the latitudinal position of the storm tracks forced by large-scale circulation modes. Kernel estimation of occurrence rates reveals an unprecedented increment of severe and extreme drought events during the last century in the context of the previous six centuries. Moisture conditions in our study region are linked to tropical and high-latitude ocean-atmospheric forcing, with PDSI positively related to Nino-3.4 SST during spring and strongly negatively correlated with the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) during summer. Geopotential anomaly maps at 500-hPa show that extreme dry years are tightly associated with negative height anomalies in the Ross-Amundsen Seas, in concordance with the strong negative relationship between PDSI and AAO. The twentieth century increase in extreme drought events in the TMT may not be related to ENSO but to the positive AAO trend during late-spring and

High altitude C4 grasslands in the northern Andes: relicts from glacial conditions?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Boom, A.; Mora, G.; Cleef, A.M.; Hooghiemstra, H.

2001-01-01

The altitudinal vegetation distribution in the northern Andes during glacial time differed from the present-day conditions as a result of temperature and precipitation change. New evidence indicate that as a response to a reduced atmospheric partial CO2 pressure (pCO2), the competitive balance

Mammalian carnivore occupancy is inversely related to presence of domestic dogs in the high Andes of Ecuador.

Science.gov (United States)

Zapata-Ríos, Galo; Branch, Lyn C

2018-01-01

Although the Andes have long been occupied by people, habitat loss, fragmentation through deforestation, and other human activities such as introduction of invasive species have increased drastically during the past century. The Ecuadorian Andes are considered a biodiversity hotspot. However, the fauna and threats to the region are poorly studied, and understanding of factors that shape the distribution of species in habitats disturbed by human activities is needed to identify and mitigate region-wide threats to wildlife. We evaluated factors associated with patterns of occurrence of Andean carnivores in landscapes of the northern Ecuadorian Andes, particularly habitat loss, fragmentation, and occupancy of domestic dogs, and determined whether thresholds occurred for these factors beyond which carnivore occurrence declined markedly. Five study areas (each 20 x 20 km) were surveyed with a total effort of 2,800 camera trap nights. Occupancies of four of the eight carnivores known from the region were best predicted by occupancy of domestic dogs rather than measures of habitat loss and fragmentation [Andean fox (Pseudalopex culpaeus), puma (Puma concolor), striped hog-nosed skunk (Conepatus semistriatus), and Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus)]. The two largest carnivores, puma and Andean bear, demonstrated significant threshold responses to the presence of domestic dogs at two sites. Four smaller carnivores were recorded too infrequently to model occupancy, and at least two of these species appear to be in decline. The magnitude of domestic dog impacts on native species in tropical areas like the Ecuadorian Andes currently are not recognized. Results of our study indicate that small and large carnivores are in urgent need of conservation and clearly point to dogs as a significant threat to a broad range of native species.

Setting practical conservation priorities for birds in the Western Andes of Colombia.

Science.gov (United States)

Ocampo-Peñuela, Natalia; Pimm, Stuart L

2014-10-01

We aspired to set conservation priorities in ways that lead to direct conservation actions. Very large-scale strategic mapping leads to familiar conservation priorities exemplified by biodiversity hotspots. In contrast, tactical conservation actions unfold on much smaller geographical extents and they need to reflect the habitat loss and fragmentation that have sharply restricted where species now live. Our aspirations for direct, practical actions were demanding. First, we identified the global, strategic conservation priorities and then downscaled to practical local actions within the selected priorities. In doing this, we recognized the limitations of incomplete information. We started such a process in Colombia and used the results presented here to implement reforestation of degraded land to prevent the isolation of a large area of cloud forest. We used existing range maps of 171 bird species to identify priority conservation areas that would conserve the greatest number of species at risk in Colombia. By at risk species, we mean those that are endemic and have small ranges. The Western Andes had the highest concentrations of such species-100 in total-but the lowest densities of national parks. We then adjusted the priorities for this region by refining these species ranges by selecting only areas of suitable elevation and remaining habitat. The estimated ranges of these species shrank by 18-100% after accounting for habitat and suitable elevation. Setting conservation priorities on the basis of currently available range maps excluded priority areas in the Western Andes and, by extension, likely elsewhere and for other taxa. By incorporating detailed maps of remaining natural habitats, we made practical recommendations for conservation actions. One recommendation was to restore forest connections to a patch of cloud forest about to become isolated from the main Andes. © 2014 Society for Conservation Biology.

CNEA - Centro Atómico Bariloche

Science.gov (United States)

en Ciencia y Tecnología Formación de Recursos Humanos de alto nivel Mapa del sitio Contacto Buscar en la formación de recursos humanos. Leer más: Centro atómico bariloche Próximos Eventos

SUR. Breve informe de la Expedición Yelcho al Polo Sur (1909-1910

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Ursula K. Le Guin

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Ursula K. Le Guin Escritora norteamericana, famosa por sus obras de ciencia fi cción y fantasía, en las cuales el tema de género ocupa una posición central. Ganadora de los premios Hugo y Nébula que la catapultaron a la fama. “SUR. A summary report of the Yelcho expedition to the Antarctic, 1909-1910”. Apáreció publicado por primera vez en la revista New Yorker, el 1° de febrero de 1982. La palabra SUR aparece en español en el original. (http://www.newyorker.com/ar Traducción de Susana E. Matallana Peláez

Sur terre comme sur mer: organisations spatiales en mer du Nord et mer de Norvège

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Maryvonne LE BERRE

1998-09-01

Full Text Available L'article montre, au moyen de représentations cartographiques et graphiques, les structures spatiales développées en mer pour l'exploitation des hydrocarbures. Malgré les différences de milieu, l'appropriation et l'occupation territoriales du domaine maritime s'effectuent selon les mêmes principes que sur le continent, à ceci près que ce qui s'étale en surface sur le continent se développe à la verticale en mer.

Caracterización de agregaciones de merluza de cola (Macruronus magellanicus en la zona centro-sur de Chile Characterization of Chilean hoki (Macruronus magellanicus aggregations off central-southern Chile

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Dante Queirolo

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Se realizó la caracterización mensual de las agregaciones de merluza de cola usando registros acústicos obtenidos por equipos SIMRAD EK60 y ES60 a bordo de tres embarcaciones multipropósito que operaron en la Unidad de Pesquería Centro-Sur durante el año 2003, para lo cual se emplearon descriptores morfológicos y batimétricos. En cuanto a su morfología, las agregaciones mostraron una amplia variabilidad, explicada por su nivel de cohesión y tendencia a formar agregaciones de gran extensión horizontal, mientras que batimétricamente se determinó que el 90% de éstas se ubicaron preferentemente entre 300 y 450 m. Existe evidencia de asociación entre diversos descriptores y estos a su vez con otros factores como talla media, temperatura del agua, latitud y mes, lo que permite describir apropiadamente la forma de las agregaciones y su ubicación en la columna de agua. Algunas relaciones relevantes corresponden a: profundidad de las agregaciones respecto a la profundidad del fondo (r = 0,55, altitud de las agregaciones respecto a la profundidad del fondo (r = 0,72, altitud de las agregaciones respecto al índice de profundidad relativa (r = -0,98 y profundidad de las agregaciones respecto a la talla media (r = 0,66.A monthly characterization of Chilean hoki aggregations was done using acoustic records ob-tained with SIMRAD EK60 and ES60 devices aboard three multipurpose vessels that operated in the central-southern fishery unit during 2003; this considered morphological and bathymetric descriptors. The wide mor-phological variation of the aggregations was explained by their cohesión level and tendency to form large horizontal aggregations whereas, bathymetrically, 90% of the aggregations were located between 300 and 450 m. Evidence of associations between various descriptors was found, and these were, in turn, associated with other factors such as mean size, water temperature, latitude, and month, allowing an adequate description of the

Hausse des taxes sur le tabac et politiques de lutte antitabac au ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Par ailleurs, les études existantes sur les effets des taxes sur le tabac sont fondées sur l'" élasticité de la demande en fonction du prix ", une mesure qui indique l'évolution de la demande globale de cigarettes en réaction à une modification des prix, mais qui ne tient pas compte des effets d'une augmentation des taxes sur ...

Pensando sobre los "centros abiertos": Una contribución desde Brasil

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Verónica Regina Müller

1999-11-01

Full Text Available Este artículo aborda algunos principios que se consideran básicos para el funcionamiento de un "centro abierto" en Brasil. El artículo resalta el absoluto respeto que debe haber hacia la cultura de los niños y jóvenes que viven en la calle y frecuentan el centro. Se comenta inicialmente el concepto de ciudadanía, concepto que significa un principio de trabajo en los centros abiertos. A partir de ahí, se derivan comentarios sobre el significado de otros temas como la participación, la responsabilidad, el respeto, la implicación, la identidad, la cultura y la libertad. Finalmente, se describe la metodología de trabajo de los centros abiertos. AbstractThis paper deals with some essential principles for the operation of an "open center" in Brazil. It emphasizes the thorough respect that should be kept towards the culture of children and youngsters who live in the streets and attend the center. First, the concept of citizenship is discussed, a concept that means a principle in the "open centers". Comments about the meaning of other issues are derived from that point: participation, responsibility, respect, involvement, identity, culture and freedom. Finally, there is a description of the open centers’ operational methodology.Keywords: Street children, childrens rights, homeless people, outreach programs.

Radiometric parameters in freshwater samples of Centro Experimental Aramar (CTMSP/Brazil)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moraes, Marco Antonio P.V. [Laboratorio Radioecologico (LARE), Ipero, SP (Brazil). Dept. de Seguranca Nuclear; Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2011-07-01

Experimental results are described obtained with gamma spectrometry, alpha and beta gross counts, liquid scintillation and fluorometry techniques for the measurement of background radiation in surface water samples, collected in Centro Experimental Aramar and surroundings, from 1988 to 2009. The estimated average background radiation concentrations in water samples in this region are low, related to the low level detection limits of the techniques, and indicates good water quality parameters, and low interference in the environment in Centro Experimental Aramar and region. (author)

El poder creador: tipos de poder y estrategias de sujeción en la frontera sur de Chile en la época colonial

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Boccara, Guillaume

1999-06-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se analiza la evolución de las estrategias y métodos utilizados por los españoles para dominar a los pueblos autóctonos (reche o mapuche del centro-sur de Chile. Se pretende demostrar que existe una diferencia radical entre el modelo de conquista imperante durante el primer siglo (1550-1641 y los dispositivos de sujeción que se asentaron después (1641-1810, pasando de una máquina de conquista soberana, que remite a un ejercicio violento del poder y que tiende a funcionar a partir de la integración-exclusión, a otra que se funda en una empresa de civilización-asimilación de los pueblos sin policía. Asimismo, se pone en evidencia el papel central jugado por los jesuitas en el paso de un modelo a otro.

Geografía, café y prosperidad en los andes occidentales de Colombia

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Juan Barón

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Compuesta por los departamentos de Antioquia, Caldas, Quindío, Risaralda y Valle del Cauca, los Andes Occidentales ha sido por mucho años una de las regiones más prósperas de Colombia. Esta prosperidad se ha traducido en condiciones de vida e infraestructura superiores a las del resto del país. El éxito y bienestar que presentan hoy en día los Andes Occidentales están estrechamente ligados a la concentración de la producción de café, que se dio allí durante gran parte del siglo XX. El arraigo del café en la región no sólo se dio debido a que la geografía ofrecía las condiciones ideales para el cultivo, sino también a las instituciones cafeteras creadas para organizar la industria del café. A pesar de esta prosperidad, el constante descenso del precio internacional del café después del rompimiento del pacto de cuotas de producción en 1989, sumado al estancamiento de la industria manufacturera en algunos departamentos de la región, han afectado las economías departamentales menos diversificadas. Es así como la región de los Andes Occidentales Colombianos presenta las tasas de desempleo más altas del país, tasas que se han visto afectadas aún más con la crisis financiera internacional a través del menor flujo de remesas que los trabajadores oriundos de la región, y residentes en el exterior envían a sus familias.

Nuevo centro olímpico en Lake Placid, EE.UU

OpenAIRE

Hellmuth, George; Obata, Gyo; Kassabaum, George

1980-01-01

Este nuevo centro deportivo, sede de los Juegos Olímpicos de Invierno de 1980, consta de una pista principal de hielo de dimensiones olímpicas con unos graderíos para 8.000 personas, y de una pista más pequeña utilizada para los Juegos U.S.A. Los servicios auxiliares se encuentran debajo de las gradas o en la estructura que enlaza el nuevo Centro con la pista ya empleada en los anteriores Juegos de 1932. Completa el complejo una Escuela Superior y una pista de forma oval para patinaje...

Effets de six composts sur les réponses physiologiques ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Les effets de ces six composts sur le potentiel hydrique, la fuite d'électrolyte, la teneur en amidon des feuilles et sur quelques paramètres agronomiques ont été évalués sur les plantes stressées en comparaison avec les plantes témoins. Les résultats indiquent des valeurs du potentiel hydrique foliaire très faibles et une ...

Linchamientos y conflicto político en Los Andes Lynchings and Political conflict in The Andes

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Carlos M. Vilas

2007-06-01

Full Text Available En 2004, los alcaldes de dos municipalidades de la región aimara de los Andes fueron linchados en la aparente culminación de agudos conflictos políticos internos y entre las respectivas comunidades y el Estado central. En este artículo se discuten ambos casos con el fin de ilustrar las transformaciones experimentadas en años recientes en la organización y la dinámica interna de las comunidades andinas, y de la articulación conflictiva de la política local en los procesos e instituciones de más amplio alcance. Precariedad social e incapacidad o renuencia del Estado para responder con eficacia a demandas básicas de determinados grupos de población configuran enmarcamientos socioeconómicos e institucionales de los linchamientos. En contraste con enfoques que enfatizan en factores culturales tradicionales o en un supuesto nacionalismo indígena, en el artículo se destaca la gravitación de fenómenos y procesos político- institucionales recientes en la transformación cultural y política de las comunidades, en el modo en que éstas procesan sus conflictos internos y con el Estado central.In 2004, two municipalitys mayors form the aimara Andes of Peru and Bolivia were subjected to mass lynchings as a result of the apparent culmination of violent political confrontations. This paper deals with these events as dramatic illustrations of the transformations the Andean communities experienced during recent decades in their internal dynamics, as well as in the articulation of local politics to processes and institutions beyond the communal limits. Structural precariousness combined with the state's inability or reluctance to come to terms with social or political demands from relevant segments of the people in the communities set the socioeconomic and institutional stage for lynchings. In contrast with approaches relating these events to an alleged indigenous cultural identity, the analysis points to the impact of the communities' political

Prediction of extreme floods in the Central Andes by means of Complex Networks

Science.gov (United States)

Boers, Niklas; Bookhagen, Bodo; Barbosa, Henrique; Marwan, Norbert; Kurths, Jürgen; Marengo, Jose

2014-05-01

Based on a non-linear synchronisation measure and complex network theory, we present a novel framework for the prediction of extreme events of spatially embedded, interrelated time series. This method is general in the sense that it can be applied to any type of spatially sampled time series with significant interrelations, ranging from climate observables to biological or stock market data. In this presentation, we apply our method to extreme rainfall in South America and show how this leads to the prediction of more than 60% (90% during El Niño conditions) of extreme rainfall events in the eastern Central Andes of Bolivia and northern Argentina, with only 1% false alarms. From paleoclimatic to decadal time scales, the Central Andes continue to be subject to pronounced changes in climatic conditions. In particular, our and past work shows that frequency as well as magnitudes of extreme rainfall events have increased significantly during past decades, calling for a better understanding of the involved climatic mechanisms. Due to their large spatial extend and occurrence at high elevations, these extreme events often lead to severe floods and landslides with disastrous socioeconomic impacts. They regularly affect tens of thousands of people and produce estimated costs of the order of several hundred million USD. Alongside with the societal value of predicting natural hazards, our study provides insights into the responsible climatic features and suggests interactions between Rossby waves in polar regions and large scale (sub-)tropical moisture transport as a driver of subseasonal variability of the South American monsoon system. Predictable extreme events result from the propagation of extreme rainfall from the region of Buenos Aires towards the Central Andes given characteristic atmospheric conditions. Our results indicate that the role of frontal systems originating from Rossby waves in polar latitudes is much more dominant for controlling extreme rainfall in

Sur un deplacement de valeurs: traire et tirer

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André Burger

1972-12-01

Full Text Available L'étymologie de firer est inconnue. Celie que le regretté W. von Wart burg a ern pouvoir avancer est inacceptable: firer serait sorti de marty rier par la grâce d'une fausse coupure mar tirier. Il est plus qu'improbable que cette «étymologie populaire» eût pu se produire si la langue ne possédait pas au préalable un verbe tirier. Au surplus aucun fait n'appuie cette hypothèse. Le FEW, t. VI, 1, p. 396, donne bien pour firer le sens de «torturer sur un treteam>, au XIIIe siècle, et p. 403, «démembrer en faisant tirer les quatre membles par des chevaux» et «torturer (qn en l'étendant sur un tréteau” au XIVe siècle; ces sens sont évidemment trop tardifs pour permettre des conclusions sur l'origine de firer, d'autant plus qu'ils s'expliquent sans peine par la valeur normale du mot, attesté dès la Chanson de Roland, sans aucun rapport avec martirie, mot savant de clerc, qui, dans le même texte s'applique deux fois sur quatre exemples aux Sarrasins, vv. 501 et 1467, où il ne signifie pas «martyre» mais <sur son étymologie et non sur les textes, que tirer aurait à l'origine »einen starken affektiven unterton« (FEW XIII, 2, p. 185. L'étude des exemples de la Chanson de Roland, confrontés avec ceux de traire, nons amènera à une conclusion toute différente.

Effets de l'audit clinique basé sur des critères sur de la qualité de la ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Effets de l'audit clinique basé sur des critères sur de la qualité de la prise en charge de la prééclampsie sévère dans le Département de Gynécologie Obstétrique du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo, Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Sibraogo Kiemtoré, Adama Dembélé, Adama Ouattara, Hyacinthe1,2 ...

Conférence sur l'efficacité

CERN Document Server

Jullien, François

2005-01-01

Philosophe et sinologue, François Jullien présente ici une conférence qu'il a prononcée auprès de chefs d'entreprise et dans le milieu du management. D'un côté, la conception européenne de l'efficacité est liée à la modélisation comme à la finalité et revendique l'action jusqu'à l'héroïsme ; de l'autre, la pensée chinoise de l'efficience, indirecte et discrète, s'appuie sur le potentiel de situation et induit des " transformations silencieuses ", sans éclat ni même événement. Par-delà cet écart, il s'agira d'interroger la nature de l'effectivité ; ou comment l'intervention humaine réussit à se brancher sur la propension des choses et s'y laisse intégrer. Ce propos se garde donc de séparer tant soit peu l'art d'opérer sur des situations et l'exercice de la philosophie ; en résultent des effets de lecture portant sur l'histoire du XXe siècle ainsi que la géopolitique - et géoéthique - à venir.

Nuclear Data for Safe Operation and Waste Transmutation: ANDES (Accurate Nuclear Data for nuclear Energy Sustainability); Datos nucleares para la operacion segura y la transmutacion de residuos: Andes (Datos Nucleares Precisos para la Sostenibilidad de la Energia Nuclear)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gonzalez, E. M.

2014-07-01

Nuclear research within the 7th Framework Program (FP7 and FP7+2) of EURATOM has devoted a significant fraction of its efforts to the development of advanced nuclear fuel cycles and reactor concepts, mainly fast reactors, aiming to improve the long term sustainability by reduction of the final wastes, optimal use of natural resources and improvement of safety in the present and future nuclear installations. The new design need more accurate basic nuclear data for isotopes, like minor actinides, potentially playing an important role in the operation, fuel concept, safety or final wastes of those reactors and fuel cycles. Four projects, ANDES, ERINDA, EUFRAT and CHANDA, supported by EURATOM within the FP7 and FP7+2, have put together most of the European Nuclear Data community to respond efficiently and in a coordinated way to those needs. This paper summarizes the objectives, and main achievements of ANDES, the project responsible for most of the measurements and technical achievements that was coordinated by CIEMAT. Indeed, CIEMAT has coordinated the nuclear data R and D projects within EURATOM during the last 7 years (NUDATRA domain of EUROTRANS, and ANDES) and will continue this coordination in the CHANDA project till 2017. (Author)

Mammalian carnivore occupancy is inversely related to presence of domestic dogs in the high Andes of Ecuador.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Galo Zapata-Ríos

Full Text Available Although the Andes have long been occupied by people, habitat loss, fragmentation through deforestation, and other human activities such as introduction of invasive species have increased drastically during the past century. The Ecuadorian Andes are considered a biodiversity hotspot. However, the fauna and threats to the region are poorly studied, and understanding of factors that shape the distribution of species in habitats disturbed by human activities is needed to identify and mitigate region-wide threats to wildlife. We evaluated factors associated with patterns of occurrence of Andean carnivores in landscapes of the northern Ecuadorian Andes, particularly habitat loss, fragmentation, and occupancy of domestic dogs, and determined whether thresholds occurred for these factors beyond which carnivore occurrence declined markedly. Five study areas (each 20 x 20 km were surveyed with a total effort of 2,800 camera trap nights. Occupancies of four of the eight carnivores known from the region were best predicted by occupancy of domestic dogs rather than measures of habitat loss and fragmentation [Andean fox (Pseudalopex culpaeus, puma (Puma concolor, striped hog-nosed skunk (Conepatus semistriatus, and Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus]. The two largest carnivores, puma and Andean bear, demonstrated significant threshold responses to the presence of domestic dogs at two sites. Four smaller carnivores were recorded too infrequently to model occupancy, and at least two of these species appear to be in decline. The magnitude of domestic dog impacts on native species in tropical areas like the Ecuadorian Andes currently are not recognized. Results of our study indicate that small and large carnivores are in urgent need of conservation and clearly point to dogs as a significant threat to a broad range of native species.

Apatite fission-track dating of erosion in the eastern Andes, Bolivia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Crough, S.T.

1983-01-01

Three samples from a Triassic-age batholith in the eastern Andes northeast of La Paz, Bolivia yield apatitic fission-track ages of 11-13 Ma. Interpreting these young ages as due to uplift and erosion requires approximately 2.5-5.0 km of erosion in the past 12 Ma, an amount which is consistent with the known geology and which is typical of many active mountain ranges. (orig.)

Caracterización morfométrica de la microcuenca de la quebrada los Andes, El Carmen de Viboral, Antioquia-Colombia Morphometrical characterization in los Andes watershed, El Carmen de Viboral, Antioquia-Colombia

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Yimmy Montoya Moreno

2009-07-01

Full Text Available Se evaluaron algunas características morfométricas básicas en la microcuenca de la quebrada Los Andes en el departamento de Antioquia (Colombia. La microcuenca tiene un área pequeña (Some morphometric characteristic were evaluated in the watershed of creek Los Andes department of Antioquia (Colombia. The headwater has a small area (<20km² with main direction in the axis S-N, with an elevation range between 2.700 and 2.200 m. asl. It presents a network of drainage well structured, for which presents a time of concentration of the water over 5 hours. The watershed is of class Kc2 with a high slope and a system of drainage subdendritic. This research permitted to identify the uses of the soil, being the adequate use the one that presented greater percentage (55% and the use is recommended conservationist in general for all headwater.

Quasi-two-body decays B→ηc(1S,2S [ρ(770,ρ(1450,ρ(1700→] ππ in the perturbative QCD approach

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Ya Li

2017-11-01

Full Text Available In this paper, we calculated the branching ratios of the quasi-two-body decays B→ηc(1S,2S [ρ(770,ρ(1450,ρ(1700→]ππ by employing the perturbative QCD (PQCD approach. The contributions from the P-wave resonances ρ(770, ρ(1450 and ρ(1700 were taken into account. The two-pion distribution amplitude ΦππP is parameterized by the vector current time-like form factor Fπ to study the considered decay modes. We found that (a the PQCD predictions for the branching ratios of the considered quasi-two-body decays are in the order of 10−7∼10−6, while the two-body decay rates B(B→ηc(1S,2S(ρ(1450,ρ(1700 are extracted from those for the corresponding quasi-two-body decays; (b the whole pattern of the pion form factor-squared |Fπ|2 measured by the BABAR Collaboration could be understood based on our theoretical results; (c the general expectation based on the similarity between B→ηcππ and B→J/ψππ decays are confirmed: R2(ηc≈0.45 is consistent with the measured R2(J/ψ≈0.56±0.09 within errors; and (d new ratios R3(ηc(1S and R4(ηc(2S among the branching ratios of the considered decay modes are defined and could be tested by future experiments.

Millennial-scale vegetation changes in the tropical Andes using ecological grouping and ordination methods

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Urrego, D.H.; Hooghiemstra, H.; Rama-Corredor, O.; Martrat, B.; Grimalt, J.O.; Thompson, L.; Bush, M.B.; González-Carranza, Z.; Hanselman, J.; Valencia, B.; Velásquez-Ruiz, C.

2016-01-01

We compare eight pollen records reflecting climatic and environmental change from northern and southern sites in the tropical Andes. Our analysis focuses on the last 30 000 years, with particular emphasis on the Pleistocene to Holocene transition. We explore ecological grouping and downcore

Angiosperm flora and biogeography of the páramo region of Colombia, northern Andes

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Londoño, C.; Cleef, A.; Madriñan, S.

2014-01-01

Páramo is the neotropical high elevation ecosystem in the northern Andes and Central America consisting of multiple dissected open areas above 3000 m a.s.l. Complex evolutionary processes that occurred within these ecosystems gave rise to a unique tropical Andean flora. Previous phytogeographical

Calculated WIMP signals at the ANDES laboratory: comparison with northern and southern located dark matter detectors

Science.gov (United States)

Civitarese, O.; Fushimi, K. J.; Mosquera, M. E.

2016-12-01

Weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) are possible components of the Universe’s dark matter (DM). The detection of WIMPs is signaled by the recoil of the atomic nuclei which form a detector. CoGeNT at the Soudan Underground Laboratory (SUL) and DAMA at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) have reported data on annual modulation of signals attributed to WIMPs. Both experiments are located in laboratories in the Northern Hemisphere. DM detectors are planned to operate (or already operate) in laboratories in the Southern Hemisphere, including SABRE at Stawell Underground Physics Laboratory (SUPL) in Australia, and DM-ICE in Antarctica. In this work we have analyzed the dependence of diurnal and annual modulation of signals, pertaining to the detection of WIMP, on the coordinates of the laboratory, for experiments which may be performed in the planned new Agua Negra Deep Experimental Site (ANDES) underground facility, to be built in San Juan, Argentina. We made predictions for NaI and Ge-type detectors placed in ANDES, to compare with DAMA, CoGeNT, SABRE and DM-ICE arrays, and found that the diurnal modulation of the signals, at the ANDES site, is amplified at its maximum value, both for NaI (Ge)-type detectors, while the annual modulation remains unaffected by the change in coordinates from north to south.

Calculated WIMP signals at the ANDES laboratory: comparison with northern and southern located dark matter detectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Civitarese, O; Mosquera, M E; Fushimi, K J

2016-01-01

Weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) are possible components of the Universe’s dark matter (DM). The detection of WIMPs is signaled by the recoil of the atomic nuclei which form a detector. CoGeNT at the Soudan Underground Laboratory (SUL) and DAMA at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) have reported data on annual modulation of signals attributed to WIMPs. Both experiments are located in laboratories in the Northern Hemisphere. DM detectors are planned to operate (or already operate) in laboratories in the Southern Hemisphere, including SABRE at Stawell Underground Physics Laboratory (SUPL) in Australia, and DM-ICE in Antarctica. In this work we have analyzed the dependence of diurnal and annual modulation of signals, pertaining to the detection of WIMP, on the coordinates of the laboratory, for experiments which may be performed in the planned new Agua Negra Deep Experimental Site (ANDES) underground facility, to be built in San Juan, Argentina. We made predictions for NaI and Ge-type detectors placed in ANDES, to compare with DAMA, CoGeNT, SABRE and DM-ICE arrays, and found that the diurnal modulation of the signals, at the ANDES site, is amplified at its maximum value, both for NaI (Ge)-type detectors, while the annual modulation remains unaffected by the change in coordinates from north to south. (paper)

Spatio-Temporal Patterns of the 2010–2015 Extreme Hydrological Drought across the Central Andes, Argentina

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Juan Antonio Rivera

2017-08-01

Full Text Available During the period 2010–2015, the semi-arid Central Andes in Argentina (CAA experienced one of the most severe and long-lasting hydrological droughts on record. Since the snowmelt is the most important source of water, the reduced snowfall over the mountains propagated the drought signal through the streamflows in the adjacent foothills east of the Andes ranges. Motivated by the widespread impacts on the socio-economic activities in the region, this study aims to characterize the recent hydrological drought in terms of streamflow deficits. Based on streamflow data from 20 basins, we used the standardized streamflow index (SSI to characterize hydrological droughts during the period 1971–2016. We found that the regional extent of the 2010–2015 hydrological drought was limited to the basins located north of 38° S, with mean duration of 67 months and maximum drought severity exhibiting a heterogeneous pattern in terms of spatial distribution and time of occurrence. The drought event reached extreme conditions in 14 of the 15 basins in the CAA, being record-breaking drought in six of the basins. This condition was likely driven by a cooling in the tropical Pacific Ocean resembling La Niña conditions, which generated a decrease in snowfall over the Andes due to suppressed frontal activity.

Towards sustainable seed production of centro in Uganda

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Uganda Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2000, 5: 13- 15. Printed in Uganda. ... cassava tuber yield. Production costs of I kg of seed were Shs 1200, 2000 and 3700 for centro ... of cassava are the second most important staple food of those ...

Respuestas del clima de América del Sur a las fases de ENSO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

1998-01-01

Full Text Available RÉPONSE DU CLIMAT DE L’AMÉRIQUE DU SUD AUX PHASES DE L’ENSO. Les phases hautes de l’ENSO, El Niño (EN, ou basses, Anti-Niño (AN, ont des répercussions diverses sur la pluviométrie de l’Amérique du sud. Pour caractériser ces diverses réponses, les précipitations annuelles ou saisonnières ont été réunies en trois groupes : celui des années EN, celui des années AN et celui des années normales. Les années qui précèdent les étés australs avec EN, les pluies hivernales dans le centre du Chili et dans les Andes de l’ouest de l’Argentine sont renforcées. Certaines années, on observe des sécheresses dans le Nordeste du Brésil au cours de l’été et de l’automne austral qui précèdent le phénomène El Niño dans le Pacifique Tropical. Au cours des mois de décembre à mars des années EN, il pleut abondamment sur la côte ouest de l’Amérique du Sud, depuis la baie de Tumaco jusqu’à Pacasmayo. À l’intérieur, dans la Sierra et l’Altiplano péruano-bolivien, on observe des sécheresses au cours de cette période alors qu’il pleut abondamment au cours de l’été et de l’automne austral dans les basses terres de l’Est de la Bolivie, du Paraguay et du Sud-Est du Brésil. À mesure que l’on s’avance vers l’automne austral, on observe de fortes précipitations dans la partie basse du bassin du Rio de la Plata et du Sud du Brésil. Dans la partie septentrionale et la partie inférieure du bassin amazonien les pluies sont déficitaires au cours des EN, pour devenir excédentaires au cours des AN. La partie intérieure du bassin amazonien réagit de manière inverse : on y observe des excès pluviométriques certaines années EN. Les régions du Venezuela et de la Colombie, sous l’influence climatique des Caraïbes et de l’Atlantique présentent des anomalies négatives de précipitation au cours des EN et une forte pluviosité au cours des AN. Une partie de la Pampa et de la Patagonie ne réagit pas aux

Taxes sur les cigarettes en Tanzanie | IDRC - International ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Taxes sur les cigarettes en Tanzanie. De 2002 à 2007, le tabagisme a connu une hausse de 20 % en Tanzanie, une augmentation qui devrait atteindre 46 % en 2016 si la tendance se maintient. On s'attend à ce que cette hausse du tabagisme ait d'importantes répercussions sur la santé publique et le développement ...

Macroinvertebrate community response to acid mine drainage in rivers of the High Andes (Bolivia).

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Damme, P.A. van; Hamel, C.; Ayala, A.; Bervoets, L.

