ALG-2, a multifunctional calcium binding protein?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tarabykina, Svetlana; Mollerup, Jens; Winding Gojkovic, P.

2004-01-01

ALG-2 was originally discovered as a pro-apoptotic protein in a genetic screen. Due to its ability to bind calcium with high affinity it was postulated to provide a link between the known effect of calcium in programmed cell death and the molecular death execution machinery. This review article...

Common variations in ALG9 are not associated with bipolar I disorder: a family-based study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bacanu Silviu-Alin

2006-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background A mannosyltransferase gene (ALG9, DIBD1 at chromosome band 11q23 was previously identified to be disrupted by a balanced chromosomal translocation t(9;11(p24;q23 co-segregating with bipolar affective disorder in a small family. Inborn ALG9 deficiency (congenital disorders of glycosylation type IL is associated with progressive microcephaly, seizures, developmental delay, and hepatomegaly. It is unknown whether common variations of ALG9 predispose to bipolar affective disorder. Methods We tested five polymorphic markers spanning ALG9 (three intragenic and one upstream microsatellite repeats and one common missense variation, V289I (rs10502151 for their association with bipolar I disorder in two pedigree series. The NIMH (National Institute of Mental Health pedigrees had a total of 166 families showing transmissions to 250 affected offspring, whereas The PITT (The University of Pittsburgh pedigrees had a total of 129 families showing transmissions to 135 cases. We used transmission disequilibrium test for the association analyses. Results We identified three common and distinct haplotypes spanning the ALG9 gene. We found no statistically-significant evidence of transmission disequilibrium of marker alleles or multi-marker haplotypes to the affected offspring with bipolar I disorder. Conclusion These results suggest that common variations in ALG9 do not play a major role in predisposition to bipolar affective disorder.

Characterization of regulatory pathways in Xylella fastidiosa: genes and phenotypes controlled by algU.

Science.gov (United States)

Shi, Xiang Yang; Dumenyo, C Korsi; Hernandez-Martinez, Rufina; Azad, Hamid; Cooksey, Donald A

2007-11-01

Many virulence genes in plant bacterial pathogens are coordinately regulated by "global" regulatory genes. Conducting DNA microarray analysis of bacterial mutants of such genes, compared with the wild type, can help to refine the list of genes that may contribute to virulence in bacterial pathogens. The regulatory gene algU, with roles in stress response and regulation of the biosynthesis of the exopolysaccharide alginate in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and many other bacteria, has been extensively studied. The role of algU in Xylella fastidiosa, the cause of Pierce's disease of grapevines, was analyzed by mutation and whole-genome microarray analysis to define its involvement in aggregation, biofilm formation, and virulence. In this study, an algU::nptII mutant had reduced cell-cell aggregation, attachment, and biofilm formation and lower virulence in grapevines. Microarray analysis showed that 42 genes had significantly lower expression in the algU::nptII mutant than in the wild type. Among these are several genes that could contribute to cell aggregation and biofilm formation, as well as other physiological processes such as virulence, competition, and survival.

Kinetic and thermodynamic properties of alginate lyase and cellulase co-produced by Exiguobacterium species Alg-S5.

Science.gov (United States)

Mohapatra, Bidyut R

2017-05-01

In an effort to screen out the alginolytic and cellulolytic bacteria from the putrefying invasive seaweed Sargassum species accumulated off Barbados' coast, a potent bacterial strain was isolated. This bacterium, which simultaneously produced alginate lyase and cellulase, was identified as Exiguobacterium sp. Alg-S5 via the phylogenetic approach targeting the 16S rRNA gene. The co-produced alginate lyase and cellulase exhibited maximal enzymatic activity at pH 7.5 and at 40°C and 45°C, respectively. The K m and V max values recorded as 0.91mg/mL and 21.8U/mg-protein, respectively, for alginate lyase, and 10.9mg/mL and 74.6U/mg-protein, respectively, for cellulase. First order kinetic analysis of the thermal denaturation of the co-produced alginate lyase and cellulase in the temperature range from 40°C to 55°C revealed that both the enzymes were thermodynamically efficient by displaying higher activation energy and enthalpy of denaturation. These enzymatic properties indicate the potential industrial importance of this bacterium in algal biomass conversion. This appears to be the first report on assessing the efficacy of a bacterium for the co-production of alginate lyase and cellulase. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The calcium-binding protein ALG-2 regulates protein secretion and trafficking via interactions with MISSL and MAP1B proteins.

Science.gov (United States)

Takahara, Terunao; Inoue, Kuniko; Arai, Yumika; Kuwata, Keiko; Shibata, Hideki; Maki, Masatoshi

2017-10-13

Mobilization of intracellular calcium is essential for a wide range of cellular processes, including signal transduction, apoptosis, and vesicular trafficking. Several lines of evidence have suggested that apoptosis-linked gene 2 (ALG-2, also known as PDCD6 ), a calcium-binding protein, acts as a calcium sensor linking calcium levels with efficient vesicular trafficking, especially at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi transport step. However, how ALG-2 regulates these processes remains largely unclear. Here, we report that M APK1- i nteracting and s pindle- s tabilizing (MISS)- l ike (MISSL), a previously uncharacterized protein, interacts with ALG-2 in a calcium-dependent manner. Live-cell imaging revealed that upon a rise in intracellular calcium levels, GFP-tagged MISSL (GFP-MISSL) dynamically relocalizes in a punctate pattern and colocalizes with ALG-2. MISSL knockdown caused disorganization of the components of the ER exit site, the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment, and Golgi. Importantly, knockdown of either MISSL or ALG-2 attenuated the secretion of se creted a lkaline p hosphatase (SEAP), a model secreted cargo protein, with similar reductions in secretion by single- and double-protein knockdowns, suggesting that MISSL and ALG-2 act in the same pathway to regulate the secretion process. Furthermore, ALG-2 or MISSL knockdown delayed ER-to-Golgi transport of procollagen type I. We also found that ALG-2 and MISSL interact with microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B) and that MAP1B knockdown reverts the reduced secretion of SEAP caused by MISSL or ALG-2 depletion. These results suggest that a change in the intracellular calcium level plays a role in regulation of the secretory pathway via interaction of ALG-2 with MISSL and MAP1B. © 2017 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

ALG-2 knockdown in HeLa cells results in G2/M cell cycle phase accumulation and cell death

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Høj, Berit Rahbek; la Cour, Peter Jonas Marstrand; Mollerup, Jens

2009-01-01

downregulation induces accumulation of HeLa cells in the G2/M cell cycle phase and increases the amount of early apoptotic and dead cells. Caspase inhibition by the pan-caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk attenuated the increase in the amount of dead cells following ALG-2 downregulation. Thus, our results indicate...... that ALG-2 has an anti-apoptotic function in HeLa cells by facilitating the passage through checkpoints in the G2/M cell cycle phase.......ALG-2 (apoptosis-linked gene-2 encoded protein) has been shown to be upregulated in a variety of human tumors questioning its previously assumed pro-apoptotic function. The aim of the present study was to obtain insights into the role of ALG-2 in human cancer cells. We show that ALG-2...

The Pseudomonas transcriptional regulator AlgR controls LipA expression via the noncoding RNA RsmZ in Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Menggang; Yan, Jinyong; Yan, Yunjun

2017-05-20

Pseudomonas lipases are well studied enzymes. However, few studies have been conducted to explore the mechanism underlying the regulation of lipases expression. AlgR, a global regulator, controls the expression of multiple genes, regulates bacterial peristalsis, and participates in the regulation of quorum-sensing (QS) system, and so on. In this study, the effect of AlgR on lipase expression was investigated by knocking out the algR and rsmZ genes or overexpressing them. It is found out that AlgR can regulate the expression of lipA at both transcriptional and translational levels, but the transcriptional level was dominant. AlgR is also able to regulate the expression of rsmX/rsmY/rsmZ. Additionally, using algR/rsmZ double gene knock-out, it showed that AlgR could directly bind to the promoter sequence of rsmZ to regulate lipA activity. In conclusion, this study for the first time indicates that AlgR directly binds to rsmZ to regulates the expression of lipA via regulating transcription of rsmZ, and mainly regulates the expression of lipA at transcriptional level in P. protegens Pf-5. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Expression, Purification, Crystallization and Preliminary X-ray Analysis of Pseudomonas fluorescens AlgK

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Keiski,C.; Yip, P.; Robinson, H.; Burrows, L.; Howell, P.

2007-01-01

AlgK is an outer-membrane lipoprotein involved in the biosynthesis of alginate in Pseudomonads and Azotobacter vinelandii. A recombinant form of Pseudomonas fluorescens AlgK with a C-terminal polyhistidine affinity tag has been expressed and purified from the periplasm of Escherichia coli cells and diffraction-quality crystals of AlgK have been grown using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. The crystals grow as flat plates with unit-cell parameters a = 79.09, b = 107.85, c = 119.15 {angstrom}, = 96.97{sup o}. The crystals exhibit the symmetry of space group P2{sub 1} and diffract to a minimum d-spacing of 2.5 {angstrom} at Station X29 of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory. On the basis of the Matthews coefficient (V{sub M} = 2.53 {angstrom}{sup 3} Da{sup -1}), four protein molecules are estimated to be present in the asymmetric unit.

L'éducation physique et sportive scolaire en Algérie

OpenAIRE

Yahiaoui, Boubeker

2016-01-01

Le problème qui se pose à nous dans cet essai d'analyse est que l'Education Physique et Sportive (par abréviation EPS) reste toujours marginalisée à l'école algérienne. Alors que les activités physiques sont considérées dans le monde comme un moyen fondamental d'amélioration de la santé et de l'éducation, plus particulièrement des jeunes, en Algérie, l'EPS et le sport scolaire ont régressé : 2x45mn hebdomadaires d'enseignement très peu assurées à l'école primaire, 2h par semaine dans les ense...

Magnetic and noncentrosymmetric Weyl fermion semimetals in the R AlGe family of compounds (R =rare earth )

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, Guoqing; Singh, Bahadur; Xu, Su-Yang; Bian, Guang; Huang, Shin-Ming; Hsu, Chuang-Han; Belopolski, Ilya; Alidoust, Nasser; Sanchez, Daniel S.; Zheng, Hao; Lu, Hong; Zhang, Xiao; Bian, Yi; Chang, Tay-Rong; Jeng, Horng-Tay; Bansil, Arun; Hsu, Han; Jia, Shuang; Neupert, Titus; Lin, Hsin; Hasan, M. Zahid

2018-01-01

Weyl semimetals are novel topological conductors that host Weyl fermions as emergent quasiparticles. In this Rapid Communication, we propose a new type of Weyl semimetal state that breaks both time-reversal symmetry and inversion symmetry in the R AlGe (R =rare -earth ) family. Compared to previous predictions of magnetic Weyl semimetal candidates, the prediction of Weyl nodes in R AlGe is more robust and less dependent on the details of the magnetism because the Weyl nodes are generated already by the inversion breaking and the ferromagnetism acts as a simple Zeeman coupling that shifts the Weyl nodes in k space. Moreover, R AlGe offers remarkable tunability, which covers all varieties of Weyl semimetals including type I, type II, inversion breaking, and time-reversal breaking, depending on a suitable choice of the rare-earth elements. Furthermore, the unique noncentrosymmetric and ferromagnetic Weyl semimetal state in R AlGe enables the generation of spin currents.

Apoptosis-linked Gene-2 (ALG-2)/Sec31 Interactions Regulate Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi Transport

Science.gov (United States)

Helm, Jared R.; Bentley, Marvin; Thorsen, Kevin D.; Wang, Ting; Foltz, Lauren; Oorschot, Viola; Klumperman, Judith; Hay, Jesse C.

2014-01-01

Luminal calcium released from secretory organelles has been suggested to play a regulatory role in vesicle transport at several steps in the secretory pathway; however, its functional roles and effector pathways have not been elucidated. Here we demonstrate for the first time that specific luminal calcium depletion leads to a significant decrease in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi transport rates in intact cells. Ultrastructural analysis revealed that luminal calcium depletion is accompanied by increased accumulation of intermediate compartment proteins in COPII buds and clusters of unfused COPII vesicles at ER exit sites. Furthermore, we present several lines of evidence suggesting that luminal calcium affected transport at least in part through calcium-dependent interactions between apoptosis-linked gene-2 (ALG-2) and the Sec31A proline-rich region: 1) targeted disruption of ALG-2/Sec31A interactions caused severe defects in ER-to-Golgi transport in intact cells; 2) effects of luminal calcium and ALG-2/Sec31A interactions on transport mutually required each other; and 3) Sec31A function in transport required luminal calcium. Morphological phenotypes of disrupted ALG-2/Sec31A interactions were characterized. We found that ALG-2/Sec31A interactions were not required for the localization of Sec31A to ER exit sites per se but appeared to acutely regulate the stability and trafficking of the cargo receptor p24 and the distribution of the vesicle tether protein p115. These results represent the first outline of a mechanism that connects luminal calcium to specific protein interactions regulating vesicle trafficking machinery. PMID:25006245

Kultuuride algsümbolitest = The basic symbols of culture / Veljo Kaasik

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kaasik, Veljo

1999-01-01

Peamiseks üht kultuuri teisest eristavaks algsümboliks on Oswald Spengleri järgi ruum. Erinevate kultuuride ruumikäsitlusest. Georg Henrik von Wrighti kultuuri mõiste definitsioonist ja artiklist "Progressi müüt"

Ortaöğretim Öğrencilerinin Yazma Eğilimi Algıları

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ercan Deniz

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Bu araştırmanın amacı, ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin yazma eğilimi algılarının genel düzeyini tespit ederek yazma eğilimi algısını cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi, öğrenim alanı, anne eğitim durumu, baba eğitim durumu, kitap okuma sıklığı, facebook ve e-mail kullanma durumlarına göre incelemektir. Araştırma 2013-2014 eğitim-öğretim yılında tesadüfi örnekleme yoluyla seçilen resmi bir okuldaki 317 öğrenci üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 20.0 paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde ilişkisiz örneklem t testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve pearson momentler çarpımı korelasyonu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin yazma eğilimi algılarının “orta düzeyde” olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öğrencilerin yazma eğilimi algılarının cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi, öğrenim alanı ve kitap okuma sıklığı değişkenlerine göre anlamlı bir farlılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Anne ve baba eğitim durumuyla facebook ve e-mail kullanma değişkenlerinin yazma eğilimi algısıyla istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişkisi bulunmamaktadır.

Ionic conductivity studies in crystalline PVA/NaAlg polymer blend electrolyte doped with alkali salt KCl

Science.gov (United States)

Sheela, T.; Bhajantri, R. F.; Ravindrachary, V.; Pujari, P. K.; Rathod, Sunil G.; Naik, Jagadish

2014-04-01

Potassium Chloride (KCl) doped poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/sodium alginate (NaAlg) in 60:40 wt% polymer blend electrolytes were prepared by solution casting method. The complexation of KCl with host PVA/NaAlg blend is confirmed by FTIR and UV-Vis spectra. The XRD studies show that the crystallinity of the prepared blends increases with increase in doping. The dc conductivity increases with increase in dopant concentration. Temperature dependent dc conductivity shows an Arrhenius behavior. The dielectric properties show that both the dielectric constant and dielectric loss increases with increase in KCl doping concentration and decreases with frequency. The cole-cole plots show a decrease in bulk resistance, indicates the increase in ac conductivity, due to increase in charge carrier mobility. The doping of KCl enhances the mechanical properties of PVA/NaAlg, such as Young's modulus, tensile strength, stiffness.

Impact du marketing bancaire sur les petites et moyennes entreprises en Algérie

OpenAIRE

Boutarene, Nezha-yamina

2014-01-01

La premiére partie intitulée le marketing dans les institutions financérs bancaires,le premier chapitre présente l'importance du marketing dans la banque , ensuite le deuxiéme chapitre explique le comportement du consommateur (PME) ,et les paramétres d'analyse du banquier.Le troisiéme chapitre est consacré à la politique et le plan marketing bancaire.La deuxiéme partie présente l'historique du systéme bancaire Algérien et la possibilité d'introduction d'un marketing bancaire en Algérie....

Impact of alg3 gene deletion on growth, development, pigment production, protein secretion, and functions of recombinant Trichoderma reesei cellobiohydrolases in Aspergillus niger.

Science.gov (United States)

Dai, Ziyu; Aryal, Uma K; Shukla, Anil; Qian, Wei-Jun; Smith, Richard D; Magnuson, Jon K; Adney, William S; Beckham, Gregg T; Brunecky, Roman; Himmel, Michael E; Decker, Stephen R; Ju, Xiaohui; Zhang, Xiao; Baker, Scott E

2013-12-01

Dolichyl-P-Man:Man(5)GlcNAc(2)-PP-dolichyl α-1,3-mannosyltransferase (also known as "asparagine-linked glycosylation 3", or ALG3) is involved in early N-linked glycan synthesis and thus is essential for formation of N-linked protein glycosylation. In this study, we examined the effects of alg3 gene deletion (alg3Δ) on growth, development, pigment production, protein secretion and recombinant Trichoderma reesei cellobiohydrolase (rCel7A) expressed in Aspergillus niger. The alg3Δ delayed spore germination in liquid cultures of complete medium (CM), potato dextrose (PD), minimal medium (MM) and CM with addition of cAMP (CM+cAMP), and resulted in significant reduction of hyphal growth on CM, potato dextrose agar (PDA), and CM+cAMP and spore production on CM. The alg3Δ also led to a significant accumulation of red pigment on both liquid and solid CM cultures. The relative abundances of 54 of the total 215 proteins identified in the secretome were significantly altered as a result of alg3Δ, 63% of which were secreted at higher levels in alg3Δ strain than the parent. The rCel7A expressed in the alg3Δ mutant was smaller in size than that expressed in both wild-type and parental strains, but still larger than T. reesei Cel7A. The circular dichroism (CD)-melt scans indicated that change in glycosylation of rCel7A does not appear to impact the secondary structure or folding. Enzyme assays of Cel7A and rCel7A on nanocrystalline cellulose and bleached kraft pulp demonstrated that the rCel7As have improved activities on hydrolyzing the nanocrystalline cellulose. Overall, the results suggest that alg3 is critical for growth, sporulation, pigment production, and protein secretion in A. niger, and demonstrate the feasibility of this alternative approach to evaluate the roles of N-linked glycosylation in glycoprotein secretion and function. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Effect of UV irradiation on optical, mechanical and microstructural properties of PVA/NaAlg blends

Science.gov (United States)

Sheela, T.; Bhajantri, R. F.; Ravindrachary, V.; Rathod, Sunil G.; Pujari, P. K.; Poojary, Boja; Somashekar, R.

2014-10-01

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/Sodium alginate (NaAlg) blend films with 60:40 wt% were prepared by solution casting method and subjected to UV irradiation for different intervals of time. The optical, mechanical and morphological properties of the blend films were modified after UV irradiation. The FTIR and FT-Raman results show the chemical interaction between PVA and NaAlg. The UV-vis absorption peak at 278 nm shifts slightly towards longer wavelength and the absorption increases with irradiation time, indicate the increase in crosslinking network. The XRD results show an increase in amorphous nature with increase in UV irradiation time. The DSC/TGA results show a single glass transition temperature (Tg), which confirm that the blends are completely miscible and thermally stable up to 250 °C. The Young's modulus, tensile strength and stiffness of the blend films increase with increase in UV irradiation time. The SEM images confirm that the surface of 48 h UV irradiated PVA:NaAlg blend is more photo-resistant than unirradiated blend.

Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa AlgX

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Weadge, J.T.; Robinson, H.; Yip, P. P.; Arnett, K.; Tipton, P. A.; Howell, P. L.

2010-05-01

AlgX is a periplasmic protein required for the production of the exopolysaccharide alginate in Pseudomonas sp. and Azotobacter vinelandii. AlgX has been overexpressed and purified and diffraction-quality crystals have been grown using iterative seeding and the hanging-drop vapor-diffusion method. The crystals grew as flat plates with unit-cell parameters a = 46.4, b = 120.6, c = 86.9 {angstrom}, {beta} = 95.7{sup o}. The crystals exhibited the symmetry of space group P2{sub 1} and diffracted to a minimum d-spacing of 2.1 {angstrom}. On the basis of the Matthews coefficient (V{sub M} = 2.25 {angstrom}{sup 3} Da{sup -1}), two molecules were estimated to be present in the asymmetric unit.

ALG11-CDG : Three novel mutations and further characterization of the phenotype

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Regal, L.; Van Hasselt, P. M.; Foulquier, F.; Cuppen, I.; Prinsen, Hcmt; Jansen, K.; Keldermans, L.; De Meirleir, L.; Matthijs, G.; Jaeken, J.

2015-01-01

We report on two novel patients with ALG11-CDG. The phenotype was characterized by severe psychomotor disability, progressive microcephaly, sensorineural hearing loss, therapy-resistant epilepsy with burst suppression EEG, cerebral atrophy with, in one of them, neuronal heterotopia, and early

Impact of alg3 gene deletion on growth, development, pigment production, protein secretion, and functions of recombinant Trichoderma reesei cellobiohydrolases in Aspergillus niger

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dai, Ziyu; Aryal, Uma K.; Shukla, Anil; Qian, Wei-Jun; Smith, Richard D.; Magnuson, Jon K.; Adney, William S.; Beckham, Gregg T.; Brunecky, Roman; Himmel, Michael E.; Decker, Stephen R.; Ju, Xiaohui; Zhang, Xiao; Baker, Scott E.

2013-12-01

ALG3 is a Family 58 glycosyltransferase enzyme involved in early N-linked glycan synthesis. Here, we investigated the effect of the alg3 gene disruption on growth, development, metabolism, and protein secretion in Aspergillus niger. The alg3 gene deletion resulted in a significant reduction of growth on complete (CM) and potato dextrose agar (PDA) media and a substantial reduction of spore production on CM. It also delayed spore germination in the liquid cultures of both CM and PDA media, but led to a significant accumulation of red pigment on both CM and liquid modified minimal medium (MM) supplemented with yeast extract. The relative abundance of 55 proteins of the total 190 proteins identified in the secretome was significantly different as a result of alg3 gene deletion. Comparison of a Trichoderma reesei cellobiohydrolase (Cel7A) heterologously expressed in A. niger parental and Δalg3 strains showed that the recombinant Cel7A expressed in the mutant background was smaller in size than that from the parental strains. This study suggests that ALG3 is critical for growth and development, pigment production, and protein secretion in A. niger. Functional analysis of recombinant Cel7A with aberrant glycosylation demonstrates the feasibility of this alternative approach to evaluate the role of N-linked glycosylation in glycoprotein secretion and function.

Minimal Sanatta Dan Flavin’i Gestalt Algı Kuramıyla Anlamlandırma

OpenAIRE

Yağmur, Önder

2015-01-01

1960’larda Amerika’da ortaya çıkmış olan sanat akımı Minimalizmin önde gelen sanatçılarından Dan Flavin’in minimal sanat anlayışı, bazı çalışmalarından örnekler verilerek Gestalt algı teorisi yaklaşımıyla sanatçının eserlerinin anlamlandırılması yapılmıştır. Özellikle Flavin ile bütünleşen floresan heykellerinin Gestalt algı teorisinin şekil-zemin ilişkisi, yakınlık, benzerlik, tamamlama, devamlılık ve basitlik ilkeleri doğrultusunda ele alınarak tekrar yorumlamaya gidilmiştir.Anahtar Kelimel...

Role of an ER stress response element in regulating the bidirectional promoter of the mouse CRELD2 - ALG12 gene pair

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hirata Yoko

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Recently, we identified cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2 (CRELD2 as a novel endoplasmic reticulum (ER stress-inducible gene and characterized its transcriptional regulation by ATF6 under ER stress conditions. Interestingly, the CRELD2 and asparagine-linked glycosylation 12 homolog (ALG12 genes are arranged as a bidirectional (head-to-head gene pair and are separated by less than 400 bp. In this study, we characterized the transcriptional regulation of the mouse CRELD2 and ALG12 genes that is mediated by a common bidirectional promoter. Results This short intergenic region contains an ER stress response element (ERSE sequence and is well conserved among the human, rat and mouse genomes. Microarray analysis revealed that CRELD2 and ALG12 mRNAs were induced in Neuro2a cells by treatment with thapsigargin (Tg, an ER stress inducer, in a time-dependent manner. Other ER stress inducers, tunicamycin and brefeldin A, also increased the expression of these two mRNAs in Neuro2a cells. We then tested for the possible involvement of the ERSE motif and other regulatory sites of the intergenic region in the transcriptional regulation of the mouse CRELD2 and ALG12 genes by using variants of the bidirectional reporter construct. With regards to the promoter activities of the CRELD2-ALG12 gene pair, the entire intergenic region hardly responded to Tg, whereas the CRELD2 promoter constructs of the proximal region containing the ERSE motif showed a marked responsiveness to Tg. The same ERSE motif of ALG12 gene in the opposite direction was less responsive to Tg. The direction and the distance of this motif from each transcriptional start site, however, has no impact on the responsiveness of either gene to Tg treatment. Additionally, we found three putative sequences in the intergenic region that antagonize the ERSE-mediated transcriptional activation. Conclusions These results show that the mouse CRELD2 and ALG12 genes are arranged as a

La diversité linguistique et culturelle dans le système éducatif algérien

OpenAIRE

Abdellatif Mami, Naouel

2013-01-01

Après cinquante ans d’indépendance, l’officialisation de la langue arabe classique, l’utilisation de l’algérien parlé (derdj), la reconnaissance du tamazight comme deuxième langue officielle et l’usage « forcé » du français, langue « coloniale », comme langue « étrangère » entraînent toujours, pour la plupart des Algériens, un malaise langagier et identitaire. La reconnaissance de l’anglais comme première langue étrangère, en 1993, n’a fait qu’accroître les débats relatifs à la légitimation p...

Les montagnes et la montée des clercs dans l’Algérie coloniale. Viticulture, montagnes et réformisme (iṣlāḥ aux xixe-xxe siècles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kamel Chachoua

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Les études des sciences humaines et sociales sur la religion en Algérie se sont toujours concentrées sur les rôles et les fonctions des acteurs emblématiques (saints, réformateurs et des institutions anciennes ou modernes (confréries, médersas, écoles publiques dans une sorte de « fonctionnalisme du pire et/ou du meilleur ». Partant de l’exemple du mouvement réformiste musulman algérien, l’iṣlāḥ (renaissance, naḥḍa en Égypte, souvent présenté comme un mouvement « citadin », « petit-bourgeois » et essentiellement « arabophone », ce texte montre, qu’au contraire, les ulémas fondateurs et promoteurs du mouvement réformiste algérien sont presque tous originaires des montagnes de l’Est, berbérophones, d’origine sociale modeste, prématurément orphelins. Aussi, et pour rendre compte de ces spécificités bio-géographique et politique du mouvement réformiste algérien, ce texte revient sur l’histoire de la viticulture en Algérie qui a, dès 1880, scindée l’Algérie en deux. À l’Ouest, une Algérie des plaines viticoles, une Algérie dite « province européenne », et à l’Est une Algérie des montagnes, une Algérie musulmane qui, par une sorte de « conservatisme révolutionnaire », deviendra le terrain du mouvement réformiste (iṣlāḥ et de la lutte indépendantiste.

Algklassiõpetajate hoiakud lugemise algõpetuse suhtes / Mare Müürsepp

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Müürsepp, Mare

2001-01-01

Aastail 1998-2000 toimunud uurimusest 2. kl. õpilaste ja algklassiõpetajate seas, mille eesmärgiks oli kirjeldada 2. klassi õpilaste enesemääratlust lugejana ning analüüsida sel taustal algklassiõpetajate suhtumisi lugemisõpetuse eri aspektidesse. Probleemina püstitati : kas õpetaja hoiakud lugemise algõpetuse suhtes on kooskõlas õpilaste poolt lugemistegevuses teadvustatavaga? Artiklis võrreldakse maa-, suurlinna ja väikelinna koolide õpetajaid ja õpilasi

ALGE3D: A Three-Dimensional Transport Model

Science.gov (United States)

Maze, G. M.

2017-12-01

Of the top 10 most populated US cities from a 2015 US Census Bureau estimate, 7 of the cities are situated near the ocean, a bay, or on one of the Great Lakes. A contamination of the water ways in the United States could be devastating to the economy (through tourism and industries such as fishing), public health (from direct contact, or contaminated drinking water), and in some cases even infrastructure (water treatment plants). Current national response models employed by emergency response agencies have well developed models to simulate the effects of hazardous contaminants in riverine systems that are primarily driven by one-dimensional flows; however in more complex systems, such as tidal estuaries, bays, or lakes, a more complex model is needed. While many models exist, none are capable of quick deployment in emergency situations that could contain a variety of release situations including a mixture of both particulate and dissolved chemicals in a complex flow area. ALGE3D, developed at the Department of Energy's (DOE) Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL), is a three-dimensional hydrodynamic code which solves the momentum, mass, and energy conservation equations to predict the movement and dissipation of thermal or dissolved chemical plumes discharged into cooling lakes, rivers, and estuaries. ALGE3D is capable of modeling very complex flows, including areas with tidal flows which include wetting and drying of land. Recent upgrades have increased the capabilities including the transport of particulate tracers, allowing for more complete modeling of the transport of pollutants. In addition the model is capable of coupling with a one-dimension riverine transport model or a two-dimension atmospheric deposition model in the event that a contamination event occurs upstream or upwind of the water body.

Repair of UV-induced DNA damage in aplastic anaemia: Changes after treatment with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kovacs, E.; Nissen, C.; Speck, B.; Signer, E.

1988-01-01

The extent of DNA-repair induced by UV-C irradiation was measured in peripheral unstimulated lymphocytes of 24 patients with aplastic anaemia at different stages of disease and compared with the results obtained in 92 controls. As parameter of the DNA-repair synthesis, the incorporation of (/sup 3/H)thymidine in the presence of 2 mmol/l hydroxyurea (HU) was taken. Of 19 patients tested after treatment with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG), 5 were in complete autologous haemopoietic remission, defined as > 1000 granulocytes/mm/sup 3/, > 100 000 platelets/mm/sup 3/ and a nontransfused haemoglobin value > 10 g%. 14 patients were in partial remission, defined as improvement of haemopoietic function, not meeting the criteria for complete remission. 4/5 patients in complete remission had normal DNA-repair synthesis, compared to 4/14 patients in partial remission. In 92 controls, a normal level was found in 70 cases. In 4/5 patients examined at diagnosis and at various intervals after ALG-treatment, DNA-repair synthesis was low at diagnosis. It increased after therapy and paralleled improvement of haemopoietic function to some extent. It is suggested that in aplastic anaemia there are different populations of lymphocytes with differing DNA-repair capacity; ALG treatment seems to favour expansion of the normal population, which is associated with improvement of haemopoietic function.

PTX-loaded three-layer PLGA/CS/ALG nanoparticle based on layer-by-layer method for cancer therapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Fang; Yuan, Jian; Zhang, Qian; Yang, Siqian; Jiang, Shaohua; Huang, Chaobo

2018-05-17

Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles are an ideal paclitaxel (PTX)-carrying system due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. But it possessed disadvantage of drug burst release. In this research, a layer-by-layer deposition of chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (ALG) was applied to modify the PLGA nanoparticles. The surface charges and morphology of the PLGA, PLGA/CS and PLGA/CS/ALG particles was measured by capillary electrophoresis and SEM and TEM, respectively. The drug encapsulation and loading efficiency were confirmed by ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The nanoparticles were stable and exhibited controlled drug release performance, with good cytotoxicity to human lung carcinoma cells (HepG 2). Cumulatively, our research suggests that this kind of three-layer nanoparticle with LbL-coated shield has great properties to act as a novel drug-loaded system.

Algõpetuse peajoon ja harupedagoogikad / Sirje Piht, Elve Voltein, Anne Uusen, Inge Timoštšuk

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2012-01-01

Intervjuu Sirje Pihti ja Anne Uuseniga Tallinna Ülikooli algõpetuse osakonnast, Elve Volteiniga Tartu Ülikooli haridusteaduste instituudi õpetajate seminarist ja Inge Timoštšukiga Tallinna Ülikooli kasvatusteaduste instituudi pedagoogilise praktika keskusest

ALG6-CDG: a recognizable phenotype with epilepsy, proximal muscle weakness, ataxia and behavioral and limb anomalies

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Morava, E.; Tiemes, V.; Thiel, C.; Seta, N.; Lonlay, P. de; Klerk, H. de; Mulder, M.; Rubio-Gozalbo, E.; Visser, G.; Hasselt, P. van; Horovitz, D.D.; Souza, C.F. de; Schwartz, I.V.; Green, A.; Al-Owain, M.; Uziel, G.; Sigaudy, S.; Chabrol, B.; Spronsen, F.J. van; Steinert, M.; Komini, E.; Wurm, D.; Bevot, A.; Ayadi, A.; Huijben, K.; Dercksen, M.; Witters, P.; Jaeken, J.; Matthijs, G.; Lefeber, D.J.; Wevers, R.A.

2016-01-01

INTRODUCTION: Alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase congenital disorder of glycosylation (ALG6-CDG) is a congenital disorder of glycosylation. The original patients were described with hypotonia, developmental disability, epilepsy, and increased bleeding tendency. METHODS: Based on Euroglycan database

ALG6-CDG : a recognizable phenotype with epilepsy, proximal muscle weakness, ataxia and behavioral and limb anomalies

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Morava, Eva; Tiemes, Vera; Thiel, Christian; Seta, Nathalie; de Lonlay, Pascale; de Klerk, Hans; Mulder, Margot; Rubio-Gozalbo, Estela; Visser, Gepke; van Hasselt, Peter; Horovitz, Dafne D. G.; Moura de Souza, Carolina Fischinger; Schwartz, Ida V. D.; Green, Andrew; Al-Owain, Mohammed; Uziel, Graciella; Sigaudy, Sabine; Chabrol, Brigitte; Spronsen, van Franc-Jan; Steinert, Martin; Komini, Eleni; Wurm, Donald; Bevot, Andrea; Ayadi, Addelkarim; Huijben, Karin; Dercksen, Marli; Witters, Peter; Jaeken, Jaak; Matthijs, Gert; Lefeber, Dirk J.; Wevers, Ron A.

Introduction Alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase congenital disorder of glycosylation (ALG6-CDG) is a congenital disorder of glycosylation. The original patients were described with hypotonia, developmental disability, epilepsy, and increased bleeding tendency. Methods Based on Euroglycan database

Congenital disorder of glycosylation Ic due to a de novo deletion and an hALG-6 mutation.

Science.gov (United States)

Eklund, Erik A; Sun, Liangwu; Yang, Samuel P; Pasion, Romela M; Thorland, Erik C; Freeze, Hudson H

2006-01-20

We describe a new cause of congenital disorder of glycosylation-Ic (CDG-Ic) in a young girl with a rather mild CDG phenotype. Her cells accumulated lipid-linked oligosaccharides lacking three glucose residues, and sequencing of the ALG6 gene showed what initially appeared to be a homozygous novel point mutation (338G>A). However, haplotype analysis showed that the patient does not carry any paternal DNA markers extending 33kb in the telomeric direction from the ALG6 region, and microsatellite analysis extended the abnormal region to at least 2.5Mb. We used high-resolution karyotyping to confirm a deletion (10-12Mb) [del(1)(p31.2p32.3)] and found no structural abnormalities in the father, suggesting a de novo event. Our findings extend the causes of CDG to larger DNA deletions and identify the first Japanese CDG-Ic mutation.

Les déterminants du chômage en Algérie : une analyse économétrique (1980-2009)

OpenAIRE

BOURICHE, Lahcène

2013-01-01

Cette étude montre l’existence une relation de cointégration au sens d’Engel et Granger, entre le taux de chômage et certaines variables d’ordre économiques et financières liées aux réformes économiques engagées en Algérie depuis la fin des années 80. Ces variables sont entre autres, les dépenses nationales brutes, le taux d’inflation, le taux de change et les termes de l’échange. Toutefois, il ressort de l’étude, que le taux de chômage en Algérie n’est pas corrélé avec la productivité du tra...

A novel mutation and first report of dilated cardiomyopathy in ALG6-CDG (CDG-Ic: a case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zagal Ahmad

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG are an expanding group of inherited metabolic diseases with multisystem involvement. ALG6-CDG (CDGIc is an endoplasmatic reticulum defect in N-glycan assembly. It is usually milder than PMM2-CDG (CDG-Ia and so is its natural course. It is characterized by psychomotor retardation, seizures, ataxia, and hypotonia. In contrast to PMM2-CDG (CDGIa, there is no cerebellar hypoplasia. Cardiomyopathy has been reported in a few CDG types and in a number of patients with unexplained CDG. We report an 11 year old Saudi boy with severe psychomotor retardation, seizures, strabismus, inverted nipples, dilated cardiomyopathy, and a type 1 pattern of serum transferrin isoelectrofocusing. Phosphomannomutase and phosphomannose isomerase activities were normal in fibroblasts. Full gene sequencing of the ALG6 gene revealed a novel mutation namely c.482A>G (p.Y161C and heterozygosity in the parents. This report highlights the importance to consider CDG in the differential diagnosis of unexplained cardiomyopathy.

Lounès Matoub et ses chansons: l'Algérie embrase le cœur, l'Algérie attise la raison

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Mohammed Yefsah

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Ténor de la chanson algérienne, Lounès Matoub est devenu une icône après son assassinat. Il est l'incarnation même de l'artiste au cœur de son peuple, lui qui s'est imposé dans le champ artistique avec son talent, son franc-parler, sa musique et sa poésie. Son parcours ne peut être dissocié de ses engagements politiques. Il combat les fondamentalistes islamistes et s'oppose au pouvoir en place. Il veut la reconnaissance du berbère, sa langue maternelle et celle de ses chansons, par l’État algérien. Il porte un regard sur l’histoire en reprenant des mythes tout en révélant des vérités. Il brise également des tabous de la société mais reprend des poncifs. Ses chansons, dans lesquelles se reconnaissent des milliers de personnes, disent les contradictions d'un individu tourmenté. L'imaginaire de ses poèmes est régional et rural. En revanche, son désir tend vers la nation entière et même vers l'universel. La tragédie de sa vie est indissociable des durs contextes politiques qu'expriment ses paroles. Algerian poet, singer and songwriter Lounès Matoub became an icon after his assassination. In the hearts of his people, he is the embodiment of an artist, having established himself with his talent, his outspokenness, his music and his poetry. His career cannot be dissociated from his political commitments. He fights against the Islamic fundamentalists and rebels against the governing power. He wants Berber, his mother language and that of his songs, recognized by the Algerian government. He examines history by recycling myths while revealing truths. He breaks societal taboos but unravels clichés. His songs tell of the trials of a tormented individual, but thousands of people recognize themselves in his songs. The scope of his poems is regional and rural. However, his desire extends to the whole nation, even to the universal. The tragedy of his life is inseparable from the tough political context that his words describe.

L'Algérie, intégration de l'évaluation citoyenne comme maîtrise d ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

L'objectif étant de tenir compte tenu de la mobilisation des populations riveraines qui luttent quotidiennement contre les risques sanitaires nocifs pour leur santé et leur sécurité. Mots-clés : Ressources naturelles – préservation - évaluation citoyenne - Algérie. Algeria, integration of citizen evaluation as a mastery of creative ...

Bouayed Anissa, L’art et l’Algérie insurgée. Les traces de l’épreuve : 1954-1962, ENAG Editions, 2005.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karima Direche-Slimani

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Il est toujours difficile de rendre compte d’un livre d’art. Le choix des œuvres, les textes qui les accompagnent, la démarche de l’auteur, ont toujours une subjectivité qu’il est parfois malaisé d’expliciter dans une lecture de type académique. Mais l’ouvrage d’Anissa Bouayed n’est pas un énième livre d’art. Il est bien plus que cela. Le titre, déjà, annonce l’ambition de l’auteur. Celle de traiter la guerre d’Algérie à partir des productions artistiques des peintres internationaux et algéri...

Esferas (beads de alginato como agente encapsulante de óleo de croton zehntneri Pax et Hoffm ALG/Ca beads as an encapsulation agent of croton zehntneri Pax et Hoffm essential oil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Haroldo C. B. de Paula

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Esferas de alginato (ALG reticuladas com cálcio e revestidas com goma do cajueiro (GC foram preparadas e dopadas com óleo essencial de Croton zehntneri Pax et Hoffm (Cz, visando a seu emprego como larvicida para combate ao vetor da dengue. As esferas foram caracterizadas estruturalmente por espectroscopia de infravermelho, análise térmica, microscopia eletrônica de varredura e em relação aos seus parâmetros de transporte líquido, dopagem, embebição (Q e cinética de liberação in vitro e in vivo. Os resultados revelaram que as esferas possuem morfologia com uma alta regularidade esférica, com superfície porosa. A matriz ALG:Cz =1:1 apresentou maior dopagem e eficiência de encapsulamento e valores de Q entre 10 e 12. O perfil de liberação do óleo encapsulado apresentou-se mais prolongado nas esferas contendo goma do cajueiro, ALG-GC:Cz =1:1. A taxa de mortalidade de larvas de Stegomyia aegypti para teores de 1,81 a 4,25 mg de óleo nas esferas resultou em valores na faixa de 72 a 100%, após 24 h. A matriz polimérica mostrou-se efetiva para proteção do principio ativo até cerca de 70 dias, com perdas da ordem de 35%. A análise térmica revelou que a incorporação de Cz e GC resulta em uma matriz polimérica termicamente mais estável.Alginate beads (ALG crosslinked with calcium and coated with cashew gum (GC were prepared and loaded with an essential oil from Croton zehntneri Pax et Hoffm (Cz. The beads were characterized by FTIR, thermal properties, with respect to their size, shape, larvicide loading, swelling, and in vitro and in vivo release kinetics. Results showed that beads with ALG:Cz =1:1 relative ratio showed higher loading and encapsulation efficiency, although presenting a faster release kinetics. On the other hand, ALG beads coated with GC showed Q values from 10 to 12, representing a significant increase in the hydrophilic character of the matrix. Infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis confirmed the

Öğretmen Adaylarının “Matematik Öğretmeni”, “Matematik” ve “Matematik Dersi” Kavramlarına İlişkin Sahip Oldukları Metaforik Algılar

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Baki ŞAHİN

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Bu araştırmanın amacı Muğla Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesinde okuyan öğretmen adaylarının “Matematik Öğretmeni”, Matematik” ve “Matematik” dersi kavramlarına yönelik algılarını oluşturan metaforları belirlemektir. Araştırmaya anket maddelerinin oluşturulma sürecinde iki branştan toplam  76 ve oluşturulan anket maddelerini cevaplandırmak için de  dokuz farklı branştan toplam 1185 öğretmen adayı katılmıştır. Araştırmada nitel ve nicel ölçme araçları kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre üç kavramda da öğrencilerin algılarının branşlara göre farklılaştığı görülmüştür. “Matematik Öğretmeni” kavramı en çok “Bilgili” ve “Otoriter” metaforlarıyla algılanmaktadır. “Matematik Öğretmeni” kavramı, ilköğretim matematik öğretmeni ve lise matematik öğretmeni olarak iki farklı şekilde düşünüldüğünde, algılanan metaforların da değiştiği fark edilmiştir. “Matematik” kavramı “Zeka”, “Zevkli”, “Gerekli”, “Yetenek”, “Zor”, “Başarı” metaforlarıyla ilişkilendirilmiştir. En az tercih edilen metaforlar ise, “Gereksiz”, “Kolay” ve “Otorite” olmuştur. Matematik Derslerini algılama metaforları açısından anabilim dalları öğrencilerinin üç gruba ayrıldığını göstermektedir. Fen, Sınıf ve Okul Öncesi Öğretmenli öğrencileri “Matematik Dersi” kavramını olumlu metaforlarla ilişkilendirmekte; Almanca, İngilizce ve Türkçe Öğretmenliği öğrencileri kısmen olumlu, özellikle lise yıllarında olumsuz algı oluştururken;  Müzik, Resim ve Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenliği öğrencileri en olumsuz, özellikle de lise yıllarında matematik dersini olumsuz algılamışlardır.

Diffusion, swelling, cross linkage study and mechanical properties of ZnO doped PVA/NaAlg blend polymer nanocomposite

Science.gov (United States)

Guruswamy, B.; Ravindrachary, V.; Shruthi, C.; Hegde, Shreedatta; Sagar, Rohan N.

2018-04-01

ZnO nano particles were synthesized using a chemical precipitation method. Pure and ZnO nano particle doped PVA-NaAlg blend composite films were prepared using solution casing method. Structural information of these composites was studied using FTIR. Diffusion kinetics of these polymer blend composite were studied using Flory-Huggins theory. Using these diffusion studies, cross-linking density and swelling properties of the films were analyzed. Mechanical properties of these composite are also studied.

Eléments de mathématique topologie algébrique

CERN Document Server

Bourbaki, Nicolas

2016-01-01

Ce livre des Éléments de mathématique est consacré à la Topologie algébrique. Les quatre premiers chapitres présentent la théorie des revêtements d'un espace topologique et du groupe de Poincaré. On construit le revêtement universel d'un espace connexe pointé délaçable et on établit l'équivalence de catégories entre revêtements de cet espace et actions du groupe de Poincaré. On démontre une version générale du théorème de van Kampen exprimant le groupoïde de Poincaré d'un espace topologique comme un coégalisateur de diagrammes de groupoïdes. Dans de nombreuses situations géométriques, on en déduit une présentation explicite du groupe de Poincaré. .

Geleneksel Mağazalar ile İnternetten Alışverişte Değer Algısı ve Satınalma Niyeti: Bir Karşılaştırma

OpenAIRE

Kaya, İsmail; Özen, Hilal

2012-01-01

ÖzetGünümüzde geleneksel dağıtım kanalları, internetten alışverişin getirdiği bazı tehditlerle karşı karşıya görünmektedirler. Müşterilerin değer algılarının bu iki kanal arasında anlamlı derecede farklılık gösterebilme ihtimali, tüketicilerin alışverişlerini birinden diğerine kaydırma ihtimalini de beraberinde getirmektedir. Temelde, geleneksel mağazalar ve sanal mağazaların tüketicilerinin değer algılamaları itibariyle ele alındığı bu çalışmada, özelde, değer algılamasının satın alma niyeti...

Ergenlerde parasosyal etkileşim: İnternette gerçek benlik, kendilik algısı ve sosyal kaygı arasındaki ilişkiler

OpenAIRE

AYTULUN, Gözde

2015-01-01

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, ergenlik dönemindeki seyircilerin dizikarakterleriyle geliştirdikleri parasosyal etkileşim ile internette gerçek benlik,kendilik algısı ve sosyal kaygı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Bu çalışmada,cinsiyet ve yaşlarına göre sınıflandırılan bireyler, parasosyal etkileşim, internettegerçek benlik, kendilik algısı ve sosyal kaygı değişkenlerinden aldıkları puanlaraçısından da karşılaştırılmışlardır. Son olarak da, parasosyal etkileşimle ilişkili olanve paras...

Effects of (Al,Ge) double doping on the thermoelectric properties of higher manganese silicides

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chen, Xi; Salta, Daniel; Zhang, Libin [Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 (United States); Weathers, Annie [Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 (United States); Zhou, Jianshi; Goodenough, John B.; Shi, Li [Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 (United States); Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 (United States)

2013-11-07

Experiments and analysis have been carried out to investigate the effects of Al and (Al,Ge) doping on the microstructure and thermoelectric properties of polycrystalline higher manganese silicide (HMS) samples, which were prepared by solid-state reaction, ball milling, and followed by spark plasma sintering. It has been found that Al doping effectively increases the hole concentration, which leads to an increase in the electrical conductivity and power factor. By introducing the second dopant Ge into Al-doped HMS, the electrical conductivity is increased, and the Seebeck coefficient is decreased as a result of further increased hole concentration. The peak power factor is found to occur at a hole concentration between 1.8 × 10{sup 21} and 2.2 × 10{sup 21} cm{sup −3} measured at room temperature. The (Al,Ge)-doped HMS samples show lower power factors owing to their higher hole concentrations. The mobility of Mn(Al{sub 0.0035}Ge{sub y}Si{sub 0.9965-y}){sub 1.8} with y = 0.035 varies approximately as T{sup −3/2} above 200 K, suggesting acoustic phonon scattering is the dominant scattering mechanism. The thermal conductivity of HMS does not change appreciably by Al or (Al,Ge) doping. The maximum ZT of (Al,Ge)-doped HMS is 0.57 at 823 K, which is similar to the highest value found in the Al-doped HMS samples. The ZT values were reduced in the Mn(Al{sub 0.0035}Ge{sub y}Si{sub 0.9965-y}){sub 1.8} samples with high Ge concentration of y = 0.025 and 0.035, because of reduced power factor. In addition, a two-band model was employed to show that the hole contribution to the thermal conductivity dominates the bipolar and electron contributions for all samples from 300 to 823 K and accounts for about 12% of the total thermal conductivity at about 800 K.

Effects of (Al,Ge) double doping on the thermoelectric properties of higher manganese silicides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen, Xi; Salta, Daniel; Zhang, Libin; Weathers, Annie; Zhou, Jianshi; Goodenough, John B.; Shi, Li

2013-01-01

Experiments and analysis have been carried out to investigate the effects of Al and (Al,Ge) doping on the microstructure and thermoelectric properties of polycrystalline higher manganese silicide (HMS) samples, which were prepared by solid-state reaction, ball milling, and followed by spark plasma sintering. It has been found that Al doping effectively increases the hole concentration, which leads to an increase in the electrical conductivity and power factor. By introducing the second dopant Ge into Al-doped HMS, the electrical conductivity is increased, and the Seebeck coefficient is decreased as a result of further increased hole concentration. The peak power factor is found to occur at a hole concentration between 1.8 × 10 21 and 2.2 × 10 21  cm −3 measured at room temperature. The (Al,Ge)-doped HMS samples show lower power factors owing to their higher hole concentrations. The mobility of Mn(Al 0.0035 Ge y Si 0.9965-y ) 1.8 with y = 0.035 varies approximately as T −3/2 above 200 K, suggesting acoustic phonon scattering is the dominant scattering mechanism. The thermal conductivity of HMS does not change appreciably by Al or (Al,Ge) doping. The maximum ZT of (Al,Ge)-doped HMS is 0.57 at 823 K, which is similar to the highest value found in the Al-doped HMS samples. The ZT values were reduced in the Mn(Al 0.0035 Ge y Si 0.9965-y ) 1.8 samples with high Ge concentration of y = 0.025 and 0.035, because of reduced power factor. In addition, a two-band model was employed to show that the hole contribution to the thermal conductivity dominates the bipolar and electron contributions for all samples from 300 to 823 K and accounts for about 12% of the total thermal conductivity at about 800 K

Tentative d'évaluation du systéme d'information marketing au niveau des banques publiques Algériennes

OpenAIRE

Hassaine-kazi-tani, Amel

2014-01-01

Le premier chapitre présente les fondements théoriques relatifs au marketing, marketing des services et notamment le marketing bancaire.dans le deuxiéme chapitre seront développées les notions de base du concept d'information et celui de systéme d'information et puis le systéme d'information marketing.le troisiéme chapitre pratique présente une étude de cas auprés des banques publiques Algériennes.

Le traitement de la variation linguistique dans les travaux universitaires sur les langues pratiquées en Algérie : Cas de quelques positions de recherche

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chachou Ibtissem

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Notre contribution porte sur les dynamiques de recherche sur la question de la variation (ou leur absence par rapport aux langues pratiquées en Algérie. Ces langues sont l’arabe algérien, le français, les langues berbères et l’arabe institutionnel, et ce dans les domaines formels et informels. Notre corpus renferme un échantillon représentatif des écrits portant sur des pratiques plurilingues et/ ou les théorisant, lesquelles pratiques sont saisies et analysées des points de vue sociolinguistique et sociodidactique. Ces écrits/résultats sont l’oeuvre de chercheurs algériens dont les travaux sont repris par les jeunes chercheurs notamment et qui leur servent souvent de références et d’appuis théoriques. Nous tenterons à travers cette contribution, autant que faire se peut, de dégager ces positionnements théoriques, d’en interroger les soubassements d’ordre épistémique et d’identifier clairement les orientations, les priorités et les attentes pour la recherche en didactique et en sociolinguistique. Il s’agira notamment de mesurer leur apport pour la recherche dans le domaine des sciences du langage, leur pertinence ainsi que leur utilité, mais d’observer également ce qui peut handicaper la réflexion sur des questions aussi sensibles tant elles sont innervées par des considérations idéologiques dont le linguiste n’échappe pas toujours.

Pratiques alimentaires des diabétiques. Étude de quelques cas à Oran (Algérie)

OpenAIRE

Salemi, Ouassila

2012-01-01

Cette étude a été menée à Oran (Algérie). Elle tente d’appréhender les enjeux liés au suivi du régime alimentaire. Il s’agit de montrer toute la complexité des pratiques alimentaires auxquelles sont confrontés les diabétiques, de saisir de l’intérieur leurs logiques et les motivations qui président au suivi ou non du régime alimentaire. Il en ressort que l’adoption ou non du régime alimentaire ne dépend pas uniquement de la volonté du diabétique. Il ne s’agit pas simplement d’ordonner l’appli...

Kötü Niyetli Yönetim Algılamasının Çalışanların Performansları Üzerindeki Etkisinde Duygusal Zekânın Rolü

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mahmut ÖZDEVECİOĞLU

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Çalışanların kötü niyetli yönetim algılamalarının onların performansları üzerindeki etkisini ve bu etkide duygusal zekâlarının rolünü ele alan bu çalışma Kırşehir’de 353 kamu memuru ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada performans, bağlamsal ve görev olmak üzere iki boyutta ele alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda duygusal zekânın, kötü niyetli yönetim algılamasının çalışanların performansları üzerindeki olumsuz etkisini azalttığı veya tamamen ortadan kaldırdığı belirlenmiştir. Bu temel sonuçla birlikte, duygusal zekânın bağlamsal ve görev performansı ile pozitif yönlü ilişkiye sahip olduğu, kötü niyetli yönetim algılaması ile bağlamsal ve görev performansı arasında negatif yönlü ilişki olduğu ve iki performans arasında anlamlı pozitif yönlü bir ilişki bulunduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmada ulaşılan bir diğer önemli sonuç ise, duygusal zekâ ile kötü niyetli yönetim algılaması arasındaki negatif yönlü ilişkidir.

Otel İşletmelerinde Müşteri Şikayetlerinin Değerlendirilmesi ve Hizmet Kalitesi Algısının Müşteri Sadakati Üzerine Etkisi

OpenAIRE

KILIÇ, Burhan; OK, Serap; SOP, Serhat Adem

2013-01-01

Hizmet işletmeleri sürekli değişim gösteren çevre şartlarına ve müşteri beklentilerine uyum sağlayabildiği sürece rekabet edebilirliğini korumaktadır.Sunduğu hizmet ile müşterilerini tatmin edemeyen bir işletmede, müşteri şikayetlerinin olduğu ve hizmetin kalitesine yönelik olumsuz algıların ortaya çıktığı gözlenmektedir. Dolayısıyla, işletmelerin şikayetleri değerlendirmeye alması, çözümler üretmeye dönük çabalarda bulunması müşterilerin hizmet kalitesi algısı düzeyini olumlu yönde arttırmas...

Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk Algısının İş Tatmini ve Örgütsel Bağlılık Üzerindeki Etkisi

OpenAIRE

TUZCU, Arcan

2014-01-01

Günümüzde şirketlerin sorumlulukları ekonomik ve yasal olduğu kadar ahlaki ve kamusal temellere de dayanmaktadır. Kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk uygulamaları örgütlerin en önemli paydaşlarından biri olan çalışanları da etkilemektedir. Bu uygulamalar çalışanların örgütsel bağlılık ve iş tatminlerini etkileyebilmektedir. Bu çalışma çalışanların kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk algısını ve bu algının çalışanların iş tatmini ve örgütsel bağlılık etkilerini araştırmaktadır. Bu amaçla çalışanların cinsiyeti,...

Enhanced citric acid production in aspergillus with inactivated asparagine-linked glycosylation protein 3 (ALG3), and/or increased laeA expression

Science.gov (United States)

Dai, Ziyu; Baker, Scott E.

2015-12-08

Provided herein are fungi, such as Aspergillus niger, having a dolichyl-P-Man:Man(5)GlcNAc(2)-PP-dolichyl mannosyltransferase (Alg3) gene genetic inactivation, increased expression of a loss of aflR expression A (Lae), or both. In some examples, such mutants have several phenotypes, including an increased production of citric acid relative to the parental strain. Methods of using the disclosed fungi to make citric acid are also provided, as are compositions and kits including the disclosed fungi.

Modélisation d'un système de séchage solaire du tabac en Algérie

OpenAIRE

Benaouda , Nour-Eddine; Belhamel , Maiouf

2007-01-01

International audience; L'étude a porté sur la contribution théorique du bilan d'énergie d'un système de séchage convectif des produits en feuilles. Dans ce travail, nous nous intéressons aux aspects énergétiques d'un système solaire de séchage. Le but visé par ce présent travail est l'étude de l'influence des différents paramètres entrant en jeu dans le séchage du tabac par voie solaire en Algérie.

İlköğretim Okulu Öğrencilerinin Okul İklimine İlişkin Algılarını Yordayan Değişkenlerin İncelenmesi

OpenAIRE

ÖZDEMİR, SERVET; SEZGİN, FERUDUN; ŞİRİN, HÜSEYİN; KARİP, EMİN; ERKAN, SERDAR

2010-01-01

Bu çalışmada, ilköğretim okulu öğrencilerinin okul iklimine ilişkin algılarını yordayan değişkenlerincelenmiştir. Araştırmada; Afyon, Gümüşhane, Kocaeli, Konya, Mersin, Van ve Yozgat illerinden toplam 683 ilköğretimokulu öğrencisine “Okul İklimi Öğrenci Ölçeği” ve “Okul Atmosferi Ölçeği” uygulanarak elde edilen veriler kullanılmıştır.Çoklu hiyerarşik regresyon analizi sonuçları, kız öğrencilerin öğrenim gördükleri okulların iklimini erkek öğrencilere göredaha olumlu algıladıklarını göstermişt...

İlk Kez “Seyir” Dersine Giren Öğrencilerin Derse Yönelik Algıları Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Uygulaması

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Barış Kuleyin

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Deniz Ulaştırma İşletme Mühendisliği bölümünde verilen “Seyir” dersi, uzakyol vardiya zabitliği eğitimi için en temel ve önemli derslerden birisidir. Çalışmanın amacı, seyir dersine ilk kez giren öğrencilerin dersle ilgili dönem başı ve dönem sonundaki olası algı farklılıklarını ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaca yönelik olarak, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi (DEÜ Denizcilik Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören ve seyir dersine ilk kez giren 61 öğrenciye, dönem başında ve dönem sonunda olmak üzere iki defa Geiger ve Ogilby (2000 tarafından geliştirilmiş olan bir anket formu uygulanmıştır. Söz konusu anket, şu sorulara cevap aramaktadır: 1 Öğrencilerin seyir dersine yönelik dönem başı algıları öğrencilerin memleketleri ve başarı düzeylerine göre farklılık gösteriyor mu? 2 Öğrencilerin seyir dersine yönelik dönem sonu algıları öğrencilerin memleketleri ve başarı düzeylerine göre farklılık gösteriyor mu? 3 Seyir dersine yönelik olarak öğrencilerin algısında eğitim periyodu sonunda bir değişiklik meydana gelmiş midir? Anket verilerinin analizinde SPSS 20 paket programı ve bağımsız t-testi yöntemi kullanılmıştır.

Halkın Genetiği Değiştirilmiş Ürünlere/Üretilme Süreçlerine Yönelik Algıları ve Etik İnançları

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Özlen Özgen

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Bu araştırmanın amacı, halkın genetiği değiştirilmiş ürünlere ve üretilme süreçlerine yönelik fayda/risk algıları ile etik inançları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma materyalinin toplanmasında karşılıklı görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Likert tipi cümlelere verilen yanıtlar puanlanmış, geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizi yapılmıştır. Yaş değişkenine bağlı farklılığın belirlenebilmesi için t-testi uygulanmıştır. Bireylerin genetiği değiştirilmiş ürünlere/üretilme süreçlerine bağlı fayda/risk algıları ile etik inançları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacı ile Pearson korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular; tüketicilerin genetiği değiştirilmiş ürünlere ilişkin fayda algılarının, genetiği değiştirilmiş ürünlere ve üretilme süreçlerine ilişkin risk algılarının, genetiği değiştirilmiş ürünlere ve üretilme süreçlerine ilişkin etik inançlarının yaşa bağlı olarak değiştiğini göstermektedir. Pearson korelasyon analizi sonucunda p<0.001 düzeyinde anlamlı ilişkiler saptanmıştır.

Contribution à une étude phytoécologiques des groupements à Tetraclinis articulata du littoral de Honaine (Algérie occidentale).

OpenAIRE

CHERIF, ISMAHENE

2012-01-01

La zone sur laquelle porte notre contribution est localisées dans la partie occidentale du Nord-Ouest Algérien, elle fait partie intégrante des monts des Traras. Cette étude est consacrée à l’analyse phytoécologique des groupements à Tetraclinis articulata du littoral de Honaine. L’étude bioclimatique a révélé un décalage de certaines stations météorologiques, vers des ambiances plus sèches sur le climagramme pluviothermique d’Emberger, témoignant ainsi une tendance générale à ...

La Modernité du modèle de consommation alimentaire Méditerranéen : cas de l’Algérie

OpenAIRE

CHIKHI, Kamel

2015-01-01

Cette thèse porte sur la modernité des modèles de consommation en méditerranée. Le type de recherche est une synthèse et analyse du cas Algérien. Une revue de littérature à été réalisée sur la modernité alimentaire et les approches conceptuelles de la consommation alimentaire. Elle nous à permis de ressortir les principaux déterminants de la modernité. L’analyse des enquêtes nationales sur les évolutions globales de long terme nous ont aidées à montrer les mutations de l’environne...

Caractérisation de l’huile d’argan algérienne (région de Tindouf et étude de ses activités antioxydantes et antimicrobiennes en comparaison avec une huile marocaine [Characterization of Algerian argan oil (Tindouf region and study of its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in comparison with a Moroccan oil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohamed SA. KECHEBAR

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Résumé Introduction. L’huile d’argan algérienne, provenant de la région de Tindouf (Extrême sud-ouest algérien, est une huile non valorisée jusqu’à l’heure actuelle. Objectif. L’huile d’argan algérienne extraite par méthode traditionnelle est comparée avec l’huile d’argan marocaine, obtenue par presse mécanique, dans le but d’étudier ses qualités pour une éventuelle valorisation. Matériels et méthodes. Les caractéristiques physico-chimiques, la composition en acides gras (AG et en stérols sont déterminées, puis les activités antioxydantes et antimicrobiennes des fractions saponifiable et insaponifiable sont étudiées. Résultats. L’huile algérienne est une huile vierge fine, très riche en acide linoléique (35% pour l’huile algérienne et 28% pour l’huile marocaine et β-sitostérol (64% pour l’huile algérienne et 59% pour l’huile marocaine, caractérisée par une faible teneur en chlorophylles (1,3 et 1,8 mg phéophytine/kg d’huile respectivement pour l’huile algérienne et celle marocaine et un faible coefficient d’extinction spécifique (K232=1,15 pour l’huile algérienne et 2,34 pour l’huile marocaine. Les résultats des activités antioxydantes ont montré que la fraction insaponifiable pour les deux huiles est plus active, notamment contre le radical DPPH et le blanchiment de la β-carotène. Quant à l’activité antibactérienne, l’huile marocaine a révélé une activité contre trois bactéries et l’huile algérienne contre un champignon. Conclusion. Il convient de considérer l’huile d’argan artisanale algérienne, non encore valorisée, comme une huile prometteuse tout comme l’huile industrielle marocaine. [Abstract. Introduction. Algerian argan oil, from the region of Tindouf (far south-west of Algeria, is an oil that has not been upgraded until now. Objective. The Algerian argan oil extracted by traditional method was compared with a Moroccan oil obtained by

La problématique de la communication bancaire en Algérie Etude de cas :la La BADR,LA BEA, le CPA

OpenAIRE

Hadj-slimane, mohamed Nadir

2014-01-01

La première partie comportant trois chapitre est consacré à la présentation dans le premier chapitre l’évolution historique du système bancaire Algérien , ensuite le deuxième traite le marketing et ses différents types et le troisième chapitre est consacré à la communication d’une façon globale. La deuxième partie présente une étude empirique comporte deux questionnaires adressé au personnel des directions de la communication et de du marketing des banques à Alger, et l’autre au clientèle....

