Principais políticas de fomento do turismo na Amazônia: análise dos primeiros planos de turismo da Amazônia (PTA I e II e do PROECOTUR

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kassia Suelen da Silva Farias

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Verifica-se que o turismo tem passado por inúmeras transformações no que concerne ao planejamento e gestão da atividade. Observa-se que desde a década de 1970 tem-se pensado em diferentes modelos de desenvolvimento de turismo para a Amazônia, almejando o progresso econômico e social. Neste processo, na década de 1970, a Superintendência de Desenvolvimento da Amazônia (SUDAM, deu inicio a discursão de criação do primeiro Plano de Turismo da Amazônia (PTA que deu inicio na década de 1980 até 1985. A partir da década de 1990 as estratégias de turismo para a região foram desenvolvidas em conformidade com a preocupação mundial em torno da natureza e do homem. Produto deste contexto, o II PTA foi lançado com o objetivo principal de desenvolver medidas que conciliassem o desenvolvimento econômico às questões ambientais e sociais. Outra ação também importante para esse período foi a promoção do desenvolvimento regional por meio de polos de turismo integrados, conforme determinava o PROECOTUR. O objetivo deste artigo, portanto, consiste em destacar as primeiras políticas públicas de turismo para o desenvolvimento dos estados e municípios da Amazônia que deram inicio a partir de 1970. Para isso, a estruturação conceitual do trabalho fundamentou-se em políticas públicas e planejamento de turismo na Amazônia. Utiliza-se como metodologia a pesquisa documental, por meio de diagnóstico que enfatiza os principais resultados obtidos pelos I e II Planos de Turismo da Amazônia, a partir da interpretação e análise documental; O artigo também adota a pesquisa bibliográfica, pois analisa as principais estratégias de desenvolvimento do turismo na Amazônia. A partir de tal análise, conclui-se que as mudanças políticas de turismo ocorridas na Amazônia entre a década de 1970 e 1990 - apesar de estarem acompanhadas por ações de planejamento do governo nacional e até mesmo pelas tendências mundiais - n

YALSA 2011 Fabulous Films & Amazing Audiobooks

Science.gov (United States)

School Library Journal, 2011

2011-01-01

The Young Adult Library Services Association (YALSA), a division of the American Library Association (ALA), announced its 2011 annual lists of Fabulous Films for Young Adults and Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults ages 12 to 18. This article presents the titles which were released in January 2011 during the ALA Midwinter meeting in San Diego,…

Amazônia: uma fronteira volátil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antônio Cláudio Rabello

2013-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo procura construir uma abordagem teórica para se pensar a fronteira amazônica e suas atuais perspectivas, quando a discussão sobre desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade ambiental a colocam na ordem do dia. Partindo da análise de outras formulações acerca da fronteira amazônica e do processo de expansão sobre a mesma no final dos anos 1960, procuramos identificar as contribuições e os limites do conceito de fronteira adotado pelos autores. Mais do que identificar as ações sobre uma região de fronteira, buscamos teorizar sobre a construção do conceito, demonstrando que o mecanismo que constrói a fronteira e denomina uma região enquanto tal é um mecanismo de poder.

Versatile Desktop Experiment Module (DEMo) on Heat Transfer

Science.gov (United States)

Minerick, Adrienne R.

2010-01-01

This paper outlines a new Desktop Experiment Module (DEMo) engineered for a chemical engineering junior-level Heat Transfer course. This new DEMo learning tool is versatile, fairly inexpensive, and portable such that it can be positioned on student desks throughout a classroom. The DEMo system can illustrate conduction of various materials,…

SeGRAm - A practical and versatile tool for spacecraft trajectory optimization

Science.gov (United States)

Rishikof, Brian H.; Mccormick, Bernell R.; Pritchard, Robert E.; Sponaugle, Steven J.

1991-01-01

An implementation of the Sequential Gradient/Restoration Algorithm, SeGRAm, is presented along with selected examples. This spacecraft trajectory optimization and simulation program uses variational calculus to solve problems of spacecraft flying under the influence of one or more gravitational bodies. It produces a series of feasible solutions to problems involving a wide range of vehicles, environments and optimization functions, until an optimal solution is found. The examples included highlight the various capabilities of the program and emphasize in particular its versatility over a wide spectrum of applications from ascent to interplanetary trajectories.

Caulins amazônicos: possíveis materiais de referência

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S. C. A. dos Santos

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Caulim é um produto originado pela ação do intemperismo de silicatos de alumínio como os feldspatos, que na região amazônica é favorecida pelo clima quente e úmido. Usado na fabricação de materiais refratários, cimentos, fármacos, catalisadores, cobertura e enchimentos de papel e outras diversas finalidades. Este trabalho tem como objetivo a caracterização e a comparação de caulins de coberturas e in natura de diferentes regiões do Pará (Rio Capim, Jarí e Vila do Conde de origens sedimentares com caulins utilizados como materiais de referência (IPT-28, IPT-32, IPT-42, KGa-1b e KGa-2. Nas caracterizações foram utilizados métodos de análise química, física e mineralógica como: Análise de tamanho de partícula, Difração de raios X, Fluorescência de raios X, Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura, Análise Térmica Diferencial. Os resultados mostraram como principal fase mineral em todos os caulins estudados a caulinita, com diferentes graus de "cristalinidade". Os caulins amazônicos apresentaram-se com alto e baixo grau de ordem estrutural, assim como os materiais de referências. No que se referem às propriedades de composição química, ambos os materiais apresentaram teores de SiO2 + Al2O3 acima de 90%, teores de Na2O e TiO2 muito baixos, em média 0,6% e 1,92%, respectivamente para os materiais de referência, e para os amazônicos foram de Na2O 0,3% e 1,62% para TiO2. Quanto à análise de tamanho de partícula, observaram-se variações de D50 = 0,7 a 9 µm para os da Amazônia e D50 = 1,7 a 6 µm para os de referência. Os caulins amazônicos sedimentares por mostrarem baixos teores de impurezas e por serem encontrados em grandes quantidades, sugerem um forte potencial para utilização como caulins de referência.

"Amazing Grace": Literature as a Window on Colonial Slavery.

Science.gov (United States)

Basker, James G.

2003-01-01

Describes the book, "Amazing Grace: An Anthology of Poems about Slavery 1660-1810." Presents poems, written by 250 writers, that focus on slavery during the 150 year period. Provides examples of materials included in this book and how it can enable students to increase their understanding of slavery. (CMK)

AMAZE-08 Aerosol Characterization and Meteorological Data, Central Amazon Basin: 2008

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — This data set provides measurements from the Amazonian Aerosol Characterization Experiment (AMAZE-08) carried out during the wet season from February 4 to March 21,...

Multilayer network decoding versatility and trust

Science.gov (United States)

Sarkar, Camellia; Yadav, Alok; Jalan, Sarika

2016-01-01

In the recent years, the multilayer networks have increasingly been realized as a more realistic framework to understand emergent physical phenomena in complex real-world systems. We analyze massive time-varying social data drawn from the largest film industry of the world under a multilayer network framework. The framework enables us to evaluate the versatility of actors, which turns out to be an intrinsic property of lead actors. Versatility in dimers suggests that working with different types of nodes are more beneficial than with similar ones. However, the triangles yield a different relation between type of co-actor and the success of lead nodes indicating the importance of higher-order motifs in understanding the properties of the underlying system. Furthermore, despite the degree-degree correlations of entire networks being neutral, multilayering picks up different values of correlation indicating positive connotations like trust, in the recent years. The analysis of weak ties of the industry uncovers nodes from a lower-degree regime being important in linking Bollywood clusters. The framework and the tools used herein may be used for unraveling the complexity of other real-world systems.

O experimento de grande escala da biosfera-atmosfera na Amazônia (LBA); plano experimental conciso

NARCIS (Netherlands)

LBAScience Planning Group (Cachoeira Paulista),

1996-01-01

O experimento de grande escala da biosfera atmosfera na Amazónia (LBA) tem como objectivo aperfeiçoar o conhecimento do funcionamento climatológico, ecológico, biogeoquímico e hidrológico da Amazónia. Isto chamará a atençao para os efeitos das alteraçoes da ocupaçao do solo e clima, nestas funçoes,

EVA: Exome Variation Analyzer, an efficient and versatile tool for filtering strategies in medical genomics

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Coutant Sophie

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Whole exome sequencing (WES has become the strategy of choice to identify a coding allelic variant for a rare human monogenic disorder. This approach is a revolution in medical genetics history, impacting both fundamental research, and diagnostic methods leading to personalized medicine. A plethora of efficient algorithms has been developed to ensure the variant discovery. They generally lead to ~20,000 variations that have to be narrow down to find the potential pathogenic allelic variant(s and the affected gene(s. For this purpose, commonly adopted procedures which implicate various filtering strategies have emerged: exclusion of common variations, type of the allelics variants, pathogenicity effect prediction, modes of inheritance and multiple individuals for exome comparison. To deal with the expansion of WES in medical genomics individual laboratories, new convivial and versatile software tools have to implement these filtering steps. Non-programmer biologists have to be autonomous combining themselves different filtering criteria and conduct a personal strategy depending on their assumptions and study design. Results We describe EVA (Exome Variation Analyzer, a user-friendly web-interfaced software dedicated to the filtering strategies for medical WES. Thanks to different modules, EVA (i integrates and stores annotated exome variation data as strictly confidential to the project owner, (ii allows to combine the main filters dealing with common variations, molecular types, inheritance mode and multiple samples, (iii offers the browsing of annotated data and filtered results in various interactive tables, graphical visualizations and statistical charts, (iv and finally offers export files and cross-links to external useful databases and softwares for further prioritization of the small subset of sorted candidate variations and genes. We report a demonstrative case study that allowed to identify a new candidate gene

2009 YALSA Fabulous Films & Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults

Science.gov (United States)

School Library Journal, 2009

2009-01-01

The Young Adult Library Services Association (YALSA), a division of the American Library Association (ALA), announced its 2009 annual lists of Fabulous Films for Young Adults and Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults ages 12 to 18. This article presents the titles that were released in January 2009 during the ALA Midwinter Meeting in Denver,…

AccuRT: A versatile tool for radiative transfer simulations in the coupled atmosphere-ocean system

Science.gov (United States)

Hamre, Børge; Stamnes, Snorre; Stamnes, Knut; Stamnes, Jakob

2017-02-01

Reliable, accurate, and efficient modeling of the transport of electromagnetic radiation in turbid media has important applications in the study of the Earth's climate by remote sensing. For example, such modeling is needed to develop forward-inverse methods used to quantify types and concentrations of aerosol and cloud particles in the atmosphere, the dissolved organic and particulate biogeochemical matter in lakes, rivers, coastal, and open-ocean waters. It is also needed to simulate the performance of remote sensing detectors deployed on aircraft, balloons, and satellites as well as radiometric detectors deployed on buoys, gliders and other aquatic observing systems. Accurate radiative transfer modeling is also required to compute irradiances and scalar irradiances that are used to compute warming/cooling and photolysis rates in the atmosphere and primary production and warming/cooling rates in the water column. AccuRT is a radiative transfer model for the coupled atmosphere-water system that is designed to be a versatile tool for researchers in the ocean optics and remote sensing communities. It addresses the needs of researchers interested in analyzing irradiance and radiance measurements in the field and laboratory as well as those interested in making simulations of the top-of-the-atmosphere radiance in support of remote sensing algorithm development.

AutoT&T v.2: An Efficient and Versatile Tool for Lead Structure Generation and Optimization.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Yan; Zhao, Zhixiong; Liu, Zhihai; Su, Minyi; Wang, Renxiao

2016-02-22

In structure-based drug design, automated de novo design methods are helpful tools for lead discovery as well as lead optimization. In a previous study ( J. Chem. Inf. 2011 , 51 , 1474 - 1491 ) we reported a new de novo design method, namely, Automatic Tailoring and Transplanting (AutoT&T). It overcomes some intrinsic problems in conventional fragment-based buildup methods. In this study, we describe an upgraded version, namely, AutoT&T2. Structural operations conducted by AutoT&T2 have been largely optimized by introducing several new algorithms. As a result, its overall speed in multiround optimization jobs has been improved by a few thousand fold. With this improvement, it is now practical to conduct structural crossover among multiple lead molecules using AutoT&T2. Three different test cases are described in this study that demonstrate the new features and versatile applications of AutoT&T2. The AutoT&T2 software suite is available to the public. Besides, a Web portal for running AutoT&T2 online is provided at http://www.sioc-ccbg.ac.cn/software/att2 for testing.

Um aspecto da diversidade cultural do caboclo amazônico: a religião

OpenAIRE

Maués, Raymundo Heraldo

2005-01-01

ESTE TRABALHO trata de um aspecto da diversidade cultural do caboclo amazônico, isto é, a religião. Esta se constitui numa espécie de catolicismo popular, que mantém relações com o xamanismo nativo - a pajelança cabocla -, e que se originou de antigas práticas e crenças dos índios Tupinambás, que habitaram parte da região amazônica no período colonial, bem como de influências portuguesas e africanas.HIS PAPER deals with a particular aspect of the Amazon caboclo's cultural diversity, namely, r...

Competitividade da cadeia produtiva do Arapaima gigas, o pirarucu da Amazônia brasileira

OpenAIRE

Gleriani Torres Carbone Ferreira

2016-01-01

Com um quinto da água doce do planeta, o sistema fluvial da Amazônia apresenta um enorme potencial para piscicultura. De acordo com a FAO, em função das suas condições geográficas, o Brasil é um dos poucos países que tem condições de atender à crescente demanda mundial, podendo tornar-se um dos maiores produtores de peixes do mundo. A observação desse potencial amazônico motivou o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa que se debruça sobre a questão da competitividade da cadeia produtiva de Arapaima ...

Sociedade cabocla: participação e diversidade na Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raquel Caribé Grando

2011-07-01

Full Text Available ADAMS, Cristina; MURRIETA, Rui; NEVES, Walter (Eds.. Sociedades caboclas amazônicas: modernidade e invisibilidade. São Paulo: Annablume, 2006. 364 p.; 16 X 23 cm. ISBN 85-7419-644-4.

Amazing Space: Explanations, Investigations, & 3D Visualizations

Science.gov (United States)

Summers, Frank

2011-05-01

The Amazing Space website is STScI's online resource for communicating Hubble discoveries and other astronomical wonders to students and teachers everywhere. Our team has developed a broad suite of materials, readings, activities, and visuals that are not only engaging and exciting, but also standards-based and fully supported so that they can be easily used within state and national curricula. These products include stunning imagery, grade-level readings, trading card games, online interactives, and scientific visualizations. We are currently exploring the potential use of stereo 3D in astronomy education.

Metadata Authoring with Versatility and Extensibility

Science.gov (United States)

Pollack, Janine; Olsen, Lola

2004-01-01

NASA's Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) assists the scientific community in the discovery of and linkage to Earth science data sets and related services. The GCMD holds over 13,800 data set descriptions in Directory Interchange Format (DIF) and 700 data service descriptions in Service Entry Resource Format (SERF), encompassing the disciplines of geology, hydrology, oceanography, meteorology, and ecology. Data descriptions also contain geographic coverage information and direct links to the data, thus allowing researchers to discover data pertaining to a geographic location of interest, then quickly acquire those data. The GCMD strives to be the preferred data locator for world-wide directory-level metadata. In this vein, scientists and data providers must have access to intuitive and efficient metadata authoring tools. Existing GCMD tools are attracting widespread usage; however, a need for tools that are portable, customizable and versatile still exists. With tool usage directly influencing metadata population, it has become apparent that new tools are needed to fill these voids. As a result, the GCMD has released a new authoring tool allowing for both web-based and stand-alone authoring of descriptions. Furthermore, this tool incorporates the ability to plug-and-play the metadata format of choice, offering users options of DIF, SERF, FGDC, ISO or any other defined standard. Allowing data holders to work with their preferred format, as well as an option of a stand-alone application or web-based environment, docBUlLDER will assist the scientific community in efficiently creating quality data and services metadata.

Parallel- and serial-contact electrochemical metallization of monolayer nanopatterns: A versatile synthetic tool en route to bottom-up assembly of electric nanocircuits

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jonathan Berson

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Contact electrochemical transfer of silver from a metal-film stamp (parallel process or a metal-coated scanning probe (serial process is demonstrated to allow site-selective metallization of monolayer template patterns of any desired shape and size created by constructive nanolithography. The precise nanoscale control of metal delivery to predefined surface sites, achieved as a result of the selective affinity of the monolayer template for electrochemically generated metal ions, provides a versatile synthetic tool en route to the bottom-up assembly of electric nanocircuits. These findings offer direct experimental support to the view that, in electrochemical metal deposition, charge is carried across the electrode–solution interface by ion migration to the electrode rather than by electron transfer to hydrated ions in solution.

Origens pluriétnicas no cotidiano da pesca na Amazônia: contribuições para projeto de estudo pluridisciplinar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lourdes Gonçalves Furtado

Full Text Available O presente texto é versão de uma conferência proferida no Departamento de Genética da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA, no marco do tema Populações amazônicas ontem, hoje e perspectivas para o futuro. Essa conferência enfatizava a relevância das contribuições dos primeiros formadores da sociedade amazônica para a sociedade de hoje e vem agora compor o cenário deste volume temático do Boletim do Museu Goeldi. Os dados apresentados são frutos de trabalhos de campo anteriores da autora em diferentes momentos e lugares da região e associados à pesquisa bibliográfica e à experiência pessoal da autora em diversos 'lugares de pescadores' do litoral, médio Amazonas, estuário amazônico e ilha do Marajó. Este conjunto serviu de base e instrumento para estas reflexões propositivas para novas pesquisas mutidisciplinares, tendo em vista preencher lacunas sobre a história da pesca na Amazônia. Assim, propõese a evocar as origens pluriétnicas da sociedade e cultura que se formaram na Amazônia visando à maior clareza sobre as relações entre os primeiros contingentes formadores da sociedade amazônica e os segmentos sociais contemporâneos. Com isso imagina-se trazer à reflexão o valor das contribuições socioculturais e ambientais daqueles diferentes contigentes sociais e chamar atenção para o legado sociocultural deixado pela ancestralidade indígena que permeia a ocupação humana na região.

2010 YALSA Fabulous Films and Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults

Science.gov (United States)

School Library Journal, 2010

2010-01-01

The Young Adult Library Services Association (YALSA), a division of the American Library Association (ALA), announced its 2010 annual lists of Fabulous Films for Young Adults and Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults ages 12 to 18. This article presents the list of titles that were released in January 2010 during the ALA Midwinter Meeting in Boston,…

Geotecnologias aplicadas ao estudo de precipita??o e desmatamento na por??o Sul da Amaz?nia

OpenAIRE

Seixas, Ian Marins

2011-01-01

Na Amaz?nia, os impactos das diversas atividades (extra??o de madeira, minera??o e agropecu?ria) sobre a floresta geram a destrui??o da biodiversidade, a degrada??o dos solos e poss?veis altera??es clim?ticas. A floresta possui uma intensa intera??o com a atmosfera ao fornecer uma grande quantidade de calor e vapor d ?gua contribuindo para a umidade local. Considerando o atual cen?rio de desmatamento no sul da Amaz?nia (Arco do Desmatamento), tem-se como hip?tese que a transforma??o do uso da...

Parceiros no crime: o regatão e a resistência cabocla na Amazônia tradicional

OpenAIRE

MCGRATH, David Gibbs

1999-01-01

O texto resgata a história do "regatão" que é um comerciante ambulante que viaja entre centros regionais e comunidades amazônicas, comercializando mercadorias para pequenos produtores caboclos e comerciantes do interior em troca de "produtos regionais" agrícolas e extrativistas. É examinado neste trabalho o papel do regatão no desenvolvimento da economia regional amazônica, concentrando-se na relação entre o regatão e o caboclo, especialmente na ação do regatão na resistência cabocla. O traba...

Cenários de desmatamento para a Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Britaldo Silveira Soares-Filho

2005-08-01

Full Text Available A AMAZÔNIA está entrando em uma era de rápidas mudanças impulsionadas pela previsão de asfaltamento de rodovias que estimularão a expansão da fronteira agrícola e de exploração madeireira. O declínio do custo de transporte tem importantes implicações para a biodiversidade, emissão de gases que contribuem para o efeito estufa e prosperidade da sociedade da Amazônia a longo prazo. Para analisar esse contexto, foi desenvolvido um modelo de simulação de desmatamento na bacia Amazônica, sensível a diferentes cenários de políticas públicas frente à expansão da infra-estrutura de transporte pela região. Resultados do modelo indicam que, dentro de um cenário pessimista, o desmatamento projetado pode eliminar, até meados deste século, 40% dos atuais 5,4 milhões de km² de florestas da Amazônia, liberando o equivalente a 32 Pg (10(9 toneladas de carbono para atmosfera. A modelagem de cenários alternativos aponta que a expansão de uma rede de áreas protegidas, efetivamente implementadas, poderia reduzir em até 1/3 as perdas florestais projetadas. Contudo, outras medidas de conservação são ainda necessárias para se manter a integridade funcional das paisagens e bacias hidrográficas amazônicas. Atuais experimentos em conservação florestal em propriedades privadas, mercados de serviços ambientais e zoneamento agro-ecológico devem ser refinados e multiplicados a fim de se buscar uma conservação extensiva.THE AMAZON is entering an era of rapid changes as new transportation corridors traverse the region, stimulating the expansion of logging and agricultural frontiers. The declining cost of transportation has important implications for biodiversity, greenhouse gas emissions, and the long-term prosperity of the Amazon society. To analyze this context, we have developed an empirically based, policy-sensitive model of deforestation for the Amazon basin. Model output for the worst-case scenario shows that, by 2050

Bringing Reality T.V. into the Classroom: A Semester-Long Amazing Race

Science.gov (United States)

Weddell, Melissa S.

2011-01-01

In developing a more student centered and engaging approach to teaching an introductory tourism course, the reality television show "The Amazing Race" was incorporated into the curriculum. Students integrate book chapters and class lectures into researching how locations create tourism destinations through a series of ten weekly assignments. The…

Avaliação de cinco métodos de captura de lagartos em diferentes ambientes na Amazônia

OpenAIRE

RIBEIRO JÚNIOR, Marco Antônio

2006-01-01

O presente trabalho compreende dois capítulos. O primeiro capítulo está intitulado “Comparação entre métodos de captura de lagartos em diferentes ambientes na Amazônia” e o segundo capítulo “A influência da localização das armadilhas de cola no sucesso de captura de lagartos na Amazônia”.

A narrativa comunicando espacialidades: mídias sociais e as mudanças no discurso sobre o território amazônico

OpenAIRE

Santos, Renata Nazaré Machado Tárrio dos

2014-01-01

Os discursos midiáticos sobre a Amazônia seguiram, na história brasileira, um mesmo padrão baseado no estereótipo primitivo e bucólico construído desde o descobrimento do país, alicerçado na literatura e mantido pelas mídias tradicionais. No entanto, o espaço amazônico sofreu transformações, recaindo numa Amazônia urbana e desenvolvida, embora ainda não reconhecida como tal. Isso ocorre justamente pela força que a narrativa estereotipada construiu durante a história. Sucede que...

Desmatamento e a contribuição econômica da floresta na Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Terciane Sabadini Carvalho

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Resumo Este artigo analisa, do ponto de vista econômico, a contribuição da floresta desmatada para a economia da Amazônia Legal entre 2006 e 2011, assim como os efeitos de uma política de controle do desmatamento entre 2012 e 2020. Para isso, utilizou-se um modelo de equilíbrio geral computável (EGC inter-regional, construído para capturar as especificidades e heterogeneidade de 103 microrregiões da Amazônia Legal. As simulações da contribuição econômica do desmatamento para essas regiões permitiriam avaliar o custo relativo de políticas de controle, estimando o valor implícito do desmatamento na dinâmica econômica. Os resultados apontam uma contribuição positiva, embora pequena, do desmatamento para o crescimento econômico da Amazônia de 2006 a 2011. Este resultado é reforçado pelos impactos econômicos de uma política hipotética de controle do desmatamento, que sugerem uma perda apenas marginal sobre o crescimento econômico dessas regiões.

A versatile generator of nanoparticle aerosols. A novel tool in environmental and occupational exposure assessment.

Science.gov (United States)

Clemente, Alberto; Lobera, M Pilar; Balas, Francisco; Santamaria, Jesus

2018-06-01

The increasing presence of nanotechnology on the market entails a growing probability of finding ENMs in the environment. Nanoparticles aerosols are a yet unknown risk for human and environmental exposure that may normally occur at any point during the nanomaterial lifecycle. There is a research gap in standardized methods to assess the exposure to airborne nanoparticles in different environments. The controllable generation of nanoparticle aerosols has long been a challenging objective for researchers and industries dealing with airborne nanoparticles. In this work, a versatile system to generate nanoparticulate aerosols has been designed. The system allows the production of both i) instantaneous nanoparticle clouds and ii) continuous nanoparticle streams with quasi-stable values of particle concentration and size distribution. This novel device uses a compressed-air pressure pulse to disperse the target material into either the testing environment (instantaneous cloud formation) or a secondary chamber, from which a continuous aerosol stream can be drawn, with a tunable nanoparticle concentration. The system is robust, highly versatile and easy to operate, enabling reproducible generation of aerosols from a variety of sources. The system has been verified with four dry nanomaterials: TiO 2 , ZnO, CuO and CNT bundles. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

O Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos Na Amazônia Legal Brasileira

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Alessandro Antônio Cavallari

2015-07-01

Full Text Available A presente revisão bibliográfica possibilita uma análise da evolução do Programa Aquisição de Alimentos nos primeiros sete anos de sua instituição na região da Amazônia legal brasileira, a partir da quantidade de municípios atendidos por Unidade Federativa que compõe essa região, através de dados obtidos pela CONAB. No primeiro ano de implantação do programa, apenas os estados do Acre, Rondônia, Amazonas e Maranhão possuíam municípios atendidos por essa política de incentivo a agricultura familiar. Com o decorrer dos anos, algumas mudanças foram constatadas, principalmente com a adesão de novos municípios ao programa, aumentando a abrangência de atendimento do PAA na região. No ano de 2009 foi verificada uma situação atípica, onde foi observada a redução na quantidade de municípios vinculados ao programa, a partir de então houve um crescimento generalizado no atendimento em todos os Estados que compõe a Amazônia legal brasileira.O programa se encontra em fase de consolidação, o que possibilita o crescimento e abrangência no atendimento a agricultura familiar da região Amazônica.

O desflorestamento na amazônia brasileira.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Humberto Ângelo

2010-08-01

Full Text Available O processo de ocupação da Amazônia desencadeou uma série de fatores indutores do desflorestamento, dos quais pode-se citar a expansão da pecuária e fronteira agrícola, a indústria madeireira, os projetos de colonização, a abertura de novas estradas e outras infra-estruturas, o sistema de concessão de direito de posse, o aumento populacional, a especulação por terras, o crescimento econômico regional, entre outros. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diversos fatores socioeconômicos no processo de desflorestamento da floresta amazônica, utilizando-se uma série temporal de 1980 a 1999. As variáveis analisadas foram: o desflorestamento bruto na região Norte, o preço do boi gordo, o efetivo do rebanho bovino, a produção de madeira em tora de floresta nativa, a produção da indústria madeireira, a extensão da malha viária, o Produto Interno Bruto (PIB, o Índice Geral de Preços (IGP, a população da região, o crédito rural, o preço médio da terra, o preço médio da terra para uso agrícola e o preço médio da terra para uso pecuário. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística utilizando-se os métodos de análise de correlação, análise multivariada em componentes principais e análise de regressão simples. Os resultados mostraram que o desflorestamento é influenciado pela produção de madeira em toras, o aumento da população na região Norte, a produção de madeira serrada, a extensão da malha viária e o efetivo do rebanho bovino regional.

Digital Sculpting with Mudbox Essential Tools and Techniques for Artists

CERN Document Server

de la Flor, Mike

2010-01-01

Digital sculpting is the use of tools to push, pull, smooth, grab, pinch or otherwise manipulate a digital object as if it were made of a real-life substance such as clay. Mudbox is the premier sculpting solution for digital artists, allowing them to naturally and easily sculpt detailed, organic characters and models in a way that feels like traditional sculpting.This book guides CG professionals through the process of creating amazing digital sculptures using the Mudbox arsenal of ground-breaking digital sculpting and 3D painting tools, and porting the models into their Maya or Max work.Artis

Varia??es morfol?gicas e geogr?ficas no sincr?nio do peixe-boi da Amaz?nia Trichechus inunguis (Natterer, 1883)

OpenAIRE

Valdevino, Gisele de Castro Maciel

2016-01-01

peixe-boi-da-Amaz?nia (Trichechus inunguis) ? end?mico da bacia Amaz?nica e exclusivo de ?gua doce. Apresenta apomorfias em rela??o aos outros triquequ?deos, derivadas de sua adapta??o ao ambiente dulc?cola e distribui-se desde as cabeceiras de rios no Equador, Peru e Col?mbia at? o estu?rio do Rio Amazonas, no Brasil. Apesar dos estudos sobre a morfologia desta esp?cie, nenhum estudo ontogen?tico sincraniano foi desenvolvido ao longo de sua distribui??o. Estudos morfol?gicos e...

Um aspecto da diversidade cultural do caboclo amazônico: a religião

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raymundo Heraldo Maués

2005-04-01

Full Text Available ESTE TRABALHO trata de um aspecto da diversidade cultural do caboclo amazônico, isto é, a religião. Esta se constitui numa espécie de catolicismo popular, que mantém relações com o xamanismo nativo - a pajelança cabocla -, e que se originou de antigas práticas e crenças dos índios Tupinambás, que habitaram parte da região amazônica no período colonial, bem como de influências portuguesas e africanas.HIS PAPER deals with a particular aspect of the Amazon caboclo's cultural diversity, namely, religion. Caboclo religion represents a form of folk Catholicism, witch is related to native shamanism - pajelança cabocla -, originating from practices and beliefs of the Tupinambá Indians, who inhabited part of the Amazon Region in colonial times, and cultural influences from Portuguese colonialists and African slaves.

A COZINHA DE FUSÃO ENCONTRA O RIO: peixes nativos amazônicos como alternativa para a culinária japonesa

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Hellen Christina de Almeida Kato

2016-09-01

Full Text Available A culinária japonesa, desde a década de 80, se expande no Brasil, conservando técnicas e ingredientes de sua origem combinadas a inovações relacionadas à culinária americana, sendo assim, bastante dependente de ingredientes importados. Através da cozinha de fusão, esse trabalho sugere o uso de espécies de peixes nativos cultivados na Amazônia como alternativa gastronômica para esse mercado. Foi realizado um experimento envolvendo chefs de cozinha amazônica e japonesa desenvolvendo seis preparações a base de pirarucu e tambaqui. Estas foram avaliadas por um painel treinado de 24 profissionais da aqüicultura e gastronomia japonesa. Avaliou-se a aceitação e seus atributos utilizando uma escala hedônica com aplicação de questionário estruturado de intenção de compra. Todos os pratos obtiveram ampla aceitação, tendo destaque o Teppan de pirarucu. Conclui-se que o uso dos peixes nativos de cultivo da Amazônia, tambaqui e pirarucu, é uma alternativa viável para a inovação da gastronomia japonesa no Brasil, através da culinária de fusão. Palavras-chave: Amazônia; Cozinha fusion; Peixes de água doce.

SIMULATION TOOLS FOR ELECTRICAL MACHINES MODELLING ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Dr Obe

ABSTRACT. Simulation tools are used both for research and teaching to allow a good ... The solution provide an easy way of determining the dynamic .... incorporate an in-built numerical algorithm, ... to learn, versatile in application, enhanced.

La importancia de palmas en el oeste de la cuenca Amazónica

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Balslev, Henrik

2011-01-01

Las palmas forman un elemento conspicuo y dominante en muchos bosques tropicales en el oeste de la cuenca Amazónica. Existen alrededor de 100 especies de palmas en la zona, y tienen densidades de hasta 8000 individuos por hectárea. Además de su importancia ecológica, las palmas son de gran...

A SNAP-tagged derivative of HIV-1--a versatile tool to study virus-cell interactions.

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Manon Eckhardt

Full Text Available Fluorescently labeled human immunodeficiency virus (HIV derivatives, combined with the use of advanced fluorescence microscopy techniques, allow the direct visualization of dynamic events and individual steps in the viral life cycle. HIV proteins tagged with fluorescent proteins (FPs have been successfully used for live-cell imaging analyses of HIV-cell interactions. However, FPs display limitations with respect to their physicochemical properties, and their maturation kinetics. Furthermore, several independent FP-tagged constructs have to be cloned and characterized in order to obtain spectral variations suitable for multi-color imaging setups. In contrast, the so-called SNAP-tag represents a genetically encoded non-fluorescent tag which mediates specific covalent coupling to fluorescent substrate molecules in a self-labeling reaction. Fusion of the SNAP-tag to the protein of interest allows specific labeling of the fusion protein with a variety of synthetic dyes, thereby offering enhanced flexibility for fluorescence imaging approaches.Here we describe the construction and characterization of the HIV derivative HIV(SNAP, which carries the SNAP-tag as an additional domain within the viral structural polyprotein Gag. Introduction of the tag close to the C-terminus of the matrix domain of Gag did not interfere with particle assembly, release or proteolytic virus maturation. The modified virions were infectious and could be propagated in tissue culture, albeit with reduced replication capacity. Insertion of the SNAP domain within Gag allowed specific staining of the viral polyprotein in the context of virus producing cells using a SNAP reactive dye as well as the visualization of individual virions and viral budding sites by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy. Thus, HIV(SNAP represents a versatile tool which expands the possibilities for the analysis of HIV-cell interactions using live cell imaging and sub-diffraction fluorescence

Versatile radiation gaging system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Long, P.J.

1978-01-01

The attributes of computerized versatile radiation gaging systems are described. The gages are used to measure plating thicknesses and material characteristics that can be determined from radiation attenuation and/or x-ray fluorescence measurements

Degradação ambiental e Ongs na Amazônia Continental

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Argemiro Procópio Filho

2010-11-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo tem como foco a crescente degradação ambiental a qual sofre a região Amazônica.  Nesse sentido, buscar-se-á expor o papel das ONGs no que se refere à essa preocupante questão, além de expor as posições oficiais dos países que possuem parcelas dessa grande região.

Plasticity of human dental pulp stromal cells with bioengineering platforms: a versatile tool for regenerative medicine.

Science.gov (United States)

Barachini, Serena; Danti, Serena; Pacini, Simone; D'Alessandro, Delfo; Carnicelli, Vittoria; Trombi, Luisa; Moscato, Stefania; Mannari, Claudio; Cei, Silvia; Petrini, Mario

2014-12-01

In recent years, human dental pulp stromal cells (DPSCs) have received growing attention due to their characteristics in common with other mesenchymal stem cells, in addition to the ease with which they can be harvested. In this study, we demonstrated that the isolation of DPSCs from third molar teeth of healthy individuals allowed the recovery of dental mesenchymal stem cells that showed self-renewal and multipotent differentiation capability. DPSCs resulted positive for CD73, CD90, CD105, STRO-1, negative for CD34, CD45, CD14 and were able to differentiate into osteogenic and chondrogenic cells. We also assayed the angiogenic potential of DPSCs, their capillary tube-like formation was assessed using an in vitro angiogenesis assay and the uptake of acetylated low-density lipoprotein was measured as a marker of endothelial function. Based on these results, DPSCs were capable of differentiating into cells with phenotypic and functional features of endothelial cells. Furthermore, this study investigated the growth and differentiation of human DPSCs under a variety of bioengineering platforms, such as low frequency ultrasounds, tissue engineering and nanomaterials. DPSCs showed an enhanced chondrogenic differentiation under ultrasound application. Moreover, DPSCs were tested on different scaffolds, poly(vinyl alcohol)/gelatin (PVA/G) sponges and human plasma clots. We showed that both PVA/G and human plasma clot are suitable scaffolds for adhesion, growth and differentiation of DPSCs toward osteoblastic lineages. Finally, we evaluated the interactions of DPSCs with a novel class of nanomaterials, namely boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs). From our investigation, DPSCs have appeared as a highly versatile cellular tool to be employed in regenerative medicine. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DStat: A Versatile, Open-Source Potentiostat for Electroanalysis and Integration.

Science.gov (United States)

Dryden, Michael D M; Wheeler, Aaron R

2015-01-01

Most electroanalytical techniques require the precise control of the potentials in an electrochemical cell using a potentiostat. Commercial potentiostats function as "black boxes," giving limited information about their circuitry and behaviour which can make development of new measurement techniques and integration with other instruments challenging. Recently, a number of lab-built potentiostats have emerged with various design goals including low manufacturing cost and field-portability, but notably lacking is an accessible potentiostat designed for general lab use, focusing on measurement quality combined with ease of use and versatility. To fill this gap, we introduce DStat (http://microfluidics.utoronto.ca/dstat), an open-source, general-purpose potentiostat for use alone or integrated with other instruments. DStat offers picoampere current measurement capabilities, a compact USB-powered design, and user-friendly cross-platform software. DStat is easy and inexpensive to build, may be modified freely, and achieves good performance at low current levels not accessible to other lab-built instruments. In head-to-head tests, DStat's voltammetric measurements are much more sensitive than those of "CheapStat" (a popular open-source potentiostat described previously), and are comparable to those of a compact commercial "black box" potentiostat. Likewise, in head-to-head tests, DStat's potentiometric precision is similar to that of a commercial pH meter. Most importantly, the versatility of DStat was demonstrated through integration with the open-source DropBot digital microfluidics platform. In sum, we propose that DStat is a valuable contribution to the "open source" movement in analytical science, which is allowing users to adapt their tools to their experiments rather than alter their experiments to be compatible with their tools.

DStat: A Versatile, Open-Source Potentiostat for Electroanalysis and Integration.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Michael D M Dryden

Full Text Available Most electroanalytical techniques require the precise control of the potentials in an electrochemical cell using a potentiostat. Commercial potentiostats function as "black boxes," giving limited information about their circuitry and behaviour which can make development of new measurement techniques and integration with other instruments challenging. Recently, a number of lab-built potentiostats have emerged with various design goals including low manufacturing cost and field-portability, but notably lacking is an accessible potentiostat designed for general lab use, focusing on measurement quality combined with ease of use and versatility. To fill this gap, we introduce DStat (http://microfluidics.utoronto.ca/dstat, an open-source, general-purpose potentiostat for use alone or integrated with other instruments. DStat offers picoampere current measurement capabilities, a compact USB-powered design, and user-friendly cross-platform software. DStat is easy and inexpensive to build, may be modified freely, and achieves good performance at low current levels not accessible to other lab-built instruments. In head-to-head tests, DStat's voltammetric measurements are much more sensitive than those of "CheapStat" (a popular open-source potentiostat described previously, and are comparable to those of a compact commercial "black box" potentiostat. Likewise, in head-to-head tests, DStat's potentiometric precision is similar to that of a commercial pH meter. Most importantly, the versatility of DStat was demonstrated through integration with the open-source DropBot digital microfluidics platform. In sum, we propose that DStat is a valuable contribution to the "open source" movement in analytical science, which is allowing users to adapt their tools to their experiments rather than alter their experiments to be compatible with their tools.

Introdução ao estudo da migração internacional na Amazônia Introduction to the study of international migration in the Amazon

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis E Aragón

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Apesar da importância que a migração internacional alcançou na mídia e na academia no mundo inteiro, existem somente uns poucos estudos esparsos sobre a migração internacional na Amazônia. Como se apresenta o processo de migração internacional na Amazônia e qual é a sua importância nos destinos da região? Este artigo busca se aproximar da resposta a essa pergunta. O texto sintetiza resultados de investigações recentes realizadas pelo Grupo de Pesquisa Meio Ambiente, População e Desenvolvimento da Amazônia (MAPAZ, do Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos (NAEA da Universidade Federal do Pará. Primeiramente, destaca-se a dificuldade de se definir a Amazônia; posteriormente, são apresentadas algumas considerações sobre a migração internacional em nível da Grande Região, agregando os migrantes acumulados nas respectivas Amazônias nacionais, conforme os censos de população de cada país; e, finalmente, trata-se essa problemática no caso da Amazônia brasileira, destacando os países de nascimento e a distribuição espacial dos migrantes na Amazônia Legal. Na Amazônia, os padrões e as tendências discutidas aqui se tornarão mais dinâmicos e complexos em função do andamento de políticas de desenvolvimento na busca da integração regional e econômica.Despite the importance that international migration has attained in the media and academia worldwide, there are only a few scattered studies on international migration in the Amazon. How is the process of international migration presented in the Amazon and what is its importance in the destiny of the region? This article is an initial approach to that question. The text summarizes results of recent research conducted by the Research Group on Environment, Population and Development in the Amazon (MAPAZ of the Center for Advanced Amazonian Studies (NAEA of the Federal University of Pará. First, it discusses the difficulty of defining the Amazon, then some

Modelo de desenvolvimento local na Amazônia Pré-Colonial: complexidade cultural e modernidade em sociedades pré-coloniais da Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edinaldo Pinheiro Nunes Filho

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Este artigo retrata a cultura material das sociedades complexas pré-coloniais que existiram nos estados do Pará e Amapá e destaca a importância do trabalho interdisciplinar como meio para que as evidências arqueológicas colaborem a se repensar a relação entre as populações humanas e o meio ambiente na Amazônia pré-colonial.  Assim, o artigo trabalha a complexidade cultural como conseqüência de desenvolvimento sustentável.

Botânica econômica, uma ciência importante para a região amazônica

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Ghillean T Prance

1988-01-01

Full Text Available A botânica econômica é uma ciência atualmente muito importante na região amazônica e deve ser adaptada às necessidades regionais. Neste trabalho, são fornecidos dados sobre o banco genético da floresta amazônica, espécies e dados econômicos da floresta de extração, sistemas agroflorestais, aproveitamento de monoculturas, naturais e cultivo das várzeas. É necessário um forte programa de botânica econômica para criar sistemas de uso racionais da floresta amazônica.The important contribution to be made by the science of Economic Botany in today's Amazonia environment is emphasized. Economy Botany must be tailored to the current situation where and uneccesary destruction is taking place. Studies are needed of the gene pool os useful plants and their wild relatives that occur in the forest; of products suitable for extraction from the forest; of agroforest, systems; os natural monospecific stands of such species as Orbignya phalerata and Mauritia flexuosa; and of plants suitable for cultivation on the várzea. The need for a strong programme in Amazonian Economic Bot any is stressed.

Voos Xamânicos: imagética da biodiversidade e cultura Amazônica

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Ruth Albernaz Silveira

2016-11-01

Full Text Available “Para encontrar o azul eu uso pássaros...” é uma chave ofertada pelo poeta Manoel de Barros para transver o mundo das materialidades e dos pensamentos. Num sobrevoo na paisagem amazônica rica em formas, cores e pensamentos míticos, podemos nos afetar numa vasta diversidade cultural e biológica. Essa paisagem é manejada pelos povos indígenas desde tempos imemoriais provando que é possível estabelecer relações com a floresta baseadas em práticas de baixo impacto e convivência com os outros seres que ali habitam. A Amazônia é o bioma com maior concentração de vidas co-habitando a mesma região, resultando em sistemas ecológicos e biogeográficos de alta complexidade. Atualmente, sofre grande pressão pelos modelos atuais de ocupação pautados pelo agronegócio que prioriza o capital econômico. É nesse cenário que a artista-bióloga Ruth Albernaz cria sua imagética para propor uma arte sensível que dialogue com a biodiversidade e com o contexto mitológico amazônico. Aqui apresentaremos imagens da série intitulada Voos Xamânicos, que esteve em exposição na Galeria do Sesc Arsenal, em Cuiabá, MT no período de 07 de novembro a 19 de dezembro de 2014, com curadoria da arte-educadora Imara Pizzato Quadros. O tema escolhido foi a palavra-alma “Xamã” por se tratar de um assunto que foi fonte e substrato dessa mostra que apresentou obras inéditas baseadas em pesquisas e experimentações realizadas desde 1996, no campo da Etnoecologia.

Estratégias para evitar a perda de biodiversidade na Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira

2005-08-01

Full Text Available A SOCIEDADE brasileira recebe, anualmente, a estimativa de perda de floresta na Amazônia por meio da taxa de desflorestamento divulgada pelo Inpe, a qual, em 2004, foi de aproximadamente 26.130 km² . O que não se conhece é o quanto de recursos naturais se perde a cada quilômetro quadrado de floresta destruída. Neste trabalho, apresentamos números concretos desta perda, baseados em estudos recentes sobre a densidade de plantas e de alguns grupos de animais na Amazônia. Com base nisso, defendemos a idéia de que não há necessidade de se ampliar o desflorestamento na região e que, portanto, qualquer licença de desmatamento deveria ser proibida na Amazônia. Sugerimos também que o sistema de ciência e tecnologia regional deve ser descentralizado através do desenvolvimento de programas de pesquisa integrados, focalizados no desenho e no teste de modelos de territórios sustentáveis para os diferentes setores da região.BRAZILIAN society receives yearly an estimate of the Amazonian rainforest loss by means of a deforestation rate announced by Inpe, which in 2004 was of approximatly 26,130 km². What we do not know is how much of the natural resources is lost in each square kilometer of forest destruction. In this work, we present concrete numbers of forest loss, based on recent studies of plant densities and some animal species in the Amazon region. Our findings support the idea that it is not necessary to extend further deforestation in the region and, therefore, that deforestation licenses should be forbidden. Moreover, we propose that regional science and technology system must be gradually descentralized and enhanced through the integration and development of research programs focused in drawing and testing models of sustainable territories for the different social segments of the region.

Retratos próprios e desconhecidos: experiências de fronteiras (? E diálogos artísticos nas Amazônias Ocidental e Oriental

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

John Fletcher

2017-03-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho apresenta uma interpretação crí- tica e social de dois projetos artísticos apresentados na cidade de Popayán, Colômbia, localizada na Amazônia Ocidental, em diálogo com outro projeto visual realizado na cidade de Belém, Pará, Brasil, território pertencente à Amazônia Oriental. Em termos conceituais, o mesmo será amparado por alguns eixos de pensamentos críticos como os de Clifford Geertz, Raymond Williams, Pierre Bordieu, Chantal Mouffe, Ernesto Laclau, Mikhail Bakhtin e Nestor García Canclini, bem como buscará destacar uma metodologia polifônica, em muito articulada com alguns dos pressupostos da participação de distintos sujeitos para um agenciamento liminar do pensamento Latino Americano. É sob estes marcadores contextuais, portanto, que a pesquisa se alia a uma operação interpretativa para se rascunhar e debater aproximações e distanciamentos alocados no interior destas Amazônias, cujas visibilidades dão sustentação para horizontes dinâmicos, talvez mais inclusivos e menos autoritários. Palavras-chave: Arte Contemporânea, Interpretação, Amazônia, Colômbia.

Aplicação do método Fuzzy na classificação da zona de convergência do Atlântico Sul no sul da Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Samuel Oliveira Vieira

2014-12-01

Full Text Available A Zona de Convergência do Atlântico Sul (ZCAS influencia a variabilidade da precipitação no sul da bacia Amazônica. Nesse sentido, foi aplicado o Método da Lógica Fuzzy de modo a ter um mecanismo de alerta para as chuvas acima da média climatológica devido à ZCAS (classificada como oceânica, costeira ou Amazônica sobre o Sul da Amazônia, nos meses de novembro a março no período 1999 a 2010. Um algoritmo objetivo na identificação da ocorrência de ZCAS foi esquematizado e a classificação em termos linguísticos permitiu categorizar em diferentes tipos. Durante os períodos de ZCAS, a possibilidade de ocorrer chuvas fortes diárias (> 20mm é mais de duas vezes maior do que a climatologia. ZCAS Amazônicas e costeiras produzem aproximadamente 71,4% da precipitação, referentes aos meses de janeiro a março representando 64% dos episódios atuantes no Sul da Amazônia.

As redes para além dos rios: urbanização e desequilíbrios na Amazônia brasileira

OpenAIRE

Sathler, Douglas; Monte-Mór, Roberto L.; Carvalho, José Alberto Magno de

2009-01-01

Nas últimas décadas, as redes urbanas que se estendem sobre a Amazônia Legal têm evoluído com o surgimento de cidades médias e com a multiplicação de pequenas aglomerações urbanas, que seguem os traçados das principais rodovias e rios da região. Apesar disso, as redes da Amazônia Legal apresentam diversos aspectos que devem ser estudados sem "euforia", diante de uma série de peculiaridades que merecem ser exploradas com maior profundidade. Mesmo que tenha sido estruturada uma hierarquia urban...

A cultura amazônica e sua aplicação nas práticas de educação em saúde e enfermagem

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabianne De Jesus De Sousa

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Introdução: A ordem é viver mais, melhor com mais saúde. Apesar do aumento e acesso às informações, o usuário dos serviços de saúde continua ainda muito impotente na relação que estabelece com os profissionais da área. Objetivou-se relatar a experiência de enfermeiras em identificar como se dá aplicação da cultura amazônica nas práticas educativas com idosos da Unidade de Saúde da Família no Município de Benevides-PA e o conhecimento destas práticas na cultura amazônica. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um relato de experiência, de natureza descritiva vivenciado pelas enfermeiras com um grupo de idosos em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família. Resultados: Os profissionais respeitam sua cultura amazônica através de conversas, oralidade dos mais antigos, espaços comunitários e religiosos para a transmissão dos saberes. Discussão e Conclusões: A Cultura amazônica e as práticas educativas estão presentes nas vidas dos idosos em seus ambientes familiares e comunitários, sendo levado em consideração pelos enfermeiros. Cómo citar este artículo: Sousa F, Andrade F, Silva M. A cultura amazônica e sua aplicação nas práticas de educação em saúde e enfermagem. Rev Cuid. 2015; 6(2: 1103-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v6i2.110

Reflexões sobre hidrelétricas na Amazônia: água, energia e desenvolvimento

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Bertha Koiffmann Becker

Full Text Available O ensaio discute a implantação de hidrelétricas na Amazônia a partir das relações entre consumo de água e hidroeletricidade em diferentes escalas de análise, pois, se todos os lugares do planeta são afetados por processos globais, eles não o são de modo homogêneo. À escala global, domina o discurso apocalíptico de escassez crescente da água e do aquecimento global, exigindo a redução de emissões de gases de efeito estufa mediante o uso de energias renováveis e novas tecnologias. Na escala nacional, os problemas do Brasil são, pelo contrário, como gerir a abundância de água com justiça social e territorial, e como sustar a perda de 20% da energia elétrica produzida. Finalmente, é na escala regional - na Amazônia - que emergem os maiores problemas: i o maior paradoxo entre abundância de água e inacessibilidade social ao recurso; ii grande parte das hidrelétricas planejadas para o país será ali construída, com risco dos graves impactos conhecidos; iii a cogitada obrigatoriedade da construção de eclusas em todas as hidrelétricas, proposta pelo setor industrial em benefício da navegabilidade dos rios, deverá propiciar, na verdade, o escoamento de commodities produzidas na região Centro-Oeste. Coloca-se, assim, para a sociedade e para o governo, a questão ética se realmente são necessárias tantas hidrelétricas na Amazônia.

[The GIPSY-RECPAM model: a versatile approach for integrated evaluation in cardiologic care].

Science.gov (United States)

Carinci, F

2009-01-01

Tree-structured methodology applied for the GISSI-PSICOLOGIA project, although performed in the framework of earliest GISSI studies, represents a powerful tool to analyze different aspects of cardiologic care. The GISSI-PSICOLOGIA project has delivered a novel methodology based on the joint application of psychometric tools and sophisticated statistical techniques. Its prospective use could allow building effective epidemiological models relevant to the prognosis of the cardiologic patient. The various features of the RECPAM method allow a versatile use in the framework of modern e-health projects. The study used the Cognitive Behavioral Assessment H Form (CBA-H) psychometrics scales. The potential for its future application in the framework of Italian cardiology is relevant and particularly indicated to assist planning of systems for integrated care and routine evaluation of the cardiologic patient.

Novel versatile smart phone based Microplate readers for on-site diagnoses.

Science.gov (United States)

Fu, Qiangqiang; Wu, Ze; Li, Xiuqing; Yao, Cuize; Yu, Shiting; Xiao, Wei; Tang, Yong

2016-07-15

Microplate readers are important diagnostic instruments, used intensively for various readout test kits (biochemical analysis kits and ELISA kits). However, due to their expensive and non-portability, commercial microplate readers are unavailable for home testing, community and rural hospitals, especially in developing countries. In this study, to provide a field-portable, cost-effective and versatile diagnostic tool, we reported a novel smart phone based microplate reader. The basic principle of this devise relies on a smart phone's optical sensor that measures transmitted light intensities of liquid samples. To prove the validity of these devises, developed smart phone based microplate readers were applied to readout results of various analytical targets. These targets included analanine aminotransferase (ALT; limit of detection (LOD) was 17.54 U/L), alkaline phosphatase (AKP; LOD was 15.56 U/L), creatinine (LOD was 1.35μM), bovine serum albumin (BSA; LOD was 0.0041mg/mL), prostate specific antigen (PSA; LOD was 0.76pg/mL), and ractopamine (Rac; LOD was 0.31ng/mL). The developed smart phone based microplate readers are versatile, portable, and inexpensive; they are unique because of their ability to perform under circumstances where resources and expertize are limited. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

As redes para além dos rios: urbanização e desequilíbrios na Amazônia Brasileira

OpenAIRE

Douglas Sathler dos Reis

2009-01-01

Nas últimas décadas, as redes urbanas que se estendem sobre a Amazônia Legal têm evoluído com o surgimento de cidades de médio porte e com a multiplicação de pequenas aglomerações urbanas, que seguem os traçados das principais rodovias e rios da região. Em um contexto de transformações globais, com aparecimento das Redes Móveis em meio às novas formas de flexibilidade e interatividade, as redes da Amazônia Legal apresentam diversos aspectos que devem ser estudados sem euforia, diante de uma s...

Telejornalismo na Amaz?nia: o FTP como instrumento de integra??o regional

OpenAIRE

Batista, Lu?s Augusto Pires

2010-01-01

Esta disserta??o investiga o efeito do sistema FTP (File Transfer Protocol ou Protocolo de Transfer?ncia de Arquivo) no processo de produ??o do telejornalismo das emissoras da Rede Amaz?nica (TV Amazonas, TV Rond?nia, TV Acre, TV Roraima e TV Amap?), a partir da Central de Jornalismo sediada na capital do estado no Amazonas e seus efeitos no cotidiano da comunidade do munic?pio de Manacapuru, que passou a ser n?o apenas consumidora de informa??o, mas tamb?m produtora dela. C...

O desmatamento na Amazônia e a importância das áreas protegidas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leandro Valle Ferreira

2005-04-01

Full Text Available O MODELO da ocupação demográfica da Amazônia legalnos últimos cinqueta anos tem levado a níveis significativos de desmatamento, resultante de múltiplos fatores, tais como a abertura de estradas pioneiras, o crescimento das cidades, a ampliação de pecuária extensiva, a acelerada exploração madeireira e a crescente agricultura intensiva de monoculturas. A área cumulativa desmatada na Amazônia legal brasileira chegou a cerca de 653.000 km² em 2003, correspondendo a 16,3% da região. Este estudo visou a determinar o desmatamento dentro e fora dos atuais Unidades de Conservação (UC e Terras Indígenas (TI na Amazônia legal, nos estados de Mato Grosso, Rondônia e Pará, que, juntos, corresponderam por mais de 90% do desmatamento observado entre 2001 e 2003. Os resultados mostraram que o desmatamento foi cerca de dez a vinte vezes menor dentro das Unidades de Conservação e Terras Indígenas do que em áreas contíguas fora delas. Isto demonstra a importância dessas áreas protegidas para diminuir o processo do desmatamento nos três estados. Isto refuta a hipótese generalizada de que estas áreas não cumprissem a sua função principal na conservação e uso racional dos recursos na Amazônia legal.DEMOGRAPHIC occupation of the Brazilian Legal Amazon within the past 50 years has lead to significant levels of deforestation as the result of several factors such as new road construction, urban growth, expansion of extensive cattle ranching, increasing timber extraction, and rising intensive agriculture of monocultures. The cumulative deforested area in Brazil's Legal Amazonia was approximately 653,000 km² in 2003, correspondingto 16,3% of the region. This study sought to assess deforestation within or near to protected areas (conservation units and indigenous reserves in Legal Amazonia in the states of Mato Grosso, Rondônia, and Pará that jointly were responsible for more than 90% of regional deforestation from 2001 to 2003

A questão amazônica e a política de defesa nacional

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Octavio Penna Pieranti

Full Text Available A preservação da Amazônia é uma questão crucial para a integridade territorial do país que se torna ainda mais relevante num cenário marcado pela agressão ao meio ambiente e pela escassez global de recursos naturais no raiar do século XXI. A politica de meio ambiente, a estrutura para sua efetiva implementação e o modelo de preservação que o governo brasileiro vem adotando para a região têm recebido críticas em todos os países desenvolvidos, vindas de autoridades governamentais e da sociedade civil. O que se questiona é a inexistência de estrutura apropriada para a proteção da Amazônia como um bem natural, e essas críticas são preocupantes não apenas por sua origem e alvo, mas também pelo seu conteúdo, pois sugerem modificações que ferem a soberania e a integridade territorial do país. Com base numa pesquisa bibliográfica, este artigo procura discutir a forma de inserção da questão amazônica - e conseqüentemente a política ambiental - no debate sobre a política de defesa nacional. Uma vez que os problemas dessa região envolvem aspectos pertinentes tanto à política de meio ambiente quanto à de defesa, o que se pretende aqui é discutir a necessidade de adoção de um modelo de preservação do ecossistema da Amazônia que conte com maior apoio das Forças Armadas. Reformulada a partir da década de 1990, a política de defesa nacional tem procurado se adequar a uma drástica redução de custos, sem que isso prejudique o desempenho de suas funções essenciais. Essa política se baseia, ainda, numa sistemática de defesa mantida mesmo em tempos de paz - principalmente, em relação á garantia da soberania nacional - e dessa forma, está vinculada á proteção do território e dos recursos naturais brasileiros. Ao se discutir as implicações que a política ambiental traz para a política de defesa nacional, o objetivo é abordar a defesa do meio ambiente no Brasil como uma forma de resguardar a pr

Towards Versatile Robots Through Open Heterogeneous Modular Robots

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lyder, Andreas

arises, a new robot can be assembled rapidly from the existing modules, in contrast to conventional robots, which require a time consuming and expensive development process. In this thesis we define a modular robot to be a robot consisting of dynamically reconfigurable modules. The goal of this thesis......Robots are important tools in our everyday life. Both in industry and at the consumer level they serve the purpose of increasing our scope and extending our capabilities. Modular robots take the next step, allowing us to easily create and build various robots from a set of modules. If a problem...... is to increase the versatility and practical usability of modular robots by introducing new conceptual designs. Until now modular robots have been based on a pre-specified set of modules, and thus, their functionality is limited. We propose an open heterogeneous design concept, which allows a modular robot...

The Versatile Link Demo Board (VLDB)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lesma, R. Martín; Alessio, F.; Barbosa, J.; Baron, S.; Caplan, C.; Leitao, P.; Porret, D.; Wyllie, K.; Pecoraro, C.

2017-01-01

The Versatile Link Demonstrator Board (VLDB) is the evaluation kit for the radiation-hard Optical Link ecosystem, which provides a 4.8 Gbps data transfer link for communication between front-end (FE) and back-end (BE) of the High Energy Physics experiments. It gathers the Versatile link main radiation-hard custom Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) and modules: GBTx, GBT-SCA and VTRx/VTTx plus the FeastMP, a radiation-hard in-house designed DC-DC converter. This board is the first design allowing system-level tests of the Link with a complete interconnection of the constitutive components, allowing data acquisition, control and monitoring of FE devices with the GBT-SCA pair.

Pueblos amazónicos: estéticas y cosmovisiones (L. Abad, A. Alonso Sagaseta)

OpenAIRE

Juan Antonio Flores

2013-01-01

Acaba de ser publicado un raro libro, especialmente dirigido a los amazonistas y en particular a los estudiosos y curiosos de la cultura material amazónica –la que condensa esa mixtura de cotidianeidad, arte y espiritualidad-, pero que pueden celebrar al mismo tiempo los antropólogos involucrados en la defensa de los derechos de los pueblos indígenas y originarios de este área cultural.

Amazing structure of respirasome: unveiling the secrets of cell respiration.

Science.gov (United States)

Guo, Runyu; Gu, Jinke; Wu, Meng; Yang, Maojun

2016-12-01

Respirasome, a huge molecular machine that carries out cellular respiration, has gained growing attention since its discovery, because respiration is the most indispensable biological process in almost all living creatures. The concept of respirasome has renewed our understanding of the respiratory chain organization, and most recently, the structure of respirasome solved by Yang's group from Tsinghua University (Gu et al. Nature 237(7622):639-643, 2016) firstly presented the detailed interactions within this huge molecular machine, and provided important information for drug design and screening. However, the study of cellular respiration went through a long history. Here, we briefly showed the detoured history of respiratory chain investigation, and then described the amazing structure of respirasome.

Barcarena: trabalho e mobilidade numa fronteira amazônica globalizada.

OpenAIRE

Hazeu, Marcel

2015-01-01

A globalização da fronteira tem levado a transformações sociais em municípios amazônicos que passaram por processos de industrialização e exportação, aliado à marginalização das formas de produção e reprodução locais e à precarização das relações do trabalho. As transformações sociais no município de Barcarena são discutidas no contexto de quatro sistemas migratórios: as desapropriações e permanentes deslocamentos forçados; a precarização e mobilidade do trabalho; o transporte rodoviário e m...