2008-01-01

Several High Andes Rivers are characterized by inorganic water pollution known as acid mine drainage (AMD). The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between metal concentrations in the sediments and the macroinvertebrate communities in two river basins affected by AMD. In general, the

Cenozoic basin thermal history reconstruction and petroleum systems in the eastern Colombian Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Parra, Mauricio; Mora, Andres; Ketcham, Richard A.; Stockli, Daniel F.; Almendral, Ariel

2017-04-01

Late Mesozoic-Cenozoic retro-arc foreland basins along the eastern margin of the Andes in South America host the world's best detrital record for the study of subduction orogenesis. There, the world's most prolific petroleum system occur in the northernmost of these foreland basin systems, in Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela, yet over 90% of the discovered hydrocarbons there occur in one single province in norteastern Venezuela. A successful industry-academy collaboration applied a multidisciplinary approach to the study of the north Andes with the aim of investigating both, the driving mechanisms of orogenesis, and its impact on hydrocarbon accumulation in eastern Colombia. The Eastern Cordillera is an inversion orogen located at the leading edge of the northern Andes. Syn-rift subsidence favored the accumulation of km-thick organic matter rich shales in a back-arc basin in the early Cretaceous. Subsequent late Cretaceous thermal subsidence prompted the accumulation of shallow marine sandstones and shales, the latter including the Turonian-Cenomanian main hydrocarbon source-rock. Early Andean uplift since the Paleocene led to development of a flexural basin, filled with mainly non-marine strata. We have studied the Meso-Cenozoic thermal evolution of these basins through modeling of a large thermochronometric database including hundreds of apatite and zircon fission-track and (U-Th)/He data, as well as paleothermometric information based on vitrinite reflectance and present-day temperatures measured in boreholes. The detrital record of Andean construction was also investigated through detrital zircon U-Pb geochronometry in outcrop and borehole samples. A comprehensive burial/exhumation history has been accomplished through three main modeling strategies. First, one-dimensional subsidence was used to invert the pre-extensional lithospheric thicknesses, the magnitude of stretching, and the resulting heat flow associated to extension. The amount of eroded section and

“El marketing turístico del patrimonio cultural como alternativa de desarrollo del centro histórico de Bahía Blanca (Argentina. Diagnóstico de situación.”

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Andrés Pinassi

2012-06-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo forma parte del Proyecto General de Investigación: “Turismo y desarrollo: nuevos escenarios en la gestión integral de destinos turísticos en el Sudoeste bonaerense. Parte II”, que se lleva a cabo en el Departamento de Geografía y Turismo de la Universidad Nacional del Sur (Bahía Blanca, Argentina. El mismo tiene como objetivo: presentar un diagnóstico integral acerca de la utilización del centro histórico de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca como espacio de ocio, concentrador del patrimonio cultural local. Dicho análisis forma parte del Plan de Marketing Turístico desarrollado para el sector urbano bajo estudio, con el fin de dotarlo de mayor dinamismo y consolidarlo como lugar de encuentro, tanto para residentes como visitantes.

Programa de repoblamiento comuna de Santiago: un programa de gestión urbana

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Mauricio Valenzuela Verdugo

2003-09-01

Full Text Available En cuanto a su situación geográfica y topográfica, la ciudad de Santiago se encuentra ubicada en un valle precordillerano de la Cordillera de Los Andes, a unos 100 kilómetros del Océano Pacífico; y se ha desarrollado en una cuenca hidrográfica de 60 kilómetros de largo en el sentido norte sur, y unos 40 kilómetros de ancho en el sentido oriente poniente. Su aspecto general es de una planicie con pendiente aproximada de un 1% en el sentido oriente poniente, y con una altura promedio en torno a los 500 metros sobre el nivel del mar. Esta cuenca se encuentra rodeada en todo su entorno por cordones montañosos de una altura promedio de 1.500 metros, con una apertura hacia la Cordillera de Los Andes (denominado Cajón del Maipo, y otras dos aperturas (una hacia el norte y la otra hacia el sur que no coinciden linealmente, lo que no permite una ventilación del valle en el sentido horizontal de sur a norte.

Estimating Monthly Solar Radiation in South-Central Chile Estimación de Radiación Solar Mensual en la Zona Centro Sur de Chile

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José Álvarez

2011-12-01

mensual para la región centro sur de Chile mediante el uso del modelo r.sun y se validó con observaciones de estaciones meteorológicas automáticas. Se analizó el desempeño de los resultados de la irradiación global con los modelos Hargreaves-Samani (HS y Bristol-Campbell (BC. Las estimaciones del modelo calibrado r.sun explican un 89% de la varianza (r² = 0.89 en valores medios mensuales observados. El modelo se comportó muy bien para una amplia zona de las condiciones de Chile, comparados con los modelos HS y BC. Nuestras estimaciones de la radiación global utilizando el modelo r.sun podrían ser mejoradas aún más con una posterior calibración a partir de observaciones y una mejor estimación de la nubosidad en la medida que estén disponibles. Con procedimientos adicionales, el modelo r.sun podría ser utilizado para proporcionar estimaciones espaciales de la radiación solar diaria, semanal, mensual, y anual.

Population dynamics of the rat Microryzomys minutus (Rodentia: Muridae in the Venezuelan Andes

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Daniel R Cabello

2006-06-01

Full Text Available The population dynamics of the small forest rice rat Microryzomys minutus, a murid rodent that occurs in the high altitudes of the northern and central Andes, was studied in disturbed and primary environments in a cloud forest of the Venezuelan Andes (Juan Pablo Peñaloza National Park, 8º11’N, 71º49’W. We collected 121 animals (66♀♀ and 55♂♂ between 1995 and 1998, using pitfall traps with formalin. Adult males were heavier than adult females. Relative abundance was much greater in the disturbed environments (over 10 individuals in some periods than in the primary cloud forest: 4-8 individuals. In the disturbed environments, the rats were extremely abundant in the first sampling period, and less frequent afterwards. In the cropland, abundance showed some fluctuations during the study and displayed two small abundance peaks in March-June 1997 and 1998. In the mined area, the rats had irregular fluctuations until March-June 1997 and were not recorded in July-October 1997. The occurrence of this rat in both disturbed and natural habitats confirms the wide ecological tolerance of this species. Rev. Biol. Trop. 54(2: 651-. Epub 2006 Jun 01.Se analizó la dinámica poblacional de las pequeñas ratas silvestres del arroz Microryzomys minutus en ambientes alterados y primarios, en un bosque nublado de los Andes venezolanos. El estudio fue basado en 121 animales (66♀♀ y 55♂♂ recolectados entre 1995 y 1998, usando trampas que contenían formalina. Esta especie está presente en ambos hábitats lo que confirma su amplia tolerancia ecológica. La abundancia poblacional fue mayor en ambientes alterados que en los no alterados. M. minutus presenta dimorfismo sexual en el peso: los machos son más pesados que las hembras.

A glacial record of the last termination in the southern tropical Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Bromley, G. R.; Schaefer, J. M.; Winckler, G.; Hall, B. L.; Todd, C. E.; Rademaker, K.

2012-12-01

The last glacial termination represents the highest-magnitude climate change of the last hundred thousand years. Accurate resolution of events during the termination is vital to our understanding of how - and why - the global climate system transitions from a full glacial to interglacial state, as well as the causes of abrupt climate change during the late-glacial period. Palaeoclimate data from low latitudes, though relatively sparse, are particularly valuable, since the tropical ocean and atmosphere likely play a crucial role in Quaternary climate variability on all timescales. We present a detailed glacier record from the Andes of southern Peru (15°S), resolved with 3He surface-exposure dating and spanning the last glacial maximum and termination. Our dataset reveals that glaciers in this part of the Southern Hemisphere maintained their Late Pleistocene maxima for several millennia and that the onset of the termination may have occurred relatively late. Deglaciation was punctuated by two major advances during the late-glacial period. Following the glacial-interglacial transition, our preliminary chronologic and morphologic data suggest that, in contrast to the Northern Hemisphere, glaciers in the southern tropical Andes have experienced overall shrinkage during the Holocene.

Mass media, espacio y tiempo en Todos Santos, Baja California Sur

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Rossana Almada

2001-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo que aquí se sintetiza es un primer acercamiento, desde la perspectiva de autores entre los que destaca Manuel Castells, a un proyecto mayor que pretende analizar e interpretar el proceso de transformaciones que ha venido sufriendo el pueblo de Todos Santos, Baja California Sur BCS, debido a la llegada de dos contingentes de inmigrantes: el primero, rocedente de Estados Unidos y Canadá, llegó a comprar las casas del centro del pueblo; algunos con la intención de quedarse e instalar negocios, principalmente de venta de Bienes Raíces, otros, para pasar allí la temporada otoño invierno; y el segundo, traído del interior del país, principalmente de Acayucan Veracruz y de Ocotepec Guerrero como jornaleros agrícolas por una compañía Sinaloense. Esta inmigración ha introducido a Todos Santos dentro de lo que Castells denomina como sociedad red, es decir, dentro de procesos sociales organizados, cada vez más, en torno a redes que constituyen las nuevas formas de organización social. En resumen, el presente trabajo aborda los efectos de la globalización en la transformación de un pueblo sudcaliforniano, a través de la llegada de los inmigrantes arriba mencionados y del uso de los medios de comunicación vía satélite.

Detrital Zircon Provenance Record of Pre-Andean to Modern Tectonics in the Northern Andes: Examples from Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia

Science.gov (United States)

George, S. W. M.; Jackson, L. J.; Horton, B. K.

2015-12-01

Detrital zircon U-Pb age distributions from modern rivers and Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin fill in the northern Andes provide insights into pre-Andean, Andean, and active uplift and exhumation of distinctive sediment source regions. Diagnostic age signatures enable straightforward discrimination of competing sediment sources within the Andean magmatic arc (Western Cordillera-Central Cordillera), retroarc fold-thrust belt (Eastern Cordillera-Subandean Zone), and Amazonian craton (composed of several basement provinces). More complex, however, are the mid/late Cenozoic provenance records generated by recycling of basin fill originally deposited during early/mid Mesozoic extension, late Mesozoic thermal subsidence, and early Cenozoic shortening. Although subject to time-transgressive trends, regionally significant provenance patterns in Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia reveal: (1) Triassic-Jurassic growth of extensional subbasins fed by local block uplifts (with commonly unimodal 300­-150 Ma age peaks); (2) Cretaceous deposition in an extensive postrift setting fed by principally cratonic sources (with common 1800-900 Ma ages); and (3) Cenozoic growth of a broad flexural basin fed initially fed by magmatic-arc rocks (100-0 Ma), then later dominance by thrust-belt sedimentary rocks with progressively greater degrees of basin recycling (yielding diverse and variable age populations from the aforementioned source regions). U-Pb results from modern rivers and smaller subbasins prove useful in evaluating source-to-sink relationships, downstream mixing relationships, hinterland-foreland basin connectivity, paleodrainage integration, and tectonic/paleotopographic reconstructions. Most but not all of the elevated intermontane basins in the modern hinterland of the northern Andes contain provenance records consistent with genesis in a broader foreland basin developed at low elevation. Downstream variations within modern axial rivers and Cenozoic axial basins inform predictive models of

Volcanic deformation in the Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Riddick, S.; Fournier, T.; Pritchard, M.

2009-05-01

We present the results from an InSAR survey of volcanic activity in South America. We use data from the Japanese Space Agency's ALOS L-band radar satellite from 2006-2009. The L-band instrument provides better coherence in densely vegetated regions, compared to the shorter wave length C-band data. The survey reveals volcano related deformation in regions, north, central and southern, of the Andes volcanic arc. Since observations are limited to the austral summer, comprehensive coverage of all volcanoes is not possible. Yet, our combined observations reveal volcanic/hydrothermal deformation at Lonquimay, Llaima, Laguna del Maule, and Chaitén volcanoes, extend deformation measurements at Copahue, and illustrate temporal complexity to the previously described deformation at Cerro Hudson and Cordón Caulle. No precursory deformation is apparent before the large Chaitén eruption (VEI_5) of 2 May 2008, (at least before 16 April) suggesting rapid magma movement from depth at this long dormant volcano. Subsidence at Ticsani Volcano occurred coincident with an earthquake swarm in the same region.

Bridging the logistics gap for sustainable ethanol production: the CentroSul ethanol pipeline

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Megiolaro, Moacir; Daud, Rodrigo; Pittelli, Fernanda [CentroSul Transportadora Dutoviaria, SP (Brazil); Singer, Eugenio [EMS Consultant, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2009-07-01

The continuous increase of ethanol production and growth in consumption in Brazil is a reality that poses significant logistics challenges both for producers and consumers. The Brazilian local market absorbs a great portion of the country's production of ethanol, but the export market is also experiencing significant expansion so that both local and external market consumption will require more adequate transportation solutions. The alternative routes for Brazilian ethanol exports within the South and Southeast regions of Brazil range from the port of Paranagua, in the state of Parana, to the port of Vitoria, in the state of Espirito Santo. Each of these routes is about 1,000 km distance from the main production areas in the Central South states of Brazil. Brazilian highways and railways systems are overly congested and do not present efficient logistics alternatives for the transportation of large ethanol flows over long distances (cross-country) from the central Midwest regions of the country to the consumer and export markets in the Southeast. In response to the challenge to overcome such logistic gaps, CentroSul Transportadora Dutoviaria 'CentroSul', a company recently founded by a Brazilian ethanol producer group, the Brenco Group, is developing a project for the first fully-dedicated ethanol pipeline to be constructed in Brazil. The ethanol pipeline will transport 3,3 million m{sup 3} of Brenco - Brazilian Renewable Energy Company's ethanol production and an additional 4,7 million cubic meters from other Brazilian producers. The pipeline, as currently projected, will, at its full capacity, displace a daily vehicle fleet equivalent to 500 trucks which would be required to transport the 8,0 million cubic meters from their production origins to the delivery regions. In addition, the project will reduce GHG (trucking) emissions minimizing the project's overall ecological footprint. Key steps including conceptual engineering, environmental

Drunken Speech and the Construction of Meaning: Bilingual Competence in the Southern Peruvian Andes.

Science.gov (United States)

Harvey, Penelope M.

1991-01-01

Examination of the language use of drunken speakers in a bilingual Southern Peruvian Andes community found that drunken speakers were less constrained in their linguistic choices by individual linguistic competence and of differential status between speaker and addressee, and they exploited the ambiguities in implicit social meanings that normally…

Amalgamation and small-scale gold mining in the ancient Andes

OpenAIRE

Brooks, William E.; Schwörbel, Gabriela; Castillo, Luis Enrique

2013-01-01

In 1532, the volume of gold provided by Atahualpa, the Inka king, as ransom for his release from the Spanish was hard evidence for the efficient small-scale gold mining that took place before European contact and the number of gold occurrences in the Andes. At Huancavelica, Perú, mercury occurs as a native metal and as cinnabar [HgS], which was used for pigments, funeral preparations, and retorted to obtain mercury. Using Inductively Coupled Plasma analysis (ICP), an average of 15 ppm (parts...

CENTRO DE FORMAÇÃO DE RECURSOS HUMANOS EM TRANSPORTES URBANOS - CEFTRU

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Jose Augusto Abreu Sá Fortes

2010-04-01

Full Text Available

O presente trabalho irá apresentar questões referentes a criação do Centro de Formação de Recursos Humanos em Transportes Urbanos - CEFTRU. Tal Centro é um projeto bilateral entre os governos brasileiro e japonês, de iniciativa do Mestrado em Transportes Urbanos da Universidade de Brasília (UnB, sob os auspícios de Ministério das Relações Exteriores - Agencia Brasileira de Cooperação - MRE/ABC e da Japan International Cooperation Agency - JICA. O projeto visa a constituição e a posterior consolidação de um centro de excelência para a capacitação e a reciclagem de pessoal de nível superior, médio e fundamental em transportes urbanos, envolvendo as áreas de planejamento, gestão e operação do sistema, com impactos socioeconômicos para as populações urbanas. O Centro tem por objetivo melhorar a qualificação de pessoal envolvido com os transportes urbanos da administração publica e privada, englobando o território nacional, nas áreas de meio ambiente, informática e ensino a distancia e tecnologia de transportes e tráfego.

Cuando la alegría entra al centro de salud: una experiencia de promoción de salud en Buenos Aires, Argentína

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Claudia Bang

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Como parte de una investigación posdoctoral, el presente trabajo describe y analiza una experiencia de promoción y educación para la salud integral desarrollada por un Centro de Salud y Acción Comunitaria en una zona marginal urbana del sur de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo que utiliza técnicas cualitativas para el trabajo de campo y análisis del material. En articulación con las dimensiones de la APS integral, se describe y analiza un dispositivo vincular, centrado en la interdisciplina y la articulación intersectorial como elementos clave de la organización de los cuidados en salud, con la inclusión de la dimensión intercultural y la participación comunitaria. Se incorporan actividades de promoción de salud integral centradas en el arte, creatividad y juego, constituyéndose en una experiencia resistencial al modelo biomédico de atención, con fuerte impacto subjetivo en los profesionales y la comunidad participante.

Le Projet d’Ole Lando sur les Contrats

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Holle, Marie-Louise

2017-01-01

En 2016 le projet de recherche le plus important jusqu’à présent sur le droit nordique des contrats a pris fin et un livre, de presque 400 pages, en a marqué l’aboutissement. Le résultat du projet est un « restatement » tel qu’il existe aux États-Unis. Le Restatement porte sur les règles et les...

Desafíos en la transferencia de tecnología a los centros educativos

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José PEIRATS CHACÓN

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Partimos del modelo de transferencia de tecnología para analizar cómo los centros escolares reciben e incorporan a sus actividades los equipamientos tecnológicos. Particularmente analizamos las innovaciones generadas por esos procesos en el plano organizativo de los centros como receptores de la tecnología. Los datos analizados se desagregan de una investigación que actualmente se está realizando en 12 comunidades autónomas sobre el programa Escuela 2.0. En esta fase manejamos estadígrafos descriptivos y referencias de algunas de las entrevistas y de las observaciones de aula realizadas en los centros que participan en el proyecto «centro educativo inteligente». Los primeros análisis nos permiten señalar que en el caso del sistema escolar se sigue un patrón de transferencia muy peculiar: alta dependencia de las instancias políticas, se pone más énfasis en el equipamiento instrumental que en el conocimiento y, finalmente, escasa preparación previa de la organización receptora.

Mio-Pliocene aridity in the south-central Andes associated with Southern Hemisphere cold periods.

Science.gov (United States)

Amidon, William H; Fisher, G Burch; Burbank, Douglas W; Ciccioli, Patricia L; Alonso, Ricardo N; Gorin, Andrew L; Silverhart, Perri H; Kylander-Clark, Andrew R C; Christoffersen, Michael S

2017-06-20

Although Earth's climate history is best known through marine records, the corresponding continental climatic conditions drive the evolution of terrestrial life. Continental conditions during the latest Miocene are of particular interest because global faunal turnover is roughly synchronous with a period of global glaciation from ∼6.2-5.5 Ma and with the Messinian Salinity Crisis from ∼6.0-5.3 Ma. Despite the climatic and ecological significance of this period, the continental climatic conditions associated with it remain unclear. We address this question using erosion rates of ancient watersheds to constrain Mio-Pliocene climatic conditions in the south-central Andes near 30° S. Our results show two slowdowns in erosion rate, one from ∼6.1-5.2 Ma and another from 3.6 to 3.3 Ma, which we attribute to periods of continental aridity. This view is supported by synchrony with other regional proxies for aridity and with the timing of glacial ‟cold" periods as recorded by marine proxies, such as the M2 isotope excursion. We thus conclude that aridity in the south-central Andes is associated with cold periods at high southern latitudes, perhaps due to a northward migration of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies, which disrupted the South American Low Level Jet that delivers moisture to southeastern South America. Colder glacial periods, and possibly associated reductions in atmospheric CO 2 , thus seem to be an important driver of Mio-Pliocene ecological transitions in the central Andes. Finally, this study demonstrates that paleo-erosion rates can be a powerful proxy for ancient continental climates that lie beyond the reach of most lacustrine and glacial archives.

Influence of spatial resolution on precipitation simulations for the central Andes Mountains

Science.gov (United States)

Trachte, Katja; Bendix, Jörg

2013-04-01

The climate of South America is highly influenced by the north-south oriented Andes Mountains. Their complex structure causes modifications of large-scale atmospheric circulations resulting in various mesoscale phenomena as well as a high variability in the local conditions. Due to their height and length the terrain generates distinctly climate conditions between the western and the eastern slopes. While in the tropical regions along the western flanks the conditions are cold and arid, the eastern slopes are dominated by warm-moist and rainy air coming from the Amazon basin. Below 35° S the situation reverses with rather semiarid conditions in the eastern part and temperate rainy climate along southern Chile. Generally, global circulation models (GCMs) describe the state of the global climate and its changes, but are disabled to capture regional or even local features due to their coarse resolution. This is particularly true in heterogeneous regions such as the Andes Mountains, where local driving features, e. g. local circulation systems, highly varies on small scales and thus, lead to a high variability of rainfall distributions. An appropriate technique to overcome this problem and to gain regional and local scale rainfall information is the dynamical downscaling of the global data using a regional climate model (RCM). The poster presents results of the evaluation of the performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model over South America with special focus on the central Andes Mountains of Ecuador. A sensitivity study regarding the cumulus parametrization, microphysics, boundary layer processes and the radiation budget is conducted. With 17 simulations consisting of 16 parametrization scheme combinations and 1 default run a suitable model set-up for climate research in this region is supposed to be evaluated. The simulations were conducted in a two-way nested mode i) to examine the best physics scheme combination for the target and ii) to

La dimensión colaborativa con tic en la dirección de centros

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L. M. González Rodero

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo busca profundizar en la perspectiva e influencia del aprendizaje colaborativo a través de las TIC desde la gestión y dirección de centros educativos y como ello repercute en la formación del profesorado. Esta investigación forma parte de un proyecto que busca identificar la importancia y el grado de implantación de las tecnologías sociales en los centros de infantil y primaria de Castilla y León, a partir de una muestra de 24 centros de la Comunidad Autónoma acreditados con certificación TIC nivel 5 en el curso 2011-2012.

Racialization of the Bilingual Student in Higher Education: A Case from the Peruvian Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Zavala, Virginia

2011-01-01

In the Andes, a phonological transference known as "motoseo" has acquired ideological weight. People think that bilingual speakers of Quechua and Spanish "confuse" the vowels when speaking Spanish and that they are inferior to the ones who do not. In this article, I analyze the ideological agenda of the racialized verbal…

SRTM Perspective of Colored Height and Shaded Relief Laguna Mellquina, Andes Mountains, Argentina

Science.gov (United States)

2001-01-01

This depiction of an area south of San Martin de Los Andes, Argentina, is the first Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM)view of the Andes Mountains, the tallest mountain chain in the western hemisphere. This particular site does not include the higher Andes peaks, but it does include steep-sided valleys and other distinctive landforms carved by Pleistocene glaciers. Elevations here range from about 700 to 2,440 meters (2,300 to 8,000 feet). This region is very active tectonically and volcanically, and the landforms provide a record of the changes that have occurred over many thousands of years. Large lakes fill the broad mountain valleys, and the spectacular scenery here makes this area a popular resort destination for Argentinians.Three visualization methods were combined to produce this image: shading, color coding of topographic height and a perspective view. The shade image was derived by computing topographic slope in the north-south direction. Northern slopes appear bright and southern slopes appear dark, as would be the case at noon at this latitude in the southern hemisphere. Color coding is directly related to topographic height, with green at the lower elevations, rising through yellow, red, and magenta, to white at the highest elevations. The perspective is toward the west, 20 degrees off horizontal with 2X vertical exaggeration. The back (west) edge of the data set forms a false skyline within the Andes Range.Elevation data used in this image was acquired by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission aboard Space Shuttle Endeavour, launched on February 11, 2000. SRTM used the same radar instrument that comprised the Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR) that flew twice on Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1994. SRTM was designed to collect three-dimensional measurements of Earth's surface. To collect the 3-D data, engineers added a 60-meter-long (200-foot) mast, installed additional C-band and X-band antennas, and improved

Droits, justice et réseaux sociaux sur Internet (Amérique latine ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

... sur la question de la protection des renseignements personnels sur Internet, ... Derechos y justicia y el movimiento social en internet (5 de agosto de 2009 ... Programme de recherche sur le virus Zika Canada-Amérique latine et Caraïbes.

"Nervios" and "Modern Childhood": Migration and Shifting Contexts of Child Life in the Ecuadorian Andes.

Science.gov (United States)

Pribilsky, Jason

2001-01-01

Argues that beyond explanations predicated on psychological ideas of separation and attachment, "nervios," a depression-like disorder among children in the southern Ecuadorian Andes, reflects the limits of children's abilities to accept terms of family life increasingly defined through transnational migration and new consumption…

El centro histórico de Barranquilla: problemáticas ambientales y sociales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Myriam Graciela Bonilla Becerra

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Los procesos de rehabilitación de los centros históricos en diversas ciudades del mundo, no solo se enfocan en los aspectos arquitectónicos o de espacio público, sino que deben atender los problemas ambientales. El centro histórico es por lo general el área con mayor degradación ambiental a nivel de contaminación atmosférica, contaminación por ruido, manejo de residuos sólidos y otras formas de contaminación de la ciudad; pero en el caso de Barranquilla el sistema de caños de la ciudad ha sido afectado por las actividades propias de su centro histórico, llevándolos a un estado de degradación y contaminación que no ha sido solucionado en forma definitiva. La recuperación de los caños de Barranquilla es un asunto prioritario y es por esto que el gobierno colombiano ha aprobado la “Implementación Plan de Saneamiento de los Caños de la Cuenca Oriental de la Ciudad de Barranquilla”, cuyo costo asciende 75.554 millones de pesos. Lo que permitirá darle una nueva cara al centro histórico de la ciudad.

A systematic reassessment and paleogeographic review of fossil xenarthra from Peru

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

2004-01-01

Full Text Available La révision des Xénarthres péruviens ainsi que la découverte de nouveaux spécimens permet d’étendre la connaissance de cet ordre sur ce territoire. Une trentaine de sites de la forêt amazonienne, des Andes et de la Côte ont révélé la présence de Xénarthres au Pérou. Thalassocnus, du mio-pliocène de la Formation Pisco, est le seul Xénarthre pré-pléistocène bien connu. Les Phyllophaga (Megatheriidae, Nothrotheriidae, Mylodontidae et Megalonychidae et les Cingulata (Pampatheriidae et Glyptodontidae pléistocènes sont rares dans la forêt amazonienne, mais sont abondants sur la côte et extrêmement fréquents dans les Andes (entre 2 500 et 4 500 mètres d’altitude. Les Cingulata sont faiblement diversifiés et représentés uniquement sur la côte par Holmesina cf. paulacoutoi et dans les Andes par Glyptodon clavipes. Le mylodontide Glossotherium sp. est reconnu sur l’ensemble de la côte péruvienne alors que le scelidotheriine Scelidodon chiliensis est abondant dans les Andes ainsi que sur la côte nord. Les nothrotheridés pléistocènes sont uniquement localisés en forêt amazonienne (Nothropus priscus de Río Acre. Les Megatheriidae sont géographiquement particulièrement bien représentés et diversifiés. Le taxon tropical Eremotherium (E. laurillardi est présent sur la côte nord et peut-être également par une forme de grande taille en Amazonie. Le genre tempéré Megatherium est représenté au Pérou par une lignée andine présentant des formes de petite taille, quadrupèdes et plutôt brouteuses (Megatherium (Pseudomegatherium. Cette lignée regroupe M. (P. tarijense, M. (P. elenense, M. (P. urbinai ainsi qu’une espèce inédite du nord des Andes. Les taxons de grande taille tels que Megatherium (Megatherium americanum, Lestodon sp. et Scelidotherium leptocephalum, typiques des vastes pampas d’Argentine, sont absents au Pérou. Un nouveau mégalonychidé très particulier vient d’être découvert sur la c

The PACE-1450 experiment - Crack and leakage behavior of a pre-stressed concrete containment wall considering ageing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hermann, N.; Mueller, H.S.; Niklasch, C.; Michel-Ponnelle, S.; Bento, C.; Masson, B.

2015-01-01

As an intermediate sized experiment the PACE-1450 experiment aims to investigate the behavior of a curved specimen (length: 3.5 m, width: 1.8 m, height: 1.2 m) which is representative for a 1450 MWe nuclear power plant containment under accidental loading conditions. One focus of this experimental test campaign is the consideration of the ageing of the structure which among other effects leads to a pre-stressing loss. The crack behavior of the realistically reinforced specimen is of as much interest as it is the leakage behavior when an inner pressure occurs within the containment. The reinforcement layout of the specimen is very similar to the original geometry and consists mainly of reinforcement meshes of bars near the inner and outer surface and four pre-stressing cables in the circumferential direction. During the tests the specimen is loaded by pressure which simulates the internal accidental containment pressure of up to 6 bars (absolute pressure). The resulting ring tensile stress in the cylindrical part of the containment is externally applied by hydraulic jacks. An initial pre-stressing of the specimen of 12 MPa is realized in such a way that decreasing the pre-stressing force for the purpose of simulating the ageing of the structure is possible. The facility allows for the cracking of the pre-stressed specimen and for leakage measurements at different controlled crack widths. The specimen is equipped with embedded optical fiber strain and temperature sensors and a sound detection system to record the initiation of cracks. The paper explains the test set-up and presents results of the ongoing test series regarding the cracking and leakage behavior of the specimen

AP1000 Design for Security

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Long, L.B.; Cummins, W.E.; Winters, J.W.

2006-01-01

Nuclear power plants are protected from potential security threats through a combination of robust structures around the primary system and other vital equipment, security systems and equipment, and defensive strategy. The overall objective for nuclear power plant security is to protect public health and safety by ensuring that attacks or sabotage do not challenge the ability to safely shutdown the plant or protect from radiological releases. In addition, plants have systems, features and operational strategies to cope with external conditions, such as loss of offsite power, which could be created as part of an attack. Westinghouse considered potential security threats during design of the AP1000 PWR. The differences in plant configuration, safety system design, and safe shutdown equipment between existing plants and AP1000 affect potential vulnerabilities. This paper provides an evaluation of AP1000 with respect to vulnerabilities to security threats. The AP1000 design differs from the design of operating PWRs in the US in the configuration and the functional requirements for safety systems. These differences are intentional departures from conventional PWR designs which simplify plant design and enhance overall safety. The differences between the AP1000 PWR and conventional PWRs can impact vulnerabilities to security threats. The NRC addressed security concerns as part of their reviews for AP1000 Design Certification, and did not identify any security issues of concern. However, much of the detailed security design information for the AP1000 was deferred to the combined Construction and Operating License (COL) phase as many of the security issues are site-specific. Therefore, NRC review of security issues related to the AP1000 is not necessarily complete. Further, since the AP1000 plant design differs from existing PWRs, it is not obvious that the analyses and assessments prepared for existing plants also apply to the AP1000. We conclude that, overall, the AP1000

Adaptive institutions? Peasant institutions and natural models facing climatic and economic changes in the Colombian Andes

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Feola, Giuseppe

2017-01-01

In the Colombian Andes, peasants have co-evolved with their environment for centuries, but it is uncertain whether traditional informal institutions and natural models are adapting to current and possibly unprecedented economic and climatic disturbances. This study investigated institutional

Recherche en partenariat sur la transition nutritionnelle et les ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

l'évolution du risque a suivi et a débouché sur une stratégie de prévention ... de recherche ont pu avoir un impact sur les politiques et pro- .... Deux études étaient donc entreprises ..... à la même thématique et de recruter par eux-mêmes les.

Hydrological Modeling of Highly Glacierized Basins (Andes, Alps, and Central Asia

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Nina Omani

2017-02-01

Full Text Available The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT was used to simulate five glacierized river basins that are global in coverage and vary in climate. The river basins included the Narayani (Nepal, Vakhsh (Central Asia, Rhone (Switzerland, Mendoza (Central Andes, Argentina, and Central Dry Andes (Chile, with a total area of 85,000 km2. A modified SWAT snow algorithm was applied in order to consider spatial variation of associated snowmelt/accumulation by elevation band across each subbasin. In previous studies, melt rates varied as a function of elevation because of an air temperature gradient while the snow parameters were constant throughout the entire basin. A major improvement of the new snow algorithm is the separation of the glaciers from seasonal snow based on their characteristics. Two SWAT snow algorithms were evaluated in simulation of monthly runoff from the glaciered watersheds: (1 the snow parameters are lumped (constant throughout the entire basin and (2 the snow parameters are spatially variable based on elevation bands of a subbasin (modified snow algorithm. Applying the distributed SWAT snow algorithm improved the model performance in simulation of monthly runoff with snow-glacial regime, so that mean RSR decreased to 0.49 from 0.55 and NSE increased to 0.75 from 0.69. Improvement of model performance was negligible in simulations of monthly runoff from the basins with a monsoon runoff regime.

