Cross-Age Tutoring: Effects on Tutors' Attributes.

Science.gov (United States)

Yogev, Abraham; Ronen, Rachel

1982-01-01

The psychological benefits of a high school tutoring program were investigated. Results gathered from questionnaires answered by high school students tutoring junior high school students, both before and after the tutoring experience, indicated that tutors' empathy, altruism, and self-esteem increased as a result of program participation.…

Personalidad y demencia: aproximación al perfil diferencial del cuidador

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Elena de Andrés-Jiménez

2011-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la existencia de un perfil de personalidad característico de los cuidadores y cuidadoras familiares de personas con demencia. El adecuado conocimiento y manejo de las variables psicológicas que afectan de alguna manera al cuidador, ayuda a promover las acciones oportunas destinadas a atenuar el impacto del cuidado y mejorar la calidad de vida del cuidador y la persona cuidada. La población objeto de estudio está formada por 69 cuidadores familiares de personas con demencia, miembros de distintas asociaciones y centros de día. Los resultados obtenidos permiten identificar un perfil de personalidad característico para estos cuidadores, revelador de un funcionamiento psicológico específico en esta muestra, que si bien no podemos relacionar directamente con las tareas propias del cuidado de una persona con esta enfermedad, si nos proporciona información muy relevante para atender de forma más precisa a las necesidades de este colectivo. Asimismo, el análisis de los estilos de personalidad en función del sexo muestra una vez más que la mujer se encuentra en este ámbito en una situación de mayor vulnerabilidad.

Habilidad de cuidado de cuidadores familiares principales de pacientes con ACV. Cartagena (Colombia

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Amparo Montalvo Prieto

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El accidente cerebrovascular (ACV es la enfermedad neurológica que más incapacidad e institucionalización origina. Su alta supervivencia no es pareja a una recuperación total, pues hasta el noventa por ciento sufre secuelas, lo cual genera una demanda de cuidados y la presencia de un cuidador para realizar las actividades básicas. Estos cuidadores están expuestos a padecer cambios en su vida que afectan sus diferentes roles, lo cual los convierte en una población vulnerable que requiere atención de los servicios de salud. Objetivo: Identificar las habilidades de cuidado de los cuidadores principales de los pacientes con secuelas de ACV en Cartagena. Método: Estudio descriptivo, realizado a 152 cuidadores de pacientes con secuelas de ACV en la ciudad de Cartagena. Se utilizaron dos instrumentos: Caracterización de los Cuidadores e Inventario de Habilidad de Cuidado, instrumento que mide la habilidad de cuidado en las dimensiones conocimiento, valor y paciencia. Resultados: Los cuidadores en su mayoría son mujeres en edad adulta, menores que el sujeto de cuidado, dedicadas al hogar, llevan más de 37 meses dedicados al cuidado, no son las únicas cuidadoras; primer grado de consanguinidad (51,3%, presentan habilidad de cuidado media. Las dimensiones de habilidad de cuidado, el conocimiento (75,7% y la paciencia (87,5% estuvieron en categoría alta y el valor en categoría alta (2,6%. Conclusiones: Los cuidadores de personas con ACV no cuentan con la habilidad necesaria para establecer la relación de cuidado, es necesario realizar intervenciones orientadas a disminuir los riegos del rol de cuidador.

Desvelando o cotidiano dos cuidadores informais de idosos Revelando el cotidiano de los cuidadores informales de ancianos Unveiling the routine of informal caregivers for the elderly

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Michel Patrick Fonseca Rocha

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo objetivou descrever como os cuidadores informais de idosos interpretam e constroem o seu cotidiano. Estudo qualitativo, descritivo-exploratório, tendo como orientação teórico-metodológica, a dialética. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi a entrevista individual, com cinco cuidadores de idosos dependentes em domicílios de um Programa Saúde da Família, em Montes Claros Minas Gerais. Resultados evidenciaram situações adversas enfrentadas pelos cuidadores relacionadas ao sofrimento e sacrifícios na prestação dos cuidados e a falta de assistência para atender as necessidades do ser cuidado e do ser cuidador. Porém, exercem o cuidar com amor, carinho e dedicação, utilizando a fé e a espiritualidade como busca do equilíbrio biopsicossocial. Recomenda-se que esses profissionais tenham um olhar respeitoso e cooperativo ao trabalho desses cuidadores.El propósito del presente artículo ha sido describir cómo los cuidadores informales de ancianos interpretan y construyen su rutina. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio, con orientación teórico-metodológica. La recogida de datos se realizó mediante entrevistas individuales a cinco cuidadores de personas mayores dependientes que viven en domicilios incluidos en un Programa de Salud de la Familia de Montes Claros, Estado de Minas Gerais. Los resultados revelan que los cuidadores enfrentan situaciones hostiles que tienen que ver con sufrimiento y sacrificios en la prestación de los cuidados y con la falta de asistencia para atender a las necesidades del anciano y del cuidador. Pero, ejercen su tarea con amor, cariño y dedicación y, a través de la fe y de la espiritualidad, buscan su equilibrio biopsicosocial. Se aconseja que el trabajo de estos profesionales sea considerado com respecto y cooperación.This article intends to describe how the informal caregivers interpret and build their daily routine. It is a qualitative study using dialectics

Sobrecarga de cuidadores familiares de idosos com acidente vascular encefálico

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Tatiana Ferreira da Costa

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência e associação da sobrecarga com características do indivíduo com sequela de acidente vascular encefálico e do cuidador. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado na cidade de João Pessoa - PB. Os participantes foram 136 cuidadores familiares. Para a coleta de dados, aplicou-se a escala de Barthel e Zarit Burden Interview. Resultados: Evidencia-se alta prevalência de sobrecarga entre os cuidadores (77,2%, a qual apresentou associação estatisticamente significativa com as seguintes características: indivíduos com sequela de acidente vascular encefálico com 65 anos ou mais, com grau de dependência muito grave, cuidadores do sexo feminino, com faixa etária adulta e com baixo grau de escolaridade. Conclusão: Destaca-se a importância prática de intervenções realizadas por enfermeiros e demais profissionais de saúde com relação às orientações e supervisões referentes ao cuidado dispensado ao cuidador familiar de indivíduos com sequela de acidente vascular encefálico.

Cansancio, cuidados y repercusiones en cuidadores informales de adultos mayores con enfermedades crónico degenerativas

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María Asunción Vicente Ruiz

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Las enfermedades crónicas como diabetes, hipertensión, enfermedad cardiovascular, cáncer, pueden limitar la habilidad de los adultos mayores para ejecutar actividades de la vida diaria, generando cansancio o sobrecarga en los cuidadores. Objetivo: Determinar la relación que existe entre el cansancio, el cuidado y los efectos a la salud del cuidador. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo y analítico. La muestra se conformó con 123 cuidadores familiares y 123 personas adultas con enfermedad crónico degenerativa. El tipo de muestreo fue no probabilístico. Resultados y Discusión: Se encontró asociación entre el cansancio y las repercusiones del cuidado (r=.438, p<.01, lo que sugiere que mayor cansancio en los cuidadores, mayores serán las repercusiones en la salud. Además correlación de los cuidados que presta el cuidador con las repercusiones en la salud del cuidador (r=.546, p<.01, así a mayor cantidad y complejidad de los cuidados, mayores serán las repercusiones que afecten el bienestar del cuidador. Los cuidados se relacionaron con el cansancio, se afirma que a mayor cantidad y complejidad del cuidado mayor cansancio percibe el cuidador (r=.109, p<.01. Conclusión: El cansancio en los cuidadores es elevado, está asociado a la sobrecarga del cuidado con serias repercusiones en la salud o bienestar y fundamenta las intervenciones interdisciplinarias futuras.

Qualidade de vida e sobrecarga: perfil dos cuidadores de idosos com doença de Alzheimer

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Emilene da silva Araujo

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: buscou-se, através de uma análise do perfil do cuidador de pessoas com Doença de Alzheimer, fatores que possam influenciar na sobrecarga e em sua qualidade de vida. Método: trata-se de um estudo transversal, do tipo quantitativo, composto por doze cuidadores de pessoas com diagnóstico da Doença de Alzheimer, os quais foram recrutados através do cadastrado no grupo Assistência Multidisciplinar Integrada aos Cuidadores dos Portadores da Doença de Alzheimer (AMICA, de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo utilizou três instrumentos para coleta de dados baseados numa entrevista estruturada, que foi executada pela pesquisadora, sendo uma ficha de caracterização do cuidador, a entrevista de Zarit de sobrecarga do cuidador e o questionário de qualidade de vida (versão cuidador. Resultados: dos doze cuidadores entrevistados, observou-se que 10 eram do sexo feminino, sendo 6 filhas e 10 residiam juntamente com os idosos. Verificou-se que, em relação à qualidade de vida, 9 dos cuidadores relataram que a vida, em geral, estava boa e 9 apresentaram sobrecarga moderada. Considerações finais: através do estudo, é perceptível a importância de políticas públicas aos cuidadores de pessoas com diagnóstico da Doença de Alzheimer, para que os mesmos possam exercer suas funções com menos sobrecarga e com qualidade de vida.

Comparación de psicopatologías y apoyo prestado a cuidadores de enfermos de Alzheimer por la farmacia comunitaria y las asociaciones de cuidadores

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Vérez-Cotelo N

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Los cuidadores familiares de enfermos de Alzheimer (CFEA sufren sobrecarga y psicopatologías derivadas del cuidado. Objetivo: comparar el estado de sobrecarga, ansiedad, depresión y apoyo social percibido por los CFEA que pertenecen a una asociación de familiares de enfermos de Alzheimer (AFA y los que no pertenecen y son atendidos en farmacia comunitaria. Métodos: Estudio observacional transversal. 175 CFEA, divididos en dos grupos. Uno de 25 CFEA captado entre cuidadores que acuden regularmente a una farmacia y no pertenecían a ninguna asociación (FCIA. El segundo grupo (AFA de 150 CFEA pertenecientes a 7 AFA de Galicia. Se registraron variables sociodemográficas y se administraron los cuestionarios: inventario de depresión de Beck, STAI-Cuestionario de ansiedad, escala de sobrecarga del cuidador de Zarit, escala Duke-UNC del apoyo social percibido. Resultados: En los dos grupos el perfil de cuidador corresponde con una mujer de 56 años, familiar de primer grado del EA, con estudios primarios. Sin diferencias significativas entre grupos en edad (p=0,931 ni nivel educativo (p=0,508. Tampoco se encontraron diferencias en estado civil (p=0,468, ni en situación laboral (p= 0,851. Diferencias significativas: ansiedad, sobrecarga y apoyo social. El grupo AFA obtuvo puntuaciones más altas en sobrecarga (t=3,162; p=0,002, ansiedad (t=2,054; p=0,046 y apoyo social percibido (t=2,755; p=0,006. Sin diferencias significativas en depresión (t=-0,881; p=0,380. Conclusiones: Los cuidadores familiares del grupo AFA mostraron mayor sobrecarga y ansiedad. Los resultados de este trabajo respaldan la utilidad del farmacéutico comunitario en la detección de psicopatologías asociadas al cuidado del EA y la atención a los cuidadores

Sobrecarga dos cuidadores de idosos com acidente vascular cerebral Sobrecarga de los cuidadores de ancianos con accidente cerebrovascular Burden on caregivers of elderly victims of cerebrovascular accident

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Roberta Amorim Pereira

2013-02-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a sobrecarga dos cuidadores de idosos com acidente vascular cerebral (AVC, assim como correlacioná-la com as horas de cuidado, a idade e a independência funcional dos idosos. Trata-se de estudo transversal feito com 62 idosos com AVC e seus cuidadores. O instrumento continha variáveis sociodemográficas e econômicas, Mini-Exame do Estado Mental, Medida da Independência Funcional (MIF e a Escala de Zarit. A possível correlação entre os escores da escala de Zarit e as outras variáveis foi avaliada por meio do Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson. A maioria dos cuidadores era adultos, filhos, casados e do sexo feminino. A média do escore de Zarit foi 34,92 (15,8. A MIF apresentou correlação negativa com a sobrecarga do cuidador, porém, não houve correlação com a idade e as horas de cuidado. A sobrecarga da maioria dos cuidadores variou de moderada a severa e parece estar relacionada ao nível de independência funcional dos idosos.Se objetivó evaluar la sobrecarga de cuidadores de ancianos con accidente cerebrovascular (ACV, y correlacionarla con horas de cuidado, edad e independencia funcional de los ancianos. Estudio transversal con 62 ancianos con ACV y sus cuidadores. El instrumento contenía variables sociodemográficas y económicas, Mini-Examen del Estado Mental, Medida de la Independencia Funcional (MIF y la Escala de Zarit. La posible correlación entre los puntajes de la escala de Zarit y las otras variables fue evaluada por Coeficiente de Correlación de Pearson. La mayoría de los cuidadores eran adultos, hijos, casados y de sexo femenino. El promedio de puntaje de Zarit fue 34,92 (15,8. La MIF presentó correlación negativa con la sobrecarga del cuidador, sin embargo no hubo correlación con edad y horas de cuidado. La sobrecarga de la mayoría de los cuidadores varió entre moderada y severa, y parece relacionarse con el nivel de independencia funcional del anciano.The aim was to

Who were my tutors? Who can tutor me?

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Ana Krajnc

2006-12-01

Full Text Available The author deals with tutorship as one of the most effective forms of one-to-one learning. The relationship between a tutor and a student is studied in detail and it is established that the quality of such a relationship can be considerably better than the one, where a tutor and a student arc engaged in a more formal one. The article, which is based on the data gathered from a research, speaks about conditions, which are necessary for an informal tutor-student re lationship to evolve. The author also answers the question of the characteristics the students expect from their tutors. What should, therefore, a personal profile of an informal tutor be? This also partly answers the question of a good leader and the characteristics a good leader possesses, since leaders are also good tutors. Informal tutors, who offered skills, knowledge and useful insight, were mostly people's male and female friends (80 % , individual teachers if they've become close (65 %, a spouse (50% and a co-worker (42 %. When considering the development of a tutor-student relationship, the basis was knowledge and expertise of the other person (29 % of replies, moreover personal characteristics of a tutor were underlined (71 %. The research also revealed that only certain people can assume a role of a tutor. As a single, most important characteristic the following were selected: has the ability to listen, is emphatic and tolerant to the other person. Everybody,without exception selected these characteristics. The second characteristic (53 %, but of a much lesser importance than the first one was: friendly, likeable, amicable, warm, nice, humane. It is of equal importance for a tutor to be open, honest and broad-minded. Everybody believes they could successfully develop (or have successfully developed if being (having been engaged in a relationship with such a tutor.

RELACIÓN ENTRE DEPRESIÓN Y SOBRECARGA EN CUIDADORES DE PACIENTES CON DEMENCIA TIPO ALZHEIMER

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Mayra Juliana Galvis

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El Alzheimer es el tipo de demencia más frecuente. Debido al deterioro progresivo que produce, los pacientes requieren de cuidado permanente. Las personas que asumen el rol de cuidadores de estos pacientes pueden sufrir efectos adversos a nivel psicológico, físico y social. Se realizó un estudio no experimental, transversal correlacional, con el objetivo de establecer la relación entre los niveles de depresión y sobrecarga en una muestra de 84 cuidadores formales y 92 informales de pacientes con esta enfermedad de la ciudad de Bucaramanga, Colombia., utilizando el inventario de depresión estado-rasgo (IDER, y la escala de sobrecarga de Zarit (versión para cuidadores informales y versión ajustada para cuidadores formales. Se se encontró correlación a nivel de p<.01 entre sobrecarga y depresión (estado y rasgo en los cuidadores informales, pero no en los formales. Resulta importante profundizar en la relación entre el afecto negativo y la sobrecarga, así como estudiar las variables contextuales que podrían incrementar el malestar de ambos grupos de cuidadores.

Example-Tracing Tutors: Intelligent Tutor Development for Non-Programmers

Science.gov (United States)

Aleven, Vincent; McLaren, Bruce M.; Sewall, Jonathan; van Velsen, Martin; Popescu, Octav; Demi, Sandra; Ringenberg, Michael; Koedinger, Kenneth R.

2016-01-01

In 2009, we reported on a new Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) technology, example-tracing tutors, that can be built without programming using the Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT). Creating example-tracing tutors was shown to be 4-8 times as cost-effective as estimates for ITS development from the literature. Since 2009, CTAT and its…

Los cuidadores de pacientes con Alzheimer y su habilidad de cuidado, en la ciudad de Cartagena

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AMPARO ASTRID MONTALVO PRIETO

2007-12-01

Full Text Available El estudio estableció las características y la habilidad de cuidado del cuidador familiar principal del paciente con Alzheimer en la ciudad de Cartagena. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de abordaje cuantitativo a 84 cuidadores de pacientes con Alzheimer, en la ciudad de Cartagena y pueblos aledaños, de diferente género y estrato social, que acuden como usuarios a la institución hospitalaria Fundación Instituto de Rehabilitación del Epiléptico (FIRE. Los instrumentos utilizados, "Inventario de la habilidad de cuidado (CAI" de Ngozi Nkongho, cuya confiabilidad se validó en su versión al español, permitió hacer la medición de la dimensiones conocimiento, valor y paciencia de la habilidad de cuidado de los cuidadores familiares, y caracterizarlos con la encuesta "Caracterización de los cuidadores". Los hallazgos confirman lo expuesto en la literatura acerca de las similitudes que presentan los cuidadores en cuanto a género, edad, relación familiar y la baja habilidad de los cuidadores familiares relacionadas con el conocimiento, el valor y la paciencia en el cuidado de los pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer. Los resultados sugieren la necesidad de fortalecer en los cuidado-res familiares la habilidad de cuidado en las tres dimensiones, mediante la organización de grupos de apoyo

Ressignificação da vida do cuidador do paciente idoso com câncer

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Anna Cláudia Yokoyama dos Anjos

2014-10-01

Full Text Available O estudo objetivou analisar o processo de tornar-se cuidador de idoso com câncer, submetido a quimioterapia, no contexto domiciliar. Estudo exploratório, com orientação teórico-metodológica da antropologia interpretativa e estudo de caso etnográfico. Os dados foram coletados de janeiro a setembro de 2009, com quatro cuidadores, por entrevistas semiestruturadas, observação e consulta em prontuários. Com a analise dos dados foram construídas quatro unidades de significação. Apresentamos neste artigo a unidade temática "A ressignificação da vida do cuidador", composta por aspectos positivos da atividade de cuidar e de ajudar a superar dificuldades, como união, solidariedade, oportunidade de reaproximação. As dificuldades foram mais evidentes, principalmente pelo despreparo para cuidar em domicilio, que levou a transformações nas relações familiares e sociais do cuidador, resultando em comprometimento dos aspectos físicos, emocionais e sociais. O enfermeiro, como agente do cuidar, deve prover qualificação adequada ao cuidador, auxiliando-o no enfrentamento da doença e na melhoria da relação cuidador-paciente-serviço.

O perfil dos cuidadores de pacientes pediátricos com fibrose cística

OpenAIRE

Alves, Stella Pegoraro; Bueno, Denise

2018-01-01

Resumo O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar o perfil do cuidador principal de pacientes pediátricos com Fibrose Cística (FC). Estudo transversal, descritivo e prospectivo, no qual foi realizado, durante consulta farmacêutica, entrevista com cuidadores de pacientes fibrocísticos acompanhados em um centro de referência de um Hospital Universitário do Sul do Brasil. Foram obtidas informações gerais sobre os cuidadores, sobre o entendimento da doença, os medicamentos em uso do paciente e a din...

Calidad de vida de los cuidadores de personas con enfermedad crónica

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Sonia Patricia Carreño-Moreno

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El alto impacto epidemiológico, social, económico y cultural de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles afecta el significado de calidad de vida en las personas que las padecen y en sus cuidadores familiares. Objetivo: describir la forma como se construye el significado de calidad de vida de cuidadores de personas con enfermedad crónica. Método: investigación desarrollada con la propuesta de metasíntesis cualitativa de Sandelowski y Barroso. Resultados: se presentan tres momentos en la trayectoria: 1 se afecta (destrucción celular programada; 2 se trasforma (autocontrol del desarrollo y crecimiento, y 3 se resignifica (condensación; y cuatro factores condicionantes para la construcción del significado de calidad de vida para el cuidador como son el soporte social, la espiritualidad, la habilidad para cuidar y el tiempo. Conclusiones: la calidad de vida se afecta y se reconstruye en virtud del significado que el cuidador tenga de esta.

Reconstruyendo el significado de calidad de vida de los cuidadores en el cuidado: una metasíntesis

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Sonia Patricia Carreño Moreno

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles afectan la calidad de vida de las personas que las padecen y de sus cuidadores familiares. Se ha demostrado que se cambian los estilos de vida, aparece el dolor y las limitaciones, se altera la socialización y surgen sentimientos de pérdida y muerte. Se requiere por esto hacer una revisión sistemática del conocimiento generado para construir teóricamente el concepto de calidad de vida de los cuidadores familiares. Objetivo: Realizar una integración interpretativa a partir de la evidencia científica del fenómeno de calidad de vida de cuidadores de personas con enfermedad crónica. Método: Metasíntesis de 24 artículos publicados de investigaciones científicas del fenómeno de calidad de vida de cuidadores de personas con enfermedad crónica, de bases de datos electrónicas reconocidas en enfermería y salud a partir del método de Sandelowski y Barroso (2006. Resultados: Emergió un planteamiento hipotético denominado Reconstruyendo el significado de calidad de vida de los cuidadores en el cuidado que se sustenta en tres momentos para el significado de calidad de vida: vivir en desasosiego, vivir para la calidad de vida del otro y construir la propia calidad de vida. Conclusiones: La reconceptualización de la calidad de vida de los cuidadores genera en el cuidador una forma diferente de percibir su experiencia, la cual está condicionada por los asuntos morales que están asociados a la labor de ser cuidador y las opciones de desarrollo humano con el significado espiritual emergente. La construcción del significado de calidad de vida para el cuidador se da a través de la experiencia de cuidado, edificándose en el ejercicio de su rol de cuidador, el cual responde a factores estrechamente relacionados con lo moral y evoluciona tomando un significado espiritual.

Repercussões do câncer infantil para o cuidador familiar: revisão integrativa Repercusión del cáncer infantil a los cuidadores familiares: revisión integradora Impact of childhood cancer for family caregivers: integrative review

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Daniela Doulavince Amador

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura com o objetivo de identificar as repercussões do câncer infantil para o cuidador familiar. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Adolec e Cochrane, buscando-se artigos em português, inglês e espanhol, publicados entre 2005 e 2010, usando os descritores: cuidadores, criança, câncer e enfermagem. Foram obtidos dezoito artigos. A análise das publicações selecionadas permitiu a identificação de quatro categorias temáticas: sentimentos vivenciados pelo cuidador familiar; repercussões físicas e psicológicas do sofrimento do cuidador familiar; Impacto financeiro do câncer infantil na vida do cuidador e necessidade de apoio social ao cuidador familiar. Conclui-se que os prejuízos à vida do cuidador podem fragilizar a relação criança/cuidador necessitando efetiva atuação da equipe de saúde no intuito de oferecer suporte, acompanhamento e orientação.Se trata de una revisión integradora de la literatura que tuvo el objetivo de identificar los efectos del cáncer infantil para el cuidador familiar. El estudio se llevó a cabo en las bases de datos LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Adolec y Cochrane, buscándose artículos en portugués, inglés y español, publicados entre 2005 y 2010, con las palabras clave: cuidadores, niños, cáncer y enfermería. La búsqueda resultó en 18 artículos seleccionados. El análisis de las publicaciones seleccionadas permitió la identificación de cuatro temas: los sentimientos experimentados por los cuidadores familiares; las repercusiones físicas y psicológicas del sufrimiento de los cuidadores familiares; el impacto financiero de cáncer en la vida del cuidador y la necesidad de apoyo social para los cuidadores familiares. Se concluye que el daño a la vida del cuidador puede debilitar el vínculo niño/cuidador que requieren una acción eficaz del equipo de salud con el fin de ofrecer apoyo, orientación y supervisi

Relación entre el burnout y la calidad de vida del cuidador de personas con demencia

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Josep Deví Bastida

Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar el efecto burnout en la calidad de vida del cuidador de personas con demencia. Metodología: Revisión sistemática de artículos científicos que aportan información sobre la calidad de vida y el burnout de los cuidadores de personas con demencia. Las fuentes de datos usadas en el presente trabajo son PsycInfo, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, PubMed y Google Schoolar. Se han seleccionado 10 artículos siguiendo los criterios de selección y calidad marcados en la tabla 1, y sus características principales se muestran en la tabla 2. Resultados: Se han agrupado en función de los estadísticos usados en cada estudio; las variables analizadas son aquellas que recogen la relación entre la carga del cuidador y la calidad de vida del cuidador de personas con demencia. Existe una correlación negativa y estadísticamente significativa entre el burnout y la calidad de vida. La calidad de vida depende de los niveles de carga, que a su vez está relacionada con el tiempo que tienen los cuidadores para ellos mismos, el soporte social, los problemas de comportamiento del enfermo con demencia, la autoestima del cuidador y las finanzas. La calidad de vida relacionada con la salud está inversamente relacionada con los niveles de dependencia de la persona con demencia y con la edad del cuidador. Conclusiones: Una mayor percepción de carga conlleva una peor calidad de vida. Así pues, para mejorar la calidad de vida de los cuidadores de una persona con demencia debemos incidir en las variables que influyen la carga del cuidador.

Sobrecarga y calidad de vida del cuidador principal del adulto mayor

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Jack Roberto Silva Fhon

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar la sobrecarga de trabajo y la calidad de vida del cuidador principal del adulto mayor atendido en un consultorio de geriatría. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, de corte transversal, realizado con 183 adultos mayores y sus respectivos cuidadores atendidos en un consultorio de geriatría. Para la recolección de los datos, fueron utilizados los instrumentos de perfil demográfico para el adulto mayor y su cuidador Escala de Zarit y The Medical Outcomes Study 36-item (sf-36. El análisis se realizó por medio de la estadística descriptiva y de la prueba de correlación de Spearman, con un nivel de significancia de p ≤ 0,05. Resultados: En los adultos mayores, hubo predominio del sexo masculino; la edad promedio fue de 74,8 años y estaban casados/as. En los cuidadores, predominó el sexo femenino; la edad promedio fue de 44,3 años. El total de cuidadores tenían estudios superiores, estaban casados/as y eran hijos/as de los adultos mayores. Según la evaluación con la Escala de Zarit, el 18,1% presentó algún tipo de sobrecarga; en cuanto a la calidad de vida, las dimensiones con menor puntuación fueron Salud general, Salud mental y Vitalidad. Se obtuvo una correlación inversa entre la puntuación total de la Escala de Zarit y todas las dimensiones de la calidad de vida. Conclusión: Se observó que el desgaste de la calidad de vida se debe a la sobrecarga en el cuidado del adulto mayor. Por lo tanto, se hace necesario acompañar el estado de salud de los cuidadores con la finalidad de prevenir alteraciones físicas y mentales.

Moderadores dos efeitos do estresse na saúde auto-percebida de cuidadores

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Ana Paula Fabrino Bretas Cupertino

2006-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do presente estudo foi examinar se percepção de benefícios no cuidar de idosos e religiosidade poderiam atuar como variáveis mediadoras na relação entre estresse do cuidador, saúde auto-percebida e tensão emocional relatada. A amostra consistiu de 345 cuidadores com idade variando entre 64 e 88 anos (M= 42,35; DP= 5,2, integrantes do Caregiver’s Health Effect Study, um dos componentes do Cardiovascular Health Study. O método de path análise identificou que, como esperado, o estresse das demandas ambientais apresentou uma relação indireta com saúde física percebida dos cuidadores. Religiosidade e estresse das demandas ambientais foram mediados pela percepção de benefícios na atividade de cuidar de idoso, resultando na diminuição da tensão emocional, a qual teve relação direta com saúde percebida. Nos grupos de baixo nível educacional, especificamente, encontrou-se que religiosidade teve um efeito direto sobre saúde auto-percebida. Os resultados sugerem assim que um importante foco na intervenção com cuidadores seria a percepção de benefícios na atividade de cuidar de idosos, devido a sua função protetora na saúde física e emocional.   Palavras-chave: cuidadores de idosos; estresse; percepção da saúde.

Representações sociais do cuidado de doentes terminais no domicílio: o olhar do cuidador familiar

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Stefanie Griebeler Oliveira

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: conocer las representaciones sociales construidas por los cuidadores familiares de pacientes terminales sobre el cuidado en el domicilio. Método: estudio cualitativo con once cuidadores familiares de enfermos terminales, registrados en el servicio de internación domiciliaria de un hospital universitario del sur de Brasil. Realizaron entrevistas narrativas, analizadas por medio del análisis de contenido. Se definieron cuatro categorías: cuidadores hombres y mujeres, una visión diferente; la inversión de roles y los cambios en el cuidado; experiencias como fuente de conocimiento para el cuidado en el hogar; y desafíos del cuidado. Resultados: para los cuidadores hombres, las representaciones difieren de las de las mujeres debido a que el cuidado incluye su entorno. Los hombres no atribuyen la angustia a la sobrecarga, pero sí al temor de perder un ser. Otras representaciones remiten a la imposibilidad de elección para asumir el papel de cuidador y a la inversión de roles, lo que vuelve al paciente sometido al cuidador. Conclusión: esta investigación permitió conocer cómo los cuidadores familiares construyen los significados e interpretan el cuidado que realizan en el domicilio por medio del Programa de Hospitalización Domiciliaria. Se destaca la función de los profesionales de la salud en orientar al cuidador familiar para realizar el cuidado.

Sobrecarga dos cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes com Síndrome de Down

OpenAIRE

Barros, Alina Lúcia Oliveira; Barros, Amanda Oliveira; Barros, Geni Leda de Medeiros; Santos, Maria Teresa Botti Rodrigues

2017-01-01

Resumo O objetivo foi avaliar o perfil e a sobrecarga de cuidadores de crianças/adolescentes com e sem síndrome de Down. As avaliações foram realizadas por meio dos questionários sobre o perfil e a sobrecarga dos cuidadores (Burden Interview), e o perfil das crianças/adolescentes. Estes questionários foram aplicados a 168 cuidadores. Os testes Qui-quadrado, Exato de Fisher e Análise de Variância foram empregados com nível de significância fixado em α = 5%. Ambos os grupos eram compostos por 8...

El cuidador familiar del paciente renal y su calidad de vida, Cartagena (Colombia

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Elizabeth Romero Massa

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar la calidad de vida percibida por el cuidador familiar del paciente con insuficiencia renal crónica en Cartagena. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo; se estudió a cuidadores de pacientes renales que asistían a instituciones prestadoras de servicios de hemodiálisis y diálisis peritoneal en Cartagena. Se estimó una muestra de 225 cuidadores, escogidos en forma aleatoria. La medición de calidad de vida se realizó mediante el instrumento propuesto por Ferrel. Se utilizó el programa estadístico informático de las ciencias sociales para Windows (SPSS 15,0 y los resultados fueron expresados en medidas de tendencia central, media y desviación estándar. Resultados: Participaron 225 cuidadores, 75,1 % en rangos entre 36 a 59 años de edad, 76,9 % femenino. En los cuidadores, el bienestar físico tuvo una media der 9.0, por debajo del promedio, una desviación estándar de 2,4. El bienestar psicológico y social presentaron un rango alto de afectación, con una media de 28.5, desviación estándar de 6,5, una media de 15,8 con una desviación estándar de 3,8, respectivamente. El bienestar espiritual tuvo una media de 16,3, con una desviación estándar de 3,1. Conclusiones: Ser cuidador altera la calidad de vida en las dimensiones Física, Psicologica y Social, debido a las obligaciones que implica tener a cargo los cuidados de otra persona. Como parte de un sistema que brinda cuidados informales, estos necesitan del apoyo del personal de la salud, específicamente de la disciplina de enfermería, que es el personal encargado de brindar cuidados de manera holística.

Sobrecarga en el cuidador de paciente con infarto agudo al miocardio

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Norma Lizbeth Ávila Estrada

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la primera causa de muerte en México, generando un impacto social persistente que involucra tanto a quien lo padece como a quienes lo rodean. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de sobrecarga en el cuidador con pacientes de infarto agudo miocardio (IAM en el Hospital General de Durango. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo no experimental, transversal; 54 familiares de pacientes hospitalizados con diagnóstico de IAM en el Hospital General Durango, no probabilístico por conveniencia. Resultados: La edad promedio en el estudio es de 18 a 25 años correspondiendo al 37%, de los cuales el 66.7% es femenino, 59.3% tiene escolaridad de medios superior, el 72.2% son de procedencia de la ciudad de Durango, con respecto al parentesco del cuidador con la persona que demanda cuidado esta es en su mayoría hijo con un porcentaje de 20.4%; también un alto porcentaje 81.5 % convive con el enfermo y un 63.0% trabaja fuera del hogar, y un 27.8% ha dejado el trabajo parcialmente; el resultado revelo que existe un nivel medio de sobrecarga del 44.2% en el cuidador primario. Discusión y Conclusiones: Son identificables los niveles de sobrecarga en cuidadores de pacientes con IAM generando una serie de variables que alteran la relación cuidador-paciente trayendo consigo una sobrecarga de tipo medio. (Rev Cuid 2012;3(3:342-8.Palabras clave: Cuidados Posteriores, Absentismo Familiar, Atención no Remunerada. (Fuente: DeCS BIREME.

Is Tutoring Teaching? Exploring Tutoring's Potential to Improve Mathematics Teacher Education

Science.gov (United States)

Rasche, Alexander N.

2017-01-01

This study investigated the tutoring practices of mathematics tutors working in one university tutoring center and the corresponding rationale exhibited by the mathematics tutors. This study illustrates how the tutoring practices of mathematics tutors align with the Eight Mathematics Teaching Practices outlined in NCTM's recent publication…

Prevalencia y factores asociados al síndrome de sobrecarga del cuidador primario de ancianos*

OpenAIRE

Doris Cardona A; Ángela M. Segura C; Dedsy Y. Berbesí F; María A. Agudelo M

2013-01-01

El síndrome de sobrecarga del cuidador de los adultos mayores es un estado de angustia que amenaza la salud física y mental por la dificultad persistente de cuidar a un familiar. Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia y factores asociados a sobrecarga en el cuidador primario de ancianos. Metodología: estudio descriptivo transversal, con 310 cuidadores principales de adultos mayores de 65 años y más de edad, seleccionados por muestreo aleatorio simple y entrevistados telefónicamente. Se calculó ...

Prevalencia y factores asociados al síndrome de sobrecarga del cuidador primario de ancianos

OpenAIRE

Cardona A., Doris; Segura C., Ángela M.; Berbesí F., Dedsy Y.; Agudelo M., María A.

2013-01-01

El síndrome de sobrecarga del cuidador de los adultos mayores es un estado de angustia que amenaza la salud física y mental por la dificultad persistente de cuidar a un familiar. OBJETIVOS: identificar la prevalencia y factores asociados a sobrecarga en el cuidador primario de ancianos. METODOLOGIA:estudio descriptivo transversal, con 310 cuidadores principales de adultos mayores de 65 años y más de edad, seleccionados por muestreo aleatorio simple y entrevistados telefónicamente. Se calculó ...

Inventario de Sobrecarga en Cuidadores Familiares sin Formación Especializada de Enfermos de Alzheimer

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María del Carmen Pérez-Fuentes

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes/Objetivo: La demencia tipo Alzheimer es una de las causas más frecuentes de dependencia en población mayor, a lo que se une, la considerable demanda de cuidados. Además, cuando el cuidador es un familiar o una persona sin formación especializada, el cuidado tiene un impacto sobre su salud. Para conocer las necesidades de estos cuidadores y evaluar el nivel de sobrecarga o malestar del cuidador, se realiza la propuesta del Inventario de Sobrecarga en Cuidadores Familiares sin Formación Especializada de Enfermos de Alzheimer (IPSO-CA24. Método: En base a las respuestas de 255 cuidadores, se analizaron las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario, mediante análisis de fiabilidad, análisis factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios. Resultados: Los análisis factoriales informan de una estructura de seis factores relacionados (Reacción ante el diagnóstico, Salud física, Sintomatología psicológica (cuidador, Sintomatología conductual (enfermo, Conocimientos de la enfermedad y Nivel de dependencia, con una fiabilidad entre 0,75 y 0,93, que explican el 66,52% de la varianza total. También se obtiene apoyo para su validez convergente. Conclusiones: El IPSO-CA24 viene a dar respuesta a la necesidad de un instrumento que permita una valoración multidimensional de la sobrecarga del cuidador familiar sin formación especializada. © 2017 Asociación Española de Psicología Conductual. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY−NC−ND license (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by−nc−nd/4.0/.

Percepción del apoyo social funcional en cuidadores familiares de enfermos crónicos

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Olga Marina Vega-Angarita

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: describir la percepción del apoyo social funcional en cuidadores familiares de enfermos crónicos en San José de Cúcuta, Colombia. Método: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo de corte transversal, con aplicación de dos instrumentos: caracterización de los cuidadores y el Cuestionario de Apoyo Social Funcional de Duke-Unc. Participaron 179 cuidadores de personas con enfermedades crónicas, no institucionalizados. Resultados: la mayoría de los cuidadores (54,7% tienen una percepción inadecuada frente al apoyo social funcional global brindado por su entorno más cercano; el 45,3% expresa lo contrario. Sobre la dimensión del apoyo confidencial el mayor porcentaje de los participantes (53,6% tiene una percepción inad cuada, mientras que el 46,4% considera que es la mejor; con un comportamiento similar en la dimensión afectiva se encontró que el 51,4% de los cuidadores tiene una percepción inadecuada, y el 48,6% la describen como adecuada. Conclusiones: los resultados reportados en las dimensiones sugieren la necesidad de que enfermería fortalezca la integración de los cuidadores en los sistemas formales e informales para que, a través de ellos, los sujetos perciban mayor apoyo de su ambiente social, facilitando así los procesos de afrontamiento y adaptación a las demandas que le plantea su nueva realidad.

Práticas de si de cuidadores familiares na atenção domiciliar

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Bruna Ferreira Ribeiro

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Introdução: Atualmente há expansão de serviços de atenção domiciliar, sendo necessário que algum familiar seja o cuidador. Deste modo, é relevante compreender as práticas de si dos cuidadores familiares no contexto da atenção domiciliar. Materiais e Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa, inserida na vertente pós-estruturalista. Participaram da pesquisa 18 cuidadores familiares de pacientes com doenças crônicas ou terminais vinculados ao serviço de atenção domiciliar de um hospital do sul do Brasil. A produção de informações ocorreu por meio de entrevista narrativa, realizada entre julho de 2015 e março de 2016. Os participantes foram entrevistados em três encontros, com periodicidade semanal. A análise se constituiu de questões elaboradas diante das informações produzidas articuladas com as teorizações foucaultianas, sobre cuidado de si, relações de poder e discurso. Resultados e Discussão: Duas categorias foram elaboradas: Constituição do sujeito cuidador: quais os discursos que o atravessam? e práticas de si como caminho de ressignificação ao cuidado. As práticas de si foram configuradas como modo de acesso a verdade, se caracterizando como fio condutor do cuidado de si, levando os cuidadores, nas suas mais diversas formas de ser, a se subjetivarem e se reconstituírem, através de si e do outro. Conclusões: Ser cuidador familiar é circundado por diversos discursos que atravessam seu modo de cuidar e que as práticas de si foram configuradas como modo de acesso a verdade. Como citar este artigo: Ribeiro BF, Oliveira SG, Tristão FSA, Santos-Júnior JRG, Farias TA. Práticas de si de cuidadores familiares na atenção domiciliar. Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(3: 1809-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i3.429

Qualidade de vida de sujeitos com doença de Parkinson e seus cuidadores

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Nadiesca Taisa Filippin

Full Text Available Introdução A doença de Parkinson (DP interfere na autonomia e independência do sujeito, afetando sua qualidade de vida (QV. Cuidadores podem ter sua QV comprometida, em função das dificuldades com o cuidado. Objetivo Avaliar e comparar a QV de sujeitos com DP e seus cuidadores e correlacionar a qualidade de vida com as características dos sujeitos. Material e métodos Foram avaliados 10 sujeitos com DP, com idade média de 65,4 anos, e 8 cuidadores, com idade média de 60,6 anos, de ambos os gêneros. Os instrumentos utilizados foram ficha de avaliação, Questionário PDQ-39, Questionário SF-36, UPDRS e Escala de Hoehn e Yahr modificada. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e coeficiente de correlação de Pearson e Spearman, utilizando nível de significância de α igual a 5%. Resultados A percepção geral sobre a QV foi moderadamente boa tanto para os sujeitos com DP quanto para cuidadores. No entanto, aspectos motores e emocionais influenciam negativamente a QV dos sujeitos com DP. Do contrário, aspectos sociais, mentais e demográficos parecem não exercer influência significativa. Para os cuidadores, fatores emocionais, sociais e físicos, além de características pessoais, estão relacionados com pior percepção sobre sua QV. As características dos sujeitos com DP e aquelas relacionadas ao cuidado não apresentaram correlação significativa com a QV dos cuidadores. Considerações finais Conhecer os principais fatores que interferem na QV ajuda a direcionar estratégias de prevenção, orientação, suporte e tratamento de pessoas com DP e seus cuidadores. A atenção deve ser integral, voltada para um conjunto de aspectos.

Dissertações e teses de enfermagem sobre o cuidador informal do idoso, Brasil, 1979 a 2007

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Chrystiany Plácido de Brito Vieira

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Se trata de un estudio bibliográfico con el objetivo de describir la producción científica brasileña sobre el cuidador informal de ancianos, en las tesinas y tesis de enfermería, de 1979 a 2007; identificar los objetivos, temas y modelos teóricos de estas producciones, y relatar el concepto de cuidador que es utilizado para describir social y demográficamente a esos cuidadores. Los datos fueron recolectados en 27 resúmenes de tesis y tesinas del Centro de Estudios e Investigación en Enfermería, lo que resulta en 15 artículos completos. Los resultados mostraron 18 disertaciones cualitativas y 15 teóricas, del Sur y Sudeste de Brasil. En la mayoría de los estudios se trató de entender la atención desde la perspectiva de los cuidadores y el cuidado familiar que se ofrece a los ancianos con enfermedades crónicas degenerativas. La mayoría de los cuidadores eran mujeres, hijas o esposas, de 40 a 60 años de edad, casadas, con poca escolaridad y amas de casa. El estudio mostró la preocupación de la enfermería por conocer el cuidador familiar desde su propia vivencia como cuidador, y a pesar del incremento de estudios científicos sobre este tema, se constató la necesidad de nuevas investigaciones en esa área.

Sobrecarga dos cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes com Síndrome de Down

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Alina Lúcia Oliveira Barros

Full Text Available Resumo O objetivo foi avaliar o perfil e a sobrecarga de cuidadores de crianças/adolescentes com e sem síndrome de Down. As avaliações foram realizadas por meio dos questionários sobre o perfil e a sobrecarga dos cuidadores (Burden Interview, e o perfil das crianças/adolescentes. Estes questionários foram aplicados a 168 cuidadores. Os testes Qui-quadrado, Exato de Fisher e Análise de Variância foram empregados com nível de significância fixado em α = 5%. Ambos os grupos eram compostos por 84 participantes, e os cuidadores do grupo com deficiência apresentaram porcentagem significantemente maior para o sexo feminino (p = 0,001, faixa etária de 41-60 anos (p < 0,001, não possuíam ocupação laboral (p < 0,001, baixa renda per capita (p < 0,001, baixo nível de escolaridade (p = 0,021, religião católica (p = 0,001, maiores de problemas de saúde (p < 0,001, em uso de medicação continua (p < 0,001 e com nível de sobrecarga moderada (p < 0,001. As crianças/adolescentes com deficiência necessitavam significantemente maior auxilio para a alimentação (p = 0,051, banho (p = 0,006, vestuário (p = 0,042, controle de esfíncteres (p = 0,027 e higiene íntima (p < 0,001. Os cuidadores de crianças/adolescentes com síndrome de Down apresentam sobrecarga moderada, quando comparados à cuidadores de crianças/adolescentes normoreativas.

Adesão ao tratamento por cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes soropositivos para o HIV

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Caroline Mota Branco Salles

Full Text Available Objetivou-se investigar o padrão de adesão ao tratamento por cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes HIV positivos e identificar as estratégias de enfrentamento adotadas diante de estressores da soropositividade. Participaram 30 cuidadores e utilizou-se entrevista semiestruturada, Escala Modos de Enfrentamento de Problemas e prontuário clínico, este como fonte de dados secundários. Os cuidadores foram classificados em Grupo Adesão e Grupo Não-Adesão com base em seus relatos sobre condutas de uso dos medicamentos antirretrovirais e outros critérios. Vinte e cinco cuidadores foram incluídos no Grupo Adesão. Não se observaram diferenças significativas quanto ao enfrentamento entre os grupos, excetuando a busca de práticas religiosas/pensamento fantasioso. Os resultados dão subsídios para intervenções visando reduzir impactos psicossociais da soropositividade a cuidadores, crianças e adolescentes.

Repercusiones bio-psico-sociales en cuidadores informales de enfermos de alzheimer en la ciudad de Salamanca

OpenAIRE

Grueso Pérez, Aida

2012-01-01

[ES]A través de este estudio pretendemos conocer detalladamente los aspectos de la salud integral del cuidador que se ven afectados por el cuidado de un familiar enfermo de Alzheimer. Identificar y analizar los problemas bio-psico-sociales que se producen en los cuidadores informales. Describir y analizar las repercusiones que tiene el cuidado de un familiar con Enfermedad de Alzheimer en la salud tanto física, psicológica como social de los cuidadores informales. La colaboración ...

Automatic Detection of Tutoring Styles Based on Tutors' Behavior

Science.gov (United States)

Bendjebar, Safia; Lafifi, Yacine; Zedadra, Amina

2016-01-01

In e-learning systems, tutors have a significant impact on learners' life to increase their knowledge level and to make the learning process more effective. They are characterized by different features. Therefore, identifying tutoring styles is a critical step in understanding the preference of tutors on how to organize and help the learners. In…

A sobrecarga do familiar cuidador no âmbito domiciliar: uma revisão integrativa da literatura La sobrecarga del familiar cuidador en el entorno domiciliario: una revisión de la literatura Overload of family caregiver at home: an integrative literature review

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Bruna Olegário Baptista

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura que teve como objetivo identificar as evidências acerca dos fatores geradores de sobrecarga e suas consequências para os familiares cuidadores de adultos ou idosos. A revisão abrangeu 27 estudos em base de dados, com as palavras-chave cuidadores, família e sobrecarga, no período de 1999 a 2009. Foram desveladas quatro categorias: a imposição de ser o cuidador, o cuidar solitário, a dependência do ser cuidado e o desgaste biopsicossocial do cuidador. Os resultados demonstram que a imposição do papel de cuidador, a falta de apoio dos outros familiares, o grau de dependência do enfermo relacionada à patologia, e o desgaste físico e psicológico são os principais fatores geradores de sobrecarga dos familiares cuidadores. Verifica-se a necessidade de maior suporte dos profissionais de saúde no sentido de apoiar e estar disponível aos familiares cuidadores nas intercorrências das atividades cuidativas no domicílio.Se trata de una revisión integradora de la literatura dirigida a identificar la evidencia de los factores que causan sobrecarga y sus consecuencias para los familiares cuidadores de adultos o ancianos. La revisión abarcó 27 estudios en base de datos con los descriptores cuidadores, familia y sobrecarga, de 1999 a 2009. Cuatro categorías se desvelaron: la imposición de ser el cuidador, el cuidado solitario, la dependencia del ser cuidado y el desgaste biopsicosocial del cuidador. Los resultados muestran que la imposición del rol de cuidador, la falta de apoyo de otros familiares, el grado de dependencia del enfermo relacionado con la patología y el desgaste físico y psicológico son los principales factores generadores de sobrecarga de familiares cuidadores. Se constata la necesidad de mayor soporte de profesionales de la salud para apoyar y estar a disposición de los familiares cuidadores en las complicaciones de las actividades cuidadoras en hogar.This is an

Necesidades y sobrecarga en cuidadores primarios informales de pacientes con traumatismo craneoencefálico

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Dulce María Díaz Sosa

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer la relación entre la so - brecarga y las necesidades de los cuidadores primarios informales de pacientes que sufrieron traumatismo craneoencefálico. En una mues - tra no probabilística se aplicaron dos instrumentos a 64 cuidadores primarios que miden las necesidades (cuestionario de necesidades familiares y sobrecarga (entrevista de sobrecarga del cuidador de Zarit, bajo un diseño transversal correlacional. Los resultados no mostraron diferencias significativas entre las categorías de las varia - bles sociodemográficas, pero sí presentaron relevancia práctica en las variables de sobrecarga, importancia de necesidades y satisfacción de necesidades. Estos resultados parecen sugerir la posibilidad de guiar estrategias de intervención hacia la satisfacción de necesidades de soporte emocional e instrumental con el objetivo de disminuir la sobrecarga en el cuidador primario informal y favorecer la calidad de vida; no obstante, es importante validar estos resultados en muestras de mayor tamaño que permitan generalizar los hallazgos.

Significado construido por los cuidadores familiares acerca del personal de enfermería

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Carmen Liliana Escobar-Ciro

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: describir el significado que construye el cuidador familiar de personas en situación de enfermedad crónica acerca del personal de enfermería en el ámbito hospitalario. Materiales y métodos: estudio cualitativo con enfoque etnográfico. Se realizaron catorce entrevistas y cincuenta horas de observación participante. Los participantes fueron los cuidadores familiares de los pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio de medicina interna en dos instituciones de la ciudad de Medellín (Colombia. El análisis se hizo a partir de la lectura de los relatos, las observaciones y las notas de campo; se realizó análisis línea a línea, que permitió la codificación de la información; los relatos se agruparon en categorías y subcategorías. Resultados: el significado que construye el cuidador familiar de personas con enfermedad crónica acerca del personal de enfermería en el hospital parte de considerar la enfermería como un oficio duro y de vocación, donde se identifica como actores a la jefe (enfermera y a la enfermera (auxiliar de enfermería, cada una con características propias de su hacer, saber y ser por las cuales las diferencian, y con quienes establecen relaciones cercanas o lejanas. Conclusiones: los cuidadores familiares identifican al personal de enfermería de acuerdo con ciertas características, asumiendo que el profesional de enfermería posee conocimientos, estatus y poder, alejado del cuidador y del paciente. Por su parte, el auxiliar de enfermería es percibido como alguien cercano, con quien se puede interactuar y resolver situaciones. Independientemente del rol desempeñado, los enfermeros(as señalan una sobrecarga laboral que les hace difícil interactuar con el cuidador familiar.

Diferencias en el apoyo social percibido entre cuidadores informales y formales de pacientes con demencia tipo Alzheimer

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Daysy Katherine Pabón Poches

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio de tipo no experimental transversal comparativo tuvo como objetivo identificar las diferencias de apoyo social percibido entre cuidadores informales y formales de la ciudad de Bucaramanga (Colombia y su área metropolitana. Se evaluaron 53 informales y 62 cuidadores formales de pacientes con demencia tipo Alzheimer por medio del cuestionario MOS de apoyo social percibido. Se logró determinar que existe una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre interacción social (p=0,03; apoyo afectivo (p=0,032 y apoyo global (p=0,037 de los grupos de cuidadores formales e informarles; los cuidadores formales presentan mayor puntuación, lo que denota una mejor percepción del apoyo social que reciben.

Salud y calidad de vida de cuidadores familiares y profesionales de personas mayores dependientes: estudio comparativo

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Noelia Flores

2014-08-01

Full Text Available El trabajo que se presenta tiene como objetivo analizar las semejanzas y diferencias en la salud y en la calidad de vida de los cuidadores familiares y profesionales que atienden a personas mayores en situación de dependencia. Concretamente se presentan los resultados obtenidos tras la evaluación de 600 cuidadores de los cuales un 33,83% son familiares y un 66,17% son profesionales, a quienes se evaluó la carga o estrés experimentado, la salud física y psicológica y la calidad de vida general, laboral, familiar y social. Los resultados obtenidos indican que existen diferencias entre ambos grupos de cuidadores. Los familiares dedicados al cuidado presentan mayores niveles de sobrecarga y tienen una peor salud física y psicológica como consecuencia de la atención prestada al dependiente. Los cuidadores profesionales experimentan una mayor satisfacción con la vida en general y con otros factores como el trabajo, la familia y las relaciones sociales. Finalmente se justifica la necesidad de poner en marcha intervenciones de mejora de la salud de los cuidadores

Estimulação cognitiva para idoso com Doença de Alzheimer realizada pelo cuidador

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Thiara Joanna Peçanha da Cruz

2015-06-01

Full Text Available RESUMOObjetivo:conhecer a influência da estimulação cognitiva no domicílio, realizada pelo cuidador de idosos com Doença de Alzheimer.Método:realizado estudo de caso com cinco idosos com Doença de Alzheimer e seus cuidadores. As etapas de desenvolvimento da pesquisa foram: orientação aos cuidadores, seleção dos idosos e cuidadores; abordagem dos sujeitos no domicílio, encontros semanais e reaplicação dos testes para acompanhamento da função cognitiva do idoso.Resultados:no período de três meses foi possível identifi car melhora da cognição, verificada pelo resultado do Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM. Os demais testes (KATZ, LAWTON, TDR e TFV mantiveram os escores iniciais.Conclusões:esta estratégia pode ser considerada uma tecnologia leve do cuidado de enfermagem para idosos com demência. Quando o cuidador realiza este cuidado, após o suporte do enfermeiro, sente-se menos ansioso e com maior compreensão da doença.

Competencia de los cuidadores familiares para cuidar a los pacientes con falla cardíaca

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Diana Marcela Achury Saldaña

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Introducción: El cuidador familiar es la fuente más importante de apoyo social y requiere desarrollar habilidades para reforzar las conductas de autocuidado en su familiar. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la competencia de cuidado de los cuidadores familiares de los pacientes con falla cardiaca (FC en una institución de cuarto nivel de complejidad. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Con un tamaño de muestra de 41 cuidadores familiares de personas con FC que asisten al programa de FC en una institución de salud de cuarto nivel, durante el segundo semestre del 2016. Para la recolección de la información se utilizó el instrumento “CUIDAR” que cuenta con pruebas de validez de constructo y consistencia interna con un alfa de Cronbach de 0.93. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo con distribución de frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: El nivel de competencia global para el cuidado en el hogar de los cuidadores familiares de los pacientes con FC fue medio y alto. Las dimensiones que alcanzaron un nivel más alto de competencia fueron Disfrutar e Instrumental y Procedimental. Discusión: Una adecuada competencia para el cuidado en los cuidadores se convierte en un factor que puede influir de manera positiva en el manejo de la persona. Conclusiones: Una adecuada competencia del cuidador familiar va a permitir una mejor adaptación a los nuevos requerimientos de la vida del paciente con su enfermedad y pueden ayudar a prevenir las descompensaciones. Cómo citar este artículo: Achury DM, Restrepo A, Torres NM, Buitrago AL, Neira NX, Devia P. Competencia de los cuidadores familiares para cuidar a los pacientes con falla cardíaca. Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(3: 1721-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i3.407

Calidad de vida de cuidadores de adultos con accidente cerebrovascular Qualidade de vida de cuidadores de adultos com acidente cerebrovascular Quality of Life of Caretakers of Adults who Have Suffered a Stroke

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INNA ELIDA FLÓREZ TORRES

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: describir la calidad de vida de los cuidadores familiares de adultos con secuelas de accidente cerebrovascular, en Cartagena, Colombia. Método: estudio descriptivo cuantitativo realizado durante el segundo semestre de 2008. Muestra no probabilística por conveniencia de 97 cuidadores. Se empleó el instrumento propuesto por Ferrell et ál. Para valorar cada uno de los bienestares que integran la calidad de vida se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central y coeficiente de variación. Resultados: el grupo de cuidadores presentó en el bienestar físico un promedio de 11,1 con relación al máximo puntaje, lo que indica el peor estado de salud; los bienestares psicológico y social tuvieron promedios de 48,8 y 21,9, respectivamente, con menor afectación. El mejor estado se halló en el bienestar espiritual, con promedio de 22,6. Conclusiones: la experiencia de ser cuidador modifica de manera importante la calidad de vida de las personas; los cuidadores, como fuente importante de cuidado informal, requieren apoyo de los sistemas de salud y, como parte de este, de los profesionales de enfermería.Objetivo: descrever a qualidade de vida dos cuidadores familiares com seqüelas de acidente cerebrovascular, em Cartagena, Colômbia. Método: estudo descritivo quantitativo realizado durante o segundo semestre de 2008. Amostra não probabilística por conveniência de 97 cuidadores. Empregou-se o instrumento proposto por Ferrel et ál. Para valorar cada uma das condições de bem-estar que integram a qualidade de vida utilizaram-se medidas de tendência central e coeficiente de variação. Resultados: o grupo de cuidadores apresentou em bem-estar físico uma média de 11,1 em relação com a pontuação máxima, o que indica o pior estado de saúde; as condições de bem-estar psicológico e social tiveram médias de 48,8 e 21,9, respectivamente, com menor afetação. O melhor estado encontrou-se no bem-estar espiritual, com média de 22

Exploring the Relationships between Perceptions of Tutoring and Tutoring Behaviours: A Focus on Graduate Students Serving as Peer Tutors to College-Level Chemistry Students

Science.gov (United States)

Velasco, Jonathan B.; Stains, Marilyne

2015-01-01

It has been established that both tutors and tutees gain from tutoring sessions. However, tutors' benefits may be enhanced or limited depending on the type of behaviours they perform during the tutoring sessions. Although behaviours enhancing both tutor and tutee learning can be promoted by training, generalized tutor training models that are…

Vivencia de los cuidadores familiares de adultos mayores que sufren depresión Vivência dos cuidadores familiares de idosos que sofrem depressão The experience of family caregivers of older people with depression

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Luz Angélica Muñoz González

2010-03-01

Full Text Available La investigación tuvo como objetivo comprender cómo los cuidadores familiares vivencian la depresión de los adultos mayores, en su contexto cultural. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo de trayectoria etnográfica utilizando el referencial de Spradley. El universo cultural se constituyó con familiares, quienes ejercían el rol de cuidador, obteniéndose su participación a través de consentimiento informado. La enfermedad es percibida por los cuidadores como una limitación profunda en la calidad de vida del anciano, sumando soledad, tristeza y dolor. Los sentimientos de los pacientes deprimidos se hacen extensivos a los cuidadores, quienes también corren el riesgo de deprimirse. Las responsabilidades propias del cuidado también generan en los cuidadores sentimientos de culpa, lo cual los expone a un mayor grado de sufrimiento. Los familiares reconocen las formas de inicio de la enfermedad, sus atributos, las formas de tratamiento, y el estigma social asociado a la enfermedad mental y su rol fundamental de apoyo y cuidado en la recuperación.O objetivo da pesquisa foi compreender como os cuidadores familiares vivenciam a depressão dos idosos, no seu contexto cultural. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo de trajetória etnográfica, utilizando-se o referencial de Spradley. O universo cultural constituiu-se de familiares que exerciam o papel de cuidador, obtendo-se sua participação através de consentimento informado. A doença é percebida pelos cuidadores como uma limitação profunda no seu modo de vida, com solidão, tristeza e dó. Os sentimentos dos pacientes deprimidos extendem-se aos cuidadores, e estes tem também o risco de tornarem-se deprimidos. As responsabilidades próprias do cuidado geram nos cuidadores sentimentos de culpa que produzem mais sofrimento. Os familiares reconhecem o início da doença, seus atributos, as formas de tratamento e o estigma social associado à doença mental, e seu papel fundamental de apoio e de

Do tutors matter? Assessing the impact of tutors on firstyear ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This research sought to determine if a teaching intervention using tutors in a South African university could promote epistemological access to university for first-year students. Although hiring, developing and managing tutors takes oney, time and energy, the effectiveness of tutors in the South African context is ...