Trapecio amazónico: turismo e imaginarios sociales sobre un territorio exotizado

OpenAIRE

Vélez Rivas, Martha Lucía

2017-01-01

Resumen El objetivo del artículo es comprender los imaginarios sociales construidos sobre el Trapecio Amazónico colombiano y su influencia en la experiencia turística. De manera creciente, se observa un aumento en el flujo de turistas atraídos por ofertas hacia este territorio selvático, el cual está habitado principalmente por comunidades indígenas que son, al mismo tiempo, objeto y sujetos del turismo. La experiencia turística está permeada por imaginarios construidos a través de relatos, n...

DURAMAZ, um Sistema de Indicadores de Desenvolvimento Sustentável na Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Martine Droulers

2011-07-01

Full Text Available A análise do processo de sustentabilidade representa um grande desafio científico enquanto a Amazônia constitui um verdadeiro laboratório onde estão sendo testadas inúmeras concepções desse conceito. Haveria pontos ou mecanismos comuns entre estas? Esse é o ponto que pesquisou o programa DURAMAZ, que teve como objetivo de desvendar fatores chaves, ou “determinantes” do desenvolvimento sustentável (DS na Amazônia brasileira através da identificação dos impactos geográficos, demográficos e socioeconômicos de 13 projetos de DS. Apresentamos os pontos-chaves da metodologia, assim como algumas visões de síntese sobre a aplicação do conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável. Entender as dinâmicas internas de cada uma dessas experiências foi a meta principal, assim como entender as razões de um bom desempenho. O resultado final do programa de pesquisa reside na construção de um sistema de indicadores a partir de bancos de dados sistematizados (socioeconômico, demográfico/biográfico e geográfico e na análise de seus resultados.

Nanocapillary Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet: A Tool for Ultrafine Maskless Surface Modification at Atmospheric Pressure.

Science.gov (United States)

Motrescu, Iuliana; Nagatsu, Masaaki

2016-05-18

With respect to microsized surface functionalization techniques we proposed the use of a maskless, versatile, simple tool, represented by a nano- or microcapillary atmospheric pressure plasma jet for producing microsized controlled etching, chemical vapor deposition, and chemical modification patterns on polymeric surfaces. In this work we show the possibility of size-controlled surface amination, and we discuss it as a function of different processing parameters. Moreover, we prove the successful connection of labeled sugar chains on the functionalized microscale patterns, indicating the possibility to use ultrafine capillary atmospheric pressure plasma jets as versatile tools for biosensing, tissue engineering, and related biomedical applications.

THE AMAZING UNIVERSE OF RUSSIAN MULTINATIONALS: NEW INSIGHTS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

CODRUŢA DURA

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Over the past few years, large multinational companies originating from Russia have shown outstanding performances alongside their road from regional dominance to global leaders. Taking stock of recent approaches in the literature and statistical data released by well-known international organizations, our papers aims to provide some new insights from the amazing universe of Russian multinationals, following the 2008-2009 global economic crisis. The list of the largest multinationals from Russia shows that corporations from oil & gas and metallurgical sector are prevailing, as a consequence of the resource – based character of the Russian economy. Although Russian giants represents a quite heterogeneous class of companies, they do share several common features such as their propel mechanism of expansion on the global business stage (leveraged by the resource-based nature of their home economy, their tendency to invest in the neighboring countries (like Commonwealth of Independent States or East European countries, their modes of entry (through brownfield projects etc.

Magrit: a new thematic cartography tool

Science.gov (United States)

Viry, Matthieu; Giraud, Timothée; Lambert, Nicolas

2018-05-01

The article provides an overview of the features of the Magrit web application: a free online thematic mapping tool, presenting a strong pedagogical dimension and making possible to mobilize all the elements necessary for the realization of a thematic map. In this tool, several simple modes of representation are proposed such as proportional maps or choropleth maps. Other, more complex modes are also available such as smoothed maps and cartograms. Each map can be finalized thanks to layout and customization features (projection, scale, orientation, toponyms, etc.) and exported in vector format. Magrit is therefore a complete, light and versatile tool particularly adapted to cartography teaching at the university.

Reciclagem de Precipitação na Bacia Amazônica: O Papel do Transporte de Umidade e da Evapotranspiração da Superfície

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Vinícius Machado Rocha

Full Text Available Resumo O objetivo desse trabalho é avaliar a distribuição dos componentes do balanço de água e da reciclagem de precipitação na bacia amazônica, abordando os mecanismos físicos associados ao processo de reciclagem. De forma geral, a bacia amazônica se comporta como um sumidouro de umidade da atmosfera, recebendo vapor d'água tanto do transporte de origem oceânica quanto da evaportranspiração da floresta por meio do processo de reciclagem de precipitação. Em escala regional, a Amazônia representa uma importante fonte de umidade para outras regiões da América do Sul, contribuindo para o regime da precipitação em outras áreas do continente. Na média, a reciclagem de precipitação é da ordem de 20% na bacia amazônica, com valores variando entre 15% na porção norte e 40% na porção sul. Dessa forma, do total da precipitação na bacia, aproximadamente, 20% é decorrente do processo de evapotranspiração local; indicando que, a contribuição local para a precipitação total representa um percentual significativo no balanço de água regional e desempenha um importante papel no ciclo hidrológico amazônico. Entretanto, as variabilidades e mudanças no sistema climático devido tanto às variações naturais quanto antropogênicas (aumento na emissão de gases estufa e desflorestamento podem afetar a reciclagem e o ciclo hdrológico regional.

The Chaperonin GroEL: A Versatile Tool for Applied Biotechnology Platforms

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pierce T. O'Neil

2018-05-01

Full Text Available The nucleotide-free chaperonin GroEL is capable of capturing transient unfolded or partially unfolded states that flicker in and out of existence due to large-scale protein dynamic vibrational modes. In this work, three short vignettes are presented to highlight our continuing advances in the application of GroEL biosensor biolayer interferometry (BLI technologies and includes expanded uses of GroEL as a molecular scaffold for electron microscopy determination. The first example presents an extension of the ability to detect dynamic pre-aggregate transients in therapeutic protein solutions where the assessment of the kinetic stability of any folded protein or, as shown herein, quantitative detection of mutant-type protein when mixed with wild-type native counterparts. Secondly, using a BLI denaturation pulse assay with GroEL, the comparison of kinetically controlled denaturation isotherms of various von Willebrand factor (vWF triple A domain mutant-types is shown. These mutant-types are single point mutations that locally disorder the A1 platelet binding domain resulting in one gain of function and one loss of function phenotype. Clear, separate, and reproducible kinetic deviations in the mutant-type isotherms exist when compared with the wild-type curve. Finally, expanding on previous electron microscopy (EM advances using GroEL as both a protein scaffold surface and a release platform, examples are presented where GroEL-protein complexes can be imaged using electron microscopy tilt series and the low-resolution structures of aggregation-prone proteins that have interacted with GroEL. The ability of GroEL to bind hydrophobic regions and transient partially folded states allows one to employ this unique molecular chaperone both as a versatile structural scaffold and as a sensor of a protein's folded states.

Moessbauer Spectroscopy: Elegance and versatility in chemical diagnostics

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guetlich, Philipp; Garcia, Yann, E-mail: guetlich@uni-mainz.d [Unite de Chimie des Materiaux Inorganiques et Organiques, Departement de Chimie, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Place L. Pasteur 1, 1348 Louvain la Neuve (Belgium)

2010-03-01

Dedicated to Professor Rudolf Ludwig Moessbauer on the occasion of his 80th birthday. Soon after the discovery of the recoilless nuclear resonance fluorescence by Rudolf L. Moessbauer some fifty years ago a new spectroscopic technique developed quickly on the basis of this resonance phenomenon as an excellent tool for the investigation of materials through electric and magnetic hyperfine interactions between electrons and suitable Moessbauer nu-clides. Many disciplines of solid state research have benefited from applications of the new tool for non-destructive phase analysis. Chemists in particular have recognized the information that can be derived from Moessbauer spectra regarding oxidation and spin state, molecular symmetry, bonding properties, magnetism, dynamic phenomena such as spin state switching, electronic transfer processes and other phase fluctuations to name a few. This Keynote Lecture presents highlights of chemical applications of Moessbauer spectroscopy selected from work during the past five decades which will demonstrate the elegance and versatility of the technique in the hands of (not only) chemists, but materials scientists in the broadest sense. The retrospect begins with studies in the early sixties on simple oxides and coordination compounds, where Moessbauer spectroscopy played a decisive role in solving unanswered questions, and concludes with fascinating current discoveries on the Planet Mars and most recent developments in the use of synchrotron radiation for nuclear resonance scattering (NFS, NIS).

El reto de la contribución de la organización del Tratado de Cooperación Amazónica – OTCA– para el bienestar de las poblaciones locales y fronterizas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Franco Hernández

2014-05-01

Full Text Available El documento aborda la descripción de las dinámicas sociales, económicas y políticas de las poblaciones fronterizas asentadas en la Amazonia, que discurren en medio de situaciones de conflicto y con formas diferenciadas de presencia de los Estados nacionales y sus instituciones. El escrito expone las políticas de organismos multilaterales como la OTCA (Organización del Tratado de Cooperación Amazónica, que tienen como objetivo formular planes y agendas estratégicas en torno al desarrollo sostenible y al uso y conservación de los sistemas naturales amazónicos y sus recursos. El argumento central es que tales políticas, planes y programas tienen un impacto mínimo en la resolución de los problemas y conflictos que enfrentan los pueblos amazónicos, dada la ausencia de instrumentos que articulen las formulaciones de carácter general con propuestas y proyectos que conduzcan al desarrollo sostenible y a un mejor vivir de las poblaciones amazónicas a escala regional.

Arqueoturismo no cerrado e na amazônia: Dois pedaços de um mesmo pote

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renata de Godoy

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo compara o Turismo Arqueológico, ou Arqueoturismo, em duas situações distintas no Brasil: um conjunto de sítios paleolíticos no Distrito Federal e um sítio colonial, onde o turismo tem sido explorado na Amazônia Brasileira, no Pará. Em Brasília, fruto de uma pesquisa de doutorado, o turismo foi analisado como uma opção de uso e de gestão do patrimônio com baixíssima visibilidade e consequente baixo potencial turístico. E na Amazônia, fruto de uma pesquisa em andamento de pós-doutoramento, o turismo tem sido avaliado enquanto ferramenta de preservação e de inclusão do público. Nas duas pesquisas, constata-se uma grande expectativa dos públicos em relação ao aproveitamento turístico, e o baixo aproveitamento da atividade nos sítios analisados até o momento. Nos dois estudos, notam-se benefícios de natureza coletiva, elencados como capitais simbólicos.

As espécies de Coccoloba P. Browne (Polygonaceae) da Amazônia brasileira

OpenAIRE

Melo,Efigênia de

2004-01-01

O gênero Coccoloba está representado na Amazônia brasileira por 23 espécies: Coccoloba acuminata Kunth, C. arborescens (Vell.) R. A. Howard, C. ascendens Duss ex Lindau, C. brasiliensis Nees & Mart., C. charitostachya Standl., C. conduplicata Maguire, C. coronata Jacq., C. declinata (Vell.) Mart., C. densifrons Mart. ex Meisn., C. excelsa Benth., C. gentryi R. A. Howard, C. latifolia Lam., C. lehmannii Lindau, C. lucidula Benth., C. marginata Benth., C. mollis Casar., C. ovata Benth., C. ...

Extrativismo do Ouro no Século XXI. Exemplos no Sudoeste da Amazônia Brasileira

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Célia Nunes Coelho

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Esse artigo discute o fato de que as atividades do extrativismo tradicional do ouro (informal ou ilegal tendem à extinção no tempo. Nos casos de garimpos do sudoeste da Amazônia, as políticas públicas adotadas, que incluem o estímulo ao cooperativismo, não contribuíram para a solução dos problemas da informalidade e ilegalidade dos garimpos

Environmental versatility promotes modularity in genome-scale metabolic networks.

Science.gov (United States)

Samal, Areejit; Wagner, Andreas; Martin, Olivier C

2011-08-24

The ubiquity of modules in biological networks may result from an evolutionary benefit of a modular organization. For instance, modularity may increase the rate of adaptive evolution, because modules can be easily combined into new arrangements that may benefit their carrier. Conversely, modularity may emerge as a by-product of some trait. We here ask whether this last scenario may play a role in genome-scale metabolic networks that need to sustain life in one or more chemical environments. For such networks, we define a network module as a maximal set of reactions that are fully coupled, i.e., whose fluxes can only vary in fixed proportions. This definition overcomes limitations of purely graph based analyses of metabolism by exploiting the functional links between reactions. We call a metabolic network viable in a given chemical environment if it can synthesize all of an organism's biomass compounds from nutrients in this environment. An organism's metabolism is highly versatile if it can sustain life in many different chemical environments. We here ask whether versatility affects the modularity of metabolic networks. Using recently developed techniques to randomly sample large numbers of viable metabolic networks from a vast space of metabolic networks, we use flux balance analysis to study in silico metabolic networks that differ in their versatility. We find that highly versatile networks are also highly modular. They contain more modules and more reactions that are organized into modules. Most or all reactions in a module are associated with the same biochemical pathways. Modules that arise in highly versatile networks generally involve reactions that process nutrients or closely related chemicals. We also observe that the metabolism of E. coli is significantly more modular than even our most versatile networks. Our work shows that modularity in metabolic networks can be a by-product of functional constraints, e.g., the need to sustain life in multiple

Environmental versatility promotes modularity in genome-scale metabolic networks

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wagner Andreas

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The ubiquity of modules in biological networks may result from an evolutionary benefit of a modular organization. For instance, modularity may increase the rate of adaptive evolution, because modules can be easily combined into new arrangements that may benefit their carrier. Conversely, modularity may emerge as a by-product of some trait. We here ask whether this last scenario may play a role in genome-scale metabolic networks that need to sustain life in one or more chemical environments. For such networks, we define a network module as a maximal set of reactions that are fully coupled, i.e., whose fluxes can only vary in fixed proportions. This definition overcomes limitations of purely graph based analyses of metabolism by exploiting the functional links between reactions. We call a metabolic network viable in a given chemical environment if it can synthesize all of an organism's biomass compounds from nutrients in this environment. An organism's metabolism is highly versatile if it can sustain life in many different chemical environments. We here ask whether versatility affects the modularity of metabolic networks. Results Using recently developed techniques to randomly sample large numbers of viable metabolic networks from a vast space of metabolic networks, we use flux balance analysis to study in silico metabolic networks that differ in their versatility. We find that highly versatile networks are also highly modular. They contain more modules and more reactions that are organized into modules. Most or all reactions in a module are associated with the same biochemical pathways. Modules that arise in highly versatile networks generally involve reactions that process nutrients or closely related chemicals. We also observe that the metabolism of E. coli is significantly more modular than even our most versatile networks. Conclusions Our work shows that modularity in metabolic networks can be a by-product of functional

Development of a versatile tool for the simultaneous differential detection of Pseudomonas savastanoi pathovars by End Point and Real-Time PCR.

Science.gov (United States)

Tegli, Stefania; Cerboneschi, Matteo; Libelli, Ilaria Marsili; Santilli, Elena

2010-05-28

procedures here reported provide a versatile tool both for epidemiological and ecological studies on these pathovars, and for diagnostic procedures monitoring the asymptomatic presence of P. savastanoi on olive and oleander propagation materials.

A versatile electrical penetration design qualified to IEEE Std. 317-1983

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lankenau, W.; Wetherill, T.M.

1994-01-01

Although worldwide demand for new construction of nuclear power stations has been on a decline, the available opportunities for the design and construction of qualified electrical penetrations continues to offer challenges, requiring a highly versatile design. Versatility is necessary in order to meet unique customer requirements within the constraints of a design basis qualified to IEEE Std. 317-1983. This paper summarizes such a versatile electrical penetration designed, built and tested to IEEE Std. 317-1983. The principal features are described including major materials of construction. Some of the design constraints such as sealing requirements, and conductor density (including numerical example) are discussed. The requirements for qualification testing of the penetration assembly to IEEE Std. 317-1983 are delineated in a general sense, and some typical test ranges for preconditioning, radiation exposure, and LOCA are provided. The paper concludes by describing ways in which this versatile design has been adapted to meet unique customer requirements in a variety of nuclear power plants

Amazing 7-day, super-simple, scripted guide to teaching or learning decimals

CERN Document Server

Kolby, Jeff

2014-01-01

Welcome to The Amazing 7-Day Super-Simple, Scripted Guide to Teaching or Learning Decimals. I have attempted to do just what the title says: make learning decimals super simple. I have also attempted to make it fun and even ear-catching. The reason for this is not that I am a frustrated stand-up comic, but because in my fourteen years of teaching the subject, I have come to realize that my jokes, even the bad ones, have a crazy way of sticking in my students' heads. And should I use a joke (even a bad one) repetitively, the associations become embedded in their brains, many times to their chag

Amazing 7-day, super-simple, scripted guide to teaching or learning percents

CERN Document Server

Hernandez, Lisa

2014-01-01

Welcome to The Amazing 7-Day, Super-Simple, Scripted Guide to Teaching or Learning Percents. I have attempted to do just what the title says: make learning percents super simple. I have also attempted to make it fun and even ear-catching. The reason for this is not that I am a frustrated stand-up comic, but because in my fourteen years of teaching the subject, I have come to realize that my jokes, even the bad ones, have a crazy way of sticking in my students' heads. And should I use a joke (even a bad one) repetitively, the associations become embedded in their brains, many times to their cha

A versatile scalable PET processing system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dong, H.; Weisenberger, A.; McKisson, J.; Wenze, Xi; Cuevas, C.; Wilson, J.; Zukerman, L.

2011-01-01

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) historically has major clinical and preclinical applications in cancerous oncology, neurology, and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, in a new direction, an application specific PET system is being developed at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab) in collaboration with Duke University, University of Maryland at Baltimore (UMAB), and West Virginia University (WVU) targeted for plant eco-physiology research. The new plant imaging PET system is versatile and scalable such that it could adapt to several plant imaging needs - imaging many important plant organs including leaves, roots, and stems. The mechanical arrangement of the detectors is designed to accommodate the unpredictable and random distribution in space of the plant organs without requiring the plant be disturbed. Prototyping such a system requires a new data acquisition system (DAQ) and data processing system which are adaptable to the requirements of these unique and versatile detectors.

Development of a versatile, easy and rapid atmospheric monitor for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes determination in air.

Science.gov (United States)

Esteve-Turrillas, Francesc A; Ly-Verdú, Saray; Pastor, Agustín; de la Guardia, Miguel

2009-11-27

A new procedure for the passive sampling in air of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene isomers (BTEX) is proposed. A low-density polyethylene layflat tube filled with a mixture of solid phases provided a high versatility tool for the sampling of volatile compounds from air. Several solid phases were assayed in order to increase the BTEX absorption in the sampler and a mixture of florisil and activated carbon provided the best results. Direct head-space-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS) measurement of the whole deployed sampler was employed for a fast determination of BTEX. Absorption isotherms were used to develop simple mathematical models for the estimation of BTEX time-weighted average concentrations in air. The proposed samplers were used to determine BTEX in indoor air environments and results were compared with those found using two reference methodologies: triolein-containing semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) and diffusive Radiello samplers. In short, the developed sampling system and analytical strategy provides a versatile, easy and rapid atmospheric monitor (VERAM).

O que significa tornar-se outro? Xamanismo e contato interétnico na Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vilaça Aparecida

2000-01-01

Full Text Available A partir da análise da etnografia wari' (Amazônia Meridional, justaposta a outros materiais etnográficos das terras baixas sul-americanas, o artigo pretende mostrar que o idioma da corporalidade, central para o entendimento da capacidade do xamã de mudar de identidade, transformando-se em animal, é essencial para se pensar, no contexto ameríndio, a experiência do mundo dos Brancos.

Variação sazonal dos valores de bioquímica sérica de jiboias amazônicas (Boa constrictor constrictor mantidas em cativeiro

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Dennis José da Silva Lima

2012-09-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2012v25n4p165   Na região Norte do Brasil, as estações do ano não são bem definidas como acontece nas regiões Sul e Sudeste, devido ao clima equatorial quente e úmido, com um período mais chuvoso, conhecido como inverno amazônico, e um período menos chuvoso, conhecido como verão amazônico. Com esta pesquisa, objetivou-se avaliar a variação dos valores bioquímicos séricos de jiboias amazônicas correlacionadas com a sazonalidade da região. Foram realizadas análises bioquímicas séricas (AST, ALT, DHL, FA, cálcio, ácido úrico, fósforo, proteína total, albumina e globulina de 31 serpentes da espécie Boa constrictor constrictor, mantidas em cativeiro. Levando em consideração a variável sazonalidade, observou-se que oito dos dez parâmetros são maiores no inverno em comparação ao verão (proteína total, albumina, globulina, ALT, AST, FA, DHL e cálcio sendo que os valores de ALT, AST e cálcio mostraram ter diferenças estatísticas significantes no verão e inverno amazônicos, enquanto que os demais parâmetros parecem não ser influenciados pela sazonalidade. Esta foi a primeira pesquisa, em cativeiro, analisando o perfil bioquímico sérico serpentes Boa constrictor constrictor no Estado do Pará.

A gestão do planejamento da Educação Superior Pública na Amazônia - da Ditadura Militar ao governo Lula: continuidades e rupturas

OpenAIRE

Melo, Maria Lúcia Gomes Figueira de

2014-01-01

Tese de Doutoramento em Gestão Tese que analisa criticamente o processo de gestão do planejamento na Amazônia no que concerne as políticas públicas de Educação Superior do Governo Federal para esta região brasileira, a partir da Ditadura Militar até a gestão do Presidente Lula. Neste estudo se investiga o planejamento como instrumento de gestão pública regional através da coordenação de tais políticas pela Superintendência do Desenvolvimento da Amazônia – SUDAM, analisando-s...

Amazônia: como aproveitar os benefícios da destruição?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alfredo Kingo Oyama Homma

2005-08-01

Full Text Available A SOLUÇÃO dos problemas na Amazônia deve estar conectada com outras partes do País e do mundo. A redução dos desmatamentos e queimadas nessa região depende do desenvolvimento de atividades agrícolas adequadas nas áreas já desmatadas e que tenham mercado, em vez do uso "sustentável" da floresta e de direitos difusos. Nesse sentido, uma política agrícola teria efeitos mais positivos do que uma política ambiental que não pode ser efetuada de maneira isolada das demais regiões do País, sob risco de transferir contingentes populacionais de outras localidades. Há necessidade de elevar a produtividade das atividades agrícolas na Amazônia, reduzir a pressão sobre os recursos naturais com risco de esgotamento, incentivar plantios racionais de recursos extrativos potenciais, substituir as importações de produtos tropicais (seringueira, dendê, cacau etc., melhorar as relações de troca dos produtos amazônicos versus produtos importados da Zona Franca de Manaus, efetuar a recuperação das áreas que não deveriam ter sido desmatadas e plena utilização potencial das áreas já desmatadas, entre outras.THE SOLUTION of the problems in the Amazon is not independent, but connected with other parts of Brazil and the world. The reduction of deforestation and fire in the Amazon depends on the development of appropriate agricultural activities in areas already deforested and that they have market, instead of the "sustainable" use of the forest and of diffuse rights. In that sense, an agricultural policy would have more positive effects than an environmental policy, which cannot be made in an isolated way of the other areas of the country, under the risk of transferring population contingents from other places. There is the need to elevate the productivity of the agricultural activities in the Amazon, to reduce the pressure over the natural resources under exhaustion risk, to motivate rational plantings of potential extractive resources

The amazing world of smashed protons and lead ions

CERN Multimedia

Antonella Del Rosso

2013-01-01

When a single proton (p) is smashed against a lead ion (Pb), unexpected events may occur: in the most violent p-Pb collisions, correlations of particles exhibit similar features as in lead-lead collisions where quark-gluon plasma is formed. This and other amazing results were presented by the ALICE experiment at the SQM2013 conference held in Birmingham from 21 to 27 July.   Event display from the proton-lead run, in January 2013. This event was generated by the High Level Trigger (HLT) of the ALICE experiment. “Jet quenching” is one of the most powerful signatures of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formed in high-energy lead-lead collisions. QGP is expected to exist only in specific conditions involving extremely hot temperatures and a very high particle concentration. These conditions are not expected to apply in the case of less “dense” particle collisions such as proton-lead collisions. “When we observe the results of these collisions in ALICE, ...

Amenazas fluviales en el piedemonte amazónico colombiano

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Castiblanco Miguel A.

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre las amenazas ambientales de origen fluvio-volcánico y fluvio-torrencial que podrían afectar a la población del piedemonte amazónico colombiano. Esta región comprende una amplia zona sur-central del país sobre la cual se posee una cartografía deficiente y escasa información secundaria sobre geología, geomorfología, hidrología y climatología. Por lo tanto se llevó a cabo un análisis geomorfológico regional de imágenes satelitales (Landsat y de aerofotografías locales que permitieron identificar las geoformas principales y los procesos morfo-dinámicos asociados a eventos ambientales extremos. Finalmente, se identificaron tres factores ambientales capaces de generar graves impactos en la región: las erupciones volcánicas, los terremotos fuertes y las lluvias torrenciales.

A Amazônia imaginada nos memoriais enviados ao Consejo de Indias no século XVII

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Francismar Alex Lopes de Carvalho

Full Text Available Resumo: Por todo o século XVII, colonos e missionários exploraram assiduamente as terras baixas amazônicas, localizadas a leste do vice-reinado do Peru. Nos memoriais que enviaram ao Consejo de Indias, em que solicitavam mercês, apresentaram diversas imagens dos índios, relacionando-os com ricos territórios que imaginavam existir na Amazônia, como o El Dorado e o Paititi. Este artigo propõe uma análise mais aprofundada dessas imagens, entendidas não tanto como a permanência de uma predisposição mítica, mas como uma estratégia discursiva na dura negociação por mercês, honras e privilégios que os referidos atores estabeleciam com a Coroa espanhola. Embora os memoriais permitissem ao Consejo de Indias ter notícia de regiões distantes e de como colonos e missionários atuavam nelas, a própria função política do documento influía poderosamente no tipo de imagens que apresentavam dos indígenas e das paisagens fronteiriças.

Violence against Amazon women Violencia contra mujeres amazónicas Violência contra mulheres amazônicas

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Vera Lúcia de Azevedo Lima

2009-12-01

Full Text Available This quantitative and exploratory study analyzed violence against Amazon women presented in print media according to type and severity, and whether aggressors fell under the Maria da Penha law. A total of 181 issues of a regional newspaper were consulted. Based on content analysis, 164 items addressing violence against women were selected and 46 were included in the corpus of analysis. Results were gathered in three thematic groups: women killed with cruelty, sexual violence against women regardless of age, and violence against women and the limitations of the Maria da Penha law. Violence against these women varied in terms of form and severity, including up to homicide. Women are submitted to sexual violence from childhood through adulthood. The enforcement of this law shows the community it has a means to cope with this social phenomenon.Este es un estudio exploratorio de naturaleza cualitativa, que se realizó con el objetivo de analizar la violencia contra mujeres amazónicas, presentada en los periódicos, según el tipo y su gravedad, y citación de encuadramiento del agresor en la Ley Maria de la Penha. Fueron consultados 181 ejemplares de un periódico regional. A partir del análisis de contenido, fueron seleccionadas 164 notas sobre violencias contra mujeres, de ellas 46 fueron incluidas como corpus de análisis. Los resultados fueron reunidos en tres grupos temáticos: mujeres asesinadas con crueldad, la violencia sexual contra mujeres no tiene edad y la violencia contra mujeres y el límite de la Ley Maria de la Penha. La violencia contra esas mujeres presentó variación en cuanto a la forma y a la gravedad, ocurriendo inclusive homicidios. Las mujeres son sometidas a violencia sexual desde la infancia hasta la edad adulta. El encuadramiento legal del agresor demuestra a la comunidad un medio para enfrentamiento de ese fenómeno social.Este é um estudo exploratório de natureza qualitativa, com o objetivo de analisar a viol

A televisão na Amazônia e sua contribuição ao desenvolvimento regional

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Berno, Geovani

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo procede de análise e observação da história da televisão na Amazônia brasileira, a acuidade dessa mídia para a miscigenação cultural, a construção de novos sentidos e a interferência na cultura local e sua contribuição para o desenvolvimento regional

Engineering artificial machines from designable DNA materials for biomedical applications.

Science.gov (United States)

Qi, Hao; Huang, Guoyou; Han, Yulong; Zhang, Xiaohui; Li, Yuhui; Pingguan-Murphy, Belinda; Lu, Tian Jian; Xu, Feng; Wang, Lin

2015-06-01

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) emerges as building bricks for the fabrication of nanostructure with complete artificial architecture and geometry. The amazing ability of DNA in building two- and three-dimensional structures raises the possibility of developing smart nanomachines with versatile controllability for various applications. Here, we overviewed the recent progresses in engineering DNA machines for specific bioengineering and biomedical applications.

Evaluation of friction produced by self-ligating, conventional and Barbosa Versatile brackets

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Jurandir Antonio BARBOSA

Full Text Available Abstract Introduction The Barbosa Versatile bracket design may provide lower frictional force and greater sliding. However, no in vitro studies have shown its sliding mechanisms and frictional resistance, particularly in comparison with other self-ligating or conventional brackets. Objective To compare the frictional resistance among self-ligating brackets (EasyClip/ Aditek, Damon MX/ Ormco and In Ovation R/ GAC; conventional brackets (Balance Roth/ GAC, and Roth Monobloc/ Morelli; and Barbosa Versatile bracket (Barbosa Versatile/ GAC with different angles and arch wires. Material and method Brackets were tested with the 0.014", 0.018", 0.019"×0.025" and 0.021"×0.025" stainless steel wires, with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 degree angulations. Tying was performed with elastomeric ligature for conventional and Barbosa Versatile brackets, or with a built-in clip system of the self-ligating brackets. A universal testing machine was used to obtain sliding strength and friction value readouts between brackets and wires. Result Three-way factorial ANOVA 4×5×6 (brackets × angulation × wire and Tukey tests showed statistically significant differences for all factors and all interactions (p<0.0001. Static frictional resistance showed a lower rate for Barbosa Versatile bracket and higher rates for Roth Monobloc and Balance brackets. Conclusion The lowest frictional resistance was obtained with the Barbosa Versatile bracket and self-ligating brackets in comparison with the conventional type. Increasing the diameter of the wires increased the frictional resistance. Smaller angles produced less frictional resistance.

Amazônia virtual no game Brasil Ragnarök online: representações, construção e circulação de sentidos sobre a região

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Luciana Miranda Costa

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar representações amazônicas presentes em Brasil Ragnarök Online (BRO, um jogo digital on-line para milhares de participantes simultâneos. Em 2009 foi lançado um conteúdo adicional ao jogo, uma cidade virtual intitulada Brasilis. Trata-se de uma representação do Brasil contendo inúmeros elementos lúdicos, audiovisuais e narrativos que referenciam aspectos culturais, naturais e históricos do país, sobretudo da região amazônica, foco desta pesquisa. Para a análise, foram utilizadas as propostas metodológicas relativas aos games: retórica processual (BOGOST, 2007; 2008; modelo de jogo digital (PINHEIRO, 2007; e hermenêutica dinâmica (TEIXEIRA, 2007. A partir da análise, verificou-se que os sentidos construídos em BRO reforçam estereótipos sobre a Amazônia, de modo a apresentar circularidades com sentidos já existentes e vigentes na sociedade, sobretudo relacionados à exploração e colonização da região. Apesar disso, entende-se que os jogos digitais configuram-se como uma mídia potencial para valorização, resistência e debate acerca da Amazônia.

Mobilidades geográfico-profissionais de duas gerações de agricultores familiares assentados na Amazônia oriental

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Xavier Arnauld de Sartre

Full Text Available Resumo A mobilidade social de agricultores familiares em áreas de frentes pioneiras da Amazônia, durante muitos anos, esteve associada à migração geográfica, em busca de uma terra para trabalhar. O afastamento cada vez mais importante das terras, a modernização do comportamento dos jovens e o aumento do nível médio de estudo implicaram mudanças importantes nestas estratégias, uma vez que os agricultores preferem atingir a mobilidade social por meio dos estudos escolares e da migração para a cidade. Se esses dados são conhecidos, a quantificação do fenômeno (em particular, com questionários biográficos no caso de três assentamentos da Amazônia oriental e a diferenciação interna ao grupo dos agricultores (segundo o tipo de família e o lugar de moradia constituem as principais inovações deste artigo.

Manipulating waves with LEGO® bricks: A versatile experimental platform for metamaterial architectures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Celli, Paolo; Gonella, Stefano

2015-01-01

In this letter, we discuss a versatile, fully reconfigurable experimental platform for the investigation of phononic phenomena in metamaterial architectures. The approach revolves around the use of 3D laser vibrometry to reconstruct global and local wavefield features in specimens obtained through simple arrangements of LEGO ® bricks on a thin baseplate. The agility by which it is possible to reconfigure the brick patterns into a nearly endless spectrum of topologies makes this an effective approach for rapid experimental proof of concept, as well as a powerful didactic tool, in the arena of phononic crystals and metamaterials engineering. We use our platform to provide a compelling visual illustration of important spatial wave manipulation effects (waveguiding and seismic isolation), and to elucidate fundamental dichotomies between Bragg-based and locally resonant bandgap mechanisms

Manipulating waves with LEGO bricks: A versatile experimental platform for metamaterial architectures

Science.gov (United States)

Celli, Paolo; Gonella, Stefano

2015-08-01

In this letter, we discuss a versatile, fully reconfigurable experimental platform for the investigation of phononic phenomena in metamaterial architectures. The approach revolves around the use of 3D laser vibrometry to reconstruct global and local wavefield features in specimens obtained through simple arrangements of LEGO® bricks on a thin baseplate. The agility by which it is possible to reconfigure the brick patterns into a nearly endless spectrum of topologies makes this an effective approach for rapid experimental proof of concept, as well as a powerful didactic tool, in the arena of phononic crystals and metamaterials engineering. We use our platform to provide a compelling visual illustration of important spatial wave manipulation effects (waveguiding and seismic isolation), and to elucidate fundamental dichotomies between Bragg-based and locally resonant bandgap mechanisms.

Chemical tools: epoxic resins; Herramientas quimicas: resinas epoxidicas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Paz, S.; Pazos, M.; Prendes, P.

1998-10-01

Epoxy resins are very useful products for different applications in different fields. Due to the fact that they are a highly versatile products they can be considered as chemical tools. However the epoxy resins must be correctly formulated in order to obtain the final properties. In this article an easy and reliable method to optimise the energy formulation is presented. (Author)

Análise da abordagem territorial rural no Território Portal da Amazônia: exemplo de Terra Nova do Norte, Mato Grosso

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Deonice Maria Castanha Lovato

2017-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo discorre sobre os Territórios da Cidadania, destacando o Território Portal da Amazônia, e busca estabelecer a relação do enfoque territorial com a abordagem do desenvolvimento rural. Os objetivos são a análise do enfoque territorial rural, a caracterização do Território Portal da Amazônia, a compreensão do Projeto Terranova e a contextualização do município de Terra Nova do Norte no Território Portal da Amazônia. A metodologia contou com revisão bibliográfica de autores que abordam o tema e entrevistas semiestruturadas com a comunidade pesquisada. Na etapa final, os dados teóricos e empíricos foram sistematizados. A presente pesquisa, a partir do movimento do singular e do universal na sociedade capitalista, permite afirmar que a ressignificação do espaço rural mediante a criação de Territórios da Cidadania é um meio para descentralizar as ações do Governo Federal e minimizar a questão da exclusão social de pequenos proprietários rurais, em que o meio rural desempenha funções que respondem às necessidades atuais colocadas pelo capital.

Fordlândia e Belterra: as cidades de Henry Ford na Amazônia

OpenAIRE

Duarte Jr., Antonio Marcos; UERJ & Ibmec/RJ

2015-01-01

Ao final de 1945, a Ford Motor Company apresenta sérios problemas de gestão. Nesse contexto, Henry Ford II precisa decidir o que fazer com Fordlândia e Belterra, as duas problemáticas cidades construídas por seu avô na Amazônia brasileira.O caso foi elaborado para utilização em disciplinas na área de finanças corporativas, abordando temas relacionados a análise econômica e de riscos presentes em projetos de investimento.  Pode ser interessante também em diferentes disciplinas que tratem de te...

Alkynes as a versatile platform for construction of chemical molecular complexity and realization of molecular 3D printing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Galkin, K I; Ananikov, V P

2016-01-01

The current level of scientific and technological development requires the formation of general tools and techniques. One of the most versatile technologies is 3D printing, which allows fast and efficient creation of materials and biological objects of desired shape and composition. Today, methods have been developed for 3D printing of macro- and nano-sized objects and for production of films and deposited materials with molecular precision but the most promising technology is printing at the molecular level (molecular 3D printing) for the purpose of direct construction of molecular complexity. This process is currently at the initial stage concerning selection of simple molecules to be used as building blocks possessing flexibility, availability and ease of modification. In this review, we examine the possible versatile synthons suitable for preparation of the main types of organic compounds using molecular 3D printing. The surveyed data strongly indicate that alkyne molecules may be used as a building material in a molecular 3D printer working on hydrocarbons. The bibliography includes 428 references

Imidazolide monolayers for versatile reactive microcontact printing

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hsu, S.H.; Reinhoudt, David; Huskens, Jurriaan; Velders, Aldrik

2008-01-01

Imidazolide monolayers prepared from the reaction of amino SAMs with N,N-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) are used as a versatile platform for surface patterning with amino-, carboxyl- and alcohol-containing compounds through reactive microcontact printing (µCP). To demonstrate the surface reactivity of

Genome engineering via homologous recombination in mouse embryonic stem (ES cells: an amazingly versatile tool for the study of mammalian biology

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BABINET CHARLES

2001-01-01

Full Text Available The ability to introduce genetic modifications in the germ line of complex organisms has been a long-standing goal of those who study developmental biology. In this regard, the mouse, a favorite model for the study of the mammals, is unique: indeed not only is it possible since the late seventies, to add genes to the mouse genome like in several other complex organisms but also to perform gene replacement and modification. This has been made possible via two technological breakthroughs: 1 the isolation and culture of embryonic stem cells (ES, which have the unique ability to colonize all the tissues of an host embryo including its germ line; 2 the development of methods allowing homologous recombination between an incoming DNA and its cognate chromosomal sequence (gene ''targeting''. As a result, it has become possible to create mice bearing null mutations in any cloned gene (knock-out mice. Such a possibility has revolutionized the genetic approach of almost all aspects of the biology of the mouse. In recent years, the scope of gene targeting has been widened even more, due to the refinement of the knock-out technology: other types of genetic modifications may now be created, including subtle mutations (point mutations, micro deletions or insertions, etc. and chromosomal rearrangements such as large deletions, duplications and translocations. Finally, methods have been devised which permit the creation of conditional mutations, allowing the study of gene function throughout the life of an animal, when gene inactivation entails embryonic lethality. In this paper, we present an overview of the methods and scenarios used for the programmed modification of mouse genome, and we underline their enormous interest for the study of mammalian biology.

Angular approach combined to mechanical model for tool breakage detection by eddy current sensors

OpenAIRE

Ritou , Mathieu; Garnier , Sébastien; Furet , Benoît; Hascoët , Jean-Yves

2014-01-01

International audience; The paper presents a new complete approach for Tool Condition Monitoring (TCM) in milling. The aim is the early detection of small damages so that catastrophic tool failures are prevented. A versatile in-process monitoring system is introduced for reliability concerns. The tool condition is determined by estimates of the radial eccentricity of the teeth. An adequate criterion is proposed combining mechanical model of milling and angular approach. Then, a new solution i...

Algoritmo para monitoramento da incidência da malária na Amazônia brasileira, 2003 a 2010

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Rui Moreira Braz

2014-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar um algoritmo para detecção da variação da incidência da malária nos municípios da Amazônia brasileira. MÉTODOS: Avaliou-se um sistema de monitoramento automatizado, baseado em um algoritmo desenvolvido anteriormente pelos autores. O algoritmo utiliza o diagrama de controle por quartis para classificação dos municípios em quatro grupos, conforme a variação da incidência da malária: grupo 1 (redução da incidência-aqueles com incidência abaixo dos valores esperados; grupo 2 (incidência esperada-aqueles com incidência dentro dos valores esperados; grupo 3 (epidemia-aqueles com incidência acima dos valores esperados; grupo 4 (caso esporádico-aqueles com apenas um caso durante o ano. O período de análise foi de 2003 a 2010. Foram estudados todos os municípios existentes nos nove estados que compõem a Amazônia brasileira (805 municípios em 2003 e 807 a partir de 2004. RESULTADOS: Com base nessa metodologia, os municípios da região foram assim classificados: grupo 1, 152 municípios (18,8% da região em 2003 e 109 (13,5% em 2010; grupo 2, 206 (25,6% em 2003 e 331 (41,0% em 2010; grupo 3, 391 (48,6% em 2003 e 308 (38,2% em 2010; e grupo 4, 56 (7,0% em 2003 e 59 (7,3% em 2010. CONCLUSÕES: O algoritmo possibilitou verificar que, na Amazônia brasileira, o número de municípios com epidemias de malária em 2010 diminuiu em relação a 2003, enquanto o número de municípios com incidência esperada aumentou. No mesmo período, houve pouca variação no número de municípios com redução da incidência e daqueles com casos esporádicos.

Fisiologia de espécies florestais da Amazônia: fotossíntese, respiração e relações hídricas

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Ricardo Antonio Marenco

2014-12-01

Full Text Available A bacia amazônica tem mais de seis milhões de quilômetros quadrados e abriga a maior floresta tropical do mundo, sendo particularmente importante pela sua biodiversidade e pelo seu papel na ciclagem de água e carbono. Fotossíntese, condutância estomática e fluxo de seiva de espécies florestais da Amazônia apresentam variação ao longo do dia seguindo a variação diurna observada na irradiância, temperatura e o déficit de pressão de vapor. Em decorrência da fotorrespiração, cerca de 25% do carbono fixado é retornado para a atmosfera. Os aumentos na concentração de CO2 na atmosfera previstos para as próximas décadas poderão apresentar efeito positivo na assimilação de carbono deste ecossistema florestal. Em comparação à época chuvosa, redução da umidade do solo e aumento no déficit de pressão de vapor (associado à baixa umidade do ar e alta temperatura favorecem o fechamento dos estômatos em detrimento da fotossíntese. Desse modo, em comparação com a estação chuvosa, a fotossíntese líquida é menor no período seco. No geral, na Amazônia as árvores que atingem o dossel da floresta crescem a taxas maiores na época chuvosa. Exceto em anos de menor precipitação, o ecossistema florestal atua como sumidouro de carbono na época chuvosa. Mais estudos são necessários para determinar como e de que forma fatores específicos do ambiente físico influenciam a assimilação de carbono e o crescimento de árvores nos diversos grupos funcionais na Amazônia.

O ativismo transnacional pela Amazônia: entre a ecologia política e o ambientalismo de resultados

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andréa Zhouri

2006-06-01

Full Text Available A Amazônia tem constituído um dos mais relevantes temas para o ativismo transnacional desde a década de 1970. Nos anos 1980, partindo do princípio de que o consumo de madeira pelos países do Norte seria a principal causa do desflorestamento amazônico, as campanhas centraram foco primordialmente no comércio madeireiro, com ênfase especial no boicote à madeira tropical por parte de consumidores europeus e norte-americanos. Os anos 1990, contudo, registraram uma mudança paradigmática, a qual vem orientando, desde então, as políticas florestais. Influenciados por determinado discurso hegemônico sobre "desenvolvimento sustentável", ambientalistas treinados no campo da engenharia florestal e em áreas correlatas foram guiados pela crença de que poderiam influenciar o comércio madeireiro em direção a práticas menos predatórias. Com isso, as ONGs associaram-se ao setor madeireiro para o desenvolvimento de um esquema de certificação florestal conhecido como Forest Stewardship Council - FSC, ou Conselho de Manejo Florestal, destinado a melhorar as práticas florestais em todo o mundo. Influente junto ao Banco Mundial, o foco na chamada "vocação florestal" da Amazônia tem, no entanto, apresentado resultados questionáveis no que diz respeito à sustentabilidade das sociedades e ecossistemas locais. Este artigo discute algumas das dimensões dessa nova política para a Amazônia que, orientada por uma perspectiva de mercado, torna invisível a diversidade de culturas e ecossistemas locais, distanciando-se, nesse sentido, de uma racionalidade ambiental que se pauta na justiça ambiental como vetor da sustentabilidade.The Amazon Rainforest is one of the most important topics of transnational activism. Based on the assumption that the consumption of timber in the Northern hemisphere is largely responsible for deforestation, campaigners have focused on the global timber trade. From a strategy of boycotting tropical timber in the 1980s

True-slime-mould-inspired hydrostatically coupled oscillator system exhibiting versatile behaviours

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Umedachi, Takuya; Ito, Kentaro; Idei, Ryo; Ishiguro, Akio

2013-01-01

Behavioural diversity is an indispensable attribute of living systems, which makes them intrinsically adaptive and responsive to the demands of a dynamically changing environment. In contrast, conventional engineering approaches struggle to suppress behavioural diversity in artificial systems to reach optimal performance in given environments for desired tasks. The goals of this research include understanding the essential mechanism that endows living systems with behavioural diversity and implementing the mechanism in robots to exhibit adaptive behaviours. For this purpose, we have focused on an amoeba-like unicellular organism: the plasmodium of true slime mould. Despite the absence of a central nervous system, the plasmodium exhibits versatile spatiotemporal oscillatory patterns and switches spontaneously among these patterns. By exploiting this behavioural diversity, it is able to exhibit adaptive behaviour according to the situation encountered. Inspired by this organism, we built a real physical robot using hydrostatically coupled oscillators that produce versatile oscillatory patterns and spontaneous transitions among the patterns. The experimental results show that exploiting physical hydrostatic interplay—the physical dynamics of the robot—allows simple phase oscillators to promote versatile behaviours. The results can contribute to an understanding of how a living system generates versatile and adaptive behaviours with physical interplays among body parts. (paper)

Development of Simulator Configuration Tool

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nedrelid, Olav; Pettersen, Geir

1996-01-01

The main objective of the development of a Simulator Configuration Tool (SCT) is to achieve faster and more efficient production of dynamic simulators. Through application of versatile graphical interfaces, the simulator builder should be able to configure different types of simulators including full-scope process simulators. The SCT should be able to serve different simulator environments. The configuration tool communicates with simulator execution environments through a TCP/IP-based interface, Communication with a Model Server System developed at Institutt for energiteknikk has been established and used as test case. The system consists of OSF/Motif dialogues for operations requiring textual input, list selections etc., and uses the Picasso-3 User Interface Management System to handle presentation of static and dynamic graphical information. (author)

Guinea Pigs: Versatile Animals for the Classroom

Science.gov (United States)

Barman, Charles R.

1977-01-01

Guinea pigs are presented as versatile classroom animals. Suggestions for animal behavior and genetics studies are given. Also included is information concerning sex determination and the breeding of guinea pigs, and hints on keeping these animals in the classroom. References and illustrations complete the article. (MA)

Adding tools to the open source toolbox: The Internet

Science.gov (United States)

Porth, Tricia

1994-01-01

The Internet offers researchers additional sources of information not easily available from traditional sources such as print volumes or commercial data bases. Internet tools such as e-mail and file transfer protocol (ftp) speed up the way researchers communicate and transmit data. Mosaic, one of the newest additions to the Internet toolbox, allows users to combine tools such as ftp, gopher, wide area information server, and the world wide web with multimedia capabilities. Mosaic has quickly become a popular means of making information available on the Internet because it is versatile and easily customizable.

Spin-Projected Matrix Product States: Versatile Tool for Strongly Correlated Systems.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Zhendong; Chan, Garnet Kin-Lic

2017-06-13

, which are simple to implement with MPS. To illustrate the versatility of SP-MPS, we formulate algorithms for the optimization of ground and excited states, develop perturbation theory based on SP-MPS, and describe how to evaluate spin-independent and spin-dependent properties such as the reduced density matrices. We demonstrate the numerical performance of SP-MPS with applications to several models typical of strong correlation, including the Hubbard model, and [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] model complexes.

Low-energy electron beam proximity projection lithography (LEEPL): the world's first e-beam production tool, LEEPL 3000

Science.gov (United States)

Behringer, Uwe F. W.

2004-06-01

In June 2000 ago the company Accretech and LEEPL corporation decided to develop an E-beam lithography tool for high throughput wafer exposure, called LEEPL. In an amazing short time the alpha tool was built. In 2002 the beta tool was installed at Accretech. Today the first production tool the LEEPL 3000 is ready to be shipped. The 2keV E-beam tool will be used in the first lithography strategy to expose (in mix and match mode with optical exposure tools) critical levels like gate structures, contact holes (CH), and via pattern of the 90 nm and 65 nm node. At the SEMATECH EPL workshop on September 22nd in Cambridge, England it was mentioned that the amount of these levels will increase very rapidly (8 in 2007; 13 in 2010 and 17 in 2013). The schedule of the production tool for 45 nm node is mid 2005 and for the 32 nm node 2008. The Figure 1 shows from left to right α-tool, the β-tool and the production tool LEEPL 3000. Figure 1 also shows the timetable of the 4 LEEPL forum all held in Japan.

Connecting Leadership and Learning: Do Versatile Learners make Connective Leaders?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jill L. Robinson

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Recent failures in leadership, suggest that creating better-quality leadership development programs is critical. In moving from theory to practice, this paper examined the relationship between learning style and leadership style which may enable us to move away from one-size-fits-all leadership development programs. Utilizing Kolb’s Experiential Learning Model and Connective Leadership theory, approximately 3600 college students were analyzed to discover whether versatility in learning styles translates into versatility in leadership styles. One group of versatile learners reported using a wider range of leadership styles suggesting that learning flexibility may transfer to leadership flexibility. Surprisingly, learners of all types reported utilizing Power and Intrinsic styles of leadership above all others. Implications for leadership development include considering individual differences when crafting leadership programs, matching learning styles to leader training, and the need to move beyond one set of leadership behaviors to increase flexibility in dealing with complex situations. Using a large sample rarely seen in management studies, this paper makes key contributions to the literature. 

Perfil refracional dos présbitas na Amazônia brasileira

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cláudia Maria Osório Chaves

2013-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar o perfil refracional dos présbitas na Amazônia ocidental brasileira, estabelecendo-se como piloto a cidade de Manaus e nove das sessenta e uma cidades do interior do estado do Amazonas. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo dos prontuários de 8.225 pacientes. Foram examinadas pessoas maiores de 40 anos, em 10 cidades do estado do Amazonas (Manaus e 09 municípios da hinterlândia, no período de setembro/2008 a dezembro/2011. Os dados foram classificados por faixa etária, sexo, atividade econômica (aposentados ou não, tipo de ametropia e acuidade visual para longe e perto com e sem correção. O método consistiu no exame oftalmológico de rotina que incluiu o exame de refração. A análise estatística dos dados utilizou estudos quantitativos. RESULTADOS: Dos pacientes atendidos, 53,0% eram do sexo feminino; a faixa etária mais prevalente era de 51 a 60 anos; 66,0% não são aposentados e ainda desenvolvem alguma atividade laborativa; a maior prevalência das ametropias registrada foi de astigmatismos diversos (43,0% e a acuidade visual para longe, sem correção, foi de 15,0% com 20/200 e, com correção, foi de 45,0% com 20/30 ou mais; em relação à visão para perto, a acuidade visual foi de 40,0% para J6, sem correção e, de 82,0% para J2 e J1, com correção; as adições utilizadas em 75,0% foram de +2,50 dioptrias ou mais; e 52,0% dos atendimentos foram realizados em Manaus. CONCLUSÃO: Esta pesquisa, ao examinar populações pobres da Amazônia brasileira, corrobora que a falta de óculos para corrigir a visão para perto constitui-se em importante problema de saúde pública nas pessoas acima dos 40 anos, principalmente naquelas que têm dificuldade de acesso a serviços de Oftalmologia.

Núcleos coloniais e agricultura na Amazônia Imperial: uso e ocupação da terra

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francivaldo Alves Nunes

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Fomento a produção, reforma das técnicas agrícolas, intensificação dos sistemas produtivos e aumento da produtividade são algumas diretrizes recorrentes nos projetos de reformulação da agricultura desenvolvidos no Brasil no período Imperial. Na Amazônia a criação dos Núcleos Coloniais, na segunda metade do século XIX, constituem ações governamentais que buscam atender essas demandas. Analisar os elementos que estimulam a formação das Colônias Agrícolas e que nos ajuda a pensar a constituição de paisagens agrárias e os processos de apropriação da terra é a tarefa que nos ocupamos nesta comunicação; entendendo que, além de uma questão de consumo e produção, os Núcleos Coloniais na Amazônia se evidenciaram como espaços de experimentação de novas técnicas produtivas, melhor aproveitamento da terra, do exercício de domínio das matas, promoção do povoamento e disciplinarização dos sujeitos sociais envolvidos na construção deste espaço.

Unsupervised Full-Polarimetric SAR Data Segmentation as a Tool for Classification of Agricultural Areas

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hoekman, D.H.; Vissers, M.A.M.; Tran, T.N.

2011-01-01

Versatile, robust and computational efficient methods for radar image segmentation, which preserve the full polarimetric information content, are of importance as research tools, as well as for practical applications in land surface monitoring. The method introduced here consists of several steps.

Customer Experience Marketing : Concepts and Tools

OpenAIRE

Kalaoja, Petteri

2015-01-01

This work studies what Customer Experience Management (CEM) is and how it can be implemented in modern marketing with an emphasis on B2C. This work takes a look into the concepts which are needed to achieve a versatile CEM approach. The tools and technologies that are needed to operate the CEM concept are also evaluated. This thesis explains that a Customer Experience Management strategy consists of a certain combination of concepts. These concepts usually include customer data, data-driv...

FELs, nice toys or efficient tools?

CERN Document Server

Van der Meer, Alex F G

2004-01-01

An FEL is an intrinsically interesting device and pushing its performance presents a natural challenge to a physicist. Nonetheless, the main justification for doing FEL research is of course its potential as a unique, versatile source of radiation to be employed for something useful. After 25 years of FEL research, one may wonder how efficient these tools have become. In this paper, I will reflect on this issue from the perspective of 10 years of operation of FELIX as a user facility.

A CIDADANIA EM QUESTÃO: organizações regionais indígenas e TICs na Pan-Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

James León Parra Monsalve

2017-08-01

Full Text Available As passadas mobilizações que tiveram amplo suporte na internet como as da Primavera Árabe, no Egito, ou as de Junho de 2013, no Brasil, apontam novas configurações do ato conetivo nas redes digitais. Mas, deve-se dizer que um outro espaço-tempo é experimentado nas ações organizacionais indígenas, pois elas estão inseridas numa luta secular perante a subvaloração histórica dos seus fundamentos não-modernos. Neste trabalho apresentam-se alguns dos principais resultados de uma pesquisa desenvolvida entre 2011 e 2014 com a Associação Inter-étnica de Desenvolvimento da Selva Peruana (AIDESEP, a Confederação de Povos Indígenas do Oriente, Chaco e Amazônia da Bolívia (CIDOB e a Coordenação das Organizações Indígenas da Amazônia Brasileira (COIAB.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Organizações Indígenas Amazônicas; TICs; Cidadania.     ABSTRACT Past mobilizations that had broad support on the Internet as the Arab Spring in Egypt or June 2013 in Brazil suggest new configurations of connective act on digital networks. But it must be said that another space-time is experienced in indigenous organizational actions because they are embedded in a secular struggle against the historical undervaluation of its non-modern foundations. This paper presents some of the main results of a research conducted between 2011 and 2014 with the Inter-ethnic Association of Peruvian Rainforest Development (AIDESEP, the Confederation of Indigenous Peoples of the East, Chaco and Amazon of Bolivia (CIDOB and the Coordination of Indigenous Organizations of the Brazilian Amazon (COIAB.   KEYWORDS: Amazon Indigenous Organizations; ICT; Citizenship.     RESUMEN Las pasadas movilizaciones que tuvieron amplio soporte en internet como las de la Primavera Árabe, en Egipto, o las de Junio de 2013, en Brasil, apuntan nuevas configuraciones del acto conectivo en las redes digitales. Pero, se debe decir que otro espacio-tiempo experimentan las acciones

A Versatile Nonlinear Method for Predictive Modeling

Science.gov (United States)

Liou, Meng-Sing; Yao, Weigang

2015-01-01

As computational fluid dynamics techniques and tools become widely accepted for realworld practice today, it is intriguing to ask: what areas can it be utilized to its potential in the future. Some promising areas include design optimization and exploration of fluid dynamics phenomena (the concept of numerical wind tunnel), in which both have the common feature where some parameters are varied repeatedly and the computation can be costly. We are especially interested in the need for an accurate and efficient approach for handling these applications: (1) capturing complex nonlinear dynamics inherent in a system under consideration and (2) versatility (robustness) to encompass a range of parametric variations. In our previous paper, we proposed to use first-order Taylor expansion collected at numerous sampling points along a trajectory and assembled together via nonlinear weighting functions. The validity and performance of this approach was demonstrated for a number of problems with a vastly different input functions. In this study, we are especially interested in enhancing the method's accuracy; we extend it to include the second-orer Taylor expansion, which however requires a complicated evaluation of Hessian matrices for a system of equations, like in fluid dynamics. We propose a method to avoid these Hessian matrices, while maintaining the accuracy. Results based on the method are presented to confirm its validity.

Human-scale interaction for virtual model displays: a clear case for real tools

Science.gov (United States)

Williams, George C.; McDowall, Ian E.; Bolas, Mark T.

1998-04-01

We describe a hand-held user interface for interacting with virtual environments displayed on a Virtual Model Display. The tool, constructed entirely of transparent materials, is see-through. We render a graphical counterpart of the tool on the display and map it one-to-one with the real tool. This feature, combined with a capability for touch- sensitive, discrete input, results in a useful spatial input device that is visually versatile. We discuss the tool's design and interaction techniques it supports. Briefly, we look at the human factors issues and engineering challenges presented by this tool and, in general, by the class of hand-held user interfaces that are see-through.

Peptides in headlock--a novel high-affinity and versatile peptide-binding nanobody for proteomics and microscopy.

Science.gov (United States)

Braun, Michael B; Traenkle, Bjoern; Koch, Philipp A; Emele, Felix; Weiss, Frederik; Poetz, Oliver; Stehle, Thilo; Rothbauer, Ulrich

2016-01-21

Nanobodies are highly valuable tools for numerous bioanalytical and biotechnical applications. Here, we report the characterization of a nanobody that binds a short peptide epitope with extraordinary affinity. Structural analysis reveals an unusual binding mode where the extended peptide becomes part of a β-sheet structure in the nanobody. This interaction relies on sequence-independent backbone interactions augmented by a small number of specificity-determining side chain contacts. Once bound, the peptide is fastened by two nanobody side chains that clamp it in a headlock fashion. Exploiting this unusual binding mode, we generated a novel nanobody-derived capture and detection system. Matrix-coupled nanobody enables the fast and efficient isolation of epitope-tagged proteins from prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems. Additionally, the fluorescently labeled nanobody visualizes subcellular structures in different cellular compartments. The high-affinity-binding and modifiable peptide tag of this system renders it a versatile and robust tool to combine biochemical analysis with microscopic studies.

Quantum-beam technology: A versatile tool for developing polymer electrolyte fuel-cell membranes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yamaki, Tetsuya [Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292 (Japan)

2010-09-15

This paper describes the versatile application of quantum beam-based technology to the development of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) for fuel-cell applications. The {gamma}-ray or electron-beam induced radiation grafting offers a way to prepare PEMs; typically, the radical-initiated polymerization of a styrene or styrene-derivative monomer on a base polymer is followed by a sulfonation step. Novel PEMs were previously obtained using radiation-crosslinked fluoropolymers as the base material. Interestingly, combining this radiation-crosslinking process with the well-known chemical crosslinker method enabled one to obtain the ''multiply''-crosslinked PEMs, in which both the main and grafted chains have covalently bridged structures leading to a high durability. The bombardment of heavy ions accelerated to MeV or higher energies produces a continuous trail of excited and ionized molecules in polymers, which is known as a latent track. The approach using this ion-track technology is based on the chemical etching and/or modification of each track with diameters of tens to hundreds of nanometers. The resulting ''nano-structure controlled'' PEM was found to have perfect one-dimensional proton-conductive pathways parallel to its thickness direction, while, in contrast, other existing PEMs mostly exhibited proton transport in the three-dimensional random media. The hierarchical structures of the PEMs, ranging from nanometers to micrometers, were revealed by small-angle neutron scattering experiments using a cold or thermal neutron beam. The information in such a wide length scale led to a deep insight into the dynamic properties inside the PEM from a molecular to macroscopic level, which can provide feedback for the reconsideration and optimization of the preparation procedure. As demonstrated above in the author's studies, it is important to understand that every quantum beam is different, thereby making the right beam choice

Versatile secondary beam for the meson area

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kirk, T.

