WorldWideScience

Sample records for aca supplementation strain

  1. Performance of the auxotrophic Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 as host for the production of IL-1β in aerated fed-batch reactor: role of ACA supplementation, strain viability, and maintenance energy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zueco Jesus

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 is an auxotrophic commonly used strain. In this work it has been used as host for the expression and secretion of human interleukin-1β (IL1β, using the cell wall protein Pir4 as fusion partner. To achieve high cell density and, consequently, high product yield, BY4741 [PIR4-IL1β] was cultured in an aerated fed-batch reactor, using a defined mineral medium supplemented with casamino acids as ACA (auxotrophy-complementing amino acid source. Also the S. cerevisiae mutant BY4741 Δyca1 [PIR4-IL1β], carrying the deletion of the YCA1 gene coding for a caspase-like protein involved in the apoptotic response, was cultured in aerated fed-batch reactor and compared to the parental strain, to test the effect of this mutation on strain robustness. Viability of the producer strains was examined during the runs and a mathematical model, which took into consideration the viable biomass present in the reactor and the glucose consumption for both growth and maintenance, was developed to describe and explain the time-course evolution of the process for both, the BY4741 parental and the BY4741 Δyca1 mutant strain. Results Our results show that the concentrations of ACA in the feeding solution, corresponding to those routinely used in the literature, are limiting for the growth of S. cerevisiae BY4741 [PIR4-IL1β] in fed-batch reactor. Even in the presence of a proper ACA supplementation, S. cerevisiae BY4741 [PIR4-IL1β] did not achieve a high cell density. The Δyca1 deletion did not have a beneficial effect on the overall performance of the strain, but it had a clear effect on its viability, which was not impaired during fed-batch operations, as shown by the kd value (0.0045 h-1, negligible if compared to that of the parental strain (0.028 h-1. However, independently of their robustness, both the parental and the Δyca1 mutant ceased to grow early during fed-batch runs, both strains using most of the

  2. Falla cardíaca (primera parte)

    OpenAIRE

    Flórez Alarcón, Noel Alberto; Fundación Valle de Lili

    2006-01-01

    Anatomía y función del corazón/¿Qué es la falla cardíaca?/Causas de falla cardíaca/¿Cómo prevenir la falla cardíaca?/¿Qué es un factor de riesgo?/¿Cuáles son los síntomas y signos de la falla cardiaca?/¿Cómo se diagnostica la falla cardiaca?

  3. Insuficiencia cardíaca y diabetes

    OpenAIRE

    Jorge Thierer

    2006-01-01

    La prevalencia de la insuficiencia cardíaca y la diabetes continúa creciendo. Ambas están fuertemente asociadas. La diabetes es un fuerte predictor de aparición de insuficiencia cardíaca. Las razones son la presencia de enfermedad coronaria y los trastornos metabólicos vinculados con la resistencia a la insulina que generan disfunción contráctil. Los pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca que son diabéticos tienen peor evolución. Los Betabloqueantes, vasodilatadores y los inhibidores de la en...

  4. Insuficiencia cardíaca y diabetes

    OpenAIRE

    Thierer, Jorge

    2006-01-01

    La prevalencia de la insuficiencia cardíaca y la diabetes continúa creciendo. Ambas están fuertemente asociadas. La diabetes es un fuerte predictor de aparición de insuficiencia cardíaca. Las razones son la presencia de enfermedad coronaria y los trastornos metabólicos vinculados con la resistencia a la insulina que generan disfunción contráctil. Los pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca que son diabéticos tienen peor evolución. Los betabloqueantes vasodilatadores y los inhibidores de la enzim...

  5. Tryptophan provision by dietary supplementation of a Bacillus subtilis mutant strain in piglets

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Torres-Pitarch, A; Nielsen, B.; Canibe, Nuria

    2015-01-01

    Supplementing Bacillus (B.) subtilis mutants selected to overproduce a specific amino acid (AA) may be an alternative method to provide essential AA in pig diets. Two experiments on a B. subtilis strain selected to overproduce Trp were conducted using 8-kg pigs fed Trp-deficient diets for 20 d. B....... subtilis were supplied in a low or high dose in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. The Trp-deficient diet (0.15 SID Trp:Lys) reduced (p subtilis strain was not able...... to counterbalance the Trp deficiency in any of the two experiments. No effect of B. subtilis supplementation to piglet diets was observed on the plasma AA profile. In conclusion, this mutant strain of B. subtilis was not able to compensate a Trp deficiency in the tested doses....

  6. Purification and characterization of thermophilin T, a novel bacteriocin produced by Streptococcus thermophilus ACA-DC 0040

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Aktypis, A.; Kalantzopoulos, G.; Huis Veld,in't J.H.J.; Brink, B. ten

    1998-01-01

    ACA-DC 0040 produced an antimicrobial agent, which was named thermophilin T, active against several lactic acid bacteria strains of different species and food spoilage bacteria, such as Clostridium sporogenes C22/10 and Cl. tyrobutyricum NCDO-1754. The crude antimicrobial compound is sensitive to

  7. Complete Genome Sequence of the Yogurt Isolate Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus ACA-DC 87.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alexandraki, Voula; Kazou, Maria; Pot, Bruno; Tsakalidou, Effie; Papadimitriou, Konstantinos

    2017-08-24

    Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus is widely used in the production of yogurt and cheese. In this study, we present the complete genome sequence of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus ACA-DC 87 isolated from traditional Greek yogurt. Whole-genome analysis may reveal desirable technological traits of the strain for dairy fermentations. Copyright © 2017 Alexandraki et al.

  8. Insuficiencia cardíaca y diabetes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge Thierer

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available La prevalencia de la insuficiencia cardíaca y la diabetes continúa creciendo. Ambas están fuertemente asociadas. La diabetes es un fuerte predictor de aparición de insuficiencia cardíaca. Las razones son la presencia de enfermedad coronaria y los trastornos metabólicos vinculados con la resistencia a la insulina que generan disfunción contráctil. Los pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca que son diabéticos tienen peor evolución. Los Betabloqueantes, vasodilatadores y los inhibidores de la enzima convertidora ejercen una influencia favorable, en tanto que el uso de glitazonas todavía es controversial. La insuficiencia cardíaca puede a su vez generar diabetes, debido a la activación del sistema nervioso simpático y al efecto del tratamiento. La comprensión adecuada de estos hechos es fundamental para tomar decisiones correctas y mejorar la suerte de los pacientes.

  9. Survival, Intestinal Mucosa Adhesion, and Immunomodulatory Potential of Lactobacillus plantarum Strains.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Santarmaki, Valentini; Kourkoutas, Yiannis; Zoumpopoulou, Georgia; Mavrogonatou, Eleni; Kiourtzidis, Mikis; Chorianopoulos, Nikos; Tassou, Chrysoula; Tsakalidou, Effie; Simopoulos, Constantinos; Ypsilantis, Petros

    2017-09-01

    Survival during transit through the gastrointestinal track, intestinal mucosa adhesion, and a potential immunomodulatory effect of Lactobacillus plantarum strains 2035 and ACA-DC 2640 were investigated in a rat model. According to microbiological and multiplex PCR analysis, both strains were detected in feces 24 h after either single-dose or daily administration for 7 days. Intestinal mucosa adhesion of L. plantarum 2035 was noted in the large intestine at 24 h after single-dose administration, while it was not detected at 48 h. Daily dosing, prolonged detection of the strain up to 48 h post-administration, and expanded adhesion to the small intestine. Adhesion of L. plantarum ACA-DC 2640 to the intestinal mucosa after single-dose administration was prolonged and more extended compared to L. plantarum 2035. Daily dosing increased both the levels and the rate of positive cultures of the strains compared to those of the single-dose scheme. In addition, both strains increased total IgG while decreased IgM and IgA serum levels. In conclusion, L. plantarum 2035 and L. plantarum ACA-DC 2640 survived transit through the gastrointestinal track, exhibited transient distinct adhesion to the intestinal mucosa and modulated the systemic immune response.

  10. Interactions between Candida albicans and Candida glabrata in biofilms: Influence of the strain type, culture medium and glucose supplementation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hosida, Thayse Yumi; Cavazana, Thamires Priscila; Henriques, Mariana; Pessan, Juliano Pelim; Delbem, Alberto Carlos Botazzo; Monteiro, Douglas Roberto

    2018-04-01

    The relationship among Candida species may be influenced by several factors. Thus, this study evaluated the interactions between Candida albicans and Candida glabrata in biofilms, varying the strain type, culture medium and glucose supplementation. Biofilms were formed for 48 hours in Sabouraud dextrose broth (SDB) or RPMI 1640, supplemented with 0%, 1% or 5% glucose. Each strain of C. albicans was combined with two strains of C. glabrata, generating four biofilm associations, which were quantified by colony-forming units (CFUs), total biomass and metabolic activity. Data were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (α = 0.05). For CFUs, all associations were classified as indifferent for biofilms formed in RPMI 1640, while for SDB the interactions were antagonistic for C. albicans and indifferent for C. glabrata. The association of reference strains resulted in a dual-species biofilm with biomass significantly higher than that observed for each single biofilm developed in SDB. The metabolic activity of dual-species biofilms did not significantly differ from that found for single ones, except for co-culture of the reference strains. Glucose supplementation and culture media had a significant influence on all parameters. In conclusion, the strain type, culture medium and glucose supplementation influenced the interactions between C. albicans and C. glabrata. © 2017 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

  11. Affordable Care Act (ACA)

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Affordable Care Act (ACA) is a federal statute enacted with a goal of increasing the quality and affordability of health insurance. Through a web service, CMS...

  12. Signature of MoU between CERN and Australian Collaboration for Accelerator Science (ACAS); Roger Rassool, ACAS Director; Mark Boland, ACAS Deputy Director; Jean-Pierre Delahaye, CLIC Project Leader; in the presence of Rolf Heuer, Director-General and Emmanuel Tsesmelis, Adviser for Australia

    CERN Multimedia

    Maximilien Brice

    2010-01-01

    Signature of MoU between CERN and Australian Collaboration for Accelerator Science (ACAS); Roger Rassool, ACAS Director; Mark Boland, ACAS Deputy Director; Jean-Pierre Delahaye, CLIC Project Leader; in the presence of Rolf Heuer, Director-General and Emmanuel Tsesmelis, Adviser for Australia

  13. Falla cardíaca aguda

    OpenAIRE

    Sénior Sánchez, Juan Manuel; Gándara Ricardo, Jairo Alfonso

    2015-01-01

    Se presenta el caso clínico de una mujer de 26 años de edad, que acudió al Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación (Medellín) con síntomas y signos de falla cardíaca aguda y diagnóstico previo de falla cardíaca crónica con fracción de expulsión disminuida, de origen no claro, tromboembolismo pulmonar y ataque cerebrovascular isquémico, sin modulación neurohormonal óptima. Ingresó a la institución con hallazgos clínicos de sobrecarga hídrica y baja perfusión tisular, con requerimiento de ...

  14. How Have Health Insurers Performed Financially Under the ACA' Market Rules?

    Science.gov (United States)

    McCue, Michael J; Hall, Mark A

    2017-10-01

    The Affordable Care Act (ACA) transformed the market for individual health insurance, so it is not surprising that insurers' transition was not entirely smooth. Insurers, with no previous experience under these market conditions, were uncertain how to price their products. As a result, they incurred significant losses. Based on this experience, some insurers have decided to leave the ACA’s subsidized market, although others appear to be thriving. Examine the financial performance of health insurers selling through the ACA's marketplace exchanges in 2015--the market’s most difficult year to date. Analysis of financial data for 2015 reported by insurers from 48 states and D.C. to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Although health insurers were profitable across all lines of business, they suffered a 10 percent loss in 2015 on their health plans sold through the ACA's exchanges. The top quarter of the ACA exchange market was comfortably profitable, while the bottom quarter did much worse than the ACA market average. This indicates that some insurers were able to adapt to the ACA's new market rules much better than others, suggesting the ACA's new market structure is sustainable, if supported properly by administrative policy.

  15. ACA and the Triple Aim: Musings of a Health Care Actuary.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McCarthy, Mac

    2015-01-01

    In 2008, the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) promulgated the Triple Aim, which advocates simultaneous improvements in patient experiences, improved population health and lower cost per capita. In 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) promised quality, affordable health care for all Americans. It's fair to assume that the framers of ACA were aware of the Triple Aim, and it is likely that much of ACA was heavily influenced by IHI's positions. So it is reasonable, from time to time, to assess ACA's impact on health care against the Triple Aim principles.

  16. Promoting Systemic Change through the ACA Advocacy Competencies

    Science.gov (United States)

    Toporek, Rebecca L.; Lewis, Judith A.; Crethar, Hugh C.

    2009-01-01

    In 2003, the American Counseling Association (ACA) adopted the ACA Advocacy Competencies (J. A. Lewis, M. S. Arnold, R. House, & R. L. Toporek, 2002) to provide guidance to counselors and acknowledge advocacy as an ethical aspect of service to clients. This article provides a foundation for this special section by sharing a historical perspective…

  17. Comparative Analysis of ACAS-Xu and DAIDALUS Detect-and-Avoid Systems

    Science.gov (United States)

    Davies, Jason T.; Wu, Minghong G.

    2018-01-01

    The Detect and Avoid (DAA) capability of a recent version (Run 3) of the Airborne Collision Avoidance System-Xu (ACAS-Xu) is measured against that of the Detect and AvoID Alerting Logic for Unmanned Systems (DAIDALUS), a reference algorithm for the Phase 1 Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) for DAA. This comparative analysis of the two systems' alerting and horizontal guidance outcomes is conducted through the lens of the Detect and Avoid mission using flight data of scripted encounters from a recent flight test. Results indicate comparable timelines and outcomes between ACAS-Xu's Remain Well Clear alert and guidance and DAIDALUS's corrective alert and guidance, although ACAS-Xu's guidance appears to be more conservative. ACAS-Xu's Collision Avoidance alert and guidance occurs later than DAIDALUS's warning alert and guidance, and overlaps with DAIDALUS's timeline of maneuver to remain Well Clear. Interesting discrepancies between ACAS-Xu's directive guidance and DAIDALUS's "Regain Well Clear" guidance occur in some scenarios.

  18. Entrenamiento físico en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Barbara Fletcher, RN, MN, FAAN

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available La insuficiencia cardíaca constituye una prioridad esencial en el ámbito de la salud, tanto en Norteamérica como en Sud-américa, donde incluso se llega a las hospitalizaciones cuando el diagnóstico principal presenta condiciones graves. Hay una relación directamente proporcional entre prevalencia de insuficiencia cardíaca y edad. Sin embargo, la mortalidad por insuficiencia cardíaca está en declinación debido a los avances médicos, administración de medicamentos, e intervenciones no farmacológicas. Una de estas intervenciones es, el entrenamiento físico o el ejercicio, los cuales están siendo ampliamente aceptados por la comunidad médica como una opción viable en el manejo médico de pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca permanente. Tanto los ejercicios aeróbicos como de fuerza han demostrado ser eficaces en este tipo de pacientes. Actualmente la evidencia no sólo respalda el ejercicio para mejorar o mantener la función física en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca, sino también la calidad de vida en general. Muchos estudios han demostrado que el ejercicio en la población mejora el carácter de las personas y el bienestar general reconocido por ellas mismas. Aunque los beneficios al miocardio producidos por el ejercicio pueden ser mínimos en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca, los beneficios periféricos que dan como resultado una mejor capacidad física y la conservación de la independencia son muy significativos. Basados en la evidencia científica existente en el ámbito del ejercicio y la insuficiencia cardíaca, los médicos que trabajan con esta población tienen la información necesaria para recomendar prescripciones de ejercicios. Actualmente, diversas declaraciones de puntos de vista médicos confirman el ejercicio como una modalidad segura y efectiva para pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca.

  19. C??lulas madre en terapia celular card??aca

    OpenAIRE

    Lobo Gonz??lez, Manuel

    2013-01-01

    La enfermedad cardiovascular, y su frecuente resultado final, el fallo card??aco del ventr??culo izquierdo, son la principal causa de morbimortalidad en los pa??ses desarrollados. La investigaci??n con c??lulas madre podr??a regenerar una variedad de c??lulas que incluye a los cardiomiocitos. Se han utilizado diferentes fuentes celulares para la terapia regenerativa card??aca, incluyendo c??lulas madre card??acas, mioblastos de m??sculo esquel??tico, c??lulas madre derivadas de la...

  20. Cardiopatias congênitas e malformações extracardíacas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosana Cardoso M. Rosa

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Revisar a associação entre cardiopatias congênitas e malformações extracardíacas. FONTES DE DADOS: A pesquisa incluiu artigos científicos presentes nos portais Medline, Lilacs e SciELO, utilizando-se os descritores "congenital heart disease", "congenital heart defects", "congenital cardiac malformations", "extracardiac defects" e "extracardiac malformations". Foram incluídos os artigos de séries de casos que exploravam especificamente a associação entre cardiopatias congênitas e malformações extracardíacas. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: A cardiopatia congênita é responsável por cerca de 40% dos defeitos congênitos, sendo uma das malformações mais frequentes e a de maior morbimortalidade. Malformações extracardíacas são observadas em 7 a 50% dos pacientes com cardiopatia congênita, trazendo um risco ainda maior de comorbidade e mortalidade e tornando a cirurgia cardíaca mais arriscada. Diferentes estudos têm tentado avaliar a presença de anormalidades extracardíacas em pacientes portadores de cardiopatia congênita. Dentre as alterações descritas, destacam-se aquelas do trato urinário. Contudo, não houve um estudo que tenha avaliado do mesmo modo todos os pacientes. CONCLUSÕES: Anormalidades extracardíacas são frequentes em pacientes com cardiopatia congênita, sendo que os portadores de tais alterações podem apresentar um risco maior de morbimortalidade. Consequentemente, alguns autores vêm discutindo a importância e o custo-benefício da triagem destas crianças à procura de outras malformações por meio de exames complementares.

  1. Effects of copper supplement on growth and viability of strains used as starters and adjunct cultures for Emmental cheese manufacture.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rodríguez, L Mato; Alatossava, T

    2008-10-01

    To determine the effects of supplemented copper (Cu2+) on growth and viability of strains used as starters and adjunct cultures for Emmental cheese manufacture. Thirteen strains belonging to Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Streptococcus thermophilus or Propionibacterium freudenreichii species were exposed to various copper concentrations in the proper growth medium at relevant growth temperatures, and the effects of supplemented copper on bacterial growth and cell viability were determined by optical density and pH measurements, also by platings. Among the species considered, L. delbrueckii was the most copper resistant and S. thermophilus the most sensitive to copper. Anaerobic conditions increased this sensitivity significantly. There was also a considerable amount of variation in copper resistance at strain level. Copper resistance is both a species- and strain-dependent property and may reflect variability in copper-binding capacities by cell wall components among species and strains. In addition, the chemical state of copper may be involved. This study revealed that copper resistance is a highly variable property among starter and adjunct strains, and this variability should be considered when strains are selected for Emmental cheese manufacture.

  2. Advanced Connectivity Analysis (ACA): a Large Scale Functional Connectivity Data Mining Environment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Rong; Nixon, Erika; Herskovits, Edward

    2016-04-01

    Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to study functional connectivity is of great importance to understand normal development and function as well as a host of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Seed-based analysis is one of the most widely used rs-fMRI analysis methods. Here we describe a freely available large scale functional connectivity data mining software package called Advanced Connectivity Analysis (ACA). ACA enables large-scale seed-based analysis and brain-behavior analysis. It can seamlessly examine a large number of seed regions with minimal user input. ACA has a brain-behavior analysis component to delineate associations among imaging biomarkers and one or more behavioral variables. We demonstrate applications of ACA to rs-fMRI data sets from a study of autism.

  3. Application of serum anticardiolipin antibody (ACA) determination with ELISA for detection of intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chen Wen; Zhong Jianhui; Shen Junnan

    2005-01-01

    Objective: To explore the interrelationship between presence of serum ACA and development of IUGR. Methods: Serum ACA contents were examined with ELISA in 5330 apparently normal pregnant women. The placentae in 16 pregnancies with IUGR and positive ACA were examined with immunofluorescence microscopy. Results: Among the 5330 pregnant women there were 144 with positive ACA (2.70%), in whom there were 22 IUGR cases (22/144, 15.28% ). The rate of IUGR in the remaining ACA negative women was only 1.77% (92/5186), the difference being very significant (P<0.01 ). ACA IgG was positive in 5 of the IUGR neonates, All the placental tissues examined with immunofluorescence microscopy showed positive immunoglobulin fluorescence antibody and complement discoloration. Conclusion: Positive ACA is one of the causative factors of development of IUGR and determination of ACA in pregnant women was helpful for early detection of IUGR. (authors)

  4. Impact of ACA Health Reforms for People With Mental Health Conditions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Thomas, Kathleen C; Shartzer, Adele; Kurth, Noelle K; Hall, Jean P

    2018-02-01

    This brief report explores the impact of health reform for people with mental illness. The Health Reform Monitoring Survey was used to examine health insurance, access to care, and employment for 1,550 people with mental health conditions pre- and postimplementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and by state Medicaid expansion status. Multivariate logistic regressions with predictive margins were used. Post-ACA reforms, people with mental health conditions were less likely to be uninsured (5% versus 13%; t=-6.89, df=50, peffects were experienced in both Medicaid expansion and nonexpansion states. Findings underscore the importance of ACA improvements in the quality of health insurance coverage.

  5. Changes in stimulus and response AC/A ratio with vision therapy in Convergence Insufficiency.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Singh, Neeraj Kumar; Mani, Revathy; Hussaindeen, Jameel Rizwana

    To evaluate the changes in the stimulus and response Accommodative Convergence to Accommodation (AC/A) ratio following vision therapy (VT) in Convergence Insufficiency (CI). Stimulus and response AC/A ratio were measured on twenty five CI participants, pre and post 10 sessions of VT. Stimulus AC/A ratio was measured using the gradient method and response AC/A ratio was calculated using modified Thorington technique with accommodative responses measured using WAM-5500 open-field autorefractor. The gradient stimulus and response AC/A cross-link ratios were compared with thirty age matched controls. Mean age of the CI and control participants were 23.3±5.2 years and 22.7±4.2 years, respectively. The mean stimulus and response AC/A ratio for CI pre therapy was 2.2±0.72 and 6.3±2.0 PD/D that changed to 4.2±0.9 and 8.28±3.31 PD/D respectively post vision therapy and these changes were statistically significant (paired t-test; paccommodation parameters in subjects with convergence insufficiency. This represents the plasticity of the AC/A crosslink ratios that could be achieved with vision therapy in CI. Copyright © 2016 Spanish General Council of Optometry. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  6. New Mandates and Imperatives in the Revised "ACA Code of Ethics"

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kaplan, David M.; Kocet, Michael M.; Cottone, R. Rocco; Glosoff, Harriet L.; Miranti, Judith G.; Moll, E. Christine; Bloom, John W.; Bringaze, Tammy B.; Herlihy, Barbara; Lee, Courtland C.; Tarvydas, Vilia M.

    2009-01-01

    The first major revision of the "ACA Code of Ethics" in a decade occurred in late 2005, with the updated edition containing important new mandates and imperatives. This article provides interviews with members of the Ethics Revision Task Force that flesh out seminal changes in the revised "ACA Code of Ethics" in the areas of confidentiality,…

  7. Effect of Supplementation with n-3 Fatty Acids Extracted from Microalgae on Inflammation Biomarkers from Two Different Strains of Mice

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    L. E. Gutiérrez-Pliego

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Background. Diabetes mellitus is considered a chronic noncommunicable disease in which inflammation plays a main role in the progression of the disease and it is known that n-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties. One of the most recent approaches is the study of the fatty acids of microalgae as a substitute for fish oil and a source rich in fatty acids EPA and DHA. Objective. To analyze the effect of supplementation with n-3 fatty acids extracted from microalgae on the inflammatory markers from two different strains of mice. Methods. Mice of two strains, db/db and CD1, were supplemented with n-3 fatty acids extracted from microalgae in lyophilized form and added to food; the experiment was carried out from week 8 to 16 of life. Flow cytometry was performed to determine the percentage of TCD4+ cells producing Th1 and Th2 cytokines. Results. Supplementation with microalgae fatty acids decreased the percentage of TCD4+ cells producing IFN-γ and TNF-α and increased the ones producing IL-17A and IL-12 in both strains; on the other hand, supplementation decreased percentage of TCD4+ cells producing IL-4 and increased the ones producing TGF-β. Conclusions. Microalgae n-3 fatty acids could be a useful tool in the treatment of diabetes as well as in the prevention of the appearance of health complications caused by inflammatory states.

  8. Detection and Identification of Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Strains by Multiplex PCR Using RAPD-Derived Primers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Galanis, Alex; Kourkoutas, Yiannis; Tassou, Chrysoula C; Chorianopoulos, Nikos

    2015-10-22

    Lactobacillus plantarum 2035 and Lactobacillus plantarum ACA-DC 2640 are two lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains that have been isolated from Feta cheese. Both display significant potential for the production of novel probiotic food products. The aim of the present study was the development of an accurate and efficient method for the molecular detection and identification of the above strains in a single reaction. A multiplex PCR assay was designed for each strain, based on specific primers derived from Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Sequenced Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) analysis. The specificity of the assay was tested with a total of 23 different LAB strains, for L. plantarum 2035 and L. plantarum ACA-DC 2640. The multiplex PCR assay was also successfully applied for the detection of the above cultures in yogurt samples prepared in our lab. The proposed methodology may be applied for monitoring the presence of these strains in food products, thus evaluating their probiotic character. Moreover, our strategy may be adapted for other novel LAB strains with probiotic potential, thus providing a powerful tool for molecular discrimination that could be invaluable to the food industry.

  9. Detection and Identification of Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Strains by Multiplex PCR Using RAPD-Derived Primers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alex Galanis

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available Lactobacillus plantarum 2035 and Lactobacillus plantarum ACA-DC 2640 are two lactic acid bacteria (LAB strains that have been isolated from Feta cheese. Both display significant potential for the production of novel probiotic food products. The aim of the present study was the development of an accurate and efficient method for the molecular detection and identification of the above strains in a single reaction. A multiplex PCR assay was designed for each strain, based on specific primers derived from Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD Sequenced Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR analysis. The specificity of the assay was tested with a total of 23 different LAB strains, for L. plantarum 2035 and L. plantarum ACA-DC 2640. The multiplex PCR assay was also successfully applied for the detection of the above cultures in yogurt samples prepared in our lab. The proposed methodology may be applied for monitoring the presence of these strains in food products, thus evaluating their probiotic character. Moreover, our strategy may be adapted for other novel LAB strains with probiotic potential, thus providing a powerful tool for molecular discrimination that could be invaluable to the food industry.

  10. 76 FR 41263 - Notice of Intent To Award Affordable Care Act (ACA) Funding, EH10-1004

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-07-13

    ... $125,000.00 in ACA funding will be awarded to the grantee for network expansion and enhancement... Intent To Award Affordable Care Act (ACA) Funding, EH10-1004 Notice of Intent to award Affordable Care Act (ACA) funding to National Association for Public Health Statistics and Information Systems...

  11. 76 FR 41262 - Notice of Intent To Award Affordable Care Act (ACA) Funding, EH11-1103

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-07-13

    ...,000 in ACA funding will be awarded to the grantees for network expansion and enhancement. Funding is... Intent To Award Affordable Care Act (ACA) Funding, EH11-1103 Notice of Intent to award Affordable Care Act (ACA) funding to seventeen states and local health departments to develop and implement tracking...

  12. 76 FR 41261 - Notice of Intent To Award Affordable Care Act (ACA) Funding, EH10-1003

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-07-13

    ...): 93.070. Approximately $124,995.00 in ACA funding will be awarded to the grantee for network expansion... Intent To Award Affordable Care Act (ACA) Funding, EH10-1003 Notice of Intent to award Affordable Care Act (ACA) funding to National Association for Health Data Organizations (NAHDO) to continue with the...

  13. Combining native MS approaches to decipher archaeal box H/ACA ribonucleoprotein particle structure and activity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Saliou, Jean-Michel; Manival, Xavier; Tillault, Anne-Sophie; Atmanene, Cédric; Bobo, Claude; Branlant, Christiane; Van Dorsselaer, Alain; Charpentier, Bruno; Cianférani, Sarah

    2015-08-01

    Site-specific isomerization of uridines into pseudouridines in RNAs is catalyzed either by stand-alone enzymes or by box H/ACA ribonucleoprotein particles (sno/sRNPs). The archaeal box H/ACA sRNPs are five-component complexes that consist of a guide RNA and the aCBF5, aNOP10, L7Ae, and aGAR1 proteins. In this study, we performed pairwise incubations of individual constituents of archaeal box H/ACA sRNPs and analyzed their interactions by native MS to build a 2D-connectivity map of direct binders. We describe the use of native MS in combination with ion mobility-MS to monitor the in vitro assembly of the active H/ACA sRNP particle. Real-time native MS was used to monitor how box H/ACA particle functions in multiple-turnover conditions. Native MS also unambiguously revealed that a substrate RNA containing 5-fluorouridine (f(5) U) was hydrolyzed into 5-fluoro-6-hydroxy-pseudouridine (f(5) ho(6) Ψ). In terms of enzymatic mechanism, box H/ACA sRNP was shown to catalyze the pseudouridylation of a first RNA substrate, then to release the RNA product (S22 f(5) ho(6) ψ) from the RNP enzyme and reload a new substrate RNA molecule. Altogether, our native MS-based approaches provide relevant new information about the potential assembly process and catalytic mechanism of box H/ACA RNPs. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  14. Impact of cow strain and concentrate supplementation on grazing behaviour, milk yield and metabolic state of dairy cows in an organic pasture-based feeding system.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Heublein, C; Dohme-Meier, F; Südekum, K-H; Bruckmaier, R M; Thanner, S; Schori, F

    2017-07-01

    As ruminants are able to digest fibre efficiently and assuming that competition for feed v. food use would intensify in the future, cereals and other field crops should primarily be destined to cover the dietary needs of humans and monogastric animals such as poultry and pigs. Farming systems with a reduced or absent concentrate supplementation, as postulated by organic agriculture associations, require adapted dairy cows. The aim of this experiment was to examine the impact of concentrate supplementation on milk production, grazing and rumination behaviour, feed intake, physical activity and blood traits with two Holstein-Friesian cow strains and to conclude the consequences for sustainable and organic farming. The experiment was a cross-over study and took place on an organic farm in Switzerland. In all, 12 Swiss Holstein-Friesian (HCH) cows and 12 New Zealand Holstein-Friesian (HNZ) cows, which were paired according to lactation number, days in milk and age for primiparous cows, were used. All cows grazed full time and were supplemented either with 6 kg/day of a commercial, organic cereal-grain mix or received no supplement. After an adaptation period of 21 days, a measurement period of 7 days followed, where milk yield and composition, pasture dry matter intake estimated with the n-alkane double-indicator technique, physical activity based on pedometer measurements, grazing behaviour recorded by automatic jaw movement recorder and blood samples were investigated. Non-supplemented cows had a lower milk yield and supplemented HCH cows produced more milk than supplemented HNZ cows. Grazing time and physical activity were greater for non-supplemented cows. Supplementation had no effect on rumination behaviour, but HNZ cows spent longer ruminating compared with HCH cows. Pasture dry matter intake decreased with the concentrate supplementation. Results of blood analysis did not indicate a strong negative energy balance for either non-supplemented or supplemented cows

  15. First impressions: geographic variation in media messages during the first phase of ACA implementation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gollust, Sarah E; Barry, Colleen L; Niederdeppe, Jeff; Baum, Laura; Fowler, Erika Franklin

    2014-12-01

    Many Americans will learn about the implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) through the mass media. We examined geographic variation in the volume and content of mass media during the initial two-week rollout of the new health insurance marketplaces in October 2013 across 210 US media markets, using data from the Wesleyan Media Project. We found substantial geographic variation in the volume and tone of insurance product advertisements, political advertisements, and news coverage of the ACA marketplaces. News coverage of the ACA airing in media markets located in states operating federal or partnership marketplaces was more negative than coverage airing in markets located in states running their own marketplaces. Intrastate variation in media volume and content was also substantial and appears distinguishable from the local political climate. Variation in exposure to media messages likely affects public sentiment regarding the ACA and could contribute to geographic differences in insurance enrollment and public perceptions of US health care options. Researchers and policy makers evaluating the implementation of the ACA-and insurance enrollment in the marketplaces in particular-should consider addressing media influences. Copyright © 2014 by Duke University Press.

  16. Engenharia de tecidos: válvulas cardíacas

    OpenAIRE

    Alves, Ana Rita Carvalho

    2013-01-01

    Dissertação de mestrado em Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, apresentada à Universidade de Coimbra. As doenças cardiovasculares são uma fonte de preocupação dado que são responsáveis por cerca de 30% da mortalidade a nível global. Uma das causas para esta tão elevada percentagem é a disfunção das válvulas cardíacas (aórtica, pulmonar, mitral e tricúspide). O funcionamento fisiológico normal das válvulas cardíacas é responsável pela unidirecionalidade do fluxo de sangue através das...

  17. Estrategias en la prevención de la insuficiencia cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vukasovig R. José Luis, MD, FACC

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available Aproximadamente 1 a 2% de la población adulta tiene insuficiencia cardíaca, llegando a valores sobre el 10% en mayores de 70 años de edad. Una adecuada estrategia en la prevención de la Insuficiencia Cardíaca implica tener un manejo precoz en aquellas etiologías que la producen tales como: hipertensión arterial, enfermedad coronaria, valvulopatías y miocardiopatías. La hipertensión arterial es la primera causa de insuficiencia cardíaca en Chile y se expresa principalmente a través de hipertrofia ventricular izquierda y disfunción diastólica. La enfermedad coronaria genera insuficiencia cardíaca por medio de infarto al miocardio y la isquemia miocárdica sostenida (tejido hibernado, para evitar el compromiso ventricular deben controlarse rigurosamente los factores de riesgo de enfermedad coronaria. En caso de presentarse una obstrucción coronaria aguda se debe reestablecer el flujo coronario a la brevedad para disminuir la necrosis de miocitos. Actualmente las valvulopatías están siendo intervenidas cada vez más precozmente con el fin de evitar la remodelación ventricular patológica irreversible. En relación a las miocardiopatías se debe enfatizar en la necesidad de una detección precoz de la toxicidad por drogas antineoplásicas (ej antraciclinas, del mismo modo debemos preocuparnos de factores emergentes que conducen a insuficiencia cardíaca, ejemplo obesidad.

  18. Changes in stimulus and response AC/A ratio with vision therapy in Convergence Insufficiency

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Neeraj Kumar Singh

    2017-07-01

    Conclusions: Stimulus and response AC/A ratio increased following VT, accompanied by clinically significant changes in vergence and accommodation parameters in subjects with convergence insufficiency. This represents the plasticity of the AC/A crosslink ratios that could be achieved with vision therapy in CI.

  19. A search for H/ACA snoRNAs in yeast using MFE secondary structure prediction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Edvardsson, Sverker; Gardner, Paul P; Poole, Anthony M; Hendy, Michael D; Penny, David; Moulton, Vincent

    2003-05-01

    Noncoding RNA genes produce functional RNA molecules rather than coding for proteins. One such family is the H/ACA snoRNAs. Unlike the related C/D snoRNAs these have resisted automated detection to date. We develop an algorithm to screen the yeast genome for novel H/ACA snoRNAs. To achieve this, we introduce some new methods for facilitating the search for noncoding RNAs in genomic sequences which are based on properties of predicted minimum free-energy (MFE) secondary structures. The algorithm has been implemented and can be generalized to enable screening of other eukaryote genomes. We find that use of primary sequence alone is insufficient for identifying novel H/ACA snoRNAs. Only the use of secondary structure filters reduces the number of candidates to a manageable size. From genomic context, we identify three strong H/ACA snoRNA candidates. These together with a further 47 candidates obtained by our analysis are being experimentally screened.

  20. A novel calmodulin-regulated Ca2+-ATPase (ACA2) from Arabidopsis with an N-terminal autoinhibitory domain

    Science.gov (United States)

    Harper, J. F.; Hong, B.; Hwang, I.; Guo, H. Q.; Stoddard, R.; Huang, J. F.; Palmgren, M. G.; Sze, H.; Evans, M. L. (Principal Investigator)

    1998-01-01

    To study transporters involved in regulating intracellular Ca2+, we isolated a full-length cDNA encoding a Ca2+-ATPase from a model plant, Arabidopsis, and named it ACA2 (Arabidopsis Ca2+-ATPase, isoform 2). ACA2p is most similar to a "plasma membrane-type" Ca2+-ATPase, but is smaller (110 kDa), contains a unique N-terminal domain, and is missing a long C-terminal calmodulin-binding regulatory domain. In addition, ACA2p is localized to an endomembrane system and not the plasma membrane, as shown by aqueous-two phase fractionation of microsomal membranes. ACA2p was expressed in yeast as both a full-length protein (ACA2-1p) and an N-terminal truncation mutant (ACA2-2p; Delta residues 2-80). Only the truncation mutant restored the growth on Ca2+-depleted medium of a yeast mutant defective in both endogenous Ca2+ pumps, PMR1 and PMC1. Although basal Ca2+-ATPase activity of the full-length protein was low, it was stimulated 5-fold by calmodulin (50% activation around 30 nM). In contrast, the truncated pump was fully active and insensitive to calmodulin. A calmodulin-binding sequence was identified within the first 36 residues of the N-terminal domain, as shown by calmodulin gel overlays on fusion proteins. Thus, ACA2 encodes a novel calmodulin-regulated Ca2+-ATPase distinguished by a unique N-terminal regulatory domain and a non-plasma membrane localization.

  1. Consideraciones nutricionales en el paciente con falla cardíaca crónica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mario A. Hernández, MD

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available La insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva es un síndrome caracterizado por reducción del gasto cardíaco, aumento de las presiones de llenado ventricular y activación neuroendocrina, que lleva a un proceso de fibrosis y apoptosis de la célula cardíaca. Afecta alrededor de 23 millones de personas en el mundo y confiere un pésimo pronóstico una vez se diagnostica. Desde el punto de vista fisiopatológico, la relación entre citocinas pro-inflamatorias, activación neuro-hormonal y alteraciones gastrointestinales conduce a un estado denominado caquexia cardíaca, determinado por pérdida acelerada de peso, fatiga, reducción de la fuerza muscular, anorexia y disminución de la calidad de vida; este proceso es capaz de deteriorar aún más el pronóstico vital de estos pacientes. En las últimas dos décadas, se han realizado avances en el tratamiento farmacológico y eléctrico de la falla cardíaca; sin embargo los estudios en el campo no farmacológico son pocos, en especial en el aspecto nutricional, y así mismo son escasas las recomendaciones de las guías internacionales acerca del tema. En estudios pequeños, una aproximación nutricional ha demostrado impactar de manera positiva la calidad de vida y tolerancia al ejercicio, si bien se requieren grandes estudios para determinar la viabilidad de este abordaje en pacientes con falla cardíaca.

  2. Safety of Bifidobacterium animalis Subsp. Lactis (B. lactis) Strain BB-12-Supplemented Yogurt in Healthy Children.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tan, Tina P; Ba, Zhaoyong; Sanders, Mary E; D'Amico, Frank J; Roberts, Robert F; Smith, Keisha H; Merenstein, Daniel J

    2017-02-01

    Probiotics are live microorganisms that may provide health benefits to the individual when consumed in sufficient quantities. For studies conducted on health or disease endpoints on probiotics in the United States, the Food and Administration has required those studies to be conducted as investigational new drugs. This phase I, double-blinded, randomized, controlled safety study represents the first requirement of this pathway. The purpose of the study was to determine the safety of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B lactis) strain BB-12 (BB-12)-supplemented yogurt when consumed by a generally healthy group of children. The secondary aim was to assess the effect of BB-12-supplemented yogurt on the gut microbiota of the children. Sixty children ages 1 to 5 years were randomly assigned to consume 4 ounces of either BB-12-supplemented yogurt or nonsupplemented control yogurt daily for 10 days. The primary outcome was to assess safety and tolerability, as determined by the number of reported adverse events. A total of 186 nonserious adverse events were reported, with no significant differences between the control and BB-12 groups. No significant changes due to probiotic treatment were observed in the gut microbiota of the study cohort. BB-12-supplemented yogurt is safe and well-tolerated when consumed by healthy children. The present study will form the basis for future randomized clinical trials investigating the potential effects of BB-12-supplemented yogurt in different disease states.

  3. Arabidopsis ACA7, encoding a putative auto-regulated Ca(2+)-ATPase, is required for normal pollen development.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lucca, Noel; León, Gabriel

    2012-04-01

    Microgametogenesis is a complex process that involves numerous well-coordinated cell activities, ending with the production of pollen grains. Pollen development has been studied at the cytological level in Arabidopsis and other plant species, where its temporal time course has been defined. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this process is still unclear, since a relative small number of genes and/or processes have been identified as essential for pollen development. We have designed a methodology to select candidate genes for functional analysis, based on transcriptomic data obtained from different stages of pollen development. From our analyses, we selected At2g22950 as a candidate gene; this gene encodes a protein belonging to the auto-regulated Ca(2+)-ATPase family, ACA7. Microarray data indicate that ACA7 is expressed exclusively in developing pollen grains, with the highest level of mRNA at the time of the second pollen mitosis. Our RT-PCR experiments showed that ACA7 mRNA is detected exclusively in developing flowers. Confocal microscopy experiments showed a plasma membrane localization for the recombinant GFP:ACA7 protein. We identified two different insertional mutant lines, aca7-1 and aca7-2; plants from both mutant lines displayed a normal vegetative development but showed large amounts of dead pollen grains in mature flowers assayed by Alexander's staining. Histological analysis indicated that abnormalities are detected after the first pollen mitosis and we found a strong correlation between ACA7 mRNA accumulation and the severity of the phenotype. Our results indicate that ACA7 is a plasma membrane protein that has an important role during pollen development, possibly through regulation of Ca(2+) homeostasis. © Springer-Verlag 2011

  4. La Enfermedad Celíaca

    OpenAIRE

    Cueto Rua, Eduardo Ángel; Nanfito, Gabriela; Guzmán, Luciana

    2006-01-01

    La Enfermedad Celíaca (EC) es la intolerancia alimentaria de orden genético más frecuente de la especie humana. En nuestro Servicio de Gastroenterología hemos diagnosticado más de 1900 casos en los últimos 34 años, y 92 y 73 nuevos casos en los años 2004 y 2005, respectivamente. La EC es el resultado de la interacción entre factores genéticos (constante absoluta) expresados en la mucosa intestinal y la respuesta i...

  5. Doença celíaca é super-representada em pacientes com constipação

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rolf A. A. Pelleboer

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Tem sido sugerido que pacientes com constipação sejam triados para doença celíaca. Da mesma forma, recomenda-se a investigação desses pacientes para hipotiroidismo e hipercalcemia. Contudo, nenhuma evidência para essas recomendações está disponível até o momento. Assim, propusemos-nos determinar a prevalência de doença celíaca, hipotiroidismo e hipercalcemia em crianças com constipação. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte prospectivo com 370 pacientes consecutivos que preencheram os critérios de Roma III para constipação. Esses pacientes foram encaminhados por um clínico geral a um pediatra devido ao fracasso no tratamento com laxantes. RESULTADOS: A biópsia comprovou doença celíaca em sete desses pacientes. Isso é significativamente mais alto (p < 0,001 do que a prevalência de 1:198 de doença celíaca nos Países Baixos. Dois pacientes tinham tiroidite autoimune. Nenhum paciente tinha hipercalcemia. CONCLUSÕES: Conclui-se que a doença celíaca é significativamente super-representada em pacientes com constipação encaminhados por um clínico geral a um pediatra devido ao fracasso no tratamento com laxantes. Todos esses pacientes devem, portanto, ser triados para doença celíaca.

  6. Elastic-plastic potential functionals for rates and increments of stress and strain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Feijoo, R.A.; Zouain, N.

    1990-03-01

    In this work attention is focused in the derivation of variational formulations of the constutive relationship in the form of conjugate potential functionals from which stress and strain rates are derived as elements of the corresponding sub-differential sets. The main result obtained is a pair of potential functionals. (A.C.A.S.) [pt

  7. Safety of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) strain BB-12®-supplemented yogurt in healthy children

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tan, Tina P.; Ba, Zhaoyong; Sanders, Mary Ellen; D’Amico, Frank J.; Roberts, Robert F.; Smith, Keisha Herbin; Merenstein, Daniel J.

    2016-01-01

    Objectives Probiotics are live microorganisms that may provide health benefits to the individual when consumed in sufficient quantities. For studies conducted on health or disease endpoints on probiotics in the United States, the Food and Administration (FDA) has required those studies to be conducted as investigational new drugs. This phase I, double-blinded, randomized, controlled safety study represents the first requirement of this pathway. The purpose of the study was to determine the safety of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) strain BB-12® (BB-12®)-supplemented yogurt when consumed by a generally healthy group of children. The secondary aim was to assess the effect of BB-12®-supplemented yogurt on the gut microbiota of the children. Methods Sixty children aged 1–5 years were randomly assigned to consume four ounces of either BB-12®-supplemented yogurt or non-supplemented control yogurt daily for 10 days. The primary outcome was to assess safety and tolerability, as determined by the number of reported adverse events. Results A total of 186 non-serious adverse events were reported, with no significant differences between the control and BB-12® groups. No significant changes due to probiotic treatment were observed in the gut microbiota of the study cohort. Conclusions BB-12®-supplemented yogurt is safe and well-tolerated when consumed by healthy children. This study will form the basis for future randomized clinical trials investigating the potential effects of BB-12®-supplemented yogurt in different disease states. PMID:28114246

  8. Levosimendan: Nueva estrategia en el manejo de la falla cardíaca

    OpenAIRE

    González-Chon,Octavio; García López,Sandra María del Carmen; Chacón Mercado,Marco Alejandro; Arias Sánchez,Eduardo Agustín; Vega Zapata,Reyna Estela

    2005-01-01

    La insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva se ha considerado como un grave problema de salud. De manera tradicional, la insuficiencia cardíaca ha sido manejada con diferentes fármacos, como son los diuréticos, digital, inotrópicos del tipo de las catecolaminas y no catecolaminas; sin embargo, el manejo de los mismos, también tienen efectos secundarios en donde se incluyen la génesis de las arritmias e incluso la muerte. Un nuevo grupo de drogas recientemente ha impactado en el manejo de los pacient...

  9. Long-term effects of dietary supplementation with an essential oil mixture on the growth and laying performance of two layer strains

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abdullah U. Çatli

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available One thousand two hundred 1-day-old Lohmann LSL white and Lohmann Brown layer chickens were fed diets supplemented with either an antibiotic growth promoter (AGP or an herbal essential oil mixture (EOM till 58 wk of age to reveal the long-term effects of those additives on growth, performance and wholesome egg quality parameters. The study was arranged in a 2x3 factorial design with two layer strains and three feed additive regimens. Thus, the layer birds of both strains were randomly assigned to the three dietary treatments, i.e., standard basal diet (control, control with AGP (specifically, avilamycin, 10 mg/kg diet and control with EOM (24 mg/kg diet. The data regarding egg production were recorded between 22 to 58 weeks of age. Neither the dietary treatments nor the bird strain influenced the body weight and mortality of the birds in both the growing and laying period. AGP or EOM supplementation to the laying hen diet significantly increased the egg production rate and egg weight as compared to the control  diet alone, but egg mass output, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio were not effected  by the dietary treatments. Neither dietary treatment created any statistically significantly differences in egg quality parameters with the exception of Haugh unit. The research findings have confirmed the beneficial effects of supplementation with feed-grade EOM on the laying rate and egg weight of both white and brown layers. Indeed, EOM, being a novel feed additive natural origin, proved to be as efficacious as AGP in promoting egg yield.

  10. Estudo da Mecânica Cardíaca pelo Speckle Tracking

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Cristina Donadio Abduch

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Speckles, ou marcadores naturais do miocárdio, originam se da interferência construtiva e destrutiva do feixe de ultrassom que incide sobre os tecidos, podem fornecer um diagnóstico precoce das alterações miocárdicas e atuar na predição de certos eventos cardíacos. Devido à sua relativa estabilidade temporal, os speckles podem ser rastreados durante o ciclo cardíaco por software dedicados, promovendo a análise da função sistólica e diastólica. São identificados tanto pela escala de cinza da ecocardiografia 2D convencional quanto pela ecocardiografia 3D, sendo independentes do ângulo de incidência do ultrassom, permitindo assim a avaliação da mecânica cardíaca nos três planos espaciais: longitudinal, circunferencial e radial. O objetivo do presente artigo é discutir o papel e o significado da deformação cardíaca obtida por meio do speckle tracking durante a avaliação da fisiologia cardíaca, e discutir as aplicações clínicas desta tecnologia ecocardiográfica inovadora.

  11. Tratamiento de las taquiarritmias postoperatarias en la cirugía cardíaca del adulto

    OpenAIRE

    Enríquez, Fernando; Jiménez, Antonio

    2010-01-01

    Las arritmias en el periodo postoperatorio de la cirugía cardíaca requieren, en su particular contexto, un tratamiento específico. La presente revisión expone y actualiza la evidencia científica en los diversos tratamientos de las taquiarritmias postoperatorias en la cirugía cardíaca del adulto.

  12. Comportamento dos quimiorreflexos central e periférico na insuficiência cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Guilherme Veiga Guimarães

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available A síndrome da insuficiência cardíaca (IC pode ser definida como via final de qualquer forma de doença cardíaca. Os reflexos cardiovasculares simpatoinibitórios como o reflexo arterial barorreceptor estão significativamente suprimidos na IC. Pacientes com IC apresentam maior ventilação para determinada carga de trabalho quando comparados a indivíduos normais. Esse fato gera baixa eficiência ventilatória e relaciona-se com maior ventilação relativa à produção de gás carbônico, que é um preditor de mau prognóstico, além de ser um fator limitante ao exercício. Há evidências de que o desequilíbrio autonômico contribua para a patogênese e a progressão da insuficiência cardíaca. Os quimiorreflexos são os principais mecanismos de controle e regulação das respostas ventilatórias às mudanças de concentração do oxigênio e gás carbônico arterial. A ativação do quimiorreflexo causa aumento da atividade simpática, frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial e volume minuto. No entanto, o aumento do volume minuto e da pressão arterial, pelo feedback negativo provocam inibição da resposta simpática à ativação do quimiorreflexo. Apesar das alterações funcionais dos reflexos, seu comportamento em condições normais e patológicas, especialmente sua contribuição para o estado simpatoexcitatório encontrado na IC, não tem sido amplamente estudado. Dessa forma, esta revisão tem por objetivo integrar os conhecimentos a respeito dos quimiorreflexos central e periférico na síndrome da insuficiência cardíaca, bem como esclarecer a influência da terapêutica medicamentosa da insuficiência cardíaca nos quimiorreflexos.

  13. Aporte de la frecuencia cardíaca en futbolistas durante el período de competencia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arnaldo A. Angelino

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available ObjetivosEvaluar el comportamiento de los componentes de la curva dinámica de la frecuencia cardíaca basal, intraesfuerzo y de recuperación de acuerdo con el tiempo, la distancia y la intensidad de pruebas aeróbicas en cinta ergométrica y de campo como indicador de entrenamiento y adaptación física durante el período de competencia en jugadores de fútbol.Material y métodosSe evaluaron 108 jugadores de fútbol juvenil, masculinos y de 17 ± 2 años, con prueba aeróbica ergométrica y de campo durante el ciclo competitivo. Se realizó prueba de 2.400 metros en cinta ergométrica y Yo-Yo Test en campo (Endurance nivel 2.ResultadosEl registro continuo de frecuencia cardíaca permitió observar: 1 un registro más detallado de las modificaciones de la frecuencia cardíaca submáxima (89,4 ± 7,6 versus 83,0 ± 7,7; p < 0,05 en cinta ergométrica, 2 diferentes respuestas de frecuencia cardíaca submáxima en prueba ergométrica y de campo al primer minuto (164,0 versus 116,6; p < 0,05 y al segundo minuto (176,3 versus 123,5; p < 0,05 en relación con la frecuencia cardíaca máxima (198,6 versus 194,0; p = ns, 3 en pruebas de campo se observó un intervalo mayor de reserva de frecuencia cardíaca en relación con la capacidad de resistencia a partir del segundo minuto (25,9 versus 19,1; p < 0,05.ConclusionesEl registro comparativo de la frecuencia cardíaca durante el ciclo competitivo en jugadores de fútbol en pruebas aeróbicas ergométricas y en prueba de campo permite el análisis de indicadores de entrenamiento y adaptación física. Los indicadores de frecuencia cardíaca basal, submáxima, máxima, de recuperación e intervalo de reserva de frecuencia cardíaca permiten información de rendimiento y entrenamiento en la resistencia a diferente velocidad de desplazamiento, tiempo de permanencia y distancia en pruebas de cinta ergométrica y de campo, de gran utilidad para las pautas de entrenamiento durante el período de competencia

  14. Tratamiento de las taquiarritmias postoperatarias en la cirugía cardíaca del adulto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Enríquez

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available Las arritmias en el periodo postoperatorio de la cirugía cardíaca requieren, en su particular contexto, un tratamiento específico. La presente revisión expone y actualiza la evidencia científica en los diversos tratamientos de las taquiarritmias postoperatorias en la cirugía cardíaca del adulto.

  15. Insuficiència cardíaca i fallida renal : quan tot s'ajunta

    OpenAIRE

    Zamora, Elisabet

    2008-01-01

    Un dels problemes que coexisteixen amb la insuficiència cardíaca és la insuficiència renal. Els autors d'aquest article proposen un mètode alternatiu per poder detectar de manera més precisa la presència d'aquesta fallida renal en els pacients amb insuficiència cardíaca, ja que els mètodes habituals, basats únicament en la determinació de la creatinina en sang, són menys sensibles.

  16. Tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardíaca: nuevas estrategias terapéuticas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jesús Herreros

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available La insuficiencia cardíaca es uno de los problemas de salud de mayor relevancia por su incidencia creciente y sus repercusiones sociales, económicas y sobre todo humanas. El trasplante cardíaco es un abordaje excelente y un tratamiento consolidado para estos pacientes. Sin embargo, la desproporción entre el número de pacientes con una insuficiencia cardíaca terminal y los donantes potenciales restringe el trasplante a aquellos pacientes sin otras posibilidades de tratamiento y ha generado alternativas terapéuticas para mejorar el pronóstico y los síntomas de estos pacientes con alto riesgo. El interés creciente del estudio de la reversibilidad de varias formas de insuficiencia cardíaca terminal y la aplicación de la biología al tratamiento de estos pacientes ha inducido el desarrollo de estrategias terapéuticas, diseñadas para integrar la biología y las nuevas tecnologías médicas, para así intervenir sobre los modelos biomecánicos, moleculares y neurohormonales de la insuficiencia cardíaca. Estos tratamientos incluyen la cardiomioplastia celular, la ingeniería tisular, la cirugía de restauración del ventrículo izquierdo, la inmunoadsorción y la constricción mecánica pasiva ventricular como puente a la recuperación. La integración de estos abordajes puede ofrecer alternativas válidas al trasplante cardíaco.

  17. Effects of nutritional supplementation with l-arginine on repair of injuries due to muscle strain: experimental study on rats

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lauren Izabel Medeiros Couto

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of oral supplementation with arginine on regeneration of injuries due to straining of the anterior tibial muscle of rats. METHODS: Twenty-four Wistar rats of weight 492.5 ± 50.45 g were used. Injuries were induced through straining the anterior tibial muscles. The rats were separated into three groups of eight rats each. In the untreated group (UTG, after induction of injuries, the rats were observed for 24 h. In the simulation group (SG and the arginine group (AG respectively, the rats received isotonic saline solution and arginine solution via direct gavage, over a seven-day period. At the end of the period, blood samples were collected for serum evaluations of creatine kinase (CK, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH, aspartate aminotransferase (AST and C-reactive protein (CRP. The right and left anterior tibial muscles were resected for histopathological evaluations on the muscle injuries, investigating edema, hemorrhage and disorganization or morphometric alteration of the muscle fibers. The tissue repair was investigated in terms of proliferation of adipose tissue, angiogenesis and collagen fibers. The ANOVA and Student's tmethods were used and p≤ 0.05 was taken to be statistically significant. RESULTS: In the serum evaluations, the AG showed lower CK assay values and higher AST values. In the histopathological evaluation, the UTG presented edema and hemorrhage compatible with injuries due to strain; the SG presented edema and hemorrhage with proliferation of adipose tissue and collagen fibers; and the AG presented not only the findings of the SG but also, especially, intense angiogenesis. CONCLUSION: Oral supplementation with arginine did not cause any significant metabolic alterations that would contraindicate its use and it induced angiogenesis during the repair of muscles injured due to strain.

  18. Isolation and characterization of Bacillus subtilis CH16 strain from chicken gastrointestinal tracts for use as a feed supplement to promote weight gain in broilers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nguyen, A T V; Nguyen, D V; Tran, M T; Nguyen, L T; Nguyen, A H; Phan, T-N

    2015-06-01

    Spore-forming bacterial strains were isolated from chicken gastrointestinal tracts to develop a heat-stable feed supplement that promotes weight gain in broilers. Seven Bacillus strains having more than 90% sporulation were screened from the isolates and identified to be closely related with Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis. Of the seven strains, B. subtilis CH16 was selected to develop a feed supplement for broilers, because it formed 100% heat-stable spores, grew rapidly at 42°C and quickly formed a biofilm. In large-scale trials in broilers (n ≥ 1150 per group), the group fed CH16 (3 × 10(6) CFU g(-1) pellet) showed higher average daily gain (ADG = 61·16) and lower food conversion ratio (FCR = 1·696) than did the group fed B. licheniformis CH22 (ADG = 57·10 and FCR = 1·792), the group fed B. subtilis HU58 (ADG = 51·90 and FCR = 1·868), BioPlus group (ADG = 59·32 and FCR = 1·807) and the control group (ADG = 56·02 and FCR = 1·880). In conclusion, CH16 spores significantly increased ADG by 9·17% and reduced FCR by 9·79% in broilers. The result supports the use of B. subtilis CH16 of chicken intestinal origin as a feed supplement that promote weight gain in broilers. Significance and impact of the study: This study reports screening of Bacillus strains isolated from chicken gastrointestinal tracts for development of a feed supplement that promote weight gain in broilers. Of the seven Bacillus isolates with high sporulation efficiency (≥90%), Bacillus subtilis CH16 strain showed the best growth and biofilm formation at body temperature of broilers (42°C). In large-scale trials in broilers (n ≥ 1150 per group), CH16 spores induced a 9·17% increase in daily weight gain (ADG) and a 9·79% reduction in FCR while the commercial BioPlus(®) YC induced only a 5·89% increase in ADG and a 3·88% reduction in FCR. © 2015 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

  19. Efeito da respiração diafragmática sobre a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca na doença cardíaca isquêmica com diabete

    OpenAIRE

    Kulur, Anupama Bangra; Haleagrahara, Nagaraja; Adhikary, Prabha; Jeganathan, P. S.

    2009-01-01

    FUNDAMENTO: A diminuição da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) está associada com um prognóstico desfavorável em pacientes com doença cardíaca isquêmica (DCI) e diabete. Ainda não foi provado em definitivo se a mudança no padrão respiratório pode modificar o fator de risco nesses pacientes. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito da respiração diafragmática sobre a VFC em pacientes diabéticos com DCI. MÉTODOS: A população do estudo consistiu em 145 pacientes do sexo masculino selecionados ao acaso...

  20. Strain and strain rate by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in a maned wolf Strain e strain rate por meio de ecocardiogratia speckle traking bidimensional em um lobo-guará

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Matheus M. Mantovani

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available The measurement of cardiovascular features of wild animals is important, as is the measurement in pets, for the assessment of myocardial function and the early detection of cardiac abnormalities, which could progress to heart failure. Speckle tracking echocardiography (2D STE is a new tool that has been used in veterinary medicine, which demonstrates several advantages, such as angle independence and the possibility to provide the early diagnosis of myocardial alterations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the left myocardial function in a maned wolf by 2D STE. Thus, the longitudinal, circumferential and radial strain and strain rate were obtained, as well as, the radial and longitudinal velocity and displacement values, from the right parasternal long axis four-chamber view, the left parasternal apical four chamber view and the parasternal short axis at the level of the papillary muscles. The results of the longitudinal variables were -13.52±7.88, -1.60±1.05, 4.34±2.52 and 3.86±3.04 for strain (%, strain rate (1/s, displacement (mm and velocity (cm/s, respectively. In addition, the radial and circumferential Strain and Strain rate were 24.39±14.23, 1.86±0.95 and -13.69±6.53, -1.01±0.48, respectively. Thus, the present study provides the first data regarding the use of this tool in maned wolves, allowing a more complete quantification of myocardial function in this species.A obtenção de parâmetros cardiovasculares em animais selvagens são importantes de serem avaliados, assim como em animais de companhia, para a obtenção da função miocárdica e determinação precoce de alterações cardíacas que poderiam evoluir para insuficiência cardíaca . A ecocardiografia speckle tracking (2D STE é uma ferramenta nova que tem sido utilizada em medicina veterinária, a qual tem demonstrado várias vantagens quanto ao seu uso, como a independência do ângulo de insonação e a possibilidade de se obter o diagnóstico precoce de altera

  1. 75 FR 57819 - Notice of Revision; Notice of the Advisory Committee on Apprenticeship (ACA) Open Meeting and New...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-09-22

    ... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Employment and Training Administration Notice of Revision; Notice of the Advisory Committee on Apprenticeship (ACA) Open Meeting and New Members AGENCY: Employment and Training... that the Committee Charter has been recently renewed. The current 2009 ACA charter remains in effect...

  2. The "ACA Code of Ethics": Articulating Counseling's Professional Covenant

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ponton, Richard F.; Duba, Jill D.

    2009-01-01

    The "ACA Code of Ethics" (American Counseling Association, 2005) is an articulation of the ever-changing relationship between counseling professionals and society. It provides clear parameters of behaviors to meet the changing needs of the people counselors are called to serve. This article reviews the 2005 "Code" as both a statement of counselor…

  3. Evaluation of Two Supplemented Culture Media for Long-Term, Room-Temperature Preservation of Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Beatriz Quintero Moreno

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Objective. To produce two supplemented agar types in order to store pneumococci for several months at room temperature. Methods. Todd-Hewitt/Hemoglobin/Yeast/Charcoal/Agar (TH-HYC and Todd-Hewitt/Skim-Milk/Yeast/Charcoal/Agar (TH-SYC were used to prepare two supplemented agar types. Nineteen pneumococci isolated from patients or asymptomatic carriers displaying diverse serotypes and multilocus sequence types (MLST were subcultured and stored onto supplemented agar types, in four different tests, at room temperature. Findings. At the end of all tests (4–6 months all noncontaminated subcultures were viable and maintained all phenotypic characteristics. Survival-time curves revealed a slow decrease of viable CFU over time on agar types, but at the end the number of viable CFU was satisfactory (≥2+ of growth. Decreasing of CFU was significantly higher for clinical versus nasopharyngeal isolates. Subcultures contamination rates were 6.25% and 14.58% after 2 and 6 months of storage, respectively. Conclusion. TH-HYC and TH-SYC agar types allowed the viability of pneumococci with several serotypes, MLST, and genetic profiles, after 6 months of storage at room temperature. We consider that these agar types are a valid alternative to preserve pneumococci over an extended period, especially when methods as cryopreservation or lyophilization are not available, and are useful for transporting strains between laboratories.

  4. Insuficiência cardíaca: estratégias usadas por idosos na busca por qualidade de vida

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Analyane Conceição Silva dos Santos

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available Estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa cujos objetivos foram identificar as repercussões da insuficiência cardíaca na qualidade de vida dos idosos; descrever as estratégias utilizadas no enfrentamento destas repercussões e conhecer as percepções acerca dos cuidados de enfermagem. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com dez idosos com insuficiência cardíaca em um hospital militar do Rio de Janeiro-RJ. Identificou-se que a insuficiência cardíaca gera repercussões emocionais, físicas e financeiras na vida dos idosos, ocasionando impacto na qualidade de vida. Dentre as estratégias criadas pelos idosos, verificou-se o enfrentamento paliativo e o enfrentamento emocional. Os cuidados de enfermagem evidenciados foram orientação, carinho, zelo e dedicação. Cuidar do idoso com insuficiência cardíaca implica em avaliar as repercussões na capacidade funcional e autonomia dos anciãos, exigindo habilidades e competências do enfermeiro para identificar suas especificidades na perspectiva de um cuidado integral que contribua para a qualidade de vida dos mesmos.

  5. Importancia de los aspectos psicosociales en la enfermedad celíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Trini Fragoso Arbelo

    2002-06-01

    Full Text Available Se revisan los conceptos clínicos actuales sobre la enfermedad celíaca. Se definen con precisión los términos enfermedad celíaca activa, silente, latente y potencial. Se enfatiza en los aspectos psicosociales que influyen en su tratamiento y se trazan pautas generales acerca del manejo integral de los pacientes afectados, dada la importancia de la dieta sin gluten de por vida como único tratamiento.The current clinical concepts of celiac disease are reviewed. The terms active, silent, latent and potential related to celiac disease are accurately defined. Emphasis is made on the psychosocial aspects influencing its treatment and general guidelines are drawn on the comprehensive management of the patients suffering from this disease, given the importance of diet without gluten as the only lifelong treatment.

  6. Tratamento nutricional em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca Nutritional treatment for heart failure patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Viviane Sahade

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available A insuficiência cardíaca é um problema grave e crescente de saúde pública em todo o mundo, sendo a via final comum da maioria das cardiopatias. Apesar dos recentes avanços da medicina, pouca atenção vem sendo dada ao tratamento não farmacológico, em particular à terapia nutricional. A evolução clínica dos pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca, via de regra, caminha para quadros variáveis de desnutrição, de causa multifatorial e que não está necessariamente relacionada ao índice de massa corporal. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi revisar a literatura na busca por evidências sobre a composição adequada da dieta no tratamento de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca. Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática nas bases de dados Medline, Pubmed, Lilacs, SciELO e dos comitês nacionais e internacionais de saúde, dos artigos publicados no período compreendido entre 1981 e 2006. Observou-se que existem poucos estudos bem elaborados, sobre a adequação da dietoterapia na insuficiência cardíaca e que esta ainda é muito restrita ao controle do sal e de líquido, sendo dada pouca atenção à quantidade e à qualidade dos demais nutrientes. Existe uma crescente evidência de que a dieta é um fator importante no prognóstico e no tratamento desses pacientes, porém futuros estudos, incluindo ensaios clínicos com adequado número de participantes, se fazem necessários para que se possa prescrever, com segurança, suplementos nutricionais.Heart failure is a serious and increasing public health problem around the world, and is the common endpoint of most heart diseases. Despite recent medical advances, little attention has been given to the non-pharmacological treatments, specifically, to nutritional therapy. The clinical course of patients with heart failure constantly progresses to varying degrees of malnutrition caused by different factors and not necessarily related to body mass index. Thus, the objective of this study was

  7. Influência do treino na variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em triatletas

    OpenAIRE

    Salvador, Bruno Carlos Nunes

    2011-01-01

    Mestrado em Treino de Alto Rendimento O objectivo deste estudo foi estudar a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) em repouso durante um estágio de vinte e dois dias, a altitude moderada, e verificar como a carga de treino se relaciona com os parâmetros da variabilidade de frequência cardíaca. No estudo participaram 5 triatletas pertencentes à selecção de triatlo de Portugal (17,4± 1,8 anos), quatro do sexo masculino e uma do sexo feminino. Procedeu-se ao registo da activi...

  8. Senate Republican leadership releases revised ACA repeal and replace bill

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Moore NS

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available No abstract available. Article truncated after first 150 words. Today, the Senate Republican leadership released a revised version of a bill to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act (ACA. The new bill draft includes an amendment sponsored by Sen. Cruz (R-TX that permits insurers to offer health insurance plans on the ACA exchanges that do not cover the ACA’s 10 essential health benefits (EHB as long as they offer at least one other plan that provides full coverage of EHB’s. The bill also includes more funding for opioid addiction and for state initiatives to reduce insurance premiums and additionally, some flexibility for state Medicaid funding in the event of a public health crisis. The bill must still receive a cost estimate from the Congressional Budget Office (CBO, which will include the impact of the bill on insurance coverage levels, expected out Monday. The ATS remains deeply concerned about the bill because under the Cruz proposal, insurance coverage costs …

  9. Messy but Fair: The ACA's Hospital Value-Based Purchasing Program and the Notice-and-Comment Process.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pan, Janus

    2017-01-01

    The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) promulgated a new Medicare program called the Value-Based Purchasing Program (VBPP) as part of the 2010 Affordable Care Act (ACA). Like many other regulatory agencies, CMS used the Notice-and-Comment process to issue proposed rules, solicit public comments, and then publish final rules. Conventional literature suggests that CMS should disproportionately favor business interests during the Notice-and-Comment process, mainly due to the business interests' greater resources and capacity to draft well-reasoned comments. However, this article argues against this presumption and contends instead that CMS listens equally well to both business interest comments and private citizen comments during the formation of the VBPP. With regard to the VBPP and the ACA, CMS appears to be resisting disproportionate sway by business interests and is instead privileging the ACA's goal of improving healthcare quality.

  10. Tratamento cirúrgico de um aneurisma primário de veia ilíaca externa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Márcio Luís Lucas

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available ResumoAneurismas primários da veia ilíaca são extremamente raros e podem complicar com trombose, embolia pulmonar ou ruptura. Acredita-se que existam apenas 14 casos descritos na literatura. Neste artigo, descrevemos um caso de um jovem de 25 anos, que apresentava edema e cianose do membro inferior esquerdo. A ecografia vascular revelou uma massa cística em fossa ilíaca esquerda. A angiotomografia confirmou o diagnóstico de um aneurisma da veia ilíaca externa esquerda de 3,8 cm, no maior diâmetro. O paciente foi submetido ao tratamento cirúrgico através da ressecção do aneurisma seguida de venorrafia longitudinal. Teve boa evolução pós-operatória, com um seguimento clínico de 44 meses. Houve uma melhora do edema no membro inferior esquerdo, sem complicações tardias.

  11. 77 FR 65395 - Air Cargo Advance Screening (ACAS) Pilot Program

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-10-26

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY U.S. Customs and Border Protection Air Cargo Advance Screening (ACAS) Pilot Program Correction In notice document 2012-26031 appearing on pages 65006-65009 in the issue of October 24, 2012 make the following correction: On page 65007, in the first column, under the...

  12. Registro Nacional de Internación por Insuficiencia Cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raúl Borracci

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available IntroducciónLa insuficiencia cardíaca representa una de las principales causas de internación con una tasa elevada de complicaciones y cuyo enfoque no parece que haya mejorado en los últimos años.ObjetivosConocer el perfil epidemiológico y clínico, analizar las medidas terapéuticas y la evolución durante la internación y a los 3 meses de pacientes admitidos por insuficiencia cardíaca descompensada.Material y métodosRegistro prospectivo, multicéntrico de pacientes internados por insuficiencia cardíaca descompensada en 31 centros de todo el país que aceptaron la invitación a participar del registro. Se analizaron variables vinculadas con la presentación y la evolución hospitalaria y a los 90 días.ResultadosSe incluyeron 736 pacientes, mediana de edad 74 años (64-82, 41% mujeres, 75% hipertensos, 27% diabéticos, 20% infarto previo, 30% fibrilación auricular crónica, 17% insuficiencia renal crónica, 18% EPOC. Sólo el 29% era de etiología isquémico-necrótica. El 47% había tenido internación en el último año por insuficiencia cardíaca. Las causas de descompensación más frecuentes fueron infecciones, suspensión del tratamiento y transgresión alimentaria.Las formas graves de presentación (shock cardiogénico, edema agudo de pulmón, anasarca representaron el 30%. El 60% de los pacientes se internaron en área crítica. La mediana de permanencia fue de 7 (5-11 días. La mortalidad hospitalaria fue del 8%. A los 90 días, la reinternación fue del 24,5% y la mortalidad posalta fue del 12,8%.ConclusionesEl presente registro confirma que se trata de una población de edad avanzada con una incidencia alta de comorbilidades. Muchas descompensaciones ocurren por factores prevenibles. La tasa de complicaciones es elevada y no se redujo en la última década.REV ARGENT CARDIOL 2009;77:33-39.

  13. Box H/ACA snoRNAs are preferred substrates for the trimethylguanosine synthase in the divergent unicellular eukaryote Trichomonas vaginalis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Simoes-Barbosa, Augusto; Chakrabarti, Kausik; Pearson, Michael; Benarroch, Delphine; Shuman, Stewart; Johnson, Patricia J.