Renforcement de l'influence de la recherche sur l'élaboration des ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Réflexions

influent sur les politiques, mais de façons différentes. Le lien entre recherche et influence sur les politiques n'est ... Renforcement de l'influence de la recherche sur l'élaboration des politiques d'adaptation. PA. NOS. /G .... ceux de la CMAE ont dit avoir besoin de soutien technique. Il était malheureusement difficile pour le ...

PROTOPLANETARY DISK STRUCTURE WITH GRAIN EVOLUTION: THE ANDES MODEL

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Akimkin, V.; Wiebe, D.; Pavlyuchenkov, Ya.; Zhukovska, S.; Semenov, D.; Henning, Th.; Vasyunin, A.; Birnstiel, T.

2013-01-01

We present a self-consistent model of a protoplanetary disk: 'ANDES' ('AccretioN disk with Dust Evolution and Sedimentation'). ANDES is based on a flexible and extendable modular structure that includes (1) a 1+1D frequency-dependent continuum radiative transfer module, (2) a module to calculate the chemical evolution using an extended gas-grain network with UV/X-ray-driven processes and surface reactions, (3) a module to calculate the gas thermal energy balance, and (4) a 1+1D module that simulates dust grain evolution. For the first time, grain evolution and time-dependent molecular chemistry are included in a protoplanetary disk model. We find that grain growth and sedimentation of large grains onto the disk midplane lead to a dust-depleted atmosphere. Consequently, dust and gas temperatures become higher in the inner disk (R ∼ 50 AU), in comparison with the disk model with pristine dust. The response of disk chemical structure to the dust growth and sedimentation is twofold. First, due to higher transparency a partly UV-shielded molecular layer is shifted closer to the dense midplane. Second, the presence of big grains in the disk midplane delays the freeze-out of volatile gas-phase species such as CO there, while in adjacent upper layers the depletion is still effective. Molecular concentrations and thus column densities of many species are enhanced in the disk model with dust evolution, e.g., CO 2 , NH 2 CN, HNO, H 2 O, HCOOH, HCN, and CO. We also show that time-dependent chemistry is important for a proper description of gas thermal balance.

Bulletin of Materials Science | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

G E Delgado1 A J Mora1 P Grima-Gallardo2 S Durán2 M Muñoz2 M Quintero2. Laboratorio de Cristalografía, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela; Centro de Estudios de Semiconductores, Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los ...

BROTES POR NOROVIRUS EN RESIDENCIAS Y CENTROS SANITARIOS DE CATALUÑA

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Pere Godoy

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamentos. La baja dosis infectiva y las múltiples vías de transmisión facilitan la presentación de brotes de norovirus. El objetivo fue comparar la incidencia de brotes por norovirus en hospitales y residencias en Cataluña. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de la serie de brotes de norovirus en el período del 15/10/2004 al 30/10/2005. Se rellenó una encuesta epidemiológica para cada brote. Las variables fueron: número de expuestos, enfermos, mecanismo de transmisión, ámbito (centros sanitarios o residencias, región sanitaria, mes del año, y duración. Mediante técnicas de PCR se investigó la presencia de norovirus en muestras clínicas. Se calculó la incidencia en cada centro y la incidencia anual de brotes por centros. Las diferencias se determinaron con la prueba de c2 y la t de Student con un grado de significación (p inferior a 0,05. Resultados. Se detectaron 17 brotes, 6 en centros sanitarios y 11 en residencias. La tasa de ataque global fue del 33,4% (652/1951 y fue ligeramente superior en las residencias (35,2% que en los centros sanitarios (31,4%. El 94,1% (16/17 de los brotes se produjeron por transmisión persona a persona y sólo el 5,9% (1/17 por alimentos. La media de días entre el primer y último caso del brote fue de 11,4 (DE = 6,9. La duración media de los síntomas fue de 2,39 días (SD=1,6 y también fue superior en los pacientes hospitalizados 2,63 (SD=1,7 en comparación a los pacientes de residencias 1,97 (SD=1,7 (p < 0,0001. Conclusiones. Norovirus es responsable de un número importante de brotes por transmisión persona a persona. Se debe protocolizar su control para reducir su número y su duración.

Surface uplift in the Central Andes driven by growth of the Altiplano Puna Magma Body.

Science.gov (United States)

Perkins, Jonathan P; Ward, Kevin M; de Silva, Shanaka L; Zandt, George; Beck, Susan L; Finnegan, Noah J

2016-10-25

The Altiplano-Puna Magma Body (APMB) in the Central Andes is the largest imaged magma reservoir on Earth, and is located within the second highest orogenic plateau on Earth, the Altiplano-Puna. Although the APMB is a first-order geologic feature similar to the Sierra Nevada batholith, its role in the surface uplift history of the Central Andes remains uncertain. Here we show that a long-wavelength topographic dome overlies the seismically measured extent of the APMB, and gravity data suggest that the uplift is isostatically compensated. Isostatic modelling of the magmatic contribution to dome growth yields melt volumes comparable to those estimated from tomography, and suggests that the APMB growth rate exceeds the peak Cretaceous magmatic flare-up in the Sierran batholith. Our analysis reveals that magmatic addition may provide a contribution to surface uplift on par with lithospheric removal, and illustrates that surface topography may help constrain the magnitude of pluton-scale melt production.

Cañutos y soplidos Tiempo y cultura en las zampoñas de las sociedades precolombinas de Arica Time and Culture in Panpipes of the Precolumbian Societies in Arica, Chile

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Chacama Rodríguez

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo intenta una aproximación a la temprana presencia de zampoñas en los valles occidentales de la macro región cultural conocida como Área Centro Sur Andina, utilizando como base antecedentes arqueológicos, etnohistóricos y musicológicos sobre los aerófonos andinos. Para este efecto, se han estudiado las colecciones arqueológicas almacenadas y documentadas en el Museo Universidad de Tarapacá, San Miguel de Azapa. El trabajo se focaliza en las relaciones cronológicas y culturales de las zampoñas precolombinas, sus momentos de aparición en la zona y su evolución en el tiempo.This article attempts an approach to the early presence of panpipes in the western valleys of the macrocultural region known as South Central Andes, on the basis of archaeological, ethnohistorical and ethnomusicological data on Andean wind instruments gathered from the study of the archaeological collections stored and documented in the Tarapacá University Museum at San Miguel de Azapa. The article is focused on establishing the chronological and the cultural relations of these Pre Columbian panpipes along with determining the time of their appearance in the area and their evolution over a period of time.

Gordailu, Centro de Patrimonio Cultural Mueble de Gipuzkoa. Estudios previos

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Maite Barrio Olano

2009-08-01

Full Text Available La Diputación Foral de Gipuzkoa ha impulsado la creación de una nueva infraestructura cultural: el Centro de Patrimonio Cultural Mueble de Gipuzkoa, denominado Gordailu (palabra en euskera cuyo significado es “depósito”. Este Centro tendrá como misión la gestión integral del patrimonio cultural mueble del territorio, partiendo de un núcleo central, el depósito in situ de colecciones de distinta titularidad. Dentro de la variedad de temas de estudio y análisis que implica un proyecto de esta envergadura, en el presente artículo se relatan los relativos al plan de necesidades, evaluación de colecciones y definición de condiciones medioambientales.

Crustal balance and crustal flux from shortening estimates in the Central Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Hindle, David; Kley, Jonas; Oncken, Onno; Sobolev, Stephan

2005-01-01

The Central Andes of South America form the second largest high elevation plateau on earth. Extreme elevations have formed on a noncollisional margin with abundant associated arc magmatism. It has long been thought that the crustal thickness necessary to support Andean topography was not accounted for by known crustal shortening alone. We show that this may in part be due to a two-dimensional treatment of the problem. A three-dimensional analysis of crustal shortening and crustal thickness shows that displacement of material towards the axis of the bend in the Central Andes has added a significant volume of crust not accounted for in previous comparisons. We find that present-day crustal thickness between 12°S and 25°S is accounted for (∼-10% to ∼+3%)with the same shortening estimates, and the same assumed initial crustal thickness as had previously led to the conclusion of a ∼25-35% deficit in shortening relative to volume of crustal material. We suggest that the present-day measured crustal thickness distribution may not match that predicted due to shortening, and substantial redistribution of crust may have occurred by both erosion and deposition at the surface and lower crustal flow in regions of the thermally weakened middle and lower crust.

Components of SurA required for outer membrane biogenesis in uropathogenic Escherichia coli.

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Kristin M Watts

2008-10-01

Full Text Available SurA is a periplasmic peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (PPIase and chaperone of Escherichia coli and other Gram-negative bacteria. In contrast to other PPIases, SurA appears to have a distinct role in chaperoning newly synthesized porins destined for insertion into the outer membrane. Previous studies have indicated that the chaperone activity of SurA rests in its "core module" (the N- plus C-terminal domains, based on in vivo envelope phenotypes and in vitro binding and protection of non-native substrates.In this study, we determined the components of SurA required for chaperone activity using in vivo phenotypes relevant to disease causation by uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC, namely membrane resistance to permeation by antimicrobials and maturation of the type 1 pilus usher FimD. FimD is a SurA-dependent, integral outer membrane protein through which heteropolymeric type 1 pili, which confer bladder epithelial binding and invasion capacity upon uropathogenic E. coli, are assembled and extruded. Consistent with prior results, the in vivo chaperone activity of SurA in UPEC rested primarily in the core module. However, the PPIase domains I and II were not expendable for wild-type resistance to novobiocin in broth culture. Steady-state levels of FimD were substantially restored in the UPEC surA mutant complemented with the SurA N- plus C-terminal domains. The addition of PPIase domain I augmented FimD maturation into the outer membrane, consistent with a model in which domain I enhances stability of and/or substrate binding by the core module.Our results confirm the core module of E. coli SurA as a potential target for novel anti-infective development.

Westinghouse AP1000 licensing maturity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schulz, T.; Vijuk, R.P.

2005-01-01

The Westinghouse AP1000 Program is aimed at making available a nuclear power plant that is economical in the U.S deregulated electrical power industry in the near-term. The AP1000 is two-loop 1000 MWe pressurizer water reactor (PWR). It is an up rated version of the AP600. The AP1000 uses passive safety systems to provide significant and measurable improvements in plant simplification, safety, reliability, investment protection and plant costs. The AP1000 uses proven technology, which builds on over 35 years of operating PWR experience. The AP1000 received Final Design Approval by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (U.S. NRC) in September 2004. The AP1000 meets the US utility requirements. The AP1000 and its sister plant the AP600 have gone through a very through and complete licensing review. This paper describes the U.S. NRC review efforts of both the AP600 and the AP1000. The detail of the review and the independent calculations, evaluations and testing is discussed. The AP600 licensing documentation was submitted in 1992. The U.S. NRC granted Final Design Approval in 1999. During the intervening 7 years, the U.S. NRC asked thousands of questions, performed independent safety analysis, audited Westinghouse calculations and analysis, and performed independent testing. The more significant areas of discussion will be described. For the AP1000 Westinghouse first engaged the U.S. NRC in pre-certification discussions to define the extent of the review required, since the design is so similar to the AP600. The AP1000 licensing documentation was submitted in March 2002. The U.S. NRC granted Final Design Approval in September 2004. During the intervening 2 1/2 years, the U.S. NRC asked hundreds of questions, performed independent safety analysis, audited Westinghouse calculations and analysis, and performed independent testing. The more significant areas of discussion will be described. The implications of this review and approval on AP1000 applications in

Vulnerability to climate change and community based adaptation in the Peruvian Andes, a stepwise approach

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lasage, R.; Muis, S.; Sardella, C.S.E.; van Drunen, M.A.; Verburg, P.H.; Aerts, J.C.J.H.

2015-01-01

The livelihoods of people in the Andes are expected to be affected by climate change due to their dependence on glacier water. The observed decrease in glacier volume over the last few decades is likely to accelerate during the current century, which will affect water availability in the region.

Culture and landslide risk in the Central Andes of Bolivia and Peru

OpenAIRE

Nicholas Roberts

2009-01-01

Culture and its heritage play a major role in determining landslide risk in the Central Andes. Examples of some of these many possible influences are provided from natural and social science literature and from the author’s recent work in Bolivia. Landslide risk appears to have generally increased throughout the last millennium, due largely to anthropogenic modification of hazard, exposure, vulnerability and coping capacity. These changes result from both local and distant pressures and from ...

Expansión geográfica del síndrome pulmonar por hantavirus en la Argentina: Informe del caso más austral Geographic expansion of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Argentina: The southernest case report

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Carla Bellomo

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Desde 1995 se han informado más de 1000 casos de síndrome pulmonar por hantavirus (SPH en la Argentina, enfermedad grave y muchas veces fatal para los humanos. La mayoría de los casos fueron asociados al virus Andes (AND único hantavirus que ha sido informado como causante de transmisión persona a persona. Se han descrito varios linajes patogénicos del virus AND, de los cuales AND Sur, cuyo reservorio es el roedor Oligoryzomys longicaudatus, afecta a la región patagónica de Argentina y Chile. En el presente estudio se informan las manifestaciones clínicas y las características epidemiológicas de un caso de SPH. El objetivo fue describir la presentación clínica del caso, su entorno epidemiológico, el sitio probable de contagio, la variante viral implicada y su relación con los casos más cercanos notificados. Se realizó el seguimiento clínico, el diagnóstico serológico y molecular y la investigación epidemiológica, incluyendo un estudio de la población de roedores reservorios en las áreas involucradas. Se trató de una presentación clásica de SPH moderada, causada por el linaje viral AND sur y su secuencia nucleotídica se comparó con casos del sur argentino y chileno. El caso de hantavirus investigado resultó ser el más austral (48° 46´ 1.2´´ S; 70° 15´ 0´´ O notificado hasta el momento e involucró a una nueva provincia argentina.Since 1995 more than 1000 cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS were reported in Argentina, a severe disease and often fatal to humans. Most cases were associated with Andes virus (AND that caused few events of person-to-person transmission. Several lineages of pathogenic AND viruses have been described, including AND South, hosted by the rodent Oligoryzomys longicaudatus which affects the Patagonian region of Argentina and Chile. We studied the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of a HPS case. The objective was to describe the clinical presentation of the case, its

Impact of Santiago de Chile urban atmospheric pollution on anthropogenic trace elements enrichment in snow precipitation at Cerro Colorado, Central Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Cereceda-Balic, F.; Palomo-Marín, M. R.; Bernalte, E.; Vidal, V.; Christie, J.; Fadic, X.; Guevara, J. L.; Miro, C.; Pinilla Gil, E.

2012-02-01

Seasonal snow precipitation in the Andes mountain range is evaluated as an environmental indicator of the composition of atmospheric emissions in Santiago de Chile metropolitan area, by measuring a set of representative trace elements in snow samples by ICP-MS. Three late winter sampling campaigns (2003, 2008 and 2009) were conducted in three sampling areas around Cerro Colorado, a Central Andes mountain range sector NE of Santiago (36 km). Nevados de Chillán, a sector in The Andes located about 500 km south from the metropolitan area, was selected as a reference area. The experimental results at Cerro Colorado and Nevados de Chillán were compared with previously published data of fresh snow from remote and urban background sites. High snow concentrations of a range of anthropogenic marker elements were found at Cerro Colorado, probably derived from Santiago urban aerosol transport and deposition combined with the effect of mining and smelting activities in the area, whereas Nevados de Chillán levels roughly correspond to urban background areas. Enhanced concentrations in surface snow respect to deeper samples are discussed. Significant differences found between the 2003, 2008 and 2009 anthropogenic source markers profiles at Cerro Colorado sampling points were correlated with changes in emission sources at the city. The preliminary results obtained in this study, the first of this kind in the southern hemisphere, show promising use of snow precipitation in the Central Andes as a suitable matrix for receptor model studies aimed at identifying and quantifying pollution sources in Santiago de Chile.

Espacio herido, tiempo acelerado, imaginario conmovido. Interrogantes sobre la postmodernidad del Sur.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mabel Franzone

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Estableciendo una relación estrecha entre espacio, tiempo e imaginario, este escrito intenta tratar la gran separación Norte- Sur, acaecida con la hipermodernidad y sus consecuencias sobre la destrucción del espacio del Sur ; la cuestión de fondo encara las huellas que puede dejar en los cuerpos y en los imaginarios. Los límites impuestos se tratan en cuatro niveles : históricos, geográficos, económicos- sociales y de la representación. Para una crítica de la modernidad se han tomado parámetros de pensamiento que operan en una trama mediana, forma de pensar propia al Sur y que muestran la necesidad de una epistemología también propia al Sur, que refleje las cuestiones fundamentales y que tenga en cuenta la emancipación y la solidaridad como categorías para repensar el Sur.

Estilos estructurales del Subandino Sur de Bolivia

OpenAIRE

Rocha, Emilio

2013-01-01

El Subandino Sur de Bolivia es una típica faja plegada y corrida de lámina delgada, con una notable regularidad en la geometría de las estructuras. Esta es una característica típica de las fajas plegadas en las que no se involucra el basamento en la deformación. Sin embargo, cuando se analiza en detalle la geometría y evolución de la deformación del Subandino Sur, se verifica que existen numerosas desviaciones de dicha regularidad. En el presente trabajo se estudiaron los diferentes procesos ...

Centro Direzionale of Naples. A “Smart” Concept

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Fabrizio Canfora

2014-11-01

Full Text Available The topic of urban planning linked to the growth of smart cities is now quite common also in the urban-sociological debate. Recent studies (Besselaar, Koizumi, 2005; Fistola, 2010 identify the main focus of the smart city no longer exclusively in the strategic role played by ICT infrastructures, but above all in the factors enabling urban growth, defined as the ability to stimulate innovative urban developments, along with an increasing attention to the environment, eco-design, improved living levels, as well as the "bio-socio-environmental capital" (Corbisiero, 2013. Based on this theoretical background, the paper highlights the results of a research conducted in Naples on the empirical case of the "Centro Direzionale". It is an intervention of urban design of considerable impact on the city. The design and construction of the Centro Direzionale of Naples is, in fact, an archetype of the smart city; a primal testing of "urban intelligence" in terms of transport systems, infrastructure, logistics, systems for energy efficiency and technology. More generally, a good practice of city administration and of exploitation of strategic spatial planning.

Centro municipal de vehículos Ginebra-Suiza

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Dom, Jean Pierre

1969-06-01

Full Text Available This station comprises three buildings, which house, respectively, the offices and auxiliary services of the station, the vehicles depot, and the mechanical repair works, stores and inspection of vehicles. The whole project has been designed in accordance with a module of 5.875 m length. The external elevations of this significant project express clearly its robust, sober and industrially functional nature.El conjunto erigido comprende tres edificios destinados, respectivamente, a albergar: «las dependencias de la administración», y «locales de servicio del Centro»; «el depósito de vehículos»; y «la inspección de vehículos», «repuestos» y «talleres mecánicos». Todos ellos modulados según un módulo de 5,875 m de lado. Desde el punto de vista de composición arquitectónica, este Centro refleja claramente, en los alzados exteriores, su carácter de construcción industrial sobria y robusta.

Estrategias gerenciales administrativas para Centros Médicos Privados

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Thaide Torres Guerra

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El problema abordado en este artículo plantea la necesidad de nuevas estrategias gerenciales administrativas para los Centros Médicos Privados de la Parroquia Raúl Leoni del Municipio Maracaibo, con el fin de identificar las fallas, para la mejora del desempeño gerencial. La metodología corresponde a un estudio descriptivo, pues contextualiza el desempeño gerencial administrativo actual en cuanto a las funciones en los centros seleccionados, identificando métodos y test que sirvan para su medición en aspectos relevantes de la planificación, organización, dirección y control. Finalmente se concluye que la estructura organizacional y la caracterización del enfoque confirma con los resultados que el liderazgo, la motivación, comunicación y toma de decisiones, son medianamente efectivas, siendo una debilidad para alcanzar la integración y unificación de los equipos de trabajo y de todos sus miembros que hacen vida en la institución.

Surgimiento, evolución y principales resultados del Centro Nacional Coordinador de Ensayos Clínicos

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María Amparo Pascual López

2011-03-01

Full Text Available En la década de los 90, el desarrollo acelerado de la Industria Médico Farmacéutica cubana impuso la necesidad de crear estructuras que garantizaran la evaluación clínica de productos para su introducción a la práctica médica y posterior comercialización. Uno de los centros fundados para contribuir con estos fines fue el Centro Nacional Coordinador de Ensayos Clínicos. El presente trabajo recoge en síntesis las razones que motivaron la creación del centro y muestra, brevemente, su desarrollo organizacional por más de 17 años. Describe, además, los principales componentes del sistema de diseño y conducción de ensayos clínicos; así como los aportes más significativos de cada uno de ellos para el cumplimiento de sus objetivos como centro.

El represamiento y aluvión del río Santa Cruz, Andes Principales (31°40'S), provincia de San Juan

OpenAIRE

Patricio E. D'odorico; Daniel J. Pérez; Nicolás Sequeira; Luis Fauqué

2009-01-01

En la región de los Andes Principales sanjuaninos, existe una alta concentración de deslizamientos, cuyos depósitos han originado represamientos naturales. El colapso de estos diques generados por movimientos de ladera es el proceso evolutivo más probable de estas geoformas. El análisis de imágenes satelitales y fotos aéreas permite reconstruir las características y el origen de los deslizamientos que formaron esos diques naturales. En esta región de los Andes Principales, el rápido levantami...

Uplift sequence of the Andes at 30°S: Insights from sedimentology and U/Pb dating of synorogenic deposits

Science.gov (United States)

Suriano, J.; Mardonez, D.; Mahoney, J. B.; Mescua, J. F.; Giambiagi, L. B.; Kimbrough, D.; Lossada, A.

2017-04-01

The South Central Andes at 30°S represent a key area to understand the Andes geodynamics as it is in the middle of the flat slab segment and all the morphotectonic units of the Central Andes are well developed. This work is focused in the proximal synorogenic deposits of the Western Precordillera, in the La Tranca valley, in order to unravel the uplift sequence of this belt. Nine facies associations were recognized; most of them represent piedmont facies with local provenance from Precordillera and were deposited in the wedge-top depozone, as is expected for proximal sinorogenic deposits. However there are intercalations of transference fluvial systems, which show mixed provenance indicating that Permo-Triassic igneous rocks were already exposed to the west (Frontal Cordillera). There are also lacustrine deposits which are interpreted as the result of damming by fault activity at east of the studied basin. Finally, two maximum depositional ages at ca. 11 Ma and 8 Ma of these deposits indicate that the onset of uplift of the Precordillera at 30°S is little older than 11 Ma. These data change two previous ideas about the evolution of the Precordillera: its uplift at 30° S is younger than proposed by previous works and it is nearly synchronous along strike.

Le lancement canadien du Rapport sur les politiques alimentaires ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

1 mai 2018 ... Cet événement sera filmé, puis accessible en ligne sur la chaîne YouTube du CRDI. Le Rapport sur les politiques alimentaires mondiales 2018 passe en revue les principaux faits nouveaux et événements en matière de politiques alimentaires survenus au cours de l'année. D'éminents chercheurs ...

Analyse technico–économique des Aliments densifies sur les ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Une étude portant sur l'influence des aliments densifiés sur la performance de croissance des boucs roux de Maradi a été conduite entre juillet 2016 à septembre 2016. Quarante deux (42) boucs ont été répartis au hasard en six lots de sept individus. Chaque lot correspond à un aliment ou traitement préparé à partir des.

Genome of Plant Maca (Lepidium meyenii) Illuminates Genomic Basis for High-Altitude Adaptation in the Central Andes.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Jing; Tian, Yang; Yan, Liang; Zhang, Guanghui; Wang, Xiao; Zeng, Yan; Zhang, Jiajin; Ma, Xiao; Tan, Yuntao; Long, Ni; Wang, Yangzi; Ma, Yujin; He, Yuqi; Xue, Yu; Hao, Shumei; Yang, Shengchao; Wang, Wen; Zhang, Liangsheng; Dong, Yang; Chen, Wei; Sheng, Jun

2016-07-06

Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp, 2n = 8x = 64), belonging to the Brassicaceae family, is an economic plant cultivated in the central Andes sierra in Peru (4000-4500 m). Considering that the rapid uplift of the central Andes occurred 5-10 million years ago (Ma), an evolutionary question arises regarding how plants such as maca acquire high-altitude adaptation within a short geological period. Here, we report the high-quality genome assembly of maca, in which two closely spaced maca-specific whole-genome duplications (WGDs; ∼6.7 Ma) were identified. Comparative genomic analysis between maca and closely related Brassicaceae species revealed expansions of maca genes and gene families involved in abiotic stress response, hormone signaling pathway, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis via WGDs. The retention and subsequent functional divergence of many duplicated genes may account for the morphological and physiological changes (i.e., small leaf shape and self-fertility) in maca in a high-altitude environment. In addition, some duplicated maca genes were identified with functions in morphological adaptation (i.e., LEAF CURLING RESPONSIVENESS) and abiotic stress response (i.e., GLYCINE-RICH RNA-BINDING PROTEINS and DNA-DAMAGE-REPAIR/TOLERATION 2) under positive selection. Collectively, the maca genome provides useful information to understand the important roles of WGDs in the high-altitude adaptation of plants in the Andes. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Concilier plaisir et nutrition. Travaux des groupes de travail PNNS sur les lipides et sur le goût

OpenAIRE

Souliac , L.; Bizet, G.; Remy, S.

2010-01-01

Les ministères chargés de l'alimentation et de la santé ont incité les opérateurs à mettre sur le marché des aliments moins riches en lipides, par la signature avec l'État de chartes d'engagement sur la composition nutritionnelle. L'observatoire de la qualité de l'alimentation suit l'évolution de ces efforts. Les lipides ont un rôle technologique et sensoriel important qu'il convient de prendre en considération. Il est aujourd'hui possible d'améliorer le profil nutritionnel des aliments, tout...

Données préliminaires sur le paludisme humain en zones rurale et ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SARAH

31 juil. 2017 ... axée sur le diagnostic précoce et la prise en charge rapide des ... recherche investigue sur les connaissances, attitudes et ... paludisme et (vi) sur la source de traitement du paludisme. ... technique ELISA (Burkot et al., 1984).

47 CFR 76.1000 - Definitions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions. 76.1000 Section 76.1000 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) BROADCAST RADIO SERVICES MULTICHANNEL VIDEO AND CABLE TELEVISION SERVICE Competitive Access to Cable Programming § 76.1000 Definitions. As used in this...

7 CFR 3017.1000 - Respondent.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Respondent. 3017.1000 Section 3017.1000 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 3017.1000 Respondent...

Enquêtes sur les soucoupes volantes

OpenAIRE

Lagrange, Pierre

2007-01-01

La dispute autour du mot « preuve » se réduit à une question : Qu'est-ce qui constitue une preuve ? Faut-il qu'un ovni atterrisse à l'entrée du Pentagone, près des bureaux des chefs d'État-Major ? Ou bien est-ce une preuve quand une station de radar au sol détecte un ovni, envoie un jet l'intercepter, que le pilote du jet le voit et le suit sur son radar pour finir par le voir disparaître à une vitesse phénoménale ? Ou est-ce une preuve quand un pilote tire sur un ovni et maintient son histoi...

Estrategias de desarrollo para la empresa Cal del Centro S.A.C.

OpenAIRE

Bautista Antón, Yovanni Patricia; Mendoza Rojas, Miguel Ángel

2015-01-01

Cal del Centro S.A.C. es una sociedad anónima cerrada cuyo negocio gira en torno a la actividad económica de la fabricación de cemento, cal y yeso. El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar la posibilidad de éxito de un proyecto de inversión en una planta de cal, a través de Cal del Centro S.A.C. –como empresa autosuficiente–, para asegurar el cien por ciento del suministro de óxido de calcio en cantidad y calidad para el procesamiento de concentrados de cobre y el tratamiento de aguas indu...

Modelo de gestión integral para centros comerciales pequeños

OpenAIRE

Molina Saquicela, Mónica Andrea

2013-01-01

Desarrollar un modelo de gestión integral diseñado a la medida de las necesidades de los centros comerciales pequeños, tomando como base para su implementación al Centro Comercial Plaza de las Américas, servirá como una herramienta clave que ayudará a su equipo gerencial, a través de un manejo planificado y el aprovechamiento de sus diferenciadores, lograr un crecimiento a lo largo del tiempo, así como un mejor posicionamiento en la mente del consumidor y una mayor participación en el mercado...

LIDERAZGO VISIONARIO: CENTRO DEL CONOCIMIENTO

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Rafael Pérez Uribe

2013-07-01

Full Text Available El gestor del conocimiento es el ser humano. En el mundo como en las empresas es el centro de la destrucción y la creación del conocimiento. Por esta razón en las empresas se deben generar los escenarios adecuados para revertir el conocimiento de las personas y convertirlo en patrimonio de las organizaciones. El papel del líder es vital para la construcción de escenarios adecuados para que los trabajadores se conviertan en auténticos gestores del «knowledge» y esto permita que las organizaciones sean entes permanentes de aprendizaje continuo.

40 CFR 725.1000 - Scope.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Scope. 725.1000 Section 725.1000 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT REPORTING....1000 Scope. This subpart identifies uses of microorganisms which EPA has determined to be significant...

40 CFR 51.1000 - Definitions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Definitions. 51.1000 Section 51.1000 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS REQUIREMENTS FOR... Ambient Air Quality Standards § 51.1000 Definitions. The following definitions apply for purposes of this...

7 CFR 760.1000 - Applicability.

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2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Applicability. 760.1000 Section 760.1000 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FARM SERVICE AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... Catfish Grant Programs § 760.1000 Applicability. (a) This subpart establishes the terms and conditions...

Hausse des taxes sur le tabac dans trois pays d'Amérique centrale ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les chercheurs mèneront des études sur la demande de produits du tabac dans le ... sur les techniques modernes de contrôle de la chaîne d'approvisionnement, ... IWRA/CRDI sur les changements climatiques et la gestion adaptive de l'eau.

Late Pleistocene glacial fluctuations in Cordillera Oriental, subtropical Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Martini, Mateo A.; Kaplan, Michael R.; Strelin, Jorge A.; Astini, Ricardo A.; Schaefer, Joerg M.; Caffee, Marc W.; Schwartz, Roseanne

2017-09-01

The behavior of subtropical glaciers during Middle to Late Pleistocene global glacial maxima and abrupt climate change events, specifically in Earth's most arid low-latitude regions, remains an outstanding problem in paleoclimatology. The present-day climate of Cordillera Oriental, in arid northwestern Argentina, is influenced by shifts in subtropical climate systems, including the South American Summer Monsoon. To understand better past glacier-subtropical climates during the global Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 26.5-19 ka) and other time periods, we combined geomorphic features with forty-two precise 10Be ages on moraine boulders and reconstructed paleo-equilibrium line altitudes (ELA) at Nevado de Chañi (24°S) in the arid subtropical Andes. We found a major glacial expansion at ∼23 ± 1.6 ka, that is, during the global LGM. Additional glacial expansions are observed before the global LGM (at ∼52-39 ka), and after, at 15 ± 0.5 and 12 ± 0.6 ka. The ∼15 ka glacial event was found on both sides of Chañi and the ∼12 ka event is only recorded on the east side. Reconstructed ELAs of the former glaciers exhibit a rise from east to west that resembles the present subtropical climate trajectory from the Atlantic side of the continent; hence, we infer that this climate pattern must have been present in the past. Based on comparison with other low-latitude paleoclimate records, such as those from lakes and caves, we infer that both temperature and precipitation influenced past glacial occurrence in this sector of the arid Andes. Our findings also imply that abrupt deglacial climate events associated with the North Atlantic, specifically curtailed meridional overturning circulation and regional cooling, may have had attendant impacts on low subtropical Southern Hemisphere latitudes, including the climate systems that affect glacial activity around Nevado de Chañi.