1982-03-01

A new secondary beam design is outlined for the Meson M6 Beamline that combines versatility with economy. The beamline described will transport charged particles of either sign to 800 GeV/c and bring the beam to a focus in one of three potential experimental areas. The plan makes maximal use of existing civil construction

Versatile Chemical Derivatizations to Design Glycol Chitosan-Based Drug Carriers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sung Eun Kim

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Glycol chitosan (GC and its derivatives have been extensively investigated as safe and effective drug delivery carriers because of their unique physiochemical and biological properties. The reactive functional groups such as the amine and hydroxyl groups on the GC backbone allow for easy chemical modification with various chemical compounds (e.g., hydrophobic molecules, crosslinkers, and acid-sensitive and labile molecules, and the versatility in chemical modifications enables production of a wide range of GC-based drug carriers. This review summarizes the versatile chemical modification methods that can be used to design GC-based drug carriers and describes their recent applications in disease therapy.

fcGENE: a versatile tool for processing and transforming SNP datasets.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nab Raj Roshyara

Full Text Available Modern analysis of high-dimensional SNP data requires a number of biometrical and statistical methods such as pre-processing, analysis of population structure, association analysis and genotype imputation. Software used for these purposes often rely on specific and incompatible input and output data formats. Therefore extensive data management including multiple format conversions is necessary during analyses.In order to support fast and efficient management and bio-statistical quality control of high-dimensional SNP data, we developed the publically available software fcGENE using C++ object-oriented programming language. This software simplifies and automates the use of different existing analysis packages, especially during the workflow of genotype imputations and corresponding analyses.fcGENE transforms SNP data and imputation results into different formats required for a large variety of analysis packages such as PLINK, SNPTEST, HAPLOVIEW, EIGENSOFT, GenABEL and tools used for genotype imputation such as MaCH, IMPUTE, BEAGLE and others. Data Management tasks like merging, splitting, extracting SNP and pedigree information can be performed. fcGENE also supports a number of bio-statistical quality control processes and quality based filtering processes at SNP- and sample-wise level. The tool also generates templates of commands required to run specific software packages, especially those required for genotype imputation. We demonstrate the functionality of fcGENE by example workflows of SNP data analyses and provide a comprehensive manual of commands, options and applications.We have developed a user-friendly open-source software fcGENE, which comprehensively supports SNP data management, quality control and analysis workflows. Download statistics and corresponding feedbacks indicate that software is highly recognised and extensively applied by the scientific community.

Dureza Rockwell da madeira de três espécies amazônicas submetidas a ensaios de apodrecimento acelerado Rockwell hardness of the wood of three Amazon species submitted to decay accelerated tests

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diego Martins Stangerlin

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o emprego de ensaios de dureza Rockwell na caracterização da biodeterioração das madeiras de Simarouba amara (marupá, Cariniana micrantha (jequitibá e Dipteryx odorata (cumaru, submetidas ao ataque dos fungos apodrecedores Trametes versicolor (podridão branca e Gloeophyllum trabeum (podridão parda. Para tanto, corpos de prova de cada espécie amazônica foram submetidos a ensaios de apodrecimento acelerado, de acordo com a ASTM D2017 (2005, durante 20 semanas. A caracterização da dureza Rockwell foi realizada semanalmente até a 4ª semana e, posteriormente, a cada duas semanas, até a 20ª semana. Adicionalmente, foram determinadas as perdas de massa, conforme critérios estabelecidos pela ASTM D2017 (2005. Quanto aos resultados, destaca-se que a dureza Rockwell pode ser empregada como ferramenta principal na caracterização da biodeterioração da madeira, sendo sensível na predição dos estágios iniciais. Dentre as madeiras amazônicas, o cumaru apresentou a maior resistência natural aos fungos apodrecedores. Com relação aos fungos, a podridão parda atacou mais intensamente as três madeiras amazônicas.This study aimed to evaluate the use of Rockwell hardness in the characterization of the biodeterioration of Simarouba amara (marupá, Cariniana micrantha (jequitibá e Dipteryx odorata (cumaru woods, which were submitted to decay fungi Trametes versicolor (white rot and Gloeophyllum trabeum (brown rot. For this purpose, specimens of each Amazon species were submitted to decay fungi, according to ASTM D2017 (2005. The characterization of the Rockwell hardness was performed weekly until the fourth week, and then every two weeks until the twentieth week. Additionally, it was determined the mass loss, according to criteria established by ASTM D2017 (2005. The results indicated that the Rockwell hardness can be used as a primary tool in the characterization of the biodeterioration of wood, being sensitive in

Computerised weld strength testing machine for PHWR fuel elements with a versatile control system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gupta, U.C.; Sastry, V.S.; Rasheed, Jawad; Bibawe, S.R.

1994-01-01

Spacer pads and bearing pads are resistance spot welded on PHWR fuel elements to ensure inter-element gap for coolant flow. These welds are subjected to destructive tests as per SQC specifications while qualifying a machine and during production. The testing machine used earlier over the years was tedious involving manual operations of clamping, tool actuation, increasing and decreasing the pressure, referring to charts and statistical calculations. To carry out the destructive testing of the welds conveniently and reliably, an automatic machine is developed in-house in which are incorporated a quartz force transducer and a computerized data-acquisition and processing system together with a very versatile electronic control system based on a single-chip microcomputer. This paper describes the salient features of the machine and the control system. (author). 4 figs

Manipulating waves with LEGO{sup ®} bricks: A versatile experimental platform for metamaterial architectures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Celli, Paolo, E-mail: pcelli@umn.edu; Gonella, Stefano, E-mail: sgonella@umn.edu [Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo- Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 (United States)

2015-08-24

In this letter, we discuss a versatile, fully reconfigurable experimental platform for the investigation of phononic phenomena in metamaterial architectures. The approach revolves around the use of 3D laser vibrometry to reconstruct global and local wavefield features in specimens obtained through simple arrangements of LEGO{sup ®} bricks on a thin baseplate. The agility by which it is possible to reconfigure the brick patterns into a nearly endless spectrum of topologies makes this an effective approach for rapid experimental proof of concept, as well as a powerful didactic tool, in the arena of phononic crystals and metamaterials engineering. We use our platform to provide a compelling visual illustration of important spatial wave manipulation effects (waveguiding and seismic isolation), and to elucidate fundamental dichotomies between Bragg-based and locally resonant bandgap mechanisms.

Research and development of a versatile portable speech prosthesis

Science.gov (United States)

1981-01-01

The Versatile Portable Speech Prosthesis (VPSP), a synthetic speech output communication aid for non-speaking people is described. It was intended initially for severely physically limited people with cerebral palsy who are in electric wheelchairs. Hence, it was designed to be placed on a wheelchair and powered from a wheelchair battery. It can easily be separated from the wheelchair. The VPSP is versatile because it is designed to accept any means of single switch, multiple switch, or keyboard control which physically limited people have the ability to use. It is portable because it is mounted on and can go with the electric wheelchair. It is a speech prosthesis, obviously, because it speaks with a synthetic voice for people unable to speak with their own voices. Both hardware and software are described.

Precipitação na bacia amazônica e sua associação à variabilidade da temperatura da superfície dos oceanos Pacífico e Atlântico: uma revisão

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leila Limberger

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Estudos sobre variabilidade climática caracterizam-se como de grande importância para os estudos geográficos já que os extremos climáticos afetam diretamente as condições socioambientais. O presente estudo visa apresentar pesquisas já desenvolvidas sobre a variabilidade climática da chuva na bacia amazônica brasileira, dos oceanos adjacentes e sobre a inter-relação entre eles, com o objetivo de apresentar o estado da arte acerca do tema e contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estudos da área na ciência geográfica. O principal fenômeno que afeta a variabilidade da chuva na bacia amazônica é o ENOS, contribuindo para períodos mais secos quando da sua fase quente e períodos mais úmidos quando de sua fase fria. Também o Atlântico desempenha papel importante na variabilidade da precipitação, especialmente por modular o posicionamento da ZCIT e o transporte de umidade para a bacia amazônica. Artigos apresentados destacam também a importância de se compreender a retroalimentação entre os fenômenos que se desenvolvem no Pacífico e Atlântico, demonstrando que se trata de processos altamente acoplados e de grande complexidade, tanto no seu funcionamento quanto nos efeitos que causam na hidrologia da bacia amazônica. Pode-se concluir que as teleconexões entre a temperatura da superfície do mar e a variabilidade das chuvas na bacia amazônica constituem um tema de grande pertinência e que várias lacunas do conhecimento ainda precisam ser preenchidas.

Peptides in headlock – a novel high-affinity and versatile peptide-binding nanobody for proteomics and microscopy

Science.gov (United States)

Braun, Michael B.; Traenkle, Bjoern; Koch, Philipp A.; Emele, Felix; Weiss, Frederik; Poetz, Oliver; Stehle, Thilo; Rothbauer, Ulrich

2016-01-01

Nanobodies are highly valuable tools for numerous bioanalytical and biotechnical applications. Here, we report the characterization of a nanobody that binds a short peptide epitope with extraordinary affinity. Structural analysis reveals an unusual binding mode where the extended peptide becomes part of a β-sheet structure in the nanobody. This interaction relies on sequence-independent backbone interactions augmented by a small number of specificity-determining side chain contacts. Once bound, the peptide is fastened by two nanobody side chains that clamp it in a headlock fashion. Exploiting this unusual binding mode, we generated a novel nanobody-derived capture and detection system. Matrix-coupled nanobody enables the fast and efficient isolation of epitope-tagged proteins from prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems. Additionally, the fluorescently labeled nanobody visualizes subcellular structures in different cellular compartments. The high-affinity-binding and modifiable peptide tag of this system renders it a versatile and robust tool to combine biochemical analysis with microscopic studies. PMID:26791954

Propeller Flap for Complex Distal Leg Reconstruction: A Versatile ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

equipment, cost, steep learning curve, and prolonged operating ... A Versatile Alternative when Reverse Sural Artery Flap is .... He had wound debridement, fracture reduction, and .... flaps that were raised in the patient and the logistics of limb.

Versatile Link PLUS transceiver development

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soós, C.; Détraz, S.; Olanterä, L.; Sigaud, C.; Troska, J.; Vasey, F.; Zeiler, M.

2017-01-01

The Versatile Link PLUS project targets the phase II upgrades of the ATLAS and CMS experiments. It will develop a radiation resistant optical link, operating at up to 10 Gb/s in the upstream and up to 5 Gb/s in the downstream directions with a smaller footprint and higher channel count than its predecessor. A low-profile package is being developed that allows volume production at reduced costs, but which nevertheless can be configured to suit the individual channel count needs of different detectors. This paper describes the development strategies and summarizes the status of the feasibility demonstration phase of the project.

Implementation of complex nanosystems using a versatile ultrahigh vacuum nonlithographic technique

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Das, Biswajit; Banerjee, Arghya

2007-01-01

We have developed an ultrahigh vacuum technique for the implementation of complex nanosystems incorporating nonlithographic nanoparticles, ohmic contact metals and isolation dielectrics. The technique is compatible with the silicon integrated circuit manufacturing process and is versatile, allowing the deposition of nanoparticles of any metal, semiconductor or insulator with diameters as small as 2 nm with less than 5% size variation. In addition, the technique allows the creation of multi-layered structures of nanoparticles of different dimensions. The flexibility and the versatility of the technique have been demonstrated by depositing nanoparticles of various materials as well as fabricating multi-layered structures incorporating nanoparticles

Changes in population and land use over time in the Ecuadorian Amazon Mudanças populacionais e de uso da terra na Amazônia Ecuatoriana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Richard E. Bilsborrow

2004-12-01

Full Text Available This paper draws upon a detailed longitudinal survey of households living on agricultural plots in the northern three provinces of the Ecuadorian Amazon, the principal region of colonization by migrants in Ecuador since the 1970s. Following the discovery of petroleum in 1967 near what has subsequently come to be the provincial capital and largest Amazonian city of Lago Agrio, oil companies built roads to lay pipelines to extract and pump oil across the Andes for export. As a result, for the past 30 years over half of both Ecuador's export earnings and government revenues have come from petroleum extracted from this region. But the roads also facilitated massive spontaneous in-migration of families from origin areas in the Ecuadorian Sierra, characterized by minifundia and rural poverty. This paper is about those migrants and their effects on the Amazonian landscape. We discuss the data collection methodology and summarize key results on settler characteristics and changes in population, land use, land ownership, technology, labor allocation, and living conditions, as well as the relationships between changes in population and changes in land use over time. The population in the study region has been growing rapidly due to both natural population growth (high fertility and in-migration. This has led to a dramatic process of subdivision and fragmentation of plots in the 1990's, which contrasts with the consolidation of plots that has occurred in most of the mature frontier areas of the Brazilian Amazon. This fragmentation has led to important changes in land tenure and land use, deforestation, cattle raising, labor allocation, and settler welfare.Este artigo baseia-se em uma pesquisa longitudinal sobre assentamentos agrícolas em três províncias no norte da Amazônia equatoriana, a principal região de colonização agrícola no país desde 1970. A partir da descoberta de reservas de petróleo em áreas próximas a Lago Agrio, capital provincial

Versatile by design

CERN Multimedia

Katarina Anthony

2014-01-01

CHARM (CERN High energy AcceleRator Mixed field) is a new and unique testing facility that will complete CERN's radiation testing installations. Located in the East Area, CHARM will provide teams with a venue to test their equipment in radiation environments similar to those found in the accelerator chain.   Team at work in the irradiation zone of the CHARM facility. First envisaged in 2007, the CHARM facility fulfils a growing demand for a large-scale tailor-made radiation testing facility. Unlike commercial facilities, CHARM features a wide spectrum of radiation types and energies (called mixed-field radiation environments), the space to test large equipment and even the possibility to adjust the environment using mobile shielding. "CHARM is versatile by design, allowing us to recreate any of the radiation environments found in the accelerator chain," says Markus Brugger, head of the R2E (Radiation to Electronics) project team that developed the CHARM facility. &a...

Folclore e medicina popular na Amazônia Folklore and popular medicine in the Amazon

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Márcio Couto Henrique

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Discute as relações entre folclore e medicina popular na Amazônia, tendo como referencial de análise o conto "Filhos do boto", de Canuto Azevedo. Aponta que os contos folclóricos estão saturados de elementos da realidade cultural e podem ser utilizados como testemunhos históricos que expressam embates entre diferentes tradições. Os registros folclóricos são fruto do diálogo muitas vezes conflituoso entre folcloristas, cientistas sociais, médicos, pajés e seus seguidores, e sua análise deve ser acompanhada de reflexão sobre as condições de sua produção. Neste caso específico, trata-se de refletir, com base no imaginário de sedução e cura em torno do boto, sobre a possibilidade de ampliar o conhecimento sobre a medicina popular praticada na Amazônia, região de forte presença da pajelança cabocla.This discussion of the relations between folklore and popular medicine in the Amazon takes Canuto Azevedo's story "Filhos do boto" (Children of the porpoise as an analytical reference point. Replete with elements of cultural reality, folk tales can serve as historical testimonies expressing clashes between different traditions. Folk records are fruit of what is often a quarrelsome dialogue between folklorists, social scientists, physicians, and pajés and their followers, and their analysis should take into account the conditions under which they were produced. Based on the imaginary attached to the figure of the porpoise - a seductive creature with healing powers - the article explores how we might expand knowledge of popular medicine as practiced in the Amazon, where the shamanistic rite known as pajelança cabocla has a strong presence.

Emissão de CO2 do transporte da madeira nativa da Amazônia

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Érica Ferraz Campos

Full Text Available A madeira aplicada à construção é considerada um estoque de carbono. O transporte na cadeia produtiva da madeira implica em emissão de CO2, reduzindo seu estoque líquido. Com base nos dados de 2007 do IBAMA sobre origem, destino e volume de madeira serrada amazônica transportada nacionalmente, a distância média percorrida foi estimada em 1.956km. Fatores de consumo de diesel entre 0,005L/t.km e 0,017L/t.km, equivalentes a fatores de emissão de 12,8gCO2/t.km a 50,6gCO2/t.km, foram identificados em literatura e levantamentos realizados neste estudo. Para quantificar a emissão de CO2, foram analisados quatro modelos de veículos, com diferentes capacidades de carga. A influência da densidade da madeira determinou uma variabilidade de até 210% no resultado final; o peso próprio do veículo, de 30 a 43%. Deslocamentos de 1.000km, com madeira serrada de diferentes densidades, representam entre 1,3 e 6,1% de redução do estoque de carbono da madeira; dados do GHG Protocol indicam valores entre 20,1% e 24,4%. Em 2007, o transporte legal de madeira serrada amazônica teria determinado consumo nacional de diesel estimado entre 0,16% e 0,56%; em termos de emissão nacional, assumindo o ano base de 2005, o resultado teria sido de 0,12% a 0,46%. O estoque líquido potencial, relativo à madeira serrada contabilizada na base DOF 2007 do IBAMA, considerando apenas a redução por transporte, teria potencialmente estocado entre 4,77 e 5,19 x106 tCO2.

Arranjos produtivos locais e biodiversidade na Amazônia: perspectivas do APL de Fitoterápicos e Fitocosméticos e resultados das iniciativas de apoio nos municípios de Manaquiri e Barreirinha - AM

OpenAIRE

Marcos Roberto dos Santos

2011-01-01

A importância de refletir sobre os temas amazônicos relativos ao meio ambiente, ao desenvolvimento regional e sua sustentabilidade, motivou este estudo que insere-se no debate sobre as estratégias territoriais recentes de uso e aproveitamento do patrimônio natural da biodiversidade na Amazônia. O foco da análise está dirigido ao processo de desenvolvimento do APL dos fitoterápicos e fitocosméticos localizado em Manaus, Barreirinha e Manaquiri, no estado do Amazonas. O trabalho identificou e a...

Synthesis of tetravalent actinide chlorides. Versatile compounds for actinide chemistry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Maerz, Juliane [Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Dresden (Germany). Div. Chemistry of the F-Elements

2016-07-01

Anhydrous actinide tetrachlorides (AnCl{sub 4}) were synthesized under mild conditions to provide versatile compounds for actinide chemistry. They enable a direct access to actinide complexes with organic and inorganic ligands.

Educação para a Arte na Amazônia: Caminhos como Vias de Escolhas

OpenAIRE

Machado, Vânia Leal

2017-01-01

ResumoEste trabalho se propõe a fazer um estudo que envolvem professores e alunos e incitam para a construção de interações entre museus, instituição Cultural e Escola. Investiga a mediação cultural entre arte e público nas suas múltiplas relações integrada aos segmentos do projeto curatorial do Arte Pará. Investiga o processo de ensino-aprendizagem da escola com foco nas práticas de experiências externas como caminhos de construção sobre um discurso de educação para arte na Amazônia.Abstract...

101 amazing sights of the night sky a guided tour for beginners

CERN Document Server

Moromisato, George

2017-01-01

Is there anything more wondrous and alluring than the night sky? You've seen the stars, and you know about the constellations--but there's so much more to discover! George Moromisato's magnificent full-color guide introduces you to 101 amazing sights, from Saturn's famous rings to the Andromeda Galaxy. Learn what to look for and when and where to find it! This astronomy book is perfect for beginners, so many objects can be seen with the unaided eye or binoculars, while others simply require a small telescope. Book Features: Guide to 101 phenomena and objects of the night sky, ranked by beauty, accessibility and historical importance Information about equipment needed, from binoculars to small telescopes Full-color photographs, including many from NASA Astrophotography tips on taking pictures of the night sky, such as snapping shots with a phone through a telescope Charts to know when to look for solar eclipses, meteor showers and other notable events.

Promoting versatility in mentor teachers’ use of supervisory skills

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Crasborn, F.J.A.J.; Hennissen, P.P.M.; Korthagen, F.A.J.; Bergen, T.C.M.

2008-01-01

Mentor teachers need a versatile supervisory skills repertoire. Besides taking the prevalent role of daily advisor and instructor, mentor teachers should also be able to stimulate reflection in student teachers. Video recordings of 60 mentoring dialogues were analysed, both before and after a mentor

Tattoo-Paper Transfer as a Versatile Platform for All-Printed Organic Edible Electronics.

Science.gov (United States)

Bonacchini, Giorgio E; Bossio, Caterina; Greco, Francesco; Mattoli, Virgilio; Kim, Yun-Hi; Lanzani, Guglielmo; Caironi, Mario

2018-04-01

The use of natural or bioinspired materials to develop edible electronic devices is a potentially disruptive technology that can boost point-of-care testing. The technology exploits devices that can be safely ingested, along with pills or even food, and operated from within the gastrointestinal tract. Ingestible electronics can potentially target a significant number of biomedical applications, both as therapeutic and diagnostic tool, and this technology may also impact the food industry, by providing ingestible or food-compatible electronic tags that can "smart" track goods and monitor their quality along the distribution chain. Temporary tattoo-paper is hereby proposed as a simple and versatile platform for the integration of electronics onto food and pharmaceutical capsules. In particular, the fabrication of all-printed organic field-effect transistors on untreated commercial tattoo-paper, and their subsequent transfer and operation on edible substrates with a complex nonplanar geometry is demonstrated. © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Modular high-throughput test stand for versatile screening of thin-film materials libraries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thienhaus, Sigurd; Hamann, Sven; Ludwig, Alfred

2011-01-01

Versatile high-throughput characterization tools are required for the development of new materials using combinatorial techniques. Here, we describe a modular, high-throughput test stand for the screening of thin-film materials libraries, which can carry out automated electrical, magnetic and magnetoresistance measurements in the temperature range of −40 to 300 °C. As a proof of concept, we measured the temperature-dependent resistance of Fe–Pd–Mn ferromagnetic shape-memory alloy materials libraries, revealing reversible martensitic transformations and the associated transformation temperatures. Magneto-optical screening measurements of a materials library identify ferromagnetic samples, whereas resistivity maps support the discovery of new phases. A distance sensor in the same setup allows stress measurements in materials libraries deposited on cantilever arrays. A combination of these methods offers a fast and reliable high-throughput characterization technology for searching for new materials. Using this approach, a composition region has been identified in the Fe–Pd–Mn system that combines ferromagnetism and martensitic transformation.

Isatin, a versatile molecule: studies in Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, Barbara, E-mail: barbara.iq@gmail.com [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2013-05-15

Isatin is a small, versatile and widely applicable pharmacological molecule. These characteristics make isatin and its derivatives attractive to many research groups as resources for chemical and pharmacological studies. Although it has a relatively simple structure, isatin is a useful chemical scaffold for a variety of chemical transformations. This article discusses several studies performed by Brazilian groups, including investigations of its structural changes, biological assay designs and new methods for the synthesis of isatin. (author)

Enfermeiro de Saúde da Família na Amazônia: conceitos e manejo na temática do uso de álcool

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigo Otávio Moretti-Pires

2011-08-01

Full Text Available O estudo visa identificar a concepção dos enfermeiros sobre a temática do uso problemático de álcool e as formas de manejo utilizado, em um contexto amazônico. Utilizaram-se grupo focal e entrevistas individuais com todos os enfermeiros das doze equipes de saúde da família de um município do interior da Amazônia, Brasil. Observou-se falta de formação universitária, de educação permanente e de suporte/referência - contra - referência na atenção à dimensão do uso de álcool na população adscrita. Há necessidade de reformulação da estrutura curricular dos cursos de graduação em enfermagem, assim como educação permanente para as Equipes de Saúde da Família e suporte nesta importante temática e suas conseqüências, tanto para o indivíduo e para as famílias, como para a sociedade em geral.

À margem da segunda escravidão? A dinâmica da escravidão no vale amazônico nos quadros da economia-mundo capitalista

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Souza Barroso

Full Text Available Resumo: Não é incomum, na historiografia brasileira, a percepção da formação econômica e social da Amazônia como espaço no qual uma economia escravista de base agrícola não chegou a se estabelecer. Embora tal noção venha sendo desconstruída por diversos estudos produzidos ao longo das últimas décadas, que evidenciaram a efetividade econômica e demográfica da escravidão negra no vale amazônico, ainda não foi levado a efeito um esforço de reflexão sobre essa questão nos quadros da economia-mundo capitalista, como se apresenta neste artigo. Para tanto, a economia escravista da região é cotejada com a chamada segunda escravidão, faceta mais conhecida da história global da escravidão no século XIX.

Dep?sitos sedimentares Pleistocenos-Holocenos da zona de conflu?ncia dos rios Solim?es e Purus, Amaz?nia Ocidental

OpenAIRE

Passos, Marcel Silva

2016-01-01

O Rio Solim?es, na zona de conflu?ncia com o Rio Purus (Amaz?nia Ocidental), apresenta 3 n?veis de terra?os fluviais pleistocenos-holocenos, denominados informalmente de Superior (TS), Intermedi?rio (TI) e Inferior (TInf), definidos neste estudo com base em dados de sensores remotos, sedimentol?gicos, estratigr?ficos e geocronol?gicos. Em geral, os terra?os exibem distribui??o sim?trica, formam faixas paralelas ao rio e se estendem por dezenas de quil?metros. Localizam entre as cotas de 15 a ...

Amazônia socioambiental: sustentabilidade ecológica e diversidade social

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Deborah Lima

2005-08-01

Full Text Available ESTE ARTIGO baseia-se no emprego de um conceito central do discurso ambientalista - o de sustentabilidade ecológica - para construir um quadro analítico da diversidade socioambiental da Amazônia contemporânea. O exercício consiste em um ordenamento geral de categorias sociais segundo seu comportamento ambiental. Este é o ponto de partida para uma análise dos fundamentos históricos, econômicos e culturais da sustentabilidade ecológica atribuída a cada segmento social. A análise mostra a complexidade da interação entre múltiplos fatores que explicam o comportamento ecológico particular de cada um dos seguintes segmentos sociais considerados: a povos indígenas de comércio esporádico, b povos indígenas de comércio recorrente, c povos indígenas dependentes da produção mercantil, d pequenos produtores "tradicionais", e latifúndios "tradicionais", f latifúndios recentes, g migrantes/ fronteira, h grandes projetos e i exploradores itinerantes. Com este exercício, alguns estereótipos consagrados são contrariados, como aqueles que relacionam baixa sustentabilidade ecológica com pobreza, ou alta sustentabilidade ecológica com identidade indígena. Concluímos mostrando a importância de prosseguir com análises de amplo espectro para entender a diversidade socioambiental da Amazônia.WITH ONE of the central concepts of environmental discourse - that of ecological sustainability - we analyse the social diversity of contemporary Amazonia, presenting classification of Amazonian social segments according to the degree of environmental sustainability of their productive activities. With no intention of covering all of Amazonian social diversity, we identify nine of its main segments: Indians of sporadic commerce, Indians of recurrent commerce, Indians dependent on mercantile production, traditional peasants, traditional ranchers, recently established ranchers, frontier migrants, large scale entrepreneurial projects, and itinerant

Recurrence time statistics: versatile tools for genomic DNA sequence analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Cao, Yinhe; Tung, Wen-Wen; Gao, J B

2004-01-01

With the completion of the human and a few model organisms' genomes, and the genomes of many other organisms waiting to be sequenced, it has become increasingly important to develop faster computational tools which are capable of easily identifying the structures and extracting features from DNA sequences. One of the more important structures in a DNA sequence is repeat-related. Often they have to be masked before protein coding regions along a DNA sequence are to be identified or redundant expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are to be sequenced. Here we report a novel recurrence time based method for sequence analysis. The method can conveniently study all kinds of periodicity and exhaustively find all repeat-related features from a genomic DNA sequence. An efficient codon index is also derived from the recurrence time statistics, which has the salient features of being largely species-independent and working well on very short sequences. Efficient codon indices are key elements of successful gene finding algorithms, and are particularly useful for determining whether a suspected EST belongs to a coding or non-coding region. We illustrate the power of the method by studying the genomes of E. coli, the yeast S. cervisivae, the nematode worm C. elegans, and the human, Homo sapiens. Computationally, our method is very efficient. It allows us to carry out analysis of genomes on the whole genomic scale by a PC.

A sustentabilidade da habitação do seringueiro amazônico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Valdeci Candido de Lima

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo, com área de concentração em tecnologia das construções, propõe-se a pesquisar e identificar a sustentabilidade da casa do seringueiro amazônico, construída nos seringais acreanos, a partir do final do século 19 e segunda metade do século 20. Busca trazer subsídios bibliográficos, históricos e fatores construtivos determinantes, os quais atribuíram significados a esse modelo de construção, identificando-o como habitação sustentável. O seringueiro, homem rude, migrante em sua maioria, tangido pelas secas dos sertões nordestinos, em busca de riquezas, ao chegar às regiões da Amazônia, para cortar seringa e produzir a borracha, embrenhou-se nas densas florestas, ricas em fauna e flora. Um território abundante em seringueiras, castanheiras, bambus, palmeiras e toda espécie de madeiras nobres, um mundo desconhecido. A partir dessa ocupação passa a ser conhecido em decorrência da batalha pelo controle da borracha. Assim, o Acre surge para o Brasil e para o mundo. A população nordestina, sem condição financeira, e considerando as necessidades iniciais na época da ocupação, toma como modelo de habitação a oca indígena, misturando-a às lembranças das casas de seus locais de origem. Desse modo, com técnicas rudimentares construíram, nas colocações dos seringais, suas casas, com matéria-prima retirada da floresta, tais como a madeira, paxiúba, a palha da palmeira, o cipó, o bambu, tudo sem agredir o meio ambiente. Aprendeu a protegê-la das intempéries, imprimindo a essa habitação uma interação com a natureza, por meio de espaços abertos, integrados e ventilados. Esses dados têm como fonte a história de formação do Acre, cujas descrições apresentam o modelo arquitetônico das moradias que, ao final, vão desenhar a casa do seringueiro acreano como habitação sustentável.

Nanobodies as Versatile Tools to Understand, Diagnose, Visualize and Treat Cancer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Isabel Van Audenhove

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Since their discovery, nanobodies have been used extensively in the fields of research, diagnostics and therapy. These antigen binding fragments, originating from Camelid heavy-chain antibodies, possess unusual hallmarks in terms of (small size, stability, solubility and specificity, hence allowing cost-effective production and sometimes outperforming monoclonal antibodies. In this review, we evaluate the current status of nanobodies to study, diagnose, visualize or inhibit cancer-specific proteins and processes. Nanobodies are highly adaptable tools for cancer research as they enable specific modulation of targets, enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins alike. Molecular imaging studies benefit from the rapid, homogeneous tumor accumulation of nanobodies and their fast blood clearance, permitting previously unattainable fast tumor visualization. Moreover, they are endowed with considerable therapeutic potential as inhibitors of receptor-ligand pairs and deliverers of drugs or drug-loaded nanoparticles towards tumors. More in vivo and clinical studies are however eagerly awaited to unleash their full potential.

Acidity titration curves - a versatile tool for the characterisation of acidic mine waste water

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fyson, A.

2000-01-01

Acidity titrations with NaOH are valuable tools for characterisation of acidic mine waters. - Titrations can be used to estimate metal concentrations. - Titrations can be carried out in the field, minimising changes in water chemistry due to sample handling time and procedure. (orig.)

A versatile fast coincidence system with memory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pouthas, J.

1976-01-01

A versatile fast coincidence system has been studied for experiments using several detectors. In this system, all the coincidence events are produced with an associated code, and thus, different kinds of events can be processed with the same experimental set-up. Also, the classification of the logical pulses gives the possibility of using a large number of ways (30 in this system). The setting of the system is very simple: there are only two time windows to adjust. (Auth.)

Répteis e anfíbios de uma região pouco conhecida do sudeste da Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Frederico Gustavo Rodrigues França

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Amazônia é a maior floresta tropical do mundo e possui uma enorme biodiversidade. Entretanto, algumas regiões ainda são pouco conhecidas. Este trabalho apresenta um inventário da herpetofauna de uma destas regiões, o município de Boca do Acre, no sudoeste do Amazonas. O inventário foi realizado em dois períodos, uma amostragem durante o meio da estação chuvosa e outra ao final da mesma estação. Diversos métodos foram empregados para as amostragens, como armadilhas de interceptação e queda, procuras visuais diurnas e noturnas, procuras de carro em trechos da BR 317, e registros oportunísticos. Cinqüenta e seis espécies de anfíbios e 53 de répteis foram registradas durante o inventário. Vinte e sete espécies foram capturadas nas armadilhas de interceptação e queda e 38 foram encontradas na BR317, sendo as serpentes o grupo mais impactado por atropelamentos. A curva de acumulação de espécies não atingiu a estabilidade indicando que o inventário não está completo. Os resultados demonstram a grande riqueza de espécies desta região, sua importância para a biodiversidade da Amazônia, e a urgência em sua preservação.

A quem confiamos os recursos comuns - estado, comunidade ou mercado? - lições aprendidas com o manejo da pesca na Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antonio Oviedo

2003-12-01

Full Text Available A ausência de práticas de manejo sustentável da base comum de recursos naturais é decorrente de várias causas, tais como: insegurança fundiária, instituições locais pouco representativas, políticas públicas inadequadas para a gestão participativa e ausência de incentivos e créditos adequados. Este modelo de exploração dos recursos comuns tem provocado a degradação ambiental e conflitos sociais entre os diversos usuários do recurso. Este artigo trata do uso e conservação da base comum de recursos naturais, visando fornecer subsídios para uma avaliação da gestão ambiental na Amazônia e do papel das estruturas institucionais. O artigo apresenta experiências de gestão ambiental da pesca na Amazônia, com ênfase na participação das comunidades locais organizadas, as quais apontam novas possibilidades para os processos de tomada de decisão, fortalecendo um sistema descentralizado, e configurando um marco regulatório da gestão ambiental participativa.

Versatile equipment for mechanical testing of active materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bertsch, Johannes; Heimgartner, Peter

2005-01-01

At the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) 3 different project groups presently perform aging research on active materials. The research fields are fusion, high neutron flux targets and LWR relevant components. Up to now mechanical testing has been performed with small, low dose rate samples behind local shielding, not appropriate for highly activated material. To overcome this situation, a cell concept for active mechanical testing was elaborated and has been erected in PSI's Hotlab. It consists of 4 shielded cells. 3 connected cells are versatile and independently operable for highly beta/gamma active samples. One cell is an alpha/beta/gamma-box which will be realized in a second phase. This paper presents the versatility especially of the beta/gamma-cells: The different user groups perform experiments in these cells, whereas different machines can be placed into the cells. As consequence of the need of heavily shielded cell doors, a special strengthening and levelling of the floor has been required. In all cells the relevant media are installed. Besides the performance of the cells, the project progress as the difficulties and their solutions are described. (Author)

Banquete de gente: comensalidade e canibalismo na Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fausto Carlos

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Partindo da noção de predação familiarizante, este artigo visa discutir a relação entre canibalismo e comensalidade na Amazônia, tomando-os como formas diferenciadas, mas articuladas, de consumo. Começa-se por uma análise da relação entre guerra e caça em ontologias que atribuem aos animais a condição de pessoa. Discute-se o encadeamento dos ciclos de predação de humanos e animais por meio das concepções de doença e de resguardo. Argumenta-se que a comensalidade é um vetor de identificação que opera sobre um objeto, a comida, que deve ser produzido enquanto tal para que os parentes não se identifiquem ao animal consumido. Analisam-se os mecanismos de dessubjetivação da presa e argumenta-se que eles se erguem sobre a partibilidade das pessoas, a qual não deve ser reduzida a um dualismo simples e global entre corpo e alma. Sugere-se uma outra leitura para esse fato e se a aplica, por fim, à antropofagia guerreira e funerária.

A dinâmica do agronegócio e seus impactos socioambientais na Amazônia brasileira

OpenAIRE

Silva, Luiz Guilherme Teixeira; Venturieri, Adriano; Homma, Alfredo Kingo Oyama

2009-01-01

http://dx.doi.org/10.5801/ncn.v11i2.277 Uma das principais características da expansão do agronegócio no país é a incorporação à cadeia produtiva de novas áreas que apresentam uma grande fragilidade socioambiental, como as áreas de cerrado e savanas amazônicas – que, do ponto de vista geográfico, correspondem a fronteiras. Sem considerar as limitações ambientais, essa expansão tem ocorrido em decorrência da pequena infraestrutura física dessas áreas e do seu isolamento em relação aos grandes ...

Estrutura de comunidades em transições ambientais : lagartos no ecótono Cerrado-Amazônia

OpenAIRE

Dantas, Pedro Tourinho

2014-01-01

Os limites ecológicos desempenham um papel crucial no fluxo de espécies, de genes e 2 nutrientes entre áreas adjacentes. Os limites não apenas separam, mas também conectam 3 estas áreas, agindo como filtros de permeabilidade variável. A estrutura das comunidades 4 varia com a proximidade do ecótono e a riqueza de espécies no ecótono pode ser maior que, 5 menor que, ou intermediária entre as áreas adjacentes. Aqui, eu investigo como o ecótono 6 isola a Amazônia e o Cerrado, atuando como um fil...

Fibrohistiocitoma conjuntival simulando pterígio atípico na região amazônica: relato de caso

OpenAIRE

Carvalho,Roberto Murillo Limongi de Souza; Taleb,Alexandre; Carvalho,Giulianna Limongi de Souza; Ávila,Marcos

2010-01-01

Relatamos um caso inédito na literatura brasileira de fibrohistiocitoma conjuntival descoberto durante projeto comunitário de larga escala realizado pela equipe do Centro de Referência em Oftalmologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Goiás na região amazônica. Paciente do sexo feminino, leucoderma, de 38 anos de idade, apresentava lesão vascularizada no olho direito no canto medial da conjuntiva bulbar e carúncula com extensão para o limbo e invadindo cerca de 2 mm da córne...

Lactobacilli and pediococci as versatile cell factories - Evaluation of strain properties and genetic tools

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bosma, Elleke Fenna; Förster, Jochen; Nielsen, Alex Toftgaard

2017-01-01

This review discusses opportunities and bottlenecks for cell factory development of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), with an emphasis on lactobacilli and pediococci, their metabolism and genetic tools. In order to enable economically feasible bio-based production of chemicals and fuels in a biorefinery...... factories for biorefinery applications....

Final Progress Report for Project Entitled: Quantum Dot Tracers for Use in Engineered Geothermal Systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rose, Peter [Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States); Bartl, Michael [Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States); Reimus, Paul [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Williams, Mark [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Mella, Mike [Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)

2015-09-12

The objective of this project was to develop and demonstrate a new class of tracers that offer great promise for use in characterizing fracture networks in EGS reservoirs. From laboratory synthesis and testing through numerical modeling and field demonstrations, we have demonstrated the amazing versatility and applicability of quantum dot tracers. This report summarizes the results of four years of research into the design, synthesis, and characterization of semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots) for use as geothermal tracers.

A Versatile Star PEG Grafting Method for the Generation of Nonfouling and Nonthrombogenic Surfaces

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Pradeep Kumar Thalla

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Polyethylene glycol (PEG grafting has a great potential to create nonfouling and nonthrombogenic surfaces, but present techniques lack versatility and stability. The present work aimed to develop a versatile PEG grafting method applicable to most biomaterial surfaces, by taking advantage of novel primary amine-rich plasma-polymerized coatings. Star-shaped PEG covalent binding was studied using static contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D. Fluorescence and QCM-D both confirmed strong reduction of protein adsorption when compared to plasma-polymerized coatings and pristine poly(ethyleneterephthalate (PET. Moreover, almost no platelet adhesion was observed after 15 min perfusion in whole blood. Altogether, our results suggest that primary amine-rich plasma-polymerized coatings offer a promising stable and versatile method for PEG grafting in order to create nonfouling and nonthrombogenic surfaces and micropatterns.

Dilemas en el uso del agua: ¿Cómo se distribuye el recurso hídrico en la Cuenca Amazónica Colombiana?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Camilo Torres Sanabria

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo contextualiza el entorno económico de los sectores productivos que dependen del uso intensivo del recurso hídrico en la cuenca amazónica colombiana(conformada por los departamentos de Amazonas, Caquetá, Guainía, Guaviare, Putumayo, Vaupés, la bota caucana y el sur de Nariño por medio de la recolección y organización de información proveniente de entidades oficiales y de consultas en la región realizadas por el Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas (SINCHI. Se analizaron indicadores macroeconómicos de los departamentos amazónicos en cada uno de los diferentes sectores considerando el valor agregado expuesto en el promedio anual del Producto Interno Bruto (2000 – 2012 en valores constantes y se contrastaron con la demanda sectorial de agua y la proyección de crecimiento, tanto de la población humana como de las tendencias de crecimiento de las actividades económicas. Como resultado relevante se encontró que los departamentos de tradición minero–energética basan su crecimiento económico en el uso intensivo del agua (mayor presión al recurso en m3/año. Se reporta un valor de $374,42 millones de dólares en promedio anual en el uso del agua (costo económico solo para el departamento de Putumayo para la extracción petrolera, con tendencias a incrementarse en el futuro, valor que no es compensado por este sector ni mucho menos considerado dentro de los indicadores económicos de crecimiento. Se concluye que los lineamientos de política hacia la gestión del recurso hídrico en Colombia deben ir diferenciados por sector y por departamento, considerando la dinámica económica en la demanda del uso del agua y la heterogeneidad de las poblaciones.

The Vibe: A Versatile Vision-to-Audition Sensory Substitution Device

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Sylvain Hanneton

2010-01-01

Full Text Available We describe a sensory substitution scheme that converts a video stream into an audio stream in real-time. It was initially developed as a research tool for studying human ability to learn new ways of perceiving the world: the Vibe can give us the ability to learn a kind of ‘vision’ by audition. It converts a video stream into a continuous stereophonic audio signal that conveys information coded from the video stream. The conversion from the video stream to the audio stream uses a kind of retina with receptive fields. Each receptive field controls a sound source and the user listens to a sound that is a mixture of all these sound sources. Compared to other existing vision-to-audition sensory substitution devices, the Vibe is highly versatile in particular because it uses a set of configurable units working in parallel. In order to demonstrate the validity and interest of this method of vision to audition conversion, we give the results of an experiment involving a pointing task to targets memorised through visual perception or through their auditory conversion by the Vibe. This article is also an opportunity to precisely draw the general specifications of this scheme in order to prepare its implementation on an autonomous/mobile hardware.

The fragmented character of Middle Palaeolithic stone tool technology.

Science.gov (United States)

Turq, Alain; Roebroeks, Wil; Bourguignon, Laurence; Faivre, Jean-Philippe

2013-11-01

The importance of the transport of stone artefacts in structuring Neandertal lithic assemblages has often been addressed, but the degree to which this led to fragmentation of lithic reduction over Middle Palaeolithic landscapes has not been explicitly studied thus far. Large-scale excavations of Middle Palaeolithic open-air sites and refitting studies of the retrieved assemblages have yielded new, high-resolution data on the mobile aspects of Neandertal stone tool technology. In this paper, we integrate lithic technology and raw material data from recent studies of Middle Palaeolithic open-air and rock shelter sites in Western Europe. We demonstrate that the results of a variety of typological, technological (especially refitting), and lithological studies have important consequences for our knowledge of the acquisition of raw materials and subsequent production, usage and discard of stone artefacts in the Middle Palaeolithic. Neandertal production and use of stone tools was fragmented in three domains: the spatial, the temporal and the social domain. We show that this versatile segmentation of stone artefact handling strategies is a main determinant of the character of the Neandertal archaeological record. Our data testify to ubiquitous and continuous transport of stone artefacts of a wide variety of forms, picked by Neandertals using selection criteria that were sometimes far removed from what archaeologists have traditionally considered, and to some degree still consider, to be desired end products of knapping activities. The data presented here testify to the variability and versatility of Middle Palaeolithic stone tool technology, whose fragmented character created very heterogeneous archaeological assemblages, usually the product of a wide variety of independent import, use, discard and/or subsequent transport events. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Using a Novel Versatile Knife: An Animal Feasibility Study (with Video)

Science.gov (United States)

Kwon, Chang-Il; Kim, Gwangil; Kim, Won Hee; Ko, Kwang Hyun; Hong, Sung Pyo; Jeong, Seok; Lee, Don Haeng

2014-01-01

Background/Aims In order to reduce the procedure time and the number of accessory changes during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), we developed a novel versatile knife, which has the combined advantages of several conventional knives. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy, safety, and histological quality of ESD performed using this novel versatile knife and a combination of several conventional knives. Methods This was an in vivo animal study comparing two different modalities of ESD in mini-pigs. Completion time of each resection was documented, and the resected specimens were retrieved and evaluated for completeness. To assess the quality control of the procedures and adverse events, detailed histopathological examinations were performed. Results A total of 18 specimens were dissected by ESD safely and easily (nine specimens using the new versatile knife; nine specimens by mixing conventional knives). All resections were completed as en bloc resections. There was no significant difference in procedure time between the 2 modalities (456 seconds vs. 355 seconds, p=0.258) and cutting speed (1.983 mm2/sec vs. 1.57 mm2/sec, p=1.000). The rate of adverse events and histological quality did not statistically differ between the modalities. Conclusions ESD with a versatile knife appeared to be an easy, safe, and technically efficient method. PMID:25505721

Ser, estar e fazer: notas sobre circo de rua na Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juliana Oliveira Silva

2017-12-01

Full Text Available As ruas são pontos de encontro. Frequentemente avistamos pessoas nos semáforos de várias cidades brasileiras – limpando vidros de automóveis, pedindo ou vendendo alimentos, jornais, revistas etc. –, recriando a rua com fins diversos. São estimuladas por suas motivações pessoais e pelos transeuntes que, inúmeras vezes, tornam-se seus eventuais clientes. Dentre essas pessoas, estão as/os malabaristas que levam práticas circenses para os semáforos. A partir de vivências etnográficas realizadas na Amazônia em 2017, esse artigo discute a tríade ser, estar e fazer na rua, com ênfase (i nas concepções que essas pessoas possuem acerca das atividades desenvolvidas em locais públicos, e (ii nas consequências e peculiaridades de fazer da rua um palco circense.  Palavras-chave: Arte; Circo; Rua; Trabalho; Malabaristas.

Radiation balance in a soybean ecosystem in the Amazon Balanço de radiação em ecossistema de soja na Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paulo Jorge de Oliveira Ponte de Souza

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The continuous advance of the agricultural border in the Amazon has been worrying the scientific community due to the possible environmental impacts caused by this change in land use. The present work evaluated the behavior of the radiation balance components over the soybean crop (Glycine Max (L. Merryl in an Amazon area of continuous advance of the agricultural border. The radiation components were continuously monitored during the soybean cycle in 2006 and 2007 in an area of 200 ha. The soybean cultivation in the Amazon presented an abrupt change in the radiation balance components, with the consequent reduction in the energy available to the environment due to the increase in the surface reflection. There was a significant contribution of the diffuse radiation component in the soybean interception during cloudy conditions, even under incomplete canopy covering. Moreover, after the canopy closure, a similar interaction between soybean and solar radiation occurs, regardless of the cloud condition.O avanço da fronteira agrícola na Amazônia, da forma como vem sendo realizado, tem deixado a comunidade cada vez mais preocupada ante os possíveis impactos ambientais decorrentes desta mudança no uso da terra, devido à grande importância que a Amazônia representa para o clima global. Neste trabalho avaliaram-se os componentes do balanço de radiação à superfície, ao longo do ciclo da soja (Glycine Max (L. Merryl, em uma área de avanço da fronteira agrícola na Amazônia. Os componentes do balanço de radiação foram monitorados continuamente durante o ciclo da soja, em 2006 e 2007, em uma área de 200 ha de extensão. O monocultivo da soja na Amazônia apresentou uma contínua mudança nos componentes do balanço de radiação, tendo como consequência uma redução na energia disponível para o ambiente devido o aumento na reflexão da superfície. Observou-se uma importante contribuição da radiação solar difusa na intercepta

O uso e manejo dos recursos naturais na Amazônia Brasileira: a organização social e produtiva do PDS Nova Bonal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cleiton Silva Ferreira Milagres

2014-08-01

Full Text Available O artigo analisa a organização social e a utilização dos recursos naturais pelas famílias beneficiadas pelo programa de reforma agrária na Amazônia brasileira, considerando aspectos das práticas extrativistas e do manejo comunitário da floresta. O objeto de análise é o Projeto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (PDS Nova Bonal, localizado no estado do Acre. A organização do território e da produção no PDS Nova Bonal ao articular orientações direcionadas tanto para o atendimento das práticas de agricultura convencional quanto agro-extrativistas, tem diferenças de outros assentamentos rurais criados pelo governo brasileiro. O trabalho analisa as possibilidades dessa modalidade de projeto proporcionar o desenvolvimento socioeconômico das famílias beneficiadas e, ao mesmo tempo, melhores condições de sustentabilidade no uso dos recursos naturais. Também são analisados os aspectos legais e formais que direcionam este modelo de projeto de reforma agrária no uso e manejo dos recursos naturais na Amazônia.

Estimativa do balanço de radiação por sensoriamento remoto de diferentes ssos de solo so sudoeste da Amazônia Brasileira / Estimative of radiation balance by remote sensing of different soil uses in the brazilian southern amazon

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luiz Carlos da Silva

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Mudanças no uso do solo têm motivado pesquisas sobre a dinâmica de trocas radiativas e energéticas na Amazônia Brasileira que, por sua vez, geram demanda destas informações de superfície em escalas espaciais e temporais. Enquanto a medição destas trocas em torres micrometeorológicas fornece resultados pontuais, o sensoriamento remoto apresenta resultados acurados e de baixo custo para estimá-las em escala regional. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a distribuição espacial e temporal de estimativas de saldo de radiação e parâmetros biofísicos por sensoriamento remoto de diferentes usos do solo no sudoeste da Amazônia Brasileira. Foram selecionadas 04 áreas de solo coberto por floresta amazônica natural, floresta amazônica manejada, sistema silvipastoril e pastagem. O saldo de radiação, NDVI, índice de área foliar, albedo e temperatura radiométrica foram estimados pelo algoritmo SEBAL, usando imagens do sensor TM do satélite Landsat 5 em julho de 2009, 2010 e 2011. O NDVI, IAF, albedo e saldo de radiação apresentaram maiores valores na floresta natural, seguida por floresta manejada, sistema silvipastoril e pastagem. A temperatura radiométrica da superfície apresentou maiores valores para o sistema silvipastoril seguido por pastagem, floresta natural e floresta manejada.

Restricted numerical range: A versatile tool in the theory of quantum information

Science.gov (United States)

Gawron, Piotr; Puchała, Zbigniew; Miszczak, Jarosław Adam; Skowronek, Łukasz; Życzkowski, Karol

2010-10-01

Numerical range of a Hermitian operator X is defined as the set of all possible expectation values of this observable among a normalized quantum state. We analyze a modification of this definition in which the expectation value is taken among a certain subset of the set of all quantum states. One considers, for instance, the set of real states, the set of product states, separable states, or the set of maximally entangled states. We show exemplary applications of these algebraic tools in the theory of quantum information: analysis of k-positive maps and entanglement witnesses, as well as study of the minimal output entropy of a quantum channel. Product numerical range of a unitary operator is used to solve the problem of local distinguishability of a family of two unitary gates.

Fluxos de CO2 em Plantio de Palma de Óleo no Leste da Amazônia

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Luiz Carlos Neves da Fonseca

Full Text Available Resumo Os ecossistemas terrestres são importantes para compreender as trocas de CO2 entre superfície e atmosfera. Este trabalho apresenta as condições atmosféricas e medidas de CO2 em palma de óleo com híbrido interespecífico no leste da Amazônia, durante ano de El niño. O experimento foi realizado em Moju - Pará, onde foi instalada uma torre micrometeorológica para obtenção de dados meteorológicos e de CO2 durante o período de janeiro-dezembro de 2015. Os valores médios diurnos de absorção de CO2 atingiram o máximo por volta do meio dia, com 22,3 (± 0,98 μmol m-2 s-1 no período chuvoso e 21,0 (± 0,47 μmol m-2 s-1 no período menos chuvoso. Houve pouca variação noturna nos valores médios de emissão de CO2, 5 (± 0,20 μmol m-2 s-1, em ambos os períodos. Os valores médios diurnos da concentração de CO2 foram menores e os valores médios noturnos foram maiores. Em geral, o ciclo diário de troca de CO2 apresentou diferença entre o período chuvoso e menos chuvoso. Esses resultados contribuem para melhor compreensão da tendência temporal dos fluxos de CO2 em cultivo agrícola em ano de seca no leste da Amazônia, gerando informações novas sobre a interação entre palma de óleo e atmosfera.

Neuronal chemokines : Versatile messengers in central nervous system cell interaction

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Haas, A. H.; van Weering, H. R. J.; de Jong, E. K.; Boddeke, H. W. G. M.; Biber, K. P. H.

2007-01-01

Whereas chemokines are well known for their ability to induce cell migration, only recently it became evident that chemokines also control a variety of other cell functions and are versatile messengers in the interaction between a diversity of cell types. In the central nervous system (CNS),

Iron: a versatile element to produce materials for environmental applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Teixeira, Ana Paula C.; Araujo, Maria H.; Oliveira, Luiz C.A.; Moura, Flavia C.C.; Lago, Rochel M., E-mail: rochel@ufmg.br, E-mail: anapct@ufmg.br [Departamento de Quimica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Tristao, Juliana C. [Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Florestal, MG (Brazil); Ardisson, Jose D. [Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear (CDTN/CNEN-MG), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil). Lab. de Fisica Aplicada; Amorim, Camila C., E-mail: juliana@ufv.br [Departamento de Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil)

2012-09-15

Iron is a versatile element forming several phases with different oxidation states and {sup s}tructures, such as Fe{sup 0}, FeO, Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}, {gamma}-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3}, {alpha}-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} and FeOOH. All these phases have unique physicochemical properties which can be used for different applications. In this work, it is described the use of different iron compounds, synthetic and also from natural and waste sources, in environmental and technological applications. Two main research areas are described. The first one is related to strategies to increase the reactivity of Fe phases, mainly by the formation of Fe{sup 0}/iron oxide composites and by the introduction of new metals in the iron oxide structure to promote new surface reactions. The second area is the use of the magnetic properties of some iron phases to produce versatile magnetic materials with focus in adsorption, catalysis and emulsions. (author)

O sertão amazônico: o inferno de Alberto Rangel The amazonian sertão: the hell of Alberto Rangel

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marco Aurélio Coelho de Paiva

2011-01-01

Full Text Available A partir da análise do livro de estreia de Alberto Rangel, Inferno verde, publicado em 1908, o artigo busca identificar as motivações e os constrangimentos presentes no processo criativo do autor quanto à formulação de uma representação da Amazônia como sertão. A sua filiação ao estilo de Euclides da Cunha e a sua vinculação ao aparato administrativo estatal quando da sua presença na região confluíram para uma ideia de região então assentada em seu aspecto infernista. O entendimento da realidade nacional a partir dos sertões fez com que a Amazônia fosse tomada pelo autor como um mundo relegado ao esquecimento. Uma interpretação dos diferentes contos do livro e a identificação de uma representação infernista da Amazônia só poderão ser logradas caso leve-se em consideração os aspectos vinculados aos anseios e angústias de Alberto Rangel em tornar-se um escritor e ser reconhecido como tal.Based on the book debut of Alberto Rangel, Inferno Verde (Green Hell, published in 1908, this article investigates the motivations and constraints present in the author's creative process, regarding the representation of the Amazon as sertão (backlands. His adherence to the style of Euclides da Cunha, and his relationship with the state administrative apparatus when he was in the region, contributed to the idea of what seemed to be a hellish aspect of the Amazon. In his understanding of the national reality, in relation to the backlands, the author saw the Amazon as a forgotten world. For a different interpretation of the stories in the book, and the recognition of this hellish representation of the Amazon, it is necessary to take into consideration the aspects related to the aspirations and anxieties of Alberto Rangel on becoming a writer and to be recognized as such.

Análise biogeográfica da avifauna da região oeste do baixo Rio Negro, amazônia brasileira Biogeographical analysis of the avifauna in the lower western Rio Negro region in the Brazilian Amazon

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sérgio H. Borges

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Neste estudo é realizada uma análise biogeográfica detalhada da avifauna da Amazônia Central a oeste do Rio Negro, região onde está localizado o Parque Nacional do Jaú (PNJ. As distribuições geográficas de 383 táxons (espécies e subespécies de aves registradas no PNJ foram analisadas através de métodos biogeográficos qualitativos e quantitativos (análise de agrupamento e análise de parcimônia de endemismo. A avifauna do PNJ é fortemente influenciada pelas regiões noroeste e oeste da bacia amazônica. Foram identificadas três unidades biogeográficas e o PNJ se agrupa com sítios localizados no alto Rio Orinoco e na Guiana. De modo similar, o PNJ se agrupa com o sítio do alto Rio Orinoco tendo a Guiana como grupo-irmão no cladograma de área com maior suporte. Diferentes sub-grupos de espécies revelaram cladogramas de áreas com variadas topologias, sugerindo complexos cenários de diversificação da avifauna amazônica. Estes cenários biogeográficos podem ter sido influenciados por eventos geológicos ocorridos durante o Mioceno e Pleistoceno. Neste estudo foi identificada uma área de endemismo não descrita para a Amazônia - a área de endemismo Rio Negro. A avifauna da região do PNJ, além de ser representativa dos setores noroeste e oeste da Amazônia, possui táxons de distribuição restrita à região central da Amazônia, reforçando ainda mais sua importância na proteção da biodiversidade amazônica.This study makes a detailed biogeographical analysis of Central Amazon avifauna west of the Rio Negro, where Parque Nacional do Jaú (PNJ is located. The geographical distribution of 383 bird taxa (species or subspecies recorded in PNJ was analyzed through qualitative and quantitative biogeographic methods (cluster analysis and parsimony analysis of endemicity. Results showed that the avifauna of PNJ is strongly influenced by the northwestern and western regions of the Amazon Basin. Three biogeographic units

Versatile Multicomponent Reaction Macrocycle Synthesis Using α-Isocyano-ω-carboxylic Acids

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Liao, George P; Abdelraheem, Eman M M; Neochoritis, Constantinos G; Kurpiewska, Katarzyna; Kalinowska-Tłuścik, Justyna; McGowan, David C; Dömling, Alexander

2015-01-01

The direct macrocycle synthesis of α-isocyano-ω-carboxylic acids via an Ugi multicomponent reaction is introduced. This multicomponent reaction (MCR) protocol differs by being especially short, convergent, and versatile, giving access to 12-22 membered rings.

Versatile microcomputer-based temperature controller

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yarberry, V.R.

1980-09-01

The wide range of thermal responses required in laboratory and scientific equipment requires a temperature controller with a great deal of flexibility. While a number of analog temperature controllers are commercially available, they have certain limitations, such as inflexible parameter control or insufficient precision. Most lack digital interface capabilities--a necessity when the temperature controller is part of a computer-controlled automatic data acquisition system. We have developed an extremely versatile microcomputer-based temperature controller to fulfill this need in a variety of equipment. The control algorithm used allows optimal tailoring of parameters to control overshoot, response time, and accuracy. This microcomputer-based temperature controller can be used as a standalone instrument (with a teletype used to enter para-meters), or it can be integrated into a data acquisition system

The Versatile Modiolus Perforator Flap

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gunnarsson, Gudjon Leifur; Thomsen, Jorn Bo

2016-01-01

BACKGROUND: Perforator flaps are well established, and their usefulness as freestyle island flaps is recognized. The whereabouts of vascular perforators and classification of perforator flaps in the face are a debated subject, despite several anatomical studies showing similar consistency. In our...... experience using freestyle facial perforator flaps, we have located areas where perforators are consistently found. This study is focused on a particular perforator lateral to the angle of the mouth; the modiolus and the versatile modiolus perforator flap. METHODS: A cohort case series of 14 modiolus...... perforator flap reconstructions in 14 patients and a color Doppler ultrasonography localization of the modiolus perforator in 10 volunteers. RESULTS: All 14 flaps were successfully used to reconstruct the defects involved, and the location of the perforator was at the level of the modiolus as predicted...

Influência do manejo florestal e do desmatamento na oferta de madeiras tropicais na amazônia brasileira

OpenAIRE

Humberto Angelo; Antonio Prado Carlos do; Alexandre Brasil Anders

2004-01-01

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise do comportamento, do desempenho e do impacto do preço da madeira, do manejo florestal sustentável e do desmatamento na oferta de madeiras tropicais na região Amazônica. Como base metodológica, utilizou a análise de regressão para estimar a equação de oferta e o modelo de elasticidade substituição para verificar a competição entre as fontes de oferta da madeira tropical. Os resultados sugerem que a oferta de madeiras tropicais no mercado doméstico é inelásti...

Contribuição ao estudo do problema alimentar da Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

João de Barros Barreto

1947-12-01

Full Text Available Salientando os diversos aspectos a atender, para a solução racional do problema da alimentação na Amazônia, aliás já fixados em 1941 pela Comissão que traçou as linhas gerais de um plano de saneamento dessa vasta região, aludem os A.A. às realizações já empreendidas dentro do programa traçado, e que versaram apenas sôbre os hábitos alimentares de um grande núcleo de população e sôbre o valor nutritivo de alguns elementos pouco conhecidos da fauna e da flora locais. Abordam, à guisa de ensaio, neste trabalho, o ponto concernente ao planejamento de regimes adequados, que se adaptem tanto às exigências, como as possibilidades regionais. Frisam, então, de início, as bases racionais a que devem eles obedecer respeito não só à redução do total de calorias, fornecidas, nos seus 2/3, por hidratos de carbono e ao qual se subordinam as cotas das três principais vitaminas do complexo B,* como também a restrição, igualmente indicada, da taxa de proteínas; respeito, ainda, as cotas recomendáveis das vitaminas A e C e de cálcio, dando aí especial atenção ao detalhe da sua aproveitabilidade. Referem, de passagem, à conveniência de não se descurar do problema do ferro alimentar, em face das endemias reinantes na região e das dificuldades para fazer, artificialmente, o enriquecimento marcial dos regimes, já que, para instituí-los, partem do principio de ser vantajoso lançar mão de recursos de produção local, sem ficar em marcada dependência de grandes centres distribuidores regionais. Mostrando as dificuldades para a utilização, na escala desejada, da carne e leite de vaca, como artigos básicos de regime — e apontam, entre os percalços, os inerentes ao transporte e conservação desses alimentos — apresentam uma tabela básica, para o adulto em trabalho moderado, a qual lhe fornece 2.600 calorias diárias e obedece aos pontos fundamentais já aludidos. Nela figuram: os peixes, cujas variedades de

Diseño de un plan estratégico de marketing para el Bar Restaurante Rincon Amazónico ubicado en le Valle de los Chillos, cantón Rumiñahui, parroquia de Alangasí, en el Tingo.

