Nature of ergastic substances in some Poaceae seeds | Idu | African ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Seeds of 48 species of Poaceae were examined for the presence of alkaloid, protein, fats and oil, inulin, starch and tannins. All taxa investigated indicated the presence of starch, fats and oils and protein and were devoid of tannins and inulin. Only 12 seed samples indicated the presence of alkaloids. The Positively ...

Chemotaxonomy as a tool for interpreting the cryptic diversity of Poaceae pollen

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Julier, A.C.M.; Jardine, P.E.; Coe, A.L.; Gosling, W.D.; Lomax, B.H.; Fraser, W.T.

2016-01-01

The uniform morphology of different species of Poaceae (grass) pollen means that identification to below family level using light microscopy is extremely challenging. Poor taxonomic resolution reduces recoverable information from the grass pollen record, for example, species diversity and

Retórica contrastiva y enseñanza del discurso formal en lenguas afines

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Pilar Robles Garrote

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE El presente artículo trata de evidenciar la utilidad de la retórica contrastiva en la enseñanza del discurso formal en lenguas afines, aportando algunos datos empíricos obtenidos en un análisis lingüístico cuyo objetivo principal es determinar los puntos en común y divergencias encontradas en algunos recursos estilísticos propios del lenguaje formal en lengua española e italiana. Es un estudio de carácter exploratorio realizado a partir de un corpus oral de conferencias dictadas en lengua española e italiana por oradores nativos. Tras analizar y comparar los recursos estilísticos utilizados por los informantes (preguntas, ejemplos, citas y reiteraciones, los resultados revelan que, si bien los recursos del discurso oral formal encontrados en las conferencias analizadas poseen características análogas, existen divergencias entre estas dos lenguas afines que pueden confluir en una percepción distinta del aspecto pragmático.

Plastid phylogenomics of the cool-season grass subfamily: clarification of relationships among early-diverging tribes.

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Saarela, Jeffery M; Wysocki, William P; Barrett, Craig F; Soreng, Robert J; Davis, Jerrold I; Clark, Lynn G; Kelchner, Scot A; Pires, J Chris; Edger, Patrick P; Mayfield, Dustin R; Duvall, Melvin R

2015-05-04

Whole plastid genomes are being sequenced rapidly from across the green plant tree of life, and phylogenetic analyses of these are increasing resolution and support for relationships that have varied among or been unresolved in earlier single- and multi-gene studies. Pooideae, the cool-season grass lineage, is the largest of the 12 grass subfamilies and includes important temperate cereals, turf grasses and forage species. Although numerous studies of the phylogeny of the subfamily have been undertaken, relationships among some 'early-diverging' tribes conflict among studies, and some relationships among subtribes of Poeae have not yet been resolved. To address these issues, we newly sequenced 25 whole plastomes, which showed rearrangements typical of Poaceae. These plastomes represent 9 tribes and 11 subtribes of Pooideae, and were analysed with 20 existing plastomes for the subfamily. Maximum likelihood (ML), maximum parsimony (MP) and Bayesian inference (BI) robustly resolve most deep relationships in the subfamily. Complete plastome data provide increased nodal support compared with protein-coding data alone at nodes that are not maximally supported. Following the divergence of Brachyelytrum, Phaenospermateae, Brylkinieae-Meliceae and Ampelodesmeae-Stipeae are the successive sister groups of the rest of the subfamily. Ampelodesmeae are nested within Stipeae in the plastome trees, consistent with its hybrid origin between a phaenospermatoid and a stipoid grass (the maternal parent). The core Pooideae are strongly supported and include Brachypodieae, a Bromeae-Triticeae clade and Poeae. Within Poeae, a novel sister group relationship between Phalaridinae and Torreyochloinae is found, and the relative branching order of this clade and Aveninae, with respect to an Agrostidinae-Brizinae clade, are discordant between MP and ML/BI trees. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses strongly support Airinae and Holcinae as the successive sister groups of a Dactylidinae

A 250 plastome phylogeny of the grass family (Poaceae): topological support under different data partitions

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Burke, Sean V.; Wysocki, William P.; Clark, Lynn G.

2018-01-01

The systematics of grasses has advanced through applications of plastome phylogenomics, although studies have been largely limited to subfamilies or other subgroups of Poaceae. Here we present a plastome phylogenomic analysis of 250 complete plastomes (179 genera) sampled from 44 of the 52 tribes of Poaceae. Plastome sequences were determined from high throughput sequencing libraries and the assemblies represent over 28.7 Mbases of sequence data. Phylogenetic signal was characterized in 14 partitions, including (1) complete plastomes; (2) protein coding regions; (3) noncoding regions; and (4) three loci commonly used in single and multi-gene studies of grasses. Each of the four main partitions was further refined, alternatively including or excluding positively selected codons and also the gaps introduced by the alignment. All 76 protein coding plastome loci were found to be predominantly under purifying selection, but specific codons were found to be under positive selection in 65 loci. The loci that have been widely used in multi-gene phylogenetic studies had among the highest proportions of positively selected codons, suggesting caution in the interpretation of these earlier results. Plastome phylogenomic analyses confirmed the backbone topology for Poaceae with maximum bootstrap support (BP). Among the 14 analyses, 82 clades out of 309 resolved were maximally supported in all trees. Analyses of newly sequenced plastomes were in agreement with current classifications. Five of seven partitions in which alignment gaps were removed retrieved Panicoideae as sister to the remaining PACMAD subfamilies. Alternative topologies were recovered in trees from partitions that included alignment gaps. This suggests that ambiguities in aligning these uncertain regions might introduce a false signal. Resolution of these and other critical branch points in the phylogeny of Poaceae will help to better understand the selective forces that drove the radiation of the BOP and PACMAD

Anatomia foliar como subsídio à taxonomia de espécies do Complexo Briza L. (Poaceae: Pooideae: Poeae Leaf anatomy as a taxonomic tool for Briza Complex species (Poaceae: Pooideae: Poeae

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Carla Maria Garlet de Pelegrin

2009-09-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a importância da anatomia foliar, visando a fornecer subsídios para a taxonomia do Complexo Briza, cuja circunscrição vem sendo objeto de discussão. Porções medianas da segunda folha abaixo da inflorescência de 21 táxons do Complexo Briza e um de Erianthecium Parodi foram coletadas, fixadas e processadas de acordo com a metodologia usual em microscopia óptica. Todas as espécies estudadas apresentam padrão anatômico festucóide, característico de gramíneas C3. Os resultados mostram que os caracteres da face abaxial da epiderme relativos à presença/ausência de células suberosas e à forma dos corpos silicosos são úteis para compreender as relações taxonômicas no Complexo Briza, distinguindo as espécies eurasiáticas das americanas. Da mesma forma, alguns caracteres da secção transversal da lâmina foliar como forma da lâmina, quantidade de esclerênquima e estrutura do mesofilo. Por outro lado, com relação às espécies americanas do Complexo Briza, os três agrupamentos aqui obtidos não correspondem a nenhuma proposta anterior de categorias taxonômicas genéricas ou infragenéricas.The aim of this study was to analyze leaf anatomy of selected taxa of the Briza Complex and also of a related genus, Erianthecium Parodi, to provide data for the taxonomy of the Complex, whose circumscription is being discussed. Middle portions of the second leaf below the inflorescence of 21 taxa of the Briza Complex and of Erianthecium bulbosum were collected, fixed and processed according to conventional methodology for light microscopy. All species present anatomical patterns typical of festucoid and C3 grasses. The results suggest that the characters of the abaxial surface of the epidermis such as presence/absence of cork cells and shape of silica bodies are useful for understanding the taxonomic relationships within the Briza Complex, distinguishing Eurasiatic species from American species. The same applies to several characters of the leaf blade in cross-section, e.g. blade shape, amount of sclerenchyma and structure of the mesophyll. On the other hand, in the American species of the "Briza Complex", the three groups obtained here do not agree with any previous proposal of generic or infrageneric taxonomic categories.

O gênero Chloris (Poaceae) em Pernambuco, Brasil

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Maciel, Jefferson Rodrigues; Silva, Wegliane Campelo da; Costa-e-Silva, Maria Bernadete

2013-01-01

Com o objetivo de colaborar com o conhecimento da riqueza de Poaceae em Pernambuco, foi estudado o gênero Chloris Sw. As coletas foram realizadas no estado, bem como dados foram coligidos de levantamento em herbários da região. Foram registradas sete espécies de Chloris em Pernambuco: C. barbata Sw., C. elata Desv., C. exilis Renv., C. gayana Kunth, C. orthonoton Döll, C. pycnothrix Trin. e C. virgata Sw. O gênero apresenta distribuição ampla em todas as zonas fitogeográficas do estado. Chlor...

Molecular, phylogenetic and comparative genomic analysis of the cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase gene family in the Poaceae.

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Mameaux, Sabine; Cockram, James; Thiel, Thomas; Steuernagel, Burkhard; Stein, Nils; Taudien, Stefan; Jack, Peter; Werner, Peter; Gray, John C; Greenland, Andy J; Powell, Wayne

2012-01-01

The genomes of cereals such as wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) are large and therefore problematic for the map-based cloning of agronomicaly important traits. However, comparative approaches within the Poaceae permit transfer of molecular knowledge between species, despite their divergence from a common ancestor sixty million years ago. The finding that null variants of the rice gene cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase 2 (OsCKX2) result in large yield increases provides an opportunity to explore whether similar gains could be achieved in other Poaceae members. Here, phylogenetic, molecular and comparative analyses of CKX families in the sequenced grass species rice, brachypodium, sorghum, maize and foxtail millet, as well as members identified from the transcriptomes/genomes of wheat and barley, are presented. Phylogenetic analyses define four Poaceae CKX clades. Comparative analyses showed that CKX phylogenetic groupings can largely be explained by a combination of local gene duplication, and the whole-genome duplication event that predates their speciation. Full-length OsCKX2 homologues in barley (HvCKX2.1, HvCKX2.2) and wheat (TaCKX2.3, TaCKX2.4, TaCKX2.5) are characterized, with comparative analysis at the DNA, protein and genetic/physical map levels suggesting that true CKX2 orthologs have been identified. Furthermore, our analysis shows CKX2 genes in barley and wheat have undergone a Triticeae-specific gene-duplication event. Finally, by identifying ten of the eleven CKX genes predicted to be present in barley by comparative analyses, we show that next-generation sequencing approaches can efficiently determine the gene space of large-genome crops. Together, this work provides the foundation for future functional investigation of CKX family members within the Poaceae. © 2011 National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB). Plant Biotechnology Journal © 2011 Society for Experimental Biology, Association of Applied Biologists and Blackwell

Disentangling the effects of feedback structure and climate on Poaceae annual airborne pollen fluctuations and the possible consequences of climate change.

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García de León, David; García-Mozo, Herminia; Galán, Carmen; Alcázar, Purificación; Lima, Mauricio; González-Andújar, José L

2015-10-15

Pollen allergies are the most common form of respiratory allergic disease in Europe. Most studies have emphasized the role of environmental processes, as the drivers of airborne pollen fluctuations, implicitly considering pollen production as a random walk. This work shows that internal self-regulating processes of the plants (negative feedback) should be included in pollen dynamic systems in order to give a better explanation of the observed pollen temporal patterns. This article proposes a novel methodological approach based on dynamic systems to investigate the interaction between feedback structure of plant populations and climate in shaping long-term airborne Poaceae pollen fluctuations and to quantify the effects of climate change on future airborne pollen concentrations. Long-term historical airborne Poaceae pollen data (30 years) from Cordoba city (Southern Spain) were analyzed. A set of models, combining feedback structure, temperature and actual evapotranspiration effects on airborne Poaceae pollen were built and compared, using a model selection approach. Our results highlight the importance of first-order negative feedback and mean annual maximum temperature in driving airborne Poaceae pollen dynamics. The best model was used to predict the effects of climate change under two standardized scenarios representing contrasting temporal patterns of economic development and CO2 emissions. Our results predict an increase in pollen levels in southern Spain by 2070 ranging from 28.5% to 44.3%. The findings from this study provide a greater understanding of airborne pollen dynamics and how climate change might impact the future evolution of airborne Poaceae pollen concentrations and thus the future evolution of related pollen allergies. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Novo volume do MACA – Magazine de Arte de Coimbra & Afins

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Ricardo Pinto

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Será lançado em final de Abril de 2010 o nono número do Magazine de Arte de Coimbra e Afins. O MACA é uma revista quadrimestral, fundada em 2008, com distribuição nacional e propriedade da Associação Cultural de Música e Teatro Arte à Parte. Tem vindo a afirmar‑se em diferentes cenas e circuitos do panorama cultural e artístico da cidade e do país, procurando impulsionar a reflexão, o ensaio e a crítica de arte e cultura – eventos, exposições, música, teatro, literatura –, nas suas expressões...

Complete chloroplast genome sequence of common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) and comparative analysis within the family Poaceae.

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Huang, Ya-Yi; Cho, Shu-Ting; Haryono, Mindia; Kuo, Chih-Horng

2017-01-01

Common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) belongs to the subfamily Chloridoideae of the Poaceae family, one of the most important plant families ecologically and economically. This grass has a long connection with human culture but its systematics is relatively understudied. In this study, we sequenced and investigated the chloroplast genome of common bermudagrass, which is 134,297 bp in length with two single copy regions (LSC: 79,732 bp; SSC: 12,521 bp) and a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions (21,022 bp). The annotation contains a total of 128 predicted genes, including 82 protein-coding, 38 tRNA, and 8 rRNA genes. Additionally, our in silico analyses identified 10 sets of repeats longer than 20 bp and predicted the presence of 36 RNA editing sites. Overall, the chloroplast genome of common bermudagrass resembles those from other Poaceae lineages. Compared to most angiosperms, the accD gene and the introns of both clpP and rpoC1 genes are missing. Additionally, the ycf1, ycf2, ycf15, and ycf68 genes are pseudogenized and two genome rearrangements exist. Our phylogenetic analysis based on 47 chloroplast protein-coding genes supported the placement of common bermudagrass within Chloridoideae. Our phylogenetic character mapping based on the parsimony principle further indicated that the loss of the accD gene and clpP introns, the pseudogenization of four ycf genes, and the two rearrangements occurred only once after the most recent common ancestor of the Poaceae diverged from other monocots, which could explain the unusual long branch leading to the Poaceae when phylogeny is inferred based on chloroplast sequences.

Potential biological control agents for management of cogongrass (Cyperales: Poaceae) in the southeastern USA

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Cogongrass, Imperata cylindrica (L.) Palisot de Beauvois (Cyperales: Poaceae), is a noxious invasive weed in the southeastern USA. Surveys for potential biological control agents of cogongrass were conducted in Asia and East Africa from 2013 to 2016. Several insect herbivores were found that may hav...

Assessing universality of DNA barcoding in geographically isolated selected desert medicinal species of Fabaceae and Poaceae

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Hussain, Fatma; Ahmed, Nisar; Ghorbani, Abdolbaset

2018-01-01

In pursuit of developing fast and accurate species-level molecular identification methods, we tested six DNA barcodes, namely ITS2, matK, rbcLa, ITS2+matK, ITS2+rbcLa, matK+rbcLa and ITS2+matK+rbcLa, for their capacity to identify frequently consumed but geographically isolated medicinal species of Fabaceae and Poaceae indigenous to the desert of Cholistan. Data were analysed by BLASTn sequence similarity, pairwise sequence divergence in TAXONDNA, and phylogenetic (neighbour-joining and maximum-likelihood trees) methods. Comparison of six barcode regions showed that ITS2 has the highest number of variable sites (209/360) for tested Fabaceae and (106/365) Poaceae species, the highest species-level identification (40%) in BLASTn procedure, distinct DNA barcoding gap, 100% correct species identification in BM and BCM functions of TAXONDNA, and clear cladding pattern with high nodal support in phylogenetic trees in both families. ITS2+matK+rbcLa followed ITS2 in its species-level identification capacity. The study was concluded with advocating the DNA barcoding as an effective tool for species identification and ITS2 as the best barcode region in identifying medicinal species of Fabaceae and Poaceae. Current research has practical implementation potential in the fields of pharmaco-vigilance, trade of medicinal plants and biodiversity conservation. PMID:29576968

Relevance of Allergenic Sensitization to Cynodon dactylon and Phragmites communis: Cross-reactivity With Pooideae Grasses.

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López-Matas, M A; Moya, R; Cardona, V; Valero, A; Gaig, P; Malet, A; Viñas, M; García-Moral, A; Labrador, M; Alcoceba, E; Ibero, M; Carnés, J

The homologous group of sweet grasses belongs to the Pooideae subfamily, but grass pollen species from other subfamilies can also cause allergy, such as Cynodon dactylon (Chloridoideae) and Phragmites communis (Arundinoideae). C dactylon and P communis have not been included in the sweet grasses homologous group because of their low cross-reactivity with other grasses. The aims of this study were to investigate the profile of sensitization to C dactylon and P communis in patients sensitized to grasses and to analyze cross-reactivity between these 2 species and temperate grasses. Patients were skin prick tested with a grass mixture (GM). Specific IgE to GM, C dactylon, P communis, Cyn d 1, and Phl p 1 was measured by ImmunoCAP. A pool of sera was used for the immunoblot assays. Cross-reactivity was studied by ELISA and immunoblot inhibition. Thirty patients had sIgE to GM. Twenty-four (80%) had positive results for C dactylon, 27 (90%) for P communis, 22 (73.3%) for nCyn d 1, and 92.9% for rPhl p 1. Bands were detected in the 3 extracts by immunoblot. Inhibition of GM was not observed with C dactylon or P communis by immunoblot or ELISA inhibition. When C dactylon or P communis were used in the solid phase, GM produced almost complete inhibition. Eighty percent of patients sensitized to grasses were also sensitized to C dactylon and 90% were sensitized to P communis. Sensitization to these species seems to be induced by allergens different to those in sweet grasses.

Complete plastid genome sequence of goosegrass (Eleusine indica) and comparison with other Poaceae.

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Zhang, Hui; Hall, Nathan; McElroy, J Scott; Lowe, Elijah K; Goertzen, Leslie R

2017-02-05

Eleusine indica, also known as goosegrass, is a serious weed in at least 42 countries. In this paper we report the complete plastid genome sequence of goosegrass obtained by de novo assembly of paired-end and mate-paired reads generated by Illumina sequencing of total genomic DNA. The goosegrass plastome is a circular molecule of 135,151bp in length, consisting of two single-copy regions separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 20,919 bases. The large (LSC) and the small (SSC) single-copy regions span 80,667 bases and 12,646 bases, respectively. The plastome of goosegrass has 38.19% GC content and includes 108 unique genes, of which 76 are protein-coding, 28 are transfer RNA, and 4 are ribosomal RNA. The goosegrass plastome sequence was compared to eight other species of Poaceae. Although generally conserved with respect to Poaceae, this genomic resource will be useful for evolutionary studies within this weed species and the genus Eleusine. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier B.V.

New records of the Genus Festuca L. (Poaceae for Colombia and Venezuela New records of the Genus Festuca L. (Poaceae for Colombia and Venezuela

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Stancik Daniel

2001-07-01

Full Text Available The genus Festuca L. (Poaceae includes about 350-400 herbaceous species with wide cosmopolitan distribution (Watson & Dallwitz 1992. The center of distribution ofthe genus is in the meadows and steppes of North America and Eurasia. Sorne species are present in Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, and W and SE Africa. High species diversity is found in the pampas of Argentina and the puna of the Andes, with approximately 40 species in Peru (Tovar 1993,30 in Bolivia (Renvoize 1998, and 30 in Argentina (Türpe 1969. So far, 26 native species are known from the páramos of the northern South America; about seven new species from this region will be described soon (author's unpublished data.The genus Festuca L. (Poaceae includes about 350-400 herbaceous species with wide cosmopolitan distribution (Watson & Dallwitz 1992. The center of distribution ofthe genus is in the meadows and steppes of North America and Eurasia. Sorne species are present in Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, and W and SE Africa. High species diversity is found in the pampas of Argentina and the puna of the Andes, with approximately 40 species in Peru (Tovar 1993,30 in Bolivia (Renvoize 1998, and 30 in Argentina (Türpe 1969. So far, 26 native species are known from the páramos of the northern South America; about seven new species from this region will be described soon (author's unpublished data.

Poaceae vs. Abiotic Stress: Focus on Drought and Salt Stress, Recent Insights and Perspectives

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Simone Landi

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Poaceae represent the most important group of crops susceptible to abiotic stress. This large family of monocotyledonous plants, commonly known as grasses, counts several important cultivated species, namely wheat (Triticum aestivum, rice (Oryza sativa, maize (Zea mays, and barley (Hordeum vulgare. These crops, notably, show different behaviors under abiotic stress conditions: wheat and rice are considered sensitive, showing serious yield reduction upon water scarcity and soil salinity, while barley presents a natural drought and salt tolerance. During the green revolution (1940–1960, cereal breeding was very successful in developing high-yield crops varieties; however, these cultivars were maximized for highest yield under optimal conditions, and did not present suitable traits for tolerance under unfavorable conditions. The improvement of crop abiotic stress tolerance requires a deep knowledge of the phenomena underlying tolerance, to devise novel approaches and decipher the key components of agricultural production systems. Approaches to improve food production combining both enhanced water use efficiency (WUE and acceptable yields are critical to create a sustainable agriculture in the future. This paper analyzes the latest results on abiotic stress tolerance in Poaceae. In particular, the focus will be directed toward various aspects of water deprivation and salinity response efficiency in Poaceae. Aspects related to cell wall metabolism will be covered, given the importance of the plant cell wall in sensing environmental constraints and in mediating a response; the role of silicon (Si, an important element for monocots' normal growth and development, will also be discussed, since it activates a broad-spectrum response to different exogenous stresses. Perspectives valorizing studies on landraces conclude the survey, as they help identify key traits for breeding purposes.

Forma de crecimiento en Leptochloa Chloridiformis (Poaceae

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Mariel G. Perreta

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Perreta, M. G., Tivano, J. C. & Vegetti, A. C. 2000. Forma de crecimiento en Leptochloachloridiformis (Poaceae. Darwiniana 38(3-4: 219-226.El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la forma de crecimiento de Leptochloa chloridiformis (Hack.Parodi. En esta especie perenne la ramificación ocurre principalmente a través de yemas axilarespresentes en la zona de innovación. Este sistema de ramificación genera una planta cespitosa, en la cual lasconexiones entre unidades estructurales son rizomas cortos. Dependiendo de su posición estas conexio-nes muestran diferentes tendencias en relación a la desarticulación estructural. En algunas plantas seobservó ramificación en la zona de entrenudos largos posiblemente debido a cambios ambientalesrelacionados con las distintas estaciones

Pinturas, barnices y afines: composición, formulación y caracterización

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Alonso Felipe, Jose Vicente

2016-01-01

El control de calidad en pinturas, barnices y recubrimientos afines está relacionado con su composición, formulación y caracterización. Al hablar de recubrimientos nos referimos a pinturas, temple, barnices, esmaltes, lacas, imprimaciones, e incluso recubrimientos electrolíticos. Se puede definir una pintura líquida como una mezcla heterogénea de componentes que una vez aplicada y seca se transforma en una película continua de espesor más o menos uniforme, sin pegajosidad al tacto y con las c...

Development of Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers in Setaria italica (Poaceae) and cross-amplification in related species.

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Lin, Heng-Sheng; Chiang, Chih-Yun; Chang, Song-Bin; Kuoh, Chang-Sheng

2011-01-01

Foxtail millet is one of the world's oldest cultivated crops. It has been adopted as a model organism for providing a deeper understanding of plant biology. In this study, 45 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers of Setaria italica were developed. These markers showing polymorphism were screened in 223 samples from 12 foxtail millet populations around Taiwan. The most common dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeat motifs are AC/TG (84.21%) and CAT (46.15%). The average number of alleles (N(a)), the average heterozygosities observed (H(o)) and expected (H(e)) are 3.73, 0.714, 0.587, respectively. In addition, 24 SSR markers had shown transferability to six related Poaceae species. These new markers provide tools for examining genetic relatedness among foxtail millet populations and other related species. It is suitable for germplasm management and protection in Poaceae.

Characterization of polymorphic microsatellites for the invasive grass Microstegium vimineum (Poaceae).

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Novy, Ari; Flory, S Luke; Honig, Joshua A; Bonos, Stacy; Hartman, Jean Marie

2012-02-01

Microsatellite markers were developed for the invasive plant Microstegium vimineum (Poaceae) to assess its population structure and to facilitate tracking of invasion expansion. Using 454 sequencing, 11 polymorphic and six monomorphic microsatellite primer sets were developed for M. vimineum. The primer sets were tested on individuals sampled from six populations in the United States and China. The polymorphic primers amplified di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide repeats with three to 10 alleles per locus. These markers will be useful for a variety of applications including tracking of invasion dynamics and population genetics studies.

Development of Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR Markers in Setaria italica (Poaceae and Cross-Amplification in Related Species

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Chih-Yun Chiang

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Foxtail millet is one of the world’s oldest cultivated crops. It has been adopted as a model organism for providing a deeper understanding of plant biology. In this study, 45 simple sequence repeats (SSR markers of Setaria italica were developed. These markers showing polymorphism were screened in 223 samples from 12 foxtail millet populations around Taiwan. The most common dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeat motifs are AC/TG (84.21% and CAT (46.15%. The average number of alleles (Na, the average heterozygosities observed (Ho and expected (He are 3.73, 0.714, 0.587, respectively. In addition, 24 SSR markers had shown transferability to six related Poaceae species. These new markers provide tools for examining genetic relatedness among foxtail millet populations and other related species. It is suitable for germplasm management and protection in Poaceae.

Dated historical biogeography of the temperate Loliinae (Poaceae, Pooideae) grasses in the northern and southern hemispheres.

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Inda, Luis A; Segarra-Moragues, José Gabriel; Müller, Jochen; Peterson, Paul M; Catalán, Pilar

2008-03-01

Divergence times and biogeographical analyses have been conducted within the Loliinae, one of the largest subtribes of temperate grasses. New sequence data from representatives of the almost unexplored New World, New Zealand, and Eastern Asian centres were added to those of the panMediterranean region and used to reconstruct the phylogeny of the group and to calculate the times of lineage-splitting using Bayesian approaches. The traditional separation between broad-leaved and fine-leaved Festuca species was still maintained, though several new broad-leaved lineages fell within the fine-leaved clade or were placed in an unsupported intermediate position. A strong biogeographical signal was detected for several Asian-American, American, Neozeylandic, and Macaronesian clades with different affinities to both the broad and the fine-leaved Festuca. Bayesian estimates of divergence and dispersal-vicariance analyses indicate that the broad-leaved and fine-leaved Loliinae likely originated in the Miocene (13My) in the panMediterranean-SW Asian region and then expanded towards C and E Asia from where they colonized the New World. Further expansions in America (10-3.8My) showed a predominant migratory route from North to South (N Americathe AndesPatagonia). This late Tertiary scenario of successive colonizations and secondary polyploid radiations in the southern hemisphere from the northern hemisphere was accompanied by occasional transcontinental long-distance dispersal events between South America and New Zealand. Multiple Pliocene dispersal events (3.6-2.5My) from the near SW European and NW African continents gave rise to the Macaronesian Loliinae flora, while a more recent Pleistocene origin (2-1My) is hypothesized for the high polyploid lineages that successfully colonized newly deglaciated areas in both hemispheres.

Scanning electron microscopy of the leaf epidermis of Merostachys Spreng. (Poaceae: Bambusoideae Microscopia eletrônica de varredura da epiderme foliar de Merostachys Spreng. (Poaceae: Bambusoideae

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Doria Maria Saiter Gomes

2009-06-01

Full Text Available This study presents data on leaf micromorphology of 13 species of Merostachys Spreng. (Poaceae: Bambusoideae, a neotropical genus with numerous endemic species. Greatest species richness is found in Central and Southern Brazil, with 41 of the 46 species described. Species were collected in the field at the localities: Itatiaia National Park and Tijuca National Park, Rio de Janeiro State; Fontes do Ipiranga State Park, São Paulo state; Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo State and Rio Doce State Park, Minas Gerais State. Dried plant material came from the herbarium at the São Paulo Botany Institute. The presence of prickles, silica bodies and macro hairs may be especially useful in delimiting species.São apresentados dados relativos à micromorfologia foliar de 13 espécies de Merostachys Spreng. (Poaceae:Bambusoideae, um gênero neotropical, com numerosas espécies endêmicas, que tem sua maior diversidade nas regiões central e sul do Brasil, onde ocorrem 41 das 46 espécies descritas. O material coletado foi obtido nas seguintes localidades: Parque Nacional do Itatiaia e Parque Nacional da Tijuca (RJ; Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (SP; Propriedade dos Irmãos Martinelli, Vargem Alta, Santa Teresa (ES e Parque Estadual do Rio Doce (MG. As espécies herborizadas são provenientes do herbário do Instituto de Botânica de São Paulo (SP. Atenção especial é dada à presença de cerdas, corpúsculos silicosos e macropêlos, características que podem ser úteis na delimitação das espécies.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Psiquiatria, Neurologia e Ciências Afins: uma fonte com muita história Arquivos Brasileiros de Psiquiatria, Neurologia e Ciências Afins: a source rich in history

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Cristiana Facchinetti

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Surgido em 1905, o Arquivos Brasileiros de Psiquiatria, Neurologia e Ciências Afins foi o primeiro periódico brasileiro especializado na área. Com o nome de Arquivos Brasileiros de Psiquiatria, Neurologia e Medicina Legal, tornou-se, em 1908, veículo de divulgação da Sociedade com o mesmo nome. A partir de 1919 foi publicado como Arquivos Brasileiros de Neuriatria e Psiquiatria. O periódico traz as propostas para a psiquiatria brasileira lideradas por Juliano Moreira, diretor do Hospício Nacional e da Assistência a Alienados do Distrito Federal. Por veicular trabalhos de profissionais do Hospício Nacional, é fonte fundamental para a investigação dos processos diagnósticos e das práticas clínicas e terapêuticas do período. Apresenta-se aqui uma seleção de artigos publicados na revista entre 1905 e 1930, ano da aposentadoria de Moreira.Launched in 1905, the Arquivos Brasileiros de Psiquiatria, Neurologia e Ciências Afins was the first Brazilian periodical specialized in psychiatry, neurology, and related sciences. In 1908, under the new name of Arquivos Brasileiros de Psiquiatria, Neurologia e Medicina Legal, it became the journal of the Society of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Forensic Medicine. Starting in 1919, it was published under the title Arquivos Brasileiros de Neuriatria e Psiquiatria. The periodical presents proposals put forward for this field in Brazil, under the leadership of Juliano Moreira, director of both the National Asylum and of Federal District Assistance for the Insane (Assistência a Alienados do Distrito Federal. Because the journal published articles by healthcare providers from the National Asylum, it is a vital source for researchers of the era's diagnostic processes and clinical and therapeutic practices. This selection of texts was published in its pages between 1905 and 1930, the year Moreira retired.

Planeamiento estratégico de la industria peruana del vidrio, cerámico, refractarios y afines

OpenAIRE

Alva Ayllón, Antonio; Ayala Abad, Jonathan; Muñoz Gálvez, Carlos; Ruiz Reynaga, Juan

2017-01-01

xv, 170 h. : il. ; 30 cm. El presente documento consiste en la elaboración del Planeamiento Estratégico de la Industria del Vidrio, Cerámica, Refractarios y afines. El Plan estratégico fue desarrollado tomando en cuenta información actual e histórica respecto a la industria, así como también los factores externos e internos que intervienen en su ciclo productivo. La empresa pertenece al sector manufactura, del rubro Minerales no metálicos y se tiene una amplia información re...

Evaluating sampling strategy for DNA barcoding study of coastal and inland halo-tolerant Poaceae and Chenopodiaceae: A case study for increased sample size.

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Yao, Peng-Cheng; Gao, Hai-Yan; Wei, Ya-Nan; Zhang, Jian-Hang; Chen, Xiao-Yong; Li, Hong-Qing

2017-01-01

Environmental conditions in coastal salt marsh habitats have led to the development of specialist genetic adaptations. We evaluated six DNA barcode loci of the 53 species of Poaceae and 15 species of Chenopodiaceae from China's coastal salt marsh area and inland area. Our results indicate that the optimum DNA barcode was ITS for coastal salt-tolerant Poaceae and matK for the Chenopodiaceae. Sampling strategies for ten common species of Poaceae and Chenopodiaceae were analyzed according to optimum barcode. We found that by increasing the number of samples collected from the coastal salt marsh area on the basis of inland samples, the number of haplotypes of Arundinella hirta, Digitaria ciliaris, Eleusine indica, Imperata cylindrica, Setaria viridis, and Chenopodium glaucum increased, with a principal coordinate plot clearly showing increased distribution points. The results of a Mann-Whitney test showed that for Digitaria ciliaris, Eleusine indica, Imperata cylindrica, and Setaria viridis, the distribution of intraspecific genetic distances was significantly different when samples from the coastal salt marsh area were included (P Imperata cylindrica and Chenopodium album, average intraspecific distance tended to reach stability. These results indicate that the sample size for DNA barcode of globally distributed species should be increased to 11-15.

Reconstructing the Evolutionary History of Paralogous APETALA1/FRUITFULL-Like Genes in Grasses (Poaceae)

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Preston, Jill C.; Kellogg, Elizabeth A.

2006-01-01

Gene duplication is an important mechanism for the generation of evolutionary novelty. Paralogous genes that are not silenced may evolve new functions (neofunctionalization) that will alter the developmental outcome of preexisting genetic pathways, partition ancestral functions (subfunctionalization) into divergent developmental modules, or function redundantly. Functional divergence can occur by changes in the spatio-temporal patterns of gene expression and/or by changes in the activities of their protein products. We reconstructed the evolutionary history of two paralogous monocot MADS-box transcription factors, FUL1 and FUL2, and determined the evolution of sequence and gene expression in grass AP1/FUL-like genes. Monocot AP1/FUL-like genes duplicated at the base of Poaceae and codon substitutions occurred under relaxed selection mostly along the branch leading to FUL2. Following the duplication, FUL1 was apparently lost from early diverging taxa, a pattern consistent with major changes in grass floral morphology. Overlapping gene expression patterns in leaves and spikelets indicate that FUL1 and FUL2 probably share some redundant functions, but that FUL2 may have become temporally restricted under partial subfunctionalization to particular stages of floret development. These data have allowed us to reconstruct the history of AP1/FUL-like genes in Poaceae and to hypothesize a role for this gene duplication in the evolution of the grass spikelet. PMID:16816429

Comparative analyses reveal potential uses of Brachypodium distachyon as a model for cold stress responses in temperate grasses

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Li Chuan

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Little is known about the potential of Brachypodium distachyon as a model for low temperature stress responses in Pooideae. The ice recrystallization inhibition protein (IRIP genes, fructosyltransferase (FST genes, and many C-repeat binding factor (CBF genes are Pooideae specific and important in low temperature responses. Here we used comparative analyses to study conservation and evolution of these gene families in B. distachyon to better understand its potential as a model species for agriculturally important temperate grasses. Results Brachypodium distachyon contains cold responsive IRIP genes which have evolved through Brachypodium specific gene family expansions. A large cold responsive CBF3 subfamily was identified in B. distachyon, while CBF4 homologs are absent from the genome. No B. distachyon FST gene homologs encode typical core Pooideae FST-motifs and low temperature induced fructan accumulation was dramatically different in B. distachyon compared to core Pooideae species. Conclusions We conclude that B. distachyon can serve as an interesting model for specific molecular mechanisms involved in low temperature responses in core Pooideae species. However, the evolutionary history of key genes involved in low temperature responses has been different in Brachypodium and core Pooideae species. These differences limit the use of B. distachyon as a model for holistic studies relevant for agricultural core Pooideae species.

Phalaris canariensis L. (Poaceae: A new alien plant record for Kashmir Himalaya, India

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Shugufta Rasheed

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The correct taxonomic identification assumes first and foremost priority in the scientific documentation of biodiversity. The Kashmir Himalaya, located in the north-western side of the Himalayan biodiversity hotspot, is well-known for its diverse flora which merits immediate scientific documentation. In this context, the present study reports Phalaris canariensis L. (Poaceae as a new alien plant record to the flora of Kashmir Himalaya, India. In this paper, a detailed description, photographs, and comparison of diagnostic characters with allied species are provided to scientifically validate this alien plant record for this Himalayan region.

Anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activity of Rubiaceae, Fabaceae and Poaceae plants: A search for new sources of useful alternative antibacterials against MRSA infections.

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Sharifi-Rad, M; Iriti, M; Sharifi-Rad, M; Gibbons, S; Sharifi-Rad, J

2016-08-29

In this study, we evaluated the effects of the extracts of the leaves of species from the Rubiaceae (Galium aparine L. and Asperula arvensis L.), Fabaceae (Lathyrus aphaca L. and Vicia narbonensis L.) and Poaceae (Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. and Hordeum murinum L.) plant families on a wide and extensive panel of isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (MRSA). The effects of the methanolic leaf extracts of Rubiaceae, Fabaceae and Poaceae plants on MRSA were evaluated by the disc diffusion assay and the broth dilution method. Among a total of 177 S. aureus isolates, 92 (51.97%) were found to be methicillin-resistant in an antibiogram and this was confirmed by the presence of the mecA gene in polymerase chain reaction method. All MRSA isolates were sensitive to all extracts. There were dose-dependent inhibitions on tested microorganisms for all plant extracts which showed maximum inhibition zones at a concentration of 300 mg/L. L. aphaca, G. aparine and H. murinum exhibited the highest antibacterial activity on the MRSA strains compared to the positive control (P Fabaceae), G. aparine (Rubiaceae), and H. murinum (Poaceae) proved to have high antibacterial activity on MRSA isolates, thus representing promising antimicrobial agents in clinical settings.

A Importância da Geomorfologia em Geociências e Áreas Afins

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Kenitiro Suguio

2000-12-01

Full Text Available A extrema importância da geomorfologia em geociências e áreas afins é reconhecida sob vários pontos de vista, principalmente na geologia do Quaternário. Através da morfoestratigrafia é possível realizar o estudo sistemático dos registros geológicos, estabelecendo a sequência dos eventos que lhes deram origem. Através da morfotectônica é possível obter subsídios para um melhor entendimento do arcabouço estrutural de uma área em termos de neotectônica e tectônica quaternária. A morfoclimatologia auxilia na reconstituição da paleoclimatologia de uma área de pesquisa. a paleopedologia permite realizar estudos pedoestratigráficos. Além disso, as mudanças na biosfera (fauna, flora e homem, através dos tempos, serão melhor compreendidas depois das reconstruções paleogeográficas e paleoecológicas.

Two New Records from Lebanon: Chamaesyce nutans (Lag.) Small (Euphorbiaceae) and Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertner (Poaceae)

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HABER, Ricardus M.; SEMAAN, Myrna T.

2007-01-01

Chamaesyce nutans (Lag.) Small (Euphorbiaceae) and Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertner (Poaceae) are described as new records for the flora of Lebanon. Specimens of C. nutans collected from roadsides and rocks in a middle mountain forest confirm the occurrence of the species on the western slopes of the Mount Lebanon Range. Additionally, specimens of E. indica were collected from wasteland and roadsides in the coastal town of Kaslik. The species were observed to thrive abundantly in similar habitat...

Cross-species amplification of 105 Lolium perenne SSR loci in 23 species within the Poaceae

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Louise Bach; Holm, Preben Bach; Lübberstedt, Thomas

2007-01-01

Amplification of 105 Lolium perenne SSR markers was studied in 23 grass species representing seven tribes from three subfamilies of Poaceae. Twelve of the SSR markers are published for the first time. Between 2% and 96% of the SSR markers could be amplified within a given species. A subset of eight...... SSR markers was evaluated for polymorphism across nine of the 23 grass species. Four to seven of the markers were polymorphic within each species, with an average detection of 2.4 alleles per species....

La familia Poaceae del distrito de Arahuay (Canta, Lima, Perú

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Paúl Gonzáles

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Se reportan para el distrito de Arahuay (Canta, Lima, Perú (zona baja y media un total de 49 especies de la familia Poaceae agrupadas en 28 géneros, 14 tribus y 4 subfamilias. El género Poa es el más diverso con cinco especies, seguido por Eragrostis y Nassella con cuatro especies cada una. Las especies Calamagrostis spiciformis Hack. ex Stuck., Chloris halophila Parodi, Lamprothyrsus peruvianus Hitchc., Festuca glyceriantha Pilg., Lolium multiflorum Lam. y Poa supina Schrad. son nuevos reportes para el departamento de Lima. Se presentan claves dicotómicas para la determinación de los géneros y para las especies en los casos pertinentes. Para cada especie se incluye datos sobre su hábitat, distribución y el material estudiado.

Anther and pollen development in some species of Poaceae (Poales

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AT. Nakamura

Full Text Available Anther and pollen development were studied in Olyra humilis Nees, Sucrea monophylla Soderstr, (Bambusoideae, Axonopus aureus P. Beauv., Paspalum polyphyllum Nees ex Trin. (Panicoideae, Eragrostis solida Nees, and Chloris elata Desv. (Chloridoideae. The objective of this study was to characterise, embryologically, these species of subfamilies which are considered basal, intermediate and derivate, respectively. The species are similar to each other and to other Poaceae. They present the following characters: tetrasporangiate anthers; monocotyledonous-type anther wall development, endothecium showing annular thickenings, secretory tapetum; successive microsporogenesis; isobilateral tetrads; spheroidal, tricellular, monoporate pollen grains with annulus and operculum. Nevertheless, the exine patterns of the species studied are distinct. Olyra humilis and Sucrea monophylla (Bambusoideae show a granulose pattern, whereas in the other species, it is insular. In addition, Axonopus aureus and Paspalum polyphyllum (Panicoideae have a compactly insular spinule pattern, while Chloris elata and Eragrostis solida (Chloridoideae show a sparsely insular spinule pattern. The exine ornamentation may be considered an important feature at the infrafamiliar level.

Acrapex azumai Sugi (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) as a possible biological control agent of the invasive weed Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. (Poaceae) in the United States

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Lepidopteran larvae were discovered boring in the basal stems of Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. (Poaceae) in Itoshima city, Fukuoka Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan. Adults reared from these larvae were identified as Acrapex azumai Sugi (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Sequencing of the CO1 (cytochrome oxidase 1...