Les écritures féminines de la guerre d’Algérie : L’exemple de Maïssa Bey

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Khédidja Mokaddem

2009-03-01

Full Text Available L'histoire de la guerre d'Algérie que l'on ne peut pas encore mettre à distance, parce que les acteurs et les témoins sont encore là, ils sont porteurs de la mémoire et ils peuvent raconter, témoigner, cette histoire est encore prisonnière de passions encore vivaces, douloureuses le plus souvent. Cette histoire, suspecte de partialité parce qu'elle ne peut occulter les affects, beaucoup d'auteurs ont voulu la restituer, certains dans le cadre du simple témoignage, d'autres pour alimenter des récits « en contexte », nourris de souvenirs personnels ou d'autres récits.

Le rôle de l'audit interne dans l'amélioration de la gouvernance d'entreprise cas entreprises Algériennes

OpenAIRE

ZIANI, Abdelhak

2014-01-01

Suite aux scandales financiers qui ont touché les Etats-Unis, l’Europe et le Japon, l’audit interne est devenu un outil incontournable dans le système de la gouvernance d’entreprise. En effet, il est considéré comme l’un des principaux acteurs de ce système. L’Algérie, comme d’autres pays, a connu ces dernières années, une large diffusion de corruption et fraude, ce qui a conduit les entreprises à donner plus d’importance et de considération à l’audit interne afin de diminuer les ...

Simplificação de frações aritméticas e algébricas: um diagnóstico comparativo dos procedimentos

OpenAIRE

Notari, Alexandre Marques

2002-01-01

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo obter um diagnóstico sistemático dos principais erros e dificuldades manifestados por alunos do Ensino Fundamental e do Ensino Médio na simplificação de frações aritméticas e algébricas. Foram selecionadas, para a investigação, uma 8ª série do Ensino Fundamental e uma 1ª série do Ensino Médio de duas escolas públicas da Região Oeste, da cidade de São Paulo. Assumimos como referencial teórico os advindos de pesquisas em que a Álgebra, nesses nívei...

Hizmet Öncesi ve İçi İngilizce Öğretmenlerinin Özyeterlik Algıları ve Öğretmeye Yönelik Endişeleri

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Demet Yaylı

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışma hizmet öncesi ve hizmet içi İngilizce öğretmenlerinin özyeterlik algılarını, öğretmeye yönelik endişelerini ve endişe ve özyeterlik ölçeklerinin alt boyutlarından elde edilen bulguların kendi içlerinde ve birbirleriyle olan ilişkilerini incelemiştir. Bu amaçla, Öğretmen Özyeterlik Ölçeği ve Öğretmeye Yönelik Endişeler Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Öncelikle, hizmet içi İngilizce öğretmenlerinin özyeterlik algısı daha yüksek gözlenirken, hizmet öncesi İngilizce öğretmenlerinin ise endişe düzeyi daha yüksek olarak izlenmiştir. Ayrıca, hem hizmet öncesi hem de hizmet içi İngilizce öğretmenlerinden elde edilen özyeterlik ve endişe ölçeklerinin alt boyutlarında gözlenen bulgular kendi içinde karşılaştırıldığında olumlu yönde güçlü bir ilişki ortaya koymaktadır. Diğer bir deyişle, özyeterlik alt boyutlarından birinde gözlenecek bir artış başka bir alt boyutta da artışa neden olabilecektir. Son olarak, bu alt boyutlardan elde edilen bulgular endişe ve özyeterlik olarak birbirleriyle karşılaştırıldığında ise olumsuz yönde dengeli bir ilişki gözlenmiştir. Bu da öğretmenin özyeterlik algısının yüksek olmasının endişe düzeyinin düşük olmasını beraberinde getireceği şeklinde yorumlanabilir

Editorial Retour sur le 2ème Congrès International de la Société Algérienne de Nutrition ème [Return on the 2th International Congress of the Algerian Society of Nutrition

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Malika BOUCHENAK

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Le 2ème Congrès International de la Société Algérienne de Nutrition s'est tenu à Alger, du 13 au 15 octobre 2015. Il a connu un succès encore plus important que la 1 édition, avec plus de 350 congressistes venus de différentes régions d'Algérie, du Maghreb et d'Europe. La thématique principale portait sur l'Alimentation Méditerranéenne et la Santé ainsi que la valorisation des produits méditerranéens, D'autres aspects ont été abordés tels que l'alimentation, la nutrition et la santé, les physiopathologies métaboliques et nutritionnelles dont les maladies non transmissibles, les composés bioactifs et la santé et la phytothérapie et la santé.

Yaygın Gelişimsel Bozukluk Tanılı Çocukların Anne-Babalarının Yas Tepkilerinin, Evlilik Uyumlarının ve Sosyal Destek Algılarının Đncelenmesi

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Deniz Karpat

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışma, yaygın gelişimsel bozukluk tanılı çocukların anne babalarının bu tanı nedeniyle yaşadıkları yas sürecini, evlilik uyumlarını ve algıladıkları sosyal desteği etkileyen faktörleri incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, 3-18 yaş aralığında yaygın gelişimsel bozukluk (YGB tanılı çocuğu olan gönüllü 103 anne-babaya uygulanan Hogan Yas Tepkileri Tarama Listesi, Çiftler Uyum Ölçeği, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Yaş, evlilik uyumu ve algılanan sosyal desteğin çeşitli demografik değişkenler açısından farklılaştığı bulunmuştur. YGB tanılı çocukların anne-babalarında yasın olumsuz yanını yordayan değişkenlerin annebabaların cinsiyet ve eğitim düzeyi, evlilik süresi, özel insan kategorisinden algılanan sosyal destek, arkadaş kategorisinden algılanan sosyal destek ve çift bağlılığı olduğu görülmüştür. Yasın olumlu yanını yordayan değişkenlerin ise anne-babanın cinsiyeti ve eğitim düzeyi, tanıdan sonra geçen süre ve çift uyumu olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar ilgili alanyazın verileri ışığında tartışılmıştır. The aim of this study is to examine the factors effecting grief, marital adjustment and social support and relationship between grief, marital adjustment and social support of the parents of children with pervasive development disorder. Hogan Grief Reaction Checklist, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Dyadic Adjustment Scale and Personal Information Form which was developed by the researcher were used for this purpose. The sample of the study consists of 103 parents of the children between 3 and 18 years old with PDD. The results showed that the grief, marital adjustment and social support differentiated among the demographic variables. The variables that predict the grief of the parents of the children with PDD in a negative

Valoración de la sobrecarga en el cuidador del paciente con algún grado de dependencia hospitalizado en el servicio de neurocirugía del hospital universitario Erasmo Meoz entre octubre y noviembre del año 2005

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Johanna Gallo

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Con el propósito de Valorar la Sobrecarga en el cuidador del paciente con algún grado de dependencia hospitalizado en el Servicio de Neurocirugía del Hospital Universitario Erasmo Meoz (HUEM, durante el periodo comprendido entre octubre a noviembre del año 2005 se desarrolló el presente estudio de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo y de corte transversal. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por 22 cuidadores de los pacientes con algún grado de dependencia atendidos en el servicio de neurocirugía del Hospital Universitario Erasmo Meoz, de los cuales la muestra estuvo constituida por 13 cuidadores que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. En el cual se aplico el instrumento el índice de Barthel para la caracterización de los pacientes de acuerdo a la edad, sexo, diagnostico medico, régimen de salud y valoración del grado de dependencia; así mismo se aplicó el instrumento escala de Zarit para la caracterización de los cuidadores de acuerdo a la edad, sexo, escolaridad, parentesco, estado laboral actual, horas del cuidado al día. Se observó que el perfil característico del paciente es una mujer de 46 años o más; vinculado y con diagnóstico médico de Lesión Ocupando Espacio (LOE o Trauma Craneoencefalico (TCE. El nivel de dependencia más frecuente fue la dependencia total seguido por la dependencia grave. El cuidador es por lo regular, una mujer de 36 a 45 años, con algún grado de estudio, sin empleo actual que cuida más de seis horas diarias al paciente que por lo general es un familiar directo.

Role of the Escherichia coli glnALG operon in regulation of ammonium transport

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jayakuman, A.; Schulman, I.; MacNeil, D.; Barnes, E.M. Jr.

1986-01-01

Escherichia coli expresses a specific ammonium (methylammonium) transport system (Amt) when cultured with glutamate or glutamine as the nitrogen source. Over 95% of this Amt activity is repressed by growth of wild-type cells on media containing ammonia. The control of Amt expression was studied with strains containing specific mutations in the glnALG operon. GlnA - (glutamine synthetase deficient) mutants, which contain polar mutations on glnL and glnG genes and therefore have the Reg - phenotype (fail to turn on nitrogen-regulated operons such as histidase), expressed less than 10% of the Amt activity observed for the parental strain. Similarly, low levels of Amt were found in GlnG mutants having the GlnA + Reg - phenotype. However, GlnA - RegC mutants (a phenotype constitutive for histidase) contained over 70% of the parental Amt activity. At steady-state levels, GlnA - RegC mutants accumulated chemically unaltered [ 14 C]methylammonium against a 60- to 80-fold concentration gradient, whereas the labeled substrate was trapped within parental cells as γ-glutamylmethylamide. GlnL Reg - mutants (normal glutamine synthetase regulation) had less than 4% of the Amt activity observed for the parental strain. However, the Amt activity of GlnL RegC mutants was slightly higher than that of the parental strain and was not repressed during growth of cells in media containing ammonia. These findings demonstrate that glutamine synthetase is not required for Amt in E. coli. The loss of Amt in certain GlnA - strains is due to polar effects on glnL nd glnG genes, whose products are involved in expression of nitrogen-regulated genes, including that for Amt

’Itinéraires de la faim’ des migrants subsahariens expulsés d’Algérie au Mali Organizing survival among sub-Saharan migrants expelled from Algeria to Mali

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Clara Lecadet

2010-12-01

Full Text Available En Algérie, l’expulsion des migrants d’origine subsaharienne vers la frontière Nord du Mali est devenue depuis le début des années 2000 un processus régulier. Rationnement alimentaire drastique dans les prisons algériennes, angoisse vitale dans les ghettos organisés en micro-communautés nationales aux abords de la frontière, leitmotiv de l’aide d’urgence : la faim constitue une caractéristique majeure de l’expérience vécue par les expulsés. Elle est à la fois une violence intime, une donnée politique, un motif d’intervention humanitaire. On parlera ainsi d’itinéraires de la faim pour appréhender le processus de l’expulsion et les parcours erratiques de l’après-expulsion : ils sont ici envisagés à la fois du point de vue du dispositif étatique algérien qui en porte la responsabilité et des contre-dispositifs précaires mis en œuvre par les expulsés pour survivre. Les expulsés auto-organisés, les associations d’expulsés, l’intervention ponctuelle des ONG, tentent en effet de faire face aux expulsions par des formes de regroupement, d’accueil et de restauration atypiques dans un contexte d’abandon et de dénuement radical.Since the beginning of the century the expulsion of sub-Saharan migrants from Algeria to the Northern Malian border has become a regular event. Hunger is the main aspect of expelled migrant life, caused by poor rations in Algerian jails, daily fear in the ghettos organized into national micro-communities on the border and the limited supply of emergency aid. Hunger is simultaneously a primal suffering, a political issue and an argument for humanitarian aid. We describe the process of expulsion and the erratic journey of migrants after deportation as itineraries of hunger. These itineraries are considered from two points of view; the state processes involved in these collective deportations and the precarious strategies invented by expelled migrants to survive. A combination

Deglycosylation systematically improves N-glycoprotein identification in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry proteomics for analysis of cell wall stress responses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking Alg3p.

Science.gov (United States)

Bailey, Ulla-Maja; Schulz, Benjamin L

2013-04-01

Post-translational modification of proteins with glycosylation is of key importance in many biological systems in eukaryotes, influencing fundamental biological processes and regulating protein function. Changes in glycosylation are therefore of interest in understanding these processes and are also useful as clinical biomarkers of disease. The presence of glycosylation can also inhibit protease digestion and lower the quality and confidence of protein identification by mass spectrometry. While deglycosylation can improve the efficiency of subsequent protease digest and increase protein coverage, this step is often excluded from proteomic workflows. Here, we performed a systematic analysis that showed that deglycosylation with peptide-N-glycosidase F (PNGase F) prior to protease digestion with AspN or trypsin improved the quality of identification of the yeast cell wall proteome. The improvement in the confidence of identification of glycoproteins following PNGase F deglycosylation correlated with a higher density of glycosylation sites. Optimal identification across the proteome was achieved with PNGase F deglycosylation and complementary proteolysis with either AspN or trypsin. We used this combination of deglycosylation and complementary protease digest to identify changes in the yeast cell wall proteome caused by lack of the Alg3p protein, a key component of the biosynthetic pathway of protein N-glycosylation. The cell wall of yeast lacking Alg3p showed specifically increased levels of Cis3p, a protein important for cell wall integrity. Our results showed that deglycosylation prior to protease digestion improved the quality of proteomic analyses even if protein glycosylation is not of direct relevance to the study at hand. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Mixed convection flow of sodium alginate (SA-NaAlg) based molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) nanofluids: Maxwell Garnetts and Brinkman models

Science.gov (United States)

Ahmed, Tarek Nabil; Khan, Ilyas

2018-03-01

This article aims to study the mixed convection heat transfer in non-Newtonian nanofluids over an infinite vertical plate. Mixed convection is caused due to buoyancy force and sudden plate motion. Sodium alginate (SA-NaAlg) is considered as non-Newtonian base fluid and molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) as nanoparticles are suspended in it. The effective thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluid are calculated using the Maxwell-Garnetts (MG) and Brinkman models, respectively. The flow is modeled in the form of partial differential equations with imposed physical conditions. Exact solutions for velocity and temperature fields are developed by means of the Laplace transform technique. Numerical computations are performed for different governing parameters such as non-Newtonian parameter, Grashof number and nanoparticle volume fraction and the results are plotted in various graphs. Results for skin friction and Nusselt number are presented in tabular form which show that increasing nanoparticle volume fraction leads to heat transfer enhancement and increasing skin friction.

Kadın Çalışanların Yöneticilere İlişkin Algıları: Bir Alan Çalışması

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İsmail BAKAN

2013-09-01

Full Text Available İşletmelerde yönetim kademesinde yer alan kişilerin ne tür bir liderlik tarzına sahip oldukları çalışanların davranışları ve işletmeye ilişkin tutumları üzerinde önemli etkiye sahiptir. Bu nedenle işletmelerdeki yöneticilerin liderlik tarzlarının çalışanlar açısından nasıl algılandığının tespit edilerek ortaya konulması yöneticiler tarafından başarılı bir yönetim sergilenmesinde yol gösterici olacaktır. Literatürde liderlik tarzlarına ilişkin çeşitli ayrımlar bulunmakta olup bu çalışmada öncelikle liderlik kavramı ve liderlik tarzlarına ilişkin genel bilgiler verilerek, daha sonra otokratik, demokratik ve serbest bırakıcı liderlik tarzları açıklanacaktır. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde ise Kahramanmaraş’ta lokomotif sektör olarak görülen tekstil sektöründe, kadın çalışanların çalıştıkları işletmelerde bulunan yöneticilerin, liderlik tarzlarına ilişkin algılarını ölçmek amacıyla yapılan bir alan araştırmasına yer verilecektir.

Kamu personelinde algılanan örgütsel desteğin örgütsel bağlılık ve örgütsel özdeşleşme düzeyleri ile ilişkisini belirlemeye yönelik bir araştırma

OpenAIRE

Barutcu, Kürşad

2015-01-01

Algılanan örgütsel destek (AÖD) bireylerin örgüte olan katkılarının ne derece önemsendiği, refahlarının ne derece dikkate alındığı ve üyesi oldukları örgütlerinin kedilerini ne derece destekleyip güvende hissetmelerini sağladıklarına olan inançlarıdır. Bireylerin örgütsel destek algılarının olumlu olduğu ortamlarda bireylerin karşılık olarak bir takım olumlu tepkilerde bulunacakları literatürde yer alan birçok araştırmada ifade edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda değerlendirildiğinde örgüt...

Document de base d'un nouveau projet régional : Réduction des émissions de polluants dans le secteur du transport dans trois pays du Maghreb (Algérie, Maroc, Tunisie)

OpenAIRE

Joumard , Robert; BOUGHEDAOUI , Ménouèr

2003-01-01

présenté lors du Forum régional sur les changements climatiques, Les pays du Maghreb face aux changements climatiques : bilan et perspectives (Algérie, Maroc, Tunisie), Marrakech, 27-28 mars 2003; Pour répondre à une demande croissante de la mobilité des personnes et des marchandises, le transport routier évolue rapidement alors que les infrastructures, la réglementation et plus généralement les politiques n'intègrent guère la problématique de réduction des gaz polluants et à effet de serre, ...

Lisanslı Spor Ürünlerinin Algılanan Değer Bileşenlerinin Satın Alma Niyeti ile İlişkisi: Türkiye’nin En Büyük Üç Futbol Kulübünün İncelenmesi

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İpek KAZANÇOĞLU

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Lisanslı ürünler futbol kulüplerine hem düzenli bir gelir kaynağı, hem de taraftarlarıyla olan duygusal bağlarını geliştirme imkânı sunmaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı; taraftarların takımla özdeşleşme düzeyleri ve lisanslı ürünlerin algılanan değeri arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek, bu faktörlerin satın alma niyeti üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır. Türkiye’nin üç büyük futbol kulübünün taraftarlarından toplam 953 kişiyle anket çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, taraftarların takımla özdeşleşme düzeyi ile lisanslı ürünleri satın alma niyeti arasında doğrudan ilişkinin olmadığı, algılanan değerin etkisi aracılığıyla takımla özdeşleşmenin satın alma niyetine etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kulüpler temelindeki farklılıkların görülmesi için yapılan analizler, her kulüp için lisanslı ürünlerin öne çıkan algılanan değer boyutlarının farklılaştığını göstermektedir.

Y Kuşağı Turistlerin Destinasyon İmaj Algıları Üzerine Bir Araştırma A Research On Generation Y Tourists Perceptions Of Destination Image

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Aslı ALBAYRAK

2013-07-01

şağı turistlerin tatil yerlerine karar vermeleri üzerine destinasyon imajını oluşturan faktörlerin etkisini saptamak ve Y kuşağı turistlerin yapısal özellikleri ile destinasyon algıları arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyerek söz konusu kuşak için destinasyon pazarlamasına ilişkin önerilerde bulunmak amacıyla yapılmıştır.Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden anket tekniğinden yararlanılmış, İstanbul’da bu kuşağı temsil eden ve kota örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen 384 kişiyle yüz yüze anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Elde elde verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistik, t-testi ve Anova Analizi kullanılmıştır.Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre destinasyon imajı katılımcıların cinsiyetlerine, eğitim durumlarına ayrıca gelir düzeylerine göre farklılık göstermektedir. Diğer yandan, Y Kuşağı turistlerinin dinlenme, eğlenme ve yeni yerler görme isteği ile hareket ettikleri, kalite ve lüks bir tatili uygun fiyata arayan bireylerden oluştuğu söylenebilir.Turistik satın alma süreci birçok faktörün etkisiyle şekillenmektedir. Bu süreci etkileyen faktörlerden birisi de destinasyon imajıdır. En genel tanımıyla destinasyon imajı bireylerin bir yer hakkındaki genel algılarıdır ve bu algılar yaş, eğitim, gelir, kültür gibi bir çok faktörden etkilenmektedir. Geçmişte turistlerin destinasyon tercihleri ile ilgili çeşitli çalışmalar yapılmış ve bu çalışmalarda genel olarak turistlerin yaş, eğitim, kültür, gelir gibi özelliklerinin destinasyon imaj algıları üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir ancak farklı kuşakların destinasyon imaj algıları ile ilgili herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu nedenle bu çalışma sonucunda elde edilen sonuçların turizm pazarlamacılarına katkı sağlayabileceği düşünülmüştür.

L'érosion et le ruissellement des sols rouges dans les monts de Zariffet-Algérie : utilisation de simulation de pluies

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DAHMANI ABDELMADJID

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Red - soil erosion and runoff in Zariffet - Algérie Mountains: utilising rain simulation. Soil is slowly renewable resource and once lost, gives a field that will not be as productive for many years. Over time, even small soil losses accumulate to reduced returns. The results obtained by rain simulation tests show that there are relationships between the solid filler (C and runoff (Kr especially when the soil is dry. All the results obtained have shown that the intensity of runoff and erosion is c losely related to the surface states, they even related to land use, slope and rainfall. The interaction of all these parameters is the origin of the genesis of runoff inducing soil loss. In parallel to these factors studied, other factors seem to increase the soil's susceptibility to erosion in the area Zariffet: increasingly extended water deficit, management practices that no longer follow bioclimatic changing environment and especially natural fire frequency. The simulation method, very useful approach, enabled to have significant results on the behavior of the soil and the factors involved on short notice

Le rôle de l’audit interne dans le pilotage et la performance du système de contrôle interne : cas d’un échantillon d’entreprises algériennes

OpenAIRE

Chekroun, Meriem

2013-01-01

Les scandales financiers qui ont ébranlé récemment les entreprises publiques algériennes, telle que l’entreprise Sonatrach, ont mis sur le devant de la scène la nécessité de renforcer le système de contrôle interne (SCI) qui est considéré de plus en plus comme une solution à un large éventail de problèmes latents ( les problèmes d’ordre éthique,…), y compris la fonction d’audit interne ayant un rôle prépondérant dans le pilotage et la performance du SCI. Pour ce faire, l’audit ...

Assessment of algae meal as a ruminant feedstuff: Nutrient digestibility in sheep as a model species.

Science.gov (United States)

Stokes, R S; Van Emon, M L; Loy, D D; Hansen, S L

2015-11-01

Heterotrophic microalgae combined with soyhulls forms an algae meal (ALG), which contains partially deoiled microalgae (PDM; 57% DM basis) and soyhulls (43%). Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of PDM and ALG on lamb digestibility. In Exp. 1, 8 wethers (23.02 ± 0.54 kg) were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to determine the effect of the PDM portion of ALG on total tract nutrient digestibility. Diets included a soyhull-based control (CON; 53% soyhulls), 10% PDM from ALG, 20% PDM from ALG (PDM20), and 30% PDM from ALG. Dry matter and OM intake and fecal DM and OM output were similar ( ≥ 0.11) between CON- and ALG-fed lambs. Urine output linearly increased ( = 0.02) as PDM increased in diets. Dry matter, OM, NDF, and ADF digestibility linearly decreased ( digestibility did not differ ( = 0.24) between CON- and PDM-fed lambs. Nitrogen digestibility and N retention linearly decreased ( ≤ 0.05) as PDM increased in the diet. In Exp. 2, to determine the effects of ALG on diet and nutrient digestibility and N retention, 10 whiteface cross wethers (33.71 ± 0.55 kg) were used in a replicated 5 × 5 Latin square. Diets included a cracked corn-based control (CORN), 15% ALG, 30% ALG, 45% ALG (ALG45), and 60% ALG (ALG60). Dry matter and OM digestibility linearly ( Digestibility of NDF and ADF were lesser ( ≤ 0.03) for CORN-fed sheep than for ALG-fed sheep and linearly ( ≤ 0.03) increased as ALG increased in the diet. Ether extract digestibility was lesser ( = 0.002) for CORN than ALG, with a linear ( = 0.002) increase as ALG inclusion increased. There was a cubic ( = 0.03) effect for N digestibility with ALG45 and ALG60 being lesser and CORN being greater than all other treatments. Retention of N and plasma urea N concentration did not differ ( ≥ 0.22) between CORN and ALG. Nonfibrous carbohydrate digestibility linearly ( digestible than soyhulls in ruminants, and differences in N retention in Exp. 1 may suggest an effect on growth in lambs

Action de Paenibacillus polymyxa SGK2 sur quelques champignons de la fusariose du blé dur (Triticum durum en Algérie

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Lamia Lounaci

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Les tests ont porté sur l’action de P. polymyxa SGK2 à l’égard de F. graminearum, F. culmorum, F. verticillioides et M. nivale agents de la fusariose du blé dur en Algérie. La technique de confrontation directe en boîtes de Petri met en évidence une action inhibitrice caractérisée par un ralentissement de la croissance mycélienne. Après 7 jours d’incubation, un arrêt à distance des colonies du pathogène est observé. Nous étions également attachés à rechercher le (ou les moyen utilisé par P. polymyxa SGK2 pour inhiber la croissance des mycètes tests. Cette capacité naturelle agit par la synthèse d'une (ou des substance constitutive inhibitrice de la croissance des quatre champignons sur le milieu King B, d'une (ou des substance inductible inhibitrice de la croissance du F. culmorum et F. graminearum sur le même milieu, et d'une (ou des substance volatile inhibitrice de la croissance des quatre mycètes sur les milieux King B et PDA.

Le sexe des indigènes. Adolphe Kocher et la médecine légale en Algérie The Sex-Lives of Indigenous People. Adolphe Kocher and Forensic Medicine in Algeria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabien Gouriou

2011-03-01

Full Text Available En 1884, Adolphe Kocher, élève de Lacassagne, publie une thèse de médecine intitulée De la criminalité chez les Arabes au point de vue de la pratique médico-judiciaire en Algérie. Authentique traité médico-légal à destination des médecins amenés à exercer en Algérie, ce travail constitue l’une des premières études systématiques, de langue française, sur la criminalité au sein d’un peuple colonisé. Après un bref rappel du contexte de rencontre du savoir médical avec la question coloniale, puis du contexte de réception de la thèse elle-même, une lecture critique se propose dans un premier temps de discuter la manière avec laquelle cette étude de la criminalité envisage, non sans paradoxes, la question de la responsabilité pénale de « l’Arabe ». Dans un second temps, il s’agit de montrer comment celui-ci devient peu à peu une figure exemplaire du criminel, en prenant pour illustration principale la catégorie médico-légale des attentats aux mœurs. Jusqu’où soutenir l’étude d’une sexualité indigène en tant que perversion édifiante d’un standard occidental sans définitivement l’indexer à une série exclusive de variations pathologiques ?In 1884, Adolf Kocher, a student of Lacassagne, published a medical thesis entitled De la criminalité chez les Arabes au point de vue de la pratique médico-judiciaire en Algérie (On criminality among the Arabs from the perspective of medico-judicial practice in Algeria. An authentic medico-legal treatise intended for doctors posted in Algeria, this work constitutes one of the first systematic studies, in French, on criminality in a colonial context. A brief review of the context in which medical knowledge encounters the colonial question is followed by discussion of the context of the reception of the thesis.  A critical reading unfolds in two parts: first discussing the manner by which this study of criminality envisions – not without paradox �

Cloning and Expression of Three New Azotobacter vinelandii Genes Closely Related to a Previously Described Gene Family Encoding Mannuronan C-5-Epimerases

OpenAIRE

Svanem, Britt Iren Glærum; Skjåk-Bræk, Gudmund; Ertesvåg, Helga; Valla, Svein

1999-01-01

The cloning and expression of a family of five modular-type mannuronan C-5-epimerase genes from Azotobacter vinelandii (algE1 to -5) has previously been reported. The corresponding proteins catalyze the Ca2+-dependent polymer-level epimerization of β-d-mannuronic acid to α-l-guluronic acid (G) in the commercially important polysaccharide alginate. Here we report the identification of three additional structurally similar genes, designated algE6, algE7, and algY. All three genes were sequenced...

Structural basis for alginate secretion across the bacterial outer membrane

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Whitney, J.C.; Robinson, H.; Hay, I. D.; Li, C.; Eckford, P. D. W.; Amaya, M. F.; Wood, L. F.; Ohman, D. E.; Bear, C. E.; Rehm, B. H.; Howell, P. L.

2011-08-09

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the predominant pathogen associated with chronic lung infection among cystic fibrosis patients. During colonization of the lung, P. aeruginosa converts to a mucoid phenotype characterized by the overproduction of the exopolysaccharide alginate. Secretion of newly synthesized alginate across the outer membrane is believed to occur through the outer membrane protein AlgE. Here we report the 2.3 {angstrom} crystal structure of AlgE, which reveals a monomeric 18-stranded {beta}-barrel characterized by a highly electropositive pore constriction formed by an arginine-rich conduit that likely acts as a selectivity filter for the negatively charged alginate polymer. Interestingly, the pore constriction is occluded on either side by extracellular loop L2 and an unusually long periplasmic loop, T8. In halide efflux assays, deletion of loop T8 ({Delta}T8-AlgE) resulted in a threefold increase in anion flux compared to the wild-type or {Delta}L2-AlgE supporting the idea that AlgE forms a transport pathway through the membrane and suggesting that transport is regulated by T8. This model is further supported by in vivo experiments showing that complementation of an algE deletion mutant with {Delta}T8-AlgE impairs alginate production. Taken together, these studies support a mechanism for exopolysaccharide export across the outer membrane that is distinct from the Wza-mediated translocation observed in canonical capsular polysaccharide export systems.

Structural Basis for Alginate Secretion Across the Bacterial Outer Membrane

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

J Whitney; I Hay; C Li; P Eckford; H Robinson; M Amaya; L Wood; D Ohman; C Bear; et al.

2011-12-31

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the predominant pathogen associated with chronic lung infection among cystic fibrosis patients. During colonization of the lung, P. aeruginosa converts to a mucoid phenotype characterized by the overproduction of the exopolysaccharide alginate. Secretion of newly synthesized alginate across the outer membrane is believed to occur through the outer membrane protein AlgE. Here we report the 2.3 {angstrom} crystal structure of AlgE, which reveals a monomeric 18-stranded {beta}-barrel characterized by a highly electropositive pore constriction formed by an arginine-rich conduit that likely acts as a selectivity filter for the negatively charged alginate polymer. Interestingly, the pore constriction is occluded on either side by extracellular loop L2 and an unusually long periplasmic loop, T8. In halide efflux assays, deletion of loop T8 ({Delta}T8-AlgE) resulted in a threefold increase in anion flux compared to the wild-type or {Delta}L2-AlgE supporting the idea that AlgE forms a transport pathway through the membrane and suggesting that transport is regulated by T8. This model is further supported by in vivo experiments showing that complementation of an algE deletion mutant with {Delta}T8-AlgE impairs alginate production. Taken together, these studies support a mechanism for exopolysaccharide export across the outer membrane that is distinct from the Wza-mediated translocation observed in canonical capsular polysaccharide export systems.

The Drug Release Profile from Calcium-induced Alginate Gel Beads Coated with an Alginate Hydrolysate

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Susumu Kawashima

2007-11-01

Full Text Available Calcium-induced alginate gel bead (Alg-Ca coated with an alginate hydrolysate(Alg, e.g. the guluronic acid block (GB was prepared and the model drug, hydrocortisonerelease profiles were investigated under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Theirmolecular weights were one sixth or one tenth that of Alg and the diffraction patterns of thehydrolysates resembled that of Alg. The drug release rate from Alg-Ca coated with GBapparently lowered than that of Alg-Ca (coating-free in the gastric juice (pH1.2. And thecoating did not resist the disintegration of Alg-Ca in the intestinal juice (pH 6.8 and thegel erosion accelerated the drug release. On the other hand, for the coated Alg-Cacontaining chitosan, the drug release showed zero-order kinetics without rapid erosion ofAlg-Ca. The drug release rate from Alg-Ca was able to be controlled by the coating andmodifying the composition of the gel matrix.

Pathogen-Induced Changes in the Antioxidant Status of the Apoplast in Barley Leaves

Science.gov (United States)

Vanacker, Hélène; Carver, Tim L.W.; Foyer, Christine H.

1998-01-01

Leaves of two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) isolines, Alg-R, which has the dominant Mla1 allele conferring hypersensitive race-specific resistance to avirulent races of Blumeria graminis, and Alg-S, which has the recessive mla1 allele for susceptibility to attack, were inoculated with B. graminis f. sp. hordei. Total leaf and apoplastic antioxidants were measured 24 h after inoculation when maximum numbers of attacked cells showed hypersensitive death in Alg-R. Cytoplasmic contamination of the apoplastic extracts, judged by the marker enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, was very low (less than 2%) even in inoculated plants. Dehydroascorbate, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and dehydroascorbate reductase were present in the apoplast. Inoculation had no effect on the total foliar ascorbate pool size or the redox state. The glutathione content of Alg-S leaves and apoplast decreased, whereas that of Alg-R leaves and apoplast increased after pathogen attack, but the redox state was unchanged in both cases. Large increases in foliar catalase activity were observed in Alg-S but not in Alg-R leaves. Pathogen-induced increases in the apoplastic antioxidant enzyme activities were observed. We conclude that sustained oxidation does not occur and that differential strategies of antioxidant response in Alg-S and Alg-R may contribute to pathogen sensitivity. PMID:9662553

A conformational landscape for alginate secretion across the outer membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tan, Jingquan; Rouse, Sarah L.; Li, Dianfan; Pye, Valerie E.; Vogeley, Lutz; Brinth, Alette R.; El Arnaout, Toufic; Whitney, John C.; Howell, P. Lynne; Sansom, Mark S. P.; Caffrey, Martin

2014-01-01

Crystal structures of the β-barrel porin AlgE reveal a mechanism whereby alginate is exported from P. aeruginosa for biofilm formation. The exopolysaccharide alginate is an important component of biofilms produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a major pathogen that contributes to the demise of cystic fibrosis patients. Alginate exits the cell via the outer membrane porin AlgE. X-ray structures of several AlgE crystal forms are reported here. Whilst all share a common β-barrel constitution, they differ in the degree to which loops L2 and T8 are ordered. L2 and T8 have been identified as an extracellular gate (E-gate) and a periplasmic gate (P-gate), respectively, that reside on either side of an alginate-selectivity pore located midway through AlgE. Passage of alginate across the membrane is proposed to be regulated by the sequential opening and closing of the two gates. In one crystal form, the selectivity pore contains a bound citrate. Because citrate mimics the uronate monomers of alginate, its location is taken to highlight a route through AlgE taken by alginate as it crosses the pore. Docking and molecular-dynamics simulations support and extend the proposed transport mechanism. Specifically, the P-gate and E-gate are flexible and move between open and closed states. Citrate can leave the selectivity pore bidirectionally. Alginate docks stably in a linear conformation through the open pore. To translate across the pore, a force is required that presumably is provided by the alginate-synthesis machinery. Accessing the open pore is facilitated by complex formation between AlgE and the periplasmic protein AlgK. Alginate can thread through a continuous pore in the complex, suggesting that AlgK pre-orients newly synthesized exopolysaccharide for delivery to AlgE

A conformational landscape for alginate secretion across the outer membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tan, Jingquan [Trinity College, Dublin (Ireland); Rouse, Sarah L. [University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford (United Kingdom); Li, Dianfan; Pye, Valerie E.; Vogeley, Lutz; Brinth, Alette R.; El Arnaout, Toufic [Trinity College, Dublin (Ireland); Whitney, John C.; Howell, P. Lynne [The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario (Canada); University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario (Canada); Sansom, Mark S. P. [University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford (United Kingdom); Caffrey, Martin, E-mail: martin.caffrey@tcd.ie [Trinity College, Dublin (Ireland)

2014-08-01

Crystal structures of the β-barrel porin AlgE reveal a mechanism whereby alginate is exported from P. aeruginosa for biofilm formation. The exopolysaccharide alginate is an important component of biofilms produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a major pathogen that contributes to the demise of cystic fibrosis patients. Alginate exits the cell via the outer membrane porin AlgE. X-ray structures of several AlgE crystal forms are reported here. Whilst all share a common β-barrel constitution, they differ in the degree to which loops L2 and T8 are ordered. L2 and T8 have been identified as an extracellular gate (E-gate) and a periplasmic gate (P-gate), respectively, that reside on either side of an alginate-selectivity pore located midway through AlgE. Passage of alginate across the membrane is proposed to be regulated by the sequential opening and closing of the two gates. In one crystal form, the selectivity pore contains a bound citrate. Because citrate mimics the uronate monomers of alginate, its location is taken to highlight a route through AlgE taken by alginate as it crosses the pore. Docking and molecular-dynamics simulations support and extend the proposed transport mechanism. Specifically, the P-gate and E-gate are flexible and move between open and closed states. Citrate can leave the selectivity pore bidirectionally. Alginate docks stably in a linear conformation through the open pore. To translate across the pore, a force is required that presumably is provided by the alginate-synthesis machinery. Accessing the open pore is facilitated by complex formation between AlgE and the periplasmic protein AlgK. Alginate can thread through a continuous pore in the complex, suggesting that AlgK pre-orients newly synthesized exopolysaccharide for delivery to AlgE.

De la malédiction d’être arabe et de quelques moyens, pour un écrivain algérien, d’y échapper

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anouar Benmalek

2013-11-01

Full Text Available En recouvrant les balises de l’engagement politique, social et poétique qui anime sa vie et son œuvre, et ont fait de lui un écrivain à la fois profondément algérien mais aspirant, dans le même temps, à l’universalité la plus large possible, Anouar Benmalek questionne ce paradoxe du « être arabe, malgré tout » : comment être un écrivain issu du monde arabe, sans renier ce qu’on aime le mieux dans ce monde arabe (sa générosité, son hospitalité, la chaleur des relations humaines, le raffinement des restes d’une grande civilisation où la poésie, par exemple, avait pu passer« pour l’état de béatitude suprême auquel il est permis à un être humain d’accéder de son vivant » et, en même temps, crier haut et fort la répulsion qu’on éprouve devant la culture de la mort, de la haine des autres, de la femme en particulier, et du ressentiment envers le monde entier qui semble y devenir insidieusement la norme ?

Study of the influence of gravity on the thermodynamic equilibrium of a liquid alloy, and on its solidification: application to eutectic Al-Ge and monotectic Al-In alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vinet, Bernard

1981-01-01

After having recalled the meaning of gravity, this research thesis addresses the study of movements within the Earth gravity field to assess accelerations for a centrifuged system, and to describe conditions which create weightlessness. The various actions of gravity on fluid phases are analysed by highlighting phenomena of convection and segregation. In a second part, the author addresses the issue of local order. The third part addresses the influence of gravity conditions on the distribution of components of a binary liquid alloy in thermodynamic equilibrium. The fourth part addresses experimental means. The next parts address the eutectic Al-Ge alloy and the monotectic Al-In alloy. Results obtained for liquid alloy are presented, and the author analyse segregations which appeared during solidification in gravity conditions between 40 and 100 g. The influence of these conditions of the structure of both alloys is then studied

Structure of a Bacterial ABC Transporter Involved in the Import of an Acidic Polysaccharide Alginate.

Science.gov (United States)

Maruyama, Yukie; Itoh, Takafumi; Kaneko, Ai; Nishitani, Yu; Mikami, Bunzo; Hashimoto, Wataru; Murata, Kousaku

2015-09-01

The acidic polysaccharide alginate represents a promising marine biomass for the microbial production of biofuels, although the molecular and structural characteristics of alginate transporters remain to be clarified. In Sphingomonas sp. A1, the ATP-binding cassette transporter AlgM1M2SS is responsible for the import of alginate across the cytoplasmic membrane. Here, we present the substrate-transport characteristics and quaternary structure of AlgM1M2SS. The addition of poly- or oligoalginate enhanced the ATPase activity of reconstituted AlgM1M2SS coupled with one of the periplasmic solute-binding proteins, AlgQ1 or AlgQ2. External fluorescence-labeled oligoalginates were specifically imported into AlgM1M2SS-containing proteoliposomes in the presence of AlgQ2, ATP, and Mg(2+). The crystal structure of AlgQ2-bound AlgM1M2SS adopts an inward-facing conformation. The interaction between AlgQ2 and AlgM1M2SS induces the formation of an alginate-binding tunnel-like structure accessible to the solvent. The translocation route inside the transmembrane domains contains charged residues suitable for the import of acidic saccharides. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Abécassis Frédéric et Meynier Gilbert (s/d), Pour une histoire franco-algérienne. En finir avec les pressions officielles et les lobbies de mémoire. Paris, Éditions la Découverte, 2008, 250 p.

OpenAIRE

James McDougall

2011-01-01

Ouvrage hors du commun, issu d’un projet de collaboration exceptionnelle, ce livre témoigne d’une grande ouverture du champ auquel il se consacre, l’histoire de l’Algérie coloniale. Il annonce en même temps, et volontairement semble-t-il, quelque chose de bien plus important encore qu’il ne soit, seul, en mesure de fournir. Fruit du (très) grand colloque - 64 communications en tout - tenu à l’Ecole normale supérieure des lettres et sciences humaines de Lyon, en juin 2006, sous le titre, Pour ...

Jean-Charles Jauffret (dir. La Guerre d'Algérie par les documents, t. 2, Les Portes de la guerre 1946-1954, Service Historique de l'Armée de Terre, Vincennes, 1998, in 4°, 1023 p.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gilbert Meynier

2004-11-01

Full Text Available On avait fini par désespérer de voir un jour être publiée une suite au premier tome de La Guerre d'Algérie par les Documents. L'Avertissement, 1943-1946, datant de 1990, tant les blocages en haut lieu furent pesants. Saluons donc l'arrivée de ce fort volume, dû à une collaboration entre historiens et militaires, placés sous la direction scientifique de Jean-Charles Jauffret, professeur à l'Université Paul Valéry (Montpellier III. C'est donc une œuvre collective et, à ce titre, pas toujours t...

Early H2O2 Accumulation in Mesophyll Cells Leads to Induction of Glutathione during the Hyper-Sensitive Response in the Barley-Powdery Mildew Interaction1

Science.gov (United States)

Vanacker, Helene; Carver, Tim L.W.; Foyer, Christine H.

2000-01-01

H2O2 production and changes in glutathione, catalase, and peroxidase were followed in whole-leaf extracts from the susceptible (AlgS [Algerian/4* (F14) Man.(S)]; ml-a1 allele) and resistant (AlgR [Algerian/4* (F14) Man.(R)]; Ml-a1 allele) barley (Hordeum vulgare) isolines between 12 and 24 h after inoculation with powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis [DC]. Speer [syn. Erysiphe graminis DC] f.sp hordei Marchal). Localized papilla responses and cell death hypersensitive responses were not observed within the same cell. In hypersensitive response sites, H2O2 accumulation first occurred in the mesophyll underlying the attacked epidermal cell. Subsequently, H2O2 disappeared from the mesophyll and accumulated around attacked epidermal cells. In AlgR, transient glutathione oxidation coincided with H2O2 accumulation in the mesophyll. Subsequently, total foliar glutathione and catalase activities transiently increased in AlgR. These changes, absent from AlgS, preceded inoculation-dependent increases in peroxidase activity that were observed in both AlgR and AlgS at 18 h. An early intercellular signal precedes H2O2, and this elicits anti-oxidant responses in leaves prior to events leading to death of attacked cells. PMID:10938348

Evolution of Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans secreting alginate during bioleaching of chalcopyrite concentrate.

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, R-L; Liu, A; Liu, Y; Yu, Z; Peng, T; Wu, X; Shen, L; Liu, Y; Li, J; Liu, X; Qiu, G; Chen, M; Zeng, W

2017-06-01

To explore the distribution disciplinarian of alginate on the chalcopyrite concentrate surface during bioleaching. The evolution of Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans secreting alginate during bioleaching of chalcopyrite concentrate was investigated through gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), and the critical synthetic genes (algA, algC, algD) of alginate were analysed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The GC-MS analysis results indicated that there was a little amount of alginate formed on the mineral surface at the early stage, while increasing largely to the maximum value at the intermediate stage, and then kept a stable value at the end stage. The CLSM analysis of chalcopyrite slice showed the same variation trend of alginate content on the mineral surface. Furthermore, the RT-PCR results showed that during the early stage of bioleaching, the expressions of the algA, algC and the algD genes were all overexpressed. However, at the final stage, the algD gene expression decreased in a large scale, and the algA and algC decreased slightly. This expression pattern was attributed to the fact that algA and algC genes were involved in several biosynthesis reactions, but the algD gene only participated in the alginate biosynthesis and this was considered as the key gene to control alginate synthesis. The content of alginate on the mineral surface increased largely at the beginning of bioleaching, and remained stable at the end of bioleaching due to the restriction of algD gene expression. Our findings provide valuable information to explore the relationship between alginate formation and bioleaching of chalcopyrite. © 2017 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Preparation of N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan coated alginate microcapsules and their application to Bifidobacterium longum BIOMA 5920

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mi, Yu; Su, Ran; Fan, Dai-Di; Zhu, Xiao-Li; Zhang, Wen-Ni

2013-01-01

In order to greatly improve vitality of probiotic bacteria within the application, a novel biocompatible vehicle, N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (NOCs) with appropriate degrees of substitution coat alginate (ALg) microparticles, was prepared by electrostatic droplet generation. The amount of chitosan (Cs) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (NOCs) coated on the ALg microparticles was determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The surface morphology of ALg microparticles, Cs coated ALg microparticles and NOCs coated ALg microparticles was determined using scanning electron microscopy. The coating thickness of Cs coated ALg microparticles and that of NOCs coated ALg microparticles was directly observed with confocal laser scanning microscopy. In order to assess pH sensitivity of microparticles, the bovine serum albumin release from the microspheres was tested in acid solution (pH 2.0) for 2 h and subsequently in alkaline solution (pH 7.0) for 2 h. The survival of Bifidobacterium longum BIOMA 5920 loaded in NOCs coated with ALg microparticle was improved in simulated gastric juice (pH 2.0, for 2 h) compared to that of B. longum BIOMA 5920 loaded in ALg microparticles and Cs coated ALg microparticles. After incubation in simulated intestinal juices (pH 7.0, 2 h), the release of microencapsulated B. longum BIOMA 5920 was investigated. - Highlights: • Synthesised N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (NOCs) coated alginate (ALg) microspheres. • Their effect on intestinal microflora was investigated in simulated gastric juices. • NOCs A coated ALg microspheres improved Bifidobacterium longum survival in SGJ. • The modified chitosan layer improved the pH-response of alginate microspheres. • NOCs A coated microspheres could be used to deliver oral bioactive compounds

Inhibition of HeLa cell growth by doxorubicin-loaded and tuftsin-conjugated arginate-PEG microparticles

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Tianmu Hu

2018-03-01

Full Text Available In order to improve the release pattern of chemotherapy drug and reduce the possibility of drug resistance, poly(ethylene glycol amine (PEG-modified alginate microparticles (ALG-PEG MPs were developed then two different mechanisms were employed to load doxorubicin (Dox: 1 forming Dox/ALG-PEG complex by electrostatic attractions between unsaturated functional groups in Dox and ALG-PEG; 2 forming Dox-ALG-PEG complex through EDC-reaction between the amino and carboxyl groups in Dox and ALG, respectively. Additionally, tuftsin (TFT, a natural immunomodulation peptide, was conjugated to MPs in order to enhance the efficiency of cellular uptake. It was found that the Dox-ALG-PEG-TFT MPs exhibited a significantly slower release of Dox than Dox/ALG-PEG-TFT MPs in neutral medium, suggesting the role of covalent bonding in prolonging Dox retention. Besides, the release of Dox from these MPs was pH-sensitive, and the release rate was observably increased at pH 6.5 compared to the case at pH 7.4. Compared with Dox/ALG-PEG MPs and Dox-ALG-PEG MPs, their counterparts further conjugated with TFT more efficiently inhibited the growth of HeLa cells over a period of 48 h, implying the effectiveness of TFT in enhancing cellular uptake of MPs. Over a period of 48 h, Dox-ALG-PEG-TFT MPs inhibited the growth of HeLa cells less efficiently than Dox/ALG-PEG-TFT MPs but the difference was not significant (p > 0.05. In consideration of the prolonged and sustained release of Dox, Dox-ALG-PEG-TFT MPs possess the advantages for long-term treatment.

Preparation of N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan coated alginate microcapsules and their application to Bifidobacterium longum BIOMA 5920

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mi, Yu; Su, Ran [Shaanxi R and D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University (China); Fan, Dai-Di, E-mail: fandaidi@nwu.edu.cn [Shaanxi R and D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University (China); Zhu, Xiao-Li [Shaanxi R and D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi' an, Shaanxi 710069 (China); Zhang, Wen-Ni [Shaanxi R and D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University (China); Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University (China)

2013-07-01

In order to greatly improve vitality of probiotic bacteria within the application, a novel biocompatible vehicle, N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (NOCs) with appropriate degrees of substitution coat alginate (ALg) microparticles, was prepared by electrostatic droplet generation. The amount of chitosan (Cs) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (NOCs) coated on the ALg microparticles was determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The surface morphology of ALg microparticles, Cs coated ALg microparticles and NOCs coated ALg microparticles was determined using scanning electron microscopy. The coating thickness of Cs coated ALg microparticles and that of NOCs coated ALg microparticles was directly observed with confocal laser scanning microscopy. In order to assess pH sensitivity of microparticles, the bovine serum albumin release from the microspheres was tested in acid solution (pH 2.0) for 2 h and subsequently in alkaline solution (pH 7.0) for 2 h. The survival of Bifidobacterium longum BIOMA 5920 loaded in NOCs coated with ALg microparticle was improved in simulated gastric juice (pH 2.0, for 2 h) compared to that of B. longum BIOMA 5920 loaded in ALg microparticles and Cs coated ALg microparticles. After incubation in simulated intestinal juices (pH 7.0, 2 h), the release of microencapsulated B. longum BIOMA 5920 was investigated. - Highlights: • Synthesised N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (NOCs) coated alginate (ALg) microspheres. • Their effect on intestinal microflora was investigated in simulated gastric juices. • NOCs A coated ALg microspheres improved Bifidobacterium longum survival in SGJ. • The modified chitosan layer improved the pH-response of alginate microspheres. • NOCs A coated microspheres could be used to deliver oral bioactive compounds.

Preparation of N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan coated alginate microcapsules and their application to Bifidobacterium longum BIOMA 5920.

Science.gov (United States)

Mi, Yu; Su, Ran; Fan, Dai-Di; Zhu, Xiao-Li; Zhang, Wen-Ni

2013-07-01

In order to greatly improve vitality of probiotic bacteria within the application, a novel biocompatible vehicle, N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (NOCs) with appropriate degrees of substitution coat alginate (ALg) microparticles, was prepared by electrostatic droplet generation. The amount of chitosan (Cs) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (NOCs) coated on the ALg microparticles was determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The surface morphology of ALg microparticles, Cs coated ALg microparticles and NOCs coated ALg microparticles was determined using scanning electron microscopy. The coating thickness of Cs coated ALg microparticles and that of NOCs coated ALg microparticles was directly observed with confocal laser scanning microscopy. In order to assess pH sensitivity of microparticles, the bovine serum albumin release from the microspheres was tested in acid solution (pH 2.0) for 2 h and subsequently in alkaline solution (pH 7.0) for 2 h. The survival of Bifidobacterium longum BIOMA 5920 loaded in NOCs coated with ALg microparticle was improved in simulated gastric juice (pH 2.0, for 2 h) compared to that of B. longum BIOMA 5920 loaded in ALg microparticles and Cs coated ALg microparticles. After incubation in simulated intestinal juices (pH 7.0, 2 h), the release of microencapsulated B. longum BIOMA 5920 was investigated. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Preparation and Characterization of Keratin/Alginate Blend Microparticles

OpenAIRE

Srisuwan, Yaowalak; Srihanam, Prasong

2018-01-01

The water-in-oil (W/O) emulsification-diffusion method was used for construction of keratin (Ker), alginate (Alg), and Ker/Alg blend microparticles. The Ker, Alg, and Ker/Alg blend solutions were used as the water phase, while ethyl acetate was used as the oil phase. Firstly, different concentrations of Ker solution was used to find suitable content. 1.6% w/v Ker solution was blended with the same concentration of the Alg solution for further microparticle construction. Results from scanning ...

Abécassis Frédéric et Meynier Gilbert (s/d, Pour une histoire franco-algérienne. En finir avec les pressions officielles et les lobbies de mémoire. Paris, Éditions la Découverte, 2008, 250 p.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

James McDougall

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Ouvrage hors du commun, issu d’un projet de collaboration exceptionnelle, ce livre témoigne d’une grande ouverture du champ auquel il se consacre, l’histoire de l’Algérie coloniale. Il annonce en même temps, et volontairement semble-t-il, quelque chose de bien plus important encore qu’il ne soit, seul, en mesure de fournir. Fruit du (très grand colloque - 64 communications en tout - tenu à l’Ecole normale supérieure des lettres et sciences humaines de Lyon, en juin 2006, sous le titre, Pour ...

Preparation and Characterization of Keratin/Alginate Blend Microparticles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yaowalak Srisuwan

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The water-in-oil (W/O emulsification-diffusion method was used for construction of keratin (Ker, alginate (Alg, and Ker/Alg blend microparticles. The Ker, Alg, and Ker/Alg blend solutions were used as the water phase, while ethyl acetate was used as the oil phase. Firstly, different concentrations of Ker solution was used to find suitable content. 1.6% w/v Ker solution was blended with the same concentration of the Alg solution for further microparticle construction. Results from scanning electron microscope analysis show that the microparticles have different shapes: spherical, bowl-like, porous, and hollow, with several sizes depending on the blend ratio. FTIR and TG analyses indicated that the secondary structure and thermal stability of the microparticles were influenced by the Ker/Alg blend ratio. The interaction between functional groups of keratin and alginate was the main factor for both β-sheet structure and Td,max values of the microparticles. The results suggested that Ker/Alg blend microparticles might be applied in many fields by varying the Ker/Alg ratio.

Premodern’den Postmodern’e Benliğin ve Kutsalın Dönüşümü: Narsisist Benliğin Kutsal Algısı / Transformation of Knowledge and Sacred from Premodern to Postmodern: The Sacred Perception of Narcissist Self

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ahmet GÜVEN

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Benlik kavramını, vülgarize ederek söylemek gerekirse, modern öncesi ve sonrası olmak üzere ayırmak gerekir. Modern düşüncenin “bilgi”nin mahiyeti üzerinde meydana getirmiş olduğu dönüşüm öncelikle benlik algısını ve kaçınılmaz olarak kutsal algısını değiştirmiştir. Geleneğin içinde merkezi konuma sahip olan “kutsal bilgi” (scentia sacra benliğe, ancak “Külli akl” (intellect ile varlık sahası tanımış ve benliği terbiye edilmesi gereken “nefs” olarak görmüştü. Modern düşünce ise “bilen” ve “bilinen” benlik ayrımını yaparak bilginin merkezini ilahi olandan beşeri olana taşıyarak bilginin “desacralizasyonunu” (kutsallıktan arındırma temin etmiştir. Geleneğin çok katmanlı hakikat telakkisi yerine geçen modernizmin tek boyutlu ve dayatmacı hakikat algısına tepki olarak postmodern zamanlarda hakikatin ulaşılamaz olduğu fikrine dayanan hakikatin izafiliği düşüncesi doğmuştur. Bu postmodern düşünce narsisist benliğin ortaya çıkışında en etkili unsurdur. / To clarify the concept of the self, it is necessary to consider the term in two periods as premodern and postmodern. The transformation realized in the essence of the “information” by modern thought, changed initially the perception of the self and then inevitably the perception of sacred. The sacred knowledge (scentia sacra which had a central place in traditional thought entitled self to exist only in divine intelligence (intellect and the tradition regarded the self as the personality which must be disciplined. However, modern thought made a separation between the self that knows and the self that is known, and desacralized the information by shifting the center of the information from divine to the human one. The thought about the relativity of the truth which based on idea of the inaccessibility of the truth was born in postmodern times as a reaction to the perception of the one

Okul Öncesi Öğretmenlerinin Riskli Oyunlara Yönelik Görüş ve Algıları

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B. İpek Güler

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Çocukların oyunlarında heyecan aramak için yaptıkları ve fiziksel olarak yaralanma riski olan oyunlar riskli oyun kavramı altında tartışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarında görev yapan öğretmenlerin çocukların riskli oyunlarına yönelik görüş ve algılarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu araştırma nitel araştırma yaklaşımıyla açımlayıcı bir araştırma olarak yürütülmüştür. 2015-2016 eğitim ve öğretim yılında Ankara ilindeki altı farklı okul öncesi eğitim kurumunda görev yapan toplam 25 öğretmen çalışma grubunu oluşturmuştur. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen bir görüşme formu kullanılarak ve birebir görüşmeler yoluyla toplanmıştır. Görüşmelerin dökümü ile elde edilen dokümanlar üzerinde belge tarama yapılmış ve öğretmen görüşlerinin sıklık dağılımları üzerinden analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, çalışma grubunda bulunan öğretmenlerin riskli oyunlara karşı temkinli yaklaştıkları belirlenmiştir. Çocukların fiziksel sağlıklarına verilen önem onların risk almalarının önünde bir engel olarak görülmektedir. Bunun, risk kavramının tehlikeli ve zarar verici olarak algılanmasından kaynaklanabileceği gözlemlenmiştir. Diğer taraftan velilerin ve idarecilerin öğretmenler ve oyunlara yönelik tutumlarının, ayrıca fiziksel altyapı sorunlarının da riskli oyunları engelleyen diğer etkenler arasında olabileceği görülmüştür. The concept of risky play is discussed under the name of play, which seeks excitement and involves a risk of physical injury. In this study, it was aimed to examine the pre-school teachers’ opinions and perceptions toward risky play. This study was conducted as a basic and exploratory research according to the qualitative approach Totally 25 pre-school teachers working at six different schools at 2015-2016 term dates in Ankara

Outstanding features of alginate-based gel electrolyte with ionic liquid for electric double layer capacitors

Science.gov (United States)

Soeda, Kazunari; Yamagata, Masaki; Ishikawa, Masashi

2015-04-01

An alginate-based gel electrolyte with an ionic liquid (Alg/IL) is investigated for electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) by using physicochemical and electrochemical measurements. The Alg/EMImBF4 (EMImBF4 = 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate) gel electrolyte is thermally stable up to 280 °C, where EMImBF4 decomposes. Furthermore, the EDLC with the gel electrolyte can be operated even at high temperature. The cell containing Alg/EMImBF4 is also electrochemically stable even under high voltage (∼3.5 V) operation. Thus, the alginate is a suitable host polymer for the gel electrolyte for EDLCs. According to the result of charge-discharge characteristics, the voltage drop in the charge-discharge curve for the cell with Alg/EMImBF4 gel electrolyte is considerably smaller than that with liquid-phase EMImBF4 electrolyte. To clarify the effect of Alg in contact with the activated carbon electrode, we also prepared an Alg-containing ACFC electrode (Alg + ACFC), and evaluated its EDLC characteristics in liquid EMImBF4. The results prove that the presence of Alg close to the active materials significantly reduces the internal resistance of the EDLC cell, which may be attributed to the high affinity of Alg to activated carbon.

Response of Si- and Al-doped graphenes toward HCN: A computational study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rastegar, Somayeh F.; Peyghan, Ali Ahmadi; Hadipour, Nasser L.

2013-01-01

Highlights: ► Sensitivity of Si- and Al-doped graphene (SiG and AlG) toward HCN is investigated. ► The electronic properties of AlG are significantly changed in the presence of HCN. ► It is established that AlG can be a good sensor for HCN molecule. - Abstract: Sensitivity of Si- and Al-doped graphenes (SiG and AlG) toward toxic HCN has been investigated using density functional theory (DFT) in terms of energetic, geometric and electronic properties. Optimized configurations corresponding to physisorption and, subsequently, chemisorption of HCN on each surface have been identified. It is found that HCN molecule can be adsorbed on impurity atoms with adsorption energies about −27.20 and −38.75 kcal/mol on the SiG and the AlG, respectively. By comparing to HCN adsorption on SiG, it can be inferred that molecular HCN adsorbed on AlG can induce significant change in AlG conductivity. On the basis of calculated changes in the HOMO/LUMO energy gap it is found that electronic properties of AlG are sensitive toward adsorption of HCN and the reverse is correct for SiG, suggesting that the AlG may be a promising sensor for HCN.

Modeling and Re-Engineering of Azotobacter vinelandii Alginate Lyase to Enhance Its Catalytic Efficiency for Accelerating Biofilm Degradation.

Science.gov (United States)

Jang, Chul Ho; Piao, Yu Lan; Huang, Xiaoqin; Yoon, Eun Jeong; Park, So Hee; Lee, Kyoung; Zhan, Chang-Guo; Cho, Hoon

2016-01-01

Alginate is known to prevent elimination of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Alginate lyase (AlgL) might therefore facilitate treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected cystic fibrosis patients. However, the catalytic activity of wild-type AlgL is not sufficiently high. Therefore, molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis of AlgL might assist in enzyme engineering for therapeutic development. AlgL, isolated from Azotobacter vinelandii, catalyzes depolymerization of alginate via a β-elimination reaction. AlgL was modeled based on the crystal structure template of Sphingomonas AlgL species A1-III. Based on this computational analysis, AlgL was subjected to site-directed mutagenesis to improve its catalytic activity. The kcat/Km of the K194E mutant showed a nearly 5-fold increase against the acetylated alginate substrate, as compared to the wild-type. Double and triple mutants (K194E/K245D, K245D/K319A, K194E/K245D/E312D, and K194E/K245D/K319A) were also prepared. The most potent mutant was observed to be K194E/K245D/K319A, which has a 10-fold improved kcat value (against acetylated alginate) compared to the wild-type enzyme. The antibiofilm effect of both AlgL forms was identified in combination with piperacillin/tazobactam (PT) and the disruption effect was significantly higher in mutant AlgL combined with PT than wild-type AlgL. However, for both the wild-type and K194E/K245D/K319A mutant, the use of the AlgL enzyme alone did not show significant antibiofilm effect.

Modeling and Re-Engineering of Azotobacter vinelandii Alginate Lyase to Enhance Its Catalytic Efficiency for Accelerating Biofilm Degradation.

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Chul Ho Jang

Full Text Available Alginate is known to prevent elimination of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Alginate lyase (AlgL might therefore facilitate treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected cystic fibrosis patients. However, the catalytic activity of wild-type AlgL is not sufficiently high. Therefore, molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis of AlgL might assist in enzyme engineering for therapeutic development. AlgL, isolated from Azotobacter vinelandii, catalyzes depolymerization of alginate via a β-elimination reaction. AlgL was modeled based on the crystal structure template of Sphingomonas AlgL species A1-III. Based on this computational analysis, AlgL was subjected to site-directed mutagenesis to improve its catalytic activity. The kcat/Km of the K194E mutant showed a nearly 5-fold increase against the acetylated alginate substrate, as compared to the wild-type. Double and triple mutants (K194E/K245D, K245D/K319A, K194E/K245D/E312D, and K194E/K245D/K319A were also prepared. The most potent mutant was observed to be K194E/K245D/K319A, which has a 10-fold improved kcat value (against acetylated alginate compared to the wild-type enzyme. The antibiofilm effect of both AlgL forms was identified in combination with piperacillin/tazobactam (PT and the disruption effect was significantly higher in mutant AlgL combined with PT than wild-type AlgL. However, for both the wild-type and K194E/K245D/K319A mutant, the use of the AlgL enzyme alone did not show significant antibiofilm effect.

