Mechanical characterization of porcine abdominal organs.

Science.gov (United States)

Tamura, Atsutaka; Omori, Kiyoshi; Miki, Kazuo; Lee, Jong B; Yang, King H; King, Albert I

2002-11-01

Typical automotive related abdominal injuries occur due to contact with the rim of the steering wheel, seatbelt and armrest, however, the rate is less than in other body regions. When solid abdominal organs, such as the liver, kidneys and spleen are involved, the injury severity tends to be higher. Although sled and pendulum impact tests have been conducted using cadavers and animals, the mechanical properties and the tissue level injury tolerance of abdominal solid organs are not well characterized. These data are needed in the development of computer models, the improvement of current anthropometric test devices and the enhancement of our understanding of abdominal injury mechanisms. In this study, a series of experimental tests on solid abdominal organs was conducted using porcine liver, kidney and spleen specimens. Additionally, the injury tolerance of the solid organs was deduced from the experimental data.

Estandarización de modelo experimental porcino para defectos óseos maxilares

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A.F. Aguilera-Salgado

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Para evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de cualquier sustituto óseo es necesario probarlo en modelos experimentales antes de iniciar estudios clínicos. En la literatura encontramos distintos modelos experimentales que no han tenido una estandarización adecuada para su evaluación. Nuestro proyecto forma parte de una línea de investigación cuya finalidad es desarrollar un implante óseo mediante técnicas de ingeniería de tejidos. Presentamos la primera etapa del mismo que consiste en estandarizar un modelo experimental en crecimiento. Incluimos 16 cerdos criollos sanos, destetados, de entre 3 y 6 semanas de vida, con peso mayor de 5 kg y de ambos sexos: 10 hembras y 6 machos. Realizamos 56 defectos óseos midiendo en cada uno alto, ancho y espesor con compás quirúrgico. Tras la cirugía, realizamos TAC de cráneo con reconstrucción tridimensional midiendo los mismos valores. Para evaluar el grado de regeneración lograda y los volúmenes residuales, realizamos a las 8 semanas nueva TAC de cráneo midiendo los mismos parámetros. Finalmente, analizamos clínicamente los defectos en cada cerdo tras someterlos a eutanasia y tomamos muestras del tejido regenerado para análisis morfológico, histológico, bioquímico y molecular. Para evaluar la reproducibilidad de la técnica, utilizamos el coeficiente de correlación intraclase, y para la correlación entre las evaluaciones clínicas y tomográficas, el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Estudiamos 56 defectos óseos, el menor de 5 x 5 x 5 mm y el mayor de 25 x 15 x 7 mm, encontrando alta reproducibilidad en la medición clínica y tomográfica del tamaño de los defectos óseos, con altos coeficientes de correlación intraclase. Tras 8 semanas encontramos un alto porcentaje de regeneración ósea en todos los defectos. Realizamos la caracterización del tejido regenerado mediante microscopía electrónica, tinción de hematoxilina/eosina y de Von Kossa, análisis de componentes org

Acomodación abdominal: Fisiopatología de la Distensión Abdominal

OpenAIRE

Villoria Ferrer, Albert

2011-01-01

La distensión abdominal es una alteración clínica frecuente en la población general y en especial en los pacientes afectos de trastornos funcionales digestivos donde se manifiesta de una manera más intensa. El volumen de la cavidad abdominal presenta variaciones fisiológicas en respuesta a la ingesta de alimentos, el llenado vesical o la evacuación rectal. Nuestros datos indican que cuando se realiza un incremento del volumen abdominal de forma experimental en sujetos sanos mediante la infusi...

Modelos

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Luis Argudín

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este texto es una reflexión en torno a la categoría de modelos, que piensa con modelos, a partir de los modelos y para los modelos; también se piensa, se interpreta, se revisa, el significado del modelo. Y esto no sólo por lo que estos exigen su lugar desde la tradición artística, sino por lo que significan para la estética, y aún para la filosofía y la ciencia, pues de lo que se trata es de un ir y venir del pensamiento entre la materialidad y el ejercicio de pensar el oficio.

Privação de sono REM em um modelo experimental da doença de Parkinson

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Luiz A. F. Andrade

1987-09-01

Full Text Available Investigação prévia mostrou que ratos privados de sono (REM SD mostram acentuação de resposta a agonistas dopaminérgicos. As evidências indicam que essa ação parece ser mediada por supersensibilização de receptores dopaminérgicos pós-sinápticos. Com base nisso, foi feita REM SD em ratos com modelo experimental da doença de Parkinson, nos quais foi feita lesão eletrolítica bilateral de ambas as vias nigro-estriatais. Sete dias após a cirurgia os animais eram submetidos a REM SD por 72 horas. Imediatamente após o final deste período era feita observação em campo aberto para a ambulação, "rearing", "grooming" e latência. Em comparação com ratos não-privados foi observado aumento significativo na ambulação e "rearing", resposta que reapareceu após um segundo período de REM SD, realizado 21 dias após a cirurgia. Estes dados, de melhora de dois parâmetros de modelo experimental da doença de Parkinson, sugerem que a privação de sono pode ser útil nesta doença.

Modelos

OpenAIRE

Aroca Hernández-Ros, Ricardo

2000-01-01

Para estudiar las estructuras se recurre a modelos más o menos simplificados más manejables que la cruda realidad. Una vez formulado un modelo nunca hay que olvidar que el modelo es en sí mismo un sistema de información en el que sólo existe lo que tiene cabida en el sistema. Debe cuidarse por tanto al formularlo que no haya aspectos relevantes de la realidad no considerados ya que ello conduciría a graves discrepancias aunque todo el manejo matemático del modelo sea perfecto.

Consumo de bebida alcoólica e adiposidade abdominal em doadores de sangue Consumo de bebida alcohólica y adiposidad abdominal en donadores de sangre Alcohol consumption and abdominal fat in blood donors

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Márcia Gonçalves Ferreira

2008-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a associação entre o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e adiposidade abdominal. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com uma amostra de homens doadores de sangue (N=1.235, de 20 a 59 anos, em Cuiabá (MT, realizado de agosto/1999 a janeiro/2000. Os indicadores de adiposidade abdominal foram circunferência da cintura e relação cintura/quadril, ajustados pela adiposidade total. As medidas aferidas foram: peso, estatura, circunferências da cintura e do quadril. O consumo de álcool foi avaliado utilizando-se um questionário sobre tipo, freqüência e quantidade da bebida consumida. A associação entre o consumo de álcool e adiposidade abdominal foi analisada por regressão linear múltipla, com os modelos ajustados para idade, atividade física, tabagismo e adiposidade total. RESULTADOS: Após ajuste, a circunferência da cintura e a relação cintura quadril mantiveram-se associadas positivamente ao consumo de cerveja (p=0,02 e ao total de álcool consumido (p=0,01 e 0,03, respectivamente. O consumo de aguardente mostrou associação somente com a circunferência da cintura (p=0,04. CONCLUSÕES: O consumo de álcool, particularmente de cerveja, associou-se com a localização abdominal de gordura.OBJETIVO: Analizar la asociación entre el consumo de bebidas alcohólica y adiposidad abdominal. MÉTODOS: Se efectuó estudio transversal con una muestra de hombres donadores de sangre (N= 1.235, de 20 a 59 años, en Cuiabá (Centro-Oeste de Brasil, realizado de agosto/1999 a enero/2000. Los indicadores de adiposidad abdominal fueron circunferencia de la cintura y relación cintura/cuadril, ajustadas por la adiposidad total. Las medidas verificables fueron: peso, estatura, circunferencias de la cintura y del cuadril. El consumo de alcohol fue evaluado utilizándose un cuestionario sobre tipo, frecuencia y cantidad de la bebida consumida. La asociación entre el consumo de alcohol y adiposidad abdominal fue analizada por regresi

Pressure Measurement Techniques for Abdominal Hypertension: Conclusions from an Experimental Model.

Science.gov (United States)

Chopra, Sascha Santosh; Wolf, Stefan; Rohde, Veit; Freimann, Florian Baptist

2015-01-01

Introduction. Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) measurement is an indispensable tool for the diagnosis of abdominal hypertension. Different techniques have been described in the literature and applied in the clinical setting. Methods. A porcine model was created to simulate an abdominal compartment syndrome ranging from baseline IAP to 30 mmHg. Three different measurement techniques were applied, comprising telemetric piezoresistive probes at two different sites (epigastric and pelvic) for direct pressure measurement and intragastric and intravesical probes for indirect measurement. Results. The mean difference between the invasive IAP measurements using telemetric pressure probes and the IVP measurements was -0.58 mmHg. The bias between the invasive IAP measurements and the IGP measurements was 3.8 mmHg. Compared to the realistic results of the intraperitoneal and intravesical measurements, the intragastric data showed a strong tendency towards decreased values. The hydrostatic character of the IAP was eliminated at high-pressure levels. Conclusion. We conclude that intragastric pressure measurement is potentially hazardous and might lead to inaccurately low intra-abdominal pressure values. This may result in missed diagnosis of elevated abdominal pressure or even ACS. The intravesical measurements showed the most accurate values during baseline pressure and both high-pressure plateaus.

Estandarización de modelo experimental porcino para defectos óseos maxilares

OpenAIRE

A.F. Aguilera-Salgado; M.R. Pérez-Dosal

2014-01-01

Para evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de cualquier sustituto óseo es necesario probarlo en modelos experimentales antes de iniciar estudios clínicos. En la literatura encontramos distintos modelos experimentales que no han tenido una estandarización adecuada para su evaluación. Nuestro proyecto forma parte de una línea de investigación cuya finalidad es desarrollar un implante óseo mediante técnicas de ingeniería de tejidos. Presentamos la primera etapa del mismo que consiste en estandarizar u...

Fatores demográficos e comportamentais associados à obesidade abdominal em usuárias de centro de saúde de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil Demographic and behavioral factors associated with abdominal obesity in women attending a health care unit in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

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Edílson Ornelas Oliveira

2007-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar variáveis sócio-demográficas e comportamentais potencialmente associadas à obesidade abdominal, em mulheres usuárias de unidade básica de saúde. MÉTODOS: Foram investigadas 827 mulheres entre 12 e 65 anos, residentes na região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil, utilizando-se desenho transversal. A obesidade abdominal foi definida como valores de circunferência da cintura >88cm. A associação entre obesidade abdominal e as covariáveis foi avaliada por meio da técnica de regressão logística não condicional, com modelos hierarquizados, que estimam os Odds Ratio e os respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS: As maiores prevalências de obesidade abdominal foram encontradas em mulheres >51 anos (63,3% e em mulheres com >5 partos (53,8%. As seguintes variáveis permaneceram associadas à obesidade abdominal no modelo final: idade (Odds Ratio variando entre 2,53 e 27,64, escolaridade 5 filhos (Odds Ratio=3,20, intervalo de confiança 95%: 1,48 - 6,90 e atividade física leve no trabalho (Odds Ratio=1,63, intervalo de confiança 95%: 1,01 - 2,64. As variáveis idade e índice de massa corporal também foram incluídas no modelo final para controlar confundimento. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que a escolaridade e a paridade são potenciais preditores para o desenvolvimento da obesidade abdominal no grupo estudado e devem ser levados em consideração em estudos sobre obesidade.OBJECTIVE: To identify sociodemographic and behavioral variables potentially associated with abdominal obesity in women attending a health care unit. METHODS: A total of 827 women aging from 12 to 65 years and living in the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, were investigated using a cross-sectional design. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference >88cm.The association between abdominal obesity and the co-variables was assessed by unconditional logistic regression. This technique estimates the

Aterosclerose experimental em coelhos Experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits

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Waleska C. Dornas

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Numerosas pesquisas têm sido realizadas utilizando modelos experimentais para estudar o desenvolvimento da aterosclerose com dieta induzindo hiperlipidemia. Devido ao fato de que coelhos são muito sensíveis a dietas ricas em colesterol e acumulam grandes quantidades no plasma, a utilização destes animais como modelo experimental para avaliar o desenvolvimento de aterosclerose é de grande relevância, trazendo informação sobre fatores que contribuem para progressão e regressão aplicadas a situações humanas. Sendo assim, nessa revisão a função aterogênica do colesterol é mostrada em trabalhos que incluem o coelho como modelo experimental, uma vez que este animal tornou-se o mais popular modelo experimental de aterosclerose.Many researches have been conducted in experimental models in order to study the development of atherosclerosis from hyperlipidemia-inducing diets. Since rabbits are very sensitive to cholesterol-rich diets and accumulate large amounts of cholesterol in their plasma, their use as experimental models to evaluate the development of atherosclerosis is highly relevant and brings information on factors that contribute to the progression and regression of this condition that can be applied to humans. As such, this review includes studies on the atherogenic function of cholesterol based on rabbits as the experimental model, since they have become the most largely used experimental model of atherosclerosis.

MODELO EXPERIMENTAL DE GLOMERULONEFRITIS MEMBRANOSA INDUCIDA CON ALBUMINA BOVINA

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Fontenla M

2013-07-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del presente trabajo fue diseñar un modelo experimental de Glomerulonefritis Membranosa (GM en ratas Wistar, inducida con Seroalbúmina Bovina (BSA, y validarlo mediante la determinación de parámetros bioquímicos, histológicos, ultraestructurales y detección de inmunocomplejos por inmunofluorescencia (IF. Los animales del grupo experimental fueron inmunizados por vía subcutánea, con dosis de 3 mg c/u de BSA/PBS con adyuvante de Freund. Se efectuaron diferentes esquemas de inmunización. Cuando el título de anticuerpos fue ≥1/2, comenzó la administración diaria de 2 mg, por vía endovenosa de BSA/PBS, durante 15 días. Se evaluó la funcionalidad renal por la proteinuria; después de la 5° semana, desde su aparición, se determinó: depuración (clearance de creatinina, uremia, proteinemia y perfil lipídico. Los dos riñones se usaron para estudios histológicos, ultraestructurales y detección de inmunocomplejos por IF. Los resultados mostraron que la inmunización fue efectiva con 5 R E S U M E N inoculaciones c/15 días. En los animales nefróticos la proteinuria, depuración (clearance de creatinina, proteinemia , uremia y el perfil lipídico presentaron alteraciones significativas (p<0.0001. Al microscopio óptico se observó hipercelularidad, engrosamiento difuso de las membranas basales de los capilares glomerulares y diferentes grados de atrofia, esclerosis e hialinización de los glomérulos. Por IF se detectó inmunocomplejos IgG en el 100 % de los glomérulos. Ultraestructuralmente, se observaron depósitos subepiteliales electrodensos en la membrana basal engrosada, compatibles con inmunocomplejos . Se encontraron alteraciones en la estructura de los podocitos. En conclusión, los estudios bioquímicos, estructurales y ultraestructurales permitieron inferir la inducción de un síndrome nefrótico experimental. Concluimos que el protocolo utilizado tiene validez para la inducción de una glomerulonefritis

El papel de las nanopartículas en la calcificación arterial: modelo experimental en el conejo

OpenAIRE

Cenizo Revuelta, Noelia

2012-01-01

La etiopatogenia de la calcificación arterial continúa siendo desconocida. El objetivo es comprobar si la administración de nanopartículas calcificantes contribuiría a producir calcificación y agravar del pronóstico de las lesiones arteriales, y si el efecto es frenado por Atorvastatina. Se diseñó un modelo experimental de daño intimal. Animales divididos en 3 grupos: Grupo-A placebo; Grupo-B expuesto a nanopartículas; Grupo-C, expuesto a nanopartículas y Atorvastatina. Análisis tra...

Experimental Model of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI in rats: management guidelines Modelo Experimental de Lesión de Médula Espinal (SCI en ratas: guías de manejo Modelo Experimental de Lesão Medular (SCI em ratos: diretrizes de manejo

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Asdrubal Falavigna

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Surgical experiments with laboratory animals are necessary for medical research. These studies aim to clarify the mechanism of disease, investigate the action and efficacy of new drugs or biological markers, as well as develop and enhance new therapies and apply new techniques. Regarding the models of spinal cord injury (SCI, there are several different methods that address the handling of the animals, especially concerning the use of analgesics, antibiotics and pre- and postoperative management. The lack of uniformity and standardization among the studies does not allow the understanding of the model of SCI or the proper handling of the paraplegic animals, hampering the adequate interpretation and comparison of results. The goal of this study is to establish a standard protocol on the handling of animals subjected to experimental models of SCI.La realización de experimentos quirúrgicos con animales de laboratorio son necesarios para la investigación médica. Estos estudios tienen por objeto aclarar el mecanismo de las enfermedades, investigar la acción de nuevos medicamentos y marcadores biológicos, así como desarrollar y mejorar nuevas terapias y aplicar nuevas técnicas. En cuanto a los modelos animales de lesión de la médula espinal (SCI, existen varios métodos diferentes que abordan el cuidado de estos animales, especialmente en relación con el uso de analgésicos, antibióticos y manejo pre y post operatorio. La falta de uniformidad y estandarización entre los estudios no permite la comprensión del modelo de SCI o el manejo adecuado del animal parapléjico, lo que dificulta la interpretación y comparación adecuada de los resultados. El objetivo de este estudio es establece un protocolo estándar de manejo de animales sometidos a modelos experimentales de SCI.Experimentações cirúrgicas em nível laboratorial com o uso de animais são necessárias para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa médica. Estes estudos têm o objetivo de

Experimental model for composite tissue allotransplantations Modelo experimental para alotransplantes de tecido composto

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Lydia Masako Ferreira

2004-12-01

Full Text Available In homologous transplantation or allotranplantation of limbs, the great tissue diversity causes variability in the rejection process and, consequently, its immunology is very complex. Thus, limb transplantation is the most used prototype of compound tissue transplantation among the protocols of experimental studies. Composite tissue allotransplantation represents the experimental model to study the homologous transplantation (from an individual to another of vascularized, innervated musclecutaneous units, joints, bone or even the whole member. Groups of rats were undergone allogeneic hindlimb transplantation. The receptors were randomized and control groups were established as: Control Group A: Autograft controls (F344 rats had its limbs reimplanted and no immunosuppressive therapy. Control Group B: Allograft controls (BN rats limbs were transplanted to F344. Composite tissue homotransplantation allows the inclusion of innervated muscle-cutaneous units, joint and bone or even the hole limb, is considerably applicable in cases of congenital absence or deformity, trauma or greater resection due to malignant tumor. For many complex deformities, these transplantations would allow a more precise reconstruction than the current reconstruction techniques.Nos transplantes alógenos de membro a grande variabilidade de tecidos (pele, subcutâneo, músculo, osso, medula óssea, gânglios linfáticos, cartilagem, nervo, vasos, tendão, articulação leva a grande variação dentro do processo de rejeição e consequentemente a sua imunologia é bastante complexa. Os transplantes alógenos de tecido composto representam o modelo experimental para se estudar o transplante homólogo (de um indivíduo para outro de unidades músculo cutâneas inervadas, vascularizadas, articulações, osso ou mesmo de todo o membro. Os receptores foram randomizados e os grupos controle foram estabelecidos como: grupo controle A: transplante autógeno de membro em que ratos F344

Fetal Abdominal Wall Repair with a Collagen Biomatrix in an Experimental Sheep Model for Gastroschisis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Roelofs, Luc A. J.; Eggink, Alex J.; Hulsbergen-van de Kaa, Christina A.; van den Berg, Paul P.; van Kuppevelt, Toin H.; van Moerkerk, Herman T. B.; Crevels, A. Jane; Lotgering, Fred K.; Feitz, Wout F. J.; Wijnen, Rene M. H.

2008-01-01

We evaluated the regeneration of the abdominal wall using a dual- layer collagen biomatrix, and the protective effect on the bowel of fetal abdominal wall repair in a fetal sheep model for gastroschisis. In 14 fetal lambs, the abdominal wall was opened at 79 days' gestation, creating a

El modelo experimental en la enseñanza de la medicina en el v semestre The Experimental Teaching Model in the 5th Semester of Medicine

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María Elena de la Uz Herrera

2007-09-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un análisis de los resultados del proceso docente-educativo en la asignatura Propedéutica Clínica y Semiología Médica del V Semestre de la Carrera de Medicina en los estudiantes del Modelo Experimental de Enseñanza, en el actual curso académico. La muestra estuvo constituida por los estudiantes que integran el grupo experimental de enseñanza, insertados en el Proyecto Policlínico Universitario (PPU. Los resultados académicos fueron satisfactorios, con un comportamiento similar a los restantes modelos de enseñanza. La valoración del proceso docente educativo fue considerada de Buena por la mayoría de los estudiantes (60,5 y el 92.1 %de ellos evaluaron positivamenteel papel desempeñado por los profesores integrales (tutores durante este proceso. Se plantearon dificultades con la calidad de algunos medios de enseñanza (Tele clases, así como falta de tiempo para la auto- preparación de los profesores integrales. No obstante, la aplicación de este nuevo modelo revoluciona la enseñanza actual por la introducción de nuevas Formas de Organización de la Enseñanza (FOE, la enseñanza tutorial y el uso de Tecnologías de la Información Científico Técnica (TIC´s, prometiendo un futuro esperanzador hacia la excelencia en la formación médica y profesional que demanda la sociedad contemporánea.The results of the teaching - educative process of Clinical Propedeutics and Medical Semiology in the 5th Semester of Medicine in students of the Teaching Experimental Model in the present academic year were analyzed, the academic results were similarly satisfactory to those of the other teaching models. The assessment of the educative teaching process was considered good by most of the students (60,5 and 92,5% of them evaluated positively the role played by the Comprehensive Professors (Tutors during this process. The difficulties found with the quality of some teaching aids (classes by TV as well as the short time for the

Tuberculosis abdominal Abdominal tuberculosis

OpenAIRE

T. Rubio; M. T. Gaztelu; A. Calvo; M. Repiso; H. Sarasíbar; F. Jiménez Bermejo; A. Martínez Echeverría

2005-01-01

La tuberculosis abdominal cursa con un cuadro inespecífico, con difícil diagnóstico diferencial respecto a otras entidades de similar semiología. Presentamos el caso de un varón que ingresa por presentar dolor abdominal, pérdida progresiva y notoria de peso corporal y fiebre de dos meses de evolución. El cultivo de la biopsia de colon mostró presencia de bacilo de Koch.Abdominal tuberculosis develops according to a non-specific clinical picture, with a difficult differential diagnosis with re...

Efeito da sinvastatina na sepse abdominal de ratos diabéticos

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Irami Araújo-Filho

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar se o pré-tratamento com sinvastatina em modelo experimental de sepse abdominal é benéfico em ratos diabéticos. MÉTODOS: Cinquenta e seis ratos Wistar foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em: grupo não diabético (n-28 e grupo diabetes induzido por estreptozotocina (n=28. Sepse abdominal por ligadura e punção do ceco foi induzida em 14 ratos diabéticos e em 14 não diabéticos. Os demais 28 animais foram alocados em grupo sham. Os grupos de ratos com sepse e os sham (cada com sete animais foram tratados com microemulsão oral de simvastatina (20 mg kg-1 day-1 e solução salina 0,9%, respectivamente. Sangue periférico foi usado para dosagem de TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, proteína C reativa, procalcitonina, contagem de leucócitos e neutrófilos em todos os animais. A análise estatística foi realizada pela ANOVA e teste de Tukey, com p<0,05. RESULTADOS: A sinvastatina reduziu a mortalidade nos ratos diabéticos. Os valores séricos de TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, proteína C reativa, procalcitonina, leucócitos e neutrófilos mostraram-se mais baixos nos ratos diabéticos e não diabéticos com sepse, tratados com sinvastatina, do que nos tratados com solução salina. CONCLUSÃO: A sinvastatina teve efeito antiinflamatório, que pode ter resultado em proteção contra a sepse em ratos diabéticos.

An Experimental Animal Model for Abdominal Fascia Healing after Surgery

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Burcharth, J; Pommergaard, H-C; Klein, M

2013-01-01

be used to evaluate the actively healing fascia. Such an animal model may promote future research in the prevention of IH. Methods: 86 male Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish a model involving six experiments (experiments A-F). Mechanical testing of the breaking strength of the healed fascia......Background: Incisional hernia (IH) is a well-known complication after abdominal surgical procedures. The exact etiology of IH is still unknown even though many risk factors have been suggested. The aim of this study was to create an animal model of a weakly healed abdominal fascia that could...... was performed by testing tissue strips from the healed fascia versus the unincised control fascia 7 and 28 days postoperatively. Results: During the six experiments a healing model was created that produced significantly weaker coherent fascia when compared with the control tissue measured in terms...

Experimental model of traumatic ulcer in the cheek mucosa of rats Modelo experimental de úlcera traumática em mucosa jugal de ratos

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Galyléia Meneses Cavalcante

2011-06-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To establish an experimental model of traumatic ulcer in rat cheek mucosa for utilization in future alternative therapy studies. METHODS: A total of 60 adult male rats (250 - 300g were used. Ulceration of the left cheek mucosa was provoked by abrasion using a nº 15 scalpel blade. The animals were observed for 10 days, during which they were weighed and their ulcers were measured. The histological characteristics were analyzed and scored according to the ulcer phase. In the statistical analysis, a value of pOBJETIVO: Estabelecer um modelo experimental de úlcera traumática em mucosa jugal de ratos para utilização em futuros testes de terapias alternativas. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 60 ratos, adultos, machos, pesando entre 250 a 300g. A ulceração na mucosa jugal esquerda foi provocada por meio da abrasão desta com uma lâmina de bisturi número 15. Os animais foram observados por um período de 10 dias, sendo estes pesados e suas escoriações mensuradas. As características histológicas foram analisadas e descritas adotando escores para comparação dos estágios da fase da úlcera. Na análise estatística um valor de p<0,01 foi considerado uma resposta estatisticamente significante em todos os casos. RESULTADOS: Durante os cinco primeiros dias os animais perderam peso ("t" Student - p<0,01. A área da úlcera regrediu linearmente com o tempo, estando quase que completamente cicatrizada ao final de dez dias (ANOVA, pós-teste de Tendência - p<0,0001. Os grupos do 1º, 2º e 3º dias tiveram comportamento semelhante havendo uma diminuição dos escores a partir do 4º dia. CONCLUSÃO: O modelo de úlcera na mucosa jugal de ratos proposto pode ser considerado eficaz, apresentando reprodutibilidade confiável e baixo custo.

Experimentally induced intravaginal Tritrichomonas foetus infection in a mouse model Infecção experimental intravaginal com Tritricho-monas foetus em modelo camundongo

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Pedro Soto

2005-12-01

Full Text Available The interest to develop research on the host-parasite relationship in bovine tritrichomonosis has accomplished the use of experimental models alternative to cattle. The BALB/c mouse became the most appropriate species susceptible to vaginal Tritrichomonas foetus infection requiring previous estrogenization. For the need of an experimental model without persistent estrogenization and with normal estrous cycles, the establishment and persistence of vaginal infection on BALB/c mouse with different concentrations of T. foetus in two experimental groups was evaluated. Group A was treated with 5mg of b-estradiol 3-benzoate to synchronize the estrous, 48 hours before the T. foetus vaginal inoculation, and Group B was inoculated in natural estrus. At 5-7 days after treatment, estrogenic effect decreased allowing all animals to cycle regularly during the experiment. From the first week post-infection, samples of vaginal mucus were taken from all animals during 34 weeks, in order to evaluate the course of infection and the stage of the estrus cycle. Group A showed 93.6% of infected animals, and Group B showed 38%. Different doses of T. foetus were assayed to establish the vaginal infection, with a persistence of 34 weeks. Although different behavior was observed in each subgroup belonging to either Group A or Group B, there were no significant differences among the infecting doses used. The b-estradiol 3-benzoate treatment had a favorable effect on the establishment of the infection (PA necessidade de esclarecer a relação agente-hospedeiro na tricomoníase bovina deu motivo para o uso de modelos experimentais alternativos ao bovino. O camundongo BALB/c resultou como espécie mais adequada para a infeção vaginal com Tritrichomonas foetus, requerendo uma estrogenização prévia. Visando a necessidade de um modelo experimental sem estrogenização persistente e com ciclos estrais normais, foi avaliada a instalação e persistência da infeção vaginal

Staged abdominal re-operation for abdominal trauma.

Science.gov (United States)

Taviloglu, Korhan

2003-07-01

To review the current developments in staged abdominal re-operation for abdominal trauma. To overview the steps of damage control laparotomy. The ever increasing importance of the resuscitation phase with current intensive care unit (ICU) support techniques should be emphasized. General surgeons should be familiar to staged abdominal re-operation for abdominal trauma and collaborate with ICU teams, interventional radiologists and several other specialties to overcome this entity.

Is beer consumption related to measures of abdominal and general obesity?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bendsen, Nathalie Tommerup; Christensen, Robin; Bartels, Else Marie

2013-01-01

A systematic review was conducted to assess the evidence linking beer consumption to abdominal and general obesity. Following a systematic search strategy, 35 eligible observational studies and 12 experimental studies were identified. Regarding abdominal obesity, most observational data pointed...

Abdominal Tuberculosis Mimicking Intra-abdominal Malignancy: A ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

TNHJOURNALPH

BACKGROUND. Abdominal TB usually presents with nonspecific findings and may thus m.,mw a multitude of gastrointestinal disorders. Abdominal tuberculosis may therefore present as large and palpable intra-abdominal masses usually arising from lymphadenopathy which may mimic lymphomas and other malignancies.

Abdominal tuberculosis mimicking intra-abdominal malignancy: A ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Background: Abdominal TB usually presents with nonspecific findings and may thus mimic a multitude of gastrointestinal disorders. Abdominal tuberculosis may therefore present as large and palpable intra-abdominal masses usually arising from lymphadenopathy which may mimic lymphomas and other malignancies.

Nontraumatic abdominal emergencies: acute abdominal pain: diagnostic strategies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marincek, B.

2002-01-01

Common causes of acute abdominal pain include appendicitis, cholecystitis, bowel obstruction, urinary colic, perforated peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, diverticulitis, and nonspecific, nonsurgical abdominal pain. The topographic classification of acute abdominal pain (pain in one of the four abdominal quadrants, diffuse abdominal pain, flank or epigastric pain) facilitates the choice of the imaging technique. The initial radiological evaluation often consists of plain abdominal radiography, despite significant diagnostic limitations. The traditional indications for plain films - bowel obstruction, pneumoperitoneum, and the search of ureteral calculi - are questioned by helical computed tomography (CT). Although ultrasonography (US) is in many centers the modality of choice for imaging the gallbladder and the pelvis in children and women of reproductive age, CT is considered to be one of the most valued tools for triaging patients with acute abdominal pain. CT is particularly beneficial in patients with marked obesity, unclear US findings, bowel obstruction, and multiple lesions. The introduction of multidetector row CT (MDCT) has further enhanced the utility of CT in imaging patients with acute abdominal pain. (orig.)

Nontraumatic abdominal emergencies: acute abdominal pain: diagnostic strategies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Marincek, B. [Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich (Switzerland)

2002-09-01

Common causes of acute abdominal pain include appendicitis, cholecystitis, bowel obstruction, urinary colic, perforated peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, diverticulitis, and nonspecific, nonsurgical abdominal pain. The topographic classification of acute abdominal pain (pain in one of the four abdominal quadrants, diffuse abdominal pain, flank or epigastric pain) facilitates the choice of the imaging technique. The initial radiological evaluation often consists of plain abdominal radiography, despite significant diagnostic limitations. The traditional indications for plain films - bowel obstruction, pneumoperitoneum, and the search of ureteral calculi - are questioned by helical computed tomography (CT). Although ultrasonography (US) is in many centers the modality of choice for imaging the gallbladder and the pelvis in children and women of reproductive age, CT is considered to be one of the most valued tools for triaging patients with acute abdominal pain. CT is particularly beneficial in patients with marked obesity, unclear US findings, bowel obstruction, and multiple lesions. The introduction of multidetector row CT (MDCT) has further enhanced the utility of CT in imaging patients with acute abdominal pain. (orig.)

Integración de un Modelo S&OP con un Modelo ALM

OpenAIRE

Insuasty Chamorro, Andrés Felipe

2015-01-01

DecisionWare International Corp. (DW) Este trabajo presenta los fundamentos metodológicos y la aplicación de la integración de un modelo financiero ALM (Assets Liabilities Management) con los modelos de planificación de la cadena de oferta de una empresa industrial global como son el SCD (Supply Chain Design) y el S&OP (Sales & Operation Planning). La aplicación en este trabajo se concentra en el modelo S&OP vinculado a un modelo ALM. Como resultado práctico se presenta la implementación d...

O retalho hipogástrico cutâneo no cão: modelo para o aprendizado experimental de microcirurgia

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Pessoa Breno Bezerra Gomes de Pinho

2002-01-01

Full Text Available O treinamento em microcirurgia constitui-se de diversas etapas, uma delas é a prática em animais. Retalhos microcirúrgicos cutâneos no cão são pouco descritos na literatura médica. Objetivo: O presente trabalho propõe um modelo de retalho hipogástrico cutâneo no cão centrado nos vasos circunflexos laterais. Métodos: Foram utilizados nove cães de raças e idades desconhecidas e peso variando entre 8 e 15kg. Descrevem-se com detalhes todos os passos seguidos no procedimento. O fluxo das anastomoses foi comprovado por observação direta, teste de enchimento (empty-and-refill test imediatamente após as microanastomoses, por doppler após uma hora do procedimento e por avaliação clínica (coloração do retalho e sangramento após furo com agulha. Resultados: Todos os retalhos mostraram-se viáveis pelos critérios acima descritos. Conclusão: Este é um instrumento valioso para os que desejam aprender microcirurgia de forma autodidata, pois o modelo é dotado de todos os requisitos necessários para o aprendizado de microcirurgia experimental.

Effect of abdominal waste on biogas production from cow dung ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Studies have been carried out on the production of biogas from mixture of cow abdominal waste and its dung. The rate of biogas production and cumulative volume of the gas produced was compared with that of pure cow dung under the same experimental conditions. The result shows that the mixture of the cow abdominal ...

Los modelos explicativos del estudiantado acerca de la célula eucarionte animal

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Johanna Patricia Camacho González

2012-01-01

Full Text Available El principal objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar los modelos explicativos del estudiantado de 8vo básico, acerca de la estructura de la célula eucarionte animal, antes y después de una intervención didáctica, fundamentada desde el Modelo Cognitivo de Ciencia (Giere, 1992 y estructurada según el Ciclo Constructivista de Aprendizaje (Sanmartí, 2000. La investigación se desarrolló en dos fases: a. En la fase descriptiva interpretativa, se categorizaron los modelos explicativos identificados en 18 familias de modelos y b. En la fase pre-experimental, se identificó sí existían diferencias significativas entre dichos modelos antes y después de la intervención didáctica a través, de las técnicas estadísticas de Wilcoxon y ANOVA de aleatoriedad de datos. Los principales hallazgos evidenciaron que la intervención didáctica favorece la construcción de modelos explicativos dinámicos y flexibles, que se caracterizan por poseer un lenguaje más especializado, establecer nuevas relaciones entre los organelos y funciones celulares, así como la capacidad de incorporar nuevos elementos para enriquecer el modelo de célula escolar, demostrando así que estos modelos se transforman progresivamente (Rodríguez y Moreira, 1999; Justi, 2006.

Spots educativos : un modelo de evaluación creativa

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Jorge Montalvo-Castro

2010-03-01

Full Text Available En esta investigación se precisan las semejanzas y diferencias entre los spots comerciales, sociales y educativos. Se analizan el problema de la eficacia de los spots y el papel de la creatividad. Además, se plantea la necesidad de contar con un modelo apropiado de evaluación de spots educativos que tome en cuenta ciertos principios de la teoría del aprendizaje significativo de David Ausubel. Finalmente, se diseña y propone un modelo de evaluación creativa —tipo lista de cotejo— que es sometido a una prueba experimental y cuyos resultados apoyan el planteamiento.

Prevalência e fatores associados à obesidade abdominal em pacientes em hemodiálise em Goiânia - GO

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Ana Tereza Vaz de Souza Freitas

2013-12-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A presença de excesso de peso, especialmente obesidade visceral, contribui para o maior risco de complicações metabólicas e cardiovasculares em pacientes com doença renal crônica. OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência e os fatores associados à obesidade abdominal em pacientes em hemodiálise (HD. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 344 pacientes maiores de 18 anos. A obesidade abdominal foi definida pela circunferência da cintura > 94 cm nos homens e > 80 cm nas mulheres. As variáveis independentes envolveram aspectos socioeconômicos, demográficos, hábitos de vida, tempo em HD, consumo alimentar e índice de massa corporal (IMC. A análise dos fatores associados foi realizada por regressão de Poisson múltipla, permanecendo no modelo final as variáveis com p 25 kg/m². Nos homens, a classe econômica D/E também permaneceu associada à obesidade abdominal, p < 0,05. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se alta prevalência de obesidade abdominal em pacientes em hemodiálise. Idade superior a 40 anos, classes econômicas mais baixas, ingestão proteica inferior ao recomendado e excesso de peso foram associados à obesidade abdominal.

PERTURBACIONES EN MODELOS COSMOLOGICOS INFLACIONARIOS

OpenAIRE

CID MUÑOZ; MARIA ANTONELLA; CID MUÑOZ; MARIA ANTONELLA

2010-01-01

Mostramos el desarrollo de la teoría de Relatividad General y el surgimiento a partir de ella del primer modelo cosmológico parcialmente exitoso en describir el universo observado, el modelo cosmológico estándar. Exponemos los problemas de este modelo al intentar describir el universo temprano y cómo éstos encuentran solución en el contexto de los modelos inflacionarios. Mostramos cómo los modelos inflacionarios son capaces de proveer una explicación razonable para el origen de las estruct...

Modelos animais de aneurisma de aorta Animal models of aortic aneurysm

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Rodrigo Argenta

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Os modelos experimentais em animais vêm sendo utilizados em cirurgia vascular há décadas. O desenvolvimento de novas técnicas para tratamento endovascular dos aneurismas requer a criação de bons modelos experimentais para testar esses dispositivos e estudar seu impacto sobre a progressão da doença. Este artigo tem por objetivo revisar os modelos de aneurisma arterial descritos atualmente. Entre os diversos modelos descritos, nenhum reúne todas as características de um modelo ideal de aneurisma. Os modelos em animais de grande porte são adequados para treino, estudo de alterações em parâmetros fisiológicos durante e após a liberação dos dispositivos e integração do mesmo à parede do vaso. Algumas desvantagens significantes incluem dificuldade do manejo, alto custo, difícil manutenção e regulamentações legais, dificultando a disponibilidade de diversas espécies animais. Modelos em animais menores, como os coelhos e camundongos, embora sejam menos caros e de fácil obtenção, não são adequados para estudos de técnicas endovasculares pelas pequenas dimensões de seus vasos. Nenhum modelo descrito até o momento consegue reproduzir todas as características dos aneurismas observados em humanos. Modelos disponíveis são descritos nesta revisão, e suas vantagens e desvantagens são discutidas.Experimental animal models have been used in vascular surgery for decades. The development of new interventional techniques in the endovascular treatment of aneurysms requires the creation of good experimental models to test these devices and study their impact on disease progression. The aim of this article was to review arterial aneurysm models currently available. Several distinct models have been described but none of them satisfies all the requirements of an ideal aneurysm model. Large animal models are appropriate for training, study of alterations in physiological parameters during and after device delivery, and integration

Experimental model to induce obesity in rats Modelo experimental para induzir obesidade em ratos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vinicius Von Diemen

2006-12-01

Full Text Available The etiology of obesity is multifactorial and is becoming a problem of public health, due to its increased prevalence and the consequent repercussion of its comorbidities on the health of the population. The great similarity and homology between the genomes of rodents and humans make these animal models a major tool to study conditions affecting humans, which can be simulated in rats. Obesity can be induced in animals by neuroendocrine, dietary or genetic changes. The most widely used models to induce obesity in rats are a lesion of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH by administering monosodium glutamate or a direct electrical lesion, ovariectomy, feeding on hypercaloric diets and genetic manipulation for obesity.A obesidade tem etiologia multifatorial e está se tornando um problema de saúde pública devido ao aumento da sua prevalência e a conseqüente repercusão das suas comorbidades na saúde da população. A grande similaridade e homologia entre os genomas dos roedores e dos humanos tornam esses modelos animais uma importante ferramenta para o estudo de condições que afetam os humanos e que podem ser simuladas em ratos. A obesidade pode ser induzida em animais com alterações neuroendócrinas, dietéticas ou genéticas. Os modelos mais utilizados para indução de obesidade em ratos são lesão do núcleo hipotalâmico venteromedial (VMH através da administração de glutamato monossódico ou lesão elétrica direta, ooforectomia, alimentação com dietas hipercalóricas e manipulação genética para obesidade.

A sepse como causa de lesão renal aguda: modelo experimental

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Carolina Ferreira Pinto

2012-10-01

Full Text Available A sepse associada à falência de múltiplos órgãos como a lesão renal aguda (LRA demonstra alta taxa de mortalidade no paciente crítico. Este estudo investigou a LRA induzida pela sepse em modelo experimental. Foram utilizados ratos da raça Wistar, adultos e machos divididos nos seguintes grupos: Controle - controle cirúrgico e Sepse - indução da sepse pela ligadura e punção do cécon (LPC. Foram avaliados os parâmetros fisiológicos (temperatura retal, pressão arterial média - PAM, glicemia sérica e fluxo urinário; a função renal (clearance de creatinina; o estresse oxidativo (peróxidos urinários e substâncias reativas com ácido tiobarbitúrico - TBARS e realizada a análise histológica renal. O estudo conclui que a LRA induzida pela sepse caracteriza-se por lesão endotelial com disfunção hemodinâmica, liberação de mediadores inflamatórios e geração de espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs por células tubulares, caracterizando-se como uma associação de vasoconstrição renal de origem hemodinâmica e inflamatória.

Chronic abdominal wall pain misdiagnosed as functional abdominal pain.

Science.gov (United States)

van Assen, Tijmen; de Jager-Kievit, Jenneke W A J; Scheltinga, Marc R; Roumen, Rudi M H

2013-01-01

The abdominal wall is often neglected as a cause of chronic abdominal pain. The aim of this study was to identify chronic abdominal wall pain syndromes, such as anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES), in a patient population diagnosed with functional abdominal pain, including irritable bowel syndrome, using a validated 18-item questionnaire as an identification tool. In this cross-sectional analysis, 4 Dutch primary care practices employing physicians who were unaware of the existence of ACNES were selected. A total of 535 patients ≥18 years old who were registered with a functional abdominal pain diagnosis were approached when they were symptomatic to complete the questionnaire (maximum 18 points). Responders who scored at least the 10-point cutoff value (sensitivity, 0.94; specificity, 0.92) underwent a diagnostic evaluation to establish their final diagnosis. The main outcome was the presence and prevalence of ACNES in a group of symptomatic patients diagnosed with functional abdominal pain. Of 535 patients, 304 (57%) responded; 167 subjects (31%) recently reporting symptoms completed the questionnaire. Of 23 patients who scored above the 10-point cutoff value, 18 were available for a diagnostic evaluation. In half of these subjects (n = 9) functional abdominal pain (including IBS) was confirmed. However, the other 9 patients were suffering from abdominal wall pain syndrome, 6 of whom were diagnosed with ACNES (3.6% prevalence rate of symptomatic subjects; 95% confidence interval, 1.7-7.6), whereas the remaining 3 harbored a painful lipoma, an abdominal herniation, and a painful scar. A clinically relevant portion of patients previously diagnosed with functional abdominal pain syndrome in a primary care environment suffers from an abdominal wall pain syndrome such as ACNES.