OpenAIRE

Calle Crespo, Carla Tatiana

2011-01-01

El Rincón Amazónico se encuentra ubicado en el Tingo, Parroquia de Alangasí, a pocas cuadras del balneario. Este local se inició con la venta solo de jugos de caña y batidos naturales, la decoración era bastante modesta, ocupaba solamente la parte del estacionamiento de la familia, pero en la mente del propietario el Sr. Carlos Calle, siempre estuvo la visión de crear un lugar diferente, con un ambiente amazónico, rústico, natural. Conforme fueron pasando los años el local fue ...

Desafios de propostas interventivas de letramentos na Amazônia paraense: a escola brasileira em contextos de hibridização cultural

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Júlia Maués

Full Text Available Resumo: O artigo apresenta um recorte do projeto “A formação do professor em contextos de hibridização cultural: propostas interventivas de letramentos na Amazônia paraense (2015-2016” sobre as práticas de trabalho colaborativas na escola, com o objetivo de contribuir com reflexões sobre o letramento como uma prática social situada. Emprega-se a metodologia da etnografia, aliada à elaboração de projetos de letramento, ou seja, tomando-se as práticas de escrita voltadas para as necessidades da cultura local. O arcabouço teórico se fundamenta nas contribuições das áreas de educação, linguística aplicada e estudos de letramento, considerando a palavra um signo social ideológico. Focalizam-se eventos de letramento na Escola de Ensino Fundamental de Aicaraú - Barcarena/Pará -, destacando-se a compreensão da cultura ribeirinha local e os encaminhamentos instanciados na escola, que, além de multisseriada, situa-se no campo e em espaço amazônico. As carências enfrentadas pela comunidade escolar evidenciam a necessidade de atendimento de objetivos imediatos das escolas inseridas nas áreas de impacto dos grandes projetos governamentais promovidos na década de 1970 no Brasil.

Graphene Emerges as a Versatile Template for Materials Preparation.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Zhengjie; Wu, Sida; Lv, Wei; Shao, Jiao-Jing; Kang, Feiyu; Yang, Quan-Hong

2016-05-01

Graphene and its derivatives are emerging as a class of novel but versatile templates for the controlled preparation and functionalization of materials. In this paper a conceptual review on graphene-based templates is given, highlighting their versatile roles in materials preparation. Graphene is capable of acting as a low-dimensional hard template, where its two-dimensional morphology directs the formation of novel nanostructures. Graphene oxide and other functionalized graphenes are amphiphilic and may be seen as soft templates for formatting the growth or inducing the controlled assembly of nanostructures. In addition, nanospaces in restacked graphene can be used for confining the growth of sheet-like nanostructures, and assemblies of interlinked graphenes can behave either as skeletons for the formation of composite materials or as sacrificial templates for novel materials with a controlled network structure. In summary, flexible graphene and its derivatives together with an increasing number of assembled structures show great potentials as templates for materials production. Many challenges remain, for example precise structural control of such novel templates and the removal of the non-functional remaining templates. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

eShadow: A tool for comparing closely related sequences

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ovcharenko, Ivan; Boffelli, Dario; Loots, Gabriela G.

2004-01-15

Primate sequence comparisons are difficult to interpret due to the high degree of sequence similarity shared between such closely related species. Recently, a novel method, phylogenetic shadowing, has been pioneered for predicting functional elements in the human genome through the analysis of multiple primate sequence alignments. We have expanded this theoretical approach to create a computational tool, eShadow, for the identification of elements under selective pressure in multiple sequence alignments of closely related genomes, such as in comparisons of human to primate or mouse to rat DNA. This tool integrates two different statistical methods and allows for the dynamic visualization of the resulting conservation profile. eShadow also includes a versatile optimization module capable of training the underlying Hidden Markov Model to differentially predict functional sequences. This module grants the tool high flexibility in the analysis of multiple sequence alignments and in comparing sequences with different divergence rates. Here, we describe the eShadow comparative tool and its potential uses for analyzing both multiple nucleotide and protein alignments to predict putative functional elements. The eShadow tool is publicly available at http://eshadow.dcode.org/

A Small-Volume, Low-Cost, and Versatile Continuous Culture Device.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dominick Matteau

Full Text Available Continuous culture devices can be used for various purposes such as establishing reproducible growth conditions or maintaining cell populations under a constant environment for long periods. However, commercially available instruments are expensive, were not designed to handle small volumes in the milliliter range, and can lack the flexibility required for the diverse experimental needs found in several laboratories.We developed a versatile continuous culture system and provide detailed instructions as well as a graphical user interface software for potential users to assemble and operate their own instrument. Three culture chambers can be controlled simultaneously with the proposed configuration, and all components are readily available from various sources. We demonstrate that our continuous culture device can be used under different modes, and can easily be programmed to behave either as a turbidostat or chemostat. Addition of fresh medium to the culture vessel can be controlled by a real-time feedback loop or simply calibrated to deliver a defined volume. Furthermore, the selected light-emitting diode and photodetector enable the use of phenol red as a pH indicator, which can be used to indirectly monitor the bulk metabolic activity of a cell population rather than the turbidity.This affordable and customizable system will constitute a useful tool in many areas of biology such as microbial ecology as well as systems and synthetic biology.

De Pozo Redondo a Nueva Esperanza: reasentamiento en la ribera amazónica colombiana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nohora Inés Carvajal Sánchez

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta una descripción y análisis del proceso de reasentamiento de la comunidad indígena tikuna de Pozo Redondo hacia su actual ubicación, Puerto Esperanza, en el Trapecio Amazónico colombiano. Proceso adelantado en los años noventa del siglo XX. El interés principal es la comprensión de algunos de los aspectos más relevantes de este traslado que caracterizamos como migración interna. Por lo tanto, centramos nuestro interés en las percepciones de los actuales pobladores de Puerto Esperanza acerca de la relocalización de la comunidad y, además, sobre las transformaciones y adaptaciones en sus modos de vida, producto de su traslado desde la várzea en zona inundable del río Amazonas a una zona de lomerío en tierra firme.

IWiN’s “My Amazing Future” Program

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marshall, F.; Bingham, M.; Phillip, A. M.

2015-01-01

In 2007, the Idaho Women in Nuclear (IWiN) chapter was asked to host a junior high school group of girls for “Girls in Technology,” a programme to introduce eighth grade girls to science and technology career opportunities. The following year, the programme was renamed “My Amazing Future,” and it has grown steadily from a very modest beginning, hosting only 35 girls and four workshops, to a much more diverse program, sponsored by over ten southeast Idaho organizations, and offering 15 different workshops to over 120 girls, from ten different junior high schools in southeast Idaho. The objective of the programme has not wavered from its initial aim of encouraging girls to explore their interests in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), and to consider STEM careers. Initially, Idaho National Laboratory (INL), a US Department of Energy (DOE) laboratory, was asked to be the single sponsor of this program, and all the workshops were presented by INL scientists, engineers, and technicians, most of them women. This aligned well with one of the laboratory missions to support K–12 educational programmes. As other organizations in southeast Idaho heard about the program, they asked to participate and the variety of the technical workshops expanded. Workshops topics are radiation science (“You are Radioactive!”), volcanoes, physics of carnival games, robotics, chemistry (solving crimes using chemistry), cyber security (how easy it is for someone to spy on you using your cell phone), hydrology of the Snake River Aquifer, and many others. Additionally, IWiN has sought sponsors from the private sector, state government, and from several professional engineering organizations. This presentation will provide more details of the program, and some suggestions on how similar organizations can create programmes that are suited to their specific organizational aims meeting the needs in their individual communities. (author)

The carnegie protein trap library: a versatile tool for Drosophila developmental studies.

Science.gov (United States)

Buszczak, Michael; Paterno, Shelley; Lighthouse, Daniel; Bachman, Julia; Planck, Jamie; Owen, Stephenie; Skora, Andrew D; Nystul, Todd G; Ohlstein, Benjamin; Allen, Anna; Wilhelm, James E; Murphy, Terence D; Levis, Robert W; Matunis, Erika; Srivali, Nahathai; Hoskins, Roger A; Spradling, Allan C

2007-03-01

Metazoan physiology depends on intricate patterns of gene expression that remain poorly known. Using transposon mutagenesis in Drosophila, we constructed a library of 7404 protein trap and enhancer trap lines, the Carnegie collection, to facilitate gene expression mapping at single-cell resolution. By sequencing the genomic insertion sites, determining splicing patterns downstream of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) exon, and analyzing expression patterns in the ovary and salivary gland, we found that 600-900 different genes are trapped in our collection. A core set of 244 lines trapped different identifiable protein isoforms, while insertions likely to act as GFP-enhancer traps were found in 256 additional genes. At least 8 novel genes were also identified. Our results demonstrate that the Carnegie collection will be useful as a discovery tool in diverse areas of cell and developmental biology and suggest new strategies for greatly increasing the coverage of the Drosophila proteome with protein trap insertions.

Controlled Electrochemical Carboxylation of Graphene To Create a Versatile Chemical Platform for Further Functionalization

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bjerglund Pedersen, Emil; Kongsfelt, Mikkel S.; Shimizu, Kyoko

An electrochemical approach is introduced for the versatile carboxylation of multilayered graphene in 0.1 M Bu4NBF4/MeCN. First, the graphene substrate is negatively charged at −1.9 V vs. Ag/AgI to allow for intercalation of Bu4N+. In the second step, the strongly activated and nucleophilic...... throughout the multilayered graphene structure, independent of the number of graphene sheets. This is assumed to be due to an opening of the entire graphene structure in response to the intercalation of Bu4N+. Hence, this electrochemical method offers a versatile procedure to make all graphene sheets...

Natureza e cultura na paisagem amazônica: uma experiência fotográfica com ressonâncias na cosmologia ameríndia e na ecologia histórica

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Patrick Pardini

Full Text Available Enquanto experiência artística, o projeto fotográfico "Arborescência - fisionomia do vegetal na paisagem amazônica" proporciona ao autor uma série de descobertas: a paisagem como entrelaçamento de Natureza e Cultura (a presença indireta do homem; o face a face com 'sujeitos vegetais'; as relações de continuidade, indiferenciação e equivalência entre o 'natural' (heterogêneo, espontâneo, nativo, rural e o 'cultural' (homogêneo, cultivado, exótico, urbano na experiência da paisagem vegetal; a arborescência como "imagem cósmica" (Gaston Bachelard, onde o alto (céu, luz, galhos, água celeste e o baixo (terra, sombra, raízes, água terrestre são pólos equivalentes e reversíveis. Tal experiência encontra ressonâncias na eco-cosmologia das sociedades da floresta amazônica. A cosmologia ameríndia é uma "ecologia simbólica" (Philippe Descola, pois elabora "uma complexa dinâmica de trocas e transformações entre sujeitos humanos e não humanos, visíveis e invisíveis" (Bruce Albert; a ecologia ameríndia é uma "cosmologia posta em prática" (Kaj Århem, na qual animais caçados e plantas cultivadas são 'parentes' que é preciso seduzir ou coagir. Tal modelo constitui uma forma de "socialização da natureza" (Descola, de "humanização da floresta" (Evaristo Eduardo de Miranda e de "antropização indireta" dos ecossistemas amazônicos (Descola, geradora de "matas culturais" (William Balée.

Crime sem castigo : a efetividade da fiscalização ambiental para o controle do desmatamento ilegal na Amazônia

OpenAIRE

Schmitt, Jair

2016-01-01

O desmatamento na Amazônia se intensificou a partir dos anos de 1990 e é uma das principais fontes de emissão dos gases do efeito estufa, que provocam alterações no clima do planeta. Frente ao intenso processo destrutivo da floresta, o governo brasileiro estabeleceu estratégias para conter esse problema ambiental, dentre as quais a fiscalização ambiental é a principal delas, ou seja, o instrumento de comando e controle. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a efetividade da fiscalizaç...

O “Senhor absoluto dos Sertoes”. O “Capitao preto” José Lopes, a Amazônia e o Cabo Verde

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafael Chambouleyron

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo discute las experiencias del cabo-verdiano José Lopes, figura influyente en los sertones de Río Negro, en la Amazonia de final del siglo XVII e inicio del siglo XVIII. Se trata de entender de qué manera su inserción en el mundo amazónico estuvo determinada no sólo por las redes de poder en las cuales se insertó, sino también en las especificidades de la sociedad y de la experiencia histórica cabo-verdiana de aquel momento.

Highly versatile fiber-based optical Fabry-Pérot gas sensor.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Jing; Sun, Yuze; Fan, Xudong

2009-02-16

We develop a versatile, compact, and sensitive fiber-based optical Fabry-Pérot (FP) gas sensor. The sensor probe is composed of a silver layer and a vapor-sensitive polymer layer that are sequentially deposited on the cleaved fiber endface, thus forming an FP cavity. The interference spectrum resulting from the reflected light at the silver-polymer and polymer-air interfaces changes when the polymer is exposed to gas analytes. This structure enables using any polymer regardless of the polymer refractive index (RI), which significantly enhances the sensor versatility. In experiments, we use polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 (RI=1.465-1.469) and Norland Optical Adhesive (NOA) 81 (RI=1.53-1.56) as the gas sensing polymer and show drastically different sensor response to hexanol, methanol, and acetone. The estimated sensitivity for methanol vapor is 3.5 pm/ppm and 0.1 pm/ppm for PEG 400 and NOA 81, respectively, with a detection limit on the order of 1-10 ppm. Gas sensing for the analytes delivered in both continuous flow mode and pulsed mode is demonstrated.

Versatile aggressive mimicry of cicadas by an Australian predatory katydid.

Science.gov (United States)

Marshall, David C; Hill, Kathy B R

2009-01-01

In aggressive mimicry, a predator or parasite imitates a signal of another species in order to exploit the recipient of the signal. Some of the most remarkable examples of aggressive mimicry involve exploitation of a complex signal-response system by an unrelated predator species. We have found that predatory Chlorobalius leucoviridis katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) can attract male cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) by imitating the species-specific wing-flick replies of sexually receptive female cicadas. This aggressive mimicry is accomplished both acoustically, with tegminal clicks, and visually, with synchronized body jerks. Remarkably, the katydids respond effectively to a variety of complex, species-specific Cicadettini songs, including songs of many cicada species that the predator has never encountered. We propose that the versatility of aggressive mimicry in C. leucoviridis is accomplished by exploiting general design elements common to the songs of many acoustically signaling insects that use duets in pair-formation. Consideration of the mechanism of versatile mimicry in C. leucoviridis may illuminate processes driving the evolution of insect acoustic signals, which play a central role in reproductive isolation of populations and the formation of species.

Allometria da palmeira babaçu em um agroecossistema de derruba-e-queima na periferia este da Amazônia

OpenAIRE

Gehring,Christoph; Zelarayán,Marcelo Luís C.; Almeida,Rosângela B.; Moraes,Flávio Henrique R.

2011-01-01

A palmeira babaçu (Attalea speciosa C.Martius, Arecaceae) tem grande importância socioeconômica e ecológica em grande parte da área tropical brasileira, especialmente em áreas degradadas por queimadas freqüentes na Amazônia. No entanto, ainda pouco se sabe sobre as características ecológicas desta espécie-chave. Este estudo investiga a alometria do babaçu com o objetivo de estabelecer uma metodologia eficiente na estimativa da biomassa aérea de palmeiras juvenis e adultas e para um melhor ent...

A versatile transfection assay system to evaluate the biological effects of diverse industrial chemicals.

Science.gov (United States)

Koizumi, Shinji; Ohno, Shotaro; Otsuka, Fuminori

2012-01-01

Gene expression processes are now recognized as important targets of the toxic effects exerted by industrial chemicals. The transient transfection assay is a powerful tool to evaluate such effects. Thus, we developed a versatile assay system by constructing a basic reporter plasmid in which the regulatory DNA sequence to be studied can easily be substituted. To verify the performance of this system, reporter plasmids carrying any of the three distinct regulatory sequences, estrogen responsive element (ERE), glucocorticoid responsive element (GRE) and xenobiotic responsive element (XRE) were constructed. After transfection of human cells, these plasmids successfully expressed the relevant reporter genes in response to specific inducers, β-estradiol, dexamethasone and 3-methylcholanthrene, respectively. Several industrial chemicals were assayed using these reporter plasmids, and the ability of p-dimethylaminoazobenzene to elevate GRE- and XRE-mediated transcription was detected. α-Naphthylamine and o-tolidine were also observed to increase the XRE-mediated response. The transfection assay system established here will be useful to evaluate the effects of a wide variety of industrial chemicals.

Dynamic Material Removal Rate and Tool Replacement Optimization with Calculus of Variations

Science.gov (United States)

Lan, Tian-Syung; Lo, Chih-Yao; Chiu, Min-Chie; Yeh, Long-Jyi

This study mathematically presents an optimum material removal control model, where the Material Removal Rate (MRR) is comprehensively introduced, to accomplish the dynamic machining control and tool life determination of a cutting tool under an expected machining quantity. To resolve the incessant cutting-rate control problem, Calculus of Variations is implemented for the optimum solution. Additionally, the decision criteria for selecting the dynamic solution are suggested and the sensitivity analyses for key variables in the optimal solution are fully discussed. The versatility of this study is furthermore exemplified through a numerical illustration from the real-world industry with BORLAND C++ BUILDER. It is shown that the theoretical and simulated results are in good agreement. This study absolutely explores the very promising solution to dynamically organize the MRR in minimizing the machining cost of a cutting tool for the contemporary machining industry.

Versatile generation of optical vector fields and vector beams using a non-interferometric approach.

Science.gov (United States)

Tripathi, Santosh; Toussaint, Kimani C

2012-05-07

We present a versatile, non-interferometric method for generating vector fields and vector beams which can produce all the states of polarization represented on a higher-order Poincaré sphere. The versatility and non-interferometric nature of this method is expected to enable exploration of various exotic properties of vector fields and vector beams. To illustrate this, we study the propagation properties of some vector fields and find that, in general, propagation alters both their intensity and polarization distribution, and more interestingly, converts some vector fields into vector beams. In the article, we also suggest a modified Jones vector formalism to represent vector fields and vector beams.

Nanobody Technology: A Versatile Toolkit for Microscopic Imaging, Protein–Protein Interaction Analysis, and Protein Function Exploration

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Els Beghein

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Over the last two decades, nanobodies or single-domain antibodies have found their way in research, diagnostics, and therapy. These antigen-binding fragments, derived from Camelid heavy chain only antibodies, possess remarkable characteristics that favor their use over conventional antibodies or fragments thereof, in selected areas of research. In this review, we assess the current status of nanobodies as research tools in diverse aspects of fundamental research. We discuss the use of nanobodies as detection reagents in fluorescence microscopy and focus on recent advances in super-resolution microscopy. Second, application of nanobody technology in investigating protein–protein interactions is reviewed, with emphasis on possible uses in mass spectrometry. Finally, we discuss the potential value of nanobodies in studying protein function, and we focus on their recently reported application in targeted protein degradation. Throughout the review, we highlight state-of-the-art engineering strategies that could expand nanobody versatility and we suggest future applications of the technology in the selected areas of fundamental research.

Nanobody Technology: A Versatile Toolkit for Microscopic Imaging, Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis, and Protein Function Exploration.

Science.gov (United States)

Beghein, Els; Gettemans, Jan

2017-01-01

Over the last two decades, nanobodies or single-domain antibodies have found their way in research, diagnostics, and therapy. These antigen-binding fragments, derived from Camelid heavy chain only antibodies, possess remarkable characteristics that favor their use over conventional antibodies or fragments thereof, in selected areas of research. In this review, we assess the current status of nanobodies as research tools in diverse aspects of fundamental research. We discuss the use of nanobodies as detection reagents in fluorescence microscopy and focus on recent advances in super-resolution microscopy. Second, application of nanobody technology in investigating protein-protein interactions is reviewed, with emphasis on possible uses in mass spectrometry. Finally, we discuss the potential value of nanobodies in studying protein function, and we focus on their recently reported application in targeted protein degradation. Throughout the review, we highlight state-of-the-art engineering strategies that could expand nanobody versatility and we suggest future applications of the technology in the selected areas of fundamental research.

Nanobody Technology: A Versatile Toolkit for Microscopic Imaging, Protein–Protein Interaction Analysis, and Protein Function Exploration

Science.gov (United States)

Beghein, Els; Gettemans, Jan

2017-01-01

Over the last two decades, nanobodies or single-domain antibodies have found their way in research, diagnostics, and therapy. These antigen-binding fragments, derived from Camelid heavy chain only antibodies, possess remarkable characteristics that favor their use over conventional antibodies or fragments thereof, in selected areas of research. In this review, we assess the current status of nanobodies as research tools in diverse aspects of fundamental research. We discuss the use of nanobodies as detection reagents in fluorescence microscopy and focus on recent advances in super-resolution microscopy. Second, application of nanobody technology in investigating protein–protein interactions is reviewed, with emphasis on possible uses in mass spectrometry. Finally, we discuss the potential value of nanobodies in studying protein function, and we focus on their recently reported application in targeted protein degradation. Throughout the review, we highlight state-of-the-art engineering strategies that could expand nanobody versatility and we suggest future applications of the technology in the selected areas of fundamental research. PMID:28725224

Implicit and semi-implicit schemes in the Versatile Advection Code : numerical tests

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Tóth, G.; Keppens, R.; Bochev, Mikhail A.

1998-01-01

We describe and evaluate various implicit and semi-implicit time integration schemes applied to the numerical simulation of hydrodynamical and magnetohydrodynamical problems. The schemes were implemented recently in the software package Versatile Advection Code, which uses modern shock capturing

Arranjos comunitários, sistemas produtivos e aportes de ciência e tecnologia no uso da terra e de recursos florestais na Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wanderley Messias da Costa

Full Text Available O foco principal deste trabalho é o exame de algumas das tendências atuais que estão promovendo mudanças significativas nos padrões de uso econômico dos produtos florestais amazônicos. Em termos gerais, essas novas tendências expressam, sob diversos modos, um amplo processo de modernização das atividades produtivas, no qual comunidades organizadas da região estão se estruturando segundo vetores desencadeados pelo impulso de cadeias produtivas complexas e suas respectivas redes. Por outro lado, elas também expressam a ampliação e a crescente sofisticação dos mercados de consumo para os produtos naturais em geral, os produtos florestais em particular e, especialmente, para aqueles da biodiversidade amazônica. Finalmente, esses sistemas produtivos emergentes passaram a contar com um aliado poderoso nos últimos anos, representado por sua crescente interação com as atividades de Ciência e Tecnologia (C&T e de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D, cujos resultados já podem ser observados em diversas experiências em curso, tais como ganhos de qualidade, de produtividade, de escala, de competitividade e, como consequência principal, a conquista de novos mercados de consumo.

Desenvolvimento e projeto de colhedora de babaçu (Orbignya phalerata Mart. para agricultura familiar nas regiões de matas de transição da Amazônia Design and development of babaçu (Orbignya phalerata Mart. harvest for small farms in areas of forests transition of the Amazon

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Albiero

2011-03-01

Full Text Available O babaçu (Orbignya phalerata é uma típica palmeira das matas de transição dos ecossistemas Amazônia/Cerrado e Amazônia/Caatinga, sendo de grande importância econômica, social e ambiental nestas regiões. Os produtos advindos dos babaçuais possibilitam renda para uma das camadas mais pobres da região amazônica e um dos entraves para a obtenção eficiente destes produtos é a colheita dos cocos de babaçu, que atualmente se faz no sistema extrativista. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar o desenvolvimento e projeto de uma colhedora de babaçu adaptável ao ambiente de trabalho da agricultura familiar e as características das matas de transição amazônicas. Para tal foram realizados estudos de literatura que nortearam as decisões e simplificações de projeto, assim como foram realizados os cálculos e desenhos da nova colhedora. O projeto foi realizado através de ferramentas de engenharia que apresentaram como resultados o memorial de cálculo que descreve o caminho técnico para o dimensionamento dos elementos constituintes da colhedora e a partir destes os desenhos detalhados dos elementos da nova máquina. Pelos desenhos detalhados suas considerações e decisões concluí-se que a colhedora de babaçu apresenta-se passível de ser construída com materiais nacionais de baixo custo, além de fácil operação, manutenção e com mínimo efeito sobre os babaçuais naturais.The babaçu (Orbignya phalerata is a typical palm of transition forests of Amazon/Savana and Amazon/Caatinga econsystems; it is very important economically, socially and environmentally in this region. Products derived from babaçu provide income for the poor of these regions. One of the problems for obtaining this product efficiently is the extractivist system of harvesting. The objective of this work is to set up a self-propelling project of babaçu harvesting, for family farmers of the Amazonian transition forest region, which would not interfere in

Towards early software reliability prediction for computer forensic tools (case study).

Science.gov (United States)

Abu Talib, Manar

2016-01-01

Versatility, flexibility and robustness are essential requirements for software forensic tools. Researchers and practitioners need to put more effort into assessing this type of tool. A Markov model is a robust means for analyzing and anticipating the functioning of an advanced component based system. It is used, for instance, to analyze the reliability of the state machines of real time reactive systems. This research extends the architecture-based software reliability prediction model for computer forensic tools, which is based on Markov chains and COSMIC-FFP. Basically, every part of the computer forensic tool is linked to a discrete time Markov chain. If this can be done, then a probabilistic analysis by Markov chains can be performed to analyze the reliability of the components and of the whole tool. The purposes of the proposed reliability assessment method are to evaluate the tool's reliability in the early phases of its development, to improve the reliability assessment process for large computer forensic tools over time, and to compare alternative tool designs. The reliability analysis can assist designers in choosing the most reliable topology for the components, which can maximize the reliability of the tool and meet the expected reliability level specified by the end-user. The approach of assessing component-based tool reliability in the COSMIC-FFP context is illustrated with the Forensic Toolkit Imager case study.

História e Literatura no regime das águas: Práticas Culturais Afroindígenas na Amazônia Marajoara

OpenAIRE

Pacheco, Agenor Sarraf

2009-01-01

Mergulhando na dinâmica da vida social amazônica, regida pela temporalidade das águas, o artigo acompanha, em diálogos entre História e Literatura, modos de ser e viver de populações marajoaras, flhas das mestiçagens afroindígenas, detentoras de saberes locais em mediações culturais com ocidentais conhecimentos letrados. Deitada em poéticas, paisagens e personagens recriados pelos  literatos Dalcídio  Jurandir e Sylvia Helena Tocantins, esta composição textual ainda visualiza rastros do popul...

Sistema integrado de asuntos académicos de la Universidad Nacional Amazónica de Madre de Dios - Puerto Maldonado (SIAA-UNAMAD)

OpenAIRE

Canahuire Cruz, Genaro

2007-01-01

El trabajo de investigación intitulado "SISTEMA INTEGRADO DE ASUNTOS ACADÉMICOS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AMAZONICA DE MADRE DE DIOS (SIAA-UNAMAD)", se a desarrollado en la Universidad Nacional Amazónica de Madre de Dios durante los años 2006 y 2007, dando solución a un conjunto de problemas que aquejaban en el servicio a los Estudiantes, Docentes y Administrativos de la Universidad. Los sistemas de información se aplican en diversas áreas donde se maneJan registros de informaciones y las Ba...

El municipio amazónico desde un análisis ambiental de flujos de materia caso Puerto Nariño, Amazonas Colombia

OpenAIRE

Ochoa Zuluaga, Germán Ignacio

2001-01-01

Este trabajo fue realizado en el período Agosto de 2000 - Agosto de 2001 y se llevó a cabo al interior del proyecto “Amazonia 21. Perfiles operacionales para el manejo del desarrollo sostenible en la Panamazonía” que desarrolló la Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Leticia en convenio con otras universidades amazónicas y al apoyo de la Comunidad Europea entre 1999 y 2001. La investigación utilizó un método exploratorio cualitativo-cuantitativo, con observación participativa, contó con el a...

Tools for controlling protein interactions with light

Science.gov (United States)

Tucker, Chandra L.; Vrana, Justin D.; Kennedy, Matthew J.

2014-01-01

Genetically-encoded actuators that allow control of protein-protein interactions with light, termed ‘optical dimerizers’, are emerging as new tools for experimental biology. In recent years, numerous new and versatile dimerizer systems have been developed. Here we discuss the design of optical dimerizer experiments, including choice of a dimerizer system, photoexcitation sources, and coordinate use of imaging reporters. We provide detailed protocols for experiments using two dimerization systems we previously developed, CRY2/CIB and UVR8/UVR8, for use controlling transcription, protein localization, and protein secretion with light. Additionally, we provide instructions and software for constructing a pulse-controlled LED light device for use in experiments requiring extended light treatments. PMID:25181301

Mineralização do nitrogênio incorporado como material vegetal em três solos da Amazônia Central

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S.S. Alfaia

1997-09-01

Full Text Available A mineralização do N proveniente do resíduo de feijão-caupi marcado com 15N foi estudada em condições de laboratório de setembro a dezembro de 1992. O material vegetal foi incorporado em amostras dos três principais solos da Amazônia Central: dois de terra firme, classificados como latossolo amarelo e podzólico vermelho-amarelo, e um de várzea, classificado como glei pouco húmico (GP. As variações nos teores e na forma de N mineral provenientes do resíduo de caupi foram relacionadas com as características químicas dos solos estudados. No latossolo e no podzólico, a incorporação do resíduo de caupi aumentou significativamente a mineralização do N, sendo a forma amoniacal predominante, enquanto, no GP, a forma nítrica preponderou. Nos solos de terra firme, a incorporação do resíduo de caupi aumentou a mineralização do N orgânico do solo, indicando a ocorrência do efeito "priming". Após 60 dias de incubação, cerca de 30 (podzólico a 40% (latossolo do N proveniente do caupi foi mineralizado nos solos de terra firme, enquanto no de várzea somente 18% foi mineralizado nesse período. Tais resultados mostram o potencial que essa leguminosa apresenta como fornecedora de N para as plantas nos solos de terra firme da Amazônia Central.

Global warming in Amazonia: impacts and Mitigation Aquecimento Global na Amazônia: impactos e Mitigação

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Philip Martin Fearnside

2009-01-01

climate change, Brazil must assume the leadership in fighting global warming.O aquecimento global tem impactos potencialmente catastróficos na Amazônia, e, ao mesmo tempo, a manutenção da floresta amazônica oferece uma das opções mais valiosas e baratas para mitigar as mudanças climáticas. Nós sabemos que o fenômeno de El Niño, causado por uma oscilação da temperatura da superfície da água no Pacífico, tem impactos sérios na Amazônia, causando secas e incêndios florestais, como aconteceram em 1997-1998. Oscilações de temperatura no Atlântico também provocam secas severas, como em 2005. Nós também sabemos que árvores amazônicas morrem, tanto do fogo como do estresse hídrico sob condições quentes e secas. Além disso, a água reciclada pela floresta fornece chuva que mantém as condições climáticas apropriadas para floresta tropical, especialmente durante a estação seca. O que nós precisamos saber com urgência, por meio de pesquisa intensificada, inclui como representar melhor o El Niño e as oscilações no Atlântico, nos modelos climáticos, como representar as retroalimentações bióticas nos modelos usados para tomada de decisão sobre o efeito estufa, e um estreitamento da gama das estimativas da sensitividade climática (para reduzir a incerteza sobre a probabilidade de impactos muito severos. Assuntos que precisam ser negociados incluem a definição de mudança de clima "perigosa", com os correspondentes níveis máximos das concentrações de gases de estufa na atmosfera. Mitigação do efeito estufa tem que incluir a manutenção da floresta amazônica, o que traz benefícios para o combate ao efeito estufa por meio de dois papéis separados: diminuir o fluxo de emissões de carbono que acontece em cada ano devido ao ritmo rápido do desmatamento, e evitar a emissão do estoque de carbono na floresta restante que pode ser liberada de várias maneiras, inclusive por causa da própria mudança climática. Barreiras impedindo a

Versatile aggressive mimicry of cicadas by an Australian predatory katydid.

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David C Marshall

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: In aggressive mimicry, a predator or parasite imitates a signal of another species in order to exploit the recipient of the signal. Some of the most remarkable examples of aggressive mimicry involve exploitation of a complex signal-response system by an unrelated predator species. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have found that predatory Chlorobalius leucoviridis katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae can attract male cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae by imitating the species-specific wing-flick replies of sexually receptive female cicadas. This aggressive mimicry is accomplished both acoustically, with tegminal clicks, and visually, with synchronized body jerks. Remarkably, the katydids respond effectively to a variety of complex, species-specific Cicadettini songs, including songs of many cicada species that the predator has never encountered. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We propose that the versatility of aggressive mimicry in C. leucoviridis is accomplished by exploiting general design elements common to the songs of many acoustically signaling insects that use duets in pair-formation. Consideration of the mechanism of versatile mimicry in C. leucoviridis may illuminate processes driving the evolution of insect acoustic signals, which play a central role in reproductive isolation of populations and the formation of species.

Medicine, material science and security: the versatility of the coded-aperture approach.

Science.gov (United States)

Munro, P R T; Endrizzi, M; Diemoz, P C; Hagen, C K; Szafraniec, M B; Millard, T P; Zapata, C E; Speller, R D; Olivo, A

2014-03-06

The principal limitation to the widespread deployment of X-ray phase imaging in a variety of applications is probably versatility. A versatile X-ray phase imaging system must be able to work with polychromatic and non-microfocus sources (for example, those currently used in medical and industrial applications), have physical dimensions sufficiently large to accommodate samples of interest, be insensitive to environmental disturbances (such as vibrations and temperature variations), require only simple system set-up and maintenance, and be able to perform quantitative imaging. The coded-aperture technique, based upon the edge illumination principle, satisfies each of these criteria. To date, we have applied the technique to mammography, materials science, small-animal imaging, non-destructive testing and security. In this paper, we outline the theory of coded-aperture phase imaging and show an example of how the technique may be applied to imaging samples with a practically important scale.

Versatile composite resins simplifying the practice of restorative dentistry.

Science.gov (United States)

Margeas, Robert

2014-01-01

After decades of technical development and refinement, composite resins continue to simplify the practice of restorative dentistry, offering clinicians versatility, predictability, and enhanced physical properties. With a wide range of products available today, composite resins are a reliable, conservative, multi-functional restorative material option. As manufacturers strive to improve such properties as compression strength, flexural strength, elastic modulus, coefficient of thermal expansion, water sorption, and wear resistance, several classification systems of composite resins have been developed.

Draft genome sequence of Microbacterium oleivorans strain Wellendorf implicates heterotrophic versatility and bioremediation potential

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Anton P. Avramov

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Microbacterium oleivorans is a predominant member of hydrocarbon-contaminated environments. We here report on the genomic analysis of M. oleivorans strain Wellendorf that was isolated from an indoor door handle. The partial genome of M. oleivorans strain Wellendorf consists of 2,916,870 bp of DNA with 2831 protein-coding genes and 49 RNA genes. The organism appears to be a versatile mesophilic heterotroph potentially capable of hydrolysis a suite of carbohydrates and amino acids. Genomic analysis revealed metabolic versatility with genes involved in the metabolism and transport of glucose, fructose, rhamnose, galactose, xylose, arabinose, alanine, aspartate, asparagine, glutamate, serine, glycine, threonine and cysteine. This is the first detailed analysis of a Microbacterium oleivorans genome.

A versatile Czochralski crystal growth system with automatic diameter control

Science.gov (United States)

Aggarwal, M. D.; Metzl, R.; Wang, W. S.; Choi, J.

1995-07-01

A versatile Czochralski crystal pulling system with automatic diameter control for the growth of nonlinear optical oxide crystals is discussed. Pure and doped bulk single crystals of bismuth silicon oxide (Bi12SiO20) have been successfully grown using this system. The system consists of a regular Czochralski type pulling system with provision for continuous weighing of the growing crystal to provide feedback for power control.

Fast, versatile x-ray fluorescence method for measuring tin in impregnated wood

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Drabæk, I.; Christensen, Leif Højslet

1985-01-01

The present paper describes an energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence method for measuring tin in bis(tri-n-butyl)tin-oxide impregnated wood. The proposed method is of the backscatter/fundamental parameter type. Its versatility, precision, and accuracy is demonstrated by analyses of eleven samples...

DESIGN OF LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR CLIMATE CHANGE RISK IN MONGOLIA

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A. Oba

2012-08-01

Nevertheless it needs to consider about management, we have to research information about each management under different conditions of each area in all Mongolia. Thus, it needs to survey livestock management workflows of regional administration and GIS data about rangeland areas and their attributes in order to evaluate their nomadic life and their livestock objectively. It is essential to use some tools that have the function of processing the spatial data. It could cover wide areas and have different abilities for spatial relations. To solve this problem; we analyzed management workflows of herder and regional administration working in Mongolia, and designed a hierarchical structure of tables and data layers with the relational database. With this structure, we developed the structure of a WebGIS tool on the Adobe Flex platform for livestock management visually. It will be also useful for them to improve the accountability of activities. This system is a versatile WebGIS tool which can interact with various spatial scales.

Versatile polyion complex micelles for peptide and siRNA vectorization to engineer tolerogenic dendritic cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Mebarek, Naila; Vicente, Rita; Aubert-Pouëssel, Anne; Quentin, Julie; Mausset-Bonnefont, Anne-Laure; Devoisselle, Jean-Marie; Jorgensen, Christian; Bégu, Sylvie; Louis-Plence, Pascale

2015-05-01

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that play a critical role in maintaining the balance between immunity and tolerance and, as such are a promising immunotherapy tool to induce immunity or to restore tolerance. The main challenge to harness the tolerogenic properties of DCs is to preserve their immature phenotype. We recently developed polyion complex micelles, formulated with double hydrophilic block copolymers of poly(methacrylic acid) and poly(ethylene oxide) blocks and able to entrap therapeutic molecules, which did not induce DC maturation. In the current study, the intrinsic destabilizing membrane properties of the polymers were used to optimize endosomal escape property of the micelles in order to propose various strategies to restore tolerance. On the first hand, we showed that high molecular weight (Mw) copolymer-based micelles were efficient to favor the release of the micelle-entrapped peptide into the endosomes, and thus to improve peptide presentation by immature (i) DCs. On the second hand, we put in evidence that low Mw copolymer-based micelles were able to favor the cytosolic release of micelle-entrapped small interfering RNAs, dampening the DCs immunogenicity. Therefore, we demonstrate the versatile use of polyionic complex micelles to preserve tolerogenic properties of DCs. Altogether, our results underscored the potential of such micelle-loaded iDCs as a therapeutic tool to restore tolerance in autoimmune diseases. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Projeção de um cenário econômico e de desmatamento para a Amazônia Legal brasileira entre 2006 e 2030

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Terciane Sabadini Carvalho

2016-12-01

Full Text Available A Amazônia Legal foi alvo de políticas desenvolvimentistas no século XX. Com características estruturais diferentes dasdo restante do Brasil e abrigando a maior floresta tropical do mundo, o resultado foi crescimento econômico e desmatamento. Alguns fatores são apontados como determinantes desse desmatamento, como as políticas de incentivo ao desenvolvimento das décadas de 1970 e 1980, os investimentos em infraestrutura, a pecuária e a agricultura. Este artigo apresenta uma metodologia de projeção para o desmatamento nas mesorregiões da Amazônia Legal, decorrente de fatores econômicos e de condicionantes estruturais da região. Para isso, foi usado um modelo de Equilíbrio Geral Computável (EGC dinâmico inter-regional com uma especificação para a ocupação do solo nas regiões, isto é,uma inovação para a literatura.Os resultados para o período estudado(2006-2030 apontaram que as regiões com maior crescimento e desmatamento seriam aquelas situadas no arco do desmatamento(Mato Grosso, Pará e Rondônia, principalmente regiões produtoras de soja e bovinos.

Versatile pulse programmer for pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adduci, D.J.

1979-05-01

A description of the sequence of events and the decisions leading to the design of a versatile pulse programmer for pulsed NMR are presented. Background and application information is discussed in order that the reader might better understand the role of the pulse programmer in a NMR spectrometer. Various other design approaches are presented as a basis for comparison. Specifications for this design are proposed, the hardware implementation of the specifications is discussed, and the software operating system is presented

Versatile pulse programmer for pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Adduci, D.J.

1979-05-01

A description of the sequence of events and the decisions leading to the design of a versatile pulse programmer for pulsed NMR are presented. Background and application information is discussed in order that the reader might better understand the role of the pulse programmer in a NMR spectrometer. Various other design approaches are presented as a basis for comparison. Specifications for this design are proposed, the hardware implementation of the specifications is discussed, and the software operating system is presented.

Development of a versatile multiaperture negative ion sourcea)

Science.gov (United States)

Cavenago, M.; Kulevoy, T.; Petrenko, S.; Serianni, G.; Antoni, V.; Bigi, M.; Fellin, F.; Recchia, M.; Veltri, P.

2012-02-01

A 60 kV ion source (9 beamlets of 15 mA each of H-) and plasma generators are being developed at Consorzio RFX and INFN-LNL, for their versatility in experimental campaigns and for training. Unlike most experimental sources, the design aimed at continuous operation. Magnetic configuration can achieve a minimum |B| trap, smoothly merged with the extraction filter. Modular design allows for quick substitution and upgrading of parts such as the extraction and postacceleration grids or the electrodes in contact with plasma. Experiments with a radio frequency plasma generator and Faraday cage inside the plasma are also described.

Development of a versatile multiaperture negative ion source

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cavenago, M.; Kulevoy, T.; Petrenko, S.; Serianni, G.; Antoni, V.; Bigi, M.; Fellin, F.; Recchia, M.; Veltri, P.

2012-01-01

A 60 kV ion source (9 beamlets of 15 mA each of H - ) and plasma generators are being developed at Consorzio RFX and INFN-LNL, for their versatility in experimental campaigns and for training. Unlike most experimental sources, the design aimed at continuous operation. Magnetic configuration can achieve a minimum |B| trap, smoothly merged with the extraction filter. Modular design allows for quick substitution and upgrading of parts such as the extraction and postacceleration grids or the electrodes in contact with plasma. Experiments with a radio frequency plasma generator and Faraday cage inside the plasma are also described.

Development of a versatile multiaperture negative ion source

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cavenago, M. [INFN-LNL, viale dell' Universita n.2, I-35020 Legnaro (Padova) (Italy); Kulevoy, T.; Petrenko, S. [INFN-LNL, viale dell' Universita n.2, I-35020 Legnaro (Padova) (Italy); ITEP, B. Cheremushkinskaya 25, 117218 Moscow (Russian Federation); Serianni, G.; Antoni, V.; Bigi, M.; Fellin, F.; Recchia, M.; Veltri, P. [Consorzio RFX, Associazione Euratom-ENEA sulla fusione, c.so S. Uniti 4, 35127 Padova (Italy)

2012-02-15

A 60 kV ion source (9 beamlets of 15 mA each of H{sup -}) and plasma generators are being developed at Consorzio RFX and INFN-LNL, for their versatility in experimental campaigns and for training. Unlike most experimental sources, the design aimed at continuous operation. Magnetic configuration can achieve a minimum |B| trap, smoothly merged with the extraction filter. Modular design allows for quick substitution and upgrading of parts such as the extraction and postacceleration grids or the electrodes in contact with plasma. Experiments with a radio frequency plasma generator and Faraday cage inside the plasma are also described.

Development of a versatile multiaperture negative ion source.

Science.gov (United States)

Cavenago, M; Kulevoy, T; Petrenko, S; Serianni, G; Antoni, V; Bigi, M; Fellin, F; Recchia, M; Veltri, P

2012-02-01

A 60 kV ion source (9 beamlets of 15 mA each of H(-)) and plasma generators are being developed at Consorzio RFX and INFN-LNL, for their versatility in experimental campaigns and for training. Unlike most experimental sources, the design aimed at continuous operation. Magnetic configuration can achieve a minimum ∣B∣ trap, smoothly merged with the extraction filter. Modular design allows for quick substitution and upgrading of parts such as the extraction and postacceleration grids or the electrodes in contact with plasma. Experiments with a radio frequency plasma generator and Faraday cage inside the plasma are also described.

Connecting Leadership and Learning: Do Versatile Learners make Connective Leaders?

OpenAIRE

Jill L. Robinson

2016-01-01

Recent failures in leadership, suggest that creating better-quality leadership development programs is critical. In moving from theory to practice, this paper examined the relationship between learning style and leadership style which may enable us to move away from one-size-fits-all leadership development programs. Utilizing Kolb’s Experiential Learning Model and Connective Leadership theory, approximately 3600 college students were analyzed to discover whether versatility in learning styles...

Connecting leadership and learning: Do versatile learners make connective leaders?

OpenAIRE

Robinson, Jill L.

2016-01-01

Recent failures in leadership, suggest that creating better-quality leadership development programs is critical. In moving from theory to practice, this paper examined the relationship between learning style and leadership style which may enable us to move away from one-size-fits-all leadership development programs. Utilizing Kolb’s Experiential Learning Model and Connective Leadership theory, approximately 3600 college students were analyzed to discover whether versatility in learning styles...

Connecting Leadership and Learning: Do Versatile Learners make Connective Leaders?

OpenAIRE

Jill L. Robinson

2016-01-01

Abstract Recent failures in leadership, suggest that creating better-quality leadership development programs is critical. In moving from theory to practice, this paper examined the relationship between learning style and leadership style which may enable us to move away from one-size-fits-all leadership development programs. Utilizing Kolb’s Experiential Learning Model and Connective Leadership theory, approximately 3600 college students were analyzed to discover whether versatility in le...

PACOM: A Versatile Tool for Integrating, Filtering, Visualizing, and Comparing Multiple Large Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Data Sets.

Science.gov (United States)

Martínez-Bartolomé, Salvador; Medina-Aunon, J Alberto; López-García, Miguel Ángel; González-Tejedo, Carmen; Prieto, Gorka; Navajas, Rosana; Salazar-Donate, Emilio; Fernández-Costa, Carolina; Yates, John R; Albar, Juan Pablo

2018-04-06

Mass-spectrometry-based proteomics has evolved into a high-throughput technology in which numerous large-scale data sets are generated from diverse analytical platforms. Furthermore, several scientific journals and funding agencies have emphasized the storage of proteomics data in public repositories to facilitate its evaluation, inspection, and reanalysis. (1) As a consequence, public proteomics data repositories are growing rapidly. However, tools are needed to integrate multiple proteomics data sets to compare different experimental features or to perform quality control analysis. Here, we present a new Java stand-alone tool, Proteomics Assay COMparator (PACOM), that is able to import, combine, and simultaneously compare numerous proteomics experiments to check the integrity of the proteomic data as well as verify data quality. With PACOM, the user can detect source of errors that may have been introduced in any step of a proteomics workflow and that influence the final results. Data sets can be easily compared and integrated, and data quality and reproducibility can be visually assessed through a rich set of graphical representations of proteomics data features as well as a wide variety of data filters. Its flexibility and easy-to-use interface make PACOM a unique tool for daily use in a proteomics laboratory. PACOM is available at https://github.com/smdb21/pacom .

Structural insight into RNA recognition motifs: versatile molecular Lego building blocks for biological systems.

Science.gov (United States)

Muto, Yutaka; Yokoyama, Shigeyuki

2012-01-01

'RNA recognition motifs (RRMs)' are common domain-folds composed of 80-90 amino-acid residues in eukaryotes, and have been identified in many cellular proteins. At first they were known as RNA binding domains. Through discoveries over the past 20 years, however, the RRMs have been shown to exhibit versatile molecular recognition activities and to behave as molecular Lego building blocks to construct biological systems. Novel RNA/protein recognition modes by RRMs are being identified, and more information about the molecular recognition by RRMs is becoming available. These RNA/protein recognition modes are strongly correlated with their biological significance. In this review, we would like to survey the recent progress on these versatile molecular recognition modules. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Molecular tools for the construction of peptide-based materials.

Science.gov (United States)

Ramakers, B E I; van Hest, J C M; Löwik, D W P M

2014-04-21

Proteins and peptides are fundamental components of living systems where they play crucial roles at both functional and structural level. The versatile biological properties of these molecules make them interesting building blocks for the construction of bio-active and biocompatible materials. A variety of molecular tools can be used to fashion the peptides necessary for the assembly of these materials. In this tutorial review we shall describe five of the main techniques, namely solid phase peptide synthesis, native chemical ligation, Staudinger ligation, NCA polymerisation, and genetic engineering, that have been used to great effect for the construction of a host of peptide-based materials.

Geomorfología y estratigrafía de las formaciones cuaternarias en la región del trapecio amazónico colombiano

OpenAIRE

Jaramillo-Justinico, Alexis; Parra Sánchez, Luis Norberto; Rangel-Churio, Jesús Orlando

2012-01-01

En la región del trapecio amazónico de Colombia, las secuencias sedimentarias recientes (neo formación) dependen en su forma y en su estabilidad del ciclo anual de inundación del río Amazonas. Entre los materiales sedimentarios no afectados por el ciclo actual del río se reconoce a la terraza de Leticia-Tabatinga, de edad estimada entre 8000 y 10000 años A.P., aunque es posible que su modelado se generara en el tardiglaciar (14.000 años AP.). Sus sedimentos están recubiertos por la Formación ...

Contrasting organic aerosol particles from boreal and tropical forests during HUMPPA-COPEC-2010 and AMAZE-08 using coherent vibrational spectroscopy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. J. Ebben

2011-10-01

Full Text Available We present the vibrational sum frequency generation spectra of organic particles collected in a boreal forest in Finland and a tropical forest in Brazil. These spectra are compared to those of secondary organic material produced in the Harvard Environmental Chamber. By comparing coherent vibrational spectra of a variety of terpene and olefin reference compounds, along with the secondary organic material synthesized in the environmental chamber, we show that submicron aerosol particles sampled in Southern Finland during HUMPPA-COPEC-2010 are composed to a large degree of material similar in chemical composition to synthetic α-pinene-derived material. For material collected in Brazil as part of AMAZE-08, the organic component is found to be chemically complex in the coarse mode but highly uniform in the fine mode. When combined with histogram analyses of the isoprene and monoterpene abundance recorded during the HUMPPA-COPEC-2010 and AMAZE-08 campaigns, the findings presented here indicate that if air is rich in monoterpenes, submicron-sized secondary aerosol particles that form under normal OH and O₃ concentration levels can be described in terms of their hydrocarbon content as being similar to α-pinene-derived model secondary organic aerosol particles. If the isoprene concentration dominates the chemical composition of organic compounds in forest air, then the hydrocarbon component of secondary organic material in the submicron size range is not simply well-represented by that of isoprene-derived model secondary organic aerosol particles but is more complex. Throughout the climate-relevant size range of the fine mode, however, we find that the chemical composition of the secondary organic particle material from such air is invariant with size, suggesting that the particle growth does not change the chemical composition of the hydrocarbon component of the particles in a significant way.

VISION: a Versatile and Innovative SIlicOn tracking system

CERN Document Server

Lietti, Daniela; Vallazza, Erik

This thesis work focuses on the study of the performance of different tracking and profilometry systems (the so-called INSULAB, INSUbria LABoratory, and VISION, Versatile and Innovative SIlicON, Telescopes) used in the last years by the NTA-HCCC, the COHERENT (COHERENT effects in crystals for the physics of accelerators), ICE-RAD (Interaction in Crystals for Emission of RADiation) and CHANEL (CHAnneling of NEgative Leptons) experiments, four collaborations of the INFN (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare) dedicated to the research in the crystals physics field.

SEVA Linkers: A Versatile and Automatable DNA Backbone Exchange Standard for Synthetic Biology

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kim, Se Hyeuk; Cavaleiro, Mafalda; Rennig, Maja

2016-01-01

flexibility, and different researchers prefer and master different molecular technologies. Here, we describe a new, highly versatile and automatable standard “SEVA linkers” for vector exchange. SEVA linkers enable backbone swapping with 20 combinations of classical enzymatic restriction/ligation, Gibson...

[Development, science, and politics: the debate surrounding creation of the Instituto Internacional da Hiléia Amazônica].

Science.gov (United States)

Magalhães, Rodrigo Cesar da Silva; Maio, Marcos Chor

2007-12-01

The article uses the debate surrounding creation of the Instituto Internacional da Hiléia Amazônica (International Institute of the Hylean Amazon--IIHA) as a point of departure for analyzing the topic of development. We first address post-World War II relations between science and development. Next, we examine the Brazilian government's initiatives in the Amazon during the 1940s and how the IIHA project was received. Lastly, we analyze the controversies ignited in Brazil by Unesco's plan. The IIHA project was a catalyst of the development debate in post-World War II Brazil. The discussions then sparked in Brazil and the project's denouement solidified a development model for the Amazon that even today underpins initiatives taken in the region.

Eunotiaceae (Bacillariophyceae em igarapés da Amazônia Central, Manaus e Presidente Figueiredo, Brasil Eunotiaceae (Bacillariophyceae from central Amazon rivers, Manaus and Presidente Figueiredo districts, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernanda Ferrari

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Estudos florísticos e taxonômicos envolvendo diatomáceas são escassos para a região amazônica. As publicações existentes incluem registros de diatomáceas da Amazônia brasileira, do Equador, da Colômbia e do Peru e comumente mostram que Eunotia e Actinella (Eunotiaceae são gêneros bem representados nessa região. A maioria dos igarapés amazônicos costuma apresentar potencial hidrogeniônico (pH ácido, característica aquática que promove o desenvolvimento de uma comunidade típica de diatomáceas, dominada por espécimes de Eunotiaceae. O objetivo deste trabalho foi providenciar um levantamento florístico das espécies de Eunotiaceae presentes em igarapés da Amazônia Central brasileira e registrar os morfotipos de algumas espécies. Amostras fitoplanctônicas e perifíticas foram coletadas em cinco igarapés na rodovia BR-174, em Manaus e Presidente Figueiredo, em setembro e outubro de 1996 e fevereiro e março de 1997. Lâminas permanentes foram preparadas de acordo com a técnica de oxidação lenta para o estudo qualitativo. Vinte e três espécies pertencentes ao gênero Eunotia e seis ao gênero Actinella foram determinadas. Chaves dicotômicas de identificação, descrição detalhada, comentários relevantes e ilustrações foram providenciadas para cada táxon determinado. Morfotipos foram documentados para Eunotia zygodon. Espécies raramente citadas na literatura foram registradas, tais como, Eunotia falcifera e Eunotia rostellata.Floristic and taxonomical studies about diatoms to Amazonian region are commonly well represented by Eunotia and Actinella (Eunotiaceae. The available works include diatom assemblage from Brazilian, Ecuadorian, Colombian and Peruvian Amazonia. The local streams often present acid pH which provides environmental conditions to develop a very particular diatom community dominated by specimens of Eunotiaceae. Thus, the aim of this paper is to give a floristic survey of Eunotiaceae from central

Imidazole: Having Versatile Biological Activities

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Amita Verma

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Imidazoles have occupied a unique position in heterocyclic chemistry, and its derivatives have attracted considerable interests in recent years for their versatile properties in chemistry and pharmacology. Imidazole is nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring which possesses biological and pharmaceutical importance. Thus, imidazole compounds have been an interesting source for researchers for more than a century. The imidazole ring is a constituent of several important natural products, including purine, histamine, histidine, and nucleic acid. Being a polar and ionisable aromatic compound, it improves pharmacokinetic characteristics of lead molecules and thus is used as a remedy to optimize solubility and bioavailability parameters of proposed poorly soluble lead molecules. There are several methods used for the synthesis of imidazole-containing compounds, and also their various structure reactions offer enormous scope in the field of medicinal chemistry. The imidazole derivatives possess extensive spectrum of biological activities such as antibacterial, anticancer, antitubercular, antifungal, analgesic, and anti-HIV activities. This paper aims to review the biological activities of imidazole during the past years.

As queimadas na região amazônica e o adoecimento respiratório Ground-clearing fires in the amazon and respiratory disease

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Karen dos Santos Gonçalves

2012-06-01

Full Text Available A queima de biomassa florestal popularmente conhecida como "queimada" é uma prática recorrente e antiga no país e se caracteriza como um dos principais contribuintes mundiais para a emissão de gases de efeito estufa. Entretanto, a consciência global sobre seus possíveis impactos é relativamente recente. A ocorrência de grandes queimadas no cenário brasileiro e internacional despertou a atenção para o problema, mas as medidas tomadas para prevenir e/ou controlar os incêndios ainda são insuficientes. Na região amazônica, com circunstâncias geográficas e ambientais distintas do resto do país, aliadas a um processo histórico de ocupação do território, o uso do fogo expõe a cada ano, parcelas maiores da população tornando-as vulneráveis aos seus efeitos. Neste contexto, esta revisão não sistemática apresenta os trabalhos desenvolvidos nos últimos cinco anos sobre as queimadas na Amazônia Brasileira e o adoecimento respiratório. Tem como objetivo principal fornecer elementos para gestores e dirigentes ambientais sobre as questões que norteiam os problemas relacionados à queima de biomassa florestal na região amazônica.The intentional burning of forest biomass commonly known as "ground-clearing fires" is an age-old and widespread practice in the country and is seen as a major contributor to global emissions of greenhouse gases. However, global awareness of their potential impact is relatively recent. The occurrence of large ground-clearing fires in the Brazilian and international scenarios drew attention to the problem, but the measures taken to prevent and/or control the fires are still insufficient. In the Amazon region, with distinct geographical and environmental features from the rest of the country, with its historic process of land occupation, every year the ground-clearing fires expose larger portions of the population making them vulnerable to its effects. In this context, this non-systematic review presents

ViralORFeome: an integrated database to generate a versatile collection of viral ORFs.

Science.gov (United States)

Pellet, J; Tafforeau, L; Lucas-Hourani, M; Navratil, V; Meyniel, L; Achaz, G; Guironnet-Paquet, A; Aublin-Gex, A; Caignard, G; Cassonnet, P; Chaboud, A; Chantier, T; Deloire, A; Demeret, C; Le Breton, M; Neveu, G; Jacotot, L; Vaglio, P; Delmotte, S; Gautier, C; Combet, C; Deleage, G; Favre, M; Tangy, F; Jacob, Y; Andre, P; Lotteau, V; Rabourdin-Combe, C; Vidalain, P O

2010-01-01

Large collections of protein-encoding open reading frames (ORFs) established in a versatile recombination-based cloning system have been instrumental to study protein functions in high-throughput assays. Such 'ORFeome' resources have been developed for several organisms but in virology, plasmid collections covering a significant fraction of the virosphere are still needed. In this perspective, we present ViralORFeome 1.0 (http://www.viralorfeome.com), an open-access database and management system that provides an integrated set of bioinformatic tools to clone viral ORFs in the Gateway(R) system. ViralORFeome provides a convenient interface to navigate through virus genome sequences, to design ORF-specific cloning primers, to validate the sequence of generated constructs and to browse established collections of virus ORFs. Most importantly, ViralORFeome has been designed to manage all possible variants or mutants of a given ORF so that the cloning procedure can be applied to any emerging virus strain. A subset of plasmid constructs generated with ViralORFeome platform has been tested with success for heterologous protein expression in different expression systems at proteome scale. ViralORFeome should provide our community with a framework to establish a large collection of virus ORF clones, an instrumental resource to determine functions, activities and binding partners of viral proteins.

Uma nova espécie do gênero Temnomastax (Temnomastacinae, Eumastacidae, Orthoptera da Amazônia

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Renan S. Olivier

2014-12-01

Full Text Available O gênero Temnomastax apresenta atualmente sete espécies, sendo amplamente distribuídas pelo domínio Cerrado, na América do Sul. Neste trabalho, uma oitava espécie, Temnomastax spielmanni sp. nov., é descrita para a região Amazônica brasileira. A diagnose da nova espécie baseia-se em caracteres do complexo fálico e em características morfológicas externas. Temnomastax spielmanni sp. nov. apresenta semelhança com Temnomastax beni Rehn & Rehn, 1942, que ocorre em território boliviano, mas pode ser diferenciada por alguns caracteres externos. O complexo fálico de T. spielmanni sp. nov. apresenta caracteres ainda não descritos em Temnomastacinae; tal fato reforça a necessidade da revisão taxonômica dessa subfamília, o que poderá esclarecer as relações filogenéticas existentes.

Notas, novos registros e novas espécies da coleção de Cerambycidae (Coleoptera do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus

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Maria Helena M. Galileo

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Espécies novas descritas da Amazônia brasileira em Ibidionini: Compsibidion uniforme sp. nov. (Amazonas; Heterachthes rafaeli sp. nov. (Amazonas; em Apomecynini: Amphicnaeia lineolata sp. nov. (Pará; em Desmiphorini: Cotycicuiara magnifica sp. nov. (Amazonas. Novos registros e notas são apresentados para: Gnomidolon insulicola Bates, 1885 e G. lansbergei (Thomson, 1867 (Hexoplonini; Desmiphora (D. uniformis Galileo & Martins, 2003 (Desmiphorini; Omosarotes paradoxum (Tippmann, 1955 (Cyrtinini e Ozotroctes ogeri Tavakilian & Néouze, 2007 (Acanthoderini.