VARIABILIDAD MORFOLÓGICA DE LAS ESPECIES DEL COMPLEJO POA RESINULOSA (POACEAE Y SU RELACIÓN CON LAS ESPECIES DE LA SECCIÓN DIOICOPOA

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M. Gabriela Fernández Pepi

2008-01-01

Full Text Available El complejo Poa resinulosa incluye un grupo de especies conformado por P. calchaquiensis, P. pedersenii y P. resinulosa, de difícil delimitación debido a que las entidades son afines en cuanto a su morfología, aunque presentan distribución disyunta. Para evaluar y analizar a las especies del complejo Poa resinulosa y especies afines al mismo complejo, se midieron 40 caracteres morfológicos y anatómicos en ejemplares de Poa calchaquiensis, P. lanigera, P. pilcomayensis y P. resinulosa. Esos datos se incorporaron a la matriz del conjunto de especies de Poa sección Dioicopoa confeccionada por Giussani (2000, incluyendo también a P. nubensis una nueva especie afín a P. calchaquiensis. Mediante el análisis de componentes principales y pruebas estadísticas, se circunscribió a las especies del complejo Poa resinulosa. Se describió a P. resinulosa como una variedad de P. ligularis, de la que se diferencia por poseer lígula corta, hojas y cañas de menor longitud, menor ancho de la lámina y estomas de menor tamaño. Se presenta una clave para la identificación de Poa ligularis var. resinulosa y taxones afines, y un mapa con la distribución geográfica de ambas variedades de P. ligularis.

Evaluating sampling strategy for DNA barcoding study of coastal and inland halo-tolerant Poaceae and Chenopodiaceae: A case study for increased sample size.

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Peng-Cheng Yao

Full Text Available Environmental conditions in coastal salt marsh habitats have led to the development of specialist genetic adaptations. We evaluated six DNA barcode loci of the 53 species of Poaceae and 15 species of Chenopodiaceae from China's coastal salt marsh area and inland area. Our results indicate that the optimum DNA barcode was ITS for coastal salt-tolerant Poaceae and matK for the Chenopodiaceae. Sampling strategies for ten common species of Poaceae and Chenopodiaceae were analyzed according to optimum barcode. We found that by increasing the number of samples collected from the coastal salt marsh area on the basis of inland samples, the number of haplotypes of Arundinella hirta, Digitaria ciliaris, Eleusine indica, Imperata cylindrica, Setaria viridis, and Chenopodium glaucum increased, with a principal coordinate plot clearly showing increased distribution points. The results of a Mann-Whitney test showed that for Digitaria ciliaris, Eleusine indica, Imperata cylindrica, and Setaria viridis, the distribution of intraspecific genetic distances was significantly different when samples from the coastal salt marsh area were included (P < 0.01. These results suggest that increasing the sample size in specialist habitats can improve measurements of intraspecific genetic diversity, and will have a positive effect on the application of the DNA barcodes in widely distributed species. The results of random sampling showed that when sample size reached 11 for Chloris virgata, Chenopodium glaucum, and Dysphania ambrosioides, 13 for Setaria viridis, and 15 for Eleusine indica, Imperata cylindrica and Chenopodium album, average intraspecific distance tended to reach stability. These results indicate that the sample size for DNA barcode of globally distributed species should be increased to 11-15.

Inclusion of Visually Impaired in the School Programme Scheduled Visit of the Museu de Astronomia e Ciências Afins (MAST). (Breton Title: Inclusão de Deficientes Visuais no Programa de Visita Escolar Programada do Museu de Astronomia e Ciências Afins (MAST).) Inclusión de Discapacitados Visuales en el Programa Escolar Programado del Museo de Astronomía y Ciencias Afines (MAST)

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de Oliveira Gonçalves, Carla; da Conceição Barbosa-Lima, Maria

2013-07-01

Inclusive Education in Brazil, contemplated in the 1988 Constitution and in the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education (9.394/96) highlights the importance and urgency of promoting inclusive education as a formative element of nationality. Inclusive Education refers to all people who are struggling in school. Inclusion should be in all educational institutions (formal and informal). Our goal in the graduation final task was to report the experience of mediation to visually impaired students of the Instituto Benjamin Constant (IBC) at the Museu de Astronomia e Ciências Afins (MAST), and also suggest some modifications and present new proposals for the School Visit Program (VEP) through a specially constructed apparatus, where the sky can be sensed near the latitude of Rio de Janeiro. A educação inclusiva no Brasil, contemplada na Constituição de 1988 e a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (9.394/96), destaca a importância e urgência de se promover a inclusão escolar como elemento formador da nacionalidade. A educação inclusiva diz respeito a todas as pessoas que enfrentam dificuldades na escola. A inclusão deve estar em todas as instituições educacionais (formais e não formais). Nosso objetivo, no trabalho de final de curso de licenciatura, foi apresentar o relato de experiência de mediação aos alunos deficientes visuais do Instituto Benjamin Constant (IBC) no Museu de Astronomia e Ciências Afins (MAST), as modificações e novas propostas para o Programa de Visita Escolar Programada (VEP) através de um aparelho especialmente construído onde se pode perceber o céu na latitude próxima a do Rio de Janeiro. La educación inclusiva en el Brasil, contemplada en la Constitución de 1988 y en la Ley de Directrices y Bases de la Educación Nacional (9.394/96), destaca la importancia y la urgencia de promover la inclusión escolar como elemento formador de la nacionalidad. La educación inclusiva se refiere a todas las personas

A new species of Rhopalosiphum (Hemiptera, Aphididae) on Chusquea tomentosa (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) from Costa Rica

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Hidalgo, Nicolás Pérez; Martínez-Torres, David; Collantes-Alegre, Jorge Mariano; Muller, William Villalobos; Nafría, Juan M. Nieto

2012-01-01

Abstract The new species Rhopalosiphum chusqueae Pérez Hidalgo & Villalobos Muller, is described from apterous viviparous females caught on Chusquea tomentosa in Cerro de la Muerte (Costa Rica). The identity of the species is supported both by the morphological features and by a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on a fragment of the mitochondrial DNA containing the 5’ region of the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) and on the nuclear gene coding for the Elongation factor-1 alpha (EF1α). The taxonomic position of the new species is discussed. An identification key to the Aphidinae species living on plants of Bambusoideae (Poaceae) is presented. PMID:22328859

Rapid and recent world-wide diversification of bluegrasses (Poa, Poaceae and related genera.

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Matthias H Hoffmann

Full Text Available Rapid species diversifications provide fascinating insight into the development of biodiversity in time and space. Most biological radiations studied to date, for example that of cichlid fishes or Andean lupines, are confined to isolated geographical areas like lakes, islands or island-like regions. Using DNA sequence data of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS for many species of the Poa alliance, a group comprising about 775 C3 grass species, revealed rapid and parallel diversifications in various parts of the world. Some of these radiations are restricted to isolated areas like the Andes, whereas others are typical of the lowlands of mainly the northern hemisphere. These radiations thus are not restricted to island-like areas and are seemingly actively ongoing. The ages of the diversifying clades are estimated to be 2.5-0.23 million years (Myr. Conservative diversification rates in the Poa alliance amount to 0.89-3.14 species per Myr, thus are in the order of, or even exceeding, other instances of well-known radiations. The grass radiations of the mainly cold-adapted Poa alliance coincide with the Late Tertiary global cooling, which resulted in the retreat of forests and the subsequent formation of cold-adapted grasslands especially in the northern, but also in parts of the southern hemisphere. The cold tolerance, suggested to be one of the ecological key innovations, may have been acquired during the early diversification of the subfamily Pooideae, but became significant millions of years later during the Pliocene/Pleistocene radiation of the Poa alliance.

Bailini, Sonia (2016. La interlengua de lenguas afines. El español de los italianos, el italiano de los españoles. Milano: LED.

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Floriana di Gesù

2017-07-01

Full Text Available El volumen del que se ofrece una reseña analiza el fenómeno de la interlengua de lenguas afines: el español de los aprendientes italianos y el italiano de los aprendientes españoles. El objetivo principal del volumen es el análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de la interlengua de estas dos tipologías de aprendientes, a través del estudio de dos corpus paralelos y longitudinales.

Seed storage protein gene promoters contain conserved DNA motifs in Brassicaceae, Fabaceae and Poaceae

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Fauteux, François; Strömvik, Martina V

2009-01-01

Background Accurate computational identification of cis-regulatory motifs is difficult, particularly in eukaryotic promoters, which typically contain multiple short and degenerate DNA sequences bound by several interacting factors. Enrichment in combinations of rare motifs in the promoter sequence of functionally or evolutionarily related genes among several species is an indicator of conserved transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. This provides a basis for the computational identification of cis-regulatory motifs. Results We have used a discriminative seeding DNA motif discovery algorithm for an in-depth analysis of 54 seed storage protein (SSP) gene promoters from three plant families, namely Brassicaceae (mustards), Fabaceae (legumes) and Poaceae (grasses) using backgrounds based on complete sets of promoters from a representative species in each family, namely Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.), soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) respectively. We have identified three conserved motifs (two RY-like and one ACGT-like) in Brassicaceae and Fabaceae SSP gene promoters that are similar to experimentally characterized seed-specific cis-regulatory elements. Fabaceae SSP gene promoter sequences are also enriched in a novel, seed-specific E2Fb-like motif. Conserved motifs identified in Poaceae SSP gene promoters include a GCN4-like motif, two prolamin-box-like motifs and an Skn-1-like motif. Evidence of the presence of a variant of the TATA-box is found in the SSP gene promoters from the three plant families. Motifs discovered in SSP gene promoters were used to score whole-genome sets of promoters from Arabidopsis, soybean and rice. The highest-scoring promoters are associated with genes coding for different subunits or precursors of seed storage proteins. Conclusion Seed storage protein gene promoter motifs are conserved in diverse species, and different plant families are characterized by a distinct combination of conserved motifs

Seed storage protein gene promoters contain conserved DNA motifs in Brassicaceae, Fabaceae and Poaceae

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Fauteux François

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Accurate computational identification of cis-regulatory motifs is difficult, particularly in eukaryotic promoters, which typically contain multiple short and degenerate DNA sequences bound by several interacting factors. Enrichment in combinations of rare motifs in the promoter sequence of functionally or evolutionarily related genes among several species is an indicator of conserved transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. This provides a basis for the computational identification of cis-regulatory motifs. Results We have used a discriminative seeding DNA motif discovery algorithm for an in-depth analysis of 54 seed storage protein (SSP gene promoters from three plant families, namely Brassicaceae (mustards, Fabaceae (legumes and Poaceae (grasses using backgrounds based on complete sets of promoters from a representative species in each family, namely Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana (L. Heynh., soybean (Glycine max (L. Merr. and rice (Oryza sativa L. respectively. We have identified three conserved motifs (two RY-like and one ACGT-like in Brassicaceae and Fabaceae SSP gene promoters that are similar to experimentally characterized seed-specific cis-regulatory elements. Fabaceae SSP gene promoter sequences are also enriched in a novel, seed-specific E2Fb-like motif. Conserved motifs identified in Poaceae SSP gene promoters include a GCN4-like motif, two prolamin-box-like motifs and an Skn-1-like motif. Evidence of the presence of a variant of the TATA-box is found in the SSP gene promoters from the three plant families. Motifs discovered in SSP gene promoters were used to score whole-genome sets of promoters from Arabidopsis, soybean and rice. The highest-scoring promoters are associated with genes coding for different subunits or precursors of seed storage proteins. Conclusion Seed storage protein gene promoter motifs are conserved in diverse species, and different plant families are characterized by a distinct combination

Padrão de resposta de Mimosa pudica e Senna obtusifolia à atividade potencialmente alelopática de espécies de Poaceae Response pattern of Mimosa pudica e Senna obtusifolia to potentially allelopathic activity of Poaceae species

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A.P.S. Souza Filho

2010-01-01

Full Text Available A alelopatia é um importante mediador de interferências que alteram a dinâmica de espécies de plantas em sistemas agrícolas. Neste trabalho, procurou-se determinar a existência de padrão de respostas das plantas daninhas Mimosa pudica e Senna obtusifolia a espécies da família Poaceae, via interação entre espécies e frações e ordenamento dos efeitos. Bioensaios de germinação de sementes e alongamento da radícula e do hipocótilo foram desenvolvidos, em condições controladas. Os testes foram realizados utilizando-se extratos hidroalcoólicos na concentração de 1,0% das frações folha, raiz e sementes de quatro espécies de Poaceae. Diferenças na intensidade dos efeitos para os fatores espécie e fração foram verificadas. O padrão de atividade observado foi de Paspalum maritimum apresentar as inibições mais intensas. Entre as espécies de Brachiaria, as inibições mais intensas foram produzidas por B. brizantha. Houve resposta efetiva para a especificidade entre espécies e fração para a germinação e alongamento da radícula, especialmente na espécie Mimosa pudica. Apenas para os extratos de P. maritimum foram observadas especificidade e efetividade em relação à germinação de sementes e alongamento da radícula da espécie Senna obtusifolia. A fração folha foi mais efetiva nas inibições, sobretudo na espécie P. maritimum. Comparativamente, a espécie Mimosa pudica foi mais sensível aos efeitos dos extratos, especialmente em relação ao desenvolvimento da radícula e do hipocótilo. A intensidade dos efeitos alelopáticos variou na seguinte ordem: alongamento da radícula > germinação de sementes > alongamento do hipocótilo. A ordenação dos resultados, para os indicadores de inibição, indicou discriminação no padrão para as espécies receptoras, o que sugere especificidade dos extratos.Allelopathy is an important device to measure interferences affecting the dynamics of plant species in

Study of the chemical composition of essential oils and floral waters of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (Poaceae) from Senegal

OpenAIRE

Diop, Serigne Mbacké; Guèye, Momar Talla; Ndiaye, Ibrahima; Diop, Michel Bakar; Ndiaye, El Hadji Barka; Thiam, Abdoulaye; Fauconnier, Marie-Laure; Lognay, Georges

2017-01-01

This work aimed to study the chemical composition of essential oils and floral waters of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (Poaceae) from Senegal. The plants were collected in two different localities, Dakar and Kaolack. The extracts were obtained by steam distillation from both fresh and dried plants and analyses carried out by GC/FID and GC/MS. Oils from Dakar were dominated by geranial which represented 46.0-43.9%, neral 31.8-31.0%, myrcene 10.8-11.7% and geraniol 2.7-4.2% in the fresh and d...

Anther and pollen development in some species of Poaceae (Poales Desenvolvimento da antera e do grão de pólen em espécies de Poaceae (Poales

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AT. Nakamura

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Anther and pollen development were studied in Olyra humilis Nees, Sucrea monophylla Soderstr, (Bambusoideae, Axonopus aureus P. Beauv., Paspalum polyphyllum Nees ex Trin. (Panicoideae, Eragrostis solida Nees, and Chloris elata Desv. (Chloridoideae. The objective of this study was to characterise, embryologically, these species of subfamilies which are considered basal, intermediate and derivate, respectively. The species are similar to each other and to other Poaceae. They present the following characters: tetrasporangiate anthers; monocotyledonous-type anther wall development, endothecium showing annular thickenings, secretory tapetum; successive microsporogenesis; isobilateral tetrads; spheroidal, tricellular, monoporate pollen grains with annulus and operculum. Nevertheless, the exine patterns of the species studied are distinct. Olyra humilis and Sucrea monophylla (Bambusoideae show a granulose pattern, whereas in the other species, it is insular. In addition, Axonopus aureus and Paspalum polyphyllum (Panicoideae have a compactly insular spinule pattern, while Chloris elata and Eragrostis solida (Chloridoideae show a sparsely insular spinule pattern. The exine ornamentation may be considered an important feature at the infrafamiliar level.O desenvolvimento da antera e do grão de pólen de Olyra humilis Nees, Sucrea monophylla Soderstr. (Bambusoideae, Axonopus aureus P. Beauv., Paspalum polyphyllum Nees ex Trin. (Panicoideae, Eragrostis solida Nees and Chloris elata Desv. (Chloridoideae foi estudado visando caracterizar embriologicamente essas espécies de subfamílias consideradas basal, intermediária e derivada, respectivamente. As espécies são similares entre si e entre as demais Poaceae. Apresentam os seguintes caracteres: anteras tetrasporangiadas; desenvolvimento da parede da antera do tipo monocotiledôneo, endotécio com espessamento de parede anelar, tapete secretor; microsporogênese sucessiva; tétrades isobilaterais; grãos de

Building supertrees: an empirical assessment using the grass family (Poaceae).

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Salamin, Nicolas; Hodkinson, Trevor R; Savolainen, Vincent

2002-02-01

Large and comprehensive phylogenetic trees are desirable for studying macroevolutionary processes and for classification purposes. Such trees can be obtained in two different ways. Either the widest possible range of taxa can be sampled and used in a phylogenetic analysis to produce a "big tree," or preexisting topologies can be used to create a supertree. Although large multigene analyses are often favored, combinable data are not always available, and supertrees offer a suitable solution. The most commonly used method of supertree reconstruction, matrix representation with parsimony (MRP), is presented here. We used a combined data set for the Poaceae to (1) assess the differences between an approach that uses combined data and one that uses different MRP modifications based on the character partitions and (2) investigate the advantages and disadvantages of these modifications. Baum and Ragan and Purvis modifications gave similar results. Incorporating bootstrap support associated with pre-existing topologies improved Baum and Ragan modification and its similarity with a combined analysis. Finally, we used the supertree reconstruction approach on 55 published phylogenies to build one of most comprehensive phylogenetic trees published for the grass family including 403 taxa and discuss its strengths and weaknesses in relation to other published hypotheses.

In silico characterization of boron transporter (BOR1 protein sequences in Poaceae species

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Ertuğrul Filiz

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Boron (B is essential for the plant growth and development, and its primary function is connected with formation of the cell wall. Moreover, boron toxicity is a shared problem in semiarid and arid regions. In this study, boron transporter protein (BOR1 sequences from some Poaceae species (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare, Zea mays, Brachypodium distachyon, Oryza sativa subsp. japonica, Oryza sativa subsp. indica, Sorghum bicolor, Triticum aestivum were evaluated by bioinformatics tools. Physicochemical analyses revealed that most of BOR1 proteins were basic character and had generally aliphatic amino acids. Analysis of the domains showed that transmembrane domains were identified constantly and three motifs were detected with 50 amino acids length. Also, the motif SPNPWEPGSYDHWTVAKDMFNVPPAYIFGAFIPATMVAGLYYFDHSVASQ was found most frequently with 25 repeats. The phylogenetic tree showed divergence into two main clusters. B. distachyon species were clustered separately. Finally, this study contributes to the new BOR1 protein characterization in grasses and create scientific base for in silico analysis in future.

Plant Responses to Climate Change: The Case Study of Betulaceae and Poaceae Pollen Seasons (Northern Italy, Vignola, Emilia-Romagna

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Anna Maria Mercuri

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Aerobiological data have especially demonstrated that there is correlation between climate warming and the pollination season of plants. This paper focuses on airborne pollen monitoring of Betulaceae and Poaceae, two of the main plant groups with anemophilous pollen and allergenic proprieties in Northern Italy. The aim is to investigate plant responses to temperature variations by considering long-term pollen series. The 15-year aerobiological analysis is reported from the monitoring station of Vignola (located near Modena, in the Emilia-Romagna region that had operated in the years 1990–2004 with a Hirst spore trap. The Yearly Pollen Index calculated for these two botanical families has shown contrasting trends in pollen production and release. These trends were well identifiable but fairly variable, depending on both meteorological variables and anthropogenic causes. Based on recent reference literature, we considered that some oscillations in pollen concentration could have been a main effect of temperature variability reflecting global warming. The duration of pollen seasons of Betulaceae and Poaceae, depending on the different species included in each family, has not unequivocally been determined. Phenological responses were particularly evident in Alnus and especially in Corylus as a general moving up of the end of pollination. The study shows that these trees can be affected by global warming more than other, more tolerant, plants. The research can be a contribution to the understanding of phenological plant responses to climate change and suggests that alder and hazelnut trees have to be taken into high consideration as sensible markers of plant responses to climate change.

Plant Responses to Climate Change: The Case Study of Betulaceae and Poaceae Pollen Seasons (Northern Italy, Vignola, Emilia-Romagna)

Science.gov (United States)

Mercuri, Anna Maria; Torri, Paola; Fornaciari, Rita; Florenzano, Assunta

2016-01-01

Aerobiological data have especially demonstrated that there is correlation between climate warming and the pollination season of plants. This paper focuses on airborne pollen monitoring of Betulaceae and Poaceae, two of the main plant groups with anemophilous pollen and allergenic proprieties in Northern Italy. The aim is to investigate plant responses to temperature variations by considering long-term pollen series. The 15-year aerobiological analysis is reported from the monitoring station of Vignola (located near Modena, in the Emilia-Romagna region) that had operated in the years 1990–2004 with a Hirst spore trap. The Yearly Pollen Index calculated for these two botanical families has shown contrasting trends in pollen production and release. These trends were well identifiable but fairly variable, depending on both meteorological variables and anthropogenic causes. Based on recent reference literature, we considered that some oscillations in pollen concentration could have been a main effect of temperature variability reflecting global warming. The duration of pollen seasons of Betulaceae and Poaceae, depending on the different species included in each family, has not unequivocally been determined. Phenological responses were particularly evident in Alnus and especially in Corylus as a general moving up of the end of pollination. The study shows that these trees can be affected by global warming more than other, more tolerant, plants. The research can be a contribution to the understanding of phenological plant responses to climate change and suggests that alder and hazelnut trees have to be taken into high consideration as sensible markers of plant responses to climate change. PMID:27929423

Radiomodulatory potential of hydroalcoholic extract of a medicinal plant Cynodon dactylon (Family: Poaceae), against radiation-induced cytogenetic damage

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Satish Rao, B.S.; Upadhya, D.; Adiga, S.K.

2007-01-01

The exposure of humans to ionizing radiations may be advertently by routine diagnostic and therapeutic purposes or inadvertently during natural, occupational and nuclear accident situations. Therefore, in order to overcome the deleterious biological effects of radiation several chemical agents have been studied for their radioprotective potential. The medicinal plants being one of the resources for such clinically important natural agents, used extensively in several drug discovery related research. Here the radiomodulatory potential of hydroalcoholic extract of a medicinal plant Cynodon dactylon (Family: Poaceae), against radiation-induced cytogenetic damage was analyzed using Chinese hamster fibroblast cells (V79) and human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBLs) growing in vitro is reported

Sinopse das espécies nativas e subespontâneas de Andropogoneae Dumort. (Poaceae na Ilha de Santa Catarina, Brasil A synopsis of the Andropogoneae Dumort. (Poaceae native and subspontaneous to the Island of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil

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Bárbara Toncic Neves

2011-12-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho consiste no levantamento dos táxons da tribo Andropogoneae (Panicoideae - Poaceae ocorrentes na Ilha de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brasil. A partir da revisão de materiais de herbários e coletas a campo foi confirmada a ocorrência de 10 gêneros e 20 espécies, 17 nativas e duas subespontâneas: Andropogon L. (7 spp., Bothriochloa Kuntze (2, Eriochrysis P. Beauv. (1, Hyparrhenia Andersson ex E. Fourn. (1, Imperata Cirillo (1, Ischaemum L. (1, Rhytachne Desv. (1, Saccharum L. (3, Schizachyrium Nees (2 e Sorghum Moench (1. Os gêneros Bothriochloa e Rhytachne são registrados pela primeira vez para a Ilha de Santa Catarina. São apresentadas chaves de identificação para gêneros e espécies, ilustrações, informações sobre distribuição geográfica, habitat, período de floração e comentários para cada táxon.The present work is a survey of the taxa in the tribe Andropogoneae (Panicoideae - Poaceae that occur on the Island of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil. Based on a review of herbarium specimens and fieldwork, 20 species were recorded in the following 10 genera: Andropogon L. (7 spp., Bothriochloa Kuntze (2, Eriochrysis P. Beauv. (1, Hyparrhenia Andersson ex E. Fourn. (1, Imperata Cirillo (1, Ischaemum L. (1, Rhytachne Desv. (1, Saccharum L. (3, Schizachyrium Nees (2 and Sorghum Moench (1. Seventeen of the species are native, and two species are subspontaneous. Bothriochloa and Rhytachne are recorded here, for the first time, for the Island of Santa Catarina. This work provides key to the genera and species, as well as illustrations, information about geographic distribution, habitat, phenology, and comments about each taxon presented in the study.

New chloroplast microsatellite markers suitable for assessing genetic diversity of Lolium perenne and other related grass species.

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Diekmann, Kerstin; Hodkinson, Trevor R; Barth, Susanne

2012-11-01

Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) is the most important forage grass species of temperate regions. We have previously released the chloroplast genome sequence of L. perenne 'Cashel'. Here nine chloroplast microsatellite markers are published, which were designed based on knowledge about genetically variable regions within the L. perenne chloroplast genome. These markers were successfully used for characterizing the genetic diversity in Lolium and different grass species. Chloroplast genomes of 14 Poaceae taxa were screened for mononucleotide microsatellite repeat regions and primers designed for their amplification from nine loci. The potential of these markers to assess genetic diversity was evaluated on a set of 16 Irish and 15 European L. perenne ecotypes, nine L. perenne cultivars, other Lolium taxa and other grass species. All analysed Poaceae chloroplast genomes contained more than 200 mononucleotide repeats (chloroplast simple sequence repeats, cpSSRs) of at least 7 bp in length, concentrated mainly in the large single copy region of the genome. Nucleotide composition varied considerably among subfamilies (with Pooideae biased towards poly A repeats). The nine new markers distinguish L. perenne from all non-Lolium taxa. TeaCpSSR28 was able to distinguish between all Lolium species and Lolium multiflorum due to an elongation of an A(8) mononucleotide repeat in L. multiflorum. TeaCpSSR31 detected a considerable degree of microsatellite length variation and single nucleotide polymorphism. TeaCpSSR27 revealed variation within some L. perenne accessions due to a 44-bp indel and was hence readily detected by simple agarose gel electrophoresis. Smaller insertion/deletion events or single nucleotide polymorphisms detected by these new markers could be visualized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis or DNA sequencing, respectively. The new markers are a valuable tool for plant breeding companies, seed testing agencies and the wider scientific community due to

Integrated Formative Actions (AFIN: results and challenges of preparatory course for admission to higher education at the Federal University of Uberlândia

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Adevailton Bernardo dos Santos

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The Integrated Formative Actions Program (AFIN is part of an extension context of formation and aims to support and assist the entry of high school students in situations of economic vulnerability in higher education and to contribute to the formation of major students through teaching practices. The program has the characteristics of a popular preparatory course and began its activities in the second semester of 2015, with 115 students, and its continuity in 2016 expanded to 367 students, achieving significant results in the goals set. This text aims to describe the results of this Program and analyze it considering other similar initiatives and popular education references. The analysis presents elements of this contribution, but also points to the possibility of improving the action with a view to achieving its objective.

Simple Web-based interactive key development software (WEBiKEY) and an example key for Kuruna (Poaceae: Bambusoideae).

Science.gov (United States)

Attigala, Lakshmi; De Silva, Nuwan I; Clark, Lynn G

2016-04-01

Programs that are user-friendly and freely available for developing Web-based interactive keys are scarce and most of the well-structured applications are relatively expensive. WEBiKEY was developed to enable researchers to easily develop their own Web-based interactive keys with fewer resources. A Web-based multiaccess identification tool (WEBiKEY) was developed that uses freely available Microsoft ASP.NET technologies and an SQL Server database for Windows-based hosting environments. WEBiKEY was tested for its usability with a sample data set, the temperate woody bamboo genus Kuruna (Poaceae). WEBiKEY is freely available to the public and can be used to develop Web-based interactive keys for any group of species. The interactive key we developed for Kuruna using WEBiKEY enables users to visually inspect characteristics of Kuruna and identify an unknown specimen as one of seven possible species in the genus.

Morphology and anatomy of the diaspores and seedling of Paspalum (Poaceae, Poales

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MAYRA T. EICHEMBERG

2013-09-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT The knowledge regarding of the diaspore and post-seminal development of Paspalum L. is important for grassland biodiversity conservation, based on their representativeness and genetic improvement of forage. The morphology of the diaspore and the post-seminal development of Paspalum dilatatum Poir. (rhizomatous, P. mandiocanum Trin. var. subaequiglume Barreto (stoloniferous, P. pumilum Nees. (decumbent caespitose and P. urvillei Steud. (erect caespitose was described to distinguish species with different growth forms and to survey the characters useful for taxonomy. P. dilatatum differs by presenting oval diaspores larger than the others, with five prominent nerves and trichomes; P. urvillei presents diaspores with one central nerve that is more developed than the two lateral nerves and trichomes; P. mandiocanum var. subaequiglume presents diaspores with trichomes only in the margin; and P. pumilum differs by presenting glabrous diaspores. The caryopsis involves the seed that presents the differentiated embryo and disposed laterally, an elliptical hilum in all of the studied species and a rostellum in P. dilatatum and P. mandiocanum var. subaequiglume. The post-seminal development is similar in the four species and begins with germination that is marked by the emergence of the coleorhiza, followed by the coleoptile. These characteristics are common to other Poaceae previously studied, indicating a pattern to the family and do not distinguish the growth forms.

Intergenomic rearrangements after polyploidization of Kengyilia thoroldiana (Poaceae: Triticeae) affected by environmental factors.

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Wang, Qiuxia; Liu, Huitao; Gao, Ainong; Yang, Xinming; Liu, Weihua; Li, Xiuquan; Li, Lihui

2012-01-01

Polyploidization is a major evolutionary process. Approximately 70-75% species of Triticeae (Poaceae) are polyploids, involving 23 genomes. To investigate intergenomic rearrangements after polyploidization of Triticeae species and to determine the effects of environmental factors on them, nine populations of a typical polyploid Triticeae species, Kengyilia thoroldiana (Keng) J.L.Yang et al. (2n = 6x = 42, StStPPYY), collected from different environments, were studied using genome in situ hybridization (GISH). We found that intergenomic rearrangements occurred between the relatively large P genome and the small genomes, St (8.15%) and Y (22.22%), in polyploid species via various types of translocations compared to their diploid progenitors. However, no translocation was found between the relatively small St and Y chromosomes. Environmental factors may affect rearrangements among the three genomes. Chromosome translocations were significantly more frequent in populations from cold alpine and grassland environments than in populations from valley and lake-basin habitats (P<0.05). The relationship between types of chromosome translocations and altitude was significant (r = 0.809, P<0.01). Intergenomic rearrangements associated with environmental factors and genetic differentiation of a single basic genome should be considered as equally important genetic processes during species' ecotype evolution.

Intergenomic rearrangements after polyploidization of Kengyilia thoroldiana (Poaceae: Triticeae affected by environmental factors.

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Qiuxia Wang

Full Text Available Polyploidization is a major evolutionary process. Approximately 70-75% species of Triticeae (Poaceae are polyploids, involving 23 genomes. To investigate intergenomic rearrangements after polyploidization of Triticeae species and to determine the effects of environmental factors on them, nine populations of a typical polyploid Triticeae species, Kengyilia thoroldiana (Keng J.L.Yang et al. (2n = 6x = 42, StStPPYY, collected from different environments, were studied using genome in situ hybridization (GISH. We found that intergenomic rearrangements occurred between the relatively large P genome and the small genomes, St (8.15% and Y (22.22%, in polyploid species via various types of translocations compared to their diploid progenitors. However, no translocation was found between the relatively small St and Y chromosomes. Environmental factors may affect rearrangements among the three genomes. Chromosome translocations were significantly more frequent in populations from cold alpine and grassland environments than in populations from valley and lake-basin habitats (P<0.05. The relationship between types of chromosome translocations and altitude was significant (r = 0.809, P<0.01. Intergenomic rearrangements associated with environmental factors and genetic differentiation of a single basic genome should be considered as equally important genetic processes during species' ecotype evolution.

Una nueva especie de Axonopus (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae de la Guyana de Colombia y Venezuela

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Giraldo Cañas Diego

1999-11-01

Full Text Available Axonopus piccae, a new species of the series Barbigeri G. A. Black, is described and illustrated. The new species is known only from two areas of Guayana Region: Guainía (Colombia and Bolívar (Venezuela. Its inflorescence is polytelic and truncate.Based on SEM microphotographs, the characters of its upper anthecium are presented. Its morphological and anatomical relationships are discussed, and a key to the nearest species is provided.Se describe e ilustra Axonopus piccae, una nueva especie perteneciente a la serie Barbigeri G. A. Black, conocida únicamente de dos áreas de la región Guayana en Guainía (Colombia y Bolívar (Venezuela. Su inflorescencia es politélica y truncada. Se comentan las características de su antecio superior sobre la base de microfotografías al microscopio electrónico de barrido. Se discuten sus relaciones morfológicas y anatómicas. Se presenta una clave para separar las especies afines.

Les facteurs de motivation infirmière assurant la pérennité d'un soin de qualité afin de prévenir les infections nosocomiales en mileur hospitalier: une revue de littérature étoffée

OpenAIRE

Repond, Tracy; Rossier, Jean-Michel; Scrima, Katia

2013-01-01

Le but de cette revue de littérature est de relever les facteurs de motivation infirmière qui garantissent la pérennisation d’un comportement d’observance en ce qui concerne les mesures d’hygiène hospitalière afin de diminuer le taux d’infections nosocomiales.

Anatomía ecológica de algunas especies del género Paspalum (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paniceae

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Sandra S. Aliscioni

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Aliscioni, S. S. 2000. Anatomía ecológica de algunas especies del género Paspalum(Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paniceae. Darwiniana 38(3-4: 187-207.El género Paspalum L. presenta un elevado número de especies, con una amplia variabilidadmorfológica y una extensa distribución geográfica. Sus especies crecen en hábitats sumamente diversos,desde ambientes muy húmedos o acuáticos, a lugares secos de suelos arcillosos o arenosos, muchas vecessalinos. Dada la diversidad de ambientes en los que puede hallarse Paspalum, se estudiaron lascaracterísticas anatómico-foliares presentes en el género con la finalidad de interpretar diferentesestrategias adaptativas en distintas especies. Se presenta una descripción general de la anatomía foliar delgénero y se discuten ciertos caracteres anatómicos, interpretando su posible relación con las condicionesdel hábitat

Grass-specific CD4+ T-cells exhibit varying degrees of cross-reactivity, implications for allergen-specific immunotherapy

Science.gov (United States)

Archila, LD; DeLong, JH; Wambre, E; James, EA; Robinson, DM; Kwok, WW

2014-01-01

Background Conceptually, allergic responses may involve cross-reactivity by antibodies or T-cells. While IgE cross-reactivity amongst grass pollen allergens has been observed, cross-reactivity at the allergen-specific T-cell level has been less documented. Identification of the patterns of cross-reactivity may improve our understanding, allowing optimization of better immunotherapy strategies. Objectives We use Phleum pratense as model for the studying of cross-reactivity at the allergen-specific CD4+ T cell level amongst DR04:01 restricted Pooideae grass pollen T-cell epitopes. Methods After In vitro culture of blood mononucleated cells from Grass-pollen allergic subjects with specific Pooideae antigenic epitopes, dual tetramer staining with APC-labeled DR04:01/Phleum pratense tetramers and PE-labeled DR04:01/Pooideae grass homolog tetramers was assessed to identify cross-reactivity amongst allergen-specific DR04:01-restricted T-cells in 6 subjects. Direct ex vivo staining enabled the comparison of frequency and phenotype of different Pooideae grass pollen reactive T-cells. Intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) assays were also used to examine phenotypes of these T-cells. Results T-cells with various degree of cross reactive profiles could be detected. Poa p 1 97-116, Lol p 1 221-240, Lol p 5a 199-218, and Poa p 5a 199-218 were identified as minimally-cross-reactive T-cell epitopes that do not show cross reactivity to Phl p 1 and Phl p 5a epitopes. Ex vivo tetramer staining assays demonstrated T-cells that recognized these minimally-cross reactive T-cell epitopes are present in Grass-pollen allergic subjects. Conclusions Our results suggest that not all Pooideae grass epitopes with sequence homology are cross-reactive. Non-cross reactive T-cells with comparable frequency, phenotype and functionality to Phl p-specific T-cells, suggest that a multiple allergen system should be considered for immunotherapy instead of a mono allergen system. PMID:24708411

Grass-specific CD4(+) T-cells exhibit varying degrees of cross-reactivity, implications for allergen-specific immunotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Archila, L D; DeLong, J H; Wambre, E; James, E A; Robinson, D M; Kwok, W W

2014-07-01

Conceptually, allergic responses may involve cross-reactivity by antibodies or T-cells. While IgE cross-reactivity among grass-pollen allergens has been observed, cross-reactivity at the allergen-specific T-cell level has been less documented. Identification of the patterns of cross-reactivity may improve our understanding, allowing optimization of better immunotherapy strategies. We use Phleum pratense as model for the studying of cross-reactivity at the allergen-specific CD4(+) T cell level among DR04:01 restricted Pooideae grass-pollen T-cell epitopes. After in vitro culture of blood mono-nucleated cells from grass-pollen-allergic subjects with specific Pooideae antigenic epitopes, dual tetramer staining with APC-labelled DR04:01/Phleum pratense tetramers and PE-labelled DR04:01/Pooideae grass homolog tetramers was assessed to identify cross-reactivity among allergen-specific DR04:01-restricted T-cells in six subjects. Direct ex vivo staining enabled the comparison of frequency and phenotype of different Pooideae grass-pollen reactive T-cells. Intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) assays were also used to examine phenotypes of these T-cells. T-cells with various degrees of cross-reactive profiles could be detected. Poa p 1 97-116 , Lol p 1 221-240 , Lol p 5a 199-218 , and Poa p 5a 199-218 were identified as minimally cross-reactive T-cell epitopes that do not show cross-reactivity to Phl p 1 and Phl p 5a epitopes. Ex vivo tetramer staining assays demonstrated T-cells that recognized these minimally cross-reactive T-cell epitopes are present in Grass-pollen-allergic subjects. Our results suggest that not all Pooideae grass epitopes with sequence homology are cross-reactive. Non-cross-reactive T-cells with comparable frequency, phenotype and functionality to Phl p-specific T-cells suggest that a multiple allergen system should be considered for immunotherapy instead of a mono-allergen system. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Chemical composition and spasmolytic activity of Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L. Spreng. (Poaceae essential oil from Sudan

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Pavlović Ivan

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The plants of genus Cymbopogon are well known for their use in traditional medicine and for their high content of essential oils that are widely used as flavoring agents, fragrances, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Essential oils isolated from the dried stems and inflorescence of cultivated Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L. Spreng. (Poaceae collected from Khartoum state (Sudan in two periods were studied. The results of chemical analysis of C. schoenanthus revealed that this plant is rich in essential oil which is a valuable source of the commercially important monoterpene, piperitone (47.7-71.5%. Other abundant constituents of the oils were intermedeol (6.1-17.3%, δ-2-carene (4.5-10.0% and elemol (2.7-9.0%. The essential oil from the inflorescence was tested for spasmolytic activity using three different experimental models: against spontaneous contractions, contractions induced with acetylcholine and contractions induced with potassium chloride. The oil exhibited strong, significant and dose-dependent spasmolytic activity, indicating the possibility for further investigations of this essential oil for its medicinal purposes or application in food industry. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no.173021 and Grant no. III41018

Novedades nomenclaturales en Cenchrus s.l. (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae

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Hugo F Gutiérrez

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Recientes estudios filogenéticos con datos morfológicos y moleculares aportaron evidencia sobre la monofilia de los géneros Cenchrus, Pennisetum y Odontelytrum y, por ello, se propuso su unificación y transferencia a Cenchrus, el cual tiene prioridad. Resultados preliminares de la revisión taxonómica del género Cenchrus s.l. para América (Gutiérrez, en preparación permitieron detectar problemas nomenclaturales. Para resolver dichos inconvenientes, en el presente trabajo se presentan nueve lectotipificaciones: Cenchrus bambusoides Caro & E.A. Sánchez, C. brevisetus E. Fourn., C. pennisetiformis Hochst. & Steud. var. intermedia Chiov., C. roseus E. Fourn., Gymnotrix mexicana E. Fourn., Hymenachne montana Griseb., Pennisetum amoenum Hochst. ex A. Rich., P. cenchroides Rich. var. hamphilahense Terracc., P. ciliare (L. Link var. anachoreticum Chiov., P. petraeum Steud., P. pringlei Leeke, P. tristachyum (Kunth Spreng. subsp. boliviense Chase, y se propone un nombre nuevo para Gymnotrix crinita Kunth.Nomenclatural novelties in Cenchrus s.l. (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae. Recent phylogenetic studies with morphological and molecular data provided evidence on the monophyly of the genera Cenchrus, Pennisetum and Odontelytrum. Therefore, these studies propose the unification and transfer of species of Pennisetum and Odontelytrum to the genus Cenchrus, which has priority. Nomenclatural problems were detected when conducting a preliminary taxonomic revision of the genus Cenchrus s.l. from America (Gutiérrez, in preparation. To resolve these inconveniences, nine lectotypifications: Cenchrus bambusoides Caro & E.A. Sánchez, C. brevisetus E. Fourn., C. pennisetiformis Hochst. & Steud. var. intermedia Chiov., C. roseus E. Fourn., Gymnotrix mexicana E. Fourn., Hymenachne montana Griseb., Pennisetum amoenum Hochst. ex A. Rich., P. cenchroides Rich. var. hamphilahense Terracc., P. ciliare (L. Link var. anachoreticum Chiov., P. petraeum Steud., P

A plastome primer set for comprehensive quantitative real time RT-PCR analysis of Zea mays: a starter primer set for other Poaceae species

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Dunn Sade N

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Quantitative Real Time RT-PCR (q2(RTPCR is a maturing technique which gives researchers the ability to quantify and compare very small amounts of nucleic acids. Primer design and optimization is an essential yet time consuming aspect of using q2(RTPCR. In this paper we describe the design and empirical optimization of primers to amplify and quantify plastid RNAs from Zea mays that are robust enough to use with other closely related species. Results Primers were designed and successfully optimized for 57 of the 104 reported genes in the maize plastome plus two nuclear genes. All 59 primer pairs produced single amplicons after end-point reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR as visualized on agarose gels and subsequently verified by q2(RTPCR. Primer pairs were divided into several categories based on the optimization requirements or the uniqueness of the target gene. An in silico test suggested the majority of the primer sets should work with other members of the Poaceae family. An in vitro test of the primer set on two unsequenced species (Panicum virgatum and Miscanthus sinensis supported this assumption by successfully producing single amplicons for each primer pair. Conclusion Due to the highly conserved chloroplast genome in plant families it is possible to utilize primer pairs designed against one genomic sequence to detect the presence and abundance of plastid genes or transcripts from genomes that have yet to be sequenced. Analysis of steady state transcription of vital system genes is a necessary requirement to comprehensively elucidate gene expression in any organism. The primer pairs reported in this paper were designed for q2(RTPCR of maize chloroplast genes but should be useful for other members of the Poaceae family. Both in silico and in vitro data are presented to support this assumption.