Efeitos do ultrassom terapêutico em modelo experimental de ciatalgia Therapeutic ultrasound effects in a sciatica experimental model

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Adriano Policam Ciena

2009-12-01

Full Text Available A ciática possui grande prevalência geral e seu tratamento tende a resolver as causas de compressão nervosa. A fisioterapia objetiva reduzir os sintomas causados pela compressão. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia do ultrassom terapêutico sobre a dor, em animais submetidos a modelo experimental de ciatalgia. Foram usados 18 ratos neste estudo, divididos em três grupos: GS (n = 4, submetido a modelo de ciatalgia e tratados com ultrassom desligado; GUP (n = 7, submetido à ciatalgia e tratados com ultrassom pulsado 2W/cm² (SATP; 0,4 - SATA; e grupo GUC (n = 7, submetido à ciática e ultrassom contínuo (0,4W/cm². O nervo ciático do membro posterior direito foi exposto à compressão com fio categute em quatro pontos. No 3º dia pós-operatório (PO, iniciou-se tratamento indireto por quatro dias. No 9º dia PO, o tratamento direto começou sobre a área do procedimento cirúrgico, por cinco dias consecutivos. O tempo de elevação da pata, durante a marcha, foi avaliado antes e após a ciatalgia, no 3º, 6º, 9º e 13º PO. Os resultados demonstraram que a aplicação do ultrassom reduziu a dor com ambos os tratamentos efetivos e tendeu a ser mais eficaz na forma pulsada.The sciatica possesses great general population prevalence, and its treatment tends to solve the nervous compression causes. Physiotherapy aims to reduce the symptoms caused by compression. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic ultrasound on pain in animals subjected to sciatica experimental model. Eighteen rats were used and they were divided in 3 groups: group SG (n=4 submitted to the sciatica and treated with the ultrasound off, group PUG (n=7 submitted to the sciatica and treated with pulsed ultrasound 2 W/cm² (SATP; 0,4 - SATA and group CUG (n=7 submitted to the sciatica and treated with continuous ultrasound (0,4 W/cm². The sciatic nerve of the posterior right limb was exposed to the compression with Catgut wire in 4

Ruptura de aneurismas de aorta abdominal. Herramienta informática para su predicción // Rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Software for its prediction

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Guillermo Villalta‐Alonso

2011-01-01

Full Text Available La ruptura de los aneurismas de aorta abdominal representa un evento clínico muy importantedebido a su alta tasa de mortalidad. Los indicadores empleados actualmente para decidir eltratamiento a pacientes con aneurismas son el diámetro máximo transversal y la tasa de crecimiento,los que pueden ser considerados insuficientes, pues no tienen una base teórica físicamentefundamentada. En el presente artículo se definen los fundamentos para el diseño de una herramientainformática para PC que permita predecir, con suficiente precisión para ser clínicamente relevante, elriesgo de ruptura de aneurismas de aorta abdominal sobre bases personalizadas del paciente. Laherramienta consta de 3 módulos, que están diseñados para procesar toda la información delpaciente e integrarla mediante un modelo que incorpora la interrelación de los factores biomecánicosde diferentes naturalezas (biológicos, estructurales y geométrico y escalas (temporal y dimensional,con el objetivo de calcular un indicador numérico y personalizado del riesgo de ruptura. Estaherramienta debe constituir un elemento auxiliar del facultativo médico en la toma de decisionesrespecto del tratamiento adecuado a pacientes con aneurisma.Palabras claves: AAA, riesgo de ruptura, modelo multiescala, predicción, herramienta informática.___________________________________________________________________AbstractThe rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA represents an important clinical event due to its highmortality rate. Currently the criteria to decide on the treatment of AAA patients are the peaktransverse diameter and the growth rate which can be considered insufficient because they have nota reasonable physical base. The foundations for the design of PC software to predict, with sufficientaccuracy to be clinically relevant, the risk of AAA rupture on patient-specific basis are defined in thispaper. The software consists of 3 modules which are designed for processing all

VACUUM THERAPY VERSUS ABDOMINAL EXERCISES ON ABDOMINAL OBESITY

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Nevein Mohammed Mohammed Gharib

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Background: Obesity is a medical condition that may adversely affect wellbeing and leading to increased incidence of many health problems. Abdominal obesity tends to be associated with weight gain and obesity and it is significantly connected with different disorders like coronary heart disease and type II diabetes mellitus.This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of vacuum therapy as compared to abdominal exercises on abdominal obesity in overweight and obese women. Methods: Thirtyoverweight and obese women participated in this study with body mass index > 25 kg/m2andwaist circumference ≥ 85 cm. Their ages ranged from 28 - 40 years old.The subjects were excluded if they have diabetes, abdominal infection diseases or any physical limitation restricting exercise ability. They were randomly allocated into two equal groups; group I and group II. Group I received vacuum therapy sessions (by the use of LPG device in addition to aerobic exercise training. Group II received abdominal exercises in addition to the same aerobic exercisesgiven to group I. This study was extended for successive 8 weeks (3 sessions/ week. All subjects were assessed for thickness ofnthe abdominal skin fold, waist circumference and body mass index. Results: The results of this study showeda significant difference between group I and group II post-interventionas regarding to the mean values of waist circumference and abdominal skin fold thickness (p<0.05. Conclusion: It can be concluded that aerobic exercises combined with vacuum therapy (for three sessions/week for successive 8 weeks have a positive effect on women with abdominal obesity in terms of reducing waist circumference and abdominal skin fold thickness.

Morphological features of kidneys in fetuses and newborns from mothers with subacute infectious-inflammatory process in the abdominal cavity caused by Escherichia coli (experimental study

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I.V. Sorokina

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Background. In Ukraine, every year the number of women whose pregnancy occurs on the background of chronic infectious diseases increases. Escherichia coli is a frequent causative agent of bacterial infections in women. The purpose of the study was to identify the morphological features of fetuses and newborns kidneys from mothers with an experimental abdominal subacute infectious-inflammatory process caused by Esche­richia coli. Materials and methods. The authors conduc­ted an experiment on WAG rats, during which two groups were formed: group I — 7 fetuses and 11 newborns from 3 healthy females; group II — 10 fetuses and 13 newborns from 4 females with an abdominal infectious-inflammatory process in the abdominal cavity caused by Escherichia coli. The material of the study was the kidneys of fetuses and newborns. The authors used histological, histochemical, morphometric and statistical methods of investigation. Results. The abdominal subacute infectious-inflammatory process in the mother’s body caused by Escherichia coli leads to structural changes in the parenchymal and stromal components of the kidneys that have been growing from the fetus to the newborn. The glomerular apparatus of the kidneys is characterized by uneven distribution in the cortical layer, developmental delay, shape change, hemodynamic disorders, expansion of the urinary space, absence of capillaries, a decrease in the number and localization compactness of capillaries in some young and mature renal corpuscles; the tubular apparatus — developmental delay, shape change and focal thickening of the basal membranes of some tubules, focal dystrophic, necrotic and desquamative changes in the epithelium; stromal component — sclerotic changes, hemodynamic disorders, which were more pronounced in the medulla layer, cellular infiltration, characterized by the presence of fibroblastic cells and immune cells. Conclusions. Histological and morphometric changes in the fetuses

Papel de hemo oxigensa-1 en la artritis inducida por transferencia de suero K/BxN. Caracterización del modelo experimental

OpenAIRE

Brines Juan, Rita

2017-01-01

La Artritis Reumatoide (AR) es una enfermedad sistémica, crónica y de carácter autoinmune que produce daño articular en los pacientes. Cursa con la degradación del hueso subcondral y del cartílago articular causando un gran dolor; además de ser una enfermedad incapacitante, puede provocar síntomas extraarticulares que afecten a otros órganos. El estudio de la patogenia y del tratamiento de la AR se desarrolla en gran medida sobre modelos animales de artritis experimental. En la actualidad...

Modelo para la Predicción Energética de una Instalación Hotelera

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Adriana V. Acosta

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Resumen: Este artículo describe la obtención y validación de un modelo de predicción energética para el hotel Meliá Habana de la ciudad Habana en Cuba. El modelo obtenido emplea el método de series de tiempo radiantes para la determinación de la carga térmica de los bloques habitacionales de la instalación. El modelo es implementado en el lenguaje de programación MatLab®. La validación experimental del modelo se realiza con mediciones reales del consumo energético diario del hotel. El valor de uso del modelo obtenido es apreciable para estudios de comportamiento energético y para la implementación de estrategias avanzadas de control. Palabras clave: Modelado, Control de la Energía, Coeficientes de Temperatura, Validación

Contraste de un modelo de envejecimiento exitoso derivado del modelo de Roy

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María Amparo Kantún Marín

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Se formula y contrasta un modelo de envejecimiento exitoso derivado del modelo de adaptación de Roy. Se analizó una muestra no probabilística de 255 adultos mayores de seis centros sociales y un centro médico de consulta externa en Nuevo León, México. Se usó un modelamiento de ecuaciones estructurales. En el modelo final los estímulos focales de autopercepción del envejecimiento, entorno peatonal inmediato y el estímulo contextual de síntomas depresivos incidieron sobre el afrontamiento, que a su vez predijo el envejecimiento exitoso. El modelo tuvo buen ajuste al añadirse dos correlaciones entre residuos de medida de afrontamiento y envejecimiento exitoso. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que el afrontamiento es un indicador directo del envejecimiento activo.

Efficacy of terbinafine and itraconazole on a experimental model of systemic sporotrichosis Eficiência de terbinafina e itraconazol em um modelo experimental de esporotricose sistêmica

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Ana Raquel Mano Meinerz

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Itraconazole is currently considered the drug of choice to treat the diverse clinical presentation of sporotrichosis. On the other hand terbinafine by virtue of its excellent in vitro activity is under comparative evaluation for its therapeutic potential for a wide range of fungal infections. In this study, our aim was to determine the in vivo efficacy of terbinafine and itraconazole on a experimental model of systemic sporotrichosis. 120 rats Wistar received an injection of 2x10³ S. schenckii cells by via the lateral tail vein. After 3 days the animals were treated with terbinafine (250mg/kg and itraconazole (100 mg/kg and their respective diluents. In our model, terbinafine and itraconazole were effective in reducing the number of clinical lesions and positive organ cultures. There was statistical difference between the groups treated with the antifungals in relation to the control groups (pItraconazol é atualmente considerado a droga de escolha para o tratamento das diferentes formas clínicas da esporotricose. Por outro lado a terbinafina devido a sua excelente atividade in vitro está sendo avaliada quanto ao seu potencial terapêutico frente a diversas infecções fúngicas. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a eficácia in vivo da terbinafina e itraconazol em um modelo de esporotricose experimental sistêmica. 120 ratos Wistar receberam uma injeção de 2x10³ células de S. schenckii pela veia lateral da cauda. Após 3 dias os animais foram tratados com terbinafina (250mg/kg e itraconazol (100mg/kg e os seus respectivos diluentes. No modelo experimental estudado, a terbinafina e itraconazol se mostraram efetivos reduzindo o número de sintomas clínicos e retroisolamento positivo para o agente. Houve diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos tratados com os antifúngicos em relação aos grupos controle (p<0,05 nas alterações clínicas, achados anatomopatológicos e no retroisolamento do agente, sendo que os animais tratados

An abdominal tuberculosis case mimicking an abdominal mass

African Journals Online (AJOL)

An abdominal tuberculosis case mimicking an abdominal mass. Derya Erdog˘ an a. , Yasemin Ta ¸scı Yıldız b. , Esin Cengiz Bodurog˘lu c and Naciye Go¨nu¨l Tanır d. Abdominal tuberculosis is rare in childhood. It may be difficult to diagnose as it mimics various disorders. We present a 12-year-old child with an unusual ...

Traducción del modelo genérico del modelo de negocio a Object-Z

OpenAIRE

Daniele, Marcela; Martellotto, Paola; Baum, Gabriel Alfredo

2005-01-01

Este trabajo muestra el modelo genérico del modelo de negocio [BDMN04], representado gráficamente en términos de UML a través de un diagrama de clases, producto del análisis de los artefactos del Proceso Unificado que componen el modelo de negocio y sus relaciones. Además, se definen un conjunto de reglas que el modelo debe verificar. Esta demostrado que el modelado gráfico es muy útil para visualizar, especificar, construir y documentar los artefactos de un sistema, brindando un lenguaje ...

Tentative therapy of acute abdominal irradiations of pigs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Daburon, F.

1977-01-01

The anatomical and physiological considerations that make pig an interesting experimental model for radiobiological investigations are first reviewed. The anatomo- and physico-pathological bases of therapy acute abdominal exposure are stated, especially the kinetics and limits of intestinal recovery at various doses. A therapeutic procedure is given and the experimental results on reanimation (parenteral alimentation), re-nutrition (continuous enteral infusion) and intestine grafts are presented [fr

Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome in association with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm in the endovascular era: vigilance remains critical.

Science.gov (United States)

Bozeman, Matthew C; Ross, Charles B

2012-01-01

Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) are common complications of ruptured abdominal aortoiliac aneurysms (rAAAs) and other abdominal vascular catastrophes even in the age of endovascular therapy. Morbidity and mortality due to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ failure (MOF) are significant. Recognition and management of IAH are key critical care measures which may decrease morbidity and improve survival in these vascular patients. Two strategies have been utilized: expectant management with prompt decompressive laparotomy upon diagnosis of threshold levels of IAH versus prophylactic, delayed abdominal closure based upon clinical parameters at the time of initial repair. Competent management of the abdominal wound with preservation of abdominal domain is also an important component of the care of these patients. In this review, we describe published experience with IAH and ACS complicating abdominal vascular catastrophes, experience with ACS complicating endovascular repair of rAAAs, and techniques for management of the abdominal wound. Vigilance and appropriate management of IAH and ACS remains critically important in decreasing morbidity and optimizing survival following catastrophic intra-abdominal vascular events.

Abdominal trauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Giordany, B.R.

1985-01-01

Abdominal injury is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in childhood. Ten percent of trauma-related deaths are due to abdominal injury. Thousands of children are involved in auto accidents annually; many suffer severe internal injury. Child abuse is a second less frequent but equally serious cause of internal abdominal injury. The descriptions of McCort and Eisenstein and their associates in the 1960s first brought to attention the frequency and severity of visceral injury as important manifestations of the child abuse syndrome. Blunt abdominal trauma often causes multiple injuries; in the past, many children have been subjected to exploratory surgery to evaluate the extent of possible hidden injury. Since the advent of noninvasive radiologic imaging techniques including radionuclide scans and ultrasound and, especially, computed tomography (CT), the radiologist has been better able to assess (accurately) the extent of abdominal injury and thus allow conservative therapy in many cases. Penetrating abdominal trauma occurs following gunshot wounds, stabbing, and other similar injury. This is fortunately, a relatively uncommon occurrence in most pediatric centers and will not be discussed specifically here, although many principles of blunt trauma diagnosis are valid for evaluation of penetrating abdominal trauma. If there is any question that a wound has extended intraperitonelly, a sinogram with water-soluble contrast material allows quick, accurate diagnosis. The presence of large amounts of free intraperitoneal gas suggests penetrating injury to the colon or other gas-containing viscus and is generally considered an indication for surgery

Riesgo de perforación en la mucosectomía esofágica con banda: estudio experimental con dos modelos de ligadores Perforation risk in esophageal endoscopic mucosal resection with ligation: an experimental study with two ligator models

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J. L. Vázquez-Iglesias

2007-02-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: en los últimos años se han publicado varios trabajos que encuentran la mucosectomía con banda (MB como un método seguro para el tratamiento de algunos tumores esofágicos, gástricos y colorrectales. Hemos realizado este estudio en animales de experimentación (cerdos para comparar la seguridad de la MB en esófago, con dos modelos de ligadores multibanda, ya que muchos centros sólo disponen de estos modelos de ligadores comercializados para la ligadura de varices esofágicas. Métodos: se utilizaron 8 cerdos en los que se realizaron 23 resecciones esofágicas sin inyección previa. Se hicieron 10 resecciones con el modelo Six Shooter Saeed y 13 resecciones con el modelo Speedband Superview Super 7. También se comparó la técnica realizando el corte aleatoriamente por debajo o por encima de la banda. Resultados: se produjeron 5 perforaciones, todas con el modelo Speedband. Del total de casos en los que se utilizó este modelo se perforaron el 38,5% frente a ninguna de las intervenciones con el modelo Six Shooter, lo que alcanzó significación estadística (p = 0,046. No hubo deferencias estadísticamente significativas en la frecuencia de perforación, entre realizar el corte por debajo o por encima de la banda. Conclusiones: MB esofágica realizada con el modelo Speedband sin inyección previa, da lugar a perforación en un porcentaje elevado de casos en el animal de experimentación. Se precisan más estudios para establecer si la inyección previa incrementa la seguridad de la técnica con este modelo de ligador.Objective: endoscopic mucosal resection with ligation (EMRL is considered an efficient, safe method for the treatment of some esophageal, gastric and colorectal tumors. We conducted this study using a porcine model in order to compare the safety of esophageal EMRL with two multiband ligation systems, since many centers only use these ligator models in EMRL (commercialized for varix ligation. Methods: eight pigs were

Modelo Ovino de Suspensión Laríngea para Disfagia Orofaríngea Severa

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cristina Martin Villares

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Resumen Introducción y objetivo: la literatura científica ha validado el uso del model ovino no vivo para estudio e investigación de la disfagia orofaríngea severa. A partir de este modelo quirúrgico experimental, proponemos evaluar la eficacia de varias t?cnicas quirúrgicas indicadas en pacientes con disfagia orofaringea crónica y aspiración intratable que ocasionalmente se realizan en enfermos muy seleccionados . Material y Método: Realizamos comparación de riesgo de aspiración en 4 t?cnicas quirúrgicas indicadas para el tratamiento de disfagias severas con aspiración intratable: la tiroplastia de medialización, la traqueotom?a con sutura de ambas cuerdas vocales, la miotomía del cricofaríngeo y la suspensión laríngea. La valoración de la aspiración en los diferentes modelos quirúrgicos experimentales se realizará mediante 20 ml de líquido coloreado introducido en bolos por cavidad orofaríngea. Resultados: La combinación de Suspensión Laríngea con Miotomía del músculo Cricofaríngeo consigue la mejor protección de la vía aerea en el modelo experimental ovino frente a las otras técnicas propuestas. Conclusiones: El modelo ovino no-vivo nos ha permitido realizar una valoración inicial de resultados de diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas que intentan evitar la aspiración intratable de los pacientes con disfagia orofaríngea severa. A pesar de las limitaciones evidentes del modelo experimental, el trabajo sobre este modelo nos permite iniciar una línea de trabajo sobre técnicas quirúrgicas rehabilitadoras que ayuden pacientes neurológicos seleccionados mantener la ingesta oral.Palabras clavesuspension laringea disfagia orofaríngea modelo experimentaSummarySurgical treatment ca be considered in chronic oropharyngeal dysphagy withh sever aspiration. Several sugical techniques can be performed in occassionally and high selected patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk of aspitaion of various

Modelos experimentais para avaliação das alterações pulmonares na síndrome hepatopulmonar Experimental models for assessment of pulmonary alterations in hepatopulmonary syndrome

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Rafael Vercelino

2008-07-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o melhor modelo experimental para observar alterações pulmonares que caracterizam a síndrome hepatopulmonar (SHP. MÉTODOS: Ratos machos Wistar, com peso médio de 250 g foram usados em quatro modelos experimentais: tetracloreto de carbono inalatório; tetracloreto de carbono intraperitoneal; ligadura parcial de veia porta; e ligadura de ducto biliar (LDB. Em todos os grupos os animais foram divididos em controle e experimental. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: transaminases; gasometria; lipoperoxidação por substâncias que reagem ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS e por quimiluminescência; e atividade antioxidante da enzima superóxido dismutase (SOD. Foi feito também o exame anatomopatológico do pulmão. RESULTADOS: Observou-se diferenças significativas entre os grupos LDB controle e experimental: aspartato amino transferase (105,3 ± 43 vs. 500,5 ± 90,3 UI/L; alanino aminotransferase (78,75 ± 37,7 vs. 162,75 ± 35,4 UI/L; fosfatase alcalina (160 ± 20,45 vs. 373,25 ± 45,44 UI/L; pressão parcial de oxigênio (85,25 ± 8,1 vs. 49,9 ± 22,5 mmHg; e saturação de hemoglobina (95 ± 0,7 vs. 73,3 ± 12,07%. A lipoperoxidação e a atividade antioxidante também demonstrou diferenças entre os dois grupos LDB (controle vs. experimental: TBARS (0,87 ± 0,3 vs. 2,01 ± 0,9 nmol/mg proteína; quimiluminescência (16008,41 ± 1171,45 vs. 20250,36 ± 827,82 cps/mg proteína; e SOD (6,66 ± 1,34 vs. 16,06 ± 2,67 UI/mg proteína. No exame anatomopatológico observou-se vasodilatação pulmonar no modelo de LDB. CONCLUSÕES: Os dados sugerem que o modelo de LDB pode ser usado para outros estudos envolvendo alterações hepáticas e suas relações com o estresse oxidativo e a SHP.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the best experimental model in which to observe the pulmonary alterations characterizing hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS. METHODS: Male Wistar rats, with mean weight

Nutritional and metabolic changes due the abdominal radiation: experimental study; Alteracoes nutricionais e do metabolismo energetico na irradiacao abdominal: estudo experimental

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mucerino, Donato R; Waitzberg, Dan L; Campos, Fabio G. de; Melo Auricchio, Maria T. de; Gama-Rodrigues, Joaquim J; Lima-Goncalves, Ernesto L [Sao Paulo Univ., SP (Brazil). Hospital das Clinicas. Div. de Clinica Cirurgica II

1995-01-01

In this study the effects on nutritional status and energetic metabolism due the abdominal irradiation were analysed. Adult male wistar rats (48), were divided in two groups Control (C) and radiated (R). The rats were maintained all time in metabolic cages. the study was done in two periods: period 1 begun at 0 day, were rats adapted to cages and oral diet, had food and water ad libitum. At the day four indirect calorimetric measurements were performed (calorimetry 1). At period 2, group R rats abdominal radiation at a 300 c Gy/day rate, for 5 consecutive days, and group C started a pair-feeding process linked individually to R rats and suffered application to simulated-irradiation. Two other calorimetric measurements (II,III) were performing during period 2. After radiation the last calorimetry was performed (IV). At sacrifice (day 14) blood was collected for determination of hemoglobin, hematocrit, albumin and transferrin. There were no statistical differences among groups C and R during period 1 (p < 0.05). Great reduction in food intake and weight variation were found in period 2, but weight loss was significantly higher in R rats. Nitrogen balance decrease in period 2, but without difference among the groups (p < 0.05). Serum albumin was significantly lower in R rats. Respiratory quotient decreased in both groups during period 2, but rats kept it lower (p < 0.05). The energy expenditure level decreased after radiation in group R. During period 2 total substrate oxidation decreased in R rats. Radiation decrease glucose and protein oxidation. In conclusion, in this study`s conditions, radiation produced malnutrition by reducing food intake by bringing weight loss, hypoalbuminemia and decrease nitrogen balance. Radiation was also responsible for a reduction of metabolism, by promoting the fall of energy expenditure. These changes are not only due the anorexia, undoubtful a main factor. (author). 60 refs., 3 figs., 4 tabs.

Modelos de crescimento resultantes da combinação e variações dos modelos de Chapman-Richards e Silva-Bailey aplicados em Leucaena leucocephala (Lam. de Wit.

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Cícero Carlos Ramos de Brito

2010-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver novos modelos de crescimento para recursos florestais aplicados à leucena [Leucaena leucocephala (Lam. de Wit], tendo como base as hipóteses biológicas propostas por Chapman-Richards e Silva-Bailey. O experimento de leucena foi conduzido na Estação Experimental da Empresa Pernambucana de Pesquisa Agropecuária - IPA, Caruaru, PE. Foram utilizadas 544 árvores de leucena de um experimento com vinte remedições realizadas ao longo de 12 anos. Compararam-se novos modelos de crescimento resultantes da combinação e variações dos modelos de Chapman-Richards e Silva-Bailey, bem como outros comumente usados em recursos florestais. Para a seleção das equações, utilizaram-se o Índice de Ajuste (IA, o erro-padrão da estimativa e a distribuição gráfica dos resíduos. Os resultados indicaram que todos os modelos testados se ajustaram de maneira satisfatória aos dados, podendo ser utilizados para se estimar o crescimento em altura da leucena.

Thoraco-abdominal high-pitch dual-source CT angiography: Experimental evaluation of injection protocols with an anatomical human vascular phantom

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Puippe, Gilbert D., E-mail: gilbert.puippe@usz.ch [Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich (Switzerland); Winklehner, Anna [Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich (Switzerland); Hasenclever, Peter; Plass, André [Division of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich (Switzerland); Frauenfelder, Thomas; Baumueller, Stephan [Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich (Switzerland)

2012-10-15

Objective: To experimentally evaluate three different contrast injection protocols at thoraco-abdominal high-pitch dual-source computed tomography angiography (CTA), with regard to level and homogeneity of vascular enhancement at different cardiac outputs. Materials and methods: A uniphasic, a biphasic as well as an individually tailored contrast protocol were tested using a human vascular phantom. Each protocol was scanned at 5 different cardiac outputs (3–5 L/min, steps of 0.5 L/min) using an extracorporeal cardiac pump. Vascular enhancement of the thoraco-abdominal aorta was measured every 5 cm. Overall mean enhancement of each protocol and mean enhancement for each cardiac output within each protocol were calculated. Enhancement homogeneity along the z-axis was evaluated for each cardiac output and protocol. Results: Overall mean enhancement was significantly higher in the uniphasic than in the other two protocols (all p < .05), whereas the difference between the biphasic and tailored protocol was not significant (p = .76). Mean enhancement among each of the 5 cardiac outputs within each protocol was significantly different (all p < .05). Only within the tailored protocol mean enhancement differed not significantly at cardiac outputs of 3.5 L/min vs. 5 L/min (484 ± 25 HU vs. 476 ± 19 HU, p = .14) and 4 vs. 5 L/min (443 ± 49 HU vs. 476 ± 19 HU, p = .05). Both, uniphasic and tailored protocol yielded homogenous enhancement at all cardiac outputs, whereas the biphasic protocol failed to achieve homogenous enhancement. Conclusion: This phantom study suggests that diagnostic and homogenous enhancement at thoraco-abdominal high-pitch dual-source CTA is feasible with either a uniphasic or an individually tailored contrast protocol.

Avaliação da aderência peritoneal com utilização de pericárdio bovino no reparo de grandes defeitos da musculatura da parede abdominal em ratos Wistar de ratos Wistar

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Mauro Razuk Filho

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Introdução: A reconstrução dos grandes defeitos congênitos da parede abdominal tem sido um problema. No entanto, o uso de materiais biológicos, como o Pericárdio Bovino (PB tem se mostrado uma boa alternativa. Sua aplicação para reparos na musculatura abdominal continua sendo objeto de estudos e pouco disseminada na prática cirúrgica humana; Objetivos: Propor um modelo experimental de um defeito congênito da parede abdominal em ratos Wistar que será corrigido com PB; Metodologia: Ratos foram submetidos à laparotomiaxifoumbilical em que foram suturadas pequenas placas de pericárdio bovino ou foi realizada somente a sutura, de acordo com o grupo, diretamente no peritônio dos animais, sem lesá-los. O grupo 1 foi constituído por 5 animais que foram submetidos à sutura de placa de pericárdio bovino, o grupo 2 foi constituído por 5 animais que foram submetidos à sutura do peritônio (grupo controle. Três semanas após as cirurgias, os peritônios foram retirados e submetidos a a realização da análise histológica; Resultados: Foi identificado a presença de fibrose, infiltrado mononuclear e neoformação vascular em ambos os grupos; Conclusões: A microscopia revelou semelhanças entre os grupos controle de estudo, o que sugere que o uso do pericárdio bovino para o reparo de grandes defeitos da parede abdominal é seguro;

COMO EVOLUEM OS MODELOS MENTAIS

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A. Tarciso Borges

Full Text Available Resumo: Após revisão da literatura onde se define o conceito de modelo mental, apresentamos resultados de estudo sobre os modelos mentais de eletricidade, magnetismo e eletromagnetismo de seis grupos de indivíduos. Entre estudantes e profissionais com experiências de escolarização diversificadas, foram entrevistadas 56 pessoas. As entrevistas ocorreram enquanto se realizaram experimentos com imãs, eletroímãs e circuitos elétricos simples. Foram identificados quatro modelos de eletricidade, cinco de magnetismo e três para explicar o magnetismo no eletroímã. Apresentamos os dados desse estudo centrando atenção na evolução dos modelos identificados. Em nossa análise, destacamos quais aspectos dos modelos sofrem mudanças significativas à medida que os sujeitos ganham maior compreensão conceituai e experiência com os fenômenos estudados.

Lesão pulmonar de reperfusão por oclusão da aorta abdominal: modelo experimental em ratos

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PINHEIRO BRUNO DO VALLE

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Introdução: Procedimentos cirúrgicos com oclusão da aorta têm sido associados a lesão pulmonar de reperfusão. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a presença de edema pulmonar em um modelo de lesão de reperfusão por oclusão da aorta em ratos. Material e métodos: 33 ratos Wistar foram anestesiados com tiopental sódico (20mg/kg, via intraperitoneal, seguindo-se laparotomia por incisão mediana, para isolamento da aorta e cava inferior. A seguir, os animais foram randomizados em três grupos. Grupo isquemia-reperfusão (GIR, n = 5: animais submetidos a 30min de oclusão dos vasos, seguindo-se 120min de reperfusão. Grupo isquemia (GI, n = 5: animais submetidos a 30min de oclusão dos vasos. Grupo controle (GC, n = 5: animais submetidos apenas ao procedimento cirúrgico, sem oclusão dos vasos, acompanhados por 150min. Após o sacrifício, em 15 animais foram realizados estudos histopatológicos dos pulmões. Para caracterização de edema, foi realizada a análise morfométrica por contagem de pontos, determinando-se o índice de edema alveolar. Realizou-se também uma análise semiquantitativa da infiltração de polimorfonucleares nos pulmões. Em 18 animais retirou-se o pulmão direito para a determinação da relação entre os pesos úmido e seco. O índice de edema alveolar e a relação peso úmido/peso seco foram comparados entre os grupos através de ANOVA, com a correção de Bonferroni para comparação entre os grupos dois a dois. Resultados: Os animais do GIR apresentaram maior edema alveolar em relação aos do GI e GC (0,24; 0,18; 0,17; respectivamente, com p < 0,001. Não houve diferenças nas relações peso úmido/peso seco dos três grupos. Houve maior infiltração de células inflamatórias nos pulmões dos ratos submetidos a isquemia-reperfusão. Os autores concluem que a oclusão e desoclusão da aorta infra-renal está associada à lesão pulmonar. Essa lesão não foi induzida pela elevação da press

Experimental model of gastroesophageal reflux in rats Modelo experimental de refluxo gastroesofágico em ratos

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Edmilson Vieira Gaia Filho

2005-12-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To develop an experimental model of gastroesophageal reflux in rats. METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats underwent surgery and were assigned to one of the three groups of twenty animals each. The animals in group A underwent total esophageal myectomy and, in group (B, underwent partial myectomy. The third group was the control group (C. A contrast radiographic study of the esophagus was performed to evaluate gastroesophageal reflux. The anatomopathological study of the esophagus was used to evaluate esophagitis. RESULTS: During the 30-day postoperative follow-up, 14 animals in group A presented with reflux of barium in the esophagus. The presence of barium in the esophagus was observed in 7 animals in group B and in 2 animals in the control group. The result of the histopathology examination was controversial. A marked weight loss in the rats undergoing total myectomy was observed, however there was no significant statistical difference. CONCLUSION: Total myectomy in the lower third of the esophagus caused gastroesophageal reflux in the majority of the animals.OBJETIVO: Desenvolver um modelo experimental de refluxo gastroesofágico em ratos. MÉTODOS: Sessenta ratos, Wistar, foram operados e distribuídos em três grupos de vinte animais. Os animais foram submetidos a miectomia total do esôfago em um grupo(A, e em outro grupo foram submetidos a miectomia parcial(B. O terceiro grupo foi o grupo controle(C. Para avaliar o refluxo gastroesofágico realizou-se o estudo radiológico contrastado do esôfago. O estudo anátomo-patológico do esôfago foi utilizado para avaliar esofagite. RESULTADOS: Durante os 30 dias de pós-operatório, 14 animais do grupo A apresentaram refluxo de Bário no esôfago. Em 07 animais do grupo B e em 02 do grupo controle, foram observados a presença de Bário no esôfago. O resultado do histopatológico foi controverso. Observou-se perda ponderal importante nos ratos submetidos a miectomia total, porém não existiu

Un modelo de capacitación en orientación ocupacional en contextos internacionales

OpenAIRE

Admunson, Norman

2008-01-01

Este artículo describe un modelo para la capacitación de practicantes de orientación ocupacional en contextos internacionales. Este modelo utiliza un enfoque de "compromiso activo" y se fundamenta en los siguientes factores: 1. Relativos a Competencia/Habilidad; 2. Aprendizaje Experimental; 3. Desafío de Fortaleza; 4. Pensamiento Crítico; 5. Intervenciones y Procesos Dinámicos; y 6. Aprendizaje e Innovación Integradas. También se incluye un debate sobre otras cuestiones prácticas relativas a ...

Abdominal ultrasonography in the diagnostic work-up in children with recurrent abdominal pain

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wewer, Anne Vibeke; Strandberg, C; Pærregaard, Anders

1997-01-01

We report on our experience with routine abdominal ultrasonography in 120 children (aged 3-15 years) with recurrent abdominal pain, in order to determine the diagnostic value of this investigation. Eight children (7%) revealed sonographic abnormalities: gallbladder stone (n = 2), splenomegaly (n...... = 1) and urogenital abnormalities (n = 5). The recurrent abdominal pain could be explained by these findings in only two (may be three) cases. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic value of abdominal ultrasonography in unselected children with recurrent abdominal pain is low. However, the direct visualization...... of the abdominal structures as being normal may be helpful to the parents and the child in their understanding and acceptance of the benign nature of recurrent abdominal pain....

Modelo de carcinogênese gástrica utilizando piloroplastia de Finney: estudo experimental em ratos Gastric carcinogenesis model using Finney pyloroplasty: experimental study in rats

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Eliane de Marco Ferreira Kaminski

2011-12-01

Full Text Available RACIONAL: O refluxo duodenogástrico tem sido implicado como potencial carcinógeno para o estômago e esôfago e é um dos fatores que podem explicar o desenvolvimento de câncer no coto gástrico. Modelos experimentais de carcinogênese no estômago ressecado ou nas gastrojejunoanastomoses estão bem definidos. OBJETIVOS: Desenvolver um modelo experimental de carcinogênese gástrica através de piloroplastia à Finney, avaliar a influência da ingestão de nitrito de sódio nesse modelo, analisar as concentrações de ácidos biliares e o valor do pH gástrico. MÉTODOS: Foram operados 110 ratos Wistar divididos em quatro grupos: Grupo I (15 ratos submetidos à laparotomia (grupo Sham; Grupo II (15 ratos submetidos à laparotomia (Sham e à ingestão de nitrito de sódio na água de beber; Grupo III (40 ratos submetidos à piloroplastia à Finney; Grupo IV (40 ratos submetidos à piloroplastia à Finney e à ingestão de nitrito de sódio na água de beber. Após 50 semanas da operação, os ratos foram sacrificados, coletadas amostras de suco gástrico para análise do pH, dosagem dos ácidos biliares, e realizada análise histológica. RESULTADOS: A mortalidade pós-operatória imediata foi de 9% e, ao longo do experimento, 10 ratos morreram. O grupo controle (I não apresentou lesões gástricas; o grupo controle com nitrito de sódio (II desenvolveu papilomas no pré-estômago em 16.6%; os grupos operados com piloroplastia apresentaram adenomas em 10,3% no Grupo III e 14,2% no Grupo IV, e adenocarcinoma em 55,1%, no grupo III e 14,2% no Grupo IV. A implantação de glândulas para dentro da submucosa e muscular, na zona de anastomose (implantação mucosa, não foi critério suficiente para decidir sobre a malignidade das lesões, sendo necessária a presença simultânea de atipias celulares. A concentração de ácidos biliares do suco gástrico foi maior nos Grupos III e IV. A medida do pH gástrico não foi diferente nos grupos

Diseño experimental de un Modelo de Calidad de Servicio para Redes de Siguiente Generación

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Josheff David

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta un Modelo de Calidad de Servicio (QoS para Redes de Siguiente Generación (NGN, que consta de una torre de cinco capas definidas como Capa Modelo de QoS, Control de Admisión, QoS en el Enrutamiento, QoS en la Señalización, y MAC QoS. Además el modelo plantea un método basado en el concepto de segregación de funciones definiendo dos redes funcionales junto con las tareas de QoS. Luego se establecen las políticas de Control de Acceso, los protocolos y algoritmos de señalización, y de enrutamiento, así como los aspectos relacionados con el acceso al medio. Para verificar el rendimiento del modelo, se realizó un Diseño de Experimentos sobre una NGN Piloto en la herramienta de simulación OPNET Modeler. El Análisis Estadístico constó de un Análisis de Varianzas sobre las variables de salida Retardo, Jitter y Throughput, cuyo resultado determinó los factores significativos de impacto del modelo en las métricas estudiadas.   Abstract This paper presents a Model of Quality of Service (QoS for Next Generation Networks (NGN, which consists of a tower of five layers defined as Model Layer QoS, Admission Control, QoS routing, QoS signaling, MAC and QoS. The model also presents a method based on the concept of segregation of functions defining two functional networks with QoS tasks. Then, Access Control policies, protocols and algorithms, signaling and routing, as well as aspects related to media access are established. To verify the performance of the model, a Design of Experiments on a NGN Pilot was designed over simulation tool OPNET Modeler. The statistical analysis consisted of an analysis of variance on the output variables Delay, Jitter and Throughput, whose outcome determined the significant factors that impacted the model metrics.

The value of plain abdominal radiographs in management of abdominal emergencies in Luth.

Science.gov (United States)

Ashindoitiang, J A; Atoyebi, A O; Arogundade, R A

2008-01-01

The plain abdominal x-ray is still the first imaging modality in diagnosis of acute abdomen. The aim of this study was to find the value of plain abdominal x-ray in the management of abdominal emergencies seen in Lagos university teaching hospital. The accurate diagnosis of the cause of acute abdominal pain is one of the most challenging undertakings in emergency medicine. This is due to overlapping of clinical presentation and non-specific findings of physical and even laboratory data of the multifarious causes. Plain abdominal radiography is one investigation that can be obtained readily and within a short period of time to help the physician arrive at a correct diagnosis The relevance of plain abdominal radiography was therefore evaluated in the management of abdominal emergencies seen in Lagos over a 12 month period (April 2002 to March 2003). A prospective study of 100 consecutively presenting patients with acute abdominal conditions treated by the general surgical unit of Lagos University Teaching Hospital was undertaken. All patients had supine and erect abdominal x-ray before any therapeutic intervention was undertaken. The diagnostic features of the plain films were compared with final diagnosis to determine the usefulness of the plain x-ray There were 54 males and 46 females (M:F 1.2:1). Twenty-four percent of the patients had intestinal obstruction, 20% perforated typhoid enteritis; gunshot injuries and generalized peritonitis each occurred in 13%, blunt abdominal trauma in 12%, while 8% and 10% had acute appendicitis and perforated peptic ulcer disease respectively. Of 100 patients studied, 54% had plain abdominal radiographs that showed positive diagnostic features. Plain abdominal radiograph showed high sensitivity in patients with intestinal obstruction 100% and perforated peptic ulcer 90% but was less sensitive in patients with perforated typhoid, acute appendicitis, and blunt abdominal trauma and generalized peritonitis. In conclusion, this study

Evaluation of the levels of metalloproteinsase-2 in patients with abdominal aneurysm and abdominal hernias.

Science.gov (United States)

Antoszewska, Magdalena

2013-05-01

Abdominal aortic aneurysms and abdominal hernias become an important health problems of our times. Abdominal aortic aneurysm and its rupture is one of the most dangerous fact in vascular surgery. There are some theories pointing to a multifactoral genesis of these kinds of diseases, all of them assume the attenuation of abdominal fascia and abdominal aortic wall. The density and continuity of these structures depend on collagen and elastic fibers structure. Reducing the strength of the fibers may be due to changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) by the proteolytic enzymes-matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that degrade extracellular matrix proteins. These enzymes play an important role in the development of many disease: malignant tumors (colon, breast, lung, pancreas), cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury), connective tissue diseases (Ehler-Danlos Syndrome, Marfan's Syndrome), complications of diabetes (retinopathy, nephropathy). One of the most important is matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). The aim of the study was an estimation of the MMP-2 blood levels in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and primary abdominal hernia, and in patients with only abdominal aortic aneurysm. The study involved 88 patients aged 42 to 89 years, including 75 men and 13 women. Patients were divided into two groups: patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and primary abdominal hernia (45 persons, representing 51.1% of all group) and patients with only abdominal aortic aneurysm (43 persons, representing 48,9% of all group). It was a statistically significant increase in MMP-2 blood levels in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and primary abdominal hernia compared to patients with only abdominal aortic aneurysm. It was a statistically significant increase in the prevalence of POCHP in patients with only abdominal aortic aneurysm compared to patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and primary abdominal hernia. Statistically significant

Modelo de gestión del conocimiento para la pequeña y mediana empresa

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Gerardo Gabriel Alfaro Calderón

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del presente trabajo es desarrollar un modelo de Gestión del Conocimiento para las pequeñas y medianas empresas manufacturas de la Cd. de Morelia, Michoacán, México, que permita a los gestores-propietarios contar con el conocimiento en la generación y sostenimiento de ventajas competitivas en el mercado global. El método está encuadrado en una investigación no experimental, de corte transversal, en el que se hace una contrastación empírica del modelo, mediante estudios exploratorios, análisis descriptivos, estudios correlacionales y análisis multivariado, a fin de conocer el comportamiento de las variables del modelo, para hacer recomendaciones al respecto.

Modelo experimental estável de aneurisma sacular em artéria carótida de suínos utilizando veia jugular interna

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Severino Lourenço da Silva Júnior

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Desenvolver um modelo experimental estável de aneurisma sacular em carótida de suínos utilizando veia jugular interna. MÉTODOS: Em 12 suínos sadios, com peso variando entre 25 e 50kg, cinco machos e sete fêmeas, foi confeccionado aneurisma na artéria carótida comum direita. Após arteriotomia elíptica, foi realizada anastomose terminolateral com coto distal de veia jugular interna. O volume do aneurisma era calculado de maneira que o valor não excedesse em 27 vezes o valor da área da arteriotomia. Após seis dias, era realizada angiografia e análise microscópica do aneurisma para avaliar perviedade e trombose parcial ou total. RESULTADOS: Houve ganho de peso significante dos suínos no intervalo de tempo entre a confecção do aneurisma e a angiografia (p = 0,04. Foi observada perviedade aneurismática em dez suínos (83%. Ocorreram infecções de feridas operatórias em dois animais (16,6%, ambas com início de aparecimento em três dias após a confecção do aneurisma. Análise histológica dos aneurismas mostrou trombos ocluindo parcialmente a luz em nove suínos (75%. Nesses animais, observou-se que, em média, 9% da luz aneurismática estava preenchida por trombos. CONCLUSÃO: Pôde ser desenvolvido um modelo experimental estável de aneurisma sacular em carótida de suínos utilizando veia jugular interna.

Isolamento e caracterização de espécies de Pythium de ambientes aquáticos no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul e avaliação da patogenicidade em modelo experimental

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Cristina G. Zambrano

Full Text Available RESUMO: Foram coletadas 186 amostras de água de ambientes pantanosos em 13 municípios das regiões Sul, Central e Oeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, com o objetivo de isolar e caracterizar espécies de Pythium e avaliar a sua patogenicidade empregando coelhos como modelo experimental. Em 11,8% (n=22 das águas coletadas foram isoladas diferentes espécies de Pythium incluindo: P. insidiosum (n=1, P. catenulatum (n=3, P. pachycaule voucher (n=1, P. rhizo-oryzae (n=3, P. torulosum (n=4 e Pythium spp. (n=10. Zoósporos desses micro-organismos foram produzidos in vitro e inoculados por via subcutânea em coelhos, os quais foram avaliados durante 45 dias. Dentre os oomicetos testados, apenas P. insidiosum evidenciou patogenicidade, causando pitiose no modelo experimental, evidenciando que, em nossas condições, apenas esta espécie de Pythium é patógena para mamíferos.

Focused abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST) in blunt paediatric abdominal trauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Faruque, A. V.; Qazi, S. H.; Khan, M. A. M.

2013-01-01

Objective: To evaluate the role of focussed abdominal sonography for trauma in blunt paediatric abdominal trauma patients, and to see if the role of computed tomography scan could be limited to only those cases in which sonography was positive. Methods: The retrospective study covered 10 years, from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2009, and was conducted at the Department of Radiology and Department of Emergency Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. It comprised cases of 174 children from birth to 14 years who had presented with blunt abdominal trauma and had focussed abdominal sonography for trauma done at the hospital. The findings were correlated with computed tomography scan of the abdomen and clinical follow-up. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of focussed abdominal sonography for trauma were calculated for blunt abdominal trauma. SPSS 17 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Of the total 174 cases, 31 (17.81%) were later confirmed by abdominal scan. Of these 31 children, sonography had been positive in 29 (93.54%) children. In 21 (67.74%) of the 31 children, sonography had been true positive; 8 (25%) (8/31) were false positive; and 2 (6%) (2/31) were false negative. There were 6 (19.3%) children in which sonography was positive and converted to laparotomy. There was no significant difference on account of gender (p>0.356). Focussed abdominal sonography for trauma in the study had sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 95%, positive predictive value of 73%, and negative predictive value of 73% with accuracy of 94%. All patients who had negative sonography were discharged later, and had no complication on clinical follow-up. Conclusions: Focussed abdominal sonography for trauma is a fairly reliable mode to assess blunt abdominal trauma in children. It is a useful tool to pick high-grade solid and hollow viscous injury. The results suggest that the role of computed tomography scan can be

Focused abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST) in blunt paediatric abdominal trauma.