Diásporas de encantados na Amazônia Bragantina

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Jerônimo da S. e Silva

2015-06-01

Full Text Available ResumoPartindo de exercícios etnográficos, o texto apresenta experiências diaspóricas de mulheres rezadeiras que, ao migrarem do Nordeste brasileiro para a “Amazônia Bragantina”, no Estado do Pará, a partir da década de 1950, tiveram suas vidas marcadas pelo processo de iniciação junto a entidades da encantaria brasileira (Prandi, 2004. Em viagens noturnas a cemitérios, transfigurações, transportes físicos, vidências e andanças em corpos de animais, ventos e águas, essas rezadeiras revisitaram “mundos” e “tempos” imemoriais, passando a dialogar com pajés e “poderosos” rezadores do Maranhão, Paraíba, Piauí e Ceará, deixando ver pessoas e encantados em outros sentidos de deslocamento. A crença na capacidade das entidades de acompanhar as pessoas detentoras do “dom de rezar” até o Pará, bem como de transitarem continuamente nesses locais, nomadizando-se (Deleuze; Guattari, 1995 entre o “lá” e o “aqui”, constitui o fenômeno da “diáspora dos encantados” (Brah, 2011; Hall, 1999, 2009. A convivência com essas mulheres ensina, entre outros aspectos, a defender concepções de encontros e deslocamentos de culturas que percebam a alteridade radical da cosmologia das ciências humanas, mesmo quando esta se crê fielmente situada em lugares de partida, movimentos de passagem ou chegada, esquecendo, muitas vezes, que se trata não de lugar, mas de trânsitos materiais e simbólicos.

Os níveis de desenvolvimento socioeconômico da população da Amazônia brasileira: 1970 e 1980 Levels of socioeconomic development in the Brazilian Amazon: 1970 and 1980

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Archibald O. Haller

2000-09-01

Full Text Available O artigo discute uma tipologia das áreas de fronteira na Amazônia brasileira e a relevância do conceito de fronteira para o estudo da emergência de anomia social nessas áreas. Propõe correlação positiva entre mudança social acelerada e fatos sociais anômicos, diluição de famílias, criminalidade, violência etc. Apresenta escores dos níveis de desenvolvimento socioeconômico per capita (DSE/kmu das populações de todos os municípios da Amazônia Legal para 1970 e 1980, e conclui que os escores de 327 dos 329 municípios estudados cresceram, o que indica a melhora das condições de vida da população regional, contradizendo a hipótese, comum na literatura, de disrupção social na Amazônia brasileira. Assim, a anomia deve ser esperada com a mudança acelerada. Fatos anômicos não desmentem as melhoras socioeconômicas.The text presents a typology of the different frontier areas within the Brazilian Amazon today and discusses the relevance of the concept of frontier in studying the emergence of social anomie in those areas. It suggests there is a positive correlation between the processes of accelerated social change characteristic of such areas and signs of social anomie, such as the loosening of family and personal ties, increased crime and violence, deterioration of the public order, etc. Per capita levels of socioeconomic development (DSE/kmu were measured among people residing in all municipalities within the administrative region known as Amazônia Legal, for 1970 and 1980. Growth in the scores of 327 of the 329 municipalities under study indicates a strong trend towards improvement of living conditions for the region’s residents. This contradicts the hypothesis found in most of the analytical literature, which contends that the Brazilian Amazon has been stage to social disruption or stagnation. The text argues that anomie is to be expected in situations of accelerated social change, where people, values, and identities

Primeiro registro da quenquém cisco-da-Amazônia Acromyrmex hystrix Latreille (Formicidae: Myrmicinae para o estado do Maranhão, Brasil

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Wesley Dáttilo

2010-12-01

Abstract. It is recorded, for the first time, using pitfall traps, four workers of ant “quenquém-cisco-da-Amazônia”, Acromyrmex hystrix (Latreille (Formicidae: Myrmicinae in a cave at state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. However, we could not imply any additional information about the abundance of this species in the region once that this record was accidental. The region where the individuals were found is placed at border of state of Maranhão and state of Tocantins suggesting that this species also occurs in this state.

Web Viz 2.0: A versatile suite of tools for collaboration and visualization

Science.gov (United States)

Spencer, C.; Yuen, D. A.

2012-12-01

Most scientific applications on the web fail to realize the full collaborative potential of the internet by not utilizing web 2.0 technology. To relieve users from the struggle with software tools and allow them to focus on their research, new software developed for scientists and researchers must harness the full suite of web technology. For several years WebViz 1.0 enabled researchers with any web accessible device to interact with the peta-scale data generated by the Hierarchical Volume Renderer (HVR) system. We have developed a new iteration of WebViz that can be easily interfaced with many problem domains in addition to HVR by employing the best practices of software engineering and object-oriented programming. This is done by separating the core WebViz system from domain specific code at an interface, leveraging inheritance and polymorphism to allow newly developed modules access to the core services. We employed several design patterns (model-view-controller, singleton, observer, and application controller) to engineer this highly modular system implemented in Java.

BeeDoctor, a versatile MLPA-based diagnostic tool for screening bee viruses.

Science.gov (United States)

De Smet, Lina; Ravoet, Jorgen; de Miranda, Joachim R; Wenseleers, Tom; Mueller, Matthias Y; Moritz, Robin F A; de Graaf, Dirk C

2012-01-01

The long-term decline of managed honeybee hives in the world has drawn significant attention to the scientific community and bee-keeping industry. A high pathogen load is believed to play a crucial role in this phenomenon, with the bee viruses being key players. Most of the currently characterized honeybee viruses (around twenty) are positive stranded RNA viruses. Techniques based on RNA signatures are widely used to determine the viral load in honeybee colonies. High throughput screening for viral loads necessitates the development of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction approach in which different viruses can be targeted simultaneously. A new multiparameter assay, called "BeeDoctor", was developed based on multiplex-ligation probe dependent amplification (MLPA) technology. This assay detects 10 honeybee viruses in one reaction. "BeeDoctor" is also able to screen selectively for either the positive strand of the targeted RNA bee viruses or the negative strand, which is indicative for active viral replication. Due to its sensitivity and specificity, the MLPA assay is a useful tool for rapid diagnosis, pathogen characterization, and epidemiology of viruses in honeybee populations. "BeeDoctor" was used for screening 363 samples from apiaries located throughout Flanders; the northern half of Belgium. Using the "BeeDoctor", virus infections were detected in almost eighty percent of the colonies, with deformed wing virus by far the most frequently detected virus and multiple virus infections were found in 26 percent of the colonies.

BeeDoctor, a versatile MLPA-based diagnostic tool for screening bee viruses.

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Lina De Smet

Full Text Available The long-term decline of managed honeybee hives in the world has drawn significant attention to the scientific community and bee-keeping industry. A high pathogen load is believed to play a crucial role in this phenomenon, with the bee viruses being key players. Most of the currently characterized honeybee viruses (around twenty are positive stranded RNA viruses. Techniques based on RNA signatures are widely used to determine the viral load in honeybee colonies. High throughput screening for viral loads necessitates the development of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction approach in which different viruses can be targeted simultaneously. A new multiparameter assay, called "BeeDoctor", was developed based on multiplex-ligation probe dependent amplification (MLPA technology. This assay detects 10 honeybee viruses in one reaction. "BeeDoctor" is also able to screen selectively for either the positive strand of the targeted RNA bee viruses or the negative strand, which is indicative for active viral replication. Due to its sensitivity and specificity, the MLPA assay is a useful tool for rapid diagnosis, pathogen characterization, and epidemiology of viruses in honeybee populations. "BeeDoctor" was used for screening 363 samples from apiaries located throughout Flanders; the northern half of Belgium. Using the "BeeDoctor", virus infections were detected in almost eighty percent of the colonies, with deformed wing virus by far the most frequently detected virus and multiple virus infections were found in 26 percent of the colonies.

Comparações entre as propriedades químicas de solos das regiões da floresta amazônica e do cerrado do Brasil Central Comparisons of chemical properties of forest (Amazon region and savanna soils (central region of Brazil

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J.L.I. Demattê

1993-09-01

Full Text Available Foi estudada uma série de propriedades dos solos das regiões Amazônica e de cerrado. Para a região de cerrado, selecionou-se 17 perfis do Triângulo Mineiro, 6 perfis da região de Goiás e 5 perfis do Sudeste de MT, todos publicados em boletins de solo da EMBRAPA, sendo a maioria latossolos. Na Amazônia, selecionaram-se dados dos Boletins do Projeto RADAM BRASIL, sendo 76 perfis ao todo, retirados desde a região do Pará até o Acre; destes, 38 são latossolos e 38 podzólicos vermelho amarelo (PVA. Para fins de comparação entre os solos as seguintes profundidades foram padronizadas: 0-10 cm; 10-40 cm; 40-80 cm; 80-100 cm. Não foi considerada a camada de serapilheira. Os solos da região do cerrado são mais intemperizados do que os da região Amazônica, havendo dominância de mineralogia oxídica, mais estável do que a dos solos da região Amazônica, onde a mineralogia é caulinítica com contribuição de minerais 2:1. Apesar disso, a CTC dos latossolos da Amazônia não difere da CTC dos solos de cerrado. Na região Amazônica os latossolos apresentam Ki diferenciado, sendo um grupo de solos com Ki na faixa de 0,8-1,5 típico dos latossolos e um grupo na faixa de 2,0-2,2. O grupo dos PVA possui Ki superior a 2,0. Na região de cerrado o Ki varia de 0,6 a 1,5. Os solos da região Amazônica são mais ácidos e apresentam valores de Al trocável significativamente superiores do que os da região de cerrado, o que requer mais corretivos de que o Cerrado. Há grande diferença entre a saturação por bases (V e o pH nos solos das duas regiões. Na região Amazônica a elevação do pH segue a elevação do V enquanto que no cerrado isto não ocorre. Em conseqüência deste fato, o manejo químico em relação à quantidade de calcário deve ser diferenciado entre as regiões. O teor de carbono orgânico nos solos de textura arenosa, a média é sempre maior para a região Amazônica. Entretanto, para todas as profundidades estudadas

Panorama da Sustentabilidade na Fronteira Agrícola de Bioenergia na Amazônia

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Wanja Janayna de Miranda Lameira

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa apresenta um panorama da sustentabilidade em sete municípios paraenses, que fazem parte do polo de produção do dendê (Elaeis guineensis Jacq. na Amazônia oriental. Trata-se de uma área com aproximadamente 46.000 km² que apresenta diferentes padrões de usos da terra, considerada prioritária para a implementação da política nacional dos biocombustíveis por apresentar grandes extensões de terras em condições edafoclimáticas favoráveis. A pesquisa, utilizando o Barômetro da Sustentabilidade – BS, faz uma avaliação ex ante do nível de desenvolvimento dos municípios, analisando dados quantitativos e qualitativos de diferentes fontes a partir de 2010. Foram empregados dezesseis indicadores para o bem-estar humano (social e nove para o bem-estar ecológico (ambiental, ajustados à escala do Barômetro. Os resultados do BS mostraram que os municípios ocupam posições intermediárias e potencialmente insustentáveis, o que reflete a fragilidade socioeconômica e ambiental da região estudada.

Versatile and Rapid Postfunctionalization from Cyclodextrin Modified Host Polymeric Membrane Substrate.

Science.gov (United States)

Deng, Jie; Liu, Xinyue; Zhang, Shuqing; Cheng, Chong; Nie, Chuanxiong; Zhao, Changsheng

2015-09-08

Surface modification has long been of great interest to impart desired functionalities to the bioimplants. However, due to the limitations of recent technologies in surface modification, it is highly desirable to explore novel protocols, which can advantageously and efficiently endow the inert material surfaces with versatile biofunctionalities. Herein, to achieve versatile and rapid postfunctionalization of polymeric membrane, we demonstrate a new strategy for the fabrication of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) modified host membrane substrate that can recognize a series of well-designed guest macromolecules. The surface assembly procedure was driven by the host-guest interaction between adamantane (Ad) and β-CD. β-CD immobilized host membrane was fabricated via two steps: (1) epoxy groups enriched poly(ether sulfone) (PES) membrane was first prepared via in situ cross-linking polymerization and subsequently phase separation; (2) mono-6-deoxy-6-ethylenediamine-β-CD (EDA-β-CD) was then anchored onto the surface of the epoxy functionalized PES membrane to obtain PES-CD. Subsequently, three types of Ad-terminated polymers, including Ad-poly(styrenesulfonate-co-sodium acrylate) (Ad-PSA), Ad-methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) (Ad-PEG), and Ad-poly(methyl chloride-quaternized 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (Ad-PMT), were separately assembled onto the β-CD immobilized surfaces to endow the membranes with anticoagulant, antifouling, and antibacterial capability, respectively. Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), and prothrombin time (PT) measurements were carried out to explore the anticoagulant activity. The antifouling capability was evaluated via protein adsorption and platelet adhesion measurements. Moreover, Staphyllococcous aureus (S. aureus) was selected as model bacteria to evaluate the antibacterial ability of the functionalized membranes. The results indicated that well-regulated blood compatibility, antifouling capability, and

Dos igarapés da Amazônia para o outro lado do Atlântico: a expansão e internacionalização do Santo Daime no contexto religioso global

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Glauber Loures de Assis

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa os processos de expansão da religião ayahuasqueira do Santo Daime da Amazônia para o mundo. O crescimento e internacionalização daimistas são explicados em função de suas características estruturais, a psicoatividade e miscibilidade. Essa expansão é contextualizada dentro do movimento diaspórico das religiões do sul global, isto é, responde ao crescente papel do Brasil e da América Latina no cenário religioso global contemporâneo. Tal crescimento, contudo, foi conflituoso e permeado de tensões nos vários locais em que ocorreu. A expansão também produziu varias consequências nas comunidades tradicionais amazônicas. Argumenta-se que a internacionalização do Santo Daime ilustra as controvérsias e ambivalências religiosas de nosso tempo, estimulando o debate sobre questões fundamentais relacionadas ao contexto religioso global e à própria modernidade.

Perspectives of biomolecular NMR in drug discovery: the blessing and curse of versatility

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jahnke, Wolfgang

2007-01-01

The versatility of NMR and its broad applicability to several stages in the drug discovery process is well known and generally considered one of the major strengths of NMR (Pellecchia et al., Nature Rev Drug Discov 1:211-219, 2002; Stockman and Dalvit, Prog Nucl Magn Reson Spectrosc 41:187-231, 2002; Lepre et al., Comb Chem High throughput screen 5:583-590, 2002; Wyss et al., Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel 5:630-647, 2002; Jahnke and Widmer, Cell Mol Life Sci 61:580-599, 2004; Huth et al., Methods Enzymol 394:549-571, 2005b; Klages et al., Mol Biosyst 2:318-332, 2006; Takeuchi and Wagner, Curr Opin Struct Biol 16:109-117, 2006; Zartler and Shapiro, Curr Pharm Des 12:3963-3972, 2006). Indeed, NMR is the only biophysical technique which can detect and quantify molecular interactions, and at the same time provide detailed structural information with atomic level resolution. NMR should therefore be ideally suited and widely requested as a tool for drug discovery research, and numerous examples of drug discovery projects which have substantially benefited from NMR contributions or were even driven by NMR have been described in the literature. However, not all pharmaceutical companies have rigorously implemented NMR as integral tool of their research processes. Some companies invest with limited resources, and others do not use biomolecular NMR at all. This discrepancy in assessing the value of a technology is striking, and calls for clarification-under which circumstances can NMR provide added value to the drug discovery process? What kind of contributions can NMR make, and how is it implemented and integrated for maximum impact? This perspectives article suggests key areas of impact for NMR, and a model of integrating NMR with other technologies to realize synergies and maximize their value for drug discovery

Innovative methods and tools for professionals working in supported living services for intellectually disabled persons.

Science.gov (United States)

Gruiz, Katalin

2015-01-01

Autonomy of mid-seriously and seriously intellectually disabled persons is encouraged both by legislations on human rights and the modern social care and services. The process leading to the maximum possible autonomy is illustrated by a developmental spiral in our model. Specialty of the development is that the personal educational projects are realized during everyday activities. The process requires conscious professionals with an empowering and motivating attitude, with adult relationship to the intellectually disabled persons and versatile skills and tools. In this educational relationship the social professional and the supported person are equal partners moving together along the spiral of human development. An innovative tool-battery has been developed aiding support-staff in the 'pedagogical' task embedded into everyday social services. The tool-battery and its first application in supported living services of the Hungarian Down Foundation are introduced in this paper.

A Compact, Versatile Six-Port Radar Module for Industrial and Medical Applications

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Sarah Linz

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The Six-port receiver has been intensively investigated in the last decade to be implemented as an alternative radar architecture. Plenty of current scientific publications demonstrate the effectiveness and versatility of the Six-port radar for special industrial, automotive, and medical applications, ranging from accurate contactless vibration analysis, through automotive radar calibration, to remote breath and heartbeat monitoring. Its highlights, such as excellent phase discrimination, trivial signal processing, low circuit complexity, and cost, have lately drawn the attention of companies working with radar technology. A joint project involving the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg and InnoSenT GmbH (Innovative Sensor Technology led to the development of a highly accurate, compact, and versatile Six-port radar module aiming at a reliable high-integration of all subcomponents such as antenna, Six-port front-end, baseband circuitry, and digital signal processing in one single package. Innovative aspects in the RF front-end design as well as in the integration strategy are hereby presented, together with a system overview and measurement results.

Produção de serrapilheira no Cerrado e Floresta de Transição Amazônia-Cerrado do Centro-Oeste Brasileiro

OpenAIRE

Silva,Carlos José da; Sanches,Luciana; Bleich,Monica Elisa; Lobo,Francisco de Almeida; Nogueira,José de Souza

2007-01-01

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a variação da produção de serrapilheira de diferentes biomas: Cerrado (com as fitofisionomias Cerrado sensu stricto e Cerradão) e Floresta de Transição Amazônia-Cerrado, em clima tropical. Para a determinação da produção de serrapilheira foram utilizados coletores de tela em náilon. Dados micrometereológicos foram coletados nas áreas de estudo. A produção de serrapilheira nos dois biomas mostrou acentuada sazonalidade, com as maiores produções ...

GenomeCAT: a versatile tool for the analysis and integrative visualization of DNA copy number variants.

Science.gov (United States)

Tebel, Katrin; Boldt, Vivien; Steininger, Anne; Port, Matthias; Ebert, Grit; Ullmann, Reinhard

2017-01-06

The analysis of DNA copy number variants (CNV) has increasing impact in the field of genetic diagnostics and research. However, the interpretation of CNV data derived from high resolution array CGH or NGS platforms is complicated by the considerable variability of the human genome. Therefore, tools for multidimensional data analysis and comparison of patient cohorts are needed to assist in the discrimination of clinically relevant CNVs from others. We developed GenomeCAT, a standalone Java application for the analysis and integrative visualization of CNVs. GenomeCAT is composed of three modules dedicated to the inspection of single cases, comparative analysis of multidimensional data and group comparisons aiming at the identification of recurrent aberrations in patients sharing the same phenotype, respectively. Its flexible import options ease the comparative analysis of own results derived from microarray or NGS platforms with data from literature or public depositories. Multidimensional data obtained from different experiment types can be merged into a common data matrix to enable common visualization and analysis. All results are stored in the integrated MySQL database, but can also be exported as tab delimited files for further statistical calculations in external programs. GenomeCAT offers a broad spectrum of visualization and analysis tools that assist in the evaluation of CNVs in the context of other experiment data and annotations. The use of GenomeCAT does not require any specialized computer skills. The various R packages implemented for data analysis are fully integrated into GenomeCATs graphical user interface and the installation process is supported by a wizard. The flexibility in terms of data import and export in combination with the ability to create a common data matrix makes the program also well suited as an interface between genomic data from heterogeneous sources and external software tools. Due to the modular architecture the functionality of

The Versatile Link common project: feasibility report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vasey, F; Soos, C; Troska, J; Hall, D; Huffman, T; Weidberg, T; Kwan, S; Prosser, A; Xiang, A; Ye, J

2012-01-01

The Versatile Link is a bi-directional digital optical data link operating at rates up to 4.8 Gbit/s and featuring radiation-resistant low-power and low-mass front-end components. The system is being developed in multimode or singlemode versions operating at 850 nm or 1310 nm wavelength respectively. It has serial data interfaces and is protocol-agnostic, but is targeted to operate in tandem with the GigaBit Transceiver (GBT) serializer/deserializer chip being designed at CERN. This paper gives an overview of the project status three and a half years after its launch. It describes the challenges encountered and highlights the solutions proposed at the system as well as the component level. It concludes with a positive feasibility assesment and an outlook for future project development directions.

Versatile robotic interface to evaluate, enable and train locomotion and balance after neuromotor disorders

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dominici, Nadia; Keller, Urs; Vallery, Heike; Friedli, Lucia; van den Brand, Rubia; Starkey, Michelle L; Musienko, Pavel; Riener, Robert; Courtine, Grégoire

Central nervous system (CNS) disorders distinctly impair locomotor pattern generation and balance, but technical limitations prevent independent assessment and rehabilitation of these subfunctions. Here we introduce a versatile robotic interface to evaluate, enable and train pattern generation and

La iniciativa para la conservación de la Bacia Amazónica: ¿propuesta de conservación o interferencia externa?

OpenAIRE

Celis Falcón, Cinthya Janelle Milagros; Borges, Fábio

2015-01-01

Anais do IV Encontro de Iniciação Científica da Unila - “UNILA 5 anos: Integração em Ciência, Tecnologia e Cultura na Tríplice Fronteira” - 05 e 06 de novembro de 2015 – Sessão Relações Internacionais Este trabajo estudia la iniciativa para la conservación de la amazonia fue lanzada en el 2006. Específicamente, investiga cuál es el grado de interferencia de la Agencia Americana de Desarrollo (USAID) en las acciones que tienen vinculación con las exigencias de la población amazónic...

Ruedas vinculantes como espacio de inclusion en el contexto universitario: la experiencia de la Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Puyo, Pastaza, Ecuador

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosaura Gutiérrez Valerio de May

2016-06-01

Full Text Available En la Universidad Estatal Amazónica (UEA, en la Amazonía Ecuatoriana, se inició un programa de Desarrollo Humano Integral, aplicando la metodología de la TCI. Como primeros resultados de las Ruedas Vinculantes (término utilizado en el contexto universitario para la TCI, se presentan las apreciaciones de los participantes, que resaltan que los temas tratados les sirven como aporte para mejorar sus propios problemas, que sienten alivio y mayor autoconfianza, así como mayor confianza y solidaridad con los compañeros de curso. Esto confirma que las sesiones contribuyen a la creación de redes solidarias.

Design, demonstration and performance of a versatile electrospray aerosol generator for nanomaterial research and applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jennerjohn, Nancy; Fung, David C; Hirakawa, Karen S; Hinds, William; Kennedy, Nola J; Eiguren-Fernandez, Arantzazu; Prikhodko, Sergey; Zavala-Mendez, Jose D

2010-01-01

Carbon nanotubes are difficult to aerosolize in a controlled manner. We present a method for generating aerosols not only of carbon nanotubes, but also of many reference and proprietary materials including quantum dots, diesel particulate matter, urban dust, and their mixtures, using electrospraying. This method can be used as a teaching tool, or as the starting point for advanced research, or to deliver nanomaterials in animal exposure studies. This electrospray system generates 180 μg of nanotubes per m 3 of carrier gas, and thus aerosolizes an occupationally relevant mass concentration of nanotubes. The efficiency achievable for single-walled carbon nanotubes is 9.4%. This system is simple and quick to construct using ordinary lab techniques and affordable materials. Since it is easy to replace soiled parts with clean ones, experiments on different types of nanomaterial can be performed back to back without contamination from previous experiments. In this paper, the design, fabrication, operation and characterization of our versatile electrospray method are presented. Also, the morphological changes that carbon nanotubes undergo as they make the transition from dry powders to aerosol particles are presented.

Versatile Gene-Specific Sequence Tags for Arabidopsis Functional Genomics: Transcript Profiling and Reverse Genetics Applications

Science.gov (United States)

Hilson, Pierre; Allemeersch, Joke; Altmann, Thomas; Aubourg, Sébastien; Avon, Alexandra; Beynon, Jim; Bhalerao, Rishikesh P.; Bitton, Frédérique; Caboche, Michel; Cannoot, Bernard; Chardakov, Vasil; Cognet-Holliger, Cécile; Colot, Vincent; Crowe, Mark; Darimont, Caroline; Durinck, Steffen; Eickhoff, Holger; de Longevialle, Andéol Falcon; Farmer, Edward E.; Grant, Murray; Kuiper, Martin T.R.; Lehrach, Hans; Léon, Céline; Leyva, Antonio; Lundeberg, Joakim; Lurin, Claire; Moreau, Yves; Nietfeld, Wilfried; Paz-Ares, Javier; Reymond, Philippe; Rouzé, Pierre; Sandberg, Goran; Segura, Maria Dolores; Serizet, Carine; Tabrett, Alexandra; Taconnat, Ludivine; Thareau, Vincent; Van Hummelen, Paul; Vercruysse, Steven; Vuylsteke, Marnik; Weingartner, Magdalena; Weisbeek, Peter J.; Wirta, Valtteri; Wittink, Floyd R.A.; Zabeau, Marc; Small, Ian

2004-01-01

Microarray transcript profiling and RNA interference are two new technologies crucial for large-scale gene function studies in multicellular eukaryotes. Both rely on sequence-specific hybridization between complementary nucleic acid strands, inciting us to create a collection of gene-specific sequence tags (GSTs) representing at least 21,500 Arabidopsis genes and which are compatible with both approaches. The GSTs were carefully selected to ensure that each of them shared no significant similarity with any other region in the Arabidopsis genome. They were synthesized by PCR amplification from genomic DNA. Spotted microarrays fabricated from the GSTs show good dynamic range, specificity, and sensitivity in transcript profiling experiments. The GSTs have also been transferred to bacterial plasmid vectors via recombinational cloning protocols. These cloned GSTs constitute the ideal starting point for a variety of functional approaches, including reverse genetics. We have subcloned GSTs on a large scale into vectors designed for gene silencing in plant cells. We show that in planta expression of GST hairpin RNA results in the expected phenotypes in silenced Arabidopsis lines. These versatile GST resources provide novel and powerful tools for functional genomics. PMID:15489341

Formas reificadas de referenciação relativas a personagens de narrativas afiliadas ao lendário amazônico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Heliud Luis Maia MOURA

Full Text Available RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é analisar, a partir dos pressupostos da Linguística Textual e do Sociocognitivismo, formas reificadas de referenciação relativas a personagens de narrativas afiliadas ao lendário amazônico. Tomo como fundamento teórico as postulações de Marcuschi (2007, Fillmore (1976, 1977, 1982, 1985, Feltes (2007, Goffman (1974, 1988, Tomasello (1988, 1992a, 1995a, 2003, Koch (2004, 2006, Geertz (2008, Ferreira (1986, Abbagnano (1962, para os quais, sob diversas perspectivas teóricas, as formas-processos referencial-reificatórios são resultados de reconstruções sociocognitivas e culturais de entidades e eventos em mobilização nas narrativas em estudo.

Processing: A Python Framework for the Seamless Integration of Geoprocessing Tools in QGIS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anita Graser

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Processing is an object-oriented Python framework for the popular open source Geographic Information System QGIS, which provides a seamless integration of geoprocessing tools from a variety of different software libraries. In this paper, we present the development history, software architecture and features of the Processing framework, which make it a versatile tool for the development of geoprocessing algorithms and workflows, as well as an efficient integration platform for algorithms from different sources. Using real-world application examples, we furthermore illustrate how the Processing architecture enables typical geoprocessing use cases in research and development, such as automating and documenting workflows, combining algorithms from different software libraries, as well as developing and integrating custom algorithms. Finally, we discuss how Processing can facilitate reproducible research and provide an outlook towards future development goals.

A Versatile Simulation Environment of FTC Architectures for Large Transport Aircraft

OpenAIRE

Ossmann, Daniel; Varga, Andreas; Simon, Hecker

2010-01-01

We present a simulation environment with 3-D stereo visualization facilities destined for an easy setup and versatile assessment of fault detection and diagnosis based fault tolerant control systems. This environment has been primarily developed as a technology demonstrator of advanced reconfigurable flight control systems and is based on a realistic six degree of freedom flexible aircraft model. The aircraft control system architecture includes a flexible fault detection and diagnosis syste...

Algae biofuels: versatility for the future of bioenergy.

Science.gov (United States)

Jones, Carla S; Mayfield, Stephen P

2012-06-01

The world continues to increase its energy use, brought about by an expanding population and a desire for a greater standard of living. This energy use coupled with the realization of the impact of carbon dioxide on the climate, has led us to reanalyze the potential of plant-based biofuels. Of the potential sources of biofuels the most efficient producers of biomass are the photosynthetic microalgae and cyanobacteria. These versatile organisms can be used for the production of bioethanol, biodiesel, biohydrogen, and biogas. In fact, one of the most economic methods for algal biofuels production may be the combined biorefinery approach where multiple biofuels are produced from one biomass source. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A Stimulator ASIC Featuring Versatile Management for Vestibular Prostheses.

Science.gov (United States)

Dai Jiang; Demosthenous, Andreas; Perkins, Timothy; Xiao Liu; Donaldson, Nick

2011-04-01

This paper presents a multichannel stimulator ASIC for an implantable vestibular prosthesis. The system features versatile stimulation management which allows fine setting of the parameters for biphasic stimulation pulses. To address the problem of charge imbalance due to rounding errors, the digital processor can calculate and provide accurate charge correction. A technique to reduce the data rate to the stimulator is described. The stimulator ASIC was implemented in 0.6-μ m high-voltage CMOS technology occupying an area of 2.27 mm(2). The measured performance of the ASIC has been verified using vestibular electrodes in saline.

A versatile gas-flow proportional counter for Moessbauer spectroscopy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bibicu, I., E-mail: bibicu@infim.ro [National Institute for Materials Physics (Romania); Nicolescu, G. [IFIN-HH, National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (Romania); Cretu, C. [Transylvania University, Physics Department (Romania)

2009-07-15

This article presents a versatile gas-flow proportional counter for surface and transmission Moessbauer spectroscopy, suitable for studies with {sup 57}Fe, {sup 119}Sn and {sup 151}Eu isotopes. The main advantages obtained by new design are: (1) the height of the detection volume can be changed in large limits from 0 to 38 mm, (2) the detection volume can be choose symmetrical or not in respect with anode plan, (3) the anode replacement is easily (4) and different anode configuration can be used. The characteristics of the detector, operating at room temperature, are reported.

Genetic analysis of morphological traits in a new, versatile, rapid-cycling Brassica rapa recombinant inbred line population

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hedayat eBagheri

2012-08-01

Full Text Available A recombinant inbred line (RIL population was produced based on a wide cross between the rapid-cycling and self-compatible genotypes L58, a Caixin vegetable type, and R-o-18, a yellow sarson oil type. A linkage map based on 160 F7 lines was constructed using 100 SNP, 130 AFLP®, 27 InDel and 13 publicly available SSR markers. The map covers a total length of 1150 cM with an average resolution of 4.3 cM/marker. To demonstrate the versatility of this new population, 17 traits, related to plant architecture and seed characteristics, were subjected to QTL analysis. A total of 47 QTLs were detected, each explaining between 6 to 54% of the total phenotypic variance for the concerned trait. The genetic analysis shows that this population is a useful new tool for analyzing genetic variation for interesting traits in B. rapa, and for further exploitation of the recent availability of the B. rapa whole genome sequence for gene cloning and gene function analysis.

Ocorrências de bactérias solubilizadoras de fosfato de cálcio nas raízes de plantas na Amazônia brasileira

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. B. Barroso

2001-09-01

Full Text Available O uso de bactérias solubilizadoras de fosfato pode ser uma alternativa de baixo custo em sistemas agroflorestais na Amazônia, onde os preços e o transporte, aliados à baixa capacidade de aquisição dos produtores, dificultam o uso de adubos solúveis. Em solos sem histórico de cultivo, os fosfatos estão ligados principalmente ao Al, enquanto nos previamente cultivados e corrigidos com calagem, esses fosfatos podem estar ligados ao Ca, limitando seus usos pelas plantas. Existem poucas informações sobre bactérias solubilizadoras de fosfato (BSF na Amazônia, sendo necessário intensificar os estudos nesse sentido. O primeiro passo dessas pesquisas é um estudo sobre a ecologia dessas bactérias, identificando o local e a freqüência de ocorrência. Para isso, foram coletadas amostras de raízes de plantas nos estados do Acre, Amazonas e Rondônia, as quais foram colocadas em placas de Petri com um meio específico capaz de identificar suas presenças. Foram utilizados 28 espécies de plantas de diversas famílias e dois tipos de vegetação múltipla (pastagem e capoeira. Os índices de presença dessas bactérias foram muito baixos (0-10%, evidenciando que, nessas condições, essas bactérias não contribuem efetivamente para melhorar a nutrição das plantas com fósforo.

BFPTool: a software tool for analysis of Biomembrane Force Probe experiments.

Science.gov (United States)

Šmít, Daniel; Fouquet, Coralie; Doulazmi, Mohamed; Pincet, Frédéric; Trembleau, Alain; Zapotocky, Martin

2017-01-01

The Biomembrane Force Probe is an approachable experimental technique commonly used for single-molecule force spectroscopy and experiments on biological interfaces. The technique operates in the range of forces from 0.1 pN to 1000 pN. Experiments are typically repeated many times, conditions are often not optimal, the captured video can be unstable and lose focus; this makes efficient analysis challenging, while out-of-the-box non-proprietary solutions are not freely available. This dedicated tool was developed to integrate and simplify the image processing and analysis of videomicroscopy recordings from BFP experiments. A novel processing feature, allowing the tracking of the pipette, was incorporated to address a limitation of preceding methods. Emphasis was placed on versatility and comprehensible user interface implemented in a graphical form. An integrated analytical tool was implemented to provide a faster, simpler and more convenient way to process and analyse BFP experiments.

The Development and Validation of the Leadership Versatility Index for Students (LVI-S)

Science.gov (United States)

Yarborough, J. Preston

2011-01-01

According to Bass' (1990) summary of fifty years of research and nearly thirty dichotomy-based theories, leaders influence people through autocratic use of power (task-oriented) or through democratic use of power (people-oriented). Each style produces unique tensions and tradeoffs, but versatile leaders can incorporate strategies from both sides…

Versatile microscale screening platform for improving recombinant protein productivity in Chinese hamster ovary cells

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Henning Gram; Nilsson, Claes Nymand; Lund, Anne Mathilde

2015-01-01

to reduce production costs significantly. The aim of this study was to establish a versatile target gene screening platform for improving productivity for primarily non-mAb glycoproteins with complete interchangeability of model proteins and target genes using transient expression. The platform consists...

First report on the colony-forming freshwater ciliate Ophrydium versatile in an African river

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Oberholster, Paul J

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Ophrydium versatile (Müller 1786) Ehrenberg 1830 – a symbiotic ciliate that forms gelatinous colonies – is widely distributed in temperate lakes in Europe and America, but has not previously been recorded from rivers. In this paper we report...

CORRTEX: a compact and versatile system for time domain reflectometry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deupree, R.G.; Eilers, D.D.; McKown, T.O.; Storey, W.H.

1981-01-01

The CORRTEX (COntinuous Reflectometry for Radius versus Time EXperiments) system was designed to be an adaptable and versatile unit for performing time domain reflectometry (TDR). The system consists of a coaxial cable, a digital TDR, which uses a Motorola 6800 microprocessor, a power source or battery pack, and an output terminal or recording driver. Desirable criteria for the system are discussed as well as the operation of the CORRTEX system. The types of present applications of the CORRTEX system are summarized and data presented

“Uma floresta tocada apenas por homens puros...” ou do que aprendemos com os discursos contemporâneos sobre a amazônia

OpenAIRE

Shaula Maíra Vicentini de Sampaio

2012-01-01

A presente tese reflete sobre uma rede discursiva a partir da qual são produzidas (e ensinadas) algumas verdades sobre a floresta amazônica, entre as quais está o entendimento de que as populações designadas tradicionais apresentam modos de habitar esse espaço e de se relacionar com a natureza dessa região considerados mais adequados e sustentáveis. Dessa forma, o argumento central que o estudo desenvolve é que a noção de sustentabilidade atua como um dispositivo estratégico na constituição e...

Development of a Mechanically Versatile Bioreactor System as a Cellular Microgravity Countermeasure for Regenerative Medicine Applications

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — The primary objective of this research project is to develop a compact, mechanically versatile bioreactor capable of producing desired local mechanical environments...

Mobility analysis tool based on the fundamental principle of conservation of energy.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Spletzer, Barry Louis; Nho, Hyuchul C.; Salton, Jonathan Robert

2007-08-01

In the past decade, a great deal of effort has been focused in research and development of versatile robotic ground vehicles without understanding their performance in a particular operating environment. As the usage of robotic ground vehicles for intelligence applications increases, understanding mobility of the vehicles becomes critical to increase the probability of their successful operations. This paper describes a framework based on conservation of energy to predict the maximum mobility of robotic ground vehicles over general terrain. The basis of the prediction is the difference between traction capability and energy loss at the vehicle-terrain interface. The mission success of a robotic ground vehicle is primarily a function of mobility. Mobility of a vehicle is defined as the overall capability of a vehicle to move from place to place while retaining its ability to perform its primary mission. A mobility analysis tool based on the fundamental principle of conservation of energy is described in this document. The tool is a graphical user interface application. The mobility analysis tool has been developed at Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM. The tool is at an initial stage of development. In the future, the tool will be expanded to include all vehicles and terrain types.

Desenvolvimento do hiper-livro Amazônia: enriquecendo a experiência do aluno através do tablet

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcos Lima Filho

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Este estudo descreve as tecnologias e mídias aplicadas no desenvolvimento de uma hipermídia voltada a tablets: o hiper-livro Amazônia. Foi utilizada a plataforma de produção de hiper-livros iBooks Author (Apple em conjunto aos softwares Keynote (Apple, empregado na produção de infográficos interativos, SketchUp (Google, no design de modelos 3D e o iMovie (Apple na edição de vídeos. As mídias utilizadas foram imagens, vídeos, mapas e infográficos interativos. Concluiu-se que a tecnologia do tablet proporciona a criação de objetos virtuais de aprendizagem hipermidiáticos, tornando-o visualmente rico. Consequentemente, a discursividade escrita per se mostrou-se insuficiente para a criação de obras hipermidiáticas.

Origami: A Versatile Modeling System for Visualising Chemical Structure and Exploring Molecular Function

Science.gov (United States)

Davis, James; Leslie, Ray; Billington, Susan; Slater, Peter R.

2010-01-01

The use of "Origami" is presented as an accessible and transferable modeling system through which to convey the intricacies of molecular shape and highlight structure-function relationships. The implementation of origami has been found to be a versatile alternative to conventional ball-and-stick models, possessing the key advantages of being both…

Treetop shelter of a neotropical river otter cub (Lontra longicaudis - Carnivora: Mustelidae in an Amazonian flooded forest Abrigo em copa de árvore de filhote de lontra neotropical (Lontra longicaudis - Carnivora: Mustelidae em floresta inundável amazônica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pedro Manuel Ribeiro Simões dos Santos

2007-06-01

Full Text Available The finding of a Neotropical river otter (Lontra longicaudis cub occupying a shelter in a hollowed treetop is reported. The observation was made in a seasonally flooded forest in Central Amazonia, during the high water peak of the annual inundation cycle. A literature review indicates that this is the first description of a shelter of the species, both in a hollowed tree and in Amazonia. This observation can indicate a strong relationship between the species' breeding cycle with the annual dynamics of Amazonian rivers. We discuss potential advantages and disadvantages of breeding when water level is high.É relatada a observação de um filhote de lontra (Lontra longicaudis ocupando um abrigo em uma cavidade na copa de uma árvore. A observação foi feita em uma floresta inundada na Amazônia Central, no pico de cheia do ciclo anual de inundação. A revisão da literatura revela que esta é a primeira descrição de um abrigo desta espécie em uma cavidade de árvore na natureza e na Amazônia. Tal observação pode indicar uma forte relação entre o ciclo reprodutivo da espécie e a dinâmica anual dos rios amazônicos. Discutimos vantagens e desvantagens potenciais da reprodução na época da cheia.

Very Low NF, High DR Heterodyne RF Lightwave Links Using a Simple, Versatile Photonic Integration Technology

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Forrest, Stephen R

2006-01-01

...: Demonstration of a versatile integration technology based on the asymmetric twin waveguide platform that allowed for the realization of a broad range of components useful in RF photonic components...

Diazo Compounds: Versatile Tools for Chemical Biology.

Science.gov (United States)

Mix, Kalie A; Aronoff, Matthew R; Raines, Ronald T

2016-12-16

Diazo groups have broad and tunable reactivity. That and other attributes endow diazo compounds with the potential to be valuable reagents for chemical biologists. The presence of diazo groups in natural products underscores their metabolic stability and anticipates their utility in a biological context. The chemoselectivity of diazo groups, even in the presence of azido groups, presents many opportunities. Already, diazo compounds have served as chemical probes and elicited novel modifications of proteins and nucleic acids. Here, we review advances that have facilitated the chemical synthesis of diazo compounds, and we highlight applications of diazo compounds in the detection and modification of biomolecules.

Diazo Compounds: Versatile Tools for Chemical Biology

OpenAIRE

Mix, Kalie A.; Aronoff, Matthew R.; Raines, Ronald T.

2016-01-01

Diazo groups have broad and tunable reactivity. That and other attributes endow diazo compounds with the potential to be valuable reagents for chemical biologists. The presence of diazo groups in natural products underscores their metabolic stability and anticipates their utility in a biological context. The chemoselectivity of diazo groups, even in the presence of azido groups, presents many opportunities. Already, diazo compounds have served as chemical probes and elicited novel modificatio...

Género, dinero y fronteras amazónicas: la “prostitución” en la ciudad transfronteriza de Brasil, Colombia y Perú

OpenAIRE

Nieto Olivar, José Miguel

2018-01-01

Resumen Este artículo está enfocado en la comprensión de la “prostitución” en la ciudad transfronteriza amazónica conformada por Tabatinga (Brasil), Leticia (Colombia) y la isla de Santa Rosa (Perú), y en las maneras como dicha “prostitución” está implicada en el “proceso de fronterización” y en la vida transfronteriza. Mi hipótesis es que esta “prostitución”, sus formas, flujos y relaciones, se presenta como una pequeña sinécdoque del proceso multiactancial de efectuación fronteriza y de gén...

La competencia por el control del espacio amazónico en el contexto de la diplomacia sudamericana, 1830-1998

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristián Garay Vera

2016-11-01

Full Text Available El artículo analiza las tensiones por el control de la cuenca amazónica entre Brasil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú, durante los siglos XIX y XX. Se exploran diferentes casos: el diferendo entre Ecuador y Perú a partir de 1830, la cuestión del Acre entre Bolivia y Brasil desde nales del siglo XIX y el incidente de Leticia entre Colombia y Perú, desde 1911. También se examinan varias redeniciones territoriales ocurridas en 1909, 1922, 1934, 1942 y 1998, completando casi un siglo de cambios en la consolidación territorial de los Estados con acceso al Amazonas. En medio de este choque de intereses, el artículo caracteriza a Brasil y Perú como actores activos, mientras que dene como reactivos a Ecuador, Colombia y Bolivia

Driverless transport systems. Globally and versatility in operation; Fahrerlose Transportsysteme. Global und vielseitig im Einsatz

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Irrgang Reinhard

2013-05-10

Driverless transport systems enjoy a strong international demand and just versatile applications. The application possibilities are across all industries and include applications in the automotive industry, the pharmaceutical industry as well as banks, clinics and mechanical engineering.

O léxico do "ribeirinho" amazônico: um exemplo de sustentação e expansão de valores

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Devino João Zambonin

2001-02-01

Full Text Available

A análise do léxico específico do ribeirinho põe-nos em contato não só com a praxis sócio-cultural que faz desse grupo social um grupo diferenciado de forma marcante, como também nos proporciona o conhecimento de sua dinâmica interna num espaço e tempo determinados. O campo Léxico das crenças mostra-nos como o caboclo amazônico se relaciona com o sobrenatural: encara-o como algo sempre presente em sua vida, é inclinado a lhe atribuir valor prático e se apresenta como indispensável à sua sobrevivência.

A versatile gas interface for routine radiocarbon analysis with a gas ion source

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wacker, L., E-mail: wacker@phys.ethz.ch [Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich (Switzerland); Fahrni, S.M. [Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Berne (Switzerland); Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3012 Berne (Switzerland); Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), 5232 Villigen (Switzerland); Hajdas, I. [Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich (Switzerland); Molnar, M. [Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich (Switzerland); Institute of Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 4026 Debrecen (Hungary); Synal, H.-A. [Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich (Switzerland); Szidat, S. [Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Berne (Switzerland); Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3012 Berne (Switzerland); Zhang, Y.L. [Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Berne (Switzerland); Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3012 Berne (Switzerland); Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), 5232 Villigen (Switzerland)

2013-01-15

In 2010 more than 600 radiocarbon samples were measured with the gas ion source at the MIni CArbon DAting System (MICADAS) at ETH Zurich and the number of measurements is rising quickly. While most samples contain less than 50 {mu}g C at present, the gas ion source is attractive as well for larger samples because the time-consuming graphitization is omitted. Additionally, modern samples are now measured down to 5 per-mill counting statistics in less than 30 min with the recently improved gas ion source. In the versatile gas handling system, a stepping-motor-driven syringe presses a mixture of helium and sample CO{sub 2} into the gas ion source, allowing continuous and stable measurements of different kinds of samples. CO{sub 2} can be provided in four different ways to the versatile gas interface. As a primary method, CO{sub 2} is delivered in glass or quartz ampoules. In this case, the CO{sub 2} is released in an automated ampoule cracker with 8 positions for individual samples. Secondly, OX-1 and blank gas in helium can be provided to the syringe by directly connecting gas bottles to the gas interface at the stage of the cracker. Thirdly, solid samples can be combusted in an elemental analyzer or in a thermo-optical OC/EC aerosol analyzer where the produced CO{sub 2} is transferred to the syringe via a zeolite trap for gas concentration. As a fourth method, CO{sub 2} is released from carbonates with phosphoric acid in septum-sealed vials and loaded onto the same trap used for the elemental analyzer. All four methods allow complete automation of the measurement, even though minor user input is presently still required. Details on the setup, versatility and applications of the gas handling system are given.

A Versatile Active Block: DXCCCII and Tunable Applications

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S. A. Tekin

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The study describes dual-X controlled current conveyor (DXCCCII as a versatile active block and its application to inductance simulators for testing. Moreover, the high pass filter application using with DXCCCII based inductance simulator and oscillator with flexible tunable oscillation frequency have been presented and simulated to confirm the theoretical validity. The proposed circuit which has a simple circuit design requires the low-voltage and the DXCCCII can also be tuned in the wide range by the biasing current. The proposed DXCCCII provides a good linearity, high output impedance at Z terminals, and a reasonable current and voltage transfer gain accuracy. The proposed DXCCCII and its applications have been simulated using the CMOS 0.18 µm technology.

Versatile hydrothermal synthesis of one-dimensional composite structures

Science.gov (United States)

Luo, Yonglan

2008-12-01

In this paper we report on a versatile hydrothermal approach developed to fabricate one-dimensional (1D) composite structures. Sulfur and selenium formed liquid and adsorbed onto microrods as droplets and subsequently reacted with metallic ion in solution to produce nanoparticles-decorated composite microrods. 1D composites including ZnO/CdS, ZnO/MnS, ZnO/CuS, ZnO/CdSe, and FeOOH/CdS were successfully made using this hydrothermal strategy and the growth mechanism was also discussed. This hydrothermal strategy is simple and green, and can be extended to the synthesis of various 1D composite structures. Moreover, the interaction between the shell nanoparticles and the one-dimensional nanomaterials were confirmed by photoluminescence investigation of ZnO/CdS.

Versatile secondary trigger for a multi-detector system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ouimette, D.; Porat, D.; Tilghman, A.; Young, C.

1982-10-01

The electronics of a secondary trigger for particle physics is described. The system has several desirable features that solve track recognition problems in situations where several subsystems of various cell configurations participate in the decision making. Track curvature and multiplicity are the criteria used. Versatility is attained through the use of programmable Array Logic (PAL) and a 48-bit wide ROM-based sequencer that determines, with the resolution of a cell, the participation of each element in the decision process. Data from layers with arbitrary numbers of cells are shifted in a progammable manner through a PROM mask containing eight different track definitions. The results of any one of the eight triggering criteria are available 5.6 μs after the end of drift interval

Alimentação e comensalidade entre os Kanamari da Amazônia Ocidental

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Luiz Costa

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa o impacto das relações assimétricas de "maestria" na criação e na perpetuação do parentesco. Seu foco etnográfico são os Kanamari, povo de língua katukina da Amazônia ocidental, que distinguem entre duas modalidades de distribuir e consumir comida: "alimentação", designando uma relação assimétrica de dependência; e "comensalidade", implicando relações mútuas de partilha de comida. A segunda categoria de relações deriva da primeira, que é a base a partir da qual o parentesco kanamari se constitui. A maestria é, desta forma, lógica e ontogeneticamente anterior à mutualidade. O artigo explora essa anterioridade através de uma análise das práticas de criação de xerimbabos, e dos laços entre mães e filhos e chefes e seguidores. Explora, ainda, a relação entre "alimentação", "comensalidade" e "predação", afirmando que, para os Kanamari, a alimentação é o meio para se transformar a predação em comensalidade.

Structural concepts and experimental considerations for a versatile high-speed research airplane

Science.gov (United States)

Jackson, L. R.; Kirkham, F. S.; Weidner, J. P.

1978-01-01

Future aircraft may be hydrogen fueled and fly at hypersonic speeds. The resulting environments will require new structural concepts to satisfy performance goals. Large representative structures will have to be flight tested prior to commitment to a costly vehicle fleet. To perform flight tests, a versatile, economical, high-speed research airplane is defined. Results of this study including experimental considerations for a hypersonic research airplane are reported.

Identidades ambientales, un caso comparativo entre el Trapecio amazónico y el Archipiélago de San Andrés

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Pablo De La Cruz

2014-01-01

Full Text Available A partir de la definición de identidad ambiental, el artículo compara los procesos de transformación identitaria que han tenido lugar en el Trapecio amazónico colombiano y en el Archipiélago de San Andrés, por cuanto son dos casos de redefinición histórica de la etnicidad con referencia al medio geográfico, al encuentro con la colombianidad, a la agudización del discurso y a las tensiones que los capitales y los agentes institucionales generan en torno a lo tradicional. Se analiza el creciente turismo, la influencia de las agencias de cooperación y sus efectos en el desplazamiento de lo sagrado hacia una “cultura teatral”.

Nanobody-derived nanobiotechnology tool kits for diverse biomedical and biotechnology applications.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Yongzhong; Fan, Zhen; Shao, Lei; Kong, Xiaowei; Hou, Xianjuan; Tian, Dongrui; Sun, Ying; Xiao, Yazhong; Yu, Li

2016-01-01

Owing to peculiar properties of nanobody, including nanoscale size, robust structure, stable and soluble behaviors in aqueous solution, reversible refolding, high affinity and specificity for only one cognate target, superior cryptic cleft accessibility, and deep tissue penetration, as well as a sustainable source, it has been an ideal research tool for the development of sophisticated nanobiotechnologies. Currently, the nanobody has been evolved into versatile research and application tool kits for diverse biomedical and biotechnology applications. Various nanobody-derived formats, including the nanobody itself, the radionuclide or fluorescent-labeled nanobodies, nanobody homo- or heteromultimers, nanobody-coated nanoparticles, and nanobody-displayed bacteriophages, have been successfully demonstrated as powerful nanobiotechnological tool kits for basic biomedical research, targeting drug delivery and therapy, disease diagnosis, bioimaging, and agricultural and plant protection. These applications indicate a special advantage of these nanobody-derived technologies, already surpassing the "me-too" products of other equivalent binders, such as the full-length antibodies, single-chain variable fragments, antigen-binding fragments, targeting peptides, and DNA-based aptamers. In this review, we summarize the current state of the art in nanobody research, focusing on the nanobody structural features, nanobody production approach, nanobody-derived nanobiotechnology tool kits, and the potentially diverse applications in biomedicine and biotechnology. The future trends, challenges, and limitations of the nanobody-derived nanobiotechnology tool kits are also discussed.

msBiodat analysis tool, big data analysis for high-throughput experiments.

Science.gov (United States)

Muñoz-Torres, Pau M; Rokć, Filip; Belužic, Robert; Grbeša, Ivana; Vugrek, Oliver

2016-01-01

Mass spectrometry (MS) are a group of a high-throughput techniques used to increase knowledge about biomolecules. They produce a large amount of data which is presented as a list of hundreds or thousands of proteins. Filtering those data efficiently is the first step for extracting biologically relevant information. The filtering may increase interest by merging previous data with the data obtained from public databases, resulting in an accurate list of proteins which meet the predetermined conditions. In this article we present msBiodat Analysis Tool, a web-based application thought to approach proteomics to the big data analysis. With this tool, researchers can easily select the most relevant information from their MS experiments using an easy-to-use web interface. An interesting feature of msBiodat analysis tool is the possibility of selecting proteins by its annotation on Gene Ontology using its Gene Id, ensembl or UniProt codes. The msBiodat analysis tool is a web-based application that allows researchers with any programming experience to deal with efficient database querying advantages. Its versatility and user-friendly interface makes easy to perform fast and accurate data screening by using complex queries. Once the analysis is finished, the result is delivered by e-mail. msBiodat analysis tool is freely available at http://msbiodata.irb.hr.

O acervo de mosquitos (Diptera, Culicidae de Nelson L. Cerqueira na Coleção de Invertebrados do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brasil The Nelson L. Cerqueira Mosquito Collection (Diptera, Culicidae in the Invertebrate Collection of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil

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Rosa Sá Gomes Hutchings

2005-03-01

Full Text Available Registra-se a descoberta de espécimes de mosquitos que pertenciam a Nelson L. Cerqueira, e estão sendo depositados na coleção de Invertebrados do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia. A coleção contém 2.046 espécimes adultos e 387 lâminas representando 261 espécies, 22 gêneros, incluindo 51 parátipos de 34 espécies. Mais de 90% dos espécimes foram coletados no Brasil dos quais metade são do Estado do Amazonas. As espécies representadas neste acervo são listadas indicando o número de espécimes para cada tipo de preparação e as localidades de coleta. O material tipo também é listado, incluindo os dados dos rótulos de identificação e de procedência, bem como outras informações pertinentes.The discovery of mosquito specimens that belonged to Nelson L. Cerqueira, which are being deposited in the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Invertebrate Collection, is reported. The collection contains 2,046 adult specimens and 387 slide preparations representing 261 species, 22 genera, including 51 paratypes of 34 species. More than 90% of the specimens were collected in Brazil of which half are from the State of Amazonas. A list of the species represented in this collection is provided indicating the number of specimens for each type of preparation and the collecting localities. The type specimens are also listed including their label data and other pertinent information.

A novel versatile microbiosensor for local hydrogen detection by means of scanning photoelectrochemical microscopy.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Fangyuan; Conzuelo, Felipe; Hartmann, Volker; Li, Huaiguang; Stapf, Stefanie; Nowaczyk, Marc M; Rögner, Matthias; Plumeré, Nicolas; Lubitz, Wolfgang; Schuhmann, Wolfgang

2017-08-15

The development of a versatile microbiosensor for hydrogen detection is reported. Carbon-based microelectrodes were modified with a [NiFe]-hydrogenase embedded in a viologen-modified redox hydrogel for the fabrication of a sensitive hydrogen biosensor By integrating the microbiosensor in a scanning photoelectrochemical microscope, it was capable of serving simultaneously as local light source to initiate photo(bio)electrochemical reactions while acting as sensitive biosensor for the detection of hydrogen. A hydrogen evolution biocatalyst based on photosystem 1-platinum nanoparticle biocomplexes embedded into a specifically designed redox polymer was used as a model for proving the capability of the developed hydrogen biosensor for the detection of hydrogen upon localized illumination. The versatility and sensitivity of the proposed microbiosensor as probe tip allows simplification of the set-up used for the evaluation of complex electrochemical processes and the rapid investigation of local photoelectrocatalytic activity of biocatalysts towards light-induced hydrogen evolution. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Transposons As Tools for Functional Genomics in Vertebrate Models.

Science.gov (United States)

Kawakami, Koichi; Largaespada, David A; Ivics, Zoltán

2017-11-01

Genetic tools and mutagenesis strategies based on transposable elements are currently under development with a vision to link primary DNA sequence information to gene functions in vertebrate models. By virtue of their inherent capacity to insert into DNA, transposons can be developed into powerful tools for chromosomal manipulations. Transposon-based forward mutagenesis screens have numerous advantages including high throughput, easy identification of mutated alleles, and providing insight into genetic networks and pathways based on phenotypes. For example, the Sleeping Beauty transposon has become highly instrumental to induce tumors in experimental animals in a tissue-specific manner with the aim of uncovering the genetic basis of diverse cancers. Here, we describe a battery of mutagenic cassettes that can be applied in conjunction with transposon vectors to mutagenize genes, and highlight versatile experimental strategies for the generation of engineered chromosomes for loss-of-function as well as gain-of-function mutagenesis for functional gene annotation in vertebrate models, including zebrafish, mice, and rats. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Versatile and Efficient Targeting Using a Single Nanoparticulate Platform: Application to Cancer and Alzheimer's Disease

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Le Droumaguet, Benjamin; Nicolas, Julien; Brambilla, Davide; Mura, Simona; Maksimenko, Andrei; de Kimpe, Line; Salvati, Elisa; Zona, Cristiano; Airoldi, Cristina; Canovi, Mara; Gobbi, Marco; Magali, Noiray; La Ferla, Barbara; Nicotra, Francesco; Scheper, Wiep; Flores, Orfeu; Masserini, Massimo; Andrieux, Karine; Couvreur, Patrick

2012-01-01

A versatile and efficient functionalization strategy for polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) has been reported and successfully applied to PEGylated, biodegradable poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) (PACA) nanocarriers. The relevance of this platform was demonstrated in both the fields of cancer and Alzheimer's

A versatile programmable CAMAC random pulse generator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdel-Aal, R.E.

1991-01-01

A new technique for generating linear pulses which can be random in both amplitude and time is described. With this technique, desired values for both pulse amplitude and spacing are set for the individual pulses by the software on a pulse-by-pulse basis. The versatility offered by this software programming allows a wide range of distributions to be obtained; with the user having close control on the distribution parameters. A number of such distributions may also be combined into a single output pulse stream. An implementation in a CAMAC module is presented. Both hardware and software aspects are described and typical performance results for amplitude and time distributions of the uniform and Gaussian type are given. Implications of using the pulser in a typical data acquisition environment on both the data acquisition and the pulser performance are considered. Typical applications are discussed together with some of the limitations. (orig.)

Parallel solid-phase isothermal amplification and detection of multiple DNA targets in microliter-sized wells of a digital versatile disc

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santiago-Felipe, Sara; Tortajada-Genaro, Luis Antonio; Puchades, Rosa; Maquieira, Ángel

2016-01-01

An integrated method for the parallelized detection of multiple DNA target sequences is presented by using microstructures in a digital versatile disc (DVD). Samples and reagents were managed by using both the capillary and centrifugal forces induced by disc rotation. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), in a bridge solid phase format, took place in separate wells, which thereby modified their optical properties. Then the DVD drive reader recorded the modifications of the transmitted laser beam. The strategy allowed tens of genetic determinations to be made simultaneously within <2 h, with small sample volumes (3 μL), low manipulation and at low cost. The method was applied to high-throughput screening of relevant safety threats (allergens, GMOs and pathogenic bacteria) in food samples. Satisfactory results were obtained in terms of sensitivity (48.7 fg of DNA) and reproducibility (below 18 %). This scheme warrants cost-effective multiplex amplification and detection and is perceived to represent a viable tool for screening of nucleic acid targets. (author)

GO2OGS 1.0: a versatile workflow to integrate complex geological information with fault data into numerical simulation models

Science.gov (United States)

Fischer, T.; Naumov, D.; Sattler, S.; Kolditz, O.; Walther, M.

2015-11-01

We offer a versatile workflow to convert geological models built with the ParadigmTM GOCAD© (Geological Object Computer Aided Design) software into the open-source VTU (Visualization Toolkit unstructured grid) format for usage in numerical simulation models. Tackling relevant scientific questions or engineering tasks often involves multidisciplinary approaches. Conversion workflows are needed as a way of communication between the diverse tools of the various disciplines. Our approach offers an open-source, platform-independent, robust, and comprehensible method that is potentially useful for a multitude of environmental studies. With two application examples in the Thuringian Syncline, we show how a heterogeneous geological GOCAD model including multiple layers and faults can be used for numerical groundwater flow modeling, in our case employing the OpenGeoSys open-source numerical toolbox for groundwater flow simulations. The presented workflow offers the chance to incorporate increasingly detailed data, utilizing the growing availability of computational power to simulate numerical models.