Utilisation des données d’insémination artificielle afin d’identifier l’impact d’un évènement abortif dans les élevages de bovins laitiers

OpenAIRE

Bronner , A.; Morignat, E.; Madouasse, Aurélien; Gasqui, Patrick; Gay, E.; Calavas, D.

2015-01-01

Le présent article a pour objectif de discuter de la faisabilité et de l’intérêt que représenterait le suivi d’un indicateur indirect de survenue des avortements élaboré à partir des données d’insémination artificielle, le taux d’avortements précoces, afin d’identifier l’impact d’un évènement abortif, de manière rétrospective ou prospective. Deux études sont présentées pour illustrer le propos, ayant eu pour objet d’estimer, par l’analyse des variations du taux d’avortements précoces, l’impac...

Molecular analysis of the genera eremopyrum (ledeb). jaub. and spach and agropyron gaertner (poaceae) by pcr methods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yilmaz, R.; Cabi, E.; Dogan, M.

2014-01-01

RAPD-PCR (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Polymerase Chain Reaction) and Post PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) Melting Curve Analysis (MCA) have been used to investigate the pattern of genetic variation among some species in the genera Eremopyrum (Ledeb.) Jaub. and Spach and Agropyron Gaertner (Poaceae). Thirteen primers have been used in the study based on the RAPD-PCR and MCA analyses. Each species produced a distinct pattern of DNA fragments which have been used as a measure of the degree of relationship between species by means of using the RAPD-PCR results with three primers selected for identifying the genetic similarities. Polymorphic melting profiles have been obtained with Post PCR MCA method using three primers. Genetic similarities are calculated for all the species studied with RAPD-PCR and MCA methods, the dendrograms are obtained with the MVSP (Multi Variate Statistical Package) software using UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Averages) and Jaccard's Coefficient. Polymorphism between 18 populations of Eremopyrum and 6 Agropyron populations and within the species are determined by using RAPD-PCR and Post PCR melting curve analysis (MCA) respectively. (author)

Cytomorphological studies in some members of tribe Paniceae (Poaceae) from district Kangra of Himachal Pradesh (Western Himalayas).

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Kaur, H; Kumari, S; Gupta, R C

2013-01-01

The present paper deals with cytological studies on the population basis of 21 species belonging to 9 genera of tribe Paniceae of family Poaceae from cytologically unexplored area of Western Himalayas i.e. district Kangra of Himachal Pradesh for the assessment of genetic diversity of grass flora. On world-wide basis, the chromosome counts have been made for the first time for three species such as Brachiaria remota (n = 16), Digitaria granularis (n = 36) and Isachne albens (n = 5). Similarly, on India basis, altogether new records are made for two species such as Echinochloa cruspavonis (n = 27) and Paspalum distichum (2n = 50). A comparison of the different euploid cytotypes studied at present for Digitaria adscendens, D. setigera and Oplismenus compositus revealed significant variations in their morphology, depicting increase in some of the characters of polyploid cytotypes. The course of meiosis has been observed to be normal in all the studied populations with high pollen fertility except for two species such as Paspalum dilatatum and P. distichum marked with abnormal meiosis and reduced pollen fertility.

Atividade de glutationa S-transferase na metabolização de acetochlor, atrazine e oxyfluorfen em milho (Zea mays L., sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L. e trigo (Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae Glutathione S-transferase activity in acetochlor, atrazine and oxyfluorfen metabolization in maize (Zea mays L., sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. and wheat (Triticum aestivumL. (Poaceae

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Ethel Lourenzi Barbosa Novelli

2002-05-01

Full Text Available Este experimento foi conduzido para avaliar a seletividade em plantas dos herbicidas acetochlor, atrazine e oxyfluorfen em relação à atividade da glutationa S-transferase (GST em plantas de milho (Zea mays L., sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L. e trigo (Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae. A atividade da GST foi detectada às 24, 48 e 72 horas após as aplicaç��es dos tratamentos. Os tratamentos do experimento consistiram de aplicação com água (controle, acetochlor (3 L.ha-1, atrazine (4 L.ha-1 e oxyfluorfen (1 L.ha-1. As maiores atividades de GST foram observadas na presença de acetochlor, principalmente às 48 horas após o tratamento. Esses aumentos foram 105, 148 e 118% em relação ao controle para milho, sorgo e trigo, respectivamente. É sugerido que a GST pode ter papel na degradação de acetochlor e pode ser uma das razões para a seletividade desse herbicida para essas culturas.This experiment was conducted to evaluate the acetochlor, atrazine and oxyfluorfen herbicides plant selectivity, in relation to glutathione S-transferase activity (GST in maize (Zea mays L., sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. and wheat (Triticum aestivum L (Poaceae plants. GST activity was detected 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment applications. The experiment's treatments consisted of spraying plants with water (control, acetochlor (3 L.ha-1`, atrazine (4 L.ha-1 and oxyfluorfen (1 L.ha-1. The highest GST activities were observed in presence of acetochlor, mainly at 48 hours after treatment. These increments were 105, 148 and 118% when compared to maize, sorghum and wheat control groups, respectively. It is suggested that the GST may have a role in acetochlor degradation and it may be a reason for this herbicide's selectivity in these crops.

Dataset on the structural characterization of organosolv lignin obtained from ensiled Poaceae grass and load-dependent molecular weight changes during thermoplastic processing

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Jörg Dörrstein

2018-04-01

Full Text Available This article presents experimental data of organosolv lignin from Poacea grass and structural changes after compounding and injection molding as presented in the research article “Effects of high-lignin-loading on thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of bioplastic composites” [1]. It supplements the article with morphological (SEM, spectroscopic (31P NMR, FT-IR and chromatographic (GPC, EA data of the starting lignin as well as molar mass characteristics (mass average molar mass (Mw and Polydispersity (D of the extracted lignin. Refer to Schwarz et al. [2] for a detailed description of the production of the organosolv residue and for further information on the raw material used for lignin extraction. The dataset is made publicly available and can be useful for extended lignin research and critical analyzes.

Chemical composition and cardiovascular effects induced by the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus DC. Stapf, Poaceae, in rats

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Flávia V. Moreira

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Cymbopogon citratus DC. Stapf, Poaceae, is used in the folk medicine for hypertension treatment. This work investigated the chemical composition and cardiovascular effects in rats of C. citratus essential oil (EOCC. A phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of eight constituents, being geranial the major compound (43.08%. In rats, EOCC (1, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, i.v. induced transient hypotension and bradycardia that were attenuated by atropine and sodium thiopental, but not by L-NAME or indomethacin. In rings of rat superior mesenteric artery pre-contracted with phenylephrine, EOCC (1 to 3000 µg/mL induced relaxation that was not affected after removal of the endothelium, after TEA or in rings pre-contracted with KCl (80 mM. Furthermore, EOCC (1000 µg/mL was not able to induce additional effect on maximal relaxation of nifedipine (10 µM. In conclusions, EOCC induces hypotension, possibly by reduction in vascular resistance caused by inhibition of the Ca2+ influx, and bradycardia probably due to an activation of cardiac muscarinic receptors.

Phylogenomics and taxonomy of Lecomtelleae (Poaceae), an isolated panicoid lineage from Madagascar.

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Besnard, Guillaume; Christin, Pascal-Antoine; Malé, Pierre-Jean G; Coissac, Eric; Ralimanana, Hélène; Vorontsova, Maria S

2013-10-01

An accurate characterization of biodiversity requires analyses of DNA sequences in addition to classical morphological descriptions. New methods based on high-throughput sequencing may allow investigation of specimens with a large set of genetic markers to infer their evolutionary history. In the grass family, the phylogenetic position of the monotypic genus Lecomtella, a rare bamboo-like endemic from Madagascar, has never been appropriately evaluated. Until now its taxonomic treatment has remained controversial, indicating the need for re-evaluation based on a combination of molecular and morphological data. The phylogenetic position of Lecomtella in Poaceae was evaluated based on sequences from the nuclear and plastid genomes generated by next-generation sequencing (NGS). In addition, a detailed morphological description of L. madagascariensis was produced, and its distribution and habit were investigated in order to assess its conservation status. The complete plastid sequence, a ribosomal DNA unit and fragments of low-copy nuclear genes (phyB and ppc) were obtained. All phylogenetic analyses place Lecomtella as an isolated member of the core panicoids, which last shared a common ancestor with other species >20 million years ago. Although Lecomtella exhibits morphological characters typical of Panicoideae, an unusual combination of traits supports its treatment as a separate group. The study showed that NGS can be used to generate abundant phylogenetic information rapidly, opening new avenues for grass phylogenetics. These data clearly showed that Lecomtella forms an isolated lineage, which, in combination with its morphological peculiarities, justifies its treatment as a separate tribe: Lecomtelleae. New descriptions of the tribe, genus and species are presented with a typification, a distribution map and an IUCN conservation assessment.

Phylogeny of Eleusine (Poaceae: Chloridoideae) based on nuclear ITS and plastid trnT-trnF sequences.

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Neves, Susana S; Swire-Clark, Ginger; Hilu, Khidir W; Baird, Wm Vance

2005-05-01

Phylogenetic relationships in the genus Eleusine (Poaceae: Chloridoideae) were investigated using nuclear ITS and plastid trnT-trnF sequences. Separate and combined data sets were analyzed using parsimony, distance, and likelihood based methods, including Bayesian. Data congruence was examined using character and topological measures. Significant data heterogeneity was detected, but there was little conflict in the topological substructure measures for triplets and quartets, and resolution and clade support increased in the combined analysis. Data incongruence may be a result of noise and insufficient information in the slower evolving trnT-trnF. Monophyly of Eleusine is strongly supported in all analyses, but basal relationships in the genus remain uncertain. There is good support for a CAIK clade (E. coracana subsp. coracana and africana, E. indica, and E. kigeziensis), with E. tristachya as its sister group. Two putative ITS homeologues (A and B loci) were identified in the allotetraploid E. coracana; the 'B' locus sequence type was not found in the remaining species. Eleusine coracana and its putative 'A' genome donor, the diploid E. indica, are confirmed close allies, but sequence data contradicts the hypothesis that E. floccifolia is its second genome donor. The 'B' genome donor remains unidentified and may be extinct.

Transcriptomic analysis, genic SSR development, and genetic diversity of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum; Poaceae).

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Hou, Siyu; Sun, Zhaoxia; Li, Yaoshen; Wang, Yijie; Ling, Hubin; Xing, Guofang; Han, Yuanhuai; Li, Hongying

2017-07-01

Proso millet ( Panicum miliaceum ; Poaceae) is a minor crop with good nutritional qualities and strong tolerance to drought stress and soil infertility. However, studies on genetic diversity have been limited due to a lack of efficient genetic markers. Illumina sequencing technology was used to generate short read sequences of proso millet, and de novo transcriptome assemblies were used to develop a de novo assembly of proso millet. Genic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were identified and used to detect polymorphism among 56 accessions. Population structure and genetic similarity coefficient were estimated. In total, 25,341 unique gene sequences and 4724 SSR loci were obtained from the transcriptome, of which 229 pairs of SSR primers were validated, which resulted in 14 polymorphic genic SSR primers exhibiting 43 total alleles. According to the ratio of polymorphic markers (6.1%, 14/229), there are potentially 288 polymorphic genic SSR markers available for genetic assay development in the future. Bayesian population analyses showed that the 56 accessions comprised two distinct groups. A genetic structure and cluster assay indicated that the accessions from the Loess Plateau of China shared a high genetic similarity coefficient with those from other regions and that there was no correlation between genetic diversity and geographic origin. The transcriptome sequencing data and millet-specific SSR markers developed in this study establish an excellent resource for gene discovery and may improve the development of breeding programs in proso millet in the future.

Cercosporoid fungi (Mycosphaerellaceae) 2. Species on monocots (Acoraceae to Xyridaceae, excluding Poaceae).

Science.gov (United States)

Braun, Uwe; Crous, Pedro W; Nakashima, Chiharu

2014-12-01

Cercosporoid fungi (formerly Cercospora s. lat.) represent one of the largest groups of hyphomycetes belonging to the Mycosphaerellaceae (Ascomycota). They include asexual morphs, asexual holomorphs, or species with mycosphaerella-like sexual morphs. Most of them are leaf-spotting plant pathogens with special phytopathological relevance. In the first part of a new monographic work, cercosporoid hyphomycetes occurring on other fungi (fungicolous species), on ferns (pteridophytes) and gymnosperms were treated. This second part deals with cercosporoid fungi on monocots (Liliopsida; Equisetopsida, Magnoliidae, Lilianae), which covers species occurring on host plants belonging to families arranged in alphabetical order from Acoraceae to Xyridaceae, excluding Poaceae (cereals and grasses) which requires a separate treatment. The species are described and illustrated in alphabetical order under the particular cercosporoid genera, supplemented by keys to the species concerned. A detailed introduction, a survey of currently recognised cercosporoid genera, a key to the genera concerned, and a discussion of taxonomically relevant characters were published in the first part of this series. Neopseudocercospora, an additional recently introduced cercosporoid genus, is briefly discussed. The following taxonomic novelties are introduced: Cercospora alpiniigena sp. nov., C. neomaricae sp. nov., Corynespora palmicola comb. nov., Exosporium miyakei comb. nov., E. petersii comb. nov., Neopseudocercospora zambiensis comb. nov., Passalora caladiicola comb. nov., P. streptopi comb. nov., P. togashiana comb. nov., P. tranzschelii var. chinensis var. nov., Pseudocercospora beaucarneae comb. nov., P. constrictoflexuosa comb. et stat. nov., P. curcumicola sp. nov., P. dispori comb. nov., P. smilacicola sp. nov., P. urariigena nom. nov., Zasmidium agavicola comb. nov., Z. cercestidis-afzelii comb. nov., Z. citri-griseum comb. nov., Z. cyrtopodii comb. nov., Z. gahnae comb. nov., Z. indicum

Variação dos teores de constituintes voláteis de Cymbopogon citratus (DC Staf, Poaceae, coletados em diferentes regiões do Estado de São Paulo Variation in the amounts of volatile constituents of Cymbopogon citratus (DC Staf, Poaceae, collected in different regions of São Paulo State

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Marcos R. Furlan

2010-11-01

Full Text Available O óleo essencial extraído de Cymbopogon citratus (DC Staf, Poaceae, é rico em citral sendo amplamente empregado na indústria química e farmacêutica. Os objetivos desse estudo foram avaliar o conteúdo de citral entre populações de C. citratus coletados em duas regiões diferentes (Ibiúna e Pindamonhangaba, Estado de São Paulo. O óleo essencial extraído de uma população cultivada em Pindamonhangaba-SP apresentou uma concentração alta de citral (aproximadamente 96,0%, enquanto que o óleo extraído da população de Ibiúna-SP apresentou, além de citral, proporções elevadas de outro monoterpeno, o geraniol. Adicionalmente, os óleos essenciais obtidos desta população de C. citratus foram extraídos e analisados ao longo de 24 h (a cada 3 h, sendo que o teor de citral foi maior no período da noite, o que mostra a importância de estudos que avaliam as diferenças químicas associadas às mudanças circadianas. Os componentes dos óleos essenciais foram identificados por RMN de 13C, CG/EM e CG através do índice de Kovats.The essential oil extracted from Cymbopogon citratus (DC Staf, Poaceae, is rich in citral and has many applications in chemical and pharmaceutical industry. The aims of this study were evaluate the amount of citral in populations of C. citratus collected in two different regions (Ibiúna and Pindamonhangaba, São Paulo State. The essential oil extracted of a cultivated population in Pidamonhangaba-SP, showed a high content of citral (approximately 96.0%, while the essential oil from Ibiuna-SP, showed citral and high amounts of another monoterpene, geraniol. Additionally, the essential oils from this population of C. citratus were extracted and analyzed during 24 h (each 3 h, being the major concentration of citral in the night period, indicating that studies which evaluated the chemical differences associated to circadian changes. The components of essential oils were identified through 13C NMR, GC/MS, GC and

Facilitation of a native pest of rice, Stenotus rubrovittatus (Hemiptera: Miridae), by the non-native Lolium multiflorum (Cyperales: Poaceae) in an agricultural landscape.

Science.gov (United States)

Yoshioka, Akira; Takada, Mayura; Washitani, Izumi

2011-10-01

Source populations of polyphagous pests often occur on host plants other than the economically damaged crop. We evaluated the contribution of patches of a non-native meadow grass, Lolium multiflorum Lam. (Poaceae), and other weeds growing in fallow fields or meadows as source hosts of an important native pest of rice, Stenotus rubrovittatus (Matsumura) (Hemiptera: Miridae), in an agricultural landscape of northern Japan. Periodical censuses of this mirid bug by using the sweeping method, vegetation surveys, and statistical analysis revealed that L. multiflorum was the only plant species that was positively correlated with the density of adult S. rubrovittatus through two generations and thus may be the most stable and important host of the mirid bug early in the season before the colonization of rice paddies. The risk and cost of such an indirect negative effect on a crop plant through facilitation of a native pest by a non-native plant in the agricultural landscape should not be overlooked.

Transcriptomic analysis, genic SSR development, and genetic diversity of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum; Poaceae)1

Science.gov (United States)

Hou, Siyu; Sun, Zhaoxia; Li, Yaoshen; Wang, Yijie; Ling, Hubin; Xing, Guofang; Han, Yuanhuai; Li, Hongying

2017-01-01

Premise of the study: Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum; Poaceae) is a minor crop with good nutritional qualities and strong tolerance to drought stress and soil infertility. However, studies on genetic diversity have been limited due to a lack of efficient genetic markers. Methods: Illumina sequencing technology was used to generate short read sequences of proso millet, and de novo transcriptome assemblies were used to develop a de novo assembly of proso millet. Genic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were identified and used to detect polymorphism among 56 accessions. Population structure and genetic similarity coefficient were estimated. Results: In total, 25,341 unique gene sequences and 4724 SSR loci were obtained from the transcriptome, of which 229 pairs of SSR primers were validated, which resulted in 14 polymorphic genic SSR primers exhibiting 43 total alleles. According to the ratio of polymorphic markers (6.1%, 14/229), there are potentially 288 polymorphic genic SSR markers available for genetic assay development in the future. Bayesian population analyses showed that the 56 accessions comprised two distinct groups. Discussion: A genetic structure and cluster assay indicated that the accessions from the Loess Plateau of China shared a high genetic similarity coefficient with those from other regions and that there was no correlation between genetic diversity and geographic origin. The transcriptome sequencing data and millet-specific SSR markers developed in this study establish an excellent resource for gene discovery and may improve the development of breeding programs in proso millet in the future. PMID:28791202

Black Rice (Oryza sativa L., Poaceae) Extract Reduces Hippocampal Neuronal Cell Death Induced by Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia in Mice.

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Hwang, Sun-Nyoung; Kim, Jae-Cheon; Bhuiyan, Mohammad Iqbal Hossain; Kim, Joo Youn; Yang, Ji Seon; Yoon, Shin Hee; Yoon, Kee Dong; Kim, Seong Yun

2018-04-01

Rice is the most commonly consumed grain in the world. Black rice has been suggested to contain various bioactive compounds including anthocyanin antioxidants. There is currently little information about the nutritional benefits of black rice on brain pathology. Here, we investigated the effects of black rice ( Oryza sativa L ., Poaceae) extract (BRE) on the hippocampal neuronal damage induced by ischemic insult. BRE (300 mg/kg) was orally administered to adult male C57BL/6 mice once a day for 21 days. Bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) was performed for 23 min on the 8th day of BRE or vehicle administration. Histological analyses conducted on the 22nd day of BRE or vehicle administration revealed that administering BRE profoundly attenuated neuronal cell death, inhibited reactive astrogliosis, and prevented loss of glutathione peroxidase expression in the hippocampus when compared to vehicle treatment. In addition, BRE considerably ameliorated BCCAO-induced memory impairment on the Morris water maze test from the 15th day to the 22nd day of BRE or vehicle administration. These results indicate that chronic administration of BRE is potentially beneficial in cerebral ischemia.

Complete chloroplast genome sequences of Hordeum vulgare, Sorghum bicolor and Agrostis stolonifera, and comparative analyses with other grass genomes

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Saski, Christopher; Lee, Seung-Bum; Fjellheim, Siri; Guda, Chittibabu; Jansen, Robert K.; Luo, Hong; Tomkins, Jeffrey; Rognli, Odd Arne; Clarke, Jihong Liu

2009-01-01

Comparisons of complete chloroplast genome sequences of Hordeum vulgare, Sorghum bicolor and Agrostis stolonifera to six published grass chloroplast genomes reveal that gene content and order are similar but two microstructural changes have occurred. First, the expansion of the IR at the SSC/IRa boundary that duplicates a portion of the 5′ end of ndhH is restricted to the three genera of the subfamily Pooideae (Agrostis, Hordeum and Triticum). Second, a 6 bp deletion in ndhK is shared by Agrostis, Hordeum, Oryza and Triticum, and this event supports the sister relationship between the subfamilies Erhartoideae and Pooideae. Repeat analysis identified 19–37 direct and inverted repeats 30 bp or longer with a sequence identity of at least 90%. Seventeen of the 26 shared repeats are found in all the grass chloroplast genomes examined and are located in the same genes or intergenic spacer (IGS) regions. Examination of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) identified 16–21 potential polymorphic SSRs. Five IGS regions have 100% sequence identity among Zea mays, Saccharum officinarum and Sorghum bicolor, whereas no spacer regions were identical among Oryza sativa, Triticum aestivum, H. vulgare and A. stolonifera despite their close phylogenetic relationship. Alignment of EST sequences and DNA coding sequences identified six C–U conversions in both Sorghum bicolor and H. vulgare but only one in A. stolonifera. Phylogenetic trees based on DNA sequences of 61 protein-coding genes of 38 taxa using both maximum parsimony and likelihood methods provide moderate support for a sister relationship between the subfamilies Erhartoideae and Pooideae. PMID:17534593

Influence of host and geographic locale on the distribution of Colletotrichum cereale lineages

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Colletotrichum cereale is an ascomycete inhabitant of cool-season grasses of the Pooideae subfamily. The fungus has increased in frequency over the past decade as a destructive pathogen of Poa annua and Agrostis stolonifera cultivated as turfgrass. DNA fingerprinting has revealed two distinct C. c...

Genome sequence analysis of the model grass Brachypodium distachyon: insights into grass genome evolution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schulman, Al

2009-08-09

Three subfamilies of grasses, the Erhardtoideae (rice), the Panicoideae (maize, sorghum, sugar cane and millet), and the Pooideae (wheat, barley and cool season forage grasses) provide the basis of human nutrition and are poised to become major sources of renewable energy. Here we describe the complete genome sequence of the wild grass Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium), the first member of the Pooideae subfamily to be completely sequenced. Comparison of the Brachypodium, rice and sorghum genomes reveals a precise sequence- based history of genome evolution across a broad diversity of the grass family and identifies nested insertions of whole chromosomes into centromeric regions as a predominant mechanism driving chromosome evolution in the grasses. The relatively compact genome of Brachypodium is maintained by a balance of retroelement replication and loss. The complete genome sequence of Brachypodium, coupled to its exceptional promise as a model system for grass research, will support the development of new energy and food crops

Meristem identity and phyllotaxis in inflorescence development

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Madelaine Elisabeth Bartlett

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Inflorescence morphology is incredibly diverse. This diversity of form has been a fruitful source of inquiry for plant morphologists for more than a century. Work in the grasses (Poaceae, the tomato family (Solanaceae, and Arabidopsis (Brassicaceae has led to a richer understanding of the molecular genetics underlying this diversity. The character of individual meristems, a combination of the number (determinacy and nature (identity of the products a meristem produces, is key in the development of plant form. A framework that describes inflorescence development in terms of shifting meristem identities has emerged and garnered empirical support in a number of model systems. We discuss this framework and highlight one important aspect of meristem identity that is often considered in isolation, phyllotaxis. Phyllotaxis refers to the arrangement of lateral organs around a central axis. The development and evolution of phyllotaxis in the inflorescence remains underexplored, but recent work analyzing early inflorescence development in the grasses identified an evolutionary shift in primary branch phyllotaxis in the Pooideae. We discuss the evidence for an intimate connection between meristem identity and phyllotaxis in both the inflorescence and vegetative shoot, and touch on what is known about the establishment of phyllotactic patterns in the meristem. Localized auxin maxima are instrumental in determining the position of lateral primordia. Upstream factors that regulate the position of these maxima remain unclear, and how phyllotactic patterns change over the course of a plant’s lifetime and evolutionary time, is largely unknown. A more complete understanding of the molecular underpinnings of phyllotaxis and architectural diversity in inflorescences will require capitalizing on the extensive resources available in existing genetic systems, and developing new model systems that more fully represent the diversity of plant morphology.

Meristem identity and phyllotaxis in inflorescence development.

Science.gov (United States)

Bartlett, Madelaine E; Thompson, Beth

2014-01-01

Inflorescence morphology is incredibly diverse. This diversity of form has been a fruitful source of inquiry for plant morphologists for more than a century. Work in the grasses (Poaceae), the tomato family (Solanaceae), and Arabidopsis thaliana (Brassicaceae) has led to a richer understanding of the molecular genetics underlying this diversity. The character of individual meristems, a combination of the number (determinacy) and nature (identity) of the products a meristem produces, is key in the development of plant form. A framework that describes inflorescence development in terms of shifting meristem identities has emerged and garnered empirical support in a number of model systems. We discuss this framework and highlight one important aspect of meristem identity that is often considered in isolation, phyllotaxis. Phyllotaxis refers to the arrangement of lateral organs around a central axis. The development and evolution of phyllotaxis in the inflorescence remains underexplored, but recent work analyzing early inflorescence development in the grasses identified an evolutionary shift in primary branch phyllotaxis in the Pooideae. We discuss the evidence for an intimate connection between meristem identity and phyllotaxis in both the inflorescence and vegetative shoot, and touch on what is known about the establishment of phyllotactic patterns in the meristem. Localized auxin maxima are instrumental in determining the position of lateral primordia. Upstream factors that regulate the position of these maxima remain unclear, and how phyllotactic patterns change over the course of a plant's lifetime and evolutionary time, is largely unknown. A more complete understanding of the molecular underpinnings of phyllotaxis and architectural diversity in inflorescences will require capitalizing on the extensive resources available in existing genetic systems, and developing new model systems that more fully represent the diversity of plant morphology.

Effects of livestock exclusion on density, survival and biomass of the perennial sagebrush grass Hymenachne pernambucense (Poaceae) from a temperate fluvial wetland

Science.gov (United States)

Magnano, Andrea L.; Nanni, Analía S.; Krug, Pamela; Astrada, Elizabeth; Vicari, Ricardo; Quintana, Rubén D.

2018-01-01

In Argentina, the intensification of soybean production has displaced a substantial proportion of cattle ranching to fluvial wetlands such as those in the Delta of the Paraná River. Cattle grazing affects structure and dynamics of native forage plants but there is little information on this impact in populations from fluvial wetlands. This study addresses the effect of cattle ranching on density, survival, mean life-span and aerial biomass of Hymenachne pernambucense (Poaceae), an important forage species in the region. The study was carried out monthly for one year in permanents plots subject to continuous grazing and plots excluded from grazing in the Middle Delta of the Paraná River. In plots excluded from grazing, tillers showed significantly higher population density and survival, and a two-fold increase in mean life-span, while continuous grazing decreased survival of cohorts. The largest contribution to tiller density in ungrazed and grazed populations was made by spring and summer cohorts, respectively. Total and green biomass were significantly higher in the ungrazed population, with highest differences in late spring-early summer. Cattle grazing affected the relationship between tiller density and green biomass suggesting that cattle prefer sprouts because they are more palatable and nutritious than older tissue.

The influence of land use on soil organic carbon and nitrogen content and redox potential

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kusliene, Gedrime

2010-01-01

different farming systems (conventional and organic) as well as abandoned lands. We choose the plants of two botanical species (Poaceae and Fabaceae) in organic and conventional farming systems as well as abandoned lands. Experimental results show that the best soil organic matter status according...... to the investigated indexes is in the soils of conventional and orgaic farming systems occupied with mixtures of Poaceae and Fabaceae and the worst - in the soils of abandoned Poaceae meadowa. In the abandoned lands, Fabaceae (galega) had better influence on soil organic matter status than Poaceae....

Chloroplast phylogenomic analyses resolve deep-level relationships of an intractable bamboo tribe Arundinarieae (poaceae).

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Ma, Peng-Fei; Zhang, Yu-Xiao; Zeng, Chun-Xia; Guo, Zhen-Hua; Li, De-Zhu

2014-11-01

The temperate woody bamboos constitute a distinct tribe Arundinarieae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) with high species diversity. Estimating phylogenetic relationships among the 11 major lineages of Arundinarieae has been particularly difficult, owing to a possible rapid radiation and the extremely low rate of sequence divergence. Here, we explore the use of chloroplast genome sequencing for phylogenetic inference. We sampled 25 species (22 temperate bamboos and 3 outgroups) for the complete genome representing eight major lineages of Arundinarieae in an attempt to resolve backbone relationships. Phylogenetic analyses of coding versus noncoding sequences, and of different regions of the genome (large single copy and small single copy, and inverted repeat regions) yielded no well-supported contradicting topologies but potential incongruence was found between the coding and noncoding sequences. The use of various data partitioning schemes in analysis of the complete sequences resulted in nearly identical topologies and node support values, although the partitioning schemes were decisively different from each other as to the fit to the data. Our full genomic data set substantially increased resolution along the backbone and provided strong support for most relationships despite the very short internodes and long branches in the tree. The inferred relationships were also robust to potential confounding factors (e.g., long-branch attraction) and received support from independent indels in the genome. We then added taxa from the three Arundinarieae lineages that were not included in the full-genome data set; each of these were sampled for more than 50% genome sequences. The resulting trees not only corroborated the reconstructed deep-level relationships but also largely resolved the phylogenetic placements of these three additional lineages. Furthermore, adding 129 additional taxa sampled for only eight chloroplast loci to the combined data set yielded almost identical

Linkage Maps of a Mediterranean × Continental Tall Fescue Population and their Comparative Analysis with Other Poaceae Species

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Ryan Dierking

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Temperate grasses belonging to the complex are important throughout the world in pasture and grassland agriculture. Tall fescue ( Schreb. is the predominant species in the United States, covering approximately 15 million ha. Tall fescue has distinctive morphotypes, two of which are Continental (summer active and Mediterranean (summer semidormant. This is the first report of a linkage map created for Mediterranean tall fescue, while updating the Continental map with additional simple sequence repeat and sequence-tagged site markers. Additionally, this is the first time that diversity arrays technology (DArT markers were used in the construction of a tall fescue map. The male parent (Continental, R43-64, map consisted of 594 markers arranged in 22 linkage groups (LGs and covered a total of 1577 cM. The female parent (Mediterranean, 103-2, map was shorter (1258 cM and consisted of only 208 markers arranged in 29 LGs. Marker densities for R43-64 and 103-2 were 2.65 and 6.08 cM per marker, respectively. When compared with the other Poaceae species, meadow fescue ( Huds., annual ryegrass ( Lam., perennial ryegrass ( L., (L. Beauv., and barley ( L., a total of 171 and 98 orthologous or homologous sequences, identified by DArT analysis, were identified in R43-64 and 103-2, respectively. By using genomic in situ hybridization, we aimed to identify potential progenitors of both morphotypes. However, no clear conclusion on genomic constitution was reached. These maps will aid in the search for quantitative trait loci of various traits as well as help define and distinguish genetic differences between the two morphotypes.

INVENTARISASI HIJAUAN PAKAN KUDA PACUAN DI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT

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Sudirman Sudirman

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Pacuan kuda dilaksanakan setiap tahun di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat yang diikuti oleh tidak kurang dari 700 ekor kuda pacuan dalam lima kelas lomba. Kegiatan ini umumnya berlangsung selama 1-2 minggu di Pulau Sumbawa dan senantiasa menjadi agenda hiburan rakyat serangkaian dengan acara perayaan hari-hari besar nasional maupun regional dan/atau lokal. Selama kurun waktu tersebut, semua kuda yang akan dilombakan diberikan pakan berupa hijauan dari jenis tumbuhan tertentu dan/atau spesifik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1 menginventarisisr jenis-jenis tumbuhan yang dijadikan hijauan pakan kuda pacuan selama lomba berlangsung, dan (2 mengkaji komposisi nutrisi jenis hijauan pakan dimaksud. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data pada penelitian ini adalah metode observasi dan wawancara. Semua kuda pacuan yang berasal dari beberapa kabupaten di provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat yangmengikuti lomba pacuan kuda di kabupaten Sumbawa tahun 2012 diamati pemberian pakannya, kemudian dilakukan identifikasi dan analisis komposisi nutrisi jenis hijauan yang diberikan. Untuk mengetahui jenis pakan yang diberikan, dilakukan pengamatan langsung dan wawancara dengan peternak kuda pacuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tercatat 9 jenis tumbuhan (2 famili, 8 marga yang diberikan pada kuda pacuan selama lomba berlangsung, yaitu Alysicarpus vaginalis (Fabaceae, Desmodium dichotomum (Fabaceae, Cynodon dactylon (Poaceae, Cynodon sp. (Poaceae, Dactyloctenium aegyptium (Poaceae, Brachiaria sp. (Poaceae, Eleusine indica (Poaceae, Eulalia fimbriata (Poaceae dan Leersia hexandra (Poaceae. Hijauan pakan diberikan pada kuda pacuan dalam bentuk pakan tunggal maupun kombinasi diantara jenis-jenis tumbuhan tersebut dengan komposisi nutrisi yang berbeda.

Diseño de un sistema de control de gestión aplicando una reingeniería de procesos al área de abastecimiento (compras e importaciones) en una empresa que se dedica al desarrollo, producción y comercialización de vinos, licores y demás productos afines

OpenAIRE

Albán Del Salto, Shirley Juliana; Eugenio Gonzalez, Melissa Tamara

2013-01-01

Este proyecto fue aplicado a una compañía dedicada al desarrollo, producción y comercialización de vinos, licores y demás productos afines. En vista de su constante crecimiento, esta empresa decidió realizar un cambio sustancial en el sistema de compras que utilizaba para una mejora en el uso de los recursos materiales y financieros. Motivo por el cual optó valerse de un Sistema de Control de Gestión basado en indicadores de Gestión y desempeño para el proceso de compras, el mismo que básicam...

histone H3 predominantly mark the pericentromeric chromatin

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

SANTOSH KUMAR SHARMA

pericentromeric chromatin during mitosis in monokinetic plants. J. Genet. .... bigger), cytological preparations (easy to difficult) as well as their habitat ... Poaceae. Monocot. Land. 14. Triticum aestivum. Common wheat. Poaceae. Monocot. Land.

e Ciências Afins (MAST

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Marcus Granato

2005-01-01

Full Text Available MAST is a science and technology museum located in the grounds and architectural complex belonging to the former Observatório Nacional in Rio de Janeiro. This complex, concluded in 1921, comprises of 16 buildings, and was listed by the Artistic and Historic National (1986 and State (1987 Heritage. This complex features three pavilions sheltering the equatorial telescopes, typical examples of Architecture and Engineering buildings for Astronomic purposes. Two of these pavilions, all of which are under the care of MAST, shelter the 21 cm and 32 cm telescopes, plus a third, part of the National Observatory, which houses the 46 cm equatorial telescope. The present study is the result of the work undertaken by MAST to preserve and restore the historical buildings under its responsibility. Thanks to a partnership set up with the Vitae Foundation, it has been possible to develop restoration work covering all aspects of the pavilions (moving metal dome, building, scientific instrument, as well as the area’s museography, with a view to informing visitors about the restoration work undertaken. The project, based on the historical research on the complex, was carried out by a multidisciplinary team over two years. Each stage of the work was comprehensively photographed, including the intervention project design, which was based on architectural surveys and the diagnosis of the complex’s state of repair, plus the restoration per se. This is a groundbreaking initiative in Latin America and will serve as an example for future actions to be taken on historical buildings, especially those built for scientific and technological purposes.

Afinal, quem foi Sacher-Masoch?

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Cassandra Pereira França

2012-06-01

Full Text Available O artigo pretende aprofundar o conhecimento a respeito do masoquismo, resgatando dados da biografia e da obra de Sacher-Masoch, com base na leitura de Gilles Deleuze. Lendo A Vênus das peles, constata-se que Sacher-Masoch explicita os aspectos formal, estético e contratual do masoquismo, propostos por Deleuze. Justifica-se a importância de se ler diretamente a obra de Masoch para se ter acesso a aspectos da lógica do masoquismo que não têm sido levados em conta nos estudos sobre o tema.

Testing efficacy of distance and tree-based methods for DNA barcoding of grasses (Poaceae tribe Poeae) in Australia.

Science.gov (United States)

Birch, Joanne L; Walsh, Neville G; Cantrill, David J; Holmes, Gareth D; Murphy, Daniel J

2017-01-01

In Australia, Poaceae tribe Poeae are represented by 19 genera and 99 species, including economically and environmentally important native and introduced pasture grasses [e.g. Poa (Tussock-grasses) and Lolium (Ryegrasses)]. We used this tribe, which are well characterised in regards to morphological diversity and evolutionary relationships, to test the efficacy of DNA barcoding methods. A reference library was generated that included 93.9% of species in Australia (408 individuals, [Formula: see text] = 3.7 individuals per species). Molecular data were generated for official plant barcoding markers (rbcL, matK) and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. We investigated accuracy of specimen identifications using distance- (nearest neighbour, best-close match, and threshold identification) and tree-based (maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference) methods and applied species discovery methods (automatic barcode gap discovery, Poisson tree processes) based on molecular data to assess congruence with recognised species. Across all methods, success rate for specimen identification of genera was high (87.5-99.5%) and of species was low (25.6-44.6%). Distance- and tree-based methods were equally ineffective in providing accurate identifications for specimens to species rank (26.1-44.6% and 25.6-31.3%, respectively). The ITS marker achieved the highest success rate for specimen identification at both generic and species ranks across the majority of methods. For distance-based analyses the best-close match method provided the greatest accuracy for identification of individuals with a high percentage of "correct" (97.6%) and a low percentage of "incorrect" (0.3%) generic identifications, based on the ITS marker. For tribe Poeae, and likely for other grass lineages, sequence data in the standard DNA barcode markers are not variable enough for accurate identification of specimens to species rank. For recently diverged grass species similar challenges are

Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Responses to Sorghum bicolor (Poales: Poaceae) Tissues From Lowered Lignin Lines.

Science.gov (United States)

Dowd, Patrick F; Sattler, Scott E

2015-01-01

The presence of lignin within biomass impedes the production of liquid fuels. Plants with altered lignin content and composition are more amenable to lignocellulosic conversion to ethanol and other biofuels but may be more susceptible to insect damage where lignin is an important resistance factor. However, reduced lignin lines of switchgrasses still retained insect resistance in prior studies. Therefore, we hypothesized that sorghum lines with lowered lignin content will also retain insect resistance. Sorghum excised leaves and stalk pith Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poales: Poaceae) from near isogenic brown midrib (bmr) 6 and 12 mutants lines, which have lowered lignin content and increased lignocellulosic ethanol conversion efficiency, were examined for insect resistance relative to wild-type (normal BTx623). Greenhouse and growth chamber grown plant tissues were fed to first-instar larvae of corn earworms, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) and fall armyworms Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), two sorghum major pests. Younger bmr leaves had significantly greater feeding damage in some assays than wild-type leaves, but older bmr6 leaves generally had significantly less damage than wild-type leaves. Caterpillars feeding on the bmr6 leaves often weighed significantly less than those feeding on wild-type leaves, especially in the S. frugiperda assays. Larvae fed the pith from bmr stalks had significantly higher mortality compared with those larvae fed on wild-type pith, which suggested that bmr pith was more toxic. Thus, reducing lignin content or changing subunit composition of bioenergy grasses does not necessarily increase their susceptibility to insects and may result in increased resistance, which would contribute to sustainable production. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of America 2015. This work is written by US Government employees and is in the public domain in the US.

Commelinid Monocotyledon Lignins Are Acylated by p-Coumarate1[OPEN

Science.gov (United States)

Free, Heather C.A.; Smith, Bronwen G.

2018-01-01

Commelinid monocotyledons are a monophyletic clade differentiated from other monocotyledons by the presence of cell wall-bound ferulate and p-coumarate. The Poaceae, or grass family, is a member of this group, and most of the p-coumarate in the cell walls of this family acylates lignin. Here, we isolated and examined lignified cell wall preparations from 10 species of commelinid monocotyledons from nine families other than Poaceae, including species from all four commelinid monocotyledon orders (Poales, Zingiberales, Commelinales, and Arecales). We showed that, as in the Poaceae, lignin-linked p-coumarate occurs exclusively on the hydroxyl group on the γ-carbon of lignin unit side chains, mostly on syringyl units. Although the mechanism of acylation has not been studied directly in these species, it is likely to be similar to that in the Poaceae and involve BAHD acyl-coenzyme A:monolignol transferases. PMID:29724771

Karyotype evolution in Phalaris (Poaceae): The role of reductional dysploidy, polyploidy and chromosome alteration in a wide-spread and diverse genus.

Science.gov (United States)

Winterfeld, Grit; Becher, Hannes; Voshell, Stephanie; Hilu, Khidir; Röser, Martin

2018-01-01

Karyotype characteristics can provide valuable information on genome evolution and speciation, in particular in taxa with varying basic chromosome numbers and ploidy levels. Due to its worldwide distribution, remarkable variability in morphological traits and the fact that ploidy change plays a key role in its evolution, the canary grass genus Phalaris (Poaceae) is an excellent study system to investigate the role of chromosomal changes in species diversification and expansion. Phalaris comprises diploid species with two basic chromosome numbers of x = 6 and 7 as well as polyploids based on x = 7. To identify distinct karyotype structures and to trace chromosome evolution within the genus, we apply fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) of 5S and 45S rDNA probes in four diploid and four tetraploid Phalaris species of both basic numbers. The data agree with a dysploid reduction from x = 7 to x = 6 as the result of reciprocal translocations between three chromosomes of an ancestor with a diploid chromosome complement of 2n = 14. We recognize three different genomes in the genus: (1) the exclusively Mediterranean genome A based on x = 6, (2) the cosmopolitan genome B based on x = 7 and (3) a genome C based on x = 7 and with a distribution in the Mediterranean and the Middle East. Both auto- and allopolyploidy of genomes B and C are suggested for the formation of tetraploids. The chromosomal divergence observed in Phalaris can be explained by the occurrence of dysploidy, the emergence of three different genomes, and the chromosome rearrangements accompanied by karyotype change and polyploidization. Mapping the recognized karyotypes on the existing phylogenetic tree suggests that genomes A and C are restricted to sections Phalaris and Bulbophalaris, respectively, while genome B occurs across all taxa with x = 7.

Karyotype evolution in Phalaris (Poaceae: The role of reductional dysploidy, polyploidy and chromosome alteration in a wide-spread and diverse genus.