    2012-01-01

    The 2,2,7-trimethylguanosine caps of eukaryal snRNAs and snoRNA are formed by the enzyme Tgs1, which catalyzes sequential guanine-N2 methylations of m7G caps. Atypically, in the divergent unicellular eukaryote Trichomonas vaginalis, spliceosomal snRNAs lack a guanosine cap and the recombinant T. vaginalis trimethylguanosine synthase (TvTgs) produces only m2,7G in vitro. Here, we show by direct metabolic labeling that endogenous T. vaginalis RNAs contain m7G, m2,7G, and m2,2,7G caps. Immunodepletion of TvTgs from cell extracts and TvTgs add-back experiments demonstrate that TvTgs produces m2,7G and m2,2,7G caps. Expression of TvTgs in yeast tgs1Δ cells leads to the formation of m2,7G and m2,2,7G caps and complementation of the lethality of a tgs1Δ mud2Δ strain. Whereas TvTgs is present in the nucleus and cytosol of T. vaginalis cells, TMG-containing RNAs are localized primarily in the nucleolus. Molecular cloning of anti-TMG affinity-purified T. vaginalis RNAs identified 16 box H/ACA snoRNAs, which are implicated in guiding RNA pseudouridylation. The ensemble of new T. vaginalis H/ACA snoRNAs allowed us to predict and partially validate an extensive map of pseudouridines in T. vaginalis rRNA. PMID:22847815

  14. Dietary supplementation of a mixture of Lactobacillus strains enhances performance of broiler chickens raised under heat stress conditions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Faseleh Jahromi, Mohammad; Wesam Altaher, Yassir; Shokryazdan, Parisa; Ebrahimi, Roohollah; Ebrahimi, Mahdi; Idrus, Zulkifli; Tufarelli, Vincenzo; Liang, Juan Boo

    2016-07-01

    High ambient temperature is a major problem in commercial broiler production in the humid tropics because high producing broiler birds consume more feed, have higher metabolic activity, and thus higher body heat production. To evaluate the effects of two previously isolated potential probiotic strains ( Lactobacillus pentosus ITA23 and Lactobacillus acidophilus ITA44) on broilers growing under heat stress condition, a total of 192 chicks were randomly allocated into four treatment groups of 48 chickens each as follows: CL, birds fed with basal diet raised in 24 °C; PL, birds fed with basal diet plus 0.1 % probiotic mixture raised in 24 °C; CH, birds fed with basal diet raised in 35 °C; and PH, birds fed with basal diet plus 0.1 % probiotic mixture raised in 35 °C. The effects of probiotic mixture on the performance, expression of nutrient absorption genes of the small intestine, volatile fatty acids (VFA) and microbial population of cecal contents, antioxidant capacity of liver, and fatty acid composition of breast muscle were investigated. Results showed that probiotic positively affected the final body weight under both temperature conditions (PL and PH groups) compared to their respective control groups (CL and CH). Probiotic supplementation numerically improved the average daily gain (ADG) under lower temperature, but significantly improved ADG under the higher temperature ( P < 0.05) by sustaining high feed intake. Under the lower temperature environment, supplementation of the two Lactobacillus strains significantly increased the expression of the four sugar transporter genes tested (GLUT2, GLUT5, SGLT1, and SGLT4) indicating probiotic enhances the absorption of this nutrient. Similar but less pronounced effect was also observed under higher temperature (35 °C) condition. In addition, the probiotic mixture improved bacterial population of the cecal contents, by increasing beneficial bacteria and decreasing Escherichia coli population, which could be

  15. Structural studies of five layer Aurivillius oxides: A2Bi4Ti5O18 (A=Ca, Sr, Ba and Pb)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ismunandar; Kamiyama, T.; Hoshikawa, A.; Zhou, Q.; Kennedy, B.J.; Kubota, Y.; Kato, K.

    2004-01-01

    The room temperature structures of the five layer Aurivillius phases A 2 Bi 4 Ti 5 O 18 , (A=Ca, Sr, Ba and Pb) have been refined from powder neutron diffraction data using the Rietveld method. The structures consist of [Bi 2 O 2 ] 2+ layers interleaved with perovskite-like [A 2 Bi 2 Ti 5 O 16 ] 2- blocks. The structures were refined in the orthorhombic space group B2eb (SG. No. 41), Z=4, and the unit cell parameters of the oxides are a=5.4251(2), b=5.4034(1), c=48.486(1); a=5.4650(2), b=5.4625(3), c=48.852(1); a=5.4988(3), b=5.4980(4), c=50.352(1); a=5.4701(2), b=5.4577(2), c=49.643(1) for A=Ca, Sr, Ba and Pb, respectively. The structural features of the compounds were found similar to n=2-4 layers bismuth oxides. The strain caused by mismatch of cell parameter requirements for the [Bi 2 O 2 ] 2+ layers and perovskite-like [A 2 Bi 2 Ti 5 O 16 ] 2- blocks were relieved by tilting of the TiO 6 octahedra. Variable temperature synchrotron X-ray studies for Ca and Pb compounds showed that the orthorhombic structure persisted up to 675 and 475K, respectively. Raman spectra of the compounds are also presented

  16. Taquiarritmias postoperatorias en la cirugía cardíaca del adulto. Profilaxis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Enríquez

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available Las arritmias en el periodo postoperatorio de la cirugía cardíaca suelen ser un hallazgo común ligado a múltiples mecanismos. Las condiciones particulares inherentes al acto quirúrgico pueden iniciar, facilitar o agravar un evento arrítmico por modificaciones en el sustrato anatómico y en sus moduladores. Aunque tradicionalmente consideradas como arritmias transitorias, diversos estudios muestran su asociación con una mayor morbimortalidad, riesgo de ictus, compromiso hemodinámico, iatrogenia, estancia hospitalaria y mayor gasto sanitario. La presente revisión aborda la información de que disponemos de las taquiarritmias en el postoperatorio de la cirugía cardíaca, y las pautas de actuación basadas en la evidencia.

  17. Descrição da artéria celíaca em pombos domésticos (Columba livia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Ismar Santana

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2012v25n2p125 O presente estudo objetivou definir a origem e a distribuição da artéria celíaca e de seus ramos colaterais em 15 aves da espécie Columba livia, cedidas pelo Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de Brasília. Com a finalidade de marcar o sistema arterial dos espécimes, o tronco braquiocefálico esquerdo foi canulado e injetado com solução aquosa de látex corado. Posteriormente, procedeu-se a fixação das aves com solução aquosa de formol 10% e a dissecação com instrumentos adequados, obtendo-se os resultados a seguir. A artéria celíaca originou-se da face ventral da aorta descendente. O primeiro ramo colateral surgiu da própria artéria celíaca, constituindo a artéria esofágica. Posteriormente, artéria celíaca se bifurcou em dois ramos, denominados ramo esquerdo da artéria celíaca e ramo direito da artéria celíaca. O ramo esquerdo emitiu a artéria proventricular ventral, seguida das artérias esplênicas, da artéria proventricular dorsal e da artéria hepática esquerda. Por fim, o ramo esquerdo se bifurcou, originando as artérias gástricas ventral e esquerda. O ramo direito emitiu a artéria hepática direita, seguida da artéria ileal e da artéria gástrica direita. Por fim, o ramo direito prosseguiu como artéria pancreaticoduodenal. Os achados deste trabalho apresentaram grande similaridade com as linhagens de aves da espécie Gallus gallus, exceto pela ausência da artéria ileocecal, de ramos císticos e da artéria gástrica dorsal.

  18. Disfunção da articulação sacro-ilíaca em jovens com dor lombar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carolina Ramírez Ramírez

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A dor lombar representa um problema de saúde pública. Estima-se que uma elevada porcentagem de casos de dor lombar (85-90% não tem uma causa conhecida. Acredita-se que a disfunção da articulação sacro-ilíaca possa explicar, em parte, essa alta porcentagem. OBJETIVO: Determinar a frequência da disfunção da articulação sacro-ilíaca em jovens com dor lombar e descrever possíveis associações com características sócio-demográficas, clínicas e antropométricas da população estudada. METODOLOGIA: A amostra foi selecionada por meio de entrevista direta. Sessenta e sete sujeitos (92,5% mulheres com idade média de 21 ± 2,1 participaram do estudo. Foi realizado exame físico que incluiu a avaliação da dor à palpação, amplitude de movimento da flexão do quadril, funcionalidade avaliada por meio do Oswestry Disability Index, e realização de quatro provas de provocação de dor da articulação sacro-ilíaca (Gaenslen, thigh thrust, compressão ilíaca e compressão sacra. O diagnóstico para disfunção da articulação sacro-ilíaca foi considerado positivo se pelo menos três das provas foram positivas. RESULTADOS: A frequência de disfunção da articulação sacro-ilíaca foi de 35,8% IC 95% (24,0-47,6. Foi observada associação da disfunção da articulação com diminuição de flexibilidade dos isquiotibiais, pontuação do Oswestry Disability Index e dor à palpação. Não foram encontradas associações estatisticamente significativas com as variáveis sócio-demográficas. CONCLUSÃO: A alta frequência de disfunção da articulação sacro-ilíaca encontrada sugere a possibilidade de detectar e intervir precocemente uma possível causa de dor lombar, evitando alterações funcionais de maior severidade.

  19. Ein empirischer Validitätsvergleich der ACA, des ASE und des PCPM

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Meissner, Martin; Decker, Reinhold; Adam, Nadine

    2011-01-01

    The increasing complexity of many products makes high demands on methods used for measuring consumer preferences. In such cases, practitioners frequently use Adaptive Conjoint Analysis (ACA). However, compositional approaches also proved to be efficient. Recently, Srinivasan and Netzer (2011...

  20. MicroRNAs: um novo paradigma no tratamento e diagnóstico da insuficiência cardíaca?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vagner Oliveira-Carvalho

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available MicroRNAs (miRNAs são um grupo recém-descoberto de pequenos RNAs, não codificantes, que representam uma das áreas mais estimulantes da ciência médica moderna por modularem uma enorme e complexa rede regulatória da expressão dos genes.Recentemente, linhas de evidências sugerem que os miRNAs desempenham um papel crucial na patogênese da insuficiência cardíaca. Alguns miRNAs altamente expressos no coração como o miR-1, miR-133 e miR-208 estão fortemente associados ao desenvolvimento da hipertrofia cardíaca, enquanto o exato papel de miR-21 no sistema cardiovascular permanece controverso. Os níveis séricos de miRNAs circulantes como o miR-423-5p estão sendo avaliados como potenciais biomarcadores no diagnóstico e prognóstico da insuficiência cardíaca.Por outro lado, a manipulação dos níveis de miRNAs usando técnicas como os mimetizadores de miRNAs (miRmimics e miRNAs antagônicos(antagomiRs está tornando cada vez mais evidente o enorme potencial dos miRNAs como promissoras estratégias terapêutica sna insuficiência cardíaca.

  1. ACA: Phoenix of-or Cooked in-This Dumpster Fire of an Election.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kirkner, Richard Mark

    2016-10-01

    Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump promise divergent approaches to the ACA if elected. Basically, Clinton wants to improve it; Trump promises to dismantle it. Of course, no president acts in a vacuum, and a lot will also depend on which party controls Congress.

  2. Supplementation with two probiotic strains, Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032, reduces fasting triglycerides and enhances apolipoprotein A-V levels in non-diabetic subjects with hypertriglyceridemia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ahn, Hyeon Yeong; Kim, Minjoo; Chae, Jey Sook; Ahn, Young-Tae; Sim, Jae-Hun; Choi, Il-Dong; Lee, Sang-Hyun; Lee, Jong Ho

    2015-08-01

    Previous studies have indicated that supplementation with probiotics might improve lipid metabolism. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with probiotic strains Lactobacillus curvatus (L. curvatus) HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) KY1032 on triglyceride (TG) and apolipoprotein A-V (apo A-V) levels. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was conducted with 128 non-diabetic subjects with hypertriglyceridemia. Over a 12-week test period, the probiotic group consumed 2 g/day of a powdered supplement containing L. curvatus HY7601 and L. plantarum KY1032, whereas the placebo group consumed a powder lacking probiotics. After the treatment, the probiotic group showed an 18.3% (P  C genotype. The consumption of two probiotic strains for 12 weeks reduced TGs and increased the apo A-V and LDL particle size in hypertriglyceridemic subjects. This effect was more pronounced in subjects with higher levels of fasting TGs regardless of their APOA5 -1131T > C genotype. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  3. Evaluation of leachate quality from pentachlorophenol, creosote and ACA [ammoniacal chromium arsenate] preserved wood products

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Whiticar, D.M.; Letourneau, L.; Konasewich, D.

    1994-01-01

    A field study was conducted to evaluate the leachability characteristics of pentachlorophenol (PCP), creosote, and ammoniacal chromium arsenate (ACA) wood preservatives from freshly treated wood products. Test products included PCP-treated utility poles, creosote-treated timbers and marine pilings, and ACA-treated utility poles. Bundles of test products were placed over collection trays to collect the leachate generated by natural rainfall and by sprinkling with tap water. The sampling schedule was based on accumulated rainfall with samples taken at about every 15 mm from 15 mm to 150 mm. Analyses included pH, oil and grease, total organic carbon, ammonia, metals, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), chlorinated and nonchlorinated phenols, resin acids, and fish toxicity. The study indicated that leachates from wood products freshly treated with ACA, creosote, and PCP have potential for aquatic toxicity if released to the environment. A decreasing trend was noted in both the arsenic and copper releases as cumulative precipitation increased. PCP releases remained constant over the course of the study while PAH releases showed no significant trend. Phenanthrene was found to be the main component in the releases. 28 refs., 18 figs., 7 tabs

  4. Development of a rapid SNP-typing assay to differentiate Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis strains used in probiotic-supplemented dairy products.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lomonaco, Sara; Furumoto, Emily J; Loquasto, Joseph R; Morra, Patrizia; Grassi, Ausilia; Roberts, Robert F

    2015-02-01

    Identification at the genus, species, and strain levels is desirable when a probiotic microorganism is added to foods. Strains of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis (BAL) are commonly used worldwide in dairy products supplemented with probiotic strains. However, strain discrimination is difficult because of the high degree of genome identity (99.975%) between different genomes of this subspecies. Typing of monomorphic species can be carried out efficiently by targeting informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). Findings from a previous study analyzing both reference and commercial strains of BAL identified SNP that could be used to discriminate common strains into 8 groups. This paper describes development of a minisequencing assay based on the primer extension reaction (PER) targeting multiple SNP that can allow strain differentiation of BAL. Based on previous data, 6 informative SNP were selected for further testing, and a multiplex preliminary PCR was optimized to amplify the DNA regions containing the selected SNP. Extension primers (EP) annealing immediately adjacent to the selected SNP were developed and tested in simplex and multiplex PER to evaluate their performance. Twenty-five strains belonging to 9 distinct genomic clusters of B. animalis ssp. lactis were selected and analyzed using the developed minisequencing assay, simultaneously targeting the 6 selected SNP. Fragment analysis was subsequently carried out in duplicate and demonstrated that the assay yielded 8 specific profiles separating the most commonly used commercial strains. This novel multiplex PER approach provides a simple, rapid, flexible SNP-based subtyping method for proper characterization and identification of commercial probiotic strains of BAL from fermented dairy products. To assess the usefulness of this method, DNA was extracted from yogurt manufactured with and without the addition of B. animalis ssp. lactis BB-12. Extracted DNA was then subjected to the minisequencing

  5. The Impact Of State Policies On ACA Applications And Enrollment Among Low-Income Adults In Arkansas, Kentucky, And Texas.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sommers, Benjamin D; Maylone, Bethany; Nguyen, Kevin H; Blendon, Robert J; Epstein, Arnold M

    2015-06-01

    States are taking variable approaches to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) Medicaid expansion, Marketplace design, enrollment outreach, and application assistance. We surveyed nearly 3,000 low-income adults in late 2014 to compare experiences in three states with markedly different policies: Kentucky, which expanded Medicaid, created a successful state Marketplace, and supported outreach efforts; Arkansas, which enacted the private option and a federal-state partnership Marketplace, but with legislative limitations on outreach; and Texas, which did not expand Medicaid and passed restrictions on navigators. We found that application rates, successful enrollment, and positive experiences with the ACA were highest in Kentucky, followed by Arkansas, with Texas performing worst. Limited awareness remains a critical barrier: Fewer than half of adults had heard some or a lot about the coverage expansions. Application assistance from navigators and others was the strongest predictor of enrollment, while Latino applicants were less likely than others to successfully enroll. Twice as many respondents felt that the ACA had helped them as hurt them (although the majority reported no direct impact), and advertising was strongly associated with perceptions of the law. State policy choices appeared to have had major impacts on enrollment experiences among low-income adults and their perceptions of the ACA. Project HOPE—The People-to-People Health Foundation, Inc.

  6. Exercício físico e microRNAs: novas fronteiras na insuficiência cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miguel Morita Fernandes-Silva

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available Embora recentemente tenha sido questionado o impacto do exercício na sobrevida de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca, o treinamento físico melhora a qualidade de vida, a capacidade funcional, a inflamação, a função autonômica e a função endotelial. Nos últimos anos, vem crescendo o interesse em um grupo de pequenos RNAs não codificadores de proteína chamados microRNAs. Estudos têm demonstrado que a expressão dessas moléculas se modifica em diversas condições patológicas, como a hipertrofia miocárdica, a isquemia miocárdica e a insuficiência cardíaca, e, quando ocorre melhora clínica, elas parecem se normalizar. Com o potencial de aplicabilidade prática, já foram identificados marcadores que poderão ser úteis na avaliação diagnóstica e prognóstica da insuficiência cardíaca, como o miR-423-5p. Além disso, resultados de estudos experimentais indicam haver possíveis efeitos terapêuticos dos microRNAs. Implicados na regulação da expressão genética durante o desenvolvimento fetal e no indivíduo adulto, os microRNAs aumentam ou diminuem no coração em resposta a estresse fisiológico, injúria ou sobrecarga hemodinâmica. Assim, o estudo do comportamento dessas moléculas no exercício físico vem trazendo informações importantes quanto aos efeitos dessa modalidade terapêutica e representa uma nova era no entendimento da insuficiência cardíaca. Esta revisão tem por objetivo integrar as evidências sobre microRNAs na insuficiência cardíaca com maior relevância no estudo do exercício físico.

  7. Comportamento dos quimiorreflexos central e periférico na insuficiência cardíaca Comportamiento de los quimiorreflejos central y periférico en la insuficiencia cardíaca Behavior of central and peripheral chemoreflexes in heart failure

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Guilherme Veiga Guimarães

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available A síndrome da insuficiência cardíaca (IC pode ser definida como via final de qualquer forma de doença cardíaca. Os reflexos cardiovasculares simpatoinibitórios como o reflexo arterial barorreceptor estão significativamente suprimidos na IC. Pacientes com IC apresentam maior ventilação para determinada carga de trabalho quando comparados a indivíduos normais. Esse fato gera baixa eficiência ventilatória e relaciona-se com maior ventilação relativa à produção de gás carbônico, que é um preditor de mau prognóstico, além de ser um fator limitante ao exercício. Há evidências de que o desequilíbrio autonômico contribua para a patogênese e a progressão da insuficiência cardíaca. Os quimiorreflexos são os principais mecanismos de controle e regulação das respostas ventilatórias às mudanças de concentração do oxigênio e gás carbônico arterial. A ativação do quimiorreflexo causa aumento da atividade simpática, frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial e volume minuto. No entanto, o aumento do volume minuto e da pressão arterial, pelo feedback negativo provocam inibição da resposta simpática à ativação do quimiorreflexo. Apesar das alterações funcionais dos reflexos, seu comportamento em condições normais e patológicas, especialmente sua contribuição para o estado simpatoexcitatório encontrado na IC, não tem sido amplamente estudado. Dessa forma, esta revisão tem por objetivo integrar os conhecimentos a respeito dos quimiorreflexos central e periférico na síndrome da insuficiência cardíaca, bem como esclarecer a influência da terapêutica medicamentosa da insuficiência cardíaca nos quimiorreflexos.El síndrome de insuficiencia cardíaca (IC puede ser definido como vía final de cualquier forma de enfermedad cardíaca. Los reflejos cardiovasculares simpáticoinhibitorios como el reflejo arterial barorreceptor están significativamente suprimidos en la IC. Pacientes con IC presentan mayor

  8. Factors influencing production of lipase under metal supplementation by bacterial strain, Bacillus subtilis BDG-8.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dhevahi, B; Gurusamy, R

    2014-11-01

    Lipases are biocatalyst having wide applications in industries due to their versatile properties. In the present study, a lipolytic bacterial strain, Bacillus subtilis BDG-8 was isolated from an oil based industrial soil. The effect of selenium and nickel as a media supplement on enhancement of lipase production, was studied individually with the isolated strain by varying the concentration of selected metal. 60 μg l(-1) selenium enhanced lipase production to an enzyme activity measuring 7.8 U ml(-1) while 40 μgI(-1) nickel gave the maximum enzyme activity equivalent to 7.5 U ml(-1). However, nickel and selenium together at a range of concentration with an equal w/v ratio, at 60 μg l(-1) each, showed the maximum lipase activity of 8.5 U ml(-1). The effect of pH and temperature on lipase production showed maximum enzyme activity in the presence of each of the metals at pH 7 and 35°C among the other tested ranges. After optimisation of the parameters such as metal concentration, pH and temperature lipase production by Bacillus subtilis BDG-8 had increased several folds. This preliminary investigation may consequently lead as to various industrial applications such as treatment of wastewater contaminated with metal or oil with simultaneous lipase production.

  9. Estetoscópio digital como ferramenta inovadora no ensino da ausculta cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudio Tinoco Mesquita

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available O exame físico cardiovascular, em particular a ausculta cardíaca, é uma das habilidades clínicas mais difíceis para os alunos durante seu treinamento médico. Estudos sugerem que o uso de tecnologias, como o estetoscópio digital, aumente a acurácia do exame clínico, entretanto, seu impacto no ensino da propedêutica da ausculta cardíaca em alunos de graduação de Medicina não é conhecido. O objetivo é demonstrar a utilidade do estetoscópio digital, em comparação com métodos tradicionais, como instrumento de ensino da ausculta cardíaca. Estudo de intervenção, longitudinal, controlado, unicêntrico e randomizado. Foram inscritos 38 alunos de medicina para um curso de semiologia cardiovascular com duração de oito semanas. Definiu-se um programa com aulas expositivas e à beira do leito nas enfermarias de Cardiologia. Nas aulas práticas, os alunos foram randomizados em dois grupos: 1 (n = 21 estetoscópio digital (Littmann® modelo 3200, 3M; e 2 (n = 17 estetoscópios convencionais. Foi realizada uma avaliação pré-treinamento, através de um teste utilizando o software Heart Sounds®, que foi repetida ao final do curso. As médias das avaliações foram comparadas pelo teste T pareado e não pareado. Observa-se que, ao final do curso, houve uma melhora significativamente maior no grupo que utilizou o estetoscópio digital (51,9% quando comparado ao grupo que utilizou o estetoscópio convencional (29,5%. Intervenções de curta duração para o ensino de semiologia cardíaca são capazes de contribuir de modo significativo para melhora da proficiência da identificação dos sons cardíacos. O uso do estetoscópio digital demonstrou ser um fator positivo no ensino dessas habilidades.

  10. Improved performance of P3HT:PCBM solar cells by both anode modification and short-wavelength energy utilization using Tb(aca)3phen

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhuo Zu-Liang; Wang Yong-Sheng; He Da-Wei; Fu Ming

    2014-01-01

    The performance of P3HT:PCBM solar cells was improved by anode modification using spin-coated Tb(aca) 3 phen ultrathin films. The modification of the Tb(aca) 3 phen ultrathin film between the indium tin oxide (ITO) anode and the PE-DOT:PSS layer resulted in a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.99% compared to 2.66% for the reference device, which was due to the increase in the short-circuit current density (J sc ). The PCE improvement could be attributed to the short-wavelength energy utilization and the optimized morphology of the active layers. Tb(aca) 3 phen with its strong down-conversion luminescence properties is suitable for the P3HT:PCBM blend active layer, and the absorption region of the ternary blend films is extended into the near ultraviolet region. Furthermore, the crystallization and the surface morphology of P3HT:PCBM films were improved with the Tb(aca) 3 phen ultrathin film. The ultraviolent—visible absorption spectra, atomic force microscope (AFM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the films were investigated. Both anode modification and short-wavelength energy utilization using Tb(aca) 3 phen in P3HT:PCBM solar cells led to about a 12% PCE increase. (interdisciplinary physics and related areas of science and technology)

  11. Relação entre imagem adrenérgica cardíaca e teste ergométrico na insuficiência cardíaca Relación entre imagen adrenérgica cardíaca y ergometría en la insuficiencia cardíaca Relationship between cardiac adrenergic image and exercise testing in heart failure

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leandro Rocha Messias

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Na insuficiência cardíaca, o teste ergométrico (TE avalia capacidade funcional, um determinante de prognóstico. A cintilografia com I¹²³ MIBG mostra a ativação simpática cardíaca. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação entre as variáveis do TE e as alterações da cintilografia com I¹²³ MIBG. MÉTODOS: Foram submetidos 23 pacientes (FEVE 27%. Esses pacientes realizaram TE, onde foram analisadas: pressão arterial sistólica no pico do esforço (PASP, frequência cardíaca no pico do esforço (FCP, variação da pressão arterial sistólica intraesforço (Δ PAS, reserva cronotrópica e capacidade funcional em METs. Utilizaram-se para a análise estatística, o teste t de Student ou o teste U de Mann-Whitney, o coeficiente de Spearman e o coeficiente de regressão linear. RESULTADOS: A PASP (G1: 181,00 ± 28,01; G2: 153,27 ± 27,71, p = 0,027, a Δ PAS [G1: 64 (47,5-80,5; G2: 36 (25-47 mmHg, p = 0,015], a FCP (G1: 136,91 ± 19,66; G2: 118,45 ± 13,98 bpm, p = 0,018, a reserva cronotrópica (G1: 70,42 ± 17,94; G2: 49,47 ± 14,89%, p = 0,006 e a capacidade funcional [G1: 8,37 (6,47-10,27; G2: 4,42 (2,46-6,38 METs, p = 0,003] foram menores no G2. Houve correlação negativa entre taxa de Washout com PASP (r = -0,505, p = 0,014, Δ PAS (r = -0,493, p = 0,017 e capacidade funcional (r = -0,646, p = 0,001. Após regressão linear, PASP (r = -0,422, p = 0,016 e capacidade funcional (r = -0,804, p = 0,004 foram associadas com taxa de Washout. CONCLUSÃO: Em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca, PASP e capacidade funcional foram as varáveis mais associadas com a taxa de Washout.FUNDAMENTOS: En la Insuficiencia Cardíaca, la Ergometría (Test Ergométrico - TE evalúa la capacidad funcional, un determinante de pronóstico. El centellograma con I¹²³ MIBG muestra la activación simpática cardíaca. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la asociación entre las variables del TE y las alteraciones del centellograma con I¹²³ MIBG. MÉTODOS: Se

  12. Safety of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) strain BB-12-supplemented yogurt in healthy adults on antibiotics: a phase I safety study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Merenstein, Daniel J; Tan, Tina P; Molokin, Aleksey; Smith, Keisha Herbin; Roberts, Robert F; Shara, Nawar M; Mete, Mihriye; Sanders, Mary Ellen; Solano-Aguilar, Gloria

    2015-01-01

    Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in sufficient doses, provide health benefits on the host. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires phase I safety studies for probiotics when the intended use of the product is as a drug. The purpose of the study was to determine the safety of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis (B. lactis) strain BB-12 (BB-12)-supplemented yogurt when consumed by a generally healthy group of adults who were prescribed a 10-day course of antibiotics for a respiratory infection. Secondary aims were to assess the ability of BB-12 to affect the expression of whole blood immune markers associated with cell activation and inflammatory response. A phase I, double-blinded, randomized controlled study was conducted in compliance with FDA guidelines for an Investigational New Drug (IND). Forty participants were randomly assigned to consume 4 ounces of either BB-12 -supplemented yogurt or non-supplemented control yogurt daily for 10 d. The primary outcome was to assess safety and tolerability, assessed by the number of reported adverse events. A total of 165 non-serious adverse events were reported, with no differences between the control and BB-12 groups. When compared to the control group, B lactis fecal levels were modestly higher in the BB-12-supplemented group. In a small subset of patients, changes in whole blood expression of genes associated with regulation and activation of immune cells were detected in the BB-12-supplemented group. BB-12-supplemented yogurt is safe and well tolerated when consumed by healthy adults concurrently taking antibiotics. This study will form the basis for future randomized clinical trials investigating the potential immunomodulatory effects of BB-12-supplemented yogurt in a variety of disease states.

  13. Evaluación de la respuesta a la terapia de resincronización cardíaca en un grupo de pacientes que asisten a un programa de falla cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Catalina Gallego Muñoz

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: Introducción: la terapia de resincronización cardiaca es una de las estrategias de tratamiento actuales para pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca y función sistólica deprimida, que ha demostrado producir un alivio significativo en los síntomas, así como mejoría en la función ventricular izquierda y en la supervivencia a largo plazo. Objetivo: evaluar la respuesta a la terapia de resincronización cardíaca después de seis meses de seguimiento. Metodología: estudio observacional analítico de cohorte retrospectivo, con análisis anidado de casos y controles, en el que se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años pertenecientes a una clínica de falla cardíaca y que fueran portadores de un dispositivo de resincronización cardíaca. Se realizó análisis univariado de las características clínicas y ecocardiográficas y posteriormente un análisis bivariado a las variables relacionadas con la respuesta a la terapia. Resultados: se incluyeron 92 pacientes con historia de falla cardíaca e indicación de terapia de resincronización; el 32,6% de los pacientes tenían cardiopatía isquémica y el 67,4% no isquémica, con una fracción de eyección promedio de 18,9%. Durante el seguimiento a los 6 primeros meses no se presentó ningún caso de muerte ni de trasplante cardíaco. Se definieron como respondedores el 47,8% de los pacientes, en tanto que el 52,2% restante fue clasificado como no respondedores. El porcentaje de pacientes que no requirieron hospitalizaciones luego de la terapia fue del 51,1%, y el 65,2% mejoró la clase funcional y 68,5% la fracción de eyección. Conclusión: en el 47,8% de la población estudiada se observó una respuesta a la terapia de resincronización cardiaca adecuada evaluada de forma combinada con parámetros clínicos y ecocardiográficos, hecho que se tradujo en una mejoría relevante en términos de fracción de eyección y clase funcional, además de menor número de hospitalizaciones por

  14. Oral supplementation of Bifidobacterium longum strain BR-108 alters cecal microbiota by stimulating gut immune system in mice irrespectively of viability.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Makioka, Yuko; Tsukahara, Takamitsu; Ijichi, Tetsuo; Inoue, Ryo

    2018-03-20

    Effect on cecal microbiota and gene expression of various cytokines in ileal Peyer's patches and cecal tissues were compared between viable and heat-killed Bifidobacterium longum strain BR-108 (BR-108) using a mouse model. Irrespectively of viability, oral supplementation of BR-108 altered the cecal microbiota and stimulated gene expression of cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-10 in ileal Peyer's patches and cecal tissue of mice. In addition, BR-108 supplementation significantly affected the relative abundance of bacterial genera and family, Oscillospira, Bacteroides and S24-7. The abundance of these bacterial genera and family strongly correlated with gene expression induced by BR-108. This study demonstrated that the effect of heat-killed BR-108 on the mouse cecal microbiota is similar to that of viable BR-108, most likely due to stimulation of the gut immune system by both heat-killed and viable BR-108 is also similar.

  15. Influence of Supplemental Dietary Poultry Fat, Phytase, and 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol on the Performance of Commercial Layers Inoculated Before or at the Onset of Lay with F-Strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum

    Science.gov (United States)

    The effects of 2 levels of supplemental dietary poultry fat (PF) and the combination of PF, phytase (PHY) and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (D3) on the performance of commercial layers inoculated with F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum (FMG) were investigated in 2 trials. Sham and FMG inoculations were ...

  16. Pigs experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of Escherichia coli have improved feed efficiency and indicators of inflammation with dietary supplementation of tryptophan and methionine in the immediate post-weaning period

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Capozzalo, Meeka M; Kim, Jae Cheol; Htoo, J.K.

    2017-01-01

    This experiment tested the hypothesis that pigs challenged with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli (ETEC) will improve performance by dietary supplementation of sulfur amino acids (SAA) and tryptophan (Trp) above the current recommended levels in the immediate post-weaning period. Male pigs (n ...... of inflammation and SAA supplementation decreased the pro-inflammatory interferon-gamma response and improved protein utilisation, as measured by PU, whereas supplementation with both Trp and SAA improved feed conversion ratio....... interferon-gamma regardless of dietary Trp or day of sampling (P = 0.043). Increasing dietary SAA decreased plasma urea (PU) levels on Days 5, 8 and 14 (P

  17. Realidad de la cirugía cardíaca en la República Argentina. Registro CONAREC XVI

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diego M. Lowenstein Haber

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available RESUMENIntroducciónLos dos grandes registros multicéntricos de cirugía cardíaca realizados en la Argentina,CONAREC y ESMUCICA, datan de más de 10 años. Considerando los avances médicosy quirúrgicos de la última década, surgió la necesidad de realizar un nuevo registronacional, prospectivo y multicéntrico para conocer las características, la evolución, lascomplicaciones y los predictores de mortalidad de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca.ObjetivosConocer el perfil epidemiológico, la modalidad quirúrgica y la evolución posoperatoria de lospacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca en la Argentina.Material y métodosRegistro prospectivo, consecutivo y multicéntrico realizado en 49 centros cardioquirúrgicosde la República Argentina por residentes de cardiología. Se analizaron las características yla evolución de 2.553 pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca entre septiembre de 2007 yoctubre de 2008: 1.465 (57,4% a cirugía coronaria, 359 (14,1% a reemplazo valvular aórtico,169 (6,6% a cirugía valvular mitral, 312 (12,2% a cirugía combinada coronariovalvular y248 (9,7% a otros procedimientos.ResultadosHubo predominio de hombres (74,9%; la edad promedio fue de 63 ± 11 años. La prevalenciade diabetes fue del 24,9%, la de hipertensión del 76,3% y la de insuficiencia cardíaca del17%. La disfunción ventricular moderada a grave prequirúrgica fue del 23,8% y el 19,8% delas cirugías fueron no programadas.En las cirugías coronarias, el 41,9% de ellas se realizaron sin circulación extracorpórea y seempleó puente mamario en el 89%.El 81,7% de las cirugías mitrales se indicaron por insuficiencia y el 62,6% de las aórticas,por estenosis. En estas cirugías se emplearon válvulas mecánicas en el 58% de los casos.La mediana de internación fue de 6 días. Se presentaron complicaciones mayores en el31,7% (del 25% en coronarios al 49,36% en combinados y la mortalidad global fue del 7,7%(del 4,3% en coronarios al 13

  18. Undermining the ACA through the executive branch and federalism: what the Trump administration's approach to health reform means for older Americans.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jones, David K; Gusmano, Michael K; Nadash, Pamela; Miller, Edward Alan

    2018-04-12

    The ACA has survived multiple existential threats in the legislative and judicial branches, including dozens of congressional attempts at repeal and two major Supreme Court cases. Even as it seems that the ACA is here to stay, what the law accomplishes is far from settled. The Trump administration is using executive powers to weaken the law, in many cases using the same powers that President Obama used to strengthen the effects of the reform. States have responded by seeking flexibility to pursue reforms, such as work requirements, that could not pass Congress and that were not allowed by the Obama administration. There is no indication that the ACA is imploding as President Trump has predicted and seems to desire, although these changes have a real and substantial impact on the lives of many Americans, including the near-elderly in unique ways.

  19. Regeneración celular cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jesús Herreros

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available La terapia celular con células madre, como estrategia para regenerar tejidos dañados, es una de las áreas más prometedoras en el tratamiento de enfermedades con escasas o nulas expectativas de curación. La insuficiencia cardíaca, principalmente de origen isquémico, es una de las enfermedades que más se pueden beneficiar de esta estrategia. El objetivo es regenerar el músculo, reducir la apoptosis, aumentar la expresión del colágeno intersticial e inducir la generación de nuevos vasos. la terapia celular cardíaca ha sido propuesta con una gran variedad de células angiogénicas y miogénicas: mioblastos esqueléticos, células mononucleares y mesenquimales de médula ósea, progenitores endoteliales circulantes, células derivadas del estroma de la grasa o del endometrio, células mesoteliales y pluripotenciales (induced pluripotent stem cells [iPS]. las indicaciones incluyen a pacientes con miocardiopatía isquémica o dilatada, enfermedad de Chagas, insuficiencia mitral isquémica y miocardiopatía diabética. Los abordajes son quirúrgicos, con inyección periinfarto, intracoronario y endoventricular percutáneo. Los mecanismos de acción propuestos son la reducción del tamaño de la cicatriz del infarto, el aumento de la viabilidad miocárdica, la limitación del remodelado ventricular y los efectos paracrinos. Sin embargo, los resultados clínicos muestran sólo mejoras muy limitadas de la función sistólica y del remodelado ventricular. El desarrollo de estrategias que mejoren la supervivencia y la diferenciación celular deben ser prioritarias, tales como el preacondicionamiento con electroestimulación o la ingeniería tisular con el objetivo de desarrollar un miocardio bioartificial.

  20. Hidatidosis cardíaca primaria: quiste hidatídico en aurícula derecha con diseminación pulmonar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Christian Muñoz-Guijosa

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available La hidatidosis es una enfermedad parasitaria producida por la larva del cestodo Echinococcus. El quiste hidatídico, la forma más habitual de presentación, es producida por la especie E. granulosus. la afectación cardíaca es muy rara, produciéndose en aproximadamente el 0,5–2% de los casos. El 65% de los casos de hidatidosis cardíaca se localizan en las cavidades izquierdas. Presentamos el caso de un paciente en el que la primera localización de la enfermedad fue la aurícula derecha (Ad, junto con diseminación pulmonar quística. La localización exclusiva en las cavidades cardíacas derechas y en la arteria pulmonar constituye una presentación clínica inusual. se ha revisado la bibliografía, prestando especial interés en la importancia de las técnicas de imagen disponibles en la actualidad para su diagnóstico, así como la necesidad de un tratamiento quirúrgico precoz para evitar sus posibles complicaciones.

  1. Genome-wide analysis of wheat calcium ATPases and potential role of selected ACAs and ECAs in calcium stress.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aslam, Roohi; Williams, Lorraine E; Bhatti, Muhammad Faraz; Virk, Nasar

    2017-10-27

    P 2 - type calcium ATPases (ACAs-auto inhibited calcium ATPases and ECAs-endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPases) belong to the P- type ATPase family of active membrane transporters and are significantly involved in maintaining accurate levels of Ca 2+ , Mn 2+ and Zn 2+ in the cytosol as well as playing a very important role in stress signaling, stomatal opening and closing and pollen tube growth. Here we report the identification and possible role of some of these ATPases from wheat. In this study, ACA and ECA sequences of six species (belonging to Poaceae) were retrieved from different databases and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. A high degree of evolutionary relatedness was observed among P 2 sequences characterized in this study. Members of the respective groups from different plant species were observed to fall under the same clade. This pattern highlights the common ancestry of P 2- type calcium ATPases. Furthermore, qRT-PCR was used to analyse the expression of selected ACAs and ECAs from Triticum aestivum (wheat) under calcium toxicity and calcium deficiency. The data indicated that expression of ECAs is enhanced under calcium stress, suggesting possible roles of these ATPases in calcium homeostasis in wheat. Similarly, the expression of ACAs was significantly different in plants grown under calcium stress as compared to plants grown under control conditions. This gives clues to the role of ACAs in signal transduction during calcium stress in wheat. Here we concluded that wheat genome consists of nine P 2B and three P 2A -type calcium ATPases. Moreover, gene loss events in wheat ancestors lead to the loss of a particular homoeolog of a gene in wheat. To elaborate the role of these wheat ATPases, qRT-PCR was performed. The results indicated that when plants are exposed to calcium stress, both P 2A and P 2B gene expression get enhanced. This further gives clues about the possible role of these ATPases in wheat in calcium management. These findings can be

  2. Influence of supplemental dietary poultry fat, phytase, and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on the blood characteristics of commercial layers inoculated before or at the onset of lay with F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum

    Science.gov (United States)

    The effects of 2 supplemental levels of dietary poultry fat (PF) and the combination of PF, phytase (PHY) and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D] on the blood characteristics of commercial layers inoculated with F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum (FMG) were investigated in 2 trials. Sham and FMG ino...

  3. Influence of supplemental dietary poultry fat, phytase, and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on the egg characteristics of commercial layers inoculated before or at the onset of lay with F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum

    Science.gov (United States)

    The effects of 2 supplemental levels of dietary poultry fat (PF) and the combination of PF, phytase (PHY) and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (D3) on the egg characteristics of commercial layers inoculated with F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum (FMG) were investigated in 2 trials. Sham and FMG inoculatio...

  4. Nudging Leads Consumers In Colorado To Shop But Not Switch ACA Marketplace Plans.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marzilli Ericson, Keith M; Kingsdale, Jon; Layton, Tim; Sacarny, Adam

    2017-02-01

    The Affordable Care Act (ACA) dramatically expanded the use of regulated marketplaces in health insurance, but consumers often fail to shop for plans during open enrollment periods. Typically these consumers are automatically reenrolled in their old plans, which potentially exposes them to unexpected increases in their insurance premiums and cost sharing. We conducted a randomized intervention to encourage enrollees in an ACA Marketplace to shop for plans. We tested the effect of letters and e-mails with personalized information about the savings on insurance premiums that they could realize from switching plans and the effect of generic communications that simply emphasized the possibility of saving. The personalized and generic messages both increased shopping on the Marketplace's website by 23 percent, but neither type of message had a significant effect on plan switching. These findings show that simple "nudges" with even generic information can promote shopping in health insurance marketplaces, but whether they can lead to switching remains an open question. Project HOPE—The People-to-People Health Foundation, Inc.

  5. Relative Affordability of Health Insurance Premiums under CHIP Expansion Programs and the ACA.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gresenz, Carole Roan; Laugesen, Miriam J; Yesus, Ambeshie; Escarce, José J

    2011-10-01

    Affordability is integral to the success of health care reforms aimed at ensuring universal access to health insurance coverage, and affordability determinations have major policy and practical consequences. This article describes factors that influenced the determination of affordability benchmarks and premium-contribution requirements for Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) expansions in three states that sought to universalize access to coverage for youth. It also compares subsidy levels developed in these states to the premium subsidy schedule under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) for health insurance plans purchased through an exchange. We find sizeable variability in premium-contribution requirements for children's coverage as a percentage of family income across the three states and in the progressivity and regressivity of the premium-contribution schedules developed. These findings underscore the ambiguity and subjectivity of affordability standards. Further, our analyses suggest that while the ACA increases the affordability of family coverage for families with incomes below 400 percent of the federal poverty level, the evolution of CHIP over the next five to ten years will continue to have significant implications for low-income families.

  6. Design According to Liabilities: ACAS X and the Treatment of ADS-B Position Data

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Schebesta, H.; Contissa, Giuseppe; Sartor, Giovanni; Masutti, Anna; Paola, Tomasello; Taurino, Damiano

    2015-01-01

    This paper presents the results of the test application
    of the Legal Case on ACAS X, the new generation airborne
    collision avoidance system. The Legal Case is the novel
    methodology, recently developed by the ALIAS project, to
    address liability of innovative systems for aviation and

  7. Enhancing Fatty Acid Production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an Animal Feed Supplement.

    Science.gov (United States)

    You, Seung Kyou; Joo, Young-Chul; Kang, Dae Hee; Shin, Sang Kyu; Hyeon, Jeong Eun; Woo, Han Min; Um, Youngsoon; Park, Chulhwan; Han, Sung Ok

    2017-12-20

    Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used for edible purposes, such as human food or as an animal feed supplement. Fatty acids are also beneficial as feed supplements, but S. cerevisiae produces small amounts of fatty acids. In this study, we enhanced fatty acid production of S. cerevisiae by overexpressing acetyl-CoA carboxylase, thioesterase, and malic enzyme associated with fatty acid metabolism. The enhanced strain pAMT showed 2.4-fold higher fatty acids than the wild-type strain. To further increase the fatty acids, various nitrogen sources were analyzed and calcium nitrate was selected as an optimal nitrogen source for fatty acid production. By concentration optimization, 672 mg/L of fatty acids was produced, which was 4.7-fold higher than wild-type strain. These results complement the low level fatty acid production and make it possible to obtain the benefits of fatty acids as an animal feed supplement while, simultaneously, maintaining the advantages of S. cerevisiae.

  8. EHS & LCA assessment for 7-ACA synthesis

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Henderson, Richard K; Jiménez-González, Concepción; Preston, Chris

    2008-01-01

    and half the mass productivity of the enzymatic process. The chemical process uses more hazardous materials and solvents and requires about 25% more process energy than the enzymatic process. When accounting for the cradle-to-gate environmental life cycle, the chemical process has a larger overall...... environmental impact, mainly derived from the production of raw materials. In comparison to the enzyme-catalyzed process, the chemical process uses approximately 60% more energy, about 16% more mass (excluding water), has double the greenhouse gas (GHG) impact, and about 30% higher photochemical ozone creation......-to-gate methodology. The results compare the synthetic efficiency, environment, health, safety, and life cycle metrics for a mature chemical process and a more recent but less developed enzymatic process for making 7-ACA. The chemical process has a higher yield, but a significantly lower reaction mass efficiency...

  9. 76 FR 59703 - Notice of Intent To Award Affordable Care Act (ACA) Funding, RFA-TP-08-001

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-09-27

    ... as infectious disease outbreaks, and man-made and natural disasters. These activities are proposed by... costs.'' ACA and the Prevention and Public Health Fund make improving public health a priority with...

  10. Perspectivas futuras de tratamiento en la insuficiencia cardíaca: del trasplante de células a la regeneración cardíaca

    OpenAIRE

    Prosper, F. (Felipe); Herreros, J. (Jesús); Barba, J. (Joaquín)

    2004-01-01

    En los últimos años hemos asistido a un interés creciente por el tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardíaca mediante el trasplante de células madre. Mientras que los estudios con células madre de músculo (mioblastos) se iniciaron hace más de 10 años, la posibilidad de que las células madre de la médula ósea tengan un enorme potencial de diferenciación y proliferación ha estimulado la investigación con otros tipos de células madre. Estos estudios experimentales han demost...

  11. Viability and growth characteristics of Lactobacillus in soymilk supplemented with B-vitamins.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ewe, Joo-Ann; Wan-Abdullah, Wan-Nadiah; Liong, Min-Tze

    2010-02-01

    Ten strains of Lactobacillus were evaluated for their viability in soymilk. Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 314, L. acidophilus FTDC 8833, L. acidophilus FTDC 8633 and L. gasseri FTDC 8131 displayed higher viability in soymilk and were thus selected to be evaluated for viability and growth characteristics in soymilk supplemented with B-vitamins. Pour plate analyses showed that the supplementation of all B-vitamins studied promoted the growth of lactobacilli to a viable count exceeding 7 log CFU/ml. alpha-Galactosidase specific activity of lactobacilli as determined spectrophotometrically showed an increase upon supplementation of B-vitamins. High-performance liquid chromatography analyses revealed that this led to increased hydrolysis of soy oligosaccharides and subsequently higher utilization of simple sugars. Production of organic acids as determined via high-performance liquid chromatography also showed an increase, accompanied by a decrease in pH of soymilk. Additionally, the supplementation of B-vitamins also promoted the synthesis of riboflavin and folic acid by lactobacilli in soymilk. Our results indicated that B-vitamin-supplemented soymilk is a good proliferation medium for strains of lactobacilli.

  12. Ethical Challenges in a Complex World: Highlights of the 2005 ACA Code of Ethics

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kocet, Michael M.

    2006-01-01

    Being an effective counselor includes having knowledge of and the ability to integrate a code of ethics into one's professional practice. This article addresses some of the highlights of the changes in the 2005 ACA [American Counseling Association] Code of Ethics such as end-of-life issues, boundaries and relationships, and multicultural and…

  13. Muerte súbita por conmoción cardíaca (Commotio cordis asociada a miocardio no compactado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Analía Aquieri

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available El miocardio no compactado es una rara miocardiopatía congénita caracterizada por la presencia de múltiples y prominentes trabeculaciones profundas en la pared ventricular que definen hendiduras comunicantes con el compartimiento ventricular principal. Es una entidad de baja incidencia y prevalencia que se diagnostica mediante estudios de imágenes como el ecocardiograma Doppler (ED, la tomografía computarizada multicorte (TCM y la resonancia magnética cardíaca (RMC. Puede ser asintomática o manifestarse mediante arritmias, insuficiencia cardíaca o eventos tromboembólicos. Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 33 años, asintomático, que durante la práctica deportiva sufre una conmoción cardíaca (commotio cordis que le produce un paro cardiorrespiratorio. El electrocardiograma mostró un ritmo de aleteo ventricular que requirió cardiodesfibrilación eléctrica. En un ED efectuado inicialmente no se observaron anormalidades significativas, pero otro ED, una TCM y una RMN obtenidos luego del alta, certificaron el hallazgo de miocardio no compactado aislado, descartando coronariopatía. Recibió tratamiento beta bloqueante y antiagregante y se discutió la colocación del cardiodesfibrilador implantable. Se plantea la fisiopatología de la asociación de estas dos infrecuentes y potencialmente letales afecciones.

  14. Accommodation, accommodative convergence, and response AC/A ratios before and at the onset of myopia in children.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gwiazda, Jane; Thorn, Frank; Held, Richard

    2005-04-01

    The purpose of this study was to investigate accommodation, accommodative convergence, and AC/A ratios before and at the onset of myopia in children. Refractive error, accommodation, and phorias were measured annually over a period of 3 years in 80 6- to 18-year-old children (mean age at first visit = 11.1 years), including 26 who acquired myopia of at least -0.50 D and 54 who remained emmetropic (-0.25 to + 0.75 D). Refraction was measured by noncycloplegic distance retinoscopy. Concomitant measures of accommodation and phorias were taken for letter targets at 4.0 m and 0.33 m using the Canon R-1 open field-of-view autorefractor with an attached motorized Risley prism and Maddox rod. The accommodation and phoria measurements were used to calculate response AC/A ratios. Compared with children who remained emmetropic, those who became myopic had elevated response AC/A ratios at 1 and 2 years before the onset of myopia, in addition to at onset and 1 year later (t's = -2.97 to -4.04, p accommodation. Accommodative convergence was significantly greater in myopes only at onset. These findings suggest that the abnormal oculomotor factors found before the onset of myopia may contribute to myopigenesis by producing hyperopic retinal defocus when a child is engaged in near-viewing tasks.

  15. Acolhimento e sintomas de ansiedade em pacientes no pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cinthia Calsinski Assis

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Trata-se de ensaio clínico randomizado, em que se objetivou comparar a frequência e intensidade de sintomas de ansiedade de pacientes em pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca que receberam acolhimento do enfermeiro ou do familiar ou os que não receberam nenhum tipo específico de acolhimento. A amostra foi constituída de 66 pacientes em pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, que foram alocados em três grupos: acolhimento pelo enfermeiro, sem acolhimento específico e acolhimento pelo familiar. A ansiedade foi avaliada em dois momentos: antes e após a intervenção. O instrumento utilizado foi o construído e validado por Suriano, composto por 19 características definidoras do diagnóstico de enfermagem ansiedade. Observou-se que a redução dos sintomas de ansiedade foi maior no grupo que recebeu acolhimento dos familiares quando comparado aos outros dois grupos. Os resultados sugerem que o incentivo à participação de familiares pode contribuir para a redução de sintomas ansiosos em pacientes no pré-operatório de cirurgias cardíacas.

  16. Toward a conceptual understanding of acute cultural adaptation: A preliminary examination of ACA in female swimming

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ryba, Tatiana; Haapanen, Saara; Mosek, Shwiko

    2012-01-01

    This paper considers a novel approach to researching adaptation in transnational athletes. The first part introduces a conceptualisation of acute cultural adaptation (ACA), which extends the current literature in sport psychology by offering original insights into mechanisms underpinning adaptive...

  17. Monitorização intraoperatória com ecocardiografia transesofágica em cirurgia cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Galhardo Júnior

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Desde a sua introdução clínica na década de 1980, a ecocardiografia transesofágica (ETE intraoperatória tem representado um dos maiores avanços na anestesia cardíaca moderna. Trata-se de uma técnica semi-invasiva, que permite visualização direta e rápida da anatomia estrutural do coração e dos grandes vasos, além de contribuir para a avaliação hemodinâmica e funcional do sistema cardiovascular. Dessa maneira, tem-se tornado importante monitor para auxílio diagnóstico de patologias cardíacas e intervenções anestésico-cirúrgicas. O objetivo do artigo é realizar uma revisão abrangente sobre a utilização da ETE no intraoperatório de cirurgia cardíaca. CONTEÚDO: O artigo revisa alguns aspectos relacionados à física do ultrassom, as técnicas para a obtenção das imagens, os cortes ecocardiográficos mais utilizados no intraoperatório, as indicações e as principais aplicações clínicas do método, além das contraindicações e complicações. CONCLUSÕES: A ETE intraoperatória é um método de monitorização cardiovascular seguro e útil na formulação do plano cirúrgico, na orientação de intervenções hemodinâmicas e na avaliação imediata do resultado operatório. O anestesiologista, uma vez habilitado à utilização do método, amplia seu papel no contexto da medicina perioperatória, fornecendo informações clínicas imprescindíveis à condução do ato anestésico-cirúrgico em cirurgia cardíaca.

  18. Construção e Validação do Questionário de Conhecimentos para Pacientes com Insuficiência Cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Christiani Decker Batista Bonin

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: A ausência de instrumentos capazes de mensurar o nível de conhecimento de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca sobre sua própria síndrome, participantes de programas de reabilitação, demonstra a carência de recomendações específicas a respeito da quantidade ou do conteúdo de informações necessárias. Objetivo: Construir e validar um questionário para avaliar o conhecimento sobre sua condição de pacientes portadores de insuficiência cardíaca participantes de programas de reabilitação cardíaca. Métodos: O instrumento foi construído com base no questionário de conhecimento para doença coronariana e aplicado em 96 pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca, com média de idade de 60,22 ± 11,6 anos, 64% homens. A reprodutibilidade foi obtida por meio do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse, utilizando-se as situações do método de teste-reteste. A consistência interna foi obtida pelo alfa de Cronbach e a validade do construto, pela análise fatorial exploratória. Resultados: A versão final do instrumento apresentou 19 questões dispostas em dez áreas de importância para a educação do paciente. O instrumento proposto apresentou um índice de clareza de 8,94 ± 0,83. O valor do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse foi de 0,856 e do alfa de Cronbach, 0,749. A análise fatorial revelou cinco fatores associados às áreas de conhecimento. Quando os escores finais foram comparados com as características da população, verificou-se que baixa escolaridade e baixa renda estão significativamente associadas a baixos escores de conhecimento. Conclusão: O instrumento possui índice de clareza satisfatório e de validade adequado, podendo ser utilizado para avaliar o conhecimento de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca participantes de programas de reabilitação cardíaca.

  19. Cell-Wall-Bound Proteinase of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis ACA-DC 178: Characterization and Specificity for β-Casein

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tsakalidou, E.; Anastasiou, R.; Vandenberghe, I.; van Beeumen, J.; Kalantzopoulos, G.

    1999-01-01

    Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis ACA-DC 178, which was isolated from Greek Kasseri cheese, produces a cell-wall-bound proteinase. The proteinase was removed from the cell envelope by washing the cells with a Ca2+-free buffer. The crude proteinase extract shows its highest activity at pH 6.0 and 40°C. It is inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, showing that the enzyme is a serine-type proteinase. Considering the substrate specificity, the enzyme is similar to the lactococcal PI-type proteinases, since it hydrolyzes β-casein mainly and α- and κ-caseins to a much lesser extent. The cell-wall-bound proteinase from L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis ACA-DC 178 liberates four main peptides from β-casein, which have been identified. PMID:10223997

  20. 134. Factores predictivos de transfusión sanguínea en cirugía cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    G. Reyes

    2012-04-01

    Conclusiones: El uso de hemoderivados es frecuente en pacientes de bajo riesgo intervenidos de cirugía cardíaca. Una hemoglobina baja preoperatoria es el mayor factor de riesgo para la transfusión de hemoderivados.

  1. Enfermedad cardíaca y embarazo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana G. Múnera-Echeverri

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: La enfermedad cardíaca complica el 1 al 4% de todos los embarazos. Durante la gestación ocurren cambios hemodinámicos importantes, que pueden llevar a la descompensación de la paciente con alteración estructural cardíaca previa. Sin embargo, la mayoría puede tener una gestación exitosa. Los pilares principales del manejo son el diagnóstico anatómico, la evaluación preconcepcional para intervenir antes de la gestación a las pacientes que lo requieran, la estratificación del riesgo materno-fetal, la optimización hemodinámica, y la administración de medicamentos seguros a las menores dosis posibles, la consejería genética y el pronóstico de la madre a largo plazo. Con base en lo anterior se diseña un plan de manejo, de acuerdo con la clasificación del riesgo materno y fetal, en el que define la frecuencia del seguimiento clínico, los métodos de imágenes y laboratorio, y el posible momento y vía del parto. El manejo es multidisciplinario y las pacientes con riesgo alto, posibilidad de deterioro hemodinámico o que requieran algún tipo de intervención deben ser remitidas en forma temprana a centros especializados con experiencia suficiente. Summary: Heart disease complicates 1 to 4% of all pregnancies. During pregnancy there are important hemodynamic changes that can lead to decompensation in a patient with previous cardiac structural alteration. However, the majority of patients can have a successful pregnancy. The primary keys to managing these patients are: knowledge of the Anatomy of the disease, evaluation before pregnancy, identify the maternal-fetal risk, optimize hemodynamically the patient, use safe drugs at the lowest doses, genetic counseling and prognosis of the mother in the long term. Based on these points, it is important to make a management plan based upon the maternal and fetal risk, defining the frequency of clinical follow-up, specifically outlining the clinical routines, diagnostic imaging

  2. La anemia ferropénica como presentación de enfermedad celíaca subclínica en una población argentina

    OpenAIRE

    J.S. Lasa; P. Olivera; L. Soifer; R. Moore

    2017-01-01

    Introducción: Existe una extensa heterogeneidad en los reportes de la prevalencia de enfermedad celíaca en el contexto de la anemia ferropénica. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de enfermedad celíaca en pacientes con anemia ferropénica. Materiales y métodos: Pacientes adultos con anemia ferropénica fueron reclutados para realizarse una endoscopia digestiva alta con biopsia duodenal. Se reclutaron asimismo voluntarios sanos de la comunidad como controles. Resultados: Se reclutó a 1...

  3. 76 FR 41501 - Notice of Intent To Award Affordable Care Act (ACA) Funding, EH09-907

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-07-14

    ... network expansion and enhancement. Funding is appropriated under the Affordable Care Act (Pub. L. 111-148... Intent To Award Affordable Care Act (ACA) Funding, EH09-907 AGENCY: Centers for Disease Control and... in their FY 2011 applications submitted under funding opportunity EH09-907, ``National Environmental...

  4. Experiências de quase morte em parada cardíaca: implicações para o conceito de mente não local

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Natalie Trent-Von Haesler

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available CONTEXTO: Experiências de quase morte (EQM são experiências vívidas, realísticas, que frequentemente promovem mudanças profundas na vida de pessoas que estiveram fisiológica ou psicologicamente próximas da morte. As EQM por vezes ocorrem durante uma parada cardíaca, na ausência de atividade cerebral detectável. OBJETIVO: Revisar os estudos prospectivos de EQM induzidas por paradas cardíacas e examinar as implicações desses estudos para o conceito de mente não local. MÉTODO: PubMed foi a principal base de dados utilizada para esta revisão. Os termos-chave da busca incluíram "parada cardíaca", "experiências de quase morte", "fisiologia da experiência de quase morte" e "experiências fora do corpo verídicas". RESULTADOS: Vários estudos prospectivos mostram incidência média de 10% a 20% de EQM induzidas por paradas cardíacas, independentemente de aspectos sociodemográficos, sexo, religião ou quaisquer parâmetros médicos, fisiológicos ou farmacológicos consistentes. Pessoas que passaram por EQM são mais propensas a mudanças de vida positivas que podem durar muitos anos após a experiência do que aquelas que não a tiveram. CONCLUSÕES: As teorias fisicalistas da mente não são capazes de explicar como pessoas que tiveram EQM podem vivenciar - enquanto seus corações estão parados e sua atividade cerebral aparentemente ausente - pensamentos vívidos e complexos e adquirir informações verídicas a respeito de objetos ou eventos distantes de seus corpos. As EQM em paradas cardíacas sugerem que a mente é não local, isto é, não é gerada pelo cérebro e não está confinada a ele ou ao corpo.

  5. Layout Design of Human-Machine Interaction Interface of Cabin Based on Cognitive Ergonomics and GA-ACA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Li Deng

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available In order to consider the psychological cognitive characteristics affecting operating comfort and realize the automatic layout design, cognitive ergonomics and GA-ACA (genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm were introduced into the layout design of human-machine interaction interface. First, from the perspective of cognitive psychology, according to the information processing process, the cognitive model of human-machine interaction interface was established. Then, the human cognitive characteristics were analyzed, and the layout principles of human-machine interaction interface were summarized as the constraints in layout design. Again, the expression form of fitness function, pheromone, and heuristic information for the layout optimization of cabin was studied. The layout design model of human-machine interaction interface was established based on GA-ACA. At last, a layout design system was developed based on this model. For validation, the human-machine interaction interface layout design of drilling rig control room was taken as an example, and the optimization result showed the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

  6. Layout Design of Human-Machine Interaction Interface of Cabin Based on Cognitive Ergonomics and GA-ACA.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Deng, Li; Wang, Guohua; Yu, Suihuai

    2016-01-01

    In order to consider the psychological cognitive characteristics affecting operating comfort and realize the automatic layout design, cognitive ergonomics and GA-ACA (genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm) were introduced into the layout design of human-machine interaction interface. First, from the perspective of cognitive psychology, according to the information processing process, the cognitive model of human-machine interaction interface was established. Then, the human cognitive characteristics were analyzed, and the layout principles of human-machine interaction interface were summarized as the constraints in layout design. Again, the expression form of fitness function, pheromone, and heuristic information for the layout optimization of cabin was studied. The layout design model of human-machine interaction interface was established based on GA-ACA. At last, a layout design system was developed based on this model. For validation, the human-machine interaction interface layout design of drilling rig control room was taken as an example, and the optimization result showed the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

  7. Reducing Young Adults' Health Care Spending through the ACA Expansion of Dependent Coverage.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Jie; Vargas-Bustamante, Arturo; Novak, Priscilla

    2017-10-01

    To estimate health care expenditure trends among young adults ages 19-25 before and after the 2010 implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) provision that extended eligibility for dependent private health insurance coverage. Nationally representative Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data from 2008 to 2012. We conducted repeated cross-sectional analyses and employed a difference-in-differences quantile regression model to estimate health care expenditure trends among young adults ages 19-25 (the treatment group) and ages 27-29 (the control group). Our results show that the treatment group had 14 percent lower overall health care expenditures and 21 percent lower out-of-pocket payments compared with the control group in 2011-2012. The overall reduction in health care expenditures among young adults ages 19-25 in years 2011-2012 was more significant at the higher end of the health care expenditure distribution. Young adults ages 19-25 had significantly higher emergency department costs at the 10th percentile in 2011-2012. Differences in the trends of costs of private health insurance and doctor visits are not statistically significant. Increased health insurance enrollment as a consequence of the ACA provision for dependent coverage has successfully reduced spending and catastrophic expenditures, providing financial protections for young adults. © Health Research and Educational Trust.

  8. Mead production: selection and characterization assays of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pereira, Ana Paula; Dias, Teresa; Andrade, João; Ramalhosa, Elsa; Estevinho, Letícia M

    2009-08-01

    Mead is a traditional drink, which results from the alcoholic fermentation of diluted honey carried out by yeasts. However, when it is produced in a homemade way, mead producers find several problems, namely, the lack of uniformity in the final product, delayed and arrested fermentations, and the production of "off-flavours" by the yeasts. These problems are usually associated with the inability of yeast strains to respond and adapt to unfavourable and stressful growth conditions. The main objectives of this work were to evaluate the capacity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, isolated from honey of the Trás-os-Montes (Northeast Portugal), to produce mead. Five strains from honey, as well as one laboratory strain and one commercial wine strain, were evaluated in terms of their fermentation performance under ethanol, sulphur dioxide and osmotic stress. All the strains showed similar behaviour in these conditions. Two yeasts strains isolated from honey and the commercial wine strain were further tested for mead production, using two different honey (a dark and a light honey), enriched with two supplements (one commercial and one developed by the research team), as fermentation media. The results obtained in this work show that S. cerevisiae strains isolated from honey, are appropriate for mead production. However it is of extreme importance to take into account the characteristics of the honey, and supplements used in the fermentation medium formulation, in order to achieve the best results in mead production.

  9. 77 FR 39516 - Notice of a Public Meeting of the Advisory Committee on Apprenticeship (ACA)

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-07-03

    ... ACA are open to the public. Time and Date: The meeting will begin at approximately 1:30 p.m. Eastern Daylight Savings Time on Wednesday, August 1, 2012, and continues until approximately 5:00 p.m. The meeting will reconvene on Thursday, August 2, 2012, at approximately 9:00 a.m. Eastern Daylight Savings Time...

  10. La terapia celular como tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardíaca crónica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ricardo Sanz

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Hasta hace poco tiempo se pensaba que el miocardio era un tejido sin capacidad de regeneración. El descubrimiento de progenitores celulares en el corazón de mamíferos adultos y la evidencia científica de que la reparación cardíaca existe han cambiado esta creencia, abriendo una nueva vía de investigación en el tratamiento de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Durante años, circunscrita al ámbito de la investigación básica y de los ensayos preclínicos, esta nueva línea de investigación se ha trasladado al ámbito clínico, donde se están desarrollando ensayos en humanos para evaluar la seguridad, factibilidad y eficacia de dicha terapia celular en la regeneración miocárdica. En esta revisión nos centraremos en la terapia celular de la insuficiencia cardíaca crónica en humanos, recogiendo los antecedentes, tipos de células y vías de administración, así como los principales ensayos clínicos publicados hasta el momento.

  11. Enhanced cellulase recovery without β-glucosidase supplementation for cellulosic ethanol production using an engineered strain and surfactant.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Huang, Renliang; Guo, Hong; Su, Rongxin; Qi, Wei; He, Zhimin

    2017-03-01

    Recycling cellulases by substrate adsorption is a promising strategy for reducing the enzyme cost of cellulosic ethanol production. However, β-glucosidase has no carbohydrate-binding module (CBM). Thus, additional enzymes are required in each cycle to achieve a high ethanol yield. In this study, we report a new method of recycling cellulases without β-glucosidase supplementation using lignocellulosic substrate, an engineered strain expressing β-glucosidase and Tween 80. The cellulases and Tween 80 were added to an aqueous suspension of diluted sulfuric acid/ammonia-treated corncobs in a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process for ethanol production. Subsequently, the addition of fresh pretreated corncobs to the fermentation liquor and remaining solid residue provided substrates with absorbed cellulases for the next SSF cycle. This method provided excellent ethanol production in three successive SSF cycles without requiring the addition of new cellulases. For a 10% (w/v) solid loading, a cellulase dosage of 30 filter paper units (FPU)/g cellulose, 0.5% Tween 80, and 2 g/L of the engineered strain, approximately 90% of the initial ethanol concentration from the first SSF process was obtained in the next two SSF processes, with a total ethanol production of 306.27 g/kg corncobs and an enzyme productivity of 0.044 g/FPU. Tween 80 played an important role in enhancing cellulase recovery. This new enzyme recycling method is more efficient and practical than other reported methods. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 543-551. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  12. Influência dos barorreceptores e da pressão arterial na resposta cardíaca à hipertensão renovascular em ratos

    OpenAIRE

    Kaleizu Teodoro Rosa

    2008-01-01

    No presente estudo, duas importantes situações foram abordadas no intuito de se melhor entender os mecanismos homeostáticos dos pressorreceptores na gênese da hipertrofia cardíaca em resposta à hipertensão renovascular: o efeito do tempo de clipe na artéria renal e o efeito dos níveis pressóricos e da variabilidade da pressão arterial. O curso temporal mostrou que, antes mesmo da instalação da hipertensão, há alteração da morfologia cardíaca, qual seja o desenvolvimento de uma hipertrofia ven...

  13. Variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em neonatos prematuros e de termo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fabio Augusto Selig

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Várias publicações têm demonstrado a importância do sistema nervoso autônomo por meio dos componentes simpático e parassimpático na gerência da interação entre as diferentes partes do organismo humano. Esses estudos aplicaram técnicas lineares e não lineares (Teoria do Caos de avaliação em diferentes situações, doenças e faixas etárias, tendo como ferramenta a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC. OBJETIVO: Aplicar os conhecimentos das dinâmicas linear e não linear na avaliação de neonatos prematuros (NPT, analisando sua VFC e comparando com neonatos de termo (NT saudáveis. MÉTODOS: Quarenta e oito neonatos prematuros com diferentes idades gestacionais tiveram seus batimentos cardíacos captados com auxílio do equipamento Polar Advanced S810i e sua VFC obtida pelo registro dos intervalos RR. A VFC foi analisada nos domínios do tempo (SDNN, RMSSD, SD1/SD2, da frequência (VLF, LF, HF e a relação LF/HF e do caos (TAU e sua normalização [TAU(n], Expoente de Lyapunov e Entropia. Os NPT foram comparados com um grupo de 78 NT saudáveis e sem intercorrências perinatais com auxílio do teste não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTADOS: Detectou-se diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos para todas as variáveis estudadas, tanto no domínio do tempo como nos da frequência e do caos. CONCLUSÃO: Neonatos prematuros exibem comportamento menos complexo da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca que neonatos de termo, fato comprovado nos domínios do tempo, da frequência e do caos. O estudo da variabilidade cardíaca nesse grupo pode ser considerado uma ferramenta a mais na avaliação da maturação autonômica e, consequentemente, da progressão para eutrofia.

  14. Efeitos do levosimendan sobre TNF-alfa, PNB e MMP-1 em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca com anemia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mutlu Büyüklü

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: O levosimendan é conhecido pelo seu efeito bilateral de fortalecimento contração das miofibrilas sem aumentar a demanda de oxigênio no miocárdio. A anemia é uma deterioração que causa aumento da dosagem de fármacos em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca. OBJETIVO: No presente estudo comparamos a eficácia do tratamento com levosimendan em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca descompensada com ou sem anemia. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos no estudo 23 pacientes anêmicos com insuficiência cardíaca classe 3 ou 4, segundo a New York Heart Association (NYHA e fração de ejeção abaixo de 35%. Outros 23 pacientes com o mesmo diagnóstico cardíaco, mas sem anemia, serviu como grupo controle. Ao tratamento da insuficiência cardíaca tradicional desses pacientes foi acrescido um tratamento de 24 horas de levosimendan. Amostras foram tomadas para dosar os níveis séricos do fator de necrose tumoral alfa sérico (TNF-alfa, peptídeo natriurético cerebral aminoterminal (NT-proPNB e metaloproteinase da matriz 1 (MMP-1, antes e após a administração. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença significativa entre os níveis séricos de TNF-alfa e MMP-1, antes e depois do tratamento (p > 0,05. Embora o nível de NT-proBNP tenha diminuído em ambos os grupos após o tratamento, não foi estatisticamente significativo (p = 0,531 e p = 0,913 para os grupos de anemia e de controle, respectivamente. Uma restauração significativa da capacidade funcional foi observada em ambos os grupos avaliados, de acordo com a NYHA (p < 0,001 e p = 0,001 para os grupos de anemia e controle, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento com levosimendan apresenta efeitos semelhantes em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca, com anemia e sem anemia. No entanto, o efeito precoce desse tratamento sobre os níveis de TNF-alfa, NT-proPNB e MMP-1 não é evidente. Ele oferece uma melhora significativa na capacidade funcional, sem a influência da anemia.

  15. Comportamento do ergorreflexo na insuficiência cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliana Fernanda Canhadas Belli

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available Grande número de evidências tem sugerido a existência de uma rede de reflexos que se tornam hiperativos secundariamente a alterações músculo-esqueléticas que ocorrem na síndrome insuficiência cardíaca (IC. Estes, aliados aos reflexos cardiovasculares simpato-inibitórios, suprimidos na síndrome, podem contribuir para a intolerância ao exercício físico. A hiperativação dos sinais originados dos receptores localizados nos músculos esqueléticos (mecanoceptores - metaborreceptores é uma hipótese proposta recentemente para explicar a origem dos sintomas de fadiga e dispneia e os efeitos benéficos do treinamento físico na síndrome da IC. Na IC, outras alterações nos sistemas de controle reflexo, que não são mutuamente exclusivos, contribuem para dispneia. Estimulação inapropriada dos barorreceptores arteriais com consequente falta de inibição da descarga do metaborreflexo muscular e quimiorreflexo carotídeo e aumento da vasoconstricção renal com liberação de angiotensina II pode também ser considerada. Apesar das alterações funcionais dos reflexos terem sido usadas de maneira independente para ilustrar a excitação simpática observada na IC, a interação entre esses reflexos em condições normais e patológicas, especialmente sua contribuição para o estado simpato-excitatório encontrado na IC, não tem sido amplamente estudados. Assim, o problema se ambos os receptores musculares (mecano e metaborreceptores estão envolvidos na gênese da exacerbação do ergorreflexo observado na IC ainda fica a ser resolvido. Dessa forma, essa revisão tem por objetivo integrar os conhecimentos a respeito do mecano e metaborreflexo (ergorreflexo na síndrome da insuficiência cardíaca bem como esclarecer a influência da terapêutica medicamentosa da IC no ergorreflexo.