Science.gov (United States)

Faruque, Ahmad Vaqas; Qazi, Saqib Hamid; Khan, Muhammad Arif Mateen; Akhtar, Wassem; Majeed, Amina

2013-03-01

To evaluate the role of focussed abdominal sonography for trauma in blunt paediatric abdominal trauma patients, and to see if the role of computed tomography scan could be limited to only those cases in which sonography was positive. The retrospective study covered 10 years, from January 1,2000 to December 31,2009, and was conducted at the Department of Radiology and Department of Emergency Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. It comprised cases of 174 children from birth to 14 years who had presented with blunt abdominal trauma and had focussed abdominal sonography for trauma done at the hospital. The findings were correlated with computed tomography scan of the abdomen and clinical follow-up. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of focussed abdominal sonography for trauma were calculated for blunt abdominal trauma. SPSS 17 was used for statistical analysis. Of the total 174 cases, 31 (17.81%) were later confirmed by abdominal scan. Of these 31 children, sonography had been positive in 29 (93.54%) children. In 21 (67.74%) of the 31 children, sonograpy had been true positive; 8 (25%) (8/31) were false positive; and 2 (6%) (2/31) were false negative. There were 6 (19.3%) children in which sonography was positive and converted to laparotomy. There was no significant difference on account of gender (p>0.356). Focussed abdominal sonography for trauma in the study had sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 95%, positive predictive value of 73%, and negative predictive value of 73% with accuracy of 94%. All patients who had negative sonography were discharged later, and had no complication on clinical follow-up. Focussed abdominal sonography for trauma is a fairly reliable mode to assess blunt abdominal trauma in children. It is a useful tool to pick high-grade solid and hollow viscous injury. The results suggest that the role of computed tomography scan can be limited to those cases in which focussed

Investigación de seromas postliposucción y dermolipectomía abdominal Investigation about seromas in liposuction and abdominal dermolipectomy

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E. Moretti

2006-09-01

Full Text Available El seroma es una de las complicaciones de los procedimientos estéticos de la pared abdominal. Este líquido contenido en el tejido celular subcutáneo y en el espacio supraaponeurótico es frecuente tema de discusión debido a que hay opiniones divergentes y contradictorias con respecto a los factores etiológicos, los elementos que contribuyen a su formación y a su tratamiento. El presente estudio de 2 años de duración, fue diseñado para investigar la incidencia de seromas en liposucciones y dermolipectomías abdominales aisladas, y cuando ambos procedimientos se realizan directamente en el colgajo abdominal. Se estudió esta complicación desde diferentes aspectos: experimental (15 conejos albinos de Nueva Zelanda, histopatológico y mediante análisis restropectivo en 60 casos. Se concluye, desde el punto de vista experimental, que los seromas son exudados. Su origen linfático se demostró por la presencia de linfangiectasias en las biopsias de los animales. El análisis retrospectivo de los casos clínicos y los resultados de laboratorio determinaron que cuando la dermolipectomía y liposucción se realizan en forma aislada el riesgo de desarrollar seromas es menor (13,04% que cuando ambos procedimientos se realizan juntos sobre el colgajo (50%. La aparición de células polimorfomucleares en el líquido indica la contaminación del seroma.Seroma is one of the complications of the aesthetic procedures in the abdominal wall. This fluid collected in the subcutaneous cellular tissue and in the supraaponeurotic space is a frequent subject of discussion since there are many divergent and contradictory opinions with regard to the etiologic factors and the elements that contribute in its formation and or its treatment. A two-year study was conducted to investigate incidence of seromas in liposuction and abdominal dermolipectomy and when both procedures was performed in the abdominal flap. We studied this complication from different aspects

Obesity-Associated Abdominal Elephantiasis

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Ritesh Kohli

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Abdominal elephantiasis is a rare entity. Abdominal elephantiasis is an uncommon, but deformative and progressive cutaneous disease caused by chronic lymphedema and recurrent streptococcal or Staphylococcus infections of the abdominal wall. We present 3 cases of patients with morbid obesity who presented to our hospital with abdominal wall swelling, thickening, erythema, and pain. The abdominal wall and legs were edematous, with cobblestone-like, thickened, hyperpigmented, and fissured plaques on the abdomen. Two patients had localised areas of skin erythema, tenderness, and increased warmth. There was purulent drainage from the abdominal wall in one patient. They were managed with antibiotics with some initial improvement. Meticulous skin care and local keratolytic treatment for the lesions were initiated with limited success due to their late presentation. All three patients refused surgical therapy. Conclusion. Early diagnosis is important for the treatment of abdominal elephantiasis and prevention of complications.

Autonomic nervous system function in patients with functional abdominal pain. An experimental study

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, L S; Christiansen, P; Raundahl, U

1993-01-01

Functional abdominal pain--that is, pain without demonstrable organic abnormalities--has often been associated with psychologic stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether sympathetic nervous system response to laboratory stress and basal parasympathetic neural activity were...

Child with Abdominal Pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Iyer, Rajalakshmi; Nallasamy, Karthi

2018-01-01

Abdominal pain is one of the common symptoms reported by children in urgent care clinics. While most children tend to have self-limiting conditions, the treating pediatrician should watch out for underlying serious causes like intestinal obstruction and perforation peritonitis, which require immediate referral to an emergency department (ED). Abdominal pain may be secondary to surgical or non-surgical causes, and will differ as per the age of the child. The common etiologies for abdominal pain presenting to an urgent care clinic are acute gastro-enteritis, constipation and functional abdominal pain; however, a variety of extra-abdominal conditions may also present as abdominal pain. Meticulous history taking and physical examination are the best tools for diagnosis, while investigations have a limited role in treating benign etiologies.

Is beer consumption related to measures of abdominal and general obesity? A systematic review and meta-analysis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bendsen, N.T.; Christensen, R.; Bartels, E.M.; Kok, F.J.; Sierksma, A.; Raben, A.; Astrup, A.

2013-01-01

A systematic review was conducted to assess the evidence linking beer consumption to abdominal and general obesity. Following a systematic search strategy, 35 eligible observational studies and 12 experimental studies were identified. Regarding abdominal obesity, most observational data pointed

Utilización del modelo cam-clay modificado en suelos cohesivos de la sabana de Bogotá

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Javier Fernando Camacho Tauta

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Con el fin de estudiar el comportamiento mecánico de arcillas típicas de la Sabana de Bogotá, se llevó a cabo un programa de investigación experimental en laboratorio que incluyó ensayos básicos de caracterización, consolidación unidimensional y compresión triaxial consolidada no drenada. De los resultados se obtuvieron los principales parámetros de resistencia y deformabilidad de acuerdo con la teoría del estado crítico. Estos parámetros permiten conformar un modelo de comportamiento bajo el régimen elastoplástico. Se utilizó el modelo Cam-Clay Modificado (CCM para reproducir las deformaciones resultantes para cada trayectoria de esfuerzos aplicada. Se compararon las curvas producidas por el modelo con respecto a los resultados experimentales, lo que permitió identificar bajo cuales condiciones el modelo simula mejor el comportamiento del suelo y sobre qué variables se debe trabajar para obtener un modelo constitutivo completo.

Computerized dosimetry of I-125 sources model 6711; Dosimetria computarizada de las fuentes de I-125 modelo 6711

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Isturiz, J [Centre de Radiotherapie du Parc, Dijon (France)

2001-07-01

It tries on: physical presentation of the sources; radiation protection; mathematical model of I-125 source model 6711; data considered for the calculation program; experimental com probation of the dose distribution; exposure rate and apparent activity; techniques of the use given to the sources I-125; and the calculation planning systems. [Spanish] Trata sobre presentacion fisica de las fuentes, radioproteccion, modelo matematico de las fuentes I-125 modelo 6711, datos considerados en el programa de calculo, comprobacion experimental de la distribucion de dosis, tasa de exposicion y actividad aparente, tecnicas de utilizacion de las fuentes I-125; y los sistemas de planificacion del calculo de las dosis.

Modelos socioeconómicos para las pymes

OpenAIRE

Viloria, Amelec

2007-01-01

En el presente artículo se revisan (5) modelos socioeconómicos para las Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas (PYMES): formación continua, asociatividad, desarrollo sostenible de empresas innovadoras, PYMES inteligentes y web fractal. Las ventajas y desventajas de dichos modelos se utilizaran para elaborar un nuevo modelo cuyo objetivo será incrementar la productividad de las PYMES del sector manufacturero en el estado Lara. Entre los aportes más importantes que los (5) modelos estudiados pueden hacer...

Abdominal Compartment Syndrome

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Pınar Zeyneloğlu

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Intraabdominal hypertension and Abdominal compartment syndrome are causes of morbidity and mortality in critical care patients. Timely diagnosis and treatment may improve organ functions. Intra-abdominal pressure monitoring is vital during evaluation of the patients and in the management algorithms. The incidence, definition and risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of intraabdominal hypertension and Abdominal compartment syndrome were reviewed here.

Abdominal wall fat pad biopsy

Science.gov (United States)

Amyloidosis - abdominal wall fat pad biopsy; Abdominal wall biopsy; Biopsy - abdominal wall fat pad ... is the most common method of taking an abdominal wall fat pad biopsy . The health care provider cleans the ...

Modelos de engajamento

OpenAIRE

Santos,Roberval de Jesus Leone dos

2005-01-01

O artigo apresenta três modelos de engajamento propostos por autores fundamentais do século XX: Gramsci, Sartre e Camus. Após a revisão dos modelos, o autor desenvolve uma abordagem generalizada do fenômeno e apresenta duas conclusões principais: o engajamento tem de ser entendido em termos de grau; o engajamento é um fenômeno exclusivo de sociedades políticas ou antagônicas.The paper presents three models of engagement proposed by fundamental authors of the 20th century: Gramsci, Sartre and ...

Qualidade de vida de adolescentes modelos profissionais

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Luciana Pires

Full Text Available Muitas adolescentes deixam suas famílias para seguir a profissão de modelo, sonhando com um futuro glamoroso. O presente estudo caso-controle analisou a qualidade de vida de 74 adolescentes do sexo feminino, sendo 37 modelos, agenciadas em São Paulo, com delineamento transversal, utilizando o World Health Organization Quality of Life - versão breve (WHOQOL-BREF, que avalia qualidade de vida global e os domínios físico, psicológico, social e ambiental. Utilizou-se o Critério Brasil 2008, para avaliação do nível socioeconômico e para parear o grupo controle. Em geral, o grupo de modelos obteve médias superiores ao grupo de não modelos, sendo esta diferença significante apenas no domínio psicológico. Observou-se que as adolescentes modelos apresentaram uma qualidade de vida semelhante à das não modelos.

Accuracy of the abdominal examination for identifying children with blunt intra-abdominal injuries.

Science.gov (United States)

Adelgais, Kathleen M; Kuppermann, Nathan; Kooistra, Joshua; Garcia, Madelyn; Monroe, David J; Mahajan, Prashant; Menaker, Jay; Ehrlich, Peter; Atabaki, Shireen; Page, Kent; Kwok, Maria; Holmes, James F

2014-12-01

To determine the accuracy of complaints of abdominal pain and findings of abdominal tenderness for identifying children with intra-abdominal injury (IAI) stratified by Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score. This was a prospective, multicenter observational study of children with blunt torso trauma and a GCS score ≥13. We calculated the sensitivity of abdominal findings for IAI with 95% CI stratified by GCS score. We examined the association of isolated abdominal pain or tenderness with IAI and that undergoing acute intervention (therapeutic laparotomy, angiographic embolization, blood transfusion, or ≥2 nights of intravenous fluid therapy). Among the 12 044 patients evaluated, 11 277 (94%) had a GCS score of ≥13 and were included in this analysis. Sensitivity of abdominal pain for IAI was 79% (95% CI, 76%-83%) for patients with a GCS score of 15, 51% (95% CI, 37%-65%) for patients with a GCS score of 14, and 32% (95% CI, 14%-55%) for patients with a GCS score of 13. Sensitivity of abdominal tenderness for IAI also decreased with decreasing GCS score: 79% (95% CI, 75%-82%) for a GCS score of 15, 57% (95% CI, 42%-70%) for a GCS score of 14, and 37% (95% CI, 19%-58%) for a GCS score of 13. Among patients with isolated abdominal pain and/or tenderness, the rate of IAI was 8% (95% CI, 6%-9%) and the rate of IAI undergoing acute intervention was 1% (95% CI, 1%-2%). The sensitivity of abdominal findings for IAI decreases as GCS score decreases. Although abdominal computed tomography is not mandatory, the risk of IAI is sufficiently high that diagnostic evaluation is warranted in children with isolated abdominal pain or tenderness. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Hacia un modelo de desempeño ocupacional : desarrollo del modelo = Towars a model of occupational performance: Model development

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Chapparo , Christine

2008-02-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN:Este artículo ha esbozado el proceso de construcción del modelo que ha tenido como resultado un modelo de Desempeño Ocupacional. El estímulo para el desarrollo del modelo vino de la percepción de la necesidad de un modelo conceptual de la práctica de la terapia ocupacional y las ocupaciones humanas que fuera capaz de organizar el contenido de la terapia ocupacional dentro del currículo universitario en La Universidad de Sydney. El modelo actual incorpora ocho constructos fundamentales que incluyen: desempeño ocupacional, rol ocupacional, áreas ocupacionales, componentes del desempeño ocupacional, elementos centrales del desempeño ocupacional, ambiente, espacio y tiempo. Estos constructos emergieron a través de un proceso circular de teorización que incluía una revisión del material publicado, realización de pruebas sobre el terreno, reflexión y construcción del modelo. Este proceso circular continúa y la forma actual del modelo es considerada como una fase en la evolución de futuras nociones conceptuales del desempeño ocupacional.

Internal Mammary Vessels’ Impact on Abdominal Skin Perfusion in Free Abdominal Flap Breast Reconstruction

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Solveig Nergård, MD

2017-12-01

Conclusions:. Using the IMV in free abdominal flap breast reconstruction had a significant effect on abdominal skin perfusion and may contribute to abdominal wound healing problems. The reperfusion of the abdominal skin was a dynamic process showing an increase in perfusion in the affected areas during the postoperative days.

Datos experimentales de la cinética del secado y del modelo matemático para pulpa de cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum en rodajas Kinetic drying experimental data and mathematical model for cupuaçu pulp (Theobroma grandiflora slices

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abraham Damian Giraldo-Zuniga

2010-03-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo fueron obtenidos experimentalmente la cinética del secado de la pulpa de cupuaçu en forma de rodajas con espesor de 0,5 cm. El secado fue realizado utilizándose un secador laboratorial de bandejas, a las temperaturas de 50, 60 y 70 ºC y a la velocidad del aire de secado de 1,5 m/s. De acuerdo con los datos de la cinética del secado se puede observar que cuanto mayor es la temperatura del secado mayor es la velocidad del secado. El tiempo requerido para secar el producto hasta una humedad del 20%, fueron 9,2, 8,1 y 7,3 horas para las temperaturas de secado de 50, 60 y 70 ºC respectivamente. Las curvas experimentales del secado fueron ajustados al modelo difusional de Fick considerándose la muestra como una lámina infinita y al modelo de Page. Los dos modelos se ajustaron bien a los datos experimentales. Los coeficientes de difusión del modelo de Fick variaron de 1.171 a 1.561 m/s².This work examined experimentally the kinetics of drying cupuaçu pulp (Theobroma grandiflorum slices. The experimental runs were driven in a laboratory dryer, at temperatures of 50, 60 and 70 ºC and an air drying velocity of 1.5 m/s. According to the kinetics study, increasing the temperature led to a decrease in drying time. The required drying times were 9.2, 8.1 and 7.3 hours for drying temperatures of 50, 60 and 70 ºC respectively. The experimental drying curves were adjusted to Fick's diffusional model for an infinite lamina with shrinkage and Page model. The diffusion coefficients of the Fick model varied between 1.171 and 1.561 m/s².

Don't Forget the Abdominal Wall: Imaging Spectrum of Abdominal Wall Injuries after Nonpenetrating Trauma.

Science.gov (United States)

Matalon, Shanna A; Askari, Reza; Gates, Jonathan D; Patel, Ketan; Sodickson, Aaron D; Khurana, Bharti

2017-01-01

Abdominal wall injuries occur in nearly one of 10 patients coming to the emergency department after nonpenetrating trauma. Injuries range from minor, such as abdominal wall contusion, to severe, such as abdominal wall rupture with evisceration of abdominal contents. Examples of specific injuries that can be detected at cross-sectional imaging include abdominal muscle strain, tear, or hematoma, including rectus sheath hematoma (RSH); traumatic abdominal wall hernia (TAWH); and Morel-Lavallée lesion (MLL) (closed degloving injury). These injuries are often overlooked clinically because of (a) a lack of findings at physical examination or (b) distraction by more-severe associated injuries. However, these injuries are important to detect because they are highly associated with potentially grave visceral and vascular injuries, such as aortic injury, and because their detection can lead to the diagnosis of these more clinically important grave traumatic injuries. Failure to make a timely diagnosis can result in delayed complications, such as bowel hernia with potential for obstruction or strangulation, or misdiagnosis of an abdominal wall neoplasm. Groin injuries, such as athletic pubalgia, and inferior costochondral injuries should also be considered in patients with abdominal pain after nonpenetrating trauma, because these conditions may manifest with referred abdominal pain and are often included within the field of view at cross-sectional abdominal imaging. Radiologists must recognize and report acute abdominal wall injuries and their associated intra-abdominal pathologic conditions to allow appropriate and timely treatment. © RSNA, 2017.

Correlation between intra-abdominal pressure and pulmonary volumes after superior and inferior abdominal surgery

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Roberto de Cleva

2014-07-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE:Patients undergoing abdominal surgery are at risk for pulmonary complications. The principal cause of postoperative pulmonary complications is a significant reduction in pulmonary volumes (FEV1 and FVC to approximately 65-70% of the predicted value. Another frequent occurrence after abdominal surgery is increased intra-abdominal pressure. The aim of this study was to correlate changes in pulmonary volumes with the values of intra-abdominal pressure after abdominal surgery, according to the surgical incision in the abdomen (superior or inferior.METHODS:We prospectively evaluated 60 patients who underwent elective open abdominal surgery with a surgical time greater than 240 minutes. Patients were evaluated before surgery and on the 3rd postoperative day. Spirometry was assessed by maximal respiratory maneuvers and flow-volume curves. Intra-abdominal pressure was measured in the postoperative period using the bladder technique.RESULTS:The mean age of the patients was 56±13 years, and 41.6% 25 were female; 50 patients (83.3% had malignant disease. The patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical incision (superior or inferior. The lung volumes in the preoperative period showed no abnormalities. After surgery, there was a significant reduction in both FEV1 (1.6±0.6 L and FVC (2.0±0.7 L with maintenance of FEV1/FVC of 0.8±0.2 in both groups. The maximum intra-abdominal pressure values were similar (p= 0.59 for the two groups. There was no association between pulmonary volumes and intra-abdominal pressure measured in any of the groups analyzed.CONCLUSIONS:Our results show that superior and inferior abdominal surgery determines hypoventilation, unrelated to increased intra-abdominal pressure. Patients at high risk of pulmonary complications should receive respiratory care even if undergoing inferior abdominal surgery.

Correlation between intra-abdominal pressure and pulmonary volumes after superior and inferior abdominal surgery.

Science.gov (United States)

Cleva, Roberto de; Assumpção, Marianna Siqueira de; Sasaya, Flavia; Chaves, Natalia Zuniaga; Santo, Marco Aurelio; Fló, Claudia; Lunardi, Adriana C; Jacob Filho, Wilson

2014-07-01

Patients undergoing abdominal surgery are at risk for pulmonary complications. The principal cause of postoperative pulmonary complications is a significant reduction in pulmonary volumes (FEV1 and FVC) to approximately 65-70% of the predicted value. Another frequent occurrence after abdominal surgery is increased intra-abdominal pressure. The aim of this study was to correlate changes in pulmonary volumes with the values of intra-abdominal pressure after abdominal surgery, according to the surgical incision in the abdomen (superior or inferior). We prospectively evaluated 60 patients who underwent elective open abdominal surgery with a surgical time greater than 240 minutes. Patients were evaluated before surgery and on the 3rd postoperative day. Spirometry was assessed by maximal respiratory maneuvers and flow-volume curves. Intra-abdominal pressure was measured in the postoperative period using the bladder technique. The mean age of the patients was 56 ± 13 years, and 41.6% 25 were female; 50 patients (83.3%) had malignant disease. The patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical incision (superior or inferior). The lung volumes in the preoperative period showed no abnormalities. After surgery, there was a significant reduction in both FEV1 (1.6 ± 0.6 L) and FVC (2.0 ± 0.7 L) with maintenance of FEV1/FVC of 0.8 ± 0.2 in both groups. The maximum intra-abdominal pressure values were similar (p=0.59) for the two groups. There was no association between pulmonary volumes and intra-abdominal pressure measured in any of the groups analyzed. Our results show that superior and inferior abdominal surgery determines hypoventilation, unrelated to increased intra-abdominal pressure. Patients at high risk of pulmonary complications should receive respiratory care even if undergoing inferior abdominal surgery.

Physicians' Abdominal Auscultation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

John, Gade; Peter, Kruse; Andersen, Ole Trier

1998-01-01

Background: Abdominal auscultation has an important position in the physical examination of the abdomen. Little is known about rater agreement. The aim of this study was to describe rater agreement and thus, indirectly, the value of the examination. Methods: In a semi-virtual setup 12 recordings...... subjects and in patients with intestinal obstruction was acceptable for a clinical examination. Abdominal auscultation is a helpful clinical examination in patients with acute abdominal pain....

Estudio del modelo de desgaste propuesto por Archard

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FABIO ALEXANDER SUÁREZ BUSTAMANTE

2005-01-01

Full Text Available El comportamiento de componentes de máquinas y de materiales necesita ser optimizado para reducir los costos de operación en las plantas industriales. Este hecho ha impulsado la Tribología, un área relacionada con el estudio de la fricción, la lubricación y el desgaste. Uno de los principales objetivos de esta área del conocimiento es elaborar modelos matemáticos para expresar la variación del desgaste durante el contacto de superficies en movimiento, con el fin de predecir la vida útil de los elementos de máquinas. El modelo de Archard para desgaste por deslizamiento en seco, formulado en 1953, es un modelo clásico que plantea una variación del desgaste inversamente proporcional a la dureza del material y directamente proporcional a la carga aplicada. En el presente trabajo, se ha utilizado el método de modelamiento de problemas físicos, propuesto por Asbhy, para analizar los modelos propuestos por Archard (Modelo de contactos múltiples en superficies rugosas y modelo de desgaste mecánico. Con base en él se ha podido realizar un análisis profundo a dichos modelos, mostrando un panorama más amplio del modelo de Archard; se discuten aspectos no mostrados en los textos y artículos de tribología, donde el tratamiento dado a este modelo resulta ser superficial, desconociendo las limitaciones y la perspectiva que tuvo Archard sobre los aspectos que deberían considerarse en un modelo de desgaste.

La tutoría universitaria: del modelo actual a un modelo integral

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Manuel Álvarez González

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo señala la importancia de la acción tutorial en una educación universitaria de calidad y en un espacio de convergencia docente y tutorial, que tiene como objetivo primordial la formación integral del alumnado. Ahora bien, hemos de admitir que el modelo de tutoría actual ha mostrado una serie de déficits que no le han permitido cumplir con su cometido. Para ello, es necesario plantear una serie de aspectos de mejora que nos conduzcan a un modelo integral de tutoría donde han de tener cabida, de forma coordinada, los diferentes niveles o modalidades de tutoría, con la implicación, motivación y formación de todos los agentes educativos y de orientación de la institución. Y, para que este nuevo modelo tutorial pueda implantarse, requiere de un cambio en la función tutorial como un aspecto de la función docente y se han de facilitar las condiciones que permitan la consolidación de dicho modelo y esto no pude venir exclusivamente por la vía de una mera imposición (mandato legal, sino a través de un verdadero plan estratégico, que esté consensuado por todos.

Modelos de valoración basados en magnitudes contables: limitaciones del modelo de resultado residual Modelos de avaliação baseados na contabilidade: limitações do modelo do lucro residual

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Sonia Caro Fernández

2010-08-01

Full Text Available La investigación contable orientada al mercado de capitales ha vuelto a dirigir recientemente su interés hacia los modelos de valoración de acciones. Este cambio se ha venido produciendo de manera paralela a la constatación empírica de la existencia de numerosas anomalías en el comportamiento del mercado y la capacidad de las variables contables para explicar las diferencias en las rentabilidades obtenidas por los títulos en el mercado. Todo ello ha propiciado el diseño y desarrollo de estrategias de inversión que permitían obtener rentabilidades anormales positivas. En este escenario, el análisis de los datos contables ha ido cobrando mayor interés, centrándose el interés en tratar de determinar el valor de una empresa (valor intrínseco y, pasando a un segundo plano, la explicación del comportamiento del precio. La determinación del valor intrínseco pasa necesariamente por el establecimiento de un modelo de valoración. Durante la última década, el Modelo de Resultado Residual (MRR ha llegado a ser prominente en la literatura. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los fundamentos conceptuales del MRR. Después de indicar sus ventajas en comparación con los modelos tradicionales de valoración, nos centramos en la descripción de sus limitaciones tanto desde un punto de vista teórico como empírico. Las características más significativas que se analizan son: la violación de la "condición de excedente limpio", el efecto escala, y la estimación del valor terminal. Las distintas circunstancias inherentes a la aplicación empírica del modelo hacen que su análisis sea problemático, y que difícilmente podamos poner en duda su validez, ya que pueden ser las distintas proposiciones asumidas y necesarias para llevar el modelo a la práctica las que sean erróneas.A pesquisa contábil na área do mercado de capitais recentemente voltou a investigar os modelos de avaliação de ações. Esta mudança tem ocorrida de forma

The therapeutic impact of abdominal ultrasound in patients with acute abdominal symptoms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dhillon, S.; Halligan, S.; Goh, V.; Matravers, P.; Chambers, A.; Remedios, D.

2002-01-01

AIM: The technical performance of abdominal ultrasound in the investigation of acute abdominal pain has been thoroughly investigated but its therapeutic effects are less well understood. We aimed to determine the therapeutic effect of abdominal ultrasound in the investigation of acute abdominal pain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A pre- and post-intervention observational study design was used to determine the diagnostic and therapeutic effects of abdominal ultrasound for acute abdominal pain. Referring clinicians completed a pre-ultrasound questionnaire that detailed their leading diagnosis, confidence in this and intended management in 100 consecutive adult patients. Following ultrasound a second questionnaire was completed. This again detailed the leading diagnosis, confidence in this and their intended management. Clinicians quantified the management contribution of ultrasound both for the individual case in question and in their clinical experience generally. RESULTS: The leading diagnosis was either confirmed or rejected in 72 patients and a new diagnosis provided where no prior differential diagnosis existed in 10. Diagnostic confidence increased significantly following ultrasound (mean score 6·5 pre-ultrasound vs 7·6 post-ultrasound, P < 0·001). Intended management changed following ultrasound in 22 patients; 15 intended laparotomies were halted and a further seven patients underwent surgery where this was not originally intended. Ultrasound was rated either 'very' or 'moderately' helpful in 87% of patients, with 99% of clinicians finding it either 'very' or 'moderately' helpful generally. CONCLUSION: Abdominal ultrasound has considerable diagnostic and therapeutic effect in the setting of acute abdominal pain. Dhillon, S. et al. (2002)

Chronic Abdominal Wall Pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Koop, Herbert; Koprdova, Simona; Schürmann, Christine

2016-01-29

Chronic abdominal wall pain is a poorly recognized clinical problem despite being an important element in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain. This review is based on pertinent articles that were retrieved by a selective search in PubMed and EMBASE employing the terms "abdominal wall pain" and "cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome," as well as on the authors' clinical experience. In 2% to 3% of patients with chronic abdominal pain, the pain arises from the abdominal wall; in patients with previously diagnosed chronic abdominal pain who have no demonstrable pathological abnormality, this likelihood can rise as high as 30% . There have only been a small number of clinical trials of treatment for this condition. The diagnosis is made on clinical grounds, with the aid of Carnett's test. The characteristic clinical feature is strictly localized pain in the anterior abdominal wall, which is often mischaracterized as a "functional" complaint. In one study, injection of local anesthesia combined with steroids into the painful area was found to relieve pain for 4 weeks in 95% of patients. The injection of lidocaine alone brought about improvement in 83-91% of patients. Long-term pain relief ensued after a single lidocaine injection in 20-30% of patients, after repeated injections in 40-50% , and after combined lidocaine and steroid injections in up to 80% . Pain that persists despite these treatments can be treated with surgery (neurectomy). Chronic abdominal wall pain is easily diagnosed on physical examination and can often be rapidly treated. Any physician treating patients with abdominal pain should be aware of this condition. Further comparative treatment trials will be needed before a validated treatment algorithm can be established.

Nutritional and metabolic changes due the abdominal radiation: experimental study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mucerino, Donato R.; Waitzberg, Dan L.; Campos, Fabio G. de; Melo Auricchio, Maria T. de; Gama-Rodrigues, Joaquim J.; Lima-Goncalves, Ernesto L.

1995-01-01

In this study the effects on nutritional status and energetic metabolism due the abdominal irradiation were analysed. Adult male wistar rats (48), were divided in two groups Control (C) and radiated (R). The rats were maintained all time in metabolic cages. the study was done in two periods: period 1 begun at 0 day, were rats adapted to cages and oral diet, had food and water ad libitum. At the day four indirect calorimetric measurements were performed (calorimetry 1). At period 2, group R rats abdominal radiation at a 300 c Gy/day rate, for 5 consecutive days, and group C started a pair-feeding process linked individually to R rats and suffered application to simulated-irradiation. Two other calorimetric measurements (II,III) were performing during period 2. After radiation the last calorimetry was performed (IV). At sacrifice (day 14) blood was collected for determination of hemoglobin, hematocrit, albumin and transferrin. There were no statistical differences among groups C and R during period 1 (p < 0.05). Great reduction in food intake and weight variation were found in period 2, but weight loss was significantly higher in R rats. Nitrogen balance decrease in period 2, but without difference among the groups (p < 0.05). Serum albumin was significantly lower in R rats. Respiratory quotient decreased in both groups during period 2, but rats kept it lower (p < 0.05). The energy expenditure level decreased after radiation in group R. During period 2 total substrate oxidation decreased in R rats. Radiation decrease glucose and protein oxidation. In conclusion, in this study's conditions, radiation produced malnutrition by reducing food intake by bringing weight loss, hypoalbuminemia and decrease nitrogen balance. Radiation was also responsible for a reduction of metabolism, by promoting the fall of energy expenditure. These changes are not only due the anorexia, undoubtful a main factor. (author)

Intra-Abdominal Hypertension and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in Association with Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in the Endovascular Era: Vigilance Remains Critical

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Matthew C. Bozeman

2012-01-01

In this review, we describe published experience with IAH and ACS complicating abdominal vascular catastrophes, experience with ACS complicating endovascular repair of rAAAs, and techniques for management of the abdominal wound. Vigilance and appropriate management of IAH and ACS remains critically important in decreasing morbidity and optimizing survival following catastrophic intra-abdominal vascular events.

Torsion of abdominal appendages presenting with acute abdominal pain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Al-Jaberi, Tareq M.; Gharabeih, Kamal I.; Yaghan, Rami J.

2000-01-01

Diseases of abnormal appendages are rare causes of abdominal pain in all age groups. Nine patients with torsion and infraction of abdominal appendages were retrospectively reviewed. Four patients had torsion and infarction of the appendices epiploicae, four patients had torsion and infarction of the falciform ligament. The patient with falciform ligament disease represents the first reported case of primary torsion and infarction of the falciform ligament, and the patient with the transverse colon epiplocia represents the first reported case of vibration-induced appendix epiplocia torsion and infarction. The patient with the falciform ligament disease presented with a tender upper abdominal mass and the remaining patients were operated upon with the preoperative diagnosis of acute appendicitis. The presence of normal appendix with free serosanguinous fluid in the peritoneal cavity should raise the possibility of a disease and calls for further evaluation of the intra-abdominal organs. If the diagnosis is suspected preoperatively, CT scan and ultrasound may lead to a correct diagnosis and possibly conservative management. Laparoscopy is playing an increasing diagnostic and therapeutic role in such situations. (author)

Intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal compartment syndrome in acute general surgery.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Sugrue, Michael

2012-01-31

BACKGROUND: Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) is a harbinger of intra-abdominal mischief, and its measurement is cheap, simple to perform, and reproducible. Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), especially grades 3 and 4 (IAP > 18 mmHg), occurs in over a third of patients and is associated with an increase in intra-abdominal sepsis, bleeding, renal failure, and death. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Increased IAP reading may provide an objective bedside stimulus for surgeons to expedite diagnostic and therapeutic work-up of critically ill patients. One of the greatest challenges surgeons and intensivists face worldwide is lack of recognition of the known association between IAH, ACS, and intra-abdominal sepsis. This lack of awareness of IAH and its progression to ACS may delay timely intervention and contribute to excessive patient resuscitation. CONCLUSIONS: All patients entering the intensive care unit (ICU) after emergency general surgery or massive fluid resuscitation should have an IAP measurement performed every 6 h. Each ICU should have guidelines relating to techniques of IAP measurement and an algorithm for management of IAH.

Desde la coexistencia de modelos de representación, hasta la cristalización de un nuevo modelo: la ventana indiscreta

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Francisco Manuel Sánchez Sánchez

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Noël Burch puso las bases para la sistematización de los diferentes modelos de representación cinematográfica. El eje esencial de su argumentación, expuesto en El tragaluz del infinito, es que lo que distinguen los diferentes modelos es la posición de la mirada del espectador sobre la diégesis. Tomando en cuenta este punto de partida, Burch identifica dos modelos: el modelo de representación primitivo (MRP, regido por una mirada frontal y exterior al mundo diegético, y el modelo de representación institucional (MRI que se caracteriza por la ubicuidad de una mirada interior a ese mundo. Partiendo de esta consideración metodológica de estudio, el presente artículo rastrea la coexistencia de ambos modelos en La ventana indiscreta de Alfred Hitchcock,concretamente cómo se articulan y cohabitan en el texto fílmico, así como la cristalización de un modelo tercero caracterizado por una mirada independizada y vinculada a la cámara.

Influencia local em modelos de series temporais

OpenAIRE

Bruno Reis dos Santos

2008-01-01

Resumo: Nesta dissertação é discutido o uso da metodologia de diagnóstico de Influência Local em modelos de séries temporais. Especificamente, serão estudados os modelos autoregressivos de ordem um, os modelos de regressão com erros autoregressivos de ordem um e modelos de longa-memória. As medidas de influência local consideradas são: Inclinação de Billor e Loynes e Curvatura de Cook. As principais contribuições nesta dissertação são duas. Primeiro, a utilização da metodologia de limiares (b...

Modelo de contaminación del aire

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Iván Naula

2010-12-01

Full Text Available El presente documento estudia un modelo matemático de contaminación del aire, este modelo se basa en una ecuación en derivadas parciales de tipo parabólico lineal llamada ecuación de convección difusión. En la primera parte se trata el tema de contaminación del aire, su importancia, causas, consecuencias y por qué es necesario formular modelos matemáticos, luego se realiza un estudio de los principales resultados de la mecánica de medios continuos aplicados a la contaminación del aire, y se propone un modelo matemático.

Propuesta de un modelo genérico para el modelo de negocio

OpenAIRE

Daniele, Marcela; Baum, Gabriel Alfredo; Martellotto, Paola; Novaira, Maria Marta

2004-01-01

Para el abordaje al diseño y desarrollo de todo sistema de software es necesario estudiar en detalle la estructura y dinámica de la organización donde el mismo deberá funcionar. Esto ayudará a obtener una lista de requerimientos del sistema más acertada. Con el propósito enunciado, Booch, Rumbaugh y Jacobson [3] proponen construir el modelo de negocio como primera etapa del Proceso Unificado de desarrollo de software. En este trabajo analizamos los artefactos del modelo del negocio y sus rela...

Retrospective comparison of abdominal ultrasonography and radiography in the investigation of feline abdominal disease

Science.gov (United States)

Won, Wylen Wade; Sharma, Ajay; Wu, Wenbo

2015-01-01

Abdominal radiography and ultrasonography are commonly used as part of the initial diagnostic plan for cats with nonspecific signs of abdominal disease. This retrospective study compared the clinical usefulness of abdominal radiography and ultrasonography in 105 feline patients with signs of abdominal disease. The final diagnosis was determined more commonly with ultrasonography (59%) compared to radiography (25.7%). Ultrasonography was also able to provide additional clinically relevant information in 76% of cases, and changed or refined the diagnosis in 47% of cases. Based on these findings, ultrasonography may be sufficient as an initial diagnostic test for the investigation of feline abdominal disease. PMID:26483582

Mechanical behaviour of synthetic surgical meshes: finite element simulation of the herniated abdominal wall.

Science.gov (United States)

Hernández-Gascón, B; Peña, E; Melero, H; Pascual, G; Doblaré, M; Ginebra, M P; Bellón, J M; Calvo, B

2011-11-01

The material properties of meshes used in hernia surgery contribute to the overall mechanical behaviour of the repaired abdominal wall. The mechanical response of a surgical mesh has to be defined since the haphazard orientation of an anisotropic mesh can lead to inconsistent surgical outcomes. This study was designed to characterize the mechanical behaviour of three surgical meshes (Surgipro®, Optilene® and Infinit®) and to describe a mechanical constitutive law that accurately reproduces the experimental results. Finally, through finite element simulation, the behaviour of the abdominal wall was modelled before and after surgical mesh implant. Uniaxial loading of mesh samples in two perpendicular directions revealed the isotropic response of Surgipro® and the anisotropic behaviour of Optilene® and Infinit®. A phenomenological constitutive law was used to reproduce the measured experimental curves. To analyze the mechanical effect of the meshes once implanted in the abdomen, finite element simulation of the healthy and partially herniated repaired rabbit abdominal wall served to reproduce wall behaviour before and after mesh implant. In all cases, maximal displacements were lower and maximal principal stresses higher in the implanted abdomen than the intact wall model. Despite the fact that no mesh showed a behaviour that perfectly matched that of abdominal muscle, the Infinit® mesh was able to best comply with the biomechanics of the abdominal wall. Copyright © 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

[Differential diagnosis of abdominal pain].

Science.gov (United States)

Frei, Pascal

2015-09-02

Despite the frequency of functional abdominal pain, potentially dangerous causes of abdominal pain need to be excluded. Medical history and clinical examination must focus on red flags and signs for imflammatory or malignant diseases. See the patient twice in the case of severe and acute abdominal pain if lab parameters or radiological examinations are normal. Avoid repeated and useless X-ray exposure whenever possible. In the case of subacute or chronic abdominal pain, lab tests such as fecal calprotectin, helicobacter stool antigen and serological tests for celiac disease are very useful. Elderly patients may show atypical or missing clinical signs. Take care of red herrings and be skeptical whether your initial diagnosis is really correct. Abdominal pain can frequently be an abdominal wall pain.

Modelos matemáticos en un problema de epidemias

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Anna Vidal

2016-01-01

Full Text Available La introducción de conceptos matemáticos a través del desarrollo y estudio de modelos ha sido tratado en numerosos trabajos. La introducción de los modelos suele hacerse básicamente desde el discurso del professor y el trabajo del alumno suele reducirse a la experimentación con el modelo dado. La aproximación a un problema mediante modelos IBM (Individual Based Model resulta más comprensible para el alumno, permite justificar y complementar otras aproximaciones a la solución (modelos diferenciales continuos y/o modelos discretos. En este trabajo se presenta una experiencia docente basada en afrontar un mismo problema mediante enfoques complementarios en base a modelos continuos, discretos e IBM. Finalmente se presenta una propuesta metodológica para ponerla en práctica utilizando el Aprendizaje Cooperativo y el Problem/Project Based Learning.

Evaluación de un modelo de la brdf a partir de simulaciones con modelos semi-empíricos lineales (sel

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Edgardo Rafael Medrano Ruedaflores

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Los modelos semi-empíricos lineales, también conocidos como modelos lineales basados en kernels, han sido utilizados con relativo éxito en la derivación de parámetros biofísicos de la vegetación a partir de imágenes satelitales. Su construcción se basa en hipótesis difíciles de corroborar y su calibración demanda suponer condiciones de homogeneidad en el sistema suelo-vegetación-atmósfera. Un modelo de la BRDF libre de estas limitaciones es evaluado en este estudio simulando el proceso de dispersión de la radiación solar según diferentes configuraciones de cobertura terrestre. Los datos fueron generados mediante la implementación de cuatro modelos lineales basados en kernels. Se evaluó el ajuste del modelo en cada escenario simulado a través de regresión lineal simple, obteniéndose valores del coeficiente de determinación superiores a 0.98. Los resultados sugieren que es posible utilizar el modelo evaluado en aplicaciones donde actualmente se emplean modelos semi-empíricos lineales.

Significance of residual abdominal masses in children with abdominal Burkitt's lymphoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Karmazyn, B.; Horev, G.; Kornreich, L.; Ash, S.; Goshen, Y.; Yaniv, I.

2001-01-01

Purpose: To evaluate the natural history of children with abdominal Burkitt's lymphoma who had complete clinical remission and residual abdominal mass after treatment. Material and methods: The charts and imaging findings of all children with abdominal Burkitt's lymphoma treated and followed at our medical center between 1988 and 1999 were reviewed for the presence, management, clinical course, and prognosis of residual mass. Results: Only children who achieved complete clinical remission were included. The study group consisted of 33 children (20 boys and 13 girls) aged 2.6-17.6 years (mean 7.2 years). Of these, seven (20.6 %) were found to have a residual abdominal mass. Two underwent second-look operation with no evidence of viable tumor on histology. The remaining five were followed by imaging studies for 2.2-9.1 years (mean 6.1 years); none relapsed. Conclusion: Residual mass is not uncommon in children with abdominal Burkitt's lymphoma. The presence of residual mass in a child with complete clinical remission does not alter the long-term prognosis. Therefore, in children with Burkitt's lymphoma and residual mass with no other signs of disease activity, expectant watching may be appropriate. (orig.)

Abdominal wall blocks in adults

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Børglum, Jens; Gögenür, Ismail; Bendtsen, Thomas F

2016-01-01

been introduced with success. Future research should also investigate the effect of specific abdominal wall blocks on neuroendocrine and inflammatory stress response after surgery.  Summary USG abdominal wall blocks in adults are commonplace techniques today. Most abdominal wall blocks are assigned......Purpose of review Abdominal wall blocks in adults have evolved much during the last decade; that is, particularly with the introduction of ultrasound-guided (USG) blocks. This review highlights recent advances of block techniques within this field and proposes directions for future research.......  Recent findings Ultrasound guidance is now considered the golden standard for abdominal wall blocks in adults, even though some landmark-based blocks are still being investigated. The efficiency of USG transversus abdominis plane blocks in relation to many surgical procedures involving the abdominal wall...

un modelo de balances de flujo

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Nelson Molina Giraldo

2007-01-01

Full Text Available La ciénaga de Cachimbero, localizada en el municipio de Cimitarra, Santander, perteneciente a uno de los complejos de humedales inventariados por el Ministerio del Medio Ambiente y caracterizados como palustres, presenta valores ecológicos y ambientales de importancia regional. En este trabajo se realizó una aproximación conceptual y experimental a la hidrología de la ciénaga, determinando los componentes principales del balance hídrico y planteando un esquema de evaluación temporal. En este marco se implementó un esquema de observación y análisis de las variables hidrológicas, que permitió la construcción de un modelo de balances de flujo. Los controles básicos corresponden al régimen de lluvias en la cuenca tributaria, las características morfométricas del vaso, los procesos evapotranspirativos y las características del flujo en el caño de conexión con el río Magdalena cuyo nivel establece un control hidráulico aguas abajo. El principal objetivo fue formular un modelo operativo, a escala diaria, del funcionamiento hidrológico natural de la ciénaga, que permitió predecir los patrones temporales de variación de niveles y volúmenes de ésta.

Dynamic CT in the abdominal organ, 2. Dynamics in the abdominal malignancies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fukuda, K [Jikei Univ., Tokyo (Japan). School of Medicine

1980-03-01

The potential role of the abdominal dynamic CT in malignant tumors was evaluated. Among total of 112 cases dynamically studied included were, 22 cases of abdominal malignancies, renal cell carcinoma in 7, hepatocellular carcinoma in 7, metastatic liver tumor in 5, renal pelvic carcinoma in 2, and pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma in one. The results led to the following advantages of the abdominal dynamic CT over conventional CT. (1) The tumor thrombus and the lymphnode involvement could be better demonstrated. (2) The tumor vessels and the tumor stain could be depicted. (3) The extent of the tumor in the parenchyma could be better appreciated. The more invasive catheter angiography would likely to be replaced by the abdominal dynamic CT in the selected case.

MODELO DE GESTIÓN DE LA DEMANDA ENERGÉTICA INTEGRAL

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ENRIQUE HURTADO AGUIRRE

2015-01-01

Full Text Available La gestión energética significa optimizar una de las más complejas e importantes técnicas crea ciones que conocemos: el sistema de energía. Existen una buena cantidad de métodos para la optimización de la generación de energía y su distribución. Por lo que el modelo de la demanda energética integral (DSM es una estrategia para mejorar el sistema de energía en el lado del consumo. Se extiende desde la política energética, la economía experimental, la teoría de los agentes, la mejora de la eficiencia energética mediante software de soporte y aplicación, las tarifas de energía inteligente con incentivos para ciertos patrones de consumo, hasta los sofisticados sistemas de control en tiempo real de los recursos energéticos distribuidos. Este documento proporciona una visión general y una taxonomía para el desarrollo de un modelo sistemático integral de DSM, que analiza los distintos elementos de construcción, y ofrece un panorama sobre cómo emplear un modelo de análisis jerárquico de procesos y evaluación integral difusa para su implementación.