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Grit Winterfeld

Full Text Available Karyotype characteristics can provide valuable information on genome evolution and speciation, in particular in taxa with varying basic chromosome numbers and ploidy levels. Due to its worldwide distribution, remarkable variability in morphological traits and the fact that ploidy change plays a key role in its evolution, the canary grass genus Phalaris (Poaceae is an excellent study system to investigate the role of chromosomal changes in species diversification and expansion. Phalaris comprises diploid species with two basic chromosome numbers of x = 6 and 7 as well as polyploids based on x = 7. To identify distinct karyotype structures and to trace chromosome evolution within the genus, we apply fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH of 5S and 45S rDNA probes in four diploid and four tetraploid Phalaris species of both basic numbers. The data agree with a dysploid reduction from x = 7 to x = 6 as the result of reciprocal translocations between three chromosomes of an ancestor with a diploid chromosome complement of 2n = 14. We recognize three different genomes in the genus: (1 the exclusively Mediterranean genome A based on x = 6, (2 the cosmopolitan genome B based on x = 7 and (3 a genome C based on x = 7 and with a distribution in the Mediterranean and the Middle East. Both auto- and allopolyploidy of genomes B and C are suggested for the formation of tetraploids. The chromosomal divergence observed in Phalaris can be explained by the occurrence of dysploidy, the emergence of three different genomes, and the chromosome rearrangements accompanied by karyotype change and polyploidization. Mapping the recognized karyotypes on the existing phylogenetic tree suggests that genomes A and C are restricted to sections Phalaris and Bulbophalaris, respectively, while genome B occurs across all taxa with x = 7.

Global grass (Poaceae) success underpinned by traits facilitating colonization, persistence and habitat transformation.

Science.gov (United States)

Linder, H P; Lehmann, Caroline E R; Archibald, Sally; Osborne, Colin P; Richardson, David M

2018-05-01

Poaceae (the grasses) is arguably the most successful plant family, in terms of its global occurrence in (almost) all ecosystems with angiosperms, its ecological dominance in many ecosystems, and high species richness. We suggest that the success of grasses is best understood in context of their capacity to colonize, persist, and transform environments (the "Viking syndrome"). This results from combining effective long-distance dispersal, efficacious establishment biology, ecological flexibility, resilience to disturbance and the capacity to modify environments by changing the nature of fire and mammalian herbivory. We identify a diverse set of functional traits linked to dispersal, establishment and competitive abilities. Enhanced long-distance dispersal is determined by anemochory, epizoochory and endozoochory and is facilitated via the spikelet (and especially the awned lemma) which functions as the dispersal unit. Establishment success could be a consequence of the precocious embryo and large starch reserves, which may underpin the extremely short generation times in grasses. Post-establishment genetic bottlenecks may be mitigated by wind pollination and the widespread occurrence of polyploidy, in combination with gametic self-incompatibility. The ecological competitiveness of grasses is corroborated by their dominance across the range of environmental extremes tolerated by angiosperms, facilitated by both C 3 and C 4 photosynthesis, well-developed frost tolerance in several clades, and a sympodial growth form that enabled the evolution of both annual and long-lived life forms. Finally, absence of investment in wood (except in bamboos), and the presence of persistent buds at or below ground level, provides tolerance of repeated defoliation (whether by fire, frost, drought or herbivores). Biotic modification of environments via feedbacks with herbivory or fire reinforce grass dominance leading to open ecosystems. Grasses can be both palatable and productive

Airborne study of grass allergen (Lol p 1) in different-sized particles.

Science.gov (United States)

De Linares, C; Díaz de la Guardia, C; Nieto Lugilde, D; Alba, F

2010-01-01

The Poaceae family is considered one of the main causes of pollen allergy in industrialized countries. The aim of this study is to establish the dynamics of the Poaceae allergens and determine their distribution in the different-sized particles in the atmosphere. The air of Granada (southern Spain) was sampled during the pollination period of Poaceae using a cascade impactor and a Hirst-type volumetric collector simultaneously. The sampled airborne allergens were analyzed by indirect ELISA and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Airborne pollen was evaluated with the Spanish Aerobiological Network methodology. Poaceae pollen and allergenic activity have parallel dynamics during the period of maximum pollination, which is reflected in the positive correlations between the 2 variables. In addition, the highest Lol p 1 concentrations were recorded in particle sizes lower than 3.3 mum (stage 4-F). The Spearman correlation test showed that airborne allergens are not dependent on meteorological factors, such as humidity, wind direction or sunshine, however, Lol p 1 allergen correlated positively with Poaceae pollen. The results of the present study confirm that the Lol p 1 allergen is detected more frequently with pollutants than with coarse particles with similar dynamics and a positive correlation between airborne pollen and aeroallergens. Moreover, Lol p 1 is released in stable weather conditions without large changes in humidity or temperature. Copyright 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Allotetraploid origin and divergence in Eleusine (Chloridoideae, Poaceae): evidence from low-copy nuclear gene phylogenies and a plastid gene chronogram.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Qing; Triplett, Jimmy K; Wen, Jun; Peterson, Paul M

2011-11-01

Eleusine (Poaceae) is a small genus of the subfamily Chloridoideae exhibiting considerable morphological and ecological diversity in East Africa and the Americas. The interspecific phylogenetic relationships of Eleusine are investigated in order to identify its allotetraploid origin, and a chronogram is estimated to infer temporal relationships between palaeoenvironment changes and divergence of Eleusine in East Africa. Two low-copy nuclear (LCN) markers, Pepc4 and EF-1α, were analysed using parsimony, likelihood and Bayesian approaches. A chronogram of Eleusine was inferred from a combined data set of six plastid DNA markers (ndhA intron, ndhF, rps16-trnK, rps16 intron, rps3, and rpl32-trnL) using the Bayesian dating method. The monophyly of Eleusine is strongly supported by sequence data from two LCN markers. In the cpDNA phylogeny, three tetraploid species (E. africana, E. coracana and E. kigeziensis) share a common ancestor with the E. indica-E. tristachya clade, which is considered a source of maternal parents for allotetraploids. Two homoeologous loci are isolated from three tetraploid species in the Pepc4 phylogeny, and the maternal parents receive further support. The A-type EF-1α sequences possess three characters, i.e. a large number of variations of intron 2; clade E-A distantly diverged from clade E-B and other diploid species; and seven deletions in intron 2, implying a possible derivation through a gene duplication event. The crown age of Eleusine and the allotetraploid lineage are 3·89 million years ago (mya) and 1·40 mya, respectively. The molecular data support independent allotetraploid origins for E. kigeziensis and the E. africana-E. coracana clade. Both events may have involved diploids E. indica and E. tristachya as the maternal parents, but the paternal parents remain unidentified. The habitat-specific hypothesis is proposed to explain the divergence of Eleusine and its allotetraploid lineage.

Poaceae: Paniceae

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

1987; Bernini and Marin-Morales. 2001; Mendes-Bonato et al. 2002, 2006; Utsunomiya et al. 2005). More recently, a new number, x = 6, was determined for several accessions of B. dictyoneura (Risso-Pascotto et al. 2006), a species suggested to belong to the same agamic complex as B. humidicola (Renvoize et al. 1996).

Poaceae: Triticeae

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong ... entire chloroplast DNA sequence of common wheat (T. aes- ... a CTAB method as previously described by Liu et al.

Variação dos teores de constituintes voláteis de Cymbopogon citratus (DC Staf, Poaceae, coletados em diferentes regiões do Estado de São Paulo

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Marcos R. Furlan

2010-10-01

Full Text Available O óleo essencial extraído de Cymbopogon citratus (DC Staf, Poaceae, é rico em citral sendo amplamente empregado na indústria química e farmacêutica. Os objetivos desse estudo foram avaliar o conteúdo de citral entre populações de C. citratus coletados em duas regiões diferentes (Ibiúna e Pindamonhangaba, Estado de São Paulo. O óleo essencial extraído de uma população cultivada em Pindamonhangaba-SP apresentou uma concentração alta de citral (aproximadamente 96,0%, enquanto que o óleo extraído da população de Ibiúna-SP apresentou, além de citral, proporções elevadas de outro monoterpeno, o geraniol. Adicionalmente, os óleos essenciais obtidos desta população de C. citratus foram extraídos e analisados ao longo de 24 h (a cada 3 h, sendo que o teor de citral foi maior no período da noite, o que mostra a importância de estudos que avaliam as diferenças químicas associadas às mudanças circadianas. Os componentes dos óleos essenciais foram identificados por RMN de 13C, CG/EM e CG através do índice de Kovats.

Chemical composition and cardiovascular effects induced by the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus DC. Stapf, Poaceae, in rats Composição química e efeitos cardiovasculares do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon citratus DC. Stapf, Poaceae, em ratos

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Flávia V. Moreira

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Cymbopogon citratus DC. Stapf, Poaceae, is used in the folk medicine for hypertension treatment. This work investigated the chemical composition and cardiovascular effects in rats of C. citratus essential oil (EOCC. A phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of eight constituents, being geranial the major compound (43.08%. In rats, EOCC (1, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, i.v. induced transient hypotension and bradycardia that were attenuated by atropine and sodium thiopental, but not by L-NAME or indomethacin. In rings of rat superior mesenteric artery pre-contracted with phenylephrine, EOCC (1 to 3000 µg/mL induced relaxation that was not affected after removal of the endothelium, after TEA or in rings pre-contracted with KCl (80 mM. Furthermore, EOCC (1000 µg/mL was not able to induce additional effect on maximal relaxation of nifedipine (10 µM. In conclusions, EOCC induces hypotension, possibly by reduction in vascular resistance caused by inhibition of the Ca2+ influx, and bradycardia probably due to an activation of cardiac muscarinic receptors.C. citratus é utilizada na medicina popular para tratar hipertensão. Este trabalho investigou a composição química e os efeitos cardiovasculares do óleo essencial do C. citratus (OECC. Foram identificados oito constituintes no OECC, sendo geranial o majoritário (43,08%. Em ratos, o OECC (1, 5, 10 e 20 mg/kg, i.v. induziu hipotensão e bradicardia que foram atenuadas pela atropina e tiopental sódico, mas não por L-NAME ou indometacina. Em anéis de artéria mesentérica de ratos pré-contraídos com fenilefrina, o OECC (1 a 3000 µg/mL induziu relaxamento que não foi afetado após remoção do endotélio, após TEA ou em anéis pré-contraídos com KCl (80 mM. Além disso, o OECC (1000 µg/mL não induziu efeito adicional sobre o relaxamento máximo da nifedipina (10 µM. Em conclusão, o OECC induz hipotensão possivelmente devido à redução da resistência vascular que pode ser causada

LES STRATEGIES D’APPRENTISSAGE DU FRANÇAIS LANGUE ÉTRANGÈRE MISES EN PRATIQUE PAR LES APPRENANTS AFIN DE PROMOUVOIR LEURS AUTONOMIES

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Yasmine ADIB

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Ce travail de recherche présente les stratégies d’apprentissage du français langue étrangère et examine les liens entre stratégies et acquisition d’une compétence générale. Cette étude met en relief l’apport majeur des données issues de la psychologie cognitive qui nous renseigne sur les mécanismes qui permettent à l’apprenant d’acquérir, d’intégrer et de réutiliser des connaissances. Aussi, nous expliquons comment les données de la psychologie cognitive nous éclairent sur la nature de l’apprentissage. Le but fondamental de la mise en pratique des stratégies d’apprentissage et de promouvoir l’autonomie de l’apprenant. Il convient de signaler que les stratégies d’apprentissage désignent un ensemble d’opérations mises en œuvre par l’apprenant pour acquérir, intégrer et réutiliser la langue cible. L’apprentissage du français langue étrangère peut être vu comme tout autre processus de traitement de l’information: d’abord, l’apprenant sélectionne et saisit les éléments nouveaux d’information qui lui sont présentés, ensuite, il traite et emmagasine cette information dans sa mémoire. Enfin, il la récupère afin de la réutiliser.LEARNING STRATEGIES OF THE FRENCH FOREIGN LANGUAGE PRACTICED BY LEARNERS TO PROMOTE THEIR AUTONOMYThis research work presents the learning strategies of French foreign language and examines the links between strategies and acquisition of general jurisdiction. We present some definitions and we describe and classify the different learning strategies. We underline the major contribution of data from cognitive psychology that informs us about the mechanisms that allow the learner to acquire, integrate and reuse knowledge. Also, we explain how data from cognitive psychology shed light on the nature of learning. The fundamental purpose of the implementation of learning strategies and promote learner autonomy. It should be noted that learning strategies

Herencia del número de vainas por nudo y su relación con características afines en arveja (Pisum sativum L.

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Castillo Edgar

2014-11-01

Full Text Available En el año 2010-2011 en el Centro de Investigaciones Fitoecogenéticas de Pairumani (CIFP en Cochabamba-Bolivia, se cruzaron ocho líneas parentales de arveja bajo el diseño dialélico Griffing IV, con el objetivo de determinar las bases genéticas que condicionan el número de vainas por nudo, la relaciones genéticas con caracteres afines y las líneas que posean genes favorables para incrementar el número de vainas por nudo. Las progenies F1 evaluadas de acuerdo al diseño experimental de filas y columnas incompletas con cuatro repeticiones, indican que el número de vainas/nudo está condicionado por efectos aditivos y de dominancia; sin embargo, los efectos aditivos fueron de mayor importancia con una heredabilidad en sentido estrecho moderado (0.49. Por otro lado, el número de vainas/nudo está alta y positivamente correlacionada con el número de vainas/planta y densidad de grano, en las cuales los efectos aditivos fueron de mayor importancia y heredabilidades en sentido estrecho de 0.72 y 0.36, respectivamente. El número de vainas/nudo está alta y negativamente correlacionada con días a floración, días a madurez en verde, largo de vaina, ancho de vaina, peso de grano, altura de planta y altura a la primera vaina, en las cuales excepto en altura de planta y altura a la primera vaina, los efectos aditivos fueron de mayor importancia, con una heredabilidad en sentido estrecho entre 0.19 y 0.81. Para desarrollar variedades con mayor número de vainas por nudo se puede optar por desarrollar variedades con vainas a menor altura, de granos más pequeños y con vainas más delgadas; o variedades con más días a madurez en verde, de granos menos densos, pedúnculo corto y vainas cortas. Las líneas M-2, calle-calle, Pairumani-1, PH-91-3 poseen genes favorables para desarrollar variedades con mayor número de vainas por nudo y por ende mayor cantidad de vainas por planta, pero con vainas pequeñas y delgadas, y de ciclo corto, además de

AFINAL, COMO SE FORMAM AS ESTRATÃGIAS?

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Maurício Fernandes Pereira

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Tem havido recentemente um grande interesse por parte dos autores em entender como se desenvolve a prática da estratégia organizacional. Partindo desta tendência, o presente trabalho descreve como ocorre o processo de formação estratégica em uma organização pertencente ao terceiro setor â o SESC/SC (Serviço Social do Comércio em Santa Catarina. A criação da estratégia na organização em estudo é analisada tomando-se como base os referenciais propostos por Whittington (2002, analisando duas dimensões principais: os resultados pretendidos com as estratégias e os processos pelos quais ela acontece. Com base nos dados coletados observou-se que, na prática da organização pesquisada, as razões que levam ao estabelecimento da estratégia não estão unicamente voltadas aos aspectos econômicos. Quanto à formação das estratégias, no caso estudado, predominou a formação da estratégia da visão clássica de Whittington (2002, por meio da utilização do planejamento estratégico.

AFINAL, COMO SE FORMAM AS ESTRATÉGIAS?

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Maurício Fernandes Pereira

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Tem havido recentemente um grande interesse por parte dos autores em entender como se desenvolve a prática da estratégia organizacional. Partindo desta tendência, o presente trabalho descreve como ocorre o processo de formação estratégica em uma organização pertencente ao terceiro setor – o SESC/SC (Serviço Social do Comércio em Santa Catarina. A criação da estratégia na organização em estudo é analisada tomando-se como base os referenciais propostos por Whittington (2002, analisando duas dimensões principais: os resultados pretendidos com as estratégias e os processos pelos quais ela acontece. Com base nos dados coletados observou-se que, na prática da organização pesquisada, as razões que levam ao estabelecimento da estratégia não estão unicamente voltadas aos aspectos econômicos. Quanto à formação das estratégias, no caso estudado, predominou a formação da estratégia da visão clássica de Whittington (2002, por meio da utilização do planejamento estratégico.

Quantification in mass units of group 1 grass allergens by a monoclonal antibody-based sandwich ELISA.

Science.gov (United States)

Arilla, M C; Ibarrola, I; Eraso, E; Aguirre, M; Martínez, A; Asturias, J A

2001-08-01

Grass pollen extracts currently used for allergy diagnosis and immunotherapy are a complex mixture of proteins of which only a few have allergenic activity. Lol p 1 is one of the most important allergens in grass pollen extracts. To develop a two-site enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantification of Lol p 1 and other group 1 allergens from grass species, and to assess its suitability for quantifying this group of allergens. Balb/c mice immunized with recombinant Lol p 1 were used for the production of monoclonal antibodies. Screening of hybridomas was performed by direct ELISA, and selected monoclonal antibodies were immobilized on ELISA plates and incubated with samples containing group 1 allergens. Bound allergens were detected by a combination of biotinylated Lol p 1-specific monoclonal antibody and peroxidase-streptavidin conjugate. The assay is based on three Lol p 1-specific monoclonal antibodies with different epitope specificities. The optimized ELISA measured Lol p 1 concentrations ranging from 125 to 1000 ng/mL and could quantify group 1 allergen from grass species belonging to the Pooidea subfamily. The assay does not depend on anti-sera production or availability of human sera and thus reactives can be produced in unlimited amounts. This sensitive and specific Lol p 1 assay will be helpful both for quantifying the group 1 allergen content of Pooideae pollen extracts intended for clinical use and for studying cross-reactivities among pollen extracts.

Rapid sequencing of the bamboo mitochondrial genome using Illumina technology and parallel episodic evolution of organelle genomes in grasses.

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Ma, Peng-Fei; Guo, Zhen-Hua; Li, De-Zhu

2012-01-01

Compared to their counterparts in animals, the mitochondrial (mt) genomes of angiosperms exhibit a number of unique features. However, unravelling their evolution is hindered by the few completed genomes, of which are essentially Sanger sequenced. While next-generation sequencing technologies have revolutionized chloroplast genome sequencing, they are just beginning to be applied to angiosperm mt genomes. Chloroplast genomes of grasses (Poaceae) have undergone episodic evolution and the evolutionary rate was suggested to be correlated between chloroplast and mt genomes in Poaceae. It is interesting to investigate whether correlated rate change also occurred in grass mt genomes as expected under lineage effects. A time-calibrated phylogenetic tree is needed to examine rate change. We determined a largely completed mt genome from a bamboo, Ferrocalamus rimosivaginus (Poaceae), through Illumina sequencing of total DNA. With combination of de novo and reference-guided assembly, 39.5-fold coverage Illumina reads were finally assembled into scaffolds totalling 432,839 bp. The assembled genome contains nearly the same genes as the completed mt genomes in Poaceae. For examining evolutionary rate in grass mt genomes, we reconstructed a phylogenetic tree including 22 taxa based on 31 mt genes. The topology of the well-resolved tree was almost identical to that inferred from chloroplast genome with only minor difference. The inconsistency possibly derived from long branch attraction in mtDNA tree. By calculating absolute substitution rates, we found significant rate change (∼4-fold) in mt genome before and after the diversification of Poaceae both in synonymous and nonsynonymous terms. Furthermore, the rate change was correlated with that of chloroplast genomes in grasses. Our result demonstrates that it is a rapid and efficient approach to obtain angiosperm mt genome sequences using Illumina sequencing technology. The parallel episodic evolution of mt and chloroplast

Development and Verification of a Weld Simulation Capability for VAST

Science.gov (United States)

2012-06-01

d’abord été intégrées au modèle de matériaux élastiques- plastiques , afin de faciliter l’exécution d’analyses couplées thermiques et mécaniques; le...modèle constitutif thermique-élastique- plastique obtenu a été modifié afin de tenir compte des processus de fusion et de solidification des matériaux...chaleur ont d’abord été intégrées au modèle de matériaux élastiques- plastiques , afin de faciliter l’exécution d’analyses couplées thermiques et

Short-term effects of airborne pollens on asthma attacks as seen by general practitioners in the Greater Paris area, 2003-2007.

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Huynh, Bich Tram; Tual, Séverine; Turbelin, Clément; Pelat, Camille; Cecchi, Lorenzo; D'Amato, Gennaro; Blanchon, Thierry; Annesi-Maesano, Isabella

2010-09-01

To investigate for the first time the short-term effects of airborne pollen counts on general practitioner (GP) consultations for asthma attacks in the Greater Paris area between 2003-2007. Counts were available for common pollens (Betula, Cupressa, Fraxinus and Poaceae). Weekly data on GP visits for asthma attacks were obtained from the French GP Sentinel Network. A quasi-Poisson regression with generalised additive models was implemented. Short-term effects of pollen counts were assessed using single and multi-pollen models after adjustment for air pollution and influenza. A mean weekly incidence rate of 25.4 cases of asthma attacks per 100,000 inhabitants was estimated during the study period. The strongest significant association between asthma attacks and pollen counts was registered for grass (Poaceae) in the same week of asthma attacks, with a slight reduction of the effect observed in the multi-pollen model. Adjusted relative risk for Poaceae was 1.54 (95% CI: 1.33-1.79) with an inter-quartile range increase of 17.6 grains/m3 during the pollen season. For the first time, a significant short-term association was observed between Poaceae pollen counts and consultations for asthma attacks as seen by GPs. These findings need to be confirmed by more consistent time-series and investigations on a daily basis.

Intracellular position of mitochondria and chloroplasts in bundle sheath and mesophyll cells of C3 grasses in relation to photorespiratory CO2 loss

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Yuto Hatakeyama

2016-10-01

Full Text Available In C3 plants, photosynthetic efficiency is reduced by photorespiration. A part of CO2 fixed during photosynthesis in chloroplasts is lost from mitochondria during photorespiration by decarboxylation of glycine by glycine decarboxylase (GDC. Thus, the intracellular position of mitochondria in photosynthetic cells is critical to the rate of photorespiratory CO2 loss. We investigated the intracellular position of mitochondria in parenchyma sheath (PS and mesophyll cells of 10 C3 grasses from 3 subfamilies (Ehrhartoideae, Panicoideae, and Pooideae by immunostaining for GDC and light and electron microscopic observation. Immunostaining suggested that many mitochondria were located in the inner half of PS cells and on the vacuole side of chloroplasts in mesophyll cells. Organelle quantification showed that 62–75% of PS mitochondria were located in the inner half of cells, and 62–78% of PS chloroplasts were in the outer half. In mesophyll cells, 61–92% of mitochondria were positioned on the vacuole side of chloroplasts and stromules. In PS cells, such location would reduce the loss of photorespiratory CO2 by lengthening the path of CO2 diffusion and allow more efficient fixation of CO2 from intercellular spaces. In mesophyll cells, it would facilitate scavenging by chloroplasts of photorespiratory CO2 released from mitochondria. Our data suggest that the PS cells of C3 grasses have already acquired an initial structure leading to proto-Kranz and further C3–C4 intermediate anatomy. We also found that in the Pooideae, organelle positioning in PS cells on the phloem side resembles that in mesophyll cells.

Bourses Écosystèmes et santé humaine pour les cycles supérieurs ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le montant de chaque bourse sera de 15 000 CAD pour la recherche sur le terrain et jusqu'à 4 000 CAD pour participer à une conférence afin de diffuser les résultats des recherches ou pour retourner sur le terrain afin de présenter ses constatations aux parties prenantes locales. En outre, les boursiers participeront à une ...

La apicultura sevillana afines de la Edad Media

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Carmona Ruiz, María Antonia

2000-06-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this article is to present the apiculture industry in Seville in the Late Middle Ages. Due to the importance of this economic activity, "ordenanzas" (bylaws, which regulated the exploitation of the apiaries, were passed shortly after the conquest of Seville. By means of these "ordenanzas" and other documents which made reference to beekeeping, I have tried to reconstruct the map of the areas dedicated to apiculture in Seville, by indicating where the beehives were located and how they were exploited. I will deal especially with the existence of institutions relating to beekeeping, for example the "alcaldes de los colmeneros" (municipal officials who supervised and controlled the activities of the beekeepers. I will also deal with the owners of the beehives and the conflicts they had with other economic activities carried out in the same place. I will pay special attention to the problems the beekeepers had with the farmers and stockbreeders, and to the problems existing among the beekeepers themselves. These problems forced the creation of boundaries and regulated distances between the different exploitations.[fr] Cet article traite sur l'activité apicole à Seville pendant le Bas Moyen Âge. L'importance de cette activité économique entraîne la promulgation -peu de temps après la conquête de la ville- d'ordonnances sur l'exploitation des ruches. En partant de ces ordonnances et d'autres documents relatifs à la même activité, nous tentons de déterminer les espaces apicoles du territoire communal de Seville et de préciser l'emplacement et le mode d'exploitation des ruches. Nous soulignons l'existence d'institutions propres à cette activité—celle des alcaldes de los colmeneros (juges des apiculteurs, par exemple— et consacrons une partie de notre travail aux propriétaires de ruches et aux conflits surgis, soit entre eux, soit entre l'apiculture et d'autres activités économiques profitant des mêmes espaces, tout spécialement l'agriculture et l'élevage; ces conflits ont obligé à bien établir les limites et les distances entre les différentes exploitations.

Restaurando a Governabilidade: O Brasil (afinal se Acertou?

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Faucher Philippe

1998-01-01

Full Text Available The article aims to link recent changes in Brazil's political and economic situation with the question of governance in a democratic setting. It shows that a set of policies are only as good as the political support which enables their implementation. As memories of the economic nightmare of the past decade fade and the costs of sustaining price stability through needed budget cuts continue to be felt, popular dissatisfaction with reform is bound to increase. The Cardoso Administration's incremental strategy of state reform and its step-by-step approach to crucial human rights issues reflect the conflicting pressures the government must balance in order to make policy advances. As democratization increases the autonomous representation of societal interests and the structure of Brazilian politics continues to erect legislative obstacles, incrementalism seems the most appropriate pace for producing real, long-lasting reform.

Isolation, cloning, and characterization of a partial novel aro A gene in common reed (Phragmites australis).

Science.gov (United States)

Taravat, Elham; Zebarjadi, Alireza; Kahrizi, Danial; Yari, Kheirollah

2015-05-01

Among the essential amino acids, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine are aromatic amino acids which are synthesized by the shikimate pathway in plants and bacteria. Herbicide glyphosate can inhibit the biosynthesis of these amino acids. So, identification of the gene tolerant to glyphosate is very important. It has been shown that the common reed or Phragmites australis Cav. (Poaceae) is relatively tolerant to glyphosate. The aim of the current research is identification, cloning, sequencing, and registering of partial aro A gene of the common reed P. australis. The partial aro A gene of common reed (P. australis) was cloned in Escherichia coli and the amino acid sequence was identified/determined for the first time. This is the first report for isolation, cloning, and sequencing of a part of aro A gene from the common reed. A 670 bp fragment including two introns (86 bp and 289 bp) was obtained. The open reading frame (ORF) region in part of gene was encoded for 98 amino acids. Alignment showed high similarity among this region with Zea mays (L.) (Poaceae) (94.6%), Eleusine indica L. Gaertn (Poaceae) (94.2%), and Zoysia japonica Steud. (Poaceae) (94.2%). The alignment of amino acid sequence of the investigated part of the gene showed a homology with aro A from several other plants. This conserved region forms the enzyme active site. The alignment results of nucleotide and amino acid residues with related sequences showed that there are some differences among them. The relative glyphosate tolerance in the common reed may be related to these differences.

Evolutionary modes of emergence of short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) families in grasses.

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Kögler, Anja; Schmidt, Thomas; Wenke, Torsten

2017-11-01

Short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) are non-autonomous transposable elements which are propagated by retrotransposition and constitute an inherent part of the genome of most eukaryotic species. Knowledge of heterogeneous and highly abundant SINEs is crucial for de novo (or improvement of) annotation of whole genome sequences. We scanned Poaceae genome sequences of six important cereals (Oryza sativa, Triticum aestivum, Hordeum vulgare, Panicum virgatum, Sorghum bicolor, Zea mays) and Brachypodium distachyon to examine the diversity and evolution of SINE populations. We comparatively analyzed the structural features, distribution, evolutionary relation and abundance of 32 SINE families and subfamilies within grasses, comprising 11 052 individual copies. The investigation of activity profiles within the Poaceae provides insights into their species-specific diversification and amplification. We found that Poaceae SINEs (PoaS) fall into two length categories: simple SINEs of up to 180 bp and dimeric SINEs larger than 240 bp. Detailed analysis at the nucleotide level revealed that multimerization of related and unrelated SINE copies is an important evolutionary mechanism of SINE formation. We conclude that PoaS families diversify by massive reshuffling between SINE families, likely caused by insertion of truncated copies, and provide a model for this evolutionary scenario. Twenty-eight of 32 PoaS families and subfamilies show significant conservation, in particular either in the 5' or 3' regions, across Poaceae species and share large sequence stretches with one or more other PoaS families. © 2017 The Authors The Plant Journal © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Le CRDI au Costa Rica

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

région ont-elles besoin du commerce, mais elles doivent en outre acquérir de nouvelles compétences afin de pouvoir prospérer dans l'économie du savoir. La capacité d'utiliser les technologies de l'information, entre autres, est désormais une nécessité. Le CRDI subventionne la Fundación. Omar Dengo afin qu'elle puisse ...

Communications Received from Certain Member States Regarding Guidelines for the Export of Nuclear Material, Equipment and Technology. Nuclear Transfers and Nuclear-Related Dual-Use Transfers; Comunicaciones Recibidas De Diversos Estados Miembros Relativas A Las Directrices Para La Exportacion De Tecnologia, Equipo Y Materiales Nucleares. Transferencias Nucleares Y Transferencias De Equipo, Materiales V Tecnologia Afin Al Doble Uso En Materia Nuclear

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1993-04-15

The Director General has received a Note Verbale dated 5 March 1993 from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Slovak Republic. The purpose of the Note Verbale is to provide information on that Governments' guidelines for Nuclear Transfers and for Transfers of of Nuclear-related Dual-use Equipment, Material and Related Technology. In the light of the wish expressed at the end of each Note Verbale, the text of the Note Verbale is annexed hereto [Spanish] El Director General ha recibido una nota verbal de fecha 5 de marzo de 1993 del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de la RepUblica Eslovaca. El objetivo de la nota verbal es proporcionar informaciOn sobre las Directrices para las transferencias nucleares y las Directrices para la transferencia de equipo, materiales y tecnologia afin al doble uso en materia nuclear, de dicho Gobierno. Atendiendo a los deseos expresados al final de la nota verbal, se adjunta al presente documento el texto de la nota verbal.

Flora vascular de açudes de uma região do semi-árido da Bahia, Brasil Pond vascular flora in the semi-arid region of Bahia State, Brazil

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Flávio França

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Foram selecionados seis açudes que margeiam a Estrada do Feijão (BA 052, nos municípios de Feira de Santana e Angüera, entre as coordenadas 39º30'-39º00'W e 12º00'-12º30'S. Com a finalidade de se conhecer a flora vascular dos mesmos, esses tipos de plantas foram coletadas de agosto/1996 a dezembro/1997. Registraram-se 121 espécies distribuídas em 46 famílias. As famílias mais representativas foram: Cyperaceae, com 18 espécies (14,9%, Poaceae, com 13 (10,7%, Asteraceae, com 10 (8,3%, Scrophulariaceae e Fabaceae, com 6 (5,0%. As espécies que ocorreram em todos os açudes foram Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae, Echinochloa colona (L. Link (Poaceae, Nymphaea ampla (Salisb. DC. (Nymphaeaceae e Oxycarium cubense (Poepp. & Kunth. Lye (Cyperaceae.Six ponds were studied between August/1996 and December/1997 at the edge of State Highway BA 052, in the municipalities of Feira de Santana and Angüera, 39º30'-39º00'W and 12º00'-12º30'S.With the aim to know their vascular flora, one hundred and twenty-one species of vascular plants were collected, representing 46 families. The most frequent families were: Cyperaceae with 18 species (14.9%, Poaceae with 13 (10.7%, Asteraceae with 10 (8.3%, Scrophulariaceae and Fabaceae with 6 (5.0%. The species which were recorded in all lakes were: Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae, Echinochloa colona (L. Link (Poaceae, Nymphaea ampla (Salisb. DC. (Nymphaeaceae and Oxycarium cubense (Poepp. & Kunth. Lye (Cyperaceae.

Molecular genetic analysis of cereal β-amylase genes using exon-primed intron-crossing (EPIC PCR

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Stratula Olga

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The proteins encoded by cereal β-amylase genes Bamy1 and Bamy2 genes play an important role in seedling germination and in the brewing process. Here, we use exon-primed intron-crossing (EPIC to analyse Bamy1 and Bamy2 genetic diversity among 38 accessions belonging to six Poaceae tribes. DNA sequence alignment of multiple Poaceae species β-amylase sequences allowed design of EPIC primers that simultaneously amplify Bamy1 and Bamy2 in all the cereal species investigated. The genetic variation observed in the samples investigated is analysed and discussed, and illustrates the effectiveness of this approach for intra- and interspecific analysis in plant species.

Counter-IED Initiative PPE Horizon 0, Phase 1, Protection Versus Performance Preliminary Trade-off Analysis, Behavioural Task Analysis (Initiative d’epi pour la Lutte aux IED - Horizon 0 Phase 1 - Analyse de Compromis Preliminaire de la Protection par Rapport au Rendement Analyse Comportementale des Taches)

Science.gov (United States)

2007-05-01

fournit les connaissances spécialisées en ergonomie pour soutenir ce projet. Afin de formuler des recommandations relativement à l’EPI pour corriger...important. RDDC Toronto fournit les connaissances spécialisées en ergonomie pour soutenir ce projet. Afin de formuler des recommandations relativement à...Programme de démonstration de technologie (PDT) de C−IED plus important. RDDC Toronto fournit les connaissances spécialisées en ergonomie pour soutenir

Renforcement de la collaboration nationale et internationale afin d ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'appui du CRDI au Conseil canadien pour la coopération internationale (CCCI) se poursuit grâce à cette subvention de deux ans visant à renforcer les capacités des membres du conseil en matière d'apprentissage, d'innovation, de recherche sur les politiques et d'élaboration de politiques, en partenariat avec des ...

Implementation en VHDl/FPGA d'afficheur video numerique (AVN) pour des applications aerospatiales

Science.gov (United States)

Pelletier, Sebastien

L'objectif de ce projet est de developper un controleur video en langage VHDL afin de remplacer la composante specialisee presentement utilisee chez CMC Electronique. Une recherche approfondie des tendances et de ce qui se fait actuellement dans le domaine des controleurs video est effectuee afin de definir les specifications du systeme. Les techniques d'entreposage et d'affichage des images sont expliquees afin de mener ce projet a terme. Le nouveau controleur est developpe sur une plateforme electronique possedant un FPGA, un port VGA et de la memoire pour emmagasiner les donnees. Il est programmable et prend peu d'espace dans un FPGA, ce qui lui permet de s'inserer dans n'importe quelle nouvelle technologie de masse a faible cout. Il s'adapte rapidement a toutes les resolutions d'affichage puisqu'il est modulaire et configurable. A court terme, ce projet permettra un controle ameliore des specifications et des normes de qualite liees aux contraintes de l'avionique.

Silicon in Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv: content, distribution, and ultrastructure.

Science.gov (United States)

Rufo, Lourdes; Franco, Alejandro; de la Fuente, Vicenta

2014-07-01

Silicon concentration, distribution, and ultrastructure of silicon deposits in the Poaceae Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv. have been studied. This grass, known for its medicinal uses and also for Fe hyperaccumulation and biomineralization capacities, showed a concentration of silicon of 13,705 ± 9,607 mg/kg dry weight. Silicon was found as an important constituent of cell walls of the epidermis of the whole plant. Silica deposits were found in silica bodies, endodermis, and different cells with silicon-collapsed lumen as bulliforms, cortical, and sclerenchyma cells. Transmission electron microscope observations of these deposits revealed an amorphous material of an ultrastructure similar to that previously reported in silica bodies of other Poaceae.

Environ: E00167 [KEGG MEDICUS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available PD:C01530], Benzoxazinones, Polysaccharide, Protein Coix lacryma-jobi [TAX:714458] Same as: D06798 Poaceae (grass family) Coicis semen Major component: Coixenolide [CPD:C17566] ...

Banco de datos de presas de hormigón con expansiones

OpenAIRE

Pardo Marín, Félix; Aguado de Cea, Antonio; Agulló Fité, Luís; Buil Sanz, Juan Manuel; Gil, A.

2010-01-01

El estudio del comportamiento expansivo del hormigón en presas e instalaciones afines a las mismas comprende diferentes actuaciones que inciden de un modo transversal en aspectos que incluyen a los materiales, la tipología estructural y el régimen de explotación. Asimismo, los efectos derivados de las expansiones en el hormigón pueden incidir tanto en las condiciones de seguridad de la presa como en la funcionalidad de la misma, o de sus órganos afines. En esta comunicación se exponen las ...

Développement de la pupillométrie pour la mesure objective des émotions dans le contexte de la consommation alimentaire

OpenAIRE

Lemercier, Anaïs

2014-01-01

Les perceptions sensorielles et hédoniques résultent de processus complexes d’intégration, qui ne sont pas seulement rationnels, mais aussi fondés sur des sentiments, des émotions et des souvenirs. Afin d'appréhender au mieux le comportement du consommateur, il est devenu indispensable de mesurer les émotions afin de comprendre leur rôle fondamental dans la prise de décision. En science du consommateur, les émotions sont principalement mesurées par questionnaire. Malheureusement, cette mesure...

Drug: D10238 [KEGG MEDICUS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available ucris; Adlay ... Coix lacryma-jobi [TAX:714458] ... Same as: E00845 ... Poaceae (grass family) Adlay fruit and bract; Standards for non-pharmacopoeial crude drugs ... PubChem: 163312269 ...

Las plantas vasculares de los afloramientos rocosos de Suesca, Cordillera Oriental colombiana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carolina Avellaneda Cadena

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Se muestrearon las plantas vasculares presentes en tres tipos de afloramientos rocosos del municipio de Suesca, departamento de Cundinamarca (Colombia, ubicados entre 2.800 y 3.000 m de altitud. Estos sitios se denominaron Valle de los Halcones (VH, Farallones de Suesca (FS y Los Monolitos (LM. Cada planta fue recolectada, determinada y se le anotó la superficie en la que crecía (placa, repisa o fisura y el hábito de crecimiento (erecta, colgante o perpendicular a la superficie. Se encontraron 97 especies, correspondientes a 38 familias y 70 géneros. La familia más diversa fue Asteraceae, seguida de Poaceae, Orchidaceae, Bromeliaceae y Polypodiaceae. El género con más especies fue Tillandsia, seguido de Polypodium. Los sitos de muestreo con mayor diversidad fueron VH y FS. En LM las familias con más especies fueron Asteraceae y Poaceae, en FS Poaceae y Asteraceae y en VH Asteraceae y Orchidaceae. En VH las placas fue la superficie con mayor número de especies, mientras que en LM fueron las repisas y en FS las placas y las repisas. La mayoría de las especies encontradas en todos los sitos fueron erectas, seguidas de las perpendiculares a la superficie. Los tres sitios de muestreo mostraron alta similitud florística entre sí.

Stable Isotope Mapping of Alaskan Grasses and Marijuana

Science.gov (United States)

Booth, A. L.; Wooller, M. J.

2008-12-01

The spatial variation of isotope signatures in organic material is a useful forensic tool, particularly when applied to the task of tracking the production and distribution of plant-derived illicit drugs. In order to identify the likely grow-locations of drugs such as marijuana from unknown locations (i.e., confiscated during trafficking), base isotope maps are needed that include measurements of plants from known grow-locations. This task is logistically challenging in remote, large regions such as Alaska. We are therefore investigating the potential of supplementing our base (marijuana) isotope maps with data derived from other plants from known locations and with greater spatial coverage in Alaska. These currently include >150 samples of modern C3 grasses (Poaceae) as well as marijuana samples (n = 18) from known grow-locations across the state. We conducted oxygen, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses of marijuana and grasses (Poaceae). Poaceae samples were obtained from the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) Museum of the North herbarium collection, originally collected by field botanists from around Alaska. Results indicate that the oxygen isotopic composition of these grasses range from 10‰ to 30‰, and broadly mirror the spatial pattern of water isotopes in Alaska. Our marijuana samples were confiscated around the state of Alaska and supplied to us by the UAF Police Department. δ13C, δ15N and δ18O values exhibit geographic patterns similar to the modern grasses, but carbon and nitrogen isotopes of some marijuana plants appear to be influenced by additional factors related to indoor growing conditions (supplementary CO2 sources and the application of organic fertilizer). As well as providing a potential forensic resource, our Poaceae isotope maps could serve additional value by providing resources for studying ecosystem nutrient cycling, for tracing natural ecological processes (i.e., animal migration and food web dynamics) and providing

Haplotype Detection from Next-Generation Sequencing in High-Ploidy-Level Species: 45S rDNA Gene Copies in the Hexaploid Spartina maritima

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Boutte, J.; Aliaga, B.; Lima, O.; de Carvalho, J.F.; Ainouche, A.; Macas, Jiří; Rousseau-Gueutin, M.; Coriton, O.; Ainouche, M.; Salmon, A.

2016-01-01

Roč. 6, č. 1 (2016), s. 29-40 ISSN 2160-1836 Institutional support: RVO:60077344 Keywords : poaceae * duplication * paralogy * bioinformatics * polyploidy Subject RIV: EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology Impact factor: 2.861, year: 2016

Catalyser une science ouverte et collaborative afin de relever les ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Una Hakika : Porter à grande échelle les solutions numériques pour la gestion des conflits au Kenya et en Birmanie. L'information erronée, qu'elle soit le fruit de rumeurs ou d'une désinformation intentionnelle, peut alimenter le conflit et exercer de profondes répercussions sur la paix, la... Voir davantageUna Hakika : Porter ...