SRTM Colored Height and Shaded Relief: Laguna Mellquina, Andes Mountains, Argentina

Science.gov (United States)

2001-01-01

This depiction of an area south of San Martin de Los Andes, Argentina, is the first Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) view of the Andes Mountains, the tallest mountain chain in the western hemisphere. This particular site does not include the higher Andes peaks, but it does include steep-sided valleys and other distinctive landforms carved by Pleistocene glaciers. Elevations here range from about 700 to 2,440 meters(2,300 to 8,000 feet). This region is very active tectonically and volcanically, and the landforms provide a record of the changes that have occurred over many thousands of years. Large lakes fill the broad mountain valleys, and the spectacular scenery here makes this area a popular resort destination for Argentinians.Two visualization methods were combined to produce this image: shading and color coding of topographic height. The shade image was derived by computing topographic slope in the north-south direction. Northern slopes appear bright and southern slopes appear dark, as would be the case at noon at this latitude in the southern hemisphere. Color coding is directly related to topographic height, with green at the lower elevations, rising through yellow, red, and magenta, to white at the highest elevations.Elevation data used in this image was acquired by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission aboard Space Shuttle Endeavour, launched on February 11, 2000. SRTM used the same radar instrument that comprised the Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR)that flew twice on the Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1994. SRTM was designed to collect three-dimensional measurements of the Earth's surface. To collect the 3-D data, engineers added a 60-meter-long (200-foot) mast, installed additional C-band and X-band antennas, and improved tracking and navigation devices. The mission is a cooperative project between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) of the U

La calidad de vida de los sujetos usuarios de un centro social de personas mayores

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César Bugallo Carrera

2014-09-01

Full Text Available En esta investigación hemos intentado comprobar si la asistencia a los centros sociales de personas mayores es un medio eficaz para la mejora de la calidad de vida de las personas mayores, es decir, si los usuarios de dichos centros tienen una mejor calidad de vida que aquellos que no acuden a ellos. Para ello, hemos contado con un grupo experimental y un grupo control. A continuación ambos grupos han pasado dos pruebas: una que valora la calidad de vida y otra, el deterioro cognitivo. Una vez pasadas las pruebas y obtenidas las puntuaciones, hemos concluido que los usuarios del centro social tienen una mayor calidad de vida que los sujetos que no acuden a él.

46 CFR 154.1000 - Applicability.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Applicability. 154.1000 Section 154.1000 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SAFETY STANDARDS FOR... § 154.1000 Applicability. Sections 154.1005 through 154.1020 apply to flammable cargo and ammonia...

HOSPITALIDADE URBANA DO CENTRO HISTÓRICO DE PELOTAS/RS

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Camila Osório Dutra

2017-11-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho tem como objeto de estudo a Hospitalidade Urbana do Centro Histórico da cidade de Pelotas/RS. Tendo como objetivo compreender se o Centro Histórico desta cidade, é, ou não, hospitaleiro, através das categorias de análise: Acessibilidade, Identidade e Legibilidade. Para isto, foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas e questionários com moradores e turistas em diferentes pontos da cidade. Relatou-se que a hospitalidade de legibilidade se refere, cada indivíduo cada usuário de um espaço tem uma visão, uma percepção, do que é mais interessante, do que é guardado em suas experiências e consequentemente em suas memórias visuais. Além disso, em futuros estudos, outros pontos que podem ser abordados são as condições de acesso em diferentes municípios e as identidades de diferentes cidades.

Bofedales: high altitude peatlands of the central Andes Bofedales: turberas de alta montaña de los Andes centrales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

FRANCISCO A SQUEO

2006-06-01

Full Text Available There is an exceptional group of alpine peatlands in the world situated in the arid grasslands of the central Andes. The peatlands in northern Chile occur in the most arid part of their range. Members of the Juncaceae are the primary peat-forming plant species. Fresh and mildly saline groundwaters originate from glaciers, snowmelt and rain are the water sources for the northern Chile peatlands. Paleoecological investigations suggest that some peatlands are recent features of the landscape having developed within the last three thousand years or less. These peatlands are unique, extremely fragile water features sensitive to climate changes and human disturbances such as regional mining activity. Much more work is required to develop scientifically based sound management and conservation programs for the rare plants and animals that live in them and to ensure the future livelihoods of the indigenous peoples who depend on themExiste un grupo excepcional de turberas (bofedales de alta montaña en el mundo situados en la estepa árida de los Andes centrales. Los bofedales en el norte de Chile están presentes en la parte más árida de su rango. Las principales especies de plantas responsables de la formación de turba corresponden a miembros de Juncaceae. El agua fresca y medianamente salina de los bofedales proviene de agua subterránea asociada a riachuelos proveniente de glaciares, derretimiento de nieve y lluvia. Investigaciones paleoecológicas sugieren que algunos bofedales son integrantes recientes del paisaje, habiéndose desarrollado durante los últimos tres mil años o menos. Estos bofedales son entidades únicas, extremadamente frágiles por su dependencia del agua, sensibles a los cambios climáticos y vulnerables a la alteración humana tal como la actividad minera en la región. Se requiere mucho más trabajo para desarrollar programas de manejo y conservación, con sólidas bases científicas, de las plantas y animales que viven en

Une nouvelle ouverture sur le monde pour les femmes | CRDI ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

'appellent ailleurs dans le dédale d'étals et d'allées serrés. En plus de son travail sur le marché, Jertrudes est également secrétaire de l'association des femmes qui vendent sur ce marché. Le groupe est un endroit où elles ...

María Teresa Álvarez Hoyos, Elites intelectuales en el sur de Colombia: Pasto, 1904-1930 una generación decisiva, Pasto: Universidad de Nariño, 2007, 552 p

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriel David Samacá Alonso

2011-05-01

Full Text Available La obra en cuestión constituye la tesis doctoral de la profesora Álvarez Hoyos, quien culminó sus estudios en el marco del doctorado interinstitucional en Ciencias de la Educación (RUDE Colombia, estando adscrita como profesora a la Universidad de Nariño. De esta manera, procederemos a resaltar los principales postulados de la obra sobre la configuración de un grupo de intelectuales en el sur de Colombia, procurando compartir con ustedes la lectura de un interesante trabajo sobre la historia cultural y política del país en los albores del siglo pasado. La estructura y estilo de esta reseña corresponde a un ejercicio analítico de lectura realizado para una investigación sobre el Centro de Historia de Santander.

29 CFR 98.1000 - Respondent.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Respondent. 98.1000 Section 98.1000 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 98.1000 Respondent. Respondent means a person against whom an agency has initiated a debarment or suspension action. ...

33 CFR 151.1000 - Purpose.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Purpose. 151.1000 Section 151.1000 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) POLLUTION... Transportation of Municipal and Commercial Waste § 151.1000 Purpose. The purpose of this subpart is to implement...

Influence de l'irrigation sur le rendement et sur la qualité des raisins

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J. Cerny

1968-12-01

 Le travail présenté résume les résultats de l'expérience avec l'irrigation supplémentaire de la vigne dans le domaine sec du Sud de la Moravie ainsi que son influence sur le rendement et la qualité des raisins.

Centro escolar federal en Bludenz/Austria

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Nehrer, Manfred

1981-06-01

Full Text Available Este centro escolar, considerado como uno de los más interesantes de Austria, se compone de cuatro cuerpos en los que se distribuyen, respectivamente, las escuelas, el gimnasio, la vivienda del conserje y el local de transformadores. En su construcción hay que destacar su adecuada flexibilidad, que permite dar cabida a las distintas funciones que en él se desarrollan, y la correcta adaptación del gran volumen edificado a las especiales características urbanas y arquitectónicas del ámbito circundante.

21 CFR 1000.1 - General.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false General. 1000.1 Section 1000.1 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) RADIOLOGICAL HEALTH GENERAL General Provisions § 1000.1 General. References in this subchapter J to regulatory sections of the...

Variational problems for plane curves in centro-affine geometry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Musso, Emilio

2010-01-01

In this paper closed extremals of variational problems defined by quadratic polynomials in the centro-affine curvature are considered. The closure of the trajectories is discussed and the existence of countably many closed critical curves is proven. The geometrical properties of closed trajectories are analyzed by numerical methods.

25 CFR 1000.1 - Authority.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Authority. 1000.1 Section 1000.1 Indians OFFICE OF THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY, INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ANNUAL FUNDING AGREEMENTS UNDER THE TRIBAL... § 1000.1 Authority. This part is prepared and issued by the Secretary of the Interior under the...

Desarrollo de sistema de gestión académica de centro preuniversitario

OpenAIRE

Castañeda Alegría, Sergio Alfredo; Castañeda Alegría, Sergio Alfredo

2008-01-01

El presente informe tiene como fin desarrollar e implementar un modelo de software basado en plataforma web, tomando como caso de estudio los procesos de coordinación de la gestión académica del Centro Preuniversitario de la UNIVERSIDAD PERUANA DE LAS AMÉRICAS (UPLA), con lo que se busca informatizar los procesos académicos y administrativos de dicha coordinación. El Centro Preuniversitario de la UPLA, por ser parte de una institución educativa, necesita automatizar sus procesos de gestión...

Phytogeography of the vascular páramo flora of Ramal de Guaramacal (Andes, Venezuela) and its ties to other páramo floras

OpenAIRE

Cuello, N.L.; Cleef, A.M.; Aymard, G.

2010-01-01

Ramal de Guaramacal is an outlier and lower elevation mountain range located at the northeastern end of the Venezuelan Andes. Phytogeographical patterns and affinities of the low altitude and wet vascular páramo flora of Ramal de Guaramacal, have been studied with emphasis in to the analysis of the floristic connections of the Guaramacal páramo flora with the neighboring dry páramos of the Sierra Nevada de Mérida and other páramo floras of the northern Andes and Central America. A total of 25...

Chaire de recherche trilatérale Canada – Afrique du Sud sur les ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le présent projet met l'accent sur les interactions entre l'humain et la faune, notamment sur les pauvres des zones rurales en pays tropical et sur l'effet des changements climatiques que ces derniers subiront. Puisant dans la recherche menée à la station de biologie expérimentale de l'Université Makere, près du parc ...

Millán-INIA, New Variety of High Quality Early Spring Bread Wheat for Irrigated Soils in Central-Southern Chile Millán-INIA, Nueva Variedad de Trigo Harinero Precoz de Primavera de Alta Calidad para Suelos de Riego de la Zona Centro Sur de Chile

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Iván Matus

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Millán-INIA is a variety of spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. originating from a cross carried out in the Wheat Plant Breeding Project of the Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA, in the Centro Regional de Investigación Quilamapu in 1995. This is a spring wheat variety with an early to medium-early head emergence and upright growth habit in the seedling stage. The adult plant is low to medium height and varies between 75 and 90 cm, with a mean of 85 cm. The spike is white with long awns along its full length. The grain is large-sized, white, and vitreous. The weight of 1000 grains varies between 50 and 59 g. It was sown in mid-August at the Santa Rosa Experimental Station (36°31’ S; 71°54’ W, Chillán. Head emergence occurred 88 to 89 d after sowing, which is 2 to 3 d after Ciko-INIA. On average, Millán-INIA reached a yield similar to that of the var. Ciko-INIA. This line stands out for its good resistance to disease, high protein content (11.5% mean, high sedimentation value, and high W value.Millán-INIA es un trigo harinero (Triticum aestivum L. de primavera que proviene de un cruzamiento efectuado en 1995 en el Proyecto de Fitomejoramiento de Trigo del Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA, en el Centro Regional de Investigación Quilamapu. Es un trigo de hábito primaveral, de época de espigadura mediana a precoz, con hábito de crecimiento erecto al estado de plántula. La altura de la planta adulta se considera mediana a baja, y varía entre 75 y 90 cm, con un promedio de 85 cm. La espiga es de color blanco y de barbas largas y presentes en toda su extensión. El grano es de color blanco y aspecto vítreo y de tamaño grande, con un peso de los 1000 granos que varía entre 50 y 59 g. Sembrado a mediados de agosto en el Campo Experimental Santa Rosa (36°31’ S; 71°54’ O, Chillán, la emisión de espigas ocurre 88 a 89 días después de la siembra, entre 2 y 3 días después que Ciko-INIA. Como

Rapport annuel au Parlement Loi sur la protection des ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Larocque, Samia

1 juil. 1983 ... TBS/SCT 350-63 (Rév. 2011/03). 31/03/2014. 01/04/2013. Période visée par le rapport : Reçues pendant la période visée par le rapport. Total. En suspens à la fin de la période de rapport précédente. Rapport statistique sur la Loi sur la protection des renseignements personnels. Nom de l'institution :.

21 CFR 573.1000 - Verxite.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Verxite. 573.1000 Section 573.1000 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) ANIMAL DRUGS, FEEDS... Listing § 573.1000 Verxite. The food additive verxite may be safely used in animal feed in accordance with...

25 CFR 11.1000 - Complaint.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Complaint. 11.1000 Section 11.1000 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LAW AND ORDER COURTS OF INDIAN OFFENSES AND LAW AND ORDER CODE Juvenile Offender Procedure § 11.1000 Complaint. A complaint must be filed by a law enforcement officer or...

FAMILIA, INMIGRACIÓN Y COMUNICACIÓN CON EL CENTRO ESCOLAR: UN ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M.ª Ángeles Hernández Prados

2016-01-01

Full Text Available La importancia de establecer lazos de comunicación y colaboración mutua entre las familias de los escolares y los centros educativos para el desarrollo de la educación integral del alumnado, es hoy día una realidad indiscutible. Desde la perspectiva de la educación inclusiva, las relaciones entre sendas instituciones deben integrar a los padres y madres de todo el alumnado, también a los que poseen algún tipo de riesgo de exclusión social. Entre este colectivo se encuentran las familias inmigrantes. Por este motivo, en esta investigación hemos querido comparar la comunicación que se establece entre las familias y el centro educativo en el que cursan estudios sus hijos en la Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia (CARM, en función de su nacionalidad. Para ello se ha aplicado un cuestionario a 2494 familias de esta Comunidad en una investigación conjunta realizada por el Consejo Escolar de la Región de Murcia (CERM y la Universidad de Murcia. Los resultados indican que los padres y madres españoles conocen mejor el centro educativo de sus hijos, participan en mayor medida en la vida del mismo, contribuyen más al desarrollo del aprendizaje del alumnado desde el hogar, y poseen relaciones más positivas con el centro que las familias inmigrantes. Estas diferencias entre sendos colectivos son estadísticamente significativas a nivel global y también en las etapas educativas de Educación Infantil, Primaria y Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, pero no en Bachillerato. Estos resultados invitan a reflexionar sobre posibles pautas de actuación desde instancias político-académicas y la propia comunidad educativa que ayuden a integrar a los padres y madres del alumnado inmigrante en el centro escolar de sus hijos.

IRCAM, Centro Pompidou París – Francia

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Piano, -

1979-05-01

Full Text Available IRCAM is an autonomous department of the well known Pompidou Centre. The main building, destined to many varied cultural purposes, consists of a broad, open structure combining different spaces and functions, with ample flexibility, capable of housing the most diversified activities. IRCAM is integrated in this wide range of functions as an underground cellular complex adjacent to the Centre. It contains very specific acoustic features to make it capable, under optimal conditions, of carrying out its main objective: acoustic musical research work.

El IRCAM es un departamento autónomo del conocido Centro Georges Pompidou. El edificio principal, destinado a usos culturales muy diferentes, está constituido por una amplia y abierta estructura que combina distintos ambientes y funciones, dotada de mucha flexibilidad y apta para el desarrollo de las más diversas actividades. El IRCAM queda incorporado a este abanico de funciones como un departamento celular subterráneo, contiguo al Centro. Presenta características acústicas muy específicas que le posibilitan para el desarrollo en condiciones óptimas de su función: la investigación en el campo acústico-musical.

30 CFR 250.1000 - General requirements.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false General requirements. 250.1000 Section 250.1000... OPERATIONS IN THE OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF Pipelines and Pipeline Rights-of-Way § 250.1000 General....1001, must meet the requirements in §§ 250.1000 through 250.1008. (2) A pipeline right-of-way grant...

7 CFR 1000.54 - Equivalent price.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 9 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true Equivalent price. 1000.54 Section 1000.54 Agriculture... Prices § 1000.54 Equivalent price. If for any reason a price or pricing constituent required for computing the prices described in § 1000.50 is not available, the market administrator shall use a price or...

Des pratiques culturales influent sur les attaques de deux ravageurs ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

La culture de tomate est attaquée par plusieurs ravageurs dont Helicoverpa armigera et Tuta absoluta. Dans le but d'évaluer l'effet des pratiques culturales de la tomate sur ces principaux ravageurs dans les Niayes (Sénégal), un échantillonnage de 98 parcelles est effectué, sur quatre cycles de culture en saison sèche, de ...

SurR9C84A protects and recovers human cardiomyocytes from hypoxia induced apoptosis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ashok, Ajay [Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Faculty of Health, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research - C-MMR, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216 (Australia); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Rd. WRB 5128, Cleveland, OH 44106-7288 (United States); Kanwar, Jagat Rakesh [Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Faculty of Health, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research - C-MMR, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216 (Australia); Krishnan, Uma Maheswari [Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), School of Chemical & Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401 (India); Kanwar, Rupinder Kaur, E-mail: rupinder.kanwar@deakin.edu.au [Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Faculty of Health, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research - C-MMR, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216 (Australia)

2017-01-01

Survivin, as an anti-apoptotic protein and a cell cycle regulator, is recently gaining importance for its regenerative potential in salvaging injured hypoxic cells of vital organs such as heart. Different strategies are being employed to upregulate survivin expression in dying hypoxic cardiomyocytes. We investigated the cardioprotective potential of a cell permeable survivin mutant protein SurR9C84A, for the management of hypoxia mediated cardiomyocyte apoptosis, in a novel and clinically relevant model employing primary human cardiomyocytes (HCM). The aim of this research work was to study the efficacy and mechanism of SurR9C84A facilitated cardioprotection and regeneration in hypoxic HCM. To mimic hypoxic microenvironment in vitro, well characterized HCM were treated with 100 µm (48 h) cobalt chloride to induce hypoxia. Hypoxia induced (HI) HCM were further treated with SurR9C84A (1 µg/mL) in order to analyse its cardioprotective efficacy. Confocal microscopy showed rapid internalization of SurR9C84A and scanning electron microscopy revealed the reinstatement of cytoskeleton projections in HI HCM. SurR9C84A treatment increased cell viability, reduced cell death via, apoptosis (Annexin-V assay), and downregulated free cardiac troponin T and MMP-9 expression. SurR9C84A also upregulated the expression of proliferation markers (PCNA and Ki-67) and downregulated mitochondrial depolarization and ROS levels thereby, impeding cell death. Human Apoptosis Array further revealed that SurR9C84A downregulated expression of pro-apoptotic markers and augmented expression of HSPs and HTRA2/Omi. SurR9C84A treatment led to enhanced levels of survivin, VEGF, PI3K and pAkt. SurR9C84A proved non-toxic to normoxic HCM, as validated through unaltered cell proliferation and other marker levels. Its pre-treatment exhibited lesser susceptibility to hypoxia/damage. SurR9C84A holds a promising clinical potential for human cardiomyocyte survival and proliferation following hypoxic injury

CONSTRUCCIÓN DE SUBJETIVIDADES POLÍTICAS DE NIÑAS, NIÑOS Y JÓVENES, EN EL CONTEXTO DE LA EXPERIENCIA EDUCATIVA CAE, EN LOS ANDES CENTRALES DEL PERÚ:UN REFERENTE DE CONSTITUCIÓN SOCIOCULTURAL, SOCIOAMBIENTAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

MARCO TULIO PEÑA

2013-07-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo es producto de los desarrollos investigativos y reflexivos de la experiencia educativa “Construcción de subjetividades políticas de niñas, niños y jóvenes quechuahablantes, en el contexto de la experiencia ‘Comunidades Andinas Educativas’ en los Andes centrales del Perú: un referente de educación alternativa”. Desarrollada entre los años 2008-2009 y 2012, con la participación integral de los actores que formaron parte de esta investigación en el distrito de Pucará, provincia de Huancayo, departamento de Junín, Andes centrales del Perú. El trabajo se presentó como tesis de la Maestría en Desarrollo Educativo y Social en el Centro Internacional de Educación y Desarrollo Humano (Cinde y la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional (Bogotá, Colombia, 2013. Desde el contexto de recuperación de la experiencia educativa, se buscó significar conocimientos en torno a la construcción de subjetividades políticas de niñas, niños y jóvenes andinos considerando su universo sociocultural y socioambiental, diverso y particularizado de las comunidades andinas quechuas. La investigación se enmarcó en la modalidad de la sistematización de experiencias educativas mediante el establecimiento de unidades categoriales interpretativas devenidas de los hitos o momentos centrales, referidas a los procesos de formación y constitución de Asociaciones Educativas Infantiles (AEI y de interpretación, para este caso en la formación de habilidades interculturales y de sostenibilidad medioambiental. Dicho trabajo develó aportes significativos relacionados con la educación comunitaria y alternativa en el aporte a los procesos de motivación y construcción de subjetividades Políticas de niñas, niños y jóvenes andinos, desde contexto sociocultural y socioambiental particularizado y diverso del universo y cosmovisión andina.

Les mesures de gel et de confiscation en vertu de la Loi sur les embargos

OpenAIRE

Schnyder, Nicolas

2009-01-01

Etude du mécanisme d'adoption des mesures de gel et de confiscation en vertu de la Loi sur les embargos et leurs conséquences tant sur la personne principalement touchée par ces mesures que sur les tiers.

LA CUEVA ALIHUÉN, NUEVOS REGISTROS DE PINTURAS RUPESTRES EN LA VEGA DE MAIPÚ (SAN MARTÍN DE LOS ANDES, PATAGONIA, ARGENTINA (The Alihuén Cave, New Records of Cave Paintings in the Maipú Valley (San Martín de los Andes, Patagonia, Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alberto Enrique Pérez

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Se presenta el resultado de las nuevas investigaciones de pinturas rupestres en la vega Maipú, San Martín de los Andes, Neuquén, Argentina; donde se destaca la presencia de motivos zoomorfos, especialmente camélidos, de escasa representación hasta la fecha en el registro zooarqueológico local. El sitio Cueva Alihuén amplía la diversidad de motivos y técnicas de las pinturas rupestres de la vega Maipú, lo que nos permite plantear aspectos tanto biogeográficos respecto a la fauna como sobre la circulación de información y movilidad. Ambos aspectos nos permiten, nuevamente, aunar ambas vertientes de la cordillera de los Andes, compartiendo, integrando y complementando cada vez más características con el resto de los sitios que componen la cuenca hidrográfica de Valdivia, cuyo sector inferior constituye nuestra área de estudio. ENGLISH: New results from research on the cave paintings of the Maipú Valley, San Martín de los Andes, Neuquén, Argentina, highlight the presence of zoomorphic motifs, especially camelids which have been underrepresented in the local zooarchaeological record. The Alihuén cave site expands the range of motifs and techniques known from the cave paintings of the Maipú Valley that allows us to raise issues regarding both biogeographic wildlife, and on the flow of information and human mobility. These aspects allow us to share and integrate the increasingly complementary features on both sides of the Andes with the rest of the sites that comprise the Valdivia River basin, whose lower section composed our study area.

24 CFR 1000.28 - May a self-governance Indian tribe be exempted from the applicability of § 1000.26?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... be exempted from the applicability of § 1000.26? 1000.28 Section 1000.28 Housing and Urban... ACTIVITIES General § 1000.28 May a self-governance Indian tribe be exempted from the applicability of § 1000... and systems meet or exceed the comparable requirements of § 1000.26. For purposes of this section, a...

EL ROL DEL ANTICICLÓN PACÍFICO EN LA CAÍDA DE NIEVE EN LOS ANDES ÁRIDOS

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Arnobio G. Poblete

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This article aims to study in depth the role the anticyclone subtropical eastern South Pacific (ASPSO on the nival precipitation in the arid Andes, its seasonal variability, fluctuations in the long and medium scale and associations with snowfall. For this reason, the incidence on the ratio of precipitation, the SST in the South Pacific Ocean, precipitable water, wind zonal, Radiation in Outgoing Long Wave and Omega were analyzed. The methodology consisted in the evaluation of the ASPSO through the definition of an index, based on Santiago de Chile (PSGO measured surface atmospheric pressure. This would allow its surveillance and the processing of its temporal behavior in the statistical analysis. The results showed significant time - space associations within the involved variables, which confirmed in all cases the negative impact of ASPSO related to snowfall in the Andes mountains. period 1909-2015.

Monozygotic Twin Pregnancy Associated with In Vitro Fertilization: Report and Revision of Three Cases Presented in a Clinic at 10,925 Feet Above Sea Level.

Science.gov (United States)

Tominaga, Luis Vargas; Cáceres, Ricardo Pella; Lechuga, Alberto Vargas; Durán, Livia Bartolo; Vargas, Mariela Serrano

2015-08-01

3 cases of monozygotic twin pregnancies associated with IVF presented at Centro de Fertilidad y Ginecología del Sur. In this study, we describe the cases and review the literature, noting possible related factors.

Commission des Nations Unies sur les produits indispensables aux ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Étude des soins de santé primaires dispensés dans les pays du cône Sud. Les pays membres du Réseau de recherche sur les systèmes et services de santé dans les pays du cône Sud (Red de Investigación en Sistemas y Servicios de Salud en el Cono Sur) ont des systèmes de... Voir davantageÉtude des soins de santé ...

Quantitative Temperature Reconstructions from Holocene and Late Glacial Lake Sediments in the Tropical Andes using Chironomidae (non-biting midges)

Science.gov (United States)

Matthews-Bird, F.; Gosling, W. D.; Brooks, S. J.; Montoya, E.; Coe, A. L.

2014-12-01

Chironomidae (non-biting midges) is a family of two-winged aquatic insects of the order Diptera. They are globally distributed and one of the most diverse families within aquatic ecosystems. The insects are stenotopic, and the rapid turnover of species and their ability to colonise quickly favourable habitats means chironomids are extremely sensitive to environmental change, notably temperature. Through the development of quantitative temperature inference models chironomids have become important palaeoecological tools. Proxies capable of generating independent estimates of past climate are crucial to disentangling climate signals and ecosystem response in the palaeoecological record. This project has developed the first modern environmental calibration data set in order to use chironomids from the Tropical Andes as quantitative climate proxies. Using surface sediments from c. 60 lakes from Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador we have developed an inference model capable of reconstructing temperatures, with a prediction error of 1-2°C, from fossil assemblages. Here we present the first Lateglacial and Holocene chironomid-inferred temperature reconstructions from two sites in the tropical Andes. The first record, from a high elevation (4153 m asl) lake in the Bolivian Andes, shows persistently cool temperatures for the past 15 kyr, punctuated by warm episodes in the early Holocene (9-10 kyr BP). The chironomid-inferred Holocene temperature trends from a lake sediment record on the eastern Andean flank of Ecuador (1248 m asl) spanning the last 5 millennia are synchronous with temperature changes in the NGRIP ice core record. The temperature estimates suggest along the eastern flank of the Andes, at lower latitudes (~1°S), climate closely resemble the well-established fluctuations of the Northern Hemisphere for this time period. Late-glacial climate fluctuations across South America are still disputed with some palaeoecological records suggesting evidence for Younger Dryas

Nuevos centros de almacenamiento inca en Huánuco Pampa

OpenAIRE

Ordóñez Inga, Carlo José Alonso

2013-01-01

Se proporcionan nuevos alcances sobre la identificación y el estudio de nuevos lugares de almacenamiento o colcas asociados al Centro Administrativo Inca de Huánuco Pampa, los mismos que no fueron reconocidos por otros investigadores que trabajaron en la zona.

Estimasi Model Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR dengan Metode Generalized Least Square (GLS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ade Widyaningsih

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Regression analysis is a statistical tool that is used to determine the relationship between two or more quantitative variables so that one variable can be predicted from the other variables. A method that can used to obtain a good estimation in the regression analysis is ordinary least squares method. The least squares method is used to estimate the parameters of one or more regression but relationships among the errors in the response of other estimators are not allowed. One way to overcome this problem is Seemingly Unrelated Regression model (SUR in which parameters are estimated using Generalized Least Square (GLS. In this study, the author applies SUR model using GLS method on world gasoline demand data. The author obtains that SUR using GLS is better than OLS because SUR produce smaller errors than the OLS.

Estimasi Model Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR dengan Metode Generalized Least Square (GLS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ade Widyaningsih

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Regression analysis is a statistical tool that is used to determine the relationship between two or more quantitative variables so that one variable can be predicted from the other variables. A method that can used to obtain a good estimation in the regression analysis is ordinary least squares method. The least squares method is used to estimate the parameters of one or more regression but relationships among the errors in the response of other estimators are not allowed. One way to overcome this problem is Seemingly Unrelated Regression model (SUR in which parameters are estimated using Generalized Least Square (GLS. In this study, the author applies SUR model using GLS method on world gasoline demand data. The author obtains that SUR using GLS is better than OLS because SUR produce smaller errors than the OLS.

AP1000. The PWR revisited

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaio, P.

2006-01-01

The distinguishing features of Westinghouse's AP1000 advanced passive pressurized water reactor are highlighted. In particular, the AP1000's passive safety features are described as well as their implications for simplifying the design, construction, and operation of this design compared to currently operating plants, and significantly increasing safety margins over current plants as well. The AP1000 design specifically incorporates the knowledge acquired from the substantial accumulation of power reactor operating experience and benefits from the application of the Probabilistic Risk Assessment in the design process itself. The AP1000 design has been certified by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission under its new rules for licensing new nuclear plants, 10 CFR Part 52, and is the subject of six combined Construction and Operating License applications now being developed. Currently the AP1000 design is being assessed against the EUR Rev C requirements for new nuclear power plants in Europe. (author)

Effet du compost à base de Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T. Aiton sur ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Objectifs: Une étude à base de compost de Calotropis procera a été menée afin de mesurer l'effet sur la production de l'arachide sur de sols pauvres. Méthodologie et résultats: L'essai a été conduit sur le site de Doyaba au niveau des zones marginales du Tchad avec la variété fleur 11 d'arachide (Arachis hypogaea L.) ...

Development and Dissemination of the El Centro Health Disparities Measures Library.

Science.gov (United States)

Mitrani, Victoria Behar; O'Day, Joanne E; Norris, Timothy B; Adebayo, Oluwamuyiwa Winifred

2017-09-01

This report describes the development and dissemination of a library of English measures, with Spanish translations, on constructs relevant to social determinants of health and behavioral health outcomes. The El Centro Measures Library is a product of the Center of Excellence for Health Disparities Research: El Centro, a program funded by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The library is aimed at enhancing capacity for minority health and health disparities research, particularly for Hispanics living in the United States and abroad. The open-access library of measures (available through www.miami.edu/sonhs/measureslibrary) contains brief descriptions of each measure, scoring information (where available), links to related peer-reviewed articles, and measure items in both languages. Links to measure websites where commercially available measures can be purchased are included, as is contact information for measures that require author permission. Links to several other measures libraries are hosted on the library website. Other researchers may contribute to the library. El Centro investigators began the library by electing to use a common set of measures across studies to assess demographic information, culture-related variables, proximal outcomes of interest, and major outcomes. The collection was expanded to include other health disparity research studies. In 2012, a formal process was developed to organize, expand, and centralize the library in preparation for a gradual process of dissemination to the national and international community of researchers. The library currently contains 61 measures encompassing 12 categories of constructs. Thus far, the library has been accessed 8,883 times (unique page views as generated by Google Analytics), and responses from constituencies of users and measure authors have been favorable. With the paucity of availability and accessibility of translated

Gestion des agroecosystemes sur le mont agou en zone forestiere ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Dans le but d'une meilleure mise en valeur de l'espace, plusieurs espèces végétales sont cultivées en association essentiellement avec Persea americana. L'approche méthodologique est basée sur des inventaires floristiques et écologiques sur 45 placettes de 25 m x 25 m dans les agrosystèmes. Une diversité de 85 ...

Taxes sur les cigarettes en Tanzanie | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

On s'attend à ce que cette hausse du tabagisme ait d'importantes répercussions sur la santé publique et le développement économique. Il ressort de l'expérience d'autres régions que le moyen le plus efficace de renverser une telle tendance consiste à augmenter les taxes sur les cigarettes. Toutefois, les responsables des ...

Investigations on vertical crustal movements in the Venezuelan Andes by gravimetric methods

Science.gov (United States)

Drewes, H.

1978-01-01

A precise gravimetric network has been installed in the Venezuelan Andes to study eventual gravity changes due to vertical tectonic movements. The design and the measurements of the network are described and the accuracy is estimated. In the center of the region a local gravity network has been reobserved three times. The detected variations are discussed. In order to obtain a genuine statement as far as possible about the significance of observed gravity changes, requirements for the procedure of monitoring precise gravity networks are pointed out.

Pockmarks off Big Sur, California

Science.gov (United States)

Paull, C.; Ussler, W.; Maher, N.; Greene, H. Gary; Rehder, G.; Lorenson, T.; Lee, H.