Malestar psicológico y emoción expresada en cuidadores de pacientes con un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria

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Brígida Pérez-Pareja

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue evaluar el nivel de emoción expresada y de malestar psicológico en cuidadores de pacientes con un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria, considerando las diferencias en función de las características sociodemográficas y clínicas. Participaron 53 cuidadores de pacientes con un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria que estaban siendo atendidas en la unidad de trastornos alimentarios del hospital de San Juan, Alicante. El 39.6% de los cuidadores fueron hombres y el 60.4% mujeres con edades comprendidas entre los 23 y los 69 años. El cuestionario utilizado para evaluar la emoción expresada fue el de Nivel de Emoción Expresada, (LEE y para evaluar el malestar psicológico utilizamos la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria (HADS y un cuestionario de salud general, (GHQ-12. Los resultados mostraron que no había diferencias estadísticamente significativas atendiendo al diagnóstico de la paciente, edad de los cuidadores y cuidadores primarios y secundarios, sin embargo se encontraron diferencias significativas en relación al género del cuidador, parentesco y al tiempo de evolución del problema. Además, los cuidadores con mayor emoción expresada presentaban más ansiedad y depresión que los cuidadores con menor emoción expresada.

Does Private Tutoring Payoff?

OpenAIRE

Gurun, Ayfer; Millimet, Daniel L.

2008-01-01

We assess the causal effect of private tutoring on the probability of university placement in Turkey. We find that tutoring increases the probability of being placed in a university when non-random selection is ignored. Moreover, among those utilizing private tutoring, greater expenditure on tutoring is also positively associated with university placement. However, we find evidence of positive selection into tutoring, but negative selection into greater expenditures among those receiving tuto...

Reflexiones sobre el cuidado a partir del programa "Cuidando a los cuidadores"

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Natividad Pinto Afanador

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Los cuidadores familiares experimentan situaciones ignoradas tanto por el actual sistema de seguridad social como por la familia, ya que no cuentan con un servicio oportuno y eficiente para el fortalecimiento de la habilidad de cuidado en casa y el reconocimiento de la labor. Estos aspectos permitieron para enfermería la indagación de algunos aspectos básicos como la caracterización, la importancia de su labor, las necesidades, la calidad de vida y la forma de vivir esa experiencia. El programa “Cuidando a los cuidadores® ” aborda estos aspectos y ha permitido formular algunas sugerencias para las enfermeras que cuidan personas con enfermedad crónica en el ambiente hospitalario y comunitario. Las reflexiones principales apuntan a la identificación de un cuidador hábil que puede desempeñarse tanto en situaciones de enfermedad como de no enfermedad, aplicando así medidas de prevención e intervención.

Autopercepção do estresse em cuidadores de pessoa em sofrimento mental

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Ana Flávia de Oliveira Santos

2012-03-01

Full Text Available O estudo objetivou avaliar a autopercepção do estresse entre familiares cuidadores de pessoa em sofrimento mental. Participaram 54 familiares cuidadores de usuário em tratamento em serviço de saúde mental há pelo menos um ano que residiam juntos. Aplicou-se um roteiro elaborado para esta pesquisa com vista a identificar os dados sociodemográficos e da autopercepção do estresse dos participantes, identificando-se a percepção do cuidador quanto ao estresse e aos fatores desencadeantes. Os resultados foram tratados por meio de estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo segundo frequência de respostas. Dos participantes, 81,5% se perceberam com algum grau de estresse e entre estes, alguns aspectos da convivência com a pessoa em sofrimento mental foram avaliados como os que mais frequentemente contribuíam para esta percepção. Conclui-se que a experiência de cuidador de usuário de serviço de saúde mental é significada como estressante, necessitando apoio, orientação e auxílio em relação ao convívio no ambiente doméstico.

HABILIDADES PARA EL CUIDADO Y DEPRESIÓN EN CUIDADORES DE PACIENTES CON DEMENCIA

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José Hernando Ávila-Toscano

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar relaciones entre lashabilidades para el cuidado (conocimiento, valor y pacienciay depresión en cuidadores de pacientes con demencia. Seevaluaron 32 cuidadores a quienes se les aplicó el Inventariode depresión de Beck y el Caring Ability Inventory. Los datosse analizaron con SPSS 18.0 Statistics empleando el coeficientede correlación de Pearson y un modelo de regresiónlineal de pasos sucesivos. Se obtuvieron promedios elevadosde conocimientos, paciencia y valor, lo cual indica un buenrendimiento de las habilidades para cuidar, mientras que lapresencia de manifestaciones depresivas se halló en el 46.9%de la muestra. Finalmente, se establece que la depresión seasoció más a los cuidadores noveles con poca formación educativay con buen nivel de conocimientos.

Autocuidado do cuidador familiar de adultos ou idosos dependentes após a alta hospitalar

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Sibely Rabaça Dias da Costa

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta uma compreensão sobre o autocuidado do cuidador familiar segundo a teoria de Dorothea Orem. Resulta de uma pesquisa qualitativa com aporte da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, utilizando-se das técnicas de visita domiciliar, registro de notas de campo e entrevista semiestruturada com 11 cuidadores, após a internação de familiar em um Hospital Universitário de Minas Gerais. Foram obtidas quatro categorias, destacando uma categoria central, em torno da qual se analisaram as facilidades, dificuldades e estratégias para o autocuidado do cuidador. Entre as dificuldades, foram evidenciadas: tempo insuficiente para os cuidados com a saúde e, entre as facilidades, o apoio de outros familiares. As principais estratégias foram: apoio na fé; revezamento nos cuidados e recursos na comunidade. Concluiu-se que orientações no momento da alta e o acompanhamento de enfermagem após a alta contribuem para o autocuidado do cuidador, atuando sobre suas dificuldades e estimulando suas potencialidades.

Coaching Tutors: An Instrumental Case Study on Testing an Integrated Framework for Tutoring Sessions

Science.gov (United States)

Holland, Alicia L.; Grant, Chris; Donthamsetty, Reshema

2017-01-01

The objective for the current qualitative case study was to examine participants' perceptions on the tutor coaching and session review frameworks. The location of the study was at the tutor coaches' place of business. At the beginning of the study, tutor coaches were trained on how to implement the tutoring coaching framework with their tutors,…

Peer tutoring for college students with learning disabilities: perceptions of tutors and tutees.

Science.gov (United States)

Vogel, Gila; Fresko, Barbara; Wertheim, Cheruta

2007-01-01

Peer tutoring is a commonly provided support service for students with learning disabilities (LD) in institutions of higher education. A large-scale survey was conducted to evaluate the PERACH peer tutoring project for students with LD at 25 universities, regional colleges, and teacher training colleges in Israel. The purpose of the study was to understand the tutoring process from the point of view of both tutees and tutors with respect to 5 main areas: tutees' needs, focus of tutoring activities, difficulties surrounding the tutoring endeavor, importance of similar study experiences, and satisfaction with the project. It is our supposition that major discrepancies in perceptions are likely to undermine the effectiveness of the tutoring. Similarities and differences in perceptions were identified, and implications that can be useful in guiding service providers are discussed.

Calidad de vida del cuidador familiar y dependencia del paciente con Alzheimer

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LINA MARÍA VARGAS ESCOBAR

2010-06-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del estudio fue establecer la relación entre la calidad de vida del cuidador familiar y el grado de dependencia del paciente con Alzheimer. Es un estudio descriptivo correlacional, de corte transversal, con abordaje cuantitativo. Participaron 192 cuidadores familiares de pacientes con Alzheimer pertenecientes al programa Cuidado a Cuidadores® de la Facultad de Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, la Fundación Acción Familiar Alzheimer Colombia y la Asociación Colombiana de Alzheimer. Se aplicaron el instrumento "Calidad de vida versión familiar" de Betty Ferrell, quien define la calidad de vida desde las dimensiones física, psicológica, social y espiritual, y el Índice de Barthel (IB, que mide el grado de dependencia funcional del paciente. La calidad de vida general de los cuidadores obtuvo una puntuación media. El bienestar físico y espiritual presentó una tendencia positiva, mientras que el bienestar psicológico y social de este grupo poblacional mostró una tendencia negativa con riesgo de alteración a futuro. El grado de dependencia funcional del paciente con Alzheimer se encontró en dependencia total a severa, con mayor compromiso en actividades de aseo y arreglo personal. En el estudio no se encontró correlación estadística entre la calidad de vida y el grado de dependencia del paciente con Alzheimer.

Soporte social percibido en cuidadores familiares de personas en tratamiento contra el cáncer

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Henry Mauricio Puerto Pedraza

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Introducción: El cáncer se reconoce como un problema universal que afecta a las personas de cualquier edad, género, cultura y situación económica, además impone fuertes cargas financieras y sociales para la persona enferma al igual que su familia. El objetivo fue determinar el Soporte social percibido en enfermedad crónica en los cuidadores familiares de personas en tratamiento contra el cáncer. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, se entrevistaron 75 cuidadores familiares de personas en tratamiento contra el cáncer a los cuales se les aplicó el instrumento "Soporte social percibido en enfermedad crónica". El análisis se realizó mediante estadística descriptiva y estratificación de la escala Soporte social percibido. Resultados: Los cuidadores familiares son en mayoría mujeres de estratos socioeconómicos 1 y 2, de escolaridad primaria incompleta el (37,3%, en relación al estado civil se informó estar casados o en unión libre (66,7%, de ocupación hogar (50,7%, con una mediana de 18 horas de cuidado. Los cuidadores familiares presentan una percepción media del soporte social percibido de (36%. Las subescalas del instrumento reportan puntajes medios en la interacción personal (42,7%, guía (40%, retroalimentación (41,3% ayuda tangible (28%, interacción social (45,3%. Discusión: Se hace necesario abordar el soporte social desde una perspectiva holística donde las interrelaciones de salud física, emocional, funcionamiento familiar y social respondan a las necesidades de los cuidadores familiares. Conclusiones: El soporte social es conocido por ser la fuerza más grande y poderosa que facilita el éxito cuando una persona y su cuidador se ven amenazadas por el cáncer. Cómo citar este artículo: Puerto HM. Soporte social percibido en cuidadores familiares de personas en tratamiento contra el cáncer. Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(1:1407-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i1.345

Resiliencia del cuidador primario y mejoría clínica de personas con enfermedad mental en cuidado domiciliario

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Yamileth Castaño-Mora

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El cuidador es la persona que asume la responsabilidad de cuidar al familiar enfermo. Estudios identifican la influencia que la condición de trastorno mental o física de un familiar, ejerce sobre la vida del cuidador. Propósito: Contribuir con la generación de conocimiento de Enfermería que permita la aplicación de propuestas de intervención dirigidas a la persona con trastorno mental y su cuidador, desde la promoción de la resiliencia. Pregunta de investigación : ¿Existe relación entre la resiliencia del cuidador primario y la mejoría clínica de la persona con trastorno mental? Objetivo: Establecer la relación entre la resiliencia del cuidador primario y la mejoría clínica evidenciada a través del número de reingresos hospitalarios de la persona con trastorno mental. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, corre - lacional y transversal. Hallazgos: El 79% de los adscritos al programa no presentaron reingresos hospitalarios y 50% de los cuidadores, mostraron elevado nivel de resiliencia, a partir de las características personales de confianza y confort consigo mismo. El cuidado se delega principalmente en mujeres adultas mayores, sin formación ni relevo respecto del rol; los cuidadores con mayor resiliencia valoran de forma positiva el estrés producto del cuidar. Conclusión: La mitad de los cuidadores participantes desarrollaron niveles elevados de resiliencia, no se encontró significancia en la relación de la resiliencia con la mejoría clínica, medida a través del número de reingresos hospitalarios de las personas con trastorno mental.

Ansiedade e necessidades dos cuidadores de crianças com e sem deficiência La ansiedad y las necesidades de los cuidadores de niños con y sin discapacidad Anxiety and needs of caregivers of disabled and non-disabled children

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Cátia Priscila Lemos Fernandes

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: comparar os níveis de ansiedade dos cuidadores de crianças com deficiência com os dos cuidadores de crianças sem deficiência e conhecer o papel do enfermeiro no auxílio do cuidado das crianças, na opinião dos cuidadores. Enquadramento: os cuidadores das crianças com deficiência possuem responsabilidades na gestão da condição crónica da criança. A prestação desses cuidados pode ser prejudicial para a saúde física e bem-estar psicológico (King et al., 1999. Metodologia: estudo quantitativo, com amostra do tipo não probabilística por conveniência, constituída por 56 indivíduos. Os dados foram recolhidos através de dois questionários constituídos por características sociodemográficas da amostra, grau de capacidade da criança deficiente, escala de avaliação do apoio social à família, questionário relativo às dificuldades e necessidades das famílias e STAI. Resultados: os cuidadores de crianças com deficiência apresentam maiores níveis de ansiedade-estado e traço relativamente aos outros cuidadores. A idade da criança é preditiva de ansiedade. O enfermeiro pode ajudar os cuidadores de crianças com deficiência demonstrando mais carinho e paciência na sua intervenção. Conclusão: o enfermeiro deve desenvolver iniciativas nos cuidados domiciliários, apoiando e informando os cuidadores para uma melhor prestação de cuidados, aliviando a sua sobrecarga. Assim, o desafio será diminuir a sobrecarga do cuidador.Objetivos: comparar los niveles de ansiedad de los cuidadores de niños con discapacidad con aquellos de los cuidadores de niños sin discapacidad y conocer el papel de la enfermera en el auxilio del cuidado de los niños, según la opinión de los cuidadores. Introducción: los cuidadores de niños con discapacidad tienen responsabilidades en la gestión de la condición crónica de la enfermedad del niño. La prestación de dichos cuidado puede ser perjudicial a la salud física y el

Intervención educativa en cuidadores de adultos mayores encamados en el hogar

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Jorge Luis Pérez Manzano

2014-12-01

Full Text Available El envejecimiento poblacional es un fenómeno ya en curso y hacerle frente es una necesidad del país, a fin de garantizar una mayor calidad de vida a los ancianos. El papel de las familias en la educación de los más jóvenes, y de toda la sociedad, en el cuidado de los adultos mayores es esencial. Se realizó un estudio cuasi experimental de intervención educativa en cuidadores de ancianos encamados en el domicilio, pertenecientes a los consultorios médicos 28 y 134, del área de salud del policlínico “Guillermo Tejas”, Las Tunas, Cuba; entre enero de 2012 y marzo de 2013, con la finalidad de implementar una estrategia educativa sobre cuidados del anciano encamado en el hogar. El universo estuvo constituido por los cuidadores en los consultorios antes mencionados, la muestra quedó formada por 23 de estos, a los que se les impartió un programa de clases durante cinco sesiones, comprobándose los conocimientos antes y a los tres meses de comenzada la intervención. Predominaron en el estudio los cuidadores comprendidos entre 31 y 40 años de edad, del sexo femenino y con escolaridad de secundaria básica terminada. Antes de la intervención los conocimientos que tenían los cuidadores estudiados eran insuficientes, predominando las necesidades de conocimientos relacionados con la dieta, los ejercicios, tratamiento médico y las medidas de prevención de las complicaciones. Se logró modificar los conocimientos de los cuidadores de ancianos encamados y así mejorar la calidad de vida de estos pacientes

AutoTutor and Family: A Review of 17 Years of Natural Language Tutoring

Science.gov (United States)

Nye, Benjamin D.; Graesser, Arthur C.; Hu, Xiangen

2014-01-01

AutoTutor is a natural language tutoring system that has produced learning gains across multiple domains (e.g., computer literacy, physics, critical thinking). In this paper, we review the development, key research findings, and systems that have evolved from AutoTutor. First, the rationale for developing AutoTutor is outlined and the advantages…

Análisis de las prestaciones sociosanitarias en los cuidadores familiares de enfermos de Alzheimer

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María Dolores Ruiz Fernández

2014-08-01

Full Text Available La demencia tipo Alzheimer constituye uno de los principales problemas de salud, debido a la discapacidad y dependencia que produce. Con la implementación de la ley 39/2006, se intenta dar respuesta a las necesidades, mediante un catálogo de servicios y recursos sociosanitarios de apoyo a los enfermos y a sus familiares. Para conocer el perfil de los beneficiarios de esas ayudas, teniendo en cuenta el conocimiento de los cuidadores, la fase y el nivel de dependencia, se realizó un estudio con 255 cuidadores/as familiares de personas diagnosticadas con demencia tipo Alzheimer. Los resultados muestran que, los cuidadores con conocimiento de la enfermedad y las personas que se encuentran en una fase más avanzada, son los que más recursos utilizan. En concreto, los cuidadores con conocimientos, utilizaron en mayor medida el respiro familiar, y los cuidadores en fase leve de la enfermedad son los que disfrutan mayoritariamente de los servicios de voluntariado y de ayuda a domicilio, mientras que en fases más avanzadas son beneficiarios del centro de día y de la prestación económica a cargo del familiar. Finalmente, destacar que el servicio de voluntariado se utiliza por los sujetos con menor nivel de dependencia, mientras que los más dependientes son los que más usan la prestación económica

Tutoring executives online

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bignoux, Stephane; Sund, Kristian J.

2018-01-01

Studies of learning and student satisfaction in the context of online university programmes have largely neglected programmes catering specifically to business executives. Such executives have typically been away from higher education for a number of years, and have collected substantial practical...... experience in the subject matters they are taught. Their expectations in terms of both content and delivery may therefore be different from non-executive students. We explore perceptions of the quality of tutoring in the context of an online executive MBA programme through participant interviews. We find...... that in addition to some of the tutor behaviours already discussed in the literature, executive students look specifically for practical industry knowledge and experience in tutors, when judging how effective a tutor is. This has implications for both the recruitment and training of online executive MBA tutors....

Tutoring Executives Online

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bignoux, Stephane; Sund, Kristian J.

2016-01-01

Studies of learning and student satisfaction in the context of online university programs have largely neglected programs catering specifically to business executives. Such executives have typically been away from higher education for a number of years, and have collected substantial practical...... experience in the subject matters they are taught. Their expectations in terms of both content and delivery may therefore be different from non-executive students. We explore perceptions of the quality of tutoring in the context of an online executive MBA program through participant interviews. We find...... that in addition to some of the tutor behaviors already discussed in the literature, executive students look specifically for practical industry knowledge and experience in tutors, when judging how effective a tutor is. This has implications for both the recruitment and training of online executive MBA tutors....

Teaching the Teacher: Tutoring SimStudent Leads to More Effective Cognitive Tutor Authoring

Science.gov (United States)

Matsuda, Noboru; Cohen, William W.; Koedinger, Kenneth R.

2015-01-01

SimStudent is a machine-learning agent initially developed to help novice authors to create cognitive tutors without heavy programming. Integrated into an existing suite of software tools called Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT), SimStudent helps authors to create an expert model for a cognitive tutor by tutoring SimStudent on how to solve…

EarthTutor: An Interactive Intelligent Tutoring System for Remote Sensing

Science.gov (United States)

Bell, A. M.; Parton, K.; Smith, E.

2005-12-01

Earth science classes in colleges and high schools use a variety of satellite image processing software to teach earth science and remote sensing principles. However, current tutorials for image processing software are often paper-based or lecture-based and do not take advantage of the full potential of the computer context to teach, immerse, and stimulate students. We present EarthTutor, an adaptive, interactive Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) being built for NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) that is integrated directly with an image processing application. The system aims to foster the use of satellite imagery in classrooms and encourage inquiry-based, hands-on earth science scientific study by providing students with an engaging imagery analysis learning environment. EarthTutor's software is available as a plug-in to ImageJ, a free image processing system developed by the NIH (National Institute of Health). Since it is written in Java, it can be run on almost any platform and also as an applet from the Web. Labs developed for EarthTutor combine lesson content (such as HTML web pages) with interactive activities and questions. In each lab the student learns to measure, calibrate, color, slice, plot and otherwise process and analyze earth science imagery. During the activities, EarthTutor monitors students closely as they work, which allows it to provide immediate feedback that is customized to a particular student's needs. As the student moves through the labs, EarthTutor assesses the student, and tailors the presentation of the content to a student's demonstrated skill level. EarthTutor's adaptive approach is based on emerging Artificial Intelligence (AI) research. Bayesian networks are employed to model a student's proficiency with different earth science and image processing concepts. Agent behaviors are used to track the student's progress through activities and provide guidance when a student encounters difficulty. Through individual

Qualidade de vida de cuidadores de idosos com doença de Alzheimer Calidad de vida de cuidadores de ancianos con enfermedad de Alzheimer Quality of life among caregivers of elders with Alzheimer's disease

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Meiry Fernanda Pinto

2009-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade de vida de cuidadores de idosos com doença de Alzheimer e relacioná-la ao Índice de Katz dos pacientes e ao escore do Inventário de Depressão de Beck dos cuidadores. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi desenvolvido no Núcleo de Envelhecimento Cerebral da Universidade Federal de São Paulo/ Hospital São Paulo. A amostra foi constituída, respectivamente, por 118 cuidadores e seus pacientes com doença de Alzheimer (DA. As informações coletadas nos prontuários dos pacientes foram sociodemográficas e mórbidas, Índice de Katz e Miniexame de estado mental (MEEM. Os dados do cuidador, obtidos por questionários, foram sociodemográficos e mórbidos , o SF - 36 e o Inventário de Depressão de Beck (IDB. RESULTADOS: Os escores mais comprometidos do SF -36 dos cuidadores foram: vitalidade (56,8 e os físicos e emocionais com 58,1, respectivamente. Houve correlação negativa entre o IDB do cuidador e o índice de Katz dos pacientes; entre o SF - 36 e o IDB e as correlações positivas entre os escores do SF -36 e Índice de Katz e entre os domínios deste índice e os escores do MEEM. CONCLUSÃO: A qualidade de vida dos cuidadores de pacientes com DA mostrou-se alterada, podendo comprometer os cuidados por eles prestados e, evidenciou piora quando a capacidade funcional do idoso esteve mais comprometida.OBJETIVO: Evaluar la calidad de vida de cuidadores de ancianos con enfermedad de Alzheimer y relacionarla al Índice de Katz de los pacientes y al escore del Inventario de Depresión de Beck de los cuidadores. MÉTODOS: El estudio fue desarrollado en el Núcleo de Envejecimiento Cerebral de la Universidad Federal de Sao Paulo/ Hospital Sao Paulo. La muestra estuvo constituída, respectivamente, por 118 cuidadores y sus pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer (DA. Las informaciones recolectadas en las historias clínicas de los pacientes fueron sociodemográficas y mórbidas, Índice de Katz y Mini examen del estado mental

Quality of Life of Caretakers of Adults who Have Suffered a Stroke Calidad de vida de cuidadores de adultos con accidente cerebrovascular Qualidade de vida de cuidadores de adultos com acidente cerebrovascular

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HERRERA LIÁN ARLETH

2010-10-01

Full Text Available

Objective: To describe the quality of life of family caretakers of adults with sequelae of cerebrovascular stroke accident in Cartagena, Colombia.

Method: quantitative descriptive study conducted during the second half of 2008. Non-probabilistic convenience sample of 97 caregivers. The instrument proposed by Ferrell et al has been used. In order to assess each of the welfare indicators which make up for the quality of life, central trend measures and variation coefficient have been used.

Results: the caretaker group registered a fitness average of 11.1 compared to the maximum score, which indicates the worst health status; psychological and social indicators of welfare had averages of 48.8 and 21.9, respectively, showing thus less impact. The best health status was found in spiritual welfare indicators, with an average of 22.6.

Conclusions: The experience of working as a caretaker significantly modifies the quality of life of individuals. Caretakers, as an important source of informal care, require support from health systems and so do professionals in nursing as parts of said health systems.

O impacto da doença de Alzheimer no cuidador El impacto de la enfermedad de Alzheimer en el cuidador Alzheimer disease: its impact on the health care nurse

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Marília da Nova Cruz

2008-06-01

Full Text Available O crescimento da população idosa é um fenômeno mundial. Em 2025 o Brasil será o 6º país do mundo quanto ao contingente de idosos. Concomitantemente com o aumento da população idosa ocorre o aumento das doenças crônico-degenerativas, como a Doença de Alzheimer (DA. A DA é caracterizada por um declínio progressivo nas áreas de cognição, função e comportamento. À medida que a doença progride surge a demanda por cuidados especiais, função importante desempenhada pelos cuidadores. Pesquisas têm evidenciado que o declínio do paciente e suas demandas específicas são fatores importantes de estresse para o cuidador. Estes apresentam altos índices de sintomas psiquiátricos - especialmente a depressão -, prejuízos no sistema imunológico, assim como altos índices de conflitos familiares. Outros estudos sugerem que altos índices de sobrecarga e impacto no cuidador estão associados à institucionalização do paciente. O presente estudo de revisão tem por objetivo levantar os principais aspectos determinantes do impacto no cuidador de pacientes com DA.El crecimiento de la población anciana es un fenómeno mundial. En 2025 Brasil será el 6º país del mundo cuanto al contingente de ancianos. Concomitantemente con el aumento de la población anciana ocurre el aumento de las enfermedades crónico-degenerativas, como la Enfermedad de Alzheimer (DA. La EA es caracterizada por un declino progresivo en las áreas de cognición, función y comportamiento. A la medida que la enfermedad avanza surge la demanda por cuidados especiales, función importante desempeñada por los cuidadores. Pesquisas han evidenciado que el declino del paciente y sus demandas específicas son factores importantes de estrese para el cuidador. Estos presentan altos índices de síntomas psiquiátricos - especialmente la depresión -, perjuicio en el sistema inmunológico, así como altos índices de conflictos familiares. Otros estudios sugieren que altos

Entrevista motivacional no suporte social de cuidadores de pacientes com câncer de mama em quimioterapia

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Carla Monique Lopes Mourão

2017-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da entrevista motivacional para mudança de comportamento de suporte social junto a cuidadores de pacientes com câncer de mama em quimioterapia. Método: Estudo quase experimental, realizado com mulheres em quimioterapia para câncer de mama e com os cuidadores das respectivas mulheres entrevistadas. A intervenção foi a Entrevista Motivacional Breve, aplicada aos cuidadores indicados pelas pacientes em quatro sessões individuais, com intervalos semanais e duração de 30 minutos cada. O comportamento de suporte social foi avaliado pelas mulheres antes e depois da intervenção pela Escala de Suporte Social. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 18 mulheres e 18 cuidadores. O suporte social das mulheres se mostrou elevado tanto para a dimensão emocional quanto para a instrumental da Escala de Suporte Social, após intervenção utilizada com os cuidadores pela Entrevista Motivacional Breve. Os achados contribuem para a prática clínica de diversas categorias profissionais, na utilização de estratégias de intervenção de baixo custo para melhoria da qualidade de vida durante e após o tratamento de mulheres com câncer de mama. Conclusão: A intervenção utilizada promoveu de forma positiva a mudança comportamental, melhorando o suporte social prestado pelos cuidadores às pacientes com câncer de mama e em realização de quimioterapia.

PERCEPÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE VIDA DOS CUIDADORES DE OCTOGENÁRIOS

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Camila Alves Nogueira

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo fue investigar la percepción de cuidadores de octogenarios acerca de la calidad de vida y aspectos de la vida que más afectan esa calidad. Estudio transversal, descriptivo y cuantitativo, llevado a cabo en 2010 con 52 sujetos, en las unidades de salud de la familia de Campina Grande-PB, Brasil, que respondieron un cuestionario socio-demográfico y el WHOQOL-bref, siendo el análisis efectuado a través del SPSS. El escore total del WHOQOL-bref fue 52,26 pontos. Los aspectos mas comprometidos fueron: vida sexual (94,3%, sentimientos (67,4%, dolor (65,5% y diversión (53,8%; los menos comprometidos fueron: vivienda (82,8%, energía (78,9%, apariencia física (78,9% y relaciones personales (76,9%. La percepción de los cuidadores de octogenarios, acerca de la calidad de vida es marcada por la insatisfacción, lo que lleva a creer que las actividades del atención pueden repercutir negativamente en la vida de los cuidadores.

Cuidadores Principais Ante a Experiência da Morte: Seus Sentidos e Significados

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Carolina Peres de Lima

Full Text Available Resumo O presente trabalho teve como objetivo compreender os sentidos e significados atribuídos pelos cuidadores principais à experiência de acompanhamento de pacientes com câncer em Cuidados ao Fim de Vida. Com este intuito, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória, utilizando a observação participante como recurso metodológico. A análise de conteúdo foi utilizada como método de avaliação dos resultados, no qual a Teoria Existencialista de Viktor Frankl e a literatura contemporânea sobre Cuidados Paliativos serviram de substrato teórico à compreensão da temática em questão. Após a análise do diário de campo, foram extraídas cinco categorias temáticas: A espiritualidade atribuindo sentido à experiência; O tempo de espera; Morte como alívio do sofrimento; Revisão da história de vida; Incerteza quanto ao futuro. Foi possível perceber reações e sentimentos expostos pelos cuidadores, que, apesar do esgotamento físico e emocional, desejavam permanecer ao lado de seu familiar até sua morte. Entendemos que a comunicação da equipe ao cuidador sobre a aproximação da morte pode contribuir para o processo de elaboração psíquica desta vivência. A compreensão da experiência subjetiva do cuidador viabiliza uma abordagem efetiva da equipe às reais necessidades de cuidado do familiar.

Quality of life and stress in caregivers of drug-addicted people Evaluación de la calidad de vida sobrecarga en los cuidadores de química dependientes Qualidade de vida e sobrecarga de cuidados em cuidadores de dependentes químicos

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Samira Reschetti Marcon

2012-01-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To evaluate quality of life and presence of stress in caregivers of drug-addicted people. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out at four Psychosocial Care Centers in Mato Grosso. Demographic and quality of life data were collected for 109 caregivers using the Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short-form, depression symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory and stress of caregivers (Caregiver Burden Scale. RESULTS: Of 109 caregivers, 55.9% were mothers with a mean age of 47.66 years; 23.8% had depressive symptoms. The SF36 scores most compromised were emotional aspects, vitality, pain and mental health. Mean stress among caregivers was 2.24. A significant correlation in quality of life, depression and stress of caregivers was seen. CONCLUSION: Findings confirmed that quality of life is compromised and stress is high among caregivers, highlighting the need for providing emotional support.OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la calidad de vida y la presencia de sobrecarga de cuidados en cuidadores de dependientes químicos. MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio de corte transversal, realizado en cuatro Centros de Atención Psicosocial de Mato Grosso, con 109 cuidadores. Fueron recolectados datos sociodemográficos, de calidad de vida por medio del Medical Outcomes Studies 36 - Item Short-Form, síntomas de depresión (Inventario de Depresión de Beck y sobrecarga del cuidador (Caregiver Burden Scale. RESULTADOS: De los 109 cuidadores, 55,9% eran madres, con edad promedio de 47,66 años y 23,8% presentaron síntomas depresivos. Los scores del SF36 más comprometidos fueron: aspectos emocionales, vitalidad, dolor y salud mental. El promedio general de la sobrecarga entre los cuidadores fue de 2,24. Hubo correlación significativa en las dimensiones de la calidad de vida, presencia de depresión y sobrecarga de cuidado. CONCLUSIÓN: Los hallazgos confirmaron el compromiso de la calidad de vida y alta sobrecarga de cuidado que evidencian la necesidad de

Quality of life and depressive symptoms among caregivers and drug dependent people Calidad de vida y los síntomas depresivos en cuidadores y los adictos a las drogas Qualidade de vida e sintomas depressivos entre cuidadores e dependentes de drogas

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Samira Reschetti Marcon

2012-02-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life and the presence of depressive symptoms among the caregivers and drug dependent people of the CAPSad. This is a cross-sectional study, with 109 users of four Psychosocial Care Centers for alcohol and other drugs of Mato Grosso and their caregivers, using the instruments: Medical Outcomes Studies 36 (SF-36, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI and a sociodemographic variables questionnaire. The QoL of the caregivers in the domains functional capacity, physical aspect, pain and vitality were more affected when compared to the users. A strong correlation between QoL and depressive symptoms was found in both groups. The comparisons performed demonstrate a compromise in the quality of life of both, with the group of caregivers most affected, confirming the situation of drug dependence as an important factor in the perception of the caregiver regarding their quality of life.Este estudio tuvo por objetivo evaluar la calidad de vida y los síntomas depresivos en cuidadores y adictos a drogas. Se trata de un estudio transversal en 109 usuarios y sus cuidadores en cuatro Centros de Atención Psicosocial de alcohol y otras drogas en el estado de Mato Grosso. Se aplicaron los instrumentos: Medical Outcomes Studies 36 (SF-36, Inventario de Depresión de Beck (BDI y sociodemográficos. Se encontró que la calidad de vida de los cuidadores en los dominios de funcionamiento físico, dolor y vitalidad fueron más afectados en comparación a los usuarios. Se obtuvo una fuerte correlación entre la calidad de vida y los síntomas depresivos en ambos grupos. Las comparaciones demuestran que la calidad de vida del cuidador y del usuario están comprometidas, siendo que la más afectada corresponde al grupo de cuidadores, lo que confirma la situación de la dependencia de drogas como un actor importante en la percepción del cuidador sobre su calidad de vida.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade de vida e

Peer tutoring in a medical school: perceptions of tutors and tutees.

Science.gov (United States)

Burgess, Annette; Dornan, Tim; Clarke, Antonia J; Menezes, Audrey; Mellis, Craig

2016-03-08

Peer tutoring has been described as "people from similar social groupings who are not professional teachers helping each other to learn and learning themselves by teaching". Peer tutoring is well accepted as a source of support in many medical curricula, where participation and learning involve a process of socialisation. Peer tutoring can ease the transition of the junior students from the university class environment to the hospital workplace. In this paper, we apply the Experienced Based Learning (ExBL) model to explore medical students' perceptions of their experience of taking part in a newly established peer tutoring program at a hospital based clinical school. In 2014, all students at Sydney Medical School - Central, located at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital were invited to voluntarily participate in the peer tutoring program. Year 3 students (n = 46) were invited to act as tutors for Year 1 students (n = 50), and Year 4 students (n = 60) were invited to act as tutors for Year 2 students (n = 51). Similarly, the 'tutees' were invited to take part on a voluntary basis. Students were invited to attend focus groups, which were held at the end of the program. Framework analysis was used to code and categorise data into themes. In total, 108/207 (52 %) students participated in the program. A total of 42/106 (40 %) of Year 3 and 4 students took part as tutors; and of 66/101 (65 %) of Year 1 and 2 students took part as tutees. Five focus groups were held, with 50/108 (46 %) of students voluntarily participating. Senior students (tutors) valued the opportunity to practice and improve their medical knowledge and teaching skills. Junior students (tutees) valued the opportunity for additional practice and patient interaction, within a relaxed, small group learning environment. Students perceived the peer tutoring program as affording opportunities not otherwise available within the curriculum. The peer teaching program provided a framework within the

Tutoring Online Tutors: Using Digital Badges to Encourage the Development of Online Tutoring Skills

Science.gov (United States)

Hrastinski, Stefan; Cleveland-Innes, Martha; Stenbom, Stefan

2018-01-01

Online tutors play a critical role in e-learning and need to have an appropriate set of skills in addition to subject matter expertise. This paper explores how digital badges can be used to encourage the development of online tutoring skills. Based on previous research, we defined three digital badges, which are examples of essential tutoring…

Overwork and health issues self-referred by caregivers of elderly Sobrecarga e problemas de saúde autorreferidos por cuidadores de idosos

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Ilanna Cibele Delgado de Araújo Fonsêca

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: verificar a sobrecarga do cuidador de idosos e identificar os problemas de saúde autorreferidos pelos cuidadores de idosos. Método: trata-se de estudo de natureza quantitativa, observacional e transversal, desenvolvida no município de João Pessoa. A população-alvo foi composta por 251 cuidadores de idosos, atendidos na atenção básica. Após análise da consistência dos dados coletados a amostra foi constituída por 219. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante entrevista aos cuidadores nos serviços de atenção básica CAIS e CAISI do referido município, no período de abril a junho de 2011, utilizando a escala de sobrecarga Burden Interview e a escala de problemas de saúde autorreferidos (Self reporting questionnaire. Os dados foram transportados para o Programa SPSS, onde foi realizada a análise estatística dos mesmos. Resultados: pôde-se evidenciar que 50,7% dos cuidadores apresentaram sobrecarga, dentre eles, 81,8%, sobrecarga moderada a leve, 15,4%, moderada a severa e 2,8%, intensa. Quanto aos problemas de saúde dos cuidadores, apenas um foi autorreferidos com alta frequência. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os cuidadores requerem implementação de ações cuidativas, de modo a acolher suas angústias e a minimiza as suas sobrecargas, contribuindo, nesse sentido, para melhorias da qualidade de vida dos mesmos. Descritores: Enfermagem, Idoso, Cuidador, Sobrecarga, Atenção básica.

Características de los cuidadores de personas en situación de cronicidad. Cartagena (Colombia. Un estudio comparativo

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Amparo Montalvo Prieto

2008-01-01

Conclusiones: Se encontró heterogeneidad entre las características de los cuidadores de personas que conviven con el virus del VIH y los tres grupos de cuidadores restantes en la ciudad de Cartagena.

Calidad de vida en cuidadores informales de personas con enfermedades crónicas

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José Hernando Ávila-Toscano

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: evaluar la calidad de vida de cuidadores informales de personas que viven en situación de enfermedad crónica determi- nando si la misma se relaciona con las características sociodemográficas de los participantes. Materiales y métodos: se evaluaron 127 cuidadores informales residentes en Montería (Córdoba, Colombia, durante el segundo semestre de 2012, por medio de un diseño ex post facto con el cuestionario WHOQOL-Bref de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS. Para la evaluación de calidad de vida se conside- raron cuatro dominios: a salud física, b salud psicológica, c relaciones sociales y d medioambiente. Los datos se analizaron con SPSS 18,0 aplicando chi cuadrado de Pearson y pruebas de diferencias entre grupos. Resultados: se observaron bajos niveles de salud física y psicológica, deterioro de los procesos de participación social y niveles moderados de interacción con el medioambiente. Condiciones como el género del cuidador, su ocupación y la relación con el paciente tuvieron una correspondencia significativa (p < 0,05 con la calidad de vida en relación con los dominios de medioambiente, vida social y salud psicológica. Conclusiones: los cuidadores informales presentan un deterioro general de su calidad de vida con déficit marcado en la esfera relacional.

Perceptions of Tutoring Roles and Psychological Distance among Instructors, Tutors and Students at a Korean University

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Hye-Jung; Hong, Youngil; Choi, Hyoseon

2017-01-01

This study explores issues related to the tutor's role when initiating tutoring as an institutional strategy at a conventional university. Based on a pilot tutoring program implemented in four college courses, we investigated the perceptions of instructors, tutors and students regarding the role of tutoring and whether it affected the…

Estudos nacionais sobre cuidadores familiares de idosos: revisão integrativa Estudios nacionales sobre los cuidadores familiares de las personas mayores: revisión integradora National studies on family caregivers of older persons: integrative review

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Déborah Cristina Oliveira

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da produção científica brasileira sobre cuidador familiar do idoso, que buscou evidenciar o perfil dos trabalhos publicados em âmbito nacional e internacional, no período de janeiro de 2005 a setembro de 2010, indexados nas bases de dados MEDLINE, CINAHL e LILACS. Foram encontrados 76 trabalhos, publicados em português, espanhol ou inglês. Vinte e cinco artigos foram selecionados, sendo a maioria publicada em 2009, em periódicos de enfermagem e saúde pública. A amostra foi dividida em temáticas, de acordo com a abordagem do tema: "a construção do papel do cuidador", "qualidade de vida e sobrecarga de trabalho" e "conhecimento do cuidador sobre os aspectos envolvidos no cuidado". Os autores encontraram grandes índices de sobrecarga, piora significativa da qualidade de vida do cuidador, falta de apoio aos cuidadores, falta de informação e preparo para o cuidado, bem como falta de instrumentalização e estudos dentro desta temática.Se trata de una revisión integradora de la producción científica nacional sobre los cuidadores familiares de personas mayores, que tenía por objeto poner de relieve el perfil de los artículos publicados en nacionales e internacionales, entre enero de 2005 septiembre de 2010, indexados en MEDLINE, CINAHL y LILACS. Que se encuentran 76 estudios, publicados en portugués, español o inglés. Treinta artículos fueron seleccionados, la mayoría de ellos publicados en 2009 en periódicos de enfermería y salud pública. La muestra fue dividida en temas, de acuerdo con el tema "" la construcción del rol de cuidador "," calidad de vida y la sobrecarga de trabajo "y " el conocimiento médico sobre las cuestiones implicadas en la atención. "Los autores encontraron altos niveles de sobrecarga, un deterioro significativo de la calidad de vida de los cuidadores, la falta de apoyo para los cuidadores, la falta de información y preparación para la atención y la falta de

The Perceived Success of Tutoring Students with Learning Disabilities: Relations to Tutee and Tutoring Variables

Science.gov (United States)

Michael, Rinat

2016-01-01

The current study examined the contribution of two types of variables to the perceived success of a tutoring project for college students with learning disabilities (LD): tutoring-related variables (the degree of engagement in different tutoring activities and difficulties encountered during tutoring), and tutee-related variables (learning…

La experiencia de sufrimiento en cuidadores principales de pacientes con dolor oncológico y no oncológico

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ALICIA KRIKORIAN D

2010-06-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de la investigación es describir la experiencia de sufrimiento de los cuidadores informales de pacientes con dolor oncológico y no oncológico de tres instituciones de salud de Medellín. Es una investigación cualitativa de tipo fenomenológico. La muestra estuvo conformada por 16 cuidadores de pacientes con dolor oncológico y no oncológico. La información se recolectó a través de una entrevista semiestructurada y se cuantificó el nivel de sufrimiento por medio del termómetro emocional como complemento al enfoque cualitativo. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron por medio de categorías y perfiles previamente definidos, lo cual dio cuenta del significado, el nivel y los factores de sufrimiento más comunes en los cuidadores entrevistados. Los resultados evidenciaron que la mayoría de los cuidadores experimentaron altos niveles de sufrimiento. Reportaron sentimientos de tristeza y satisfacción contradictoriamente. En la esfera cognitiva, asociaron el sufrimiento con dolor y con el hacer bien su actividad; y en el área conductual, refirieron que el sufrimiento se relacionaba con la dificultad para el control de los síntomas físicos del paciente, y con el aplazamiento de actividades propias de su vida. En conclusión, el apoyo psicosocial recibido por los cuidadores no fue percibido como factor protector para la disminución del sufrimiento; el tipo de dolor estaba relacionado con la experiencia de sufrimiento y el rol de cuidadores, quienes en su mayoría eran mujeres cuidadoras de pacientes con dolor oncológico. Los cuidadores entrevistados estaban en riesgo de presentar Burnout debido a las múltiples demandas propias de su rol.

La sobrecarga de los cuidadores informales de personas mayores dependientes en Medina del Campo

OpenAIRE

Archiles Diez, Eva

2016-01-01

Los cuidadores informales de personas mayores dependientes constituyen un capital social de vital importancia. El hecho de cuidar a un familiar mayor dependiente, es un fenómeno cada vez más extendido que se está convirtiendo en una experiencia común en la vida familiar de muchas personas, por ello estos cuidadores suponen un capital social de enorme importancia. Este capital social, permite que las personas mayores dependientes que permanecen en el domicilio, puedan disfrutar de un nivel de ...

Desarrollo de un programa psicoeducativo en inteligencia emocional para cuidadores principales de enfermos de Alzheimer

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Esther Sitges Maciá

2014-12-01

Full Text Available A comienzos del año 2000 se dieron los primeros pasos en la constatación empírica de los efectos beneficiosos de la Inteligencia Emocional (IE sobre las personas. Sin embargo, y a pesar de estudiarse los beneficios de este constructo en diversos ámbitos como el educativo, el laboral o el de la salud, no existen demasiados trabajos centrados en el estudio que la IE pude tener sobre las habilidades sociales de los Cuidadores de Enfermos de Alzheimer. En el presente trabajo se evalúan las Habilidades Sociales y la IE de los cuidadores de enfermos de Alzheimer. Se realiza una intervención psicoeducativa a 21 cuidadores informales de enfermos de Alzheimer con un grupo experimental y un grupo control de las asociaciones de enfermos de Alzheimer de Alicante y Elche. Tras la intervención, se observa que los niveles de IE emocional en el grupo experimental se han mantenido. Los cuidadores verbalizaban una mejora tras la intervención. Creemos que los resultados son buenos como estudio preliminar y que sería interesante ampliar tanto el número de horas del taller como el de sujetos para poder generalizar los resultadosobtenidos.

Efectividad de un programa en la carga de cuidado para cuidadores familiares en tres grupos culturalmente diversos

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Yenny Marcela Barreto Zorza

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Introducción: El envejecimiento poblacional dado por la transición demográfica y epidemiológica, repercute en la dependencia de las actividades de la vida diaria de los adultos mayores, requiriendo de manera constante los cuidados de personas denominadas “cuidadores”, en quienes se genera una carga que afecta su salud física y mental. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de un programa en la carga de cuidado para cuidadores familiares en tres grupos culturalmente diversos. Metodología: Investigación cuantitativa, de tipo analítico, a partir de los resultados de tres estudios cuasiexperimentales de grupos de cuidadores familiares de personas ancianas dependientes funcionalmente. Participaron 88 cuidadores de tres municipios: Bogotá, Cáqueza y Guapi, en un Programa educativo con acciones de cuidado adaptadas culturalmente. La información se recolectó con la Escala de carga de Zarit, antes y después de la implementación del programa, se realizó un análisis con prueba de rango signado de Wilcoxon en cada uno de los tres grupos. Se consideró aspectos éticos. Resultados: El programa educativo para cuidadoras familiares tuvo un efecto estadísticamente significativo en la carga de cuidado de los cuidadores de Cáqueza (valor p 0.014, posiblemente porque el programa responde a una de las necesidades prioritarias de estos cuidadores que es el cuidado de sí mismos, contrario al encontrado en Bogotá y Guapi. Lo que sugiere continuar estudios con programas a cuidadores con perspectiva cultural. Conclusión: El logro de resultados estadísticamente significativos en las cuidadoras de Cáqueza sugiere que ellas cuentan con una mejor red de apoyo familiar y vecinal, por eso asumen la asistencia al programa con mayor dedicación, integralidad y disposición de tiempo.

Competências do cuidador informal atribuídas pelos enfermeiros comunitários: um estudo Delphi

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Maria Assunção Almeida Nogueira

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar as competências que um cuidador informal deve possuir para cuidar, em domicílio, de pessoas com dependência. Trata-se de estudo exploratório-descritivo, realizado com enfermeiros de Centros de Saúde no Norte de Portugal, que recorreu ao método Delphi, com dois rounds, usando questionários para o efeito. Foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo no primeiro round de Delphi, confirmando-se uma complexidade de fatores que condicionam as competências dos cuidadores no cuidar de um doente com dependência no domicílio. Com recurso de análise estatística, no segundo round, os indicadores de competências cognitivas, psicomotoras e relacionais obtiveram níveis de concordância excelentes. Foi reconhecida como fundamental a motivação do cuidador informal, considerada o leitmotiv no processo de cuidar. Para além disto, o cuidador necessita de apoio, ensino, treino e encaminhamento para se munir das competências para cuidar de um doente dependente no domicílio, com segurança.

Burnout em cuidadores formais de idosos

OpenAIRE

Meireles, Sandra Cristina da Silva

2016-01-01

O Síndrome de Burnout é, na atualidade, uma das consequências mais marcantes do stress profissional, pelo que se revela importante a investigação acerca da mesma, sobretudo nos denominados grupos de risco, como é o caso dos cuidadores formais de idosos institucionalizados. Com o objetivo de estudar os níveis de Burnout nos colaboradores de uma estrutura residencial, desenhou-se um estudo descritivo, analítico de caráter transversal, com recurso à metodologia quantitativa, te...

The Revitalized Tutoring Center

Science.gov (United States)

Koselak, Jeremy

2017-01-01

One high-leverage strategy rooted in a strong research base--the revitalized tutoring center--provides a wealth of opportunity to students who may be otherwise underserved. This embedded, open-all-day tutoring center supports collaborative teacher teams by using peer tutors and community volunteers. By centralizing resources and providing supports…

Efectos de cuidar personas con Alzheimer: un estudio sobre cuidadores formales e informales

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Ara Mercedes Cerquera Córdoba

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Se buscó identificar los efectos psicológicos del cuidado referidos a depresión y sobrecarga subjetiva en una muestra de 62 cuidadores formales y 53 informales de pacientes con Alzheimer en Bucaramanga y su área metropolitana, así como conocer sus estrategias de afrontamiento y comparar el nivel de afectación de ambos grupos. Método. Se realizó un estudio no experimental, transversal, descriptivo y comparativo, utilizando el Inventario de Depresión Estado - rasgo IDER, la Escala de Sobrecarga de Zarit y la Escala de Estrategias de Coping Modificada. Se analizaron las frecuencias de aparición de cada variable y se compararon las puntuaciones de los grupos. Resultados. Se encontró presencia de eutimia estado en 36% de los cuidadores informales y 21% de los formales. Además, 58.5% de los cuidadores informales y 33.9% de los formales presentaron sobrecarga subjetiva intensa. La estrategia de afrontamiento más utilizada en ambos grupos fue la religión. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre el nivel de sobrecarga de los cuidadores formales y los informales, pero no entre sus niveles de depresión. Conclusión. De acuerdo con los resultados, es necesario explorar la relación entre el nivel de afectación y factores personales y sociodemográficos. Igualmente, se requiere profundizar en la relación entre las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por los participantes y su nivel de afectación.

Habilidades del cuidador primario de mujeres mastectomizadas Habilidades do cuidador primário de mulheres mastectomizadas Mastectomized women primary caregiver’s abilities

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Rosa María Ostiguín-Meléndez

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Describir las habilidades del cuidador primario (CP en términos de conocimiento, valor y paciencia del de mujeres mastectomizadas. Metodología. En 2010 se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo de tipo transversal en una muestra de 100 cuidadores primarios del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de la Ciudad de México. Para la medición de la habilidad se utilizó el instrumento "Inventario de habilidad de cuidado", que tiene tres subescalas: conocimiento, valor y paciencia. Se estimaron las correlaciones entre la sumatoria de los términos, comparándolas con las variables sociodemográficas. Resultados. El 41% de los CP fueron hombres, casados en un 77%; predominantemente fueron hijos (41% o esposos (32% del paciente. La edad mediana del CP, fue 43 años. En las habilidades del cuidador se encontró: alta puntuación para las dimensiones de conocimiento y paciencia, y baja para la de valor. Se identificó una correlación significativa entre las dimensiones de conocimiento y paciencia, mientras que la correlación de valor y paciencia fue menor. Conclusión. Las habilidades más importantes con que debe contar el CP son el conocimiento y la paciencia; el valor no mostró tal relevancia.Objetivo. Descrever as habilidades no cuidado em termos de conhecimento, valor e paciência do cuidador primário (CEP de mulheres mastectomizadas. Metodologia. Em 2010 se levou a cabo um estudo descritivo de tipo transversal numa mostra de 100 cuidadores primários do Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia da Cidade do México. Para a medição da habilidade se utilizou o instrumento "Inventário de habilidade de cuidado", que tem três sub-escalas: conhecimento, valor e paciência. Estimaram-se as correlações entre a sumatória dos termos, comparando-as com as variáveis sócio-demográficas. Resultados. O 41% dos CEP foram homens, casados num 77%; predominantemente foram filhos (41% ou esposos (32% do paciente, e a maioria tinham um trabalho

Línea de atención para el cuidador principal de pacientes oncológicos con soporte social

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María Mercedes Ramírez Ordoñez,

2012-06-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación buscó evaluar el soporte social con el uso de Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (Tics y las líneas telefónicas como mecanismo de satisfacción de los cuidadores principales de pacientes oncológicos asistentes a tratamiento en la Institución Prestadora de Salud (IPS Oncomedical. Corresponde a un estudio cuantitativo con 112 cuidadores de pacientes oncológicos entre los meses de mayo y diciembre de 2010. Para la recolección de los datos se utilizó el instrumento de caracterización de los cuidadores y otro para medir el soporte social. El instrumento “inventario de soporte social en enfermedad crónica”, utilizado para medir el soporte social antes y después de la intervención de enfermería, consta de 34 ítems divididos en 4 subescalas que son: interacción personal, guía, retroalimentación e interacción social. Como características del cuidador principal se destaca: el rol de cuidador principal es asumido por las mujeres, con edad promedio entre los 36 y 59 años, con una secundaria incompleta, se encuentran dedicadas al hogar y pertenecen al estrato 2 y 3. La utilización de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (Tics y el uso de las líneas telefónicas son medios eficientes para brindar soporte social a los cuidadores de pacientes oncológicos. Los resultados demuestran que el grado de satisfacción percibida por el cuidador incrementa de un 24% a un 77.67% cuando se le brinda información de soporte social y educativo por medio de las líneas telefónicas y en forma escrita incrementa de un 18.7% a un 33.9%, la retroalimentación el nivel de satisfacción aumentó a un 83%. El uso de las líneas telefónicas y las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (Tics como mecanismos dinámicos de cuidado demostraron efectividad a nivel emocional y educativo permitiéndoles sentir a los cuidadores una compañía y soporte social.

O envelhecimento na perspectiva do cuidador de idosos Aging by the perspective of elderly caregivers

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Cléa Adas Saliba Garbin

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Este estudo relata a percepção de cuidadores de idosos que atuam em três instituições de amparo ao idoso na cidade de Araçatuba, São Paulo. Foram abordadas questões em relação ao envelhecimento, motivações pessoais dos cuidadores em buscar trabalho com essa parcela da população, relacionamento com o idoso, dificuldades durante o trabalho e a satisfação encontrada junto ao idoso. Realizou-se entrevista com os cuidadores, e o material verbal coletado foi analisado utilizando a técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Pôde-se perceber, através dos relatos, o envolvimento emocional do cuidador com seu trabalho, a sobrecarga física e emocional à qual está exposto. Relatos a respeito do envelhecimento também puderam ser coletados, além de questões de ordem social, que motivaram o cuidador a buscar esse tipo de trabalho. Os diversos olhares do cuidador nos impulsionam na busca de estratégias de capacitação teórica e suporte psicológico a esse grupo, pensando no seu bem-estar e no bem-estar do idoso.This study reports elderly caregivers' perception in charge of giving assistance to three benefiting institutions in elderly care, in the city of Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil. Questions were approached regarding aging, caregivers' personal motivation in the search of working with this sector of population, relationship with elderly, most common difficulties found during work and caregivers' satisfaction. An interview was done with caregivers and the collected verbal material was analyzed through the Collective Subject Discursive Technique. It was possible to realize through the reports the emotional involvement of caregivers with their work as well as the emotional and physical overload which they are exposed to. Reports related to aging could also be collected as well as social questions which motivated caregivers to search for this kind of job. The several eyes of caregivers lead us to search for new strategies of

Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas del cuidador del menor de cinco años

OpenAIRE

Doris Amparo Parada-Rico

2011-01-01

La alimentación complementaria iniciada adecuadamente en el menor, permite su crecimiento y desarrollo eficaz. Igualmente la administración de micronutrientes mejora el crecimiento y previene deficiencias que son causa de importantes enfermedades. Los cuidadores en general son los responsables de facilitar o limitar este proceso. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas del cuidador del menor de 5 años frente a la alimentación complementari...