Avaliação das atividades hipoglicemiante e anti-hiperglicemiante do extrato hidroalcóolico das folhas da Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae em modelos experimentais de hiperglicemia Evaluation of hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities in hydroethanolic extract of Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae in experimental models of hyperglycemia

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Ciomar Aparecida Bersani-Amado

2005-03-01

Full Text Available As atividades hipoglicemiante e anti-hiperglicemiante do extrato hidroalcóolico obtido das folhas da Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae foram avaliadas em ratos, utilizando-se diferentes modelos experimentais de hiperglicemia: diabetes tipo 1 induzido por aloxana, intolerância à glicose e resistência aguda à insulina induzidas pela dexametasona e resistência crônica à insulina em modelo de obesidade induzida pelo monoglutamato de sódio. O extrato hidroalcóolico da Averrhoa carambola, na dose de 800 mg/Kg de peso corporal, não apresentou atividades hipoglicemiantes e anti-hiperglicemiantes nos modelos de hiperglicemia testadosThe hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities of a hydroethanolic extract prepared from the leaves of Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae was evaluated in rats, through the experimental models of hyperglycemia: type 1 alloxan-induced diabetes, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance induced by dexamethasone and the chronic insulin resistance in obesity model induced by sodium monoglutamate. The hydroethanolic Averrhoa carambola extract at a dosage of 800 mg/Kg body weight did not exhibit hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities in the hyperglycemic experimental models tested

Abdominal elephantiasis: a case report.

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Hanna, Dominique; Cloutier, Richard; Lapointe, Roch; Desgagné, Antoine

2004-01-01

Elephantiasis is a well-known condition in dermatology usually affecting the legs and external genitalia. It is characterized by chronic inflammation and obstruction of the lymphatic channels and by hypertrophy of the skin and subcutaneous tissues. The etiology is either idiopathic or caused by a variety of conditions such as chronic filarial disease, leprosy, leishmaniasis, and chronic recurrent cellulites. Elephantiasis of the abdominal wall is very rare. A complete review of the English and French literature showed only two cases reported in 1966 and 1973, respectively. We report a third case of abdominal elephantiasis and we briefly review this entity. We present the case of a 51-year-old woman who had progressively developed an enormous pediculated abdominal mass hanging down her knees. The skin was thickened, hyperpigmented, and fissured. She had a history of multiple abdominal cellulites. She underwent an abdominal lipectomy. Histopathology of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of abdominal elephantiasis. Abdominal elephantiasis is a rare disease that represents end-stage failure of lymph drainage. Lipectomy should be considered in the management of this condition.

Avaliação macro e microscópica dos testículos em modelo experimental de criptorquidia pela secção do Gubernaculum testis em ratos

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José Roberto Rodrigues de Lima

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar o efeito da secção distal do Gubernaculum testis como modelo experimental de criptorquidia unilateral em ratos. MÉTODO: Foram usados 36 ratos machos de linhagem Wistar-EPM, distribuídos em dois grupos: A (Grupo Experimento: animais submetidos à secção distal do gubernaculum direito e B (Grupo Controle: operação simulada do lado direito. Cada grupo foi subdividido em 3 subgrupos com 6 animais cada : A-1, A-2 e A-3: B-1, B-2 e B-3. Os animais dos subgrupos A-1 e B-1 foram re-operados após 30 dias. Os animais dos subgrupos A-2 e B-2 foram mortos após 50 dias e os dos subgrupos A-3 e B-3 após 90 dias. RESULTADOS: Houve diferenças quanto ao peso, tamanho e posição do testículo afetado em relação ao lado controle,as quais só foram evidenciadas a partir do subgrupo A-2 (50 dias.O testículo não foi palpável na bolsa testicular em 88,9% dos casos e não houve óbito dos animais. Foram observadas alterações da maturidade celular, atrofia tubular, diminuição do diâmetro dos túbulos e ausência de espermatozóides na luz tubular no grupo A e presença de normalidade histológica para a idade nos animais do grupo B. CONCLUSÃO: O modelo experimental de produção de criptorquidia experimental unilateral pela secção do Gubernaculum testis em ratos foi eficaz e prático.

Abdominal migraine in childhood: a review

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Scicchitano B

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Beatrice Scicchitano,1 Gareth Humphreys,1 Sally G Mitton,2 Thiagarajan Jaiganesh1 1Children's Emergency Department, 2Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, St Georges Hospital, St Georges Healthcare NHS Trust, Tooting, London, United Kingdom Abstract: The childhood condition of abdominal migraine has been described under many different synonyms, including "abdominal epilepsy", "recurrent abdominal pain", "cyclical vomiting syndrome", and "functional gastrointestinal disorder". In the early literature, abdominal migraine is included in the "childhood periodic syndrome", first described by Wyllie and Schlesinger in 1933. Abdominal migraine has emerged over the last century as a diagnostic entity in its own right thanks to the development of well defined diagnostic criteria and its recent inclusion in the International Headache Society's Classification of Headache disorders. Despite this progress, little is known about the pathophysiology of the condition, and the treatment options are poorly defined. Here we summarize the recent literature, with particular focus on establishing the diagnosis of abdominal migraine and its pathophysiology, and suggest an approach to management. Keywords: abdominal migraine, recurrent abdominal pain, abdominal epilepsy, cyclical vomiting

Intra-abdominal tuberculous peritonitis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schneider, G.; Ahlhelm, F.; Altmeyer, K.; Kramann, B.; Hennes, P.; Pueschel, W.; Karadiakos, N.

2001-01-01

We report the case of a 15-year-old boy suffering from progressive dyspnea on exertion and painful abdominal protrusion. Final diagnosis of intra-abdominal tuberculosis (TB), including lymphadenopathy and abdominal abscess formation, was made following elective laparotomy. This type of disease is a rare manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The imaging findings in unenhanced and contrast-enhanced MRI and laparoscopic images are presented. Differential diagnosis of abdominal abscess formation and other fungal or bacteriological infections, as well as the imaging findings of this type of lesion, are discussed. This case demonstrates that atypical manifestation of TB may remain unrecognized; thus, awareness of this kind of manifestation of tuberculosis may prevent patients from being subjected to inappropriate therapies. (orig.)

Intra-abdominal tuberculous peritonitis

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Schneider, G.; Ahlhelm, F.; Altmeyer, K.; Kramann, B. [Dept. of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital, Homburg (Germany); Hennes, P. [Dept. of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Homburg (Germany); Pueschel, W. [Dept. of Pathology, University Hospital, Homburg (Germany); Karadiakos, N. [Dept. of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital, Homburg (Germany)

2001-07-01

We report the case of a 15-year-old boy suffering from progressive dyspnea on exertion and painful abdominal protrusion. Final diagnosis of intra-abdominal tuberculosis (TB), including lymphadenopathy and abdominal abscess formation, was made following elective laparotomy. This type of disease is a rare manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The imaging findings in unenhanced and contrast-enhanced MRI and laparoscopic images are presented. Differential diagnosis of abdominal abscess formation and other fungal or bacteriological infections, as well as the imaging findings of this type of lesion, are discussed. This case demonstrates that atypical manifestation of TB may remain unrecognized; thus, awareness of this kind of manifestation of tuberculosis may prevent patients from being subjected to inappropriate therapies. (orig.)

Genotipificación y evaluación de la dinámica de infección de un aislamiento colombiano de Leptospira santarosai en el modelo experimental en hámster

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Piedad Agudelo-Flórez

2014-09-01

Conclusión. Se identificó la presencia de la especie L. santarosai con capacidad patógena comparable con la cepa Fiocruz L1-130 de L. interrogans, de reconocida virulencia y tropismo pulmonar, en cuanto a los aspectos histopatológicos de tropismo a pulmón y riñón. Nunca antes se había evaluado en un modelo experimental un aislamiento de origen local bajo estos criterios biológicos.

Evaluation of abdominal CT in the initial treatment of abdominal trauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Watanabe, Shinsuke; Ishii, Takashi; Kuwata, Katsuya; Yoneyama, Chihiro; Kitamura, Kazuya; Sasaki, Yoshifumi; Kamachi, Masahiro; Nishiguchi, Hiroyasu.

1986-01-01

During the last four years 102 patients with abdominal trauma were examined by CT for preoperative evaluation in our hospital. In 35 patients (34 %), the CT scans revealed no abnormal findings. They were all managed conservatively except for one case of perforated small bowel. In 67 patients (66 %) CT revealed evidences of substantial abdominal or retroperitoneal trauma. In 30 of them CT findings were confirmed by surgery. Hepatic injury is usually easily recognized by CT. CT is also useful for the detection of renal or splenic injuries. The majority of those parenchymatous organ injuries were successfully managed with conservative therapy, despite apparent traumatic lesions revealed by CT. Repeat CT scans is proved to be very useful to follow the changes of these traumatic lesions. In conclusion, application of abdominal CT is extremely useful for the initial decision making in treatment of patients with abdominal trauma and for the follow-up observation of injured lesions. (author)

Estimation of Abdominal Fat by Plasma Triglycerides and Carcass Dry Matter in Broiler Chicks

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Javad Pour-Reza

1997-04-01

Full Text Available This experiment was carried out to determine the relationship of plasma triglycerides and carcass dry matter with abdominal fat. One of the problems of broiler is carcass fatness, especially abdominal fat due to rapid growth of broilers which is not the consumer preference. Six hundred one-day-old commercial broiler chicks (Lohman were divided into 40 groups, 15 chicks per group. Each one of the 10 experimental diets, in which barley was substituted for corn at levels of 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40%, was fed to 4 groups of chicks for 56 days. All diets were isoenergetic and isonitrogenous. Rice hulls was used to make diets isoenergetic. At days 42, 49 and 56, one male and one female were selected from each pen and after blood sampling, the birds were killed, eviscerated and percentages of carcass and amount of abdominal fats were measured. Blood samples were used to determine plasma triglycerides, cholesterol and total lipids. The results showed that increasing abdominal fat reduced carcass moisture content. Correlation between abdominal fat and plasma triglycerides was positive and significant (p<0.05. Correlation between abdominal fat and carcass moisture was negative and significant (P<0.01. The regression equations indicated that abdominal fat can be estimated from plasma triglycerides and carcass moisture content. The equations also indicated that using several parameters for estimating abdominal fat is better than single parameter estimation.

Abdominal epilepsy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hasan, N.; Razzaq, A.

2004-01-01

Abdominal epilepsy (AE) is a rather uncommon clinical entity in children that might create diagnostic confusion especially when it lacks the typical manifestations of an epileptic seizure. We report the case of a young boy having apparently unexplained episodes of paroxysmal abdominal symptoms with no other suggestion of an underlying epileptic disorder. The case also explains how the clinical presentation can be misleading unless a high index of suspicion is maintained to reach the ultimate diagnosis. (author)

Comportamiento de la infección experimental por aislamientos colombianos de Giardia duodenalis en el modelo animal del gerbo (Meriones unguiculatus.

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Adriana Arévalo

2005-09-01

Full Text Available Introducción. Se han informado infecciones naturales y experimentales con Giardia sp. en bovinos, equinos, caprinos, caninos, felinos y roedores como ratones, ratas y gerbos; estos últimos son el modelo más adecuado para estudios de la infección por Giardia duodenalis y Giardia muris. Objetivo. Establecer el comportamiento de la infección con aislamientos colombianos de Giardia duodenalis en el modelo animal del gerbo. Materiales y métodos. Se purificaron mediante gradientes de sacarosa y percoll quistes del parásito obtenidos a partir de heces de pacientes sintomáticos infectados. La inoculación a los animales se realizó mediante sonda gástrica con 5x103 quistes. El curso de la infección se estableció mediante recuento diario de quistes y semanal de trofozoítos durante treinta días. Resultados. La eliminación de quistes presentó un patrón intermitente de excreción, con ausencia en la primera y cuarta semanas de infección, y presencia constante durante la segunda y tercera semanas, en número variable con promedio mínimo de 79 y máximo de 17.943 quistes liberados en heces recolectadas en un período de dos horas. Se observó colonización de los trofozoítos en el intestino delgado, en número que osciló entre 15.000 y 6'577.778 trofozoítos por ml. Conclusiones. En gerbos infectados con aislamientos de Giardia duodenalis circulantes en otras regiones geográficas, la resolución natural de la infección oscila entre 86 y 114 días mientras que los gerbos infectados con aislamientos colombianos del parásito la resuelven al día 30. El gerbo constituye un modelo animal adecuado para la infección con aislamientos colombianos de G. duodenalis. La infección experimental por Giardia en gerbo permite obtener quistes y trofozoítos del parásito en cantidades suficientes con la finalidad de ser utilizados como antígenos para la inmunización de animales y para la obtención de anticuerpos que puedan utilizarse para la detecci

Abdominal Sepsis.

Science.gov (United States)

De Waele, Jan J

2016-08-01

Abdominal infections are an important challenge for the intensive care physician. In an era of increasing antimicrobial resistance, selecting the appropriate regimen is important and, with new drugs coming to the market, correct use is important more than ever before and abdominal infections are an excellent target for antimicrobial stewardship programs. Biomarkers may be helpful, but their exact role in managing abdominal infections remains incompletely understood. Source control also remains an ongoing conundrum, and evidence is increasing that its importance supersedes the impact of antibiotic therapy. New strategies such as open abdomen management may offer added benefit in severely ill patients, but more data are needed to identify its exact role. The role of fungi and the need for antifungal coverage, on the other hand, have been investigated extensively in recent years, but at this point, it remains unclear who requires empirical as well as directed therapy.

Un procedimiento para selección de los modelos Logit Mixtos

OpenAIRE

Ruíz Gallegos, José de Jesús

2004-01-01

En el presente trabajo se hace una revisión de dos modelos que han tenido una fuerte aplicabilidad en los problemas de elecciones discretas: El modelo Logit y el modelo Logit Mixto. Además, se propone el uso del estadístico de Cox para seleccionar modelos, en el modelo Logit Mixto.

Abdominal wall hernias: computed tomography findings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

D'Ippolito, Giuseppe; Rosas, George de Queiroz; Mota, Marcos Alexandre; Akisue, Sandra R. Tsukada; Galvao Filho, Mario de Melo.

2005-01-01

Abdominal hernias are a common clinical problem Clinical diagnosis of abdominal hernias can sometimes be challenging, particularly in obese patients or patients with previous abdominal surgery. CT scan of the abdomen allows visualization of hernias and their contents and the differentiation from other masses of the abdominal wall such as tumors, hematomas and abscesses. Moreover, CT may identify complications such as incarceration, bowel obstruction, volvulus and strangulation. This study illustrates the CT scan findings observed in different types of abdominal wall hernias. (author)

Da Vinci-assisted abdominal cerclage.

Science.gov (United States)

Barmat, Larry; Glaser, Gretchen; Davis, George; Craparo, Frank

2007-11-01

To report the first placement of an abdominal cervicoisthmic cerclage using the da Vinci robot. Case report. Tertiary-care hospital. A 39-year-old female with a history of cervical insufficiency who required a cerclage and was not a candidate for transvaginal cerclage placement. Abdominal cervicoisthmic cerclage placement using the da Vinci robot. Ability to safely and successfully place an abdominal cerclage using the da Vinci robot. Abdominal cerclage was successfully placed using the da Vinci robot. The patient had minimal blood loss and was discharged to home on the same day as surgery. Da Vinci robot-assisted abdominal cerclage placement is an innovative application of robotic surgery and may alter the standard of care for women who require this surgery.

Modelo hipermedia creador (HC

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Manuel Armenteros Gallardo

2012-04-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo expone las bases creativas del modelo Hipermedia Creador (HC, un modelo basado en la filosofía de los llamados tutores inteligentes. Tiene como objetivo la creación de una herramienta hipermedia que permita y facilite la producción creativa de proyectos hipermedias educativos con parámetros comunes a los usados en la fórmula del videojuego (entretenimiento. Se describe su estructura, y se analiza y explica la disposición creativa de sus elementos, entre los cuales sobresale las posibilidades pedagógicas del movimiento expresivo de la imagen.

Aspectos histopatológicos do útero de ratas utilizadas como modelo experimental de endometrite

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Liriane Baratella-Evêncio

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Os progestágenos constituem-se em importantes reguladores da atividade funcional e estrutural do sistema reprodutor feminino. Em medicina veterinária a prescrição de drogas que atuam neste sistema, como o acetato de medroxiprogesterona, tem diversas finalidades, como servir de instrumento no manejo reprodutivo ou no controle farmacológico do ciclo estral, tratamento de patologias ou limitação e controle da fertilidade. Considerando-se sua importância e sua freqüente utilização, realizamos o presente trabalho que teve por objetivo, estudar a morfologia e morfometria do útero de ratas utilizadas como modelo experimental de endometrite. Para a realização deste estudo foram utilizadas 36 ratas albinas da linhagem wistar, induzidas hormonalmente à endometrite através do tratamento com diferentes doses de acetato de medroxiprogesterona e divididas em 04 grupos: Grupo I (ratas não tratadas com acetato de medroxiprogesterona e avaliadas aos 10, 20 e 30 dias do experimento; Grupos II, III e IV (ratas tratadas com 0,75 mg, 1,5 mg e 4,5 mg de acetato de medroxiprogesterona respectivamente e, avaliadas aos 10, 20 e 30 dias do experimento. De acordo com nossos resultados podemos concluir que o endométrio dos grupos tratados apresentaram-se pouco desenvolvidos. Quanto ao número de glândulas endometriais observou-se uma maior quantidade no Grupo I (controle do que nos grupos II, III e IV (tratados. Estes resultados evidenciam que houve hipotrofia endometrial, metaplasia celular para o tipo cúbico e a formação de projeções papilares no útero de ratas.

Functional abdominal pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Grover, Madhusudan; Drossman, Douglas A

2010-10-01

Functional abdominal pain syndrome (FAPS) is a relatively less common functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder defined by the presence of constant or frequently recurring abdominal pain that is not associated with eating, change in bowel habits, or menstrual periods (Drossman Gastroenterology 130:1377-1390, 2006), which points to a more centrally targeted (spinal and supraspinal) basis for the symptoms. However, FAPS is frequently confused with irritable bowel syndrome and other functional GI disorders in which abdominal pain is associated with eating and bowel movements. FAPS also differs from chronic abdominal pain associated with entities such as chronic pancreatitis or chronic inflammatory bowel disease, in which the pain is associated with peripherally acting factors (eg, gut inflammation or injury). Given the central contribution to the pain experience, concomitant psychosocial disturbances are common and strongly influence the clinical expression of FAPS, which also by definition is associated with loss of daily functioning. These factors make it critical to use a biopsychosocial construct to understand and manage FAPS, because gut-directed treatments are usually not successful in managing this condition.

Experimental model of ultrasound thermotherapy in rats inoculated with Walker-236 tumor Modelo experimental de termoterapia ultrassônica em ratos inoculados com tumor de Walker-236

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José Antonio Carlos Otaviano David Morano

2011-01-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To develop a model to evaluate the effects of focal pulsed ultrasound (US waves as a source of heat for treatment of murine subcutaneous implanted Walker tumor. METHODS: An experimental, controlled, comparative study was conducted. Twenty male Wistar rats (160-300 g randomized in 2 equal groups (G-1: Control and G-2: Hyperthermia were inoculated with Walker-256 carcinosarcoma tumor. After 5 days G-2 rats were submitted to 45ºC hyperthermia. Heat was delivered directly to the tumor by an ultrasound (US equipment (3 MHz frequency, 1,5W/cm³. Tumor temperature reached 45º C in 3 minutes and was maintained at this level for 5 minutes. Tumor volume was measured on days 5, 8, 11, 14 e 17 post inoculation in both groups. Unpaired t-test was used for comparison. POBJETIVO: Desenvolver um modelo para avaliar os efeitos do ultra-som focal pulsado como fonte de calor para o tratamento de tumores de Walker subcutâneos implantados em ratos. MÉTODOS: Um estudo experimental, controlado, comparativo foi realizado. Vinte ratos Wistar machos (160-300 g divididos em dois grupos (G-1: Controle e G-2: hipertermia foram inoculados com tumor de Walker carcinossarcoma-256. Após cinco dias os ratos do grupo G-2 ratos foram submetidos a hipertermia (45ºC. O calor foi aplicado diretamente no tumor por um equipamento de ultrassonografia (3 MHz, 1,5 W/cm³. A temperatura no tumor atingiu 45ºC em 3 minutos e foi mantida nesse nível por 5 minutos. O volume do tumor foi medido nos dias 5, 8, 11, 14 e 17 após a inoculação, em ambos os grupos. Teste t não pareado foi utilizado para comparação. P <0,05 foi considerado significante. RESULTADOS: O volume do tumor foi significativamente maior no 5º dia e diminuiu nos dias 11, 14 e 17 nos ratos tratados. Animais submetidos à hipertermia sobreviveram mais tempo que os animais do grupo controle. No 29º dia após a inoculação do tumor, 40% dos ratos do grupo controle e 77,78% dos ratos tratados com

Contraste experimental de un modelo probalístico para el dimensionamiento de elementos de vidrio plano con consideraciones de modo mixto de carga

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García Prieto, M. A.

1999-04-01

Full Text Available A characteristic of the glass is its fragility and the scatter of the experimental mechanical strength due to the presence of defects that appear in the process of manufacturing or handling. Accordingly, investigations on this material were priorly conducted to improve the processes of manufacturing and to establish design methodologies based on probabilistic approaches. The influence of mode II of loading was traditionally ignored or considered as ratio of mode II. Recent studies have shown that when a shear-loaded crack becomes unstable a new compressive stress concentration field builds up in the notch formed between the original crack and the branch crack. This stress field affects the energy balance and also the beginning of crack extension. A procedure to design glass elements was developed jointly with CIDA of Cristalería Española, S.A. The aim of this work is to improve the model by the consideration of a mixed mode loading and its experimental contrast.

Una de las características del vidrio es su fragilidad y la gran dispersión de sus valores de resistencia mecánica, motivado fundamentalmente por la presencia de defectos procedentes de su fabricación o de su manipulación. Como consecuencia, las investigaciones en este material se han dirigido preferentemente a la mejora de los procesos de fabricación y al establecimiento de metodologías de diseño basadas en modelos probabilísticos. Tradicionalmente, en el análisis de la rotura se ha despreciado la influencia del modo II o se ha representado como un porcentaje del modo I. Recientes estudios demuestran la aparición de un nuevo campo de tensiones de compresión cuando una fisura crece bajo una carga en modo II puro situado en el codo que se forma entre la fisura original y su ramificación. Este campo de compresión influye en el equilibrio energético y, en consecuencia, en la predicción de la rotura. En colaboración con el CIDA de Cristalería Española, S.A. se ha

Childhood abdominal cystic lymphangioma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Konen, Osnat; Rathaus, Valeria; Shapiro, Myra; Dlugy, Elena; Freud, Enrique; Kessler, Ada; Horev, Gadi

2002-01-01

Background: Abdominal lymphangioma is a rare benign congenital malformation of the mesenteric and/or retroperitoneal lymphatics. Clinical presentation is variable and may be misleading; therefore, complex imaging studies are necessary in the evaluation of this condition. US and CT have a major role in the correct preoperative diagnosis and provide important information regarding location, size, adjacent organ involvement, and expected complications. Objective: To evaluate the clinical and imaging findings of seven children with proven abdominal cystic lymphangioma. Materials and methods: Clinical and imaging files of seven children with pathologically proven abdominal lymphangioma, from three university hospitals, were retrospectively evaluated. Patient's ages ranged from 1 day to 6 years (mean, 2.2 years). Symptoms and signs included evidence of inflammation, abnormal prenatal US findings, chronic abdominal pain, haemorrhage following trauma, clinical signs of intestinal obstruction, and abdominal distension with lower extremities lymphoedema. Plain films of five patients, US of six patients and CT of five patients were reviewed. Sequential imaging examinations were available in two cases. Results: Abdominal plain films showed displacement of bowel loops by a soft tissue mass in five of six patients, two of them with dilatation of small bowel loops. US revealed an abdominal multiloculated septated cystic mass in five of six cases and a single pelvic cyst in one which changed in appearance over 2 months. Ascites was present in three cases. CT demonstrated a septated cystic mass of variable sizes in all available five cases. Sequential US and CT examinations in two patients showed progressive enlargement of the masses, increase of fluid echogenicity, and thickening of walls or septa in both cases, with multiplication of septa in one case. At surgery, mesenteric lymphangioma was found in five patients and retroperitoneal lymphangioma in the other two. Conclusions: US

Childhood abdominal cystic lymphangioma

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Konen, Osnat; Rathaus, Valeria; Shapiro, Myra [Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Meir General Hospital, Sapir Medical Centre, Kfar Saba (Israel); Dlugy, Elena [Department of Paediatric Surgery, Schneider Medical Centre, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University (Israel); Freud, Enrique [Department of Paediatric Surgery, Sapir Medical Centre, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University (Israel); Kessler, Ada [Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel-Aviv (Israel); Horev, Gadi [Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Schneider Medical Centre, Tel-Aviv (Israel)

2002-02-01

Background: Abdominal lymphangioma is a rare benign congenital malformation of the mesenteric and/or retroperitoneal lymphatics. Clinical presentation is variable and may be misleading; therefore, complex imaging studies are necessary in the evaluation of this condition. US and CT have a major role in the correct preoperative diagnosis and provide important information regarding location, size, adjacent organ involvement, and expected complications. Objective: To evaluate the clinical and imaging findings of seven children with proven abdominal cystic lymphangioma. Materials and methods: Clinical and imaging files of seven children with pathologically proven abdominal lymphangioma, from three university hospitals, were retrospectively evaluated. Patient's ages ranged from 1 day to 6 years (mean, 2.2 years). Symptoms and signs included evidence of inflammation, abnormal prenatal US findings, chronic abdominal pain, haemorrhage following trauma, clinical signs of intestinal obstruction, and abdominal distension with lower extremities lymphoedema. Plain films of five patients, US of six patients and CT of five patients were reviewed. Sequential imaging examinations were available in two cases. Results: Abdominal plain films showed displacement of bowel loops by a soft tissue mass in five of six patients, two of them with dilatation of small bowel loops. US revealed an abdominal multiloculated septated cystic mass in five of six cases and a single pelvic cyst in one which changed in appearance over 2 months. Ascites was present in three cases. CT demonstrated a septated cystic mass of variable sizes in all available five cases. Sequential US and CT examinations in two patients showed progressive enlargement of the masses, increase of fluid echogenicity, and thickening of walls or septa in both cases, with multiplication of septa in one case. At surgery, mesenteric lymphangioma was found in five patients and retroperitoneal lymphangioma in the other two

Las Maquiladoras Fronterizas, (Modelo Agotado?)

OpenAIRE

Carrillo, Jorge

2008-01-01

Los esfuerzos por parte de paises en desarrollo para actualizar su capacidad industrial ha llevado a Ia reorganizacion de sus sectores manufactureros. En Mexico Ia viabilidad de este modelo ha sido cuestionada debido al declive de Ia industria maquiladora a lo largo de Ia frontera. Dos razones que explican el declive son frecuentemente discutidas: primero, el aumento de Ia competitividad de paises como China, y segundo, los limites estructurales del modelo de industrializacion basado en expor...

Traumatic brain injury: clinical and pathological parameters in an experimental weightdrop model Lesão cerebral traumática: parâmetros clínicos e patológicos em um modelo experimental de queda de peso

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Danilo dos Santos Silva

2011-04-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To investigate the function of an experimental cranium trauma model in rats. METHODS: The equipment, already described in the literature and under discreet adaptations, is composed by a platform that produces closed head impact controlled by weight drop with pre-defined and known energy. 25 Wistar male rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus were divided into five equal groups that received different quantities of cranial impact energy: G1, G2, G3 and G4 with 0,234J, 0,5J, 0,762J and 1J respectively and G5 (Sham. Under intense analgesia, each group was evaluated clinically in a sequence of intervals and had their encephalon removed for pathologic analysis. RESULTS: Important clinical alterations (convulsions, bradycardia, bradypnea and abnormal postures and focal pathologic (hematomas and hemorrhages kept proportion with the intensity of the impact. No fracture was observed and the group 4 had 80% mortality rate. CONCLUSION: The experimental cranium trauma animal model by weight drop is an alternative of low cost and easy reproduction that allows evaluating clinical and pathological alterations in accordance with studies in experimental surgery aims for new traumatic brain injury approach in rats.OBJETIVO: Investigar o uso de um modelo de trauma craniano experimental em ratos. MÉTODOS: O equipamento, já descrito na literatura e sob discretas adaptações, contitui-se de uma plataforma para produção de lesão craniana fechada controlada por queda de peso com energia pré-definida e conhecida. 25 ratos Wistar machos (Rattus norvegicus albinus foram divididos em cinco grupos iguais que receberam níveis diferentes de energia de impacto craniano: G1, G2, G3 e G4 com 0,234J, 0,5J, 0, 762J e 1J respectivamente e G5 (Sham. Sob intensa analgesia, cada grupo foi avaliado clinicamente em uma seqüência de intervalos e tiveram seus encéfalos removidos para análise patológica. RESULTADOS: Alterações clínicas importantes (convulsões, bradicardia

Inter-observer agreement for abdominal CT in unselected patients with acute abdominal pain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Randen, Adrienne van; Lameris, Wytze; Nio, C.Y.; Spijkerboer, Anje M.; Meier, Mark A.; Tutein Nolthenius, Charlotte; Smithuis, Frank; Stoker, Jaap; Bossuyt, Patrick M.; Boermeester, Marja A.

2009-01-01

The level of inter-observer agreement of abdominal computed tomography (CT) in unselected patients presenting with acute abdominal pain at the Emergency Department (ED) was evaluated. Two hundred consecutive patients with acute abdominal pain were prospectively included. Multi-slice CT was performed in all patients with intravenous contrast medium only. Three radiologists independently read all CT examinations. They recorded specific radiological features and a final diagnosis on a case record form. We calculated the proportion of agreement and kappa values, for overall, urgent and frequently occurring diagnoses. The mean age of the evaluated patients was 46 years (range 19-94), of which 54% were women. Overall agreement on diagnoses was good, with a median kappa of 0.66. Kappa values for specific urgent diagnoses were excellent, with median kappa values of 0.84, 0.90 and 0.81, for appendicitis, diverticulitis and bowel obstruction, respectively. Abdominal CT has good inter-observer agreement in unselected patients with acute abdominal pain at the ED, with excellent agreement for specific urgent diagnoses as diverticulitis and appendicitis. (orig.)

Inter-observer agreement for abdominal CT in unselected patients with acute abdominal pain

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Randen, Adrienne van [University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands); University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands); Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands); Lameris, Wytze [University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands); University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands); Nio, C.Y.; Spijkerboer, Anje M.; Meier, Mark A.; Tutein Nolthenius, Charlotte; Smithuis, Frank; Stoker, Jaap [University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands); Bossuyt, Patrick M. [University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands); Boermeester, Marja A. [University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands)

2009-06-15

The level of inter-observer agreement of abdominal computed tomography (CT) in unselected patients presenting with acute abdominal pain at the Emergency Department (ED) was evaluated. Two hundred consecutive patients with acute abdominal pain were prospectively included. Multi-slice CT was performed in all patients with intravenous contrast medium only. Three radiologists independently read all CT examinations. They recorded specific radiological features and a final diagnosis on a case record form. We calculated the proportion of agreement and kappa values, for overall, urgent and frequently occurring diagnoses. The mean age of the evaluated patients was 46 years (range 19-94), of which 54% were women. Overall agreement on diagnoses was good, with a median kappa of 0.66. Kappa values for specific urgent diagnoses were excellent, with median kappa values of 0.84, 0.90 and 0.81, for appendicitis, diverticulitis and bowel obstruction, respectively. Abdominal CT has good inter-observer agreement in unselected patients with acute abdominal pain at the ED, with excellent agreement for specific urgent diagnoses as diverticulitis and appendicitis. (orig.)

Abdominal emergencies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Raissaki, M.

2012-01-01

Full text: There are numerous conditions that affect mainly or exclusively the pediatric population. These constitute true emergencies, related to patient's health. Delay in diagnosis and treatment of abdominal non-traumatic emergencies may result in rapid deterioration, peritonitis, sepsis, even death or in severe complications with subsequent morbidity. Abdominal emergencies in children mostly present with pain, tenderness, occasionally coupled by vomiting, fever, abdominal distension, and failure to pass meconium or stools. Diarrhea, blood per rectum, abnormal laboratory tests and lethargy may also be manifestations of acute abdominal conditions. Abdominal emergencies have a different aetiology, depending on age and whether the pain is acute or chronic. Symptoms have to be matched with age and gender. Newborns up to 1 months of age may have congenital diseases: atresia, low obstruction including Hirschsprung's disease, meconium ileus. Meconium plug is one of the commonest cause of low obstruction in newborns that may also develop necrotizing enterocolitis, incarcerated inguinal hernia and mid-gut volvulus. Past the immediate postnatal period, any duodenal obstruction should be considered midgut volvulus until proven otherwise and patients should undergo ultrasonography and/or properly performed upper GI contrast study that records the exact position of the deduno-jejunal junction. Infants 6 months-2 years carry the risk of intussusception, mid-gut volvulus, perforation, acute pyelonephritis. Preschool and school-aged children 2-12 years carry the risk of appendicitis, genito-urinary abnormalities including torsion, urachal abnormalities, haemolytic uremic syndrome and Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Children above 12 years suffer from the same conditions as in adults. Most conditions may affect any age despite age predilection. Abdominal solid organ ultrasonography (US) coupled with gastrointestinal ultrasonography is the principle imaging modality in radiosensitive

Avaliação experimental de um modelo numérico para o processo de redistribuição da água no solo

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P. C. Poliseli

1999-06-01

Full Text Available Para testar o desempenho de um modelo numérico em predizer a variação em umidade (θ e tensão da água (|ψm| no tempo e no espaço, foram escolhidos dados da literatura de dois materiais porosos com diferentes propriedades hidráulicas: uma areia marinha (Tottori, Japão e um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo de textura média (Piracicaba, SP. Os resultados encontrados levaram às seguintes conclusões: (a em ambos os materiais porosos estudados, o desempenho do modelo foi altamente significativo, onde os perfis de umidade transladaram-se satisfatoriamente no tempo; (b o modelo também foi capaz de prever muito bem o comportamento da densidade de fluxo em função do tempo; (c os maiores desvios do modelo em relação aos dados de campo foram encontrados nos tempos iniciais do processo de redistribuição da água, muito embora esses desvios tenham ocorrido em apenas 0,2% do tempo total estudado no experimento em areia marinha e 2,0% para o Latossolo; (d o desempenho do modelo foi ligeiramente superior para a areia marinha em relação ao Latossolo, devido, provavelmente, à maior homogeneidade nas propriedades hidráulicas da areia. Este trabalho foi realizado, no segundo semestre de 1996, na Universidade Federal do Paraná.

El dinero en los modelos macroeconómicos

OpenAIRE

Wilfredo Toledo

2006-01-01

Un reto de la economía monetaria es el desarrollo de una teoría endógena del dinero; un modelo en el que el dinero surja de manera natural y no como una imposición externa. Este trabajo discute los principales enfoques de la economía monetaria, y argumenta que los modelos de generaciones traslapadas y los modelos de búsqueda son las mejores alternativas

Effectiveness of Ginger Essential Oil on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Abdominal Surgery Patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Yu Ri; Shin, Hye Sook

2017-03-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of aromatherapy with ginger essential oil on nausea and vomiting in abdominal surgery patients. This was a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group and repeated measures. The experimental group (n = 30) received ginger essential oil inhalation. The placebo control group (n = 30) received normal saline inhalation. The level of postoperative nausea and vomiting was measured using a Korean version of the Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching (INVR) at baseline and at 6, 12, and 24 h after aromatherapy administration. The data were collected from July 23 to August 22, 2012. Nausea and vomiting scores were significantly lower in the experimental group with ginger essential oil inhalation than those in the placebo control group with normal saline. In the experimental group, the nausea and vomiting scores decreased considerably in the first 6 h after inhaled aromatherapy with ginger essential oil. Findings indicate that ginger essential oil inhalation has implications for alleviating postoperative nausea and vomiting in abdominal surgery patients.

Transplante experimental cardíaco heterotópico e cutâneo em camundongos Experimental heterotopic cardiac and cutaneous transplantation in mice

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Patrícia Sestrheim

2005-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estudo experimental com o objetivo de desenvolver e avaliar a viabilidade das técnicas de transplante experimental cardíaco heterotópico abdominal vascularizado e cutâneo em camundongos, criando um instrumento para investigação da eficácia de soluções de preservação, novas drogas imunossupressoras, agentes biológicos, terapia gênica e indução de tolerância imunológica. MÉTODO: Para este estudo, as técnicas utilizadas foram descritas previamente por Corry et al. e Billingham et al. RESULTADOS: O tempo cirúrgico total para a realização dos transplantes cardíacos (n=20 foi, em média, 60,3±6,3 minutos e para os transplantes cutâneos (n=20, 17,75±0,71 minutos. A média de sobrevida dos aloenxertos cutâneos (n=34 e cardíacos (n=24 foi, respectivamente, 7 e 11 dias, enquanto que os isoenxertos sobreviveram por mais de 100 dias. CONCLUSÕES: Ambas as técnicas se caracterizaram pela fácil reprodutibilidade dos modelos experimentais. As diferenças entre as técnicas não se limitaram às peculiaridades metodológicas ou ao tempo de sobrevida e vascularização, mas principalmente à sua imunogenicidade e suscetibilidade à rejeição.OBJECTIVE: This is an experimental study which aims at developing and evaluating the feasibility of experimental techniques of vascularized and cutaneous abdominal heterotopic heart transplant in mice, creating an instrument of investigation for the effectiveness of prservation solutions, new immunosuppressive drugs, biological agents, genetic therapy and induction of immunological tolerance. METHOD: The techniques used in this work were previously described by Corry et al. and Billingham et al. RESULTS: The total surgical time to perform the cardiac transplants (n=20 was on average 60.3+6.3 minutes and the time of cutaneous transplants (n= 20 17.75+0.71 minutes. The average survival of the cutaneous allografts (n=34 and cardiac (n=24 allografts was 7 and 11 days, respectively, while

Laparoscopic management of abdominal cocoon

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Makam Ramesh

2008-01-01

Full Text Available "Peritonitis fibrosa incapsulata", first described in 1907, is a condition characterized by encasement of the bowel with a thick fibrous membrane. This condition was renamed as "abdominal cocoon" in 1978. It presents as small bowel obstruction clinically. 35 cases of abdominal cocoon have been reported in the literature over the last three decades. Abdominal cocoon is more common in adolescent girls from tropical countries. Various etiologies have been described, including tubercular. It is treated surgically by releasing the entrapped bowel. We report a laparoscopic experience of tubercular abdominal cocoon and review the literature.

Sagittal abdominal diameter shows better correlation with cardiovascular risk factors than waist circumference and BMI

OpenAIRE

de Souza, Natalia Cavalheri; de Oliveira, Erick Prado

2013-01-01

Background Obesity (abdominal adiposity) is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and the most used methods to measure the adiposity are body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD). Objective To correlate BMI, WC, and SAD with biochemical parameters and blood pressure in adults. Methods A non-experimental exploratory/descriptive and cross sectional study was developed and it was assessed 133 subjects (59 men and 74 women) aging between 18 and 87?...

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)

Science.gov (United States)

... Professions Site Index A-Z Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) occurs when atherosclerosis or plaque buildup causes the ... weak and bulge outward like a balloon. An AAA develops slowly over time and has few noticeable ...

Abdominal emergencies in pediatrics.

Science.gov (United States)

Coca Robinot, D; Liébana de Rojas, C; Aguirre Pascual, E

2016-05-01

Abdominal symptoms are among the most common reasons for pediatric emergency department visits, and abdominal pain is the most frequently reported symptom. Thorough history taking and physical examination can often reach the correct diagnosis. Knowing the abdominal conditions that are most common in each age group can help radiologists narrow the differential diagnosis. When imaging tests are indicated, ultrasonography is usually the first-line technique, enabling the diagnosis or adding relevant information with the well-known advantages of this technique. Nowadays, plain-film X-ray studies are reserved for cases in which perforation, bowel obstruction, or foreign body ingestion is suspected. It is also important to remember that abdominal pain can also occur secondary to basal pneumonia. CT is reserved for specific indications and in individual cases, for example, in patients with high clinical suspicion of abdominal disease and inconclusive findings at ultrasonography. We review some of the most common conditions in pediatric emergencies, the different imaging tests indicated in each case, and the imaging signs in each condition. Copyright © 2016 SERAM. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Influence of laparoscopy and laparotomy on gasometry, leukocytes and cytokines in a rat abdominal sepsis model Influência da laparoscopia e laparotomia na gasometria, leucócitos e citocinas em modelo de sepse abdominal em ratos

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Irami Araújo Filho

2006-04-01

intraperitoneal e subperitoneal. RESULTADOS: Os valores de TNFalfa, IL-1beta e IL-6 foram significantemente menores nos ratos submetidos ao pneumoperitôneo do que em todos os outros grupos (p<0.05. Expressão de TNFalfa, IL-1beta e IL-6 foi menor no grupo sepse induzida por laparoscopia do que por laparotomia (p<0.05. Os ratos submetidos a ligadura e punção do ceco via laparoscópica desenvolveram acidose hipercárbica no sangue arterial e exsudato subperitoneal, mais intensa do que no grupo sepse laparotômica. Leucopenia e linfopenia foram mais acentuadas no grupo sepse laparoscópica (p<0.01. Entretanto, os animais submetidos a sepse laparotômica desenvolveram significante aumento de neutrófilos e eosinófilos quando comparados com os controles (p<0.05. CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo demonstrou que o pneumoperitôneo com CO2 contribuiu para reduzir a resposta inflamatória em ratos submetidos a modelo de sepse abdominal, no que diz respeito à expressão de citocinas intraperitoneais e leucometria diferencial. O pneumoperitôneo também contribuiu para instalação de acidose hipercárbica nos ratos sépticos.

El dinero en los modelos macroeconómicos

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Toledo , Wilfredo

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Un reto de la economía monetaria es el desarrollo de una teoría endógena del dinero; un modelo en el que el dinero surja de manera natural y no como una imposición externa. Este trabajo discute los principales enfoques de la economía monetaria, y argumenta que los modelos de generaciones traslapadas y los modelos de búsqueda son las mejores alternativas

Abdominal tuberculosis: Imaging features

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pereira, Jose M.; Madureira, Antonio J.; Vieira, Alberto; Ramos, Isabel

2005-01-01

Radiological findings of abdominal tuberculosis can mimic those of many different diseases. A high level of suspicion is required, especially in high-risk population. In this article, we will describe barium studies, ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) findings of abdominal tuberculosis (TB), with emphasis in the latest. We will illustrate CT findings that can help in the diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis and describe imaging features that differentiate it from other inflammatory and neoplastic diseases, particularly lymphoma and Crohn's disease. As tuberculosis can affect any organ in the abdomen, emphasis is placed to ileocecal involvement, lymphadenopathy, peritonitis and solid organ disease (liver, spleen and pancreas). A positive culture or hystologic analysis of biopsy is still required in many patients for definitive diagnosis. Learning objectives:1.To review the relevant pathophysiology of abdominal tuberculosis. 2.Illustrate CT findings that can help in the diagnosis

Mechanical and histological characterization of the abdominal muscle. A previous step to modelling hernia surgery.

Science.gov (United States)

Hernández, B; Peña, E; Pascual, G; Rodríguez, M; Calvo, B; Doblaré, M; Bellón, J M

2011-04-01

The aims of this study are to experimentally characterize the passive elastic behaviour of the rabbit abdominal wall and to develop a mechanical constitutive law which accurately reproduces the obtained experimental results. For this purpose, tissue samples from New Zealand White rabbits 2150±50 (g) were mechanically tested in vitro. Mechanical tests, consisting of uniaxial loading on tissue samples oriented along the craneo-caudal and the perpendicular directions, respectively, revealed the anisotropic non-linear mechanical behaviour of the abdominal tissues. Experiments were performed considering the composite muscle (including external oblique-EO, internal oblique-IO and transverse abdominis-TA muscle layers), as well as separated muscle layers (i.e., external oblique, and the bilayer formed by internal oblique and transverse abdominis). Both the EO muscle layer and the IO-TA bilayer demonstrated a stiffer behaviour along the transversal direction to muscle fibres than along the longitudinal one. The fibre arrangement was measured by means of a histological study which confirmed that collagen fibres are mainly responsible for the passive mechanical strength and stiffness. Furthermore, the degree of anisotropy of the abdominal composite muscle turned out to be less pronounced than those obtained while studying the EO and IO-TA separately. Moreover, a phenomenological constitutive law was used to capture the measured experimental curves. A Levenberg-Marquardt optimization algorithm was used to fit the model constants to reproduce the experimental curves. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Concepts to optimize stent-grafting of abdominal aortic aneurysms based on results of experimental studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chavan, A.; Kirchhoff, T.; Baus, S.; Galanski, M.; Pichlmaier, M.

