Study of the origin of elements of the uranium-235 family observed in excess in the vicinity of the experimental nuclear EL4 reactor under dismantling. Lessons got at this day and conclusions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2007-01-01

This study resumes the discovery of an excess of actinium 227 found around by EL4 nuclear reactor actually in dismantling. The search for the origin of this excess revealed a real inquiry of investigation during three years. Because a nuclear reactor existed in this area a particular attention will have concerned this region. The doubt became the line of conduct to find the answer to the human or natural origin of this excess. Finally and against any evidence, it appears that the origin of this phenomenon was natural, consequence of the particular local geology. The detail of the different investigations is given: search of a possible correlation with the composition of elevations constituent of lanes, search (and underlining) of new sites in the surroundings of the Rusquec pond and the Plouenez station, study of the atmospheric deposits under winds of the nuclear power plant and in the east direction, search of a possible relationship with the gaseous effluents of the nuclear power plant in the past, historical study of radioactive effluents releases in the fifty last years by the analysis of the sedimentary deposits in the Saint-Herbiot reservoir, search of a possible correlation between the excess of actinium 227 and the nuclear power plant activity; search of a possible correlation with a human activity without any relationship with the nuclear activities, search of a correlation with the underground waters, search of a correlation with the geological context, collect of information on the possible transfers in direction of the food chain, determination of the radiological composition of the underground waters ( not perturbed by human activity), search of the cause of an excess of actinium 227 in the old channel of liquid effluents release of the nuclear power plant. The results are given and discussed. And contrary to all expectations the origin of the excess of actinium 227 is completely natural. (N.C.)

Sorption studies of radioelements on geological materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Berry, John A.; Yui, Mikazu; Kitamura, Akira

2007-11-01

Batch sorption experiments have been carried out to study the sorption of uranium, technetium, curium, neptunium, actinium, protactinium, polonium, americium and plutonium onto bentonite, granodiorite and tuff. Mathematical modelling using the HARPHRQ program and the HATCHES database was carried out to predict the speciation of uranium and technetium in the equilibrated seawater, and neptunium, americium and plutonium in the rock equilibrated water. Review of the literature for thermodynamic data for curium, actinium, protactinium and polonium was carried out. Where sufficient data were available, predictions of the speciation and solubility were made. This report is a summary report of the experimental work conducted by AEA Technology during April 1991-March 1998, and the main results have been presented at Material Research Society Symposium Proceedings and published as proceedings of them. (author)

Status of liquid metal reactor development in the United States of America

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Griffith, J.D.; Horton, K.E.

1991-01-01

An existing network of government and industry research facilities and engineering test centers in the United States is currently providing test capabilities and the technical expertise required to conduct an aggressive advanced reactor development program. Subsequent to the directive to shut down the Fast Flux Test Facility in early 1990, a variety of activities were undertaken to provide support for continued operation. The United States has made substantial progress in achieving ALMR program objectives. The metal fuel cycle is designed to recycle and burn its own actiniums, and has the potential to be a very effective burner of actiniums generated in the LWRs. The current emphasis in the IFR Program is on the comprehensive development of the IFR (Integral Fast Reactor) technology, to be followed by a period of technology demonstration which would verify the economic feasibility of the concept. The United States has been active in international cooperative activities in the fast reactor sector since 1969. (author). 11 figs, 1 tab

A Radium-223 microgenerator from cyclotron-produced trace Actinium-227

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abou, Diane S.; Pickett, Juile; Mattson, John E.; Thorek, Daniel L.J.

2017-01-01

The alpha particle emitter Radium-223 dichloride ("2"2"3RaCl_2) has recently been approved for treatment of late-stage bone metastatic prostate cancer. There is considerable interest in studying this new agent outside of the clinical setting, however the supply of "2"2"3Ra is limited and expensive. We have engineered a "2"2"3Ra microgenerator using traces of "2"2"7Ac previously generated from cyclotron-produced "2"2"5Ac. Radiochemically pure "2"2"3RaCl_2 was made, characterized, evaluated in vivo, and the source was recovered in high yield for regeneration of the microgenerator. - Highlights: • A "2"2"3Ra microgenerator was built using residual "2"2"7Ac from cyclotron-produced "2"2"5Ac. • Following "2"2"5Ac decay, the residual "2"2"7Ac was processed into pure "2"2"3Ra. • "2"2"7Ac and "2"2"7Th were recovered in high yield for a permanent supply of "2"2"3Ra. • Clinically supplied and generator-produced "2"2"3Ra have equivalent in vivo distribution. • Microdose column provides sufficient material for research use.

Actinide metals

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brown, Paul L. [Geochem Australia, Kiama, NSW (Australia); Ekberg, Christian [Chalmers Univ. of Technology, Goeteborg (Sweden). Nuclear Chemistry/Industrial Materials Recycling

2016-07-01

All isotopes of actinium are radioactive and exist in aqueous solution only in the trivalent state. There have been very few studies on the hydrolytic reactions of actinium(III). The hydrolysis reactions for uranium would only be important in alkaline pH conditions. Thermodynamic parameters for the hydrolysis species of uranium(VI) and its oxide and hydroxide phases can be determined from the stability and solubility constants. The hydrolytic behaviour of neptunium(VI) is quite similar to that of uranium(VI). The solubility constant of NpO{sub 2}OH(am) has been reported a number of times for both zero ionic strength and in fixed ionic strength media. Americium can form four oxidation states in aqueous solution, namely trivalent, tetravalent, pentavalent and hexavalent. Desire, Hussonnois and Guillaumont determined stability constants for the species AmOH{sup 2+} for the actinides, plutonium(III), americium(III), curium(III), berkelium(III) and californium(III) using a solvent extraction technique.

Actinide metals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brown, Paul L.; Ekberg, Christian

2016-01-01

All isotopes of actinium are radioactive and exist in aqueous solution only in the trivalent state. There have been very few studies on the hydrolytic reactions of actinium(III). The hydrolysis reactions for uranium would only be important in alkaline pH conditions. Thermodynamic parameters for the hydrolysis species of uranium(VI) and its oxide and hydroxide phases can be determined from the stability and solubility constants. The hydrolytic behaviour of neptunium(VI) is quite similar to that of uranium(VI). The solubility constant of NpO 2 OH(am) has been reported a number of times for both zero ionic strength and in fixed ionic strength media. Americium can form four oxidation states in aqueous solution, namely trivalent, tetravalent, pentavalent and hexavalent. Desire, Hussonnois and Guillaumont determined stability constants for the species AmOH 2+ for the actinides, plutonium(III), americium(III), curium(III), berkelium(III) and californium(III) using a solvent extraction technique.

Formation and evolution of ultrafine particles produced by radiolysis and photolysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Madelaine, G.J.; Perrin, M.L.; Renoux, A.

1980-01-01

Results are presented, concerning the formation, the size distribution, and the behavior of ultrafine particles produced by alpha disintegration of actinium and uv irradiation in filtered and natural atmospheric air. The characterization of these particles is obtained by electrical aerosol analyzer and diffusion battery method. Measurements are made in the range between 0.003 and 0.5 micrometer. Some qualitative indications are obtained on the different mechanisms which govern the evolution of ultrafine particles in the atmosphere (nucleation, coagulation, and condensation). It is now well established that the photo-oxydation of SO 2 in the atmosphere leads to the production of sulphuric acid and of sulphate, which are usually found in the form of submicronic particles. This paper concerns the evolution of ultrafine particles generated in the presence of a preexisting aerosol. They are either instantaneously produced by the alpha disintegrations of actinium 219 or continuously produced by the transformation of SO 2 under uv irradiation

DISSOLVED CONCENTRATION LIMITS OF RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

P. Bernot

2005-07-13

The purpose of this study is to evaluate dissolved concentration limits (also referred to as solubility limits) of elements with radioactive isotopes under probable repository conditions, based on geochemical modeling calculations using geochemical modeling tools, thermodynamic databases, field measurements, and laboratory experiments. The scope of this activity is to predict dissolved concentrations or solubility limits for elements with radioactive isotopes (actinium, americium, carbon, cesium, iodine, lead, neptunium, plutonium, protactinium, radium, strontium, technetium, thorium, and uranium) relevant to calculated dose. Model outputs for uranium, plutonium, neptunium, thorium, americium, and protactinium are provided in the form of tabulated functions with pH and log fCO{sub 2} as independent variables, plus one or more uncertainty terms. The solubility limits for the remaining elements are either in the form of distributions or single values. Even though selection of an appropriate set of radionuclides documented in Radionuclide Screening (BSC 2002 [DIRS 160059]) includes actinium, transport of Ac is not modeled in the total system performance assessment for the license application (TSPA-LA) model because of its extremely short half-life. Actinium dose is calculated in the TSPA-LA by assuming secular equilibrium with {sup 231}Pa (Section 6.10); therefore, Ac is not analyzed in this report. The output data from this report are fundamental inputs for TSPA-LA used to determine the estimated release of these elements from waste packages and the engineered barrier system. Consistent modeling approaches and environmental conditions were used to develop solubility models for the actinides discussed in this report. These models cover broad ranges of environmental conditions so they are applicable to both waste packages and the invert. Uncertainties from thermodynamic data, water chemistry, temperature variation, and activity coefficients have been quantified or

DISSOLVED CONCENTRATION LIMITS OF RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

P. Bernot

2005-01-01

The purpose of this study is to evaluate dissolved concentration limits (also referred to as solubility limits) of elements with radioactive isotopes under probable repository conditions, based on geochemical modeling calculations using geochemical modeling tools, thermodynamic databases, field measurements, and laboratory experiments. The scope of this activity is to predict dissolved concentrations or solubility limits for elements with radioactive isotopes (actinium, americium, carbon, cesium, iodine, lead, neptunium, plutonium, protactinium, radium, strontium, technetium, thorium, and uranium) relevant to calculated dose. Model outputs for uranium, plutonium, neptunium, thorium, americium, and protactinium are provided in the form of tabulated functions with pH and log fCO 2 as independent variables, plus one or more uncertainty terms. The solubility limits for the remaining elements are either in the form of distributions or single values. Even though selection of an appropriate set of radionuclides documented in Radionuclide Screening (BSC 2002 [DIRS 160059]) includes actinium, transport of Ac is not modeled in the total system performance assessment for the license application (TSPA-LA) model because of its extremely short half-life. Actinium dose is calculated in the TSPA-LA by assuming secular equilibrium with 231 Pa (Section 6.10); therefore, Ac is not analyzed in this report. The output data from this report are fundamental inputs for TSPA-LA used to determine the estimated release of these elements from waste packages and the engineered barrier system. Consistent modeling approaches and environmental conditions were used to develop solubility models for the actinides discussed in this report. These models cover broad ranges of environmental conditions so they are applicable to both waste packages and the invert. Uncertainties from thermodynamic data, water chemistry, temperature variation, and activity coefficients have been quantified or otherwise

LASL experience in decontamination of the environment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahlquist, A.J.

1981-01-01

This discussion represents one part of a major effort in soil decontamination at the Los Alamos site. A contaminated industrial waste line in the Los Alamos townsite was removed, and a plutonium incineration facility, and a filter building contaminated with actinium-227 were dismantled. The former plutonium handling facility has been decontaminated, and canyons and an old firing site contaminated with strontium-90 have been surveyed

A study of uranium and thorium migration at the Koongarra uranium deposit with application to actinide transport from nuclear waste repositories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Payne, T.E.

1991-01-01

One way to gain confidence in modelling possible radionuclide releases is to study natural systems which are similar to components of the multibarrier waste repository. Several such analogues are currently under study and these provide useful data about radionuclide behaviour in the natural environment. One such system is the Koongarra uranium deposit in the Northern Territory. In this dissertation, the migration of actinides, primarily uranium and thorium, has been studied as an analogue for the behaviour of transuranics in the far-field of a waste repository. The major findings of this study are: 1. the main process retarding uranium migration in the dispersion fan at Koongarra is sorption, which suppresses dissolved uranium concentrations well below solubility limits, with ferrihydrite being a major sorbing phase; 2. thorium is extremely immobile, with very low dissolved concentrations and corresponding high distribution ratios for 230 Th. Overall, it is estimated that colloids are relatively unimportant in Koongarra groundwater. Uranium migrates mostly as dissolved species, whereas thorium and actinium are mostly adsorbed to larger, relatively immobile particles and the stationary phase. However, of the small amount of 230 Th that passes through a 1μm filter, a significant proportion is associated with colloidal particles. Actinium appears to be slightly more mobile than thorium and is associated with colloids to a greater extent, although generally present in low concentrations. These results support the possibility of colloidal transport of trivalent and tetravalent actinides in the vicinity of a nuclear waste repository. 112 refs., 23 tabs., 32 figs

An aerial radiological survey of the Sandia National Laboratories and surrounding area

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Riedhauser, S.R.

1994-06-01

A team from the Remote Sensing Laboratory conducted an aerial radiological survey of the area surrounding the Sandia National Laboratories and Kirtland Air Force Base in Albuquerque, New Mexico, during March and April 1993. The survey team measured the terrestrial gamma radiation at the site to determine the levels of natural and man-made radiation. This survey includes the areas covered by a previous survey in 1981. The results of the aerial survey show a background exposure rate which varies between 5 and 18 μR/h plus an approximate 6 μR/h contribution from cosmic rays. The major radioactive isotopes found in this survey were: potassium-40, thallium-208, bismuth-214, and actinium-228, which are all naturally-occurring isotopes, and cobalt-60, cesium-137, and excess amounts of thallium-208 and actinium-228, which are due to human actions in the survey area. In regions away from man-made activity, the exposure rates inferred from this survey's gamma ray measurements agree almost exactly with the exposure rates inferred from the 1981 survey. In addition to the aerial measurements, another survey team conducted in situ and soil sample radiation measurements at three sites within the survey perimeter. These ground-based measurements agree with the aerial measurements within ± 5%

Determination of radionuclides in discharged water from gold ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Long-lived radionuclides from the Uranium-, Thorium- and Actinium-decay chains in the discharged water into the environment were radiochemically separated and the activity concentrations determined for 238U-series ranged from 3.8 ± 1.5 to 178 ± 19 mBqL-1, 232Th-series ranged from < 2.0 to 47.8 ± 7.3 mBqL-1 and ...

Purification of radium-226 for the manufacturing of actinium-225 in a cyclotron for alpha-immunotherapy; Radium-Aufreinigung zur Herstellung von Actinium-225 am Zyklotron fuer die Alpha-Immuntherapie

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Marx, Sebastian Markus

2014-09-23

The thesis describes the development of methods for the purification of Ra-226. The objective was to obtain the radionuclide in the quality that is needed to be used as starting material in the manufacturing process for Ac-225 via proton-irradiated Ra-226. The radionuclide has been gained efficiently out of huge excesses of impurities. The high purity of the obtained radium affords its use as staring material in a pharmaceutical manufacturing process.

A neutron source of variable fluence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brachet, Guy; Demichel, Pascal; Prigent, Yvon; Riche, J.C.

1975-01-01

The invention concerns a variable fluence neutron source, like those that use in the known way a reaction between a radioactive emitter and a target, particularly of type (α,n). The emitter being in powder form lies in a carrier fluid forming the target, inside a closed containment. Facilities are provided to cause the fluidisation of the emitter by the carrier fluid in the containment. The fluidisation of the emitting powder is carried out by a booster with blades, actuated from outside by a magnetic coupling. The powder emitter is a α emitter selected in the group of curium, plutonium, thorium, actinium and americium oxides and the target fluid is formed of compounds of light elements selected from the group of beryllium, boron, fluorine and oxygen 18. The target fluid is a gas used under pressure or H 2 O water highly enriched in oxygen 18 [fr

Purification of cerium, neodymium and gadolinium for low background experiments

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Boiko R.S.

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Cerium, neodymium and gadolinium contain double beta active isotopes. The most interesting are 150Nd and 160Gd (promising for 0ν2β search, 136Ce (2β+ candidate with one of the highest Q2β. The main problem of compounds containing lanthanide elements is their high radioactive contamination by uranium, radium, actinium and thorium. The new generation 2β experiments require development of methods for a deep purification of lanthanides from the radioactive elements. A combination of physical and chemical methods was applied to purify cerium, neodymium and gadolinium. Liquid-liquid extraction technique was used to remove traces of Th and U from neodymium, gadolinium and for purification of cerium from Th, U, Ra and K. Co-precipitation and recrystallization methods were utilized for further reduction of the impurities. The radioactive contamination of the samples before and after the purification was tested by using ultra-low-background HPGe gamma spectrometry. As a result of the purification procedure the radioactive contamination of gadolinium oxide (a similar purification efficiency was reached also with cerium and neodymium oxides was decreased from 0.12 Bq/kg to 0.007 Bq/kg in 228Th, from 0.04 Bq/kg to <0.006 Bq/kg in 226Ra, and from 0.9 Bq/kg to 0.04 Bq/kg in 40K. The purification methods are much less efficient for chemically very similar radioactive elements like actinium, lanthanum and lutetium.

Shape of intrinsic alpha pulse height spectra in lanthanide halide scintillators

Science.gov (United States)

Wolszczak, W.; Dorenbos, P.

2017-06-01

Internal contamination with actinium-227 and its daughters is a serious drawback in low-background applications of lanthanide-based scintillators. In this work we showed the important role of nuclear γ de-excitations on the shape of the internal alpha spectrum measured in scintillators. We calculated with Bateman equations the activities of contamination isotopes and the time evolution of actinium-227 and its progenies. Next, we measured the intrinsic background spectra of LaBr3(Ce), LaBr3(Ce,Sr) and CeBr3 with a digital spectroscopy technique, and we analyzed them with a pulse shape discrimination method (PSD) and a time-amplitude analysis. Finally, we simulated the α background spectrum with Geant4 tool-kit, consequently taking into account complex α-γ-electron events, the α / β ratio dependence on the α energy, and the electron/γ nonproportionality. We found that α-γ mixed events have higher light yield than expected for alpha particles alone, which leads to overestimation of the α / β ratio when it is measured with internal 227Th and 223Ra isotopes. The time-amplitude analysis showed that the α peaks of 219Rn and 215Po in LaBr3(Ce) and LaBr3(Ce,Sr) are not symmetric. We compared the simulation results with the measured data and provided further evidence of the important role of mixed α-γ-electron events for understanding the shape of the internal α spectrum in scintillators.

'Masurium' and the 'early transuranium elements' or how discovery of nuclear fission was not clearly seen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Keller, C.

1988-01-01

Fifty years after the discovery of fission, the scientific community is aware that this type of nuclear reaction could have been discovered more than a decade earlier. Noddack, Tacke and Berg announced in 1925 the discovery of elements Z = 43 (masurium) and rhenium (Z = 75), the first one could be detected only in U-bearing minerals. A recent re-examination by P.H.M. von Assche of the published data clearly showed that the original claim for element Z = 43 of the authors in 1925 was correct and, therefore, they detected not only element Z = 43 but also the first fission product. Because this discovery of element Z = 43 could not be repeated by other authors as that time, the scientific credibility of Noddack-Tacke was very low in order to give credit to her proposal that the 'early' transuranium elements by Enrico Fermi might also be fragments of known (lighter) elements. Enrico Fermi in 1934 obtained these 'early' (and as we today know: wrong) transuranium isotopes by irradiation of uranium with neutrons. A 'wrong' periodic system in the thirties which placed Th, Pa and U as 6d-elements and not as 5f-actinides chemically helped to consider these fission products as transuranium elements Z = 93/94. In 1937/38 I. Curie and P. Savitch discovered an 'actinium-nuclide' with 3,5 h half-life which, however, had properties similar to lanthanium and not to actinium, as they stated. (orig.) [de

Actinides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martinot, L.; Fuger, J.

1985-01-01

The oxidation behavior of the actinides is explained on the basis of their electronic structure. The actinide elements, actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium, neptunium, plutonium, americium, curium, berkelium, californium, einsteinium, fermium, mendelevium, nobelium, and laurencium are included. For all except the last three elements, the points of discussion are oxidation states, Gibbs energies and potentials, and potential diagram for the element in acid solution; and thermodynamic properties of these same elements are tabulated. References are cited following discussion of each element with a total of 97 references being cited. 13 tables

Status of the lanthanides and actinides in the periodic table

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Holden, N.E.

1985-01-01

In extended discussions and correspondence with Ekkehard Fluck, the author was made aware of a problem with the Periodic Table, i.e., which element should be shown in the main table as the representative of the lanthanide series and the actinide series. In earlier discussion, he came to the conclusion that lanthanum and actinium are not the elements which should appear, but rather lutetium and lawrencium are more appropriate for inclusion in their place. This paper will attempt to justify the reasons for the above conclusions. 4 refs

Radiometric determination of {sup 226}, {sup 228}Ac and {sup 40}K in fly ashes and building materials

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Harangozo, M; Toelgyessy, J; Lesny, J; Cik, G [Slovak Technical Univ., Bratislava (Slovakia). Fac. of Chemical Technology, Dept. of Environmental Science

1996-12-31

In this paper the activities of radium-226, actinium-228 and potassium-40 in fly ashes and building materials of Slovakia were determined. Different origin of coals combusted results in significant differences in specific activities of radium-226 and activities-228 of measured fly-ashes and building materials. The knowledge of the specific activity of selected nuclides contained in fly-ashes is, therefore, very important and in specific cases can indicate the possibilities of their further technological use. (J.K.) 1 tab., 3 refs.

Origin of elements of the Uranium-235 family observed in the Ellez river near the EL-4 experimental nuclear reactor in dismantling (Monts d'Arree- Finistere department); Origine des elements de la famille de l'uranium-235 observes dans la riviere Ellez a proximite du reacteur nucleaire experimental EL4 en cours de demantelement (Mont d'Arree - departement du Finistere). Resultats et premiers constats annee 2006

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2006-07-01

In a previous study which concerned the catchment basin of the harbour of Brest, the A.C.R.O. put in evidence a marking by artificial radioelements around the power plant of Brennilis which can be imputed without ambiguities to the nuclear installation. It also put in evidence abnormalities concerning the natural radioactivity which justifies this new study. In the area of the Monts d'Arree, actinium 227 ({sup 227}Ac), non born by its ascendents which are {sup 235}U and {sup 231}Pa is observed. This phenomenon is characterized by mass activities superior to these ones of {sup 235}U and able to reach these ones of {sup 238}U. Its presence corresponds with the drainage of the Ellez river since the former channel of radioactive effluents releases from the nuclear power plant EL-4 up to the reservoir Saint-Herblot situated 6 km downstream. The strongest values of radioactivity are registered near the disused power plant, at this place a relationship exists between the level of actinium 227 and this one of the artificial radioactivity as it exists a relationship with the decay products of radon exhaled from the subsoil ({sup 210}Pb). But its presence is not limited to a part of the Ellez river, it is equally observed in terrestrial medium, in places in priori not influenced by the direct liquid effluents of the power plant. This place is situated at more than 4 km and without any connection with the Ellez waters. At this stage of the study, it is not possible to answer with certainty the question of the origin of this phenomenon. A new reorientation is considered indispensable to clarify definitively the origin of this unknown phenomenon in the scientific publications and the environmental monitoring. (N.C.)

An eighteen-membered macrocyclic ligand for actinium-225 targeted alpha therapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thiele, Nikki A.; MacMillan, Samantha N.; Wilson, Justin J.; Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Cristina

2017-01-01

The 18-membered macrocycle H 2 macropa was investigated for 225 Ac chelation in targeted alpha therapy (TAT). Radiolabeling studies showed that macropa, at submicromolar concentration, complexed all 225 Ac (26 kBq) in 5 min at RT. [ 225 Ac(macropa)] + remained intact over 7 to 8 days when challenged with either excess La 3+ ions or human serum, and did not accumulate in any organ after 5 h in healthy mice. A bifunctional analogue, macropa-NCS, was conjugated to trastuzumab as well as to the prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeting compound RPS-070. Both constructs rapidly radiolabeled 225 Ac in just minutes at RT, and macropa-Tmab retained >99 % of its 225 Ac in human serum after 7 days. In LNCaP xenograft mice, 225 Ac-macropa-RPS-070 was selectively targeted to tumors and did not release free 225 Ac over 96 h. These findings establish macropa to be a highly promising ligand for 225 Ac chelation that will facilitate the clinical development of 225 Ac TAT for the treatment of soft-tissue metastases. (copyright 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

An eighteen-membered macrocyclic ligand for actinium-225 targeted alpha therapy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thiele, Nikki A.; MacMillan, Samantha N.; Wilson, Justin J. [Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Brown, Victoria; Jermilova, Una; Ramogida, Caterina F.; Robertson, Andrew K.H.; Schaffer, Paul; Radchenko, Valery [TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada). Life Science Div.; Kelly, James M.; Amor-Coarasa, Alejandro; Nikolopoulou, Anastasia; Ponnala, Shashikanth; Williams, Clarence Jr.; Babich, John W. [Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY (United States); Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Cristina [British Columbia Univ., Vancouver, BC (Canada). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for Comparative Medicine

2017-11-13

The 18-membered macrocycle H{sub 2}macropa was investigated for {sup 225}Ac chelation in targeted alpha therapy (TAT). Radiolabeling studies showed that macropa, at submicromolar concentration, complexed all {sup 225}Ac (26 kBq) in 5 min at RT. [{sup 225}Ac(macropa)]{sup +} remained intact over 7 to 8 days when challenged with either excess La{sup 3+} ions or human serum, and did not accumulate in any organ after 5 h in healthy mice. A bifunctional analogue, macropa-NCS, was conjugated to trastuzumab as well as to the prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeting compound RPS-070. Both constructs rapidly radiolabeled {sup 225}Ac in just minutes at RT, and macropa-Tmab retained >99 % of its {sup 225}Ac in human serum after 7 days. In LNCaP xenograft mice, {sup 225}Ac-macropa-RPS-070 was selectively targeted to tumors and did not release free {sup 225}Ac over 96 h. These findings establish macropa to be a highly promising ligand for {sup 225}Ac chelation that will facilitate the clinical development of {sup 225}Ac TAT for the treatment of soft-tissue metastases. (copyright 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Calculation of entropy of liquid metals using acoustic measurements in the framework of the rigid sphere model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tekuchev, V.V.; Barashkov, B.I.; Rygalov, L.N.; Dolzhikov, Yu.S.

2001-01-01

For the first time one obtained the polytherms of ultrasound velocity for liquid high-melting metals within wide temperature range. In terms of the rigid sphere model on the basis of the acoustic data one calculated the entropy values for 34 liquid metals at the melting point. The average discrepancy of the calculated values of entropy with the published one constitutes 8.2%. With increase of metal valency the error increases from 2.8 up to 13%. In case of francium, radium, promethium, actinium, hafnium, polonium, rhenium one obtained data for the first time [ru

Journal of Naval Science. Volume 2. Number 3. July 1976

Science.gov (United States)

1976-07-01

supplementary food to the beakers containing stage VI nauplii: cyprids do not feed. The larvae in each beaker were con- fined within a close-fitting plastic...99-274% of Natural U) Uranium-234 (234U) (0-006% of Natural U) 2-48 X 10"’yrs Thorium-230 (230Th) Polonium -218(2I8Po) /through short lived...Natural U) Actinium-227 (--7Ac) FIG. 1. Nuclide chart. 4-51 X 10’Yrs 7 hours P 8 X 10’ Yrs 4 days Lead- 210 (210Pb) (22 yrs,/3"). 1-39 X 10

Purification of radium-226 for the manufacturing of actinium-225 in a cyclotron for alpha-immunotherapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marx, Sebastian Markus

2014-01-01

The thesis describes the development of methods for the purification of Ra-226. The objective was to obtain the radionuclide in the quality that is needed to be used as starting material in the manufacturing process for Ac-225 via proton-irradiated Ra-226. The radionuclide has been gained efficiently out of huge excesses of impurities. The high purity of the obtained radium affords its use as staring material in a pharmaceutical manufacturing process.

origin of elements of the Uranium-235 family observed in the Ellez river near the EL-4 experimental nuclear reactor in dismantling (Monts d'Arree- Finistere department)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2006-01-01

In a previous study which concerned the catchment basin of the harbour of Brest, the A.C.R.O. put in evidence a marking by artificial radioelements around the power plant of Brennilis which can be imputed without ambiguities to the nuclear installation. It also put in evidence abnormalities concerning the natural radioactivity which justifies this new study. In the area of the Monts d'Arree, actinium 227 ( 227 Ac), non born by its ascendents which are 235 U and 231 Pa is observed. This phenomenon is characterized by mass activities superior to these ones of 235 U and able to reach these ones of 238 U. Its presence corresponds with the drainage of the Ellez river since the former channel of radioactive effluents releases from the nuclear power plant EL-4 up to the reservoir Saint-Herblot situated 6 km downstream. The strongest values of radioactivity are registered near the disused power plant, at this place a relationship exists between the level of actinium 227 and this one of the artificial radioactivity as it exists a relationship with the decay products of radon exhaled from the subsoil ( 210 Pb). But its presence is not limited to a part of the Ellez river, it is equally observed in terrestrial medium, in places in priori not influenced by the direct liquid effluents of the power plant. This place is situated at more than 4 km and without any connection with the Ellez waters. At this stage of the study, it is not possible to answer with certainty the question of the origin of this phenomenon. A new reorientation is considered indispensable to clarify definitively the origin of this unknown phenomenon in the scientific publications and the environmental monitoring. (N.C.)

Radionuclide interactions with marine sediments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Higgo, J.J.W.

1987-09-01

A critical review of the literature on the subject of the interactions of radionuclides with marine sediments has been carried out. On the basis of the information available, an attempt has been made to give ranges and 'best estimates' for the distribution ratios between seawater and sediments. These estimates have been based on an understanding of the sediment seawater system and the porewater chemistry and mineralogy. Field measurements, laboratory measurements and estimates based on stable-element geochemical data are all taken into account. Laboratory measurements include distribution-ratio and diffusion-coefficient determinations. The elements reviewed are carbon, chlorine, calcium, nickel, selenium, strontium, zirconium, niobium, technetium, tin, iodine, caesium, lead, radium, actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium, neptunium, plutonium, americium and curium. (author)

Dissolved Concentration Limits of Radioactive Elements

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Y. Chen; E.R. Thomas; F.J. Pearson; P.L. Cloke; T.L. Steinborn; P.V. Brady

2003-06-20

The purpose of this study is to evaluate dissolved concentration limits (also referred to as solubility limits) of radioactive elements under possible repository conditions, based on geochemical modeling calculations using geochemical modeling tools, thermodynamic databases, and measurements made in laboratory experiments and field work. The scope of this modeling activity is to predict dissolved concentrations or solubility limits for 14 radioactive elements (actinium, americium, carbon, cesium, iodine, lead, neptunium, plutonium, protactinium, radium, strontium, technetium, thorium, and uranium), which are important to calculated dose. Model outputs are mainly in the form of look-up tables plus one or more uncertainty terms. The rest are either in the form of distributions or single values. The results of this analysis are fundamental inputs for total system performance assessment to constrain the release of these elements from waste packages and the engineered barrier system. Solubilities of plutonium, neptunium, uranium, americium, actinium, thorium, protactinium, lead, and radium have been re-evaluated using the newly updated thermodynamic database (Data0.ymp.R2). For all of the actinides, identical modeling approaches and consistent environmental conditions were used to develop solubility models in this revision. These models cover broad ranges of environmental conditions so that they are applicable to both waste packages and the invert. Uncertainties from thermodynamic data, water chemistry, temperature variation, activity coefficients, and selection of solubility controlling phase have been quantified or otherwise addressed. Moreover, a new blended plutonium solubility model has been developed in this revision, which gives a mean solubility that is three orders of magnitude lower than the plutonium solubility model used for the Total System Performance Assessment for the Site Recommendation. Two alternative neptunium solubility models have also been

Dissolved Concentration Limits of Radioactive Elements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Y. Chen; E.R. Thomas; F.J. Pearson; P.L. Cloke; T.L. Steinborn; P.V. Brady

2003-01-01

The purpose of this study is to evaluate dissolved concentration limits (also referred to as solubility limits) of radioactive elements under possible repository conditions, based on geochemical modeling calculations using geochemical modeling tools, thermodynamic databases, and measurements made in laboratory experiments and field work. The scope of this modeling activity is to predict dissolved concentrations or solubility limits for 14 radioactive elements (actinium, americium, carbon, cesium, iodine, lead, neptunium, plutonium, protactinium, radium, strontium, technetium, thorium, and uranium), which are important to calculated dose. Model outputs are mainly in the form of look-up tables plus one or more uncertainty terms. The rest are either in the form of distributions or single values. The results of this analysis are fundamental inputs for total system performance assessment to constrain the release of these elements from waste packages and the engineered barrier system. Solubilities of plutonium, neptunium, uranium, americium, actinium, thorium, protactinium, lead, and radium have been re-evaluated using the newly updated thermodynamic database (Data0.ymp.R2). For all of the actinides, identical modeling approaches and consistent environmental conditions were used to develop solubility models in this revision. These models cover broad ranges of environmental conditions so that they are applicable to both waste packages and the invert. Uncertainties from thermodynamic data, water chemistry, temperature variation, activity coefficients, and selection of solubility controlling phase have been quantified or otherwise addressed. Moreover, a new blended plutonium solubility model has been developed in this revision, which gives a mean solubility that is three orders of magnitude lower than the plutonium solubility model used for the Total System Performance Assessment for the Site Recommendation. Two alternative neptunium solubility models have also been

The marine geochemistry of actinium-227: Evidence for its migration through sediment pore water

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nozaki, Yoshiyuki; Yamada, Masatoshi; Nikaido, Hirofumi

1990-01-01

227 Ac with a half life of 21.8 years has a potential utility as a tracer of deep water circulation and mixing studies on time scales less than 100 years. Here the authors present the first measurement of 227 Ac profile in the pore water of Northwest Pacific deep-sea sediment and in the ∼10,000 m long water column of Izu-Ogasawara Trench. The results clearly show that 227 Ac is supplied from the sediment to the overlying water through migration in the pore water. The model calculation indicates that the molecular diffusion alone through sediment porewater can support only a half of the standing crop of excess 227 Ac in the water column and the enhanced supply of 227 Ac by particle mixing is necessary to account for the remainder. Thus, bioturbation in the deep sea plays an important role in controlling the flux of some short-lived radionuclides such as 227 Ac and 228 Ra across the sediment-water interface

How fission was discovered

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fluegge, S.

1989-01-01

After the great survey of neutron induced radioactivity by Fermi and co-workers, the laboratories in Paris and Berlin-Dahlen tried to disentangle the complex results found in uranium. At that time neutron sources were small, activities low, and equipment very simple. Chemistry beyond uranium still was unknown. Hahn and Meitner believed to have observed three transuranic isomeric chains, a doubtful result even then. Early in 1938, Curie and Savic in Paris found an activity interpreted to be actinium, and Hahn and Meitner another to be radium. Both interpretations seemed impossible from energy considerations. Hahn and Strassmann, therefore, continued this work and succeeded to separate the new activity from radium. There remained no doubt that a barium isotope had been produced, the uranium nucleus splitting in the yet-unknown process we now call fission

New method for large scale production of medically applicable Actinium-225 and Radium-223

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aliev, R.A.; Vasilyev, A.N.; Ostapenko, V.; Kalmykov, S.N.; Zhuikov, B.L.; Ermolaev, S.V.; Lapshina, E.V.

2014-01-01

Alpha-emitters ( 211 At, 212 Bi, 213 Bi, 223 Ra, 225 Ac) are promising for targeted radiotherapy of cancer. Only two alpha decays near a cell membrane result in 50% death of cancer cell and only a single decay inside the cell is required for this. 225 Ac may be used either directly or as a mother radionuclide in 213 Bi isotope generator. Production of 225 Ac is provided by three main suppliers - Institute for Transuranium Elements in Germany, Oak Ridge National Laboratory in USA and Institute of Physics and Power Engineering in Obninsk, Russia. The current worldwide production of 225 Ac is approximately 1.7 Ci per year that corresponds to only 100-200 patients that could be treated annually. The common approach for 225 Ac production is separation from mother 229 Th or irradiation of 226 Ra with protons in a cyclotron. Both the methods have some practical limitations to be applied routinely. 225 Ac can be also produced by irradiation of natural thorium with medium energy protons . Cumulative cross sections of 225 Ac, 227 Ac, 227 Th, 228 Th formations have been obtained recently. Thorium targets (1-9 g) were irradiated by 114-91 MeV proton beam (1-50 μA) at INR linear accelerator. After dissolution in 8 M HNO 3 + 0.004 M HF thorium was removed by double LLX by HDEHP in toluene (1:1). Ac and REE were pre-concentrated and separated from Ra and most fission products by DGA-Resin (Triskem). After washing out by 0.01 M HNO 3 Ac was separated from REE by TRU Resin (Triskem) in 3 M HNO 3 media. About 6 mCi 225 Ac were separated in hot cell with chemical yield 85%. The method may be upscaled for production of Ci amounts of the radionuclide. The main impurity is 227 Ac (0.1% at the EOB) but it does not hinder 225 Ac from being used for medical 225 Ac/ 213 Bi generators. (author)

Calculation technique of free and impurity ion electronic structures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kulagin, N.A.; Sviridov, D.T.

1986-01-01

The monograph deals with calculation technique of free and impurity ion spectra with completed nl N -shell. The principles of the theory of irreducible tensor operators, genealogical coefficients, calculation technique of angular and radial parts of matrix elements operators are stated. The correlation accounting methods in free ions are considered in detail. The principles of the theory of crystal field and ligand field, the method of self-consistent field for impurity ions are reported. The technique efficiency based on example of lanthanum and actinium group ions is shown. Experimental data by nf N -ion spectra are given. The tables of angular coefficients, energy values of X-ray lines of rare earth ions and genealogical coefficients are given in the appendix

JAEA thermodynamic database for performance assessment of geological disposal of high-level and TRU wastes. Refinement of thermodynamic data for trivalent actinoids and samarium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kitamura, Akira; Fujiwara, Kenso; Yui, Mikazu

2010-01-01

Within the scope of the JAEA thermodynamic database project for performance assessment of geological disposal of high-level radioactive and TRU wastes, the refinement of the thermodynamic data for the inorganic compounds and complexes of trivalent actinoids (actinium(III), plutonium(III), americium(III) and curium(III)) and samarium(III) was carried out. Refinement of thermodynamic data for these elements was based on the thermodynamic database for americium published by the Nuclear Energy Agency in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD/NEA). Based on the similarity of chemical properties among trivalent actinoids and samarium, complementary thermodynamic data for their species expected under the geological disposal conditions were selected to complete the thermodynamic data set for the performance assessment of geological disposal of radioactive wastes. (author)

Formerly utilized MED/AEC sites Remedial Action Program. Radiological survey of the St. Louis Airport Storage Site, St. Louis, Missouri. Final report. [U, Ra-bearing wastes stored in 1940-60's

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

None

1979-09-01

Results of two radiological surveys of the St. Louis-Lambert Airport property, formerly known as the Airport Storage Site, St. Louis, Missouri, are presented. Uranium- and radium-bearing waste materials were stored from the 1940's to the late 1960's in this area. The surveys included direct measurements of beta-gamma radiation; determination of uranium, actinium, and radium concentrations in soil samples and from bore holes; determination of radionuclide concentrations in groundwater and surface water; measurement of radon flux from the ground surface; and measurements of /sup 222/Rn in air near the site. Results indicate that some offsite drainage pathways are becoming contaminated, probably by runoff from the site; no migration of /sup 222/Rn from the site was observed.

Minor Actinide Burning in Thermal Reactors. A Report by the Working Party on Scientific Issues of Reactor Systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hesketh, K.; Porsch, D.; Rimpault, G.; Taiwo, T.; Worrall, A.

2013-01-01

The actinides (or actinoids) are those elements in the periodic table from actinium upwards. Uranium (U) and plutonium (Pu) are two of the principal elements in nuclear fuel that could be classed as major actinides. The minor actinides are normally taken to be the triad of neptunium (Np), americium (Am) and curium (Cm). The combined masses of the remaining actinides (i.e. actinium, thorium, protactinium, berkelium, californium, einsteinium and fermium) are small enough to be regarded as very minor trace contaminants in nuclear fuel. Those elements above uranium in the periodic table are known collectively as the transuranics (TRUs). The operation of a nuclear reactor produces large quantities of irradiated fuel (sometimes referred to as spent fuel), which is either stored prior to eventual deep geological disposal or reprocessed to enable actinide recycling. A modern light water reactor (LWR) of 1 GWe capacity will typically discharge about 20-25 tonnes of irradiated fuel per year of operation. About 93-94% of the mass of uranium oxide irradiated fuel is comprised of uranium (mostly 238 U), with about 4-5% fission products and ∼1% plutonium. About 0.1-0.2% of the mass is comprised of neptunium, americium and curium. These latter elements accumulate in nuclear fuel because of neutron captures, and they contribute significantly to decay heat loading and neutron output, as well as to the overall radio-toxic hazard of spent fuel. Although the total minor actinide mass is relatively small - approximately 20-25 kg per year from a 1 GWe LWR - it has a disproportionate impact on spent fuel disposal, and thus the longstanding interest in transmuting these actinides either by fission (to fission products) or neutron capture in order to reduce their impact on the back end of the fuel cycle. The combined masses of the trace actinides actinium, thorium, protactinium, berkelium and californium in irradiated LWR fuel are only about 2 parts per billion, which is far too low for

Process for radioisotope recovery and system for implementing same

Science.gov (United States)

Meikrantz, David H [Idaho Falls, ID; Todd, Terry A [Aberdeen, ID; Tranter, Troy J [Idaho Falls, ID; Horwitz, E Philip [Naperville, IL

2009-10-06

A method of recovering daughter isotopes from a radioisotope mixture. The method comprises providing a radioisotope mixture solution comprising at least one parent isotope. The at least one parent isotope is extracted into an organic phase, which comprises an extractant and a solvent. The organic phase is substantially continuously contacted with an aqueous phase to extract at least one daughter isotope into the aqueous phase. The aqueous phase is separated from the organic phase, such as by using an annular centrifugal contactor. The at least one daughter isotope is purified from the aqueous phase, such as by ion exchange chromatography or extraction chromatography. The at least one daughter isotope may include actinium-225, radium-225, bismuth-213, or mixtures thereof. A liquid-liquid extraction system for recovering at least one daughter isotope from a source material is also disclosed.

The chemistry of the actinide elements. Volume I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Katz, J.J.; Seaborg, G.T.; Morss, L.R.

1986-01-01

The Chemistry of the Actinide Elements is a comprehensive, contemporary and authoritative exposition of the chemistry and related properties of the 5f series of elements: actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium and the first eleven. This second edition has been completely restructured and rewritten to incorporate current research in all areas of actinide chemistry and chemical physics. The descriptions of each element include accounts of their history, separation, metallurgy, solid-state chemistry, solution chemistry, thermo-dynamics and kinetics. Additionally, separate chapters on spectroscopy, magnetochemistry, thermodynamics, solids, the metallic state, complex ions and organometallic compounds emphasize the comparative chemistry and unique properties of the actinide series of elements. Comprehensive lists of properties of all actinide compounds and ions in solution are given, and there are special sections on such topics as biochemistry, superconductivity, radioisotope safety, and waste management, as well as discussion of the transactinides and future elements

Development of ion beam sputtering techniques for actinide target preparation

Science.gov (United States)

Aaron, W. S.; Zevenbergen, L. A.; Adair, H. L.

1985-06-01

Ion beam sputtering is a routine method for the preparation of thin films used as targets because it allows the use of a minimum quantity of starting material, and losses are much lower than most other vacuum deposition techniques. Work is underway in the Isotope Research Materials Laboratory (IRML) at ORNL to develop the techniques that will make the preparation of actinide targets up to 100 μg/cm 2 by ion beam sputtering a routinely available service from IRML. The preparation of the actinide material in a form suitable for sputtering is a key to this technique, as is designing a sputtering system that allows the flexibility required for custom-ordered target production. At present, development work is being conducted on low-activity actinides in a bench-top system. The system will then be installed in a hood or glove box approved for radioactive materials handling where processing of radium, actinium, and plutonium isotopes among others will be performed.

Development of ion beam sputtering techniques for actinide target preparation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aaron, W.S.; Zevenbergen, L.A.; Adair, H.L.

1985-01-01

Ion beam sputtering is a routine method for the preparation of thin films used as targets because it allows the use of minimum quantity of starting material, and losses are much lower than most other vacuum deposition techniques. Work is underway in the Isotope Research Materials Laboratory (IRML) at ORNL to develop the techniques that will make the preparation of actinide targets up to 100 μg/cm 2 by ion beam sputtering a routinely available service from IRML. The preparation of the actinide material in a form suitable for sputtering is a key to this technique, as is designing a sputtering system that allows the flexibility required for custom-ordered target production. At present, development work is being conducted on low-activity in a bench-top system. The system will then be installed in a hood or glove box approved for radioactive materials handling where processing of radium, actinium, and plutonium isotopes among others will be performed. (orig.)

Proposed training program for construction personnel involved in remedial action work at sites contaminated by naturally occurring radionuclides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Berven, B.A.; Goldsmith, W.A.; Haywood, F.F.; Schiager, K.J.

1979-01-01

Many sites used during the early days of the US atomic energy program are contaminated with radionuclides of the primordial decay chains (uranium, thorium, and actinium series). This contamination consists of residues resulting from refining and processing uranium and thorium. Preparation of these sites for release to unrestricted private use will involve the assistance of construction workers, many of whom have limited knowledge of the hazards associated with radioactive materials. Therefore, there is a need to educate these workers in the fundamentals of radioactive material handling to minimize exposures and possible spread of contamination. This training should disseminate relevant information at an appropriate educational level and should instill a cautious, common-sense attitude toward the handling of radioactive materials. The training should emphasize basic information concerning environmental radiation within a context of relative risk. A multi-media format, including colorful visual aids, demonstration, and discussion, should be used to maximize motivation and retention. A detailed, proposed training program design is presented

Linear free energy relationship applied to trivalent cations with lanthanum and actinium oxide and hydroxide structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ragavan, Anpalaki J.