Determinantes da tensão do cuidador familiar de idosos dependentes Determinantes de la tensión del cuidador familiar de ancianos dependientes Determinatives of family caregiver's tension while caring the dependent elderly

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Maria das Graças Melo Fernandes

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Este estudo objetivou investigar os determinantes da tensão do cuidador familiar de idosos dependentes. Sua efetividade se deu no cenário domiciliar, envolvendo trinta cuidadoras principais. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista estruturada gravada. A análise dos dados objetivos foi feita mediante uma abordagem quantitativa. Os dados discursivos, coletados por meio da gravação da entrevista, por serem apreendidos a partir de um instrumento estruturado, dispensaram procedimento analítico, sendo distribuídos entre as questões a que se referiam no sentido de ampliar sua compreensão. Os resultados apontam que o fenômeno investigado se origina a partir de determinantes relacionados ao cuidador, aos déficits do idoso, à interação idoso/cuidador, ao ambiente, e às demandas de cuidado.Este estudio objetivó investigar los determinantes de la tensión del cuidador familiar de ancianos dependientes. Su efectividad se dio en el escenario domiciliar, envolviendo a treinta cuidadoras principales. Los datos fueron colectados por medio de entrevista estructurada grabada. El análisis de los datos objetivos fue hecho mediante un abordaje cuantitativo. Los datos discursivos, colectados por medio de la grabación de la entrevista, por ser aprehendidos a partir de un instrumento estructurado, dispensaron procedimiento analítico, siendo distribuidos entre las cuestiones a que se referían en el sentido de ampliar su comprensión. Los resultados apuntan que el fenómeno investigado se origina a partir de determinantes relacionados al cuidador, a los déficits del anciano, a la interacción anciano/cuidador, al ambiente, y a las demandas de cuidado.This study had as objective investigate the determinatives of the tension of the dependent elderly's family caregiver. Its accomplish happened in the domestic scenery, involving thirty principal caregivers. The data were collected by a recorded and estructured interview. The analyses of the

Determinantes da tensão do cuidador familiar de idosos dependentes Determinantes de la tensión del cuidador familiar de ancianos dependientes Determinatives of the tension of the dependent elderly's family caregiver

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Maria das Graças Melo Fernandes

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Este estudo objetivou investigar os determinantes da tensão do cuidador familiar de idosos dependentes. Sua efetividade se deu no cenário domiciliar, envolvendo trinta cuidadoras principais. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista estruturada gravada. A análise dos dados objetivos foi feita mediante uma abordagem quantitativa. Os dados discursivos, coletados por meio da gravação da entrevista, por serem apreendidos a partir de um instrumento estruturado, dispensaram procedimento analítico, sendo distribuídos entre as questões a que se referiam no sentido de ampliar sua compreensão. Os resultados apontam que o fenômeno investigado se origina a partir de determinantes relacionados ao cuidador, aos déficits do idoso, à interação idoso/cuidador, ao ambiente, e às demandas de cuidado.Este estudio objetivó investigar los determinantes de la tensión del cuidador familiar de ancianos dependientes. Su efectividad se dio en el escenario domiciliar, envolviendo a treinta cuidadoras principales. Los datos fueron colectados por medio de entrevista estructurada grabada. El análisis de los datos objetivos fue hecho mediante un abordaje cuantitativo. Los datos discursivos, colectados por medio de la grabación de la entrevista, por ser aprehendidos a partir de un instrumento estructurado, dispensaron procedimiento analítico, siendo distribuidos entre las cuestiones a que se referían en el sentido de ampliar su comprensión. Los resultados apuntan que el fenómeno investigado se origina a partir de determinantes relacionados al cuidador, a los déficits del anciano, a la interacción anciano/cuidador, al ambiente, y a las demandas de cuidado.This study had as objective investigate the determinatives of the tension of the dependent elderly's family caregiver. Its accomplish happened in the domestic scenery, involving thirty principal caregivers. The data were collected by a recorded and estructured interview. The analyses of the

Peer Tutoring: A Training and Facilitation Guide

Science.gov (United States)

Pirini, Jesse

2017-01-01

Students can make huge gains in academic grades and confidence with the help of peer tutoring. This book provides practical, research-based strategies for anyone wanting to run a peer tutoring programme or to improve their own tutoring practice. The book focuses on two key components of tutoring: the tutoring relationship and tutoring tools. The…

Experiencia de cuidadores familiares de mujeres con cáncer de mama: una revisión integradora

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María Mercedes Moreno-González

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: identificar la evidencia científica de enfermería relacionada con la experiencia de los cuidadores familiares de mujeres con cáncer de mama.Metodología: revisión integradora siguiendo los lineamientos de Ganong; búsqueda en bases de datos: EMBASE, OVID, PUBMED, SAGE journals, SCIELO, Google Academic, ISI Web of Science y SCOPUS, artículos publicados entre los años 2000 y 2016. Resultados: se incluyeron 18 artículos producto de investigaciones primarias de tipo cualitativo, cuyos referentes teórico-metodológicos fueron fenomenología y teoría fundamentada, las técnicas de recolección de datos fueron la entrevista semiestructurada y en profundidad. Se presentan y discuten como hallazgos las siguientes categorías: impacto del diagnóstico; lo que implica ser cuidador; efectos en el cuidador; estrategias de afrontamiento; cambios en los roles y las relaciones; apoyo social. Conclusiones: las características de los cuidadores son variables, es necesario conocer sobre la cultura y recursos propios de cada contexto. Los cuidadores requieren información clara y oportuna en relación su función y las habilidades a desarrollar, especialmente para otorgar apoyo emocional. Es necesaria la indagación de dichas experiencias en el contexto mexicano. Las relaciones padres e hijos en las familias de mujeres con cáncer de mama es un asunto poco estudiado, se requieren futuros estudios en este tema.

Implementing a centralized institutional peer tutoring program.

Science.gov (United States)

Gaughf, Natalie White; Foster, Penni Smith

2016-01-01

Peer tutoring has been found to be beneficial to both students and peer tutors in health sciences education programs. This article describes the implementation of a centralized, institutional peer tutoring program at the University of Mississippi Medical Center, an academic health science center in the U.S. The Program: This multispecialty peer tutoring program paired students experiencing academic difficulties with peer tutors who showed prior academic success, professionalism and effective communication skills. The program allowed students and peer tutors to coordinate their own tutoring services. Evaluations by both students and peer tutors showed satisfaction with the program. Recommendations for developing and implementing an effective peer tutoring program are presented, including utilization of an online system, consistent program policy with high professionalism expectations, funding, program evaluation and data tracking.

RELAÇÃO ENTRE O ESTADO PSICOSSOCIAL DO CUIDADOR INFORMAL E O TEMPO DE CUIDADO DOS IDOSOS DA REGIÃO CENTRO DE PORTUGAL

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Ricardo Pocinho

2017-06-01

Full Text Available O papel desempenhado pela família e cuidadores no tratamento dos idosos é essencial para a promoção e manutenção da sua qualidade de vida, garantindo a sua manutenção do domicílio por um período de tempo mais alargado. Objetivo: Compreender a existência da sobrecarga do cuidador informal e os fatores associados (apoio disponíveis e perfil, bem como estudar o estabelecimento relacional entre o tempo e a sobrecarga. Metodologia: Um questionário de dados sociodemográficos e QASCI (Questionário de Avaliação da Sobrecarga do Cuidador Informal aplicado a 30 cuidadores da região centro de Portuga. Resultados: São caraterísticas do perfil do cuidador, 45 anos, casado, existência de coabitação e razões relacionadas com o dever e a ligação emocional subjacente.

El cuidador principal del paciente con esquizofrenia: calidad de vida, carga del cuidador, apoyo social y profesional

OpenAIRE

Ribé Buitrón, José Miguel

2014-01-01

Introducció: la introducció deis antipsicòtics i la desinstitucionalització ha col•locat en els familiars de pacients amb esquizofrènia la responsabilitat de la cura informal. Això comporta especialment en els cuidadors principals una disminució en la seva qualitat de vida en part deguda a l'increment de la seva percepció de càrrega en les tasques de la cura, a la pèrdua de les seves relacions socials i l'escàs suport professional en els centres sanitaris. Objectius: aquesta recerca anali...

Intervención de enfermería sobre calidad de vida en cuidadores primarios de pacientes con cáncer

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Bertha Margarita Lorenzo Velázquez

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción: La familia juega un papel primordial en la atención al paciente con cáncer en estadio terminal y por ser los principales cuidadores debemos brindarle las herramientas necesarias para lograr una mejor calidad de vida. Objetivo: Implementar una intervención educativa sobre la calidad de vida y satisfacción de cuidadores primarios de pacientes con cáncer. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, transversal y de intervención educativa con el objetivo de implementar una intervención de enfermería en aspectos relacionados con la calidad de vida y satisfacción de cuidadores primarios de pacientes con cáncer. Resultados: La afectación en la totalidad de las dimensiones básicas de calidad de vida y escasos conocimientos sobre atención paliativa. Una vez aplicada la intervención educativa se logró la mejoría de la calidad de vida, la satisfacción y el conocimiento de los cuidadores primarios de pacientes con cáncer. Conclusiones: Existió afectación en la totalidad de las dimensiones básicas de calidad de vida y escasos conocimientos sobre atención paliativa en los cuidadores. Una vez aplicada la intervención educativa se logró la mejoría de la calidad de vida, la satisfacción y el conocimiento de los cuidadores primarios de pacientes con cáncer.

The Face of Private Tutoring in Russia: Evidence from Online Marketing by Private Tutors

Science.gov (United States)

Kozar, Olga

2013-01-01

Private tutoring is a common and worldwide phenomenon. However, there is a dearth of up-to-date research on private tutoring compared with that on institutional one-to-one teaching, which could be explained by challenges associated with data collection. This article proposes using publicly available online advertisements of private tutors as a…

Tips for Reading Tutors = Consejos para los Tutores en Lectura.

Science.gov (United States)

Department of Education, Washington, DC.

Reading is the basis for learning and school success. While reading is learned primarily in the classroom, many students need extra time and help. Research shows that tutoring is a great way for individuals and groups outside school to support learning, but effective tutoring requires appropriate training and careful planning. This brochure,…

RELACIÓN ENTRE DEPRESIÓN Y SOBRECARGA EN CUIDADORES DE PACIENTES CON DEMENCIA TIPO ALZHEIMER

OpenAIRE

Mayra Juliana Galvis; Ara Mercedes Cerquera Córdoba

2016-01-01

El Alzheimer es el tipo de demencia más frecuente. Debido al deterioro progresivo que produce, los pacientes requieren de cuidado permanente. Las personas que asumen el rol de cuidadores de estos pacientes pueden sufrir efectos adversos a nivel psicológico, físico y social. Se realizó un estudio no experimental, transversal correlacional, con el objetivo de establecer la relación entre los niveles de depresión y sobrecarga en una muestra de 84 cuidadores formales y 92 informales de pacientes ...

Intervención de enfermería en Atención Primaria en el cuidador principal del enfermo de Parkinson

OpenAIRE

Núñez Castaño, María Cristina

2014-01-01

Se propone una intervención de enfermería aplicable en el ámbito de la Atención Primaria dirigida a mejorar la calidad de vida de los cuidadores de enfermos de Parkinson. Para la evaluación de la eficacia de la intervención se llevará a cabo un estudio experimental que incluirá una muestra de 196 enfermos de Parkinson con cuidadores principales jóvenes (35-64 años) que sean familiares directos (hijos o pareja). A cada cuidador se asigna aleatoriamente a una de las dos condiciones experimental...

Depressão, ansiedade e sonolência diurna em cuidadores primários de crianças com paralisia cerebral Depresión, ansiedad y somnolencia diurna en cuidadores primarios de niños con parálisis cerebral Depression, anxiety and daytime sleepiness of primary caregivers of children with cerebral palsy

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Catherine Marx

2011-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar os níveis de depressão, ansiedade e sonolência diurna excessiva em cuidadores primários de crianças com paralisia cerebral, relacionando-os às condições socioeconômicas do cuidador e às características neurológicas da criança e comparando-os a cuidadores de crianças saudáveis. MÉTODOS: 45 cuidadores de crianças com paralisia cerebral e 50 cuidadores de crianças saudáveis foram aleatoriamente incluídos no estudo e responderam a um questionário semiestruturado. Avaliaram-se os níveis de depressão, ansiedade e sonolência diurna excessiva por meio das escalas de Beck, ansiedade estado-traço e Epworth, respectivamente. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos entrevistados eram mães com baixo nível socioeconômico. Os que se autoavaliaram como ansiosos e depressivos apresentaram resultados comprobatórios de ansiedade e depressão com as escalas de ansiedade estado-traço e Beck para os cuidadores de crianças com paralisia cerebral. Os níveis de sonolência diurna excessiva estiveram relacionados a elevados níveis de depressão. O comprometimento neurológico das crianças não influenciou os resultados sobre os cuidadores. CONCLUSÕES: Depressão, ansiedade e problemas relacionados ao sono foram comuns em cuidadores de crianças com paralisia cerebral. O nível de funcionalidade neurológica da criança não influenciou os resultados.OBJETIVO: Evaluar los niveles de depresión, ansiedad y somnolencia diurna excesiva en cuidadores primarios de niños con parálisis cerebral relacionándolos a las condiciones socioeconómicas del cuidador y a las características neurológicas del niño y comparándolos a cuidadores de niños sanos. MÉTODOS: Se incluyeron aleatoriamente en el estudio a 45 cuidadores de niños con parálisis cerebral y a 50 cuidadores de niños sanos, y contestaron a un cuestionario semiestructurado. Se evaluaron los niveles de depresión, ansiedad y somnolencia diurna excesiva mediante las escalas de

Peer Tutoring at Colleges and Universities

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Mikyong Minsun

2015-01-01

This paper focuses on the important roles of peer tutoring and peer tutoring services that utilize student tutors in higher education. First, the roles and potential benefits of peer tutoring are identified and reviewed as they apply to various dimensions of student development. Second, the impacts, benefits, and extended beneficiaries of peer…

Qualidade de vida de cuidadores familiares de pessoas com Síndrome de Down Quality of life of family caregivers of people with Down Syndrome

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Ramon Missias Moreira

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Analisar a percepção de pais/cuidadores de pessoas com Síndrome de Down sobre qualidade de vida. Método: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, que utilizou para coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada com 10 pais cuidadores de pessoas com Síndrome de Down. Para analisar os dados, recorreu-se a Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: observou-se que, os cuidadores são mães com idade acima de 30 anos, que se autodeclararam pardas, conviviam com um companheiro, praticavam algum tipo de atividade física e frequentaram alguma instituição de ensino. Além disso, possuíam como ocupação principal a função de cuidador. Os cuidadores relataram que o acesso ao lazer; à saúde; relações familiares; bem estar geral; material e direitos seriam os fatores que influenciam na qualidade de vida. Conclusão: concluiu-se que os pais cuidadores de pessoas com Síndrome de Down apresentaram diferentes concepções sobre a qualidade de vida.

Instrumentos para la evaluación de la sobrecarga del cuidador familiar de personas con demencia

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África Martos Martínez

2015-08-01

Full Text Available El envejecimiento poblacional en los países desarrollados es una realidad que ha dado paso al aumento de las enfermedades degenerativas, entre ellas la demencia. Los cambios que se producen en la demencia, suponen una perdida funcional que vuelve a la persona afectada más dependiente de los demás para el desempeño de las actividades, por lo que estas pasan a ser una función asumida por el cuidador. El proceso de convertirse en cuidador supone la aparición, en muchos casos de sobrecarga, esto es, la percepción que el cuidador tiene acerca de la influencia que el cuidado tiene sobre su salud, su vida social, personal y económica. La cuantificación del riesgo de agotamiento, debería ser un procedimiento común. Por ello, este estudio pretende realizar una revisión de los instrumentos de evaluación de la sobrecarga del cuidador familiar de la persona con demencia. El método que se siguió fue la recisión sistemática de las bases de datos Lilacs, ProQuest, PsycARTICLES y Dialnet Plus, tras la cual, se pasó a buscar la fuente primaria de los instrumentos utilizados en los estudios hallados. Así, se encontraron 4 instrumentos distintos y 6 versiones de estos. En 34 de los 42 estudios, fue utilizado como instrumento de evaluación de la sobrecarga la escala de Zarit (Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview o una versión o adaptación del mismo. Estos resultados indican que la preferencia por esta escala para la evaluación de la sobrecarga en los cuidadores, es un continuo que no ha variado desde los años 90.

Resiliencia y Variables Asociadas en Cuidadores Informales de Pacientes con Alzheimer

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Ara Mercedes Cerquera Córdoba

2016-01-01

Full Text Available La resiliencia es una variable protectora ante el rol del cuidador, por ello, este estudio pretende identificar la relación entre la resiliencia y la sobrecarga, la depresión, la percepción de apoyo social y estrategias de afrontamiento. Se trata de un estudio transversal de alcance correlacional que contó con una muestra de 101 cuidadores, evaluados por medio de los instrumentos Zarit, mos, ider , Coping, la Escala de Resiliencia de Wagnild y Young. Se identificaron correlaciones positivas estadísticamente significativas entre apoyo social y solución de problemas como estrategia de afrontamiento y resiliencia, y correlaciones negativas con depresión, evidenciando en estos resultados los factores protectores y de riesgo que pueden aportar a la creación de futuros programas de intervención.

Consulta de enfermería dirigida a cuidadores informales: instrumentos de diagnóstico e intervención

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Margarida Sotto Mayor

2013-09-01

Full Text Available La consulta de enfermería es una de las estrategias que puede ser utilizada por el enfermero para diagnosticar y decidir consecuentemente qué es lo que debe aconsejar al paciente/familia: aprendizaje de técnicas, cuidados específicos, enviarlo a otra especialidad, etc. Los autores presentan un estudio basado en los datos de la consulta de enfermería con una muestra de 50 cuidadores. Consiste en un modelo de investigación transversal, utilizando el protocolo de valoración e intervención con cuidadores. Los resultados indican que esta consulta proporciona beneficios para la salud, y permite que la tarea de cuidar sea una experiencia satisfactoria para el dúo cuidador-anciano.

A sobrecarga do cuidador familiar de idoso com Alzheimer = Family caregiver burden caring for the elderly with Alzheimer’s disease

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Seima, Márcia Daniele

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de estudo de corte transversal cujo objetivo foi identificar o nível de sobrecarga do cuidador familiar do idoso com Alzheimer de uma comunidade. A amostra de conveniência foi composta de 208 cuidadores familiares. Os dados foram coletados por meio da aplicação de questionário socioeconômico/demográfico e clínico e escala do Inventário de Sobrecarga de Zarit. Os dados foram compilados e analisados no programa Microsoft Excel 2007. Dos 208 cuidadores, 47 (22,6% apresentaram sobrecarga pequena, 96 (46,2% sobrecarga moderada, 54 (26% sobrecarga moderada a severa e 11 (5,2% sobrecarga severa. O processo de cuidado dos profissionais da saúde junto aos cuidadores não pode ser apenas prescritivo, esse deve ser desenvolvido sob demanda, com intuito de minimizar as sobrecargas, que enfrentam nas situações de cuidado com o idoso portador de Alzheimer

Síndrome de carga y calidad de vida del cuidador de pacientes pediátricos

OpenAIRE

Ortunio, Magaly; Herrera Leonet, Edimar; Guevara Rivas, Harold

2016-01-01

Introducción: El cuidado de un niño enfermo es una dura carga para cualquier persona que se vea sometida a esa tarea y es frecuente que en algún momento el cuidador se sienta incapaz de afrontarlo comprometiendo su bienestar e incluso su salud. Objetivos: Relacionar los niveles de sobrecarga y calidad de vida de los cuidadores primarios de niños hospitalizados en el servicio de pediatría del Hospital Central de Maracay, caracterizar el perfil epidemiológico de los pacientes estudiados, caract...

Health education: a strategy of care for the lay caregiver Educación en salud: una estrategia de cuidado al cuidador lego Educação em saúde: uma estratégia de cuidado ao cuidador leigo

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Luccas Melo de Souza

2007-04-01

Full Text Available This article aimed to reflect about the importance of the role nurses perform in strategies of health education to lay caregivers, who are important actors in the health/disease process. It is a thematic reflection, built through bibliographic review, which discusses the role of lay caregivers in different stages of the life cycle. Considering the participation of lay caregivers in the Brazilian reality, strategies have been sought to include them in the health care, given the little attention Public Policies have given to them. Therefore, the nurses as health educators, must offer support to the lay caregivers helping them to choose among available alternatives, while delivering care, to not harm their own health. Concluding, health education can be an alternative to offer attention to the lay caregivers, while the nurse has important role in the development of alternatives.Este artículo tiene por objetivo reflexionar acerca de la importancia de la intervención de enfermería a través de estrategias de educación en salud, para los cuidadores legos, actores fundamentales en el proceso salud/enfermedad. Se trata de una reflexión temática, construida por medio de la búsqueda bibliográfica, a través de la cual se discute el rol de los cuidadores en las diferentes etapas del ciclo vital. Tomando como base la actual participación de los cuidadores legos en el escenario brasileño, se buscan estrategias para incluirlos en la asistencia de salud teniendo en vista la poca relevancia que las Políticas Públicas les han demostrado. Así, el enfermero, como educador en salud, debe ofrecer subsidios a los cuidadores legos para que sean capaces de escoger entre las alternativas disponibles para el cuidado de los enfermos, de forma tal que esta función no perjudique la salud del paciente. Se concluye que la educación en salud puede ser una forma alternativa para ofrecer atención de salud a los cuidadores legos, siendo el rol del enfermero

Estresse em cuidadores de crianças com transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade = Stress in caregivers of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder = Estrés en cuidadores de niños con trastorno del déficit de atención e hiperactividad

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Faria, Ana Maria Del Bianco

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o estresse, auto-percepção de estresse e de fatores estressantes em cuidadores de crianças com Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH. Participaram 40 cuidadores, divididos em: Grupo clínico (G1 – 20 cuidadores de crianças diagnosticadas com TDAH; Grupo de comparação (G2 – 20 cuidadores de crianças sem TDAH. Utilizaram-se os instrumentos: Questionário de Capacidades e Dificuldades, Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp, Questionário de Auto-Percepção de estresse. Os resultados apontaram percentual de cuidadores com indicadores de estresse significativamente maior no G1 do que encontrado no G2 (p=0,001. No G1 houve maior percepção de estresse no convívio com a criança (p<0,001, no cuidado com a criança (p<0,001 e maior percepção de estresse (p=0,003 quando comparados ao G2. Destaca-se a necessidade de cuidado ao cuidador, pois a vivência de estresse afeta a qualidade de vida, bem como a relação e o vínculo entre este e a criança

As vivências do cuidador informal do idoso dependente Las experiencias de los cuidadores informales de ancianos dependientes The experiences of informal caregivers of dependent elderly

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Dídia Carolina Miranda Cruz

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Numa sociedade cada vez mais envelhecida, onde se verifica um aumento significativo das necessidades em saúde dos idosos, emerge como foco de atenção o cuidado informal à pessoa idosa dependente, cuja responsabilidade cabe prioritariamente à família. Cuidar de quem cuida é uma responsabilidade e deverá ser uma preocupação de todos os profissionais de saúde, em especial dos Enfermeiros, devendo ser a sua intervenção centrada no equilíbrio da dinâmica cuidador/idoso. Este equilíbrio é facilmente perturbado pelo cuidado informal ao idoso dependente, motivo pelo qual elaborámos o presente artigo com o objectivo de descrever as vivências sentidas pelo cuidador informal, encontradas na produção científica disponível. A pesquisa foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: CINAHL, MedicLatina, MEDLINE, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection; Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal; The Cochrane Library, DynaMed; SciELO; e Google Scholar, conduzindo a uma amostra de 17 estudos primários e uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Os principais resultados encontrados evidenciam alguns eixos, em torno dos quais se constroem as vivências do cuidador informal do idoso dependente, nomeadamente: os motivos de aceitação do papel; as dificuldades; as estratégias de coping; os factores relacionados com a sobrecarga e as fontes de satisfação que advêm do acto de cuidar.En una sociedad cada vez más envejecida, donde hay un aumento significativo de las necesidades de salud de las personas mayores, surge como un foco de atención informal a la persona mayor dependiente, cuya responsabilidad corresponde principalmente a la familia. El cuidado del cuidador es una responsabilidad y debe ser una preocupación para todos los profesionales de la salud, especialmente las enfermeras, su intervención debe centrarse en el equilibrio dinámico del cuidador / anciano. Este equilibrio se altera fácilmente por el cuidado

A dor no cotidiano de cuidadores e crianças com anemia falciforme

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Tatiane Lebre Dias

2013-12-01

Full Text Available As crises de dor crônica ou aguda, de diferente intensidade e recorrência imprevisível, são um dos sintomas mais frequentes na Anemia Falciforme (AF e tendem a afetar a qualidade de vida dos portadores da doença. Este estudo procurou descrever e comparar a percepção do episódio doloroso da AF entre crianças e seus cuidadores. Participaram 27 pares de cuidador-criança, sendo 11 pares formados por crianças atendidas no Ambulatório de Pediatria do Hospital Universitário Cassiano Antônio de Moraes de Vitória/ES e 16 pares compostos por crianças que frequentavam o Hemocentro de Cuiabá/MT. Os resultados revelaram diferença na percepção de cuidador e criança sobre a caracterização da dor no que se refere ao tipo e à intensidade. As crises de dor interferem, sobretudo, nas atividades do cotidiano. A estratégia de enfrentamento mais utilizada por ambos os grupos centrou-se em pensamentos que envolveram os aspectos negativos da experiência indesejada, o que indica a necessidade de intervenção psicológica com esta população

Consumers as tutors – legitimate teachers?

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Owen Cathy

2004-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The aim of this study was to research the feasibility of training mental health consumers as tutors for 4th year medical students in psychiatry. Methods A partnership between a consumer network and an academic unit in Psychological Medicine was formed to jointly develop a training package for consumer tutors and a curriculum in interviewing skills for medical students. Student attitudes to mental health consumers were measured pre and post the program. All tutorial evaluation data was analysed using univariate statistics. Both tutors and students evaluated the teaching program using a 4 point rating scale. The mean scores for teaching and content for both students and tutors were compared using an independent samples t-test. Results Consumer tutors were successfully trained and accredited as tutors and able to sustain delivery of tutorials over a 4 year period. The study found that whilst the medical students started with positive attitudes towards consumers prior to the program, there was a general trend towards improved attitude across all measures. Other outcomes for tutors and students (both positive and negative are described. Conclusions Consumer tutors along with professional tutors have a place in the education of medical students, are an untapped resource and deliver largely positive outcomes for students and themselves. Further possible developments are described.

Medical faculty opinions of peer tutoring.

Science.gov (United States)

Rudland, Joy R; Rennie, Sarah C

2014-01-01

Peer tutoring is a well-researched and established method of learning defined as 'a medical student facilitating the learning of another medical student'. While it has been adopted in many medical schools, other schools may be reluctant to embrace this approach. The attitude of the teaching staff, responsible for organizing and or teaching students in an undergraduate medical course to formal peer teaching will affect how it is introduced and operationalized. This study elicits faculty opinions on how best to introduce peer tutoring for medical students. Structured telephone interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. The interviews were with medically qualified staff responsible for organizing or teaching undergraduate medical students at a New Zealand medical school. Six questions were posed regarding perceived advantages and disadvantages of peer tutoring and how the school and staff could support a peer-tutoring scheme if one was introduced. Staff generally supported the peer tutoring concept, offering a safe environment for learning with its teachers being so close in career stage to the learners. They also say disadvantages when the student-teachers imparted wrong information and when schools used peer tutoring to justify a reduction in teaching staff. Subjects felt that faculty would be more accepting of peer tutoring if efforts were made to build staff 'buy in' and empowerment, train peer tutors and introduce a solid evaluation process. Staff of our school expressed some concerns about peer tutoring that are not supported in the literature, signaling a need for better communication about the benefits and disadvantages of peer tutoring.

Research Methods Tutor: evaluation of a dialogue-based tutoring system in the classroom.

Science.gov (United States)

Arnott, Elizabeth; Hastings, Peter; Allbritton, David

2008-08-01

Research Methods Tutor (RMT) is a dialogue-based intelligent tutoring system for use in conjunction with undergraduate psychology research methods courses. RMT includes five topics that correspond to the curriculum of introductory research methods courses: ethics, variables, reliability, validity, and experimental design. We evaluated the effectiveness of the RMT system in the classroom using a nonequivalent control group design. Students in three classes (n = 83) used RMT, and students in two classes (n = 53) did not use RMT. Results indicated that the use of RMT yieldedstrong learning gains of 0.75 standard deviations above classroom instruction alone. Further, the dialogue-based tutoring condition of the system resulted in higher gains than did the textbook-style condition (CAI version) of the system. Future directions for RMT include the addition of new topics and tutoring elements.

Características sociodemográficas asociadas a la sobrecarga de los cuidadores de pacientes diabéticos en Cúcuta

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Yirle Grecia Ortiz Claro

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Determinar la asociación entre las características sociodemográficas con el grado de sobrecarga en los cuidadores de pacientes diabéticos del Hospital Universitario ERASMO MEOZ durante el año del 2010 y primer semestre del 2011. Materiales y Métodos: Trabajo de investigación de abordaje cuantitativo descriptivo correlacional. Previa autorización de las directivas de la institución, de la verificación del cumplimiento de criterios de inclusión y de la participación voluntaria con consentimiento bajo información, se aplica en 252 cuidadores dos instrumentos caracterización sociodemográfica de los cuidadores y escala de sobrecarga del cuidador de Zarit.Resultados: Respecto a las características demográficas y grado de sobrecarga, se reportó asociación estadísticamente significativa en las variables género, edad, estado civil, ocupación, y horas de cuidado; contrario al nivel de escolaridad, estrato de la vivienda y parentesco en las que no encontró relación directa con la percepción de sobrecarga. Discusión y Conclusiones: En el estudio algunas variables del perfil sociodemográfico del cuidador y de la provisión del cuidado aparecen fuertemente relacionadas con la percepción de sobrecarga de éste. Lo encontrado plantea la necesidad de la participación de enfermería en la definición de estrategias concretas y comprometidas en el diagnostico precoz y tratamiento oportuno de los efectos adversos por sobrecarga, y en la adopción de medidas necesarias para su control. (Rev Cuid 2013; 4(1: 459-66.Palabras clave: Cuidadores, Carga de Trabajo, Enfermedad Crónica. (Fuente: DeCS BIREME.

[Self-audit and tutor accreditation].

Science.gov (United States)

Ezquerra Lezcano, Matilde; Tamayo Ojeda, Carmen; Calvet Junoy, Silvia; Avellana Revuelta, Esteve; Vila-Coll, María Antonia; Morera Jordán, Concepción

2010-02-01

To describe the experience of using self-audit (SA) as a means of accrediting family and community medicine tutors, to analyse the knowledge that the tutors have on this self-assessment methodology, and to record their opinions on this method. Retrospective descriptive study and analysis of an opinion questionnaire. Family and community medicine teaching units (TU) in Catalonia. Tutors from family and community medicine TU in Catalonia (July 2001-July 2008). Training of the tutors in SA methodology, creation of a reference group and a correction cycle. Correction by peers of the SAs performed by the tutors according to previously determined criteria and subsequent issue of a report-feedback. Self-administered questionnaire by a group of TU tutors. A total of 673 SA were performed. The most frequent topic selected was diabetes mellitus in 27.9% of cases. The overall evaluation of the SA from a methodological point of view was correct in 44.5% of cases, improvable in 45.3%, and deficient in 10.2%. A total of 300 opinion questionnaires were issued. The response rate was 151/300 (50.03%). On the question about the usefulness of the SA in professional practice, 12% considered it very useful, 56% adequate, and 32% of little use or not useful. As regards whether it was a good means for the re-accreditation or accreditation of tutors, 66% considered that it was not. A high percentage of the SAs analysed are not carried out correctly, which indicates that tutors do not know this self-assessment method very well. They consider that SAs are a useful tool for improving clinical practice, but not a good means for accreditation and re-accreditation.

Effects of training peer tutors in content knowledge versus tutoring skills on giving feedback to help tutees’ complex tasks

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hsiao, Amy; Brouns, Francis; Van Bruggen, Jan; Sloep, Peter

2015-01-01

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of training tutors in content knowledge of a particular domain versus training them in tutoring skills of pedagogical knowledge when tutoring on a complex tutee task. Forty-seven tutor-tutee pairs of fourth year secondary school students were created

Estrés y depresión en cuidadores informales de pacientes con trastorno afectivo bipolar

OpenAIRE

Palacios-Espinosa, Ximena; Jiménez-Solanilla, Karim-Offir

2009-01-01

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo establecer la prevalencia del estrés y la depresión en cuidadores primarios informales de pacientes con trastorno afectivo bipolar (TAB) de la Clínica de Nuestra Señora de La Paz (Bogotá, Colombia). La muestra fue de 40 cuidadores primarios informales, a quienes se les aplicaron varios instrumentos: una encuesta filtro, una ficha sociodemográfica, el Inventario de Depresión de Beck (BDI) y el Cuestionario de Estrés Diario. Los resultados indican que hay...

Circulação de crianças: o olhar do cuidador sobre o desenvolvimento emocional

OpenAIRE

OLIVEIRA, Lesly Guimarães Vicenzi de

2012-01-01

O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender a forma como cuidadores, pais e/ou responsáveis, compreendem o desenvolvimento emocional no contexto de circulação de crianças. Para tanto, embasou-se na teoria psicodinâmica sobre o desenvolvimento emocional, cuidador (es) e circulação de crianças.Utilizou-se o método qualitativo, no intuito de capturar dados e informações sobre o fenômeno estudado em sua singularidade (MINAYO, 2010). A dimensão interdisciplinar do presente estudo,...

Assistência domiciliaria ao idoso: perfil do cuidador formal - parte II Asistencia domiciliar al anciano: perfil del cuidador formal - parte II The home care of elderly: caregiver profile - part two

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Kozue Kawasaki

2001-12-01

Full Text Available O idoso fragilizado, mantido em seu domicílio, requer cuidados específicos, os quais são realizados muitas vezes por pessoas contratadas pela família para tal, denominadas cuidadores formais. Frente o aumento da oferta de trabalho destas pessoas e a escassez de literatura nacional sobre seu perfiL, desenvolvemos um estudo com 41 pessoas que ofereceram seus serviços através de anúncios em dois jornais de maior circulação no município de Campinas, São Paulo. Tal estudo teve por objetivos: 1. caracterizar estes cuidadores (este objetivo foi contemplado com um artigo publicado anteriormente e 2. verificar as atividades propostas para a assistência ao idoso. No presente trabalho serão apresentados os dados referentes ao segundo objetivo.El anciano debilitado, mantenido en su habitación, carece de cuidados específicos, los cuales han sido realizados muchas veces por personas contratadas, denominadas cuidadores formales. Frente al aumento de oferta de trabajo de estas personas y a la escasez de literatura sobre el perfil, desarrollamos un estudio con 41 anunciantes que ofrecieron sus servicios dos periódicos de grande circulación en el municipio de Campinas, San Pablo, con los siguientes objetivos: 1. caracterizar estos cuidadores y 2. verificar las actividades propuestas para la asistencial al anciano. El presente trabajo presenta los datos referentes a lo secundo objetivo.The frail elderly, maintained in its home, request specific cares, which are accomplished many times by people contracted, denominated formal caregivers. With the increase of the offer of these people's work and the shortage literature on its profile, we developed a study with 41 advertisers that offered their services in two newspapers of larger circulation in the city of Campinas, São Paulo, with the following objectives: 1. to characterize these caregivers and 2. to verify the activities proposals for care to the elderly. In the present work the referring data

Supporting Tutoring Within a Namibian Environmental Education ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This paper is based on a case study of tutoring in the Namibian Environmental Education Certificate (NEEC) Course. In order to support tutoring, the National NEEC Coordinator investigated the way NEEC tutors are supported and the kinds of challenges faced in the tutoring process. The case study was framed within a ...

Peer and Cross-Age Tutoring. ERIC Digest, Number 79.

Science.gov (United States)

Gaustad, Joan

One-to-one tutoring programs, such as peer and cross-age tutoring, can result in emotional and learning benefits for the tutor and the tutee. Peer tutoring involves two students of the same age. In cross-age tutoring, the tutor is older than the tutee. The Willamette High School Peer Tutoring Program in Eugene, Oregon; the Coca-Cola Valued Youth…

A vulnerabilidade dos cuidadores de idosos com demência: revisão integrativa Vulnerability of caregivers for the elderly with dementia: integrative review

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Bruna Silva Leite

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: analisar a vulnerabilidade dos cuidadores de idosos com demência. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de natureza quanti-qualitativa. O período de coleta de dados ocorreu de 01/09/14 à 30/10/14. Resultados: Do total de artigos analisados 26% apontam intervenções para alívio da sobrecarga; 20% analisam a carga de depressão; 16% dos estudos abordam a sobrecarga do cuidador; 14 % pautaram suas discussões no bem estar físico e espiritual, bem estar psicológico e social e nos prejuízos a qualidade de vida; 12% abordaram o estresse. Conclusão: Pesquisadores de diversos países apontam os impactos do cuidado na vida do cuidador, destacando: a sobrecarga emocional, estresse rotineiro e sintomas depressivos. Entretanto, existem medidas atenuantes, identificadas através das pesquisas, que podem contribuir para alívio do estresse cotidiano, como por exemplo: a prática diária de meditação yoga, a religiosidade, o relacionamento positivo entre a família, o idoso e o cuidador. Descritores: Demência, Cuidadores, Enfermagem familiar.

Impactos emocionales, conyugales y familiares de la Esclerosis Múltiple según pacientes y cuidadores y apoyo a los cuidadores a través de un proceso de conversaciones reflexivas terapéuticas, desde la terapia sistémica

OpenAIRE

Blanco Dávila, Luisa

2012-01-01

El objetivo de esta investigación es comprender el impacto emocional e interaccional en los ámbitos familiar y conyugal desde la perspectiva de pacientes y cuidadores, en familias con un miembro con esclerosis múltiple (EM), a través de conversaciones reflexivas con un enfoque sistémico. Se revisaron los conceptos de cuidador, calidad de vida, bienestar psicológico bajo las premisas epistemológicas socioconstruccionistas. Se utilizó una metodología mixta: encuestas sobre la calidad de vida de...

Adaptive Tutoring for Self-Regulated Learning: A Tutorial on Tutoring Systems

Science.gov (United States)

2014-12-01

impact learning with effect sizes equivalent to raising average (“C”) students to experts (“A” students) through tailored instruction and...classification using physiological sensors (Brawner and Goldberg, 2012; Goldberg & Brawner, 2012; Kokini, et al, 2012) • EEGs – Advanced Brain ... IQ , EQ, adaptability…) Merrill, D. , Reiser, B, Ranney, M., and Trafton, J. (1992). Effective Tutoring Techniques: A Comparison of Human Tutors and

Modelo de intervención psicológica en resiliencia para cuidadores informales de pacientes con Alzheimer

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Ara Mercedes Cerquera Córdoba

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del presente estudio es diseñar un modelo de intervenció psicológica en resiliencia, con enfoque cognitivo conductual, para cuidadores informales de pacientes con demencia tipo Alzheimer. Se tienen en cuenta las variables depresión, carga, resiliencia, apoyo social y estrategias de afrontamiento, consideradas en la literatura como influyentes en el rol del cuidador. Para realizar el diseño se tiene en cuenta la propuesta metodológica de Mori (2008, y para la evaluación del modelo en su estructura y proceso, la propuesta de evaluación de calidad del servicio de Donabedian (2005. Se concluye que el diseño de programas de intervención para cuidadores informales de pacientes con Alzheimer aparece como una alternativa necesaria para contrarrestar los efectos del cuidado. Este modelo brinda información necesaria para facilitar la réplica en otros contextos, y aporta los elementos requeri dos para su implementación.

Synchronic tutoring of a virtual community

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Simons, P.R.J.; Ligorio, M.B.; Talamo, A.

2002-01-01

The role of tutors has changed over time, depending on models of learning and on the technology available. This article discusses the evolution of the tutor role and presents a new model concerning the tutoring functions in a synchronous virtual community. The definition of a virtual community

Caregiver knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding childhood diarrhea and dehydration in Kingston, Jamaica Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de los cuidadores hacia la diarrea infantil y la deshidratación en Kingston, Jamaica

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Lela Rose Bachrach

2002-07-01

diarrea infantil y la deshidratación en Kingston, Jamaica, con el fin de determinar si sus escasos conocimientos sobre la prevención y el tratamiento de la diarrea y la deshidratación hacen que los niños corran mayor riesgo de hospitalización por estos problemas. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional de casos y controles entre febrero y mayo de 1997 en el Hospital Infantil Bustamante de Kingston. Se usó una muestra de conveniencia de niños de menos de 5 años y los datos fueron recogidos mediante entrevistas personales con los cuidadores de los dos grupos de niños. Un grupo estaba formado por 117 niños con gastroenteritis aguda, y el otro por 98 niños con problemas agudos no relacionados con la gastroenteritis. De los 215 cuidadores entrevistados, 197 eran las madres, 9 eran tutores, 5 eran los padres y 4 eran las abuelas. Resultados. La media etaria de los cuidadores, su nivel educacional y su estatus socioeconómico eran similares en los dos grupos. Los cuidadores del grupo de niños con gastroenteritis tenían niños más pequeños y menos acceso al agua corriente y a frigoríficos. Los niños cuyos cuidadores nunca habían oído hablar de la rehidratación oral tenían mayor riesgo de presentar gastroenteritis y deshidratación [razón de posibilidades (odds ratio: OR: 4,6; intervalo de confianza del 95% (IC95: 1,8-11,7], al igual que los niños cuyos cuidadores tenían escasos conocimientos sobre la prevención y el tratamiento de la diarrea y la deshidratación (OR: 3,7; IC95: 1,6-8,8. Otro factor de riesgo independiente fue la poca confianza del cuidador en su propia capacidad para tratar la diarrea del niño (OR: 2,3; IC95: 1,1-4,9. Conclusiones. Estos resultados destacan la necesidad de incrementar los esfuerzos informativos que les permitan a los cuidadores proteger a los niños de la morbilidad y la mortalidad relacionadas con la diarrea.

Dermatosis profesionales en cuidadores de ancianos

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Lucía Barchino Ortiz

2007-06-01

Full Text Available El progresivo envejecimiento de la población está provocando el desarrollo como grupo profesional de los cuidadores profesionales de ancianos, los auxiliares de geriatría. Puede considerarse un grupo de riesgo para el desarrollo de dermatosis ocupacional debido a las características del trabajo que desempeñan, con una regular exposición a irritantes cutáneos y a trabajo húmedo. Los estudios centrados en la patología cutánea de este colectivo son escasos. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es describir y analizar las características y los diagnósticos clínicos dermatológicos de los pacientes que trabajan como cuidadores de ancianos valorados en nuestro servicio. Material y métodos: Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio observacional retrospectivo de los datos de 41 pacientes cuidadores de ancianos estudiados en nuestro servicio durante un periodo de 11 años. Resultados: Encontramos un predominio total de mujeres. El lugar de afectación más frecuente fueron las manos. Los diagnósticos más frecuentemente establecidos fueron: Eczema endógeno (39,6%, dermatitis de contacto irritativa (DCI (27,1%, dermatitis de contacto alérgica (DCA (12,5%, Sin lesiones (10,4%, urticaria de contacto al látex (4,2% y otros. Conclusiones: El colectivo de cuidadores de ancianos es un grupo en aumento y de gran importancia social. Al desempeñar una labor que implica un trabajo húmedo se debe considerar un grupo de riesgo para el desarrollo de dermatosis profesionales. En nuestro estudio destaca que el diagnóstico de eczema endógeno, representado por la dermatitis atópica, sea el más frecuente, explicándose esto porque una irritación provocada por un trabajo húmedo y la oclusión pueden desencadenar un eczema en el individuo con un fondo atópico, que en otras condiciones se habría mantenido latente. Son necesarios futuros estudios más extensos en este sector profesional.The increasing proportion of elderly citizens worldwide is leading to

An integrated 2-year clinical skills peer tutoring scheme in a UK-based medical school: perceptions of tutees and peer tutors

Science.gov (United States)

2018-01-01

Background Several benefits of peer tutoring in medical school teaching have been described. However, there is a lack of research on the perceptions of peer tutoring, particularly from tutees who partake in a long-term clinical skills scheme integrated into the medical school curriculum. This study evaluates the opinions of preclinical tutees at the end of a 2-year peer-tutored clinical skills program and peer tutors themselves. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a UK-based medical school that primarily utilizes peer tutoring for clinical skills teaching. A questionnaire was designed to assess the views of preclinical tutees and peer tutors. Likert scales were used to grade responses and comment boxes to collect qualitative data. Results Sixty-five questionnaires were collected (52 tutees, 13 peer tutors). Seventy-nine percent of students felt satisfied with their teaching, and 70% felt adequately prepared for clinical placements. Furthermore, 79% believed that peer tutoring is the most effective method for clinical skills teaching. When compared to faculty teaching, tutees preferred being taught by peer tutors (63%), felt more confident (73%), and were more willing to engage (77%). All peer tutors felt that teaching made them more confident in their Objective Structured Clinical Examination performance, and 91% agreed that being a tutor made them consider pursuing teaching in the future. Thematic analysis of qualitative data identified 3 themes regarding peer tutoring: a more comfortable environment (69%), a more personalized teaching approach (34%), and variation in content taught (14%). Conclusion Preclinical tutees prefer being taught clinical skills by peer tutors compared to faculty, with the peer tutors also benefitting. Studies such as this, looking at long-term schemes, further validate peer tutoring and may encourage more medical schools to adopt this method as an effective way of clinical skills teaching. PMID:29922105

Effects of Training Peer Tutors in Content Knowledge versus Tutoring Skills on Giving Feedback to Help Tutees' Complex Tasks

Science.gov (United States)

Hsiao, Ya Ping; Brouns, Francis; van Bruggen, Jan; Sloep, Peter B.

2015-01-01

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of training tutors in content knowledge of a particular domain versus training them in tutoring skills of pedagogical knowledge when tutoring on a complex tutee task. Forty-seven tutor--tutee pairs of fourth-year secondary school students were created and assigned to one of the two treatments.…

Cross-Age Peer Tutoring in Physics: Tutors, Tutees, and Achievement in Electricity

Science.gov (United States)

Korner, Marianne; Hopf, Martin

2015-01-01

International comparisons reveal that lower-secondary-level students in Austria perform below the OECD mean in science. Guided by the search for remedies and improvements in science teaching, this study investigates whether cross-age peer tutoring is an appropriate method for teaching physics. A modern and concise definition of peer tutoring is…

A Tutoring System That Simulates the Highly Interactive Nature of Human Tutoring

Science.gov (United States)

Katz, Sandra; Albacete, Patricia L.

2013-01-01

For some time, it has been clear that students who are tutored generally learn more than students who experience classroom instruction (e.g., Bloom, 1984). Much research has been devoted to identifying features of tutorial dialogue that can explain its effectiveness, so that these features can be simulated in natural-language tutoring systems. One…

Peer tutors as learning and teaching partners: a cumulative approach to building peer tutoring capacity in higher education

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Sherran Clarence

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Peer tutors in higher education are frequently given vital teaching and learning work to do, but the training or professional development and support opportunities they are offered vary, and more often than not peer tutors are under-supported. In order to create and sustain teaching and learning environments that are better able to facilitate students’ engagement with knowledge and learning, the role of peer tutors needs to be recognised differently, as that of learning and teaching partners to both lecturers and students. Tutors then need to be offered opportunities for more in-depth professional academic development in order to fully realise this role. This paper explores a tutor development programme within a South African writing centre that aimed at offering tutors such ongoing and cumulative opportunities for learning and growth using a balanced approach, which included scholarly research and practice-based training. Using narrative data tutors provided in reflective written reports, the paper explores the kinds of development in tutors’ thinking and action that are possible when training and development is theoretically informed, coherent, and oriented towards improving practice.

Asistencia biopsicosocial a través del uso del tic (línea de atención a cuidadores de pacientes oncológicos

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María Mercedes Ramírez-Ordoñez

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Brindar asistencia Biopsicosocial a través del uso del TIC (Línea de Atención a cuidadores de pacientes oncológicos que asisten a la IPS Oncomedical en la ciudad de Cúcuta. Materiales y Métodos: estudio transversal de tipo cuantitativo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 46 cuidadores de pacientes oncológicos que actualmente reciben tratamiento médico en la IPS Oncomedical. Se aplicó la encuesta de caracterización de los cuidadores familiares de personas con enfermedad oncológica, para medir el soporte social, se empleó el instrumento Inventario de Soporte Social en Enfermedad Crónica (ISSEC de Hilbert. La encuesta se aplicó antes de iniciar el apoyo a los cuidadores por medio de la línea telefónica y después del apoyo social brindado a cada uno de ellos. Resultados: se encontró que el 60% de los cuidadores se encuentra satisfecho en esta categoría sintiéndose importantes al tener quien se preocupe por ellos en medio de toda la situación que atraviesan, esto es producto de las llamadas semanales hechas a cada uno de ellos donde se ofreció apoyo emocional, consuelo en los momentos difíciles, y escucha activa entre otros. Conclusión: El uso del TIC (Línea de Atención, generó espacios de comunicación donde el cuidador expresa libremente sus sentimientos y preocupaciones facilitando así una adecuada intervención en aspectos como: apoyo emocional, educación sobre el mantenimiento de su propia salud y la de su objeto de cuidado, fortalecimiento de lazos familiares, por parte del personal que brinda el soporte, logrando así mejoría tanto en la salud física como mental de los cuidadores

Correlação entre qualidade de vida e morbidade do cuidador de idoso com acidente vascular encefálico

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Nilce Maria de Freitas Santos

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Este estudo objetivou descrever as características sociodemográficas e a qualidade de vida dos cuidadores de idosos com histórico de acidente vascular cerebral e correlacionar o número de morbidades com os escores de qualidade de vida do cuidador. Inquérito domiciliar transversal que entrevistou cuidadores de idosos utilizando-se de instrumentos: semi-estruturado; World Health Organization Quality of Life-abreviado e Brazilian Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire. Foi realizada análise descritiva e correlação de Pearson (p<0,05. Prevaleceu o sexo feminino (93,5%, idade média de 55,4±14,17 anos, casados ou moram com companheiro (58,7%, com 4| - 8 anos de estudo (28,3% e renda de 1 salário mínimo (34,8%. O maior escore de qualidade de vida foi no domínio relações sociais (67,57 e, menor no meio ambiente (54,82. O maior número de morbidades do cuidador correlacionou-se com menores escores em todos os domínios de qualidade de vida.

Private Tutoring: Evidence from India

OpenAIRE

Azam, Mehtabul

2015-01-01

Drawing on the nationally representative "Participation and Expenditure in Education" surveys, we document the incidence and cost of private tutoring at different stages of schooling over the last two decades in India. As private tutoring involve two decisions: a) whether to take private tuition or not, and b) how much to spend on private tutoring conditional on positive decision in (a), we analyze the determinants of the two decisions separately using a Hurdle model. We find that private tut...

TRADUCCIÓN AL ESPAÑOL Y VALIDACIÓN DEL CUESTIONARIO DE CREENCIAS EN SALUD BUCAL PARA CUIDADORES (DCBS-SP

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Constanza Garrido Urrutia

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamentos: Los cuidadores de personas discapacitadas, dependientes, de adultos mayores institucionalizados y hospitalizados deben proveer el cuidado bucal de los pacientes a su cargo, por lo que es necesario contar con un instrumento en español que permita medir las creencias en salud bucal de los cuidadores. El objetivo de esta investigación fue traducir al español el Cuestionario Nursing Dental Coping Belifes Scale (Nursing DCBS y validarlo para su uso en cuidadores de habla hispana. Métodos: El Cuestionario Nursing DCBS fue traducido al español y realizada su adaptabilidad lingüística. Un grupo de expertos realizó su validación por apariencia y contenido. Se llevó a cabo una prueba piloto del cuestionario en español en un grupo de 118 estudiantes de la carrera de técnico en asistente de enfermería de dos institutos profesionales. Se analizó la confiabilidad del instrumento mediante la consistencia interna con el Alfa Cronbach y su estabilidad mediante el Coeficiente de Correlación Intraclase (CCI. Resultados: La evaluación de su consistencia interna mostró valores Alfa para el cuestionario completo de 0,64 y la evaluación de su estabilidad de medición mostró un valor de CCI de 0,5. Conclusiones: El DCBS-Sp para cuidadores es un cuestionario que presenta una consistencia interna que permite recomendarlo como instrumento de medición de creencias en salud bucal de personas que desempeñen el rol de cuidadores. Sin embargo, futuras investigaciones deben reevaluar sus características psicométricas, en especial su estabilidad como instrumento.

Determinantes sociais da saúde e qualidade de vida de cuidadores de crianças com câncer

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Rebeca Silveira Rocha

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo Associar os determinantes sociais de saúde e a qualidade de vida de cuidadores de crianças com câncer. Métodos Estudo transversal, realizado em centro pediátrico do câncer, em Fortaleza/CE, com 176 participantes, durante novembro e dezembro/2013. Utilizou-se questionário contendo determinantes sociais de saúde e World Health Quality of Life-Bref para a avaliação da qualidade de vida. Foram correlacionados os determinantes com as médias dos domínios da qualidade de vida, utilizando a análise de variância (ANOVA. Resultados Houve significância estatística na associação entre o domínio das relações sociais e a escolaridade (p=0,01792 e entre o domínio psicossocial e o sexo do cuidador (p=0,01901. Os cuidadores do sexo masculino, nível educacional alto, mais jovens, casados, do lar e procedentes do interior possuem melhor qualidade de vida. Conclusão O estudo permitiu a compreensão da influência dos determinantes sociais de saúde na qualidade de vida de cuidadores de crianças com câncer.

Merging the Forces of Asynchronous Tutoring and Synchronous Conferencing: A Qualitative Study of Arab ESL Academic Writers Using E-Tutoring

Science.gov (United States)

Alqadoumi, Omar Mohamed

2012-01-01

Previous studies in the field of e-tutoring dealt either with asynchronous tutoring or synchronous conferencing as modes for providing e-tutoring services to English learners. This qualitative research study reports the experiences of Arab ESL tutees with both asynchronous tutoring and synchronous conferencing. It also reports the experiences of…

Los Valores y el Significado de la Existencia. Un Estudio Observacional en Cuidadores Familiares de Pacientes Neurológicos

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DORINA STEFANI

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Se describe el sistema de valores en cuidadores familiares de pacientes neurológicos y se compara por género y etapas del ciclo vital. Se utilizó un diseño de investigación ex post facto. Se administraron a 238 cuidadores el Cuestionario Sociodemográfico y Datos del Cuidado y el Inventario de Valores. Todos los cuidadores acordaron un sistema jerárquico de valores, aunque el sensitivo-afectivo fue mejor evaluado por mujeres, el intelectual por adultos jóvenes, y el estético por adultos mayores. Se apoya la estabilidad del sistema de valores y su relativa flexibilidad según el género y las etapas del ciclo vital, lo cual aporta evidencia empírica para las perspectivas basadas en la fortaleza frente a la adversidad.

Asistencia biopsicosocial a través del uso del tic (línea de atención) a cuidadores de pacientes oncológicos

OpenAIRE

María Mercedes Ramírez-Ordoñez; Sandra Johanna Jiménez-Vergara; Glenys Andreina Pérez-Tarazona

2013-01-01

Objetivo: Brindar asistencia Biopsicosocial a través del uso del TIC (Línea de Atención) a cuidadores de pacientes oncológicos que asisten a la IPS Oncomedical en la ciudad de Cúcuta. Materiales y Métodos: estudio transversal de tipo cuantitativo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 46 cuidadores de pacientes oncológicos que actualmente reciben tratamiento médico en la IPS Oncomedical. Se aplicó la encuesta de caracterización de los cuidadores familiares de personas con enfermedad oncológica, pa...