2002-01-01

A pockmark field was discovered during EM-300 multi-beam bathymetric surveys on the lower continental slope off the Big Sur coast of California. The field contains ??? 1500 pockmarks which are between 130 and 260 m in diameter, and typically are 8-12 m deep located within a 560 km2 area. To investigate the origin of these features, piston cores were collected from both the interior and the flanks of the pockmarks, and remotely operated vehicle observation (ROV) video and sampling transects were conducted which passed through 19 of the pockmarks. The water column within and above the pockmarks was sampled for methane concentration. Piston cores and ROV collected push cores show that the pockmark field is composed of monotonous fine silts and clays and the cores within the pockmarks are indistinguishable from those outside the pockmarks. No evidence for either sediment winnowing or diagenetic alteration suggestive of fluid venting was obtained. 14C measurements of the organic carbon in the sediments indicate continuous sedimentation throughout the time resolution of the radiocarbon technique ( ??? 45000 yr BP), with a sedimentation rate of ??? 10 cm per 1000 yr both within and between the pockmarks. Concentrations of methane, dissolved inorganic carbon, sulfate, chloride, and ammonium in pore water extracted from within the cores are generally similar in composition to seawater and show little change with depth, suggesting low biogeochemical activity. These pore water chemical gradients indicate that neither significant accumulations of gas are likely to exist in the shallow subsurface ( ??? 100 m) nor is active fluid advection occurring within the sampled sediments. Taken together the data indicate that these pockmarks are more than 45000 yr old, are presently inactive, and contain no indications of earlier fluid or gas venting events. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Orientación psicológica en Centros de Planificación Familiar.

OpenAIRE

Margarita Recondo García; Antonio Villasana Cunchillos

1988-01-01

La intención básica de este trabajo es explicar cómo se realizaría la orientación psicológica en Centros de Planificación Familiar. Señalando, primero, los objetivos generales y específicos en Planificación Familiar y luego los objetivos específicos del psicólogo y sus etapas de trabajo en los Centros de Planificación Familiar. Se estudian las necesidades psicológicas de la comunidad, el rol del psicólogo y la organización del trabajo en Planificación Familiar.

New GPS velocity field in the northern Andes (Peru - Ecuador - Colombia): heterogeneous locking along the subduction, northeastwards motion of the Northern Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Nocquet, J.; Mothes, P. A.; Villegas Lanza, J.; Chlieh, M.; Jarrin, P.; Vallée, M.; Tavera, H.; Ruiz, G.; Regnier, M.; Rolandone, F.

2010-12-01

Rapid subduction of the Nazca plate beneath the northen Andes margin (~6 cm/yr) results in two different processes: (1) elastic stress is accumulating along the Nazca/South American plate interface which is responsible for one of the largest megathrust earthquake sequences during the last century. The 500-km-long rupture zone of the 1906 (Mw= 8.8) event was partially reactivated by three events from the 1942 (Mw = 7.8), 1958 (Mw = 7.7), to the 1979 (Mw = 8.2). However, south of latitude 1°S, no M>8 earthquake has been reported in the last three centuries, suggesting that this area is slipping aseismically (2) permanent deformation causes opening of the Gulf of Guayaquil, with northeastwards motion of the Northern Andean Block (NAB). We present a new GPS velocity field covering the northern Andes from south of the Gulf of Guayaquil to the Caribbean plate. Our velocity field includes new continuously-recording GPS stations installed along the Ecuadorian coast, together with campaign sites observed since 1994 in the CASA project (Kellogg et al., 1989). We first estimate the long-term kinematics of the NAB in a joint inversion including GPS data, earthquake slip vectors, and quaternary slip rates on major faults. The inversion provides an Euler pole located at long. -107.8°E, lat. 36.2°N, 0.091°/Ma and indicates little internal deformation of the NAB (wrms=1.2 mm/yr). As a consequence, 30% of the obliquity of the Nazca/South America motion is accommodated by transcurrent to transpressive motion along the eastern boundary of the NAB. Residual velocities with respect to the NAB are then modeled in terms Models indicate a patchwork of highly coupled asperities encompassed by aseismic patches over the area of rupture of the M~8.8 1906 earthquake. Very low coupling is found along the southern Ecuadorian and northern Peru subduction.

Distichia acicularis sp. nov. – a new cushion forming Juncaceae from the high Andes of Ecuador

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Balslev, Henrik; Lægaard, Simon

1986-01-01

Distichia acicularis is described as a new species of Juncaceae. It occurs in the high Andes of Ecuador between 3200 m and 4200 m above sea level. Its closest relative is D. muscoides Nees & Meyen from which it is distinct through its narrow, linear, mucronate leafblades and its 1–3 mm long...

Resilience and adaptations of rural communities and agricultural land use in the tropical Andes: Coping with environmental and socio-economic changes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stadel, Ch.

2008-12-01

Full Text Available In spite of a long settlement history of the tropical Andes, rural farming communities have always been exposed to conditions of ecological and economic vulnerability, risks, and even disasters. This has resulted, at certain times and in some regions, to a destabilization of livelihoods and to a manifestation of various forms of marginalization, to poverty or outmigration. However, Andean communities , over a long time, have given admirable testimonies of resilience and adaptations in the face of adverse conditions or new challenges. This paper examines the potentials and different facets of resilience and adaptation strategies of the rural campesinado in the tropical Andes. It emphasizes the proven traditional concepts of verticality, complementarity, reciprocity, and mutual community support, which to date support the feasibility and sustainability of Andean farming and community survival. In spite of this recognition, it is argued that Andean rural livelihoods always had to adapt to new developments, to threats and challenges, as well as to opportunities and alternative potentials. In the face of an almost ubiquitous penetration of modernization, new technologies, and economic and cultural globalization, the fundamental question arises, whether this can be considered as a path to progress and development, or as a threat to the survival of small-scale farming and rural community living. The paper concludes by formulating, albeit in a tentative form, some general suggestions for ‘development’ approaches and for research priorities in the rural Andes.

A pesar de una tradición muy extensa del asentamiento humano en los Andes tropicales, las comunidades campesinas siempre enfrentaron condiciones de vulnerabilidad ecológica y económica, con varios riesgos, y aun desastres. Eso ha resultado, en diversos tiempos y en algunas regiones, en una estabilización de la superviviencia humana y en varias manifestaciones de marginalización, de

ASPECTOS ERGONÔMICOS E POSTURAIS EM CENTRO DE MATERIAL

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Neusa Maria Cosía Alexandre

Full Text Available Determinados fatores ambientais inadequados podem provocar lesões na coluna vertebral. Este trabalho discute certos aspectos ergonômicos e posturais específicos em Centro de Material com o objetivo de desenvolver uma consciência crítica a respeito dos efeitos do local de trabalho sobre a saúde.

Cold Episodes, Their Precursors and Teleconnections in the Central Peruvian Andes (1958-2009)

Science.gov (United States)

Sulca, J. C.; Vuille, M. F.; Trasmonte, G.; Silva, Y.; Takahashi, K.

2014-12-01

The Mantaro valley (MV) is located in the central Peruvian Andes. Occasionally, cold episodes are observed during the austral summer (January-March), which strongly damage crops. However, little is known about the causes and impacts of such cold episodes in the MV. The main goal of this study is thus to characterize cold episodes in the MV and assess their large-scale circulation and teleconnections over South America (SA) during austral summer. To identify cold events in the MV daily minimum temperature for the period 1958-2009 from Huayao station, located within the MV was used. We defined a cold episode as the period when daily minimum temperature drops below the 10-percentile for at least one day. Several gridded reanalysis and satellite products were used to characterize the large-scale circulation, cloud cover and rainfall over SA associated with these events for same period. Cold episodes in the MV are associated with positive OLR anomalies, which extend over much of the central Andes, indicating reduced convective cloud cover during these extremes, but also affirm the large-scale nature of these events. At the same time, northeastern Brazil (NEB) registers negative OLR anomalies, strong convective activity and enhanced cloud cover because displacement of the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) toward the northeast of its climatologic position. Further, it is associated with a weakening of the Bolivian High - Nordeste Low (BH-NL) system at upper levels, but also influenced by a low-level migratory high-pressure center develops at 30°S, 50°W; propagating from mid- to low latitudes as part of an extratropical Rossby wave train. In conclusion, cold episodes in the MV appear to be caused by radiative cooling associated with reduced cloudiness, rather than cold air advection. The reduced cloud cover in turn results from a robust large-scale pattern of westerly wind anomalies over central Peruvian Andes, inhibiting moisture influx, convective activity and

La satisfacción de los clientes de los centros deportivos municipales de Barcelona

OpenAIRE

Elasri Ejjaberi, Amal; Triadó i Ivern, Xavier Ma.; Aparicio Chueca, Ma. del Pilar (María del Pilar)

2015-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar y analizar las variables que más influyen en la satisfacción del cliente en los centros deportivos de Barcelona. Los datos fueron recogidos en una encuesta entre los clientes actuales de centros deportivos municipales. Un análisis factorial aplicado a esta información revela cinco dimensiones que subyacen a los múltiples componentes de la oferta de servicios en dichas instalaciones: su calidad, los recursos humanos, la comunicación, el entorno social...

Evaluación de centros de recursos en la Red : el caso de Octopus

OpenAIRE

Medina, Antonio; Carioca, Vito; Passarinho, Aldo

2003-01-01

El creciente desarrollo de centros de recursos en la Red está demandando de forma progresiva la puesta en marcha de estrategias de evaluación de los mismos que permitan su mayor optimización. Los autores de este trabajo desarrollan una metodología específica para la valoración de un centro específico en la Red, Octopus._______________________________Resource centres offer teachers different means to improve and make their work easier. The present paper shows a programme to evaluate resource c...

Grado de cumplimiento de la legislación e impartición de enseñanzas anti-tabaco en los centros escolares españoles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hernández-Mezquita Miguel Angel

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: No se dispone de estudios que analicen el cumplimiento de la legislación antitabaco en los centros escolares españoles, por lo que nos propusimos conocer el grado de cumplimiento de la legislación oficial anti-tabaco en dichos centros y la influencia que ello tiene sobre el porcentaje de alumnos fumadores. Método: Se realizó una encuesta entre 3.050 directores de centros educativos españoles, a los que se les preguntó sobre diversos aspectos del cumplimiento de la legislación oficial anti-tabaco en los centros y sobre las principales características del consumo de tabaco en los mismos. Resultados: El 80,9% de los directores afirman que en sus centros se exige el cumplimiento de la legislación y el 64,9% disponen de carteles que advierten de la prohibición de fumar. Afirman impartir enseñanzas anti-tabaco el 82,2% de los centros en los que se exige la legislación y en el 64,8% de los centros en los que esta legislación no se exige. Creen que el porcentaje de profesores que fuman ante los alumnos es del 5,9% en los centros en que se exige la legislación y del 12,9% en los que no se cumple. En los centros donde se imparten enseñanzas anti-tabaco creen que han probado el tabaco el 29% de los alumnos, frente al 31% que creen lo han hecho en los centros donde no se imparten estas enseñanzas (p<0,001. Conclusiones: El cumplimiento de la legislación es insuficiente. Los directores de los centros educativos, como encargados de velar por el cumplimiento de la legislación oficial anti-tabaco en sus centros, deben exigir el cumplimiento de esta legislación, ya que esta medida es eficaz para mejorar el funcionamiento global de los centros y para reducir los porcentajes de alumnos y profesores fumadores.

Tectonic geomorphology of the Andes with SIR-A and SIR-B

Science.gov (United States)

Bloom, Arthur L.; Fielding, Eric J.

1986-01-01

Data takes from SIR-A and SIR-B (Shuttle Imaging Radar) crossed all of the principal geomorphic provinces of the central Andes between 17 and 34 S latitude. In conjunction with Thematic Mapping images and photographs from hand-held cameras as well as from the Large Format Camera that was flown with SIR-B, the radar images give an excellent sampling of Andean geomorphology. In particular, the radar images show new details of volcanic rocks and landforms of late Cenozoic age in the Puna, and the exhumed surfaces of tilted blocks of Precambrian crystalline basement in the Sierras Pampeanas.

Altitudinal vegetation belts in the high-Andes of central Chile (33°S Pisos altitudinales de vegetación en los Andes de Chile central (33°S

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lohengrin A. Cavieres

2000-06-01

Full Text Available The limits of alpine vegetation belts have been established mainly based on physiognomic criteria. However, a more objective approach for fixing limits of vegetation belts are methods based on species composition and relative abundance of each species. While these methods are more time consuming, they are more detailed and permit the detection of physical factors affecting the limits of vegetation belts. In this paper we: 1 describe the altitudinal changes of vegetation above timberline, 2 compare vegetation belts defined with physiognomy and two floristic methods (a qualitative one based on altitudinal changes in species composition, and a quantitative one based on changes in dominant species; and 3 detect some environmental factors responsible for the altitudinal distribution of alpine vegetation between 2100 and 3700 masl in the Andes of Santiago, central Chile (33°S. There was a complete agreement between the different methods in delimiting the subalpine belt. However, in the lower alpine belt (the cushion's belt floristic methods subdivided it in 2-3 sub-belts. In the floristic methods, elevations 3500-3700 that formed the higher alpine belt segregated in separate ways because they have no species in common. Physiognomic descriptions lose relevant information about species distribution, especially at higher elevations. Mean annual temperature and nitrogen content of soil are the main environmental factors affecting the altitudinal limits of vegetation belts in the central Chilean AndesLa delimitación de los pisos altitudinales de vegetación andina se ha basado principalmente en criterios fisionómicos. Sin embargo, un criterio más objetivo para la delimitación es usar métodos basados en la composición y abundancia relativa de las especies presentes. Mientras estos métodos requieren de un mayor esfuerzo de muestreo, son más detallados y permiten detectar factores físicos involucrados en la delimitación altitudinal de la vegetaci

Glacier monitoring and glacier-climate interactions in the tropical Andes: A review

Science.gov (United States)

Veettil, Bijeesh Kozhikkodan; Wang, Shanshan; Florêncio de Souza, Sergio; Bremer, Ulisses Franz; Simões, Jefferson Cardia

2017-08-01

In this review, we summarized the evolution of glacier monitoring in the tropical Andes during the last few decades, particularly after the development of remote sensing and photogrammetry. Advantages and limitations of glacier mapping, applied so far, in Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia are discussed in detail. Glacier parameters such as the equilibrium line altitude, snowline and mass balance were given special attention in understanding the complex cryosphere-climate interactions, particularly using remote sensing techniques. Glaciers in the inner and the outer tropics were considered separately based on the precipitation and temperature conditions within a new framework. The applicability of various methods to use glacier records to understand and reconstruct the tropical Andean climate between the Last Glacial Maximum (11,700 years ago) and the present is also explored in this paper. Results from various studies published recently were analyzed and we tried to understand the differences in the magnitudes of glacier responses towards the climatic perturbations in the inner tropics and the outer tropics. Inner tropical glaciers, particularly those in Venezuela and Colombia near the January Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), are more vulnerable to increase in temperature. Surface energy balance experiments show that outer tropical glaciers respond to precipitation variability very rapidly in comparison with the temperature variability, particularly when moving towards the subtropics. We also analyzed the gradients in glacier response to climate change from the Pacific coast towards the Amazon Basin as well as with the elevation. Based on the current trends synthesised from recent studies, it is hypothesized that the glaciers in the inner tropics and the southern wet outer tropics will disappear first as a response to global warming whereas glaciers in the northern wet outer tropics and dry outer tropics show resistance to warming trends due to

GIS as a tool in participatory natural resource management: Examples from the Peruvian Andes

OpenAIRE

Bussink, C.

2003-01-01

Metadata only record Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are often seen as incompatible with participatory processes. However, since the late 1990s, attempts have been made in numerous projects around the world to define 'best practices' for improved natural resource management projects that integrate participation and accurate spatial information, using GIS (for example, see www.iapad.org/participatory_gis.htm). This article describes a project in the Peruvian Andes where spatial informa...

The Influence of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (mjo) on Extreme Rainfall Over the Central and Southern Peruvian Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Heidinger, H.; Jones, C.; Carvalho, L. V.

2015-12-01

Extreme rainfall is important for the Andean region because of the large contribution of these events to the seasonal totals and consequent impacts on water resources for agriculture, water consumption, industry and hydropower generation, as well as the occurrence of floods and landslides. Over Central and Southern Peruvian Andes (CSPA), rainfall exceeding the 90th percentile contributed between 44 to 100% to the total Nov-Mar 1979-2010 rainfall. Additionally, precipitation from a large majority of stations in the CSPA exhibits statistically significant spectral peaks on intraseasonal time-scales (20 to 70 days). The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is the most important intraseasonal mode of atmospheric circulation and moist convection in the tropics and the occurrence of extreme weather events worldwide. Mechanisms explaining the relationships between the MJO and precipitation in the Peruvian Andes have not been properly described yet. The present study examines the relationships between the activity and phases of the MJO and the occurrence of extreme rainfall over the CSPA. We found that the frequency of extreme rainfall events increase in the CSPA when the MJO is active. MJO phases 5, 6 and 7 contribute to the overall occurrence of extreme rainfall events over the CSPA. However, how the MJO phases modulate extreme rainfall depends on the location of the stations. For instance, extreme precipitation (above the 90th percentile) in stations in the Amazon basin are slightly more sensitive to phases 2, 3 and 4; the frequency of extremes in stations in the Pacific basin increases in phases 5, 6 and 7 whereas phase 2, 3 and 7 modulates extreme precipitation in stations in the Titicaca basin. Greater variability among stations is observed when using the 95th and 99th percentiles to identify extremes. Among the main mechanisms that explain the increase in extreme rainfall events in the Peruvian Andes is the intensification of the easterly moisture flux anomalies, which

Influence du système de logement sur quelques performances ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Les effets de deux systèmes de logement (batterie de cages et sol sur litière) sur les performances zootechniques et économiques des poules pondeuses ont été évalués en zone tropicale humide, au sud du Benin. Un total de 180 poules pondeuses (Isa Brown) de 26 semaines d'âge était réparti en deux groupes de 108 et ...

Overriding plate shortening and extension above subduction zones : A parametric study to explain formation of the Andes Mountains

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schellart, Wouter P.

2008-01-01

Mountain building above subduction zones, such as observed in the Andes, is enigmatic, and the key parameter controlling the underlying dynamics remains a matter of considerable debate. A global survey of subduction zones is presented here, illustrating the correlation between overriding plate

Comparative effectiveness and acceptability of home-based and clinic-based sampling methods for sexually transmissible infections screening in females aged 14-50 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Odesanmi, Tolulope Y; Wasti, Sharada P; Odesanmi, Omolola S; Adegbola, Omololu; Oguntuase, Olubukola O; Mahmood, Sajid

2013-12-01

Home-based sampling is a strategy to enhance uptake of sexually transmissible infection (STI) screening. This review aimed to compare the screening uptake levels of home-based self-sampling and clinic-based specimen collection for STIs (chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis), gonorrhoea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) and trichomoniasis) in females aged 14-50 years. Acceptability and effect on specimen quality were determined. Sixteen electronic databases were searched from inception to September 2012. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the uptake levels of home-based self-sampling and clinic-based sampling for chlamydia, gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis in females aged 14-50 years were eligible for inclusion. The risk of bias in the trials was assessed. Risk ratios (RRs) for dichotomous outcomes were meta-analysed. Of 3065 papers, six studies with seven RCTs contributed to the final review. Compared with clinic-based methods, home-based screening increased uptake significantly (P=0.001-0.05) in five trials and was substantiated in a meta-analysis (RR: 1.55; 95% confidence interval: 1.30-1.85; P=0.00001) of two trials. In three trials, a significant preference for home-based testing (P=0.001-0.05) was expressed. No significant difference was observed in specimen quality. Sampling was rated as easy by a significantly higher number of women (P=0.01) in the clinic group in one trial. The review provides evidence that home-based testing results in greater uptake of STI screening in females (14-50 years) than clinic-based testing without compromising quality in the developed world. Home collection strategies should be added to clinic-based screening programs to enhance uptake.

LA CONSTRUCCIÓN COLECTIVA DE UN PORTAL WEB DE CENTRO. UNA EXPERIENCIA DE INNOVACIÓN SOSTENIBLE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mª Helena Zapico Barbeito

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Presentamos una experiencia que forma parte de un estudio más amplio que analiza los factores que dificultan o aceleran los procesos de cambio e innovación en los centros educativos cuando se incorporan TIC. En el contexto socio político y económico en que vivimos, la demanda de innovación es un imperativo que afecta a todos los ámbitos sociales. El sistema educativo no es una excepción, de manera que las escuelas están llamadas a subirse también en ese carro mostrando que son innovadoras. Por ello, el análisis de las innovaciones que tienen lugar en su seno es una oportunidad inmejorable para visualizar las condiciones en las que se desarrollan los procesos educativos. Se parte de la idea de que el potencial de cambio que la incorporación de las TIC podría generar, reside, sobre todo, en la manera en que están involucradas en el proyecto del centro y en el trabajo de reflexión sobre sus potencialidades educativas. Desde una perspectiva de investigación acción colaborativa, se construyeron cuatro estudios de casos: uno de un Centro de Educación Infantil y Primaria (C.E.I.P., un Instituto de Educación Secundaria (I.E.S., un Colegio Público Integrado (C.P.I. y un Centro Rural Agrupado (C.R.A.. En este trabajo, abordaremos el análisis de una experiencia en un Centro Rural Agrupado (C.R.A. de Galicia, en el que están integradas nueve escuelas, donde se imparte el segundo ciclo de Educación Infantil y primero de Primaria. Nuestra intención es la de dar cuenta de algunos de los significados de innovación sostenible en la experiencia de construcción del portal del centro como un espacio educativo.

ASTER Andes

Science.gov (United States)

2000-01-01

In this image of the Andes along the Chile-Bolivia border, the visible and infrared data have been computer enhanced to exaggerate the color differences of the different materials. The scene is dominated by the Pampa Luxsar lava complex, occupying the upper right two-thirds of the scene. Lava flows are distributed around remnants of large dissected cones, the largest of which is Cerro Luxsar. On the middle left edge of the image are the Olca and Parumastrato volcanoes, which appear in blue due to a lack of vegetation (colored red in this composite). This image covers an area 60 kilometers (37 miles) wide and 60 kilometers (37 miles) long in three bands of the reflected visible and infrared wavelength region. It was acquired on April 7, 2000.The image is located at 21 degrees south latitude, 68.3 degrees west longitude. Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) is one of five Earth-observing instruments launched December 18, 1999, on NASA's Terra satellite. The instrument was built by Japan's Ministry of International Trade and Industry. A joint U.S./Japan science team is responsible for validation and calibration of the instrument and the data products. Dr. Anne Kahle at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, is the U.S. science team leader; Moshe Pniel of JPL is the project manager. ASTER is the only high-resolution imaging sensor on Terra. The primary goal of the ASTER mission is to obtain high-resolution image data in 14 channels over the entire land surface, as well as black and white stereo images. With revisit time of between 4 and 16 days, ASTER will provide the capability for repeat coverage of changing areas on Earth's surface.The broad spectral coverage and high spectral resolution of ASTER will provide scientists in numerous disciplines with critical information for surface mapping and monitoring dynamic conditions and temporal change. Examples of applications include monitoring glacial advances and retreats

Complex brittle deformation pattern along the Southern Patagonian Andes (Argentina)

Science.gov (United States)

Barberón, Vanesa; Sue, Christian; Ronda, Gonzalo; Ghiglione, Matías

2016-04-01

The Southern Patagonian Andes is located in the southern extreme of the Pacific subduction zone, where the Antartic oceanic plate sinks underneath South America. The history of the area begins with compression during Paleozoic, Jurassic extension associated to the rift and opening of the South Atlantic Ocean, then a sag stage in the Lower Cretaceous followed by a foreland phase as a result of plate tectonics (Ghiglione et al., 2016). The kinematic study is concentrated in the Argentinean foothills, between 46°40' and 48° SL. We measured around 800 fault planes and their striaes with the sense of movement in order to characterize the stress field. The software used to make the stress inversion were Tensor (Delvaux, 2011) and Multiple Inverse Method MIM (Yamaji et al., 2011). The stress field map was built with the results of the MIM. We present new data from 48 sites located in the northern sector of the Southern Patagonian Andes. The measurements were made in several rocks from Paleozoic to Lower Cretaceous, even though most were taken in pyroclastic jurassic rocks from El Quemado Complex. Paleostress tensors obtained are mostly strike-slip, although a 25% is normal and there are a few compresional. The pattern of faults found is complex. In some sites the tensor can be locally linked to satellite images and observations from the field or be related to a major thrust front. There is no clear correlation between the age and/or lithology with the tensor since the youngest rocks measured are Lower Cretaceous. Probably there are several generations of family faults connected to different and recent tectonic phases then the paleostress tensors might correspond to the latest tectonic events.

Changes in Andes snow cover from MODIS data, 2000-2016

Science.gov (United States)

Saavedra, Freddy A.; Kampf, Stephanie K.; Fassnacht, Steven R.; Sibold, Jason S.

2018-03-01

The Andes span a length of 7000 km and are important for sustaining regional water supplies. Snow variability across this region has not been studied in detail due to sparse and unevenly distributed instrumental climate data. We calculated snow persistence (SP) as the fraction of time with snow cover for each year between 2000 and 2016 from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite sensors (500 m, 8-day maximum snow cover extent). This analysis is conducted between 8 and 36° S due to high frequency of cloud (> 30 % of the time) south and north of this range. We ran Mann-Kendall and Theil-Sens analyses to identify areas with significant changes in SP and snowline (the line at lower elevation where SP = 20 %). We evaluated how these trends relate to temperature and precipitation from Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications-2 (MERRA2) and University of Delaware datasets and climate indices as El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Southern Annular Mode (SAM), and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Areas north of 29° S have limited snow cover, and few trends in snow persistence were detected. A large area (34 370 km2) with persistent snow cover between 29 and 36° S experienced a significant loss of snow cover (2-5 fewer days of snow year-1). Snow loss was more pronounced (62 % of the area with significant trends) on the east side of the Andes. We also found a significant increase in the elevation of the snowline at 10-30 m year-1 south of 29-30° S. Decreasing SP correlates with decreasing precipitation and increasing temperature, and the magnitudes of these correlations vary with latitude and elevation. ENSO climate indices better predicted SP conditions north of 31° S, whereas the SAM better predicted SP south of 31° S.

[Fertility and reproductive behavior in Peru: Andes mountains and the Amazon basin].

Science.gov (United States)

Fort, A L

1992-01-01

"The article attempts to discuss the historical and contemporary situations of [fertility among] populations residing in the two least studied areas of Peru: the Andes mountains and the Amazon basin. The study starts with a review of the 'demographic catastrophe' that the Spanish presence meant to the people of these areas.... The harmful effects of the 'rubber boom' and, more recently, of the 'oil boom', periods are also reviewed." Fertility trends in the two areas are analyzed, with a focus on marriage, breast-feeding, and contraceptive use. (SUMMARY IN ENG) excerpt

Distribución geográfica de Boeckella y Neoboeckella (Calanoida: Centropagidae en el Perú

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Iris Samanez

2014-12-01

Full Text Available El análisis de muestras de plancton colectadas en diferentes localidades a lo largo de los Andes peruanos, dieron como resultado el registro de siete especies de Boeckella (gracilis, gracilipes, calcaris, poopoensis, occidentalis, titicacae y palustris y dos de Neoboeckella (kinzeli y loffleri. Todas las especies citadas, exceptuando a las especies de Neoboeckella, fueron registradas en la cuenca del lago Titicaca (Puno. Además, B. palustris, B. gracilipes y B. calcaris fueron también reportadas en Moquegua, Apurímac y Pasco (Andes del sur y central. Boeckella titicacae parece estar restringida a la cuenca del lago Titicaca. Boeckella poopoensis ocurre en cuerpos de agua con elevada conductividad reportándose sólo en Las Salinas en Arequipa. Boeckella occidentalis fue la especie con mayor rango de distribución desde el sur en Puno hasta el norte en Cajamarca y se registra por primera vez para el país Neoboeckella loffleri. Las muestras están depositadas en la Colección de Plancton del Departamento de Limnología del Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima-Perú.

Super cool X-1000 and Super cool Z-1000, two ice blockers, and their effect on vitrification/warming of mouse embryos.

Science.gov (United States)

Badrzadeh, H; Najmabadi, S; Paymani, R; Macaso, T; Azadbadi, Z; Ahmady, A

2010-07-01

To evaluate the survival and blastocyst formation rates of mouse embryos after vitrification/thaw process with different ice blocker media. We used X-1000 and Z-1000 separately and mixed using V-Kim, a closed vitrification system. Mouse embryos were vitrified using ethylene glycol based medium supplemented with Super cool X-1000 and/or Super cool Z-1000. Survival rates for the control, Super cool X-1000, Super cool Z-1000, and Super cool X-1000/Z-1000 groups were 74%, 72%, 68%, and 85% respectively, with no significant difference among experimental and control groups; however, a significantly higher survival rate was noticed in the Super cool X-1000/Z-1000 group when compared with the Super cool Z-1000 group. Blastocyst formation rates for the control, Super cool X-1000, Super cool Z-1000, and Super cool X-1000/Z-1000 groups were 71%, 66%, 65%, and 72% respectively. There was no significant difference in this rate among control and experimental groups. In a closed vitrification system, addition of ice blocker Super cool X-1000 to the vitrification solution containing Super cool Z-1000 may improve the embryo survival rate. We recommend combined ice blocker usage to optimize the vitrification outcome. Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Two new species of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 (Formicidae: Dorylinae from the Andes of southern Ecuador

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Thibaut Delsinne

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Two new species of Leptanilloides are described: L. copalinga Delsinne & Donoso sp. nov., and L. prometea Delsinne & Donoso sp. nov., based on workers collected in the leaf litter and soil of the Andes of southern Ecuador. Both species belong to the L. biconstricta species-group (formally diagnosed here. The metatibial gland, considered a synapomorphy for Dorylinae, is observed in L. prometea sp. nov. but seems absent in L. copalinga sp. nov. We provide a COI DNA barcode for both species and a revised key for the worker caste of all known species in the genus. We also describe a single male identified as a potential new Leptanilloides species on the basis of morphology. Furthermore, its mitochondrial COI gene sequence does not match any previously barcoded species. However, we refrain from giving it a specific name because of our lack of knowledge about the worker caste. So far, half of the 14 Leptanilloides species have been discovered above 1500 m in the mountain forests or páramos of the Ecuadorian Andes, confirming, if needed, the biological significance of these threatened habitats.

L'effet ENSO Sur les précipitations et les écoulements au XXème siècle - exemple de l'Equateur

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

1993-01-01

Full Text Available Sur le littoral équatorien, l'analyse statistique des données pluviométriques disponibles, qui s'étalent sur une cinquantaine d'années, a permis de mettre en évidence deux résultats principaux : 1 -les effets de ENSO ne sont pas tous aussi négatifs qu'on le pense habituellement 2 - la fréquence de retour du ENSO 1982-1983 est supérieure à 1000 ans et son impact sur le milieu morpho-dynamique va au-delà des 100 000 km2. IMPACTO DE ENSO EN LAS PRECIPITACIONES Y ESCURRIMIENTOS DURANTE EL SIGLO XX - EL CASO DEL ECUADOR. En la región litoral del Ecuador, un análisis estadístico de las series pluviométricas disponibles, alrededor de cincuenta años, acarrea dos resultados principales: 1 - los efectos de ENSO no son todos tan negativos como se piensa habitualmente 2 - el período de retorno del ENSO 1982-1983 es mayor de los mil años y su impacto sobre el medio geomorfodinámico abarca más de 100 000 km2. ENSO IMPACT ON RAINFALL AND RUNOFF IN XXth CENTURY - CASE OF ECUADOR. On the Pacific coastal region of Ecuador, a statistical analysis of the largest available pluviometric records, about fifty years, yields two main results: 1 - ENSO effects are not so negative as one usually comments 2 - the return period of ENSO 1982-1983 occurrence is over one thousand years and the geomorphodynamic impact acts upon 100 000 km2.

El Centro Geothermal Utility Core Field Experiment environmental-impact report and environmental assessment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1979-08-01

The City of El Centro is proposing the development of a geothermal energy utility core field experiment to demonstrate the engineering and economic feasibility of utilizing moderate temperature geothermal heat, on a pilot scale, for space cooling, space heating, and domestic hot water. The proposed facility is located on part of a 2.48 acre (1 hectare) parcel owned in fee by the City in the southeastern sector of El Centro in Imperial County, California. Geothermal fluid at an anticipated temperature of about 250/sup 0/F (121/sup 0/C) will heat a secondary fluid (water) which will be utilized directly or processed through an absorption chiller, to provide space conditioning and water heating for the El Centro Community Center, a public recreational facility located approximately one-half mile north of the proposed well site. The geothermal production well will be drilled to 8500 feet (2590m) and an injection well to 4000 feet (1220m) at the industrially designated City property. Once all relevant permits are obtained it is estimated that site preparation, facility construction, the completion and testing of both wells would be finished in approximately 26 weeks. The environmental impacts are described.

Diversification in the Andes: age and origins of South American Heliotropium lineages (Heliotropiaceae, Boraginales).