Biomimetic alginate/polyacrylamide porous scaffold supports human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and chondrogenesis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guo, Peng [Department of ENT-Head and Neck Surgery, EENT Hospital, Shanghai 200031 (China); Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 210029 (China); Yuan, Yasheng, E-mail: yuanyasheng@163.com [Department of ENT-Head and Neck Surgery, EENT Hospital, Shanghai 200031 (China); Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 210029 (China); Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 (United States); Chi, Fanglu [Department of ENT-Head and Neck Surgery, EENT Hospital, Shanghai 200031 (China); Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 210029 (China)

2014-09-01

We describe the development of alginate/polyacrylamide (ALG/PAAm) porous hydrogels based on interpenetrating polymer network structure for human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and chondrogenesis. Three ALG/PAAm hydrogels at molar ratios of 10/90, 20/80, and 30/70 were prepared and characterized with enhanced elastic and rubbery mechanical properties, which are similar to native human cartilage tissues. Their elasticity and swelling properties were also studied under different physiological pH conditions. Finally, in vitro tests demonstrated that human mesenchymal stem cells could proliferate on the as-synthesized hydrogels with improved alkaline phosphatase activities. These results suggest that ALG/PAAm hydrogels may be a promising biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. - Highlights: • ALG/PAAm hydrogels were prepared at different molar ratios for cartilage tissue engineering. • ALG/PAAm hydrogels feature an interpenetrating polymer network structure. • ALG/PAAm hydrogels demonstrate strengthened elastic and rubbery mechanical properties. • hMSCs could be cultured on the ALG/PAAm hydrogels for proliferation and chondrogenesis.

Biomimetic alginate/polyacrylamide porous scaffold supports human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and chondrogenesis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guo, Peng; Yuan, Yasheng; Chi, Fanglu

2014-01-01

We describe the development of alginate/polyacrylamide (ALG/PAAm) porous hydrogels based on interpenetrating polymer network structure for human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and chondrogenesis. Three ALG/PAAm hydrogels at molar ratios of 10/90, 20/80, and 30/70 were prepared and characterized with enhanced elastic and rubbery mechanical properties, which are similar to native human cartilage tissues. Their elasticity and swelling properties were also studied under different physiological pH conditions. Finally, in vitro tests demonstrated that human mesenchymal stem cells could proliferate on the as-synthesized hydrogels with improved alkaline phosphatase activities. These results suggest that ALG/PAAm hydrogels may be a promising biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. - Highlights: • ALG/PAAm hydrogels were prepared at different molar ratios for cartilage tissue engineering. • ALG/PAAm hydrogels feature an interpenetrating polymer network structure. • ALG/PAAm hydrogels demonstrate strengthened elastic and rubbery mechanical properties. • hMSCs could be cultured on the ALG/PAAm hydrogels for proliferation and chondrogenesis

Chitosan coated alginate-xanthan gum bead enhanced pH and thermotolerance of Lactobacillus plantarum LAB12.

Science.gov (United States)

Fareez, Ismail M; Lim, Siong Meng; Mishra, Rakesh K; Ramasamy, Kalavathy

2015-01-01

The vulnerability of probiotics at low pH and high temperature has limited their optimal use as nutraceuticals. This study addressed these issues by adopting a physicochemical driven approach of incorporating Lactobacillus plantarum LAB12 into chitosan (Ch) coated alginate-xanthan gum (Alg-XG) beads. Characterisation of Alg-XG-Ch, which elicited little effect on bead size and polydispersity, demonstrated good miscibility with improved bead surface smoothness and L. plantarum LAB12 entrapment when compared to Alg, Alg-Ch and Alg-XG. Sequential incubation of Alg-XG-Ch in simulated gastric juice and intestinal fluid yielded high survival rate of L. plantarum LAB12 (95%) at pH 1.8 which in turn facilitated sufficient release of probiotics (>7 log CFU/g) at pH 6.8 in both time- and pH-dependent manner. Whilst minimising viability loss at 75 and 90 °C, Alg-XG-Ch improved storage durability of L. plantarum LAB12 at 4 °C. The present results implied the possible use of L. plantarum LAB12 incorporated in Alg-XG-Ch as new functional food ingredient with health claims. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of alginate size, mannuronic/guluronic acid content and pH on particle size, thermodynamics and composition of complexes with β-lactoglobulin

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Stender, Emil G.P.; Khan, Sanaullah; Ipsen, Richard

2018-01-01

to be fully explored. Particle formation of a high and a low molar mass alginate (ALG) with β-lactoglobulin (BLG) at pH 2-8 depends on the average DPn (HMW-ALG: 1.59·103; LMW-ALG: 0.23·103) and the mannuronic/guluronic acid ratio (1.0; 0.6) as supported by using ManA6 and GulA6 as models. Dynamic light...... scattering (DLS) showed that particles of BLG with either of the two ALGs have essentially the same hydrodynamic diameter (D H) at pH 3 and 2, while at pH 4 particles of LMW-ALG/BLG have larger D H than of HMW-ALG/BLG. At pH 5-8 no significant particle formation was observed. ManA6 did not form insoluble...... particles at pH 2-8, while GulA6 formed insoluble particles, albeit only at pH 4. K d was approximately 10-fold higher for LMW-ALG/BLG than HMW-ALG/BLG and 3 orders of magnitude higher for an alginate trisaccharide/BLG complexation as determined by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The alginate...

Öğretmen Adaylarının Yabancı Dil Kavramına İlişkin Metaforik Algıları Metaphorical Perceptions Of Prospective Teachers Regarding Foreign Language

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Mehmet Nuri GÖMLEKSİZ

2013-09-01

ürecinin yanı sıra, dil öğrenmeye ilişkin tutum ve algıların da önemli bir yeri bulunmaktadır. Bireyin yabancı dil öğrenmeye yönelik tutum ve algılarının olumlu olması yabancı dil öğrenme sürecini olumlu yönde etkileyebildiği gibi olumsuz tutum ve algılar da öğrenme sürecini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı öğretmen adaylarının yabancı dile ilişkin algılarını metaforlar yoluyla belirlemektir. Çalışma 2012-2013 eğitim ö��retim yılında Fırat Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören öğretmen adayları üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya katılmada gönüllülük dikkate alınmıştır. Araştırma kapsamına 289’u kadın 253’ü de erkek olmak üzere toplam 542 öğretmen adayı alınmıştır. Veriler “Yabancı dil……e/a benzer; çünkü…………….” biçiminde eksik bırakılmış bir cümlenin bulunduğu formlarla toplanmıştır. Metafor formları katılımcılara sınıflarında elden dağıtılmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarından akıllarına gelen ilk metaforu yazmaları istenmiştir. Metafor formunu tamamladıktan sonra yabancı dile ilişkin geliştirdikleri metaforun gerekçesini yazmaları istenmiştir. Bunun için bir ders saati kullanılmış ve formlar aynı yolla toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda yabancı dil kavramına ilişkin 54 metaforun geliştirildiği sekiz ayrı kavramsal kategori elde edilmiştir. Bunlar; gelecek, gereklilik, güç, keyif, seyahat, ümitsizlik, zorlukile sömürgecilik biçiminde isimlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına bağlı olarak yabancı dil öğrenimi için çeşitli önerilerde bulunulmaktadır.

Tüketicilerin Coğrafi İşaretli Ürün Algısı ve Daha Fazla Fiyat Ödeme İsteği: Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi Yaklaşımı(Consumers' Perception of Product with Geographical Indication and Willingness to Pay More: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

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İsmail Tamer TOKLU

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Bir fikri ve sınai mülkiyet hakkı olarak coğrafi işaret, belirli bir nitelik, ün veya diğer özellikleriyle kökeninin bulunduğu bir yöre, alan, bölge veya ülke ile özdeşleşmiş bir ürünü gösteren işaretlerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı tüketicilerin coğrafi işaretli ürünlere olan algılarını ve bu ürünlere daha fazla ödeme eğilimlerini ölçmektir. Bu amaç için oluşturulan modelin verileri kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle, tüketicilerle yüz yüze yapılan anket çalışmasından elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler En Küçük Kısmi Kareler (PLS yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre; kültür ve gelenek, kalite ve güvenilirlik coğrafi işaretli ürün algısını etkilerken, coğrafi işaretli ürün algısı da daha fazla fiyat ödeme eğilimini etkilemektedir. Diğer taraftan, ekonomik desteğin coğrafi işaretli ürün algısını etkilemediği bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları rekabet avantajı elde etmek isteyen yerel üreticiler için etkili bir pazarlama stratejisine karar vermeleri açısından değerli ve önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır. As an intellectual property right, geographical indications are signs showing an exclusive quality, celebrity or other attributes specified with a territory, area, region or country of its origin. This study aims to evaluate consumers' perceptions toward products with geographical indication and their willingness to pay a premium price for these types of products. The data of the model proposed for this aim were collected by convenience sampling method with face to face questionnaire. PLS (Partial Least Squares Method was used to analyze the data. The main findings of the study are as follows, 'culture and tradition' and 'quality and safety' affect the consumers' perceptions towards geographical indication. This perception also affects the willingness to pay more for products with geographical indication. On the other

Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Preclinical Efficacy of a Novel Paclitaxel-Loaded Alginate Nanoparticle for Breast Cancer Treatment

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Ahmed A. Markeb

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Purpose. The antitumor activity of a novel alginate (ALG polymer-based particle that contained paclitaxel (PTX was evaluated using human primary breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods. PTX was combined with ALG in a nanoparticle as a drug delivery system designed to improve breast cancer tumor cell killing. PTX-ALG nanoparticles were first synthesized by nanoemulsification polymer cross-linking methods that improved the aqueous solubility. Structural and biophysical properties of the PTX-ALG nanoparticles were then determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC fluorescence. The effect on cell cycle progression and apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry. Results. PTX-ALG nanoparticles were prepared and characterized by ultraviolet (UV/visible (VIS, HPLC fluorescence, and TEM. PTX-ALG nanoparticles demonstrated increased hydrophobicity and solubility over PTX alone. Synthetically engineered PTX-ALG nanoparticles promoted cell-cycle arrest, reduced viability, and induced apoptosis in human primary patient breast cancer cells superior to those of PTX alone. Conclusion. Taken together, our results demonstrate that PTX-ALG nanoparticles represent an innovative, nanoscale delivery system for the administration of anticancer agents that may avoid the adverse toxicities with enhanced antitumor effects to improve the treatment of breast cancer patients.

Fen Bilimleri Öğretmen Adaylarının Çevre Sorunlarına Yönelik Tutumları ve Çevre Kirliliğine Yönelik Metaforik Algıları

OpenAIRE

ARIK, Selçuk; YILMAZ, Mehmet

2017-01-01

Bu çalışmanın amacı, fen bilimleri öğretmen adaylarının çevre sorunlarına yöneliktutumlarını ve çevre kirliliğine yönelik metaforik algılarını araştırmaktır. Araştırma 2013-2014eğitim öğretim yarıyılı güz döneminde Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir.Araştırmanın, çalışma grubunu fen bilimleri öğretmen adayları (n=132) oluşturmuştur.Araştırmada verileri toplamak amacıyla “Çevre Tutumları Ölçeği”(Yoldaş, 2009) ve metafortoplama formu kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırma da nicel a...

« Cachez ce sang que je ne saurais voir ». Les images de la guerre d’Algérie dans les albums et les documentaires pour la jeunesse

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Éléonore Hamaide-Jager

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Contrairement à d'autres conflits, la guerre d'Algérie est encore très peu présente dans les ouvrages destinés à la jeunesse. Les auteurs d'albums peuvent y faire allusion dans le texte mais les illustrateurs centrent leurs images sur un univers stéréotypique ou hors du temps et de l'espace, privilégiant l'apaisement des générations et des peuples. Les documentaires ou albums documentaires sont plus nombreux à tenter de représenter l'étrange conflit, entre attentats, règlements de compte et attente. Ils proposent des représentations nourries de recherches historiques ou parfois des photographies qui ont pour mission d'authentifier un récit fictionnalisé, oscillant entre mémoires individuelle et  collective, sans que soit peut-être suffisamment marquée, pour des enfants, la frontière entre ce qui relève du discours historique d'une part et de la fiction, nécessairement réductrice, d'autre part.

Quality of Life and Its Determinants in a Multicenter Cohort of Children with Alagille Syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Kamath, Binita M; Chen, Zhen; Romero, Rene; Fredericks, Emily M; Alonso, Estella M; Arnon, Ronen; Heubi, James; Hertel, Paula M; Karpen, Saul J; Loomes, Kathleen M; Murray, Karen F; Rosenthal, Philip; Schwarz, Kathleen B; Subbarao, Girish; Teckman, Jeffrey H; Turmelle, Yumirle P; Wang, Kasper S; Sherker, Averell H; Sokol, Ronald J; Magee, John C

2015-08-01

To assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children with Alagille syndrome (ALGS) in comparison with healthy and other liver disease cohorts, and to identify determinants of HRQOL in patients with ALGS. Within the Childhood Liver Disease Research Network prospective study of cholestasis, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) questionnaires were administered to 70 children with ALGS, 95 children with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD), and 49 children with other causes of chronic intrahepatic cholestasis (IHC) aged 5-18 years. Parent proxy PedsQL scores were recorded for children aged 2-18 years (98 ALGS, 123 A1ATD, and 68 IHC). Mean ages and total bilirubin (mg/dL) were ALGS 9.4 years; 4.4, A1ATD 9.5 years; 0.7, and IHC 10.3 years; 2.9. ALGS child PedsQL scores were lower than in healthy children and children with A1ATD (mean 73 vs 83; P = .001). Children with ALGS and IHC were similar, except in physical scores (73 vs 79; P = .05). Parents of children with ALGS perceived their children to have worse HRQOL than A1ATD (P ≤ .001) and marginally lower compared with IHC. Univariate analysis revealed ALGS child-reported scores were positively associated with better growth and inversely with total bilirubin. Growth failure, elevated international normalized ratio, and an intracardiac defect were predictive of poor parental scores (P ≤ .05). In multivariate analysis, only weight z-score remained significant for child- and parent-reported scores. HRQOL is impaired in children with ALGS compared with healthy and children with A1ATD, similar to children with IHC and is associated with growth failure, which is a potentially treatable cause of impaired HRQOL. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Alginate/magnetite hybrid beads for magnetically stimulated release of dopamine.

Science.gov (United States)

Kondaveeti, Stalin; Cornejo, Daniel R; Petri, Denise Freitas Siqueira

2016-02-01

Hybrid beads composed of magnetite nanoparticles (MNP) and alginate (Alg) were synthesized and coded as Alg-MNP. They were incubated in dopamine (DOPA) solution (5 g/L), at pH 7.4 and 8 °C, during 12 h, promoting the DOPA loaded magnetic beads, coded as Alg-MNP/DOPA. The release of DOPA was further evaluated in the absence and the presence of external magnetic field (EMF) of 0.4 T. The products Alg-MNP and Alg-MNP/DOPA were characterized by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared vibrational spectroscopy (FTIR), UV spectrophotometry, thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) analyses and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. The magnetic and chemical properties of Alg-MNP beads were not affected by DOPA loading. The incorporation of DOPA into the beads depended on the pH and on the negative charge density. At pH 7.4 38% of DOPA were loaded into Alg-MNP beads, whereas at pH 2 or using neat Alg beads (lower charge density than Alg-MNP) the loading efficiency decreased to one third or less. In the absence of EMF, 24% of the loaded DOPA was released from Alg-MNP at pH 7.4 over a period of 26 h. The released amount increased to 33% under the stimulus of EMF. A model was proposed to explain the loading efficiency of charged drugs, as DOPA, into hybrid beads and the role played by EMF on delivery systems, where drug and matrix are oppositely charged. The results suggest that the alginate combined with magnetite nanoparticles is a promising system for release of DOPA in the presence of EMF. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Cellulose Derivatives Enhanced Stability of Alginate-Based Beads Loaded with Lactobacillus plantarum LAB12 against Low pH, High Temperature and Prolonged Storage.

Science.gov (United States)

Fareez, Ismail M; Lim, Siong Meng; Zulkefli, Nurul Aida Ashyqin; Mishra, Rakesh K; Ramasamy, Kalavathy

2017-05-10

The susceptibility of probiotics to low pH and high temperature has limited their use as nutraceuticals. In this study, enhanced protection of probiotics via microencapsulation was achieved. Lactobacillus plantarum LAB12 were immobilised within polymeric matrix comprised of alginate (Alg) with supplementation of cellulose derivatives (methylcellulose (MC), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)). L. plantarum LAB12 encapsulated in Alg-HPMC(1.0) and Alg-MC(1.0) elicited improved survivability (91%) in simulated gastric conditions and facilitated maximal release (∼100%) in simulated intestinal condition. Alg-HPMC(1.0) and Alg-MC(1.0) significantly reduced (P 7 log CFU g -1 . Alg-MC and Alg-HPMC improved the survival of LAB12 against simulated gastric condition (9.24 and 9.55 log CFU g -1 , respectively), temperature up to 90 °C (9.54 and 9.86 log CFU g -1 , respectively) and 4-week of storage at 4 °C (8.61 and 9.23 log CFU g -1 , respectively) with sustained release of probiotic in intestinal condition (>9 log CFU g -1 ). These findings strongly suggest the potential of cellulose derivatives supplemented Alg bead as protective micro-transport for probiotic strains. They can be safely incorporated into new functional food or nutraceutical products.

Farklılıkların Yönetimi ile Öğrenen Okul Arasındaki İlişkinin Öğretmen Algılarına Göre İncelenmesi

OpenAIRE

DOĞAN, Soner; UĞURLU, Celal Teyyar; TOPÇU, İhsan; YİĞİT, Yakup

2018-01-01

Araştırmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin farklılıkların yönetimi ile öğrenen okul algılarını belirlemek ve farklılıkların yönetimi ile öğrenen okul arasındaki ilişkinin düzeyini saptamaktır. Bu çerçevede araştırma, ilişkisel tarama modelinde desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Sivas iline Bağlı Zara ilçesinde ilk, ortaokul ve lise düzeyinde toplam 18 okulda görev yapan 161 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri öğrenen okul ölçeği (ÖOÖ) ve farklılıkların yönetimi ölçeği (FYÖ) aracılığ...

Novel one-pot synthesis of dicarboxylic acids mediated alginate-zirconium biopolymeric complex for defluoridation of water.

Science.gov (United States)

Prabhu, Subbaiah Muthu; Meenakshi, Sankaran

2015-04-20

The present investigation explains the fluoride removal from aqueous solution using alginate-zirconium complex prepared with respective dicarboxylic acids like oxalic acid (Ox), malonic acid (MA) and succinic acid (SA) as a medium. The complexes viz., alginate-oxalic acid-zirconium (Alg-Ox-Zr), alginate-malonic acid-zirconium (Alg-MA-Zr) and alginate-succinic acid-zirconium (Alg-SA-Zr) were synthesized and studied for fluoride removal. The synthesized complexes were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM with EDAX and mapping images. The effects of various operating parameters were optimized. The result showed that the maximum removal of fluoride 9653mgF(-)/kg was achieved by Alg-Ox-Zr complex at acidic pH in an ambient atmospheric condition. Equilibrium data of Alg-Ox-Zr complex was fitted well with Freundlich isotherm. The calculated values of thermodynamic parameters indicated that the fluoride adsorption is spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The mechanism of fluoride removal behind Alg-Ox-Zr complex has been proposed in detail. The suitability of the Alg-Ox-Zr complex has been tested with the field sample collected in a nearby fluoride endemic area. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of alginate importer from Sphingomonas sp. A1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maruyama, Yukie; Itoh, Takafumi; Nishitani, Yu; Mikami, Bunzo; Hashimoto, Wataru; Murata, Kousaku

2012-01-01

Alginate importer from Sphingomonas sp. A1 is a member of the ABC transporter superfamily that directly transports alginate polysaccharide into the cytoplasm. Crystals of alginate importer in complex with the periplasmic binding protein AlgQ2 diffracted X-rays to 3.3 Å resolution. Sphingomonas sp. A1 directly incorporates alginate polysaccharides through a ‘superchannel’ comprising a pit on the cell surface, alginate-binding proteins in the periplasm and an ABC transporter (alginate importer) in the inner membrane. Alginate importer, consisting of four subunits, AlgM1, AlgM2 and two molecules of AlgS, was crystallized in the presence of the binding protein AlgQ2. Preliminary X-ray analysis showed that the crystal diffracted to 3.3 Å resolution and belonged to space group P2 1 2 1 2 1 , with unit-cell parameters a = 72.5, b = 136.8, c = 273.3 Å, suggesting the presence of one complex in the asymmetric unit

A New Environmentally Safe Formulation and of Low Cost for Prolonged Release System of Atrazine and Diuron

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Gracy karla da Rocha Cortes

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Diuron and atrazine were incorporated in new formulations developed with the purpose to improve herbicides action through release systems, as well as to reduce the environmental toxicity. A low cost formulation (ALG/ESC was obtained by combining sodium alginate (ALG with fish scales of the Piau fish (ESC from the Leporinus elongatus species. From the crosslinking of ALG/ESC with CaCl2, the formulation ALG/ESC-CaCl2 was obtained. For ALG/ESC-CaCl2, the results are successful, showing a prolonged release of 3.5 and 4.5 days for atrazine and diuron, respectively. Based on parameters of an empirical equation used to fit the herbicide release data, it appears that the release systems of diuron and atrazine from ALG/ESC-CaCl2 are by diffusion processes due to anomalous transport, which did not follow Fick’s laws of diffusion. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v9i3.994

Liver cancer cells: targeting and prolonged-release drug carriers consisting of mesoporous silica nanoparticles and alginate microspheres.

Science.gov (United States)

Liao, Yu-Te; Liu, Chia-Hung; Yu, Jiashing; Wu, Kevin C-W

2014-01-01

A new microsphere consisting of inorganic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and organic alginate (denoted as MSN@Alg) was successfully synthesized by air-dynamic atomization and applied to the intracellular drug delivery systems (DDS) of liver cancer cells with sustained release and specific targeting properties. MSN@Alg microspheres have the advantages of MSN and alginate, where MSN provides a large surface area for high drug loading and alginate provides excellent biocompatibility and COOH functionality for specific targeting. Rhodamine 6G was used as a model drug, and the sustained release behavior of the rhodamine 6G-loaded MSN@Alg microspheres can be prolonged up to 20 days. For targeting therapy, the anticancer drug doxorubicin was loaded into MSN@Alg microspheres, and the (lysine)4-tyrosine-arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (K4YRGD) peptide was functionalized onto the surface of MSN@Alg for targeting liver cancer cells, hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2). The results of the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and confocal laser scanning microscopy indicate that the MSN@Alg microspheres were successfully uptaken by HepG2 without apparent cytotoxicity. In addition, the intracellular drug delivery efficiency was greatly enhanced (ie, 3.5-fold) for the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD)-labeled, doxorubicin-loaded MSN@Alg drug delivery system compared with the non-RGD case. The synthesized MSN@Alg microspheres show great potential as drug vehicles with high biocompatibility, sustained release, and targeting features for future intracellular DDS.

Öğretmen Adaylarının Özyeterlik Algılarının Karşılaştırılması: Müzik, Resim ve Beden Eğitimi Comparison Of Self Efficacy Perceptions Of The Teacher Candidates: Music, Art And Physical Education

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hatice EKİNCİ

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Teachers, to fulfill the required qualifications of the teachingprofession, which could deal with the duties and responsibilitiesassociated with their self efficacy perceptions.This research aims to determine of the perceptions of self efficacythe teacher candidates of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Faculty ofEducation Music, Art and Physical Education Teaching Department.Also it aims to relate of the perceptions of self efficacy in terms of class,gender and department variables.To determine teacher candidates’ perceptions of self-efficacy of theMusic, Art and Physical Education Department important todemonstrate an adequate and effective performance of their professionallife. In addition, the research, is thought to be important for thedevelopment of the results-oriented solutions.Research was conducted on a total of 224 teacher candidates ofthe Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Faculty of Education, Music, Art andPhysical Education Department, attending the license of II, III and IV.classrooms.“Teachers' Self Efficacy Scale" is used as a data collection tool,whisch developed by Tschannen-Moran and Hoy (2001, made by Çapa,Çakıroğlu and Sarıkaya (2005, validity and reliability study for Turkishand attempted to describe teachers' perceptions of self-competence.The data was analyzed by using SPSS (version 20.0 ( SPSS Inc.,Chicago, USA. Frequency, percentage, correlation and MANOVAstatistics were used for the analysis of research findings.According to the findings from the research, there isn’t asignificant difference between levels of teacher candidates self efficacyaccording to the variables. In addition, teacher candidates findthemselves 75 percent of theself-sufficient have been identified. Öğretmenlerin özyeterlik algıları, öğretmenlik mesleğiningerektirdiği yeterlikleri yerine getirmeleri, görev ve sorumluluklarınınüstesinden gelebileceklerine olan inançları ile yakından ilişkilidir.Bu araştırma, Mehmet Akif Ersoy �

De l’écriture journalistique à l’écriture romanesque : la conquête de l’Algérie chez Assia Djebar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anne-Marie Miraglia

2017-04-01

Full Text Available This study focuses on the colonial intertexts in Assia Djebar’s novel L’Amour, la fantasia and on the manner in which they are inserted in the text. It shows that Djebar’s novel tends to privilege direct discourse and narrated discourse in order to comment on the representation of the conquest of Algeria in the military press of the 19th century. In drawing attention to the state of the press during the colonisation of Algeria, this study draws a parallel between the narrative strategies at work in L’Amour, la fantasia and those exploited by literary journalism. Polyphony and intertextuality prove to be valuable not only in the fight against censorship but also in the struggle for freedom, whether this freedom be freedom of speech or political and social emancipation. Cette étude se concentre sur les intertextes coloniaux dans L’Amour, la fantasia d’Assia Djebar et, en particulier, sur les modalités de leur insertion. Elle montre que le roman de Djebar privilégie le discours direct et le discours narrativisé pour commenter la représentation de la conquête d’Algérie dans la presse militaire du XIXe siècle. En plus de rappeler l’état de la presse à l’époque coloniale, cette étude fait un rapprochement entre les stratégies narratives adoptées dans l’écriture de L’Amour, la fantasia et celles exploitées par l’écriture journalistique. La polyphonie et l’intertextualité se révèlent salutaires non seulement dans la lutte contre la censure, mais aussi dans la lutte pour la liberté qu’il s’agisse de la liberté d’expression ou de l’émancipation politique et sociale.

Les « cinébus » dans la tourmente

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Sébastien Denis

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Cet article présente les activités du Service de diffusion cinématographique (SDC du Gouvernement général de l’Algérie, chargé de projeter les films de propagande sur l’Algérie coloniale auprès des populations rurales du pays. D’abord seul à partir de 1945, puis avec l’aide de l’armée pendant la guerre d’Algérie, le SDC a ainsi mis en place une action psychologique visant à propager une image favorable de la France et de l’administration algérienne. Après les massacres de Sétif, dans un contexte politique tendu menant à la mise au pas des mouvements indépendantistes, il s’agissait de proposer une vision idéale des relations entre la France et les Algériens. Largement composé d’Européens d’Algérie, le service témoignait, dans des rapports circonstanciés, à la fois de la montée d’un anticolonialisme larvé au sein du public et d’une foi dans l’Algérie française de la part de ses fonctionnaires.

Alginate encapsulated mesoporous silica nanospheres as a sustained drug delivery system for the poorly water-soluble drug indomethacin

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Liang Hu

2014-08-01

Full Text Available We applied a combination of inorganic mesoporous silica material, frequently used as drug carriers, and a natural organic polymer alginate (ALG, to establish a sustained drug delivery system for the poorly water-soluble drug Indomethacin (IND. Mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs were synthesized using an organic template method and then functionalized with aminopropyl groups through postsynthesis. After drug loading into the pores of aninopropyl functionalized MSNs (AP-MSNs, IND loaded AP-MSNs (IND-AP-MSNs were encapsulated by ALG through the ionic interaction. The effects of surface chemical groups and ALG layer on IND release were systematically studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM, transmission electron microscopy (TEM, nitrogen adsorption, zeta-potential analysis and TGA analysis. The surface structure and surface charge changes of the ALG encapsulated AP-MSNs (ALG-AP-MSNs were also investigated. The results showed that sustained release of IND from the designed drug delivery system was mainly due to the blockage effect from the coated ALG. We believe that this combination will help designing oral sustained drug delivery systems for poorly water-soluble drugs.

Fast decolorization of azo methyl orange via heterogeneous Fenton and Fenton-like reactions using alginate-Fe2+/Fe3+ films as catalysts.

Science.gov (United States)

Quadrado, Rafael F N; Fajardo, André R

2017-12-01

The efficiency of Fenton and Fenton-like processes can be seriously affected by the continuous loss of iron ions and by the formation of solid sludge. Here, alginate (Alg) films were synthesized to stabilize iron ions (Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ ) and to enhance their catalytic activities towards the decolorization of methyl orange via heterogeneous Fenton and Fenton-like processes. Iron ions were ionically bond to the Alg molecules resulting in a three-dimensional network with specific structural and morphological features according to the valence states of iron. Our results demonstrated that both Alg-Fe 2+ and Alg-Fe 3+ films show highlighted catalytic activity for the decolorization of MO and high decolorization rates. Reuse experiments demonstrated that both films could be employed in at least five consecutive decolorization processes without losing their catalytic efficiency or stability. Taken together, our findings reveal that the Alg-Fe 2+ and Alg-Fe 3+ films may be suitable low-cost catalysts in heterogeneous Fenton and Fenton-like processes. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Perbandingan sitotoksisitas tiga jenis algyrogel terhadap sel fibroblas (Citotoxicity comparation of three types of algyrogel on fibroblast cells

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Stefany Elan Saktiyawardani

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Background: The prevalence of osteoporosis and bone defects in the world and Indonesia increase each year. Algyrogel is a alginate-based hydrogel material recently very popular used as a bone substitute through injectable bone substitute (IBs method. One of advantages algyrogel is biocompatibility to the body tissues. some natural-based polymer (alginate, chitosan, dan hyaluronat have different biocompatibility. Purpose: The study was aimed to determine the cytotoxicity of three types algyrogel against fibroblast cells. Methods: This study used three types algyrogel, there were algyrogel containing alginate (Alg, a mixture of alginate with chitosan (Alg/Ch, and a mixture of alginate with hyaluronic acid (Alg/Ha. Each type algyrogel was exposed in the Vero cell line of fibroblast with volume 2 μL; 4 μL; 6 μL; 8 μL; 10 μL; 12 μL; 14 μL; 16 μL; 18 μL; and 20 μL respectively. The cytotoxicity performed by MTT method to determine the percentage of cell death. The optical density was measured by an ELIsA plate reader then data was analyzed using ANOVA and probit. Results: The percentage of cell death in all groups of algyrogel have below 30%. LC50 value at Alg was 651.017 mg/mL (21.56%, Alg/Ch was 280.478 mg/mL (20.91%, and Alg/Ha was 1054.094 mg/ mL (17.2%. Conclusion: Alg/Ha has the lowest cytotoxicity on fibroblast cells and may have potential as an osteoconductor-synthetic bone product.Latar belakang: Prevalensi osteoporosis dan cacat tulang di Indonesia maupun dunia semakin meningkat tiap tahunnya. Algyrogel sebagai bahan hidrogel yang berbasis alginat akhir-akhir ini sangat popular digunakan sebagai bahan pengganti tulang melalui metode Injectable Bone substitute. Kelebihan algyrogel antara lain biokompatibel terhadap jaringan tubuh. Beberapa hidrogel berbasis polimer alami (alginat, chitosan, dan hyaluronat memiliki perbedaan biokompatibilitas. Tujuan: studi ini bertujuan meneliti sitotoksisitas tiga jenis algyrogel terhadap sel

Algérie

African Journals Online (AJOL)

PR BOKO

Le fruit est une baie ovale, sèche et lisse. C'est une plante ayant des qualités et des propriétés stimulantes antiseptiques et insecticides. Il sert à la fabrication des parfums. Rosmarinus officinalis est retrouvée même à l'état sauvage. Il peut être cultivé. La position systématique de cette espèce est : Ordre. Lamiales. Famille.

Microwave-induced facile synthesis of water-soluble fluorogenic alginic acid derivatives.

Science.gov (United States)

Chhatbar, Mahesh U; Meena, Ramavatar; Prasad, Kamalesh; Chejara, Dharmesh R; Siddhanta, A K

2011-04-01

A facile microwave-induced method was developed for synthesizing water-soluble fluorescent derivatives of alginic acid (ALG) with four different diamines, hydrazine (HY), ethylenediamine (EDA), 1,6-hexanediamine (HDA), and 1,4-cyclohexanediamine (CHDA), followed by a cross-linking reaction with a natural cross linker genipin. The ethylenediamine derivative of alginic acid (ALG-EDA) exhibited good fluorescent activity, which upon cross linking was enhanced threefold. The other amide derivatives, for example, ALG-HY, ALG-HDA, and ALG-CHDA, were not fluorescent, but their respective crosslinked products exhibited excellent fluorescent activity. The fluorescence intensity had an inverse correlation with the number of carbon atoms present in the amine, which in turn was a function of degree of substitution (DS). These fluorescent polysaccharide derivatives are of potential utility in the domain of sensor applications. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Novel decellularized liver matrix-alginate hybrid gel beads for the 3D culture of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Sun, Dongsheng; Liu, Yang; Wang, Huihui; Deng, Fei; Zhang, Ying; Zhao, Shan; Ma, Xiaojun; Wu, Huijian; Sun, Guangwei

2018-04-01

Developing reliable three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems that can mimic native tumor microenvironments is necessary for investigating the mechanism of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis and screen therapeutic drugs. In the present study, we developed decellularized liver matrix-alginate (DLM-ALG) hybrid gel beads. DLM powder was prepared by optimized decellularization methods and liquid nitrogen grinding. DLM-ALG beads were generated by dropping alginate solution containing DLM powder into a gelling bath. DLM powder concentration in alginate solution was ≤1% (w/v) and had no effect on the sphericity and mechanical stability of the beads. In addition, HCCLM3 cells cultured in 1% (w/v) DLM-ALG beads presented gradually enhanced viability during in vitro culture. The protein expression of urokinase plasminogen activator system and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) of HCCLM3 cells, including MMP2 and MMP9, were more significantly promoted in DLM-ALG beads compared with that in conventional ALG beads without DLM powder. Moreover, the dose-dependent increase in HCCLM3 cell MMP activities was observed along with the DLM powder concentration in 0.5% and 1% DLM-ALG groups. Therefore, DLM-ALG beads might serve as a novel 3D culture system for exploring the mechanisms of HCC metastasis and screening therapeutic drugs. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Dehydration of an ethanol/water azeotrope through alginate-DNA membranes cross-linked with metal ions by pervaporation.

Science.gov (United States)

Uragami, Tadashi; Banno, Masashi; Miyata, Takashi

2015-12-10

To obtain high dehydration membranes for an ethanol/water azeotrope, dried blend membranes prepared from mixtures of sodium alginate (Alg-Na) and sodium deoxyribonucleate (DNA-Na) were cross-linked by immersing in a methanol solution of CaCl2 or MaCl2. In the dehydration of an ethanol/water azeotropic mixture by pervaporation, the effects of immersion time in methanol solution of CaCl2 or MaCl2 on the permeation rate and water/ethanol selectivity through Alg-DNA/Ca(2+) and Alg-DNA/Mg(2+) cross-linked membranes were investigated. Alg-DNA/Mg(2+) cross-linked membrane immersed for 12h in methanol solution of MaCl2 exhibited the highest water/ethanol selectivity. This results from depressed swelling of the membranes by formation of a cross-linked structure. However, excess immersion in solution containing cross-linker led to an increase in the hydrophobicity of cross-linked membrane. Therefore, the water/ethanol selectivity of Alg-DNA/Mg(2+) cross-linked membranes with an excess immersion in cross-linking solution was lowered. The relationship between the structure of Alg-DNA/Ca(2+) and Alg-DNA/Mg(2+) cross-linked membranes and their permeation and separation characteristics during pervaporation of an ethanol/water azeotropic mixture is discussed in detail. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Essai sur le rôle d’une espèce végétale rustique pour un développement durable de la steppe algérienne

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Benabdeli Khéloufi

2006-07-01

Full Text Available La steppe en Algérie est un espace stratégique en matière de lutte contre la désertification, il couvre plus de 20 millions d’hectares et connaît une dégradation importante. Différents programmes de protection et de réhabilitation de cet espace ont échoué et sont souvent à l’origine de l’aggravation de cette dégradation. Une synthèse sur les causes de cet échec permettront de proposer une nouvelle approche axée sur l’introduction d’une espèce végétale très rustique et dont l’impact écologique pourrait sauver la steppe.The steppe in Algeria is a strategic space as regards to the control of desertification, it covers more than 20 million hectares and knows an important degradation. Various programmes of protection and rehabilitation concerning this space failed and are at the origin of the aggravation of this degradation. A synthesis of the causes of this failure will make it possible to propose a new approach centered on the introduction of a very rustic plant species and whose ecological impact could save the steppe.

Étude palynologique du Dévonien terminal et du Carbonifère inférieur du bassin d'Illizi (Fort-Polignac, Algérie Palynological Study of the Uppermost Devonian and Lower Carboniferous in the Illizi Basin (Fort-Polignac, Algeria

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Attar A.

2006-11-01

Full Text Available L'étude de la microflore des formations Djebel llleréne, Issendjel, Assekaïfaf, Oubarakat et El Adeb Larache du bassin d'Illizi (Sahara algérien a permis d'établir, depuis le Dévonien terminal jusqu au Namurien, six palynozones. Une comparaison est faite avec les travaux de Lanzoni et Magloire et de Massa et al. (bassin de Rhadamès, Libye occidentale. A study of microflora from the Djebel Illeréne, Issendjel, Assekaïfaf, Oubarakat und El Adeb Larache formations in the Illizi Basin (Algerian Sahara has enabled six palynozones to be identified in the interval between the uppermost Devonian and the Namurian. The findings are compared with those by Lanzoni and Magloire (Grand Erg Occidental, Algerian Sahara and Massa et al. (Rhadamès Basin, western Libya.

Türkiye’deki Üniversitelerin Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü 4. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Türkoloji Kavramına İlişkin Algıları Perception Of The Turkology Concept Among Fourth Grade Students Of The Departments Of Turkish Language And Literature In The Unıversities In Turkey

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Serdar YAVUZ

2013-03-01

��sında İslam, Doğu ve dil araştırmaları ekseninde gelişen Türkoloji, günümüzde Türk’e ait ne varsa inceleyen bir bilim hâline gelmiştir. Özellikle ilk dönemlerde Türkologların dil araştırmalarına yoğunlaşması, onun bakış açısı ve yöntemlerini kullanması nedeniyle Türkolojinin sadece kavramsal olarak Türk diliyle özdeşleşmesine neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmaların etkisiyle Türkoloji, Türk dili gibi algılanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’deki üniversitelerin Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin “Türkoloji” kavramına ilişkin algılarını, geliştirdikleri metaforlar aracılığıyla ortaya çıkarmaktır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti sınırlarında bulunan yedi coğrafi bölge (Marmara Bölgesi, Ege Bölgesi, Akdeniz Bölgesi, İç Anadolu Bölgesi, Karadeniz Bölgesi, Doğu Anadolu bölgesi ve Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi ve bu bölgeler içerisinde bulunan 7 üniversitenin Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü 4. sınıfında okuyan 320 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri her öğrencinin “Türkoloji… gibidir, çünkü …” cümlesini tamamlamasıyla elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analiz edilmesinde ise toplanan verileri açıklayabilecek kavramlara ve ilişkilere ulaşılabilecek olan içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonunda Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin % 87,7’sinin Türkoloji kavramına ilişkin olumlu, % 11,4’ünün olumsuz ve % 0,9’unun ise hem olumlu hem de olumsuz bir algıya sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Olumlu algıya sahip öğrenciler; değer katma, disiplin, inceleme alanı; olumsuz algıya sahip öğrenciler bilimsel eksiklik, iş kaygısı, olumsuz tutum; hem olumlu hem de olumsuz algıya sahip öğrenciler ise hem olumlu hem de olumsuz tutum kodu altında toplanan metaforlar geliştirmiştir.

Selective lymphoid irradiation. V. Synergism with pretransplant thymectomy or thymic irradiation in cardiac transplantation in rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Iga, C.; Fawwaz, R.; Nowygrod, R.; Reemtsma, K.; Hardy, M.A.

1985-01-01

Selective lymphoid irradiation (SLI) using palladium-109-hematoporphyrin (Pd-H), given four days prior to transplantation, combined with two doses of antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) (10 mg, days -2 and -1), was evaluated as a method of induction of permanent heterotopic cardiac allograft survival in the highly histoincompatible rat strain combination of ACI (RT1(1))-to-Lewis (RT1a). Both Pd-H and ALG localize poorly in the thymus, so this study evaluated whether thymic irradiation (TI) or thymectomy (TX) of the adult recipient results in indefinite allograft survival. Immunosuppression with Pd-H or ALG alone gave a mean survival time (MST) of 6.7 +/- 0.6 days, but the combination of the two agents led to an MST of 17.6 +/- 3.4 days. When TI was combined with Pd-H and ALG, cardiac allograft survival was prolonged to 50.2 +/- 13.9 days, but TI alone showed an MST of 10.3 +/- 1.8 days. Permanent cardiac allograft survival (greater than 250 days) was achieved in all thymectomized recipients treated with the combination of Pd-H and a brief course of ALG. These animals also accepted second-set skin grafts and rejected third-party skin grafts following more than 150 days of ACI cardiac allograft survival. Thymic irradiation, although effective in acting synergistically with SLI and ALG, led to prolonged, but limited allograft survival, although thymectomy with SLI and ALG is synergistic in prolonging allograft survival permanently without chronic immunosuppression

Multilayered Films Produced by Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Chitosan and Alginate as a Potential Platform for the Formation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cell aggregates

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Javad Hatami

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The construction of multilayered films with tunable properties could offer new routes to produce biomaterials as a platform for 3D cell cultivation. In this study, multilayered films produced with five bilayers of chitosan and alginate (CHT/ALG were built using water-soluble modified mesyl and tosyl–CHT via layer-by-layer (LbL self-assembly. NMR results demonstrated the presences of mesyl (2.83 ppm and tosyl groups (2.39, 7.37 and 7.70 ppm in the chemical structure of modified chitosans. The buildup of multilayered films was monitored by quartz-crystal-microbalance (QCM-D and film thickness was estimated using the Voigt-based viscoelastic model. QCM-D results demonstrated that CHT/ALG films constructed using mesyl or tosyl modifications (mCHT/ALG were significantly thinner in comparison to the CHT/ALG films constructed with unmodified chitosan (p < 0.05. Adhesion analysis demonstrated that human adipose stem cells (hASCs did not adhere to the mCHT/ALG multilayered films and formed aggregates with sizes between ca. 100–200 µm. In vitro studies on cell metabolic activity and live/dead staining suggested that mCHT/ALG multilayered films are nontoxic toward hACSs. Multilayered films produced via LbL assembly of ALG and off-the-shelf, water-soluble modified chitosans could be used as a scaffold for the 3D aggregates formation of hASCs in vitro.

Development and Characterization of Novel Porous 3D Alginate-Cockle Shell Powder Nanobiocomposite Bone Scaffold

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B. Hemabarathy Bharatham

2014-01-01

Full Text Available A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP through lyophilization techniques. The scaffold was developed in varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP and characterized using various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells. Morphological observations using SEM revealed variations in structures with the use of different Alg-nCP composition ratios. All the developed scaffolds showed a porous structure with pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth; however, not all combination mixtures showed subsequent favorable characteristics to be used for biological applications. Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.

Alagille syndrome in a Vietnamese cohort: mutation analysis and assessment of facial features.

Science.gov (United States)

Lin, Henry C; Le Hoang, Phuc; Hutchinson, Anne; Chao, Grace; Gerfen, Jennifer; Loomes, Kathleen M; Krantz, Ian; Kamath, Binita M; Spinner, Nancy B

2012-05-01

Alagille syndrome (ALGS, OMIM #118450) is an autosomal dominant disorder that affects multiple organ systems including the liver, heart, eyes, vertebrae, and face. ALGS is caused by mutations in one of two genes in the Notch Signaling Pathway, Jagged1 (JAG1) or NOTCH2. In this study, analysis of 21 Vietnamese ALGS individuals led to the identification of 19 different mutations (18 JAG1 and 1 NOTCH2), 17 of which are novel, including the third reported NOTCH2 mutation in Alagille Syndrome. The spectrum of JAG1 mutations in the Vietnamese patients is similar to that previously reported, including nine frameshift, three missense, two splice site, one nonsense, two whole gene, and one partial gene deletion. The missense mutations are all likely to be disease causing, as two are loss of cysteines (C22R and C78G) and the third creates a cryptic splice site in exon 9 (G386R). No correlation between genotype and phenotype was observed. Assessment of clinical phenotype revealed that skeletal manifestations occur with a higher frequency than in previously reported Alagille cohorts. Facial features were difficult to assess and a Vietnamese pediatric gastroenterologist was only able to identify the facial phenotype in 61% of the cohort. To assess the agreement among North American dysmorphologists at detecting the presence of ALGS facial features in the Vietnamese patients, 37 clinical dysmorphologists evaluated a photographic panel of 20 Vietnamese children with and without ALGS. The dysmorphologists were unable to identify the individuals with ALGS in the majority of cases, suggesting that evaluation of facial features should not be used in the diagnosis of ALGS in this population. This is the first report of mutations and phenotypic spectrum of ALGS in a Vietnamese population. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhancer-binding protein 3 is essential for the expression of asparagine-linked glycosylation 2 in the regulation of osteoblast and chondrocyte differentiation.

Science.gov (United States)

Imamura, Katsuyuki; Maeda, Shingo; Kawamura, Ichiro; Matsuyama, Kanehiro; Shinohara, Naohiro; Yahiro, Yuhei; Nagano, Satoshi; Setoguchi, Takao; Yokouchi, Masahiro; Ishidou, Yasuhiro; Komiya, Setsuro

2014-04-04

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhancer-binding protein 3 (Hivep3) suppresses osteoblast differentiation by inducing proteasomal degradation of the osteogenesis master regulator Runx2. In this study, we tested the possibility of cooperation of Hivep1, Hivep2, and Hivep3 in osteoblast and/or chondrocyte differentiation. Microarray analyses with ST-2 bone stroma cells demonstrated that expression of any known osteochondrogenesis-related genes was not commonly affected by the three Hivep siRNAs. Only Hivep3 siRNA promoted osteoblast differentiation in ST-2 cells, whereas all three siRNAs cooperatively suppressed differentiation in ATDC5 chondrocytes. We further used microarray analysis to identify genes commonly down-regulated in both MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts and ST-2 cells upon knockdown of Hivep3 and identified asparagine-linked glycosylation 2 (Alg2), which encodes a mannosyltransferase residing on the endoplasmic reticulum. The Hivep3 siRNA-mediated promotion of osteoblast differentiation was negated by forced Alg2 expression. Alg2 suppressed osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in cultured calvarial bone. Alg2 was immunoprecipitated with Runx2, whereas the combined transfection of Runx2 and Alg2 interfered with Runx2 nuclear localization, which resulted in suppression of Runx2 activity. Chondrocyte differentiation was promoted by Hivep3 overexpression, in concert with increased expression of Creb3l2, whose gene product is the endoplasmic reticulum stress transducer crucial for chondrogenesis. Alg2 silencing suppressed Creb3l2 expression and chondrogenesis of ATDC5 cells, whereas infection of Alg2-expressing virus promoted chondrocyte maturation in cultured cartilage rudiments. Thus, Alg2, as a downstream mediator of Hivep3, suppresses osteogenesis, whereas it promotes chondrogenesis. To our knowledge, this study is the first to link a mannosyltransferase gene to osteochondrogenesis.

Dose and time response of ruminally infused algae on rumen fermentation characteristics, biohydrogenation and Butyrivibrio group bacteria in goats.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Honglong; Fievez, Veerle; Mao, Shengyong; He, Wenbo; Zhu, Weiyun

2016-01-01

Micro-algae could inhibit the complete rumen BH of dietary 18-carbon unsaturated fatty acid (UFAs). This study aimed to examine dose and time responses of algae supplementation on rumen fermentation, biohydrogenation and Butyrivibrio group bacteria in goats. Six goats were used in a repeated 3 × 3 Latin square design, and offered a fixed diet. Algae were infused through rumen cannule with 0 (Control), 6.1 (L-Alg), or 18.3 g (H-Alg) per day. Rumen contents were sampled on d 0, 3, 7, 14 and 20. H-Alg reduced total volatile fatty acid concentration and acetate molar proportion (P Algae induced a dose-dependent decrease in 18:0 and increased trans-18:1 in the ruminal content (P Algae had no effect on the abundances of Butyrivibrio spp. and Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus (P > 0.10), while H-Alg reduced the total bacteria abundance (P algae were related to the supplementation level, but there was no evidence of shift in ruminal biohydrogenation pathways towards t10-18:1. L-Alg mainly induced a transient effect on rumen biohydrogenation of 18-carbon UFAs, while H-Alg showed an acute inhibition and these effects were not associated with the known hydrogenating bacteria.

Expanding the Repertoire of Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Metallo-ß-Lactamases by Functional Metagenomic Analysis of Soil Microbiota

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gudeta, Dereje D.; Bortolaia, Valeria; Pollini, Simona

2016-01-01

as metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs), were identified in six soil samples, including two subclass B1 (GRD23-1 and SPN79-1) and seven subclass B3 (CRD3-1, PEDO-1, GRD33-1, ESP-2, ALG6-1, ALG11-1, and DHT2-1). Except PEDO-1 and ESP-2, these enzymes were distantly related to any previously described MBLs (33 to 59......% identity). RAIphy analysis indicated that six enzymes (CRD3-1, GRD23-1, DHT2-1, SPN79-1, ALG6-1, and ALG11-1) originated from Proteobacteria, two (PEDO-1 and ESP-2) from Bacteroidetes and one (GRD33-1) from Gemmatimonadetes. All MBLs detected in soil microbiota were functional when expressed in E. coli...

The Efect of Probiotic Lactobacilli and Alginite on the Cellular Immune Response in Salmonella Infected Mice

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Hlubeňová K.

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Alginite is organic matter rich in humic substances and commonly found in nature, but despite that, the knowledge of its biological effects is limited. In our study we focused on monitoring the effects of alginite alone, as well as its effect as a carrier of probiotic lactobacilli on the cellular immune response in SPF mice after infection with Salmonella Typhimurium. Sixty six conventional SPF female mice of the Balb/c line were divided into 4 groups: 1. infection free negative control (NK supplied neither alginite nor probiotic lactobacilli in the feed; 2. infection free alginite control (Alg supplied feed with 10 % alginite; infected control supplied alginite in the feed but no lactobacilli; 3. infectious control (Alg + Sal - animals infected with salmonella and supplied 10 % alginite in the feed but no lactobacilli;and 4. probiotic group (Lab + Alg + Sal - animals infected with salmonella and administered 10 % alginite and Lactobacillus reuteri 2/6 in the feed. On day 21 of the experiments, the mice were bled and their mesenteric lymph nodes were taken after their death. The peripheral blood of the mice was analysed for the activity of phagocytes and the percentage of selected lymphocyte subpopulations was determined in the mesenteric lymph nodes and blood. The significantly highest phagocytic activity (FA was noted in the infected group with alginite (Alg + Sal. The FA was significantly increased in groups Alg and Lab + Alg + Sal in comparison with the NK group. The highest engulfing ability of phagocytes (phagocytic index was observed in the Lab + Alg + Sal group in comparison with other groups, but also in Alg group in comparison with NK. In the Lab + Alg + Sal group, we observed a significantly higher percentage of B-lymphocytes, CD4+CD8+ and natural killer T cells (NKT, but more significant impact on the numbers of subpopulations of lymphocytes was observed in the mesenteric lymph nodes, with the significantly highest proportions of CD4

Caractérisation et estimation du gonflement des argiles algériennes, cas des argiles de Médéa

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Medjnoun Amal

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Le matériau argileux, dur et cassant lorsqu’il est asséché, présente la particularité de voir sa consistance se modifier en fonction de sa teneur en eau. Un certain degré d’humidité peut le transformer en un matériau plastique et malléable. Ces modifications de consistance peuvent s’accompagner, en fonction de la structure particulière de certains minéraux argileux, de variations de volume plus ou moins conséquentes qui se manifestent soit sous forme d’une forte augmentation de volume (phénomène de gonflement lorsque la teneur en eau augmente ou de rétrécissement (phénomène de retrait en période de déficit pluviométrique marqué. Ce comportement est lié essentiellement à certains paramètres environnementaux de ces sols à l’exemple de la géologie et de la lithologie du site, du climat, etc. La prévision du potentiel de gonflement des sols est possible moyennant certaines méthodes empiriques basées sur des paramètres d’identification tels que la plasticité et la granulométrie déterminées lors des campagnes de reconnaissance. Une fois le caractère de gonflement pressenti dans la phase de reconnaissance préliminaire, une estimation de l’amplitude et de la pression de gonflement peut être établie à partir des corrélations, qui tendent à mettre en relation les paramètres de gonflement avec les paramètres géotechniques issus des essais d’identification. C’est dans cet aspect que s’inscrit cet article en traitant le cas d’un site algérien. Les résultats obtenus montrent une concordance entre les méthodes empiriques appliquées. Ces résultats sont aussi comparés avec ceux obtenus des essais de gonflement à l’oedométrique. L’évolution de la structure argileuse au cours de retrait-gonflement est suivie dans l’objectif de comprendre le mécanisme de gonflement.

Kültürel değerlere göre karanlık lider algısının çalışan iş performansı etkisi üzerine bir araştırma

OpenAIRE

Kızıldaş, Ezgi

2017-01-01

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, iş motivasyonu, bireysel kültürel değer boyutlarından olan kolektivizm, güç mesafesi ve algılanan karanlık lider davranışlarının iş performansı üzerindeki etkilerini oluşturan bir model çerçevesinde araştırılmasıdır. Ankara’da faaliyet gösteren büyük ve orta ölçekli işletmelerde çalışan 245 kişiden elde edilen veriler ile oluşturulan örneklem üzerinden bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler SPSS programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulg...

Stability and loading properties of curcumin encapsulated in Chlorella vulgaris.

Science.gov (United States)

Jafari, Yaser; Sabahi, Hossein; Rahaie, Mahdi

2016-11-15

Curcumin (Cur), a polyphenols with pharmacological function, was successfully encapsulated in algae (Alg) cell (Chlorella vulgaris) as confirmed by fluorescence microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Fluorescence micrographs, TGA, DSC and FTIR spectra suggested the hypothesis inclusion Cur in Nano-empty spaces inside cell wall of Alg. The TGA analysis showed that the thermal stability of Alg and Cur at algae/curcumin complex was 3.8% and 33% higher than their free forms at 0-300°C and 300-600°C ranges, respectively. After encapsulation in Alg cells, the photostability of Cur was enhanced by about 2.5-fold. Adsorption isotherm of Cur into Alg was fitted with the Freundlich isotherm. The microcapsules were loaded with Cur up to about 55% w/w which is much higher than other reported bio-carriers. In conclusion, the data proved that Chlorella vulgaris cell can be used as a new stable carrier for Cur. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Selective lymphoid irradiation: III. Prolongation of cardiac xenografts and allografts in presensitized rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hardy, M.A.; Oluwole, S.; Fawwaz, R.; Satake, K.; Nowygrod, R.; Reemtsma, K.

1982-01-01

Selective lymphoid irradiation (SLI) with palladium-109-hematoporphyrin (Pd-H) combined with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) induces either donor-specific permanent rat heart allograft acceptance or significant allograft prolongation depending on the degree of donor-recipient matching. The purpose of this study was to determine if SLI combined with ALG can affect ACI heart allograft survival in Lewis recipients presensitized to ACI, and of hamster heart xenografts of Lewis rats. SLI combined with ALG delays allograft and xenograft rejection in the presence of induced or preformed antidonor antibodies, and converts primarily a humoral rejection into a cellular rejection by mechanisms as yet uncertain. Such peritransplant treatment had significant effect on the levels of antidonor complement-dependent cytotoxic antibody titers but did not correlate directly with graft survival. Histological analysis of rejected hearts in all groups demonstrated primarily a humoral hyperacute rejection in control animals and in recipients treated with ALG alone, while peritransplant treatment with Pd-H and ALG resulted not only in prolonged graft survival but histologically, primarily a cellular rejection of the graft

Direct bioconversion of brown algae into ethanol by thermophilic bacterium Defluviitalea phaphyphila.

Science.gov (United States)

Ji, Shi-Qi; Wang, Bing; Lu, Ming; Li, Fu-Li

2016-01-01

Brown algae are promising feedstocks for biofuel production with inherent advantages of no structural lignin, high growth rate, and no competition for land and fresh water. However, it is difficult for one microorganism to convert all components of brown algae with different oxidoreduction potentials to ethanol. Defluviitalea phaphyphila Alg1 is the first characterized thermophilic bacterium capable of direct utilization of brown algae. Defluviitalea phaphyphila Alg1 can simultaneously utilize mannitol, glucose, and alginate to produce ethanol, and high ethanol yields of 0.47 g/g-mannitol, 0.44 g/g-glucose, and 0.3 g/g-alginate were obtained. A rational redox balance system under obligate anaerobic condition in fermenting brown algae was revealed in D. phaphyphila Alg1 through genome and redox analysis. The excess reducing equivalents produced from mannitol metabolism were equilibrated by oxidizing forces from alginate assimilation. Furthermore, D. phaphyphila Alg1 can directly utilize unpretreated kelp powder, and 10 g/L of ethanol was accumulated within 72 h with an ethanol yield of 0.25 g/g-kelp. Microscopic observation further demonstrated the deconstruction process of brown algae cell by D. phaphyphila Alg1. The integrated biomass deconstruction system of D. phaphyphila Alg1, as well as its high ethanol yield, provided us an excellent alternative for brown algae bioconversion at elevated temperature.

Klassiõpetaja peab särama / Ly Melesk, Kairis Kontus, Leida Talts, Viia Hang...[jt.] ; küsitles Anu Mõttus

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2007-01-01

Vestlusringis on Tallinna Kuristiku Gümnaasiumi klassiõpetajad Viia Hang ja Ly Melesk, Tallinna Ülikooli 5. kursuse üliõpilane ja Tallinna Lepistiku Lasteaed-Algkooli õpetaja Kairis Kontus, Tallinna Ülikooli algõpetuse õppetooli juhataja Leida Talts ning algõpetuse õppetooli pedagoogika ja algõpetuse metoodika õppejõud Mare Müürsepp. Kui hästi on Tallinna Ülikool ja tema eelkäijad suutnud algklassiõpetajaid ette valmistada ja mis neil igapäevatöös toime tulla aitab

Liver cancer cells: targeting and prolonged-release drug carriers consisting of mesoporous silica nanoparticles and alginate microspheres

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liao YT

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Yu-Te Liao,1 Chia-Hung Liu,2 Jiashing Yu,1 Kevin C-W Wu1,3 1Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; 2Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; 3Division of Medical Engineering Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan Abstract: A new microsphere consisting of inorganic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs and organic alginate (denoted as MSN@Alg was successfully synthesized by air-dynamic atomization and applied to the intracellular drug delivery systems (DDS of liver cancer cells with sustained release and specific targeting properties. MSN@Alg microspheres have the advantages of MSN and alginate, where MSN provides a large surface area for high drug loading and alginate provides excellent biocompatibility and COOH functionality for specific targeting. Rhodamine 6G was used as a model drug, and the sustained release behavior of the rhodamine 6G-loaded MSN@Alg microspheres can be prolonged up to 20 days. For targeting therapy, the anticancer drug doxorubicin was loaded into MSN@Alg microspheres, and the (lysine4-tyrosine-arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (K4YRGD peptide was functionalized onto the surface of MSN@Alg for targeting liver cancer cells, hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2. The results of the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT assay and confocal laser scanning microscopy indicate that the MSN@Alg microspheres were successfully uptaken by HepG2 without apparent cytotoxicity. In addition, the intracellular drug delivery efficiency was greatly enhanced (ie, 3.5-fold for the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD-labeled, doxorubicin-loaded MSN@Alg drug delivery system compared with the non-RGD case. The synthesized MSN@Alg microspheres show great potential as drug vehicles with high biocompatibility, sustained release, and targeting features for future intracellular DDS. Keywords

Development and evaluation of alginate-chitosan gastric floating beads loading with oxymatrine solid dispersion.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Yanhua; Chen, Lihong; Zhou, Chengming; Yang, Jianhong; Hou, Yanhui; Wang, Wenping

2016-01-01

Oxymatrine (OM) can be metabolized to matrine in gastrointestinal ileocecal valve after oral administration, which affects pharmacological activity and reduce bioavailability of OM. A type of multiple-unit alginate-chitosan (Alg-Cs) floating beads was prepared by the ionotropic gelation method for gastroretention delivery of OM. A solid dispersion technique was applied and incorporated into beads to enhance the OM encapsulation efficiency (EE) and sustain the drug release. The surface morphology and internal hollow structure of beads were evaluated using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The developed Alg-Cs beads were spherical in shape with hollow internal structure and had particle size of 3.49 ± 0.09 mm and 1.33 ± 0.09 mm for wet and dried beads. Over 84% of the optimized OM solid dispersion-loaded Alg-Cs beads were able to continuously float over the simulated gastric fluid for 12 h in vitro. The OM solid dispersion-loaded Alg-Cs beads showed drug EE of 67.07%, which was much higher than that of beads loading with pure OM. Compared with the immediate release of OM capsules and pure OM-loaded beads, the release of OM from solid dispersion-loaded Alg-Cs beads was in a sustained-release manner for 12 h. Prolonged gastric retention time of over 8.5 h was achieved for OM solid dispersion-loaded Alg-Cs floating beads in healthy rabbit in in vivo floating ability evaluated by X-ray imaging. The developed Alg-Cs beads loading with OM solid dispersion displayed excellent performance features characterized by excellent gastric floating ability, high drug EE and sustained-release pattern. The study illustrated the potential use of Alg-Cs floating beads combined with the solid dispersion technique for prolonging gastric retention and sustaining release of OM, which could provide a promising drug delivery system for gastric-specific delivery of OM for bioavailability enhancement.