Investigating Language Tutor Social Inclusion Identities

Science.gov (United States)

Barkhuizen, Gary

2017-01-01

This article explores the identities of tutors working in one-to-one instructional arrangements, which entail a tutor and an adult English learner working together to meet the particular language learning needs and goals of the learner. The tutors in this study are matched with their partners through an organization in New Zealand which aims to…

Conhecimento e intervenção do cuidador na doença de Alzheimer: uma revisão da literatura

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Cinthya Dolores Santos Maia Leite

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Analisar de forma sistemática o conhecimento da doença de Alzheimer (DA e as estratégias adotadas pelo cuidador para lidar com os sintomas apresentados pelo idoso com DA. Métodos: Levantamento de estudos publicados nas bases de dados PubMed, MedLine, Lilacs e SciELO, utilizando os seguintes descritores e termos livres para estratégia de busca, de acordo com suas definições no DeCS e no MeSH: “cuidadores” or “educação em saúde” or “treinamento” or “cuidadores de idosos” and “doença de Alzheimer”; “elderly caregiving” or “training” or “health education” or “caregivers” and “Alzheimer disease”; “cuidadores de personas mayores” or “formación” or “educación en salud” or “cuidadores” and “enfermedad de Alzheimer”. Resultados: Foram eleitos 12 artigos para análise e leitura na íntegra. Os artigos foram classificados em três categorias: 1 Conhecimento acerca do declínio cognitivo e funcional da doença de Alzheimer; 2 Conhecimento acerca dos sintomas psicológicos e comportamentais da demência (SPCD; 3 Conhecimento acerca do comprometimento da linguagem. Na maioria dos estudos, verificou-se que a orientação a respeito do que é a enfermidade e a sua evolução pode interferir na maneira como o cuidador planeja e executa as ações de cuidado. Conclusão: É extremamente necessário criar oportunidades para que os cuidadores familiares e profissionais conheçam a doença para compreender o paciente e, consequentemente, as possibilidades de atuação (seguras e eficazes nesse paciente. Isso é possível mediante implementação de programas psicoeducativos capazes de fornecer informações e orientações práticas para melhorar a assistência oferecida por cuidadores aos pacientes com DA.

PC Tutor. Bericht uber ein PC-gestutzes Tutorensystem = PC Tutor. Report on a Tutoring System with Personal Computer. ZIFF Papiere 75.

Science.gov (United States)

Fritsch, Helmut

A project was conducted to increase as well as to professionalize communication between tutors and learners in a West German university's distance education program by the use of personal computers. Two tutors worked on the systematic development of a PC-based correcting system. The goal, apart from developing general language skills in English,…

Computer Tutors Get Personal

Science.gov (United States)

Johnson, David L.

2005-01-01

After decades of research in artificial intelligence (AI) and cognitive psychology, a number of companies have emerged that offer intelligent tutor system (ITS) soft ware to schools. These systems try to mimic the help that a human tutor would provide to an individual student, something nearly impossible for teachers to accomplish in the…

Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas del cuidador del menor de cinco años

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Doris Amparo Parada-Rico

2011-12-01

Full Text Available La alimentación complementaria iniciada adecuadamente en el menor, permite su crecimiento y desarrollo eficaz. Igualmente la administración de micronutrientes mejora el crecimiento y previene deficiencias que son causa de importantes enfermedades. Los cuidadores en general son los responsables de facilitar o limitar este proceso. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas del cuidador del menor de 5 años frente a la alimentación complementaria y uso de micronutrientes en el municipio de Cúcuta, durante el I semestre de 2011. La investigación es de carácter descriptivo, cuantitativo en el que participaron 339 cuidadores de las unidades básicas Puente Barco Leones, Libertad y Comuneros. El instrumento utilizado fue cuestionario de “Prácticas claves” diseñado por la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS en la estrategia Atención Integral a las Enfermedades Prevalentes de la Infancia (AIEPI y adaptado para la región por el Instituto departamental de Salud (IDS del Norte de Santander. Los resultados demuestran que la introducción de alimentos complementarios se ha realizado en forma oportuna en el 70% de los casos, el destete precoz se ha dado en un 30,08% cuando se inicia ablactación, así mismo se identifica el bajo nivel de conocimientos respecto a la necesidad de introducir micronutrientes en la dieta de los menores de 5 años y sobre los alimentos donde pueden ser hallados. En ausencia de la madre, el cuidador principal del menor ha sido la abuela en el 75% de los casos, dentro de las cuales, algunas imparten el cuidado de acuerdo a sus conocimientos y creencias.

Does Private Tutoring Work? The Effectiveness of Private Tutoring: A Nonparametric Bounds Analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Hof, Stefanie

2014-01-01

Private tutoring has become popular throughout the world. However, evidence for the effect of private tutoring on students' academic outcome is inconclusive; therefore, this paper presents an alternative framework: a nonparametric bounds method. The present examination uses, for the first time, a large representative data-set in a European setting…

Rules of engagement: developing the online tutor

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Lucy Golden

2012-08-01

Full Text Available This paper considers professional development in a context that is familiar and problematic to teaching teams in tertiary education everywhere, that of delivering online programmes with an ever-decreasing complement of staff. The Teaching Qualification Further Education (TQFE teaching team at University of Dundee confronted the reality of reduced staff numbers by centralising tutoring and support for programme participants. The new system involves standardising tutoring as far as possible through generic email, blog and microblog accounts, all badged “TQFE-Tutor” and staffed on a roster basis. Once the new “rules of engagement” via TQFE-Tutor were in place, it became clear that in addition to benefits in terms of student support, there were other unintended positive consequences: opportunities for informal professional development for staff and the promotion of effective team working. The experience of collective tutoring has facilitated collaboration on a range of innovations within online learning. This paper describes the evolution of the TQFE-Tutor innovation and reports upon a small scale study which was carried out to gather the views of the tutor team working with TQFE-Tutor. The authors conclude that the centralisation of communication and tutoring on the TQFE programme has been highly beneficial in terms of professional development for the team.

Twelve tips for successful e-tutoring using electronic portfolios.

Science.gov (United States)

Deketelaere, Ann; Degryse, Jan; De Munter, Agnes; De Leyn, Paul

2009-06-01

E-tutoring by means of a digital portfolio offers personal guidance in a context in which regular face-to-face contact between supervisor and student is difficult. However, implementing e-tutoring in practice is not always straightforward. This article investigates the conditions for successful e-tutoring of electronic portfolios. A combination of three methods is used: our own experience with e-tutoring, interviews with 14 tutors using an e-portfolio and the answers on questionnaires by 107 students. We present 12 tips to increase the chances of successful e-tutoring when using electronic portfolios. E-tutoring by means of electronic portfolios can be a feasible alternative in contexts in which face-to-face tutoring is difficult.

Investigating Microadaptation in One-to-One Human Tutoring

Science.gov (United States)

Siler, Stephanie Ann; VanLehn, Kurt

2015-01-01

The authors investigated whether some advantages of tutoring over other instructional methods are due to microadaptation, or, tutors basing their actions on assessments of tutees they develop during tutoring. In a 2 × 2 between-subjects experiment, independent variables were shared experience (tutors either worked with the same or a different…

Formación del cuidador informal: relación con el tiempo de cuidado a personas dependientes mayores de 65 años

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Encarnación María Zambrano-Domínguez

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: analizar la formación recibida de los/as cuidadores/as informales de personas dependientes mayores de 65 años en relación con el tiempo de cuidado, de la Zona Básica de Salud (ZBS de Los Palacios y Villafranca, de Sevilla (España durante el periodo de octubre de 2010 a mayo de 2011. Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal, descriptivo y correlacional. Muestra: 41 cuidadores/ as. Muestreo no probabilístico intencional. Cuestionario de elaboración propia. Análisis de datos mediante SPSS versión 18.0. Resultados: un 58,5% de las personas cuidadoras no han recibido ningún tipo de formación. De los/as cuidadores/as que han recibido formación, esta ha sido mayoritariamente sobre los cuidados básicos que precisa la persona cuidada. La institución encargada de la formación en la mayoría de los casos ha sido la Unidad de Gestión Clínica, y en cuanto a los profesionales, han sido sobre todo enfermeros/ as. El 50% de los/as cuidadores/as informales llevan como cuidador/a una media de 7,6 años. El promedio del tiempo dedicado diariamente al cuidado en horas es de 10,9 horas. Discusión/conclusiones: los/as cuidadores/as informales de la muestra estudiada que llevan más años dedicados/as al cuidado de una persona dependiente mayor de 65 años son los/as que han recibido en mayor proporción algún tipo de formación.

Relação no cuidado entre o cuidador familiar e o idoso com Alzheimer

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Marcia Daniele Seima

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de estudo quantitativo, de corte transversal, e qualitativo-descritivo, cujo objetivo foi interpretar a relação no cuidado entre cuidadores familiares e idosos com Alzheimer, alicerçada na dialética concreta da participação segundo os quatro preceitos de Gabriel Marcel. A amostra de conveniência foi composta de 208 cuidadores familiares na etapa quantitativa e 36 na qualitativa. Os cuidadores são mulheres (n=178; 86%, idade entre 22 a 83 anos, residem com o idoso (n=169; 81%, têm mais de oito anos de escolaridade (n=147; 71%, não possuem ocupação profissional (n=121; 58% e apresentam sobrecarga moderada (n=96; 46,2%. O tema síntese foi A ordem do mistério entremeado pela esperança sustentada pela fé. A relação entre o familiar e o idoso com Alzheimer envolve amor, fidelidade, esperança e presença. Interpretar esta relação possibilita ao enfermeiro desenvolver a sensibilidade e a criatividade para atuação profissional considerando a subjetividade e o mistério das relações humanas.

Características de los cuidadores de niños con cardiopatías congénitas complejas y su calidad de vida Características dos cuidadores de crianças com cardiopatias congênitas complexas e sua qualidade de vida Characteristics of care takers for children with complex congenital heart defects and the quality of life of the former

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ELIZABETH ROMERO MASSA

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: establecer la relación entre las características y la calidad de vida de los cuidadores familiares de niños con cardiopatías congénitas. Método: estudio analítico transversal. Se midió la calidad de vida con el instrumento propuesto por Ferrell et ál. (1997, "Medición de la calidad de vida de un miembro familiar que brinda cuidados a un paciente". Los cuidadores se caracterizaron con la encuesta "Caracterización de los cuidadores", diseñada por el grupo de Cuidado al Paciente Crónico, de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Para estimar la asociación entre las características de los cuidadores y las dimensiones de la calidad de vida se utilizó el análisis a través de los intervalos de confianza, considerando una diferencia de promedios significativa aquella en la cual que su intervalo de confianza no pasa por 0. Resultados: participaron 91 cuidadores familiares principales de niños con cardiopatías congénitas complejas de la ciudad de Cartagena. Incluyen la asociación entre las características de los cuidadores y los cuatro aspectos del bienestar que evalúan la calidad de vida según Ferrel. Las características que mostraron mayor asociación con las dimensiones de la calidad de vida fueron edad, nivel socioeconómico, tiempo de cuidado y ser único cuidador. Conclusiones: al asociar las características de los cuidadores con la calidad de vida de los mismos se encontró que el nivel socioeconómico y ser único cuidador guarda asociación con el bienestar psicológico reportado, mientras que ser único cuidador se asocia en forma significativa con la dimensión social.Objetivo: estabelecer a relação entre as características e a qualidade de vida dos cuidadores familiares de crianças com cardiopatias congênitas. Método: estudo analítico transversal. A qualidade de vida foi medida mediante o instrumento proposto por Ferrell et ál. (1997, "Medição da qualidade de vida de um membro familiar que cuida de

Analysis of the Dynamics among Tutors in an After-School Tutoring Program in a Homeless Shelter for Families

Science.gov (United States)

MacGillivray, Laurie; Goode, Gretchen S.

2016-01-01

Researchers of after-school tutoring primarily focus on educational outcomes with little attention to the social dynamics of such programs. In our qualitative case study, we examined the nature of interactions among tutors in a tutoring program at a homeless shelter for families. Employing Bourdieu's concepts of "social capital" and…

Reciprocal Tutoring: Design with Cognitive Load Sharing

Science.gov (United States)

Chou, Chih-Yueh; Chan, Tak-Wai

2016-01-01

"Reciprocal tutoring," as reported in "Exploring the design of computer supports for reciprocal tutoring" (Chan and Chou 1997), has extended the meaning and scope of "intelligent tutoring" originally implemented in stand alone computers. This research is a follow-up to our studies on a "learning companion…

Calidad de vida de los cuidadores familiares

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Clara Inés Giraldo Molina

2006-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de esta investigación es describir, desde la perspectiva etnográfica, cómo podría estar afectada la calidad de vida de los cuidadores familiares de adultos mayores con dependencia funcional, como consecuencia del desempeño del rol de cuidador, y según su percepción. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo etnográfico, con apoyo en la etnografía enfocada, en 14 cuidadoras familiares de adultos mayores de 65 años, con más de seis meses a su cuidado, en el municipio de Envigado, Colombia, en 2002, y una muestra de quince entrevistas en profundidad. El análisis de las entrevistas identificó siete grandes temas o categorías con las percepciones de las cuidadoras sobre su rol y los efectos de éste en su calidad de vida: significado de calidad de vida, percepción de la cuidadora sobre el rol de cuidadora, consecuencias del rol sobre su salud física y mental, relaciones cuidadora y persona cuidada, conocimientos y aprendizajes sobre el cuidado de las personas, apoyos que recibe la cuidadora para el cuidado, y la invisibilidad del trabajo de las cuidadoras. Las categorías que emergieron coinciden con las de otros estudios; se hace énfasis en la categoría "la invisibilidad del trabajo de la cuidadora familiar", en tanto es la menos documentada en la literatura, y en la importancia del acercamiento a los valores y las tradiciones de grupos para la interpretación de las respuestas de su vida social.

Relación entre ansiedad, depresión, estrés y sobrecarga en cuidadores familiares de personas con demencia tipo alzheimer por mutación e280a en presenilina 1

OpenAIRE

Luis Méndez; Oscar Giraldo; Daniel Aguirre-Acevedo; Francisco Lopera

2010-01-01

Introducción: El deterioro cognitivo y funcional de la Enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) produce un impacto significativo en el Cuidador Principal. Trastornos de ansiedad y afectivos son mayores en cuidadores familiares de personas con Alzheimer que en la población general. Objetivo: Describir la relación entre Ansiedad, Depresión, Estrés y Sobrecarga en Cuidadores Familiares de personas con demencia tipo Alzheimer por mutación E280A en Presenilina 1. Sujetos y Método: Seleccionamos 14 cuidadores ...

Úlceras por presión en personas con lesión medular: conocimiento de familiares y cuidadores

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ZUILA MARIA DE FIGUEIREDO

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: evaluar el conocimiento sobre los factores de riesgo y prevención de úlceras por presión, desde la perspectiva de los familiares y cuidadores de personas con lesión medular en el domicilio. Método: estudio descriptivo transversal, cuantitativo. La muestra fue de 50 personas. Los datos se recogieron por medio de un cuestionario en los meses de agosto a diciembre de 2008. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa SPSS Windows, versión 13.0. Resultados: se constató que la familia y los cuidadores tienen conocimientos acertados sobre su papel en la prevención, 80% de los casos y los pacientes que presentan mayor riesgo son los postrados en cama, parapléjicos y ancianos (74%; se debe orientar a los pacientes y familiares sobre factores de riesgo de las úlceras por presión (100%; la piel limpia y seca evita la aparición de UP (64%. Con relación a los errores de conocimiento están relacionados con la periodicidad en la valoración de la integridad de la piel (84% y el uso de sábanas de movimiento en el traslado y movilización del paciente (80%. Discusión: el alto índice de aciertos sobre los factores de riesgo pone en evidencia que los familiares y cuidadores poseen buenos conocimientos: están preparados para cuidar; entre tanto, la gran incidencia de errores acerca de las medidas de prevención de las úlceras por presión muestra que familiares y cuidadores no poseen conocimientos adecuados sobre tales medidas. Conclusiones: la investigación muestra que es imprescindible la evaluación del conocimiento de los familiares y cuidadores a fin de implementar acciones correctivas para hacerlos aptos para cuidar de forma adecuada de las personas con lesión medular.

Burden and modifications in life from the perspective of caregivers for patients after stroke Sobrecarga y modificaciones de vida en la perspectiva de los cuidadores de pacientes con accidente vascular cerebral Sobrecarga e modificações de vida na perspectiva dos cuidadores de pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral

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Huana Carolina Cândido Morais

2012-10-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: to analyze the impact that caring has on a member of the family caring for a patient after a cerebrovascular accident, correlating life modifications and mental suffering with the perceived burden. METHOD: a cross-sectional, quantitative study, undertaken in January-April 2010 in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. RESULT: 61 individuals were investigated, monitored by three hospitals' Home Care Program. Data collection was through interviews for identifying life changes, and through the application of three scales for investigating perceived burden, mental state and mental suffering. Respectively these were the Caregiver Burden Scale (CBS, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE and the Self Reported Questionnaire (SRQ. The majority of the carers were female, married, and the children of the stroke patients. The average age was 48.2 years (±12.4. The most-cited life modifications referred to the daily routine, to leisure activities, and to exhaustion or tiredness. Regarding burden, the dimensions of General tension, Isolation and Disappointment stood out. It was ascertained that overload was more severe when the carer presented more symptoms of psychological distress, in the absence of a secondary carer, and when the principal carers reported perceiving changes in their bodies and health. CONCLUSION: an association between burden and the carer's mental state was not observed. Understanding the care, through analysis of the burden and of the knowledge of the biopsychosocial situation will provide support for the nurse's work in reducing the overload for family caregivers.OBJETIVO: analizar el impacto del cuidar para el cuidador familiar de paciente después de accidente vascular cerebral, correlacionando modificaciones de vida y sufrimiento psíquico con la sobrecarga percibida. MÉTODO: estudio transversal, cuantitativo, realizado de enero a abril de 2010, en Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. RESULTADO: se investigaron 61 individuos, acompa

O cuidador familiar, o paciente gravemente enfermo e a morte : a visão e os possíveis aprendizados de familiares cuidadores de pacientes gravemente enfermos em uma comunidade de baixa renda de um centro urbano brasileiro

OpenAIRE

Patricia Lichtenfels

2013-01-01

O envelhecimento populacional e o aumento das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis geram uma demanda crescente por Programas de Cuidados Domiciliares em Atenção Primaria à Saúde, de capacitação de familiares cuidadores e de profissionais da saúde para lidar com a doença avançada e a terminalidade. Esta pesquisa subscreve essa realidade e objetiva compreender a visão de quem cuida de um familiar com doença avançada e os possíveis aprendizados dos cuidadores durante esse processo de cuidar de qu...

Ser cuidador de familiar com câncer de cabeça e pescoço

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Isabel de Melo Honório

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Conhecer a percepção de cuidadores informais sobre o cuidar de um familiar acometido por neoplasia maligna de cabeça e pescoço. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo realizado no período de março a maio de 2014, no ambulatório de radioterapia do Centro de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia (CACON do Hospital Universitário de Brasília (HUB-Brasil, baseado em entrevista semiestruturada com nove cuidadores. Os dados foram submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo, sendo identificadas quatro unidades de significado: “Representação do câncer na família”, “O cuidado visto como dívida, recompensa individual ou reconstituição do elo familiar”, “Repercussões do câncer na vida pessoal do cuidador” e “Rede e apoio sociais utilizados pelos cuidadores”. Resultados: Foram atribuídos ao câncer sentimentos de tristeza e surpresa diante do diagnóstico, bem como a ideia de castigo. O cuidar foi visto como satisfação pessoal, dever cumprido e oportunidade de reaproximação familiar. Sobrecarga e mudança na rotina foram funções alteradas. Religiosidade, troca de experiência na sala de espera e apoio institucional apareceram como estratégias de enfrentamento. Conclusão: A experiência de cuidar de familiar com câncer de cabeça e pescoço tem interferência direta na vida dos cuidadores. O acolhimento institucional ser apontado como uma estratégia dentro da rede social reforça a importância de integrar os cuidadores como parte significativa do plano de cuidados traçado pela equipe de saúde.

Simulation-Based Cryosurgery Intelligent Tutoring System Prototype.

Science.gov (United States)

Sehrawat, Anjali; Keelan, Robert; Shimada, Kenji; Wilfong, Dona M; McCormick, James T; Rabin, Yoed

2016-04-01

As a part of an ongoing effort to develop computerized training tools for cryosurgery, the current study presents a proof of concept for a computerized tool for cryosurgery tutoring. The tutoring system lists geometrical constraints of cryoprobes placement, simulates cryoprobe insertion, displays a rendered shape of the prostate, enables distance measurements, simulates the corresponding thermal history, and evaluates the mismatch between the target region shape and a preselected planning isotherm. The quality of trainee planning is measured in comparison with a computer-generated planning, created for each case study by previously developed planning algorithms. The following two versions of the tutoring system have been tested in the current study: (1) an unguided version, where the trainee can practice cases in unstructured sessions and (2) an intelligent tutoring system, which forces the trainee to follow specific steps, believed by the authors to potentially shorten the learning curve. Although the tutoring level in this study aims only at geometrical constraints on cryoprobe placement and the resulting thermal histories, it creates a unique opportunity to gain insight into the process outside the operation room. Post-test results indicate that the intelligent tutoring system may be more beneficial than the nonintelligent tutoring system, but the proof of concept is demonstrated with either system. © The Author(s) 2015.

Tutoring Online: Increasing Effectiveness with Best Practices

Science.gov (United States)

Turrentine, Penny; MacDonald, Lucy

2006-01-01

Is tutoring online more than just email? Two yearlong studies explored tutoring online in two different modes. One, from Atlantic Community College in New Jersey, looked at asynchronous (not real time) tutoring online using a discussion board. The other, at Pima Community College in Arizona, used synchronous (real time) online software. The…

Automated Session-Quality Assessment for Human Tutoring Based on Expert Ratings of Tutoring Success

Science.gov (United States)

Nye, Benjamin D.; Morrison, Donald M.; Samei, Borhan

2015-01-01

Archived transcripts from tens of millions of online human tutoring sessions potentially contain important knowledge about how online tutors help, or fail to help, students learn. However, without ways of automatically analyzing these large corpora, any knowledge in this data will remain buried. One way to approach this issue is to train an…

Intelligent Tutor

Science.gov (United States)

1990-01-01

NASA also seeks to advance American education by employing the technology utilization process to develop a computerized, artificial intelligence-based Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) to help high school and college physics students. The tutoring system is designed for use with the lecture and laboratory portions of a typical physics instructional program. Its importance lies in its ability to observe continually as a student develops problem solutions and to intervene when appropriate with assistance specifically directed at the student's difficulty and tailored to his skill level and learning style. ITS originated as a project of the Johnson Space Center (JSC). It is being developed by JSC's Software Technology Branch in cooperation with Dr. R. Bowen Loftin at the University of Houston-Downtown. Program is jointly sponsored by NASA and ACOT (Apple Classrooms of Tomorrow). Other organizations providing support include Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board, the National Research Council, Pennzoil Products Company and the George R. Brown Foundation. The Physics I class of Clear Creek High School, League City, Texas are providing the classroom environment for test and evaluation of the system. The ITS is a spinoff product developed earlier to integrate artificial intelligence into training/tutoring systems for NASA astronauts flight controllers and engineers.

Cuidador familiar del niño con cáncer: un rol en transición

OpenAIRE

Sonia Carreño-Moreno; Lorena Chaparro- Díaz; Paola Blanco-Sánchez

2017-01-01

El objetivo de este artículo es integrar los hallazgos derivados de investigación que evidencian que el ser cuidador de un niño con cáncer denota un rol en transición. La metodología que se empleó fue la revisión integrativa de literatura que incluyó la búsqueda sistemática de esta, una lectura crítica de las publicaciones, la integración de hallazgos con apoyo en Atlas Ti ver- sión 7, en un proceso de comparación constante. Pudo ¿verse que el cuidador del niño con cán - cer ...

Tutoring Adolescents in Literacy: A Meta-Analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Jun, Seung Won; Ramirez, Gloria; Cumming, Alister

2010-01-01

What does research reveal about tutoring adolescents in literacy? We conducted a meta-analysis, identifying 152 published studies, of which 12 met rigorous inclusion criteria. We analyzed the 12 studies for the effects of tutoring according to the type, focus, and amount of tutoring; the number, age, and language background of students; and the…

Cuidadores informais de idosos em pós-operatório de cirurgia de fêmur proximal: prevenção de novas quedas

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Marla Andréia Garcia de Avila

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Os objetivos foram caracterizar sociodemograficamente os cuidadores informais de idosos vítimas de queda seguida por fratura de fêmur proximal e verificar o conhecimento mínimo que possuíam acerca da prevenção de novas quedas, assim como caracterizar a relação entre esse conhecimento e o emprego de medidas preventivas. Trata-se de estudo transversal, com amostragem intencional, realizado em 12 meses, incluindo 89 cuidadores. Predominaram cuidadores do sexo feminino (76,4% e filhas(os (64%. A modificação ambiental foi a medida preventiva predominante apontada por eles (88,2%. Houve associação significativa (p = 0,002, entre os 58,1% dos cuidadores que achavam ser possível prevenir quedas e os relatos sobre mudanças na casa e/ou rotina do idoso. Observou-se que cuidadores informais que apresentavam conhecimento sobre prevenção de quedas em idosos, mesmo que incompletos, empregavam medidas de prevenção para novos eventos. Esses achados sinalizam que o número de quedas entre idosos pode ser reduzido significantemente se os programas de atenção à saúde ampliarem suas ações apoiando-as no modelo de prevenção de quedas da Organização Mundial de Saúde.

Sobrecarga no cuidar e suas repercussões nos cuidadores de pacientes em fim de vida: revisão sistemática da literatura

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Mayra Delalibera

2015-09-01

Full Text Available ResumoCuidar de um familiar com doença avançada e/ou em fim de vida pode representar uma grande sobrecarga emocional, física e financeira que afeta a qualidade de vida dos cuidadores. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre a sobrecarga no cuidar, os fatores relacionados e suas consequências nos cuidadores de pacientes com câncer avançado em fim de vida ou em cuidados paliativos. Foi realizada uma busca de artigos científicos publicados nas bases de dados EBSCO, Web of Knowledge e Bireme, desde os primeiros registros nas respectivas bases de dados sobre o tema até março de 2014. Dos 582 artigos encontrados, apenas 27 foram selecionados. A maioria dos artigos afirma que os cuidadores familiares estão sobrecarregados. Em alguns estudos, a sobrecarga no cuidar aparece associada a características do paciente e da sua doença; em outros, a um pior estado de saúde do cuidador, a uma maior sintomatologia psicopatológica (ansiedade, depressão, distress emocional e também ao desenvolvimento de complicações no luto. Porém, a esperança, o apoio social, a capacidade do cuidador de atribuir um significado à experiência de cuidar e se sentir confortável com as tarefas de cuidar foram associados a menores níveis de sobrecarga.

Authoring Model-Tracing Cognitive Tutors

Science.gov (United States)

Blessing, Stephen B.; Gilbert, Stephen B.; Ourada, Stephen; Ritter, Steven

2009-01-01

Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) that employ a model-tracing methodology have consistently shown their effectiveness. However, what evidently makes these tutors effective, the cognitive model embedded within them, has traditionally been difficult to create, requiring great expertise and time, both of which come at a cost. Furthermore, an…

Cuidado realizado pelo cuidador familiar ao idoso dependente, em domicílio, no contexto da estratégia de Saúde da Família

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Luciane Almeida Floriano

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Estudio exploratorio-descriptivo de abordaje cualitativo que tuvo como objetivo describir cómo los cuidadores familiares realizan la atención a las personas mayores en situación de dependencia. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas con 24 cuidadores en sus hogares. Los resultados indicaron que la atención a las personas mayores en situación de dependencia desarrollados, es una actividad que lleva a cambios en la vida de los cuidadores, que puede generar un estrés físico, emocional y social. La enfermería como elemento clave de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia, debe estar atento a las necesidades de los mayores dependientes, y, más cerca de los cuidadores con el fin de orientar y supervisar la atención prestada, con el fin de apoyar la atención integral para, es decir, las personas mayores y sus familias.

Perfil e grau de dependência de idosos e sobrecarga de seus cuidadores Perfil y grado de dependencia de personas de la tercera edad y sobrecarga de sus cuidadores Profile and degree of dependency of the elderly and overload of their caregivers

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Helena Meika Uesugui

2011-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar o perfil e o grau de dependência de idosos usuários de um Centro de Internação Domiciliar, bem como o perfil e a sobrecarga em seus cuidadores. MÉTODOS: Estudo exploratório e descritivo composto por amostra de 31 idosos e 31 cuidadores. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista no domicílio, com aplicação de questionário semiestruturado, contendo variáveis sóciodemográficas. Para avaliação do grau de dependência dos idosos, foram utilizados o Índice de Katz e Escala de Lawton e a sobrecarga dos cuidadores foi mensurada com base na Escala Zarit Burden Interview. RESULTADOS: Foi revelado percentual elevado de idosos com dependência total para atividades básicas e instrumentais da vida diária, sendo a variável estatisticamente significativa em relação à sobrecarga dos cuidadores e a percepção sobre seu estado de saúde. CONCLUSÃO: A análise das variáveis estudadas pode contribuir para o delineamento de propostas de intervenção baseada nas reais necessidades do grupo estudado.OBJETIVO: Analizar el perfil y el grado de dependencia de personas de la tercera edad usuarios de un Centro de Internamiento Domiciliario, así como el perfil y la sobrecarga en sus cuidadores. MÉTODOS: Estudio exploratorio y descriptivo compuesto por una muestra de 31 personas de la tercera edad y 31 cuidadores. La recolección de datos se realizó por medio de entrevista en el domicilio, con aplicación de un cuestionario semiestructurado, conteniendo variables sociodemográficas. Para la evaluación del grado de dependencia de las personas de la tercera edad, fueron utilizados el Índice de Katz y la Escala de Lawton y la sobrecarga de los cuidadores fue mensurada con base en la Escala Zarit Burden Interview. RESULTADOS: Fue revelado un porcentaje elevado de personas de la tercera edad con dependencia total para actividades básicas e instrumentales de la vida diaria, siendo la variable estad

Stupid Tutoring Systems, Intelligent Humans

Science.gov (United States)

Baker, Ryan S.

2016-01-01

The initial vision for intelligent tutoring systems involved powerful, multi-faceted systems that would leverage rich models of students and pedagogies to create complex learning interactions. But the intelligent tutoring systems used at scale today are much simpler. In this article, I present hypotheses on the factors underlying this development,…

Línea de atención para el cuidador principal de pacientes oncológicos con soporte social

OpenAIRE

María Mercedes Ramírez Ordoñez,; Astrid Carolina Ramírez Suarez,; Lelsy Johana Vergel Pérez,; Liseth Fernand SantaféTamayo

2012-01-01

La presente investigación buscó evaluar el soporte social con el uso de Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (Tics) y las líneas telefónicas como mecanismo de satisfacción de los cuidadores principales de pacientes oncológicos asistentes a tratamiento en la Institución Prestadora de Salud (IPS) Oncomedical. Corresponde a un estudio cuantitativo con 112 cuidadores de pacientes oncológicos entre los meses de mayo y diciembre de 2010. Para la recolección de los datos se utilizó el instrumen...

Perfil de cuidadores de enfermos en cuidados paliativos Caregivers of palliative care home patients

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Natalia Luxardo

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Diversos estudios coinciden en señalar que el hogar es el ámbito que pacientes y familiares prefieren para el cuidado del enfermo terminal y donde transcurre la mayor parte del último año de vida. Los cuidadores informales se han convertido en un importante componente de los cuidados paliativos. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: 1 identificar y describir aspectos relevantes relativos a las tareas del cuidado de pacientes con enfermedades terminales en el hogar, desde la perspectiva de los propios cuidadores y 2 proponer una clasificación de los diferentes tipos de cuidados provistos, elaborando perfiles de cuidadores. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa mediante un cuestionario auto-administrado, con un diseño flexible de alcance exploratorio-descriptivo que incorporó técnicas cuantitativas para medir determinados aspectos analizados con el paquete estadístico SPSS (12.01. La unidad de análisis estuvo constituida por 50 cuidadores de pacientes con enfermedades terminales atendidos en el Servicio de Cuidados Paliativos del Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A. Lanari (Ciudad de Buenos Aires durante los años 2007 y 2008. Tres aspectos fueron evaluados: a el cuidado cotidiano del paciente, b las percepciones sobre los deseos del enfermo y c las reflexiones sobre el propio papel del cuidador. Fueron identificados cuatro perfiles de cuidadores: 1 los satisfechos con la provisión de la atención dada, con soporte en una red organizada de amigos y familiares involucrados, 2 los potencialmente vulnerables, con aparente control de la situación pero con factores de riesgo de deterioro, 3 los que se sentían desbordados en estas tareas y que explícitamente expresaban las dificultades de cuidar y 4 los aislados en su rol, compuesto por esposas solas que preferían no molestar ni pedir ayuda.Research suggests that patients spend most of the last year of their life at home and that this is the place where they often choose to stay

Caracterización demográfica de cuidadores informales de ancianos con ictus y demencias en Santiago de Cuba / Demographic characterization of informal caretakers of ancient with ictus and dementias in Santiago de Cuba

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Larissa Beatriz Turtós Carbonell

2016-07-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación se realizó para caracterizar demográficamente a una población de cuidadores informales de pacientes con ictus y demencia, e identificar la relación estadística entre características demográficas y patologías asociadas a la tarea de cuidador. Para ello se realizó un estudio descriptivo con 237 cuidadores. Se aplicó una Encuesta para obtener la información necesaria. El análisis de datos implicó estadística descriptiva y correlacional. El 71.7% de cuidadores fue mujer, el 28.3% hombre. La edad media es de 49.83 años, y el tiempo medio de dedicación a la tarea de 42.86 meses. El 49.4% de cuidadores son hijos o parejas del enfermo, el 50.6% tiene otros vínculos consanguíneos. El 53.2% es cuidador a tiempo completo, mientras 46.7% a tiempo parcial

Learning from a Computer Tutor with Natural Language Capabilities

Science.gov (United States)

Michael, Joel; Rovick, Allen; Glass, Michael; Zhou, Yujian; Evens, Martha

2003-01-01

CIRCSIM-Tutor is a computer tutor designed to carry out a natural language dialogue with a medical student. Its domain is the baroreceptor reflex, the part of the cardiovascular system that is responsible for maintaining a constant blood pressure. CIRCSIM-Tutor's interaction with students is modeled after the tutoring behavior of two experienced…

Engaging Students as Tutors, Trainers, and Leaders

Science.gov (United States)

Derrick, Deirdre

2015-01-01

While starting a tutoring program may seem like a daunting and time-consuming task, it does not have to be. The best way to approach the creation and development of a tutoring service is with a list of clear objectives. In this article, the author describes the process she used to create a tutoring program with her English as a foreign language…

The near-peer tutoring programme: embracing the 'doctors-to-teach' philosophy - a comparison of the effects of participation between the senior and junior near-peer tutors.

Science.gov (United States)

Liew, Siaw-Cheok; Sow, Chew-Fei; Sidhu, Jagmohni; Nadarajah, Vishna Devi

2015-01-01

Background While there is an increasing pool of literature documenting the benefits of near-peer tutoring programme, little is known about the benefits for junior and senior peer tutors. Knowledge of the peer tutors' perceived benefits at different levels of seniority will aid in the development of a near-peer tutoring programme that will better fulfil both curricula and personal aspirations of near-peer tutors. We, therefore, investigated the perceived benefits of participation in a near-peer tutoring programme for junior as well as senior near-peer tutors. Methods Pre- and post-participation questionnaires were distributed to near-peer tutors after their clinical skills teaching sessions with Phase I undergraduate medical students. The Peer Tutor Assessment Instrument questionnaires were distributed to the 1) students, and to the 2) near-peer tutors (junior and senior) after each teaching and learning session for self-evaluation. Results The senior near-peer tutors felt that their participation in the programme had enhanced their skills (p=0.03). As a whole, the near-peer tutors were more motivated (Pre 5.32±0.46; Post 5.47±0.50; p=0.210) to participate in future teaching sessions but did not expect that having teaching experiences would make teaching as their major career path in the future (Pre 4.63±1.07; Post 4.54±0.98; p=0.701). The senior near-peer tutors were evaluated significantly higher by the students (p=0.0001). Students' evaluations of near-peer tutors on the domain of critical analysis was higher than self-evaluations (p=0.003). Conclusions Generally, the near-peer tutors perceived that they have benefited most in their skills enhancement and these near-peer tutors were scored highly by the students. However, senior near-peer tutors do not perceive that the programme has a lasting impact on their choice of career path.

The near-peer tutoring programme: embracing the 'doctors-to-teach' philosophy--a comparison of the effects of participation between the senior and junior near-peer tutors.

Science.gov (United States)

Liew, Siaw-Cheok; Sow, Chew-Fei; Sidhu, Jagmohni; Nadarajah, Vishna Devi

2015-01-01

While there is an increasing pool of literature documenting the benefits of near-peer tutoring programme, little is known about the benefits for junior and senior peer tutors. Knowledge of the peer tutors' perceived benefits at different levels of seniority will aid in the development of a near-peer tutoring programme that will better fulfil both curricula and personal aspirations of near-peer tutors. We, therefore, investigated the perceived benefits of participation in a near-peer tutoring programme for junior as well as senior near-peer tutors. Pre- and post-participation questionnaires were distributed to near-peer tutors after their clinical skills teaching sessions with Phase I undergraduate medical students. The Peer Tutor Assessment Instrument questionnaires were distributed to the 1) students, and to the 2) near-peer tutors (junior and senior) after each teaching and learning session for self-evaluation. The senior near-peer tutors felt that their participation in the programme had enhanced their skills (p=0.03). As a whole, the near-peer tutors were more motivated (Pre 5.32±0.46; Post 5.47±0.50; p=0.210) to participate in future teaching sessions but did not expect that having teaching experiences would make teaching as their major career path in the future (Pre 4.63±1.07; Post 4.54±0.98; p=0.701). The senior near-peer tutors were evaluated significantly higher by the students (p=0.0001). Students' evaluations of near-peer tutors on the domain of critical analysis was higher than self-evaluations (p=0.003). Generally, the near-peer tutors perceived that they have benefited most in their skills enhancement and these near-peer tutors were scored highly by the students. However, senior near-peer tutors do not perceive that the programme has a lasting impact on their choice of career path.

Two approaches to physics tutoring

Science.gov (United States)

Solomaniuck, Tania

One in two first-year students at science or biomedical faculties fail in basic subjects such as mathematics, chemistry or physics. Course-specific tutoring is one of the available means for improving their performance. In the present research, two tutoring models are developed. Both incorporate independent learning, but from different perspectives and priorities. A pragmatic tutoring approach. The first part of the thesis describes the search process for an optimal course-specific tutoring strategy for a standard first-year physics course in life sciences curricula. After a number of empirical research rounds, a pragmatic compromise emerged as the most suitable form of tutoring. The approach is characterised by: (1) priority to questions from students; (2) a high degree of interactivity with the tutor and among students; (3) due consideration to the number of questions to be dealt with and the depth in which they should be discussed. Most students participating in the tutoring sessions expressed their satisfaction and performed sufficiently well in their exams. However, there was still a problem: the students' insight into the course material was restricted to first-order processing of the syllabus. While this would be satisfactory in non-scientific study programmes, it is deemed insufficient in programmes where deeper insight is required in order that students be able to deal adequately with new conceptual questions or problems. In-depth tutoring. In science programmes, the core objective is for students to acquire in-depth knowledge. Therefore, science educators are designing and studying teaching methods that are geared not only to the acquisition of in-depth knowledge as such, but also to the motivation of students to take a more in-depth approach to learning. Some of the crucial notions in their research are: the extent to which the course content ties in with students' prior knowledge, problem-setting strategies and concept-context linking. 'In

Sobrecarga, psicopatologías y relación con el farmacéutico comunitario en cuidadores informales de enfermos de Alzheimer

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Vérez Cotelo N

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción: El cuidado diario de un familiar enfermo de Alzheimer (EA supondrá un estrés emocional y físico importante para el cuidador. El resultado puede desembocar en un intenso sentimiento de sobrecarga y conducir a diversas psicopatologías como depresión, ansiedad, agresividad, astenia psicofísica, etc. El aumento en la incidencia de la enfermedad está provocando escasez de cuidadores y falta de apoyo social e institucional a las familias que se encargan de cuidar a un EA. Objetivos: Revisar las características del apoyo que las estructuras sociales y sanitarias prestan a los cuidadores informales (CI de EA, conocer su perfil, la percepción que tienen de su situación y su estado de ánimo, detectar posibles psicopatologías que les afecten, cuantificar el nivel de sobrecarga, evaluar el apoyo social percibido, el grado de satisfacción familiar y la relación con su farmacia habitual. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal en el que participan CI de EA no institucionalizados, reclutados en las asociaciones de familiares de EA de Galicia, mayores de 18 años y que den su consentimiento informado. Variable principal: puntuación del test de Zarit de sobrecarga del cuidador. Otras: socio-demográficas, ansiedad (STAI, depresión (Beck y apoyo social (Duke-UNC y familiar (APGAR percibido. Discusión: Los resultados de la metodología implementada en este estudio pueden servir para desarrollar programas similares en la farmacia comunitaria, en la que los farmacéuticos comunitarios colaboren en la detección de posibles psicopatologías, y contribuir, mediante la prestación de servicios profesionales, a conseguir una mejora en la calidad de vida y estado de salud de los cuidadores.

Programas e intervenciones de apoyo a los cuidadores informales en España Supporting programs and interventions for informal care providers in Spain

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Mª Pilar Torres Egea

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Cuidar a personas con dependencia es una responsabilidad que implica a los familiares más directos. El cuidado individualizado suele recaer en una persona a quien se identifica como el cuidador principal. La sobrecarga que genera el cuidado continuado hace preciso que este cuidador reciba un soporte de los profesionales del ámbito sanitario y/o social. Desde el sector formal se realizan diversos programas e intervenciones, individuales o grupales, para dar soporte a los cuidadores de personas con dependencia. El presente trabajo analiza las publicaciones científicas, aparecidas en los últimos diez años, que tratan sobre diferentes programas e intervenciones de soporte a los cuidadores informales, y que surgen de la preocupación de diferentes profesionales por la calidad de vida y la salud de los cuidadores.Taking care of dependent people is a task the performance of which involves the family members. Individualized care burden is normally borne on only one person, who is identified as the main caregiver. The burden that these care activities generate makes necessary that care provider receives professional assistance from healthcare and social experts. From the formal area some programs and interventions, from both individuals and groups, are conducted to support care providers for dependent people. This work analyzes scientific publications, appeared in the last ten years, which focus on some programs and interventions to support non-professional caregivers and which arise out of some professionals worries for care providers health and quality of life.

Impacto psicosocial del síndrome demencial en cuidadores cruciales Psychosocial impact of demential syndrome in crucial care givers

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Juan Carlos LLibre Guerra

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Las demencias, entidades de elevada frecuencia en el adulto mayor, constituyen un creciente problema de salud en países con una alta expectativa de vida como el nuestro, no solo por su magnitud, sino por su repercusión a nivel individual, familiar y social. Se presenta un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, realizado en el período comprendido entre enero de 2003 y enero de 2005, en las áreas de salud del municipio Marianao, con el objetivo de determinar el impacto psicosocial del síndrome demencial en cuidadores cruciales. Se visitaron 110 cuidadores de pacientes con demencia y enfermedad de Alzheimer diagnosticados de acuerdo con los criterios del DSM-IV. Los cuidadores cruciales de los pacientes con demencia correspondieron en su mayoría a mujeres casadas, esposa o hijas del paciente, en la quinta década de la vida, amas de casa, y con un nivel medio de escolaridad. El cuidador dedica alrededor de 12 h diarias al cuidado del paciente, la mayor parte en la supervisión. Se evidenció afectación psicológica en el 89 % de los cuidadores. El nivel de sobrecarga o estrés en la muestra es significativamente elevado. Los cuidadores consideran como primera prioridad información acerca de la enfermedad y atención al paciente. Se recomienda realizar un plan de intervención educativa dirigido a los cuidadores, que permita reducir la sobrecarga física, psicológica y económica del cuidado y mejorar su calidad de vida.The dementias, entities of an elevated frequency in the older adult, are an increasing health problem in countries with a high life expectancy at birth as ours, not only because of their magnitude, but also because of their repercussion at the individual, familiar and social levels. A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken from January 2003 to January 2005 in the health areas of Marianao municipality with the objective of determining the psychosocial impact of the demential syndrome in crucial care givers. 110

Digitales Peer-Tutoring - Explorative Analyse eines Peer-Video-Tutoring auf YouTube

OpenAIRE

Lebedynska, Viktoriya

2016-01-01

Als eine der erfolgreichsten und empirisch gut erforschten Methoden ist das Peer-Tutoring in den pädagogischen Kreisen äußerst beliebt. Neue organisatorische Anforderungen an Schule, wie die Einführung von G8 und die steigende Erwerbstätigkeit beider Elternteile, sowie neue didaktische Anforderungen, wie etwa Inklusion, eröffnen neue Möglichkeiten und Potentiale für den Einsatz des Peer-Tutoring. Die vorliegende Arbeit hat die Bearbeitung zweier Schwerpunkte zum Ziel. Zunächst wird das kla...

[The good PBL tutor--to be or not to be: instructional films for tutors].

Science.gov (United States)

Skelin, Silvia; Huwendiek, Sören; Nikendei, Christoph; Dieter, Peter; Kirschfink, Michael; Bosse, Hans-Martin

2008-01-01

Many faculties worldwide apply the method of problem-based learning (PBL) in their curricula as a form of instruction by which students in small groups develop problem-solving strategies on the basis of a specific case. This approach fosters self-responsible and context-dependent learning, which aims at providing an improved anchoring of knowledge. For this reason, the previous decades have seen a distribution of the method to medical schools across the world. The role of the tutor assumes particular importance since, in contrast to the traditional university system, he or she serves as a facilitator who fosters and structures content-related and group-dynamic learning processes. In some cases, this requires an intervention by the tutor. The major challenge is to intervene at the right time and in an appropriate manner. This paper presents examples of difficult PBL situations using short film sequences to demonstrate and comments on potential approaches of the tutor in attempting to resolve the problem. Standard problem situations within a PBL tutorial were defined and produced in a film. A collection of seven frequent critical PBL situations are presented in short film sequences. Potential instruments of intervention are demonstrated in the videos and discussed. The film sequences may be downloaded in the supplementary of the electronic version of this article (www.sciencedirect.com). Within the framework of a tutor-training programme, the problematic situations and interventions presented in this article will help to sensitise tutors to potentially critical PBL tutorial situations and aid the development of individual resolution approaches.

HIGHER EDUCATION, ONLINE TUTORING AND THE TEACHING PROFESSION

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Luis Roberto de Camargo Ribeiro

2009-12-01

Full Text Available This article brings the analysis of a study—of a descriptive-analytical nature—about online tutoring, some of its characteristics and peculiarities as compared to face-to-face education. To this end it analyzes the results of an online questionnaire answered by 222 tutors pertaining to programs offered at Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar in partnership with Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB and Brazilian townships. The analysis focused on tutors’ characteristics (e.g., sex, education background and teaching experience, their work organization and activities, the division of labor (between tutors and teachers responsible for subjects, and their perceptions about the nature of tutoring and education at a distance (DE. This study is chiefly based on authors such as Lortie, Tardif, and Shulman—about face-to-face teaching—and Mill, Maggio, and Kenski—on distance education. The results of this study point to the predominance of female tutors, which resembles the makeup of the teaching body in face-to-face education at the lower levels, and indicate the respondents’ high levels of schooling and considerable face-to-face teaching experience. Despite the difficulties encountered by the tutors in this study, mainly due to their lack of experience in DE and varied technical problems, most of the tutors found it easy and pleasurable to work online. The dada also suggest that the tutors enjoyed comparative autonomy as regards actions associated with content transmission as well as actions related to (virtual classroom management. This autonomy may be the basis for the respondents’ perception that the online tutor, in the context under consideration, performs a genuine teaching function.

The Effectiveness of Tutoring on Developmental English Grades

Science.gov (United States)

Vick, Nicholas; Robles-Piña, Rebecca A.; Martirosyan, Nara M.; Kite, Valerie

2015-01-01

Tutoring is an important form of academic support for developmental education students. A comparison study was conducted to investigate the benefits of tutoring on the final grades for developmental English students who participated in tutoring versus those students who did not. The final grades for three consecutive semesters were analyzed to…

Soporte social con el uso de tic’s para cuidadores familiares de personas con enfermedad crónica

OpenAIRE

Carrillo, Gloria Mabel; Chaparro, Olivia Lorena; Barrera, Lucy; Sanchez, beatriz; Pinto, Raquel Natividad

2012-01-01

Objetivo Determinar la efectividad del soporte social dado con el uso de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC’S) a los cuidadores familiares de personas con enfermedad crónica.  Material y Métodos. Estudio descriptivo, exploratorio realizado en Bogotá en 2008 y 2009 con 144 cuidadores familiares de personas con enfermedad crónica  que constó de tres etapas para su desarrollo: 1. Planeación, diseño de la TIC’s,  aplicación de  prueba piloto y  selección de  población objeto;  ...

Aporte de enfermería a la calidad de vida del cuidador familiar del paciente con Alzheimer

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Lina María Vargas-Escobar

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: generar una reflexión acerca de las intervenciones de enfermería en la atención de los cuidadores de pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer a partir de la revisión de la literatura que aborda los diferentes aspectos de la calidad de vida de esta población. Método: se efectuó una revisión de la literatura científica y académica con 40 artículos publicados entre 2000 y 2011 en bases de datos (ISI Web of Science, SciELO, Medline, Pubmed, Science Direct y Ovid así como los resultados de Google Scholar. Resultados: se evidencian los principales aspectos que integran la calidad de vida para el cuidador, especialmente en el ámbito subjetivo, representados en las dimensiones físicas, psicológicas, sociales y espirituales. Conclusiones: la calidad de vida del cuidador familiar del paciente con Alzheimer está dada por las condiciones objetivas y subjetivas que integran el concepto. Enfermería tiene el potencial de participar no solo desde la práctica clínica y comunitaria, sino desde los roles en educación, investigación y política pública.

International Students as Peer Tutors: Is It Lawful?

Science.gov (United States)

Leach-López, Maria A.

2010-01-01

Students enrolled in Principles of Accounting courses might require peer tutoring services. Accounting Departments (schools) can assist these students by maintaining a list of students offering tutoring services for a fee. The opportunity to be included in the list of tutors must be offered to all university students, both domestic and foreign.…

Resiliencia y Variables Asociadas en Cuidadores Informales de Pacientes con Alzheimer/Resilience and Associated Variables in Informal Caregivers of Alzheimer Patients/Resiliência e Variáveis Associadas em Cuidadores Informais de Pacientes com Alzheimer

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Ara Mercedes Cerquera Córdoba

2016-03-01

Full Text Available La resiliencia es una variable protectora ante el rol del cuidador, por ello, este estudio pretende identificar la relación entre la resiliencia y la sobrecarga, la depresión, la percepción de apoyo social y estrategias de afrontamiento. Se trata de un estudio transversal de alcance correlacional que contó con una muestra de 101 cuidadores, evaluados por medio de los instrumentos Zarit, mos, ider, Coping, la Escala de Resiliencia de Wagnild y Young. Se identificaron correlaciones positivas estadísticamente significativas entre apoyo social y solución de problemas como estrategia de afrontamiento y resiliencia, y correlaciones egativas con depresión, evidenciando en estos resultados los factores protectores y de riesgo que pueden aportar a la creación de futuros programas de intervención.

Holistic curriculum development: tutoring as a support process ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The tutor's role in these involves different aspects of teaching and learning. In this article I explore the value of tutoring as a means of supporting the holistic curriculum development process. I reflect on the reason for introducing a system of tutoring for students in curriculum studies and the results of its implementation on ...

The Politics of Tutoring: Feminism within the Patriarchy.

Science.gov (United States)

Woolbright, Meg

1992-01-01

Examines a writing conference between a tutor and a student, both feminists. Discusses the conflicts expressed by the tutor and the student as they attempt to espouse feminist values within a patriarchal system. Concludes that feminism (and good tutoring) will have a chance only if students have options and the power to choose. (RS)

Perception of the quality of life of family caregivers of adults with cancer Percepción de la calidad de vida de cuidadores familiares de adultos con cáncer Percepção da qualidade de vida de cuidadores familiares de adultos com câncer

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Carmen Liliana Escobar Ciro

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Objective. To describe the perception of the quality of life of family caregivers of adult individuals with cancer. Methodology. Descriptive study conducted in 2008 with a convenience sample of 209 caregivers of adults with cancer who attended oncology units in Medellín, Colombia. The instrument proposed by Ferrell et al., was used to measure the quality of life of the family member caring for the patient, which evaluates quality of life through 37 items that integrate their meaning in the: physical (5 items, psychological (16 items, spiritual (9 items, and social (7 items well-being. The evaluation of each item is conducted through a Likert-type scale from 1 to 4. Interpretation of the total score and by subscale is an inverse relationship between the score and the deterioration of the caregiver's state. Results. The participants perceive as most affected the dimensions from the physical (83.2%, psychological (80.9%, and social well-being (75.6% quality of life scale. The spiritual dimension was the least affected (9.1%. Conclusion. Caregivers of adult patients with cancer have a negative perception of their quality of life. Nursing should participate to support these caregiversObjetivo. Describir la percepción de la calidad de vida de cuidadores familiares de personas adultas con cáncer. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo realizado en 2008 con una muestra por conveniencia de 209 cuidadores de adultos con cáncer quienes asistieron a unidades de oncología de Medellín, Colombia. Se empleó el instrumento propuesto por Ferrell et al. para la medición de la calidad de vida del familiar que brinda cuidados al paciente, a partir de 37 ítems que integran su significado en los bienestares: físico (5 ítems, psicológico (16 ítems, espiritual (9 ítems y social (7 ítems. La evaluación de cada ítem se efectúa mediante una escala de 1 a 4 tipo Likert. La interpretación del puntaje total y por subescala es una relación inversa entre el

Exploring the tutor-student interaction in a blended university course

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Krasnova Tatiana

2016-01-01

Full Text Available A meaningful tutor-student interaction requires a new insight into pedagogical principles and proper implementation of modern teaching strategies. This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of online tutoring in blended learning settings and the impact of the tutor-student interaction on the learning process. The article reports on the results of the study on students’ evaluation of the tutor’s role and the tutor-student interaction in a blended university course. The findings show that professional tutoring and the effective tutor-student interaction help students to improve their learning efficacy and to have a greater personal responsibility for their outcomes.

Development of Peer Tutoring Services to Support Osteopathic Medical Students' Academic Success.

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Swindle, Nicholas; Wimsatt, Leslie

2015-11-01

Peer tutoring can benefit both tutors and tutored students, but information is lacking regarding establishing and measuring outcomes of such a program at new medical schools. To examine the outcomes of a pilot peer tutoring initiative and explore the implications for long-term program development. Fifty-one osteopathic medical students who participated in a pilot peer tutoring program during the 2013-2014 academic year were surveyed regarding satisfaction with the program. Course grade means for the tutors (all courses) and tutored students (specific courses) were analyzed before and after participating in the tutoring experience. Data analyses were performed using frequency distributions, t tests, and qualitative assessment of emergent themes. The survey had a 76% response rate (39 of 51 students). Both tutored students and tutors were satisfied with the tutoring program. Statistically significant changes in course grades for the tutored courses were noted at 3 to 4 and 8 to 9 months among the tutored students who were most at risk for failure (P=.001). Tutor course grades showed no significant changes for any of the courses in which they were enrolled (P=.445). Learning gains were realized by the students at greatest academic risk. Additional research is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes.

The Effectiveness of Peer Tutoring Programs in Elementary Schools

OpenAIRE

Gee, Melinda

2004-01-01

The present review examined the effectiveness of three peer tutoring programs: cross-age peer tutoring, Classwide Peer Tutoring (CWPT), and Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS), for elementary students in the academic areas of math and reading. The research reviewed indicates students who participated in cross-age peer tutoring and CWPT had improved test scores on basic math facts as well as increased math scores on standardized assessments. Students also showed improvement in reading flu...

Atendiendo a las Variadas Problemáticas de los Cuidadores Familiares de Personas con Demencia: Aportaciones de la Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual y de la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso

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Andrés Losada

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Cuidar a un familiar mayor con demencia se asocia con consecuencias emocionales negativas para los cuidadores. En este trabajo se describe una terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC y otra de aceptación y compromiso (ACT que han sido diseñadas para reducir el malestar emocional de los cuidadores. El objetivo de la TTC es modificar creencias y pensamientos disfuncionales relacionados con el cuidado y entrenar a los cuidadores en el aumento de la frecuencia de actividades gratificantes. Incluye además entrenamiento en relajación y en habilidades para pedir ayuda. A través de la terapia ACT se trabaja la identificación del patrón personal de evitación experiencial y la alternativa de la aceptación de emociones, pensamientos y sensaciones, se ayuda al cuidador a identificar sus valores y las barreras para la acción coherente con ellos y se trabaja para incrementar la motivació del cuidador para comprometerse con sus valores y llevar a cabo acciones coherentes con dichos valores.

5 Ways to Improve Tutoring Programs

Science.gov (United States)

Gordon, Edward E.