MASH Suite: a user-friendly and versatile software interface for high-resolution mass spectrometry data interpretation and visualization.

Science.gov (United States)

Guner, Huseyin; Close, Patrick L; Cai, Wenxuan; Zhang, Han; Peng, Ying; Gregorich, Zachery R; Ge, Ying

2014-03-01

The rapid advancements in mass spectrometry (MS) instrumentation, particularly in Fourier transform (FT) MS, have made the acquisition of high-resolution and high-accuracy mass measurements routine. However, the software tools for the interpretation of high-resolution MS data are underdeveloped. Although several algorithms for the automatic processing of high-resolution MS data are available, there is still an urgent need for a user-friendly interface with functions that allow users to visualize and validate the computational output. Therefore, we have developed MASH Suite, a user-friendly and versatile software interface for processing high-resolution MS data. MASH Suite contains a wide range of features that allow users to easily navigate through data analysis, visualize complex high-resolution MS data, and manually validate automatically processed results. Furthermore, it provides easy, fast, and reliable interpretation of top-down, middle-down, and bottom-up MS data. MASH Suite is convenient, easily operated, and freely available. It can greatly facilitate the comprehensive interpretation and validation of high-resolution MS data with high accuracy and reliability.

“Un piccolo pataccio al rio dell’Amazzoni”: Pirataria europeia e projetos italianos na Amazônia na época da Monarquia hispânica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alírio Cardoso

2014-06-01

Full Text Available No início do século XVII, navegadores e comerciantes de diversas nações frequentavam as águas do território hoje conhecido como Amazônia brasileira, correspondente ao antigo Estado do Maranhão e Grão-Pará (1621-1770. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a relação entre Portugal e Espanha com os demais concorrentes europeus no cenário atlântico utilizando como estudo de caso as tentativas de navegação toscana para o extremo norte da América portuguesa

Tuning the Thermochemical Properties of Oxonol Dyes for Digital Versatile Disc Recordable: Reduction of Thermal Interference in High-Speed Recording

Science.gov (United States)

Morishima, Shin-Ichi; Wariishi, Koji; Mikoshiba, Hisashi; Inagaki, Yoshio; Shibata, Michihiro; Hashimoto, Hirokazu; Kubo, Hiroshi

To reduce thermal interference between adjacent recording marks on a recordable digital versatile disc, we examined the thermochemical behavior of oxonol dyes for digital versatile disc recordable (DVD-R). We found that oxonol dyes with Meldrum's acid skeleton exhibited an abrupt reduction in weight with increasing temperature without generating excessive heat that is the fundamental cause of thermal interference. DVD-R with the oxonol dyes suppressed fluctuation in the shapes of recorded marks, thereby attaining compatibility with high-speed recording.

La agricultura en la Amazonia ribereña del río Ucayali: ¿una zona productiva pero poco rentable? A agricultura ribeirinha Amazônica do rio Ucayali: uma zona produtiva mas pouco rentável?

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Ricardo A. Labarta

2007-06-01

Full Text Available La riqueza de los suelos aluviales a lo largo de los ríos amazónicos permite altos rendimientos en los cultivos. En el Perú, esta característica ha sido sustento de propuestas que sugieren concentrar la agricultura amazónica en sus riberas. Sin embargo, la viabilidad económica de la agricultura ribereña sigue siendo desconocida. Este artículo usa un modelo agroeconómico y analiza la rentabilidad de la agricultura ribereña del río Ucayali en las cercanías de Pucallpa. Se da énfasis a la importancia de las distintas condiciones agronómicas y del mercadeo propias de la zona. Los resultados muestran que la rentabilidad de los sistemas agrícolas ribereños difiere con el tipo de tierra utilizado y con el carácter temporal o permanente de la actividad que realizan los agricultores. Además, la rentabilidad está condicionada a las variaciones propias de la agricultura ribereña, particularmente las inundaciones tempranas. Así los buenos rendimientos de sus suelos aluviales no garantizan la rentabilidad en todos sus cultivos y sistemas.A fertilidade dos solos aluviais ao longo dos rios da Amazônia resulta em altos rendimentos agrícolas. No Peru, esta característica tem levado à propostas de política que sugerem que se concentre a agricultura da Amazônia ao longo das costas dos rios. Contudo, a viabilidade econômica da agricultura ribeirinha é ainda desconhecida. O presente artigo usa um modelo agroeconômico para analisar a lucratividade deste tipo de agricultura no rio Ucayalinas proximidades de Pucallpa. Ênfase especial foi dada às condições de produção e comercialização na área. Os resultados mostram que a lucratividade dos sistemas de cultivo ribeirinhos variam de acordo com o tipo de solo em questão e a natureza temporal ou permanente das atividades dos agricultores. Ademais, esta lucratividade é condicionada pelas variações na agricultura ribeirinha, especialmente as enchentes prematuras dos rios. Deste modo

A versatile bio-based material for efficiently removing toxic dyes, heavy metal ions and emulsified oil droplets from water simultaneously.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Daikun; Li, Qing; Mao, Daoyong; Bai, Ningning; Dong, Hongzhou

2017-12-01

Developing versatile materials for effective water purification is significant for environment and water source protection. Herein, a versatile bio-based material (CH-PAA-T) was reported by simple thermal cross-linking chitosan and polyacrylic acid which exhibits excellent performances for removing insoluble oil, soluble toxic dyes and heavy metal ions from water, simultaneously. The adsorption capacities are 990.1mgg -1 for methylene blue (MB) and 135.9mgg -1 for Cu 2+ , which are higher than most of present advanced absorbents. The adsorption towards organic dyes possesses high selectivity which makes CH-PAA-T be able to efficiently separate dye mixtures. The stable superoleophobicity under water endows CH-PAA-T good performance to separate toluene-in-water emulsion stabilized by Tween 80. Moreover, CH-PAA-T can be recycled for 10 times with negligible reduction of efficiency. Such versatile bio-based material is a potential candidate for water purification. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

A portable software tool for computing digitally reconstructed radiographs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chaney, Edward L.; Thorn, Jesse S.; Tracton, Gregg; Cullip, Timothy; Rosenman, Julian G.; Tepper, Joel E.

1995-01-01

Purpose: To develop a portable software tool for fast computation of digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRR) with a friendly user interface and versatile image format and display options. To provide a means for interfacing with commercial and custom three-dimensional (3D) treatment planning systems. To make the tool freely available to the Radiation Oncology community. Methods and Materials: A computer program for computing DRRs was enhanced with new features and rewritten to increase computational efficiency. A graphical user interface was added to improve ease of data input and DRR display. Installer, programmer, and user manuals were written, and installation test data sets were developed. The code conforms to the specifications of the Cooperative Working Group (CWG) of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Contract on Radiotherapy Treatment Planning Tools. Results: The interface allows the user to select DRR input data and image formats primarily by point-and-click mouse operations. Digitally reconstructed radiograph formats are predefined by configuration files that specify 19 calculation parameters. Enhancements include improved contrast resolution for visualizing surgical clips, an extended source model to simulate the penumbra region in a computed port film, and the ability to easily modify the CT numbers of objects contoured on the planning computed tomography (CT) scans. Conclusions: The DRR tool can be used with 3D planning systems that lack this functionality, or perhaps improve the quality and functionality of existing DRR software. The tool can be interfaced to 3D planning systems that run on most modern graphics workstations, and can also function as a stand-alone program

Injectable nanocomposite cryogels for versatile protein drug delivery.

Science.gov (United States)

Koshy, Sandeep T; Zhang, David K Y; Grolman, Joshua M; Stafford, Alexander G; Mooney, David J

2018-01-01

Sustained, localized protein delivery can enhance the safety and activity of protein drugs in diverse disease settings. While hydrogel systems are widely studied as vehicles for protein delivery, they often suffer from rapid release of encapsulated cargo, leading to a narrow duration of therapy, and protein cargo can be denatured by incompatibility with the hydrogel crosslinking chemistry. In this work, we describe injectable nanocomposite hydrogels that are capable of sustained, bioactive, release of a variety of encapsulated proteins. Injectable and porous cryogels were formed by bio-orthogonal crosslinking of alginate using tetrazine-norbornene coupling. To provide sustained release from these hydrogels, protein cargo was pre-adsorbed to charged Laponite nanoparticles that were incorporated within the walls of the cryogels. The presence of Laponite particles substantially hindered the release of a number of proteins that otherwise showed burst release from these hydrogels. By modifying the Laponite content within the hydrogels, the kinetics of protein release could be precisely tuned. This versatile strategy to control protein release simplifies the design of hydrogel drug delivery systems. Here we present an injectable nanocomposite hydrogel for simple and versatile controlled release of therapeutic proteins. Protein release from hydrogels often requires first entrapping the protein in particles and embedding these particles within the hydrogel to allow controlled protein release. This pre-encapsulation process can be cumbersome, can damage the protein's activity, and must be optimized for each protein of interest. The strategy presented in this work simply premixes the protein with charged nanoparticles that bind strongly with the protein. These protein-laden particles are then placed within a hydrogel and slowly release the protein into the surrounding environment. Using this method, tunable release from an injectable hydrogel can be achieved for a variety of

The ANL X6B beamline at NSLS: A versatile facility

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang, K.G.; Ramanathan, M.; Montano, P.A.; Illinois Univ., Chicago, IL

1994-07-01

We have described the x-ray optics and beamline performance of the ANL X6B beam line at the NSLS. Considerable flexibility has been built into the beam line to accommodate a wide range of x-ray diffraction, scattering, and spectroscopy experiments with various requirements. We presented selected examples of experimental results and showed that with the high intensity, high energy resolution, high-q resolution, and energy tunability, the X6B beam line has become a versatile facility

Desmatamento e crescimento econômico no Brasil: uma análise da curva de Kuznets ambiental para a Amazônia legal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rejane Corrêa de Oliveira

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Nos últimos anos, tem sido crescente a preocupação de que o crescimento econômico possa causar o desmatamento na região amazônica. Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar a relação entre crescimento da renda e desmatamento sob a hipótese da Curva de Kuznets Ambiental (Environmental Kuznets Curve - EKC, considerando-se os municípios da Amazônia Legal, no período de 2001 a 2006. Um modelo econométrico de dados em painel com dependência espacial foi estimado. Variáveis explicativas adicionais relatadas na literatura como importantes condicionantes do desmatamento (atividades agropecuárias, densidade populacional, entre outras foram incluídas. A especificação que melhor se ajusta aos dados é a que inclui um termo de erro espacial e transbordamentos espaciais das variáveis explicativas. O formato encontrado para a relação entre desmatamento e crescimento não é o "U" invertido tradicional, mas um "N" invertido.Over the last years,concerns about the possibility that the economic growth may cause deforestation in the Amazon region have been increasing.This work is aimed at studying the relation between income and deforestation by the hypothesis of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC approach at municipal level in the period from2001-2006. A panel data model with spatial dependence was estimated. Some other variables mentioned in the literature as important causes of deforestation (cattle and agricultural activities, population density and others were included. The best model specified is the one that includes a spatial error term and spatial spillovers. The relation founded is not the traditional inverted "U" shaped, but an inverted "N" shaped relation.

Educação do campo e pedagogia da alternância no Brasil e na Amazônia: bases históricas

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Maria Sueli Corrêa dos Prazeres

2013-11-01

Full Text Available O artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a Educação do Campo e a Pedagogia da Alternância no Brasil e na Amazônia. No primeiro momento retrata o contexto histórico da Educação do Campo, enfocando os desafios do Movimento Por Uma Educação do Canpo destacando a necessidade de políticas públicas para o contexto amazônico, apontando as demandas e as perspectivas da educação para o meio rural. No segundo momento contextualiza a Pedagogia da Alternância focalizando sua origem, questões conceituais, situando a mesma no Estado do Pará. O movimento por uma educação do campo constituído por movimentos sociais que se organizam a partir do campo e que têm apoio de educadores, intelectuais, universidades públicas e organizações não-governamentais. Este movimento, desde a década de 1990, vem constituindo uma discussão teórica sobre a educação do campo como estratégia contra hegemônica frente às políticas do Estado brasileiro direcionadas às populações do campo. Em nosso país o desenvolvimento da Pedagogia da Alternância ganha materialidade como estratégia de inúmeros movimentos sociais organizadas nos Centros Familiares de Formação em Alternância (CEFFAS. É importante enfatizar que a proposição tem sido utilizada como estratégia para garantir a participação de amplos segmentos da sociedade nas decisões e encaminhamentos, garantindo assim, a educação aos filhos dos sujeitos do campo.

Conflitos étnicos na Amazônia Brasileira: processos de construção identitária em comunidades quilombolas de Alcântara

OpenAIRE

Portela Nunes, Patrícia Maria

2015-01-01

Pretendo analisar o processo de construção identitária que ganha força com mobilizações políticas direcionadas aos direitos das comunidades remanescentes de quilombo de Alcântara, município localizado na chamada Amazônia Legal Brasileira. Direciono minha atenção para a situação de conflito social instituído nesse município com a desapropriação de grandes extensões de terras pelo Estado brasileiro para a implantação de uma base de lançamento de foguetes em 1980. A complexidade da situação soci...

Write Strategy for Dual-Layer Digital Versatile Discs

Science.gov (United States)

Tabata, Hiroshi; Tokui, Kenji; Higuchi, Shinji; Moriizumi, Hirokazu; Matsumoto, Ikuo

2006-02-01

A novel write strategy for rewritable dual-layer digital versatile discs (DVDs) was studied. This new strategy involves the erase top pulse which is included in the conventional write strategy for single-layer DVDs in present market. By thermal calculations, it was confirmed that this erase top pulse has an affect on the rapid heating of recording films. We observed that this new strategy enabled the improvement in data qualities on the layer near the laser incident (L0) effectively in 2 × and 4 ×-speed recordings even if L0 had a high optical transparency. Furthermore we also demonstrated a combination of what with the 2T-period strategy on the layer far from the laser incident (L1) realized a well-balanced signal performance for dual-layer DVD media.

Development of a versatile laser light scattering instrument

Science.gov (United States)

Meyer, William V.; Ansari, Rafat R.

1990-10-01

A versatile laser light scattering (LLS) instrument is developed for use in microgravity to measure microscopic particles of 30 A to above 3 microns. Since it is an optical technique, LLS does not affect the sample being studied. A LLS instrument built from modules allows several configurations, each optimized for a particular experiment. The multiangle LLS instrument can be mounted in the rack in the Space Shuttle and on Space Station Freedom. It is possible that a Space Shuttle glove-box and a lap-top computer containing a correlator card can be used to perform a number of experiments and to demonstrate the technology needed for more elaborate investigations. This offers simple means of flying a great number of experiments without the additional requirements of full-scale flight hardware experiments.

Novos registros de espécies da subtribo Ecliptinae (Heliantheae - Asteraceae para a Amazônia brasileira New records of species of the Ecliptinae subtribe (Heliantheae - Asteraceae to the Brazilian Amazon

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Genilson Alves dos Reis e Silva

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Sete espécies da subtribo Ecliptinae encontradas nos estados do Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará e Rondônia, são apresentadas como novos registros para a Amazônia brasileira: Acmella uliginosa, Aspilia camporum, Aspilia ulei, Melanthera latifolia, Melanthera nivea, Spilanthes nervosa e Wedelia calycina. São apresentadas descrições e ilustrações para as espécies, dados sobre a distribuição geográfica, hábitat, época de floração e frutificação. Os novos registros evidenciam a importância de estudos sobre a flora amazônica e demonstram a necessidade de coletas mais intensas na região.The following seven species of the subtribe Ecliptinae found in the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará and Rondônia have been recorded at the Brazilian Amazonia, for the first time: Acmella uliginosa, Aspilia camporum, Aspilia ulei, Melanthera latifolia, Melanthera nivea, Spilanthes nervosa and Wedelia calycina. Species descriptions and illustrations are presented, as well as information about geographic distribution, habitats and phenology. These new records highlight the importance of the floristic studies in Amazonia, and the need to carry out intensive fieldwork to improve the sampling in this region.

A Amazônia no imaginário norte-americano em tempo de guerra Amazonia in the U.S. wartime imaginary

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Seth Garfield

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Este ensaio delineia a emergência da Amazônia no imaginário norte-americano no período da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Embora a importância geopolítica de diversificação dos mercados fornecedores de borracha e o desenvolvimento da borracha sintética tenham sido discutidos nos Estados Unidos antes do ataque a Pearl Harbor, a subsequente interdição japonesa aos mercados tradicionais do sudeste asiático levou burocratas e cientistas a se apressarem na busca de alternativas. Como em outras regiões da América Latina, as políticas de obtenção e fornecimento, durante a guerra, dividiram os progressistas adeptos do New Deal e os conservadores fiscais. Entretanto, a política de gestão norte-americana também moldou e foi moldada por mitos enraizados acerca das regiões e populações tropicais. Na época, como agora, a Amazônia era muito mais que um lugar: para os norte-americanos, era também uma pedra de toque das ansiedades mais profundas concernentes às questões de raça, classe e nação.This essay traces the emergence of the Amazon in the United States wartime imaginary. Although the geopolitical importance of diversifying rubber markets and developing synthetics had been discussed in the United States before Pearl Harbor, the subsequent Japanese interdiction of traditional Southeast Asian markets sent American government officials and scientists scurrying to find alternatives. As in other regions of Latin America, wartime procurement policies in the Amazon divided New Deal progressives and fiscal conservatives, but these policies also shaped and were shaped by entrenched myths of tropical regions and populations. Then, as now, the Amazon was more than a place, but also a flashpoint for Americans for deeper anxieties concerning questions of race, class, and nation.

Microfluidic impact printer with interchangeable cartridges for versatile non-contact multiplexed micropatterning.

Science.gov (United States)

Ding, Yuzhe; Huang, Eric; Lam, Kit S; Pan, Tingrui

2013-05-21

Biopatterning has been increasingly used for well-defined cellular microenvironment, patterned surface topology, and guided biological cues; however, it meets challenges on biocompatibility, thermal and chemical sensitivity, as well as limited availability of reagents. In this paper, we aim at combining the desired features from non-contact inkjet printing and dot-matrix impact printing to establish a versatile multiplexed micropatterning platform, referred to as Microfluidic Impact Printer (MI-Printer), for emerging biomedical applications. Using this platform, we can achieve the distinct features of no cross-contamination, sub-microliter ink loading with a minimal dead volume, high-throughput printing, biocompatible non-contact processing, sequential patterning with self-alignment, wide adaptability for complex media (e.g., cell suspension or colloidal solutions), interchangeable/disposable cartridge design, and simple assembly and configuration, all highly desirable towards laboratory-based research and development. Specifically, the printing resolution of the MI-printer platform has been experimentally characterized and theoretically analysed. Optimal printing resolution of 80 μm has been repeatedly obtained. Furthermore, two useful functions of the MI-printer, multiplexed printing and combinatorial printing, have been experimentally demonstrated with less than 10 μm misalignment. Moreover, molecular and biological patterning, utilizing the multiplexed and combinatorial printing, has been implemented to illustrate the utility of this versatile printing technique for emerging biomedical applications.

Optical implementations of associative networks with versatile adaptive learning capabilities.

Science.gov (United States)

Fisher, A D; Lippincott, W L; Lee, J N

1987-12-01

Optical associative, parallel-processing architectures are being developed using a multimodule approach, where a number of smaller, adaptive, associative modules are nonlinearly interconnected and cascaded under the guidance of a variety of organizational principles to structure larger architectures for solving specific problems. A number of novel optical implementations with versatile adaptive learning capabilities are presented for the individual associative modules, including holographic configurations and five specific electrooptic configurations. The practical issues involved in real optical architectures are analyzed, and actual laboratory optical implementations of associative modules based on Hebbian and Widrow-Hoff learning rules are discussed, including successful experimental demonstrations of their operation.

CANDU - a versatile reactor for plutonium disposition or actinide burning

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chan, P.S.W.; Gagnon, M.J.N.; Boczar, P.G.; Ellis, R.J.; Verrall, R.A.

1997-10-01

High neutron economy, on-line refuelling, and a simple fuel-bundle design result in a high degree of versatility in the use of the CANDU reactor for the disposition of weapons-derived plutonium and for the annihilation of long-lived radioactive actinides, such as plutonium, neptunium, and americium isotopes, created in civilian nuclear power reactors. Inherent safety features are incorporated into the design of the bundles carrying the plutonium and actinide fuels. This approach enables existing CANDU reactors to operate with various plutonium-based fuel cycles without requiring major changes to the current reactor design. (author)

Versatility of PEEK as a fixed partial denture framework.

Science.gov (United States)

Sinha, Nikita; Gupta, Nidhi; Reddy, K Mahendranadh; Shastry, Y M

2017-01-01

Materials used for fixed partial denture (FPD) frameworks have had properties of excellent strength, durability, and biocompatibility. Some of the materials which have been used till date include alloys, ceramics, and high-performance polymers such as zirconia, Ni-Cr, lithium disilicate, and so on. All these, though excellent, have their advantages and disadvantages. Hence, the search has always been on for a better material. One such material, which has made its foray into dentistry in the recent times, is polyetheretherketone (PEEK). It is a semicrystalline thermoplastic material. PEEK has an excellent chemical resistance and mechanical properties that are retained at high temperatures. The versatility of PEEK as a dental material for FPD framework was evaluated in this case report.

VerSAMI: Versatile and Scalable key management for Smart Grid AMI systems

OpenAIRE

Benmalek , Mourad; Challal , Yacine; Derhab , Abdelouahid; Bouabdallah , Abdelmadjid

2018-01-01

International audience; In this paper, we propose four new key management schemes for Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) to secure data communications in the Smart Grid (SG). The schemes are based on individual and batch rekeying operations using a novel multi-group key graph structure, are also versatile in the sense that they can support broadcast, unicast, as well as multicast communications. Security analysis shows that our schemes satisfy key management security properties. Furthermo...

A versatile and low-cost open source pipetting robot for automation of toxicological and ecotoxicological bioassays.

Science.gov (United States)

Steffens, Sebastian; Nüßer, Leonie; Seiler, Thomas-Benjamin; Ruchter, Nadine; Schumann, Mark; Döring, Ricarda; Cofalla, Catrina; Ostfeld, Avi; Salomons, Elad; Schüttrumpf, Holger; Hollert, Henner; Brinkmann, Markus

2017-01-01

In the past decades, bioassays and whole-organism bioassay have become important tools not only in compliance testing of industrial chemicals and plant protection products, but also in the monitoring of environmental quality. With few exceptions, such test systems are discontinuous. They require exposure of the biological test material in small units, such as multiwell plates, during prolonged incubation periods, and do not allow online read-outs. It is mostly due to these shortcomings that applications in continuous monitoring of, e.g., drinking or surface water quality are largely missing. We propose the use of pipetting robots that can be used to automatically exchange samples in multiwell plates with fresh samples in a semi-static manner, as a potential solution to overcome these limitations. In this study, we developed a simple and low-cost, versatile pipetting robot constructed partly using open-source hardware that has a small footprint and can be used for online monitoring of water quality by means of an automated whole-organism bioassay. We tested its precision in automated 2-fold dilution series and used it for exposure of zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio)-a common model species in ecotoxicology-to cadmium chloride and permethrin. We found that, compared to conventional static or semi-static exposure scenarios, effects of the two chemicals in zebrafish embryos generally occurred at lower concentrations, and analytically verified that the increased frequency of media exchange resulted in a greater availability of the chemical. In combination with advanced detection systems this custom-made pipetting robot has the potential to become a valuable tool in future monitoring strategies for drinking and surface water.

A versatile and low-cost open source pipetting robot for automation of toxicological and ecotoxicological bioassays.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sebastian Steffens

Full Text Available In the past decades, bioassays and whole-organism bioassay have become important tools not only in compliance testing of industrial chemicals and plant protection products, but also in the monitoring of environmental quality. With few exceptions, such test systems are discontinuous. They require exposure of the biological test material in small units, such as multiwell plates, during prolonged incubation periods, and do not allow online read-outs. It is mostly due to these shortcomings that applications in continuous monitoring of, e.g., drinking or surface water quality are largely missing. We propose the use of pipetting robots that can be used to automatically exchange samples in multiwell plates with fresh samples in a semi-static manner, as a potential solution to overcome these limitations. In this study, we developed a simple and low-cost, versatile pipetting robot constructed partly using open-source hardware that has a small footprint and can be used for online monitoring of water quality by means of an automated whole-organism bioassay. We tested its precision in automated 2-fold dilution series and used it for exposure of zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio-a common model species in ecotoxicology-to cadmium chloride and permethrin. We found that, compared to conventional static or semi-static exposure scenarios, effects of the two chemicals in zebrafish embryos generally occurred at lower concentrations, and analytically verified that the increased frequency of media exchange resulted in a greater availability of the chemical. In combination with advanced detection systems this custom-made pipetting robot has the potential to become a valuable tool in future monitoring strategies for drinking and surface water.

Self-assembly of versatile tubular-like In2O3 nanostructures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhong Miao; Zheng Maojun; Ma Li; Li Yanbo

2007-01-01

Versatile indium oxide tubular nanostructures (well-aligned nanotube arrays, flower-like tubular structures, and square nanotubes) were fabricated by a facile and reliable chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique, taking advantage of the self-assembly property and substrate-induced epitaxial growth mechanism. The technique has a few advantages, such as low growth temperature, nonexistence of catalyst, template-free synthesis, direct bonding to the semiconductor substrates, etc. This strategy might extend the approach of synthesizing desirable nanostructures of other important low-melting metal oxides for potential applications

CRISPR-Cas: From the Bacterial Adaptive Immune System to a Versatile Tool for Genome Engineering.

Science.gov (United States)

Kirchner, Marion; Schneider, Sabine

2015-11-09

The field of biology has been revolutionized by the recent advancement of an adaptive bacterial immune system as a universal genome engineering tool. Bacteria and archaea use repetitive genomic elements termed clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) in combination with an RNA-guided nuclease (CRISPR-associated nuclease: Cas) to target and destroy invading DNA. By choosing the appropriate sequence of the guide RNA, this two-component system can be used to efficiently modify, target, and edit genomic loci of interest in plants, insects, fungi, mammalian cells, and whole organisms. This has opened up new frontiers in genome engineering, including the potential to treat or cure human genetic disorders. Now the potential risks as well as the ethical, social, and legal implications of this powerful new technique move into the limelight. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Angular approach combined to mechanical model for tool breakage detection by eddy current sensors

Science.gov (United States)

Ritou, M.; Garnier, S.; Furet, B.; Hascoet, J. Y.

2014-02-01

The paper presents a new complete approach for Tool Condition Monitoring (TCM) in milling. The aim is the early detection of small damages so that catastrophic tool failures are prevented. A versatile in-process monitoring system is introduced for reliability concerns. The tool condition is determined by estimates of the radial eccentricity of the teeth. An adequate criterion is proposed combining mechanical model of milling and angular approach.Then, a new solution is proposed for the estimate of cutting force using eddy current sensors implemented close to spindle nose. Signals are analysed in the angular domain, notably by synchronous averaging technique. Phase shifts induced by changes of machining direction are compensated. Results are compared with cutting forces measured with a dynamometer table.The proposed method is implemented in an industrial case of pocket machining operation. One of the cutting edges has been slightly damaged during the machining, as shown by a direct measurement of the tool. A control chart is established with the estimates of cutter eccentricity obtained during the machining from the eddy current sensors signals. Efficiency and reliability of the method is demonstrated by a successful detection of the damage.

Availability, diversification and versatility explain human selection of introduced plants in Ecuadorian traditional medicine.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

G Hart

Full Text Available Globally, a majority of people use plants as a primary source of healthcare and introduced plants are increasingly discussed as medicine. Protecting this resource for human health depends upon understanding which plants are used and how use patterns will change over time. The increasing use of introduced plants in local pharmacopoeia has been explained by their greater abundance or accessibility (availability hypothesis, their ability to cure medical conditions that are not treated by native plants (diversification hypothesis, or as a result of the introduced plants' having many different simultaneous roles (versatility hypothesis. In order to describe the role of introduced plants in Ecuador, and to test these three hypotheses, we asked if introduced plants are over-represented in the Ecuadorian pharmacopoeia, and if their use as medicine is best explained by the introduced plants' greater availability, different therapeutic applications, or greater number of use categories. Drawing on 44,585 plant-use entries, and the checklist of >17,000 species found in Ecuador, we used multi-model inference to test if more introduced plants are used as medicines in Ecuador than expected by chance, and examine the support for each of the three hypotheses above. We find nuanced support for all hypotheses. More introduced plants are utilized than would be expected by chance, which can be explained by geographic distribution, their strong association with cultivation, diversification (except with regard to introduced diseases, and therapeutic versatility, but not versatility of use categories. Introduced plants make a disproportionately high contribution to plant medicine in Ecuador. The strong association of cultivation with introduced medicinal plant use highlights the importance of the maintenance of human-mediated environments such as homegardens and agroforests for the provisioning of healthcare services.

Estudo de Caso de um Evento Extremo de Incursão de Ar Frio em Julho de 2013 sobre a Bacia Amazônica Brasileira

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liviany Pereira Viana

Full Text Available Resumo A bacia Amazônica está localizada na região tropical cujas características principais são os elevados valores de temperatura e umidade do ar. Entretanto, incursões de massa de ar frio e seco também adentram a região, como ocorreu em julho de 2013. Essa quarta onda de frio que atuou sobre o continente sul-americano ocasionou neve em cidades da região Sul, caracterizando uma intensa massa polar com deslocamento até a região Norte. O presente trabalho analisou o comportamento de variáveis meteorológicas com intuito de investigar a intensidade do efeito dessa friagem. Os dados empregados foram de observações e das reanálises disponíveis. A anomalia negativa da temperatura máxima em Rio Branco foi de 15,9 °C, em Manicoré de 6,7 °C e Manaus de 2,0 °C. Nesse evento, os valores mais expressivos ocorreram na temperatura máxima. Também destaca-se uma contribuição mensal nas taxas de precipitação, cujos valores foram maiores que 13,0 mm.dia-1. Desse modo, conclui-se que, o evento de julho de 2013 foi um caso de intensa friagem devido deslocar-se até a região central da Amazônia e ocasionar quedas abruptas, principalmente, na temperatura máxima, favorecimento da precipitação nas regiões tropicais, bem como alterações na pressão em superfície, umidade e vento.

Antigenic profile of human recombinant PrP: generation and chracterization of a versatile polyclonal antiserum

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sachsamanoglou, M.; Paspaltzis, I.; Petrakis, S.; Verghese-Nikolakaki, S.; Panagiotidis, C.H.; Voitlander, T.; Budka, H.; Langeveld, J.P.M.; Sklaviadis, T.

2004-01-01

We describe the quality of a rabbit polyclonal antiserum (Sal1) that was raised against mature human recombinant prion protein (rhuPrP). Epitope mapping demonstrated that the Sal1 antiserum recognized six to eight linear antigenic sites, depending on the animal species. The versatility of the

Versatility of hydrocarbon production in cyanobacteria.

Science.gov (United States)

Xie, Min; Wang, Weihua; Zhang, Weiwen; Chen, Lei; Lu, Xuefeng

2017-02-01

Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microorganisms using solar energy, H 2 O, and CO 2 as the primary inputs. Compared to plants and eukaryotic microalgae, cyanobacteria are easier to be genetically engineered and possess higher growth rate. Extensive genomic information and well-established genetic platform make cyanobacteria good candidates to build efficient biosynthetic pathways for biofuels and chemicals by genetic engineering. Hydrocarbons are a family of compounds consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Structural diversity of the hydrocarbon family is enabled by variation in chain length, degree of saturation, and rearrangements of the carbon skeleton. The diversified hydrocarbons can be used as valuable chemicals in the field of food, fuels, pharmaceuticals, nutrition, and cosmetics. Hydrocarbon biosynthesis is ubiquitous in bacteria, yeasts, fungi, plants, and insects. A wide variety of pathways for the hydrocarbon biosynthesis have been identified in recent years. Cyanobacteria may be superior chassis for hydrocabon production in a photosynthetic manner. A diversity of hydrocarbons including ethylene, alkanes, alkenes, and terpenes can be produced by cyanobacteria. Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies can be employed to improve hydrocarbon production in cyanobacteria. This review mainly summarizes versatility and perspectives of hydrocarbon production in cyanobacteria.

Enhancing the versatility of wireless biopotential acquisition for myoelectric prosthetic control.

Science.gov (United States)

Bercich, Rebecca A; Wang, Zhi; Mei, Henry; Hammer, Lauren H; Seburn, Kevin L; Hargrove, Levi J; Irazoqui, Pedro P

2016-08-01

A significant challenge in rehabilitating upper-limb amputees with sophisticated, electric-powered prostheses is sourcing reliable and independent channels of motor control information sufficient to precisely direct multiple degrees of freedom simultaneously. In response to the expressed needs of clinicians, we have developed a miniature, batteryless recording device that utilizes emerging integrated circuit technology and optimal impedance matching for magnetic resonantly coupled (MRC) wireless power transfer to improve the performance and versatility of wireless electrode interfaces with muscle. In this work we describe the fabrication and performance of a fully wireless and batteryless EMG recording system and use of this system to direct virtual and electric-powered limbs in real-time. The advantage of using MRC to optimize power transfer to a network of wireless devices is exhibited by EMG collected from an array of eight devices placed circumferentially around a human subject's forearm. This is a comprehensive, low-cost, and non-proprietary solution that provides unprecedented versatility of configuration to direct myoelectric prostheses without wired connections to the body. The amenability of MRC to varied coil geometries and arrangements has the potential to improve the efficiency and robustness of wireless power transfer links at all levels of upper-limb amputation. Additionally, the wireless recording device's programmable flash memory and selectable features will grant clinicians the unique ability to adapt and personalize the recording system's functional protocol for patient- or algorithm-specific needs.

Enhancing the versatility of wireless biopotential acquisition for myoelectric prosthetic control

Science.gov (United States)

Bercich, Rebecca A.; Wang, Zhi; Mei, Henry; Hammer, Lauren H.; Seburn, Kevin L.; Hargrove, Levi J.; Irazoqui, Pedro P.

2016-08-01

Objective. A significant challenge in rehabilitating upper-limb amputees with sophisticated, electric-powered prostheses is sourcing reliable and independent channels of motor control information sufficient to precisely direct multiple degrees of freedom simultaneously. Approach. In response to the expressed needs of clinicians, we have developed a miniature, batteryless recording device that utilizes emerging integrated circuit technology and optimal impedance matching for magnetic resonantly coupled (MRC) wireless power transfer to improve the performance and versatility of wireless electrode interfaces with muscle. Main results. In this work we describe the fabrication and performance of a fully wireless and batteryless EMG recording system and use of this system to direct virtual and electric-powered limbs in real-time. The advantage of using MRC to optimize power transfer to a network of wireless devices is exhibited by EMG collected from an array of eight devices placed circumferentially around a human subject’s forearm. Significance. This is a comprehensive, low-cost, and non-proprietary solution that provides unprecedented versatility of configuration to direct myoelectric prostheses without wired connections to the body. The amenability of MRC to varied coil geometries and arrangements has the potential to improve the efficiency and robustness of wireless power transfer links at all levels of upper-limb amputation. Additionally, the wireless recording device’s programmable flash memory and selectable features will grant clinicians the unique ability to adapt and personalize the recording system’s functional protocol for patient- or algorithm-specific needs.

Alterações ocorridas pelo manejo em Latossolo, Rondônia, Amazônia Brasileira

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo Souza Valladares

2011-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar atributos de fertilidade, frações da matéria orgânica, incluindo ácido fúlvico, ácido húmico, humina e matéria orgânica leve, densidade e volume total de poros, em um Latossolo Amarelo distrófico, sob cultura perene, pastagem e floresta amazônica em área de assentamento rural conhecida como Gleba Machadinho (RO. As coletas das amostras de solo ocorreram em 2004; foram amostradas as camadas superficiais do solo na profundidade de 0-0,1 m. Verificou-se melhoria na fertilidade dos solos sob culturas perenes, com diminuição da acidez e aumento dos teores de nutrientes. Não foi verificada diferença nos teores totais de carbono orgânico dos solos, porém variações nas frações orgânicas, ocorrendo menores teores de matéria orgânica leve e maior relação das substâncias húmicas alcalino solúveis em comparação à humina nos solos com culturas perenes. Nas áreas de pastagem, o pisoteio animal causou aumento da densidade do solo e redução do volume total de poros.

SU-F-J-204: Carbon Digitally Reconstructed Radiography (CDRR): A GPU Based Tool for Fast and Versatile Carbonimaging Simulation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dias, M F; Seco, J; Baroni, G; Riboldi, M

2016-01-01

Purpose: Research in carbon imaging has been growing over the past years, as a way to increase treatment accuracy and patient positioning in carbon therapy. The purpose of this tool is to allow a fast and flexible way to generate CDRR data without the need to use Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. It can also be used to predict future clinically measured data. Methods: A python interface has been developed, which uses information from CT or 4DCT and thetreatment calibration curve to compute the Water Equivalent Path Length (WEPL) of carbon ions. A GPU based ray tracing algorithm computes the WEPL of each individual carbon traveling through the CT voxels. A multiple peak detection method to estimate high contrast margin positioning has been implemented (described elsewhere). MC simulations have been used to simulate carbons depth dose curves in order to simulate the response of a range detector. Results: The tool allows the upload of CT or 4DCT images. The user has the possibility to selectphase/slice of interested as well as position, angle…). The WEPL is represented as a range detector which can be used to assess range dilution and multiple peak detection effects. The tool also provides knowledge of the minimum energy that should be considered for imaging purposes. The multiple peak detection method has been used in a lung tumor case, showing an accuracy of 1mm in determine the exact interface position. Conclusion: The tool offers an easy and fast way to simulate carbon imaging data. It can be used for educational and for clinical purposes, allowing the user to test beam energies and angles before real acquisition. An analysis add-on is being developed, where the used will have the opportunity to select different reconstruction methods and detector types (range or energy). Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT), PhD Grant number SFRH/BD/85749/2012

SU-F-J-204: Carbon Digitally Reconstructed Radiography (CDRR): A GPU Based Tool for Fast and Versatile Carbonimaging Simulation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dias, M F [Dipartamento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria - DEIB, Politecnico di Milano (Italy); Department of Radiation Oncology, Francis H. Burr Proton Therapy Center Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts (United States); Seco, J [Department of Radiation Oncology, Francis H. Burr Proton Therapy Center Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts (United States); Baroni, G; Riboldi, M [Dipartamento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria - DEIB, Politecnico di Milano (Italy); Bioengineering Unit, Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica, Pavia (Italy)

2016-06-15

Purpose: Research in carbon imaging has been growing over the past years, as a way to increase treatment accuracy and patient positioning in carbon therapy. The purpose of this tool is to allow a fast and flexible way to generate CDRR data without the need to use Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. It can also be used to predict future clinically measured data. Methods: A python interface has been developed, which uses information from CT or 4DCT and thetreatment calibration curve to compute the Water Equivalent Path Length (WEPL) of carbon ions. A GPU based ray tracing algorithm computes the WEPL of each individual carbon traveling through the CT voxels. A multiple peak detection method to estimate high contrast margin positioning has been implemented (described elsewhere). MC simulations have been used to simulate carbons depth dose curves in order to simulate the response of a range detector. Results: The tool allows the upload of CT or 4DCT images. The user has the possibility to selectphase/slice of interested as well as position, angle…). The WEPL is represented as a range detector which can be used to assess range dilution and multiple peak detection effects. The tool also provides knowledge of the minimum energy that should be considered for imaging purposes. The multiple peak detection method has been used in a lung tumor case, showing an accuracy of 1mm in determine the exact interface position. Conclusion: The tool offers an easy and fast way to simulate carbon imaging data. It can be used for educational and for clinical purposes, allowing the user to test beam energies and angles before real acquisition. An analysis add-on is being developed, where the used will have the opportunity to select different reconstruction methods and detector types (range or energy). Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT), PhD Grant number SFRH/BD/85749/2012.

Cubriendo la noticia : El Comercio: su representación del ciudadano indígena amazónico y la justificación del proyecto desarrollista.

OpenAIRE

Torrejón Hoefken, Pablo

2013-01-01

El año 2008, el Gobierno peruano promulgó una serie de decretos que comprometían la posesión de territorio de los indígenas de la selva nacional, así como muchos otros territorios amazónicos, en pos de atraer la inversión privada a gran escala. Esto provocó el levantamiento de diferentes organizaciones indígenas encabezadas por la Asociación Interétnica de Desarrollo de la Selva Peruana (AIDESEP). En junio del 2009, la situación no había cambiado, lo cual resultó en un paro que desembocó en u...

Ketenimines Generated from Ynamides: Versatile Building Blocks for Nitrogen-Containing Scaffolds.

Science.gov (United States)

Dodd, Robert H; Cariou, Kevin

2018-02-16

Using ynamides as readily available starting materials, a single step can generate highly reactive ketenimines, which can then undergo a variety of transformations. The choice of the method for generating the ketenimine dictates the outcome of the reaction that can, moreover, be precisely steered through minor variations of the starting material. This Concept gives an overview of the different existing methodologies for this objective, showcasing the diverse nitrogen-containing frameworks that can be obtained by this highly versatile strategy. © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Efficiency-optimized low-cost TDPAC spectrometer using a versatile routing/coincidence unit

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Renteria, M.; Bibiloni, A. G.; Darriba, G. N.; Errico, L. A.; Munoz, E. L.; Richard, D.; Runco, J.

2008-01-01

A highly efficient, reliable, and low-cost γ-γ TDPAC spectrometer, PACAr, optimized for 181 Hf-implanted low-activity samples, is presented. A versatile EPROM-based routing/coincidence unit was developed and implemented to be use with the memory-card-based multichannel analyzer hosted in a personal computer. The excellent energy resolution and very good overall resolution and efficiency of PACAr are analyzed and compare with advanced and already tested fast-fast and slow-fast PAC spectrometers.

Efficiency-optimized low-cost TDPAC spectrometer using a versatile routing/coincidence unit

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Renteria, M., E-mail: renteria@fisica.unlp.edu.ar; Bibiloni, A. G.; Darriba, G. N.; Errico, L. A.; Munoz, E. L.; Richard, D.; Runco, J. [Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Departamento de Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas (Argentina)

2008-01-15

A highly efficient, reliable, and low-cost {gamma}-{gamma} TDPAC spectrometer, PACAr, optimized for {sup 181}Hf-implanted low-activity samples, is presented. A versatile EPROM-based routing/coincidence unit was developed and implemented to be use with the memory-card-based multichannel analyzer hosted in a personal computer. The excellent energy resolution and very good overall resolution and efficiency of PACAr are analyzed and compare with advanced and already tested fast-fast and slow-fast PAC spectrometers.

Frontal affinity chromatography: A unique research tool for biospecific interaction that promotes glycobiology

Science.gov (United States)

KASAI, Kenichi

2014-01-01

Combination of bioaffinity and chromatography gave birth to affinity chromatography. A further combination with frontal analysis resulted in creation of frontal affinity chromatography (FAC). This new versatile research tool enabled detailed analysis of weak interactions that play essential roles in living systems, especially those between complex saccharides and saccharide-binding proteins. FAC now becomes the best method for the investigation of saccharide-binding proteins (lectins) from viewpoints of sensitivity, accuracy, and efficiency, and is contributing greatly to the development of glycobiology. It opened a door leading to deeper understanding of the significance of saccharide recognition in life. The theory is also concisely described. PMID:25169774

CORE SIM: A multi-purpose neutronic tool for research and education

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Demaziere, Christophe

2011-01-01

Highlights: → A highly flexible neutronic core simulator was developed. → The tool estimates the static neutron flux, the eigenmodes, and the neutron noise. → The tool was successfully validated via many benchmark cases. → The tool can be used for research and education. → The tool is freely available. - Abstract: This paper deals with the development, validation, and demonstration of an innovative neutronic tool. The novelty of the tool resides in its versatility, since many different systems can be investigated and different kinds of calculations can be performed. More precisely, both critical systems and subcritical systems with an external neutron source can be studied, and static and dynamic cases in the frequency domain (i.e. for stationary fluctuations) can be considered. In addition, the tool has the ability to determine the different eigenfunctions of any nuclear core. For each situation, the static neutron flux, the different eigenmodes and eigenvalues, the first-order neutron noise, and their adjoint functions are estimated, as well as the effective multiplication factor of the system. The main advantages of the tool, which is entirely MatLab based, lie with the robustness of the implemented numerical algorithms, its high portability between different computer platforms and operative systems, and finally its ease of use since no input deck writing is required. The present version of the tool, which is based on two-group diffusion theory, is mostly suited to investigate thermal systems. The definition of both the static and dynamic core configurations directly from the static macroscopic cross-sections and their fluctuations, respectively, makes the tool particularly well suited for research and education. Some of the many benchmark cases used to validate the tool are briefly reported. The static and dynamic capabilities of the tool are also demonstrated for the following configurations: a vibrating control rod, a perturbation traveling upwards

Fear of birth in clinical practice: A structured review of current measurement tools.

Science.gov (United States)

Richens, Yana; Smith, Debbie M; Lavender, Dame Tina

2018-06-01

To identify measurement tools which screen for the presence of fear of birth (FOB) and to determine the most effective tool/s for use in clinical practice. Fear or birth (FOB) is internationally recognised as a cause for increasing concern, despite a lack of consensus on a definition or optimal measure of assessment. There is a wide array of FOB measurement tools, however little clarity on which tool should be used to screen for FOB in clinical practice. This review explores the use of tools that are used to screen for FOB and discusses the perceived effectiveness of such tools. A structured literature review was undertaken. Electronic databases were searched in July 2017 and manuscripts reviewed for quality. The review included 46 papers. The majority of studies were undertaken in Scandinavia (n = 29) and a range of tools were used to measure FOB. The most widely used tool was the Wijma Delivery Expectancy Experience Questionnaire' (W-DEQ). Inconsistencies were found in the way this tool was used, including variations in assessment cut-off points, implementation and use across a range of cultural settings and women of varying gestations. Moreover, the tool may be too lengthy to use in clinical practice. The Fear of Birth Scale (FOBS) has been shown to be as effective as W-DEQ but has the advantage of being short and easy to administer. The inconsistencies in tools reflect the difficulties in defining FOB. A clear consensus definition of FOB would aid comparisons across practice and research. The W-DEQ is not used in clinical practice; this may be due to its length and complexity. The FOBS is likely to be a more versatile tool that can be used in clinical practice. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Investimentos privados, impactos ambientais e qualidade de vida num empreendimento mineral amazônico: o caso da mina de manganês de Serra do Navio (Amapá) Private investments, environmental impact, and the quality of life at a mining venture in the Amazon: the case of the Serra do Navio manganese mine in Amapá

OpenAIRE

José Augusto Drummond

2000-01-01

O texto discute as conseqüências ambientais e socioeconômicas de um grande empreendimento de extração mineral na Amazônia brasileira. Entre 1957 e 1998, a Indústria e Comércio de Minérios S. A. (ICOMI) explorou manganês no Amapá, em Serra do Navio, uma das maiores minas desse minério no mundo. Foi o primeiro e o mais durável empreendimento mineral de grande escala e intensivo de capital na região amazônica brasileira. O texto apresenta um perfil biofísico e socioeconômico do Amapá, caracteriz...

Encontros transculturais: uma leitura da construção da identidade de jovens na Amazônia Oriental Brasileira

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Oesselmann, Dirk Jürgen

2004-01-01

Full Text Available O encontro de diversas culturas e realidades socioeconômicas constituise num desafio central num contexto de crescente movimento de migração, marcado de pela busca incessante de novas possibilidades de subsistência e aumento de mobilidade e comunicação de pessoas na era da globalização. Esta dinâmica faz surgir, em nível mundial, inúmeros conflitos étnicos, religiosos, culturais e sociais em que as populações se opõem a influências culturais uniformizantes. A Universidade da Amazônia, em parceria com a Universidade de Hannover na Alemanha, propõe uma pesquisa capaz de recuperar e compreender os diferentes processos formativos de identidade e sociabilidade vivenciados por jovens e adolescentes de 13 a 21 anos, de diferentes classes e contextos sociais, buscando contribuir na discussão internacional de parâmetros para uma educação pela democracia

Políticas, mediações e territórios: interpretação sobre o 'urbano-rural' na Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sara Alonso

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Nos últimos anos tem se manifestado um aumento nas pesquisas no Brasil sobre cidades na Amazônia, voltadas, sobretudo, para compreender a diversidade do urbano, considerando o contexto social, cultural e étnico desses aglomerados. Contudo, apesar deste esforço ainda existem lacunas teóricas acerca da formulação de questões analíticas que explorem, desde uma perspectiva sociológica e etnográfica na sua positividade, a dimensão simbólica das práticas (compreenda-se os efeitos e eficácia sobre o espaço social. Nesta línea analítica, este trabalho explora, a partir de uma situação empírica (cidade Altamira-Amazônia Brasileira a dimensão simbólica do “rural-urbano” ou, melhor, a dimensão produtiva do 'urbano no rural', isto é, seus efeitos constitutivos para instituir identidades ou território no espaço da cidade, no marco de processos de reagrupamentos urbanos e viabilização de políticas. Pressupomos que o espaço da cidade assume e produz diferentes significados, conforme o contexto em que os diversos agentes envolvidos na produção vivenciam esse espaço, lutam e materializam práticas. Nessas disputas põe-se em jogo a divisão desse espaço e, ao mesmo tempo, revelam a eficácia simbólica ou a ação produtiva da prática. Desta perspectiva, também é tema de interesse as implicações simbólicas que têm os efeitos do saber especializado, no marco desses processos, isto é, das “novas” dinâmicas culturais urbanas em que a produção de símbolos torna-se significativa.

De quem é a ayahuasca? Notas sobre a patrimonialização de uma “bebida sagrada” amazônica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Glauber Loures De Assis

Full Text Available Resumo Este artigo procura discutir a patrimonialização da ayahuasca, bebida psicoativa de origem amazônica usada ritualmente por religiões institucionalizadas, como o Santo Daime, União do Vegetal e Barquinha; povos indígenas, como os Yawanawa e os Ashaninka; e toda uma gama de pessoas que vão dos vegetalistas peruanos aos neoxamãs que habitam as grandes metrópoles. A partir das discussões em torno do processo de patrimonialização envolvendo essa bebida, veremos que a ayahuasca é polifônica, polissêmica e policêntrica; que existe um verdadeiro campo ayahuasqueiro, permeado de alianças e conflitos internos; e que a patrimonialização da ayahuasca revela uma cartografia complexa, em que há a convivência de diferentes epistemologias e intensas disputas de poder.

Avaliação da diversidade genética e associação com patogenicidade de isolados de Moniliophthora perniciosa oriundos da Amazônia Brasileira

OpenAIRE

Angela Sanche Artero Freitas

2012-01-01

O fungo Moniliophthora perniciosa é o agente causal da vassoura de bruxa no cacaueiro (Theobroma cacao L.). Três biótipos distintos (biótipos -C, -L e -S) são reconhecidos de acordo com a especificidade quanto ao hospedeiro. O presente estudo teve como objetivo a análise da diversidade genética com o uso de marcadores microssatélites de 134 isolados dos biótipos -C, -L e -S de M. perniciosa coletados principalmente na Amazônia Brasileira e áreas de cultivo. A diversidade genética foi associad...

Joias da Amazônia: diálogos entre os estudos feministas e as vozes das educandas do Núcleo de Educação Popular Paulo Freire

OpenAIRE

NERI, ISABEL

2017-01-01

Este trabalho investiga a realidade das educandas que participam das práticas sócio educativas do Núcleo de Educação Popular Paulo Freire-NEP, vinculado ao CCSE da UEPA. Tratam-se de mulheres oriundas das mais diferentes regiões da Amazônia, com uma faixa etária variada, as quais não frequentaram a escola em idade regular. Neste sentido, procurou-se compreender os obstáculos sociais, familiares, profissionais e econômicos que essas mulheres enfrentam, bem como a relação destes problemas com a...

Notes on necrophagous flies (Diptera: Calyptratae associated to fish carrion in Colombian Amazon Notas sobre moscas necrófagas (Diptera: Caliptratae associadas a carcaças de peixe na Amazônia Colombiana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Amat

2010-01-01

Full Text Available In recent years, there has been an increasing number of studies on carrion fly communities due to their medical importance and as a consequence of the large number of studies on forensic entomology. Surprisingly few studies have adressed with the asynantropic flies of the Amazon, and none were done in Colombia. A faunistic study of asynantropic flies of the families Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae and Fannidae in three different landscapes of the Colombian Amazon is presented, trapping effectiveness is assessed, and the first record of Mesembrinella batesi (Aldrich, 1922 and Fannia femoralis (Stein, 1897 from Colombia is reported.Apesar de existir uma quantidade considerável de estudos sobre dípteros decompositores devido a sua importância medica e ao avanço da entomologia forense, poucos dizem respeito as moscas asinantrópicas na Amazônia e nada foi feito na Colômbia. No presente trabalho é feito um estudo faunístico sobre moscas, principalmente das famílias Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae e Fanniidae em três diferentes paisagens da Amazônia Colombiana, além do primeiro registro das espécies Mesembrinella batesi (Aldrich, 1922 e Fannia femoralis (Stein, 1897 para Colômbia e avaliação da amostragem utilizada.

Desmatamento Recente nos Estados da Amazônia Legal: uma análise da contribuição dos preços agrícolas e das políticas governamentais

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo Dias Paes Ferreira

2015-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar como os preços agrícolas e as políticas públicas afetaram o desmatamento nos estados da Amazônia Legal brasileira no período de 1999 a 2011. Para esse fim, foram utilizados dados estaduais em um modelo de dados em painel e uma metodologia de análise de efeitos líquidos de políticas sobre o desmatamento. Os resultados indicam que o desmatamento está mais relacionado aos preços agrícolas do que às variáveis de políticas associados ao crédito rural e gastos com transporte e agricultura. Entretanto, os resultados parecem indicar que políticas recentes de fiscalização mais focadas, como embargos de comercialização de áreas desmatadas ilegalmente e restrição de crédito para áreas irregulares ou que não cumprem a legislação ambiental, podem ter sido mais efetivas para a redução do desmatamento no estado de Mato Grosso. Sendo assim, concluiu-se que o desmatamento na Amazônia Legal é influenciado tanto pela variação dos preços agrícolas quanto pelas políticas governamentais.

A versatile infinite-state Markov reward model to study bottlenecks in 2-hop ad hoc networks

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Remke, Anne Katharina Ingrid; Haverkort, Boudewijn R.H.M.; Cloth, L.

2006-01-01

In a 2-hop IEEE 801.11-based wireless LAN, the distributed coordination function (DCF) tends to equally share the available capacity among the contending stations. Recently alternative capacity sharing strategies have been made possible. We propose a versatile infinite-state Markov reward model to

Preliminary Options Assessment of Versatile Irradiation Test Reactor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sen, Ramazan Sonat [Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

2017-01-01

The objective of this report is to summarize the work undertaken at INL from April 2016 to January 2017 and aimed at analyzing some options for designing and building a versatile test reactor; the scope of work was agreed upon with DOE-NE. Section 2 presents some results related to KNK II and PRISM Mod A. Section 3 presents some alternatives to the VCTR presented in [ ] as well as a neutronic parametric study to assess the minimum power requirement needed for a 235U metal fueled fast test reactor capable to generate a fast (>100 keV) flux of 4.0 x 1015 n /cm2-s at the test location. Section 4 presents some results regarding a fundamental characteristic of test reactors, namely displacement per atom (dpa) in test samples. Section 5 presents the INL assessment of the ANL fast test reactor design FASTER. Section 6 presents a summary.

The silicon chip: A versatile micro-scale platform for micro- and nano-scale systems

Science.gov (United States)

Choi, Edward

Cutting-edge advances in micro- and nano-scale technology require instrumentation to interface with the external world. While technology feature sizes are continually being reduced, the size of experimentalists and their instrumentation do not mirror this trend. Hence there is a need for effective application-specific instrumentation to bridge the gap from the micro and nano-scale phenomena being studied to the comparative macro-scale of the human interfaces. This dissertation puts forward the idea that the silicon CMOS integrated circuit, or microchip in short, serves as an excellent platform to perform this functionality. The electronic interfaces designed for the semiconductor industry are particularly attractive as development platforms, and the reduction in feature sizes that has been a hallmark of the industry suggests that chip-scale instrumentation may be more closely coupled to the phenomena of interest, allowing finer control or improved measurement capabilities. Compatibility with commercial processes will further enable economies of scale through mass production, another welcome feature of this approach. Thus chip-scale instrumentation may replace the bulky, expensive, cumbersome-to-operate macro-scale prototypes currently in use for many of these applications. The dissertation examines four specific applications in which the chip may serve as the ideal instrumentation platform. These are nanorod manipulation, polypyrrole bilayer hinge microactuator control, organic transistor hybrid circuits, and contact fluorescence imaging. The thesis is structured around chapters devoted to each of these projects, in addition to a chapter on preliminary work on an RFID system that serves as a wireless interface model. Each of these chapters contains tools and techniques developed for chip-scale instrumentation, from custom scripts for automated layout and data collection to microfabrication processes. Implementation of these tools to develop systems for the

VEGAS: VErsatile GBT Astronomical Spectrometer

Science.gov (United States)

Bussa, Srikanth; VEGAS Development Team

2012-01-01

The National Science Foundation Advanced Technologies and Instrumentation (NSF-ATI) program is funding a new spectrometer backend for the Green Bank Telescope (GBT). This spectrometer is being built by the CICADA collaboration - collaboration between the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) and the Center for Astronomy Signal Processing and Electronics Research (CASPER) at the University of California Berkeley.The backend is named as VErsatile GBT Astronomical Spectrometer (VEGAS) and will replace the capabilities of the existing spectrometers. This backend supports data processing from focal plane array systems. The spectrometer will be capable of processing up to 1.25 GHz bandwidth from 8 dual polarized beams or a bandwidth up to 10 GHz from a dual polarized beam.The spectrometer will be using 8-bit analog to digital converters (ADC), which gives a better dynamic range than existing GBT spectrometers. There will be 8 tunable digital sub-bands within the 1.25 GHz bandwidth, which will enhance the capability of simultaneous observation of multiple spectral transitions. The maximum spectral dump rate to disk will be about 0.5 msec. The vastly enhanced backend capabilities will support several science projects with the GBT. The projects include mapping temperature and density structure of molecular clouds; searches for organic molecules in the interstellar medium; determination of the fundamental constants of our evolving Universe; red-shifted spectral features from galaxies across cosmic time and survey for pulsars in the extreme gravitational environment of the Galactic Center.

Build a game with UDK

CERN Document Server

Sholler, Geoff

2013-01-01

A step-by-step tutorial to create an astounding game using the tools provided by UDK.This book is intended for people who aim to make an amazing virtual game with UDK. The goal of this book to give users a chance to expand their knowledge and create exciting games using the tools available.

Avaliação da satisfação dos gestores e colaboradores e sua relação com o desempenho: o caso MASA da Amazônia

OpenAIRE

Junior, Agnaldo de Oliveira Gomes

2010-01-01

Doutoramento em Gestão de Empresas O estudo objetiva evidenciar estratégias de marketing interno que contribuem de forma decisiva na elaboração de uma nova cultura organizacional por meio da valorização das pessoas que trabalham em uma empresa, notadamente a Masa da Amazônia LTDA, que está inserida no Pólo Industrial de Manaus, o segundo maior conglomerado de empresas industriais do Brasil. Dois objetivos ficam assentes: o primeiro deles é construir um modelo explicativo da satisfação g...

Efeitos de alterações na zona ripária sobre a integridade de igarapés amazônicos no Baixo rio Teles Pires, Norte de Mato Grosso

OpenAIRE

Bleich, Monica Elisa

2015-01-01

Na bacia Amazônica existem muitos riachos, localmente denominados de igarapés, inseridos em paisagens heterogêneas, considerando as variações naturais das condições geomorfológicas, os períodos hidrológicos e a degradação promovida pelo desmatamento, principalmente na borda sul da bacia. Logo, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os impactos de alterações na cobertura florestal ripária sobre a estrutura do ecossistema em igarapés de cabeceira no baixo rio Teles Pires, norte de Mato Gross...

The microbial community of Ophrydium versatile colonies: endosymbionts, residents, and tenants

Science.gov (United States)

Duval, B.; Margulis, L.

1995-01-01

Ophrydium versatile is a sessile peritrichous ciliate (Kingdom Protoctista, class Oligohymenophora, order Peritrichida, suborder Sessilina) that forms green, gelatinous colonies. Chlorophyll a and b impart a green color to Ophrydium masses due to 400-500 Chlorella-like endosymbionts in each peritrich. Ophrydium colonies, collected from two bog wetlands (Hawley and Leverett, Massachusetts) were analyzed for their gel inhabitants. Other protists include ciliates, mastigotes, euglenids, chlorophytes, and heliozoa. Routine constituents include from 50-100,000 Nitzschia per ml of gel and at least four other diatom genera (Navicula, Pinnularia, Gyrosigma, Cymbella) that may participate in synthesis of the gel matrix. Among the prokaryotes are filamentous and coccoid cyanobacteria, large rod-shaped bacteria, at least three types of spirochetes and one unidentified Saprospira-like organism. Endosymbiotic methanogenic bacteria, observed using fluorescence microscopy, were present in unidentified hypotrichous ciliates. Animals found inside the gel include rotifers, nematodes, and occasional copepods. The latter were observed in the water reservoir of larger Ophrydium masses. From 30-46% of incident visible radiation could be attenuated by Ophrydium green jelly masses in laboratory observations. Protargol staining was used to visualize the elongate macronuclei and small micronucleus of O. versatile zooids and symbiotic algal nuclei. Electron microscopic analysis of the wall of the Chlorella-like symbiont suggests that although the Ophrydium zooids from British Columbia harbor Chlorella vulgaris, those from Hawley Bog contain Graesiella sp. The growth habit in the photic zone and loose level of individuation of macroscopic Ophrydium masses are interpretable as extant analogs of certain Ediacaran biota: colonial protists in the Vendian fossil record.