Chitosan/polyanion surface modification of styrene–butadiene–styrene block copolymer membrane for wound dressing

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yang, Jen Ming, E-mail: jmyang@mail.cgu.edu.tw [Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan (China); Yang, Jhe-Hao [Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan (China); Huang, Huei Tsz [Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan (China)

2014-01-01

The surface of styrene–butadiene–styrene block copolymer (SBS) membrane is modified with tri-steps in this study. At first, two step modified SBS membrane (MSBS) was prepared with epoxidation and ring opening reaction with maleated ionomer. Then chitosan was used as the polycation electrolyte and sodium alginate, poly(γ-glutamic acid) (PGA) and poly(aspartic acid) (PAsp) were selected as polyanion electrolytes to deposit on the surfaces of MSBS membrane by the layer-by-layer self-assembly (LbL) deposition technique to get three [chitosan/polyanion] LbL modified SBS membranes, ([CS/Alg], [CS/PGA] and [CS/PAsp]). From the quantitative XPS analysis and water contact angle measurement, it is found that the order of wettability and the content of functional group percentages of COO{sup −} and -O=C-N- on the three [CS/polyanion] systems are [CS/Alg] > [CS/PGA] > [CS/PAsp]. Performances of water vapor transmission rates, fibronectin adsorption, antibacterial assessment and 3T3 fibroblast cell growth on [CS/Alg], [CS/PGA] and [CS/PAsp] membranes were also evaluated. With the evaluation of water vapor transmission rate, these [CS/Alg], [CS/PGA] and [CS/PAsp] membranes are sterile semipermeable with water evaporation at about 82 ± 8 g/day · m{sup 2}. It is found that the amount of fibronectin adsorption on the three [CS/polyanion] systems is significantly determined by the sum of the functional group of COO{sup −} and -O=C-N- on the surfaces of [CS/Alg], [CS/PGA] and [CS/PAsp] systems. The results are inverse with the sum of the functional group of COO{sup −} and -O=C-N- on the three [CS/polyanion]. From the cytotoxicity test and cell adhesion and proliferation assay of 3T3 fibroblasts on the three [CS/polyanion] systems, it revealed that the cells not only remained viable but they also proliferated on the surfaces of [CS/Alg], [CS/PGA] and [CS/PAsp]. The bactericidal activity was found on [CS/Alg], [CS/PGA] and [CS/PAsp]. The transport of bacterial through

Evaluation of Accessory Lacrimal Gland in Muller's Muscle Conjunctival Resection Specimens for Precursor Cell Markers and Biological Markers of Dry Eye Disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Ali, Marwan; Shah, Dhara; Pasha, Zeeshan; Jassim, Sarmad H; Jassim Jaboori, Assraa; Setabutr, Pete; Aakalu, Vinay K

2017-04-01

The accessory lacrimal glands (ALGs) are an understudied component of the tear functional unit, even though they are important in the development of dry eye syndrome (DES). To advance our understanding of aging changes, regenerative potential, and histologic correlates to human characteristics, we investigated human ALG tissue from surgical samples to determine the presence or absence of progenitor cell markers and lacrimal epithelial markers and to correlate marker expression to relevant patient characteristics. ALG tissues obtained from Muller's muscle conjunctival resection (MMCR) specimens were created using tissue microarrays (TMAs). Immunofluorescence staining of MMCR sections was performed using primary antibodies specific to cell protein markers. Cell marker localization in TMAs was then assessed by two blinded observers using a standardized scoring system. Patient characteristics including age, race, and status of ocular surface health were then compared against expression of stem cell markers. Human ALG expressed a number of epithelial markers, and in particular, histatin-1 was well correlated with the expression of epithelial markers and was present in most acini. In addition, we noted the presence of precursor cell markers nestin, ABCG2, and CD90 in ALG tissue. There was a decrease in precursor cell marker expression with increasing age. Finally, we noted that a negative association was present between histatin-1 expression and DES. Thus, we report for the first time that human ALG tissues contain precursor marker-positive cells and that this marker expression may decrease with increasing age. Moreover, histatin-1 expression may be decreased in DES. Future studies will be performed to use these cell markers to isolate and culture lacrimal epithelial cells from heterogeneous tissues, determine the relevance of histatin-1 expression to DES, and isolate candidate precursor cells from ALG tissue.

Evaluation of Accessory Lacrimal Gland in Muller’s Muscle Conjunctival Resection Specimens for Precursor Cell Markers and Biological Markers of Dry Eye Disease

Science.gov (United States)

Ali, Marwan; Shah, Dhara; Pasha, Zeeshan; Jassim, Sarmad H.; Jaboori, Assraa Jassim; Setabutr, Pete; Aakalu, Vinay K.

2017-01-01

Purpose The accessory lacrimal glands (ALG) are an understudied component of the tear functional unit, even though they are important in the development of dry eye syndrome (DES). To advance our understanding of aging changes, regenerative potential and histologic correlates to human characteristics, we investigated human ALG tissue from surgical samples to determine the presence or absence of progenitor cell markers and lacrimal epithelial markers and to correlate marker expression to relevant patient characteristics. Materials and Methods ALG tissues obtained from Muller’s Muscle Conjunctival Resection (MMCR) specimens were created using tissue microarrays (TMAs). Immunofluorescence staining of MMCR sections was performed using primary antibodies specific to cell protein markers. Cell marker localization in TMAs was then assessed by two blinded observers using a standardized scoring system. Patient characteristics including age, race, and status of ocular surface health were then compared against expression of stem cell markers. Results Human ALG expressed a number of epithelial markers, and in particular, histatin-1 was well correlated with the expression of epithelial markers and was present in most acini. In addition, we noted the presence of precursor cell markers nestin, ABCG2 and CD90 in ALG tissue. There was a decrease in precursor cell marker expression with increasing age. Finally, we noted that a negative association was present between histatin-1 expression and DES. Conclusions Thus, we report for the first time that human ALG tissues contain precursor marker positive cells and that this marker expression may decrease with increasing age. Moreover, histatin-1 expression may be decreased in DES. Future studies will be performed to use these cell markers to isolate and culture lacrimal epithelial cells from heterogeneous tissues, determine the relevance of histatin-1 expression to DES and isolate candidate precursor cells from ALG tissue. PMID:27612554

Applicability of an established management algorithm for colon injuries following blunt trauma.

Science.gov (United States)

Sharpe, John P; Magnotti, Louis J; Weinberg, Jordan A; Shahan, Charles P; Cullinan, Darren R; Fabian, Timothy C; Croce, Martin A

2013-02-01

Operative management at our institution for all colon injuries have followed a defined algorithm (ALG) based on risk factors originally identified for penetrating injuries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the applicability of the ALG to blunt colon injuries. Patients with blunt colon injuries during 13 years were identified. As per the ALG, nondestructive (ND) injuries are treated with primary repair. Patients with destructive wounds (serosal tear of ≥50% colon circumference, mesenteric devascularization, and perforations) and concomitant risk factors (transfusion of >6 U packed red blood cells and/or presence of significant comorbidities) are diverted, while patients with no risk factors undergo resection plus anastomosis (RA). Outcomes included suture line failure (SLF), abscess, and mortality. Stratification analysis was performed to determine additional risk factors in the management of blunt colon injuries. A total 151 patients were identified: 76 with destructive injuries and 75 with ND injuries. Of those with destructive injuries, 44 (59%) underwent RA and 29 (39%) underwent diversion. All ND injuries underwent primary repair. Adherence to the ALG was 95%: three patients with destructive injuries underwent primary repair, and five patients with risk factors underwent RA. There were three SLFs (2%) (one involved deviation from the ALG) and eight abscesses (5%). Colon-related mortality was 2.1%. Stratification analysis based on mesenteric involvement, degree of shock, and need for abbreviated laparotomy failed to identify additional risk factors for SLF following RA for blunt colon injuries. Adherence to an ALG, originally defined for penetrating colon injuries, simplified the management of blunt colon injuries. ND injuries should be primarily repaired. For destructive wounds, management based on a defined ALG achieves an acceptably low morbidity and mortality rate. Prognostic/epidemiologic study, level III; therapeutic study, level IV.

Combined effects of adsorption and photocatalysis by hybrid TiO2/ZnO-calcium alginate beads for the removal of copper

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Devagi Kanakaraju; Shantini Ravichandar; Ying Chin Lim

2017-01-01

The use of nanosized titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) in the suspension form during treatment makes the recovering and recycling of photocatalysts difficult.Hence,supported photocatalysts are preferred for practical water treatment applications.This study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of calcium alginate (CaAlg) beads that were immobilized with hybrid photocatalysts,TiO2/ZnO to form TiO2/ZnO-CaAlg.Theseimmobilized beads,with three different mass ratios of TiO2:ZnO (1∶1,1∶2,and 2∶1) were used to remove Cu(Ⅱ) in aqueous solutions in the presence of ultraviolet light.These beads were subjected to three cycles of photocatalytic treatment with different initial Cu(Ⅱ) concentrations (10-80 ppm).EDX spectra have confirmed the inclusion of Ti and Zn on the surface of the CaAlg beads.Meanwhile,the surface morphology of the beads as determined using SEM,has indicated differences of before and after the photocatalytic treatment of Cu(Ⅱ).Among all three,the equivalent mass ratio TiO2/ZnO-CaAlg beads have shown the best performance in removing Cu(Ⅱ) during all three recycling experiments.Those TiO2/ZnO-CaAlg beads have also shown consistent removal of Cu,ranging from 7.14-62.0 ppm (first cycle) for initial concentrations of 10-80 ppm.In comparison,bare CaAlg was only able to remove 6.9-48 ppm of similar initial Cu concentrations.Thus,the potential use of TiO2/ZnO-CaAlg beads as environmentally friendly composite material can be further extended for heavy metal removal from contaminated water.

GW182-Free microRNA Silencing Complex Controls Post-transcriptional Gene Expression during Caenorhabditis elegans Embryogenesis.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guillaume Jannot

2016-12-01

Full Text Available MicroRNAs and Argonaute form the microRNA induced silencing complex or miRISC that recruits GW182, causing mRNA degradation and/or translational repression. Despite the clear conservation and molecular significance, it is unknown if miRISC-GW182 interaction is essential for gene silencing during animal development. Using Caenorhabditis elegans to explore this question, we examined the relationship and effect on gene silencing between the GW182 orthologs, AIN-1 and AIN-2, and the microRNA-specific Argonaute, ALG-1. Homology modeling based on human Argonaute structures indicated that ALG-1 possesses conserved Tryptophan-binding Pockets required for GW182 binding. We show in vitro and in vivo that their mutations severely altered the association with AIN-1 and AIN-2. ALG-1 tryptophan-binding pockets mutant animals retained microRNA-binding and processing ability, but were deficient in reporter silencing activity. Interestingly, the ALG-1 tryptophan-binding pockets mutant phenocopied the loss of alg-1 in worms during larval stages, yet was sufficient to rescue embryonic lethality, indicating the dispensability of AINs association with the miRISC at this developmental stage. The dispensability of AINs in miRNA regulation is further demonstrated by the capacity of ALG-1 tryptophan-binding pockets mutant to regulate a target of the embryonic mir-35 microRNA family. Thus, our results demonstrate that the microRNA pathway can act independently of GW182 proteins during C. elegans embryogenesis.

Original Research Original Research

African Journals Online (AJOL)

RAGHAVENDRA

The chemical ecology of many of the green alg ... tetra hydroxyl octadecane isolated from the green alg. Ulva faciata collected off ... two methods have been used as a primary screen ..... Antimicrobial activity and surface bacterial film in marine.

Vaccination promotes TH1-like inflammation and survival in chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia in rats

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Johansen, H K; Hougen, H P; Cryz, S J

1995-01-01

In a rat model of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection mimicking cystic fibrosis (CF) we studied whether the inflammatory response could be altered by vaccination. Rats were immunized with either a depolymerized alginate toxin A conjugate (D-ALG toxin A), purified alginate, an O-polysacc......In a rat model of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection mimicking cystic fibrosis (CF) we studied whether the inflammatory response could be altered by vaccination. Rats were immunized with either a depolymerized alginate toxin A conjugate (D-ALG toxin A), purified alginate, an O......-polysaccharide toxin A conjugate, or sterile saline. After challenge none of the rats immunized with D-ALG toxin A died, in contrast to the other two vaccine groups combined (p = 0.03). A significant reduction in the severity of the macroscopic lung inflammation was seen in rats immunized with D-ALG toxin A, compared...... predominantly PMNs (TH2-like) to a chronic-type inflammation dominated by mononuclear leukocytes (TH1-like). In accordance, the antibody titers induced by the D-ALG toxin A vaccine were not different from those of the control rats after challenge. This study identifies a possible new way of modifying...

Algılanan ekonomik güçlük ve eşler arasındaki çatışma ile problem davranışlar arasındaki bağlantıda, ebeveyn-ergen ilişkilerinin aracı rolü

OpenAIRE

KORFAL, Ahu

2016-01-01

Araştırmanın temel amacı, algılanan ekonomik güçlük ve eşler arasındaki çatışma ile ergen problem davranışları arasındaki bağlantıda ebeveyn-ergen ilişkilerinin aracı rolünü incelemektir. Bu amaç çerçevesinde, anılan ilişkiler kız ve erkek ergenlerde Aile Stres Modeli çerçevesinde sınanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Ankara kent merkezinde bulunan ilköğretim 6. ve 7. Sınıflar ile ortaöğretim 9. ve 10. Sınıflara devam eden ergenler oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmamıza, 518 (%48.5...

Fast removal of malachite green dye using novel superparamagnetic sodium alginate-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles.

Science.gov (United States)

Mohammadi, Abbas; Daemi, Hamed; Barikani, Mehdi

2014-08-01

In this study, superparamagnetic sodium alginate-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Alg-Fe3O4) as a novel magnetic adsorbent were prepared by in situ coprecipitation method, in which Fe3O4 nanoparticles were precipitated from FeCl3 and FeCl2 under alkaline medium in the presence of sodium alginate. The Alg-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were used for removal of malachite green (MG) from aqueous solutions using batch adsorption technique. The characterization of synthesized nanoparticles was performed using XRD, FTIR, TEM, TGA and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. FTIR analysis of synthesized nanoparticles provided the evidence that sodium alginate was successfully coated on the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The FT-IR and TGA characterization showed that the Alg-Fe3O4 nanoparticles contained about 14% (w/w) of sodium alginate. Moreover, TEM analysis indicated that the average diameter of the Alg-Fe3O4 nanoparticles was about 12nm. The effects of adsorbent dosage, pH and temperature were investigated on the adsorption properties of MG onto Alg-Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The equilibrium adsorption data were modeled using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from Langmuir isotherm equation was 47.84mg/g. The kinetics of adsorption of MG onto Alg-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were investigated using the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The results showed that the adsorption of MG onto nanoparticles followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

l-Arginine grafted alginate hydrogel beads: A novel pH-sensitive system for specific protein delivery

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohamed S. Mohy Eldin

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Novel pH-sensitive hydrogels based on l-arginine grafted alginate (Arg-g-Alg hydrogel beads were synthesized and utilized as a new carrier for protein delivery (BSA in specific pH media. l-arginine was grafted onto the polysaccharide backbone of virgin alginate via amine functions. Evidences of grafting of alginate were extracted from FT-IR and thermal analysis, while the morphological structure of Arg-g-Alg hydrogel beads was investigated by SEM photographs. Factors affecting on the grafting process e.g. l-arginine concentration, reaction time, reaction temperature, reaction pH, and crosslinking conditions, have been studied. Whereas, grafting efficiency of each factor was evaluated. Grafting of alginate has improved both thermal and morphological properties of Arg-g-Alg hydrogel beads. The swelling behavior of Arg-g-Alg beads was determined as a function of pH and compared with virgin calcium alginate beads. The cumulative in vitro release profiles of BSA loaded beads were studied at different pHs for simulating the physiological environments of the gastrointestinal tract. The amount of BSA released from neat alginate beads at pH 2 was almost 15% after 5 h, while the Arg-g-Alg beads at the same conditions were clearly higher than 45%, then it increased to 90% at pH 7.2. Accordingly, grafting of alginate has improved its release profile behavior particularly in acidic media. The preliminary results clearly suggested that the Arg-g-Alg hydrogel may be a potential candidate for polymeric carrier for oral delivery of protein or drugs.

3D-Printed Atsttrin-Incorporated Alginate/Hydroxyapatite Scaffold Promotes Bone Defect Regeneration with TNF/TNFR Signaling Involvement.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Quan; Xia, Qingqing; Wu, Yan; Zhang, Xiaolei; Wen, Feiqiu; Chen, Xiaowen; Zhang, Shufang; Heng, Boon Chin; He, Yong; Ouyang, Hong-Wei

2015-08-05

High expression levels of pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α within bone defects can decelerate and impair bone regeneration. However, there are few available bone scaffolds with anti-inflammatory function. The progranulin (PGRN)-derived engineered protein, Atsttrin, is known to exert antagonistic effects on the TNF-α function. Hence, this study investigates whether 3D-printed Atsttrin-incorporated alginate(Alg)/hydroxyapatite(nHAp) scaffolds can facilitate bone healing through affecting the TNF/TNFR signaling. A 3D bioprinting system is used to fabricate Atsttrin-Alg/nHAp composite scaffolds, and the Atsttrin release from this scaffold is characterized, followed by evaluation of its efficacy on bone regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. The 3D-printed Atsttrin-Alg/nHAp scaffold exhibits a precisely defined structure, can sustain Atsttrin release for at least 5 days, has negligible cytotoxicity, and supports cell adhesion. Atsttrin can also attenuate the suppressive effects of TNF-α on BMP-2-induced osteoblastic differentiation in vitro. The 3D-printed Atsttrin-Alg/nHAp scaffold significantly reduces the number of TNF-α positive cells within wound sites, 7 days after post-calvarial defect surgery. Additionally, histological staining and X-ray scanning results also show that the 3D-printed Atsttrin-Alg/nHAp scaffold enhances the regeneration of mice calvarial bone defects. These findings thus demonstrate that the precise structure and anti-inflammatory properties of 3D-printed Atsttrin-Alg/nHAp scaffolds may promote bone defect repair. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Encapsulated human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by alginate gel beads as an in vitro metastasis model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xu, Xiao-xi; Liu, Chang; Liu, Yang; Li, Nan; Guo, Xin; Wang, Shu-jun; Sun, Guang-wei; Wang, Wei; Ma, Xiao-jun

2013-01-01

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and often forms metastases, which are the most important prognostic factors. For further elucidation of the mechanism underlying the progression and metastasis of HCC, a culture system mimicking the in vivo tumor microenvironment is needed. In this study, we investigated the metastatic ability of HCC cells cultured within alginate gel (ALG) beads. In the culture system, HCC cells formed spheroids by proliferation and maintained in nuclear abnormalities. The gene and protein expression of metastasis-related molecules was increased in ALG beads, compared with the traditional adhesion culture. Furthermore, several gene expression levels in ALG bead culture system were even closer to liver cancer tissues. More importantly, in vitro invasion assay showed that the invasion cells derived from ALG beads was 7.8-fold higher than adhesion cells. Our results indicated that the in vitro three-dimensional (3D) model based on ALG beads increased metastatic ability compared with adhesion culture, even partly mimicked the in vivo tumor tissues. Moreover, due to the controllable preparation conditions, steady characteristics and production at large-scale, the 3D ALG bead model would become an important tool used in the high-throughput screening of anti-metastasis drugs and the metastatic mechanism research. -- Highlights: •We established a 3D metastasis model mimicking the metastatic ability in vivo. •The invasion ability of cells derived from our model was increased significantly. •The model is easy to reproduce, convenient to handle, and amenable for large-scale

Remediation of ultra low level of transuranics from potable water using hybrid materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Singhal, R.K.; Basu, H.; Reddy, A.V.R.

2015-01-01

In case of nuclear accidents like Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) Fukushima, Japan (11 March, 2011) and nuclear accidents like Chernobyl, USSR (March, 1986), where large amount of activity spread in public domain necessitate the need of development of new material which can efficiently remove transuranic from potable water without disturbing its water quality. Three different types of natural sorbents were developed using natural siliceous material, sodium alginate and impregnation of goethite in alginate matrix. Experiments were carried out for decontamination of americium and plutonium by using Calcium Alginate (Cal-Alg) and Goethite impregnated Cal-Alg (Geo-Cal-Alg) respectively

Selective uptake of manganese in seawater by hybrid microcapsules

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kuzumaki, Takenori; Yan, Wu; Mimura, Hitoshi; Niibori, Yuichi

2008-01-01

The selective separation and recovery of low concentrated elements in seawater are very important subjects for the advancement of environmental monitoring. Selective uptake of manganese from seawater was carried out by using two kinds of microcapsules (MCs) including activated carbon (AC) and insoluble tannin (T). The adsorbents, AC and T, having affinity for manganese, were enclosed into MCs (ACMS, TMC) by sol-gel method using matrices of biopolymer (calcium alginate gel polymer, CaALG). The uptake properties and selectivity of Mn 2+ (1 ppm) for MCs were examined by batch method. Relatively large uptake percentages of Mn 2+ above 80% were obtained within 1 h, and the uptake percentage above 80% was kept at pH 3-6. The uptake order was found to be T, AC, CaALG > ACMC, TMC. The uptake of Mn 2+ decreased with increasing Na + ion concentration. This tendency depends on the swelling property of CaALG; it tends to solate in the presence of highly concentrated Na + ions. The manganese ions were adsorbed on CaALG, ACMC and TMC from seawater containing 1,000 ppm Mn 2+ . ACMC and TMC had selectivity to Mn 2+ , and, especially, the matrices of CaALG also had an excellent uptake and selectivity properties. (author)

Evaluation of the role of incentive structure on student participation and performance in active learning strategies: A comparison of case-based and team-based learning.

Science.gov (United States)

Carrasco, Gonzalo A; Behling, Kathryn C; Lopez, Osvaldo J

2018-04-01

Student participation is important for the success of active learning strategies, but participation is often linked to the level of preparation. At our institution, we use two types of active learning activities, a modified case-based learning exercise called active learning groups (ALG) and team-based learning (TBL). These strategies have different assessment and incentive structures for participation. Non-cognitive skills are assessed in ALG using a subjective five-point Likert scale. In TBL, assessment of individual student preparation is based on a multiple choice quiz conducted at the beginning of each session. We studied first-year medical student participation and performance in ALG and TBL as well as performance on course final examinations. Student performance in TBL, but not in ALG, was strongly correlated with final examination scores. Additionally, in students who performed in the upper 33rd percentile on the final examination, there was a positive correlation between final examination performance and participation in TBL and ALG. This correlation was not seen in students who performed in the lower 33rd percentile on the final examinations. Our results suggest that assessments of medical knowledge during active learning exercises could supplement non-cognitive assessments and could be good predictors of performance on summative examinations.

S-41: Kadın Futbolcuların Bedenlerine İlişkin Algılarının ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerinin İncelenmesi

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Osman Göde

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Araştırmanın amacı; bir üniversitede futbol takımında amatör düzeyde futbol oynayan kadınların bedenlerine ilişkin algılarının ve yaptıkları spora ilişkin toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya 2014–2015 öğretim yılında Denizli Pamukkale Üniversitesi Kadın futbol takımında oynayan 8 sporcu dâhil edilmiştir. Araştırmanın amacına ulaşabilmek için nitel veri toplama yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Veriler, içerik analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan kadın futbolcuların toplumsal cinsiyet rollerini anlayabilmek için sporculara “toplumun bir kadın olarak futbol oynamanıza yaklaşımı nasıldır?” sorusu sorulmuş ve cevaplar iki tema altında incelenmiştir. (a Erkeklerin cinsiyetçi bakış açısı (b toplumda kadının yeri. Bununla birlikte, araştırmaya katılan kadın futbolcular genel olarak kendi bedenlerinden memnun olduklarını ve dış görünüşleriyle ilgili tercihleri yaparken “rahat olmayı” ön plana koyduklarını belirtmişler ve örnek aldıkları futbolcuların çoğunlukla erkek olduğunu ve bu durumun dış görünüşlerini etkileyebiliyor olabileceğini de ifade etmişlerdir.

Jordan Isomorphisms on Nest Subalgebras

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Aili Yang

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This paper is devoted to the study of Jordan isomorphisms on nest subalgebras of factor von Neumann algebras. It is shown that every Jordan isomorphism ϕ between the two nest subalgebras algMβ and algMγ is either an isomorphism or an anti-isomorphism.

Improved formability of aluminum--germanium near eutectic compositions through the application of superplasticity principles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pech, G.J.

1977-12-01

The 80-20 and 70-30 atomic percent Al-Ge compositions, which are used in the Nb 3 (Al,Ge) superconducting material, were investigated. These alloys are brittle at room temperature, but have been deformed plastically in this study by simulating conditions that have produced superplasticity in similar materials. The microstructure of these Al-Ge compositions was controlled to produce an inherently ductile structure of Ge spheroids dispersed throughout an Al matrix. A very fast cooling rate followed by a short anneal of 7 minutes at 400 0 C has been found to produce a fine homogenous spheroidal structure in 0.5'' diameter castings. Vickers microhardness tests were performed on castings of lamellar and fibrous microstructures after anneals at temperatures from 300 to 400 0 C. The deformation behavior of castings subjected to various conditions is reported. Parameters such as microstructure, temperature, % reduction, and anneals were investigated, and the results were used to successfully reduce Al-Ge castings to wire

Conjugation of curcumin onto alginate enhances aqueous solubility and stability of curcumin.

Science.gov (United States)

Dey, Soma; Sreenivasan, K

2014-01-01

Curcumin is a potential drug for various diseases including cancer. Prime limitations associated with curcumin are low water solubility, rapid hydrolytic degradation and poor bioavailability. In order to redress these issues we developed Alginate-Curcumin (Alg-Ccm) conjugate which was characterized by FTIR and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The conjugate self-assembled in aqueous solution forming micelles with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 459 ± 0.32 nm and negative zeta potential. The spherical micelles were visualized by TEM. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of Alg-Ccm conjugate was determined. A significant enhancement in the aqueous solubility of curcumin was observed upon conjugation with alginate. Formation of micelles improved the stability of curcumin in water at physiological pH. The cytotoxic activity of Alg-Ccm was quantified by MTT assay using L-929 fibroblast cells and it was found to be potentially cytotoxic. Hence, Alg-Ccm could be a promising drug conjugate as well as a nanosized delivery vehicle. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Physical and oxidative stability of high fat fish oil-in-water emulsions stabilized with combinations of sodium caseinate and sodium alginate

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Yesiltas, Betül; García Moreno, Pedro Jesús; Sørensen, Ann-Dorit Moltke

2017-01-01

.2 ratio NaCas:NaAlg by Box-Behnken's design, the formulae 70%-1.4%-1.2 was decided due to high fish oil content's decreasing effect on droplet size and peroxide value. Practical applications: Physically and oxidatively stable high fat (50-70%) omega-3 delivery fish oil-in-water emulsions are of high......A systematic study was carried out in order to evaluate the physical and oxidative stability of high fat omega-3 delivery fish oil-in-water emulsions stabilized with combinations of sodium caseinate (NaCas) and sodium alginate (NaAlg). The influence of 3 factors related to emulsion composition...... (fish oil content: 50, 60 and 70%; total amount of NaCas and NaAlg: 1.4, 2.1 and 2.8 %; and ratio NaCas:NaAlg: 0.4, 1.2 and 2) on physical (droplet size, viscosity and zeta potential) and oxidative (primary and secondary oxidation products) parameters was evaluated. It was possible to produce emulsions...

Synthesis and characterizations of alginate-α-tricalcium phosphate microparticle hybrid film with flexibility and high mechanical property as a biomaterial.

Science.gov (United States)

Das, Dipankar; Zhang, Shengmin; Noh, Insup

2018-01-24

A biocompatible hybrid film has been fabricated using alginate (Alg), α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) microparticle and calcium chloride through ionic crosslinking as a biomaterial. The 'screeding method' (like a concrete finishing process) has been employed to develop the Alg-α-TCP film. For this method, the Alg/α-TCP blend has been prepared using an ultra-sonicator and then put on a glass slide. After that, the excess volume of blend has been cut off by skidding another slide along with the surface of the blend to achieve proper grade and flatness. The mechanical strength and flexibility of the film (Alg-α-TCP) has been controlled by changing its compositions. The crosslinking phenomenon has been confirmed by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), x-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analyses. The ATR-FTIR and 13 C NMR analysis results suggest that carboxylate groups of the alginate are ionically cross-linked with Ca 2+ ions, while the α-TCP particles reside in the network by physical interaction. The micro-fatigue test results imply high tensile strength (up to 257 MPa) and flexibility (up to 13% elongation) of the Alg-α-TCP hybrid films. The SEM analysis suggests the α-TCP particles are homogeneously distributed on the surface of Alg-α-TCP films, whereas cross-sectional images confirmed the presence of α-TCP in the cross-linked network. TGA results demonstrated that thermal stability of the hybrid film was enhanced due to ionic crosslinking and interfacial interaction between alginate and α-TCP. The incorporation of α-TCP particles diminished the swelling ratio of the hybrid film. The in vitro bone cell (MC3T3) culture and cytotoxicity tests showed that the hybrid film is biocompatible. The hybrid film releases bovine serum albumin and dimethyloxaloylglycine in a controlled way at pH 7 and 7.4, and 37 °C. Overall, the biocompatible Alg-α-TCP hybrid film with

Chitosan/polyanion surface modification of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer membrane for wound dressing.

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Jen Ming; Yang, Jhe-Hao; Huang, Huei Tsz

2014-01-01

The surface of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS) membrane is modified with tri-steps in this study. At first, two step modified SBS membrane (MSBS) was prepared with epoxidation and ring opening reaction with maleated ionomer. Then chitosan was used as the polycation electrolyte and sodium alginate, poly(γ-glutamic acid) (PGA) and poly(aspartic acid) (PAsp) were selected as polyanion electrolytes to deposit on the surfaces of MSBS membrane by the layer-by-layer self-assembly (LbL) deposition technique to get three [chitosan/polyanion] LbL modified SBS membranes, ([CS/Alg], [CS/PGA] and [CS/PAsp]). From the quantitative XPS analysis and water contact angle measurement, it is found that the order of wettability and the content of functional group percentages of COO(-) and OCN on the three [CS/polyanion] systems are [CS/Alg]>[CS/PGA]>[CS/PAsp]. Performances of water vapor transmission rates, fibronectin adsorption, antibacterial assessment and 3T3 fibroblast cell growth on [CS/Alg], [CS/PGA] and [CS/PAsp] membranes were also evaluated. With the evaluation of water vapor transmission rate, these [CS/Alg], [CS/PGA] and [CS/PAsp] membranes are sterile semipermeable with water evaporation at about 82±8g/day·m(2). It is found that the amount of fibronectin adsorption on the three [CS/polyanion] systems is significantly determined by the sum of the functional group of COO(-) and OCN on the surfaces of [CS/Alg], [CS/PGA] and [CS/PAsp] systems. The results are inverse with the sum of the functional group of COO(-) and OCN on the three [CS/polyanion]. From the cytotoxicity test and cell adhesion and proliferation assay of 3T3 fibroblasts on the three [CS/polyanion] systems, it revealed that the cells not only remained viable but they also proliferated on the surfaces of [CS/Alg], [CS/PGA] and [CS/PAsp]. The bactericidal activity was found on [CS/Alg], [CS/PGA] and [CS/PAsp]. The transport of bacterial through these [CS/polyanion] membranes was also conducted

InterProScan Result: FS917145 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available lular Component: endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)|Cellular Component: integral to membrane (GO:0016021) ... ...FS917145 FS917145_2_ORF2 DB1A671B79D1A25B PFAM PF05208 ALG3 9e-110 T IPR007873 Glycosyltransferase, ALG3 Cel

Ce que nous faisons | Page 48 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'émergence de l'agriculture sous contrat en Algérie. Au cours des dernières décennies, différents types d'ententes contractuelles entre les agriculteurs et les fabricants de produits alimentaires ont gagné en popularité. Moyen-Orient, Algérie. PROJECT ...

Enhancement of osteoblastic differentiation in alginate gel beads with bioactive octacalcium phosphate particles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Endo, Kosei; Anada, Takahisa; Suzuki, Osamu; Yamada, Masumi; Seki, Minoru; Sasaki, Keiichi

2015-01-01

The present study investigated whether alginate (Alg) hydrogel microbeads have a role in maintaining mouse bone marrow stromal ST-2 cells and release the cells after being stimulated by synthetic octacalcium phosphate (OCP), which is a mineral crystal capable of stimulating osteoblastic differentiation during a conversion process to hydroxyapatite (HA). The ST-2 cell suspension in the alginate solution, which contained various concentrations of OCP granules with diameters less than 53 μm, was extruded drop-wise into a stirred gelation solution containing BaCl 2 using an encapsulator with nitrogen gas stream. The Alg-microbeads (Alg/OCP · ST-2 microbeads) that were generated, which had a diameter of approximately 400 μm, were incubated for up to 14 d and then assessed for osteoblastic differentiation. Alg-microbeads with cells were also incubated to identify the possible conversion from OCP to HA. Osteoblast differentiation markers in ST-2 cells, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and collagen type I, were up-regulated in the presence of higher amounts of OCP. X-ray diffraction analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed that the OCP tended to convert to HA over time, suggesting that the OCP in Alg-microbeads interacts three-dimensionally with ST-2 cells and stimulates its osteoblastic differentiation. The release of ST-2 cells from the microbeads was also estimated. ST-2 cells were identified outside of the microbeads, although the cell number tended to decrease with increasing OCP. These results suggest that Alg/OCP microbeads could be used as a vehicle to activate osteoblastic cells and deliver them to sites where bone regeneration is needed. (paper)

Scolarisation

African Journals Online (AJOL)

sulaiman.adebowale

4 mars 2008 ... Conseil pour le développement de la recherche en sciences sociales en ... en Algérie la femme en elle-même n'a pas de position sociale, .... Littérature .... CENEAP, 2001, Genre et développement en Algérie, revue n° 19.

Preparation, Characterization and Properties of Alginate/Poly(γ-glutamic acid) Composite Microparticles.

Science.gov (United States)

Tong, Zongrui; Chen, Yu; Liu, Yang; Tong, Li; Chu, Jiamian; Xiao, Kecen; Zhou, Zhiyu; Dong, Wenbo; Chu, Xingwu

2017-04-11

Alginate (Alg) is a renewable polymer with excellent hemostatic properties and biocapability and is widely used for hemostatic wound dressing. However, the swelling properties of alginate-based wound dressings need to be promoted to meet the requirements of wider application. Poly( γ -glutamic acid) (PGA) is a natural polymer with high hydrophility. In the current study, novel Alg/PGA composite microparticles with double network structure were prepared by the emulsification/internal gelation method. It was found from the structure characterization that a double network structure was formed in the composite microparticles due to the ion chelation interaction between Ca 2+ and the carboxylate groups of Alg and PGA and the electrostatic interaction between the secondary amine group of PGA and the carboxylate groups of Alg and PGA. The swelling behavior of the composite microparticles was significantly improved due to the high hydrophility of PGA. Influences of the preparing conditions on the swelling behavior of the composites were investigated. The porous microparticles could be formed while compositing of PGA. Thermal stability was studied by thermogravimetric analysis method. Moreover, in vitro cytocompatibility test of microparticles exhibited good biocompatibility with L929 cells. All results indicated that such Alg/PGA composite microparticles are a promising candidate in the field of wound dressing for hemostasis or rapid removal of exudates.

Brachionus plicatilis (Rotifer'in Farklı Besin Ortamlarında Büyümesi.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bircan Özbaş

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Farklı besin diyetlerinin rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis kültürlerinin büyümesi üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırıldığı bu çalışmada, rotiferler Nannochloropsis sp., ekmek mayası (Saccharomyces cerevisiae ve kurutulmuş Spirulina tozu ile beslendi. İlk denemede, optimum Spirulina konsantrasyonu günde 0.01 g / 106 rotifer olarak bulundu. Deneme gruplarında alg, alg+maya, alg+Spirulina, maya+Spirulina ve maya/2+Spirulina olmak üzere 5 deneme grubu oluşturuldu. Mikroskobik gözlemlerde, Spirulina partikülleri havanda ezilmiş olmasına rağmen rotiferler tarafından tüketilemeyecek boyutta idi. Sonuç olarak, alg içeren grupların en iyi büyümeyi gösterdiği tespit edildi. Spirulina ise partikül büyüklüğünden dolayı rotiferler tarafından alınamadı. Maya hücreleri ise rotifer hücreleri için optimum büyüklükte olmasına rağmen, ortam kirliliğine neden olması bakımından alg ile beslenen gruplara göre daha düşük bir büyüme gösterdi

Ansiedade e aprendizagem: um estudo com díades resolvendo problemas algébricos Anxiety and learning: peer interaction in solving algebraic problems

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Helga Loos

2004-12-01

Full Text Available Partindo de uma perspectiva construtivista e interacionista, pesquisadores têm apontado o conflito sócio-cognitivo como situação que favorece o desenvolvimento cognitivo em estudantes que resolvem problemas conjuntamente. Com base no pressuposto de que elementos afetivos estão interligados aos sociais e cognitivos, o estudo teve por objetivo observar como oito duplas de estudantes de sexta e sétima séries gerenciavam, simultaneamente, a busca de solução para quatro problemas algébricos, a relação interpessoal e a ansiedade gerada pelas dificuldades eventualmente encontradas. As sessões foram videografadas e analisadas qualitativamente. Observou-se que: (1 todas as duplas manifestaram ansiedade relacionada às dificuldades da tarefa; (2 uma boa interação facilitou o gerenciamento dessa ansiedade; (3 uma má interação piorou o desempenho, sendo fonte adicional de ansiedade e desencorajando o desencadeamento de conflitos sócio-cognitivos; (4 uma boa interação e um gerenciamento adequado da ansiedade não puderam garantir um bom desempenho na tarefa quando, a pelo menos um dos participantes, faltavam os requisitos cognitivos mínimos para dominá-la.From a constructionist and interactionist perspective, researchers have shown that the socio-cognitive conflict leads to a cognitive development by students in solving-problem tasks in small groups. Based on the paradigm that affective factors are interconnected to the social and cognitive ones, this study aimed to observe sixteen 6th and 7th grade students in working in pairs, how they manage simultaneously: the solution search to four given algebraic problems, the interpersonal relationship and the anxiety generated by the difficulties eventually found. The sessions were recorded in video and qualitatively analyzed. It was observed that: (1 all groups manifested anxiety related to the difficulties of the task; (2 good interactions facilitated anxiety management; (3 bad interactions

Autophagy promotes degradation of polyethyleneimine–alginate nanoparticles in endothelial progenitor cells

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wang GD

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Guo-dong Wang, Yu-zhen Tan, Hai-jie Wang, Pei Zhou Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Medical School of Fudan University, Shanghai, China Abstract: Polyethyleneimine (PEI–alginate (Alg nanoparticle (NP is a safe and effective vector for delivery of siRNA or DNA. Recent studies suggest that autophagy is related to cytotoxicity of PEI NPs. However, contribution of autophagy to degradation of PEI–Alg NPs remains unknown. CD34+VEGFR-3+ endothelial progenitor cells isolated from rat bone marrow were treated with 25 kDa branched PEI modified by Alg. After treatment with the NPs, morphological changes and distribution of the NPs in the cells were examined with scanning and transmission electron microscopies. Cytotoxicity of the NPs was analyzed by reactive oxygen species (ROS production, lactate dehydrogenase leakage and induction of apoptosis. The level of autophagy was assessed with expression of Beclin-1 and LC3 and formation of autophagic structures and amphisomes. Colocalization of LC3-positive puncta and the NPs was determined by LC3–GFP tracing. Cytotoxicity of PEI NPs was reduced greatly after modification with Alg. PEI–Alg NPs were distributed in mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticula and nuclei as well as cytoplasm. After phagocytosis of the NPs, expression of Beclin-1 mRNA and LC3 protein was upregulated, and the number of LC3-positive puncta, autophagic structures and amphisomes increased significantly. The number of lysosomes also increased obviously. There were LC3-positive puncta in nuclei, and some puncta were colocalized with the NPs. These results demonstrate that the activated autophagy promotes degradation of PEI–Alg NPs via multiple pathways. Keywords: polyethyleneimine, alginate, nanoparticles, endothelial progenitor cells, autophagy

Production of volatiles in fresh-cut apple: effect of applying alginate coatings containing linoleic acid or isoleucine.

Science.gov (United States)

Maya-Meraz, Irma O; Espino-Díaz, Miguel; Molina-Corral, Francisco J; González-Aguilar, Gustavo A; Jacobo-Cuellar, Juan L; Sepulveda, David R; Olivas, Guadalupe I

2014-11-01

One of the main quality parameters in apples is aroma, its main precursors are fatty acids (FA) and amino acids (AA). In this study, alginate edible coatings were used as carriers of linoleic acid or isoleucine to serve as precursors for the production of aroma in cut apples. Apple wedges were immersed in a CaCl2 solution and coated with one of the following formulations: alginate solution (Alg-Ca), Alg-Ca-low-level linoleic acid (0.61 g/Lt), (LFA), Alg-Ca-high-level linoleic acid (2.44 g/L; HFA), Alg-Ca-low-level isoleucine (0.61 g/L; LAA), and Alg-Ca-high-level isoleucine (2.44 g/L; HAA). Apple wedges were stored at 3 °C and 85% relative humidity for 21 d and key volatiles were studied during storage. Addition of precursors, mainly isoleucine, showed to increase the production of some key volatiles on coated fresh-cut apples during storage. The concentration of 2-methyl-1-butanol was 4 times higher from day 12 to day 21 in HAA, while 2-methyl butyl acetate increased from day 12 to day 21 in HAA. After 21 d, HAA-apples presented a 40-fold value of 2-methyl-butyl acetate, compared to Alg-Ca cut apples. Values of hexanal increased during cut apple storage when the coating carried linoleic acid, mainly on HFA, from 3 to 12 d. The ability of apples to metabolize AA and FA depends on the concentration of precursors, but also depends on key enzymes, previous apple storage, among others. Further studies should be done to better clarify the behavior of fresh-cut apples as living tissue to metabolize precursors contained in edible coatings for the production of volatiles. © 2014 Institute of Food Technologists®

Çokanlamlilik Ve Değiştirim Üzerine Anlambilimsel Bir Çalişma: Fransizcada Algilama Eylemleri Une Etude Sémantique Sur La Polysémie Et La Commutation : Le Cas Des Verbes De Perception En Français

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fulya BOYRAZ

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Dans ce travail, nous avons distingué l’expression linguistique dela perception d’une phénoménologie de la perception et nous n’avonsétudié que les “verbes de perception”. Il faut noter justement ici que lesverbes dont le contenu sémantique désigne le perceptible (comme puer,luire… sont très différents des verbes qui imposent l’achèvement de laperception (voir, entendre… et des verbes dont la signification impliqueune intention précise (regarder, toucher, écouter…. Dans ce cadre, cespremiers sont écartés de cette étude. Cet article vise à aborder lesproblèmes engendrés par la polysémie et la commutation. Nous avonssuivi une démarche sémantique et discursive en vue d’observer lesacceptions de ces verbes et d’exposer les sous-catégories en tenantcompte de la richesse d’expression que fournissent ces verbes.Il est possible de définir la commutation comme fait desubstitutiond’un mot par un autre lorsqu’ils sont polysémiques ou lorsqu’ilsrenvoient à la même zone de signification. Bien que les verbes deperception en français soient polysémiques, il n’est pas difficile derelever le sens discursif en tenant compte du contexte et lacommutation peut se faire selon les possibilités du contexte. Toutefois,il y a des cas où ces verbes sont employés pour désigner plutôt lerésultat d’une activité intellectuelle et ils recouvrent dans ce cadre, lasignification du verbe “comprendre”. Le fait qui ne permet pas tojoursune commutation entre ces verbes et qui pose certains problèmesdidactiques, surtout pour expliquer le sens linguistique et la valeurdiscursive dans l’enseignement du français langue étrangère. Bu çalışmada, algılamanın dilsel ifadesi olan sözcükler, bir olgu olan “algı”dan ayrılmış ve sadece sözcük türü olarak “algılama eylemleri” araştırma konusu yapılmıştır. Anlamsal içeriği, kokmak, parıldamak, çatırdamak gibi algılananın alg

Study of astrophysically important resonant states in 26Si by the 28Si(4He,6He)26Si reaction

Science.gov (United States)

Kwon, Young Kwan; Lee, C. S.; Moon, J. Y.; Lee, J. H.; Kim, J. Y.; Kubono, S.; Iwasa, N.; Inafiki, K.; Yamaguchi, H.; He, J. J.; Saito, A.; Wakabayashi, Y.; Fukijawa, H.; Amadio, G.; Khiem, L. H.; Tanaka, M.; Chen, A.; Kato, S.

PoS(NIC-IX)024 , b, H. Yamaguchia, J. J. Hea , A. Saitoa , Y. Wakabayashia, H. Fujikawaa, G. The emission of 1.809 MeV gamma-ray from the first excited state of 26 Mg followed by beta- decay of 26 Al in its ground state (denoted as 26 Alg.s. ) has been identified by gamma-ray telescopes such the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO) [1]. To resolve controversy over the pos- sible sources of the observational 1.809 MeV gamma-rays, one needs accurate knowledge of the production rate of 26 Al. The 25 Al(p,γ)26Si reaction which is the competition reaction for produc- tion of 26 Alg.s. is one of the important subjects to be investigated. In this work, the astrophysically important 26 Si states above the proton threshold were studied via the 28 Si(4 He,6 He)26 Si reaction. We have preformed an angular distribution measurement using the high resolution QDD spectro- graph (PA) at Center for Nuclear Study (CNS), University of Tokyo. The experimental results and data analysis will be presented.

Pervaporation dehydration of ethanol by hyaluronic acid/sodium alginate two-active-layer composite membranes.

Science.gov (United States)

Gao, Chengyun; Zhang, Minhua; Ding, Jianwu; Pan, Fusheng; Jiang, Zhongyi; Li, Yifan; Zhao, Jing

2014-01-01

The composite membranes with two-active-layer (a capping layer and an inner layer) were prepared by sequential spin-coatings of hyaluronic acid (HA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) on the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) support layer. The SEM showed a mutilayer structure and a distinct interface between the HA layer and the NaAlg layer. The coating sequence of two-active-layer had an obvious influence on the pervaporation dehydration performance of membranes. When the operation temperature was 80 °C and water concentration in feed was 10 wt.%, the permeate fluxes of HA/Alg/PAN membrane and Alg/HA/PAN membrane were similar, whereas the separation factor were 1130 and 527, respectively. It was found that the capping layer with higher hydrophilicity and water retention capacity, and the inner layer with higher permselectivity could increase the separation performance of the composite membranes. Meanwhile, effects of operation temperature and water concentration in feed on pervaporation performance as well as membrane properties were studied. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Preparation of Ca-alginate coated nZVI core shell beads for uranium (VI) removal from aqueous solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shuhong Hu; Xiaoyan Lin; Yahui Zhang; Meiling Shi

2017-01-01

In this study, the core-shell nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)@Alg-Ca beads were synthesized by coaxial electronic injection method for removal of U (VI) from aqueous solution, and characterized by SEM, EDX and XPS. The results showed that the pseudo-second-order models and the Langmuir isotherm model fitted well with the data obtained. The removal mechanism may include both physical adsorption of U (VI) on the surface or inside of core-shell nZVI@Alg-Ca beads and subsequent reduction of U (VI) to U (IV). Therefore, the core-shell nZVI@Alg-Ca beads would have an application prospect in effective removal of U (VI) contamination from aqueous solution. (author)

CIBLAGE D'INFLATION ET CONDUITE DE LA POLITIQUE ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Administrateur

de l'amendement de la loi relative à la monnaie et au crédit, l'Algérie a explicitement ... la Banque d'Algérie, très importante pour la conduite de la politique monétaire. ..... matière de contrainte budgétaire entre les secteurs public et privé. En.

Fulltext PDF

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

MUSTAPHA BENCHARIFa,∗. aLaboratoire de Chimie des Matйriaux Constantine, Universitй Constantine 1, 25000 Constantine, Algйrie. bFacultй de Technologie, Universitй 20 Aoыt 1955, 21000 Skikda, Algйrie e-mail: m_bencharif@umc.edu.dz. MS received 19 April 2015; revised 8 July 2015; accepted 13 July 2015.

Dégradation du Xyloglucane par les souches de Paenibacillus polymyxa isolées de la rhizosphère du blé dur sur des sols Algériens

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Souad Athmani-Guemouri

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Les espèces du genre Paenibacillus secrètent une variété d’enzymes extracellulaires parmi lesquelles figurent plusieurs types de β glucanases. Nous avons réalisé un test de dégradation du xyloglucane sur 29 souches isolées par immunopiégeage et identifiées à P. polymyxa par le système API50CHB. Ces souches ont été groupées en séries qui correspondent aux échantillons de sols à partir desquels elles avaient été isolées. Des souches de références et des souches type E. coli ont été intégrées lors de cette étude pour comparer leur activité à celles des souches isolées des sols d’Algérie. Les résultats de cette recherche montrent que toutes les souches de P. polymyxa sont capables de dégrader le xyloglucane, alors que les souches des espèces testées n’ont pas cette activité. Ces résultats semblent suggérer que cette propriété est partagée par tous les P. polymyxa et qu’elle n’est pas liée au sol d’origine de nos souches ni à l’ancienneté de culture du blé de ces sols. Nous avons également montré que la xyloglucanase fait partie du pool d’enzymes inductibles qui ne sont normalement présentes qu’à l’état de traces dans les bactéries, et dont la synthèse est amplifiée considérablement en présence de leur substrat.

Short communication: Partial replacement of ground corn with algae meal in a dairy cow diet: Milk yield and composition, nutrient digestibility, and metabolic profile.

Science.gov (United States)

da Silva, G G; Ferreira de Jesus, E; Takiya, C S; Del Valle, T A; da Silva, T H; Vendramini, T H A; Yu, Esther J; Rennó, F P

2016-11-01

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of partially replacing dietary ground corn with a microalgae meal from Prototheca moriformis (composed of deoiled microalgae and soyhulls) on milk yield and composition, nutrient intake, total-tract apparent digestibility, and blood profile of lactating dairy cows. Twenty multiparous Holstein cows (57.7±49.4d in milk, 25.3±5.3 of milk yield, and 590±71kg of live weight at the start of experiment, mean ± standard deviation) were used in a cross-over design experiment, with 21-d periods. Diets were no microalgae meal (CON) or 91.8g/kg of microalgae meal partially replacing dietary ground corn (ALG). Cows showed similar milk yield and composition. The 3.5% fat-corrected milk production was 30.2±1.34kg/d for CON and 31.1±1.42kg/d for ALG. Despite cows having similar dry matter intake, ALG increased neutral detergent fiber and ether extract intake. In addition, cows fed ALG exhibited higher ether extract digestibility. No differences were detected in glucose, urea, amino-aspartate transferase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase blood concentrations. Feeding ALG increased the total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein in blood compared with CON. The microalgae meal may partially replace ground corn in diets of lactating cows without impairing the animal's performance. Copyright © 2016 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Controlled antiseptic release by alginate polymer films and beads.

Science.gov (United States)

Liakos, Ioannis; Rizzello, Loris; Bayer, Ilker S; Pompa, Pier Paolo; Cingolani, Roberto; Athanassiou, Athanassia

2013-01-30

Biodegradable polymeric materials based on blending aqueous dispersions of natural polymer sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex, which allow controlled antiseptic release, are presented. The developed materials are either free standing NaAlg films or Ca(2+)-cross-linked alginate beads, which properly combined with PVPI demonstrate antibacterial and antifungal activity, suitable for therapeutic applications, such as wound dressing. Glycerol was used as the plasticizing agent. Film morphology was studied by optical and atomic force microscopy. It was found that PVPI complex forms well dispersed circular micro-domains within the NaAlg matrix. The beads were fabricated by drop-wise immersion of NaAlg/PVPI/glycerol solutions into aqueous calcium chloride solutions to form calcium alginate beads encapsulating PVPI solution (CaAlg/PVPI). Controlled release of PVPI was possible when the composite films and beads were brought into direct contact with water or with moist media. Bactericidal and fungicidal properties of the materials were tested against Escherichia coli bacteria and Candida albicans fungi. The results indicated very efficient antibacterial and antifungal activity within 48 h. Controlled release of PVPI into open wounds is highly desired in clinical applications to avoid toxic doses of iodine absorption by the wound. A wide variety of applications are envisioned such as external and internal wound dressings with controlled antiseptic release, hygienic and protective packaging films for medical devices, and polymer beads as water disinfectants. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Alginate Encapsulation of Pluripotent Stem Cells Using a Co-axial Nozzle.

Science.gov (United States)

Horiguchi, Ikki; Sakai, Yasuyuki

2015-07-02

Pluripotent stem cells (PS cells) are the focus of intense research due to their role in regenerative medicine and drug screening. However, the development of a mass culture system would be required for using PS cells in these applications. Suspension culture is one promising culture method for the mass production of PS cells, although some issues such as controlling aggregation and limiting shear stress from the culture medium are still unsolved. In order to solve these problems, we developed a method of calcium alginate (Alg-Ca) encapsulation using a co-axial nozzle. This method can control the size of the capsules easily by co-flowing N₂ gas. The controllable capsule diameter must be larger than 500 µm because too high a flow rate of N₂ gas causes the breakdown of droplets and thus heterogeneous-sized capsules. Moreover, a low concentration of Alg-Na and CaCl₂ causes non-spherical capsules. Although an Alg-Ca capsule without a coating of Alg-PLL easily dissolves enabling the collection of cells, they can also potentially leak out from capsules lacking an Alg-PLL coating. Indeed, an alginate-PLL coating can prevent cellular leakage but is also hard to break. This technology can be used to research the stem cell niche as well as the mass production of PS cells because encapsulation can modify the micro-environment surrounding cells including the extracellular matrix and the concentration of secreted factors.

Eğitim Fakültelerinde Görev Yapmakta Olan Öğretim Elemanlarının Çokkültürlü Yeterlik Algılarının İncelenmesi Examining Multicultural Competence Perceptions of Education Faculty

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alper BAŞBAY

2013-03-01

ıduyulmasını sağlayacak biçimde ortak anlaşma çerçevesinde inşaedilmesi temel beklentidir. Özellikle ilköğretim ve ortaöğretimkurumlarında çalışan öğretmenlerin farklı kültürel özelliklere sahipöğrencilerine yönelik etkin bir çokkültürlü eğitim ortamı oluşturmasıgerektiği kaçınılmaz bir olgudur. Bu bağlamda öğretmen adaylarınıyetiştiren Eğitim Fakültelerinde görev yapmakta olan öğretimelemanlarının çokkültürlülüğe ilişkin bakış açılarının ortaya konulmasıgerekmektedir. Bu araştırmada Türkiye’deki üniversitelerin EğitimFakültelerinde görev yapmakta olan öğretim elemanlarının algıladıklarıçokkültürlü farkındalık, bilgi ve beceri düzeyleri ve bu yeterlikdüzeylerinin cinsiyet, unvan, iş deneyimi, yurtdışı deneyimi, yaşantınınçoğunun geçirildiği yer ve üniversitelerinin bulunduğu coğrafi bölgedeğişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılıklar gösterip göstermediğiincelenmiştir. Çalışmaya 63 Eğitim Fakültesinden 176’sı kadın ve 171’ierkek olmak üzere toplam 347 öğretim elemanı katılmıştır.Araştırmanın verileri “Çokkültürlü Yeterlik Algıları Ölçeği” iletoplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde çok değişkenli ANOVA (MANOVAkullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre Eğitim Fakültelerindegörev yapmakta olan öğretim elemanlarının çokkültürlü bilgi,farkındalık ve beceri yeterlik algılarının yüksek olduğu görülmüştür.Araştırmanın diğer bulgularına göre öğretim elemanlarının çokkültürlüyeterlik algılarında unvan, iş deneyimi, yaşantının çoğunun geçirildiğiyer ve üniversitelerinin bulunduğu coğrafi bölge değişkenlerine göreanlamlı farklılıklar bulunamamışken, cinsiyet ve yurtdışı deneyimolmak üzere iki demografik değişken yönünden istatistiksel olarakanlamlı farklılıklar görülmüştür. Kadın öğretim elemanlarının kültürelfarkındalık ve beceri düzeylerinin erkek �

Lie n-derivations on 7 -subspace lattice algebras

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

all x ∈ K and all A ∈ Alg L. Based on this result, a complete characterization of linear n-Lie derivations on Alg L is obtained. Keywords. J -subspace lattice algebras; Lie derivations; Lie n-derivations; derivations. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 47B47, 47L35. 1. Introduction. Let A be an algebra. Recall that a linear ...

Rank-one operators in reflexive one-sided A-submodules

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

R. Narasimhan (Krishtel eMaging) 1461 1996 Oct 15 13:05:22

unital operator algebra A in B(H) completely. Furthermore we investigate the invariant subspace lattice Lat R and the reflexive hull Ref R, where R is the submodule generated by rank-one operators in U; in particular, if L is a subspace lattice, we obtain when the rank-one algebra R of Alg L is big enough to determined Alg L ...

Le double destin des archives Jean Sénac

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Hamid Nacer-Khodja

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Les archives Jean Sénac (1926‑1973 sont constituées de deux fonds : un fonds déposé à la bibliothèque municipale de Marseille et un autre à la Bibliothèque nationale d’Algérie. Le premier fonds regroupe essentiellement les manuscrits de la période de l’écrivain en France (1950‑1952 et 1954‑1962. Le fonds de la Bibliothèque nationale d’Algérie – le plus riche quantitativement – correspond à deux grandes périodes de la vie et de l’œuvre de Sénac en Algérie, soit de 1926 à 1950 et de 1962 à 1973.

Synthesis and Characterization of Superabsorbent Sodium Alginate-G-Poly (Potassium Acrylate Hydrogels Prepared By Using Gamma Irradiation

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Erizal Erizal

2017-07-01

Full Text Available The aim of this research was to use gamma rays as sources for the preparation of superabsorbent hydrogels through radiation induced copolymerization. A series of superabsorbent hydrogels were prepared from aqueous solution containing partially neutralized acrylic acid (15% with different sodium alginate (NaAlg concentrations (0.5% to 1.5% by ionizing gamma irradiation (10 kGy to 40 kGy at room temperature. The effect of NaAlg concentration and irradiation doses on the water absorption behavior of the obtained hydrogels was investigated. The structural changes of hydrogels were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR whereas the morphologies of hydrogels were examined using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM. The results showed the swelling of hydrogel in water and NaCl solution increases with increasing NaAlg concentration and decreases with increasing irradiation dose up to 40 kGy. The extend of gel fraction increases as a function of NaAlg concentration. The results of FTIR analysis revealed that acrylic acid and sodium alginate had been successfully grafted, while SEM examination showed that the hydrogels demonstrated large numbers of pores.     

Perioperative Management of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Patient with Alagille Syndrome and Unrepaired Tetralogy of Fallot: Case Report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Fiorda-Diaz

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Alagille syndrome (ALGS is a genetic disorder associated with multisystem dysfunction involving the hepatic, cardiovascular, and neurologic systems. Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF, a congenital cardiac anomaly, is commonly found in these patients. Patients with ALGS may also have an increased risk of cerebrovascular abnormalities and bleeding. Ruptured cerebral aneurysm and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH may be developed, increasing the incidence of morbidity and mortality. Advances in neuroimaging and neurosurgery have allowed early identification and treatment of such vascular abnormalities, improving patients’ outcomes and reducing life-threatening complications such as intracranial bleeding. Authors describe the perioperative management of a patient with ALGS and TOF who was admitted to the emergency department due a ruptured intracranial aneurysm with concomitant SAH. Surgical treatment included diagnostic cerebral arteriography with coil embolization of a left posterior communicating artery aneurysm, and placement of right external ventricular drain (EVD. The combination of neuroprotective anesthetic techniques, fast emergence from anesthesia, and maintenance of intraoperative hemodynamic stability led to a successful perioperative management. A multidisciplinary approach in specialized centers is essential for the treatment of patients with SAH, especially in patients with ALGS and complex congenital heart disease such as TOF.

Alginate-Poly(ethylene glycol Hybrid Microspheres for Primary Cell Microencapsulation

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Redouan Mahou

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The progress of medical therapies, which rely on the transplantation of microencapsulated living cells, depends on the quality of the encapsulating material. Such material has to be biocompatible, and the microencapsulation process must be simple and not harm the cells. Alginate-poly(ethylene glycol hybrid microspheres (alg-PEG-M were produced by combining ionotropic gelation of sodium alginate (Na-alg using calcium ions with covalent crosslinking of vinyl sulfone-terminated multi-arm poly(ethylene glycol (PEG-VS. In a one-step microsphere formation process, fast ionotropic gelation yields spherical calcium alginate gel beads, which serve as a matrix for simultaneously but slowly occurring covalent cross-linking of the PEG-VS molecules. The feasibility of cell microencapsulation was studied using primary human foreskin fibroblasts (EDX cells as a model. The use of cell culture media as polymer solvent, gelation bath, and storage medium did not negatively affect the alg-PEG-M properties. Microencapsulated EDX cells maintained their viability and proliferated. This study demonstrates the feasibility of primary cell microencapsulation within the novel microsphere type alg-PEG-M, serves as reference for future therapy development, and confirms the suitability of EDX cells as control model.

In vitro hemocompatibility of PVA-alginate ester as a candidate for hemodialysis membrane.

Science.gov (United States)

Amri, Choirul; Mudasir, Mudasir; Siswanta, Dwi; Roto, Roto

2016-01-01

Alginate based biopolymer with improved physical and chemical properties after esterification using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been studied for possible application as a hemodialysis membrane. The alginic acid to vinyl alcohol molar ratio was predetermined at 0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1. Mechanical strength, hydrophilicity and Ca(2+) adsorption of the membrane before and after modification were evaluated. The obtained PVA-alginate (PVA-Alg) ester membrane was also confirmed using FTIR and SEM. It shows that the PVA-Alg membrane tensile strength is higher than that of native alginate. The water contact angle of the membrane was found to be around 33-50°. The Ca(2+) adsorption capacity tends to decrease with the increase in molar ratio. Furthermore, the modified PVA-Alg ester membrane achieves better protein adsorption and platelet adhesion than the unmodified one. It also exhibits a dialysis performance of 47.1-50.0% for clearance of urea and 42.2-44.6% for clearance of creatinine, respectively. It is expected that this PVA-Alg ester may challenge cellulose acetate for potential application as hemodialysis membranes. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Titania-Coated Silica Alone and Modified by Sodium Alginate as Sorbents for Heavy Metal Ions

Science.gov (United States)

Kołodyńska, D.; Gęca, M.; Skwarek, E.; Goncharuk, O.

2018-04-01

The novel organic-inorganic biohybrid composite adsorbent was synthesized based on nanosized silica-titania modified with alginate within the development of effective adsorbent for heavy metal ions. Effects of metal species Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II); concentrations; pH; temperature; and adsorption onto titania-coated silica (ST20) initial or modified by sodium alginate (ST20-ALG) were studied. The equilibrium and kinetic data of metal ions adsorption were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models and kinetic models: pseudo first order, pseudo second order, intraparticle kinetic model, and Elovich. The maximum sorption capacities observed were higher for the ST20-ALG composite compared to the initial ST20 oxide for all studied metal ions, namely their values for ST20-ALG were 22.44 mg g- 1 for Cu(II) adsorption, 19.95 mg g- 1 for Zn(II), 18.85 mg g- 1 for Cd(II), and 32.49 mg g- 1 for Pb(II). Structure and properties of initial silica-titania ST20 and modified by sodium alginate ST20-ALG adsorbents were analyzed using nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms, ATR-FTIR, SEM-EDS, and pHpzc techniques.

Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp. nov., a Novel Thermophilic Bacterium That Degrades Brown Algae.