Science.gov (United States)

Luebert, Federico; Hilger, Hartmut H; Weigend, Maximilian

2011-10-01

The uplift of the Andes was a major factor for plant diversification in South America and had significant effects on the climatic patterns at the continental scale. It was crucial for the formation of the arid environments in south-eastern and western South America. However, both the timing of the major stages of the Andean uplift and the onset of aridity in western South America remain controversial. In this paper we examine the hypothesis that the Andean South American groups of Heliotropium originated and diversified in response to Andean orogeny during the late Miocene and a the subsequent development of aridity. To this end, we estimate divergence times and likely biogeographical origins of the major clades in the phylogeny of Heliotropium, using both Bayesian and likelihood methods. Divergence times of all Andean clades in Heliotropium are estimated to be of late Miocene or Pliocene ages. At least three independent Andean diversification events can be recognized within Heliotropium. Timing of the diversification in the Andean lineages Heliotropium sects.Heliothamnus, Cochranea, Heliotrophytum, Hypsogenia, Plagiomeris, Platygyne clearly correspond to a rapid, late Miocene uplift of the Andes and a Pliocene development of arid environments in South America. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Reconfiguración de la Cooperación Sur-Sur en la región latinoamericana y la participación internacional de los actores subnacionales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mariana Calvento

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo describe y analiza las actua-les características de la Cooperación Sur-Sur en América Latina, especialmente el papel de los actores subnacionales en dicha dinámica. A su vez, analiza las modalidades que adquiere esta cooperación en el contexto político regio-nal de la última década, donde se evidencia un importante avance de la integración de los países latinoamericanos. Finalmente, estudila relación existente entre los principios de la Cooperación Sur-Sur con la participación in-ternacional de los actores subnacionales a partir de la relevancia que adquieren algunas de es-tas formas de cooperación, como es el caso de la Red mercociudades, el Foro Consultivo de Municipios, Estados Federados, Provincias y Departamentos del mercosur (fccr mer-cosur y la Federación Latinoamericana de Ciudades, Municipios y Asociaciones de Go-biernos Locales (flacma, que nuclean a estos actores y promueven mecanismos institucionales que favorecen la participación de las ciudades a través de diferentes instrumentos de intercambio y cooperación.

Mérida centro de las estrategias teleinformáticas en el país.

OpenAIRE

Mora Newman, Herbert

2002-01-01

EDITORIAL La Investigación en la Universidad de Los Andes Dagert Boyer, Manuel ARTÍCULOS Produciendo bienes útiles a la sociedad. Laboratorio de Fermentaciones Sistema integrado Parque Metropolitano Albarregas-Sistema de Transporte Masivo. La ULA a la vanguardia de los estudios celulares. Al aplicar la Citometría de Flujo. Heras, Adriana Investigación en el Núcleo Táchira. Posso, Fausto ...

Transboundary protected area proposals along the Southern Andes of Chile and Argentina: Status of current efforts

Science.gov (United States)

Peter Keller

2007-01-01

An evolving network of protected areas along the southern Andes of Chile and Argentina-the heart of Patagonia-are in various stages of evaluation and potential Transboundary Protected Area designations. This paper examines three such efforts. The first proposal is the North Andean-Patagonia Regional Eco-Corridor, which was the subject of a recent bilateral meeting...

A dinâmica locacional da avicultura e suinocultura no centro-oeste brasileiro.

OpenAIRE

Leopoldo Viriato Saboya

2001-01-01

Visando investigar a dinâmica locacional das empresas dos complexos aves e suínos estabelecidas na região Centro-Oeste brasileira, foi conduzida uma pesquisa empírica do processo de decisão locacional e dos fatores-chave na escolha do local produtivo, tendo como referencial teórico uma abordagem comportamental da Teoria da Localização. A pressuposição central deste estudo é a de que os preços mais baixos das matérias-primas básicas (em especial o milho) nos estados da região Centro-Oeste não ...

The Wiphala Genomics: the deployment of molecular markers in small-scale potato crop systems in the Bolivian Andes

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Puente, D.

2008-01-01

The deployment of molecular markers in the small-scale potato systems in the Bolivian Andes takes place within two contradictory understandings of potato biodiversity. On the one hand, biodiversity is understood as raw material; farmers' varieties have no intrinsic value, value is added by breeders

MÉXICO: CENTRO DE ORIGEN DE LA DOMESTICACIÓN DEL GIRASOL

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Robert Bye

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Hasta hace poco tiempo, el origen geográfico del girasol domesticado (Helianthus annuus había sido reportado en el área del sureste de los Estados Unidos de América. El análisis de documentos históricos de México y "semillas" arqueológicas recientemente descubiertas en Tabasco y Morelos, México, indican que los girasoles cultivados fueron importantes durante la época prehispánica y del virreinato en el centro de México. Cabe mencionar que los aquenios prehistóricos más grandes y más antiguos son de México. Aunque hoy en día las plantas silvestres son genéticamente distantes de los cultivares comerciales contemporáneos, las evidencias indican que México es el centro de origen más antiguo.

Controverses sur les sucres [Controversies about sugars

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Malika BOUCHENAK

2016-12-01

Full Text Available La surconsommation de sucres ajoutés et leurs effets putatifs sur diverses pathologies cardiométaboliques continuent de susciter des controverses. Dans les années 1950, le taux élevé de maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV, chez les hommes Américains a conduit à des études sur le rôle des facteurs alimentaires, tels que le cholestérol, les phytostérols, l'excès de calories, les acides aminés, les graisses, les glucides, les vitamines et les minéraux, à influencer le risque de MCV. Dans les années 60, deux éminents physiologistes, plaidant pour des hypothèses causales divergentes de MCV, John Yudkin a identifié les sucres ajoutés comme agent primaire, tandis que Ancel Keys identifiait les graisses totales, les graisses saturées et le cholestérol alimentaire. Cependant, dans les années 80, peu de scientifiques croyaient que les sucres ajoutés jouaient un rôle important dans la maladie coronarienne, et les premiers conseils nutritionnels de 1980 (1980 Dietary Guidelines for americans étaient axés sur la réduction des graisses totales, des graisses saturées et du cholestérol alimentaire pour la prévention des MCV.

Kas Arnold Rüütel valetas süümevannet andes? / Anneli Ammas, Garel Püüa

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ammas, Anneli, 1962-

2006-01-01

Autorite hinnangul tekib 31. augustil Eesti Ekspressis ilmunud artikli põhjal, milles käsitleti Johannes Hindi represseerimist, küsimus, kas Arnold Rüütel on valetanud Eesti Vabariigile korduvalt süümevannet andes. TÜ professori Kalle Meruski seisukoht. Lisa: Rüütel käskis kontrolli tugevdada

O USO DE TECNOLOGIAS EM MUSEUS E CENTROS DE VISITANTES: ESTUDO DE CASO DO CENTRO DE VISITANTES DO PROJETO TAMAR DE FERNANDO DE NORONHA – PE

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Tatiane Ferrari do Vale

2016-04-01

ambiental personalizada, realizada por meio das palestras. Descobrir o limite que tange o uso de tecnologias e a ausência de interpretes é um dos maiores desafios atuais dos museus e centros de visitantes. Palavras-chave: Projeto Tamar. Fernando de Noronha. Novas Tecnologias.

Centro de investigaciones industriales, en Erlangen, Alemania

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Maurer, H.

1969-04-01

Full Text Available This research centre consists of research laboratories, and jet development laboratories, as well as auxiliary buildings. They have been carefully planned in their general urban arrangement, to achieve the best possible mutual future extensions. Suitable spaces have been provided for open air technical meetings. The full project not only includes the Research Centre installations as such, but also workshops, residential zones, etc. Thus at a later stage a full project will be completed, with a total length of 2.5 km, which will include full housing and relaxation facilities.Las construcciones que integran este Centro de Investigación son las siguientes: laboratorios de investigación, laboratorios de desarrollo de reactores, etc. Se ajustan a un cuidado Plan urbanístico general y han sido diseñadas por grupos, a fin de lograr la debida coordinación entre sí, previéndose la posibilidad de futuras ampliaciones y creándose espacios apropiados para la celebración en ellos de coloquios al aire Ubre. El proyecto total, no solamente abarca las instalaciones del Centro de Investigación propiamente dichas, sino que incluye también los correspondientes talleres, zonas residenciales, etc. De esta forma, en el futuro se contará con un complejo organizado a lo largo de 2,5 km de longitud, en el cual se complementarán adecuadamente los lugares de trabajo, las viviendas y los locales de esparcimiento.

Estudo do centro de massa e estabilidade de quatro posturas básicas do Kung-fu Pak Hok

OpenAIRE

Miranda,Pedro Jeferson; Brinatti,André Maurício; Silva,Silvio Luiz Rutz da; Godoy,Marino Luiz Michelin

2016-01-01

Este trabalho trata da análise dos centros de massa e do cálculo da estabilidade das quatro posturas básicas do Kung Fu Pak Hok. Embora a biomecânica tenha surgido em 1960, a sua aplicação em artes marciais, como no Kung Fu ainda é pouco frequente. Apesar de haver estudos de movimentos do Kung Fu, não há trabalhos sobre o centro de massa e a estabilidade para as posturas mais básicas. Este trabalho como objetivo descrever o centro de massa e a estabilidade das quatro posturas mais básicas do ...

42 CFR 1000.10 - General definitions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false General definitions. 1000.10 Section 1000.10 Public Health OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL-HEALTH CARE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL PROVISIONS INTRODUCTION; GENERAL DEFINITIONS Definitions § 1000.10 General definitions. In this chapter...

Religión, género y construcción de una sexualidad en los Andes (Siglos XVI y XVII. Una acercamiento provisional

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Armas Asin, Fernando

2001-12-01

Full Text Available This study emphasizes the conceptual changes in regard to sex, sexuality and general genre relations in the Andes, in the 16th and 17th centuries, in the context of the establishment of the colonial society. It is analyzed the way in which a new discourse on the body was developed as a consequence of the deeply represive baroque culture. This culture recreated religious values which controlled every aspect of the daily life. It also enforced a rigid legislation which ruled through society as a whole.

El estudio busca enfatizar los cambios conceptuales que se produjeron en torno al sexo, la sexualidad, y, en términos generales, en las relaciones de género en los Andes en los siglos XVI y XVII, en un contexto de establecimiento de la sociedad colonial. Se analiza cómo se construyó un nuevo discurso sobre el cuerpo en los Andes como consecuencia de la cultura barroca, profundamente represiva. Dicha cultura recreó valores religiosos que controlaban todos los aspectos de la vida diaria, además de poner en marcha una legislación muy rígida que reguló toda la sociedad.

Estudio de los decomisos de sustancias psicoactivas en los centros penitenciarios de Catalunya (1991-2010)

OpenAIRE

Fuente Capdevila, Blanca de la

2013-01-01

[spa] En el “Estudio de los decomisos de sustancias psicoactivas en los centros penitenciarios de Catalunya (1991-2010)" se examinan las tendencias de las incautaciones provenientes de los mismos analizadas en el Laboratorio Territorial de Drogas. Los datos se agrupan respecto al número y a la naturaleza de los decomisos para determinar los patrones de demanda, y por consiguiente de consumo de los internos. Los resultados se analizan de forma global considerando todos los centros y de form...

REDVET en el Centro de Información de la Red de Agricultura de EE.UU (AgNIC)

OpenAIRE

REDVET

2010-01-01

ResumenAgNIC http://www.agnic.org/ es el Centro de Información de Red de Agricultura de EE.UU, una alianza de instituciones que trabajan paraofrecer un acceso rápido y fiable a fuentes de información agraria de calidad basada en concepto de "centros de excelencia".

The System Nobody Sees: Irrigated Wetland Management and Alpaca Herding in the Peruvian Andes

OpenAIRE

Verzijl, A.; Guerrero Quispe, S.

2013-01-01

Increasingly, attention in regional, national, and international water governance arenas has focused on high-altitude wetlands. However, existing local water management practices in these wetlands are often overlooked. This article looks at the irrigation activities of alpaca herders in the community of Ccarhuancho in the Central Andes of Peru. For more than two centuries, they have been constructing small-scale irrigation canals to maintain and expand the local wetlands, called bofedales. Th...

La estrategia de liderazgo regional de la India a través de la cooperación sur-sur (2003-2012)

OpenAIRE

Jaime Garzón, Carlos Felipe

2014-01-01

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar en qué medida la estrategia de liderazgo regional de la India ha sido impulsada a través de los programas y proyectos de cooperación sur-sur ofrecidos por este país en el periodo de 2003-2012. De igual forma se pretende indagar sobre el papel histórico que ha jugado la India en el establecimiento y posterior evolución de esta nueva forma de cooperación que ha sido vista por la mayoría de los académicos como un complemento de la cooperació...

Enjeux de territoires sur une frontière méconnue

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Françoise Grenand

2012-11-01

Full Text Available « J’ai travaillé dans le temps sur le chantier d’un pont sur le Zambèze. Je me suis toujours demandé pourquoi ils avaient décidé de faire un pont à cet endroit : c’est la même chose sur les deux rives… ». Humphrey Bogart, in African Queen, de John Huston, 1951.Il y a encore quatre décennies, la Guyane ignorait superbement qu’elle eût un voisin nommé Brésil. Une frontière en commun ? Et même la plus longue frontière terrestre de la France ? Les deux seules librairies du département ne proposai...

Constraints on deformation of the Southern Andes since the Cretaceous from anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility

Science.gov (United States)

Maffione, Marco; Hernandez-Moreno, Catalina; Ghiglione, Matias C.; Speranza, Fabio; van Hinsbergen, Douwe J. J.; Lodolo, Emanuele

2015-12-01

The southernmost segment of the Andean Cordillera underwent a complex deformation history characterized by alternation of contractional, extensional, and strike-slip tectonics. Key elements of southern Andean deformation that remain poorly constrained, include the origin of the orogenic bend known as the Patagonian Orocline (here renamed as Patagonian Arc), and the exhumation mechanism of an upper amphibolite facies metamorphic complex currently exposed in Cordillera Darwin. Here, we present results of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) from 22 sites in Upper Cretaceous to upper Eocene sedimentary rocks within the internal structural domain of the Magallanes fold-and-thrust belt in Tierra del Fuego (Argentina). AMS parameters from most sites reveal a weak tectonic overprint of the original magnetic fabric, which was likely acquired upon layer-parallel shortening soon after sedimentation. Magnetic lineation from 17 sites is interpreted to have formed during compressive tectonic phases associated to a continuous N-S contraction. Our data, combined with the existing AMS database from adjacent areas, show that the Early Cretaceous-late Oligocene tectonic phases in the Southern Andes yielded continuous contraction, variable from E-W in the Patagonian Andes to N-S in the Fuegian Andes, which defined a radial strain field. A direct implication is that the exhumation of the Cordillera Darwin metamorphic complex occurred under compressive, rather than extensional or strike-slip tectonics, as alternatively proposed. If we agree with recent works considering the curved Magallanes fold-and-thrust belt as a primary arc (i.e., no relative vertical-axis rotation of the limbs occurs during its formation), then other mechanisms different from oroclinal bending should be invoked to explain the documented radial strain field. We tentatively propose a kinematic model in which reactivation of variably oriented Jurassic faults at the South American continental margin controlled

Caracterización de la diversidad genética de cultivares comerciales de heliconias en el centro occidente de Colombia

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Marta Leonor Marulanda

2018-01-01

Full Text Available La familia Heliconiaceae tiene un solo género, Heliconia L., con aproximadamente 250 especies. Debido al colorido de sus brácteas son muy usadas para fines ornamentales presentando una creciente comercialización en el mercado internacional, lo que ha incentivado el aumento en el área productiva en los países de Centro y Sur América, al proporcionar una mayor oferta y demanda del producto. Sin embargo, existe en este género, confusión sobre el número de especies y las relaciones entre ellas. Esta inapropiada nomenclatura, puede originar problemas a nivel comercial y científico. En esta investigación realizada durante el 2014, se caracterizaron genéticamente 44 individuos del género Heliconia de importancia comercial en el centro occidente de Colombia, que corresponden a 4 especies, y un híbrido interespecífico, por medio de la amplificación de marcadores microsatélites previamente desarrollados para Heliconia bihai y Heliconia caribaea y marcadores microsatélites propios obtenidos del desarrollo de una librería genómica enriquecida con microsatélites para Heliconia orthotricha. Se seleccionaron 18 marcadores para realizar las caracterizaciones. Se utilizaron las estrategias de amplificación directa, así como la transferibilidad de marcadores. El equilibrio Hardy-Weinberg (EHW se rompió para algunos de los marcadores empleados en las diferentes especies de este estudio, ya que pertenecían a cultivares comerciales con alta presión de selección por parte de los cultivadores. El marcador Hb_C115 presentó el ligamiento con un mayor número de marcadores. Muchos de los marcadores están ligados entre sí y al no poseer mapas de ligamiento para ninguna especie del género no es posible determinar la cercanía de los mismos en los cromosomas. Se confirma la transferibilidad de los microsatélites desarrollados para diferentes especies del género Heliconia, como una herramienta útil en la caracterización varietal, la cual

7 CFR 1000.6 - Supply plant.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 9 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true Supply plant. 1000.6 Section 1000.6 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... Definitions § 1000.6 Supply plant. Supply plant means a plant approved by a duly constituted regulatory agency...

12 CFR 611.1000 - General authority.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false General authority. 611.1000 Section 611.1000 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM ORGANIZATION Bank Mergers, Consolidations and Charter Amendments § 611.1000 General authority. (a) An amendment to a bank charter may relate...

SurF: an innovative framework in biosecurity and animal health surveillance evaluation.

Science.gov (United States)

Muellner, Petra; Watts, Jonathan; Bingham, Paul; Bullians, Mark; Gould, Brendan; Pande, Anjali; Riding, Tim; Stevens, Paul; Vink, Daan; Stärk, Katharina Dc

2018-05-16

Surveillance for biosecurity hazards is being conducted by the New Zealand Competent Authority, the Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI) to support New Zealand's biosecurity system. Surveillance evaluation should be an integral part of the surveillance life cycle, as it provides a means to identify and correct problems and to sustain and enhance the existing strengths of a surveillance system. The surveillance evaluation Framework (SurF) presented here was developed to provide a generic framework within which the MPI biosecurity surveillance portfolio, and all of its components, can be consistently assessed. SurF is an innovative, cross-sectoral effort that aims to provide a common umbrella for surveillance evaluation in the animal, plant, environment and aquatic sectors. It supports the conduct of the following four distinct components of an evaluation project: (i) motivation for the evaluation, (ii) scope of the evaluation, (iii) evaluation design and implementation and (iv) reporting and communication of evaluation outputs. Case studies, prepared by MPI subject matter experts, are included in the framework to guide users in their assessment. Three case studies were used in the development of SurF in order to assure practical utility and to confirm usability of SurF across all included sectors. It is anticipated that the structured approach and information provided by SurF will not only be of benefit to MPI but also to other New Zealand stakeholders. Although SurF was developed for internal use by MPI, it could be applied to any surveillance system in New Zealand or elsewhere. © 2018 2018 The Authors. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases Published by Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

Los rubios. Recherche sur les différents états de la mémoire et sur la reconstruction d’une identité

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Marta Mariasole Raimondi

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Los rubios, Argentina, 2003. Réalisation : Albertina Carri. Interprètes : Analìa Couceyro, Albertina Carri. Durée : 89 min. Noir & blanc et couleurs. Langue espagnole. Introduction Mélange de souvenirs, d’anecdotes, de fragments et d’imagination. Los rubios [trad. Les Blonds] ne se présente pas comme un film de dénonciation ou comme un documentaire historique sur les detenidos-desparecidos. Dans ce film, Albertina Carri propose plutôt sa vision personnelle sur la disparition de ses parents. L...

Sur la plurifonctionnalité du discours direct

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Cigada Sara

2012-07-01

Full Text Available La comparaison entre les résultats de nombreux travaux sur le dialogue dans le texte littéraire, sur l’attestation linguistique de la subjectivité, sur la fonction argumentative des émotions dans le discours et sur les effets de polyphonie, suggère que la structure sémiotique et linguistique du discours direct (DD se trouve au croisement stratégique de plusieurs axes de la construction discursive. Nous étudions donc l’insertion du DD dans le discours (cf. Rosier 2008: Le discours rapporté en français; Kerbrat 2005: Le Discours en interaction et Id. 2008: Le Dialogue comme objet d’analyse linguistique; Maingueneau 2010: Manuel de linguistique pour le texte littéraire en tant que phénomène de rupture sémiotique (Genette 1972: Figures III et Id. 1983: Nouveau discours du récit, dans ses fonctions discursives plurielles, tantôt émotives (Tannen 1989: Talking Voices; Plantin-Traverso-Vosghanian 2008: Parcours des émotions en interaction, tantôt argumentatives (Doury 2001: La Fonction argumentative des échanges rapportés; Stati 1990: Le transphrastique. Du point de vue méthodologique, nous nous proposons de revisiter empiriquement, par l'étude de corpus, les traits linguistiques structuraux qui caractérisent l’insertion du DD dans un récit à l'écrit, en les comparant systématiquement aux traits de l’insertion du DD dans un récit à l'oral. Une analyse parallèle est possible en ce qui concerne les fonctions discursives, que le DD typiquement déroule dans les récits. Les fonctions du DD décrites à partir de l'étude des corpus sont plurielles: on reconnaît des fonctions fortement argumentatives d'autres plus typiquement narratives, tandis que d'autres encore amalgament les deux fonctions. Le « contrat de littéralité », qui selon Genette ne porterait jamais que sur la teneur du discours, doit donc être fortement nuancé selon les contextes, tandis que l'effet de sens le plus directement lié à la

Effets des electrons secondaires sur l'ADN

Science.gov (United States)

Boudaiffa, Badia

Les interactions des electrons de basse energie (EBE) representent un element important en sciences des radiations, particulierement, les sequences se produisant immediatement apres l'interaction de la radiation ionisante avec le milieu biologique. Il est bien connu que lorsque ces radiations deposent leur energie dans la cellule, elles produisent un grand nombre d'electrons secondaires (4 x 104/MeV), qui sont crees le long de la trace avec des energies cinetiques initiales bien inferieures a 20 eV. Cependant, il n'y a jamais eu de mesures directes demontrant l'interaction de ces electrons de tres basse energie avec l'ADN, du principalement aux difficultes experimentales imposees par la complexite du milieu biologique. Dans notre laboratoire, les dernieres annees ont ete consacrees a l'etude des phenomenes fondamentaux induits par impact des EBE sur differentes molecules simples (e.g., N2, CO, O2, H2O, NO, C2H 4, C6H6, C2H12) et quelques molecules complexes dans leur phase solide. D'autres travaux effectues recemment sur des bases de l'ADN et des oligonucleotides ont montre que les EBE produisent des bris moleculaires sur les biomolecules. Ces travaux nous ont permis d'elaborer des techniques pour mettre en evidence et comprendre les interactions fondamentales des EBE avec des molecules d'interet biologique, afin d'atteindre notre objectif majeur d'etudier l'effet direct de ces particules sur la molecule d'ADN. Les techniques de sciences des surfaces developpees et utilisees dans les etudes precitees peuvent etre etendues et combinees avec des methodes classiques de biologie pour etudier les dommages de l'ADN induits par l'impact des EBE. Nos experiences ont montre l'efficacite des electrons de 3--20 eV a induire des coupures simple et double brins dans l'ADN. Pour des energies inferieures a 15 eV, ces coupures sont induites par la localisation temporaire d'un electron sur une unite moleculaire de l'ADN, ce qui engendre la formation d'un ion negatif transitoire

AP1000, a nuclear central of advanced design; AP1000, una central nuclear de diseno avanzado

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hernandez M, N.; Viais J, J. [ININ, 52045 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)]. e-mail: nhm@nuclear.inin.mx

2005-07-01

The AP1000 is a design of a nuclear reactor of pressurized water (PWR) of 1000 M We with characteristic of safety in a passive way; besides presenting simplifications in the systems of the plant, the construction, the maintenance and the safety, the AP1000 is a design that uses technology endorsed by those but of 30 years of operational experience of the PWR reactors. The program AP1000 of Westinghouse is focused to the implementation of the plant to provide improvements in the economy of the same one and it is a design that is derived directly of the AP600 designs. On September 13, 2004 the US-NRC (for their initials in United States- Nuclear Regulatory Commission) approved the final design of the AP1000, now Westinghouse and the US-NRC are working on the whole in a complete program for the certification. (Author)

Photosynthetic performance of Colobanthus quitensis (Kunth Bartl. (Caryophyllaceae in a high-elevation site of the Andes of central Chile Desempeño fotosintético de Colobanthus quitensis (Kunth Bartl. (Caryophyllaceae en los Andes de Chile central

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. ANGÉLICA CASANOVA-KATNY

2006-03-01

midió la tasa de intercambio gaseoso y la fluorescencia de la clorofila en tres días típicos durante la estación de crecimiento (enero, marzo y mayo. Adicionalmente, se realizaron una serie de curvas de respuesta a incrementos en la intensidad lumínica a diferentes temperaturas para estimar la propensión de C. quitensis a la fotoinhibición. La fotosíntesis neta (Pn fue baja (ca. de 2,0 mmol CO2 m-2s-1 en la mañana y mediodía en días con alta radiación fotosintéticamente activa (PAR, sobre los 1.500 mmol fotones m-2s-1. La tasa de fotosíntesis aumentó en la tarde (3,5-4,8 mmol CO2 m-2s-1 cuando la radiación PAR disminuyó a alrededor de 1.000 mmol fotones m-2s-1. Fv/Fm osciló entre 0,7-0,75 en los registros de enero y marzo, decreciendo en mayo a 0,67. Hojas medidas a 15 y 22 °C mostraron un leve descenso en F PSII con el aumento en la intensidad de luz actínica, aunque la fracción de centros de reacción abiertos (expresados por qP fue mayor a 22 °C. NPQ fue saturado a intensidades lumínicas cercanas a 500 mmol photons m-2s-1 en hojas a 22 °C, y a intensidades mayores en hojas a 15 °C, sugiriendo que NPQ puede ser un mecanismo de disipación energética bajo condiciones de altas intensidades lumínicas y altas temperaturas en el campo. Nuestros resultados indican que C. quitensis no sufre fotodaño durante los ciclos diurnos, y probablemente, los bajos Pn registrados durante algunos periodos diurnos están relacionados con fotorrespiración, la cual ha sido sugerida como un mecanismo muy eficiente en la protección de plantas alpinas contra la fotoinhibición. Nuestros resultados también son comparados con el desempeño fotosintético de las poblaciones de C. quitensis en la Antártica marítima

Finanzas de la Universidad de Los Andes

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Rosa Aura Casal de Altuve

2006-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo primario de este artículo es el de fungir de base comparativa para otros estudios de países latinoamericanos que podrían estar considerando síntomas similares en el área de la investigación contable. El punto de partida lo representa un estudio de caso de los profesores del Departamento de Contabilidad y Finanzas de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales de la Universidad de los Andes. El artículo analiza la relación entre investigación y enseñanza y si el departamento está o no cumpliendo con sus objetivos. Un objetivo secundario consiste en la determinación de los posibles factores que han tenido una influencia significativa en el desempeño de la investigación y de la enseñanza por parte de los investigadores. Basándose en entrevistas y recolección directa de datos, se consideran las estrategias institucionales para fijar los objetivos de las actividades de investigación

Unexpected Climatological Behavior of MLT Gravity Wave Momentum Flux in the Lee of the Southern Andes Hot Spot

Science.gov (United States)

DeWit, R. J.; Janches, D.; Fritts, D. C.; Stockwell, R. G.; Coy, L.

2017-01-01

The Southern Argentina Agile MEteor Radar (SAAMER), located at Tierra del Fuego (53.7degS, 67.7degW), has been providing near-continuous high-resolution measurements of winds and high-frequency gravity wave (GW) momentum fluxes of the mesopause region since May 2008. As SAAMER is located in the lee of the largest seasonal GW hot spot on Earth, this is a key location to study GWs and their interaction with large-scale motions. GW momentum flux climatologies are shown for the first time for this location and discussed in light of these unique dynamics. Particularly, the large eastward GW momentum fluxes during local winter are surprising, as these observations cannot be explained by the direct upward propagation of expected large-amplitude mountain waves (MWs) through the eastward stratospheric jet. Instead, these results are interpreted as secondary GWs propagating away from stratospheric sources over the Andes accompanying MW breaking over the Southern Andes.

GSTAR-SUR Modeling With Calendar Variations And Intervention To Forecast Outflow Of Currencies In Java Indonesia

Science.gov (United States)

Akbar, M. S.; Setiawan; Suhartono; Ruchjana, B. N.; Riyadi, M. A. A.

2018-03-01

Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) is general method to estimates Generalized Space Time Autoregressive (GSTAR) parameters. But in some cases, the residuals of GSTAR are correlated between location. If OLS is applied to this case, then the estimators are inefficient. Generalized Least Squares (GLS) is a method used in Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) model. This method estimated parameters of some models with residuals between equations are correlated. Simulation study shows that GSTAR with GLS method for estimating parameters (GSTAR-SUR) is more efficient than GSTAR-OLS method. The purpose of this research is to apply GSTAR-SUR with calendar variation and intervention as exogenous variable (GSTARX-SUR) for forecast outflow of currency in Java, Indonesia. As a result, GSTARX-SUR provides better performance than GSTARX-OLS.

Alexitimia, resiliencia y creencias paranormales en personas mayores en un centro institucionalizado

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Inmaculada Méndez

2015-08-01

Full Text Available La alexitimia hace referencia a la dificultad para comprender e identificar los propios sentimientos y los de los demás. El proceso de adaptación a un centro residencial es una de las situaciones estresantes a las que puede enfrentarse la persona mayor. Para poder sobreponerse ante dichas situaciones es fundamental la capacidad de resiliencia e incluso existen personas que buscan apoyo en la religiosidad o en las creencias en lo paranormal. En este trabajo se estudió la relación entre aleximitia, resiliencia y creencias paranormales en un grupo de 35 personas mayores (21 mujeres con edades entre 66 y 95 años de un centro institucionalizado. Se administraron la escala TAS-20 para la evaluación de la alexitimia, la Escala de Resiliencia CD-RISC y la Escala Mejorada de Creencias Paranormales. Entre los principales resultados cabe destacar que los sujetos con mayores Dificultades para identificar sentimientos son los que presentaban un menor Control personal; los sujetos con mayores Dificultades para identificar sentimientos son los que menor creencia poseían de las Formas de vida extraordinaria y los sujetos con mayor capacidad de Control Personal son los que mayor creencia tenían de las Formas de vida extraordinaria. Se discuten las aplicaciones que los profesionales pueden poner en marcha en centros institucionalizados de personas mayores.

21 CFR 589.1000 - Gentian violet.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Gentian violet. 589.1000 Section 589.1000 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) ANIMAL DRUGS... Substances Prohibited From Use in Animal Food or Feed § 589.1000 Gentian violet. The Food and Drug...

LA REFORMA FALLIDA DE LOS CENTROS DE ATENCIÓN MÚLTIPLE EN MÉXICO

OpenAIRE

Ismael García Cedillo; Silvia Romero Contreras; Karla Motilla Negrete; Claudia Isabel Zapata Martínez

2009-01-01

El objetivo del presente estudio consiste en identificar la manera en que se reorganizaron los Centros de Atención Múltiple para atender los retos implícitos en la integración educativa y cómo valoran dichos cambios los integrantes de la comunidad educativa. Los cambios en la legislación que se realizaron en México con motivo del inicio de la integración educativa abarcaban a la educación especial en su conjunto. Con respecto a las escuelas de educación especial (ahora Centros de Atención Múl...

United States National Grid for New Mexico, UTM 12, (1000m X 1000m polygons )

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — This is a polygon feature data layer of United States National Grid (1000m x 1000m polygons ) constructed by the Center for Interdisciplinary Geospatial Information...

United States National Grid for New Mexico, UTM 13, (1000m X 1000m polygons )

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — This is a polygon feature data layer of United States National Grid (1000m x 1000m polygons ) constructed by the Center for Interdisciplinary Geospatial Information...

El Centro de Cardioestimuladores del Uruguay. CCC Medical Devices

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Pablo Darscht

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Estudio de caso del Centro de Cardioestimuladores del Uruguay - CCC Medical Devices preparado a solicitud de Ingenio en el marco del proyecto financiado por la Iniciativa para Incubadoras de InfoDev - Grupo Banco Mundial. Este estudio detalla los pasos seguidos por una empresa nacional con un fuerte factor de innovación y los cambios producidos en el entorno de los negocios de la empresa. El comienzo de una pequeña empresa de marcapasos que tras pasar por diferentes etapas hoy gana mercados en el área de ingeniería para dispositivos médicos para diferentes empresas de investigación biomédica a nivel internacional.AbstractCase study of the Centro de Cardioestimuladores del Uruguay - CCC Medical Devices prepared on behalf of Ingenio within the project financed by de Incubator Initiative of InfoDev-World Bank Group. This study refers to the steps followed by a highly innovative local company and to the changes in its business environment. The start up of a small pacemakers company that after going through different stages is presently increasing its market share in the area of engineering of medical devices for biomedic research companies worldwide.