2006-01-01

Linear free energy relationships for trivalent cations with crystalline M 2 O 3 and, M(OH) 3 phases of lanthanides and actinides were developed from known thermodynamic properties of the aqueous trivalent cations, modifying the Sverjensky and Molling equation. The linear free energy relationship for trivalent cations is as ΔG f,MvX 0 =a MvX ΔG n,M 3+ 0 +b MvX +β MvX r M 3+ , where the coefficients a MvX , b MvX , and β MvX characterize a particular structural family of MvX, r M 3+ is the ionic radius of M 3+ cation, ΔG f,MvX 0 is the standard Gibbs free energy of formation of MvX and ΔG n,M 3+ 0 is the standard non-solvation free energy of the cation. The coefficients for the oxide family are: a MvX =0.2705, b MvX =-1984.75 (kJ/mol), and β MvX =197.24 (kJ/molnm). The coefficients for the hydroxide family are: a MvX =0.1587, b MvX =-1474.09 (kJ/mol), and β MvX =791.70 (kJ/molnm).

Natural radionuclides in soils of a forest fragment of Atlantic Forest under ecological restoration process

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferreira, F.S.; Lira, M.B.; Souza, E.M.; França, E.J.

2017-01-01

The natural radioactive isotopes come from the radioactive series of the 238 U (Uranium Series), the 235 U (Actinium Series) and the 232 Th (Thorium Series) series, or they can occur in isolation as is the case with the 40 K. Primordial radionuclides such as 40 K, 232 Th, 235 U and 238 U exist since the formation of the earth, being found in appreciable amounts in nature and in some cases may present a mass activity above the acceptable of environmental radiation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the mass activity of 40 K, 226 Ra and 228 Ra in the soils of a fragment of Atlantic Forest under ecological restoration process located in the Municipality of Paulista, PE, Brazil. Soil samples (0 - 15 cm) were collected under the projection of the treetops of the most abundant trees in the region. After drying and comminution, analytical portions of 40 g were transferred to polyethylene petri dishes, sealed and stored for 30 days to ensure secular equilibrium. Radioactivity was quantified by High Resolution Gamma Spectrometry - EGAR. The mean physical activities of 40 K, 226 Ra and 228 Ra were 12, 15 and 20 Bq kg -1 , respectively, for the surface soil of the Parque Natural Municipal Mata do Frio. The values found were lower than those found in mangroves in the state of Pernambuco and those considered normal for soils worldwide

Geological disposal: security and R and D. Security of 'second draft for R and D of geological disposal'

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shiotsuki, Masao; Miyahara, Kaname

2003-01-01

The second draft for R and D of geological disposal (second draft) was arranged in 1999. The idea of security of geological disposal in the second draft is explained. The evaluation results of the uncertainty analysis and an example of evaluation of the effect of separation nuclear transmutation on the geological disposal are shown. The construction of strong engineered barrier is a basic idea of geological disposal system. Three processes such as isolation, engineering countermeasures and safety evaluation are carried out for the security of geological disposal. The security of geological environment for a long time of 12 sites in Japan was studied by data. Provability of production and enforcement of engineered barrier were confirmed by trial of over pack, tests and the present and future technologies developed. By using the conditions of reference case in the second draft, the evaluation results of dose effects in the two cases: 1) 90 to 99% Cs and Sr removed from HLW (High Level radioactive Waste) and 2) high stripping ratio of actinium series are explained. (S.Y.)

TRASH TO TREASURE: CONVERTING COLD WAR LEGACY WASTE INTO WEAPONS AGAINST CANCER

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nicholas, R.G.; Lacy, N.H.; Butz, T.R.; Brandon, N.E.

2004-01-01

As part of its commitment to clean up Cold War legacy sites, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has initiated an exciting and unique project to dispose of its inventory of uranium-233 (233U) stored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), and extract isotopes that show great promise in the treatment of deadly cancers. In addition to increasing the supply of potentially useful medical isotopes, the project will rid DOE of a nuclear concern and cut surveillance and security costs. For more than 30 years, DOE's ORNL has stored over 1,200 containers of fissile 233U, originally produced for several defense-related projects, including a pilot study that looked at using 233U as a commercial reactor fuel. This uranium, designated as special nuclear material, requires expensive security, safety, and environmental controls. It has been stored at an ORNL facility, Building 3019A, that dates back to the Manhattan Project. Down-blending the material to a safer form, rather than continuing to store it, will eliminate a $15 million a year financial liability for the DOE and increase the supply of medical isotopes by 5,700 percent. During the down-blending process, thorium-229 (229Th) will be extracted. The thorium will then be used to extract actinium-225 (225Ac), which will ultimately supply its progeny, bismuth-213 (213Bi), for on-going cancer research. The research includes Phase II clinical trials for the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia at Sloan-Kettering Memorial Cancer Center in New York, as well as other serious cancers of the lungs, pancreas, and kidneys using a technique known as alpha-particle radioimmunotherapy. Alpha-particle radioimmunotherapy is based on the emission of alpha particles by radionuclides. 213Bi is attached to a monoclonal antibody that targets specific cells. The bismuth then delivers a high-powered but short-range radiation dose, effectively killing the cancerous cells but sparing the surrounding tissue. Production of the actinium and

Soil nuclide distribution coefficients and their statistical distributions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sheppard, M.I.; Beals, D.I.; Thibault, D.H.; O'Connor, P.

1984-12-01

Environmental assessments of the disposal of nuclear fuel waste in plutonic rock formations require analysis of the migration of nuclides from the disposal vault to the biosphere. Analyses of nuclide migration via groundwater through the disposal vault, the buffer and backfill, the plutonic rock, and the consolidated and unconsolidated overburden use models requiring distribution coefficients (Ksub(d)) to describe the interaction of the nuclides with the geological and man-made materials. This report presents element-specific soil distribution coefficients and their statistical distributions, based on a detailed survey of the literature. Radioactive elements considered were actinium, americium, bismuth, calcium, carbon, cerium, cesium, iodine, lead, molybdenum, neptunium, nickel, niobium, palladium, plutonium, polonium, protactinium, radium, samarium, selenium, silver, strontium, technetium, terbium, thorium, tin, uranium and zirconium. Stable elements considered were antimony, boron, cadmium, tellurium and zinc. Where sufficient data were available, distribution coefficients and their distributions are given for sand, silt, clay and organic soils. Our values are recommended for use in assessments for the Canadian Nuclear Fuel Waste Management Program

Ac, La, and Ce radioimpurities in {sup 225}Ac produced in 40-200 MeV proton irradiations of thorium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Engle, Jonathan W.; Ballard, Beau D. [Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM (United States); Weidner, John W. [Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH (United States); and others

2014-10-01

Accelerator production of {sup 225}Ac addresses the global supply deficiency currently inhibiting clinical trials from establishing {sup 225}Ac's therapeutic utility, provided that the accelerator product is of sufficient radionuclidic purity for patient use. Two proton activation experiments utilizing the stacked foil technique between 40 and 200 MeV were employed to study the likely co-formation of radionuclides expected to be especially challenging to separate from {sup 225}Ac. Foils were assayed by nondestructive γ-spectroscopy and by α-spectroscopy of chemically processed target material. Nuclear formation cross sections for the radionuclides {sup 226}Ac and {sup 227}Ac as well as lower lanthanide radioisotopes {sup 139}Ce, {sup 141}Ce, {sup 143}Ce, and {sup 140}La whose elemental ionic radii closely match that of actinium were measured and are reported. The predictions of the latest MCNP6 event generators are compared with measured data, as they permit estimation of the formation rates of other radionuclides whose decay emissions are not clearly discerned in the complex spectra collected from {sup 232}Th(p,x) fission product mixtures. (orig.)

Background radiation and individual dosimetry in the coastal area of Tamil Nadu (India)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matsuda, N.; Brahmanandhan, G. M.; Yoshida, M.; Takamura, N.; Suyama, A.; Koguchi, Y.; Juto, N.; Raj, Y. L.; Winsley, G.; Selvasekarapandian, S.

2011-01-01

South coast of India is known as the high-level background radiation area (HBRA) mainly due to beach sands that contain natural radionuclides as components of the mineral monazite. The rich deposit of monazite is unevenly distributed along the coastal belt of Tamil Nadu and Kerala. An HBRA site that laid in 2x7 m along the sea was found in the beach of Chinnavillai, Tamil Nadu, where the maximum ambient dose equivalent reached as high as 162.7 mSv y -1 . From the sands collected at the HBRA spot, the high-purity germanium semi-conductor detector identified six nuclides of thorium series, four nuclides of uranium series and two nuclides belonging to actinium series. The highest radioactivity observed was 43.7 Bq g -1 of Th-228. The individual dose of five inhabitants in Chinnavillai, as measured by the radiophotoluminescence glass dosimetry system, demonstrated the average dose of 7.17 mSv y -1 ranging from 2.79 to 14.17 mSv y -1 . (authors)

Review of radionuclide source terms used for performance-assessment analyses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barnard, R.W.

1993-06-01

Two aspects of the radionuclide source terms used for total-system performance assessment (TSPA) analyses have been reviewed. First, a detailed radionuclide inventory (i.e., one in which the reactor type, decay, and burnup are specified) is compared with the standard source-term inventory used in prior analyses. The latter assumes a fixed ratio of pressurized-water reactor (PWR) to boiling-water reactor (BWR) spent fuel, at specific amounts of burnup and at 10-year decay. TSPA analyses have been used to compare the simplified source term with the detailed one. The TSPA-91 analyses did not show a significant difference between the source terms. Second, the radionuclides used in source terms for TSPA aqueous-transport analyses have been reviewed to select ones that are representative of the entire inventory. It is recommended that two actinide decay chains be included (the 4n+2 ''uranium'' and 4n+3 ''actinium'' decay series), since these include several radionuclides that have potentially important release and dose characteristics. In addition, several fission products are recommended for the same reason. The choice of radionuclides should be influenced by other parameter assumptions, such as the solubility and retardation of the radionuclides

Renal uptake of bismuth-213 and its contribution to kidney radiation dose following administration of actinium-225-labeled antibody

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schwartz, J; O' Donoghue, J A; Humm, J L [Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 (United States); Jaggi, J S [Bristol-Myers Squibb, Plainsboro, NJ (United States); Ruan, S; Larson, S M [Nuclear Medicine Service Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 (United States); McDevitt, M; Scheinberg, D A, E-mail: schwarj1@mskcc.org [Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 (United States)

2011-02-07

Clinical therapeutic studies using {sup 225}Ac-labeled antibodies have begun. Of major concern is renal toxicity that may result from the three alpha-emitting progeny generated following the decay of {sup 225}Ac. The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of {sup 225}Ac and non-equilibrium progeny in the mouse kidney after the injection of {sup 225}Ac-huM195 antibody and examine the dosimetric consequences. Groups of mice were sacrificed at 24, 96 and 144 h after injection with {sup 225}Ac-huM195 antibody and kidneys excised. One kidney was used for gamma ray spectroscopic measurements by a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The second kidney was used to generate frozen tissue sections which were examined by digital autoradiography (DAR). Two measurements were performed on each kidney specimen: (1) immediately post-resection and (2) after sufficient time for any non-equilibrium excess {sup 213}Bi to decay completely. Comparison of these measurements enabled estimation of the amount of excess {sup 213}Bi reaching the kidney ({gamma}-ray spectroscopy) and its sub-regional distribution (DAR). The average absorbed dose to whole kidney, determined by spectroscopy, was 0.77 (SD 0.21) Gy kBq{sup -1}, of which 0.46 (SD 0.16) Gy kBq{sup -1} (i.e. 60%) was due to non-equilibrium excess {sup 213}Bi. The relative contributions to renal cortex and medulla were determined by DAR. The estimated dose to the cortex from non-equilibrium excess {sup 213}Bi (0.31 (SD 0.11) Gy kBq{sup -1}) represented {approx}46% of the total. For the medulla the dose contribution from excess {sup 213}Bi (0.81 (SD 0.28) Gy kBq{sup -1}) was {approx}80% of the total. Based on these estimates, for human patients we project a kidney-absorbed dose of 0.28 Gy MBq{sup -1} following administration of {sup 225}Ac-huM195 with non-equilibrium excess {sup 213}Bi responsible for approximately 60% of the total. Methods to reduce renal accumulation of radioactive progeny appear to be necessary for the

Alpha-emitting isotopes and chromium in a coastal California aquifer

Science.gov (United States)

Densmore, Jill N.; Izbicki, John A.; Murtaugh, Joseph M.; Swarzenski, Peter W.; Bullen, Thomas D.

2014-01-01

The unadjusted 72-h gross alpha activities in water from two wells completed in marine and alluvial deposits in a coastal southern California aquifer 40 km north of San Diego were 15 and 25 picoCuries per liter (pCi/L). Although activities were below the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 15 pCi/L, when adjusted for uranium activity; there is concern that new wells in the area may exceed MCLs, or that future regulations may limit water use from the wells. Coupled well-bore flow and depth-dependent water-quality data collected from the wells in 2011 (with analyses for isotopes within the uranium, actinium, and thorium decay-chains) show gross alpha activity in marine deposits is associated with decay of naturally-occurring 238U and its daughter 234U. Radon activities in marine deposits were as high as 2230 pCi/L. In contrast, gross alpha activities in overlying alluvium within the Piedra de Lumbre watershed, eroded from the nearby San Onofre Hills, were associated with decay of 232Th, including its daughter 224Ra. Radon activities in alluvium from Piedra de Lumbre of 450 pCi/L were lower than in marine deposits. Chromium VI concentrations in marine deposits were less than the California MCL of 10 μg/L (effective July 1, 2014) but δ53Cr compositions were near zero and within reported ranges for anthropogenic chromium. Alluvial deposits from the nearby Las Flores watershed, which drains a larger area having diverse geology, has low alpha activities and chromium as a result of geologic and geochemical conditions and may be more promising for future water-supply development.

Electronic structure and dynamics of ordered clusters with ME or RE ions on oxide surface

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kulagin, N.A., E-mail: nkulagin@bestnet.kharkov.u [Kharkiv National University for Radio Electronics, Avenue Shakespeare 6-48, 61045 Kharkiv (Ukraine)

2011-03-15

Selected data of ab initio simulation of the electronic structure and spectral properties of either cluster with ions of iron, rare earth or actinium group elements have been presented here. Appearance of doped Cr{sup +4} ions in oxides, Cu{sup +2} in HTSC, Nd{sup +2} in solids has been discussed. Analysis of experimental data for plasma created ordered structures of crystallites with size of about 10{sup -9} m on surface of separate oxides are given, too. Change in the spectroscopic properties of clusters and nano-structures on surface of strontium titanate crystals discussed shortly using the X-ray line spectroscopy experimental results. - Research highlights: External influence and variation of technology induce changes in valence of nl ions in compounds. Wave function of cluster presented as anti-symmetrical set of ions wave functions. The main equation describes the self-consistent field depending on state of all electrons of cluster. Level scheme of Cr{sup 4+} ions in octo- and tetra-site corresponds to doped oxides spectra after treatment. Plasma treatment effects in appearance of systems of unit crystallites with size of about 10{sup -6}-10{sup -9} m.

Electronic structure and dynamics of ordered clusters with ME or RE ions on oxide surface

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kulagin, N.A.

2011-01-01

Selected data of ab initio simulation of the electronic structure and spectral properties of either cluster with ions of iron, rare earth or actinium group elements have been presented here. Appearance of doped Cr +4 ions in oxides, Cu +2 in HTSC, Nd +2 in solids has been discussed. Analysis of experimental data for plasma created ordered structures of crystallites with size of about 10 -9 m on surface of separate oxides are given, too. Change in the spectroscopic properties of clusters and nano-structures on surface of strontium titanate crystals discussed shortly using the X-ray line spectroscopy experimental results. - Research highlights: → External influence and variation of technology induce changes in valence of nl ions in compounds. → Wave function of cluster presented as anti-symmetrical set of ions wave functions. → The main equation describes the self-consistent field depending on state of all electrons of cluster. → Level scheme of Cr 4+ ions in octo- and tetra-site corresponds to doped oxides spectra after treatment. → Plasma treatment effects in appearance of systems of unit crystallites with size of about 10 -6 -10 -9 m.

Emanations and 'induced' radioactivity: from mystery to (mis)use

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kolar, Z.I.

1999-01-01

The natural Rn isotopes were discovered within the period 1899-1902 and at that time referred to as emanations because they came out (emanated) of sources/materials containing actinium, thorium and radium, respectively. The (somewhat mysterious) emanations appeared to disintegrate into radioactive decay products which by depositing at solid surfaces gave rise to 'induced' radioactivity i.e. radioactive substances with various half-lives. Following the discovery of the emanations the volume of the research involving them and their disintegration products grew steeply. The identity of a number of these radioactive products was soon established. Radium emanation was soon used as a source of RaD ( 210 Pb) to be applied as an 'indicator' (radiotracer) for lead in a study on the solubility of lead sulphide and lead chromate. Moreover, radium and its emanation were introduced into the medical practice. Inhaling radon and drinking radon-containing water became an accepted medicinal use (or misuse?) of that gas. Shortly after the turn of the century, the healing (?) action of natural springs (spas) was attributed to their radium emanation, i.e. radon. Bathing in radioactive spring water and drinking it became very popular. Even today, bathing in radon-containing water is still a common medical treatment in Jachymov, Czech Republic. (author)

Study of Soil Decontamination Method Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and TBP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Jihye; Park, Kwangheon; Jung, Wonyoung

2014-01-01

The result of this study means that we have a possible new method for cheap and less wasteful nuclear waste decontamination. When severe accidents such as the incident at the Fukushima nuclear site occur, the soil near the power plant is contaminated with fission products or the activation metal structure of the power plant. The soil pollution form depends on the environment and soil characteristics of the contaminated areas. Thus, a- single-decontamination method is not effective for site cleanup. In addition, some soil decontamination methods are expensive and large amounts of secondary waste are generated. Therefore, we need new soil decontamination methods. In this study, instead of using a conventional solvent method that generates secondary waste, supercritical carbon dioxide was used to remove metal ions from the soil. Supercritical carbon dioxide is known for good permeation characteristics. We expect that we will reduce the cost of soil pollution management. Supercritical carbon dioxide can decontaminate soil easily, as it has the ability to penetrate even narrow gaps with very good moisture permeability. We used TBP, which is a known for extractant of actinium metal. TBP is usually used for uranium and strontium extraction. Using TBP-HNO 3 complex and supercritical carbon dioxide, we did extraction experiments for several heavy metals in contaminated soil

Study of Soil Decontamination Method Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and TBP

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Jihye; Park, Kwangheon; Jung, Wonyoung [Kyunghee Univ., Yongin (Korea, Republic of)

2014-05-15

The result of this study means that we have a possible new method for cheap and less wasteful nuclear waste decontamination. When severe accidents such as the incident at the Fukushima nuclear site occur, the soil near the power plant is contaminated with fission products or the activation metal structure of the power plant. The soil pollution form depends on the environment and soil characteristics of the contaminated areas. Thus, a- single-decontamination method is not effective for site cleanup. In addition, some soil decontamination methods are expensive and large amounts of secondary waste are generated. Therefore, we need new soil decontamination methods. In this study, instead of using a conventional solvent method that generates secondary waste, supercritical carbon dioxide was used to remove metal ions from the soil. Supercritical carbon dioxide is known for good permeation characteristics. We expect that we will reduce the cost of soil pollution management. Supercritical carbon dioxide can decontaminate soil easily, as it has the ability to penetrate even narrow gaps with very good moisture permeability. We used TBP, which is a known for extractant of actinium metal. TBP is usually used for uranium and strontium extraction. Using TBP-HNO{sub 3} complex and supercritical carbon dioxide, we did extraction experiments for several heavy metals in contaminated soil.

Distribution of trace elements in land plants and botanical taxonomy with special reference to rare earth elements and actinium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koyama, Mutsuo

1989-01-01

Distribution profiles of trace elements in land plants were studied by neutron activation analysis and radioactivity measurements without activation. Number of botanical samples analyzed were more than three thousand in which more than three hundred botanical species were included. New accumulator plants of Co, Cr, Zn, Cd, rare earth elements, Ac, U, etc., were found. Capabilities of accumulating trace elements can be related to the botanical taxonomy. Discussions are given from view points of inorganic chemistry as well as from botanical physiology

Natural radionuclides in soils of a forest fragment of Atlantic Forest under ecological restoration process; Radionuclídeos naturais em solos de um fragmento florestal de Mata Atlântica sob processo de restauração ecológica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferreira, F.S.; Lira, M.B.; Souza, E.M.; França, E.J., E-mail: biologofabiano10@gmail.com [Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares do Nordeste (CRCN-NE/CNEN-PE), Recife, PE (Brazil)

2017-07-01

The natural radioactive isotopes come from the radioactive series of the {sup 238}U (Uranium Series), the {sup 235}U (Actinium Series) and the {sup 232}Th (Thorium Series) series, or they can occur in isolation as is the case with the {sup 40}K. Primordial radionuclides such as {sup 40}K, {sup 232}Th, {sup 235}U and {sup 238}U exist since the formation of the earth, being found in appreciable amounts in nature and in some cases may present a mass activity above the acceptable of environmental radiation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the mass activity of {sup 40}K, {sup 226}Ra and {sup 228}Ra in the soils of a fragment of Atlantic Forest under ecological restoration process located in the Municipality of Paulista, PE, Brazil. Soil samples (0 - 15 cm) were collected under the projection of the treetops of the most abundant trees in the region. After drying and comminution, analytical portions of 40 g were transferred to polyethylene petri dishes, sealed and stored for 30 days to ensure secular equilibrium. Radioactivity was quantified by High Resolution Gamma Spectrometry - EGAR. The mean physical activities of {sup 40}K, {sup 226}Ra and {sup 228}Ra were 12, 15 and 20 Bq kg{sup -1}, respectively, for the surface soil of the Parque Natural Municipal Mata do Frio. The values found were lower than those found in mangroves in the state of Pernambuco and those considered normal for soils worldwide.

Generalized phase diagram for the rare-earth elements: Calculations and correlations of bulk properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Johansson, B.; Rosengren, A.

1975-01-01

A ''generalized'' phase diagram is constructed empirically for the lanthanides. This diagram makes it possible, not only in one picture, to assemble a lot of information but also to predict phase transitions not yet experimentally accessible. Further, it clearly illustrates the close relation between the members of the lanthanide group. To account for some of its features, the pseudopotential method is applied. The trend in crystal structure through the lanthanide series can thereby be qualitatively accounted for, as can the trend in crystal structure for an individual element, when compressed. A scaling procedure makes it possible to extend the treatment to elements neighboring the lanthanides in the Periodic Table. In total 25 elements are considered. An atomic parameter f (relatable to the pseudopotential) is introduced, by means of which different phase transitions, both for an individual rare-earth element and intra-rare-earth alloys, can be correlated to certain critical values of this parameter. A nonmagnetic rare-earth series (Sc, Lu, Y, La, and Ac) is introduced and the occurrence of superconductivity is discussed with special emphasis on the pressure dependence of the transition temperature. This temperature can be correlated to the above-mentioned parameter f, both for intra-rare-earth alloys and pure elements at different pressures. The correlation implies that actinium is a superconductor with a critical temperature which could be as high as (11--12) degree K

Alpha-emitting isotopes and chromium in a coastal California aquifer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Densmore, Jill N.; Izbicki, John A.; Murtaugh, Joseph M.; Swarzenski, Peter W.; Bullen, Thomas D.

2014-01-01

Highlights: • Alluvium in Piedra de Lumbre basin higher radionuclides likely from natural Th. • Natural uranium decay-chain isotopes, including Ra, present in marine deposits. • Marine deposits also contain low concentrations of chromium. • Radionuclides and chromium concentrations lower in alluvium in the Las Flores basin. - Abstract: The unadjusted 72-h gross alpha activities in water from two wells completed in marine and alluvial deposits in a coastal southern California aquifer 40 km north of San Diego were 15 and 25 picoCuries per liter (pCi/L). Although activities were below the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 15 pCi/L, when adjusted for uranium activity; there is concern that new wells in the area may exceed MCLs, or that future regulations may limit water use from the wells. Coupled well-bore flow and depth-dependent water-quality data collected from the wells in 2011 (with analyses for isotopes within the uranium, actinium, and thorium decay-chains) show gross alpha activity in marine deposits is associated with decay of naturally-occurring 238 U and its daughter 234 U. Radon activities in marine deposits were as high as 2230 pCi/L. In contrast, gross alpha activities in overlying alluvium within the Piedra de Lumbre watershed, eroded from the nearby San Onofre Hills, were associated with decay of 232 Th, including its daughter 224 Ra. Radon activities in alluvium from Piedra de Lumbre of 450 pCi/L were lower than in marine deposits. Chromium VI concentrations in marine deposits were less than the California MCL of 10 μg/L (effective July 1, 2014) but δ 53 Cr compositions were near zero and within reported ranges for anthropogenic chromium. Alluvial deposits from the nearby Las Flores watershed, which drains a larger area having diverse geology, has low alpha activities and chromium as a result of geologic and geochemical conditions and may be more promising for future water-supply development

Soil and river sediments radionuclides monitoring at Aramar Experimental Center: an historical overview

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Segre, Nadia; Fagundes, Rosane Correa

2013-01-01

In order to evaluate possible effects to the environment resulting from the implementation of the Centro Tecnologico da Marinha - Centro Experimental Aramar (CTMSP-CEA) at Ipero in Sao Paulo state, Brazil, which came into operation in 1989, an Environmental Monitoring Program (PMA) was established in October, 1987. One of the aims of this program is to monitor the soil and river sediments radionuclides levels at CEA and beyond its boundary. The utilization of statistical tools to evaluate the results of radiometric environmental monitoring is a procedure required by National Nuclear Energy Commission (CNEN). The box plot is a simple statistical tool for displaying data. The central tendency and dispersion of the results as well as the observation of unusual results (outliers) in the dataset are easily visualized. Control chart is a graph that maps data and provides a picture of how a process is performing over time. A control chart always has a central line for the mean, an upper line for the upper control limit and a lower line for the lower control limit. Box plots and control charts were used to visualize the annual amount of natural uranium, lead-214, actinium-228 and lead-212 in soil and river sediment detected between 1987 and 2011, considering the measurements of all monitored places each year. This historical observation shows that, in average, the results obtained are below than the 1987-1988 levels (CEA's pre-operational) or below than the backgrounds radionuclides values. (author)

Soil and river sediments radionuclides monitoring at Aramar Experimental Center: an historical overview

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Segre, Nadia; Fagundes, Rosane Correa, E-mail: nadia.segre@ctmsp.mar.mil.br [Centro Tecnologico da Marinha (CTM-SP/CEA/LARE), Ipero, SP (Brazil). Centro Experimental Aramar. Lab. Radioecologico; Moraes, Marco Antonio P.V. [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2013-07-01

In order to evaluate possible effects to the environment resulting from the implementation of the Centro Tecnologico da Marinha - Centro Experimental Aramar (CTMSP-CEA) at Ipero in Sao Paulo state, Brazil, which came into operation in 1989, an Environmental Monitoring Program (PMA) was established in October, 1987. One of the aims of this program is to monitor the soil and river sediments radionuclides levels at CEA and beyond its boundary. The utilization of statistical tools to evaluate the results of radiometric environmental monitoring is a procedure required by National Nuclear Energy Commission (CNEN). The box plot is a simple statistical tool for displaying data. The central tendency and dispersion of the results as well as the observation of unusual results (outliers) in the dataset are easily visualized. Control chart is a graph that maps data and provides a picture of how a process is performing over time. A control chart always has a central line for the mean, an upper line for the upper control limit and a lower line for the lower control limit. Box plots and control charts were used to visualize the annual amount of natural uranium, lead-214, actinium-228 and lead-212 in soil and river sediment detected between 1987 and 2011, considering the measurements of all monitored places each year. This historical observation shows that, in average, the results obtained are below than the 1987-1988 levels (CEA's pre-operational) or below than the backgrounds radionuclides values. (author)

Mitigation of radiation nephropathy after internal α-particle irradiation of kidneys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jaggi, Jaspreet Singh; Seshan, Surya V.; McDevitt, Michael R.; Sgouros, George; Hyjek, Elizabeth; Scheinberg, David A.

2006-01-01

Purpose: Internal irradiation of kidneys as a consequence of radioimmunotherapy, radiation accidents, or nuclear terrorism can result in radiation nephropathy. We attempted to modify pharmacologically, the functional and morphologic changes in mouse kidneys after injection with the actinium ( 225 Ac) nanogenerator, an in vivo generator of α- and β-particle emitting elements. Methods and Materials: The animals were injected with 0.35 μCi of the 225 Ac nanogenerator, which delivers a dose of 27.6 Gy to the kidneys. Then, they were randomized to receive captopril (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor), L-158,809 (angiotensin II receptor-1 blocker), spironolactone (aldosterone receptor antagonist), or a placebo. Results: Forty weeks after the 225 Ac injection, the placebo-control mice showed a significant increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (87.6 ± 6.9 mg/dL), dilated Bowman spaces, and tubulolysis with basement membrane thickening. Captopril treatment accentuated the functional (BUN 119.0 ± 4.0 mg/dL; p <0.01 vs. placebo controls) and histopathologic damage. In contrast, L-158,809 offered moderate protection (BUN 66.6 ± 3.9 mg/dL; p = 0.02 vs. placebo controls). Spironolactone treatment, however, significantly prevented the development of histopathologic and functional changes (BUN 31.2 ± 2.5 mg/dL; p <0.001 vs. placebo controls). Conclusions: Low-dose spironolactone and, to a lesser extent, angiotensin receptor-1 blockade can offer renal protection in a mouse model of internal α-particle irradiation

Determination of radium in water

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hohorst, F.A.; Huntley, M.W.; Hartenstein, S.D.

1995-10-01

These detailed work instructions (DWIs) are tailored for the analysis of radium-226 and radium-228 in drinking water supplies from ground water and surface water sources and composites derived from them. The instructions have been adapted from several sources, including a draft EPA method. One objective was to minimize the generation of mixed wastes. Quantitative determinations of actinium-228 are made at 911 keV. The minimum detection level (MDL) for the gamma spectrometric measurements at this energy vary with matrix, volume, geometry, detector, background, and counting statistics. The range of MDL's for current detectors is 0.07 to 0.5 Bq/sample. Quantitative determinations of radium-226 are made by counting the high energy alpha particles which radium-226 progeny emit using liquid scintillation counting (LSC). The minimum detectable activity (MDA) is 3.8 E-3 Bq/sample. The maximum concentration which may be counted on available instruments without dilution is about 2 E + 5 Bq/sample. Typically, this determination of radium in a 2 L sample has a yield of 80%. If radium-228 is determined using a 16 h count after 50 h grow-in, the typical MDL is 1 E-9 to 8 E-9 μCi/mL (1 to 8 pCi/L). If radium-226 is determined using a 2.5 h count after 150 h grow-in, the typical MDA is about 1 E-10 μCi/mL (0. 1 pCi/L)

Determination of radium in water

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hohorst, F.A.; Huntley, M.W.; Hartenstein, S.D.

1995-10-01

These detailed work instructions (DWIs) are tailored for the analysis of radium-226 and radium-228 in drinking water supplies from ground water and surface water sources and composites derived from them. The instructions have been adapted from several sources, including a draft EPA method. One objective was to minimize the generation of mixed wastes. Quantitative determinations of actinium-228 are made at 911 keV. The minimum detection level (MDL) for the gamma spectrometric measurements at this energy vary with matrix, volume, geometry, detector, background, and counting statistics. The range of MDL`s for current detectors is 0.07 to 0.5 Bq/sample. Quantitative determinations of radium-226 are made by counting the high energy alpha particles which radium-226 progeny emit using liquid scintillation counting (LSC). The minimum detectable activity (MDA) is 3.8 E-3 Bq/sample. The maximum concentration which may be counted on available instruments without dilution is about 2 E + 5 Bq/sample. Typically, this determination of radium in a 2 L sample has a yield of 80%. If radium-228 is determined using a 16 h count after 50 h grow-in, the typical MDL is 1 E-9 to 8 E-9 {mu}Ci/mL (1 to 8 pCi/L). If radium-226 is determined using a 2.5 h count after 150 h grow-in, the typical MDA is about 1 E-10 {mu}Ci/mL (0. 1 pCi/L).

Selective Decontamination Effect of Metal Ions in Soil Using Supercritical CO2 and TBP Complex

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Jihye; Park, Kwangheon; Jung, Wonyoung

2014-01-01

Decontamination of soil pollution is difficult because the type of contamination largely depends on the characteristics of the pollutant and the area. Also, existing soil decontamination methods generate large quantities of secondary waste and additional process costs. For this reason, new decontamination methods are always under active investigation. A method involving the use of supercritical carbon dioxide with excellent permeability in place of chemical solvents is currently being studied. Unlike other heavy metals in fission products, uranium is used as fuel, and must be handled carefully. Therefore, in this paper, we studied a supercritical carbon dioxide method for decontaminating heavy metal ions in soil using tri-n-butyl phosphate(TBP), which is well known as a ligand for the extraction of metal ions of actinium. We investigated the decontamination effect of heavy metal ions in the soil using TBP-HNO 3 Complex and supercritical carbon dioxide. The study results showed that when heavy metals in soil are extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide, the extraction efficiency is different according to the type of pollutant metal ions in the soil. When TBP-HNO 3 Complex is used with an extractant, uranium extraction is very effective, but lithium, strontium, and cesium extraction is not effective. Therefore, in the case of a mixture of uranium and other metals such as lithium, strontium, cesium, and so on in soil contaminated by fission product leaks from nuclear power plants, we can selectively decontaminate uranium with supercritical carbon dioxide and TBP-HNO 3 Complex

Alpha-emitting nuclides in the marine environment

Science.gov (United States)

Pentreath, R. J.

1984-06-01

The occurrence of alpha-emitting nuclides and their daughter products in the marine environment continues to be a subject of study for many reasons. Those nuclides which occur naturally, in the uranium, thorium and actinium series, are of interest because of their value in determining the rates of geological and geochemical processes in the oceans. Studies of them address such problems as the determination of rates of transfer of particulate matter, deposition rates, bioturbation rates, and so on. Two of the natural alpha-series nuclides in which a different interest has been expressed are 210Po and 226Ra, because their concentrations in marine organisms are such that they contribute to a significant fraction of the background dose rates sustained both by the organisms themselves and by consumers of marine fish and shellfish. To this pool of naturally-occurring nuclides, human activities have added the transuranium nuclides, both from the atmospheric testing of nuclear devices and from the authorized discharges of radioactive wastes into coastal waters and the deep sea. Studies have therefore been made to understand the chemistry of these radionuclides in sea water, their association with sedimentary materials, and their accumulation by marine organisms, the last of these being of particular interest because the transuranics are essentially "novel" elements to the marine fauna and flora. The need to predict the long-term behaviour of these nuclides has, in turn, stimulated research on those naturally-occurring nuclides which may behave in a similar manner.

DISSOLVED CONCENTRATION LIMITS OF RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NA

2004-11-22

The purpose of this study is to evaluate dissolved concentration limits (also referred to as solubility limits) of elements with radioactive isotopes under probable repository conditions, based on geochemical modeling calculations using geochemical modeling tools, thermodynamic databases, field measurements, and laboratory experiments. The scope of this modeling activity is to predict dissolved concentrations or solubility limits for 14 elements with radioactive isotopes (actinium, americium, carbon, cesium, iodine, lead, neptunium, plutonium, protactinium, radium, strontium, technetium, thorium, and uranium) important to calculated dose. Model outputs for uranium, plutonium, neptunium, thorium, americium, and protactinium are in the form of tabulated functions with pH and log (line integral) CO{sub 2} as independent variables, plus one or more uncertainty terms. The solubility limits for the remaining elements are either in the form of distributions or single values. The output data from this report are fundamental inputs for Total System Performance Assessment for the License Application (TSPA-LA) to determine the estimated release of these elements from waste packages and the engineered barrier system. Consistent modeling approaches and environmental conditions were used to develop solubility models for all of the actinides. These models cover broad ranges of environmental conditions so that they are applicable to both waste packages and the invert. Uncertainties from thermodynamic data, water chemistry, temperature variation, and activity coefficients have been quantified or otherwise addressed.

Selective alpha-particle mediated depletion of tumor vasculature with vascular normalization.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jaspreet Singh Jaggi

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Abnormal regulation of angiogenesis in tumors results in the formation of vessels that are necessary for tumor growth, but compromised in structure and function. Abnormal tumor vasculature impairs oxygen and drug delivery and results in radiotherapy and chemotherapy resistance, respectively. Alpha particles are extraordinarily potent, short-ranged radiations with geometry uniquely suitable for selectively killing neovasculature.Actinium-225 ((225Ac-E4G10, an alpha-emitting antibody construct reactive with the unengaged form of vascular endothelial cadherin, is capable of potent, selective killing of tumor neovascular endothelium and late endothelial progenitors in bone-marrow and blood. No specific normal-tissue uptake of E4G10 was seen by imaging or post-mortem biodistribution studies in mice. In a mouse-model of prostatic carcinoma, (225Ac-E4G10 treatment resulted in inhibition of tumor growth, lower serum prostate specific antigen level and markedly prolonged survival, which was further enhanced by subsequent administration of paclitaxel. Immunohistochemistry revealed lower vessel density and enhanced tumor cell apoptosis in (225Ac-E4G10 treated tumors. Additionally, the residual tumor vasculature appeared normalized as evident by enhanced pericyte coverage following (225Ac-E4G10 therapy. However, no toxicity was observed in vascularized normal organs following (225Ac-E4G10 therapy.The data suggest that alpha-particle immunotherapy to neovasculature, alone or in combination with sequential chemotherapy, is an effective approach to cancer therapy.

Radiation sources and process

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Honious, H.B.; Janzow, E.F.; Malson, H.A.; Moyer, S.E.

1980-01-01

The invention relates to radiation sources comprising a substrate having an electrically-conductive non-radioactive metal surface, a layer of a metal radioactive isotope of the scandium group, which in addition to scandium, yttrium, lanthanum and actinium, includes all the lanthanide and actinide series of elements, with the actinide series usually being preferred because of the nature of the radioactive isotopes therein, particularly americium-241, curium-244, plutonium-238, californium-252 and promethium-147, and a non-radioactive bonding metal codeposited on the surface by electroplating the isotope and bonding metal from an electrolytic solution, the isotope being present in the layer in minor amount as compared to the bonding metal, and with or without a non-radioactive protective metal coating covering the isotoype and bonding metal on the surface, the coating being sufficiently thin to permit radiation to pass through the coating. The invention also relates to a process for providing radiation sources comprising codepositing a layer of the metal radioactive isotope with a non-radioactive bonding metal from an electrolytic solution in which the isotope is present in minor molar amount as compared to the bonding metal such that the codeposited layer contains a minor molar amount of the isotope compared to the bonding metal by electroplating on an electrically-conductive non-radioactive metal surface of a cathode substrate, and with or without depositing a nonradioactive protective metal coating over the isotope and bonding metal on the surface, the coating being sufficiently thin to permit radiation to pass through the coating

Selective Decontamination Effect of Metal Ions in Soil Using Supercritical CO{sub 2} and TBP Complex

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Jihye; Park, Kwangheon; Jung, Wonyoung [Kyunghee Univ., Yongin (Korea, Republic of)

2014-10-15

Decontamination of soil pollution is difficult because the type of contamination largely depends on the characteristics of the pollutant and the area. Also, existing soil decontamination methods generate large quantities of secondary waste and additional process costs. For this reason, new decontamination methods are always under active investigation. A method involving the use of supercritical carbon dioxide with excellent permeability in place of chemical solvents is currently being studied. Unlike other heavy metals in fission products, uranium is used as fuel, and must be handled carefully. Therefore, in this paper, we studied a supercritical carbon dioxide method for decontaminating heavy metal ions in soil using tri-n-butyl phosphate(TBP), which is well known as a ligand for the extraction of metal ions of actinium. We investigated the decontamination effect of heavy metal ions in the soil using TBP-HNO{sub 3} Complex and supercritical carbon dioxide. The study results showed that when heavy metals in soil are extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide, the extraction efficiency is different according to the type of pollutant metal ions in the soil. When TBP-HNO{sub 3} Complex is used with an extractant, uranium extraction is very effective, but lithium, strontium, and cesium extraction is not effective. Therefore, in the case of a mixture of uranium and other metals such as lithium, strontium, cesium, and so on in soil contaminated by fission product leaks from nuclear power plants, we can selectively decontaminate uranium with supercritical carbon dioxide and TBP-HNO{sub 3} Complex.

Radiological survey of the Mallinckrodt Chemical Works, St. Louis, Missouri

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goldsmith, W.A.; Leggett, R.W.; Haywood, F.F.

1981-12-01

The results of a radiological survey of part of the Mallinckrodt Chemical Works (former Destrehan and Broadway Street plants), St. Louis, Missouri, are presented. During the period 1942 through 1957, this site was used for various projects involving the production of purified uranium from pitchblende concentrates. The survey included measurements of the following: residual alpha and beta-gamma contamination levels in the existing buildings that were used in the uranium projects; external gamma radiation levels at 1 m above the surface in these buildings and outdoors around these buildings; radon and radon daughter concentrations in the air in these buildings; uranium, radium, actinium, and thorium concentrations in surface and subsurface soil on the site; concentrations of radionuclides in water and sediment found in drains both inside and outside the buildings; and concentrations of radionuclides in ground and surface water on the site and in river water taken near the site. Alpha and beta-gamma contamination levels inside and outside some of the buildings were above limits set by current federal guidelines concerning the release of property for unrestricted use. Elevated external gamma radiation levels were measured at some outdoor locations and in some of the buildings. Licensable concentrations of uranium were found in soil at some places, and the concentration of uranium in a water sample taken from a core hole between Buildings 100 and 101 was in excess of limits set by current federal standards. Radon and radon daughter concentrations in three buildings were in excess of current federal guidelines for nonoccupational radiation exposure

Radiological survey of the Mallinckrodt Chemical Works, St. Louis, Missouri

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goldsmith, W A; Leggett, R W; Haywood, F F

1981-12-01

The results of a radiological survey of part of the Mallinckrodt Chemical Works (former Destrehan and Broadway Street plants), St. Louis, Missouri, are presented. During the period 1942 through 1957, this site was used for various projects involving the production of purified uranium from pitchblende concentrates. The survey included measurements of the following: residual alpha and beta-gamma contamination levels in the existing buildings that were used in the uranium projects; external gamma radiation levels at 1 m above the surface in these buildings and outdoors around these buildings; radon and radon daughter concentrations in the air in these buildings; uranium, radium, actinium, and thorium concentrations in surface and subsurface soil on the site; concentrations of radionuclides in water and sediment found in drains both inside and outside the buildings; and concentrations of radionuclides in ground and surface water on the site and in river water taken near the site. Alpha and beta-gamma contamination levels inside and outside some of the buildings were above limits set by current federal guidelines concerning the release of property for unrestricted use. Elevated external gamma radiation levels were measured at some outdoor locations and in some of the buildings. Licensable concentrations of uranium were found in soil at some places, and the concentration of uranium in a water sample taken from a core hole between Buildings 100 and 101 was in excess of limits set by current federal standards. Radon and radon daughter concentrations in three buildings were in excess of current federal guidelines for nonoccupational radiation exposure.

Study of the production of residual evaporation nuclei issued from the spallation reaction of uranium-238 by 1 GeV protons; Etude de la production de noyaux residuels d'evaporation issus de la reaction de spallation de l'uranium-238 par des protons a 1 GeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Taieb, J

2000-10-01

The spallation reaction by high energy protons is one of the envisaged nuclear reactions for production of exotic nuclei. We have measured the production of more than 300 different evaporation residues issued by the spallation reaction of Uranium-238 by 1 GeV protons. We used the reverse kinematics technique in order to produce the relativistic nuclei and therefore to be able to detect those nuclides within a very short time, shorter in most cases than the radioactive disintegration period. The achieved nuclear charge and mass resolution are excellent. They allow a good accuracy on the values of the measured cross-sections (10 to 15%). We have observed for the first time the nuclide Actinium-235 obtained consequently to the loss of 3 protons by the projectile. The measured isotopic distribution are strongly influenced by the mechanism of fission which leads to a strong reduction of the production of the heavy neutron deficient isotopes. We have compared our results to some other measurements achieved with radio-chemical methods at a similar energy. We observed a systematic disagreement of about 40%. Some comparison with the available systematics show that those are presently not able to reproduce the data with a reasonable precision. We could also measure the recoil momentum distribution for each studied isotopes. We show that Goldhaber's model agrees very well with the experiment in case. of 'cold' channels where the evaporation of particles never occurs. On the other hand, when the produced pre-fragment is excited the data show that Goldhaber's model does not reproduce.the data showing the limitation of such an approach. We finally tried to reproduce the measurement of evaporation residue cross-section thanks to the coupling of intra-nuclear cascade and statistical evaporation codes. The influence of the fission process is rather important is the system p+U; we therefore had to account for the dynamical aspect of the fission. We also showed

Anomalies of Nuclear Criticality, Revision 6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clayton, E.D.; Prichard, Andrew W.; Durst, Bonita E.; Erickson, David; Puigh, Raymond J.