  16. Comportamento da frequência cardíaca em imersão nas situações de repouso e durante exercícios de hidroginástica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mabel Micheline Olkoski

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A frequência cardíaca é um parâmetro de fácil utilização para prescrição e controle da intensidade do exercício. Ao realizar um exercício no meio aquático ocorrem alterações fisiológicas significativas que devem ser compreendidas para a prescrição de exercícios, ocasionando assim os efeitos adaptativos adequados. OBJETIVO: Realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o comportamento da frequência cardíaca em imersão nas situações de repouso e durante exercícios de hidroginástica e sobre os fatores que a influenciam. RESULTADOS: Os estudos envidenciam que a frequência cardíaca pode ser influenciada pela profundidade devido ao gradiente de pressão hidrostática exercido sobre o corpo, bem como à termorregulação diferenciada. Em repouso, a frequência cardíaca pode variar de acordo com as diferentes temperaturas da água, posições corporais e profundidades. No entanto, a magnitude do efeito de cada um desses fatores sobre a frequência cardíaca ainda não é bem definido. CONCLUSÃO: Durante a realização de exercícios de hidroginástica, essa variável é proporcional à velocidade de execução do exercício, à utilização de equipamento resistivo, à área projetada e ao grupo muscular envolvido e inversamente proporcional à profundidade.

  17. Fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca: quem deve receber quimioprofilaxia?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Glaucylara Reis Geovanini

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available Avaliar fatores de risco arritmogênicos associados à maior incidência de fibrilação atrial (FA no pós-operatório (PO de cirurgia cardíaca (revascularização miocárdica e/ou cirurgia valvar, com o intuito de selecionar os mais propensos ao desenvolvimento dessa arritmia para possível quimioprofilaxia. Avaliarem-se 66 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca eletiva. Correlacionaram-se os principais fatores de risco (idade avançada, doença valvar (DV, aumento atrial esquerdo (AE, disfunção ventricular (DVE, distúrbio eletrolítico (DHE, cirurgia cardíaca prévia (CCP, uso prévio e suspensão de betabloqueador (B-Bloq e/ou digital 24 horas antes da cirurgia para o desenvolvimento de FA no PO. A incidência de FA foi elevada (47% em nossa casuística e mais freqüente no primeiro dia de PO. Dos pacientes pesquisados, 64% eram do sexo masculino com idade média de 62 anos. Entre os pacientes com dois ou menos fatores de risco para FA, apenas 24% desenvolveram a arritmia, enquanto a presença de três ou mais desses fatores esteve associada à sua maior incidência no PO (69%, (p = 0,04. Em ordem de maior freqüência, idade > 65 anos (em 58% dos pacientes foi o fator de risco mais prevalente, seguido de aumento do AE em 45% (p = 0,001 e DV em 38% (p = 0,02. A presença de três ou mais fatores de risco aumenta consideravelmente a incidência dessa arritmia no PO de cirurgia cardíaca. Entre os principais fatores, destacaram-se idade avançada, aumento do AE e doença valvar.

  18. Enfermedad cardíaca grave en la esclerosis sistémica Severe cardiac disease in scleroderma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro R. Grinberg

    2004-10-01

    Full Text Available Una mujer de 36 años de edad con diagnóstico de esclerosis sistémica (ES desarrolló un cuadro agudo de miositis esquelética e insuficiencia cardíaca grave. Evolucionó con shock cardiogénico y a pesar del tratamiento con drogas inotrópicas y altas dosis de corticoides falleció a los cinco días de haber ingresado. La autopsia reveló áreas de necrosis coagulativa miocárdicas con miocitolisis y necrosis en banda de contracción. Son muy pocos los casos comunicados de insuficiencia cardíaca grave asociada a la ES.A 36 year-old female with a diagnosis of systemic sclerosis suffered from an acute episode of skeletal myositis and refractory heart failure with cardiogenic shock. Despite immunosuppressive treatment with high doses of corticosteroids and hemodynamic support she died five days after admission. The autopsy showed cardiac myocytolysis, myocyte necrosis and contraction band necrosis. There are very few reported cases of severe heart failure associated to systemic sclerosis.

  19. Fase de convalecencia en la rehabilitación cardíaca. Protocolo de actuación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Susana Hernández García

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available La fase de convalecencia de la rehabilitación cardíaca tiene como propósito fundamental mejorar la capacidad funcional y fomentar un cambio del estilo de vida a través de todos los aspectos que integra la prevención secundaria fundamentalmente, en la incorporación a un programa de entrenamiento físico y en el control de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular, lo que favorece la reincorporación social y laboral de los enfermos. Con el objetivo de actualizar el protocolo de actuación de esta fase en nuestra institución se establecieron diferentes ejercicios con sus dosificaciones y recomendaciones para la rehabilitación de diferentes poblaciones, así como controles de la sesión de entrenamiento físico a tener en cuenta. Este protocolo permitirá aunar estrategias para mejorar la intervención fisioterapéutica en la fase de convalecencia del Programa Nacional de Rehabilitación Cardíaca en Cuba.

  20. Accurate placement of substrate RNA by Gar1 in H/ACA RNA-guided pseudouridylation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Peng; Yang, Lijiang; Gao, Yi Qin; Zhao, Xin Sheng

    2015-09-03

    H/ACA RNA-guided ribonucleoprotein particle (RNP), the most complicated RNA pseudouridylase so far known, uses H/ACA guide RNA for substrate capture and four proteins (Cbf5, Nop10, L7Ae and Gar1) for pseudouridylation. Although it was shown that Gar1 not only facilitates the product release, but also enhances the catalytic activity, the chemical role that Gar1 plays in this complicated machinery is largely unknown. Kinetics measurement on Pyrococcus furiosus RNPs at different temperatures making use of fluorescence anisotropy showed that Gar1 reduces the catalytic barrier through affecting the activation entropy instead of enthalpy. Site-directed mutagenesis combined with molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that V149 in the thumb loop of Cbf5 is critical in placing the target uridine to the right position toward catalytic D85 of Cbf5. The enzyme elegantly aligns the position of uridine in the catalytic site with the help of Gar1. In addition, conversion of uridine to pseudouridine results in a rigid syn configuration of the target nucleotide in the active site and causes Gar1 to pull out the thumb. Both factors guarantee the efficient release of the product. © The Author(s) 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

  1. Taquiarritmias postoperatorias en la cirugía cardíaca del adulto. Profilaxis

    OpenAIRE

    Fernando Enríquez; Antonio Jiménez

    2010-01-01

    Las arritmias en el periodo postoperatorio de la cirugía cardíaca suelen ser un hallazgo común ligado a múltiples mecanismos. Las condiciones particulares inherentes al acto quirúrgico pueden iniciar, facilitar o agravar un evento arrítmico por modificaciones en el sustrato anatómico y en sus moduladores. Aunque tradicionalmente consideradas como arritmias transitorias, diversos estudios muestran su asociación con una mayor morbimortalidad, riesgo de ictus, compromiso hemodinámico, iatrogenia...

  2. Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation improves protein utilization efficiency while vitamin E supplementation reduces markers of the inflammatory response in weaned pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic E.coli

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    Jae Cheol Kim; Bruce P.Mullan; John L.Black; Robert J.E.Hewitt; Robert J.van Barneveld; John R.Pluske

    2017-01-01

    Background:This experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that vitamin E (Vit E) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA),a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor,will additively reduce the production of the immunosuppressive molecule prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and hence reduce inflammatory responses in weaner pigs experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E.coli.Methods:The experiment was conducted in a research facility with 192 individually-housed male weaner pigs (Landrace × Large White) weighing 6.6 ± 0.04 kg (mean ± SEM).The pigs were experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E.coli and were allocated to a 2 × 3 factorial design with the respective factors being without and with 125 ppm ASA and three levels ofVit E supplementation (50,100 or 200 IU/kg diet,dl-α-tocopheryl acetate).Results:Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation improved average daily gain (P < 0.05) and tended to improve feed:gain ratio (P < 0.10) during the first 14 d after weaning.Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation also improved (P < 0.001) amino acid utilization efficiency (as assessed by plasma urea level) and tended to decrease (P < 0.10) PGE2 production in the liver without affecting small intestinal histology and tight junction protein mRNA expression in the jejunal epithelium.Vitamin E supplementation greater than 100 IU/kg diet sustained both the plasma Vit E concentration (P < 0.001) and plasma haptoglobin content (P < 0.001) after weaning.However,there was no additive effects of the combined supplementation of ASA and Vit E on performance,intestinal barrier function and inflammatory responses of weaned pigs.Conclusions:Although ASA and vitamin E improved amino acid utilization efficiency and reduced acute inflammatory responses,ASA and vitamin E did not additively reduce production of PGE2 and inflammatory responses in weaner pigs experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E.coli.

  3. Suporte ventilatório na capacidade funcional de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca: estudo piloto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eugênia da Silva Lima

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A insuficiência cardíaca é um importante problema de saúde pública, apresentando a dispneia e a fadiga como principais sintomas clínicos. A utilização do suporte ventilatório não invasivo vem atuando como coadjuvante da reabilitação cardíaca na tentativa de melhorar a capacidade funcional dos pacientes. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a capacidade funcional de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca submetidos ao suporte ventilatório. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados dados sociodemográficos, qualidade de vida, FC, pressão arterial (PA, saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2, dispneia, concentração de lactato, antes e depois do teste de caminhada de 6 minutos, e a distância percorrida de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca crônica (ICC, de ambos os sexos, com fração FEVE < 45,0%, randomizados em dois grupos: controle e CPAP (utilizou CPAP 10 cmH2O por 30 minutos. RESULTADOS: Participaram 12 pacientes com ICC classe funcional II e III (NYHA, com média de fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE, % de 35,3 ± 8,7, sendo que 8 eram do sexo masculino. A média de idade foi de 46,3 ± 10,3 anos. Na comparação entre os grupos Controle e CPAP, no final do 6º min, foi encontrada diferença significativa nos valores de SpO2% entre os grupos (Controle: 93,6 ± 1,5 % vs CPAP: 96,1 ± 1,8%; p = 0,027, dispneia (Controle: 13,1 ± 1,16 vs CPAP: 11 ± 0,8; p = 0,009, concentração de lactato (Controle: 3,3 ± 0,7 mmol/l vs CPAP: 2,3 ± 0,5 mmol/l; p = 0,025, e distância percorrida no TC6 (Controle: 420,6 ± 73,8 m vs CPAP: 534 ± 89,91 m; p = 0,038. CONCLUSÃO: A realização prévia do CPAP apresentou efeitos benéficos na SpO2, na dispneia, na concentração de lactato, no duplo produto e na distância percorrida no TC6 de pacientes com ICC na realização do TC6.

  4. Aneurisma de artéria ilíaca interna roto: relato de caso Ruptured internal iliac artery aneurysm: case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristina Toledo Afonso

    2009-03-01

    Full Text Available Aneurismas isolados da artéria ilíaca interna são raros, acometem 0,1% da população e correspondem a 1% dos aneurismas aorto-ilíacos. Na maioria das vezes, os pacientes são assintomáticos, mas podem apresentar dor abdominal, massa pulsátil no hipogástrio ou na fossa ilíaca, sintomas compressivos urinários, gastrointestinais ou neurológicos. Podem ocasionar quadro de abdome agudo, principalmente quando há ruptura. O diagnóstico precoce dos aneurismas isolados de artéria ilíaca interna é incomum, sendo identificados quando mais volumosos ou rotos, o que aumenta significativamente sua morbimortalidade e torna seu prognóstico mais reservado. Dessa forma, representam um desafio terapêutico. A ligadura cirúrgica tem sido o tratamento mais comum, entretanto a cirurgia endovascular tem mostrado bons resultados, inclusive nos aneurismas rotos. É relatado caso de aneurisma de artéria ilíaca interna isolado roto diagnosticado durante laparotomia para abordagem de abdome agudo.Isolated internal iliac artery aneurysms are rare. They affect 0.1% of the population, and account for 1% of aortoiliac aneurysms. Patients are mostly asymptomatic, yet they can have abdominal pain, pulsatile mass in the hypogastrium or iliac fossa, or urinary, gastrointestinal or neurological compressive symptoms. Such aneurysms are likely to course with an acute abdomen, especially when ruptured. Early diagnosis of isolated internal iliac artery aneurysms is difficult, as they are more easily detected when larger or ruptured, which significantly raises their morbidity and mortality rate and determines a poor prognosis. Therefore, they are a therapeutic challenge. Surgical ligation has been the most common treatment; however, the endovascular approach has presented good outcomes, even in the event of ruptured aneurysms. A case of ruptured isolated iliac artery aneurysm diagnosed during a laparotomy (acute abdomen approach is reported.

  5. Taquiarritmias postoperatorias en la cirugía cardíaca pediátrica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Enríquez

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available Las arritmias postoperatorias son frecuentes en la cirugía de las cardiopatías congénitas. Esta revisión actualiza y expone la evidencia científica sobre la incidencia, fisiopatología, profilaxis y tratamiento de las taquiarritmias en la cirugía cardíaca pediátrica. Existe muy poca información basada en estudios aleatorizados en pediatría, siendo la mayoría de las publicaciones series de diversos centros quirúrgicos.

  6. Seguridad del paciente en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca en UCI

    OpenAIRE

    Álvarez Menéndez, Katia

    2013-01-01

    Describir las medidas de seguridad del paciente que se adoptan en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca en UCI y comprobar que dichas medidas de seguridad del paciente son efectivas y proporcionan beneficios a los pacientes. Para ello se describen todos los protocolos y dispositivos específicos y se comparan los resultados obtenidos en cuanto a los protocolos de Neumonía Zero y Bacteriemia Zero.

  7. Incidência de cirurgia cardíaca em octogenários: estudo retrospectivo Incidencia de cirugía cardíaca en octogenarios: estudio retrospectivo Incidence of cardiac surgery in octogenarian patients: retrospective study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luciano Brandão Machado

    2003-09-01

    Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O aumento da expectativa de vida faz com que pacientes cada vez mais idosos tenham indicação de tratamento cirúrgico de cardiopatias. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a incidência de pacientes com mais de 80 anos submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca no Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP, nos últimos 16 anos. MÉTODO: Foram analisados, no período de 1986 a 2001, o número de cirurgias de revascularização do miocárdio (RM e cirurgia valvar (CV e, em cada grupo, o número de cirurgias em pacientes com mais de 80 anos. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente. RESULTADOS: Os dados revelam aumento progressivo do número de octogenários submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. As cirurgias de revascularização do miocárdio tiveram aumento de 0,13% em 1986 para 3,5% em 2001. As cirurgias valvares aumentaram de 0% em 1986 para 1,44% em 2001, registrando o maior valor de 3,02% em 1999. CONCLUSÕES: Os conhecimentos da fisiopatologia, da senilidade e os avanços no manuseio do trauma cirúrgico estão permitindo estender os recursos da cirurgia cardíaca no grupo de paciente mais idoso. A escolhas da técnica anestésica deve ser criteriosa, bem como a hidratação, a assistência ventilatória e a analgesia pós-operatória, permitindo redução da morbimortalidade neste grupo de maior risco cirúrgico.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: El aumento de la expectativa de vida hace con que pacientes cada vez mas edosos tengan indicación de tratamiento quirúrgico de cardiopatias. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la incidencia de pacientes con más de 80 años sometidos a cirugía cardíaca en el Instituto del Corazón del Hospital de Clínicas de la FMUSP, en los últimos 16 años. MÉTODO: Fueron analizados, en el período de 1986 a 2001, el número de cirugías de revascularización del miocardio (RM y cirugía valvar (CV y, en cada grupo, el número de cirugías en pacientes con más de 80 a

  8. Intraspecies diversity of Lactobacillus sakei response to oxidative stress and variability of strain performance in mixed strains challenges.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guilbaud, Morgan; Zagorec, Monique; Chaillou, Stéphane; Champomier-Vergès, Marie-Christine

    2012-04-01

    Lactobacillus sakei is a meat-borne lactic acid bacterium species exhibiting a wide genomic diversity. We have investigated the diversity of response to various oxidative compounds, between L. sakei strains, among a collection representing the genomic diversity. We observed various responses to the different compounds as well as a diversity of response depending on the aeration conditions used for cell growth. A principal component analysis revealed two main phenotypic groups, partially correlating with previously described genomic clusters. We designed strains mixes composed of three different strains, in order to examine the behavior of each strain, when cultured alone or in the presence of other strains. The strains composing the mixtures were chosen as diverse as possible, i.e. exhibiting diverse responses to oxidative stress and belonging to different genomic clusters. Growth and survival rates of each strain were monitored under various aeration conditions, with or without heme supplementation. The results obtained suggest that some strains may act as "helper" or "burden" strains depending on the oxidative conditions encountered during incubation. This study confirms that resistance to oxidative stress is extremely variable within the L. sakei species and that this property should be considered when investigating starter performance in the complex meat bacterial ecosystems. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  9. MODULAÇÃO AUTONÔMICA DA FREQUÊNCIA CARDÍACA E CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL AERÓBICA EM HEMIPARÉTICOS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mônica Furquim de Campos

    Full Text Available RESUMO Introdução: Tem sido observado que indivíduos acometidos por acidente vascular encefálico (AVE apresentam, além dos danos físicos, diminuição da capacidade aeróbica e alteração da modulação autonômica da frequência cardíaca, sendo estes importantes fatores para o aparecimento de doenças cardíacas e arritmias. Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos crônicos do AVE sobre a capacidade aeróbica (VO2pico e os índices de variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC, e se existe correlação entre essas duas variáveis. Métodos: Foram avaliados 11 indivíduos do sexo masculino, com idade entre 55 e 65 anos, acometidos por lesão cerebrovascular há pelo menos seis meses, e todos com hemiparesia. Foram realizadas as seguintes avaliações: teste de capacidade aeróbica máxima; registro dos intervalos R-R e cálculo dos índices da VFC (RMSSD, pNN50, AF, BF e a razão BF/AF. Para comparação entre VO2pico previsto e obtido utilizou-se o teste t de Student não pareado. Para testar a hipótese de correlação entre os índices de VFC e o VO2pico utilizou-se o teste de correlação de Pearson. Resultados: VO2pico (mL.kg-1.min-1 previsto e obtido, respectivamente = 32,15 ± 1,87 e 16,12 ± 5,51; índices da VFC: RMSSD (ms = 28,69 ± 26,78; pNN50 (% = 8,76 ± 12,62; AF (u.n. = 51,96 ± 22,4; BF (u.n. = 48,04 ± 22,49. O VO2pico correlacionou-se negativamente com os índices RMSSD, pNN50 e AF e positivamente com o índice BF (p < 0,05. Conclusão: Na fase crônica do AVE, variabilidade da frequência cardíaca encontra-se normal e os indivíduos com menor capacidade aeróbica apresentam maior modulação parassimpática e menor simpática, provavelmente em consequência da maior exigência física nas atividades de vida diária.

  10. Layout Design of Human-Machine Interaction Interface of Cabin Based on Cognitive Ergonomics and GA-ACA

    OpenAIRE

    Deng, Li; Wang, Guohua; Yu, Suihuai

    2016-01-01

    In order to consider the psychological cognitive characteristics affecting operating comfort and realize the automatic layout design, cognitive ergonomics and GA-ACA (genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm) were introduced into the layout design of human-machine interaction interface. First, from the perspective of cognitive psychology, according to the information processing process, the cognitive model of human-machine interaction interface was established. Then, the human cognitive cha...

  11. Consideraciones nutricionales en el paciente con falla cardíaca crónica Nutritional considerations in patients with chronic heart failure

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mario A Hernández

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available La insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva es un síndrome caracterizado por reducción del gasto cardíaco, aumento de las presiones de llenado ventricular y activación neuroendocrina, que lleva a un proceso de fibrosis y apoptosis de la célula cardíaca. Afecta alrededor de 23 millones de personas en el mundo y confiere un pésimo pronóstico una vez se diagnostica. Desde el punto de vista fisiopatológico, la relación entre citocinas pro-inflamatorias, activación neuro-hormonal y alteraciones gastrointestinales conduce a un estado denominado caquexia cardíaca, determinado por pérdida acelerada de peso, fatiga, reducción de la fuerza muscular, anorexia y disminución de la calidad de vida; este proceso es capaz de deteriorar aún más el pronóstico vital de estos pacientes. En las últimas dos décadas, se han realizado avances en el tratamiento farmacológico y eléctrico de la falla cardíaca; sin embargo los estudios en el campo no farmacológico son pocos, en especial en el aspecto nutricional, y así mismo son escasas las recomendaciones de las guías internacionales acerca del tema. En estudios pequeños, una aproximación nutricional ha demostrado impactar de manera positiva la calidad de vida y tolerancia al ejercicio, si bien se requieren grandes estudios para determinar la viabilidad de este abordaje en pacientes con falla cardíaca.Congestive heart failure is a syndrome characterized by reduced cardiac output, increased ventricular filling pressures and neuroendocrine activation, which leads to a process of cardiac cell fibrosis and apoptosis. It affects nearly 23 million people worldwide and once diagnosed has a poor prognosis. From a physiopathological point of view, the relationship between pro-inflammatory cytokines, neurohormonal activation and gastrointestinal disturbances leads to a condition called cardiac cachexia, characterized by accelerated weight loss, fatigue, decreased muscle strength, anorexia and decreased

  12. Avaliação por ressonância magnética de massas cardíacas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Fernanda Braggion-Santos

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Tumores cardíacos são extremamente raros; no entanto, quando há suspeita clínica, é necessária a correta avaliação diagnóstica, para planejar o tratamento mais adequado. Nesse contexto, a ressonância magnética cardiovascular tem um papel importante, permitindo uma abrangente caracterização de tais lesões. OBJETIVO: Revisar os casos encaminhados a um Serviço de Ressonância Magnética para investigação de massas cardíacas e paracardíacas. Descrever a série de casos positivos, juntamente de uma breve revisão da literatura para cada tipo de lesão e sobre o papel da ressonância magnética cardiovascular em sua avaliação. MÉTODOS: Entre agosto de 2008 e dezembro de 2011, foram revistos todos os casos de pacientes encaminhados a ressonância magnética com suspeita de neoplasia envolvendo o coração. Foram selecionados aqueles com confirmação histopatológica, evolução ou resposta terapêutica compatíveis com a suspeita clínica e achados de imagem. RESULTADOS: Entre os 13 pacientes incluídos neste estudo, oito (62% tiveram confirmação histopatológica. Foram descritas cinco neoplasias benignas (mixomas, rabdomioma e fibromas, cinco neoplasias malignas (sarcoma, linfoma, síndrome de Richter cardíaca e doença metastática e três lesões não neoplásicas (cisto pericárdico, trombo intracardíaco e vegetação infecciosa. CONCLUSÃO: A informação disponível sobre essa questão é escassa. Estudos prospectivos adicionais são necessários para elucidar o papel desses nutrientes no risco cardiovascular de pacientes com diabetes.

  13. Bioprospecting of powdered pineapple rind as an organic supplement of composted sawdust for Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom cultivation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Narh Mensah, Deborah L; Addo, Peter; Dzomeku, Matilda; Obodai, Mary

    2018-03-01

    Pineapple rind is a by-product of the pineapple processing industry and contains nutrients and other compounds which must be utilized as a bioresource for socio-economic benefits while preventing the potential problems of improper agroindustrial biomass disposal methods. Pleurotus ostreatus is an edible oyster mushroom with medicinal properties and can be cultivated on various agroindustrial biomass, including sawdust containing supplements. Pineapple rind was powdered and used as a supplement of composted sawdust at 2%, 5%, 10%, 12%, 15%, and 20% (w/w) on dry weight basis. A control treatment consisted of composted sawdust supplemented with rice bran at 12% (the most utilized composition in Ghana). P. ostreatus strain EM-1 was cultivated on these treatments. Factors investigated included the spawn run period, yield, fruiting body weight and size, biological efficiency, and nutritional composition (proximate composition and Copper, Zinc and Lead content) of fruiting bodies harvested from selected high-yielding treatments and the control treatment. Full colonization of all treatments occurred by the 34th day of incubation. Enhanced yield, fruiting body weight and size, and biological efficiency were generally recorded with supplementation at lower concentrations (2% and 5%) compared to treatments supplemented at higher concentrations. There was also a supplement concentration-dependent alteration of the nutritional composition of the mushroom. Powdered pineapple rind can be utilized as an organic supplement at relatively low concentrations in composted sawdust for P. ostreatus strain EM-1 cultivation. The use of lower concentrations of powdered pineapple rind in composted sawdust is advantageous as relatively less input will be required to produce higher P. ostreatus strain EM-1 yields. Utilization of pineapple rind for mushroom cultivation will extend the pineapple plant value chain, intensify mushroom production in a sustainable way, and minimize agricultural

  14. Polimorfismo G894T da óxido nítrico-sintetase endotelial e o prognóstico na insuficiência cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Oziel Marcio Araujo Tardin

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Estudos prévios avaliaram o papel do polimorfismo genético da enzima óxido nítrico-sintetase endotelial sobre o prognóstico na insuficiência cardíaca. Entretanto, faltam estudos relacionando o G894T e a insuficiência cardíaca na população brasileira. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação do G894T com o prognóstico de amostra de pacientes brasileiros com insuficiência cardíaca. MÉTODOS: Coorte com 145 pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca sistólica, num segmento de 40 meses (média = 22 meses, em dois hospitais universitários do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foi avaliada a relação do G894T com os desfechos: remodelamento reverso; melhora da classe funcional (NYHA; taxas de mortalidade e hospitalização. Os diâmetros do átrio e ventrículo esquerdos e a fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo foram medidos na admissão e após 6 meses, para avaliação do remodelamento reverso. A melhora na classe funcional foi avaliada após 6 meses e as taxas de mortalidade e de hospitalização durante todo o seguimento. A raça foi autodeclarada. O polimorfismo G894T foi analisado por reação em cadeia de polimerase e por análise do polimorfismo dos fragmentos de restrição. RESULTADOS: A frequência genotípica foi GG (40%, GT (48,3% e TT (11,7%, e a frequência alélica foi guanina (64,1% e tiamina (35,8%. Não houve diferença entre as frequências genotípica ou alélica conforme a raça autodeclarada, tampouco conforme as características basais. Não houve relação entre o genótipo ou a frequência alélica e os desfechos analisados. CONCLUSÃO: Não se observou associação do polimorfismo G894T (Glu298Asp com o prognóstico de amostra de pacientes ambulatoriais brasileiros com insuficiência cardíaca sistólica.

  15. La enfermedad celíaca se podría detectar con una determinación de anticuerpos antitransglutaminasa en la saliva

    OpenAIRE

    Cuestas Montañés, Eduardo José; Ortega Páez, Eduardo

    2011-01-01

    Este estudio avanza en la posibilidad de realizar una prueba de cribado simple e inocua para detectar la enfermedad celíaca a edades tempranas, lo que puede contribuir a disminuir la morbimortalidad asociada a la enfermedad.

  16. Political Ideology and Its Relationship to Perceptions of Social Justice Advocacy among Members of the American Counseling Association (ACA)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Steele, Janee Marie

    2010-01-01

    Social justice has become an increasingly controversial topic among members of the American Counseling Association (ACA). Specifically, concerns have been raised over what is perceived to be: (a) the liberal political agenda of social justice advocates, (b) the marginalization of conservative counselors, and (c) the inappropriate use of ACA…

  17. Metabolic Design of Corynebacterium glutamicum for Production of l-Cysteine with Consideration of Sulfur-Supplemented Animal Feed.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Joo, Young-Chul; Hyeon, Jeong Eun; Han, Sung Ok

    2017-06-14

    l-Cysteine is a valuable sulfur-containing amino acid widely used as a nutrition supplement in industrial food production, agriculture, and animal feed. However, this amino acid is mostly produced by acid hydrolysis and extraction from human or animal hairs. In this study, we constructed recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum strains that overexpress combinatorial genes for l-cysteine production. The aims of this work were to investigate the effect of the combined overexpression of serine acetyltransferase (CysE), O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase (CysK), and the transcriptional regulator CysR on l-cysteine production. The CysR-overexpressing strain accumulated approximately 2.7-fold more intracellular sulfide than the control strain (empty pMT-tac vector). Moreover, in the resulting CysEKR recombinant strain, combinatorial overexpression of genes involved in l-cysteine production successfully enhanced its production by approximately 3.0-fold relative to that in the control strain. This study demonstrates a biotechnological model for the production of animal feed supplements such as l-cysteine using metabolically engineered C. glutamicum.

  18. When public health and genetic privacy collide: positive and normative theories explaining how ACA's expansion of corporate wellness programs conflicts with GINA's privacy rules.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bard, Jennifer S

    2011-01-01

    The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) contains many provisions intended to increase access to and lower the cost of health care by adopting public health measures. One of these promotes the use of at-work wellness programs by both providing employers with grants to develop these programs and also increasing their ability to tie the price employees pay for health insurance for participating in these programs and meeting specific health goals. Yet despite ACA's specific alteration of three different statues which had in the past shielded employees from having to contribute to the cost of their health insurance based on their achieving employer-designated health markers, it chose to leave alone recently enacted rules implementing the Genetic Non-Discrimination Act (GINA), which prohibits employers from asking employees about their family health history in any context, including assessing their risk for setting wellness targets. This article reviews how both the changes made by ACA and the restrictions recently put place by GINA will affect the way employers are likely to structure Wellness Programs. It also considers how these changes reflect the competing social goals of both ACA, which seeks to expand access to the population by lowering costs, and GINA, which seeks to protect individuals from discrimination. It does so by analyzing both positive theories about how these new laws will function and normative theories explaining the likelihood of future friction between the interests of the population of the United States as a whole who are in need of increased and affordable access to health care, and of the individuals living in this country who risk discrimination, as science and medicine continue to make advances in linking genetic make-up to risk of future illness. © 2011 American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics, Inc.

  19. Enzymatic activity and immunoreactivity of Aca s 4, an alpha-amylase allergen from the storage mite Acarus siro

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Pytelková, Jana; Lepšík, Martin; Šanda, Miloslav; Talacko, Pavel; Marešová, Lucie; Mareš, Michael

    2012-01-01

    Roč. 13, č. 3 (2012), s. 1-8 ISSN 1471-2091 R&D Projects: GA ČR GP525/09/P600 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40550506 Keywords : Aca s 4 * Acarus siro * alpha - amylase s Subject RIV: CE - Biochemistry Impact factor: 1.776, year: 2012 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2091/13/3

  20. Prevalencia de malformaciones cardíacas congenitas en 44,985 nacimientos en Colombia§

    OpenAIRE

    Baltaxe,Erik; Zarante,Ignacio

    2006-01-01

    Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de malformaciones congenitas cardíacas en Colombia usando la metodología del Estudio Colaborativo Latinoamericano de Malformaciones Congenitas y hacer una descripción epidemiológica de la población estudiada. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo de casos y controles anidado en una cohorte que incluyó 44,985 neonatos nacidos entre junio 1 de 2001 y abril 30 de 2005 en once hospitales de Colombia. Resultados: Se reportaron 55 casos (1.2 por 1,000). Treinta y ...

  1. Caquexia associada à insuficiência cardíaca Heart failure-induced cachexia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marina Politi Okoshi

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available Pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca frequentemente desenvolvem estado de caquexia, que constitui fator independente de redução da sobrevida. Caquexia pode ser diagnosticada quando ocorre perda de peso corporal maior que 6% do peso habitual, na ausência de outras doenças. Embora sua fisiopatologia não esteja completamente esclarecida, vários fatores parecem estar envolvidos, como diminuição da ingestão alimentar, anormalidades do trato gastrointestinal, ativação imunológica e neuro-hormonal e alteração da relação entre processos anabólicos e catabólicos. Como não há terapia específica para a caquexia associada à insuficiência cardíaca, o tratamento baseia-se no suporte nutricional, bloqueio neuro-hormonal, controle do edema e anemia e exercícios físicos. Fármacos com propriedades imunomodulatórias e anabólicas encontram-se em investigação clínica e experimental.Heart failure patients often develop cachexia, which is an independent factor for survival reduction. Cachexia can be diagnosed when there is loss of more than 6% of the body weight, in the absence of other diseases. Even though its pathophysiology has not yet been completely clarified, various factors seem to be involved, such as reduction in food consumption, gastrointestinal tract abnormalities, immunologic and neuro-hormonal activarion and changes in the relationship between anabolic and catabolic processes. Since there is not specific therapy for heart failure-induced cachexia, management is based on nutritional support, neuro-hormonal blockade, control of edema and anemia and exercise. Drugs with anabolic and immunomodulating properties are being evaluated and clinical and non-clinical trials.

  2. Epidemiología de las taquiarritmias preoperatorias en la cirugía cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mario Castaño

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available La prevalencia de las taquiarritmias es cada vez mayor con el envejecimiento de la población. Los avances en el conocimiento de los mecanismos fisiopatológicos de las arritmias han favorecido el interés creciente actual en su prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento. En esta revisión abordamos los aspectos epidemiológicos de las taquiarritmias asociadas con la enfermedad cardíaca quirúrgica en pacientes pediátricos y adultos.

  3. Efeitos do tartarato de metoprolol em pacientes portadores de insuficiência cardíaca Effects of metoprolol tartrate therapy in patients with heart failure

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Albuquerque de Figueiredo Neto

    2006-09-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estudar os efeitos do tartarato de metoprolol em pacientes portadores de insuficiência cardíaca. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados em estudo prospectivo, 50 pacientes (36 homens com insuficiência cardíaca, classe funcional II a IV, com 52±14,8 anos, e fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE 0,05. A freqüência cardíaca apresentou redução de 78,84±batimentos por minuto para 67,48±1,86 batimentos por minuto (pOBJECTIVE: To study the effects of metoprolol tartrate therapy in patients with heart failure. METHODS: Fifty patients (36 males aged 52±14.8 yrs, with functional class II to IV heart failure (HF and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVFE 0.05. Cardiac frequency decreased from 78.84±1.68 to 67.48±1.86 b.p.m. (p<0.001. CONCLUSION: The adding of metoprolol tartrate to the usual heart failure therapy is followed by an increase of ejection fraction, functional class improvement, and decrease of ventricular diameters and cardiac frequency. These results suggest anti-remodeling effects in patients with HF who utilize metoprolol tartrate in addition to the usual therapy.

  4. Fisher: a program for the detection of H/ACA snoRNAs using MFE secondary structure prediction and comparative genomics - assessment and update.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Freyhult, Eva; Edvardsson, Sverker; Tamas, Ivica; Moulton, Vincent; Poole, Anthony M

    2008-07-21

    The H/ACA family of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) plays a central role in guiding the pseudouridylation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA). In an effort to systematically identify the complete set of rRNA-modifying H/ACA snoRNAs from the genome sequence of the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we developed a program - Fisher - and previously presented several candidate snoRNAs based on our analysis 1. In this report, we provide a brief update of this work, which was aborted after the publication of experimentally-identified snoRNAs 2 identical to candidates we had identified bioinformatically using Fisher. Our motivation for revisiting this work is to report on the status of the candidate snoRNAs described in 1, and secondly, to report that a modified version of Fisher together with the available multiple yeast genome sequences was able to correctly identify several H/ACA snoRNAs for modification sites not identified by the snoGPS program 3. While we are no longer developing Fisher, we briefly consider the merits of the Fisher algorithm relative to snoGPS, which may be of use for workers considering pursuing a similar search strategy for the identification of small RNAs. The modified source code for Fisher is made available as supplementary material. Our results confirm the validity of using minimum free energy (MFE) secondary structure prediction to guide comparative genomic screening for RNA families with few sequence constraints.

  5. Microstructure and strain distribution in freestanding Si membrane strained by Si{sub x}N{sub y} deposition

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gao Hongye, E-mail: qgaohongye@msn.com [Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580 (Japan); Ikeda, Ken-ichi; Hata, Satoshi; Nakashima, Hideharu [Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580 (Japan); Wang Dong; Nakashima, Hiroshi [Art, Science and Technology Center for Cooperative Research, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580 (Japan)

    2010-09-25

    Research highlights: {yields} Strain is introduced by deposition of amorphous Si{sub x}N{sub y} to improve the carrier mobility for a relatively large-size freestanding semiconductor film, which can be used for the fabrication of relatively large devices such like a bipolar junction transistor. However, standard Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction cannot provide sufficient lateral resolution to the strain in a relatively long (x {mu}m in length) and thin (x nm in thickness) freestanding semiconductor film. {yields} In present research, strain in a bridge-shaped freestanding Si membrane (FSSM) was measured by convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED) and finite element method (FEM). Compressive strain distribution was shown in three dimensions (3D) in FSSM, where no threading dislocation or stacking fault was found. Relaxation of the strain in FSSM in 3D was discussed based on a comparison of the strain magnitudes in FSSM as measured by CBED and FEM. - Abstract: Strain in a bridge-shaped freestanding Si membrane (FSSM) induced by depositing an amorphous Si{sub x}N{sub y} layer was measured by convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED). CBED results show that the strain magnitude depends negatively on the FSSM thickness. FEM is a supplement of the result of CBED due to the relaxation of TEM samples during fabricating. The FEM analysis results ascertain the strain property in three dimensions, and show that the strain magnitude depends negatively on the length of FSSM, and the magnitude of the compressive strain in FSSM increases as the position is closer to the upper Si/Si{sub x}N{sub y} interface.

  6. AVALIAÇÃO DE SAÚDE E DA DOR NO PÓS-OPERATÓRIO DE IDOSOS SUBMETIDOS À CIRURGIA CARDÍACA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thaiza Teixeira Xavier

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la salud y el dolor en pacientes ancianos con insuficiencia coronaria sometidos a cirugía cardíaca. Esta es una investigación de carácter analítico, transversal, con enfoque cuantitativo. La recolección de los datos se hizo por medio de una ficha de evaluación fisioterapéutica usando también la escala numérica de dolor, con 70 pacientes ancianos sometidos a cirugía cardíaca en dos hospitales en la ciudad de Natal/RN, Brasil. El rango de edad más frecuente fue de 60 a 69 años (61,43%, mayoría hombres (62,86%. En relación con el estado de salud el 61,43% de los sujetos tenían enfermedades preexistentes, siendo la de mayor distribución la hipertensión arterial (31.40%. El comportamiento del dolor fue moderado en el 1º y 3º días, y leve en el 2º y 4º días después de la operación. Por lo tanto, se constató que la mayoría de los pacientes ancianos sometidos a cirugía cardíaca eran del sexo masculino, que tenían patologías preexistentes, con la hipertensión arterial como la patología mas frecuente y con predominio de la intensidad del dolor moderado

  7. The gene bap, involved in biofilm production, is present in Staphylococcus spp. strains from nosocomial infections.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Potter, Amina; Ceotto, Hilana; Giambiagi-Demarval, Marcia; dos Santos, Kátia Regina Netto; Nes, Ingolf F; Bastos, Maria do Carmo de Freire

    2009-06-01

    This study analyzed ten strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) involved in nosocomial infections in three Brazilian hospitals. Their antibiotic susceptibility profile showed that most strains exhibited multiple antibiotic resistance and possessed the mecA gene. The ability of these strains to adhere to polystyrene microtiter plates was also tested and nine of them proved to be biofilm producers at least in one of the three conditions tested: growth in TSB, in TSB supplemented with NaCl, or in TSB supplemented with glucose. The presence of the bap gene, which codes for the biofilm-associated protein (Bap), was investigated in all ten strains by PCR. AU strains were bop-positive and DNA sequencing experiments confirmed that the fragments amplified were indeed part of a bap gene. The presence of the icaA gene, one of the genes involved in polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) formation, was also detected by PCR in eight of the ten strains tested. The two icaA-negative strains were either weak biofilm producer or no biofilm producer, although they were bop-positive. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the presence of the bap gene in nosocomial isolates of CNS, being also the first report on the presence of this gene in Staphylococcus haemolyticus and S. cohnii.

  8. Prevalencia de enfermedad celíaca en pacientes con hepatopatías crónicas

    OpenAIRE

    Crivelli, Adriana N.

    2016-01-01

    La enfermedad celíaca (EC) es definida como una enteropatía crónica del intestino delgado mediada por mecanismos inmunes, precipitada por la exposición al gluten y prolaminas relacionadas de la dieta, en individuos genéticamente predispuestos. Diversas enfermedades hepáticas pueden asociarse a la EC. El espectro del compromiso hepático en la EC es muy amplio e incluye, entre otros, enfermedad hepática criptogenética (desde leve a severa), hepatitis autoinmune, colangitis esclerosante primaria...

  9. Doença celíaca associada à tireoidite de Hashimoto e síndrome de Noonan

    OpenAIRE

    Perez,Mariana Ortega; Ciambelli,Giuliano Serafino; Nigri,Alcinda Aranha; Vieira,Marta Wey; Costa,Clóvis Duarte

    2010-01-01

    OBJETIVO: Relatar o caso clínico de uma criança portadora de doença celíaca, tireoidite de Hashimoto e síndrome de Noonan. DESCRIÇÃO DE CASO: Menina de dez anos e seis meses, branca, apresentando história de diarreia líquida há cinco meses e "aumento da barriga". Ao exame, mostrava peso de 20.580g (p

  10. A temperature-dependent structural investigation of electrical transitions in A 3conb2o9 perovskites (A=Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ting, V.; Liu, Y.; Withers, R.L.

    2006-01-01

    Upon heating, the 1:2 triple perovskites A 3 CoNb 2 O 9 (A=Ca, Sr or Ba) each undergo well-defined insulator to conductor phase transitions at ∼8, ∼126 and ∼325 deg. C, respectively. As the trend in the transition temperatures for these materials does not correlate with the size of the reported band gaps, neutron powder diffraction has been used to investigate if this change in electrical behaviour of the materials was due to a structural phase change. It was found that in the regions of the suspected phase transitions there were only slight perturbations of the structures, namely thermal expansion of the lattices and an apparent muting of the amplitude of the octahedral rotations in the A=Ca and Sr compound at higher temperatures

  11. Fermentation of Agave tequilana juice by Kloeckera africana: influence of amino-acid supplementations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Valle-Rodríguez, Juan Octavio; Hernández-Cortés, Guillermo; Córdova, Jesús; Estarrón-Espinosa, Mirna; Díaz-Montaño, Dulce María

    2012-02-01

    This study aimed to improve the fermentation efficiency of Kloeckera africana K1, in tequila fermentations. We investigated organic and inorganic nitrogen source requirements in continuous K. africana fermentations fed with Agave tequilana juice. The addition of a mixture of 20 amino-acids greatly improved the fermentation efficiency of this yeast, increasing the consumption of reducing sugars and production of ethanol, compared with fermentations supplemented with ammonium sulfate. The preference of K. africana for each of the 20 amino-acids was further determined in batch fermentations and we found that asparagine supplementation increased K. africana biomass production, reducing sugar consumption and ethanol production (by 30, 36.7 and 45%, respectively) over fermentations supplemented with ammonium sulfate. Therefore, asparagine appears to overcome K. africana nutritional limitation in Agave juice. Surprisingly, K. africana produced a high concentration of ethanol. This contrasts to poor ethanol productivities reported for other non-Saccharomyces yeasts indicating a relatively high ethanol tolerance for the K. africana K1 strain. Kloeckera spp. strains are known to synthesize a wide variety of volatile compounds and we have shown that amino-acid supplements influenced the synthesis by K. africana of important metabolites involved in the bouquet of tequila. The findings of this study have revealed important nutritional limitations of non-Saccharomyces yeasts fermenting Agave tequilana juice, and have highlighted the potential of K. africana in tequila production processes.

  12. Adverse effects of melatonin on rat pups of Wistar-Kyoto dams receiving melatonin supplementation during pregnancy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Singh, Harbindar Jeet; Keah, Lee Siew; Kumar, Arun; Sirajudeen, K N S

    2012-11-01

    This report documents an incidental finding during a study investigating the effects of melatonin supplementation on the development of blood pressure in SHR. Administration of 10 mg/kg/day of melatonin in drinking water during pregnancy to Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) dams caused a loss of more than 50% of the pups by the age of three weeks and 95% by the age of 6 weeks. There was no maternal morbidity or mortality in the two strains or death of any of the SHR pups. No obvious physical defects were present but mean body weight was lower in the surviving WKY rats when compared to that of melatonin supplemented SHR or non-supplemented WKY pups. The reason for the high mortality in WKY pups is uncertain and appears to be strain if not batch specific. There is a need for caution in its use, particularly during pregnancy, and clearly necessitates more detailed studies. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

  13. 197. Trombosis masiva biauricular intervenida mediante cirugía cardíaca con circulación extracorpórea

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R. Sánchez Pérez

    2012-04-01

    Conclusión: Destacamos la importancia del diagnóstico precoz y preciso de la trombosis biauricular con embolismo paradójico en aurícula izquierda a través de fosa oval, en el contexto de trombosis venosa profunda, debido a que puede beneficiarse de la cirugía cardíaca como tratamiento inicial.

  14. How the ACA's Health Insurance Expansions Have Affected Out-of-Pocket Cost-Sharing and Spending on Premiums.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Glied, Sherry; Solís-Román, Claudia; Parikh, Shivani

    2016-09-01

    One important benefit gained by the millions of Americans with health insurance through the Affordable Care Act (ACA) is protection from high out-of-pocket health spending. While Medicaid unambiguously reduces out-of-pocket premium and medical costs for low-income people, it is less certain that marketplace coverage and other types of insurance purchased to comply with the law's individual mandate also protect from high health spending. Goal: To compare out-of-pocket spending in 2014 to spending in 2013; assess how this spending changed in states where many people enrolled in the marketplaces relative to states where few people enrolled; and project the decline in the percentage of people paying high amounts out-of-pocket. Methods: Linear regression models were used to estimate whether people under age 65 spent above certain thresholds. Key findings and conclusions: The probability of incurring high out-of-pocket costs and premium expenses declined as marketplace enrollment increased. The percentage reductions were greatest among those with incomes between 250 percent and 399 percent of poverty, those who were eligible for premium subsidies, and those who previously were uninsured or had very limited nongroup coverage. These effects appear largely attributable to marketplace enrollment rather than to other ACA provisions or to economic trends.

  15. Health-related quality of life determinants in outpatients with heart failure Determinantes de la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud en pacientes atendidos en ambulatorios con insuficiencia cardíaca Determinantes da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em pacientes ambulatoriais com insuficiência cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Viviane Martinelli Pelegrino

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available This descriptive and exploratory study analyzed variables associated with health-related quality of life among 130 outpatients. Health-related quality of life was measured through the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. Significant associations were found between patients’ health-related quality of life and their age (r=-0.177; p=0.044, vitality (r=-0.625; p=Trata-se de estudo descritivo e exploratório que analisou as variáveis associadas à qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS, de 130 pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca, em seguimento ambulatorial. A QVRS foi avaliada pelo Minnesota Living with Heart Failure e realizada análise de regressão linear. A média da QVRS foi de 34,9 (dp=24,8; intervalo de 0 a 99. Foram encontradas associações significantes entre a medida da QVRS e idade (r=-0,177; p=0,044, vitalidade (r=-0,625; p=<0,001 e saúde mental (r=-0,672; p=<0,001, domínios do SF-36. A regressão linear mostrou que a gravidade dos sintomas da insuficiência cardíaca, e dois domínios do SF-36, vitalidade e saúde mental, explicaram 54% da variação da medida da QVRS. Controlar os sintomas e manter bem-estar mental é essencial para a manutenção da QVRS e são essenciais para o cuidado eficaz da insuficiência cardíaca.

  16. Quantitative analysis of cardiac lesions in chronic canine chagasic cardiomyopathy Análise quantitativa das lesões cardíacas na cardiomiopatia chagásica crônica canina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Vidigal CALIARI

    2002-10-01

    Full Text Available Lesions observed in chronic chagasic cardiopathy frequently produce electrocardiographic alterations and affect cardiac function. Through a computerized morphometrical analysis we quantified the areas occupied by cardiac muscle, connective and adipose tissues in the right atrium of dogs experimentally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. All of the infected dogs showed chronic myocarditis with variable reduction levels of cardiac muscle, fibrosis and adipose tissue replacement. In the atrial myocardium of dogs infected with Be78 and Be62 cardiac muscle represented 34 and 50%, fibrosis 28 and 32% and adipose tissue 38 and 18%, respectively. The fibrosis observed was both diffuse and focal and mostly intrafascicular, either partially or completely interrupting the path of muscle bundles. Such histological alterations probably contributed to the appearance of electrocardiographic disturbances verified in 10 out 11 dogs which are also common in human chronic chagasic cardiopathy. Fibrosis was the most important microscopic occurrence found since it produces rearrangements of collagen fibers in relation to myocardiocytes which causes changes in anatomical physiognomy and mechanical behavior of the myocardium. These abnormalities can contribute to the appearance of cardiac malfunction, arrythmias and congestive cardiac insufficiency as observed in two of the analyzed dogs. Strain Be78 caused destruction of atrial cardiac muscle higher than that induced by strain Be62.As lesões observadas na cardiopatia chagásica crônica frequentemente produzem alterações eletrocardiográficas e afetam a função cardíaca. Através de uma análise morfométrica computadorizada nós quantificamos as áreas ocupadas por músculo cardíaco, tecido conjuntivo fibroso e tecido adiposo no átrio direito de cães experimentalmente infectados pelo Trypanosoma cruzi. Todos os cães infectados apresentaram miocardite crônica fibrosante com graus variáveis de redução de m

  17. Frequência Cardíaca de Recuperação no Primeiro Minuto no Teste de Caminhada de Seis Minutos em Pacientes com Insuficiência Cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sabrina Lindemberg

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: A frequência cardíaca de recuperação no primeiro minuto (FCR1 é um preditor de mortalidade na insuficiência cardíaca (IC, mas seu prognóstico não foi avaliado no teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6M nesses pacientes. Objetivo: Esse estudo teve como objetivo determinar a FCR1 no TC6M em pacientes com IC e sua correlação com a distância percorrida em seis minutos (DP6M. Métodos: Protocolo controlado, transversal, com 161 indivíduos, 126 pacientes com IC sistólica estável, divididos em dois grupos (G1 e G2, que receberam ou não β-bloqueador e 35 voluntários no grupo controle (G3 que tiveram a FCR1 registrada no TC6M. Resultados: A FCR1 e a DP6M foram significativamente diferentes nos três grupos. Os valores médios de FCR1 e DP6M foram: FCR1 = 12 ± 14 bpm G1, 18 ± 16 bpm G2 e 21 ± 13 bpm G3; DP6M = 423 ± 102 m G1, G2 396 ± 101 m e 484 ± 96 m G3 (p < 0,05. Os resultados demonstraram uma correlação entre FCR1 e DP6M no G1 (r = 0,3, p = 0,04 e G3 (r = 0,4, p = 0,03, mas não em G2 (r = 0,12, p = 0,48. Conclusão: A resposta da FCR1 foi atenuada em pacientes em uso de βB e mostrou correlação com o TC6M, refletindo uma melhor tolerância ao exercício. A FCR1 após a DP6M parece representar uma alternativa quando os testes de esforço na esteira não são tolerados.

  18. 279. El derrame pericárdico postoperatorio en cirugía cardíaca: Incidencia e impacto en los resultados quirúrgicos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    E. Sandoval

    2012-04-01

    Conclusión: La ecocardiografía es una exploración inocua que permite el diagnóstico rápido de DP potencialmente letal, que tiene un componente medicolegal. Debe realizarse a todo postoperado de cirugía cardíaca.

  19. Cyclic strain-induced endothelial MMP-2: role in vascular smooth muscle cell migration

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sweeney, Nicholas von Offenberg; Cummins, Philip M.; Birney, Yvonne A.; Redmond, Eileen M.; Cahill, Paul A.

    2004-01-01

    Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a vital role in vasculature response to hemodynamic stimuli via the degradation of extracellular matrix substrates. In this study, we investigated the putative role of cyclic strain-induced endothelial MMP-2 (and MMP-9) expression and release in modulating bovine aortic smooth muscle cell (BASMC) migration in vitro. Equibiaxial cyclic strain of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) leads to elevation in cellular MMP-2 (and MMP-9) expression, activity, and secretion into conditioned media, events which were time- and force-dependent. Subsequent incubation of BASMCs with conditioned media from chronically strained BAECs (5%, 24 h) significantly reduces BASMC migration (38 ± 6%), an inhibitory effect which could be completely reversed by targeted siRNA 'knock-down' of MMP-2 (but not MMP-9) expression and activity in BAECs. Moreover, inhibition of strain-mediated MMP-2 expression in BAECs by protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) blockade with genistein (50 μM) was also found to completely reverse this inhibitory effect on BASMC migration. Finally, direct supplementation of recombinant MMP-2 into the BASMC migration assay was found to have no significant effect on migration. However, the effect on BASMC migration of MMP-2 siRNA transfection in BAECs could be reversed by supplementation of recombinant MMP-2 into BAEC media prior to (and for the duration of) strain. These findings reveal a potentially novel role for strain-induced endothelial MMP-2 in regulating vascular SMC migration

  20. Fisher: a program for the detection of H/ACA snoRNAs using MFE secondary structure prediction and comparative genomics – assessment and update

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tamas Ivica

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background The H/ACA family of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs plays a central role in guiding the pseudouridylation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA. In an effort to systematically identify the complete set of rRNA-modifying H/ACA snoRNAs from the genome sequence of the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we developed a program – Fisher – and previously presented several candidate snoRNAs based on our analysis 1. Findings In this report, we provide a brief update of this work, which was aborted after the publication of experimentally-identified snoRNAs 2 identical to candidates we had identified bioinformatically using Fisher. Our motivation for revisiting this work is to report on the status of the candidate snoRNAs described in 1, and secondly, to report that a modified version of Fisher together with the available multiple yeast genome sequences was able to correctly identify several H/ACA snoRNAs for modification sites not identified by the snoGPS program 3. While we are no longer developing Fisher, we briefly consider the merits of the Fisher algorithm relative to snoGPS, which may be of use for workers considering pursuing a similar search strategy for the identification of small RNAs. The modified source code for Fisher is made available as supplementary material. Conclusion Our results confirm the validity of using minimum free energy (MFE secondary structure prediction to guide comparative genomic screening for RNA families with few sequence constraints.

  1. Market Assessment and Product Evaluation of Probiotic Containing Dietary Supplements Available in Bangladesh Market

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anjuman Ara Begum

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Probiotics containing food supplements available in Bangladesh market were identified and collected for assessment. To assess their label claim, they were resuspended into sterile distilled water. Then, series dilutions of each sample solution were prepared and immediately plated out, in duplicate, into De Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS agar. These plates were then incubated at 37°C for 48 hours and colonies were counted. Viable cell numbers stated on the labels were compared with actual viable cell numbers. To assess the viability of the probiotics included in the products, probiotic strains were isolated from each of the four products and screened for inhibitory activity against six indicator strains. It was surprisingly found that although the viable cell numbers of all supplements were three to four log cycles lower than label claim of the products, however, this problem did not affect the inhibitory activity of the probiotic strains against indicator strains according to in vitro assessment. Legislation and regulation regarding prebiotic-probiotic containing products should be built up in Bangladesh to ensure quality products supply to the consumers. Moreover, manufacturers of probiotic containing products should take the responsibility for providing the consumer with scientifically and legally correct information.

  2. A calcium-dependent protein kinase can inhibit a calmodulin-stimulated Ca2+ pump (ACA2) located in the endoplasmic reticulum of Arabidopsis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hwang, I.; Sze, H.; Harper, J. F.; Evans, M. L. (Principal Investigator)

    2000-01-01

    The magnitude and duration of a cytosolic Ca(2+) release can potentially be altered by changing the rate of Ca(2+) efflux. In plant cells, Ca(2+) efflux from the cytoplasm is mediated by H(+)/Ca(2+)-antiporters and two types of Ca(2+)-ATPases. ACA2 was recently identified as a calmodulin-regulated Ca(2+)-pump located in the endoplasmic reticulum. Here, we show that phosphorylation of its N-terminal regulatory domain by a Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase (CDPK isoform CPK1), inhibits both basal activity ( approximately 10%) and calmodulin stimulation ( approximately 75%), as shown by Ca(2+)-transport assays with recombinant enzyme expressed in yeast. A CDPK phosphorylation site was mapped to Ser(45) near a calmodulin binding site, using a fusion protein containing the N-terminal domain as an in vitro substrate for a recombinant CPK1. In a full-length enzyme, an Ala substitution for Ser(45) (S45/A) completely blocked the observed CDPK inhibition of both basal and calmodulin-stimulated activities. An Asp substitution (S45/D) mimicked phosphoinhibition, indicating that a negative charge at this position is sufficient to account for phosphoinhibition. Interestingly, prior binding of calmodulin blocked phosphorylation. This suggests that, once ACA2 binds calmodulin, its activation state becomes resistant to phosphoinhibition. These results support the hypothesis that ACA2 activity is regulated as the balance between the initial kinetics of calmodulin stimulation and CDPK inhibition, providing an example in plants for a potential point of crosstalk between two different Ca(2+)-signaling pathways.

  3. Controle da dor no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca: uma breve revisão

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luciano Ramos de Lima

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar as terapêuticas analgésicas para controle da dor no pós-operatório de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca e os instrumentos utilizados para mensurar a experiência dolorosa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica realizada por meio de revisão da literatura nas bases de dados eletrônicos LILACS, revistas eletrônicas da SciELO, dissertações e teses. Foram utilizados os descritores analgesia, analgesia controlada pelo paciente, cirurgia cardíaca, avaliação e dor pós-operatória. O levantamento dos dados ocorreu em maio de 2007 e foram selecionados estudos publicados no período de maio de 1997 a maio de 2007. Na análise realizou-se síntese reflexiva dos estudos. Dos 23 estudos levantados foram utilizados 8 artigos e uma dissertação de mestrado. A técnica de analgesia mais utilizada foi a Analgesia Controlada pelo Paciente (ACP e os medicamentos mais utilizado foram os opióides, como a morfina, seguidos por antiflamatórios não esteroidais (AINEs e dipirona. Não foram encontrados estudos que utilizaram a terapêutica não farmacológica. Os instrumentos de avaliação de dor frequentemente utilizados nestes estudos incluíram as escalas unidimensionais como a escala numérica verbal e a escala analógica visual. Ficou também evidenciado que os enfermeiros estão pouco envolvidos em pesquisas que abordam o controle da dor no período pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca.

  4. Intervención psicológica en cirugía cardíaca

    OpenAIRE

    Yalilis Castillero Amador

    2007-01-01

    La cirugía mayor y en particular la cirugía cardiovascular son una fuente potencial de estrés. Este artículo muestra la efectividad de la preparación psicológica en los pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca. A través de una revisión de la literatura consideramos el impacto, tanto físico como psicológico, que tiene el padecer una enfermedad cardiovascular y el ser sometido a una cirugía del corazón.El corazón es un órgano al que se le atribuye un carácter de primacía en relación con los otros...

  5. Effect of olive mill waste (OMW) supplementation to Oyster mushrooms substrates on the cultivation parameters and fruiting bodies quality

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ruiz-Rodriguez, A.; Soler-Rivas, C.; Polonia, I.; Wichers, H.J.

    2010-01-01

    Seven Oyster mushroom strains were cultivated in wheat straw (WS) bags supplemented with 0 up to 90% olive mill waste (OMW), a solid residue obtained from a two-phases olive oil production system. All mushroom strains could grow but high OMW concentrations resulted in a significant yield, biological

  6. Peculiaridades no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca no paciente idoso Peculiaridades en el post operatorio de cirugía cardíaca en el paciente de edad avanzada Peculiarities of post-cardiac surgery care in elderly patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo de Oliveira Vasconcelos Filho

    2004-10-01

    Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O paciente idoso tem características fisiológicas próprias e, muitas vezes, pode apresentar deficiências orgânicas ou afecções graves, que por si, já tornam o pós-operatório complicado. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma revisão das condutas pós-operatórias de cirurgia cardíaca no idoso, apresentando as alterações mais freqüentes nesse tipo de paciente. CONTEÚDO: As condutas no período intra-operatório do paciente idoso devem ser tomadas tendo em vista a diminuição da morbidade pós-operatória. Na chegada do paciente idoso à UTI, devem ser cumpridos os mesmos critérios utilizados na internação de outros pacientes adultos de cirurgia cardíaca, para o serviço ter sempre um padrão, que não leve a uma alteração na rotina e que não provoque equívocos. Estabelecer um plano de cuidados intensivos para o pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca irá resultar em uma ótima utilização de recursos da unidade, em efetividade de atenção e em diminuição do tempo nos cuidados em relação ao paciente idoso. Os exames auxiliares solicitados também devem seguir um padrão, estabelecido pelo serviço, a não ser que alterações sejam identificadas. Complicações neurológicas, pulmonares, circulatórias, insuficiência renal, infecção e hipotireoidismo são freqüentes, com particularidades no idoso. Elas estão delineadas neste artigo e devem ser bem compreendidas pelo intensivista que cuida desse tipo de paciente. CONCLUSÕES: As complicações apresentadas neste artigo são as que trazem maior preocupação ao intensivista, quando há um paciente idoso em pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca na UTI. Este paciente necessita de cuidados especiais, mesmo quando a cirurgia transcorre em perfeita normalidade, pois o estresse cirúrgico é muito grande e o idoso tem reserva funcional diminuída.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: El paciente de edad avanzada tiene características fisiol

  7. Interleucina 1β correlaciona-se com MIBG e parâmetros do exercício, na insuficiência cardíaca?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leandro Rocha Messias

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Na insuficiência cardíaca, níveis de interleucina 1β (IL 1β se associam a prognóstico. A atividade adrenérgica cardíaca avaliada através da cintilografia com metiodobenzilguanidina (I123 MIBG e parâmetros do exercício são importantes preditores de prognóstico. A relação entre essas variáveis não está bem definida. OBJETIVO: Avaliar associação entre níveis de IL 1β com parâmetros do exercício e do I123 MIBG. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional transversal, com avaliação de 25 pacientes consecutivos com insuficiência cardíaca e fração de ejeção menor que 45%, através de: dosagem de IL 1β; parâmetros do I123 MIBG [relação coração/mediastino precoce e tardia, taxa de washout (WO]; e teste ergométrico em esteira pelo protocolo de Rampa. RESULTADOS: Separados em dois grupos pelos níveis de IL 1β (normal vs. elevado, o grupo com níveis aumentados apresentava menor reserva de duplo produto (RDP, menor capacidade funcional (CF e recuperação mais lenta da frequência cardíaca no 1º (RFC 1º e 2º minuto (RFC 2º, e maior WO. Na análise univariada, todas as variáveis se correlacionaram com a IL 1β; RDP: r = 0,203, p = 0,024; CF: r = 0,181, p = 0,034; RFC 1º: r = 0,182, p = 0,034; RFC 2º: r = 0,204, p = 0,023; WO: r = 0,263, p = 0,009. Na multivariada, apenas a WO permaneceu com correlação significativa (r2 = 0,263, p = 0,009. CONCLUSÃO: A hipertonia adrenérgica foi o principal determinante dos níveis de IL 1β, demonstrando que a atividade simpática excessiva influencia a atividade inflamatória sistêmica. As variáveis do teste ergométrico não foram capazes de identificar pacientes com níveis elevados de IL 1β.

  8. Há evidências favorecendo o uso de betabloqueadores e dobutamina na insuficiência cardíaca aguda?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Carlos Santana Passos

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Diversos estudos relataram os benefícios dos betabloqueadores (BB para pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca sistólica. No entanto, muitos pacientes hospitalizados em decorrência de insuficiência cardíaca aguda já estão usando os BB e requerem dobutaminas para hipotensão arterial e baixo débito cardíaco. Portanto, deve-se tomar uma decisão a respeito de se o BB deve ser mantido ou até mesmo iniciado nesses casos. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar se há provas que sustentem a segurança e a eficácia dos BB junto com a dobutamina para pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca aguda descompensada (ICAD. Foi realizada uma pesquisa na literatura de língua inglesa nas bases de dados MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Cochrane Library e o Portal de Revistas Científicas do Capes para identificar estudos relacionados. Literatura adicional foi obtida mediante a análise das respectivas referências encontradas nos artigos identificados. Os resultados esperados incluíram informações sobre o prognóstico (intra-hospitalar e na mortalidade no acompanhamento, número de dias de internação e reinternação, eficácia e segurança (agravamento dos sintomas, choque, intolerância do uso concomitante desses medicamentos em pacientes hospitalizados com ICAD e baixo débito cardíaco. Esta análise incluiu nove estudos. No entanto, não foram encontrados ensaios clínicos randomizados sobre o assunto. A maioria dos estudos inclui baixo número de pacientes, e não foram encontrados estudos que abordem a segurança do uso concomitante desses medicamentos. Os dados resultantes sugerem que uma cuidadosa revisão da literatura não forneceu evidências para o uso sistemático de BB em pacientes com síndrome de baixo débito cardíaco que necessitam de suporte inotrópico com dobutamina.

  9. Origem, ramificação e distribuição da artéria celíaca no tucano-de-bico-verde (Ramphastos dicolorus Linnaeus, 1766

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Osório J. Silva Neto

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available O tucano-de-bico-verde (Ramphastos dicolorus é uma ave encontrada nas florestas tropicais americanas e pertence à Ordem Piciforme, Família Ramphastidae. Neste trabalho objetivou-se descrever a origem, a ramificação e a distribuição da artéria celíaca do tucano-de-bico-verde. Foram utilizados três espécimes provenientes do Criatório Científico e Cultural de Poços de Caldas, MG (IBAMA, 2.31.94-00006, doados após óbito por causas naturais. As aves tiveram a artéria isquiática direita canulada para injeção de solução de látex corado, e após fixação em solução de formol a 10% foram dissecadas. A artéria celíaca originou-se a partir da porção descendente da aorta, emitindo como primeiro ramo colateral a artéria pró-ventricular dorsal. Esta emitiu ramos esofágicos e continuou-se como artéria gástrica dorsal, de aspecto tortuoso, terminando em anastomose com a artéria gástrica direita. Após curto trajeto, a artéria celíaca formou dois ramos colaterais, o esquerdo e o direito. O ramo esquerdo logo se ramificou formando a artéria pró-ventricular ventral com seus ramos esofágicos, artéria gástrica esquerda, que originou a artéria hepática esquerda, e finalmente a artéria gastroduodenal, que emitiu as artérias gástricas ventrais e duodenais. O ramo direito da artéria celíaca emitiu as artérias lienais e hepática direita, continuando-se como artéria pancreático-duodenal. Esta formou a artéria pilórica dorsal, duas artérias gástricas direitas, vários ramos duodenais, pancreáticos e a artéria duodeno-jejunal. Assim, a artéria celíaca nos três espécimes de tucano-de-bico-verde, exibiu um arranjo que se assemelha tanto ao descrito em aves domésticas quanto ao de aves silvestres.

  10. Contusión cardíaca: Informe de 4 casos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrés Cazau Cuervo

    1997-04-01

    Full Text Available Se presentaron 4 pacientes del sexo masculino (historias clínicas números 767 451, 898 039, 606 959 y 780 349, con antecedentes, hallazgos físicos y métodos diagnósticos positivos de contusión cardíaca, los cuales fueron atendidos en el Centro de Urgencias del Hospital (Instituto Superior de Medicina Militar "Luis Díaz Soto" entre el 25 de octubre de 1989 y el 12 de febrero de 1990. El paciente más joven tenía 18 años y el más viejo 64. Los 4 pacientes presentaron síntomas variables de contusión cardíaca. El dolor retroesternal fue la manifestación clínica más constante. De los métodos utilizados para el diagnóstico, las alteraciones del segmento ST y de la onda T en los electrocardiogramas y la elevación en el suero de la fracción MB de la creatina fosfoquinasa por encima del 5 % fueron los elementos de mayor valor para el diagnóstico. Los indicadores pronósticos fueron de 20 en los casos 1, 2 y 3 (severo sin peligro de muerte y en el cuarto fue de 34 (severo con peligro de muerte. Todos los enfermos evolucionaron favorablementeFour male patients (medical records 767 451, 898 039, 606 959, and 780 349 presenting with clinical histories, physical findings, and positive diagnostic methods evidencing a cardiac contusion were attended at the Emergency Department of "Luis Díaz Soto" Higher Institute of Military Medicine between October 25, 1989 and February 12, 1990. The youngest patients was 18 years old and the oldest 64 years old. The four patients presented with different symptoms suggesting a cardiac contusion. The retrosternal pain was the principal clinical manifestation. From the methods used for the diagnosis, alterations of the ST segment and of the T wave in the electrocardiograms and the rise in serum MB fraction of creatine phosphokinase above 5 % were found to be the most useful elements for the diagnosis. The prognostic indicators were 20 in cases 1, 2, and 3 (severe with no risk of death and in case 4 were 34

  11. Arabidopsis calmodulin-like protein CML36 is a calcium (Ca2+) sensor that interacts with the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase isoform ACA8 and stimulates its activity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Astegno, Alessandra; Bonza, Maria Cristina; Vallone, Rosario; La Verde, Valentina; D'Onofrio, Mariapina; Luoni, Laura; Molesini, Barbara; Dominici, Paola

    2017-09-08

    Calmodulin-like (CML) proteins are major EF-hand-containing, calcium (Ca 2+ )-binding proteins with crucial roles in plant development and in coordinating plant stress tolerance. Given their abundance in plants, the properties of Ca 2+ sensors and identification of novel target proteins of CMLs deserve special attention. To this end, we recombinantly produced and biochemically characterized CML36 from Arabidopsis thaliana We analyzed Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ binding to the individual EF-hands, observed metal-induced conformational changes, and identified a physiologically relevant target. CML36 possesses two high-affinity Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ mixed binding sites and two low-affinity Ca 2+ -specific sites. Binding of Ca 2+ induced an increase in the α-helical content and a conformational change that lead to the exposure of hydrophobic regions responsible for target protein recognition. Cation binding, either Ca 2+ or Mg 2+ , stabilized the secondary and tertiary structures of CML36, guiding a large structural transition from a molten globule apo-state to a compact holoconformation. Importantly, through in vitro binding and activity assays, we showed that CML36 interacts directly with the regulative N terminus of the Arabidopsis plasma membrane Ca 2+ -ATPase isoform 8 (ACA8) and that this interaction stimulates ACA8 activity. Gene expression analysis revealed that CML36 and ACA8 are co-expressed mainly in inflorescences. Collectively, our results support a role for CML36 as a Ca 2+ sensor that binds to and modulates ACA8, uncovering a possible involvement of the CML protein family in the modulation of plant-autoinhibited Ca 2+ pumps. © 2017 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

  12. Screening of Auricularia auricula strains for strong production ability of melanin pigments

    OpenAIRE

    ZOU, Yu; MA, Kun

    2017-01-01

    Abstract Melanin pigments have great application value and development potential in food industry to use as nature functional food colorants. In initial study, twenty-two Auricularia auricula strains were screened for stronger production ability of melanin pigments by solid culture. Three A. auricula strains (RF201, QD2 and QD6) with higher pigment production capacity were selected for further study through submerged culture supplementing 1 g/L l-tyrosine. The maximal pigment yields of A. aur...

  13. Grupo de pacientes de cirurgia cardíaca: relato de experiência

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elisa Helena Kuhn

    1986-09-01

    Full Text Available Neste trabalho relata-se uma experiência de grupo com pacientes de cirurgia cardíaca. A atividade realiza-se no INSTITUTO DE CARDIOLOGIA DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL e tem por objetivo proporcionar aos pacientes a oportunidade de verbalizarem suas ansiedades e conversarem sobre suas experiências relacionadas com a cirurgia e anestesia. Os grupos reúnem-se duas vezes por semana sendo constituídos por pacientes adultos em pré e pós-operatório imediato. A equipe de saúde é composta por enfermeiros, psicólogo, anestesista, cardiologistas e fisioterapeutas e sua atuação é no sentido de auxiliar na compreensão dos procedimentos aos quais o paciente vai se submeter, desfazendo fantasias distorcidas da realidade.

  14. Resincronización en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca. ¿Podría tener alguna utilidad? Resultados preliminares

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Enrique Oliva de Anquín

    2006-01-01

    Conclusiones: Debería tenerse en cuenta el posible efecto negativo de la estimulación sobre la función ventricular a la hora de decidir localización y tipo de estimulación en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca.

  15. Diagnósticos de enfermagem em pacientes no período pós-operatório de cirurgias cardíacas Diagnósticos de enfermería en pacientes en el período postoperatorio de cirugías cardíacas Nursing diagnoses in patients in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Flávia Lamberti Pivoto

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar, em conjunto com enfermeiras de uma Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo Pós-Operatória Cardiológica, diagnósticos de enfermagem presentes em pacientes no período pós-operatório de cirurgias cardíacas, com vistas à futura implementação do processo de enfermagem nessa unidade. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, ancorado na pesquisa convergente-assistencial. Os dados foram obtidos, nos registros de enfermagem de 20 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca, no mês de abril de 2008, acrescidos da experiência profissional de seis enfermeiras participantes do grupo de convergência reunido durante cinco encontros. RESULTADOS: Foram estabelecidos 15 diagnósticos, segundo a Taxonomia II da North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, corroborados por outros autores. CONCLUSÃO: Identificar diagnósticos de enfermagem comuns em pacientes no pós-operatório de cirurgias cardíacas permite um direcionamento da assistência de enfermagem e subsidia o estabelecimento de intervenções fundamentadas e adequadas às necessidades individuais apresentadas por esses pacientes.OBJETIVO: Identificar en conjunto con las enfermeras, de una Unidad de Tratamiento Intensivo Postoperatorio Cardiológico, los diagnósticos de enfermería realizados en pacientes en el período postoperatorio de cirugías cardíacas, con la finalidad de, futuramente, implementar el proceso de enfermería en esa unidad. MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, basado en la investigación convergente-asistencial. Los datos fueron obtenidos de los registros de enfermería de 20 pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca, en el mes de abril de 2008, acrecidos de la experiencia profesional de seis enfermeras participantes del grupo de convergencia que se reunió durante cinco encuentros. RESULTADOS: Fueron establecidos 15 diagnósticos, según la Taxonomía II de la North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, corroborados por otros autores

  16. Pesquisa de gliadina em medicamentos: informação relevante para a orientação de pacientes com doença celíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    SDEPANIAN Vera Lucia

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Racional - Alguns medicamentos podem conter gliadina, portanto, sua utilização poderá ser prejudicial aos pacientes com doença celíaca. Objetivo - Detectar a presença de gliadina em medicamentos comumente comercializados no Brasil. Métodos - Foram analisados 78 medicamentos sorteados a partir de uma lista de 180 produtos comumente comercializados. Os medicamentos analisados foram: analgésicos (n = 9, anti-helmínticos (n = 3, antiácidos (n = 8, antibióticos (n = 13, anticolesterolêmicos (n = 1, anticonvulsivantes (n = 2, antidepressivos (n = 2, antidiabéticos (n = 1, antieméticos (n = 3, anti-hipertensivos (n = 3, anti-histamínicos (n = 3, antiinflamatórios (n = 7, antitérmicos (n = 2, broncodilatadores (n = 1, descongestionantes (n = 4, laxantes (n = 1, contraceptivos orais (n = 5 e vitaminas (n = 10. As amostras foram analisadas pela técnica de ELISA utilizando anticorpo monoclonal ômega-gliadina, considerada de eleição segundo o Codex Alimentarius Commission WHO/FAO. Todas as amostras foram analisadas em duplicata. O nível de detecção do teste é de 4 mg de gliadina/100 g de produto. Resultados - Dentre os 78 medicamentos analisados, em apenas 1 (1,3% foi detectada a presença de gliadina (5,5 mg/100 g. O componente ativo do medicamento é ranitidina. De acordo com o Codex Alimentarius Commission WHO/FAO, o limite máximo diário permitido ao consumo pelos indivíduos com doença celíaca é igual a 10 mg de gliadina. Considerando a quantidade de gliadina num único comprimido de ranitidina, a quantidade ingerida seria bem menor do que a máxima permitida ao consumo pelo paciente com doença celíaca. Conclusões - Neste estudo não foi identificada gliadina em medicamentos em quantidade que constitua risco para pacientes com doença celíaca.