Dans le labyrinthe de verre. La négociation sur l'effet de serre

OpenAIRE

Hourcade , Jean Charles

2002-01-01

National audience; En parcourant les étapes principales de la « négociation climat », on fait apparaître le jeu de miroirs qui se déroule entre Europe et États-Unis, dans un contexte historique caractérisé par les débats sur la mondialisation, la volonté de leadership de l'Union européenne sur ce thème, la montée aux États-Unis d'inquiétudes sur le maintien de leur suprématie.On montre aussi pourquoi ce jeu, après avoir masqué des possibilités réelles de compromis, a débouché en 2000 sur l'éc...

La acción tutorial y el clima escolar en los centros de educación secundaria obligatoria

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Cristiano Serrano García

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Con el presente estudio se pretende profundizar en cómo incide la Acción Tutorial en el Clima en los centros educativos públicos y concertados de Secundaria y las causas que el profesorado de estos centros señala como determinantes. La implantación de un Plan de Acción Tutorial lleva implícito una serie de dificultades y desafíos que conviene abordar desde una perspectiva realista y de futuro. El Plan de Acción Tutorial debe afrontar la adecuada organización y el buen funcionamiento de los centros, unidos a la participación positiva y a un clima motivador en el trabajo. Es interesante determinar cuáles son los elementos y factores en la Acción Tutorial y el Clima de, así como la relación existente entre ambos. El objetivo de este estudio es comprobar si, desde la Acción Tutorial se mejora la Ecología del Centro, se influye en la Dirección, se mejora la Cultura de Convivencia, se incide sobre el Sistema Social, se mejora el Desarrollo Profesional y se consigue la Satisfacción de los profesionales de ámbitos educativos, se puede mejorar el Clima Escolar como conjunto. Se trata de un estudio evaluativo, para ello se ha aplicado los cuestionarios a 187 profesores de diversos centros públicos y concertados de Secundaria, que conforma la muestra del estudio. Para finalizar es necesario señalar que: «Si desde la Acción Tutorial conseguimos aumentar la comunicación entre la comunidad educativa, aumentaremos la confianza, conseguiremos un alto grado de motivación y esto ayudará a conseguir una participación activa y facilitará la obtención de un mejor clima en el centro educativo».

Sur les lherzolites et ophites des Pyrénées

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zwart, H.J.

1953-01-01

Depuis longtemps on trouve dans la littérature sur la géologie des Pyrénées des discussions sur les lherzolites et les ophites, concernant leur origine, leur âge et leur mode de formation. En général ces discussions ont rendu difficile l'éclaircissement de ce problème et un résumé de toute la

L'incidence des pesticides sur les producteurs de pommes de terre ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

27 janv. 2011 ... De 1990 à 1993, lui et Charles Crissman du Centre international de la pomme de terre (CIP) en Équateur ont participé à une étude appelée Tradeoffs qui portait sur les effets des pesticides sur la santé, l'environnement et la productivité. Tous deux sont chargés de la direction des recherches du projet ...

Turismo en Segovia sur. Análisis y propuestas de mejora

OpenAIRE

Herranz Marcos, María

2015-01-01

Este trabajo hace un análisis sobre el turismo rural y sostenible. El cual se basa en el territorio de Segovia sur. Segovia sur tiene un gran potencial turístico, que en algunas zonas es menos conocido. Por ello la creación de una serie de propuestas (senderismo, cicloturismo) que de forma sostenible potencien el desarrollo del turismo en esa zona. Grado en Turismo

Etude des répercussions de la pollution industrielle sur la riziculture ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Les industries spécialisées dans le textile déversent leurs eaux usées dans le ... sur les sols, les compositions chimiques des plants de riz et sur la production. ... The effluents quality varies on day, the pH from 3.9 to 10.6 and the electrical ...

The genus Callophyllis (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta from the central-south Chilean coast (33° to 41° S, with the description of two new species El género Callophyllis (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta de la costa central y sur de Chile (33° a 41° S, con la descripción de dos nuevas especies

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NATALIA ARAKAKI

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The taxonomic status of the species in the genus Callophyllis Kützing (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta from central-south Chile (33° to 41° S is examined on the basis of morphological and molecular evidence. Of the four species originally cited for central Chile, C. variegata, C. pinnata, C. atrosanguinea and C. laciniata, only the presence of C. variegata has been confirmed in this study. C. pinnata reported from Chile is found to be different from C. pinnata described from California, and it is here newly described as C. concepcionensis sp. nov. C. atrosanguinea from southern Chile (including C. linguata from the Antarctic Peninsula is distinct from the species called C. atrosanguinea from central-south Chile, the latter which is here described as C. macrostiolata sp. nov. C. variegata, C. concepcionensis and C. macrostiolata are distinguished from one another by their external habit, the nature and distribution of their cystocarps, and the female reproductive morphology. Comparative rbcL sequence analysis corroborates the distinction of these taxa from central-south Chile and their relationships to other species worldwide.Se examina el estatus taxonómico de las especies del género Callophyllis Kützing (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta de la costa centro-sur de Chile (33° a 41° S en base a caracteres morfológicos y moleculares. De las cuatro especies citadas para Chile central, C. variegata, C. pinnata, C. atrosanguinea y C. laciniata, solo la presencia de C. variegata ha sido confirmada en este estudio. C. pinnata de Chile muestra diferencias con C. pinnata descrita para California y con el resto de las especies de Callophyllis hasta ahora conocidas, constituyendo así una nueva especie, C. concepcionensis sp. nov. C. atrosanguinea del sur de Chile (incluyendo C. linguata de la Península Antártica muestra diferencias con la especie llamada C. atrosanguinea de la costa centro-sur de Chile, esta última especie es descrita como C. macrostiolata

Centro Nacional de Información de Pesticidas - Portada

Science.gov (United States)

Envenenamiento humano Envenenamiento de mascotas Recursos para derrames y limpieza Envenenamiento de vida información local sobre pesticidas y control de plagas Información y recursos sobre pesticidas: Preguntas ) Podcasts Materiales de difusión Recursos profesionales de NPIC (inglés) Redes Sociales: Centro Nacional

East of the Andes: The genetic profile of the Peruvian Amazon populations.

Science.gov (United States)

Di Corcia, T; Sanchez Mellado, C; Davila Francia, T J; Ferri, G; Sarno, S; Luiselli, D; Rickards, O

2017-06-01

Assuming that the differences between the Andes and the Amazon rainforest at environmental and historical levels have influenced the distribution patterns of genes, languages, and cultures, the maternal and paternal genetic reconstruction of the Peruvian Amazon populations was used to test the relationships within and between these two extreme environments. We analyzed four Peruvian Amazon communities (Ashaninka, Huambisa, Cashibo, and Shipibo) for both Y chromosome (17 STRs and 8 SNPs) and mtDNA data (control region sequences, two diagnostic sites of the coding region, and one INDEL), and we studied their variability against the rest of South America. We detected a high degree of genetic diversity in the Peruvian Amazon people, both for mtDNA than for Y chromosome, excepting for Cashibo people, who seem to have had no exchanges with their neighbors, in contrast with the others communities. The genetic structure follows the divide between the Andes and the Amazon, but we found a certain degree of gene flow between these two environments, as particularly emerged with the Y chromosome descent cluster's (DCs) analysis. The Peruvian Amazon is home to an array of populations with differential rates of genetic exchanges with their neighbors and with the Andean people, depending on their peculiar demographic histories. We highlighted some successful Y chromosome lineages expansions originated in Peru during the pre-Columbian history which involved both Andeans and Amazon Arawak people, showing that at least a part of the Amazon rainforest did not remain isolated from those exchanges. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Subvolcanic contact metasomatism at El Laco Volcanic Complex, Central Andes Metasomatismo de contacto subvolcánico en el Complejo Volcánico El Laco, Andes centrales

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José A Naranjo

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Studies of drill cores from the Pasos Blancos area at El Laco in the central Andes, northern Chile, give evidence of an intense and extensive subvolcanic contact-metasomatic process. This process resulted from shallow-level emplacement of very volatile-rich iron-oxide magma, with discharge of volatiles that resulted in extensive fracturing of overlying volcanic rocks. The brecciated rocks were altered (mainly extensive scapolitization and formation of pyroxene by hot magmatic fluids emitted from the cooling intrusion , and accompanied by magnetite deposition. With time and decreasing temperature, the metasomatic fluids evolved to fluids of hydrothermal character, and a final recent geothermal event took place that deposited superficial gypsum over a large part of the El Laco Volcanic Complex.Estudios realizados en testigos de sondajes en el area de Pasos Blancos en El Laco, en los Andes Centrales del norte de Chile, dan evidencias de un intenso y extenso proceso subvolcánico de metasomatismo de contacto. Este proceso es el resultado de un emplazamiento a poca profundidad de un magma de óxido de fierro muy rico en volátiles y cuya descarga de gases produjo un intenso fracturamiento de las rocas sobrepuestas. Las rocas brechizadas fueron alteradas (principalmente una extensa escapolitización y formación de piroxeno, junto con la depositación de magnetita, por los fluidos magmáticos calientes emitidos por la intrusión durante su enfriamiento. Los fluidos metasomáticos evolucionaron en el tiempo y con la disminución de temperatura, a fluidos de carácter hidrotermal y finalmente tuvo lugar un evento geotérmico reciente, el cual depositó yeso superficial en gran parte del Complejo Volcánico El Laco.

Centro de Recursos de Aprendizagem: biblioteca escolar para o século XXI

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Kelley Cristine Gonçalves Dias Gasque

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Relato de experiência do planejamento, construção e funcionamento do Centro de Recursos de Aprendizagem, CRA, do Colégio Marista de Brasília. Mais do que local de acesso à informação, constitui-se espaço de aprendizagem e de conhecimento, integrado ao processo pedagógico da escola, com a tarefa de formar cidadãos críticos e autônomos. Conclui-se que apesar do êxito da biblioteca, para que seja efetivamente usada como Centro de Recursos de Aprendizagem, a escola deve-se adotar currículo mais flexível e métodos de resolução de problemas.

Cooperación Sur-Sur para el fortalecimiento de los laboratorios de control de medicamentos de la Comunidad del Caribe (CARICOM

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José María Parisi

Full Text Available RESUMEN Objetivo Describir los beneficios obtenidos a través de la cooperación Sur-Sur y Triangular, como una potencial herramienta para el fortalecimiento en el control de la calidad de los medicamentos en los Laboratorios Oficiales de Control de Medicamentos (LOCM de la Región de las Américas. Métodos Estudio descriptivo del proyecto para el fortalecimiento en el control de la calidad de los medicamentos en los LOCM de la Comunidad del Caribe (CARICOM. Resultados La capacitación fue desarrollada por profesionales de la Administración Nacional de Medicamentos, Alimentos y Tecnología Médica (ANMAT de Argentina, a profesionales de Guyana, Jamaica, Surinam y Trinidad y Tobago. El proyecto contó con financiamiento del Fondo Argentino de Cooperación Sur-Sur y Triangular (FO.AR y coordinación de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS. Se revisaron los documentos de Buenas Prácticas de Laboratorio (BPL de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS y de la Red Panamericana para la Armonización de la Reglamentación Farmacéutica (Red-PARF y se fortaleció el área de controles físicos químicos, principalmente en relación a medicamentos para el tratamiento de la tuberculosis, la malaria y el VIH/sida, todos de importancia estratégica para esos países. Conclusión Este tipo de colaboraciones permiten transferir experiencia, optimizar los recursos, armonizar procedimientos y regulaciones y reforzar capacidades en término de recursos humanos, y constituyen una herramienta valiosa en la reducción de las asimetrías que pudieron establecerse en diferentes áreas entre diferentes países de nuestra región.

Experiments with the SUR 100 training reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Milicic, B.

1984-06-01

This paper contains a compilation of various experiments using the SUR - 100 reactor for training purposes, which have been widly proved in practical work at the School for Nuclear Technology of the Karlsruhe Research Center. (orig.) [de

Vivir en un centro histórico en Latinoamérica. Percepciones de los hogares de profesionales en la ciudad de Puebla

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Hélène Bélanger

2008-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación sobre la "clase profesional" que se llevó a cabo en la ciudad de Puebla (México en relación con sus percepciones sobre el centro histórico como hábitat. A pesar de que la uneEsco otorgó a la ciudad su reconocimiento como patrimonio mundial y pese a todos los programas diseñados para protegerla y mejorarla, su centro antiguo no parece ser uno de los "buenos sectores" (los barrios adecuados para vivir. Los hogares de profesionales que viven en el centro histórico han satisfecho sus condiciones de vida; sin embargo varios de ellos, que no residen en el centro, tienen una percepción negativa sobre la seguridad, la limpieza, la infraestructura y las condiciones sociales del sector. Esta percepción perjudica la revitalización sociorresidencial del centro histórico de la ciudad.

L'Avenir de la Vie sur la Terre

CERN Document Server

CERN. Geneva

2007-01-01

Notre planète va mal : réchauffement climatique, épuisement des ressources naturelles, pollutions des sols et de l'eau provoquées par les industries civiles et guerrières, disparité des richesses, malnutrition des hommes, taux d'extinction effarant des espèces vivantes, etc. La situation est-elle vraiment dramatique ? Que penser des thèses qui contestent ce pessimisme ? À partir des données scientifiques les plus crédibles - et de leurs incertitudes -, Hubert Reeves dresse un bilan précis des menaces qui pèsent sur la planète. Son diagnostic est alarmant : si la vie sur Terre est robuste, c'est l'avenir de l'espèce humaine qui est en cause. Le sort de l'aventure humaine, entamée il y a des millions d'années, va-t-il se jouer en l'espace de quelques décennies ? Notre avenir est entre nos mains. Il faut réagir, et vite, avant qu'il ne soit trop tard. Auteur de nombreux ouvrages sur l'odyssée cosmique tel Patience dans l'azur ou Poussières d'étoiles, Hubert Reeves est astrophysicien et dire...

La Convention de Rio sur la diversité biologique

OpenAIRE

Maljean-Dubois , Sandrine

2016-01-01

International audience; Du 3 au 14 juin 1992, en écho à la première grande conférence onusienne sur l'environnement et le développement, celle de Stockholm organisée en 1972, se tenait à Rio de Janeiro la Conférence des Nations Unies sur l'environnement et le développement (CNUED), dite aussi Sommet de la Terre. Cette conférence marquait une étape dans la perception des enjeux environnementaux et suscitait de vifs espoirs. Un programme d'action pour le XXI ème siècle, Action 21, dont le chapi...

Élaboration d'un projet portant sur la mise ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

They will also identify strategic measures that can make individual ...... Centro Internacional de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo IDRC Corporate Awards ...... de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo From Data to Development: Exploring the ...

Westinghouse AP 1000 program status

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Doehnert, B.

2002-01-01

The project 1000 is presented and features are discussed in the paper. Design maturity is characterized by 1300 man-year / $400 million design and testing effort, more than 12 000 design documents completed; 3D computer model developed. It includes structures, equipment, small / large pipe, cable trays, ducts etc. Licensing Maturity is determined by a very thorough and complete NRC review of AP600; 110 man-year effort (NRC) over 6 years, $30 million; independent, confirmatory plant analysis; independent, confirmatory plant testing (ROSA, OSU); over 7400 questions answered, no open items; over 380 meeting with NRC, 43 meetings with ACRS. NRC Design Certification is issued in December 1999. Reasons for developing AP 1000 and design changes are presented. Economic analysis shows an expectation for payback within 20 years. AP1000 provides 75% power uprate for 15% increment in capital cost. AP1000 meets new plant economic targets in the near term

Culture and landslide risk in the Central Andes of Bolivia and Peru

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nicholas Roberts

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Culture and its heritage play a major role in determining landslide risk in the Central Andes. Examples of some of these many possible influences are provided from natural and social science literature and from the author’s recent work in Bolivia. Landslide risk appears to have generally increased throughout the last millennium, due largely to anthropogenic modification of hazard, exposure, vulnerability and coping capacity. These changes result from both local and distant pressures and from contemporaneous and pervious cultural factors. Consequently, holistic examination of landslide risk necessitates consideration of culture and its heritage.

Bâle 3 : Quels impacts sur le financement des pays émergents ?

OpenAIRE

Figuet, Jean-Marc; Humblot, Thomas; Lahet, Delphine

2013-01-01

La persistance de crises bancaires démontre l'incapacité des établissements de crédit à s'autoréguler. De ce fait, le Comité de Bâle étend largement le périmètre de la nouvelle règlementation prudentielle. Sur la base de la littérature sur les déterminants des flux de capitaux transfrontières et d'un GMM système, cet article analyse l'impact potentiel de l'accord Bâle 3 sur les flux de capitaux bancaires provenant des banques de 16 pays industrialisés à destination d'un panel de 30 pays émerg...

Plan de mejoramiento integral del Centro Educativo Víctor Cartagena de la ciudad de Cayambe.

OpenAIRE

Aguilar Pozo, Patricia Jeanneth

2009-01-01

El Plan de Mejoramiento Integral incluye cuatro capítulos correspondientes a una investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa que sea realizó dentro y fuera del Centro Educativo Víctor Cartagena. En el primer capítulo se hace un análisis de la importancia de la educación inicial y primaria; la incidencia de la calidad educativa y una breve descripción de la perspectiva de la escuela como empresa. En el segundo capitulo se expone un diagnóstico del Centro Educativo Víctor Cart...

Análisis de los Componentes Organizativos de Centros de Formación Profesional en España

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Javier Hinojo-Lucena

2013-10-01

Full Text Available El artículo se centra en analizar las percepciones del equipo directivo de los centros educativos en función de la estructura abiótica de las instituciones (infraestructura, dotación presupuestaria, naturaleza jurídica, etc. y su funcionamiento biótico (interrelaciones personales y dinámica organizativa, para determinar propuestas de mejora que repercutan en la calidad educativa de los servicios formativos ofrecidos. El diseño utilizado es no experimental a través del Método de Encuesta, y más concretamente transversal, mediante cuestionario. Las principales conclusiones fueron: a Configuración arquitectónica, naturaleza del centro, el entorno y la dotación presupuestaria: Tiene poca influencia la naturaleza del centro, se desarrolla en zonas urbanas de las ciudades. Se tiene muy poca relación con otros centros educativos de la zona, por tanto, son muy independientes, contando además con pocos proyectos de innovación educativa, teniendo otras prioridades de gasto. b Aspectos organizativos: Se tiene una relación fluida con empresas, teniendo un liderazgo muy marcado (equipo directivo. El clima escolar de los centros es muy bueno, siendo excelentes las relaciones interpersonales entre el profesorado. El rendimiento del alumnado es muy favorable, utilizando cada vez los recursos tecnológicos para innovar en la educación, aunque pueden mejorarse. Se debe aumentar la financiación para aumentar la calidad de la formación.

Effets du travail du sol sur le comportement chimique et biologique ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SARAH

31 juil. 2017 ... RESUME. Objectif : L'objectif de cette étude est de comparer les effets de six techniques culturales de mise en place du blé tendre sur certaines propriétés chimiques et biologiques du sol et les conséquences sur le rendement grain et ses composantes dans la région «non chernozem» en 7ème années ...

The Neogene rise of the tropical Andes facilitated diversification of wax palms (Ceroxylon: Arecaceae) through geographical colonization and climatic niche separation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sanín, María José; Kissling, W. Daniel; Bacon, Christine D.

2016-01-01

The tropical Andes are a biodiversity hotspot, partly due to their rich and complex floristic composition. A fundamental question regarding this outstanding biodiversity is what role the Andean orogeny has played in species diversification. Ceroxylon is a genus of endemic Andean palms that stands...... gradients. Ancestral areas were reconstructed under a model allowing for founder-event speciation and climatic niches were inferred from climatic variables at present-day occurrences of all species. Niche evolution in a phylogenetic framework was evaluated by testing differences between the climatic niches...... of clades. Our analyses identified four main clades, with a general pattern of diversification through geographical colonization from south to north after the Pliocene uplift of the northern Andes. Adaptation to low temperatures was conserved at the generic level, with climatic niche differentiation among...

Sur?Surva - the Forgotten God [In Bulgarian

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G. Simeonova

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Тhis paper deals with the neglected god – Sur/Surva. The author considers in full detail this problem, finding an evidence for the statements proposed by a new perusal of Stefan Verkovich’s Veda Slovena.

Perception du risque et vulnérabilité des milieux humides sur la côte ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Ils repéreront et évalueront les facteurs de stress associés aux changements climatiques pour ensuite analyser les facteurs qui influent sur la gestion des milieux humides et sur la perception des risques au sein des collectivités locales. Cette analyse débouchera sur l'élaboration de lignes directrices pour encourager les ...

AP1000{sup TM} plant modularization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cantarero L, C.; Demetri, K. J. [Westinghouse Electric Co., 1000 Westinghouse Drive, Cranberry Township, PA 16066 (United States); Quintero C, F. P., E-mail: cantarc@westinghouse.com [Westinghouse Electric Spain, Padilla 17, 28006 Madrid (Spain)

2016-09-15

The AP1000{sup TM} plant is an 1100 M We pressurized water reactor (PWR) with passive safety features and extensive plant simplifications that enhance construction, operation, maintenance and safety. Modules are used extensively in the design of the AP1000 plant nuclear island. The AP1000 plant uses modern, modular-construction techniques for plant construction. The design incorporates vendor-designed skids and equipment packages, as well as large, multi-ton structural modules and special equipment modules. Modularization allows traditionally sequential construction tasks to be completed simultaneously. Factory-built modules can be installed at the site in a planned construction schedule. The modularized AP1000 plant allows many more construction activities to proceed in parallel. This reduces plant construction calendar time, thus lowering the costs of plant financing. Furthermore, performing less work onsite significantly reduces the amount of skilled field-craft labor, which costs more than shop labor. In addition to labor cost savings, doing more welding and fabrication in a factory environment raises the quality of work, allowing more scheduling flexibility and reducing the amount of specialized tools required onsite. The site layout for the AP1000 plant has been established to support modular construction and efficient operations during construction. The plant layout is compact, using less space than previous conventional plant layouts. This paper provides and overview of the AP1000 plant modules with an emphasis on structural modules. Currently the Westinghouse AP1000 plant has four units under construction in China and four units under construction in the United States. All have shown successful fabrication and installation of various AP1000 plant modules. (Author)

AP1000"T"M plant modularization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cantarero L, C.; Demetri, K. J.; Quintero C, F. P.

2016-09-01

The AP1000"T"M plant is an 1100 M We pressurized water reactor (PWR) with passive safety features and extensive plant simplifications that enhance construction, operation, maintenance and safety. Modules are used extensively in the design of the AP1000 plant nuclear island. The AP1000 plant uses modern, modular-construction techniques for plant construction. The design incorporates vendor-designed skids and equipment packages, as well as large, multi-ton structural modules and special equipment modules. Modularization allows traditionally sequential construction tasks to be completed simultaneously. Factory-built modules can be installed at the site in a planned construction schedule. The modularized AP1000 plant allows many more construction activities to proceed in parallel. This reduces plant construction calendar time, thus lowering the costs of plant financing. Furthermore, performing less work onsite significantly reduces the amount of skilled field-craft labor, which costs more than shop labor. In addition to labor cost savings, doing more welding and fabrication in a factory environment raises the quality of work, allowing more scheduling flexibility and reducing the amount of specialized tools required onsite. The site layout for the AP1000 plant has been established to support modular construction and efficient operations during construction. The plant layout is compact, using less space than previous conventional plant layouts. This paper provides and overview of the AP1000 plant modules with an emphasis on structural modules. Currently the Westinghouse AP1000 plant has four units under construction in China and four units under construction in the United States. All have shown successful fabrication and installation of various AP1000 plant modules. (Author)

Permafrost distribution map of San Juan Dry Andes (Argentina) based on rock glacier sites

Science.gov (United States)

Esper Angillieri, María Yanina

2017-01-01

Rock glaciers are frozen water reservoirs in mountainous areas. Water resources are important for the local populations and economies. The presence of rock glaciers is commonly used as a direct indicator of mountain permafrost conditions. Over 500 active rock glaciers have been identified, showing that elevations between 3500 and 4500 m asl., a south-facing or east-facing aspect, areas with relatively low solar radiation and low mean annual air temperature (-4 to 0 °C) favour the existence of rock glaciers in this region. The permafrost probability model, for Dry Andes of San Juan Province between latitudes 28º30‧S and 32°30‧S, have been analyzed by logistic regression models based on the active rock glaciers occurrence in relation to some topoclimatic variables such as altitude, aspect, mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation and solar radiation, using optical remote sensing techniques in a GIS environment. The predictive performances of the model have been estimated by known rock glaciers locations and by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). This regional permafrost map can be applied by the Argentinean Government for their recent initiatives which include creating inventories, monitoring and studying ice masses along the Argentinean Andes. Further, this generated map provides valuable input data for permafrost scenarios and contributes to a better understanding of our geosystem.

Sur le discours et l’histoire en foucault. Entretien avec Jacques Guilhaumou

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Welisson Marques

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Dans cet entretien inédit, Jaques Guilhaumou parle sur la question du discours et de l´histoire dans la pensée de Michel Foucault en regardant telles questions à partir du belvédère de l’Analyse du Discours selon la perception française. Il commence en présentant un panorama de ses travaux plus actuels et souligne ensuite le rôle décisif de Foucault dans le établissement de une nouvelle relation entre le discours et l´histoire. Dans cette direction, il donne des détails sur quelques influences épistémologiques de la pensée foucaultienne qui viennent surtout de Nietzsche et Koselleck. Comme un grand étudiant de la pensée marxiste, Guilhaumou parle aussi sur le concept de l´ideologie et ses plusières métamorphoses conceptuelles dans autres champs jusqu´au moment de parler sur la question du pouvoir. Il parle quand même sur la problématique de l´analyse des images dans l´Analyse du Discours, une question favorable pour beaucoup des analystes du discours qui s´occupent avec le syncrétisme sémiotique des ses objets dans l´actualité. Enfin, il indique l´existence de une théorie du discours diluée dans la pensée du philosophe.

Pouvoir et sexualité. Le discours féministe sur la prostitution en France (1968-1986.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Damien Simonin

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Cette recherche porte sur les discours sur la prostitution dans la presse féministe, entre 1968 et 1986 en France. Durant cette période, le mouvement féministe est composé de courants conflictuels (courants réformistes et révolutionnaires, différentialistes et universalistes et il porte des discours hétérogènes (informations sur la prostitution, analyses théoriques et politiques, témoignages de prostituées. Pourtant, ces discours s'accordent sur la revendication d'une libération des rapport...

Importance of water quality on plant abundance and diversity in high-alpine meadows of the Yerba Loca Natural Sanctuary at the Andes of north-central Chile Importancia de la calidad del agua sobre la abundancia y diversidad vegetal en vegas altoandinas del Santuario Natural Yerba Loca en los Andes de Chile centro-norte

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ROSANNA GINOCCHIO

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Porphyry Cu-Mo deposits have influenced surface water quality in high-Andes of north-central Chile since the Miocene. Water anomalies may reduce species abundance and diversity in alpine meadows as acidic and metal-rich waters are highly toxic to plants The study assessed the importance of surface water quality on plant abundance and diversity in high-alpine meadows at the Yerba Loca Natural Santuary (YLNS, central Chile (33°15' S, 70°18' W. Hydrochemical and plant prospecting were carried out on Piedra Carvajal, Chorrillos del Plomo and La Lata meadows the growing seasons of 2006 and 2007. Direct gradient analysis was performed through canonical correspondence analysis (CCA to look for relationships among water chemistry and plant factors. High variability in water chemistry was found inside and among meadows, particularly for pH, sulphate, electric conductivity, hardness, and total dissolved Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Fe. Data on species abundance and water chemical factors suggests that pH and total dissolved Cu are very important factor determining changes in plant abundance and diversity in study meadows. For instance, Festuca purpurascens, Colobanthus quitensis, and Arenaria rivularis are abundant in habitals with Cu-rich waters while Festuca magellanica, Patosia clandestina, Plantago barbata, Werneria pygmea, and Erigeron andícola are abundant in habitals with dilute waters.Los megadepósitos de pórfidos de Cu-Mo han influido sobre la calidad de las aguas superficiales en las zonas altoandinas del centro-norte de Chile desde el Mioceno. Estas alteraciones en la calidad de las aguas podrían afectar negativamente a la vegetación presente en las vegas altoandinas, ya que las aguas acidas y ricas en metales son altamente tóxicas para las plantas. En este estudio se evaluó el efecto de la calidad de las aguas en la abundancia y diversidad florística de las vegas altoandinas del Santuario de la Naturaleza Yerba Loca (SNYL, en Chile central (33

The global network of WHO collaborating centres for nursing and midwifery development: a policy approach to health for all through nursing and midwifery excellence La red global de centros colaboradores de la OMS para el desarrollo de la enfermería y partería: una aproximación política a la salud para todos a través de la excelencia en enfermería y partería A rede global de centros colaboradores da OMS para o desenvolvimento da enfermagem e obstetrícia: uma abordagem política à saúde para todos através da excelência em enfermagem e obstetrícia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rita M. Carty

2005-10-01

Full Text Available In response to the complexities of health services delivery within the context of cultures, world events, medical technologies, and natural and manmade disasters, WHO recognized the need for external resources to assist it to meet its goals. In line with WHO's policy that research in the field of health is best advanced by assisting, coordinating and utilizing the activities of existing institutions, WHO Collaborating Centres were developed to support WHO with external expertise at the local, country and international levels. Of the 1,000 Collaborating Centres worldwide representing all the major health disciplines, 36, in 19 different countries, are dedicated to nursing and midwifery services, education, research and policy. These 36 Centres have joined forces as the Global Network of WHO Collaborating Centres for Nursing and Midwifery Development. Since its inception in 1987, the Global Network has developed into a significant force in international nursing leadership. Its far-reaching sphere of influence, its communications technology and its ability to develop collaborative projects, enable it to have a significant impact on the health of the people of the world.En respuesta a las complejidades de los servicios de salud en un contexto de diferentes culturas, eventos mundiales, avances tecnológicos médicos, desastres naturales y provocados por el hombre, la Organización Mundial de la Salud ha reconocido la necesidad de tener recursos externos para ayudar en la realización de sus metas. En consonancia con las políticas de la OMS que consideran que la investigación en el campo de la salud avanza en la medida que auxilia, coordina y utiliza las actividades de las instituciones ya existentes, los Centros Colaboradores de la OMS fueron creados para apoyar la OMS en sus áreas de especialidad en los niveles local, nacional e internacional. De los 1000 Centros Colaboradores existentes en todo el mundo, representando las diversas áreas de

Generation of live offspring from vitrified embryos with synthetic polymers SuperCool X-1000 and SuperCool Z-1000.

Science.gov (United States)

Marco-Jimenez, F; Jimenez-Trigos, E; Lavara, R; Vicente, J S

2014-01-01

Ice growth and recrystallisation are considered important factors in determining vitrification outcomes. Synthetic polymers inhibit ice formation during cooling or warming of the vitrification process. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of adding commercially available synthetic polymers SuperCool X-1000 and SuperCool Z-1000 to vitrification media on in vivo development competence of rabbit embryos. Four hundred and thirty morphologically normal embryos recovered at 72 h of gestation were used. The vitrification media contained 20% dimethyl sulphoxide and 20% ethylene glycol, either alone or in combination with 1% of SuperCool X-1000 and 1% SuperCool. Our results show that embryos can be successfully vitrified using SuperCool X-1000 and SuperCool Z-1000 and when embryos are transferred, live offspring can be successfully produced. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that we succeeded for the first time in obtaining live offspring after vitrification of embryos using SuperCool X-1000 and SuperCool Z-1000 polymers.

Seasonal and high-resolution variability in hydrochemistry of the Andes-Amazon

Science.gov (United States)

Burt, E.; West, A. J.