Science.gov (United States)

Ji, Shi-Qi; Wang, Bing; Lu, Ming; Li, Fu-Li

2016-02-01

Brown algae are one of the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions. However, the mechanism for brown alga assimilation remains largely unknown in thermophilic microorganisms. In this work, a thermophilic alginolytic community was enriched from coastal sediment, from which an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain, designated Alg1, was isolated. Alg1 shared a 16S rRNA gene identity of 94.6% with Defluviitalea saccharophila LIND6LT2(T). Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies suggested strain Alg1 represented a novel species of the genus Defluviitalea, for which the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp. nov. is proposed. Alg1 exhibited an intriguing ability to convert carbohydrates of brown algae, including alginate, laminarin, and mannitol, to ethanol and acetic acid. Three gene clusters participating in this process were predicted to be in the genome, and candidate enzymes were successfully expressed, purified, and characterized. Six alginate lyases were demonstrated to synergistically deconstruct alginate into unsaturated monosaccharide, followed by one uronic acid reductase and two 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-gluconate (KDG) kinases to produce pyruvate. A nonclassical mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, catalyzing D-mannitol 1-phosphate to fructose 1-phosphate in the presence of NAD(+), and one laminarase also were disclosed. This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats. Copyright © 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Effective genetic modification and differentiation of hMSCs upon controlled release of rAAV vectors using alginate/poloxamer composite systems.

Science.gov (United States)

Díaz-Rodríguez, P; Rey-Rico, A; Madry, H; Landin, M; Cucchiarini, M

2015-12-30

Viral vectors are common tools in gene therapy to deliver foreign therapeutic sequences in a specific target population via their natural cellular entry mechanisms. Incorporating such vectors in implantable systems may provide strong alternatives to conventional gene transfer procedures. The goal of the present study was to generate different hydrogel structures based on alginate (AlgPH155) and poloxamer PF127 as new systems to encapsulate and release recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors. Inclusion of rAAV in such polymeric capsules revealed an influence of the hydrogel composition and crosslinking temperature upon the vector release profiles, with alginate (AlgPH155) structures showing the fastest release profiles early on while over time vector release was more effective from AlgPH155+PF127 [H] capsules crosslinked at a high temperature (50°C). Systems prepared at room temperature (AlgPH155+PF127 [C]) allowed instead to achieve a more controlled release profile. When tested for their ability to target human mesenchymal stem cells, the different systems led to high transduction efficiencies over time and to gene expression levels in the range of those achieved upon direct vector application, especially when using AlgPH155+PF127 [H]. No detrimental effects were reported on either cell viability or on the potential for chondrogenic differentiation. Inclusion of PF127 in the capsules was also capable of delaying undesirable hypertrophic cell differentiation. These findings are of promising value for the further development of viral vector controlled release strategies. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Comparison of Provider Types Who Performed Prehospital Lifesaving Interventions: A Prospective Study

Science.gov (United States)

2014-12-01

In less than 2 hours, 15 critically ill children were triaged and admitted to the PICU or surge spaces. Conclusions:Identified strengths included...details increasing telemedicine uti - lization during a 4 year period and outlines program structural changes that improved utilization. Methods: The study...population survival. CSC ICU resource- allocation algorithms (ALGs) exist for adults. Our goal was to evaluate a CSC pandemic ALG for children . Methods

Immobilization and release study of a red alga extract in hydrogel membranes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amaral, Renata Hage

2009-01-01

In pharmaceutical technology hydrogel is the most used among the polymeric matrices due to its wide application and functionality, primarily in drug delivery system. In view of the large advance innovations in cosmetic products, both through the introduction of new active agents as the matrices used for its controlled release, the objective of this study was to evaluate the release and immobilization of a natural active agent, the Arct'Alg in hydrogel membranes to obtain a release device for cosmetics. Arct'Alg is an aqueous extract which has excellent anti-oxidant, lipolytic, anti-inflammatory and cytostimulant action. Study on mechanical and physical-chemical properties and biocompatibility in vitro of hydrogel membranes of poly(vinyl-2- pyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) obtained by ionizing radiation crosslinking have been performed. The physical-chemical characterization of polymeric matrices was carried out by gel fraction and swelling tests and biocompatibility by in vitro test of cytotoxicity by using the technique of neutral red incorporation. In the gel fraction test, both the PVP and PVA hydrogel showed a high crosslinking degree. The PVP hydrogel showed a greater percentage of swelling in relation to PVA and the cytotoxicity test of the hydrogels showed non-toxicity effect. The cytostimulation property of Arct'Alg was verified by the cytostimulation test with rabbit skin cells, it was showed an increase at about 50% of the cells when in contact with 0,5% of active agent. The hydrogel membranes prepared with 3% of Arct'Alg were subjected to the release test in an incubator at 37 degree C and aliquots collected during the test were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results obtained in the kinetics of release showed that the PVP hydrogel membranes released about 50% of Arct'Alg incorporated and the PVA hydrogel membranes at about 30%. In the cytostimulation test of released Arct'Alg, the PVP device showed an

Müzik Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı 3. ve 4. Sınıf öğrencilerinin Piyano Performansı Özyeterlik Algıları ile Piyano Öğretim Elemanlarının Öğrencilerin Piyano Performansı Hakkındaki Görüşleri (Ege Bölgesi Örneği)

OpenAIRE

Pirlibeylioğlu, Bilge

2015-01-01

Piyano, müzik eğitimi veren tüm kurumlarda, özellikle Müzik Eğitimi Anabilim Dalları’nda zorunlu ders olarak yer almaktadır. Dolayısıyla müzik öğretmeni adaylarının piyano performansı sergilemesi kaçınılmazdır. Piyano performansı topluluk önünde sergilenmek zorunda olan bir olgu olduğundan; sahne kaygısı, özgüven, özyeterlik gibi duyuşsal özelliklerden büyük ölçüde etkilenmektedir. Bu araştırmada, piyano performansına ilişkin özyeterlik algısı üzerinde durulmuştur. Araştırmanın amacı, Ege Böl...

Novel ionically crosslinked acrylamide-grafted poly(vinyl alcohol)/sodium alginate/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose pH-sensitive microspheres for delivery of Alzheimer's drug donepezil hydrochloride: Preparation and optimization of release conditions.

Science.gov (United States)

Bulut, Emine; Şanlı, Oya

2016-01-01

In this work, the graft copolymer, poly(vinyl alcohol)-grafted polyacrylamide (PVA-g-PAAm), was synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and elemental analysis. Microspheres of PVA-g-PAAm/sodium alginate (NaAlg)/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) were prepared by the emulsion-crosslinking method and used for the delivery of an Alzheimer's drug, donepezil hydrochloride (DP). The release of DP increased with the increase in drug/polymer ratio (d/p) and PVA-g-PAAm/NaAlg/NaCMC ratio, while it decreased with the increase in the extent of crosslinking. The optimum DP release was obtained as 92.9% for a PVA-g-PAAm/NaAlg/NaCMC ratio of 1/2/1, d/p ratio of 1/8, and FeCl3 concentration of 7% (w/v).

ÖRGÜTSEL YAŞAMDA DEDİKODUNUN ALGILANIŞI VE ARAÇSALLIĞI

OpenAIRE

LEBLEBİCİ, Doğan Nadi; YILDIZ, Hasan Hüseyin; KARASOY, Alpay

2009-01-01

Sosyal hayatta genellikle olumsuz bir anlam yüklenen dedikodu örgütsel yaşamda varlığı inkar edilemez bir gerçektir. Dedikodu, “konusu çekiştirme ya da kınama olan konuşma” şeklinde tanımlanmaktadır. Oysa örgütsel yaşamda, dedikodu, informal iletişim biçimi de dahil olmak üzere farklı biçimlerde algılanabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada bir yüksek öğretim kurumunda dedikodunun bireylerin kavrama ilişkin genel algısı ve örgütsel yaşamdaki araçsallığına ilişkin algıları sorgulanmıştır. Toplam 19 soruda...

Algkoolilapse elukvaliteet tänapäeva Eestis / Leida Talts

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Talts, Leida

2001-01-01

Kirjutis tugineb artikli autori - TPÜ kasvatusteaduste teaduskonna algõpetuse õppetooli professori Leida Taltsi ja algõpetuse eriala üliõpilaste poolt 1998-2000.a. kogutud lapse kasvukeskkonda puudutavatel materjalidel. 10-13-aastaste õpilaste arenguvõimaluste võrdleval analüüsimisel kasutati 1999.a. läbi viidud üle-eestilist ankeetküsitlust. Analüüsis käsitleti õpilaste hinnanguid oma kasvukeskkonna tingimustele perekonnas, koolis ja mujal

Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide loaded sodium alginate micro-particles prepared via electrospraying in controlled deposition environments.

Science.gov (United States)

Yao, Zhi-Cheng; Jin, Li-Jie; Ahmad, Zeeshan; Huang, Jie; Chang, Ming-Wei; Li, Jing-Song

2017-05-30

Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) is a functional food source deployed in preventative medicine. However, applications utilizing GLP are limited due to oxidative and acidic environmental damage. Advances in preserving GLP structure (and therefore function), in situ, will diversify their applications within biomedical fields (drug and antibacterial active delivery via the enteral route). In this study, GLP loaded sodium alginate (NaAlg) micro-particles (size range 225-355μm) were generated using the electrospray (ES) process. The loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of GLP for composite particles (collected at different temperatures) were ∼23% and 71%, respectively. The collection substrate (CaCl 2 , 1-20w/v%) concentration was explored and preliminary findings indicated a 10w/v% solution to be optimal. The process was further modified by manipulating the collection environment temperature (∼25 to 50°C). Based on this, NaAlg/GLP micro-particles were engineered with variable surface morphologies (porous and crinkled), without effecting the chemical composition of either material (GLP and NaAlg). In-vitro release studies demonstrated pH responsive release rates. Modest release of GLP from micro-particles in simulated gastric fluid (pH ∼1.7) was observed, while rapid release was exhibited under simulated intestinal conditions (pH ∼7.4). Release of GLP from NaAlg beads was the greatest from samples prepared at elevated environmental temperatures. These findings demonstrate a facile route to fabricate GLP-NaAlg loaded micro-particles with various shapes, surface topographies and release characteristics via a one-step ES process. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa alginate is refractory to Th1 immune response and impedes host immune clearance in a mouse model of acute lung infection

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Song, Zhijun; Wu, Hong; Ciofu, Oana

2003-01-01

. The effect of alginate production on pathogenicity was investigated by using an acute lung infection mouse model that compared a non-mucoid P. aeruginosa strain, PAO1, to its constitutive alginate-overproducing derivative, Alg(+) PAOmucA22, and an alginate-defective strain, Alg(-) PAOalgD. Bacterial......Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic respiratory pathogen that accounts for most of the morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. In CF-affected lungs, the bacteria undergo conversion from a non-mucoid to a non-tractable mucoid phenotype, due to overproduction of alginate...... suspensions were instilled into the left bronchus and examined 24 and 48 h post-infection. The highest bacterial loads and the most severe lung pathology were observed with strain Alg(-) PAOalgD at 24 h post-infection, which may have been due to an increase in expression of bacterial elastase by the mutant...

205 Apport de l'approche systémique des systèmes d'élevage à l ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Ben

Mots-clés : télédétection, steppe, désertification, enquête, Naâma, Algérie. Abstract ... Algérie, près de 500.000 hectares de terres en zones steppiques sont en voie de désertification, et plus de 7 millions ..... parcours, malgré le faible rendement qui ne dépasse guerre 3 q x /ha selon la Direction des Services. Agricoles [9].

Alginate/hydrophobic HPMC (60M particulate systems: new matrix for site-specific and controlled drug delivery

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kajal Ghosal

2011-12-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to obtain site-specific and controlled drug release particulate systems. Some particulates were prepared using different concentrations of sodium alginate (Na-Alg alone and others were formulated using different proportions of Na-Alg with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC stearoxy ether (60M viscosity grade, a hydrophobic form of conventional HPMC, using diclofenac potassium (DP by ion-exchange methods. Beads were characterized by encapsulation efficiency, release profile, swelling, and erosion rate. The suitability of common empirical (zero-order, first-order and Higuchi and semi-empirical (Ritger-Peppas and Peppas-Sahlin models was studied to describe the drug release profile. The Weibull model was also studied. Models were tested by non-linear least-square curve fitting. A general purpose mathematical software (MATLAB was used as an analysis tool. In addition, instead of the widely used linear fitting of log-transformed data, direct fitting was used to avoid any sort of truncation or transformation errors. The release kinetics of the beads indicated a purely relaxation-controlled delivery, referred to as case II transport. Weibull distribution showed a close fit. The release of DP from Na-Alg particulates was complete in 5-6 hours, whereas from Na-Alg hydrophobic HPMC particulate systems, release was sustained up to 10 hours. Hydrophobic HPMC with Na-Alg is an excellent matrix to formulate site-specific and controlled drug release particulate systems.Este estudo teve como objetivo a obtenção de sistemas particulados para a liberação controlada de fármacos em sítios de ação específicos. Algumas partículas foram preparadas utilizando-se diferentes concentrações de alginato de sódio (Na-Alg e outras foram formuladas por diferentes proporções de Na-Alg com estearoxílico éter de hidroxipropilmetilcelulose (HPMC (grau de viscosidade 60M, uma forma hidrofóbica do convencional HPMC, utilizando o diclofenaco de pot

Design and implementation of scalable IPv4-IPv6 internetworking gateway

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Guo-sheng; Yu, Shao-hua; Dai, Jin-you

2008-11-01

This paper proposed a scalable architecture of IPv4-IPv6 internetworking gateway based on EZchip 10Gbps network processor NP-1c. The Application Layer Gateway(ALG) of control plane can be upgraded without needing to modify the data forwarding plane.A SIP ALG of 3GPP IMS(IP Multimedia Subsystem)was implemented and tested under real China Next Generation Internet(CNGI) network environment.IPv4 SIP UEs can communicate with IPv6 SIP UEs through the gateway.

Eléments de calcul numérique

CERN Document Server

Démidovitch, B

1973-01-01

Le présent ouvrage est un exposé de problèmes de calcul numérique rédigé sur la base du cours de mathématiques supérieures dans les Universités techniques. Tous les renseignements auxiliaires sur l'algèbre linéaire et la théorie des espaces vectoriels sont également contenus dans l'ouvrage. Parmi les questions traitées dans le manuel citons : opérations sur les nombres approchés, calcul des valeurs d'une fonction, résolution approchée et numérique des équations algébriques et transcendantes, méthodes numériques de l'algèbre linéaire, interpolation des fonctions, dérivation et intégration rapprochée, éléments de la méthode de Monte-Carlo.

Development and characterization of a new carrier for vaccine delivery based on calcium-alginate nanoparticles: Safe immunoprotective approach against scorpion envenoming.

Science.gov (United States)

Nait Mohamed, Faez Amokrane; Laraba-Djebari, Fatima

2016-05-23

To enhance humoral defense against diseases, vaccine formulation is routinely prepared to improve immune response. Studies in nanomaterials as a carrier of vaccine delivery are promising and interesting. In this study, attenuated Androctonus australis hector (Aah) venom and its toxic fraction were encapsulated into different formulations inside calcium-alginate nanoparticles (Ca-Alg Nps), and used as a vaccine delivery system against scorpion envenomation. Ca-Alg Nps were prepared by ionic gelation and characterized. An immunization schedule was undertaken in rabbits in order to study how Aah venom entrapped in Ca-Alg Nps might induce protective immunity. Results showed the influence of different parameters on the suitable nanoparticle formation. They also showed no toxicity of free Ca-Alg Nps and a different inflammatory profile depending on the nanovaccine formulations. More interestingly, evaluation of specific IgG titer and IgG1/IgG2a isotype balance revealed a protective effect with the nanoparticles encapsulating the attenuated antigens. Challenge up to 6 LD 50 of native venom, allowed to an important immunoprotection of all immunized rabbits, with no recorded death. Taken together and with respect to the properties of nanoparticles and high immunogenicity, calcium-alginate nanoparticles could be considered as a new promising adjuvant system and a vaccine delivery against scorpion envenomation. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Lider-Üye Etkileşiminin İşgören Performansına Etkisinde Çalışanların Örgütsel Adalet Algılarının Rolü

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Hakan TURGUT

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmanın amacı, lider-üye etkileşiminin çalışanların örgütsel adalet algıları ile performansları üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek ve örgütsel adaletin, lider-üye etkileşimi ile işgören performansı arasındaki ilişkide aracılık rolünün bulunup bulunmadığını araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla Çorum’da bulunan orta öğretim seviyesindeki 20 farklı okulda görevli 471 öğretmenin katılımı ile bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; lider üye etkileşiminin, örgütsel adalet boyutlarını (dağıtım, işlemsel, kişilerarası, bilgisel ve işgören performansını, işlemsel, kişilerarası ve bilgisel adaletin de işgören performansını anlamlı ve pozitif yönde etkilediği görülmüş, ayrıca işlemsel, kişilerarası ve bilgisel adaletin lider üye etkileşimi ile işgören performansı ilişkisinde tam aracılık rollerinin bulunduğu belirlenmiştir.

Encapsulation of probiotic Bifidobacterium longum BIOMA 5920 with alginate-human-like collagen and evaluation of survival in simulated gastrointestinal conditions.

Science.gov (United States)

Su, Ran; Zhu, Xiao-Li; Fan, Dai-Di; Mi, Yu; Yang, Chan-Yuan; Jia, Xin

2011-12-01

Alginate (ALg)-human-like collagen (HLC) microspheres were prepared by the technology of electrostatic droplet generation in order to develop a biocompatible vehicle for probiotic bacteria. Microparticles were spherical with mean particle size of 400μm. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) of ALg-HLC microspheres could reach 92-99.2%. Water-soluble and fibrous human-like collagen is combined with sodium alginate through intermolecular hydrogen bonding and electrostatic force which were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thus the matrix of ALg-HLC was very stable. Bifidobacterium longum BIOMA 5920, as a kind of probiotic bacteria, was encapsulated with alginate-human-like collagen to survive and function in simulated gastrointestinal juice. Microparticles were very easy to degradation in simulated intestinal juices. After incubation in simulated gastric (pH 2.0, 2h), the encapsulated B. longum BIOMA 5920 numbers were 4.81 ± 0.38 log cfu/g. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Wheat germ agglutinin-functionalised crosslinked polyelectrolyte microparticles for local colon delivery of 5-FU

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Glavas-Dodov,, Marija; Steffansen, Bente; Srcarevska, Maja

2013-01-01

We have previously reported the development and characterisation of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-functionalised chitosan-Ca-alginate (CTS-Ca-ALG) microparticles (MPs) loaded with acid-resistant particles of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In the present work, our goal was to evaluate the potential of these......We have previously reported the development and characterisation of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-functionalised chitosan-Ca-alginate (CTS-Ca-ALG) microparticles (MPs) loaded with acid-resistant particles of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In the present work, our goal was to evaluate the potential......-Ca-ALG MPs and WGA conjugates. The concentration of 5-FU associated with Caco-2 cells was significantly greater when delivered from MPs. By incorporation of 5-FU into MPs and further decoration with WGA, an increased [methyl-³H]thymidine uptake was observed few hours after continuous drug treatment followed...... by significantly reduced uptake after 6 h. Gastrointestinal distribution was in favour of increased localisation and concentration of the particles in colon region....

Le dysfonctionnement socio-spatial des grands ensembles en Algérie: technique de l’analyse wayfinding par méthode “movement traces” et l’analyse morphologique (syntaxe spatiale par logiciel “depthmap”

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Amara Hima

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Résumé La technique de l’analyse syntaxique de la visibilité (Visibility Graph Analysis – VGA et de l’accessibilité (All Line Analysis – ALA par logiciel “DepthMap©(UCL, Londres” et l’analyse du dysfonctionnement wayfinding par méthode “movement traces”, sont utilisées dans ce papier afin de développer un modèle d’analyse et d’investigation de l’impact des changements spatiaux sur le dysfonctionnement socio-spatial du wayfinding, ainsi sur la reproduction urbaine, notamment les transformations des façades et l’appropriation des espaces extérieurs dans les grands ensembles en Algérie. Nous donnons ici le cas d’étude de la cité 1000 logt-Biskra et la cité 500 logt-M’sila. Afin de vérifier cette hypothèse, un modèle d’analyse hybride a été développé par croisement des résultats d’analyses des deux techniques. Par conséquent, le schéma de l’interférence montre que la majorité des piétons préfèrent parcourir les axes courts et droits — caractérisés par une forte propriété syntaxique de visibilité et d’accessibilité (l’intégration, la connectivité et l’intelligibilité — en directions des équipements adjacents et aux milieux des deux cités. Ces itinéraires ont un impact sur les transformations des façades et l’appropriation des espaces extérieurs. Le modèle développé promet de futures recherches sur le plan de la quantification, la modélisation et la simulation du processus de la reproduction urbaine, notamment par les automates cellulaires.

AVM ÇEVRESİNİN AVM İMAJI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: MÜŞTERİ DUYGULARI VE ALGILANAN KALİTENİN ROLÜ HAZCI VE FAYDACI ALIŞ-VERİŞ DEĞERLERİ ARASINDAKİ FARKLILIKLAR - THE EFFECT OF MALL ENVIRONMENT ON MALL IMAGE: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF CUSTOMER EMOTIONS AND PERCEIVED Q

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Sertaç ÇİFCİ

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Özet:Tüketicilerin AVM’lere yönelik ilgisi; ulaşım,mağazaları toplu bir şekilde bulabilme ve sosyal-kültürelaktiviteler gibi nedenlerden dolayı giderek artmaktadır.Tüketicilerin tercihlerinde ön plana çıkmak isteyen AVM’leriçin en önemli kaynaklardan birisi de AVM imajıdır. Buçalışmada, AVM çevresinin, AVM imajı üzerindeki etkisiincelenmeye çalışılmıştır ve AVM çevresinin imaj üzerindekietkisinde, algılanan kalite ve müşteri duygularının ara rolleriele alınmıştır. Buna ek olarak, hazcı/faydacı alış-verişdeğerlerine göre imaj, kalite algılamaları ve müşteri duygularıaçısında farklılıklar incelenmiştir. Çalışma bulgularında,AVM çevresini oluşturan sosyal, tasarım ve ortamfaktörlerinin, müşteri duyguları üzerinde olumlu etkisininolduğu saptanmıştır. Müşteri duygularından uyarılmaduygusu zevk duygusunu, zevk duygusu da algılanan kaliteyiolumlu yönde etkilemektedir. Algılanan kalitenin de, AVMimaj algılamaları üzerinde etkisi vardır. Bunlara ek olarak,alış-veriş değerlerine göre imaj, kalite algılamaları ve müşteriduyguları farklılık göstermektedir. Hazcı alış-veriş değerinesahip bireyler, faydacı bireylere kıyasla, daha yüksek uyarılmave zevk duygusu ile, kalite ve imaj algılamalarına sahiptirler.Abstract:Different reasons like transportation, availability ofcollective shops and presence of social-cultural activities hasincreased the interest of consumers in malls. The mall image isan important source of advantage for the malls which want tobe most preferred by customers. This study investigates theimpact of mall environment on mall image by using customeremotions and perceived quality as mediating variables. Resultsshowed that social, design and atmospheric factors of the mallenvironment has positive impact on customers’ emotions. Thearousal emotion of shoppers has positive influence on theirpleasure emotion, which in turn has

CLASSIFICATION OF 4-DIMENSIONAL GRADED ALGEBRAS

OpenAIRE

Armour, Aaron; Chen, Hui-Xiang; ZHANG, Yinhuo

2009-01-01

Let k be an algebraically closed field. The algebraic and geometric classification of finite dimensional algebras over k with ch(k) not equal 2 was initiated by Gabriel in [6], where a complete list of nonisomorphic 4-dimensional k-algebras was given and the number of irreducible components of the variety Alg(4) was discovered to be 5. The classification of 5-dimensional k-algebras was done by Mazzola in [10]. The number of irreducible components of the variety Alg(5) is 10. With the dimensio...

Adsorption properties of technetium and rhenium for hybrid microcapsules enclosing Toa extractant

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wu, Y.; Mimura, H.; Niibori, Y. [Tohoku University, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba 6-6-01-2, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi-ken, 980-8579 Japan (Japan); Koyama, S.; Ohnishi, T., E-mail: yanwu@cyric.tohoku.ac.j [Japan Atomic Energy Agency, O-arai Research and Development Center, Fuels and Materials Department, Alpha-Gamma Section, Narita-cho 4002, O-arai-machi, Ibaraki, 311-1393 Japan (Japan)

2010-10-15

Special attention has been given to the separation and recovery of the VII-group elements Tc and Re, in relation to the partitioning of high-level liquid waste (HLLW) generated from the nuclear fuel reprocessing process. In this study, a tertiary amine (tri-n-octylamine Toa), which is effective for the extraction of oxo anions, was encapsulated in a calcium alginate gel polymer (CaALG), and the adsorption behaviours of TcO{sub 4} and ReO{sub 4}{sup -} in the presence of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid were examined by using calcium alginate microcapsules (M Cs) enclosing Toa extractant (Toa-CaALG M Cs). The order of the distribution coefficient K{sub d} for different oxo anions at 0.1 M HNO{sub 3} was ReO{sub 4}{sup -}> WO{sub 4}{sup 2-}> CrO{sub 4}{sup 2-} {approx} MoO{sub 4}{sup 2-}>> SeO{sub 3}{sup 2-}. Toa-CaALG still exhibited high uptake ability for ReO{sub 4}{sup -} even after irradiation with {sup 60}Co {gamma}-rays (dose: 17.6 kGy). Uptake of TcO{sub 4}{sup -} in the presence of 1 M HNO{sub 3} was readily attained within 3 h. Relatively large K{sub d} values above 10{sup 2} cm{sup 3}/g were obtained for Toa-CaALG in the presence of 0.01 {approx} 1 M HNO{sub 3}. All of the TcO{sub 4}{sup -} was successfully adsorbed by Toa-CaALG from the simulated HLLW. The adsorbed TcO{sub 4}{sup -} was then effectively eluted with 5 M or 7 M HNO{sub 3} solution. Further, the selective uptake of ReO{sub 4}{sup -} (a chemical analogue of TcO{sub 4}{sup -}) was confirmed by using actual HLLW (Fbr, Joyo, JAEA), and uptake (%) above 99% was obtained. Toa-CaALG was thus effective for the selective separation and recovery of TcO{sub 4}{sup -} and ReO{sub 4}{sup -} from waste solutions containing highly concentrated HNO{sub 3} and NaNO{sub 3}. Microencapsulation techniques with alginate gel polymer can be applied to other ion exchangers and extractants, and the M Cs immobilizing these adsorbents are effective for the advanced separation of various radionuclides, rare metals and

Considering the Creation of a Domestic Intelligence Agency in the United States: Lessons from the Experiences of Australia, Canada, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom

Science.gov (United States)

2009-01-01

National Infrastructure. CSIS—see Canadian Security Intelligence Service. Dard, Olivier, “L’OAS: Histoire d’un Refus,” Guerre d’Algérie, Vol. 8, June...Faligot, Jean Guisnel, and Rémi Kauffer, eds., Histoire Secrète de la Ve République, Paris: La Découverte, 2006a, pp. 394–399. ———, “La France Complice...ou Otage de la Seconde Guerre d’Algérie?” in Roger Faligot, Jean Guisnel, and Rémi Kauffer, eds., Histoire Secrète de la Ve République, Paris: La

Kool kui kasvukeskkond 10-13-aastaste õpilaste hinnanguis / Leida Talts

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Talts, Leida

2001-01-01

Kirjutis tugineb artikli autori - TPÜ kasvatusteaduste teaduskonna algõpetuse õppetooli professori Leida Taltsi ja algõpetuse eriala üliõpilaste poolt 1998-2000.a. kogutud lapse kasvukeskkonda puudutavatel materjalidel. Artikli eesmärgiks on analüüsida 10-13-aastaste hinnanguid koolile ja iseendale kui õpilasele. Analüüs tugineb 1999.a. 10-13-aastaste õpilaste arenguvõimaluste võrdlevaks analüüsimiseks korraldatud üle-eestilisel ankeetküsitlusel, milles käsitleti õpilaste hinnanguid oma kasvukeskkonna tingimustele perekonnas, koolis ja mujal. Küsitluse üheks tervikplokiks oli kool kui kasvukeskkond

Evaluation of gene expression and alginate production in response to oxygen transfer in continuous culture of Azotobacter vinelandii.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alvaro Díaz-Barrera

Full Text Available Alginates are polysaccharides used as food additives and encapsulation agents in biotechnology, and their functional properties depend on its molecular weight. In this study, different steady-states in continuous cultures of A. vinelandii were established to determine the effect of the dilution rate (D and the agitation rate on alginate production and expression of genes involved in alginate polymerization and depolymerization. Both, the agitation and dilution rates, determined the partitioning of the carbon utilization from sucrose into alginate and CO2 under oxygen-limiting conditions. A low D (0.07 h(-1 and 500 rpm resulted in the highest carbon utilization into alginate (25%. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the transcription level of six genes involved in alginate polymerization and depolymerization. In chemostat cultures at 0.07 h(-1, the gene expression was affected by changes in the agitation rate. By increasing the agitation rate from 400 to 600 rpm, the algE7 gene expression decreased tenfold, whereas alyA1, algL and alyA2 gene expression increased between 1.5 and 2.8 times under similar conditions evaluated. Chemostat at 0.07 h(-1 showed a highest alginate molecular weight (580 kDa at 500 rpm whereas similar molecular weights (480 kDa were obtained at 400 and 600 rpm. The highest molecular weight was not explained by changes in the expression of alg8 and alg44 (genes involved in alginate polymerization. Nonetheless, a different expression pattern observed for lyases could explain the highest alginate molecular weight obtained. Overall, the results suggest that the control of alginate molecular weight in A. vinelandii cells growing in continuous mode is determined by a balance between the gene expression of intracellular and extracellular lyases in response to oxygen availability. These findings better our understanding of the biosynthesis of bacterial alginate and help us progress toward obtain

Kur’an’a Göre Üstünlük Duygusunun Düşünce ve Davranışlara Etkileri

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Harun Savut

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Üstünlük duygusu insanın tüm davranışlarını etkisi altına alan, düşünce ve davranışlarda sapmalara sebep olan bir tavırdır. Doğruyu kendisini merkeze koyarak değerlendiren insanın tüm kutsalı yine kendisi olur. Şayet çevredekiler bu kutsalı onaylarsa kabul edilir ve değer görürler. Aksinin söz konusu olduğu durumlarda ise karşı durulması gereken düşman şeklinde algılanırlar. Bu ise akli melekelerin önünde set oluşturan, doğru düşünmeyi negatif yönde etkileyen, bu sebeple de yanlışları tetikleyen bir durumdur. Bunun neticesinde hakkın kabulü zorlaşır, hatta imkansız bir hal alır. İnsanı kendi algısı ile çelişen gerçekleri, doğruları inkara sürükler. Benlik kaynaklı bu savrulma küfür ve şirkin kapılarını açar. Bu makalede üstünlük hissinin yol açtığı algı ve düşünme hatalarıyla tebarüz eden kişilerin düşüncelerinde ortaya çıkan savrulmalar, yanılsamalar analiz edilmiştir. Üstünlük algısının gerekçelendirilmesinde kişi veya toplumun sahip olduğu imkanların rolü değerlendirilmiştir. Üstünlük hissinin neden olduğu tahammülsüzlük ve algı kapanması üzerinde durulmuştur.

An improved method of microencapsulation of probiotic bacteria for their stability in acidic and bile conditions during storage.

Science.gov (United States)

Ding, W K; Shah, N P

2009-03-01

The purpose of this study was to develop a method for applying an extra coating of palm oil and poly-L-lysine (POPL) to alginate (ALG) microcapsules to enhance the survival of probiotic bacteria. Eight strains of probiotic bacteria including Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium longum, L. salivarius, L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, L. paracasei, B. lactis type Bl-O4, and B. lactis type Bi-07 were encapsulated using alginate alone or alginate with POPL. Electron microscopy was used to measure the size of the microcapsules and to determine their surface texture. To assess if the addition of POPL improved the viability of probiotic bacteria in acidic conditions, both ALG and POPL microcapsules were inoculated into pH 2.0 MRS broths and their viability was assessed over a 2-h incubation period. Two bile salts including oxgall bile salt and taurocholic acid were used to test the bile tolerance of probiotic bacteria entrapped in ALG and POPL microcapsules. To assess the porosity and the ability of the microcapsule to hold small molecules in an aqueous environment a water-soluble fluorescent dye, 6-carboxyflourescin (6 FAM), was encapsulated and its release was monitored using a UV spectrophotometer. The results indicated that coating the microcapsules with POPL increased the overall size of the capsules by an average of 3 microm +/- 0.67. However, microcapsules with added POPL had a much smoother surface texture when examined under an electron microscope. The results also indicated that the addition of POPL to microcapsules improved the average viability of probiotic bacteria by > 1 log CFU/mL when compared to ALG microcapsules at 2 h of exposure to acidic conditions. However, similar plate counts were observed between ALG and POPL microcapsules when exposed to bile salts. This suggests that an extra coating of POPL could be readily broken down by bile salts that are commonly found in the lower gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Upon testing the porosity of the

AMENAZAS A LA CONSERVACIÓN DE LAS ESPECIES DE MUSGOS Y LÍQUENES EN COLOMBIA -UNA APROXIMACIÓN INICIAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

AGUIRRE-C. JAIME

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Las amenazas sobre las poblaciones naturales de musgos y líquenes se evaluaron con baseen particularidades de sus rasgos corológicos, en la calidad del hábitat y en las posibilidadesde transformación y aún de desaparición de porciones considerables del espacio físicoen las regiones naturales de Colombia. En la categorización del riesgo-amenaza, sesiguieron parcialmente los lineamientos metodológicos de la Unión Internacional parala Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN incluyendo las categorías en peligro crítico(CR, en alto riesgo de extinción (EN, vulnerable (VU y casi amenazado (NT. Losresultados de esta aproximación inicial permitieron calificar bajo algún tipo de amenazaen sus poblaciones naturales a 388 especies de 145 géneros y 46 familias de musgos;Pottiaceae y Pilotrichaceae son las familias que tienen especies amenazadas en la mayoríade las regiones naturales y en los ramales cordilleranos. Según categorías de amenaza, enpeligro crítico (CR se calificaron a 125 especies; en peligro (EN a 21, como vulnerables(VU se calificaron a 173 especies y en la condición casi amenazado (NT a 69 especies.Sphagnaceae, Pilotrichaceae, Orthotrichaceae y Pottiaceae presentaron especies en todaslas categorías de amenaza. En la Amazonia hay 24 especies de musgos con algún tipo deamenazas y la categoría con mayor representación es vulnerable (VU con doce especies;en el Chocó biogeográfico 15 especies sufren algún tipo de amenaza y la categoría conmayor significancia es vulnerable (VU con siete especies. En la región Caribe, en elmacizo montañoso de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta 15 especies figuraron comoamenazadas y la condición más frecuente fue en estado crítico (CR con ocho especies.En el sistema montañoso (gradiente cordillerano se calificaron a 285 especies bajo algúntipo de amenaza; Pottiaceae, Pilotrichaceae, Sematophyllaceae e Hypnaceae presentaronespecies amenazadas a lo largo del gradiente altitudinal. En

Les écrivains issus de l’immigration face à la guerre d’Algérie : quelle mémoire pour quelles victimes ?

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Crystel Pinçonnat

2006-09-01

Full Text Available Quelle sont les traces laissées par la guerre d’Algérie dans les textes produits par les écrivains issus de l’immigration ? Telle est la question principale que pose cet article. Cependant, loin de se contenter de répertorier les différents modes d’inscription de la guerre dans des œuvres aux statuts variés – du récit-témoignage à la fiction, en passant par l’autobiographie –, cet article analyse d’une part la façon dont l’écrivain remodèle le passé communautaire ou familial et, du même coup, forge une mémoire et la transmet à ses lecteurs. D’autre part, il questionne également la visée de ces mises en récit qui, tantôt, optent pour le quasi-effacement de la violence, tantôt au contraire, tentent d’écrire des événements demeurés longtemps enfouis, comme refoulés de la mémoire française.¿Qué huellas ha dejado la guerra de Argelia en los textos de los escritores procedentes de la immigration? Tal es la pregunta que plantea este artículo. Sin embargo, no se limita a catalogar los modos de inscripción de la guerra en obras con características formales diferentes – desde el relato testimonial hasta la ficción, pasando por la autobiografía – sino que por una parte analiza cómo el escritor recompone el pasado comunitario o familiar y, al mismo tiempo, crea una memoria y la transmite a los lectores. Por otra parte, estudia también el objetivo de estos relatos, que a veces optan por una desaparición prácticamente total de la violencia, y otras veces, intentan describir acontecimientos que han permanecido ocultados durante mucho tiempo, como si hubieran sido expulsados de la memoria francesa.What are the traces left by the war of Algeria in narratives written by second-generation immigrant authors? Such is the main question raised by this article. However, far from only listing the different modes of inscription of the war in works of various statutes (story-testimony, fiction, and

A facile method for preparation superhydrophobic paper with enhanced physical strength and moisture-proofing property.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Hui; Yang, Jin; Li, Pan; Lan, Tianqing; Peng, Lincai

2017-03-15

We proposed a green and facile method to fabricate superhydrophobic paper in this study, which is layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition of TiO 2 nanoparticles/sodium alginate (ALG) multilayers on paper surface followed by an adsorption treatment of colloidal carnauba wax. The formation of TiO 2 /ALG multilayers on paper surface was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), zeta potential measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. The wetting property of modified paper was investigated by water contact angle (WCA) measurement. Moreover, the modified paper tensile strength has been evaluated. The results showed that WCA of paper modified with a wax-treated (TiO 2 /ALG) 3.5 multilayer reached up to 151.5°, and this obtained superhydrophobic paper exhibited improved tensile strength (increased by 4.1% compared to the pristine paper), excellent moisture-proofing property and high strength stability under high relative humidity condition, which might has a great potential for use in the liquid paper packaging and moisture-proof paper packaging. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

pH-sensitive chitosan/alginate core-shell nanoparticles for efficient and safe oral insulin delivery.

Science.gov (United States)

Mukhopadhyay, Piyasi; Chakraborty, Souma; Bhattacharya, Sourav; Mishra, Roshnara; Kundu, P P

2015-01-01

Chitosan-alginate (CS/ALG) nanoparticles were prepared by formation of an ionotropic pre-gelation of an alginate (ALG) core entrapping insulin, followed by chitosan (CS) polyelectrolyte complexation, for successful oral insulin administration. Mild preparation process without harsh chemicals is aimed at improving insulin bio-efficiency in in vivo model. The nanoparticles showed an average particle size of 100-200 nm in dynamic light scattering (DLS), with almost spherical or sub-spherical shape and ∼ 85% of insulin encapsulation. Again, retention of almost entire amount of encapsulated insulin in simulated gastric buffer followed by its sustained release in simulated intestinal condition proved its pH sensitivity in in vitro release studies. Significant hypoglycemic effects with improved insulin-relative bioavailability (∼ 8.11%) in in vivo model revealed the efficacy of these core-shell nanoparticles of CS/ALG as an oral insulin carrier. No systemic toxicity was found after its peroral treatment, suggesting these core-shell nanoparticles as a promising device for potential oral insulin delivery. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

In vitro fermentation of alginate and its derivatives by human gut microbiota.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Miaomiao; Li, Guangsheng; Shang, Qingsen; Chen, Xiuxia; Liu, Wei; Pi, Xiong'e; Zhu, Liying; Yin, Yeshi; Yu, Guangli; Wang, Xin

2016-06-01

Alginate (Alg) has a long history as a food ingredient in East Asia. However, the human gut microbes responsible for the degradation of alginate and its derivatives have not been fully understood yet. Here, we report that alginate and the low molecular polymer derivatives of mannuronic acid oligosaccharides (MO) and guluronic acid oligosaccharides (GO) can be completely degraded and utilized at various rates by fecal microbiota obtained from six Chinese individuals. However, the derivative of propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate (PSS) was not hydrolyzed. The bacteria having a pronounced ability to degrade Alg, MO and GO were isolated from human fecal samples and were identified as Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides xylanisolvens, and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. Alg, MO and GO can increase the production level of short chain fatty acids (SCFA), but GO generates the highest level of SCFA. Our data suggest that alginate and its derivatives could be degraded by specific bacteria in the human gut, providing the basis for the impacts of alginate and its derivates as special food additives on human health. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Biodegradable multilayer barrier films based on alginate/polyethyleneimine and biaxially oriented poly(lactic acid).

Science.gov (United States)

Gu, Chun-Hong; Wang, Jia-Jun; Yu, Yang; Sun, Hui; Shuai, Ning; Wei, Bing

2013-02-15

A layer-by-layer (LBL) approach was used to assemble alternating layers of sodium alginate (ALG)/polyethyleneimine (PEI) on biaxially oriented poly(lactic acid) (BOPLA) films in order to produce bio-based all-polymer thin films with low gas permeability. Increasing the depositing of ALG and PEI from 0 to 30 layers results in large thickness variations (from 0 to 3.92 μm). After 30 ALG/PEI layers are deposited, the resulting assembly has an OTR of 1.22 cm(3)/(m(2) day atm). When multiplied by thickness, the resulting oxygen permeability (OP) is found to be less than 3.8×10(-17) cm(3) cm/cm(2) s Pa, which is almost 3 orders of magnitude lower than that of uncoated BOPLA film (1.8×10(-14) cm(3)cm/cm(2) s Pa). At the same time, the resulting multilayer-coated BOPLA films maintain high optical clarity and tensile properties. This unique barrier thin film has become a promising alternative to non-biodegradable synthetic food packaging materials. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effect of Realistic Mathematics Education Approach on Visual Mathematics Literacy Perceptions and Problem Solving Attitude of Students [Gerçekçi Matematik Eğitimi Yaklaşımının İlkokul Öğrencilerinin Başarılarına, Görsel Matematik Okuryazarlığı Özyeterlik Algılarına ve Problem Çözme Tutumlarına Etkisi

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Emel Çilingir

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The aim of study was to investigate the effects of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME based instruction in the elementary mathematics curriculum on the mathematics achievement, Visual Mathematics Literacy Self Efficiency Perceptions (VMLSP and Mathematics Problem Solving Attitude (MPSA. The study was determined as a quasi-experimental study which conducted as a pre-posttest design with a control group. The research was conducted with 147 students at fourth grade of a public elementary school in Adana. In the study, the experimental group and one of the control group were instructed by one of the researchers, while in other control group was instructed by their teacher. „Geometric Shapes‟ unit was instructed with RME at the experimental group while the current instructional method was conducted to the control groups. The data were obtained with mathematics achievement tests and VMLSP and MPSA Scale which provided goodness according to the confirmatory factor analysis model. The quantitative data was evaluated by using mixed ANOVA and tTest methods. As a result, it was found that the students at the experimental group have more successful in mathematic achievement tests and more progress on VMLSP and MPSA than control group. [Araştırmanın amacı, ilkokulda Gerçekçi Matematik Eğitimi yaklaşımıyla gerçekleştirilen öğretimin, öğrencilerin matematik başarılarına, görsel matematik okuryazarlık özyeterlik algılarına ve matematik problemlerini çözmeye yönelik tutumlarına etkisini incelemektir. Bu amaçla öntest-sontest kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Araştırma, Adana’daki bir devlet ilkokulunun 4. sınıfına giden 147 öğrenci üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada deney grubunda ve iki kontrol grubundan birinde dersler araştırmacı tarafından diğer kontrol grubunda ise sınıfın öğretmeni tarafından yürütülmüştür. Deney grubunda ‘Geometrik Şekiller’ �

Anti-inflammation of the oral mucous after radiotherapy of side effect to the propolis combined effect

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takenori, Yamashita; Gu, Yeunhwa; Park, Sangrae [Suzuka Univ. of Medical Science, Suzuka (Japan)] [and others

2002-07-01

Recently, allege acid sodium (AL-G) that affect is proved in the bleeding digestion pipe tumor, the effect on treatment for wound such as a radiation esophagus flame because of the inflammation reduction inside such a mouth is used. Because a tumor and an inflammation are effective, propolis to use for this research is the purpose of examining the anti-inflammation action of the mucous membrane flame in the mouth. The inside of the mouth was made to contain each medicine, and effect on organization repair was examined from the viewpoint of study of the organization. An ICR mail mice used at age of seven weeks. Feed and water were taken freely. As for the experiment group, 2Gy, 4Gy, 8Gy irradiated each of the control group, the oral part separately. Two times gave it 2Gy, 4Gy and 8Gy group, AL-G, a physiology solution of salt, propolis combination thing (Propolis + royal jelly (RJ) +EF2001), PVP in the morning. We used in each groups of 10 mail mice AL-G+2G, AL-G+4GyAL-G+8Gy, Saline+2Gy, Saline+4Gy, Saline+8Gy,Propolis+(RJ+EF2001)+2Gy,Propolis+ (RJ+EF2001)+4Gy,Propolis+(RJ+EF2001)+8Gy, PVP+2Gy, PVP+4Gy and PVP+8Gy groups. It was divided into each group of 2Gy, 4Gy and 8Gy groups from the bottom part of the ear of the ICR mice by the nose head, and it irradiated it once.

Anti-inflammation of the oral mucous after radiotherapy of side effect to the propolis combined effect

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takenori, Yamashita; Gu, Yeunhwa; Park, Sangrae

2002-01-01

Recently, allege acid sodium (AL-G) that affect is proved in the bleeding digestion pipe tumor, the effect on treatment for wound such as a radiation esophagus flame because of the inflammation reduction inside such a mouth is used. Because a tumor and an inflammation are effective, propolis to use for this research is the purpose of examining the anti-inflammation action of the mucous membrane flame in the mouth. The inside of the mouth was made to contain each medicine, and effect on organization repair was examined from the viewpoint of study of the organization. An ICR mail mice used at age of seven weeks. Feed and water were taken freely. As for the experiment group, 2Gy, 4Gy, 8Gy irradiated each of the control group, the oral part separately. Two times gave it 2Gy, 4Gy and 8Gy group, AL-G, a physiology solution of salt, propolis combination thing (Propolis + royal jelly (RJ) +EF2001), PVP in the morning. We used in each groups of 10 mail mice AL-G+2G, AL-G+4GyAL-G+8Gy, Saline+2Gy, Saline+4Gy, Saline+8Gy,Propolis+(RJ+EF2001)+2Gy,Propolis+ (RJ+EF2001)+4Gy,Propolis+(RJ+EF2001)+8Gy, PVP+2Gy, PVP+4Gy and PVP+8Gy groups. It was divided into each group of 2Gy, 4Gy and 8Gy groups from the bottom part of the ear of the ICR mice by the nose head, and it irradiated it once

The Ca2+ induced two-component system, CvsSR regulates the Type III secretion system and the extracytoplasmic function sigma-factor AlgU in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000.

Science.gov (United States)

Fishman, Maxwell R; Zhang, Johnson; Bronstein, Philip A; Stodghill, Paul; Filiatrault, Melanie J

2017-12-20

Two-component systems (TCSs) of bacteria regulate many different aspects of the bacterial life cycle including pathogenesis. Most TCSs remain uncharacterized with no information about the signal(s) or regulatory targets and/or role in bacterial pathogenesis. Here, we characterized a TCS in the plant-pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 ( Pto ) composed of the histidine kinase, CvsS, and the response regulator, CvsR. CvsSR is necessary for virulence of Pto , since ΔcvsS and ΔcvsR strains produced fewer symptoms and demonstrated reduced growth on multiple hosts as compared to WT. We discovered that expression of cvsSR is induced by Ca 2+ concentrations found in leaf apoplastic fluid. Thus, Ca 2+ can be added to the list of signals that promote pathogenesis of Pto during host colonization. Through chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by next generation sequencing (ChIP-seq) and global transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) we discerned the CvsR regulon. CvsR directly activated expression of the type III secretion system regulators, hrpR and hrpS , that regulates Pto virulence in a type III secretion system dependent manner. CvsR also indirectly repressed transcription of the extracytoplasmic sigma factor algU and production of alginate. Phenotypic analysis determined that CvsSR inversely regulated biofilm formation, swarming motility, and cellulose production in a Ca 2+ -dependent manner. Overall, our results show that CvsSR is a key regulatory hub critical for interaction with host plants. Importance Pathogenic bacteria must be able to react and respond to the surrounding environment, make use of available resources, and avert or counter host immune responses. Often, these abilities rely on two-component systems (TCSs) composed of interacting proteins that modulate gene expression. We identified a TCS in the plant-pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae that responds to the presence of calcium, which is an important signal during the plant

Akademisyenlerin Meslek Ahlakına Aykırı Olan Davranışlara İlişkin Algıları (Çomü Eğitim Fakültesi Örneği Academicians’ Perceptions Of Behaviours Against Occupational Ethics (A Case In Comu, Faculty Of Education

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

İlknur MAYA

2013-07-01

aninstitutional infrastructure, ethic values of an institution, questioningone’s conscience, values education and character education, andregular supervision. It was found that academicians experienced ethicaldilemmas between educational activities and research activities,between their work at university and willingness to work in privatesector, and between administrators’ pressures and their personal valuesin fulfilling their duties; respectively. Araştırmada, akademisyenlerin gerçekleştirdikleri eğitim-öğretim, araştırma ve topluma hizmet gibi etkinliklerde meslek ahlakına aykırı olarak algıladıkları davranışların neler olduğunun, nedenlerinin ve nasıl önlenebileceğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Ayrıca çalışmada, akademisyenlerin yaşadıkları etik ikilemlerin neler olduğunun saptanmasına çalışılmaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunu, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesinde görev yapmakta olan yüz akademisyenden kartopu örnekleme yoluyla seçilmiş elli kişi oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde, içerik analizi türlerinden tümevarımcı analiz kullanılmıştır. Akademisyenlerin meslek ahlakına aykırı olarak algıladıkları davranışlar, en çok eğitim-öğretim işleri daha sonra araştırma işlerinde görülmektedir. Akademisyenler, eğitim-öğretim işleri bakımından en çok mazeretsiz ders yapmamak, mazeretsiz derse geç girmek / dersten erken çıkmak, dersi etkili ve nitelikli olarak yürütmemek, üniversite dışında çalışma nedeniyle üniversitedeki sorumluluklarını yerine getirmemek ve öğrencilere eşit / adil davranmamak davranışlarını meslek ahlakına aykırı bulmaktadır. Akademisyenler, araştırma işleri bakımından en çok araştırmada alıntı ve kaynakları doğru vermemek, nitelikli ve özgün araştırmalar yapmamak ve araştırma verileri üzerinde oynamak

التفاعل بين الحوكمة و تنمية الموارد البشرية في الجامعة الجزائرية

OpenAIRE

Belberkani, oum-khalifa

2015-01-01

L’université algérienne est confrontée à nombre de défis. Pour les relever elle doit améliorer la qualité de sa formation en relation avec les exigences de l’emploi et la recherche. Notre étude fondée sur un échantillon d’universités algériennes s’intéresse plus particulièrement aux interactions entre la gouvernance universitaire et le développement des ressources humaines. Il en ressort le constat de nombre de disfonctionnements tants administratifs que pédagogiques. Comment réactiver ces fo...

Unraveling the effect of the hydration level on the molecular mobility of nanolayered polymeric systems.

Science.gov (United States)

Borges, João; Caridade, Sofia G; Silva, Joana M; Mano, João F

2015-02-01

This work investigates the influence of the hydration level on the molecular mobility and glass transition dynamics of freestanding chitosan/alginate (CHT/ALG) nanolayered systems. Nonconventional dynamic mechanical analysis identifies two relaxation processes assigned to the α-relaxation of the two biopolymers, respectively, CHT and ALG, when immersed in water/ethanol mixtures. This phenomenon explains the shape memory properties of the multilayered systems induced by hydration, thus constituting promising smart materials that would be of paramount importance in a plethora of research fields, including in the biomedical and biotechnological fields. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Etude de l'analyse de la distribution de crédits aux entreprises Etude de cas : La B.E.A.

OpenAIRE

Berrahi, kheir-eddine

2014-01-01

le premier chapitre présente l'orgainsme d'acceuil la banque exterieure d'Algérie et les typologies des crédits existants au sein de la banque.Le deuxiéme chapitre sera consacré au marketing bancaire et le rôle qui tient à l'économie Algérienne.le troisiéme chapitre sera consacré à la relation avec la clientéle et à la distribution bancaire.le dernier chapitre portera respectivement sur le diagnostic externe et interne de l'environnement de la banque, puis analysera les différents produits ...

Varswateralge en die ekonomie

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W. E. Scott

1988-03-01

Full Text Available Die artikel bespreek die ekonomiese belong wat varswateralge alreeds het en hul moontlike verdere ontginning in die toekoms. Sowel gewenste as ongewenste aspekte word oorweeg en hoofsaaklik met voorbeelde uit Suid-Afrika geïllustreer. Die oormatige ontwikkeling van ongewenste alge in varswater verlaag die watergehalte dear verskeie chemiese veranderinge, wat kan wissel van smake en geure tot die produksie van verbindings wat gesondheidsgevare vir mens of dier inhou. Verwydering van ongewenste alge dra aansienlik by tot die koste van waterbehandeling. Oormatige alggroei belemmer ontspanningsgebruike en kan eiendomswaardes langs rivier- en damoewers beïnvloed.

Deri Endüstrisi Atıksularından Kromun Çeşitli Alglerle Biyosorpsiyonu

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T. NAKİBOĞLU

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Bu makalede yapılan kinetik testlerin amacı, deri endüstrisi atıksularından Cr(VI metalinin Scenedesmus obliquus ve Chlorella sp. ile biyosorpsiyonu için optimum reaksiyon süresinin ve optimum karıştırma hızının belirlenmesidir. Scenedesmus obliquus ve Chlorella sp. ile orijinal atıksu ve sentetik atıksuda yapılan Cr(VI biyosorpsiyon çalışmaları sonucunda optimum karıştırma süreleri sırasıyla 24 saat ve 6 saat olarak belirlenmiştir. Optimum karıştırma hızı her iki alg biyokütlesi için orijinal atıksu ve sentetik atıksuda 150 devir/dakika olarak belirlenmiştir. Makalede yapılan izoterm testlerinin amacı, deri endüstrisi atıksularından Cr(VI metalinin Scenedesmus obliquus ve Chlorella sp. ile biyosorpsiyonu için optimum pH, optimum sıcaklık ve optimum alg dozajını belirlemektir. Scenedesmus obliquus ve Chlorella sp. ile orijinal atıksu ve sentetik atıksuda yapılan biyosorpsiyon çalışmaları sonucunda optimum pH'lar sırasıyla 2 ve 1 olarak belirlenmiştir. Her iki alg türü için orijinal atıksu ve sentetik atıksuda optimum biyosorpsiyon sıcaklığı 250C olarak bulunmuştur. Optimum şartlarda orijinal atıksu ve sentetik atıksuda en yüksek Cr(VI giderimi yapan alg dozajları, her iki alg türü için 0.5 g/L olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında, deri endüstrisi atıksularında bulunan Cr(VI ağır metal iyonlarının, Scenedesmus obliquus ve Chlorella sp. ile maksimum biyosorpsiyon kapasiteleri araştırılmış ve maksimum biyosorpsiyon kapasiteyi sağlayacak reaktör işletme koşulları (optimum karıştırma süresi, optimum karıştırma hızı, optimum pH, optimum sıcaklık, optimum alg dozajı belirlenmiştir.

Performance evaluation of an automated single-channel sleep–wake detection algorithm

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Kaplan RF

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Richard F Kaplan,1 Ying Wang,1 Kenneth A Loparo,1,2 Monica R Kelly,3 Richard R Bootzin3 1General Sleep Corporation, Euclid, OH, USA; 2Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; 3Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA Background: A need exists, from both a clinical and a research standpoint, for objective sleep measurement systems that are both easy to use and can accurately assess sleep and wake. This study evaluates the output of an automated sleep–wake detection algorithm (Z-ALG used in the Zmachine (a portable, single-channel, electroencephalographic [EEG] acquisition and analysis system against laboratory polysomnography (PSG using a consensus of expert visual scorers. Methods: Overnight laboratory PSG studies from 99 subjects (52 females/47 males, 18–60 years, median age 32.7 years, including both normal sleepers and those with a variety of sleep disorders, were assessed. PSG data obtained from the differential mastoids (A1–A2 were assessed by Z-ALG, which determines sleep versus wake every 30 seconds using low-frequency, intermediate-frequency, and high-frequency and time domain EEG features. PSG data were independently scored by two to four certified PSG technologists, using standard Rechtschaffen and Kales guidelines, and these score files were combined on an epoch-by-epoch basis, using a majority voting rule, to generate a single score file per subject to compare against the Z-ALG output. Both epoch-by-epoch and standard sleep indices (eg, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, latency to persistent sleep, and wake after sleep onset were compared between the Z-ALG output and the technologist consensus score files. Results: Overall, the sensitivity and specificity for detecting sleep using the Z-ALG as compared to the technologist consensus are 95.5% and 92.5%, respectively, across all subjects, and the positive predictive value and the

Hammam Dalaa, M'Sila-Algérie

African Journals Online (AJOL)

PR BOKO

... le quotient pluviothermique d'Emberger (Q2) est élevé. La station de. M'Sila appartient à l'étage bioclimatique aride à hiver tempérée et la zone d'étude El Haourane se trouve dans une ambiance bioclimatique semi-aride frais [2]. Figure 1 : Localisation géographique du canton El Haourane (Carte touristique. ONAT).

Algébrico: Parte II - Algoritmo Paralelo

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Fabio Henrique Pereira

2007-01-01

Full Text Available In this work, it is presented a new parallel wavelet- based algorithm for the Algebraic Multigrid Method (PWAMG. A variation of the standard parallel implementation of discrete wavelet transforms is used in the construction of a hierarchy of matrices and of intergrid transfer operators for Algebraic Multigrid. The PWAMG method has been tested as a parallel solver for the two dimensional Poisson equation, for different numbers of finite difference mesh nodes and comparisons are made with the sequential version of this method.

Siyasal Kampanya Mesaj Stratejileri ve Seçmen Algısı: Gümüşhane Araştırması Political Campaign Message Strategies and Voter Perception: The Case of Gumushane

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Hasan GÜLLÜPUNAR

2013-09-01

ğu gibi bu sürecin iyi yönetilmesi kampanya başarısının önemli bir adımıdır. Dolayısıyla mevcut seçim atmosferinin, adayın üstün ve zayıf yönlerinin, rakip adayın üstün ve zayıf yönlerinin, seçmenlerin sosyo-demografik özelliklerinin ve beklentilerinin tespit edilmesi kampanya mesajlarının belirlenmesinde önemli aşamalardandır.Siyasal seçim kampanyası mesajları farklı strateji ya da stratejilere göre oluşturulabilir. Bunlar arasında rasyonel, duygusal, aday önceleme ve saldırgan mesaj stratejileri sayılabilir. Bu çalışma yerel seçimler bağlamında seçmenlerin rasyonel, duygusal, adayı önceleme ve saldırgan mesaj stratejileri ile ilgili algılarını ölçmektedir.Çalışmada mesaj stratejileri ile ilgili yirmi sekiz yargının bulunduğu bir ölçek geliştirilmiş ve elde edilen veriler keşfedici faktör analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Buna göre mesaj stratejilerinin dört faktörde gruplanabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu faktörler rasyonel, duygusal, adayı önceleme ve saldırgan mesaj stratejileri olarak isimlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada rasyonel mesaj stratejisinin seçmenler tarafından en olumlu algılanan mesaj stratejisi olduğu görülmüştür. Buna karşın en az desteklenen mesaj stratejisi saldırgan mesaj stratejisi olmuştur. Bununla birlikte rasyonel, duygusal ve adayı önceleme mesaj stratejileri ile saldırgan mesaj stratejisi arasında anlamlı olmayan negatif yönlü bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Ayrıca sosyo-demografik özellikler bakımından orta yaş seçmenlerin genç seçmenlere oranla, eğitim düzeyi yüksek seçmenlerin eğitim düzeyi düşük seçmenlere oranla daha rasyonel tercihlerde bulunması çalışmanın önemli bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkmıştır.

Doğu Batı Algısında Attilâ Atillâ In East West's Perception

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Ahmet ADIGÜZEL

2013-07-01

şeri ve tabii felaketler; bu ikizıt kutbu biraz daha yakınlaştırmış görünmektedir. Daha doğrusubüyük uçuruma köprüler atılmıştır. Hatta insanlık zaman tüneline kuşbakışı baktığımız zaman aydınlanma çağından günümüze doğru gittikçerafinize edilmiş anlayış ve düşünceler bir sentez olma yolundalar. Buanlayışın yansıması olarak hem Doğu’nun hem de Batı’nın değerleriniönemseyen düalist düşünceler tezahür etmeye başlamıştır.Bu makalemizde her ne kadar temel parametre olarak aldığımızAttilâ’nın Doğu-Batı edebiyat ve sanatlarına olan yansıması ise de tarihilminin vesikalarından da istifade etmeye çalıştık.Hun Hükümdarı Attilâ: Barbar mı, Kahraman mı?Attilâ, Avrupa Hunlarının yenilmez hakanı, yaptığı fetihlerleülkesinin sınırlarını muazzam büyüklükte genişletmekle kalmayan buşanlı hükümdar, Avrupalılar tarafından henüz yaşarken bir efsaneolarak kabule edilmiştir. Tarih ışığında; gerçekler, efsaneler ve iddialarile Doğu ve Batı’nın Attilâ’yı algılama anlayışlarını inceleyelim.

Lacinutrix cladophorae sp. nov., a flavobacterium isolated from the green alga Cladophora stimpsonii, transfer of Flavirhabdus iliipiscaria Shakeela et al. 2015 to the genus Lacinutrix as Lacinutrix iliipiscaria comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Lacinutrix.

Science.gov (United States)

Nedashkovskaya, Olga I; Kim, Song-Gun; Zhukova, Natalia V; Lee, Jung-Sook; Mikhailov, Valery V

2016-11-01

A strictly aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, motile by gliding and yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated strain 7Alg 4T, was isolated from the green alga Cladophora stimpsonii. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the novel strain was affiliated to the family Flavobacteriaceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes, and was most closely related to the recognized species of the genera Lacinutrixand Flavirhabdus, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 95.1-98.1 and 97.0 %, respectively. Strain 7Alg 4T grew in the presence of 1-5 % NaCl and at 4-32 °C, and hydrolysed aesculin, gelatin, starch and Tween 80. The prevalent fatty acids were iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH and C15 : 0. The polar lipid profile was characterized by the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified aminolipids and four unidentified lipids. The major respiratory quinone was MK-6. The DNA G+C content was 31.9 mol%. On the basis of the differences in 16S rRNA gene sequences, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characteristics, it is suggested that strain 7Alg 4T represents a novel species of the genus Lacinutrix, for which the name Lacinutrixcladophorae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 7Alg 4T (=KCTC 23036T=KMM 6381T). Reclassification of Flavirhabdus iliipiscaria as Lacinutrix iliipiscaria comb. nov. and an emend of the genus Lacinutrix are also proposed.

Doxorubicin-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles coated with chitosan/alginate by layer by layer technology for antitumor applications.