2010-01-01

This report is revision 6 of the Anomalies of Nuclear Criticality. This report is required reading for the training of criticality professionals in many organizations both nationally and internationally. This report describes many different classes of nuclear criticality anomalies that are different than expected. An anomaly is defined as something not in keeping with expected notions of fitness and order, a departure from the regular arrangement or general rule. In reviewing the literature and experimental data on nuclear criticality and the conditions under which a fission chain reaction can be achieved, a number of anomalies have come to light. The actinide group is composed of the fourteen elements beginning with thorium, Atomic No. 90, and ending with lawrencium, Atomic No. 103. There are about 220 known actinide isotopes, most of which are believed capable of supporting neutron chain reactions. Although every element in the actinide group has at least one isotope believed capable of supporting a chain reaction, from a practical point of view regarding the time for chemical processing, only those nuclides with half-lives more than several weeks are of obvious concern in criticality safety. Forty-six of the nuclides are known to have half-lives greater than six weeks. The selection of six weeks is somewhat arbitrary. There may well be shorter-lived nuclides of concern in criticality safety. These 46 nuclides are identified in Figure 44. Of the 46 nuclides, 4 are known and 37 are believed to be capable of supporting chain reactions, and 5 are known or believed to not support a chain reaction. Figure 44 was constructed in the format used for the Chart of the Nuclides.(1) Figure 44 also shows the distinction between fissile and fissible nuclides. The actinides derive their name from actinium (Atomic No. 89) because they tend to maintain an actinium-like electron structure as the fourteen inner electrons are added to the 5f electron shell. Actually, electrons do

The Properties of Trilaurylmethylammonium Nitrate as an Extractant for Trivalent Actinides. RCN Report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ooyen, J. van

1970-03-01

The concept of the group of the actinide elements as a f-type transition series within the periodic system was first launched by G.T. Seaborg in 1944]. In this transition series the filling up of the 5 f electron shell would cause a close similarity with the lanthanide series. This proved to be a very fruitful hypothesis in the prediction of the properties of the new elements americium and curium that soon were discovered. The new hypothesis necessitated a shift of the accepted ideas concerning the place of the elements thorium, protactinium and uranium in the periodic table. In fact, the chemistry of these elements had never been considered to be so closely parallel to that of the lanthanides. On the contrary, the trend in the stability of the oxidation states had been interpreted to indicate that these elements would belong to group IVA, VA and VIA respectively. It is undeniable that there are marked differences in oxidation states between the lanthanide elements and the first six elements of the actinide series. However, physical and chemical investigations both of the newly discovered elements and the elements actinium to uranium disclosed many resemblances with the lanthanides that had not been noticed before in this group. The actinide elements - and more in particular the transuranium elements - have been the subject of a number of monographs covering the discovery, the synthesis, the systematics, the chemistry, and (or) the nuclear properties of these elements. It is for this reason that the scope of the following sections in this chapter will be limited to a summary of the chemistry in sofar as it is relevant to the investigations described in the following chapters, viz., the properties of the elements in aqueous systems and more in particular in those systems containing nitrate ions

Alpha Emitting Radionuclides and Radiopharmaceuticals for Therapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chérel, Michel; Barbet, Jacques

2013-01-01

Today, cancer treatments mainly rely on surgery or external beam radiation to remove or destroy bulky tumors. Chemotherapy is given when tumours cannot be removed or when dissemination is suspected. However, these approaches cannot permanently treat all cancers and relapse occurs in up to 50% of the patients’ population. Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) are effective against some disseminated and metastatic diseases, although they are rarely curative. Most preclinical and clinical developments in this field have involved electron-emitting radionuclides, particularly iodine-131, yttrium-90 and lutetium-177. The large range of the electrons emitted by these radionuclides reduces their efficacy against very small tumour cell clusters or isolated tumour cells present in residual disease and in many haematological tumours (leukaemia, myeloma). The range of alpha particles in biological tissues is very short, less than 0.1 mm, which makes alpha emitters theoretically ideal for treatment of such isolated tumour cells or micro-clusters of malignant cells. Thus, over the last decade, a growing interest for the use of alpha-emitting radionuclides has emerged. Research on targeted alpha therapy (TAT) began years ago in Nantes through cooperation between Subatech, a nuclear physics laboratory, CRCNA, a cancer research centre with a nuclear oncology team and ITU (Karlsruhe, Germany). CD138 was demonstrated as a potential target antigen for Multiple Myeloma, which is a target of huge clinical interest particularly suited for TAT because of the disseminated nature of the disease consisting primarily of isolated cells and small clusters of tumour cells mainly localized in the bone marrow. Thus anti-CD138 antibodies were labelled with bismuth-213 from actinium-225/bismuth-213 generators provided by ITU and used to target multiple myeloma cells. In vitro studies showed cell cycle arrest, synergism with chemotherapy and very little induction

The effects of actinide separation on the radiological consequences of disposal of high-level radioactive waste on the ocean bed

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Camplin, W.C.; Grimwood, P.D.; White, I.F.

1980-01-01

One option in the management of high-level radioactive wastes is to separate the actinides prior to vitrification and disposal. This option is examined in the context of disposal of high-level wastes on the deep ocean bed. The initial quantity of waste corresponds to the generation of 1000 GW(e)y of nuclear energy, and the actinide-separation process is assumed to remove 99% of all elements of atomic number greater than that of actinium. The models used to describe the dispersion of activity from a single disposal site on the bed of the Atlantic Ocean represent both local dispersion and long-term mixing. Collective doses and doses to individuals are calculated for six potential pathways: ingestion of fish, crustacea, molluscs, plankton and seaweed, and external irradiation from contaminated beach sediments. The period from 400 to 1,000,000 years after disposal is considered. The potential radiological impact from disposal of high-level waste without separation of actinides on the ocean bed arises from the actinides; isotopes of americium, neptunium and plutonium give the highest doses. Actinide separation would reduce these doses in proportion to the effectiveness of the separation process, until doses become determined by fission products rather than actinides: the achievable dose reduction would be a factor of approximately a hundred, or less for certain pathways. This reduction applies only to doses to the public from waste disposal: no account was taken of doses arising from the separation process itself or from the management of the separated actinides. The results of the assessment are contrasted with those of similar studies based on toxicity indices. Major deficiencies are identified in the use of toxicity indices as a basis for decision-making. (author)

An aerial radiological survey of the Nevada Test Site

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hendricks, T.J.; Riedhauser, S.R.

1999-01-01

A team from the Remote Sensing Laboratory conducted an aerial radiological survey of the US Department of Energy's Nevada Test Site including three neighboring areas during August and September 1994. The survey team measured the terrestrial gamma radiation at the Nevada Test Site to determine the levels of natural and man-made radiation. This survey included the areas covered by previous surveys conducted from 1962 through 1993. The results of the aerial survey showed a terrestrial background exposure rate that varied from less than 6 microroentgens per hour (mR/h) to 50 mR/h plus a cosmic-ray contribution that varied from 4.5 mR/h at an elevation of 900 meters (3,000 feet) to 8.5 mR/h at 2,400 meters (8,000 feet). In addition to the principal gamma-emitting, naturally occurring isotopes (potassium-40, thallium-208, bismuth-214, and actinium-228), the man-made radioactive isotopes found in this survey were cobalt-60, cesium-137, europium-152, protactinium-234m an indicator of depleted uranium, and americium-241, which are due to human actions in the survey area. Individual, site-wide plots of gross terrestrial exposure rate, man-made exposure rate, and americium-241 activity (approximating the distribution of all transuranic material) are presented. In addition, expanded plots of individual areas exhibiting these man-made contaminations are given. A comparison is made between the data from this survey and previous aerial radiological surveys of the Nevada Test Site. Some previous ground-based measurements are discussed and related to the aerial data. In regions away from man-made activity, the exposure rates inferred from the gamma-ray measurements collected during this survey agreed very well with the exposure rates inferred from previous aerial surveys

Radiological analysis of environmental samples in some points of the coast of the Gulf of Mexico and Coast of Quintana Roo, Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Salas Mar, Bernardo; Martinez Negrete, Marco Antonio; Ruiz Chavarria, Gerardo; Abarca Munguia, Jose

2008-01-01

Full text: We describe in this paper the results obtained by the project 'Radiological analysis of environmental samples in some points of the coast of the Gulf of Mexico and coast of Quintana Roo, Mexico'. The purpose of the study is to identify and quantify the natural and anthropogenic radionuclides present from sediments, sand and seawater from several sites located along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribean Sea. The samples are analysed in a Canberra Multichannel analyzer system for gamma spectrometry, equipped with a detector of hyper pure germanium and a Genie 2000 software, in the 'Laboratory of Radiological Analysis of Environmental Samples', belonging to the Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). The geographic sites were samples were taken include the states of Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Tabasco, Campeche, Yucatan and Quintana Roo. The results of this studies will be published at the end of the project and we hope they will be useful for the national health and industrial sectors. Until now we have identified and measured the presence of natural radionuclides such as Potassium-40 (K-40), Bismuth 212 (Bi-212), Lead-212 (Pb-212), Bismuth-214 (Bi-214), Lead-214 (Pb-214), Radium-226 (Ra-226), Actinium 228 (Ac-228), Uranium-235 (U-235), as well as some anthropogenic radionuclides found near the Laguna Verde Nuclear Power Plant. The project is scheduled to last for three years, finishing in 2009. At its ending we shall be able to present conclusions and identify some tendencies, in connection with the background and possible radioactive contamination of the studied zones. This project takes place under the auspice of the 'Program of Support to Projects of Research and Technological Innovation' of the National Autonomous University of Mexico. (author)

Complexes of groups 3,4, the lanthanides and the actinides containing neutral phophorus donor ligands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fryzuk, M.D.; Haddad, T.S.; Berg, D.J.

1990-01-01

Of relevance to this review are complexes of the early transition elements, in particular groups 3 and 4 and the lanthanides and actinides. In this review the authors have attempted to collect all the data up to the end of 1988 for complexed of groups 3 and 4, the lanthanides and the actinides that contain phosphorus donor ligands. The 1989s have seen a renaissance of the use of phosphine donors for the early d elements (groups 3 and 4) and the f elements. Neutral phosphorus donors are defined as primary (PH 2 R), secondary (PH 2 ) or tertiary phosphines (PR 3 ), including complexes of phosphine, PH 3 . Also reviewed are complexes of PF 3 and phosphites, P(OR) 3 . Specifically excluded are phosphido derivates, PR 2 . The ability of a neutral phosphorus donor to bind the metals of groups 3 and 4, the lanthanides and the actinides is now well established. While there are still no examples of lanthanum or actinium phosphine complexes, such derivatives should be accessible at least for lanthanum. series. However, there is no obvious chemical reason to suggest that such derivatives cannot be generated. The phosphine ligands that appear to generate the most stable phosphine-metal interaction are chelating phosphines such as dmpe, trmpe and trimpsi. In addition, the use of the chelate effect in conjunction with a hard ligand such as the amide in - N(SiMe 2 CH 2 PMe 2 ) 2 , or an alkoxide as found in - OC(BU t ) 2 CH 2 PMe 2 , also appears to be effective in anchoring the phosphine donor to the metal. The majority of low oxidation state derivatives of the group 4 elements are stabilized by phosphine donors in contrast with other parts of the transition series where one finds that classic π-acceptor-type ligands such as CO or RNC are utilized. 233 refs

The discovery of plutonium reorganized the periodic table and aided the discovery of new elements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clark, David L.

2009-01-01

The modern Periodic Table derives principally from the work of the great Russian scientist Dimitri Mendeleev, who in 1869 enunciated a 'periodic law' that the properties of the elements are a periodic function of their atomic weights, and arranged the 65 known elements in a 'periodic table'. Fundamentally, every column in the main body of the Periodic Table is a grouping of elements that display similar chemical and physical behavior. Similar properties are therefore exhibited by elements with widely different mass. Chemical periodicity is central to the study of chemistry, and no other generalization comes close to its ability to systematize and rationalize known chemical facts. With the development of atomic theory, and an understanding of the electronic structure of atoms, chemical periodicity and the periodic table now find their natural explanation in the electronic structure of atoms. Moving from left to right along any row, the elements are arranged sequentially according to nuclear charge (the atomic number). Electrons counter balance that nuclear charge, hence each successive element has one more electron in its configuration. The electron configuration, or distribution of electrons among atomic orbitals, may be determined by application of the Pauli principle (paired spin in the same orbital) and the aufbau principle (which outlines the order of filling of electrons into shells of orbitals - s, p, d, f, etc.) such that in a given atom, no two electrons may have all four quantum numbers identical. In 1939, only three elements were known to be heavier than actinium: thorium, protactinium, and uranium. All three exhibited variable oxidation states and a complex chemistry. Thorium, protactinium and uranium were assumed to be d-transition metals and were placed in the Periodic Table under hafnium, tantalum, and tungsten, respectively. By 1940, McMillan and Abelson bombarded uranium atoms with slow neutrons and successfully identified atoms of element 93, which

Termination of Safeguards on ULWBR Material

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ivan R. Thomas; Ernest L. Laible

2008-01-01

The Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Environmental Management, has approved the disposition of 31 metric tons of Unirradiated Light Water Breeder Reactor (ULWBR) material in canisters stored within dry wells of the Underground Fuel Storage Facility at the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC). This unirradiated material consists primarily of ceramic pellets of thorium oxide in stainless steel cladding, but it also contains 300 kilograms of uranium that is 98 wt% U-233. The ULWBR material was not processed at the INTEC because it was incompatible with prior chemical separation schemes. Other economical recovery options have not been identified, and expressions of interest for consolidating the material with existing projects at other DOE sites have not been received. The U-233 could be used for producing the medical isotope Actinium-225, but the proof-of-principle demonstration and follow-on pilot program have not been developed to the point of requiring production quantities of U-233. Consequently, the selected disposition of the ULWBR material was burial as Low Level Waste at the Nevada Test Site (NTS), which required terminating safeguards controls for the contained Category II quantity of Attractiveness Level D special nuclear material (SNM). The requested termination followed the twelve point evaluation criteria of the Historical Defense Program Discard Guidance and included a security analysis for evaluating the risks of theft, diversion, and radiological sabotage associated with the material. Continuity of knowledge in the book inventory was assured by documenting that the original shipper's measurements accurately reflected the quantities of materials received and that the ULWBR materials had remained under adequate physical protection and had been subject to periodic physical inventories. The method selected for substantiating the book values as the basis for terminating safeguards was the nondestructive assay used during physical

Optimizing labelling conditions of 213Bi-DOTATATE for preclinical applications of peptide receptor targeted alpha therapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Chan, Ho Sze; de Blois, Erik; Konijnenberg, Mark W; Morgenstern, Alfred; Bruchertseifer, Frank; Norenberg, Jeffrey P; Verzijlbergen, Fred J; de Jong, Marion; Breeman, Wouter A P

2017-01-01

213 Bismuth ( 213 Bi, T 1/2 = 45.6 min) is one of the most frequently used α-emitters in cancer research. High specific activity radioligands are required for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. The use of generators containing less than 222 MBq 225 Ac (actinium), due to limited availability and the high cost to produce large-scale 225 Ac/ 213 Bi generators, might complicate in vitro and in vivo applications though.Here we present optimized labelling conditions of a DOTA-peptide with an 225 Ac/ 213 Bi generator (< 222 MBq) for preclinical applications using DOTA-Tyr 3 -octreotate (DOTATATE), a somatostatin analogue. The following labelling conditions of DOTATATE with 213 Bi were investigated; peptide mass was varied from 1.7 to 7.0 nmol, concentration of TRIS buffer from 0.15 mol.L -1 to 0.34 mol.L -1 , and ascorbic acid from 0 to 71 mmol.L -1 in 800 μL. All reactions were performed at 95 °C for 5 min. After incubation, DTPA (50 nmol) was added to stop the labelling reaction. Besides optimizing the labelling conditions, incorporation yield was determined by ITLC-SG and radiochemical purity (RCP) was monitored by RP-HPLC up to 120 min after labelling. Dosimetry studies in the reaction vial were performed using Monte Carlo and in vitro clonogenic assay was performed with a rat pancreatic tumour cell line, CA20948. At least 3.5 nmol DOTATATE was required to obtain incorporation ≥ 99 % with 100 MBq 213 Bi (at optimized pH conditions, pH 8.3 with 0.15 mol.L -1 TRIS) in a reaction volume of 800 μL. The cumulative absorbed dose in the reaction vial was 230 Gy/100 MBq in 30 min. A minimal final concentration of 0.9 mmol.L -1 ascorbic acid was required for ~100 MBq (t = 0) to minimize radiation damage of DOTATATE. The osmolarity was decreased to 0.45 Osmol/L.Under optimized labelling conditions, 213 Bi-DOTATATE remained stable up to 2 h after labelling, RCP was ≥ 85 %. In vitro showed a negative correlation between ascorbic acid

The contribution of radioisotopes in secular equilibrium in the transport index of fissile uranium compounds in different enrichments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, Teresinha de Moraes da; Sordi, Gian M.A.A.

2008-01-01

Full text: This work shows the contribution of radioisotopes in secular equilibrium in the transport index (TI) of some fissile uranium compounds: uranium oxides UO 2 , U 3 O 8 and uranium silicide U 3 Si 2 , taking into account the different enrichment grades.The range of enrichment (E%) studied was 3,4,5,7,10,20,30,40,50,93 and 100. Initially, the cell of optimum moderation ratio was built, since it represents the most reactive of the system (consisting of uranium), with maximum infinitive multiplication factor k∞, in certain concentration of uranium for each enrichment. This was made using the computer program Gamtec II. The critical radius of a sphere was calculated for a cell of optimum moderation ratio, in order to calculate the critical mass of the uranium compound or of the uranium element for each specific enrichment. For this the program Citation was used. In this study it was calculated the smallest critical mass of the uranium compound or the smallest critical mass of the uranium element. The objective was to match the largest mass of the uranium with each specific enrichment. The largest safety mass corresponds to 45% the critical mass the compound uranium or uranium element. Then, we calculated the uranium element safety mass, which it related to a fifth of this mass to the value 50, which corresponds to criticality safety index (CSI). That is, 20% of the safety mass is the value where the transport is carried out with subcritical mass, going in favor of the security. From the uranium element safety mass (USM) was determined for each enrichment , and it was calculated the mass of 235 U, activity 235 U and dose rate of 235 U, the same items were calculated for the isotope 238 U. The total dose rate was calculated for two isotopes, and applying the transport index definition as the gamma dose rate for the distance of 1 m from the packed, it was determined the TI for 20% of the safety mass for each enrichment of the compound studied. The study of

Radiation Doses to Members of the U.S. Population from Ubiquitous Radionuclides in the Body: Part 3, Results, Variability, and Uncertainty

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Watson, David J.; Strom, Daniel J.

2011-01-01

This paper is part three of a three-part series investigating annual effective doses to residents of the United States from intakes of ubiquitous radionuclides, including radionuclides occurring naturally, radionuclides whose concentrations are technologically enhanced, and anthropogenic radionuclides. The radionuclides of interest are the 238 U series (14 nuclides), the actinium series (headed by 235 U; 11 nuclides), and the 232 Th series (11 nuclides); primordial radionuclides 87 Rb and 40 K; cosmogenic and fallout radionuclides 14 C and 3 H; and purely anthropogenic radionuclides 137 Cs- 137m Ba, 129 I and 90 Sr- 90 Y. This series of papers explicitly excludes intakes from inhaling 222 Rn, 220 Rn, and their short-lived decay products; it also excludes intakes of radionuclides in occupational and medical settings. Part one reviewed, summarized, characterized, and grouped all published and some unpublished data for U.S. residents on ubiquitous radionuclide concentrations in tissues and organs. Part two described the methods used to organize the data collected in part one and segregate it into the ages and genders defined by the study, imputed missing values from the existing data, apportioned activity in bone, and imputed activity in hollow organ contents and the remainder of the body. This paper estimates equivalent doses to target tissues from source regions and maps target tissues to lists of tissues with International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) tissue-weighting factors or to surrogate tissue regions when there is no direct match. Effective doses, using ICRP tissue-weighting factors recommended in 1977, 1990, and 2007, are then calculated, and an upper bound of variability of the effective dose is estimated by calculating the average coefficients of variation (CV), assuming all variance is due to variability. Most of the data were for adult males, whose average annual effective dose is estimated to be 337 (micro)Sv y -1 (CV = 0.65, geometric mean

Application of lanthanide ions doped in different glasses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dhondiyal, Charu Chandra

2015-01-01

The transfer of optical excitation energy from one ion/molecule to another ion/molecule has proved to be of potential importance in industrial application as well as research. Rare earth elements (RE) although not as rare as some of them occur more prevalently then other well known material (e.g. silver, tin, tungsten) are special group of elements of the periodic table comprising lanthanide series (from lanthanum to lutetium) and actinide series (from actinium to lawrencium). Most of the actinides are highly radioactive hence their uses are limited. Fluorescence is the particular optical property of lanthanide (RE) ions. The narrow absorption and emission lines exhibited by the RE ions in crystals, glasses and solutions have always made these ions attractive as sensitive probes of solids and liquid state and also makes them useful in laser technology, CRT displays, UV to visible converters and optical communications etc. In recent years there has been a special interest to study the properties and applications of rare earth doped in glasses. Lanthanide ions in glasses play an important role, especially by retaining their emission capabilities, in the host matrix. Glass as a dielectric material plays an important role in science and industry. Its chemical, physical and particular optical properties make it suitable for applications such as opto-electronic materials, laboratory equipment, laser gain media, etc. Photoluminescence from rare earth doped glasses are of major interest in the research area of optoelectronic device applications like phosphors, display monitors, lasers and amplifiers for communication systems. Now a days, development of optical devices based on rare-earth ions doped materials is one of the interesting fields of research. Rare earth doped glasses are widely used as laser materials, optical amplifiers, optical memory devices, magneto-optical devices, medical lasers, eye safe lasers, flat panel displays, fluorescent lamps, white LED's etc

Therapy with high LET Radioisotopes: Can sufficient levels of attractive Auger and alpha emitters be produced to make their use practical?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Knapp, F.F. Jr.; Mirzadeh, S.; Stabin, M.; Brill, A.B.

2005-01-01

Because of localized energy deposition within a very small volume, cellular targeted therapy with high linear energy transfer (LET) Auger-electron and alpha-particle emitting radioisotopes is of great interest. While the energy deposition from alpha particles usually encompasses several cell diameters, the dose from Auger electrons is confined to a single cell. Two major challenges for broader use of Alpha and Auger emitters are the efficient and cost effective routine production of sufficient levels of these radioisotopes, and the availability of targeting molecules to which the radioisotopes can be attached for cellular delivery of sufficient levels of activity for effective therapy. Examples of several Alpha-and Auger-emitting radioisotopes of current interest are presented. Alpha- and Auger electron-emitting radioisotopes can be produced in accelerators (A) and nuclear reactors (R), and several alpha emitter congeners (i.e. thorium-229) can be obtained from uranium decay products. The challenge for reactor production, is the availability and exploitation of methods - other then the usual radiative (n,γ) production route which will provide no-carrier-added (nca) or the high specific activity radioisotopes of interest. The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes High LET radioisotopes of current interest which are in the initial stages of development and/or which demonstrate practical use in clinical trials include several alpha-emitters, in particular bismuth-213 - and also the actinium-225 parent - astatine-211 and bismuth-212. Extensive experimental studies have been reported with Auger iododeoxyuridine (IdUR) radiolabeled with the iodine-125 emitter-labeled. However, development of production

Production of rare earth polishing powders in Russia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kosynkin, V.D.; Ivanov, E.N.; Kotrekhov, V.A.; Shtutza, M.G.; Grabko, A.I.

1998-01-01

in a suspension; polishing powder Ftoropol with addition of fluorine and higher contents of cerium dioxide (at least 70% by mass) that has a higher polishing ability and is attrition-proof, used for high-speed treatment of optical lenses, mirrors, TV screens and eyeglasses. The rare earth polishing powders made in Russia possess the following physico-chemical properties and performance characteristics; cerium dioxide content in solid REE solution - 50-90% by mass; F-ion content (in Ftoropol powder) - 8-14% by mass; non-REE content of sodium, calcium, strontium and iron impurities - at most 0.1% by mass of each element; natural radionuclide content of thorium, uranium, actinium, potassium-40 series, total standard specific activity - 0.45-0.85 Bq/g; - average particle size, 2.0-3.5 μm; density - 6.3-6.8 g/cm 3 ; pH of aqueous extract, 6-7; sedimentary stability - 10-20 minutes; polishing ability - 45-60 mg per 31 minutes (for polishing resin); abrasive inclusions - none. The report gives analysis of the. Russian powders compared against the best world analogues such as Cerox (Rhone Poulenc Company, France), Regipol (London and Scandinavian Division Chemical Company, England), etc. The analysis results imply, that the chief characteristics (granulometric composition, polishing ability and service life) of the Russian samples do not yield to the best foreign analogues, and in some properties (radionuclide content, sedimentary stability and scratching inclusions quantity) even surpass them

Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators

Science.gov (United States)

Raja, Rajendran; Mishra, Shekhar

2010-06-01

collider and neutrino factory - summary of working group 2 / J. Galambos, R. Garoby and S. Geer -- Prospects for a very high power CW SRF linac / R. A. Rimmer -- Indian accelerator program for ADS applications / V. C. Sahni and P. Singh -- Ion accelerator activities at VECC (particularly, operating at low temperature) / R. K. Bhandari -- Chinese efforts in high intensity proton accelerators / S. Fu, J. Wang and S. Fang -- ADSR activity in the UK / R. J. Barlow -- ADS development in Japan / K. Kikuchi -- Project-X, SRF, and very large power stations / C. M. Ankenbrandt, R. P. Johnson and M. Popovic -- Power production and ADS / R. Raja -- Experimental neutron source facility based on accelerator driven system / Y. Gohar -- Transmutation mission / W. S. Yang -- Safety performance and issues / J. E. Cahalan -- Spallation target design for accelerator-driven systems / Y. Gohar -- Design considerations for accelerator transmutation of waste system / W. S. Yang -- Japan ADS program / T. Sasa -- Overview of members states' and IAEA activities in the field of Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS) / A. Stanculescu -- Linac for ADS applications - accelerator technologies / R. W. Garnett and R. L. Sheffield -- SRF linacs and accelerator driven sub-critical systems - summary working groups 3 & 4 / J. Delayen -- Production of Actinium-225 via high energy proton induced spallation of Thorium-232 / J. Harvey ... [et al.] -- Search for the electric dipole moment of Radium-225 / R. J. Holt, Z.-T. Lu and R. Mueller -- SRF linac and material science and medicine - summary of working group 5 / J. Nolen, E. Pitcher and H. Kirk.

Biological pathways of exposure and ecotoxicity values for uranium and associated radionuclides: Chapter D in Hydrological, geological, and biological site characterization of breccia pipe uranium deposits in Northern Arizona

Science.gov (United States)

Hinck, Jo E.; Linder, Greg L.; Finger, Susan E.; Little, Edward E.; Tillitt, Donald E.; Kuhne, Wendy

2010-01-01

This chapter compiles available chemical and radiation toxicity information for plants and animals from the scientific literature on naturally occurring uranium and associated radionuclides. Specifically, chemical and radiation hazards associated with radionuclides in the uranium decay series including uranium, thallium, thorium, bismuth, radium, radon, protactinium, polonium, actinium, and francium were the focus of the literature compilation. In addition, exposure pathways and a food web specific to the segregation areas were developed. Major biological exposure pathways considered were ingestion, inhalation, absorption, and bioaccumulation, and biota categories included microbes, invertebrates, plants, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. These data were developed for incorporation into a risk assessment to be conducted as part of an environmental impact statement for the Bureau of Land Management, which would identify representative plants and animals and their relative sensitivities to exposure of uranium and associated radionuclides. This chapter provides pertinent information to aid in the development of such an ecological risk assessment but does not estimate or derive guidance thresholds for radionuclides associated with uranium. Previous studies have not attempted to quantify the risks to biota caused directly by the chemical or radiation releases at uranium mining sites, although some information is available for uranium mill tailings and uranium mine closure activities. Research into the biological impacts of uranium exposure is strongly biased towards human health and exposure related to enriched or depleted uranium associated with the nuclear energy industry rather than naturally occurring uranium associated with uranium mining. Nevertheless, studies have reported that uranium and other radionuclides can affect the survival, growth, and reproduction of plants and animals. Exposure to chemical and radiation hazards is influenced by a

The production of radioisotopes with a betatron using an internal bombarding technique; Production de radioisotopes par bombardement interne dans un betatron; Proizvodstvo radioizotopov s pomoshch'yu betatrona s ispol'zovaniem metoda vnutrennej bombardirovki; Obtencion de radioisotopos por bombardeo interno en el betatron

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Morinaga, H [Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai (Japan)

1962-01-15

des cibles internes n'a ete employee que pour les travaux de spectroscopie nucleaire; elle a permis d'identifier huit nouvelles especes d'isotopes radioactifs (cobalt-63, gallium-75, arsenic-81, indium-121, indium-123, thulium-173, thulium-175 et actinium-231) et de decouvrir plusieurs nouveaux isomeres. L'efficacite de cette technique de bombardement ouvre de nouvelles perspectives, car les betatrons employes a des fins medicales ou industrielles ou pour la recherche peuvent aussi servir a la production de radioelements. Les radioisotopes de courte periode sont souvent plus commodes a utiliser dans diverses applications en raison de leur desintegration rapide et des rayonnements de haute energie qu'ils emettent, et peuvent etre fabriques facilement sans exiger d'operations compliquees. (author) [Spanish] El autor ha ideado y empleado con exito un nuevo metodo para obtener en el betatron radioisotopos de elevada actividad especifica. Los materiales que se desee activar se colocan en el extremo de una varilla que se introduce desde el exterior en el tubo toroidal, y se irradian a la presion de una atmosfera en un lugar situado inmediatamente detras clel blanco que emite las radiaciones de frenado, en el que la intensidad de las radiaciones es extremadamente elevada. El autor produjo en una pieza pequena de cobre una actividad de saturacion de {sup 62}Cu superior a un milicurie, y la actividad especifica mas elevada que pudo alcanzar era unas 500 veces mayor que la obtenida con ayuda de los dispositivos corrientes. Por ahora, la tecnica del blanco interior solo se emplea para trabajos de espectroscopia nuclear. El autor ha Identificado por este metodo ocho nuevas especies radioisotopicas ({sup 63}Co, {sup 75}Ga, {sup 81}As, {sup 121}In, {sup 123}In, {sup 173}Tm, {sup 175}Tm y {sup 231}Ac) y ha encontrado varios nuevos isomeros. Esta tecnica de bombardeo abre posibilidades nuevas porque los betatrones que hoy se emplean en medicina, en la industria o en la investigacion

Preface

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Siwek-Wilczynska, K.

2006-01-01

of the lifetimes in 128 Cs, the dE/dx values for the Cs recoils moving in the target material (Sn) were measured. A substantial difference between the electronic stopping power obtained in our experiment and that in Ziegler's predictions was found. Some new data on the half-life of the isomeric states in neutron reach nuclei( 97 Sr, 97 Y and 131 Sb) are presented. Neutron reach nuclei were produced by thermal-neutron induced fission of the actinium elements at the high-flux reactor at the ILL (Grenoble). Among contributions concerning experimental methods and instrumentation, I would like to mention the report on a new radiobiological facility operating at the Heavy Ion Laboratory in Warsaw. The facility allows to vary the energy from 2 MeV/nucleon to 10 MeV/nucleon. As already mentioned, most of the work presented in this Annual Report results from close collaboration with our colleagues from many foreign as well as Polish institutes and universities. In this place, I would like to express our deep gratitude to all our friends and collaborators around the world. I would also like to acknowledge the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science (MEiN). (author)

[A nurse, a historian, a writer, a teaching specialist, a care designer, and ... a woman].

Science.gov (United States)

Vigil-Ripoche, Marie-André

2011-12-01

Marie-Françoise Collière (1930-2005) was a great lady of the nursing profession recognized worldwide for her expertise. As a historian, a pioneer and an activist of the cause of the female nurses and health care, she devoted her life to giving the profession the first meaning of care, ie: accompanying the patient through his life, from the birth to the death, through disease, accident and ageing. Thus, for Marie-Françoise Collière, "Caring means health-care through the satisfaction of a series of needs which are indispensable for life but which have diverse manifestations". Here is the story of her life and her trajectory.

A Cidade e a Criança

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maurícia Santos de Holanda Bezerra

2013-01-01

A autora Mayumi Watanabe de Souza Lima (1934-1994 foi arquiteta, sua carreira foi dedicada ao planejamento, projeto e construção de equipamentos públicos para a educação de crianças e de jovens. Suas obras, A Cidade e a Criança (1989 e Arquitetura e Educação (1995 revelam a preocupação com os projetos dos espaços de parques e escolas, principalmente, com os seus usuários.

Venice: a meeting, a plague, a death

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Óscar Botasso

2008-10-01

Full Text Available Death in Venice is based on the novella of the same name by Thomas Mann, except that in the cinema version the main character, Gustav von Aschenbach, is a musician instead of a writer. Owing to poetic license not always within the layman’s grasp, Luchino Visconti also wished to identify the artist with Gustav Mahler. Beyond such dissimilarities, however, the film is a feasible recreation of the story and a faithful reconstruction of those times: a Venice divorced from its former splendor and invaded by a plague and yet at the same time still able to evoke the captivating, nostalgic legacy of its magnificent past. An ideal scenario indeed for the musical ideas of Mahler, and perfectly reflected in the Midnight Song and the adagietto of his third and fifth symphonies.

A retirement and a reservation: a retrospective autobiography.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Sok K

2012-01-01

A retirement is a rite of passage that requires careful planning, because it forces a retiree to make a shift in the paradigm in life. For 37 years, I was a healing professional, a breadwinner, and a working spouse. I am now a jobless loner, an inactive pensioner, and a homebound spouse. In this retrospective autobiography, I suggest a few points to help my younger colleagues to better their upcoming retirement: professional, financial, social, and familial. To overcome Erikson's identity crisis, I volunteered to be a wounded healer at Warm Springs Indian Reservation. My volunteer medical service at Warm Springs Indian Reservation was a good antidote to creatively overcome my postretirement blues.

A batuta da morte a orquestrar a vida

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Altair Macedo Lahud Loureiro

Full Text Available Com colocações de outros estudiosos da morte, teço e apresento apontamentos rápidos sobre a morte a organizar a vida. Esposo a idéia da necessidade da morte para que a vida tenha sentido nesta busca humana da completude. Endereço o olhar para uma situação especial de relação com a morte: a reação dos que ficam ao presenciar e sentir a morte de um dos seus idosos; daquele familiar, ou não, que assume o seu cuidado e acompanha o seu fim iminente; que presencia, humanamente impotente, a hora da solitária partida. Solitária morte, pois que exclusiva, própria daquele idoso do qual cuidava, do seu fim natural, por ser humano.

A rose is a rose is a rose

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vinkers, Christiaan H.

2017-01-01

Over a century ago in 1913, the poet Gertrude Stein wrote these famous words: sometimes things are just what they are. There has been a recent debate centred around the question whether or not schizophrenia exists. Is there a brain disease that can be called schizophrenia? What difference does it

A device, a system and a method of encoding a position of an object

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2012-01-01

The present invention relates to a device for encoding a position of an object, comprising a first light source; a first collimating element adapted to form first collimated light from the first light source; a carrier adapted to guide light and comprising a first primary light redirecting...... structure and a second primary light redirecting structure; and a detector device for encoding the position of an object with respect to an active area of an encoding plane; wherein the first primary light redirecting structure is adapted to redirect at least a part of a first light beam through the active...

Mapping a Space for a Rhetorical-Cultural Analysis: A Case of a Scientific Proposal

Science.gov (United States)

Dorpenyo, Isidore Kafui

2015-01-01

This article analyzes a proposal submitted to a funding unit in Michigan Technological University by a PhD Forestry student. A rhetorical-cultural approach of the text provides evidence to argue that scientific writing is rooted in a cultural practice that valorizes certain kinds of thought, practices, rituals, and symbols; that a scientist's work…

A game is a game is a game

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, Ida Kathrine Hammeleff

2017-01-01

Recently self-referentiality have occurred as a trend among game designers and have also enjoyed sporadic attention in academia. However, in academia, discussions of self-referential games often rest on proceduralist arguments and a too exclusive focus on the game object. This paper draws...... on the typology of meta-pictures developed by art historian J.W.T. Mitchell. Based on this typology, this paper discusses the notion of meta-games and suggest a broad conception of such games that includes not only the game object, but also the player and the discourse in which it is interpreted....

A search for a new gauge boson A'

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jensen, Eric L. [College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA (United States)

2013-08-01

In the Standard Model, gauge bosons mediate the strong, weak, and electromagnetic forces. New forces could have escaped detection only if their mediators are either heavier than order(TeV) or weakly coupled to charged matter. New vector bosons with small coupling {alpha}' arise naturally from a small kinetic mixing with the photon and have received considerable attention as an explanation of various dark matter related anomalies. Such particles can be produced in electron-nucleus fixed-target scattering and then decay to e⁺e^-+ pairs. New light vector bosons and their associated forces are a common feature of Standard Model extensions, but existing constraints are remarkably sparse. The APEX experiment will search for a new vector boson A' with coupling α'/α_fs > 6 × 10^-8 to electrons in the mass range 65MeV < mass A' < 550MeV. The experiment will study e⁺e^- production off an electron beam incident on a high-Z target in Hall A at Jefferson Lab. The e^- and e⁺ will be detected in the High Resolution Spectrometers (HRSs). The invariant mass spectrum of the e⁺e^- pairs will be scanned for a narrow resonance corresponding to the mass of the A'. A test run for the APEX experiment was held in the summer of 2010. Using the test run data, an A' search was performed in the mass range 175-250 MeV. The search found no evidence for an A' → e⁺e^-reaction, and set an upper limit of {alpha}'/{alpha}{sub fs} ~ 10^-6.

VacA, CagA, IceA and OipA Genotype Status of Helicobacter pylori ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Purpose: To investigate the state of vacA, cagA, oipA and iceA genotypes of H. pylori isolated from gastric biopsy samples of dogs. Methods: A total of 240 gastric biopsy samples were taken from 240 dogs using gastric endoscope. All the samples were cultured and H. pylori-positive samples were analyzed for the presence ...

A Burger, a Beer, and a Side of Science

Science.gov (United States)

Wiehe, B. R.; Landsberg, R. H.; Wyatt, R. J.; Turner, M. S.

2008-11-01

Science cafés (a.k.a. café scientifiques) engage unconventional adult audiences and help researchers hone their communication skills in a relaxed and fun setting. Typically held in restaurants and pubs, science cafés provide a comfortable place for the public to speak with a scientist. National and local evaluations of the café format indicate that café are an effective way to engage adult audiences (especially non-scientists). Continued media coverage also demonstrates that something about them captures the public's imagination. This paper is based on an interactive oral presentation about organizing, presenting, and partnering with science café to bring IYA themes (and other current research) directly to new audiences. Real world examples from experienced café organizers and presenters provide an overview of what a science café is, how to start one, and how to use the format to draw attention to astronomy topics. The discussion includes suggestions for tapping into the existing national and international community of cafés (there are more than 60 in the U.S. alone), and information about free outreach resources. Break-out exercises in the original oral presentation were designed to help prepare participants to: find a suitable venue, advertise, work with café speakers, and foster the inclusive conversation that is the hallmark of a science café. Participants also learned about the impacts that can be expected from a science café, including benefits to audiences, café presenters, and hosting organizations. The overall goal of the original oral presentation was to stimulate a discussion about strategies for facilitating face-to-face communication between scientists and lay audiences.

A surface containing a line and a circle through each point is a quadric

KAUST Repository

Nilov, Fedor K.; Skopenkov, Mikhail

2012-01-01

We prove that a surface in 3-dimensional Euclidean space containing a line and a circle through each point is a quadric. We also give some particular results on the classification of surfaces containing several circles through each point. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

A surface containing a line and a circle through each point is a quadric

KAUST Repository

Nilov, Fedor K.

2012-06-20

We prove that a surface in 3-dimensional Euclidean space containing a line and a circle through each point is a quadric. We also give some particular results on the classification of surfaces containing several circles through each point. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

A ROBOT AND A METHOD OF CONTROLLING A ROBOT

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2017-01-01

The present invention relates to a robot comprising a horizontal or horizontally slanted transparent experiment layer being adapted to support items at arbitrary positions on or in the experiment layer, and a moveable sensor arranged below the transparent experimental layer said sensor being...

S A H A R A J

African Journals Online (AJOL)

(2004). Social, cultural and sexual behavioral determinants of observed decline in .... was given to a life orientation educator at the local high school who was ..... out of perceived invulnerability and imagined biological immunity, based on ...

Eph receptor A10 has a potential as a target for a prostate cancer therapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nagano, Kazuya; Yamashita, Takuya; Inoue, Masaki; Higashisaka, Kazuma; Yoshioka, Yasuo; Abe, Yasuhiro; Mukai, Yohei; Kamada, Haruhiko

2014-01-01

Highlights: • EphA10 mRNA is overexpressed in breast, prostate and colon cancer cell lines. • EphA10 is overexpressed in clinical prostate tumors at mRNA and protein levels. • Anti-EphA10 antibodies were cytotoxic on EphA10-positive prostate cancer cells. - Abstract: We recently identified Eph receptor A10 (EphA10) as a novel breast cancer-specific protein. Moreover, we also showed that an in-house developed anti-EphA10 monoclonal antibody (mAb) significantly inhibited proliferation of breast cancer cells, suggesting EphA10 as a promising target for breast cancer therapy. However, the only other known report for EphA10 was its expression in the testis at the mRNA level. Therefore, the potency of EphA10 as a drug target against cancers other than the breast is not known. The expression of EphA10 in a wide variety of cancer cells was studied and the potential of EphA10 as a drug target was evaluated. Screening of EphA10 mRNA expression showed that EphA10 was overexpressed in breast cancer cell lines as well as in prostate and colon cancer cell lines. Thus, we focused on prostate cancers in which EphA10 expression was equivalent to that in breast cancers. As a result, EphA10 expression was clearly shown in clinical prostate tumor tissues as well as in cell lines at the mRNA and protein levels. In order to evaluate the potential of EphA10 as a drug target, we analyzed complement-dependent cytotoxicity effects of anti-EphA10 mAb and found that significant cytotoxicity was mediated by the expression of EphA10. Therefore, the idea was conceived that the overexpression of EphA10 in prostate cancers might have a potential as a target for prostate cancer therapy, and formed the basis for the studies reported here

‘A rose is a rose is a rose’

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vinkers, C H

2017-01-01

Over a century ago in 1913, the poet Gertrude Stein wrote these famous words: sometimes things are just what they are. There has been a recent debate centred around the question whether or not schizophrenia exists. Is there a brain disease that can be called schizophrenia? What difference does it

S A H A R A J

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The book begins with an outline of the importance of AIDS and its potential to impact on ... qualitative, comprising twenty case studies in which household livelihood ... analysis means that this section provides more of a story than systematic or ...

A Burger, A Beer, and A Side of Science

Science.gov (United States)

Wiehe, Ben; Landsberg, R. H.; Wyatt, R. J.; Turner, M. S.

2008-05-01

Science Cafés (aka Café Scientifiques) engage unconventional adult audiences and help researchers hone their communication skills in a relaxed and fun setting. Typically held in restaurants and pubs, Science Cafés provide a comfortable place for the public to speak with a scientist. National and local evaluations of the Café format indicate that cafes are an effective way to engage adult audiences (especially non-scientists). Continued media coverage also demonstrate that something about them captures the public's imagination. Join us for an interactive session about organizing, presenting and partnering with Science Cafés to bring IYA themes (and other current research) directly to new audiences. Real world examples from experienced Café organizers and presenters will provide an overview of what a Science Café is, how to start one and how to use the format to draw attention to astronomy topics. The discussion will include suggestions for tapping into the existing national and international community of Cafés (there are more than 60 in the US alone), and information about free outreach resources. Break-out exercises will help prepare you to: find a suitable venue, advertise, work with café speakers, and foster the inclusive conversation that is the hallmark of a Science Café. Participants will also learn about the impacts that can be expected from a Science Café including benefits to audiences, Café presenters, and hosting organizations. The overall goal of this session is to stimulate a discussion about strategies for facilitating face-to-face communication between scientists and lay audiences. Participants will have the opportunity to create their own promotional plan for a Café event, including the important process of framing a topic to grab public attention, and developing strategies for reaching new target audiences. Substantial time will be allowed for participants to discuss how the Science Café format might be adapted for their specific

A Project Team: a Team or Just a Group?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kateřina

2014-06-01

Full Text Available This paper deals with issues related to work in either teams or groups. The theoretical part discusses a team and a group with regards to its definition, classification and basic distinction, brings in more on the typology of team roles, personality assessment and sociometric methods. The analytical part tests the project (work team of a medical center represented in terms of personality and motivational types, team roles and interpersonal team relations concerning the willingness of cooperation and communication. The main objective of this work is to verify the validity of the assumptions that the analyzed team represents a very disparate group as for its composition from the perspective of personality types, types of motivation, team roles and interpersonal relations in terms of the willingness of cooperation and communication. A separate output shall focus on sociometric investigation of those team members where willingness to work together and communicate is based on the authors’ assumption of tight interdependence.

A Project Team: A Team or Just a Group?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Katerina Hrazdilova Bockova

2013-11-01

Full Text Available This paper deals with issues related to work in either teams or groups. The theoretical part which discusses a team and a group with regards to its definition, classification and basic distinction brings in more on the typology of team roles, personality assessment and sociometric methods. The analytical part tests the project (work team of a medical center represented in terms of personality and motivational types, team roles and interpersonal team relations concerning the willingness of cooperation and communication. The main objective of this work was to determine whether the existing team is not by its nature rather a working group that contributes to the generally perceived stagnation of that field.