  17. History of Connecticut's short-term strain program for evaluation of steel bridges : July 2009.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2009-07-01

    Non-destructive strain monitoring has been used for two decades on Connecticuts bridges to : supplement visual field inspections. These studies have addressed a wide range of problems, : including fatigue cracking in diaphragm connections, cracked...

  18. Cardiac response and anxiety levels in psychopathic murderers Resposta cardíaca e nível de ansiedade em homicidas psicopatas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antonio de Pádua Serafim

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To compare the emotional response and level of anxiety of psychopathic murderers, non-psychopathic murderers, and nonpsychopathic non-criminals. METHOD: 110 male individuals aged over 18 years were divided into three groups: psychopathic murderers (n = 38; non-psychopathic murderers (n = 37 serving sentences for murder convictions in Maximum Security Prisons in the State of Sao Paulo; and non-criminal, non-psychopathic individuals (n = 35 according to the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised. The emotional response of subjects was assessed by heart rate variation and anxiety level (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory after viewing standardized pictures depicting pleasant, unpleasant and neutral content from the International Affective Picture System. RESULTS: Psychopathic murderers presented lower anxiety levels and smaller heart rate variations when exposed to pleasant and unpleasant stimuli than nonpsychopathic murderers or non-psychopathic non-criminals. The results also demonstrated that the higher the score for factor 1 on the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised, the lower the heart rate variation and anxiety level. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that psychopathic murderers do not present variation in emotional response to different visual stimuli. Although the non-psychopathic murderers had committed the same type of crime as the psychopathic murderers, the former tended to respond with a higher level of anxiety and heart rate variation.OBJETIVO: Comparar a atividade cardíaca e nível de ansiedade de homicidas psicopatas e não psicopatas e não criminosos não psicopatas. MÉTODO: 110 homens com idade superior a 18 anos, divididos em três grupos: homicidas psicopatas (n = 38, homicidas não psicopatas (n = 37 cumprindo pena por homicídio em Prisões de Segurança Máxima do Estado de São Paulo e não criminosos e não psicopatas (n = 35 de acordo com a Escala de Avaliação de Psicopatia. A resposta emocional foi avaliada pela variação da

  19. The Politics of Native American Health Care and the Affordable Care Act.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Skinner, Daniel

    2016-02-01

    This article examines an important but largely overlooked dimension of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), namely, its significance for Native American health care. The author maintains that reading the ACA against the politics of Native American health care policy shows that, depending on their regional needs and particular contexts, many Native Americans are well-placed to benefit from recent Obama-era reforms. At the same time, the kinds of options made available by the ACA constitute a departure from the service-based (as opposed to insurance-based) Indian Health Service (IHS). Accordingly, the author argues that ACA reforms--private marketplaces, Medicaid expansion, and accommodations for Native Americans--are best read as potential "supplements" to an underfunded IHS. Whether or not Native Americans opt to explore options under the ACA will depend in the long run on the quality of the IHS in the post-ACA era. Beyond understanding the ACA in relation to IHS funding, the author explores how Native American politics interacts with the key tenets of Obama-era health care reform--especially "affordability"--which is critical for understanding what is required from and appropriate to future Native American health care policy making. Copyright © 2016 by Duke University Press.

  20. [Characteristic of clinical strains of gram-negative obligate anaerobes].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kadzielska, Joanna; Kierzkowska, Marta; Sawicka-Grzelak, Anna; Rokosz, Alicja; Łuczak, Mirosław

    2007-01-01

    The aim of the study was to assess prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility profiles ofGram-negative strictly anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens taken from hospitalized patients in 2005-2006. Biochemical identification and antibiotic susceptibility were done in an automated system ATB Expression (bioMerieux sa). From 12262 specimens examined 867 strains of obligate anaerobes were isolated. Gram-negative strictly anaerobic bacteria were cultured in number of 138 strains (15,9%). All cultures were performed on Columbia agar and Schaedler agar media (bioMerieux sa) supplemented with 5% sheep blood and incubated at 37 degrees C for 48-120 h in 85% N2, 10% H2, 5% CO2. Most frequently isolated was Bacteroides spp. (41,3%). For this group beta-lactamase activity was evaluated by using nitrocefin disc test (Cefinase BBL, Becton Dickinson and Co., Cockeysville, MD, USA). Production of ESBLs was detected with the use of two disc diffusion methods: the double-disc synergy test (DDST) according to Jarlier et al. and the diagnostic disc (DD) test according to Appleton. ESBLs were produced by 5,3% strains of Bacteroides spp. For all Bacteroides spp. strains MIC values were determined by gradient diffusion method Etest (AB BIODISK, Sweden). ESBLs and MIC were performed on Wilkins-Chalgren solid medium supplemented with 5% sheep blood (Difco Lab., USA) and all plates were incubated at 35 degrees C for 48 hours in 85% N2, 10% H2, 5% CO2. Most Gram-negative obligate anaerobes isolated from clinical specimens are still susceptible to imipenem (100%), metronidazole (99,3%) and beta-lactam antibiotics with beta-lactamase inhibitors: piperacillin/tazobactam (99,3%), ticarcillin/clavulanate (99.3%), amoxicillin/clavulanate (97.8%).

  1. Acquisition through Horizontal Gene Transfer of Plasmid pSMA198 by Streptococcus macedonicus ACA-DC 198 Points towards the Dairy Origin of the Species

    Science.gov (United States)

    Papadimitriou, Konstantinos; Anastasiou, Rania; Maistrou, Eleni; Plakas, Thomas; Papandreou, Nikos C.; Hamodrakas, Stavros J.; Ferreira, Stéphanie; Supply, Philip; Renault, Pierre; Pot, Bruno; Tsakalidou, Effie

    2015-01-01

    Background Streptococcus macedonicus is an intriguing streptococcal species whose most frequent source of isolation is fermented foods similarly to Streptococcus thermophilus. However, S. macedonicus is closely related to commensal opportunistic pathogens of the Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus complex. Methodology/Principal Findings We analyzed the pSMA198 plasmid isolated from the dairy strain Streptococcus macedonicus ACA-DC 198 in order to provide novel clues about the main ecological niche of this bacterium. pSMA198 belongs to the narrow host range pCI305/pWV02 family found primarily in lactococci and to the best of our knowledge it is the first such plasmid to be reported in streptococci. Comparative analysis of the pSMA198 sequence revealed a high degree of similarity with plasmids isolated from Lactococcus lactis strains deriving from milk or its products. Phylogenetic analysis of the pSMA198 Rep showed that the vast majority of closely related proteins derive from lactococcal dairy isolates. Additionally, cloning of the pSMA198 ori in L. lactis revealed a 100% stability of replication over 100 generations. Both pSMA198 and the chromosome of S. macedonicus exhibit a high percentage of potential pseudogenes, indicating that they have co-evolved under the same gene decay processes. We identified chromosomal regions in S. macedonicus that may have originated from pSMA198, also supporting a long co-existence of the two replicons. pSMA198 was also found in divergent biotypes of S. macedonicus and in strains isolated from dispersed geographic locations (e.g. Greece and Switzerland) showing that pSMA198’s acquisition is not a recent event. Conclusions/Significance Here we propose that S. macedonicus acquired plasmid pSMA198 from L. lactis via an ancestral genetic exchange event that took place most probably in milk or dairy products. We provide important evidence that point towards the dairy origin of this species. PMID:25584532

  2. Variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em neonatos prematuros e de termo Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca en neonatos prematuros y de término Heart rate variability in preterm and term neonates

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fabio Augusto Selig

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Várias publicações têm demonstrado a importância do sistema nervoso autônomo por meio dos componentes simpático e parassimpático na gerência da interação entre as diferentes partes do organismo humano. Esses estudos aplicaram técnicas lineares e não lineares (Teoria do Caos de avaliação em diferentes situações, doenças e faixas etárias, tendo como ferramenta a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC. OBJETIVO: Aplicar os conhecimentos das dinâmicas linear e não linear na avaliação de neonatos prematuros (NPT, analisando sua VFC e comparando com neonatos de termo (NT saudáveis. MÉTODOS: Quarenta e oito neonatos prematuros com diferentes idades gestacionais tiveram seus batimentos cardíacos captados com auxílio do equipamento Polar Advanced S810i e sua VFC obtida pelo registro dos intervalos RR. A VFC foi analisada nos domínios do tempo (SDNN, RMSSD, SD1/SD2, da frequência (VLF, LF, HF e a relação LF/HF e do caos (TAU e sua normalização [TAU(n], Expoente de Lyapunov e Entropia. Os NPT foram comparados com um grupo de 78 NT saudáveis e sem intercorrências perinatais com auxílio do teste não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTADOS: Detectou-se diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos para todas as variáveis estudadas, tanto no domínio do tempo como nos da frequência e do caos. CONCLUSÃO: Neonatos prematuros exibem comportamento menos complexo da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca que neonatos de termo, fato comprovado nos domínios do tempo, da frequência e do caos. O estudo da variabilidade cardíaca nesse grupo pode ser considerado uma ferramenta a mais na avaliação da maturação autonômica e, consequentemente, da progressão para eutrofia.FUNDAMENTO: Varias publicaciones han demostrado la importancia del sistema nervioso autónomo por medio de los componentes simpático y parasimpático en el manejo de la interacción entre las diferentes partes del organismo

  3. Diferencias de género en el tratamiento de la falla cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Clara Saldarriaga

    2014-02-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN: la falla cardíaca representa un problema creciente de salud con una alta prevalencia en el sexo femenino; sin embargo, no se han reportado estudios en población de mujeres latinoamericanas que permitan identificar si existen diferencias de género tanto en la presentación clínica como en el tratamiento de esta patología. OBJETIVO: evaluar si existen diferencias tanto en las características clínicas y epidemiológicas como en el manejo farmacológico en función del género, en una serie de pacientes con falla cardíaca atendidos en un centro de referencia cardiovascular en Colombia. METODOLOGÍA: estudio observacional, descriptivo, que evaluó a todos los pacientes hospitalizados por síndrome de falla cardiaca como diagnóstico principal durante julio de 2009 y julio de 2010 en un centro de referencia cardiovascular colombiano. RESULTADOS: se incluyeron 204 pacientes, 36,7% de sexo femenino, cuya edad promedio fue mayor en las mujeres; la fracción de eyección promedio fue similar. Las mujeres tenían falla renal con mayor frecuencia. Se encontró menor uso de betabloqueadores, así como de implante de cardiodesfibrilador. CONCLUSIÓN: para la población estudiada se encontró que existen diferencias entre ambos sexos tanto en las variables demográficas como clínicas. A pesar de presentar mayores comorbilidades, las mujeres con falla cardiaca reciben con menor frecuencia terapias como los betabloqueadores y el cardiodesfibrilador implantable que han demostrado disminuir la mortalidad. Es necesario ampliar el conocimiento de las diferencias de género mediante la creación de un registro multicéntrico latinoamericano que permita incidir en la toma de decisiones clínicas propias para la región.

  4. Strain and spin-orbit effects in self-assembled quantum dots

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zielinski, M.; Jaskolski, W.; Aizpurua, J.; Bryant, G.W.

    2005-01-01

    The Effects of strain and spin-orbit interaction in self-assembled lien-shaped InAs/GaAs quantum dots are investigated. Calculations are performed with empirical tight-binding theory supplemented by the valence force field method to account for effects of strain caused by lattice mismatch at the InAs-GaAs interface. It is shown that both effects influence strongly the electron and hole energy structure: splitting of the energy levels, the number of bound states, density distributions, and transition rates. We show that piezoelectric effects are almost negligible in quantum dots of the size investigated. (author)

  5. 190. Extubación en el Quirófano Como Rutina Tras Cirugía Cardíaca: 500 Casos Consecutivos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. Ysasi

    2012-04-01

    Conclusiones: la extubación en el quirófano de forma rutinaria en pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca es viable y segura. La necesidad de reintubación o reingreso en UCI es baja. Contribuye a la recuperación precoz del paciente y disminuye los tiempos de estancia y consumo de recursos hospitalarios.

  6. Three Strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens Exhibit Differential Toxicity Against Drosophila melanogaster

    Science.gov (United States)

    Three strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens were tested for toxicity to Drosophila melanogaster in an insect feeding assay. Insect eggs were placed on the surface of a non-nutritive agar plate supplemented with a food source that was non-inoculated or inoculated with P. fluorescens Pf0-1, SBW25, or Pf-...

  7. Validação da versão brasileira do questionário de ansiedade cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aline Sardinha

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTOS: A ansiedade cardíaca (AC é o medo de sensações cardíacas, caracterizado por sintomas recorrentes de ansiedade em pacientes com ou sem doença cardiovascular. O Questionário de Ansiedade Cardíaca (QAC é uma ferramenta para avaliar a AC, já adaptado, mas não validado em português. OBJETIVO: Este trabalho apresenta as três fases dos estudos de validação do QAC brasileiro. MÉTODOS: Foram recrutados 98 pacientes com doença arterial coronária, a fim de extrair a estrutura fatorial e avaliar a confiabilidade do QAC (fase 1. O objetivo da fase 2 foi explorar a validade convergente e divergente. Cinquenta e seis pacientes completaram o QAC, juntamente com o Escala de sensações corporais (ESC e o Versão brasileira do Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN. Para determinar a validade discriminante (fase 3, comparamos os escores do QAC de dois subgrupos formados por pacientes da fase 1 (n = 98, de acordo com os diagnósticos de transtorno do pânico e agorafobia obtidos com o MINI - Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (Mini Entrevista Neuropsiquiátrica Internacional. RESULTADOS: A solução de dois fatores foi a mais interpretável (46,4% da variância. As subescalas foram denominadas de "Medo e Hipervigilância" (n = 9; alfa = 0,88 e "Evitação" (n = 5; alfa = 0,82. Foi encontrada correlação significativa do fator 1 com o escore total do ESC (p < 0,01, mas não com o fator 2. Os fatores do SPIN apresentaram correlações significativas com as subescalas do QAC (p < 0,01. Na fase 3, os escores dos pacientes "Cardíacos com pânico" foram significativamente maiores no fator 1 do QAC (t = -3,42; p < 0,01, IC = -1,02 a -0,27, e maiores, mas não significativamente diferentes, no fator 2 (t = -1,98; p = 0,51, IC = -0.87 a 0,00. CONCLUSÕES: Os presentes resultados fornecem uma versão final brasileira validada do QAC adequada aos contextos clínicos e de pesquisa.

  8. Avances en el conocimiento de la prehabilitación y presentación del proyecto promoción de la ambulación precoz en pacientes de cirugía no cardíaca (PAMP

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Olga Lucía Cortés

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: La prehabilitación es un programa multidisciplinario que combina un conjunto de intervenciones (caminata, ejercicios aeróbicos, entrenamiento de los músculos inspiratorios, educación sobre nutrición y manejo psicológico orientadas hacia el mejoramiento de la capacidad funcional de los pacientes antes de asumir cualquier tipo de cirugía. Su propósito es el de preparar físicamente a los pacientes que van a cirugía (especialmente población adulta y adulta mayor y favorecer una rehabilitación rápida, la reducción de las complicaciones en el post operatorio, y una preparación adecuada para el egreso hospitalario. A pesar del conocimiento de la importancia de esta intervención poco se sabe sobre su beneficio en los resultados post operatorios de pacientes de cirugía no cardíaca. Objetivo: Describir la prehabilitación, los alcances de la evidencia científica en este tópico y presentar el proyecto promoción de la ambulación precoz en pacientes de cirugía no cardíaca (PAMP como un modelo de investigación en cirugía no cardíaca y prehabilitacion. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión no sistemática de la literatura de los fundamentos de la prehabilitación, sus orígenes, tipos de intervenciones, importancia y su eficacia en la reducción de eventos en el post operatorio de pacientes de cirugía no cardíaca. Adicionalmente se llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura que incluyó revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis de ensayos clínicos sobre intervenciones evaluadas sobre prehabilitación de cirugía no cardíaca. Finalmente, se describió el alcance del proyecto PAMP en todas sus fases y su progreso hacia la implementación de un ensayo clínico de prehabilitación en Colombia mediante el estudio PAMP fase II. Conclusiones: Se requiere implementar estrategias multidisciplinarias innovadoras que promuevan mejores resultados en el post operatorio de pacientes sometidos a cirugía no cardíaca. [Cort

  9. Efeito do transplante renal na morfologia e função cardíaca

    OpenAIRE

    Souza,Francival Leite de; Monteiro Junior,Francisco das Chagas; Salgado Filho,Natalino

    2012-01-01

    O envolvimento cardíaco é muito frequente nos portadores de doença renal crônica em diálise. O transplante renal resulta em redução da morbidade e mortalidade em relação aos pacientes em diálise. O objetivo desta revisão foi abordar o efeito do transplante renal na estrutura e função cardíaca avaliada pela ecodopplercardiografia. Desde a década de 1980, os estudos já demonstravam tendência à melhora nos parâmetros cardíacos após o transplante renal. Com a melhora dos métodos de imagens ao eco...

  10. Synthesis, crystal structure, and magnetism of A{sub 2}Co{sub 12}As{sub 7} (A=Ca, Y, Ce–Yb)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Tan, Xiaoyan [Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306 (United States); Ovidiu Garlea, V. [Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 (United States); Chai, Ping [Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306 (United States); Geondzhian, Andrey Y. [National Research Nuclear University “Moscow Engineering Physics Institute”, 115409 Moscow (Russian Federation); Yaroslavtsev, Alexander A. [National Research Nuclear University “Moscow Engineering Physics Institute”, 115409 Moscow (Russian Federation); European XFEL GmbH, 22761 Hamburg (Germany); Xin, Yan [National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310 (United States); Menushenkov, Alexey P. [National Research Nuclear University “Moscow Engineering Physics Institute”, 115409 Moscow (Russian Federation); Chernikov, Roman V. [DESY Photon Science, 22603 Hamburg (Germany); Shatruk, Michael, E-mail: shatruk@chem.fsu.edu [Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306 (United States)

    2016-04-15

    Ternary intermetallics, A{sub 2}Co{sub 12}As{sub 7} (A=Ca, Y, Ce–Yb), have been synthesized by annealing mixtures of elements in molten Bi at 1223 K. The materials obtained crystallize in the P6{sub 3}/m variant of the Zr{sub 2}Fe{sub 12}P{sub 7} structure type. The unit cell volume shows a monotonic decrease with the increasing atomic number of the rare-earth metal, with the exception of Ce-, Eu-, and Yb-containing compounds. An examination of these outliers with X-ray absorption near edge structures (XANES) spectroscopy revealed mixed valence of Ce, Eu, and Yb, with the average oxidation states of +3.20(1), +2.47(5), and +2.91(1), respectively, at room temperature. Magnetic behavior of A{sub 2}Co{sub 12}As{sub 7} is generally characterized by ferromagnetic ordering of Co 3d moments at 100–140 K, followed by low-temperature ordering of rare-earth 4f moments. The 3d-4f magnetic coupling changes from antiferromagnetic for A=Pr–Sm to ferromagnetic for A=Ce and Eu–Yb. Polarized neutron scattering experiments were performed to support the postulated ferro- and ferrimagnetic ground states for Ce{sub 2}Co{sub 12}As{sub 7} and Nd{sub 2}Co{sub 12}As{sub 7}, respectively. - Graphical abstract: Title arsenides were synthesized by Bi‐flux method. They exhibit mixed valence for A = Ce, Eu, Yb, ferrimagnetism for A = Ca, Y, Pr–Sm, and ferromagnetism for A = Eu–Tm. - Highlights: • A2Co12As7 (A=Ca, Y, Ce–Yb) were synthesized in Bi flux. • Ce, Eu, Yb exhibit mixed valence in the corresponding structures. • The character of 3d‐4f magnetic coupling changes at the half‐filled f shell. • Materials behave as ferrimagnets for A=Ca, Y, Pr–Sm and as ferromagnets for A=Eu–Yb.

  11. Racionalidade e métodos: estudo BREATHE - I registro brasileiro de insuficiência cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Diversos registros locais buscam de forma isolada retratar características clínicas de pacientes internados com Insuficiência Cardíaca (IC em hospitais e comunidades brasileiras. De forma geral, a análise desses dados sugere que existam diferenças importantes na etiologia, nos fatores de descompensação, no tratamento e no prognóstico de pacientes com IC nas diferentes regiões brasileiras. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar as características demográficas, clínicas, prognósticas de 1.200 pacientes admitidos com diagnóstico clínico de insuficiência cardíaca descompensada em um grupo de 60 hospitais representativos das diferentes regiões brasileiras. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional transversal (registro com seguimento longitudinal de doze meses (visitas de admissão, alta hospitalar, três meses, seis meses e doze meses após inclusão, em que pacientes admitidos em hospitais da rede pública e privada com quadro clínico primariamente de IC definida serão estudados. RESULTADOS: Os resultados serão apresentados logo após o término da coleta, avaliação da qualidade e análise estatística dos dados. CONCLUSÕES: A análise dos resultados deste registro multicêntrico permitirá um planejamento mais adequado do aporte de recursos financeiros, pessoais e tecnológicos para a área da saúde, bem como o planejamento de medidas preventivas mais eficazes na IC descompensada.

  12. Response of primiparous and multiparous buffaloes to yeast culture supplementation during early and mid-lactation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hansen, Hanne H.; El-Bordeny, Nasr E.; Ebeid, Hossam M.

    2017-01-01

    Strains of live Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast have exhibited probiotic effects in ruminants. This study investigated the effects of the dietary yeast supplement, S. cerevisiae (Yea-Sacc1026), on primiparous (PP) and multiparous (MP) Egyptian buffaloes in early to mid-lactation. Lactating buffalo...

  13. Crianças e adolescentes que convivem com diabetes e doença celíaca

    OpenAIRE

    Brancaglioni, Bianca de Cássia Alvarez; Rodrigues, Grasiele Caroline; Damião, Elaine Buchhorn Cintra; Queiroz, Márcia Silva; Nery, Márcia

    2016-01-01

    RESUMO Objetivo Compreender a experiência de crianças e adolescentes que convivem com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e doença celíaca. Método Estudo qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre janeiro e setembro de 2012, com 3 crianças e 2 adolescentes, em um ambulatório de diabetes do Hospital das Clinicas da FMUSP ou na residência dos participantes na cidade de São Paulo, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Utilizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo como método de tra...

  14. Population Genetic Structure of Listeria monocytogenes Strains as Determined by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis and Multilocus Sequence Typing

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Henri, Clémentine; Félix, Benjamin; Guillier, Laurent

    2016-01-01

    on the basis of different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) clusters, serotypes, and strain origins and typed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and the MLST results were supplemented with MLST data available from Institut Pasteur, representing human and additional food strains from France....... The distribution of sequence types (STs) was compared between food and clinical strains on a panel of 675 strains. High congruence between PFGE and MLST was found. Out of 73 PFGE clusters, the two most prevalent corresponded to ST9 and ST121. Using original statistical analysis, we demonstrated that (i...

  15. Sports Supplements

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Staying Safe Videos for Educators Search English Español Sports Supplements KidsHealth / For Teens / Sports Supplements What's in ... really work? And are they safe? What Are Sports Supplements? Sports supplements (also called ergogenic aids ) are ...

  16. Extraction of the same novel homoglycan mixture from two different strains of Bifidobacterium animalis and three strains of Bifidobacterium breve.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alhudhud, M; Sadiq, S; Ngo, H N; Hidalgo-Cantabrana, C; Ruas-Madiedo, P; van Sinderen, D; Humphreys, P N; Laws, A P

    2018-04-26

    Three strains of Bifidobacterium breve (JCM 7017, JCM 7019 and JCM 2258) and two strains of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (AD011 and A1dOxR) were grown in broth cultures or on plates, and a standard exopolysaccharide extraction method was used in an attempt to recover exocellular polysaccharides. When the extracted materials were analysed by NMR it was clear that mixtures of polysaccharides were being isolated including exopolysaccharides (EPS) cell wall polysaccharides and intracellular polysaccharides. Treatment of the cell biomass from the B. breve strains, or the B. animalis subsp. lactis AD011 strain, with aqueous sodium hydroxide provided a very similar mixture of polysaccharides but without the EPS. The different polysaccharides were partially fractionated by selective precipitation from an aqueous solution upon the addition of increasing percentages of ethanol. The polysaccharides extracted from B. breve JCM 7017 grown in HBM media supplemented with glucose (or isotopically labelled D-glucose-1- 13 C) were characterised using 1D and 2D-NMR spectroscopy. Addition of one volume of ethanol generated a medium molecular weight glycogen (Mw=1×10 5 Da, yield 200 mg/l). The addition of two volumes of ethanol precipitated an intimate mixture of a low molecular weight β-(1→6)-glucan and a low molecular weight β-(1→6)-galactofuranan which could not be separated (combined yield 46 mg/l). When labelled D-glucose-1- 13 C was used as a carbon supplement, the label was incorporated into >95% of the anomeric carbons of each polysaccharide confirming they were being synthesised in situ. Similar 1 H NMR profiles were obtained for polysaccharides recovered from the cells of B. animalis subsp. lactis AD011and A1dOxR (in combination with an EPS), B. breve JCM 7017, B. breve JCM 7019, B. breve JCM 2258 and from an EPS (-ve) mutant of B. breve 7017 (a non-EPS producer).

  17. Lesão neurológica em cirurgia cardíaca: aspectos fisiopatológicos Lesión neurológica en cirugía cardíaca Pathophysiology of neurological injuries during heart surgery: aspectos fisiopatológicos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rólison Gustavo Bravo Lelis

    2004-08-01

    Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Em virtude de as lesões neurológicas ocuparem um papel importante no contexto das complicações pós-operatórias, quando comparadas às demais, o presente estudo procurou discutir os principais fatores envolvidos na lesão neurológica peri-operatória em cirurgia cardíaca, as intervenções que buscam diminuir a incidência de lesões neurológicas, enfocando de maneira simples, e a provável gênese genética em tais lesões encefálicas. CONTEÚDO: Este trabalho contém a revisão de artigos que enfocam a fisiopatologia das lesões neurológicas relacionadas a procedimentos cardíacos, sua possível origem genética, bem como uma proposta para sua prevenção. CONCLUSÕES: Muito tem se falado das disfunções cognitivas de pacientes após cirurgia cardíaca, como a revascularização do miocárdio que é motivo do aumento da morbimortalidade observada atualmente e fator de maior tempo de hospitalização. É fato que já houve grandes avanços nessa área a fim de diminuir esses índices, prevendo-se ainda outros que visam a profilaxia de lesões neurológicas.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: En virtud de las lesiones neurológicas que ocupan un papel importante en el contexto de las complicaciones pós-operatorias, cuando comparadas a las demás, el presente estudio tentó discutir los principales factores envueltos en la lesión neurológica peri-operatoria en cirugía cardíaca, las intervenciones que buscan disminuir la incidencia de lesiones neurológicas, enfocando de manera simple, y la probable génesis genética en tales lesiones cerebrales. CONTENIDO: Este trabajo contiene la revisión de artículos que enfocan la fisiopatología de las lesiones neurológicas relacionadas a procedimientos cardíacos, su posible origen genético, bien como una propuesta para su prevención. CONCLUSIONES: Mucho se habló de las disfunciones cognitivas de pacientes después de cirugía cardíaca, como la revascularización del

  18. Does the applicability of Bacillus strains in probiotics rely upon their taxonomy?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Safronova, L A; Zelena, L B; Klochko, V V; Reva, O N

    2012-02-01

    The taxonomic position and biological activities of two Bacillus strains used in veterinary probiotics were studied in this work. These microorganisms inhibit growth of a broad spectrum of pathogenic cultures. They synthesize proteolytic enzymes and other biologically active metabolites, and to some extent, supplement each other with probiotic activities. It is not clear whether these versatile activities are properties of individual strains or bacterial taxa as whole. 16S rRNA comparisons were conducted and illustrated the relatedness of these strains to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens . Their cell wall fatty acid contents were consequently analysed and specified a relation to the " Bacillus velezensis " ecomorph. On account of the previous observations, a simple method of 16S rRNA profiling by polymorphic nucleotides was proposed to determine a group of organisms closely related to "B. velezensis" and B. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum, for they are biologically active strains suitable for use in biotechnology. The extreme genetic plasticity of these bacteria endowed each strain with a unique spectrum of antagonistic activity.

  19. Study on the IAA (Indole acetic acid) Productivity of Soil Yeast Strain Isolats

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nwe Nwe Soe Hlaing; Swe Zin Yu; San San Yu

    2011-12-01

    Twelve isolated soil yeast were tested in IAA production in peptone yeast glucose broth (PYG). All strains were screened for the Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) producing activity in PYG broth supplemented with or without L-Tryptophan (L-TRP) as precusor. IAA production was assayed calorimetrically using Salkowski's reagent. The concentration of IAA produced by yeast strains was measured by spectrophotometric method at 530nm. Y6 strain was the highest IAA producer (79ppm) at 9 days incubation period without tryptophan. Y3, Y10 and Y12 strains that were incubated without L-TRP also had the higher ability in the production of IAA than other yeast isolates. The selected yeasts having high IAA production activity were characterized by morphological study and biochemical tests including sugar assimilation and fermentation tests.

  20. Associação entre autocuidado e reinternação hospitalar de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amanda Chlalup Linn

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: verificar associação entre o autocuidado e o número de reinternações hospitalares de pacientes com diagnóstico de insuficiência cardíaca (IC descompensada, bem como testar a aplicabilidade de dois instrumentos de avaliação de autocuidado. Estudo longitudinal, realizado em um hospital de referência cardiológica do sul do Brasil. Método: foram incluídos 82 pacientes, com idade média de 61,85±12,33 anos, 57,3% do sexo masculino. O escore médio da avaliação de autocuidado encontrado pelas escalas European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale e a Escala de Autocuidado para Pacientes com Insuficiência Cardíaca foi insatisfatório. Resultados: foi verificada uma média de 2,57±1,66 reinternações hospitalares no último ano por descompensação da IC. Houve correlação entre os escores de autocuidado com número de reinternações hospitalares por IC descompensada. Escolaridade e idade mostraram-se associadas ao autocuidado dos pacientes com IC. Conclusão: ambas as escalas avaliam o autocuidado de forma relevante, sendo correlacionados os seus índices.

  1. Efeito da respiração diafragmática sobre a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca na doença cardíaca isquêmica com diabete Efecto de la respiración diafragmática sobre la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca en la enfermedad cardiaca isquémica con diabetes Effect of diaphragmatic breathing on heart rate variability in ischemic heart disease with diabetes

    OpenAIRE

    Anupama Bangra Kulur; Nagaraja Haleagrahara; Prabha Adhikary; P. S. Jeganathan

    2009-01-01

    FUNDAMENTO: A diminuição da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) está associada com um prognóstico desfavorável em pacientes com doença cardíaca isquêmica (DCI) e diabete. Ainda não foi provado em definitivo se a mudança no padrão respiratório pode modificar o fator de risco nesses pacientes. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito da respiração diafragmática sobre a VFC em pacientes diabéticos com DCI. MÉTODOS: A população do estudo consistiu em 145 pacientes do sexo masculino selecionados ao acaso...

  2. Determinants of dietary supplement use--healthy individuals use dietary supplements.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kofoed, Christina L F; Christensen, Jane; Dragsted, Lars O; Tjønneland, Anne; Roswall, Nina

    2015-06-28

    The prevalence of dietary supplement use varies largely among populations, and previous studies have indicated that it is high in the Danish population compared with other European countries. The diversity in supplement use across countries indicates that cultural and environmental factors could influence the use of dietary supplements. Only few studies investigating the use of dietary supplements have been conducted in the Danish population. The present cross-sectional study is based on 54,948 Danes, aged 50-64 years, who completed self-administrated questionnaires on diet, dietary supplements and lifestyle between 1993 and 1997. A health index including smoking, physical activity, alcohol and diet, and a metabolic risk index including waist circumference, urinary glucose and measured hypertension were constructed. Logistic regression was used to investigate these determinants in relation to the intake of dietary supplements. We found that 71 % of the participants were dietary supplement users; female sex, older age groups and higher educated participants were more likely to be users of any dietary supplements. One additional point in the health index was associated with 19, 16 and 9 % higher likelihood of being user of any, more common and less common supplements, respectively. In the metabolic risk index, one additional point was associated with 17 and 16 % lower likelihood of being user of any supplement and more common supplements, respectively. No significant association was found for less common supplement use. In conclusion, those with the healthiest lifestyle were more likely to use dietary supplements. Thus, lifestyle and dietary composition should be considered as confounders on supplement use and health outcomes.

  3. Control de la glucemia en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca: Informe del Consejo de Emergencias de la Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariano N. Benzadón

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available La hiperglucemia en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardÍaca es un hallazgo frecuente asociado a peor evolución, que afecta tanto a diabéticos como no diabéticos. A pesar de las múltiples publicaciones disponibles, aún no existe un abordaje universalmente aceptado a este problema. En una iniciativa originada en el Consejo de Emergencias de la Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología, se convocó a expertos de nuestro medio con el propósito de debatir cómo debe ser el manejo de la glucemia en el paciente crítico cardiovascular. Este documento refleja lo discutido en este evento académico con la intención de resumir los principales aspectos del control de la glucemia en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca.

  4. Preliminary Study and Improve the Production of Metabolites with Antifungal Activity by A Bacillus Sp Strain IBA 33

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Antonieta Gordillo

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Bacillus sp strain IBA 33 metabolites, isolated from decaying lemon fruits, were evaluated for the control of pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi (Penicillium digitatum, Geotrichum candidum, Penicillium expansum, Aspergillus clavatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium moniliforme. These metabolites were recovered from Landy medium (LM without aminoacids. In order to optimize metabolites production the LM was modified by adding different concentrations and sources of amino acids and carbohydrates at different culture conditions.Bacillus sp strain IBA 33 metabolites efficacy to control fungi were evaluated with in vitro and in vivo assays. A. flavus growth inhibition was 52% with the metabolites of Bacillus sp strain IBA 33 recovered from LM (MBLM in vitro assays. MBLM supplemented with 0.5% glutamic acid, inhibited the growth of P. digitatum, G. candidum, A. clavatus, A. niger and F. moniliforme by 65%, 88.44%, 84%, 34% and 92% respectively. The highest inhibition of P. expansum was 45% with MBLM supplemented with 0.5% aspartic acid. Similar results were obtained in vivo assays. These results showed that Bacillus sp strain IBA 33 metabolites specificity against fungi depended on the composition of the LM.

  5. Preliminary Study and Improve the Production of Metabolites with Antifungal Activity by A Bacillus Sp Strain IBA 33

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Antonieta Gordillo

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available Bacillus sp strain IBA 33 metabolites, isolated from decaying lemon fruits, were evaluated for the control of pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi (Penicillium digitatum, Geotrichum candidum, Penicillium expansum, Aspergillus clavatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium moniliforme. These metabolites were recovered from Landy medium (LM without aminoacids. In order to optimize metabolites production the LM was modified by adding different concentrations and sources of amino acids and carbohydrates at different culture conditions. Bacillus sp strain IBA 33 metabolites efficacy to control fungi were evaluated with in vitro and in vivo assays. A. flavus growth inhibition was 52% with the metabolites of Bacillus sp strain IBA 33 recovered from LM (MBLM in vitro assays. MBLM supplemented with 0.5% glutamic acid, inhibited the growth of P. digitatum, G. candidum, A. clavatus, A. niger and F. moniliforme by 65%, 88.44%, 84%, 34% and 92% respectively. The highest inhibition of P. expansum was 45% with MBLM supplemented with 0.5% aspartic acid. Similar results were obtained in vivo assays. These results showed that Bacillus sp strain IBA 33 metabolites specificity against fungi depended on the composition of the LM.

  6. Screening and selection of lactic acid bacteria from calves for designing a species-specific probiotic supplement

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. Cantoni

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available Probiotic supplementation to animal feeds has become a standard practice in the feed industry especially since European Union banned the use of antibiotics as growth promoters. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize mainly lactic acid bacteria (LAB from calves, that can be used as feed additive. For this purpose, bacterial strains were recovered from calf faecal samples and characterized using MicroLog™ system, 16s rRNA gene sequencing and Riboprinter™ system. Major representative strains were evaluated for their potential probiotic activity in vitro. Of 145 strains isolated, 3 clonal strains were selected for their potential probiotic activity, namely Lactobacillus animalis DUP5009, Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei DUP13077 and Bacillus coagulans RiboGroup 189-444-S-1. In light of this result these clonal strains can be considered for develop new probiotic products for calves.

  7. Actualidades del catéter de flotación pulmonar en cirugía cardíaca

    OpenAIRE

    Fernández Rivera,Bernardo Javier

    2006-01-01

    El catéter de flotación pulmonar fue introducido hace más de 30 años en la clínica, una de sus principales aplicaciones ha sido la cirugía cardíaca, los valores hemodinámicos obtenidos de su uso se han tratado sin éxito de sustituir por medios no invasivos, existen áreas de controversia acerca de su utilidad, encontrando en la literatura estudios contradictorios acerca del valor de su uso, estos estudios se refieren en general al paciente quirúrgico, y no existen estudios concluyentes en ciru...

  8. A revised mineral nutrient supplement increases biomass and growth rate in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kropat, Janette; Hong-Hermesdorf, Anne; Casero, David; Ent, Petr; Castruita, Madeli; Pellegrini, Matteo; Merchant, Sabeeha S; Malasarn, Davin

    2011-06-01

    Interest in exploiting algae as a biofuel source and the role of inorganic nutrient deficiency in inducing triacylglyceride (TAG) accumulation in cells necessitates a strategy to efficiently formulate species-specific culture media that can easily be manipulated. Using the reference organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, we tested the hypothesis that modeling trace element supplements after the cellular ionome would result in optimized cell growth. We determined the trace metal content of several commonly used Chlamydomonas strains in various culture conditions and developed a revised trace element solution to parallel these measurements. Comparison of cells growing in the revised supplement versus a traditional trace element solution revealed faster growth rates and higher maximum cell densities with the revised recipe. RNA-seq analysis of cultures growing in the traditional versus revised medium suggest that the variation in transcriptomes was smaller than that found between different wild-type strains grown in traditional Hutner's supplement. Visual observation did not reveal defects in cell motility or mating efficiency in the new supplement. Ni²⁺-inducible expression from the CYC6 promoter remained a useful tool, albeit with an increased requirement for Ni²⁺ because of the introduction of an EDTA buffer system in the revised medium. Other advantages include more facile preparation of trace element stock solutions, a reduction in total chemical use, a more consistent batch-to-batch formulation and long-term stability (tested up to 5 years). Under the new growth regime, we analyzed cells growing under different macro- and micronutrient deficiencies. TAG accumulation in N deficiency is comparable in the new medium. Fe and Zn deficiency also induced TAG accumulation, as suggested by Nile Red staining. This approach can be used to efficiently optimize culture conditions for other algal species to improve growth and to assay cell physiology. © 2011 The Authors

  9. SPORT SUPPLEMENTATION

    OpenAIRE

    Alexandаr Marinkov

    2016-01-01

    Sport supplementation is essential for athletes performance and achievements. The well balanced and structured supplementation is a challenge for sport medicine because must be done a balance between potential benefits and potential risks (anti-doping rule violations and others). In this review are structured the most used categories sport supplementations. Nutritional supplements used in sport could be divided in some main categories like: amino acids, vitamins, proteins and antioxidants. Fo...

  10. Evaluación de ansiedad y frecuencia cardíaca: ensayo clínico aleatorizado de la remoción químico-mecánica de caries con papacárieDuoTM. Proyecto piloto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elisa-Lopes-Craveiro

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Evaluar el grado de ansiedad y frecuencia cardíaca en pacientes infantiles sometidos a tratamiento con PapacárieDuoTM, comparado a un grupo control con el uso del método tradicional (fresa. Métodos: Se desarrolló un ensayo clínico aleatorizado en 7 pacientes infantiles (5 a 11 años. Fueron tratados 2 molares deciduos en cada niño, realizando la aleatorización para los dos grupos (G1= remoción químico-mecánica de la caries con Papacárie DuoTM; G2= remoción de la dentina cariada utilizando fresa con baja velocidad, realizando un procedimiento restaurador similar en ambos (cemento de ionómero de vidrio y control. Se evaluó el tiempo de duración del procedimiento, ansiedad y frecuencia cardíaca. Los datos fueron tabulados con el programa SPSS para Windows (v.17 y analizados estadísticamente mediante el Test Wilcoxon, para los resultados del test VPT; el Test t pareado, para la frecuencia cardíaca, y el Test t para el tiempo de tratamiento, considerándose el nivel de significancia de 5%. Resultados: La media del tiempo para el G1 fue menor (p<0.001, así como la frecuencia cardíaca en el mismo grupo luego de finalizado el tratamiento (p=0.042. No hubo diferencia estadística en las reacciones emocionales antes (p=0.317, durante (p=0.355 y después (p=0.564 de los procedimientos. Conclusión: El tiempo operatorio y la frecuencia cardíaca fueron menores en los niños tratados con el Papacárie DuoTM al ser comparados con los que fueron tratados con tratamiento convencional. Estos hallazgos demuestran las ventajas de los tratamientos conservadores en dientes deciduos.

  11. 231. Cirugía cardíaca en adultos con cardiopatías congénitas: ¿qué pacientes y patologías intervenimos actualmente?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    E.C. Ruiz-Solano

    2012-04-01

    Conclusiones: La cirugía congénita sobre pacientes adultos representa una actividad de relevancia en la cirugía cardíaca de hoy día. Nuestros resultados evidencian que este tipo de intervenciones se puede llevar a cabo con una baja morbimortalidad.

  12. Properties of Thermus ruber Strains Isolated from Icelandic Hot Springs and DNA:DNA Homology of Thermus ruber and Thermus aquaticus

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sharp, Richard J.; Williams, Ralph A. D.

    1988-01-01

    Seventeen pink-pigmented strains of the genus Thermus were isolated from samples collected from thermal areas of Iceland. The strains were examined by using phenotypic characterization and DNA:DNA homology and were compared with recognized strains. Visually, the strains could be divided into three groups based on their pigmentation; however, spectroscopic studies of the pigments indicated little difference among them. Most strains required a vitamin supplement for growth and used fructose, maltose, mannose, or sucrose as the sole carbon source. In the presence of nitrate, two strains were able to grow under anaerobic conditions. The optimum growth temperature was 60°C; growth did not occur at 30 or 70°C. PMID:16347714

  13. Drenagem anômala total das veias pulmonares, em sua forma infracardíaca: desafio diagnóstico Infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage: a diagnostic challenge

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Célia M. C. Silva

    2007-04-01

    Full Text Available No período neonatal, a drenagem anômala total das veias pulmonares, em sua forma infracardíaca, pode ser erroneamente diagnosticada como desconforto respiratório decorrente de diferentes etiologias. No pré-operatório, a ecocardiografia bidimensional com Doppler orientado pelo mapeamento de fluxo em cores pode definir o local exato da drenagem e o padrão de retorno venoso pulmonar, permitindo, dessa forma, que a cirurgia cardíaca seja realizada imediatamente antes que ocorra qualquer dano clínico.Infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage can be erroneously diagnosed as respiratory distress of several different etiologies during the neonatal period. A cross-sectional echocardiography study with Doppler color flow mapping can preoperatively determine the precise drainage site and pulmonary venous return pattern, thereby allowing cardiac surgery to be performed promptly, prior to any clinical deterioration.

  14. Aplicabilidade dos resultados de enfermagem em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca e volume de líquidos excessivo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joelza Celesilvia Chisté Linhares

    Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo Testar a aplicabilidade clínica da Nursing Outcomes Classification em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca descompensada e Diagnóstico de Enfermagem Volume de Líquidos Excessivo. Métodos Estudo longitudinal conduzido em duas etapas em um hospital universitário no ano de 2013. Na primeira etapa, utilizou-se a validação por consenso de especialistas para selecionar os resultados de enfermagem e os indicadores relacionados ao diagnóstico de enfermagem; na segunda, foi realizado um estudo longitudinal para avaliação clínica dos pacientes, utilizando-se o instrumento contendo os resultados e indicadores produzidos no consenso. Resultados Foram realizadas avaliações em 17 pacientes. Na avaliação clínica, mensuraram-se os resultados de enfermagem através da avaliação de seus indicadores. Seis resultados apresentaram aumento nos escores, quando comparados às médias da primeira e da última avaliação. A utilização da Nursing Outcomes Classification na prática clínica demonstrou melhora dos pacientes internados por insuficiência cardíaca descompensada. Conclusão A Nursing Outcomes Classification foi sensível às alterações no quadro clínico dos pacientes.

  15. Bimedial faden recession versus augmented medial rectus recession in the treatment of high ac/a ratio partially accommodative esotropia with large distant near disparity

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mohammed F Farid

    2016-01-01

    Faden recession achieves marginal superior control of DND and high AC/A ratio in convergence excess partially accommodative ET. Augmented recession also works well with the possible development of consecutive exotropia in cases with extremely high DND. This study recommends Augmented recession for cases with mild to moderate DND and Faden recession for cases with extremely large DND.

  16. Aspectos psicosociales de la enfermedad celíaca en España: una vida libre de gluten

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julián Rodríguez ALMAGRO

    Full Text Available RESUMEN Objetivo: La celiaquía como enfermedad crónica tiene una alta prevalencia en nuestra sociedad. El artículo analiza los aspectos psicosociales de la enfermedad celíaca en los diferentes entornos, valorando el impacto de la implantación de una dieta estricta libre de gluten. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo entre los meses de Enero del 2013 a Abril del 2013 en el cual, a través de la teoría fundamentada y el análisis de contenido, se ha profundizado en el análisis de las entrevistas semiestructuradas a personas con enfermedad celíaca en España. Se realizaron llamamientos a traves de las redes sociales y grupos de celíacos hasta llegar a la saturación teórica, que determinó el tamaño final de la muestra de 24 personas. Resultados: Educación Sanitaria, Aislamiento social, soledad y desconocimiento social emergieron como categorías centrales en la experiencia de adopción de la dieta libre de gluten a partir del diagnóstico de celiaquía. Conclusión: Los profesionales deben promover y apoyar estrategias de apoyo social basadas en una comprensión íntegra de las experiencias de desarraigo y marginación que los pacientes celíacos experimentan en sus relaciones sociales a través de la comida. Se requiere un aumento de la educación sanitaria para entender e integrar el impacto psicosocial del diagnóstico de celiaquía y la dieta libre de gluten.

  17. Valor preditivo da frequência cardíaca em repouso do teste ergométrico na mortalidade

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jaqueline Eilert Fagundes

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A frequência cardíaca em repouso (cuja média está entre 60 e 80 bpm é uma das mais simples variáveis cardiovasculares e tem sido considerada como um preditor de mortalidade cardiovascular e geral. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o valor preditivo da frequência cardíaca em repouso (FCR, antes do teste ergométrico (TE, na mortalidade cardiovascular (CV e geral. MÉTODOS: Estudo de caso-controle, que utilizou informações contidas nos bancos de dados do laboratório de ergometria de um hospital especializado em cardiologia e os registros de óbitos da Secretaria da Saúde em uma cidade do sul do Brasil, de janeiro de 1995 a junho de 2007. Foram analisados 7.055 pacientes, sendo 1.645 (23,3% do grupo caso (óbitos e 5.410 (76,7% do grupo controle (vivos. Foi calculado o ponto de corte da FCR para mortalidade, através da curva ROC e realizada a análise multivariada para as variáveis selecionadas. Os desfechos foram mortalidade CV e geral. RESULTADOS: A incidência de mortalidade CV foi de 674 casos (9,5%; a FCR > 78 bpm foi o ponto de corte. Após ajustado para as variáveis selecionadas, o odds ratio (OR para FCR > 78 bpm foi de 3,5 (IC 95% = 2,9 - 4,2 para mortalidade CV e 3,6 (IC 95% = 3,2 - 4,0 para mortalidade geral. CONCLUSÃO: A FCR > 78 bpm é um preditor independente de mortalidade cardiovascular e geral.

  18. O impacto do CPAP na reabilitação cardíaca de pacientes com ICC: relato de caso El impacto del CPAP en la rehabilitación cardíaca de pacientes con ICC: caso clínico The impact of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP on the cardiac rehabilitation of patients with congestive heart failure: case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Murillo Frazão de Lima e Costa

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available A insuficiência cardíaca congestiva é uma patologia que limita a função física do paciente. Neste estudo foi analisada uma paciente, realizando um programa de reabilitação cardíaca associado à pressão positiva contínua nas vias aéreas, aferindo-se antes do estudo e após 6 semanas, o teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6M, questionário de qualidade de vida e ecocardiograma. A paciente aumentou a distância no TC6M de 152,5 m para 520,44 m. O questionário Minnesota reduziu de 62 para 18. A fração de ejeção subiu de 33% para 36%. Na paciente estudada a conduta melhorou o desempenho físico e a qualidade de vida.La insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva es una patología que limita la función física del paciente. En este estudio fue analizada una paciente, realizando un programa de rehabilitación cardíaca asociado a la presión positiva continua en las vías aéreas, realizando antes del estudio y después de 6 semanas, el test de caminata de 6 minutos (TC6M, cuestionario de calidad de vida y ecocardiograma. La paciente aumentó la distancia en el TC6M de 152,5 m a 520,44 m. El cuestionario Minnesota redujo de 62 a 18. La fracción de eyección subió de 33% a 36%. En la paciente estudiada la conducta mejoró el desempeño físico y la calidad de vida.Congestive heart failure is a pathology that limits the patient's physical function. This study analyzed one patient who was submitted to a cardiac rehabilitation program associated to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP, by assessing the results of the six-minute walk test (6MWT and a questionnaire on the quality of life and performing an echocardiographic assessment before the study and after six weeks. The distance walked by the patient increased from 152.5 m to 520.44 m at the 6MWT. The Minnesota questionnaire score decreased from 62 to 18. Ejection fraction increased from 33% to 36%. Therefore, the management chosen for this case improved the patient's physical performance

  19. Cuidados imediatos no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca Immediate post-operative care following cardiac surgery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo Ramos David João

    2003-11-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Apresentar uma rotina de atendimento para crianças submetidas à cirurgia cardíaca. FONTES DOS DADOS: Realizada revisão bibliográfica através de bancos de dados (Medline, Mdconsult, PubMed, analisando as condutas sugeridas por diversos serviços fora do Brasil e comparando com a rotina de atendimento no Hospital Infantil Pequeno Príncipe, de Curitiba, onde foram realizadas cerca de 8.000 cirurgias cardíacas desde 1977 até abril de 2003. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: O serviço citado é referência em cardiologia e cirurgia cardíaca no estado do Paraná e estados vizinhos. A evolução das condições de diagnóstico, preparo da equipe clínica e cirúrgica, unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI melhor equipada com monitorização mais avançada, equipe da UTI com pessoal treinado em todas as áreas para fazer pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, estrutura hospitalar adequada, oferecendo atendimento avançado em todas as especialidades pediátricas e paramédicas, fazem com que o resultado das intervenções cirúrgicas realizadas em crianças com cardiopatias congênitas ou adquiridas, principalmente nos recém-nascidos e lactentes jovens com cardiopatias complexas, apresente sensível melhora quando comparado com anos anteriores. CONCLUSÃO: As crianças com cardiopatias, principalmente as complexas, devem ser encaminhadas para um local que seja centro de referência, onde haja condições para um atendimento global no pré, per e pós-operatório.OBJECTIVE: To present a care routine for children submitted to heart surgery. SOURCE OF DATA: Literature review of Medscape, MD Consult and PubMed. Analysis of the suggested conducts adopted by various services from different countries and comparison with the care routine at the Pequeno Príncipe Children's Hospital (Curitiba, state of Paraná, where approximately 8,000 heart surgeries were performed in children from 1977 to April 2003. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS: Our hospital is a reference

  20. Mutant strain screening by 60Co γ-rays irradiation and its cellulase enzyme produce condition

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Song Andong; Su Lijuan; Xie Hui; Qu Yinbo; Yang Ming

    2008-01-01

    A mutant strain A50 with high cellulase activity was induced and isolated by using 60 Co γ-rays irradiation from the initial Penicillium decumbens A10. The optimum fermentation conditions of A50 were investigated through orthogonal designing experiment, the major carbon resource 5%, the ratio between wheat bran and corn straw 1:1, the concentration of glucose as supplemental carbon 0.1%, the concentration of (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 as supplemental nitrogen resource 0.2%, the initial pH of liquid medium 5.0, the inoculated amount for fermentation 10% and the concentration of Tween-80 0.1%, 30 ml initial media filled in the 300 ml flask with culture condition of 32 degree C and 200 r/min. Under the optimum conditions mentioned above, the highest activities of cellulase and filter paper enzyme were 27.28 and 1.98IU/ml at 60 h fermentation, respectively, which was 33.2% and 45.59% higher than those of the initial strain. (authors)

  1. Manejo nutricional de la enfermedad celíaca Nutritional management of the celiac disease

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daris I. González Hernández

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available La enfermedad celíaca es una causa importante de malaabsorción en la niñez. Se caracteriza por una intolerancia total y permanente al gluten que contiene la fracción proteica del trigo y otros cereales. La patogenia de la enfermedad es multifactorial y tiene un cuadro clínico variado, en el cual predominan los síntomas de malaabsorción y la desnutrición. La dieta exenta de gluten es la parte más importante de la terapéutica, además de hacer frente a las deficiencias nutricionales. Se hace una revisión del manejo dietético y la educación nutricional del paciente y sus familiares, con énfasis en los alimentos que pueden contener gluten de forma enmascarada.

  2. Effect of supplementation of yeast with bacteriocin and culture on growth performance, cecal fermentation, microbiota composition, and blood characteristics in broiler chickens

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. Y. Chen

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of yeast with bacteriocin and Lactobacillus cultures (mixture of Lactobacillus agilis BCRC 10436 and Lactobacillus reuteri BCRC 17476 supplements, alone or in combination, on broiler chicken performance. Methods A total of 300, 1-d-old healthy broiler chickens were randomly divided into five treatment groups: i basal diet (control, ii basal diet+0.25% yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (YC, iii basal diet+0.25% yeast with bacteriocin (BA, iv basal diet+Lactobacillus cultures (LAB, and v basal diet +0.25% yeast with bacteriocin+Lactobacillus cultures (BA+LAB. Growth performance, cecal microbiota, cecal fermentation products, and blood biochemistry parameters were determined when chickens were 21 and 35 d old. Results The supplementation of YC, BA, and BA+LAB resulted in a significantly better feed conversion rate (FCR than that of the control group during 1 to 21 d (p<0.05. The LAB supplementation had a significant effect on the presence of Lactobacillus in the ceca at 35 d. None of the supplements had an effect on relative numbers of L. agilis and L. reuter at 21 d, but the BA supplementation resulted in the decrease of both Lactobacillus strains at 35 d. The BA+LAB supplementation resulted in higher short chain fatty acid (SCFA in the ceca, but LAB supplementation significantly decreased the SCFA at 35 d (p<0.05. All treatments tended to decrease ammonia concentration in the ceca at 21 d, especially in the LAB treatment group. The BA supplementation alone decreased the triacylglycerol (TG concentration significantly at 21 d (p<0.05, but the synergistic effect of BA and LAB supplementation was required to reduce the TG concentration at 35 d. The YC supplementation tended to increase the plasma cholesterol at 21 d and 35 d. However, the BA supplementation significantly decreased the cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol level at 35 d. In conclusion, the BA

  3. A Possible Role of Peptides in the Growth Enhancement of an Industrial Strain of Saccharomyces sp.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dino Paolo Cortes

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available Individual addition of a commercially available nutritional supplement and a methanol extract from an industrial Saccharomyces sp. strain SMC resulted in the enhanced growth of Saccharomyces sp. strain SMC in minimal medium. Isolation of the growth enhancing components from aqueous extracts of the supplement and the cellular extract was performed using reversed-phase, gel filtration, and ion exchange chromatography. Reversed-phase chromatography using Sep-Pak® vac C18 yielded aqueous washes which elicited increased yeast growth. Gel filtration chromatography of the aqueous washes in a group separation mode using Sephadex G25 gave three distinct groups for the nutritional supplement, and four distinct groups for the cellular extract. Fraction groups that exhibited growth enhancing activity also exhibited high absorbances at all three wavelengths of 214, 260, and 280 nm. Two major fractions which tested positive for growth enhancing activity in succeeding experiments were obtained after passing each of the active GFC groups through a Toyopearl SP 550C cation exchanger column. The active component from the cellular extract did not bind to the cation exchanger. The absorbance data at 214 nm (peptide bond experimental absorbance maximum wavelength, the Bradford assay (showing the presence of proteinaceous matter, and the active component’s inclusion in the Sephadex G25 fractionation range of 1-5 kDa (characteristic of small peptides suggest that the growth enhancing components of the nutritional supplement and methanol cell extracts are peptides.

  4. Cistatina C como predictor de síndrome cardio-renal y mal pronóstico en pacientes internados por insuficiencia cardíaca aguda y función renal normal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Iván Constantin

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: El desarrollo de disfunción renal en el contexto de una falla cardíaca aguda se conoce como síndrome cardiorrenal (SCR tipo 1. El empeoramiento de la función renal (EFR durante la internación es un predictor de mal pronóstico. La cistatina C ha surgido como un marcador de función renal alternativo a la creatinina. Objetivo: Demostrar la utilidad clínica de la cistatina C como predictor de EFR y factor pronóstico en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca aguda y sin disfunción renal evaluada por creatinina al ingreso. Material y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional, prospectivo, de pacientes consecutivos con diagnóstico de insuficiencia cardíaca aguda y sin disfunción renal, definida como un valor de creatinina < 1,3 mg/dl al ingreso. Se realizó un dosaje de cistatina C al ingreso. El punto final primario fue EFR y los secundarios fueron mortalidad hospitalaria, mortalidad total y reinternación por insuficiencia cardíaca. Resultados: Se incluyeron 166 pacientes con una mediana de edad de 85 años (IIC 77,7-89. La incidencia de EFR fue del 29,7%, con una mortalidad hospitalaria del 3,1% y una mortalidad total del 24,4%. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 193 días. El valor de cistatina C fue significativamente mayor en los pacientes que desarrollaron EFR (1,72 ± 0,58 mg/dl vs. 1,51 ± 0,41 mg/dl; p = 0,03 y en los pacientes que murieron en el seguimiento (1,76 ± 0,49 mg/dl vs. 1,51 ± 0,46 mg/dl; p = 0,004. La cistatina C resultó un predictor independiente de mortalidad (OR 3,03, IC 95% 1,22-7,47 y de EFR (OR 2,38, IC 95% 1,02- 5,5 en el análisis multivariado. Se halló un punto de corte óptimo de 1,6 mg/dl de cistatina, con una sensibilidad del 61,22% y una especificidad del 60,34% para el desarrollo de EFR y del 61,54% y 61,98%, respectivamente, para mortalidad total. Conclusión: El valor de cistatina C al ingreso es predictor de desarrollo de EFR durante la internación y de mayor mortalidad en

  5. Effect of Bifidobacterium breve M-16V supplementation on fecal bifidobacteria in preterm neonates--a randomised double blind placebo controlled trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patole, Sanjay; Keil, Anthony D; Chang, Annie; Nathan, Elizabeth; Doherty, Dorota; Simmer, Karen; Esvaran, Meera; Conway, Patricia

    2014-01-01

    Probiotic supplementation significantly reduces the risk of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and all cause mortality in preterm neonates. Independent quality assessment is important before introducing routine probiotic supplementation in this cohort. To assess product quality, and confirm that Bifidobacterium breve (B. breve) M-16V supplementation will increase fecal B. breve counts without adverse effects. Strain identity (16S rRNA gene sequencing), viability over 2 year shelf-life were confirmed, and microbial contamination of the product was ruled out. In a controlled trial preterm neonates (Gestation breve M-16V (3×109 cfu/day) or placebo (dextrin) supplementation until the corrected age 37 weeks. Stool samples were collected before (S1) and after 3 weeks of supplementation (S2) for studying fecal B. breve levels using quantitative PCR (Primary outcome). Secondary outcomes included total fecal bifidobacteria and NEC≥Stage II. Categorical and continuous outcomes were analysed using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests, and McNemar and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for paired comparisons. A total of 159 neonates (Probiotic: 79, Placebo: 80) were enrolled. Maternal and neonatal demographic characteristics were comparable between the groups. The proportion of neonates with detectable B. breve increased significantly post intervention: Placebo: [S1:2/66 (3%), S2: 25/66 (38%), pbreve counts in both groups were below detection (breve M-16V is a suitable probiotic strain for routine use in preterm neonates. Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN 12609000374268.

  6. Estrogenic Activities of Food Supplements and Beers as Assessed by a Yeast Bioreporter Assay.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Omoruyi, Iyekhoetin Matthew; Pohjanvirta, Raimo

    2017-10-31

    Mounting evidence of the effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in humans has led to assaying a vast array of food items (processed or packaged) as possible sources of human exposure to estrogens. In this study, we investigated the current situation in this respect of different food supplements and beer brands. Eleven food supplements and 24 beer brands were obtained from Helsinki, Finland. Sample preparation was carried out by established methods while estrogenic activities were assessed by a yeast bioluminescent assay, using two recombinant yeast strains (Saccharomyces cerevisiae BMAEREluc/ERα and S. cerevisiae BMA64/luc). All the food supplements as well as 81% of the beer samples tested were found to be estrogenic, with estradiol equivalent concentrations of food supplements and beer brands ranging from 7.5 to 11.5 µg/ml and from below detection limits to 43.6 ng/ml, respectively. The estrogenic activities detected in beer samples were not dependent on the beer's alcoholic content, the country of production, or the size of the production brewery. The results of our study imply that both food supplements and beers can be a significant source of human exposure to estrogens. Therefore, further studies and regular surveillance are warranted.

  7. Complementarity in dietary supplements and foods: are supplement users vegetable eaters?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kang, Hyoung-Goo; Joo, Hailey Hayeon; Choi, Kyong Duk; Lee, Dongmin; Moon, Junghoon

    2017-01-01

    Background : The consumption of fruits, vegetables, and dietary supplements correlate. Most previous studies have aimed to identify the determinants of supplement uses or the distinct features of supplement users; this literature lacks a discussion on dietary supplement consumption as a predictor of fruit and vegetable consumption. Objective : This study examines how dietary supplement consumption correlates with fruit and vegetable consumption by combining scanner data and surveys of Korean household grocery shopping. Methods : Propensity score matching (PSM) is used to identify the relationship between dietary supplement consumption and fruit and vegetable consumption in a household. A logit regression using supplement consumption as the dependent variable is used. Then, the supplement takers (the treatment group) are matched with non-takers (the control group) based on the propensity scores estimated in the logit regression. The fruit and vegetable consumption levels of the groups are then compared. Results : We found that dietary supplement use is associated with higher fruit and vegetable consumption. This supports the health consciousness hypothesis based on attention bias, availability heuristics, the focusing effect, and the consumption episode effect. It rejects the health substitute hypothesis based on economic substitutes and mental accounting. Conclusions : Future research on the health benefits of dietary supplements should address the complementary consumption of fruits/vegetables and their health benefits to avoid misstating the health effects of supplements.

  8. Cell culture isolation and sequence analysis of genetically diverse US porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains including a novel strain with a large deletion in the spike gene.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oka, Tomoichiro; Saif, Linda J; Marthaler, Douglas; Esseili, Malak A; Meulia, Tea; Lin, Chun-Ming; Vlasova, Anastasia N; Jung, Kwonil; Zhang, Yan; Wang, Qiuhong

    2014-10-10

    The highly contagious and deadly porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) first appeared in the US in April 2013. Since then the virus has spread rapidly nationwide and to Canada and Mexico causing high mortality among nursing piglets and significant economic losses. Currently there are no efficacious preventive measures or therapeutic tools to control PEDV in the US. The isolation of PEDV in cell culture is the first step toward the development of an attenuated vaccine, to study the biology of PEDV and to develop in vitro PEDV immunoassays, inactivation assays and screen for PEDV antivirals. In this study, nine of 88 US PEDV strains were isolated successfully on Vero cells with supplemental trypsin and subjected to genomic sequence analysis. They differed genetically mainly in the N-terminal S protein region as follows: (1) strains (n=7) similar to the highly virulent US PEDV strains; (2) one similar to the reportedly US S INDEL PEDV strain; and (3) one novel strain most closely related to highly virulent US PEDV strains, but with a large (197aa) deletion in the S protein. Representative strains of these three genetic groups were passaged serially and grew to titers of ∼5-6log10 plaque forming units/mL. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the isolation in cell culture of an S INDEL PEDV strain and a PEDV strain with a large (197aa) deletion in the S protein. We also designed primer sets to detect these genetically diverse US PEDV strains. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  9. Progress toward isolation of strains and genetically engineered strains of microalgae for production of biofuel and other value added chemicals: A review

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ghosh, Ashmita; Khanra, Saumyakanti; Mondal, Madhumanti; Halder, Gopinath; Tiwari, O.N.; Saini, Supreet; Bhowmick, Tridib Kumar; Gayen, Kalyan

    2016-01-01

    Highlights: • Sample collection, isolation and identification to obtain a pure microalgal species. • Isolation of microalgal strains worldwide based on continent and habitat. • Genetic engineering tools for enhanced production of biodiesel and value added chemicals. • Cultivation systems for genetically modified strain. - Abstract: Microalgae and cyanobacteria are promising sources of biodiesel because of their high oil content (∼10 fold higher) and shorter cultivation time (∼4 fold lesser) than conventional oil producing territorial plants (e.g., soybean, corn and jatropha). These organisms also provide source of several valuable natural chemicals including pigments, food supplements like eicosapentanoic acid [EPA], decosahexaenoic acid [DHA] and vitamins. In addition, many cellular components of these organisms are associated with therapeutic properties like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating, and antiviral. Isolation and identification of high-yielding strains with the faster growth rate is the key for successful implementation of algal biodiesel (or other products) at a commercial level. A number of research groups in Europe, America, and Australia are thus extensively involved in exploration of novel microalgal strain. Further, genetic engineering provides a tool to engineer the native strain resulting in transgenic strain with higher yields. Despite these efforts, no consensus has yet been reached so far in zeroing on the best microalgal strain for sustainable production of biofuel at reasonable cost. The search for novel microalgal strain and transgenesis of microalgae, are continuing side by side with the hope of commercial scale production of microalgae biofuel in near future. However, no consolidated review report exists which guides to isolate and identify a uncontaminated microalgal strain along with their transgenesis. The present review is focused on: (i) key factors for sample collection, isolation, and identification to

  10. Lesão da artéria ilíaca esquerda durante laminectomia lombar: relato de caso Lesión de la arteria ilíaca izquierda durante laminectomia lombar: relato de caso Left iliac artery injury during lumbar laminectomy: case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wanderley Rodrigues Moreira

    2003-08-01

    Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Lesão da artéria ilíaca é uma ocorrência rara em laminectomias, porém, muito grave. O objetivo deste relato é apresentar um caso de lesão da artéria ilíaca esquerda, em paciente submetido a laminectomia lombar sob raquianestesia, que se manifestou clinicamente no pós-operatório imediato, sete horas após o início da cirurgia. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente do sexo masculino, estado físico ASA I, 31 anos, 68 kg, foi submetido à laminectomia lombar em decúbito ventral sob raquianestesia em L2-L3, com bupivacaína hiperbárica a 0,5% (20 mg e fentanil 25 µg. A cirurgia transcorreu normalmente e sete horas após o seu início, já no pós-operatório, o paciente apresentou hipotensão arterial, taquicardia, agitação e dor abdominal difusa. A tomografia abdominal mostrou aspecto compatível com hematoma retroperitoneal e a laparotomia exploradora revelou lesão da artéria ilíaca comum esquerda. Após a laparotomia, o paciente evoluiu bem. CONCLUSÕES: Na dependência do posicionamento e do estado físico, técnicas de anestesia geral se impõem. O caso chama atenção para o fato de que qualquer técnica anestésica que tenha sido realizada, o sangramento no campo operatório pode não ser real, na vigência de uma lesão vascular, porque este sangramento pode ser tardio. No presente caso, a manifestação clínica ocorreu sete horas após o início da cirurgia, quando o paciente já estava recuperado da anestesia. No entanto, o fenômeno (hipotensão arterial poderia ter ocorrido no per-operatório.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: Lesión de la arteria ilíaca es una ocurrencia rara en laminectomias, no obstante, muy grave. El objetivo de este relato es presentar un caso de lesión de la arteria ilíaca izquierda, en paciente sometido a laminectomia lombar sobre raquianestesia, que se manifestó clínicamente en el pós-operatorio inmediato, siete horas después del inicio de la cirugía. RELATO DEL CASO: Paciente

  11. Probiotic supplementation and fast freezing to improve quality attributes and oxidation stability of frozen chicken breast muscle

    Science.gov (United States)

    The objective of this study was to determine the effects of probiotic supplementation and fast freezing on quality attributes and oxidation stability of frozen/thawed chicken breast meat. Broilers were fed with a basal diet or the basal diet plus 250 ppm Sporulin (three strains of Bacillus subtilis)...

  12. The effect of a probiotic Escherichia coli strain on regulatory T-cells in six year-old children.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hrdý, J; Kocourková, I; Lodinová-Žádníková, R; Kolářová, L; Prokešová, L

    2016-11-30

    Probiotics are believed to prevent or reduce allergy development but the mechanism of their beneficial effect is still poorly understood. Immune characteristics of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in peripheral blood of perinatally probiotic-supplemented children of allergic mothers (51 children), non-supplemented children of allergic mothers (42 children), and non-supplemented children of healthy mothers (28 children) were compared at the age of 6-7 years. A first dose of a probiotic Escherichia coli strain (E. coli O83:K24:H31) was administered within 2 days after the birth and then 12 times during the first months of life and children were followed longitudinally. Proportion and functional properties of Tregs were estimated by flow cytometry in relation to the children's allergy status. Proportion of Tregs in the peripheral blood of children suffering from allergy tends to be higher whereas median of fluorescence intensity (MFI) of FoxP3 was significantly decreased in allergic group. Intracellular presence of regulatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 was also lower in allergic children. Immune functions of Tregs reflected by both MFI of FoxP3 and IL-10 in the group of probiotic-supplemented children of allergic mothers were nearly comparable with children of healthy mothers while probiotic non-supplemented children of allergic mothers have decreased immune function of Tregs. Supplementation by probiotic E. coli strain decreases allergy incidence in high-risk children. In contrast to our expectation, proportion of Tregs has not been increased in probiotic supplemented children. Beneficial effect of probiotics on newborn immature immune system could be, at least partially, explained by the modulating immune function of Tregs. In summary, we detected increased proportion of Tregs in peripheral blood of allergic children, their functional properties were decreased in comparison with the Tregs of healthy children. A unifying hypothesis for these findings is that Treg numbers

  13. Molecular characterization of three 3-ketosteroid-Delta(1)-dehydrogenase isoenzynnes of Rhodococcus ruber strain Chol-4

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Fernandez de las Heras, Laura; van der Geize, Robert; Drzyzga, Oliver; Perera, Julian; Navarro Llorens, Juana Maria

    2012-01-01

    Rhodococcus ruber strain Chol-4 isolated from a sewage sludge sample is able to grow on minimal medium supplemented with steroids, showing a broad catabolic capacity. This paper reports the characterization of three different 3-ketosteroid-Delta(1)-dehydrogenases (KstDs) in the genome of R. ruber

  14. PONTOS DE TRANSIÇÃO DA FREQUÊNCIA CARDÍACA NA MARCHA ATLÉTICA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Danilo Leonel Alves

    Full Text Available RESUMO Introdução: A frequência cardíaca fornece informações úteis para os treinamentos de marcha atlética. Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o comportamento da frequência cardíaca (FC e seus pontos de inflexão (PIFC e deflexão (PDFC em teste progressivo de marcha atlética (TPMA antes e depois de 20 sessões de treinamento. Métodos: Participaram 13 jovens atletas (12,46 ± 1,61 anos, 44,29 ± 10,25 kg, 157,93 ± 12,03 cm, 24,39 ± 7,60 %G. O TPMA foi realizado em uma pista oficial de atletismo, antes e depois do treinamento. Os dados de FC e carga foram plotados a cada minuto para identificação dos PIFC e PDFC. Resultados: A FC apresentou comportamento sigmoide, com identificação dos pontos de transição (PT, sendo no pré-treinamento: a oito sujeitos PIFC (5,31 km·h-1; 125 bpm e PDFC (7,63 km·h-1; 169 bpm; b um sujeito somente PIFC (7,00 km·h-1; 149 bpm; c um sujeito somente PDFC (8,00 km·h-1; 170 bpm; d três sujeitos sem detecção de PT e no pós-treinamento: a em 12 sujeitos PIFC (5,46 km·h-1; 125 bpm e PDFC (7,75 km·h-1; 168 bpm; b um sujeito somente PDFC (7,50 km·h-1; 184 bpm. O PIFC foi encontrado em carga significativamente inferior ao PDFC no pré (p < 0,001 e no pós-treinamento (p < 0,001. Quando comparamos o PIFC e o PDFC pré e pós, não encontramos diferença significativa, seja em relação à carga (p = 0,87 e p = 0,61 ou FC (p = 0,60 e p = 0,99. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a FC tem relação curvilínea com a carga, sendo possível detectar os seus pontos de transição em TPMA.