2001-01-01

Purpose. In the endoluminal therapy of abdominal aortic aneurysms, a short proximal aneurysm neck, endoleaks and the large size and stiffness of the introducer systems are responsible for many of the complications and sub-optimal outcomes. The purpose of the present review article is to to suggest strategies to minimize these complications based on the results of experimental studies in animals. Material and methods. After implanting various types of stents across the renal artery origins, the functional and morphological changes in the kidneys and renal vessels were studied by various authors. In order to prevent progressive widening of the proximal aneurysmal neck and graft dislocation, Sonesson et al. performed a laparoscopic banding around the proximal neck in pigs. To study the effects of endoleaks, Marty, Schurink and Pitton carried out pressure measurements in experimental aneurysms with and without endoleaks. Sakaguchi and Pavcnik developed the 'Twin-tube endografts' (TTEG) and the 'Bifurcated drum occluder endografts' (BDOEG) and tested them in dogs. Results. Up to 3 months after suprarenal stent placement, Chavan et al. detected no significant fall in the mean inulin clearance in sheep (140±46 ml/min before, 137±58 ml/min after). Nasim et al. and Malina et al. reported similar observations with respect to renal function. Suprarenal fixation may result in isolated thrombotic occlusions of the renal arteries and microinfarcts in the kidneys. Mean aortic diameters at the level of banding were significantly smaller in the animals with aortic banding as opposed to those in the control group without banding (8 mm vs 11 mm, p=0.004). The banding caused a secure proximal fixation of the stent-graft. Persistent endoleaks resulted in significantly higher intraaneurysmal pressures. Although the TTEG and the BDOEG stent-grafts required smaller sheaths, occlusions were observed in 8% (TTEG) and 60% (BDOEG) of the graft limbs. (orig.) [de

Modelo de contaminación del aire

OpenAIRE

Iván Naula

2010-01-01

El presente documento estudia un modelo matemático de contaminación del aire, este modelo se basa en una ecuación en derivadas parciales de tipo parabólico lineal llamada ecuación de convección difusión. En la primera parte se trata el tema de contaminación del aire, su importancia, causas, consecuencias y por qué es necesario formular modelos matemáticos, luego se realiza un estudio de los principales resultados de la mecánica de medios continuos aplicados a la contaminación del aire, y se p...

Questionando empiricamente a validade do modelo fleuriet

OpenAIRE

Medeiros, Otávio Ribeiro de; Rodrigues, Fernanda Fernandes

2004-01-01

O estudo relata o resultado de testes empíricos sobre a validade do modelo Fleuriet, também conhecido como Análise Avançada ou Dinâmica do Capital de Giro. Segundo alguns autores, o modelo, introduzido no Brasil nos anos 1980, trouxe importantes inovações para a análise do capital de giro. Uma hipótese fundamental do modelo é que ativos e passivos circulantes financeiros são variáveis erráticas, não relacionadas às operações das empresas, ao contrário dos ativos e passivos circ...

Identificación Robusta de Modelos Wiener y Hammerstein

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Silvina I. Biagiola

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Resumen: Los modelos orientados a bloques han mostrado ser útiles y eficaces como representaciones no lineales en muchas aplicaciones. Son modelos simples y a la vez válidos en una región más amplia que un modelo lineal invariante en el tiempo. En cuanto a su estructura, consisten en una cascada integrada por una dinámica lineal y un bloque estático no lineal.Si bien existen en la literatura numerosos trabajos que abordan la identificación nominal de estos modelos, el problema de identificación robusta en presencia de incertidumbre no ha sido cabalmente tratado.En este trabajo, se consideran dos clases de modelos orientados a bloques: modelos Wiener y Hammerstein. Empleando una representación paramétrica, se propone describir la incertidumbre como un conjunto de parámetros, cuyos valores se obtienen resolviendo un problema de optimización. El algoritmo de identificación desarrollado se ilustra mediante ejemplos de simulación. Palabras clave: Wiener, Hammerstein, Identificación, Incertidumbre, Optimización

Biomechanical Analysis of Human Abdominal Impact Responses and Injuries through Finite Element Simulations of a Full Human Body Model.

Science.gov (United States)

Ruan, Jesse S; El-Jawahri, Raed; Barbat, Saeed; Prasad, Priya

2005-11-01

Human abdominal response and injury in blunt impacts was investigated through finite element simulations of cadaver tests using a full human body model of an average-sized adult male. The model was validated at various impact speeds by comparing model responses with available experimental cadaver test data in pendulum side impacts and frontal rigid bar impacts from various sources. Results of various abdominal impact simulations are presented in this paper. Model-predicted abdominal dynamic responses such as force-time and force-deflection characteristics, and injury severities, measured by organ pressures, for the simulated impact conditions are presented. Quantitative results such as impact forces, abdominal deflections, internal organ stresses have shown that the abdomen responded differently to left and right side impacts, especially in low speed impact. Results also indicated that the model exhibited speed sensitive response characteristics and the compressibility of the abdomen significantly influenced the overall impact response in the simulated impact conditions. This study demonstrates that the development of a validated finite element human body model can be useful for abdominal injury assessment. Internal organ injuries, which are difficult to detect in experimental studies with human cadavers due to the difficulty of instrumentation, may be more easily identified with a validated finite element model through stress-strain analysis.

Modelos de engajamento

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Roberval de Jesus Leone dos Santos

2005-08-01

Full Text Available O artigo apresenta três modelos de engajamento propostos por autores fundamentais do século XX: Gramsci, Sartre e Camus. Após a revisão dos modelos, o autor desenvolve uma abordagem generalizada do fenômeno e apresenta duas conclusões principais: o engajamento tem de ser entendido em termos de grau; o engajamento é um fenômeno exclusivo de sociedades políticas ou antagônicas.The paper presents three models of engagement proposed by fundamental authors of the 20th century: Gramsci, Sartre and Camus. After the revision of the models, the author develops a generalized approach of the phenomenon and it presents two main conclusions: the engagement must be understood within limits of degree; the engagement is a phenomenon exclusive of political or antagonistic societies.

Blunt abdominal trauma in children.

Science.gov (United States)

Schonfeld, Deborah; Lee, Lois K

2012-06-01

This review will examine the current evidence regarding pediatric blunt abdominal trauma and the physical exam findings, laboratory values, and radiographic imaging associated with the diagnosis of intra-abdominal injuries (IAI), as well as review the current literature on pediatric hollow viscus injuries and emergency department disposition after diagnosis. The importance of the seat belt sign on physical examination and screening laboratory data remains controversial, although screening hepatic enzymes are recommended in the evaluation of nonaccidental trauma to identify occult abdominal organ injuries. Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) has modest sensitivity for hemoperitoneum and IAI in the pediatric trauma patient. Patients with concern for undiagnosed IAI, including bowel injury, may be considered for hospital admission and serial abdominal exams without an increased risk of complications, if an exploratory laparotomy is not performed emergently. Although the FAST exam is not recommended as the sole screening tool to rule out IAI in hemodynamically stable trauma patients, it may be used in conjunction with the physical exam and laboratory findings to identify children at risk for IAI. Children with a normal physical exam and normal abdominal CT may not require routine hospitalization after blunt abdominal trauma.

Armonización de modelos de calidad del software

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Gabriel Alberto Garcia Mireles

2013-06-01

Full Text Available La tendencia actual entre las organizaciones que desarrollan software es la adopción de más de un modelo de calidad para estar en condiciones de competir en diversos sectores del mercado. En esa situación, las organizaciones se enfrentan al problema de coordinar la implantación de múltiples modelos de tal manera que cada modelo logre los beneficios esperados, y al mismo tiempo, que los costos y esfuerzo de implantación sean mínimos. Como respuesta a este problema, surge la armonización de modelos de calidad del software. Actualmente los estudios se centran en la composición de modelos de calidad que abordan prácticas del proceso de desarrollo de software. Sin embargo, las organizaciones también deberían considerar la perspectiva de la calidad del producto. En este artículo, se presenta un avance de la investigación en la armonización de modelos de calidad que toma en cuenta ambas perspectivas, proceso y producto. Se describe la técnica que se propuso para realizar comparaciones de bajo nivel en este contexto. La técnica se aplica en los modelos CMMI-DEV, ISO 12207 e ISO 25010 y, como resultado, se encuentra que los modelos que abordan la perspectiva de proceso contienen prácticas, que corresponden a las etapas de análisis y diseño de software, en donde se debería prestar más atención a la calidad del producto de software.

Un modelo SETAR para el PIB colombiano

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Vivas Lorena

2010-08-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se estudia el comportamiento de la tasa de crecimiento del PIB colombiano entre 1982-2008 a partir de un modelo SETAR (Self-Exciting Threshold Autoregressive, empleando la metodología propuesta por Tsay (1989 y Tong (1990 para la detección de no linealidades relacionadas con la existencia de regímenes cambiantes. Adicionalmente, se comparan los pronósticos generados con los obtenidos en un modelo autorregresivo lineal para diferentes horizontes de predicción, empleando funciones de pérdida simétricas. Los resultados muestran evidencia empírica de que existe no linealidad de umbral en la serie asociada a las altas o bajas tasas de crecimiento registradas por su rezago anual (permaneciendo más tiempo en el régimen de tasas de crecimiento más elevadas y que el desempeño de los pronósticos del modelo SETAR parece no mejorar con respecto al modelo base.

MODELOS HETERODOXOS DE CRESCIMENTO EM ECONOMIAS ABERTAS: UMA EXTENSÃO DOS MODELOS DE KALDOR-THIRLWALL

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André Luís Cabral de Lourenço

2015-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMO O artigo teve por objetivo central contribuir para o processo de construção de modelos de crescimento heterodoxos para economias abertas na linha de Kaldor (1970 e Thirlwall (1979. Para tanto: i recuperou os elementos comuns a esses modelos que forneceram uma base teórica geral para a construção de modelos; ii buscou melhorar a articulação entre as taxas de crescimento da demanda agregada e a taxa de crescimento permitida pela restrição externa, bem como preencher o vácuo decorrente da ausência do crescimento da demanda agregada; iii resenhou a literatura que visa melhorar a modelagem da restrição externa nessa linha teórica, recolhendo importantes inspirações para construir uma forma de modelar a restrição externa que evitasse algumas das deficiências presentes na literatura; iv explorou algumas das propriedades e aspectos mais salientes da solução assim gerada.

Abdominal tuberculosis: Imaging features

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pereira, Jose M. [Department of Radiology, Hospital de S. Joao, Porto (Portugal)]. E-mail: jmpjesus@yahoo.com; Madureira, Antonio J. [Department of Radiology, Hospital de S. Joao, Porto (Portugal); Vieira, Alberto [Department of Radiology, Hospital de S. Joao, Porto (Portugal); Ramos, Isabel [Department of Radiology, Hospital de S. Joao, Porto (Portugal)

2005-08-01

Radiological findings of abdominal tuberculosis can mimic those of many different diseases. A high level of suspicion is required, especially in high-risk population. In this article, we will describe barium studies, ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) findings of abdominal tuberculosis (TB), with emphasis in the latest. We will illustrate CT findings that can help in the diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis and describe imaging features that differentiate it from other inflammatory and neoplastic diseases, particularly lymphoma and Crohn's disease. As tuberculosis can affect any organ in the abdomen, emphasis is placed to ileocecal involvement, lymphadenopathy, peritonitis and solid organ disease (liver, spleen and pancreas). A positive culture or hystologic analysis of biopsy is still required in many patients for definitive diagnosis. Learning objectives:1.To review the relevant pathophysiology of abdominal tuberculosis. 2.Illustrate CT findings that can help in the diagnosis.

Experimental numerical study utilizing CFD in a stratified gasifier operating with biomass; Estudio numerico experimental de un gasificador estratificado que opera con biomasa, utilizando CFD

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rogel Ramirez, Alejandro

2007-07-01

The central idea behind this work is the developing of a numeric-experimental model, useful to optimize the biomass stratified gasifier design. Firstly, model validation will be carried up by comparison with reference experimental data available. This study describes a 1-D + 2-D numerical model used to simulate the gasification of pine wood pellets in a stratified downdraft gasifier whereby Eulerian conservation equations are solved for particle and gas phase components, velocities and specific enthalpies. The model takes into account the biomass particle process such as heating up, drying, primary pyrolysis of biomass, secondary pyrolysis of tar, homogeneous reactions and heterogeneous combustion/gasification reactions, and particle size change. This CFD model can be used to predict temperature profiles, gas composition, producer gas lower heating value, and carbon conversion efficiency, and the reactor performance when operating parameters and feed properties are changed. The standard {kappa}-{epsilon} and RNG {kappa}-{epsilon} models were used to simulate the turbulent flow conditions. [Spanish] La idea central del presente trabajo es el desarrollo de un modelo numerico- experimental, para optimizar el diseno de gasificadores estratificados de biomasa. Primeramente, el modelo sera validado utilizando datos experimentales disponibles en la literatura. Este estudio describe un modelo numerico 1-D+2-D, utilizado para simular la gasificacion de 'pelets' de madera de pino en un gasificador estratificado de flujos paralelos, en el que se resuelven ecuaciones de conservacion Eulerianas para los componentes de la fase gaseosa, la fase solida, velocidades y entalpias especificas. El modelo considera procesos como: calentamiento, secado de la biomasa, pirolisis primaria de la madera, pirolisis secundaria de los alquitranes, reacciones homogeneas, reacciones heterogeneas de combustion/gasificacion y cambio en el tamano de la particula. Este modelo CFD puede ser

Validity of a new abdominal bioelectrical impedance device to measure abdominal and visceral fat: comparison with MRI

OpenAIRE

Browning, Lucy M; Mugridge, Owen; Chatfield, Mark; Dixon, Adrian; Aitken, Sri; Joubert, Ilse; Prentice, Andrew M.; Jebb, Susan A

2010-01-01

Abdominal fat, and in particular, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), is the critical fat depot associated with metabolic aberrations. At present VAT can only be accurately measured by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study was designed to compare a new abdominal bioelectrical impedance device against total abdominal adipose tissue (TAAT) and VAT area measurements made from an abdominal MRI scan, and to assess it’s reliability and accuracy.

Experimental study on venography with carbon dioxide by fine-needle direct-puncture of abdominal viscera

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhu Chi; Xu Changliang; Zhang Dezhi; Zheng Feiqun; Sheng Qiang; Zhang Xiuze; Xiong Zhuang; Yu Yongqiang

2005-01-01

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of CO 2 venography by fine-needle direct-puncture of abdominal viscera. Methods: Two healthy female pigs and two healthy female dogs were used in this study. Multi-point punctures of abdominal viscera including liver, spleen, kidney, pancreas, walls of small intestines, and uterus with 25-gauge needle were performed for CO 2 venography in all animals. Diagnostic image quality of the angiographic images was assessed by 3 independent observers. Results: Splenic-portal vein, hepatic vein, portal vein, renal vein and inferior vena cava, uterine vein and ovarian vein could be visualized by fine needle direct CO 2 injection into the related organic parenchyma, while draining vein of small intestines and pancreas could not be shown. Splenic-portal veins were revealed especially well with grade A of 87.5% (7/8) , grade B of 12.5% (1/8), and grade C of 0%. The image quality of hepatic veins were 81.8% (9/11), 18.2% (2/11), and 0% for grade A, B, and C, respectively. The portal veins were 77.8% (7/9), 22.2%(2/9), and 0% for grade A, B, and C, respectively. The renal vein and inferior vena cava were 38.5% (5/13), 61.5% (8/13), and 0% for grade A, B, and C respectively. The uterine veins and ovarian veins were 0%, 33.3% (2/6), and 66.7% (4/6) for grade A, B, and C, respectively. During the CO 2 angiographic procedure, vital signs remained stable in all animals. Conclusion: CO 2 venography with fine-needle direct-puncture of abdominal viscera, excluding small intestines and pancreas, is feasible and safe. (authors)

Abdominal binders may reduce pain and improve physical function after major abdominal surgery - a systematic review

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rothman, Josephine Philip; Gunnarsson, Ulf; Bisgaard, Thue

2014-01-01

INTRODUCTION: Evidence for the effect of post-operative abdominal binders on post-operative pain, seroma formation, physical function, pulmonary function and increased intra-abdominal pressure among patients after surgery remains largely un-investigated. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted...... formation and physical function. RESULTS: A total of 50 publications were identified; 42 publications were excluded leaving eight publications counting a total of 578 patients for analysis. Generally, the scientific quality of the studies was poor. Use of abdominal binder revealed a non-significant tendency...... to reduce seroma formation after laparoscopic ventral herniotomy and a non-significant reduction in pain. Physical function was improved, whereas evidence supports a beneficial effect on psychological distress after open abdominal surgery. Evidence also supports that intra-abdominal pressure increases...

Um modelo de programação orientado ao desenvolvimento de sistemas ubíquos

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Alex Sandro Garzão

2014-04-01

Full Text Available A tarefa de desenvolver aplicações ubíquas nos modelos tradicionais de programação torna-se um desafio pois a maioria desses modelos baseia-se em premissas estáticas de arquitetura, dados, aplicação e sistemas operacionais. Por isso o presente trabalho propõe o \\textit{Ubiquitous Oriented Programming} (abreviadamente UOP, um modelo de programação orientado ao desenvolvimento de sistemas ubíquos. O UOP utiliza os conceitos de serviços e da programação orientada a objetos, integrando-os com requisitos necessários em aplicações ubíquas como compartilhamento de informações contextuais, sensibilidade ao contexto, adaptação ao contexto, mobilidade de código e concorrência. O ambiente do UOP é composto por uma linguagem de programação (UbiL, um compilador (UbiC e por uma máquina virtual (UbiVM que suporta a execução das aplicações desenvolvidas em UbiL. O modelo foi avaliado de forma experimental, onde uma aplicação foi criada e então simulada através de um cenário de comércio ubíquo. Através desse experimento concluiu-se que o UOP facilitou o desenvolvimento dessa aplicação.

Lateral abdominal muscle size at rest and during abdominal drawing-in manoeuvre in healthy adolescents.

Science.gov (United States)

Linek, Pawel; Saulicz, Edward; Wolny, Tomasz; Myśliwiec, Andrzej; Kokosz, Mirosław

2015-02-01

Lateral abdominal wall muscles in children and adolescents have not been characterised to date. In the present report, we examined the reliability of the ultrasound measurement and thickness of the oblique external muscle (OE), oblique internal muscle (OI) and transverse abdominal muscle (TrA) at rest and during abdominal drawing-in manoeuvre (ADIM) on both sides of the body in healthy adolescents. We also determined possible differences between boys and girls and defined any factors-such as body mass, height and BMI-that may affect the thickness of the abdominal muscles. B-mode ultrasound was used to assess OE, OI and TrA on both sides of the body in the supine position. Ultrasound measurements at rest and during ADIM were reliable in this age group (ICC3,3 > 0.92). OI was always the thickest and TrA the thinnest muscle on both sides of the body. In this group, an identical pattern of the contribution of the individual muscles to the structure of the lateral abdominal wall (OI > OE > TrA) was observed. At rest and during ADIM, no statistically significant side-to-side differences were demonstrated in either gender. The body mass constitutes between 30% and <50% of the thickness differences in all muscles under examination at rest and during ADIM. The structure of lateral abdominal wall in adolescents is similar to that of adults. During ADIM, the abdominal muscles in adolescents react similarly to those in adults. This study provided extensive information regarding the structure of the lateral abdominal wall in healthy adolescents. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Gallic Acid Attenuates Postoperative Intra-Abdominal Adhesion by Inhibiting Inflammatory Reaction in a Rat Model

Science.gov (United States)

Wei, Guangbing; Wu, Yunhua; Gao, Qi; Shen, Cong; Chen, Zilu; Wang, Kang; Yu, Junhui

2018-01-01

Background Intra-abdominal adhesion is one of the most common complications after abdominal surgery. The efficacy of current treatments for intra-abdominal adhesion is unsatisfactory. In this study, we investigated the effect of gallic acid on the prevention and treatment of intra-abdominal adhesions after abdominal surgery using an intra-abdominal adhesion rat model. Material/Methods The experimental rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group, the control group, the chitosan group, and 3 gallic acid groups of different concentrations. All rats except those in the sham operation group received cecal abrasion to induce adhesion. From the first postoperative day, the rats in the gallic acid groups were administered different concentrations of gallic acid in a 2-ml gavage daily. All rats were sacrificed on postoperative day 7, and the degree of intra-abdominal adhesion was evaluated by the naked eye. The amount of collagen deposited between the injured peritoneal tissues was assessed by Sirius red staining. Serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were measured by ELISA. Western blot was used to detect the level of NF-κB phosphorylation in the injured peritoneal or adhesion tissues of the rats. Results Compared with the control group, the scores of intra-abdominal adhesions in the rats treated with larger doses of gallic acid were significantly decreased, and the degree of inflammation and fibrosis was also significantly decreased. Gallic acid significantly reduced IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 serum levels. NF-κB phosphorylation in the higher gallic acid groups was significantly reduced. Conclusions Gallic acid inhibits the formation of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions in rats by inhibiting the inflammatory reaction and fibrogenesis. Gallic acid is a promising drug for preventing intra-abdominal adhesions. PMID:29429982

Standardization of an experimental model of parabiotic isolated heart in rabbits Padronização de modelo experimental de coração isolado parabiótico em coelhos

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Antônio Sérgio Martins

2000-09-01

Full Text Available The objective was to standardize an experimental model of parabiotic isolated heart in rabbits, testing their stability and durability for use in cardiovascular research. Sixty-six Norfolk-2000 rabbits were used and divided in 2 groups: donors of the isolated heart and support animals, in a total of 33 preparations. Circulatory support for the isolated heart was established with the aid of peristaltic pumps and the flow was kept constant (16ml/min.. An intraventricular balloon was inserted in the left ventriculum, and was adjusted to produce diastolic pressure of ± 10mmHg. Heart rate was established at 120 beats per minute with the use of a pacemaker. Hemodynamic, laboratory and histopathological parameters were evaluated. Of the 33 preparations, 13 were excluded according to preestablished criteria. Of the 20 remaining preparations, 10 completed the maximum protocol time (180 minutes. There was progressive hemodynamic deterioration with decrease of mean blood pressure (89.30±6.09mmHg->47.50±6.35mmHg in the support animal. There was hemodynamic stability of the isolated heart for the 10 preparations that completed the 180 minutes of the protocol. Laboratory parameters showed progressive decrease of sodium, potassium and hemoglobin, which is compatible with hemodilution. Histopathology showed greater distance among the fibers, compatible with edema. The present model showed 100% stability and activity of the preparations within 60 minutes, and 50% of the active preparations were progressively lost within 180 minutes. The present model is viable for cardiovascular research.O objetivo foi a padronização de modelo experimental de coração isolado parabiótico em coelhos, testando sua estabilidade e durabilidade, para fins de pesquisa cardiovascular. Foram utilizados 66 coelhos raça Norfolk-2000 divididos em grupo doador do coração isolado e animais suporte, totalizando 33 preparações. Mediante auxilio de bombas peristálticas estabeleceu

Intra-abdominal pressure during swimming.

Science.gov (United States)

Moriyama, S; Ogita, F; Huang, Z; Kurobe, K; Nagira, A; Tanaka, T; Takahashi, H; Hirano, Y

2014-02-01

The present study aimed to determine the intra-abdominal pressure during front crawl swimming at different velocities in competitive swimmers and to clarify the relationships between stroke indices and changes in intra-abdominal pressure. The subjects were 7 highly trained competitive collegiate male swimmers. Intra-abdominal pressure was measured during front crawl swimming at 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4 m · s(-1) and during the Valsalva maneuver. Intra-abdominal pressure was taken as the difference between minimum and maximum values, and the mean of 6 stable front crawl stroke cycles was used. Stroke rate and stroke length were also measured as stroke indices. There were significant differences in stroke rate among all velocities (P pressure and stroke rate or stroke length (P pressure and stroke indices when controlling for swimming velocity. These findings do not appear to support the effectiveness of trunk training performed by competitive swimmers aimed at increasing intra-abdominal pressure. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

El modelo neurobiológico de la conciencia

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Luis Álvarez Munárriz

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El modelo neurobiológico de la conciencia está implantado y arraigado en la ciencia actual. En esta contribución se pretende probar que posee unos débiles cimientos que deben ser reforzados. Para mostrarlo se reflexiona críticamente sobre tres de sus dimensiones que se pueden considerar esenciales: (i la identificación de conciencia y cerebro; (ii la negación del libre albedrío; y (iii las escasas aplicaciones clínicas del modelo. Estas reflexiones nos indican la necesidad de construir un modelo más robusto. Se necesita un modelo predictivo cuyos resultados no solamente se puedan validar sino que además tengan aplicaciones prácticas que sirvan para mejorar el bienestar y la calidad de vida de las personas.

Desenvolvimento de um modelo experimental de falha óssea infectada na ulna de coelhos Development of an experimental model of infected bone void in the ulna of rabbits

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Matheus Lemos Azi

2012-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Desenvolver um modelo experimental que permita estudar a regeneração de grandes falhas ósseas em condições de infecção. MÉTODO: Falhas ósseas segmentares de 15mm foram criadas cirurgicamente na ulna de 12 coelhos e inoculadas com 5x10(8 unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC de S. aureus. O desbridamento da infecção foi realizado duas semanas após, seguida da aplicação sistêmica de gentamicina por quatro semanas. Os animais foram acompanhados por um período de 12 semanas para avaliação do controle da infecção e da regeneração óssea. RESULTADOS: A regeneração espontânea foi inferior a 25% do defeito na avaliação radiográfica e histológica. CONCLUSÃO: A Falha óssea infectada de 15mm na ulna de coelhos é incapaz de alcançar a regeneração completa sem tratamentos adicionais. Nível de Evidência V, Estudo experimental.OBJECTIVE: Develop a model that allowed the study of bone regeneration in infection conditions. METHOD: A 15 mm defect was surgically created in the rabbit ulna and inoculated with 5x10(8 colony-forming units (CFU of S. aureus. Surgical debridement was performed two weeks after and systemic gentamicin was administered for four weeks. Animals were followed up to 12 weeks to evaluate infection control and bone regeneration. RESULT: Bone regeneration was inferior to 25% of the defect in radiological and histological analysis. CONCLUSION: Infected bone defect of 15 mm in the rabbit ulna was unable to achieve full regeneration without further treatment. Level of Evidence V, Experimental Study.

Modelo de contabilidad para la responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE) 1

OpenAIRE

Hernández Rodríguez, Danilo Rafael

2013-01-01

El objetivo de este artículo consiste en presentar un modelo contable, entendido como un sistema de información social, integrado a la memoria de Sostenibilidad Global Reporting Initiative - GRI, que ofrece un registro óptimo de la información y una recolección fidedigna de la misma, partiendo de fuentes verificables y confiables. El artículo acude a un diseño de investigación no experimental, de carácter documental, mediante la revisión de contenidos generales sobre la temática; con un t...

Abdominal tuberculosis. On-going challenge to gastroenterologists

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ibrahim, Mahgoub; Osuba, Abimbola

2005-01-01

The aim of this study is to record the observations and experience on the diagnosis and management of abdominal tuberculosis (TB) and to highlight the difficulties in the diagnosis and management of this condition. Two hundred consecutive patients attending the Gastroenterology Department of the King Khalid National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between May 1991 and May 2001, suspected with abdominal TB were investigated. A detailed clinical history and physical examination were obtained. Data of 75 confirmed cases of abdominal TB were analyzed. The most common presenting symptoms were anorexia (84%), abdominal pain (84%) and weight loss (72%). Abdominal tenderness was the most common clinical finding, followed by ascites and abdominal mass (42%). The chest radiograph suggestive of pulmonary TB was diagnosed in 24 patients (32%). Computed tomographic (CT) scanning revealed abnormalities in all 51 patients who underwent the procedure, while positive findings were observed by abdominal ultrasound in 66% of the tested patients. Histopathological examination of patients showed tuberculosis granuloma, while acid fast bacilli were seen in 34%. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identified by microbiological methods in 60% of patients. The most common presenting symptoms were anorexia (84%), abdominal pain (84%) and weight loss (72%). Abdominal tenderness was the most common clinical finding, followed by ascites and abdominal mass (42%). The chest radiograph suggestive of pulmonary TB was diagnosed in 24 patients (32%). Computed tomographic (CT) scanning revealed abnormalities in all 51 patients who underwent the procedure, while positive findings were observed by abdominal ultrasound in 66% of the tested patients. Histopathological examination of patients showed tuberculous granuloma, while acid fast bacilli were seen in 34%. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identified by microbiological methods in 60% of patients. A high index of clinical suspicion is

Increased pressure within the abdominal compartment: intra-abdominal hypertension and the abdominal compartment syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Roberts, Derek J; Ball, Chad G; Kirkpatrick, Andrew W

2016-04-01

This article reviews recent developments related to intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH)/abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and clinical practice guidelines published in 2013. IAH/ACS often develops because of the acute intestinal distress syndrome. Although the incidence of postinjury ACS is decreasing, IAH remains common and associated with significant morbidity and mortality among critically ill/injured patients. Many risk factors for IAH include those findings suggested to be indications for use of damage control surgery in trauma patients. Medical management strategies for IAH/ACS include sedation/analgesia, neuromuscular blocking and prokinetic agents, enteral decompression tubes, interventions that decrease fluid balance, and percutaneous catheter drainage. IAH/ACS may be prevented in patients undergoing laparotomy by leaving the abdomen open where appropriate. If ACS cannot be prevented with medical or surgical management strategies or treated with percutaneous catheter drainage, guidelines recommend urgent decompressive laparotomy. Use of negative pressure peritoneal therapy for temporary closure of the open abdomen may improve the systemic inflammatory response and patient-important outcomes. In the last 15 years, investigators have better clarified the pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis, and appropriate prevention of IAH/ACS. Subsequent study should be aimed at understanding which treatments effectively lower intra-abdominal pressure and whether these treatments ultimately affect patient-important outcomes.

Modelo de Cuidado: ¿Qué es y como elaborarlo?

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Patricia Kuerten Rocha

Full Text Available En el presente artículo se realiza una reflexión teórica sobre el significado del modelo de cuidado de enfermería, además de ofrecer elementos para su elaboración. Existe una diversidad de terminologías sobre lo que es modelo de cuidado y sus elementos, tales como: modelo de cuidado, marco/sistema/modelo conceptual, marco de referencia, marco teórico, metodología y método. En este estudio son presentadas las etapas que sistematizan el desarrollo de un modelo de cuidado, a saber: planeamiento, desarrollo, implementación y evaluación. Por ser dinámica, la elaboración de un modelo de cuidado necesita de la interacción directa entre el investigador y el sujeto. La lógica inductiva-deductiva-inductiva le permite al investigador un ir y venir del mundo de la práctica al mundo abstracto reflexivo. Un modelo de cuidado nos remite a la construcción de un conocimiento que favorece un cuidar diferenciado y específico, al mismo tiempo que estimula el conocimiento y el desarrollo de la Enfermería. De esa manera, los modelos de cuidado engloban un conjunto de conocimientos que califican y perfeccionan la praxis de la Enfermería.

CT of abdominal abscesses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Korobkin, M.T.

1987-01-01

The imaging search for a suspected abdominal abscess is common in hospitalized patients, especially after recent abdominal surgery. This paper examines the role of CT in the detection, localization, and treatment of abdominal abscess. The accuracy, limitations, and technical aspects of CT in this clinical setting are discussed. The diagnosis of an abscess is based on the demonstration of a circumscribed abnormal fluid collection. Although percutaneous aspiration with gram stain and culture is usually indicated to differentiate abscess from other fluid collections, the CT-based detection of extraluminal gas bubbles makes the diagnosis of an abscess highly likely. CT is compared with conventional radiographic studies, US, and radio-nuclide imaging. Specific CT and clinical features of abscesses in the following sites are emphasized: subphrenic space, liver, pancreas, kidneys, psoas muscle, appendix, and colonic diverticula. Most abdominal abscesses can be successfully treated with percutaneous drainage techniques. The techniques, results, and limitations of percutaneous abscess drainage are reviewed

Adult abdominal hernias.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Murphy, Kevin P

2014-06-01

Educational Objectives and Key Points. 1. Given that abdominal hernias are a frequent imaging finding, radiologists not only are required to interpret the appearances of abdominal hernias but also should be comfortable with identifying associated complications and postrepair findings. 2. CT is the imaging modality of choice for the assessment of a known adult abdominal hernia in both elective and acute circumstances because of rapid acquisition, capability of multiplanar reconstruction, good spatial resolution, and anatomic depiction with excellent sensitivity for most complications. 3. Ultrasound is useful for adult groin assessment and is the imaging modality of choice for pediatric abdominal wall hernia assessment, whereas MRI is beneficial when there is reasonable concern that a patient\\'s symptoms could be attributable to a hernia or a musculoskeletal source. 4. Fluoroscopic herniography is a sensitive radiologic investigation for patients with groin pain in whom a hernia is suspected but in whom a hernia cannot be identified at physical examination. 5. The diagnosis of an internal hernia not only is a challenging clinical diagnosis but also can be difficult to diagnose with imaging: Closed-loop small-bowel obstruction and abnormally located bowel loops relative to normally located small bowel or colon should prompt assessment for an internal hernia.

Modelo Concesionado de Prisiones Federales en México

OpenAIRE

Gutiérrez Rosales, Francisco

2016-01-01

El presente proyecto de investigación aplicada se elaboró con la finalidad de comparar el modelo concesionado de prisiones federales en México con el modelo público de prisiones. El objetivo general fue analizar el modelo concesionado de prisiones federales, en términos de reinserción social, capacidad y población reclusa, para emitir recomendaciones de Política Pública. La finalidad de los objetivos específicos; conocer la situación actual del sistema penitenciario mexicano e identificar...

Actinomycosis mimicking abdominal neoplasm. Case report

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Waaddegaard, P; Dziegiel, Morten Hanefeld

1988-01-01

In a patient with a 6-month history of nonspecific abdominal complaints, preoperative examination indicated malignant disease involving the right ovary, rectum and sigmoid, but laparotomy revealed abdominal actinomycosis. Removal of the ovary and low anterior colonic resection followed by penicil......In a patient with a 6-month history of nonspecific abdominal complaints, preoperative examination indicated malignant disease involving the right ovary, rectum and sigmoid, but laparotomy revealed abdominal actinomycosis. Removal of the ovary and low anterior colonic resection followed...... by penicillin treatment gave a good result....

Acute appendicitis after blunt abdominal trauma

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Marjan Joudi

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Appendecitis is one of the most frequent surgeries. Inflammation of appendix may be due to variable causes such as fecalit, hypertrophy of Peyer’s plaques, seeds of fruits and parasites. In this study we presented an uncommon type of appendicitis which occurred after abdominal blunt trauma. In this article three children present who involved acute appendicitis after blunt abdominal trauma. These patients were 2 boys (5 and 6-year-old and one girl (8-year-old who after blunt abdominal trauma admitted to the hospital with abdominal pain and symptoms of acute abdomen and appendectomy had been done for them.Trauma can induce intramural hematoma at appendix process and may cause appendicitis. Therefore, physicians should be aware of appendicitis after blunt abdominal trauma

Modelos matemáticos a partir del modelo nomológico–deductivo de la explicación científica

OpenAIRE

Caraballo, Horacio A.; González, Cecilia Z.

2008-01-01

Mostraremos a continuación la posibilidad de generar modelos matemáticos simples a partir de la explicación de un hecho físico. El marco teórico de partida es el de la explicación científica con la estructura del modelo nomológico deductivo. El uso de modelos matemáticos en este marco genera herramientas didácticas de distinto tipo, en este articulo desarrollamos brevemente el diseño de proyectos de investigación para los alumnos. El docente puede generar y luego utilizar estos proyectos de d...

Modelo de gerencia del conocimiento: visión integral

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

César A. Bernal Torres

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo tiene como propósito el diseño de un modelo integral de la gerencia o administración del conocimiento como recurso estratégico para potenciar la capacidad competitiva de las organizaciones. El objetivo del modelo es contribuir a dar respuesta a dos inquietudes básicas de muchos directivos empresariales y estudiosos del á tema en el entorno de los países en desarrollo: a la necesidad de modelos gerenciales propios y pertinentes a la realidad de las organizaciones y b la integración de la diversidad de modelos dispersos existentes sobre este campo para facilitar su comprensión y aplicación. La construcción del modelo se realizó a partir de una amplia revisión bibliográfica sobre el tema, un trabajo de campo en el contexto de referencia con entrevistas a directivos empresariales y un análisis de expertos

IDENTIFICACIÓN DE MODELOS ARFIMA

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Elkin Castaño-Vëlez

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Desde la introducción de los modelos fraccionalmente integrados ARFIMA para  series de tiempo con memoria larga, ha surgido un gran interés en el estudio de sus propiedades y áreas de aplicación. En este modelo, el grado de la memoria está definido por el parámetro de diferenciación fraccional, el cual toma valores en un intervalo continuo de números reales. Para realizar la estimación de este parámetro y probar la existencia de memoria larga, se han propuesto distintos procedimientos en la literatura. Ahora bien, generalmente no basta con conocer si hay memoria larga en la serie de tiempo, sino que es necesario estimar adecuadamente el valor del parámetro de diferenciación fraccional, del cual depende la dinámica de largo plazo de la serie, y de la componente ARMA asociada al comportamiento de corto plazo. Esta estimación requiere de la especificación correcta del modelo ARFIMA.  El objeto de este documento es el de implementar un proceso de identificación del modelo ARFIMA para series estacionarias a partir de un procedimiento paramétrico propuesto, y comparar su desempeño con métodos semiparamétricos propuestos en la literatura.  Los resultados obtenidos a través de un estudio de simulación, muestran que el procedimiento propuesto tiene, en general, un mejor desempeño.

Ischemia and reperfusion in skin flaps: effects of mannitol and vitamin C in reducing necrosis area in a rat experimental model Isquemia e reperfusão de retalhos cutâneos: efeitos do manitol e vitamina C na redução de áreas de necrose em modelo experimental no rato

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Winston Bonetti Yoshida

2005-10-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to develop an experimental model of ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat skin flap and to verify the effect of mannitol and vitamin C on reducing necrosis area. METHODS: A 6-x 3-cm groin skin flap was raised and submitted to 8 hours of ischemia by clamping the vascular pedicle and to 7 days of reperfusion. The animals were divided in four groups: S1 and S2 (10 animals each and C and T (14 animals each. In groups S1 and S2 skin flaps were not submitted to ischemia and animals received lactated Ringer's solution (S1 and antioxidant solution (S2 . In groups C and T, flaps were subjected to 8 hours of warm ischemia and animals received Lactated Ringer's solution (Group C and antioxidant solution immediately before reperfusion, (Group T. Flap survival was evaluated on the seventh day using a paper template technique and computer-assistant imaging analysis of necrotic and normal areas. RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed no area differences between groups C and T. CONCLUSION: The experimental model provided consistent necrotic area in control groups and drugs used were not effective in improving skin flap survival.OBJETIVO: Neste trabalho foi padronizado modelo experimental de isquemia e reperfusão em retalho cutâneo em ratos no qual estudou-se possibilidade de uma solução antioxidante, composta por Ringer lactato, vitamina C e manitol de reduzir a área de necrose. MÉTODOS: O modelo consistiu de levantamento de retalho cutâneo axial de 6,0 x 3,0cm, submetido à isquemia de 8 horas e reperfusão de 7 dias. Os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos: grupos S1, S2 (10 animais cada, C e T (14 animais cada. Nos grupos S1 e S2 todos os procedimentos dos demais grupos foram efetuados, exceto a isquemia e reperfusão: S1 recebeu apenas Ringer lactato e S2 a solução antioxidante. Os grupos C e T foram submetidos à isquemia. O grupo C recebeu somente Ringer lactato e o grupo T a solução antioxidante. No 7

Abdominal imaging findings in gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Flicek, Kristina T; Vikram, Holenarasipur R; De Petris, Giovanni D; Johnson, C Daniel

2015-02-01

To describe the abdominal imaging findings of patients with gastrointestinal Basidiobolus ranarum infection. A literature search was performed to compile the abdominal imaging findings of all reported worldwide cases of gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis (GIB). In addition, a retrospective review at our institution was performed to identify GIB cases that had imaging findings. A radiologist aware of the diagnosis reviewed the imaging findings in detail. Additional information was obtained from the medical records. A total of 73 GIB cases have been published in the medical literature. The most common abdominal imaging findings were masses in the colon, the liver, or multiple sites and bowel wall thickening. Initially, many patients were considered to have either a neoplasm or Crohn disease. We identified 7 proven cases of GIB at our institution, of which 4 had imaging studies (4 computed tomography [CT] examinations, 4 abdominal radiographs, and an upper gastrointestinal study). Imaging studies showed abnormalities in all 4 cases. Three-fourths of our study patients had an abdominal mass at CT. Two of 3 masses involved the kidneys and included urinary obstruction. All masses showed an inflammatory component with adjacent soft tissue stranding, with or without abscess formation. Radiologists should consider GIB when a patient from an arid climate presents with abdominal pain, weight loss, and an inflammatory abdominal mass on CT. Abdominal masses of the colon or liver, bowel wall thickening, and abscesses are the most common imaging findings.

Abdominal imaging in AIDS patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao Dawei; Wang Wei; Yuan Chunwang; Jia Cuiyu; Zhao Xuan; Zhang Tong; Ma Daqing

2007-01-01

Objective: To evaluate abdominal imaging in AIDS. Methods: The imaging examinations (including US, CT and MR) of 6 patients with AIDS associated abdominal foci were analysed retrospectively. All the cases were performed US, and CT scan, of which 4 performed enhanced CT scan and 1 with MR. Results: Abdominal tuberculosis were found in 4 patients, including abdominal lymph nodes tuberculosis (3 cases) and pancreatic tuberculosis (1 case). The imaging of lymph nodes tuberculosis typically showed enlarged peripheral tim enhancement with central low-attenuation on contrast-enhanced CT. Pancreatic tuberculosis demonstrated low-attenuation area in pancreatic head and slightly peripheral enhancement. Disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma was seen in 1 case: CT and MRI scan demonstrated tumour infiltrated along hepatic portal vein and bronchovascular bundles. Pelvic tumor was observed in 1 case: CT scan showed large mass with thick and irregular wall and central low attenuation liquefacient necrotic area in the pelvic cavity. Conclusion: The imaging findings of AIDS with abdominal foci is extraordinarily helpful to the diagnosis of such disease. Tissue biopsy is needed to confirm the diagnosis. (authors)

[Diagnostic imaging and acute abdominal pain].

Science.gov (United States)

Liljekvist, Mads Svane; Pommergaard, Hans-Christian; Burcharth, Jakob; Rosenberg, Jacob

2015-01-19

Acute abdominal pain is a common clinical condition. Clinical signs and symptoms can be difficult to interpret, and diagnostic imaging may help to identify intra-abdominal disease. Conventional X-ray, ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen vary in usability between common surgical causes of acute abdominal pain. Overall, conventional X-ray cannot confidently diagnose or rule out disease. US and CT are equally trustworthy for most diseases. US with subsequent CT may enhance diagnostic precision. Magnetic resonance seems promising for future use in acute abdominal imaging.

Radiologic findings of abdominal wall endometriosis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seo, Jung Wook [Inje Univ. Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang (Korea, Republic of)

2003-12-01

To evaluate the imaging findings of abdominal wall endometriosis. In seven of 17 patients with surgically proven endometriosis of the abdominal wall, we retrospectively reviewed the findings of radiologic studies such as abdominal US (n=3), CT (n=4), and MRI (n=1). One patient under went more than one type of imaging, apparently. The surgical history of the seven, and their symptoms and preoperative diagnosis were reviewed, and the size, location, margin and nature of the mass, and the contrast enhancement patterns observed at radiologic studies, were assessed. The chief symptoms were palpable abdominal wall mass (n=5) and lower abdominal pain (n=2) around a surgical scar. Previous surgery included cesarean section (n=5), cesarean section with oophorectomy (n=1) and appendectomy (n=1). Masses were located in the subcutaneous fat layer (n=5) or rectus abdominis muscle (n=2), and their maximum diameter was 2.6 cm. Imaging findings, which correlated closely with the pathologic findings, included a well (n=5) or poorly marginated (n=2) solid mass, with a focal cystic area apparent in two cases. Although imaging findings of abdominal wall endometriosis may not be specific for diagnosis, the presence of a solid abdominal mass in female patients of reproductive age with a history of surgery is a diagnostic pointer.