Teaching Cases in Management - Afinal, Quantas Empresas tem esta Cidade?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosane Rivera Torres

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Barueri is a small country town, located to the west of São Paulo City. The town offers tax exemptions to companies that set up business there, becoming an important industrial area and cluster. As a consequence, Barueri has filled up with paper companies, that is, companies that exist only for formal burocratic purposes, but which do not really conduct their operations there. The task of identifying which companies really conduct their operations in the town is difficult. Frequently, a contact with a company with headquarters in Barueri results in dealing with a professional accounting office professional which represents it, with the organization effectively being located outside the town. The Presbyterian Mackenzie University intended to establish relationships with companies of the region, considering the plans of development for the Tamboré Campus, located in Barueri. Consequently, it was essential to define a universe and a sample of companies whose operations occurred in the surrounding area of the Campus in order to establish partnership programs. It was therefore faced with the challenge of finding which companies were effectively located in Barueri, since paper companies have no interest in the development of the campus. How to find them?

Intensification du recours à l'irrigation intermittente en riziculture afin ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Un nouveau projet de recherche vise à contribuer à la lutte contre le paludisme dans un bassin versant du nord du Pérou. Sur la côte du nord du Pérou, qui est fort aride, le paludisme est répandu en raison de l'irrigation abondante que nécessitent les rizières. La riziculture pratiquée dans cette région représente 60 % de la ...

Svoboda 'severnõh Afin' : derptskaja Polonia / Sergei Issakov, Pavel Sigalov

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Issakov, Sergei, 1931-2013

1997-01-01

Korporatsioonist 'Polonia' (asut. 1828. a.) jt. poola üliõpilaste ühendustest Tartus. Tartu ülikoolis õppinud poola kirjanikest ja kirjandusteadlasest: Alfons Walicki, Aleksander Karol Groza, Edward Zheligowski, Bronislaw Zaleski, Jzef Bohdan Dzienkonski, Ludomir Gadon, Jzef Weyssenhoff, Marian Zdziechowski, Andrzej Niemojewski, Ludwik Bruner, Jerzy Jankowski

Intensification du recours à l'irrigation intermittente en riziculture afin ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le projet de recherche a pour but de favoriser l'adoption de l'irrigation intermittente dans le bassin versant (vallée de Jequetepeque, dans le département de La Libertad) et d'examiner des moyens - de transmettre les connaissances et les compétences (vulgarisation agricole par et pour les riziculteurs); - d'évaluer et de ...

2127-IJBCS-Article-Koffi Badou Jérémie

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

Determination of critical period for weed control in intensive and non-intensive sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L., Poaceae) production systems in center Côte d'Ivoire ... and chemical methods for effective and ...... Handbook Series No. 4.

Grass survey of the Itremo Massif records endemic central highland ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Grasses are members of the plant family Poaceae, and are primar- ily known for their ... Madagascar Conservation & Development is the journal of. Indian Ocean .... cording to the classification by Kellogg (2015). With 64 ..... Flowering plants.

Population genetic structure analysis in endangered Hordeum ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Administrator

2011-09-07

Sep 7, 2011 ... populations are grown by few local farmers in low-input farming systems. Based on 117 random ... Triticeae of the Poaceae (Graminae) family found throughout the ... populations and phylogeography is made easy by the.

Original Paper Weeds control through tree-crop associations in a ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

these trees, two crops were grown: a shade tolerant crop (Colocasia esculenta, taro) ... The most represented weeds family in the open field was Poaceae while under both tree species, the ...... provided guide, corrections and supervision to.

Comparison of foliar anatomy of ten bread wheat (triticum, poaceae) and ten barley (hordeum, poaceae) cultivars

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ardic, M.; Sezer, O.; Ozgdsd, K.; Yaylaci, O. K.; Koyuncu, O.; Olgun, M.; Bascdftcd, Z. B.; Ayter, N. G.

2015-01-01

The aim of this study is to determine anatomical differences and classification of leaf and leaf cell characteristics (cuticle thickness, upper epidermis thickness, lower epidermis thickness, mesophyll thickness, parenchyma thickness and leaf thickness) between 10 bread wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) and 10 barley cultivars (Hordeum vulgare L.). Classification of leaf characteristics in bread wheat and barley cultivars and relationship between leaf characteristics are made by principal component and correlation analyses. Highest thickness belongs to W8 Mufitbey cultivar in mesophyll and lower epidermis and W1 Sonmez 01 cultivar have the lowest thickness of upper epidermis in bread wheat. In Barley, B1 Ince cultivar has highest leaf thickness mesophyll and parenchyma; lowest thickness of cuticle is included B7 Cumhuriyet 50 cultivar. All other cultivars have homogenous contents of leaf characteristics. (author)

Como se posicionam os professores perante a existência e utilização de jardins zoológicos e parques afins? Resultados de uma investigação How do teachers stand with respect to the existence and use of zoological gardens and similar parks? Results of an investigation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

António Almeida

2008-08-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo insere-se numa investigação mais ampla que pretendeu verificar a incidência de concepções ambientalistas de teor antropocêntrico, biocêntrico e ecocêntrico em docentes dos diferentes ciclos de escolaridade não superior e que se envolvem em projectos de Educação Ambiental (EA. Para tal, foram entrevistados 60 docentes sobre vários assuntos relacionados com a temática ambiental, entre os quais o dos jardins zoológicos e parques afins. No tratamento dos dados, os docentes entrevistados foram divididos em dois grupos em função da proveniência de ciclos com e sem monodocência (o 1º grupo foi constituído por 15 educadores de infância e 15 professores do 1º Ciclo; o 2º grupo, por 15 professores do 2º Ciclo e 15 do 3º Ciclo e Secundário. Essa divisão foi considerada especialmente pertinente para o tema em análise uma vez que os jardins zoológicos e parques afins tradicionalmente pretendem captar um público mais jovem. Assim, nos professores do 1º grupo, poderia eventualmente acentuar-se mais uma conflitualidade entre o seu interesse didáctico e eventuais valores trabalhados em EA. No entanto, não se verificaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos em termos da incidência das diferentes perspectivas ambientalistas, tendo-se a maioria dos docentes posicionado de um ponto de vista biocêntrico, embora com uma maior frequência para o 1º grupo. Perante a surpresa manifestada pelo teor da entrevista, tivemos a percepção de que os professores raramente abordam temas polémicos com os seus alunos no âmbito dos projectos de EA.This study is part of a wider investigation that seeks to observe the presence of environmentalist conceptions of anthropocentric, bio-centric and eco-centric characters among teachers from the various levels of schooling below higher education involved in projects of Environmental Education (EE. Sixty teachers were interviewed on various subjects associated to

Combien coûte l’électricité produite par le photovoltaïque (PV) en Suisse ?: situation, analyse des coûts détaillée et comparaison avec l’Allemagne

OpenAIRE

Monnet, David; Briguet, Alain

2015-01-01

Le but de ce travail est d’évaluer la rentabilité et le potentiel des installations photovoltaïques afin de voir si cette technologie peut remplacer le nucléaire en Suisse. Après avoir présenté les concepts de bases relatifs à l’énergie électrique d’origine solaire, j’ai détaillé la situation suisse et introduit brièvement la situation allemande afin d’observer les différences entre les deux pays. Les alternatives aux nucléaires ainsi que leurs potentiels en Suisse ont également été exposés. ...

The effect of technogenic emissions on the heavy metals accumulation by herbaceous plants.

Science.gov (United States)

Chaplygin, Victor; Minkina, Tatiana; Mandzhieva, Saglara; Burachevskaya, Marina; Sushkova, Svetlana; Poluektov, Evgeniy; Antonenko, Elena; Kumacheva, Valentina

2018-02-07

The effect of technogenic emissions on the input of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, Mn, Cr, and Ni into plants from the Poaceae and Asteraceae families has been studied. Soil and plant contamination by anthropogenic emissions from industrial enterprises leads the decreasing of crop quality; therefore, the monitoring investigation of plants and soils acquires special importance. The herbaceous plants may be used as bioindicators for main environmental changes. It was found that the high level of anthropogenic load related to atmospheric emissions from the power plant favors the heavy metal (HM) accumulation in herbaceous plants. Contamination with Pb, Cd, Cr, and Ni was revealed in plants growing near the power plant. Heavy metals arrive to plants from the soil in the form of mobile compounds. Plant family is one of the main factors affecting the HM distribution in the above- and underground parts of plants. Plants from the Poaceae family accumulate less chemical elements in their aboveground parts than the Asteraceae plants. Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Artemisia austriaca are HM accumulators. For assessing the stability of plants under contamination with HMs, metal accumulation by plants from soil (the bioconcentration factor) and metal phytoavailability from plants above- and underground parts (the acropetal coefficient) were calculated. According to the bioconcentration factor and translocation factor values, Poaceae species are most resistant to technogenic contamination with HMs. The translocation factor highest values were found for Tanacetum vulgare; the lowest bioconcentration factor values were typical for Poa pratensis.

Cloning and characterization of cDNA encoding xyloglucan ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Jane

2011-08-22

Aug 22, 2011 ... plays important role in growth and development of plants. XETs are a family of enzymes .... cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector (Promega Corporation, WI, USA). The recombinant ..... wall modification in the poaceae. Protein Sci.

Mycosarcoma (Ustilaginaceae), a resurrected generic name for corn smut (Ustilago maydis) and its close relatives with hypertrophied, tubular sori

NARCIS (Netherlands)

McTaggart, Alistair R; Shivas, Roger G; Boekhout, Teun; Oberwinkler, Franz; Vánky, Kálmán; Pennycook, Shaun R; Begerow, Dominik

2016-01-01

Ustilago is a polyphyletic genus of smut fungi found mainly on Poaceae. The development of a taxonomy that reflects phylogeny requires subdivision of Ustilago into smaller monophyletic genera. Several separate systematic analyses have determined that Macalpinomyces mackinlayi, M. tubiformis,

Relationships between food quality and fitness in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, and its distribution over habitats on the Red Sea coastal plain of Sudan

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Huis, van A.; Woldewahid, G.; Toleubayev, K.; Werf, van der W.

2008-01-01

The effect of millet, Pennisetum typhoideum Rich. (Poaceae), leaf nitrogen content on fitness parameters of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria Forsk. (Orthoptera: Acrididae), was studied under laboratory conditions. Locusts reared on high-nitrogen leaves were larger, developed faster, had

Chromosome numbers and meiotic analysis in the pre-breeding of ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

2011-08-19

Aug 19, 2011 ... of Brachiaria decumbens (Poaceae). GLÉIA CRISTINA LAVERDE ... widely used grass forage worldwide because it adapts to acid soils, is easy to man- ... individual plants growing in the field, fixed in a mixture of ethanol 95% ...

Contribution of chloroplast DNA in the biodiversity of some Aegilops ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

user

2011-03-21

Mar 21, 2011 ... caudata) belonging to the family Poaceae were used in this study. Nucleotides of 1651 ... terranean basin and grow well in the high rainy areas. Syria is ... ate and easy identification of Aegilops species is required. Molecular ...

Monograph of Diplachne (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Cynodonteae).

Science.gov (United States)

Snow, Neil; Peterson, Paul M; Romaschenko, Konstantin; Simon, Bryan K

2018-01-01

Diplachne P. Beauv. comprises two species with C 4 (NAD-ME) photosynthesis. Diplachne fusca has a nearly pantropical-pantemperate distribution with four subspecies: D. fusca subsp. fusca is Paleotropical with native distributions in Africa, southern Asia and Australia; the widespread Australian endemic D. f. subsp. muelleri; and D. f. subsp. fascicularis and D. f. subsp. uninervia occurring in the New World. Diplachne gigantea is known from a few widely scattered, older collections in east-central and southern Africa, and although Data Deficient clearly is of conservation concern. A discussion of previous taxonomic treatments is provided, including molecular data supporting Diplachne in its newer, restricted sense. Many populations of Diplachne fusca are highly tolerant of saline substrates and most prefer seasonally moist to saturated soils, often in disturbed areas. Some populations of Diplachne fusca in southern Asia combine nitrogen-fixation, high salinity tolerance and palatibilty to livestock, which should be pursued with further research for purposes of soil reclamation. Diplachne fusca subsp. uninervia is the most invasive of the subspecies and is becoming weedy in some non-native areas, including in the Old World. This monograph provides detailed descriptions of all taxa, a key to the species and subspecies, geographic distributions and information on the anatomy of leaves, stems, lemmatal micromorphology and discussions of the chromosome numbers. Lectotypes are designated for: Atropis carinata Grisb.; Diplachne acuminata Nash; Diplachne capensis (Nees) Nees var. concinna Nees; Diplachne capensis (Nees) Nees var. obscura Nees, Diplachne capensis (Nees) Nees var. prolifera subvar. minor Nees, Diplachne halei Nash, Diplachne maritima E.P. Bicknel, Diplachne muelleri Benth., Diplachne reverchonii Vasey, Diplachne tectoneticola Backer, Leptochloa imbricata Thurb., Leptochloa neuroglossa Peter, Leptochloa uninervia var. typica fo. abbreviata Parodi, Triodia ambigua R. Br. and Triodia parviflora R. Br.

Concept de Plate-forme Mobile Instrumentée (PMI) pour l'inspection des ouvrages d'art

OpenAIRE

DERKX, F; DUMOULIN, J; SORIN, JL; LEGEAY, V

2002-01-01

L'inspection des ouvrages d'art est une opération nécessaire afin de maintenir le niveau de l'ouvrage et de garantir la sécurité des usagers. C'est une opération normalisée et réalisée périodiquement par des inspecteurs spécialisés. Elle consiste principalement à relever visuellement la totalité des défauts sur l'ensemble de l'ouvrage. Il est question aujourd'hui d'automatiser certaines tâches afin d'améliorer l'efficacité opérationnelle de ces contrôles à l'aide de dispositifs de vision emba...

10 - 18_Aworinde

African Journals Online (AJOL)

DR. AMINU

From the data, Euphorbiaceae,. Solanaceae, Rutaceae, Malvaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Poaceae and Apocynaceae (in order of decreasing number of species) were the most frequent Families. Taxa such as Musa species,. Vernonia amygdalina, Citrus species, Psidium guajava and Terminalia catappa were found to be the.

Stress tolerant plant species spread in the road-ne

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Šerá, Božena

2011-01-01

Roč. 14, Vol.14 (2011), s. 45-46 ISSN 1644-7298 R&D Projects: GA MŠk OC10032 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z60870520 Keywords : weed * invasive * road-ne * salinity * Poaceae Subject RIV: AP - Urban, Regional and Transport Planning

Modern pollen rain in Canary Island ecosystems and its implications for the interpretation of fossil records

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

de Nascimento, Lea; Nogué, Sandra; Fernández-Lugo, Silvia

2015-01-01

-represented (.Pinus, Morella and Ericaceae trees, Chenopodiaceae, Poaceae, Rumex and Urticaceae herbs and shrubs) or under-represented (Lauraceae trees, Fabaceae and Euphorbia shrubs). Results indicate that pollen composition is a good reflection of vegetation in Canarian ecosystems and can be used effectively...

Take-all or nothing

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hernández-Restrepo, M.; Groenewald, J.Z.; Elliott, M.L.; Canning, G.; McMillan, V.E.; Crous, P.W.

2016-01-01

Take-all disease of Poaceae is caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis (Magnaporthaceae). Four varieties are recognised in G. graminis based on ascospore size, hyphopodial morphology and host preference. The aim of the present study was to clarify boundaries among species and varieties in

Phleum exaratum, nově zavlečený druh v České republice

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Ducháček, M.; Chrtek, Jindřich

2017-01-01

Roč. 36, 1-2 (2017), s. 47-53 ISSN 0231-9616 R&D Projects: GA ČR GB14-36079G Institutional support: RVO:67985939 Keywords : Phleum exaratum * Poaceae * Eastern Bohemia * alien species Subject RIV: EF - Botanics OBOR OECD: Plant sciences, botany

Characterization of novel multi-seeded (msd) mutants of sorghum for increasing grain number

Science.gov (United States)

The tribe Andropogoneae of the Poaceae family exhibits highly branched inflorescence known as panicle or tassel. Characteristically, each spikelet in a panicle or tassel comprise of a combination of sessile/fertile and sterile florets. In sorghum, (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), the existing cultivars ...

The complete chloroplast genome of an irreplaceable dietary and model crop, foxtail millet (Setaria italica).

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Shuo; Gao, Li-Zhi

2016-11-01

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of foxtail millet (Setaria italica), an important food and fodder crop in the family Poaceae, is first reported in this study. The genome consists of 1 35 516 bp containing a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 21 804 bp separated by a large single-copy (LSC) region and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 79 896 bp and 12 012 bp, respectively. Coding sequences constitute 58.8% of the genome harboring 111 unique genes, 71 of which are protein-coding genes, 4 are rRNA genes, and 36 are tRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated foxtail millet clustered with Panicum virgatum and Echinochloa crus-galli belonging to the tribe Paniceae of the subfamily Panicoideae. This newly determined chloroplast genome will provide valuable information for the future breeding programs of valuable cereal crops in the family Poaceae.

The effect of geographical and climatic properties on grass pollen and Phl p 5 allergen release

Science.gov (United States)

Alan, Şenol; Şahin, Aydan Acar; Sarışahin, Tuğba; Şahin, Serap; Kaplan, Ayşe; Pınar, Nur Münevver

2018-04-01

The Poaceae family, including grasses, comprises several cosmopolitan and allergenic species. The aim of this study was to determine the correlations between Poaceae pollen and Phl p 5 allergen concentrations in two cities with different geographical and climatic properties in Turkey. Pollen were collected from Burkard traps in Ankara and Zonguldak. Phl p 5 sampling was carried out between March and October in both 2015 and 2016 using a BGI900 Cascade High Volume Air Sampler (900 L/min.). The concentrations of Phl p 5 were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The annual sum of Poaceae pollen (pollen index) during 2015-2016 was 5454 in Ankara and 4142 in Zonguldak. The total Phl p 5 concentration was 1309 pg/m3 in Zonguldak, whereas it was 8181 pg/m3 in Ankara over 2 years. About 90% of the allergen was found in the fraction with particulate matter (PM) > 10 μm in both cities. It was found that the main meteorological parameter which affected pollen and Phl p 5 was temperature in both stations. Rainfall was also found to be important for Zonguldak, due to its climatic and geographic properties. Lastly, we suggest that the primary wind direction, which is from the south of Zonguldak, could have a `drift effect' for allergens because of the airborne pollen concentrations and the dates on which the allergen is released into the atmosphere. The wind direction may be an important factor in the distribution of allergen and pollen grains in stations, especially those with a hilly topography.

Take-all or nothing

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hernández-Restrepo, M.; Groenewald, J.Z.; Elliott, M.L.; Canning, G.; McMillan, V.E.; Crous, P.W.

2016-01-01

Take-all disease of Poaceae is caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis (Magnaporthaceae). Four varieties are recognised in G. graminis based on ascospore size, hyphopodial morphology and host preference. The aim of the present study was to clarify boundaries among species and varieties in Gaeumannomyces

Psárky Alopecurus aequalis a A. geniculatus v České republice: jejich určování a rozšíření

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Bureš, P.; Danihelka, Jiří; Husáková, M.; Pařil, P.

2008-01-01

Roč. 23, - (2008), s. 3-61 ISSN 0862-2035 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) LC06073; GA ČR(CZ) GA206/07/0706 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z60050516 Keywords : phytogeography * Poaceae * Central Europe Subject RIV: EF - Botanics

Journal of Genetics | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Home; Journals; Journal of Genetics. Kellen Regina Boldrini. Articles written in Journal of Genetics. Volume 85 Issue 3 December 2006 pp 225-228 Research Note. Abnormal timing of cytokinesis in microsporogenesis in Brachiaria humidicola (Poaceae: Paniceae) · Kellen Regina Boldrini Maria Suely Pagliarini Cacilda ...

Computational identification of putative cytochrome P450 genes in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Chattha

Economically, legumes represent the second most important family of crop plants after Poacea (grass family), accounting for ... further characterization of P450 genes with both known and unknown functions. MATERIALS AND METHODS ..... Cytochrome P450. In: Somerville CR, Meyerowitz EM (eds) .The Arabidopsis book,.

Problems, control, and opportunity of starch in the large scale processing of sugarcane and sweet sorghum

Science.gov (United States)

Both sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) crops are members of the grass (Poaceae) family, and consist of stalks rich in soluble sugars. The extracted juice from both of these crops contains insoluble starch, with much greater quantities occurring in sweet sorghum. ...

New species and records of Bipolaris and Curvularia from Thailand

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Marin-Felix, Yasmina; Senwanna, C; Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan; Crous, P.W.

2017-01-01

Several Bipolaris and Curvularia spp. were collected from different disease symptoms of Poaceae in Thailand. Phylogenetic analyses based on DNA sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer region and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene, and partial fragments of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

The effects of altered levels of UV-B radiation on an Antarctic grass and lichen

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lud, D.; Huiskes, A.H.L.; Moerdijk-Poortvliet, T.C.W.; Rozema, J.J.

2001-01-01

We report a long-term experiment on the photosynthetic response of natural vegetation of Deschampsia antarctica (Poaceae) and Turgidosculum complicatulum (Lichenes) to altered UV-B levels on Leonie Island, Antarctica. UV-B above the vegetation was reduced by filter screens during two seasons. Half

Comparative analysis and relationships of six important crop ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Administrator

tools using complete chloroplast genomes. Results obtained depict cases of major genome rearrangements, translocation, duplication, inversion and deletion of genes. Members of the poaceae family indicate a close relationship in the nature of conserved sequences while Oryza sativa and. Chlorella vulgaris, which are not ...

Le CRDI investit dans la recherche et les connaissances afin de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

23 févr. 2018 ... (HomeNet South Asia Trust, 574 000 $ ; et Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 312 200 $) ... (Sedane Labour Resource Centre, 675 900 $) ... (par example Facebook, Twitter, Amazon) dans dix contextes locaux ou ...

SQ grass sublingual allergy immunotherapy tablet for disease-modifying treatment of grass pollen allergic rhinoconjunctivitis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dahl, Ronald; Roberts, Graham; de Blic, Jacques

2016-01-01

BACKGROUND: Allergy immunotherapy is a treatment option for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC). It is unique compared with pharmacotherapy in that it modifies the immunologic pathways that elicit an allergic response. The SQ Timothy grass sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) tablet is approved in North...... America and throughout Europe for the treatment of adults and children (≥5 years old) with grass pollen-induced ARC. OBJECTIVE: The clinical evidence for the use of SQ grass SLIT-tablet as a disease-modifying treatment for grass pollen ARC is discussed in this review. METHODS: The review included...... the suitability of SQ grass SLIT-tablet for patients with clinically relevant symptoms to multiple Pooideae grass species, single-season efficacy, safety, adherence, coseasonal initiation, and cost-effectiveness. The data from the long-term SQ grass SLIT-tablet clinical trial that evaluated a clinical effect 2...

A synteny-based draft genome sequence of the forage grass Lolium perenne

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Byrne, Stephen; Nagy, Istvan; Pfeifer, Matthias

2015-01-01

-family of the grass family (Poaceae). Transcriptome data was used to identify 28 455 gene models, and we utilized macro-co-linearity between perennial ryegrass and barley, and synteny within the grass family, to establish a synteny-based linear gene order. The gametophytic self-incompatibility mechanism enables...

Floristic survey of the herbaceous-shrub layer of a gallery forest in Alto Paraíso de Goiás - GO, Brazil

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Eduardo Chaves

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Flowering species of the herbaceous and shrubby layer were sampled in a gallery forest at Portal da Chapada, Alto Paraíso de Goiás-GO in the Chapada dos Veadeiros during 12 months growing within 4.5 meters on either side of a raised pathway 2.4 Km long. The collections were included to University of Brasilia Herbarium (UB. A total of 138 species (103 genera and 40 families were recorded; the most species-rich families were Asteraceae (22, Poaceae (14, Rubiaceae (12, Fabaceae (11 and Melastomataceae (7. The richest family in number of genera was Asteraceae (19, followed by Poaceae (8, Fabaceae (8 and Rubiaceae (7. The results showed a meaningful increase in the Chapada dos Veadeiros flora, especially considering the herbaceous-shrubby layer of the gallery forests (223.6%. Despite the richness of the flora, the number of endemics species in the Goiás State was only 1.5%.

Daily variation patterns of airborne allergenic pollen in southwestern Spain.

Science.gov (United States)

González Minero, F J; Candau, P; Tomás, C; Morales, J

1998-01-01

The study was carried out using a Burkard sampler installed on the roof terrace of the School of Pharmacy, Seville, for two years (1995 and 1996). Eight pollen types described in the literature as having allergenic activity were chosen. They were Poaceae, Olea europaea, Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae, Plantago, Rumex, Urticaceae (including Parietaria), Cupressaceae, and Platanus hispanica. The types were grouped according to the similarity of their pattern of intradiurnal variation in pollen concentration. The following associations were established by multivariate analysis: Urticaceae and Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae (appearing mainly between 11:00 and 20:00), Olea europaea and Plantago (12:00 to 19:00), Poaceae and Rumex (appearing throughout the day), and Cupressaceae and Platanus hispanica (8:00 to 14:00). The patterns of intradiurnal variation were similar both years for each type, despite the fact that the two years were climatologically different (1995 was dry and 1996 wet). We conclude that these behavior patterns are endogenous to the plants, and are hardly affected by meteorological parameters.

La vegetación azonal paramunade la Cordillera Oriental colombiana: síntesis fitosociológica preliminar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jairo Humberto Pinto Zárate

2006-01-01

las familias Asteraceae (siete, Poaceae (seis, Cyperaceae (cinco y Scrophulariaceae (cuatro; los géneros con mayor número de morfoespecies en este tipo de vegetación son Isoetes (ocho, Juncus (siete y Eleocharis (cinco. Las familias con mayor representación de géneros en la vegetación terrestre son Asteraceae y Poaceae (25 y 15 respectivamente, seguidas por Scrophulariaceae (nueve y Cyperaceae (siete; los géneros más ricos en morfoespecies son Carex (12, Campylopus, Hypericum, Monticalia y Lachemilla (cada una con 11 morfoespecies. Especies como Crassula venezuelensis, Werneria pygmaea, Plantago rigida,  alamagrostis ligulata, Puya santosii, Blechnum loxense, Aragoa abietina, Chusquea tessellata y varias de los géneros Eleocharis, Isoetes, Carex y Sphagnum cobran gran importancia en el proceso sucesional entre comunidades acuáticas y etapas iniciales de colmatación hasta las fases avanzadas de terrización, transicionales a tipos propios de vegetación zonal.

Phytoliths as Emerging Taxonomic Tools for Identification of Plants: An Overview

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Sheikh Abdul Shakoor

2014-01-01

Full Text Available In the recent advancements in identification of plant species, phytoliths have found an immense role in the identification of plants at different levels of taxonomic hierarchy. Many plant groups are known to accumulate silica in solid form in and between the cells and tissues and hence create the structures commonly known as phytoliths. These phytoliths create replicas of the structures where they are deposited. The shapes of phytolith replicas, their size dimensions (morphometric parameters, surface features (ornamentation, distribution, and orientation pattern in epidermal layers of vegetative and reproductive structures as well as their frequency are highly important for characterization of species. Monocotyledonous families particularly the family Poaceae (Gramineae are known to produce diverse phytolith types that can serve as diagnostic markers for characterization of different taxa at different levels of taxonomic hierarchy. The present paper highlights the importance of phytoliths in taxonomic analysis of plants particularly in the family Poaceae.

Stomatal conductance of semi-natural Mediterranean grasslands: Implications for the development of ozone critical levels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alonso, R.; Bermejo, V.; Sanz, J.; Valls, B.; Elvira, S.; Gimeno, B.S.

2007-01-01

Intra-genus and intra-specific variation and the influence of nitrogen enrichment on net assimilation and stomatal conductance of some annual Trifolium species of Mediterranean dehesa grasslands were assessed under experimental conditions. Also gas exchange rates were compared between some Leguminosae and Poaceae species growing in the field in a dehesa ecosystem in central Spain. The results showed that the previously reported different O 3 sensitivity of some Trifolium species growing in pots does not seem to be related to different maximum g s values. In addition, no clear differences on gas exchange rates could be attributed to Leguminosae and Poaceae families growing in the field, with intra-genus variation being more important than differences found between families. Further studies are needed to increase the database for developing a flux-based approach for setting O 3 critical levels for semi-natural Mediterranean species. - The stomatal conductance model incorporated within the EMEP DO 3 SE deposition module needs to be re-parameterised for Mediterranean semi-natural vegetation

Ajikah et al (11).cdr

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Timothy Ademakinwa

Faculty of Science, Senate Building and New Hall respectively. A total of 3,495 palynomorphs belonging to about 22 families were recovered in all. The Poaceae family dominates representing 13.67 % of the total palynomorph count, followed by Cyperaceae (12.72 %) Euphorbiaceae (5.34 %) Mimosaceae (8.89 %), Fern.

Study of the chemical composition of essential oils and floral waters ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This work aimed to study the chemical composition of essential oils and floral waters of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (Poaceae) from Senegal. The plants were collected in two different localities, Dakar and. Kaolack. The extracts were obtained by steam distillation from both fresh and dried plants and analyses carried.

Relaciones polen-vegetación de algunos taxa de la estepa patagónica (Argentina Pollen-vegetation relationships of some taxa from the Patagonian steppe (Argentina

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LIDIA S. BURRY

2001-06-01

Full Text Available La aplicación de un análisis de regresión lineal simple a datos de lluvia de polen y de vegetación, en una zona de la Patagonia (Provincia de Chubut, Argentina permitió relacionar cuantitativamente los porcentajes de lluvia polínica y de cobertura de la vegetación para los taxa Poaceae, Papilionoideae, tipo Senecio y Mulinum spinosum. Se obtuvo un buen ajuste de las rectas de regresión para cada uno de los taxa considerados, con coeficientes de correlación r de Pearson altos para M. spinosum (0,82 y tipo Senecio (0,81 y coeficientes algo menores en el caso de Poaceae (0,66 y Papilionoideae (0,61. Estas regresiones permitieron inferir la presencia o ausencia de polen regional y el valor predictivo de la presencia de polen en ausencia de la vegetación que lo produce. Al respecto, la lluvia de polen estudiada incluye el aporte regional (excepto Papilionoideae aun cuando M. spinosum tiene una baja contribución. Esta sobrerrepresentación es atribuible al transporte de larga distancia, a través de los vientos que provienen del oeste. Estas relaciones cuantitativas nos permitirán extrapolar cambios vegetacionales pasados en estos taxa a partir de espectros de polen fósil para el área de estudioThe use of simple linear regression to data of pollen rain and vegetation cover in Patagonia (Province of Chubut, Argentina allowed us to develop quantitative relationships between modern pollen rain perecentages and vegetation cover for the taxa Poaceae, Papilionoideae, Senecio type, and Mulinum spinosum. The analysis revealed a good fit of data to regression lines for all taxa, with high Pearson r coefficient values in the case of M. spinosum (0.82 and Senecio type (0.81, and somewhat lower values in the case of Poaceae (0.66 and Papilionoideae (0.61. These regressions allowed us to infer the presence or absence of regional pollen and predict the quantity of pollen in the absence of the vegetation producing it. In this regard, the studied pollen

Pollen harvest by Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae in the Dourados region, Mato Grosso do Sul state (Brazil Pólen coletado por Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae na região de Dourados, estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (Brasil

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D'Apolito

2010-12-01

Full Text Available We present data on the pollen harvest by Apismellifera L. at a central-western Brazil site not yet studied. Corbiculae pollen loads were collected during one year in front of the hive, acetolysed and slides mounted for optical microscopy. Identification followed comparisons with a local pollen collection. Forty-two pollen types were utilized by the bee; the most important families were Myrtaceae, Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Brassicaceae and Poaceae. The genus/species level ranking of relative importance showed Eucalyptus (19%, Raphanus raphanistrum (13%, Poaceae type 2 (7.5%, Jatropha cf. gossypiifolia (7% and Sapium glandulatum (6.5%. Overall, the majority of pollen types (80% were not abundantly harvested, and a minority (4% reached values of 10%. Given that the study area has cultivated plants and not natural vegetation, we indicate most of the identified species as manageable and point out that weedy vegetation can be an important food source for bees since it frequently occurred in the pollen spectra even within a totally cultivated area.Apresentamos dados sobre a coleta de pólen por Apis mellifera L. em uma localidade no centro-oeste do Brasil, ainda não estudada. Cargas corbiculares de pólen foram coletadas durante um ano em frente ao ninho, acetolisadas e montadas em lâminas para microscopia óptica. A identificação foi feita por comparação com uma coleção de referência local. Quarenta e dois tipos polínicos foram utilizados pelas abelhas; as famílias mais importantes foram Myrtaceae, Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Brassicaceae e Poaceae. O ranqueamento de importância relativa para gênero/espécie mostrou Eucalyptus (19%, Raphanus raphanistrum (13%, Poaceae tipo 2 (7,5%, Jatropha cf. gossypiifolia (7% e Sapium glandulatum (6,5%. No geral, a maioria dos recursos (80% não foi utilizada com abundância, e uma minoria (4% alcançou valores de 10%. Dado que a área de estudo não possui uma vegetação natural, mas cultivares, n

Study of the chemical composition of essential oils and floral waters ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This work aimed to study the chemical composition of essential oils and floral waters of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (Poaceae) from Senegal. The plants were collected in two different localities, Dakar and Kaolack. The extracts were obtained by steam distillation from both fresh and dried plants and analyses carried ...

Simulating the effects of localized red:far-red ratio on tillering in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) using a three-dimensional virtual plant model

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Evers, J.B.; Vos, J.; Chelle, M.; Andrieu, B.; Fournier, C.; Struik, P.C.

2007-01-01

The outgrowth of tiller buds in Poaceae is influenced by the ratio of red to far-red light irradiance (R:FR). At each point in the plant canopy, R:FR is affected by light scattered by surrounding plant tissues. This paper presents a three-dimensional virtual plant modelling approach to simulate

cas du cordon littoral Port-Bouët-Grand-Bassam

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Formations végétales. Espèces. Familles. Cocoteraie. Fourré littoral. Jachère. Saccharum officinarum L. Poaceae x. Salacia baumannii Loes. Celastraceae x. Sansevieria liberica Gérôme & Labroy. Agavaceae x. Sauvagesia erecta L. Ochnaceae x. Scoparia dulcis L. Scrophulariaceae x x. Sesamum radiatum Schumacher.

Évaluation de la diversité floristique en herbacées des savanes de ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Thus, 37 species, 33 kinds and 10 families were identified in the savannah of Hyparrhenia diplandra (Hack.) Stapf and 27 species, 22 kinds and 8 families in the savannah of Loudetia simplex (Nees) CE Hubbard. Overall, the richest families in species were Poaceae, Fabaceae and the Cyperaceae. The Shannon diversity ...

Guía ilustrada de la flora del “Desierto de la Tatacoa ”, Huila, Colombia

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Yisela Figueroa Cardozo

2004-07-01

promedio de 28º C y una precipitación promedio anual cercana a 1.000 mm. Históricamente,la región ha sufrido un fuerte proceso de sabanización y desertificación, por lo cual la cobertura vegetal actual se encuentra representada principalmente por matorrales bajos, rastrojos y pastizales. En este estudio se presenta el inventario florístico preliminar de la región del “desierto” de la Tatacoa; además, se caracteriza la vegetación de la región de una forma general y se presenta una guía ilustrada con descripciones botánicas para 100 de las especies más representativas de la región. Se encontraron 227 especies, distribuidas en cerca de 170 géneros y 60 familias. La gran mayoría de las especies son dicotiledóneas (85%, mientras que las monocotiledóneas se encuentran representadas solo por el 14% de las especies, y un mínimo porcentaje (menos del 1% por helechos y afines. A nivel florístico, la familia Fabaceae (s.l. es la más destacada con 35 especies y 27 géneros, representando el 15,5% del total de las especies, discriminada en las subfamilias Faboideae con 18/16, Mimosoideae con 9/7 y Caesalpinioideae con 8/4. Otras de las familias que sobresalen por su riqueza son Poaceae con 20 especies y 15 géneros, Euphorbiaceae (13/7, Asteraceae (10/10, Malvaceae (9/4, Cactaceae (8/7, Asclepiadaceae (8/7 y Convolvulaceae (8/3. Como hallazgos importantes se presenta el primer registro para el país de Senna uniflora (Caesalpiniodeae y el reencuentro de Amoreuxia palmatifida (Cochlospermaceae, especie que era conocida para Colombia por un solo espécimen coleccionado antes de 1858 en cercanías al municipio del Espinal (Tolima. La guía ilustrada incluye para cada especie una descripción corta e información sobre su distribución, usos y nombres comunes (cuando los hay. Además, la mayoría de las especies están ilustradas con fotografías de su hábito y detalles de flores y/o frutos.

A field key to upload Kenya grasses | Agnew | Journal of East ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The species of Gramineae (Poaceae) that have been recorded in a delimited area of central and western Kenya are listed and keys are provided for their identification. The area is bounded by the 1000 m contour except in the southern Rift Valley where the Kenya/Tanzania boundary encorporates lower altitudes. For every ...

Bromus interruptus (Hack.) Druce (Poaceae) in Nederland

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Rich, Tim C.G.

2001-01-01

Bromus interruptus is a grass which was endemic to England but is now extinct in the wild. Attention is drawn to the two historic records from the Netherlands, where it was probably introduced with agricultural seed, in case it still survives in the wild. It is readily recognised from the contracted

Genome Evolution in the Genus Sorghum (Poaceae)

OpenAIRE

PRICE, H. JAMES; DILLON, SALLY L.; HODNETT, GEORGE; ROONEY, WILLIAM L.; ROSS, LARRY; JOHNSTON, J. SPENCER

2005-01-01

• Background and Aims The roles of variation in DNA content in plant evolution and adaptation remain a major biological enigma. Chromosome number and 2C DNA content were determined for 21 of the 25 species of the genus Sorghum and analysed from a phylogenetic perspective.

Distribution of Vulpia species (Poaceae in Poland

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Ludwik Frey

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The distribution of four species of the genus Vulpia [V. myuros (L. C.C. Gmel., V. bromoides (L. S.F. Gray, V. ciliata Dumort. and V. geniculata (L. Link] reported in Poland has been studied. Currently, V. myuros and especially V. bromoides are very rare species, and their greatest concentration can be found only in the Lower Silesia region. The number of their localities decreased after 1950 and it seems resonable to include both species in the "red list" of threatened plants in Poland: V. myuros in the EN category, V. bromoides in the CR category. V. ciliata and V. geniculata are very rare ephemerophytes and their localities not confirmed during ca 60 years are of historical interest only.

Two New American Species of Hordeum (Poaceae)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bothmer, Roland Von; Jacobsen, Niels; Bagger Jørgensen, Rikke

1985-01-01

Two new species of Hordeum are described, viz. the diploid H. erectifolium, native to Argentina, and H. guatemalense, native to Guatemala.......Two new species of Hordeum are described, viz. the diploid H. erectifolium, native to Argentina, and H. guatemalense, native to Guatemala....

Karyotype asymmetry in Cynodon Rich. (Poaceae) accessions.

Science.gov (United States)

Chiavegatto, R B; Paula, C M P; Souza Sobrinho, F; Benites, F R G; Techio, V H

2016-12-02

Cynodon is a genus of plants with forage potential that has attracted the interest of breeders. These species have high morphological variability in a large number of varieties and cytotypes, hampering identification. This study aimed to determine the karyotype asymmetry index among accessions of Cynodon to discriminate between them. Karyotype symmetry was based on three estimates, which were compared. The basic number for the genus is x = 9. The results of the chromosome count and DNA quantification, respectively, were as follows: two diploid accessions (2n = 2x = 18 and 1.08 ± 0.094 to 1.17 ± 0.036 pg DNA and ± standard deviation), one triploid accession (2n = 3x = 27 and 1.63 ± 0.017 pg DNA), four tetraploid accessions (2n = 4x = 36 and 1.88 ± 0.069 to 2.10 ± 0.07 pg DNA), and one pentaploid accession (2n = 5x = 45 and 2.55 ± 0.098 pg DNA). C. incompletus var. hirsutus had the longest total length of the haploid lot (29.05 µm), with chromosomes that ranged from 1.7 to 6.2 µm in length. On the basis of the karyotype asymmetry indices, the accessions were divided into two groups: 1) C. dactylon var. dactylon, C. transvaalensis, C. dactylon var. polevansii, three accessions of Cynodon sp, and C. nlemfuensis; and 2) C. incompletus var. hirsutus. This is the first description of tetraploidy in C. transvaalensis. The karyotypic data facilitated a determination of the degree of proximity between the accessions.

Les perspectives pour une repression efficace des infractions ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... afin qu'il dispose de compétences nécessaires à son bon fonctionnement. Nous estimons que pour atteindre cet objectif, il faut nécessairement envisager, ... coherent environmental legislation, an operational and efficient legal framework.

O que é, afinal, Marketing de Relacionamento? Uma Proposta de Conceito Unificador

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernanda Bueno Cardoso Scussel

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Estudiosos entendem que ainda não há consenso sobre a definição de marketing de relacionamento, necessitando que haja uma limpeza conceitual a partir do fomento de um conceito unificador (GRÖNROOS, 2009; AGARIYA; SINGH, 2011; DEMO; ROZZETT, 2013; DEMO et al., 2015. Sendo assim, o presente estudo teórico atualiza a pesquisa de Agaryia e Singh (2011 a partir de uma revisão bibliométrica das publicações sobre o tema entre os anos 2011 e 2015 e, após a análise dos 69 artigos encontrados, sugere, como contribuição teórica, um conceito unificador de marketing de relacionamento. Limitações e sugestões para pesquisas futuras também são mencionadas neste trabalho.

La industria textil en Tierra de Campos afines de la Edad Media

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Hipólito Rafael OLIVA HERRER

2009-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: El presente articulo trata de analizar el desarrollo de la industria textil rural en la región de Tierra de Campos, en torno al tradicional centro de producción textil de Palencia, a fines del XV y comienzos del XVI. La producción en el entorno rural conoció un amplio desarrollo basado en la producción de paños de calidad media-baja destinados al consumo interno, y dio lugar a formas organizativas complejas que se constituyeron en una alternativa frente al sistema gremial imperante en la urbe palentina, implicando intereses de un amplio espectro de grupos sociales.ABSTRACT: The present article aims to analyze the spreading of the rural textile industry in the region of Tierra de Campos in the late fifteenth and the early sixteenth centuries, around the traditional productive centre of Palencia. Here rural clothing experienced an important development based on the production of low and medium quality cloth under a putting-out system directed to interregional trade. The interests around rural industry involved a wide range of social groups, giving rise to complex organization forms and arising as an alternative to the traditional gudd stmcture.