  15. Performance characteristics and physiological response of broiler chickens at finisher stage to oral supplementation with fluted pumpkin, Telfairia occidentalis leaf extract

    OpenAIRE

    Olufemi ALABI; Mathew AYOOLA; Oyebola AKINOSO

    2017-01-01

    The performance characteristics and physiological response of broiler chickens to oral supplementation with Telfairia occidentalis leaf extract (TOLE) at finisher stage were investigated. One hundred and twenty unsexed broilers of Arbor Acre strain at 28-day-old were randomly divided into four treatment groups of oral supplementation each with three replicates. The treatment groups are: T1=Water (control), T2=Vitalyte, T3=15% TOLE, and T4=30% TOLE. The experiment lasted for 70 days, during wh...

  16. Three Words and the Future of the Affordable Care Act.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bagley, Nicholas

    2015-06-01

    As an essential part of its effort to achieve near universal coverage, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) extends sizable tax credits to most people who buy insurance on the newly established health care exchanges. Yet several lawsuits have been filed challenging the availability of those tax credits in the thirty-four states that refused to set up their own exchanges. The lawsuits are premised on a strained interpretation of the ACA that, if accepted, would make a hash of other provisions of the statute and undermine its effort to extend coverage to the uninsured. The courts should reject this latest effort to dismantle a critical feature of the ACA. Copyright © 2015 by Duke University Press.

  17. Efecto de la suplementación con aceite de pescado sobre la frecuencia cardíaca y temperatura rectal en perros sanos durante un programa de entrenamiento en cinta trotadora

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Javier Pellegrino

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la suplementación con aceite de pescado sobre la frecuencia cardíaca y temperatura rectal en perros sanos durante un programa de entrenamiento en cinta trotadora. En un diseño experimental cruzado, 5 perros machos fueron asignados aleatoriamente a los grupos control y aceite de pescado, y recibieron diariamente 54 mg de aceite de pescado/kg de peso corporal0,75. Todos fueron entrenados en cinta trotadora dos veces por semana durante 12 semanas. Cada sesión incluyó un total de 30 minutos a 8 km/h y 7,5 % de pendiente. Se evaluó la frecuencia cardíaca previa, inmediatamente posterior y a los 5 minutos de finalizada cada sesión de entrenamiento. Se midió la temperatura rectal previa y posterior a cada sesión. En el grupo aceite de pescado, la frecuencia cardíaca y temperatura rectal posteriores a cada sesión de entrenamiento disminuyeron significativamente (P0,1. Los resultados obtenidos podrían reflejar una mejora en el rendimiento en perros suplementados con aceite de pescado durante el entrenamiento en cinta trotadora. Sin embargo, sería interesante realizar más estudios que permitan explicar los mecanismos por los cuales la suplementación con aceite de pescado podría mejorar el rendimiento en entrenamiento.

  18. Determinants of dietary supplement use - healthy individuals use dietary supplements

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kofoed, Christina L F; Christensen, Jane; Dragsted, Lars Ove

    2015-01-01

    influence the use of dietary supplements. Only few studies investigating the use of dietary supplements have been conducted in the Danish population. The present cross-sectional study is based on 54 948 Danes, aged 50-64 years, who completed self-administrated questionnaires on diet, dietary supplements...... and lifestyle between 1993 and 1997. A health index including smoking, physical activity, alcohol and diet, and a metabolic risk index including waist circumference, urinary glucose and measured hypertension were constructed. Logistic regression was used to investigate these determinants in relation...... to the intake of dietary supplements. We found that 71 % of the participants were dietary supplement users; female sex, older age groups and higher educated participants were more likely to be users of any dietary supplements. One additional point in the health index was associated with 19, 16 and 9 % higher...

  19. Papel do óxido nítrico no desenvolvimento de lesões cardíacas na fase aguda da infecção experimental pelo Trypanosoma cruzi Role of nitric oxide in the development of cardiac lesions during the acute phase of experimental infection by Trypanosoma cruzi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cláudia Renata Bibiano Borges

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available A doença de Chagas é causada pelo Trypanosoma cruzi e o coração é o órgão mais acometido. O óxido nítrico apresenta importante ação anti-Trypanosoma, porém, com pouca evidência de seu papel no mecanismo de lesão tecidual. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a contribuição do óxido nítrico no desenvolvimento da inflamação e da fibrose cardíaca na fase aguda da infecção experimental por cepas Y e Colombiana do Trypanosoma cruzi. A inflamação foi significativamente maior nos animais infectados pela cepa Colombiana, comparada com os infectados com a cepa Y, tanto nos animais C57BL/6 (3,98x1,87%; p=0,004 quanto nos animais C57BL/6 deficientes na sintase do óxido nítrico induzível (3,99x2,4%; p=0,013. O parasitismo cardíaco dos animais C57BL/6 deficientes na sintase do óxido nítrico induzível infectados pela cepa Colombiana foi significativamente maior que o destes mesmos animais infectados com a cepa Y (2,78x0,17 ninhos/mm²; p=0,004 assim como, os animais C57BL/6 infectados com a cepa Colombiana (2,78x1,33 ninhos/mm²; p=0,006 ou cepa Y (2,78x0,53 ninhos/mm²; p=0,005. Os dados reforçam o papel do óxido nítrico no controle do parasitismo e sugerem seu papel na proteção tecidual, controlando a inflamação e potencialmente diminuindo lesões cardíacas durante a fase aguda na doença de Chagas experimental.Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and the heart is the organ most affected. Nitric oxide has notable anti-Trypanosoma action, but with little evidence regarding its role in the mechanism for tissue injury. The objective of this study was to analyze the contribution of nitric oxide towards the development of inflammation and cardiac fibrosis during the acute phase of experimental infection by Y and Colombian strains of Trypanosoma cruzi. The inflammation was significantly more intense in animals infected with the Colombian strain, compared with those infected with the Y strain, both in C57BL/6

  20. Enhanced production of protease by mutagenized strain of aspergillus oryzae in solid substrate fermentation of rice bran

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yousif, M.; Irfan, M.; Baig, S.; Iqbal, A.

    2010-01-01

    Neutral protease activity of parent strain of Aspergellus oryzae was enhanced by UV and chemical mutagenization with ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS). After screening, a hyper producing strain was isolated and found effective for tile production of neutral protease as compared to the parent strain of Aspergellus oryzae. Solid substrate fermentation was carried out in 250ml conical flask with 45 % initial moisture contents at a temperature of 30 deg. C for 72 flours. Under the optimum conditions maximum yield of neutral protease obtained was 662.61+-0.36 U/gds, Almost all the organic nitrogen supplements favored the enzyme production while sucrose proved as a best carbon source. (author)

  1. Elevación diafragmática con colapso de la aurícula derecha y síntomas de falla cardíaca: Reporte de un caso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan C. Díaz, MD

    2013-01-01

    Se reporta el caso de una paciente que presentó signos y síntomas compatibles con falla cardíaca derecha y en quien los diferentes estudios demostraron una elevación diafragmática con colapso de la aurícula derecha como causa de su sintomatología.

  2. Structural identification of lipopeptide biosurfactants produced by Bacillus subtilis strains grown on the media obtained from renewable natural resources.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Paraszkiewicz, Katarzyna; Bernat, Przemysław; Kuśmierska, Anna; Chojniak, Joanna; Płaza, Grażyna

    2018-03-01

    The aim of the study was to identify and characterize lipopeptide (LP) biosurfactants produced by two Bacillus subtilis strains (KP7 and I'-1a) grown on various media prepared from renewable natural resources: two different brewery wastewaters (BW#4 and BW#6), 2% beet molasses (M), apple peels extract (APE) supplemented with 0.25% of yeast extract (YE) or 0.25% peptone (P), and similarly supplemented carrot peels extract (CPE). In all used media both strains retained their individual LP production signature characterized by surfactin and iturin overproduction exhibited by KP7 and I'-1a strain, respectively. The production level and the structural diversity of synthesized LPs were dependent on the medium composition. In the CPE+YE medium it was higher than the yield obtained in Luria-Bertani (140.6 and 100.3 mg L -1 , respectively). Surfactins were produced by both strains as a mixture of four homologues (C13-C16) with the domination of variant C14. All other broths prepared from renewable resources strongly stimulated the iturin production by I'-1a strain with the exception of BW media. The highest iturin concentration (428.7 mg L -1 ) obtained in the CPE+P culture of I'-1a strain was about seven-fold higher than in LB. In all cultures only iturin A was identified. Among four iturin homologues (C13-16) produced by I'-1a strain, the highest relative contents of C16 variant (70-80%) were calculated for samples obtained from APE+P and CPE+P media. The obtained data indicate that the waste composition has an influence on both the types and amounts of biosurfactants produced by studied B. subtilis strains. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  3. Reconocimiento de valvulopatías cardíacas en señales de fonocardiografía empleando la transformada Gabor

    OpenAIRE

    Echeverry Correa, Julián David; López, Andrés Felipe; López, Juan Fernando

    2007-01-01

    Se presenta en este trabajo una metodología de caracterización basada en la representación tiempo frecuencia de las señales fonocardiográficas con el fin de hacer reconocimiento de valvulopatías cardíacas. La naturaleza de estas patologías las hace susceptibles a ser caracterizadas por medio de representaciones en el espacio conjunto tiempo-frecuencia. Se emplea la transformada de Gabor para llevar los registros a este tipo bidimensional de representación. Los porcentajes de clasificación, me...

  4. Avaliação da endotelização de hastes de stents em artérias ilíacas de coelhos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Celso Kiyochi Takimura

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A rápida endotelização pós-implante de stent é ocorrência desejável por teoricamente reduzir a possibilidade de trombose do stent. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a extensão da endotelização de hastes de stents eluidores de sirolimus (liberados da face luminal e abluminal e abluminal exclusivamente em artérias ilíacas de coelhos. MÉTODOS: Foram implantados em artérias ilíacas de 10 coelhos quatro stents eluidores de sirolimus na face luminal e abluminal, três stents eluidores de sirolimus na face abluminal, seis stents recobertos com polímero e quatro stents sem recobrimento. Após quatro semanas, foi realizada eutanásia e utilizou-se microscopia eletrônica de varredura para quantificação da área de hastes de stent exposta e da porcentagem de endotelização. RESULTADOS: A área (média ± DP (mm² de hastes expostas de stent sem recobrimento, stent recoberto com polímero, stent eluidor de sirolimus na face luminal e abluminal e stent eluidor de sirolimus na face abluminal foi de 0,12 ± 0,08; 0,09 ± 0,12; 0,60 ± 0,67 e 0,05 ± 0,04 respectivamente (p = 0,120. A porcentagem de endotelização (média ± DP (% de stent sem recobrimento, stent recoberto com polímero, stent eluidor de sirolimus na face luminal e abluminal e stent eluidor de sirolimus na face abluminal foi de 99 ± 01; 99 ± 0; 97 ± 03 e 99 ± 0 respectivamente (p = 0,133. CONCLUSÃO: Após quatro semanas de implante em artérias ilíacas de coelhos, os stents com liberação de sirolimus tanto da face luminal e abluminal quanto da face abluminal exclusivamente apresentaram taxas de endotelização de hastes de stent semelhantes aos apresentados nos demais tipos de stents sem eluição de medicamento.

  5. Prevalência de disfagia orofaríngea no acidente vascular cerebral após cirurgia cardíaca

    OpenAIRE

    Tatiana Magalhães de Almeida; Paula Cristina Cola; Daniel Magnoni; João Ítalo Dias França; Roberta Gonçalves da Silva

    2015-01-01

    Resumo: OBJETIVO: determinar a prevalência de disfagia orofaríngea em indivíduos submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca e que evoluíram com Acidente Vascular Cerebral em Hospital Público de Referência. MÉTODOS: estudo clínico descritivo, retrospectivo, realizado por meio da coleta de dados de protocolos de avaliação clínica da deglutição orofaríngea, no período de novembro de 2010 á novembro de 2011. Foram incluídos os 25 protocolos de avaliação clínica para disfagia orofaríngea de indivíduos que f...

  6. Half-metallic ferromagnetism in full-Heusler compounds ACaX2 (A = K and Rb; X = N and O)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Umamaheswari, R.; Vijayalakshmi, D.; Yogeswari, M.; Kalpana, G.

    2014-01-01

    Electronic structure and magnetic properties of hypothetical ACaX 2 (A = K and Rb; X= N and O) compounds in full-Heusler phase have been investigated based on density functional theory (DFT) within the local density approximation (LDA). The electronic band structures and density of states of these compounds show that the spin-down electrons have metallic, and the spin-up electrons have a semi conducting gap resulting in stable half-metallic ferromagnetic behaviour. The strong spin polarization of 2p states of N and O atoms is found to be the origin of ferromagnetism which results in a total magnetic moment of 3 μB and 1 μB respectively

  7. Design and thermodynamic analysis of a hybrid energy storage system based on A-CAES (adiabatic compressed air energy storage) and FESS (flywheel energy storage system) for wind power application

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhao, Pan; Dai, Yiping; Wang, Jiangfeng

    2014-01-01

    Electricity generated from renewable wind sources is highly erratic due to the intermittent nature of wind. This uncertainty of wind power can lead to challenges regarding power system operation and dispatch. Energy storage system in conjunction with wind energy system can offset these effects, making the wind power controllable. Moreover, the power spectrum of wind power exhibits that the fluctuations of wind power include various components with different frequencies and amplitudes. Thus, the hybrid energy storage system is more suitable for smoothing out the wind power fluctuations effectively rather than the independent energy storage system. A hybrid energy storage system consisting of adiabatic compressed air energy storage (A-CAES) system and flywheel energy storage system (FESS) is proposed for wind energy application. The design of the proposed system is laid out firstly. The A-CAES system operates in variable cavern pressure, constant turbine inlet pressure mode, whereas the FESS is controlled by constant power strategy. Then, the off-design analysis of the proposed system is carried out. Meanwhile, a parametric analysis is also performed to investigate the effects of several parameters on the system performance, including the ambient conditions, inlet temperature of compressor, storage cavern temperature, maximum and minimum pressures of storage cavern. - Highlights: • A wind-hybrid energy storage system composed of A-CAES and FESS is proposed. • The design of the proposed hybrid energy storage system is laid out. • The off-design analysis of the proposed system is carried out. • A parametric analysis is conducted to examine the system performance

  8. Avaliação da pressão arterial e da frequência cardíaca durante imersão em repouso e caminhada

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kalina Durigon Keller

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento da pressão arterial e a frequência cardíaca de indivíduos hipertensos e normotensos durante repouso e caminhada enquanto imersos na água em diferentes profundidades. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 20 indivíduos, 10 hipertensos e 10 normotensos. Todos foram submetidos a 4 avaliações, sendo uma imerso em repouso até a profundidade do processo xifoide durante 20 minutos e outras 3 caminhando durante 20 minutos à intensidade de 65% da frequência cardíaca de reserva, cada uma delas em uma profundidade diferente, cicatriz umbilical, processo xifoide e ombros. RESULTADOS: Os resultados com atividades de caminhada quando comparados com os de repouso evidenciaram que somente a imersão na água parece não causar modificações na frequência cardíaca, mas que esta aumenta durante a execução da atividade aeróbica a uma intensidade moderada dentro da água. Com relação à pressão arterial, foi possível observar que, quando o indivíduo permaneceu imerso em repouso, após sair da água, ela teve um aumento súbito. Porém, quando se associou a imersão com a atividade aeróbica, após a saída da água, a PA teve uma diminuição e ela se manteve, pelo menos por 20 minutos, significativamente inferior ao início da sessão, antes de imergir e começar o exercício. Essa redução foi mais evidente quando o exercício foi realizado na profundidade do processo xifoide. CONCLUSÕES: O exercício aeróbico realizado na água em temperatura neutra contribui para a diminuição da pressão arterial tanto de indivíduos hipertensos como de normotensos, tornando-se um importante aliado no controle da pressão arterial.

  9. THE EFFECT OF PROBIOTICS SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF TWO STRAINS OF COCKERELS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ANDREW ADEGBOYEGA FATUFE

    2009-03-01

    Full Text Available In a 2 × 3 factorial design, two hundred and seven 3 weeks old black (Bovan Nera and white (Gold line cockerels were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments. The basal diet was based on maize, soybean meal, groundnut cake and wheat offal. Probiotics replaced the wheat offal in Diets I, II and III in proportion of 0, 0.05 and 0.1%. Probiotics contained Lactobacillus acidophilus, Saccharomyces cerevisae and Saccharomyces boulardii. Each diet was offered to 3 pens of 12 black cockerels each or 3 pens of 11 white cockerels each. Starting chicken of both strains responded non-significantly to increasing probiotics concentration in feed intake, body weight gain, and feed/gain ratio. A nonsignificant interaction occurred between strain and dietary probiotics concentration for all response criteria. The slope of regression of body weight changes depending on age was higher for white than black.

  10. Regeneration of the intestinal mucosa in Eimeria and E. Coli challenged broilers supplemented with amino acids.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gottardo, E T; Prokoski, K; Horn, D; Viott, A D; Santos, T C; Fernandes, J I M

    2016-05-01

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the regeneration of the intestinal mucosa in Eimeria and E. coli challenged broilers supplemented with glutamine, arginine, and threonine. Six hundred male broilers at one d of age from the Cobb strain were utilized. The design was completely randomized using a 2×3 factorial design (unchallenged and challenged and 3 diets). A commercial diet was used as a control and 2 other diets were formulated with glutamine (1.5 and 3% Aminogut®), arginine (1 and 2% L-Arginine), and threonine (1 and 2% L-threonine). The animals that consumed diets supplemented with amino acids presented better (Pbroilers that received diets supplemented with amino acids. High levels of amino acids in the experimental feeds reflected in greater protein levels in poultry house litter, and they did not interfere with ammonia production. The supplementation of diets with trophic amino acids can positively contribute to the regeneration and proliferation of the intestinal mucosa in broilers and to the maintenance of zootechnical performance when submitted to enteric challenges. © 2016 Poultry Science Association Inc.

  11. Vegetative Growth of Four Strains of Hericium erinaceus Collected from Different Habitats

    Science.gov (United States)

    Imtiaj, Ahmed; Jayasinghe, Chandana; Lee, Geon Woo; Shim, Mi Ja; Rho, Hyun-Su; Lee, Hyun Sook; Hur, Hyun; Lee, Min Woong; Lee, U-Youn

    2008-01-01

    Vegetative growth of four different strains of Hericium erinaceus was observed. The temperature suitable for optimal mycelial growth was determined to be 25℃, with growth observed in the extend temperature range of 20~30℃. The different strains of this mushroom showed distinct pH requirements for their optimum vegetative growth, with the most favorable growth observed at pH 6. Considering vegetative mycelial growth, PDA, YM, Hennerberg, Hamada, and Glucose peptone were the most favorable media, and Czapek Dox, Hoppkins, Glucose tryptone, and Lilly were the most unfavorable media for these mushroom strains. With the exception of lactose, most of the carbon sources assayed demonstrated favorable vegetative growth of H. erinaceus. For mycelial growth, the most suitable nitrogen source was alanine and the most unsuitable was histidine. Oak sawdust medium supplemented with 10~20% rice bran was the best for mycelial growth of the mushroom. PMID:23990739

  12. La estimulación cardíaca, camino de la certificación en calidad

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Hornero

    2007-07-01

    Full Text Available La Sociedad Española de Cardiología (SEC ha anunciado la puesta en marcha por hospitales de un proceso de acreditación de la estimulación cardíaca. La propia SEC la otorgará de forma provisional y una agencia externa, de forma definitiva. El certificado de calidad es un sello de distinción que acredita el nivel alcanzado por una organización. En el caso de la propuesta de la SEC, los cirujanos cardiovasculares deben reflexionar y posicionarse acerca de la misma por sus implicaciones prácticas. Con independencia de la legitimidad de la propuesta, se echa en falta una participación intersocietaria que, además de buscar la mejora de calidad, facilite las relaciones de todos los profesionales involucrados en el proceso asistencial.

  13. Effect of melatonin supplementation on pregnancy outcome in Wistar-Kyoto and Sprague-Dawley rats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Singh, Harbindar Jeet; Saleh, Hisham Ibrahim; Gupalo, Sergey; Omar, Effat

    2013-04-25

    Although melatonin supplementation is known to influence numerous physiological functions, little is however known of its effects on pregnancy outcome. This study investigated the effects of melatonin supplementation on pregnancy outcome in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats aged 12-13 weeks. Upon confirmation of proestrus, each female rat was housed overnight with a male of the same strain. On the next morning, following confirmation of mating (vaginal smear), WKY female rats were isolated into individual metabolic cages and given 0, 25, 50 or 100 mg/kg per day of melatonin in drinking water from day 1 of pregnancy to day 21 postpartum. SD females were given 0 or 100 mg/kg per day of melatonin. Maternal weight, duration of pregnancy, litter size, birth weight and body weight of pups up to day 42, and pup mortality were recorded. Data were analyzed using ANOVA for repeated measures. Compared to controls, maternal weight gain during pregnancy was significantly lower in melatonin-supplemented dams (P melatonin-supplemented dams (P melatonin (P melatonin was significantly lower than controls (P melatonin respectively, and all pup deaths occurred after day 21 of weaning. The results suggest that melatonin supplementation during antenatal and postpartum period appears to adversely affect litter size, pup growth and mortality in WKY and SD rats. The precise mechanism causing the death is not clear.

  14. Single-species versus dual-species probiotic supplementation as an emerging therapeutic strategy for obesity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Karimi, G; Jamaluddin, R; Mohtarrudin, N; Ahmad, Z; Khazaai, H; Parvaneh, M

    2017-10-01

    Recent studies have reported beneficial effects of specific probiotics on obesity. However, the difference in the anti-obesity effects of probiotics as single species and dual species is still uncertain. Therefore, we aimed to compare the efficacy of single and dual species of bacteria on markers of obesity in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. A total of 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of five groups of varying diets as follows: standard diet, high fat diet (HFD), HFD supplemented with Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota, HFD supplemented with Bifidobacterium longum and HFD supplemented with a mixture of these two bacterial species. After 15 weeks of supplementation, the animals were examined for changes in body weight, body fat, total count of bacteria in fecal, blood serum lipid profile, leptin, adiponectin and inflammatory biomarkers. Histological analysis of the liver and adipose tissue was performed and the hepatic mRNA expression levels of genes related to lipid metabolism were measured. It was found that probiotic supplementation of either B. longum or a mixture of B. longum and LcS bacteria significantly reduced weight and triglycerides in the HFD groups. Supplementation of B. longum bacteria showed better results in terms of modulating leptin level, fat mass, adipocyte size and lipoprotein lipase expression, as well as increasing adiponectin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-γ expression compared to dual species of bacteria. No significant differences were observed in the total count of fecal bacteria, glucose and inflammatory biomarker levels between supplemented groups. B. longum supplementation in obesity was more beneficial in metabolic profile changes than the mixture species. Copyright © 2017 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B

  15. Cirurgia cardíaca videoassistida: resultados de um projeto pioneiro no Brasil Video-assisted cardiac surgery: results from a pioneer project in Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Robinson Poffo

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Demonstrar as possibilidades da utilização da videotoracoscopia na cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea (CEC. MÉTODOS: Entre fevereiro de 2006 e novembro de 2008, 102 pacientes foram submetidos consecutivamente a cirurgia cardíaca minimamente invasiva videoassistida. As doenças cardíacas abordadas foram valvopatia mitral (n=56, aórtica (n=14, comunicação interatrial (n=32, seis pacientes apresentavam insuficiência tricúspide associada e do grupo total, doze tinham fibrilação atrial. A idade variou de 18 a 68 anos, sendo 57 pacientes do sexo feminino. O método cirúrgico constou de canulação arterial e venosa femoral, incisão de quatro a seis centímetros (cm ao nível do 3º ou 4º espaço intercostal direito (EICD, dependendo da doença do paciente, entre as linhas axilar anterior e hemiclavicular direita, sulco mamário ou periareolar direita e toracoscopia. RESULTADOS: Os procedimentos cirúrgicos compreenderam: plastia (n=20 ou troca valvar mitral (n=36; troca valvar aórtica (n=14; atriosseptoplastia com remendo de pericárdio bovino (n=32; plastia valvar tricúspide com anel rígido (n=6; e correção cirúrgica da fibrilação atrial por radiofrequência (n=12. Todas as cirurgias foram realizadas sem intercorrências. Não houve conversão para toracotomia. Dois pacientes evoluíram com fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório. Houve um (0,9% episódio de acidente vascular cerebral, sete dias após a alta hospitalar, e um óbito (0,9% decorrente de síndrome da resposta inflamatória sistêmica (SIRS. CONCLUSÃO: Este trabalho demonstra a abrangência de afecções possíveis de serem abordadas pela videocirurgia cardíaca com CEC, sendo um procedimento seguro, eficaz e com baixa morbidade e mortalidade. A cirurgia cardíaca minimamente invasiva videoassistida já é uma realidade no Brasil, demonstrando excelentes resultados estéticos e funcionaisOBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the possibilities of the

  16. Valorization of spent oyster mushroom substrate and laccase recovery through successive solid state cultivation of Pleurotus, Ganoderma, and Lentinula strains.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Economou, Christina N; Diamantopoulou, Panagiota A; Philippoussis, Antonios N

    2017-06-01

    Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) of Pleurotus ostreatus was supplemented with wheat bran and soybean flour in various proportions to obtain C/N ratios of 10, 20, and 30, and their effect was evaluated in successive cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus pulmonarius, Ganoderma adspersum, Ganoderma resinaceum, and Lentinula edodes strains with respect to mycelium growth rate, biomass concentration, recovery of the enzyme laccase and crude exopolysaccharides, and also with additional fruiting body production. All fungi showed the highest growth rate on unamended SMS (C/N 30), with G. resinaceum being the fastest colonizer (Kr = 9.84 mm day -1 ), while biomass concentration maximized at C/N 10. Moreover, supplementation affected positively laccase activity, with P. pulmonarius furnishing the highest value (44,363.22 U g -1 ) at C/N 20. On the contrary, L. edodes growth, fruiting, and laccase secretion were not favored by SMS supplementation. Fruiting body formation was promoted at C/N 30 for Ganoderma and at C/N 20 for Pleurotus species. Exopolysaccharide production of further studied Pleurotus strains was favored at a C/N 20 ratio, at the initial stage of SMS colonization. The obtained results support the potential effective utilization of supplemented SMS for laccase production from Ganoderma spp. and for new fruiting body production of Pleurotus spp.

  17. Fusarium proliferatum strains change fumonisin biosynthesis and accumulation when exposed to host plant extracts.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Górna, Karolina; Pawłowicz, Izabela; Waśkiewicz, Agnieszka; Stępień, Łukasz

    2016-01-01

    Fumonisin concentrations in mycelia and media were studied in liquid Fusarium proliferatum cultures supplemented with host plant extracts. Furthermore, the kinetics of fumonisin accumulation in media and mycelia collected before and after extract addition was analysed as well as the changes in the expression of the FUM1 gene. Fumonisin content in culture media increased in almost all F. proliferatum strains shortly after plant extracts were added. The asparagus extract induced the highest FB level increase and the garlic extract was the second most effective inducer. Fumonisin level decreased constantly until 14th day of culturing, though for some strains also at day 8th an elevated FB level was observed. Pineapple extract induced the highest increase of fum1 transcript levels as well as fumonisin synthesis in many strains, and the peas extract inhibited fungal growth and fumonisin biosynthesis. Moreover, fumonisins were accumulated in mycelia of studied strains and in the respective media. Copyright © 2016 British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  18. Preliminary engineering design and cost of Advanced Compressed-Air Storage (ACAS) A-5 hybrid

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sosnowicz, E. J.; Blackman, J.; Woodhull, A. S.; Zaugg, P.

    1981-08-01

    The advanced compressed air energy (ACAS) plant investiated operates on a partial adiabatic, partial fuel fired cycle. Only a limited advancement in state-of-the-art technology is projected for this hybrid arrangement. The A-5 hybrid systems stores the heat of compression from the low pressure and intermediate pressure compressors in a thermal energy store (TES). The heat collected in the TES is available for preheating the air from the storage cavern prior to its entering the low pressure turbine combustor. This reduces the amount of fuel consumed during power generation. The fuel heat rate for the hybrid cycle is 2660 Btu/kWh as compared to approximately 4000 Btu/kWh for a conventional CAES plant. A virtual stand-off between the hybrid plant and a conventional CAES plant at 235 mills/kWh in 1990 dollars is shown. With a lower cost and increased fuel cost projections, the hybrid system operating cost is less than that for a conventional CAES plant.

  19. Insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção normal Insuficiencia cardíaca con fracción de eyección normal Heart failure with normal ejection fraction

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Meliza Goi Roscani

    2010-05-01

    Full Text Available A insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção normal (ICFEN é uma síndrome complexa que vem sendo largamente estudada, desde a última década. É causada por disfunção ventricular diastólica evidenciada por métodos complementares, como estudo hemodinâmico ou ecocardiograma, na presença de fração de ejeção preservada. Acomete preferencialmente indivíduos mais idosos e com comorbidades, como hipertensão arterial sistêmica, insuficiência coronariana e obesidade. Os mecanismos fisiopatológicos são complexos e multifatoriais, envolvendo a rigidez passiva do miocárdio, a geometria ventricular, a força de contenção do pericárdio e a interação entre os ventrículos. Os objetivos principais do tratamento são reduzir a congestão venosa pulmonar, a frequência cardíaca e controlar as comorbidades. Ainda não há evidências fortes de que o uso de medicações específicas, como inibidores de enzima de conversão ou betabloqueadores, interfiram na mortalidade. Os fatores de pior prognóstico incluem a idade avançada, presença de disfunção renal, diabete, classe funcional III e IV (NYHA e estágio avançado de disfunção diastólica, com padrão restritivo ao enchimento ventricular. Outro aspecto que vem ganhando espaço na literatura é o questionamento do papel da disfunção sistólica nos quadros de ICFEN. Todos esses aspectos são abordados detalhadamente na presente revisão.La insuficiencia cardíaca con fracción de eyección normal (ICFEN es un síndrome complejo que viene siendo ampliamente estudiado desde la última década. Es causado por disfunción ventricular diastólica manifestada por métodos complementarios como estudio hemodinámico o ecocardiograma, en presencia de fracción de eyección preservada. Afecta preferentemente a individuos más añosos y con comorbilidades, como hipertensión arterial sistémica, insuficiencia coronaria y obesidad. Los mecanismos fisiopatológicos son complejos y

  20. Performance characteristics and physiological response of broiler chickens at finisher stage to oral supplementation with fluted pumpkin, Telfairia occidentalis leaf extract

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Olufemi ALABI

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available The performance characteristics and physiological response of broiler chickens to oral supplementation with Telfairia occidentalis leaf extract (TOLE at finisher stage were investigated. One hundred and twenty unsexed broilers of Arbor Acre strain at 28-day-old were randomly divided into four treatment groups of oral supplementation each with three replicates. The treatment groups are: T1=Water (control, T2=Vitalyte, T3=15% TOLE, and T4=30% TOLE. The experiment lasted for 70 days, during which data collection was carried out and blood obtained for analysis at the 70th day. Results revealed that average body weight gain, average daily feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were significantly (P0.05 affected by oral TOLE. Measured blood parameters of the groups on TOLE were significantly (P0.05 by the oral supplementations. Apart from creatinine, uric acid and globulin, other serum metabolites investigated were significantly (P<0.05 affected by TOLE inclusions. No mortality was recorded during the experiment. Oral supplementation of TOLE compared well with conventional vitamin supplement based on measured parameters, 30% supplementation can be used as vitamin supplement in broiler chicken at finisher phase.

  1. Anemia nos pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca avançada

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliano Cardoso

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Anemia está associada à pior evolução nos pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca (IC. Entretanto, há poucos estudos sobre a anemia nos pacientes com IC avançada. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as características da anemia na IC em fase avançada. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos 99 pacientes hospitalizados para compensação de IC (CF IV/NYHA, com idade > 18 anos e FEVE 12 g/dl. A anemia foi marcador independente de mau prognóstico na análise multivariada (mortalidade 47% vs 24,6%, p = 0,016, risco relativo 2,54. CONCLUSÃO: Anemia acomete, aproximadamente, 1/3 dos pacientes com IC avançada, e a deficiência de ferro é uma importante etiologia. Pacientes anêmicos são mais idosos e apresentaram função renal mais deteriorada. A melhora da congestão não foi suficiente para melhorar a anemia na maioria dos casos. Nos pacientes com IC avançada, a anemia é marcador independente de mau prognóstico.

  2. Formate supplementation enhances folate-dependent nucleotide biosynthesis and prevents spina bifida in a mouse model of folic acid-resistant neural tube defects.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sudiwala, Sonia; De Castro, Sandra C P; Leung, Kit-Yi; Brosnan, John T; Brosnan, Margaret E; Mills, Kevin; Copp, Andrew J; Greene, Nicholas D E

    2016-07-01

    The curly tail mouse provides a model for neural tube defects (spina bifida and exencephaly) that are resistant to prevention by folic acid. The major ct gene, responsible for spina bifida, corresponds to a hypomorphic allele of grainyhead-like 3 (Grhl3) but the frequency of NTDs is strongly influenced by modifiers in the genetic background. Moreover, exencephaly in the curly tail strain is not prevented by reinstatement of Grhl3 expression. In the current study we found that expression of Mthfd1L, encoding a key component of mitochondrial folate one-carbon metabolism (FOCM), is significantly reduced in ct/ct embryos compared to a partially congenic wild-type strain. This expression change is not attributable to regulation by Grhl3 or the genetic background at the Mthfd1L locus. Mitochondrial FOCM provides one-carbon units as formate for FOCM reactions in the cytosol. We found that maternal supplementation with formate prevented NTDs in curly tail embryos and also resulted in increased litter size. Analysis of the folate profile of neurulation-stage embryos showed that formate supplementation resulted in an increased proportion of formyl-THF and THF but a reduction in proportion of 5-methyl THF. In contrast, THF decreased and 5-methyl THF was relatively more abundant in the liver of supplemented dams than in controls. In embryos cultured through the period of spinal neurulation, incorporation of labelled thymidine and adenine into genomic DNA was suppressed by supplemental formate, suggesting that de novo folate-dependent biosynthesis of nucleotides (thymidylate and purines) was enhanced. We hypothesise that reduced Mthfd1L expression may contribute to susceptibility to NTDs in the curly tail strain and that formate acts as a one-carbon donor to prevent NTDs. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  3. Sumário de atualização da II Diretriz Brasileira de Insuficiência Cardíaca Aguda 2009/2011

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Westerlund Montera

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available Nos últimos dois anos, observamos diversas modificações na abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica dos pacientes com Insuficiência Cardíaca aguda (IC aguda, o que nos motivou quanto à necessidade da realização de um sumário de atualização da II Diretriz Brasileira de Insuficiência Cardíaca Aguda de 2009. Na avaliação diagnóstica, o fluxograma diagnóstico foi simplificado e foi fortalecido o papel da avaliação clínica e ecocardiograma. Na avaliação clínico-hemodinâmica admissional, o ecocardiograma hemodinâmico ganhou destaque no auxilio da definição dessa condição no paciente com IC aguda na sala de emergência. Na avaliação prognóstica, os biomarcadores tiveram seu papel mais bem estabelecido, e a síndrome cardiorrenal teve seus critérios e valor prognóstico mais bem definidos. Os fluxogramas de abordagem terapêutica foram revistos, tornando-se mais simples e objetivos. Dentre os avanços na terapêutica medicamentosa destacam-se a segurança e a importância da manutenção ou introdução dos betabloqueadores na terapêutica admissional. A anticoagulação, de acordo com as novas evidências, ganha um espectro maior de indicações. O edema agudo de pulmão tem bem estabelecido os seus modelos hemodinâmicos de apresentação com suas distintas formas de abordagens terapêuticas, com novos níveis de indicação e evidência. No tratamento cirúrgico da IC aguda, a revascularização miocárdica, a abordagem das lesões mecânicas e o transplante cardíaco foram revistos e atualizados. Este sumário de atualização fortalece a II Diretriz Brasileira de Insuficiência Cardíaca Aguda por mantê-la atualizada e rejuvenescida. Todos os clínicos cardiologistas que lidam com pacientes com IC aguda encontrarão na diretriz e em seu sumário de atualização importantes instrumentos no auxílio da prática clínica para o melhor diagnóstico e tratamento de seus pacientes.

  4. Intervención psicológica en cirugía cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yalilis Castillero Amador

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available La cirugía mayor y en particular la cirugía cardiovascularson una fuente potencial de estrés. Este artículo muestra la efectividad de la preparación psicológica en los pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca. A través de una revisión de la literatura consideramos el impacto, tanto físico como psicológico, que tiene el padecer una enfermedad cardiovascular y el ser sometido a una cirugía del corazón.El corazón es un órgano al que se le atribuye un carácter de primacía en relación con los otros, por lo que existe un gran número de respuestas emocionalesante cualquier padecimiento relacionado con el mismo. Se puntualizan los beneficios de la intervenciónpsicológica en la cirugía y se propone un programa que facilite un adecuado afrontamiento y recuperación en la cirugía cardiovascular.

  5. Screening for celiac disease among patients with Turner syndrome in Brasília, DF, midwest region of Brazil Triagem para doença celíaca em pacientes com síndrome de Turner em Brasília, DF, região centro-oeste do Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria do Carmo Sorci Dias

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available CONTEXT: Several studies have demonstrated a higher prevalence of celiac disease (CD among females with Turner syndrome when compared to the general population. Nevertheless, there is no record in literature concerning this investigation among Brazilian patients. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of CD among a group of Brazilian patients with Turner syndrome. METHODS: Fifty-six females with Turner syndrome and on gluten-containing diet were screened for CD utilizing immunoglobulin A antiendomysium (IgA-EMA and immunoglobulin A anti-tissue transglutaminase (IgA-tTG antibody assays. Additionally, they were genotyped for CD human leukocyte antigen (CD-HLA predisposing alleles. Patients showing positivity in serological testing were offered to perform small intestine biopsy for histological confirmation. RESULTS: Mean age at diagnosis of Turner syndrome was 5.5 ± 4.4 years; mean age at screening for CD was 17.0 ± 9.3 years (from 10 months of age to 52 years. Two girls were positive for IgA-EMA and IgA-tTG, presented predisposing HLA-DQ2 alleles and both had the diagnosis of CD confirmed by jejunal biopsy. CONCLUSION: The 3.6% prevalence of biopsy-proven CD among this group of females with Turner syndrome is 10 times higher than the one among females from the general population of the same geographical area. This result provides additional support to an association between these two disorders and restates that girls and women with Turner syndrome represent a high risk population for developing CD.CONTEXTO: Alguns estudos têm demonstrado maior prevalência de doença celíaca entre mulheres com síndrome de Turner, quando comparadas com a população geral. Entretanto, não há registro na literatura desta investigação em pacientes brasileiras. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de doença celíaca entre um grupo de pacientes brasileiras com síndrome de Turner. MÉTODOS: Cinquenta e seis pacientes com síndrome de Turner recebendo dieta contendo

  6. Human-derived probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri strains differentially reduce intestinal inflammation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Yuying; Fatheree, Nicole Y; Mangalat, Nisha; Rhoads, Jon Marc

    2010-11-01

    Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) is a probiotic that inhibits the severity of enteric infections and modulates the immune system. Human-derived L. reuteri strains DSM17938, ATCC PTA4659, ATCC PTA 5289, and ATCC PTA 6475 have demonstrated strain-specific immunomodulation in cultured monocytoid cells, but information about how these strains affect inflammation in intestinal epithelium is limited. We determined the effects of the four different L. reuteri strains on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in small intestinal epithelial cells and in the ileum of newborn rats. IPEC-J2 cells (derived from the jejunal epithelium of a neonatal piglet) and IEC-6 cells (derived from the rat crypt) were treated with L. reuteri. Newborn rat pups were gavaged cow milk formula supplemented with L. reuteri strains in the presence or absence of LPS. Protein and mRNA levels of cytokines and histological changes were measured. We demonstrate that even though one L. reuteri strain (DSM 17938) did not inhibit LPS-induced IL-8 production in cultured intestinal cells, all strains significantly reduced intestinal mucosal levels of KC/GRO (∼IL-8) and IFN-γ when newborn rat pups were fed formula containing LPS ± L. reuteri. Intestinal histological damage produced by LPS plus cow milk formula was also significantly reduced by all four strains. Cow milk formula feeding (without LPS) produced mild gut inflammation, evidenced by elevated mucosal IFN-γ and IL-13 levels, a process that could be suppressed by strain 17938. Other cytokines and chemokines were variably affected by the different strains, and there was no toxic effect of L. reuteri on intestinal cells or mucosa. In conclusion, L. reuteri strains differentially modulate LPS-induced inflammation. Probiotic interactions with both epithelial and nonepithelial cells in vivo must be instrumental in modulating intrinsic anti-inflammatory effects in the intestine. We suggest that the terms anti- and proinflammatory be used only

  7. Cholesterol supplementation improves growth rates of Histomonas meleagridis in vitro.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gruber, Janine; Pletzer, Alena; Hess, Michael

    2018-02-01

    Research on the energy metabolism of various protozoan parasites showed the essentiality and benefits of cholesterol in the cultivation of these organisms. However, not much is known about the energy metabolism of Histomonas meleagridis, although such information is of high importance to improve cultivation of the parasite for advancements in diagnostics, research and vaccine development. By supplementing a serum enriched cultivation medium with cholesterol, numbers of parasites could be doubled in comparison to unsupplemented negative controls. This effect was demonstrated for two different strains of the parasite, at different levels of in vitro-passages and for histomonads under xenic or monoxenic settings. Supplementing medium free of serum with cholesterol, resulted in significant growth of the parasite over 72 h. However, there were differences in growth behaviour in serum free medium between the different histomonad cultures and continuous passaging of the cultures without serum was not possible. Monitoring the bacterial growth of two different co-cultivated E. coli strains in monoxenic histomonad cultures during these experiments showed that there was no significant impact of cholesterol on the bacteria. Therefore, a direct effect of cholesterol on the parasite itself could be demonstrated. The results of these experiments supply new insights into the metabolism of H. meleagridis and it can be concluded that cholesterol is an important component to enhance parasite growth in vitro. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  8. EFEITOS DO TREINAMENTO AERÓBICO E DO FORTALECIMENTO EM PACIENTES COM INSUFICIÊNCIA CARDÍACA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leonardo Calegari

    Full Text Available RESUMO Introdução: A intolerância ao exercício e a dispneia são os principais sintomas da insuficiência cardíaca (IC. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de um programa de exercícios aeróbicos e de fortalecimento sobre a aptidão cardiorrespiratória, o pico de torque dos flexores e extensores de joelho e a qualidade de vida de pacientes com IC. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo, com avaliação pré e pós-reabilitação cardiovascular (RCV de sete pacientes, com idade de 61 ± 6 anos, classe funcional II e III e fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo 45,4 ± 2,3%. O programa de RCV consistiu em 24 sessões de 60 minutos com treinamento aeróbico na intensidade do limiar de anaerobiose (LA e fortalecimento dos membros inferiores usando caneleiras de 3 a 5 kg. No início e após RCV os pacientes realizaram prova de esforço, dinamometria isocinética do joelho dominante e responderam o questionário WHOQOL-bref. Resultados: Após RCV, o tempo de exercício para atingir o LA foi atrasado (p= 0,04 e houve aumento significativo no consumo de oxigênio (VO2 (p < 0,01, da frequência cardíaca (FC (p= 0,04, pulso de oxigênio (VO2/FC (p = 0,02 e ventilação (VE (p = 0,01 na intensidade do LA. Houve aumento do pico de torque dos músculos extensores de joelho (p = 0,02 e melhora significativa do domínio psicológico (p = 0,04 do questionário de qualidade de vida. Conclusão: O programa de RCV foi seguro e resultou em melhora do desempenho de exercícios submáximos, da força dos músculos extensores de joelho e da qualidade de vida de pacientes com IC.

  9. Calcium supplements

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... this page: //medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007477.htm Calcium supplements To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. WHO SHOULD TAKE CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTS? Calcium is an important mineral for the ...

  10. Stressed and strained state for cermetic-rod-type fuel element

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kulikov, I.S.

    1987-01-01

    Calculation technique for designing the stress-strained state of a cermetic rod-type fuel element has been proposed. The technique is based on the time-dependent step-by-step method and the solution of the deformation equilibrium equation for continuous and thick-wall long cylinders at every temporal step by the finite difference method. Additional strains, caused by thermal expansion and radiation swelling, have been taken into account. The transion from the non-contact model to the stiff-contact model has been provided in the case of cladding-fuel gap dissappearing in one or a number of cross-sections along the fuel element height. The method is supplemented by the formula for fuel cans stability estimation in the case of high coolant external pressure. The example of estimation of the cermetic-rod-type fuel elements are considered as an example

  11. Resveratrol food supplements

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Aschemann-Witzel, Jessica; Grunert, Klaus G

    2015-01-01

    Background: Consumers increasingly choose food supplements in addition to their diet. Research on supplement users finds they are likely to be female, older and well-educated; Furthermore, supplement users are often characterised as being especially health-oriented, an observation which is termed...... the ‘inverse supplement hypothesis’. However, results are dependent on the substance in question. Little is known so far about botanicals in general, and more specifically, little is known about resveratrol. The psychographic variables of food supplement users are yet relatively underexplored. By comparing US...... and Danish respondents, we aimed to identify whether sociodemographic variables, health status, health beliefs and behaviour and interest in food aspects specifically relevant to resveratrol (e.g., naturalness, indulgence, and Mediterranean food) explain favourable attitudes and adoption intentions toward...

  12. Análisis de costes (evaluación económica) en el tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardíaca

    OpenAIRE

    Javier Cabo; Jesús Herreros; Jorge Trainini

    2011-01-01

    Los estudios epidemiológicos recientes sugieren que la prevalencia de la insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) está en aumento, sobre todo a expensas de las personas de edad avanzada, siendo un problema de salud pública de gran magnitud a nivel mundial, con unos costes estimados en torno al 1–2% del total de gasto en materia sanitaria. Debido a los continuos desarrollos y avances tecnológicos tanto en el diagnóstico como en el tratamiento de esta patología, y a que los recursos tanto económicos como...

  13. Recomendaciones terapéuticas en la insuficiencia cardíaca Therapeutic recommendations in heart failure

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Annery Luis Martínez

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available Se presentan algunas recomendaciones terapéuticas para el tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardíaca (IC. Esta se ha convertido en un creciente problema de salud, debido al envejecimiento poblacional y al aumento de la supervivencia de las pacientes cardiópatas. Las opciones terapéuticas que se aconsejan están encaminadas a lograr una mejor calidad de vida del paciente, para lo cual es vital el entendimiento de los procesos fisiopatológicos de esta enfermedad.Some therapeutic recommendations for the treatment of heart failure are made. It has become an increasing health problem due to the population aging and to the rise of survival among cardiopathic patients. The recommended therapeutic options are directed to attain a better quality of life of the patients, for which the comprehension of the physiopathological processes of this disease is vital.

  14. Aspectos da morfofuncionalidade cardiovascular, variabilidade cardíaca e do estresse oxidativo em diferentes modelos experimentais de hiper-homocisteinemia

    OpenAIRE

    Roberta Hack Mendes

    2009-01-01

    Com base na relevância das doenças cardiovasculares para a saúde pública mundial, buscamos entender as associações entre o metabolismo da homocisteína (Hcy) e este sistema, o estresse oxidativo (EO) e a possível influência da modulação do sistema nervoso simpático (SNS) sobre esta associação. Além disso, testamos o efeito da vitamina B6 sobre a função cardíaca e o EO. Para isso foram realizados dois experimentos: no primeiro testamos dois modelos de hiper-homocisteinemia (Hhe): o tratamento c...

  15. Aspectos genéticos e imunopatogênicos da doença celíaca: visão atual Genetics and immunopathogenics aspects of the celiac disease: a recent vision

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Shirley Ramos da Rosa Utiyama

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available RACIONAL: A doença celíaca ou enteropatia por sensibilidade ao glúten, é uma forte condição hereditária. Embora a associação genética da doença celíaca com os haplótipos HLA-DQ2 e DQ8 seja conhecida há muito tempo, outros genes HLA e não-HLA também são importantes no desenvolvimento da afecção. A doença celíaca resulta de um efeito combinado de produtos de diferentes genes funcionantes normalmente. A lesão intestinal é imunologicamente mediada e múltiplos mecanismos efetores são responsáveis pela sua expressão. A interação entre fatores genéticos, imunológicos e ambientais explicam o amplo espectro de alterações clínicas, histológicas e sorológicas observadas nos diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento da doença, ressaltando a natureza poligênica da mesma. CONCLUSÃO: Os avanços recentes na compreensão da imunopatogenia, genética e diagnóstico da doença celíaca têm permitido que rígidos conceitos e critérios pré-estabelecidos sejam revistos e adequados às novas evidências, visando melhor diagnóstico e orientação para pacientes celíacos e familiares.BACKGROUND: Celiac disease, or gluten-sensitive enteropathy, is a strongly inherited condition. Although the genetic association of CD with the DQ2 and DQ8 HLA haplotypes has been known for long, others HLA and non-HLA genes are also important in the development of the disease. Celiac disease results of the combined effect of different normally functioning genes' products. The tissue damage in celiac disease is immunologically mediated and several effector mechanisms are responsible for the disease expression. The interplay between genetic, immunological and environmental factors explains the large spectrum of clinical, histological and serological alterations observed in the different stages of the disease development, pointing out to the polygenic nature of celiac disease. CONCLUSION: The recent advances in the understanding of the

  16. Administração de clonidina intravenosa e sua capacidade de reduzir a pressão da artéria pulmonar em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Benedito Barbosa João

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Avaliar a capacidade da clonidina de reduzir a pressão arterial pulmonar de pacientes com hipertensão pulmonar, submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca, seja pela diminuição dos valores pressóricos a partir da aferição direta da pressão de artéria pulmonar, seja pela redução ouabolição da necessidade de dobutamina e nitroprussiato de sódio no intraoperatório. Método: Trata-se de estudo controlado, comparativo, randomizado e duplamente encoberto feito com 30 pacientes portadores de hipertensão arterial pulmonar tipo 2, submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca. Avaliaram-se a pressão média de artéria pulmonar e a posologia de dobutaminae nitroprussiato de sódio em quatro momentos: (M0 antes da administração de 2 µg/kg declonidina intravenosa ou placebo; (M1 decorridos 30 minutos do tratamento testado e antes da circulação extracorpórea; (M2 imediatamente após a circulação extracorpórea; e (M310 minutos após a injeção de protamina. Resultados: Não houve diferenças significativas em relação à pressão média de artéria pulmonarem nenhum dos momentos estudados. Entre os grupos não houve também diferença significativa entre as demais variáveis estudadas, como pressão arterial sistêmica média, frequência cardíaca, dosagem total de dobutamina, dosagem total de nitroprussiato de sódio e necessidade do hipnoanalgésico fentanil. Conclusão: A análise dos dados obtidos dos pacientes incluídos neste estudo permite concluir que a clonidina, na dose de 2 µg/kg administrada via intravenosa, não foi capaz de reduzir a pressão média de artéria pulmonar de pacientes com hipertensão pulmonar do grupo 2 (hipertensão venosa pulmonar, submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca, e nem reduzir ou abolir a necessidade da administração de dobutamina e nitroprussiato de sódio no intraoperatório.

  17. Celiac disease onset after pegylated interferon and ribavirin treatment of chronic hepatitis C Doença celíaca após tratamento de hepatite C crônica com interferon peguilado e ribavirina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elson V. Martins Jr.

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available AIM: Report of a case of a woman patient who developed celiac disease after pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin use for chronic hepatitis C. PATIENT AND METHOD: A 34-year-old woman with chronic hepatitis C, genotype 3, receiving pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin for 6 months, developed progressive malaise and anemia 6 months after the end of treatment. RESULT: Additional investigation revealed duodenal villous atrophy and positivity for anti-endomysium and anti-gliadin antibodies. Celiac disease diagnosis was performed and symptoms and laboratory abnormalities improved after gluten-free diet. CONCLUSION: Celiac disease must be ruled out in patients with malabsorption complaints in or after interferon (or pegylated interferon therapy. Screening for celiac disease with detection of anti-endomysium antibodies would be done in susceptible patients.OBJETIVO: Relatar caso de doença celíaca ocorrendo após uso de interferon peguilado e ribavirina em paciente com hepatite C crônica. PACIENTE E MÉTODO: Mulher de 34 anos com hepatite C crônica, genótipo 3, tratada com interferon peguilado alfa-2a e ribavirina durante 6 meses, desenvolveu quadro de astenia e anemia após 6 meses do término do tratamento. RESULTADO: Investigação complementar revelou atrofia vilositária à biopsia duodenal e detecção de anticorpos anti-endomísio e anti-gliadina, realizando-se diagnóstico de doença celíaca. Dieta isenta de glúten foi instituída, observando-se boa resposta clínica e laboratorial. CONCLUSÃO: Doença celíaca deve ser afastada em pacientes com quadro de má absorção durante ou após uso de interferon (ou interferon peguilado. Rastreamento de doença celíaca através da realização de anticorpo anti-endomísio pode ser considerado em populações susceptíveis.

  18. Aplicação do monitor Narcotrend® para avaliar a profundidade da anestesia em crianças submetidas à cirurgia cardíaca: estudo prospectivo e controlado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yiyan Jiang

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Investigar a eficácia clínica, segurança e viabilidade do monitor Narcotrend® para avaliar a profundidade da anestesia em crianças com doença cardíaca congênita (DCC submetidas à cirurgia cardíaca. MÉTODOS: Foram randomicamente selecionadas 80 crianças submetidas à anestesia geral em cirurgia seletiva. As crianças foram divididas em dois grupos de forma aleatória (n = 40 por grupo. No grupo Narcotrend, a profundidade da anestesia foi monitorada com o Narcotrend. No grupo padrão, a profundidade da anestesia foi controlada de acordo com a experiência clínica. A pressão arterial média (PAM e a frequência cardíaca (FC foram determinadas e a dose de fentanil e relaxante muscular e os tempos de recuperação e de extubação foram registrados. RESULTADOS: Em ambos os grupos, os sinais vitais apresentaram-se estáveis durante a cirurgia. No grupo Narcotrend, a PAM e a FC foram mais estáveis, a dose total de fentanil e relaxante muscular significativamente menor e os tempos de recuperação e extubação acentuadamente mais reduzidos em comparação com o grupo padrão. CONCLUSÃO: A aplicação do monitor Narcotrend para medir a profundidade da anestesia foi útil para controlar a profundidade da anestesia em crianças com DCC que receberam anestesia intravenosa total, na qual uma pequena quantidade de narcóticos pode obter a anestesia ideal. Além disso, os tempos de recuperação e extubação foram menores e os efeitos secundários, como sensibilização intraoperatória, puderam ser evitados.

  19. Yogurt supplemented with probiotics can protect the healthy elderly from respiratory infections: A randomized controlled open-label trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pu, Fangfang; Guo, Yue; Li, Ming; Zhu, Hong; Wang, Shijie; Shen, Xi; He, Miao; Huang, Chengyu; He, Fang

    2017-01-01

    To evaluate whether yogurt supplemented with a probiotic strain could protect middle-aged and elderly people from acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) using a randomized, blank-controlled, parallel-group design. Two hundred and five volunteers aged ≥45 years were randomly divided into two groups. The subjects in the intervention group were orally administered 300 mL/d of yogurt supplemented with a probiotic strain, Lactobacillus paracasei N1115 (N1115), 3.6×10 7 CFU/mL for 12 weeks, while those in the control group retained their normal diet without any probiotic supplementation. The primary outcome was the incidence of URTI, and changes in serum protein, immunoglobulins, and the profiles of the T-lymphocyte subsets (total T-cells [CD3 + ], T-helper cells [CD4 + ], and T-cytotoxic-suppressor cells [CD8 + ]) during the intervention were the secondary outcomes. Compared to the control group, the number of persons diagnosed with an acute URTI and the number of URTI events significantly decreased in the intervention group ( P =0.038, P =0.030, respectively). The risk of URTI in the intervention group was evaluated as 55% of that in the control group (relative risk =0.55, 95% CI: 0.307-0.969). The change in the percentage of CD3 + cells in the intervention group was significantly higher than in the control group ( P =0.038). However, no significant differences were observed in the total protein, albumin, globulin, and prealbumin levels in both groups ( P >0.05). The study suggested that yogurt with selected probiotic strains such as N1115 may reduce the risk of acute upper tract infections in the elderly. The enhancement of the T-cell-mediated natural immune defense might be one of the important underlying mechanisms for probiotics to express their anti-infective effects.

  20. Responses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains from Different Origins to Elevated Iron Concentrations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martínez-Garay, Carlos Andrés; de Llanos, Rosa; Romero, Antonia María; Martínez-Pastor, María Teresa

    2016-01-01

    Iron is an essential micronutrient for all eukaryotic organisms. However, the low solubility of ferric iron has tremendously increased the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia, especially in women and children, with dramatic consequences. Baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used as a model eukaryotic organism, a fermentative microorganism, and a feed supplement. In this report, we explore the genetic diversity of 123 wild and domestic strains of S. cerevisiae isolated from different geographical origins and sources to characterize how yeast cells respond to elevated iron concentrations in the environment. By using two different forms of iron, we selected and characterized both iron-sensitive and iron-resistant yeast strains. We observed that when the iron concentration in the medium increases, iron-sensitive strains accumulate iron more rapidly than iron-resistant isolates. We observed that, consistent with excess iron leading to oxidative stress, the redox state of iron-sensitive strains was more oxidized than that of iron-resistant strains. Growth assays in the presence of different oxidative reagents ruled out that this phenotype was due to alterations in the general oxidative stress protection machinery. It was noteworthy that iron-resistant strains were more sensitive to iron deficiency conditions than iron-sensitive strains, which suggests that adaptation to either high or low iron is detrimental for the opposite condition. An initial gene expression analysis suggested that alterations in iron homeostasis genes could contribute to the different responses of distant iron-sensitive and iron-resistant yeast strains to elevated environmental iron levels. PMID:26773083

  1. Evaluation of congruence among dietary supplement use and motivation for supplementation in young, Canadian athletes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Parnell, Jill A; Wiens, Kristin; Erdman, Kelly Anne

    2015-01-01

    Dietary supplement use is endemic in young athletes; however, it is unclear if their choices are congruent with their motivation for supplementation and the established benefits of the dietary supplements. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between dietary supplement use and self-reported rationale in young athletes. Canadian athletes (n = 567; 11-25 years; 76% club or provincial level, 24% national or higher) completed a questionnaire designed to assess supplementation patterns and motivation for supplementation. Chi square tests examined associations between dietary supplements and self-reported rationale for use. Vitamin and mineral supplements, including vitamin-enriched water, were associated with several health- and performance- related reasons (p performance reasons, as were performance foods (protein powder, sport bars, sport gels, etc.). Plant extracts and fatty acids were primarily associated with health reasons, particularly immune support (p performance rationales and supplementation for common ergogenic aids, however, less so for vitamin and mineral supplements, vitamin-enriched water, and plant extracts. Incongruences were found between fatty acids, protein supplements, vitamin and mineral supplements, vitamin-enriched water, and plant extracts and health motivators for supplementation. Educational interventions are essential to ensure young athletes are using dietary supplements safely and effectively.

  2. IMPACT OF FOOD AND FOLATE SUPPLEMENTATION DURING Salmonella TYPHI INFECTION IN Caenorhabditis elegans

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Caenorhabditis elegans is an instructive and suitable model for studying pathogenesis of almost all human pathogens. Salmonella Typhi is gram-negative facultative intracellular anaerobe that causes several pathetic infections. Necessary enriched nutrient ingestion during pathological conditions may reduce the harshness of the infection. We investigated the impact of folate and food supplementation during S. Typhi infection on the model system, C. elegans. Our data indicated that folate supplementation (10 µg increases the lifespan of S. Typhi infected C. elegans up to 20%. In combination with laboratory food source E. coli OP50, folate increases the infected the worm’s lifespan to 40%. The wild type C. elegans infected by S. Typhi died with the LT50 of 60 ± 12 h. The LT50 of S. Typhi infected folt-1 mutant strain VC959 was 96 ± 6 h. However, the folate supplemented mutant worms exhibited an extended life with LT50 of 120 ± 6 h. The short time exposure and pharyngeal pumping studies confirmed that folt-1 mutant worm exhibited increased survival rate during pathogenic course at significant level when compared to wild-type. Our data revealed that folt-1 plays a significant role in host defense system against S. Typhi infection and the folate supplementation in combination with food increases the host survival during S. Typhi infection.

  3. Occurrence of Antibiotic resistance in some bacterial strains due to gamma radiation, heavy metals or food preservatives

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mattar, Z.A.; Bashandy, A.S.

    2006-01-01

    The susceptibility of bacterial strains (B. cereus, Staph. aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella) against 10 different antibiotics that are commonly used against food borne pathogens was studied. All the tested strains were observed to tolerate up to 100 mg/l copper sulphate or lead acetate, and there was a positive correlations between the tolerance to high levels of Cu or Pb and multiple antibiotic resistance was investigated. When the food preservatives (potassium sorbate or sodium benzoate) were added to the growth medium at different concentrations, the bacterial strains were able to tolerate up to 1000 ppm potassium sorbate or sodium benzoate (MIC). The antibiotic resistance of these strains was increased when grown on media supplemented with the MIC of sodium sorbate or potassium benzoate. When these bacterial strains were irradiated at dose levels of 1 or 3 or 5 KGy and examined for antibiotic sensitivity, a correlation was observed between the increases of radiation dose up to 5 KGy and the antibiotic resistance in all the studied strains

  4. Recomendações da sociedade brasileira de arritmias cardíacas para serviços de holter

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adalberto Lorga Filho

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTOS: Inúmeros indicadores são utilizados para assegurar a qualidade de um serviço; entretanto, a competência médica e o adequado fluxo de realização de um procedimento são determinantes da qualidade final. Nesse contexto, a Sociedade Brasileira de Arritmias Cardíacas pretende recomendar parâmetros mínimos necessários para garantir a excelência dos serviços de monitorização eletrocardiográfica ambulatorial. OBJETIVOS: Recomendar competências médicas mínimas e as informações necessárias para emissão do laudo de Holter. MÉTODOS: O documento foi fundamentado no conceito de medicina baseada em evidência, e nas circunstâncias em que a evidência não estava disponível a opinião de uma comissão de redação foi utilizada para a formulação da recomendação. Essa comissão foi formada por profissionais que apresentam vivência nas dificuldades do método e gestão na prestação de serviços nessa área. RESULTADOS: O profissional responsável pela análise de Holter deve conhecer as patologias cardiovasculares e ter formação consistente em eletrocardiografia, incluindo arritmias cardíacas e seus diagnósticos diferenciais. O laudo deve ser redigido de forma clara e objetiva. Os parâmetros mínimos que devem constar no laudo incluem as estatísticas do exame, assim como quantificação e análise dos distúrbios do ritmo observados durante a monitorização. CONCLUSÃO: A monitorização eletrocardiográfica ambulatorial deve ser realizada por profissionais com vivência em análise eletrocardiográfica e o laudo deve conter os parâmetros mínimos mencionados nesse documento.

  5. Strain Rate Effect on Tensile Flow Behavior and Anisotropy of a Medium-Manganese TRIP Steel

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alturk, Rakan; Hector, Louis G.; Matthew Enloe, C.; Abu-Farha, Fadi; Brown, Tyson W.

    2018-06-01

    The dependence of the plastic anisotropy on the nominal strain rate for a medium-manganese (10 wt.% Mn) transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steel with initial austenite volume fraction of 66% (balance ferrite) has been investigated. The material exhibited yield point elongation, propagative instabilities during hardening, and austenite transformation to α'-martensite either directly or through ɛ-martensite. Uniaxial strain rates within the range of 0.005-500 s-1 along the 0°, 45°, and 90° orientations were selected based upon their relevance to automotive applications. The plastic anisotropy ( r) and normal anisotropy ( r n) indices corresponding to each direction and strain rate were determined using strain fields obtained from stereo digital image correlation systems that enabled both quasistatic and dynamic measurements. The results provide evidence of significant, orientation-dependent strain rate effects on both the flow stress and the evolution of r and r n with strain. This has implications not only for material performance during forming but also for the development of future strain-rate-dependent anisotropic yield criteria. Since tensile data alone for the subject medium-manganese TRIP steel do not satisfactorily determine the microstructural mechanisms responsible for the macroscopic-scale behavior observed on tensile testing, additional tests that must supplement the mechanical test results presented herein are discussed.

  6. Strain Rate Effect on Tensile Flow Behavior and Anisotropy of a Medium-Manganese TRIP Steel

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alturk, Rakan; Hector, Louis G.; Matthew Enloe, C.; Abu-Farha, Fadi; Brown, Tyson W.

    2018-04-01

    The dependence of the plastic anisotropy on the nominal strain rate for a medium-manganese (10 wt.% Mn) transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steel with initial austenite volume fraction of 66% (balance ferrite) has been investigated. The material exhibited yield point elongation, propagative instabilities during hardening, and austenite transformation to α'-martensite either directly or through ɛ-martensite. Uniaxial strain rates within the range of 0.005-500 s-1 along the 0°, 45°, and 90° orientations were selected based upon their relevance to automotive applications. The plastic anisotropy (r) and normal anisotropy (r n) indices corresponding to each direction and strain rate were determined using strain fields obtained from stereo digital image correlation systems that enabled both quasistatic and dynamic measurements. The results provide evidence of significant, orientation-dependent strain rate effects on both the flow stress and the evolution of r and r n with strain. This has implications not only for material performance during forming but also for the development of future strain-rate-dependent anisotropic yield criteria. Since tensile data alone for the subject medium-manganese TRIP steel do not satisfactorily determine the microstructural mechanisms responsible for the macroscopic-scale behavior observed on tensile testing, additional tests that must supplement the mechanical test results presented herein are discussed.

  7. Effectiveness of an educational program in nursing in the self-care of patients with heart failure: randomized controlled trial Efectividad de un programa educativo en enfermería en el autocuidado de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca: ensayo clínico controlado Efetividade de um programa educativo em enfermagem no autocuidado em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca: ensaio clínico randomizado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María de los Ángeles Rodríguez-Gázquez

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available Unblinded randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational program in nursing (educational meetings, home visits, telenursing and a printed book in the improvement of self-care behaviors in patients with heart failure was evaluated. Thirty-three people participated in the intervention group and thirty in the control group. At the beginning and at the end of the study (ninth month, Nancy Artinian's Heart Failure Self-care Behaviors Scale was applied to assess the level of self-care. 66.0% of the intervention group versus 26.6% of the control group improved the self-care score by at least 20% (pEnsayo clínico controlado aleatorizado sin cegamiento, con el que se evaluó la efectividad de un programa educativo de enfermería (encuentros educativos, visitas domiciliarias, tele enfermería y cartilla impresa en el mejoramiento de los comportamientos de autocuidado en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca. Participaron 33 personas en el grupo de estudio y 30 en el grupo control. Al inicio y al finalizar el estudio (noveno mes se aplicó la Escala de Comportamientos de Autocuidado de Pacientes con Insuficiencia cardiaca de Nancy Artinian para evaluar el nivel de autocuidado. Resultados: 66,0% del grupo de intervención versus 26,6% del grupo control mejoraron en al menos un 20% el puntaje de autocuidado (pTrata-se de ensaio clínico controlado, aleatorizado, sem cegamento, no qual se avaliou a efetividade de um programa educativo de enfermagem (encontros educativos, visitas domiciliárias, tele-enfermagem e cartilha impressa, no melhoramento dos comportamentos de autocuidado em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca. Participaram 33 pessoas no grupo de estudo e 30 no grupo controle. No início e no final do estudo (nono mês, aplicou-se a Escala de Comportamentos de Autocuidado de Pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca, de Nancy Artinian, para avaliar o nível de autocuidado. Resultados: 66,0% do grupo de interven

  8. Structural distortions in Sr3-xAxMO4F (A=Ca, Ba; M=Al, Ga, In) anti-Perovskites and corresponding changes in photoluminescence

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sullivan, Eirin; Avdeev, Maxim; Vogt, Thomas

    2012-01-01

    The ordered oxyfluoride family Sr 3 − x A x MO 4 F (A=Ca, Ba and M=Al, Ga) has formed the basis of several new inorganic phosphors, and shows great potential for use in phosphor-conversion LED lamp devices. This study examines the correlation between subtle structural changes and photoluminescent behaviour in some of these materials. In order to ascertain whether cation charge compensation has any influence on structure and subsequent photoluminescent behaviour, a comparison was carried out between phases with the nominal compositions Sr 2.975 Ce 0.025 AlO 4 F and Sr 2.95 Ce 0.025 Na 0.025 AlO 4 F using structural characterisation based upon high-resolution neutron powder diffraction (NPD) data. Additionally, NPD data has been used to elucidate the role of different M cations in these materials, using Sr 2.25 Ba 0.6 Eu 0.1 M 0.95 In 0.05 O 4−α F 1−δ (M=Al, Ga) to determine the effect M cation size has on structure and photoluminescent properties. - Graphical abstract: The structure of Sr3-xAxMO4F (A=Ca, Ba and M=Al, Ga) and excitation and emission spectra for Sr 2.25 Ba 0.6 Eu 0.1 Ga 0.95 In 0.05 O 4−α F 1−δ . Highlights: ► Correlation between structural changes and photoluminescence in Sr 3−x A x MO 4 F (A=Ca, Ba, M=Al, Ga). ► Comparison of Sr 2.975 Ce 0.025 AlO 4 F and Sr 2.95 Ce 0.025 Na 0.025 AlO 4 F using high-resolution NPD. ► Study of the effect of cation charge-compensation on structure and photoluminescent behaviour. ► Examination of high-resolution NPD data for Sr 2.25 Ba 0.6 Eu 0.1 M 0.95 In 0.05 O 4−α F 1−δ (M=Al, Ga). ► Determination of the effect M cation size has on structure and photoluminescent properties.

  9. Doença celíaca e infertilidade feminina: associação freqüentemente negligenciada Celiac disease and female infertility: a frequently neglected association

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carmen Lívia da Silva Martins

    2006-10-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar a existência de associação entre subfertilidade ou infertilidade e concomitante presença de doença celíaca nas mulheres atendidas em ambulatório de hospital geral especializado em reprodução humana. MÉTODOS: O delineamento do estudo foi do tipo caso-controle. Os casos foram constituídos por um grupo de 200 mulheres com queixa de dificuldade para engravidar, e um grupo controle formado por 400 mulheres atendidas no mesmo ambulatório com queixas variadas, mas sem problemas de fertilidade. Ambos os grupos de pacientes foram submetidos a pesquisa de anticorpos antiendomísio pelo método de imunofluorescência indireta. Nos casos positivos, o diagnóstico foi confirmado por biópsia duodenal endoscópica e exame histopatológico. RESULTADOS: Os testes antiendomísio no grupo com dificuldade para engravidar resultaram positivos em três pacientes (1,5%. O diagnóstico de doença celíaca foi confirmado por subseqüente exame histopatológico da mucosa duodenal. Todas as pacientes pertencentes ao grupo controle apresentaram testes sorológicos negativos. CONCLUSÕES: O fato de terem sido encontrados casos de doença celíaca somente entre mulheres com queixas de dificuldade para engravidar parece um dado relevante e sugestivo de ser a doença celíaca mais comum entre mulheres inférteis; porém, há necessidade de novos estudos com tamanho de amostra maior para confirmação definitiva dessa provável associação.PURPOSE: To verify the existence of association between sub-fertility or infertility and concurrent celiac disease in women attended at a reproductive disorders out-patient clinic of a general hospital. METHODS: This was a case-control study in which a group of 200 women with difficulty in conceiving was compared with a control group with 400 women who were treated at the same hospital for various reasons, but not for fertility problems. Both groups were submitted to the anti-endomysium antibody protocol

  10. Oclusión temporal de arterias ilíacas internas en cesárea-histerectomía por placenta acreta: enfoque multidisciplinario

    OpenAIRE

    Hasbun H, Jorge; Palaviccini R, Jaime; Osorio P, Raúl; Cerda SM, Sergio; Castro L, Magdalena; Carreño T, Laura; Valdevenito S, Raúl

    2012-01-01

    Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia y resultados del tratamiento de la placenta acreta previa central en un caso clínico. Durante el embarazo los métodos diagnósticos por imágenes (ultrasonido y resonancia nuclear magnética) precisaron la localización y penetración de la placenta en la pared uterina. En el período inmediato antes del parto, para disminuir la hemorragia, evitar la hipotensión materna y facilitar el procedimiento quirúrgico, se colocaron balones intraarteriales en ambas ilíacas inter...