Science.gov (United States)

Chai, Fujuan; Sun, Linlin; He, Xinyi; Li, Jieli; Liu, Yuanfen; Xiong, Fei; Ge, Liang; Webster, Thomas J; Zheng, Chunli

2017-01-01

Natural polyelectrolyte multilayers of chitosan (CHI) and alginate (ALG) were alternately deposited on doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) with layer by layer self-assembly to control drug release for antitumor activity. Numerous factors which influenced the multilayer growth on nano-colloidal particles were studied: polyelectrolyte concentration, NaCl concentration and temperature. Then the growth regime of the CHI/ALG multilayers was elucidated. The coated NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction and a zeta potential analyzer. In vitro studies demonstrated an undesirable initial burst release of DOX-loaded PLGA NPs (DOX-PLGA NPs), which was relieved from 55.12% to 5.78% through the use of the layer by layer technique. The release of DOX increased more than 40% as the pH of media decreased from 7.4 to 5.0. More importantly, DOX-PLGA (CHI/ALG) 3 NPs had superior in vivo tumor inhibition rates at 83.17% and decreased toxicity, compared with DOX-PLGA NPs and DOX in solution. Thus, the presently formulated PLGA-polyelectrolyte NPs have strong potential applications for numerous controlled anticancer drug release applications.

فعالية الرقابة الجبائية وأثرها في مكافحة التهرب الضريبي في الجزائر 1999-2009

OpenAIRE

Bouchra, Abdelghani

2011-01-01

L’objectif de cette étude est déterminer le rôle du contrôle fiscal dans le système fiscale algérien, ainsi ces effets lutté contre la fraude fiscale , a fin d’aboutir le but de cette étude on rassemble les statistiques réalisé par les différentes structure de l’administration fiscales. On observe par les résultats de ces dernieres statistiques que la Fraude et l évasion fiscale en Algérie provoque des effets négative sur le niveau monétaire et économique et un manque important de recettes...

Expanding the Repertoire of Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Metallo-ß-Lactamases by Functional Metagenomic Analysis of Soil Microbiota

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gudeta, Dereje D.; Bortolaia, Valeria; Pollini, Simona

2016-01-01

, diversity and functionality of carbapenemase-encoding genes in soil microbiota by functional metagenomics. Ten plasmid libraries were generated by cloning metagenomic DNA from agricultural (n = 6) and grassland (n = 4) soil into Escherichia coli. The libraries were cultured on amoxicillin-containing agar......% identity). RAIphy analysis indicated that six enzymes (CRD3-1, GRD23-1, DHT2-1, SPN79-1, ALG6-1, and ALG11-1) originated from Proteobacteria, two (PEDO-1 and ESP-2) from Bacteroidetes and one (GRD33-1) from Gemmatimonadetes. All MBLs detected in soil microbiota were functional when expressed in E. coli...... approaches targeted different subpopulations in soil microbiota....

Macrodontic maxillary incisor in alagille syndrome

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Mauro Cozzani

2012-01-01

Full Text Available This case report describes the surgical-orthodontic guided-eruption of a deeply impacted macrodontic maxillary central incisor in a 10-year-old patient with Alagille syndrome (ALGS. In the first stage, orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance on deciduous teeth allowed to create enough space for the eruption of the maxillary right central incisor. The second stage included closed surgical exposure and vertical traction. After impacted tooth erupted in the proper position, accessory periodontal treatment and dental reshaping procedures may be indicated to camouflage macrodontic incisor with the adjacent teeth. This is the first report that presents a patient with ALGS undergoing orthodontic and surgical treatment.

Fluoride adsorption from aqueous solution by magnetic core-shell Fe_3O_4@alginate-La particles fabricated via electro-coextrusion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang, Yahui; Lin, Xiaoyan; Zhou, Quisheng; Luo, Xuegang

2016-01-01

Graphical abstract: The magnetic core-shell Fe_3O_4@Alg-La particles were fabricated successfully by a simple method of electro-coextrusion, and employed as an adsorbent for separation of fluoride from aqueous solution. - Highlights: • Magnetic core-shell Fe_3O_4@Alg-La particles were prepared by electro-coextrusion. • The maximum adsorption capacity for fluoride at 298.15 K was 45.230 mg/g. • The adsorbent has a good saturation magnetization value. • The adsorbent has a great potential in removing the fluoride. - Abstract: The magnetic core-shell Fe_3O_4@Alg-La particles were fabricated successfully by a simple method of electro-coextrusion, and employed as an adsorbent for separation of fluoride from aqueous solution. Main factors affecting the removal of fluoride, including pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, temperature and contact time were investigated. The adsorption isotherm and adsorption kinetics were studied to understand the adsorption process in detail. The experimental data were fitted well by the non-linear Freundlich isotherm and linear pseudo-second-order model, the maximum fluoride adsorption capacity was 45.230 mg/g at pH 4, 298.15 K. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the fluoride adsorption process was feasible and spontaneous. The presence of other anions like Cl"−, SO_4"2"−, HCO_3"− and PO_4"3"− had almost no effect on the fluoride adsorption. The adsorbent can be easily separated from the solution by a magnet. The magnetic core-shell Fe_3O_4@Alg-La particles before and after fluoride adsorption were studied by SEM, FTIR, EDX and XPS, which indicated that the adsorption mechanism may be related to electrostatic attraction and Lewis acid-base interaction.

Comparison of single-injection ultrasound-guided approach versus multilevel landmark-based approach for thoracic paravertebral blockade for breast tumor resection: a retrospective analysis at a tertiary care teaching institution

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Saran JS

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Jagroop Singh Saran,1 Amie L Hoefnagel,1 Kristin A Skinner,2 Changyong Feng,3 Daryl Irving Smith1 1Acute Pain Service, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 2Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, 3Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA Background: The role of thoracic paravertebral blockade (TPVB in decreasing opioid requirements in breast cancer surgery is well documented, and there is mounting evidence that this may improve survival and reduce the rate of malignancy recurrence following cancer-related mastectomy. We compared the two techniques currently in use at our institution, the anatomic landmark-guided (ALG multilevel versus an ultrasound-guided (USG single injection, to determine an optimal technique.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of patients who received TPVB from January 2013 to December 2014. Perioperative opioid use, post anesthesia care unit (PACU pain scores and length of stay, block performance, and complications were compared between the two groups.Results: We found no statistical difference between the two approaches in the studied outcomes. We did find that the number of times attending physicians in the ALG group took over the blocks from residents was significantly greater than that of the USG group (p=0.006 and more local anesthetic was used in the USG group (p=0.04.Conclusion: This study compared the ALG approach with the USG approach for patients undergoing mastectomy for breast cancer. Based on our observations, an attending physician is more likely to take over an ALG injection, and more local anesthetic is administered during USG single injection. Keywords: thoracic paravertebral block, regional anesthesia, mastectomy, breast cancer 

La bataille des mémoires. Herinneringen aan de Slag om Algiers in Historia Magazine

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Désirée Schyns

2010-12-01

Full Text Available  Entre 1971 et 1974 Yves Courrière, rédacteur en chef de l‟hebdomadaire Historia Magazine, fait paraître une série de numéros spéciaux sur la guerre d‟Algérie. La revue est un objet d‟études intéressant, parce qu‟elle ne donne pas une représentation historique („objective‟, mais plutôt mémorielle („subjective‟ de cette guerre de décolonisation. Elle donne la parole à des partisans de l‟Algérie française, mais aussi à ceux qui se sont battus pour une Algérie indépendante. Il est frappant que ce soient surtout des officiers français qui donnent leur vision sur le passé récent et douloureux. Des pages de la revue émane de temps en temps une idéologie coloniale qui n‟est pas mise en question. Ma contribution s‟insère dans le cadre plus large de l‟évolution de la mémoire de la guerre d‟Algérie et se concentre sur la bataille d‟Alger (1957 en particulier. En guise d‟exemple, j‟analyse un article du général Jacquin qui montre la vision de cet ancien militaire sur la bataille et qui met en question l‟usage de la torture par les Français. Je compare cet article au film La Bataille d'Alger (Gillo Pontecorvo, 1966, qui donne une toute autre représentation de cet épisode historique. L‟analyse et la comparaison démontrent que Historia Magazine se trouvait au coeur d‟une bataille des mémoires.

LeMMINGs - I. The eMERLIN legacy survey of nearby galaxies. 1.5-GHz parsec-scale radio structures and cores

Science.gov (United States)

Baldi, R. D.; Williams, D. R. A.; McHardy, I. M.; Beswick, R. J.; Argo, M. K.; Dullo, B. T.; Knapen, J. H.; Brinks, E.; Muxlow, T. W. B.; Aalto, S.; Alberdi, A.; Bendo, G. J.; Corbel, S.; Evans, R.; Fenech, D. M.; Green, D. A.; Klöckner, H.-R.; Körding, E.; Kharb, P.; Maccarone, T. J.; Martí-Vidal, I.; Mundell, C. G.; Panessa, F.; Peck, A. B.; Pérez-Torres, M. A.; Saikia, D. J.; Saikia, P.; Shankar, F.; Spencer, R. E.; Stevens, I. R.; Uttley, P.; Westcott, J.

2018-05-01

We present the first data release of high-resolution (≤0.2 arcsec) 1.5-GHz radio images of 103 nearby galaxies from the Palomar sample, observed with the eMERLIN array, as part of the LeMMINGs survey. This sample includes galaxies which are active (low-ionization nuclear emission-line regions [LINER] and Seyfert) and quiescent (H II galaxies and absorption line galaxies, ALGs), which are reclassified based upon revised emission-line diagrams. We detect radio emission ≳0.2 mJy for 47/103 galaxies (22/34 for LINERS, 4/4 for Seyferts, 16/51 for H II galaxies, and 5/14 for ALGs) with radio sizes typically of ≲100 pc. We identify the radio core position within the radio structures for 41 sources. Half of the sample shows jetted morphologies. The remaining half shows single radio cores or complex morphologies. LINERs show radio structures more core-brightened than Seyferts. Radio luminosities of the sample range from 1032 to 1040 erg s-1: LINERs and H II galaxies show the highest and lowest radio powers, respectively, while ALGs and Seyferts have intermediate luminosities. We find that radio core luminosities correlate with black hole (BH) mass down to ˜107 M⊙, but a break emerges at lower masses. Using [O III] line luminosity as a proxy for the accretion luminosity, active nuclei and jetted H II galaxies follow an optical Fundamental Plane of BH activity, suggesting a common disc-jet relationship. In conclusion, LINER nuclei are the scaled-down version of FR I radio galaxies; Seyferts show less collimated jets; H II galaxies may host weak active BHs and/or nuclear star-forming cores; and recurrent BH activity may account for ALG properties.

Fluoride adsorption from aqueous solution by magnetic core-shell Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}@alginate-La particles fabricated via electro-coextrusion

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang, Yahui [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan (China); Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials, Ministry of Education, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan (China); Lin, Xiaoyan, E-mail: lxy20100205@163.com [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan (China); Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials, Ministry of Education, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan (China); Zhou, Quisheng [A State Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640 (China); Luo, Xuegang [Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials, Ministry of Education, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan (China)

2016-12-15

Graphical abstract: The magnetic core-shell Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}@Alg-La particles were fabricated successfully by a simple method of electro-coextrusion, and employed as an adsorbent for separation of fluoride from aqueous solution. - Highlights: • Magnetic core-shell Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}@Alg-La particles were prepared by electro-coextrusion. • The maximum adsorption capacity for fluoride at 298.15 K was 45.230 mg/g. • The adsorbent has a good saturation magnetization value. • The adsorbent has a great potential in removing the fluoride. - Abstract: The magnetic core-shell Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}@Alg-La particles were fabricated successfully by a simple method of electro-coextrusion, and employed as an adsorbent for separation of fluoride from aqueous solution. Main factors affecting the removal of fluoride, including pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, temperature and contact time were investigated. The adsorption isotherm and adsorption kinetics were studied to understand the adsorption process in detail. The experimental data were fitted well by the non-linear Freundlich isotherm and linear pseudo-second-order model, the maximum fluoride adsorption capacity was 45.230 mg/g at pH 4, 298.15 K. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the fluoride adsorption process was feasible and spontaneous. The presence of other anions like Cl{sup −}, SO{sub 4}{sup 2−}, HCO{sub 3}{sup −} and PO{sub 4}{sup 3−} had almost no effect on the fluoride adsorption. The adsorbent can be easily separated from the solution by a magnet. The magnetic core-shell Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}@Alg-La particles before and after fluoride adsorption were studied by SEM, FTIR, EDX and XPS, which indicated that the adsorption mechanism may be related to electrostatic attraction and Lewis acid-base interaction.

Expanding the Repertoire of Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Metallo-ß-Lactamases by Functional Metagenomic Analysis of Soil Microbiota.

Science.gov (United States)

Gudeta, Dereje D; Bortolaia, Valeria; Pollini, Simona; Docquier, Jean-Denis; Rossolini, Gian M; Amos, Gregory C A; Wellington, Elizabeth M H; Guardabassi, Luca

2016-01-01

Carbapenemases are bacterial enzymes that hydrolyze carbapenems, a group of last-resort β-lactam antibiotics used for treatment of severe bacterial infections. They belong to three β-lactamase classes based amino acid sequence (A, B, and D). The aim of this study was to elucidate occurrence, diversity and functionality of carbapenemase-encoding genes in soil microbiota by functional metagenomics. Ten plasmid libraries were generated by cloning metagenomic DNA from agricultural ( n = 6) and grassland ( n = 4) soil into Escherichia coli . The libraries were cultured on amoxicillin-containing agar and up to 100 colonies per library were screened for carbapenemase production by CarbaNP test. Presumptive carbapenemases were characterized with regard to DNA sequence, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of β-lactams, and imipenem hydrolysis. Nine distinct class B carbapenemases, also known as metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs), were identified in six soil samples, including two subclass B1 (GRD23-1 and SPN79-1) and seven subclass B3 (CRD3-1, PEDO-1, GRD33-1, ESP-2, ALG6-1, ALG11-1, and DHT2-1). Except PEDO-1 and ESP-2, these enzymes were distantly related to any previously described MBLs (33 to 59% identity). RAIphy analysis indicated that six enzymes (CRD3-1, GRD23-1, DHT2-1, SPN79-1, ALG6-1, and ALG11-1) originated from Proteobacteria , two (PEDO-1 and ESP-2) from Bacteroidetes and one (GRD33-1) from Gemmatimonadetes . All MBLs detected in soil microbiota were functional when expressed in E. coli , resulting in detectable imipenem-hydrolyzing activity and significantly increased MICs of clinically relevant ß-lactams. Interestingly, the MBLs yielded by functional metagenomics generally differed from those detected in the same soil samples by antibiotic selective culture, showing that the two approaches targeted different subpopulations in soil microbiota.

Características sociodemográficas y de salud de los adultos mayores en situación de calle en Lima, Perú

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Marlene Moquillaza-Risco

Full Text Available Objetivos. Describir las características sociodemográficas y de salud de las personas adultas mayores en situación de calle (PAMSC. Materiales y métodos. Estudio de tipo transversal, se identificaron variables sociodemográficas y de salud de las PAMSC al momento del ingreso al Programa Nacional Vida Digna (PNVD del Ministerio de la Mujer y Poblaciones Vulnerables del Perú. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las variables sociodemográficas y de las condiciones de salud, además se determinó la probabilidad de dependencia funcional según edad y estratificada por sexo y estado mental, usando un modelo de regresión logística. Resultados. Las PAMSC fueron, en su mayoría, hombres, solteros y con grado de instrucción primaria o menor. El 66,2% de las PAMSC presentaron algún tipo de enfermedad crónica y 27,8 algún tipo de enfermedad mental. El 50% presentaron algún grado de dependencia funcional, y casi el 70% presentó algún grado de deterioro cognitivo. La probabilidad de dependencia funcional parcial se incrementó con la edad, siendo más alta en mujeres, además, se incrementó a mayor grado de deterioro cognitivo. Conclusiones. Las PAMSC son una población altamente vulnerable no solo por el hecho de vivir a la intemperie, con necesidades básicas insatisfechas, sino también por su alta frecuencia de enfermedades crónicas y mentales, además de su alto grado de dependencia funcional y deterioro mental, que hace difícil que puedan valerse por sí mismas y requieren de cuidados especiales para superar esta situación de abandono

Preparación y propiedades de una arcilla montmorillonita pilareada con polihidroxicationes de aluminio Preparation and properties of a montmorillonite clay pillared with aluminium polyhydroxications

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Sibele B. C. Pergher

1999-09-01

Full Text Available Montmorillonite clay from Brazil was pillared with aluminium polyhydroxications. The influence of Al/Mont ratio and calcination temperature in the properties of the prepared materials was studied. Results showed that the pillarization process increases the basal spaces of the natural clay from 9,7 to 18,5Å and the superficial area from 41 to ~230m2/g. The calcination process at different temperatures showed that the pillared material was stable until 600oC but the adequate temperature for calcination was 450oC. Materials prepared with different Al/Mont ratios showed the maximum Al incorporation for ratios >10meq Al/g and a good distribution for rations >15meq Al/g.

Les inscriptions funéraires au cimetière d’Aïn El-Beida (Oran) : état des lieux

OpenAIRE

Hirreche Baghdad, Mohamed

2016-01-01

Ce papier résulte d’un projet établissement inscrit au CRASC (2009-2013) intitulé : « les inscriptions sur les stèles funéraires dans l’ouest algérien : permanence et évolution ». La problématique de ce projet est la suivante : qu’écrivent les algériens sur les tombes de leurs proches et comment expliquer la divergence ou la ressemblance des contenus épigraphiques des stèles funéraires ? La première partie de la question s’intéresse à l’état des lieux de l’épigraphie au cimetière d’Aïn El-Bei...

Method of manufacturing a niobium-aluminum-germanium superconductive material

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, J.L.F.; Pickus, M.R.; Douglas, K.E.

A method for manufacturing flexible Nb/sub 3/ (Al,Ge) multifilamentary superconductive material in which a sintered porous Nb compact is infiltrated with an Al-Ge alloy. It is deformed and heat treated in a series of steps at successively higher temperatures preferably below 1000/sup 0/C during the heat treatment, cladding material such as copper can be applied to facilitate a deformation step preceding the heat treatment and can remain in place through the heat treatment to serve as a temperature stabilizer for the superconductive material produced. These lower heat treatment temperatures favor formation of filaments with reduced grain size and with more grain boundaries which in turn increase the current-carrying capacity of the superconductive material.

Le manuel de 1ère AS comme espace de représentations de soi et de l’autre 

OpenAIRE

Hamidou, Nabila

2012-01-01

Les travaux en psychologie sociale démontrent que l’idéologie véhiculée dans les différents discours didactiques et institutions les mettant en exergue, influaient d’une manière consciente et inconsciente sur les représentations que nous nous faisons de notre culture, notre langue, notre façon de réagir, de nous mouvoir… Or, beaucoup de textes tirés du manuel de 1ère AS lettres, véhiculent certains stéréotypes négatifs relatifs à la culture algérienne et à l’Algérie. Nous pensons que la réité...

Influence of 90Sr, adult thymectomy and antilymphocyteglobulin on haematopoietic tissues and peripheral blood leucocytes in CBA mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bierke, P.

1986-01-01

The role or long-time immune suppression in carcinogenesis induced by the long-lived internal emitter 90 Sr, is investigated in an ongoing study. The experimental design is based on the assumption that impaired immune responsiveness, by other means than 90 Sr, might increase the neoplastic response in exposed individuals, and thus reflect a protective function, if existing. Intercomparison is made of the tumour yield in mice exposed to different single doses of 90 Sr and simultaneously subjected or not to long-term immune suppression by adult thymectomy (ATx) and/or antilymphocyteglobulin (ALG) treatment. Information on the general condition and responsiveness of the immune system, in the respective models, during tumour expectancy time, is essential for a conclusive evaluation of the results. To meet theses demands the present paper reports on histopathologic alternations in immune organs and changes in white blood cell counts, induced by the different combinations of 90 Sr, ATx + ALG treatment. The results confirm the prediction, that ATx + ALG is an efficient and, with respect to the purpose of the study, suitable treatment for additive long-term depression of the immune system in 90 Sr irradiated mice, evidenced in particular by increased depletion of monomorphonuclear cells (MNC) in lymphoid organs and peripheral blood. Subsequent reports will deal with functional immune parameters. (orig.)

Modified immunosuppressive therapy with porcine antilymphocyte globulin plus delayed cyclosporine A in children with severe aplastic anemia.

Science.gov (United States)

Cui, Qingya; Sha, Pingping; Chen, Haifei; Shen, Hongshi; Qin, Longmei; Li, Zhengyang; Wu, Tianqin; Wang, Zhaoyue

2018-01-01

Immunosuppressive therapy (IST) with antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and cyclosporine (CsA) is the standard treatment for children with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) with no human leukocyte antigen-matched siblings. Due to the unavailability of horse ATG in China, porcine antilymphocyte globulin (p-ALG), which is less expensive and more effective than rabbit ATG, is widely used. We sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of modified IST with p-ALG plus delayed CsA at day 21 in 50 SAA children. Eighteen SAA patients who progressed from nonsevere aplastic anemia (NSAA) were classified as SAA-II; the other 32 patients were classified as SAA-I. Overall response (OR) rates at 3, 6 and 12 months were 56, 64 and 62%, respectively. The 10-year overall survival (OS) rate and disease-free survival (DFS) rate were 80 and 56%. The OR, OS and DFS rates in the SAA-I group were clearly better than those in the SAA-II group. Death rate from infection within 30 days was 4%. Modified IST with p-ALG plus delayed CsA is a reliable and well-tolerated treatment for children with SAA, and reduces early death due to infection. Modified IST is more suitable for children with SAA-I.

Euroopa temaatika intrigeerib ja harib / Imbi Leevand

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Leevand, Imbi

2008-01-01

ERÜ kooliraamatukogude sektsiooni teabepäevast "Kooliraamatukogu - aken Euroopasse", kus esinesid ettekandega ka TLÜ algõpetuse õppetooli lastekirjanduse dotsent Mare Müürsepp ja Tiina Sulg Tartu Linnaraamatukogust

Dans la cuisine du partenariat. Retour sur les obstacles interculturels et institutionnels dans un projet de coopération universitaire franco-algérienne  In the kitchen of the partnership. A reflexive look at intercultural and institutional obstacles in a Franco-Algerian project of academic co-operation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maurice Blanc

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Cet article analyse de manière réflexive une expérience de coopération universitaire franco-algérienne et il examine l’impact sur le partenariat des tensions produites par la mise à l’épreuve du terrain. Emboîté dans de multiples dispositifs, l’objet de la coopération concentre un faisceau d’attentes, aussi diverses que contradictoires, susceptibles de créer des tensions dans des négociations qu’il faut en permanence reprendre. L’article montre que l’approche par la transaction sociale est pertinente pour analyser des processus partenariaux qui passent par de la coopération conflictuelle et des arrangements informels. Deux obstacles majeurs apparaissent : les cercles vicieux bureaucratiques et les malentendus interculturels. Des transactions implicites et tacites permettent de débloquer lentement la situation.This paper makes a reflexive assessment of an experiment in Franco-Algerian academic co-operation. It addresses the impact on the partnership of the tensions which emerge at field level practice. Embedded in various institutional patterns, the aim of co-operation is caught between diverging and contradictory expectations, creating tensions which fuel never-ending negotiations. The paper highlights the relevance of a social transaction approach for the understanding of partnership processes which necessarily involve conflictual co-operation and informal arrangements. Two major obstacles emerge: bureaucratic vicious circles and intercultural misunderstandings. Implicit and/or tacit transactions can allow for the slow unfolding of situations.

127 Composition physicochimique des miels algériens ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Riad

... of five honey samples collected from different Algerian regions was carried out on ..... A. AL-ARIFY,Physicochemical characteristics and pollen spectrum of some ... the International Honey Commission,Liebefeld Switzerland, Swiss Bee Res.

WATER BLOOM OF BLUEGREEN ALGE IN CARP FISHPOUNDS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Melita Mihaljević

1996-03-01

Full Text Available The massive development of bluegreen algae (Cyanophyta/Cyanobacteria, the so--called water bloom, is a frequent phenomenon in fishpond ecosystems. This study analyses water bloom development in three carp fishponds owned by a fishbreeding company at Donji Miholjac (Croatia, where one-year-old carps (Cyprinus carpio , were bred in defferent fishstock densities. Analyses of physicallychemical properties of water and phytoplankton biomass were per- formed in fortnight intervals from May till October, 1992. In all there investigated fishponds the water bloom of bluegreen algae developed, but at a different time and showing a different qualitative composition. In the fishpond with fishstock density of 250 kg/ha water bloom consisted of the species Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, and the biggest biomass (131.92 mg/I was found in August. In the fishpond with fishstock density of 437 kg/ha a water bloom consisting of species from the genues Anabaena and species Aphanizomenon flos-aquae developed at the end of July. In the fishpond with the so--called intensive breeding (fishstock density of 750 kg/ha water bloom of the species Microcystis aeruginosa developed as late as September. The beginning of water bloom development was caused by the low value (lower than 7 of the ratio between the quantities of total phosphorus and total nitrogen. However, the qualitative composition of water bloom was influenced by one-year-old carp fingerlings density.

Abu Kamil algèbre et analyse diophantienne

CERN Document Server

Rashed, Roshdi

2012-01-01

The mathematical wrks of Abu Kamil (floruit circa 880) were produced two generations after the works of Al-Khwarizmi, the founder of algebra. They opened up fields of research that proved fertile up until the seventeenth century, and were soon to become both a reference and a model. Their influence was decisive on the development of algebra in Arabic no less than in Latin and Hebrew. There will be found in the present publication the first rigorously critical edition of Abu Kamil s works, as well as the first ever translation into a modern language.Text and translation are preceded by an exhau

Rozhdenije "Biologitsheskogo natshala" Ivana Zubaki : Tallinn-Uels, sentjabr 2002 g / Ivan Zubaka ; interv. Svetlana Hristoforova

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Zubaka, Ivan

2002-01-01

IV rahvusvahelisest puuskulptuurisümpoosiumist Wales'is, organiseerijaks skulptor Tom Gilhespy: korraldusest, oma skulptuuri "Bioloogiline alge" valmimisest. Eestist osalesid veel Tiiu Kirsipuu, Aime Kuulbusch, Urmas Rauba ja Ekke Väli

OTEL WEB TASARIMI VE WEB BAĞLILIĞININ ONLİNE SATIN ALMA NİYETİNE ETKİSİ: DUBAİ'DEKİ İŞ GEZGİNLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

OpenAIRE

YANIK, Akan

2017-01-01

Turistik ürünlerin kendine has özellikleri nedeniyleturistler soyut bilgilerle ve vaatlerle satın alma kararını vermekzorundadırlar. Turizm endüstrisi bilgi ağlarıyla soyut vaatlerin dolduramadığıalgı boşluğunu doldurmaya çalışmaktadır. Otel web siteleri turistlerin algıboşluklarını ve kaygılarını azaltan önemli bir medyadır. Fakat bu medyayayalnızca bir bilgi servisi, iletişim kanalı veya geribildirim sistemi olarak yaklaşılmamalıdır.Web siteleri üzerindeki arama davranışı ve bilgilerle sağl...

Structural and mutational characterization of the catalytic A-module of the mannuronan C-5-epimerase AlgE4 from Azotobacter vinelandii

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Rozeboom, Henriette J.; Bjerkan, Tonje M.; Kalk, Kor H.; Ertesvag, Helga; Holtan, Synnove; Aachmann, Finn L.; Valla, Svein; Dijkstra, Bauke W.; Ertesvåg, Helga; Holtan, Synnøve

2008-01-01

Alginate is a family of linear copolymers of (1 -> 4)-linked beta-D-mannuronic acid and its C-5 epimer alpha-L-guluronic acid. The polymer is first produced as polymannuronic acid and the guluronic acid residues are then introduced at the polymer level by mannuronan C-5-epimerases. The structure of

IDRC in Algeria

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

IDRC in Algeria. INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH CENTRE. IT ... Grantee: Centre de Recherche en. Économie ... Agency, in cooperation with the Canada's ... scientifique et technique en anthropologie ... agronomique d'Algérie.

Tere tähed! : tähejooga õpetab lugema / Krista Kivisalu ; kommenteerinud Kristel Paimla

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kivisalu, Krista, 1968-

2016-01-01

Vestlusest MTÜ Hooling lugemisnõustaja, koolitaja ja Eesti Lugemisühingu juhatuse liikme Maili Liineviga. Lugemisjooga on uus mänguline meetod, mis ühendab Kundalini lastejooga ja lugemise algõppe

Observatorio de Política Internacional III. EUROPA, ASIA y AFRICA - Israel. Autonomía Palestina ¿Un estado fallido?

OpenAIRE

Neira Fernández, Enrique

2009-01-01

Obama, el nuevo presidente de Estados Unidos ha dicho que dentro de sus prioridades internacionales figura el tener algún progreso alrededor del problema Israel - Palestina. Estos son buenos augurios. 1-3

Otsustava teo päev / Tiit Maksim

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Maksim, Tiit, 1941-

2005-01-01

Tallinnas Harjumäe nõlval avati Vabaduse monumendi alge - Võrumaalt Urvaste vallast toodud põllukivi, millesse on raiutud "Siia rajatakse vabaduse monument. 29. X 2005", osales ka parlamendiliige, spiiker Ene Ergma

Preparation, Characterization, and In Vivo Pharmacoscintigraphy Evaluation of an Intestinal Release Delivery System of Prussian Blue for Decorporation of Cesium and Thallium

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nidhi Sandal

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Background. Prussian blue (PB, ferric hexacyanoferrate is approved by US-FDA for internal decorporation of Cesium-137 (137Cs and Thallium-201 (201Tl. Aim. Since PB is a costly drug, pH-dependent oral delivery system of PB was developed using calcium alginate matrix system. Methods. Alginate (Alg beads containing PB were optimized by gelation of sodium alginate with calcium ions and effect of varying polymer concentration on encapsulation efficiency and release profile was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM was carried out to study surface morphology. Adsorption efficacy of Alg-PB beads for 201Tl was evaluated and compared with native PB. In vivo pH-dependent release of the formulation was studied in humans using gamma scintigraphy. Results. Encapsulation efficiencies of Alg-PB beads with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0% polymer solution were 99.9, 91, 92, and 93%, respectively. SEM and particle size analysis revealed differences between formulations in their appearance and size distribution. No drug release was seen in acidic media (pH of 1-2 while complete release was observed at pH of 6.8. Dissolution data was fitted to various mathematical models and beads were found to follow Hixson-Crowell mechanism of release. The pH-dependent release of beads was confirmed in vivo by pharmacoscintigraphy in humans.

Evidence that the synthesis of glucosylphosphodolichol in yeast involves a 35-kDa membrane protein

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Palamarczyk, G.; Drake, R.; Haley, B.; Lennarz, W.J.

1990-01-01

In an effort to identify the polypeptide chain of glucosylphosphodolichol synthase, yeast microsomal membranes were allowed to react with 5-azido[β- 32 P]UDPGlc, a photoactive analogue of UDPGlc, which is a substrate for this enzyme. Upon photolysis the 32 P-labeled probe was shown to link covalently to a 35-kDa protein present in microsomal membranes prepared from several wild-type yeast strains. Binding was either reduced or absent in the microsomal membranes from two yeast mutants (alg5 and dpg1) that are known to be defective in the synthesis of glucosylphosphodolichol. The microsomes isolated from a heterozygous diploid strain alg5::dpg1 generated from these two mutants exhibited partial restoration of both the ability to photolabel the 35-kDa protein and the ability to catalyze the synthesis of glucosylphosphodolichol. Microsomal membranes from a mutant strain that synthesized glucosylphosphodolichol but lacked the ability to transfer the glucosyl residue to the growing lipid-linked oligosaccharide (alg6) exhibited labeling with 5-azido[β- 32 P]UDPGlc comparable to that found in microsomes from the wild-type strain. In all cases photoinsertion of the probe into the 35-kDa protein correlated with the level of synthase assayed in the microsomal membranes. These results strongly support the conclusion that the 35-kDa protein labeled in these experiments is a component of glucosylphosphodolichol synthase

Composite Alginate-Hyaluronan Sponges for the Delivery of Tranexamic Acid in Postextractive Alveolar Wounds.

Science.gov (United States)

Catanzano, Ovidio; D'Esposito, Vittoria; Formisano, Pietro; Boateng, Joshua S; Quaglia, Fabiana

2018-02-01

The management of wounds in patients on anticoagulant therapy who require oral surgical procedures is problematic and often results in a nonsatisfactory healing process. Here, we report a method to prepare an advanced dressing able to avoid uncontrolled bleeding by occluding the postextractive alveolar wounds, and simultaneously, capable of a fast release of tranexamic acid (TA). Composite alginate/hyaluronan (ALG/HA) sponge dressings loaded with TA were prepared by a straightforward internal gelation method followed by a freeze-drying step. Both blank and drug-loaded sponges were soft, flexible, and elegant in appearance and nonbrittle in nature. Scanning electron microscopy analysis confirmed the porous nature of these dressings. The integration of HA influenced the microstructure, reducing the porosity, modifying the water uptake kinetic, and increasing the resistance to compression. TA release from ALG/HA sponges showed a controlled release up to 3 h, and it was faster in the presence of HA. Finally, an in vitro clotting test performed on human whole blood confirmed that the TA-loaded sponges significantly reduce the blood clotting index by 30% compared with ALG/HA 20 sponges. These results suggest that, if placed in a socket cavity, these dressings could give a relevant help to the blood hemostasis after dental extractions, especially in patients with coagulation disorders. Copyright © 2018 American Pharmacists Association®. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluation of a polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate based orodispersible film containing sildenafil citrate.

Science.gov (United States)

Shi, Li-Li; Xu, Wei-Juan; Cao, Qing-Ri; Yang, Mingshi; Cui, Jing-Hao

2014-05-01

In this work, we developed a sildenafil citrate (SC)-loaded polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate (ALG-Na) based orodispersible film (ODF) using a solvent casting method. Formulation factors such as the type and amount of plasticizers and disintegrants were optimized on the basis of characteristics of blank ODF, including the disintegration time, elastic modulus (EM) and percentage of elongation (E%). SC-loaded ODF with a loading capacity up to 25 mg in an area of 6 cm2 was prepared and evaluated in terms of mechanical properties, disintegration time and dissolution rate. The surface morphology of ODF was visualized under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The physicochemical properties of ODF were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The blank ODF composed of PVA, polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) and ALG-Na (20:5:2, w/w) had a remarkably short disintegration time of about 20 s. However, the loading of drug extended the disintegration time (100 s) of ODF, while it still maintained satisfactory mechanical properties. SC was homogenously dispersed throughout the films and the crystalline form of drug changed, with strong hydrogen bonding between the drug and carriers. The PVA/ALG-Na based ODF containing SC prepared by the simple solvent casting method might be an alternative to conventional SC tablets for the treatment of male erectile dysfunction.

Modelagem nos anos iniciais da educação básica: como os estudantes modelam situações-problema?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Morgana Scheller

Full Text Available Resumo: Neste artigo objetiva-se compreender e analisar como estudantes dos Anos Iniciais da Educação Básica, em atividade de Modelagem, resolvem situações-problema que podem requerer domínio algébrico simbólico e que linguagens fazem uso na expressão dos modelos. Os dados empíricos advieram de uma das práticas de Modelagem desenvolvidas com 16 estudantes de escola pública durante 11 horas/aula, no período de junho e julho/2015 e foram obtidos dos materiais produzidos pelos estudantes, gravações de áudio e vídeo e observação realizada durante a prática sobre a numeração do calçado de uma pessoa. No processo os estudantes propuseram modelo estabelecendo relações numéricas entre as variáveis, obtendo generalização e realizando previsões. A análise evidenciou que eles resolvem situação-problema apresentando modelos nas linguagens natural, numérica e tabular, evidenciando domínio algébrico característico do pensamento algébrico anterior à linguagem simbólica, pertinente ao nível de escolaridade, e extrapolam objetivos referentes a realização de previsão a partir do modelo.

Cooperative Convex Optimization in Networked Systems: Augmented Lagrangian Algorithms With Directed Gossip Communication

Science.gov (United States)

Jakovetic, Dusan; Xavier, João; Moura, José M. F.

2011-08-01

We study distributed optimization in networked systems, where nodes cooperate to find the optimal quantity of common interest, x=x^\\star. The objective function of the corresponding optimization problem is the sum of private (known only by a node,) convex, nodes' objectives and each node imposes a private convex constraint on the allowed values of x. We solve this problem for generic connected network topologies with asymmetric random link failures with a novel distributed, decentralized algorithm. We refer to this algorithm as AL-G (augmented Lagrangian gossiping,) and to its variants as AL-MG (augmented Lagrangian multi neighbor gossiping) and AL-BG (augmented Lagrangian broadcast gossiping.) The AL-G algorithm is based on the augmented Lagrangian dual function. Dual variables are updated by the standard method of multipliers, at a slow time scale. To update the primal variables, we propose a novel, Gauss-Seidel type, randomized algorithm, at a fast time scale. AL-G uses unidirectional gossip communication, only between immediate neighbors in the network and is resilient to random link failures. For networks with reliable communication (i.e., no failures,) the simplified, AL-BG (augmented Lagrangian broadcast gossiping) algorithm reduces communication, computation and data storage cost. We prove convergence for all proposed algorithms and demonstrate by simulations the effectiveness on two applications: l_1-regularized logistic regression for classification and cooperative spectrum sensing for cognitive radio networks.

Ag2O/sodium alginate-reduced graphene oxide aerogel beads for efficient visible light driven photocatalysis

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Yuhua; Wang, Jiajia; Xu, Shimei; Feng, Shun; Wang, Jide

2018-02-01

In this work, one facile and green method was developed to resolve the instinct defects of pure Ag2O and increase visible-light photocatalytic activity of Ag2O-based catalyst. In which, Ag2O was immobilized in sodium alginate-reduced graphene oxide (ALG-rGO) aerogel beads. The as-prepared aerogel beads showed a well-defined interconnected three-dimensional porous network and displayed the highest photocatalytic activity with a mass ratio of 40:1 (ALG:rGO). For the degradation of cationic Rhodamine B (RhB) and anionic dye Orange II (OII) dyes, rate constants were 1.95 × 10-2 min-1 and 4.13 × 10-2 min-1, which were 2.4 and 3.1 times higher than those of Ag2O/ALG aerogel beads, respectively. The further studies demonstrated that presence of rGO can effectively decrease the size of Ag2O, extend photoresponding range (UV to near-infrared light spectrum), speed-up separate photogenerated electrons and holes, retard charge recombination, and prolong electron lifetime and effective carrier diffusion length. The potential mechanism for RhB and OII degrading was expounded, and main active species in the degradation reactions of dyes were investigated by a series of trapping experiments. It offered a promising photocatalyst to purify the wastewater, and provided a sophisticated understanding of the pivotal role rGO acting in photocatalysis.

Engineering bone regeneration with novel cell-laden hydrogel microfiber-injectable calcium phosphate scaffold

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Song, Yang [Department of Prosthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong (China); Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201 (United States); Zhang, Chi [State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 (China); Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201 (United States); Wang, Ping, E-mail: dentistping@gmail.com [Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201 (United States); Wang, Lin [Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201 (United States); VIP Integrated Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130011 (China); Bao, Chunyun [State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 (China); Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201 (United States); Weir, Michael D.; Reynolds, Mark A. [Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201 (United States); Ren, Ke [Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 (United States); Zhao, Liang, E-mail: lzhaonf@126.com [Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201 (United States); Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515 (China); and others

2017-06-01

Cell-based tissue engineering is promising to create living functional tissues for bone regeneration. The implanted cells should be evenly distributed in the scaffold, be fast-released to the defect and maintain high viability in order to actively participate in the regenerative process. Herein, we report an injectable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold containing cell-encapsulating hydrogel microfibers with desirable degradability that could deliver cells in a timely manner and maintain cell viability. Microfibers were synthesized using partially-oxidized alginate with various concentrations (0–0.8%) of fibrinogen to optimize the degradation rate of the alginate-fibrin microfibers (Alg-Fb MF). A fibrin concentration of 0.4% in Alg-Fb MF resulted in the greatest enhancement of cell migration, release and proliferation. Interestingly, a significant amount of cell–cell contact along the long-axis of the microfibers was established in Alg-0.4%Fb MF as early as day 2. The injectable tissue engineered construct for bone reconstruct was fabricated by mixing the fast-degradable Alg-0.4%Fb MF with CPC paste at 1:1 volume ratio. In vitro study showed that cells re-collected from the construct maintained good viability and osteogenic potentials. In vivo study demonstrated that the hBMSC-encapsulated CPC-MF tissue engineered construct displayed a robust capacity for bone regeneration. At 12 weeks after implantation, osseous bridge in the rat mandibular defect was observed in CPC-MF-hBMSCs group with a new bone area fraction of (42.1 ± 7.8) % in the defects, which was > 3-fold that of the control group. The novel tissue-engineered construct presents an excellent prospect for a wide range of dental, craniofacial and orthopedic applications. - Highlights: • Microfibers protected cells during CPC mixing and injection, and supported the viability, migration and differentiation of encapsulated cells. • Cells re-collected from the construct maintained good viability

Engineering bone regeneration with novel cell-laden hydrogel microfiber-injectable calcium phosphate scaffold

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Song, Yang; Zhang, Chi; Wang, Ping; Wang, Lin; Bao, Chunyun; Weir, Michael D.; Reynolds, Mark A.; Ren, Ke; Zhao, Liang

2017-01-01

Cell-based tissue engineering is promising to create living functional tissues for bone regeneration. The implanted cells should be evenly distributed in the scaffold, be fast-released to the defect and maintain high viability in order to actively participate in the regenerative process. Herein, we report an injectable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold containing cell-encapsulating hydrogel microfibers with desirable degradability that could deliver cells in a timely manner and maintain cell viability. Microfibers were synthesized using partially-oxidized alginate with various concentrations (0–0.8%) of fibrinogen to optimize the degradation rate of the alginate-fibrin microfibers (Alg-Fb MF). A fibrin concentration of 0.4% in Alg-Fb MF resulted in the greatest enhancement of cell migration, release and proliferation. Interestingly, a significant amount of cell–cell contact along the long-axis of the microfibers was established in Alg-0.4%Fb MF as early as day 2. The injectable tissue engineered construct for bone reconstruct was fabricated by mixing the fast-degradable Alg-0.4%Fb MF with CPC paste at 1:1 volume ratio. In vitro study showed that cells re-collected from the construct maintained good viability and osteogenic potentials. In vivo study demonstrated that the hBMSC-encapsulated CPC-MF tissue engineered construct displayed a robust capacity for bone regeneration. At 12 weeks after implantation, osseous bridge in the rat mandibular defect was observed in CPC-MF-hBMSCs group with a new bone area fraction of (42.1 ± 7.8) % in the defects, which was > 3-fold that of the control group. The novel tissue-engineered construct presents an excellent prospect for a wide range of dental, craniofacial and orthopedic applications. - Highlights: • Microfibers protected cells during CPC mixing and injection, and supported the viability, migration and differentiation of encapsulated cells. • Cells re-collected from the construct maintained good viability

Word Parts and What They Mean

Science.gov (United States)

... mono- one multi- many olig-, oligo- few, little poly- many, excessive quadri- four semi- half tachy- fast ... pressure Good and Bad Part Definition -alge-, -algesi pain a-, an- without; lacking anti- against contra- against ...

De l'oubli à la reconnaissance : l'exemple des résultats mathématiques d'Étienne Bézout (1730-1783)

OpenAIRE

Alfonsi , Liliane

2009-01-01

15 pages; Trois éléments mathématiques sont connus aujourd'hui sous le nom de Bézout, une identité (en algèbre), un théorème (en géométrie algébrique), et un outil (un invariant). Pourtant ces résultats ne lui ont pas été attribués de son vivant. - Le 1er, l'identité de Bézout, qui peut se déduire de ses écrits mais n'y apparaît pas clairement, ne porte définitivement son nom que depuis Bourbaki (vers 1950) - Le 2e, le théorème de Bézout, lui a été attribué en 1795 mais a été fortement transf...

PROFIBUS-DP AĞ TABANLI BİNA OTOMASYONU TASARIMI

OpenAIRE

Cemal YILMAZ; İ. Serkan ÜNCÜ

2006-01-01

Bu çalışmada, Profibus-DP ağı kullanılarak bir Bina Otomasyonu tasarlanmıştır. Tasarımda; yangın algılama, hırsız algılama, aydınlatma, güç, nem ve sıcaklık denetimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Binada veriler katlarda bulunan denetim noktalarında toplanarak arabirimler vasıtasıyla Profibus-DP ağına aktarılmaktadır. Binadan alınan veriler ana denetim biriminde toplanarak binanın tamamı denetim altına alınmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda enerji tasarrufu, güç denetimi, güvenlik, ısı ve nem denetiminde optim...

Saber y poder en los profesionales de la comunicación. Una aproximación al concepto de autoridad desde la epistemología de la comunicación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marta Torregrosa

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Es lugar común aceptado entre la sociedad y los profesionales de la comunicación -en todas sus versiones mediáticas- que estos últimos ejercen cierta autoridad en el desempeño de su tarea profesional. Formar parte de una profesión es una especie de reconocimiento social e institucional que se otorga a determinadas personas para administrar un saber específico en beneficio del bien común de la sociedad. Desde una perspectiva epistemológica merece la pena considerar el supuesto de que, en efecto, los comunicadores tengan algún tipo de saber específico -esto es, algún tipo de autoridad sobre el resto-, y preguntarse dónde se encuentra el fundamento de ésta y cómo se ejerce.

ÇALIŞANLARDA MESLEKİ ÖZ YETERLİLİK ALGISI İLE ÖRGÜTSEL MUHALEFET İLIŞKİSİ

OpenAIRE

Bakan, İsmail; Doğan, İnci Fatma; Yılmaz, Yeter Sonay

2017-01-01

Mesleki öz yeterlilik kavramı ile çalışanların mesleki alanlardaki yeterlilik algıları, örgütsel muhalefet kavramı ile de çalışanların, örgütlerde uygulanan politikalar ve uygulamalar ile ilgili düşüncelerinin paylaşılması, karşıt görüşlerin ve uyuşmazlıkların dile getirilmesi ifade edilmektedir. Bu çalışmadaki temel amaç, çalışanların mesleki öz yeterlilik algılarının örgütsel muhalefet düzeylerini etkileyip etkilemediğini ortaya koymak suretiyle iki kavram arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. ...

Design and characterization of core-shell mPEG-PLGA composite microparticles for development of cell-scaffold constructs

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wen, Yanhong; Gallego, Monica Ramos; Nielsen, Lene Feldskov

2013-01-01

/DS or Alg/CS/DS particles in the mPEG-PLGA microparticles were significantly dependent on the operating conditions, including the flow rate ratio (Qout/Qin) and the viscosity of the polymer solutions (Vout, Vin) between the outer and the inner feeding channels. The core-shell composite microparticles.......e. more sustainable cell growth was induced by the DS released from the core-shell composite microparticles comprising Alg/CS/DS particles. After seeding fibroblasts onto the composite microparticles, excellent cell adhesion was observed, and a successful assembly of the cell-scaffold constructs...... was induced within 7 days. Therefore, the present study demonstrates a novel strategy for fabrication of core-shell composite microparticles comprising additional particulate drug carriers in the core, which provides controlled delivery of DS and favorable cell biocompatibility; an approach to potentially...

Agresiones físicas en prisión, la enfermedad mental como factor de riesgo asociado

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

F. Caravaca-Sánchez

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Analizar la victimización física en la población penitenciaria teniendo en cuenta la existencia de algún tipo de enfermedad mental en el Centro Penitenciario de Albolote (Granada. Material y métodos: 270 personas privadas de libertad realizaron una encuesta anónima y voluntaria sobre victimización. Resultados: Un 36,7% del total de internos sufrió algún tipo de victimización física en prisión. Aproximadamente un 62,2% de los participantes perciben que tienen ansiedad, depresión, enfermedad bipolar, esquizofrenia u otra enfermedad mental, recibiendo la mitad tratamiento para estos problemas. Conclusiones: Las agresiones físicas para personas con enfermedad mental son 2.5 veces superiores respecto los que no tienen ninguna.

ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK KELOMPOK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN CLUSTER ENSEMBLE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dyah Paminta Rahayu

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Clustering is one of data mining techniques which is used to group databased on similarity of the object data attributes. In general clustering algorithm is developed to process only one type of data, either category or numerical data type. Not many algorithms were developed to process the mixture between category and numerical data. One algorithm to process the mixed data is algCEBMDC, a clustering algorithm using cluster ensemble approach. The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of the results of clustering algorithms algCEBMDC. The research methods follow the work-flow of data mining and algCEBMDC algorithm. The data used is the data of inactive students of Mathematics study program in Universitas Terbuka (The Indonesia Open University. First, the data is cleared up to get clean data ready for processing, and then is separated into two groups based on the type of category data and numerical data. The category data is processed using QROCK algorithm, producing 44 groups which is obtained at the 0.98 threshold value with cohesion of 2044. The numerical data is processed using AGNES algorithm, generating 69 groups which is derived from a combination of Cityblock Distance and Average link method with cophenet value of 0,822. The results of the two grouping are combined, considered as a data category, then is processed using QROCK algorithm. The resulting groups had similar characteristics on the end of education, employment status, marital status, and gender. The academic achievement factors indicate that the passing level of courses in the first two semesters are very low. It can be concluded that the first two semesters is a critical time for distance education students in mathematic study program. Pengelompokkan merupakan salah satu tehnik data mining yang digunakan untuk mengelompokkan data berdasarkan kemiripan atribut dari data obyek. Pada umumnya algoritma pengelompokan dikembangkan hanya untuk memproses salah satu

Publications | Page 79 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Expérimentation Participative et Adaptive de Modèles de Gestion des Ressources Forestières dans la Chaine Montagneuse de l'Atlas (Algérie, Maroc, Tunisie) : rapport technique final (open access) ...

Mina-pilt ja kirjutamisoskus : põhikooli I aste / Anne Uusen

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Uusen, Anne

2001-01-01

Minakontseptsioon, minakontseptsioon ja enesehinnang, meetodid minakontseptsiooni hindamisel. TPÜ algõpetuse õppetooli üliõpilane Piret Laup uuris oma bakalaureusetöös "Kuidas lapsed tunnetavad ennast kirjutajatena" 3. klasside õpilaste enesehinnangut ja mina-kontseptsiooni kirjutajatena

The Importance Therapeutic of Products Extracted from the Fir Tree of Numidia (Abies numidica) and Research for an Antibacterial Activity

OpenAIRE

YASMİNA, Tlili AitKaki; BENNADJA, Salima; ABDELGHANİ, Djahoudi

2014-01-01

Yasmina TLILI AIT KAKI, Salima BENNADJA, Djahoudi ABDELGHANI Laboratoire de botanique médicale, Département de pharmacie, Faculté de médecine, Université Badji Mokhtar Annaba, 23000 Algérie *Corresponding Author:

Annelerin Ebeveynlik Öz Yeterlik Algıları ile Gelişimi Risk Altında Olan Bebeklerin Gelişimleri Arasındaki İlişkiyi İnceleyen Araştırmalara Bir Bakış

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Veysel Aksoy

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmanın amacı, ebeveynlerin (özellikle annelerin öz yeterlik düzeyleri ile çocuklarının erken çocukluk dönemindeki gelişimleri arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen araştırmaları gözden geçirmektir. Bu amaçla betimsel alan yazın taraması yapılmıştır. Ele alınan makalelerdeki bulgular, annelerin sahip olduğu ebeveyn öz yeterlik algısının düzeyi ile çocukların bilişsel, sosyal ve dil gelişimleri arasında ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca ebeveynlik öz yeterlik düzeyleri sosyo-ekonomik durum, sosyal destekler, bekâr anne olma ve annelik yaşı gibi değişkenlerden etkilenmektedir. Annelerin öz yeterlikleriyle çocuğun problem davranışları, annelik depresyonu ve stresi gibi değişkenler arasında da ilişkiler olduğu çalışmalarda rapor edilmiştir. The purpose of this study is to overview studies on relationship between the parental self-efficacy levels (especially mothers’ self-efficacy and development of their young children. For this purpose, a narrative literature review was carried out. Based on the review of the literature, it is observed that there are relationships between the parental self-efficacy and children’s cognitive, social and language development. Moreover, parental self-efficacy level is affected by some variables such as socio-economical condition, social supports, being a single mother and mother’s age. Also, studies pointed out that there is a relationship between selfefficacy levels of mothers and child’s problem behaviors, maternal depression and stress.

Hybrid Iron Oxide-Graphene Oxide-Polysaccharides Microcapsule: A Micro-Matryoshka for On-demand Drug Release and Antitumor Therapy In Vivo

KAUST Repository

Deng, Lin; Li, Qiujin; Al-Rehili, Safa'a; Omar, Haneen; Almalik, Abdulaziz; Alshamsan, Aws; Zhang, Jianfei; Khashab, Niveen M.

2016-01-01

microcapsule (h-MC) by a simple layer-by-layer technique comprising polysaccharides (Alg, Chi, HA), iron oxide, and graphene oxide. Electrostatic assembly of the oppositely charged polysaccharides and graphene sheets provided a robust structure to load drugs

Namık Kemal’in Sanat/Sanatçı Algısında Romantizm ve Victor Hugo Etkisi Influence of Romanticism and Victor Hugo on Namık Kemal’s Perception of Art/Artist

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abdulhalim AYDIN

2012-09-01

�ağdaşlaşma, yenilenme ihtiyacıyla yüzünü Batı’ya çevirdiği bir yapılanma dönemidir. Tanzimat edebiyatı da bu sürecin edebi tarafını oluşturmuştur. Dönemin diğer yazarları gibi bu edebiyatın en büyük simalarından N. Kemal’in üzerinde de romantizmin ve özellikle Hugo’nun etkilerinin büyük boyutlarda olduğu bilinen bir şeydir. Hugo’nun şiirlerini de okumakla beraber tiyatroları ve romanlarına daha büyük ilgi duyan N. Kemal’de bu ilginin sonuçları kendini göstermekte gecikmez. Eserlerinde, büyük bir Hugo hayranlığı sonucu, romantizmin ve şefinin etkileri aslında artık herkesin bildiği “Hernani-Zavallı Çocuk” ve “Cromwell Önsözü-Celaleddin Önsözü” ile sınırlı değildir. Ama bu çalışmada asıl üzerinde durmak istediğimiz şey, N. Kemal’in sanat ve sanatçı algısında romantizm ve Hugo’nun etki veya katkısının mahiyetidir. Klasik okulun akılcılığı, kuralcılığı ve hitapta benimsediği seçkinciliğine karşı bir devrim gerçekleştiren romantik okulla, edebiyatı geniş bir perspektife yaymakla beraber bir tezin savunulması (litterature engagée biçiminde de algılayan Hugo’nun yazarımız üzerindeki etki ve/ya yönlendirmelerin ne kadar etkin olduğu çalışmamızın cevabını bulmaya çalıştığı temel soru olacaktır. Çalışmada da üzerinde durduğumuz gibi, esasen Hugo tarzı sanat ve edebiyat yapma biçimi Namık Kemal’in edebiyattan beklentilerine büyük ölçüde uyuyordu. Ne de olsa o da Hugo gibi, kemal de yeni bir toplum oluşturmada sanat ve edebiyatın büyük rolüne inanıyordu. Bu bağlamda, “Realizme ve temsilcilerine yönelseydi acaba bu gün karşımızda yine aynı Kemal’i bulur muyduk? Kemal’in gür halkçı sesiyle romantik bireyciliği nasıl bağdaştırmalı?” gibi sorular çalışmada bizi meşgul edecek sorulardır.

Radiostrontium-induced oncogenesis and the role of immunosuppression. Pt. 2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bierke, P.; Nilsson, A.

1990-01-01

The significance of depressed immune function for the development and progression of tumours induced by 90 Sr (mainly osteosarcomas and malignant lymphomas) was investigated in a series of experiments by comparing the tumour responses in normal mice with those in immunocompromised mice. The present paper (part II) reports on lympho-reticular (LR) and extraskeletal neoplastic lesions in male CBA/SU mice after exposure to different single doses of 90 Sr with or without additional immunosuppression by adult thymectomy (ATx) and/or prolonged antilymphocyteglobulin (ALG) treatment. Neoplastic lesions in bone were reported in part I. The status of the animal's immune system and responsive ability were examined in parallel experiments. The tumor yields were analysed in relation to the dosage of 90 Sr and the immunosuppressive treatments employed. Although the incidences and latency times of induced tumours were clearly dose-dependent, they were never significantly influenced by ATx/ALG treatments. Thus, no substantial support was gained for the theory that the immune system plays a controlling or modifying role in 90 Sr carcinogenesis. The results, which are in agreement with the bone tumour responses, suggest that 90 Sr induced tumours either do not express the antigens necessary for immune rejection or that the decline in immune responsiveness induced by ATx/ALG was of little consequence for tumour development and spread. The pathogenesis of 90 Sr induced malignant lymphomas (MLs) and their immunophenotypes are discussed. (orig.)

Release Behavior and Antibacterial Activity of Chitosan/Alginate Blends with Aloe vera and Silver Nanoparticles.

Science.gov (United States)

Gómez Chabala, Luisa Fernanda; Cuartas, Claudia Elena Echeverri; López, Martha Elena Londoño

2017-10-24

Aloe vera is a perennial plant employed for medical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic purposes that is rich in amino acids, enzymes, vitamins and polysaccharides, which are responsible for its therapeutic properties. Incorporating these properties into a biopolymer film obtained from alginate and chitosan allowed the development of a novel wound dressing with antibacterial capacity and healing effects to integrate the antibacterial capacity of silver nanoparticles with the healing and emollient properties of Aloe vera gel. Three alginate-chitosan matrices were obtained through blending methods using different proportions of alginate, chitosan, the Aloe vera (AV) gel and silver nanoparticles (AgNps), which were incorporated into the polymeric system through immersion methods. Physical, chemical and antibacterial characteristics were evaluated in each matrix. Interaction between alginate and chitosan was identified using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique (FTIR), porosity was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), swelling degree was calculated by difference in weight, Aloe vera gel release capacity was estimated by applying a drug model (Peppas) and finally antibacterial capacity was evaluated against S. Aureus and P. aeruginosa . Results show that alginate-chitosan (A (1:3 Chit 1/Alg 1); B (1:3 Chit 1.5/Alg 1) and C (3:1 Chit 1/Alg 1/B12)) matrices with Aloe vera (AV) gel and silver nanoparticles (AgNps) described here displayed antibacterial properties and absorption and Aloe vera release capacity making it a potential wound dressing for minor injuries.

Modèles de gestion des ressources forestières du massif ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Ingénieurs. Institution Country. Maroc. Institution Website. http://www.enfi.ac.ma. Project Leader. Dr. Mohamed Khemici. Institution. Institut national de la recherche forestière. Institution Country. Algérie. Project Leader. Dr. Abdelhamid Khaldi ...

InterProScan Result: FS775902 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available FS775902 FS775902_6_ORF1 74300360D38F371E PFAM PF05208 ALG3 NA ? IPR007873 unintegrated Cellular... Component: endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)|Cellular Component: integral to membrane (GO:0016021) ...

Crystal Growth in Al72.9Ge27.1 Alloy Melt under Acoustic Levitation Conditions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yan Na; Dai Fu-Ping; Wang Wei-Li; Wei Bing-Bo

2011-01-01

The nonequilibrium solidification of liquid Al 72.9 Ge 27.1 hypoeutectic alloy is accomplished by using single-axis acoustic levitation. A maximum undercooling of 112K (0.16T L ) is obtained for the alloy melt at a cooling rate of 50 K/s. The primary (Al) phase displays a morphological transition from coarse dendrite under a normal conditions to equiaxed grain under acoustic levitation. In the (Al)+(Ge) eutectic, the (Ge) phase exhibits a conspicuous branched growth morphology. Both the primary (Al) dendrites and (Al)+(Ge) eutectics are well refined and the solute content of the primary (Al) phase is extended under acoustic levitation. The calculated and experimental results indicate that the solute trapping effect becomes more intensive with the enhancement of bulk undercooling. (cross-disciplinary physics and related areas of science and technology)

ARABESK KADER ALGISI-Orhan Gencebay Örneği- / Arabesque Perception of Destiny –Orhan Gencebay Case-

OpenAIRE

ÖGE, Sinan

2014-01-01

ÖZPopüler kültürün önemli unsurlarından biri olan arabesk müzik, Türkiye toplumundaoldukça geniş kesimler üzerinde uzun yıllar etkili olmuştur. Arabesk,özellikle göçle birlikte şehir yaşamının zorluklarına katlanma ya da onlarla mücadeleetme durumunda kalan kırsal kesimin yaşam algısını ifade etmesi bakımındanönemli bir sosyolojik unsurdur. İnsanın dini anlayışını, yaşam algısını veAllah’la ilişkisini yansıtan önemli kavramlardan biri olan kader konusu, arabeskmüzikte oldukça yoğun olarak ele...

Raspberry Pi Kullanılarak bir Akıllı Ev Uygulaması Geliştirilmesi

OpenAIRE

YÜZGEÇ, Uğur; ABA, Ömer

2018-01-01

Bu çalışmada Raspberry Pi mikrodenetleyici tabanlı bir akıllı ev uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmakapsamında 64 Bit BCM2837 Chip, 1.2 GHz ARM Cortex A53 dört çekirdekli işlemci özelliklerine sahip RaspberryPi 3 mikrodenetleyici ile ultrasonik, hareket algılayıcı, sıcaklık/nem, titreşim modülü, servo motoru, buzzer (sesmodülü), kamera, ateş algılayıcı, DC motor, LDR, RGB led, tuş takımı, su tespit, RFID kit sensörleri kullanılmıştır.Uygulama kısmında çeşitli senaryo durumları için yapıl...

TEDARİK ZİNCİRİ ENTEGRASYONU VE HASTA GÜVENLİĞİ İLİŞKİSİNİN ANALİZİ

OpenAIRE

Tütüncü, Özkan; Küçükusta, Deniz

2014-01-01

Çalışmanın amacı hastanede görev yapan sterilizasyon sorumlularının tedarik zinciri entegrasyonu ve hasta güvenliği kültürüne ilişkin algılarının belirlemesi ve aralarındaki ilişkinin analiz edilmesidir. Çalışmada, Gaziantep’te düzenlenen 2. Sterilizasyon Semineri’ne katılan Ege ve Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgeleri sterilizasyon sorumlularının algıları, yapılandırılmış anket tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Yapısal geçerliliği ölçmek için ölçeklere uygulanan faktör analizi ve güvenilirlik a...

Haberleşmenin gizliliğini ihlal ve özel hayatın gizliliğini ihlal suçları(TCK m.132-134)

OpenAIRE

GEÇMEZ, Taner

2014-01-01

İnsanların toplumsal hayatın birer parçası olması, kişiden kişiye farklılık arzetmekle birlikte, diğer kişilerle ilişki içinde bulunmalarını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bu ilişkiler dolayısıyla kişilerin hayatlarının belli yönlerinin diğer kişiler tarafından öğrenilmesive algılanması kaçınılmaz hâle gelmektedir. Geldiğimiz noktada bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinde meydana gelen ve takip edilmesi neredeyse mümkün olmayan gelişmeler, öğrenme ve algılama şeklindeki bu tarz müdahaleleri fazlas...

COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON ZINC SULFIDE AND ZINC OXIDE: STRUCTURAL AND BIOCIDAL PROPERTIES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sukhodub L.B

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Introduction. The widespread use of drugs with antimicrobial action has led to the formation of microorganism resistance against wide range of antibiotics. One of the approaches to dissolving this problem is the substances modification by inorganic bioactive ions in oder to initiate a controlled reaction in the bone tissues and provision of antimicrobial activity. It is known that ZnO-based materials have a pronounced biocompatibility, they are characterized by high limit strength, absolute mechanical hardness, as well as the ability to withstand the harsh operating conditions. The aim of this work is the study of structural and biocidal properties of composite material based on zinc oxide and zinc sulfide (ZnS-ZnO and its complex with an organic substance - sodium alginate (ZnS-ZnO-Alg for use in biomedical purpose. Materials and methods. For the synthesis of ZnS-ZnO composite 50 ml 0.2M solution zinc nitrate was added to the 50 ml 0.2M thiourea CS (NH ₂ ₂ solution and stirred in a shaker for 60 minutes. The formation of the compound took place when added to a mixture of 25 mas.% solution of ammonia with the subsequent heating at 80 oC for 30 minutes. Synthesis of the metalorganic complex of ZnS-ZnO-Alg was performed by above mentioned procedure, but to the thiourea solution was previously added 1 ml of 3 mas.% solution of sodium alginate under ultrasonic mixing.. For the next research composites were dried or lyophilized. Study of antibacterial activity of the ZnS-ZnO and ZnS-ZnO-Alg particles was carried out with the use of nutrient mediums: Muller Hinton, meat-pepton nutrient (MPN. As the reference cultures were used E. coli ATCC 25922, S. aureus ATCC 25923, S. aureus ATSS 29213, S. aureus ATSS-6538, C albicans ATCC 885-653. Determination of the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC was carried out by a modified serial diluted method in liquid nutrient broth followed plating on solid Muller Hinton nutrient medium. In addition, the

BOTULISM E IN LAKE ERIE: ECOLOGY AND LOWER FOOD WEB TRANSFER

Science.gov (United States)

This project will determine the environmental conditions that favor botulism Type E bacteria in Lake Erie and explore whether quagga mussels are altering bottom sediment conditions to favor C. botulinum growth. Analysis of environmental parameters, including water chemistry, alg...

78 FR 23226 - 36(b)(1) Arms Sales Notification

Science.gov (United States)

2013-04-18

... areas, including supply chain management, repair, support equipment, engine support, and training. The... Logistics Global Support System (ALGS); Autonomic Logistics Information System (ALIS); Full Mission Trainer... Intelligence/Communication, Navigational and Identification (C4I/CNI); Autonomic Logistics Global Support...

Lugemine ja kirjutamine põhikoolis / Mare Müürsepp

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Müürsepp, Mare, 1958-

2006-01-01

Tutvustatakse Anne Uuseni doktoritööd "Põhikooli I ja II astme õpilaste kirjutamisoskus" ning konverentse "Humanistlik algõpetus. Lugemine. Kirjutamine. Mõtlemine" (Tallinn, 8.-9. juuni 2006) ja "Säästev areng, kultuur ja haridus" (Helsingi, 31. mai-3. juuni 2006)

PTAM: UNE COLLABORATION INTERCULTURELLE À L’ÈRE DE LA MONDIALISATION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Larisa CEBUC

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Une collaboration universitaire internationale est décrite et discutée dans cette communication, par deux enseignantes, algérienne et moldave, ayant dirigé conjointement un projet de traduction, unique en son genre. Il s’agit du PTAM (Projet de Traduction Algérie – Moldova réalisé de février à mai 2017, par des étudiants algériens et moldaves par voie électronique. Grâce à ce moyen de communication à distance, ces étudiants se sont échangés des contes originaux rédigés en français afin de les traduire vers les langues officielles de leurs pays respectifs. A l’issue de ce projet, les contes et les traductions ont été évalués par un comité de lecture, algérien et moldave, et des prix de différentes catégories ont été décernés pour les meilleurs travaux.PTAM: O COLABORARE INTERCULTURALĂ ÎN ERA MONDIALIZĂRIIO colaborare universitară internaţională este descrisă şi discutată în această comunicare de către două cadre didacti­ce din Algeria şi Moldova care au condus un proiect de traducere unic de felul său – PTAM (Proiect de Traducere Alge­ria – Moldova. Acest proiect a fost realizat, din februarie până în mai 2017, de către studenţii algerieni şi moldoveni prin intermediul mesageriei electronice. Graţie acestui mijloc de comunicare la distanţă, aceşti studenţi au făcut schimb de poveşti originale scrise în franceză pentru a fi traduse în limbile oficiale ale ţărilor respective. La finele acestui proiect, poveştile şi traducerile au fost evaluate de un comitet de lectură algerian şi moldav, iar cele mai reuşite lucrări au fost decernate premii de diferite categorii.PTAM: INTERCULTURAL COLLABORATION IN GLOBALIZATION ERAAn international and academic collaboration is described and discussed in this paper, by two teachers fromAlgeriaandMoldova, who jointly managed a unique translation project. This project “MATP (Algeria- Moldova Translation Project” was carried out

Evaluation of an automated single-channel sleep staging algorithm

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wang Y

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Ying Wang,1 Kenneth A Loparo,1,2 Monica R Kelly,3 Richard F Kaplan1 1General Sleep Corporation, Euclid, OH, 2Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 3Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA Background: We previously published the performance evaluation of an automated electroencephalography (EEG-based single-channel sleep–wake detection algorithm called Z-ALG used by the Zmachine® sleep monitoring system. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the performance of a new algorithm called Z-PLUS, which further differentiates sleep as detected by Z-ALG into Light Sleep, Deep Sleep, and Rapid Eye Movement (REM Sleep, against laboratory polysomnography (PSG using a consensus of expert visual scorers. Methods: Single night, in-lab PSG recordings from 99 subjects (52F/47M, 18–60 years, median age 32.7 years, including both normal sleepers and those reporting a variety of sleep complaints consistent with chronic insomnia, sleep apnea, and restless leg syndrome, as well as those taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor/serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor antidepressant medications, previously evaluated using Z-ALG were re-examined using Z-PLUS. EEG data collected from electrodes placed at the differential-mastoids (A1–A2 were processed by Z-ALG to determine wake and sleep, then those epochs detected as sleep were further processed by Z-PLUS to differentiate into Light Sleep, Deep Sleep, and REM. EEG data were visually scored by multiple certified polysomnographic technologists according to the Rechtschaffen and Kales criterion, and then combined using a majority-voting rule to create a PSG Consensus score file for each of the 99 subjects. Z-PLUS output was compared to the PSG Consensus score files for both epoch-by-epoch (eg, sensitivity, specificity, and kappa and sleep stage-related statistics (eg, Latency to Deep Sleep, Latency to REM

CARACTERIZAÇÕES DO PENSAMENTO ALGÉBRICO EM TAREFAS REALIZADAS POR ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL I. CHARACTERIZATIONS OF ALGEBRAIC THINKING IN TASKS PERFORMED BY STUDENTS OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silva, Daniele Peres da

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Tomando a Early Algebra como área de pesquisa que visa uma abordagem para o ensino e aprendizagem da álgebra inicial, este artigo apresenta uma análise das atitudes, indagações e produções escritas, enfim, o comportamento de crianças em resolução de tarefas. O objetivo foi identificar e analisar características do pensamento algébrico em tarefas aplicadas a estudantes do Ensino Fundamental I. Mais especificamente, buscamos compreender como trinta e cinco estudantes do 5º Ano do Ensino Fundamental I de uma escola pública do município de Apucarana-PR lidam com tarefas que promovem o desenvolvimento do pensamento algébrico. Para organização e interpretação dos dados, empregamos procedimentos à luz da Análise de Conteúdo, sendo esta uma modalidade de pesquisa qualitativa. Por meio das respostas apresentadas e das indagações e afirmações dos estudantes durante a resolução das tarefas, o estudo mostrou que embora as resoluções nem sempre estivessem corretas, estas evidenciam indícios de pensamento algébrico, uma vez que os participantes desse estudo perceberam e tentaram expressar as estruturas aritméticas das situações-problema, assim como, descreveram seus processos de pensamento. Portanto, esses estudantes do Ensino Fundamental I têm condições de lidar e de desenvolver aspectos relacionados ao pensamento algébrico, mesmo não apresentando uma linguagem simbólica algébrica. Taking Early Algebra as a research area that seeks an approach to the teaching and learning of early algebra, this paper presents an analysis of attitudes, questions and written productions that provide clues about the behavior of children in solving tasks. The objective was to identify and analyze characteristics of algebraic thinking in tasks applied to elementary school students. More specifically, we aimed to understand how thirty-five students from the 5th year of elementary school in a public school in the city of Apucarana-PR deal

Removal of Radioactive Nuclides by Multi-Functional Microcapsules Enclosing Inorganic Ion-Exchangers and Organic Extractants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mimura, H.; Akiba, K.; Onodera, Y.

2002-02-26

The microcapsules enclosing two kinds of functional materials, inorganic ion-exchangers and organic extractants, were prepared by taking advantage of the high immobilization ability of alginate gel polymer. The fine powders of inorganic ion-exchanger and oil drops of extractant were kneaded with sodium alginate (NaALG) solution and the kneaded sol readily gelled in a salt solution of CaCl2, BaCl2 or HCl to form spherical gel particles. The uptake properties of various nuclides, 137Cs, 85Sr, 60Co, 88Y, 152Eu and 241Am, for thirty-four specimens of microcapsules in the presence of 10-1-10-4 M HNO3 were evaluated by the batch method. The distribution coefficient (Kd) of Cs+ above 103 cm3/g was obtained for the microcapsules enclosing CuFC or AMP. The Kd of Sr2+ around 102 cm3/g was obtained for the microcapsules containing clinoptilolite, antimonic acid, zeolite A, zeolite X or titanic acid. The microcapsules enclosing DEHPA exhibited relatively large Kd values of trivalent metal ions above 103 cm3/g; for example, the Kd values of Cs+, Sr2+, Co2+, Y3+, Eu3+ and Am3+ for a favorable microcapsule (CuFC/clinoptilolite/DEHPA/CaALG) were 1.1x104, 7.5x10, 1.1x10, 1.0x104, 1.4x104, 3.4x103 cm3/g, respectively. The uptake rates of Cs+, Y3+, Eu3+ and Am3+ for this microcapsule were rather fast; the uptake percentage above 90% was obtained after 19 h-shaking and the uptake equilibrium was attained within 1 d. The AMP/CaALG exhibited high uptake ability for Cs+ even after irradiation of 188 kGy, and DEHPA/CaALG microcapsule had similar Kd values of Cs+, Sr2+, Co2+, Y3+, Eu3+ and Am3+ ions before and after irradiation. The microcapsules with various shapes such as spherical, columnar, fibrous and filmy forms were easily prepared by changing the way of dipping kneaded sol into gelling salt solution. The microcapsules enclosing inorganic ion-exchangers and extractants have a potential possibility for the simultaneous removal of various radioactive nuclides from waste solutions.

Photodynamic synchrotron x-ray therapy in Glioma cell using superparamagnetic iron nanoparticle

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Hong-Tae; Kim, Ki-Hong; Choi, Gi-Hwan; Jheon, Sanghoon; Park, Sung-Hwan; Kim, Bong-Il; Hyodo, Kazuyuki; Ando, Masami; Kim, Jong-Ki

2009-06-01

In order to evaluate cytotoxic effects of secondary Auger electron emission(Photon Activation Therapy:PAT) from alginate-coated iron nanoparticles(Alg-SNP), Alg-SNP-uptaken C6 glioma cell lines were irradiated with 6.89/7.2 Kev synchrotron X-ray. 0-125 Gy were irradiated on three experimental groups including No-SNP group incubating without SNP as control group, 6hr-SNP group incubating with SNP for 6hr and ON-SNP group incubating with SNP overnight. Irradiated cells were stained with Acridine Orange(AO) and Edithium Bromide(EB) to count their viability with fluorescent microscopy in comparison with control groups. AO stained in damaged DNA, giving FL color change in X-ray plus SNP group. EB did not or less enter inside the cell nucleus of control group. In contrast, EB entered inside the cell nucleus of Alg-SNP group which means more damage compared with Control groups. The results of MTT assay demonstrated a X-ray dose-dependent reduction generally in cell viability in the experimental groups. 3 or 9 times increase in cell survival loss rate was observed at 6hr-SNP and ON-SNP groups, respectively compared to No-SNP control group in first experiment that was done to test cell survival rate at relatively lower dose, from 0 to 50 Gy. In second experiment X-ray dose was increased to 125 Gy. Survival loss was sharply decreased in a relatively lower dose from 5 to 25 Gy, and then demonstrated an exponentially decreasing behavior with a convergence until 125 Gy for each group. This observation suggests PAT effects on the cell directly by X-ray in the presence of Alg-SNP occurs within lower X-ray dose, and conventional X-ray radiation effect becomes dominant in higher X-ray dose. The cell viability loss of ON-SNP group was three times higher compared with that of 6hr-SNP group. In conclusion, it is possible to design photodynamic X-ray therapy study using a monochromatic x-ray energy and metal nanoparticle as x-ray sensitizer, which may enable new X-ray PDT to

29 le processus entrepreneurial en algerie une adaptation

African Journals Online (AJOL)

PME, mais qui sont loin de refléter les grandes ambitions politiques puisque le secteur ... moins en partie être imputable à son noyau stratégique, l'entrepreneur. .... Algérienne, qui montre que le recrutement se fait exclusivement à travers des.

Research Article

African Journals Online (AJOL)

1 janv. 2017 ... Département des sciences de l'eau, Université de Blida, 09000 Blida, Algérie. Received: 17 .... la superficie agricole de la plaine d'Ouakda était de 281 Ha [7]. Aujourd'hui cette ..... des engrais biologiques ou chimiques.

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

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La Caisse Nationale de Retraite (CNR) : elle gère les pensions et allocations de ...... politique de population en Algérie», Revue Sciences Humaines, n°12, p. ... Source : U.S. Census Bureau, International Data Base (http://www.coopami.org).

Harmful algal bloom smart device application: using image analysis and machine learning techniques for classification of harmful algal blooms

Science.gov (United States)

Northern Kentucky University and the U.S. EPA Office of Research Development in Cincinnati Agency are collaborating to develop a harmful algal bloom detection algorithm that estimates the presence of cyanobacteria in freshwater systems by image analysis. Green and blue-green alg...

InterProScan Result: FS917145 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available FS917145 FS917145_2_ORF2 DB1A671B79D1A25B PFAM PF05208 ALG3 NA ? IPR007873 unintegrated Cellular... Component: endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)|Cellular Component: integral to membrane (GO:0016021) ...

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L'émergence de l'agriculture sous contrat en Algérie. Au cours des dernières décennies, différents types d'ententes contractuelles entre les agriculteurs et les fabricants de produits alimentaires ont gagné en popularité.

PROFIBUS-DP AĞ TABANLI BİNA OTOMASYONU TASARIMI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cemal YILMAZ

2006-02-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, Profibus-DP ağı kullanılarak bir Bina Otomasyonu tasarlanmıştır. Tasarımda; yangın algılama, hırsız algılama, aydınlatma, güç, nem ve sıcaklık denetimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Binada veriler katlarda bulunan denetim noktalarında toplanarak arabirimler vasıtasıyla Profibus-DP ağına aktarılmaktadır. Binadan alınan veriler ana denetim biriminde toplanarak binanın tamamı denetim altına alınmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda enerji tasarrufu, güç denetimi, güvenlik, ısı ve nem denetiminde optimum verim sağlanmıştır.

DİJİTAL KÜLTÜR, DİJİTAL YERLİLER ve GÜNÜMÜZDEKİ YENİ FİLM SEYİR DENEYİMLERİ

OpenAIRE

MEDİN, Burak

2018-01-01

Geçmişten günümüze film seyretme deneyimleri ve seyirkültürü, değişim ve dönüşüm içindedir. İzleyicilerin iletişimsel ve kültürelbelleği, algısı, düşünüş biçimi ve edimleri, içinde bulunduğu toplumunkültürel, toplumsal, ekonomik ve politik koşulları ekseninde şekillenmektedir.İletişim mekânlarının kendine özgü dili de seyir pratiği üzerinde son dereceetkili olan diğer bir eyleyendir. Belleği, algıyı ve film seyretme ediminibiçimlendiren unsurların başında ise izleyicinin özelliklerini taşıdığ...

Congenital disorders of glycosylation: The Saudi experience.

Science.gov (United States)

Alsubhi, Sarah; Alhashem, Amal; Faqeih, Eissa; Alfadhel, Majid; Alfaifi, Abdullah; Altuwaijri, Waleed; Alsahli, Saud; Aldhalaan, Hesham; Alkuraya, Fowzan S; Hundallah, Khalid; Mahmoud, Adel; Alasmari, Ali; Mutairi, Fuad Al; Abduraouf, Hanem; AlRasheed, Layan; Alshahwan, Saad; Tabarki, Brahim

2017-10-01

We retrospectively reviewed Saudi patients who had a congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG). Twenty-seven Saudi patients (14 males, 13 females) from 13 unrelated families were identified. Based on molecular studies, the 27 CDG patients were classified into different subtypes: ALG9-CDG (8 patients, 29.5%), ALG3-CDG (7 patients, 26%), COG6-CDG (7 patients, 26%), MGAT2-CDG (3 patients, 11%), SLC35A2-CDG (1 patient), and PMM2-CDG (1 patient). All the patients had homozygous gene mutations. The combined carrier frequency of CDG for the encountered founder mutations in the Saudi population is 11.5 per 10,000, which translates to a minimum disease burden of 14 patients per 1,000,000. Our study provides comprehensive epidemiologic information and prevalence figures for each of these CDG in a large cohort of congenital disorder of glycosylation patients. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Filiform Lie algebras of order 3

Science.gov (United States)

Navarro, R. M.

2014-04-01

The aim of this work is to generalize a very important type of Lie algebras and superalgebras, i.e., filiform Lie (super)algebras, into the theory of Lie algebras of order F. Thus, the concept of filiform Lie algebras of order F is obtained. In particular, for F = 3 it has been proved that by using infinitesimal deformations of the associated model elementary Lie algebra it can be obtained families of filiform elementary lie algebras of order 3, analogously as that occurs into the theory of Lie algebras [M. Vergne, "Cohomologie des algèbres de Lie nilpotentes. Application à l'étude de la variété des algèbres de Lie nilpotentes," Bull. Soc. Math. France 98, 81-116 (1970)]. Also we give the dimension, using an adaptation of the {sl}(2,{C})-module Method, and a basis of such infinitesimal deformations in some generic cases.

Synthesis and characterization of chitosan impregnated calcium alginate beads for removal of uranium from aquatic stream

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Singhal, R.K.; Basu, H.; Manisha, V.; Reddy, A.V.R.; Sawant, Manjiri; Kamane, Suman

2015-01-01

The present study was conducted to study the feasibility of chitosan impregnated calcium alginate beads (Cal-Alg-Chi) to sorb the excess uranium from the aquatic stream. Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide composed of randomly distributed β-(1-4)-linked D glucosamine (deacetylated unit) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (acetylated unit). The optimal composition of calcium alginate chitosan beads is 4 % (wt/vol) alginate gel having 5% loading of chitosan. The nature and morphology of pure and uranium sorbed calcium alginate chitosan beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATRFTIR). The results of batch sorption experiments suggest that Cal-Alg-Chi beads are very effective for removal of uranium in the pH range of 2.0-5.0 and sorption is more than 80 % in the concentration range of 1-100 mgL -1

Large rectification magnetoresistance in nonmagnetic Al/Ge/Al heterojunctions.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Kun; Li, Huan-Huan; Grünberg, Peter; Li, Qiang; Ye, Sheng-Tao; Tian, Yu-Feng; Yan, Shi-Shen; Lin, Zhao-Jun; Kang, Shi-Shou; Chen, Yan-Xue; Liu, Guo-Lei; Mei, Liang-Mo

2015-09-21

Magnetoresistance and rectification are two fundamental physical properties of heterojunctions and respectively have wide applications in spintronics devices. Being different from the well known various magnetoresistance effects, here we report a brand new large magnetoresistance that can be regarded as rectification magnetoresistance: the application of a pure small sinusoidal alternating-current to the nonmagnetic Al/Ge Schottky heterojunctions can generate a significant direct-current voltage, and this rectification voltage strongly varies with the external magnetic field. We find that the rectification magnetoresistance in Al/Ge Schottky heterojunctions is as large as 250% at room temperature, which is greatly enhanced as compared with the conventional magnetoresistance of 70%. The findings of rectification magnetoresistance open the way to the new nonmagnetic Ge-based spintronics devices of large rectification magnetoresistance at ambient temperature under the alternating-current due to the simultaneous implementation of the rectification and magnetoresistance in the same devices.

In vivo evaluation of anionic thiolated polymers as oral delivery systems for efflux pump inhibition.

Science.gov (United States)

Palmberger, Thomas F; Laffleur, Flavia; Greindl, Melanie; Bernkop-Schnürch, Andreas

2015-08-01

Recently, the cationic polymer thiolated chitosan has been reported to modulate drug absorption by inhibition of intestinal efflux pumps. The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro and in vivo whether thiolated anionic biopolymers also show an efflux pump inhibitory effect in order to improve intestinal transcellular drug uptake. Therefore, three thiomers have been synthesized due covalent attachment of cysteine to various polymer backbones: pectin-cysteine (pect-cys), carboxymethylcellulose-cysteine (CMC-cys) and alginate-cysteine (alg-cys). In vitro, the permeation enhancing properties of these thiomers and their corresponding unmodified polymers have been evaluated on rat small intestine in Ussing-type chambers, using sulforhodamine 101 (SR-101) as MRP2 model substrate. In comparison to buffer only, SR-101 transport in presence of pect-cys, CMC-cys and alg-cys was improved 1.5-fold, 1.8-fold and 3.0-fold, respectively. Due to the comparatively best in vitro performance of thiolated alginate, it has been chosen for in vivo studies: a SR-101 solution containing 4% (w/v) alg-cys led to an AUC0 ≥ 12 of SR-101 of 109 ng ml(-1)h in rats representing a 3.8-fold improvement in comparison to a SR-101 buffer solution. Unmodified alginate improved the AUC0 ≥ 12 of SR-101 by a factor of 1.9. These findings suggest thiolated alginate as promising auxiliary agent for drugs being anionic efflux pump substrates, since the oral bioavailability of a MRP2 substrate could be significantly improved. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Algorithmic, LOCS and HOCS (chemistry) exam questions: performance and attitudes of college students

Science.gov (United States)

Zoller, Uri

2002-02-01

The performance of freshmen biology and physics-mathematics majors and chemistry majors as well as pre- and in-service chemistry teachers in two Israeli universities on algorithmic (ALG), lower-order cognitive skills (LOCS), and higher-order cognitive skills (HOCS) chemistry exam questions were studied. The driving force for the study was an interest in moving science and chemistry instruction from an algorithmic and factual recall orientation dominated by LOCS, to a decision-making, problem-solving and critical system thinking approach, dominated by HOCS. College students' responses to the specially designed ALG, LOCS and HOCS chemistry exam questions were scored and analysed for differences and correlation between the performance means within and across universities by the questions' category. This was followed by a combined student interview - 'speaking aloud' problem solving session for assessing the thinking processes involved in solving these types of questions and the students' attitudes towards them. The main findings were: (1) students in both universities performed consistently in each of the three categories in the order of ALG > LOCS > HOCS; their 'ideological' preference, was HOCS > algorithmic/LOCS, - referred to as 'computational questions', but their pragmatic preference was the reverse; (2) success on algorithmic/LOCS does not imply success on HOCS questions; algorithmic questions constitute a category on its own as far as students success in solving them is concerned. Our study and its results support the effort being made, worldwide, to integrate HOCS-fostering teaching and assessment strategies and, to develop HOCS-oriented science-technology-environment-society (STES)-type curricula within science and chemistry education.

Radiological (MRI and Biochemical effects of Low Level LASER therapy in chronic Osteo arthritis in Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia: A Randomized Control Trial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gopal Nambi S

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Osteoarthritis is one of the degenerative diseases and Low level laser therapy (LLLT has been prescribed as nonoperative treatment in physiotherapy. But the available evidences of finding the radiological and biochemical effectiveness of LLLT are very few. So, the purpose of this study is to find the radiological and biochemical effect of Low level laser therapy (LLLT in the treatment of Osteoarthritis. 34 subjects who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into two groups (Active Laser group – ALG & Placebo Laser group - PLG with randomized sampling method. ALG was treated with active laser head, whereas PLG treated same like ALG but without emission of energy. Both groups were applied with kinesio tape for 4 weeks. The frequency of the treatment was three times per week for 4 weeks in both groups. Subjects were assessed at baseline, 4th and 8th week. Contact area (mm2 – medial & lateral and cartilage thickness (percentage - medial & lateral was measured by Magnetic resonance image (MRI and CTX-II (μmg/mmol was measured by urine analysis. A statistically significant (p ≤0.05 difference between both groups were noted at the period of 8 week for contact area (lateral and CTX-II and insignificant (p ≥ 0.05 difference in contact area (medial and cartilage thickness (medial & lateral were noted. In conclusion, the low level laser therapy is helpful in modifying the biochemical components and leads to make changes in the cartilage which subsequently improve the quality of life of OA patients.

In vivo precision of conventional and digital methods of obtaining complete-arch dental impressions.

Science.gov (United States)

Ender, Andreas; Attin, Thomas; Mehl, Albert

2016-03-01

Digital impression systems have undergone significant development in recent years, but few studies have investigated the accuracy of the technique in vivo, particularly compared with conventional impression techniques. The purpose of this in vivo study was to investigate the precision of conventional and digital methods for complete-arch impressions. Complete-arch impressions were obtained using 5 conventional (polyether, POE; vinylsiloxanether, VSE; direct scannable vinylsiloxanether, VSES; digitized scannable vinylsiloxanether, VSES-D; and irreversible hydrocolloid, ALG) and 7 digital (CEREC Bluecam, CER; CEREC Omnicam, OC; Cadent iTero, ITE; Lava COS, LAV; Lava True Definition Scanner, T-Def; 3Shape Trios, TRI; and 3Shape Trios Color, TRC) techniques. Impressions were made 3 times each in 5 participants (N=15). The impressions were then compared within and between the test groups. The cast surfaces were measured point-to-point using the signed nearest neighbor method. Precision was calculated from the (90%-10%)/2 percentile value. The precision ranged from 12.3 μm (VSE) to 167.2 μm (ALG), with the highest precision in the VSE and VSES groups. The deviation pattern varied distinctly according to the impression method. Conventional impressions showed the highest accuracy across the complete dental arch in all groups, except for the ALG group. Conventional and digital impression methods differ significantly in the complete-arch accuracy. Digital impression systems had higher local deviations within the complete arch cast; however, they achieve equal and higher precision than some conventional impression materials. Copyright © 2016 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Hybridization of the probability perturbation method with gradient information

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Johansen, Kent; Caers, J.; Suzuki, S.

2007-01-01

Geostatistically based history-matching methods make it possible to devise history-matching strategies that will honor geologic knowledge about the reservoir. However, the performance of these methods is known to be impeded by slow convergence rates resulting from the stochastic nature of the alg...

6- LATRECHE

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Administrateur

dynamique de l'économie souterraine en Algérie en étudiant les ... Faculté des sciences économiques et de gestion Université du 8 Mai 1945 24000 ..... avec le public, tout service, tout contrôle, tout acte administratif, toute sanction sont.

Herramienta web para el aprendizaje autónomo o guiado de instrumentos musicales

OpenAIRE

Moreno Rodríguez, Beatriz

2015-01-01

El proyecto desarrollado en este trabajo fin de máster consiste en un sitio web pensado para aquellas personas que desean aprender a tocar algún instrumento musical a través de internet, tanto si se prefiere un aprendizaje dirigido como libre.

Africa Development: Editorial Policies

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Marnia Lazreg, City University of New York, USA. Takyiwaa Manuh, IAS, University of Ghana. Jomo Kwame Sunderan, Assistant Secretary General, UNO, NY. Nouria Ramaoun, CRASC, Oran, Algérie. Lloyd Sachikonye, Institute of Development Studies, Zimbabwe. Fatou Sow, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.

Biopolymer films to control fusarium dry rot and their application to preserve potato tubers

Science.gov (United States)

Films were cast using sodium alginate (NaAlg), high molecular weight (HMW) chitosan, and low molecular weight (LMW) chitosan as film forming biopolymers. Fludioxonil (Fl) at 1% concentration was used as fungicide. Thermal stability, mechanical, and water sorption properties of the films were examine...

Methodologic issues in the measurement of urinary renin

NARCIS (Netherlands)

L.C.W. Roksnoer (Lodi); K. Verdonk (Koen); I.M. Garrelds (Ingrid); J.M. van Gool (Jeanette); R. Zietse (Bob); E.J. Hoorn (Ewout); A.H.J. Danser (Jan)

2014-01-01

textabstractBackground and objectives Alge et al. recently reported that urinary renin may be a prognostic biomarker for AKI after cardiac surgery. However, their urinary renin levels far exceeded published plasma renin levels, whereas normally, urinary renin is,10%of plasma renin. This result

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International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'émergence de l'agriculture sous contrat en Algérie. Au cours des dernières décennies, différents types d'ententes contractuelles entre les agriculteurs et les fabricants de produits alimentaires ont gagné en popularité. Projet.

Résultats de recherche | Page 88 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'émergence de l'agriculture sous contrat en Algérie. Au cours des dernières décennies, différents types d'ententes contractuelles entre les agriculteurs et les fabricants de produits alimentaires ont gagné en popularité. Projet.

Kozmogoni Anlatılarında Dikotomik Algının Nedenselliği The Causality Of Dichotomic Perception In Cosmogony Narratives

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adem BALKAYA

2012-12-01

Full Text Available One of the primary concerns that every human emphasizes is that why and how the cosmos has come into existence. Another discussion is that whether the creatures we perceived both sensual and cognitively are really exist or a counterpart of originals. From troglodyte to modern the efforts of every human intended for understanding and interpretation of the events underway around have led to different expressions and convictions. Leaving aside the philosophicaldiscussions about what, why, and how the creatures have come intoexistence, sociologists explains the fact called religion as a dependablebase found by archaic man for this problematic. On the other handcertain creation explainings considered nearly a religion have come upthough they are in the field of ethnology. Cosmogonies are theexperiences of people trying to explain this first fact. Common traits areseen when these narratives are examined carefully. Being presentedwith dichotomic foundation is another common trait of the narrativessince using contrast between two facts in narration gains certaininterestingness. In fact, when it is examined carefully, it is understoodthat such foundation has been made from necessity. To explain acreature, imposing a certain restriction or completing it from differentviewpoints, another thing is referred. In this way the principal missionsof cosmogonies which are explaining and finding logical reasons ofworld, creature and nature are come true. In this study some of thefoundations in cosmogony narrations will be analyzed to serve as amodel – analyzing all cosmogonies will go beyond the scope of the study– and the reason of using dichotomic foundation in narratives will bediscussed. Her insanın üzerinde durduğu en temel sorunlardan biri kozmosun neden ve nasıl var olduğudur. Tartışmalardan bir başkası hem duyusal hem bilişsel anlamda algıladığımız varlıkların hakikaten var veya asıl olanın bir sureti olup olmadığıdır. �

113 Étude de la qualité des eaux épurées par le lagunage naturel ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

sam

Mots-clés : lagunage naturel, performances, eaux usées, Algérie. Abstract ... domaine de l'irrigation agricole. Le ratio entre les ... traitement biologique : Cette filière est composée de six bassins, qui sont réparties suivant trois étages : • .

Ciprofloxacin-loaded sodium alginate/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) electrospun fibrous mats for wound healing

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Liu, Xiaoli; Nielsen, Line Hagner; Klodzinska, Sylvia Natalie

2017-01-01

by the Young's Modulus. Moreover, the burst release of CIP resulted from the addition of ALG seemed to provide an improved antibacterial effect to the PLGA mats. This study demonstrated the potential of combining hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers to design the desired wound dressings via the electrospinning...

Using the ALEGRA Code for Analysis of Quasi-Static Magnetization of Metals

Science.gov (United States)

2015-09-01

era was the most widespread in the electromagnetic literature. Further details on tensorial alge- bra and calculus can be found in a plethora of...conjugate gradient solver type was specified, with an iteration stopping tolerance of 10−16. 6.4 Initial and Boundary Conditions The ALEGRA

Untitled

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

method. An algórithm that incorporates parameter estimation for the clique model is clearly preferable. Various methods have been proposed for this purpose, ... Thus, the time-consuming process of annealing can be avoided for applications where the initial estimate itself provides sufficientinformation for decision making,.

Afrique

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AKA BOKO

aquifère Morsott-Laouinet (Région Nord de Tébessa, Sud-Est algérien). Fehdi Chemseddine¹*, Boudoukha ..... gypsifère et/ou à une contamination d'origine agricole. Dans cette région .... Ecnologia de la intrusion de agua de mar en acuiferos ...

STUDIES OF CHANGES OF SOME BLOOD PARAMETERS AMONG ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

31 déc. 2009 ... 2Departement d'hydrogéologie, Université de Tébessa, Algérie. ... directe à tout type de dégagements des cimenteries ce qui influe sur les différentes ..... ventriculaire. inflammation et coagulation l'étude d'Erfurt (Allemagne).

Alginate-hydroxypropylcellulose hydrogel microbeads for alkaline phosphatase encapsulation.

Science.gov (United States)

Karewicz, A; Zasada, K; Bielska, D; Douglas, T E L; Jansen, J A; Leeuwenburgh, S C G; Nowakowska, M

2014-01-01

There is a growing interest in using proteins as therapeutics agents. Unfortunately, they suffer from limited stability and bioavailability. We aimed to develop a new delivery system for proteins. ALP, a model protein, was successfully encapsulated in the physically cross-linked sodium alginate/hydroxypropylcellulose (ALG-HPC) hydrogel microparticles. The obtained objects had regular, spherical shape and a diameter of ∼4 µm, as confirmed by optical microscopy and SEM analysis. The properties of the obtained microbeads could be controlled by temperature and additional coating or crosslinking procedures. The slow, sustained release of ALP in its active form with no initial burst effect was observed for chitosan-coated microspheres at pH = 7.4 and 37 °C. Activity of ALP released from ALG/HPC microspheres was confirmed by the occurance of effectively induced mineralization. SEM and AFM images revealed formation of the interpenetrated three-dimensional network of mineral, originating from the microbeads' surfaces. FTIR and XRD analyses confirmed formation of hydroxyapatite.

Filiform Lie algebras of order 3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Navarro, R. M.

2014-01-01

The aim of this work is to generalize a very important type of Lie algebras and superalgebras, i.e., filiform Lie (super)algebras, into the theory of Lie algebras of order F. Thus, the concept of filiform Lie algebras of order F is obtained. In particular, for F = 3 it has been proved that by using infinitesimal deformations of the associated model elementary Lie algebra it can be obtained families of filiform elementary lie algebras of order 3, analogously as that occurs into the theory of Lie algebras [M. Vergne, “Cohomologie des algèbres de Lie nilpotentes. Application à l’étude de la variété des algèbres de Lie nilpotentes,” Bull. Soc. Math. France 98, 81–116 (1970)]. Also we give the dimension, using an adaptation of the sl(2,C)-module Method, and a basis of such infinitesimal deformations in some generic cases

Apoyos en los hogares con al menos un adulto mayor en el Estado de México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lilian CERVANTES

2013-01-01

sus corresidentes y los que proporcionan algún tipo de ayuda a estos últimos. La fuente de información que se utiliza es la Encuesta sobre Envejecimiento Demográfico en el Estado de México (esedem 2008, realizada por el Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados de la Población de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (cieap-uaem. Los resultados muestran que los adultos mayores viven principalmente en hogares nucleares y desempeñan papeles en los cuales no solamente tienen que hacerse responsables de sí mismos, sino de otras personas. En la entidad, 42.2 por ciento de las personas mayores recibe algún tipo de ayuda informal y 16.3 por ciento la otorga; los intercambios de apoyos se efectúan con los hijos, la nuera y el yerno, los cónyuges, los nietos y los padres de los adultos mayores.

Development of a Spirulina Extract/Alginate-Imbedded PCL Nanofibrous Cosmetic Patch.

Science.gov (United States)

Byeon, Seon Yeong; Cho, Myung Kwon; Shim, Kyou Hee; Kim, Hye Jin; Song, Hyeon Gi; Shin, Hwa Sung

2017-09-28

Cosmetic patches have recently been developed as skin products for personal care owing to rapid advances in the technology of delivery of active ingredients, moisture, and adhesiveness to skin. Alginate and Spirulina are typical marine resources used in cosmetic products. This research involved the development of a Spirulina extract-impregnated alginate nanofiber cosmetic patch supported by a polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber cover ( Spi /Alg-PCL NF patch). In addition to the ability of alginate to affect moisture and adhesiveness to skin, the impregnation of Spirulina extract strengthened those abilities as well as its own bioactive effectiveness. All fabrication processing steps were undertaken in aqueous solution. The three components (alginate, Spirulina extract, and PCL) had no detected cytotoxicity in human keratinocyte cell-based examination. In addition, wetting the pre-dried patch on the skin resulted in the Spirulina extract being released within 30 min. The results indicate the excellence of the Spi /Alg-PCL NF patch as a skin-care cosmetic device.

Tailored freestanding multilayered membranes based on chitosan and alginate.

Science.gov (United States)

Silva, Joana M; Duarte, Ana Rita C; Caridade, Sofia G; Picart, Catherine; Reis, Rui L; Mano, João F

2014-10-13

Engineering metabolically demanding tissues requires the supply of nutrients, oxygen, and removal of metabolic byproducts, as well as adequate mechanical properties. In this work, we propose the development of chitosan (CHIT)/alginate (ALG) freestanding membranes fabricated by layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly. CHIT/ALG membranes were cross-linked with genipin at a concentration of 1 mg·mL(-1) or 5 mg·mL(-1). Mass transport properties of glucose and oxygen were evaluated on the freestanding membranes. The diffusion of glucose and oxygen decreases with increasing cross-linking concentration. Mechanical properties were also evaluated in physiological-simulated conditions. Increasing cross-linking density leads to an increase of storage modulus, Young modulus, and ultimate tensile strength, but to a decrease in the maximum hydrostatic pressure. The in vitro biological performance demonstrates that cross-linked films are more favorable for cell adhesion. This work demonstrates the versatility and feasibility of LbL assembly to generate nanostructured constructs with tunable permeability, mechanical, and biological properties.

Étude diachronique des changements du couvert végétal dans un écosystème montagneux par télédétection spatiale : cas des monts du Tessala (Algérie occidentale

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Salah Eddine Bachir Bouiadjra

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Une meilleure compréhension de l'évolution des modes d'utilisation des sols et du couvert végétal est une préoccupation majeure pour les pays dont les écosystèmes subissent des dégradations sévères. En effet, les dynamiques d'occupation des sols ont des implications directes sur la disponibilité des ressources naturelles. Notre étude menée sur les monts du Tessala en Algérie occidentale, en utilisant l'indice de végétation par différence normalisée (NDVI, met en évidence l'ampleur des changements du couvert végétal entre 1987 à 2007. Une évolution régressive prononcée du couvert végétal est constatée au sud-est et au nord-ouest des monts du Tessala, tout particulièrement dans la "forêt de Tessala", sur les communes d'Aïn-Thrid, Tessala et Sehala. Les principaux facteurs contribuant à la régression du couvert végétal sont : la déforestation (plus de 26 délits de coupe par an, le surpâturage (420 délits de pâturage illicite par an, les incendies de forêts (plus de 20 incendies par an et l'érosion hydrique qui en résulte (environ 72 % des superficies sont concernées.A better understanding of the changing patterns of land use and land cover, is a major concern for countries where ecosystems are being severely degraded. Indeed, the dynamic feature of land use has important implications on natural resources. Our study conducted on the Tessala mountains, by using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI, put in evidence the importance of changes in vegetation cover between 1987 and 2007. A pronounced regressive evolution is observed in south-east and north-west of the Tessala mountains, especially in the "forest of Tessala", in the communes of Aïn-Thrid, Tessala and Sehala. The main factors of environmental degradation, are : deforestation (over 26 offenses cut every year, overgrazing (420 crimes of illegal grazing every year, forest fires (more than 20 fires every year and resultant erosion (more

Wahl's conjecture for a minuscule G/P

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

08. References. [1] Bourbaki N, Éléments de mathématique. Fasc. XXXIV. Groupes et alg`ebres de Lie. Chapitre IV: Groupes de Coxeter et syst`emes de Tits. Chapitre V: Groupes engendrés par des réflexions. Chapitre VI: syst`emes de racines, ...

Les Cahiers du CREAD

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Admin

politiques, au cœur de cette stratégie développementiste qui a enfanté. 3 La formation ... humaines dans l'une des entreprises nationales algériennes pendant les ...... les années comme critères de recrutement pour deux différents niveaux ...

Gum from the bark of Anogeissius leiocarpus as a potential ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Gum from the bark of Anogeissius leiocarpusas a potential pharmaceutical raw material – granule properties. Philip F Builders, Olubayo O Kunle, Yetunde C Isimi. Abstract. With the continuous effort to discover and produce cheap but high quality excipients for drug production Anogeissius leiocarpus gum (ALG), a brownish ...

Original Paper Typologie et rentabilité des systèmes de production ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

d'affaire du secteur primaire après les produits avicoles avec 9,7% .... Les autres dépenses (eau, soins ... (Enseignement général) sous des formes et à ...... bovins laitiers en zone montagneuse d'Algérie. Revue d'Elevage et de. Médecine.

Fundamentos filosóficos y empíricos de la investigación en ciencias de la educación

OpenAIRE

Uhl, Siegfried

2006-01-01

La palabra "ciencia" expresa el resultado de la actividad de la investigación en algún campo; las ciencias que investigan objetos o hechos que están en la realidad se llaman ciencias reales. La Ciencia de la Educación es una ciencia real. Po

Safety assessment of thiolated polymers: effect on ciliary beat frequency in human nasal epithelial cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Palmberger, Thomas F; Augustijns, Patrick; Vetter, Anja; Bernkop-Schnürch, Andreas

2011-12-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the nasal safety of gel formulations of thiolated polymers (thiomers) by assessing their effect on ciliary beat frequency (CBF) in human nasal epithelial cells. Poly(acrylic acid) 450 kDa-cysteine (PAA-cys) and alginate-cysteine (alg-cys) were synthesized by covalent attachment of L-cysteine to the polymeric backbone. The cationic polymer chitosan-thiobutylamidine (chito-TBA) was synthesized by attaching iminothiolane to chitosan. CBF using was measured by a photometric system. CBF was measured before incubating the cells with test gels, during incubation and after washing out the polymeric test gels to evaluate reversibility of cilio-inhibition. The influence of viscosity on CBF was determined by using hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC)-gels of various concentrations. Ciliary beating was observed to be affected by viscosity, but cilia were still beating in the presence of a HEC-gel displaying an apparent viscosity of 25 Pa.s. In case of thiolated polymers and their unmodified control, a concentration-dependent decrease in CBF could be observed. PAA-cys, alg-cys, chito-TBA and their corresponding unmodified controls exhibited a moderate cilio-inhibitory effect, followed by a partial recovery of CBF when used at a concentration of 1%. Alg-cys 2% and chito-TBA 2% (m/v) gels exhibited severe cilio-inhibition, which was partially reversible. L-cysteine and reduced glutathione led to mild cilio-inhibition at concentrations of 3% (m/v). Taking into account that dilution after application and cilio-modifying effects is usually more pronounced under in vitro conditions, thiomers can be considered as suitable excipients for nasal drug delivery systems.

In Vivo Assessment of Bone Regeneration in Alginate/Bone ECM Hydrogels with Incorporated Skeletal Stem Cells and Single Growth Factors

Science.gov (United States)

Gothard, David; Smith, Emma L.; Kanczler, Janos M.; Black, Cameron R.; Wells, Julia A.; Roberts, Carol A.; White, Lisa J.; Qutachi, Omar; Peto, Heather; Rashidi, Hassan; Rojo, Luis; Stevens, Molly M.; El Haj, Alicia J.; Rose, Felicity R. A. J.; Shakesheff, Kevin M.; Oreffo, Richard O. C.

2015-01-01

The current study has investigated the use of decellularised, demineralised bone extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogel constructs for in vivo tissue mineralisation and bone formation. Stro-1-enriched human bone marrow stromal cells were incorporated together with select growth factors including VEGF, TGF-β3, BMP-2, PTHrP and VitD3, to augment bone formation, and mixed with alginate for structural support. Growth factors were delivered through fast (non-osteogenic factors) and slow (osteogenic factors) release PLGA microparticles. Constructs of 5 mm length were implanted in vivo for 28 days within mice. Dense tissue assessed by micro-CT correlated with histologically assessed mineralised bone formation in all constructs. Exogenous growth factor addition did not enhance bone formation further compared to alginate/bone ECM (ALG/ECM) hydrogels alone. UV irradiation reduced bone formation through degradation of intrinsic growth factors within the bone ECM component and possibly also ECM cross-linking. BMP-2 and VitD3 rescued osteogenic induction. ALG/ECM hydrogels appeared highly osteoinductive and delivery of angiogenic or chondrogenic growth factors led to altered bone formation. All constructs demonstrated extensive host tissue invasion and vascularisation aiding integration and implant longevity. The proposed hydrogel system functioned without the need for growth factor incorporation or an exogenous inducible cell source. Optimal growth factor concentrations and spatiotemporal release profiles require further assessment, as the bone ECM component may suffer batch variability between donor materials. In summary, ALG/ECM hydrogels provide a versatile biomaterial scaffold for utilisation within regenerative medicine which may be tailored, ultimately, to form the tissue of choice through incorporation of select growth factors. PMID:26675008

Vaporization thermodynamics and enthalpy of formation of aluminum silicon carbide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Behrens, R.G.; Rinehart, G.H.

1984-01-01

The vaporization thermodynamics of aluminum silicon carbide was investigated using Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry. Vaporization occurred incongruently to give Al(g), SiC(s), and graphite as reaction products. The vapor pressure of aluminum above (Al 4 SiC 4 + SiC + C) was measured using graphite effusion cells with orifice areas between 1.1 X 10 -2 and 3.9 X 10 -4 cm 2 . The vapor pressure of aluminum obtained between 1427 and 1784 K using an effusion cell with the smallest orifice area, 3.9 X 10 -4 cm 2 , is expressed as log p (Pa) = - (18567 + or - 86) (K/T) + (12.143 + or - 0.054) The third-law calculation of the enthalpy change for the reaction Al 4 SiC 4 (s) = 4Al(g) + SiC(hex) + 3C(s) using the present aluminum pressures gives ΔH 0 (298.15 K) = (1455 + or - 79) kJ /SUP ./ mol -1 . The corresponding second-law result is ΔH 0 (298.15 K) = (1456 + or - 47) kJ /SUP ./ mol -1 . The standard enthalpy of formation of Al 4 SiC 4 (s) from the elements calculated from the present vaporization enthalpy (third-law calculation) and the enthalpies of formation of Al(g) and hexagonal SiC is ΔH 0 /SUB f/ (298.15 K) = -(221 + or - 85) kJ /SUP ./ mol -1 . The standard enthalpy of formation of Al 4 SiC 4 (s) from its constituent carbides Al 4 C 3 (s) and SiC(c, hex) is calculated to be ΔH 0 (298.15 K) = (38 + or - 92) KJ /SUP ./ mol -1

Lugemise algõpetusest nii ja naa / Mare Müürsepp

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Müürsepp, Mare

2001-01-01

1998-2000.a. läbi viidud küsitlusest 185 õpetaja seas, kes on töötanud 1. ja 2. klassis. Uuringu eesmärgiks oli välja selgitada maa-, väikelinna- ja suurlinna koolide algklassiõpetajate seisukohti lugemaõpetamises, kuidas õpetajad arvestavad õpilase enesehinnanguga, mida peavad tähtsaks õpikeskkonna loomisel, milliseid tegevusi eelistavad õpilastele pakkuda, millised eesmärgid on neil lugemisõpetuses. Uuringu tulemustes toodi välja erinevused maa-, väikelinna- ja suurlinna koolide algklassiõpetajate ettevalmistuses ja õpetamismeetodites

In vivo measurement of bone aluminum in population living in southern Ontario, Canada

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Davis, K.; Aslam,; Pejovic-Milic, A.; Chettle, D. R. [Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3 (Canada); Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1 (Canada); Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada and Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1 (Canada); Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1 (Canada)

2008-11-15

The harmful biological effect of excessive aluminum (Al) load in humans has been well documented in the literature. Al stored in bone, for instance due to dialysis treatment or occupational exposure, can interfere with normal bone remodeling leading to osteodystrophy, osteoarthritis, or osteomalacia. On the other hand, the relationship between chronic Al exposure and the risk of Alzheimer's disease remains controversial. In this work, the feasibility of in vivo neutron activation analysis (IVNAA) for measuring Al levels in the human hand bone, using the thermal neutron capture reaction {sup 27}Al(n,{gamma}){sup 28}Al, is reported. This noninvasive diagnostic technique employs a high beam current Tandetron accelerator based neutron source, an irradiation/shielding cavity, a 4{pi} NaI(Tl) detector system, and a new set of hand bone phantoms. The photon spectra of the irradiated phantom closely resemble those collected from the hands of nonexposed healthy subjects. A protocol was developed using the newly developed hand phantoms, which resulted in a minimum detectable limit (MDL) of 0.29 mg Al in the human hand. Using the ratio of Al to Ca as an index of Al levels per unit bone mass, the MDL was determined as 19.5{+-}1.5 {mu}g Al/g Ca, which is within the range of the measured levels of 20-27 {mu}g Al/g Ca[ICRP, Report of the Task Group on Reference Man, Publication 23 (Pergamon, Oxford, 1975)] found in other in vivo and in vitro studies. Following the feasibility studies conducted with phantoms, the diagnostic technique was used to measure Al levels in the hand bones of 20 healthy human subjects. The mean hand bone Al concentration was determined as 27.1{+-}16.1 ({+-}1 SD) {mu}g Al/g Ca. The average standard error (1{sigma}) in the Al/Ca is 14.0 {mu}g Al/g Ca, which corresponds to an average relative error of 50% in the measured levels of Al/Ca. These results were achieved with a dose equivalent of 17.6 mSv to a hand and an effective dose of 14.4 {mu}Sv. This

QUELLE EVOLUTION DE LA SITUATION DU MARCHE DU ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Moun

essentiellement à trois facteurs : 1) le recrutement massif des entrepri- ses publiques .... représente 49% de l'emploi total dû à la politique agraire que connaît l'Algérie ... pond à l'esprit de la stratégie d'industrialisation elle-même, on voit.

Parallel and Distributed Systems for Probabilistic Reasoning

Science.gov (United States)

2012-12-01

Ranganathan "et"al...typically a random permutation over the vertices. Advances by Elidan et al. [2006] and Ranganathan et al. [2007] have focused on dynamic asynchronous...Wildfire algorithm shown in Alg. 3.6 is a direct parallelization of the algorithm proposed by [ Ranganathan et al., 2007]. The Wildfire algorithm

Exploring the Development of Competence in Lean Management through Action Learning Groups: A Study of the Introduction of Lean to a Facilities Management Function

Science.gov (United States)

Wyton, Paul; Payne, Robin

2014-01-01

The introduction of a Lean approach to management requires the development of understanding and capability. This in turn requires a structured training intervention and other supporting activities. This paper explores, through a case study, the way in which action learning groups (ALGs) supported the development of Lean capabilities in the…

Ahmed BOUYACOUB

African Journals Online (AJOL)

ACER

investissements réalisés dans notre pays depuis l'indépendance et la croissance .... Autrement dit, l'Algérie a investi presque 4 fois plus que la Tunisie,. 90 % de plus que ...... place et, pour la première fois de son histoire, dans le groupe de.

İnternet Üzerinden Alışveriş Niyetini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Genişletilmiş Teknoloji Kabul Modeli Kullanarak İncelenmesi Ve Bir Model Önerisi ( An Investigation And A Model Suggestion For Factors Affecting Online Shopping Intention Using Extended Technology Acceptance Model

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cengiz YILMAZ

2015-12-01

Full Text Available İşletmeler için müşterilere ulaşmada internetin kullanımı giderek daha fazla cazip hale gelmektedir. TÜİK’in 2014 Ağustos’ta yayınladığı Hanehalkı Bilişim Teknolojileri Kullanım Araştırması sonuçlarına göre İnternet kullanan bireylerin internet üzerinden kişisel kullanım amacıyla mal veya hizmet siparişi verme ya da satın alma oranı %30,8 olmuştur. İnternet kanalıyla mal ve hizmet satan işletmelere, müşterilerin alışveriş niyetini etkileyen faktörler hakkında yol gösterici olmak giderek daha çok önem kazanmaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışma, internet üzerinden alışveriş yapan tüketicilerin niyetini etkileyen faktörler için, 1989 yılında Davis tarafından geliştirilen Teknoloji Kabul Modeli’nden (TKM yola çıkmıştır. Bu araştırma, internet kullanan toplam 680 kişiden elde edilen verilerle, online alışveriş niyetini etkileyen faktörleri, Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi kullanarak incelemiştir. Algılanan kullanım kolaylığı, algılanan kullanışlılık, algılanan haz, tutum ve niyetin yanı sıra modelde algılanan bilgi kalitesi, algılanan sistem kalitesi, algılanan hizmet kalitesi, mağaza bilinirliği, güven ve öznel norm değişkenlerine de yer verilmiştir. Önerilen model, yeterli uyum iyiliği değerlerini vermiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre öznel norm hariç olmak üzere modelde kullanılan tüm değişkenler arasındaki yol katsayıları anlamlıdır. Çalışmaya göre, öznel norm, tüketicilerin online alışveriş niyetini belirlemede rol oynamamaktadır. The usage of internet while reaching to customers is getting more attractive day by day to firms. According to the TurkStat results of consumers information technology usage report that published in August 2014, individual internet users orders or buyings rate for their own usage was %30,8. It is getting more important today to help firms that are selling goods and services online, understand

Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğrenenlerin Duygusal Algı Becerilerinin Değerlendirilmesi / Assessment of Emotional Literacy Levels of Students Learning Turkish as a Foreign Language

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Furkan Uzan

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract The aim of this research is to determine the level of emotional literacy skills of learners who learn Turkish as a foreign language and to examine them according to various variables. For this purpose, emotional literacy general and subscale skills levels of the students learning Turkish as a foreign language have been determined. It was investigated whether the emotional literacy skills of the students who learned Turkish as a foreign language showed a statistically significant difference according to the variables of sex, nationality and Turkish Language acquisition level. After this process, students who learned Turkish as a foreign language were interviewed and their views on emotional literacy were taken and interpreted. As a result of the research, it was determined that the general skill levels of emotional literacy of the students who learned Turkish as a foreign language were in the medium level. It has been determined that students who learn Turkish as a foreign language have difficulties in expressing their feelings and understanding the expressed emotions. And also it has been determined that they are weak in terms of vocabulary. It has been achieved that students who learn Turkish as a foreign language thinking emotional literacy skills are necessary for language teaching. Öz Bu araştırmanın amacı, yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen öğrencilerin duygusal algı (duygusal okuryazarlık becerisi düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen öğrencilerin duygusal okuryazarlık becerisi genel ve alt boyut beceri düzeyleri belirlenmiş ve bu düzeyler arasında cinsiyet, uyruk ve Türkçe öğrenim seviyesi değişkenlerine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılığın olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Bu işlemin ardından yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen öğrencilerle görüşme yapılmış ve duygusal

Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Öğretmeni Adaylarının Öğretmenlik Mesleğine Yönelik Yeterlilik Algıları ve Tutumları Üzerine Bir Araştırma Qualification Perception Of The Turkish Language And Literature Education Teacher Candidates And Attitudes To Teaching Occupation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cem ERDEM

2012-12-01

teacher candidates' interests to the profession,attitudes towards the teaching profession is high, however, ıt has beenidentified that they are insufficient in terms of special field knowledgeand vocational knowledge. A meaningful difference was identified inteacher candidates’ attitude points and the perception level ofvocational competence in only sex and mother profession variables. Thefact that the courses are raised that enables teacher candidates’development in terms of pedagogic skills and special field knowledge isthought to affect their vocational competence perceptions positively. Meslek kavramı özellikle uzmanlaşmanın önemli olduğu iş kollarında sosyokültürel ve ekonomik olarak yeri yadsınamayacak bir ihtisas alanı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu bağlamda her meslek kolu kendine özgü unsurları bünyesinde bulundurmakta ve çalışanlarını da bu unsurlara uyum sağlamaya zorlamaktadır. Toplumun her aşamada yapılandırılması ve bireylere belli değerlerin aktarılmasında öğretmenlik mesleğinin önemli bir yeri olduğu açıktır. Öğretmen adaylarının mesleğe yönelik tutumları ve mesleki yeterlilik algılarına yönelik tespitler, öğretmen yetiştirme programının da değerlendirilebilmesine imkân vermesi bakımından önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Türk dili ve edebiyatı öğretmeni adaylarının mesleki yeterlilik algıları ve öğretmenlik mesleğine ilişkin tutumları incelenmiştir. Araştırma, genel tarama modelinin bir türü olan ilişkisel tarama modeli ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmadaki veriler, beşli likert tipinde 22 maddeden oluşan anket aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Araştırma, 2011-2012 eğitim öğretim yılında güz döneminde Gazi Üniversitesi Türk dili ve edebiyatı öğretmenliği bölümü dördüncü sınıf öğrencileri ve tezsiz yüksek lisans programında öğrenim görmekte olan 137'si kız (%80,6, 33'ü (%19,4 erkek olmak üzere toplam 170 öğrenciden al

Comportement à la corrosion intrinsèque de couches minces à base ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Comportement à la corrosion intrinsèque de couches minces à base d'aluminium (Al-M: M=Mo, Mg, ... Département de Physique, Université Badji Mokhtar, BP 12, Annaba 23000, Algérie. .... dépôts réalisés sur substrat en verre servent pour la ...

Revue d'Information Scientifique et Technique - Vol 10, No 1 (2000)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Le Système Algérien d'Information documentaire agricole: quell appui à la formation et la Recherche Nationales? EMAIL FULL TEXT EMAIL FULL TEXT · DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. R Issolah, JF Giovannetti, 109-121. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rist.v10i1.26732 ...

2- ABBAS

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Administrateur

ouverte de l'Algérie et ce pour au moins trois raisons. Le choix de .... contemporains montrent qu'un pays possède au moins un secteur ou un bien pour .... 10 La loi de finances 2008-2009 a été l'occasion d'une reconsidération de la politique.

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Vol 6, No 1 (2010), Étude des performances thermiques d'un réfrigérateur local ... Vol 7, No 2 (2011), Évaluation des rejets d'eaux usées de la ville de Niamey ... Industriel : Cas de la plaine de la Meboudja, Nord-Est Algérien, Abstract PDF.

Example of a SWOV (Institute for Road Safety Research) safety study : "Avenida Marginal", Lisbon 1989.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Janssen, S.T.M.C.

1991-01-01

This paper describes the accident study on the Marginal Road between Alges and Cascais in Portugal. The aim of this study was to produce a philosophy for a strategy to select the best safety measures out of several which had already been proposed. The general point of departure in this philosophy is

Decomposition of Some Well-Known Variance Reduction Techniques. Revision.

Science.gov (United States)

1985-05-01

34use a family of transformatlom to convert given samples into samples conditioned on a given characteristic (p. 04)." Dub and Horowitz (1979), Granovsky ...34Antithetic Varlates Revisited," Commun. ACM 26, 11, 064-971. Granovsky , B.L. (1981), "Optimal Formulae of the Conditional Monte Carlo," SIAM J. Alg

quelques elements pour un bilan d'un demi siecle de politiques

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Musette

administration ... chaque mesure ou réforme dans le secteur agricole, mais de présenter ..... Les performances à l'exportation de l'agriculture algérienne sont les plus ..... L'absence quasi générale de contrôle et de sanction (positive ou négative) de la ...

Antibiotic eluting clay mineral (Laponite®) for wound healing application: an in vitro study.

Science.gov (United States)

Ghadiri, M; Chrzanowski, W; Rohanizadeh, R

2014-11-01

Different materials in form of sponge, hydrogel and film have been developed and formulated for treating and dressing burn wounds. In this study, the potential of Laponite, a gel forming clay, in combination with an antimicrobial agent (mafenide), as a wound dressing material was tested in vitro. Laponite/mafenide (Lap/Maf) hydrogel was formulated in three different ratios of Lap/Maf 1:1, 1:2, 1:3. Laponite/mafenide/alginate (Lap/Maf/Alg) film was also formulated by combining Lap/Maf gel (1:1) with alginate. Intercalation rate of mafenide into the layers of Laponite nanoparticles and physico-chemical properties, including wound dressing characteristics of materials were studied using various analytical methods. Furthermore, the degradation of materials and the release profile of mafenide were investigated in simulated wound exudates fluid and antibacterial effectiveness of the eluted mafenide was tested on a range of bacterial species. The cytotoxicity of materials was also evaluated in skin fibroblast culture. The results showed that mafenide molecules were intercalated between the nano-sized layers of Laponite. The eluted mafenide showed active antibacterial effects against all three tested bacteria. All intercalated mafenide released from Lap/Maf 1:1 and 1:2 gel formulations and nearly 80% release from 1:3 formulation during test period. No significant difference was observed in release profile of mafenide between Lap/Maf/Alg film and Lap/Maf formulations. Wound dressing tests on Lap/Maf/Alg film showed it is a breathable dressing and has capacity to absorb wound exudates. The study showed that prepared Lap/Maf composite has the potential to be used as an antibiotic eluting gel or film for wound healing application. Additionally, Laponite has shown benefits in wound healing processes by releasing Mg(2+) ions and thereby reducing the cytotoxic effect of mafenide on fibroblast cells.

Probiotic edible films as a new strategy for developing functional bakery products: The case of pan bread.

Science.gov (United States)

Soukoulis, Christos; Yonekura, Lina; Gan, Heng-Hui; Behboudi-Jobbehdar, Solmaz; Parmenter, Christopher; Fisk, Ian

2014-08-01

In the present paper, a novel approach for the development of probiotic baked cereal products is presented. Probiotic pan bread constructed by the application of film forming solutions based either on individual hydrogels e.g. 1% w/w sodium alginate (ALG) or binary blends of 0.5% w/w sodium alginate and 2% whey protein concentrate (ALG/WPC) containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, followed by an air drying step at 60 °C for 10 min or 180 °C for min were produced. No visual differences between the bread crust surface of control and probiotic bread were observed. Microstructural analysis of bread crust revealed the formation of thicker films in the case of ALG/WPC. The presence of WPC improved significantly the viability of L. rhamnosus GG throughout air drying and room temperature storage. During storage there was a significant reduction in L. rhamnosus GG viability during the first 24 h, viable count losses were low during the subsequent 2-3 days of storage and growth was observed upon the last days of storage (day 4-7). The use of film forming solutions based exclusive on sodium alginate improved the viability of L. rhamnosus GG under simulated gastro-intestinal conditions, and there was no impact of the bread crust matrix on inactivation rates. The presence of the probiotic edible films did not modify cause major shifts in the mechanistic pathway of bread staling - as shown by physicochemical, thermal, texture and headspace analysis. Based on our calculations, an individual 30-40 g bread slice can deliver approx. 7.57-8.98 and 6.55-6.91 log cfu/portion before and after in-vitro digestion, meeting the WHO recommended required viable cell counts for probiotic bacteria to be delivered to the human host.