Mobius Assembly: A versatile Golden-Gate framework towards universal DNA assembly.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andreas I Andreou

Full Text Available Synthetic biology builds upon the foundation of engineering principles, prompting innovation and improvement in biotechnology via a design-build-test-learn cycle. A community-wide standard in DNA assembly would enable bio-molecular engineering at the levels of predictivity and universality in design and construction that are comparable to other engineering fields. Golden Gate Assembly technology, with its robust capability to unidirectionally assemble numerous DNA fragments in a one-tube reaction, has the potential to deliver a universal standard framework for DNA assembly. While current Golden Gate Assembly frameworks (e.g. MoClo and Golden Braid render either high cloning capacity or vector toolkit simplicity, the technology can be made more versatile-simple, streamlined, and cost/labor-efficient, without compromising capacity. Here we report the development of a new Golden Gate Assembly framework named Mobius Assembly, which combines vector toolkit simplicity with high cloning capacity. It is based on a two-level, hierarchical approach and utilizes a low-frequency cutter to reduce domestication requirements. Mobius Assembly embraces the standard overhang designs designated by MoClo, Golden Braid, and Phytobricks and is largely compatible with already available Golden Gate part libraries. In addition, dropout cassettes encoding chromogenic proteins were implemented for cost-free visible cloning screening that color-code different cloning levels. As proofs of concept, we have successfully assembled up to 16 transcriptional units of various pigmentation genes in both operon and multigene arrangements. Taken together, Mobius Assembly delivers enhanced versatility and efficiency in DNA assembly, facilitating improved standardization and automation.

Stochastic Economic Dispatch with Wind using Versatile Probability Distribution and L-BFGS-B Based Dual Decomposition

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Huang, Shaojun; Sun, Yuanzhang; Wu, Qiuwei

2018-01-01

This paper focuses on economic dispatch (ED) in power systems with intermittent wind power, which is a very critical issue in future power systems. A stochastic ED problem is formed based on the recently proposed versatile probability distribution (VPD) of wind power. The problem is then analyzed...

Numerical tool development of fluid-structure interactions for investigation of obstructive sleep apnea

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Chien-Jung; White, Susan; Huang, Shao-Ching; Mallya, Sanjay; Eldredge, Jeff

2016-11-01

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a medical condition characterized by repetitive partial or complete occlusion of the airway during sleep. The soft tissues in the upper airway of OSA patients are prone to collapse under the low pressure loads incurred during breathing. The ultimate goal of this research is the development of a versatile numerical tool for simulation of air-tissue interactions in the patient specific upper airway geometry. This tool is expected to capture several phenomena, including flow-induced vibration (snoring) and large deformations during airway collapse of the complex airway geometry in respiratory flow conditions. Here, we present our ongoing progress toward this goal. To avoid mesh regeneration, for flow model, a sharp-interface embedded boundary method is used on Cartesian grids for resolving the fluid-structure interface, while for the structural model, a cut-cell finite element method is used. Also, to properly resolve large displacements, non-linear elasticity model is used. The fluid and structure solvers are connected with the strongly coupled iterative algorithm. The parallel computation is achieved with the numerical library PETSc. Some two- and three- dimensional preliminary results are shown to demonstrate the ability of this tool.

The versatile subepithelial connective tissue graft: a literature update.

Science.gov (United States)

Karthikeyan, B V; Khanna, Divya; Chowdhary, Kamedh Yashawant; Prabhuji, M Lv

2016-01-01

Harmony between hard and soft tissue morphologies is essential for form, function, and a good esthetic outlook. Replacement grafts for correction of soft tissue defects around the teeth have become important to periodontal plastic and implant surgical procedures. Among a multitude of surgical techniques and graft materials reported in literature, the subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) has gained wide popularity and acceptance. The purpose of this article is to acquaint clinicians with the current understanding of the versatile SCTG. Key factors associated with graft harvesting as well as applications, limitations, and complications of SCTGs are discussed. This connective tissue has shown excellent short- and long-term stability, is easily available, and is economical to use. The SCTG should be considered as an alternative in all periodontal reconstruction surgeries.

Tools for monitoring system suitability in LC MS/MS centric proteomic experiments.

Science.gov (United States)

Bereman, Michael S

2015-03-01

With advances in liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry technologies combined with the continued goals of biomarker discovery, clinical applications of established biomarkers, and integrating large multiomic datasets (i.e. "big data"), there remains an urgent need for robust tools to assess instrument performance (i.e. system suitability) in proteomic workflows. To this end, several freely available tools have been introduced that monitor a number of peptide identification (ID) and/or peptide ID free metrics. Peptide ID metrics include numbers of proteins, peptides, or peptide spectral matches identified from a complex mixture. Peptide ID free metrics include retention time reproducibility, full width half maximum, ion injection times, and integrated peptide intensities. The main driving force in the development of these tools is to monitor both intra- and interexperiment performance variability and to identify sources of variation. The purpose of this review is to summarize and evaluate these tools based on versatility, automation, vendor neutrality, metrics monitored, and visualization capabilities. In addition, the implementation of a robust system suitability workflow is discussed in terms of metrics, type of standard, and frequency of evaluation along with the obstacles to overcome prior to incorporating a more proactive approach to overall quality control in liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry based proteomic workflows. © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

384 hanging drop arrays give excellent Z-factors and allow versatile formation of co-culture spheroids.

Science.gov (United States)

Hsiao, Amy Y; Tung, Yi-Chung; Qu, Xianggui; Patel, Lalit R; Pienta, Kenneth J; Takayama, Shuichi

2012-05-01

We previously reported the development of a simple, user-friendly, and versatile 384 hanging drop array plate for 3D spheroid culture and the importance of utilizing 3D cellular models in anti-cancer drug sensitivity testing. The 384 hanging drop array plate allows for high-throughput capabilities and offers significant improvements over existing 3D spheroid culture methods. To allow for practical 3D cell-based high-throughput screening and enable broader use of the plate, we characterize the robustness of the 384 hanging drop array plate in terms of assay performance and demonstrate the versatility of the plate. We find that the 384 hanging drop array plate performance is robust in fluorescence- and colorimetric-based assays through Z-factor calculations. Finally, we demonstrate different plate capabilities and applications, including: spheroid transfer and retrieval for Janus spheroid formation, sequential addition of cells for concentric layer patterning of different cell types, and culture of a wide variety of cell types. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

A Versatile and Simple Approach to Generate Light Emission in Semiconductors Mediated by Electric Double Layers

KAUST Repository

Pu, Jiang

2017-04-18

The light-emitting device is the primary device for current light sources. In principle, conventional light-emitting devices need heterostructures and/or intentional carrier doping to form a p-n junction. This junction formation is, however, very difficult to achieve for most emerging semiconductors, and the fabrication of light-emitting devices is invariably a significant challenge. This study proposes a versatile and simple approach to realize light-emitting devices. This proposed device requires only a semiconducting film with two electrodes that are covered with an electrolyte. This unique structure achieves light emission at a voltage slightly larger than the bandgap energy of materials. This study applies this concept to emerging direct bandgap semiconductors, such as transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers and zinc oxide single crystals. These devices generate obvious light emission and provide sufficient evidence of the formation of a dynamic p-i-n junction or tunneling junction, presenting a versatile technique to develop optoelectronic devices.

The use of a versatile o-vanilloyl hydrazone ligand to prepare SMM-like Dy3 molecular cluster pair.

Science.gov (United States)

Xue, Shufang; Zhao, Lang; Guo, Yun-Nan; Zhang, Peng; Tang, Jinkui

2012-09-14

A novel lanthanide molecular cluster pair (MCP), displaying single molecule magnet behaviour, was assembled using the novel o-vanilloyl hydrazone ligand, versatile in terms of denticity, tautomerism and the rotatable C-C bond.

LEDWIRE: A Versatile Networking Platform for Smart LED Lighting Applications Using LIN-Bus and WSNs

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dimitrios D. Piromalis

2016-05-01

Full Text Available In this paper, the architecture of a versatile networking and control platform for Light-Emitting Diode (LED lighting applications is presented, based on embedded wireless and wired networking technologies. All the possible power and control signals distribution topologies of the lighting fixtures are examined with particular focus on dynamic lighting applications with design metrics as the cost, the required wiring installation expenses and maintenance complexity. The proposed platform is optimized for applications where the grouping of LED-based lighting fictures clusters is essential, as well as their synchronization. With such an approach, the distributed control and synchronization of LED lighting fixtures' clusters is performed through a versatile network that uses the single wire Local Interconnect Network (LIN bus. The proposed networking platform is presented in terms of its physical layer architecture, its data protocol configuration, and its functionality for smart control. As a proof of concept, the design of a LED lighting fixture together with a LIN-to-IEEE802.15.4/ZigBee data gateway is presented.

Engineering of bone fixation metal implants biointerface-Application of parylene C as versatile protective coating

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cieslik, Monika, E-mail: cieslik@chemia.uj.edu.pl [Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow (Poland); Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, PAS, W. Reymonta 25, 30-059 Krakow (Poland); Zimowski, Slawomir [AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow (Poland); Golda, Monika [Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow (Poland); Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, PAS, W. Reymonta 25, 30-059 Krakow (Poland); Engvall, Klas [KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Division of Chemical Technology, Drottning Kristinas vaeg. 42, SE-100 44 Stockholm (Sweden); Pan, Jinshan [KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Drottning Kristinas vaeg. 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm (Sweden); Rakowski, Wieslaw [AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow (Poland); Kotarba, Andrzej, E-mail: kotarba@chemia.uj.edu.pl [Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow (Poland)

2012-12-01

The tribological and protective properties of parylene C coatings (2-20 {mu}m) on stainless steel 316L implant materials were investigated by means of electrochemical measurements and wear tests. The thickness and morphology of the CVD prepared coatings were characterized by scanning electron and laser confocal microscopy. The stability of the coatings was examined in contact with Hanks' solution and H{sub 2}O{sub 2} (simulating the inflammatory response). It was concluded that silane-parylene C coating with the optimum thickness of 8 {mu}m exhibits excellent wear resistance properties and limits the wear formation. The engineered versatile coating demonstrates sufficient elastomer properties, essential to sustain the implantation surgery strains and micromotions during long-term usage in the body. - Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer A versatile coating for protection of metal implant surface is proposed. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The protective properties of 2-20 {mu}m silane-parylene C coating were examined. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The engineered material proves its high anticorrosive and wear resistance. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The practical implications of the coating properties were discussed.

X-ray absorption spectroscopy: EXAFS and XANES - A versatile tool to study the atomic and electronic structure of materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alp, E.E.; Mini, S.M.; Ramanathan, M.

1990-01-01

X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) had been an essential tool to gather spectroscopic information about atomic energy level structure in the early decades of this century. The correct interpretation of the oscillatory structure in the x-ray absorption cross-section above the absorption edge has transformed XAS from a spectroscopic tool to a structural technique. EXAFS (Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure) yields information about the interatomic distances, near neighbor coordination numbers, and lattice dynamics. XANES (X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure), on the other hand, gives information about the valence state, energy bandwidth and bond angles. Today, there are about 50 experimental stations in various synchrotrons around the world dedicated to collecting x-ray absorption data from the bulk and surfaces of solids and liquids. In this chapter, they will give the basic principles of XAS, explain the information content of essentially two different aspects of the absorption process leading to EXAFS and XANES, and discuss the source and sample limitations

A versatile stepping motor controller for systems with many motors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Feng, S.K.; Siddons, D.P.

1989-01-01

A versatile system for controlling beamlines or complex experimental setups is described. The system as currently configured can control up to 32 motors, with all motors capable of full speed operation concurrently. There are 2 limit switch inputs for each motor, and a further input to accept a reference position marker. The motors can be controlled via a front panel keyboard with display, or by a host computer over an IEEE-488 interface. Both methods can be used together if required. There is an ''emergency stop'' key on the front panel keyboard to stop the motion of all motors without losing track of the motors' position. 3 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab

A contribuição de Henri Lefebvre para reflexão do espaço urbano da Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Charles Benedito Gemaque Souza

2009-03-01

Full Text Available L'espace considéré comme historiquement produit par l'homme dans le fait d'organiser tant politique qu'économiquement sa société; c'est l'afirmation qui distingue les oeuvres de Henri Lefebvre. Il s'occupe d'un essai concret de retourner à dialetique de Marx, mais sans le dogmatisme et les oppressions qui sont caractéristique d'autres interprétations de matérialiste. Pourtant, le présent de la réflexion de cet auteur inhérente à l' urbanisation de l'espace amazonique et dans l'attribution avec son espace social présent dans le quotidien de Belém permet l'exercice de la reconnaissance de validité d'une telle pensée avec l’appehension de la complexité de la ville dans l’Amazonie.The space considered as historically produced by man in organizing both political and economical his society; this is the affirmation that distinguishes Henri Lefebvre masterpieces. It deals with a concrete attempt in returning to the Marx dialectic, but without the dogmatism the characteristic oppressions concerning other materialist interpretations. However, the present time of the actor reflection inherent to the Amazon urban space and in assignment with its socio-spatial presented in Belém day-to-day allows the exercise of the validity acknowledgment of such thought along with apprehension of the Amazon city complexity.O espaço considerado como historicamente produzido pelo homem à medida que organiza política e economicamente a sua sociedade, esta é a afirmação que distingue o conjunto das obras de Henri Lefebvre. Trata-se de uma tentativa concreta de retornar à dialética de Marx, contudo sem os dogmatismos e as opressões características de outras interpretações marxistas. Nessa acepção, a atualidade das reflexões do autor em relação à realidade do contexto urbano na Amazônia e, designadamente, com as contradições espaciais presentes no cotidiano de Belém permite um exercício de reconhecimento da validade deste pensamento

Uso do modelo qual2e no estudo da qualidade da água e da capacidade de autodepuração do Rio Araguari-AP (Amazônia)

OpenAIRE

BÁRBARA, Viníciu Fagundes

2006-01-01

A presente investigação apresenta uma caracterização hidráulica e da qualidade da água do médio curso do Rio Araguari (AP), em uma extensão de aproximadamente 120 km. O Rio Araguari, principal corpo hídrico do Estado do Amapá, está situado dentro dos domínios da Amazônia (a maior floresta tropical do planeta), em uma região com grande potencial hidrelétrico. No trecho em estudo, encontra-se implantada a Usina Hidrelétrica de Coaracy Nunes (UHECN), a primeira barragem edificada ...

The ChIP-Seq tools and web server: a resource for analyzing ChIP-seq and other types of genomic data.

Science.gov (United States)

Ambrosini, Giovanna; Dreos, René; Kumar, Sunil; Bucher, Philipp

2016-11-18

ChIP-seq and related high-throughput chromatin profilig assays generate ever increasing volumes of highly valuable biological data. To make sense out of it, biologists need versatile, efficient and user-friendly tools for access, visualization and itegrative analysis of such data. Here we present the ChIP-Seq command line tools and web server, implementing basic algorithms for ChIP-seq data analysis starting with a read alignment file. The tools are optimized for memory-efficiency and speed thus allowing for processing of large data volumes on inexpensive hardware. The web interface provides access to a large database of public data. The ChIP-Seq tools have a modular and interoperable design in that the output from one application can serve as input to another one. Complex and innovative tasks can thus be achieved by running several tools in a cascade. The various ChIP-Seq command line tools and web services either complement or compare favorably to related bioinformatics resources in terms of computational efficiency, ease of access to public data and interoperability with other web-based tools. The ChIP-Seq server is accessible at http://ccg.vital-it.ch/chipseq/ .

A brilliant sandwich type fluorescent nanostructure incorporating a compact quantum dot layer and versatile silica substrates.

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Liang; Wu, Qiong; Wang, Jing; Foda, Mohamed; Liu, Jiawei; Cai, Kai; Han, Heyou

2014-03-18

A "hydrophobic layer in silica" structure was designed to integrate a compact quantum dot (QD) layer with high quantum yield into scalable silica hosts containing desired functionality. This was based on metal affinity driven assembly of hydrophobic QDs with versatile silica substrates and homogeneous encapsulation of organosilica/silica layers.

VERSATILE, HIGH-RESOLUTION ANTEROGRADE LABELING OF VAGAL EFFERENT PROJECTIONS WITH DEXTRAN AMINES

Science.gov (United States)

Walter, Gary C.; Phillips, Robert J.; Baronowsky, Elizabeth A.; Powley, Terry L.

2009-01-01

None of the anterograde tracers used to label and investigate vagal preganglionic neurons projecting to the viscera has proved optimal for routine and extensive labeling of autonomic terminal fields. To identify an alternative tracer protocol, the present experiment evaluated whether dextran conjugates, which have produced superior results in the CNS, might yield widespread and effective labeling of long, fine-caliber vagal efferents in the peripheral nervous system. The dextran conjugates that were evaluated proved reliable and versatile for labeling the motor neuron pool in its entirety, for single- and multiple-labeling protocols, for both conventional and confocal fluorescence microscopy, and for permanent labeling protocols for brightfield microscopy of the projections to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Using a standard ABC kit followed by visualization with DAB as the chromagen, Golgi-like labeling of the vagal efferent terminal fields in the GI wall was achieved with the biotinylated dextrans. The definition of individual terminal varicosities was so sharp and detailed that it was routinely practical to examine the relationship of putative vagal efferent contacts (by the criteria of high magnification light microscopy) with the dendritic and somatic architecture of counterstained neurons in the myenteric plexus. Overall, dextran conjugates provide high-definition labeling of an extensive vagal motor pool in the GI tract, and offer considerable versatility when multiple-staining protocols are needed to elucidate the complexities of the innervation of the gut. PMID:19056424

Ultrafast and versatile spectroscopy by temporal Fourier transform

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Chi; Wei, Xiaoming; Marhic, Michel E.; Wong, Kenneth K. Y.

2014-06-01

One of the most remarkable and useful properties of a spatially converging lens system is its inherent ability to perform the Fourier transform; the same applies for the time-lens system. At the back focal plane of the time-lens, the spectral information can be instantaneously obtained in the time axis. By implementing temporal Fourier transform for spectroscopy applications, this time-lens-based architecture can provide orders of magnitude improvement over the state-of-art spatial-dispersion-based spectroscopy in terms of the frame rate. On the other hand, in addition to the single-lens structure, the multi-lens structures (e.g. telescope or wide-angle scope) will provide very versatile operating conditions. Leveraging the merit of instantaneous response, as well as the flexible lens structure, here we present a 100-MHz frame rate spectroscopy system - the parametric spectro-temporal analyzer (PASTA), which achieves 17 times zoom in/out ratio for different observation ranges.

A Versatile Microarray Platform for Capturing Rare Cells

Science.gov (United States)

Brinkmann, Falko; Hirtz, Michael; Haller, Anna; Gorges, Tobias M.; Vellekoop, Michael J.; Riethdorf, Sabine; Müller, Volkmar; Pantel, Klaus; Fuchs, Harald

2015-10-01

Analyses of rare events occurring at extremely low frequencies in body fluids are still challenging. We established a versatile microarray-based platform able to capture single target cells from large background populations. As use case we chose the challenging application of detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) - about one cell in a billion normal blood cells. After incubation with an antibody cocktail, targeted cells are extracted on a microarray in a microfluidic chip. The accessibility of our platform allows for subsequent recovery of targets for further analysis. The microarray facilitates exclusion of false positive capture events by co-localization allowing for detection without fluorescent labelling. Analyzing blood samples from cancer patients with our platform reached and partly outreached gold standard performance, demonstrating feasibility for clinical application. Clinical researchers free choice of antibody cocktail without need for altered chip manufacturing or incubation protocol, allows virtual arbitrary targeting of capture species and therefore wide spread applications in biomedical sciences.

Nanosilver: new ageless and versatile biomedical therapeutic scaffold.

Science.gov (United States)

Ullah Khan, Shahid; Saleh, Tawfik A; Wahab, Abdul; Khan, Muhammad Hafeez Ullah; Khan, Dilfaraz; Ullah Khan, Wasim; Rahim, Abdur; Kamal, Sajid; Ullah Khan, Farman; Fahad, Shah

2018-01-01

Silver nanotechnology has received tremendous attention in recent years, owing to its wide range of applications in various fields and its intrinsic therapeutic properties. In this review, an attempt is made to critically evaluate the chemical, physical, and biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as well as their efficacy in the field of theranostics including microbiology and parasitology. Moreover, an outlook is also provided regarding the performance of AgNPs against different biological systems such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites (leishmanial and malarial parasites) in curing certain fatal human diseases, with a special focus on cancer. The mechanism of action of AgNPs in different biological systems still remains enigmatic. Here, due to limited available literature, we only focused on AgNPs mechanism in biological systems including human (wound healing and apoptosis), bacteria, and viruses which may open new windows for future research to ensure the versatile application of AgNPs in cosmetics, electronics, and medical fields.

A versatile electrostatic trap with open optical access

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Sheng-Qiang; Yin, Jian-Ping

2018-04-01

A versatile electrostatic trap with open optical access for cold polar molecules in weak-field-seeking state is proposed in this paper. The trap is composed of a pair of disk electrodes and a hexapole. With the help of a finite element software, the spatial distribution of the electrostatic field is calculated. The results indicate that a three-dimensional closed electrostatic trap is formed. Taking ND3 molecules as an example, the dynamic process of loading and trapping is simulated. The results show that when the velocity of the molecular beam is 10 m/s and the loading time is 0.9964 ms, the maximum loading efficiency reaches 94.25% and the temperature of the trapped molecules reaches about 30.3 mK. A single well can be split into two wells, which is of significant importance to the precision measurement and interference of matter waves. This scheme, in addition, can be further miniaturized to construct one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional spatial electrostatic lattices.

iPad The Missing Manual

CERN Document Server

Biersdorfer, J

2010-01-01

The iPad 2 is faster, lighter, and more versatile than its predecessor, but there's still no printed guide to using its amazing features. That's where this full-color Missing Manual comes in. Learn how to stream HD video, make video calls, manage your email, surf the Web, listen to music, play games, and maybe even do a little iWork. This is the book that should have been in the box. Build your media library. Fill your iPad with music, movies, TV shows, eBooks, photos, and more.Share with others. Stream music, HD movies, TV shows, and more, to and from your iPad.Create your own media. Use the

The Discovery Dome: A Tool for Increasing Student Engagement

Science.gov (United States)

Brevik, Corinne

2015-04-01

The Discovery Dome is a portable full-dome theater that plays professionally-created science films. Developed by the Houston Museum of Natural Science and Rice University, this inflatable planetarium offers a state-of-the-art visual learning experience that can address many different fields of science for any grade level. It surrounds students with roaring dinosaurs, fascinating planets, and explosive storms - all immersive, engaging, and realistic. Dickinson State University has chosen to utilize its Discovery Dome to address Earth Science education at two levels. University courses across the science disciplines can use the Discovery Dome as part of their curriculum. The digital shows immerse the students in various topics ranging from astronomy to geology to weather and climate. The dome has proven to be a valuable tool for introducing new material to students as well as for reinforcing concepts previously covered in lectures or laboratory settings. The Discovery Dome also serves as an amazing science public-outreach tool. University students are trained to run the dome, and they travel with it to schools and libraries around the region. During the 2013-14 school year, our Discovery Dome visited over 30 locations. Many of the schools visited are in rural settings which offer students few opportunities to experience state-of-the-art science technology. The school kids are extremely excited when the Discovery Dome visits their community, and they will talk about the experience for many weeks. Traveling with the dome is also very valuable for the university students who get involved in the program. They become very familiar with the science content, and they gain experience working with teachers as well as the general public. They get to share their love of science, and they get to help inspire a new generation of scientists.

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: A versatile tool for ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

The foun- dation for LIBS is a solid state, short-pulsed laser that is focused on a sample to generate ... sample that can be detected and analyzed using a suitable optical ... The fiber bundle is positioned at a distance of nearly 1.0–1.5 cm from.

Prussian Blue Nanoparticles as a Versatile Photothermal Tool

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Giacomo Dacarro

2018-06-01

Full Text Available Prussian blue (PB is a coordination polymer studied since the early 18th century, historically known as a pigment. PB can be prepared in colloidal form with a straightforward synthesis. It has a strong charge-transfer absorption centered at ~700 nm, with a large tail in the Near-IR range. Irradiation of this band results in thermal relaxation and can be exploited to generate a local hyperthermia by irradiating in the so-called bio-transparent Near-IR window. PB nanoparticles are fully biocompatible (PB has already been approved by FDA and biodegradable, this making them ideal candidates for in vivo use. While papers based on the imaging, drug-delivery and absorbing properties of PB nanoparticles have appeared and have been reviewed in the past decades, a very recent interest is flourishing with the use of PB nanoparticles as photothermal agents in biomedical applications. This review summarizes the syntheses and the optical features of PB nanoparticles in relation to their photothermal use and describes the state of the art of PB nanoparticles as photothermal agents, also in combination with diagnostic techniques.

Algunas plantas leñosas del Trapecio Amazónico Colombiano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dugand Armando

1956-09-01

Full Text Available La lista de plantas que compone este breve artículo fue confeccionada extrayendo los datos respectivos de la obra "Woods of Northeastern Peru" de Llewelyn Williams, publicada en FIELD MUSEUMOF NATURAL, HISTORY,BOTANICALSERIES, Vol. 15, pp. 1-509; 1936. En dicha obra el señor Williams cataloga -entre muchas otras de distintas regiones de la Amazonia peruana-- un buen numero de plantas leñosas coleccionadas por él en la hacienda "La Victoria", muy cerca de Leticia, haciéndolas figurar como del Perú. Esto se debe a que en la época que Williams visito aquella región hoy colombiana -a mediados de 1929- no se había perfeccionado todavía, o mejor dicho, no se había puesto en práctica (aunque ya estaba promulgado solemnemente el tratado de fronteras entre Colombia y el Perú que puso fin al litigio que estos dos países sostuvieron por más de un siglo sobre una gran parte del territorio selvoso que se extiende entre los ríos Caquetá y Amazonas. Digo que no se había puesto en practica dicho tratado porque, si bien se firmó el 24 de marzo de 1922 y se promulgo el 31 de marzo de 1938, sólo vino a ejecutarse in situ el 17 de agosto de 1930, después de localizada y amojonada la frontera, mediante la formalidad del acto de entrega y de recibo de los territorios que les tocó definitivamente a un país y al otro. Fue, pues, un año después de la visita de Williams a dicha región cuando la bandera y las autoridades colombianas reemplazaron efectivamente a las peruanas en el llamado "Trapecio Amazónico", cuya población principal es Leticia, sobre el rio Amazonas.

Versatile, High Quality and Scalable Continuous Flow Production of Metal-Organic Frameworks

Science.gov (United States)

Rubio-Martinez, Marta; Batten, Michael P.; Polyzos, Anastasios; Carey, Keri-Constanti; Mardel, James I.; Lim, Kok-Seng; Hill, Matthew R.

2014-01-01

Further deployment of Metal-Organic Frameworks in applied settings requires their ready preparation at scale. Expansion of typical batch processes can lead to unsuccessful or low quality synthesis for some systems. Here we report how continuous flow chemistry can be adapted as a versatile route to a range of MOFs, by emulating conditions of lab-scale batch synthesis. This delivers ready synthesis of three different MOFs, with surface areas that closely match theoretical maxima, with production rates of 60 g/h at extremely high space-time yields. PMID:24962145

Das Abordagens de Desenvolvimento aos Instrumentos de Planejamento e Gestão Urbanos: A Influência de Idéias Exógenas nos Planos Diretores Amazônicos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tiago Veloso

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Na atualidade das políticas públicas para o espaço urbano no Brasil, tem sido criada uma normatização geral acerca da construção de instrumentos de planejamento e gestão urbana, constituídos especialmente no período pós-Constituição de 1988. A normatização dispõe acerca da obrigatoriedade de boa parte dos municípios brasileiros em construir seus instrumentos de planejamento e desenvolvimento urbano, notadamente o plano diretor. Nesse sentido, trata-se de compreender o processo de difusão das principais abordagens de desenvolvimento urbano, no contexto de estruturação de planos diretores municipais urbanos, analisando as cidades amazônicas pelo estudo de caso da conformação metropolitana de Belém a partir de suas duas principais cidades, Belém e Ananindeua. O estudo busca elucidar como a difusão dessas abordagens de desenvolvimento acontece na escala local, especialmente na construção de instrumentos de planejamento e gestão, como os planos diretores. Este estudo foi fundamentado teoricamente a partir da contribuição acerca das abordagens de desenvolvimento urbano de Souza (1998; 2000; 2002 e, do ponto de vista metodológico, adotou uma abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa, utilizando análise documental e dados primários provenientes de instituições de planejamento envolvidas no processo de difusão da agenda urbana na Amazônia.

Versatile element for free-space dividing and redirecting neutral-atom clouds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arakelyan, I. V.; Chattrapiban, N.; Mitra, S.; Hill, W. T. III

2007-01-01

We introduce a tunnel lock that can be exploited to divide, delay, and alter the direction of traveling clouds of cold atoms. This versatile free-space element is implemented by crossing two atom tunnels formed by low-intensity, blue-detuned dark-hollow (Bessel mode) laser beams. We show that clouds of cold Rb atoms initially moving within one tunnel can be transferred to the other without heating by gating the intensities of the two tunnels--a tunnel lock--with an efficiency limited by the overlap volume. The element also can be used to divide a single cloud into smaller clouds, each having a distinct momentum

A versatile multi-user polyimide surface micromachinning process for MEMS applications

KAUST Repository

Carreno, Armando Arpys Arevalo

2015-04-01

This paper reports a versatile multi-user micro-fabrication process for MEMS devices, the \\'Polyimide MEMS Multi-User Process\\' (PiMMPs). The reported process uses polyimide as the structural material and three separate metallization layers that can be interconnected depending on the desired application. This process enables for the first time the development of out-of-plane compliant mechanisms that can be designed using six different physical principles for actuation and sensing on a wafer from a single fabrication run. These principles are electrostatic motion, thermal bimorph actuation, capacitive sensing, magnetic sensing, thermocouple-based sensing and radio frequency transmission and reception. © 2015 IEEE.

OPPL-Galaxy, a Galaxy tool for enhancing ontology exploitation as part of bioinformatics workflows

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-01

Background Biomedical ontologies are key elements for building up the Life Sciences Semantic Web. Reusing and building biomedical ontologies requires flexible and versatile tools to manipulate them efficiently, in particular for enriching their axiomatic content. The Ontology Pre Processor Language (OPPL) is an OWL-based language for automating the changes to be performed in an ontology. OPPL augments the ontologists’ toolbox by providing a more efficient, and less error-prone, mechanism for enriching a biomedical ontology than that obtained by a manual treatment. Results We present OPPL-Galaxy, a wrapper for using OPPL within Galaxy. The functionality delivered by OPPL (i.e. automated ontology manipulation) can be combined with the tools and workflows devised within the Galaxy framework, resulting in an enhancement of OPPL. Use cases are provided in order to demonstrate OPPL-Galaxy’s capability for enriching, modifying and querying biomedical ontologies. Conclusions Coupling OPPL-Galaxy with other bioinformatics tools of the Galaxy framework results in a system that is more than the sum of its parts. OPPL-Galaxy opens a new dimension of analyses and exploitation of biomedical ontologies, including automated reasoning, paving the way towards advanced biological data analyses. PMID:23286517

Building versatile bipartite probes for quantum metrology

Science.gov (United States)

Farace, Alessandro; De Pasquale, Antonella; Adesso, Gerardo; Giovannetti, Vittorio

2016-01-01

We consider bipartite systems as versatile probes for the estimation of transformations acting locally on one of the subsystems. We investigate what resources are required for the probes to offer a guaranteed level of metrological performance, when the latter is averaged over specific sets of local transformations. We quantify such a performance via the average skew information (AvSk), a convex quantity which we compute in closed form for bipartite states of arbitrary dimensions, and which is shown to be strongly dependent on the degree of local purity of the probes. Our analysis contrasts and complements the recent series of studies focused on the minimum, rather than the average, performance of bipartite probes in local estimation tasks, which was instead determined by quantum correlations other than entanglement. We provide explicit prescriptions to characterize the most reliable states maximizing the AvSk, and elucidate the role of state purity, separability and correlations in the classification of optimal probes. Our results can help in the identification of useful resources for sensing, estimation and discrimination applications when complete knowledge of the interaction mechanism realizing the local transformation is unavailable, and access to pure entangled probes is technologically limited.

Bits and q-bits as versatility measures

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José R.C. Piqueira

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Using Shannon information theory is a common strategy to measure any kind of variability in a signal or phenomenon. Some methods were developed to adapt information entropy measures to bird song data trying to emphasize its versatility aspect. This classical approach, using the concept of bit, produces interesting results. Now, the original idea developed in this paper is to use the quantum information theory and the quantum bit (q-bit concept in order to provide a more complete vision of the experimental results.Usar a teoria da informação de Shannon é uma estratégia comum para medir todo tipo de variabilidade em um sinal ou fenômeno. Alguns métodos foram desenvolvidos para adaptar a medida de entropia informacional a dados de cantos de pássaro, tentando enfatizar seus aspectos de versatilidade. Essa abordagem clássica, usando o conceito de bit, produz resultados interessantes. Agora, a idéia original desenvolvida neste artigo é usar a teoria quântica da informação e o conceito de q-bit, com a finalidade de proporcionar uma visão mais completa dos resultados experimentais.

Precise and versatile formula for birefringent filters

Science.gov (United States)

Shao, Zhongxing

1996-07-01

In an investigation of extraordinary-(E-) ray behavior and the index of refraction for E waves in a uniaxial crystal, a precise and versatile formula for birefringent filters, based on the exact construction of the optical path difference, is set up with neither the approximation Delta n = no - ne less than or equals no (or n e), nor the ambiguity sin( theta )/sin(rw) = ne. The exact construction gives the correct variation of the position and the dimension in each path, yielding the path difference while the filter is tuning. The formula is applicable not only to a filter with its optical axis parallel to the entrance surface (FAPS) but also to a filter with its axis inclined to the surface (FAIS). Also, the formula indicates that a FAIS allows laser wavelengths to be tuned over a wider range than does a FAPS. The origin of the wider range is interpreted to be the greater variation in the index for the FAIS while the filter is tuning. With the help of the formula we design a FAIS for tuning a cw 42.25.Lc.

Building versatile bipartite probes for quantum metrology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Farace, Alessandro; Pasquale, Antonella De; Giovannetti, Vittorio; Adesso, Gerardo

2016-01-01

We consider bipartite systems as versatile probes for the estimation of transformations acting locally on one of the subsystems. We investigate what resources are required for the probes to offer a guaranteed level of metrological performance, when the latter is averaged over specific sets of local transformations. We quantify such a performance via the average skew information (AvSk), a convex quantity which we compute in closed form for bipartite states of arbitrary dimensions, and which is shown to be strongly dependent on the degree of local purity of the probes. Our analysis contrasts and complements the recent series of studies focused on the minimum, rather than the average, performance of bipartite probes in local estimation tasks, which was instead determined by quantum correlations other than entanglement. We provide explicit prescriptions to characterize the most reliable states maximizing the AvSk, and elucidate the role of state purity, separability and correlations in the classification of optimal probes. Our results can help in the identification of useful resources for sensing, estimation and discrimination applications when complete knowledge of the interaction mechanism realizing the local transformation is unavailable, and access to pure entangled probes is technologically limited. (paper)

Development of versatile multiaperture negative ion sources

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cavenago, M.; Minarello, A.; Sattin, M. [INFN-LNL, v.le dell' Universita n 2, I-35020, Legnaro (PD) Italy (Italy); Serianni, G.; Antoni, V.; Bigi, M.; Pasqualotto, R.; Recchia, M.; Veltri, P.; Agostinetti, P.; Barbisan, M.; Baseggio, L.; Cervaro, V.; Degli Agostini, F.; Franchin, L.; Laterza, B.; Ravarotto, D.; Rossetto, F.; Zaniol, B.; Zucchetti, S. [Consorzio RFX, Associazione Euratom-ENEA sulla fusione, c.so S. Uniti 4, 35127 Padova (Italy); and others

2015-04-08

Enhancement of negative ion sources for production of large ion beams is a very active research field nowadays, driven from demand of plasma heating in nuclear fusion devices and accelerator applications. As a versatile test bench, the ion source NIO1 (Negative Ion Optimization 1) is being commissioned by Consorzio RFX and INFN. The nominal beam current of 135 mA at −60 kV is divided into 9 beamlets, with multiaperture extraction electrodes. The plasma is sustained by a 2 MHz radiofrequency power supply, with a standard matching box. A High Voltage Deck (HVD) placed inside the lead shielding surrounding NIO1 contains the radiofrequency generator, the gas control, electronics and power supplies for the ion source. An autonomous closed circuit water cooling system was installed for the whole system, with a branch towards the HVD, using carefully optimized helical tubing. Insulation transformer is installed in a nearby box. Tests of several magnetic configurations can be performed. Status of experiments, measured spectra and plasma luminosity are described. Upgrades of magnetic filter, beam calorimeter and extraction grid and related theoretical issues are reviewed.

Versatile Auxiliary Orthodontic Spring for Orthodontic Correction of Impacted Teeth

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pavankumar Janardan Vibhute

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Malocclusion such as impacted tooth is not uncommon. Many approaches with various auxiliary springs have been reported in literature till date for correction of such malocclusions. They had biomechanical, retentive and stability drawbacks inherent in their designs. This article presents the innovative approach for orthodontic correction of impacted tooth, especially with light force appliance, i.e. Begg′s appliance, where round wires in round molar tubes are used throughout treatment. A versatile auxiliary orthodontic spring (VAOS is fabricated in the 0.018 inch Australian stainless steel round wire, which may be anchored on round molar buccal tube, and desirable force vector may be applied in any of the three dimensions. Fabrication and its clinical application are discussed.

Note: A versatile radio-frequency source for cold atom experiments

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li, Na; Wu, Yu-Ping; Min, Hao; Yang, Tao; Jiang, Xiao, E-mail: jiangx@ustc.edu.cn [Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 (China); CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 (China)

2016-08-15

A radio-frequency (RF) source designed for cold atom experiments is presented. The source uses AD9858, a direct digital synthesizer, to generate the sine wave directly, up to 400 MHz, with sub-Hz resolution. An amplitude control circuit consisting of wideband variable gain amplifier and high speed digital to analog converter is integrated into the source, capable of 70 dB off isolation and 4 ns on-off keying. A field programmable gate array is used to implement a versatile frequency and amplitude co-sweep logic. Owing to modular design, the RF sources have been used on many cold atom experiments to generate various complicated RF sequences, enriching the operation schemes of cold atoms, which cannot be done by standard RF source instruments.

The human PDI family: Versatility packed into a single fold

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Appenzeller-Herzog, Christian; Ellgaard, Lars

2007-01-01

in promoting oxidative protein folding in the ER has been extended in recent years to include roles in other processes such as ER-associated degradation (ERAD), trafficking, calcium homeostasis, antigen presentation and virus entry. Some of these functions are performed by non-catalytic members of the family...... that lack the active-site cysteines. Regardless of their function, all human PDIs contain at least one domain of approximately 100 amino acid residues with structural homology to thioredoxin. As we learn more about the individual proteins of the family, a complex picture is emerging that emphasizes as much...... their differences as their similarities, and underlines the versatility of the thioredoxin fold. Here, we primarily explore the diversity of cellular functions described for the human PDIs. Udgivelsesdato: 2007-Dec-3...

“Los embrujos secretos del trópico”. Frontera amazónica y producción del espacio estatal en la obra cinematográfica de Jorge Ruiz

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberto Pareja

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Este artículo estudia la obra cinematográfica de Jorge Ruiz utilizando la teoría socio-espacial de Henri Lefebvre. Argumenta que sus documentales, películas etnográficas y noticieros para el cine constituyen una totalidad discursiva que presenta estéticamente la producción del espacio estatal boliviano durante el siglo XX. A partir de una retórica audiovisual que juega con nociones de verticalidad, horizontalidad y centralidad, la obra de Ruiz posiciona el espacio andino como el eje de la modernización estatal y sitúa  a la cuenca amazónica en los márgenes del estado. Concluye que hacer visible la región amazónica en el discurso de la nación tuvo como efecto el desplazamiento de los antagonismos de clase en favor del conflicto entre centro y regiones.This article studies the cinematography of Jorge Ruiz making use of the socio-spatial theory of Henri Lefebvre. It argues that his documentaries, ethnographic films and newsreels for the cinema constitute a discursive totality that presents aesthetically the production of the Bolivian state space during the twentieth century. From an audiovisual rhetoric that plays with notions of verticality, horizontality and centrality, Ruiz’s work locates Andean space as the focal point of state modernization and situates the Amazon basin at the margins of the state. It concludes that in making the Amazon region visible in the nation’s discourse this had the effect of displacing class antagonisms in favor of the conflict between center and regions.

Raspberry Pi home automation with Arduino

CERN Document Server

Dennis, Andrew K

2015-01-01

If you are new to the Raspberry Pi, the Arduino, or home automation and wish to develop some amazing projects using these tools, then this book is for you. Any experience in using the Raspberry Pi would be an added advantage.

Solenoid Driven Pressure Valve System: Toward Versatile Fluidic Control in Paper Microfluidics.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Taehoon H; Hahn, Young Ki; Lee, Jungmin; van Noort, Danny; Kim, Minseok S

2018-02-20

As paper-based diagnostics has become predominantly driven by more advanced microfluidic technology, many of the research efforts are still focused on developing reliable and versatile fluidic control devices, apart from improving sensitivity and reproducibility. In this work, we introduce a novel and robust paper fluidic control system enabling versatile fluidic control. The system comprises a linear push-pull solenoid and an Arduino Uno microcontroller. The precisely controlled pressure exerted on the paper stops the flow. We first determined the stroke distance of the solenoid to obtain a constant pressure while examining the fluidic time delay as a function of the pressure. Results showed that strips of grade 1 chromatography paper had superior reproducibility in fluid transport. Next, we characterized the reproducibility of the fluidic velocity which depends on the type and grade of paper used. As such, we were able to control the flow velocity on the paper and also achieve a complete stop of flow with a pressure over 2.0 MPa. Notably, after the actuation of the pressure driven valve (PDV), the previously pressed area regained its original flow properties. This means that, even on a previously pressed area, multiple valve operations can be successfully conducted. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of an active and repetitive valve operation in paper microfluidics. As a proof of concept, we have chosen to perform a multistep detection system in the form of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with mouse IgG as the target analyte.

lnterculturalidad. Un desafío. Lima: Centro Amazónico de Antropología y Aplicación Práctica, 1992; 59 p.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Esperanza Daysi Kocchiu Yi

1992-11-01

Full Text Available Es en los últimos años que se ha planteado desde distintos sectores y especialidades a la INTERCULTURALIDAD como alternativa y desafío, es decir como dimensión a construir en el tejido de las relaciones humanas. En dicho sentido es que el trabajo titulado"INTERCULTURALIDAD. UN DESAFIO" realizado por un equipo interdisciplinar del Centro Amazónico de Antropología y Aplicación Práctica, formado por tres profesionales de las especialidades de Educación, Filosofía y Derecho, significa un valiosísimo esfuerzo por contribuir desde sus respectivas disciplinas tanto al análisis y esclarecimiento de dicho desafío, como a abrir un diálogo fructífero en tomo a tal reto.

Origens da Política Externa Brasileira na Amazônia: formação de fronteiras e ciclos diplomáticos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paula Gomes Moreira

2014-03-01

Full Text Available O artigo tem como objetivo contribuir para o desenvolvimento dos estudos sobre a formação das fronteiras ao norte brasileiras. O período em tela marca diferentes momentos de intensas disputas, especialmente sobre o território amazônico, dos quais derivaram três ciclos diplomáticos que se sucederam no tempo e permitiram o avanço da iminente política exterior com relação à defesa, segurança, comércio, economia e outros.  The article aims to contribute to the development of studies about the north Brazilian borders formation. The period in question remarks different moments of intense disputes, especially over the Amazon territory, of which three cycles diplomatic derived and that continued in time and enabled the advance of the impending foreign policy with regard to defense, security, trade, economy and others.

The demand for pregnancy testing: The Aschheim–Zondek reaction, diagnostic versatility, and laboratory services in 1930s Britain

Science.gov (United States)

Olszynko-Gryn, Jesse

2014-01-01

The Aschheim–Zondek reaction is generally regarded as the first reliable hormone test for pregnancy and as a major product of the ‘heroic age’ of reproductive endocrinology. Invented in Berlin in the late 1920s, by the mid 1930s a diagnostic laboratory in Edinburgh was performing thousands of tests every year for doctors around Britain. In her classic history of antenatal care, sociologist Ann Oakley claimed that the Aschheim–Zondek test launched a ‘modern era’ of obstetric knowledge, which asserted its superiority over that of pregnant women. This article reconsiders Oakley’s claim by examining how pregnancy testing worked in practice. It explains the British adoption of the test in terms less of the medicalisation of pregnancy than of clinicians’ increasing general reliance on laboratory services for differential diagnosis. Crucially, the Aschheim–Zondek reaction was a test not directly for the fetus, but for placental tissue. It was used, less as a yes-or-no test for ordinary pregnancy, than as a versatile diagnostic tool for the early detection of malignant tumours and hormonal deficiencies believed to cause miscarriage. This test was as much a product of oncology and the little-explored world of laboratory services as of reproductive medicine. PMID:24388014

Remote meta-C-H olefination of phenylacetic acids directed by a versatile U-shaped template.

Science.gov (United States)

Deng, Youqian; Yu, Jin-Quan

2015-01-12

meta-C-H olefination of phenylacetic acid derivatives has been achieved using a commercially available nitrile-containing template. The identification of N-formyl-protected glycine as the ligand (Formyl-Gly-OH) was crucial for the development of this reaction. Versatility of the template approach in accommodating macrocyclopalladation processes with different ring sizes is demonstrated. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Indivíduos celestes: cristianismo e parentesco em um grupo nativo da Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aparecida Vilaça

2007-07-01

Full Text Available Esse artigo parte da oposição entre sociedades individualistas e relacionais desenvolvida por Joel Robbins para a análise do conflito gerado pela adoção do cristianismo entre os Urapmin da Papua Nova Guiné. No caso dos Wari' amazônicos, a percepção aguda da centralidade da noção de indivíduo no cristianismo a eles apresentado, e do conflito potencial entre esta noção e os valores relacionais de sua sociedade, os levou ao engenhoso descolamento desses indivíduos para o mundo póstumo, situando-os em um céu constituído por hiper-indivíduos, sem qualquer relação entre si.This article sets out from the opposition between individualist and relational societies developed by Joel Robbins in his analysis of the conflict generated by the adoption of Christianity among the Urapmin of Papua New Guinea. In the case of the Amazonian Wari', their acute perception of the centrality of the notion of the individual in the version of Christianity presented to them, and the potential conflict between this notion and the relational values of their own society, led them to the ingenious solution of dislocating these individuals to the posthumous world, situating them in a heaven of hyper-individuals without any relationship to each other.

A versatile automated platform for micro-scale cell stimulation experiments.

Science.gov (United States)

Sinha, Anupama; Jebrail, Mais J; Kim, Hanyoup; Patel, Kamlesh D; Branda, Steven S

2013-08-06

Study of cells in culture (in vitro analysis) has provided important insight into complex biological systems. Conventional methods and equipment for in vitro analysis are well suited to study of large numbers of cells (≥ 10(5)) in milliliter-scale volumes (≥ 0.1 ml). However, there are many instances in which it is necessary or desirable to scale down culture size to reduce consumption of the cells of interest and/or reagents required for their culture, stimulation, or processing. Unfortunately, conventional approaches do not support precise and reproducible manipulation of micro-scale cultures, and the microfluidics-based automated systems currently available are too complex and specialized for routine use by most laboratories. To address this problem, we have developed a simple and versatile technology platform for automated culture, stimulation, and recovery of small populations of cells (100-2,000 cells) in micro-scale volumes (1-20 μl). The platform consists of a set of fibronectin-coated microcapillaries ("cell perfusion chambers"), within which micro-scale cultures are established, maintained, and stimulated; a digital microfluidics (DMF) device outfitted with "transfer" microcapillaries ("central hub"), which routes cells and reagents to and from the perfusion chambers; a high-precision syringe pump, which powers transport of materials between the perfusion chambers and the central hub; and an electronic interface that provides control over transport of materials, which is coordinated and automated via pre-determined scripts. As an example, we used the platform to facilitate study of transcriptional responses elicited in immune cells upon challenge with bacteria. Use of the platform enabled us to reduce consumption of cells and reagents, minimize experiment-to-experiment variability, and re-direct hands-on labor. Given the advantages that it confers, as well as its accessibility and versatility, our platform should find use in a wide variety of

Efluxo de CO2 do solo em floresta de transição Amazônia Cerrado e em área de pastagem Soil efflux CO2 in mature transitional tropical forest Amazônia and pasture area

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Osvaldo Borges Pinto-Junior

2009-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi (a estimar o efluxo de CO2 do solo em uma Floresta de Transição Amazônica Cerrado e em uma área de Pastagem localizadas no norte do Mato Grosso, e (b verificar a influência da umidade e temperatura do solo, e serrapilheira acumulada no efluxo de CO2. As medições foram realizadas com aparelho de absorção de CO2 por infravermelho (EGM/WMA-2 PP System, Hitchin Hertz, UK de maio/2005 a abril/2006. Os valores médios do efluxo de CO2 do solo na Floresta e na área de Pastagem foram de 5,45 e 4,95 µmolm-2s-1, respectivamente. Uma resposta satisfatória do efluxo de CO2 do solo e a serrapilheira acumulada, ocorreu somente na estação seca. Na estação seca o comportamento do efluxo de CO2 do solo foi semelhante na Floresta de Transição Amazônica Cerrado e na área de Pastagem, e na estação úmida os ecossistemas apresentaram comportamentos distintos, e o efluxo de CO2 do solo na área de Pastagem foi superior ao na Floresta de Transição. É essencial que se avalie a influência de outros fatores no efluxo de CO2 em ecossistemas localizados em um mesmo ecótono para a obtenção de novas respostas que contribuíam para esclarecer as dúvidas da emissão de CO2 em nível mundial.The objective of this paper was (a to estimate the CO2 soil efflux in a Mature Transitional Tropical Forest Amazonia and a area of Pasture in the north of the Mato Grosso; (b to analyzer the influence of the soil humidity and temperature, and accumulated litter. The measurements had been carried through with device of CO2 absorption for infra-red ray (EGM/WMA-2 PP System, Hitchin Hertz, UK in may/2005 to april/2006. The average values of the CO2 efflux of the ground in the Forest and the area of 5,45 and 4,94 µmolm-2s-1 Pasture µmolm-2s-1, respectively. In the dry season the behavior of the CO2 efflux of the ground was similar in the Mature Transitional Tropical Forest Amazonian and in the area of Pasture, and in the wet season

In vitro head-to-head comparison of the durability, versatility and efficacy of the NGage and novel Dakota stone retrieval baskets.

Science.gov (United States)

Bechis, Seth K; Abbott, Joel E; Sur, Roger L

2017-12-01

To compare head to head two end-engaging nitinol stone retrieval devices available to urologists, in terms of durability, versatility and efficacy. For durability testing, 30 NGage and Dakota baskets were cycled 20 times between grasping and releasing synthetic stone models and evaluated for damage or device failure. For versatility and efficacy testing, baskets were assessed in their ability to capture and release stone models from 1 to 11 mm. Each stone was raised above the capture site and the basket was opened to passively release the stone. If the stone did not release, the basket handle was shaken and the OpenSure feature employed if needed. Manual release was used as a last resort. Durability-the Cook NGage demonstrated a statistically significant increased rate of visible device breakdown (P=0.0046) in 8 of 30 (26.7%) devices vs. 0 of 30 Dakota devices, with mean damage at 13.5 cycles. Versatility and efficacy-both 8 mm baskets successfully captured stones from 1-8 mm. The Dakota more effectively released 7-8 mm stones (PDakota. For 11 mm baskets, the Dakota released all stones up to 10 mm with simple opening, while the NGage released 10 of 15 (67%) of 9 mm stones and 1 of 15 (7%) of 10 mm stones by simple opening. For 11 mm stones, the Dakota captured 100% whereas NGage could not capture any. Both baskets showed similar durability characteristics. The Dakota basket more effectively captured and released stones over 7 mm, as compared to the NGage basket. The OpenSure aspect conferred an advantage in handling and release of larger stones. These in vitro results demonstrate potential versatility, durability and efficacy of the Dakota basket.

miR-9: a versatile regulator of neurogenesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marion Coolen

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Soon after its discovery, microRNA-9 (miR-9 attracted the attention of neurobiologists, since it is one of the most highly expressed microRNAs in the developing and adult vertebrate brain. Functional analyses in different vertebrate species have revealed a prominent role of this microRNA in balancing proliferation in embryonic neural progenitor populations. Key transcriptional regulators such as FoxG1, Hes1 or Tlx, were identified as direct targets of miR-9, placing it at the core of the gene network controlling the progenitor state. Recent data also suggest that this function could extend to adult neural stem cells. Other studies point to a role of miR-9 in differentiated neurons. Moreover miR-9 has been implicated in human brain pathologies, either displaying a protective role, such as in Progeria, or participating in disease progression in brain cancers. Altogether functional studies highlight a prominent feature of this highly conserved microRNA, its functional versatility, both along its evolutionary history and across cellular contexts.

SIRIUS 2: A versatile medium power research reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rousselle, P.

1992-01-01

Most of the Research Reactors in the world have been critical in the Sixties and operated for twenty to thirty years. Some of them have been completely shut down, modified, or simply refurbished; the total number of RR in operation has decreased but there is still an important need for medium power research reactors in order: - to sustain a power program with fuel and material testing for NPP or fusion reactors; - to produce radioisotopes for industrial or medical purposes, doped silicon, NAA or neutron radiography; - to investigate further the condensed matter, with cold neutrons routed through neutron guides to improved equipment; - to develop new technologies and applications such as medical alphatherapy. Hence, taking advantage of nearly hundred reactor x years operation and backed up by the CEA experience, TECHNICATOME assisted by FRAMATOME has designed a new versatile multipurpose Research Reactor (20-30 Mw) SIRIUS 2 taking into account: - more stringent safety rules; - the lifetime; - the flexibility enabling a wide range of experiments and, - the future dismantling of the facility according to the ALARA criteria

Genomic diversity and versatility of Lactobacillus plantarum, a natural metabolic engineer

Science.gov (United States)

2011-01-01

In the past decade it has become clear that the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum occupies a diverse range of environmental niches and has an enormous diversity in phenotypic properties, metabolic capacity and industrial applications. In this review, we describe how genome sequencing, comparative genome hybridization and comparative genomics has provided insight into the underlying genomic diversity and versatility of L. plantarum. One of the main features appears to be genomic life-style islands consisting of numerous functional gene cassettes, in particular for carbohydrates utilization, which can be acquired, shuffled, substituted or deleted in response to niche requirements. In this sense, L. plantarum can be considered a “natural metabolic engineer”. PMID:21995294

A versatile cis-acting inverter module for synthetic translational switches.

Science.gov (United States)

Endo, Kei; Hayashi, Karin; Inoue, Tan; Saito, Hirohide

2013-01-01

Artificial genetic switches have been designed and tuned individually in living cells. A method to directly invert an existing OFF switch to an ON switch should be highly convenient to construct complex circuits from well-characterized modules, but developing such a technique has remained a challenge. Here we present a cis-acting RNA module to invert the function of a synthetic translational OFF switch to an ON switch in mammalian cells. This inversion maintains the property of the parental switch in response to a particular input signal. In addition, we demonstrate simultaneous and specific expression control of both the OFF and ON switches. The module fits the criteria of universality and expands the versatility of mRNA-based information processing systems developed for artificially controlling mammalian cellular behaviour.

Epidemiologia das encefalites por arbovírus na amazônia brasileira Epidemiology of encephalitis by arboviruses in the Amazon region of Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos

1991-12-01

Full Text Available Os autores revêem os aspectos ecoepidemiológicos apresentados pelos virus da encefalite de St. Louis (SLE, encefalites equinas Leste (EEE, Oeste (WEE e Venezuelana [subtipos III, Mucambo (MUC e IV, Pixuna (PIX], decorrentes dos estudos realizados em diversas áreas da Região Amazônica brasileira, especialmente ao longo das rodovias e projetos de desenvolvimento. Esses vírus são amplamente distribuídos na Amazônia e pelo menos quatro deles, EEE, WEE, MUC e SLE já demonstraram ser patógenos do homem. O diagnóstico da doença humana foi feito por sorologia, sendo que de MUC e SLE obteve-se também isolamento viral. O vírus PIX, parece ser o menos prevalente e foi isolado em poucas oportunidades. Virtualmente se desconhecem os vetores do PIX e WEE. As aves silvestres constituem os hospedeiros principais de todos esses vírus, exceto do MUC, para o qual constituem os roedores. O quadro clínico apresentado pelos pacientes infectados na Amazônia é discutido, comparando-o ao apresentado em outras áreas, especialmente nos EUA, onde periodicamente SLE, EEE e WEE causam surtos de doença humana. Nenhuma epidemia foi até o presente detectada, embora em 1960 uma epizootia em eqüinos causada pelo EEE tenha sido registrada em Bragança, Pará, onde em um rebanho de 500 animais ocorreu uma letalidade de 5%. Quatro outras pequenas epizootias determinadas pelo SLE ocorreram nas florestas adjacentes a Belém, envolvendo aves silvestres e animais sentinelas.An overview of ecological, epidemiological and clinical findings of potential arthropod-borne encephalitis viruses circulating in the Amazon Region of Brazil are discussed. These viruses are the Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE, Western Equine Encephalitis (WEE, St. Louis Encephalitis (SLE, Mucambo (MUC and Pixuna (PIX. These last two are subtypes (HI and IV of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus. The areas of study were the highways and projects of development, as well as places where

Using a blog as an integrated eLearning tool and platform.

Science.gov (United States)

Goh, Poh Sun

2016-06-01

Technology enhanced learning or eLearning allows educators to expand access to educational content, promotes engagement with students and makes it easier for students to access educational material at a time, place and pace which suits them. The challenge for educators beginning their eLearning journey is to decide where to start, which includes the choice of an eLearning tool and platform. This article will share one educator's decision making process, and experience using blogs as a flexible and versatile integrated eLearning tool and platform. Apart from being a cost effective/free tool and platform, blogs offer the possibility of creating a hyperlinked indexed content repository, for both created and curated educational material; as well as a distribution and engagement tool and platform. Incorporating pedagogically sound activities and educational practices into a blog promote a structured templated teaching process, which can be reproduced. Moving from undergraduate to postgraduate training, educational blogs supported by a comprehensive online case-based repository offer the possibility of training beyond competency towards proficiency and expert level performance through a process of deliberate practice. By documenting educational content and the student engagement and learning process, as well as feedback and personal reflection of educational sessions, blogs can also form the basis for a teaching portfolio, and provide evidence and data of scholarly teaching and educational scholarship. Looking into the future, having a collection of readily accessible indexed hyperlinked teaching material offers the potential to do on the spot teaching with illustrative material called up onto smart surfaces, and displayed on holographic interfaces.

Convenient synthesis and application of versatile nucleic acid lipid membrane anchors in the assembly and fusion of liposomes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ries, Oliver; Löffler, Philipp M. G.; Vogel, Stefan

2015-01-01

or the construction of DNA origami structures. We herein present the synthesis and applications of versatile lipid membrane anchor building blocks suitable for solid phase oligonucleotide synthesis. These are readily synthesized in bulk in five to seven steps from commercially available precursors and can...

Submicron particle mass concentrations and sources in the Amazonian wet season (AMAZE-08)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chen, Q.; Farmer, D. K.; Rizzo, L. V.; Pauliqueivis, T.; Kuwata, Mikinori; Karl, Thomas G.; Guenther, Alex B.; Allan, James D.; Coe, H.; Andreae, M. O.; Poeschl, U.; Jiminez, J. L.; Artaxo, Paulo; Martin, Scot T.