  11. Effect of γ-Aminobutyric Acid-producing Strain on Laying Performance, Egg Quality and Serum Enzyme Activity in Hy-Line Brown Hens under Heat Stress

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Y. Z. Zhu

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available Heat-stress remains a costly issue for animal production, especially for poultry as they lack sweat glands, and alleviating heat-stress is necessary for ensuring animal production in hot environment. A high γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA-producer Lactobacillus strain was used to investigate the effect of dietary GABA-producer on laying performance and egg quality in heat-stressed Hy-line brown hens. Hy-Line brown hens (n = 1,164 at 280 days of age were randomly divided into 4 groups based on the amount of freeze-dried GABA-producer added to the basal diet as follows: i 0 mg/kg, ii 25 mg/kg, iii 50 mg/kg, and iv 100 mg/kg. All hens were subjected to heat-stress treatment through maintaining the temperature and the relative humidity at 28.83±3.85°C and 37% to 53.9%, respectively. During the experiment, laying rate, egg weight and feed intake of hens were recorded daily. At the 30th and 60th day after the start of the experiment, biochemical parameters, enzyme activity and immune activity in serum were measured. Egg production, average egg weight, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and percentage of speckled egg, soft shell egg and misshaped egg were significantly improved (p<0.05 by the increasing supplementation of the dietary GABA-producer. Shape index, eggshell thickness, strength and weight were increased linearly with increasing GABA-producer supplementation. The level of calcium, phosphorus, glucose, total protein and albumin in serum of the hens fed GABA-producing strain supplemented diet was significantly higher (p<0.05 than that of the hens fed the basal diet, whereas cholesterol level was decreased. Compared with the basal diet, GABA-producer strain supplementation increased serum level of glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.009 and superoxide dismutase. In conclusion, GABA-producer played an important role in alleviating heat-stress, the isolated GABA-producer strain might be a potential natural and safe probiotic to use to

  12. Botanical supplements: detecting the transition from ingredients to supplements

    Science.gov (United States)

    Methods were developed using flow injection mass spectrometry (FIMS) and chemometrics for the comparison of spectral similarities and differences of 3 botanical ingredients and their supplements: Echinacea purpurea aerial samples and solid and liquid supplements, E. purpurea root samples and solid s...

  13. Study of creep behaviour in P-doped copper with slow strain rate tensile tests

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xuexing Yao; Sandstroem, Rolf

    2000-08-01

    Pure copper with addition of phosphorous is planned to be used to construct the canisters for spent nuclear fuel. The copper canisters can be exposed to a creep deformation up to 2-4% at temperatures in services. The ordinary creep strain tests with dead weight loading are generally employed to study the creep behaviour; however, it is reported that an initial plastic deformation of 5-15% takes place when loading the creep specimens at lower temperatures. The slow strain rate tensile test is an alternative to study creep deformation behaviour of materials. Ordinary creep test and slow strain rate tensile test can give the same information in the secondary creep stage. The advantage of the tensile test is that the starting phase is much more controlled than in a creep test. In a tensile test the initial deformation behaviour can be determined and the initial strain of less than 5% can be modelled. In this study slow strain rate tensile tests at strain rate of 10 -4 , 10 -5 , 10 -6 , and 10 -7 /s at 75, 125 and 175 degrees C have been performed on P-doped pure Cu to supplement creep data from conventional creep tests. The deformation behaviour has successfully been modelled. It is shown that the slow strain rate tensile tests can be implemented to study the creep deformation behaviours of pure Cu

  14. Biotin-independent strains of Escherichia coli for enhanced streptavidin production.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jeschek, Markus; Bahls, Maximilian O; Schneider, Veronika; Marlière, Philippe; Ward, Thomas R; Panke, Sven

    2017-03-01

    Biotin is an archetypal vitamin used as cofactor for carboxylation reactions found in all forms of life. However, biotin biosynthesis is an elaborate multi-enzymatic process and metabolically costly. Moreover, many industrially relevant organisms are incapable of biotin synthesis resulting in the requirement to supplement defined media. Here we describe the creation of biotin-independent strains of Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum through installation of an optimized malonyl-CoA bypass, which re-routes natural fatty acid synthesis, rendering the previously essential vitamin completely obsolete. We utilize biotin-independent E. coli for the production of the high-value protein streptavidin which was hitherto restricted because of toxic effects due to biotin depletion. The engineered strain revealed significantly improved streptavidin production resulting in the highest titers and productivities reported for this protein to date. Copyright © 2017 International Metabolic Engineering Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  15. Recovery Kinetics in Commercial Purity Aluminum Deformed to Ultrahigh Strain: Model and Experiment

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Yu, Tianbo; Hansen, Niels

    2016-01-01

    A new approach to analyze recovery kinetics is developed from a recent model, and microstructural observations are introduced to supplement hardness measurements. The approach involves two steps of data fitting, and the second step of fitting enables an estimation of the apparent activation energy...... for recovery. This approach is applied to commercial purity aluminum (AA1050) cold rolled to ultrahigh strain (99.6 pct reduction in thickness) and annealed at temperatures from 413 K to 493 K (140 A degrees C to 220 A degrees C). The annealing data fit the recovery model well, and the analysis shows...... that the apparent activation energy increases during recovery and approaches 190 kJ/mol at the end of recovery, suggesting that solute drag is an important rate-controlling mechanism. The recovery rate for the highly strained Al is found to be higher than that for Al deformed to a lower strain, an effect which...

  16. Antifibrinolíticos e cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea Antifibrinolíticos y cirugía cardíaca con circulación extracorpórea Antifibrinolytics and cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ari-Tadeu Lírio dos Santos

    2007-10-01

    Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A cirurgia cardíaca é a especialidade cirúrgica que com mais freqüência está associada a sangramento, coagulopatia e necessidade de derivados de sangue. Os agentes farmacológicos aprotinina, ácido epsilon-aminocapróico e ácido tranexâmico são os mais utilizados para auxiliar na hemostasia dos pacientes submetidos à circulação extracorpórea. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar a fisiopatologia do sangramento em cirurgia cardíaca e a atual situação dos antifibrinolíticos quanto à sua eficácia e complicações quando usados nesses procedimentos, dando maior ênfase ao ácido tranexâmico e à aprotinina. CONTEÚDO: São discutidos os mecanismos pelos quais a circulação extracorpórea provoca alteração na hemostasia e de que maneira os antifibrinolíticos agem para diminuir o sangramento e o uso de sangue alogênico em cirurgia cardíaca. É dada ênfase ao problema do tromboembolismo que pode ocorrer com o emprego desses antifibrinolíticos, com revisão da literatura. CONCLUSÃO: A fibrinólise é um dos principais fatores relacionados com o aumento do sangramento em cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea. A inibição da fibrinólise, juntamente com a preservação da função plaquetária, é, provavelmente, o mecanismo pelo qual os antifibrinolíticos diminuem o sangramento. O emprego desses fármacos reduz o sangramento em cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea num percentual que pode chegar a 50%. Com relação à preocupação com o tromboembolismo, os ácidos tranexâmico e epsilon-aminocapróico são opções que oferecem maior segurança que a aprotinina.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: La cirugía cardiaca es la especialidad quirúrgica que más frecuentemente está asociada al sangramiento, cuagulopatía y con necesidad de derivados de sangre. Los agentes farmacológicos aprotinina, ácido epsilon-aminocapróico y el ácido tranexámico son los más utilizados

  17. Caracterización bioinformática de unidades de transcripción no anotadas relacionadas con la enfermedad celíaca

    OpenAIRE

    Fernández Portela, Silvia

    2016-01-01

    La celiaquía es una enfermedad compleja y crónica que se debe a una reacción de intolerancia a la ingesta del gluten. Sus vías moleculares son poco conocidas aunque han sido muy estudiadas debido a que es multigénica. Se presenta la secuenciación de ARN como método de identificación de nuevos transcritos por todo el genoma para la compresión de la enfermedad celíaca. Pudiendo extrapolarse a cualquier otra investigación. Para ello predeciremos transcritos del RNAseq, los identificamos y caract...

  18. Detergents enhance EspB secretion from Escherichia coli strains harboring the locus for the enterocyte effacement (LEE) gene.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nakasone, Noboru; Toma, Claudia; Higa, Naomi; Koizumi, Yukiko; Ogura, Yasunori; Suzuki, Toshihiko

    2011-02-01

    The effects of detergents (cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, Triton X-100, and Nonidet P-40) on the secretion of EspB from the locus for enterocyte effacement (LEE) gene-positive Escherichia coli strains were examined. Clinical isolates of eight EPEC strains and seven STEC strains were used to detect EspB after they had been cultivated in Luria-Bertani (LB) broth containing one of the detergents. When the bacteria were cultured in LB broth supplemented with one of the detergents, the amount of EspB produced was increased by 2-32-fold depending on the detergent and the strain used. EspB was detected in all strains when they were cultured in LB broth containing all of the detergents. The results obtained in this study can be applied to immunological diagnostic methods for detecting EspB and also to the production of EspB for research purposes. © 2010 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.

  19. An electron diffraction and bond valence sum study of the space group symmetries and structures of the photocatalytic 1:1 ordered A2InNbO6 double perovskites (A=Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ting, V.; Liu, Y.; Withers, R.L.; Krausz, E.

    2004-01-01

    A careful investigation has been carried out into the space group symmetries, structures and crystal chemistries of the 1:1 B-site ordered double perovskites A 2 InNbO 6 (A=Ca 2+ , Sr 2+ , Ba 2+ ) using a combination of bond valence sum calculations, powder XRD and electron diffraction. A recent investigation of these compounds by Yin et al. reported a random distribution of In 3+ and Nb 5+ ions onto the perovskite B-site positions of these compounds and hence Pm3-barm (a=a p , subscript p for parent perovskite sub-structure) space group symmetry for the A=Ba and Sr compounds and Pnma (a=a p +b p , b=-a p +b p , c=2c p ) space group symmetry for the A=Ca compound. A careful electron diffraction study, however, shows that both the A=Ca and Sr compounds occur at room temperature in P12 1 /n1 (a=a p +b p , b=-a p +b p , c=2c p ) perovskite-related superstructure phases while the A=Ba compound occurs in the Fm3-barm, a=2a p , elpasolite structure type. Bond valence sum calculations are used to explain why this should be so as well as to provide a useful first-order approximation to the structures of each of the compounds

  20. Relação entre a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e VO 2pico em mulheres ativas

    OpenAIRE

    Tamburús, Nayara Yamada; Rebelo, Ana Cristina Silva; César, Marcelo de Castro; Catai, Aparecida Maria; Takahashi, Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros; Andrade, Carolina Pieroni; Porta, Alberto; Silva, Ester da

    2014-01-01

    OBJETIVO: Ava+liar a associação entre os índices da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) e a aptidão cardiorrespiratória.MÉTODOS: Sessenta e duas mulheres (idade 22,1 ± 3,3 anos) foram divididas em quatro grupos: treinamento aeróbio (AER, n = 15), treinamento de força (FOR, n = 13), treinamento combinado (aeróbio e força) (AER+FOR, n = 15) e controle (C, n = 19). O teste cardiopulmonar foi realizado para avaliar a aptidão cardiorrespiratória a partir do consumo de oxigênio pico (VO2pico...

  1. [Morphological characteristics and physiological properties of aflatoxin B1 producing and non-producing Aspergillus flavus strains].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kogbo, W; Lemarinier, S; Boutibonnes, P

    1985-09-01

    Comparison between about 80 strains of Aspergillus flavus, belonging to the series flavus and oryzae, obtained from international collections but also isolated from French or African substrates revealed the following observations: 1. Cultural and morphological characteristics of toxicogenic and atoxicogenic strains of A. flavus are similar. However, the former produce a diffusible yellow pigment in 83% of isolates. 2. The two groups of conidiospores have the same resistance to UV irradiation (254 nm, 5 and 10 min). All the strains are equally sensitive to 4 antifungal antibiotics: nystatine, ketoconazole, clotrimazole and amphotericine. 3. A difference was seen in the capacity to produce enzymes as alpha-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase and beta-glucosidase, implicated in the glucid metabolism. The specific hydrolytic activity has been confirmed by the characterization of a large amount of beta-galactosidase and by a diauxic growth on glucose medium supplemented by lactose. Possible relationship between these characters and aflatoxin B1 production by A. flavus strains is discussed.

  2. Effect of Probiotics Supplementation on the Performance of Lactating Crossbred Cows

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    S.D. Chavan

    Full Text Available Sixteen multifarious cows were selected on the basis of average daily milk yield and stage of lactation; they were divided into four groups (four cows in each group with parity within each group. These cows were fed 10gm, 15gm and 20gm probiotics just before evening milk. The multi-strain probiotic used were containing four strains consist of bacteria and fungi namely Lactobacillus acidophilus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces boulardii and Propionibacterium frendenreichii. It was found that, the use of probiotics proved to be effective in increasing milk production of lactating cows. Milk fat, milk protein and SNF content tended to be higher in cows supplemented with probiotics preparations. The appropriate level of 20 gm probiotic per day per animal was found effective. The economic advantage of probiotics depends on its relative prices and on the levels of milk production of the cows. [Vet. World 2011; 4(12.000: 557-561

  3. The Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation on Metabolic Status in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Samimi, Mansooreh; Dadkhah, Adeleh; Haddad Kashani, Hamed; Tajabadi-Ebrahimi, Maryam; Seyed Hosseini, Elahe; Asemi, Zatollah

    2018-03-12

    Data on the effects of synbiotic supplementation on glycemic control, lipid profiles, and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of synbiotic supplementation on glycemic control and lipid profiles in women with PCOS. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was done at the Naghavi Hospital affiliated to Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran, between April 2017 and June 2017. Sixty women with PCOS were randomized to intake synbiotic capsule containing Lactobacillus acidophilus strain T16 (IBRC-M10785), Lactobacillus casei strain T2 (IBRC-M10783), and Bifidobacterium bifidum strain T1 (IBRC-M10771) (2 × 10 9  CFU/g each) plus 800 mg inulin (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 12 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after the 12-week intervention to determine related variables. Compared with the placebo, synbiotic supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in serum insulin concentrations (- 2.8 ± 4.1 vs. + 1.8 ± 6.4 μIU/mL, P = 0.002) and homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (- 0.7 ± 1.0 vs. + 0.4 ± 1.5, P = 0.002), and a significant elevation in the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (+ 0.01 ± 0.01 vs. - 0.01 ± 0.03, P < 0.001). In addition, significant decreases in serum triglycerides (- 16.2 ± 31.4 vs. + 5.8 ± 23.1 mg/dL, P = 0.003), VLDL-cholesterol concentrations (- 3.3 ± 6.3 vs. + 1.1 ± 4.6 mg/dL, P = 0.003), and AIP (- 0.05 ± 0.08 vs. - 0.003 ± 0.10 mg/dL, P = 0.03) were seen following the supplementation of synbiotic compared with the placebo. Overall, we found that synbiotic supplementation to women with PCOS for 12 weeks had beneficial effects on markers of insulin resistance, triglycerides, VLDL-cholesterol concentrations, and AIP, but did

  4. Análise da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em cordeiros da raça Bergamácia, do nascimento aos 35 dias de idade

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    K. Koether

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO A atividade do sistema nervoso autônomo sobre o coração pode ser verificada pela variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC, método que quantifica e assim infere sobre a modulação autonômica cardíaca, refletindo o funcionamento do sistema nervoso autônomo. Durante o período neonatal, diferenças significativas no que se refere à maturação autonômica são descritas em diversas espécies. Embora a espécie ovina venha sendo utilizada como modelo experimental em diversos protocolos em neonatologia e cardiologia em humanos, estudos descritivos sobre a VFC utilizando animais saudáveis e não sedados são escassos na literatura. O objetivo do estudo foi descrever a VFC em cordeiros da raça Bergamácia durante os primeiros 35 dias de idade. Foram realizados exames eletrocardiográficos em 20 cordeiros da raça Bergamácia a partir do nascimento e semanalmente até o 35° dia de idade. A VFC foi analisada pelo intervalo RR normal (batimentos sinusais, pela frequência cardíaca, pelo índice de tônus vasovagal (iTVV, pela raiz quadrada da média do quadrado das diferenças entre intervalos RR normais adjacentes (RMSSD e pela raiz quadrada da somatória do quadrado das diferenças dos valores individuais em relação ao valor médio, dividido pelo número de iR-R em 90 segundos - VFC global (RMSM. Todos os parâmetros se alteraram ao longo das semanas. A frequência cardíaca média elevou-se entre o nascimento e os primeiros sete dias de idade, com decréscimo nas quatro semanas subsequentes, sendo o menor valor encontrado aos 35 dias de idade (145,63±37,80bpm. Entre 21, 28 e 35 dias de idade, o iTVV elevou-se significativamente, o RMSM a partir do 28º dia, e, aos 35 dias, o RMSSD, reflexo da ativação parassimpática, exibiu diferenças em relação aos momentos subsequentes. O início da predominância parassimpática, refletida nos índices da VFC, particularmente o iTVV, ocorre aos 21 dias de idade. A partir dos 35 dias

  5. The ACEII recombinant Trichoderma reesei QM9414 strains with enhanced xylanase production and its applications in production of xylitol from tree barks.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xiong, Lili; Kameshwar, Ayyappa Kumar Sista; Chen, Xi; Guo, Zhiyun; Mao, Canquan; Chen, Sanfeng; Qin, Wensheng

    2016-12-28

    ACEII transcription factor plays a significant role in regulating the expression of cellulase and hemicellulase encoding genes. Apart from ACEII, transcription factors such as XYR1, CRE1, HAP2/3/5 complex and ACEI function in a coordinated pattern for regulating the gene expression of cellulases and hemicellulases. Studies have demonstrated that ACEII gene deletion results in decreased total cellulase and xylanase activities with reduced transcript levels of lignocellulolytic enzymes. In this study, we have successfully transformed the ACEII transcription factor encoding gene in Trichoderma reesei to significantly improve its degrading abilities. Transformation experiments on parental strain T. reesei QM9414 has resulted in five genetically engineered strains T/Ace2-2, T/Ace2-5, T/Ace2-8, T/Ace5-4 and T/Ace10-1. Among which, T/Ace2-2 has exhibited significant increase in enzyme activity by twofolds, when compared to parental strain. The T/Ace2-2 was cultured on growth substrates containing 2% bark supplemented with (a) sugar free + MA medium (b) glucose + MA medium and (c) xylose + MA medium. The bark degradation efficiency of genetically modified T/Ace2-2 strain was assessed by analyzing the xylitol production yield using HPAEC. By 6th day, about 10.52 g/l of xylitol was produced through enzymatic conversion of bark (2% bark + MA + xylose) by the T/Ace2-2 strain and by 7th day the conversion rate was found to be 0.21 g/g. Obtained results confirmed that bark growth medium supplemented with D-xylose has profoundly increased the conversion rate of bark by T/Ace2-2 strain when compared to sugar free and glucose supplemented growth media. Results obtained from scanning electron microscopy has endorsed our current results. Bark samples inoculated with T/Ace2-2 strain has showed large number of degraded cells with clearly visible cavities and fractures, by exposing the microfibrillar interwoven complex. We propose a cost effective and ecofriendly method for

  6. Selection and evaluation of Malaysian Bacillus spp. strains as potential probiotics in cultured tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yasin, Ina-salwany Md; Razak, Nabilah Fatin; Natrah, F M I; Harmin, Sharr Azni

    2016-07-01

    A total of 58 Gram-positive bacteria strains were isolated from the marine environment and screened for potential probiotics for disease prevention and improving the productivity of tiger grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus larvae and juveniles. The bacteria were identified as Bacillus licheniformis, B. subtilis, B. circulans, B. sphaericus, B. cereus, Brevibacillus brevis, Corynebacterium propinquum, Leifsonia aquatica and Paenibacillus macerans. Only 24 strains showed antagonistic activities against four pathogenic strains; Vibrio alginolyticus, V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila, where two of the Bacillus strains, B12 and B45 demonstrated intermediate to highest level of inhibitory activity against these pathogenic strains, respectively. Further assessment by co-culture assay showed that Bacillus strain B12 exhibited a total inhibition of V. alginolyticus, while B45 strain displayed no inhibitory activity. Mixed culture of Bacillus B12 and B45 strains to outcompete V. alginolyticus was observed at a cell density of 10(7) CFU ml(-1). Molecular identification and phylogenetic tree analysis have categorized Bacillus strain B12 to the reference strains GQ340480 and JX290193 of? B. amyloliquafaciens, and Bacillus strain B45 with a reference strain JF496522 of B. subtilis. Safety tests of probionts by intraperitoneal administration of B12 and B45 strains at cell densities of 103, 105 and 10(7) CFU ml(-1) revealed no abnormalities and cent percent survival for healthy Epinephelus fuscoguttatus juveniles within 15 days of experimental period. Overall, the study revealed that Bacillus B12 strain possesses tremendous probiotic potential that could be used as a feed supplement in tiger grouper diets. ?

  7. Vitamin and Mineral Supplement Fact Sheets

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... website Submit Search NIH Office of Dietary Supplements Vitamin and Mineral Supplement Fact Sheets Search the list ... Supplements: Background Information Botanical Dietary Supplements: Background Information Vitamin and Mineral Fact Sheets Botanical Supplement Fact Sheets ...

  8. Active components in food supplements

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Siemelink M; Jansen EHJM; Piersma AH; Opperhuizen A; LEO

    2000-01-01

    The growing food supplement market, where supplements are both more diverse and more easily available (e.g. through Internet) formed the backdrop to the inventory of the active components in food supplements. The safety of an increased intake of food components via supplements was also at issue

  9. Lactobacillus plantarum Strains Can Enhance Human Mucosal and Systemic Immunity and Prevent Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Induced Reduction in T Regulatory Cells

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    de Vos, Paul; Mujagic, Zlatan; de Haan, Bart J.; Siezen, Roland J.; Bron, Peter A.; Meijerink, Marjolein; Wells, Jerry M.; Masclee, Ad A. M.; Boekschoten, Mark V.; Faas, Marijke M.; Troost, Freddy J.

    2017-01-01

    Orally ingested bacteria interact with intestinal mucosa and may impact immunity. However, insights in mechanisms involved are limited. In this randomized placebo-controlled cross-over trial, healthy human subjects were given Lactobacillus plantarum supplementation (strain TIFN101, CIP104448, or

  10. Lactobacillus plantarum strains can enhance human mucosal and systemic immunity and prevent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug induced reduction in T regulatory Cells

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Vos, de Paul; Mujagic, Zlatan; Haan, de Bart J.; Siezen, Roland J.; Bron, Peter A.; Meijerink, Marjolein; Wells, Jerry M.; Masclee, Ad A.M.; Boekschoten, Mark V.; Faas, Marijke M.; Troost, Freddy J.

    2017-01-01

    Orally ingested bacteria interact with intestinal mucosa and may impact immunity. However, insights in mechanisms involved are limited. In this randomized placebo-controlled cross-over trial, healthy human subjects were given Lactobacillus plantarum supplementation (strain TIFN101, CIP104448, or

  11. Policy commercializing nonprofits in health: the history of a paradox from the 19th century to the ACA.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fox, Daniel M

    2015-03-01

    POLICY POINTS: Health policy in the United States has, for more than a century, simultaneously and paradoxically incentivized the growth as well as the commercialization of nonprofit organizations in the health sector. This policy paradox persists during the implementation of the Affordable Care Act of 2010. For more than a century, policy in the United States has incentivized both expansion in the number and size of tax-exempt nonprofit organizations in the health sector and their commercialization. The implementation of the Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) began yet another chapter in the history of this policy paradox. This article explores the origin and persistence of the paradox using what many scholars call "interpretive social science." This methodology prioritizes history and contingency over formal theory and methods in order to present coherent and plausible narratives of events and explanations for them. These narratives are grounded in documents generated by participants in particular events, as well as conversations with them, observing them in action, and analysis of pertinent secondary sources. The methodology achieves validity and reliability by gathering information from multiple sources and making disciplined judgments about its coherence and correspondence with reality. A paradox with deep historical roots persists as a result of consensus about its value for both population health and the revenue of individuals and organizations in the health sector. Participants in this consensus include leaders of governance who have disagreed about many other issues. The paradox persists because of assumptions about the burden of disease and how to address it, as well as about the effects of biomedical science that is translated into professional education, practice, and the organization of services for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of illness. The policy paradox that has incentivized the growth and commercialization of nonprofits in

  12. Angústia hipocondríaca e o eterno retorno do presente: considerações a partir do filme Sinédoque, New York

    OpenAIRE

    Klein, Thaís; Herzog, Regina

    2017-01-01

    Resumo A partir de questionamentos levantados pelo filme Sinédoque, New York (2008), pretende-se discutir a articulação da angústia hipocondríaca com a temporalidade. Observa-se que no filme o recurso do flashback não é utilizado; a temporalidade, que se instaura diante da angústia relacionada a sintomas hipocondríacos do personagem, calca-se em um presente absoluto. A hipocondria foi considerada por Freud uma neurose atual e a angústia a ela articulada opera como a contrapartida afetiva do e...

  13. Manejo terapéutico actual de la insuficiencia cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sarah María Regueira Betancourt

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available La insuficiencia cardíaca es un síndrome clínico complejo, en el cual ocurren alteraciones anatómicas y funcionales, que dan como resultado un deterioro de la función de bomba del miocardio ventricular (disfunción sistólica o una incapacidad para una correcta relajación y llenado (disfunción diastólica, y es el estadio final de muchas enfermedades cardiovasculares. En el tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardiaca, desde la atención primaria de salud, es tradicional el empleo de diuréticos y digitálicos, que logran alivio de los síntomas, pero con poco impacto sobre la mortalidad y la supervivencia. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica actualizada, empleando los recursos disponibles en la red Infomed sobre los nuevos enfoques terapéuticos farmacológicos de la insuficiencia cardiaca, tanto por disfunción sistólica, como por disfunción diastólica. En la literatura se evidencia como se han revolucionado las bases del abordaje, tratamiento médico y pronóstico, al complementar el manejo tradicional de esta entidad (diuréticos, digitálicos y potasio e inotrópicos, con la introducción de nuevos grupos farmacológicos, como los inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de la angiotensina II (IECA y los betabloqueadores (BB

  14. MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF FOOD SUPPLEMENTS.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ratajczak, Magdalena; Kubicka, Marcelina M; Kamińska, Dorota; Długaszewska, Jolanta

    2015-01-01

    Many specialists note that the food offered today - as a result of very complex technological processing - is devoid of many components that are important for the organism and the shortages have to be supplemented. The simplest for it is to consume diet supplements that provide the missing element in a concentrated form. In accordance with the applicable law, medicinal products include all substances or mixtures of substances that are attributed with properties of preventing or treating diseases with humans or animals. Permits to admit supplements to the market are issued by the Chief Sanitary Inspector and the related authorities; permits for medicines are issued by the Chief Pharmaceutical Inspector and the Office for Registration of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices and Biocidal Products. Therefore, admittance of a supplement to the market is less costly and time consuming_than admittance of a medicine. Supplements and medicines may contain the same component but medicines will have a larger concentration than supplements. Sale of supplements at drug stores and in the form of tablets, capsules, liquids or powders makes consumer often confusing supplements with medicines. Now there are no normative documents specifying limits of microbiological impurities in diet supplements. In Polish legislation, diet supplements are subject to legal acts concerning food. Medicines have to comply with microbiological purity requirements specified in the Polish Pharmacopeia. As evidenced with the completed tests, the proportion of diet supplement samples with microbiological impurities is 6.5%. Sales of diet supplements have been growing each year, they are consumed by healthy people but also people with immunology deficiencies and by children and therefore consumers must be certain that they buy safe products.

  15. Taking iron supplements

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007478.htm Taking iron supplements To use the sharing features on this page, ... levels. You may also need to take iron supplements as well to rebuild iron stores in your ...

  16. Aspectos da miocardite em chagásicos crônicos com "megas" e sem "megas" com insuficiência cardíaca congestiva

    OpenAIRE

    Almeida,Hipólito de Oliveira; Gobbi,Helenice; Teixeira,Vicente de Paula Antunes; Araújo,Waldir Ferreira; Fernandes,Paula Ávila

    1984-01-01

    O estudo microscópico de 20 corações de chagásicos com "megas" e de outros 20 sem "megas" com insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (ICC) revelou que tanto a Jibrose quanto o exsudato inflamatório no miocárdio são discretos nos casos de "megas" e geralmente acentuados nos casos de ICC. Considerando-se que nos "megas" a ICC, a hipertrofia do miocárdio e a lesão vorticilar são fenômenos raros, nossos achados (atuais e anteriores) sugerem que estes estejam relacionados principalmente com a agressão ...

  17. Validación prospectiva de siete sistemas locales e internacionales de evaluación del riesgo en cirugía cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raúl A. Borracci

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivos El presente trabajo se llevó a cabo con el propósito de evaluar el desempeño de siete scores de riesgo de mortalidad en cirugía cardíaca de uso corriente en nuestro medio. Material y métodos Se analizaron prospectivamente 502 pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca entre 2004 y 2005.Se identificaron las variables preoperatorias para el cálculo de siete scores de riesgo de mortalidad, cuatro internacionales, Parsonnet, Ontario, EuroSCORE y Cleveland, y tres locales, CONAREC, Español y Favaloro. Para determinar la discriminación, la precisión y la calibración de cada score , se calculó el riesgo esperado promedio de cada uno, la bondad de ajuste de Hosmer y Lemeshow, el coeficiente Q , las áreas ROC, el índice de Shannon y tres métodos gráficos. Resultados La comparación de las áreas ROC para todo tipo de cirugía cardíaca mostró que el EuroSCORE tuvo la mejor área (78,7%, junto con el score del Español (78,6%. Aunque estos modelos tuvieron el valor predictivo más alto, no se encontraron diferencias estadísticas al compararlos con el resto de los modelos. Para la cirugía coronaria, el EuroSCORE nuevamente mostró la mejor predicción (76,3%, y luego el de Cleveland (76,0%, a pesar de que tampoco se hallaron diferencias estadísticas con el resto de los scores . Para todo tipo de cirugía, el Ontario tuvo el mejor índice de Shannon global (0,913, pero el peor índice de fallecidos (0,074, lo cual indica que otorgó riesgos esperados más bajos a los sobrevivientes, pero también riesgos bajos a los que murieron. Por su parte, el EuroSCORE se ubicó en segundo lugar para el índice global (0,905 y el de fallecidos (0,106. Para la cirugía coronaria, el Español tuvo el índice global más alto (0,945, pero también el índice de fallecidos más bajo (0,050, lo que señala una buena precisión en el primer caso y una mala precisión cuando sólo se consideran los fallecidos. En el EuroSCORE, los índices de

  18. Necessidades e expectativas do paciente em pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca: avaliação de uma abordagem da prática

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joséte Luzia Leite

    1985-12-01

    Full Text Available As autoras, mediante observação em trinta pacientes em pós-operatório de Cirurgia Cardíaca, procuraram identificar as expectativas e necessidades dos mesmos ao tem po em que analisaram a assistência prestada pelo enfermeiro. A partir de suas experiências como docente e enfermeiras, avaliaram a prática profissional voltadas principalmente para aquelas necessidades identificadas.

  19. Glicemia perioperatória e complicações pós-operatórias em cirurgia cardíaca pediátrica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rodrigo Leal Alves

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Anestesia para cirurgia cardíaca pediátrica é sistematicamente realizada em pacientes graves sob condições fisiológicas anormais. No intraoperatório, existem variações significativas da volemia, temperatura corporal, composição plasmática e fluxo sanguíneo tecidual, além de ativação da inflamação, com consequências importantes. Medidas seriadas da glicemia podem indicar estados de exacerbação da resposta neuroendocrinometabólica ao trauma servindo como marcadores prognóstico de morbidade nessa população. OBJETIVO: Correlacionar os níveis de glicemia do período perioperatório de crianças submetidas a cirurgia cardíaca com a ocorrência de complicações no pós-operatório e comparar os níveis intraoperatórios de glicemia de acordo com as condições perioperatórias. MÉTODOS: Informações referentes ao procedimento anestésico-cirúrgico e condições perioperatórias dos pacientes foram coletadas em prontuário. Comparações das médias dos valores perioperatórios da glicemia nos grupos de pacientes que apresentaram, ou não, complicações pós-operatórias e as frequências referentes às condições perioperatórias foram estabelecidas conforme cálculo da razão de chances e em análises univariáveis não paramétricas. RESULTADOS: Valores mais elevados de glicemia intraoperatória foram observados nos indivíduos que apresentaram complicações pós-operatórias. Prematuridade, faixa etária, tipo de anestesia e caráter do procedimento não apresentaram influência na média glicêmica do intraoperatório. O emprego de Circulação Extracorpórea (CEC esteve associado a maiores valores de glicemia durante a cirurgia. Nos procedimentos com CEC, maiores níveis glicêmicos foram observados nos indivíduos que evoluíram com infecção e complicações cardiovasculares, nas cirurgias sem CEC essa mesma associação ocorreu com complicações infecciosas e hematológicas. CONCLUSÃO: N

  20. Probiotic supplementation in sports and physical exercise: Does it present any ergogenic effect?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Coqueiro, Audrey Yule; de Oliveira Garcia, Amanda Beatriz; Rogero, Marcelo Macedo; Tirapegui, Julio

    2017-12-01

    Probiotics are live microorganisms that promote health benefits to the host. Evidence indicates that some probiotic strains play an immunomodulatory role and reduce the incidence of respiratory and gastrointestinal infections in athletes and in physical activity practitioners. For this reason, probiotic supplementation could indirectly improve exercise performance. However, recent studies have observed direct ergogenic effects of probiotics, but the mechanisms of action are poorly elucidated. In this study, we aim to synthesize available knowledge on the effect of probiotics on physical exercise, identify the mechanisms of action by which probiotics could improve performance directly and indirectly, and verify whether probiotics have any ergogenic effect. The study was performed in the PubMed database in February 2017, without limitation as to the publication period. The keyword combinations used were: 'Probiotics' and 'Sports' ( n = 17 articles), 'Probiotics' and 'Exercise' ( n = 26 articles) and 'Probiotics' and 'Athletes' ( n = 11 articles). Of the 16 studies evaluated, only six applied performance tests, of which only two demonstrated that probiotic supplementation increases performance, but one of them was performed with mice. According to the studies evaluated, probiotic supplementation does not present ergogenic effect, however, considering the small number of studies, this subject should be better investigated.

  1. Dietary Lactobacillus plantarum supplementation enhances growth performance and alleviates aluminum toxicity in tilapia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yu, Leilei; Zhai, Qixiao; Zhu, Jiamin; Zhang, Chengcheng; Li, Tianqi; Liu, Xiaoming; Zhao, Jianxin; Zhang, Hao; Tian, Fengwei; Chen, Wei

    2017-09-01

    We investigated the protection offered by the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM639 against waterborne Al exposure in tilapia. Fish were allocated to control, CCFM639-only, Al-only or Al plus CCFM639 groups. The fish were exposed to 2.73mg/L Al ions for 4 weeks. The probiotic was incorporated into the fish diet at 10 8 CFU/g and provided twice daily. Our results showed that L. plantarum CCFM639 significantly enhanced feed utilization, growth performance and antioxidant ability in the absence of waterborne Al exposure. When fish were exposed to Al, dietary supplementation with the strain effectively decreased the death rate and accumulation of Al in tissues, and enhanced growth performance. Moreover, Al-induced changes in hematobiochemical parameters and hepatic oxidative stress and histopathology were also alleviated. Therefore, L. plantarum CCFM639 may be a novel dietary supplement for fish to enhance growth performance and prevent aquaculture and food safety problems induced by Al pollution. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  2. Heart rate and energy expenditure during garbage collection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Freqüência cardíaca e gasto energético durante a coleta de lixo domiciliar no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz A. Anjos

    2007-11-01

    Full Text Available Physiological workload is used to estimate the physical demand of tasks in the workforce, but limited information is available for the various work activities in developing countries. Eighty-three randomly selected male workers participated in the present study, aimed at assessing the physiological workload of garbage collection (GC in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Heart rate (HR was obtained on four consecutive workdays. Energy expenditure (EE was extrapolated from heart rate data based on individual laboratory-established heart rate/oxygen consumption curve in 70 workers. Mean HR during GC was 104.0 ± 11.7bpm (± SD, representing 56.9 ± 7.5% of maximum heart rate. EE was 1608.3 ± 738.5kcal for an average of 293.1 ± 103.9 minutes of work per day. Based on all measurements, work in garbage collection in Rio de Janeiro can be considered excessively heavy. These data emphasize the need to develop appropriate classification of workload to be used in health-related research and in the development of maximum acceptable work time in association with the physiological workload, particularly in developing countries.A carga de trabalho fisiológica é utilizada para estimar a demanda física de uma tarefa na população de trabalhadores adultos; no entanto, nos países em desenvolvimento há poucos dados disponíveis sobre as diversas atividades ocupacionais. Oitenta e três trabalhadores masculinos participaram neste estudo, com o objetivo de avaliar a carga fisiológica do trabalho de coleta de lixo domiciliar no Município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A freqüência cardíaca foi medida em quatro dias de trabalho consecutivos. O gasto energético foi extrapolado a partir da freqüência cardíaca, com base em dados individuais obtidos em laboratório para a curva de freqüência cardíaca/consumo de oxigênio em 70 trabalhadores. A freqüência cardíaca média durante a coleta de lixo era 104,0 ± 11,7bpm, o que representa 56,9 ± 7,5% da freq

  3. Comparison of strain and shear wave elastography for qualitative and quantitative assessment of breast masses in the same population.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Hyo Jin; Kim, Sun Mi; Kim, Bohyoung; La Yun, Bo; Jang, Mijung; Ko, Yousun; Lee, Soo Hyun; Jeong, Heeyeong; Chang, Jung Min; Cho, Nariya

    2018-04-18

    We investigated addition of strain and shear wave elastography to conventional ultrasonography for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of breast masses; cut-off points were determined for strain ratio, elasticity ratio, and visual score for differentiating between benign and malignant masses. In all, 108 masses from 94 patients were evaluated with strain and shear wave elastography and scored for suspicion of malignancy, visual score, strain ratio, and elasticity ratio. The diagnostic performance between ultrasonography alone and ultrasonography combined with either type of elastography was compared; cut-off points were determined for strain ratio, elasticity ratio, and visual score. Of the 108 masses, 44 were malignant and 64 were benign. The areas under the curves were significantly higher for strain and shear wave elastography-supplemented ultrasonography (0.839 and 0.826, respectively; P = 0.656) than for ultrasonography alone (0.764; P = 0.018 and 0.035, respectively). The diagnostic performances of strain and elasticity ratios were similar when differentiating benign from malignant masses. Cut-off values for strain ratio, elasticity ratio, and visual scores for strain and shear wave elastography were 2.93, 4, 3, and 2, respectively. Both forms of elastography similarly improved the diagnostic performance of conventional ultrasonography in the qualitative and quantitative assessment of breast masses.

  4. Issues in Nutrition: Dietary Supplements.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Thompson, Margaret E; Noel, Mary Barth

    2017-01-01

    The majority of American adults report use of one or more dietary supplements every day or occasionally. The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 defines dietary supplements and regulates their manufacture and distribution. One of the most commonly used supplements is vitamin D. Measurement of serum levels of vitamin D must be undertaken with the caveats that different laboratories define normal levels differently, and that there is rarely a clinical correlation with the actual level. Patients should understand that supplements should not be used to excess, as there are toxicities and other adverse effects associated with most of them. There currently is considerable research being performed on probiotics and how the gut microbiome affects health and disease states. Protein supplements may be useful in reducing mortality rates in elderly patients but they do not appear to increase quality of life. If used, protein supplements should contain essential amino acids. Casein and whey supplements, derived from dairy sources, help transport essential amino acids to tissues. Although there have been many studies investigating the role of vitamin supplements in disease prevention, there have been few conclusive positive results. Written permission from the American Academy of Family Physicians is required for reproduction of this material in whole or in part in any form or medium.

  5. Lead in calcium supplements (abstract)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rehman, S.; Khalid, N.

    2011-01-01

    Lead present in calcium supplements is of grave concern as some lead levels have been measured up to the extent of regulatory limit set by the United States. Calcium supplements inevitably get contaminated with lead as both are naturally occurring elements. Therefore, it is imperative to indicate its level in these supplements in order to create awareness among consumers. In this study, a sophisticated analytical technique, atomic absorption spectrometry was used to analyze Pb contents in 27 commonly consumed Ca supplements manufactured by different national and multinational companies. The daily intake of lead through these supplements was calculated. Only 10% of the calcium supplements analyzed met the criteria of acceptable Pb levels (1.5 mu g/daily dose) in supplements/consumer products set by the United States. It was also found that Pb intake was highest in chelated calcium supplements 28.5 mu g/daily dose, whereas lowest 0.47 mu g/daily dose through calcium supplements with vitamin D formulation. In order to validate our results from the study conducted, IAEA-certified reference material (animal bone, H-5) was analyzed for its Pb levels. The levels of Pb determined were quite in good agreement with the certified values. (author)

  6. In-vitro growth characteristics of commercial probiotic strains and their potential for inhibition of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Schoster, A.; Permin, A.; Kokotovic, Branko

    2012-01-01

    . To study growth characteristics of 17 commercial probiotic strains (Lactobacilli n=16, Bifidobacteria n=1) MRS broth was adjusted to pH 2 or 4 or supplemented with 0.15% or 0.3% bile. Growth was measured at 0 and 24h and compared spectrophotometrically to control growth in standard MRS broth. Growth under...

  7. IN-VITRO GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMERCIAL PROBIOTIC STRAINS AND THEIR POTENTIAL FOR INHIBITION OF CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE AND CLOSTRDIDUM PERFRINGENS

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Schoster, Angelika; Kokotovic, Branko; Permin, Anders

    . To study growth characteristics of 17 commercial probiotic strains (Lactobacilli n=16, Bifidobacteria n=1) MRS broth was adjusted to pH 2 or 4 or supplemented with 0.15% or 0.3% bile. Growth was measured at 0 and 24h and compared spectrophotometrically to control growth in standard MRS broth. Growth under...

  8. Physician-Patient Communication about Dietary Supplements

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tarn, Derjung M.; Paterniti, Debora A.; Good, Jeffrey S.; Coulter, Ian D.; Galliher, James M.; Kravitz, Richard L.; Karlamangla, Arun; Wenger, Neil S.

    2013-01-01

    Objective Describe the content and frequency of provider-patient dietary supplement discussions during primary care office visits. Methods Inductive content analysis of 1477 transcribed audio-recorded office visits to 102 primary care providers was combined with patient and provider surveys. Encounters were collected in Los Angeles, California (2009–2010), geographically-diverse practice settings across the United States (2004–2005), and Sacramento, CA (1998–1999). Results Providers discussed 738 dietary supplements during encounters with 357 patients (24.2% of all encounters in the data). They mentioned: 1) reason for taking the supplement for 46.5% of dietary supplements; 2) how to take the supplement for 28.2%; 3) potential risks for 17.3%; 4) supplement effectiveness for 16.7%; and 5) supplement cost or affordability for 4.2%. Of these five topics, a mean of 1.13 (SD=1.2) topics were discussed for each supplement. More topics were reviewed for non-vitamin non-mineral supplements (mean 1.47 (SD=1.2)) than for vitamin/mineral supplements (mean 0.99 (SD=1.1); psupplements are occurring, it is clear that more discussion might be needed to inform patient decisions about supplement use. Practice Implication Physicians could more frequently address topics that may influence patient dietary supplement use, such as the risks, effectiveness, and costs of supplements. PMID:23466249

  9. Gasometria arterial em dois diferentes métodos de transporte intra-hospitalar no pós-operatório imediato de cirurgia cardíaca

    OpenAIRE

    Lima Junior, Newton Almeida; Bacelar, Silvia Correa; Japiassú, André Miguel; Cader, Samária Ali; Lima, Rosane Coelho Fernandes; Dantas, Estélio Henrique Martin; Sancho, Alexandre Gomes; Caldeira, Jefferson Braga

    2012-01-01

    OBJETIVO: Avaliar as repercussões gasométricas de dois métodos de ventilação (ventilador de transporte e ressuscitador manual autoinflável) durante o transporte intra-hospitalar de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, longitudinal, prospectivo e randomizado. Foram coletadas gasometrias arteriais ao final da cirurgia e ao final do transporte do paciente. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 23 pacientes: 13 no Grupo ventilador de transporte e 10 no ressuscitador manu...

  10. Neuronal counting and parasympathetic dysfunction in the hearts of chronically Trypanosoma cruzi - infected rats Contagem neuronal e disfunção cardíaca parassimpática em ratos cronicamente infectados pelo Trypanosoma cruzi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    E. Chapadeiro

    1991-10-01

    Full Text Available Ten male Wistar rats, chronically infected with Colombian, São Felipe (12SF and Y strains of Trypanosoma cruzi and ten non-infected control animals were submitted to the bradycardia responsiveness test, an assessment of heart parasympathetic function, after phenylephrine injection. Six chagasic animals showed heart parasympathetic dysfuntion characterized by reduction in the index of bradycardia baroreflex responsiveness, as compared with the control group. Microscopic examination of the atrial heart ganglia of chagasic rats showed ganglionitis, but no statiscally significant reduction in the number of neurons.Dez ratos machos Wistar cronicamente infectados pelas cepas Colombiana, São Felipe (12SF, e Y do Trypanosoma cruzi, foram submetidos, após 8 meses de infecção, juntamente com dez animais controles, ao teste da resposta bradicárdica barorreflexa pela injeção endovenosa de fenilefrina. Seis ratos chagásicos exibiram disfunção cardíaca parassimpática, caracterizada pela depressão do índice da resposta bradicárdica barorreflexa. Embora o estudo histológico dos corações chagásicos mostrasse lesões dos gânglios atriais, a contagem dos neurônios em cortes seriados, não apresentou redução numérica significativa dos mesmos.

  11. Meta-Analysis: Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Lipid Profiles in Normal to Mildly Hypercholesterolemic Individuals.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mikiko Shimizu

    Full Text Available Recent experimental and clinical studies have suggested that probiotic supplementation has beneficial effects on serum lipid profiles. However, there are conflicting results on the efficacy of probiotic preparations in reducing serum cholesterol.To evaluate the effects of probiotics on human serum lipid levels, we conducted a meta-analysis of interventional studies.Eligible reports were obtained by searches of electronic databases. We included randomized, controlled clinical trials comparing probiotic supplementation with placebo or no treatment (control. Statistical analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.3.3. Subanalyses were also performed.Eleven of 33 randomized clinical trials retrieved were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. No participant had received any cholesterol-lowering agent. Probiotic interventions (including fermented milk products and probiotics produced changes in total cholesterol (TC (mean difference -0.17 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.27 to -0.07 mmol/L and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C (mean difference -0.22 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.30 to -0.13 mmol/L. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels did not differ significantly between probiotic and control groups. In subanalysis, long-term (> 4-week probiotic intervention was statistically more effective in decreasing TC and LDL-C than short-term (≤ 4-week intervention. The decreases in TC and LDL-C levels with probiotic intervention were greater in mildly hypercholesterolemic than in normocholesterolemic individuals. Both fermented milk product and probiotic preparations decreased TC and LDL-C levels. Gaio and the Lactobacillus acidophilus strain reduced TC and LDL-C levels to a greater extent than other bacterial strains.In conclusion, this meta-analysis showed that probiotic supplementation could be useful in the primary prevention of hypercholesterolemia and may lead to reductions in risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

  12. Doença celíaca em tratamento: avaliação da densidade mineral óssea Celiac disease under treatment: evaluation of bone mineral density

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cecília Noronha de Miranda Carvalho

    2003-08-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: comparar a densidade mineral óssea de crianças e adolescentes com doença celíaca em tratamento com controles sadios, e avaliar exames laboratoriais relacionados com o metabolismo do cálcio. MÉTODOS: foram estudados 30 pacientes com doença celíaca em dieta isenta de glúten, 17 crianças e 13 adolescentes, e 23 indivíduos saudáveis. Todos os pacientes e controles realizaram a densidade mineral óssea (DEXA, Lunar. Os pacientes realizaram dosagem sérica de cálcio total, cálcio ionizado, fósforo, magnésio, fosfatase alcalina e paratormônio. RESULTADOS: a média de peso, estatura e densidade mineral óssea dos adolescentes com doença celíaca foi menor do que dos controles (pOBJECTIVE: the present study was designed to compare the bone mineral density of children and adolescents with celiac disease to the bone mineral density of controls, and to evaluate laboratory analysis of calcium metabolism of celiac disease patients. METHODS: thirty celiac disease patients (17 children, 13 adolescents, on a gluten-free diet, and 23 healthy subjects were studied. Tests of bone mineral density of the lumbar spine (DEXA, Lunar were performed in all patients and controls. Laboratory analysis of calcium metabolism was performed in all patients. RESULTS: mean weight and height of adolescents with celiac disease were lower than mean weight and height of controls (p<0.05. Bone mineral density in adolescents with celiac disease was significantly reduced if compared to controls (p=0.015, whereas no significant difference was found among children with celiac disease and controls. The number of adolescents who had started a gluten-free diet after the age of 2 years was higher than in children (p=0.003. Serum levels of ionized calcium, total calcium and parathormone were normal. CONCLUSIONS: the one mineral density of adolescents with celiac disease was lower than controls; whereas, no difference was found between the bone mineral density of

  13. Nutritional Supplements for Strength Power Athletes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wilborn, Colin

    Over the last decade research involving nutritional supplementation and sport performance has increased substantially. Strength and power athletes have specific needs to optimize their performance. Nutritional supplementation cannot be viewed as a replacement for a balanced diet but as an important addition to it. However, diet and supplementation are not mutually exclusive, nor does one depend on the other. Strength and power athletes have four general areas of supplementation needs. First, strength athletes need supplements that have a direct effect on performance. The second group of supplements includes those that promote recovery. The third group comprises the supplements that enhance immune function. The last group of supplements includes those that provide energy or have a direct effect on the workout. This chapter reviews the key supplements needed to optimize the performance and training of the strength athlete.

  14. Impact of supplemental instruction leader on the success of supplemental instruction model

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mahabaduge, Hasitha; Haslam, Jeanne

    Supplemental instruction utilizes peer-assisted study sessions to provide review sessions on course material and an opportunity to discuss and work out problems. The impact of supplemental instruction on student performance is well researched and used in a large number of universities around the world due to its proven success. However, the impact of the student leader who plays a significant role in this model is rarely discussed in the literature. We present a case study on the impact of student leader on the success of supplemental instruction model. This case study was done for an Introductory Physics course correlating student performance and the supplemental instruction sessions they attended. Further analysis revealed that the academic performance and work ethics of the student leader has a significant impact on the success of the supplemental instruction model. Important factors to consider when selecting a student leader, the challenges and possible remedies will also be discussed.

  15. Effects of zinc supplementation on Shiga toxin 2e-producing Escherichia coli in vitro.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Uemura, Ryoko; Katsuge, Tomoko; Sasaki, Yosuke; Goto, Shinya; Sueyoshi, Masuo

    2017-10-07

    Swine edema disease is caused by Shiga toxin (Stx) 2e-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Addition of highly concentrated zinc formulations to feed has been used to treat and prevent the disease, but the mechanism of the beneficial effect is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of highly concentrated zinc formulations on bacterial growth, hemolysin production, and an Stx2e release by STEC in vitro. STEC strain MVH269 isolated from a piglet with edema disease was cultured with zinc oxide (ZnO) or with zinc carbonate (ZnCO 3 ), each at up to 3,000 ppm. There was no effect of zinc addition on bacterial growth. Nonetheless, the cytotoxic activity of Stx2e released into the supernatant was significantly attenuated in the zinc-supplemented media compared to that in the control, with the 50% cytotoxic dose values of 163.2 ± 12.7, 211.6 ± 33.1 and 659.9 ± 84.2 after 24 hr of growth in the presence of ZnO, ZnCO 3 , or no supplemental zinc, respectively. The hemolytic zones around colonies grown on sheep blood agar supplemented with zinc were significantly smaller than those of colonies grown on control agar. Similarly, hemoglobin absorbance after exposure to the supernatants of STEC cultures incubated in sheep blood broth supplemented with zinc was significantly lower than that resulting from exposure to the control supernatant. These in vitro findings indicated that zinc formulations directly impair the factors associated with the virulence of STEC, suggesting a mechanism by which zinc supplementation prevents swine edema disease.

  16. Effect of yeast strain and some nutritional factors on tannin composition and potential astringency of model wines.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rinaldi, Alessandra; Blaiotta, Giuseppe; Aponte, Maria; Moio, Luigi

    2016-02-01

    Nine Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultures, isolated from different sources, were tested for their ability to reduce tannins reactive towards salivary proteins, and potentially responsible for wine astringency. Strains were preliminary genetically characterized and evaluated for physiological features of technological interest. Laboratory-scale fermentations were performed in three synthetic media: CT) containing enological grape tannin; CTP) CT supplemented with organic nitrogen sources; CTPV) CTP supplemented with vitamins. Adsorption of total tannins, tannins reactive towards salivary proteins, yellow pigments, phenolics having antioxidant activity, and total phenols, characterizing the enological tannin, was determined by spectrophotometric methods after fermentation. The presence of vitamins and peptones in musts greatly influenced the adsorption of tannins reactive towards salivary proteins (4.24 g/L gallic acid equivalent), thus promoting the reduction of the potential astringency of model wines. With reference to the different phenolic classes, yeast strains showed different adsorption abilities. From a technological point of view, the yeast choice proved to be crucial in determining changes in gustative and mouthfeel profile of red wines and may assist winemakers to modulate colour and astringency of wine. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  17. Discordância de apresentação da doença celíaca em gêmeos monozigóticos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Magda Bahia

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available CONTEXTO: A doença celíaca é uma enteropatia autoimune causada pela sensibilidade ao glúten em indivíduos geneticamente predispostos. Apesar da característica genética da doença, estudos demonstram discordância de 30% na sua apresentação em gêmeos monozigóticos. OBJETIVO: Apresentar dois pares de gêmeos monozigóticos, comprovados por estudos genéticos, discordantes para apresentação da doença celíaca. MÉTODO: Os pacientes foram acompanhados no Serviço de Gastroenterologia Pediátrica do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais desde 1990, sendo submetidos a exames clínicos periódicos, biopsias intestinais e sorologia para anticorpos IgG e IgA antigliadina, determinados pela técnica de ELISA (ensaio imunoenzimático, e anticorpos classe IgA antiendomísio, determinados pela técnica de imunofluorescência indireta. Estudos genéticos foram realizados através da técnica de amplificação por PCR e posterior tipagem de loci de microssatélites do tipo STR (short tandem repeats. RESULTADOS: Em cada par de gêmeos, apenas um apresentou doença celíaca até o momento, mostrando que, apesar do genótipo idêntico, este não foi o único determinante para a expressão da doença. CONCLUSÃO: Outros fatores, ambientais e genéticos, parecem contribuir para determinação da doença.CONTEXT: The celiac disease is an immune-mediated enteropathy caused by a permanent sensitivity to gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite the genetic characteristic of the disease, studies show discrepancy of 30% in its presentation in monozygotic twins. OBJECTIVE: To present two pairs of monozygotic confirmed by genetic study and discordant for presentation of celiac disease. METHODS: The patients were followed up at the Pediatric Gastroenterology Service - Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil, since 1990, and were submitted to periodical clinical examinations, intestinal

  18. Genetic strain and diet effects on grazing behavior, pasture intake, and milk production.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sheahan, A J; Kolver, E S; Roche, J R

    2011-07-01

    Understanding how dairy cows adjust their grazing behavior in response to feed supplements is important for the development of management strategies that optimize profit from supplementation. New Zealand Holstein-Friesian (HF) cows have been selected for milk production on a predominantly pasture-based diet; in comparison, HF cows of North American (NA) ancestry have been selected almost exclusively for milk yield and fed diets high in nonfiber carbohydrates (NFC). We hypothesized, therefore, that supplementation would have differing effects on grazing behavior, pasture dry matter intake (DMI), and milk production in these genetic strains at peak, mid, and late lactation. A study was conducted over 2 consecutive lactations, with NA and NZ cows randomly allocated at calving to 0, 3, or 6 kg of dry matter/day concentrate plus unrestricted access to pasture. Pasture DMI, milk production, and grazing behavior were recorded at peak, mid, and late lactation. Concentrates were fed in equal amounts at morning and afternoon milking. The NA cows produced more milk and milk components, and had a greater pasture DMI, despite spending less time grazing. Declines in time spent grazing and pasture DMI were associated with increasing concentrate DMI. Grazing behavior following morning supplementation was different from that recorded following afternoon supplementation. Grazing ceased following morning supplementation before rumen fill could be a limiting factor, and the length of the grazing interval was inversely proportional to the amount of concentrate offered; these results suggest that physiological rather than physical stimuli were responsible for grazing cessation. The decrease in time spent grazing with increasing concentrate DMI is consistent with changes in neuroendocrine factors secreted in response to the presence of food in the digestive tract or with circulating products of digestion. After afternoon supplementation, sunset signaled the end of grazing irrespective of

  19. Estudio de la enfermedad celíaca mediante el desarrollo de un ensayo inmunocromatográfico para la determinación de anticuerpos antitransglutaminasa

    OpenAIRE

    Galván Cabrera, José Armando

    2012-01-01

    En el presente trabajo se muestran los resultados del desarrollo y la evaluación de un sistema inmunocromatográfico rápido y sencillo para la detección de anticuerpos antitransglutaminasa, que es un importante marcador serológico en el diagnóstico de la enfermedad celíaca (EC). Con este sistema se pueden detectar en una misma prueba tanto anticuerpos de tipo IgA como IgG. Se obtuvieron niveles de sensibilidad, especificidad y concordancia elevados cuando se compararon con la biopsia de yeyuno...

  20. Avaliação da função pulmonar em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea Evaluación de la función pulmonar en pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca con circulación extracorpórea Evaluation of pulmonary function in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ricardo Antonio Guimarães Barbosa

    2002-11-01

    Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: As complicações pulmonares permanecem como um grande problema no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea (CEC. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar as alterações da função pulmonar ocorridas em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca de revascularização miocárdica, comparando-os àqueles submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca de troca valvar. MÉTODO: Quinze pacientes submetidos à revascularização (Grupo RM e 15 pacientes submetidos à troca valvar (Grupo TV foram avaliados através da relação entre a pressão arterial de oxigênio e sua fração inspirada (PaO2/FiO2, do gradiente alvéolo-arterial de oxigênio (GA-aO2, do shunt pulmonar, da PEEP de melhor complacência e da complacência estática, avaliados no pré-operatório, após a indução da anestesia, 1, 3 e 6 horas de pós-operatório e no 1º e 2º dias de pós-operatório. Os dados foram analisados através da análise de variância para medidas repetidas (p JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: Las complicaciones pulmonares permanecen como un grande problema en el pós-operatorio de cirugía cardíaca con circulación extracorpórea (CEC. El objetivo de este actual estudio fue evaluar las alteraciones de la función pulmonar ocurridas en pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca de revascularización miocárdica, comparándolos a aquellos sometidos a cirugía cardíaca de cambio valvar. MÉTODO: Quince pacientes sometidos a revascularización (Grupo RM y 15 pacientes sometidos a cambio valvar (Grupo TV fueron evaluados a través de la relación entre la presión arterial de oxígeno y su fracción inspirada (PaO2/FiO2, del gradiente alvéolo-arterial de oxígeno (GA-aO2, del shunt pulmonar, de la PEEP de mejor Complacencia y de la Complacencia Estática, evaluados en el pré-operatorio, después de la inducción de la anestesia, 1, 3 y 6 horas de pós-operatorio y en el 1º y 2º dias de pós-operatorio. Los datos fueron

  1. Fermentation of biomass sugars to ethanol using native industrial yeast strains.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yuan, Dawei; Rao, Kripa; Relue, Patricia; Varanasi, Sasidhar

    2011-02-01

    In this paper, the feasibility of a technology for fermenting sugar mixtures representative of cellulosic biomass hydrolyzates with native industrial yeast strains is demonstrated. This paper explores the isomerization of xylose to xylulose using a bi-layered enzyme pellet system capable of sustaining a micro-environmental pH gradient. This ability allows for considerable flexibility in conducting the isomerization and fermentation steps. With this method, the isomerization and fermentation could be conducted sequentially, in fed-batch, or simultaneously to maximize utilization of both C5 and C6 sugars and ethanol yield. This system takes advantage of a pH-dependent complexation of xylulose with a supplemented additive to achieve up to 86% isomerization of xylose at fermentation conditions. Commercially-proven Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains from the corn-ethanol industry were used and shown to be very effective in implementation of the technology for ethanol production. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  2. Efeito do carvedilol a curto prazo na atividade simpática cardíaca pela cintilografia com 123I-MIBG Effects of short-term carvedilol on the cardiac sympathetic activity assessed by 123I-MIBG scintigraphy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sandra Marina Ribeiro de Miranda

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Alterações autonômicas na insuficiência cardíaca estão associadas a um aumento da morbimortalidade. Vários métodos não invasivos têm sido empregados para avaliar a função simpática, incluindo a imagem cardíaca com 123I-MIBG. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a atividade simpática cardíaca, por meio da cintilografia com 123I-MIBG, antes e após três meses de terapia com carvedilol em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção do VE BACKGROUND: Autonomic alterations in heart failure are associated with an increase in morbimortality. Several noninvasive methods have been employed to evaluate the sympathetic function, including the Meta-Iodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG scintigraphy imaging of the heart. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the cardiac sympathetic activity through 123I-MIBG scintigraphy, before and after three months of carvedilol therapy in patients with heart failure and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF < 45%. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixteen patients, aged 56.3 ± 12.6 years (11 males, with a mean LVEF of 28% ± 8% and no previous use of beta-blockers were recruited for the study. Images of the heart innervation were acquired with 123I-MIBG, and the serum levels of catecholamines (epinephrine, dopamine and norepinephrine were measured; the radioisotope ventriculography (RIV was performed before and after a three-month therapy with carvedilol. RESULTS: Patients' functional class showed improvement: before the treatment, 50% of the patients were FC II and 50% were FC III. After 3 months, 7 patients were FC I (43.8% and 9 were FC II (56.2%, (p = 0.0001. The mean LVEF assessed by RIV increased from 29% to 33% (p = 0.017. There was no significant variation in cardiac adrenergic activity assessed by 123I-MIBG (early and late resting images and washout rate. No significant variation was observed regarding the measurement of catecholamines. CONCLUSION: The short-term treatment with carvedilol promoted the clinical

  3. Gradiente de riesgo genético HLA-DQ para diabetes tipo 1 y enfermedad celíaca en el noroeste de México

    OpenAIRE

    Mejía-León, M.E.; Ruiz-Dyck, K.M.; Calderón de la Barca, A.M.

    2015-01-01

    Antecedentes: La diabetes tipo 1 (DT1) y la enfermedad celíaca (EC) son 2 enfermedades autoinmunes frecuentes en la infancia y comparten su predisposición genética (HLA-DQ2 y DQ8). La prevalencia de ambas se ha incrementado en el mundo. En el estado de Sonora (15 habitantes/km2), se desconoce información sobre su riesgo genético o la distribución de los alelos asociados en la población general. Objetivo: Comparar la frecuencia alélica HLA-DQ de una muestra representativa de recién nacidos ...

  4. Dietary supplements for football.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hespel, P; Maughan, R J; Greenhaff, P L

    2006-07-01

    Physical training and competition in football markedly increase the need for macro- and micronutrient intake. This requirement can generally be met by dietary management without the need for dietary supplements. In fact, the efficacy of most supplements available on the market is unproven. In addition, players must be cautious of inadequate product labelling and supplement impurities that may cause a positive drug test. Nonetheless, a number of dietary supplements may beneficially affect football performance. A high endurance capacity is a prerequisite for optimal match performance, particularly if extra time is played. In this context, the potential of low-dose caffeine ingestion (2 - 5 mg . kg body mass(-1)) to enhance endurance performance is well established. However, in the case of football, care must be taken not to overdose because visual information processing might be impaired. Scoring and preventing goals as a rule requires production of high power output. Dietary creatine supplementation (loading dose: 15 - 20 g . day(-1), 4 - 5 days; maintenance dose: 2 - 5 g g . day(-1)) has been found to increase muscle power output, especially during intermittent sprint exercises. Furthermore, creatine intake can augment muscle adaptations to resistance training. Team success and performance also depend on player availability, and thus injury prevention and health maintenance. Glucosamine or chondroitin may be useful in the treatment of joint pain and osteoarthritis, but there is no evidence to support the view that the administration of these supplements will be preventative. Ephedra-containing weight-loss cocktails should certainly be avoided due to reported adverse health effects and positive doping outcomes. Finally, the efficacy of antioxidant or vitamin C intake in excess of the normal recommended dietary dose is equivocal. Responses to dietary supplements can vary substantially between individuals, and therefore the ingestion of any supplement must be assessed

  5. Aneurisma de la vena de Galeno como causa de falla cardíaca Galen's vein aneurysm as cause of heart failure

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudia Echeverría

    2005-04-01

    Full Text Available Se presenta el caso de un recién nacido que ingresa a cuidado intensivo con un cuadro de falla cardiaca de difícil manejo con ductus arterioso de gran tamaño, a quien se le realizó cierre quirúrgico del mismo y pese a ello persistía con clínica de falla cardiaca que no mejoraba con tratamiento médico. Se hizo un hallazgo incidental de un aneurisma de la vena de Galeno de gran tamaño. El aneurisma de la vena de Galeno es una patología congénita poco frecuente que se origina de un defecto en la fusión de las venas cerebrales internas, debido a la baja resistencia produce un cuadro de falla cardiaca de alto gasto. Los defectos de gran tamaño pueden contener entre 50% a 60% del gasto cardiaco. Se debe sospechar aneurisma en todo recién nacido o lactante menor con cuadro de falla cardíaca y dilatación de cavidades derechas sin evidencia de anomalía cardíaca estructural.We present the case of a newborn admitted to the intensive care unit with a heart failure of difficult medical management. A large ductus arteriosus was found. It was surgically corrected, but the heart failure persisted and did not improve with medical treatment. Incidentally, a big Galen's vein aneurysm was found. Galen's vein aneurysm is a rare congenital pathology, originated by a fusion defect of the internal cerebral veins. Due to its low resistance, it produces a picture of high-output heart failure. Large defects may contain 50% to 60% of cardiac output. An aneurysm may be suspected in each newborn or infant with clinical picture of heart failure and right cardiac chamber dilation without any evidence of structural cardiac anomaly.

  6. Doença celíaca: sua relação com a saúde bucal Celiac disease's relationship with the oral health

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michelle Soares Rauen

    2005-04-01

    Full Text Available Doença Celíaca é uma intolerância permanente às proteínas contidas no glúten de alguns cereais, como o trigo, o centeio, a cevada e a aveia. A doença manifesta-se principalmente nos primeiros dois anos de vida, sendo o intestino delgado o principal órgão afetado, com manifestações clínicas de diarréia, vômitos e emagrecimento; porém, o diagnóstico, muitas vezes, é difícil, devido ao grande número de casos atípicos da doença. Nestes casos, os sintomas podem ser numerosos e diversificados, tais como baixa estatura, anemia, osteoporose, hipoplasia do esmalte dentário, além de sintomas próprios do quadro clínico de outras doenças imunológicas que podem associar-se à doença celíaca, tais como diabetes mellitus, dermatite herpertiforme, doenças da tireóide, alergia, estomatite aftosa recorrente, entre outras. Devido a essa associação, os profissionais da saúde procurados pelos pacientes podem não relacionar os sintomas à enteropatia; entretanto, esta, se não tratada, pode trazer várias outras complicações à saúde. O objetivo desta comunicação é demonstrar a importância das manifestações bucais, as quais, quando devidamente observadas, contribuem ao diagnóstico da doença celíaca.Celiac Disease is a permanent intolerance to proteins contained in the gluten of some cereals, such as wheat, rye, barley and oat. The disease appears mainly during the first two years of life, the small bowel being the main affected organ, with clinical manifestations such as diarrhea, vomiting and weight loss. The diagnosis, however, is often difficult, due to the large number of atypical manifestations of the disease. In such cases, numerous and diversified symptoms, such as low stature, anemia, osteoporosis, and dental enamel hypoplasia, may be concurrent with symptoms of immune diseases associated to the celiac disease (diabetes mellitus, dermatitis herpetiformis, thyroid diseases, allergy, and recurrent aphtous

  7. Herbs, Supplements and Alternative Medicines

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... A A Listen En Español Herbs, Supplements and Alternative Medicines It is best to get vitamins and minerals ... this section Medication Other Treatments Herbs, Supplements, and Alternative Medicines Types of Dietary Supplements Side Effects and Drug ...

  8. SCREENING OF SELECTED OLEAGINOUS YEASTS FOR LIPID PRODUCTION FROM GLYCEROL AND SOME FACTORS WHICH AFFECT LIPID PRODUCTION BY YARROWIA LIPOLYTICA STRAINS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Salinee Sriwongchai

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available The ability of eight yeast strains to utilize glycerol as a sole carbon source and accumulate lipids in a chemically defined medium was screened. Among the yeasts, Yarrowia lipolytica strains DSM 70561 and JDC 335 grew to high cell densities on glycerol. These strains were further tested for lipid accumulation under varying nutritional conditions in Erlenmeyer flasks. The results showed that strains DSM 70561 and JDC 335 accumulated lipids up to 37.1 % and 54.4 % of total cell dry weight, respectively, when the defined medium was supplemented with 1 g/L urea and 2 g/L yeast extract. The lipids accumulated by the two yeasts contained a high proportion of C16:0, C18:1, C18:2 and C18:0 fatty acids. The results suggest that Y. lipolytica strains DSM 70561 and JDC 335 have the potential for converting crude glycerol into fatty acids which can in turn be utilized as substrate for biodiesel production.

  9. Effect of Bifidobacterium breve M-16V supplementation on fecal bifidobacteria in preterm neonates--a randomised double blind placebo controlled trial.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sanjay Patole

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Probiotic supplementation significantly reduces the risk of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC and all cause mortality in preterm neonates. Independent quality assessment is important before introducing routine probiotic supplementation in this cohort. AIM: To assess product quality, and confirm that Bifidobacterium breve (B. breve M-16V supplementation will increase fecal B. breve counts without adverse effects. METHODS AND PARTICIPANTS: Strain identity (16S rRNA gene sequencing, viability over 2 year shelf-life were confirmed, and microbial contamination of the product was ruled out. In a controlled trial preterm neonates (Gestation <33 weeks ready to commence or on feeds for <12 hours were randomly allocated to either B. breve M-16V (3×109 cfu/day or placebo (dextrin supplementation until the corrected age 37 weeks. Stool samples were collected before (S1 and after 3 weeks of supplementation (S2 for studying fecal B. breve levels using quantitative PCR (Primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included total fecal bifidobacteria and NEC≥Stage II. Categorical and continuous outcomes were analysed using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests, and McNemar and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for paired comparisons. RESULTS: A total of 159 neonates (Probiotic: 79, Placebo: 80 were enrolled. Maternal and neonatal demographic characteristics were comparable between the groups. The proportion of neonates with detectable B. breve increased significantly post intervention: Placebo: [S1:2/66 (3%, S2: 25/66 (38%, p<0.001] Probiotic: [S1: 29/74 (40%, S2: 67/74 (91%, p<0.001]. Median S1 B. breve counts in both groups were below detection (<4.7 log cells x g(-1, increasing significantly in S2 for the probiotic group (log 8.6 while remaining <4.7 log in the control group (p<0.001. There were no adverse effects including probiotic sepsis and no deaths. NEC≥Stage II occurred in only 1 neonate (placebo group. CONCLUSION: B. breve M-16V is a suitable probiotic

  10. Viability and Stress Response of Putative Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Strains in Honey Environment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Landry, Bemmo Kamdem Ulrich; François, Zambou Ngoufack; Wang, Rui-Yan; Taicheng, Zhu; Li, Yin

    2017-12-01

    Due to problem of preservation of dairy products which serve as a matrix for probiotics, it is challenging to use these probiotics as food supplements in many developing countries. To determine the suitability of the Lactobacillus strains for exploitation as probiotics in honey, we investigated the effect of their storage on the viability, functionality, and the mechanism associated with their protective effect. Three isolates obtained from our laboratory collection were identified through amplification of the 16S rRNA gene. The viability of the strains in honey at different storage conditions was studied. Three genes (hdc, gtf, and clpL) responsible for the resistance of bacteria in acidic environments were screened. SDS-PAGE analysis of total protein was performed to observe protein profile changes of the strains after exposure to honey. All the three isolates, namely, GGU, GLA51, and GLP56, were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum strains. After 28 days of storage in honey at 4 °C, viable cell concentrations of the three strains were higher than 2.04 × 10 6  CFU/ml. During the same period at room temperature, only the Lactobacillus plantarum GLP56 strain remained viable with a cell concentration of 1.86 × 10 4  CFU/ml. The clpL gene coding for ATPase was detected in all the three strains. The protein of molecular weight ~ 50 kDa was absent in the protein profile of Lactobacillus plantarum GGU after 60 days of storage in honey at 4 °C. The Lactobacillus plantarum GLP56, Lactobacillus plantarum GLA51, and Lactobacillus plantarum GGU strains exposed to honey can withstand acidic environmental stress but their viability declines over time.