Medusa spectroscopy of A400, A576, A1767, and A2124

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hintzen, P.; Hill, J.M.; Lindley, D.; Scott, J.S.; Angel, J.R.P.

1982-01-01

Galaxy velocity data taken with the Steward Observatory multiple aperture fiber optic spectrograph are presented for four Abell clusters. The root-mean-square external errors in these velocities are about 100 km/s; accuracy which compares favorably with that obtained from single-object observations. We expect that the recent adoption of a CCD detector should decrease external errors to about 50 km/s. All four of the clusters observed are known x-ray sources and our data agree well with empirically derived velocity dispersion--x-ray luminosity relations for clusters of galaxies. Abell 400 is interesting in this regard, since both its x-ray luminosity and its velocity dispersion are quite small. Such objects are particularly important in determining the slope of the velocity dispersion--x-ray luminosity relation. The large microwave decrement observed in A576 was initially interpreted as due to Compton scattering of the microwave background by the x-ray-emitting intracluster gas. White and Silk have presented Einstein x-ray data which indicate that A576 contains too little gas to produce the observed microwave decrement by Compton scattering. Our velocity dispersion for 47 members of this cluster strengthens their conclusion

Medusa spectroscopy of A400, A576, A1767, and A2124

Science.gov (United States)

Hintzen, P.; Hill, J. M.; Lindley, D.; Scott, J. S.; Angel, J. R. P.

1982-01-01

Galaxy velocity data taken with the Steward Observatory multiple aperture fiber optic spectrograph are presented for four Abell clusters. The root-mean-square external errors in these velocities are about 100 km/s; accuracy which compares favorably with that obtained from single-object observations. It is expected that the recent adoption of a CCD detector should decrease external errors to about 50 km/s. All four of the clusters observed are known X-ray sources and the present data agree well with empirically derived velocity dispersion-X-ray luminosity relations for clusters of galaxies. Abell 400 is interesting in this regard, since both its X-ray luminosity and its velocity dispersion are quite small. Such objects are particularly important in determining the slope of the velocity dispersion-X-ray luminosity relation. The large microwave decrement observed in A576 was initially interpreted as due to Compton scattering of the microwave background by the X-ray-emitting intracluster gas. White and Silk have presented Einstein X-ray data which indicate that A576 contains too little gas to produce the observed microwave decrement by Compton scattering. The velocity dispersion obtained here for 47 members of this cluster strengthens their conclusion.

Improving Photovoltaic Performance of a Fused-Ring Azepinedione Copolymer via a D-A-A Design.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Honghong; Li, Ting; Xiao, Zuo; Lei, Zhongli; Ding, Liming

2018-04-01

Two conjugated copolymer donors, PTTABDT and PBTTABDT, based on a fused-ring azepinedione acceptor unit, 5-(2-octyldodecyl)-4H-thieno[2',3':4,5]thieno[3,2-c]thieno[2',3':4,5]thieno[2,3-e]azepine-4,6(5H)-dione (TTA), are prepared. PTTABDT possesses a conventional donor-acceptor (D-A) structure with one TTA in the repeat unit, while PBTTABDT has a D-A-A structure with two TTAs in the repeat unit. Compared with PTTABDT, PBTTABDT shows a deeper highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level, a narrower bandgap, and a higher hole mobility, and exhibits better performance in bulk heterojunction solar cells. Power conversion efficiencies of 6.18% and 7.81% are achieved from PTTABDT:PC 71 BM and PBTTABDT:PC 71 BM solar cells, respectively. The higher performance of PBTTABDT:PC 71 BM solar cells results from the enhanced open-circuit voltage (V oc ) and short-circuit current density (  J sc ). © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

A Aspirina e a Asma

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

K.S. Babu

2001-03-01

Full Text Available RESUMO: A aspirina é não só o fannaco me1hor estudado em todo o mundo, como o mais frequentemente uti1izado em todos os tempos. Alem das suas propriedades como analgesico e antipiretico, o acido acetilsalicflico (AAS e urn inibidor da agregação plaquetária, o que the confere urn papel essencial na profilaxia do tromboembolismo e na prevenção dos acidentes cardio e cerebro-vasculares.A associação da sensibilidade á aspirina, com a asma e a polipose nasal, descrita pela primeira vez por Femand Widal e colaboradores, constitui a trfade da “Asma lnduzida pela Aspirina” (AlA e refere-se ao desenvolvimento de urn quadro de broncoconstrição em indivfduos asmaticos após ingestao de aspirina. Nestes doentes, os sintomas agudos sobrepõem-se ao quadro clfnico de asma crónica grave. As crises de asma podem ser desencadeadas por pequenas quantidades de AAS ou de outros anti-inflamatórios nao ester6ides (AINE’ s.A prevalência da AIA na comunidade é incerta, mas os doentes com AIA constituem 10 a 20% da popula9ao asmatica, sendo a AIA mais frequente nas mulheres. Os autores deste trabalho fazem uma revisão teórica da AIA, descrevendo a apresentação clfnica, os mecanismos patogenicos, o diagnóstico e o tratamento deste síndrome.A asma e uma doença inflamatória crónica das vias aéreas. Neste estado de inflamação continua, a exposiyao aaspirina provoca no subgrupo de doentes com AIA uma acentuayao temporaria do processo inflamat6rio, que conduz á exacerbayao da asma. Embora assemelhando-se as reacçães de hipersensibilidade imediata, a AIA nao parece ser mediada por mecanismos dependentes da IgE, daí estas reacçães scrcm dcsignadas de “anafilactóides”.A hipersensibilidade à aspirina parece antes ser mediada por um desvio da via metab6lica do acido araquidónico no sentido da produção excessiva de leucotrienos, por

A Demonstration and a Souvenir

Science.gov (United States)

Lentz, Randy

1978-01-01

Describes an activity using interchangeable, preset tool holders to provide a demonstration for parents or students attending a school's open house session that produces a small souvenir (an aluminum mini-chalice) for them. A procedure sheet for the school's individual lathe and specification diagrams for making the cup are provided. (TA)

A design of a first wall for a demo reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bond, A.; Bond, R.A.; Cooke, P.I.H.

1985-01-01

A design of a first wall for a Demonstration reactor is reported based on an analysis of heat trasnport, sputtering damage, blanket neutronics and vacuum characteristics. The design comprises replaceable tungsten tiles radiatively cooled to a copper substrate, which in turn is cooled by high pressure helium. The overall engineering design of the first wall is described together with a discussion of the factors influencing the choice of design and materials

A system extinguishing a fire by insulating a liquid fuel

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Colome, Jacques; Duchene, Alain; Regnier, Jean.

1975-01-01

The invention refers to a system for quickly extinguishing a liquid fuel body on fire by insulating it completely from the ambient air. It applies particularly to the case of a high temperature liquid sodium sheet flowing accidentally from a circuit belonging to a fast neutron reactor. The system in question includes a lower receptacle for collecting the liquid fuel and a top cover shutting off the receptacle. This cover has inclined channels to take the liquid fuel flow and openings to allow this liquid through at the bottom end of the channels. These openings are closed by retractable shutters moving away under the pressure of the liquid in the channels and closing automatically after the liquid has flowed into the receptacle [fr

A cabeça voraz

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Betty Mindlin

1996-08-01

Full Text Available o artigo focaliza um mito indígena sobre a cabeça voadora e voraz, registrado pela autora em vários grupos indígenas da Amazônia, como os Tupari, os Macurap, os Jabuti, os Aruá, os Sateré-Mawé. Cada versão do mito tem um enredo diferente, mas o tema intrigante é sempre o mesmo: a mutilação do corpo, a cabeça que se transforma ou cola-se num outro ser. Procura-se mergulhar no significado desse mito, ao qual Claude Lévi-Strauss dedicou boa parte de dois livros magistrais, A origem das maneiras da mesa e A oleira ciumenta, e que foi usado por Mário de Andrade no livro clássico sobre o herói brasileiro, Macunaína, uma das poucas obras de fição brasileira a se inspirar em temas e personagens míticos indígenas. O registro de campo desse mito é uma pequena ponta de um amplo trabalho de documentação da tradição e dos mitos indígenas brasileiros, que a autora vem realizando há alguns anos. A intenção, nesse texto, é compreender a riqueza do imaginário indígena brasileiro, insistir na necessidade de documentar culturas que são nossas contemporâneas e ainda bastante desconhecidas. A fição e a arte brasileiras poderiam ampliar muito o seu universo ao explorar e tentar compreender as raízes brasileiras que nos são dadas por mais de 200 povos indígenas do país. Também para os índios, escrever, contar, divulgar e usar nas próprias escolas os seus mitos é importante para reafirmar a identidade étnica e valorizar sua participação na sociedade brasileira.The article focuses an indian myth about a flying and voracious head, that was told to the author by several indian tribes from the Amazon, such as the Tupari, the Macurap, the Jabuti, the Aruá, the Sateré-Mawé. Each version has a different plot, but the intriguing theme is always the same: the mutilation of the body, a head that is transformed or attaches itself to another being. The essay delves into the meaning of this myth, to which Claude L�

Entre a literatura e a filosofia: a intertextualidade nassariana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Aparecida Antunes de Macedo

2009-01-01

Full Text Available O romance Lavoura arcaica, de Raduan Nassar, insere-se nas tendências dapós-modernidade filosófica e do pós-modernismo artístico, na medida em quenele se encontra uma poética intertextual apontando tanto para a crítica à razãouniversal do Iluminismo quanto para a problematização do homem no discurso– aspectos centrais nas teorias pós-modernas. Em Cadernos de literaturabrasileira: Raduan Nassar, o escritor situa sua poética na flutuação de doisdomínios do conhecimento, que são a literatura e a filosofia – esta última sendogeradora de seu trabalho intertextual. Em seu texto ficcional, entrevemos essapoética nos comentários autoteorizantes efetuados pelo narrador, em suaaproximação paralela à crítica da pós-modernidade.

A Psychological Factor Affecting a Cardiac Condition in a Psychotherapist

OpenAIRE

R Waxman; K Khorasani; A Lenny; S Bhalerao

2009-01-01

It has been established that intense emotions can affect the development and course of cardiac arrhythmias. This study sought to convey that a lack of expression of emotion can also have an effect on arrhythmias. A psychotherapist with Idiopathic Ventricular Fibrillation and an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator measured his rate of Premature Ventricular Contractions using a Holter monitor during three separate six-week periods and in three domains: A) work days vs. off days, B) a 27 hour...

A psychological profile of a serial killer: a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Dogra, T D; Leenaars, Antoon A; Chadha, R K; Manju, Mehta; Lalwani, Sanjeev; Sood, Mamta; Lester, David; Raina, Anupuma; Behera, C

2012-01-01

Serial killers have always fascinated society. A serial killer is typically defined as a perpetrator who murders three or more people over a period of time. Most reported cases of serial killers come from the United States and Canada. In India, there are few reported cases. We present, to the best of our knowledge, the first Indian case in the literature. The present case is of a 28-year-old man, Surinder Koli. The Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delphi handled the forensic study. We present a most unique psychological investigation into the mind of a serial killer.

A Pulsar and a Disk

Science.gov (United States)

Kohler, Susanna

2016-07-01

Recent, unusual X-ray observations from our galactic neighbor, the Small Magellanic Cloud, have led to an interesting model for SXP 214, a pulsar in a binary star system.Artists illustration of the magnetic field lines of a pulsar, a highly magnetized, rotating neutron star. [NASA]An Intriguing BinaryAn X-ray pulsar is a magnetized, rotating neutron star in a binary system with a stellar companion. Material is fed from the companion onto the neutron star, channeled by the objects magnetic fields onto a hotspot thats millions of degrees. This hotspot rotating past our line of sight is what produces the pulsations that we observe from X-ray pulsars.Located in the Small Magellanic Cloud, SXP 214 is a transient X-ray pulsar in a binary with a Be-type star. This star is spinning so quickly that material is thrown off of it to form a circumstellar disk.Recently, a team of authors led by JaeSub Hong (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics) have presented new Chandra X-ray observations of SXP 214, tracking it for 50 ks (~14 hours) in January 2013. These observations reveal some very unexpected behavior for this pulsar.X-ray PuzzleThe energy distribution of the X-ray emission from SXP 214 over time. Dark shades or blue colors indicate high counts, and light shades or yellow colors indicate low counts. Lower-energy X-ray emission appeared only later, after about 20 ks. [Hong et al. 2016]Three interesting pieces of information came from the Chandra observations:SXP 214s rotation period was measured to be 211.5 s an increase in the spin rate since the discovery measurement of a 214-second period. Pulsars usually spin down as they lose angular momentum over time so what caused this one to spin up?Its overall X-ray luminosity steadily increased over the 50 ks of observations.Its spectrum became gradually softer (lower energy) over time; in the first 20 ks, the spectrum only consisted of hard X-ray photons above 3 keV, but after 20 ks, softer X-ray photons below 2 ke

When is a theory a theory? A case example.

Science.gov (United States)

Alkin, Marvin C

2017-08-01

This discussion comments on the approximately 20years history of writings on the prescriptive theory called Empowerment Evaluation. To do so, involves examining how "Empowerment Evaluation Theory" has been defined at various points of time (particularly 1996 and now in 2015). Defining a theory is different from judging the success of a theory. This latter topic has been addressed elsewhere by Michael Scriven, Michael Patton, and Brad Cousins. I am initially guided by the work of Robin Miller (2010) who has written on the issue of how to judge the success of a theory. In doing so, she provided potential standards for judging the adequacy of theories. My task is not judging the adequacy or success of the Empowerment Evaluation prescriptive theory in practice, but determining how well the theory is delineated. That is, to what extent do the writings qualify as a prescriptive theory. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A contabilidade a valor justo e a crise financeira mundial

OpenAIRE

Eric Barreto de Oliveira

2009-01-01

A contabilidade a valor justo tem sido discutida desde meados do século passado; porém, tomou força maior a partir de publicações recentes do FASB (Financial Accounting Standards Board) e do IASB (International Accounting Standards Board). Mais recentemente, em resposta à crise global de 2008, inicialmente chamada de crise do subprime, a SEC (Securities Exchange Comission), o FASB e o IASB rediscutiram exaustivamente este critério de mensuração, com o objetivo de detectar falhas que poderiam ...

The information a history, a theory, a flood

CERN Document Server

Gleick, James

2011-01-01

Winner of the Royal Society Winton Prize for Science Books 2012, the world's leading prize for popular science writing. We live in the information age. But every era of history has had its own information revolution: the invention of writing, the composition of dictionaries, the creation of the charts that made navigation possible, the discovery of the electronic signal, the cracking of the genetic code. In 'The Information' James Gleick tells the story of how human beings use, transmit and keep what they know. From African talking drums to Wikipedia, from Morse code to the 'bit', it is a fascinating account of the modern age's defining idea and a brilliant exploration of how information has revolutionised our lives.

Can a String's Tension Exert a Torque on a Pulley?

Science.gov (United States)

Krause, Dennis E.; Sun, Yifei

2011-01-01

A typical textbook problem in rotational dynamics involves calculating the angular acceleration of a massive pulley due to a string, such as in the example shown in Fig. 1. The string is assumed to be massless and to move without slipping over the pulley, which is mounted on a frictionless axle. If T[subscript L] and T[subscript R] are the…

[Caffeine: a nutrient, a drug or a drug of abuse].

Science.gov (United States)

Pardo Lozano, Ricardo; Alvarez García, Yolanda; Barral Tafalla, Diego; Farré Albaladejo, Magí

2007-01-01

Coffee, tea, chocolate and caffeinated drinks are the main sources of caffeine, which is consumed in almost all ages and socioeconomic levels. Caffeine acts as a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist in the central nervous system. Its main effects are as psychostimulant, acting in addition on the respiratory, muscular and cardiovascular systems. Basically, caffeine is metabolized by the hepatic cytochrome P-450 1A2 enzymes (CYP1A2). Several drugs can interact with its metabolism. The observed interindividual differences of its effects can be explained by variations in its metabolism. The main therapeutic use of caffeine is bronchodilator in respiratory diseases. Other possible uses are under investigation. Acute or chronic consumption of caffeine can induce several adverse effects, including intoxication that can be lethal. Finally, caffeine can be considered a drug of abuse. It has positive reinforcing actions, produces tolerance, and a withdrawal syndrome after stopping its consumption. Caffeine can cause different mental disorders such as dependence, which is not included in the DSM-IV-R, withdrawal syndrome and intoxication. Depending on its use, caffeine can be considered a nutrient, a drug or a drug of abuse.

Criança: objeto a liberado? Child: freed object a?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Glaucineia Gomes de Lima

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Lacan (1968-69 abordou a criança como objeto a liberado. Assim, ela é capturada no gozo, drama em torno do qual a família se estrutura. Tais formulações são questionadas no texto que discute o lugar da criança como objeto de gozo nos tempos atuais. Parte-se da discussão sobre a sociedade da globalização, cuja lógica se orienta para a produção incessante de objetos de consumo, marcada pelo declínio dos ideais e o impulso ao hedonismo mortífero. O imperativo do consumo na sociedade globalizada não é sem conseqüências para a educação, que se guia pela lógica de educar para o mercado, empreitada que tem como efeito o fracasso escolar, um dos nomes do 'mal-estar' na educação. Desponta, entre educadores e educandos, apatia, tédio e indiferença no vazio em que parece ter se tornado o espaço escolar. Os efeitos de retorno do gozo incidem sobre o corpo das crianças, que é objeto de maus-tratos, violência, pedofilia e todo tipo de abusos. Assim, conclui-se questionando qual é o lugar para a escuta do sintoma, face ao imperativo de consumo e a ascensão do objeto, e as suas conseqüências para o apagamento da subjetividade da criança.Lacan approached the child as a freed object a. Thus, the child is captured in pleasure, drama upon which family is structured. These formulations are questioned in the text that approaches child as the current object of pleasure. The departing point is the discussion on the globalized society which heads to the on-going production of consumer objects, labeled by the decay of ideals and its drive to a lethal hedonism. But the consumption imperative in the globalized society has its own consequences on education which entails the logic of instructing for the market, leading to an educational failure, also known as educational uneasiness. What emerges from educators and students is apathy, boredom and indifference in the emptiness that schools seem to have turned into. The results of the return

A-THREE: a user's manual

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Auerbach, E.H.

1977-06-01

A-THREE is an optical-model code for elastic scattering, specifically designed for the requirements of heavy-ion projectiles. Fast search procedures for fitting model parameters to experimental data are provided. Because of structural similarity, provision for bound-state calculation is also included. In a sense, this code is ''grandson of ABACUS-2;'' it has, however, been written completely anew. Principal features include the ability to calculate to high partial waves (up to l = 800), refinement of integration meshes for large wave number, and a variety of forms for the optical potentials. The very superior Manchester Coulomb Wave Functions Routine, good in all parts of the (rho, eta) plane is used. This code, written in Fortran-extended, has been in use at Brookhaven on its CDC-7600 for the last two years, during which a number of minor improvements have been added. A general overview of the principal features of the code is given first, with some recommendations for input. This overview is intended to guide the user, and is not intended as a detailed description of the code. Then follow sections describing the input cards and the output generated by the code. These sections are sufficiently detailed to permit a user to prepare input without reference to a code listing. Finally, material necessary for writing special potential well subroutines and tables of control and parameter numbers are appended

María Zambrano: a woman, a republican and a philosopher in exile

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

PATRICIA PALOMAR GALDÓN

2013-09-01

Full Text Available The subject of this presentation is an attempt to understand the concept of exile in terms of the works of Spanish philosopher María Zambrano, a woman who left her country after the Spanish civil war and lived the life of an exile. This work focuses on the difficulties encountered by thinkers when they try to reflect on the experience of exile, and it aims to bring Zambrano’s thought on exile closer to her main philosophical concepts.

The collision of a strong shock with a gas cloud: a model for Cassiopeia A

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sgro, A.G.

1975-01-01

The result of the collision of the shock with the cloud is a shock traveling around the cloud, a shock transmitted into the cloud, and a shock reflected from the cloud. By equating the cooling time of the posttransmitted shock gas to the time required for the transmitted shock to travel the length of the cloud, a critical cloud density n/subc/ /sup prime/ is defined. For clouds with density greater than n/subc/ /sup prime/, the posttransmitted shock gas cools rapidly and then emits the lines of the lower ionization stages of its constituent elements. The structure of such and its expected appearance to an observer are discussed and compared with the quasi-stationary condensations of Cas A. Conversely, clouds with density less than n/subc//sup prime/ remain hot for several thousand years, and are sources of X-radiation whose temperatures are much less than that of the intercloud gas. After the transmitted shock passes, the cloud pressure is greater than the pressure in the surrounding gas, causing the cloud to expand and the emission to decrease from its value just after the collision. A model in which the soft X-radiation of Cas A is due to a collection of such clouds is discussed. The faint emission patches to the north of Cas A are interpreted as preshocked clouds which will probably become quasi-stationary condensations after being hit by the shock

A patient with a painless neck tumour revealed as a carotid paraganglioma: a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Peric, Barbara; Marinsek, Ziva Pohar; Skrbinc, Breda; Music, Maja; Zagar, Ivana; Hocevar, Marko

2014-08-20

Carotid paragangliomas are usually slowly enlarging and painless lateral neck masses. These mostly benign lesions are recognized due to their typical location, vessel displacement and specific blood supply, features that are usually seen on different imaging modalities. Surgery for carotid paraganglioma can be associated with immediate cerebrovascular complications or delayed neurological impairment.We are reporting the case of a 36-year-old man who presented with a painless mass on the right side of his neck 11 months after being treated for testicular cancer. After a fine-needle aspiration biopsy, he was diagnosed with a testicular cancer lymph node metastasis. Neck US and fluorine [F-18]-fluorodeoxy-D-glucose (FDG) PET-CT showed no signs of hypervascularity or vessel displacement. The patient underwent a level II to V functional neck dissection. During the procedure, suspicion of a carotid paraganglioma was raised and the tumour was carefully dissected from the walls of the carotid arteries with minimal blood loss and no cranial nerve dysfunction.The histology report revealed carotid paraganglioma with no metastasis in the rest of the lymph nodes. The patient's history of testicular germ cell tumour led to a functional neck dissection during which a previously unrecognized carotid paraganglioma was removed.Surgery for carotid PG can be associated with complications that have major impact on quality of life. A thorough assessment of the patient and neck mass must therefore be performed preoperatively in order to perform the surgical procedure under optimal conditions.

On a question of A. Balog

OpenAIRE

Shkredov, Ilya D.

2015-01-01

We give a partial answer to a conjecture of A. Balog, concerning the size of AA+A, where A is a finite subset of real numbers. Also, we prove several new results on the cardinality of A:A+A, AA+AA and A:A + A:A.

A method of providing a barrier in a fracture-containing system

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2014-01-01

The present invention relates to a method of providing a barrier in a fracture-containing system, comprising: i) Providing a treatment fluid comprising: a) a base fluid; b) an elastomeric material, wherein said elastomeric material comprises at least one polymer capable of crosslinking into an el......The present invention relates to a method of providing a barrier in a fracture-containing system, comprising: i) Providing a treatment fluid comprising: a) a base fluid; b) an elastomeric material, wherein said elastomeric material comprises at least one polymer capable of crosslinking...... into an elastomer, and c) at least one crosslinking agent; ii) Placing the treatment fluid in a fracture-containing system; iii) Allowing the elastomeric material to crosslink with itself to form a barrier in said fracture-containing system; wherein the elastomeric material and/or the crosslinking agent...... are of neutral buoyancy with regard to the base fluid. The invention is contemplated to having utility not only in the oil-drilling industry but also in the plugging of fractures in sewer drains, pipelines etc....

A Psychological Factor Affecting a Cardiac Condition in a Psychotherapist

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R Waxman

2009-03-01

Full Text Available It has been established that intense emotions can affect the development and course of cardiac arrhythmias. This study sought to convey that a lack of expression of emotion can also have an effect on arrhythmias. A psychotherapist with Idiopathic Ventricular Fibrillation and an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator measured his rate of Premature Ventricular Contractions using a Holter monitor during three separate six-week periods and in three domains: A work days vs. off days, B a 27 hour work week vs. 22 hour work week, and C in 5 different modalities including 1 Meeting with department head 2 Individual psychotherapy with patients 3 Group therapy with patients 4 Supervision of residents 5 Personal psychoanalysis. The results showed more than a 3-fold increase of arrhythmogenic activity during the 27-hour work week vs. 22 and a 5-fold increase in arrhythmogenic activity on work days compared to days off. Department Head meetings were found to be most arrhythmogenic and personal psychoanalysis was least. The data suggest that the psychiatrist’s lack of emotional expression in his clinical work has been demonstrated to markedly worsen his arrhythmia. The results also point to the potential ameliorating effects of the therapist’s own psychotherapy.

A quackery with a difference

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wahlberg, Ayo

2007-01-01

in which regulatory authorities in the UK have come to address what is invariably described as a ‘growing interest in CAM’, I will show how the problem of quackery today is increasingly located in an ethical field of practitioner competency, qualifications, conduct, responsibility and personal professional...... health. Yet, in this paper, I argue that this is only one form that the problem of ‘quackery’ has taken in the past two centuries or so in the United Kingdom. Just as Roy Porter showed how the mid-19th century professionalization of medicine gave rise to a ‘quackery with a difference’ as a whole range...

A.A., constructivism, and reflecting teams.

Science.gov (United States)

Nevels, B

1997-12-01

Numerous studies and clinical anecdotes reveal a relationship between attendance at A.A. meetings and/or degree of involvement in A.A. and maintenance of sobriety. Hypotheses as to how A.A. and/or the A.A. meeting is helpful to its members have ranged from a focus on factors common to all therapy groups, to aspects of A.A. "treatment" which are behavioral in nature. Presented here is another way of understanding A.A.'s effectiveness within the frame of more recent, constructivistic approaches to family therapy. In particular, the A.A. topic meeting is compared to the reflecting team concept of Tom Anderson.

Evidence of a rolling motion of a microparticle on a silicon wafer in a liquid environment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schiwek, Simon; Stark, Robert W., E-mail: stark@csi.tu-darmstadt.de, E-mail: dietz@csi.tu-darmstadt.de; Dietz, Christian, E-mail: stark@csi.tu-darmstadt.de, E-mail: dietz@csi.tu-darmstadt.de [Physics of Surfaces, Center of Smart Interfaces and Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 10, 64287 Darmstadt (Germany); Meckel, Tobias [Membrane Dynamics, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 3, 64287 Darmstadt (Germany)

2016-05-21

The interaction of micro- and nanometer-sized particles with surfaces plays a crucial role when small-scale structures are built in a bottom-up approach or structured surfaces are cleaned in the semiconductor industry. For a reliable quantification of the interaction between individual particles and a specific surface, however, the motion type of the particle must be known. We developed an approach to unambiguously distinguish between sliding and rolling particles. To this end, fluorescent particles were partially bleached in a confocal laser scanning microscope to tailor an optical inhomogeneity, which allowed for the identification of the characteristic motion pattern. For the manipulation, the water flow generated by a fast moving cantilever-tip of an atomic force microscope enabled the contactless pushing of the particle. We thus experimentally evidenced a rolling motion of a micrometer-sized particle directly with a fluorescence microscope. A similar approach could help to discriminate between rolling and sliding particles in liquid flows of microfluidic systems.

A Proposal for a Mindset of a Project Manager

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Eriksson, Joakim; Hansen, Claus Thorp

2008-01-01

and clarification of decision situations and consequences is rarely used in practice and structured reasoning about project and product performance when making decisions is also rare. In order to enhance the project managers’ understanding of decision-making in product development projects, the objective......A company’s product strategy and its management of the product development process have been found to be key factors for a product’s success on the market [1]. Project managers of development projects need support to make process decisions and defining goals that are consistent with the business....... In product development projects it is desirable to reduce the level of uncertainty in order to make decisions without having to redo them later in the project resulting in longer lead time and higher costs. It is the project manager’s responsibility to manage this uncertainty in a complex ever...

A Hair & a Fungus: Showing Kids the Size of a Microbe

Science.gov (United States)

Richter, Dana L.

2013-01-01

A simple method is presented to show kids the size of a microbe--a fungus hypha--compared to a human hair. Common household items are used to make sterile medium on a stove or hotplate, which is dispensed in the cells of a weekly plastic pill box. Mold fungi can be easily and safely grown on the medium from the classroom environment. A microscope…

A stage is a stage is a stage: a direct comparison of two scoring systems.

Science.gov (United States)

Dawson, Theo L

2003-09-01

L. Kohlberg (1969) argued that his moral stages captured a developmental sequence specific to the moral domain. To explore that contention, the author compared stage assignments obtained with the Standard Issue Scoring System (A. Colby & L. Kohlberg, 1987a, 1987b) and those obtained with a generalized content-independent stage-scoring system called the Hierarchical Complexity Scoring System (T. L. Dawson, 2002a), on 637 moral judgment interviews (participants' ages ranged from 5 to 86 years). The correlation between stage scores produced with the 2 systems was .88. Although standard issue scoring and hierarchical complexity scoring often awarded different scores up to Kohlberg's Moral Stage 2/3, from his Moral Stage 3 onward, scores awarded with the two systems predominantly agreed. The author explores the implications for developmental research.

A Study on a Numerical Modeling of a Friction Pendulum System

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Min Kyu; Choun, Young Sun; Ohtori, Yasuki

2006-01-01

A Friction Pendulum System (FPS) is a well known seismic isolation system. In the case of FPS, the period of a vibration only depends on a radius of a curvature and the gravitational constant, and it does not depend on the mass. For this reason, the FPS is useful for smaller weight equipment and a liquid storage tank which changes its' liquid level. Kim et al. (2004) studied the seismic isolation effect of small equipment by using a natural rubber bearing (NRB), a high damping rubber bearing (HDRB) and a Friction pendulum system (FPS) by an experimental research. In this study, modified Mokha model for a small FPS system was proposed and it was revealed this model matched the experimental results well

Converting a Monopole Emission into a Dipole Using a Subwavelength Structure

Science.gov (United States)

Fan, Xu-Dong; Zhu, Yi-Fan; Liang, Bin; Cheng, Jian-chun; Zhang, Likun

2018-03-01

High-efficiency emission of multipoles is unachievable by a source much smaller than the wavelength, preventing compact acoustic devices for generating directional sound beams. Here, we present a primary scheme towards solving this problem by numerically and experimentally enclosing a monopole sound source in a structure with a dimension of around 1 /10 sound wavelength to emit a dipolar field. The radiated sound power is found to be more than twice that of a bare dipole. Our study of efficient emission of directional low-frequency sound from a monopole source in a subwavelength space may have applications such as focused ultrasound for imaging, directional underwater sound beams, miniaturized sonar, etc.

Biodiesel: A fuel, a lubricant, and a solvent

Science.gov (United States)

Biodiesel is well-known as a biogenic alternative to conventional diesel fuel derived from petroleum. It is produced from feedstocks such as plant oils consisting largely of triacylglycerols through transesterification with an alcohol such as methanol. The properties of biodiesel are largely compet...

A Leitura e a Tela

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sérgio Luiz Alves da Rocha

2015-09-01

  ABSTRACT This paper is a result of a doctoral research, in a public high school in Rio de Janeiro. The main objective of this work was to discuss - with teachers and students - some topics related to their conceptions and practices about reading, throughout pictures that were taken by them during the research. The different ideas about reading, the link between literary reading and other kinds of reading with "new technologies", the function of school, motivating - or not - the access to different places of reading, were some of the topics discussed throughout the research. During the research I analyzed reading as a cultural practice, as proposed by cultural history. The present text emphasizes a part of this discussion focusing on the relationship between image, reading and the school. Keywords: Lecture; Youth; Image; School; Television. RESUMEN Este trabajo es el resultado de una investigación doctoral , en una escuela secundaria pública en Río de Janeiro. El principal objetivo de este trabajo fue discutir - con maestros y estudiantes - algunos temas relacionados con sus concepciones y prácticas acerca de la lectura , a lo largo de las imágenes que fueron tomadas por ellos durante la investigación. Las diferentes ideas acerca de la lectura, la relación entre la lectura literaria y otros tipos de lectura con "nuevas tecnologías", la función de la escuela, motivando - o no - el acceso a los diferentes lugares de lectura, fueron algunos de los temas tratados a lo largo de la investigación. Durante la investigación la lectura fue tratada como práctica cultural, según lo propuesto por la historia cultural. El presente texto hace trata de una parte de esta discusión que se centra en la relación entre la imagen, la lectura y la escuela . Palabras Clave: Lectura; Juventud; Imagen; Escuela; Televisión.   Referências ADORNO, T.W. ; HORKHEIMER, M. A indústria cultural: o esclarecimento como mistificação das massas. In ______. Dialética do

A person in a closed environment as a psychological problem

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

YuliyaV. Klochko

2013-12-01

Full Text Available This article addresses an ethically weighted problem which is related to modern psychology: when a person lives in a closed environment. A new approach to solving this problem is being examined. It is based on the finding of substantial new functional aspects of the cognitive processes of making and losing meaning. The study of this sub-discipline started with O.K. Tikhomirov’s theory of thinking. The phenomenon of “adaptability to changes in lifestyle” is being analyzed. The substantial characteristics of the notion of a “closed environment” as well as the psychological manifestations which appear when one is forced to live in a closed environment or choses to live in one of his or her own volition are being revealed. According to the author, the new approach will allow us to come closer to understanding and being able to explain the psychological mechanisms of the mental upheaval which prisoners in solitary confinement experience.

A Message Without a Code?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tom Conley

1981-01-01

Full Text Available The photographic paradox is said to be that of a message without a code, a communication lacking a relay or gap essential to the process of communication. Tracing the recurrence of Barthes's definition in the essays included in Image/Music/Text and in La Chambre claire , this paper argues that Barthes's definition is platonic in its will to dematerialize the troubling — graphic — immediacy of the photograph. He writes of the image in order to flee its signature. As a function of media, his categories are written in order to be insufficient and inadequate; to maintain an ineluctable difference between language heard and letters seen; to protect an idiom of loss which the photograph disallows. The article studies the strategies of his definition in «The Photographic Paradox» as instrument of abstraction, opposes the notion of code, in an aural sense, to audio-visual markers of closed relay in advertising, and critiques the layout and order of La Chambre claire in respect to Barthes's ideology of absence.

A Stroke Mimic: A Case Report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Annia Martínez Rivas

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Diseases mimicking a stroke are a major health problem for a large number of hospitals. This paper aims at presenting a disease that has a stroke-like presentation. The case of a 46-year-old man admitted to the stroke unit with a clinical and radiological diagnosis of cerebral infarction is presented. The patient developed fever and a serious deterioration of consciousness. Changes on computed tomography consistent with a brain abscess were observed. Broad-spectrum antibiotics were administered and a follow-up tomography was performed. Once the treatment was completed, the clinical and radiological suspicion of a brain abscess was confirmed.

Hypernasality in a Shona child with a cleft palate: A phonological ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Individuals with hypernasality produce oral sounds with a nasal resonance because of the existence of a cleft palate. This phenomenon has been considered from a number of perspectives, but this article is a description of a phonemic inventory of oral speech sounds produced as nasal sounds by the child under study.

Preguntas a la teología desde la filosofía

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Mariano de la Maza

2002-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN Se pregunta por los presupuestos que permiten comprender en los tiempos actuales la relación entre la teología y la filosofía, desde la óptica de un creyente. Se parte de una tipificación de seis figuras o formas posibles de entender la relación entre ambas disciplinas: 1 la figura de la identidad, según la cual la filosofía de un cristiano sería indiscernible de la teología; 2 la figura de la diferencia, para la cual filosofía y teología serían disciplinas inconmensurables; 3 la figura del influjo, que enfatiza el condicionamiento mutuo de la filosofía y la teología desde un punto de vista histórico-existencial; 4 la figura de la subordinación, que defiende la tesis de que la filosofía solo alcanza su objetivo con ayuda de la teología; 5 la figura de la oposición, que advierte una amenaza recíproca entre la filosofía y la teología; y finalmente 6 la figura del diálogo, sostenida por el propio autor del artículo, y según la cual filosofía y teología, sin confundirse, se enriquecen mutuamente. El artículo finaliza con algunas consideraciones y preguntas relacionadas con las condiciones de posibilidad del diálogo entre el teólogo y el filósofo que no es creyenteABSTRACT The author seeks the foundations which provide a better understanding of the relation theology and philosophy in modern times, from the perspective of a believer. The author classifies six figures or possible ways of understanding the relationship between both disciplines: 1 the figure of identity, which claims that philosophy of a Christian is indiscernible from theology; 2 the figure of difference, according to which philosophy and theology would be non measurable disciplines; 3 the figure of influx, which emphasises the mutual conditioning of philosophy and theology from a historic--existential point of view; 4 the figure of subordination, which stands for the position that philosophy only achieves its goal with the help of theology; 5 the

A simplified model of a mechanical cooling tower with both a fill pack and a coil

Science.gov (United States)

Van Riet, Freek; Steenackers, Gunther; Verhaert, Ivan

2017-11-01

Cooling accounts for a large amount of the global primary energy consumption in buildings and industrial processes. A substantial part of this cooling demand is produced by mechanical cooling towers. Simulations benefit the sizing and integration of cooling towers in overall cooling networks. However, for these simulations fast-to-calculate and easy-to-parametrize models are required. In this paper, a new model is developed for a mechanical draught cooling tower with both a cooling coil and a fill pack. The model needs manufacturers' performance data at only three operational states (at varying air and water flow rates) to be parametrized. The model predicts the cooled, outgoing water temperature. These predictions were compared with experimental data for a wide range of operational states. The model was able to predict the temperature with a maximum absolute error of 0.59°C. The relative error of cooling capacity was mostly between ±5%.

A mascarada e a feminilidade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Grant Walkiria Helena

1998-01-01

Full Text Available Marcada por produções freudianas, a literatura analítica e, mais especificamente, aquela influenciada pelo ensino lacaniano, não pára de mostrar que as considerações anatômicas não são índices para falar da diferença de identidade sexual entre homens e mulheres. Diante do fato de que características masculinas continuavam presentes em mulheres adultas normais, Freud responde que ser mulher é ser mãe. A vacilação da verdade desta equação pode ser observada nas situações mais diversas nas quais podemos nos defrontar com mulheres, mães, desempenhando papéis de homens. Como pensar esta constatação? Este trabalho permitir-nos-á mostrar a imbricação do feminino e do masculino num caso de uma mulher com todas as características de uma feminilidade considerada normal, e também discutir a questão do gozo fálico e do Outro gozo - propostos por Lacan como índices de diferenciação da posição masculina e da feminina.

A farmer becomes a social pedagogue

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mellon, Karsten

2016-01-01

for bachelor programmes. This article examines the case of a woman named Amy, a mature, nontraditional university college student who becomes a social pedagogue. Because of severe allergies, Amy had to quit her job as a farmer and began to study to become a social pedagogue. Becoming a social pedagogue...... is a tremendously complex process that involves taking on a new professional identity and acquiring new skills. In order to ascertain the extent of this complexity, this article uses a psychosocietal approach derived from a Danish/German life history research approach. This article offers a brief presentation...... of the theoretical and methodological framework applied before analysing the process Amy undergoes to become a social pedagogue. The analysis demonstrates that this type of significant career change is demanding and, for Amy, filled with feelings of ambivalence and defensiveness....

A Cloze Is a Cloze Is a Cloze?

Science.gov (United States)

Brown, James Dean

This study attempted to determine the effectiveness of cloze procedures as norm-referenced instruments by comparing the differential responses of four groups of college students of English as a second language on two identical cloze passages. The responses were scored using both exact-answer and acceptable-word methods. The results indicate that…

A PhD is a PhD is a PhD

OpenAIRE

Ostrow, Deborah Anne

2017-01-01

A PhD is a PhD is a PhD is a practice-based project that interrogates the process of an artist undertaking PhD research under established criteria. It consists of an exegesis, an original screenplay, and a digital film made for online viewing, with images drawn from a range of documentaries and films found on YouTube. They have been dissected, re-assembled and then re-embedded to YouTube. The source material covers topics such as medicalization of madness, the conspicuous appropriation of uni...

[As a Child of a Parent with Schizophrenia, as a Patient, and as a Psychiatrist: A Message to All JSPN Members].

Science.gov (United States)

Natsukari, Ikuko

2015-01-01

I previously published an article, entitled About "Regarding a person Who recovers". It documents the actual situation and recovery of a family member with schizophrenia, and it does not describe my recovery as a patient as a psychiatrist. At the time of publication, the main purpose was to disclose the real name of the family member. Since the disclosure, I have met many patients and families, and learned their true thoughts and strengths that I would have never known simply through consultation, and this totally changed my perceptions of them. Meanwhile, I also received many comments from medical professionals who were also family members of patients at the same time. I learned that they were struggling with conflicting emotions of being a family member as well as a professional, and I realized the isolations of families, and persistent stigma attached to psychiatric disorders. The disclosure broadened my perspectives as a psychiatrist. Now, more than 30 years after becoming a doctor, I still question myself: 'what have I done?', 'Have I listened to the voices of patients and their families?' I still have persisted, as a psychiatrist, until today. Psychiatry is a field that can be neglected if you do not question its contradictions. I think this is also why 'patient-centered recovery' has been neglected, and, as a result, psychiatry has been left behind. I often hear people asking: 'how can we increase numbers of psychiatrists?' I did not become a psychiatrist because of my own experience. I believe that, by providing medical care that the patients and their families can appreciate, from those families, some younger members will desire to become psychiatrists ; that is the way psychiatry should be developed. For that purpose, I believe it is necessary more than anything to approach each case with great care, valuing the 'real voices' of patients and their families, and respecting their strengths.

A source, a cascade, a schizoid: a heuristic proposal from the Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders.

Science.gov (United States)

Lenzenweger, Mark F

2010-11-01

It is argued that personality pathology represents the final emergent product of a complex interaction of underlying neurobehavioral systems as well as environment inputs. A number of factors may be involved in the developmental pathway and a cascading of effects is plausible, although a unifying cascade for all personality disorders is not likely. The present study suggests a possible cascade relevant to one personality disorder: schizoid personality disorder in emerging adulthood. In brief, it is hypothesized that the absence of a relationship characterized by a rich degree of psychological proximal process in early childhood, which is associated with nurturance and the facilitation of more complex development, predicts impairment in the actualization of the affiliation system (i.e., that system that facilitates interpersonal connectedness and social bonds in human beings and is under substantial genetic influence), and this impairment in the affiliation system predicts the appearance of schizoid personality disorder symptoms in emerging adulthood (late teens/early 20s), which persists over time into emerging adulthood. The impairment in the affiliation system is argued to proceed through childhood sociality as reflected in temperament on through adult personality as reflected in communal positive emotion. Furthermore, it is also hypothesized that the relationship between proximal processes and the affiliation system maintains irrespective of other childhood temperament factors that might adversely impact early parent/caregiver and child relations. The data for a preliminary illustration of this possible cascade are drawn from The Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders, which is a prospective, multiwave study of personality disorders, personality, and temperament in a large sample of adults drawn from a nonclinical population.

Reaction-diffusion on the fully-connected lattice: A+A\\rightarrow A

Science.gov (United States)

Turban, Loïc; Fortin, Jean-Yves

2018-04-01

Diffusion-coagulation can be simply described by a dynamic where particles perform a random walk on a lattice and coalesce with probability unity when meeting on the same site. Such processes display non-equilibrium properties with strong fluctuations in low dimensions. In this work we study this problem on the fully-connected lattice, an infinite-dimensional system in the thermodynamic limit, for which mean-field behaviour is expected. Exact expressions for the particle density distribution at a given time and survival time distribution for a given number of particles are obtained. In particular, we show that the time needed to reach a finite number of surviving particles (vanishing density in the scaling limit) displays strong fluctuations and extreme value statistics, characterized by a universal class of non-Gaussian distributions with singular behaviour.

A Benchmark Study of a Seismic Analysis Program for a Single Column of a HTGR Core

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kang, Ji Ho [KAERI, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2016-05-15

A seismic analysis program, SAPCOR (Seismic Analysis of Prismatic HTGR Core), was developed in Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute. The program is used for the evaluation of deformed shapes and forces on the graphite blocks which using point-mass rigid bodies with Kelvin-Voigt impact models. In the previous studies, the program was verified using theoretical solutions and benchmark problems. To validate the program for more complicated problems, a free vibration analysis of a single column of a HTGR core was selected and the calculation results of the SAPCOR and a commercial FEM code, Abaqus, were compared in this study.

A numerical study of a premixed flame on a slit burner

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Somers, L.M.T.; Goey, de L.P.H.

1995-01-01

A numerical study of a premixed methane/air flame on a 4 mm slit burner is presented. A local grid refinement technique is used to deal with large gradients and curvature of all variables encountered in the flame, keeping the number of grid points within reasonable bounds. The method used here leads

Using a Science Centre as a School Lab ? a Case Story

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sørensen, Helene

2004-01-01

responsibility for their own learning committed themselves to learn the scientific language. The study shows that in school science there has to be scaffolding around a project to insure that all students gain experience with science as a learning process in an environment with self-motivated, self......The study has the overall goal of finding suggestions for improving school visits to Science Centres and similar places. One such centre (Experimentarium) has established a partnership with a nearby school to investigate possibilities for cooperation. This case story tells about a project where...... tenth graders were trained to become museum ?explainers? as part of their science education. The objectives were to investigate if it was possible to obtain a quality out-of?school experience using the Experimentarium as a science lab. The intention of the study was to look at science learning...