INVENTORY OF THE INVASIVE ALIE N PLANT SPECIES IN INDONESIA

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SRI S UDARMIYATI T JITROSOEDIRDJO

2005-01-01

Full Text Available An inventory of the alien plant species in Indone sia based on the existing references and herbarium specimens concluded that 1936 alien plant species ar e found in Indonesia which belong to 187 families. Field studies should be done to get the complete figur es of alien plant species in Indonesia. Based on the existing figures of the plant species, the invasive alien plant species can be iden tified, followed by studies on the assessment of losses, biology, management and their possible utilizations. Alien plant species are imported to Indonesia for cultivation, collection of the botanical garden, as experimental plants or other curiosities. Aside from plants purposely imported, there are also introduced plant propagules conta-minating imported agricultural products. These alien plant species can be beneficial or have a potential of being invasive. The alien cultivated species consisted of 67% of the total number. More than half of the cultivated plants are ornamental plants. Some of th e species are naturalized or escaped from cultivation and become wild and invasive. Some other natura lized species, adapted well without any problems of invasion. There are 339 species or 17% of the species r ecorded as weeds. The highest record of weeds is found in the family of Poaceae (57 species, follo wed by Asteraceae (53 species and Cyperaceae (35 species. There are 6 families having more than 10 species of weeds: Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Poaceae, and Rubiaceae. Three families have more than 100 species: Asteraceae 162 species, Poaceae 120 species, and Papillionaceae 103 species. Five species of aquatic and 20 species of terrestrial plants considered as important alien plant species in Indonesia were identified and some of their distributions noted

Genome sequence of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) provides insights into grass evolution and biofuel potential

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zhang, Gengyun; Liu, Xin; Quan, Zhiwu

2012-01-01

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica), a member of the Poaceae grass family, is an important food and fodder crop in arid regions and has potential for use as a C(4) biofuel. It is a model system for other biofuel grasses, including switchgrass and pearl millet. We produced a draft genome (∼423 Mb) an...

Genetic variation and population structure in Oryza ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Oryza malampuzhaensis Krish. et Chand. ( 2 n = 4 x = 48 ; Poaceae, Oryza) is endemic to Western Ghats, South India, and shows a highly localized distribution over a small geographical area in this region. This is the most poorly understood taxon in genus Oryza and is often misidentified as O. officinalis owing to their close ...

Intégration des services financiers dans les stratégies de la lutte ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Tambi Samuel KABORE

8 déc. 2009 ... sur la croissance, Fronde sociale sur les effets sociaux de l'ajustement. • En 1995 ... environnementales, macro-économiques afin de promouvoir des ... C. D. E. F. Croissance. Investissement, capital physique et humain,.

Número cromossômico em acessos de Pennisetum spp. (Poaceae, Poales = Chromosome number in Pennisetum spp. accessions (Poaceae, Poales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vânia Helena Techio

2008-07-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se o complemento cromossômico de 16 acessos de Pennisetum disponíveis na Coleção de Germoplasma da Embrapa Gado de Leite – Juiz de Fora, Estado de Minas Gerais. Para a avaliação citogenética, utilizou-se a técnica de esmagamento e coloração com Feulgen. Paraquatro acessos foram obtidas metáfases com 2n = 28 cromossomos, confirmando sua classificação como P. purpureum. A origem híbrida P. purpureum x P. glaucum foi constatada em oito acessos, os quais apresentaram 2n = 21. Em um acesso identificado como híbrido entre P.purpureum x P. glaucum, foram observadas metáfases com 2n = 54, permitindo inferir que não se trata de um híbrido interespecífico triplóide. Para outros três acessos avaliados, também foramobservadas células com 2n = 54, embora estivessem identificados como híbridos entre P. purpureum x espécie selvagem; P. glaucum policross x hexaplóide 200 e P. glaucum x [F92-161-01 (P. purpureum x P. glaucum].The chromosome complement of 16 Pennisetum accessions belonging to the Germplasm Collection of Embrapa Gado de Leite - Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais State was evaluated. The cytogenetic analysis employed the smear technique and staining with Feulgen. In four accessions,metaphases with 2n = 28 chromosomes were obtained, confirming their classification as P. purpureum. The hybrid origin P. purpureum x P. glaucum was observed in eight accessions, which presented 2n = 21. In an accession identified as P. purpureum x P. glaucum hybrid, metaphases with 2n = 54 were observed, suggesting that it is not a triploid interspecific hybrid. For three other evaluated accessions, cells with 2n=54 were also observed, although they were identified ashybrids between P. purpureum x wild species; P. glaucum polycross x hexaploid 200 and P. glaucum x [F92-161-01 (P. purpureum x P. glaucum].

Contribution of chloroplast DNA in the biodiversity of some Aegilops ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Four Aegilops species (Aegilops longissima, Aegilops speltoides, Aegilops searsii and Aegilops caudata) belonging to the family Poaceae were used in this study. Nucleotides of 1651 bp from 5.8 S rRNA gene and the intergenic spacers trnT-trnL and trnL-trnF from the chloroplast DNA were combined together in order to ...

A preliminary floristic inventory in the Sierra de Mazatan, Municipios of Ures and Mazatan, Sonora, Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Jose Jesus Sanchez-Escalante; Manuel Espericueta-Betancourt; Reyna Amanda Castillo-Gamez

2005-01-01

Presently, the flora of the Sierra de Mazatán contains 357 species of vascular plants distributed in 248 genera and 80 families. The families with the most species are Asteraceae (48), Fabaceae (45), Poaceae (28), Euphorbiaceae (18), and Acanthaceae, Cactaceae, Scrophulariaceae, and Solanaceae (11 each). The results show that the flora of the Sierra de Mazat...

De novo genome assembly of the fungal plant pathogen Pyrenophora semeniperda

Science.gov (United States)

Marcus M. Soliai; Susan E. Meyer; Joshua A. Udall; David E. Elzinga; Russell A. Hermansen; Paul M. Bodily; Aaron A. Hart; Craig E. Coleman

2014-01-01

Pyrenophora semeniperda (anamorph Drechslera campulata) is a necrotrophic fungal seed pathogen that has a wide host range within the Poaceae. One of its hosts is cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), a species exotic to the United States that has invaded natural ecosystems of the Intermountain West. As a natural pathogen of cheatgrass, P. semeniperda has potential as a...

The effect of different nitrogen nutrition on proline and asparagine content in plant

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Neuberg, M.; Pavlíková, D.; Pavlík, Milan; Balík, J.

2010-01-01

Roč. 56, č. 7 (2010), s. 305-311 ISSN 1214-1178 R&D Projects: GA MZe QH71077 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z50380511 Keywords : plant metabolism * Fabaceae * Poaceae Subject RIV: GD - Fertilization, Irrigation, Soil Processing Impact factor: 1.076, year: 2010 http://www.agriculturejournals.cz/publishedArticle?journal=PSE&volume=56&firstPage=305

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agriculture africaine. ... collaborera avec la Banque africaine de développement et le Programme des Nations Unies pour le développement afin de compléter le soutien provenant du CRDI et de l'UK Department for International Development.

62 Utilisation du Système d'Information Géographique (SIG) pour la ...

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TOHOZIN

de restructuration d'un certain nombre d'infrastructures de la partie sud-est du .... simulation afin de rendre fonctionnelle cette ville. .... L'analyse de ces photos permet de constater qu'une grande partie des rues du noyau ancien de la ville.

Commande non linéaire du moteur synchrone à aimants ...

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un entrainement d'une charge mécanique à deux masses. Afin d'assurer la stabilité ... robustness of the proposed control strategy and the efficiency of nonlinear controllers operating with ..... Fuzzy Logic in Solar-Wind Hybrid Power. System ...

Elites, Organized Crime, Violence, and the Erosion of the State in ...

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... that organized crime in Latin America is growing in scope and geographic reach, ... to counteract the expansion of drug, human, and arms trafficking in the region. ... les changements climatiques efficaces et à long terme, afin de réduire les.

performance of cowpea grown as an intercrop with maize of different

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performance compared with 53,333 plants ha-1 because at these lower plant populations, maize plants had lower ... la savane de Guinée au Nigeria, afin de déterminer la performance de ...... toposequence land types in the West African.

C:\\Users\\AISA\\Desktop\\FOFANA INZA.xps

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objectif est d'évaluer la variabilité de certains descripteurs afin d'identifier les plus discriminants .... permis d'évaluer les performances biométriques des populations. Les Analyses en Composantes. Principales (ACP) ont été conduites à l'aide du.

Managing Natural Resources for Sustainable Livelihoods : Uniting ...

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Il donne des idées afin que la recherche soit participative tout en restant ... au Centre pour la recherche forestière internationale (CIFOR), en Indonésie, ... coopération scientifique et technologique en appui aux projets de recherche conjoints.

Neglected Issues Relating to African Health Systems: An Incentive ...

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Etudes et de Recherches sur les Dynamyques Sociales et le Développement Local. Pays d' institution. Niger. Site internet. http://www.lasdel.net. Contenus connexes. Favoriser les innovations en matière de vaccins afin d'améliorer les conditions ...

Traumatismes, développement et consolidation de la paix : vers une ...

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... en Inde, afin de cerner les meilleures pratiques en travail psychosocial dans les ... d'intervention psychosociale, le rôle qu'elles jouent dans la consolidation de la ... la gestion de l'eau et les migrations liées aux changements climatiques.

Résultats de recherche | Page 28 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

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Commission sur la Syrie de la revue The Lancet. L'objectif de la Commission est de mobiliser la communauté internationale afin de répondre aux besoins actuels et futurs en matière de santé de la population syrienne. Webpage.

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Commission sur la Syrie de la revue The Lancet. L'objectif de la Commission est de mobiliser la communauté internationale afin de répondre aux besoins actuels et futurs en matière de santé de la population syrienne. Webpage.

Introduction A sa création en 2001, le LASDEL, en tant qu ...

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à l'attention des utilisateurs : l'État (afin d'influencer les politiques publiques), les ... L'atelier de Dakar sur « l'amélioration des performances organisationnelles des ... ronde de partenaires techniques et financiers du LASDEL a été entreprise.

Evaluation des conditions de germination des noyaux de Grewia ...

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personnel

31 janv. 2014 ... graines de G.coriacea afin de parvenir à un meilleur taux de germination naturellement médiocre. ... fourchettes) et comme matériau de ...... contre, les chocs thermiques par l'eau .... stockage et de la durée de chauffage.

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plus rapidement le capital investi dans l'établissement de la ... hydriques conduisent à l'arrêt de croissance puis à la mort des .... les plans humain et financier, afin de mieux cibler les actions de ... Rentabilité économique des techniques.

12 Layout ppp2

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des échantillons d'eau issus des différentes sources respectives afin de comparer la qualité de l'eau à la source ..... Figure 2: Piper's diagram showing the various water types of all the water samples sampled. ..... Information on Phosphorus.

25 Utilisation d'un nouveau bio-floculant extrait de cactus marocain ...

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AKA BOKO

chimique (coagulation floculation) afin de traiter des rejets liquides chargés en chrome. (VI). Ce bio-floculant nous a permis de réduire la turbidité d'un effluent industriel, en .... Spectrophotomètre UV-Visible, type UV-160 mode SHIMADZU.

Sud du Sahara | Page 160 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

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flexible layout ... Large-scale land deals can bring benefits such as jobs, infrastructure, and access to food and markets. ... L'objectif consistait à éclairer le prochain plan stratégique quinquennal afin de renforcer la recherche en santé dans ...

70 ORIGINAL ARTICLE

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Boaz

Although infectious in most nosocomial infections with a high level of resistance ... approfondies afin de déterminer les types capsulaire des souches non K1 non K2. .... versatile method for the identification of bacteria to ... in a murine model of.

Ecology and management of the Prairie Division

Science.gov (United States)

Roger C. Anderson

2012-01-01

Grasslands occurred on all continents, comprised almost 42 percent of the world’s plant cover, and once covered approximately 46 million km2 of the Earth’s surface. Grasslands contain few trees or shrubs, are dominated by grasses (members of the family Poaceae), and have a mixture of nongraminoid herbaceous species called forbs. Plant families...

Different types of N nutrition and their impact on endogenous cytokinin levels in Festulolium and Trifolium pratense L

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Neuberg, M.; Pavlíková, D.; Žižková, Eva; Motyka, Václav; Pavlík, Milan

2011-01-01

Roč. 57, č. 8 (2011), s. 381-387 ISSN 1214-1178 R&D Projects: GA MZe QH71077; GA ČR(CZ) GAP506/11/0774 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z50380511 Keywords : poaceae * fabaceae * N nutrition Subject RIV: GD - Fertilization, Irrigation, Soil Processing Impact factor: 1.078, year: 2011 http://www.agriculturejournals.cz/publicFiles/44520.pdf

Directeur de domaine de programme (h/f) | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

... le directeur de domaine de programme, fournit de l'information stratégique, ... et assumer la responsabilité du recrutement, de l'affectation, de l'orientation, de ... des politiques et de la planification (GPP) afin de consolider la cohérence de la ...

S'adapter à une nouvelle réalité environnementale au Maroc | CRDI ...

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environnement ne cessent d'avoir une incidence sur le Maroc, un projet financé par le CRDI aide les populations à innover afin de survivre. Cet article fait partie d'une série de reportages sur des projets innovants mis en oeuvre ...

Analyse complète et systématique des protéines mutantes p53 dans ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Une fois l'identification terminée, l'objectif ultime est de cribler des composés qui perturbent ces interactions afin de trouver de nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques pour traiter les patients qui présentent ces mutations ... Sinai Health System.

india : tous les projets | Page 12 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

'initiative Casablanca rassemble des militantes et des universitaires du Sud, afin d'intégrer les connaissances des femmes à la question de la pauvreté mondiale, dont le fardeau de plus en plus lourd afflige surtout les femmes. Date de début ...

: tous les projets | Page 589 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Sujet: HEALTH SURVEYS, HEALTH STATISTICS, INFORMATION NETWORKS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TELEPHONE, PRIMARY HEALTH CARE. Région: Mozambique, North of Sahara, South of Sahara. Financement total : CA$ 1,596,842.00. Réseau d'information sur la santé du Mozambique. Projet. Il est vital, afin ...

Les troubles gonadiques chez les hémodialysés chroniques à l ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

étude montre une forte prévalence des manifestations cliniques des troubles gonadiques chez les patients en hémodialyse chronique. Aussi elles doivent être recherchées afin de mieux les prendre en charge, car ces troubles sont vécus par ...

Traits morphologiques des graines et vigueur des jeunes plants de ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SARAH

écologique du Sénégal afin de pouvoir sélectionner une meilleure semence qui sera destinée aux programmes de développement des énergies renouvelables. Journal of Applied Biosciences 88:8249– 8255. ISSN 1997–5902 ...

Résultats de recherche | Page 18 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'Initiative des conseils subventionnaires de la recherche scientifique en ... en matière de coopération dans les domaines de la science internationale, ... Le CRDI soutient Shirkat Gah afin d'améliorer les droits génésiques des Pakistanaises.

Résultats de recherche | Page 29 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'Initiative des conseils subventionnaires de la recherche scientifique en ... en matière de coopération dans les domaines de la science internationale, ... Le CRDI soutient Shirkat Gah afin d'améliorer les droits génésiques des Pakistanaises.

Résultats de recherche | Page 17 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'Initiative des conseils subventionnaires de la recherche scientifique en ... en matière de coopération dans les domaines de la science internationale, ... Le CRDI soutient Shirkat Gah afin d'améliorer les droits génésiques des Pakistanaises.

Soutien organisationnel de la phase 2 de l'ITT : Asociación de ...

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Son programme de recherche est axé sur l'économie, les sciences politiques ... inclusif dans une société multiculturelle, la croissance économique et l'éducation; ... -accroître son capital humain et mobiliser ses ressources afin d'assurer une ...

Contestation des Nobel une tradition aussi ancienne que leur attribution

CERN Document Server

Sevestre, G

2003-01-01

"La contestation des Nobel, avec cette annee la campagne lancee par un Americain afin de faire reconnaitre son role dans la mise au point de l'imagerie a resonance magnetique (IRM), constitue une tradition, quasiment aussi ancienne que l'attribution de ces distinctions" (1 page).

Impact de l'activité anthropique sur la dégradation de l ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Mots clés : El Kala - IPO - Diagramme de Piper - Impact anthropique – Piézométrie. Abstract ..... quelques recommandations afin de participer à la protection du parc ... hydrochimique de quelques hydro systèmes de la Numidie. (Régions d'El ...

Coordonnateur (h/f), Section de l'évaluation | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Résumé des fonctions Le coordonnateur de la Section de l'évaluation doit: ... des recommandations sur les processus administratifs et opérationnels afin ... à la DAS l'information à saisir dans le système de gestion des subventions et des ...

Floristic and phytosociological analysis of palm swamps in the central part of the Brazilian savanna

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Isa Lucia de Morais Resende

2013-03-01

Full Text Available We analyzed the floristics and phytosociology of three palm swamps in the municipality of Bela Vista de Goiás, located in the state of Goiás, Brazil, in the central part of the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado. The floristic surveys were conducted monthly from May 2008 to April 2009, and 310 species were recorded (seven bryophytes, 15 ferns and 288 angiosperms. Bryophytes belonged to five genera and five families; ferns belonged to nine genera and nine families; and angiosperms belonged to 134 genera and 45 families. The angiosperm families with the highest species richness were Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Asteraceae, Eriocaulaceae, Xyridaceae, Lentibulariaceae, Melastomataceae, Rubiaceae and Fabaceae. The palm swamps were divided into three zones of increasing humidity: edge, middle and core. The number of species was higher in the middle than at the edge and the core. The families with the highest cover values were Cyperaceae, Melastomataceae, Arecaceae and Poaceae. Although the palm swamps had been disturbed to varying degrees, those disturbances did not affect the flora in the middle or the core. Floristic similarity was high between these two zones within a given palm swamp and low between the edges of different palm swamps.

The influence of short-term cold stress on the metabolism of non-structural carbohydrates in polar grasses

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Łopieńska-Biernat Elżbieta

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Plants adapt to extremely low temperatures in polar regions by maximizing their photosynthetic efficiency and accumulating cryoprotective and osmoprotective compounds. Flowering plants of the family Poaceae growing in the Arctic and in the Antarctic were investigated. Their responses to cold stress were analyzed under laboratory conditions. Samples were collected after 24 h and 48 h of cold treatment. Quantitative and qualitative changes of sugars are found among different species, but they can differ within a genus of the family Poaceae. The values of the investigated parameters in Poa annua differed considerably depending to the biogeographic origin of plants. At the beginning of the experiment, Antarctic plants were acclimatized in greenhouse characterized by significantly higher content of sugars, including storage reserves, sucrose and starch, but lower total protein content. After 24 h of exposure to cold stress, much smaller changes in the examined parameters were noted in Antarctic plants than in locally grown specimens. Total sugar content and sucrose, starch and glucose levels were nearly constant in P. annua, but they varied significantly. Those changes are responsible for the high adaptability of P. annua to survive and develop in highly unsupportive environments and colonize new regions.

The local knowledge of food plants used by Karo ethnic in Semangat Gunung Village, North Sumatra, Indonesia

Science.gov (United States)

Nisyawati, Aini, R. N.; Silalahi, M.; Purba, E. C.; Avifah, N.

2017-07-01

Research on the local knowledge of food plants used by Karo ethnic in the Semangat Gunung Village, North Sumatra has been done. The aim of this study is to reveal plant species that used by the people of Karo ethnic as food. We used the ethnobotanical approach which included open-ended, semi-structural interview, and exploration method. One eldervillage, 2 traditional healers, and 30 respondents have been selected as sources of information. Descriptive statistics have been used to analyze the gathered data. A number of 109 species which belong to 83 genus and 45 families known to be used as food sources by Karo people. Four families have the highest number of food plant species, which are Solanaceae (8 species), Poaceae (7 species), Fabaceae (6 species), and Zingiberaceae (6 species). All of those families are found in the village, both wild and Cultivated. Solanaceae is used as source of fruits, vegetables, and spices. Poaceae is used as the source of the staple food, alternative food sources, snacks, spices, and traditional foods. Fabaceae is used as source of vegetables and traditional foods. Zingiberaceae is used as source of spices.

Mitochondrial Genome Analysis of Wild Rice (Oryza minuta) and Its Comparison with Other Related Species.

Science.gov (United States)

Asaf, Sajjad; Khan, Abdul Latif; Khan, Abdur Rahim; Waqas, Muhammad; Kang, Sang-Mo; Khan, Muhammad Aaqil; Shahzad, Raheem; Seo, Chang-Woo; Shin, Jae-Ho; Lee, In-Jung

2016-01-01

Oryza minuta (Poaceae family) is a tetraploid wild relative of cultivated rice with a BBCC genome. O. minuta has the potential to resist against various pathogenic diseases such as bacterial blight (BB), white backed planthopper (WBPH) and brown plant hopper (BPH). Here, we sequenced and annotated the complete mitochondrial genome of O. minuta. The mtDNA genome is 515,022 bp, containing 60 protein coding genes, 31 tRNA genes and two rRNA genes. The mitochondrial genome organization and the gene content at the nucleotide level are highly similar (89%) to that of O. rufipogon. Comparison with other related species revealed that most of the genes with known function are conserved among the Poaceae members. Similarly, O. minuta mt genome shared 24 protein-coding genes, 15 tRNA genes and 1 ribosomal RNA gene with other rice species (indica and japonica). The evolutionary relationship and phylogenetic analysis revealed that O. minuta is more closely related to O. rufipogon than to any other related species. Such studies are essential to understand the evolutionary divergence among species and analyze common gene pools to combat risks in the current scenario of a changing environment.

Molecular features of grass allergens and development of biotechnological approaches for allergy prevention.

Science.gov (United States)

Devis, Deborah L; Davies, Janet M; Zhang, Dabing

2017-09-01

Allergic diseases are characterized by elevated allergen-specific IgE and excessive inflammatory cell responses. Among the reported plant allergens, grass pollen and grain allergens, derived from agriculturally important members of the Poaceae family such as rice, wheat and barley, are the most dominant and difficult to prevent. Although many allergen homologs have been predicted from species such as wheat and timothy grass, fundamental aspects such as the evolution and function of plant pollen allergens remain largely unclear. With the development of genetic engineering and genomics, more primary sequences, functions and structures of plant allergens have been uncovered, and molecular component-based allergen-specific immunotherapies are being developed. In this review, we aim to provide an update on (i) the distribution and importance of pollen and grain allergens of the Poaceae family, (ii) the origin and evolution, and functional aspects of plant pollen allergens, (iii) developments of allergen-specific immunotherapy for pollen allergy using biotechnology and (iv) development of less allergenic plants using gene engineering techniques. We also discuss future trends in revealing fundamental aspects of grass pollen allergens and possible biotechnological approaches to reduce the amount of pollen allergens in grasses. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Literatura e História: loucura, paixão e guerra - conside-rações sobre uma questão pessoal, de Beppe Fenoglio

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Vanessa Gomes Franca

2008-01-01

Notre recherche constitueune étude de la rélation entreLittérature et Histoire dans le romanUma questão pessoal, de BeppeFenoglio. Afin de verifier cetterélation, nous avons aborder desaspects relatifs à la folie, à l’amouret à la guerre.

8Wambi heritability.pmd

African Journals Online (AJOL)

ACSS

Cultural, biological and chemical control measures have received limited ... as a percentage of the mean (GAM) and heritability were estimated using variance components. ... présente étude a été conduite afin de déterminer l'héritabilité de la ...

Traits morphologiques des graines et vigueur des jeunes plants de ...

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écologique du Sénégal afin de pouvoir sélectionner une meilleure semence qui sera destinée aux programmes de développement des énergies renouvelables. Morphological traits of seeds and seedling vigor of two sources of Jatropha curcas L. in ...

2018-IJBCS-Article-François Matty

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

pour une meilleure utilisation des terres de la vallée de Tamra. © 2014 International ... thermiques entre les maxima et les minima annuels sont .... matériau est bariolé ocre rougeâtre et jaunâtre ..... existantes afin de favoriser le stockage des.

À propos du CRDI | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le Centre de recherches pour le développement international (CRDI) finance des travaux de recherche dans les pays en développement afin d'y favoriser la croissance, de réduire la pauvreté et d'impulser des changements positifs à grande échelle.

Visitando a Mintzberg: Su concepto de estrategia y principales escuelas

OpenAIRE

Iván Alonso Montoya Restrepo

2005-01-01

El presente artículo explora las definiciones ofrecidas por Henry Mintzberg sobre estrategia, así como las escuelas afines a estos planteamientos. Identifica luego los nichos de investigación al cruzar las definiciones de Mintzberg con el concepto de distancia de poder empleado por Hofstede.

IMPACT DE L’ORIENTATION SUR LE CONFORT THERMIQUE INTERIEUR DANS L’HABITATION COLLECTIVE : Cas de la nouvelle ville Ali Mendjeli, Constantine

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S BELLARA LOUAFI

2009-06-01

Une étude est effectuée sur le site de la nouvelle ville ALI MENDJELI de Constantine afin de comparer et de chercher la relation entre les éléments du climat et l’orientation. Une investigation sur terrain (relevé des températures, humidité relatives, températures de surfaces est entreprise pour évaluer la réponse quantitative globale pour ce type de climat (semi aride. Parallèlement à cela une simulation à l’aide d’un logiciel TRNSYS (version 14.1 a été effectuée pour tester plusieurs possibilités d’orientations et d’améliorations afin de déterminer les éléments qui peuvent servir à des conditions meilleures. Les résultats montrent que la prise en compte du critère orientation fait participer le bâtiment à une conception plus performante thermiquement et plus économe énergétiquement.

La parole est à vous

CERN Multimedia

Staff Association

2015-01-01

Nous avons identifié, ci-dessous, 3 grands chapitres pour lesquelles bon nombre d’entre vous se posent des questions et ont fréquemment sollicités leurs délégués, qui n’ont pas toujours pu donner de réponses : La retraite et sa préparation. L’affiliation aux régimes sécurité sociale de nos états hôtes et ses conséquences au moment de la retraite. La fiscalité en général. Le service juridique, que nous avons interrogé récemment, n’est pas toujours informé de vos interrogations et de ce fait, il n’a pas encore pu investiguer sur ces questions auprès des services compétents. Il nous a suggéré de vous interroger afin de collecter vos questions, de les synthétiser, afin de les transmettre...

Autonomia e discricionariedade do Ministério Público no Brasil

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Fábio Kerche

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Dans cet article, on examine l'autonomie, le pouvoir discrétionnaire et le large éventail d'attributions du Ministère Public au Brésil figurant dans la Constitution de 1988, afin de savoir si cet assemblage ne s'oppose pas au principe démocratique selon lequel les institutions d'État, y compris celles qui n'utilisent pas le système d'élections directes pour l'admission de leurs membres, doivent rendre compte de leurs actes devant le peuple souverain. Dans ce but, on part de la littérature néo-institutionnelle concernant la bureaucratie afin d'étudier le Ministère Public au Brésil. En conclusion, on voit que les hommes politiques se servent très peu de l'institution, ce qui est plutôt rare au Brésil ainsi que chez d'autres pays démocratiques.

Le problème de la discrimination raciale dans les établissements scolaires américains The racial discrimination problem in American schools(about a book by Anthony Amsterdam and Jerome Bruner

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Remi Clignet

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Le présent article, réalisé à partir de l’ouvrage d’Amsterdam et Bruner Minding the law a pour objet le problème de la discrimination raciale aux Etats-Unis à partir de l’analyse des différents arrêts rendus par la Cour Suprême, afin de déterminer leur valeur objective ainsi que leur portée juridique. L’ouvrage concerné consiste à analyser, d’une part, le contenu des arrêts et, d’autre part, leur application dans la société américaine afin d’évaluer la mise en œuvre du programme mettant fin à la discrimination raciale dans les établissements scolaires. Or l’analyse par les auteurs de tous les arrêts rendus de 1896 à 1977 révèle une anomalie dans l’application du programme, tant sur le plan théorique que pratique.

Afinal, quem é mesmo pedófilo? Who is really pedophile, after all?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jane Felipe

2006-06-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo busca problematizar alguns dos aspectos pertinentes ao debate contemporâneo em torno das "novas" modalidades de experimentação dos desejos erótico-sexuais, em especial a pedofilia/o pedófilo, discutindo os modos pelos quais tais conceitos vêm sendo re-significados nos últimos anos. A partir do referencial teórico dos Estudos Culturais e dos Estudos de Gênero, numa abordagem pós-estruturalista de análise, pretendo mostrar que, apesar das tentativas de aprisionar/categorizar/ normatizar determinados comportamentos em torno da sexualidade, a partir de campos de conhecimento específicos, estes escorregam, escapam, vazam, nos sentidos que lhes são atribuídos.This article raises questions about some aspects of the contemporary debate concerning the "new" modes of experimenting erotic and sexual desires, especially pedophilia/the pedophile. It discusses the resignification of these concepts over the last years. The starting points are the Cultural Studies and the Gender Studies, in a post-structuralist analysis approach. I intend to show that, despite the attempts of confining/regulating/ categorizing certain behaviors regarding sexuality into specific fields of knowledge, they leak, slip, escape from the meanings attributed to them.

Afinal, quem é mesmo pedófilo? Who is really pedophile, after all?

OpenAIRE

Jane Felipe

2006-01-01

O presente artigo busca problematizar alguns dos aspectos pertinentes ao debate contemporâneo em torno das "novas" modalidades de experimentação dos desejos erótico-sexuais, em especial a pedofilia/o pedófilo, discutindo os modos pelos quais tais conceitos vêm sendo re-significados nos últimos anos. A partir do referencial teórico dos Estudos Culturais e dos Estudos de Gênero, numa abordagem pós-estruturalista de análise, pretendo mostrar que, apesar das tentativas de aprisionar/categorizar/ ...

Exploitation du savoir autochtone afin de créer des emplois pour les ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Transformer l'emploi des femmes. L'étude explorera le potentiel d'approches novatrices locales ou autochtones visant à appuyer l'emploi en milieu rural. Les chercheurs auront recours à des méthodes quantitatives et qualitatives pour analyser la façon dont le savoir autochtone et la technologie peuvent être utilisés pour ...

Exploitation du savoir autochtone afin de créer des emplois pour les ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

La Commission des Nations unies pour la démarginalisation estime que quatre milliards de personnes ne peuvent pas exercer leurs droits juridiques à cause des coûts, du dysfonctionnement, de la corruption ou de l'abus de pouvoir. Il existe un besoin reconnu en institutions intermédiaires, comme les médias, les partis ...

Papers in Language Learning and Language Acquisition. AFinLA Yearbook 1980. No. 28.

Science.gov (United States)

Sajavaara, Kari, Ed.; And Others

Papers include: (1) "Language Acquisitional Universals: L1, L2, Pidgins, and FLT" (Henning Wode); (2) "Language Acquisition, Language Learning and the School Curriculum" (Norman F. Davies); (3) "Language Teaching and Acquisition of Communication" (Kari Sajavaara, Jaakko Lehtonen); (4) "On the Distinction between…

Exploitation du savoir autochtone afin de créer des emplois pour les ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

la pollution ou la détérioration des terres. ... pas exercer leurs droits juridiques à cause des coûts, du dysfonctionnement, de la corruption ou de l'abus de pouvoir. ... IDRC evidence and innovation supports India's adaptation to climate change.

Renforcer la capacité de recherche afin d'orienter l'élaboration de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

17 août 2017 ... Ces programmes reposant sur des projets ont eu un impact durable sur la capacité des chercheurs du Sud à mener leurs propres études conformément aux normes internationales et à utiliser leurs résultats pour orienter les politiques en vue de favoriser un développement plus inclusif et plus équitable.

Nature of ergastic substances in some Poaceae seeds

African Journals Online (AJOL)

ajl yemi

2011-08-29

Aug 29, 2011 ... 1Department of Botany, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. 2Department of Botany, Ambrose Alli University, PMB. 14, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria. Accepted 6 May, 2011 ... grasses) contribute more food seeds than any other plant family; it contributes about 50% per capita energy ...

Chloroplasts in anther endothecium of Zea mays (Poaceae).

Science.gov (United States)

Murphy, Katherine M; Egger, Rachel L; Walbot, Virginia

2015-11-01

Although anthers of Zea mays, Oryza sativa, and Arabidopsis thaliana have been studied intensively using genetic and biochemical analyses in the past 20 years, few updates to anther anatomical and ultrastructural descriptions have been reported. For example, no transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the premeiotic maize anther have been published. Here we report the presence of chloroplasts in maize anthers. TEM imaging, electron acceptor photosynthesis assay, in planta photon detection, microarray analysis, and light and fluorescence microscopy were used to investigate the presence of chloroplasts in the maize anther. Most cells of the maize subepidermal endothecium have starch-containing chloroplasts that do not conduct measurable photosynthesis in vitro. The maize anther contains chloroplasts in most subepidermal, endothecial cells. Although maize anthers receive sufficient light to photosynthesize in vivo and the maize anther transcribes >96% of photosynthesis-associated genes found in the maize leaf, no photosynthetic light reaction activity was detected in vitro. The endothecial cell layer should no longer be defined as a complete circle viewed transversely in anther lobes, because chloroplasts are observed only in cells directly beneath the epidermis and not those adjacent to the connective tissue. We propose that chloroplasts be a defining characteristic of differentiated endothecial cells and that nonsubepidermal endothecial cells that lack chloroplasts be defined as a separate cell type, the interendothecium. © 2015 Botanical Society of America.

Nature of ergastic substances in some Poaceae seeds

African Journals Online (AJOL)

ajl yemi

2011-08-29

Aug 29, 2011 ... 1Department of Botany, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. ... Since seed is the storage organs of ergastic materials such as .... Ultrastructure and Development of Silica Bodies in Monocotyledons.

LAS ESPECIES DE MUHLENBERGIA (POACEAE: CHLORIDOIDEAE DE ARGENTINA

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Peterson Paul

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Se presenta un estudio taxonómico de las especies nativas argentinas del géneroMuhlenbergia, basado en el análisis de los especímenes depositados en 48 herbarios.Se analizan diversos aspectos relativos a la clasifi cación, la nomenclatura y lavariación morfológica de los caracteres. Muhlenbergia está representado enArgentina por 18 especies nativas. Se proporcionan claves para reconocer lasespecies presentes en el país, así como también descripciones de éstas, sinónimos,ilustraciones, distribución geográfica y algunos comentarios morfológicos yecológicos. Muhlenbergia breviaristata (Hack. Parodi y Muhlenbergia holwayorumHitchc., se reducen como sinónimos del híbrido Muhlenbergia angustata (J. PreslKunth × M. rigida (Kunth Kunth. Muhlenbergia diversiglumis Trin. se cita porprimera vez para la Argentina. Por otra parte, las especies Muhlenbergia tenella(Kunth Trin. y Muhlenbergia tenuissima (J. Presl Kunth se excluyen de la fl orade Argentina.

Micropropagation of Guadua angustifolia Kunth (Poaceae) using a ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Universidad del Quindio

2016-07-13

Jul 13, 2016 ... develop an application for RITA® for use in the commercial production of G. angustifolia. Key words: Giant .... Data were analyzed using a random block design with 20 replicates ..... Gray D (eds) Plant Tissue Culture Concepts and Laboratory ... A (eds) Current Issues in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology,.

Micropropagation of Guadua angustifolia Kunth (Poaceae) using a ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The micropropagation of Guadua angustifolia Kunth, commonly known as giant bamboo, using semisolid culture medium, is reported to have low multiplication rates. This study evaluated the multiplication index of G. angustifolia in a temporary immersion system (RITA®), comparing results with those obtained using a ...

USAHA DOMESTIFIKASI TUMBUHAN POKEM (Setaria italica L.) MASYARAKAT LOKAL PULAU NUMFOR, KABUPATEN BIAK NUMFOR SEBAGAI UPAYA MENUNJANG KETAHANAN PANGAN NASIONAL (The Effort of Domestication of Pokem {Setaria italica (L.) Beauv} by Local Communities)

OpenAIRE

Suharno, Suharno; Sufaati, Supeni; Agustini, Verena; Tanjung, Rosye Hefmi Rechnelty

2015-01-01

ABSTRAK Daya dukung lingkungan (habitat) sangat berpengaruh terhadap pemenuhan kebutuhan hidup manusia. Usaha domestikasi tumbuhan pokem (Setaria italica L.) di Pulau Numfor Kabupaten Biak Numfor telah diusahakan sejak lama oleh masyarakat lokal. Tumbuhan yang termasuk kelompok rumput–rumputan (Familia: Poaceae) telah dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pangan lokal. Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan dan proses budidaya yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat lokal di pulau Numfor ...

Source areas and long-range transport of pollen from continental land to Tenerife (Canary Islands).

Science.gov (United States)

Izquierdo, Rebeca; Belmonte, Jordina; Avila, Anna; Alarcón, Marta; Cuevas, Emilio; Alonso-Pérez, Silvia

2011-01-01

The Canary Islands, due to their geographical position, constitute an adequate site for the study of long-range pollen transport from the surrounding land masses. In this study, we analyzed airborne pollen counts at two sites: Santa Cruz de Tenerife (SCO), at sea level corresponding to the marine boundary layer (MBL), and Izaña at 2,367 m.a.s.l. corresponding to the free troposphere (FT), for the years 2006 and 2007. We used three approaches to describe pollen transport: (1) a classification of provenances with an ANOVA test to describe pollen count differences between sectors; (2) a study of special events of high pollen concentrations, taking into consideration the corresponding meteorological synoptic pattern responsible for transport and back trajectories; and (3) a source-receptor model applied to a selection of the pollen taxa to show pollen source areas. Our results indicate several extra-regional pollen transport episodes to Tenerife. The main provenances were: (1) the Mediterranean region, especially the southern Iberian Peninsula and Morocco, through the trade winds in the MBL. These episodes were characterized by the presence of pollen from trees (Casuarina, Olea, Quercus perennial and deciduous types) mixed with pollen from herbs (Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae and Poaceae wild type). (2) The Saharan sector, through transport at the MBL level carrying pollen principally from herbs (Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae wild type) and, in one case, Casuarina pollen, uplifted to the free troposphere. And (3) the Sahel, characterized by low pollen concentrations of Arecaceae, Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae wild type in sporadic episodes. This research shows that sporadic events of long-range pollen transport need to be taken into consideration in Tenerife as possible responsible agents in respiratory allergy episodes. In particular, it is estimated that 89-97% of annual counts of the highly allergenous Olea

Source areas and long-range transport of pollen from continental land to Tenerife (Canary Islands)

Science.gov (United States)

Izquierdo, Rebeca; Belmonte, Jordina; Avila, Anna; Alarcón, Marta; Cuevas, Emilio; Alonso-Pérez, Silvia

2011-01-01

The Canary Islands, due to their geographical position, constitute an adequate site for the study of long-range pollen transport from the surrounding land masses. In this study, we analyzed airborne pollen counts at two sites: Santa Cruz de Tenerife (SCO), at sea level corresponding to the marine boundary layer (MBL), and Izaña at 2,367 m.a.s.l. corresponding to the free troposphere (FT), for the years 2006 and 2007. We used three approaches to describe pollen transport: (1) a classification of provenances with an ANOVA test to describe pollen count differences between sectors; (2) a study of special events of high pollen concentrations, taking into consideration the corresponding meteorological synoptic pattern responsible for transport and back trajectories; and (3) a source-receptor model applied to a selection of the pollen taxa to show pollen source areas. Our results indicate several extra-regional pollen transport episodes to Tenerife. The main provenances were: (1) the Mediterranean region, especially the southern Iberian Peninsula and Morocco, through the trade winds in the MBL. These episodes were characterized by the presence of pollen from trees ( Casuarina, Olea, Quercus perennial and deciduous types) mixed with pollen from herbs ( Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae and Poaceae wild type). (2) The Saharan sector, through transport at the MBL level carrying pollen principally from herbs (Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae wild type) and, in one case, Casuarina pollen, uplifted to the free troposphere. And (3) the Sahel, characterized by low pollen concentrations of Arecaceae, Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae wild type in sporadic episodes. This research shows that sporadic events of long-range pollen transport need to be taken into consideration in Tenerife as possible responsible agents in respiratory allergy episodes. In particular, it is estimated that 89-97% of annual counts of the highly allergenous Olea

Document de travail 6: A Conceptual Framework to Guide Research ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

16 déc. 2010 ... Document de travail 6: A Conceptual Framework to Guide Research on ... du secteur privé ainsi que les tendances qui influencent l'élaboration et la ... afin de guider l'élaboration de son agenda de recherche en matière de ...

Directeur, administration des subventions (h/f) | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Diriger l'élaboration de politiques régissant l'administration de projets du Centre ... Tenir à jour un aperçu stratégique des activités de projet du Centre afin d'en .... Gérer le recrutement du personnel de l'administration des subventions dans ...

Mise en évidence d'une variation intra spécifique chez Botrytis ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SARAH

25 avr. 2013 ... 2 Présidence de l'Université Ibn Tofaïl, Kenitra, Maroc. Auteur correspondant .... ambiante et sous lumière continue afin de favoriser davantage la .... formation de sclérotes sur les disques foliaires de tomate est observée chez ...

BUYING AND SELLING A SMALL BUSINESS.

Science.gov (United States)

Part One takes the form of a manual of the processes and techniques of buying and selling a small business . This material is presented in a...finalizing the transaction and planning for operation under new ownership and management . Part Two reports the nature of the research conducted during the

As disciplinas de administração da produção: nos cursos superiores de administração de empresas ministrados na Grande São Paulo

OpenAIRE

Pilão, Nivaldo Elias

1987-01-01

Esta pesquisa pretende contribuir para a discussão sobre o ensino de Administração de Empresas de modo geral e, especificamente, sobre as disciplinas "Administração da Produção", "Administração de Materiais" e outras afins e/ou complementares.

Le CRDI au Cambodge

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

occasion aux chercheurs du ... afin de mieux comprendre comment les collec- tivités peuvent gérer les ressources forestières, côtières et ... situation, dont les autorités ne tiennent bien souvent pas compte. Des chercheurs fournis - sent à des ...

7 « ETAT, HERITAGE COLONIAL ET STRATEGIE DE ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

gate lse

d'une économie de marché basée sur la promotion de l'entreprise pri- vée afin ...... segmentation du marché du travail entre secteur formel et secteur info- rmel, ce dernier ... cules de tourisme et les médicaments) et enfin les biens alimentaires.

Résultats de recherche | Page 29 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les prix de la diplomatie scientifique reconnaissent les réalisations remarquables en matière de coopération dans les domaines de la science internationale, de la ... Le CRDI soutient Shirkat Gah afin d'améliorer les droits génésiques des ...

Plate-forme d'outils en logiciel libre pour l'enseignement supérieur ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

POLLES) vise à mettre en place un réseau d'experts en logiciels libres afin de développer des outils informatiques pour l'usage des universités nord africaines. Trois sortes d'outils seront développées : des logiciels d'infrastructure technologique ...

Résultats de recherche | Page 450 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Shainoor Khoja occupe le poste de directrice générale chez Better Business Enterprise, un cabinet d'experts-conseils qui mène des activités à l'échelle internationale et travaille avec de multiples intervenants afin de cerner des occasions d'util. Profile.