  11. Hipotermia terapêutica após parada cardíaca: preditores de prognóstico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rodrigo Nazário Leão

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Resumo Objetivo: A determinação do prognóstico de pacientes em coma após parada cardíaca tem implicações clínicas, éticas e sociais. Exame neurológico, marcadores de imagem e bioquímicos são ferramentas úteis e bem aceitas na previsão da recuperação. Com o advento da hipotermia terapêutica, tais informações devem de ser confirmadas. Neste estudo procurou-se determinar a validade de diferentes marcadores que podem ser utilizados na detecção de pacientes com mau prognóstico durante um protocolo de hipotermia. Métodos: Foram coletados prospectivamente os dados de pacientes adultos, internados após parada cardíaca em nossa unidade de terapia intensiva para realização de protocolo de hipotermia. Nosso intuito foi realizar um estudo descritivo e analítico para analisar a relação entre os dados clínicos, parâmetros neurofisiológicos, de imagem e bioquímicos, e o desfecho após 6 meses, conforme definido pela escala Cerebral Performance Categories (bom, se 1-2, e mau, se 3-5. Foi coletada uma amostra para determinação de neuroenolase após 72 horas. Os exames de imagem e neurofisiológicos foram realizados 24 horas após o período de reaquecimento. Resultados: Foram incluídos 67 pacientes, dos quais 12 tiveram evolução neurológica favorável. Fibrilação ventricular e atividade teta no eletroencefalograma se associaram a bom prognóstico. Pacientes submetidos a resfriamento mais rápido (tempo médio de 163 versus 312 minutos, com lesão cerebral causada por hipóxia/isquemia detectada na ressonância nuclear magnética ou níveis de neuroenolase superiores a 58ng/mL se associaram a desfecho neurológico desfavorável (p < 0,05. Conclusão: A presença de lesão cerebral causada por hipóxia/isquemia e de neuroenolase foram fortes preditores de má evolução neurológica. Apesar da crença de que atingir rapidamente a temperatura alvo da hipotermia melhora o prognóstico neurológico, nosso estudo demonstrou

  12. Will Medicare Advantage payment reforms impact plan rebates and enrollment?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nicholas, Lauren Hersch

    2014-01-01

    To assess the relationship between Medicare Advantage (MA) plan rebates and enrollment and simulate the effects of Affordable Care Act (ACA) payment reforms. First difference regressions of county-level MA payment and enrollment data from CMS from 2006 to 2010. A $10 decrease in the per member/per month rebate to MA plans was associated with a 0.20 percentage point (0.9%) decrease in MA penetration (P penetration and a 10% decrease in risk score. ACA reforms are predicted to reduce the level of rebates in lower-spending counties, leading to enrollment decreases of 1.7 to 1.9 percentage points in the lowest-spending counties. The simulation predicts that the disenrollment would come from MA enrollees with higher risk scores. MA enrollment responds to availability of supplemental benefits supported by rebates. ACA provisions designed to lower MA spending will predominantly affect Medicare beneficiaries living in counties where MA plans may be unable to offer a comparable product at a price similar to that of traditional Medicare.

  13. Why US children use dietary supplements

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bailey, Regan L.; Gahche, Jaime J.; Thomas, Paul R.; Dwyer, Johanna T.

    2013-01-01

    Background: Dietary supplements are used by one-third of children. We examined motivations for supplement use in children, the types of products used by motivations, and the role of physicians and health care practitioners in guiding choices about supplements. Methods: We examined motivations for dietary supplement use reported for children (from birth to 19 y of age; n = 8,245) using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2010. Results: Dietary supplements were used by 31% of children; many different reasons were given as follows: to “improve overall health” (41%), to “maintain health” (37%), for “supplementing the diet” (23%), to “prevent health problems” (20%), and to “boost immunity” (14%). Most children (~90%) who use dietary supplements use a multivitamin–mineral or multivitamin product. Supplement users tend to be non-Hispanic white, have higher family incomes, report more physical activity, and have health insurance. Only a small group of supplements used by children (15%) were based on the recommendation of a physician or other health care provider. Conclusion: Most supplements used by children are not under the recommendation of a health care provider. The most common reasons for use of supplements in children are for health promotion, yet little scientific data support this notion in nutrient-replete children. PMID:24002333

  14. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2002

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2002 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  15. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2010

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2010 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  16. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2007

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2007 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  17. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2001

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2001 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  18. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2016

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2016 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  19. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2011

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2011 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  20. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2005

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2005 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  1. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2015

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2015 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  2. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2003

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2003 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  3. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2017

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2017 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  4. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2008

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2008 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  5. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2014

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2014 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  6. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2004

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2004 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  7. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2000

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2000 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  8. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2009

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2009 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  9. Annual Statistical Supplement, 2006

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2006 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

  10. NECESSIDADES HUMANAS BÁSICAS AFETADAS EM UM GRUPO DE PACIENTES EM PÓS-OPERATÓRIO DE CIRURGIA CARDÍACA, NA UTI

    OpenAIRE

    Pagliuca, Lorita Marlena Freitag

    1988-01-01

    Aplicação do processo de enfermagem proposto por HORTA2 a um grupo de 50 pacientes em pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, na UTI. Fo ram identificadas como afetadas, as necessidades de terapêutica, circulação, equilíbrio hidroeletrolítico, equilíbrio ácido-básico, cuidado corporal, oxigenação, integridade cutâneo-mucosa, eliminação urinaria, regulação neurológica, segurança, percepção dolorosa, sono e repouso, motilidade, integridade física, nutrição, regulação térmica, hormonal e imunológic...

  11. Cirurgia cardíaca na gravidez Cardiac surgery during pregnancy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antoninho Sanfins Arnoni

    1986-08-01

    Full Text Available No Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, vem sendo realizado, desde 1975, um trabalho conjunto reunindo obstetras, pediatras, cardiologistas, anestesistas e cirurgiões cardiovasculares, com o intuito de melhorar os resultados da cirurgia cardíaca realizada em pacientes grávidas. Para isto, organizamos um protocolo, que inclui desde o pré-operatório até o nascimento da criança, passando por estudos ecocardiográficos, ultrassonográficos e por monitorização fetal durante a cirurgia. Vinte e seis pacientes foram operadas durante a gravidez, sendo 6 delas em 1985, após o início do estudo. Os resultados, tanto do lado materno como do fetal, são bons, não ocorrendo nenhum óbito materno nesta série e com as crianças nascendo bem e sem malformações e com crescimento e desenvolvimento normais, até o 6º mês de vida extra-uterina.At the Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, a team project has been carried out since 1975, including obstetricians, pediatricians, cardiologists, anesthesiologists and cardiovascular surgeons aim at getting better results of cardiac surgery in pregnant women. For this purpose, the group developed a protocol that goes from the preoperative period to the delivery of the baby, with ecocardiographic and ultrasonic studies and fetal monitoring during the cardiac surgery of the mother. Twenty six patients were submited to cardiac surgery during pregnancy, and six patients after beginning the study, in 1985. The maternal and fetal results were good, without maternal death and the children were born without malformations and having had normal development until the sixth month of life.

  12. Efeitos hemodinâmicos da combinação de dexmedetomidina-fentanil versus midazolam-fentanil em crianças submetidas à cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea Efectos hemodinámicos de la combinación de dexmedetomidina-fentanil versus midazolam-fentanil en ninõs sometidos a la cirugía cardíaca con circulación extracorpórea Hemodynamic effects of the combination of dexmedetomidine-fentanyl versus midazolam-fentanyl in children undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jyrson Guilherme Klamt

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a eficácia da infusão combinada de dexmedetomidina e fentanil na resposta hemodinâmica durante cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea (CEC em crianças. MÉTODO: Trinta e duas crianças com idade entre 1 mês e 10 anos, agendadas para cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea, foram distribuídas de modo aleatório em dois grupos: o Grupo MDZ recebeu midazolam 0,2 mg.kg-1.h-1, enquanto o Grupo DEX recebeu dexmedetomidina 1 µg.kg-1.h-1 durante uma hora e, em seguida, o ritmo de infusão foi reduzido à metade em ambos os grupos. Ambos os grupos receberam fentanil 10 µg.kg-1, midazolam 0,2 mg.h-1 e vecurônio 0,2 mg.kg-1 para indução da anestesia. As mesmas doses de fentanil com vecurônio da indução foram infundidas durante a primeira hora após a indução e, em seguida, reduzidas à metade. As infusões foram iniciadas imediatamente após a indução e mantidas até o final da cirurgia. O isoflurano foi administrado por curto tempo para controle da resposta hiperdinâmica à incisão e esternotomia. RESULTADOS: Em ambos os grupos, a pressão arterial sistólica e a frequência cardíaca reduziram de modo significativo após uma hora de infusão anestésica, porém o aumento da pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica e da frequência cardíaca à incisão da pele foram significantemente menores no Grupo DEX. Um número significativamente menor de pacientes demandaram suplementação com isoflurano no Grupo DEX. Após a CEC, os pacientes de ambos os grupos tiveram respostas hemodinâmicas similares. CONCLUSÕES: A infusão sem bolus de dexmedetomidina parece ser um adjuvante efetivo do fentanil na promoção de sedação e controle das respostas hemodinâmicas durante cirurgia para cardiopatias congênitas em crianças.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la eficacia de la infusión combinada de dexmedetomidina y fentanil en la respuesta hedominámica durante la cirugía cardíaca

  13. Prevalência de marcadores de trombofilia em pacientes portadores da síndrome de May-Thurner e trombose de veia ilíaca comum esquerda Prevalence of thrombophilia factors in patients with May-Thurner syndrome and left common iliac vein thrombosis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcos Arêas Marques

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available CONTEXTO: A relação entre trombose venosa profunda e trombofilia tem sido pouco estudada em indivíduos portadores de compressão da veia ilíaca comum esquerda, conhecida clinicamente como síndrome de May-Thurner. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de marcadores de trombofilia nos pacientes portadores de síndrome de May-Thurner e trombose de veia ilíaca comum esquerda. MÉTODOS: Entre março de 1999 e dezembro de 2008, 20 pacientes com síndrome de May-Thurner e trombose de veia ilíaca comum esquerda foram avaliados retrospectivamente quanto à presença de marcadores de trombofilia. RESULTADOS: Foi detectada a associação entre síndrome de May-Thurner e marcadores de trombofilia em 8 pacientes (40%. CONCLUSÃO: A presença de marcadores de trombofilia em pacientes com trombose de veia ilíaca comum esquerda e síndrome de May-Thurner é frequente, porém não difere da prevalência encontrada em pacientes portadores de trombose venosa profunda sem a síndrome associada.BACKGROUND: The relationship between deep venous thrombosis and thrombophilia has been little studied in patients with left common iliac vein compression, clinically known as May-Thurner syndrome. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of thrombophilia markers in patients with May-Thurner syndrome and left common iliac vein thrombosis. METHODS: From March 1999 to December 2008, 20 patients with May-Thurner syndrome and left common iliac vein thrombosis were retrospectively investigated for the presence of thrombophilia markers. RESULTS: The association between May-Thurner syndrome and thrombophilia markers was found in 8 patients (40%. CONCLUSION: There is a high prevalence of thrombophilia markers in patients with May-Thurner syndrome and left common iliac vein thrombosis. The prevalence, however, is not different from that found in patients with deep venous thrombosis without May-Thurner syndrome.

  14. Tratamiento de aorta abdominal e ilíacas con técnica endovascular: Experiencia quirúrgica Treatment of abdominal aorta and iliac arteries with endovascular technique

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan G Barrera

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available Antecedentes: desde 1991 la técnica endovascular se ha aplicado con éxito en el manejo de los aneurismas de aorta infrarrenal, y se ha perfeccionado de manera tal que rápidamente se ha convertido en una alternativa para pacientes de alto riesgo para la cirugía convencional. Objetivo: describir los resultados institucionales en el manejo de las patologías de aorta abdominal e ilíacas mediante técnica endovascular desde 2003 a 2005. Diseño-Método: estudio descriptivo, longitudinal, retrospectivo, en el que se analizaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes sometidos a procedimiento endovascular de aorta abdominal e ilíacas. El análisis se realizó en Stata 8,0 S/E. Resultados: a 9 pacientes se les realizó exclusivamente manejo de lesiones en aorta abdominal e ilíacas. Todos los pacientes del estudio fueron hombres con edad media de 68,9 + 8,1 años. Los diagnósticos fueron aneurisma de aorta infrarrenal en 6 pacientes y aneurismas anastomóticos en los 3 restantes. Se evidenció requerimiento de endoprótesis en promedio de 1,9 + 0,8. Se realizó puente femoro-femoral como procedimiento simultáneo en 4 de los 9 pacientes. El 77,8% de los pacientes no tuvo complicaciones. La mortalidad por el procedimiento alcanzó el 22% (2 pacientes, si bien cabe anotar que las complicaciones se presentaron sólo en esos dos pacientes. Conclusiones: la exclusión de aneurismas de aorta y de ilíacas con endoprótesis modulares, se está implementando ampliamente como una opción válida de tratamiento, con resultados excelentes que evitan los riesgos de la intervención convencional y la morbilidad asociada.Antecedents: since 1991 endovascular technique has been successfully used in the management of infra-renal aortic aneurysms and it has been improved in such a way that it has quickly turned into an alternative for patients considered having high risk for conventional surgery. Objective: describe the institutional results in the management of

  15. Vitamin C–enriched gelatin supplementation before intermittent activity augments collagen synthesis12

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shaw, Gregory; Lee-Barthel, Ann; Ross, Megan LR; Wang, Bing; Baar, Keith

    2017-01-01

    Background: Musculoskeletal injuries are the most common complaint in active populations. More than 50% of all injuries in sports can be classified as sprains, strains, ruptures, or breaks of musculoskeletal tissues. Nutritional and/or exercise interventions that increase collagen synthesis and strengthen these tissues could have an important effect on injury rates. Objective: This study was designed to determine whether gelatin supplementation could increase collagen synthesis. Design: Eight healthy male subjects completed a randomized, double-blinded, crossover-design study in which they consumed either 5 or 15 g of vitamin C–enriched gelatin or a placebo control. After the initial drink, blood was taken every 30 min to determine amino acid content in the blood. A larger blood sample was taken before and 1 h after consumption of gelatin for treatment of engineered ligaments. One hour after the initial supplement, the subjects completed 6 min of rope-skipping to stimulate collagen synthesis. This pattern of supplementation was repeated 3 times/d with ≥6 h between exercise bouts for 3 d. Blood was drawn before and 4, 24, 48, and 72 h after the first exercise bout for determination of amino-terminal propeptide of collagen I content. Results: Supplementation with increasing amounts of gelatin increased circulating glycine, proline, hydroxyproline, and hydroxylysine, peaking 1 h after the supplement was given. Engineered ligaments treated for 6 d with serum from samples collected before or 1 h after subjects consumed a placebo or 5 or 15 g gelatin showed increased collagen content and improved mechanics. Subjects who took 15 g gelatin 1 h before exercise showed double the amino-terminal propeptide of collagen I in their blood, indicating increased collagen synthesis. Conclusion: These data suggest that adding gelatin to an intermittent exercise program improves collagen synthesis and could play a beneficial role in injury prevention and tissue repair. This trial

  16. Supplement consumption in body builder athletes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Karimian, Jahangir; Esfahani, Parivash Shekarchizadeh

    2011-01-01

    BACKGROUND: Widespread use of supplements is observed among world athletes in different fields. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and determinants of using supplements among body builder athletes. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 men and 250 women from 30 different bodybuilding clubs. Participants were asked to complete a self-administered standardized anonymous check-list. RESULTS: Forty nine percent of the respondents declared supplement use. Men were more likely to take supplements than women (86.8% vs. 11.2%, p = 0.001). Reasons for using supplements were reported to be for health (45%), enhancing the immune system (40%) and improving athletic performance (25%). Most athletes (72%) had access to a nutritionist but underused this resource. Coaches (65%) had the greatest influence on supplementation practices followed by nutritionists (30%) and doctors (25%) after them. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of supplement use among bodybuilders was high. Sex, health-related issues and sport experts were determinant factors of supplement use. PMID:22973330

  17. Assessing patients' attitudes towards dietary supplements.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wierzejska, Regina; Jarosz, Mirosław; Siuba, Magdalena; Rambuszek, Michał

    2014-01-01

    There is currently many over the counter products on the market that exert nutritional or physiological effects on the human body. The differences between dietary supplements and non-prescription drugs are however poorly understood by the average consumer and may thus affect their expectations as to the desired effect produced on the body. To evaluate patients' knowledge and attitudes towards dietary supplements as compared to non-prescription drugs. Subjects were 335 patients of the Mazowiecki Voivodeship Hospital in Warsaw, Poland. The data were collected from a face-to-face interview using a single and multiple choice questionnaire with 10 questions on dietary supplements. Statistical analysis used the Chi-square (χ2) test. The majority of respondents were found to be familiar with the term 'dietary supplements', but had difficulties in classifying these products into appropriate categories. Over 55% do not consider dietary supplements to be foodstuffs and more than 40% considered such products to be drugs. Most respondents thought that the main purpose of taking dietary supplements is to improve nutrition, but over one third expected them to also treat disease. Over 70% declared taking notice to which category the non-prescription products they bought belongs to ie. whether non-prescription drugs (medicinal products) or dietary supplements. Many patients mistakenly believe that dietary supplements are drugs and can be used to treat disease and health disorders. dietary supplements, opinion on dietary supplements, nutrition, dietary supplement vs. medicinal product.

  18. A associação de esteroide anabolizante ao treinamento físico aeróbio leva a alterações morfológicas cardíacas e perda de função ventricular em ratos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Everton Crivoi do Carmo

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: O esteroide anabolizante (EA associado ao treinamento físico induz mudança da hipertrofia cardíaca (HC fisiológica para patológica. Entretanto, esses trabalhos foram realizados com atletas de força, sendo os efeitos do EA associados ao treinamento aeróbio poucos conhecidos. Com isso, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do treinamento aeróbio e dos EA sobre a estrutura e função cardíaca. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 28 ratos Wistar divididos em quatro grupos: sedentários controle (SC, sedentários anabolizante (SA, treinados controle (TC e treinado anabolizante (TA. O EA foi administrado duas vezes por semana (10mg/kg/ semana. O treinamento físico de natação foi realizado durante 10 semanas, cinco sessões semanais. Foram avaliadas a pressão arterial e frequência cardíaca por pletismografia de cauda, função ventricular por ecocardiografia, diâmetro dos cardiomiócitos e fração volume de colágeno por métodos histológicos. RESULTADOS: Não foram observadas diferenças na PA. O grupo TC apresentou redução da frequência cardíaca de repouso após o período experimental, o que não ocorreu no grupo TA. Foram observadas HC de 38% no grupo SA, 52% no grupo TC e de 64% no grupo TA em relação ao grupo SC. O grupo TA apresentou diminuição da função diastólica em relação aos outros grupos. Os grupos treinados apresentaram aumentos significantes no diâmetro dos cardiomiócitos. Os grupos SA e TA apresentaram aumento na fração volume de colágeno em relação aos grupos SC e TC. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados apresentados mostram que o treinamento físico de natação induz a HC, principalmente pelo aumento do colágeno intersticial, o que pode levar a prejuízos da função diastólica.

  19. Growth and fruit body formation of Pleurotus ostreatus on media supplemented with inorganic selenium

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Savić Milena D.

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Selenium is a trace mineral chemically related to sulfur and tellurium. In the body selenium combines with protein molecules to form selenoproteins and it is distributed in low concentrations and unequally in air, soil and water all over the world. Edible mushrooms are known to be selenium accumulators. Since mushrooms contain relatively high protein levels, and they can accumulate large amounts of selenium, it is reasonable to expect that selenium could be incorporated into proteins. The growth of mycelia and fruit body formation of different medicinal mushroom strains of Pleurotus ostreatus (Hk-35 and P70 over the wide range of concentrations of inorganic form of selenium were examined. Mushrooms were cultivated on agar base media and on substrates based on sawdust. Vegetative growths of mycelium were measured as colony diameter in pure cultures supplemented with inorganic form of Se supplements, prepared as Na2SeO4 and Na2SeO3 in concentrations of: 1, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 mg/l. Inorganic form of Se supplements, showed stimulation effects (in concentration of 1-50 mg/l and toxic effects in higher concentration. On the standard industrial sawdust based substrate, supplemented with 100 mg/kg Na2SeO4 and Na2SeO3, accumulation of Se in fruit bodies was determined by the method of flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The readings were performed on Varian SpectrAA-10 spectrophotometer equipped with VGA-76. Se as Na2SeO4 and Na2SeO3 was effectively taken up from substrates and accumulated in fruit bodies. Mushrooms accumulated selenium between 120 and 250 mg/kg dry weight. In mushrooms cultivated without Se supplement, Se contents were only about 1 mg/kg and in substrate about 0.1 mg/kg.

  20. 30 CFR 256.12 - Supplemental sales.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    ... 30 Mineral Resources 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Supplemental sales. 256.12 Section 256.12..., General § 256.12 Supplemental sales. (a) The Secretary may conduct a supplemental sale in accordance with the provisions of this section. (b) Supplemental sales shall be governed by the regulations in this...

  1. Efficiency of Multispecies Probiotic Supplements in Bioremoval of Bisphenol A: An In Vitro Study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sogand Solouki

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Background and Objective: Bisphenol A is a well-known industrial compound which is widely used in producing plastic throughout the world. Containers made with these plastics may expose people to small amounts of bisphenol A in food and water and cause adverse effects on human health. In this study, the effect of commercial probiotic formulations on reduction of bisphenol A in aqueous solution is investigated.Materials and Methods: One dose of six types of commercial mixtures of probiotic strains were added to a certain amount of bisphenol A in saline basal medium at 37°C. During a 24 h treatment with probiotics, samples were taken from the environments at different times and prepared for further analysis with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The experimental framework was set up in a way that compares formulations and determines the most efficient strains for bisphenol A reduction. In addition, the effect of peripheral conditions such as pH and temperature were also studied.Results and Conclusion: Multi-strain probiotics had an impressively high performance in bio-removal of bisphenol A from aqueous solutions. Up to 80% of bisphenol A concentration was decreased during the first hour of treatment in almost all trials. Among them, the synergy of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum strains were the most successful. On the other hand, mixture of probiotics had more persistent effect and robust binding ability than single strains. Finally, it can be expected that regular usage of probiotic supplementation with special mixture of strains can suppress the harmful effects of bisphenol A.Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

  2. Nutritional Supplements for Endurance Athletes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rasmussen, Christopher J.

    Athletes engaged in heavy endurance training often seek additional nutritional strategies to help maximize performance. Specific nutritional supplements exist to combat certain factors that limit performance beginning with a sound everyday diet. Research has further demonstrated that safe, effective, legal supplements are in fact available for today's endurance athletes. Several of these supplements are marketed not only to aid performance but also to combat the immunosuppressive effects of intense endurance training. It is imperative for each athlete to research the legality of certain supplements for their specific sport or event. Once the legality has been established, it is often up to each individual athlete to decipher the ethics involved with ingesting nutritional supplements with the sole intent of improving performance.

  3. 7 CFR 1955.22 - State supplements.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 14 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true State supplements. 1955.22 Section 1955.22 Agriculture... Real and Chattel Property § 1955.22 State supplements. State Supplements will be prepared with the... supplements will be submitted to the National Office for post approval in accordance with FmHA or its...

  4. Pigs experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of Escherichia coli have improved feed efficiency and indicators of inflammation with dietary supplementation of tryptophan and methionine in the immediate post-weaning period

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Capozzalo, Meeka M; Kim, Jae Cheol; Htoo, J.K.

    2017-01-01

    This experiment tested the hypothesis that pigs challenged with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli (ETEC) will improve performance by dietary supplementation of sulfur amino acids (SAA) and tryptophan (Trp) above the current recommended levels in the immediate post-weaning period. Male pigs (n...... arrangement of treatments with two levels of SID SAA : Lys ratio (0.52 vs 0.60) and two levels of SID Trp : Lys ratio (0.16 vs 0.24). Diets did not contain any antimicrobial compounds. Pigs were individually housed and were fed diets for 14 days after weaning. Pigs were infected with ETEC (3.44 × 108 CFU....../mL, serotype O149 : K91 : K88) on Days 5, 6, and 7 after weaning. Pigs were bled on Days 5, 8 and 14 and subsequently analysed for plasma levels of acute-phase proteins, urea, cytokines (Days 5 and 8 only) and amino acids (Days 5 and 8 only). Increasing Trp (P = 0.036) and SAA (P = 0.028) improved feed...

  5. Enhancement of bile resistance in Lactobacillus plantarum strains by soy lecithin.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hu, B; Tian, F; Wang, G; Zhang, Q; Zhao, J; Zhang, H; Chen, W

    2015-07-01

    This study evaluated the effect of soy lecithin on the bile resistance of Lactobacillus plantarum. Six strains were cultured in MRS broth supplemented with soy lecithin at different concentrations. The strains incubated in MRS broth with 1·0% soy lecithin showed no inhibitory effect on cell growth. After culturing in MRS broth with 0·2-1·0% soy lecithin, the survival rate of harvested cells increased significantly (P bile challenge compared with the no added soy lecithin group. The cells incubated with 0·6% soy lecithin were able to grow in an MRS broth with a higher bile salt content. The surface hydrophobicity and cell leakage in the bile challenge were assessed to reveal the physical changes caused by the addition of soy lecithin. The cell surface hydrophobicity was enhanced and the membrane integrity in the bile challenge increased after culturing with soy lecithin. A shift in the fatty acid composition was also observed, illustrating the cell membrane change in the soy lecithin culture. In this study, we report for the first time the beneficial effect of adding soy lecithin to an MRS broth on subsequent bile tolerance of Lactobacillus plantarum. Soy lecithin had no inhibitory effect on strain viability but significantly enhanced bile resistance. Surface hydrophobicity and cell integrity increased in strains cultured with soy lecithin. The observed shift in the cell fatty acid composition indicated changes to the cell membrane. As soy lecithin is safe for use in the food industry, its protective effects can be harnessed for the development of bile-sensitive strains with health-benefit functions for use in probiotic products. © 2015 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

  6. Clinical and microbiological aspects of the use of Lactobacillus rhamnosus PL1 strains in proctological patients with symptoms of chronic proctitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Borycka-Kiciak, K; Strus, M; Pietrzak, P; Wawiernia, K; Mikołajczyk, D; Gałęcka, M; Heczko, P; Tarnowski, W

    2017-06-30

    Recurrent proctitis and the symptoms associated therewith pose significant clinical problem in proctological patients. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus PL1 strain on the clinical presentation and composition of intestinal microbiota in patients with symptoms of proctitis in the course of hemorrhoidal disease and diverticulosis. Material consisted of 24 patients in whom no complete clinical improvement could be obtained after the treatment of the underlying disease. Subject to the assessment was the presence and the intensity of clinical symptoms as well as qualitative and quantitative changes in the composition of bacterial flora detected in the stool before, during and after a 9-week supplementation with the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus PL1 strain. In the entire study group, the intensity of pain after 12 weeks was significantly lower (p=0,.011) compared to baseline; the intensity of flatulence and abdominal discomfort was reduced significantly as early as after 3 weeks, with the difference reaching a highly significant level after 12 weeks (pP<0,.0001). No significant difference was observed in the frequency of the reported episodes of diarrhea, constipation, as well as itching and burning in the anal region. As early as after 3 weeks of supplementation with the probiotic L. rhamnosus PL1 strain, significant qualitative and quantitative changes were observed in the composition of intestinal microbiota; the changes differed depending on the underlying disease. An increase in the total counts of the bacteria of Lactobacillus genus, particularly L. rhamnosus PL1 strain was observed regardless of the underlying disease. Tthe probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus PL1 strain appears to be useful in restoring appropriate ratios of bacterial populations in patients presenting with symptoms of proctitis in the course of the treatment of certain diseases of the lower gastrointestinal tract.

  7. 47 CFR 61.86 - Supplements.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Supplements. 61.86 Section 61.86... Rules for Tariff Publications of Dominant and Nondominant Carriers § 61.86 Supplements. A carrier may not file a supplement except to suspend or cancel a tariff publication, or to defer the effective date...

  8. Strain-Specific Features of Extracellular Polysaccharides and Their Impact on Lactobacillus plantarum-Host Interactions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, I-Chiao; Caggianiello, Graziano; van Swam, Iris I; Taverne, Nico; Meijerink, Marjolein; Bron, Peter A; Spano, Giuseppe; Kleerebezem, Michiel

    2016-07-01

    Lactobacilli are found in diverse environments and are widely applied as probiotic, health-promoting food supplements. Polysaccharides are ubiquitously present on the cell surface of lactobacilli and are considered to contribute to the species- and strain-specific probiotic effects that are typically observed. Two Lactobacillus plantarum strains, SF2A35B and Lp90, have an obvious ropy phenotype, implying high extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production levels. In this work, we set out to identify the genes involved in EPS production in these L. plantarum strains and to demonstrate their role in EPS production by gene deletion analysis. A model L. plantarum strain, WCFS1, and its previously constructed derivative that produced reduced levels of EPS were included as reference strains. The constructed EPS-reduced derivatives were analyzed for the abundance and sugar compositions of their EPS, revealing cps2-like gene clusters in SF2A35B and Lp90 responsible for major EPS production. Moreover, these mutant strains were tested for phenotypic characteristics that are of relevance for their capacity to interact with the host epithelium in the intestinal tract, including bacterial surface properties as well as survival under the stress conditions encountered in the gastrointestinal tract (acid and bile stress). In addition, the Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling and immunomodulatory capacities of the EPS-negative derivatives and their respective wild-type strains were compared, revealing strain-specific impacts of EPS on the immunomodulatory properties. Taken together, these experiments illustrate the importance of EPS in L. plantarum strains as a strain-specific determinant in host interaction. This study evaluates the role of extracellular polysaccharides that are produced by different strains of Lactobacillus plantarum in the determination of the cell surface properties of these bacteria and their capacity to interact with their environment, including their

  9. Impact of medicated feed along with clay mineral supplementation on Escherichia coli resistance to antimicrobial agents in pigs after weaning in field conditions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jahanbakhsh, Seyedehameneh; Kabore, Kiswendsida Paul; Fravalo, Philippe; Letellier, Ann; Fairbrother, John Morris

    2015-10-01

    The aim of this study was to examine changes in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotype and virulence and AMR gene profiles in Escherichia coli from pigs receiving in-feed antimicrobial medication following weaning and the effect of feed supplementation with a clay mineral, clinoptilolite, on this dynamic. Eighty E. coli strains isolated from fecal samples of pigs receiving a diet containing chlortetracycline and penicillin, with or without 2% clinoptilolite, were examined for antimicrobial resistance to 15 antimicrobial agents. Overall, an increased resistance to 10 antimicrobials was observed with time. Supplementation with clinoptilolite was associated with an early increase but later decrease in blaCMY-2, in isolates, as shown by DNA probe. Concurrently, a later increase in the frequency of blaCMY-2 and the virulence genes iucD and tsh was observed in the control pig isolates, being significantly greater than in the supplemented pigs at day 28. Our results suggest that, in the long term, supplementation with clinoptilolite could decrease the prevalence of E. coli carrying certain antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  10. Interactions between prebiotics, probiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols: diet or supplementation for metabolic syndrome prevention?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Peluso, Ilaria; Romanelli, Luca; Palmery, Maura

    2014-05-01

    The metabolic syndrome can be prevented by the Mediterranean diet, characterized by fiber, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols. However, the composition of the Mediterranean diet, which can be viewed as a natural multiple supplement, is poorly controlled, and its beneficial effects poorly predictable. The metabolic syndrome is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and the gut microbioma seems to be the main target and player in the interactions occurring between probiotics, prebiotics, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols. From the reviewed evidence, it is reasonable to manage growth and metabolism of gut microflora with specific prebiotics and polyphenols. Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.

  11. Dolor Cráneo-facial como Síntoma Aislado de Isquemia Cardíaca: Estudio prospectivo y multicéntrico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Kreiner

    Full Text Available RESUMEN Antecedentes. El dolor craneofacial puede ser el único síntoma de una isquemia cardíaca. El fracaso en reconocer el origen cardíaco de dicho dolor puede poner en riesgo la vida del paciente. Los autores realizaron un estudio para revelar la prevalencia, la distribución y las diferencias entre sexos en lo que respecta al dolor craneofacial de origen cardíaco. Métodos. Los autores seleccionaron de forma prospectiva pacientes consecutivos (n= 186 que habían presentado un episodio isquémico cardíaco verificado. Estudiaron en detalle la localización y distribución del dolor craneofacial e intraoral. Resultados. El dolor cráneofacial fue el único síntoma durante el episodio isquémico en 11 pacientes (6%, tres de los cuales presentaron un infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM. Otros 60 pacientes (32% comunicaron dolor cráneofacial concomitantemente a dolor en otras regiones. Las localizaciones más frecuentes del dolor cráneofacial fueron la garganta, la región mandibular izquierda, la región mandibular derecha, la articulación temporomandibular izquierda / oído y dientes. El dolor cráneofacial se manifestó de forma predominante en mujeres (P= 0,031 y fue el síntoma dominante en ambos sexos en ausencia de dolor torácico. Conclusiones. El dolor cráneofacial es inducido frecuentemente por isquemia cardíaca. Esta causa debe tenerse en cuenta en el diagnóstico diferencial del dolor dental y orofacial. Implicaciones clínicas. Debido a que los pacientes que tienen un IAM sin dolor torácico corren un mayor riesgo de no ser correctamente diagnosticados y de muerte, el alerta del clínico sobre esta sintomatología puede ser crucial para el diagnóstico precoz y un rápido tratamiento

  12. Children and Dietary Supplements

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Clinical Digest for health professionals Children and Dietary Supplements Share: September 2012 © Matthew Lester Research has shown that many children use herbs and other dietary supplements. However, there are little data available on their ...

  13. Quimiossensibilidade durante exercício na insuficiência cardíaca: respostas ventilatórias, cronotrópicas e neurohormonais Quimiosensibilidad durante ejercicio en la insuficiencia cardíaca: respuestas ventilatorias, cronotrópicas y neurohormonales Exercise chemosensitivity in heart failure: ventilatory, chronotropic and neurohormonal responses

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lídia Zytynski Moura

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Insuficiência cardíaca (IC está associada com aumento da quimio-sensibilidade periférica e central em repouso, que pode estar correlacionada com um aumento na resposta ventilatória durante exercício. Entretanto, SUS sensibilidade na IC durante o exercício ainda não foi reportada. OBJETIVO: Testar se o estímulo dos quimiorreceptores centrais e periféricos em pacientes com IC pode modular respostas ventilatórias, cronotrópicas e neurohormonais durante exercício submáximo. MÉTODOS: Investigamos a quimio-sensibilidade central e periférica em 15 pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca (IC e 7 controles normais (C, comparando a resposta durante 3 testes de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6M, realizado em esteira ergométrica com: ar ambiente, em hipóxia e em hipercapnia (em ordem randômica. RESULTADOS: FR em ar ambiente nos grupos C e IC foi 17±2 e 22±2 (pFUNDAMENTO: La insuficiencia cardíaca (IC está asociada con aumento de la quimiosensibilidad periférica y central en reposo, que puede estar correlacionada con un aumento en la respuesta ventilatoria durante ejercicio. Mientras tanto, SUS sensibilidad en la IC durante el ejercicio aun no fue reportada. OBJETIVO: Verificar si el estímulo de los quimiorreceptores centrales y periféricos en pacientes con IC puede modular respuestas ventilatorias, cronotrópicas y neurohormonales durante ejercicio submáximo. MÉTODOS: Investigamos la quimiosensibilidad central y periférica en 15 pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca (IC y 7 controles normales (C, comparando la respuesta durante 3 tests de caminata de 6 minutos (TC6M, realizado en cinta ergométrica con: aire ambiente, en hipoxia y en hipercapnia (en orden randómico. RESULTADOS: FR en aire ambiente en los grupos C y IC fue 17±2 y 22±2 (pBACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF is associated with resting increased peripheral and central chemosensitivity which may correlate with an increased ventilatory response to exercise. However

  14. Vigilância de infecção de sítio cirúrgico no pós-alta hospitalar de cirurgia cardíaca reconstrutora

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vanessa Damiana Menis Sasaki

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Cada año la incidencia de las enfermedades cardiovasculares ha ido en aumento, y en la mayoría de los casos, la cirugía de revascularización miocárdica se hace necesaria, siendo la infección de sitio quirúrgico una de las principales complicaciones. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar señales y síntomas de infección de sitio quirúrgico después del alta hospitalaria de cirugía cardíaca reconstructiva. Este es un estudio cuantitativo descriptivo de carácter prospectivo. La recolección de datos se realizó en la residencia de 20 pacientes mayores de 18 años, sometidos a cirugía cardíaca reconstructiva en un hospital filantrópico cuaternario, de São José de Rio Preto-SP, Brazil. Cuatro pacientes presentaban exudado seroso o purulento e hiperemia en la incisión quirúrgica. Se encontró una tasa de 20% de infección de sitio quirúrgico después del alta hospitalaria. Destacamos la necesidad de aplicar un método de vigilancia en el período posterior al alta hospitalaria para permitir una información real de las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico, ya que estas pueden no ser reportadas, causando una alta tasa de morbilidad y mortalidad.

  15. Enhancement of the immune response and protection against Vibrio parahaemolyticus by indigenous probiotic Bacillus strains in mud crab (Scylla paramamosain).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wu, Hui-Juan; Sun, Ling-Bin; Li, Chuan-Biao; Li, Zhong-Zhen; Zhang, Zhao; Wen, Xiao-Bo; Hu, Zhong; Zhang, Yue-Ling; Li, Sheng-Kang

    2014-12-01

    In a previous study, bacterial communities of the intestine in three populations of crabs (wild crabs, pond-raised healthy crabs and diseased crabs) were probed by culture-independent methods. In this study, we examined the intestinal communities of the crabs by bacterial cultivation with a variety of media. A total of 135 bacterial strains were isolated from three populations of mud crabs. The strains were screened for antagonistic activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus using an agar spot assay. Antagonistic strains were then identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Three strains (Bacillus subtilis DCU, Bacillus pumilus BP, Bacillus cereus HL7) with the strongest antagonistic activity were further evaluated for their probiotic characteristics. The results showed that two (BP and DCU) of them were able to survive low pH and high bile concentrations, showed good adherence characteristics and a broad spectrum of antibiotic resistance. The probiotic effects were then tested by feeding juvenile mud crabs (Scylla paramamosain) with foods supplemented with 10(5) CFU/g of BP or DCU for 30 days before being subjected to an immersion challenge with V. parahaemolyticus for 48 h. The treated crabs showed significantly higher expression levels of immune related genes (CAT, proPO and SOD) and activities of respiratory burst than that in controlled groups. Crabs treated with BP and DCU supplemented diets exhibited survival rates of 76.67% and 78.33%, respectively, whereas survival rate was 54.88% in crabs not treated with the probiotics. The data showed that indigenous mud-associated microbiota, such as DCU and BP, have potential application in controlling pathogenic Vibriosis in mud crab aquaculture. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  16. The effects of supplementation of a novel bacterial 6-phytase on mineral digestibility and plasma minerals in lactating sows.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nasir, Z; Broz, J; Zijlstra, R T

    2012-12-01

    Pigs digest P in plant feedstuffs poorly because pigs do not produce sufficient endogenous phytase to hydrolyze P from phytate (inositol hexaphosphate). Supplementation of phytase to diets of piglets and grower-finisher pigs increased digestibility of minerals including P and Ca; however, data on phytase efficacy in lactating sows are scarce. Therefore, effects of adding a bacterial 6-phytase expressed in a strain of Aspergillus oryzae (Ronozyme HiPhos; DSM Nutritional Products, Basel, Switzerland) on apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of P and Ca was assessed in 45 lactating sows. Three diets were prepared: (i) positive control (PC; 0.52% available P), a regular sow diet containing inorganic P, (ii) negative control (NC; 0.20% available P) without inorganic P, and (iii) NC + 500 units of phytase/kg diet. Each diet was fed randomly to 15 sows for 21 d (from 5 d prior to farrowing to 15 d after farrowing). At day 15 after farrowing, ATTD of P did not differ between PC and NC. Phytase supplementation to NC increased (P 0.05) ATTD of CP and Ca. On day 1 after farrowing, plasma P was 0.66 mmol/L lower (P Phytase supplementation to NC increased (P phytase supplementation increased P bioavailability in lactating sows.

  17. Modification of the technical properties of Lactobacillus johnsonii NCC 533 by supplementing the growth medium with unsaturated fatty acids.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Muller, J A; Ross, R P; Sybesma, W F H; Fitzgerald, G F; Stanton, C

    2011-10-01

    The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of supplementing growth medium with unsaturated fatty acids on the technical properties of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus johnsonii NCC 533, such as heat and acid tolerance, and inhibition of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection. Our results showed that the membrane composition and morphology of L. johnsonii NCC 533 were significantly changed by supplementing a minimal Lactobacillus medium with oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids. The ratio of saturated to unsaturated plus cyclic fatty acids in the bacterial membrane decreased by almost 2-fold when minimal medium was supplemented with unsaturated fatty acids (10 μg/ml). The subsequent acid and heat tolerance of L. johnsonii decreased by 6- and 20-fold when the strain was grown in the presence of linoleic and linolenic acids, respectively, compared with growth in oleic acid (all at 10 μg/ml). Following acid exposure, significantly higher (P acid content was detected in the membrane when growth medium was supplemented with linoleic or linolenic acid, indicating that saturation of the membrane fatty acids occurred during acid stress. Cell integrity was determined in real time during stressed conditions using a fluorescent viability kit in combination with flow cytometric analysis. Following heat shock (at 62.5°C for 5 min), L. johnsonii was unable to form colonies; however, 60% of the bacteria showed no cell integrity loss, which could indicate that the elevated heat inactivated vital processes within the cell, rendering it incapable of replication. Furthermore, L. johnsonii grown in fatty acid-enriched minimal medium had different adhesion properties and caused a 2-fold decrease in S. enterica serovar Typhimurium UK1-lux invasion of HT-29 epithelial cells compared with bacteria grown in minimal medium alone. This could be related to changes in the hydrophobicity and fluidity of the membrane. Our study shows that technical properties

  18. Probiotics for experimental obesity prevention: focus on strain dependence and viability of composition.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kobyliak, Nazarii; Falalyeyeva, Tetyana; Beregova, Tetyana; Spivak, Mykola

    2017-01-01

    a comparative animal study of the efficacy of intermittent short-course administration of lyophilised single-, three-, and live multistrain probiotic on obesity. We included 70 rats divided into seven groups (n = 10 in each). Rats of group I were intact. Newborn rats of groups II-VII were injected with monosodium glutamate (MSG) (4 mg/g). Rats of group II (MSG-obesity group) were untreated. The group III-V received lyophilised monoprobiotics B. animalis VKL, B. animalis VKB, and L. casei IMVB-7280, respectively. Group VI received the mix of these three probiotic strains. Group VII was treated with multiprobiotic "Symbiter", which contains 14 live probiotic strains (Lactobacillus, Bifi-dobacterium, Propionibacterium, Acetobacter genera). Neonatal treatment with MSG caused stunted growth, which is why, despite the lack of weight gain dynamics and absence of significant food consumption rate and body weight changes at day 120, we noted the development of obesity in all MSG-obesity rats and in up to 20-70% after probiotic administration. Supplementation of probiotic composition, with preference to live strains, led to a significantly lower prevalence of obesity, and reduction of VAT weight and serum lipid levels as compared to single-strain probiotic. In our comparative single-strain analysis a trend towards more pronounced hypolipidaemic effect and VAT weight reduction was observed for lyophilised L. casei IMVB-7280 as compared to B. animalis VKL and VKB strains. Multistrain formed mutualistic interactions in mixtures and therefore able to share with different metabolites, affect differ-ent receptors and produced various of biologically active compounds which synergistic overall effect greater than the sum of the single effects.

  19. Regional Assessment of Supplementation Project

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1991-10-01

    The Fish and Wildlife Program of the Northwest Power Planning Council (NPPC) prescribes several approaches to achieve its goal of doubling the salmon and steelhead runs of the Columbia River. Among those approaches are habitat restoration, improvements in adult and juvenile passage at dams and artificial propagation. Supplementation will be a major part of the new hatchery programs. The purpose of the Regional Assessment of Supplementation Project (RASP) is to provide an overview of ongoing and planned supplementation activities, to construct a conceptual framework and model for evaluating the potential benefits and risks of supplementation and to develop a plan for better regional coordination of research and monitoring and evaluation of supplementation. RASP has completed its first year of work. Progress toward meeting the first year's objectives and recommendations for future tasks are contained in this report

  20. Athletes and Supplements: Prevalence and Perspectives.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Garthe, Ina; Maughan, Ronald J

    2018-03-01

    In elite sport, where opponents are evenly matched, small factors can determine the outcome of sporting contests. Not all athletes know the value of making wise nutrition choices, but anything that might give a competitive edge, including dietary supplements, can seem attractive. Between 40% and 100% of athletes typically use supplements, depending on the type of sport, level of competition, and the definition of supplements. However, unless the athlete has a nutrient deficiency, supplementation may not improve performance and may have a detrimental effect on both performance and health. Dietary supplements are classified as a subcategory of food, so manufacturers are not required to provide evidence of product safety and efficacy, nor obtain approval from regulatory bodies before marketing supplements. This creates the potential for health risks, and serious adverse effects have been reported from the use of some dietary supplements. Athletes who compete in sports under an anti-doping code must also realize that supplement use exposes them to a risk of ingesting banned substances or precursors of prohibited substances. Government systems of regulations do not include specific laboratory testing for banned substances according to the WADA list, so a separate regulatory framework to evaluate supplements for their risk of provoking a failed doping test is needed. In the high-performance culture typical of elite sport, athletes may use supplements regardless of possible risks. A discussion around medical, physiological, cultural, and ethical questions may be warranted to ensure that the athlete has the information needed to make an informed choice.

  1. Enhanced production of tetramethylpyrazine in Bacillus licheniformis BL1 by bdhA disruption and 2,3-butanediol supplementation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Meng, Wu; Xiao, Dongguang; Wang, Ruiming

    2016-03-01

    The 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) dehydrogenase gene (bdhA) of Bacillus licheniformis BL1 was disrupted to construct the tetramethylpyrazine (TMP)-producing BLA strain. During microaerobic fermentation, the bdhA-disrupted BLA strain produced 46.98 g TMP/l, and this yield was 23.99% higher than that produced by the parent BL1 strain. In addition, the yield of acetoin, which is a TMP precursor, also increased by 28.98% in BLA. The TMP production by BL1 was enhanced by supplementing the fermentation medium with 2,3-BD. The yield of TMP improved from 37.89 to 44.77 g/l as the concentration of 2,3-BD increased from 0 to 2 g/l. The maximum TMP and acetoin yields increased by 18.16 and 17.87%, respectively with the increase in 2,3-BD concentration from 0 to 2 g/l. However, no increase was observed when the concentration of 2,3-BD in the matrix was ≥3 g/l. This study provides a valuable strategy to enhance TMP and acetoin productivity of mutagenic strains by gene manipulation and optimizing fermentation conditions.

  2. Mediastinite pós-esternotomia longitudinal para cirurgia cardíaca: 10 anos de análise

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Valdir Cesarino de Souza

    2002-09-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: mediastinites pós-esternotomia para cirurgia cardíaca não são freqüentes (0,2% a 5,0%, porém, quando surgem, se tornam potencialmente graves. Mesmo com o diagnóstico e tratamento precoces, o prognóstico não é bom, sobretudo se houver sepse e outros agravos à saúde associados. OBJETIVO: rever a casuística de casos de mediastinite. MÉTODO: foram analisados os prontuários de 2.272 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca entre 1991 e 2000. Todas as operações foram realizadas através de esternotomia mediana longitudinal e circulação extracorpórea no Hospital João XXIII / Instituto de Cirurgia Cardiovascular da Paraíba de Campina Grande (Paraíba. RESULTADOS: a mediastinite ocorreu, em média, 10 dias após a cirurgia, num total de 37 (1,6% casos, com taxa de letalidade 21,6% (n=8. A maioria (n=19; 51,4% dos casos foi em pacientes submetidos a revascularização do miocárdio, seguidos pelos procedimentos valvares (n=13; 35,1%, correções de cardiopatias congênitas (n=4; 10,8% e aneurisma de aorta ascendente (n=1; 2,7%. Vários fatores de risco foram identificados (obesidade, tempo de permanência hospitalar prolongado, diabetes mellitus, tabagismo, reoperações e cirurgias de emergência, especialmente a permanência (por mais de 72 horas no pré-operatório em unidade de terapia intensiva. A cultura do exsudato foi positiva em 35 (94,6% dos 37 pacientes, sendo o Staphylococcus aureus o patógeno mais observado em 17 (48,6%. CONCLUSÕES: a freqüência de mediastinite pós-cirurgias cardíaca, com esternotomia associada, é semelhante à descrita na literatura, não tem diminuído no decorrer dos anos, por isto continua representando um desafio para os cirurgiões e equipes, apesar do arsenal diagnóstico e terapêutico atuais.INTRODUCTION: Mediastinitis is a rare though potentially fatal complication. The incidence is reported to be between 0.2% and 5.0% and is a major cause of postoperative morbidity

  3. Vitamin C supplementation in pregnancy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rumbold, Alice; Ota, Erika; Nagata, Chie; Shahrook, Sadequa; Crowther, Caroline A

    2015-09-29

    Vitamin C supplementation may help reduce the risk of pregnancy complications such as pre-eclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and maternal anaemia. There is a need to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin C supplementation in pregnancy. To evaluate the effects of vitamin C supplementation, alone or in combination with other separate supplements on pregnancy outcomes, adverse events, side effects and use of health resources. We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (31 March 2015) and reference lists of retrieved studies. All randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials evaluating vitamin C supplementation in pregnant women. Interventions using a multivitamin supplement containing vitamin C or where the primary supplement was iron were excluded. Two review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion and risk of bias, extracted data and checked them for accuracy. Twenty-nine trials involving 24,300 women are included in this review. Overall, 11 trials were judged to be of low risk of bias, eight were high risk of bias and for 10 trials it was unclear. No clear differences were seen between women supplemented with vitamin C alone or in combination with other supplements compared with placebo or no control for the risk of stillbirth (risk ratio (RR) 1.15, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.89 to 1.49; 20,038 participants; 11 studies; I² = 0%; moderate quality evidence), neonatal death (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.08; 19,575 participants; 11 studies; I² = 0%), perinatal death (average RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.49; 17,105 participants; seven studies; I² = 35%), birthweight (mean difference (MD) 26.88 g, 95% CI -18.81 to 72.58; 17,326 participants; 13 studies; I² = 69%), intrauterine growth restriction (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.06; 20,361 participants; 12 studies; I² = 15%; high quality evidence), preterm birth (average RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.10; 22,250 participants; 16 studies; I² = 49%; high quality evidence

  4. Progress in developing analytical and label-based dietary supplement databases at the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dwyer, Johanna T.; Picciano, Mary Frances; Betz, Joseph M.; Fisher, Kenneth D.; Saldanha, Leila G.; Yetley, Elizabeth A.; Coates, Paul M.; Milner, John A.; Whitted, Jackie; Burt, Vicki; Radimer, Kathy; Wilger, Jaimie; Sharpless, Katherine E.; Holden, Joanne M.; Andrews, Karen; Roseland, Janet; Zhao, Cuiwei; Schweitzer, Amy; Harnly, James; Wolf, Wayne R.; Perry, Charles R.

    2013-01-01

    Although an estimated 50% of adults in the United States consume dietary supplements, analytically substantiated data on their bioactive constituents are sparse. Several programs funded by the Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) at the National Institutes of Health enhance dietary supplement database development and help to better describe the quantitative and qualitative contributions of dietary supplements to total dietary intakes. ODS, in collaboration with the United States Department of Agriculture, is developing a Dietary Supplement Ingredient Database (DSID) verified by chemical analysis. The products chosen initially for analytical verification are adult multivitamin-mineral supplements (MVMs). These products are widely used, analytical methods are available for determining key constituents, and a certified reference material is in development. Also MVMs have no standard scientific, regulatory, or marketplace definitions and have widely varying compositions, characteristics, and bioavailability. Furthermore, the extent to which actual amounts of vitamins and minerals in a product deviate from label values is not known. Ultimately, DSID will prove useful to professionals in permitting more accurate estimation of the contribution of dietary supplements to total dietary intakes of nutrients and better evaluation of the role of dietary supplements in promoting health and well-being. ODS is also collaborating with the National Center for Health Statistics to enhance the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dietary supplement label database. The newest ODS effort explores the feasibility and practicality of developing a database of all dietary supplement labels marketed in the US. This article describes these and supporting projects. PMID:25346570

  5. Estetoscópio digital como ferramenta inovadora no ensino da ausculta cardíaca Digital stethoscope as an innovative tool on the teaching of auscultatory skills

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudio Tinoco Mesquita

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available O exame físico cardiovascular, em particular a ausculta cardíaca, é uma das habilidades clínicas mais difíceis para os alunos durante seu treinamento médico. Estudos sugerem que o uso de tecnologias, como o estetoscópio digital, aumente a acurácia do exame clínico, entretanto, seu impacto no ensino da propedêutica da ausculta cardíaca em alunos de graduação de Medicina não é conhecido. O objetivo é demonstrar a utilidade do estetoscópio digital, em comparação com métodos tradicionais, como instrumento de ensino da ausculta cardíaca. Estudo de intervenção, longitudinal, controlado, unicêntrico e randomizado. Foram inscritos 38 alunos de medicina para um curso de semiologia cardiovascular com duração de oito semanas. Definiu-se um programa com aulas expositivas e à beira do leito nas enfermarias de Cardiologia. Nas aulas práticas, os alunos foram randomizados em dois grupos: 1 (n = 21 estetoscópio digital (Littmann® modelo 3200, 3M; e 2 (n = 17 estetoscópios convencionais. Foi realizada uma avaliação pré-treinamento, através de um teste utilizando o software Heart Sounds®, que foi repetida ao final do curso. As médias das avaliações foram comparadas pelo teste T pareado e não pareado. Observa-se que, ao final do curso, houve uma melhora significativamente maior no grupo que utilizou o estetoscópio digital (51,9% quando comparado ao grupo que utilizou o estetoscópio convencional (29,5%. Intervenções de curta duração para o ensino de semiologia cardíaca são capazes de contribuir de modo significativo para melhora da proficiência da identificação dos sons cardíacos. O uso do estetoscópio digital demonstrou ser um fator positivo no ensino dessas habilidades.Physical cardiovascular examination, particularly cardiac auscultation, is one of the most difficult clinical skills for students during their medical training. Studies suggest that the use of technologies such as digital stethoscope increase the

  6. Hipertensão arterial pulmonar: uso do realce tardio miocárdico pela ressonância magnética cardíaca na avaliação de risco

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Gustavo Pignataro Bessa

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A hipertensão arterial pulmonar é uma doença grave e progressiva. O maior desafio clínico é seu diagnóstico precoce. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a presença e a extensão do realce tardio miocárdico pela ressonância magnética cardíaca bem como verificar se o percentual da massa de fibrose miocárdica é indicador de gravidade. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 30 pacientes com hipertensão arterial pulmonar dos grupos I e IV, submetidos às avaliações clínica, funcional e hemodinâmica, e à ressonância magnética cardíaca. RESULTADOS: A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 52 anos, com predomínio do gênero feminino (77%. Dentre os pacientes, 53% apresentavam insuficiência ventricular direita ao diagnóstico, e 90% encontravam-se em classe funcional II/III. A média do teste de caminhada de 6 minutos foi de 395 m. No estudo hemodinâmico com o cateterismo direito, a média da pressão arterial pulmonar foi de 53,3 mmHg, do índice cardíaco de 2,1 L/min.m², e a mediana da pressão atrial direita foi de 13,5 mmHg. Realce tardio do miocárdio pela ressonância magnética cardíaca foi encontrado em 28 pacientes. A mediana da massa de fibrose foi 9,9 g e do percentual da massa de fibrose de 6,17%. A presença de classe funcional IV, insuficiência ventricular direita ao diagnóstico, teste de caminhada de 6 minutos 15 mmHg, com índice cardíaco < 2,0 L/min.m², teve associação significativa com maior percentual de fibrose miocárdica. CONCLUSÃO: O percentual da massa de fibrose miocárdica mostra-se um marcador não invasivo com perspectivas promissoras na identificação do paciente portador de hipertensão pulmonar com fatores de alto risco.

  7. Response of primiparous and multiparous buffaloes to yeast culture supplementation during early and mid-lactation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hanne H. Hansen

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Strains of live Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast have exhibited probiotic effects in ruminants. This study investigated the effects of the dietary yeast supplement, S. cerevisiae (Yea-Sacc1026, on primiparous (PP and multiparous (MP Egyptian buffaloes in early to mid-lactation. Lactating buffaloes were fed either a basal total mixed ration (TMR, control; 4 PP and 8 MP or the basal TMR plus 10 g Yea-Sacc1026 per buffalo cow per day (yeast; 4 PP and 8 MP. The feeds were given from 15 days prepartum to 180 days postpartum. Feed intake, body weight, and milk yields (MY were recorded, and milk and blood samples were collected for analyses. Feces were collected from days 45 to 47 during early lactation and from days 90 to 92 during mid-lactation to determine apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM, organic matter (OM, crude protein (CP and crude fiber (CF. Energy corrected milk yield (ECM, feed conversion, and energy and nitrogen conversion efficiency were calculated. Yeast treated MP buffaloes consumed more DM (P ≤ 0.041 and CP than the untreated control group. Apparent digestibility of DM and OM were significantly greater at mid-lactation for treated versus control group (P = 0.001. Crude fiber digestibility was greater in MP than in PP buffaloes (P = 0.049, and yeast supplemented MP cows had a greater CF digestibility than control MP buffaloes at mid-lactation (P = 0.010. Total blood lipids decreased after yeast supplementation (P = 0.029. Milk yields, ECM, fat and protein yields increased for yeast treated MP buffaloes (P ≤ 0.039. The study concluded that the response to yeast supplementation in buffalo cows is parity dependent. Multiparous buffaloes respond to yeast supplementation with an increased DM intake and CF digestibility without significant weight gains, allowing a greater ECM yield with less fat mobilization. Supplementing buffaloes with yeast culture may increase milk production in early lactation and results in a

  8. Uso da radiofrequência bipolar para o tratamento da fibrilação atrial durante cirurgia cardíaca Uso de la radiofrecuencia bipolar para el tratamiento de la fibrilación atrial durante cirugía cardíaca Use of bipolar radiofrequency for the treatment of atrial fibrillation during cardiac surgery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leonardo Secchin Canale

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: O tratamento da fibrilação atrial com dispositivo de ablação de tecidos por radiofrequência bipolar em concomitância à cirurgia cardíaca tem se mostrado método eficaz no tratamento desta arritmia. OBJETIVO: Descrever a experiência inicial do Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia no tratamento cirúrgico da fibrilação atrial com uso de dispositivo de radiofrequência bipolar em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca, relatando o resultado de acompanhamento pós-operatório de um ano. MÉTODOS: Entre janeiro de 2008 e março de 2009, 47 pacientes (36 mulheres consecutivos, com idade média de 53,7 ± 10,6 anos, apresentando fibrilação atrial por um período médio de 34,6 meses (3 a 192 meses foram submetidos à ablação cirúrgica desta arritmia, por radiofrequência bipolar, durante o procedimento que motivou a indicação da cirurgia. Oito apresentavam fibrilação atrial intermitente e 39, contínua. Oitenta e um por cento foram submetidos à cirurgia valvar como procedimento principal. Esta é uma análise retrospectiva, observacional, com avaliação de um ano de pós-operatório das variáveis clínicas e de Holter 24 h. RESULTADOS: Dos 47 pacientes, 40 sobreviveram um ano. Desses, 33 foram submetidos a Holter 24 h, em um intervalo médio de 401 dias após a cirurgia. Encontrou-se a seguinte distribuição de ritmos: 24 (73% sinusal, 5 (15% fibrilação atrial, três (9% Flutter atrial e um (3% ritmo juncional. Foram observados dois acidentes vasculares encefálicos, sendo um associado à arritmia supraventricular. CONCLUSÃO: A ablação cirúrgica de fibrilação atrial com dispositivo de radiofrequência bipolar concomitante à cirurgia cardíaca é método eficaz para o tratamento desta arritmia.FUNDAMENTO: El tratamiento de la fibrilación atrial con dispositivo de ablación de tejidos por radiofrecuencia bipolar en concomitancia con la cirugía cardíaca se muestra un método eficaz en el tratamiento de esta

  9. Bodybuilding supplementation and tooth decay.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ali, M S; Batley, H; Ahmed, F

    2015-07-10

    Supplementation is a key component in bodybuilding and is increasingly being used by amateur weight lifters and enthusiasts to build their ideal bodies. Bodybuilding supplements are advertised to provide nutrients needed to help optimise muscle building but they can contain high amounts of sugar. Supplement users are consuming these products, while not being aware of their high sugar content, putting them at a higher risk of developing dental caries. It is important for dental professionals to recognise the increased risk for supplement users and to raise awareness, provide appropriate preventative advice and be knowledgeable of alternative products to help bodybuilders reach their goals, without increasing the risk of dental caries.

  10. Dietary poultry fat, phytase, and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol influence the digestive and reproductive organ characteristic of commercial...at the onset of lay with F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum 1 , 2

    Science.gov (United States)

    ABSTRACT Effects of 2 supplemental concentrations of dietary poultry fat (PF) and the combination of PF, phytase (PHY) and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D] on the gross digestive and reproductive organ characteristics of commercial layers inoculated with F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum (FMG) w...

  11. Muscle Mass and Weight Gain Nutritional Supplements

    Science.gov (United States)

    Campbell, Bill

    There are numerous sports supplements available that claim to increase lean body mass. However, for these sports supplements to exert any favorable changes in lean body mass, they must influence those factors regulating skeletal muscle hypertrophy (i.e., satellite cell activity, gene transcription, protein translation). If a given sports supplement does favorably influence one of these regulatory factors, the result is a positive net protein balance (in which protein synthesis exceeds protein breakdown). Sports supplement categories aimed at eliciting a positive net protein balance include anabolic hormone enhancers, nutrient timing pre- and postexercise workout supplements, anticatabolic supplements, and nitric oxide boosters. Of all the sports supplements available, only a few have been subject to multiple clinical trials with repeated favorable outcomes relative to increasing lean body mass. This chapter focuses on these supplements and others that have a sound theoretical rationale in relation to increasing lean body mass.

  12. Inszenierung eines Supplements / Staging a Supplement

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thomas-M. Seibert

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available Richter Adam, Anwalt Liebling und William, der Detektiv. Die Rechtspraxis setzt etwas voraus, das sie nicht nur begründet oder ergänzt, sondern grundsätzlich in Frage stellt. So macht der Zwang, in einem Verfahren zu entscheiden und zu begründen, zugleich deutlich, dass jede Form der Entscheidung unangemessen, unbegründet und in ganz anderer Weise neu herzustellen ist. Das ist das juridische Supplement im Geiste von Jacques Derrida. Supplementiert wird die Wahrheit des Rechts in anderen Medien: in Drama, Film und Literatur etwa. Dort wird in Szene gesetzt, was in der real erlebbaren Rechtswelt nicht wirklich erlebt werden kann, was aber doch – wie kein Amtsträger bestreiten würde – zum Verfahrensergebnis gehört. Judge Adam, Advocate “Liebling” and William, the Detective. Legal practice is based on something that is not only an integral part of it and complements it, but also puts it into question generally. The compulsion to argue and reach decisions in a legal trial clarifies simultaneously that all forms of decision are inapproprate, unreasonable, and can be recreated in an entirely new manner [to suit the needs of the trial]. This is the legalistic supplement in the spirit of Jacques Derrida. The legal truth is supplemented by other forms of media such as drama, film and literature, which are able to stage scenes that cannot be experienced in a real life legal world, but – as no legal official would deny – are an integral part of the trial and verdict procedure.

  13. É necessário suspender o betabloqueador na insuficiência cardíaca descompensada com baixo débito?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Villaça Lima

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Há evidências de que a suspensão do betabloqueador (BB na descompensação cardíaca pode aumentar mortalidade. A dobutamina (dobuta é o inotrópico mais utilizado na descompensação, no entanto, BB e dobuta atuam no mesmo receptor com ações antagônicas, e o uso concomitante dos dois fármacos poderia dificultar a compensação. OBJETIVO: Avaliar se a manutenção do BB associado à dobuta dificulta a compensação cardíaca. MÉTODOS: Estudados 44 pacientes com FEVE < 45% e necessidade de inotrópico. Divididos em três grupos de acordo com o uso de BB. Grupo A (n=8: os que não usavam BB na admissão; Grupo B (n=25: os que usavam BB, porém foi suspenso para iniciar a dobuta; Grupo C (n=11: os que usaram BB concomitante à dobuta. Para comparação dos grupos, foram utilizados os testes t de Student, exato de Fisher e qui-quadrado. Considerado significante p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: FEVE média de 23,8 ± 6,6%. O tempo médio do uso de dobuta foi semelhante nos três grupos (p=0,35, e o uso concomitante da dobuta com o BB não aumentou o tempo de internação (com BB 20,36 ± 11,04 dias vs sem BB 28,37 ± 12,76 dias, p=NS. Na alta, a dose do BB foi superior nos pacientes em que a medicação não foi suspensa (35,8 ± 16,8 mg/dia vs 23,0 ± 16,7 mg/dia, p=0,004. CONCLUSÃO: A manutenção do BB associado à dobuta não aumentou o tempo de internação e não foi acompanhada de pior evolução. Os pacientes que não suspenderam o BB tiveram alta com doses mais elevadas do medicamento.

  14. Production of fermentation aroma compounds by Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine yeasts: effects of yeast assimilable nitrogen on two model strains.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carrau, Francisco M; Medina, Karina; Farina, Laura; Boido, Eduardo; Henschke, Paul A; Dellacassa, Eduardo

    2008-11-01

    The contribution of yeast fermentation metabolites to the aromatic profile of wine is well documented; however, the biotechnological application of this knowledge, apart from strain selection, is still rather limited and often contradictory. Understanding and modeling the relationship between nutrient availability and the production of desirable aroma compounds by different strains must be one of the main objectives in the selection of industrial yeasts for the beverage and food industry. In order to overcome the variability in the composition of grape juices, we have used a chemically defined model medium for studying yeast physiological behavior and metabolite production in response to nitrogen supplementation so as to identify an appropriate yeast assimilable nitrogen level for strain differentiation. At low initial nitrogen concentrations, strain KU1 produced higher quantities of esters and fatty acids whereas M522 produced higher concentrations of isoacids, gamma-butyrolactone, higher alcohols and 3-methylthio-1-propanol. We propose that although strains KU1 and M522 have a similar nitrogen consumption profile, they represent useful models for the chemical characterization of wine strains in relation to wine quality. The differential production of aroma compounds by the two strains is discussed in relation to their capacity for nitrogen usage and their impact on winemaking. The results obtained here will help to develop targeted metabolic footprinting methods for the discrimination of industrial yeasts.

  15. On some properties of ⊕-supplemented modules

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. Idelhadj

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available A module M is ⊕-supplemented if every submodule of M has a supplement which is a direct summand of M. In this paper, we show that a quotient of a ⊕-supplemented module is not in general ⊕-supplemented. We prove that over a commutative ring R, every finitely generated ⊕-supplemented R-module M having dual Goldie dimension less than or equal to three is a direct sum of local modules. It is also shown that a ring R is semisimple if and only if the class of ⊕-supplemented R-modules coincides with the class of injective R-modules. The structure of ⊕-supplemented modules over a commutative principal ideal ring is completely determined.

  16. Modification of the Technical Properties of Lactobacillus johnsonii NCC 533 by Supplementing the Growth Medium with Unsaturated Fatty Acids ▿

    Science.gov (United States)

    Muller, J. A.; Ross, R. P.; Sybesma, W. F. H.; Fitzgerald, G. F.; Stanton, C.

    2011-01-01

    The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of supplementing growth medium with unsaturated fatty acids on the technical properties of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus johnsonii NCC 533, such as heat and acid tolerance, and inhibition of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection. Our results showed that the membrane composition and morphology of L. johnsonii NCC 533 were significantly changed by supplementing a minimal Lactobacillus medium with oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids. The ratio of saturated to unsaturated plus cyclic fatty acids in the bacterial membrane decreased by almost 2-fold when minimal medium was supplemented with unsaturated fatty acids (10 μg/ml). The subsequent acid and heat tolerance of L. johnsonii decreased by 6- and 20-fold when the strain was grown in the presence of linoleic and linolenic acids, respectively, compared with growth in oleic acid (all at 10 μg/ml). Following acid exposure, significantly higher (P acid content was detected in the membrane when growth medium was supplemented with linoleic or linolenic acid, indicating that saturation of the membrane fatty acids occurred during acid stress. Cell integrity was determined in real time during stressed conditions using a fluorescent viability kit in combination with flow cytometric analysis. Following heat shock (at 62.5°C for 5 min), L. johnsonii was unable to form colonies; however, 60% of the bacteria showed no cell integrity loss, which could indicate that the elevated heat inactivated vital processes within the cell, rendering it incapable of replication. Furthermore, L. johnsonii grown in fatty acid-enriched minimal medium had different adhesion properties and caused a 2-fold decrease in S. enterica serovar Typhimurium UK1-lux invasion of HT-29 epithelial cells compared with bacteria grown in minimal medium alone. This could be related to changes in the hydrophobicity and fluidity of the membrane. Our study shows that technical properties

  17. Effect of γ-Aminobutyric Acid-producing Lactobacillus Strain on Laying Performance, Egg Quality and Serum Enzyme Activity in Hy-Line Brown Hens under Heat Stress.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhu, Y Z; Cheng, J L; Ren, M; Yin, L; Piao, X S

    2015-07-01

    Heat-stress remains a costly issue for animal production, especially for poultry as they lack sweat glands, and alleviating heat-stress is necessary for ensuring animal production in hot environment. A high γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producer Lactobacillus strain was used to investigate the effect of dietary GABA-producer on laying performance and egg quality in heat-stressed Hy-line brown hens. Hy-Line brown hens (n = 1,164) at 280 days of age were randomly divided into 4 groups based on the amount of freeze-dried GABA-producer added to the basal diet as follows: i) 0 mg/kg, ii) 25 mg/kg, iii) 50 mg/kg, and iv) 100 mg/kg. All hens were subjected to heat-stress treatment through maintaining the temperature and the relative humidity at 28.83±3.85°C and 37% to 53.9%, respectively. During the experiment, laying rate, egg weight and feed intake of hens were recorded daily. At the 30th and 60th day after the start of the experiment, biochemical parameters, enzyme activity and immune activity in serum were measured. Egg production, average egg weight, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and percentage of speckled egg, soft shell egg and misshaped egg were significantly improved (pGABA-producer. Shape index, eggshell thickness, strength and weight were increased linearly with increasing GABA-producer supplementation. The level of calcium, phosphorus, glucose, total protein and albumin in serum of the hens fed GABA-producing strain supplemented diet was significantly higher (plevel was decreased. Compared with the basal diet, GABA-producer strain supplementation increased serum level of glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.009) and superoxide dismutase. In conclusion, GABA-producer played an important role in alleviating heat-stress, the isolated GABA-producer strain might be a potential natural and safe probiotic to use to improve laying performance and egg quality in heat-stressed hens.

  18. An efficient process for lactic acid production from wheat straw by a newly isolated Bacillus coagulans strain IPE22.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Yuming; Chen, Xiangrong; Luo, Jianquan; Qi, Benkun; Wan, Yinhua

    2014-04-01

    A thermophilic lactic acid (LA) producer was isolated and identified as Bacillus coagulans strain IPE22. The strain showed remarkable capability to ferment pentose, hexose and cellobiose, and was also resistant to inhibitors from lignocellulosic hydrolysates. Based on the strain's promising features, an efficient process was developed to produce LA from wheat straw. The process consisted of biomass pretreatment by dilute sulfuric acid and subsequent SSCF (simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation), while the operations of solid-liquid separation and detoxification were avoided. Using this process, 46.12 g LA could be produced from 100g dry wheat straw with a supplement of 10 g/L corn steep liquid powder at the cellulase loading of 20 FPU (filter paper activity units)/g cellulose. The process by B. coagulans IPE22 provides an economical route to produce LA from lignocellulose. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  19. Effect of Probiotic supplementation on Growth parameters of Osmanabadi Kids

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A.B. Kanduri

    2009-02-01

    Full Text Available The study was conducted to assess the effect of probiotic supplementation on growth parameters viz. body weight, body height, chest girth and body length of Osmanabadi kids. A multi-strain commercially available probiotic (Protexin containing Lactobacillus species, Streptococcus species and Yeast was administered orally at a dose rate of 2 gm per 25 kg body weight daily for 2 months to the treatment group. At the end of the first and second week, all the growth parameters were higher in the treatment group as compared to the control group, though the difference was not statistically significant. However, from the third week onwards, all growth parameters were significantly higher in the treatment group as compared to the control group. [Vet. World 2009; 2(1.000: 29-30

  20. Prohibited Contaminants in Dietary Supplements.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mathews, Neilson M

    With the increasing use of unregulated dietary supplements, athletes are at continued risk from adverse medical events and inadvertent doping. A review of Clinical Key, MEDLINE, and PubMed databases from 2012 to 2017 was performed using search terms, including dietary supplement, contamination, doping in athletes, inadvertent doping, and prohibited substances. The references of pertinent articles were reviewed for other relevant sources. Clinical review. Level 3. Poor manufacturing processes and intentional contamination with many banned substances continue to occur in dietary supplements sold in the United States. Certain sectors, such as weight loss and muscle-building supplements, pose a greater threat because they are more likely to be contaminated. Athletes will continue to be at risk for adverse events and failed doping tests due to contaminated dietary supplements until legislation changes how they are regulated. In the interim, there are several steps that can be taken to mitigate this risk, including improved education of medical staff and athletes and use of third party-certified products.