Developing teachers, developing as a teacher: A story about a story

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kate Bennie

2005-10-01

Full Text Available In this paper I reflect on my changing roles as a mathematics educator, that is, as a teacher educator and as a classroom teacher in a secondary school. This is a personal account of the challenge of translating my beliefs about mathematics teaching and learning into everyday classroom practice. The presentation I use is based on the work of Rowland − the account is presented in the form of personal reflections on a story written about playing the two different roles of teacher educator and classroom teacher. I use the process of writing to try to make sense of my experiences and to explore the use of story as a research methodology. Although the story is intensely personal, there are identifiable themes that run through the narrative, which I suggest may resonate with the experience of other mathematics educators.

Silencing Bilingualism: A Day in a Life of a Bilingual Practitioner

Science.gov (United States)

Robertson, Leena H.; Drury, Rose; Cable, Carrie

2014-01-01

Based on sociocultural theories of learning, this paper draws on findings from a research project "a day in a life of a bilingual practitioner". It explores how two multilingual practitioners in English early years settings supported the learning of young 3-4 year-old children, and their parents and teachers. The paper challenges the…

Pellets - A fuel with a future

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

This special brochure presents a series of articles on the topic of wood pellets as a fuel of the future. Dr. Walter Steinmann, director of the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) introduces the topic, stressing that the Swiss Confederation and the Cantons are supporting efforts to increase the sustainable use of wood fuels. Further articles take a closer look at pellets and their form. Pellets-fired heating units are introduced as a viable alternative to traditional oil-fired units. Tips are presented on the various ways of storing pellets. Quality-assurance aspects are examined and manufacturers and distributors of wood pellets are listed. A further article takes a closer look at a large Swiss manufacturer of pellets and describes the production process used as well as the logistics necessary for the transportation of raw materials and finished products. The brochure also presents a selection of pellet ovens and heating systems from various manufacturers. A further article illustrates the use of pellets as a means of heating apartment blocks built to the MINERGIE low-energy-consumption standard. In the example quoted, the classic combination of solar energy for the pre-heating of hot water and pellets for the central heating and hot water supply is used. The use of a buried spherical tank to store pellets - and thus the saving of space inside the building - is described in a further article that takes a look at the refurbishment of the heating system in a single-family home. Finally, various contributions presented at the Pellets Forum held in Berne in November 2003 are summarised in a short article

A mídia ensina: a criança é soberana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Simone Vione Schwengber

2012-09-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo é parte de uma pesquisa inspirada nos campos dos Estudos de Gênero. Nele discuto a emergência de técnicas de governamento inerentes à modernidade e a criação de dispositivos educativos do imperativo da maternidade e da paternidade responsáveis. Defino esse processo educativo contemporâneo mais amplo como politização da família relacional – o casal. A partir do resultado das análises, focalizo um movimento que ensina – a criança é soberana.

A Giant or a Dwarf?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Schmid, Herman

2005-01-01

EU may appear to be a giant when it can act on behalf of a united Europe, but usually it is hampered by conflicting member state interests. The EU economic and administrative resources for foreign and trade policy are quite small (on level with one of its major member states) and the hopes in many...

A deformable magnetizable worm in a magnetic field-A prototype of a mobile crawling robot

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zimmermann, Klaus [Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technische Universitaet Ilmenau, PF 10 05 65, 98684 (Germany)]. E-mail: klaus.zimmermann@tu-ilmenau.de; Naletova, Vera A. [Department of Mechanics and Mathematics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992 (Russian Federation); Institute of Mechanics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1, Michurinsky Pr., Moscow 119192 (Russian Federation); Zeidis, Igor [Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technische Universitaet Ilmenau, PF 10 05 65, 98684 (Germany); Turkov, Vladimir A. [Institute of Mechanics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1, Michurinsky Pr., Moscow 119192 (Russian Federation); Kolev, Emil [Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technische Universitaet Ilmenau, PF 10 05 65, 98684 (Germany); Lukashevich, Mikhail V. [Institute of Mechanics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1, Michurinsky Pr., Moscow 119192 (Russian Federation); Stepanov, Gennadij V. [State Research Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Organoelement Compounds, 38, Shosse Entuziastov, Moscow 111123 (Russian Federation)

2007-04-15

The paper deals with the deformation and worm-like motion of a magnetizable elastic body in an alternate magnetic field from an experimental and a theoretically point of view. Theoretically (analytically and numerically) calculated results of the body velocity are compared with the experimental data.

Adenosine A2A receptors and A2A receptor heteromers as key players in striatal function

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sergi eFerre

2011-06-01

Full Text Available A very significant density of adenosine adenosine A2A receptors (A2ARs is present in the striatum, where they are preferentially localized postsynaptically in striatopallidal medium spiny neurons (MSNs. In this localization A2ARs establish reciprocal antagonistic interactions with dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs. In one type of interaction, A2AR and D2R are forming heteromers and, by means of an allosteric interaction, A2AR counteracts D2R-mediated inhibitory modulation of the effects of NMDA receptor stimulation in the striato-pallidal neuron. This interaction is probably mostly responsible for the locomotor depressant and activating effects of A2AR agonist and antagonists, respectively. The second type of interaction involves A2AR and D2R that do not form heteromers and takes place at the level of adenylyl-cyclase (AC. Due to a strong tonic effect of endogenous dopamine on striatal D2R, this interaction keeps A2AR from signaling through AC. However, under conditions of dopamine depletion or with blockade of D2R, A2AR-mediated AC activation is unleashed with an increased gene expression and activity of the striato-pallidal neuron and with a consequent motor depression. This interaction is probably the main mechanism responsible for the locomotor depression induced by D2R antagonists. Finally, striatal A2ARs are also localized presynaptically, in cortico-striatal glutamatergic terminals that contact the striato-nigral MSN. These presynaptic A2ARs heteromerize with A1 receptors (A1Rs and their activation facilitates glutamate release. These three different types of A2ARs can be pharmacologically dissected by their ability to bind ligands with different affinity and can therefore provide selective targets for drug development in different basal ganglia disorders.

Towards a personalized Internet: a case for a full decentralization.

Science.gov (United States)

Kermarrec, Anne-Marie

2013-03-28

The Web has become a user-centric platform where users post, share, annotate, comment and forward content be it text, videos, pictures, URLs, etc. This social dimension creates tremendous new opportunities for information exchange over the Internet, as exemplified by the surprising and exponential growth of social networks and collaborative platforms. Yet, niche content is sometimes difficult to retrieve using traditional search engines because they target the mass rather than the individual. Likewise, relieving users from useless notification is tricky in a world where there is so much information and so little of interest for each and every one of us. We argue that ultra-specific content could be retrieved and disseminated should search and notification be personalized to fit this new setting. We also argue that users' interests should be implicitly captured by the system rather than relying on explicit classifications simply because the world is by nature unstructured, dynamic and users do not want to be hampered in their actions by a tight and static framework. In this paper, we review some existing personalization approaches, most of which are centralized. We then advocate the need for fully decentralized systems because personalization raises two main issues. Firstly, personalization requires information to be stored and maintained at a user granularity which can significantly hurt the scalability of a centralized solution. Secondly, at a time when the 'big brother is watching you' attitude is prominent, users may be more and more reluctant to give away their personal data to the few large companies that can afford such personalization. We start by showing how to achieve personalization in decentralized systems and conclude with the research agenda ahead.

A masculinidade e a ideologia: a socialização masculina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriel Ferreira de Brito

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Pretendemos, no presente artigo, refletir sobre a relação da ideologia, socialização e a masculinidade. Nosso referencial teórico para o conceito de ideologia se apoia em Marx, Mészáros e Lukács; é a partir destes pensadores que pretendemos dialogar com os estudos sobre o feminismo, a masculinidade e os gêneros em geral, pois pensamos que a influência destes três elementos pode assumir aspectos mais danosos para as mulheres e outros gêneros nas populações mais carentes da sociedade. Com referências a estatísticas sobre violência contra mulher e pesquisas qualitativas sobre sexualidade, paternidade e violência, pretendemos confirmar que o resultado de tal analise é de que a baixa instrução e a desigualdade social acentuada (principalmente no Brasil representam um perigo para os gêneros dominados. Dessa forma também será possível reafirmar que o conceito de masculinidade marginalizada pode ser observado na sociedade, permitindo uma melhor apreensão dos diferentes tipos de masculinidades possíveis na nossa cultura e em tantas outras

Towards a categorisation of behaviour determinants with a view to a ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Towards a categorisation of behaviour determinants with a view to a more ... personal, environmental and intervening factors on the adoption behaviour and ... most important determinants associated with behavioural change and to calculate ...

A, a Brominated Flame Retardant

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tomomi Takeshita

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA, a brominated flame retardant, has been found to exacerbate pneumonia in respiratory syncytial virus- (RSV- infected mice. We examined the effect of Brazilian propolis (AF-08 on the exacerbation of RSV infection by TBBPA exposure in mice. Mice were fed a powdered diet mixed with 1% TBBPA alone, 0.02% AF-08 alone, or 1% TBBPA and 0.02% AF-08 for four weeks and then intranasally infected with RSV. TBBPA exposure increased the pulmonary virus titer and level of IFN-γ, a representative marker of pneumonia due to RSV infection, in the lungs of infected mice without toxicity. AF-08 was significantly effective in reducing the virus titers and IFN-γ level increased by TBBPA exposure. Also, AF-08 significantly reduced proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-α and IL-6 levels in the lungs of RSV-infected mice with TBBPA exposure, but Th2 cytokine (IL-4 and IL-10 levels were not evidently increased. Neither TBBPA exposure nor AF-08 treatment affected the anti-RSV antibody production in RSV-infected mice. In flow cytometry analysis, AF-08 seemed to be effective in reducing the ratio of pulmonary CD8a+ cells in RSV-infected mice with TBBPA exposure. TBBPA and AF-08 did not exhibit anti-RSV activity in vitro. Thus, AF-08 probably ameliorated pneumonia exacerbated by TBBPA exposure in RSV-infected mice by limiting excess cellular immune responses.

Trapping a single atom with a fraction of a photon using a photonic crystal nanocavity

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Oosten, D.; Kuipers, L.

2011-01-01

We consider the interaction between a single rubidium atom and a photonic crystal nanocavity. Because of the ultrasmall mode volume of the nanocavity, an extremely strong coupling regime can be achieved in which the atom can shift the cavity resonance by many cavity linewidths. We show that this

A associação entre a periodontite e a doença renal crónica

OpenAIRE

Fernandes, Miguel Ângelo Ferreira

2017-01-01

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz A Doença periodontal (DP) tem sido cada vez mais associada a diferentes doenças sistémicas e tem-se mostrado como um potencial fator de risco para algumas delas, como as doenças cardiovasculares e a diabetes mellitus. A evidência científica sugere que a doença renal crónica (DRC) tem repercussões a nível da cavidade oral e do estado de saúde oral, nomeadamente ao poder induzir aumento do vo...

A Marshmallow and a Song

Science.gov (United States)

Kenney, Susan

2009-01-01

Music exists in time. One cannot get to the end of the song before going through the song. Is this significant for helping children wait? And can the way we present a singing game activity intensify the delay of what might be a gratifying moment at the end of the song? In this article, the author reflects on whether music can teach delayed…

Hepatic hypervitaminosis A: a familial observation.

Science.gov (United States)

Sarles, J; Scheiner, C; Sarran, M; Giraud, F

1990-01-01

Four siblings with hepatic fibrosis are described. The liver damage in these patients was secondary to chronic ingestion of massive doses of vitamin A for congenital ichthyosis. Although the extrahepatic manifestations were helpful in the diagnosis of hypervitaminosis A, the distinctive features of hepatic histopathology were confirmatory. The plasma concentrations of vitamin A and retinol-binding protein were misleading. The recovery from the liver damage in these patients was slow despite a complete withdrawal of the vitamin A intake. These cases show the importance of hepatic vitamin A assessment in the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis.

Translocation of a polymer through a nanopore across a viscosity gradient.

Science.gov (United States)

de Haan, Hendrick W; Slater, Gary W

2013-04-01

The translocation of a polymer through a pore in a membrane separating fluids of different viscosities is studied via several computational approaches. Starting with the polymer halfway, we find that as a viscosity difference across the pore is introduced, translocation will predominately occur towards one side of the membrane. These results suggest an intrinsic pumping mechanism for translocation across cell walls which could arise whenever the fluid across the membrane is inhomogeneous. Somewhat surprisingly, the sign of the preferred direction of translocation is found to be strongly dependent on the simulation algorithm: for Langevin dynamics (LD) simulations, a bias towards the low viscosity side is found while for Brownian dynamics (BD), a bias towards the high viscosity is found. Examining the translocation dynamics in detail across a wide range of viscosity gradients and developing a simple force model to estimate the magnitude of the bias, the LD results are demonstrated to be more physically realistic. The LD results are also compared to those generated from a simple, one-dimensional random walk model of translocation to investigate the role of the internal degrees of freedom of the polymer and the entropic barrier. To conclude, the scaling of the results across different polymer lengths demonstrates the saturation of the directional preference with polymer length and the nontrivial location of the maximum in the exponent corresponding to the scaling of the translocation time with polymer length.

A.G.A. program gives utilities a leg up on benchmarking

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Share, J.

1997-01-01

In this era of downsizing, distribution companies are banding together under the aegis of the American Gas Association to improve their performance, ultimately saving money and jobs. The Best Practice Benchmarking program began in 1990 when New Orleans Public Service coordinated an effort by several utilities wanting to compare practices and data. It is not benchmarking in the traditional sense. Best Practices stresses functional rather than competitive or numerical benchmarking by focusing on what utilities have done to improve their operations. In a report on Best Practices, John Bayko, Director of System Operations for Consumers Gas in Toronto, noted these success stories: Building odorant storage and transport facilities were found to save one company $17,500 annually because it could buy odorant in bulk as opposed to 55-gallon drums. Upgrading its cathodic protection system helped a company realize a 40 percent reduction in corrosion leaks over a two-year period, saving $200,000 a year. Another company began studying partnering with contractors which would eliminate the need of a pipeline inspector in each crew. Those potential savings are over $2 million. This paper describes three other Best Practices related to worker safety, system mapping, and activity-based accounting. A.G.A.'s role is briefly discussed

Nanomaterials A Danger or a Promise? A Chemical and Biological Perspective

CERN Document Server

Fiévet, Fernand; Coradin, Thibaud

2013-01-01

With the increased presence of nanomaterials in commercial products such as cosmetics and sunscreens, fillers in dental fillings, water filtration process, catalysis, photovoltaic cells, bio-detection, a growing public debate is emerging on toxicological and environmental effects of direct and indirect exposure to these materials. Nanomaterials: A Danger or a Promise? forms a balanced overview of the health and environmental issues of nanoscale materials.   By considering both the benefits and risks associated with nanomaterials, Nanomaterials: A Danger or a Promise? compiles a complete and detailed image of the many aspects of the interface between nanomaterials and their real-life application. The full cycle of nanomaterials life will be presented and critically assessed to consider and answer questions such as: ·         How are nanomaterials made? ·         What they are used for? ·         What is their environmental fate? ·         Can we make them better?   Includi...

A primary sellar neuroblastoma mimicking a pituitary adenoma: A case report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Dong Gun; Heo, Young Jin; Kim, Eun Kyoung; Baek, Jin Wook; Jeong, Hae Woong; Jung, Hyun Seok [Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan (Korea, Republic of)

2016-12-15

Intracranial neuroblastomas are uncommon malignant tumors that usually arise in the supratentorial parenchymal or paraventricular location. A primary neuroblastoma arising in the sella turcica is extremely rare. We report a case of a 76-year-old man who presented with progressive bitemporal hemianopsia. His pituitary hormone levels were within the normal range, except for slightly increased prolactin. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging revealed a solitary sellar mass with supra- and parasellar extension that mimicked a non-functioning pituitary adenoma or meningioma. The tumor was excised by transsphenoidal resection. Histopathologic analysis revealed small cells surrounded by a dense fibrillary stroma as well as strong expression of neural markers. Hence, the patient was diagnosed with sellar neuroblastoma. Prolactin levels normalized in the immediate postoperative period, although visual disturbances persisted. Herein, we describe the clinical manifestations, MRI characteristics, and histopathologic findings of this case.

Teoría de Juegos Aplicada a la Economía

OpenAIRE

Hernández Rodríguez, Adrián

2017-01-01

La Teoría de Juegos es una rama de las matemáticas y la economía que se encarga de analizar unas situaciones denominadas juegos, en las que dos o más jugadores deben decidir qué decisión tomar en función de las decisiones que puedan tomar los otros. Esta rama comenzó a tomar una gran importancia en la década de 1990, con la consecución en 1994 del Premio Nobel de Economía por parte de John Forbes Nash, John Harsanyi y Reinhard Selten. La Teoría de Juegos puede utilizarse para resolver situ...

A FOTOGRAFIA ENTRE A ARTE POPULAR E A ARTE ERUDITA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcos Fabris

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Este artigo pretende discutir alguns dos aspectos que marcam o estabelecimento e a dissolução das fronteiras entre dois pólos convencionalmente descritos como arte culta e arte popular, tecendo paralelos entre o teatro de variedades, forma de expressão popular por excelência, e a fotografia, expressão artística que desde seus primórdios circula entre os dois extremos deste contínuo. Nestes termos, ambiciona-se verificar como determinadas condições sócio-históricas favorecem a criação de recursos formais que minimizam, ou suprimem, tais distinções consagradas pela crítica de arte.

A unilateral optic perineuritis in a teenager - A case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Ameilia, Ahmad; Shatriah, Ismail; Wan-Hitam, Wan Hazabbah; Yunus, Rohaizan

2015-06-01

Optic perineuritis is an uncommon inflammatory disorder that involves optic nerve sheath. Numerous case reports have been published on optic perineuritis in adults, the majority of whom had bilateral presentation. There are limited data on optic perineuritis occurring in pediatric patients. We report a teenager who presented with a unilateral sign that mimicked the presentation of optic neuritis. The orbit and brain magnetic resonance imaging confirmed features of unilateral optic perineuritis. She was treated with a high dose of corticosteroids for 2weeks, and her final visual outcome was satisfactory. No signs of relapse were noted during follow-up visits. Copyright © 2014 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Is the A1 a resonance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morgan, D.

1975-06-01

Data on diffractive and charge exchange 3π production in the Jsup(P) = 1 + state are shown to favour a resonance interpretation, although with a somewhat higher mass than the conventional A 1 bump. Data are fitted using a two-component model for the production amplitude. The first component comprises the Deck (Born) contribution and its re-scattering corrections; the second represents the so-called 'direct-production' term. The conventional isobar approximation to unitarity is demanded; this forbids the intrusion of additional phases in the Born term, such as arise from projecting a Reggeized Deck amplitude. As a consequence, the phase of the 1 + S 3π production amplitude is predicted to execute a standard resonant variation with Msup(3π). This carries a striking implication for the interfering 'background' waves, 1 + P, 2 - P, 0 - S, relative to which the 1 + S amplitude fails to register any appreciable phase variation in phenomenological analyses. There is no obvious objection to ascribing resonance status to these three channels, of which only one, the 0 - , demands a new (π ') resonance. A running theme, which recurs whenever the results of phenomenological 3-body phase shift analyses are appealed to, is that dynamical features are best viewed in terms of effective matrix elements rather than partial cross-sections. (author)

Proposal for a Similar Question Search System on a Q&A Site

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Katsutoshi Kanamori

2014-06-01

Full Text Available There is a service to help Internet users obtain answers to specific questions when they visit a Q&A site. A Q&A site is very useful for the Internet user, but posted questions are often not answered immediately. This delay in answering occurs because in most cases another site user is answering the question manually. In this study, we propose a system that can present a question that is similar to a question posted by a user. An advantage of this system is that a user can refer to an answer to a similar question. This research measures the similarity of a candidate question based on word and dependency parsing. In an experiment, we examined the effectiveness of the proposed system for questions actually posted on the Q&A site. The result indicates that the system can show the questioner the answer to a similar question. However, the system still has a number of aspects that should be improved.

A model of a social chatbot

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Augello, Agnese; Gentile, Manuel; Weideveld, Lucas; Dignum, Frank

2016-01-01

Traditional chatbots lack the capability to correctly manage conversations according to the social context. However a dialogue is a joint activity that must consider both individual and social processes. In this work we propose a model of a social chatbot able to choose the most suitable dialogue

[A toddler with a mandibular fracture].

Science.gov (United States)

van der Linden, E L; Bun, R J; van Os, E

2017-01-01

Mandibular fractures are rare in children. Symptoms of these fractures include preauricular pain and swelling, trismus and pain when opening the mouth, and they are often preceded by a fall on the chin. If the diagnosis is missed they may have serious consequences for the growth and development of the jaw. A 3-year-old boy was referred with a swelling in his left cheek, fever and vomiting. Two days earlier he had fallen on his chin. At physical examination he had severe preauricular pain on palpation and a trismus. The patient was admitted because of suspicion of a viral parotitis and the threat of dehydration. After discharge, he went to the dentist for examination of a molar that was painful to the touch. The dentist performed an orthopantomogram and discovered a fracture of the left mandibular collum. Any child with trauma to the chin should be observed for symptoms of a mandibular fracture, and if it seems necessary non-invasive radiographic examination should be performed.

A face in a (temporal) crowd.

Science.gov (United States)

Hacker, Catrina M; Meschke, Emily X; Biederman, Irving

2018-03-20

Familiar objects, specified by name, can be identified with high accuracy when embedded in a rapidly presented sequence of images at rates exceeding 10 images/s. Not only can target objects be detected at such brief presentation rates, they can also be detected under high uncertainty, where their classification is defined negatively, e.g., "Not a Tool." The identification of a familiar speaker's voice declines precipitously when uncertainty is increased from one to a mere handful of possible speakers. Is the limitation imposed by uncertainty, i.e., the number of possible individuals, a general characteristic of processes for person individuation such that the identifiability of a familiar face would undergo a similar decline with uncertainty? Specifically, could the presence of an unnamed celebrity, thus any celebrity, be detected when presented in a rapid sequence of unfamiliar faces? If so, could the celebrity be identified? Despite the markedly greater physical similarity of faces compared to objects that are, say, not tools, the presence of a celebrity could be detected with moderately high accuracy (∼75%) at rates exceeding 7 faces/s. False alarms were exceedingly rare as almost all the errors were misses. Detection accuracy by moderate congenital prosopagnosics was lower than controls, but still well above chance. Given the detection of the presence of a celebrity, all subjects were almost always able to identify that celebrity, providing no role for a covert familiarity signal outside of awareness. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Lipoprotein(a) and ischemic heart disease-A causal association? A review

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kamstrup, P.R.

2010-01-01

association of LPA copy number variants, influencing levels of lipoprotein(a), with risk of IHD. In conclusion, results from epidemiologic, in vitro, animal, and genetic epidemiologic studies support a causal association of lipoprotein(a) with risk of IHD, while results from randomized clinical trials...

A Fifa, a democracia e a soberania: tensões e paradoxos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Fernanda Salcedo Repoles

2015-06-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2177-7055.2015v36n70p211 O artigo parte das declarações de dirigentes da FIFA no contexto das manifestações de junho de 2013, segundo as quais a democracia representaria obstáculo para a realização da Copa do Mundo. Busca-se analisar ainda o suposto “território FIFA” na Lei Geral da Copa.  O objetivo é refletir sobre esses dois aspectos a partir das tensões geradas na modernidade entre a realização das promessas de soberania e de democracia e as pressões advindas das forças de mercado notadamente volúveis e imprevisíveis. As manifestações políticas podem ser entendidas como reação à privatização da esfera pública e a lembrança de que a fixação de “territórios” pode também ser oportunidade de encontro e de exercício do dissenso.

A possible prebiotic synthesis of pantetheine, a precursor to coenzyme A

Science.gov (United States)

Keefe, A. D.; Newton, G. L.; Miller, S. L.

1995-01-01

The involvement of coenzyme A in many enzyme reactions suggests that it acted in this capacity very early in the development of life on Earth. Particularly relevant in this regard is its role in the activation of amino acids and hydroxy acids in the biosynthesis of some peptide antibiotics--a mechanism of peptide synthesis that forms the basis for the proposal that a thioester world could have preceded the RNA world. The components of coenzyme A have been shown to be probable prebiotic compounds: beta-alanine, pantoyl lactone and cysteamine and possibly adenosine. We show here that the pantetheine moiety of coenzyme A (which also occurs in a number of enzymes) can be synthesized in yields of several per cent by heating pantoyl lactone, beta-alanine and cysteamine at temperatures as low as 40 degrees C. These components are extremely soluble and so would have been preferentially concentrated in evaporating bodies of water, for example on beaches and at lagoon margins. Our results show that amide bonds can be formed at temperatures as low as 40 degrees C, and provide circumstantial support for the suggestion that pantetheine and coenzyme A were important in the earliest metabolic systems.

A QUESTION OF STRATEGY:TO BE A PIONEER OR A FOLLOWER?

OpenAIRE

Đorđe Kaličanin

2008-01-01

One of the most important questions faced by business leaders in the strategic management process is a choice of timing to launch new product/technologies and enter new markets. There are two options: to be a pioneer or to be a follower. Both have advantages and risks. Pioneers often have higher profitability, greater market share, and a longer business life, but the relative success of each strategy depends on several factors, both internal and external (pace of evolution of technology and m...

Homenagem a Ecléa Bosi

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marilena Chauí

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Neste ensaio, buscamos a principal contribuição de Ecléa Bosi para a Psicologia Social, qual seja, a relação entre teoria, método e técnicas de pesquisa e militância social, política e cultural, a partir da definição da psicologia como fenomenologia dos atos expressivos e da relação de amizade entre o pesquisador e o pesquisado como pessoa.

Starting a business through a franchise

OpenAIRE

Dubravka Mahaček; Maja Martinko Lihtar

2013-01-01

A business can be launched by establishing a new entity, purchasing an existing entity or through a franc - hise. There are certain prerequisites for starting a business, the most important ones being a quality idea and start-up capital. Potential start-up difficulties are inadequate financing, existing competition as well as the process of building your own market position. By purchasing an existing business some risks may be avoided and the opportunity for gaining profit may ...

A question of strategy: To be a pioneer or a follower?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kaličanin Đorđe

2008-01-01

Full Text Available One of the most important questions faced by business leaders in the strategic management process is a choice of timing to launch new product/technologies and enter new markets. There are two options: to be a pioneer or to be a follower. Both have advantages and risks. Pioneers often have higher profitability, greater market share, and a longer business life, but the relative success of each strategy depends on several factors, both internal and external (pace of evolution of technology and markets.

Nuclear data sheets for (odd-A) A = 249 through A = 263

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schmorak, M.R.

1976-01-01

The available experimental data pertaining to the nuclear structure of nuclei with odd mass numbers A = 249 through 263 are compiled (the even-A mass chains were published in March 1976). The results from various decay and reaction measurements, as available through February 1976, are compared and evaluated and alpha-hindrance factors are calculated (see Table 2); syst refers to systematics values: in the case of SF a rough order of magnitude estimate of T/sub 1/2/(SF) was made in a manner similar to that of 73Ra38, T/sub 1/2/(α) syst were obtained as in 72E1Sc, and Q-values from systematics were obtained in a manner similar to that of 71WaGo

Introducción a los Problemas que Plantea la Economía a la Ecología

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Blandon Montes Luis Alberto

1981-09-01

Full Text Available Para iniciar diremos que la palabra economía se deriva del griego "Di konomike" (O ikos: Todo lo que uno posee; nomos: Administración, en el sentido empleado por los griegos la palabra venía a significar el acto de administrar prudente y sistemáticamente el patrimonio familiar. Esta administración prudente se remonta a los comienzos de la humanidad cuando el hombre para satisfacer sus necesidades recurría a sus habilidades como cazador y recolector y a las posibilidades que la naturaleza le brindaba en este sentido. Con el perfeccionamiento de la habilidad, nació la acumulación y posiblemente el intercambio, que vienen a incrementarse y a tomar cuerpo con la domesticación y cría de animales y el cultivo de las plantas que dan nacimiento a la agricultura con el arado de hierro tirado por animales dornésticos, la rotación de la tierra a gran escala y una producción de medios de existencia casi ilimitados para el momento. Todo ello motivó un rápido aumento de la población, que se instala densamente en pequeñas áreas dando origen a las comunidades antiguas organizadas principalmente para la guerra. La vida económica descansaba por lo general en la esclavitud y los botines de guerra. Unos cuantos propietarios eran dueños de la tierra, los esclavos aportaban la mayoría del trabajo en el taller y en el campo, las costumbres y las castas imponían una barrera casi infranqueable al progreso individual, en resumen la vida económica era limitada y subordinada a la filosofía, la ética la religión y el derecho de los señores dueños del poder representados en la iglesia y en un estado poderoso. La palabra ecología se deriva del griego "oikos": casa, la ecología es el estudio de casas o más ampliamente, medio ambiente. La unidad básica de la ecología es el ecosistema, puesto que incluye tanto a los organismos como al medio ambiente, cada uno influenciando las propiedades del otro y ambos necesarios para el mantenimiento de la

Running a Prover in a Prover - Isabelle as a Meta-Logic

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Villadsen, Jørgen

Isabelle provides a foundation of mathematics and I show how you can run your own verified prover directly in the Isabelle prover or as a stand-alone program. I describe the formalization of syntax and semantics and discuss the proof of soundness and completeness for a simple prover for first...

A Variable Thermal Conductivity Flow of A Micropolar Fluid Over A ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

We revisited the paper of Mahmoud et al, on the hydromagnetic boundary layer micropolar fluid flow over a stretching surface embedded in a non-Darcian porous medium with radiation.We show that even when the thermal conductivity depends linearly or quadratically on temperature the problem still has a unique solution.

A model for a dia-electric

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Narnhofer, H.; Thirring, W.

1989-01-01

Andre Martin is the master of the Schroedinger equation. Where others may do with cheap approximations he would not buy anything but a conclusive result proved by hard analysis. In recent years he applied his skill to meson spectroscopy where one deals with confining potentials. As a birthday present we will offer him a charged medium which gives such a potential purely in the framework of electrodynamics. We realize that this is just a toy and not the mechanism realized in nature. There it is supposed to emerge from QCD where also nonlinear and quantum effects are important. But our model may provide a formal basis to the heuristic discussions one finds in textbooks [1,2]. 6 refs. (Author)

A Wimba Way, A Wimba Way

OpenAIRE

Beck, Charlotte; Miller, Katherine; Taylor, Sally

2010-01-01

Wimba Classroom, like other online teaching tools, gives us a way to connect to our learners at a distance. This software can be used to share desktops, PowerPoint presentations, polls and more. Come and see a demonstration of the software and hear how we’re using Wimba Classroom to teach health care practitioners in a distance education program, undergraduate students in a first-year biology course and participants in an online RefWorks workshop. We’ll also talk about our “Train the Trainer”...

A review of AbobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport).

Science.gov (United States)

Lorenc, Z Paul; Kenkel, Jeffrey M; Fagien, Steven; Hirmand, Haideh; Nestor, Mark S; Sclafani, Anthony P; Sykes, Jonathan M; Waldorf, Heidi A

2013-03-01

AbobotulinumtoxinA was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2009 as the second botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNTA) for use in facial aesthetics. This article provides an overview of abobotulinumtoxinA's applications and indications as well as safety and efficacy data. AbobotulinumtoxinA is generally well tolerated. Adverse events from abobotulinumtoxinA are similar to those reported with other BoNTA products. Clinical applications of the product are also discussed in this article. Information on handling, storage, and dosing is provided.

[A Massive Open Oneline Course (MOOC) on pratical histology: A goal, a tool, a large public ! Return on a first experience].

Science.gov (United States)

Multon, Sylvie; Pesesse, Laurence; Weatherspoon, Alodie; Florquin, Sandra; Van de Poel, Jean-François; Martin, Pierre; Vincke, Grégoire; Hoyoux, Renaud; Marée, Raphael; Verpoorten, Dominique; Bonnet, Pierre; Quatresooz, Pascale; Defaweux, Valérie

2018-04-01

A goal ! The MOOC entitled "Introduction to Histology, A Human Tissue Exploration" correspond to our vision of the practice of General Histology, which is based on the ability to diagnose 5 families of biological tissues. Ultimately, participants must be able to recognize the different types of cells and all the surrounding elements in order to understand how they organize themselves to form tissues with specific functions. A tool ! This know-how is based on reasoning from observations of microscopic structures. Learners are therefore invited to manipulate a virtual microscope to explore biological samples on histological slides digitized. Annotations, comments, drawings or photos are associated with landmarks that enrich the study of these histological sections. A target audience ! Two educational paths allow deepening the subject in a different way and thus matching the goals or motivations of each one. After a first year of experience, usage statistics and surveys of our learners show that the MOOC Histo has allowed each of them to find an interest and federate a community of motivated learners. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Estimating a constant WTP for a QALY-a mission impossible?

Science.gov (United States)

Sund, Björn; Svensson, Mikael

2017-09-21

Economic evaluations are an important input to decision-making and priority-setting in the health care sector. Measuring preferences for health improvements, as the demand-side value (willingness to pay) of gaining a quality-adjusted life year (QALY), is one relevant component in the interpretation of the results from health economic evaluations. Our article addresses whether willingness to pay for a QALY (WTP-Q) is sensitive to the size of the health differences and the probability for improvement. We use data from a contingent valuation survey based on 1400 respondents conducted in the spring of 2014. The results show that the expectation of sensitivity to scope, or higher WTP to the larger expected quality of life improvement, is not supported. We find WTP-Q values that conform reasonably well to previous studies in Sweden.

A factor in a wild isolated Neurospora crassa strain enables a ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

in part, by a gene-silencing process called meiotic silencing by unpaired DNA, a presumed RNAi-mediated elimination of the transcripts of any gene not properly paired with a homolog in meiosis (Aramayo and Metzenberg 1996; Shiu et al. 2001, 2006). The semi-dominant Sad-1 suppressor of meiotic silencing was used to ...

A boy or a girl? A Hungarian survey regarding gender selection.

Science.gov (United States)

Fejes, Imre; Szöllosi, János; Závaczki, Zoltán; Koloszár, Sándor; Pál, Attila

2006-01-01

Infertile Hungarian couples were surveyed with regard to their opinion of preconception gender selection by the separation of X- and Y-bearing sperm populations. Self-completion of a questionnaire. Group 1: subjects presenting for infertility examination; Group 2: presenting for homologous intrauterine insemination. As concerns the gender of the firstborn, 13.8% of those in Group 1 preferred a boy and 10.3% a girl, while 75.9% had no preference. The male preference was higher in Group 2: 33.3% preferred a boy and 7.4% a girl while 59.3% had no preference (chi 2, p gender. In Group 2, 30.8% were willing to pay the extra costs for a gender selection procedure as compared with only 10.8% of the couples in Group 1 (chi 2, p equal numbers of male and female children. The utilization of preconception gender selection, therefore, would not seem to appreciably affect the natural male/female ratio. Genetic indications exert significant effects on the decision regarding sex selection procedures.

De Analogía a Digitalia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dr. Xaime Fandiño Alonso

2001-01-01

Full Text Available La transformación hacia la tecnología numérica ha provocado en el último decenio cambios importantes en los entornos de creación, operación, transformación y distribución de productos audiovisuales.Los restos de la era analógica están dando sus últimos estertores de la mano de unos entornos digitales, desarrollados velozmente.Estos nuevos equipos son en la mayoría de los casos prototipos. La velocidad del mercado, la competencia, las joint-ventures..., no permiten ningún tipo de relajo a las empresas tecnológicas que participan en esta carrera desenfrenada de competitividad.Las maquinarias dedicadas a procesos puntuales, cada vez más, son historias para el recuerdo. Hoy todo es efímero y la tecnología de antaño basada en equipos mecánicos (magnetoscopios..., plataformas y soportes lineales (cintas... están abocados a la desaparición.Conceptos de solvencia empresarial tales como "los grandes y los pequeños", utilizados en otros ámbitos de la industria, son en el sector audiovisual cada vez más delicados. En los diarios económicos podemos leer cómo, con cierta asiduidad, empresas muy posicionadas en el sector se ven abocadas a establecer fusiones, compras y participaciones, con pequeñas células de creación y desarrollo que surgen de la creatividad de jóvenes emprendedores, hasta ayer desconocidos.La era digital está corriendo un enorme telón y deja atrás, por suerte, una etapa analógica en la que la posesión de los medios de producción, debido a sus costes, era motivo suficiente para negar la participación y el acceso, a equipos tecnológicos audiovisuales de carácter profesional, a los creadores.Hoy, lo digital proporciona nuevos sistemas con entornos productivos más amables a la vez que reduce considerablemente coste de los equipamientos. En este momento, despojados ya de los inconvenientes analógicos, el talento es el verdadero motor de la industria audiovisual, en un sector que aglutina tecnología

Infectious genotype 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 5a, 6a and 7a hepatitis C virus lacking the hypervariable region 1 (HVR1)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2014-01-01

.sub.1389c,A1590G (6a/2a) constructs for the deletion of Hypervariable Region 1 (HVR1) to construct viable, JFH 1 (genotype 2a) based, genomes. The present inventors serially passaged the viruses in cell culture obtaining relatively high HCV RNA titers and infectivity titers. Sequence analysis...... of the viruses identified mutations adapting H77/JFH 1.sub.T27OOC,A4O8OT,.DELTA.HVR1 (1a/2a), J8/JFH .sub.1.DELTA.HVR1 (2b/2a), S52/JFH 1.sub.T2718G,T716OC,.DELTA.HVR1 (3a/2a) and J4/JFH 1.sub.T2996C,A4827T,.DELTA.HVR1 (1b/2a) to the HVR1 deletion....

A Day of Silence, a Day of Truth, and a Lawsuit

Science.gov (United States)

Fusarelli, Bonnie C.; Eaton, Lucy E.

2011-01-01

This case study focuses on issues of freedom of speech and freedom of religion in public schools. It involves a rural, southern high school where a group of students participated in a Day of Silence. The school allowed the students to participate based on the principal's understanding of the students' First Amendment rights. However, the next day,…

A miracle happening to a laser beam in a soap film

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Startsev, Aleksandr V; Stoilov, Yurii Yu

2003-01-01

When a 10 μW - 3 W laser beam (for example, at 632.8 nm) is focused into a usual soap film of thickness between 10 nm and 10 μm from the side or through a defect on the film surface, the self-channeling of the beam propagating in the film is observed. The beam also exhibits self-branching into submicron filaments, the so-called whiskers of length several tens of centimetres. The results of experiments on the dynamics of behaviour of these whiskers in a soap film, their polariton nature, and possible applications are discussed. (letters)

Having a Whale of a Time

Science.gov (United States)

du Feu, Chris

2009-01-01

A classroom practical exercise exploring the reliability of a basic capture-mark-recapture method of population estimation is described using great whale conservation as a starting point. Various teaching resources are made available.

1955-IJBCS-Article-Ajayi A A

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

A. chevalieri was grown in a synthetic medium containing starch as the sole carbon source. Culture ... The observed properties would aid in preserving the enzyme and knowing optimum ... Aspergillus chevalieri is a storage mould affecting ...

A LDB e a psicologia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Oswaldo H. Yamamoto

Full Text Available Este estudo discute as implicações para a formação acadêmica e para o exercício profissional do psicólogo, da aprovação da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB. São pontuados alguns dos pressupostos subjacentes à lei, os aspectos principais do texto legal e algumas de suas decorrências, como a regulamentação dos cursos seqüenciais e diretrizes curriculares.

A box of mirrors, a unicorn, and a pony

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jules Wilkinson

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Fans and creators have traditionally treated fanworks with a "don't ask, don't tell" policy. However, Supernatural incorporates fans and their creative works into the show itself, changing the status quo of the fan/creator relationship.

A review of onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox).

Science.gov (United States)

Lorenc, Z Paul; Kenkel, Jeffrey M; Fagien, Steven; Hirmand, Haideh; Nestor, Mark S; Sclafani, Anthony P; Sykes, Jonathan M; Waldorf, Heidi A

2013-03-01

OnabotulinumtoxinA was introduced to the US market in 2002 as the first botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) approved for facial aesthetics. This article provides an overview of onabotulinumtoxinA's uses and indications as well as safety and efficacy data. As with other BoNTA products, onabotulinumtoxinA is generally well tolerated. Consideration is also given to clinical applications of the product. Information on handling, storage, and dosing is provided.

Transforming a foundation into a cooperative

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Ramón Manzano Malaxechevarría

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The author charts a path between entities that meet needs in the general interest such as foundations and others which are neither entities of general interest nor have purely mercantile legal personality such as cooperatives. Transforming a foundation into a cooperative calls for a broad interpretation of the principle of free will that the legislation wishes to foster.Received: 12.02.2013Accepted: 20.04.2013

Chromatically unique 6-bridge graph theta(a,a,a,b,b,c

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

N.S.A. Karim

2016-04-01

Full Text Available For a graph $G$, let $P(G,\\lambda$ denote the chromatic polynomial of $G$. Two graphs $G$ and $H$ are chromatically equivalent if they share the same chromatic polynomial. A graph $G$ is chromatically unique if for any graph chromatically equivalent to $G$ is isomorphic to $G$. In this paper, the chromatically unique of a new family of 6-bridge graph $\\theta(a,a,a,b,b,c$ where $2\\le a\\le b\\le c$ is investigated.

A Review of the Monograph “Home as a Living Environment of a Person: a Psychological Study”

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vachkov I.V.

2017-03-01

Full Text Available The reviewed book is a fundamental work of a group of scientists led by a well-known expert in the field of environment psychology, Professor S.K. Nartova – Bochaver. The monograph presents results of a systematic and multifaceted study of a completely new scientific field – the psychology of the home, as the main human life environment that determines one's individuality, social interaction and life success and which is the most powerful ecological and social resource. Prerequisites for the selection of the new subject of study, stages of developing of the completely new category apparatus and also methodology of home – person relations are outlined. The main content of the book is a description of the research results of the formation of various home concepts, subjective models of a friendly home in adolescence, home resources for positive functioning in adolescence and youth, affection and estrangement to home in one’s life perspective. Present book is addressed to a wide range of readers and will be useful to specialists of different profiles: psychologists, psychotherapists, teachers, architects, designers.

A Year To Make a Difference

Science.gov (United States)

Howell, J. Emory

1999-01-01

Secondary School Feature Articles * Animating Reactions: A Low-Cost Activity for Particle Conceptualization at the Secondary Level, by Robert W. Milne, p 50. * The Gravity of the Situation, by Damon Diemente, p 55. You must be the change you wish to see in the world. Mahatma Ghandi The beginning of a new year always brings with it a feeling of anticipation, a desire to achieve new goals, and a certain urgency to accomplish. Beginning the last year of the 1900s seems somehow to amplify these feelings. This week I was reminded twice of the challenge that lies in focusing on those things that we can change and not being fettered by those we cannot. The first example occurred in my office on a Monday afternoon. A young woman was considering the choice between entering graduate school or seeking a high school teaching position. After approximately 10 years in the workforce, she had entered college and was now within a semester of graduation. While pursuing her studies she had served as a substitute teacher in her home community, believing the experience would affirm her longstanding desire to teach. The behavioral characteristics of some students seemed to be at odds with her memories of high school only a dozen years earlier. Now she was questioning whether she could make a difference in young lives or if she should give up the idea of teaching in high school in favor of graduate degrees in her discipline, which would lead to a career in post-secondary education. Although I assured her that she could indeed have a great impact on high school students, I empathized with the concern she was feeling. The second example occurred the same day, in a class for chemistry majors who are preparing to teach high school chemistry. While considering the importance of performance assessment, with discussion centered on a JCE article ((a href="//1998/jan/abs64.html">Rasp, S. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 64-66), one class member asked why we only discussed and read about what teachers

Structural Dependence of Electronic Properties in A-A-D-A-A-Type Organic Solar Cell Material

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ram S. Bhatta

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Small conjugated molecules (SCMs are promising candidates for organic photovoltaic (OPV devices because of their structural simplicity, well control over synthetic reproducibility, and low purification cost. However, industrial development of SCM-based OPV devices requires improving their performance, which in turn relies on the fundamental understanding of structural dependence of electronic properties of SCMs. Herein, we report the structural and electronic properties of the BCNDTS molecule as a model system for acceptor-acceptor-donor-acceptor-acceptor (A-A-D-A-A type SCMs, using density functional theory (DFT and time-dependent DFT methods. Systematic calculations of two-dimensional potential energy surfaces, molecular electrostatic potential surfaces, ground state frontier molecular orbital energies, and the vertical excitation energies are performed. We found that the lowest energy conformation of the BCNDTS molecule is planar. The planar conformation favors the lowest ground state and the excited state energies as well as the strongest oscillator strength. The present results suggest that SCMs containing central dithienosilole cores connected with 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole groups have potential to be an efficient electron donor for OPV devices.

Cleavage of a recombinant human immunoglobulin A2 (IgA2)-IgA1 hybrid antibody by certain bacterial IgA1 proteases

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Senior, B; Dunlop, JI; Batten, MR

2000-01-01

, Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. sanguis, Neisseria meningitidis types 1 and 2, N. gonorrhoeae types 1 and 2, and Haemophilus influenzae type 2. Thus, for these enzymes the recognition site for IgA1 cleavage is contained within half of the IgA1 hinge region; additional distal elements, if required, are provided...... by either an IgA1 or an IgA2 framework. In contrast, the IgA2/A1 hybrid appeared to be resistant to cleavage with S. oralis and some H. influenzae type 1 IgA1 proteases, suggesting these enzymes require additional determinants for efficient substrate recognition....