2009-01-01

Tutoring has become a familiar tool that schools use to reinforce classroom teaching and improve student achievement. That's especially been the case because of No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and its provisions for supplemental education. Educators faced with developing or supporting tutoring services for students should consider five practical…

Peer Tutoring in Programming: Lessons Learned

Science.gov (United States)

Gerhardt, Jill; Olan, Michael

2010-01-01

This article describes our experience with peer tutoring in introductory programming courses. This tutoring concept was one of the integral support services out of five student services, which were part of a National Science Foundation Grant, designed to improve education, increase retention, improve professional development and employability, and…

Designing and Evaluating Tutoring Feedback Strategies for digital learning environments on the basis of the Interactive Tutoring Feedback Model

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Susanne Narciss

2013-06-01

Full Text Available This paper describes the interactive tutoring feedback model (ITF-model; Narciss, 2006; 2008, and how it can be applied to the design and evaluation of feedback strategies for digital learning environments. The ITF-model conceptualizes formative tutoring feedback as a multidimensional instructional activity that aims at contributing to the regulation of a learning process in order to help learners acquire or improve the competencies needed to master learning tasks. It integrates findings from systems theory with recommendations of prior research on interactive instruction and elaborated feedback, on task analyses, on error analyses, and on tutoring techniques. Based on this multi-dimensional view of formative tutoring feedback methodological implications for designing and investigating multiple effects of feedback under multiple individual and situational conditions are described. Furthermore, the paper outlines how the implications of the ITF-model have been applied in several studies to the design and evaluation of tutoring feedback strategies for digital learning environments (e.g., Narciss, 2004; Narciss & Huth, 2006; Narciss, Schnaubert, Andres, Eichelmann, Goguadze, & Sosnovsky, 2013.

A tutoring package to teach pronunciation of Mandarin Chinese characters.

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Wu, Hang; Miller, L Keith

2007-01-01

We examined the effects of a tutoring package (verbal modeling, prompts, and contingent praise/ Chinese conversations with the tutor) on the performance of a college student's Mandarin Chinese pronunciation. The effects of the tutoring package were analyzed using a multiple baseline design across two sets of 50 Chinese characters. The tutoring package produced improvement in the student's correct pronunciation of Chinese characters from 48% (pretutoring) to 90% (posttutoring). Results suggested that the tutoring package produced mastery pronunciation of targeted Mandarin Chinese vocalizations by a nonnative speaker.

O imaginário de um grupo de cuidadores de idosos institucionalizados no cotidiano asilar

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Elman Moreira Coelho Grison

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de estudo realizado com cuidadores de idosos institucioinalizados. Objetivou-se conhecer o imaginário de um grupo de cuidadores em relação a seu cotidiano. O imaginário é entendido  a partir da antropologia de Gilbert Durand focada nas imagens e nos símbolos culturais. Os dados foram coletados por meio do instrumento denominado Arquétipo Teste de Nove Elementos – o AT-9, de Yves Durand e por meio da “Pedagogia da Escuta”. As teorias gerontológicas do envelhecimento também fundamentaram a análise. Evidenciou-se nesse grupo a predominância de representações mítico-simbólicas com estrutura sintética, ou seja, que pretende harmonizar os contrários, com uma tendência mística que signifca busca de união.  

Tutors Can Improve Students' Reading Skills

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Nelson-Royes, Andrea M.

2013-01-01

In this article the author suggests that tutoring has helped students to become more organized, self-assured, and proficient at identifying relationships between ideas. Successful tutoring requires: (1) at least one attentive adult who has the time to speak with students about academic matters, personal problems, and the importance of performing…

Effects of participation in a cross year peer tutoring programme in clinical examination skills on volunteer tutors' skills and attitudes towards teachers and teaching

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Zamora Javier

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Development of students' teaching skills is increasingly recognised as an important component of UK undergraduate medical curricula and, in consequence, there is renewed interest in the potential benefits of cross-year peer tutoring. Whilst several studies have described the use of cross-year peer tutoring in undergraduate medical courses, its use in the clinical setting is less well reported, particularly the effects of peer tutoring on volunteer tutors' views of teachers and teaching. This study explored the effects of participation in a cross-year peer tutoring programme in clinical examination skills ('OSCE tutor' on volunteer tutors' own skills and on their attitudes towards teachers and teaching. Methods Volunteer tutors were final year MBChB students who took part in the programme as part of a Student Selected Component (SSC. Tutees were year 3 MBChB students preparing for their end of year 'OSCE' examination. Pre and post participation questionnaires, including both Likert-type and open response questions, were used. Paired data was compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. All tests were two-tailed with 5% significance level. Results Tutors reflected their cohort in terms of gender but were drawn from among the more academically successful final year students. Most had previous teaching experience. They were influenced to participate in 'OSCE tutor' by a desire to improve their own teaching and associated generic skills and by contextual factors relating to the organisation or previous experience of the OSCE tutor programme. Issues relating to longer term career aspirations were less important. After the event, tutors felt that participation had enhanced their skills in various areas, including practical teaching skills, confidence in speaking to groups and communication skills; and that as a result of taking part, they were now more likely to undertake further teacher training and to make teaching a major part

Síndrome del cuidador quemado: aportaciones de la ASC

OpenAIRE

Domínguez Díaz, Ainhoa

2012-01-01

Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências da Educação, Especialização em Animação Sociocultural El presente trabajo está centrado dentro del estudio del síndrome de Burnout en los cuidadores de personas dependientes que reciben prestaciones reconocidas en la Ley de Dependencia, siendo desarrollado en el ámbito del 2º Ciclo de Estudios del Mestrado en Ciencias da Educaçāo, especializaçāo en Animaçāo Sociocultural, cursado na Universidade Tras-os-Montes, Escola de Ciências Humanas e Sociais no Pól...

Undergraduate technical skills training guided by student tutors – Analysis of tutors' attitudes, tutees' acceptance and learning progress in an innovative teaching model

Science.gov (United States)

Weyrich, Peter; Schrauth, Markus; Kraus, Bernd; Habermehl, Daniel; Netzhammer, Nicolai; Zipfel, Stephan; Jünger, Jana; Riessen, Reimer; Nikendei, Christoph

2008-01-01

Background Skills labs provide a sheltered learning environment. As close supervision and individual feedback were proven to be important in ensuring effective skills training, we implemented a cross-year peer tutor system in our skills lab of internal medicine that allowed intense training sessions with small learning groups (3–4 students) taught by one student tutor. Methods The expectations, experiences and criticisms of peer tutors regarding the tutor system for undergraduate skills lab training were investigated in the context of a focus group. In addition, tutees' acceptance of this learning model and of their student tutors was evaluated by means of a pre/post web-based survey. Results 14 voluntary senior students were intensely prepared by consultants for their peer tutor activity. 127 students participated in the project, 66.9% of which responded to the web-based survey (23 topics with help of 6-point Likert scale + free comments). Acceptance was very high (5.69 ± 0.07, mean ± SEM), and self-confidence ratings increased significantly after the intervention for each of the trained skills (average 1.96 ± 0.08, all p skills training to be provided by faculty staff only. Focus group analyses with tutors revealed 18 different topics, including profit in personal knowledge and personal satisfaction through teaching activities. The ratio of 1:4 tutor/tutees was regarded to be very beneficial for effective feedback, and the personalized online evaluation by tutees to be a strong motivator and helpful for further improvements. The tutors ascribed great importance to the continuous availability of a contact doctor in case of uncertainties. Conclusion This study demonstrates that peer teaching in undergraduate technical clinical skills training is feasible and widely accepted among tutees, provided that the tutors receive sufficient training and supervision. PMID:18400106

Cuidadores familiares de personas con enfermedad crónica en las regiones de frontera colombiana: perfil y carga percibida de cuidado

OpenAIRE

Arias-Rojas, Mauricio; Barrera-Ortiz, Lucy; Mabel-Carrillo, Gloria; Chaparro-Díaz, Lorena; Sánchez-Herrera, Beatriz; Vargas-Rosero, Elizabeth

2014-01-01

Antecedentes.En situaciones de enfermedad crónica, la familia es el principal apoyo para las personas enfermas. Si bien el sistema de salud no siempre reconoce a los cuidadores familiares, ellos dedican la mayor parte del tiempo al cuidado de sus seres queridos y se infiere que, en las regiones de frontera, debe ser más complejo asumir esta labor, lo cual supone una mayor carga para ellos. Objetivo. Comparar las características sociodemográficas y el nivel de carga percibido por los cuidadore...

Avaliação das dificuldades e autoeficácia do cuidador informal de idosos dependentes no concelho de Mirandela

OpenAIRE

Nascimento, Miriam Sílvia

2014-01-01

Cuidar de idosos no domicílio não é tarefa fácil e acarreta consequências físicas, psicológicas, sociais e económicas para as quais muitas vezes o cuidador informal não está preparado, e, a maioria, numa tentativa de cumprir com o seu papel, compromete o seu bem-estar e do seu agregado familiar. Para poder superar ou diminuir as dificuldades que enfrenta, é importante que o cuidador tenha consciência das mesmas, dos recursos pessoais que possui, como o sentido de autoeficácia, ou ainda dos re...

Computer-Game-Based Tutoring of Mathematics

Science.gov (United States)

Ke, Fengfeng

2013-01-01

This in-situ, descriptive case study examined the potential of implementing computer mathematics games as an anchor for tutoring of mathematics. Data were collected from middle school students at a rural pueblo school and an urban Hispanic-serving school, through in-field observation, content analysis of game-based tutoring-learning interactions,…

Impact of Paired Tutoring and Mentoring.

Science.gov (United States)

Bruce, Jennifer E.; Trammell, Jack

2003-01-01

Discusses a study that examines the effects of paired tutoring and mentoring on academic achievement of college freshmen in a probationary program. Results show that students with mentoring and tutoring services by the same person show greater academic gains as measured by compliance and academic achievement than do those students who were…

Os efeitos das alterações comportamentais das vítimas de trauma crânio-encefálico para o cuidador familiar Los efectos de las alteraciones comportamentales de las victimas de trauma cráneo encefálico para el cuidador familiar Effect of the behavioral alterations of victims of traumatic brain injury for the family caregiver

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Edilene Curvelo Hora

2005-02-01

Full Text Available O estudo teve como objetivos identificar alterações na intensidade que os comportamentos negativos das vítimas de Trauma Craniencefálico (TCE afetavam o cuidador familiar principal, comparando o período anterior ao posterior ao trauma e verificar a relação entre intensidade dessas alterações e tempo decorrido após o evento traumático. Incluiu 50 cuidadores de vítimas com diferentes níveis de dependência após TCE. Os efeitos dos comportamentos da vítima para o cuidador foram mensurados por meio da escala Likert, tendo em vista onze comportamentos negativos citados em literatura. Na visão do cuidador, a vítima ficou mais agressiva, ansiosa, dependente, deprimida, irritada, esquecida, com temperamento mais explosivo, após o trauma, além de mais egocêntrica, impulsiva, com maior inadequação social e oscilação de humor. Os seis primeiros comportamentos citados eram os que afetaram mais negativamente o cuidador. Não houve relação entre o tempo decorrido e os efeitos das alterações comportamentais.El estudio tiene como objetivos identificar las alteraciones en la intensidad con que los comportamientos negativos de las victimas de Trauma Cráneo-Encefálico (TCE inciden sobre el cuidador familiar principal, comparando los periodos anterior y posterior al trauma, y verificar la relación entre la intensidad de esas alteraciones y el tiempo transcurrido después del evento traumático. Los participantes son 50 casos de cuidadores de victimas con diferentes niveles de dependencia tras TCE. Los efectos de los comportamientos de la victima para con el cuidador fueron medidos por medio de una escala Likert, teniéndose en cuenta once comportamientos negativos mencionados en la literatura. En la visión del cuidador, la victima después del trauma está más agresiva, ansiosa, dependiente, deprimida, irritada, olvidadiza, con temperamento más explosivo, además de más egocentrista, impulsiva, con mayor inadecuación social y

Active Collaborative Learning through Remote Tutoring

Science.gov (United States)

Gehret, Austin U.; Elliot, Lisa B.; MacDonald, Jonathan H. C.

2017-01-01

An exploratory case study approach was used to describe remote tutoring in biochemistry and general chemistry with students who are deaf or hard of hearing (D/HH). Data collected for analysis were based on the observations of the participant tutor. The research questions guiding this study included (1) How is active learning accomplished in…

Plug-In Tutor Agents: Still Pluggin'

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Ritter, Steven

2016-01-01

"An Architecture for Plug-in Tutor Agents" (Ritter and Koedinger 1996) proposed a software architecture designed around the idea that tutors could be built as plug-ins for existing software applications. Looking back on the paper now, we can see that certain assumptions about the future of software architecture did not come to be, making…

Qualidade de vida e grau de ansiedade e depressão em cuidadores de crianças com paralisia cerebral Calidad de vida y grado de ansiedad y depresión en cuidadores de niños con parálisis cerebral Quality of life and level of anxiety and depression in caregivers of children with cerebral palsy

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Márcia Andreya Zanon

2012-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o grau de ansiedade e depressão e a qualidade de vida dos cuidadores de crianças com crianças com paralisia cerebral. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal descritivo com cuidadores de crianças acompanhadas na Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (Apae e na Associação dos Deficientes Físicos de Alagoas (Adefal, em Maceió, Alagoas. Para a coleta de dados, realizada com uma amostra de 82 cuidadores, utilizou-se a Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão (HAD e um instrumento genérico de avaliação de qualidade de vida, o SF-36 (Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short-Form Health Survey. Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se média, desvio padrão, mediana e intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%. RESULTADOS: A média de idade dos cuidadores foi de 32,4±10,3 anos, variando de 18 a 77. Constatou-se ansiedade em 49% dos cuidadores (IC95% 38 - 60 e depressão em 31% (IC95% 22 - 42. No questionário SF-36, os domínios mais afetados foram: limitação por aspectos emocionais, com 56 pontos (IC95% 46 - 65, e vitalidade, com 57 (IC95% 52 - 62. CONCLUSÕES: Os cuidadores apresentaram alta ansiedade e depressão; não possuíam boa qualidade de vida, especialmente nos domínios "limitação por aspectos emocionais" e "vitalidade".OBJETIVO: Evaluar el grado de ansiedad y depresión y la calidad de vida de los cuidadores de niños con parálisis cerebral. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal descriptivo, con cuidadores de niños acompañados en la Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (Apae y en la Associação dos Deficientes Físicos de Alagoas (Adefal, en Maceió, Alagoas (Brasil. Para la recolección de los datos, realizada con una muestra de 82 cuidadores, se utilizó la escala hospitalaria de ansiedad y depresión y un instrumento genérico de evaluación de calidad de vida, el SF-36 (Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short-Form Health Survey. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando promedio, desviación est

Observing tutorial dialogues collaboratively: insights about human tutoring effectiveness from vicarious learning.

Science.gov (United States)

Chi, Michelene T H; Roy, Marguerite; Hausmann, Robert G M

2008-03-01

The goals of this study are to evaluate a relatively novel learning environment, as well as to seek greater understanding of why human tutoring is so effective. This alternative learning environment consists of pairs of students collaboratively observing a videotape of another student being tutored. Comparing this collaboratively observing environment to four other instructional methods-one-on-one human tutoring, observing tutoring individually, collaborating without observing, and studying alone-the results showed that students learned to solve physics problems just as effectively from observing tutoring collaboratively as the tutees who were being tutored individually. We explain the effectiveness of this learning environment by postulating that such a situation encourages learners to become active and constructive observers through interactions with a peer. In essence, collaboratively observing combines the benefit of tutoring with the benefit of collaborating. The learning outcomes of the tutees and the collaborative observers, along with the tutoring dialogues, were used to further evaluate three hypotheses explaining why human tutoring is an effective learning method. Detailed analyses of the protocols at several grain sizes suggest that tutoring is effective when tutees are independently or jointly constructing knowledge: with the tutor, but not when the tutor independently conveys knowledge. 2008 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

The near-peer tutoring programme: embracing the ‘doctors-to-teach’ philosophy – a comparison of the effects of participation between the senior and junior near-peer tutors

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Siaw-Cheok Liew

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Background: While there is an increasing pool of literature documenting the benefits of near-peer tutoring programme, little is known about the benefits for junior and senior peer tutors. Knowledge of the peer tutors’ perceived benefits at different levels of seniority will aid in the development of a near-peer tutoring programme that will better fulfil both curricula and personal aspirations of near-peer tutors. We, therefore, investigated the perceived benefits of participation in a near-peer tutoring programme for junior as well as senior near-peer tutors. Methods: Pre- and post-participation questionnaires were distributed to near-peer tutors after their clinical skills teaching sessions with Phase I undergraduate medical students. The Peer Tutor Assessment Instrument questionnaires were distributed to the 1 students, and to the 2 near-peer tutors (junior and senior after each teaching and learning session for self-evaluation. Results: The senior near-peer tutors felt that their participation in the programme had enhanced their skills (p=0.03. As a whole, the near-peer tutors were more motivated (Pre 5.32±0.46; Post 5.47±0.50; p=0.210 to participate in future teaching sessions but did not expect that having teaching experiences would make teaching as their major career path in the future (Pre 4.63±1.07; Post 4.54±0.98; p=0.701. The senior near-peer tutors were evaluated significantly higher by the students (p=0.0001. Students’ evaluations of near-peer tutors on the domain of critical analysis was higher than self-evaluations (p=0.003. Conclusions: Generally, the near-peer tutors perceived that they have benefited most in their skills enhancement and these near-peer tutors were scored highly by the students. However, senior near-peer tutors do not perceive that the programme has a lasting impact on their choice of career path.

The near-peer tutoring programme: embracing the ‘doctors-to-teach’ philosophy – a comparison of the effects of participation between the senior and junior near-peer tutors

Science.gov (United States)

Liew, Siaw-Cheok; Sow, Chew-Fei; Sidhu, Jagmohni; Nadarajah, Vishna Devi

2015-01-01

Background While there is an increasing pool of literature documenting the benefits of near-peer tutoring programme, little is known about the benefits for junior and senior peer tutors. Knowledge of the peer tutors’ perceived benefits at different levels of seniority will aid in the development of a near-peer tutoring programme that will better fulfil both curricula and personal aspirations of near-peer tutors. We, therefore, investigated the perceived benefits of participation in a near-peer tutoring programme for junior as well as senior near-peer tutors. Methods Pre- and post-participation questionnaires were distributed to near-peer tutors after their clinical skills teaching sessions with Phase I undergraduate medical students. The Peer Tutor Assessment Instrument questionnaires were distributed to the 1) students, and to the 2) near-peer tutors (junior and senior) after each teaching and learning session for self-evaluation. Results The senior near-peer tutors felt that their participation in the programme had enhanced their skills (p=0.03). As a whole, the near-peer tutors were more motivated (Pre 5.32±0.46; Post 5.47±0.50; p=0.210) to participate in future teaching sessions but did not expect that having teaching experiences would make teaching as their major career path in the future (Pre 4.63±1.07; Post 4.54±0.98; p=0.701). The senior near-peer tutors were evaluated significantly higher by the students (p=0.0001). Students’ evaluations of near-peer tutors on the domain of critical analysis was higher than self-evaluations (p=0.003). Conclusions Generally, the near-peer tutors perceived that they have benefited most in their skills enhancement and these near-peer tutors were scored highly by the students. However, senior near-peer tutors do not perceive that the programme has a lasting impact on their choice of career path. PMID:26356229

La experiencia de sufrimiento en cuidadores principales de pacientes con dolor oncológico y no oncológico A experiência de sofrimento em cuidadores principais de pacientes com dor oncológica e não oncológica The experience of suffering in main care takers of patients with cancer-pain and non-cancer pain

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ALICIA KRIKORIAN D

2010-06-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de la investigación es describir la experiencia de sufrimiento de los cuidadores informales de pacientes con dolor oncológico y no oncológico de tres instituciones de salud de Medellín. Es una investigación cualitativa de tipo fenomenológico. La muestra estuvo conformada por 16 cuidadores de pacientes con dolor oncológico y no oncológico. La información se recolectó a través de una entrevista semiestructurada y se cuantificó el nivel de sufrimiento por medio del termómetro emocional como complemento al enfoque cualitativo. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron por medio de categorías y perfiles previamente definidos, lo cual dio cuenta del significado, el nivel y los factores de sufrimiento más comunes en los cuidadores entrevistados. Los resultados evidenciaron que la mayoría de los cuidadores experimentaron altos niveles de sufrimiento. Reportaron sentimientos de tristeza y satisfacción contradictoriamente. En la esfera cognitiva, asociaron el sufrimiento con dolor y con el hacer bien su actividad; y en el área conductual, refirieron que el sufrimiento se relacionaba con la dificultad para el control de los síntomas físicos del paciente, y con el aplazamiento de actividades propias de su vida. En conclusión, el apoyo psicosocial recibido por los cuidadores no fue percibido como factor protector para la disminución del sufrimiento; el tipo de dolor estaba relacionado con la experiencia de sufrimiento y el rol de cuidadores, quienes en su mayoría eran mujeres cuidadoras de pacientes con dolor oncológico. Los cuidadores entrevistados estaban en riesgo de presentar Burnout debido a las múltiples demandas propias de su rol.A pesquisa visa descrever a experiência de sofrimentos dos cuidadores informais de pacientes com oncológica e não oncológica em três instituições de saúde em Medellín. É uma pesquisa qualitativa de tipo fenomenológico. A amostra esteve conformada por 16 cuidadores de pacientes com dor

The experience of suffering in main care takers of patients with cancer-pain and non-cancer pain La experiencia de sufrimiento en cuidadores principales de pacientes con dolor oncológico y no oncológico A experiência de sofrimento em cuidadores principais de pacientes com dor oncológica e não oncológica

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PALACIO G CAROLINA

2010-04-01

Full Text Available The purpose of the study is to describe the experience of suffering among informal care takers of patients with cancer-pain and non-cancer pain at three health institutions of Medellín-Colombia. It is a qualitative study of phenomenological type. The sample consisted of 16 care takers of patients who suffered cancer-pain and non-cancer pain. The information was gathered through a semi-structured interview, the level of suffering was quantified through the emotional thermometer as a complementing element to the qualitative approach. The data obtained were analyzed through categories and profiles previously defined which showed the most common meaning, level and factors of suffering among the interviewed care takers. The results showed that the majority of care takers experienced high levels of suffering. They reported feelings of sadness and satisfaction in a contradictory manner. In the cognitive realm, they associated suffering with pain and the good execution of their activity; in the behavioral field, they expressed that suffering was related to the difficulty in controling the patient’s physical symptoms, and with the deferral of their own life activities. In conclusion, the psychological support received by the care takers was perceived as a protecting factor to reduce suffering; the type of pain was related to the experience of suffering and the care taker’s role, who were mostly female care takers of patients with cancer pain. The interviewed care takers were at risk of presenting Burnout due to the multiple demands inherent to their role.El objetivo de la investigación es describir la experiencia de sufrimiento de los cuidadores informales de pacientes con dolor oncológico y no oncológico de tres instituciones de salud de Medellín. Es una investigación cualitativa de tipo fenomenológico. La muestra estuvo conformada por 16 cuidadores de pacientes con dolor oncológico y no oncológico. La información se recolectó a trav

Las políticas sociales de dependencia en España: contribuciones y consecuencias para los ancianos y sus cuidadores informales

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Bibiana Escuredo

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Se presenta la evolución de la protección social de la dependencia en España desde la década de los noventa hasta el momento actual y se plantean las consecuencias de la falta de acuerdo político respecto a las medidas a implementar. Se analizan los elementos en los que se basan las políticas de dependencia, resaltando sus aspectos positivos y negativos, así como las consecuencias para los ancianos y sus cuidadores informales. También se pone de manifiesto cómo, ante la posibilidad de quiebra del papel de la familia en el cuidado de los dependientes, se están implementando políticas que tienen como objetivo reforzar el rol cuidador de la familia y que se enmarcan dentro de la denominada "Conciliación de la Vida Familiar y Laboral". Estas políticas, más allá de sus contribuciones positivas, implican también importantes costes personales y de oportunidad para los cuidadores informales.

Integrating Hypermedia Objects In An Intelligent Tutoring System

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Emilia PECHEANU

2001-12-01

Full Text Available The paper describes the internal architecture of an Intelligent Tutoring System, CS-Tutor. The architectural design of the tutorial system was developed in a collaborative work at the Department of Computer Science of the University of Galati and the Department of Applied Informatics of the Faculty of Computer Science of Iasi. Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS are software packages which use the Artificial Intelligence techniques to aid in learning of some subject or skill. In recent years, Hypermedia has been gained the interest of many researchers working in the teaching field of study. The CS-Tutor internal architecture is based upon integrating Hypermedia Objects in an Intelligent Knowledge-Based frame.

Bridge: Intelligent Tutoring with Intermediate Representations

Science.gov (United States)

1988-05-01

Research and Development Center and Psychology Department University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA. 15260 The Artificial Intelligence and Psychology...problem never introduces more than one unfamiliar plan. Inteligent Tutoring With Intermediate Representations - Bonar and Cunniigbam 4 You must have a... Inteligent Tutoring With ntermediate Representations - Bonar and Cunningham 7 The requirements are specified at four differcnt levels, corresponding to

Student Perceptions of Online Tutoring Videos

Science.gov (United States)

Sligar, Steven R.; Pelletier, Christopher D.; Bonner, Heidi Stone; Coghill, Elizabeth; Guberman, Daniel; Zeng, Xiaoming; Newman, Joyce J.; Muller, Dorothy; Dennis, Allen

2017-01-01

Online tutoring is made possible by using videos to replace or supplement face to face services. The purpose of this research was to examine student reactions to the use of lecture capture technology in a university tutoring setting and to assess student knowledge of some features of Tegrity lecture capture software. A survey was administered to…

FUDAOWANG: A Web-Based Intelligent Tutoring System Implementing Advanced Education Concepts

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Xu, Wei; Zhao, Ke; Li, Yatao; Yi, Zhenzhen

2012-01-01

Determining how to provide good tutoring functions is an important research direction of intelligent tutoring systems. In this study, the authors develop an intelligent tutoring system with good tutoring functions, called "FUDAOWANG." The research domain that FUDAOWANG treats is junior middle school mathematics, which belongs to the objective…

Percepción de la calidad de vida de cuidadores de pacientes asistentes a un programa de crónicos, Villavicencio, Colombia

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Clara Rocío Galvis-López

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo:determinar la percepción de la calidad de vida de cuidadores informales de adultos que padecen enfermedad crónica, queasisten al Programa de Crónicos de la Empresa Social del Estado de Villavicencio, Colombia.Materiales y métodos:estudio descriptivo,de abordaje cuantitativo y de corte transversal en cuidadores informales (n = 180 de adultos crónico usuarios del Programa de Promo-ción y Prevención de Crónicos. Con los cuidadores se utilizó el instrumento Calidad de Vida (QOL versión familiar de Ferrell y Grant, ypara valorar la funcionalidad de los pacientes crónicos, se usó el perfil Pulses adaptado por Granger. Se determinan rangos de puntaje,medidas de tendencia central y dispersión para los dominios de bienestar y calidad de vida.Resultados:en la mayoría de los cuidadoresse evidenció que los dominios de bienestar físico y social no se encuentran afectados, y las dimensiones de bienestar psicológico y espiri-tual están en nivel medio, al igual que la calidad de vida.Conclusiones:para la enfermería, los resultados pueden orientar procesos decapacitación a fin de fortalecer habilidades de cuidado en cuidadores que permitan promover la salud y el bienestar, evitar eldeteriorode la calidad de vida y cuidar oportunamente y en mejores condiciones al familiar que padece enfermedad crónica.

Difficult incidents and tutor interventions in problem-based learning tutorials.

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Kindler, Pawel; Grant, Christopher; Kulla, Steven; Poole, Gary; Godolphin, William

2009-09-01

Tutors report difficult incidents and distressing conflicts that adversely affect learning in their problem-based learning (PBL) groups. Faculty development (training) and peer support should help them to manage this. Yet our understanding of these problems and how to deal with them often seems inadequate to help tutors. The aim of this study was to categorise difficult incidents and the interventions that skilled tutors used in response, and to determine the effectiveness of those responses. Thirty experienced and highly rated tutors in our Year 1 and 2 medical curriculum took part in semi-structured interviews to: identify and describe difficult incidents; describe how they responded, and assess the success of each response. Recorded and transcribed data were analysed thematically to develop typologies of difficult incidents and interventions and compare reported success or failure. The 94 reported difficult incidents belonged to the broad categories 'individual student' or 'group dynamics'. Tutors described 142 interventions in response to these difficult incidents, categorised as: (i) tutor intervenes during tutorial; (ii) tutor gives feedback outside tutorial, or (iii) student or group intervenes. Incidents in the 'individual student' category were addressed relatively unsuccessfully (effective 75% of the time) by response (iii). None of the interventions worked well when used in response to problems related to 'group dynamics'. Overall, 59% of the difficult incidents were dealt with successfully. Dysfunctional PBL groups can be highly challenging, even for experienced and skilled tutors. Within-tutorial feedback, the treatment that tutors are most frequently advised to apply, was often not effective. Our study suggests that the collective responsibility of the group, rather than of the tutor, to deal with these difficulties should be emphasised.

Programa de apoyo al trabajador-cuidador familiar: fenómeno social emergente

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Luz María Herrera-López

2014-01-01

Full Text Available En el contexto demográfico actual de envejecimiento poblacional surge un nuevo rol: el funcionario-cuidador. La persona que trabaja y, además, cuida a un familiar con discapacidad, presenta problemas personales, laborales y menor compromiso con su autocuidado. Entre las intervenciones eficaces se encuentra el mejorar la percepción del apoyo social. Se presenta un programa interdisciplinario, iniciado en el año 2009, de apoyo a trabajadores-cuidadores familiares. Su propósito es promover la salud y prevenir factores de riesgo de enferme- dad a través del fortalecimiento de sus habilidades de autocuidado y el desarrollo de políticas institucionales que faciliten el cumplimiento de ambos roles en forma eficiente y saludable. Como estrategias de promoción en salud se han utilizado: la educación para el autocuidado, el fortalecimiento de redes de apoyo familiar y social, la asesoría profesional y la comunidad de pares. En las últimas tres cohortes anua- les han participado sesenta funcionarios, de los cuales el 83,4 % son mujeres, con un promedio de edad de cincuenta años. El programa ha cumplido con éxito los objetivos propuestos, aumentando la percepción de apoyo social manifestado por los propios participantes.

PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TUTOR SEBAYA PADA MATA PELAJARAN SOSIOLOGI

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Ningrum Pusporini Anggorowati

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pelaksanaannya model pembelajaran tutor sebaya (peer teaching di SMAN I Brebes. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru sosiologi kelas XI IPS 1 dan siswa kelas XI IPS 1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peer teaching memerlukan persiapan yang matang, dan setiap tahap pelaksanaan hendaknya dievaluasi untuk mendapatkan hasil yang baik. Faktor pendukung dalam pelaksanaan model pembelajaran tutor sebaya antara lain yaitu adanya interaksi antara guru dengan siswa, minat belajar siswa cukup tinggi, guru dan siswa lebih akrab dalam kegiatan pembelajaran, keterlibatan tutor sebaya dalam kelompok belajar membuat suasana pembelajaran lebih menarik, sedangkan faktor penghambatnya antara lain yaitu kurangnya persiapan dari para tutor, sarana dan prasarana kurang memadai, kegiatan pembelajaran kurang kondusif, dan sumber belajar kurang memadai. The objective of this study is to examine the implementation of peer tutoring learning model (peer teaching in SMAN I Brebes. Subjects in this study were teachers sociology class XI IPS 1 and class XI IPS 1. Results show that the implementation of peer teaching requires preparation, and each stage of the implementation should be evaluated to obtain good results. Factors supporting the implementation of peer tutoring learning model, among others, the interaction between teachers and students, and also student interest is high; teachers and students are more familiar in learning activities, and peer tutor involvement in the study group to make the learning environment more attractive. The inhibiting factor of peer teaching strategy include among others the lack of preparation of the tutors, inadequate infrastructure, lack of conducive learning activities, and learning resources are inadequate.

Cuidar, Cotidiano e Ocupações: Um olhar da Terapia Ocupacional sobre cuidadores familiares de idosos / Caring, everyday and occupations: a look at occupational therapy about elderly family caregivers

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Ayra Caroline Melges Bossi Costa

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudo de natureza descritivo exploratória objetivou identificar as áreas de ocupação prejudicadas no cotidiano de cuidadores familiares, analisar a autopercepção do cuidador sobre o seu papel e o cuidado prestado, identificar os sentimentos relacionados ao cuidado e conhecer as razões que o levaram a se tornar cuidador principal. A amostra do estudo foi composta por quatro cuidadores participantes do curso para cuidadores oferecido pela Liga Acadêmica de Gerontologia e Geriatria da Universidade de Brasília (LAGGUnB. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se como instrumento de pesquisa uma entrevista semiestruturada com perguntas sobre o perfil sócio demográfico do idoso e do cuidador, a autopercepção do cuidador em relação ao cuidado prestado, a rotina diária antes e após se tornar cuidador. A análise dos dados foi feita através da análise de conteúdo e emergiram três categorias: rotina do cuidador, identificando o cuidado prestado e autopercepção do cuidado. Dentre os resultados encontrados notou-se que seis áreas de ocupação estão afetadas. Verificou-se também que não houve uma escolha em se tornar cuidador além disto, sentimentos positivos foram evidenciados ao justificar a escolha em exercer o papel de cuidar.  Conclui-se, portanto, que foram pontuadas mudanças no cotidiano, atividades foram negligenciadas ou diminuídas. Sendo assim, a participação do profissional de Terapia Ocupacional tem sua intervenção com foco na reorganização da rotina, resgatando a realização de atividades significativas.Palavras chaves: Cuidador, Terapia Ocupacional, Envelhecimento.  AbstractThis study had as objectives to identify the impaired occupations in the daily routine of family caregivers, to analyze the caregiver's selfperception about his / her role and care, to identify the feelings related to care and to know the reasons that led him to become a primary caregiver . It is a descriptive and exploratory study with

Could Intelligent Tutors Anticipate Successfully User Reactions?

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Kalisz, Eugenia; Florea, Adina Magda

2006-06-01

Emotions have been shown to have an important impact on several human processes such as decision-making, planning, cognition, and learning. In an e-learning system, an artificial tutor capable of effectively understanding and anticipating the student emotions during learning will have a significantly enhanced role. The paper presents a model of an artificial tutor endowed with synthesized emotions according to the BDE model, previously developed by the authors. It also analyzes possible student reactions while interacting with the learning material and the way the artificial tutor could anticipate and should respond to these reactions, with adequate actions.

Programa de apoio a cuidadores: uma ação terapêutica e preventiva na atenção à saúde dos idosos

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Cerqueira Ana Teresa de Abreu Ramos

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Como parte da atenção à saúde dos idosos do Centro de Saúde-Escola da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - UNESP, elaborou-se um programa de apoio aos seus cuidadores, o qual tem por objetivos gerais: preservar a qualidade de vida dos cuidadores e proporcionar melhores condições de atendimento familiar aos pacientes. O programa consta de 10 a 12 reuniões semanais, com duas horas de duração, coordenadas por duas psicólogas. São utilizadas técnicas psicodramáticas focalizando o papel do cuidador e suas decorrências sociais e emocionais. Informações teóricas são veiculadas por meio de discussões em grupo e recursos audio-visuais. São abordados os seguintes temas: significado e motivações do cuidado prestado, sinais de alerta de desgaste físico e mental do cuidador, possibilidades de se cuidar e solicitar ajuda, formas de melhorar a comunicação diante da deficiência visual, auditiva e cognitiva, formas de favorecer a independência e autonomia e de lidar com os problemas relativos à higiene, mobilidade, agressão, irritação, alucinações e idéias delirantes do idoso. Na primeira reunião de cada grupo (que tem de 10 a 20 participantes são aplicados uma escala de avaliação do impacto emocional sobre os cuidadores (Zarit et al., 1980 e o SRQ (Self Report Questionnaire - Mari & Willians, 1986 para identificação de distúrbios psiquiátricos, sendo os mesmos reaplicados no final do programa, pretendendo-se verificar possíveis mudanças. Os dados obtidos indicam mudanças favoráveis na expressão de sentimentos, estabelecimento de limites e retomada de atividades de lazer.

Repercusión de la demencia en los cuidadores primordiales del policlínico "Ana Betancourt" Repercussion of dementia in the fundamental carers of "Ana Betancourt" Polyclinic

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Víctor T. Pérez Martínez

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Introducción: la demencia senil es reconocida actualmente como una entidad mayor en el orden socioeconómico, geriátrico, psiquiátrico y epidemiológico. Su atención representa un elevado costo emocional y económico para el paciente, la familia y el cuidador primordial. Objetivos: describir la repercusión psicosocial del síndrome demencial en los cuidadores primordiales del policlínico "Ana Betancourt". Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, durante el primer cuatrimestre del año 2009, en el policlínico "Ana Betancourt" del municipio Playa. Incluyó a 36 cuidadores de igual número de pacientes diagnosticados con demencia y enfermedad de Alzheimer, escogidos mediante muestreo por criterios. Resultados: los cuidadores primordiales eran en su mayoría féminas, hijas del paciente, en la quinta década de la vida, amas de casa, divorciadas y con un nivel de escolaridad de preuniversitario. El principal motivo de consulta de los cuidadores fue solicitar ayuda profesional para controlar los síntomas no cognitivos de la enfermedad. El cuidador dedica alrededor de 13 h diarias al cuidado del paciente que sufre de demencia, la mayor parte en la supervisión y vigilancia. Se encontró marcada afectación psicológica en el 64 % de los cuidadores. El nivel de sobrecarga o estrés en la población de cuidadores estudiada resultó elevado. Conclusiones: el cuidado del paciente que sufre de demencia se asocia a una sobrecarga y estrés relevantes que se expresa en la elevada morbilidad psicológica constatada en los cuidadores primordiales. Se recomienda diseñar un plan de intervención educativa dirigido a estos cuidadores para reducir la sobrecarga o estrés crónico que sufren.Introduction: senile dementia is nowadays recognized as a major entity in socioeconomic, geriatric, psychiatric and epidemiologic order. Its care represents a high emotional and economic cost for patient, family and fundamental carer

Exploring the tutor-student interaction in a blended university course

OpenAIRE

Krasnova, Tatiana Ivanovna; Popova, Anna

2016-01-01

A meaningful tutor-student interaction requires a new insight into pedagogical principles and proper implementation of modern teaching strategies. This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of online tutoring in blended learning settings and the impact of the tutor-student interaction on the learning process. The article reports on the results of the study on students’ evaluation of the tutor’s role and the tutor-student interaction in a blended university course. The findings show th...

Note-Taking within MetaTutor: Interactions between an Intelligent Tutoring System and Prior Knowledge on Note-Taking and Learning

Science.gov (United States)

Trevors, Gregory; Duffy, Melissa; Azevedo, Roger

2014-01-01

Hypermedia learning environments (HLE) unevenly present new challenges and opportunities to learning processes and outcomes depending on learner characteristics and instructional supports. In this experimental study, we examined how one such HLE--MetaTutor, an intelligent, multi-agent tutoring system designed to scaffold cognitive and…

Apoio social na experiência do familiar cuidador Social support in the family caregiver experience

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Ana Karina Monte Cunha Marques

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Estudo qualitativo, do tipo descritivo, objetivando conhecer a experiência de cuidar de pessoas doentes no contexto dos lares, analisando as implicações do apoio social na saúde física e emocional do familiar cuidador. Os dados foram coletados por meio da entrevista semi-estruturada junto a dezoito familiares cuidadores de pessoas com doenças crônicas. A técnica do discurso do sujeito coletivo foi utilizada para a organização dos dados. Constatou-se que todos os informantes eram do sexo feminino, com idade média de cinquenta anos, possuiam até o nível médio de escolaridade, cuidavam ininterruptamente de pessoa doente, predominando as mães com sequela de acidente vascular cerebral. Relatavam comprometimento da sua saúde relacionado ao cuidado realizado: dor na coluna, hipertensão, enxaqueca e depressão. Os discursos coletivos são sugestivos da quebra das redes sociais e da escassez de apoio, levando a pessoa a rejeitar a condição de cuidador. A sobrecarga ficou caracterizada pelo familiar cuidador perceber-se diante de inúmeras situações de enfrentamento, muitas das quais não conseguia administrar.This is a qualitative and descriptive study aiming to know the experience of taking care of sick people in the context of homes, analyzing the implications of the social support in the physical and emotional health of the family caregiver. The data had been collected by means of the semi-structured interview with 18 family caregivers of people with chronic illnesses. The technique of the Collective subject discourse was used for the organization of the data. One evidenced that all the informers were of the feminine sex, with average age of 50 years and medium instructional level. They took care uninterruptedly of sick people predominating the mothers with sequel of stroke. They reported health complications related to the care carried through: back pain, hypertension, migraine and depression. The collective speeches are

Peer tutoring programs in health professions schools.

Science.gov (United States)

Santee, Jennifer; Garavalia, Linda

2006-06-15

Peer tutoring programs may be one method of maintaining quality of pharmacy education in the face of growing student enrollment and a small faculty body. A critical review of the literature was performed to ascertain whether peer tutoring programs improve or maintain the academic performance of health care professional students. Various electronic databases and abstracts from past American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy's annual meetings were searched to identify pertinent research. Only those articles with quantitative data, an experimental design, and comparative statistical analysis were included for review. Most studies found that peer tutoring had a positive impact on academic performance. These results may not be readily generalizable as there were numerous methodological flaws and limited descriptions of the programs and participants. Studies with better designs and more detail are needed to answer definitively whether peer tutoring is of benefit. Details of what resources were required should be included in the study to allow the reader to determine the feasibility of the intervention.

The effect of attending tutoring on course grades in Calculus I

Science.gov (United States)

Rickard, Brian; Mills, Melissa

2018-04-01

Tutoring centres are common in universities in the United States, but there are few published studies that statistically examine the effects of tutoring on student success. This study utilizes multiple regression analysis to model the effect of tutoring attendance on final course grades in Calculus I. Our model predicted that every three visits to the tutoring centre is correlated with an increase of a students' course grade by one per cent, after controlling for prior academic ability. We also found that for lower-achieving students, attending tutoring had a greater impact on final grades.

What makes a successful volunteer Expert Patients Programme tutor? Factors predicting satisfaction, productivity and intention to continue tutoring of a new public health workforce in the United Kingdom.

Science.gov (United States)

Macdonald, Wendy; Kontopantelis, Evangelos; Bower, Peter; Kennedy, Anne; Rogers, Anne; Reeves, David

2009-04-01

Better management of chronic conditions is a challenge for public health policy. The Expert Patients Programme was introduced into the United Kingdom to improve self-care in people with long-term conditions. To deliver self-care courses, the programme relies on the recruitment and continued commitment to delivering the courses of volunteer lay tutors who have long-term conditions. Ensuring the tutor workforce is productive, satisfied in their role and retained long-term is central to the viability of the programme. This exploratory study aimed to determine what factors predict productivity, intention to continue tutoring, and satisfaction in a sample of volunteer tutors from the Expert Patients Programme. A cross-sectional survey of 895 tutors was carried out and 518 (58%) responded. The questionnaire was designed to describe the characteristics, productivity, intention to continue tutoring, and satisfaction of tutors. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the determinants of productivity, intention to continue tutoring, and satisfaction, such as patient demographics, attitudes, physical and mental health, mastery and self-esteem. Attitudes relating to personal goals, and better health were significant predictors of satisfaction with the tutor role. Only a small proportion of the variance in productivity was accounted for, and tutors were more likely to be productive when they were single, homeowners, car owners, and had lower scores on the depression scale. Overall satisfaction and personal goals were predictors of intention to continue tutoring. Demographic factors, health measures and attitudes each predicted different aspects of the experience of work conducted by the volunteer tutors. The results should prove useful for planning interventions to enhance the success of this new workforce initiative. Attempts to increase participation in courses by people from deprived backgrounds are likely to be enhanced if tutors come from similar

Avaliação da qualidade de vida de cuidadores de afásicos Evaluation of the quality of life of caregivers of aphasic patients

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Ivone Panhoca

2009-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade de vida de cuidadores de afásicos utilizando-se o The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados 30 cuidadores de pacientes afásicos, de ambos os gêneros, na faixa etária de 16 a 70 anos. Do grupo controle fizeram parte 30 sujeitos, totalizando assim 60 sujeitos. Todos foram convidados a responder às questões do SF-36. Além disso, foram consideradas as variáveis: gênero, idade, há quanto tempo ocupa a posição de cuidador, grau de parentesco com o paciente, e comprometimento motor (marcha do afásico. Foram feitas análises de regressão univariada e descritivas para testar as associações entre as variáveis. As pontuações receberam tratamento estatístico utilizando-se o teste U de Mann-Whitney, considerados os objetivos propostos. RESULTADOS: Variáveis como idade, tempo que exerce a função de cuidador, parentesco e comprometimento motor (marcha da pessoa sob cuidados influenciaram significantemente as questões referentes aos aspectos físicos. Nos aspectos emocionais foram significativas apenas as variáveis idade e parentesco. Nos domínios referentes aos aspectos globais a única variável que influenciou no escore final foi o tempo de exercício da função de cuidador. Em relação aos aspectos físicos e globais, os cuidadores apresentaram escores estatisticamente iguais, enquanto que em relação aos aspectos emocionais observou-se que cuidadores tiveram menor escore do que o grupo controle. CONCLUSÃO: Em aspectos físicos e condições gerais, cuidadores e grupo controle não apresentaram diferenças consideráveis. Já em relação aos aspectos emocionais, os cuidadores apresentam-se mais comprometidos do que o grupo controle.PURPOSE: To evaluate the quality of life of caregivers of aphasic patients using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36. METHODS: Thirty caregivers of aphasic patients of both genders, with ages varying from 16 to 70 years

Development and Validation of the Motivation for Tutoring Questionnaire in Problem-Based Learning Programs

OpenAIRE

Kassab, Salah Eldin; Hassan, Nahla; El-Araby, Shimaa; Salem, Abdel Halim; Alrebish, Saleh Ali; Al-Amro, Ahmed S.; Al-Shobaili, Hani A.; Hamdy, Hossam

2017-01-01

Purpose: There are no published instruments, which measure tutor motivation for conducting small group tutorials in problem-based learning programs. Therefore, we aimed to develop a motivation for tutoring questionnaire in problem-based learning (MTQ-PBL) and evaluate its construct validity. Methods: The questionnaire included 28 items representing four constructs: tutoring self-efficacy (15 items), tutoring interest (6 items), tutoring value (4 items), and tutoring effort (3 items). Tutor...

Designing and Evaluating Tutoring Feedback Strategies for Digital Learning Environments on the Basis of the Interactive Tutoring Feedback Model

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Narciss, Susanne

2013-01-01

This paper describes the interactive tutoring feedback model (ITF-model; Narciss, 2006; 2008), and how it can be applied to the design and evaluation of feedback strategies for digital learning environments. The ITF-model conceptualizes formative tutoring feedback as a multidimensional instructional activity that aims at contributing to the…

Implementing CBM: SQL-Tutor after Fifteen Years

Science.gov (United States)

Mitrovic, Antonija; Ohlsson, Stellan

2016-01-01

SQL-Tutor is the first constraint-based tutor. The initial conference papers about the system were published in 1998 (Mitrovic 1998a, 1998b, 1998c), with an "IJAIED" paper published in 1999 (Mitrovic and Ohlsson, "International Journal Artificial Intelligence in Education," 10(3-4), 238-256, 1999). We published another…

Evidence to Support Peer Tutoring Programs at the Undergraduate Level

Science.gov (United States)

Colver, Mitchell; Fry, Trevor

2016-01-01

The present study examined undergraduate peer tutoring in three phases. Phase I qualitatively surveyed students' perceptions about the effectiveness of tutoring. Phase II examined the usefulness of promoting regular use of services through a tutoring contract. Phase III utilized an archival, quasi-experimental approach to estimate the effect of…

A problemática do cuidador familiar do portador de acidente vascular cerebral La problemática del cuidador familiar con el portador de accidente cerebral vascular The problematic aspects of the family caregiver of people who suffered strokes

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Luciene Miranda de Andrade

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se identificar a problemática da família de pessoas acometidas de acidente vascular cerebral hospitalizadas e discutir as dificuldades do cuidador familiar para o cuidado no âmbito domiciliar. A amostra constou de 154 famílias de pacientes internados em um hospital da rede pública de saúde, Fortaleza-CE. Conforme os resultados denotam, a maioria dos cuidadores são mulheres, 104 (67,5%; 122 casos (79,2% apresentam comprometimento familiar e alterações na vida diária em 115 dos acompanhantes (74,7%; 150 (97,4% não receberam orientações acerca dos cuidados, mas 143 (92,9% sentem-se seguros para acompanhá-los. O sentimento predominante foi a tristeza, 125 (81,2%, e as dúvidas principais foram: alimentação, 64 (41,6%, administração de medicamentos, 49 (29,9%, e possíveis complicações clínicas após a alta, 49 (29,9%. Estes resultados alertam para o papel do enfermeiro como educador, não somente na prevenção das doenças crônico-degenerativas, mas, também, na orientação aos cuidadores familiares sobre os cuidados dispensados após a alta hospitalar.El objetivo fue identificar la problemática de la familia de personas acometidas de accidente vascular cerebral hospitalizadas y discutir las dificultades del cuidador familiar en el ámbito domiciliar. La muestra fue constituida por 154 familias de pacientes internados en un hospital de la red pública de salud, en Fortaleza, CE. Conforme los resultados denotan, la mayoría de los cuidadores son mujeres, 104 (67,5%, 122 casos (79,2% presentan comprometimiento familiar y alteraciones en la vida diaria en 115 de los acompañantes (74,7%; 150 (97,4% no recibieron orientaciones acerca de los cuidados; sin embargo 143 (92,9% se sienten seguros para acompañarlos. El sentimiento predominante fue la tristeza, 125 (81,2%, y las dudas principales fueron: alimentación, 64 (41,6%, administración de medicamentos, 49 (29,9%, y posibles complicaciones clínicas después del

Effects of Role and Assignment Rationale on Attitudes Formed During Peer Tutoring

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Bierman, Karen Linn; Furman, Wyndol

2012-01-01

This study examined the role of contextual factors, such as assignment rationale, on the attitudinal effects of peer tutoring. Fourth-grade children engaged in brief tutoring experiences as either a tutor or tutee. Subjects received four rationales for being selected as tutor or tutee: (a) a competence rationale, (b) a physical characteristic rationale, (c) a chance rationale, or (d) no rationale. As predicted, tutors had more positive attitudes than tutees when they had been given a competence or physical characteristic rationale but not when the tutors were provided a chance rationale or no rationale. Additionally, the tutors’ and tutees’ attitudes were enhanced when no rationale was provided. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for a role-theory analysis of tutoring and their implications for applied programs. PMID:23946549

Taking care of children with cancer: evaluation of the caregivers' burden and quality of life Cuidando del niño con cáncer: evaluación de la sobrecarga y calidad de vida de los cuidadores Cuidando da criança com câncer: avaliação da sobrecarga e qualidade de vida dos cuidadores

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Elizete Aparecida Rubira do Espírito Santo

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Cancer is a disease of high incidence among children and the patients need a caregiver during the treatment. Aim: to evaluate: the burden of care and quality of life (QOL of caregivers of children/adolescents with cancer during chemotherapy treatment and relate them to each other and to the socio-demographic data and the presence and degree of signs of depression, Method: It is a cross-sectional study, with 32 caregivers. Socio-demographic, care burden (Caregiver Burden Scale and QOL data (SF-36 were collected. Results: 87.5% of the caregivers were mothers, total score of burden 1.92±0.09 and most compromised score of the SF-36: emotional aspects (59.3, vitality (60.0, pain (60.9. There was a significant correlation between burden and mental health and vitality. Conclusion: Caregivers presented care burden and compromised aspects of QOL and possibly need interventions that will promote social and emotional wellbeing to reduce the burden, improve the quality of life QOL and consequently deliver better care.El cáncer es una enfermedad de alta incidencia entre niños, los que necesitan de un cuidador durante el tratamiento. Se tuvo por objetivo evaluar la sobrecarga de cuidado y la calidad de vida (CV de los cuidadores de niños/adolescentes portadores de cáncer durante el tratamiento quimioterápico, y relacionarlas entre sí y a los datos sociodemográficos, y a la presencia y grado de señales de depresión. Se trata de un estudio transversal, con 32 cuidadores. Fueron recolectados datos sociodemográficos, sobrecarga de cuidado (Caregiver Burden Scale y de CV a través del SF-36. El 87,5% de los cuidadores eran madres, la edad promedio fue 35 años, el puntaje general de sobrecarga fue 1,92±0,09 y los puntajes del SF-36 más comprometidos fueron: aspectos emocionales (59,3, vitalidad (60,0 y dolor (60,9. Se encontró correlación significativa entre sobrecarga, salud mental y vitalidad. Concluimos que los cuidadores

At the Bridging Point: Tutoring Newly Arrived Students in Sweden

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Avery, Helen

2017-01-01

In Sweden, tutoring in the mother tongue is a special support measure primarily intended for newly arrived students to facilitate their transition into the Swedish school system. Tutoring is premised on the collaboration between the class teacher, responsible for subject-related expertise, and the tutor, who contributes with knowledge of the…

Computer assisted tutoring in radiology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jeffery, N.

1997-02-01

The computer-based tutoring of visual concepts such as radiological images is a largely unexplored area. A review of the literature highlights limited use of computers as a means of radiological education, with the majority of systems being little more than hypermedia prototypes, on-line teaching files, and passive CD-Roms. Very few of the systems discussed in the research literature draw on the work from cognitive science and educational psychology for tutoring visual concepts. This thesis details and evaluates a method for indexing and retrieving images from large image databases via a cognitively informed graphical representation of visual concepts. This representation is derived using Multiple Correspondence Analysis from a statistical analysis of features present in the images. It is intended that this representation be used to assist in the computer based teaching of any discipline that requires the tutoring of visual concepts. The domain used as a test bed for this research is Magnetic Resonance Imaging in neuroradiology. Tutoring the interpretation of MR scans of the head represents a real practical problem due to the inherent complexity of the brain and variations in tissue contrast within image sequence and disease/pathology. The literature of concept categorisation and representation is critically reviewed to inform the design of a graphical representation of a concept (a pathology in the application domain). A specification for the design of an explicit representation of visual concepts is drawn from this literature review, together with methods of tutoring based around this model. A methodology for producing this representation is described, and implemented in the development of an overview plot for the concept of a disease of the brain, with associated statistical measures derived and operationalised for typicality and similarity of cases within a disease. These measures are precursors to the development of computer based tutoring strategies for image

Computer assisted tutoring in radiology

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jeffery, N

1997-02-01

The computer-based tutoring of visual concepts such as radiological images is a largely unexplored area. A review of the literature highlights limited use of computers as a means of radiological education, with the majority of systems being little more than hypermedia prototypes, on-line teaching files, and passive CD-Roms. Very few of the systems discussed in the research literature draw on the work from cognitive science and educational psychology for tutoring visual concepts. This thesis details and evaluates a method for indexing and retrieving images from large image databases via a cognitively informed graphical representation of visual concepts. This representation is derived using Multiple Correspondence Analysis from a statistical analysis of features present in the images. It is intended that this representation be used to assist in the computer based teaching of any discipline that requires the tutoring of visual concepts. The domain used as a test bed for this research is Magnetic Resonance Imaging in neuroradiology. Tutoring the interpretation of MR scans of the head represents a real practical problem due to the inherent complexity of the brain and variations in tissue contrast within image sequence and disease/pathology. The literature of concept categorisation and representation is critically reviewed to inform the design of a graphical representation of a concept (a pathology in the application domain). A specification for the design of an explicit representation of visual concepts is drawn from this literature review, together with methods of tutoring based around this model. A methodology for producing this representation is described, and implemented in the development of an overview plot for the concept of a disease of the brain, with associated statistical measures derived and operationalised for typicality and similarity of cases within a disease. These measures are precursors to the development of computer based tutoring strategies for image

Teaching Database Design with Constraint-Based Tutors

Science.gov (United States)

Mitrovic, Antonija; Suraweera, Pramuditha

2016-01-01

Design tasks are difficult to teach, due to large, unstructured solution spaces, underspecified problems, non-existent problem solving algorithms and stopping criteria. In this paper, we comment on our approach to develop KERMIT, a constraint-based tutor that taught database design. In later work, we re-implemented KERMIT as EER-Tutor, and…

Increased correlation coefficient between the written test score and tutors' performance test scores after training of tutors for assessment of medical students during problem-based learning course in Malaysia.

Science.gov (United States)

Jaiprakash, Heethal; Min, Aung Ko Ko; Ghosh, Sarmishtha

2016-03-01

This paper is aimed at finding if there was a change of correlation between the written test score and tutors' performance test scores in the assessment of medical students during a problem-based learning (PBL) course in Malaysia. This is a cross-sectional observational study, conducted among 264 medical students in two groups from November 2010 to November 2012. The first group's tutors did not receive tutor training; while the second group's tutors were trained in the PBL process. Each group was divided into high, middle and low achievers based on their end-of-semester exam scores. PBL scores were taken which included written test scores and tutors' performance test scores. Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated between the two kinds of scores in each group. The correlation coefficient between the written scores and tutors' scores in group 1 was 0.099 (pcorrelation coefficient in the group where tutors received the PBL training reinforces the importance of tutor training before their participation in the PBL course.

Lecturing skills as predictors of tutoring skills in a problem-based medical curriculum.