Infecciones por bacterias poco comunes y oncogénesis bacteriana

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Horacio A. Lopardo

Full Text Available La recuperación de algunos microorganismos de aislamiento esporádico en el laboratorio de microbiología clínica podría significar la existencia de algún defecto inmunitarioespecial en el paciente. Por ejemplo, se ha descrito una importante correlación entre Clostridium septicum y carcinoma de colon, y se han visto relacionadas con leucemias y linfomas a especies que aparecen casi siempre como contaminantes (Bacillus spp., Corynebacterium spp. y a otras raramente aisladas en otros contextos (Capnocytophaga spp.. Hay bacterias que se aíslan casi exclusivamente de pacientes con sida (Rhodococcus equi. Se ha observado una mayor frecuencia de infecciones por Campylobacter spp., Aeromonas spp. y estreptococos del grupo G y del grupo mitis en individuos con algún tipo de cáncer que en el resto de los pacientes. También hay bacterias que son marcadoras de algún cáncer no detectado o que afectan más a pacientes neutropénicos que a individuos normoinmunes. La alteración de la reacción inflamatoria, la linfoproliferación mediada por antígenos bacterianos y la inducción de hormonas que aumentan la proliferación de las células epiteliales podrían ser causas de la oncogénesis bacteriana. Los ejemplos clásicos son el adenocarcinoma gástrico inducido por Helicobacter pylori, la asociación de la bacteriemia por estreptococos del grupo bovis y el cáncer de colon y los linfomas de tejido linfoide asociado a mucosas (MALT en vinculación con especies de Helicobacter (MALT gástricos y con Chlamydophila spp. (MALT oculares. El aislamiento de alguno de estos patógenos debería ser un llamado de atención para inducir al estudio de alguna enfermedad maligna.

Probiotic edible films as a new strategy for developing functional bakery products: The case of pan bread☆

Science.gov (United States)

Soukoulis, Christos; Yonekura, Lina; Gan, Heng-Hui; Behboudi-Jobbehdar, Solmaz; Parmenter, Christopher; Fisk, Ian

2014-01-01

In the present paper, a novel approach for the development of probiotic baked cereal products is presented. Probiotic pan bread constructed by the application of film forming solutions based either on individual hydrogels e.g. 1% w/w sodium alginate (ALG) or binary blends of 0.5% w/w sodium alginate and 2% whey protein concentrate (ALG/WPC) containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, followed by an air drying step at 60 °C for 10 min or 180 °C for min were produced. No visual differences between the bread crust surface of control and probiotic bread were observed. Microstructural analysis of bread crust revealed the formation of thicker films in the case of ALG/WPC. The presence of WPC improved significantly the viability of L. rhamnosus GG throughout air drying and room temperature storage. During storage there was a significant reduction in L. rhamnosus GG viability during the first 24 h, viable count losses were low during the subsequent 2–3 days of storage and growth was observed upon the last days of storage (day 4–7). The use of film forming solutions based exclusive on sodium alginate improved the viability of L. rhamnosus GG under simulated gastro-intestinal conditions, and there was no impact of the bread crust matrix on inactivation rates. The presence of the probiotic edible films did not modify cause major shifts in the mechanistic pathway of bread staling – as shown by physicochemical, thermal, texture and headspace analysis. Based on our calculations, an individual 30–40 g bread slice can deliver approx. 7.57–8.98 and 6.55–6.91 log cfu/portion before and after in-vitro digestion, meeting the WHO recommended required viable cell counts for probiotic bacteria to be delivered to the human host. PMID:25089068

Farklı Ortamlarda Üretilmiş Scenedesmus acuminatus Alginin ve Ekmek Mayasının (Saccharomyces cerevisae Daphnia magna'nın Populasyon Artışına Etkisi.

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Murtaza Ölmez

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, Daphnia magna’nın populasyon artışı üzerine dört farklı besinin (Scenedesmus ortamında üretilen alg, Scenedesmus ortamında üretilen alg+maya, inorganik gübreli ortamda üretilen alg+maya ve maya etkisi belirlenmiştir. Deneme her bir besin için 500 ml besin ortamı içeren 1 L kapasiteli 12 erlenmayerden (=4 food x 3 tekerrür oluşacak şekilde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Denemeye 24 saatten genç bireyler kullanılarak başlangıç yoğunluğu 5 birey/500 ml olarak başlanmış, bütün deneme gruplarındaki tekerrürlerin çoğunda, populasyon artışında azalmanın görüldüğü 28 günün sonunda deneme sonlandırıldı. Deneme sonunda maksimum birey sayısı 3600,00±41,00 birey/500 ml olarak 25. günde ve maksimum büyüme oranı ise 0,36±0,002/gün olarak 14. günde Scenedesmus ortamında üretilmiş algle (Scenedesmus acuminatus beslenen I. grupta saptanmıştır. Maya ilavesi birey sayısı ve büyüme oranında azalmaya yol açarken, sadece mayayla beslenen grubun populasyon artışı en düşük düzeyde olmuş ve diğer gruplardan istatistikî olarak önemli derecede farklılık göstermiştir (P

Measures of student success with textbook transformations: the Affordable Learning Georgia Initiative

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Emily Croteau

2017-03-01

Full Text Available In 2014, the state of Georgia’s budget supported a University System of Georgia (USG initiative: Affordable Learning Georgia (ALG. The initiative was implemented via Textbook Transformation Grants, which provided grants to USG faculty, libraries and librarians, and institutions to “transform their use of textbooks and other learning materials into using lower cost options”, in other words to use open educational resources (OER in lieu of a traditional bound textbook. The Round One Textbook Transformation Grants have already shown to be successful in that they saved students approximately $760,000.  What is not known, is the collective impact on student learning. This study examines the learning gains or losses pre- and post-transformation in ALG Round One courses where traditional resources were replaced with OER.  It estimates differences between pre- and post- textbook transformation across the following outcomes: 1 Drop Fail Withdraw (DFW rates, 2 rates of completion, 3 numbers of students receiving a final grade of A or B, C and D, 4 numerical final grades as a percent, 5 final exam grades as a percent, and, 6 course-specific assessment grades measured in percent. Twenty-four data sets were analyzed for DFW rate, eight data sets for completion rate, fourteen data sets for grade distribution, three data sets for final exam grades, three data sets for course specific assessment and one data set for final grades. The null hypothesis that there would be no differences between pre- and post-transformation rates in these learning outcomes was supported.  Thus, this study demonstrates that the USG’s ALG initiative helped students save money without negatively impacting learning outcomes. In addition, it is the first of its kind to measure some of these learning outcomes (e.g. final exam grade, assessment grade, and distribution of letter grades at this scale.

Biological Effects of Drug-Free Alginate Beads Cross-Linked by Copper Ions Prepared Using External Ionotropic Gelation.

Science.gov (United States)

Pavelková, M; Kubová, K; Vysloužil, J; Kejdušová, M; Vetchý, D; Celer, V; Molinková, D; Lobová, D; Pechová, A; Vysloužil, J; Kulich, P

2017-05-01

External ionotropic gelation offers a unique possibility to entrap multivalent ions in a polymer structure. The aim of this experimental study was to prepare new drug-free sodium alginate (ALG) particles cross-linked by Cu 2+ ions and to investigate their technological parameters (particle size, sphericity, surface topology, swelling capacity, copper content, release of Cu 2+ ions, mucoadhesivity) and biological activity (cytotoxicity and efficiency against the most common vaginal pathogens-Herpes simplex, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans) with respect to potential vaginal administration. Beads prepared from NaALG dispersions (3 or 4%) were cross-linked by Cu 2+ ions (0.5 or 1.0 M CuCl 2 ) using external ionotropic gelation. Prepared mucoadhesive beads with particle size over 1000 μm exhibited sufficient sphericity (all ˃0.89) and copper content (214.8-249.07 g/kg), which increased with concentration of polymer and hardening solution. Dissolution behaviour was characterized by extended burst effect, followed by 2 h of copper release. The efficiency of all samples against the most common vaginal pathogens was observed at cytotoxic Cu 2+ concentrations. Anti-HSV activity was demonstrated at a Cu 2+ concentration of 546 mg/L. Antibacterial activity of beads (expressed as minimum inhibition concentration, MIC) was influenced mainly by the rate of Cu 2+ release which was controlled by the extent of swelling capacity. Lower MIC values were found for E. coli in comparison with C. albicans. Sample ALG-3_1.0 exhibited the fastest copper release and was proved to be the most effective against both bacteria. This could be a result of its lower polymer concentration in combination with smaller particle size and thus larger surface area.

Author Details

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Achou, M. Vol 28 (2014) - Articles Etude de la diversité morphométrique de deux populations d'abeilles domestiques (Apis mellifera intermissa et Apis mellifera sahariensis) du sud Algérien Abstract PDF. ISSN: 2352-9717. AJOL African Journals Online. HOW TO USE AJOL... for Researchers · for Librarians · for Authors ...

inventory of arthropods on sesbania acuelata in the algerian sahara

African Journals Online (AJOL)

I. Larkem

2017-09-01

Sep 1, 2017 ... newly introduced in Algéria. This basic list may be a reference for Complementary studies to be carried out subsequently to study the evolution of the biodiversity of this plant in the ... Advances in the analysis of phenolic compounds in products derived from bees.Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical ...

Modèles de gestion des ressources forestières du massif ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Expérimentation Participative et Adaptative de Modèles de Gestion des Ressources Forestières dans la Chaine Montagneuse de l'Atlas (Algérie, Maroc, Tunisie) : rapport final (17 mars 2009 au 18 septembre 2012). Download PDF. Reports. Unité de transformation de cire d'abeille (Commune de M'Sara). Download PDF ...

Reconstitution des paléoenvironnements de la plate-forme néritique ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

B13-reception

1- INTRODUCTION ET CADRE GEOLOGIQUE ET GEOGRAPHIQUE ... mesure des côtes du sommet et de la base des couches horizontales (Figure.2) : .... faciès à organisme constructeurs en position de vie. .... La chaîne tello-rifaine Algérie, Maroc, Tunisie : structure, stratigraphie et évolution du trias au Miocène.

Alimentación, salud y pobreza en áreas marginadas urbanas: caso Veracruz-Boca del Río, Veracruz, México

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Ana Lid Del Ángel-Pérez

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Se caracterizó la alimentación en 120 hoga - res en áreas marginadas en Veracruz-Boca del Río, México, mediante el Indice de Di - versidad Dietética y su asociación con varia - bles socioeconómicas. Los hogares se clasifi - caron en cuatro niveles socioeconómicos, 99% se ubicó en situación de pobreza. De 52% a 71% del ingreso familiar se gasta en alimentos. En la dieta prevalecen alimentos con alto contenido calórico, proteína animal de baja calidad y bajo consumo de frutas y verduras. La diversidad dietética en todos los niveles socioeconómicos no superó el 50% de los alimentos básicos requeridos para una buena nutrición. El 56% de los hogares tiene a alguien que padece algún tipo de enferme - dad crónica no transmisible, así como algún miembro de la parentela extensa (80% con recomendaciones médicas de cambiar su ali - mentación y hacer ejercicio físico.

Real or symbolic domination: New revision of La Domination masculine

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Tassadit Yacine

2017-07-01

Full Text Available This paper does a rereading of Pierre Bourdieu’s Masculine Domination (1998, from the context in which it was developed. Thus, we rely on the work carried out during the 50s in Algeria (Sociologie de l'Algérie, 1958, Esquisse d'une théorie de la pratique, 1972 and Le Sens pratique, 1980 and later in France, to show that Masculine Domination was not born spontaneously, but as a result of a long decantation enriched by field experiences and the theoretical advances of the author’s concepts. If it is true that the situation of the women described in Sociologie de l'Algérie is the result of empirical research, it is less so for Masculine Domination, whose analysis retakes the concepts forged by the social anthropologist, such as habitus and symbolic domination. In this way, this article proposes a rereading of this work through the analysis of the work that preceded it in the field.

Resgatando Processos geométricos da história da matemática para uma discussão sobre resolução de equações quadráticas

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Francisco Peregrino Rodrigues Neto

2001-06-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho discute sobre álgebra, particularmente sobre equações quadráticas, fazendo uso da História da Matemática como recurso didático para ensinar os próprios conceitos de matemática. Objetivamente o trabalho resgata da História da Matemática alguns processos algébrico-geométricos, como auxílio didático para promover o ensino-aprendizagem dessa matéria através de atividades estruturadas com essa finalidade. O desenvolvimento da parte matemática se inicia com a resolução de casos particulares de equações do 2o grau e se completa com a dedução algébrica da conhecida fórmula de Bhãskara, usando-se recursos geométricos. O trabalho é dirigido para professores de matemática que atuam na 8o série do 1o grau e/ou no ensino médio.

Preparation and characterization of monodisperse microcapsules with alginate and bentonite via external gelation technique encapsulating Pseudomonas putida Rs-198.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Xuan; Wu, Zhansheng; He, Yanhui; Ye, Bang-Ce; Wang, Jun

2017-10-01

This paper evaluated the external gelation technique for preparing microcapsules. The microcapsules were consisted of Pseudomonas putida Rs-198 (Rs-198) core and sodium alginate (NaAlg)-bentonite (Bent) shell. Different emulsification rotation speeds and core/shell ratios were used to prepare the microcapsules of each formulation. The near-spherical microcapsules were monodisperse with a mean diameter of 25-100 μm and wrinkled surfaces. Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed the physical mixture of the wall material and the superior thermal stability of the microcapsules. Percentage yield, water content, and encapsulation efficiency were evaluated and correlated with the changes in emulsification rotation speed and core/shell ratio. In vitro release experiments demonstrated that 60% of the bacteria were released from the NaAlg-Bent microcapsules within three days. Considerably better survival was observed for encapsulated cells compared to free cells, especially in pH 4.0 and 10.0. In summary, the desired properties of microcapsules can be obtained by external gelation technique and the microcapsules on the bacteria had a good protective effect.

Commande floue adaptative directe stable étendue appliquée à la ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Administrateur

Commande floue adaptative directe stable étendue appliquée à la machine asynchrone. Stable direct adaptive fuzzy control extended applied to the asynchronous machine. Malika Fodil. 1. , Said Barkat. 1 et Djamel Boukhetala. 2. 1Université de M'sila, BP 166, rue Ichbillia, M'sila, Algérie. 2Laboratoire de Commande des ...

Kool kui kasvukeskkond erineva sotsiaalse tausta ja akadeemilise edukusega laste jaoks / Leida Talts

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Talts, Leida

2001-01-01

Artiklis sisalduv analüüs tugineb TPÜ algõpetuse õppetooli uurimisgrupi poolt 1999.a. 10-13-aastaste õpilaste arenguvõimaluste võrdlevaks analüüsimiseks korraldatud üle-eestilisel ankeetküsitlusel, milles käsitleti õpilaste hinnanguid oma kasvukeskkonna tingimustele perekonnas, koolis ja mujal. Küsitluse üheks tervikplokiks oli kool kui kasvukeskkond

Farey Statistics in Time n^{2/3} and Counting Primitive Lattice Points in Polygons

OpenAIRE

Patrascu, Mihai

2007-01-01

We present algorithms for computing ranks and order statistics in the Farey sequence, taking time O (n^{2/3}). This improves on the recent algorithms of Pawlewicz [European Symp. Alg. 2007], running in time O (n^{3/4}). We also initiate the study of a more general algorithmic problem: counting primitive lattice points in planar shapes.

India | Page 121 | IDRC - International Development Research Centre

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Read more about Environmental pollution. Language English. Dans le monde arabe, on assiste à des percées historiques alors que tombent les obstacles au plein exercice, par les femmes, de leurs droits de citoyennes dans leur propre pays. Depuis quelques années, en Algérie, en Égypte et au Maroc, des femmes ...

Research

African Journals Online (AJOL)

abp

10 oct. 2013 ... Abstract. Introduction: La maladie thromboembolique veineuse (MTEV) présente par ses deux entités cliniques: thrombose veineuse profonde (TVP) et embolie pulmonaire (EP), est une pathologie fréquente ayant une forte morbi-mortalité. En Algérie, cette pathologie prend de plus en plus de l'ampleur, en ...

Afrique Science: Revue Internationale des Sciences et Technologie ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Degré d'impact des aménagements hydrauliques sur le ruissellement et le transport solide dans une région semi aride : cas des micro-bassins dans le haut Isser, Algérie · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. A Keddar, B Touaïbia, M Arabi ...

Identité morphologique des façades néo-classiques dans le centre ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

considering their importances in the national history and their values of architectural heritage; we attempted to develop a method of analysis ... France, un style reproduit automatiquement dans les pays colonisés dont l'Algérie, plus ..... architecture, de la Grèce antique au XXe siècle, Ed. Solar pour la traduction française, ...

diversité botanique dans le sud du parc national de taï, côte d

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AKA Boko Mathieu

des grandes routes reliant l'Ouest algérien au Maroc et le tell du Sahara, l'a prédisposée à servir de lieu ..... fiscaux rapides, on peut amortir la dépréciation de l'actif plus vite qu'il ne perd réellement ... Kilowattheure, jusqu'à devenir compétitif.

Matemaatika õpimotiivid ja nende kujunemine / Helle Sikka

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Sikka, Helle, 1949-

2001-01-01

Õpimotivatsioonist ja selle mõjuteguritest, matemaatika õppimise motiveerimisest. 1999.a. TPÜ algõpetuse õppetooli poolt läbi viidud uuringust Tallinna koolide 2.-6. klasside õpilaste ja klassiõpetajate seas. Uurimuse eesmärgiks oli selgitada õpilaste üldisi õpimotiive, matemaatika õppimise motiive, aineseoseid argieluga, analüüsida nii õpilaste kui õpetajate hinnanguid probleemülesannete lahendamisele

Carlos García Prada: Poetas modernistas hispanoamericanos

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Helcías Martán Góngora

1959-03-01

Full Text Available En un discurso pronunciado hace algún tiempo en la Academia Colombiana de la Lengua, el doctor Eduardo Santos, después de glosar la "Historia y Antología de la Poesía Castellana, del siglo XII al XX" publicada por la Casa Aguilar en 1946, consigna esta afirmación optimista.

Cas d'une loi exponentielle Bayesian predict

African Journals Online (AJOL)

DK

Avec des données groupées : Cas d'une loi exponentielle. Bayesian predictions of order statistics with grouped data: The case of an exponential law. Assia Chadli* & Asma Meradji. Laboratoire LaPS, Département de Mathématiques, Faculté des Sciences. Université Badji Mokhtar Annaba, BP 12, 23000, Annaba, Algérie.

Loitsumees ja salapärane autojuht / Mare Müürsepp

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Müürsepp, Mare, 1958-

2014-01-01

Artikkel on kirjutatud Sandra Rannastiku magistritöö põhjal (Tallinna Ülikool, kasvatusteaduste instituut, algõpetuse osakond, 2014). Magistritöö põhineb uuringul, mille jaoks valiti välja kümme raamatut, et uurida milliseid ootusi üks või teine raamat lastes tekitab ja viidi läbi 72 neljanda klassi õpilase hulgas

[Epidemiology of rabies in Algeria].

Science.gov (United States)

Benelmouffok, A; Belkaid, M; Benhassine, M

An epidemiological study on rabies in Algeria has been carried out on data provided by the "Institut national de Santé publique" and the "Institut Pasteur d'Algérie". It showed that no region is unhurt. The animal reservoir is of the domestic type, essentially the dog. In 40% of cases, bites are due to stray dogs.

Cisjordanie et Gaza

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Cathy Egan

recherches fructueuses pour le développement au cœur même des plus grands dangers et de privations extrêmes. ... 70 projets en Cisjordanie et à Gaza depuis le milieu des années 1980. ... Des études de cas ont été préparées sur l'Algérie ...

Pharmacological Prevention and Reversion of Erectile Dysfunction After Radical Prostatectomy, by Modulation of Nitric Oxide/cGMP Pathways

Science.gov (United States)

2011-03-01

establecidas para inducir un efecto vasodilatador en los cuerpos cavernosos del pene que produzca una erección rígida (42). El mecanismo de acción operativo ...algún papel en ED, ésta dista de tener la significación que tradicionalmente se le asigna en el sistema vascular sistémico (extrapeneano). Ello se

Caractérisation de la race ovine algérienne Tazegzawth

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Moula, N.

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Tazegzawth: Characterization of an Algerian Sheep Breed. This paper aims at, firstly, highlighting the morpho-biometric characteristics of the Tazegzawth sheep breed, and, secondly, describing the sheep farmers profile and their farming practices. The study was carried out in Kabylie (Algeria which is the breed cradle of Tazegzawth sheep. The survey concerned 16 breed farmers located in the Wilayas of Bejaia and Tizi-Ouzou. Each of the 85 sheep (24 rams and 61 ewes was characterized and profiled. The study indicated that sheep farming is a diversification activity and not a specialized activity. Other breeds and species are kept by the farmers. Due to the sharing of grazing areas between farmers, anarchic matings occurred contributing to the Tazegzawth breed's decline. Farmers involved in this study were male having on average 12.13±3.84 livestock heads per household. All the farmers used local resources as supplement feeding: organic waste, crop leftovers, hay and olive foliage, ash, elm, oak and fig foliage. Average live weight of males (68.48±1.12 kg were highly significantly higher (p-value <0.01 than the average live weight of females (53.84±1.16 kg. Livestock systems involving Tazegzawth breed showed a high diversity. The multiple correspondences analysis indicated 4 groups depending on the time length over which animal breeding took place, the bred animal species, the number of Tazegzawth bred animals, and the aims and objectives of the animal farming.

Cinsel Taciz: Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Algı ve Tepkileri

OpenAIRE

DURMUŞ, Emine

2013-01-01

This study investigates sexual harassment In the first section of the study it is aimed to determine what kind of sexual harassment they face in which contexts they face this harassment and the feelings and the reactions they reveal when they face sexual harassment The second section tries to find out why some people do not show any reactions when they face sexual harassment and investigate these people quot; reasons why they do so nbsp; nbsp; The findings indicate that the majority of ...

Scolarisation – Travail et Genre en Algérie | Houria | Africa ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

the basis of division of labour by gender. The article concludes that although the statistics show progress, it cannot show the processes of significant differences in gender discrimination. What would be of interest is how girls and boys occupy the spaces of learning and that of work. How are power relations between girls and ...

MODA ODAKLI İÇGÜDÜSEL SATIN ALMA DAVRANIŞINA ETKİ EDEN FAKTÖRLER

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

İlknur TÜFEKÇİ

2014-10-01

Full Text Available ÖZ: Günümüzde geleneksel birçok moda perakendecisi, esnek olmayan tedarik zinciri, onun yarattığı aşırı stok ve kâr kayıplarıyla mücadele ederken, hızlı moda perakendecileri esnek tedarik zinciri yönetimi ve yeni trendlere hızla uyum sağlayarak bu problemi avantaja dönüştürmüşlerdir. Bu sayede hızlı moda pazarını oluşturma ve geliştirmede büyük başarı sağlamışlardır. Dolayısıyla çalışma, bu pazarda yer alan tüketicilerin algı ve tutumlarının satın alma davranışlarına etkisini belirlemek amacıyla düzenlenmiştir. Çalışma Atatürk Üniversitesi’nde okuyan kız öğrencilere 387 adet anket uygulaması yoluyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın amaçları doğrultusunda öncelikle hızlı moda perakendeciliğine yönelik tutum, kıtlık algısı, düşük fiyat algısı ve tükenebilir algısının moda odaklı içgüdüsel satın alma davranışı üzerine etkisini belirlemek için çoklu regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Sonrasında ise çok kriterli karar verme tekniklerinden TOPSIS yöntemi ile bu değişkenlerin önem sıralaması belirlenmiştir. Söz konusu değişkenlerin moda odaklı içgüdüsel satın alma üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu ve kriterler arasında en önemi etkiyi “tükenebilir algısı”nın taşıdığı belirlenmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Hızlı Moda, Moda Odaklı İçgüdüsel Satın Alma, TOPSIS. ABSTRACT: Many traditional fashion retailer are struggling with inflexible supply chain and the excess inventory and profit loss due to this inflexibility. But, these problems have been converted into advantages by fast fashion retailers, via adapting quickly to new trends and flexible supply chain management. In this way, they have achieved great success which is the creation of the fast fashion market and development. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine consumers' perceptions and attitudes effect on purchase behavior in this market

Trust Building Model of Customers on B2c Websites: A Research on Generation Y Customers / B2c Web Sitelerinde Müşterilerin Güven Oluşturma Modeli: Y Jenerasyonu Müşterileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mustafa Emre Civelek

2018-03-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT New generation consumers have a tendency to rely more on digital media in their consumption process. This research aims to explain the purchasing behavior of Generation Y consumers. Effects of the peer to peer interactions of Generation Y consumers on brand awareness and brand trust form the conceptual model of this research. In the introduction part of the research, previous work on WoM, eWoM, brand awareness and brand trust in the literature are evaluated. In the remainder of the research, a conceptual model is tested with a survey collected from overall Turkey. The sample consists of Generation Y individuals.  More than 400 distributed, 305 valid questionnaires were gathered. In order to measure Brand Awareness and Brand Trust, the scales adopted by Han et al. from prior studies were used (Han, Nguyen, & Lee, 2015.  In order to measure the eWOM, the scale developed by Goyette et al. was used (Goyette, Ricard, Bergeron, & Marticotte, 2010. These results of the tests indicate a positive and significant relationship between WOM Content and Brand Awareness, between WOM Intensity and Brand Awareness and between Brand Awareness and Brand Trust.   ÖZ Yeni jenerasyon tüketiciler, tüketim süreçlerinde dijital mecraları kullanma eğilimindedirler. Bu çalışma, Y Jenerasyonu tüketicilerin alışveriş davranışını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmayla Y Jenerasyonundaki tüketicilerin diğer tüketicilerle etkileşiminin marka algısı ve marka güvenine etkisi incelenmiştir. Diğer tüketicilerle etkileşim olarak çevrimiçi mecralarda ağızdan ağıza iletişim incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın giriş bölümünde ağızdan ağıza iletişim, çevrimiçi ağızdan ağıza iletişim, marka algısı ve marka güveni kavramlarının literatürdeki yeri incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın geri kalan bölümünde geliştirilen kavramsal modelin 400 kişiye uygulandığı ve 305 geçerli sonucun elde edildiği anket çalışması ile

Amplitude Analysis and Modeling of Regional Phases in PNE Profiles in Northern Eurasia and Seismic Regionalization

Science.gov (United States)

2006-06-30

ratios (Lg/Pn, Lg/Pg, Lg/Sn, and Lg/ Pcod ,), a constant window length was used to measure the phase amplitudes. The phases were identified by correlating...log(ýo-) = (Yp + yp,,o-dLg)(log( 2) -log ))+Q( + p.o-71Lg)(x 2 - (2.9) ’ 4 pcod ,2 APCoda Therefore, the difference of log(ALg/Apcoda) between

: tous les projets | Page 246 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Au cours des derniers mois, des centaines de milliers de citoyens en Algérie, au Maroc et en Tunisie se sont mobilisés pour exiger une plus grande responsabilité et légitimité du gouvernement. Date de début : 1 avril 2011. End Date: 30 avril 2014. Sujet: SOCIAL MOVEMENTS, DEMOCRATIZATION. Région: Algeria ...

Management Models of Forest Resources in the Atlas Mountain ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

31 mars 2009 ... Expérimentation Participative et Adaptative de Modèles de Gestion des Ressources Forestières dans la Chaine Montagneuse de l'Atlas (Algérie, Maroc, Tunisie). Téléchargez le PDF. Rapports. Expérimentation Participative et Adaptative de Modèles de Gestion des Ressources Forestières dans la Chaine ...

159 Évaluation de l'activité biologique des feuilles de l'olivier ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

PC

naturelles, nous avons essayé dans cette étude de contribuer à la connaissance de certains effets biologiques des feuilles ... alternative aux médicaments conventionnels. En Algérie, les plantes ... comparaison de deux moyennes de deux séries de mesure est réalisée grâce au test 't' de Student-Fisher. 2-5. Evaluation de ...

Resistance source to cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

STORAGESEVER

2008-07-18

Jul 18, 2008 ... ¹Département d'Agronomie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Batna, 05000, Algérie. ²INRA Centre de .... Fishers PLSD test was then used for pair-wise compa- risons of all the ..... proteinase inhibitor II, and pathogenesis-related protein P4 in tomato ... Les principales viroses limitant la culture de la fève.

Les Cahiers du CREAD

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Admin

6 juil. 2007 ... La problématique du développement du secteur de l'artisanat en. Algérie a été très peu abordée par les chercheurs, qu'ils soient universitaires ou .... La loi a institué une taxe d'apprentissage dont le taux a été fixé à. 1% de la ...

Case series

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ebutamanya

25 juin 2015 ... Maghreb Document INED ; enseigner la guerre d'Algérie et le. Maghreb contemporain. Actes de la DESCO Université d'été. 2001; pp1-25. Google Scholar. 2. Benider A, Bennani Othmani M, Harif M et al. Registre des cancers de la région du Grand Casablanca, année 2004, édition. 2007. Google Scholar.

Application de la théorie mathématique de l'information pour l ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Revue Synthèse N° 21, Janvier 2010. F.L. Rahmani et A. Chibat. 5. Application de la théorie mathématique de l'information pour l'élaboration de questionnaires. Fouad Lazhar Rahmani et Ahmed Chibat. Laboratoire des mathématiques appliquées et modélisation,. Université Frères Mentouri, Constantine 25000, Algérie.

Etat des lieux sur l'entrepreneuriat feminin dans la wilaya de Djelfa ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Abstract. En Algérie, l'entrepreneuriat féminin est faible malgré la politique volontariste de l'Etat pour booster l'activité féminine qui se trouve être la plus faible dans le Maghreb. Seulement 5 % des ... et la gestion de leur projet. Mots clefs: Entreprenariat féminin, Djelfa, Investissement, Micro crédit, Développement social ...

Risque dû à la consommation des boissons rafraichissantes sans ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Les résultats obtenus montrent que 36.66% des échantillons sont non conformes à la réglementation Algérienne. 23.33% sont ... 23.33% are concerning a chemical quality (the exceed of the doses of saccharin for 20% of samples and presence of a Sweetener no permit, the cyclamate in one sample) and 13.33% related to ...

Comité Scientifique de la Revue des Sciences et de la Technologie ...

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MICROSIM

2 mai 2014 ... U.S. Department of Agriculture, 40p. [24] Wilcox. L.V., 1955. “Classification and use of irrigation waters”. Circular 969. Washington, U.S.. Department of Agriculture, 19p. [25] ADE (Algérien Des Eaux),. 2010. Compte- rendu d'enquête sur les exploitations et les demandes d'AEP dans la Wilaya d'El-Oued, 4p.

Author Details

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Le concept d'alcalinité résiduelle et évolution géochimique des processus. Application aux sols salés du lac Fetzara (Nord-Est algérien). Abstract PDF · Vol 22 (2010) - Articles Inventory of the lichen flora of the national park of El Kala in northeastern Algeria Abstract PDF. ISSN: 2352-9717. AJOL African Journals Online.

Perbandingan Algoritma Genetika Dengan Algoritma Generate and Test Pada Perencanaan Tataletak Fasilitas Rumah Sakit Umum

OpenAIRE

Santhi Helvin, Ivana Eka; Virginia, Gloria; Purwadi, Joko

2007-01-01

Sebuah rumah sakit dapat memberikan pelayanan yang baik jika didukung salahsatunya oleh penempatan fasilitas yang tepat. Masalahnya, menentukan penempatan sebuahfasiliias itu tidak mudah. Perancang bangunan rumah sakit sering mengalami kesulitan dalammenentukan tempat untuk sebuah fasilitas, sehingga diperlukan konsultan yang ahli di bidangtata letak fasilitai rumah sakit. Dua algoritma pencarian, yaitu alg otitma Generate and kst danalgoritma Genetika diimplementasikan dengan tujuan mendapat...

La descolonización del norte de África en perspectiva histórica

OpenAIRE

Morales Lezcano, Víctor

1991-01-01

Si se repasa con detenimiento —e, incluso a vuelapluma— cualquier manual de historia de España durante la Edad Contemporánea será difícil encontrar algún capitulo consagrado a la política internacional del Estado desde el final del reinado de Fernando Vil hasta la muerte del general Franco, descolonización de África incluida.

AS_599_A4 OK

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AKA BOKO

Résumé. L'Algérie a mis en place un réseau industriel dense, concentrant des secteurs polluants et gros ... Mots-clés : métaux lourds, rejet liquide, déchets industriels, pollution, environnement, oued Meboudja, ... Pour évaluer les concentrations en éléments traces métalliques (ETM) dans les eaux de l'oued Meboudja.

Untitled

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

253. Coscinodiscus borealis Bailey, Notice Miar. Forms, 1856, p. 3; De Toni,. Syll. Alg., Vol. II, 1891-94, p. 1274. Differs from the type in having robust valves, larger areolae, 3 in. 10p around the rosette and 2 to 2 in 10 u, near the margin. Diameter of valve 851. Distribution.--Type in the marine plankton of all the seas; also re-.

Alergia y parasitosis intestinal

OpenAIRE

Urueta, Carlos A.

2011-01-01

Desde hace algún tiempo había deseado la oportunidad de ponerme en contacto contigo, para comunicarte un tema de tu afición a la parasitología humana y que se me ocurre a mí que se ha estudiado por aquí. Me refiero a las relaciones de la alergia con las parasitosis humanas, especialmente las intestinales.

Sauvez un enfant: Le soutien humanitaire néerlandais aux réfugiés algériens pendant la guerre d'Algérie 1954-1962

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Pas, N.

2014-01-01

This article is about the humanitarian support of the Netherlands destined to Algerian refugees in Morocco and Tunisia during the Algerian war of independence (1954-1962). At the political level, in The Hague, the Franco-Algerian conflict went largely unnoticed for the reason that the Netherlands, a

Tüketici Temelli Marka Değerinin Marka Tercihlerine Etkisinde Ailenin Aracılık Rolü

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Erkan YILDIZ

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmanın birinci amacı; tüketici temelli marka değerinin alt boyutları olan; marka farkındalığı, algılanan kalite, marka çağrışımları ve marka sadakatinin marka tercihleri üzerine etkisini incelemek, ikinci amacı ise ailenin bu ilişkilerdeki aracılık rolünü araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla Ankara ilinde 295 kişinin katılımıyla bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; algılanan kalite ve marka sadakatinin marka tercihlerini pozitif yönde etkilerken, marka farkındalığı ve marka çağrışımlarının, marka tercihleri üzerinde bir etkisinin olmadığı aynı zamanda bu ilişkide ailenin de aracılık rolüne sahip olmadığı belirlenmiştir.

Control of Water Pollution and Phytoplanktonic Algal Flora in Bayındır Dam Reservoir (Ankara.

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Tahir Atıcı

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Su kirliliğinin ve fitoplanktonik alg florasının Bayındır Baraj Gölü’nde kontrolü. Bu çalışmada Bayındır baraj gölü’nün bir plankton kepçesi ile toplanmış olan fitoplanktonik algleri Mart 2003 ve Aralık 2003 arasında incelendi. Toplam 76 fitoplankton türü saptandı. Bunların 13’ü Cyanophyta, 17’si Chlorophyta, 2’si Dinophyta, 6’sı Euglenophyta ve 38’i Bacillariophyta’ya aitti. Ayni periyotta, fiziksel ve kimyasal analizler ayrıca sürdürüldü ve türlerin bollukları ile varlıkları değerlendirildi ve böylece barajda kirliliğe toleranslı alg tiplerinin olduğu bulundu. Ayrıca, Ankara’ya içme suyu sağlayan baraj gölünün devamlılığı üzerine bazı öneriler getirildi

Induction of apoptosis in HeLa cancer cells by an ultrasonic-mediated synthesis of curcumin-loaded chitosan-alginate-STPP nanoparticles.

Science.gov (United States)

Ahmadi, Fatemeh; Ghasemi-Kasman, Maryam; Ghasemi, Shahram; Gholamitabar Tabari, Maryam; Pourbagher, Roghayeh; Kazemi, Sohrab; Alinejad-Mir, Ali

2017-01-01

Natural herbal compounds have been widely introduced as an alternative therapeutic approach in cancer therapy. Despite potent anticancer activity of curcumin, its clinical application has been limited because of low water solubility and resulting poor bioavailability. In this study, we designed a novel ultrasonic-assisted method for the synthesis of curcumin-loaded chitosan-alginate-sodium tripolyphosphate nanoparticles (CS-ALG-STPP NPs). Furthermore, antitumor effect of curcumin-loaded NPs was evaluated in vitro. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the properties of NPs. Antitumor activity of curcumin-loaded NPs was assessed by using MTT and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). FE-SEM and AFM data revealed the spherical morphology, and the average size of NPs was curcumin-loaded CS-ALG-STPP NPs displayed significant antitumor activity compared with the free curcumin. Gene expression level analyses showed that curcumin NPs significantly increased the apoptotic gene expression. Collectively, our results suggest that curcumin-loaded NPs significantly suppressed proliferation and promoted the induction of apoptosis in human cervical epithelioid carcinoma cancer cells, which might be regarded as an effective alternative strategy for cancer therapy.

Induction of apoptosis in HeLa cancer cells by an ultrasonic-mediated synthesis of curcumin-loaded chitosan–alginate–STPP nanoparticles

Science.gov (United States)

Ahmadi, Fatemeh; Ghasemi-Kasman, Maryam; Ghasemi, Shahram; Gholamitabar Tabari, Maryam; Pourbagher, Roghayeh; Kazemi, Sohrab; Alinejad-Mir, Ali

2017-01-01

Natural herbal compounds have been widely introduced as an alternative therapeutic approach in cancer therapy. Despite potent anticancer activity of curcumin, its clinical application has been limited because of low water solubility and resulting poor bioavailability. In this study, we designed a novel ultrasonic-assisted method for the synthesis of curcumin-loaded chitosan–alginate–sodium tripolyphosphate nanoparticles (CS-ALG-STPP NPs). Furthermore, antitumor effect of curcumin-loaded NPs was evaluated in vitro. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the properties of NPs. Antitumor activity of curcumin-loaded NPs was assessed by using MTT and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). FE-SEM and AFM data revealed the spherical morphology, and the average size of NPs was curcumin-loaded CS-ALG-STPP NPs displayed significant antitumor activity compared with the free curcumin. Gene expression level analyses showed that curcumin NPs significantly increased the apoptotic gene expression. Collectively, our results suggest that curcumin-loaded NPs significantly suppressed proliferation and promoted the induction of apoptosis in human cervical epithelioid carcinoma cancer cells, which might be regarded as an effective alternative strategy for cancer therapy. PMID:29238191

A microRNA feedback loop regulates global microRNA abundance during aging.

Science.gov (United States)

Inukai, Sachi; Pincus, Zachary; de Lencastre, Alexandre; Slack, Frank J

2018-02-01

Expression levels of many microRNAs (miRNAs) change during aging, notably declining globally in a number of organisms and tissues across taxa. However, little is known about the mechanisms or the biological relevance for this change. We investigated the network of genes that controls miRNA transcription and processing during C. elegans aging. We found that miRNA biogenesis genes are highly networked with transcription factors and aging-associated miRNAs. In particular, miR-71, known to influence life span and itself up-regulated during aging, represses alg-1 /Argonaute expression post-transcriptionally during aging. Increased ALG-1 abundance in mir-71 loss-of-function mutants led to globally increased miRNA expression. Interestingly, these mutants demonstrated widespread mRNA expression dysregulation and diminished levels of variability both in gene expression and in overall life span. Thus, the progressive molecular decline often thought to be the result of accumulated damage over an organism's life may be partially explained by a miRNA-directed mechanism of age-associated decline. © 2018 Inukai et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the RNA Society.

A Molecular Mechanism to Regulate Lysosome Motility for Lysosome Positioning and Tubulation

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Xinran; Rydzewski, Nicholas; Hider, Ahmad; Zhang, Xiaoli; Yang, Junsheng; Wang, Wuyang; Gao, Qiong; Cheng, Xiping; Xu, Haoxing

2016-01-01

To mediate the degradation of bio-macromolecules, lysosomes must traffic towards cargo-carrying vesicles for subsequent membrane fusion or fission. Mutations of the lysosomal Ca2+ channel TRPML1 cause lysosome storage disease (LSD) characterized by disordered lysosomal membrane trafficking in cells. Here we show that TRPML1 activity is required to promote Ca2+-dependent centripetal movement of lysosomes towards the perinuclear region, where autophagosomes accumulate, upon autophagy induction. ALG-2, an EF-hand-containing protein, serves as a lysosomal Ca2+ sensor that associates physically with the minus-end directed dynactin-dynein motor, while PI(3,5)P2, a lysosome-localized phosphoinositide, acts upstream of TRPML1. Furthermore, the PI(3,5)P2-TRPML1-ALG-2-dynein signaling is necessary for lysosome tubulation and reformation. In contrast, the TRPML1 pathway is not required for the perinuclear accumulation of lysosomes observed in many LSDs, which is instead likely caused by secondary cholesterol accumulation that constitutively activates Rab7-RILP-dependent retrograde transport. Collectively, Ca2+ release from lysosomes provides an on-demand mechanism regulating lysosome motility, positioning, and tubulation. PMID:26950892

Presentación de algunos conceptos básicos del cálculo infinitesimal a partir de unos principios no estándar

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de la Torre Cuesta, C.

1999-01-01

Full Text Available En el artículo “A NEW APPROACH TO NONSTANDARD ANALYSIS” del profesor Manuel Suárez Fernández, se dan unos principios no estándar compatibles con los axiomas de la teoría de conjuntos ZFC . Estos principios son: PRINCIPIO 1 : Existe algún número natural no estándar. PRINCIPIO 2: Si n, m son números naturales, n estándar y m no estándar entonces nalgún elemento estándar de A. PRINCIPIO 4: Si r es un real limitado entonces existe un número real estándar que denotamos or y llamamos parte estándar de r, tal que or-r es un infinitésimo. En esta comunicación tras dar la definición no estándar de sucesión regular y de sucesión convergente para sucesiones estándar se demuestran algunas propiedades a partir de los mencionados principios.

Optimization of data analysis for the in vivo neutron activation analysis of aluminum in bone.

Science.gov (United States)

Mohseni, H K; Matysiak, W; Chettle, D R; Byun, S H; Priest, N; Atanackovic, J; Prestwich, W V

2016-10-01

An existing system at McMaster University has been used for the in vivo measurement of aluminum in human bone. Precise and detailed analysis approaches are necessary to determine the aluminum concentration because of the low levels of aluminum found in the bone and the challenges associated with its detection. Phantoms resembling the composition of the human hand with varying concentrations of aluminum were made for testing the system prior to the application to human studies. A spectral decomposition model and a photopeak fitting model involving the inverse-variance weighted mean and a time-dependent analysis were explored to analyze the results and determine the model with the best performance and lowest minimum detection limit. The results showed that the spectral decomposition and the photopeak fitting model with the inverse-variance weighted mean both provided better results compared to the other methods tested. The spectral decomposition method resulted in a marginally lower detection limit (5μg Al/g Ca) compared to the inverse-variance weighted mean (5.2μg Al/g Ca), rendering both equally applicable to human measurements. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Don Andrés Bello y don José Fernández Madrid

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Gabriel Giraldo Jaramillo

1959-05-01

Full Text Available Breve pero intensa fue la amistad de estos dos ilustres grancolombianos durante su residencia en Londres. Fernández Madrid desempeñaba el cargo de Ministro Plenipotenciario de Colombia ante el Gobierno de Su Majestad Británica y Bello estuvo por algún tiempo al frente de la secretaría de dicha misión diplomática.

Transfinite ranges and the local spectrum

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Cho, M.; Harte, R.; Müller, Vladimír

2013-01-01

Roč. 398, č. 1 (2013), s. 403-408 ISSN 0022-247X R&D Projects: GA ČR GA201/09/0473; GA AV ČR IAA100190903 Institutional support: RVO:67985840 Keywords : transfinite ranges * Coeur algébrique * local spectrum Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics Impact factor: 1.119, year: 2013 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022247X12007081

Résultats de recherche | Page 18 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Interventions de recherche rapides de l'International Crisis Group - s'attaquer aux défis en matière de gouvernance et de sécurité. Au cours des derniers mois, des centaines de milliers de citoyens en Algérie, au Maroc et en Tunisie se sont mobilisés pour exiger une plus grande responsabilité et légitimité du gouvernement ...

El derecho a voto de los desplazados internos en Nepal

OpenAIRE

Ghimire, Anita

2007-01-01

Nepal está saliendo de un conflicto y debatiendo el calendario electoral. Los rebeldes maoístas han depuesto las armas y se han unido a la coalición gubernamental. Pero, ¿tendrán las elecciones algún tipo de credibilidad si un gran número de desplazados no puede votar? ¿Qué puede aprender Nepal de las experiencias en otros lugares?.

LE SECTEUR INFORMEL EN ALGERIE : APPROCHES, ACTEURS ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Résumé. Le secteur informel en Algérie est peu étudié de manière directe et .... très diverses que Bernard (1980,1988) a classées en 3 catégories plus ou moins .... sont amenés en raison de l'ambiguïté de la loi et de sa faible appli- cation à ...

2682-IJBCS-Article-Serge Samandoulougou

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

poultry-science-lines-of-xNA.html. Moula N, Antoine-Moussiaux N, Ait Kaki A,. Farnir F, Leroy P. 2012. Comparaison de la qualité des œufs de la race de poule locale Kabyle et de son croisement avec la souche industrielle. Isa-Brown. 10ème Journées des Sciences. Vétérinaires : ENSV, Alger, Algérie. Mourad M, Bah AS, ...

Elementos de Minería.

OpenAIRE

Herrera Herbert, Juan; Pla Ortiz de Urbina, Fernando

2007-01-01

Esta obra es una edición revisada y actualizada de una obra publicada algún tiempo antes y que aborda algunas facetas muy importantes que afectan a la industria minera moderna como son el drenaje de las explotaciones mineras y su afección a las aguas, la seguridad y salud en minería y, finalmente, las consideraciones medioambientales y el desarrollo minero sostenible.

Évolution des partis politiques dans le monde arabe | Page 5 | IDRC ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Cette subvention permettra au Lebanese Center for Policy Studies (LCPS) de se pencher sur l'évolution des partis politiques dans six pays arabes (l'Algérie, Bahreïn, l'Irak, le Liban, le Maroc et le Yémen) où le gouvernement a pris des mesures encourageantes en faveur de la démocratisation ou démontre une certaine ...

Notas Ornitológicas Colombianas, IV

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Dugand Armando

1948-06-01

Full Text Available La lista siguiente, cuarta en la serte de mis notas ornitológicas colombianas (*, contiene noticias de algún interés relativas a elementos propios de la avifauna de Colombia y a varias especies migratorias que se encuentran de manera temporal en el territorio de este país. En total, 178 especies y subespecies se enumeran en este trabajo.

Les catastrophes naturelles présentent une menace pour les ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

toufik

L'événement sismique a été simulé en utilisant le catalogue algérien des failles actives. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les constructions les plus endommagées sont celles qui reposent sur des sols meubles. Mots-clés : SIG, risque sismique, probabilité de dommages, courbes de fragilité, Hazus. Abstract. Use of a GIS ...

La performance economique de la filiere tomate industrielle en Algerie

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Dans ce papier, on rend compte de l'évolution de la filière "tomates industrielles" en Algérie. On y montre d'abord que la production de tomates industrielles, depuis 1970, a connu un taux de croissance significatif, dépassant largement le taux de croissance démographique. Le taux a cependant été négatif en moyenne au ...

Alergia y parasitosis intestinal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos A. Urueta

1945-03-01

Full Text Available Desde hace algún tiempo había deseado la oportunidad de ponerme en contacto contigo, para comunicarte un tema de tu afición a la parasitología humana y que se me ocurre a mí que se ha estudiado por aquí. Me refiero a las relaciones de la alergia con las parasitosis humanas, especialmente las intestinales.

5 LE STATUT DE LA MONNAIE ET DES INSTITUTIONS DE SA ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

des institutions de sa gestion (Banque centrale et Trésor). L'argumen- .... Mondiale) 2 accordent à l'Algérie pour ses performances en matière de croissance. ... Cela est en parfait accord avec la nature de l'économie de rente dans la mesure ..... échapper à tout contrôle et à toute imposition, les signes monétaires passent ...

Large rectification magnetoresistance in nonmagnetic Al/Ge/Al heterojunctions

OpenAIRE

Zhang, Kun; Li, Huan-huan; Grünberg, Peter; Li, Qiang; Ye, Sheng-tao; Tian, Yu-feng; Yan, Shi-shen; Lin, Zhao-jun; Kang, Shi-shou; Chen, Yan-xue; Liu, Guo-lei; Mei, and Liang-mo

2015-01-01

Magnetoresistance and rectification are two fundamental physical properties of heterojunctions and respectively have wide applications in spintronics devices. Being different from the well known various magnetoresistance effects, here we report a brand new large magnetoresistance that can be regarded as rectification magnetoresistance: the application of a pure small sinusoidal alternating-current to the nonmagnetic Al/Ge Schottky heterojunctions can generate a significant direct-current volt...

97 Etude éco-biologique d'Artémia salina des zones humides de l ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Grenelle

l'aviculture de poissons marins [1]. En Algérie, les travaux effectués sur ce crustacé sont relativement rares. Dans le présent ..... dépassent pour certains les normes établies par l'OMS, ce qui peut provoquer le comportement et la dynamique de la reproduction de l'Artémia salina, sans oublier aussi l'action anthropique qui ...

Chondrogenesis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in highly porous alginate-foams supplemented with chondroitin sulfate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang, Zhao; Nooeaid, Patcharakamon; Kohl, Benjamin; Roether, Judith A.; Schubert, Dirk W.; Meier, Carola; Boccaccini, Aldo R.; Godkin, Owen; Ertel, Wolfgang; Arens, Stephan; Schulze-Tanzil, Gundula

2015-01-01

To overcome the limited intrinsic cartilage repair, autologous chondrocyte or bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (BM-MSC) was implanted into cartilage defects. For this purpose suitable biocompatible scaffolds are needed to provide cell retention, chondrogenesis and initial mechanical stability. The present study should indicate whether a recently developed highly porous alginate (Alg) foam scaffold supplemented with chondroitin sulfate (CS) allows the attachment, survival and chondrogenesis of BM-MSCs and articular chondrocytes. The foams were prepared using a freeze-drying method; some of them were supplemented with CS and subsequently characterized for porosity, biodegradation and mechanical profile. BM-MSCs were cultured for 1–2 weeks on the scaffold either under chondrogenic or maintenance conditions. Cell vitality assays, histology, glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) assay, and type II and I collagen immunolabelings were performed to monitor cell growth and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in the scaffolds. Scaffolds had a high porosity ~ 93–95% with a mean pore sizes of 237 ± 48 μm (Alg) and 197 ± 61 μm (Alg/CS). Incorporation of CS increased mechanical strength of the foams providing gradually CS release over 7 days. Most of the cells survived in the scaffolds. BM-MSCs and articular chondrocytes formed rounded clusters within the scaffold pores. The BM-MSCs, irrespective of whether cultured under non/chondrogenic conditions and chondrocytes produced an ECM containing sGAGs, and types II and I collagen. Total collagen and sGAG contents were higher in differentiated BM-MSC cultures supplemented with CS than in CS-free foams after 14 days. The cell cluster formation induced by the scaffolds might stimulate chondrogenesis via initial intense cell–cell contacts. - Highlights: • Alginate foam scaffolds revealed a high porosity and mean pore size of 197–237 μm. • Chondroitin sulfate was released over 14 days by the scaffolds. • Chondrocytes

Chondrogenesis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in highly porous alginate-foams supplemented with chondroitin sulfate

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huang, Zhao [Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin-Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin (Germany); Nooeaid, Patcharakamon [Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (Germany); Kohl, Benjamin [Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin-Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin (Germany); Roether, Judith A.; Schubert, Dirk W. [Institute of Polymer Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (Germany); Meier, Carola [Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin-Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin (Germany); Boccaccini, Aldo R. [Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (Germany); Godkin, Owen; Ertel, Wolfgang; Arens, Stephan [Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin-Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin (Germany); Schulze-Tanzil, Gundula, E-mail: gundula.schulze@pmu.ac.at [Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin-Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin (Germany); Institute of Anatomy, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg (Germany)

2015-05-01

To overcome the limited intrinsic cartilage repair, autologous chondrocyte or bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (BM-MSC) was implanted into cartilage defects. For this purpose suitable biocompatible scaffolds are needed to provide cell retention, chondrogenesis and initial mechanical stability. The present study should indicate whether a recently developed highly porous alginate (Alg) foam scaffold supplemented with chondroitin sulfate (CS) allows the attachment, survival and chondrogenesis of BM-MSCs and articular chondrocytes. The foams were prepared using a freeze-drying method; some of them were supplemented with CS and subsequently characterized for porosity, biodegradation and mechanical profile. BM-MSCs were cultured for 1–2 weeks on the scaffold either under chondrogenic or maintenance conditions. Cell vitality assays, histology, glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) assay, and type II and I collagen immunolabelings were performed to monitor cell growth and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in the scaffolds. Scaffolds had a high porosity ~ 93–95% with a mean pore sizes of 237 ± 48 μm (Alg) and 197 ± 61 μm (Alg/CS). Incorporation of CS increased mechanical strength of the foams providing gradually CS release over 7 days. Most of the cells survived in the scaffolds. BM-MSCs and articular chondrocytes formed rounded clusters within the scaffold pores. The BM-MSCs, irrespective of whether cultured under non/chondrogenic conditions and chondrocytes produced an ECM containing sGAGs, and types II and I collagen. Total collagen and sGAG contents were higher in differentiated BM-MSC cultures supplemented with CS than in CS-free foams after 14 days. The cell cluster formation induced by the scaffolds might stimulate chondrogenesis via initial intense cell–cell contacts. - Highlights: • Alginate foam scaffolds revealed a high porosity and mean pore size of 197–237 μm. • Chondroitin sulfate was released over 14 days by the scaffolds. • Chondrocytes

PERCEPTIONS OF ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE WHICH TEACHERS EMPLOYED IN PRIVATE TEACHING CENTER ÖZEL DERSHANELERDE GÖREV YAPAN ÖĞRETMENLERİN ÖRGÜTSEL ADALET ALGILARI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mustafa YAVUZ

2012-06-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this study is to determine the variables that predict perceptions of organizational justice which teachers employed in private teaching center (private institutions preparing students for university entrance examinations have and identify the relationship between perceptions of organizational justice which employees have and their demographic characteristics. The study is of general survey model. The population of the study consists of teachers employed in private teaching center in the Central Anatolia Region in 2008-2009 academic year. The study sample, on the other hand, includes 404 randomly selected teachers who are employed in private teaching center in the provinces of Ankara, Konya, Aksaray, Kayseri and Nevşehir. The research findingsindicate that variables of social security and job security are predictors of employees’ perceptions of organizational justice. Bu araştırmanın amacı, özel dershanelerde görev yapan öğretmenlerin örgütsel adalet algılamalarını yordayan değişkenlerin tespit edilmesi ve çalışanların örgütsel adalet algılamaları ile demografik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Araştırma genel tarama modelindedir. Araştırmanın evrenini İç Anadolu bölgesindeki dershanelerde çalışan öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi ise; tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen Ankara, Konya, Aksaray, Kayseri ve Nevşehir illerindeki dershanelerde görev yapan 404 öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın bulguları, sosyal güvenlik ve iş güvencesi değişkenlerinin çalışanların örgütsel adalet algılamalarının yordayıcısı olduğunu göstermektedir.

L'insuffisance renale chronique terminale en Algerie: Aspects ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... maladie occasionne en termes d'activité économique. L'objectif de cet article est triple. Il s'agit d'abord d'analyser les données épidémiologiques algériennes sur l'IRCT. Puis, nous procéderons à une évaluation du coût hospitalier de la prise en charge d'un insuffisant rénal chronique au stade terminal au niveau du CHU ...

Interventions de recherche rapides de l'International Crisis Group - s ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Au cours des derniers mois, des centaines de milliers de citoyens en Algérie, au Maroc et en Tunisie se sont mobilisés pour exiger une plus grande responsabilité et légitimité du gouvernement. Les gens ont manifesté dans les rues, souvent au péril de leur vie, pour exiger la démission de dirigeants de régimes autoritaires.

Polinomios de tschebysheff

OpenAIRE

Takeuchi, Yu

2012-01-01

En la matemática pura y aplicada se usan varios polinomios, por ejemplo, los polinomios de Legendre Pn(x), los polinomios de Hermite Hn(x), los polinomios de L aguerre Ln(x), los polinomios de Jacobi Gn(x), los polinomios de Tschebysbeff Tn (x), los polinomios de LommeI Rn(x) etc. y todos ellos están estrechamente relacionados con algún tipo de ecuaciones diferenciales de segundo orden.

ANALYSE DES MODES DE GESTION DES ENTREPRISES ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Administrateur

va définir, jusqu'à nos jours, les modes de gestion de l'entreprise théâtrale publique en Algérie. Les émeutes de 1988 avaient mis fin au socialisme et avaient, pour l'occasion, ouvert la porte au multipartisme et à l'économie de marché. Une crise économique s'en était suivie mettant l'économie nationale en grande difficulté ...

49 Évolution de la pollution des eaux de l'Oued El Mellah (Djelfa ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AKA BOKO

La steppe Algérienne couvre une superficie de 20 millions d'hectares, en plus du manque des ressources en eaux que connaît ce domaine, vient s'ajouter le phénomène de pollution. La croissance démographique et urbaine importante de la ville de Djelfa accroît les quantités de rejets d'eaux usées dans l'oued El Mellah.

Impact de l'activité anthropique sur la dégradation de l ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2Département de géologie, Université Ibn Khaldoun, 14000, Tiaret, Algérie. 3. Département .... Figure 1. Localisation géographique de la région d'étude. ... que cette situation est attribuée au .... ville d'El Kala et (O-e) à coté du village. Mellah, ses .... souterraines au nord de la ville de Settat (Maroc), Bulletin de l'institut ...

Etude de l'activité antibactérienne des huiles essentielles de la ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Le recours aux plantes médicinales constitue alors une des plus intéressantes pistes à explorer ; c‟est dans cette perspective que nous nous sommes intéressés à l‟étude de l‟activité antibactérienne des feuilles de la Sauge officinale (Salvia officinalis L.) de la région du nord-est Algérien. Dans cette étude, nous avons ...

Angioma de iris: a propósito de un caso

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José L. Torres-Peña

2017-07-01

Discusión: Sintomáticamente lo más frecuente en los angiomas de iris es el hifema transitorio como pudo presentar nuestro paciente, aunque también se ha descrito aumentos de la presión intraocular producto de los hifemas de repetición en algún caso aislado. El manejo habitual es la observación aunque algunos casos requieren resección quirúrgica.

Decentralization, Counterinsurgency and Conflict Recurrence: A Study of the Tuareg Uprisings in Mali and Niger

Science.gov (United States)

2012-12-01

Accord d’Alger: Une remise en cause selon un journal malien,” Algeria watch: informations sur la situation des droits humain en Algérie, last updated...affected by the rebellion and imposed a curfew in the regional capital . On August 24 67 “Niger Human...prior to the MNLA assault.96 The central government in Bamako must capitalize on the MNLA’s current situation, enlisting their assistance in

the effect of high temperatures on concrete incorporating ultrafine ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Benkaddour M, Senhadji Y, Kazi Aoual F and Semcha A

1 mai 2016 ... ... CEM II/A 42,5 MPa de la cimenterie LAFARGE de Oggaz (Ouest. Algérien). Ses caractéristiques chimiques, minéralogiques et physiques sont présentées dans les tableaux 1, 2 et 3 respectivement. Tableau 1. Analyse chimique du ciment. Les composants. CaO. SiO2. Al2O3. Fe2O3. MgO SO3. Perte au.

De sirenas y sirenios

OpenAIRE

Morrone, Juan José; Fortino, Adrián D.

1996-01-01

¿Por qué los relatos acerca de sirenas serán tan frecuentes entre los marinos de las más diversas culturas? ¿Existirán estas criaturas? ¿Serán fruto de creencias o mitos conservados desde épocas pretéritas? O tal vez, ¿se tratará de interpretaciones fantásticas surgidas de algún ser real? Fundación Museo La Plata

LES RESERVES OBLIGATOIRES A TAUX DIFFERENCIES ET ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Administrateur

s'agit donc de mesurer l'efficacité de cette réserve dans son effet quantité: contenir l'inflation par le contrôle de la base monétaire. L'instrument est ..... perturbations majeures dans la gestion des de liquidités sur le marché interbancaire et ...... performance économique: Le cas de la Banque d'Algérie», actes du colloque ...

Algérie : tous les projets | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Sujet: GRASSLANDS, PASTORALISTS, Livestock, SOIL DEGRADATION, LAND MANAGEMENT, LAND ... sur les aspects de la santé humaine touchés par la quantité et la qualité de l'eau ... Évolution des partis politiques dans le monde arabe.

Accès aux technologies en Algérie: imposition ou appropriation ?

African Journals Online (AJOL)

attribuer cette différence d'inventivité entre, d'une part, des organisations ..... plupart de type familial, avec un mode de gestion patriarcal qui s'apparente davantage .... système de performance social articulé à ces technologies, défini dans et ...

La desigualdad social en el nivel medio superior de educación de la Ciudad de México

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Emilio BLANCO

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El acceso y la finalización del nivel medio superior de educación son dos eventos educativos cruciales y relativamente poco estudiados en México. Mediante los resultados de una encuesta retrospectiva realizada a jóvenes entre 18 y 29 años de la Ciudad de México en 2010, este artículo analiza detalladamente estos eventos y sus condicionantes. Los resultados muestran que la transición del nivel secundario al medio superior todavía está lejos de ser universal, que los jóvenes de sectores sociales bajos tienen mucha menor probabilidad de experimentarla y que la razón principal sería que los propios estudiantes deciden no intentarlo. Asimismo, un análisis de regresión logística sobre la probabilidad de finalizar el nivel medio superior reveló que otros factores tienen una incidencia significativa, además del origen social. Entre ellos destacan el tipo de escuela de educación media superior, el haber trabajado en algún momento antes de los 19 años y el haber tenido un hijo en algún momento antes de los 20 años de edad.

Automated Expansion of Primary Human T Cells in Scalable and Cell-Friendly Hydrogel Microtubes for Adoptive Immunotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Lin, Haishuang; Li, Qiang; Wang, Ou; Rauch, Jack; Harm, Braden; Viljoen, Hendrik J; Zhang, Chi; Van Wyk, Erika; Zhang, Chi; Lei, Yuguo

2018-05-11

Adoptive immunotherapy is a highly effective strategy for treating many human cancers, such as melanoma, cervical cancer, lymphoma, and leukemia. Here, a novel cell culture technology is reported for expanding primary human T cells for adoptive immunotherapy. T cells are suspended and cultured in microscale alginate hydrogel tubes (AlgTubes) that are suspended in the cell culture medium in a culture vessel. The hydrogel tubes protect cells from hydrodynamic stresses and confine the cell mass less than 400 µm (in radial diameter) to ensure efficient mass transport, creating a cell-friendly microenvironment for growing T cells. This system is simple, scalable, highly efficient, defined, cost-effective, and compatible with current good manufacturing practices. Under optimized culture conditions, the AlgTubes enable culturing T cells with high cell viability, low DNA damage, high growth rate (≈320-fold expansion over 14 days), high purity (≈98% CD3+), and high yield (≈3.2 × 10 8 cells mL -1 hydrogel). All offer considerable advantages compared to current T cell culturing approaches. This new culture technology can significantly reduce the culture volume, time, and cost, while increasing the production. © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.