Sprinting on a running track: a rare cause of a Lisfranc dislocation.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Khan, F

2012-02-03

We present a case report of a young man who sustained a serious foot injury while sprinting in a straight line. We discuss the management of these injuries and emphasise the importance of a high index of suspicion amongst orthopaedic, casualty and radiology trainees.

Unusual equilibration of a particle in a potential with a thermal wall

Science.gov (United States)

Bhat, Deepak; Sabhapandit, Sanjib; Kundu, Anupam; Dhar, Abhishek

2017-11-01

We consider a particle in a one-dimensional box of length L, with a Maxwell bath at one end and a reflecting wall at the other end. Using a renewal approach, as well as directly solving the master equation, we show that the system exhibits a slow power law relaxation, with a logarithmic correction, towards the final equilibrium state. We extend the renewal approach to a class of confining potentials of the form U(x) \\propto x^α , x>0 , where we find that the relaxation is ∼ t-(α+2)/(α-2) for α >2 , with a logarithmic correction when (α+2)/(α-2) is an integer. For α <2 the relaxation is exponential. Interestingly for α=2 (harmonic potential) the localised bath cannot equilibrate the particle.

Selling a gun to a stranger without a background check: acceptable behaviour?

Science.gov (United States)

Hemenway, David; Azrael, Deborah; Miller, Matthew

2017-06-24

One way that guns get into the wrong hands is via gun sales without a background check. While the large majority of Americans support laws requiring universal background checks, no prior study has assessed whether Americans think it is acceptable behaviour to sell a gun to a stranger without a background check, whether or not there is a law against it. We sponsored a nationally representative survey of over 3900 American adults, oversampling gun owners, using an online panel provided by the survey firm Growth for Knowledge. Over 72% of American adults agree or strongly agree with the statement that 'whether it is legal or not, it is NOT acceptable to sell a gun to a stranger without a background check' and 11% disagree or strongly disagree. Subgroups less likely to agree are young adults, men, conservatives, those with less than a high school education and gun owners. Reducing the number of guns sold without a background check could help reduce the flow of guns to felons. Changes in normative attitudes and behaviours, as well as changes in law, could help accomplish this goal. Most Americans, including gun owners, believe selling a gun to a stranger without a background check is not acceptable behaviour. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

A Masked Photocathode in a Photoinjector

OpenAIRE

Qiang, Ji

2011-01-01

In this paper, we propose a masked photocathode inside a photoinjector for generating high brightness electron beam. Instead of mounting the photocathode onto an electrode, an electrode with small hole is used as a mask to shield the photocathode from the accelerating vacuum chamber. Using such a masked photocathode will make the replacement of photocathode material easy by rotating the photocathode behind the electrode into the hole. Furthermore, this helps reduce the dark current or seconda...

A brain mass in a patient with Behcet's disease: a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Alfedaghi, Ahmad S; Masters, Y; Mourou, M; Eshak, O

2015-09-30

This case report describes an uncommon presentation of Behcet's disease which manifested as neuro-Behcet's disease. Although it is not the first reported case in the medical literature, it is a possible differential in a patient presenting with a brain tumor. Since the diagnosis of neuro-Behcet's disease depends largely on the clinical picture and medical history, it should be considered prior to opting for invasive diagnostic methods. Our patient is a 36-year-old white man from Kuwait. He presented with acute onset of headache, vomiting, and right-sided weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging of his brain showed a mass in the brain stem. He then revealed that he had a history of recurrent painful oral and genital ulcers for the past 10 years, which suggested a diagnosis of Behcet's disease. A brain biopsy was recommended by a neurosurgeon at the time, but the patient refused the procedure. After initiating steroid therapy, the mass began to regress and, eventually, was undetectable on subsequent imaging of his brain. This case of neuro-Behcet's disease reflects the need to consider this diagnosis in a patient of less than 40 years of age presenting with a suspected brain tumor. This may delay the need for invasive diagnostic methods, especially if such methods are not desired by the patient. In the management of suspected neuro-Behcet's disease, initiating steroid therapy and measuring the response is a reasonable option before seeking a definitive diagnosis via brain biopsy. If the response to steroids is minimal then a brain biopsy should be performed.

Ventana a la Farmacología

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Luisa Cárdenas Muñoz

1996-04-01

Full Text Available Terfenadina: no debe usarse con eritromicina: La terfenadina es un antihistamínico de segunda generación, cuyo uso se ha generalizado por producir menos sedación que los antihistamínicos de primera generación.  / Uso y abuso de corticoides tópicos oculares: A finales de la década de los cuarenta Kench y Kendall introdujeron la cortisona en la terapéutica humana, simultáneamente comenzó a ser utilizada con éxito en las inflamaciones oculares. /  Trastornos de pánico: pato fisiología y tratamiento: El tratamiento farmacológico del pánico se conoce y utiliza desde los años sesenta. Sinembargo, la comprensión del origen biológico de su pato fisiología sólo se comenzó a entender en años recientes. / Acido Acetil Salicilico y riesgo de Cancer Colorecal en mujeres: Evidencias muy importantes sugieren que el uso regular de ácido acetil salicílico (ASA y otros antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINE disminuye el riesgo de cáncer colorectal.

A novel approach to sonographic examination in a patient with a calf muscle tear: a case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chen Carl PC

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Introduction Rupture of the distal musculotendinous junction of the medial head of the gastrocnemius, also known as "tennis leg", can be readily examined using a soft tissue ultrasound. Loss of muscle fiber continuity and the occurrence of bloody fluid accumulation can be observed using ultrasound with the patient in the prone position; however, some cases may have normal ultrasound findings in this conventional position. We report a case of a middle-aged man with tennis leg. Ultrasound examination had normal findings during the first two attempts. During the third attempt, with the patient's calf muscles examined in an unconventional knee flexed position, sonographic findings resembling tennis leg were detected. Case presentation A 60-year-old man in good health visited our rehabilitation clinic complaining of left calf muscle pain. On suspicion of a ruptured left medial head gastrocnemius muscle, a soft tissue ultrasound examination was performed. An ultrasound examination revealed symmetrical findings of bilateral calf muscles without evidence of muscle rupture. A roentgenogram of the left lower limb did not reveal any bony lesions. An ultrasound examination one week later also revealed negative sonographic findings. However, he still complained of persistent pain in his left calf area. A different ultrasound examination approach was then performed with the patient lying in the supine position with his knee flexed at 90 degrees. The transducer was then placed pointing upwards to examine the muscles and well-defined anechoic fluid collections with areas of hypoechoic surroundings were observed. Conclusion For patients suffering from calf muscle area pain and suspicion of tennis leg, a soft tissue ultrasound is a simple tool to confirm the diagnosis. However, in the case of negative sonographic findings, we recommend trying a different positional approach to examine the calf muscles by ultrasound before the diagnosis of tennis leg can

A novel approach to sonographic examination in a patient with a calf muscle tear: a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Carl Pc; Tang, Simon Ft; Hsu, Chih-Chin; Chen, Ruo Li; Hsu, Rex Ch; Wu, Chin-Wen; Chen, Max Jl

2009-06-25

Rupture of the distal musculotendinous junction of the medial head of the gastrocnemius, also known as "tennis leg", can be readily examined using a soft tissue ultrasound. Loss of muscle fiber continuity and the occurrence of bloody fluid accumulation can be observed using ultrasound with the patient in the prone position; however, some cases may have normal ultrasound findings in this conventional position. We report a case of a middle-aged man with tennis leg. Ultrasound examination had normal findings during the first two attempts. During the third attempt, with the patient's calf muscles examined in an unconventional knee flexed position, sonographic findings resembling tennis leg were detected. A 60-year-old man in good health visited our rehabilitation clinic complaining of left calf muscle pain. On suspicion of a ruptured left medial head gastrocnemius muscle, a soft tissue ultrasound examination was performed. An ultrasound examination revealed symmetrical findings of bilateral calf muscles without evidence of muscle rupture. A roentgenogram of the left lower limb did not reveal any bony lesions. An ultrasound examination one week later also revealed negative sonographic findings. However, he still complained of persistent pain in his left calf area. A different ultrasound examination approach was then performed with the patient lying in the supine position with his knee flexed at 90 degrees. The transducer was then placed pointing upwards to examine the muscles and well-defined anechoic fluid collections with areas of hypoechoic surroundings were observed. For patients suffering from calf muscle area pain and suspicion of tennis leg, a soft tissue ultrasound is a simple tool to confirm the diagnosis. However, in the case of negative sonographic findings, we recommend trying a different positional approach to examine the calf muscles by ultrasound before the diagnosis of tennis leg can be ruled out.

A Whale of a Panorama

Science.gov (United States)

2005-01-01

[figure removed for brevity, see original site] Click on the image for A Whale of a Panorama (QTVR) More than 1.5 years into their exploration of Mars, both of NASA's Mars Exploration Rovers continue to send a cornucopia of images to Earth. The results are so spectacular that Deputy Project Manager John Callas recently described them as 'an embarrassment of riches.' Spirit produced this image mosaic, nicknamed the 'Whale Panorama,' two-thirds of the way to the summit of 'Husband Hill,' where the rover investigated martian rocks. On the right side of the panorama is a tilted layer of rocks dubbed 'Larry's Outcrop,' one of several tilted outcrops that scientists examined in April, 2005. They used spatial information to create geologic maps showing the compass orientation and degree of tilting of rock formations in the vicinity. Such information is key to geologic fieldwork because it helps establish if rock layers have been warped since they formed. In this case, scientists have also been studying the mineral and chemical differences, which show that some rocks have been more highly altered than others. In the foreground, in the middle of the image mosaic, Spirit is shown with the scientific instruments at the end of its robotic arm positioned on a rock target known as 'Ahab.' The rover was busy collecting elemental chemistry and mineralogy data on the rock at the same time that it was taking 50 individual snapshots with its five panoramic camera filters to create this stunning view of the martian scenery. The twin tracks of the rover's all-terrain wheels are clearly visible on the left. This mosaic of images spans about 220 degrees from left to right and is an approximate true-color rendering of the Mars terrain acquired through the panoramic camera's 750-, 530-, and 430-nanometer filters. Spirit collected these images from its 497th martian day, or sol, through its 500th sol (May 27 through May 30, 2005).

Starting a business through a franchise

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dubravka Mahaček

2013-12-01

Full Text Available A business can be launched by establishing a new entity, purchasing an existing entity or through a franc - hise. There are certain prerequisites for starting a business, the most important ones being a quality idea and start-up capital. Potential start-up difficulties are inadequate financing, existing competition as well as the process of building your own market position. By purchasing an existing business some risks may be avoided and the opportunity for gaining profit may arise. Profitable operation is possible only if this business has up-to-date products and no outstanding liabilities. This paper discusses franchising business opportunities and the requisite investments and costs, which will bring success if they are accompanied by franchisee’s efforts. The paper aims to present the main characteristics of a franchise business, the necessary investment and the costs which arise in the process, as well as advantages, disadvantages and experiences with this kind of business

APOYO PÚBLICO A LA ENERGÍA EÓLICA EN ESPAÑA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Masao Javier López Sako

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo pretende describir y valorar brevemente el régimen jurídico-económico de la energía eólica en España. Nos referimos en concreto al sistema de apoyo público a la producción de electricidad a partir de las energías renovables mediante el sistema denominado "de primas". El fijarnos en la energía eólica en particular se justifica por la sencilla razón de que España ocupa el tercer puesto a nivel mundial en potencia eólica instalada, después de Alemania y EE. UU, hecho que va unido a la circunstancia de la importancia a todos los niveles que ha cobrado este sector en España. Por otra parte, conviene recordar que el uso de energía (su producción y consumo es el principal factor de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y las energías renovables suponen una pieza clave en la lucha contra el cambio climático. Y también que España se encuentra entre los países más alejados del cumplimiento del Protocolo de Kyoto. Desde esta perspectiva, el protagonismo de la energía eólica es también patente: en nuestro país, dentro de las energías renovables, la energía eólica en particular es la que más está aportando al mix de generación eléctrica, convirtiéndose en la contribución más segura a dicha lucha ambiental de carácter global. En este sentido, la proporción de energía eléctrica aportada por la eólica se encuentra -con más del 11% en 2008- en la segunda posición mundial; aquí España solo es superada por Dinamarca. Es importante, por tanto, mantener una buena política de fomento de esta tecnología renovable.

De la Biología a la Sociobiología. De la Biología a la clonación. Claros y sombras

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

González Cortés, María Teresa

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Not available.El presente ensayo tiene como meta rescatar, por medio de cuatro secciones, algunos de los problemas teóricos y prácticos que se dan en el campo de la Biología. En una primera parte y a modo de introducción, analizamos la vigencia científica del espíritu de Darwin a través de los trabajos de etología que han sido llevados a cabo durante este siglo. A continuación, hacemos una incursión histórica, creemos que a todas luces necesaria, con el fin de examinar los errores y los logros pre y postdarvinistas obtenidos en la Biología y de este modo, en un tercer apartado, situar la aparición de la Sociobiología y entender sus implicaciones epistemológicas. En el ínterin ha sido necesario hablar de cuestiones tales como género, sexualidad, procreación... Finalmente, en el último apartado, el dedicado a la clonación, intentamos desbrozar los riesgos que proceden abusivamente de cierto hacer científico.

Teaching a Course around a Textbook.

Science.gov (United States)

Healey, Mick; Ilbery, Brian

1993-01-01

Outlines the advantages and disadvantages of using a single textbook in a college-level economic geography course. Argues that, if a course text is used thoughtfully, the advantages can outweigh the disadvantages. Asserts that students must take greater responsibility for their own learning and develop independent inquiry skills. (CFR)

Hadron production in A A collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stroebele, Herbert

1996-01-01

This contribution covers hadron production in collisions between nuclei in the laboratory energy range from a few hundred MeV/nucleon, where pion production starts to play a non negligible role, to a few hundred GeV/nucleon, still below the region where jets come into play. Only hadron production by the strong interaction process is considered. The main emphasis will be on π- and K-mesons. Hyperons and antibaryons will be mentioned at the highest energy only. In this presentation only a small part of the huge field of hadronic particle production in a wide beam energy interval can be dealt with. The author's choice of experimental data should be considered to represent his field of interest and activity. (author)

VacA, CagA, IceA and OipA Genotype Status of Helicobacter pylori ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

particularly can ease loneliness, reduce allergies, anxiety, depression, stress, and a variety of human diseases, and .... isolated from food stuff was also statistically analyzed. ..... Helicobacter pylori strains from the high-altitude desert of Ladakh ...

A space vehicle rotating with a uniform angu- lar velocity about a ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

IAS Admin

A space vehicle rotating with a uniform angu- lar velocity about a vertical axis fixed to it is falling freely vertically downwards, say, with its engine shut off. It carries two astronauts inside it. One astronaut throws a tiny tool towards the other astronaut. The motion of the tiny tool with reference to a rotating frame rigidly fixed.

A tribute to James A. Holcombe

Science.gov (United States)

Sturgeon, Ralph

2015-03-01

My first interaction with Jim Holcombe was by letter in late 1977 (well before our instant e-mail communications age we all enjoy and/or curse). Jim was enquiring via some subtle questions about a paper I had recently published in Analytical Chemistry on the mechanisms of atomization in the graphite furnace. This brief correspondence initiated a 35 year period of technical interaction and friendship which literally carried us throughout the world to many conferences and more than a few shared hotel rooms in the days when one would make sacrifices to reduce travel costs to enable conference attendance. At the SciX 2013 (FACSS) meeting in Milwaukee WI, a special symposium was organized by John Molloy in honor of Jim's achievements. This was the closest "public" venue to correspond with Jim's announced 2013 spring retirement and his "exit" from a working career at the Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin. It was a distinct honor for me to have Nicolo Omenetto ask if I would help coordinate this special issue of Spectrochim. Acta, Part B in honor of Jim's career/achievements. This gives me the opportunity to publicly comment on my personal association with this "Texas" gentleman from Colorado, a genuine "out of the box" thinker, a productive, highly acknowledged but humble character that I am grateful to have known, and with whom I have traveled the world and enjoyed so many good times.

A novel hunting accident. Discharge of a firearm by a hunting dog.

Science.gov (United States)

Baker, A M; Keller, G; Garcia, D

2001-09-01

The authors report the case of a 21-year-old man who was killed while duck hunting when a shotgun accidentally discharged, shooting him in the head. The loaded weapon, which had been lying on the ground with the safety off and the muzzle pointed toward a river a few feet away, discharged when a hunting dog stepped on the trigger. Scene investigation confirmed that the victim had been standing in the river, planting decoys, with his head approximately level with the adjacent bank. Autopsy examination and ballistic testing confirmed a range of fire consistent with the witness' statements. Examination of the weapon in question documented a light trigger pull but no mechanical defects. The authors review the epidemiology and causality of hunting accidents and discuss the various safety rules that were violated in this highly unusual case. The importance of a complete death investigation, including autopsy, when dealing with a firearm death is emphasized.

Finding a source inside a sphere

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tsitsas, N L; Martin, P A

2012-01-01

A sphere excited by an interior point source or a point dipole gives a simplified yet realistic model for studying a variety of applications in medical imaging. We suppose that there is an exterior field (transmission problem) and that the total field on the sphere is known. We give analytical inversion algorithms for determining the interior physical characteristics of the sphere as well as the location, strength and orientation of the source/dipole. We start with static problems (Laplace’s equation) and then proceed to acoustic problems (Helmholtz equation). (paper)

ViA: a perceptual visualization assistant

Science.gov (United States)

Healey, Chris G.; St. Amant, Robert; Elhaddad, Mahmoud S.

2000-05-01

This paper describes an automated visualized assistant called ViA. ViA is designed to help users construct perceptually optical visualizations to represent, explore, and analyze large, complex, multidimensional datasets. We have approached this problem by studying what is known about the control of human visual attention. By harnessing the low-level human visual system, we can support our dual goals of rapid and accurate visualization. Perceptual guidelines that we have built using psychophysical experiments form the basis for ViA. ViA uses modified mixed-initiative planning algorithms from artificial intelligence to search of perceptually optical data attribute to visual feature mappings. Our perceptual guidelines are integrated into evaluation engines that provide evaluation weights for a given data-feature mapping, and hints on how that mapping might be improved. ViA begins by asking users a set of simple questions about their dataset and the analysis tasks they want to perform. Answers to these questions are used in combination with the evaluation engines to identify and intelligently pursue promising data-feature mappings. The result is an automatically-generated set of mappings that are perceptually salient, but that also respect the context of the dataset and users' preferences about how they want to visualize their data.

A casa da cabeça de cavalo: a morte como lucidez

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Theresa Abelha Alves

2003-03-01

Full Text Available Oromance de Teolinda Gersão, A casa da cabeça de cavalo, mesclando variados modelos narrativos, tais como o romance de folhetim, a narrativa fantástica e a metaficção historiográfica, propõe uma nova perspectiva para os fatos e os conceitos consagrados pela lógica e adota, como estratégia desconstrutora, o lúdico e o humorístico, ao discursar sobre a morte e sobre a História. 

Electrochemical Synthesis, Structure Elucidation and Antibacterial Evaluation of 9a-aza-9a-chloro-9a-homoerythromycin A

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zoran Mandic

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Electrochemical synthesis, structure elucidation and antibacterial evaluation of 9a-aza-9a-chloro-9a-homoerythromycin A were carried out. It was found that the anodic oxidation of 9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A via electrogenerated reactive chlorine species leads to the chlorination of lactam nitrogen in high yield provided the pH of the reaction mixture is maintained above 3. NOESY spectra reveal the existence of the mixture of two conformational families in the solution, the "folding-out" conformer being slightly more abundant comparing to 9a-Aza-9a-homoerythromycin A. The chlorine substitution of lactam hydrogen resulted in improved antimicrobial potency against Sreptococcus pyogenes PSCB0542, Moraxella catarrhalis ATCC 25238, Haemophilus  influenzae ATCC 49247 and Enteroccocus faecalis ATCC 29212.

Knitting: A Craft Makes a Comeback

Science.gov (United States)

McIntosh, Phyllis

2011-01-01

Hand knitting is one of the most popular hobbies in the United States. Once considered the province of grannies and expectant mothers stitching layettes, knitting is enjoying a 21st century resurgence, especially among young people. Knitting, it turns out, is a trendy, often eco-friendly pastime with a wide range of appeals. And, thanks to the…

Enigineering in a Mountain Resort Town: A Record of a Study

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Waters, Eric W

2007-01-01

.... This provides a useful tool to begin a second career after retirement from the Air Force. The second objective was to build lesson plans based on the experience at PLC for the Air Force Academy cadets...

A Study on a Control Method with a Ventilation Requirement of a VAV System in Multi-Zone

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hyo-Jun Kim

2017-11-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to propose a control method with a ventilation requirement of variable air volume (VAV system in multi-zone. In order to control the VAV system inmulti-zone, it is essential to control the terminal unit installed in each zone. A VAV terminal unit with conventional control method using a fixed minimum air flow can cause indoor air quality (IAQ issues depending on the variation in the number of occupants. This research proposes a control method with a ventilation requirement of the VAV terminal unit and AHU inmulti-zone. The integrated control method with an air flow increase model in the VAV terminal unit, AHU, and outdoor air intake rate increase model in the AHU was based on the indoor CO2 concentration. The conventional and proposed control algorithms were compared through a TRNSYS simulation program. The proposed VAV terminal unit control method satisfies all the conditions of indoor temperature, IAQ, and stratification. An energy comparison with the conventional control method showed that the method satisfies not only the indoor thermal comfort, IAQ, and stratification issue, but also reduces the energy consumption.

When a body meets a body

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pelowski, Matthew John; Liu, Tao; Palacios, Victor

2014-01-01

We consider the phenomenon of social interactions within the art museum, arguing that even the bare possibility of meeting others or intruding into their gaze can have a profoundly detrimental effect on art experience. This is done by tracing a finding from our previous studies in which we...... considered three museum galleries—each with the same artist’s paintings and basic layout; the only major difference being design elements within one space encouraging social interaction and in turn causing repressed enjoyment, negative emotional experience and negative art evaluation. We use this example...... as a frame for introducing a model of the psychological impact of social interaction on the behavioral and cognitive experience of art, considering its implications for education—which often focuses on the social—as well as implications for personal or introspective art engagement. We also consider a number...

A Lupo em Araraquara: Revivendo a Memória, Retecendo a História (1921 a 1980

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Angela Cristina Ribeiro Caires

2015-06-01

Full Text Available This text is a simple tribute to the workers and especially to the female workers of Lupo factory,current LUPO S/A. It is an attempt to rescue the history of the company, through the memory of the social group who worked and lived at a crucial time for the company: the period extending from 1921 when the company was founded by Henrique Lupo until the late 1980’s when major technological changes have started to occur. As a woman and a former employee of the company, I also draw my memories and combine them with memories of other warrior women to recompose a story that actually are stories. Stories of work, of struggles for survival, of concrete experiences which give meaning to existence. Dreamed stories which often came true, that insist on returning to memory, to revive the past. And these workers, while remember, once again work.

A Reference Architecture for a Cloud-Based Tools as a Service Workspace

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Chauhan, Aufeef; Babar, Muhammad Ali; Sheng, Quan Z.

2015-01-01

Software Architecture (SA) plays a critical role in developing and evolving cloud-based applications. We present a Reference Architecture (RA) for designing Cloud-based Tools as a service work SPACE (TSPACE) - a platform for provisioning chain of tools following the Software as a Service (SaaS...... evaluate the RA in terms of completeness and feasibility. Our proposed RA can provide valuable guidance and insights for designing and implementing concrete software architectures of TSPACE....

A Method of Upgrading a Hydrostatic Model to a Nonhydrostatic Model

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chi-Sann Liou

2009-01-01

Full Text Available As the sigma-p coordinate under hydrostatic approximation can be interpreted as the mass coordinate with out the hydro static approximation, we propose a method that up grades a hydro static model to a nonhydrostatic model with relatively less effort. The method adds to the primitive equations the extra terms omitted by the hydro static approximation and two prognostic equations for vertical speed w and nonhydrostatic part pres sure p'. With properly formulated governing equations, at each time step, the dynamic part of the model is first integrated as that for the original hydro static model and then nonhydrostatic contributions are added as corrections to the hydro static solutions. In applying physical parameterizations after the dynamic part integration, all physics pack ages of the original hydro static model can be directly used in the nonhydrostatic model, since the up graded nonhydrostatic model shares the same vertical coordinates with the original hydro static model. In this way, the majority codes of the nonhydrostatic model come from the original hydro static model. The extra codes are only needed for the calculation additional to the primitive equations. In order to handle sound waves, we use smaller time steps in the nonhydrostatic part dynamic time integration with a split-explicit scheme for horizontal momentum and temperature and a semi-implicit scheme for w and p'. Simulations of 2-dimensional mountain waves and density flows associated with a cold bubble have been used to test the method. The idealized case tests demonstrate that the pro posed method realistically simulates the nonhydrostatic effects on different atmospheric circulations that are revealed in the oretical solutions and simulations from other nonhydrostatic models. This method can be used in upgrading any global or mesoscale models from a hydrostatic to nonhydrostatic model.

Psychoanalysis as a lifeline: a clinical study of a transference perversion.

Science.gov (United States)

Baker, R

1994-08-01

Case material from the analysis of a fetishistic cross-dresser is reported. The evolution of a transference perversion and treatment impasse, in the form of the recalcitrant symptom of anal flatulence, is described. The patient's contrasting needs to cling perversely and addictively to the analyst, on the one hand, and to provoke an acting out of the countertransference, on the other, are placed in the context of his dread of rejection and potentially suicidal reaction. The author argues in favour of offering psychoanalysis as a lifeline, but with the condition that the psychoanalytic setting and boundaries are maintained and that gratifications are denied. Limited but precise interpretive psychoanalytic work in the transference was maintained. The relatively good outcome is explained in terms of the provision of safety, survival of the analyst and avoidance of countertransference acting out, which, in the author's view, represents an implicit and mutative transference interpretation, the specific factor in bringing about psychic change. This enabled the patient to recognise and accept the analyst as a 'new' object and, as a consequence, to question and reject his idealisation of the anal universe that he inhabited.

Lejaren A. Hiller, Jr.: A Memorial Tribute to a Chemist-Composer

Science.gov (United States)

Wamser, Christian A.; Wamser, Carl C.

1996-07-01

Lejaren Hiller (1924-1994) was trained in chemistry but maintained a lifelong love of music. Like Alexander Borodin, the Russian chemist-composer, but eventually dedicated his career solely to music. His early work on the chemistry of polymers with Fred Wall at the University of Illinois introduced him to the Illiac computer, with which he did Monte Carlo calculations of polymer conformations. He promptly collaborated with Leonard Isaacson, a graduate student also associated with the Wall group, to teach the Illiac to compose music. Using a modified Monte Carlo technique to select the notes and other aspects of the music, they applied increasingly complex rules to define what constituted acceptable music. The result was their String Quartet #4, produced in 1957, often called the Illiac Suite. It is generally acknowledged as the first piece of music composed by a computer. Hiller remained a pioneer in the field of copmuter composition during his distinguished career at the University of Illinois and the State University of New York at Buffalo. This paper traces Hiller's careers in chemistry and music and examines the connections between the two.

Balloon-Assisted Chemoembolization Using a Micro-Balloon Catheter Alongside a Microcatheter for a Hepatocellular Carcinoma with a Prominent Arterioportal Shunt: A Case Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hoshiai, Sodai, E-mail: hoshiai@sb4.so-net.ne.jp; Mori, Kensaku; Ishiguro, Toshitaka; Konishi, Takahiro; Uchikawa, Yoko [University of Tsukuba Hospital, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (Japan); Fukuda, Kuniaki [University of Tsukuba Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology (Japan); Minami, Manabu [University of Tsukuba Hospital, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (Japan)

2017-04-15

Although transcatheter arterial chemoembolization is one of the established treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it is difficult to treat HCCs with prominent arterioportal (AP) shunts because anticancer drugs and embolic materials migrate into the non-tumorous liver through the AP shunts and may cause liver infarction. We developed a novel method of balloon-assisted chemoembolization using a micro-balloon catheter alongside a microcatheter simultaneously inserted through a single 4.5-Fr guiding sheath, comprising proximal chemoembolization with distal arterial balloon occlusion. We applied this method to treat an HCC with a prominent distal AP shunt induced by previous proton beam therapy and achieved successful chemoembolization without non-tumorous liver infarction under temporal balloon occlusion of a distal AP shunt.

A Dog Is a Doctor’s Best Friend: The Use of a Service Dog as a Perioperative Assistant

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shannon Tew

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Service dogs are beneficial in providing assistance to people with multiple types of disabilities and medical disorders including visual impairment, physical disabilities, seizure disorders, diabetes, and mental illness. Some service animals have been trained as a screening tool for cancer. We review a case involving a 6-year-old female with a history of mast cell mediator release and immediate hypersensitivity due to the urticaria pigmentosa variant of cutaneous mastocytosis who underwent a cystourethroscopy. Her service dog, JJ, who would alert to mast cell mediator release, was used throughout the perioperative course as a means of anxiolysis and comfort and to monitor for mast cell mediator release. This case presents an example of a service dog used in a family-care model in the field of anesthesiology and provides a unique example of using a service dog as an additional monitor to alert the care team for impending mast cell mediator release.

A view to a (staged) kill?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gamborg, Christian; Jensen, Frank Søndergaard; Sandøe, Peter

2015-01-01

Is it acceptable, in principle, to shoot wild animals as a sport? The ethical controversy around recreational hunting is not only of academic interest but plays an important role in public and political discussions concerning the legitimacy of hunting. For the hunter, hunting is typically imbued...... with a perception of deeper meaning. For ardent non-hunters it may be hard to understand the meaning of enjoying nature by shooting at other living beings. This lack of mutual understanding makes it difficult to create a dialogue. However, the issue is not just about whether or not to accept hunting but also......-based questionnaires) of different Danish stakeholders. Results show that a majority of the general public is primarily against the practice; a majority of hunters are pro, and landowners somewhere in between. Reasons may be found in relation to views on wildlife, naturalness and what constitutes ‘proper’ hunting...

Meeting a Patient as a Singular Event: A Philosophical Reflection

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ERIKA BIDDLE

2010-01-01

Full Text Available For researchers working within a critique of capitalism and its relation to knowledge production, it is problematic to use traditional research methodologies endemic to the very system being critiqued unless they are somehow altered. This article investigates the potential of schizoanalysis to provide conceptual tools for such an approach. Developed through the collaborative work of Deleuze and Guattari, schizoanalysis operates from the organic principle that knowledge is an indivisible part of the way we live in the world. However, schizoanalysis is not a research methodology; it inserts itself into research methodologies, warps them, and reproduces itself through them.

Biodegradation of a Nigerian Crude Oil by a Micro Alga and a ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This study investigated the ability of pure and co-cultures of the eukaryotic green microalga Chlorella and the Cyanobacterium, Chroococcus sp. (Anacystis) obtained from a freshwater system in the Niger Delta, to degrade a Nigerian crude (Bonny Light) in a batch system for a 28-day period. Biodegradation experiments ...

Marketing Plan for a New Product : A Study for a Case Company

OpenAIRE

Saari, Tomi

2015-01-01

This Bachelor’s thesis was conducted as a commission for a case company operating in the electrotechnical manufacturing and wholesale industry. The purpose of this thesis is to provide the case company some new marketing insights in order to penetrate a market with a new product faster. The theoretical framework aims at analyzing the case company’s macro environment through a PESTEL analysis, as well as the internal and external factors for success with the company SWOT analysis. The prod...

Arqueología y Filosofía: La Teoría Critica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vicent García, Juan Manuel

1991-12-01

Full Text Available It is proposed sorne reflections on a Critical Theory of Archaeology in face of the precedent justifying-normative theories. The object of this critical theory is the consideration cognoscitive aspects of the discipline in a same unit of analysis together with ethical-political questions produced by its praxis in the context of contemporary societies

Se proponen algunas reflexiones en torno a una Teoría Critica de la Arqueología, por oposición a las precedentes teorías normativo-justificativas. El objeto de esta teoría critica es la consideración de los aspectos cognoscitivos de la disciplina en una misma unidad de análisis con las cuestiones ético-políticas suscitadas por su práxis en el contexto de las sociedades contemporáneas.

A case report of a de Garengeot hernia in a nonagenarian veteran

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis R. Taveras

Full Text Available Introduction: A hernia containing the vermiform appendix [de Garengeot hernia (DGH] is an exceedingly rare event. Appendicitis occurring in this setting if further unusual. Most cases of DGH are made during inguinal exploration. In the present report, we discuss a patient who underwent an operation which revealed a DGH with appendicitis. Presentation of a case: A 94-year-old man with a past medical history significant for hypertension and Parkinson’s disease was admitted to the hospital for the management of an event of CHF exacerbation. He developed acute onset of a painful right inguinal bulge. He had no prior hernia history. On physical exam, he had a 3-cm, tender, non-reducible right inguinal bulge without skin changes. Laboratory analyses were normal without leukocytosis. An acute abdominal series was obtained and demonstrated no obstruction. A groin exploration was performed under local anesthetic. An abscess was found associated with a femoral hernia containing the vermiform appendix. An appendectomy was performed through the hernia sac. The hernia was repaired via a McVay technique. At thirty days after his procedure, he had no complications and no signs of recurrence. Conclusion: Most cases of DGH are diagnosed intraoperatively. Limited work up might be sufficient for adequate management. Several surgical strategies are acceptable. Groin exploration, plus and minus an appendectomy, and tissue repair versus mesh placement are acceptable surgical strategies. Laparoscopic approach for the management of DGH has been reported. Keywords: Femoral hernia, Groin hernia, Appendicitis, Case report

SUPERCOLLIDER: A GEM of a detector

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1993-01-01

Now being prepared as a major experimental facility for the 87- kilometre Superconducting Supercollider (SSC) being built in Ellis County, Texas, is the GEM detector project. GEM thus becomes the companion to the Solenoidal Detector Collaboration (SDC), the first major SSC detector to emerge (March 1992, page 13). This is in keeping with the SSC Laboratory's aim of two major detectors with overlapping and complementary strengths. GEM is designed to observe all SSC signatures, with emphasis on precise measurement of electrons, photons and muons. Hence the name GEM - ''Gammas, Electrons and Muons.'' Design goals are clean signatures for leptons, jets, and missing transverse energy, maximum sensitivity to narrow resonances, and low backgrounds. Also important is maintaining significant capability at high luminosity (10 34 cm -2 s -1 ). GEM has some distinctive features. A key concept is the exterior magnet, surrounding all detector elements. Inside the magnet are a muon tracking system, a precision calorimeter, and a compact central tracker. This allows the muon momentum to be measured the air of the radiation shielded area outside the thick calorimeter, giving both high precision and robustness at high luminosity. A large magnet gives a large lever arm (at least 4 m) for precise muon momentum measurement. Placing the magnet outside also minimizes the material between tracker and calorimeters, so that the calorimeters are limited only by their inherent resolutions

Lipoprotein (a) as a risk factor for ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Nave, Alexander H; Lange, Kristin S; Leonards, Christopher O; Siegerink, Bob; Doehner, Wolfram; Landmesser, Ulf; Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth; Endres, Matthias; Ebinger, Martin

2015-10-01

Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] harbors atherogenic potential but its role as a risk factor for ischemic stroke remains controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to determine the relative strength of the association between Lp(a) and ischemic stroke and identify potential subgroup-specific risk differences. A systematic search using the MeSH terms "lipoproteins" OR "lipoprotein a" AND "stroke" was performed in PubMed and ScienceDirect for case-control studies from June 2006 and prospective cohort studies from April 2009 until December 20th 2014. Data from eligible papers published before these dates were reviewed and extracted from previous meta-analyses. Studies that assessed the relationship between Lp(a) levels and ischemic stroke and reported generic data-i.e. odds ratio [OR], hazard ratio, or risk ratio [RR]-were eligible for inclusion. Studies that not distinguish between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and transient ischemic attack were excluded. Random effects meta-analyses with mixed-effects meta-regression were performed by pooling adjusted OR or RR. A total of 20 articles comprising 90,904 subjects and 5029 stroke events were eligible for the meta-analysis. Comparing high with low Lp(a) levels, the pooled estimated OR was 1.41 (95% CI, 1.26-1.57) for case-control studies (n = 11) and the pooled estimated RR was 1.29 (95% CI, 1.06-1.58) for prospective studies (n = 9). Sex-specific differences in RR were inconsistent between case-control and prospective studies. Study populations with a mean age of ≤55 years had an increased RR compared to older study populations. Reported Lp(a) contrast levels and ischemic stroke subtype significantly contributed to the heterogeneity observed in the analyses. Elevated Lp(a) is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke and may be especially relevant for young stroke patients. Sex-specific risk differences remain conflicting. Further studies in these subgroups may be warranted. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All

A numerical simulation of a contrail

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Levkov, L.; Boin, M.; Meinert, D. [GKSS-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH, Geesthacht (Germany)

1997-12-31

The formation of a contrail from an aircraft flying near the tropopause is simulated using a three-dimensional mesoscale atmospheric model including a very complex scheme of parameterized cloud microphysical processes. The model predicted ice concentrations are in very good agreement with data measured during the International Cirrus Experiment (ICE), 1989. Sensitivity simulations were run to determine humidity forcing on the life time of contrails. (author) 4 refs.

A numerical simulation of a contrail

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Levkov, L; Boin, M; Meinert, D [GKSS-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH, Geesthacht (Germany)

1998-12-31

The formation of a contrail from an aircraft flying near the tropopause is simulated using a three-dimensional mesoscale atmospheric model including a very complex scheme of parameterized cloud microphysical processes. The model predicted ice concentrations are in very good agreement with data measured during the International Cirrus Experiment (ICE), 1989. Sensitivity simulations were run to determine humidity forcing on the life time of contrails. (author) 4 refs.

Locating a circle on a sphere

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brimberg, Jack; Juel, Henrik; Schöbel, Anita

2003-01-01

We consider the problem of locating a spherical circle with respect to existing facilities on a sphere, such that the sum of weighted distances between the circle and the facilities is minimized, or such that the maximum weighted distance is minimized. The problem properties are analyzed, and we...... give solution procedures. When the circle to be located is restricted to be a great circle, some simplifications are possible....

A ceramic breeder in a poloidal tube blanket for a tokamak reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amici, A.; Anzidei, L.; Gallina, M.; Rado, V.; Simbolotti, G.; Violante, V.; Zampaglione, V.; Petrizzi, L.

1989-01-01

A conceptual study of a helium-cooled solid breeder blanket for a tokamak reactor is presented. Tritium breeding capability together with system reliability are taken as the main design criteria. The blanket consists of tubular poloidal modules made of a central bundle of ceramic rods (γLiAlO 2 ) with a coaxial distribution of the inlet/outlet coolant flow (He) surrounded by a multiplier material (Be) in the form of bored bricks. The Be to γLiAlO 2 volume ratio is 4/1. The He inlet and outlet branches are cooling Be and γLiAlO 2 , respectively. A purge He flow running through small central holes of the ceramic rods is derived from the main flow. Under the typical conditions of a tokamak reactor (neutron wall load=2 MW/m 2 ), a full coverage tritium breeding ratio of 1.47 is achieved for the following design and operating parameters: outlet He temperature=570 0 C; inlet He temperature=250 0 ; total extracted power=2700 MW; He pumping power percentage=2%; minimum/maximum γLiAlO 2 temperature=400/900 0 C; maximum structural temperature=475 0 C; and maximum Be temperature=525 0 C. (orig.)

A certified private practice - a report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boehm, J.

2005-01-01

Based on the requirements for internal quality assurance in our private practice a model for quality management was implemented. Using such a quality management system (QM-system) resulted in a systematic optimization and higher quality of operating procedures in all work areas. The realization of the new QM-system led to a higher transparency, improved economical efficiency, and an increase in personal motivation. Internal frictional losses could be effectively reduced saving time and money. The efforts in time, costs and personal resources during implementation of the QM-system, which had been considered as downsides in the beginning, are outweighed by the benefits by far according to our experience. In summary: ''We consider it worthwhile in all respects''. (orig.)

Review Essay: A Nation, a World, in a Bowl of Tea

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dana Buntrock

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Fujimori Terunobu. 藤森照信. Fujimori Terunobu no Chashitsugaku: Nihon no Kyokushō Kūkan no Nazo [Fujimori Terunobu’s tearoom studies: The riddle of Japan’s smallest space]. 藤森照信の茶室学。日本の極小空間の謎. Tokyo: Rikuyosha, 2012. 296 pp. ¥3,000 (cloth.Surak, Kristin. Making Tea, Making Japan: Cultural Nationalism in Practice. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2012. 272 pp. $85 (cloth, $25 (paper/ebook.The tea in Surak’s bowl is bright green matcha whipped with a whisk; Fujimori’s is steeped sencha heated over a tiny bed of coals. Fujimori’s funky tea seems to be the antithesis of the refined practices Surak strives to embody. Only occasionally does a communicant in Fujimori’s tea space wear a kimono, and there is no reason to worry about treading on the silk borders of a tatami, because his floors are usually finished in other, more modest, materials. Fujimori’s tea is one that can accept outside influences; Surak’s sits complacently at the center of an industry built on centuries of history. Surak shares the conventions of tea; Fujimori celebrates its unconventional fringes.

A Rare Complete Metacarpal Pseudoepiphysis in a Teenager With a Scaphoid Fracture.

Science.gov (United States)

Geffen, Rachel B; Colberg, Ricardo E

2017-11-01

A 13-yr-old adolescent boy presented with wrist pain after falling off a scooter onto his outstretched hand. Radiographs revealed a nondisplaced hairline fracture of the scaphoid bone and an irregular radiolucent line in the proximal metaphysis of the second metacarpal bone, consistent with an anomalous growth plate, or complete pseudoepiphysis. Complete pseudoepiphysis is a rare finding, with only a few cases reported. Learning about the common locations of growth plates and the radiographic differences between normal, injured, and anomalous growth plates can help decrease physician error and improve patient outcomes.

A method of installing a reactor container

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hayashi, Kenji; Murakawa, Hisao.

1975-01-01

Object: To achieve exact installation of a reactor container at a site. Structure: A pole is set upright at the center of a cylindrical base portion, a plurality of beams are disposed around the pole in a radial fashion to form a cone, a plurality of steel plates are mounted successively around the cone through a ring, and the steel plates are welded to each other to assemble and install a reactor container at the same time. (Kamimura, M.)

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase-a as a novel target for cancer therapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Chun; Rajput, Sandeep; Watabe, Kounosuke; Liao, Duan-Fang; Cao, Deliang

2010-01-01

Acetyl-CoA carboxylases (ACC) are rate-limiting enzymes in de novo fatty acid synthesis, catalyzing ATP-dependent carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA. Malonyl-CoA is a critical bi-functional molecule, i.e., a substrate of fatty acid synthase (FAS) for acyl chain elongation (fatty acid synthesis) and an inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-I) for fatty acid beta-oxidation. Two ACC isoforms have been identified in mammals, i.e. ACC-alpha (ACCA, also termed ACC1) and ACC-beta (ACCB, also designated ACC2). ACC has long been used as a target for the management of metabolic diseases, such as obesity and metabolic syndrome, and various inhibitors have been developed in clinical trials. Recently, ACCA up-regulation has been recognized in multiple human cancers, promoting lipogenesis to meet the need of cancer cells for rapid growth and proliferation. Therefore, ACCA might be effective as a potent target for cancer intervention, and the inhibitors developed for the treatment of metabolic diseases would be potential therapeutic agents for cancer therapy. This review summarizes our recent findings and updates the current understanding of the ACCA with focus on cancer research.

Poly-1,2-azepine, method of producing a film of such a polymer on a substrate and a substrate provided with such a polymer

NARCIS (Netherlands)

1990-01-01

Gas-phase photopolymerisation of phenylazides results in a new type of polymer, a poly-1,2-azepine. This polymer can be provided on a substrate according to a predetermined pattern by exposing it via a mask. After oxidation an electrically conductive polymer is obtained.

LHS 1610A: A Nearby Mid-M Dwarf with a Companion That Is Likely a Brown Dwarf

Science.gov (United States)

Winters, Jennifer G.; Irwin, Jonathan; Newton, Elisabeth R.; Charbonneau, David; Latham, David W.; Han, Eunkyu; Muirhead, Philip S.; Berlind, Perry; Calkins, Michael L.; Esquerdo, Gil

2018-03-01

We present the spectroscopic orbit of LHS 1610A, a newly discovered single-lined spectroscopic binary with a trigonometric distance placing it at 9.9 ± 0.2 pc. We obtained spectra with the TRES instrument on the 1.5 m Tillinghast Reflector at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory located on Mt. Hopkins in AZ. We demonstrate the use of the TiO molecular bands at 7065–7165 Å to measure radial velocities and achieve an average estimated velocity uncertainty of 28 m s‑1. We measure the orbital period to be 10.6 days and calculate a minimum mass of 44.8 ± 3.2 M Jup for the secondary, indicating that it is likely a brown dwarf. We place an upper limit to 3σ of 2500 K on the effective temperature of the companion from infrared spectroscopic observations using IGRINS on the 4.3 m Discovery Channel Telescope. In addition, we present a new photometric rotation period of 84.3 days for the primary star using data from the MEarth-South Observatory, with which we show that the system does not eclipse.