Analyste de systèmes intermédiaire (h/f) | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'analyste de systèmes intermédiaire travaille sous la supervision du ... à la mise en œuvre et à la maintenance d'un large éventail de systèmes tout en assurant ... directement les consultants externes sous contrat afin de faciliter la transition ...

Application des TIC à l'atténuation des effets des catastrophes dans ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'Amérique centrale est souvent aux prises avec des inondations et des ... (SIG) et de traitement des images, afin de cartographier les dangers et de modéliser les ... de l'Institut d'étude du développement international de l'Université McGill.

L'arabe marocain en « sous-France » : Statuts sociolinguistique et culturel des personnes issues de l'immigration marocaine

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abourahim Bouaissi Maha

2014-07-01

Full Text Available L’arabe marocain serait de moins en moins parlé dans les familles issues de l’immigration marocaine en France, et par là-même, la pratique du bilinguisme mêlant français et arabe marocain serait en péril. Afin de pouvoir confirmer ou infirmer une telle hypothèse, j’ai donc mené un travail d’enquête de terrain s’étalant sur 7 années auprès de deux familles afin de constituer mon travail de thèse. L’étude comparative de deux profils de familles distinctes était nécessaire. L’une, dans laquelle les parents avaient été scolarisés au Maroc et avaient donc emporté avec eux un minimum de bagages linguistiques leur permettant de pouvoir communiquer en français et en arabe marocain avec leurs enfants, la famille B. L’autre, dans laquelle les parents n’avaient pas été scolarisés et auraient donc été amenés à utiliser seulement l’arabe marocain au sein du foyer, la famille A. L’étude des parcours de migration, les statuts des langues en question, et les représentations linguistiques aideront donc, dans un premier temps, à mieux comprendre les comportements langagiers de chacun. Ceux-ci seront ensuite présentés et analysés afin de mettre en lumière les paramètres susceptibles d’intervenir sur la transmission de l’arabe marocain en France, seule garante de la pérennité du code switching maroco-français.

Jeunes à risque et emplois à l'ère numérique | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

; on aura recours aux ordinateurs portables, aux jeux et aux plateformes du Web 2.0 afin que les élèves puissent parfaire leur apprentissage dans un cadre scolaire. Le projet se déroulera dans une école de Buenos Aires où sont réunies les ...

Literatura e História: loucura, paixão e guerra - conside-rações sobre uma questão pessoal, de Beppe Fenoglio

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vanessa Gomes Franca

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Notre recherche constitueune étude de la rélation entreLittérature et Histoire dans le romanUma questão pessoal, de BeppeFenoglio. Afin de verifier cetterélation, nous avons aborder desaspects relatifs à la folie, à l’amouret à la guerre.

Frequently Asked Questions - GHRI Calls

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Genevieve Prud'homme

16 mai 2014 ... politiques et recherche en matière de santé (OPRS). ..... utilisée afin de mettre en oeuvre une intervention ou une stratégie et le restant des fonds .... Est-il permis de recruter un(e) candidat(e) au doctorat et d'utiliser des fonds ...

Rapport annuel

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

1 janv. 2018 ... En avril 2015, le CRDI lançait son Plan stratégique 2015-. 2020 : Investir .... C'est dans cet esprit que la nouvelle Politique de libre accès du CRDI ...... mise en place afin d'améliorer les processus de recrutement, de formation ...

Defining, Measuring, and Comparing Organisational Cultures

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van den Berg, Peter T.; Wilderom, Celeste P.M.

2004-01-01

La littérature portant sur la culture des organisations souffre d’un manque manifeste d’enquêtes extensives débouchant sur des études comparatives. Afin de rendre plus comparables les cultures organisationnelles, nous proposons une définition et une série de dimensions. La culture organisationnelle

Adjoint de programme régional (h/f) | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'adjoint de programme doit établir les priorités parmi les multiples ... sur un système de contrôle, en établissant l'ordre prioritaire afin de respecter les ... Au besoin, aider les agents de gestion de programme à entretenir et à mettre à jour les ...

El mundo está en tus manos

OpenAIRE

Cabrales Arzola, Fernanda; González Gamez, María F

2017-01-01

Esta inforgrafía va dirigida a niños especialmente de la edad de 8 a 12 años, con el objetivo de formar una cultura de cuidado al medio ambiente y al mismo tiempo sembrar un interés en temas afines a energía sustentable.

Visitando a Mintzberg: Su concepto de estrategia y principales escuelas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Iván Alonso Montoya Restrepo

2005-07-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo explora las definiciones ofrecidas por Henry Mintzberg sobre estrategia, así como las escuelas afines a estos planteamientos. Identifica luego los nichos de investigación al cruzar las definiciones de Mintzberg con el concepto de distancia de poder empleado por Hofstede.

Résultats de recherche | Page 149 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

La subvention permettra au Conseil des gouverneurs du CRDI de commander huit documents devant faire l'objet d'un examen par des pairs à d'éminents penseurs, afin de mettre en lumière les changements qui surviennent à l'échelle de la planète et les. Projet.

Figura y fondo. Arquitectura y espacio público en el Montevideo contemporáneo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liliana Carmona

2011-12-01

El análisis verifica prácticas afines a las prefiguradas, observándose distintas relaciones entre arquitectura y espacio público, entendidas como interacciones figura/fondo. Estas fluctúan entre lo escenográfico, el espacio existencial y la gravitación en torno a íconos.  

Etude des différents systèmes d'embouteillage du vin

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

H. HAUBS

1971-09-01

Afin d'établir une classification des machines d'embouteillage, on peut, comme dans toutes les tentatives de ce genre, utiliser différents critères. De prime abord, le plus important nous semble être de distinguer entre les tireuses à niveau constant et les tireuses volumétriques

Abrégés Numéro spécial de la revue Regional Environmental ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Hayley Price

En revanche, les études portant sur les deltas étaient axées sur les dangers, principalement sur les inondations côtières, qui ont une incidence ... l'Asie du Sud, soit le Gange, le Brahmapoutre et l'Indus, afin de comprendre les mécanismes de.

narrative xml:lang="fr"

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

The aim is threefold: to enhance the ability of rural communities to manage their ...... point des interventions communautaires afin de cibler les habitats des larves qui ...... But, while there is a rich literature exploring the impact of decentralization on ...... and high mortality in domestic poultry, waterfowl and other bird species.

Two new species of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea from Sardinia (Italy with a check list of Sardinian Coccoidea

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Giuseppina Pellizzari

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Two new species of scale insects collected in Sardinia (Italy are described and illustrated: Spinococcus giuliae sp. n. (Pseudococcidae off the roots of Umbilicus rupestris (Crassulaceae and Micrococcus sardous sp. n. (Micrococcidae off the root of an undetermined grass (Poaceae growing near the sea. A n identification key to Micrococcus species and a revised list of the scales presently known in the island are also provided.

Illustrated weed flora of cotton crop of khairpur district, sindh, pakistan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Memon, R.A.; Bhatti, G.R.

2014-01-01

A survey was carried out for the composition of weed flora of cotton crop of Khairpur district, Sindh, Pakistan. Thirty six weed species belonging to 16 families were noted. Poaceae was found to be most dominant family representing seven species followed by Asteraceae and Papilionaceae, each with five species. Botanical descriptions and illustrations/line drawings of all the recorded taxa were prepared in order to identify the weed species. (author)

Test Area C-62 Final Programmatic Environmental Assessment

Science.gov (United States)

2002-05-01

grasses, leaves, fruits , seeds, and insects. The foods most frequently found in their diets are grasses (Poaceae spp.) and legume fruits (Fabaceae spp...heavily on grasses, herbs, fruits , and mast. They also feed on carrion and insects (Jonkel, 1978). The key habitat requirements of black bears are...transforming toxic compounds into harmless water, carbon dioxide, and/or methane (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1999). Soil and groundwater microbiota are

In Silico and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Mapping Reveals Collinearity between the Pennisetum squamulatum Apomixis Carrier-Chromosome and Chromosome 2 of Sorghum and Foxtail Millet

OpenAIRE

Sapkota, Sirjan; Conner, Joann A.; Hanna, Wayne W.; Simon, Bindu; Fengler, Kevin; Deschamps, St?phane; Cigan, Mark; Ozias-Akins, Peggy

2016-01-01

Apomixis, or clonal propagation through seed, is a trait identified within multiple species of the grass family (Poaceae). The genetic locus controlling apomixis in Pennisetum squamulatum (syn Cenchrus squamulatus) and Cenchrus ciliaris (syn Pennisetum ciliare, buffelgrass) is the apospory-specific genomic region (ASGR). Previously, the ASGR was shown to be highly conserved but inverted in marker order between P. squamulatum and C. ciliaris based on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) a...

Activites antimicrobiennes des extraits de trios plantes medicinales ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Les propriétés antimicrobiennes des extraits hydroéthanoliques des feuilles de Spondias mombin L. (Anacardiaceae), de Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) et de Pterocarpus santalinoides L. (Papilionadeae) sont étudiées afin de justifier leur utilisation pour le traitement des infections et toxi-infections alimentaires au Bénin.

L'e-gouvernement pour la bonne gouvernance dans les pays en ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'infrastructure de base et les limites qui persistent dans l'alimentation électrique ...... de “back-office” et de “back-end”) comme prérequis inévitable afin d'espérer ... systèmes embarqués, de l'informatique mobile, de l'informatique distribuée, ...

Prevalence of Tuberculosis among patients attending two ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

. Cette étude a été menée afin d'examiner le taux d'infections à Mycobacteriumtuberculosi schez les individus suivis à la clinique externe de deux hôpitaux de métropole de Abeokuta au Sud-ouest du Nigéria. Sur les 132 individus examinés, ...

1825-IJBCS-Article-Sandong Rodigue

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

Essai d'analyses de la conception paysanne de l'évolution, de la gestion et de ... d'aménagement, découlant de cette perception, ont été proposées afin d'atténuer la dynamique régressive ..... contrôles nocturnes, surtout en saison sèche.

Sécurité alimentaire : une lutte sur plusieurs fronts | CRDI - Centre ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

1 févr. 2011 ... En 1996, 180 pays – dont le Canada – ont participé à Rome au Sommet ... la Déclaration de Rome sur la sécurité alimentaire mondiale et le Plan .... de la finance, du marketing et de l'information à de petits exploitants afin ...

Recursos y enlaces sobre comunidades de aprendizaje

OpenAIRE

Ferrer Esteban, Gerard

2005-01-01

Obras y artículos sobre el proyecto Comunidades de Aprendizaje desarrollado en el Estado español. Tesis doctorales sobre comunidades de aprendizaje. Fundamentación teórica de las comunidades de aprendizaje. Sitios en Internet relacionados con las comunidades de aprendizaje y proyectos afines de desarrollo comunitario en contextos escolares.

L'ENSEIGNEMENT ET L'APPRENTISSAGE DU FRANÇAIS ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Prof

étude sur l'impacte des TIC dans l'enseignement et l'apprentissage du ... de démarchesprécisées par des outils afin d'arriver à un but précis qui est dans notre ..... Pour que les TIC soient des instruments efficaces dans le bon déroulement de.

Exigences réglementaires et recommandations concernant le traitement de l'eau vis-à-vis des agents pathogènes en entrée et en sortie d'écloseries conchylicoles

OpenAIRE

Bonvarlet, Florence

2011-01-01

Ce document présente les exigences réglementaires et recommandations relatives aux différents traitement de l'eau en entrée et en sortie d'écloseries conchylicoles. Afin de respecter cette réglementation des solutions, des méthodes de traitement y sont mentionnées.

Création d'emplois dans l'agriculture africaine | IDRC - International ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les chercheurs jetteront de la lumière sur les solutions possibles dans divers contextes politiques. Ils mobiliseront les intervenants clés dans le domaine des politiques afin de promouvoir l'utilisation des données de la recherche dans les programmes d'emploi productifs dans chacun des pays. Leadership du projet

Partenariat pour mettre les technologies de l'information et de la ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le Department for International Development (DFID) du Royaume-Uni a conclu un partenariat avec les responsables du domaine de programme Technologies de l'information et de la communication au service du développement (TIC-D) afin de soutenir les recherches visant à améliorer les moyens de subsistance et la ...

Local community perceptions of conservation policy: rights ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

tions have provoked a wide range of mostly negative reactions amongst local villagers ... conservation, afin notamment que ces actions soient efficaces. Cette étude se focalise .... since the 1980s, there has been a gradual move towards more in- .... getting as equal a representation of male and female informants as well as ...

Développement | Page 8 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'ONG s'associe à d'autres organismes afin de renforcer, à l'échelon communautaire, les capacités en matière de développement durable, au moyen de la ... Canada's Centre for International Governance Innovation and Indonesia's Centre for Strategic and International Studies organized the Indonesia-Canada Bilateral ...

Priapisme induit par la chlorpromazine: A propos de deux cas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

I. Marrag

2016-06-01

Le priapisme veineux est une urgence urologique. Il constitue un des effets secondaires des neuroleptiques parmi les quels la chlorpromazine. Cet effet iatrogène, qui est rare mais grave, doit être connu par les cliniciens afin d’être mieux prévenu pour éviter les séquelles érectiles.

Floristic diversity in bashemsin valley of kackar mountains national park of rize, turkey

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baykal, H.

2016-01-01

The floristical structure of Bashemsin and its environs as a protected and isolated area within Kackar Mountains National Park, situated in Rize, a province in the Blacksea region of Turkey, is studied. 1830 plant specimens were collected and 503 taxa were identified in 234 genera and 75 families. Sixteen Pteridophytes and 487 Spermatophytes were determined. Two of Spermatophytes are Gymnospermae while 485 of them are Angiospermae (98 Monocotyledones and 389 Dicotyledones). The richest families in taxa are Asteraceae, Poaceae, Brassicaceae, and Fabaceae (55 Asteraceae, 49 Poaceae, 28 Brassicaceae, and 27 Fabaceae). Phytogeographic elements are listed in order as: Euro-Siberian 247 (49.1%), Irano-Turanian 17 (3.4%), Mediterranean 6 (1.2%), multiregional-unknown phytogeographic root 233 (46.3%). Hemicryptophytes are the richest with 224 (44.5%) taxa and it is followed by cryptophytes 144 (28.6%), therophytes 53 (10.5%), chamaephytes 59 (11.7%), phanerophytes 19 (3.8%), vasicular parasites 2 (0.4%), nanophanerophytes/chamaephytes 1 (0.2%) and hydrophytes 1 (0.2%). 34 endemic taxa were determined (6.7%). 13 threatened taxa were detected in the research area and we determined that Sorbus caucasica Zinserl. var. yaltirikii Goksin population has fallen into CR endangered category with only 2 individuals in the study area. (author)

The retention and distribution of parent, alkylated, and N/O/S-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the epidermal tissue of mangrove seedlings.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Ruilong; Tan, Huadong; Zhu, Yaxian; Zhang, Yong

2017-07-01

The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) located on the epidermal tissues showed distinctive toxic effects to root, while the retention and distribution of PAHs on mangrove seedlings poorly understood. Our results confirmed that the partition coefficients (K f ) of the PAHs retained on the epidermal tissue of mangrove roots, such as Kandelia obovata, Avicennia marina and Aegiceras corniculatum, were much higher than the Poaceae plants roots, for example wheat and maize (Wild et al., 2005). Moreover, to the parent and alkyl PAHs, a well negative correlation was observed between the surface polarity of these three species of mangrove root and the K f values (p mangrove root epidermal tissues formed larger clusters than that of on Poaceae plants, such as wheat and maize (Wild et al., 2005) due to the limitation of the suberization of the root exodermis and endodermis. After exposure of 30 d, rhizo- and endophytic bacteria degraded parts of the N/O/S-containing PAHs to medium-lifetime fluorescence substances. To our knowledge, this is the first time to assess the retention of PAHs on the epidermal tissue of mangrove root, which will improve our understanding of the root uptake PAHs process. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Factors influencing seed germination in Cerrado grasses

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosana Marta Kolb

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Few studies address the ecology of herbs of Cerrado grasslands, which are ecosystems where the long dry season, high temperatures, insolation, fire and invasive grasses greatly influencing germination and the establishment of plants. We assessed germination of 13 species of Poaceae from Cerrado grasslands under nursery conditions or in germination chambers, the latter with i recently collected seeds and seeds after six months storage, ii under constant and alternating temperatures, and iii in the presence and absence of light. Germinability, mean germination time (MGT and required light were quantified to elucidate factors involved in successful germination. Germinability was low for most grasses, probably because of low seed viability. For most species, germinability and MGT were not altered by seed storage. Germination percentages were higher at alternating temperatures and in the presence of light, factors that are more similar to natural environmental situations compared with constant temperature or the absence of light. Our findings indicate that alternating temperatures and light incidence are key factors for germination of species of Poaceae. The maintenance of these environmental factors, which are crucial for the conservation of Cerrado grasslands, depends on appropriate management interventions, such as fire management and the control of biological invasion.

Pour lire le résumé complet, Stimuler les possibilités d'emploi pour ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

en matière de politiques doivent aller au-delà des efforts visant à garder les jeunes à ... qui facilitent le recrutement. Les sociétés du secteur de l' ... la Tanzanie devra se donner une stratégie claire afin d'améliorer ses résultats lamentables sur ...

Publications | Page 45 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le projet initié par l''ONG Initiatives pour un Développement durable (IDID) " Renforcement des connaissances économiques et de la capacité d''adaptation face aux changements climatiques au Bénin " (PRECAB) vise à améliorer la capacité d''adaptation et la résilience des communautés locales afin.

Publications | Page 46 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le projet initié par l''ONG Initiatives pour un Développement durable (IDID) " Renforcement des connaissances économiques et de la capacité d''adaptation face aux changements climatiques au Bénin " (PRECAB) vise à améliorer la capacité d''adaptation et la résilience des communautés locales afin.

L'effet thérapeutique de l'huile de lin « linum usitatissimum » sur l ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

client

l'hypertriglycéridémie et l'hypercholestérolémie chez des rats obèses âgés .... complétées par le test de Tukey afin de classer et comparer les moyennes deux a ..... HARRIS, Fish oils and plasma lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in humans: A ...

Résultats de recherche | Page 12 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Ce projet vise à consolider le leadership en matière d'écosanté à l'échelle municipale en Colombie et au Vénézuela afin d'aborder les priorités en santé, notamment les maladies à transmission vectorielle et les interventions sur les systèmes d'ali. Projet.

L'instauration d'un dialogue ouvert — le CRDI joue un rôle clé en ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

1 avr. 2011 ... Ils ont été en mesure de faciliter le dialogue entre les citoyens et les ... avec les professionnels de la santé à des efforts de dépistage et de suivi. ... de la coopération au développement ou encore du maintien de la paix, afin ...

Potentiel de production fourragère d'une zone pâturée menacée de ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SARAH

axe Port-Bouët - Grand-Bassam (Abidjan,. Côte d'Ivoire), afin de montrer le potentiel de production fourragère de la zone pâturée. Méthodologie et Résultats : L'étude a consisté à la détermination de la biomasse de la zone de ...

PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY: PERSPECTIVES FOR DEVELOPING ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

En rorganisant les ressources vgtales d'ADN, il sera possible d'amliorer la capacit de la terre de les porter. Des formes novatrices et vigoureuses de la collaboration entre les secteurs public et priv sont indispensables afin que les avantages de la biotechnologie moderne soient la porte de toute la population du monde ...

Approche socio-culturelle de l'epilepsie en Cote d'Ivoire | Boa Yapo ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Contexte En Afrique, l'épileptique est encore trop souvent stigmatisé, du fait de la méconnaissance de la maladie et des croyances surnaturelles ou mystiques. Objectif Analyser la connaissance et la perception de l'épilepsie par l'entourage proche des personnes épileptiques suivies en milieu hospitalier neurologique, afin ...

Rain-Induced Wash-Off of Chemical Warfare Agent (VX) from Foliar Surfaces of Living Plants Maintained in a Surety Hood

Science.gov (United States)

2016-09-01

RAIN-INDUCED WASH-OFF OF CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENT (VX) FROM FOLIAR SURFACES OF LIVING PLANTS MAINTAINED IN A...Final 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) May 2014 – Sep 2015 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Rain-Induced Wash-Off of Chemical Warfare Agent (VX) from Foliar...galli Foliage Chemical warfare agent (CWA) O-ethyl-S-(2

, TOUCHE PAS À MA TERRE, I ! ' C'EST MA VIE !

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

nouvelles lois afin d'assurer un plus grand contrôle sur leurs terres arables. C'est ... phénomène, du respect des réglementations locales de gestion foncière. ...... imposé dans la mesure où, l'Etat ayant octroyé les différents permis à. Newcrest ...

Impact Injury Caused by Linear Acceleration: Mechanisms, Prevention and Cost

Science.gov (United States)

1982-04-29

dejä decrites les blessures cerebrales, cräniennes ou cervicales . Les a tete seule, du cräne et du cerveau sont prelevees afin enomenes de masse...sujets pour lesquels le cerveau etait bien conserve et bien injecte. Ils sont au nombre de 20 en chocs frontaux et de 17 en chocs lateraux. Une

Expediente

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Editor de Seção Em Pauta

2010-05-01

Full Text Available

Water Quality Management Studies. Postimpoundment Study of R.E. ’Bob’ Woodruff Lake, Alabama River, Alabama.

Science.gov (United States)

1984-08-01

species richness and density. Such changes are easy to see if stresses are severe. However, subtle stresses can result in subtle changes in community...1976). This clogging of canals is possible because the channels are relatively narrow and the decumbent stems growing from I each side can- come into...CL.) Grisebach CE) Sacgittaria latifolia Willd. POACEAE CE) Fri,2n t hus giganteus (Walt.) Muhl. CFl-lv) Hydrochloa carotini’nsis Beauvois (E) Leersia

The influence of short-term cold stress on the metabolism of non-structural carbohydrates in polar grasses

OpenAIRE

Łopieńska-Biernat Elżbieta; Pastorczyk Marta; Giełwanowska Irena; Żółtowska Krystyna; Stryiński Robert; Zaobidna Ewa

2017-01-01

Plants adapt to extremely low temperatures in polar regions by maximizing their photosynthetic efficiency and accumulating cryoprotective and osmoprotective compounds. Flowering plants of the family Poaceae growing in the Arctic and in the Antarctic were investigated. Their responses to cold stress were analyzed under laboratory conditions. Samples were collected after 24 h and 48 h of cold treatment. Quantitative and qualitative changes of sugars are found among different species, but they c...

Vascular species composition of a contact zone between Seasonal and Araucaria forests in Guaraciaba, Far West of Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil

OpenAIRE

Gnigler, Luciana; Caddah, Mayara

2015-01-01

A floristic survey was carried out in a contact area between Araucaria Forest and Seasonal Forest areas, in the municipality of Guaraciaba, Far West of Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil. We provide a checklist containing 108 species and 42 plant families for the area. Families with the most encountered number of species were Myrtaceae (eight species), Solanaceae (eight), Euphorbiaceae (seven) and Poaceae (six). Two species are classified as endangered of extinction, following IUCN criteri...

Pushing the boundaries of resistance: insights from Brachypodium-rust interactions

OpenAIRE

Figueroa, Melania; Castell-Miller, Claudia V.; Li, Feng; Hulbert, Scot H.; Bradeen, James M.

2015-01-01

The implications of global population growth urge transformation of current food and bioenergy production systems to sustainability. Members of the family Poaceae are of particular importance both in food security and for their applications as biofuel substrates. For centuries, rust fungi have threatened the production of valuable crops such as wheat, barley, oat, and other small grains; similarly, biofuel crops can also be susceptible to these pathogens. Emerging rust pathogenic races with i...

A maize resistance gene functions against bacterial streak disease in rice

OpenAIRE

Zhao, Bingyu; Lin, Xinghua; Poland, Jesse; Trick, Harold; Leach, Jan; Hulbert, Scot

2005-01-01

Although cereal crops all belong to the grass family (Poacea), most of their diseases are specific to a particular species. Thus, a given cereal species is typically resistant to diseases of other grasses, and this nonhost resistance is generally stable. To determine the feasibility of transferring nonhost resistance genes (R genes) between distantly related grasses to control specific diseases, we identified a maize R gene that recognizes a rice pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, wh...

2398-IJBCS-Article-Ablaye Ngom

African Journals Online (AJOL)

admin

Révision du genre Digitaria Haller (Poaceae) au Sénégal : proposition d'une ... des espèces endémiques du Sénégal (Bâ et. Noba ..... A. Base de la plante. B. Noeud. C. Ligule. D. Inflorescence. E et F. Epillet en faces ... Figure 8 : Digitaria exilis. .... C2. Lemma inférieure. C3. Lemma supérieure. D. Epillet, vue de côté. D1.

Museu de Artes e Ofícios, Belo Horizonte: afinal, como nascem os museus?

OpenAIRE

2005-01-01

Responsável pela concepção do projeto do Museu de Artes e Ofícios de Belo Horizonte, o museólogo francês Pierre Catel discorre sobre sua experiência profissional, iniciada na década de 1970. Discute conceitos de museus, a evolução da formação neste campo multidisciplinar. Sobre o projeto de museu a ser montado no metrô da capital de Minas Gerais, ele diz que seu objetivo é promover o encontro entre a cultura das profissões e peças de uma coleção de arte popular brasileira com cerca de um milh...

Soutien organisationnel de la phase 2 de l'ITT : National Council of ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Au sujet du National Council of Applied Economic Research ... Le développement rural, le comportement des ménages, la croissance, ... Il reçoit un financement de l'Initiative Think tank (ITT). ... axer ses activités sur le capital humain, social, physique et financier afin de profiter des possibilités et de limiter les risques.

India | Page 5 | IDRC - International Development Research Centre

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Il existe encore des défis importants à relever afin de garantir que les populations les plus vulnérables, y compris les femmes, les enfants et les adolescents, puissent vivre en bonne santé et profiter du mieux-être promis dans les Objectifs de développement durable. Leurs mauvaises conditions de santé sont souvent ...

Développement : mettre les diasporas à contribution | IDRC ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

13 oct. 2010 ... On recherche un ou une physiothérapeute d'origine éthiopienne vivant au Canada et ayant acquis des connaissances spécialisées sur le plan universitaire et clinique afin d'offrir bénévolement une formation de trois à six semaines aux membres du corps professoral du tout premier programme ...

Multi-model for the control design and diagnosis of multi-sources ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Les équations analytiques de redondances sont introduites pour le diagnostic des systèmes électriques hybrides afin de détecter et d'isoler les défauts qui peuvent affecter les capteurs de courants et de tensions utilisés dans la commande de ces systèmes. This paper concerns multi-sources renewable energy systems.

Impact d'un module de formation à l'arbitrage sur l'implicaiton des bénévoles dans le volley-ball

OpenAIRE

Van Hoye, Martin; Roulin, Céline; Cloes, Marc

2014-01-01

En raison du manque de bénévoles dans les clubs de volley-ball, les clubs doivent trouver des solutions. Dans cette étude, nous avons proposé un module de formation à l'arbitrage afin d'impliquer des parents, des amis et des joueurs d'autres équipes dans la gestion de matches.

Améliorer les politiques d'emploi des jeunes en Afrique francophone ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Centre de recherches pour le développement international Gouvernement du ... des bureaux de placement afin d'aider les jeunes à intégrer le marché du travail. ... Croissance inclusive : une expression à la mode ou une notion innovante ? ... Miser sur la recherche pour améliorer l'accès à la justice partout dans le monde.

Réduction de la violence en Amérique centrale grâce à l'emploi des ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'accès à l'emploi, que ce soit sur le marché du travail officiel ou parallèle, est ... financée par le Centre de recherches pour le développement international, ... afin de réduire le risque qu'ils adoptent des modes de vie axés sur la violence.

Justice Project en Asie du Sud | IDRC - International Development ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le Justice Project réunit des documentaristes de renom, des chercheurs chevronnés et des praticiens afin de documenter l'état de la justice dans la région. Seront ... As countries in South Asia move toward greater economic integration, a range of interconnected challenges to constitutional and human rights guarantees are ...

Données probantes empiriques et promotion du leadership en ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le projet générera de nouvelles preuves et renforcera les capacités locales afin d'utiliser des techniques de pointe pour évaluer les programmes ciblant les groupes les plus vulnérables, y compris les femmes et les adolescentes, les travailleurs migrants et les personnes extrêmement pauvres (celles qui subsistent avec ...

Jeter de nouvelles bases pour le bien de la jeunesse dans les pays ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

16 mars 2015 ... Le CRDI dote les établissements locaux de moyens pour qu'ils puissent aider les pays de la région à répondre aux attentes grandissantes de leurs jeunes citoyens. Afin de mieux comprendre dans quelle mesure les bouleversements en Tunisie et en Égypte ont modifié la donne pour les entrepreneurs, ...

Communication des risques reliés aux changements climatiques en ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

1 janv. 2012 ... Il incombe bien sûr aux gouvernements locaux et nationaux de prendre les décisions relatives à l'adaptation aux changements climatiques; ils doivent toutefois les communiquer aux ménages, aux groupes communautaires et aux entreprises privées afin que ceux-ci prennent les décisions qui s'imposent ...

Etude preliminaire de la diversite genetique du bananier ( Musa spp ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Les bananes dessert et bananes plantain constituent une ressource alimentaire importante. Elles sont à la base de l'alimentation humaine dans la plupart des pays tropicaux de la planète. Cependant les différentes espèces de bananiers cultivées ne sont pas bien connues au Togo. Afin d'entreprendre des travaux pour les ...

Collecte de connaissances féministes en vue d'exercer une ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Collecte de connaissances féministes en vue d'exercer une influence sur les politiques publiques. Financée par le Programme des Nations Unies pour le développement (PNUD), l'initiative Casablanca rassemble des militantes et des universitaires du Sud, afin d'intégrer les connaissances des femmes à la question de la ...

Le cas du Brésil

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

pwust

important volet des activités de coopération du Brésil dans les pays en développement, ...... attention à l'Amérique latine ou aux Caraïbes, malgré la priorité accordée à .... prudente et sélective face aux opérations triangulaires, afin d'éviter la ...

Food Sovereignty and Uncultivated Biodiversity in South Asia ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

1 janv. 2007 ... In the food systems of South Asia, the margin between cultivated and ... and guides the reader into new territory, where food, ecology, and culture converge. ... Based on extensive field research in India and Bangladesh, with and by ... Le CRDI se joint au Forum économique mondial afin de présenter les ...

Argent mobile et développement local | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Ce projet consistera à étudier différentes applications financières mobiles afin de comprendre comment elles s'inscrivent dans le développement économique local. Les chercheurs élaboreront ensuite un modèle qui permettra aux décideurs et aux organismes de réglementation de saisir les possibles avantages et ...

Implementation of Family Life and HIV/AIDS Education in Nigerian ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Keywords: FLHE implementation, reproductive health, young people, youth corpers, sexual attitude. Résumé. Cette étude a utilisé des données provenant des groupes de discussion à cible et des entrevues en profondeur entre élèves et enseignants des écoles secondaires afin d'examiner la portée, l'actualisation et la ...

Si vis pacem, intellege bellum. Étudier la guerre pour préparer la défense

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Schmitt, Olivier

Cet article examine la manière dont les études sur la guerre et les études de défense interagissent, afin de comprendre comment ce dernier champ scientifique peut se nourrir du premier. Toute exploration du sujet nécessite tout d’abord de définir clairement l’éventail des recherches tombant sous ...

UbuntuNet Alliance : Consolidating Research and Education ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

13 août 2009 ... UbuntuNet Alliance was established in 2005 to address these issues and foster the development of national research and education networking (NREN) in ... politique (IREEP) est un organisme indépendant à but non lucratif établi en 2004 afin de contribuer à la formation de la prochaine génération d&.

Evaluation of South Africa's excise tax on sugar-sweetened beverages

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

The effective and continued implementation of this tax to achieve optimal health gains will thus hinge on whether or not its effect on consumption is monitored and its impact is demonstrable. ... Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous.

West African Platform for HIV Intervention Research (WAPHIR ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

West African Platform for HIV Intervention Research (WAPHIR) : plateforme de recherche interventionnelle en matière de VIH en Afrique de l'Ouest. Grâce à cette subvention, on appuiera l'établissement d'un partenariat dirigé par des Africains de l'Ouest, en collaboration avec des partenaires canadiens et européens, afin ...

Cap sur l'Ouest : les Prairies canadiennes, élément essentiel de la ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

1 mai 2014 ... Doté de 124 millions de dollars par le gouvernement du Canada, ce Fonds donne la possibilité à des chercheurs du Canada et de pays en développement de conjuguer leurs compétences afin de favoriser les innovations en agriculture et en nutrition, en particulier celles qui profitent aux petits exploitants ...

Choix de l\\'ondelette analysante et classification des signaux ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Dans le souci de répondre au choix délicat du type d\\'ondelette et de son ordre et afin de mettre plus en relief l\\'analyse des signaux PCG (normaux et pathologiques) en fonction de l\\'importance de leurs ... Choice of the analysing ondelette and classification of signals phonocardiogram s according to the added murmurs

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Perception of HIV/AIDS among the Igbo of Anambra State, Nigeria ... dans le but de mettre en place des programmes d'intervention efficace afin de minimiser ... On se rend compte que la majorité des sondés conside`rent le VIH/SIDA comme une maladie des ..... health workers) ignoring the link between human action and.

75 caracteristiques et evolution des operations de fusions

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Elles apparaissent enfin comme un moyen à la disposition des entreprises de grande taille afin de se développer en acquérant des PME. Mots clés : Fusions & Acquisitions, Tunisie, Industrie, Commerce. Classification JEL : L26, G34. *. Chercheur associé au CEPN, Université Paris 13, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité,. France.

Mesure magnétique du sextupôle rotatif no.1-2083

CERN Document Server

Chritin, R; Patron, G; CERN. Geneva. SPS and LEP Division

1998-01-01

Lorsque cet aimant nous a été livré afin d'être soumis à un certain nombre de mesures, ses caractéristiques connues se limitaient à celles situées dans l'annexe 1. Il correspond à des sextupôles, INT 2170254 AB L orientables récupérés de l'ancienn

1225-IJBCS-Article-Prof Agbohessi Prudencio

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Dr GATSING

avec ont été développées pour mesurer les impacts de ... Afin d'apprécier la performance économique de la ..... qui échappent à tout contrôle et les produits désuets mal .... gestion des ravageurs qui puisse préserver leur santé, celle de leurs ...

Mesures en matière de taxation des produits du tabac en Afrique de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Mesures en matière de taxation des produits du tabac en Afrique de l'Ouest. En décembre 2007, le programme Recherche pour la lutte mondiale contre le tabac (RMCT) a entrepris une initiative afin de comprendre les facteurs cruciaux qui peuvent déterminer le succès de la lutte antitabac en Afrique subsaharienne.

Intelligence artificielle, et si rien n’était déterminé ?

OpenAIRE

Macq, Hadrien; Delvenne, Pierre

2017-01-01

A travers cette carte blanche, nous tentons de prendre du recul face à la perspective erronée d'un déterminisme technologique, exercice nécessaire selon nous afin d'injecter dans les débats relatifs au développement de l'intelligence artificielle les dimensions éthiques, morales et politiques dont ils manquent cruellement.

An experimental analysis of fracture mechanisms by acoustic ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Afin d'analyser le comportement mécanique globale de l'assemblage, des essais de traction .... named as Groups A, B and C (Tab. 5). Table.1: Mechanical properties of epoxy matrix Vicotex 914. Table.2: Mechanical properties of fibers T300. Young. 's modul us. E. Poisson's ratio. Ν shear modulus. G. Tensile strength yield.

Ecohealth Chair on Human and Animal Health in Protected ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

This project will help establish an Ecohealth Chair in Human and Animal Health in Protected Ecosystems to improve the sustainability of conservation areas and the health of local ... Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau ...

: tous les projets | Page 627 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Projet. Ces dernières années, les Libanais ont changé peu à peu leurs habitudes alimentaires traditionnelles afin de privilégier une alimentation occidentalisée, moins saine et moins diversifiée. Date de début : 22 mars 2009. End Date: 25 mars 2013. Sujet: RURAL AREAS, FOOD CROPS, FOOD POLICY, MALNUTRITION, ...

Gestion du Centre | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le Comité de gestion du Centre (CGC) est composé des membres de la haute direction du CRDI, notamment les directeurs de nos quatre bureaux régionaux et de nos principaux secteurs de programme. Le CGC travaille en collaboration avec le président afin de soutenir la recherche pour le développement, lui fournissant ...

Composição florística e espectro biológico na Estação Ecológica de Santa Bárbara, estado de São Paulo, Brasil Floristic composition and biological spectra in Santa Barbara Ecological Station, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

João Augusto Alves Meira Neto

2007-10-01

Full Text Available O conhecimento da flora herbáceo-subarbustiva, juntamente com o da flora lenhosa, auxilia a determinação dos padrões florísticos e permite descrever o espectro biológico com conseqüentes inferências sobre a atua��ão de fatores ambientais e históricos na vegetação. Considerando que poucos trabalhos se aprofundaram no estudo da flora herbáceo-subarbustiva de Cerrado, embora esta seja mais rica que a lenhosa, objetivou-se estudar a composição e os padrões florísticos das floras herbáceo-subarbustiva e lenhosa da Estação Ecológica de Santa Bárbara (EESB (22º 46' 30'' a 22º 50' 30''S e 49º 10' 30'' a 49º15'30'' W , 600 a 680 m de altitude, Município de Águas de Santa Bárbara, Estado de São Paulo. Visou-se, ainda, determinar o espectro biológico para efetuar análises comparativas das diferentes fitofisionomias de Cerrado dessa Unidade de Conservação. Foram encontradas 314 espécies na EESB, sendo 285 em Cerrado sensu lato. As famílias mais ricas em número de espécies foram Asteraceae, Leguminosae, Myrtaceae e Poaceae. Há uma constante ocorrência de Asteraceae, Leguminosae e Poaceae entre as famílias mais ricas, concordando com o observado nos estudos florísticos de Cerrado que incluíram os estratos lenhoso e herbáceo-subarbustivo. O espectro biológico corroborou os padrões anteriormente descritos para o Cerrado sensu lato, exceto pela maior expressão de caméfitas em relação às hemicriptófitas nas fisionomias campestres da EESB, o que pode ser efeito da proteção ao fogo nessa Unidade de Conservação.Only few surveys were carried out on woody and ground layer floras of the Brazilian Cerrado. The objective of this survey was to investigate richness, floristic patterns and biological spectra of different phytophysiognomies on both strata at Santa Bárbara Ecological Station (EESB. EESB is located in the Municipality of Águas de Santa Bárbara, São Paulo State, Brazil (22º 46' 30'' to 22º 50' 30

Macrófitas aquáticas de ilhas flutuantes (baceiros nas sub-regiões do Abobral e Miranda, Pantanal, MS, Brasil Aquatic macrophytes of floating mats (" baceiros" in the Abobral and Miranda Pantanal Wetlands, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marco Otávio Pivari

2008-06-01

Full Text Available A associação entre as formas biológicas flutuante e epífita, relacionadas a macrófitas aquáticas, constitui o que se chama genericamente de ilha flutuante. Esta denominação é aplicada ao estabelecimento de uma ou mais epífitas sobre indivíduos vivos de espécies flutuantes, como sinônimo de camalotal ou, ainda, para se referir à vegetação flutuante que se desenvolve sobre um solo orgânico em decomposição (histossolo. Realizou-se o levantamento das espécies presentes em cinco baceiros nas sub-regiões pantaneiras do Abobral e Miranda e o estabelecimento das similaridades florísticas entre estes, a fim de evidenciar aspectos da dinâmica sucessional de ilhas flutuantes. Foram encontradas 66 espécies de macrófitas aquáticas epífitas, distribuídas em 27 famílias, sendo Cyperaceae e Poaceae as mais representativas. O número de espécies por baceiro variou de 7 a 39, sendo os táxons comuns a todos esses Ludwigia leptocarpa (Nutt. H. Hara e Oxycaryum cubense (Poepp. & Kunth Palla, ao nível específico, e Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Onagraceae, Poaceae e Polygonaceae, com relação às famílias. Outras formas biológicas, além da epífita, foram encontradas associadas aos baceiros, ou ainda, se mostraram adaptadas às condições do histossolo, podendo ser consideradas " epífitas casuais" . Baceiros em estágios sucessionais mais próximos apresentam maior similaridade florística e, no geral, quanto mais avançada a sucessão natural, maior a riqueza específica.The association between floating and epiphytic biological forms, regarding aquatic macrophytes, creates what are called floating mats. This concept refers to the establishment of one or more epiphytes on live individuals of floating species, as a synonym of " camalotal," or applied to floating vegetation that grows on organic soil in decomposition (histosol. A checklist of species was made of five floating mats in the Abobral and Miranda Pantanal Wetlands and

Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers (Poaceae) root extract induces apoptotic ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

has also been used for the treatment of weak vision, urinary tract infection, .... with an alternating 12 h dark/light cycle in ... detected by Western blot analysis as described previously .... the cyclin signaling pathways, induced apoptotic cell death ...

Genomic homeology between Pennisetum purpureum and Pennisetum glaucum (Poaceae

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Gabriela Barreto dos Reis

2014-08-01

Full Text Available The genus Pennisetum (Richard, 1805 includes two economically important tropical forage plants: Pennisetum purpureum (Schumacher, 1827 (elephant grass, with 2n = 4x = 28 chromosomes and genomes A'A'BB, and Pennisetum glaucum (Linnaeus, 1753 (pearl millet, with 2n = 2x = 14 chromosomes and genomes AA. The genetic proximity between them allows obtaining hybrids (2n = 3x = 21 that yield forage of higher quality in relation to the parents. The study of genomic relationships provides subsidies for the knowledge about phylogenetic relations and evolution, and is useful in breeding programs seeking gene introgression. Concerning elephant grass and pearl millet, the homeology between the genomes A and A', and between these and the genome B, has been reported by conventional cytogenetic techniques. The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the degree of homeology between these genomes by means of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH. The results confirmed the homeology between the genomes A of pearl millet and A'B of elephant grass, and showed that there are differences in the distribution and proportion of homologous regions after hybridization. Discussion regarding the evolutionary origin of P. purpureum and P. glaucum was also included.

7 CFR 201.56-5 - Grass family, Poaceae (Gramineae).

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Germination Tests in the Administration of the Act § 201.56-5 Grass.... During germination the scutellum remains inside the seed to absorb nutrients from the endosperm and... with the endosperm. During germination the scutellum remains inside the seed to absorb nutrients from...