Radiologic findings of abdominal wall endometriosis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seo, Jung Wook

2003-01-01

To evaluate the imaging findings of abdominal wall endometriosis. In seven of 17 patients with surgically proven endometriosis of the abdominal wall, we retrospectively reviewed the findings of radiologic studies such as abdominal US (n=3), CT (n=4), and MRI (n=1). One patient under went more than one type of imaging, apparently. The surgical history of the seven, and their symptoms and preoperative diagnosis were reviewed, and the size, location, margin and nature of the mass, and the contrast enhancement patterns observed at radiologic studies, were assessed. The chief symptoms were palpable abdominal wall mass (n=5) and lower abdominal pain (n=2) around a surgical scar. Previous surgery included cesarean section (n=5), cesarean section with oophorectomy (n=1) and appendectomy (n=1). Masses were located in the subcutaneous fat layer (n=5) or rectus abdominis muscle (n=2), and their maximum diameter was 2.6 cm. Imaging findings, which correlated closely with the pathologic findings, included a well (n=5) or poorly marginated (n=2) solid mass, with a focal cystic area apparent in two cases. Although imaging findings of abdominal wall endometriosis may not be specific for diagnosis, the presence of a solid abdominal mass in female patients of reproductive age with a history of surgery is a diagnostic pointer

Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms Rastreamento de aneurismas da aorta abdominal

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Telmo Pedro Bonamigo

2003-01-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms may be useful to decrease mortality related to rupture. We conducted a study to assess the prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms in southern Brazil and to define risk factors associated with high prevalence of this disorder. The screening was conducted using abdominal ultrasound. Three groups were studied: Group 1 - cardiology clinic patients; Group 2 - individuals with severe ischemic disease and previous coronary surgery, or important lesions on cardiac catheterism; Group 3 - individuals without cardiac disease selected from the general population. All individuals were male and older than 54 years of age. The ultrasonographic diagnosis of aneurysm was based on an anteroposterior abdominal aorta diameter of 3 cm, or on an abdominal aorta diameter 0.5 cm greater than that of the supra-renal aorta. RESULTS: A total of 2.281 people were screened for abdominal aortic aneurysms in all groups: Group 1 - 768 individuals, Group 2 - 501 individuals, and Group 3 - 1012 individuals. The prevalence of aneurysms was 4.3%, 6.8% and 1.7%, respectively. Age and cigarette smoking were significantly associated with increased prevalence of aneurysms, as was the diagnosis of peripheral artery disease. DISCUSSION: We concluded that screening may be an important tool to prevent the mortality associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms surgery. Additionally, the cost of screening can be decreased if only individuals presenting significant risk factors, such as coronary and peripheral artery disease, smokers and relatives of aneurysm patients, are examined.OBJETIVO E MÉTODOS: O rastreamento de aneurisma da aorta abdominal infra-renal é importante pois pode diminuir a mortalidade relacionada à ruptura. Realizamos um estudo para definir a prevalência desses aneurismas em diversos segmentos da população em nossa região do Brasil. O rastreamento foi realizado utilizando-se a ecografia de abdômen. Tr

Modelos de gestión de resultados: un estudio transnacional

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Nuria Reguera Alvarado

2015-01-01

Así pues, a partir de los modelos desarrollados en la literatura para cuantificar la discrecionalidad contable, el objetivo de este trabajo es determinar si alguno de estos modelos ofrece mejores resultados en cuanto a la cuantificación de la gestión del resultado a partir de las pruebas de especificación y potencia. Para ello se ha utilizado una muestra de 33.410 observaciones correspondientes a empresas no financieras de Estados Unidos, Canadá, Reino Unido, Corea, Japón, Italia, Alemania, Francia, España, Canadá y Australia que han cotizado en mercados de valores a lo largo del periodo 2005-2009. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto la superioridad del modelo de Jones ajustado al ROA con respecto al modelo de Jones y al modelo de Jones modificado.

MODELO PEDAGÓGICO PARA EL DESARROLLO DE COMPETENCIAS EN EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR (TEACHING MODEL FOR DEVELOPMENT COMPETITION IN HIGHER EDUCATION

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Carrera Hernández Celia

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Resumen:El presente artículo es resultado de una investigación que tuvo como propósito conocer el impacto de un modelo pedagógico para el desarrollo de competencias en educación superior (DECOES en el logro de la competencia para intervenir en grupos sociales vulnerables a partir de la solución de problemas. El modelo DECOES se diseñó a partir de la reflexión crítica de profesores y alumnos al identificar problemas y sugerir soluciones. Dicho modelo consta de fundamentos psicopedagógicos y socio filosóficos; además incluye aspectos sobre cómo establecer la relación y la práctica pedagógica. Se aplicó a los alumnos del segundo semestre de la Licenciatura en Intervención Educativa en una universidad pública del norte de México con un diseño cuasiexperimental. Para ello se utilizó un grupo experimental y uno control. En el experimental se utilizó una guía didáctica en la que se concretó el modelo. En el grupo control se desarrolló la práctica pedagógica tal como el profesor del grupo la tenía planeada en la que los alumnos solo exponían proyectos de intervención ya diseñados y aplicados por diversas instituciones. La competencia se evaluó mediante un esquema de pretest - postest. Se encontró que no existen diferencias significativas entre el grupo control y el experimental en el pretest; mientras que en el postest sí existen diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos. Se infiere que el modelo pedagógico DECOES tuvo efectos en el grupo experimental al favorecer el logro de la competencia.Abstract: This article is the result of a research which was aimed to ascertain the impact of a pedagogical model for developing skills in higher education (DECOES in achieving the power to intervene in vulnerable social groups from the solution of problems. DECOES model was designed from the critical reflection of teachers and students to identify problems and suggest solutions. This model consists of educational psychology

Abdominal compartment syndrome with acute reperfusion syndrome

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maleeva, A.

2017-01-01

Abdominal compartment syndrome was recognized clinically in the 19th century when Marey and Burt observed its association with declines in respiratory function. Abdominal compartment syndrome is first used as a medical terminology from Fietsman in a case of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. A condition caused by abnormally increased pressure within the abdomen. Causes of abdominal compartment syndrome include trauma, surgery, or infection. Common symptoms: abdominal distension, fast heart rate, insufficient urine production, or low blood pressure Medical procedure: nasogastric intubation Surgery: laparotomy Specialists: radiologist, primary care provider (PCP), surgeon, and emergency medicine doctor [6, 10]. Keywords: Stomach. Gastroparesis . Diabetes Mellitus [bg

Estimación de la viscosidad de escorias fayaliticas utilizando el modelo de cálculo kv y el método experimental del plano inclinado

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Bazán, V.

2006-04-01

Full Text Available The viscosity of the slags represents one of the most relevant variables of most of the processes metallurgical and kinetics of the refine operations, since it is one of the decisive factors of the efficiency in the reactions between metal and slag, as much as slag - refractory. In the last decades, the mathematical models of different metallurgical processes have established methods to predict viscosity of mixtures of oxides fused to high temperatures in function of the chemical composition. The model developed by Toguri, based on the data reported by Johasen and Winterhager et al has proposed the Kv model. The used index it is similar to the relationship used in the steel industry like the basicity index. It is presented in this work values determined of viscosity in experimental form by means of the technique of inclined plane.

La viscosidad de las escorias representa una de las variables más relevantes de la mayoría de los procesos metalúrgicos y cinética de las operaciones de refino, dado que es uno de los factores determinantes de la eficiencia en las reacciones entre metal y escoria, tanto como escoria-refractario. En las últimas décadas, los modelos matemáticos de diferentes procesos metalúrgicos han establecido métodos para predecir la viscosidad de mezclas de óxidos fundidos a altas temperaturas, en función de la composición química. El modelo Kv desarrollado por Toguri, basado en los datos ofrecidos por Johasen et. al. y Winterhager, ha propuesto la utilización de un índice (Kv similar a la relación usada en la industria del acero como el índice de basicidad. Se presentan, en este trabajo, valores de la viscosidad determinados en forma experimental mediante la técnica de plano inclinado.

Children's (Pediatric) Abdominal Ultrasound Imaging

Medline Plus

Full Text Available ... particularly valuable for evaluating abdominal, pelvic or scrotal pain in children. Preparation will depend on the type ... help a physician determine the source of abdominal pain, such as gallstones, kidney stones, abscesses or an ...

Abdominal epilepsy in a Nigerian child S

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Abdominal epilepsy is an exceptionally rare cause of abdominal pain that is more likely to ... We report on a child with episodic paroxysmal abdominal pain, accompanied by ... causes for the presenting complaints, work-up should proceed.

Modelo ENCUIST: aplicación al perfilado criminal

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Lucía Halty

2017-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo se encuentra dentro del marco de la Psicología Jurídica. Dentro de este ámbito uno de los aspectos que más interés suscita son los perfiles criminales. Se propone el modelo ENCUIST como modelo de personalidad para la realización del perfil indirecto de la personalidad, con la inclusión de las variables de extroversión/búsqueda de sensaciones, neuroticismo (ansiedad, ira y asco, insensibilidad emocional, impulsividad/agresividad y necesidad de cognición. Mediante la aplicación de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales se analiza tanto la influencia directa como indirecta de dichas variables en el modelo de Gray (BIS/BAS. La muestra está formada por 737 sujetos a los que se aplica el test de personalidad ENCUIST para evaluar los rasgos mencionados. Los resultados de la investigación se discuten a continuación.

DIEP breast reconstruction following multiple abdominal liposuction procedures

OpenAIRE

Farid, Mohammed; Nicholson, Simon; Kotwal, Ashutosh; Akali, Augustine

2014-01-01

Objective: Previous abdominal wall surgery is viewed as a contraindication to abdominal free tissue transfer. We present two patients who underwent multiple abdominal liposuction procedures, followed by successful free deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap. We review the literature pertaining to reliability of abdominal free flaps in those with previous abdominal surgery. Methods: Review of case notes and radiological investigations of two patients, and a PubMed search using the ter...

Recovery after abdominal wall reconstruction

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Kristian Kiim

2017-01-01

Incisional hernia is a common long-term complication to abdominal surgery, occurring in more than 20% of all patients. Some of these hernias become giant and affect patients in several ways. This patient group often experiences pain, decreased perceived body image, and loss of physical function......, which results in a need for surgical repair of the giant hernia, known as abdominal wall reconstruction. In the current thesis, patients with a giant hernia were examined to achieve a better understanding of their physical and psychological function before and after abdominal wall reconstruction. Study...... was lacking. Study II was a case-control study of the effects of an enhanced recovery after surgery pathway for patients undergoing abdominal wall reconstruction for a giant hernia. Sixteen consecutive patients were included prospectively after the implementation of a new enhanced recovery after surgery...

Abdominal angina

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Becker, G.J.; Stewart, J.; Holden, R.W.; Yune, H.Y.; Mail, J.T.; Klatte, E.C.

1988-01-01

Abdominal angina due to occlusive disease of the mesenteric arteries has been the to become clinically manifest only in the presence of severe disease in at least two of the following vessels: celiac, SMA, and IMA. Still, many patients who gradually develop significant two-vessel disease have few or no associated symptoms. Differences in collateral circulation and in cardiac index account for some of the clinical variation. The usual clinical manifestations include severe post-prandial pain, sitophobia (fear of eating because of the anticipated symptoms), and profound weight loss. Uncommonly, diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting may be encountered. Smoking is a common historical feature. Most series document a female predilection. Aside from occasional abdominal bruits and (more commonly) findings of peripheral vascular occlusive disease, the physical exam discloses only cachexia. But the differential diagnosis of profound weight loss is extensive. Therefore, abdominal angina has always created a diagnostic challenge. Multiple imaging modalities are often employed, and a seemingly negative evaluation often culminates in biplane aortography. The latter typically reveals stenoses and/or occlusions in at least two of the three mesenteric arteries. The authors discuss how a variety of surgical treatments, including thromboendarterectomy and bypass grafting, have evolved. Recently reported results have been excellent

Una taxonomía de modelos de desarrollo sustentable

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Darcy Tetreault

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Este ensayo pretende ayudar a desenmarañar una parte del discurso sobre desarrollo sustentable mediante la construcción de una taxonomía de modelos de desarrollo sustentable. La misma taxonomía se basa en una revisión literaria extensiva que en cierta medida privilegia la experiencia mexicana. De este modo, el ensayo presenta y compara tanto modelos normativos como positivos. Los modelos incluidos son el modelo dominante, el cual corresponde con la estrategia esbozada en el Informe Bruntland y Agenda 21; la ecología política, un modelo desarrollado por el economista francés Alain Lipietz; el modelo comunitario de desarrollo sustentable, cuyas raíces se encuentran en una escuela de pensamiento de la década de los setenta conocida como el “otro desarrollo”; el comercio justo, una experiencia cuyas raíces se encuentran en las comunidades indígenas de Oaxaca; la producción forestal industrial comunitaria, que ha sido puesta en práctica por varias comunidades forestales en el sur y el centro del país; el activismo ambiental, sobre todo respecto a los con- fl ictos locales que giran en torno al control de los recursos naturales; y la conservación basada en la comunidad, cuya manifestación principal es la reserva de la biosfera

Radiographic evaluation of foals and ponies with abdominal disorders. 2. Findings in 60 patients with acute abdominal discomfort

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gerhards, H.; Klein, H.J.; Offeney, F.

1990-01-01

A diagnostic approach based on clinical and radiographic examinations for evaluation of young foals and small ponies with acute abdominal discomfort is presented. Standing right to left lateral abdominal radiographs were taken of 54 foals and 6 ponies using a previously described technique. Interpretation of the radiographs was in conjuction with all clinical and laboratory findings and patient management. Using this approach, the site and cause of acute abdominal discomfort could be diagnosed accurately in 55 of 60 (91%) patients as confirmed by clinical, surgical or PM findings. Typical radiographs and photographs taken at surgery or at PM examination are presented. Typical radiographic findings, their interpretation and possible underlying gastrointestinal diseases are listed. It is concluded that the incorporation of standing lateral abdominal radiography in the clinical evaluation of foals and ponies with acute abdominal diseases gives findings of high diagnostic significance and should contribute to clinical decision-making, and that abdominal radiography can replace data from rectal palpation in foals and ponies

Transfer of Learning from Practicing Microvascular Anastomosis on Silastic Tubes to Rat Abdominal Aorta.

Science.gov (United States)

Mokhtari, Pooneh; Tayebi Meybodi, Ali; Lawton, Michael T; Payman, Andre; Benet, Arnau

2017-12-01

Learning to perform microvascular anastomosis is difficult. Laboratory practice models using artificial vessels are frequently used for this purpose. However, the efficacy of such practice models has not been objectively assessed for the performance of microvascular anastomosis during live surgical settings. This study was conducted to assess the transfer of learning from practicing microvascular anastomosis on tubes to anastomosing rat abdominal aorta. Ten surgeons without any experience in microvascular anastomosis were randomly assigned to an experimental or a control group. Both groups received didactic and visual training on end-to-end microvascular anastomosis. The experimental group received 24 sessions of hands-on training on microanastomosis using Silastic tubes. Next, both groups underwent recall tests on weeks 1, 2, and 8 after training. The recall test consisted of completing an end-to-end anastomosis on the rat's abdominal aorta. Anastomosis score, the time to complete the anastomosis, and the average time to place 1 stitch on the vessel perimeter were compared between the 2 groups. Compared with the control group, the experimental group did significantly better in terms of anastomosis score, total time, and per-stitch time. The measured variables showed stability and did not change significantly between the 3 recall tests. The skill of microvascular anastomosis is transferred from practicing on Silastic tubes to rat's abdominal aorta. Considering the relative advantages of Silastic tubes to live rodent surgeries, such as lower cost and absence of ethical issues, our results support the widespread use of Silastic tubes in training programs for microvascular anastomosis. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Experimental model of smoking and simulation of reflux with acid and pepsin in rats Modelo experimental de tabagismo e simulação de refluxo com ácido e pepsina em ratos

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José Hélio Zen Junior

2012-01-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To develop experimental models to evaluate the effects of hydrochloric acid associated with the pepsin instilled in the mucosa of the upper esophagus and the esophagogastric junction of young male rats Wistar, simulating injury caused by gastroesophageal reflux on the mucosa of aero-digestive tract in humans as well as the action of the risk exposure of mucosa to cigarette smoke. METHODS: Fifty young male Wistar rats divided in 5 groups with 10 animals each one, respectively simulating pharyngo-laryngeal reflux and gastroesophageal reflux, pharyngo-laryngeal reflux and smoking, smoking only, gastroesophageal reflux and control group. RESULTS: The histopathologic studies no recorded neoplasias, only mild changes and no significant alterations. The hemo-oximetry (carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobim and CO2 concentration confirm that the animals were submitted to high intensity of exposure to carcinogens in tobacco and its derivatives. CONCLUSION: The experimental models were highly efficient, practical, easy to use and economical and can be employed in other similar studies to determine the harmful effects by smoking and reflux.OBJETIVO: Desenvolver modelos experimentais para avaliar os efeitos do ácido clorídrico associado a pepsina, instilados na mucosa da parte superior do esôfago e da junção esofagogástrica de jovens ratos Wistar, simulando lesão causada por refluxo gastroesofágico na mucosa do trato aero-digestivo em humanos, bem como a ação da exposição ao risco de mucosa, como a fumaça de cigarro. MÉTODOS: Cinqüenta jovens ratos Wistar divididos em cinco grupos com 10 animais cada um, respectivamente, simulando o refluxo faringo-laríngeo e refluxo gastroesofágico, refluxo faringo-laríngeo e tabagismo, tabagismo só, refluxo gastroesofágico e grupo controle. RESULTADOS: os estudos histopatológicos não registraram neoplasias, apenas leves alterações e não significativas. O hemo-oximetria (carboxiemoglobina e

Abdominal fat thickness measurement using Focused Impedance Method (FIM) - phantom study

Science.gov (United States)

Haowlader, Salahuddin; Baig, Tanveer Noor; Siddique-e Rabbani, K.

2010-04-01

Abdominal fat thickness is a risk indicator of heart diseases, diabetes, etc., and its measurement is therefore important from the point of view of preventive care. Tetrapolar electrical impedance measurements (TPIM) could offer a simple and low cost alternative for such measurement compared to conventional techniques using CT scan and MRI, and has been tried by different groups. Focused Impedance Method (FIM) appears attractive as it can give localised information. An intuitive physical model was developed and experimental work was performed on a phantom designed to simulate abdominal subcutaneous fat layer in a body. TPIM measurements were performed with varying electrode separations. For small separations of current and potential electrodes, the measured impedance changed little, but started to decrease sharply beyond a certain separation, eventually diminishing gradually to negligible values. The finding could be explained using the intuitive physical model and gives an important practical information. TPIM and FIM may be useful for measurement of SFL thickness only if the electrode separations are within a certain specific range, and will fail to give reliable results if beyond this range. Further work, both analytical and experimental, are needed to establish this technique on a sound footing.

Calculo y comparacion de la prima de un reaseguro de salud usando el modelo de opciones de Black-Scholes y el modelo actuarial

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Luis Eduardo Giron

2015-12-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación pretende calcular y comparar la prima de un reaseguro  usando el modelo de opciones de Black-Scholes y el modelo clásico actuarial tradicional. El período de análisis va desde enero de 2011 hasta diciembre de 2012. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el modelo de Black-Scholes, que se utiliza normalmente para valorar opciones financieras, puede ser también usado para la estimación de primas de reaseguros de salud; y que la prima neta estimada a partir de este modelo se aproxima a las establecidas por el método actuarial, excepto cuando el deducible del reaseguro es muy alto (por encima de $200.000.000.

Abdominal Pain

Science.gov (United States)

... I find more information and related topics? Functional Abdominal Pain (English, French or Spanish)—from The North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (NASPGHAN). Gastro Kids , a ...

Efeito dos ácidos hialurônicos como condroprotetores em modelo experimental de osteoartrose

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Marcello Zaia Oliveira

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: analisar os efeitos do ácido hialurônico de diferentes pesos moleculares em modelo experimental de osteoartrose em coelhos. Métodos: foram alojados de modo aleatório 44 coelhos da raça California, machos, em três grupos (PR, S e P e submetidos a ressecção do ligamento cruzado anterior do joelho direito. Decorridas três semanas do procedimento cirúrgico iniciaram-se as três injeções intra-articulares semanais de ácido hialurônico nativo (Polireumin®-PR, ácido hialurônico de cadeia ramificada (Synvisc®-S e soro fisiológico 0,9%-P. Todos os animais foram sacrificados após 12 semanas do ato cirúrgico e os platôs tibiais dos joelhos infiltrados foram dissecados. Cortes histológicos da cartilagem das áreas de apoio com maior espessura dos platôs tibiais foram corados com Alcian Blue pH = 1,0, Alcian Blue pH = 2,5 e Azul de Toluidina para pesquisa da quantidade de proteoglicanos. A intensidade de coloração foi quantificada em um aparelho de microscopia ZeissImager Z2 Metasystems e analisada pelo software MetaferMsearch. A análise estatística consistiu no uso dos testes Kolmorov-Smirnov, análise de variância (Anova, t de Student e qui-quadrado. O nível de significância usado foi de 5%. Resultado: o efeito condroprotetor dos ácidos hialurônicos usados no estudo foi demonstrado quando comparado ao do grupo controle, porém, feita a comparação entre si, não houve diferença estatística quanto à condroproteção. Conclusão: os ácidos hialurônicos testados obtiveram efeito condroprotetor, sem diferença estatística com relação aos diferentes pesos moleculares.

Evaluation of Forty-Nine Patients with Abdominal Tuberculosis

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Murat Kilic

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Aim: Abdominal tuberculosis is an uncommon form of extrapulmonary infection. In this study, we aimed to highlight the nonspecific clinical presentations and diagnostic difficulties of abdominal tuberculosis. Material and Method: Clinical features, diagnostic methods, and the therapeutic outcomes of 49 patients diagnosed as abdominal tuberculosis between 2003 and 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The patients were classified into four subgroups including peritoneal (28, nodal (14, intestinal (5, and solid organ tuberculosis (2. The most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain, abdominal distention and fatique. Ascites appeared to be the most frequent clinical finding. Ascites and enlarged abdominal lymph nodes were the most frequent findings on ultrasonography and tomography. Diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis was mainly depended on histopathology of ascitic fluid and biopsies from peritoneum, abdominal lymph nodes or colonoscopic materials. Forty patients healed with standart 6-month therapy while extended treatment for 9-12 months was needed in 8 whom had discontinued drug therapy and had persistent symptoms and signs. One patient died within the treatment period due to disseminated infection. Discussion: The diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis is often difficult due to diverse clinical presentations. The presence of ascites, personal/familial/contact history of tuberculosis, and coexisting active extraabdominal tuberculosis are the most significant marks in diagnosis. Diagnostic laparoscopy and tissue sampling seem to be the best diagnostic approach for abdominal tuberculosis.

Empirical models to predict soil nitrogen mineralization Modelos empíricos para a predição da mineralização do nitrogênio do solo

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Flávio Anastácio de Oliveira Camargo

2002-06-01

Full Text Available Empirical models are mathematical equations that can be fitted to experimental results. The use of these models aims to evaluate or predict observed phenomena or experimental data with the objective of helping the development of adequate soil management practices. Based on these considerations, eight mathematical models described in the literature are compared in the present work, using as experimental data the mineral N accumulated during 32 weeks of incubation in Southern Brazilian soils. To obtain mineralization values experimentally, an incubation-washing procedure with 0.01mol L-1 CaCl2 was used. Mineral N was determined at the beginning of the incubation and in the 2nd, 4th, 8th, 16th and 32nd weeks. Among the models, the best fit was obtained with the simple exponential model to describe the mineralization of organic N in the soils. The double exponential models showed quite good fit, but may be superparametrized. In addition, the hypothesis on which these models are based, i.e., the presence of two forms of organic N susceptible to mineralization, cannot be sustained in this study.Modelos empíricos são equações matemáticas que podem ser ajustadas a resultados experimentais. Esses modelos podem ser utilizados para avaliar ou predizer fenômenos observados ou dados experimentais e auxiliar no desenvolvimento de práticas adequadas de manejo do solo. Desse modo, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo comparar oito modelos matemáticos descritos na literatura, utilizando como dados experimentais o N mineralizado de dez solos do Rio Grande do Sul, acumulado durante 32 semanas de incubação. O N mineralizado foi obtido experimentalmente em um experimento de incubação, seguido de lixiviação com CaCl2 0,01mol L-1. O N mineral foi determinado no começo do período de incubação e ao final da 2ª, 4ª, 8ª, 16ª e 32ª semanas. Entre os modelos testados, o melhor ajuste do N mineralizado foi obtido com os modelos exponenciais simples

Thermography Examination of Abdominal Area Skin Temperatures in Individuals With and Without Focal-Onset Epilepsy.

Science.gov (United States)

King, Hollis H; Cayce, Charles Thomas; Herrin, Jeph

Early osteopathic theory and practice, and the work of the medical intuitive Edgar Cayce suggested that the abdominal areas of individuals with epilepsy would manifest "cold spots." The etiology for this phenomenon was thought to be abdominal adhesions caused by inflammation and viscero-somatic reflexes caused by adhesions or injury to visceral or musculoskeletal system structures. Indeed, until that advent of electroencephalography in the 1930s, medical practice regarding epilepsy focused on abdominal neural and visceral structures. Following two hypotheses were formulated to evaluate any abdominal temperature phenomena: (1) an abdominal quadrant division analysis would find one or more quadrants "colder" in the focal-onset epilepsy group (ICD9-CM 345.4 and 345.5) compared to controls. (2) Total abdominal areas of individuals with focal-onset epilepsy wound be colder than a control group. Overall, 50 patients with the diagnosis of focal-onset epilepsy were recruited from the office of the Epilepsy Foundation of Florida and 50 control subjects with no history of epilepsy were recruited through advertising to the public. Under controlled room conditions all subjects had infrared thermographic images made and recorded by Med-Hot Model MH-731 FLIR equipment. There were no significant demographic difference between experimental patients and control subjects, though the control group tended to be younger and more often male; however, these were controlled for in all analyses. In the quadrant analysis, there were significant differences in that more epileptic patients had colder left upper abdominal quadrant temperatures than the control group (66.8% versus 44.9%; P = .030). In the total abdominal analysis, however, there were no significant differences. The results support the hypothesis that individuals with focal-onset epilepsy have colder abdominal areas. If substantiated in further research, present study results will require further examination of the mechanisms of

Holochilus brasiliensis nanus Thomas, 1897: sugestão de modelo experimental para filariose, leishmaniose e esquistossomose Holochilus brasiliensis nanus Thomas, 1897: as an experimental model for filariasis, leishmaniasis and schistosomiasis

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Othon de Carvalho Bastos

1984-12-01

Full Text Available Roedores silvestres, classificados como Holochilus brasiliensis nanus Thomas,1897, foram capturados na cidade de São Bento, pertencente à Região da Baixada, do Estado do Maranhão, Brasil, naturalmente infectados com formas adultas de filaria, na cavidade peritoneal, e microfilárias sangüíneas, assim como, com esquistossoma mansoni (vermes adultos e granulomas peri-ovulares hepáticos; intestinais; pulmonares; esplênicos e pancreáticos. Animais nascidos em Biotério, descendentes de Holochilus da Região da Baixada, foram infectados experimentalmente com Leishmania m. amazonensis e Schistosoma mansoni. Em observações semanais, foram encontradas lesões teciduais, semelhantes às que se desenvolvem em hamsters infectados com Leishmania, e hipergamaglobulinemia. Nos esquistossomóticos, foram constatadas hipergamaglobulinemia e reações granulomatosas similares às encontradas nos animais infectados naturalmente. Foram observadas, também, lesões hepática graves, semelhantes às encontradas na esquistossomose humana. Estes achados sugerem a utilização do Holochilus b. nanus como modelo experimental destas três doenças tropicais.Wild rodents classified as Holochilus brasiliensis nanus THOMAS, 1897, were captured in Lowland Region of State of Maranhão-Brazil. Natural infection by schistosome and filaria was detected in the most of these animals. Rodents born in the Animal House of the University of Maranhão were experimentally infected with Leishmania mexicana amazonensis or Schistosoma mansoni. Pathological aspects of leishmaniasis in these animals were found similar to that found in hamsters infected with Leishmania. Severe hepatic lesions were found in the animals infected with schistosome similar to that seen in human infection. These findings suggest the utilization of this animal as an experimental model of filariasis, leishmaniasis and schistosomiasis.

A Newborn With Abdominal Pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Alwan, Riham; Drake, Meredith; Gurria Juarez, Juan; Emery, Kathleen H; Shaaban, Aimen F; Szabo, Sara; Sobolewski, Brad

2017-11-01

A previously healthy 3-week-old boy presented with 5 hours of marked fussiness, abdominal distention, and poor feeding. He was afebrile and well perfused. His examination was remarkable for localized abdominal tenderness and distention. He was referred to the emergency department in which an abdominal radiograph revealed gaseous distention of the bowel with a paucity of gas in the pelvis. Complete blood cell count and urinalysis were unremarkable. His ongoing fussiness and abnormal physical examination prompted consultation with surgery and radiology. Our combined efforts ultimately established an unexpected diagnosis. Copyright © 2017 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

Terapia cognitivo-comportamental da fobia social: modelos e técnicas

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Gustavo J. Fonseca D'El Rey

2006-08-01

Full Text Available A fobia social é um dos transtornos mentais mais prevalentes na população geral. As principais formas de tratamento são a psicoterapia e a farmacoterapia. Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma breve revisão bibliográfica dos mais importantes modelos e técnicas cognitivas e comportamentais da fobia social. Os modelos antigos - modelo de déficit de habilidades sociais, modelo de crenças irracionais, modelo da vulnerabilidade cognitiva e os modelos integrativos - serão revisados brevemente. Serão apresentadas as técnicas de tratamento - como a exposição, reestruturação cognitiva, técnicas de relaxamento e treino de habilidades sociais. Estudos de metaanálise sobre a eficácia da terapia cognitivo-comportamental no tratamento da fobia social também serão descritos.La fobia social es uno de los trastornos mentales más prevalentes en la población general. Las principales formas de tratamiento son la psicoterapia y la farmacoterapia. Este artículo posee como objetivo realizar una breve revisión bibliográfica de los más importantes modelos y técnicas cognitivas y comportamentales de la fobia social. Los modelos antiguos - modelo de déficit de habilidades sociales, modelo de creencias irracionales, modelo de la vulnerabilidad cognitiva y los modelos integrativos - serán revisados brevemente. Serán presentadas las técnicas de tratamiento - como la exposición, reestructuración cognitiva, técnicas de relajamiento y entrenamiento de habilidades sociales. Estudios de metaanálisis sobre la eficacia de la terapia cognitivo-comportamental en el tratamiento de la fobia social también serán descritos.Social phobia is a widespread mental disorder in the general population. The main forms of treatment are psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. This article has as objective to carry out a brief bibliographical review of the most important cognitive and behavior models and techniques of social phobia. The old models - social

Acute abdomen in children due to extra-abdominal causes.

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Tsalkidis, Aggelos; Gardikis, Stefanos; Cassimos, Dimitrios; Kambouri, Katerina; Tsalkidou, Evanthia; Deftereos, Savas; Chatzimichael, Athanasios

2008-06-01

Acute abdominal pain in children is a common cause for referral to the emergency room and for subsequent hospitalization to pediatric medical or surgical departments. There are rare occasions when the abdominal pain is derived from extra-abdominal organs or systems. The aim of the present study was to establish the most common extra-abdominal causes of acute abdominal pain. The notes of all children (1 month-14 years of age) examined for acute abdominal pain in the Accident and Emergency (A&E) Department of Alexandroupolis District University Hospital in January 2001-December 2005 were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic data, clinical signs and symptoms, and laboratory findings were recorded, as well as the final diagnosis and outcome. Of a total number of 28 124 children who were brought to the A&E department, in 1731 the main complaint was acute abdominal pain. In 51 children their symptoms had an extra-abdominal cause, the most frequent being pneumonia (n = 15), tonsillitis (n = 10), otitis media (n = 9), and acute leukemia (n = 5). Both abdominal and extra-abdominal causes should be considered by a pediatrician who is confronted with a child with acute abdominal pain.

Modelo de conductancia hidráulica de la dentina humana ex vivo

OpenAIRE

Hevia, J.; Fresno, C.; Martín, J.; Moncada, G.; Letelier, C.; Oliveira Junior, O.B.; Fernández, E.

2013-01-01

El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue montar y probar un modelo experimental para medir la conductancia hidráulica de la dentina ex vivo. Diecisiete terceros molares sanos, con indicación de exodoncia, de donantes sanos de edades entre 15 y 30 años fueron obtenidos mediante consentimiento informado. Luego de limpiarlos, desinfectarlos, incluirlos en resina epóxica y cortarlos se obtuvieron 17 muestras de dentina, correspondiente a un disco de resina con un corte coronal de diente que pres...

Automated segmentation and recognition of abdominal wall muscles in X-ray torso CT images and its application in abdominal CAD

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhou, X.; Kamiya, N.; Hara, T.; Fujita, H.; Chen, H.; Yokoyama, R.; Hoshi, H.

2007-01-01

The information of abdominal wall is very important for the planning of surgical operation and abdominal organ recognition. In research fields of computer assisted radiology and surgery and computer-aided diagnosis, the segmentation and recognition of the abdominal wall muscles in CT images is a necessary pre-processing step. Due to the complexity of the abdominal wall structure and indistinctive in CT images, the automated segmentation of abdominal wall muscles is a difficult issue and has not been solved completely. We propose an approach to segment the abdominal wall muscles and divide it into three categories (front abdominal muscles including rectus abdominis; left and right side abdominal muscles including external oblique, internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles) automatically. The approach, first, makes an initial classification of bone, fat, and muscles and organs based on the CT number. Then a layer structure is generated to describe the 3-D anatomical structures of human torso by stretching the torso region onto a thin-plate for easy recognition. The abdominal wall muscles are recognized on the layer structures using the spatial relations to the skeletal structure and CT numbers. Finally, the recognized regions are mapped back to the 3-D CT images using an inverse transformation of the stretching process. This method is applied to 20 cases of torso CT images and evaluations are based on visual comparison of the recognition results and the original CT images by an expert in anatomy. The results show that our approach can segment and recognize abdominal wall muscle regions effectively. (orig.)

[Clinical Approach to Abdominal Pain as Functional Origin].

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Ryu, Han Seung; Choi, Suck Chei

2018-02-25

Abdominal pain is a common symptom that patients refer to a hospital. Organic causes should be differentiated in patients with abdominal pain and treatment should be administered in accordance with the causes. A meticulous history taking and physical examination are highly useful in making a diagnosis, and blood tests, imaging modalities, and endoscopy are useful for confirming diagnosis. However, in many cases, patients have functional disorders with no obvious abnormal findings obtained even if many diagnostic tests are performed. Patients with functional disorders usually complain the vague abdominal pain located in the center and other portions of the abdominal area. Although the most representative disease is irritable bowel syndrome, functional abdominal pain syndrome is currently researched as a new disease entity of functional abdominal pain. As various receptors related to functional abdominal pain have been discovered, drugs associated with those receptors are used to treat the disorders, and additional new drugs are vigorously developed. In addition, medical therapy with pharmacological or non-pharmacological psychiatric treatment is effective for treating functional abdominal pain.

Armonización de modelos de calidad del software

OpenAIRE

Gabriel Alberto Garcia Mireles; Felix Oscar Garcia Rubio

2013-01-01

La tendencia actual entre las organizaciones que desarrollan software es la adopción de más de un modelo de calidad para estar en condiciones de competir en diversos sectores del mercado. En esa situación, las organizaciones se enfrentan al problema de coordinar la implantación de múltiples modelos de tal manera que cada modelo logre los beneficios esperados, y al mismo tiempo, que los costos y esfuerzo de implantación sean mínimos. Como respuesta a este problema, surge la armonización de mod...

Estudio de distintos modelos de protuberancias solares

Science.gov (United States)

Cirigliano, D.; Rovira, M.; Mauas, P.

En este trabajo presentamos perfiles de líneas del CaII, MgII y HeI calculados para distintos modelos de protuberancias, y los comparamos con observaciones obtenidas por los satélites OSO 8 y SOHO. Para obtener las poblaciones de los distintos niveles de los átomos, utilizamos un código numérico que combina las ecuaciones de transporte de radiación y equilibrio estadístico en un único sistema de ecuaciones no lineal. Los modelos básicos que consideramos para las protuberancias consisten en placas homogéneas y unidimensionales apoyadas sobre la superficie del Sol. Dichas placas se hallan estratificadas en hebras y los modelos difieren entre sí en la temperatura y ancho de la placa, en la presión a la cual se halla el plasma y en el número de hebras. A partir de estos modelos se investiga cada uno de estos parámetros libres y como influyen en la atmósfera de las protuberancias solares y en el perfil de línea de cada especie estudiada, con el objetivo de determinar las condiciones en las que se halla el material atmosférico de estas protuberancias.

MODELO PARA LA INTEROPERABILIDAD DE CONTENIDOS EDUCATIVOS EN DIVERSAS PLATAFORMAS

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Adriana Xiomara Reyes-Gamboa

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta los resultados del proyecto de interoperabilidad entre plataformas “diseño de un modelo para la interoperabilidad de contenidos educativos en las diversas plataformas basadas en la nube”, el cual busca el correcto despliegue de contenidos audiovisuales en las diferentes plataformas de los dispositivos, el modelo desarrollado se basó en una caracterización de cada una de las plataformas en busca de funcionalidades comunes entre ellas. Este modelo fue validado mediante un caso práctico donde un grupo de personas utilizo el modelo y evaluó su desempeño y despliegue de los contenidos en cada uno de los dispositivos

Variable versus conventional lung protective mechanical ventilation during open abdominal surgery (PROVAR): a randomised controlled trial

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Spieth, P. M.; Güldner, A.; Uhlig, C.; Bluth, T.; Kiss, T.; Conrad, C.; Bischlager, K.; Braune, A.; Huhle, R.; Insorsi, A.; Tarantino, F.; Ball, L.; Schultz, M. J.; Abolmaali, N.; Koch, T.; Pelosi, P.; Gama de Abreu, M.

2018-01-01

Experimental studies showed that controlled variable ventilation (CVV) yielded better pulmonary function compared to non-variable ventilation (CNV) in injured lungs. We hypothesized that CVV improves intraoperative and postoperative respiratory function in patients undergoing open abdominal surgery.

Sorption of carbohydrates following the whole-body irradiation and irradiation of the abdominal cavity (Experimental investigation)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Neumeister, K.; Koch, F.; Mehlgorn, G.; Panndorf, H.; Iohannsen, U.

1974-01-01

Experiments were conducted to determine the effect of fractionated irradiation of the abdominal cavity and the whole body on carbohydrate absorption. It was found that enhanced D-xylose absorption is a function of dose. The relationship between impairment of absorption and the severity of clinical, pathomorphological and roentgenological changes was noted. (V.A.P.)

Interferon gamma increases survival in urine experimental cryptococcosis El Interferon gamma incrementa la sobrevida de un modelo experimental murino de criptococosis

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Amadeo J. Bava

1995-10-01

Full Text Available Systemic disease by Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans is a common opportunistic infection in immunodeficient patients. Cellular immunity seems to be the most important determinant of resistance. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of recombinant rat interferon gamma (IFN-gamma in murine cryptococcosis (Balb/c mice infected by IP route with the Rivas strain of C. neoformans, evaluating survival time, macroscopic and microscopic examination of the organs, and massive seeding of brain homogenate. IFN-gamma treatment, at a daily dose of 10,000 IU, did not modify significantly these variables when mice were challenged with a high inoculum (10(7 yeasts and treatment was delayed to 5 days after infection (median survival 21 days in control mice vs. 23 days in IFN-treated. Another set of experiments suggested that IFN-gamma treatment, at a dose of 10,000 IU/day, begun at the moment of infection could be useful (it prolonged survival from 20 to 28 days, although the difference did not achieve statistical signification. When used simultaneously with infection by 3.5 x 10(5 yeasts, IFN-gamma at 10,000 IU/day for 15 days significantly prolonged survival of mice (p = 0.004. These results suggest that, depending on the experimental conditions, IFN-gamma can improve survival of mice infected with a lethal dose of C. neoformans.Se evaluó la efectividad del interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma recombinante de rata en un modelo experimental de criptococosis desarollado en ratones Balb/C inoculados por vía intraperitoneal con la cepa Rivas de Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans. Se tuvieron en cuenta el tiempo de sobrevida de los animales, el aspecto macroscópico de los órganos en la autopsia, la presencia de levaduras capsuladas en los tejidos y la siembra masiva de un homogenato de cerebro. El tratamiento con IFN-gamma, en dosis diarias de 10.000 UI, no modificó estos parámetros cuando la dosis infectante fue de 10(7 levaduras y el tratamiento se

Prevalência e fatores associados à obesidade abdominal em adolescentes Prevalencia y factores asociados a la obesidad abdominal en adolescentes Prevalence of abdominal obesity and associated factors in adolescents

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Marcelo Romanzini

2011-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar a prevalência de obesidade abdominal e sua associação com fatores demográficos, econômicos e estilo de vida em adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal conduzido em 644 adolescentes (397 do sexo feminino e 247 do masculino, de 15 a 19 anos. Foram coletadas informações demográficas (sexo e idade, econômicas (nível econômico e comportamentais (atividade física, alimentação, tabagismo e etilismo. A obesidade abdominal (desfecho foi determinada com base em pontos de corte para a circunferência de cintura, específicos ao sexo e à idade. A análise multivariada foi realizada por meio de regressão logística, estimando-se Odds Ratios (OR brutas e ajustadas, com intervalo de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de obesidade abdominal foi de 7,5%. Adolescentes do sexo masculino (OR 2,34; IC95% 1,27-4,32, de nível econômico intermediário (OR 2,89; IC95% 1,35-6,19 e alto (OR 2,98; IC95% 1,31-6,77 e que consumiam bebida alcoólica de forma abusiva (OR 2,12; IC95% 1,10-4,09 apresentaram maior chance de possuírem obesidade abdominal. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de obesidade abdominal foi baixa em comparação aos estudos internacionais. Ademais, encontrou-se que o sexo, o nível econômico e o consumo abusivo de álcool se associaram à obesidade abdominal.OBJETIVO: Verificar la prevalencia de obesidad abdominal y su asociación con factores demográficos, económicos y estilo de vida en adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal conducido en 644 adolescentes (397 del sexo masculino y 247 del femenino de 15 a 18 años. Se recogieron informaciones demográficas (sexo, edad, económicas (nivel económico y comportamentales (actividad física, alimentación, tabaquismo, alcoholismo. La obesidad abdominal (desfecho fue determinada con base en puntos de corte para la circunferencia de la cintura, específicos al sexo y la edad. El análisis multivariado se realizó mediante regresión logística, estimando

Validación del modelo expo-lineal precipitación-escurrimiento en un simulador de lluvia

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Fernando Paz

2017-10-01

Full Text Available La necesidad de desarrollar métodos simplificados, operativos y coherentes para modelar la relación precipitación-escurrimiento a escala de eventos, permanece como uno de los grandes retos en el campo de la hidrología. Si bien existen propuestas simples de modelación como el método del Número de Curva o NC, sus bases teóricas no tienen fundamentos hidrológicos. La ventaja del método del NC es que solo requiere de un parámetro, lo cual lo hace muy atractivo en las aplicaciones. En este trabajo se analizan las bases del método del NC. Los resultados muestran que estos intentos simplificados de modelación están limitados. Por otro lado, el modelo expo-lineal de Paz (2013 es flexible en términos empíricos. Las bases teóricas de este modelo son discutidas en términos de la hidrología de área variable, en un formato suficientemente general para hacer solido su uso. El modelo se aplicó a un experimento en un simulador de lluvias con lotes de escurrimiento con diferentes tipos de suelo y coberturas aéreas de pastos. Los resultados mostraron un buen ajuste experimental a los datos, particularmente en términos de parametrizar el modelo expo-lineal en forma similar al método del NC. De estos desarrollos, se presenta un esquema de estimación de los parámetros del modelo expo-lineal que se puede usar en forma equivalente, por su simplicidad al tener un solo parámetro libre, al método del NC.

Effect of abdominal resistance exercise on abdominal subcutaneous fat of obese women: a randomized controlled trial using ultrasound imaging assessments.

Science.gov (United States)

Kordi, Ramin; Dehghani, Saeed; Noormohammadpour, Pardis; Rostami, Mohsen; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali

2015-01-01

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of diet and an abdominal resistance training program to diet alone on abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness and waist circumference of overweight and obese women. This randomized clinical trial included 40 overweight and obese women randomly divided into 2 groups: diet only and diet combined with 12 weeks of abdominal resistance training. Waist and hip circumferences and abdominal skin folds of the subjects were measured at the beginning and 12 weeks after the interventions. In addition, abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness of the subjects was measured using ultrasonography. Percentage body fat and lean body mass of all the subjects were also measured using a bioelectric impedance device. After 12 weeks of intervention, the weight of participants in both groups decreased; but the difference between the 2 groups was not significant (P = .45). Similarly, other variables including abdominal subcutaneous fat, waist circumference, hip circumference, body mass index, body fat percentage, and skin fold thickness were reduced in both groups; but there were no significant differences between the groups. This study found that abdominal resistance training besides diet did not reduce abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness compared to diet alone in overweight or obese women. Copyright © 2015 National University of Health Sciences. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Economics of abdominal wall reconstruction.