Science.gov (United States)

Kassab, Salah Eldin; Hassan, Nahla; Abu-Hijleh, Marwan F; Sequeira, Reginald P

2016-01-01

Recruitment of tutors to work in problem-based learning (PBL) programs is challenging, especially in that most of them are graduated from discipline-based programs. Therefore, this study aims at examining whether lecturing skills of faculty could predict their PBL tutoring skills. This study included evaluation of faculty (n=69) who participated in both tutoring and lecturing within particular PBL units at the College of Medicine and Medical Sciences (CMMS), Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain. Each faculty was evaluated by medical students (n=45±8 for lecturing and 8±2 for PBL tutoring) using structured evaluation forms based on a Likert-type scale (poor to excellent). The prediction of tutoring skills using lecturing skills was statistically analyzed using stepwise linear regression. Among the parameters used to judge lecturing skills, the most important predictor for tutoring skills was subject matter mastery in the lecture by explaining difficult concepts and responding effectively to students' questions. Subject matter mastery in the lecture positively predicted five tutoring skills and accounted for 25% of the variance in overall effectiveness of the PBL tutors (F=22.39, P=0.000). Other important predictors for tutoring skills were providing a relaxed class atmosphere and effective use of audiovisual aids in the lecture. Predicting the tutoring skills based on lecturing skills could have implications for recruiting tutors in PBL medical programs and for tutor training initiatives.

Private Supplementary Tutoring in the Czech Republic

Science.gov (United States)

Štastný, Vít

2016-01-01

The study contributes to the literature on private supplementary tutoring by shedding light on this phenomenon in the Czech Republic. The aim of the paper is to identify the reasons for seeking out private supplementary tutoring and to assess the factors underlying its demand. In the representative sample of 1,265 senior upper-secondary school…

Increased Fos expression among midbrain dopaminergic cell groups during birdsong tutoring.

Science.gov (United States)

Nordeen, E J; Holtzman, D A; Nordeen, K W

2009-08-01

During avian vocal learning, birds memorize conspecific song patterns and then use auditory feedback to match their vocal output to this acquired template. Some models of song learning posit that during tutoring, conspecific visual, social and/or auditory cues activate neuromodulatory systems that encourage acquisition of the tutor's song and attach incentive value to that specific acoustic pattern. This hypothesis predicts that stimuli experienced during social tutoring activate cell populations capable of signaling reward. Using immunocytochemistry for the protein product of the immediate early gene c-Fos, we found that brief exposure of juvenile male zebra finches to a live familiar male tutor increased the density of Fos+ cells within two brain regions implicated in reward processing: the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). This activation of Fos appears to involve both dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic VTA/SNc neurons. Intriguingly, a familiar tutor was more effective than a novel tutor in stimulating Fos expression within these regions. In the periaqueductal gray, a dopamine-enriched cell population that has been implicated in emotional processing, Fos labeling also was increased after tutoring, with a familiar tutor again being more effective than a novel conspecific. As several neural regions implicated in song acquisition receive strong dopaminergic projections from these midbrain nuclei, their activation in conjunction with hearing the tutor's song could help to establish sensory representations that later guide motor sequence learning.

The desktop interface in intelligent tutoring systems

Science.gov (United States)

Baudendistel, Stephen; Hua, Grace

1987-01-01

The interface between an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) and the person being tutored is critical to the success of the learning process. If the interface to the ITS is confusing or non-supportive of the tutored domain, the effectiveness of the instruction will be diminished or lost entirely. Consequently, the interface to an ITS should be highly integrated with the domain to provide a robust and semantically rich learning environment. In building an ITS for ZetaLISP on a LISP Machine, a Desktop Interface was designed to support a programming learning environment. Using the bitmapped display, windows, and mouse, three desktops were designed to support self-study and tutoring of ZetaLISP. Through organization, well-defined boundaries, and domain support facilities, the desktops provide substantial flexibility and power for the student and facilitate learning ZetaLISP programming while screening the student from the complex LISP Machine environment. The student can concentrate on learning ZetaLISP programming and not on how to operate the interface or a LISP Machine.

(Handicapped Caregiver: the social representations of family members about the caregiving process Cuida-dor (deficiente: las representaciones sociales de familiares acerca del proceso de cuidar Cuida-dor (deficiente: as representações sociais de familiares acerca do processo de cuidar

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Gisele Regina de Azevedo

2006-10-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to analyze what looking after physically disabled persons with spinal cord injury by trauma means to their caregivers and family members. The analysis of the testimony of eight caregivers, obtained in open interviews, which was methodologically based on the Social Representations Theory (SR, pointed out two main routes: coping with the suffering process in care practice and the troubled waters that permeate this suffering process. These two routes, characterized as SR Central Core and Peripheral System, respectively, consisted of themes like the way of looking at impairment, affectivity, religiosity, social-economical changes and (lack of technical and institutional support. The results show a handicapped caregiver dedicated to look after someone who is physically disabled, considered incapacitated, and who leads his or her chores with distress and privations, based on guilt and religiosity, supported by ambiguous affection and affected by deteriorating social-economical changes and (lack of technical and institutional support to practice an activity that implies so many peculiarities. The transformation alternatives of these caregivers' daily life principally lead to a symbiosis of disability with the patient - to live for the physically disabled - or yet, for a few, a sketch to restart personal life projects - to live with the physically disabled.La finalidad de este estudio fue evaluar los significados del cuidar para cuidadores/familiares que comparten el cuidado domiciliar de minusválidos físicos por lesión medular traumática. Utilizando como referencial metodológico la teoría de las Representaciones Sociales (RS, el análisis de las entrevistas abiertas, realizadas a ocho cuidadores, apuntó dos ejes conductores de los significados: el proceso de sufrimiento vivido por las personas en la práctica del cuidar y el de las aguas turbulentas que atraviesan este sufrimiento. Estos ejes, caracterizados como Núcleo Central

Effects of Fourth and Second Graders' Cross-Age Tutoring on Students' Spelling

Science.gov (United States)

Mitchell, Rebekkah J.; Morrison, Timothy G.; Feinauer, Erika; Wilcox, Brad; Black, Sharon

2016-01-01

A quasi-experimental study examined some effects of cross-age tutoring on fourth grade tutors' and second grade tutees' ability to spell accurately and correct errors on their own rough drafts. Half of the participating tutors were trained in tutoring skills; half were not. All participants were given pre- and post-assessments. On dictated writing…

Lecturing skills as predictors of tutoring skills in a problem-based medical curriculum

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Kassab SE

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Salah Eldin Kassab,1 Nahla Hassan,1 Marwan F Abu-Hijleh,2 Reginald P Sequeira3 1Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; 2College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; 3College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain Purpose: Recruitment of tutors to work in problem-based learning (PBL programs is challenging, especially in that most of them are graduated from discipline-based programs. Therefore, this study aims at examining whether lecturing skills of faculty could predict their PBL tutoring skills. Methods: This study included evaluation of faculty (n=69 who participated in both tutoring and lecturing within particular PBL units at the College of Medicine and Medical Sciences (CMMS, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain. Each faculty was evaluated by medical students (n=45±8 for lecturing and 8±2 for PBL tutoring using structured evaluation forms based on a Likert-type scale (poor to excellent. The prediction of tutoring skills using lecturing skills was statistically analyzed using stepwise linear regression. Results: Among the parameters used to judge lecturing skills, the most important predictor for tutoring skills was subject matter mastery in the lecture by explaining difficult concepts and responding effectively to students' questions. Subject matter mastery in the lecture positively predicted five tutoring skills and accounted for 25% of the variance in overall effectiveness of the PBL tutors (F=22.39, P=0.000. Other important predictors for tutoring skills were providing a relaxed class atmosphere and effective use of audiovisual aids in the lecture. Conclusion: Predicting the tutoring skills based on lecturing skills could have implications for recruiting tutors in PBL medical programs and for tutor training initiatives. Keywords: PBL, tutor, tutoring skills, lecturing skills

Estratégias de coping desenvolvidas por cuidadores de idosos portadores de doença crônica Estrategias de coping desarrolladas por cuidadores de ancianos portadores de enfermedad crónica Coping strategies caregivers of elderly with chronic diseases develop

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Janete Pessuto Simonetti

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Cuidar de um idoso com doença crônica pode representar uma ameaça e resultar em estresse. O sucesso em lidar com esta situação dependerá do coping, definido como um processo utilizado para controlar as demandas da relação indivíduo-ambiente. Neste trabalho, o objetivo foi detectar as estratégias de coping utilizadas por cuidadores de idosos. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo, com base na análise de discurso. A amostra foi composta por 16 indivíduos. As estratégias de coping mais utilizadas pelos cuidadores foram centradas na emoção e a tarefa de cuidar implica em mudanças em suas vidas, desempenhando as atividades sem auxílio, com sobrecarga, perda da liberdade e frustração. O estresse maior está relacionado à falta de ajuda por parte dos familiares e não à divisão das responsabilidades. Estimular o envolvimento da família, educar e fornecer orientações básicas, que possam minimizar as dificuldades do processo de cuidar, poderão contribuir para o bem-estar dos cuidadores.Cuidar a un anciano con enfermedad crónica puede representar una amenaza y resultar en estrés. El éxito para lidiar con esta situación dependerá del coping, definido como un proceso utilizado para controlar las demandas de la relación individuo-ambiente. En este trabajo, el objetivo fue detectar las estrategias de coping utilizadas por cuidadores de ancianos. Fue realizado un estudio cualitativo, con base en el análisis de discurso. La muestra estuvo conformada por 16 individuos. las estrategias de coping más utilizadas por los cuidadores estuvieron centradas en la emoción y la tarea de cuidar implica en cambios en sus vidas, desempeñando las actividades sin ayuda, con sobrecarga, pérdida de la libertad y frustración. El mayor estrés está relacionado a la falta de ayuda por parte de los familiares y no a la división de las responsabilidades. Estimular el involucramiento de la familia, educar y proporcionar orientaciones básicas, que

Caracterización de un colectivo de cuidadores informales de acuerdo a su percepción de la salud

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Trinidad Lorenzo

2014-07-01

Full Text Available La salud autopercibida es un elemento clave a la hora de minimizar el impacto socioeconómico generado por el cuidado de personas mayores con dependencia. En este estudio, se pretende caracterizar a un colectivo de personas cuidadoras informales de acuerdo a dicha variable. Se realizó un estudio transversal con un grupo de cuidadores seleccionados por muestreo no probabilístico incidental, en el área urbana de A Coruña y área rural de Mondoñedo (Lugo. En nuestro estudio, el género y el hábitat se han mostrado como dos variables de gran relevancia a la hora de establecer las necesidades de apoyo de los cuidadores informales de acuerdo a su autopercepción de la salud.

Simulation-Based Cryosurgery Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) Prototype

Science.gov (United States)

Sehrawat, Anjali; Keelan, Robert; Shimada, Kenji; Wilfong, Dona M.; McCormick, James T.; Rabin, Yoed

2015-01-01

As a part of an ongoing effort to develop computerized training tools for cryosurgery, the current study presents a proof-of-concept for a computerized tool for cryosurgery tutoring. The tutoring system lists geometrical constraints of cryoprobes placement, simulates cryoprobe insertion, displays a rendered shape of the prostate, enables distance measurements, simulates the corresponding thermal history, and evaluates the mismatch between the target region shape and a pre-selected planning isotherm. The quality of trainee planning is measured in comparison with a computer-generated planning, created for each case study by previously developed planning algorithms. Two versions of the tutoring system have been tested in the current study: (i) an unguided version, where the trainee can practice cases in unstructured sessions, and (ii) an intelligent tutoring system (ITS), which forces the trainee to follow specific steps, believed by the authors to potentially shorten the learning curve. While the tutoring level in this study aims only at geometrical constraints on cryoprobe placement and the resulting thermal histories, it creates a unique opportunity to gain insight into the process outside of the operation room. Posttest results indicate that the ITS system maybe more beneficial than the non-ITS system, but the proof-of-concept is demonstrated with either system. PMID:25941163

O Estabelecimento de Vínculos entre Cuidadores e Crianças no Contexto das Instituições de Acolhimento: um Estudo Teórico

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Blenda Carine Dantas de Medeiros

Full Text Available Resumo O presente artigo tem como foco a realização de uma discussão teórica acerca do trabalho dos cuidadores residentes, atuantes em instituições de acolhimento na modalidade casa-lar, e busca contemplar as especificidades próprias ao trabalho realizado diretamente com crianças e adolescentes acolhidos, tanto no que diz respeito aos documentos normativos que fundamentam as práticas voltadas ao cumprimento dessa medida protetiva, como também em relação às vivências cotidianas dos cuidadores e às relações estabelecidas com os sujeitos acolhidos e seus familiares. Para isso, realizamos um breve resgate teórico acerca das políticas de acolhimento para crianças e adolescentes no Brasil, seguido de uma análise das produções acadêmicas que apontam aspectos das relações estabelecidas nesses espaços de acolhimento, a partir de pesquisas bibliográficas realizadas nos bancos de dados Parthenon e Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD, com os seguintes descritores: “mãe social”, “mães sociais”, “cuidador* resident*” e “acolhimento”, em combinações diferentes e variando os campos de busca. A leitura dos artigos, teses e dissertações nos possibilitaram discutir algumas questões relativas ao trabalho de cuidadores residentes e ao estabelecimento de vínculos com as crianças e adolescentes acolhidos, com destaque para os tensionamentos vivenciados por esses profissionais, que podem levá-los ao adoecimento decorrente de seu trabalho. Com mais questionamentos que esclarecimentos, fica a certeza da urgência em se voltar o olhar para a identidade profissional e pessoal dos cuidadores residentes, que assumem profissionalmente um lugar de referência afetiva constante e um acompanhamento diário de crianças e adolescentes em situação acolhimento.

Fundamentals of Adaptive Intelligent Tutoring Systems for Self-Regulated Learning

Science.gov (United States)

2015-03-01

ARL-SR-0318 ● MAR 2015 US Army Research Laboratory Fundamentals of Adaptive Intelligent Tutoring Systems for Self-Regulated...Adaptive Intelligent Tutoring Systems for Self-Regulated Learning by Robert A Sottilare Human Research and Engineering Directorate, ARL...TITLE AND SUBTITLE Fundamentals of Adaptive Intelligent Tutoring Systems for Self-Regulated Learning 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c

The learning theories’ knowledge applied in the performance of distance tutor

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Fernanda Abreu de Moraes Figueiredo

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract: This study aimed to identify the most influential theory of learning related to the practice of mentoring from behaviorism, cognitivism, humanism, the sociocultural theory and connectivism, and apply the most appropriate theories to solve common problems in distance education. For this purpose, we used the literature method. It was noted that each of the theories end up being influential to the role of tutor. Therefore, the learning tends to be richer in the ratio and effective to apply different theories together. However, that support better substantiating tutor's role is humanism, the sociocultural theory and connectivism. It was noticed that the problems often experienced by students in distance education are due to failures tutor interaction and affection, implying to resolve them closer tutor with the student to have more responsibility in the exchange of information, meeting deadlines and clarity in the disclosure notes assessments. Knowledge are mainly from humanism and sociocultural theory that end up not only reasons for existence of the tutor as serving to improve the development of the quality of tutor-student interaction. Keywords: learning theories; distance learning (DL; tutor distance.

Tutoring system for nondestructive testing using computer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Jin Koo; Koh, Sung Nam [Joong Ang Inspection Co.,Ltd., Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Shim, Yun Ju; Kim, Min Koo [Dept. of Computer Engineering, Aju University, Suwon (Korea, Republic of)

1997-10-15

This paper is written to introduce a multimedia tutoring system for nondestructive testing using personal computer. Nondestructive testing, one of the chief methods for inspecting welds and many other components, is very difficult for the NDT inspectors to understand its technical basis without a wide experience. And it is necessary for considerable repeated education and training for keeping their knowledge. The tutoring system that can simulate NDT works is suggested to solve the above problem based on reasonable condition. The tutoring system shows basic theories of nondestructive testing in a book-style with video images and hyper-links, and it offers practices, in which users can simulate the testing equipment. The book-style and simulation practices provide effective and individual environments for learning nondestructive testing.

Tutoring system for nondestructive testing using computer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Jin Koo; Koh, Sung Nam; Shim, Yun Ju; Kim, Min Koo

1997-01-01

This paper is written to introduce a multimedia tutoring system for nondestructive testing using personal computer. Nondestructive testing, one of the chief methods for inspecting welds and many other components, is very difficult for the NDT inspectors to understand its technical basis without a wide experience. And it is necessary for considerable repeated education and training for keeping their knowledge. The tutoring system that can simulate NDT works is suggested to solve the above problem based on reasonable condition. The tutoring system shows basic theories of nondestructive testing in a book-style with video images and hyper-links, and it offers practices, in which users can simulate the testing equipment. The book-style and simulation practices provide effective and individual environments for learning nondestructive testing.

Implementing peer tutoring in a graduate medical education programme.

Science.gov (United States)

Salerno-Kennedy, Rossana; Henn, Pat; O'Flynn, Siun

2010-06-01

In modern times, peer tutoring methods have been explored in health care education for over 30 years. In this paper, we report our experience of implementing a peer-tutoring approach to Clinical Skills Laboratory (CSL) training in the Graduate Entry in Medicine Programme (GEM) at University College Cork. Eighteen fourth-year medical students were recruited as peer tutors for CSL sessions on physical examination. In order to standardise the process, we developed a training course for peer tutors that comprised two stages. They then ran the practical sessions with junior students, under the watchful eye of medical educators. At the end of the last CSL session, the students were given 10 minutes to reflect individually on the experience, and were asked to complete a feedback form. Twenty-four of the 42 GEM students and six of the seven Senior Tutors (STs) completed and returned their feedback forms. With the caveats of small sample sizes and low response rates, both groups reported that they had both positive and negative experiences of peer tutoring, but that the positive experiences predominated. The overall experience was positive. In terms of the primary thesis of this study, the STs thought that they were well prepared by the teaching staff to take part in these teaching sessions. © Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010.

Dr Math moves to C³TO: Chatter call center/tutoring online

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Butgereit, L

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Dr Math is a mobile tutoring system which has been running in South Africa for three years. It links primary and secondary school pupils to tutors in mathematics. The pupils use the popular Mxit chat client on their cell phones. The tutors use full...

The Challenges of Becoming Tutors at Electronic Environments

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María Eugenia López Hurtado

2014-07-01

Full Text Available This paper presents a research report of my own experience as a tutor in electronic environments which I have accumulated throughout the guidance for English learners of basic level at a public university. This article looks for illustrating the researcher's own perceptions and challenges as becoming an e-tutor. Therefore, I will introduce an overview of studies and experiences that address this issue in international contexts, and then I will refer to my own experience where I describe the roles that emerged while I was administrating and delivering e- learning pedagogical experiences such as an exploration of some skills and learning activities carried out in an English course; this description embraces three different stages (before, during and after of implementation. Subsequently, some discussion of the results is provided gathered from the research instruments I used. Finally, some conclusions and suggestions are provided in regards to the research question of the study, its outcomes on how tutors' challenges shape tutor's roles in electronic environments.

Web-based eTutor for learningn electrical circuit analysis

OpenAIRE

Debono, Jason; Muscat, Adrian; Porter, Chris; Connections

2018-01-01

This paper discusses a web-based eTutor for learning electrical circuit analysis. The eTutor system components, mainly the user-interface and the assessment model, are described. The system architecture developed provides a framework to support interactive sessions between the human and the machine for the case when the human is a student and the machine a tutor and also for the case when the roles of the human and the machine are swapped. To motivate the usefulness of the data...

A Study of Learners’ Reflection on Andragogical Skills of Distance Education Tutors

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Irshad Hussain

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The researcher conducted present study with the objectives to a. evaluate attitude of learners towards academic and tutoring skills of distance education tutors, b. assess the opinion of distance learners about assessment and evaluation skills of their tutors and c. examine reflection of learners on scaffolding skills of distance education tutors. The population of the study consisted of learners of pre-service teacher education (B.Ed semester spring 2010 programme of Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad. The sample of the study was taken through the convenient sampling technique from three regions of Allama Iqbal Open University situated in the Punjab Province. A questionnaire was designed using a five-point (rating/Likert scale to elicit the reflection of (600 learners. However, the response rate was 78% (468 of the total sample. Interview schedule was also used as a research tool for collecting qualitative data from (50 respondents in five groups. The researcher analysed data quantitatively and qualitatively. The study concluded that the overall reflection of distance learners on andragogical skills of their tutors was positive. Apparently they were satisfied with andragogical skills of their tutors. They asserted that their tutors had academic and tutoring skills (consisting of encouraging, guiding & facilitating –emboldening and enabling skills, assessment & evaluation skills, and technical and social skills. However, tutors needed training to use social websites, Skype and mobile phone conferences and online discussion. Keeping in view the conclusion of the study, the researcher recommended short and long term training of tutors to use information and communication technologies appropriately.

What’s about Peer Tutoring Learning Model?

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Muthma'innah, M.

2017-09-01

Mathematics learning outcomes in Indonesia in general is still far from satisfactory. One effort that could be expected to solve the problem is to apply the model of peer tutoring learning in mathematics. This study aims to determine whether the results of students’ mathematics learning can be enhanced through peer tutoring learning models. This type of research is the study of literature, so that the method used is to summarize and analyze the results of relevant research that has been done. Peer tutoring learning model is a model of learning in which students learn in small groups that are grouped with different ability levels, all group members to work together and help each other to understand the material. By paying attention to the syntax of the learning, then learning will be invaluable peer tutoring for students who served as teachers and students are taught. In mathematics, the implementation of this learning model can make students understand each other mathematical concepts and help students in solving mathematical problems that are poorly understood, due to the interaction between students in learning. Then it will be able to improve learning outcomes in mathematics. The impact, it can be applied in mathematics learning.

Mixed-method tutoring support improves learning outcomes of veterinary students in basic subjects.

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García-Iglesias, María J; Pérez-Martínez, Claudia; Gutiérrez-Martín, César B; Díez-Laiz, Raquel; Sahagún-Prieto, Ana M

2018-02-01

Tutoring is a useful tool in the university teaching-learning binomial, although its development is impaired in large classes. Recent improvements in information and communication technologies have made tutoring possible via the Internet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of mixed-method academic tutoring in two basic subjects in Veterinary Science studies at the University of León (Spain) to optimize the usefulness of tutoring support in the college environment. This quasi-experimental study was firstly carried out as a pilot study in a small group of tutored students of "Cytology and Histology" (CH) (47/186; 25.3%) and "Veterinary Pharmacology" (VP) (33/141; 23.4%) subjects, and was implemented in a large class of CH the next academic year (150 students) while comparing the results with those obtained in a previous tutorless course (162 students). Tutored students were given access to online questionnaires with electronic feedback on each subject. In addition to traditional tutoring carried out in both tutored and tutorless students, the pilot study included three sessions of face-to-face tutoring in order to monitor the progress of students. Its efficacy was assessed by monitoring students' examination scores and attendance as well as a satisfaction survey. Although the examination attendance rate in the pilot study was not significantly different between tutored and tutorless groups in both subjects, an increase for numerical scores in tutored groups was observed, with a significant higher final score in VP (p = 0.001) and in the CH practice exams (first term, p = 0.009; final, p = 0.023). Good and merit scores were also better in tutored students with significant differences in VP (p = 0.005). Students felt comfortable with the tutoring service (100% in CH; 91.7% in VP). Implementation of this additional support in CH also resulted in a significant increase of attendance at the final exam in tutored courses (87.3% versus 77

Caracterización sociodemográfica del cuidador familiar de la persona mayor en una localidad de Bogotá-Colombia / Socio-demographic Characteristics of the Caregiver for Elderly People in a Location in Bogota-Colombia / Caracterização sociodemográfica do cuidador familiar da pessoa idosa numa região da cidade de Bogotá-Colômbia

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Blanca Nieves Piratoba-Hernández, Enf., Esp., MSc.

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Introducción: El incremento de la población adulta mayor y de las enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles aumenta la demanda de cuidados permanentes que recaen en las mujeres. El reconocimiento de las características sociodemográficas permite identificar la situación que viven los cuidadores. Objetivo: Caracterizar los cuidadores familiares de la persona mayor en situación de dependencia, para contribuir al desarrollo de programas adaptables a las necesidades de los cuidadores. Metodología: Diseño descriptivo cuantitativo de corte transversal entre agosto de 2010 a marzo 2011. La recolección de información mediante entrevista domiciliaria, con cuestionario de caracterización socio demográfica. La muestra intencional de 91 cuidadores. Para el análisis estadístico se empleó programa SPSS versión 15. Resultados: Se evidenciaron cuidadores familiares en un rango de edad de 36 a 59 años (53%, la mayoría mujeres 81%, con niveles de escolaridad de primaria o bachillerato incompleto 45%, casados(as 36%, con dedicación completa al hogar 53%,afiliados al régimen subsidiado o del Estado 87%; el rol de cuidador familiar lo han ejercido por más de 37 meses (87%, con una dedicación diaria de 24 horas (54% y la mayoría es cuidado por el hijo(a. Estos cuidadores no poseen herramientas suficientes para enfrentar las situaciones negativas derivadas del cuidado de la persona mayor. Conclusiones: Características como la edad, nivel de educación, tiempo de dedicación al cuidado, la red de apoyo, la ocupación y la situación socioeconómica hacen inminente la búsqueda de alternativas para los cuidadores que no cuentan con recursos para acceder a niveles óptimos de información; estos resultados permiten a diferentes sectores ejecutar acciones, generar programas de acuerdo con necesidades identificadas que impacten sobre la calidad de vida de los cuidadores; la normativa existente del Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud ofrece

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTELLIGENT INSTRUCTIVE SYSTEM: Scholastic Tutor (St*

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Adebiyi MARION O.

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS is an act of impacting knowledge while computer teaches or acts as the tutors which is a supplement to human teachers. The ability to teach each student based on their individual abilities a major advantage posed by ITS and that is why it is being embraced in this work. This work describes the design of an Intelligent Tutoring System that was tagged Scholastic tutor (St*, which has the individual learning and collaborative problem-solving modules. The individual tutoring module was designed to provide appropriate lessons to individuals based on his/her background knowledge level, interest, and learning style and assimilation rate prior to using the tutoring system. A software agent is used to monitor and process these parameters, arrange the learning topic, and exercises, for each individual. The collaborative problem-based tutoring module was designed to present tutorial problems and provides facilities to assist learners with some useful information and advice for problem solving. This is because the present lecturing methodology which is the conventional teaching methodology provides an interactive classroom setting that promotes the open exchange of ideas and allows for the lecturer to communicate directly with the students but has a great disadvantage of not teaching all the students according to their own learning rate and pace. The intelligent tutor solves this problem by providing individualised learning for each student where they can learn according to their own pace and learning abilities it will provide remedy and advice when learners encounter difficulties during learning session. The classical model of ITS architecture has four main modules; domain model, student model, tutoring model and the user interface model.

Tutoring deaf students in higher education: a comparison of baccalaureate and sub-baccalaureate student perceptions.

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Lang, Harry G; Biser, Eileen; Mousley, Keith; Orlando, Richard; Porter, Jeff

2004-01-01

Seventy-three deaf college students completed a survey examining perceptions about tutoring outcomes and emphases, characteristics of tutors, and responsibilities associated with learning through tutoring. The comparisons revealed that while baccalaureate and sub-baccalaureate students have many similar perceptions about tutoring, there are also some striking differences. In particular, as compared to the sub-baccalaureate students, baccalaureate students have a stronger preference for focusing on course content and for working with tutors who actively involve them during the tutoring sessions. In addition, baccalaureate students prefer to decide the focus of the tutoring themselves while sub-baccalaureate students tend to leave the decision to the tutor. The results of the analyses with three scales measuring perceptions of tutoring dimensions are summarized and recommendations for the selection and preparation of tutors, as well as for future research, are provided.

Efecto de un programa educativo en la habilidad de cuidado de los cuidadores familiares de personas en situación crónica de enfermedad

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Olga Marina Vega-Angarita

2008-12-01

Full Text Available El estudio corresponde a un diseño tipo cuasiexperimental con abordaje cuantitativo. Pretende medir el efecto de un programa educativo de apoyo en la habilidad de cuidado de los cuidadores familiares de pacientes en situación de enfermedad crónica mediante la utilización del CAI (Caring Hability Inventory de Ngozi NKongho se estructura en cuatro fases: la primera, comprende la medición inicial de la habilidad del cuidado de los cuidadores participantes; la segunda, corresponde a la implementación de programa educativo estructurado por los autores del estudio; la tercera , se efectúa la medición final de la habilidad una vez finalizado el programa educativo, y en la cuarta, se desarrolló el análisis comparativo entre los resultados iniciales y los finales obtenidos en la muestra. Respecto a la habilidad total, se encontró que la aplicación del programa educativo para los cuidadores familiares de personas en situación crónica de enfermedad, presentó un efecto estadístico significativo. Al realizar el análisis comparativo por categorías se observa un efecto estadístico significativo en la categoría de valor (t: 2.81. Sobre las categorías de conocimiento y paciencia, se observó una reubicación en el número de cuidadores hacia el nivel óptimo con la implementación del programa.

ASPIRE: An Authoring System and Deployment Environment for Constraint-Based Tutors

Science.gov (United States)

Mitrovic, Antonija; Martin, Brent; Suraweera, Pramuditha; Zakharov, Konstantin; Milik, Nancy; Holland, Jay; McGuigan, Nicholas

2009-01-01

Over the last decade, the Intelligent Computer Tutoring Group (ICTG) has implemented many successful constraint-based Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) in a variety of instructional domains. Our tutors have proven their effectiveness not only in controlled lab studies but also in real classrooms, and some of them have been commercialized.…

Escalas para avaliação da sobrecarga de cuidadores de pacientes com Acidente Vascular Encefálico

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Ana Railka de Souza Oliveira

2012-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as escalas disponíveis na literatura para medir a sobrecarga de cuidadores de pacientes acometidos por acidente vascular encefálico. Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica nas três bases de dados: LILACS, CINAHL e SCOPUS. Selecionaram-se 23 trabalhos e identificaram-se 24 diferentes escalas. Destas, as mais citadas foram o Caregiver Strain Index, a Caregiver Burden Scale, a Caregiver Reaction Assessment, o Sense of Competence Questionnaire, a Relatives Stress Scale e a Zarit Burden Interview. O uso de escalas para mensurar a sobrecarga é uma ferramenta importante para avaliar o contexto no qual está inserido o cuidador, entretanto é mais fidedigno quando associado a outros instrumentos de mensuração. Portanto, é fundamental pesquisas de validação de escalas para essa população.

Úlceras por presión en personas con lesión medular: conocimiento de familiares y cuidadores Úlceras por pressão em pessoas com lesão medular: conhecimento de familiares e cuidadores Pressure Ulcers in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: Knowledge of Relatives and Caregivers

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ZUILA MARIA DE FIGUEIREDO

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: evaluar el conocimiento sobre los factores de riesgo y prevención de úlceras por presión, desde la perspectiva de los familiares y cuidadores de personas con lesión medular en el domicilio. Método: estudio descriptivo transversal, cuantitativo. La muestra fue de 50 personas. Los datos se recogieron por medio de un cuestionario en los meses de agosto a diciembre de 2008. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa SPSS Windows, versión 13.0. Resultados: se constató que la familia y los cuidadores tienen conocimientos acertados sobre su papel en la prevención, 80% de los casos y los pacientes que presentan mayor riesgo son los postrados en cama, parapléjicos y ancianos (74%; se debe orientar a los pacientes y familiares sobre factores de riesgo de las úlceras por presión (100%; la piel limpia y seca evita la aparición de UP (64%. Con relación a los errores de conocimiento están relacionados con la periodicidad en la valoración de la integridad de la piel (84% y el uso de sábanas de movimiento en el traslado y movilización del paciente (80%. Discusión: el alto índice de aciertos sobre los factores de riesgo pone en evidencia que los familiares y cuidadores poseen buenos conocimientos: están preparados para cuidar; entre tanto, la gran incidencia de errores acerca de las medidas de prevención de las úlceras por presión muestra que familiares y cuidadores no poseen conocimientos adecuados sobre tales medidas. Conclusiones: la investigación muestra que es imprescindible la evaluación del conocimiento de los familiares y cuidadores a fin de implementar acciones correctivas para hacerlos aptos para cuidar de forma adecuada de las personas con lesión medular.Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento dos fatores de risco e prevenção de úlceras por pressão a partir da perspectiva de familiares e cuidadores de pessoas com lesão medular em casa. Método: estudo descritivo, transversal, quantitativo. A amostra foi de

Song tutoring in presinging zebra finch juveniles biases a small population of higher-order song-selective neurons toward the tutor song.

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Adret, Patrice; Meliza, C Daniel; Margoliash, Daniel

2012-10-01

We explored physiological changes correlated with song tutoring by recording the responses of caudal nidopallium neurons of zebra finches aged P21-P24 (days post hatching) to a broad spectrum of natural and synthetic stimuli. Those birds raised with their fathers tended to show behavioral evidence of song memorization but not of singing; thus auditory responses were not confounded by the birds' own vocalizations. In study 1, 37 of 158 neurons (23%) in 17 of 22 tutored and untutored birds were selective for only 1 of 10 stimuli comprising broadband signals, early juvenile songs and calls, female calls, and adult songs. Approximately 30% of the selective neurons (12/37 neurons in 9 birds) were selective for adult conspecific songs. All these were found in the song system nuclei HVC and paraHVC. Of 122 neurons (17 birds) in tutored birds, all of the conspecific song-selective neurons (8 neurons in 6 birds) were selective for the adult tutor song; none was selective for unfamiliar song. In study 2 with a different sampling strategy, we found that 11 of 12 song-selective neurons in 6 of 7 birds preferred the tutor song; none preferred unfamiliar or familiar conspecific songs. Most of these neurons were found in caudal lateral nidopallium (NCL) below HVC. Thus by the time a bird begins to sing, there are small numbers of tutor song-selective neurons distributed in several forebrain regions. We hypothesize that a small population of higher-order auditory neurons is innately selective for complex features of behaviorally relevant stimuli and these responses are modified by specific perceptual/social experience during development.

Sobrecarga e qualidade de vida de cuidadores de criança e adolescentes com câncer em tratamento quimioterápico Sobrecarga y calidad de vida de cuidadores de niños y adolescentes con cáncer en tratamiento quimioterápico Burden and quality of life of caregivers of children and adolescents with chemotherapy treatment for cancer

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Elizete Aparecida Rubira

2012-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a sobrecarga de cuidado e a qualidade de vida (QV de cuidadores de crianças/adolescentes com câncer durante tratamento quimioterápico e relacioná-las entre si e aos dados sociodemográficos. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, com 160 cuidadores. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, sobrecarga de cuidado, conforme "Caregiver Burden Scale" e de QV pelo SF-36. RESULTADOS: 88,7% dos cuidadores eram mães, idade média 34,9 anos, escore geral de sobrecarga 2,09±0,04 e escores do SF-36 mais comprometidos: aspectos emocionais, vitalidade, saúde mental e aspectos físicos. O modelo de regressão respondeu 36,0% da sobrecarga. CONCLUSÃO: A QV dos cuidadores e sobrecarga de cuidados vivenciada mostram-se comprometidas em diversos domínios, e essas alterações podem afetar a qualidade da assistência prestada às crianças e adolescentes e propiciar desajustes na própria saúde.OBJETIVO: Evaluar la sobrecarga del cuidado y la calidad de vida (CV de cuidadores de niños/adolescentes con cáncer durante el tratamiento quimioterápico y relacionarlas entre sí y a los datos sociodemográficos. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal, realizado con 160 cuidadores. Fueron recolectados datos sociodemográficos, sobrecarga de cuidado, conforme "Caregiver Burden Scale" y de CV por el SF-36. RESULTADOS: 88,7% de los cuidadores eran madres, edad promedio 34,9 años, scores general de sobrecarga 2,09±0,04 y scores del SF-36 más comprometidos: aspectos emocionales, vitalidad, salud mental y aspectos físicos. El modelo de regresión respondió a 36,0% de la sobrecarga. CONCLUSIÓN: La CV de los cuidadores y sobrecarga de cuidados vivenciada se muestran comprometidas en diversos dominios, y esas alteraciones pueden afectar a la calidad de la asistencia prestada a los niños y adolescentes, propiciando desajustes en la propia salud.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the burden of care and quality of life (QOL of caregivers of children/adolescents with cancer

Care of patients with Alzheimer and their skills in caring, in the city of Cartagena Los cuidadores de pacientes con Alzheimer y su habilidad de cuidado, en la ciudad de Cartagena

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MONTALVO PRIETO AMPARO ASTRID

2007-12-01

Full Text Available The study established the characteristics and the skills in caring for an Alzheimer's patient, by the main family care provider in Cartagena. We carried out a descriptive quantitative study of 84 care providers for Alzheimer patients, in Cartagena and neighboring towns, of different gender and social level, who came to the hospital institution, i.e. the "Fundación Instituto de Rehabilitación del Epiléptico (FIRE". The instruments used was care ability index or, "Inventario de la habilidad de cuidado (CAI" by Ngozi Nkongho, whose reliability was validated in its Spanish version, which enable us to measure the degree of knowledge, the value and patience in skilled care of family care providers, and the characterizing them as per the survey characteristics of care providers, i.e. "Caracterización de los cuidadores". The finding confirmed the thesis of the literature regarding the similarities present among care providers in as far as gender, age, family ties and low skill level of those family providers in terms of knowledge, the worth and the patience when caring for patients with Alzheimer diseases. The results suggest the need to strengthen family care providers in terms of skilled care in three dimensions, thru the conformation of support groups.El estudio estableció las características y la habilidad de cuidado del cuidador familiar principal del paciente con Alzheimer en la ciudad de Cartagena. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de abordaje cuantitativo a 84 cuidadores de pacientes con Alzheimer, en la ciudad de Cartagena y pueblos aledaños, de diferente género y estrato social, que acuden como usuarios a la institución hospitalaria Fundación Instituto de Rehabilitación del Epiléptico (FIRE. Los instrumentos utilizados, "Inventario de la habilidad de cuidado (CAI" de Ngozi Nkongho, cuya confiabilidad se validó en su versión al español, permitió hacer la medición de la dimensiones conocimiento, valor y paciencia de la

Effects of First-Grade Number Knowledge Tutoring With Contrasting Forms of Practice.

Science.gov (United States)

Fuchs, Lynn S; Geary, David C; Compton, Donald L; Fuchs, Douglas; Schatschneider, Christopher; Hamlett, Carol L; Deselms, Jacqueline; Seethaler, Pamela M; Wilson, Julie; Craddock, Caitlin F; Bryant, Joan D; Luther, Kurstin; Changas, Paul

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 1st-grade number knowledge tutoring with contrasting forms of practice. Tutoring occurred 3 times per week for 16 weeks. In each 30-min session, the major emphasis (25 min) was number knowledge; the other 5 min provided practice in 1 of 2 forms. Nonspeeded practice reinforced relations and principles addressed in number knowledge tutoring. Speeded practice promoted quick responding and use of efficient counting procedures to generate many correct responses. At-risk students were randomly assigned to number knowledge tutoring with speeded practice ( n = 195), number knowledge tutoring with nonspeeded practice ( n = 190), and control (no tutoring, n = 206). Each tutoring condition produced stronger learning than control on all 4 mathematics outcomes. Speeded practice produced stronger learning than nonspeeded practice on arithmetic and 2-digit calculations, but effects were comparable on number knowledge and word problems. Effects of both practice conditions on arithmetic were partially mediated by increased reliance on retrieval, but only speeded practice helped at-risk children compensate for weak reasoning ability.

A CONDUTA DO TRATAMENTO MEDICAMENTOSO POR CUIDADORES DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE LONGA PERMANÊNCIA PARA IDOSOS

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Débora Santos Lula Barros

2016-07-01

Full Text Available O medicamento constitui uma importante tecnologia em saúde no cuidado gerontológico. Dentro desse contexto, o objetivo desse estudo é analisar e discutir a conduta do tratamento medicamentoso sob a ótica dos cuidadores de idosos de uma instituição de longa permanência situada no Distrito Federal, Brasil. Segundo os dados obtidos por meio da realização de uma pesquisa qualitativa que adotou a técnica de entrevista com as oito cuidadoras da Instituição, a complexidade da farmacoterapia, a sobrecarga de trabalho, a não aceitação de uso dos medicamentos pelos idosos e a falta de conhecimentos pelos cuidadores são fatores que prejudicam a racionalidade e operacionalidade dos esquemas terapêuticos. Os cuidadores, juntamente com a equipe de saúde da Instituição, desenvolveram estratégias de enfrentamento para não haver esquecimento na administração das doses dos medicamentos, assim como haja o provimento e acesso regular às essas tecnologias pelos utentes. Embora a discussão do tema assistência farmacêutica nessas instituições seja escassa na literatura, em virtude do envelhecimento populacional e ampliação da prestação desses tipos de serviços, é notável a necessidade de manutenção desse tema na agenda de pesquisa e produção técnico-científica.

Cuestiones existenciales en la esquizofrenia: percepción de portadores y cuidadores

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Luciane Carniel Wagner

2011-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Examinar los temas y cuestiones existenciales del cotidiano de personas con esquizofrenia y de sus cuidadores. MÉTODOS: Estudio cualitativo con grupos focales. Fueron incluidos 146 sujetos con esquizofrenia (55% hombres y 80 cuidadores (75% mujeres que provenían de servicios primarios y secundarios de salud de Argentina, Brasil, Chile, España, Inglaterra y Venezuela. Cada grupo tenía de 6 a 10 participantes. Los datos fueron explorados por el proceso de análisis de contenido. RESULTADOS: Fueron identificadas cuatro cuestiones existenciales omnipresentes en los discursos: la necesidad de realización como persona y de encontrar un sentido en la vida; la necesidad de ser respetado y no sufrir discriminación; el conflicto decurrente de la pérdida de autonomía; la importancia de comprender la enfermedad y de reconocerse como enfermo. Las cuestiones existenciales aparecieron fuertemente conectadas a necesidades objetivas, como la falta de ocupación y trabajo, que generalmente resultan en una vida sin propósito y sentido. CONCLUSIONES: Hace falta desarrollar un nuevo tipo de cuidado en salud, en que la consideración por la persona con esquizofrenia y la valoración de su subjetividad sean tan importantes cuanto el tratamiento biológico, así como crear estrategias de promoción de la salud que comprendan mecanismos de inclusión laboral y combato al estigma.

Supporting undergraduate nursing students through structured personal tutoring: Some reflections.

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Watts, Tessa E

2011-02-01

Support is imperative for nursing students worldwide as they face the many challenges associated with learning and working. Moreover enhancing student retention is an increasing concern for institutions across the globe. The personal tutor is a frequently hidden yet potentially significant figure in many students' experience of higher education. This paper offers some critical reflections on a structured approach to personal tutoring within an undergraduate nursing programme in a research focused Welsh university. Structured personal tutoring can provide an organised, coherent and proactive support system throughout students' educational programmes. However the approach changes the shape of personal tutoring and has the potential to increase academics' workloads and with it costs. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Peer Tutoring with Child-Centered Play Therapy Language

Science.gov (United States)

Vavreck, Sarah; Esposito, Judy

2012-01-01

The focus of this paper is on responses from fifth grade peer tutors who were trained to use child-centered play therapy language during tutoring sessions with kindergarteners. The focus of this project was to identify academic and social/emotional benefits of participating in the program. Results indicated that participation in the program…

Managing Face Threats and Instructions in Online Tutoring

Science.gov (United States)

Brummernhenrich, Benjamin; Jucks, Regina

2013-01-01

Although tutoring is very effective, tutors often neglect certain strategies such as direct negative feedback. This might be because they want to avoid threatening their tutee's face. The concept of face derives from politeness theory and refers to the aspects of autonomy and social appreciation people claim for themselves and strive to negotiate…

Who Is the Preferred Tutor in Clinical Skills Training: Physicians, Nurses, or Peers?

Science.gov (United States)

Abay, Ece Şükriye; Turan, Sevgi; Odabaşı, Orhan; Elçin, Melih

2017-01-01

Phenomenon: Clinical skills centers allow structured training of undergraduate medical students for the acquisition of clinical skills in a simulated environment. Physician, nurse, or peer tutors are employed for training in those centers. All tutors should have appropriate training about the methodology used in the clinical skills training. Many of the studies revealed the effectiveness of various types of tutors. The aim of our study was to evaluate medical students' satisfaction with clinical skills training, and their opinions about the differences in coaching skills among the physician, nurse, and peer tutors. This study was conducted with third-year students (467 students) in 2013-2014 academic year at Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine. Participation rate was 85 % (397 students). The students attended the suturing skill training in groups of 40 students. First, a faculty member from the Department of Medical Education delivered a video demonstration and conducted discussion. After the demonstration, the students were divided into groups of 5-6 students. A physician, nurse, or a peer tutor facilitated each group. The students were asked to complete the Coaching Skills Evaluation Form after the practicum session. It contained 13 criteria for assessing the coaching skills. Additionally, the form included a question for rating the student's satisfaction with the tutor. The performance of the tutors at each step was rated on a three-point scale. Kruskal Wallis analysis was used to compare students' scores for their tutors. The students' satisfaction with tutors was high for all of the tutors. However, there was no difference between students' scores in suturing skill, and between physician, nurse, and peer tutors' coaching skills. Insights: In this study, we revealed that physician, nurse, and peer tutors were equally effective on the students' performances. They were also regarded as effective in their teaching role by students. But the most important

The Effect of Attending Tutoring on Course Grades in Calculus I

Science.gov (United States)

Rickard, Brian; Mills, Melissa

2018-01-01

Tutoring centres are common in universities in the United States, but there are few published studies that statistically examine the effects of tutoring on student success. This study utilizes multiple regression analysis to model the effect of tutoring attendance on final course grades in Calculus I. Our model predicted that every three visits to…

Tutoring szkolny jako koncepcja i metoda wsparcia rozwoju ucznia

OpenAIRE

Drozd, Ewa; Zembrzuska, Agnieszka

2013-01-01

Celem artykułu jest dokonanie opisu koncepcji i metody tutoringu szkolnego w odniesieniu do kilkuletnich doświadczeń programu Kolegium Tutorów realizowanego przy wsparciu lokalnych władz oświatowych. Tutoring ma korzenie akademickie jako zindywidualizowana metoda pracy studenta z profesorem, jego istotą jest otwarcie na potrzeby drugiego człowieka i wspieranie w rozwoju. Można wskazać kilka źródeł filozoficznych, które dookreślają czym współcześnie jest tutoring (sokratejski dialog, filozofia...

Automated topic spotting provides added efficiency in a chat based tutoring environment

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Butgereit, L

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Dr Math is a mobile, online tutoring project which allows primary and secondary school pupils to contact tutors in mathematics using text based chat systems on their cell phones. The tutors use traditional Internet based workstations. Dr Math...

El mundo afectivo de adultos mayores en situación de dependencia y sus cuidadores

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Juana Rosa Hidalgo-Martinola

2015-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del presente trabajo es caracterizar la relación interpersonal entre cuidadores informales primarios y adultos mayores en situación de dependencia, a partir, de un estudio de casos múltiples. Se empleó la metodología cualitativa y el método etnometodológico. Se seleccionaron tres casos, por la presencia de diferentes grados de dependencia en los adultos mayores. Las técnicas empleadas fueron: entrevista en profundidad, escala de evaluación funcional y la observación abierta.Los principales resultados muestran que las relaciones interpersonales entre un cuidador informal primario y un adulto mayor en situación de dependencia, actualizan la historia de la relación anterior, generando vivencias de frustración y/o satisfacción en función de la dinámica pasada. Este proceso primario adquiere más trascendencia que las propias habilidades comunicativas en la relación y marcan una vivencia de la relación, que en algunos casos, se diferencia de la vivencia de la labor del cuidado.

Percepção dos cuidadores quanto à sede da criança cirúrgica

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Mariana Campos Campana

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: comprender cómo el cuidador experimenta el ayuno del niño quirúrgico y percibe su sed en el perioperatorio. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, cualitativo, con 15 cuidadores de niños entre 1 y 12 años en postoperatoria en un hospital universitario. Para el análisis, se utilizó el método del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Resultados: surgieron cuatro unidades temáticas: Niño quirúrgico delante del ayuno y de la sed; Percibiendo la sed en el niño quirúrgico; Experimentar y enfrentarse el ayuno y sed con el niño; Percibiéndose la acción del equipo delante de la sed del niño. Para la familia, la experiencia del ayuno está llena de sentimientos, como impotencia y angustia. La presencia de la sed, detectada por auto-informe y signos físicos, exacerba ese sufrimiento. Conclusión: el manejo de la sed aliviaría el sufrimiento del niño y familias. Por lo tanto, es necesario desarrollar estrategias de manejo de la sed en niño.

Peer tutors as learning and teaching partners: a cumulative ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... paper explores the kinds of development in tutors' thinking and action that are possible when training and development is theoretically informed, coherent, and oriented towards improving practice. Keywords: academic development, academic literacies, cumulative learning, higher education, peer tutoring, writing centres.

Determining Difficulty of Questions in Intelligent Tutoring Systems

Science.gov (United States)

Gunel, Korhan; Asliyan, Rifat

2009-01-01

The object of this study is to model the level of a question difficulty by a differential equation at a pre-specified domain knowledge, to be used in an educational support system. For this purpose, we have developed an intelligent tutoring system for mathematics education. Intelligent Tutoring Systems are computer systems designed for improvement…

Tutor Trust Secondary: Evaluation Report and Executive Summary

Science.gov (United States)

Buchanan, Emily; Morrison, Jo; Walker, Matthew; Aston, Helen; Cook, Rose

2015-01-01

The Tutor Trust is a Manchester-based charity that aims to provide affordable small group and one-to-one tuition, predominantly to disadvantaged pupils in schools in challenging communities. The tutors are university students and recent graduates, enabling tuition to be provided at a competitive rate on a not-for-profit basis. This three-year…

Tutoring in higher education in Portugal and Spain : lessons learned from six initiatives in place

OpenAIRE

Flores, Maria Assunção; Simão, Ana Margarida Veiga; Carrasco, Vicente

2012-01-01

Tutoring has been one of the issues which have received growing interest within the context of restructuring process in higher education under the so-called Bologna process in Europe. In this paper six tutoring initiatives currently being implemented in Portuguese and Spanish universities are examined in the light of the framework within which tutoring operates in higher education contexts. The various kinds of tutoring — mentoring, curricular tutoring, academic tutoring and training-related ...

The Effect of Tutoring With Nonstandard Equations for Students With Mathematics Difficulty.

Science.gov (United States)

Powell, Sarah R; Driver, Melissa K; Julian, Tyler E

2015-01-01

Students often misinterpret the equal sign (=) as operational instead of relational. Research indicates misinterpretation of the equal sign occurs because students receive relatively little exposure to equations that promote relational understanding of the equal sign. No study, however, has examined effects of nonstandard equations on the equation solving and equal-sign understanding of students with mathematics difficulty (MD). In the present study, second-grade students with MD (n = 51) were randomly assigned to standard equations tutoring, combined tutoring (standard and nonstandard equations), and no-tutoring control. Combined tutoring students demonstrated greater gains on equation-solving assessments and equal-sign tasks compared to the other two conditions. Standard tutoring students demonstrated improved skill on equation solving over control students, but combined tutoring students' performance gains were significantly larger. Results indicate that exposure to and practice with nonstandard equations positively influence student understanding of the equal sign. © Hammill Institute on Disabilities 2013.

Impacto em cuidadores de idosos com demência atendidos em um serviço psicogeriátrico Impact on caregivers of elderly patients with dementia treated at a psychogeriatric service

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Regiane Garrido

2004-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: O número de idosos com demência no Brasil está crescendo rapidamente, e há carência de dados empíricos sobre o impacto em cuidadores informais. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o impacto sobre cuidadores informais de pacientes com síndrome demencial. MÉTODOS: Estudo de corte transversal foi conduzido em um serviço psicogeriátrico da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Entrevistas estruturadas e semi-estruturadas foram aplicadas em 49 idosos com demência e em seus cuidadores informais. O impacto em cuidadores foi avaliado com a Zarit Burden Interview. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes eram em sua maioria do sexo feminino, apresentavam escore médio no mini exame do estado mental de 12,2 e alta freqüência de transtornos de comportamento. Os cuidadores eram predominantemente mulheres, filhas ou esposas, e co-residiam com seus pacientes. A média de impacto foi de 32,4 (dp: 16,7. As variáveis estatisticamente associadas a níveis de impacto foram o grau de parentesco do cuidador com o paciente (p=0,011, sintomas psiquiátricos do cuidador (pOBJECTIVE: There is an increasingly number of demented elderly in Brazil but empirical data on the resulting impact on their informal caregivers is still poorly documented. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact on informal caregivers of elderly with dementia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a psychogeriatric unit in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Structured and semi-structured interviews were administered to 49 elderly patients with dementia and their caregivers. The impact on the caregiver was measured using the Zarit Burden Interview. RESULTS: Most patients were females, had an average score of 12.2 in the Mini Mental State Examination and high incidence of disruptive behavior. Caregivers were predominantly females, generally wives or daughters who lived with their patients. The mean impact score was 32.4 (SD 16.7. Variables statistically associated with the level of

The European Nuclear Safety Training and Tutoring Institute

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2012-01-01

The European Nuclear Safety Training and Tutoring Institute, ENSTTI, is an initiative of European Technical Safety Organizations (TSO) in order to provide vocational training and tutoring in the methods and practices required to perform assessment in nuclear safety, nuclear security and radiation protection. ENSTTI calls on TSOs' expertise to maximize the transmission of safety and security knowledge, practical experience and culture. Training, tutoring and courses for specialists are achieved through practical lectures, working group and technical visits and lead to a certificate after knowledge testing. ENSTTI contributes to the harmonization of nuclear safety and security practices and to the networking of today and future nuclear safety experts in Europe and beyond. (A.C.)

Development and Validation of the Motivation for Tutoring Questionnaire in Problem-Based Learning Programs

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Salah Eldin Kassab

2017-06-01

Discussion: Analyzing the tutors’ scores of their motivation for PBL tutoring yielded three significantly correlated constructs representing tutoring self-efficacy, tutoring interest and tutoring value. The findings demonstrated high internal consistency reliability of the questionnaire, strong correlation between the three constructs as well as correlations between the constructs and the self-rated tutoring skills scores. Taken together, the current study demonstrates that the newly developed instrument measuring motivation for PBL tutoring exhibits good psychometric properties. The findings in this paper pave the way for further studies for refining the measurement of this construct in different problem-based contexts.

Corruption Risks of Private Tutoring: Case of Georgia

Science.gov (United States)

Kobakhidze, Magda Nutsa

2014-01-01

The paper focuses on teacher-supplied private tutoring in the context of post-Soviet Georgia, and elucidates the ways in which teacher-supplied private tutoring can be related to educational corruption. The paper draws on data from in-depth interviews of 18 school teachers in different parts of Georgia in 2013. The findings of the qualitative…

Stepwise Advice Negotiation in Writing Center Peer Tutoring

Science.gov (United States)

Park, Innhwa

2014-01-01

While the delivery and reception of advice is a practice integral to a wide range of settings, little attention has been given to the detailed practices of advice resistance and how it leads to advice negotiation. Based on 7 hours of videotaped tutoring interactions among 6 tutors and 11 tutees, this conversation analytic study examines the…

Nivel de depresión experimentada por una muestra de cuidadores informales de pacientes con demencia tipo Alzheimer

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Ara Mercedes Cerquera Córdoba

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Estudio transversal descriptivo, tipo cuantitativo, cuyo objetivo fue identificar el nivel de depresión en una muestra de cuidadores informales de pacientes con Alzheimer, compuesta por 52 sujetos. Se tuvo en cuenta los siguientes criterios de inclusión: ser cuidador informal principal, tener mínimo 3 meses cuidando al enfermo, no recibir ningún tipo de remuneración económica y cuidar pacientes no institucionalizados. Se aplicó el Inventario de Depresión Estado/ Rasgo (IDER. Los resultados arrojados indican en la escala total de estado 46,2% y en la subescala de eutimia estado 51,9%, lo cual evidencia una alta presencia de depresión. En la escala total de rasgo se encuentra un total de ausencia de 76,9% y en la subescala de distimia rasgo una ausencia de 88,5%, lo cual indica que no hay relevancia en cuanto el nivel de depresión como rasgo.

The demand for private tutoring in Turkey: unintended consequences of curriculum reform

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Altinyelken, H.K.; Bray, M.; Mazawi, A.E.; Sultana, R.G.

2013-01-01

This chapter focuses on the private tutoring phenomenon in Turkey. It seeks to analyse the impact of the revision of primary school curriculum on the demand for private tutoring. It also outlines various academic, economic and social implications of private tutoring. Based on interviews with school

Rose garden promises of intelligent tutoring systems: Blossom or thorn

Science.gov (United States)

Shute, Valerie J.

1991-01-01

Intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) have been in existence for over a decade. However, few controlled evaluation studies have been conducted comparing the effectiveness of these systems to more traditional instruction methods. Two main promises of ITSs are examined: (1) Engender more effective and efficient learning in relation to traditional formats; and (2) Reduce the range of learning outcome measures where a majority of individuals are elevated to high performance levels. Bloom (1984) has referred to these as the two sigma problem; to achieve two standard deviation improvements with tutoring over traditional instruction methods. Four ITSs are discussed in relation to the two promises. These tutors have undergone systematic, controlled evaluations: (1) The LISP tutor (Anderson Farrell and Sauers, 1984); (2) Smithtown (Shute and Glaser, in press); (3) Sherlock (Lesgold, Lajoie, Bunzo and Eggan, 1990); and (4) The Pascal ITS (Bonar, Cunningham, Beatty and Well, 1988). Results show that these four tutors do accelerate learning with no degradation in final outcome. Suggestions for improvements to the design and evaluation of ITSs are discussed.