2017-12-01

Stream hydrochemistry acts as a record of integrated catchment processes such as the amount of time it takes precipitation to flow through the subsurface and become streamflow (water transit times), water-rock interaction and biogeochemical cycling. Although it is understood that sampling interval affects observed patterns in hydrochemistry, most studies collect samples on a weekly, bi-weekly or monthly schedule due to lack of resources or the difficulty of maintaining automated sampling devices. Here, we attempt to combine information from two sampling time scales, comparing a year-long hydrochemical time series to data from a recent sub-daily sampling campaign. Starting in April 2016, river, soil and rain waters have been collected every two weeks at five small catchments spanning the tropical Andes and Amazon - a natural laboratory for its gradients in topography, erosion rates, precipitation, temperature and flora. Between January and March, 2017, we conducted high frequency sampling for approximately one week at each catchment, sampling at least every four hours including overnight. We will constrain young water fractions (Kirchner, 2016) and storm water fluxes for the experimental catchments using stable isotopes of water as conservative tracers. Major element data will provide the opportunity to make initial constraints on geochemical and hydrologic coupling. Preliminary results suggest that in the Amazon, hydrochemistry patterns are dependent on sampling frequency: the seasonal cycle in stable isotopes of water is highly damped, while the high resolution sampling displays large variability. This suggests that a two-week sampling interval is not frequent enough to capture rapid transport of water, perhaps through preferential flow networks. In the Andes, stable isotopes of water are highly damped in both the seasonal and high resolution cycle, suggesting that the catchment behaves as a "well-mixed" system.

Calidad del servicio en el centro de servicio al contribuyente Nicolás de Piérola Sunat – Lima 2016

OpenAIRE

Vizcardo Fernández, Sara Ana de los Angeles

2017-01-01

La presente tesis titulada “Calidad del servicio en el centro de servicio al contribuyente Nicolás de Piérola - Sunat, Lima 2016” tiene por objetivo determinar la calidad del servicio que brinda el Centro de Servicio al Contribuyente de Nicolás de Piérola, centro perteneciente a la entidad pública Superintendencia Nacional de Aduanas y Administración Tributaria – SUNAT. El presente trabajo es de investigación descriptiva, corte transversal, no experimental y enfoque cuantita...

Determinan Kepuasan Pelanggan Pada Penyewaan Lapangan Centro Futsal Cabang Daan Mogot

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Dwi Susanto

2016-09-01

Full Text Available The Determinant of Customer's Satisfaction to Centro Futsal Branch of Daan MogotThe aim of this research is to analyze the determinat of consumer satisfaction at Futsal Centro. This research is using multiple regression as tools of analysis. The independent variables of this research are service quality, promotion, and location. The result shows that the most influence in providing customer satisfaction is the location amounted to 0.364 and then followed by the variable of service quality amounted to 0.349 and followed by the promotion variable equal to 0.229. Then through the F test showed that the variables of service quality, well-deserved promotions and locations to test the dependent variable customer satisfaction on leasing futsal field. Through correlation R value is 0.811 or 81.1% and the determination coefficient value (R2 is 0.657, or 65.7.DOI: 10.15408/ess.v6i2.3574

Preliminary Results From the CAUGHT Experiment: Investigation of the North Central Andes Subsurface Using Receiver Functions and Ambient Noise Tomography

Science.gov (United States)

Ryan, J. C.; Ward, K. M.; Porter, R. C.; Beck, S. L.; Zandt, G.; Wagner, L. S.; Minaya, E.; Tavera, H.

2011-12-01

Jamie Ryan, Kevin M. Ward, Ryan Porter, Susan Beck, George Zandt, Lara Wagner, Estela Minaya, and Hernando Tavera The University of Arizona The University of North Carolina San Calixto Observatorio, La Paz, Bolivia IGP, Lima, Peru In order to investigate the interplay between crustal shortening, lithospheric removal, and surface uplift we have deployed 50 broadband seismometers in northwestern Bolivia and southern Peru as part of the interdisciplinary Central Andean Uplift and Geodynamics of High Topography (CAUGHT) project. The morphotectonic units of the central Andes from west to east, consist of the Western Cordillera, the active volcanic arc, the Altiplano, an internally drained basin (~4 km elevation), the Eastern Cordillera, the high peaks (~6 km elevation) of an older fold and thrust belt, the Subandean zone, the lower elevation active fold and thrust belt, and the foreland Beni basin. Between northwestern Bolivia and southern Peru, the Altiplano pinches out north of Lake Titicaca as the Andes narrow northward. The CAUGHT seismic instruments were deployed between 13° to 18° S latitudes to investigate the crust and mantle lithosphere of the central Andes in this transitional zone. In northwest Bolivia, perpendicular to the strike of the Andes, there is a total of 275 km of documented upper crustal shortening (15° to 17°S) (McQuarrie et al, 2008). Associated with the shortening is crustal thickening and possibly lithospheric removal as the thickening lithospheric root becomes unstable. An important first order study is to compare upper crustal shortening estimates with present day crustal thickness. To estimate crustal thickness, we have calculated receiver functions using an iterative deconvolution method and used common conversion point stacking along the same profile as the geologically based shortening estimates. In our preliminary results, we observed a strong P to S conversion corresponding to the Moho at approximately 60-65 km depth underneath the

Altiplano Sur de Bolivia

OpenAIRE

Alvarez-Flores, Ricardo; Bommel, Pierre; Bourliaud, Jean; Chevarria Lazo, Marco; Cortes, Geneviève; Cruz, Pablo; Del Castillo, C.; Gasselin, Pierre; Joffre, Richard; Leger, Francois; Nina Laura, Juan Peter; Rambal, Serge; Rivière, Gilles; Tichit, Muriel; Tourrand, Jean-François

2014-01-01

Alimento de base de las poblaciones andinas desde hace milenios, la quinua se ha convertido hoy en un producto apreciado en el mercado internacional de alimentos dietéticos, orgánicos y equitativos. Este cambio lo iniciaron los mismos productores del Altiplano Sur de Bolivia hace aproximadamente unos 40 años. En medio de un desierto de altura, ellos lograron desarrollar una floreciente producción agrícola de exportación. Aunque cuentan con lucrativos nichos de mercado, los productores de quin...

Marín E. y Romero M. (Eds., Cuando el Sur piensa el Sur. Los giros de la cooperación al desarrollo, Bogotá: Universidad Externado de Colombia, 364 pp.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Vargas

2016-07-01

Full Text Available El marco introductorio del libro indica que los Estados ubicados en África, Asia y América del Sur, comparten algunas características climáticas, geológicas, biotípicas, económicas e históricas como fuentes inagotables de diversidades identitarias. Es por esto que cobran sentido y adquieren eco las palabras de la líder Leonor Zalabata de la etnia Arhuaca de Colombia transcritas en el epígrafe de la presente reseña, quien al preguntársele por el futuro de los pueblos originarios respondió: “somos y seguiremos siendo”. Lo que significa que, al considerar que los pueblos indígenas y autóctonos son un actor común en los continentes del Sur, y afianzados en la defensa de su identidad, promueven el autodesarrollo, convirtiéndose así en un actor político relevante en los procesos de cooperación Sur-Sur.

Effets du stress salin sur la germination des graines de Gossypium ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SARAH

31 août 2014 ... herbeuses et vives tandis que 40 % des graines ont germé sur tanne arbustive en milieu réel. Conclusion et application: l'objectif général de cette étude menée en milieu contrôlé (application des doses de sel) et en milieu réel (tannes) était de montrer les effets du stress salin sur la germination des graines.

Los usuarios de los centros deportivos públicos: una aproximación de segmentación sobre hábitos deportivos y satisfacción

OpenAIRE

Elasri Ejjaberi, Amal; Triadó i Ivern, Xavier Ma.; Aparicio Chueca, Ma. del Pilar (María del Pilar)

2016-01-01

La heterogeneidad de los usuarios de centros deportivos ha incrementado en los últimos años. Como consecuencia, estos clientes demandan servicios y un trato por parte del centro muy personalizados. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los diferentes perfiles de usuarios de los centros deportivos públicos de la ciudad de Barcelona. Los datos se recogieron en una encuesta a 791 clientes de centros deportivos públicos. Mediante un análisis clúster y un análisis discriminante se han obtenido c...

Los usuarios de los centros deportivos públicos : una aproximación de segmentación sobre hábitos deportivos y satisfacción

OpenAIRE

Elasri Ejjaberi, Amal

2016-01-01

La heterogeneidad de los usuarios de centros deportivos ha incrementado en los últimos años. Como consecuencia, estos clientes demandan servicios y un trato por parte del centro muy personalizados. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los diferentes perfiles de usuarios de los centros deportivos públicos de la ciudad de Barcelona. Los datos se recogieron en una encuesta a 791 clientes de centros deportivos públicos. Mediante un análisis clúster y un análisis discriminante se han obtenido c...

La implantación de la viruela en los Andes, la historia de un holocausto

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Uriel García Cáceres

2003-03-01

Full Text Available La historia de las epidemias de viruela en los Andes tiene el carácter tétrico del relato de un holocausto. Esta presentación está destinada a resaltar las etapas más importantes del proceso de la implantación de la viruela en las poblaciones andinas en general y, en particular, en el Perú, desde principio del siglo XVI hasta nuestros días.

Las especies nativas y la deforestación en los Andes. Una visión histórica, social y cultural en Cochabamba, Bolivia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

1993-01-01

Full Text Available LES ESPECES NATIVES ET LA DÉFORESTATION DANS LES ANDES - UNE VISION HISTORIQUE, SOCIALE ET CULTURELLE A COCHABAMBA, BOLIVIE. Ce travail présente les résultats de 3 ans d’observations de terrain, de conversations avec les paysans, complétées par une large révision bibliographique. à travers une reconstitution historique, sociale et culturelle, il essaie de montrer la dynamique régressive de la végétation andine, en particulier à Cochabamba. Les forêts résiduelles, les documents des chroniqueurs des XVIè et XVIIè siècles, des explorateurs et les travaux actuels des chercheurs sont les éléments qui permettent d’imaginer les associations végétales et les types de boisements qui existaient dans le passé. En partant d’une analyse des modes d’utilisation de l’espace par les différentes sociétés qui ont peuplé les Andes, ses vallées et ses zones hautes, depuis la préhistoire jusqu’à notre époque, cette étude procède à une interprétation des causes de la déforestation, si alarmante aujourd’hui. Ainsi, les effets de l’augmentation de la population, la pression du bétail, le rôle des mines, la construction des chemins de fer sont analysés sous l’éclairage de leur influence sur la végétation native. Les implications de la fabrication de la chicha, du foncier et des nombreuses guerres ou batailles militaires sur la dégradation de l’environnement sont aussi prises en compte. La connaissance des éléments du passé amène, en conclusion, à présenter de futures pistes de travail, techniques et sociales, pour réduire ou contrecarrer la déforestation. El presente estudio suma los frutos de 3 años de observaciones de campo y de intercambios con los campesinos a una revisión bibliográfica amplia. Intenta presentar, mediante una reconstitución histórica, social y cultural, la dinámica regresiva de la vegetación andina, en particular en Cochabamba. Las huellas de los bosques relictos, los documentos de

El proteccionismo en retirada. Las dificultades del Centro Azucarero Argentino (1912-1923

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Lenis, María

2007-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this article is to analyze the impact that had the sanction of the so-called law Saavedra Lamas in the Centro Azucarero Argentino. Likewise it will try to explain of what way the arrival of the radicalism to the power, obliged the sugar trade union to change its strategies and practices of lobby. In this sense there will be contemplated the roll fulfilled by the Revista Azucarera, monthly publication of the Centro Azucarero, and for the representatives tucumanos in the Congress of the Nation. Finally, there will be examined the changes introduced by the statutory reform of 1923, especially there to will be attended the creation of the socalled regional commissions, especially that of Tucumán, and in that what measurement this process of decentralization was expressing the existing tensions among the sugar industrialists.

Plus de nouriture et des revenus accrus dans les Andes | CRDI ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

17 nov. 2010 ... Ce ne sont-là que quelques-unes des retombées attribuables à des travaux de recherche menés depuis des décennies par de nombreux établissements de recherche, dont des universités locales, le Centro de Investigación de Recursos Naturales y Medio Ambiente, l'Instituto Nacional de Innovación ...

Apprentissage en ligne et sur le tas au Mexique | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Laura Dávila est de retour sur les bancs de l'école. Installée à son bureau dans la classe virtuelle @Campus Mexico, cette fonctionnaire mexicaine se renseigne sur son propre gouvernement — ses ministères et son cadre juridique, les lois qui encadrent l'accès à l'information et la responsabilité de la fonction publique, ...

Synthèse de la recherche sur les moyens de subsistance pouvant ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Synthèse de la recherche sur les moyens de subsistance pouvant remplacer la culture du tabac. Dans l'espoir de faire obstacle aux politiques visant à réduire la demande de produits du tabac, les compagnies de tabac font valoir que ces politiques auront des répercussions négatives sur l'emploi et l'économie des pays ...

Incidence des prix et des taxes sur la consommation de produits du ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Incidence des prix et des taxes sur la consommation de produits du tabac en Argentine, en Bolivie et au Chili. Partout en Amérique du Sud, les adultes et les enfants font une grande consommation de tabac. Un nouveau projet de recherche se penchera sur les avantages et les limites des stratégies de fixation des prix et de ...

La vérite sur ce qui nous motive

CERN Document Server

Pink, Daniel H

2011-01-01

Voici enfin la traduction française du best-seller international DRIVE ! Qu'est-ce qui nous motive vraiment ? Dans quels cas sommes-nous les plus performants et les plus enthousiastes ? La plupart d'entre nous sommes persuadés que les récompenses (salaire, primes...) sont notre meilleure motivation. La logique de la carotte et du bâton finalement... Et si nous faisions fausse route ? En s'appuyant sur quatre décennies d'études scientifiques et psychologiques sur la motivation humaine, Pink démontre que les entreprises dirigent très mal leurs équipes avec d'énormes conséquences sur notre vie (absence d'ambition, lassitude, morosité). Le secret de la performance (et de la satisfaction) dans les entreprises, l'enseignement ou dans notre vie personnelle , c'est le besoin profondément humain de diriger sa propre vie, d'apprendre, de créer de nouvelles choses et de s'améliorer. Dans ce livre, Pink examine les 3 éléments de la motivation, l'autonomie, la maîtrise et le besoin de donner un sens ...

Gerencia de investigación y desarrollo en centros de investigación de universidades públicas colombianas

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Quintero, Johana María

2010-09-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo planteó analizar las funciones gerenciales de los centros de investigación de dos (2 instituciones públicas colombianas, constituidas por la Universidad de La Guajira y Del Magdalena. Para lo cual, se consultaron los aportes teóricos de: Escorsa y Valls (2005, Bolaño y Abello (2004, Maradiago(2004, Münch y García (2005, entre otros. Bajo una metodología no experimental- descriptiva y contando con una muestra de 32 investigadores, que incluyó a los directores de Centros. A dicha muestra se le aplicó un cuestionario escala tipo Lickert, previamente validado por el juicio de 5 expertos. Entre los resultados más relevantes se destacan: i el reconocimiento de las habilidades y destrezas de los gerentes cuya capacidad le permite liderar procesos; ii alto grado de responsabilidad y mando gerencial para con el grupo de empleados que laboran en los centros de investigación; iii uso de mecanismos de evaluación no adecuados a las necesidades de los centros; iv funciones gerenciales no aplicadas de manera coherente y óptima con respecto al alcance organizacional.

Quelques noddees sur l’ecologie de la vedetation des dunes et sur la fonction de l’enraciment dans l’edification de dunes a la Cote Mediterraneenne de la France. I

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Boterenbrood, A.J.; Donsellaar-Ten Bokkel Huinink, van W.A.E.; Donselaar, van J.

1956-01-01

Dans la végétation des dunes du Languedoc J. BRAUN-BLANQUET (1952) distingue trois associations, à savoir; 1) l’Agropyretum mediterraneum parmi et sur les premières dunes basses; 2) l’Ammophiletum arundinaceae sur les dunes plus hautes; et 3) le Crucianelletum maritimae dans les dépressions et en

La calidad y la fidelidad del cliente: Un análisis de segmentación en centros de fitness low-cost

OpenAIRE

García-Fernández, Jerónimo; Sánchez-Oliver, Antonio Jesús; Grimaldi-Puyana, Moises; Fernández-Gavira, Jesús; Gálvez Ruiz, Pablo (UNIR)

2017-01-01

La calidad y la fidelidad han sido estudiadas en los centros de fitness, mayormente en la relación que tienen entre ambas y con otras variables. En pocos casos se han realizado estudios que analicen los perfiles de clientes que mejor perciben dichas variables. Por esta razón el estudio tenía por objetivo segmentar a los clientes de centros de fitness low-cost según la percepción de calidad y fidelidad. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 8462 clientes (4303 mujeres y 4159 hombres) de centros de f...

La calidad y la fidelidad del cliente : un análisis de segmentación en centros de fitness low-cost

OpenAIRE

García Fernández, Jerónimo

2017-01-01

La calidad y la fidelidad han sido estudiadas en los centros de fitness, mayormente en la relación que tienen entre ambas y con otras variables. En pocos casos se han realizado estudios que analicen los perfiles de clientes que mejor perciben dichas variables. Por esta razón el estudio tenía por objetivo segmentar a los clientes de centros de fitness low-cost según la percepción de calidad y fidelidad. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 8462 clientes (4303 mujeres y 4159 hombres) de centros de f...

Hábitos alimentarios de Dosidicus gigas (D' Orbigny, 1835 (Cephalopoda: Teuthoidea frente a la costa centro-sur de Chile Feeding habits of Dosidicus gigas (D'Orbigny, 1835 (Cephalopoda: Teuthoidea in the central-south coast off Chile

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PATRICIO ULLOA

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Se estudiaron los hábitos alimentarios del calamar rojo Dosidicus gigas (D'Orbigny, 1835 frente a la costa de Chile centro-sur, durante el invierno del año 2005. Se examinaron un total de 52 estómagos, en todos los cuales había contenido alimentario. Los ejemplares provenían de pescas efectuadas por la flota arrastrera industrial que opera entre 36°39' S y 38°55'S sobre la merluza común Merluccius gayi (Guichenot 1848 y a una profundidad media de 290 m sobre la plataforma continental. Para la descripción del espectro trófico, alimento principal y el establecimiento de las eventuales diferencias sexuales u ontogenéticas en la frecuencia de aparición de los ítemes presa, se utilizaron los métodos numérico, gravimétrico, de frecuencia de ocurrencia, índice de importancia relativa (IIR e índice de similitud porcentual (ISP. No se observaron diferencias sexuales ni ontogenéticas en la frecuencia de aparición de los ítemes presa. Los resultados muestran que D. gigas es un depredador oportunista, principalmente ictiófago, y secundariamente malacófago (incluye el canibalismo y carcinófago. Se discuten los eventuales motivos e implicancias de tal conductaA study on the feeding habits of the jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas (D'Orbigny, 1835 was carried out during the winter season 2005, in waters of the Chilean central and southern Pacific. A total of 52 jumbo squid stomachs from the fishing of the continental slope were collected and examined, in the Eighth and Ninth regions, between 36°40' S and 38°55'S, at an average depth of 290 m. To determine the trophic spectrum, the feeding preferences and the importance of the sex and ontogenetic condition in the diet, the numeric, gravimetric, frequency of occurrence methods, and the index of relative importance and dietary similarity were utilized. The frequency of the prey did not vary with relation to the sex and ontogenetic conditions, and was besides a hight trophic similarity in such

REQUALIFICAÇÃO URBANA NO CENTRO DE FORTALEZA (CE

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Francisco Clébio Rodrigues Lopes

2015-08-01

Full Text Available A descentralização em Fortaleza gerou perda de população residente,desinvestimentos e expansão do comércio ambulante na Área Central nas últimastrês décadas. Face à problemática, um grupo formado por governo, empresários esociedade civil tem se reunido desde o início da década de 1990 para proporpolíticas de recuperação do Centro e, dessa forma, atrair investidores. Os projetosse interessam pela melhoria do espaço público e refletem tendências globais, porisso se baseiam numa aproximação entre o setor público e o privado mediante oestabelecimento de parcerias, asseguradas por mecanismos jurídicos. O objetivodeste artigo é analisar propostas de requalificação do bairro central. Assim,investigações em jornais, revisão bibliográfica e análise dos discursos proferidosno Fórum Viva Centro foram utilizados como instrumentos de pesquisa. Aconclusão foi que os planos de renovação combinam estratégias imobiliárias comcircuitos de valorização nas suas novas frentes de expansão.

Entre la teoría y la técnica: los inicios de la fisiología de altura en el Perú

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1990-01-01

Full Text Available ENTRE LA THEORIE ET LA TECHNIQUE : LES DEBUTS DE LA PHYSIOLOGIE D’ALTITUDE AU PEROU. Dans cet article, l’auteur analyse l’histoire de la physiologie péruvienne en mettant l’accent sur l’émergence de deux processus distincts, et parfois opposés, qui caractérisent les premières années des études sur l’altitude au Pérou : d’un côté, la proposition d’affirmations théoriques ambitieuses sur la particularité biologique de la vie dans les Andes, et de l’autre, l’accent mis sur l’aspect technologique, les instruments et l’équipement sophistiqué pour réaliser des expériences trés spécialisées. L’auteur conclut en affirmant que paradoxalement, le caractère routinier et répétitif des deux processus finit par provoquer une certaine perte de l’originalité du travail de terrain. En este ensayo el autor analiza la historia de la fisiología peruana concentrándose en la emergencia de dos procesos distintos, y a veces enfrentados, que caracterizaron los primeros años de estudios sobre la altura en el Perú. Tenemos por un lado, la propuesta de ambiciosas afirmaciones teóricas sobre la particularidad biológica de la vida en los Andes, y por otro lado, el énfasis en el dominio tecnológico de instrumentos y equipo sofisticado, para realizar experimentos muy particulares. El ensayo concluye afirmando que paradójicamente ambos procesos, al volverse rutinarios y repetitivos, terminaron produciendo cierta perdida de la originalidad en el campo. BETWEEN THEORY AND TECHNOLOGY: THE FIRST STEP IN THE PHYSIOLOGY OF ALTITUDE IN PERU. In this essay the author revises the history of peruvian physiology focusing in the emergence of two different and somewhat confronted developments which characterized the first years of high altitude studies in Peru. In the one had the proposal of ambitious theoretical assertions of the biological peculiarity of human life in the Andes. On the other hand, the emphasis in technological expertise of

Recursos hídricos en los Andes: Lago Titicaca

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

1995-01-01

Full Text Available RESSOURCES EN EAUX DANS LES ANDES : LAC TITICACA. Une analyse par régression a été menée entre les variations de niveau du Lac Titicaca et les entrées du système (apports des affluents et précipitations. Les coefficients de corrélation, quoique relativement faibles, montrent aux abords du lac un effet de persistance qui diminue lorsque les stations sont éloignées du plan d’eau. L’inertie du lac se manifeste l’année suivante pour les affluents du lac et évidemment pour le lac lui-même. Ces résultats confirment la présence d’un mécanisme de rétro alimentation (effet boomerang. Cela montre que le système du Lac Titicaca est fragile, face à une utilisation excessive de ses eaux. Las regresiones estudiadas de cambios de nivel en el lago Titicaca contra precipitaciones y aportes en su cuenca, aunque relativamente bajas, muestran un efecto de persistencia en las proximidades del lago que decrece conforme las estaciones se alejan de éste. Lo que evidencia que la inercia del lago se manifiesta en el período siguiente (lag uno en los afluentes del lago y obviamente en el propio lago, fenómeno que parece confirmar la presencia de un mecanismo de retroalimentación (efecto boomerang. Este comportamiento muestra la fragilidad del lago frente a un aprovechamiento consuntivo excesivo. WATER RESOURCES IN THE ANDES: LAKE TITICACA. The studied regressions of the level changes in the Lake Titicaca versus the rainfall and the runoff in the basin, even being relatively low, show an effect of persistence in the proximity of the lake which decreases as we go away from it. This makes evident that the lake inertia manifests itself the following period (lag one in the lake tributaries and obviously in the lake itself, phenomenon which seems to confirm the presence of a feedback mechanism (boomerang effect. This behaviour shows the fragility of the lake against the excessive consumptive uses of the waters in its basin.

VVER-1000 backfitting programs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zabka, H.; Milhem, J.L.

1998-01-01

Russia, Ukraine, and Bulgaria have nineteen nuclear generating units of the VVER-1000/V-320 (1000 MWe PWR) type in operation. Most of these plants were built in the eighties. Their design is based on Soviet standards of the seventies. In the early eighties and, in particular, after the Chernobyl accident, new safety principles and supplementary specific standards were introduced. However, they were taken into account only to a limited extent in the design and construction of the VVER-1000/V-320 plants. A number of nuclear power plants, whose construction was stopped after the political changes in the countries of the former USSR, now are to be completed with the financial assistance of the Commission of the European Union and other Western organizations, respectively. This Western support is dependent on the condition that these plants attain a level of engineered safeguards comparable to that of PWR plants currently in operation in Western Europe. (orig.) [de

Centro de clasificación postal en la estación de Chamartin Madrid - España

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González Cruz, Luis

1980-10-01

Full Text Available This mail sorting center in the Chamartin Railroad Station is made up by three clearly differentiated buildings: — Mail station, located between the railroad tracks in order to facilitate the loading and unloading of mail trains. — Mail sorting building located between the railroad tracks and the parking area for vehicles. — Administrative offices and social services, to the South-East of the complex. The structure consists of: main portals in reinforced concrete for large spans; floor structures capable of supporting loads of 1,000 kg/m², and rolled steel shapes supported on the portal frames. Throughout the construction an effort has been made to achieve maximum use of gravity for the functions of moving the objects to be sorted.

Este centro de clasificación postal, realizado en la Estación de Chamartin, está formado por tres edificios claramente diferenciados: — Estación postal, situada sobre las vías de ferrocarril, para facilitar la carga y descarga de trenes postales. — Edificio de clasificación de correspondencia con un emplazamiento entre las vías de ferrocarril y la explanada para vehículos automóviles. — Oficinas administrativas y servicios sociales, situados al S.E. del conjunto. La estructura de la obra se compone de: pórticos principales de hormigón armado para grandes luces; forjados aptos para cargas de 1.000 kg/m² y perfiles laminados de acero apoyados en los pórticos. En todo el conjunto se ha procurado, lo más posible, la utilización de la gravedad para las funciones de movimiento de los objetos a clasificar.

Plateforme régionale sur les ordinateurs personnels, déchets ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Institution. SUR Corporación de Estudios Sociales y Educación. Pays d' institution. Chili. Contenus connexes. Un numéro spécial de la revue met en lumière les conclusions d'une étude financée par le CRDI sur le travail rémunéré des femmes. Policy in Focus publie un numéro spécial présentant des données probantes ...

Impacts de l'exploitation artisanale de l'or sur les ressources ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

L'exploitation de l'or est devenue ces deux dernières années l'activité principale de la population de Kéméni, une localité située dans la Préfecture de Tchaoudjo (Région Centrale du Togo). La présente étude a identifié l'impact de cette activité sur les ressources naturelles. L'approche méthodologique s'est basée sur des ...

El Sudeste de Asia en las vinculaciones Sur-Sur de la Argentina: ¿es la diversificación de socios suficiente?

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María Florencia Rubiolo

2014-12-01

, mientras que en la económico comercial distinguimos un incremento sustantivo en los flujos, particularmente de las exportaciones argentinas. Sin embargo, desde 2010 comenzaron multiplicarse las iniciativas argentinas hacia esta región, desde diferentes esferas gubernamentales – legislativo, Cancillería y, recientemente, de la cúpula del ejecutivo-. La mayor participación relativa de los países del SEA en la estructura exportadora argentina se ha producido en paralelo a una mayor concentración de la oferta exportable. Esta observación nos lleva al supuesto central de nuestro trabajo: a pesar del discurso político que subraya la intención argentina de fortalecer los vínculos Sur-Sur a través de la diversificación, la concentración de la canasta exportadora en productos con escaso valor agregado reproduce un patrón de intercambio inter-industrial propio de relaciones centro-periferia. Palabras Clave: Sudeste de Asia – Diversificación – Argentina – Política exterior --- Abstract: Non traditional markets destinations have gained increasing importance within Argentina’s foreign trade agenda. This phenomenon was evidenced in the trade missions to Northern Africa, Angola, Middle East and Southeast Asia. In previous researches we have noticed that Argentina’s links with Southeast Asian countries showed two different tendencies: after the nineties there was a decrease in initiatives from the political-diplomatic dimension, while there was an increase in trade flows, especially in Argentinian exports. Nevertheless, since 2010 political initiatives from Argentina to this region started to flourish, from diverse public bodies – Congress, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and recently, the head of the executive-. The increasing relative participation of SEA countries in Argentina’s export structure has occurred simultaneously to a greater concentration of the export offer. This observation leads to our central argument in this paper: despite the political

7 CFR 1940.1000 - OMB control number.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 13 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true OMB control number. 1940.1000 Section 1940.1000 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, RURAL BUSINESS....1000 OMB control number. The collection of information requirements contained in this regulation has...

Centro TORTUGA's Integrated Research and Professional Development Training for Early Stage Hispanic Students in Puerto Rico

Science.gov (United States)

Moser, F. C.; Allen, M. R.; Barberena-Arias, M.; Clark, J.; Harris, L.; Maldonado, P. M.; Olivo-Delgado, C.; Pierson, J. J.

2017-12-01

Over the last five years our multidisciplinary team explored different undergraduate research and professional development (PD) strategies to improve early stage Hispanic student retention in marine science with the objective of interesting them in pursuing degrees that may ultimately lead to geoscience careers. This research led to the 2016 launch of our current project, Centro TORTUGA (Tropical Oceanography Research Training for Undergraduate Academics). Our overarching goal is to increase the number of underrepresented students from minority serving institutions in geoscience-relevant disciplines and careers. Critical to success is building a program rich in both research and PD. Based on qualitative and quantitative evaluations we found students benefited from PD efforts to increase skills in areas such as: 1) speaking and writing English; 2) science communication; 3) teamwork; 4) project management; and 5) completing internship/graduate school applications. To build student self-confidence, networking, and science skills Centro Tortuga involves students' families, bridges cultural gaps across research and non-research institutions inside and outside of Puerto Rico, and provides a gathering place (Centro TORTUGA) for students. With our partners, Universidad del Turabo (UT), Universidad Metropolitana (UMET), and University of Maryland Center for Environmental Sciences, we are now testing a 12-month integrated research and PD curriculum. Initial results suggest areas for improved student training include: 1) science communication (reports and graphs); 2) science ethics; and 3) poster and oral presentations. Students also identified specific preparation they would like included in the Centro TORTUGA curriculum.

Ordenar para controlar. Ordenamiento espacial y control político en las Llanuras del Caribe y en los Andes Centrales Neogranadinos. siglo XVIII

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Beatriz Patiño Millán

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Marta Herrera Ángel. Ordenar para Controlar. Ordenamiento espacial y control político en las Llanuras del Caribe y en los Andes Centrales Neogranadinos. Siglo XVIII. Bogotá: Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia - Academia Colombiana de Historia, 2002, pp. 343. En este libro Marta Herrera estudia la estructuración del ordenamiento espacial y político durante el siglo XVIII de las llanuras del Caribe, nombre con el cual denomina el ámbito espacial correspondiente a las gobernaciones de Cartagena y Santa Marta,  y los Andes Centrales, apelativo que utiliza para referirse a los territorios de la provincia de Santafé y la jurisdicción de la ciudad de Tunja.

Centros educativos que dan respuesta a los retos educativos actuales implicando a la comunidad escolar: Dos estudios de casos

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Carmen Álvarez

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Objeto: Explorar formas actuales de participación entre los centros educativos y sus comunidades escolares que demuestran ser satisfactorias.Diseño/metodología: Se realizan dos estudios de caso en dos escuelas innovadoras siguiendo un modelo de investigación cualitativa, realizando observación participante, entrevistas y foros de debate con las personas implicadas.Aportaciones y resultados: Se analizan cuatro prácticas para aproximar escuela y comunidad: la Acción Tutorial, la Apertura del Centro a la Comunidad, la implementación de Grupos Interactivos y la creación de una Comisión de Familias.Limitaciones: Los resultados no son representativos de lo que sucede en el común de las escuelas.Implicaciones prácticas: Cada centro debe explorar sus propias posibilidades y límites para favorecer la relación centro-comunidad apostando por el máximo de formas organizativas colaborativas entre los diferentes agentes para dar respuestas conjuntas a los retos educativos actuales.Implicaciones sociales: Toda la comunidad educativa debe ser bien recibida en los centros escolares para contribuir a la mejora escolar del alumnado y que haya una verdadera implicación comunitaria.Valor añadido: cuando se genera una fuerte sinergia entre el conjunto de los componentes de la comunidad educativa todos sus miembros pueden aportar respuestas a los retos actuales del ámbito escolar en un plano horizontal.