  1. 40 CFR 141.809 - Supplemental treatment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 22 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Supplemental treatment. 141.809... treatment. (a) Any supplemental drinking water treatment units installed onboard existing or new aircraft... the manufacturer's plans and specifications and FAA requirements. (b) Water supplemental treatment and...

  2. Use of dietary supplements among Brazilian athletes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hellen Clair Garcez NABUCO

    Full Text Available ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the prevalence and establish the profile of the consumption of dietary supplements among Brazilian athletes. Methods: A total of 182 athletes of both genders from 20 different sports participated in this study. The athletes answered a questionnaire containing sociodemographic and sports-related questions and were interviewed about the consumption of dietary supplements. Results: Forty seven percent of athletes reported having consumed at least one type of dietary supplement and 38% said they use more than three different types of supplements concurrently. Whey protein was the most commonly consumed supplement, and the most frequently mentioned reason for its consumption was performance improvement. The main source of information was coaches, and individual sport athletes were the greatest consumers and the most likely to seek dietary supplement. Conclusion: Approximately half of the participants used dietary supplements, which on most occasions were recommended by coaches. The consumption profile also revealed multiple supplementation practice and showed that nutrition education is essential for this specific population.

  3. Adverse Effects of Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ronis, Martin J J; Pedersen, Kim B; Watt, James

    2018-01-06

    Over 70% of Americans take some form of dietary supplement every day, and the supplement industry is currently big business, with a gross of over $28 billion. However, unlike either foods or drugs, supplements do not need to be registered or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) prior to production or sales. Under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994, the FDA is restricted to adverse report monitoring postmarketing. Despite widespread consumption, there is limited evidence of health benefits related to nutraceutical or supplement use in well-nourished adults. In contrast, a small number of these products have the potential to produce significant toxicity. In addition, patients often do not disclose supplement use to their physicians. Therefore, the risk of adverse drug-supplement interactions is significant. An overview of the major supplement and nutraceutical classes is presented here, together with known toxic effects and the potential for drug interactions.

  4. Cardiovascular Effects of Calcium Supplements

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ian R. Reid

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Calcium supplements reduce bone turnover and slow the rate of bone loss. However, few studies have demonstrated reduced fracture incidence with calcium supplements, and meta-analyses show only a 10% decrease in fractures, which is of borderline statistical and clinical significance. Trials in normal older women and in patients with renal impairment suggest that calcium supplements increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. To further assess their safety, we recently conducted a meta-analysis of trials of calcium supplements, and found a 27%–31% increase in risk of myocardial infarction, and a 12%–20% increase in risk of stroke. These findings are robust because they are based on pre-specified analyses of randomized, placebo-controlled trials and are consistent across the trials. Co-administration of vitamin D with calcium does not lessen these adverse effects. The increased cardiovascular risk with calcium supplements is consistent with epidemiological data relating higher circulating calcium concentrations to cardiovascular disease in normal populations. There are several possible pathophysiological mechanisms for these effects, including effects on vascular calcification, vascular cells, blood coagulation and calcium-sensing receptors. Thus, the non-skeletal risks of calcium supplements appear to outweigh any skeletal benefits, and are they appear to be unnecessary for the efficacy of other osteoporosis treatments.

  5. Cellulose synthesis by Komagataeibacter rhaeticus strain P 1463 isolated from Kombucha.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Semjonovs, Pavels; Ruklisha, Maija; Paegle, Longina; Saka, Madara; Treimane, Rita; Skute, Marite; Rozenberga, Linda; Vikele, Laura; Sabovics, Martins; Cleenwerck, Ilse

    2017-02-01

    Isolate B17 from Kombucha was estimated to be an efficient producer of bacterial cellulose (BC). The isolate was deposited under the number P 1463 and identified as Komagataeibacter rhaeticus by comparing a generated amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP™) DNA fingerprint against a reference database. Static cultivation of the K. rhaeticus strain P 1463 in Hestrin and Schramm (HS) medium resulted in 4.40 ± 0.22 g/L BC being produced, corresponding to a BC yield from glucose of 25.30 ± 1.78 %, when the inoculum was made with a modified HS medium containing 10 g/L glucose. Fermentations for 5 days using media containing apple juice with analogous carbon source concentrations resulted in 4.77 ± 0.24 g/L BC being synthesised, corresponding to a yield from the consumed sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose) of 37.00 ± 2.61 %. The capacity of K. rhaeticus strain P 1463 to synthesise BC was found to be much higher than that of two reference strains for cellulose production, Komagataeibacter xylinus DSM 46604 and Komagataeibacter hansenii DSM 5602 T , and was also considerably higher than that of K. hansenii strain B22, isolated from another Kombucha sample. The BC synthesised by K. rhaeticus strain P 1463 after 40 days of cultivation in HS medium with additional glucose supplemented to the cell culture during cultivation was shown to have a degree of polymerization of 3300.0 ± 122.1 glucose units, a tensile strength of 65.50 ± 3.27 MPa and a length at break of 16.50 ± 0.83 km. For the other strains, these properties did not exceed 25.60 ± 1.28 MPa and 15.20 ± 0.76 km.

  6. Degradative capacities and bioaugmentation potential of an anaerobic benzene-degrading bacterium strain DN11

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yuki Kasai; Yumiko Kodama; Yoh Takahata; Toshihiro Hoaki; Kazuya Watanabe [Marine Biotechnology Institute, Kamaishi (Japan)

    2007-09-15

    Azoarcus sp. strain DN11 is a denitrifying bacterium capable of benzene degradation under anaerobic conditions. The present study evaluated strain DN11 for its application to bioaugmentation of benzene-contaminated underground aquifers. Strain DN11 could grow on benzene, toluene, m-xylene, and benzoate as the sole carbon and energy sources under nitrate-reducing conditions, although o- and p-xylenes were transformed in the presence of toluene. Phenol was not utilized under anaerobic conditions. Kinetic analysis of anaerobic benzene degradation estimated its apparent affinity and inhibition constants to be 0.82 and 11 {mu}M, respectively. Benzene-contaminated groundwater taken from a former coal-distillation plant site in Aichi, Japan was anaerobically incubated in laboratory bottles and supplemented with either inorganic nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and nitrate) alone, or the nutrients plus strain DN11, showing that benzene was significantly degraded only when DN11 was introduced. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments, and quantitative PCR revealed that DN11 decreased after benzene was degraded. Following the decrease in DN11 16S rRNA gene fragments corresponding to bacteria related to Owenweeksia hongkongensis and Pelotomaculum isophthalicum, appeared as strong bands, suggesting possible metabolic interactions in anaerobic benzene degradation. Results suggest that DN11 is potentially useful for degrading benzene that contaminates underground aquifers at relatively low concentrations. 50 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.

  7. Assessment of a strain 19 brucellosis vaccination program in elk

    Science.gov (United States)

    Maichak, Eric J.; Scurlock, Brandon M.; Cross, Paul C.; Rogerson, Jared D.; Edwards, William H.; Wise, Benjamin; Smith, Scott G.; Kreeger, Terry J.

    2017-01-01

    Zoonotic diseases in wildlife present substantial challenges and risks to host populations, susceptible domestic livestock populations, and affected stakeholders. Brucellosis, a disease caused by the bacterium Brucella abortus, is endemic among elk (Cervus canadensis) attending winter feedgrounds and adjacent areas of western Wyoming, USA. To minimize transmission of brucellosis from elk to elk and elk to livestock, managers initiated a B. abortus strain 19 ballistic vaccination program in 1985. We used brucellosis prevalence (1971–2015) and reproductive outcome (2006–2015) data collected from female elk attending feedgrounds to assess efficacy of the strain 19 program while controlling for potentially confounding factors such as site and age. From our generalized linear models, we found that seroprevalence of brucellosis was 1) not lower following inception of vaccination; 2) not inversely associated with proportion of juveniles vaccinated over time; 3) not inversely associated with additional yearlings and adults vaccinated over time; and 4) associated more with feeding end-date than proportion of juveniles vaccinated. Using vaginal implant transmitters in adult females that were seropositive for brucellosis, we found little effect of vaccination coverage at reducing reproductive failures (i.e., abortion or stillbirth). Because we found limited support for efficacy of the strain 19 program, we support research to develop an oral vaccine and suggest that continuing other spatio-temporal management actions will be most effective to minimize transmission of brucellosis and reduce dependency of elk on supplemental winter feeding.

  8. 42 CFR 422.102 - Supplemental benefits.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Supplemental benefits. 422.102 Section 422.102... (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM MEDICARE ADVANTAGE PROGRAM Benefits and Beneficiary Protections § 422.102 Supplemental benefits. (a) Mandatory supplemental benefits. (1) Subject to CMS approval, an MA organization may...

  9. 20 CFR 227.2 - Initial supplemental annuity rate.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Initial supplemental annuity rate. 227.2... COMPUTING SUPPLEMENTAL ANNUITIES § 227.2 Initial supplemental annuity rate. The supplemental annuity rate... supplemental annuity rate is $43 for an employee with 30 or more years of service. ...

  10. Dietary supplements and team-sport performance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bishop, David

    2010-12-01

    A well designed diet is the foundation upon which optimal training and performance can be developed. However, as long as competitive sports have existed, athletes have attempted to improve their performance by ingesting a variety of substances. This practice has given rise to a multi-billion-dollar industry that aggressively markets its products as performance enhancing, often without objective, scientific evidence to support such claims. While a number of excellent reviews have evaluated the performance-enhancing effects of most dietary supplements, less attention has been paid to the performance-enhancing claims of dietary supplements in the context of team-sport performance. Dietary supplements that enhance some types of athletic performance may not necessarily enhance team-sport performance (and vice versa). Thus, the first aim of this review is to critically evaluate the ergogenic value of the most common dietary supplements used by team-sport athletes. The term dietary supplements will be used in this review and is defined as any product taken by the mouth, in addition to common foods, that has been proposed to have a performance-enhancing effect; this review will only discuss substances that are not currently banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency. Evidence is emerging to support the performance-enhancing claims of some, but not all, dietary supplements that have been proposed to improve team-sport-related performance. For example, there is good evidence that caffeine can improve single-sprint performance, while caffeine, creatine and sodium bicarbonate ingestion have all been demonstrated to improve multiple-sprint performance. The evidence is not so strong for the performance-enhancing benefits of β-alanine or colostrum. Current evidence does not support the ingestion of ribose, branched-chain amino acids or β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate, especially in well trained athletes. More research on the performance-enhancing effects of the dietary supplements

  11. Effects of probiotic supplement ( and on feed efficiency, growth performance, and microbial population of weaning rabbits

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thanh Lam Phuoc

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of single or/and double strains of probiotic supplement on feed efficiency, growth performance, and microbial population in distal gastrointestinal tract (GIT of weaning rabbits. Methods Sixty-four weaning (28 days old New Zealand White rabbits were randomly distributed into four groups with treatments including: basal diet without probiotic supplement (control or supplemented as follows: 1×106 cfu/g B. subtilis (BS group, 1×107 cfu/g L. acidophilus (LA group, or 0.5×106 cfu/g B. subtilis plus 0.5×107 cfu/g L. acidophilus (BL group. During the research, the male and female rabbits were fed separately. Body weight of the rabbits was recorded at 28, 42, and 70 d of age. Results There was an increase (p<0.05 in body weight gain for the LA group at 42 d. Rabbits fed BL responsed with a greater growth (p<0.05 and better feed conversion ratio (p<0.05 than those fed with no probiotic. Digestibility coefficients of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and gross energy were higher (p<0.05 in LA and BL groups than those in the control group. Male rabbits had higher (p<0.05 Bacilli spp. and Coliformis spp. in the ileum than female rabbits. Rabbits supplemented with BS had greater (p<0.05 numbers of bacilli in all intestinal segments than those receiving no probiotic, whereas intestinal Lactobacilli populations were greater (p<0.001 in the LA and BL diets compared to control. Average intestinal coliform populations were lowest (p<0.05 in the rabbits supplemented with LA as compared to those fed the control and BS. Conclusion Supplementation of L. acidophilus alone or in combination with B. subtilis at a half of dose could enhance number of gut beneficial bacteria populations, nutrient digestibility, cecal fermentation, feed efficiency, and growth performance, but rabbits receiving only B. subtilis alone were not different from the controls without probiotic.

  12. 43 CFR 7.32 - Supplemental definitions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-01

    ... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Supplemental definitions. 7.32 Section 7... RESOURCES Department of the Interior Supplemental Regulations § 7.32 Supplemental definitions. For purposes of this subpart, the following definitions will be used: (a) Site of religious or cultural importance...

  13. 22 CFR 71.12 - Dietary supplements.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Dietary supplements. 71.12 Section 71.12... Incarcerated Abroad § 71.12 Dietary supplements. (a) Eligibility criteria. A prisoner is considered eligible for the dietary supplement program under the following general criteria: (1) An evaluation by a...

  14. Nicosulfuron Biodegradation by a Novel Cold-Adapted Strain Oceanisphaera psychrotolerans LAM-WHM-ZC.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhou, Shan; Song, Jinlong; Dong, Weiwei; Mu, Yingchun; Zhang, Qi; Fan, Ziwen; Wang, Yanwei; Kong, Delong; Zhou, Yiqing; Jiang, Xu; Zhao, Bin; Han, Gang; Ruan, Zhiyong

    2017-11-29

    Nicosulfuron is a common environmental pollutant, posing a great threat to aquatic systems and causing significant damage to crops. This study reported a cold-adapted strain Oceanisphaera psychrotolerans LAM-WHM-ZC, which efficiently degrades nicosulfuron over a wide range of temperatures (5 to 40 °C). The Box-Behnken design method was used to optimize the degradation conditions. O. psychrotolerans LAM-WHM-ZC can degrade 92.4% and 74.6% of initially supplemented 100 mg/L nicosulfuron under the optimum and low temperature of 18.1 and 5 °C, respectively, within 7 days. O. psychrotolerans LAM-WHM-ZC was found to be highly efficient in degrading cinosulfuron, chlorsulfuron, rimsulfuron, bensulfuron methyl, and ethametsulfuron methyl. Metabolites from nicosulfuron degradation were identified by UPLC-MS, and a possible degradation pathway was proposed. Furthermore, O. psychrotolerans LAM-WHM-ZC can also degrade nicosulfuron in soil; 78.6% and 67.4% of the initial nicosulfuron supplemented at 50 mg/kg were removed at 18.1 and 5 °C, respectively, within 15 days.

  15. Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca como indicador de salud en el deporte: validación con un cuestionario de calidad de vida (SF-12)

    OpenAIRE

    Capdevila Ortís, Lluís; Rodas Font, Gil; Ocaña Mariné, Marta; Parrado Romero, Eva; Pintanel Bassets, Mónica; Valero Herreros, Montserrat

    2008-01-01

    Introducción y objetivo: El análisis de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (VFC) se utiliza cada vez más en el ámbito de la medicina del deporte para evaluar la adaptación al entrenamiento de los deportistas. Nuestro objetivo es validar el análisis de la VFC como indicador de salud, comparando los parámetros de VFC con las puntuaciones del SF-12 en una muestra de personas sanas. Método: Estudio experimental con 32 sujetos sanos, 18 varones y 14 mujeres (26,19 años de promedio). Se util...

  16. SACCHAROTHRIX SP. ABH26, A NEW ACTINOBACTERIAL STRAIN FROM ALGERIAN SAHARAN SOIL: ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abdelhadi Lahoum

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available A new strain of actinobacteria, designated ABH26, was isolated from a Saharan soil in the Adrar region (Algeria, by the dilution agar plating method using a chitin-vitamins B medium supplemented with polymyxin and penicillin. The morphological studies showed that this strain represents a member of the Saccharothrix genus. Phylogenetic analysis showed that this strain had 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities ranging from 97.63% (with Saccharothrix violaceirubra NBRC 102064T to 99.86% (with Saccharothrix xinjiangensis NBRC 101911T. Furthermore, strain ABH26 presented a strong activity against mycotoxigenic and phytopathogenic fungi including Aspergillus carbonarius (M333, A. flavus (NRRL 3251, A. westerdijkiae (ATCC 3174, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini (Fol and F. solani (Fsol. Additionally, the strain exhibited an important antimicrobial activity against many strains of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans (M2, M3 and IPA200 and against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA 639c. Thus, four solvents (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol were used for the extraction of produced antibiotic compounds. The highest antimicrobial activities were obtained using the butanolic extract. The thin layer chromatography (TLC method showed two bioactive spots, named HAD1 and HAD2, which were reveled negatively by using chemical revelators (ninhydrin, naphtoresorcinol-sulfuric acid, ferrous iron chloride and formaldehyde-sulfuric. These results indicated the absence of amine group, sugar, hydroxamic acid, phenol and aromatic compound.

  17. Cirurgia cardíaca em uma sociedade multiétnica: a experiência do Caribbean Heart Care Cardiac surgery in a multi-ethnic low volume service: the Caribbean Heart Care Experience

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jose Burgos-Irazabal

    2005-09-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: A população do Caribe constitui uma sociedade multiétnica, incluindo caucasianos, afro-caribenhos, indianos, asiáticos, hispânicos, europeus e nativos, com uma grande variabilidade de padrões socioeconômicos. A incidência e os tipos de doenças cardíacas também variam significativamente entre essas etnias. Relatamos aqui a experiência (em pacientes adultos e pediátricos em um serviço de cirurgia cardíaca de baixo volume em Trinidad e Tobago, no Caribe. MÉTODO: O programa de cirurgia cardíaca de adultos começou em novembro de 1993, são reportados os dados de 878 pacientes (629 homens, idade entre 18 e 88 anos, com média de 67 anos. Destes, 39,4% eram diabéticos e 46,5% hipertensos. Os procedimentos incluíram cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (CRM, reparo e substituição de valvas e cirurgias da aorta. O programa de cirurgia cardíaca pediátrica (idades entre duas semanas e 21 anos começou em setembro de 1998, tendo sido realizado um total de 279 operações. RESULTADOS: Adultos - a mortalidade total foi de 3,8%. A maioria dos procedimentos foi CRM (82,3% com mortalidade total de 2,8% (0% em 2004. A técnica sem circulação extracorpórea foi empregada em 43% dos procedimentos de CRM (71,2% em 2004. A cirurgia de valva aórtica foi feita em 49 pacientes, e a substituição/reparo da valva mitral em 96 doentes. Pediátricos - a maioria dos procedimentos foi correção de comunicação interventricular (111, comunicação interatrial (57, tetralogia de Fallot (23, e 88 outros (com mortalidade de 1,5%. CONCLUSÃO: Cirurgia cardíaca em um serviço multiétnico de baixo volume pode ser realizada com excelentes resultados, comparáveis com padrões internacionais de qualidade.INTRODUCTION: The Caribbean is a multi-ethnic society, including Caucasian, Afro-Caribbean, East Indians, Asians, Hispanics, European and natives, which has a broad range of living standards. The incidence and types of heart diseases

  18. Muerte súbita por conmoción cardíaca (Commotio cordis asociada a miocardio no compactado Sudden death due to commotio cordis associated to non compacted myocardium

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Analía Aquieri

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available El miocardio no compactado es una rara miocardiopatía congénita caracterizada por la presencia de múltiples y prominentes trabeculaciones profundas en la pared ventricular que definen hendiduras comunicantes con el compartimiento ventricular principal. Es una entidad de baja incidencia y prevalencia que se diagnostica mediante estudios de imágenes como el ecocardiograma Doppler (ED, la tomografía computarizada multicorte (TCM y la resonancia magnética cardíaca (RMC. Puede ser asintomática o manifestarse mediante arritmias, insuficiencia cardíaca o eventos tromboembólicos. Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 33 años, asintomático, que durante la práctica deportiva sufre una conmoción cardíaca (commotio cordis que le produce un paro cardiorrespiratorio. El electrocardiograma mostró un ritmo de aleteo ventricular que requirió cardiodesfibrilación eléctrica. En un ED efectuado inicialmente no se observaron anormalidades significativas, pero otro ED, una TCM y una RMN obtenidos luego del alta, certificaron el hallazgo de miocardio no compactado aislado, descartando coronariopatía. Recibió tratamiento beta bloqueante y antiagregante y se discutió la colocación del cardiodesfibrilador implantable. Se plantea la fisiopatología de la asociación de estas dos infrecuentes y potencialmente letales afecciones.Non compact of the left ventricular myocardium is a rare congenital cardiomyopathy characterized by the presence of multiple and prominent deep trabeculations in the ventricular wall, that define recesses communicated with the main ventricular chamber. This is a condition with low incidence and prevalence, diagnosed through imaging techniques such as Doppler echocardiogram (DE, multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI. Clinically, it may be asymptomatic or manifested by cardiac arrhythmias, heart failure or thromboembolism. This is a report on a 33 year old asymptomatic man who suffered a blow on

  19. Mineral supplementation for grazing ruminants

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    McDowell, L.R.; Conrad, J.H.; Ellis, G.L.

    1986-01-01

    Grazing ruminants to which concentrate feeds cannot be economically fed must rely on self-feeding of mineral supplements. A number of factors affect mineral consumption of free-choice mixtures. Livestock exhibit little nutritional wisdom and will select palatable mixtures in preference to mixtures designed to meet their requirements. Palatability and appetite stimulators are often used to achieve a more uniform herd-wide consumption. It is best to formulate free-choice mixtures on the basis of analyses or other available data. However, when no information on mineral status is known, a free-choice complete mineral supplement is warranted. A 'complete' mineral mixture usually includes salt, a low fluoride P source, Ca, Co, Cu, I, Mn and Zn. Selenium, Mg, K, S, Fe or additional elements can be incorporated into a mineral supplement as new information suggests a need. The detriment to ruminant production caused by providing Ca, Se and Cu in excess can be greater than any benefit derived by providing a mineral supplement. In regions where high forage Mo predominates, three to five times the Cu content in mineral mixtures is needed to counteract Mo toxicity. Supplemental minerals are most critical during the wet season, when cattle are gaining weight rapidly and energy and protein supplies are adequate. Economic return on mineral supplementation is high. (author)

  20. Pseudoaneurisma de artéria ilíaca comum como complicação de cirurgia para hérnia discal lombar: relato de caso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    HANEL RICARDO A.

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available A cirurgia para tratamento da doença discal lombo-sacra pode cursar com complicações severas, iatrogênicas incluindo-se as neurológicas, vasculares, entéricas, ureterais e disfunção sexual podendo levar o paciente à morte dependendo da extensão da lesão. Abramovitz relata que as complicações vasculares do acesso posterior para o tratamento hérnia discal lombo-sacra ocorrem em menos de 0,1% dos casos As lesões vasculares podem manifestar-se de maneira imediata como hemorragia arterial levando a choque hipovolêmico no per ou pós-operatório imediato, devendo ser diagnosticadas e tratadas prontamente. Sinais precoces de hemorragia retroperitoneal se manifestam na vigência de lesões traumáticas, sendo os pseudoaneurismas e as fístulas arteriovenosas diagnosticados tardiamente, semanas ou mesmo após anos. Descrevemos o caso de uma paciente de 39 anos que foi submetida a tratamento cirúrgico de hérnia discal no espaço L4-L5, à direita, em outro serviço. Devido ao fato de persistirem os sintomas dolorosos, foi encaminhada ao nosso serviço. Na investigação a ressonância magnética mostrou lesão paravertebral sugestiva de abscesso. A angiografia aorto-ilíaca revelou a presença de pseudoaneurisma na artéria ilíaca comum esquerda, o qual foi reparado cirurgicamente com sucesso. Discutimos os mecanismos das lesões vasculares e as precauções para evitá-las.

  1. 20 CFR 226.16 - Supplemental annuity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Supplemental annuity. 226.16 Section 226.16... EMPLOYEE, SPOUSE, AND DIVORCED SPOUSE ANNUITIES Computing an Employee Annuity § 226.16 Supplemental annuity. A supplemental annuity is payable in addition to tiers I and II and the vested dual benefit to an...

  2. Probiotic properties of Lactobacillus strains isolated from Tibetan kefir grains.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yongchen Zheng

    Full Text Available The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional properties of lactic acid bacteria (LAB isolated from Tibetan kefir grains. Three Lactobacillus isolates identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus LA15, Lactobacillus plantarum B23 and Lactobacillus kefiri D17 that showed resistance to acid and bile salts were selected for further evaluation of their probiotic properties. The 3 selected strains expressed high in vitro adherence to Caco-2 cells. They were sensitive to gentamicin, erythromycin and chloramphenicol and resistant to vancomycin with MIC values of 26 µg/ml. All 3 strains showed potential bile salt hydrolase (BSH activity, cholesterol assimilation and cholesterol co-precipitation ability. Additionally, the potential effect of these strains on plasma cholesterol levels was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley (SD rats. Rats in 4 treatment groups were fed the following experimental diets for 4 weeks: a high-cholesterol diet, a high-cholesterol diet plus LA15, a high-cholesterol diet plus B23 or a high-cholesterol diet plus D17. The total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the serum were significantly (P<0.05 decreased in the LAB-treated rats compared with rats fed a high-cholesterol diet without LAB supplementation. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in groups B23 and D17 were significantly (P<0.05 higher than those in the control and LA15 groups. Additionally, both fecal cholesterol and bile acid levels were significantly (P<0.05 increased after LAB administration. Fecal lactobacilli counts were significantly (P<0.05 higher in the LAB treatment groups than in the control groups. Furthermore, the 3 strains were detected in the rat small intestine, colon and feces during the feeding trial. The bacteria levels remained high even after the LAB administration had been stopped for 2 weeks. These results suggest that these strains may be used in the future as probiotic starter cultures for

  3. Probiotic Properties of Lactobacillus Strains Isolated from Tibetan Kefir Grains

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zheng, Yongchen; Lu, Yingli; Wang, Jinfeng; Yang, Longfei; Pan, Chenyu; Huang, Ying

    2013-01-01

    The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional properties of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Tibetan kefir grains. Three Lactobacillus isolates identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus LA15, Lactobacillus plantarum B23 and Lactobacillus kefiri D17 that showed resistance to acid and bile salts were selected for further evaluation of their probiotic properties. The 3 selected strains expressed high in vitro adherence to Caco-2 cells. They were sensitive to gentamicin, erythromycin and chloramphenicol and resistant to vancomycin with MIC values of 26 µg/ml. All 3 strains showed potential bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity, cholesterol assimilation and cholesterol co-precipitation ability. Additionally, the potential effect of these strains on plasma cholesterol levels was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Rats in 4 treatment groups were fed the following experimental diets for 4 weeks: a high-cholesterol diet, a high-cholesterol diet plus LA15, a high-cholesterol diet plus B23 or a high-cholesterol diet plus D17. The total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the serum were significantly (P<0.05) decreased in the LAB-treated rats compared with rats fed a high-cholesterol diet without LAB supplementation. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in groups B23 and D17 were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those in the control and LA15 groups. Additionally, both fecal cholesterol and bile acid levels were significantly (P<0.05) increased after LAB administration. Fecal lactobacilli counts were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the LAB treatment groups than in the control groups. Furthermore, the 3 strains were detected in the rat small intestine, colon and feces during the feeding trial. The bacteria levels remained high even after the LAB administration had been stopped for 2 weeks. These results suggest that these strains may be used in the future as probiotic starter cultures for manufacturing

  4. Comparative metabolomics profiling of engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae lead to a strategy that improving β-carotene production by acetate supplementation.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Xiao Bu

    Full Text Available A comparative metabolomic analysis was conducted on recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain producing β-carotene and the parent strain cultivated with glucose as carbon source using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS, high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS based approach. The results showed that most of the central intermediates associated with amino acids, carbohydrates, glycolysis and TCA cycle intermediates (acetic acid, glycerol, citric acid, pyruvic acid and succinic acid, fatty acids, ergosterol and energy metabolites were produced in a lower amount in recombinant strain, as compared to the parent strain. To increase β-carotene production in recombinant strain, a strategy that exogenous addition of acetate (10 g/l in exponential phase was developed, which could enhance most intracellular metabolites levels and result in 39.3% and 14.2% improvement of β-carotene concentration and production, respectively, which was accompanied by the enhancement of acetyl-CoA, fatty acids, ergosterol and ATP contents in cells. These results indicated that the amounts of intracellular metabolites in engineered strain are largely consumed by carotenoid formation. Therefore, maintaining intracellular metabolites pool at normal levels is essential for carotenoid biosynthesis. To relieve this limitation, rational supplementation of acetate could be a potential way because it can partially restore the levels of intracellular metabolites and improve the production of carotenoid compounds in recombinant S. cerevisiae.

  5. Oral potassium supplementation in surgical patients.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hainsworth, Alison J; Gatenby, Piers A

    2008-08-01

    Hospital inpatients are frequently hypokalaemic. Low plasma potassium levels may cause life threatening complications, such as cardiac arrhythmias. Potassium supplementation may be administered parenterally or enterally. Oral potassium supplements have been associated with oesophageal ulceration, strictures and gastritis. An alternative to potassium salt tablets or solution is dietary modification with potassium rich food stuffs, which has been proven to be a safe and effective method for potassium supplementation. The potassium content of one medium banana is equivalent to a 12 mmol potassium salt tablet. Potassium supplementation by dietary modification has been shown to be equally efficacious to oral potassium salt supplementation and is preferred by the majority of patients. Subsequently, it is our practice to replace potassium using dietary modification, particularly in surgical patients having undergone oesophagogastrectomy or in those with peptic ulcer disease.

  6. Commercially marketed supplements for bodybuilding athletes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Grunewald, K K; Bailey, R S

    1993-02-01

    We conducted a survey of 624 commercially available supplements targeted towards bodybuilding athletes. Over 800 performance claims were made for these supplements. Supplements include amino acids, boron, carnitine, choline, chromium, dibencozide, ferulic acid, gamma oryzanol, medium chain triglycerides, weight gain powders, Smilax compounds and yohimbine. Many performance claims advertised were not supported by published research studies. In some instances, we found no research to validate the claims; in other cases, research findings were extrapolated to inappropriate applications. For example, biological functions of some non-essential compounds were interpreted as performance claims for the supplements. Claims for others were based on their ability to enhance hormonal release or activity. We suggest that more research be conducted on this group of athletes and their nutritional needs. Furthermore, the effectiveness and safety of supplements merit further investigation.

  7. Creatine supplementation and swim performance: a brief review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hopwood, Melissa J; Graham, Kenneth; Rooney, Kieron B

    2006-03-01

    Nutritional supplements are popular among athletes participating in a wide variety of sports. Creatine is one of the most commonly used dietary supplements, as it has been shown to be beneficial in improving performance during repeated bouts of high-intensity anaerobic activity. This review examines the specific effects of creatine supplementation on swimming performance, and considers the effects of creatine supplementation on various measures of power development in this population. Research performed on the effect of creatine supplementation on swimming performance indicates that whilst creatine supplementation is ineffective in improving performance during a single sprint swim, dietary creatine supplementation may benefit repeated interval swim set performance. Considering the relationship between sprint swimming performance and measurements of power, the effect of creatine supplementation on power development in swimmers has also been examined. When measured on a swim bench ergometer, power development does show some improvement following a creatine supplementation regime. How this improvement in power output transfers to performance in the pool is uncertain. Although some evidence exists to suggest a gender effect on the performance improvements seen in swimmers following creatine supplementation, the majority of research indicates that male and female swimmers respond equally to supplementation. A major limitation to previous research is the lack of consideration given to the possible stroke dependant effect of creatine supplementation on swimming performance. The majority of the research conducted to date has involved examination of the freestyle swimming stroke only. The potential for performance improvements in the breaststroke and butterfly swimming strokes is discussed, with regards to the biomechanical differences and differences in efficiency between these strokes and freestyle. Key PointsCreatine supplementation does not improve single sprint

  8. Should You Take Dietary Supplements?

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... 2013 Print this issue Should You Take Dietary Supplements? A Look at Vitamins, Minerals, Botanicals and More ... Gut in Check Wise Choices Safe Use of Supplements Tell all of your health care providers about ...

  9. Influence of dietary nicotinic acid supplementation on lipid metabolism and related gene expression in two distinct broiler breeds of female chickens.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiang, R R; Zhao, G P; Zhao, J P; Chen, J L; Zheng, M Q; Liu, R R; Wen, J

    2014-10-01

    This study aimed to evaluate the influence of supplemental dietary nicotinic acid (NA) on lipid metabolism and hepatic expression of related genes in female chickens of two distinct broiler strains [Arbor Acres (AA) and Beijing-You (BJY)]. The treatments were arranged in a 2 × 4 factorial in a completely randomized design. Day-old females (n = 384) were allocated to four treatments with six cages per treatment and fed diets (basal contained approximately 25 mg NA/kg) supplemented with 0, 30, 60 and 120 mg NA/kg. A sample of 72 birds from each breed was slaughtered and sampled at their different market times (8 week for AA and 16 week for BJY). Arbor Acres broilers had thickness of subcutaneous fat plus the skin (SFS), and plasma concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) and lower percentage of abdominal fat (PAF), plasma concentrations of TG, NEFA and adiponectin than the BJY line. The hepatic transcription of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I), apolipoproteinB (ApoB), and adiponectin was significantly higher in AA broilers than in BJY broilers. In both breeds, BW, PAF, SFS, NEFA and TG were increased with increasing supplementation from 0 to 60 mg NA/kg, but then decreased slightly with 120 mg added NA/kg. With increasing supplementation, hepatic expression and plasma concentrations of adiponectin decreased from 0 to 60 mg added NA/kg and then increased with 120 mg added NA/kg. The expression of ApoA-I and ApoB mRNA showed linear response to dietary supplementation with NA. These findings indicate that: (i) supplementation of NA influenced the lipid metabolism and related gene expression; (ii) when supplemented with 120 mg NA/kg, some pharmacologic actions on lipid metabolism appeared; and (iii) changes in BW and fat deposition appeared to be associated with hepatic expression of adiponectin.

  10. Insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva por estenosis aórtica calcificada tratada con éxito en el hogar Congenital heart failure due to calcified aortic stenosis successfully treated at home

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roidel Pérez Pérez

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available Se describe la historia de un paciente con una insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva debido a una estenosis aórtica calcificada, con un cuadro de arritmia cardíaca relativamente complejo, que fue ingresado en el hogar y tratado por el grupo básico de trabajo de su área de salud. Se le realizaron las investigaciones imprescindibles para un adecuado manejo médico, restableciéndosele la salud al paciente, e incorporándolo a su vida laboral, sin necesidad de ingreso hospitalario. Se demostró una vez más la ventaja de este estilo de trabajo en la atención médica de salud y el gran nivel de satisfacción de la población.The history of a patient suffering from congenital heart failure due to a calcified aortic stenosis, with a relatively complex picture of heart arrhytmia, that was admitted at home and treated by the basic working group in his health area, is described. All the investigations necessary for an adequate medical management were made. The patient's health was reestablished and he was able to work again without being hospitalized. It was proved once again the advantage of this working style in health care and the high level of the patient's satisfaction.

  11. Antagonistic effect of Lactobacillus strains against gas-producing coliforms isolated from colicky infants

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Oggero Roberto

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Infantile colic is a common disturb within the first 3 months of life, nevertheless the pathogenesis is incompletely understood and treatment remains an open issue. Intestinal gas production is thought to be one of the causes of abdominal discomfort in infants suffering from colic. However, data about the role of the amount of gas produced by infants' colonic microbiota and the correlation with the onset of colic symptoms are scanty. The benefit of supplementation with lactobacilli been recently reported but the mechanisms by which they exert their effects have not yet been fully defined. This study was performed to evaluate the interaction between Lactobacillus spp. strains and gas-forming coliforms isolated from stools of colicky infants. Results Strains of coliforms were isolated from stools of 45 colicky and 42 control breastfed infants in McConkey Agar and identified using PCR with species-specific primers, and the BBL™ Enterotube™ II system for Enterobacteriaceae. Gas-forming capability of coliforms was assessed in liquid cultures containing lactose as sole carbon source. The average count of total coliforms in colicky infants was significantly higher than controls: 5.98 (2.00-8.76 log10 vs 3.90 (2.50-7.10 CFU/g of faeces (p = 0.015. The following strains were identified: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae and Enterococcus faecalis. Then, 27 Lactobacillus strains were tested for their antagonistic effect against coliforms both by halo-forming method and in liquid co-cultures. Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.delbrueckii DSM 20074 and L. plantarum MB 456 were able to inhibit all coliforms strains (halo-forming method, also in liquid co-cultures, thus demonstrating an antagonistic activity. Conclusions This study shows that two out of 27 strains of Lactobacillus examined possess an antimicrobial effect against six species of gas-forming coliforms

  12. Antagonistic effect of Lactobacillus strains against gas-producing coliforms isolated from colicky infants.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Savino, Francesco; Cordisco, Lisa; Tarasco, Valentina; Locatelli, Emanuela; Di Gioia, Diana; Oggero, Roberto; Matteuzzi, Diego

    2011-06-30

    Infantile colic is a common disturb within the first 3 months of life, nevertheless the pathogenesis is incompletely understood and treatment remains an open issue. Intestinal gas production is thought to be one of the causes of abdominal discomfort in infants suffering from colic. However, data about the role of the amount of gas produced by infants' colonic microbiota and the correlation with the onset of colic symptoms are scanty. The benefit of supplementation with lactobacilli been recently reported but the mechanisms by which they exert their effects have not yet been fully defined. This study was performed to evaluate the interaction between Lactobacillus spp. strains and gas-forming coliforms isolated from stools of colicky infants. Strains of coliforms were isolated from stools of 45 colicky and 42 control breastfed infants in McConkey Agar and identified using PCR with species-specific primers, and the BBL™ Enterotube™ II system for Enterobacteriaceae. Gas-forming capability of coliforms was assessed in liquid cultures containing lactose as sole carbon source. The average count of total coliforms in colicky infants was significantly higher than controls: 5.98 (2.00-8.76) log10 vs 3.90 (2.50-7.10) CFU/g of faeces (p = 0.015). The following strains were identified: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae and Enterococcus faecalis. Then, 27 Lactobacillus strains were tested for their antagonistic effect against coliforms both by halo-forming method and in liquid co-cultures. Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii DSM 20074 and L. plantarum MB 456 were able to inhibit all coliforms strains (halo-forming method), also in liquid co-cultures, thus demonstrating an antagonistic activity. This study shows that two out of 27 strains of Lactobacillus examined possess an antimicrobial effect against six species of gas-forming coliforms isolated from colicky infants. Our findings may stimulate

  13. Development of a strain-specific real-time PCR assay for enumeration of a probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri in chicken feed and intestine.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Verity Ann Sattler

    Full Text Available A strain-specific real-time PCR assay was developed for quantification of a probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri (DSM 16350 in poultry feed and intestine. The specific primers were designed based on a genomic sequence of the strain derived from suppression subtractive hybridization with the type strain L. reuteri DSM 20016. Specificity was tested using a set of non-target strains from several sources. Applicability of the real-time PCR assay was evaluated in a controlled broiler feeding trial by using standard curves specific for feed and intestinal matrices. The amount of the probiotic L. reuteri was determined in feed from three feeding phases and in intestinal samples of the jejunum, ileum, and caecum of three, 14, and 39 day old birds. L. reuteri DSM 16350 cells were enumerated in all feeds supplemented with the probiotic close to the inclusion rate of 7.0 × 10(3 cfu/g, however, were not detected in L. reuteri DSM 16350 free feed. In three day old birds L. reuteri DSM 16350 was only detected in intestinal samples from probiotic fed animals ranging from 8.2 ± 7.8 × 10(5 cfu/g in the jejunum, 1.0 ± 1.1×10(7 cfu/g in the ileum, and 2.5 ± 5.7 × 10(5 cfu/g in the caecum. Similar results were obtained for intestinal samples of older birds (14 and 39 days. With increasing age of the animals the amount of L. reuteri signals in the control animals, however, also increased, indicating the appearance of highly similar bacterial genomes in the gut microbiota. The L. reuteri DSM 16350 qPCR assay could be used in future for feeding trials to assure the accurate inclusion of the supplement to the feed and to monitor it's uptake into the GIT of young chicken.

  14. Development of a strain-specific real-time PCR assay for enumeration of a probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri in chicken feed and intestine.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sattler, Verity Ann; Mohnl, Michaela; Klose, Viviana

    2014-01-01

    A strain-specific real-time PCR assay was developed for quantification of a probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri (DSM 16350) in poultry feed and intestine. The specific primers were designed based on a genomic sequence of the strain derived from suppression subtractive hybridization with the type strain L. reuteri DSM 20016. Specificity was tested using a set of non-target strains from several sources. Applicability of the real-time PCR assay was evaluated in a controlled broiler feeding trial by using standard curves specific for feed and intestinal matrices. The amount of the probiotic L. reuteri was determined in feed from three feeding phases and in intestinal samples of the jejunum, ileum, and caecum of three, 14, and 39 day old birds. L. reuteri DSM 16350 cells were enumerated in all feeds supplemented with the probiotic close to the inclusion rate of 7.0 × 10(3) cfu/g, however, were not detected in L. reuteri DSM 16350 free feed. In three day old birds L. reuteri DSM 16350 was only detected in intestinal samples from probiotic fed animals ranging from 8.2 ± 7.8 × 10(5) cfu/g in the jejunum, 1.0 ± 1.1×10(7) cfu/g in the ileum, and 2.5 ± 5.7 × 10(5) cfu/g in the caecum. Similar results were obtained for intestinal samples of older birds (14 and 39 days). With increasing age of the animals the amount of L. reuteri signals in the control animals, however, also increased, indicating the appearance of highly similar bacterial genomes in the gut microbiota. The L. reuteri DSM 16350 qPCR assay could be used in future for feeding trials to assure the accurate inclusion of the supplement to the feed and to monitor it's uptake into the GIT of young chicken.

  15. Performance of broiler chicken fed varied nutrient density diets supplemented with direct fed microbial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Katoch S.

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Comparative dietary response of different isolated strains (Direct fed microbial- DFM of lactobacilli, streptococci and yeast isolated from leopard feces (Panthera leo was studied as probiotic in poultry broiler birds reared as per varied mineral densities viz. calcium and phosphorus. Various treatments consisted of T0 (Control, culture medium, T1 (Lactobacillus casei + Streptococcus fecalis + Saccharomyces cerevisiae offered standard formulated diet D1, T2 - Control (Culture medium offered ten percent lower calcium and phosphorus diet D2, T3 (Lactobacillus casei + Streptococcus fecalis + Saccharomyces cerevisiae offered ten percent lower calcium and phosphorus diet D2. Growth results obtained during the starter phase (1st to 3rd week exhibited higher gain in live body weight and lower feed conversion ratio, both by DFM supplemented treatment T1 offered standard formulated diet D1 and treatment T3 offered experimentally formulated mineral (Ca and P deficient (10% diet D2 compared to respective control T0 and T2. The obtained results revealed a significantly higher growth performance in treatment T1 compared to its control T0 where a higher growth in treatment T3 offered experimentally formulated mineral (Ca and P deficient (10% diet D2 supplemented with isolated DFM compared to its control T2 was exhibited. Treatment groups T1 and T3 supplemented with isolated DFM exhibited a better intestinal micro flora balance, effective colonization and higher count in the intestinal tract with higher calcium and phosphorus retention in the digestibility studies. Thus, it was found that supplementation of isolated DFM has the potential to improve biological growth performance of poultry broiler birds offered both standard formulated diet D1, as well as mineral deficient diet D2. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III 46002

  16. Dietary Supplements: What You Need to Know

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Food Home Food Resources for You Consumers Dietary Supplements: What You Need to Know Share Tweet Linkedin ... and nutrients you personally need. What are dietary supplements? Dietary supplements include such ingredients as vitamins, minerals, ...

  17. Supplemental Colleges

    Data.gov (United States)

    Department of Homeland Security — The Supplemental Colleges layer attempts to capture additional Post Secondary Education campuses of colleges and universities associated with a single campus listed...

  18. Valor preditivo da frequência cardíaca em repouso do teste ergométrico na mortalidade Valor predictivo de la frecuencia cardíaca en reposo del test ergométrico en la mortalidad Predictive value of resting heart rate for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jaqueline Eilert Fagundes

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A frequência cardíaca em repouso (cuja média está entre 60 e 80 bpm é uma das mais simples variáveis cardiovasculares e tem sido considerada como um preditor de mortalidade cardiovascular e geral. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o valor preditivo da frequência cardíaca em repouso (FCR, antes do teste ergométrico (TE, na mortalidade cardiovascular (CV e geral. MÉTODOS: Estudo de caso-controle, que utilizou informações contidas nos bancos de dados do laboratório de ergometria de um hospital especializado em cardiologia e os registros de óbitos da Secretaria da Saúde em uma cidade do sul do Brasil, de janeiro de 1995 a junho de 2007. Foram analisados 7.055 pacientes, sendo 1.645 (23,3% do grupo caso (óbitos e 5.410 (76,7% do grupo controle (vivos. Foi calculado o ponto de corte da FCR para mortalidade, através da curva ROC e realizada a análise multivariada para as variáveis selecionadas. Os desfechos foram mortalidade CV e geral. RESULTADOS: A incidência de mortalidade CV foi de 674 casos (9,5%; a FCR > 78 bpm foi o ponto de corte. Após ajustado para as variáveis selecionadas, o odds ratio (OR para FCR > 78 bpm foi de 3,5 (IC 95% = 2,9 - 4,2 para mortalidade CV e 3,6 (IC 95% = 3,2 - 4,0 para mortalidade geral. CONCLUSÃO: A FCR > 78 bpm é um preditor independente de mortalidade cardiovascular e geral.FUNDAMENTO: La frecuencia cardíaca en reposo (cuya media está entre 60 y 80 lpm es una de las más simples variables cardiovasculares y ha sido considerada como un predictor de mortalidad cardiovascular y general.' OBJETIVO: Evaluar el valor predictivo de la frecuencia cardíaca en reposo (FCR, antes del test ergométrico (TE, en la mortalidad cardiovascular (CV y general. MÉTODOS: Estudio de caso-control, que utilizó informaciones contenidas en los bancos de datos del laboratorio de ergometría de un hospital especializado en cardiología y los registros de óbitos de la Secretaría de Salud en una ciudad del sur del Brasil

  19. The Content of Mercury in Herbal Dietary Supplements.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brodziak-Dopierała, Barbara; Fischer, Agnieszka; Szczelina, Wioletta; Stojko, Jerzy

    2018-01-17

    The dietary supplement market in Poland has been growing rapidly, and the number of registered products and their consumption increases steadily. Among the most popular and the easiest to get are herbal supplements, available in any supermarket. The aim of this paper was to investigate the mercury content in the herbal supplements. The dietary supplements that have been examined (24) are available on the Polish market and contain one or more herbal ingredients. Supplements were pulverized in porcelain mortar and identified by AMA 254 atomic absorption spectrometer. The range of variations for all tested supplements was within 0.02-4293.07 μg/kg. The arithmetic mean of the total result was 193.77 μg/kg. A higher mercury content then this mean was found in preparations-bamboo shoots and alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa. The studies have shown that mercury is present in every examined herbal supplement, and its content exceeds in two preparations (with bamboo and alga) the permissible limit of 0.10 mg/kg. There were statistically significant differences in the occurrence of mercury depending on the herbal ingredient in the supplement. The lowest content was found in the preparation with Tanacetum parthenium and the highest with bamboo shoots. The mercury content in the tested herbal supplements was statistically significant in the form of a supplement-a tablet and a capsule. Daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly consumption of mercury with examined supplements was calculated-the results did not exceed the PTWI-provisional tolerable weekly intake of mercury. To increase consumer safety, it is imperative to conduct further research on dietary supplements and implement a stricter quality control of the dietary supplements.

  20. Patient feelings during the preoperative period for cardiac surgery Sentimientos de los pacientes en el preoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca Sentimentos de pacientes no pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tatiana Victorelli Pires Vargas

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available This qualitative study aimed to identify the feelings patients presented when confronted with the news about the need to undergo cardiac surgery and, later, during the preoperative period. Twenty male patients were interviewed. The case study methodology was adopted and the analysis process resulted in two theme categories: Feelings of apprehension (fear, worry, anxiety, suspicion and jittery and Positive and hopeful feelings. We observed that, although both categories were present at the two moments, over time, during the preoperative period, the need for surgical intervention was accepted better and the Feelings of apprehension started to be mentioned less, while the Positive and hopeful feelings were most frequently mentioned by the patients.Fueron entrevistados a 20 pacientes del género masculino con objeto de identificar los sentimientos demostrados tras la noticia a cerca de la necesidad de realizar una cirugía cardíaca y, posteriormente, en el período de internación preoperatoria. La metodología utilizada fue la del estudio de caso y el proceso de análisis resultó en dos categorías temáticas: Sentimientos de aprensión (miedo, preocupación, ansiedad, recelo, desconfianza y nerviosismo y Sentimientos positivos y de esperanza. Constatamos que, aunque esas dos categorías estuvieron presentes en los dos momentos, a lo largo del tiempo, en el período de internación preoperatoria, los pacientes aceptaron mejor la necesidad de la intervención quirúrgica y los Sentimientos de aprensión pasaron a ser menos citados, mientras los Sentimientos positivos y de esperanza eran los más relatados por los pacientes.Com o objetivo de identificar os sentimentos apresentados frente à notícia da necessidade de realização de uma cirurgia cardíaca e, posteriormente, no período de internação que a antecede (pré-operatório, foram entrevistados 20 pacientes do sexo masculino. A metodologia foi a de estudo de caso, e o processo de an

  1. 2017 Annual Disability Statistics Supplement

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lauer, E. A; Houtenville, A. J.

    2018-01-01

    The "Annual Disability Statistics Supplement" is a companion report to the "Annual Disability Statistics Compendium." The "Supplement" presents statistics on the same topics as the "Compendium," with additional categorizations by demographic characteristics including age, gender and race/ethnicity. In…

  2. Aspectos da miocardite em chagásicos crônicos com "megas" e sem "megas" com insuficiência cardíaca congestiva

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hipólito de Oliveira Almeida

    1984-06-01

    Full Text Available O estudo microscópico de 20 corações de chagásicos com "megas" e de outros 20 sem "megas" com insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (ICC revelou que tanto a Jibrose quanto o exsudato inflamatório no miocárdio são discretos nos casos de "megas" e geralmente acentuados nos casos de ICC. Considerando-se que nos "megas" a ICC, a hipertrofia do miocárdio e a lesão vorticilar são fenômenos raros, nossos achados (atuais e anteriores sugerem que estes estejam relacionados principalmente com a agressão inflamatória ao miocárdio ventricular, uma vez que a desnervação é, geralmente, mais acentuada nos casos de "megas" que nos de ICC.

  3. Supplemental information

    Data.gov (United States)

    U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — Supplemental information showing results of inter-comparison between C-PORT, AERMOD and R-LINE dispersion algorithms. This dataset is associated with the following...

  4. Linfadenectomia inguinoilíaca laparoscópica, após impregnação linfática com diferentes marcadores em cadelas hígidas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Wiecheteck de Souza

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO: O sistema linfático mamário de animais saudáveis e neoplásicos é pouco estudado. Inexistem respostas detalhadas quanto ao padrão de comunicação entre as cadeias linfáticas mamárias com as abdominais e pélvicas em animais sadios ou com neoplasmas na referida glândula. Por essa razão, pretendeu-se avaliar a ocorrência dessa comunicação linfática intrabdominal, verificando também se a cadeia linfática inguinoilíaca poderia ser adequadamente abordada via cirurgia laparoscópica. Para tanto, os animais foram distribuídos, de forma randômica, em três grupos cirúrgicos: pacientes submetidos à técnica de coloração linfática com o corante azul de metileno estéril (G1; animais submetidos à técnica de impregnação linfática com o corante verde de indocianina (G2; animais submetidos à técnica demarcação linfática, utilizando solução fisiológica de NaCl a 0,9% (G3. Em todos os grupos, foi realizada a aplicação intradérmica, do corante ou solução fisiológica, ao redor da mama inguinal direita, em tempos distintos de 12h ou 30min, antes da incisão de pele. Após, foram coletadas, por videolaparoscopia, duas regiões contendo tecido adiposo, laterais às artérias ilíacas interna e externas, buscando avaliar a presença e o número de linfonodos extirpardos. Por último, realizou-se a ovário-histerectomia eletiva pelos mesmos portais de acesso. Foram considerados ainda, o tempo de cirurgia e as complicações e dificuldades técnicas trans e pós-operatórias. A técnica proposta de linfadenectomia inginoilíaca intrabdominal não obteve êxito na coleta de linfonodos. As técnicas de marcação linfática realizadas, utilizando tanto o azul de metileno a 1%, como o verde de indocianina a 1%, não evidenciaram nenhuma marcação transoperatória nos tempos estudados. Em relação às complicações e dificuldades técnicas trans e pós-operatórias, observou-se, em todos os animais, reações de

  5. 42 CFR 403.220 - Supplemental Health Insurance Panel.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Supplemental Health Insurance Panel. 403.220... Programs § 403.220 Supplemental Health Insurance Panel. (a) Membership. The Supplemental Health Insurance... determines whether or not a State regulatory program for Medicare supplemental health insurance policies...

  6. Nitrite exhaled breath condensate study in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass cardiac surgery Estudo do nitrito do condensado do exalado pulmonar em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca com CEC

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Viviane dos Santos Augusto

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: There is a relative lack of studies on postoperative changes in nitrite (NO2 - concentrations, a marker of injury, following cardiac surgery. In this context, investigations on how exhaled NO concentrations vary in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery will certainly contribute to new clinical findings. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the EBC NO levels in both the pre and postoperative (24 hours periods of cardiac surgery. METHODS: Twenty - eight individuals were divided into three groups: 1 control, 2 coronary artery bypass grafting, and 3 valve surgery. The nitrite (NO2 - levels were measured by chemiluminescence in blood samples and exhaled breath condensate (EBC. Data were analyzed by the Mann - Whitney and Wilcoxon tests. RESULTS: 1 Preoperatively, the EBC NO2 - levels from groups 2 and 3 patients were higher than control individuals; 2 The postoperative (24 hours NO2 - levels in the EBC from group 3 patients were lower compared with preoperative values; 3 The NO2 - levels in the plasma from group 2 patients were lower in the preoperative compared with the postoperative (24h values and; 4 Preoperatively, there was no difference between groups 2 and 3 in terms of plasma NO2 - concentrations. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that NO measurement in EBC is feasible in cardiac surgery patients.INTRODUÇÃO: Estudos mostrando alterações das concentrações de nitrito (NO2 - exalado, com biomarcador de lesão, são raros em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. Nesse contexto, o seu estudo no pré e pós - operatório de cirurgias cardíacas poderá contribuir para novos dados clínicos. OBJETIVO: O objetivo foi comparar os níveis de nitrito (NO2 - do condensado do exalado pulmonar (CEP no pré e pós - operatório de cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea. MÉTODOS: Vinte e oito indivíduos foram alocados em três grupos: 1 controle, 2 revascularização do miocárdio e 3 corre

  7. Identification of furfural as a key toxin in lignocellulosic hydrolysates and evolution of a tolerant yeast strain

    Science.gov (United States)

    Heer, Dominik; Sauer, Uwe

    2008-01-01

    Summary The production of fuel ethanol from low‐cost lignocellulosic biomass currently suffers from several limitations. One of them is the presence of inhibitors in lignocellulosic hydrolysates that are released during pre‐treatment. These compounds inhibit growth and hamper the production of ethanol, thereby affecting process economics. To delineate the effects of such complex mixtures, we conducted a chemical analysis of four different real‐world lignocellulosic hydrolysates and determined their toxicological effect on yeast. By correlating the potential inhibitor abundance to the growth‐inhibiting properties of the corresponding hydrolysates, we identified furfural as an important contributor to hydrolysate toxicity for yeast. Subsequently, we conducted a targeted evolution experiment to improve growth behaviour of the half industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain TMB3400 in the hydrolysates. After about 300 generations, representative clones from these evolved populations exhibited significantly reduced lag phases in medium containing the single inhibitor furfural, but also in hydrolysate‐supplemented medium. Furthermore, these strains were able to grow at concentrations of hydrolysates that effectively killed the parental strain and exhibited significantly improved bioconversion characteristics under industrially relevant conditions. The improved resistance of our evolved strains was based on their capacity to remain viable in a toxic environment during the prolonged, furfural induced lag phase. PMID:21261870

  8. Protecting military personnel from high risk dietary supplements.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Deuster, Patricia A; Lieberman, Harris R

    2016-01-01

    It is legal tomarketmost naturally occurring substances as dietary supplements in the USA without manufacturers demonstrating they are safe or effective, and an endless variety of ingredients, from esoteric botanicals to unapproved pharmaceuticals, can be found in dietary supplements. Use of certain supplements can pose a risk, but since a robust reporting systemdoes not exist in the USA it is difficult to know which are problematic and the number of adverse events (AE) resulting from their use. Certain populations, includingmilitary personnel, aremore likely to use dietary supplements than the general population. Approximately 70% of military personnel take dietary supplements while about 50% of civilians do. Service members prefer supplements purported to enhance physical performance such as supposedly natural stimulants, protein and amino acids, and combination products. Since some of thesemay be problematic, Servicemembers are probably at higher risk of injury than the general population. Ten percent of military populations appear to be taking potentially risky supplements, and the US Department of Defense (DoD) has taken variousmeasures to protect uniformed personnel including education, policy changes, and restricting sales. Actions taken include launching Operation Supplement Safety (OPSS), introducing a High Risk Supplement list, educating health care professionals on reporting AE thatmight be associated with dietary supplements, recommending policy for reporting AE, and developing an online AE reporting system. OPSS is a DoD-wide effort to educate service members, leaders, health care providers, military families, and retirees on how to safely select supplements

  9. Comparison of the effects of diet sterilization by irradiation and autoclaving on the equilibrium between eleven microbe strains seeded in the alimentary tracts of axenic mice

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ducluzeau, R.; Clara, A.

    1978-01-01

    Eleven obligate or facultative anaerobe strains were seeded successively in the alimentary tracts of 'gnotoxenic' mice. The animals were divided into four groups which received a commercially available diet sterilized by autoclaving or by irradiation (4Mrad) or treated with the two methods in succession and supplemented or not supplemented in vitamins. A series of quantitative differential analyses carried out over a period of seven months on the faeces of the animals did not reveal any significant differences in the equilibrium that became established among the eleven strains in the faecal flora of the four groups of animals. At the end of the experiment quantitative differential analyses were performed of the stomachal and caecal flora of two animals from each group; again no differences were found in the equilibrium of the flora in the animals from the different groups. Any radiolytic products that may have been in the radiation-sterilized diet therefore had no detectable effect on the equilibrium of the microflora that the authors had chosen to establish in the alimentary tract of the 'gnotoxenic' animals. (author)

  10. Ausência de desgaste agudo da musculatura esquelética e cardíaca em atletas amadores de triathlon

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Fátima Glaner

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2009v11n1p37 A creatina quinase (CK e a sua fração músculo-cérebro (CK MB podem estar ligadas a danos no tecido muscular e cardíaco, respectivamente, como conseqüência de exercícios prolongados e intensos. O estudo teve como objetivo verificar se a variação aguda da CK e da CK MB reflete algum risco de desgaste acentuado para a musculatura esquelética e cardíaca, de atletas amadores, após o Ironman 70.3. A amostra foi composta por dez atletas voluntários, masculinos (idade= 34,0 ± 9,2 anos. A amostra de sangue venoso (2mL foi coletada antes e após o Ironman 70.3. Os voluntários completaram o percurso em 5h20min à 6h. A CK e a CK MB foram analisadas pelo método enzimático, usando reagentes Wienner lab, em um espectrofotômetro automático (Targa bt 3000. O teste não paramétrico de Wilcoxon indicou diferenças significativas (p <0,05 entre os períodos pré e pós competição nas variáveis estudadas. Os valores médios foram: CK= 112,23 ± 34,9U/L e 458,0 ± 204,9U/L (Δ%= 418,2; CK MB= 7,4 ± 2,6U/L e 10,8 ± 3,9U/L (Δ%= 153,3, respectivamente, para pré e pós. A variação relativa da CK MB em relação à CK, pré (6,9% e pós competição (2,5%, indicou que este não é um fator tão preocupante durante o exercício extenuante de longa duração, como o Ironman 70.3. Conclui-se que a concentração aguda de CK, logo após o término do exercício extenuante de longa duração, indicou desgaste da musculatura esquelética, porém considerado normal para atletas. Quanto à CK MB, o desgaste da musculatura cardíaca foi inexistente.

  11. A strain gauge

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    2016-01-01

    The invention relates to a strain gauge of a carrier layer and a meandering measurement grid positioned on the carrier layer, wherein the strain gauge comprises two reinforcement members positioned on the carrier layer at opposite ends of the measurement grid in the axial direction....... The reinforcement members are each placed within a certain axial distance to the measurement grid with the axial distance being equal to or smaller than a factor times the grid spacing. The invention further relates to a multi-axial strain gauge such as a bi-axial strain gauge or a strain gauge rosette where each...... of the strain gauges comprises reinforcement members. The invention further relates to a method for manufacturing a strain gauge as mentioned above....

  12. CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION AND SWIM PERFORMANCE: A BRIEF REVIEW

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Melissa J. Hopwood

    2006-03-01

    Full Text Available Nutritional supplements are popular among athletes participating in a wide variety of sports. Creatine is one of the most commonly used dietary supplements, as it has been shown to be beneficial in improving performance during repeated bouts of high-intensity anaerobic activity. This review examines the specific effects of creatine supplementation on swimming performance, and considers the effects of creatine supplementation on various measures of power development in this population. Research performed on the effect of creatine supplementation on swimming performance indicates that whilst creatine supplementation is ineffective in improving performance during a single sprint swim, dietary creatine supplementation may benefit repeated interval swim set performance. Considering the relationship between sprint swimming performance and measurements of power, the effect of creatine supplementation on power development in swimmers has also been examined. When measured on a swim bench ergometer, power development does show some improvement following a creatine supplementation regime. How this improvement in power output transfers to performance in the pool is uncertain. Although some evidence exists to suggest a gender effect on the performance improvements seen in swimmers following creatine supplementation, the majority of research indicates that male and female swimmers respond equally to supplementation. A major limitation to previous research is the lack of consideration given to the possible stroke dependant effect of creatine supplementation on swimming performance. The majority of the research conducted to date has involved examination of the freestyle swimming stroke only. The potential for performance improvements in the breaststroke and butterfly swimming strokes is discussed, with regards to the biomechanical differences and differences in efficiency between these strokes and freestyle

  13. Espectro óculo-aurículo-vertebral e malformações cardíacas Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum and cardiac malformations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rafael Fabiano Machado Rosa

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar a frequência e tipos de cardiopatias congênitas em uma amostra de pacientes portadores de espectro óculo-aurículo-vertebral (EOAV, tentando correlacionar a presença desta malformação com suas demais características clínicas e evolução. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta por 33 indivíduos, todos atendidos em um mesmo centro, no período de janeiro de 1975 a dezembro de 2007. Vinte e dois deles eram do sexo masculino e 11 do feminino e suas idades variaram de 1 dia a 17 anos. Todos apresentavam avaliação cariotípica normal por bandas GTG. Realizou-se uma coleta de dados referentes à sua história clínica, exame físico e resultado de avaliações complementares. RESULTADOS: Anormalidades cardíacas foram observadas em 13 pacientes (39,4%. Dessas, cinco (38,5% eram do tipo conotruncal, sendo o principal defeito a tetralogia de Fallot (n=2. Malformações não usuais identificadas incluíram o cor triatriatum e a dupla via de entrada de ventrículo esquerdo. Diferenças significativas entre as características clínicas do grupo com e sem cardiopatia foram verificadas somente em relação à idade na primeira avaliação, que foi mais baixa naqueles com malformações cardíacas. Cinco indivíduos foram a óbito, quatro deles portadores desses defeitos. CONCLUSÃO: Malformações cardíacas, em especial dos tipos conotruncal e septal, são frequentes entre pacientes com EOAV. A frequência encontrada em nosso estudo foi estatisticamente similar à da maior parte dos trabalhos descritos na literatura, que oscila de 18% a 58%. As cardiopatias congênitas também representam a principal causa de óbito desses indivíduos. Portanto, uma avaliação cardiológica, especialmente precoce, deveria ser sempre realizada nesses pacientes.OBJECTIVE: To verify the frequency and types of congenital heart defects in a sample of patients with oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS, in an effort to correlate presence of these

  14. Development of intra-strain self-cloning procedure for breeding baker's yeast strains.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nakagawa, Youji; Ogihara, Hiroyuki; Mochizuki, Chisato; Yamamura, Hideki; Iimura, Yuzuru; Hayakawa, Masayuki

    2017-03-01

    Previously reported self-cloning procedures for breeding of industrial yeast strains require DNA from other strains, plasmid DNA, or mutagenesis. Therefore, we aimed to construct a self-cloning baker's yeast strain that exhibits freeze tolerance via an improved self-cloning procedure. We first disrupted the URA3 gene of a prototrophic baker's yeast strain without the use of any marker gene, resulting in a Δura3 homozygous disruptant. Then, the URA3 gene of the parental baker's yeast strain was used as a selection marker to introduce the constitutive TDH3 promoter upstream of the PDE2 gene encoding high-affinity cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. This self-cloning procedure was performed without using DNA from other Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, plasmid DNA, or mutagenesis and was therefore designated an intra-strain self-cloning procedure. Using this self-cloning procedure, we succeeded in producing self-cloning baker's yeast strains that harbor the TDH3p-PDE2 gene heterozygously and homozygously, designated TDH3p-PDE2 hetero and TDH3p-PDE2 homo strains, respectively. These self-cloning strains expressed much higher levels of PDE2 mRNA than the parental strain and exhibited higher viability after freeze stress, as well as higher fermentation ability in frozen dough, when compared with the parental strain. The TDH3p-PDE2 homo strain was genetically more stable than the TDH3p-PDE2 hetero strain. These results indicate that both heterozygous and homozygous strains of self-cloning PDE2-overexpressing freeze-tolerant strains of industrial baker's yeast can be prepared using the intra-strain self-cloning procedure, and, from a practical viewpoint, the TDH3p-PDE2 homo strain constructed in this study is preferable to the TDH3p-PDE2 hetero strain for frozen dough baking. Copyright © 2016 The Society for Biotechnology, Japan. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  15. Mineral supplementation in Tunisian smallholder dairy farms

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rekhis, J.; Kouki-Chebbi, K.; Dhaouadi, B.; Khlif, K.

    2002-01-01

    The aim of the experiment was to determine the effects of supplementation of di-calcium-phosphate in the form of blocks in late pregnancy (2 months before calving), on production and reproduction parameters of dairy cattle in smallholder farms. The experiment covered 63 animals in 20 smallholder farms, divided into control and supplemented groups. Results showed that mineral supplementation had a significant effect on calf weight, milk fat content and reproduction parameters. Calves born to cattle supplemented with di-calcium-phosphate were heavier by 1.67 kg than those in the control group. Similarly, the average milk fat content in the supplemented group was 5.6 g/L (P 0.05). (author)

  16. Tamización cardíaca para prevención de muerte súbita en atletas de representación de la Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    García-Ortiz, José David

    2017-01-01

    RESUMEN La participación activa en el deporte es benéfica para la salud y el bienestar de los individuos, pero, inherente a su práctica, hay un incremento en el riesgo de sufrir diversas lesiones y muerte cardíaca súbita; por esto, el Comité Olímpico Internacional recomienda a los atletas someterse a una tamización cardiovascular antes de participar en el deporte. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la prevalencia de trastornos cardiovasculares subyacentes que predisponen a la muerte sú...

  17. Supplements in pregnancy: the latest recommendations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martínez García, Rosa María

    2016-07-12

    Pregnancy is a challenge from the nutritional point of view, because nutrient requirements are increased and alter its intake can affect maternal and fetal health. Micronutrient defi ciency states are related to preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, abortion and congenital anomalies. Currently, the diet of many expectant mothers is insufficient in micronutrients, in this cases supplementation is necessary. It is recommended supplementation with folic acid in doses of 400 mcg / day and 5 mg/day in risk pregnant, and should begin at least one month before conception and during the first 12 weeks gestation, and extend it throughout pregnancy in mothers with nutritional risk. It is important to keep watch the proper dose of folic acid to prevent possible adverse effects of unmetabolized accumulation in plasma. A high percentage of pregnant women presented iron deficiency anemia, being recommended intermittent use of iron supplements (with lower gastrointestinal alteration and oxidative stress); not recommended for mothers without anemia (hemoglobin> 13.5 g / L). Since calcium absorption is increased up to 40% in gestation, its supplementation is not recommended for mothers with adequate intakes (3 dairy / day), and its use must be reserved to women with inadequate intakes and / or high risk of preeclampsia. Regarding the iodine, there are confl icting positions by different working groups established potassium iodide supplementation in women who do not reach their recommended intake (3 servings of milk and dairy products + 2 g of iodized salt), with their diets. Given that vitamin A and D can be toxic to mother and fetus, it is not recommended its supplementation except in cases of deficiency. Although the use of multiple micronutrients supplements may favorably impact the outcome of pregnancy, more scientific evidence is needed to establish the replacement of iron and folic acid with a multiple micronutrient supplement.

  18. Synbiotic impact of tagatose on viability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG mediated by the phosphotransferase system (PTS).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Koh, Ji Hoon; Choi, Seung Hye; Park, Seung Won; Choi, Nag-Jin; Kim, Younghoon; Kim, Sae Hun

    2013-10-01

    Synbiotics, the combination of prebiotics and probiotics, has been shown to produce synergistic effects that promote gastrointestinal well-being of host. Tagatose is a low calorie food ingredient with putative health-promoting benefits. Herein, we investigated its synbiotic impact on the viability of Lactobacillus casei 01 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG and the potential mechanism involved. Tagatose, as a synbiotic substrate, enhanced the growth of L. casei 01 and L. rhamnosus strain GG compared to other prebiotics. Other gut-indigenous such as Clostridium spp. readily utilized fructooligosaccharide (FOS), the most widely used functional prebiotics, but not tagatose. Additionally, tagatose enhanced probiotic functions of L. casei 01 and L. rhamnosus strain GG by reinforcing their attachment on HT-29 intestine epithelial cells and enhancing their cholesterol-lowering activities. Whole transcriptome study and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) test showed that the presence of tagatose in L. rhamnosus strain GG caused induction of a large number of genes associated with carbohydrate metabolism including the phosphotransferase system (PTS). Collectively, these results indicate the tagatose enhanced the growth of L. casei 01 and L. rhamnosus strain GG and their probiotic activities by activating tagatose-associated PTS networks. Importantly, this study highlights the potential application of tagatose and L. casei 01 and/or L. rhamnosus strain GG as a synbiotic partner in functional dairy foods (i.e. yogurt and cheese) and therapeutic dietary supplements. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  19. Women Saw Large Decrease In Out-Of-Pocket Spending For Contraceptives After ACA Mandate Removed Cost Sharing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Becker, Nora V; Polsky, Daniel

    2015-07-01

    The Affordable Care Act mandates that private health insurance plans cover prescription contraceptives with no consumer cost sharing. The positive financial impact of this new provision on consumers who purchase contraceptives could be substantial, but it has not yet been estimated. Using a large administrative claims data set from a national insurer, we estimated out-of-pocket spending before and after the mandate. We found that mean and median per prescription out-of-pocket expenses have decreased for almost all reversible contraceptive methods on the market. The average percentages of out-of-pocket spending for oral contraceptive pill prescriptions and intrauterine device insertions by women using those methods both dropped by 20 percentage points after implementation of the ACA mandate. We estimated average out-of-pocket savings per contraceptive user to be $248 for the intrauterine device and $255 annually for the oral contraceptive pill. Our results suggest that the mandate has led to large reductions in total out-of-pocket spending on contraceptives and that these price changes are likely to be salient for women with private health insurance. Project HOPE—The People-to-People Health Foundation, Inc.

  20. Low-temperature magnetic ordering in the perovskites Pr1-xAxCoO3 (A=Ca, Sr)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Deac, Iosif G.; Tetean, Romulus; Balasz, Istvan; Burzo, Emil

    2010-01-01

    The magnetic and electrical properties of polycrystalline Pr 1-x A x CoO 3 cobaltites with A=Ca, Sr and 0≤x≤0.5 were studied in the temperature range 4 K≤T≤1000 K and field up to 7 T. The X-ray analyses show the presence of only one phase having monoclinic or orthorhombic symmetry. The magnetic measurements indicate that the Ca-doped samples have at low temperatures, similar properties to the frustrated magnetic materials. PrCoO 3 is a paramagnetic insulator in the range from 4 to 1000 K. The Sr-doped cobaltites exhibit two phase transitions: a paramagnetic-ferromagnetic (or magnetic phase separated state) phase transition at about 240 K and a second one at about 100 K. The magnetic measurements suggest the presence of magnetic clusters and a change in the nature of magnetic coupling between Co ions at low temperatures. A semiconducting type behavior and high negative magnetoresistance was found for the Ca-doped samples, while the Sr-doped ones were metallic and with negligible magnetoresistance. The results are analyzed in the frame of a phase separation scenario in the presence of the spin-state transitions of Co ions.