Science.gov (United States)

Bower, Curtis; Roth, J Scott

2013-10-01

The economic aspects of abdominal wall reconstruction are frequently overlooked, although understandings of the financial implications are essential in providing cost-efficient health care. Ventral hernia repairs are frequently performed surgical procedures with significant economic ramifications for employers, insurers, providers, and patients because of the volume of procedures, complication rates, the significant rate of recurrence, and escalating costs. Because biological mesh materials add significant expense to the costs of treating complex abdominal wall hernias, the role of such costly materials needs to be better defined to ensure the most cost-efficient and effective treatments for ventral abdominal wall hernias. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Perforated peptic ulcer associated with abdominal compartment syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Lynn, Jiun-Jen; Weng, Yi-Ming; Weng, Chia-Sui

2008-11-01

Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is defined as an increased intra-abdominal pressure with adverse physiologic consequences. Abdominal compartment syndrome caused by perforated peptic ulcer is rare owing to early diagnosis and management. Delayed recognition of perforated peptic ulcer with pneumoperitoneum, bowel distension, and decreased abdominal wall compliance can make up a vicious circle and lead to ACS. We report a case of perforated peptic ulcer associated with ACS. A 74-year-old man with old stroke and dementia history was found to have distended abdomen, edema of bilateral legs, and cyanosis. Laboratory tests revealed deterioration of liver and kidney function. Abdominal compartment syndrome was suspected, and image study was arranged to find the cause. The study showed pneumoperitoneum, contrast stasis in heart with decreased caliber of vessels below the abdominal aortic level, and diffuse lymphedema at the abdominal walls. Emergent laparotomy was performed. Perforated peptic ulcer was noted and the gastrorrhaphy was done. The symptoms, and liver and kidney function improved right after emergent operation.

Imaging in Tuberculosis abdominal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suarez, Tatiana; Garcia, Vanessa; Tamara, Estrada; Acosta, Federico

2010-01-01

In this article we illustrate and discuss imaging features resulting from Tuberculosis abdominal affectation. We present patients evaluated with several imaging modalities who had abdominal symptoms and findings suggestive of granulomatous disease. Diagnosis was confirm including hystopatology and clinical outgoing. Cases involved presented many affected organs such as lymphatic system, peritoneum, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, ureters, adrenal glands and pelvic organs Tuberculosis, Tuberculosis renal, Tuberculosis hepatic, Tuberculosis splenic Tomography, x-ray, computed

EFFECTIVENESS OF SCHEDULED AMBULATION ON EARLY POSTOPERATIVE OUTCOME AMONG PATIENTS WHO HAVE UNDERGONE ABDOMINAL HYSTERECTOMY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rinku Girija

2017-01-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND Abdominal hysterectomy is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in women. The non-ambulatory postoperative period is a high risk period for the development of various complications like wound infection, venous stasis, lower respiratory infection, secondary haemorrhage, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, paralytic ileus etc. Prolonged surgery, delayed ambulation and not feeding the patient within 48 hours of surgery are often associated with post-operative morbidity and mortality. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of Scheduled Ambulation on early post-operative outcome among patients undergone abdominal hysterectomy by introduction of Scheduled Ambulation from second day of surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Method used is quantitative and quasi experimental post-test control method. Scheduled ambulation technique and pattern were taught pre operatively to 35 patients consecutively selected from general and post-operative ward who formed the experimental group. They were given scheduled ambulation from second to fifth post-operative days and results analysed. Another 35 patients taken as control were given the routine post-operative care. Data Analysis- was performed using SPSS version 17.0. Between group comparisons, quantitative variables analysed by Chisquare test p value >0, 05 considered significant. RESULTS The indication of hysterectomy was fibroid uterus in 80% of the control group and 88, 6% of the experimental group. 51.4% of the hysterectomies were encountered in the age group 40-49 years. There was a statistically significant reduction in the severity of pain, fatigue, postural hypotension and risk for developing Deep vein thrombosis in the experimental group on practicing Scheduled Ambulation from second to fifth post-operative days. CONCLUSION Scheduled ambulation helped the abdominal hysterectomy patients to recover from fatigue, pain, postural hypotension and risk for Deep vein thrombosis

The effects of reflexology on anxiety and pain in patients after abdominal hysterectomy: A randomised controlled trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Öztürk, Ruşen; Sevil, Ümran; Sargin, Asuman; Yücebilgin, M Sait

2018-02-01

This study aimed at finding out the effects of reflexology on pain, anxiety levels after abdominal hysterectomy. The study was performed on women hospitalized in the intensive care unit and gynecology services of Ege University Hospital in İzmir after abdominal hysterectomy between September 2013 and September 2014. This study was designed and conducted as a randomized controlled trial. The study sample consisted of 63 female patients: 32 in the experimental group and 31 in the control group. The postoperative daily monitoring sheet, Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory (SAI), was employed to collect research data and "visual analog scale" to evaluate pain levels. The female patients' average age was found to be 47.23 ± 4.71. The three-day monitoring showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of average pain levels and anxiety scores after reflexology (p oot reflexology may serve as an effective nursing intervention to increase the well-being and decrease the pain of female patients after abdominal hysterectomy, and nurses should be aware of the benefits of reflexology. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Arnebia euchroma ointment can reduce abdominal fat thickness and abdominal circumference of overweight women: A randomized controlled study.

Science.gov (United States)

Siavash, Mansour; Naseri, Mohsen; Rahimi, Mojgan

2016-01-01

Obesity is a worldwide health problem which is associated with a lot of complications. One of these comorbidities is the metabolic syndrome that is in correlation with abdominal fat thickness and waist circumference. Various methods were used to reduce abdominal fat thickness such as liposuction. A noninvasive method is the topical agent. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of Arnebia euchroma (AE) ointment on the abdominal fat thickness. This study was a double-blind clinical trial which was done at the endocrinology clinic in Khorshid Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, in 2014. After explaining the procedure and obtaining informed consent, the candidates were randomly divided into the case and control groups. The participants of the case and control groups applied AE ointment or placebo for 6 weeks on their abdominal area. Body mass index, waist and buttock circumference, and abdominal fat thickness were measured in both case and control groups at their first visit and then at the next 2, 4, and 6 weeks. We used t -test for comparing parametric variables between groups, paired t -test for changes from baseline to final, and repeated measure ANOVA for changes at different steps. Sixty female candidates participated in this study (thirty in each group). Ten patients left the study and fifty participants finished the trial. At the end of the study, participants had a significant weight loss (2.96 ± 1.6 kg, P Abdominal circumference also decreased significantly in the participants (11.3 ± 6.7 cm, P abdominal fat thickness decreased significantly in the participants (2.3 ± 1.1 cm, P abdominal fat thickness as well as the waist circumference without causing any side effect.

Child abdominal tumour in tropical context: Think about schistosomiasis!

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A. M. Napon

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Schistosomiasis presenting as an abdominal mass with chronic pain in a child is not common. This report presents case of child presenting with schistosomiasis presenting as an abdominal mass with chronic pain. Abdominal ultrasonography did not particularly contribute to definitive pre-operative diagnosis. However, pathological examination of surgical specimen confirmed Schistosoma mansoni eggs in the biospy. A decrease in the mass volume was noticed under medical treatment (Biltricide. The aim of this report was to intimate clinicians on possible abdominal schistosomiasis as differential diagnosis of childhood abdominal mass. This is a clarion call for a high index of suspicion of childhood abdominal schistosomiasis in children presenting with abdominal mass in a tropical setting.

Soft-tissue masses in the abdominal wall

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bashir, U.; Moskovic, E.; Strauss, D.; Hayes, A.; Thway, K.; Pope, R.; Messiou, C.

2014-01-01

Masses involving the abdominal wall arise from a large number of aetiologies. This article will describe a diagnostic approach, imaging features of the most common causes of abdominal wall masses, and highly specific characteristics of less common diseases. A diagnostic algorithm for abdominal wall masses combines clinical history and imaging appearances to classify lesions

Experimental model for low level laser therapy on ischemic random skin flap in rats Modelo experimental para laserterapia de baixa intensidade em retalho cutâneo randômico isquêmico em ratos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigo Paschoal Prado

2006-08-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To develop an experimental model to be used in the study of low level Laser therapy on viability of random skin flap in rats. METHODS: The sample was 24 Wistar-EPM rats. The random skin flap measured 10 x 4 cm and a plastic sheet was interposed between the flap and donor site. Group 1 (control underwent sham irradiation with diode laser (830 nm. Group 2 was submitted to laser irradiation with diode laser (830 nm. The animals were submitted to Laser therapy with 36 J/cm² energy density (72 seconds immediately after the surgery and on the four subsequent days. The probe was usually held in contact with the skin flap surface on a point at 2.5 cm cranial from the flap base. On the seventh postoperative day, the percentage of necrotic area was measured and calculated. RESULTS: Group 1 reached an average necrotic area of 48.86%, Group 2 - 23.14%. After the statistic analysis, compared with the control group, Group 2 showed a statistically significant increase in survival area (pOBJETIVO: Propor o desenvolvimento de um modelo experimental para verificar o efeito da laserterapia de baixa intensidade na viabilidade do retalho cutâneo randômico em ratos. MÉTODOS: A amostra constituiu-se de 24 ratos, da linhagem Wistar-EPM. O retalho cutâneo randômico foi realizado com dimensões de 10x4 cm e uma barreira plástica foi interposta entre o mesmo e o leito doador. O Grupo 1 (controle, foi submetido a uma simulação de tratamento com a irradiação laser de diodo (830 nm. O Grupo 2 foi submetido à irradiação laser de diodo (830 nm. Os animais foram submetidos a terapia a laser com densidade de energia de 36 J/cm2 (72 segundos imediatamente após a operação e nos outros quatros dias subseqüentes. A caneta do laser foi posicionada a 90 graus em contato com o retalho cutâneo em um ponto a 2,5 cm da base cranial do retalho. No sétimo dia pós-operatório foram calculadas as porcentagens da área de necrose. RESULTADOS: O Grupo 1 apresentou

Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in Surgical Patients

African Journals Online (AJOL)

abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome, affect ... timely surgical intervention is crucial. Key words: .... On the second postoperative day, he was noted to be restless ... Although surgery is very effective in managing ACS.

MODELOS DE SISTEMAS MRP CERRADOS INTEGRANDO INCERTIDUMBRE MODELOS DE SISTEMAS MRP FECHADOS INTEGRANDO INCERTEZA CLOSED MODELS OF MRP SYSTEMS CONSIDERING UNCERTAINTIES

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Martín Dario Arango

2012-12-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se muestran cuatro modelos de los sistemas MRP cerrados con incertidumbre en los componentes de producción, como son: la capacidad necesaria de fabricación de cada producto, el tiempo de entrega y la disponibilidad del inventario. Dichos parámetros se tratan mediante la lógica difusa modelizando un sistema MRP cerrado determinista. Por tanto, se presentan inicialmente tres modelos de sistema MRP cerrado, donde cada uno considera de forma independiente la incertidumbre en capacidad, tiempo de entrega y disponibilidad de inventario. Igualmente, se presenta un cuarto modelo de sistema MRP cerrado que de forma conjunta analiza la incertidumbre en los tres parámetros mencionados. Cada uno de estos modelos es validado con información de una empresa del sector eléctrico colombiano, evaluando el costo total del plan de producción, nivel de inventarios, nivel de servicio y complejidad computacional.Neste artigo mostram-se quatro modelos dos sistemas MRP fechados com incerteza nos componentes de produção, como são: a capacidade necessária de fabricação da cada produto, o tempo de entrega e a disponibilidade do inventario. Ditos parâmetros tratam-se mediante a lógica difusa modelando um sistema MRP fechado determinista. Por tanto, apresentam-se inicialmente três modelos de sistema MRP fechado, onde a cada um considera de forma independente a incerteza em capacidade, tempo de entrega e disponibilidade de inventario. Igualmente, apresenta-se um quarto modelo de sistema MRP fechado que de forma conjunta analisa a incerteza nos três parâmetros mencionados. A cada um destes modelos é validado com informação de uma empresa do setor elétrico colombiano, avaliando o custo total do plano de produção, nível de estoques, nível de serviço e complexidade computacional.In this paper, we present four models of uncertainty in the MRP closed systems in the production components, such as: manufacturing capacity of each product

Recurrent abdominal pain: when an epileptic seizure should be suspected? Dor abdominal recorrente: quando suspeitar de crise epiléptica?

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Renata C. Franzon

2002-09-01

Full Text Available Recurrent episodes of abdominal pain are common in childhood. Among the diagnostic possibilities are migraine and abdominal epilepsy (AE. AE is an infrequent syndrome with paroxystic episodes of abdominal pain, awareness disturbance, EEG abnormalities and positive results with the introduction of antiepileptic drugs. We present one 6 year-old girl who had short episodes of abdominal pain since the age of 4. The pain was followed by cry, fear and occasionally secondary generalization. MRI showed tumor in the left temporal region. As a differential diagnosis, we report a 10 year-old boy who had long episodes of abdominal pain accompanied by blurring of vision, vertigo, gait ataxia, dysarthria, acroparesthesias and vomiting. He received the diagnosis of basilar migraine. In our opinion, AE is part of a large group (partial epilepsies and does not require a special classification. Pediatric neurologists must be aware of these two entities that may cause abdominal pain.Episódios recorrentes de dor abdominal são freqüentes na infância e entre as causas neurológicas há migrânea e epilepsia abdominal (EA. EA é uma síndrome que consiste de episódios paroxísticos de dor abdominal associada à alteração de consciência, anormalidades eletrencefalográficas e boa resposta à terapia anticonvulsivante. Apresentamos uma menina de 6 anos que tinha desde os 4 anos episódios de curta duração de dor abdominal, seguidos por choro, medo e ocasional generalização secundária. A RM mostrou a presença de um tumor em região temporal esquerda. Como diagnóstico diferencial, apresentamos um menino de 10 anos que há 12 meses referia episódios de dor abdominal de longa duração acompanhados por turvação visual, vertigem, marcha atáxica, disartria, acroparestesia e vômito, recebendo posteriormente o diagnóstico de migrânia basilar. Em nossa opinião, EA faz parte de um grande grupo (epilepsias parciais e não requer uma classificação especial

Captura y evaluación del modelo de negocio de las heladerias artesanales

OpenAIRE

Vilchez, María Isabel

2015-01-01

A. Presentación del Proyecto - I. Resumen - II. Marco Teórico - III. Metodología - IV. Objetivos del trabajo - V. Límites o Alcance del trabajo - VI. Organización del trabajo - VII. Introducción - B. Desarrollo del Proyecto.- I. Modelo de Negocio - II. Modelo CANVAS - III. Consumo del Helado en Argentina - IV. Aplicación del modelo CANVAS en el caso de estudio - V. Presentación del modelo de negocio de Heladería Artesanal con Servicio tipo Buffet y recomendaciones al modelo actual de Córdoba ...

Radiological evaluation of abdominal trauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahn, K. S.; Cho, Y. H.; Kim, O.

1982-01-01

Simple abdomen film has played an important role in decision of emergency operations in patients with the abdominal trauma. Nowadays, it still acts as a primary and inevitable processes in emergency condition. At the Department of Radiology, Hanil Hospital, 70 patients, who were laparotomied due to penetrating or nonpernetraing abdominal trauma, were observed and analyzed with simple abdomen film after comparison with the operative findings. The results are as follows: 1. Most frequent age distribution was 10 to 39 years and marked 70%. Male was in 90% incidence. 2. Penetrating injury largely involved the small bowel and abdominal wall. Non-penetrating injury usually involved the spleen, small bowel, liver, kidney, pancreas, duodenum. 3. Single organ injury occurred in higher incidence at the small bowel and abdominal wall. Multiple organ injury occurred in higher incidence at the spleen, liver, kidney and pancreas. 4. Organ distribution was 26% in spleen, 22% in small bowel, 14% in liver, 11% in abdominal wall. 7% in pancreas, 7% in kidney. 5% in duodenum, 4% in GB and CBD, 2% in diaphragm, 2% in colon, and 1% in stomach. 5. The specific roentgen findings and their frequency which useful in differential diagnosis at abdominal trauma, were as follows: a) flank fluid; Detectable possibility was 71% in liver laceration, 69% in spleen laceration and 57% in pancreas laceration. b) ipsilateral psoas shadow obliteration; Detectable possibility was 57% in liver laceration, 57% in kidney laceration and 46% in spleen laceration. c) free air; Detactable possibility was 60% in duodenal perforation, and 36% in peroration of upper part of small bowel. d) Reflex ileus; Detectable possibility was 64% in small bowel, 50% in liver laceration and 35% in spleen laceration. e) rib fracture; Detactable possibility was 36% in liver laceration and 23% in spleen laceration. f) pleural effusion; Detectable possibility was 29% in liver laceration and 27% in spleen laceration

Modelo resorte-paríicula para telas hiperlasticas

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MANUEL GARCÍA

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta un modelo computacional para la simulación de telas hiperelásticas. El modelo propuesto tiene un enfoque multi−partículas y simula la interacción de un material textil con un objeto deformante. La tela está representada por mallas rectangulares compuestas por resortes, este hecho permite al modelo comportarse ortotrópicamente y en consecuencia es posible simular sus propiedades en ambos sentidos. Las relaciones constitutivas del material preservan las capacidades hiperelásticas naturales de la tela. En el modelo desarrollado aquí, inicialmente la tela se encuentra en su estado natural no deformado. Luego se le da una deformación inicial que garantice el no contacto o intersección con el objeto deformante. Finalmente, la tela deformada es liberada, en consecuencia ella comienza a moverse iterativamente hacia a una posición de equilibrio. La posición final de equilibrio es alcanzada cuando las fuerzas internas son balanceadas por las fuerzas externas de contacto causadas por el objeto. Esto se logra cuando el criterio de parada ha sido satisfecho.

Modelo genérico de celdas fotovoltaicas

OpenAIRE

Fernández, Herman; Martínez, Abelardo; Guzmán, Víctor Manuel; Giménez, María Isabel

2008-01-01

Este trabajo presenta el modelado y la simulación en PSpice de un circuito que se comporta eléctricamente como un panel solar. El modelo permite seleccionar un circuito que representa una única celda o combinaciones de múltiples celdas solares conectadas en serie y paralelo. La evaluación del modelo se realiza mediante una herramienta computacional, que permite ingresar parámetros relacionados con el número de celdas conectadas en distintas configuraciones serie-paralelo, las resistencias de ...

Roentgenologic evaluation of blunt abdominal trauma

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Yong Zoon; Ra, Woo Youn; Woo, Won Hyung [Hankang Sacred heart Hospital, Chung Ang University School of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1974-10-15

This study comprises 25 cases of blunt abdominal trauma proved by surgery. It is concluded that visceral damage by blunt abdominal trauma may be suspected, but can not be satisfactorily diagnosed upon a single plane abdominal roentgenologic examination with clinical support. Contrary to some reports in the literature, rupture of the hallow, viscus is more susceptible than solid organ and ileum is more than jejunum. It is a useful roentgenologic sign denoting distension and small cresent air shadow in the duodenal sweep of the damaged pancreas.

The value of intra-abdominal pressure monitoring through ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hypertension after abdominal closure (8%) and only one of ... Ann Pediatr. Surg 13:69–73 c 2017 Annals of Pediatric Surgery. Annals of ... intra-abdominal hypertension ..... measurements as a guide in the closure of abdominal wall defects.

The efficacy of adhesiolysis on chronic abdominal pain

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gerner-Rasmussen, Jonas; Burcharth, Jakob; Gögenur, Ismail

2015-01-01

INTRODUCTION: Abdominal adhesions are a frequent reason for chronic abdominal pain. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the evidence of performing laparoscopic adhesiolysis as a treatment for patients with chronic abdominal pain. METHODS: Medline, Embase, and The Cochrane Cen...... Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for trials performing lysis of adhesions on patients suffering from chronic abdominal pain. Clinical studies on patients being treated for chronic abdominal pain with surgical adhesiolysis were included. The main outcome of the study...... chronic abdominal pain. A total of 22 trials were identified as case-series and included no control group. Three studies were identified as randomized controlled trials (RCT). A benefit of the intervention varied from 16 to 88 % in the non-randomized studies, with the majority reporting pain relief...... no difference between the intervention and control group. CONCLUSION: The identified studies showed promising but preliminary results of laparoscopic adhesiolysis as a treatment of chronic abdominal pain. The evidence for laparoscopic adhesiolysis is not sufficient to make definitive conclusions....

Ecografía abdominal dedicada al trauma (FAST

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dr. O. Víctor Dinamarca

2013-01-01

El lavado peritoneal diagnóstico ha sido el gold standard para diagnóstico de hemoperitoneo, con una tasa de complicaciones de hasta un 10%. La ecografía abdominal focalizada para trauma abdominal o ecografía FAST (focused abdominal sonography for trauma es una herramienta accesible, portátil, no invasiva y confiable para el diagnóstico de la presencia o ausencia de líquido en el abdomen. Este artículo describe la técnica de la ecografía abdominal focalizada para el trauma abdominal cerrado, su utilización clínica, ventajas y limitaciones.

Generación de código Hibernate desde modelos UML

OpenAIRE

Nogueiro Mariscal, Alejandro

2012-01-01

Este proyecto consiste en un generador de código para Hibernate desde modelos UML. El código generado es el conjunto de clases del modelo implementadas en Java con una serie de anotaciones JPA 2.0. Estas clases, mediante Hibernate, sirven para añadir persistencia a nuestro código. Los modelos UML tendrán una serie de anotaciones para poder transformarlos correctamente.

Intra-abdominal pressure: an integrative review.

Science.gov (United States)

Milanesi, Rafaela; Caregnato, Rita Catalina Aquino

2016-01-01

There is a growing request for measuring intra-abdominal pressure in critically ill patients with acute abdominal pain to be clarified. Summarizing the research results on measurement of vesical intra-abdominal pressure and analyzing the level of evidence were the purposes of this integrative literature review, carried out based on the databases LILACS, MEDLINE and PubMed, from 2005 to July 2012. Twenty articles were identified, in that, 12 literature reviews, 4 descriptive and exploratory studies, 2 expert opinions, one prospective cohort study and one was an experience report. The vesical intra-abdominal pressure measurement was considered gold standard. There are variations in the technique however, but some common points were identified: complete supine position, in absence of abdominal contracture, in the end of expiration and expressed in mmHg. Most research results indicate keeping the transducer zeroed at the level of the mid-axillary line at the iliac crest level, and instill 25mL of sterile saline. Strong evidence must be developed. RESUMO Em pacientes críticos com quadros abdominais agudos a esclarecer é crescente a solicitação da aferição da pressão intra-abdominal. Sintetizar resultados de pesquisas sobre a mensuração da pressão intra-abdominal pela via vesical e analisar o nível de evidência foram os objetivos desta revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases LILACS, MEDLINE e PubMed, no período de 2005 a julho de 2012. Identificaram-se 20 artigos, sendo 12 revisões de literatura, 4 estudos exploratório-descritivos, 2 opiniões de especialistas, 1 estudo de coorte prospectivo e 1 relato de experiência. O método vesical para mensuração da pressão intra-abdominal foi considerado padrão-ouro. Existem variações na técnica, entretanto pontos em comum foram identificados: posição supina completa, na ausência de contratura abdominal, ao final da expiração e expressa em mmHg. A maioria indica posicionar o ponto zero do

Modelo cinematico del mini robot movil Ricimaf

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Abelardo del Pozo Quintero

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo describe el modelo dinámico del mini robot móvil construido en el Icimaf, cuya  tracción se logra mediante dos motores de paso acoplados a dos ruedas plásticas forradas con una capa de goma para facilitar su  movimiento y una pequeña rueda direccional. Se elabora la estructura jacobiana necesaria para el desarrollo del modelo dinámico. Se incluye el análisis de un rasgo especial de estos robots, que  es su naturaleza no holonómica, en contraste  con los robots manipuladores, lo que da lugar a un tipo de restricción del movimiento. La elaboración del modelo dinámico originó el empleo de los multiplicadores de Lagrange. Para la obtención de las ecuaciones dinámicas se emplea el método de Euler-Lagrange

Abdominal tuberculosis: clinical presentation and outcome

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumar, R.; Saddique, M.; Iqbal, P.

2007-01-01

To study the clinical presentation and outcome of cases of Abdominal Tuberculosis. Fifty four patients of Abdominal Tuberculosis were seen during the study period. Four patients were lost to follow-up, which were excluded. Detailed information of all the patients including age, sex, symptoms, signs, investigations and management was recorded, analyzed and compared with local and international data. Out of the 50 patients with Abdominal Tuberculosis, 31 were females and 19 males. Their ages ranged from 17 to 63 years, with a mean age of 25.1 years. Thirty five cases were admitted through Emergency and 15 through Outpatients departments. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom found in 44 (88%) patients followed by vomiting in 33 (66%). Abdominal tenderness was seen in 22 (44%) patients, while 16 (32%) patients had rigidity and other features of peritonitis. Surgery was performed in all these patients, limited right hemicolectomy in 17 (34%), segmental resection and anastomosis in 12 (24%), ileostomy and strictureplasty in six (12%) each, repair of perforation in five (10%) and adhesiolysis in four (8%) patients. Overall mortality was 8% due to septicaemia and multiorgan failure. Abdominal Tuberculosis is a significant clinical entity with lethal complications in neglected cases. It affects a younger age group and is more common in females. Clinical features are rather non-specific but vague ill health, low grade fever, weight loss and anorexia may help to diagnose the case. (author)

Value of abdominal CT in the emergency department for patients with abdominal pain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rosen, Max P.; Siewert, Bettina; Bromberg, Rebecca; Raptopoulos, Vassilios; Sands, Daniel Z.; Edlow, Jonathan

2003-01-01

The purpose of our study is to demonstrate the value of CT in the emergency department (ED) for patients with non-traumatic abdominal pain. Between August 1998 and April 1999, 536 consecutive patients with non-traumatic abdominal pain were entered into our study. Using a computer order entry system, physicians were asked to identify: (a) their most likely diagnosis; (b) their level of certainty in their diagnosis; (c) if they thought CT would be normal or abnormal; (d) their treatment plan (prior to knowledge of the CT results); and (e) their role in deciding to order CT. This information was correlated with each patient's post-CT diagnosis and subsequent management. Pre- and post-CT diagnoses were concordant in 200 of 536 (37%) patients. The physicians' certainty in the accuracy of their pre-CT diagnosis was less than high in 88% of patients. Prior to CT, the management plan included hospital admission for 402 patients. Following CT, only 312 patients were actually admitted; thus, the net impact of performing CT was to obviate the need for hospital admission in 90 of 536 (17%) of patients with abdominal pain. Prior to CT, 67 of 536 (13%) of all patients would have undergone immediate surgery; however, following CT only 25 (5%) actually required immediate surgery. Among patients with the four most common pre-CT diagnoses (appendicitis, abscess, diverticulitis, and urinary tract stones) CT had the greatest impact on hospital admission and surgical management for patients with suspected appendicitis. For patients with suspected appendicitis, CT reduced the hospital admission rate in 28% (26 of 91) of patients and changed the surgical management in 40% (39 of 91) of patients. Our study demonstrates the advantage of performing abdominal CT in the ED for patients with non-traumatic abdominal pain. (orig.)

Ectopic intra-abdominal fascioliasis

OpenAIRE

ÖNGÖREN, Ali Ulvi

2009-01-01

Human fascioliasis, caused by Fasciola hepatica, is emerging as an important chronic zoonotic disease in many areas of the world, including Turkey. It primarily involves the liver and may also cause severe damage in the tissue. Herein we report on a patient with ectopic intra-abdominal fascioliasis that presented to our clinic with abdominal pain and distention. Physical and radiological examination as well as an exploratory laparotomy revealed a 10 × 10-cm mass in the splenic flexura of the ...

Abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pathi, Ramon; Sage, Michael; Slavotinek, John; Hanieh, Ahmad

2004-01-01

A case of an abdominal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pseudocyst in a patient with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt is reported to illustrate this known but rare complication. In the setting of a VP shunt, the frequency of abdominal CSF pseudocyst formation is approximately 3.2%, often being precipitated by a recent inflammatory or infective process or recent surgery. Larger pseudocysts tend to be sterile, whereas smaller pseudocysts are more often infected. Ultrasound and CTeach have characteristic findings Copyright (2004) Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd

El MOOC: ¿un modelo alternativo para la educación universitaria?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Ruiz Bolívar

2015-10-01

Full Text Available El propósito de este trabajo es realizar una reflexión crítica sobre el modelo educativo MOOC a partir de la información proveniente de la literatura especializada y de nuestra propia experiencia como usuario. Nos propusimos dar respuesta a la pregunta ¿cuál es la intención y el alcance real del MOOC como modelo educativo emergente?; es decir, ¿es realmente el MOOC una alternativa válida frente al modelo tradicional de la educación superior? La revisión de la literatura revela que dicho modelo representa una opción real de democratización del conocimiento, ya que brinda acceso libre a todo usuario que lo desee, sin otra limitación que tener un dispositivo con conexión a internet, el deseo de aprender y la motivación genuina para hacerlo. Sin embargo, como toda innovación, este modelo educativo tiene partidarios y detractores. Los MOOC, aun cuando han sido impulsados por prestigiosas universidades internacionales, no han sido creados para sustituir el modelo universitario clásico; no obstante, se espera que como modelos educativos abiertos tendrán un impacto importante tanto en la educación a distancia actual como en el modelo educativo universitario tradicional, incluyendo el cambio de roles de sus actores principales (profesores y estudiantes en el proceso educativo.

Recent advances in the management of abdominal compartment syndrome

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saleem, T.B.; Ahmed, I.

2004-01-01

Abdominal compartment syndrome is a systemic syndrome involving derangement in cardiovascular hemodynamics, respiratory and renal function as a result of sustained increase in intra-abdominal pressure. This results in multi-organ failure requiring prompt action and treatment. Presentation can be acute, chronic and acute on chronic. Initial diagnosis is clinical, confirmed by measurement of urinary bladder pressure. Treatment is abdominal decompression by laparostomy and delayed abdominal closure. Awareness among the surgeons has increased because laparoscopy has resulted in determination of intra-abdominal pressure as a readily measurable quantity. They have been able to appreciate the benefit of abdominal decompression by performing repeated planned laparotomies for trauma. (author)

Computerized abdominal tomography in Wilson's disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tsuchikura, Keiko; Ogawa, Teruyuki; Nakajima, Akihisa; Ono, Yasuhiko

1986-05-01

Cranial and abdominal computerized tomography (CT) was performed in a 10-year-old boy with Wilson's disease complicated by liver cirrhosis. Abdominal CT showed diffuse high density areas over the whole part of the liver propably due to copper sediments, although there was no abnormal cranial CT findings. Decreased high density area of the liver was seen 60 days after the administration of D-penicillamine, suggesting the excretion of copper from the liver. Abdominal CT, as well as cranial CT, may be of help to diagnose Wilson's disease and evaluate therapeutic effects. (Namekawa, K.).

El suspenso del melodrama. Entre modelos narrativos y modelos de conducta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Álvaro A. Fernández Reyes

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Al final de la llamada Época de Oro, el cine mexicano adapta sus formas de representación para reconstruir tanto sus modelos y estrategias narrativas como sus nuevos sujetos representados, desplegando, no obstante, una tensión entre la modernidad y la lucha por conservar valores pretéritos. En la película Que Dios me perdone (Tito Davison, 1947 indago el carácter cambiante de una tradición impresa en la expresión artística masificada. Con el estudio del caso, abordo la representación de la mujer moderna de los años cuarenta en sus roles fundamentales para la construcción simbólica del género y sus modelos de conducta; detecto la manera en que se comporta ese género en tensión con la retórica del suspenso y del melodrama, centrándome en las desviaciones y regulaciones del ideal materno y de su inherente conflicto sexual en escenarios y situaciones extraordinarias para este rol: convóquese a la maternidad negada, al crimen o al espionaje.

Development of control system in abdominal operating ROV

OpenAIRE

ZHANG Weikang; WANG Guanxue; XU Guohua; LIU Chang; SHEN Xiong

2017-01-01

In order to satisfy all the requirements of Unmanned Underwater Vehicle(UUV)recovery tasks, a new type of abdominal operating Remote Operated Vehicle(ROV) was developed. The abdominal operating ROV is different from the general ROV which works by a manipulator, as it completes the docking and recovery tasks of UUVs with its abdominal operating mechanism. In this paper, the system composition and principles of the abdominal operating ROV are presented. We then propose a framework for a control...

Abdominal pregnancy - Case presentation.

Science.gov (United States)

Bohiltea, R; Radoi, V; Tufan, C; Horhoianu, I A; Bohiltea, C

2015-01-01

Abdominal pregnancy, a rare diagnosis, belongs to the ectopic pregnancy group, the leading cause of pregnancy related exitus. The positive diagnosis is very difficult to establish most often in an acute setting, leading to a staggering percent of feto-maternal morbidity and mortality. We present the case of 26-weeks-old abdominal pregnancy with partial feto-placental detachment in a patient, after hysteroscopy and in vitro fertilization, which until the acute symptoms that led to emergency laparotomy went unrecognized. The patient recovered completely and satisfactorily after surgery and, due to the high risk of uterine rupture with regard to a second pregnancy, opted for a surrogate mother. Abdominal pregnancy can be regarded as a difficult to establish diagnosis, with a greater chance in case of increased awareness. It is compulsory to be well informed in order not to be surprised by the diagnosis and to apply the correct treatment immediately as the morbidity and mortality rate is elevated.

Modelo integrador de estrategias competitivas: aplicación al sector portuario

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Silva-Domingo

2010-12-01

Full Text Available A pesar de los importantes avances de la literatura y la práctica profesional, los modelos teóricos de estrategia competitiva aún no han alcanzado su madurez. En este trabajo se exponen y discuten distintas visiones sobre los modelos de estrategias competitivas, defendiendo la necesidad de un desarrollo que integre los aspectos clave en la posición competitiva de las organizaciones: el entorno y las capacidades de la organización. En este sentido, el objetivo es resaltar el potencial del modelo integrador de estrategias competitivas propuesto por Parnell (2006, el que aún no cuenta con suficiente evidencia empírica. A través de la reflexión teórica aplicando conceptualmente el modelo en el sector portuario de cargas –que se describe y analiza brevemente-, este trabajo concluye que el modelo referido puede resultar de gran relevancia para la práctica profesional y, consecuentemente, para la academia

Treatment strategy for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Science.gov (United States)

Davidovic, L

2014-07-01

Rupture is the most serious and lethal complication of the abdominal aortic aneurysm. Despite all improvements during the past 50 years, ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms are still associated with very high mortality. Namely, including patients who die before reaching the hospital, the mortality rate due to abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture is 90%. On the other hand, during the last twenty years, the number of abdominal aortic aneurysms significantly increased. One of the reasons is the fact that in majority of countries the general population is older nowadays. Due to this, the number of degenerative AAA is increasing. This is also the case for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture. Age must not be the reason of a treatment refusal. Optimal therapeutic option ought to be found. The following article is based on literature analysis including current guidelines but also on my Clinics significant experience. Furthermore, this article show cases options for vascular medicine in undeveloped countries that can not apply endovascular procedures at a sufficient level and to a sufficient extent. At this moment the following is evident. Thirty-day-mortality after repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms is significantly lower in high-volume hospitals. Due to different reasons all ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms are not suitable for EVAR. Open repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm should be performed by experienced open vascular surgeons. This could also be said for the treatment of endovascular complications that require open surgical conversion. There is no ideal procedure for the treatment of AAA. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, its own limits and complications, as well as indications and contraindications. Future reductions in mortality of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms will depend on implementation of population-based screening; on strategies to prevent postoperative organ injury and also on new medical technology

Actinomycosis mimicking abdominal neoplasm. Case report

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Waaddegaard, P; Dziegiel, M

1988-01-01

In a patient with a 6-month history of nonspecific abdominal complaints, preoperative examination indicated malignant disease involving the right ovary, rectum and sigmoid, but laparotomy revealed abdominal actinomycosis. Removal of the ovary and low anterior colonic resection followed by penicil...

DYNAMICS OF HOSPITALIZATION OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE SURGICAL PATHOLOGY OF ABDOMINAL AND ABDOMINAL ORGANS IN KUZBASS

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Валерий Иванович Подолужный

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Publications of recent years do not reflect the regional dynamics of hospitalization of patients with acute surgical pathology of the abdominal cavity and anterior abdominal wall. Goal – to determine the volume of hospitalizations and treatment of patients with acute surgical pathology of the abdominal and anterior abdominal wall in the Kuzbass in the dynamics from 1993 to 2016. Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of the volume of treatment of patients with acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, intestinal obstruction, perforated ulcer of the stomach and duodenum and strangulated hernia in surgical departments of Kuzbass from 1993 to 2016 to understand the changes occurring in abdominal surgery. Estimated in the comparative aspect for two decades (1993-2002 and 2007-2016 the average annual number of treated. The estimation of indicators in calculation on 100000 population is executed. The statistical processing was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistica computer version 24 and the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Result. Statistically significantly decreased the number of patients with acute appendicitis and perforated ulcers of the stomach and duodenum. The average annual hospitalization of patients with acute pancreatitis and strangulated abdominal hernias has significantly increased in the last decade. There are no significant differences in the increase in the total number of patients with acute cholecystitis and acute intestinal obstruction. Conclusions: 1. Over the past decade compared with 1993-2002, the incidence of acute appendicitis per 100000 thousand of the population decreased in the region by 39.9 %, the incidence of perforated gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer by 30.2 %. 2. At this time, the number of people treated with 100000 people with acute pancreatitis increased by 94.7 %; with acute cholecystitis by 12.4 %; with an acute intestinal obstruction by 9.8 % and with a strangulated

Modelo artesanal para treinamento de acesso vascular periférico

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Ingrid Rodrigues de Oliveira Rocha

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Resumo Contexto O acesso vascular é o procedimento mais comum realizado entre pacientes hospitalizados. Assim, na tentativa de minimizar complicações e aliar conhecimento técnico ao conhecimento teórico, os modelos de simulação são capazes de oferecer um ambiente seguro para profissionais em formação e evitar os dilemas éticos de treinamento direto em pacientes. Com esse objetivo, surgiram diversos manequins de treinamento, mas devido ao seu alto custo eles não são acessíveis a todos, e com frequência os profissionais em formação da área da saúde realizam procedimentos sem que tenham um treinamento prévio. Objetivo Desenvolver um modelo de ensino e treinamento de acesso vascular periférico, utilizando um modelo de baixo custo para fins educacionais. Método Para reproduzir a via periférica de acesso, utilizou-se um macarrão de polietileno com equipos de infusão, com uma extremidade em fundo cego e a outra conectada a duas bolsas de 500 mL de soro fisiológico acrescido de corante. A bolsa foi instalada em um suporte metálico. Resultado O formato sugerido para o modelo apresentou semelhança com a anatomia do antebraço simplificada. O modelo se mostrou prático na punção e, devido à sua extensão, tem-se a possibilidade de puncionar diversas vezes o mesmo modelo, facilitando o treinamento. Conclusão O modelo proposto permite o treinamento de acesso vascular periférico, sendo uma alternativa de baixo custo que pode ser utilizada para fins educacionais.

Computed tomographic evaluation of abdominal fat in minipigs.

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, Jinhwa; Jung, Joohyun; Lee, Hyeyeon; Chang, Dongwoo; Yoon, Junghee; Choi, Mincheol

2011-03-01

Computed tomography (CT) exams were conducted to determine the distribution of abdominal fat identified based on the CT number measured in Hounsfield Units (HU) and to measure the volume of the abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat in minipigs. The relationship between the CT-based fat volumes of several vertebral levels and the entire abdomen and anthropometric data including the sagittal abdominal diameter and waist circumference were evaluated. Moreover, the total fat volumes at the T11, T13, L3, and L5 levels were compared with the total fat volume of the entire abdomen to define the landmark of abdominal fat distribution. Using a single-detector CT, six 6-month-old male minipigs were scanned under general anesthesia. Three radiologists then assessed the HU value of visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat by drawing the region of interest manually at the T11, T13, L1, L3, and L5 levels. The CT number and abdominal fat determined in this way by the three radiologists was found to be correlated (intra-class coefficient = 0.9). The overall HU ranges for the visceral and subcutaneous fat depots were -147.47 to -83.46 and -131.62 to -90.97, respectively. The total fat volume of the entire abdomen was highly correlated with the volume of abdominal fat at the T13 level (r = 0.97, p abdominal adipose tissue measured at the T13 level using CT is a strong and reliable predictor of total abdominal adipose volume.

Metadecisão no modelo de gestão toyotista

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Alvair Silveira Torres Júnior

2010-12-01

Full Text Available O processo decisório no modelo de produção enxuta aparece como um fator pouco explorado na literatura. Os elementos que compõem o processo decisório aparecem marginalmente quando se discutem fatores como just-in-time, as parcerias com fornecedores, o desenvolvimento de produtos e a qualidade embutida no processo. O objetivo desta pesquisa é explorar como o processo decisório se apresenta no modelo de produção enxuta. Foram desenvolvidas entrevistas em profundidade com três ex-executivos do primeiro e médio escalão da subsidiária brasileira da Toyota Motor. Os entrevistados foram escolhidos intencionalmente e por oportunidade. Os resultados apresentam um conjunto de elementos do modelo de produção enxuta, denominados na literatura processos de solução de problemas, organizados em uma disposição própria, aqui reconhecida como uma metadecisão, a qual estrutura de forma peculiar o processo decisório do modelo Toyota. A contribuição deste trabalho é tornar explícita a estrutura de metadecisão do modelo de produção enxuta.

Dynamic CT in the abdominal organ, 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fukuda, Kunihiko

1980-01-01

By utilizing a 4.5-second CT (computed tomography) scanner which allows sequential scans the changes of the iodine concentration in abdominal organs can be observed as dynamics reflected in CT number. The abdominal dynamic CT was performed as following method. After performing the preliminary scan 50ml of 60% meglumine iothalamate was rapidly injected intravenously by hands. The sequential scanning was initiated when a half dose of contrast medium was injected. In completion of the 4 sequential scans under arrested respiration the conventional post contrast scanning was performed. The analysis of 112 cases dynamically studied by CT came to the following conclusion. CT number of the abdominal aorta was greatest on the 1st or 2nd scan of the sequential scans (7.5 - 20.5 seconds after initiation of injection). Following this peak formation, CT number of the abdominal aorta declined rapidly due to both prompt diffusion of contrast medium into the extravascular space and dilution by the intravascular fluid. Iodine concentration of the abdominal aorta during the peak period was calculated as 11.3 mg/ml by the present method, being theoretically sufficient for delineation of the vessels smaller than medium size. In the patients with impaired renal function, several characteristic patterns were noted on the dynamics of contrast medium within the abdominal organs. The abdominal dynamic CT was felt to be promissing for evaluation of the renal function. (author)

Contemporary imaging in abdominal emergencies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sivit, Carlos J.

2008-01-01

Imaging is often a fundamental part in the evaluation of an injured or ill child. A variety of imaging modalities (radiography, angiography/fluoroscopy, sonography, CT, magnetic resonance imaging and scintigraphy) are among the options. CT is worth focused attention because of its usefulness in a variety of emergency department settings, its increasing use, and its potential radiation risks. CT plays an important role in the evaluation of traumatic and nontraumatic abdominal emergencies in children. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to review current imaging approaches and controversies in the evaluation of common acute abdominal emergencies. Through discussion of various modalities, especially CT in evaluation of abdominal pain and trauma, the relative advantages and disadvantages including radiation risk will be reviewed. (orig.)

Modelo de aseguramiento de la calidad en el proceso de desarrollo de software basado en los modelos de madurez de capacidades (CMMi), proceso de software para equipos (TSP) y personas (PSP)

OpenAIRE

Espejo Chavarría, Alex José

2016-01-01

Genera e implementa un modelo de aseguramiento de la calidad en el proceso de desarrollo de software con un enfoque orientado al factor humano; factor que es responsable de introducir y gestionar la calidad en el proceso de desarrollo de software. El modelo propuesto se basa en tres modelos “Modelos de Madurez de Capacidades Integrado, Proceso de Software para Equipos y Proceso de Software para Personas. Tesis

Modelos de enseñanza y modelos de comunicación en las clases de ciencias naturales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Laura Levin

2009-09-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de la investigación relatada en este trabajo fue analizar si el estilo de enseñanza al que dice adherir el profesorado de ciencias naturales se expresa en las diversas formas de comunicación que se establecen en sus clases. El foco de la observación de clases estuvo principalmente en las interacciones lingüísticas entre profesor/a y estudiantes. La enseñanza y la comunicación se tipificaron con diversos modelos teóricos, que aquí se revisan. A partir del análisis de las clases observadas se robustecen las siguientes precisiones: a el modelo “didáctico” constructivista necesita en algún momento del despliegue efectivo de una comunicación dialógica en el aula; b por tanto, “adherir” declarativamente al constructivismo mientras se generan modos de comunicación clausurantes en clase deja al descubierto modelos implícitos de transmisión o de condicionamiento; c sin embargo, en las aulas argentinas se observan tipos híbridos de práctica en donde el lenguaje asume muchos papeles.

Modelo de capacidades e maturidade para defesa cibernética

OpenAIRE

Sylvio Andre Diogo Silva

2011-01-01

Uma implantação eficaz de defesa cibernética requer o desenvolvimento de esforços coordenados nas seguintes capacidades-chave: detecção de ataques, mecanismos de defesa, monitoramento de situação, comando e controle, aprimoramento de estratégias e táticas e desenvolvimento seguro de sistemas. A dissertação apresenta um modelo de capacidades para defesa cibernética. A partir das seis capacidades-chave, foi identificado um modelo com capacidades essenciais para a defesa cibernética. O modelo de...