Enseñar a quien cuida el arte de cuidar: Un programa educativo con cuidadores de pacientes politraumatizados Ensinar a quem cuida a arte de cuidar: um programa educativo com cuidadores de pacientes politraumatizados Teaching the caregiver the art of caring: an educational care program with multiple trauma patient caregivers

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Yésica Yolanda Rangel Flores

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de un programa de intervención educativa, enmarcado en la teoría del déficit de autocuidado, dirigido a cuidadores de pacientes politraumatizados en un hospital de San Luis Potosí, México. Metodología: estudio de intervención, longitudinal, comparativo; se hizo muestreo probabilístico de tipo sistemático con asignación aleatoria de la intervención. Las variables de estudio fueron: el nivel de conocimiento de los cuidadores y la evolución del politraumatizado. A los cuidadores del grupo de estudio se les aplicó un programa de intervención educativa a lo largo de cinco sesiones, y el grupo control recibió la educación convencional que ofrece el personal de salud durante el periodo de internamiento de su paciente politraumatizado. A ambos grupos se les realizaron mediciones de nivel de conocimiento antes y después de la intervención, así como una valoración completa de enfermería pre y post intervención, con el fin de identificar la aparición de complicaciones características del síndrome de desuso. Los datos se analizaron utilizando medidas de estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: hay evidencia estadística de la efectividad del programa educativo, ya que no sólo mejoró el nivel de conocimientos de los cuidadores sino que los pacientes politraumatizados del grupo de estudio presentaron menor incidencia de complicaciones secundarias a la inmovilidad prolongada. Conclusión: El programa de intervención resultó efectivo, al favorecer tanto el nivel de conocimiento de los cuidadores como la evolución y prevención de complicaciones en el paciente politraumatizado.Objetivo: avaliar a efetividade de um programa de intervenção educativa, emoldurado na teoria do déficit de auto-cuidado, dirigido a cuidadores de pacientes poli-traumatizados num hospital de San Luis Potosí, México. Metodologia: estudo de intervenção, longitudinal, comparativo; fez-se amostragem probabil

Tutoring electronic troubleshooting in a simulated maintenance work environment

Science.gov (United States)

Gott, Sherrie P.

1987-01-01

A series of intelligent tutoring systems, or intelligent maintenance simulators, is being developed based on expert and novice problem solving data. A graded series of authentic troubleshooting problems provides the curriculum, and adaptive instructional treatments foster active learning in trainees who engage in extensive fault isolation practice and thus in conditionalizing what they know. A proof of concept training study involving human tutoring was conducted as a precursor to the computer tutors to assess this integrated, problem based approach to task analysis and instruction. Statistically significant improvements in apprentice technicians' troubleshooting efficiency were achieved after approximately six hours of training.

Duelo y muerte en cuidadores familiares y profesionales de enfermos de Alzheimer Mourning and death in informal and professional caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients

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Enrique Pérez-Godoy Díaz

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Como en cualquier proceso crónico y degenerativo abocado a la muerte, la enfermedad de Alzheimer y las demencias provocan en sus cuidadores familiares y profesionales diversos sentimientos, procesos y duelos tanto ante la muerte real como la muerte psíquica. Utilizando una metodología cualitativa analizamos diversos casos de cuidadores de enfermos de Alzheimer institucionalizados en un centro sociosanitario de donde concluimos que no sólo la muerte real puede provocar un duelo en los cuidadores sino también la pérdida inexorable de capacidades, y en último término su muerte psíquica. Esta muerte afecta también a cuidadores profesionales posiblemente porque les muestra su propia vulnerabilidad como seres humanos, recordándoles su propia muerte y lo que podría percibirse como más cruel: la posibilidad de una muerte en vida.Alzheimer's disease and other dementias can cause in caregivers diverse feelings, processes and mournings, which are lived in different ways. This occurs both in psychological and actual death. By using a methodology of a qualitative research, we look through some different cases of caregivers whose relatives are living in an institution. We conclude that not only the actual death can cause a sense of mourning in caregivers of dementia patients, but also the inexorable loss of capacities and eventually their "psychological" death. This death also possibly affects the professional caregivers because it shows them their vulnerability as human beings. This type of death makes them to think about the possibility of a death in life.

Intelligent tutoring system for clinical reasoning skill acquisition in dental students.

Science.gov (United States)

Suebnukarn, Siriwan

2009-10-01

Learning clinical reasoning is an important core activity of the modern dental curriculum. This article describes an intelligent tutoring system (ITS) for clinical reasoning skill acquisition. The system is designed to provide an experience that emulates that of live human-tutored problem-based learning (PBL) sessions as much as possible, while at the same time permitting the students to participate collaboratively from disparate locations. The system uses Bayesian networks to model individual student knowledge and activity, as well as that of the group. Tutoring algorithms use the models to generate tutoring hints. The system incorporates a multimodal interface that integrates text and graphics so as to provide a rich communication channel between the students and the system, as well as among students in the group. Comparison of learning outcomes shows that student clinical reasoning gains from the ITS are similar to those obtained from human-tutored sessions.

Can tutoring improve performance on a reasoning task under deadline conditions?

Science.gov (United States)

Osman, Magda

2007-03-01

The present study examined the effectiveness of a tutoring technique that has been used to identify and address participants' misunderstandings in Wason's selection task. In particular, the study investigated whether the technique would lead to improvements in performance when the task was presented in a deadline format (a condition in which time restrictions are imposed). In Experiment 1, the effects of tutoring on performance were compared in free time (conditions in which no time restrictions are imposed) and deadline task formats. In Experiment 2, improvements in performance were studied in deadline task formats, in which the tutoring and test phases were separated by an interval of 1 day. The results suggested that tutoring improved performance on the selection task under deadline and in free time conditions. Additionally, the study showed that participants made errors because they had misinterpreted the task. With tutoring, they were able to modify their initial misunderstandings.

Identifying and Describing Tutor Archetypes: The Pragmatist, the Architect, and the Surveyor

Science.gov (United States)

Harootunian, Jeff A.; Quinn, Robert J.

2008-01-01

In this article, the authors identify and anecdotally describe three tutor archetypes: the pragmatist, the architect, and the surveyor. These descriptions, based on observations of remedial mathematics tutors at a land-grant university, shed light on a variety of philosophical beliefs regarding and pedagogical approaches to tutoring. An analysis…

What a Difference a Label Makes: Positioning and Response in an Afterschool Tutoring Program

Science.gov (United States)

McCloskey, Erin; Cann, Colette N.

2013-01-01

In this qualitative case study, we used the framework of positioning to show how college-age tutors and their middle school tutees interact in an afterschool tutoring setting with regard to ability. The authors show how educational tracking and understandings of disability permeated tutoring spaces and influence tutors' instructional decisions.…

Electronic Algebra and Calculus Tutor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Larissa Fradkin

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Modern undergraduates join science and engineering courses with poorer mathematical background than most contemporaries of the current faculty had when they were freshers. The problem is very acute in the United Kingdom but more and more countries adopt less resource intensive models of teaching and the problem spreads. University tutors and lecturers spend more and more time covering the basics. However, most of them still rely on traditional methods of delivery which presuppose that learners have a good memory and considerable time to practice, so that they can memorize disjointed facts and discover for themselves various connections between the underlying concepts. These suppositions are particularly unrealistic when dealing with a large number of undergraduates who are ordinary learners with limited mathematics background. The first author has developed a teaching system that allows such adult learners achieve relatively deep learning of mathematics – and remarkably quickly – through a teacher-guided (often called Socratic dialog, which aims at the frequent reinforcement of basic mathematical abstractions through Eulerian sequencing. These ideas have been applied to create a prototype of a Cognitive Mathematics Tutoring System aimed at teaching basic mathematics to University freshers., an electronic Personal Algebra and Calculus Tutor (e- PACT.

Online tutoring procedure for research project supervision: management, organization and key elements

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antònia Darder Mesquida

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Research project tutoring appears as a crucial element for teaching; it is a planned action based on the relationship between a tutor and a student. This paper presents the findings of a design and development research which has as its main aim to create an organization system for the tutoring of online research projects. That system seeks to facilitate the tutoring and supervision task with trainee researchers, providing guidance for its management and instruments for its implementation. The main conclusions arising from this research derive from considering the need to offer a solution to the problem of distance research project supervision and has materialized in organization and sequencing through a model about the variables that influence the research project tutoring problem.

Affective feedback in a tutoring system for procedural tasks

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Heylen, Dirk K.J.; André, E.; Vissers, M.; Dybkjaer, L.; Minker, W.; op den Akker, Hendrikus J.A.; Heisterkamp, P.; Nijholt, Antinus

2004-01-01

We discuss the affective aspects of tutoring dialogues in an ITS -called INES- that helps students to practice nursing tasks using a haptic device and a virtual environment. Special attention is paid to affective control in the tutoring process by means of selecting the appropriate feedback, taking

Student Modeling in an Intelligent Tutoring System

Science.gov (United States)

1996-12-17

Multi-Agent Architecture." Advances in Artificial Intelligence : Proceedings of the 12 th Brazilian Symposium on Aritificial Intelligence , edited by...STUDENT MODELING IN AN INTELLIGENT TUTORING SYSTEM THESIS Jeremy E. Thompson Captain, USAF AFIT/GCS/ENG/96D-27 DIMTVMON* fCKAJWINT A Appr"v*d t=i...Air Force Base, Ohio AFIT/GCS/ENG/96D-27 STUDENT MODELING IN AN INTELLIGENT TUTORING SYSTEM THESIS Jeremy E. Thompson Captain, USAF AFIT/GCS/ENG/96D

An Intelligent Tutoring System for Nondestructive Testing Training

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, J. K.; Koh, S. N. [Joong Ang Inspection Co., Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Kim, M. K.; Shim, Y. J. [Ajou University, Suwon (Korea, Republic of)

1998-02-15

This paper is written to introduce a multimedia tutoring system for nondestructive testing using personal computer. Nondestructive testing, one of the chief methods for inspecting welds and many other components, is very difficult for the NDT inspectors to understand its technical basis without a wide experience. And it is necessary for considerable repeated education and training for keeping their knowledge. The tutoring system that can simulate NDT works is suggested to solve the above problem based on reasonable condition. The tutoring system shows basic theories of nondestructive testing in a book-style with video images and hyper-links, and it offers practices, in which users can simulate the testing equipment. The book-style and simulation practices provide effective and individual environments for learning nondestructive testing

An Intelligent Tutoring System for Nondestructive Testing Training

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, J. K.; Koh, S. N.; Kim, M. K.; Shim, Y. J.

1998-01-01

This paper is written to introduce a multimedia tutoring system for nondestructive testing using personal computer. Nondestructive testing, one of the chief methods for inspecting welds and many other components, is very difficult for the NDT inspectors to understand its technical basis without a wide experience. And it is necessary for considerable repeated education and training for keeping their knowledge. The tutoring system that can simulate NDT works is suggested to solve the above problem based on reasonable condition. The tutoring system shows basic theories of nondestructive testing in a book-style with video images and hyper-links, and it offers practices, in which users can simulate the testing equipment. The book-style and simulation practices provide effective and individual environments for learning nondestructive testing

Peer tutoring program for academic success of returning nursing students.

Science.gov (United States)

Bryer, Jennifer

2012-01-01

High attrition rates among students in associate degree nursing programs are a concern for faculty, administrators, and students. Programs offering academic and emotional support for students at risk for failing a clinical course may decrease attrition rates and improve academic performance. A peer tutoring program was developed for returning nursing students who were unsuccessful in a previous clinical course. Peer tutors met with returning students weekly to review course work, complete case studies and practice NCLEX questions. Trusting, supportive relationships developed among students and a significant increase in grades was noted at the end of the course for 79% of students. Implementation of peer tutoring was beneficial for returning students, tutors, and the nursing program and may be valuable in other courses where academic achievement is a concern.

Influencia de la personalidad del cuidador/a, en los adolescentes que ejercen bullying, realizado en el nivel básico del Colegio Fiscal Mixto Central “La Inmaculada”

OpenAIRE

Cabrera Vélez, Marcela

2014-01-01

El bullying por sus características, es fundamental prevenirlo, siendo un papel importante el cual desenvuelven los cuidadores dentro del ambiente familiar, ya que según estadísticas, el Ecuador se encuentra en segundo lugar de incidencias en Sudamérica, presentándose en la Ciudad de Cuenca en un 16% a nivel escolar. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal, analizar los rasgos de personalidad de los cuidadores de adolescentes que ejercen bullying pertenecientes al Colegio Central La...

Estudio descriptivo sobre el perfil de los cuidadores de personas con demencia: la feminización del cuidado

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Rocío Lago Urbano

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract The aim of this research is to understand the typical caregivers of persons suffering from Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementias in the city of Huelva. The sample was taken from caregivers of differing sex, age, social class, family and profession. A questionnaire was developed in order to collect the relevant data in order to establish a profile of the caregivers. The results show that the caregiver profile is characterized by female between 50 and 55 years old, married, who has been caring for the sickly for 6 or 7 years, sharing the same home with the ill person with a lack of relief from family rotation. These caregivers often have little time for leisure and have, at times, had to leave their working life to cope with care. Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en conocer el perfil de los cuidadores de los enfermos de Alzheimer y otras demencias en la ciudad de Huelva. La muestra fue conformada por cuidadores de enfermos de Alzheimer de diferente sexo, edad, y condiciones sociales, familiares y laborales. Para la recogida de datos se elaboró un cuestionario que proporcionó la información necesaria. Los resultados indican que el perfil del cuidador comprende en lo fundamental características como: ser mujer de entre 50 y 55 años, estar casada, estar cuidando al enfermo entre 6 o 7 años, compartir el mismo domicilio con la persona enferma y no gozar de rotación familiar. Estas cuidadoras suelen tener poco tiempo para el ocio y en ocasiones han abandonado su vida laboral para asumir los cuidados.

Cuidando a cuidadores familiares de niños en situación de discapacidad

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Amparo Montalvo-Prieto

2008-01-01

Conclusiones: el análisis estadístico reveló que el programa Cuidando a los Cuidadores no afectó la habilidad de cuidado de los participantes del estudio. Los participantes mostraron desde el inicio una alta habilidad de cuidado, la mayoría cuida desde el momento del diagnóstico. El valor fue la dimensión donde se obtuvo la más baja puntuación al iniciar y finalizar el programa.

Interactive Tutoring in Blended Studies: Hindrances and Solutions

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Asim Ismail Ilyas (Al-Titinchy

2016-01-01

Full Text Available This paper distinguishes between traditional teaching known as lecturing (the teacher centered approach; and tutoring (the contemporary technology-oriented interactive teaching/learning approach. It is based on the implementation of tutoring strategies of ‘blended studies’  at the Arab Open University. It investigates the application of modern interactive teaching/learning strategies, specifying some hindering factors in the AOU-Jordan Branch context. The factors include four variables: tutors, students, course material and assessment. The paper is based on qualitative research in terms of a real teaching/leaning context, using both observation and conversation with learners, besides the use of some quantitative data retrieved from a questionnaire in which learners’ views are sought regarding a number of relevant matters. A number of suggested solutions related to each of the hindering factors are presented, which if applied, may secure shifting the balance of the teaching/learning process to a more interactive technology-based tutoring level, which in turn will enhance learners’ opportunities for the attainment of better academic standards, and secure a higher degree of achievement of the shared educational goals of learners and the educational institution they study in.

Pressure Ulcers in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: Knowledge of Relatives and Caregivers Úlceras por presión en personas con lesión medular: conocimiento de familiares y cuidadores Úlceras por pressão em pessoas com lesão medular: conhecimento de familiares e cuidadores

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DI CIERO MIRANDA MAIRA

2010-10-01

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Purpose: To assess knowledge of risk factors and prevention of pressure ulcers from the perspective of relatives and caregivers of patients with spinal cord injury at home.

Method: cross-sectional, descriptive, quantitative study. The sample was made up by 50 people. Data were collected through a questionnaire in August and December 2008. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Windows, version 13.0.

Results: We found that family caregivers have correct knowledge about its role in the prevention, 80% of cases and higher risk patients are bedridden, paraplegic and elderly (74%; patients and relatives should be counseled about the risk factors of pressure ulcers (100%; keeping the skin dry and clean prevents the onset of UP (64%. With regard to cognitive errors, these are related to the periodicity in assessing the integrity of the skin (84% and the use of sheets in the transfer and mobilization of the patient (80%.

Discussion: The high success rate on risk factors shows that families and caregivers have good knowledge: they are prepared to care, meanwhile, the high incidence of errors on pressure ulcers prevention measures shows that relatives and caregivers lack of adequate knowledge of such measures.

Conclusions: Research shows that assessing the knowledge of relatives and caregivers is of the essence to implement corrective actions to suit them to take care of people with spinal cord injury.

Objetivo: evaluar el conocimiento sobre los factores de riesgo y prevención de úlceras por presión, desde la perspectiva de los familiares y cuidadores de personas con lesión medular en el domicilio.

Método: estudio descriptivo transversal, cuantitativo. La muestra fue de 50 personas. Los datos se recogieron por medio de un cuestionario en los meses de agosto a diciembre de 2008. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa SPSS

Estimating the Impact of Private Tutoring on Academic Performance: Primary Students in Sri Lanka

Science.gov (United States)

Cole, Rachel

2017-01-01

Worldwide private tutoring is documented extensively, but its impact is unclear. I estimate the impact of tutoring on performance to assess the degree to which tutoring is a vehicle of educational stratification in Sri Lanka. I find that on average, five months of tutoring has no impact on Year 5 students' exam scores. I produce suggestive…

Competencia para cuidar en el hogar de personas con enfermedad crónica y sus cuidadores en Colombia

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Gloria Mabel Carrillo González

2015-10-01

Conclusión. Los indicadores de cuidado continuo deben tener en cuenta la diada receptor-cuidador familiar y abordar el talento humano, las instituciones y al mismo sistema general de seguridad social en salud para modificar una realidad que, de no ser atendida, resultará agobiante para el país.

What Do Distance Language Tutors Say about Teacher Motivation?

Science.gov (United States)

Xiao, Junhong

2014-01-01

Research into motivation in education mainly centres on students' learning motivation. This article reports on an interview study of teacher motivation with the aim of investigating the effects of student-related factors and tutors' personal factors on the motivation of language tutors in the distance learning context. Findings from the study…

Household Expenditures on Private Tutoring: Emerging Evidence from Malaysia

Science.gov (United States)

Kenayathulla, Husaina Banu

2013-01-01

Private tutoring has been a burgeoning phenomenon in Malaysia for decades. This study examines the determinants of private tutoring expenditures in Malaysia using the 2004/2005 Household Expenditures Survey and applies hurdle regression models to the data. The results indicate that total household expenditures, household head's level of education,…

After-School Tutoring and the Distribution of Student Performance

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Min-Hsiung

2013-01-01

As more primary and secondary students worldwide seek after-school tutoring in academic subjects, concerns are being raised about whether after-school tutoring can raise average test scores without widening the variability in student performance, and whether students of certain ability levels may benefit more than others from after-school…

Online Tutoring Procedure for Research Project Supervision: Management, Organization and Key Elements

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Darder Mesquida, Antònia; Pérez Garcias, Adolfina

2015-01-01

Research project tutoring appears as a crucial element for teaching; it is a planned action based on the relationship between a tutor and a student. This paper presents the findings of a design and development research which has as its main aim to create an organization system for the tutoring of online research projects. That system seeks to…

Effects of tutor-related behaviours on the process of problem-based learning.

Science.gov (United States)

Chng, Esther; Yew, Elaine H J; Schmidt, Henk G

2011-10-01

Tutors in a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) curriculum are thought to play active roles in guiding students to develop frameworks for use in the construction of knowledge. This implies that both subject-matter expertise and the ability of tutors to facilitate the learning process must be important in helping students learn. This study examines the behavioural effects of tutors in terms of subject-matter expertise, social congruence and cognitive congruence on students' learning process and on their final achievement. The extent of students' learning at each PBL phase was estimated by tracking the number of relevant concepts recalled at the end of each learning phase, while student achievement was based on students' ability to describe and elaborate upon the relationship between relevant concepts learned. By using Analysis of Covariance, social congruence of the tutor was found to have a significant influence on learning in each PBL phase while all of the tutor-related behaviours had a significant impact on student achievement. The results suggest that the ability of tutors to communicate informally with students and hence create a less threatening learning environment that promotes a free flow exchange of ideas, has a greater impact on learning at each of the PBL phases as compared to tutors' subject-matter expertise and their ability to explain concepts in a way that is easily understood by students. The data presented indicates that these tutor-related behaviours are determinants of learning in a PBL curriculum, with social congruence having a greater influence on learning in the different PBL phases.

Peer Tutoring as a Remedial Measure for Slow Learners in a Medical School

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Ray (Arora Suranjana

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Background: A Slow Learner (SL is one who has the ability to learn necessary academic skills but at a rate and depth below average of the same age peers. Aims: To identify SL we have to judge them not just by their grade level, but by the fact that they master skills slowly, have difficulty following multistep directives, live in the present and do not have long term goals. The remedial measures for these SL were repetition, peer tutoring, enhancing their self-esteem and improve confidence. With correct monitoring, support and feedback from a teacher facilitator peer tutoring can provide deeper learning, reduce dropout, and improve social behavior. Objective: The aim was to identify SL and to peer tutor them. Material and Methods: In a group of 106 students in the first year of MBBS in a college in Mauritius 20 students were identified as SL, out of the other 86 students 2 to 3 students were selected as peer tutors. The sample size on which the questionnaire was used to determine slow learners were 106 out of which 20 were found to be slow learners. The peer tutors were selected among the 106 students. The facilitator trained the tutors. Conclusion: In our Institute we found an alarming 15-18% of SL. The SL responded positively to the peer tutoring and a significant number improved their academic performance. Peer tutoring has significant cognitive gains for both tutor and tutees. Peer tutoring improves selfconfidence, academic achievement, improves their attitude towards the subject matter and encourages greater persistence in completing tasks. Identifying SL has many pitfalls as we should confirm that they are not 'reluctant' or 'struggling' learners but SL.

Artrodese de coluna: avaliação da satisfação dos cuidadores de pacientes com síndrome de Rett Artrodesis de la columna: evaluación de la satisfacción de los cuidadores de pacientes con síndrome de Rett Arthrodesis spine: satisfaction evaluation of the caregivers of patients with Rett syndrome

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Cleverson Tadeu Sidoli

2010-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: avaliar o nível de satisfação dos cuidadores de pacientes com síndrome de Rett. MÉTODOS: foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo por meio dos prontuários de dez pacientes com Síndrome de Rett, nove femininos e um masculino. Foram obtidos os dados radiográficos e foi elaborado um questionário de 31 perguntas, respondidas pelos familiares dos pacientes. RESULTADOS: a redução média no ângulo pré-operatório e a medida no pós-imediato foi de 72,4%. Complicação pós-operatória ocorreu em apenas um caso, e 87,5% dos cuidadores afirmaram que houve melhora expressiva com relação ao efeito da cirurgia sobre os cuidados pessoais, na função e locomoção; o tempo de permanência na cadeira de rodas aumentou. Para 66,7% dos cuidadores, a frequência de internamentos por problemas médicos e a frequência de pneumonia diminuíram com a cirurgia. Também fizeram uma avaliação positiva sobre a estética da deformidade da coluna. A grande maioria dos cuidadores (85,7% submeteria novamente seus filhos à cirurgia e recomendariam para outra criança com o mesmo problema. CONCLUSÃO: houve redução significativa na média do ângulo de Cobb entre o pré e pós-operatório e melhoria em todos os aspectos do paciente. Os cuidadores manifestaram que submeteriam seus filhos ao procedimento cirúrgico novamente.OBJETIVO: evaluar el nivel de satisfacción de los cuidadores de pacientes con síndrome de Rett. MÉTODOS: fue realizado un estudio retrospectivo por medio de las historias clínicas de 10 pacientes con síndrome de Rett, nueve mujeres y un hombre. Fueron obtenidos datos radiográficos y se elaboró un cuestionario de 31 preguntas a los familiares de los pacientes. RESULTADOS: la reducción promedio en el ángulo preoperatorio y el promedio en el postoperatorio fue del 72,4%. La complicación postoperatoria ocurrió en solo un caso y el 87,5% de los cuidadores afirmaron que hubo mejoría expresiva con relación al efecto de la

Peer Tutoring: An Evaluation of the Relative Cognitive Benefits.

Science.gov (United States)

McKellar, Nancy A.

The relative effectiveness of tutoring for both partners was examined by comparing tutoring with other learning activities that differed either in the amount of exposure to the learning materials or the presence of a helping relationship or both. The subjects were 160 undergraduates who were evaluated on their acquisition of Esperanto. Subjects…

The Effectiveness of Private Tutoring: Students' Perceptions in Comparison with Mainstream Schooling in Hong Kong

Science.gov (United States)

Zhan, Shengli; Bray, Mark; Wang, Dan; Lykins, Chad; Kwo, Ora

2013-01-01

This paper examines Hong Kong students' perceptions on the effectiveness of private supplementary tutoring relative to mainstream schooling. Drawing on survey and interview data, it shows that large proportions of secondary school students receive private tutoring. Students generally perceive private tutoring and private tutors to be more…

Cuidadores de crianças com câncer: aspectos da vida afetados pela atividade de cuidador Cuidantes de niños con cáncer: aspectos de la vida afectados por la actividad de cuidar Caregivers of children with cancer: aspects of life affectcet by the caregiver role

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Ana Raquel Medeiros Beck

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Pretendeu-se, neste estudo, descrever como as atividades relacionadas ao cuidar afetam a vida de cuidadores de crianças com câncer, o grau de dependência da criança para desempenhar as atividades de vida diária (AVD, o grau de ajuda recebida de outros e o quanto alguns aspectos da vida do cuidador são afetados pela atividade de cuidar. O estudo foi descritivo, comparativo e transversal. Foram entrevistados 50 cuidadores de crianças entre três e dez anos num hospital infantil, referência no tratamento de doenças onco-hematológicas, em Campinas, SP. As atividades relacionadas ao cuidar ocasionaram sérios prejuízos na vida dos cuidadores. Portanto, avaliar estes aspectos pode auxiliar o enfermeiro a evidenciar, amenizar e planejar a assistência aos cuidadores de crianças com câncer.Se pretendió en este estudio describir de que forma las actividades relacionadas al cuidar afectan la vida de los cuidantes de niños con cáncer, el grado de dependencia del niño para desempeñar las actividades de la vida diaria (AVD, el grado de ayuda recibida de otros, y en que medida algunos aspectos da la vida del cuidante eran afectados por la actividad de cuidar. El estudio fué descriptivo, comparativo y transversal. Fueron entrevistados 50 cuidantes de niños entre 3 y 10 años en un hospital infantil modelo en el tratamiento de dolencias onco-hematológicas, en Campinas, SP. Las actividades relacionadas al cuidar ocasionaron serios daños en la vida de los cuidantes. Por lo tanto, evaluar estos aspectos puede auxiliar al enfermero a identificar, amenizar y planear la asistencia a los cuidantes de niños con cáncer.This study aimed at demonstrating that the caregiving role affected the lives of caregivers of children with cancer, the child's degree of dependence regarding the performance of daily life activities (DLA, the degree of help offered by others and the degree to which some aspects of the caregiver's life were affected by caregiving

La participación en el mercado laboral de los cuidadores informales de personas mayores en España

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Pablo Moya-Martínez

2016-03-01

Full Text Available El mundo está experimentando un proceso de envejecimiento que provoca un incremento de la tasa de dependencia de la población. Sin los ajustes necesarios, los actuales sistemas sociales y de salud no serán sostenibles. Uno de los focos de actuación en este problema son los cuidadores informales y su participación en el mercado de trabajo. En esta investigación se determina cómo influye la intensidad de la dedicación a labores de cuidado informal en la participación en el mercado de trabajo, y se obtienen las siguientes conclusiones: el cuidado informal intensivo reduce la probabilidad de trabajar entre un 10 y un 12%; son necesarios nuevos planes de ayuda al empleo y de conciliación de la vida familiar y laboral, principalmente para cuidadores informales con dedicación intensiva a sus familiares o amigos dependientes

Language Analysis and Generation in Algebra Tutorial Dialogues for Language-Based Intelligent Tutoring Systems

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Kim, Jung

2004-01-01

The North Carolina A&T State University algebra tutoring dialogue project collects and analyzes algebra tutoring dialogues with the aim of describing tutoring strategies and language with enough rigor that they may...

ElectronixTutor: An Intelligent Tutoring System with Multiple Learning Resources for Electronics

Science.gov (United States)

Graesser, Arthur C.; Hu, Xiangen; Nye, Benjamin D.; VanLehn, Kurt; Kumar, Rohit; Heffernan, Cristina; Heffernan, Neil; Woolf, Beverly; Olney, Andrew M.; Rus, Vasile; Andrasik, Frank; Pavlik, Philip; Cai, Zhiqiang; Wetzel, Jon; Morgan, Brent; Hampton, Andrew J.; Lippert, Anne M.; Wang, Lijia; Cheng, Qinyu; Vinson, Joseph E.; Kelly, Craig N.; McGlown, Cadarrius; Majmudar, Charvi A.; Morshed, Bashir; Baer, Whitney

2018-01-01

Background: The Office of Naval Research (ONR) organized a STEM Challenge initiative to explore how intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) can be developed in a reasonable amount of time to help students learn STEM topics. This competitive initiative sponsored four teams that separately developed systems that covered topics in mathematics,…

Cómo elaborar Guías de Recomendaciones de Autocuidado para Pacientes y Cuidadores (GRAPyC

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Sandra Milena Hernández Zambrano

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Obtener una estructura estandarizada para la elaboración y publicación de Guías de Recomendaciones de Autocuidado para Pacientes y Cuidadores siguiendo la metodología de la Investigación Acción Participativa. Metodología: La guía se elabora a partir de tres etapas: Emergencia, Interacción y Modelización. En la emergencia, se identifica y analiza el problema principal que afecta a la población diana, se conforma el equipo elaborador, y se realiza una búsqueda de literatura científica que dé respuesta al problema. En la interacción, se establece un diálogo de saberes entre profesionales y ciudadanos para analizar y seleccionar aquellas recomendaciones que se consideran prioritarias para la población diana; se adaptan al nivel de comprensión y entorno cultural de pacientes o cuidadores y se implementan con el objetivo de evaluar su efectividad. Finalmente, en la modelización, se elabora el documento final, considerando tres elementos: diseño de la guía, contenidos y estructura. Estructura de la guía de recomendaciones: El formato establecido consta de 7 apartados: presentación del documento, información general del problema objeto de la guía, recomendaciones por temáticas, recursos web para pacientes y cuidadores, autores e instituciones que participaron en la elaboración y bibliografía. Utilidad esperada: La información contenida en estas guías se ajustada al lenguaje de los ciudadanos, es rigurosa pero fácil de comprender y favorece la toma de decisiones a partir de las mejores evidencias disponibles. Para las enfermeras clínicas se convierte en un instrumento novedoso orientado al diseño de materiales educativos basados en la evidencia científica.

Peer Tutoring Effects on Omani Students' English Self-Concept

Science.gov (United States)

Alrajhi, Marwa N.; Aldhafri, Said S.

2015-01-01

Based on the social cognitive learning theory (1997), peer learning can be viewed as an effective way of enhancing learning. In this study, peer tutoring, a form of peer learning, was examined. The current study investigated the influence of a peer tutoring program implemented at Sultan Qaboos University on students' English self-concept. 125…

Calidad de vida del cuidador familiar y dependencia del paciente con Alzheimer Family caretaker quality of life and dependence of the patient with Alzheimer disease Qualidade de vida do cuidador familiar e dependência do paciente com Alzheimer

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PINTO AFANADOR NATIVIDAD

2010-04-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del estudio fue establecer la relación entre la calidad de vida del cuidador familiar y el grado de dependencia del paciente con Alzheimer. Es un estudio descriptivo correlacional, de corte transversal, con abordaje cuantitativo. Participaron 192 cuidadores familiares de pacientes con Alzheimer pertenecientes al programa Cuidado a Cuidadores® de la Facultad de Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, la Fundación Acción Familiar Alzheimer Colombia y la Asociación Colombiana de Alzheimer. Se aplicaron el instrumento “Calidad de vida versión familiar” de Betty Ferrell, quien define la calidad de vida desde las dimensiones física, psicológica, social y espiritual, y el Índice de Barthel (IB, que mide el grado de dependencia funcional del paciente. La calidad de vida general de los cuidadores obtuvo una puntuación media. El bienestar físico y espiritual presentó una tendencia positiva, mientras que el bienestar psicológico y social de este grupo poblacional mostró una tendencia negativa con riesgo de alteración a futuro. El grado de dependencia funcional del paciente con Alzheimer se encontró en dependencia total a severa, con mayor compromiso en actividades de aseo y arreglo personal. En el estudio no se encontró correlación estadística entre la calidad de vida y el grado de dependencia del paciente con Alzheimer.The purpose of the study was to establish the relation between the quality of life of the family caregiver and the level of dependence of the patient with Alzheimer. It is a co-relational descriptive, cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach having participation of 192 family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer; they are part of the Cuidado a Cuidadores® (Care for Caregivers program of the Nursing Faculty of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, the Fundación Acción Familiar Alzheimer Colombia (Alzheimer Colombia Family Action Foundation and the Asociación Nacional de Alzheimer

El tutor como amigo y guía del educando The tutor as a friend and guide of the student

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Reinaldo Lóriga Álvarez

2007-06-01

Full Text Available La universalización de la educación superior es un proceso continuo de transformaciones, iniciado con el triunfo de la Revolución en el año 1959, y dirigido a la ampliación de posibilidades y oportunidades de acceso a la universidad y de multiplicación y extensión de los conocimientos, con lo cual se contribuye a la formación de una mayor cultura general integral de la población y a un incremento sostenido de equidad y justicia social en nuestra sociedad, se realizó un estudio analítico cualitativo con el objetivo de conocer el trabajo del tutor en el proyecto policlínico universitario en San Luis año 2006/2007, utilizando como muestra el claustro profesoral y los estudiantes pertenecientes a la SUM, obteniendo como resultado que existen deficiencias en el modo de actuación del tutor en las áreas estudiadas que van desde los criterios de selección al no existir un modelo; la falta de conocimientos acerca de las funciones del tutor sumado a la falta de reconocimiento de su labor, lo que aparece reflejado en los estudiantes de pregrado y postrado.The universalization of High Medical Education is a continuing process of transformation that started with the triumph of the Revolution in 1959 aimed at extending the possibilities and opportunities of enrolment at universities as well as the spread of knowledge, favoring a high level of culture in the population and an increase of equity and social justice in our Society. An analytical qualitative study was carried out in order to know the role of the tutor at the University Out-patient Project in San Luis Municipality in 2006-2007, taking the teaching staff and the students enrolled at this University Venue as a sample. Some deficiencies were observed in the role of tutor on the areas studied : from the choice criteria due to the non-existence of a model to follow, lack of knowledge and recognition of the tutor's role, being these difficulties reflected on undergraduate and postgraduate

Effectiveness of Intelligent Tutoring Systems: A Meta-Analytic Review

Science.gov (United States)

Kulik, James A.; Fletcher, J. D.

2016-01-01

This review describes a meta-analysis of findings from 50 controlled evaluations of intelligent computer tutoring systems. The median effect of intelligent tutoring in the 50 evaluations was to raise test scores 0.66 standard deviations over conventional levels, or from the 50th to the 75th percentile. However, the amount of improvement found in…

Peer Tutoring and Gorgias: Acknowledging Aggression in the Writing Center.

Science.gov (United States)

Bokser, Julie A.

2001-01-01

Continues a discussion of critiquing peer tutoring groups by underscoring a typically unacknowledged component: the way in which an emphasis on "peerness" disguises the inherent aggression in tutoring relationships. Defines "peerness" as a complicated relation that involves power and aggression as well as equality. (SG)

Does private tutoring increase students' academic performance? Evidence from Turkey

Science.gov (United States)

Berberoğlu, Giray; Tansel, Aysit

2014-10-01

This paper investigates the effectiveness of private tutoring in Turkey. The authors introduce their study by providing some background information on the two major national examinations and three different kinds of tutoring. They then describe how they aimed to analyse whether attending private tutoring centres (PTCs) enhances Turkish students' academic performance. By way of multiple linear regression analysis, their study sought to evaluate whether the impact of private tutoring varies in different subject areas, taking into account several student-related characteristics such as family and academic backgrounds as well as interest in and perception of academic success. In terms of subject areas, the results indicate that while private tutoring does have a positive impact on academic performance in mathematics and Turkish language, this is not the case in natural sciences. However, as evidenced by the effect sizes, these impacts are rather small compared to the impacts of other variables such as interest in and perception of academic success, high school graduation fields of study, high school cumulative grade point average (CGPA), parental education and students' sociocultural background. While the authors point out that more research on the impact of further important variables needs to be done, their view is that school seems to be an important factor for determining students' academic performance.

A Case Study on Leadership Identity Development of Tutors in a Learning Center

Science.gov (United States)

Crandall, Samantha L.

2017-01-01

The effectiveness of a tutor training program is often only measured by student results rather than tutor outcomes (CRLA, 2016). Experiences in college, such as on-campus employment, greatly contribute to the development of students (Savoca, 2016). However, little research exists on the leadership development of tutors (NADE, 2016). Having a…

Reasons of tutoring Phenomena among Secondary Stage Students

OpenAIRE

Mustafa Ayroutt; Heba hammad

2011-01-01

Problem statement: The purpose of this study was to investigate the reasons of tutoring phenomena among secondary stage students in Amman City as perceived by School Principals. Approach: The sample of the study consisted of (117 male principals and 57 female principals). Results: The evaluations of principals regarding tutoring reasons were high, factors related to students came first, followed by the factors related to the family while the factors related to the cur...

The subjective experience of collaboration in interprofessional tutor teams: A qualitative study

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Weber, Tobias

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Aim: The Center for Interprofessional Training in Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Germany, has offered courses covering interprofessional material since the winter semester 2014/15. The unusual feature of these courses is that they are co-taught by peer tutors from medicine and nursing. This study investigates the subjective experiences of these tutors during the collaborative preparation and teaching of these tutorials with the aim of identifying the effects of equal participation in the perceptions and assessments of the other professional group.Method: Semi-structured, guideline-based interviews were held with six randomly selected tutors. The interviews were analyzed using structuring content analysis.Results: The results show that collaborative work led to reflection, mostly by the university student tutors, on the attitudes held. However, the co-tutors from each professional group were perceived to different degrees as being representative of those in their profession. Asked to master a shared assignment in a non-clinical context, the members of the different professional groups met on equal footing, even if the medical students had already gathered more teaching experience and thus mostly assumed a mentoring role over the course of working on and realizing the teaching units. The nursing tutors were primarily focused on their role as tutor. Both professional groups emphasized that prior to the collaboration they had an insufficient or no idea about the theoretical knowledge or practical skills of the other professional group. Overall, the project was rated as beneficial, and interprofessional education was endorsed.Conclusion: In the discussion, recommendations based on the insights are made for joint tutor training of both professional groups. According to these recommendations, harmonizing the teaching abilities of all tutors is essential to ensure equality during cooperation

Contribution of Equal-Sign Instruction beyond Word-Problem Tutoring for Third-Grade Students with Mathematics Difficulty.

Science.gov (United States)

Powell, Sarah R; Fuchs, Lynn S

2010-05-01

Elementary school students often misinterpret the equal sign (=) as an operational rather than a relational symbol. Such misunderstanding is problematic because solving equations with missing numbers may be important for higher-order mathematics skills including word problems. Research indicates equal-sign instruction can alter how typically-developing students use the equal sign, but no study has examined effects for students with mathematics difficulty (MD) or how equal-sign instruction contributes to word-problem skill for students with or without MD. The present study assessed the efficacy of equal-sign instruction within word-problem tutoring. Third-grade students with MD (n = 80) were assigned to word-problem tutoring, word-problem tutoring plus equal-sign instruction (combined) tutoring, or no-tutoring control. Combined tutoring produced better improvement on equal sign tasks and open equations compared to the other 2 conditions. On certain forms of word problems, combined tutoring but not word-problem tutoring alone produced better improvement than control. When compared at posttest to 3(rd)-grade students without MD on equal sign tasks and open equations, only combined tutoring students with MD performed comparably.

Teacher Perceptions of an Online Tutoring Program for Elementary Mathematics

Science.gov (United States)

Whetstone, Patti; Clark, Amy; Flake, Mari Wheeler

2014-01-01

This study explores elementary teacher perceptions related to the implementation of an online tutoring program. Teachers were surveyed regarding factors that affected use of the online tutoring program as a supplement to mathematics instruction. Results indicated that teachers overwhelmingly reported positive views of the training and support…

Enhancing Preservice Teachers' Skillsets and Professionalism through Literacy Tutoring Experiences

Science.gov (United States)

Paquette, Kelli R.; Laverick, DeAnna M.

2017-01-01

This qualitative study explores preservice teachers' experiences in a service-learning literacy tutoring program offered at a university with children in grades one through eight. This study examines briefly the history of literacy centers and service-learning, the specific instructional tutoring methods employed by preservice teachers connected…

A web-based adaptive tutor to teach PCR primer design

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Seters, Janneke R.; Wellink, Joan; Tramper, Johannes; Goedhart, Martin J.; Ossevoort, Miriam A.

2012-01-01

When students have varying prior knowledge, personalized instruction is desirable. One way to personalize instruction is by using adaptive e-learning to offer training of varying complexity. In this study, we developed a web-based adaptive tutor to teach PCR primer design: the PCR Tutor. We used

A Web-based Adaptive Tutor to Teach PCR Primer Design

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Seters, van J.R.; Wellink, J.; Tramper, J.; Goedhart, M.J.; Ossevoort, M.A.

2012-01-01

When students have varying prior knowledge, personalized instruction is desirable. One way to personalize instruction is by using adaptive e-learning to offer training of varying complexity. In this study, we developed a web-based adaptive tutor to teach PCR primer design: the PCR Tutor. We used

Cuidado e doença crônica: visão do cuidador familiar no Nordeste brasileiro Care and Chronic Illness: Family Caregiver's Viewpoint in Northeast Brazil

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Juliana Maria de Sousa Pinto

2012-02-01

Full Text Available O cuidado causa estresse na dinâmica cotidiana da família levando a complicações físicas, mentais e emocionais ao cuidador, perda da liberdade e/ou sobrecarga de cônjuges. Entre março e novembro de 2006, esta pesquisa antropológica examinou o cuidado familiar no contexto da Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC. Utilizando entrevista etnográfica, narrativa da enfermidade e observação participante objetivou-se descrever a reorganização e a convivência familiar com a evolução e a experiência com a DPOC, a percepção de cuidadores familiares sobre as dificuldades e as limitações vivenciadas junto ao doente e as estratégias de enfrentamento da enfermidade. Participaram do estudo seis cuidadores familiares de baixa renda residentes em bairros urbanos pobres da periferia de Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Da Análise de Conteúdo emergiram as categorias: "dividindo sofrimentos" e "atitudes e comportamentos percebidos e vivenciados pelos cuidadores". As narrativas profundas mostraram a afetação significativa entre os enfermos e seus cuidadores familiares. Apesar da pobreza, violência estrutural, desemprego, preconceito social e baixos salários endêmicos no nordeste brasileiro, os cuidadores descobrem maneiras efetivas de lidar com a cronicidade além de criar estratégias para amenizar o sofrimento causado pela doença.The provision of care causes stress in everyday family dynamics leading to physical, mental and emotional complications in caregivers and spouses' loss of liberty and/or overwork. Between March and November 2006, this anthropological research examined family caregiving in the context of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD. By means of ethnographic interviews, illness narratives and participant observation, the scope was to describe family reorganization and coexistence with the disease and its evolution, caregiver perceptions about patient difficulties and limitations experienced and strategies employed

Courses for tutors in problem-based learning. Current challenges at four Swedish universities

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Helen Susan Setterud

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The key role of the tutor in problem-based learning (PBL is to help students become selfregulated learners. Tutors need training to acquire the necessary facilitating skills for this task. The aim of this article is to describe and discuss how PBL tutor training is currently arranged at four universities in Sweden: Linköping University, Lund Medical Faculty, Uppsala Medical School and Örebro School of Medicine. Moreover, we seek to analyse how the content and format of the tutor training courses correspond to the desired skills and competencies for PBL tutors described in the literature. We draw especially on work coming out of three pioneering universities for PBL: McMaster University, Canada; Maastricht University, The Netherlands; and Linköping University, Sweden. One aim has been to construct a framework for analysis that uses categories specifying the knowledge base, capabilities and skills to support students’ learning processes which characterise the full-fledged PBL tutor. For this framework, we have used the following categories: Knowledge of PBL and pedagogical theories, Personal traits, Student-centeredness, Ability to handle group processes, and Subject knowledge. We collected descriptions of the course design and content from the four universities, and assessed to what extent these categories were represented within the courses. Our results show that all categories inform the course content at all four universities, though the design varies between courses. In summary, we show that the four PBL tutor training courses are all designed to enable participants to experience PBL first-hand both as members of a tutorial group and as tutors. They all also include a theoretical base and offer opportunities for discussion and reflection with peers; however, there are some differences in design between the courses. According to participants, all four courses provide good preparation for the tutor role. Yet, we see a need for the

Habilidades para el cuidado y depresión en cuidadores de pacientes con demencia

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José Hernando Ávila-Toscano

2010-01-01

de correlación de Pearson y un modelo de regresión lineal de pasos sucesivos. Se obtuvieron promedios elevados de conocimientos, paciencia y valor, lo cual indica un buen rendimiento de las habilidades para cuidar, mientras que la presencia de manifestaciones depresivas se halló en el 46.9% de la muestra. Finalmente, se establece que la depresión se asoció más a los cuidadores noveles con poca formación educativa y con buen nivel de conocimientos.

Cuidador familiar do idoso em cuidados paliativos: o processo de morrer no domicílio Family caregiver of elderly patients in palliative care: the process of dying at home

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Flavia Renata Fratezi

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Este estudo teve como objetivos: identificar e analisar o significado do processo de morrer para cuidadores familiares de pacientes idosos em cuidados paliativos. Tratou-se de pesquisa qualitativa com utilização de entrevista. Os dados foram analisados por conteúdo. A presença de doenças crônicas que levam o idoso a necessitar de cuidados paliativos impõe sobre o cuidador familiar sentimentos complexos e ambivalentes. A proximidade e inevitabilidade da morte do idoso colaboram para intensificar esses sentimentos, mas possibilitam ao cuidador resignificar como vivencia essa experiência. Diante desta complexidade, torna-se evidente que a equipe paliativista precisa colaborar junto ao cuidador familiar, no sentido de tentar amenizar essa situação.This study sought to identify and analyze the significance of the process of dying for family caregivers of elderly patients in palliative care. It involved qualitative research with the use of interviews. The data were scrutinized by content analysis. The presence of chronic diseases that lead the elderly patient to require palliative care imposes a series of complex and ambivalent feelings on the family caregiver. The proximity and inevitability of death of the elderly patient exacerbate these feelings, but also lead the caregiver to reconsider how to handle this experience. Given this complexity, it becomes clear that the palliative tem need to work with family caregivers, to try to alleviate this situation.

Un modelo de tutoría universitaria para el aprendizaje de materiales instruccionales Um modelo de tutoría universitaria para o aprendizado de materiais de instrução A College Tutoring Model for Learning through the Use of Instructional Materials

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Norma Angélica Ortega-Andrade

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Se exponen los resultados del estudio de un modelo diseñado para atender los problemas relacionados con la comprensión de la lectura y el aprendizaje de materiales instruccionales en estudiantes universitarios, con el apoyo del tutor. En el estudio participaron 59 tutores y 200 estudiantes de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, México. El diseño de la investigación fue cuasiexperimental, con tres grupos independientes de comparación. Se aplicó el Inventario de Estilos de Aprendizaje y Orientación Motivacional (Edaom de Castañeda y Ortega (2004, en un pretest-postest después de la intervención con el modelo durante un semestre. Los resultados indican, de manera moderada, que la intervención del tutor contribuyó a mejorar el desempeño de los estudiantes, en comparación con los otros dos grupos, y también que para el aprendizaje de materiales instruccionales se requiere entrenamiento por parte del tutor.Apresenta os resultados do estudo de um modelo concebido para resolver problemas relacionados com a compreensão de leitura e o aprendizado de materiais de instrução em estudantes universitarios com o apoio de tutores. O estudo envolveu 59 professores e 200 estudantes da Universidad Autónoma do Estado de Hidalgo no México. O desenho da pesquisa foi quase-experimental, com três grupos independentes para comparação. Nós aplicamos o Inventario de Estilos de Aprendizagem e Orientação Motivacional (Edaom de Castañeda e Ortega (2004 em um pré-teste-pós-teste após a intervenção com o modelo por um semestre. Os resultados indicam moderadamente que a intervenção do tutor ajudou para melhorar o desempenho dos alunos em comparação com os outros dois grupos, bem como que a aprendizagem de material didático necessita treinamento pelo tutor.Presents the results of a study on a model designed to address problems related to reading comprehension and learning with instructional materials among college students who

Tutors' Influence on Distance Language Students' Learning Motivation: Voices from Learners and Tutors

Science.gov (United States)

Xiao, Junhong

2012-01-01

Teachers' influence on students' learning motivation is a well-researched topic. Nevertheless, the majority of such studies are situated in the conventional learning context despite the rapid growth of distance language learning. This study set out to investigate tutors' influence on students' learning motivation in the Chinese distance language…

Teachers Engaging Parents as Tutors to Improve Oral Reading Fluency

Science.gov (United States)

Kupzyk, Sara S.

2012-01-01

This dissertation examined the application of evidence-based tutoring for oral reading fluency (ORF) to a natural setting, using teachers as parent trainers. Measures used to determine the impact of parent tutoring included treatment integrity, student reading outcomes, attitudes towards involvement and reading, and social validity. Six teachers…

Constructing Adult Literacies at a Local Literacy Tutor-Training Program

Science.gov (United States)

Roderick, Ryan

2013-01-01

This study investigates how literacy was constructed at an adult literacy organization's volunteer tutor-training program. By drawing on qualitative analysis of training texts used during training, such as training evaluations, and data gathered from interviews with experienced tutors, it is possible to identify the assumptions about literacy…

Voluntary undergraduate technical skills training course to prepare students for clerkship assignment: tutees' and tutors' perspectives.

Science.gov (United States)

Blohm, Mats; Krautter, Markus; Lauter, Jan; Huber, Julia; Weyrich, Peter; Herzog, Wolfgang; Jünger, Jana; Nikendei, Christoph

2014-04-04

Skills lab training has become a widespread tool in medical education, and nowadays, skills labs are ubiquitous among medical faculties across the world. An increasingly prevalent didactic approach in skills lab teaching is peer-assisted learning (PAL), which has been shown to be not only effective, but can be considered to be on a par with faculty staff-led training. The aim of the study is to determine whether voluntary preclinical skills teaching by peer tutors is a feasible method for preparing medical students for effective workplace learning in clerkships and to investigate both tutees' and tutors' attitudes towards such an intervention. A voluntary clerkship preparation skills course was designed and delivered. N = 135 pre-clinical medical students visited the training sessions. N = 10 tutors were trained as skills-lab peer tutors. Voluntary clerkship preparation skills courses as well as tutor training were evaluated by acceptance ratings and pre-post self-assessment ratings. Furthermore, qualitative analyses of skills lab tutors' attitudes towards the course were conducted following principles of grounded theory. Results show that a voluntary clerkship preparation skills course is in high demand, is highly accepted and leads to significant changes in self-assessment ratings. Regarding qualitative analysis of tutor statements, clerkship preparation skills courses were considered to be a helpful and necessary asset to preclinical medical education, which benefits from the tutors' own clerkship experiences and a high standardization of training. Tutor training is also highly accepted and regarded as an indispensable tool for peer tutors. Our study shows that the demand for voluntary competence-oriented clerkship preparation is high, and a peer tutor-led skills course as well as tutor training is well accepted. The focused didactic approach for tutor training is perceived to be effective in preparing tutors for their teaching activity in this context. A

Reflexiones sobre la tutoría como función del profesor universitario

OpenAIRE

López Lucas, María del Carmen

2002-01-01

En el artículo se reflexiona sobre la tutoría, los motivos, los ámbitos de aplicación, cómo hacer una tutoría personalizada y cómo la entrevista en la tutoría individual, y por último, se reflexiona sobre el momento más adecuado para realizarse.

PEER TUTORING IN LEARNING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AS A NON-MAJOR

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E. A. Makarova

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction. The problems of stimulation cognitive activity and improvement of student learning motivation are of interest for many Russian and foreign researchers. One of the approaches to solve these problems, actively implemented in educational process abroad, is peer tutoring. Peer tutoring is a form of collaborative learning based on the models of student interactions organized in pairs or groups with shared roles «peer tutor- tutee».The aim of the study is to analyze effective models of peer tutoring used abroad, to develop alternate models and apply them while teaching reading and translation at foreign language lessons in non-linguistic university.Methodology and research methods. Peer tutoring is studied by using both qualitative and quantitative research methods such as data collection, analysis and generalizations along with the experiment and observation.Results and scientific novelty. As a result the peer tutoring models have been developed and implemented within the regular classroom settings while teaching reading and translation to students in non-linguistic university. The offered models of tutoring involve preparation realities of the Russian higher education institutions; meanwhile, there are no special centers of mentoring with separate teaching staff and psychologists in foreign universities. The advantages of peer tutoring over traditional forms of education and a group form of work when students solve a problem are designated, but their roles are not accurately distributed. The undertaken experiment lasted for two years, showed that peer tutoring advantages in foreign language training consist in the following: firstly, such way of lessons allows teachers to avoid time-losing monotonous reading and translations of texts discouraging students; secondly, exchanging opinions, students study each other and gain skills of estimation of personal and others' work; thirdly, interacting in pairs or small groups, pupils are more

Intelligent technology for construction of tutoring integrated expert systems: new aspects

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Galina V. Rybina

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The main aim of this paper is to acquaint readers of the journal “Open Education” with the accumulated experience of construction and practical use in the educational process of Cybernetics Department of the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI of a special class of intelligent tutoring systems, based on the architectures of tutoring integrated expert systems. The development is carried out on the problem-oriented methodology basis and intelligent software environment of AT-TECHNOLOGY workbench. They provide automation of support of all the stages of construction and maintenance of the life cycle of such systems.In the context of basic models, methods, algorithms and tools that implement the conceptual foundations of a problem-oriented methodology, and which are evolutionarily developed and experimentally investigated in the process of constructing various architectures of training integrated expert systems, including webbased ones, some features of the generalized model of intellectual learning and its components are considered (in particular, the competence-based model of the trainee, the adaptive tutoring model, the ontology model of the course /discipline et al. as well as methods and means of their realization in the current versions of tutoring integrated expert systems.In current versions of tutoring integrated expert systems examples of implementation of typical intelligent tutoring problems are described for the generalized ontology “Intelligent systems and technologies” (individual planning of the method of studying the training course, intelligent analysis of training tasks, intelligent support for decision making.A brief description of the conceptual foundations of the model of the intelligent software environment of the AT-TECHNOLOGY workbench is given and a description of some components of the model is presented with a focus on the basic components – intelligent planner, standard design procedures and reusable

Development and evaluation of a peer-tutoring program for graduate students*.

Science.gov (United States)

Copeland, H Liesel; Kinzy, Terri Goss

2005-03-01

Many interdisciplinary Ph.D. programs admit students of different educational backgrounds who receive a first year of a general curriculum education. However, student preparation for this curriculum varies, and methods are needed to provide academic support. Graduate student peer tutoring was piloted as an initiative funded by a National Institutes of Health (NIH) Initiative for Minority Student Development award to the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (UMDNJ-RWJMS) and is now offered to all students in the interdisciplinary Molecular Biosciences Ph.D. program between Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, and UMDNJ-RWJMS. Tutoring occurs individually or in small groups and has grown over the past 5 years in the number of students tutored and hours of tutoring. The program was evaluated by surveying and interviewing both tutors and students concerning process variables (e.g. awareness, frequency) and impact variables (e.g. perceived benefits, motivators), as well as by assessing changes in exam scores for the four core courses of the first-year graduate curriculum. Copyright © 2005 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Relative effectiveness of peer and cross-age tutoring in improving ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This study was designed to determine the relative effectiveness of peer tutoring and cross-age tutoring on the language achievement of high need primary four pupils of public primary schools. The study adopted the equivalent group design with two experimental groups and a control group. Participants comprised of ninety ...

Self-Assessment in the REAP Tutor: Knowledge, Interest, Motivation, & Learning

Science.gov (United States)

Dela Rosa, Kevin; Eskenazi, Maxine

2013-01-01

Self-assessment questionnaires have long been used in tutoring systems to help researchers measure and evaluate various aspects of a student's performance during learning activities. In this paper, we chronicle the efforts made in the REAP project, a language tutor developed to teach vocabulary to ESL students through reading activities, to…

39 Peer tutors as learning and teaching partners: a cumulative ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

that of learning and teaching partners to both lecturers and students. ... learning and growth using a balanced approach, which included scholarly research and .... peer tutors to be the kind of academic advisors to students that universities ... In terms of advantages, student peer tutors are closer in experience to the students.