Palynological studies in tribe Chlorideae (Poaceae) from salt range ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Jane

2011-08-15

Aug 15, 2011 ... To determine pollen fertility, acetocarmine and glycerin jelly was used by the modified techniques used by Khan and Stace (1999). Anthers were squashed .... World. Kew bulletin additional series 13, Royal Botanic gardens,. Kew. p. 389. Edeoga HO, Okoli BE (1996). Apomictic behaviour in Costus after C.

What is Cynodon radiatus Roth ex R. & S. (Poaceae)?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Nowack, R.

1992-01-01

Roemer and Schultes (1817) described Cynodon radiatus, basing themselves on a manuscript by A.W. Roth, copying Roth's brief diagnosis and comment. It was compared to Cynodon dactylon, differing by its larger habit, the number and direction of the spikes, and the glabrous blades and sheaths. This was

Novedades nomenclaturales en Cenchrus s.l. (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae)

OpenAIRE

Gutiérrez, Hugo F; Morrone, Osvaldo

2012-01-01

Recientes estudios filogenéticos con datos morfológicos y moleculares aportaron evidencia sobre la monofilia de los géneros Cenchrus, Pennisetum y Odontelytrum y, por ello, se propuso su unificación y transferencia a Cenchrus, el cual tiene prioridad. Resultados preliminares de la revisión taxonómica del género Cenchrus s.l. para América (Gutiérrez, en preparación) permitieron detectar problemas nomenclaturales. Para resolver dichos inconvenientes, en el presente trabajo se presentan nueve le...

The Mediterranean: the cradle of Anthoxanthum (Poaceae) diploid diversity

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Chumová, Zuzana; Záveská, E.; Mandáková, T.; Krak, Karol; Trávníček, Pavel

2017-01-01

Roč. 120, č. 2 (2017), s. 285-302 ISSN 0305-7364 Institutional support: RVO:67985939 Keywords : Antoxanthum * rDNA FISH * incomplete lineage sorting Subject RIV: EF - Botanics OBOR OECD: Plant sciences, botany Impact factor: 4.041, year: 2016

L'activité de butinage des Apoides sauvages (Hymenoptera Apoidea sur les fleurs de maïs à Yaounde (Cameroon et réflexions sur la pollinisation des graminées tropicales

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Tchuenguem-Fohouo F.N.

2002-01-01

Full Text Available The gatering activity of wild bees (Hymenoptera Apoidea on flowers of maize at Yaound (Cameroon and further considerations on pollination of the tropical Gramineae. At Nkolbisson (Yaounde, Cameroon, in May 1991, flowers of maize (Zea mays L; Poaceae were observed for the study of pollen gathering by five different species of wild bees: one Apidae Meliponinae (Dactylurina staudingeri and four Halictidae Nomiinae (Lipotriches andrei, Lipotriches langi, Lipotriches notabilis and Leuconomia granulata. Each of these Apoidea is well attracted by pollen of maize. The larger number of bees foraging at the same time on a panicle varies from one with Dactylurina staudingeri to four with Lipotriches andrei and Lipotriches notabilis. Generally, bees forage maize during the whole day and during the full flowering period but visits are more numerous in the morning and during the period of intense flowering. Median duration of a visit on a male spikelet varies from 1 sec with Dactylurina staudingeri to 7 sec with Lipotriches andrei. These Apoidea have an elaborated behaviour when gathering pollen of maize. Dactylurina staudingeri however seems less adapted to the floral morphology of Poaceae comparing with Lipotriches. When foraging maize, all these bees are regular visitors to flowers of this plant, even in the presence of other flower species in the vicinity of the crop. Bees studied have a positive impact on the yield of grains due to a complementary action with the well known one of the wind. The influence is indirect as the bees are seldom visiting the stigmates. The explanation is that when the bees are very common on the panicles they shake the anthers, inducing the release of pollen grains in the atmosphere even in the days without wind. The part of wild bees in the increase of yields is estimated to 3/ while the one of the domestic bees (Apis mellifera is estimated to 21/ in that locality. The authors are reviewing existing literature on grass crop

USE OF ELEUSINE INDICA (L. GAERTN. (KECHILA GHAS AS AN ANTIPYRETIC MEDICINE OF HERBIVORES

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Shibabrata Pattanayak

2017-06-01

Full Text Available In Murshidabad district of West Bengal state, India, the traditionally animal rearing people feed parts of Kechila ghas as an antipyretic medicine to their herbivorous animals. The plant is identified as Eleusine indica (L. Gaertn. of the family Poaceae. After collection from the soil, the plants are washed and the whole root along with 1-2 centimeter of stems are cut and fed directly at fresh, succulent stage to the ailing animals for that purpose.

Phytochemical profile of sugarcane and its potential health aspects

OpenAIRE

Singh, Amandeep; Lal, Uma Ranjan; Mukhtar, Hayat Muhammad; Singh, Prabh Simran; Shah, Gagan; Dhawan, Ravi Kumar

2015-01-01

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum Linn.) is an important perennial grass of Poaceae family, indigenous to tropical South Asia and Southeast Asia. It is cultivated worldwide due to the economical and medicinal value of its high yielding products. Sugarcane juice is well known as a raw material for the production of refined sugar and its wax is considered as a potential substitute for the expensive carnauba wax, which is of cosmetic and pharmaceutical interest. Refined sugar is the primary produ...

Living life the natural way – Wheatgrass and Health

OpenAIRE

Jaspreet Kaur Kamboj; Satyavati Rana; Vandana Gandhi

2011-01-01

Abstract:The Human diet is enriched with young parts of plants (so called ―green foods‖), which can improve nutrient balance intake in natural way. Wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum) refers to young grass of the common wheat plant, which belongs to Poaceae family. This is the most commonly found herb in India, although its nativity is currently unknown. This plant is believed to have many nutritional values; it has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, immunomodul...

Emergence of a New Population of Rathayibacter toxicus: An Ecologically Complex, Geographically Isolated Bacterium

OpenAIRE

Arif, Mohammad; Busot, Grethel Y.; Mann, Rachel; Rodoni, Brendan; Liu, Sanzhen; Stack, James P.

2016-01-01

Rathayibacter toxicus is a gram-positive bacterium that infects the floral parts of several Poaceae species in Australia. Bacterial ooze is often produced on the surface of infected plants and bacterial galls are produced in place of seed. R. toxicus is a regulated plant pathogen in the U.S. yet reliable detection and diagnostic tools are lacking. To better understand this geographically-isolated plant pathogen, genetic variation as a function of geographic location, host species, and date of...

Ecosystem Management: Synthesis and Findings

Science.gov (United States)

2009-04-29

Imperata cylindrica, in the United States. Weed Technology 7:1005-1009. Faircloth, W.H. M.G. Patterson, J.H. Miller, and D.H. Teem. 2005. Wanted dead or...S.E., and J.B. Grace. 2000. The Effects of Gap Size and Disturbance Type on Invasion of wet pine savanna by Cogongrass, Imperata cylindrica (Poaceae...American Journal of Botany, Vol. 87, No. 9. (Sep., 2000), pp. 1279-1286. Lippincott, C.L. 2000. Effects of Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv

Prise en charge et surveillance d'une exostose solitaire du fémur ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

L'exostose solitaire est une affection bénigne touchant l'enfant et les adultes. Son diagnostic est clinique, aidé par les examens radiologiques. Le traitement est chirurgical et consiste en son exérèse afin d'éviter les complications de compression vasculaire, ou de dégénérescence sarcomateuse. Nous rapportons ici le cas ...

Analyses situationnelles sur le tabagisme en Afrique | CRDI - Centre ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Grâce à cette subvention, le programme Recherche pour la lutte mondiale contre le tabac (RMCT) du CRDI s'associera à la Fondation Bill et Melinda Gates afin de comprendre les facteurs déterminants du succès de la lutte antitabac en Afrique. L'initiative consistera en l'exécution d'analyses situationnelles visant à évaluer ...

Etude physico-chimique et minéralogique comparative des ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

La valorisation des ressources locales constitue un impératif afin d'atteindre des objectifs de développement durable. Cette étude a consisté à évaluer les caractéristiques physiques, chimiques et minéralogiques d'une argile provenant de Mbodiène (Sénégal), l'attapulgite, comparativement avec un médicament ...

Concepteur de matériel pédagogique et rédacteur technique (h/f ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le titulaire veille à ce que ce contenu fasse mieux connaître les services et les outils de GI-TI, y compris les changements récents. Il se tient au courant des changements survenus dans le domaine et entretient des relations avec la communauté locale et virtuelle de l'apprentissage et de la rédaction technique afin de ...

Renforcer les capacités de recherche sur les politiques au Myanmar ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

En 2017, le CRDI et Affaires mondiales Canada ont lancé une nouvelle initiative, Le savoir au service de la démocratie au Myanmar (K4DM), afin de soutenir la démocratisation dans ce pays. Cette initiative vise à encourager un dialogue constructif dans le cadre de la transition démocratique et à promouvoir une ...

Justice Project en Asie du Sud | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le Justice Project réunit des documentaristes de renom, des chercheurs chevronnés et des praticiens afin de documenter l'état de la justice dans la région. Seront produits, au Bangladesh, au Népal, au Pakistan, au Sri Lanka et en Inde, des documents de recherche et cinq films qui exploreront les thèmes suivants : les ...

Soutien organisationnel de la phase 2 de l'ITT : National Council of ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le développement rural, le comportement des ménages, la croissance, le commerce ... Il reçoit un financement de l'Initiative Think tank (ITT). ... axer ses activités sur le capital humain, social, physique et financier afin de profiter des ... offert par le gouvernement pour la recherche en sciences sociales est limité, et se réduit.

La technologie mobile détecte et prévient les flambées épidémiques ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

2 mai 2016 ... Les vétérinaires de terrain qui disposent de ressources limitées utilisent ... la maladie chez les animaux afin de réduire le degré d'exposition des humains. ... Les conclusions ont également encouragé le gouvernement national à ... des approches novatrices favorables à la santé et au développement.

EXPOSÉ DE POLITIQUE DU PROGRAMME ACCA

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

afin qu'elle soit plus accessible aux utilisateurs que les prévisions saisonnières nationales brutes. Ces plateformes ont resserré la communication entre des acteurs de la chaîne de l'information qui n'ont pas l'habitude de travailler ensemble. Ce processus collaboratif sur l'information climatique saisonnière a eu pour effet ...

Programme d'immersion du Sustainable Development Policy ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Grâce à cette subvention, le Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SPDI) sera en mesure de former un groupe de diplômés et de jeunes professionnels afin qu'ils puissent réaliser des recherches en sciences sociales au Pakistan et en Asie du Sud. Le programme comportera un volet théorique et des travaux pratiques ...

1333-IJBCS-Article-Aliou Guisse

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

caractériser la zone des Niayes sur le plan pédologique afin de diagnostiquer les processus de dégradation des sols et d'apporter des informations nécessaires pour la reconstitution et la gestion durable des ressources naturelles de cette région. MATERIEL ET METHODES. La zone d'étude. Située le long du littoral nord.

Separated and Divorced Women in India : Economic Rights and ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

14 mars 2013 ... La loi n'accorde à la femme le droit à aucune propriété et à aucun bien acquis au cours de l'union maritale. Separated and Divorced Women in India recommande des changements aux lois indiennes afin que soient reconnus la communauté de biens, la nature du travail productif et le droit de recouvrer la ...

Un think tank de l'Amérique latine contribue à rationaliser les ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

23 mai 2012 ... Mme Peixoto explique que, partout dans la région, le LATN a ouvert les débats sur des questions économiques pointues au grand public afin de s'éloigner des dogmes rigides propres aux jeux à somme nulle. Le réseau a également revu sa mission. Ses chercheurs sont non seulement des producteurs de ...

Evaluation des complications cardiaques chez les hémodialysés ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction: L'évaluation cardiovasculaire est essentielle en hémodialyse périodique car les affections cardiovasculaires sont la première cause de mortalité chez les hémodialysés chroniques. Nous avons conduit cette étude afin de déterminer la prévalence et le type des différentes complications cardiovasculaires et ...

Récupérer l'espoir | IDRC - International Development Research ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

14 oct. 2010 ... En octobre 2007, André Casault, professeur d'architecture à l'Université Laval, a invité deux collègues et une douzaine d'étudiants des cycles supérieurs à le rejoindre dans une banlieue pauvre de Dakar, la capitale du Sénégal, afin de mener une expérience d'aménagement urbain.

Spécialiste de programme principal, Évaluation (h/f) | CRDI - Centre ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Il recommande les méthodes, outils et processus d'évaluation et d'autoévaluation appropriés et en facilite la conception et l'utilisation par le personnel et la direction des programmes afin d'appuyer leur utilisation de l'évaluation pour éclairer la conception de projets et de programmes, améliorer les pratiques de gestion, ...

Un modèle à évènements pour étudier la flexibilité opérationnelle d ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

La gestion des ateliers de production recherche le meilleur compromis entre les impératifs commerciaux, financiers et industriels. L'objectif de cet article est la caractérisation et la modélisation des leviers de flexibilité d'un atelier de production à cheminement unique (« flow shop »), afin d'assurer la flexibilité opérationnelle ...

Bulletin #118 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le développement ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Afin de célébrer la Journée mondiale de la santé, en partenariat avec Affaires mondiales Canada et les Instituts de recherche en santé du Canada, nous avons annoncé neuf nouvelles subventions qui permettront de combler les besoins en matière de planification familiale, de soutien aux mères adolescentes et de ...

Initiative internationale des chaires de recherche | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Initiative de recherche de sept ans dotée d'un budget de 8 millions de dollars canadiens. L'Initiative internationale des chaires de recherche a pour but de jumeler d'éminents chercheurs d'universités du Canada avec des homologues de pays en développement afin de relever quelques-uns des plus grands défis auxquels ...

Outils de recherche | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Nos documents de formation et guides aident à perfectionner les compétences et les connaissances afin d'améliorer la qualité de la recherche au service du développement. Nous offrons également un accès gratuit à notre base de données sur les projets de recherche que nous subventionnons, IDRIS+, et à notre ...

1560-IJBCS-Article-Fiobe Emile Didier

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

La présente étude a été conduite pour apprécier le niveau de pollution des eaux du collecteur de. Dantokpa (Cotonou-Bénin) par l'évaluation de la diversité phytoplanctonique en relation avec les caractéristiques physico-chimiques afin de faire ressortir le risque de leur rejet sans traitement dans la lagune de Cotonou.

Etude comparee de l'efficacite de trois methodes de prévention des ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

L'élevage de la pintade se heurte à de nombreuses contraintes touchant principalement la santé des pintadeaux. Des mortalités des pintadeaux et des pintades sont fréquemment enregistrées dans les élevages. Afin de proposer une ou des méthodes de lutte efficaces, cette étude conduite au nord Togo a eu comme ...

La réhabilitation des terres arides de Baringo au Kenya | CRDI ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

9 févr. 2011 ... Lorsque le personnel de la fiducie de bienfaisance Rehabilitation of Arid Environments (RAE) a entendu parler d'un taureau qui mangeait des cactus, il l'a acheté pour l'amener dans le district afin qu'il montre aux bovins affamés comment eux aussi pouvaient se nourrir de ces plantes grasses, une fois que ...

India | Page 90 | IDRC - International Development Research Centre

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Une série d'exposés de politique, fondés sur des recherches effectuées par le Centre for Urban Equity de la Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology University (CEPT University), en Inde, contient des recommandations tangibles afin d'améliorer les conditions de vie de centaines de milliers de résidents ...

Économies inclusives | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Pour faire face à ces problèmes et se préparer au prochain cycle de planification, la plus grande agence de planification économique de la Chine a invité la Banque asiatique de développement (BAD) à entreprendre des recherches afin d'éclairer le plan quinquennal 2016-2020 du pays. Read more about Chine : un ...

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AJRH Managing Editor

African Journal of Reproductive Health September 2012; 16(3): 27. ORIGINAL ... Afin d'améliorer la survie des mères et des enfants et d'identifier les défis majeurs en vue d'augmenter les services ... The HIV epidemic has had a devastating effect on children and ... transmission appears to be exposure to infected blood and ...

Réduction de la consommation de sel dans l'ensemble de la ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

tante cause d'hypertension, laquelle augmente les risques de maladies cardiovasculaires, renales et de décès. Des ini- tiatives nationales visant à réduire la consommation de sel peuvent améliorer la tension artérielle au niveau de l'ensem- ble de la population. Cependant, plusieurs défis subsistent afin de réduire la ...

2207-IJBCS-Article-Tankari Dandjo

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

métalliques (ETM) des eaux de Komabangou afin de prévoir les risques environnementaux et sanitaires liés à ... Bien que le niveau des activités industrielles soit .... L'exploitation par cyanuration est effectuée dans des stations qui ont fait l'objet d'une autorisation administrative (permis d'exploitation) auprès des autorités.

ÉTUDE DE CAS : L'enfant vu dans sa globalité | IDRC - International ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

12 janv. 2011 ... Les graphiques incitent le praticien à adopter une approche « syndromique » de la classification des problèmes de santé des jeunes patients -- afin de prendre en compte l'enfant dans sa globalité plutôt que d'essayer de ne cerner qu'une seule cause. Cette approche est spécialement utile dans des pays ...

Documents de travail 2 : Améliorer l'expérience migratoire : pour ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Cette analyse s'appuie sur des exemples et des données empiriques sur les mouvements migratoires intrarégionaux en Asie du Sud et du Sud‑Est. Le présent document vise donc à analyser l'organisation politique des travailleurs migrants par l'entremise de l'ensemble des structures en place afin d'évaluer les différences ...

Détermination des facteurs de sécrétion des muqueuses influant sur ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Il est crucial de comprendre les facteurs complexes pouvant mener à l'infection par le VIH afin de s'attaquer au problème chez les populations vulnérables, telles que les travailleuses du sexe. En 2010, l'Initiative de recherche en santé mondiale a accordé une subvention de 1,8 million de dollars à la Kenya AIDS Vaccine ...

Possibilité de financement pour l'égalité des sexes et le changement ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

8 mars 2018 ... Le CRDI est heureux d'annoncer une nouvelle occasion de financement qui vise à favoriser des mesures de lutte contre les changements climatiques efficaces et à long terme, afin de réduire les inégalités sociales, de promouvoir une plus grande égalité entre les sexes, et d'autonomiser les femmes et les ...

Mesurer le droit de participer à la vie culturelle: le développement des indicateurs

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Donders, Y.; Bouchard, J.; Gandolfi, S.; Meyer-Bisch, P.

2013-01-01

Dans les domaines des droits de l'homme, de la culture et du développement, des cadres et mécanismes sont développés afin de mesurer et de qualifier les relations entre ces domaines et leur impact sur la vie des individus en des communautés. Les indicateurs constituent un élément important de ces

Salient Mainstream and Hispanic Values in a Navy Training Environment: An Anthropological Description.

Science.gov (United States)

1982-08-01

nature of personal relationships , over the neutral or depersonalized organizational contacts. They felt that other individuals were more readily...be more in consonance with Anglo/mainstream interactive behavior; it places less im- portance on consanguineally or afinally ascribed connections, and...Triandis notes that values are "conceptions of relationships among abstract categories (e.g., humans, nature, time) which have strong affective components

ÉTUDE DE CAS — Chili : Santé, environnement et culture autochtone

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

7 janv. 2011 ... Au Chili, des chercheurs et des organisations mapuches, parrainés par le Centre de recherches pour le développement international (CRDI), travaillent en collaboration afin de mieux gérer l'environnement local et d'améliorer la santé de la collectivité. Ce faisant, ils ont conçu une approche novatrice du ...

A Framework of Factors Influencing ANSA Decision Making (Structure des Facteurs Agissant sur le Processus Decisionel des Acteurs Armes non Etatiques)

Science.gov (United States)

2010-12-01

Contractor was tasked to systematically identify and critically assess scientific literature of relevance to elaborating a theory of ANSA strategic decision...processus décisionnel des AANE et permettra de déterminer quand et comment intervenir afin d’arriver à des résultats plus positifs. Les auteurs ont fait...Jackson 2009) .................................... 13 List of tables Table 1 Theories of decision making

Initiative de recherche sur la dimension économique de la lutte ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les politiques fiscales (surtout la fiscalité) antitabac ont été largement reconnues comme les mesures les plus efficaces afin de réduire la consommation de tabac et de prévenir les maladies connexes. Elles ont également pour effet de diminuer la pauvreté des ménages et d'augmenter les recettes nationales. Toutefois, la ...

Nouvel institut de recherche au Liban pour répondre aux priorités en ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

3 oct. 2017 ... L'Université américaine de Beyrouth (AUB) a annoncé la création d'un institut de la santé mondiale (The Global Health Institute) afin d'offrir une plateforme régionale à la recherche interdisciplinaire et au renforcement des capacités en santé mondiale. D'importantes crises humanitaires changent la nature ...

Bourse de recherche : Agriculture et sécurité alimentaire | CRDI ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

6 sept. 2017 ... Le programme Agriculture et sécurité alimentaire (ASA) a pour objet de financer des recherches ouvrant de nouvelles perspectives pour une agriculture plus équitable et plus productive, afin d'accroître la sécurité alimentaire et la sécurité du revenu dans les pays en développement. Les recherches ...

La promotion du leadership en matière d'élaboration de politiques ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

La promotion du leadership en matière d'élaboration de politiques économiques dans les États fragiles et dans les États d'après-conflit en Afrique. Ce projet fournit un financement de trois ans au Consortium pour la recherche économique en Afrique (AERC) afin de renforcer la capacité de recherche et d'analyse des ...

Zaman Talukder : L'autonomisation des femmes au moyen de la ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

27 mars 2015 ... ... household food security and nutrition in Cambodia » (renforcer la production alimentaire de subsistance afin d'améliorer la sécurité alimentaire des ménages et la nutrition au Cambodge). Le projet est financé par le CRDI et le gouvernement du Canada par l'entremise d'affaires étrangères, Commerce et ...

Etude de la qualité physico-chimique de l'eau de boisson dans deux ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

L'eau, source potentielle de vie, doit subir diverses analyses physico-chimiques qui définiront sa qualité pour la consommation humaine afin d'éviter les risques de maladies hydriques pour les consommateurs. La présente étude vise à déterminer la qualité physico-chimique de l'eau de boisson des populations de deux ...

Adaptation aux changements climatiques grâce à une gestion ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Cette équipe évaluera les problèmes de disponibilité de l'eau et de gestion du bassin versant dans le bassin du Tensift, notamment sur les plans biophysique, écologique, climatique et socio-économique. Elle utilisera des modèles pour estimer les futurs schémas d'utilisation des ressources hydriques afin de déterminer ...

447 157 45 89 %

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Selon la prémisse de la recherche-action participative que nous avons financée, toute connaissance utile découle ... auprès des utilisateurs, le programme a financé des efforts supplémentaires de renforcement des capacités et de ... des retombées du programme. AfricaAdapt. Le programme ACCA finance AfricaAdapt afin.

La maîtrise des sciences de l'environnement au Moyen-Orient ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

17 janv. 2011 ... En outre, Peter Johnson, ancien professeur de géographie à l'Université Carleton, aujourd'hui retraité, a consulté plusieurs personnes qui connaissent bien et la Jordanie et le Canada afin de tracer les grandes lignes du programme de maîtrise destiné à l'Université du Yarmouk. Ouvrir les portes aux ...

La cardiomyopathie dilatee au centre hospitalier Universitaire ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

But : Afin d'améliorer la prise en charge, d'éviter l'évolution rapide vers une insuffisance cardiaque réfractaire au traitement, nous avons entrepris cette étude en milieu hospitalier. Méthode : il s'est agi d'une étude rétrospective et descriptive dans le service de cardiologie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tokoin de Lomé.

Le CRDI au Kenya

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

afin d'y favoriser la croissance et le développement. Il en résulte des solutions novatrices et durables qui ont pour but d'améliorer les conditions de vie et les moyens de subsistance. Centre de recherches pour le développement international. CP 8500, Ottawa (Ontario) Canada K1G 3H9. Pour en savoir plus, consulter.

Le CRDI en Égypte

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

afin d'y favoriser la croissance et le développement. Il en résulte des solutions locales, novatrices et durables, qui offrent des choix aux personnes qui en ont le plus besoin et font changer les choses. Centre de recherches pour le développement international. CP 8500, Ottawa (Ontario) Canada K1G 3H9. 1012 alexandrie.

Exigence de déclaration de revenus canadiens PROTÉGÉ

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

test

marchés comportant tout un éventail de biens et services) doivent être déclarés sur le feuillet supplémentaire. T1204 Paiements contractuels de services du gouvernement. Afin de permettre aux sociétés d'État du gouvernement du Canada (CRDI) de se conformer à cette obligation, l'entrepreneur/consultant est tenu de ...

Xyloglucans of Monocotyledons Have Diverse Structures

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Yves S.Y. Hsieh; Philip J. Harris

2009-01-01

Except in the Poaceae, little is known about the structures of the xyloglucans in the primary walls of mono-cotyledons. Xyloglucan structures in a range of monocotyledon species were examined. Wall preparations were isolated, extracted with 6 M sodium hydroxide, and the extracts treated with a xyloglucan-specific endo-(1→4)-β-glucanase prep-aration. The oligosaccharides released were analyzed by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography and by ma-trix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Oligosaccharide profiles of the non-commelinid monocotyledons were similar to those of most eudicotyledons, indicating the xyloglucans were fucogalactoxyloglucans, with a XXXG ~a core motif and the fucosylated units XXFG and XLFG. An exception was Lemna minor (Araceae), which yielded no fucosylated oligosaccharides and had both XXXG and XXG_n core motifs. Except for the Arecales (palms) and the Dasypogonaceae, which had fucogalactoxyloglucans, the xyloglucans of the commelinid monocotyledons were structurally different. The Zingiberales and Commelinales had xyloglucans with both XXG_n and XXXG core motifs; small proportions of XXFG units, but no XLFG units, were present. In the Poales, the Poaceae had xyloglucans with a XXG_n core motif and no fucosylated units. In the other Poales families, some had both XXXG and XXG_n core motifs, others had only XXXG; XXFG units were present, but XLFG units were not.

Diversity and ecological characteristics of flora of mastuj valley, district chitral, hindukush range, pakistan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hussain, F.; Shah, S.M.; Badshahi, L.; Durrani, M.J.

2015-01-01

This study revealed that the floristic diversity consisted of 571 species belonging to 82 families including 65 dicots, 13 monocots, 2 gymnosperms and 2 pteridophyte families. There were 334 genera including 3 Pteridophytes, 2 gymnosperms, 54 monocot and 275 dicot genera. Asteraceae (91 Spp., 15.95 %), Poaceae (58 Spp., 10.16 %), Papilionaceae (38 Spp., 6.65 %), Lamiaceae and Rosaceae (each with 26 Spp., 4.55 %), Polygonaceae (25 spp; 4.38), Caryophyllaceae (23 spp.; 4.03%), Apiaceae (21 Spp., 3.68 %), Boraginaceae and Brassicaceae (20 Spp., each with 3.50 %) were the leading families. There were 45 (13.47%), 32 (9.58%), 19 (5.69%), 18 (5.39%) and 16 (4.79%) genera respectively in Asteraceae, Poaceae, Brassicaceae, Apiaceae and Papilionaceae. Flora consisted of 91.59% wild species, 92.64% deciduous species, 92.12% nonspiny species, 80.04% mesophytes and 94.57% heliophytes. Biological spectrum was dominated by therophytes (234 spp., 40.98%), followed by hemicryptophytes (154 spp., 26.97%), geophytes (82 spp., 14.36%), chamaephytes (44 spp., 7.71%), nanophanerophytes (31 spp, 5.43%) and megaphanerophytes (24 spp., 4.20%). The leaf size spectra was dominated by nanophylls (40.98%), leptophylls (24.87%), mesophylls 18.56%) and microphylls (9.11%). Further plant exploration is suggested in this remote inaccessible valley in the Hindukush Range, Pakistan. (author)

Techniques de hacking

CERN Document Server

Erickson, Jon

2008-01-01

Dans cet ouvrage, Jon Erickson présente les bases de la programmation en C du point de vue du hacker et dissèque plusieurs techniques de hacking, passées et actuelles, afin de comprendre comment et pourquoi elles fonctionnent. Même si vous ne savez pas programmer, ce livre vous donnera une vue complète de la programmation, de l'architecture des machines, des communications réseau et des techniques de hacking existantes. Associez ces connaissances à l'environnement Linux fourni et laissez libre cours à votre imagination. Avec ce livre vous apprendrez à : • programmer les ordinateurs en C, en assembleur et avec des scripts shell ; • inspecter les registres du processeur et la mémoire système avec un débogueur afin de comprendre précisément ce qui se passe ; Vous découvrirez comment les hackers parviennent à : • corrompre la mémoire d'un système, en utilisant les débordements de tampons et les chaînes de format, pour exécuter un code quelconque ; • surpasser les mesures de sécurit...

Le français sportif: un jeu lexical d’exportation/importation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Riham M. EL KHAMISSY

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Le sport a renouvelé la vision du monde et a envahi les différentes sphères d’activités humaines sous de multiples aspects, entre autres la langue. Sport et presse écrite participent de concert à la génération “d’une langue qui joue”. Afin de décrire des événements sportifs ou en rendre compte, le journalisme génère un lexique qui s’est répandu progressivement jusqu’à conquérir la langue courante. Inversement, les termes empruntés à d’autres champs d’activité, prennent des dimensions sémantiques intéressantes, lorsqu’elles immigrent vers les terrains sportifs. Dans la présente contribution, notre objectif est de mettre en relief l’investissement du lexique du sport dans le discours politique et économique d’une part et celui d’autres domaines dans le discours sportif d’autre part, afin de souligner les effets de ce jeu “d’exportation/importation”. Nous verrons à quel point le journalisme se permet des usages particuliers qui pourraient défricher des voies peu explorables.

Rust fungi on some poaceous weeds of wheat crops in Pakistan

OpenAIRE

NAJAM-UL-SEHAR AFSHAN*; ABDUL REHMAN NIAZI

2013-01-01

The article enlists common poaceous weeds found in wheat crop sand their specific parasitic rust fungi. In this study, four (04) plant taxa of Poaceae infected with rust fungi are collected from different wheat crops grown in different areas of Pakistan. The rust fungi are isolated, characterized and identified. All these host plants are known weeds of wheat crop in Pakistan. This work would help to identify and enlist the potential rust fungi on weeds of wheat crop that could be utilized to ...

Two new stilbene trimers from Cynodon dactylon.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Bi-Jun; Liu, Yao; Gu, Ai-Tong; Zhang, Qing; Chen, Lei; Wang, Shu-Mei; Wang, Feng

2017-11-01

Many naturally occurring oligostilbenes have drawn considerable attention because of their intricate structures and diverse bioactivities. Two new stilbene trimers, cystibenetrimerol A (1) and cystibenetrimerol B (2) were isolated from the dried grass of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. The planar structures and stereo configurations of them were elucidated by spectroscopic and spectrometric methods. The isolation and structures elucidation of two new stilbene trimers suggested the ordinary grass belonging to the family Poaceae may be a rich source of stilbene oligomers.

1289-IJBCS-Article- Saizanou Jacques

African Journals Online (AJOL)

KODJIO NORBERT

énoncées par la FIGO et les neuf éléments tels décrits dans le Tableau 1 ... été fixée à 0.25, afin de ne pas être trop restrictif et de ne pas exclure d'éventuels facteurs de confusion. La recherche d'interactions pertinentes a été réalisée. La.

Agent principal de rayonnement et de mobilisation stratégiques (h/f ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Dans ce contexte, l'agent principal de rayonnement et de mobilisation stratégiques élabore des démarches qui permettent de mobiliser les chercheurs et les principaux utilisateurs de la recherche dans les régions visées, afin de faire en sorte qu'ils aient l'occasion de participer à la définition des besoins de recherche dans ...

Les implications socio-economiques des parkings le long de la ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Cependant, ce rôle de transit s'exerce dans un contexte concurrentiel dans la mesure où le corridor togolais, essentiellement routier, n'est pas le seul qui dessert les pays enclavés. Pour faire face à cette concurrence, chaque pays côtier multiplie des opérations de charme afin d'attirer plus opérateurs économiques de ...

Résultats de recherche | Page 76 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le projet régional de recherche-développement s''est proposé de trouver des solutions appropriées afin de contribuer à la fois à l''amélioration de la gestion des ressources forestières et à la réduction de la pauvreté des communautés qui en dépen. Published date. 30 septembre 2012. Rapports. AGROPASTEURS ...

Remittances to Conflict Zones : the Sudanese Diaspora in Cairo ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau site Web et la nouvelle bibliothèque de ressources aideront à améliorer les systèmes d'information et d'enregistrement des faits d'état civil dans les pays en développement.

Mapping Criminal Governance in African Cities | Page 3 | CRDI ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau site Web et la nouvelle bibliothèque de ressources aideront à améliorer les systèmes d'information et d'enregistrement des faits d'état civil dans les pays en développement.

Moroccan Coastal Management : Building Capacity to Adapt to ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau site Web et la nouvelle bibliothèque de ressources aideront à améliorer les systèmes d'information et d'enregistrement des faits d'état civil dans les pays en développement.

Le theatre d'Afrique noire francophone: un art tourne vers le ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Cette étude a pour objectif de porter un regard analytique sur le théâtre d'Afrique noire francophone, depuis les années d'indépendances jusqu'à nos jours, afin de mettre en relief sa contribution au développement du continent. Il est à remarquer, en effet, que ce théâtre, dans son cheminement, est essentiellement un ...

: tous les projets | Page 459 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

... et offrir une formation en méthodes et techniques de recherche en sciences sociales destinée à de jeunes intellectuels et réaliser des recherches sur le terrain afin d'examiner le rôle que joue la religion sur le plan politique en Iraq (la concurrence entre Nadjaf, en Iraq et Qom, en Iran), et la gouvernance régionale en Iraq, ...

Leadership municipal intersectoriel en matière de santé en ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Ce projet vise à consolider le leadership en matière d'écosanté à l'échelle municipale en Colombie et au Vénézuela afin d'aborder les priorités en santé, notamment les maladies à transmission vectorielle et les interventions sur les systèmes d'alimentation en vue de prévenir les maladies non transmissibles. Dengue et ...

264 Modélisation et estimation de la valeur de la terre agricole dans ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

MBETID

marché de terre agricole dont on ne maîtrise pas le mécanisme de fonctionnement et les déterminants du prix. L'objectif assigné à cette recherche est de mettre en évidence les facteurs qui déterminent le prix de la terre agricole dans la zone périurbaine de Bangui en Centrafrique afin de donner au pouvoir public des.

ÉTUDE DE CAS — Vietnam : Les communes du Vietnam ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

16 déc. 2010 ... Les communes du Vietnam progressent grâce à l'information Au Vietnam, un système de suivi communautaire de la pauvreté s'appuie sur des enquêtes officielles afin de mieux cibler les pauvres. Les données supplémentaires permettent d'améliorer la vie des collectivités, celle des femmes en particulier.

Les infections nosocomiales néonatales: quand l'infirmière a une place centrale dans la prévention

OpenAIRE

Hayoz, Mathilde; Moser, Olivia; Thévoz, Anne-Laure

2015-01-01

L’objectif de cette revue de littérature est de répondre au questionnement clinique suivant : quelles sont les mesures de prévention que l’infirmière peut mettre en place afin de diminuer le taux d’infections nosocomiales lors de procédures invasives auprès des nouveau-nés dans un service de soins intensifs de néonatologie ?

Résultats de recherche | Page 100 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Soutien du programme de savoir, d'innovation et de développement de FORO Nacional/Internacional, au Pérou. À en juger par les mesures prises récemment, des efforts sont déployés afin d'accroître le financement ordinairement restreint des activités en matière de science, de technologie et d'innovation (STI) au Pérou.

diversité botanique dans le sud du parc national de taï, côte d

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AKA Boko Mathieu

Plusieurs attributs de textures peuvent être extraits des matrices Mθ. Dans notre application, 8 éléments d'entropie et 1 énergie seront calculés pour chaque direction, afin d'évaluer l'aspect aléatoire de la texture et de quantifier l'énergie globale de la texture par rapport à la direction. Georges Loum et Théodore Cissé Haba.

Short communication

African Journals Online (AJOL)

abp

15 mai 2013 ... cardiovasculaire, 55% étaient hypertendus, alors que 6,4% avaient des troubles cognitifs. Les sujets âgés en hémodialyse chronique représentent une population de patients fragiles. Ils nécessitent une surveillance particulière et régulière afin de prévenir certaines complications propres au sujet âgé et ...

Performances de production des cobayes ( Cavia porcellus L.) en ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Au Cameroun, l'élevage des cobayes se pratique encore dans les cuisines et à même le sol et leur alimentation est essentiellement à base des déchets de cuisine. Le souci d'intensifier la production nécessite la détermination des besoins réels du cobaye afin d'asseoir de façon rationnelle sa table de rationnement.

227 Données préliminaires sur la distribution spatio-temporelle des ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Niamien

surtout nocturnes [18,19]. La présente étude, la première du genre, est une contribution à une meilleure connaissance de la biologie et de l'écologie des Mégachiroptères afin d'en assurer une gestion rationnelle et durable. Elle vise spécifiquement à identifier les sites de reproduction des chauves-souris à tête de marteau,.

APPLICATION OF JUDD-OFELT THEORY UPON ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

30 juin 2012 ... A. Babai et al. J Fundam Appl Sci. 2012, 4(1), 64-72. 66 fois, puis est moyennée afin d'obtenir des résultats fiables. Pour ce verre, la densité moyenne ..... J. Alloys Compd. 1998, 15, 275-277. [3] Philipps J. F., Töpfer T., Ebendorff-Heidepriem H., Ehrt D., Sauerbrey R. Spectroscopic and lasing properties of ...

Harmonisation des méthodologies de planification et d'évaluation ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau site Web et la nouvelle bibliothèque de ressources aideront à améliorer les systèmes d'information et d'enregistrement des faits d'état civil dans les pays en développement.

Capacité de recherche accrue pour améliorer la gestion des ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau site Web et la nouvelle bibliothèque de ressources aideront à améliorer les systèmes d'information et d'enregistrement des faits d'état civil dans les pays en développement.

Subvention-relais : susciter un appui canadien à la recherche en ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau site Web et la nouvelle bibliothèque de ressources aideront à améliorer les systèmes d'information et d'enregistrement des faits d'état civil dans les pays en développement.

Educational Research Network for West and Central Africa ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau site Web et la nouvelle bibliothèque de ressources aideront à améliorer les systèmes d'information et d'enregistrement des faits d'état civil dans les pays en développement.

Analyse du financement de la santé et des avantages en Ouganda ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau site Web et la nouvelle bibliothèque de ressources aideront à améliorer les systèmes d'information et d'enregistrement des faits d'état civil dans les pays en développement.

Designing and Conducting Health Systems Research Projects ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau site Web et la nouvelle bibliothèque de ressources aideront à améliorer les systèmes d'information et d'enregistrement des faits d'état civil dans les pays en développement.

Soutien institutionnel au Groupe de recherche en économie ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau site Web et la nouvelle bibliothèque de ressources aideront à améliorer les systèmes d'information et d'enregistrement des faits d'état civil dans les pays en développement.

Les institutions de recherche sur les politiques et les ODD liés à la ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau site Web et la nouvelle bibliothèque de ressources aideront à améliorer les systèmes d'information et d'enregistrement des faits d'état civil dans les pays en développement.

Gestion des déchets ménagers en milieu urbain à l'aide d'une ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau site Web et la nouvelle bibliothèque de ressources aideront à améliorer les systèmes d'information et d'enregistrement des faits d'état civil dans les pays en développement.

Un mur contre la malaria : Du nouveau dans la prévention des ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau site Web et la nouvelle bibliothèque de ressources aideront à améliorer les systèmes d'information et d'enregistrement des faits d'état civil dans les pays en développement.

Using Diversity : Enhancing and Maintaining Genetic Resources On ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau site Web et la nouvelle bibliothèque de ressources aideront à améliorer les systèmes d'information et d'enregistrement des faits d'état civil dans les pays en développement.

Soutien institutionnel au Centre for the Study of the Economies of ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le nouveau site Web facilitera l'enregistrement des événements démographiques afin d'améliorer l'accès aux services pour tous. Le nouveau site Web et la nouvelle bibliothèque de ressources aideront à améliorer les systèmes d'information et d'enregistrement des faits d'état civil dans les pays en développement.

Le Developmental Entrepreneurship Program du Massachusetts ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Faire en sorte que les étudiants venant des pays en développement pour étudier au MIT retournent ensuite dans leurs pays respectifs afin d'y concrétiser leurs idées est un souci majeur du MIT, des bailleurs de fonds et du milieu du développement. Ce projet palliera à ce souci en soutenant la formation des fellows du ...

Renforcer les capacités de recherche et d'enseignement dans les ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Cette activité s'inscrit dans un projet de collaboration à long terme entre les deux universités afin de développer le potentiel de l'University of Limpopo d'être une école des mines de premier ordre dans la région. Le projet cadre avec les efforts du Centre de recherches pour le développement international (CRDI) visant à ...

Résultats de recherche | Page 28 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Ce projet vise à atténuer l'insécurité alimentaire et la malnutrition en Colombie. Les chercheurs augmenteront la culture de meilleures variétés de pommes de terre à chair jaune qui : -produisent 15 % de plus que les autres variétés;. Projet. -. Exploitation du savoir autochtone afin de créer des emplois pour les femmes dans ...

Recherche de polluants inorganiques sur un ancien site de ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

que, l'actuelle aire de jeux renferme des éléments traces métalliques (ETM) tels que le plomb, le cadmium, l'arsenic, le mercure, de même que les nitrates et les ... En marge des approches de dépollution chimiques proposées, il est aussi possible de garnir le site en gazon afin de réduire les risques de contamination.

Domestication de portunus validus et callinectes amnicola au Bénin ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Afin de diversifier les espèces candidates à l'aquaculture béninoise, des essais de domestication ont été réalisés sur deux espèces de crustacés lagunaires, Portunus validus et Callinectes amnicola. Des essais de croissance basés sur le nourrissage sur production primaire des étangs (mis en charge de 100 individus) et ...

CARACTERISATION PHYSICO-CHIMIQUE ET POTENTIALITES ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AISA

Le pois sucré (Cyperus esculentus L. Cyperaceae) présente des potentialités insuffisamment exploitées sur le plan nutritionnel. Afin de contribuer à la connaissance de ce produit, une enquête a été menée auprès d'une frange de la population d'Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire). Des analyses physiques et chimiques ont été.

La communication participative pour le développement : Un agenda ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

1 janvier 1996. ISBN : Épuisé. 138 pages. e-ISBN : 1552503909. Téléchargez le PDF. Il y a deux ans, le Centre de recherches pour le développement international a créé CIME, un programme de communication pour le développement, afin de témoigner de l'importance des interrelations entre la Communication à la base, ...