Use a defibrillator, save a life

CERN Multimedia

Joannah Caborn Wengler

2012-01-01

With the work for Long Shutdown 1 looming on the horizon, the CERN Fire Brigade is anticipating a heavy workload: more people working at CERN means more call-outs. So the more trained first-aiders around to help out before the paramedics arrive, the better. Would you know what to do in a medical emergency?   It could happen at any time: two colleagues are having a coffee at work, when one suddenly clutches his or her chest and falls to the floor unconscious. What would you do? Run to find a first-aider? Call the ambulance and wait, finishing your coffee? Neither response is entirely correct. On Monday 11 June in Building 40 the CMS safety group, in collaboration with the Fire Brigade and the Medical Service, demonstrated the recommended, potentially life-saving response to cardiac arrest (see the video), including the correct use of a defibrillator, ten of which were recently installed in key CERN locations (the Bulletin reported).     “In countries where...

Santa María de A Franqueira: de monasterio a santuario mariano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cendón Fernández, Marta

2014-12-01

Full Text Available This research studies a Benedictine monastery, Santa María de A Franqueira, probably with roots in the High Middle Ages that was converted into a very important Marian shrine. This monastery was rebuilt in 1293, under the episcopate of Juan Fernández de Sotomayor I and it was affiliated to the Cistercian order, during the episcopate of Juan Fernández de Sotomayor II and not, as previously thought, in the latter part of 13th century. The building was finished in 1342, and this date appears in an inscription under the tympanum. Gonzalo was the abbot who began and finished the construction; as developer of the building works, he put his own portrait in an image of the Epiphany. The frequent repetition of Sotomayor heraldic emblems shows the support that this monastery received from this lineage, especially important donations at the end of the 14th century. Its afiiliation to the Cistercian order is perhaps due to the relationship that some members of this lineage had with the Cistercian monastery of Melón, when Benedictine monasteries were in complete decadence. It is dated between 1421, when the Bishop of Tui confirmed the new abbot of this still Benedictine monastery, and 1435, when it does not appear as a monastery of this order (bull of Boniface VIII, so it must be Cistercian. Furthermore, the analysis of the 14th century Gothic style, proves its similarity with the works of the Orensanian style, from the Dominican convent of Ribadavia and not with the artwork of the neighbouring monasteries of Oseira or Melón, which are more reticent with imagery. Devotion to the Virgin Mary is repeated throughout the shrine, as is common in all the churches that receive pilgrims looking for eternal salvation.Esta investigación pretende el estudio de un monasterio benedictino, Santa María de A Franqueira, con posibles raíces altomedievales que se convierte en un importante santuario mariano. Dicho monasterio se reconstruye en 1293, bajo el episcopado

Playwriting as a medium for conscientization: a study of an M.A. ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Playwriting as a medium for conscientization: a study of an M.A. thesis play on ... For the purpose of this research effort, an imaginary academic environment ... university disciplinary committees- the Professional Ethics Committee (PEC), as ...

A Solitary Plasmacytoma in a Dog with Progression to a Disseminated Myeloma

OpenAIRE

Lester, S. J.; Mesfin, G. M.

1980-01-01

Solitary plasmacytomas are rare occurrences in dogs, consequently their potential for malignancy is undetermined. A solitary plasmacytoma was removed from the perianal region of a dog. The dog was clinically normal at that time, but was killed one year later as a result of hind limb stiffness and uremia. At the postmortem examination a disseminated myeloma was found, involving the vertebral column, liver, spleen, bone marrow and visceral lymph nodes.

Human antibodies to immunoglobulin A (IgA)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Munster, P.J.J. van; Nadorp, J.H.S.M.; Shuurman, H.J.

1978-01-01

In the sera of 12 out of 27 individuals with IgA deficiency (serum level below 0.02 mg IgA/m) class-specific anti-IgA antibodies were demonstrated by haemagglutination. These sera showed false-positive results in a solid-phase inhibition radioimmunoassay (RIST) (apparent IgA concentration between 0.6 and 13.7 μg IgA/ml) indicating that the RIST is not an appropriate test for the analysis of serum of IgA seficient individuals. A modification of the RIST is proposed (titration RIA) that permits differentiation between low levels of IgA and class-specific anti-IgA antibodies. With this test IgA deficient individuals could be classified as those with low but detectable levels of IgA and those with class-specific anti-IgA antibodies. A computer procedure was developed to calculate both the amount and the avidity (K) of the anti-IgA antibodies and to simulate the assay system. The K value calculated from experimental points proved to be an overestimation of the K value which fitted most adequately in the simulation. The comparison of the results with clinical findings indicated a possible correlation between the amount and the avidity of the anti-IgA antibodies and the appearence of anaphylactic reactions after transfusion of IgA. (Auth.)

Zassenhaus conjecture for A6 A6 A6

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

(ZC1) For a finite group G, every torsion unit in its integral group ring ZG is conjugate to an element of ±G in the units of the rational group algebra QG. ... version of the Luthar–Passi method were shown in [2]. ... Of course, we ..... [2] Bovdi V, Höfert C and Kimmerle W, On the first Zassenhaus conjecture for integral group rings ...

Worldviews: A blessing or a curse?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bert Olivier

2012-10-01

Full Text Available The concept of a worldview resonates with other concepts, such as those of ‘culture’, ‘civilisation’, and ‘way of life’. Arguably, it is a modern phenomenon, the possibility of which was actualised at the dawn of the modern epoch. Nevertheless, in principle, its ‘possibility’ goes back as far as Plato’s Republic. It is Heidegger, however, who is most informative for understanding what a worldview is, as well as why the modern epoch is its time of provenance. Consequently, an analysis of Heidegger’s essay, ‘The time of the world picture’ (or worldview provided the framework within which it was argued that worldviews are both blessings and curses in the current era: blessings, because, as Harries has argued, we have been disabused of the modern idea of one encompassing worldview or ideology, so that one can no longer believe in only a single ’correct’ view of the world; curses, because they bedevil any wellintended attempts at communicating with understanding on issues of common concern. It was the burden of this article to provide a way of addressing this state of affairs with some hope of transcending the causes of alienation and it is again Heidegger who is the source of such a way, through his notion of the ‘fourfold’.

Forest dynamism of a green space: a perspective from T.A. ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Poor physical planning had factually led to the destruction of valuable ecosystems in most academic institutions of developing countries such as Nigeria. This study aimed to detect the land cover change over time of T.A. Afolayan Wildlife Park, located at the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria for a period of ...

Cleopatra – a Queen, a Lover, a Mother: Transformations of the Image

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lidia WIŚNIEWSKA

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Transformations are not only conditioned by facts encompassing narrower or wider panoramas: from concentrating on death and one (political role (the ode of Horace, through recalling Cleopatra’s mature life and love (the drama of Shakespeare, to creating an image embracing the heroine’s whole life with its numerous roles, but as a mother and a daughter in the first place, because even her lovers resemble a father and a child (the fictional biography of Karen Essex. Above all, they appear to be more connected with different attitudes towards universal references lying within human cognitive abilities. Horace’s didactic opposition of contradictory patterns leads to the victory of one of them — and it is a linear pattern, as an equivalent of modern myth, which is accepted by the author himself. In Shakespeare, it takes a form of tragedy resulting from the fragmentary character of each pattern, one of which introduces change (archaic myth and the other constancy (modern myth, and from a painful attempt to combine them. In Essex, the vision of the world in which archaic myth, strongly represented by a child, triumphs is utopian. Irrespective of the differences, all the works realize the essential role played by images developed by heroes, and especially by authors, in human cognition.

Efficiency evaluation of a safety department in a construction company-A case study: A DEA approach

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Solomon Odeyale

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA is a decision making tool based on linear programming for measuring the relative efficiency of a set of comparable units. DEA helps us identify the sources and level of inefficiency for each of the inputs and outputs. This approach has been used to evaluate the efficiency of the safety department in five construction companies. A three-input, safety workforce, safety training, and safety budget, and two-output, Perfect days and Uptime, constant returns-to-scale (CRS model was developed. The model indicated the necessary improvements required in the inefficient unit’s inputs and outputs to make it efficient, by identifying what factor is responsible for the low efficiency of performance, and also what factor should be improved in order to improve the efficiency of the safety department. The result shows that the safety department of firm A, B and D are efficient, but Firm C and Firm E can improve their efficiency by reducing inputs up to 3.34% and 6.05%, respectively. The inputs identified for reduction were; number of safety staffs and safety budget for Firm C and E respectively.

a comparative study of a local plant extract as a possible potential ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

BARTH EKWUEME

www.globaljournalseries.com, Email: info@globaljournalseries.com. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF A LOCAL PLANT EXTRACT AS A. POSSIBLE POTENTIAL MEDICATED AGENT IN THE SOAP. INDUSTRY. INNOCENT O. OBOH AND EMMANUEL O. ALUYOR. (Received 23 July 2010; Revision Accepted 30 August 2010).

COMO ENTENDER A VAIDADE FEMININA UTILIZANDO A AUTOESTIMA E A PERSONALIDADE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cátia Fabíola Parreira de Avelar

2013-07-01

Full Text Available The article seeks to understand the relationship between self-esteem and personality traits in feminine vanity and how these associations may influence propensity to undergo into cosmetic surgery. The subject has been studied using the 3M model (Mowen, 2000. The research is based on a survey of 697 students in a Brazilian Federal university, aged between 18 and 50 years old. Vanity was operationalized by two traits: vanity concern (an exaggerated concern about physical appearance, and vanity view (an excessively positive evaluation of one’s own appearance. The main finding indicate that a greater creativity, extroversion, kindness and need of body resources, is related to greater self-esteem, and also that the greater their self-esteem, the less vanity concern and the greater the vanity view. Women who are materialistic and have a greater need to body resources are more excessively concerned with their appearance. The need of body resources is also positively related to vanity view. The influence of self-esteem in the propensity to plastic surgery was noticed by means of vanity concern.

A woman with a dangling digit.

Science.gov (United States)

Roesch, Alexander; Kinner, Bernd; Schaechinger, Ulrich; Obermann, Ellen C; Landthaler, Michael; Hohenleutner, Ulrich

2007-11-01

Ainhum (dactylolysis spontanea) is a distinct clinical and radiological disorder of dark-skinned people characterized by a progressive development of a constricting band encircling the toe which usually results in spontaneous amputation. Ainhum mainly occurs in African natives, but in times of global migration and tourism, Ainhum is likely to be more often encountered outside Africa. Even though the clinical presentation can mimic more common entities such as arthritis and trauma, the correct diagnosis and treatment is easy if one knows this unusual entity.

Parasitología (Biología)

OpenAIRE

Simón Martín, Fernando; Morchón García, Rodrigo

2008-01-01

1.Conceptos generales en parasitología: Concepto de organismo parásito y de parasitismo. Concepto de parasitología. Origen y evolución de los parásitos. Influencia de la vida parasitaria en los organismos correspondientes. Propagación parasitaria: ciclos biológicos, metamorfosis y reproducción parasitaria. Clases de parásitos y de hospedadores. Especificidad parasitaria. Epidemiología parasitaria. Mecanismos patogénicos de los parásitos. Respuesta del hospedador: inmunidad. Mecanismos de evas...

Cluster dynamics: A classical trajectory study of A + A/sub n/arrow-right-leftA*/sub n/+1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brady, J.W.; Doll, J.D.; Thompson, D.L.

1979-01-01

The dynamics of the collision of an atom A with a small cluster of atoms, A/sub n/, leading to the formation of a quasibound A*/sub n/+1 complex, which subsequently decays, has been studied using classical trajectories. Pairwise Lennard-Jones potentials (with parameters appropriate for argon) were used to describe the identical point masses (Ar). The results illustrate the feasibility of direct calculations of microscopic rates for nucleation processes. The dissociation of collisionally formed A*/sub n/+1 (n=3,4, and 5) occurs by first-order exponential decay. Furthermore the energy dependence of the dissociation rate constants appears to be well described by the RRK functional form

A First Nations-led social innovation: a moose, a gold mining company, and a policy window

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel D. P. McCarthy

2014-12-01

combined with several other factors, including: (1 the high price of gold; (2 a mining company seeking to demonstrate corporate social responsibility to repair its international reputation with indigenous peoples by supporting an innovative, local Indigenous-led initiative; and (3 a new policy context, including Supreme Court of Canada decisions and provisions in the updated Ontario Mining Act, that require meaningful consultation with indigenous peoples has led to the emergence of a indigenous peoples-led collaborative, social innovation. This policy window allowed for the formation of an unprecedented council of indigenous knowledge holders (elders and traditional practitioners to help inform mine restoration and practice as well as to foster the resurgence of traditional language and culture in local indigenous communities. Here, we document this unprecedented social change opportunity.

Secondary metabolite profiling of Alternaria dauci, A. porri, A. solani, and A. tomatophila.

Science.gov (United States)

Andersen, Birgitte; Dongo, Anita; Pryor, Barry M

2008-02-01

Chemotaxonomy (secondary metabolite profiling) has been shown to be of great value in the classification and differentiation in Ascomycota. However, few studies have investigated the use of metabolite production for classification and identification purposes of plant pathogenic Alternaria species. The purpose of the present study was to describe the methodology behind metabolite profiling in chemotaxonomy using A. dauci, A. porri, A. solani, and A. tomatophila strains as examples of the group. The results confirmed that A. dauci, A. solani, and A. tomatophila are three distinct species each with their own specific metabolite profiles, and that A. solani and A. tomatophila both produce altersolanol A, altertoxin I, and macrosporin. By using automated chemical image analysis and other multivariate statistic analyses, three sets of species-specific metabolites could be selected, one each for A. dauci, A. solani, and A. tomatophila.

A golden A5 model of leptons with a minimal NLO correction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cooper, Iain K.; King, Stephen F.; Stuart, Alexander J.

2013-01-01

We propose a new A 5 model of leptons which corrects the LO predictions of Golden Ratio mixing via a minimal NLO Majorana mass correction which completely breaks the original Klein symmetry of the neutrino mass matrix. The minimal nature of the NLO correction leads to a restricted and correlated range of the mixing angles allowing agreement within the one sigma range of recent global fits following the reactor angle measurement by Daya Bay and RENO. The minimal NLO correction also preserves the LO inverse neutrino mass sum rule leading to a neutrino mass spectrum that extends into the quasi-degenerate region allowing the model to be accessible to the current and future neutrinoless double beta decay experiments

Aplicaciones de la teoría del control a la economía

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wolf Kerpel S.

1986-01-01

Full Text Available La teoría del control se ha desarrollado y aplicado ampliamente en muchas áreas de la Ingeniería. En los últimos años se ha venido aplicando también, en campos diferentes a los de la ingeniería como por ejemplo en Ecología, Economía, diversas áreas de Biología, Sicología, etc.; con excelentes resultados. Los éxitos conseguidos derivan entre otros del hecho de que dichos campos encierran procesos claramente identificables como de control, y, evidentemente también, del gran avance logrado en el desarrollo de la teoría del control. En este articulo nos ocuparemos de las aplicaciones de la teoría del control a la Economía, específicamente a los modelos macroeconómicos. El trabajo es básicamente una recopilación de información relacionada con el tema, y pretende despertar el interés por él en nuestro medio. Al final se presenta una bibliografía extensa.

Photophysical properties of hexyl diethylaminohydroxybenzoylbenzoate (Uvinul A Plus), a UV-A absorber.

Science.gov (United States)

Shamoto, Yuta; Yagi, Mikio; Oguchi-Fujiyama, Nozomi; Miyazawa, Kazuyuki; Kikuchi, Azusa

2017-09-13

Hexyl diethylaminohydroxybenzoylbenzoate (DHHB, Uvinul A Plus) is a photostable UV-A absorber. The photophysical properties of DHHB have been studied by obtaining the transient absorption, total emission, phosphorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra. DHHB exhibits an intense phosphorescence in a hydrogen-bonding solvent (e.g., ethanol) at 77 K, whereas it is weakly phosphorescent in a non-hydrogen-bonding solvent (e.g., 3-methylpentane). The triplet-triplet absorption and EPR spectra for the lowest excited triplet state of DHHB were observed in ethanol, while they were not observed in 3-methylpentane. These results are explained by the proposal that in the benzophenone derivatives possessing an intramolecular hydrogen bond, intramolecular proton transfer is an efficient mechanism of the very fast radiationless decay from the excited singlet state. The energy level of the lowest excited triplet state of DHHB is higher than those of the most widely used UV-B absorbers, octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC) and octocrylene (OCR). DHHB may act as a triplet energy donor for OMC and OCR in the mixtures of UV-A and UV-B absorbers. The bimolecular rate constant for the quenching of singlet oxygen by DHHB was determined by measuring the near-IR phosphorescence of singlet oxygen. The photophysical properties of diethylaminohydroxybenzoylbenzoic acid (DHBA) have been studied for comparison. It is a closely related building block to assist in interpreting the observed data.

Tesla - A Flash of a Genius

Science.gov (United States)

Teodorani, M.

2005-10-01

This book, which is entirely dedicated to the inventions of scientist Nikola Tesla, is divided into three parts: a) all the most important innovative technological creations from the alternate current to the death ray, Tesla research in fundamental physics with a particular attention to the concept of "ether", ball lightning physics; b) the life and the bright mind of Nikola Tesla and the reasons why some of his most recent findings were not accepted by the establishment; c) a critical discussion of the most important work by Tesla followers.

A Hybrid Vector Quantization Combining a Tree Structure and a Voronoi Diagram

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yeou-Jiunn Chen

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Multimedia data is a popular communication medium, but requires substantial storage space and network bandwidth. Vector quantization (VQ is suitable for multimedia data applications because of its simple architecture, fast decoding ability, and high compression rate. Full-search VQ can typically be used to determine optimal codewords, but requires considerable computational time and resources. In this study, a hybrid VQ combining a tree structure and a Voronoi diagram is proposed to improve VQ efficiency. To efficiently reduce the search space, a tree structure integrated with principal component analysis is proposed, to rapidly determine an initial codeword in low-dimensional space. To increase accuracy, a Voronoi diagram is applied to precisely enlarge the search space by modeling relations between each codeword. This enables an optimal codeword to be efficiently identified by rippling an optimal neighbor from parts of neighboring Voronoi regions. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed approach improved VQ performance, outperforming other approaches. The proposed approach also satisfies the requirements of handheld device application, namely, the use of limited memory and network bandwidth, when a suitable number of dimensions in principal component analysis is selected.

A SCWR core design with a conceptual fuel assembly using a cruciform moderator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bae, Kang Mok; Joo, Hyung Kook; Lee, Hyun Chul; Noh, Jae Man; Bae, Yoon Yong

2005-01-01

A super critical water cooled reactor (SCWR) system has a potential to compete with the advanced fossil plant by achieving a high thermal efficiency up to 44% and a plant simplification by eliminating steam generators, steam dryers, steam separators, and recirculation pumps. Due to these advantages, a SCWR is considered as one of the most promising nuclear plants for the Generation-IV (Gen-IV) system. As a first step of a feasibility study a rectangular fuel assembly with a cruciform solid moderator was suggested as a conceptual assembly design at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) for the SCWR on a thermal neutron spectrum. In this paper, based on the system parameters proposed by the Gen-IV road map, a preliminary SCWR core design was performed using a conceptual assembly design focused on the power shape control, reactivity coefficients, and cladding temperature limit

A Model of a Tacit Knowledge Transformation for the Service Department in a Manufacturing Company: A Case Study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dudek Adam

2016-01-01

Full Text Available This article elaborates on the development of a dedicated model of a tacit knowledge transformation for the service department in a manufacturing company. The four main components of the tacit knowledge transformation process are formulated: (1 tacit knowledge source identification, (2 tacit knowledge acquisition, (3 tacit knowledge determination and formalization, and (4 knowledge classification. The proposed model is illustrated by examples on the use of the methods: automatic recognition of speech, natural language processing, and automatic object recognition in the tacit knowledge transformation process in order to obtain a formalized procedure for the service department in a manufacturing company. This is followed by a discussion of the results of the research experiments.

Bacteremia and Peritonitis in a Patient With Cirrhosis: A Life-Threatening Case From a Prick of a Cactus

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jodi-Anne Wallace MD

2017-08-01

Full Text Available A 58-year-old male with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis cirrhosis presents with right lower extremity cellulitis, abdominal tenderness, and severe sepsis after sustaining puncture injury from a cactus on a property with feral cats. Blood cultures and diagnostic paracentesis were consistent with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to Pasteurella multocida , a gram-negative coccobacillus found in the respiratory tract of domestic animals. The patient received timely antibiotic coverage with resolution of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and sepsis after 14-day treatment. This case emphasizes the life-threatening nature of systemic Pasteurella multocida infection as well as an indirect way of acquiring a zoonotic infection in a patient with end-stage liver disease.

A Feasibility study of a mining business

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cehlár Michal

2001-06-01

Full Text Available The economic evaluation of a project requires a great deal of diverse information to be brought together in one place. The greatest concern is that there will be an error by omission, so it is useful to have a detailed list of what one needs to know in order to make a thorough evaluation.There are various of detail required at the different stages of evaluation in the project, from the "quick and dirty" overview to the pre-feasibility study, through a full detailed feasibility study, to a due diligence review. This list addresses most of the economic variables in project and can be used at all levels of studies. Its purpose is to identify a variable or issue and to raise a question, which the review can pursue in more detail using an increasingly more comprehensive checklist for each topic. While developed from the point of view of a new project, this list is equally valid for an ongoing operation.A feasibility study is defined as an assessment of all aspects of a project including technical, infrastructural, environmental, social, legislative and commercial factors, which is sufficiently detailed to support a decision on the implementation. Each project has an associated level of risk. For a proposed investment to increase the value of a firm's stock, it should have a higher expected rate of return than shareholders require for assuming that risk. Since investors demand for a higher potential returns from a riskier project, the cost of capital depends on the venture's risk.

BROCAS APHASIA - A SYNTACTIC AND/OR A MORPHOLOGICAL DISORDER - A CASE-STUDY

NARCIS (Netherlands)

BASTIAANSE, R

The patient described here suffers from Broca's aphasia without a comprehension disorder. She is unique, since she has two speech styles available and she shifts between them spontaneously. One style is characterized by a mild syntactic disorder and the other by a quite severe morphological and

A novel approach to sonographic examination in a patient with a calf muscle tear: a case report

OpenAIRE

Chen Carl PC; Tang Simon FT; Hsu Chih-Chin; Chen Ruo Li; Hsu Rex CH; Wu Chin-Wen; Chen Max JL

2009-01-01

Abstract Introduction Rupture of the distal musculotendinous junction of the medial head of the gastrocnemius, also known as "tennis leg", can be readily examined using a soft tissue ultrasound. Loss of muscle fiber continuity and the occurrence of bloody fluid accumulation can be observed using ultrasound with the patient in the prone position; however, some cases may have normal ultrasound findings in this conventional position. We report a case of a middle-aged man with tennis leg. Ultraso...

Flexible Learning in a Workplace Model: Blended a Motivation to a Lifelong Learner in a Social Network Environment

Science.gov (United States)

Na-songkhla, Jaitip

2011-01-01

This paper presents a model of learning in a workplace, in which an online course provides flexibility for staff to learn at their convenient hours. A motivation was brought into an account of the success of learning in a workplace program, based upon Behaviorist learning approach--an online mentor and an accumulated learning activities score was…

Development of a Novel System to Measure a Clearance of a Passenger Platform

Science.gov (United States)

Shimizu, M.; Oizumi, J.; Matsuoka, R.; Takeda, H.; Okukura, H.; Ooya, A.; Koike, A.

2016-06-01

Clearances of a passenger platform at a railway station should be appropriately maintained for safety of both trains and passengers. In most Japanese railways clearances between a platform and a train car is measured precisely once or twice a year. Because current measurement systems operate on a track, the closure of the track is unavoidable. Since the procedure of the closure of a track is time-consuming and bothersome, we decided to develop a new system to measure clearances without the closure of a track. A new system is required to work on a platform and the required measurement accuracy is less than several millimetres. We have adopted a 3D laser scanner and stop-and-go operation for a new system. The current systems on a track measure clearances continuously at walking speed, while our system on a platform measures clearances at approximately ten metres intervals. The scanner controlled by a PC acquires a set of point data at each measuring station. Edge points of the platform, top and side points of two rails are detected from the acquired point data. Finally clearances of the platform are calculated by using the detected feature points of the platform and the rails. The results of an experiment using a prototype of our system show that the measurement accuracy by our system would be satisfactory, but our system would take more time than the current systems. Since our system requires no closure of a track, we conclude that our system would be convenient and effective.

From a landfill to a power plant...,a tricky site reconversion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Houot, G.

2014-01-01

Solar farms are necessary to assure a quick development of solar energy but they have to avoid conflicts with farmers and local populations. A consensual solution is to turn degraded sites like former landfills into solar farms but it is not so easy as expected. The rehabilitation of ancient landfills may require decontamination works, the reinforcement of the soil to support the arrays of solar panels and in any case it must be proved that the release of dump gases is compatible with the equipment of the solar farm. Feedback experience shows that the economic competitiveness of the project is assured if the landfill area is at least of 10 hectares and if the output power of the plant is important enough. (A.C.)

A metaphysical journey in a comatose state.

Science.gov (United States)

Gimenez, R

1992-01-01

This paper is about the intense experience of being in the hospital in a comatose state resulting from an aneurysm with a massive brain hemorrhage and two subsequent surgeries. The event begins with a premonition of what will happen from a street name. The experience of brain surgeries, along with the fine care of the nurses, left me with a truly memorable impression. This paper describes the various feelings and strong emotions that I experienced while in a comatose state. It suggests that a patient in a comatose state can exist in a deep state of emotions close to ecstasy. The paper concludes with gratefulness to all the people who followed me step by step on this journey.

A Governança Corporativa Influencia a Eficiência das Empresas Brasileiras?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Igor Bernardi Sonza

2014-05-01

Full Text Available O conflito de interesses entre executivos e proprietários é uma questão amplamente difundida na academia, já documentada em 1932 por Berle e Means, trazendo à tona o clássico conflito de interesses entre agente e principal discutido pela Teoria da Agência. A premissa por trás da governança corporativa é que as pessoas que estão dentro das corporações não necessariamente agem visando o melhor para os provedores de fundos. Partindo deste pressuposto, o trabalho em questão visa verificar a influência dos aspectos de governança corporativa na eficiência das empresas de capital aberto brasileiras. O estudo une técnicas de otimização estática através de Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA para identificar a eficiência das empresas de capital aberto, com Dados em Painel para identificar a influência da governança corporativa na eficiência das empresas. Os dados foram coletados manualmente dos relatórios 20-F da Security Exchange Commission (SEC das empresas brasileiras que possuem American Depositary Receipts (ADRs, já que a base de dados não está disponível, no Brasil, de uma forma completa. Grande parte das hipóteses foi confirmada, evidenciando as condições particulares das finanças corporativas no Brasil no que tange a Governança Corporativa. A incipiência do mercado de capitais brasileiro é percebida em várias análises, ressaltando que o histórico do sistema corporativo brasileiro é um dos limitantes da eficiência das empresas. As condições que prevalecem são: (i alta sobreposição propriedade-direção; (ii conselhos de administração de baixa efetividade; (iii em grupos familiares, os papéis dos acionistas, dos conselhos e da direção não são bem definidos; (iv existe pouca clareza quanto à relação benefício-custo da boa governança; (v baixa eficácia dos conselhos de administração; e (vi indícios de conflitos de interesses, relativizados por incentivos explícitos e implícitos.

Implementing a Brand Strategy for a New Product: Releasing a New Product in a Multinational Company

OpenAIRE

Alexandra ION

2011-01-01

The present paper focuses on the issue of using marketing intruments (like innovation, creativity, revitalization) in multinational companies like Coca Cola. The research is about identifying the right options and marketing strategies, for implementing a new and healthy product on the market, and studying the consumer behavior, regarding the subject. In conclusion, this product could be a chance for this company to improve image and to take benefit by increasing the number of consumers.

Calculation of liquid-liquid phase separation in a ternary system of a polymer in a mixture of a solvent and a nonsolvent

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Altena, Frank W.; Smolders, C.A.

1982-01-01

A numerical method for the calculation of the binodal of liquid-liquid phase separation in a ternary system is described. The Flory-Huggins theory for three-component systems is used. Binodals are calculated for polymer/solvent/nonsolvent systems which are used in the preparation of asymmetric

A Response to Welch's Review of "Urihi A: A Terra‐Floresta Yanomami"

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hein van der Voort

2010-12-01

Full Text Available A Response to Welch's Review of Urihi A: A Terra‐Floresta Yanomami. Bruce Albert and William Milliken with Gale Goodwin Gomez. São Paulo: Instituto Socioambiental, 2009. 207 pp., illustrations, tables, bibliography, appendices, index. Paperback ISBN: 978‐85‐85994‐72‐3.

A SOLAR FLARE DISTURBING A LIGHT WALL ABOVE A SUNSPOT LIGHT BRIDGE

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hou, Yijun; Zhang, Jun; Li, Ting; Yang, Shuhong; Li, Leping; Li, Xiaohong

2016-01-01

With the high-resolution data from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph , we detect a light wall above a sunspot light bridge in the NOAA active region (AR) 12403. In the 1330 Å slit-jaw images, the light wall is brighter than the ambient areas while the wall top and base are much brighter than the wall body, and it keeps oscillating above the light bridge. A C8.0 flare caused by a filament activation occurred in this AR with the peak at 02:52 UT on 2015 August 28, and the flare’s one ribbon overlapped the light bridge, which was the observational base of the light wall. Consequently, the oscillation of the light wall was evidently disturbed. The mean projective oscillation amplitude of the light wall increased from 0.5 to 1.6 Mm before the flare and decreased to 0.6 Mm after the flare. We suggest that the light wall shares a group of magnetic field lines with the flare loops, which undergo a magnetic reconnection process, and they constitute a coupled system. When the magnetic field lines are pushed upward at the pre-flare stage, the light wall turns to the vertical direction, resulting in the increase of the light wall’s projective oscillation amplitude. After the magnetic reconnection takes place, a group of new field lines with smaller scales are formed underneath the reconnection site, and the light wall inclines. Thus, the projective amplitude notably decrease at the post-flare stage.

A SOLAR FLARE DISTURBING A LIGHT WALL ABOVE A SUNSPOT LIGHT BRIDGE

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hou, Yijun; Zhang, Jun; Li, Ting; Yang, Shuhong; Li, Leping; Li, Xiaohong, E-mail: yijunhou@nao.cas.cn [Key Laboratory of Solar Activity, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012 (China)

2016-10-01

With the high-resolution data from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph , we detect a light wall above a sunspot light bridge in the NOAA active region (AR) 12403. In the 1330 Å slit-jaw images, the light wall is brighter than the ambient areas while the wall top and base are much brighter than the wall body, and it keeps oscillating above the light bridge. A C8.0 flare caused by a filament activation occurred in this AR with the peak at 02:52 UT on 2015 August 28, and the flare’s one ribbon overlapped the light bridge, which was the observational base of the light wall. Consequently, the oscillation of the light wall was evidently disturbed. The mean projective oscillation amplitude of the light wall increased from 0.5 to 1.6 Mm before the flare and decreased to 0.6 Mm after the flare. We suggest that the light wall shares a group of magnetic field lines with the flare loops, which undergo a magnetic reconnection process, and they constitute a coupled system. When the magnetic field lines are pushed upward at the pre-flare stage, the light wall turns to the vertical direction, resulting in the increase of the light wall’s projective oscillation amplitude. After the magnetic reconnection takes place, a group of new field lines with smaller scales are formed underneath the reconnection site, and the light wall inclines. Thus, the projective amplitude notably decrease at the post-flare stage.

A reta e a curva: a estética da paisagem?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Euler Sandeville Junior

1995-12-01

Full Text Available There are a common compreension i n landscape architecture that formal design is like a hard human dominance over nature and the organic or informal landscape means total identification with nature. Then I thinkthatthe understandingofthesimbolism in landscape architecture is basic to our compreension of the past masterpiece and to the compreension of the historic relationship between nature, culture and design that is the base to studies about landscape architecture. The kind of contrasts like straight line against curve lines, the rational aganist the organic, are also very common in architecture and urban design and my intention in this paper is to introduce my thinking about these. "Na ilusão o desejo basta a si mesmo; não espera nenhum apoio da experiência * (Rosset, 1989 *Parks and gardens of curves are always new, always revealing new thoughts and new interests in life. Straight lines are copied from the achitect and do not belong to the landscape. They have nothing to do with nature, of which landscaping is a part and out of which art has grown. Landscaping must follow the lines of the tree with its thousands of curves

⌋ ⌉ ⌊ ⌈ A AA A AA A AA

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Dr AB Ahmed

INTRODUCTION. Encryption is the process of transforming a plaintext to ciphertext with ... being sent. Different encryption algorithms are gaining currency with .... military secrets, diplomatic mission to secure classified messages. It can found ...

Urihi A: A Terra-Floresta Yanomami

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

James R. Welch

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Review of Urihi A: A Terra-Floresta Yanomami. Bruce Albert and William Milliken with Gale Goodwin Gomez. São Paulo: Instituto Socioambiental, 2009. 207 pp., illustrations, tables, bibliography, appendices, index. Paperback ISBN: 978‐85 85994‐72‐3.

Locating a circle on a sphere

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brimberg, Jack; Juel, Henrik; Schöbel, Anita

2007-01-01

We consider the problem of locating a spherical circle with respect to existing facilities on a sphere, such that the sum of distances between the circle and the facilities is minimized or such that the maximum distance is minimized. The problem properties are analyzed, and we give solution...... procedures. When the circle to be located is restricted to be a great circle, some simplifications are possible. The models may be used in preliminary studies on the location of large linear facilities on the earth's surface, such as superhighways, pipelines, and transmission lines, or in totally different...

A ribozyme transcribed by a ribozyme

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bentin, Thomas

2011-01-01

Prominent current ideas on how life emerged on Earth include an RNA world hypothesis in which RNA performed informational as well as catalytic functions in the absence of both DNA and protein. Demonstration of a self-replicative system based on ribonucleic acid polymers as both information carriers...... and catalysts would lend support to such a scenario. A pivotal component of this system would be an RNA dependent RNA polymerase ribozyme capable of replicating its own RNA gene. Recent work from the Holliger group at the Laboratory for Molecular Biology in Cambridge has provided synthetic ribozymes1 that just...

A certain ambiguity a mathematical novel

CERN Document Server

Suri, Gaurav

2010-01-01

While taking a class on infinity at Stanford in the late 1980s, Ravi Kapoor discovers that he is confronting the same mathematical and philosophical dilemmas that his mathematician grandfather had faced many decades earlier--and that had landed him in jail. Charged under an obscure blasphemy law in a small New Jersey town in 1919, Vijay Sahni is challenged by a skeptical judge to defend his belief that the certainty of mathematics can be extended to all human knowledge--including religion. Together, the two men discover the power--and the fallibility--of what has long been considered the pinn

Ventana a la Farmacología

OpenAIRE

María Luisa Cárdenas Muñoz; Hernán Pérez; Ramiro Prada Reyes

1996-01-01

Terfenadina: no debe usarse con eritromicina: La terfenadina es un antihistamínico de segunda generación, cuyo uso se ha generalizado por producir menos sedación que los antihistamínicos de primera generación.  / Uso y abuso de corticoides tópicos oculares: A finales de la década de los cuarenta Kench y Kendall introdujeron la cortisona en la terapéutica humana, simultáneamente comenzó a ser utilizada con éxito en las inflamaciones oculares. /  Trastornos de pánico: pato fisiología y tratamie...

A walker used as a lifting device.

Science.gov (United States)

Glimskär, Bo; Hjalmarson, Jenny; Lundberg, Stefan; Larsson, Tore

2014-05-01

To develop assistive technology that would help an older person to arise from a kneeling position to a standing one. Developing a prototype, based on an inclusive design and then testing the prototype to verify the approach. The prototype was subsequently tested by a panel of 20 elderly users. These tests were observed and filmed. Participants' experiences of being lifted with the elevation seat were registered with the VIDAR ergonomic assessment system. None of the 20 participants used a walker at that time. In response to a question of whether, assuming they might have to use a walker in the future, they thought that a walker with an elevating seat would be helpful, 18 said that it would. Two of the participants did not believe that they would ever have to use a walker. A simple assistive technology such as a walker equipped with an elevating seat would in many of these cases simplify matters and reduce the distress of people who fall often. In addition, such a device can allow people who fall often to live in their homes longer. For caregivers dealing frequently with people who fall, this assistive device can contribute to decreasing occupational injuries. Development of a lifting device that can help people raise themselves up entirely on their own, or with minimal assistance, would be a revolutionary step for the individual. Lifting devices in use today requires much more extensive assistance from home helpers or others and due to the risk of injuries it is a great value for the helpers that easy to use devices develops. A walker equipped with an elevating seat could even provide a potential for people to stay in their homes longer.

Unusual death due to a bleeding from a varicose vein: a case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fragkouli Kleio

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Varicose veins are a common entity presenting a worldwide distribution. Although they are usually benign, sometimes are proved to be a threatening condition. Massive hemorrhage is an unusual complication of this common venous pathology that demands immediate medical intervention. Case presentation We present a case of a 66-year-old woman found dead in her house surrounded by a large quantity of blood. Autopsy revealed a 7 mm ulcer on the internal surface of the left lower leg communicating with a varicose vein, signs of exsanguinations and liver cirrhosis. Toxicological analysis was negative. Conclusion Massive hemorrhage from a ruptured varicosity is a severe medical emergency. Awareness of the risk of massive hemorrhage may provoke preventive treatment to be undertaken so as terminal loss of consciousness and a subsequent unattended death to be averted.

A new treatment for focal dystonias: incobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin®, a botulinum neurotoxin type A free from complexing proteins

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jimenez-Shahed J

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Joohi Jimenez-ShahedDepartment of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USAAbstract: Dystonia is a movement disorder of uncertain pathogenesis that is characterized by involuntary and inappropriate muscle contractions which cause sustained abnormal postures and movements of multiple or single (focal body regions. The most common focal dystonias are cervical dystonia (CD and blepharospasm (BSP. The first-line recommended treatment for CD and BSP is injection with botulinum toxin (BoNT, of which two serotypes are available: BoNT type A (BoNT/A and BoNT type B (BoNT/B. Conventional BoNT formulations include inactive complexing proteins, which may increase the risk for antigenicity, possibly leading to treatment failure. IncobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin®; Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany is a BoNT/A agent that has been recently Food and Drug Administration-approved for the treatment of adults with CD and adults with BSP previously treated with onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox®; Allergen, Inc, Irvine, CA – a conventional BoNT/A. IncobotulinumtoxinA is the only BoNT product that is free of complexing proteins. The necessity of complexing proteins for the effectiveness of botulinum toxin treatment has been challenged by preclinical and clinical studies with incobotulinumtoxinA. These studies have also suggested that incobotulinumtoxinA is associated with a lower risk for stimulating antibody formation than onabotulinumtoxinA. In phase 3 noninferiority trials, incobotulinumtoxinA demonstrated significant improvements in CD and BSP symptoms in both primary and secondary measures, compared with baseline, and met criteria for noninferiority versus onabotulinumtoxinA. In placebo-controlled trials, incobotulinumtoxinA also significantly improved the symptoms of CD and BSP, with robust outcomes in both primary and secondary measures. The use of incobotulinumtoxinA has been well tolerated in all trials, with an adverse event profile similar

Effect of a serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine (PsA-TT) on serogroup A meningococcal meningitis and carriage in Chad: a community study [corrected].

Science.gov (United States)

Daugla, D M; Gami, J P; Gamougam, K; Naibei, N; Mbainadji, L; Narbé, M; Toralta, J; Kodbesse, B; Ngadoua, C; Coldiron, M E; Fermon, F; Page, A-L; Djingarey, M H; Hugonnet, S; Harrison, O B; Rebbetts, L S; Tekletsion, Y; Watkins, E R; Hill, D; Caugant, D A; Chandramohan, D; Hassan-King, M; Manigart, O; Nascimento, M; Woukeu, A; Trotter, C; Stuart, J M; Maiden, McJ; Greenwood, B M

2014-01-04

A serogroup A meningococcal polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (PsA-TT, MenAfriVac) was licensed in India in 2009, and pre-qualified by WHO in 2010, on the basis of its safety and immunogenicity. This vaccine is now being deployed across the African meningitis belt. We studied the effect of PsA-TT on meningococcal meningitis and carriage in Chad during a serogroup A meningococcal meningitis epidemic. We obtained data for the incidence of meningitis before and after vaccination from national records between January, 2009, and June, 2012. In 2012, surveillance was enhanced in regions where vaccination with PsA-TT had been undertaken in 2011, and in one district where a reactive vaccination campaign in response to an outbreak of meningitis was undertaken. Meningococcal carriage was studied in an age-stratified sample of residents aged 1-29 years of a rural area roughly 13-15 and 2-4 months before and 4-6 months after vaccination. Meningococci obtained from cerebrospinal fluid or oropharyngeal swabs were characterised by conventional microbiological and molecular methods. Roughly 1·8 million individuals aged 1-29 years received one dose of PsA-TT during a vaccination campaign in three regions of Chad in and around the capital N'Djamena during 10 days in December, 2011. The incidence of meningitis during the 2012 meningitis season in these three regions was 2·48 per 100,000 (57 cases in the 2·3 million population), whereas in regions without mass vaccination, incidence was 43·8 per 100,000 (3809 cases per 8·7 million population), a 94% difference in crude incidence (pvaccinated regions. 32 serogroup A carriers were identified in 4278 age-stratified individuals (0·75%) living in a rural area near the capital 2-4 months before vaccination, whereas only one serogroup A meningococcus was isolated in 5001 people living in the same community 4-6 months after vaccination (adjusted odds ratio 0·019, 95% CI 0·002-0·138; p<0·0001). PSA-TT was highly

Multiscale diffusion of a molecular probe in a crowded environment: a concept

Science.gov (United States)

Currie, Megan; Thao, Chang; Timerman, Randi; Welty, Robb; Berry, Brenden; Sheets, Erin D.; Heikal, Ahmed A.

2015-08-01

Living cells are crowded with macromolecules and organelles. Yet, it is not fully understood how macromolecular crowding affects the myriad of biochemical reactions, transport and the structural stability of biomolecules that are essential to cellular function and survival. These molecular processes, with or without electrostatic interactions, in living cells are therefore expected to be distinct from those carried out in test tube in dilute solutions where excluded volumes are absent. Thus there is an urgent need to understand the macromolecular crowding effects on cellular and molecular biophysics towards quantitative cell biology. In this report, we investigated how biomimetic crowding affects both the rotational and translation diffusion of a small probe (rhodamine green, RhG). For biomimetic crowding agents, we used Ficoll-70 (synthetic polymer), bovine serum albumin and ovalbumin (proteins) at various concentrations in a buffer at room temperature. As a control, we carried out similar measurements on glycerolenriched buffer as an environment with homogeneous viscosity as a function of glycerol concentration. The corresponding bulk viscosity was measured independently to test the validity of the Stokes-Einstein model of a diffusing species undergoing a random walk. For rotational diffusion (ps-ns time scale), we used time-resolved anisotropy measurements to examine potential binding of RhG as a function of the crowding agents (surface structure and size). For translational diffusion (μs-s time scale), we used fluorescence correlation spectroscopy for single-molecule fluctuation analysis. Our results allow us to examine the diffusion model of a molecular probe in crowded environments as a function of concentration, length scale, homogeneous versus heterogeneous viscosity, size and surface structures. These biomimetic crowding studies, using non-invasive fluorescence spectroscopy methods, represent an important step towards understanding cellular biophysics and

Entomology: A Bee Farming a Fungus.

Science.gov (United States)

Oldroyd, Benjamin P; Aanen, Duur K

2015-11-16

Farming is done not only by humans, but also by some ant, beetle and termite species. With the discovery of a stingless bee farming a fungus that provides benefits to its larvae, bees can be added to this list. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A METHOD OF AND A SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING ACCESS TO A SHARED RESOURCE

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2006-01-01

A method and a system of controlling access of data items to a shared resource, wherein the data items each is assigned to one of a plurality of priorities, and wherein, when a predetermined number of data items of a priority have been transmitted to the shared resource, that priority...

A chronic traumatic tracheoesophageal fistula functioning as a respirator and a phonator simultaneously

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wan-Fu Su

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Acquired benign tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF is an infrequent complication of prolonged intubation or chest blunt injury. Controversy exists as to whether this should be repaired in a single-stage or in a two-stage procedure. To understand the advantage of one-stage surgery on this complicated injury, and vocalization after reconstruction, we will present a case that had a chronic traumatic TEF, compounded with total laryngotracheal obstruction and an existing unilateral vocal fixation. A 28-year-old female sustained a laryngotracheal injury in a car accident eight years ago and underwent a temporary laryngotracheal stent placement after reconstructive surgery, for one year, in another hospital. Relapsing aspiration pneumonia had developed since then. Video laryngoscopy revealed a mobile right vocal fold, a completely obstructed glottic lumen by granulomatous tissue, and a TEF. This chronic fistula functioned as a respirator without any assistance from the ventilator tube placement, as also a phonator, offering a socially acceptable voice simultaneously, as the larynges were totally obstructed by the scarring granulation tissue. This surrogate glottis enabled survival without a tracheostoma and challenged the justification of any further reconstruction in this patient. Eventually, TEF repair and reconstruction of the laryngotracheal airway were conducted in one stage. Subsequently, the insufficient glottis was corrected by medialized laryngoplasty, to complete the entire reconstruction work.

Geogas - a carrier or a tracer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hermansson, H.P.; Chyssler, J.; Aakerblom, G.; Linden, A.