Learners' Experiences of Peer Tutoring in the Context of Outdoor ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The article explores peer tutoring in the context of outdoor learning at a primary school in Lesotho. The peer-tutoring approach was trialled to explore its effectiveness in promoting learning in large class sizes which characterise primary and secondary schools in Lesotho. An urban primary school was purposively selected ...

Acessibilidade e crianças com paralisia cerebral: a visão do cuidador primário

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Luciane Maria Fagundes Pereira

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A paralisia cerebral (PC é uma disfunção predominantemente sensório-motora que envolve distúrbios do tônus muscular, postura e movimentos voluntários, ocasionada por lesões cerebrais não progressivas. Esta condição de saúde interfere de forma importante na interação da criança em contextos relevantes, que influencia a aquisição e o desempenho dos marcos motores básicos, bem como nas atividades da rotina diária. É por isso que a acessibilidade é uma questão fundamental na vida das crianças com PC e um direito de todas elas para construir valores individuais e sociais, os quais eliminem os obstáculos e possibilitem a comunicação com o mundo. OBJETIVO: Verificar as dificuldades de acessibilidade, sob a ótica dos cuidadores primários, encontradas no cotidiano das crianças com PC. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, de estudo de caso. Foram selecionados três cuidadores primários de crianças com PC que concordaram em realizar a entrevista e assinaram o TCLE. Os dados foram transcritos e categorizados. RESULTADOS E DISUSSÃO: Verificou-se que a escassez de informações sobre as potencialidades da criança com PC é comum na sociedade atual, o que contribui para existência de barreiras atitudinais, assim como para precariedade em acessibilidade geral destas pessoas. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Conclui-se que é necessária inclusão de programas educativos nas escolas e maior apoio voltado aos cuidadores primários nas clínicas de reabilitação e outras instituições especializadas, pois mesmo diante das dificuldades as mães encontram formas e condições de cuidar e lutar por estas crianças.

The Effects of the Peer Tutoring Program: An Action Research Study of the Effectiveness of the Peer Tutoring Program at One Suburban Middle School

Science.gov (United States)

Grubbs, Natalie

2009-01-01

The results of a study that examined the peer tutoring program at a middle school are discussed in this article. In an effort to determine ways to improve the peer tutoring program an action research (AR) mixed design study was developed. AR is practitioner based research. Its purpose is to examine the work of practitioners for effectiveness and…

The Military Language Tutor (MILT) Program: An Advanced Authoring System.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaplan, Jonathan D.; Sabol, Mark A.; Wisher, Robert A.; Seidel, Robert J.

1998-01-01

Discusses the Military Language Tutor (MILT), a language-tutor authoring system, examining the development of a proof of principal version of MILT's two-dimensional Arabic microworld, which uses speech input to control an animated agent in solving an authored problem and describing an evaluation of the speech-driven microworld at Fort Campbell,…

Using Cognitive Tutor Software in Learning Linear Algebra Word Concept

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Kai-Ju

2015-01-01

This paper reports on a study of twelve 10th grade students using Cognitive Tutor, a math software program, to learn linear algebra word concept. The study's purpose was to examine whether students' mathematics performance as it is related to using Cognitive Tutor provided evidence to support Koedlinger's (2002) four instructional principles used…

College Students' Engagement in E-Tutoring Children in Remote Areas

Science.gov (United States)

ChanLin, Lih-Juan; Lin, Hong-Yen; Lu, Tze-Han

2016-01-01

To bridge the digital divide and learning gap among children in remote areas, an online tutoring service has been initiated for after-school learning in remote schools. College students were recruited for the role of teaching and supporting remote learners through online tutoring. This research aimed to study college students' involvement in…

Perspectives of New Trades Tutors: Boundary Crossing between Vocational Identities

Science.gov (United States)

Chan, Selena

2012-01-01

This article reports on a study of the perspectives of new tutors teaching traditional vocational trades who recently commenced teaching in the Institutes of Technologies and Polytechnics (ITPs) sector in New Zealand. The perspectives are collated from questionnaires and interviews of 13 tutors, from five ITPs, who have been teaching full-time for…

A Spoonful of Success: Undergraduate Tutor-Tutee Interactions and Performance

Science.gov (United States)

Marx, Jonathan; Wolf, Michelle G.; Howard, Kimberly

2016-01-01

We explore how the dynamics of the tutor-tutee relationship influence students' self-reliance and, ultimately, course performance. We examine 333 tutor and tutee pairs at a student success center at a public, comprehensive, university attended by approximately 5,000 undergraduates enrolled in more than 60 courses during spring 2015. The results…

El tutor y la tutoría en el proceso de formación de especialistas sanitarios en la comunidad de Madrid: Análisis e interpretación mediante grupos focales

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Jesús Antonio Álvarez Sánchez

Full Text Available Fundamento: El sistema de formación de especialistas sanitarios (SFE en nuestro país tiene una gran importancia en el mantenimiento de un Sistema de Salud de calidad. La evolución de dicho sistema ha ido configurando al tutor de los residentes en el eje sobre el que recae gran parte de la responsabilidad de la calidad del proceso formativo y de la competencia clínica de los especialistas titulados, sin que se hayan definido los requisitos que deberían acompañar dicha responsabilidad. El objetivo del estudio es explorar la opinión de los tutores respecto de sus responsabilidades y necesidades en el SFE, y en un contexto de tutoría planificada. Métodos: La investigación se realizó mediante cuatro grupos focales formados por tutores de atención primaria y hospitales, donde los residentes realizan su formación. Resultados: los discursos de los participantes se centraron en la definición del perfil asistencial y académico de los tutores, las características que debería reunir el proceso de selección y acreditación del tutor, y en las responsabilidades, funciones y reconocimiento de la tutoría. Conclusiones: se ha identificado claramente la falta de concordancia entre el valor que "en teoría" se otorga a la docencia y la "práctica" de la misma, caracterizada por su subordinación a la asistencia, la escasez de recursos y la falta de reconocimiento de la labor docente. Se apunta la democratización y objetivación del proceso de designación del tutor, una cierta independencia de la tutoría respecto de la estructura asistencial, la potenciación de las Comisiones Docentes y Asesoras, el reconocimiento en baremos profesionales y el tiempo destinado a la tutoría como la mejor compensación.

Burnout en cuidadores principales de pacientes con Alzheimer,el síndrome del asistente desasistido

OpenAIRE

Garcés de los Fayos Ruiz, Enrique Javier; Peinado Portero, Ana Isabel

1998-01-01

En este trabajo se describen los efectos emocionales que sufren los familiares que asumen el papel de cuidadores principales de enfermos de Alzheimer, y en especial el síndrome denominado Burnout. Este trastorno se manifiesta mediante un complejo síndrome afectivo y motivacional, que acaece en quienes desempeñan tareas de ayuda a los demás, caracterizado por la presencia de síntomas de agotamiento emocional, despersonalización en el trato e inadecuación con la ...

Qualitative Evaluation of the Java Intelligent Tutoring System

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Edward Sykes

2005-10-01

Full Text Available In an effort to support the growing trend of the Java programming language and to promote web-based personalized education, the Java Intelligent Tutoring System (JITS was designed and developed. This tutoring system is unique in a number of ways. Most Intelligent Tutoring Systems require the teacher to author problems with corresponding solutions. JITS, on the other hand, requires the teacher to only supply the problem and problem specification. JITS is designed to "intelligently" examine the student's submitted code and determines appropriate feedback based on a number of factors such as JITS' cognitive model of the student, the student's skill level, and problem details. JITS is intended to be used by beginner programming students in their first year of College or University. This paper discusses the important aspects of the design and development of JITS, the qualitative methods and procedures, and findings. Research was conducted at the Sheridan Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning, Ontario, Canada.

ARTIE: An Integrated Environment for the Development of Affective Robot Tutors.

Science.gov (United States)

Imbernón Cuadrado, Luis-Eduardo; Manjarrés Riesco, Ángeles; De La Paz López, Félix

2016-01-01

Over the last decade robotics has attracted a great deal of interest from teachers and researchers as a valuable educational tool from preschool to highschool levels. The implementation of social-support behaviors in robot tutors, in particular in the emotional dimension, can make a significant contribution to learning efficiency. With the aim of contributing to the rising field of affective robot tutors we have developed ARTIE (Affective Robot Tutor Integrated Environment). We offer an architectural pattern which integrates any given educational software for primary school children with a component whose function is to identify the emotional state of the students who are interacting with the software, and with the driver of a robot tutor which provides personalized emotional pedagogical support to the students. In order to support the development of affective robot tutors according to the proposed architecture, we also provide a methodology which incorporates a technique for eliciting pedagogical knowledge from teachers, and a generic development platform. This platform contains a component for identiying emotional states by analysing keyboard and mouse interaction data, and a generic affective pedagogical support component which specifies the affective educational interventions (including facial expressions, body language, tone of voice,…) in terms of BML (a Behavior Model Language for virtual agent specification) files which are translated into actions of a robot tutor. The platform and the methodology are both adapted to primary school students. Finally, we illustrate the use of this platform to build a prototype implementation of the architecture, in which the educational software is instantiated with Scratch and the robot tutor with NAO. We also report on a user experiment we carried out to orient the development of the platform and of the prototype. We conclude from our work that, in the case of primary school students, it is possible to identify, without

ARTIE: an Integrated Environment for the development of Affective Robot Tutors

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Luis-Eduardo Imbernón Cuadrado

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Over the last decade robotics has attracted a great deal of interest from teachers and researchers as a valuable educational tool from preschool to highschool levels. The implementation of social- support behaviours in robot tutors, in particular in the emotional dimension, can make a signicant contribution to learning efciency.With the aim of contributing to the rising eld of affective robot tutors we have developed ARTIE (Affective Robot Tutor Integrated Environment. We offer an architectural pattern which integrates any given educational software for primary school children with a component whose function is to identify the emotional state of the students who are interacting with the software, and with the driver of a robot tutor which provides personalized emotional pedagogical support to the students. In order to support the development of affective robot tutors according to the proposed architecture, we also provide a methodology which incorporates a technique for eliciting pedagogical knowledge from teachers, and a generic development platform. This platform contains a component for identiying emotional states by analysing keyboard and mouse interaction data, and a generic affective pedagogical support component which specifies the affective educational interventions (including facial expressions, body language, tone of voice,... in terms of BML (a Behavior Model Language for virtual agent specification files which are translated into actions of a robot tutor. The platform and the methodology are both adapted to primary school students. Finally, we illustrate the use of this platform to build a prototype implementation of the architecture, in which the educational software is instantiated with Scratch and the robot tutor with NAO. We also report on a user experiment we carried out to orient the development of the platform and of the prototype. We conclude from our work that, in the case of primary school students, it is possible to

Resiliencia, Personalidad Resistente y Crecimiento en Cuidadores de Personas con Demencia en el Entorno Familiar: Una Revisión

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Violeta Fernández-Lansac

2011-01-01

Full Text Available La investigación en torno al cuidado no profesional de mayores con demencia ha proliferado a lo largo de los últimos años, constatando muchos autores que, del mismo modo en que el cuidado se asocia a un buen número de consecuencias negativas, diversos efectos positivos pueden derivarse de esta experiencia. Sin embargo, y a pesar del impacto de la corriente positiva en la actualidad, son muy escasos los estudios que valoran la personalidad resistente (hardiness, la resiliencia y el crecimiento personal en cuidadores. El presente artículo hace una revisión sistemática de las contribuciones más relevantes a este campo, a partir del análisis de nueve publicaciones. Todos estos trabajos evalúan, de un modo cuantitativo, la resiliencia, el hardiness o el crecimiento en familiares de personas con demencia. Las características y resultados de dichos trabajos serán valoradas, teniendo en consideración sus implicaciones para el estudio y la atención a los cuidadores

Focused didactic training for skills lab student tutors - which techniques are considered helpful?

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Heni, Martin; Lammerding-Köppel, Maria; Celebi, Nora; Shiozawa, Thomas; Riessen, Reimer; Nikendei, Christoph; Weyrich, Peter

2012-01-01

Peer-assisted learning is widely used in medical education. However, little is known about an appropriate didactic preparation for peer tutors. We herein describe the development of a focused didactic training for skills lab tutors in Internal Medicine and report on a retrospective survey about the student tutors' acceptance and the perceived transferability of attended didactic training modules. The course consisted of five training modules: 1. 'How to present and explain effectively': the student tutors had to give a short presentation with subsequent video analysis and feedback in order to learn methods of effective presentation. 2. 'How to explain precisely': Precise explanation techniques were trained by exercises of exact description of geometric figures and group feedback. 3. 'How to explain on impulse': Spontaneous teaching presentations were simulated and feedback was given. 4. 'Peyton's 4 Step Approach': Peyton's Method for explanation of practical skills was introduced and trained by the participants. 5. 'How to deal with critical incidents': Possibilities to deal with critical teaching situations were worked out in group sessions. Twenty-three student tutors participated in the retrospective survey by filling out an electronic questionnaire, after at least 6 months of teaching experience. The exercise 'How to present and explain effectively' received the student tutors' highest rating for their improvement of didactic qualification and was seen to be most easily transferable into the skills lab environment. This module was rated as the most effective module by nearly half of the participants. It was followed by 'Peyton's 4 Step Approach' , though it was also seen to be the most delicate method in regard to its transfer into the skills lab owing to time concerns. However, it was considered to be highly effective. The other modules received lesser votes by the tutors as the most helpful exercise in improving their didactic qualification for skills lab

A Web-Based Adaptive Tutor to Teach PCR Primer Design

Science.gov (United States)

van Seters, Janneke R.; Wellink, Joan; Tramper, Johannes; Goedhart, Martin J.; Ossevoort, Miriam A.

2012-01-01

When students have varying prior knowledge, personalized instruction is desirable. One way to personalize instruction is by using adaptive e-learning to offer training of varying complexity. In this study, we developed a web-based adaptive tutor to teach PCR primer design: the PCR Tutor. We used part of the Taxonomy of Educational Objectives (the…

Conceptual Tutoring Software for Promoting Deep Learning: A Case Study

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Stott, Angela; Hattingh, Annemarie

2015-01-01

The paper presents a case study of the use of conceptual tutoring software to promote deep learning of the scientific concept of density among 50 final year pre-service student teachers in a natural sciences course in a South African university. Individually-paced electronic tutoring is potentially an effective way of meeting the students' varied…

Organization of the Master Tutor in Higher Education: Methodological Support

OpenAIRE

Asya Suchanu

2013-01-01

It reveals the uniqueness tutor support preparation of future teachers in humanities within the magistracy, the ways and means of professional development tomorrow's specialists. Substantiates the importance and meaning of revealed teaching tutor help first-year students, which manifests itself in optimizing individual learning trajectories, leading to efficient fulfillment and positive socialization of students.

Cuidador de idoso: discussão do processo de regulamentação da profissão pela análise discursiva de audiências públicas

OpenAIRE

Raquel Noel Ribeiro

2015-01-01

Frente ao crescimento da população idosa no Brasil, observa-se a necessidade de cuidados de longo prazo voltados a parte desse grupo e de apoio aos seus familiares, que não conseguem mais assumir sozinhos a função do cuidado. Nesse contexto, é recente na sociedade a figura do cuidador de idoso, cuja função é classificada como ocupação pela Classificação Brasileira de Ocupações. O Projeto de Lei do Senado 284/2011 apresentou a proposta de regulamentação da profissão de cuidador de pessoa idosa...

A Window into Mathematical Support: How Parents' Perceptions Change Following Observations of Mathematics Tutoring

Science.gov (United States)

Westenskow, Arla; Boyer-Thurgood, Jennifer; Moyer-Packenham, Patricia S.

2015-01-01

This research study examined the perceptions of 24 parents of rising 5th-grade students with mathematics learning difficulties as part of a 10-week summer mathematics tutoring experience. During the summer tutoring program, parents observed their children participating in mathematics learning experiences during one-to-one tutoring sessions. At the…

Benefits of Structured After-School Literacy Tutoring by University Students for Struggling Elementary Readers

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Lindo, Endia J.; Weiser, Beverly; Cheatham, Jennifer P.; Allor, Jill H.

2018-01-01

This study examines the effectiveness of minimally trained tutors providing a highly structured tutoring intervention for struggling readers. We screened students in Grades K-6 for participation in an after-school tutoring program. We randomly assigned those students not meeting the benchmark on a reading screening measure to either a tutoring…

Evaluation of the Institutional Tutoring Program in a Polytechnic University of the State of Mexico

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Claudia Alejandra Hernandez Herrera

2015-05-01

Full Text Available The aim of this article is to evaluate the perception of the alumni on tutoring in a public university in Mexico to analyze the way tutoring has contributed to the integral development of students. A questionnaire was applied to a sample of 312 students; the data obtained were analyzed with the IBM SPSS software. In the results, it was found that the students perceive positively the professors’ competences for tutoring. However, just over 50% of the students feel satisfied with the assigned tutor; in so far as 60% consider that their tutor canalize them to regularization courses; in addition, only 50% admit to have a major and life project, also half of the students believe that tutoring has supported to increase their performance and integration to university; and only two thirds think that their professor has pedagogic knowledge. In conclusion, the data indicate that it must be worked on the implementation of educational policies which contribute to strengthen tutoring programs that encourage the youth in Mexico to successfully complete school, thus, prevent scholar underachievement.

Percepción del cuidado por parte del cuidador familiar

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Isabel Fernández Lao

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivo principal: Determinar el significado del cuidado en el cuidador familiar. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo, fenomenológico, descriptivo, con grupo focal, 14 cuidadoras pertenecientes a la Unidad de Gestión Clínica Almería Centro. Análisis de contenido, trascripción, segmentación, codificación y clasificación en categorías del texto. Resultados principales. Categorías: tareas, valores, reconocimiento (familiar, profesional, institucional, apoyo al cuidado, medidas de mejora. Conclusión principal: En el cuidado prima la obligación moral, especialmente en caso de la mujer, escasamente reconocido, especialmente por la persona cuidada, pese a medidas adoptadas las cuidadoras reclaman más información y captación activa por parte del personal de enfermería.

Cuidando de quem cuida: avaliando a qualidade de vida de cuidadores de afásicos Taking care of the caregiver: valuing of the quality of life of the aphasics caregivers

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Ivone Panhoca

2010-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: avaliar a qualidade de vida de cuidadores de afásicos, utilizando-se o "Questionário de sobrecarga do cuidador (Burden Interview - Zarit". MÉTODOS: responderam as 22 questões do questionário, 30 cuidadores de afásicos, de ambos os sexos, que eram atendidos em uma clínica-escola de uma faculdade de Fonoaudiologia do interior do estado de São Paulo. Além disso, foram coletados os seguintes dados: sexo; idade; nível de escolaridade; há quanto tempo ocupava a posição de cuidador; grau de parentesco com o afásico; quais suas maiores dificuldades no trato com o afásico; tipo de afasia da pessoa sob seus cuidados (e acometimentos associados. Foram analisadas tais variáveis a fim de verificar como elas influenciavam na sobrecarga e, além disso, verificou-se a relação entre a pontuação geral do questionário e a questão em que o próprio cuidador respondia como avaliava sua sobrecarga como cuidador. RESULTADOS: constatou-se que as variáveis "parentesco" e "dificuldades no trato com o afásico" estão relacionadas com a sobrecarga do cuidador, sendo que as maiores sobrecargas foram encontradas nos que cuidam de afásicos que apresentam maiores comprometimentos linguísticos e que se irritam facilmente quando não são compreendidos. Quanto ao grau de parentesco os pais de afásicos são os que se sentem mais sobrecarregados, seguidos pelos cônjuges, filhos e irmãos. CONCLUSÃO: os resultados encontrados mostraram que o cuidador do afásico apresenta sobrecarga física e emocional, sendo de extrema importância conhecer suas necessidades, para melhor assisti-los e orientá-los, buscando minimizar a sobrecarga e melhorando a qualidade de vida.PURPOSE: to value aphasics' caregivers quality of life using the "Caregiver Burden Questionnaire (Burden Interview - Zarit". METHODS: thirty aphasics' caregivers, of both genders, answered twentytwo questions of the questionnaire, and were attended in a clinic-school at a Speech

Pre-admission factors and utilization of tutoring services in health professions educational programs.

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Olivares-Urueta, Mayra; Williamson, Jon W

2013-01-01

Pre-admission factors tend to serve as indicators of student success in health professions educational programs, but less is known about the effects that academic assistance programs have on student success. This study sought to determine whether specific pre-admission factors could help to identify students who may require academic support during their health professions education. This retrospective analysis aimed to identify differences in pre-admission variables between those students requiring tutoring and a matched sample of students who did not require tutoring. One-way ANOVA was used to assess differences for dependent variables-age, cumulative GPA (cGPA), science GPA (sGPA), verbal graduate record examination (GRE) score, quantitative GRE score, analytical GRE score and combined GRE score, community college hours, average credit hours per semester, and highest semester credit hour load-across three groups of students who received no tutoring (NT 0 hrs), some tutoring (ST tutoring (MT >8 hrs). Total GRE and average semester hours differentiated NT from ST from MT (ptutoring: quantitative GRE, sGPA, cGPA and average semester hours taken. The combination of lower GRE scores and lighter average semester course load were most predictive of the need for academic assistance as defined by hours of tutoring. While the value of the GRE in admissions processes is generally accepted, the average semester hour load in college can also provide important information regarding academic preparation and the need for tutoring services.

Cuidador familiar de seqüelados de acidente vascular cerebral: significado e implicações Family caregiver of stroke sequel patients: meanings and implications

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Fernanda de Freitas Mendonça

2008-01-01

Full Text Available O acidente vascular cerebral (AVC está entre as principais causas de morte no mundo. Diante das incapacidades impostas pelo AVC, surge o cuidador familiar. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar o significado e as implicações de se tornar cuidador de um indivíduo seqüelado de AVC. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, realizado com cinco cuidadores, em Londrina-PR, no período de agosto a dezembro de 2005. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e submetidos à análise de discurso proposta por Martins e Bicudo. Da análise das entrevistas emergiram sete categorias: voltando-se para o Ser cuidado, descrevendo os cuidados, apresentando as mudanças, o apoio da espiritualidade, compreendendo o significado do cuidado, expressando as necessidades para cuidar e perspectivas para o futuro. Os resultados revelaram que ser cuidador familiar é um fenômeno complexo, que gera nos sujeitos sentimentos de alegria e felicidade concomitantes aos sentimentos de medo, ansiedade e revolta.The brain vascular accident (BVA is one of the main death causes worldwide. Due to the impairments imposed by the BVA, there is the family caregiver. This work aims to analyze the meaning and implications of being a caregiver of a stroke sequel person. It is a qualitative research, carried out with five caregivers in Londrina-PR, from August to December 2005. Data were collected in semi-structured interviews and were subjected to discourse analysis proposed by Martins and Bicudo. From the analysis of interviews seven categories arouse: turning to the being cared, describing care, presenting changes, spirituality support, understanding the meaning of care, expressing the needs to take care and future perspectives. Results revealed that being a family caregiver is a complex phenomenon, that creates in the subjects feelings of happiness and along with feelings of fear, anxiety and revolt.

PROJETO DE EXTENSÃO: HUMANIZAÇÃO E EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE JUNTO AOS CUIDADORES, CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES NO HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO INFANTIL

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Bruna Cavalheiro Engel

2016-11-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo é um relato de experiência do projeto de extensão Humanizar e Educar em saúde. O projeto é constituído por uma equipe interdisciplinar, contando com docentes e discentes dos cursos de Fisioterapia, Psicologia e Nutrição. O projeto de extensão é voltado à humanização e educação em saúde no Hospital Universitário Pequeno Anjo (HUPA, que atende crianças de 0 a 14 anos.  Este projeto tem como objetivo a troca de saberes junto às crianças, adolescentes e cuidadores por meio de roda de conversa e estratégias dinâmicas. A metodologia adotada é a da roda de conversa orientada pelos preceitos de Paulo Freire. No período de março de 2015 a junho de 2016 aconteceram 90 encontros e a participação de 742 cuidadores, crianças e adolescentes. As rodas de conversa com cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes permitiu a troca de experiências, na qual os sujeitos auxiliam uns aos outros no processo de enfrentamento da hospitalização.

A Flowchart-Based Intelligent Tutoring System for Improving Problem-Solving Skills of Novice Programmers

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Hooshyar, D.; Ahmad, R. B.; Yousefi, M.; Yusop, F. D.; Horng, S.-J.

2015-01-01

Intelligent tutoring and personalization are considered as the two most important factors in the research of learning systems and environments. An effective tool that can be used to improve problem-solving ability is an Intelligent Tutoring System which is capable of mimicking a human tutor's actions in implementing a one-to-one personalized and…

Practice Report / Bericht aus der Praxis: An exploration of peer tutor roles and recruitment at German medical schools.

Science.gov (United States)

Alvarez, Simone; Schultz, Jobst-Hendrik

2017-11-01

Almost all medical faculties in Germany actively employ peer tutors. However, little is known about the roles these tutors play from a faculty point of view. Also, there are only few descriptions of the tutor recruitment and selection processes. 32 of the medical faculties in Germany, where tutors are used in the training of medical students, were asked to provide information on the role and recruitment of tutors by means of a partially standardized questionnaire. At the surveyed faculties (return rate 28%), tutors are mostly employed for the purpose of teaching staff support. Even though desired in individual cases, tutors rarely play an active role in curriculum- or faculty development. The way tutor recruitment is handled strongly depends on the capabilities of the individual faculties and the way tutors are utilized. In many cases this process is structured, consisting of written and oral application phases, in other cases recruitment takes place without formal application procedures. The selection criteria, however, were found to be very similar at most faculties. The role of tutors from the faculties' point of view depends strongly on the respective nature of the tutorials, which are just as diverse as the approaches to tutor recruitment. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier GmbH.

Perfil dos cuidadores de idosos nas instituições de longa permanência de Belo Horizonte, MG Profile of caregivers of elderly in long-term care institutions in Belo Horizonte - MG

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Marco Túlio de Freitas Ribeiro

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho avaliou o perfil dos cuidadores de idosos das instituições de longa permanência filantrópicas e privadas de Belo Horizonte - MG. Uma amostra de 181 cuidadores, 98 em filantrópicas e 83 em privadas, foi aleatoriamente selecionada e submetida à entrevista estruturada, após assinatura do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. As variáveis avaliadas foram gênero, faixa etária, escolaridade, estado civil, remuneração mensal (em termos de salários mínimos, condição econômica, tempo de trabalho na instituição e tempo na função de cuidador. A comparação entre as modalidades de instituições foi realizada pelos testes qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher. Não houve diferença estatística significativa entre as modalidades de instituições quanto ao gênero (p=0,62 e remuneração mensal (0,77 dos cuidadores. Nas instituições filantrópicas, foi observado maior número de cuidadores com mais de 50 anos, com estado civil viúvo, com menos de quatro anos de estudo, de classe econômica D e que trabalhavam nas instituições e atuavam como cuidadores há mais de dois anos (pThe purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the profile of caregivers of elderly in long-term care facilities. The studied population included 181 randomly selected caregivers, 98 from philanthropic and 83 from private institutions in the city of Belo Horizonte. Data were collected applying structured questionnaires. The variables evaluated were sex, age group, educational level, marital status, income, economic condition, time of work in the facility, and professional experience. The data were compared using Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. There was no statistically significant difference between caregivers from the two facilities with regard to sex (p=0.62 and income (0.77. In the philanthropic facilities we observed more caregivers aged 50 years or more, widowers, with less than 4 years of study, socio-economic level D and

Effect of a limited-enforcement intelligent tutoring system in dermatopathology on student errors, goals and solution paths.

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Payne, Velma L; Medvedeva, Olga; Legowski, Elizabeth; Castine, Melissa; Tseytlin, Eugene; Jukic, Drazen; Crowley, Rebecca S

2009-11-01

Determine effects of a limited-enforcement intelligent tutoring system in dermatopathology on student errors, goals and solution paths. Determine if limited enforcement in a medical tutoring system inhibits students from learning the optimal and most efficient solution path. Describe the type of deviations from the optimal solution path that occur during tutoring, and how these deviations change over time. Determine if the size of the problem-space (domain scope), has an effect on learning gains when using a tutor with limited enforcement. Analyzed data mined from 44 pathology residents using SlideTutor-a Medical Intelligent Tutoring System in Dermatopathology that teaches histopathologic diagnosis and reporting skills based on commonly used diagnostic algorithms. Two subdomains were included in the study representing sub-algorithms of different sizes and complexities. Effects of the tutoring system on student errors, goal states and solution paths were determined. Students gradually increase the frequency of steps that match the tutoring system's expectation of expert performance. Frequency of errors gradually declines in all categories of error significance. Student performance frequently differs from the tutor-defined optimal path. However, as students continue to be tutored, they approach the optimal solution path. Performance in both subdomains was similar for both errors and goal differences. However, the rate at which students progress toward the optimal solution path differs between the two domains. Tutoring in superficial perivascular dermatitis, the larger and more complex domain was associated with a slower rate of approximation towards the optimal solution path. Students benefit from a limited-enforcement tutoring system that leverages diagnostic algorithms but does not prevent alternative strategies. Even with limited enforcement, students converge toward the optimal solution path.

Teaching the tacit knowledge of programming to noviceswith natural language tutoring

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Lane, H. Chad; Vanlehn, Kurt

2005-09-01

For beginning programmers, inadequate problem solving and planning skills are among the most salient of their weaknesses. In this paper, we test the efficacy of natural language tutoring to teach and scaffold acquisition of these skills. We describe ProPL (Pro-PELL), a dialogue-based intelligent tutoring system that elicits goal decompositions and program plans from students in natural language. The system uses a variety of tutoring tactics that leverage students' intuitive understandings of the problem, how it might be solved, and the underlying concepts of programming. We report the results of a small-scale evaluation comparing students who used ProPL with a control group who read the same content. Our primary findings are that students who received tutoring from ProPL seem to have developed an improved ability to solve the composition problem and displayed behaviors that suggest they were able to think at greater levels of abstraction than students in the read-only group.

Where do people look when tutoring a robot?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lohan, Katrin Solveig; Fischer, Kerstin; Dondrup, Christian

In this paper, we investigate the relationship between tutors' gaze behavior and particular kinds of linguistic behaviors. In particular, we describe how word classes are distributed over different gazing classes. For this, we collected data from human-robot interactions and used a classification......). The analysis shows that there are, for instance, more object related keywords when people are gazing at an object, and more personal pronouns when people are looking at the robot. Understanding the relationship between human tutors' linguistic and gazing behavior can facilitate bootstrapping the one capability...

A Utilization-Focused Program Evaluation of a Supplemental Educational Services Third-Party Tutoring Model

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Grainger, Michael J.

2013-01-01

Under the mandates of No Child Left Behind, supplemental educational services (SES) in the form of tutoring are provided to eligible students who attend schools in the 3rd year of program improvement status. A local suburban school district in the southern California currently uses a 3rd party tutoring model to provide tutoring services in both…

Help Helps, but Only so Much: Research on Help Seeking with Intelligent Tutoring Systems

Science.gov (United States)

Aleven, Vincent; Roll, Ido; McLaren, Bruce M.; Koedinger, Kenneth R.

2016-01-01

Help seeking is an important process in self-regulated learning (SRL). It may influence learning with intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs), because many ITSs provide help, often at the student's request. The Help Tutor was a tutor agent that gave in-context, real-time feedback on students' help-seeking behavior, as they were learning with an ITS.…

Professor ou tutor: uma linha tênue na docência em EAD

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Michelle Brust Hackmayer

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho analisa a natureza docente do trabalho de tutoria na Educação a Distância (EAD, utilizando, como referência, os documentos oficiais do Ministério da Educação e Cultura (MEC (Brasil, 2007 sobre as funções do tutor e as avaliações que os tutores do Centro de Educação Superior a Distância do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (CEDERJ fazem de sua prática. Contextualiza a pesquisa, abordando questões teóricas relativas à docência na EAD, a qual envolve vários profissionais em sua atuação, incluindo o tutor. Revela que até o momento inexiste um termo que defina o papel do tutor no trabalho com a EAD, papel este que se torna cada vez maior e mais indefinido. Mostra que, embora tenha, reconhecidamente, uma função importante e determinante nos cursos a distância, o tutor ainda é um profissional que carece de perfil profissiográfico, que lhe confira uma formação definida e um espaço determinado na modalidade. O artigo revela, ainda, que cresce a necessidade de estudos que indiquem quais as suas principais funções, sua identidade profissional e, sobretudo, a caracterização de sua atuação docente na EAD. Analisa as respostas do questionário aplicado aos 38 tutores do CEDERJ/UERJ, no curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia e, finalmente, conclui que os tutores são unânimes em considerar sua atuação como docente, embora não sejam reconhecidos nem remunerados como tal pela instituição onde atuam.

The Private Tutoring Industry in Taiwan: Government Policies and Their Implementation

Science.gov (United States)

Zhan, Shengli

2014-01-01

Previous studies show that attending private tutoring has become a necessity to many primary and secondary students in East Asia. Educational policies and their effective implementation are crucial to guarantee the healthy development of the private tutoring industry and thus protect the rights of students and their families. Under the framework…

Supplementary tutoring in Trinidad and Tobago: Some implications for policy making

Science.gov (United States)

Barrow, Dorian A.; Lochan, Samuel N.

2012-06-01

Globally, private supplementary tutoring is a huge business and the practice is expanding rapidly in many regions of the world where it never existed before. In some of these regions it is posing a novel set of challenges for education planners and policy makers. The aim of this study was to examine the extent to which supplementary tutoring is impacting on the goals of the formal education system in Trinidad and Tobago (T&T). The participation rate in supplementary tutoring at primary school level in T&T was found to be high (88.2 per cent at Standard Five level), with the majority of the students being privately tutored by their regular school teachers. Their main motivation for taking private tutoring lessons was to try to secure a place in one of the few elite secondary schools in the country. The authors of this paper admit that there is no quick solution to the problem, especially if it is understood as a part of the process of cultural change. They contend that the key to breaking the elitist tradition lies in modifying public understanding about education and convincing parents and citizens at large that a wide range of options and opportunities exists outside the narrow confines of the old colonial economy and the old colonial schools.

Proceedings of the Air Force Forum for Intelligent Tutoring Systems

Science.gov (United States)

1989-04-01

Science Air Force Summer Study on Fault Isolation in Air Force Weapons and Support Systems. He is an expert in simulation-oriented computer-based...Tutoring (Collins, 1976.) Reprinted with permission of Lawrence Erlbauni Assoc., Inc., Publishers, ( 1976. It should be clear that understanding natural...Grignetti, M., Hausman , C., & Gould, L. (1975). An intelligent on-line assistant and tutor: NLS-Scholar. In Proceedings of the National Computer

A singularidade do apoio aos idosos: cuidadores formais e informais, que articulação?

OpenAIRE

Gemito, Maria Laurência

2012-01-01

É visível o envelhecimento da população e as consequências que daí advêm. A par do envelhecimento demográfico ocorreram profundas mudanças sociais e familiares nas últimas décadas, que afetaram a estrutura e composição das famílias suscitando grandes preocupações acerca do apoio familiar aos idosos. Inúmeras são as dificuldades com que se debatem os cuidadores informais de idosos, sendo necessária a complementaridade entre redes formais e informais.

Mapping Psychology Students' Perspective on Group Peer-Tutoring in Statistics

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Cantinotti, Michael; Désormeaux-Moreau, Marjorie; Balbinotti, Marcos

2017-01-01

Students in psychology generally have difficulties to successfully accomplish mandatory courses in statistics. Group peer-tutoring is a pedagogical strategy to support them with a peer that has already successfully mastered the content of such a course. In order to specifically tailor group peer-tutoring to the needs of students and to sustain…

Estratégias de coping e percepção da doença em pais de crianças com doença crónica: o contexto do cuidador

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Michele Coletto

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El estudio evaluó la relación entre la percepción y los tipos de estretagias de afrontamiento utilizadas por los padres/cuidadores de niños con enfermedad crónica. Participaron cuarenta ciudadores identificados en los servicios de atención disponibles en el municipio de canoas/RS en el periodo de abril a mayo de 2007. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el inventario de estratégias de afrontamiento, el cuestionario de percepción de la enfermedad adaptado para los cuidadores y un cuestioanrio socio-demográfico desarrollado para el estudio. Las madres constituían la mayoría de cuidadores. Los resultados demostraron que la peor perecpción de consecuencias de las enfermedades están asociadas a una mayor utilización de la estrategia de afrontamiento de huida y escape, mientras que un uso menor de esa misma estratégia se relaciona con una mayor claridad en términos de los síntomas.

Relación entre adherencia objetiva al tratamiento en la diabetes infantil y variables psicológicas de los cuidadores Relationship between objective treatment compliance in infantile diabetes and psychological variables of caregivers

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Consuelo Arenas Bermúdez

2007-11-01

Full Text Available Justificación: La diabetes es una elevación crónica de glucosa en sangre. En niños, el tratamiento no es administrado por el paciente sino por su cuidador. Así, las características personales que aseguren la adherencia al tratamiento dependen de otra persona. Objetivo Principal: Identificar qué características personales y ambientales del cuidador favorecen o interfieren la adherencia al tratamiento. Diseño y Metodología: Participaron 60 cuidadores principales de niños diabéticos (edad: 1-15 años. Evaluándose optimismo, autoeficacia, neuroticismo, estrategias de afrontamiento, estilos educativos, apoyo social (del cuidador, así como adherencia objetiva en los niños (análisis sanguíneo, además de variables demográficas y familiares de ambos. Se realizaron correlaciones y diferencias entre grupos utilizando variables de agrupamiento como tener o no adherencia al tratamiento, entre otras. El estudio duró un año durante el cual los cuidadores asistieron a sesiones psicoeducativas sobre la enfermedad. Resultados: Principales y Conclusiones. El perfil del cuidador con mejor adherencia objetiva: alguien con buenos conocimientos sobre la enfermedad, temor ante las consecuencias de no seguir el tratamiento, acostumbrado a afrontar problemas buscando soluciones, con una actitud y motivación positivas y sin sentirse culpable. En su relación con los pacientes muestra un alto grado de control y de afecto (cuidador democrático.Justification: Diabetes is a chronic elevation of glucose in the blood. In the case of children, treatment is not administrated by the patient but their caregivers. In this sense, personal characteristics that increase treatment compliance are not dependent on oneself but on other people. Main Aim: To find personal and environmental characteristics that may increase or decrease objective treatment compliance. Design and Method: Participants in this study were 60 principal caregivers of diabetic children (aged: 1

Perfil social de los cuidadores familiares de pacientes dependientes ingresados en el Hospital General Universitario de Elche Social profile of the family caregiver of dependant patients in the University General Hospital of Elche

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Pablo López-Casanova

2009-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio es describir el perfil social de los cuidadores familiares en el Hospital General Universitario de Elche y conocer el tipo de necesidades que cubren. Metodología: Investigación de tipo descriptivo y transversal, mediante 32 encuestas realizadas entre enero y febrero de 2008, en el Servicio de Medicina Interna. Se efectuó un análisis descriptivo y las variables fueron edad, sexo, ingresos económicos, vivienda, trabajo, parentesco del cuidador y permanencia en el centro hospitalario. Resultados: El perfil del cuidador informal corresponde a una mujer, con una media de edad de 54 años y que permanece todo el día en el hospital. Las necesidades que el cuidador distingue como más importantes estuvieron relacionadas con la compañía, la vigilancia y las necesidades básicas. Conclusiones: El perfil del cuidador familiar es de cónyuges o madres. La realización de las tareas de cuidador supone un gasto de tiempo, dinero, desgaste físico, psicológico y social. Parte de las necesidades del paciente son cubiertas por los cuidadores informales, que reciben poca información y asesoramiento del personal de enfermería sobre cómo realizarlas. Por tanto, ampliar la mirada enfermera es una exigencia y demanda de nuestra sociedad.The aim of this study is to describe the social profile of the family caregivers in the University General Hospital of Elche, and to know the sort of needs that they cater for. Methodology: This is a descriptive and transversal piece of research, performed by means of 32 surveys done between January and February 2008 in the Internal Medicine service. A descriptive analysis was carried out; such analysis bore in mind the following variables: the caregivers´ age, sex, income, dwelling, employment, their kinship with the patient and the lenght of stay at the hospital. Results: The profile of the average informal caregiver corresponds to a woman of approximately 54 years old who stays all day in

An evaluation of the student and tutor experience of a residential summer school event (OPTIMAX)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Higgins, Robert; Robinson, Leslie; Hogg, Peter

2014-01-01

Aim: To explore the experiences of students and tutors who participated in a residential multi-cultural and multi-professional 3 week summer school event (OPTIMAX). Method: A grounded theory approach was adopted. Two semi-structured focus group interviews (student and tutor) were conducted to explore participant experiences. Both focus groups were audio recorded and then transcribed and coded to identify the main themes and draw conclusions. Results: Inductive coding defined categories and sub-categories to explore the relationships within and between the two sets of focus group data. Discussion: OPTIMAX was seen a positive experience by both students and tutors and provided an opportunity to undertake team learning with peers from different countries or professional backgrounds. However, consideration needs to be given to team size and tutor leadership. Summary: By participating with international collaborative projects such as this, there is an opportunity to develop learning and explore current practices within radiography. - Highlights: • We explored the experiences of students and tutors during a summer school event. • This was a multi-cultural and multi-professional event. • It was found to be a valuable learning experience by both students and tutors. • Key to this was collaborative team learning by students. • However, consideration needs to be given to team size and tutor leadership

The Development of a Tutor Programme in a University Hall of Residence--A Case Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Beasley, V. J.

The tutor system within a university hall of residence at Flinders University of South Australia and a method of inquiry used to study the system are examined. Interviews with residence hall tutors revealed four concerns: the need for guidelines, the nature of academic tutoring, pastoral care and its implications, and communication channels within…

Facilitating Group Analysis of Two Case Studies Utilising Peer Tutoring: Comparison of Tasks and Outcomes

Science.gov (United States)

Fong, Lin Siew

2016-01-01

Peer-tutoring sessions of two groups of advanced diploma in financial accounting students with mixed proficiency were analysed thoroughly in this study. Numerous studies in peer tutoring have produced favourable results to both tutors and tutees due to the scaffolding process which promotes effective learning. However, there is a lack of studies…

Tutoring Mentoring Peer Consulting

OpenAIRE

Szczyrba, Birgit; Wildt, Johannes

2006-01-01

Consulting, Coaching und Supervision, Tutoring, Mentoring und kollegiale Beratung: Beratungsangebote verschiedenster Art werden wie selbstverständlich in den Berufen nachgefragt, die mit Beziehung und Interaktion, mit komplexen sozialen Organisationen und Systemen, mit hoher Verantwortlichkeit, aber unsicheren Handlungsbedingungen zu tun haben. Mittlerweile beginnt diese Nachfrage auch in den Hochschulen zu steigen. Eine solche Steigerung wird ausgelöst durch den Wandel in den Lehr-Lernkultur...

An adaptive signal-processing approach to online adaptive tutoring.

Science.gov (United States)

Bergeron, Bryan; Cline, Andrew

2011-01-01

Conventional intelligent or adaptive tutoring online systems rely on domain-specific models of learner behavior based on rules, deep domain knowledge, and other resource-intensive methods. We have developed and studied a domain-independent methodology of adaptive tutoring based on domain-independent signal-processing approaches that obviate the need for the construction of explicit expert and student models. A key advantage of our method over conventional approaches is a lower barrier to entry for educators who want to develop adaptive online learning materials.

An intelligent tutoring system for a power plant simulator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seifi, H.; Seifi, A.R. [Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran (Iran). Faculty of Engineering, Dept. of Electrical Engineers

2002-07-28

An intelligent tutoring system (ITS) is proposed for a power plant simulator. With a well designed ITS, the need for an instructor is minimized and the operator may readily and efficiently take, in real-time, the control of simulator with appropriate messages he(she) gets from the tutoring system. Using SIMULINK and based on object oriented programming (OOP) and C programming language, a fossil-fuelled power plant simulator with an ITS is proposed. Promising results are demonstrated for a typical power plant.

Are tutor-students capable of writing good biochemistry exams?

OpenAIRE

Alexandre B., Sé; Depto. Biologia Celular, UnB, Brasília, DF, 70910-900; Passos, Renato M.; Depto. Biologia Celular, UnB, Brasília, DF, 70910-900; Hermes-Lima, Marcelo; Depto. Biologia Celular, UnB, Brasília, DF, 70910-900

2004-01-01

In a previous article we described the relevance of student seminars for the learning process of appliedbiochemistry for medical and nutrition students (Hermes-Lima et al., Biochem. Mol.Biol.Educ. 30:30-34,2002). First semester students of a basic biochemistry course (BioBio) are divided in 10 groupsof 5 members, and each group is assigned to a specic topic (diabetes, cholesterol, etc) under thesupervision of a tutor-student. The tutors have already coursed BioBio and are currently undertakin...

Some Principles of Intelligent Tutoring.

Science.gov (United States)

Ohlsson, Stellan

1986-01-01

Research on intelligent tutoring systems is discussed from the point of view of providing moment-by-moment adaptation of content and form of instruction to the changing cognitive needs of individual learners. Implications of this goal for cognitive diagnosis, subject matter analysis, teaching tactics, and teaching strategies are analyzed. (Author)

The Military Language Tutor (MILT)

Science.gov (United States)

1998-11-01

interactive tutor in a Pentium based laptop computer. The first version of MILT with keyboard input was designed for Spanish and Arabic and can recognize... NLP ). The goal of the MILT design team was an authoring system which would require no formal external training and which could be learned within four

Possibilities and Limitations of the Application of Academic Tutoring in Poland

Science.gov (United States)

Krajewska, Anna; Kowalczuk-Waledziak, Marta

2014-01-01

In the face of mass education, the need to seek individualized methods of students' teaching-learning is increasing. That causes academic tutoring to become more and more popular in higher education all over the world. The article presents the theoretical background of tutoring, the results of research in that regard and the benefits of its…

25 CFR 36.90 - What recreation, academic tutoring, student safety, and health care services must homeliving...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What recreation, academic tutoring, student safety, and... What recreation, academic tutoring, student safety, and health care services must homeliving programs provide? All homeliving programs must provide for appropriate student safety, academic tutoring...

Experiência do cuidador no tratamento preventivo da criança exposta ao Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana

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Mariana Ramos da Silva

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo fue conocer la experiencia de cuidadores de niños verticalmente expuestos al Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana. Se utilizó el interaccionismo simbólico como marco teórico. Investigación cualitativa con recolección de datos en ambulatorio de una ciudad de São Paulo, Brasil, entre noviembre/2012 y agosto/2013 a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas con 12 madres y una abuela. Datos fueron analizados según el Análisis de Contenido. Cuidadores administraban antirretroviral al niño para prevenir infección por virus y percibieron buena aceptación de la medicación. El niño fue considerado saludable, y esperar por los resultados de pruebas generaba sufrimiento. Apoyo de la familia y del servicio de salud pública se destacaron como ayuda para seguir este camino lleno de prejuicios, falta de orientación, miedo e incapacidad de amamantar. El servicio de salud pública de la ciudad investigada intentó seguir los requisitos del protocolo establecido, pero, necesita de mejorías en la calidad del asesoramiento.

Gender differences in partner interactions during an after-school science peer tutoring program

Science.gov (United States)

Brei-Crawley, M. Jo

This teacher research study examined an after-school science program called SSTAR (Science Students Teaching as Resources) to determine if this program encourages early scientific involvement for girls, specifically the investigation of simple machines. SSTAR's overall goal was to develop scientific skills in fourth grade tutors who were partnered with second grade tutees. This study was conducted during two different SSTAR study sessions, identified as the pilot study (year one) and the expanded study (year two). The SSTAR program and the data collection instruments were refined and modified during this two-year process. Four data collection instruments were used to gather data and insights into this program; video-taped interactions between tutor and tutee, a writing assessment, a performance assessment and focus group discussions. The video taped partnership interactions found that tutors used similar instructional strategies and tutees gave similar response strategies. However, these strategies varied according to the gender of the partner. A written assessment, in the form of an open ended question was given to just the tutors at the beginning and end of their session. Additionally, a performance assessment was given. This assessment asked the tutors to construct a machine from the Legos(c) that were provided. This assessment was also done in a pretest/post-test format. Scores from the writing and performance assessment were then compared and the performance assessment showed more tutor growth in knowledge of simple machines than the writing assessment. Overall students made comments stating they enjoyed the SSTAR program and would sign up again. They had no preference for a same gender or opposite gender partner among either tutor or tutee discussions. All the data examined shows evidence that SSTAR was an effective program for tutor growth in the scientific area of simple machines. While the original study focus was specifically on girls, both genders

Identificação de fatores de risco cardiovascular em pais/cuidadores de crianças cardiopatas

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Camila Feijó Borges

2012-10-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: As doenças cardiovasculares representam uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade no mundo. No Brasil, constituem a principal causa de óbitos. OBJETIVO: Identificar fatores de risco cardiovasculares em pais/cuidadores de crianças cardiopatas, mediante avaliação do estado nutricional, condições de saúde e estilo de vida. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, com 150 pais ou cuidadores de crianças cardiopatas que frequentavam um ambulatório de cardiologia pediátrica. Dados de identificação, estilo de vida e condições de saúde foram coletados por meio de questionário estruturado. Para análise dos hábitos alimentares utilizou-se questionário de frequência alimentar, e para avaliação do estado nutricional foram realizadas aferições de peso, estatura e circunferência da cintura e cálculo e classificação do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 155 pais de crianças cardiopatas, predominantemente do sexo feminino, 91,6%; a média de idade foi 35,0 ± 10,6 anos. Os fatores de risco observados em maior prevalência foram sedentarismo (85,2%, obesidade (28% e hipertensão (22,6%. Em relação aos hábitos alimentares foi identificada elevada frequência de consumo de carne vermelha, margarina, azeite, açúcar e baixo consumo de peixes. A comparação entre os gêneros apresentou diferença significativa em relação à obesidade, detectada pelo IMC, e hipertensão, e ambas foram mais presentes entre mulheres. A medida da circunferência da cintura também evidenciou maior risco cardiovascular nas mulheres. CONCLUSÃO: Foram identificados fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares nos pais/cuidadores avaliados, como excesso de peso, sedentarismo e hipertensão, além de hábitos alimentares inadequados como elevada frequência de consumo de gorduras saturadas e colesterol e baixa frequência de consumo de gorduras insaturadas.

Escalas para avaliação da sobrecarga de cuidadores de pacientes com Acidente Vascular Encefálico Escalas para evaluación de la sobrecarga de cuidadores de pacientes con Accidente Vascular Encefálico Scales for evaluation of the overload of caregivers of patients with Stroke

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Ana Railka de Souza Oliveira

2012-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as escalas disponíveis na literatura para medir a sobrecarga de cuidadores de pacientes acometidos por acidente vascular encefálico. Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica nas três bases de dados: LILACS, CINAHL e SCOPUS. Selecionaram-se 23 trabalhos e identificaram-se 24 diferentes escalas. Destas, as mais citadas foram o Caregiver Strain Index, a Caregiver Burden Scale, a Caregiver Reaction Assessment, o Sense of Competence Questionnaire, a Relatives Stress Scale e a Zarit Burden Interview. O uso de escalas para mensurar a sobrecarga é uma ferramenta importante para avaliar o contexto no qual está inserido o cuidador, entretanto é mais fidedigno quando associado a outros instrumentos de mensuração. Portanto, é fundamental pesquisas de validação de escalas para essa população.El objetivo de esto estudio fue evaluar las escalas disponibles en literatura para evaluar la sobrecarga de cuidadores de pacientes acometidos por accidente vascular encefálico. Una revisión bibliográfica fue desarrollada en tres bases de datos: LILAS, CINAHL y SCOPUS. En 23 trabajos seleccionados, 24 diferentes escalas fueron identificadas, siendo las principales: el Caregiver Strain Index, la Caregiver Burden Scale, el Caregiver Reaction Assessment, el Sense of Competence Questionnaire, la Relatives Stress Scale y la Zarit Burden Interview. El uso de escalas para mensurar sobrecarga es una herramienta importante en el contexto donde se inserta el cuidador. Es más confiable utilizar más que uno instrumento de mensuración. Por esto, la validación de escalas es importante para esta población.The objective of the study was to evaluate the available productions in literature about scales to measure the overload of caregivers of patients with stroke. It was carried out a bibliographical revision in three databases: LILACS, CINAHL and SCOPUS. In 23 works, 24 different scales were identified, and the most cited were: the

Contemporary Tutorial Call: Using Purpose-Built Video as a Grammar Tutor

Science.gov (United States)

Merlo, Jarrad R.; Gruba, Paul A.

2015-01-01

Despite an increased emphasis on form-focused instruction (FFI), the use of the computer as a grammar tutor has remained largely unexamined for nearly two decades. With new technologies at hand, there is a need to take a fresh look at online grammar tutors and link designs more strongly to contemporary second language acquisition (SLA) principles…

Study of Personalized Network Tutoring System Based on Emotional-cognitive Interaction

Science.gov (United States)

Qi, Manfei; Ma, Ding; Wang, Wansen

Aiming at emotion deficiency in present Network tutoring system, a lot of negative effects is analyzed and corresponding countermeasures are proposed. The model of Personalized Network tutoring system based on Emotional-cognitive interaction is constructed in the paper. The key techniques of realizing the system such as constructing emotional model and adjusting teaching strategies are also introduced.

Developing a Structured Teaching Plan for Psychiatry Tutors at Oxford University

Science.gov (United States)

Al-Taiar, Hasanen

2014-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to examine the teaching ways I undertook in teaching medical students and to examine the use of a structured teaching plan for the academic and clinical tutors in psychiatry. The teaching plan was developed for use, initially by Oxford University Academic tutors at the Department of Psychiatry. In addition,…

Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT) Cloud/Virtual Open Campus Quick Start Guide (Revision 1)

Science.gov (United States)

2017-06-01

ARL-CR-0816 ● JUNE 2017 US Army Research Laboratory Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT) Cloud/Virtual Open...to the originator. ARL-CR-0816 ● JUNE 2017 US Army Research Laboratory Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT...January 2017 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT) Cloud/Virtual Open Campus Quick-Start Guide (Revision 1

SISTEMAS TUTORES INTELIGENTES COMO APOYO EN EL PROCESO DE APRENDIZAJE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edwin Eduardo Millan Rojas

2015-09-01

Full Text Available El objetivo principal de este artículo es la identificación de las principales características de los tutores inteligentes, su origen y evolución los cuales pueden ofrecer elementos para la formulación de nuevos proyectos de investigación relacionados con la educación y el uso de los tutores. El método utilizado es el descriptivo y sistémico, los cuales permiten recopilar los datos necesarios, la información presentada ha sido adquirida de bases de datos especializadas como IEEE, Redalyc, ACM y Science Direct, además de artículos de revistas de universidades internacionales y de proyectos de investigación descargados de Google Académico. Los Sistemas Tutores Inteligentes surgieron al combinar técnicas de inteligencia artificial (IA con los métodos clásicos de enseñanza. Estos son sistemas de software que generan un ambiente idóneo para la interacción y satisfacción de las necesidades del estudiante, adaptable a los conocimientos previos y a la capacidad de evolución de cada alumno respecto a un área del conocimiento. El funcionamiento de los STI se basa en la relación entre tres principales módulos (tutor, estudiante y dominio, para presentar al usuario la información de manera estructurada. La investigación llevada a cabo permitió reunir los aspectos más relevantes de los Sistemas Tutores Inteligentes (STI y presentarlos como una herramienta óptima para llevar a cabo un proceso de aprendizaje.

A pilot project of an online cross-age tutoring program: crescent school virtual learning (vLearning).

Science.gov (United States)

Chow, Ronald

2016-11-01

Traditional classroom teaching is the standard of education. However, there may be some students who feel uncomfortable approaching their teachers and may feel more at ease if they ask for assistance from their peers. There are two types of student-to-student tutoring methods that are supplements to classroom learning: peer tutoring between same-age students and cross-age tutoring between different-age children. Cross-age tutoring programs in which the tutor is 2-3 years older than the tutee have been reported to be more effective than those between same-age students in promoting student responsibility, empowerment and academic performance. A pilot online cross-age tutoring program was launched in September 2014 at Crescent School. A new website was designed, created and implemented with the permission and regular monitoring of the Student Services faculty for the online program - Crescent School Virtual Learning (vLearning). The program was well received and will undergo evaluation in the future.

Tutor system for the application of programming through intelligence analysis

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Ivelisse Teresa Machín-Torres

2017-05-01

Full Text Available The present article is part of a research for the development of an intelligent tutor system for the application of programming in the José Martí University of Sancti -Spíritus. The objective of the implementation of this system is to enhance the management knowledge related to programming issues and improve the orientation in solving problems in the university. In order to carry out the implementation of the intelligent tutoring system, the intelligent tutor systems currently in the programming area described the tools and technologies used in the developed solution (methodology, patterns, softwares, programming languages, etc.. It allowed an efficient implementation in a short time of the proposed system. The foregoing is reflected positively in a better student satisfaction and therefore in a higher performance in the teaching-learning process of the university.