2015-01-01

Real-time mass spectra of non-refractory component of submicron aerosol particles were recorded in a tropical rainforest in the central Amazon basin during the wet season of 2008, as a part of the Amazonian Aerosol Characterization Experiment (AMAZE-08). Organic components accounted on average for more than 80% of the non-refractory submicron particle mass concentrations during the period of measurements. Ammonium was present in sufficient quantities to halfway neutralize sulfate. In this acidic, isoprene-dominated, low-NOx environment the high-resolution mass spectra as well as mass closures with ion chromatography measurements did not provide evidence for significant contributions of organosulfate species, at least at concentrations above uncertainty levels. Positive-matrix factorization of the time series of particle mass spectra identified four statistical factors to account for the variance of the signal intensities of the organic constituents: a factor HOA having a hydrocarbon-like signature and identified as regional emissions of primary organic material, a factor OOA-1 associated with fresh production of secondary organic material by a mechanism of BVOC oxidation followed by gas-to-particle conversion, a factor OOA-2 consistent with reactive uptake of isoprene oxidation products, especially epoxydiols by acidic particles, and a factor OOA-3 associated with long range transport and atmospheric aging. The OOA-1, -2, and -3 factors had progressively more oxidized signatures. Diameter-resolved mass spectral markers also suggested enhanced reactive uptake of isoprene oxidation products to the accumulation mode for the OOA-2 factor, and such size partitioning can be indicative of in-cloud process. The campaign-average factor loadings were in a ratio of 1.1:1.0 for the OOA-1 compared to the OOA-2 pathway, suggesting the comparable importance of gas-phase compared to particle-phase (including cloud waters) production pathways of secondary organic material during

Encantarias afroindígenas na Amazônia Marajoara: Narrativas, Praticas de Cura e (Intolerâncias Religiosas (Afroindigena Encantarias in the Marajoara Amazonia: Narratives, Cure Practices and Religious (intolerance - DOI:10.5752/P.2175-5841.2010v8n17p88

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Agenor Sarraf Pacheco

2011-02-01

Full Text Available A Amazônia Marajoara, no Pará, constituiu-se desde os tempos coloniais em importante zona de contatos sócio-culturais entre índios, colonizadores e africanos. Para além dos empréstimos, intercâmbios e sociabilidades ali estabelecidas, especialmente entre índios e negros, originando modos de vida afroindígenas, a região tornou-se palco de contínuos conflitos e (intolerâncias estabelecidos pelos poderes políticos e, especialmente, religiosos,  contra práticas, rituais, modos de acreditar e viver de grupos oriundos de matrizes orais. Sob a orientação teórica dos Estudos Culturais Britânicos, Latino-Americanos e do Pensamento Pós-Colonial, o artigo acompanha, por meio de narrativas históricas, movimentos de controle e transgressão, negação e (reafirmação constituídos entre índios, negros, afroindígenas, elites políticas e religiosas em torno das encantarias amazônicas, destacando especialmente percepções e posturas dos padres Agostinianos Recoletos a partir de 1928, quando fundaram e assumiram a direção do projeto de evangelização do grande arquipélago em tempos de expansão e disseminação de formas e modos de romanização.          Palavras-chave: Encantarias Afroindígenas; Práticas de Cura; (Intolerâncias Religiosas; Amazônia Marajoara.  Abstract The Marajoara Amazônia in Pará, consisted, since the colonial times, in contact zones of social-culture exchange between Indians, settlers and Africans. Way beyond the lends, interchanges and sociability there settled, specially between Indians and black people, giving birth to a way of living called afroindigenas, the region became a place of continuous conflicts and (intolerance established by the politic powers and, specially, religious, against  rituals, beliefs, and way of living of those groups which came from the oral heritage. Under the theoretical orientation of the British Cultural Studies, Latin Americans and the Pos-colonial though, this

A Versatile Integrated Ambient Ionization Source Platform

Science.gov (United States)

Ai, Wanpeng; Nie, Honggang; Song, Shiyao; Liu, Xiaoyun; Bai, Yu; Liu, Huwei

2018-04-01

The pursuit of high-throughput sample analysis from complex matrix demands development of multiple ionization techniques with complementary specialties. A versatile integrated ambient ionization source (iAmIS) platform is proposed in this work, based on the idea of integrating multiple functions, enhancing the efficiency of current ionization techniques, extending the applications, and decreasing the cost of the instrument. The design of the iAmIS platform combines flowing atmospheric pressure afterglow (FAPA) source/direct analysis in real time (DART), dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI)/low-temperature plasma (LTP), desorption electrospray ionization (DESI), and laser desorption (LD) technique. All individual and combined ionization modes can be easily attained by modulating parameters. In particular, the FAPA/DART&DESI mode can realize the detection of polar and nonpolar compounds at the same time with two different ionization mechanisms: proton transfer and charge transfer. The introduction of LD contributes to the mass spectrometry imaging and the surface-assisted laser desorption (SALDI) under ambient condition. Compared with other individual or multi-mode ion source, the iAmIS platform provides the flexibility of choosing different ionization modes, broadens the scope of the analyte detection, and facilitates the analysis of complex samples. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Environmental changes in the western Amazônia: morphological framework, geochemistry, palynology and radiocarbon dating data

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriana M.C. Horbe

2011-09-01

Full Text Available The sediments from the Coari lake, a “terra firme” lake sculpted into Plio-Pleistocene deposits, and the Acará lake, a flooding-type lake developed on Quaternary sediments in the floodplain of the mid-Solimões river, in the western Amazônia, Brazil, were studied to investigate the environmental condition of their developing. This study includes mineral composition, geochemistry, Pb isotope, palinology, radiocarbon-age and morphological framework of the lakes obtained from SRTM satellite images. The geological and the environmental conditions in the two lakes are highly variable and suggest that their evolution reflect autogenic processes under humid rainforest condition. Although kaolinite, quartz, muscovite, illite, and smectite are the main minerals in both lakes, the geochemistry indicates distinct source, the Acará lake sediments have higher concentrations of Al2O3, Fe2O3, FeO, CaO, K2O, MgO, Na2O, P2O5, Ba, V, Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, Sr, Li, Y and La and have more radiogenic Pb than the Coari lake sediments. The radiocarbon ages suggest that at 10160 yr BP the Coari lake started to be developed due to avulsion of the Solimões river, and the Acará lake was formed by the meander abandonment of Solimões river retaining its grass dominated shore at ca. 3710 yr BP.Os sedimentos do lago Coari, de ambiente de terra firme eesculpido nos depósitos do Plio-Pleistocenos, e o Acará, típico lago de várzea e ambos formados nos sedimentos quaternários da planície de inundação do médio Solimões, no oeste da Amazônia, Brasil, foram estudados para investigar as condições ambientais durante sua formação. Este estudo inclui dados da composição mineralógica, química, isótopos de Pb, palinologia, datações de radiocarbono e a configuração morfológica dos lagos obtida por imagens SRTM. As condições geológica e ambiental dos lagos variam e sugerem que suas evoluções refletem processos autogenéticos em condições de floresta úmida

Versatile data acquisition system and the ISOL facility TRISTAN

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gill, R.L.; Stelts, M.L.; Chrien, R.E.; Manzella, V.; Liou, H.I.; Shostak, S.

1980-01-01

The on-line mass separator, TRISTAN, is located at Brookhaven's High Flux Beam Reactor. A Nielsen-type ion source, which can contain up to 8g. of 235 U in an external beam with a flux of approx. 2 x 10 9 n/cm 2 /sec is used to generate short-lived fission products. A Users Group has been formed to coordinate research between University groups and BNL. Developments planned for TRISTAN include FEBIAD, surface ionization and negative-surface ionization-type ion sources, and a He-jet system as well as construction of new experimental facilities. An off-line separator, ISTU, is available for the development program. A versatile, modular data acquisition system to service experiments on TRISTAN and other nuclear research facilities at the HFBR using Camac interfacing is described. Standard, commercially-available electronic instruments and computer programs, such as FORTRAN and system routines, are used throughout. Simple interfaces have been built to adapt non-Camac equipment to Camac input registers

ggseqlogo: a versatile R package for drawing sequence logos.

Science.gov (United States)

Wagih, Omar

2017-11-15

Sequence logos have become a crucial visualization method for studying underlying sequence patterns in the genome. Despite this, there remains a scarcity of software packages that provide the versatility often required for such visualizations. ggseqlogo is an R package built on the ggplot2 package that aims to address this issue. ggseqlogo offers native illustration of publication-ready DNA, RNA and protein sequence logos in a highly customizable fashion with features including multi-logo plots, qualitative and quantitative colour schemes, annotation of logos and integration with other plots. The package is intuitive to use and seamlessly integrates into R analysis pipelines. ggseqlogo is released under the GNU licence and is freely available via CRAN-The Comprehensive R Archive Network https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ggseqlogo. A detailed tutorial can be found at https://omarwagih.github.io/ggseqlogo. wagih@ebi.ac.uk. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com

Astonishing advances in mouse genetic tools for biomedical research.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaczmarczyk, Lech; Jackson, Walker S

2015-01-01

The humble house mouse has long been a workhorse model system in biomedical research. The technology for introducing site-specific genome modifications led to Nobel Prizes for its pioneers and opened a new era of mouse genetics. However, this technology was very time-consuming and technically demanding. As a result, many investigators continued to employ easier genome manipulation methods, though resulting models can suffer from overlooked or underestimated consequences. Another breakthrough, invaluable for the molecular dissection of disease mechanisms, was the invention of high-throughput methods to measure the expression of a plethora of genes in parallel. However, the use of samples containing material from multiple cell types could obfuscate data, and thus interpretations. In this review we highlight some important issues in experimental approaches using mouse models for biomedical research. We then discuss recent technological advances in mouse genetics that are revolutionising human disease research. Mouse genomes are now easily manipulated at precise locations thanks to guided endonucleases, such as transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) or the CRISPR/Cas9 system, both also having the potential to turn the dream of human gene therapy into reality. Newly developed methods of cell type-specific isolation of transcriptomes from crude tissue homogenates, followed by detection with next generation sequencing (NGS), are vastly improving gene regulation studies. Taken together, these amazing tools simplify the creation of much more accurate mouse models of human disease, and enable the extraction of hitherto unobtainable data.

Development of a versatile enrichment analysis tool reveals associations between the maternal brain and mental health disorders, including autism

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-01

Background A recent study of lateral septum (LS) suggested a large number of autism-related genes with altered expression in the postpartum state. However, formally testing the findings for enrichment of autism-associated genes proved to be problematic with existing software. Many gene-disease association databases have been curated which are not currently incorporated in popular, full-featured enrichment tools, and the use of custom gene lists in these programs can be difficult to perform and interpret. As a simple alternative, we have developed the Modular Single-set Enrichment Test (MSET), a minimal tool that enables one to easily evaluate expression data for enrichment of any conceivable gene list of interest. Results The MSET approach was validated by testing several publicly available expression data sets for expected enrichment in areas of autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and arthritis. Using nine independent, unique autism gene lists extracted from association databases and two recent publications, a striking consensus of enrichment was detected within gene expression changes in LS of postpartum mice. A network of 160 autism-related genes was identified, representing developmental processes such as synaptic plasticity, neuronal morphogenesis, and differentiation. Additionally, maternal LS displayed enrichment for genes associated with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, ADHD, and depression. Conclusions The transition to motherhood includes the most fundamental social bonding event in mammals and features naturally occurring changes in sociability. Some individuals with autism, schizophrenia, or other mental health disorders exhibit impaired social traits. Genes involved in these deficits may also contribute to elevated sociability in the maternal brain. To date, this is the first study to show a significant, quantitative link between the maternal brain and mental health disorders using large scale gene expression data. Thus, the

Atividade física em idosos no contexto amazônico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabianne de Jesus Dias de Sousa

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Introdução: A longevidade é uma realidade tornando-se necessário a implementação e/ou implantação de ações efetivas baseadas em evidências para o controle de doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis e seus fatores de risco. Objetivou-se, relatar a experiência do grupo de hipertensos e diabéticos, desenvolvidos por enfermeiros da estratégia saúde da família, descrevendo a atividade física para a prevenção, promoção da saúde e melhoria da qualidade de vida dos idosos. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um relato de experiência de natureza descritiva, vivenciado pelas enfermeiras com um grupo de usuários idosos hipertensos e diabéticos. Foi realizado levantamento em prontuários (dados secundários de 2008 até 2012. Resultados: Encontrado 320 idosos, destes, sete (2,2% eram diabéticos, cinco (1,6% diabéticos e hipertensos e, cinquenta e dois (16,2% apenas hipertensos. Resultando em sessenta e quatro idosos (20,0% portadores de alguma doença crônica não-transmissível. Destes 320 idosos, 224 idosos (70,0% relataram que não participavam de atividades físicas por inúmeros motivos. Discussão e Conclusões: Pode-se concluir que com a inclusão das atividades físicas, como atividade complementar ao tratamento médico, percebeu-se que houve uma melhoria na qualidade de vida, saúde e integração social destes idosos, através de relatos dos idosos dentre eles: controle da pressão arterial, diminuição de dores musculares e realização de atividades da vida cotidiana.Palavras chave: Atividade Motora, Doença Crônica, Qualidade de Vida. (Fonte: DeCS BIREME.Cómo citar este artículo: Sousa F, Silva M, Andrade F. Atividade física em idosos no contexto amazônico. Rev Cuid. 2014; 5(2:792-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v5i2.119 

Polygamy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zeitzen, Miriam Koktvedgaard

Forms of plural marriage, or polygamy, are practiced within most of the world's cultures and religions. The amazing variation, versatility and adaptability of polygamy underscore that it is not just an exotic non-Western practice, but also exists in modern Western societies. Polygamy: A Cross-cultural...... difficult and controversial issues facing modern polygamists, such as prejudice, HIV/AIDS and women's emancipation. Polygamy: A Cross-cultural Analysis offers an anthropological overview of the fascinating yet often misunderstood institution of polygamy...... Analysis provides an examination and analysis of historical and contemporary polygamy. It outlines polygamy's place in anthropological theory and its rich sociocultural diversity in countries ranging from the USA and UK to Malaysia, India, regions of Africa and Tibet. Polygamy also addresses often...

Implicações biogeográficas de novos registros ornitológicos em um enclave de vegetação de campina no sudoeste da Amazônia brasileira Biogeographic implications of new avian records from a patch of white-sand forest in southwestern Brazilian Amazonia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabíola Poletto

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Campinas constituem um tipo florestal de porte arbóreo reduzido e aspecto geral aberto, que cresce em solos arenosos e lixiviados de toda a Amazônia; apesar de sua ampla distribuição, campinas ocorrem predominantemente nas regiões do alto e médio rio Negro, no noroeste do Amazonas e sul de Roraima, incluindo também o sul da Venezuela e o sudeste da Colômbia. Existem pequenas manchas isoladas de campinas no sudoeste da Amazônia brasileira que ainda não foram estudadas sistematicamente por ornitólogos; portanto, são reportados aqui alguns resultados importantes obtidos durante uma expedição ornitológica a uma mancha de campina no extremo sudoeste do estado do Amazonas (7º22'33,2"S e 73º00'42,5"W. Foram documentados para região os primeiros registros das seguintes espécies: Hemitriccus striaticollis (Lafresnaye, 1853 (Aves, Tyrannidae e Xenopipo atronitens Cabanis, 1847 (Aves, Pipridae; adicionalmente, foram obtidos registros com as seguintes espécies raras ou de distribuição pouco conhecida no sudoeste da Amazônia: Formicivora grisea (Boddaert, 1783 (Aves, Thamnophilidae, Conopias parvus (Pelzeln, 1868 (Aves, Tyrannidae e Heterocercus linteatus (Strickland, 1850 (Aves, Pipridae. Como verificado em manchas de campina distribuídas por todo o norte do Peru, a avifauna de campina que ocorre no sudoeste da Amazônia brasileira é também altamente influenciada por espécies associadas à região do alto rio Negro. Entretanto, uma segunda influência biogeográfica também pôde ser notada: aquela de espécies cujo centro de distribuição está localizado nas campinas do centro e leste da Amazônia, ao sul do rio Amazonas. A avifauna das campinas do sudoeste da Amazônia ainda é pouco conhecida; futuros levantamentos de enclaves de campina nesta região podem levar a novas extensões de distribuição e também à descoberta de novos táxons.White-sand forests (WSF hereafter include several types of stunted and open forest

Caracterización de aeites de frutos de palmeras de la región amazónica del Brasil

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Mambrin, M. C.

1997-06-01

Full Text Available The physicochemical characteristics, yield and fatty acid composition of pulp oils from bacaba (Oenocarpus distichus pataua (Jessenia batana and tucuma (Astrocaryum vulgare and kernel fats from tucuma and muru-muru (Astrocaryum murumuru, all obtained from palm tree fruits collected in the brazilian rain forest (Amazonia region, were determined. The pulp oils belong to the oleic group (> 57% oleic acid and the kernel fats to the lauric group (> 77% lauric acid.

Se determinaron las características de los aceites de la pulpa de Bacaba (Oenocarpus distichus, Pataua (Jessenia batana y Tucumã (Astrocaryum vulgare y grasas de las nueces (coquitos de Tucumã y Muru-Muru (Astrocaryum murumuru, frutos de palmeras originarias de la región amazónica del Brasil. Rendimiento de aceite, características de su calidad y de composición fueron determinadas. Las pulpas producen aceites del grupo Oleico (≤57% ac. oleico y las nueces grasas del grupo Láurico (≥27% ac. láurico.

Versatile Dual Photoresponsive System for Precise Control of Chemical Reactions.

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Can; Bing, Wei; Wang, Faming; Ren, Jinsong; Qu, Xiaogang

2017-08-22

A versatile method for photoregulation of chemical reactions was developed through a combination of near-infrared (NIR) and ultraviolet (UV) light sensitive materials. This regulatory effect was achieved through photoresponsive modulation of reaction temperature and pH values, two prominent factors influencing reaction kinetics. Photothermal nanomaterial graphene oxide (GO) and photobase reagent malachite green carbinol base (MGCB) were selected for temperature and pH regulation, respectively. Using nanocatalyst- and enzyme-mediated chemical reactions as model systems, we demonstrated the feasibility and high efficiency of this method. In addition, a photoresponsive, multifunctional "Band-aid"-like hydrogel platform was presented for programmable wound healing. Overall, this simple, efficient, and reversible system was found to be effective for controlling a wide variety of chemical reactions. Our work may provide a method for remote and sustainable control over chemical reactions for industrial and biomedical applications.

Versatile and simple approach to determine astrocyte territories in mouse neocortex and hippocampus.

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Antje Grosche

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Besides their neuronal support functions, astrocytes are active partners in neuronal information processing. The typical territorial structure of astrocytes (the volume of neuropil occupied by a single astrocyte is pivotal for many aspects of glia-neuron interactions. METHODS: Individual astrocyte territorial volumes are measured by Golgi impregnation, and astrocyte densities are determined by S100β immunolabeling. These data are compared with results from conventionally applied methods such as dye filling and determination of the density of astrocyte networks by biocytin loading. Finally, we implemented our new approach to investigate age-related changes in astrocyte territories in the cortex and hippocampus of 5- and 21-month-old mice. RESULTS: The data obtained by our simplified approach based on Golgi impregnation were compared to previously published dye filling experiments, and yielded remarkably comparable results regarding astrocyte territorial volumes. Moreover, we found that almost all coupled astrocytes (as indicated by biocytin loading were immunopositive for S100β. A first application of this new experimental approach gives insight in age-dependent changes in astrocyte territorial volumes. They increased with age, while cell densities remained stable. In 5-month-old mice, the overlap factor was close to 1, revealing little or no interdigitation of astrocyte territories. However, in 21-month-old mice, the overlap factor was more than 2, suggesting that processes of adjacent astrocytes interdigitate. CONCLUSION: Here we verified the usability of a simple, versatile method for assessing astrocyte territories and the overlap factor between adjacent territories. Second, we found that there is an age-related increase in territorial volumes of astrocytes that leads to loss of the strict organization in non-overlapping territories. Future studies should elucidate the physiological relevance of this adaptive reaction of

Catadoras de caranguejo e saberes tradicionais na conservação de manguezais da Amazônia brasileira Crab pickers and traditional knowledge in the conservation of brazilian Amazonian mangroves

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Denise Machado

2007-08-01

Full Text Available A catação de caranguejo (Ucides cordatus desenvolvida por mulheres caboclas em áreas do litoral norte da região amazônica, precisamente no nordeste paraense, possibilita a análise da problemática ambiental e relações de gênero a partir de uma abordagem antropológica sobre uma parcela da população tradicional amazônica. Quanto à questão ambiental, é tratada em termos de conservação, manejo e conhecimento de recursos ambientais. Evidenciou-se que a pesca desenvolvida nas áreas de manguezais na vila de Guarajubal é feita artesanalmente e direcionada à captura e beneficiamento do caranguejo, com o trabalho decisivo das mulheres a partir da maior demanda nos centros urbanos próximos. O trabalho das catadoras lhes possibilita manifestarem-se em relação aos problemas ambientais, ainda que no contexto local.The crab (Ucides cordatus picking, done by cabocla women in Northeast Pará of the North Coastal Amazon Region, permits the analysis of the environmental question and of gender relations from an anthropological approach on a specific Amazonian traditional population. The environmental question is dealt with in terms of conservation, handling and knowledge about environmental resources. Evidence shows that crab picking is an artisan activity developed in mangrove swamp areas near the town of Guarajubal in which catching and doing product betterment of the crab are women's work, stimulated by the growing demand from nearby urban centers. The work of the catadoras (pickers allows them to manifest their opinions in relation to the environmental problems, albeit in the local context.

Report of the 2. research co-ordination meeting of the co-ordinated research programme on the development of computer-based troubleshooting tools and instruments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1998-11-01

The Research coordination meeting reviewed current results on the Development of Computer-Based Troubleshooting Tools and Instruments. Presentations at the meeting were made by the participants, and the project summary reports include: PC based software for troubleshooting microprocessor-based instruments; technical data base software; design and construction of a random pulser for maintenance and quality control of a nuclear counting system; microprocessor-based power conditioner; in-circuit emulator for microprocessor-based nuclear instruments; PC-based analog signal generator for simulated detector signals and arbitrary test waveforms for testing of nuclear instruments; expert system for nuclear instrument troubleshooting; development and application of versatile computer-based measurement and diagnostic tools; and development of a programmable signal generator for troubleshooting of nuclear instrumentation

RNA versatility, flexibility, and thermostability for practice in RNA nanotechnology and biomedical applications.

Science.gov (United States)

Haque, Farzin; Pi, Fengmei; Zhao, Zhengyi; Gu, Shanqing; Hu, Haibo; Yu, Hang; Guo, Peixuan

2018-01-01

In recent years, RNA has attracted widespread attention as a unique biomaterial with distinct biophysical properties for designing sophisticated architectures in the nanometer scale. RNA is much more versatile in structure and function with higher thermodynamic stability compared to its nucleic acid counterpart DNA. Larger RNA molecules can be viewed as a modular structure built from a combination of many 'Lego' building blocks connected via different linker sequences. By exploiting the diversity of RNA motifs and flexibility of structure, varieties of RNA architectures can be fabricated with precise control of shape, size, and stoichiometry. Many structural motifs have been discovered and characterized over the years and the crystal structures of many of these motifs are available for nanoparticle construction. For example, using the flexibility and versatility of RNA structure, RNA triangles, squares, pentagons, and hexagons can be constructed from phi29 pRNA three-way-junction (3WJ) building block. This review will focus on 2D RNA triangles, squares, and hexamers; 3D and 4D structures built from basic RNA building blocks; and their prospective applications in vivo as imaging or therapeutic agents via specific delivery and targeting. Methods for intracellular cloning and expression of RNA molecules and the in vivo assembly of RNA nanoparticles will also be reviewed. WIREs RNA 2018, 9:e1452. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1452 This article is categorized under: RNA Methods > RNA Nanotechnology RNA Structure and Dynamics > RNA Structure, Dynamics and Chemistry RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Long Non-Coding RNAs: Emerging and Versatile Regulators in Host–Virus Interactions

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Xing-Yu Meng

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs are a class of non-protein-coding RNA molecules, which are involved in various biological processes, including chromatin modification, cell differentiation, pre-mRNA transcription and splicing, protein translation, etc. During the last decade, increasing evidence has suggested the involvement of lncRNAs in both immune and antiviral responses as positive or negative regulators. The immunity-associated lncRNAs modulate diverse and multilayered immune checkpoints, including activation or repression of innate immune signaling components, such as interleukin (IL-8, IL-10, retinoic acid inducible gene I, toll-like receptors 1, 3, and 8, and interferon (IFN regulatory factor 7, transcriptional regulation of various IFN-stimulated genes, and initiation of the cell apoptosis pathways. Additionally, some virus-encoded lncRNAs facilitate viral replication through individually or synergistically inhibiting the host antiviral responses or regulating multiple steps of the virus life cycle. Moreover, some viruses are reported to hijack host-encoded lncRNAs to establish persistent infections. Based on these amazing discoveries, lncRNAs are an emerging hotspot in host–virus interactions. In this review, we summarized the current findings of the host- or virus-encoded lncRNAs and the underlying mechanisms, discussed their impacts on immune responses and viral replication, and highlighted their critical roles in host–virus interactions.

Alimenta??o e rede urbana na Amaz?nia brasileira: um estudo das transforma??es e perman?ncias nos h?bitos alimentares de idosas nas cidades de Tef?, Alvar?es e Uarini, Amazonas.

OpenAIRE

Costa, Ellen Anjos Camilo da

2014-01-01

A Amaz?nia ?, sem d?vida, uma ?rea de interesse para o estudo das diferen?as no acesso aos alimentos e, com o r?pido processo de moderniza??o via redes de comunica??o e com?rcio, impacta nos h?bitos alimentares, em especial nas pequenas e m?dias cidades. O principal objetivo desta disserta??o foi analisar na popula??o idosa (feminina) de tr?s cidades do Amazonas, Tef?, Alvar?es e Uarini, as transforma??es e perman?ncias dos h?bitos alimentares. Tem-se como hip?tese de an?lise que o formato da...

Carboxylated SiO2-coated α-Fe nanoparticles: towards a versatile platform for biomedical applications.

Science.gov (United States)

Kohara, Kaori; Yamamoto, Shinpei; Seinberg, Liis; Murakami, Tatsuya; Tsujimoto, Masahiko; Ogawa, Tetsuya; Kurata, Hiroki; Kageyama, Hiroshi; Takano, Mikio

2013-03-28

Carboxylated SiO2-coated α-Fe nanoparticles have been successfully prepared via CaH2-mediated reduction of SiO2-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles followed by surface carboxylation. These α-Fe-based nanoparticles, which are characterized by ease of coating with additional functional groups, a large magnetization of 154 emu per g-Fe, enhanced corrosion resistivity, excellent aqueous dispersibility, and low cytotoxicity, have potential to be a versatile platform in biomedical applications.

Versatile technique for assessing thickness of 2D layered materials by XPS

Science.gov (United States)

Zemlyanov, Dmitry Y.; Jespersen, Michael; Zakharov, Dmitry N.; Hu, Jianjun; Paul, Rajib; Kumar, Anurag; Pacley, Shanee; Glavin, Nicholas; Saenz, David; Smith, Kyle C.; Fisher, Timothy S.; Voevodin, Andrey A.

2018-03-01

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been utilized as a versatile method for thickness characterization of various two-dimensional (2D) films. Accurate thickness can be measured simultaneously while acquiring XPS data for chemical characterization of 2D films having thickness up to approximately 10 nm. For validating the developed technique, thicknesses of few-layer graphene (FLG), MoS2 and amorphous boron nitride (a-BN) layer, produced by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD), plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) respectively, were accurately measured. The intensity ratio between photoemission peaks recorded for the films (C 1s, Mo 3d, B 1s) and the substrates (Cu 2p, Al 2p, Si 2p) is the primary input parameter for thickness calculation, in addition to the atomic densities of the substrate and the film, and the corresponding electron attenuation length (EAL). The XPS data was used with a proposed model for thickness calculations, which was verified by cross-sectional transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurement of thickness for all the films. The XPS method determines thickness values averaged over an analysis area which is orders of magnitude larger than the typical area in cross-sectional TEM imaging, hence provides an advanced approach for thickness measurement over large areas of 2D materials. The study confirms that the versatile XPS method allows rapid and reliable assessment of the 2D material thickness and this method can facilitate in tailoring growth conditions for producing very thin 2D materials effectively over a large area. Furthermore, the XPS measurement for a typical 2D material is non-destructive and does not require special sample preparation. Therefore, after XPS analysis, exactly the same sample can undergo further processing or utilization.

Redes sociais, capital social e governança ambiental no Território Portal da Amazônia Social networks, social capital and environmental governance in the Amazonian Gateway Territory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Frédéric Mertens

2011-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo trata de um estudo empírico em que a análise de redes sociais é utilizada para mapear o capital social de atores envolvidos em processos de governança ambiental na Amazônia brasileira. Por meio de entrevistas, foi mapeada a rede de relações de diálogo sobre questões socioambientais de um conjunto de 505 atores no Território Portal da Amazônia. Foram identificadas 3384 relações de diálogo, com uma média de 6,7 parceiros de diálogo por ator. A análise dos aspectos estruturais da rede de diálogo foi utilizada para construir indicadores de capital social de ligação, com mapeamento da organização interna dos atores de um mesmo município, e de conexão, com a caracterização das relações entre atores de municípios diferentes. Em nível municipal, a distribuição das duas formas de capital social permitiu caracterizar os grupos de atores de acordo com as suas atuações diferenciadas na governança ambiental do Território. Em nível territorial, o padrão de conectividade entre os 16 municípios mostra um equilíbrio entre as duas formas de capital social e revela o potencial de comunicação e organização dos atores, como demonstrado no exemplo dos projetos de Agendas 21 locais. Estes resultados demonstram como a análise de redes sociais pode contribuir na definição (ou redefinição das fronteiras dos territórios de modo a incluir um conjunto de municípios cujos atores mantêm relações sociais efetivas. Ações de governança no Portal da Amazônia são propostas com potencial para fortalecer os processos de diálogo, diminuir os conflitos e promover o uso sustentável dos recursos naturais na Amazônia.The article presents an empirical study where social network analysis is used to map social capital among actors involved in environmental governance processes in the Brazilian Amazon. Using interviews, we carried out the mapping of the dialogue network regarding socio-environmental issues among 505

Abelhas africanizadas Apis mellifera scutellata Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apinae exploram recursos na floresta amazônica? Do Africanized honeybees explore resources in the amazonian forest?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcio Luiz de Oliveira

2005-09-01

Full Text Available As abelhas africanas (Apis mellifera scutellata foram trazidas para o Brasil na década de 1950 e, por acidente, cruzaram-se com outras subespécies de abelhas melíferas européias introduzidas no século XIX. Isso proporcionou o surgimento de híbridos com características predominantes das abelhas africanas, tais como rusticidade e maior capacidade de enxamear, o que lhes permitiu uma rápida adaptação e expansão por quase todo continente americano. Até hoje existem controvérsias se essas abelhas, denominadas africanizadas, causam algum impacto sobre a fauna de abelhas nativas. Nas Américas, as africanizadas estão restritas a regiões de baixas altitudes e de invernos amenos; no Brasil, ocorrem principalmente em áreas urbanas e formações vegetacionais abertas ou adulteradas, sendo dificilmente vistas ou coletadas no interior de florestas densas como a amazônica. Diante dessa observação, diversas iscas foram disponibilizadas no interior de fragmentos de florestas e de florestas contínuas na Amazônia central, para testar se operárias de abelhas africanizadas seriam capazes de penetrar nos mesmos. Nenhuma operária foi vista visitando as iscas na floresta contínua ou mesmo nos fragmentos de floresta, ocorrendo visitas somente nas áreas desmatadas e capoeiras próximas. Esse resultado, além de indicar a inexistência de competição por recursos com as abelhas nativas no interior da floresta amazônica, também indica que uma apicultura em grande escala na região seria inviável, uma vez que a floresta não é sequer visitada por essas abelhas.The African honeybees (Apis mellifera scutellata were introduced accidentally to Brazil in 1956 where it subsequently interbred with other subspecies of European honeybee here introduced in the 19th century. This resulted in hybrids with predominantly African honeybee characteristics, such as higher capacity of swarming and survival in inhospitable conditions, allowing them to adapt

Collagen-Gold Nanoparticle Conjugates for Versatile Biosensing

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sarah Unser

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Integration of noble metal nanoparticles with proteins offers promising potential to create a wide variety of biosensors that possess both improved selectivity and versatility. The multitude of functionalities that proteins offer coupled with the unique optical properties of noble metal nanoparticles can allow for the realization of simple, colorimetric sensors for a significantly larger range of targets. Herein, we integrate the structural protein collagen with 10 nm gold nanoparticles to develop a protein-nanoparticle conjugate which possess the functionality of the protein with the desired colorimetric properties of the nanoparticles. Applying the many interactions that collagen undergoes in the extracellular matrix, we are able to selectively detect both glucose and heparin with the same collagen-nanoparticle conjugate. Glucose is directly detected through the cross-linking of the collagen fibrils, which brings the attached nanoparticles into closer proximity, leading to a red-shift in the LSPR frequency. Conversely, heparin is detected through a competition assay in which heparin-gold nanoparticles are added to solution and compete with heparin in the solution for the binding sites on the collagen fibrils. The collagen-nanoparticle conjugates are shown to detect both glucose and heparin in the physiological range. Lastly, glucose is selectively detected in 50% mouse serum with the collagen-nanoparticle devices possessing a linear range of 3–25 mM, which is also within the physiologically relevant range.

Metagenome of a Versatile Chemolithoautotroph from Expanding Oceanic Dead Zones

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Walsh, David A.; Zaikova, Elena; Howes, Charles L.; Song, Young; Wright, Jody; Tringe, Susannah G.; Tortell, Philippe D.; Hallam, Steven J.

2009-07-15

Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), also known as oceanic"dead zones", are widespread oceanographic features currently expanding due to global warming and coastal eutrophication. Although inhospitable to metazoan life, OMZs support a thriving but cryptic microbiota whose combined metabolic activity is intimately connected to nutrient and trace gas cycling within the global ocean. Here we report time-resolved metagenomic analyses of a ubiquitous and abundant but uncultivated OMZ microbe (SUP05) closely related to chemoautotrophic gill symbionts of deep-sea clams and mussels. The SUP05 metagenome harbors a versatile repertoire of genes mediating autotrophic carbon assimilation, sulfur-oxidation and nitrate respiration responsive to a wide range of water column redox states. Thus, SUP05 plays integral roles in shaping nutrient and energy flow within oxygen-deficient oceanic waters via carbon sequestration, sulfide detoxification and biological nitrogen loss with important implications for marine productivity and atmospheric greenhouse control.

Versatile robotic probe calibration for position tracking in ultrasound imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bø, Lars Eirik; Hofstad, Erlend Fagertun; Lindseth, Frank; Hernes, Toril A N

2015-01-01

Within the field of ultrasound-guided procedures, there are a number of methods for ultrasound probe calibration. While these methods are usually developed for a specific probe, they are in principle easily adapted to other probes. In practice, however, the adaptation often proves tedious and this is impractical in a research setting, where new probes are tested regularly. Therefore, we developed a method which can be applied to a large variety of probes without adaptation. The method used a robot arm to move a plastic sphere submerged in water through the ultrasound image plane, providing a slow and precise movement. The sphere was then segmented from the recorded ultrasound images using a MATLAB programme and the calibration matrix was computed based on this segmentation in combination with tracking information. The method was tested on three very different probes demonstrating both great versatility and high accuracy. (paper)

Versatile robotic probe calibration for position tracking in ultrasound imaging

Science.gov (United States)

Eirik Bø, Lars; Fagertun Hofstad, Erlend; Lindseth, Frank; Hernes, Toril A. N.

2015-05-01

Within the field of ultrasound-guided procedures, there are a number of methods for ultrasound probe calibration. While these methods are usually developed for a specific probe, they are in principle easily adapted to other probes. In practice, however, the adaptation often proves tedious and this is impractical in a research setting, where new probes are tested regularly. Therefore, we developed a method which can be applied to a large variety of probes without adaptation. The method used a robot arm to move a plastic sphere submerged in water through the ultrasound image plane, providing a slow and precise movement. The sphere was then segmented from the recorded ultrasound images using a MATLAB programme and the calibration matrix was computed based on this segmentation in combination with tracking information. The method was tested on three very different probes demonstrating both great versatility and high accuracy.

(1-Adamantyl)methyl glycidyl ether: a versatile building block for living polymerization.

Science.gov (United States)

Moers, Christian; Wrazidlo, Robert; Natalello, Adrian; Netz, Isabelle; Mondeshki, Mihail; Frey, Holger

2014-06-01

(1-Adamantyl)methyl glycidyl ether (AdaGE) is introduced as a versatile monomer for oxyanionic polymerization, enabling controlled incorporation of adamantyl moieties in aliphatic polyethers. Via copolymerization with ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether (EEGE) and subsequent cleavage of the acetal protection groups of EEGE, hydrophilic linear polyglycerols with an adjustable amount of pendant adamantyl moieties are obtained. The adamantyl unit permits control over thermal properties and solubility profile of these polymers (LCST). Additionally, AdaGE is utilized as a termination agent in carbanionic polymerization, affording adamantyl-terminated polymers. Using these structures as macroinitiators for the polymerization of ethylene oxide affords amphiphilic, in-chain adamantyl-functionalized block copolymers. © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

A versatile ultra high vacuum sample stage with six degrees of freedom

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ellis, A. W.; Tromp, R. M. [IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 1101 Kitchawan Road, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598 (United States)

2013-07-15

We describe the design and practical realization of a versatile sample stage with six degrees of freedom. The stage was designed for use in a Low Energy Electron Microscope, but its basic design features will be useful for numerous other applications. The degrees of freedom are X, Y, and Z, two tilts, and azimuth. All motions are actuated in an ultrahigh vacuum base pressure environment by piezoelectric transducers with integrated position sensors. The sample can be load-locked. During observation, the sample is held at a potential of −15 kV, at temperatures between room temperature and 1500 °C, and in background gas pressures up to 1 × 10{sup −4} Torr.

Synthesis of Versatile Chemicals through Oxidative Dehydrogenation on Solid Catalysts of Non-Petroleum Resource

OpenAIRE

Sugiyama, Shigeru; Nagai, Yuya; Sakamoto, Naotaka; Ohtake, Naotaka; Katoh, Masahiro

2016-01-01

To prepare 1,3-butadiene, one of versatile chemicals, from 1-butene, one of the main components in liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), the oxidative dehydrogenation of 1-butene on α-Bi2Mo3O12 doped with cerium was examined. Regardless to the doped amount of cerium, the conversion of 1-butene was constant while the selectivity to 1,3-butadiene decreased with the doped amount of cerium, while the selectivities to 2-butenes, CO and CO2 increased. It is concluded that the introduction of cerium into α...

Versatile Friction Stir Welding/Friction Plug Welding System

Science.gov (United States)

Carter, Robert

2006-01-01

A proposed system of tooling, machinery, and control equipment would be capable of performing any of several friction stir welding (FSW) and friction plug welding (FPW) operations. These operations would include the following: Basic FSW; FSW with automated manipulation of the length of the pin tool in real time [the so-called auto-adjustable pin-tool (APT) capability]; Self-reacting FSW (SRFSW); SR-FSW with APT capability and/or real-time adjustment of the distance between the front and back shoulders; and Friction plug welding (FPW) [more specifically, friction push plug welding] or friction pull plug welding (FPPW) to close out the keyhole of, or to repair, an FSW or SR-FSW weld. Prior FSW and FPW systems have been capable of performing one or two of these operations, but none has thus far been capable of performing all of them. The proposed system would include a common tool that would have APT capability for both basic FSW and SR-FSW. Such a tool was described in Tool for Two Types of Friction Stir Welding (MFS- 31647-1), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 30, No. 10 (October 2006), page 70. Going beyond what was reported in the cited previous article, the common tool could be used in conjunction with a plug welding head to perform FPW or FPPW. Alternatively, the plug welding head could be integrated, along with the common tool, into a FSW head that would be capable of all of the aforementioned FSW and FPW operations. Any FSW or FPW operation could be performed under any combination of position and/or force control.

N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of silver and gold as novel tools against breast cancer progression.

Science.gov (United States)

Saturnino, Carmela; Barone, Ines; Iacopetta, Domenico; Mariconda, Annaluisa; Sinicropi, Maria Stefania; Rosano, Camillo; Campana, Antonella; Catalano, Stefania; Longo, Pasquale; Andò, Sebastiano

2016-12-01

Metal carbenic complexes have received considerable attention in both the catalysis and biological fields for their potential applications in cancer and antimicrobial therapies. A small series of new silver and gold N-heterocyclic carbene complexes has been designed and synthesized. Among the tested complexes, one compound was particularly active in inhibiting anchorage-dependent and -independent breast cancer proliferation, and inducing cell apoptosis via a mitochondria-related process. The antitumor activity was associated to the transcriptional activation of the tumor suppressor gene p53 in an Sp1-dependent manner, as evidenced by biological and docking studies. Our results highlight the importance and the versatility of N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of gold and silver as useful tools against breast cancer progression.

Organotypic hippocampal slice culture from the adult mouse brain: a versatile tool for translational neuropsychopharmacology.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Hyunjeong; Kim, Eosu; Park, Minsun; Lee, Eun; Namkoong, Kee

2013-03-05

One of the most significant barriers towards translational neuropsychiatry would be an unavailability of living brain tissues. Although organotypic brain tissue culture could be a useful alternative enabling observation of temporal changes induced by various drugs in living brain tissues, a proper method to establish a stable organotypic brain slice culture system using adult (rather than neonatal) hippocampus has been still elusive. In this study, we evaluated our simple method using the serum-free culture medium for successful adult organotypic hippocampal slice culture. Several tens of hippocampal slices from a single adult mouse (3-5 months old) were cultured in serum-free versus serum-containing conventional culture medium for 30 days and underwent various experiments to validate the effects of the existence of serum in the culture medium. Neither the excessive regression of neuronal viability nor metabolic deficiency was observed in the serum-free medium culture in contrast to the serum-containing medium culture. Despite such viability, newly generated immature neurons were scarcely detected in the serum-free culture, suggesting that the original neurons in the brain slice persist rather than being replaced by neurogenesis. Key structural features of in vivo neural tissue constituting astrocytes, neural processes, and pre- and post-synapses were also well preserved in the serum-free culture. In conclusion, using the serum-free culture medium, the adult hippocampal slice culture system will serve as a promising ex vivo tool for various fields of neuroscience, especially for studies on aging-related neuropsychiatric disorders or for high throughput screening of potential agents working against such disorders. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Genomic analysis reveals versatile heterotrophic capacity of a potentially symbiotic sulfur-oxidizing bacterium in sponge

KAUST Repository

Tian, Renmao

2014-08-29

Sulfur-reducing bacteria (SRB) and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) play essential roles in marine sponges. However, the detailed characteristics and physiology of the bacteria are largely unknown. Here, we present and analyse the first genome of sponge-associated SOB using a recently developed metagenomic binning strategy. The loss of transposase and virulence-associated genes and the maintenance of the ancient polyphosphate glucokinase gene suggested a stabilized SOB genome that might have coevolved with the ancient host during establishment of their association. Exclusive distribution in sponge, bacterial detoxification for the host (sulfide oxidation) and the enrichment for symbiotic characteristics (genes-encoding ankyrin) in the SOB genome supported the bacterial role as an intercellular symbiont. Despite possessing complete autotrophic sulfur oxidation pathways, the bacterium developed a much more versatile capacity for carbohydrate uptake and metabolism, in comparison with its closest relatives (Thioalkalivibrio) and to other representative autotrophs from the same order (Chromatiales). The ability to perform both autotrophic and heterotrophic metabolism likely results from the unstable supply of reduced sulfur in the sponge and is considered critical for the sponge-SOB consortium. Our study provides insights into SOB of sponge-specific clade with thioautotrophic and versatile heterotrophic metabolism relevant to its roles in the micro-environment of the sponge body. © 2014 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

The Versatile Naso-Labial Flaps in Facial Reconstruction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Marakby, H.H.

2005-01-01

Surgical excision of tumors from the face may create a defect that is difficult to restore. Skin grafts can only cover superficial defects and has a natural tendency to contract and may not take properly. Also, because of the colour mismatch, it is not cosmetically identical to the face. The use of regional flaps such as the median forehead flaps are usually bulky, can not cover a wide range of facial reconstruction and usually require the donor area to be grafted. The naso-labial flaps are very useful and versatile local flaps, with robust vascularity that can be readily elevated without a delay. The flap can be superiorly based to reconstruct defects on the cheek, side wall or the dorsum of the nose, alae, collumula and the lower eye lid. Inferiorly based flaps can be used to reconstruct defects in the upper lip, anterior floor of the mouth and the lower lip. The flap can be turned over and used as a lining of the nose and the lip. Aim of the Study: In the current study we present our experience with utilization of the nasolabial flaps in facial reconstruction. We evaluated the indications, flap designs, technique, and complications. We will also assess the final functional and aesthetic results. Material and Methods: The study included 20 patients (12 males and 8 females) presented at the surgical department, National Cancer Institute (NCl) Cairo University with skin cancer at different areas of the face. Preoperative assessment includes. Assessment of the stage of the disease, the flap design and patient general condition. The mean age of the patients was 56.3±6 years (range ]6-62 years). Fifteen patients presented with basal cell carcinoma, 2 squamous cell carcinoma, one malignant melanoma, one keratoacanthoma, and one xeroderma pigmentosa. Nasal defects constituted 75% of cases, the rest were lower eye lid (2), one upper lip and one oral commisure beside a case of cheek reconstruction. There was no major complication; only one patient suffered a reactionary

Seven new species of Lachesilla (Psocodea: 'Psocoptera': Lachesillidae, in the group forcepeta from the Amazon Basin Sete espécies novas de Lachesilla Westwood (Psocodea:'Psocoptera': Lachesillidae do grupo forcepeta da Bacia Amazônica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alfonso N. García Aldrete

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Seven new species of Lachesilla in the group forcepeta, from the Amazon Basin in Brazil, Colombia and Peru, are here described and illustrated: L. amacayacuensis sp. n. (type locality: Colombia, Amazonas, Leticia, Amacayacú; L.bulbosiforceps sp. n. (type locality: Peru, Cuzco; L. cuzcoensis sp. n. (type locality: Peru, Cuzco; L. marabaensis sp. n. (type locality: Brasil, Pará, Marabá, Serra Norte; L. pilosiforceps sp. n. (type locality: Brasil, Pará, Oriximiná, Rio Trombetas; L. pilosipenna sp. n. (type locality: Peru, Cuzco; L. squamiforceps sp. n. (type locality: Colombia, Amazonas, Leticia. The Amazon Basin is the second most rich world area for species of Lachesilla.São descritas e ilustradas sete espécies de Lachesilla do grupo forcepeta, provenientes da bacia amazônica do Brasil, Colômbia e Peru: L. amacayacuensis sp. n. (localidade-tipo: Colômbia, Amazonas, Leticia, Amacayacú; L. bulbosiforceps sp. n. (localidade-tipo: Peru, Cuzco; L. cuzcoensis sp. n. (localidade-tipo: Peru, Cuzco; L. marabaensis sp. n. (localidade-tipo: Brasil, Pará, Marabá, Serra Norte; L. pilosiforceps sp. n. (localidade-tipo: Brasil, Pará, Oriximiná, Rio Trombetas; L. pilosipenna sp. n. (localidade-tipo: Peru, Cuzco; L. squamiforceps sp. n. (localidade-tipo: Colômbia, Amazonas, Letícia. A região amazônica é a segunda mais rica em número de espécies de Lachesilla.

A Clinical Reasoning Tool for Virtual Patients: Design-Based Research Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Hege, Inga; Kononowicz, Andrzej A; Adler, Martin

2017-11-02

Clinical reasoning is a fundamental process medical students have to learn during and after medical school. Virtual patients (VP) are a technology-enhanced learning method to teach clinical reasoning. However, VP systems do not exploit their full potential concerning the clinical reasoning process; for example, most systems focus on the outcome and less on the process of clinical reasoning. Keeping our concept grounded in a former qualitative study, we aimed to design and implement a tool to enhance VPs with activities and feedback, which specifically foster the acquisition of clinical reasoning skills. We designed the tool by translating elements of a conceptual clinical reasoning learning framework into software requirements. The resulting clinical reasoning tool enables learners to build their patient's illness script as a concept map when they are working on a VP scenario. The student's map is compared with the experts' reasoning at each stage of the VP, which is technically enabled by using Medical Subject Headings, which is a comprehensive controlled vocabulary published by the US National Library of Medicine. The tool is implemented using Web technologies, has an open architecture that enables its integration into various systems through an open application program interface, and is available under a Massachusetts Institute of Technology license. We conducted usability tests following a think-aloud protocol and a pilot field study with maps created by 64 medical students. The results show that learners interact with the tool but create less nodes and connections in the concept map than an expert. Further research and usability tests are required to analyze the reasons. The presented tool is a versatile, systematically developed software component that specifically supports the clinical reasoning skills acquisition. It can be plugged into VP systems or used as stand-alone software in other teaching scenarios. The modular design allows an extension with new

A versatile optical profilometer based on conoscopic holography sensors for acquisition of specular and diffusive surfaces in artworks

Science.gov (United States)

Gaburro, Nicola; Marchioro, Giacomo; Daffara, Claudia

2017-07-01

Surface metrology of artworks requires the design of suitable devices for in-situ non-destructive measurement together with reliable procedures for an effective analysis of such non-engineered variegate objects. To advance the state-of-the-art it has been implemented a versatile optical micro-profilometry taking advantage of the adapt- ability of conoscopic holography sensors, able to operate with irregular shapes and composite materials (diffusive, specular, and polychrome) of artworks. The scanning technique is used to obtain wide field and high spatially resolved areal profilometry. The prototype has a modular scheme based on a set of conoscopic sensors, extending the typical design based on a scanning stage and a single probe with a limited bandwidth, thus allowing the collection of heights data from surface with different scales and materials with variegate optical response. The system was optimized by characterizing the quality of the measurement with the probes triggered in continuous scanning modality. The results obtained on examples of cultural heritage objects (2D paintings, 3D height-relief) and materials (pictorial, metallic) demonstrate the versatility of the implemented device.

Highly efficient, versatile, self-Q-switched, high-repetition-rate microchip laser generating Ince–Gaussian modes for optical trapping

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jun Dong; Yu He; Xiao Zhou; Shengchuang Bai [Department of Electronics Engineering, School of Information Science and Engineering, Xiamen, 361005 (China)

2016-03-31

Lasers operating in the Ince-Gaussian (IG) mode have potential applications for optical manipulation of microparticles and formation of optical vortices, as well as for optical trapping and optical tweezers. Versatile, self-Q-switched, high-peak-power, high-repetition-rate Cr, Nd:YAG microchip lasers operating in the IG mode are implemented under tilted, tightly focused laser-diode pumping. An average output power of over 2 W is obtained at an absorbed pump power of 6.4 W. The highest optical-to-optical efficiency of 33.2% is achieved at an absorbed pump power of 3.9 W. Laser pulses with a pulse energy of 7.5 μJ, pulse width of 3.5 ns and peak power of over 2 kW are obtained. A repetition rate up to 335 kHz is reached at an absorbed pump power of 5.8 W. Highly efficient, versatile, IG-mode lasers with a high repetition rate and a high peak power ensure a better flexibility in particle manipulation and optical trapping. (control of laser radiation parameters)

Composite Resin – A Versatile Restorative Tool | Koleoso | Nigerian ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... the use of composite resin restorations as a treatment option in several situations where conventional aesthetic restorations such as porcelain veneers, crowns and cream-metal crown could otherwise be placed. Methods and Materials: Patients who presented with restoration aesthetic challenges over a six months period ...

Quantum Dot Systems: a versatile platform for quantum simulations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barthelemy, Pierre; Vandersypen, Lieven M.K.

2013-01-01

Quantum mechanics often results in extremely complex phenomena, especially when the quantum system under consideration is composed of many interacting particles. The states of these many-body systems live in a space so large that classical numerical calculations cannot compute them. Quantum simulations can be used to overcome this problem: complex quantum problems can be solved by studying experimentally an artificial quantum system operated to simulate the desired hamiltonian. Quantum dot systems have shown to be widely tunable quantum systems, that can be efficiently controlled electrically. This tunability and the versatility of their design makes them very promising quantum simulators. This paper reviews the progress towards digital quantum simulations with individually controlled quantum dots, as well as the analog quantum simulations that have been performed with these systems. The possibility to use large arrays of quantum dots to simulate the low-temperature Hubbard model is also discussed. The main issues along that path are presented and new ideas to overcome them are proposed. (copyright 2013 by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Interações entre nuvens, chuvas e a biosfera na Amazônia Clouds, rain and biosphere interactions in Amazon

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Assunção Faus da Silva Dias

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Apresenta-se uma revisão dos resultados já obtidos no Projeto LBA, na componente de Física do Clima, referente ao efeito da interação entre a biosfera e a formação de nuvens e de chuva em diferentes estações do ano e regiões da Bacia Amazônica. O efeito do desmatamento e das queimadas na atmosfera é abordado assim como mecanismos atmosféricos que foram caracterizados a partir das diversas campanhas do projeto LBA. Uma visão da complexidade das interações e do progresso que tem sido feito com base nos dados colhidos é apresentada.A review of results obtained within the Physical Climate component of LBA with respect to the interaction between the biosphere and cloud and rain formation in the Amazon Basin, in different seasons and different regions within the Basin is presented. The deforestation effect and the effect of biomass burning are discussed and the physical processes highlighted based on the data collected in several LBA intensive field campaigns. The complex interactions and the progress in the understanding their evolution based on the new datasets is presented.

Versatility and addiction in gaming: the number of video-game genres played is associated with pathological gaming in male adolescents.

Science.gov (United States)

Donati, Maria Anna; Chiesi, Francesca; Ammannato, Giulio; Primi, Caterina

2015-02-01

This study tested the predictive power of gaming versatility (i.e., the number of video game genres engaged in) on game addiction in male adolescents, controlling for time spent on gaming. Participants were 701 male adolescents attending high school (Mage=15.6 years). Analyses showed that pathological gaming was predicted not only by higher time spent on gaming, but also by participation in a greater number of video game genres. Specifically, the wider the array of video game genres played, the higher were the negative consequences caused by gaming. Findings show that versatility can be considered as one of the behavioral risk factors related to gaming addiction, which may be characterized by a composite and diversified experience with video games. This study suggests that educational efforts designed to prevent gaming addiction among youth may also be focused on adolescents' engagement in different video games.

Does the Future Engineer Force Transition Engineer Units between Offensive and Stability Operations in Ways That Achieve Responsiveness, Versatility, Agility, Effectiveness, and Efficiency?

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

London, David T

2005-01-01

.... The main question is as follows: Does the FEF transition engineer units between offensive and stability operations in ways that achieve responsiveness, versatility, agility, effectiveness, and efficiency...

Geoquímica e Geocronologia do Plutonismo Granítico Mesoproterozóico do SW do Estado de Mato Grosso (SW do Cráton Amazônico)

OpenAIRE

Mauro Cesar Geraldes

2000-01-01

O objetivo deste trabalho é o estudo geocronológico e da composição química dos granitóides da porção SW do estado do Mato Grosso. A abordagem deste projeto tem relevância para o entendimento da evolução geológica através da identificação, na área de estudo, de eventos de acresção crustal durante o Paleo e Mesoproterozóico que vieram a compor significativa fração do SW Cráton Amazônico. Na região do Terreno Jauru, tonalitos, vulcânicas ácidas e gnaisses analisados pelo método U/Pb em zircões ...

Tus-Ter as a tool to study site-specific DNA replication perturbation in eukaryotes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Larsen, Nicolai B; Hickson, Ian D; Mankouri, Hocine W

2014-01-01

The high-affinity binding of the Tus protein to specific 21-bp sequences, called Ter, causes site-specific, and polar, DNA replication fork arrest in E coli. The Tus-Ter complex serves to coordinate DNA replication with chromosome segregation in this organism. A number of recent and ongoing studies...... have demonstrated that Tus-Ter can be used as a heterologous tool to generate site-specific perturbation of DNA replication when reconstituted in eukaryotes. Here, we review these recent findings and explore the molecular mechanism by which Tus-Ter mediates replication fork (RF) arrest in the budding...... yeast, S. cerevisiae. We propose that Tus-Ter is a versatile, genetically tractable, and regulatable RF blocking system that can be utilized for disrupting DNA replication in a diverse range of host cells....

Tus-Ter as a tool to study site-specific DNA replication perturbation in eukaryotes.

Science.gov (United States)

Larsen, Nicolai B; Hickson, Ian D; Mankouri, Hocine W

2014-01-01

The high-affinity binding of the Tus protein to specific 21-bp sequences, called Ter, causes site-specific, and polar, DNA replication fork arrest in E coli. The Tus-Ter complex serves to coordinate DNA replication with chromosome segregation in this organism. A number of recent and ongoing studies have demonstrated that Tus-Ter can be used as a heterologous tool to generate site-specific perturbation of DNA replication when reconstituted in eukaryotes. Here, we review these recent findings and explore the molecular mechanism by which Tus-Ter mediates replication fork (RF) arrest in the budding yeast, S. cerevisiae. We propose that Tus-Ter is a versatile, genetically tractable, and regulatable RF blocking system that can be utilized for disrupting DNA replication in a diverse range of host cells.

Questão agrária e macropolíticas para a Amazônia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco de Assis Costa

2005-04-01

Full Text Available OS ENUNCIADOS estratégicos do Governo do PT iniciado em 2003 reafirmam anecessidade de desenvolvimento com base na expansão do mercado interno, modelo que, em suas linhas gerais, vem orientando discussões internas e atuações políticas do PT há muito tempo. Colocam, porém, duas novidades de grande significado: a elevação da estabilidade macroeconômica à condição de pressuposto e da sustentabilidade ambiental à condição de atributo do desenvolvimento. A combinação desses três elementos produz grandes desafios para o Governo Federal, podendo gerar inconsistências entre as soluções que se formam pensando o País e as condições particulares da questão amazônica. Urge descortinar tais inconsistências e indicar caminhos de sua superação.THE STRATEGIC statements of the PT Government that started in early 2003 reaffirm the need for the country to develop based on the expansion of the domestic market, model that, in your general lines, is guiding internal discussions and political performances of the PT since long. They place, however, two innovations of great meaning: the guarantee of a macroeconomic stability as presupposition of the development and the environmental sustainability as its attribute. The combination of those three elements produces great challenges for the Federal Government and thus could generate inconsistencies among the solutions thinking Brazil as a whole and the peculiar conditions of the Amazon subject. It urges to explain such inconsistencies and to indicate modes to overcome them.

O uso de peixes como bioindicador ambiental em áreas de várzea da bacia amazônica

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Carlos Edwar C. Freitas

2009-08-01

Full Text Available O uso de bioindicadores pode constituir uma importante ferramenta para monitoramento ambiental, e para ecossistemas aquáticos o uso de espécies de peixes é bastante eficiente, pois são componentes comuns e de fácil amostragem, bem como podem apresentar diferentes estilos de vida e habitats durante seu ciclo de vida. Neste artigo utilizamos como critérios para a seleção das espécies indicadoras, as seguintes características: ser taxonomicamente bem definido e facilmente reconhecível por não-especialistas, apresentar distribuição geográfica ampla, ser abundante ou de fácil coleta, preferencialmente possuir tamanho médio/grande, apresentar baixa mobilidade e longo ciclo de vida, dispor de características ecológicas conhecidas e ter possibilidade de uso em estudos em laboratório. Desta forma, indicamos oito espécies de peixes típicos das várzeas amazônicas: Pellona castelneana, Potamorhina altamazonica, Prochilodus nigricans, Mylossoma duriventre, Pygocentrus nattereri, Serrasalmus rhombeus, Triportheus angulatus e liposarcus pardalis, para uso como bioindicadores em programas de monitoramento ou de avaliação de alterações ambientais.

Nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides: versatile biomolecules for generating functional nanomaterials.

Science.gov (United States)

Pu, Fang; Ren, Jinsong; Qu, Xiaogang

2018-02-21

The incorporation of biomolecules into nanomaterials generates functional nanosystems with novel and advanced properties, presenting great potential for applications in various fields. Nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides, as building blocks of nucleic acids and biological coenzymes, constitute necessary components of the foundation of life. In recent years, as versatile biomolecules for the construction or regulation of functional nanomaterials, they have stimulated interest in researchers, due to their unique properties such as structural diversity, multiplex binding sites, self-assembly ability, stability, biocompatibility, and chirality. In this review, strategies for the synthesis of nanomaterials and the regulation of their morphologies and functions using nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides as building blocks, templates or modulators are summarized alongside selected applications. The diverse applications range from sensing, bioimaging, and drug delivery to mimicking light-harvesting antenna, the construction of logic gates, and beyond. Furthermore, some perspectives and challenges in this emerging field are proposed. This review is directed toward the broader scientific community interested in biomolecule-based functional nanomaterials.

C-orgânico, N-total e substâncias húmicas sob influência da introdução de pastagens (Brachiaria sp. em áreas de cerrado e floresta amazônica

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R. M. Longo

2000-12-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar os efeitos da intervenção humana na remoção da cobertura original e seu posterior uso agrícola, pela introdução de pastagem (Brachiaria sp na região do cerrado (Senador Canedo-GO, junto à Empresa Goiana de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMGOPA, e da floresta amazônica (Porto Velho-RO, junto à Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA, tendo como atributos principais de análises modificações nos teores de nitrogênio total, carbono orgânico, relação C/N e frações de ácidos fúlvicos, ácidos húmicos e humina. As amostras foram coletadas em setembro de 1995, em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo argiloso, ao longo de uma transeção que continha 24 pontos: 12 sob vegetação natural e 12 sob pastagem plantada, em duas profundidades, em ambos os ecossistemas. Os resultados permitiram observar uma diminuição nas concentrações de ácido fúlvico e humina e nos teores de N-total e C-orgânico na mudança da condição de vegetação natural para pastagem; os maiores valores foram encontrados no horizonte Ao, principalmente no solo sob floresta amazônica, revelando uma queda brusca deste para o subjacente, evidenciando o efeito do tipo da cobertura vegetal sobre o teor e sobre a distribuição dos componentes orgânicos em solos tropicais.