1991-10-01

This report contains an account and discussion of the results of work published within the area of geogas, with particular emphasis on the conditions which would exist in a Swedish repository for spent nuclear fuel. The following issues are addressed. Is there any evidence/is it probable or improbable that a geogas flow exists? How does the flow move, what does it consists of and at what depth is it released? Is there any evidence/is it probable that matter is transported to the surface by geogas flow? What are the mechanisms that could be involved in the transport of matter by geogas? Does the composition of the gas have any bearing on the ability of the gas to transport matter? Would the gas tend to transport certain elements rather than others? What effect does the surrounding rock have on gas transport? If matter is transported upwards by geogas, is this kind of transport important compared to other means of transport of matter? The conclusion of this report is that all evidence points to the existence of a geogas flow and that nitrogen seems to be the most probable geogas candidate in a Swedish repository environment. It is difficult to estimate how quickly the gas can reach the surface from a depth of 500 m. The extreme values are 30 minutes to several thousand years. It is likely that matter is transported by geogas. Such transport is likely to be selective in a way that would favour the upward transport of colloids and other smaller particles. The most probable mechanisms is transport by ascending gas bubbles in water-filled fractures/cavities. Estimates of times, transport rates and quantities in this report are speculative and uncertain and must be regarded as an initial effort, since little or nothing is known of much of the necessary background data. For this reason, it is impossible to compare the importance of geogas transport of radionuclides from a repository with other transport mechanisms. (65 refs., 4 figs., 6 tabls.)

Take a Professional to Lunch: A Process to Establish a Professional Network

Science.gov (United States)

Butler, Daniel D.

2012-01-01

A review of the marketing literature suggests that students develop personal marketing or sales plans to find their first job and subsequent career. Publishers are providing students access to online resources linked to career information. However, the person who knows most about a given career is the person who is working at that job on a daily…

[A woman with a postoperative lumbar swelling].

Science.gov (United States)

Hulshof, Hanna M; Elsenburg, Patric H J M; Frequin, Stephan T F M

2013-01-01

A 65-year-old woman had developed a large lumbar swelling in a period of four weeks following lumbar laminectomy. An MRI-scan revealed a large fluid collection, which had formed from the spinal canal. The diagnosis 'liquorcele', a rare complication of spine surgery, was established.

A Kochen–Specker inequality from a SIC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bengtsson, Ingemar; Blanchfield, Kate; Cabello, Adán

2012-01-01

Yu and Oh (eprint) have given a state-independent proof of the Kochen–Specker theorem in three dimensions using only 13 rays. The proof consists of showing that a non-contextual hidden variable theory necessarily leads to an inequality that is violated by quantum mechanics. We give a similar proof making use of 21 rays that constitute a SIC (symmetric informationally-complete positive operator-valued measure) and a complete set of MUB (mutually unbiased bases). A theory-independent inequality is also presented using the same 21 rays, as required for experimental tests of contextuality. -- Highlights: ► We find a state-independent Kochen–Specker inequality in dimension 3 with 21 rays. ► The rays constitute a SIC (9 rays) and a complete set of MUB (12 rays). ► Orthogonalities among the rays produce the Hesse configuration. ► The rays also give a state-independent non-contextual hidden variable inequality. ► We show that both inequalities are violated by quantum mechanics.

Portfolio as a learning strategy and a tool for assessment - a Danish experience

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mogensen, Arne

A short presentation of some Danish expereriences using portfolio in maths teaching in primary and lower secondary schools as a learning strategy AND a tool for assessment.......A short presentation of some Danish expereriences using portfolio in maths teaching in primary and lower secondary schools as a learning strategy AND a tool for assessment....

A prototype of a computerized patient record.

Science.gov (United States)

Adelhard, K; Eckel, R; Hölzel, D; Tretter, W

1995-01-01

Computerized medical record systems (CPRS) should present user and problem oriented views of the patient file. Problem lists, clinical course, medication profiles and results of examinations have to be recorded in a computerized patient record. Patient review screens should give a synopsis of the patient data to inform whenever the patient record is opened. Several different types of data have to be stored in a patient record. Qualitative and quantitative measurements, narratives and images are such examples. Therefore, a CPR must also be able to handle these different data types. New methods and concepts appear frequently in medicine. Thus a CPRS must be flexible enough to cope with coming demands. We developed a prototype of a computer based patient record with a graphical user interface on a SUN workstation. The basis of the system are a dynamic data dictionary, an interpreter language and a large set of basic functions. This approach gives optimal flexibility to the system. A lot of different data types are already supported. Extensions are easily possible. There is also almost no limit concerning the number of medical concepts that can be handled by our prototype. Several applications were built on this platform. Some of them are presented to exemplify the patient and problem oriented handling of the CPR.

A controller for controlling a group of lighting devices and a method thereof

OpenAIRE

2017-01-01

A controller (100) for controlling a group (110) of lighting devices (112, 114) is disclosed. The group (110) comprises a first lighting device (112) and a second lighting device (114). The controller (100) comprises a communication unit (102) for communicating with the first and second lighting devices (112, 114), and for receiving a first current light setting of the first lighting device (112) and a second current light setting of the second lighting device (114). The controller (100) furt...

A gyrovirus infecting a sea bird

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Linlin; Pesavento, Patricia A.; Gaynor, Anne M.; Duerr, Rebecca S.; Phan, Tung Gia; Zhang, Wen; Deng, Xutao

2015-01-01

We characterized the genome of a highly divergent gyrovirus (GyV8) in the spleen and uropygial gland tissues of a diseased northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis), a pelagic bird beached in San Francisco, California. No other exogenous viral sequences could be identified using viral metagenomics. The small circular DNA genome shared no significant nucleotide sequence identity, and only 38–42 % amino acid sequence identity in VP1, with any of the previously identified gyroviruses. GyV8 is the first member of the third major phylogenetic clade of this viral genus and the first gyrovirus detected in an avian species other than chicken. PMID:26036564

Developing a Leadership Identity: A Grounded Theory

Science.gov (United States)

Komives, Susan R.; Owen, Julie E; Longerbeam, Susan D.; Mainella, Felicia C.; Osteen, Laura

2005-01-01

This grounded theory study on developing a leadership identity revealed a 6-stage developmental process. The thirteen diverse students in this study described their leadership identity as moving from a leader-centric view to one that embraced leadership as a collaborative, relational process. Developing a leadership identity was connected to the…

Towards A Regional Science Academy: A Manifesto

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karima Kourtit

2016-04-01

Full Text Available This Manifesto provides a joint proposal to create a Regional Science Academy as a think-tank support platform for a strategic development of the spatial sciences. The Regional Science Academy is a strategic spatial knowledge catalyst: it acts as a global intellectual powerhouse for new knowledge network initiatives and scholarly views on regions and cities as vital centrepieces of interconnected spatial systems. This contribution highlights its role and presents various activity plans.

A PULSED, PRECESSING JET IN CEPHEUS A

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cunningham, Nathaniel J.; Moeckel, Nickolas; Bally, John

2009-01-01

We present near-infrared H 2 , radio CO, and thermal infrared observations of the nearby massive star-forming region Cepheus A (Cep A). From H 2 bow shocks arranged along four distinct jet axes, we infer that the massive protostellar source HW2 drives a pulsed, precessing jet that has changed its orientation by about 45 deg. in roughly 10 4 years. The current HW2 radio jet represents the most recent event in this time series of eruptions. This scenario is consistent with the recent discovery of a disk around HW2, perpendicular to the current jet orientation, and with the presence of companions at projected distances comparable to the disk radius. We propose that the Cep A system formed by the disk-assisted capture of a sibling star by HW2. We present a numerical model of a 15 M sun star with a circumstellar disk, orbited by a companion in an inclined, eccentric orbit. Close passages of the companion through or near the disk result in periods of enhanced accretion and mass loss, as well as forced precession of the disk and associated orientation changes in the jet. The observations reveal a second powerful outflow that emerges from radio source HW3c or HW3d. This flow is associated with blueshifted CO emission and a faint H 2 bow shock to the east, and with HH 168 to the west. A collision between the flows from HW2 and HW3c/d may be responsible for X-ray and radio continuum emission in Cep A West.

Matematicas: Nivel A (Mathematics: Level A).

Science.gov (United States)

Duron, Dolores; And Others

A teacher's manual was developed for an elementary level mathematics course in Spanish as part of an immersion program for English speaking children. The Level A manual is designed for kindergarten and grade 1 pupils. Teaching procedures, conceptual objectives, vocabulary, and structures are included. Activities are designed to teach either…

Charging a Capacitor with a Photovoltaic Module

Science.gov (United States)

Aguilar, Horacio Munguía; Maldonado, Rigoberto Franco; Navarro, Luis Barba

2017-01-01

Charging a capacitor with a photovoltaic module is an experiment which reveals a lot about the modules characteristics. It is customary to represent these characteristics with an equivalent circuit whose elements represent its physical parameters. The behavior of a photovoltaic module is very similar to that of a single cell but the electric…

Teratogenia da vitamina A Vitamin A teratogenicity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Helena de Castro Chagas

2003-09-01

Full Text Available A vitamina A é essencial à preservação e ao funcionamento normal dos tecidos, assim como, ao crescimento e desenvolvimento. No humano há evidência indireta que a vitamina A em excesso, durante as primeiras semanas de gestação é teratogênica. Do contrário, não há dúvidas sobre os efeitos deletérios, de uma alimentação carente neste micronutriente e sobre a disponibilidade do conhecimento técnico para evitá-los. A preocupação com o fato de que a vitamina A conduziria a teratogenia em humanos, tem retardado a implementação de programas de combate a carência de vitamina A, atingindo principalmente os programas de enriquecimento de alimentos. A literatura é controvertida e dispõe de poucas informações sobre as doses para suplementação de gestantes. Como o retinol circulante materno é controlado homeostaticamente após o consumo de alimentos fonte de vitamina A, espera-se a mesma resposta metabólica após o consumo de alimentos fortificados, indicando que não há risco de teratogenia. Consequentemente, parece altamente improvável que o consumo de alimentos enriquecidos ou de suplementos de vitamina A pré-formada, nas doses unitárias habituais, tenha efeito teratogênico no homem.The vitamin A is essential to the preservation and the normal functioning of tissues, as well as, to the growth and development. In the human being it has indirect evidence that the vitamin A in excess, during the first weeks of gestation is teratogenic. Of the opposite, it does not have doubts on the deleterious effect, of a devoid feeding in this micronutrient and on the availability of the knowledge technician to prevent them. The concern with the fact of that the vitamin A would lead it the teratogenicity in human beings, has delayed the implementation of combat programs the vitamin A lack, mainly reaching the programs of food enrichment. Literature is controverted and makes use of few information on the doses for supplementation of

A resistência olha a resistência

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Ponciano Ribeiro

Full Text Available Resistência é um processo humano que acontece quando a pessoa se encontra sob algum tipo de ameaça. Não é essencialmente um acontecimento psicoterapêutico. Ocorre na terapia não como uma oposição a si mesmo ou ao terapeuta, mas como uma forma de se ajustar a uma nova situação. A resistência, é por natureza, a atualização do instinto de auto-preservação. E o organismo inteligentemente segue a lei da preferência. Resistência é uma forma de contato que não pode ser destruída, mas administrada, porque ela surge como uma defesa da totalidade vivenciada pela pessoa. A Resistência é, às vezes, resistência e awareness mais que ao contato. Ela revela mais o caminho seguido do que oculta a caminhada feita. A resistência é um processo natural, porque o corpo que não resiste, morre, mas falamos em processos de auto-regulação organísmica. Valorizamos mais o que mantêm a resistência funcionando do que à própria resistência. O terapeuta também resiste, ou seja, ele se auto-regula na sua relação com o cliente. Não questionamos a resistência, mas o processo que a mantêm. Trabalhamos com nove mecanismos de defesa, também tradicionalmente, chamados de resistência.

A reta e a curva: a estética da paisagem?

OpenAIRE

Euler Sandeville Junior

1995-01-01

There are a common compreension i n landscape architecture that formal design is like a hard human dominance over nature and the organic or informal landscape means total identification with nature. Then I thinkthatthe understandingofthesimbolism in landscape architecture is basic to our compreension of the past masterpiece and to the compreension of the historic relationship between nature, culture and design that is the base to studies about landscape architecture. The kind of contrasts lik...

Energy evaluation at a winery: a case study at a Portuguese producer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Correia João

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The introduction of cooling systems in the wine industry to control the fermentation has allowed the oenologist to produce more and more excellent wines. In this regard, the alcoholic fermentation is a target for various studies that aims at explaining the chemical reactions involved in the release of energy. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the energy consumption of a winery and to discuss and understand the main parameters involved in the process of fermentation. The weather profile during fermentation and the schedule of charging the tanks with freshly affect strongly the needs of cooling power, and the energy use. The study conducted at the Adega da Ervideira in the South of Portugal allowed to define a model for the computation of the cooling power and the electricity consumption. The heat gains from outdoor in convection mode and the heat released during maturation and fermentation phases are the main contributors for the cooling requirements at a winery. As a result of the real fact study, it will allow an oenologist to estimate the cooling power and energy for a winery as well as to produce other types of wines.

"A Word can become a Seed": A Lesson Learned about Cultural Humility.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Edward Kangsuhp

2016-12-01

Culturally competent cancer care approaches are necessary to effectively engage ethnic and racial minorities. This reflection shares personal insights on this subject gained throughout my journey from a young immigrant to a medical and public health student in the USA. The death of a friend prompted me to explore what I had deemed as my family's taboo subjects: discussing illness, cancer, and death in the family. However, I eventually realized that it was I who perceived it as taboo subjects. When I inquired earnestly about their health beliefs and values and asked questions in a way that respected those beliefs and values, my family was quite willing to talk about these uncomfortable topics. Subsequent encounters with minority patients and the process of synthesizing this reflection helped me recognize that the way I successfully addressed what I had erroneously assumed to be taboo subjects embodied the idea of cultural humility and can also be applied to issues with other minority patients and families. This recognition will not only make me a better physician but also allow me to become a strong advocate of cultural humility, especially in cancer care and education.

Secondary metabolite profiling of Alternaria dauci, A. porri, A. solani, and A. tomatophila

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Birgitte; Dongo, Anita; Pryor, Barry M.

2008-01-01

Chemotaxonomy (secondary metabolite profiling) has been shown to be of great value in the classification and differentiation in Ascomycota. However, few studies have investigated the use of metabolite production for classification and identification purposes of plant pathogenic Alternaria species....... The purpose of the present study was to describe the methodology behind metabolite profiling in chemotaxonomy using A. dauci, A. porri, A. solani, and A. tomatophila strains as examples of the group. The results confirmed that A. dauci, A. solani, and A. tomatophila are three distinct species each...

A Multicentric T-Cell Lymphoma with a Plasmacytoid Morphology in a Dog

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alissa Bally

2018-01-01

Full Text Available An 8-year-old male (neutered Labrador with a history of erythematous skin lesions and exercise intolerance for a prolonged period was suddenly found dead. Necropsy findings revealed an infiltrative, focally extensive mass which occupied 25% of the cardiac interventricular septum. Severe endocardiosis was also found on the bicuspid and tricuspid valves. The submandibular lymph nodes and kidneys were bilaterally enlarged, and the pre-hepatic lymph node and spleen were also enlarged. Multiple dermal pustules were present around the mouth and on the ear, and small ulcers were present on the tongue. Histopathological examination detected the presence of neoplastic lymphocytes with a plasmacytoid morphology in these tissues as well as in the tongue and skin lesions. Immunohistochemical (CD3+/CD18+ evaluation was consistent with a T-cell lymphoma, which could be classified as a peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS.

A Nuclide Release Model for a Deep Well Scenario near a Repository

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Youn Myoung; Jung, Jong Tae; Choi, Jong Won

2010-01-01

Recently several template programs ready for the safety assessment of a high-level radioactive waste repository (HLW) and a low- and intermediate level radioactive waste repository (LILW) systems, that are conceptually modeled, have been developed by utilizing GoldSim and AMBER at KAERI. During the last few years, such template programs have been utilized for the evaluation of nuclide transports in the nearand far-field of a repository as well as transport through the biosphere under various normal and disruptive release scenarios with assumed data. The GoldSim program, another template program by which influence due to a well located very near to the repository has been modeled and evaluated for an assumed case in order to simulate the worst exposure scenario. This seems very useful to evaluate an accidental event a long time after closure of the repository has been developed and illustrated

A hepatic protein, fetuin-A, occupies a protective role in lethal systemic inflammation.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wei Li

2011-02-01

Full Text Available A liver-derived protein, fetuin-A, was first purified from calf fetal serum in 1944, but its potential role in lethal systemic inflammation was previously unknown. This study aims to delineate the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of hepatic fetuin-A expression during lethal systemic inflammation (LSI, and investigated whether alterations of fetuin-A levels affect animal survival, and influence systemic accumulation of a late mediator, HMGB1.LSI was induced by endotoxemia or cecal ligation and puncture (CLP in fetuin-A knock-out or wild-type mice, and animal survival rates were compared. Murine peritoneal macrophages were challenged with exogenous (endotoxin or endogenous (IFN-γ stimuli in the absence or presence of fetuin-A, and HMGB1 expression and release was assessed. Circulating fetuin-A levels were decreased in a time-dependent manner, starting between 26 h, reaching a nadir around 24-48 h, and returning towards base-line approximately 72 h post onset of endotoxemia or sepsis. These dynamic changes were mirrored by an early cytokine IFN-γ-mediated inhibition (up to 50-70% of hepatic fetuin-A expression. Disruption of fetuin-A expression rendered animals more susceptible to LSI, whereas supplementation of fetuin-A (20-100 mg/kg dose-dependently increased animal survival rates. The protection was associated with a significant reduction in systemic HMGB1 accumulation in vivo, and parallel inhibition of IFN-γ- or LPS-induced HMGB1 release in vitro.These experimental data suggest that fetuin-A is protective against lethal systemic inflammation partly by inhibiting active HMGB1 release.

Colonization of a territory by a stochastic population under a strong Allee effect and a low immigration pressure

Science.gov (United States)

Be'er, Shay; Assaf, Michael; Meerson, Baruch

2015-06-01

We study the dynamics of colonization of a territory by a stochastic population at low immigration pressure. We assume a sufficiently strong Allee effect that introduces, in deterministic theory, a large critical population size for colonization. At low immigration rates, the average precolonization population size is small, thus invalidating the WKB approximation to the master equation. We circumvent this difficulty by deriving an exact zero-flux solution of the master equation and matching it with an approximate nonzero-flux solution of the pertinent Fokker-Planck equation in a small region around the critical population size. This procedure provides an accurate evaluation of the quasistationary probability distribution of population sizes in the precolonization state and of the mean time to colonization, for a wide range of immigration rates. At sufficiently high immigration rates our results agree with WKB results obtained previously. At low immigration rates the results can be very different.

Transient deformation of a droplet near a microfluidic constriction: A quantitative analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Trégouët, Corentin; Salez, Thomas; Monteux, Cécile; Reyssat, Mathilde

2018-05-01

We report on experiments that consist of deforming a collection of monodisperse droplets produced by a microfluidic chip through a flow-focusing device. We show that a proper numerical modeling of the flow is necessary to access the stress applied by the latter on the droplet along its trajectory through the chip. This crucial step enables the full integration of the differential equation governing the dynamical deformation, and consequently the robust measurement of the interfacial tension by fitting the experiments with the calculated deformation. Our study thus demonstrates the feasibility of quantitative in situ rheology in microfluidic flows involving, e.g., droplets, capsules, or cells.

Entre a criação e a obediência: a judicialização invade a escola

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luiz Antonio Saléh Amado

2014-09-01

Full Text Available O artigo pretende problematizar as relações e as práticas vinculadas à escola, as quais têm sido marcadas por uma lógica judicializante. Para isso traz exemplos de casos recentes, em que nos deparamos com discursos que demandam mais controle, mais vigilância e, nesta lógica, mais punição. Sob o pretexto de defender a educação de qualidade, os códigos de conduta e o respeito ao professor, as situações descritas exemplificam muitas práticas, na sociedade e nas escolas, que contribuem para alimentar a racionalidade que considera o poder judiciário a instância por excelência onde as dificuldades e os conflitos escolares devem ser resolvidos. O texto alerta para a necessidade de não encararmos os problemas escolares como ameaça à existência da própria escola, mas analisarmos os processos instituídos e problematizarmos as práticas que buscam prevenir condutas desviantes através de discursos moralizantes e de métodos punitivos. Neste sentido, defende a construção de alternativas para estes problemas através da participação dos sujeitos que habitam a escola, pois a potencialização de professores, alunos e demais agentes institucionais possibilitará que as escolas se transformem em espaços para a ampliação dos modos de existência.

A clever technique for placement of a urinary catheter over a wire

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joel E Abbott

2015-01-01

Conclusion: Placing urinary catheters over a wire is standard practice for urologists, however, use of this technique gives the freedom of performing wire-guided catheterization in more situations than a council-tip allows. This technique facilitates successful transurethral catheterization over wire in the setting of DUC for all catheter types and styles aiding in urologic management of patients at a cost benefit to the health care system.

A Case: Eight-and-A-Half Syndrome

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cennet Nalan Kuş

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Scientific BACKGROUND: The combination of clinical one-and-a-half syndrome together with cranial nerve VII palsy is known to as eight-and-a-half syndrome. It localized the pathology to the pons. OBJECTIVE: To report a case having clinical and radiologic findings typical of eight-and-a-half syndrome. CASE: 65 year old man with hypertension presented with sudden onset of binocular diplopia left facial weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging demostrated a small lesion in the left paramedian pontine tegmentum. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first report of a case of eight-and-a-half syndrome in Turkish literature

A web-based simulation of a longitudinal clinic used in a 4-week ambulatory rotation: a cohort study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lochnan Heather A

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Residency training takes place primarily on inpatient wards. In the absence of a resident continuity clinic, internal medicine residents rely on block rotations to learn about continuity of care. Alternate methods to introduce continuity of care are needed. Methods A web-based tool, Continuity of Care Online Simulations (COCOS, was designed for use in a one-month, postgraduate clinical rotation in endocrinology. It is an interactive tool that simulates the continuing care of any patient with a chronic endocrine disease. Twenty-three residents in internal medicine participated in a study to investigate the effects of using COCOS during a clinical rotation in endocrinology on pre-post knowledge test scores and self-assessment of confidence. Results Compared to residents who did the rotation alone, residents who used COCOS during the rotation had significantly higher improvements in test scores (% increase in pre-post test scores +21.6 [standard deviation, SD, 8.0] vs. +5.9 [SD 6.8]; p Conclusion A stand-alone web-based tool can be incorporated into an existing clinical rotation to help residents learn about continuity of care. It has the most potential to teach residents about topics that are less commonly seen during a clinical rotation. The adaptable, web-based format allows the creation of cases for most chronic medical conditions.

A controller for controlling a group of lighting devices and a method thereof

NARCIS (Netherlands)

2017-01-01

A controller (100) for controlling a group (110) of lighting devices (112, 114) is disclosed. The group (110) comprises a first lighting device (112) and a second lighting device (114). The controller (100) comprises a communication unit (102) for communicating with the first and second lighting

[A Listeria breast abscess in a man].

Science.gov (United States)

Marsaudon, E; Berthy, J; Mamoune, S; Deniel, A; Ksiyer, S; Tiuca, D

2018-03-01

Listeriosis is a food-borne illness leading to bacteriemia or central nervous system infection especially in pregnant women or high-risk patients. It is rarely a localized infection. Breast contamination has rarely been reported in lactating women. We report a breast abscess in man. A 80 year old man, hypertensive and arrhythmic, was explored for weakness and dehydration. Type 2 diabetes and chronic lymphocytic leukemia were diagnosed. Clinical examination disclosed a breast abcess related to L monocytogenes infection. Histopathological study also revealed a breast subcutaneous infiltration by chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Listeriosis sometimes uncover an unknown immunosuppression, especially in the elderly. Breast is a non-sterile tissue containing a stable microbiome partly from digestive origin. It can thereby be contaminated by Listeria. The specific cutaneous infiltrate of chronic lymphocytic leukemia can create the conditions for a local infection. Copyright © 2017 Société Nationale Française de Médecine Interne (SNFMI). Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.

Danish - a Language with a Future?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Petersen, Margrethe; Shaw, Philip

1999-01-01

A project on the use of English for academic purposes in Denmark has revealed that the academic article written in Danish may be a dying genre. Based on this finding and on observations on the use of English in Danish texts (or contexts), the future of the Danish language and of translation and i...

A Multi-area Model of a Physical Protection System for a Vulnerability Assessment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jang, Sung Soon; Yoo, Ho Sik

2008-01-01

A physical protection system (PPS) integrates people, procedures and equipment for the protection of assets or facilities against theft, sabotage or other malevolent human attacks. Among critical facilities, nuclear facilities and nuclear weapon sites require the highest level of PPS. After the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, international communities, including the IAEA, have made substantial efforts to protect nuclear material and nuclear facilities. These efforts include the Nuclear Security Fund established by the IAEA in 2002 and the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism which is launched by the USA and Russia in 2006. Without a regular assessment, the PPS might waste valuable resources on unnecessary protection or, worse yet, fail to provide adequate protection at critical points of a facility. Due to the complexity of protection systems, the assessment usually requires computer modeling techniques. Several Codes were developed to model and analyze a PPS. We also devised and implemented new analysis method and named it as Systematic Analysis of physical Protection Effectiveness (SAPE). A SAPE code consumes much time to analyze a PPS over a large area in detail. It is because SAPE uses meshes of an equal size for the analysis of a 2D map. The analysis is more accurate when the meshes of a smaller size are used. However, the analysis time is roughly proportional to the exponential of the number of meshes. Thus, the speed and accuracy is in a trade-off relation. In the paper, we suggest a multi-area model of a PPS for a vulnerability assessment to solve this problem. Using multi areas with different scales, we can accurately analyze a PPS near a target and can analyze it over a large area rather roughly

[Implementation of a hypertension protocol in a basic health area as a basis for a medical audit].

Science.gov (United States)

Vilaplana Vivancos, R; Tobías Ferrer, J

1994-04-15

To analyse compliance in the application of the Arterial Hypertension procedure and the level of monitoring of our hypertensive patients. To introduce quality control methodology into the Primary Care team's work systems. Observation study of a crossover type. Primary Care. Plaza Cataluña PCC, Manresa (Barcelona). Audit of 100 medical records of hypertensive patients selected by systematic random sampling from a total of 533 hypertensive patients under 70 years old. 43% of the hypertensive patients had their pressure figures adequately monitored (CI 95%: 33.3-52.7) with 4.86 average number of checks per year. Analytic blood controls were performed on 66% and urine controls on 56%. Only 34% of patients had a minimal cardiovascular investigation, while back-of-eye investigation and ECGs were performed on 44% and 49%, respectively. The arterial pressure monitoring level is acceptable. Compliance with the procedure is deficient in most complementary investigations. The periodicity of ECGs should be agreed. It is clear that patients for whom compliance with the procedure is most deficient are those who have fewer arterial pressure recordings as well as those receiving no drugs treatment. New objectives are proposed. Lastly, corrective measures are suggested, with a reassessment after two years.

A METHOD FOR PREPARING A SUBSTRATE BY APPLYING A SAMPLE TO BE ANALYSED

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2017-01-01

The invention relates to a method for preparing a substrate (105a) comprising a sample reception area (110) and a sensing area (111). The method comprises the steps of: 1) applying a sample on the sample reception area; 2) rotating the substrate around a predetermined axis; 3) during rotation......, at least part of the liquid travels from the sample reception area to the sensing area due to capillary forces acting between the liquid and the substrate; and 4) removing the wave of particles and liquid formed at one end of the substrate. The sensing area is closer to the predetermined axis than...... the sample reception area. The sample comprises a liquid part and particles suspended therein....

Packing a cake into a box

KAUST Repository

Skopenkov, Mikhail

2011-01-01

Given a triangular cake and a box in the shape of its mirror image, how can the cake be cut into a minimal number of pieces so that it can be put into the box? The cake has icing, so we are not allowed to put it into the box upside down. V. G. Boltyansky asked this question in 1977 and showed that three pieces always suffice. In this paper we provide examples of cakes that cannot be cut into two pieces to be put into the box. This shows that three is the answer to Boltyansky's question. We also give examples of cakes which can be cut into two pieces. © THE MATHEMATICAL ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA.

Packing a cake into a box

KAUST Repository

Skopenkov, Mikhail

2011-05-01

Given a triangular cake and a box in the shape of its mirror image, how can the cake be cut into a minimal number of pieces so that it can be put into the box? The cake has icing, so we are not allowed to put it into the box upside down. V. G. Boltyansky asked this question in 1977 and showed that three pieces always suffice. In this paper we provide examples of cakes that cannot be cut into two pieces to be put into the box. This shows that three is the answer to Boltyansky\\'s question. We also give examples of cakes which can be cut into two pieces. © THE MATHEMATICAL ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA.

A tortuous route to a capable fatherhood: the experience of being a father to a child with severe haemophilia.

Science.gov (United States)

Myrin Westesson, L; Sparud-Lundin, C; Wallengren, C; Baghaei, F

2015-11-01

Haemophilia is a chronic illness that affects the whole family as the child's reactions to the illness occur in interaction with the parents. Limited research has been conducted on how fathers of children with haemophilia experience their life situation. The aim of this study was to describe the lived experience of being a father to a child with severe haemophilia. Individual, qualitative interviews were conducted with 14 fathers of 17 children with severe Haemophilia A. Data were analysed by means of a phenomenological hermeneutic method, including naïve reading, structural analysis and comprehensive interpretation. The results revealed that the fathers gradually grew into fatherhood through a process that can be explained in the metaphor, 'A tortuous road to a capable fatherhood'. The fathers experienced sorrow, powerlessness, concern and loss of a regular fatherhood after the child's diagnosis. The loss of an envisaged fatherhood emerged as the greatest sorrow of being a father to a child with haemophilia. When home treatment with factor concentrates functioned without the involvement of Health Care Personal (HCP), the fathers' sense of insufficiency decreased. A sense of being a capable father was associated with a sense of independence and control of one's life situation. Support from the Haemophilia Treatment Centre (HTC) in the learning process is essential for both parents of a child with severe haemophilia. Awareness of the fathers' struggle to feel capable is also vital while supporting the family in the first years after diagnosis. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

A common energy strategy: a key to a reinforced political Europe?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pierret, Christian

2013-01-01

With the Coal and Steel Community, energy was at the root of the creation of the European Union. Sixty years later, the energy question remains at the heart of member States' concerns, but a real common policy remains to be set up. The political and economic future of Europe is indissociable from energy challenges. To meet them, pragmatism has to carry the day over emotion. And France has to play a major role in this major venture. (authors)

A study on a nano-scale materials simulation using a PC cluster

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Choi, Deok Kee; Ryu, Han Kyu

2002-01-01

Not a few scientists have paid attention to application of molecular dynamics to chemistry, biology and physics. With recent popularity of nano technology, nano-scale analysis has become a major subject in various engineering fields. A underlying nano scale analysis is based on classical molecular theories representing molecular dynamics. Based on Newton's law of motions of particles, the movement of each particles is to be determined by numerical integrations. As the size of computation is closely related with the number of molecules, materials simulation takes up huge amount of computer resources so that it is not until recent days that the application of molecular dynamics to materials simulations draw some attention from many researchers. Thanks to high-performance computers, materials simulation via molecular dynamics looks promising. In this study, a PC cluster consisting of multiple commodity PCs is established and nano scale materials simulations are carried out. Micro-sized crack propagation inside a nano material is displayed by the simulation

Ciencia: Nivel A (Science: Level A).

Science.gov (United States)

Duron, Dolores; And Others

A teacher's manual was developed for an elementary level science course in Spanish as part of an immersion program for English speaking children. The Level A manual is designed for kindergarten and grade 1 pupils. The five units cover the basic concepts of the weather, colors, animals, plants, and the five senses. Each unit includes vocabulary,…

Broadcasting a message in a parallel computer

Science.gov (United States)

Berg, Jeremy E [Rochester, MN; Faraj, Ahmad A [Rochester, MN

2011-08-02

Methods, systems, and products are disclosed for broadcasting a message in a parallel computer. The parallel computer includes a plurality of compute nodes connected together using a data communications network. The data communications network optimized for point to point data communications and is characterized by at least two dimensions. The compute nodes are organized into at least one operational group of compute nodes for collective parallel operations of the parallel computer. One compute node of the operational group assigned to be a logical root. Broadcasting a message in a parallel computer includes: establishing a Hamiltonian path along all of the compute nodes in at least one plane of the data communications network and in the operational group; and broadcasting, by the logical root to the remaining compute nodes, the logical root's message along the established Hamiltonian path.

A flowsheet for a wave power unit

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sobierajski, E.; Kasperowicz, Z.

1984-01-01

A flowsheet is examined for a wave power unit designed to produce electricity, for flooding or drying a coastal zone, cleaning or protecting water areas of ports from sand deposits. The unit includes a vertical cylinder attached to the sea floor with input and output water ducts and valves. The cylinder has a rod with piston that is actuated through a flexible cable by float arranged next to the cylinder. The water injected under pressure into the pressure pipe can be used directly or as an intermediate energy source.

A case of a temporal bone meningioma presenting as a serous otitis media

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nicolay, Simon; De Foer, Bert; Bernaerts, Anja; Van Dinther, Joost; Parizel, Paul M

2014-01-01

We report the imaging features of a case of a temporal bone meningioma extending into the middle ear cavity and clinically presenting as a serous otitis media. Temporal bone meningioma extending in the mastoid or the middle ear cavity, however, is very rare. In case of unexplained or therapy-resistant serous otitis media and a nasopharyngeal tumor being ruled out, a temporal bone computed tomography (CT) should be performed. If CT findings are suggestive of a temporal bone meningioma, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination with gadolinium will confirm diagnosis and show the exact extension of the lesion

A fatal impaling injury in a road traffic accident: a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Rautji, R; Girdhar, S; Lalwani, S; Dogra, T D

2004-04-01

A 17-year old, thin-built male was sitting in a bus on the right side of the rear seat. The same side of the bus accidentally hit some iron rods, meant for construction work, projecting from the tail end of a small truck. The incident happened when the bus driver tried to manoeuvre the bus towards the left side of the truck, standing at a red traffic light intersection. One of the iron-rods entered the bus through the glass window next to which the victim had been sitting and penetrated his chest cavity from the side, lacerating both the lungs and exiting through the left shoulder blade. The individual died on his way to hospital.

Autonomía y heteronomía

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

González Marín, Carmen

2004-06-01

Full Text Available This essay deals with the autonomy/heteronomy dichotomy, that is not equal but is alike the well known one autonomy/authenticity. And its plausible deconstruction is also parallel. I examine the topic that the autonomy presupposes a form of authenticity or, in other terms, that universalism is also a kind of contextualism, in a sense that we only will read or judge actions the same way, because -or when- we belong to a community of autonomous individuals, of universalists. On one hand, it is necessary trying to articulate universalism as something more than wishful thinking, and, at the same time, fighting against relativism or moral skepticism. If we do not want to have recourse to a transcendental argument, we have to think in much more modest terms, which would be necessary to describe this way: Opposite to a kind of transparency of the contexts or its opened character, we have to tend to close the contexts, to consider them as a whole, with the «lack of competence» that its opacity brings out -and our opacity, incidentally -. Transparency derives from the universality of judgement, and conversely. To be a moral subject requires the plasticity to act in opaque contexts and to take in charge it and its consequences.

Este ensayo trata de la oposición autonomía/heteronomía, oposición que no es igual pero se asemeja a autonomía/ autenticidad. Y su plausible deconstrucción es también paralela. Se examina la posibilidad de tomar la autonomía como aquello que presupone una forma de autenticidad o, en otros términos, el universalismo como un modo de contextualismo, desde el momento en que sólo leeremos o juzgaremos acciones como si todos tuvieran que hacerlo de la misma manera, porque -o cuando- pertenecemos a una comunidad de individuos autónomos, de universalistas. Por una parte, es necesario tratar de articular el universalismo como algo más que una expectativa optimista, y al mismo tiempo luchar contra el

Huperzine A as a neuroprotective and antiepileptic drug: a review of preclinical research.

Science.gov (United States)

Damar, U; Gersner, R; Johnstone, J T; Schachter, S; Rotenberg, A

2016-06-01

Huperzine A (HupA) is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor extracted from Huperzia Serrata, a firmoss, which has been used for various diseases in traditional Chinese medicine for fever and inflammation. More recently, it has been used in Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia with a presumed mechanism of action via central nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. HupA is marketed as a dietary supplement in the U.S. This article reviews newly proposed neuroprotective and anticonvulsant HupA properties based on animal studies. HupA exerts its effects mainly via α7nAChRs and α4β2nAChRs, thereby producing a potent anti-inflammatory response by decreasing IL-1β, TNF-α protein expression, and suppressing transcriptional activation of NF-κB signaling. Thus, it provides protection from excitotoxicity and neuronal death as well as increase in GABAergic transmission associated with anticonvulsant activity.

Risk-Based Decision Making in a Scientific Issue: A Study of Teachers Discussing a Dilemma through a Microworld

Science.gov (United States)

Levinson, Ralph; Kent, Phillip; Pratt, David; Kapadia, Ramesh; Yogui, Cristina

2012-01-01

Risk has now become a feature of science curricula in many industrialized countries. While risk is conceptualized within a number of different theoretical frameworks, the predominant model used in examination specifications is a utility model in which risk calculations are deemed to be objective through technical expert assessment and where the…

"Making an Impact": A Profile of a Business Planning Competition in a University

Science.gov (United States)

Jones, Amanda; Jones, Paul

2011-01-01

Purpose: This paper aims to explore the issues experienced in the delivery of a business challenge to a cohort of business undergraduate students at the University of Glamorgan. The challenge involved initiating and running a "real" business and returning a profit within a week. The students worked in groups of up to eight and were given…

A Novel Algorithm for Determining Contact Area Between a Respirator and a Headform

OpenAIRE

Lei, Zhipeng; Yang, James; Zhuang, Ziqing

2014-01-01

The contact area, as well as the contact pressure, is created when a respiratory protection device (a respirator or surgical mask) contacts a human face. A computer-based algorithm for determining the contact area between a headform and N95 filtering facepiece respirator (FFR) was proposed. Six N95 FFRs were applied to five sizes of standard headforms (large, medium, small, long/narrow, and short/wide) to simulate respirator donning. After the contact simulation between a headform and an N95 ...

A note on a functional inequality

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Horst Alzer

1992-01-01

Full Text Available We prove: If r1,…,rk are (fixed positive real numbers with ∏j=1krj>1, then the only entire solutions φ:ℂ→ℂ of the functional inequality∏j=1k|φ(rjz|≥(∏j=1krj|φ(z|kare φ(z=czn, where c is a complex number and n is a positive integer.

Parenting a Child with a Learning Disability: A Qualitative Approach

Science.gov (United States)

Fernández-Alcántara, Manuel; Correa-Delgado, Cayetana; Muñoz, Ángela; Salvatierra, María Teresa; Fuentes-Hélices, Tadeo; Laynez-Rubio, Carolina

2017-01-01

The present study describes experiences associated with parenting children diagnosed with learning disabilities. Parents whose children were diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, dyslexia/language problems, and Asperger syndrome, related to poor performance at school, took part in the study. A qualitative study design was…

Da esperança a crise : a experiencia das politicas regionais no Nordeste

OpenAIRE

Fernanda Ferrario de Carvalho

2001-01-01

Resumo:Este trabalho faz uma análise da experiência das políticas regionais no Nordeste do Brasil (através de seus planos, programas e propostas), nos últimos 40 anos, e de seus desdobramentos sobre a economia e a sociedade nordestinas. A partir de uma breve retrospectiva sobre a ocupação do espaço econômico nordestino, analisa-se o processo de articulação com o mercado nacional e a ascensão do capital industrial, até a emergência da problemática regional no País, que culmina com a criação da...

ECONOMÍA DE LA CULTURA: ECONOMÍA DE LA CULTURA EN ESPAÑA

OpenAIRE

MARTINEZ-RODRIGUEZ, SUSANA

2016-01-01

ÍNDICE. ECONOMÍA DE LA CULTURA EN ESPAÑA 1.Cultura y Economía: ¿un tándem inevitable? 2.Marco de las estadísticas culturales en España. 2.1.Producción de las estadísticas culturales en España: Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. 2.2.Producción de las estadísticas culturales en España: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE): sociedad, cultura y ocio. 2.3.Producción de las estadísticas culturales en España: otros. 3. Evolución del empleo cultural. 4. Evolución de...

Locating a tree in a phylogenetic network

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Iersel, van L.J.J.; Semple, C.; Steel, M.A.

2010-01-01

Phylogenetic trees and networks are leaf-labelled graphs that are used to describe evolutionary histories of species. The Tree Containment problem asks whether a given phylogenetic tree is embedded in a given phylogenetic network. Given a phylogenetic network and a cluster of species, the Cluster

A feasibility study of a neutrino source based on a muon storage ring

CERN Document Server

Finley, D

2001-01-01

We present the results of a study commissioned by the Fermilab Director on the feasibility of an intense neutrino source, based on a muon storage ring. Muon colliders have been discussed as an alternate route to very high-energy lepton colliders. As a by-product, such a collider would produce very intense neutrino beams because of the decaying muons circulating in the storage ring. In a dedicated storage ring, these neutrino beams could be produced in long straight sections which would point towards long, medium or short baseline detectors, opening up a whole new class of neutrino physics experiments because of the enormous neutrino flux that, in principle, could be achieved in such a facility as compared to more standard fixed target sources. Intense pion sources in combination with powerful emittance cooling strategies for the comparatively large muon emittance are necessary to make this type of neutrino source as well as a muon collider, feasible for a possible future high energy physics facility. The Neut...

A randomized controlled trial of a telehealth parenting intervention: A mixed-disability trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Hinton, Sharon; Sheffield, Jeanie; Sanders, Matthew R; Sofronoff, Kate

2017-06-01

The quality of parenting a child receives has a major impact on development, wellbeing and future life opportunities. This study examined the efficacy of Triple P Online - Disability (TPOL-D) a telehealth intervention for parents of children with a disability. Ninety-eight parents and carers of children aged 2-12 years diagnosed with a range of developmental, intellectual and physical disabilities were randomly assigned to either the intervention (51) or treatment-as-usual (47) control group. At post-intervention parents receiving the TPOL-D intervention demonstrated significant improvements in parenting practices and parenting self-efficacy, however a significant change in parent-reported child behavioral and emotional problems was not detected. At 3-month follow up intervention gains were maintained and/or enhanced. A significant decrease in parent-reported child behavioral and emotional problems was also detected at this time. The results indicate that TPOL-D is a promising telehealth intervention for a mixed-disability group. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

a tensor theory of gravitation in a curved metric on a flat background

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Drummond, J.E.

1979-01-01

A theory of gravity is proposed using a tensor potential for the field on a flat metric. This potential cannot be isolated by local observations, but some details can be deduced from measurements at a distance. The requirement that the field equations for the tensor potential shall be deducible from an action integral, that the action and field equations are gauge invariant, and, conversely, that the Lagrangian in the action integral can be integrated from the field equations leads to Einstein's field equations. The requirement that the field energy-momentum tensor exists leads to a constraint on the tensor potential. If the constraint is a differential gauge condition, then it can only be the Hilbert condition giving a unique background tensor, metric tensor and tensor potential. For a continuous field inside a solid sphere the metric must be homogeneous in the spatial coordinates, and the associated field energy-momentum tensor has properties consistent with Newtonian dynamics. (author)

Does a loan to a bank qualify as a ’deposit’?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Werlauff, Erik

2011-01-01

that deposits from provincial, regional, local and municipal authorities are included in the definition of deposit – provided that they fulfill the other requirements in the definition, i.e. that they come up to the definition “any credit balance which results from funds left in an account or from temporary...... from funds left in an account’. It finally concludes that it makes no difference when interpreting the definition ‘deposit’ in the sense of Article 1(1) of the Directive where the de-posits were made directly by the depositor/investor, or indirectly through an agent who had screened the market for bank......The article deals with the definition of ’deposit’ in Directive 94/19/EC, the Deposit Guarantee Directive, as amended by Directive 2009/14/EC. It is closer examined in the article to what extent a loan to a bank qualifis as a ’deposit’ in connection with the directive. The article concludes...

A new viewpoint: running a nonprofit brain bank as a business.

Science.gov (United States)

Rademaker, Sonja H M; Huitinga, Inge

2018-01-01

It has become clear over the past decades that studying postmortem human brain tissue is one of the most effective ways to increase our knowledge of the pathogenesis and etiology of neuropathologic and psychiatric diseases. Many breakthroughs in neuroscience have depended on the availability of human brain tissue. However, the process of brain banking presents many different challenges, including the high cost that is associated with collecting the samples and with providing the diagnostics, storage, and distribution. Funding is generally from research and facility grants and donations but all are irregular, uncertain, and only cover the costs for a determined period of time. For professional brain banks with extensive prospective donor programs and that are open-access it can be very beneficial to draft a business plan to achieve long-term sustainability. Such a business plan should identify the interests of the stakeholders and address the implementation of cost efficiency and cost recovery systems. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A sesenta años de la antropología en Chile

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Milka Castro Lucic

2014-06-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se presenta la historia de la antropología en Chile desde los precursores que llegan a Chile desde Europa en el siglo XIX. Se caracterizan cuatro etapas de su desarrollo: la iniciación destacando los aportes de los precursores, su institucionalización como una disciplina de formación académica universitaria, el impacto del golpe y dictadura militar en las universidades y sus efectos en la consolidación académica, orientaciones teóricas, y campo profesional. Las fuentes de este escrito provienen de revisión bibliográfica sobre la historia de la antropología y entrevistas a colegas de diferentes universidades del país

A Reverse Shock in GRB 160509A

Science.gov (United States)