En busca de un posicionamiento de mercado: Modelo de Mercadotecnia

OpenAIRE

Nancy Imelda Montero Delgado; Daniel Muñoz Zapata; Sergio Octavio Vázquez Núñez

2016-01-01

Esta investigación nace con la finalidad de identificar las variables que inciden en el diseño efectivo de una estrategia de mercadotecnia, de tal forma que el empresario implemente acciones que lo lleven a mejorar la posición en el mercado y su reflejo en el nivel de ventas. Para esto, se observan los modelos que han intentado explicar la efectividad de la mercadotecnia en el tiempo; partiendo así del modelo de Kotler (1977) y se integran los hallazgos identificados en otros modelos, así com...

Intervención en Proyecto Hombre desde un Modelo Biopsicosocial

OpenAIRE

Ramirez Córdoba, Myriam

2016-01-01

En Proyecto Hombre asumimos que el modelo que mejor explica el fenómeno de las adicciones es el Modelo Bio-psico-social. Este modelo defiende que las adicciones vienen causadas por múltiples factores y no por un factor único. Estos factores serían: Factores Biológicos, Factores Psicológicos (lo que implica pensamientos, emociones y conductas), y Factores Sociales. Todos ellos juegan un papel importante en el funcionamiento humano en el contexto de las adicciones y de la percepción que se tie...

Aggressive malignant abdominal mesothelioma: Clinical report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Al-Hassan, Ahmad M.; Al-Saigh, Abdulrehman A.

2004-01-01

A 32-year-old Filipino female, working as an x-ray technician, presented to the Emergency Room (ER) with acute abdominal pain for one day. The pain was mainly on the left side and left hypochondrium. She had recurring abdominal pain before but not significant to worry her. She also complained of abdominal distension, which she noticed one week ago. Abdominal examination revealed fullness in the left hypochondrium with marked tenderness but negative rebound. Abdominal ultrasound (US) showed a huge mass mainly in the left hypochondrium. The origin of the mass cannot be identified by US. A computerized tomography scan showed a mass in the left side of the abdomen crossing the midline with a necrotic centre. The hospital course of the patient runs smoothly, and she was discharged after 7-days and referred to an Oncology Center. Abdominal mesothelioma is a neoplasm arising from the mesothelial surface lining the abdominal cavity. It is less frequent than that of the pleura. It is a rapidly growing and fatal malignancy with a median survival of less than 1-year. The relation between pleural malignant mesothelioma and asbestos is well recognized since it was described in 19602 but implication of asbestos exposure in the etiology of the peritoneal type is less obvious. This patient history is giving no obvious exposure to asbestos but as she is working in the Radiology Department as an x-ray technician she is well exposed to x-ray, but the effect of radioactivity on induction of mesothelioma is still disputed.4 There are several reports linking malignant mesothelioma to radioactivity due to radiation therapy.The fibrous mesothelioma (sarcomatous), as in this case, which is difficult to diagnose microscopically, looks like a fibroma, unless helped by tissue culture. The treatment options of malignant mesothelioma include surgery, intraperitoneal chemotherapy and whole abdominal radiation or multimodality therapy, which were suggested that might prolong the survival in

Abdominal alterations in disseminated paracoccidioidomycosis: computed tomography findings

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vermelho, Marli Batista Fernandes; Correia, Ademir Silva; Michailowsky, Tania Cibele de Almeida; Suzart, Elizete Kazumi Kuniyoshi; Ibanes, Aline Santos; Almeida, Lanamar Aparecida; Khoury, Zarifa; Barba, Mario Flores, E-mail: marlivermelho@globo.com [Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas (IIER), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2015-03-15

Objective: to evaluate the incidence and spectrum of abdominal computed tomography imaging findings in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis. Materials and methods: retrospective analysis of abdominal computed tomography images of 26 patients with disseminated paracoccidioidomycosis. Results: abnormal abdominal tomographic findings were observed in 18 patients (69.2%), while no significant finding was observed in the other 8 (30.8%) patients. Conclusion: computed tomography has demonstrated to play a relevant role in the screening and detection of abdominal abnormalities in patients with disseminated paracoccidioidomycosis. (author)

Mechanisms and management of functional abdominal pain

OpenAIRE

Farmer, Adam D; Aziz, Qasim

2014-01-01

Functional abdominal pain syndrome is characterised by frequent or continuous abdominal pain associated with a degree of loss of daily activity. It has a reported population prevalence of between 0.5% and 1.7%, with a female preponderance. The pathophysiology of functional abdominal pain is incompletely understood although it has been postulated that peripheral sensitisation of visceral afferents, central sensitisation of the spinal dorsal horn and aberrancies within descending modulatory sys...

Dehydration related abdominal pain (drap)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shah, S.I.; Aurangzeb; Khan, I.; Bhatti, A.M.; Khan, A.A.

2004-01-01

Objective: To describe the frequency of dehydration as a medical cause of acute abdomen. Subjects and Methods: All the patients reporting with abdominal pain to the surgical outpatient department or the emergency department were reviewed in the study. The clinical findings in all these cases were studied along with the mode of their management and outcome. Results: Of all the patients presenting with abdominal pain, 3.3% (n=68) were suffering from dehydration related abdominal pain. They were predominantly males in a ratio of 8.7: 1, mostly in the 2nd and 3rd decades of their lives. All these cases were suffering from acute or chronic dehydration were provisionally diagnosed by general practitioners as 'acute abdomen' and referred for surgical consultation. Associated symptoms included vomiting in 42.6%, backache in 91.2%, headache in 95.6%, and pain in lower limbs in 97.1 % of the cases. 83.8% required indoor management with intravenous fluids. All the patients became asymptomatic with rehydration therapy. Conclusion: Dehydration is a possible cause of severe abdominal pain. There is a need to educate the general public about the benefits of adequate fluid intake. (author)

Chest complication after abdominal surgery

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koh, B. H.; Choi, J. Y.; Hahm, C. K.; Kang, S. R.

1981-01-01

In spite of many advances in medicine, anesthetic technique and surgical managements, pulmonary problems are the most frequent postoperative complications, particularly after abdominal surgery. As postoperative pulmonary complications, atelectasis, pleural effusion, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis and lung abscess can be occurred. This study include evaluation of chest films of 2006 patients (927 male, 1079 female), who had been operated abdominal surgery from Jan. 1979 to June, 1980 in the Hanyang university hospital. The results were as follows: 1. 70 cases out of total 2006 cases (3.5%) developed postoperative chest complications, 51 cases (5.5%) in male, 19 cases (1.8%) in female. 2. The complication rate was increased according to the increase of age. The incidence of the postoperative complications over 40 years of age was higher than the overall average complications rate. 3. The most common postoperative pulmonary complication was pleural effusion, next pneumonia, atelectasis and pulmonary edema respectively. 4. The complication rate of the group of upper abdominal surgery is much higher than the group of lower abdominal surgery. 5. Complication rate was increased according to increase of the duration of operation. 6. There were significant correlations between the operation site and side of the complicated hemithorax

Modelo experimental de tumor de Walker Walker’s tumoral experimental model

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sandra Pedroso de Moraes

2000-12-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de padronizar normas técnicas para obtenção de modelo animal com tumor de Walker 256 e de estabelecer o número de células tumorais necessárias para que esse tumor tenha grande porcentagem de pega e longevidade, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de pesquisas em várias áreas da saúde, foi realizado trabalho em duas etapas. Na primeira foram utilizados 120 ratos para treinamento e definição da técnica. Na segunda etapa foram utilizados 84 ratos, sendo estes separados em 7 grupos (G de 12 animais cada. O tumor, na forma ascítica, foi inoculado no tecido celular subcutâneo do dorso dos ratos com os seguintes números de células: GI, 1 x 10(7; GII, 5 x 10(6; GIII, 2,5 x 10(6; GIV, 1 x 10(6; GV, 5 x 10(5; GVI, 3 x 10(5 e GVII, 2 x 10(5. Foram avaliadas a porcentagem de pega e a longevidade nos grupos. Os animais dos GI, GII, GIII e GIV obtiveram 100% de desenvolvimento tumoral, porém baixa longevidade. Os dos GV e GVI obtiveram desenvolvimento tumoral em frequência maior que 90% e longevidade satisfatória. Os do GVII não apresentaram desenvolvimento tumoral. Concluiu-se que todos os procedimentos devem ser exaustivamente treinados e que o número de células tumorais viáveis para inoculação, em tecido celular subcutâneo de ratos, deve estar na faixa entre 5 x 10(5 e 3 x 10(5.The aim of this work was standardize technical norms to obtain a model of Walker 256 tumor in animals and get the tumorous cells number needed to increase the tumorous join percentage and longevity, it makes possible the research development in several health areas. The work was realized in two stages. In first were used 120 rats to crew’s training and technicals definitions. In second stage were used 84 rats, these separated in 7 groups (G with 12 animals each one. The tumor, in ascitic form was inoculated on subcutaneous cellular tissue on dorsal of rats with the follow number of cells : GI, 1 x 10(7; GII, 5 x 10(6; GIII, 2,5 x 10(6; GIV, 1

Modelo de negocio para bebidas funcionales Ceiba

OpenAIRE

Gil Giraldo, Jhonatan; Restrepo Mesa, Juan Eduardo

2017-01-01

El presente documento, modelo de negocio para bebidas naturales Ceiba, es el trabajo de grado realizado por los autores con el fin de optar al título de magíster en Administración (MBA) de la Universidad EAFIT -- El cual esta soportado en los diferentes conceptos y metodologías de modelo de negocio y planes de negocio -- Por tratarse de un prototipo que busca definir los elementos estratégicos necesarios para su desarrollo, arrojó como resultado que la metodología más adecuada para ser aplica...

Diagnostic accuracy of low-dose CT compared with abdominal radiography in non-traumatic acute abdominal pain: prospective study and systematic review

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alshamari, Muhammed; Geijer, Haakan; Norrman, Eva; Geijer, Mats; Jansson, Kjell

2016-01-01

Abdominal radiography is frequently used in acute abdominal non-traumatic pain despite the availability of more advanced diagnostic modalities. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of low-dose CT compared with abdominal radiography, at similar radiation dose levels. Fifty-eight patients were imaged with both methods and were reviewed independently by three radiologists. The reference standard was obtained from the diagnosis in medical records. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated. A systematic review was performed after a literature search, finding a total of six relevant studies including the present. Overall sensitivity with 95 % CI for CT was 75 % (66-83 %) and 46 % (37-56 %) for radiography. Specificity was 87 % (77-94 %) for both methods. In the systematic review the overall sensitivity for CT varied between 75 and 96 % with specificity from 83 to 95 % while the overall sensitivity for abdominal radiography varied between 30 and 77 % with specificity 75 to 88 %. Based on the current study and available evidence, low-dose CT has higher diagnostic accuracy than abdominal radiography and it should, where logistically possible, replace abdominal radiography in the workup of adult patients with acute non-traumatic abdominal pain. (orig.)

Diagnostic accuracy of low-dose CT compared with abdominal radiography in non-traumatic acute abdominal pain: prospective study and systematic review

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alshamari, Muhammed; Geijer, Haakan [Oerebro University, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Oerebro (Sweden); Norrman, Eva [Oerebro University, Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Oerebro (Sweden); Geijer, Mats [Lund University and Skaane University Hospital, Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Lund (Sweden); Jansson, Kjell [Oerebro University, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Oerebro (Sweden)

2016-06-15

Abdominal radiography is frequently used in acute abdominal non-traumatic pain despite the availability of more advanced diagnostic modalities. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of low-dose CT compared with abdominal radiography, at similar radiation dose levels. Fifty-eight patients were imaged with both methods and were reviewed independently by three radiologists. The reference standard was obtained from the diagnosis in medical records. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated. A systematic review was performed after a literature search, finding a total of six relevant studies including the present. Overall sensitivity with 95 % CI for CT was 75 % (66-83 %) and 46 % (37-56 %) for radiography. Specificity was 87 % (77-94 %) for both methods. In the systematic review the overall sensitivity for CT varied between 75 and 96 % with specificity from 83 to 95 % while the overall sensitivity for abdominal radiography varied between 30 and 77 % with specificity 75 to 88 %. Based on the current study and available evidence, low-dose CT has higher diagnostic accuracy than abdominal radiography and it should, where logistically possible, replace abdominal radiography in the workup of adult patients with acute non-traumatic abdominal pain. (orig.)

Acute abdominal pain: Advances in diagnosis and management

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Gans, S.L.

2015-01-01

The term acute abdominal pain refers to non-traumatic abdominal pain of rapid onset with duration of less than five days. Acute abdominal pain can be divided in urgent and non-urgent conditions. Urgent causes require treatment within 24 hours to prevent serious complications whereas for non-urgent

Functional abdominal pain disorders in children

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Rajindrajith, Shaman; Zeevenhooven, Judith; Devanarayana, Niranga Manjuri; Perera, Bonaventure Jayasiri Crispus; Benninga, Marc A.

2018-01-01

Chronic abdominal pain is a common problem in pediatric practice. The majority of cases fulfill the Rome IV criteria for functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs). At times, these disorders may lead to rather serious repercussions. Area covered: We have attempted to cover current knowledge on

MODELO DE GESTIÓN DE LA DEMANDA ENERGÉTICA INTEGRAL

OpenAIRE

ENRIQUE HURTADO AGUIRRE; JUAN PABLO ESCAMILLA MEJÍA

2015-01-01

La gestión energética significa optimizar una de las más complejas e importantes técnicas crea ciones que conocemos: el sistema de energía. Existen una buena cantidad de métodos para la optimización de la generación de energía y su distribución. Por lo que el modelo de la demanda energética integral (DSM) es una estrategia para mejorar el sistema de energía en el lado del consumo. Se extiende desde la política energética, la economía experimental, la teoría de los agentes, la mejora de la...

Mechanisms and management of functional abdominal pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Farmer, Adam D; Aziz, Qasim

2014-09-01

Functional abdominal pain syndrome is characterised by frequent or continuous abdominal pain associated with a degree of loss of daily activity. It has a reported population prevalence of between 0.5% and 1.7%, with a female preponderance. The pathophysiology of functional abdominal pain is incompletely understood although it has been postulated that peripheral sensitisation of visceral afferents, central sensitisation of the spinal dorsal horn and aberrancies within descending modulatory systems may have an important role. The management of patients with functional abdominal pain requires a tailored multidisciplinary approach in a supportive and empathetic environment in order to develop an effective therapeutic relationship. Patient education directed towards an explanation of the pathophysiology of functional abdominal pain is in our opinion a prerequisite step and provides the rationale for the introduction of interventions. Interventions can usefully be categorised into general measures, pharmacotherapy, psychological interventions and 'step-up' treatments. Pharmacotherapeutic/step-up options include tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors and the gabapentinoids. Psychological treatments include cognitive behavioural therapy and hypnotherapy. However, the objective evidence base for these interventions is largely derived from other chronic pain syndrome, and further research is warranted in adult patients with functional abdominal pain. © The Royal Society of Medicine.

Diagnosis of calcification on abdominal radiographs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lamb, C.R.; Kleine, L.J.; McMillan, M.C.

1991-01-01

A wide variety of normal and pathologic factors may induce intraabdominal calcification. In general, the most reliable indication of the cause of a calcification is its location; therefore, if the affected organ can be identified the radiographic diagnosis is often straightforward or, at least, limited to relatively few possibilities. With this principle in mind, a series of patients with abdominal calcification are described for the purpose of illustrating the appearance of calcification of various abdominal organs. In addition, etiology for the calcification in each patient is discussed. Certain extraabdominal calcifications which may be seen on abdominal radiographs are also mentioned

Abdominal ultrasonography, 2nd Ed

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goldberg, B.B.

1984-01-01

This volume is a new and updated edition of an extensively illustrated text and reference on the capabilities and imaging of gray scale ultrasonography for each major abdominal organ. Each major organ system is treated separately, including liver, gallbladder and bile ducts, pancreas, kidney, retroperitoneum, abdominal vasculature, and more. There are over 500 illustrations and ten pages of full color plates for cross sectional anatomy

CT findings in abdominal actinomycosis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, In Jae; Ha, Hyun Kwon; Lee, Moon Gyu; Kim, Pyo Nyun; Auh, Yong Ho

1999-01-01

Abdominal actinomycosis is a chronic, progressive, suppurative disease with a favorable response to intravenous treatment with penicillin. In many instances, however, its clinical and radiological findings may overlap with those of other inflammatory and neoplastic conditions, and the familiarity with the various radiological features can thus avoid diagnostic delays. The purpose of this paper is to describe and discuss the CT findings of abdominal actinomycosis

Ecuador. Modelo de consumo y prevención

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jack Laufer

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Dossier Comunicación y Drogas. El autor presenta la construcción de un modelo antidrogas, basado en la dinámica de sistemas. Plantea la propia conceptualización del modelo, los lineamientos básicos de un sistema de consumo y prevención de drogas y destaca los roles determinantes que deben ejercer los medios y la opinión pública. ¡Es muy útil y novedoso!

Modelos contables y comprensión de la crisis financiera

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Dirk J. Bezemer

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Este artículo muestra que los modelos macroeconómicos contables ayudaron a prever la crisis de crédito y la recesión económica, mientras que los modelos de equilibrio ubicuos en la formulación de política y la investigación de la corriente principal no. Explora los antecedentes intelectuales del enfoque contable como alternativa a la economía neoclásica y el ascenso y declive de los modelos de flujo de fondos durante la posguerra. Incluye estudios de caso actuales de ambos tipos de modelos y analiza por qué el enfoque contable se ha mantenido fuera de la corriente dominante. Hace recomendaciones constructivas para revisar los métodos de evaluación de la estabilidad financiera y aboga por una “contabilidad de la economía”.

En busca de un posicionamiento de mercado: Modelo de Mercadotecnia

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Nancy Imelda Montero Delgado

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación nace con la finalidad de identificar las variables que inciden en el diseño efectivo de una estrategia de mercadotecnia, de tal forma que el empresario implemente acciones que lo lleven a mejorar la posición en el mercado y su reflejo en el nivel de ventas. Para esto, se observan los modelos que han intentado explicar la efectividad de la mercadotecnia en el tiempo; partiendo así del modelo de Kotler (1977 y se integran los hallazgos identificados en otros modelos, así como la inserción de una variable adicional que pretende explicar con mayor claridad el nivel de mercadotecnia que emplea la empresa. Como resultado se propone un modelo aplicable a la mipyme a través del cual el empresario identifica en forma clara y sencilla el nivel de mercadotecnia con el que trabaja y su efectividad

Endovascular Exclusion of an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Patients with Concomitant Abdominal Malignancy: Early Experience

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Choi, You Ri; Chang, Nam Kyu [Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun (Korea, Republic of); Shin, Hyo Hyun; Oh, Hyun Jun; Kim, Jae Kyu; Choi, Soo Jin Na; Chung, Sang Young [Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju (Korea, Republic of); Yim, Nam Yeol [Armed Forces Yangju Hospital, Yangju (Korea, Republic of)

2010-08-15

To assess the outcomes of endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) for the treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm in patients undergoing curative surgical treatment for concomitant abdominal malignancy. The study included 12 patients with abdominal neoplasia and an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), which was treated by surgery and stent EVAR. The neoplasm consisted of the gastric, colorectal, pancreas, prostate, and gall bladder. The follow up period was 3-21 months (mean 11.8 months). All medical records and imaging analyses were reviewed by CTA and/or color Doppler US, retrospectively. Successful endoluminal repair was accomplished in all twelve patients. The mean interval time between EVAR and surgery was 58.6 days. Small amounts of type 2 endoleaks were detected in two patients (17%). One patient developed adult respiratory distress syndrome after Whipple's operation 20 days after surgery, which led to hopeless discharge. No procedure-related mortality, morbidity, or graft-related infection was noted. Exclusion of AAA in patients with accompanying malignancy show with a relatively low procedure morbidity and mortality. Hence, endoluminal AAA repair in patients with synchronous neoplasia may allow greater flexibility in the management of an offending malignancy

Endovascular Exclusion of an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Patients with Concomitant Abdominal Malignancy: Early Experience

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Choi, You Ri; Chang, Nam Kyu; Shin, Hyo Hyun; Oh, Hyun Jun; Kim, Jae Kyu; Choi, Soo Jin Na; Chung, Sang Young; Yim, Nam Yeol

2010-01-01

To assess the outcomes of endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) for the treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm in patients undergoing curative surgical treatment for concomitant abdominal malignancy. The study included 12 patients with abdominal neoplasia and an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), which was treated by surgery and stent EVAR. The neoplasm consisted of the gastric, colorectal, pancreas, prostate, and gall bladder. The follow up period was 3-21 months (mean 11.8 months). All medical records and imaging analyses were reviewed by CTA and/or color Doppler US, retrospectively. Successful endoluminal repair was accomplished in all twelve patients. The mean interval time between EVAR and surgery was 58.6 days. Small amounts of type 2 endoleaks were detected in two patients (17%). One patient developed adult respiratory distress syndrome after Whipple's operation 20 days after surgery, which led to hopeless discharge. No procedure-related mortality, morbidity, or graft-related infection was noted. Exclusion of AAA in patients with accompanying malignancy show with a relatively low procedure morbidity and mortality. Hence, endoluminal AAA repair in patients with synchronous neoplasia may allow greater flexibility in the management of an offending malignancy

Cost and Reimbursement for Three Fibroid Treatments: Abdominal Hysterectomy, Abdominal Myomectomy, and Uterine Fibroid Embolization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goldberg, Jay; Bussard, Anne; McNeil, Jean; Diamond, James

2007-01-01

Purpose. To compare costs and reimbursements for three different treatments for uterine fibroids. Methods. Costs and reimbursements were collected and analyzed from the Thomas Jefferson University Hospital decision support database from 540 women who underwent abdominal hysterectomy (n 299), abdominal myomectomy (n = 105), or uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) (n = 136) for uterine fibroids during 2000-2002. We used the chi-square test and ANOVA, followed by Fisher's Least Significant Difference test, for statistical analysis. Results. The mean total hospital cost (US$) for UFE was $2,707, which was significantly less than for hysterectomy ($5,707) or myomectomy ($5,676) (p < 0.05). The mean hospital net income (hospital net reimbursement minus total hospital cost) for UFE was $57, which was significantly greater than for hysterectomy (-$572) or myomectomy (-$715) (p < 0.05). The mean professional (physician) reimbursements for UFE, hysterectomy, and myomectomy were $1,306, $979, and $1,078, respectively. Conclusion. UFE has lower hospital costs and greater hospital net income than abdominal hysterectomy or abdominal myomectomy for treating uterine fibroids. UFE may be more financially advantageous than hysterectomy or myomectomy for the insurer, hospital, and health care system. Costs and reimbursements may vary amongst different hospitals and regions

Review article: the functional abdominal pain syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Sperber, A D; Drossman, D A

2011-03-01

Functional abdominal pain syndrome (FAPS) is a debilitating disorder with constant or nearly constant abdominal pain, present for at least 6 months and loss of daily functioning. To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment of FAPS. A literature review using the keywords: functional abdominal pain, chronic abdominal pain, irritable bowel syndrome and functional gastrointestinal disorders. No epidemiological studies have focused specifically on FAPS. Estimates of prevalence range from 0.5% to 1.7% and tend to show a female predominance. FAPS pathophysiology appears unique in that the pain is caused primarily by amplified central perception of normal visceral input, rather than by enhanced peripheral stimulation from abdominal viscera. The diagnosis of FAPS is symptom-based in accordance with the Rome III diagnostic criteria. These criteria are geared to identify patients with severe symptoms as they require constant or nearly constant abdominal pain with loss of daily function and are differentiated from IBS based on their non-association with changes in bowel habit, eating or other gut-related events. As cure is not feasible, the aims of treatment are reduced suffering and improved quality of life. Treatment is based on a biopsychosocial approach with a therapeutic patient-physician partnership at its base. Therapeutic options include central nonpharmacological and pharmacological modalities and peripheral modalities. These can be combined to produce an augmentation effect. Although few studies have assessed functional abdominal pain syndrome or its treatment specifically, the treatment strategies outlined in this paper appear to be effective. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Modelos de Requisitos Basados en I* para Detectar Proactividad en Dashboards

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Alain Pérez-Acosta

2014-06-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del trabajo es presentar modelos para la captura de los requisitos de un dashboard para detectar un comportamiento proactivo. Estos modelos siguen un enfoque orientado hacia metas y fueron creados con el marco de trabajo i*, que toma como base las premisas del modelado social. Para detectar el comportamiento proactivo se usaron patrones basados en modelos de i* para detectar proactividad en la etapa de requisitos de un sistema de software. Los modelos que se obtienen como resultado del trabajo tienen representados los actores, metas, intenciones, tareas y recursos que se necesitan para modelar los requisitos de un dashboard con un comportamiento proactivo y pueden, además, ser utilizados en distintos contextos de negocio.

GRUPO EMPRESARIAL ANTIOQUEÑO 1978-2002 ANÁLISIS DEL MODELO EMPRESARIAL

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Carlos Felipe Londoño

Full Text Available Como se había planteado en el artículo "Grupo Empresarial Antioqueño. Evolución de políticas y estrategias, 1978-2002", publicado en el número 1 de la Revista EIA, el análisis de las políticas y estrategias del GEA debe conducir a un modelo que permita pensar y estructurar el futuro del Grupo, a la luz de los cambios que afronta el país y el mundo. En esta oportunidad se presenta un análisis DOFA del modelo histórico del GEA, denominado .modelo de enroque., con una propuesta de un nuevo esquema de gobierno que responda en forma oportuna a las circunstancias cambiantes del mundo: el modelo de "holdings".

CT evaluation of abdominal trauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang Ruiting

2004-01-01

Objective: An evaluation of CT diagnosis of abdominal trauma. Methods: CT appearance of abdominal trauma was analyzed retrospectively in 95 cases. thirty-three patients were cured by operation, and the other 59 patients received conservative treatment. Fifty-one patients out of 59 were seen healed or improved by a follow up CT scan after the conservative treatment. Results: The study included: 31 cases of splenic contusion, accompanying with hemoperitoneum in 25 cases; 3 cases of hepatic laceration; 33 cases of liver and spleen compound trauma accompanying with hemoperitoneum; 18 cases of renal contusion, with subcapsular hemorrhage in 12 cases; 4 cases of midriff colic; 3 cases of mesentery breach; 3 cases of digestive tract perforation. Conclusion: CT is sensitive and precise in evaluating abdominal trauma, providing important information for treatment. (author)

Subtotal versus total abdominal hysterectomy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Lea Laird; Ottesen, Bent; Alling Møller, Lars Mikael

2015-01-01

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to compare long-term results of subtotal vs total abdominal hysterectomy for benign uterine diseases 14 years after hysterectomy, with urinary incontinence as the primary outcome measure. STUDY DESIGN: This was a long-term follow-up of a multicenter......, randomized clinical trial without blinding. Eleven gynecological departments in Denmark contributed participants to the trial. Women referred for benign uterine diseases who did not have contraindications to subtotal abdominal hysterectomy were randomized to subtotal (n = 161) vs total (n = 158) abdominal...... from discharge summaries from all public hospitals in Denmark. The results were analyzed as intention to treat and per protocol. Possible bias caused by missing data was handled by multiple imputation. The primary outcome was urinary incontinence; the secondary outcomes were pelvic organ prolapse...

Simultaneous repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm and resection of unexpected, associated abdominal malignancies.

Science.gov (United States)

Illuminati, Giulio; Calio', Francesco G; D'Urso, Antonio; Lorusso, Riccardo; Ceccanei, Gianluca; Vietri, Francesco

2004-12-15

The management of unexpected intra-abdominal malignancy, discovered at laparotomy for elective treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), is controversial. It is still unclear whether both conditions should be treated simultaneously or a staged approach is to be preferred. To contribute in improving treatment guidelines, we retrospectively reviewed the records of patients undergoing laparotomy for elective AAA repair. From January 1994 to March 2003, 253 patients underwent elective, trans-peritoneal repair of an AAA. In four patients (1.6%), an associated, unexpected neoplasm was detected at abdominal exploration, consisting of one renal, one gastric, one ileal carcinoid, and one ascending colon tumor. All of them were treated at the same operation, after aortic repair and careful isolation of the prosthetic graft. The whole series' operative mortality was 3.6%. None of the patients simultaneously treated for AAA and tumor resection died in the postoperative period. No graft-related infections were observed. Simultaneous treatment of AAA and tumor did not prolong significantly the mean length of stay in the hospital, compared to standard treatment of AAA alone. Except for malignancies of organs requiring major surgical resections, simultaneous AAA repair and resection of an associated, unexpected abdominal neoplasm can be safely performed, in most of the patients, sparing the need for a second procedure. Endovascular grafting of the AAA can be a valuable tool in simplifying simultaneous treatment, or in staging the procedures with a very short delay.

Longitudinal changes in abdominal fat distribution with menopause.

Science.gov (United States)

Franklin, Ruth M; Ploutz-Snyder, Lori; Kanaley, Jill A

2009-03-01

Increases in abdominal fat have been reported with menopause, but the impact of menopause on abdominal fat distribution (visceral vs subcutaneous) is still unclear. The objective of the study was to determine if abdominal fat content (volume) or distribution is altered with menopause. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to quantify total abdominal, subcutaneous, and visceral fat in 8 healthy women, both in the premenopausal state and 8 years later in the postmenopausal state. Physical activity (PA) and blood lipids were also measured. Body weight and waist circumference did not change with menopause (pre- vs postmenopause: body weight, 63.2 +/- 3.1 vs 63.9 +/- 2.5 kg; waist circumference, 92.1 +/- 4.6 vs 93.4 +/- 3.7 cm); however, total abdominal fat, subcutaneous fat, and visceral fat all significantly (P fat distribution was not significantly different after menopause (pre- vs postmenopause: subcutaneous, 73% +/- 3% vs 71% +/- 3%; visceral, 26% +/- 3% vs 28% +/- 3%). Lean mass, fat mass, and PA, along with total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, did not change with menopause. High-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein both increased (P abdominal fat content increased with menopause despite no change in PA, body weight, or waist circumference; however, menopause did not affect the relative abdominal fat distribution in these women.

Prophylactic antibiotics for penetrating abdominal trauma.

Science.gov (United States)

Brand, Martin; Grieve, Andrew

2013-11-18

Penetrating abdominal trauma occurs when the peritoneal cavity is breached. Routine laparotomy for penetrating abdominal injuries began in the 1800s, with antibiotics first being used in World War II to combat septic complications associated with these injuries. This practice was marked with a reduction in sepsis-related mortality and morbidity. Whether prophylactic antibiotics are required in the prevention of infective complications following penetrating abdominal trauma is controversial, however, as no randomised placebo controlled trials have been published to date. There has also been debate about the timing of antibiotic prophylaxis. In 1972 Fullen noted a 7% to 11% post-surgical infection rate with pre-operative antibiotics, a 33% to 57% infection rate with intra-operative antibiotic administration and 30% to 70% infection rate with only post-operative antibiotic administration. Current guidelines state there is sufficient class I evidence to support the use of a single pre-operative broad spectrum antibiotic dose, with aerobic and anaerobic cover, and continuation (up to 24 hours) only in the event of a hollow viscus perforation found at exploratory laparotomy. To assess the benefits and harms of prophylactic antibiotics administered for penetrating abdominal injuries for the reduction of the incidence of septic complications, such as septicaemia, intra-abdominal abscesses and wound infections. Searches were not restricted by date, language or publication status. We searched the following electronic databases: the Cochrane Injuries Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library 2013, issue 12 of 12), MEDLINE (OvidSP), Embase (OvidSP), ISI Web of Science: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), ISI Web of Science: Conference Proceedings Citation Index- Science (CPCI-S) and PubMed. Searches were last conducted in January 2013. All randomised controlled trials of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with penetrating abdominal trauma versus no

Prueba para el error de ajuste de un modelo multivariante

OpenAIRE

Rodríguez, Luis H.

2012-01-01

En el ajuste de un modelo a una serie de observaciones se presenta el interesante problema de decidir sobre lo adecuado del modelo para describir tales observaciones .. Una prueba para esta clase de decisión se denomina "Error de ajuste", No conocíamos una tal prueba para el caso de un modelo multivariante  (cada observación es un vector), por lo que este articulo hacemos una extensión de la  técnica de  "error de ajuste" utilizada en el análisis  univariante al caso multivariante,  y se prod...

Diagnostic accuracy of low-dose CT compared with abdominal radiography in non-traumatic acute abdominal pain: prospective study and systematic review.

Science.gov (United States)

Alshamari, Muhammed; Norrman, Eva; Geijer, Mats; Jansson, Kjell; Geijer, Håkan

2016-06-01

Abdominal radiography is frequently used in acute abdominal non-traumatic pain despite the availability of more advanced diagnostic modalities. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of low-dose CT compared with abdominal radiography, at similar radiation dose levels. Fifty-eight patients were imaged with both methods and were reviewed independently by three radiologists. The reference standard was obtained from the diagnosis in medical records. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated. A systematic review was performed after a literature search, finding a total of six relevant studies including the present. Overall sensitivity with 95 % CI for CT was 75 % (66-83 %) and 46 % (37-56 %) for radiography. Specificity was 87 % (77-94 %) for both methods. In the systematic review the overall sensitivity for CT varied between 75 and 96 % with specificity from 83 to 95 % while the overall sensitivity for abdominal radiography varied between 30 and 77 % with specificity 75 to 88 %. Based on the current study and available evidence, low-dose CT has higher diagnostic accuracy than abdominal radiography and it should, where logistically possible, replace abdominal radiography in the workup of adult patients with acute non-traumatic abdominal pain. • Low-dose CT has a higher diagnostic accuracy than radiography. • A systematic review shows that CT has better diagnostic accuracy than radiography. • Radiography has no place in the workup of acute non-traumatic abdominal pain.

Comparación de la satisfacción de los usuarios de atención domiciliaria: modelo integrado vs. modelo dispensarizado

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Marta Gorina

2014-06-01

Conclusiones: El grado de satisfacción de los pacientes de atención primaria domiciliaria parece depender de las características propias de cada modelo organizativo, siendo el modelo dispensarizado el que presenta un mayor grado de satisfacción o calidad asistencial percibida. Se debería realizar un mayor número de estudios para generalizar estos resultados a otros centros de atención primaria pertenecientes a otras instituciones.

UM MODELO INFORMACIONAL PARA EMPRESAS MULTIPLANTA

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Rogério Matos Dias

2006-09-01

Full Text Available Este estudo objetiva conceber, testar e demonstrar a aplicabilidade de um modelo informacional que possibilite a gestão integrada das operações da cadeia de suprimentos para firmas geograficamente dispersas – também denominadas empresas multiplanta. Para tanto, foram aplicados os métodos de pesquisa de caso e pesquisa-ação em uma empresa representativa do setor mínero-metalúrgico em âmbito mundial, a Rio Doce Manganês S.A., subsidiária da Cia. Vale do Rio Doce. A pesquisa pretende demonstrar que o modelo de sistema informacional proposto, por meio da automatização dos processos transacionais e gerenciais, é capaz de prover recursos de planejamento e controle nos níveis operacional, tático e estratégico, devido a sua capacidade de incrementar velocidade e qualidade nos processos de análise e decisão. Adicionalmente, pretende conduzir, após análise dos resultados e avaliação das contribuições a empresa estudada, a um modelo informacional adequado para gerir as operações de outras empresas de mineração e metalurgia com características semelhantes.

Asymptomatic Incisional Endometrioma Presenting as Abdominal ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Asymptomatic incisional endometrioma of the anterior abdominal wall is rare. Clinical diagnosis may be difficult. We present a 26 year old woman with incisional abdominal wall endometrioma discovered 5 years after caeserian section. It was painless and there was no change in size with menstruation. The patient's body ...

Reducing Abdominal Fat Deposition in Broiler Through Feeding Management

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Cecep Hidayat

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Abdominal fat in broiler carcass is considered as a waste and its existence reduces the carcass quality. Abdominal fat deposition is affected by several factors such as genetic, nutrition, feed, sex, age and environment. Reducing abdominal fat deposition can be carried out by regulating the nutrient intake to ensure that no excessive nutrient was consumed. Nutrition effects to reduce abdominal fat deposition are associated with nutrient concentration of ration and quantity of daily feed intake. Daily nutrient intake can be limited, especially through restricted feeding. It is concluded that an appropriate feeding management can reduce abdominal fat deposition in broiler.

Abdominal injuries in communal crises: The Jos experience

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Emmanuel Olorundare Ojo

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Abdominal injuries contribute significantly to battlefield trauma morbidity and mortality. This study sought to determine the incidence, demographics, clinical features, spectrum, severity, management, and outcome of abdominal trauma during a civilian conflict. Materials and Methods: A prospective analysis of patients treated for abdominal trauma during the Jos civil crises between December 2010 and May 2012 at the Jos University Teaching Hospital. Results: A total of 109 victims of communal conflicts with abdominal injuries were managed during the study period with 89 (81.7% males and 20 (18.3% females representing about 12.2% of the total 897 combat related injuries. The peak age incidence was between 21 and 40 years (range: 3–71 years. The most frequently injured intra-abdominal organs were the small intestine 69 (63.3%, colon 48 (44%, and liver 41 (37.6%. Forty-four (40.4% patients had extra-abdominal injuries involving the chest in 17 (15.6%, musculoskeletal 12 (11%, and the head in 9 (8.3%. The most prevalent weapon injuries were gunshot 76 (69.7%, explosives 12 (11%, stab injuries 11 (10.1%, and blunt abdominal trauma 10 (9.2%. The injury severity score varied from 8 to 52 (mean: 20.8 with a fatality rate of 11 (10.1% and morbidity rate of 29 (26.6%. Presence of irreversible shock, 3 or more injured intra-abdominal organs, severe head injuries, and delayed presentation were the main factors associated with mortality. Conclusion: Abdominal trauma is major life-threatening injuries during conflicts. Substantial mortality occurred with loss of nearly one in every 10 hospitalized victims despite aggressive emergency room resuscitation. The resources expenditure, propensity for death and expediency of timing reinforce the need for early access to the wounded in a concerted trauma care systems.

Clima organizacional: análise fatorial confirmatória de modelos de mensuração concorrentes

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Daniel Ioshiteru Kinpara

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar qual modelo de mensuração para a Escala Clima Organizacional (ECO ajusta-se melhor aos dados. Quatro modelos concorrentes foram comparados: 1 o modelo de sete fatores de Laros e Puente-Palacios; 2 um modelo de cinco fatores derivado do modelo anterior; 3 um modelo de seis fatores baseado na teoria de campo vital de Lewin; e 4 um modelo de três fatores baseado na teoria de motivação de McClelland. Foram analisados os dados de 9.901 respondentes da ECO. Os resultados de análise fatorial confirmatória indicaram o modelo de três fatores como o melhor. Todos os modelos mostram ajuste suficiente aos dados. Sugere-se que a escolha do modelo baseie-se na finalidade de uso da escala.

Imaging the Abdominal Manifestations of Cystic Fibrosis

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C. D. Gillespie

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Cystic fibrosis (CF is a multisystem disease with a range of abdominal manifestations including those involving the liver, pancreas, and kidneys. Recent advances in management of the respiratory complications of the disease has led to a greater life expectancy in patients with CF. Subsequently, there is increasing focus on the impact of abdominal disease on quality of life and survival. Liver cirrhosis is the most important extrapulmonary cause of death in CF, yet significant challenges remain in the diagnosis of CF related liver disease. The capacity to predict those patients at risk of developing cirrhosis remains a significant challenge. We review representative abdominal imaging findings in patients with CF selected from the records of two academic health centres, with a view to increasing familiarity with the abdominal manifestations of the disease. We review their presentation and expected imaging findings, with a focus on the challenges facing diagnosis of the hepatic manifestations of the disease. An increased familiarity with these abdominal manifestations will facilitate timely diagnosis and management, which is paramount to further improving outcomes for patients with cystic fibrosis.

Cambios en la aptitud física en un grupo de mujeres adultas mayores bajo el modelo de envejecimiento activo

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Jorge Enrique Correa Bautista

2012-01-01

Objetivo. El propósito de la investigación fue describir los cambios en la aptitud física posterior a un programa de intervención de actividad física basado en el modelo de envejecimiento activo en 21 sujetos de al menos 60 años, de una localidad  de la ciudad de Bogotá-Colombia. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, serie de casos, que analizó cambios en los componentes de la aptitud física, luego de la implementación de un programa de actividad física, con duración igual o mayor a una hora por día, cinco días por semana, durante 12 semanas. Se aplicó la batería Senior Fitness Test (SFT y la encuesta de comportamiento frente a la  actividad física de Bess Marcus, previo consentimiento informado de los sujetos participantes. Resultados. La evaluación final mostró cambios estadísticamente significativos con un IC 95% en las variables medidas como: peso, índice de masa corporal, perímetro abdominal, porcentaje graso (porcentaje magro, fuerza flexibilidad resistencia cardiovascular y agilidad. Conclusiones. Los programas de actividad física basados en el modelo de envejecimiento activo proporcionan cambios en la aptitud física especialmente en la fuerza de resistencia, la resistencia aeróbica, la agilidad motora, la  flexibilidad y la composición corporal.

Modelo de Comportamiento Afectivo para Sistemas Tutores Inteligentes

OpenAIRE

Hernández Pérez, María Y.

2008-01-01

Las emociones se han reconocido como parte fundamental de la motivación, y la motivación como un componente indispensable en el aprendizaje. En este documento se propone un modelo de comportamiento afectivo para sistemas tutores inteligentes. Dicho modelo combina el estado afectivo y pedagógico de los estudiantes para establecer las acciones tutoriales. En el contexto de este trabajo, el comportamiento afectivo tiene dos funciones principales: 1) inferir el estado afectivo del estudiante; y 2...

Modelo de competencias del profesor de medicina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Martínez-González

Full Text Available Objetivo. Generar el modelo de competencias del profesor para ejercer la docencia de alto nivel en Medicina. Materiales y métodos. Para generar el modelo se analizó la bibliografía, el propósito del plan de estudio por competencias y se utilizó el método Developing a Curriculum (DACUM, con la participación de 35 expertos que integraron mediante consenso el trabajo que debe realizar un docente de medicina para cumplir con éxito el propósito del plan de estudio. Resultados. Se identificaron las funciones básicas de los profesores de medicina, así como las actividades para su cumplimiento. Se conformó el modelo con seis competencias: disciplinaria, de investigación, psicopedagógica, de comunicación, académico-administrativa y humanística. Conclusiones. El modelo pretende guiar las acciones de los profesores que actualmente participan en el programa y aquellos que aspiran a formar parte del proceso educativo; elaborar programas para la formación de profesores que favorezcan el desarrollo de competencias académicas; identificar elementos que se deben considerar para la evaluación del desempeño docente; orientar el diseño de indicadores útiles para otorgar reconocimientos y estímulos a los profesores cuyo desempeño académico sea excepcional; orientar al estudiante, en la relación profesor-alumno, sobre las funciones y actividades que puede esperar del profesor.

Análisis de la apertura comercial en México mediante modelos multisectoriales, 1970-93.

OpenAIRE

Chapa Cantú, Joana Cecilia

2003-01-01

En esta tesis se analiza y calcula el impacto de la apertura comercial mexicana y el efecto marginal del TLCAN sobre la estructura productiva, niveles de actividad y redistribución de recursos. Esta política es analizada en un entorno de interdependencia general, implementando tres modelos multisectoriales y estáticos: Modelo Input-Output, Modelo Lineal SAM o de Multiplicadores Contables y un Modelo de Equilibrio General Computable (MEGC). El Modelo Input-Ouput permite calcular indicadores de...

Las emociones en el deporte: conceptos empleados en un modelo tridimensional

OpenAIRE

Latinjak, Alexander T.; López Ros, Víctor; Font Lladó, Raquel

2014-01-01

La psicología del deporte utiliza modelos dimensionales para organizar el complejo mundo de las emociones. Este trabajo estudia los conceptos empleados en el modelo de Latinjak (2012), que incorpora la perspectiva temporal a las dimensiones tradicionales de valor y activación en el ámbito deportivo. El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue determinar los conceptos más pertinentes para las ocho emociones principales del modelo. Para ello se realizó una investigación en tres etapas consis...

Las emociones en el deporte : conceptos empleados en un modelo tridimensional

OpenAIRE

Latinjak, Alexander T.

2014-01-01

La psicología del deporte utiliza modelos dimensionales para organizar el complejo mundo de las emociones. Este trabajo estudia los conceptos empleados en el modelo de Latinjak (2012), que incorpora la perspectiva temporal a las dimensiones tradicionales de valor y activación en el ámbito deportivo. El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue determinar los conceptos más pertinentes para las ocho emociones principales del modelo. Para ello se realizó una investigación en tres etapas consis...

MODELOS CONSTITUTIVOS DRUCKER PRAGER EXTENDIDO Y DRUCKER PRAGER MODIFICADO PARA SUELOS RHODIC FERRALSOL

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Omar González Cueto

2014-10-01

Full Text Available La aplicación del Método de Elementos Finitos (MEF a la solución de problemas de compactación del suelo, para las condiciones tropicales, necesita de modelos constitutivos validados para estos tipos de suelos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue validar los modelos constitutivos Drucker Prager Extendido (DPE y Drucker Prager Modificado (DPM para un suelo Rhodic Ferralsol. La metodología empleada incluyó el desarrollo, en el software Abaqus/Standard 6.8-1, de un modelo en MEF que simula un ensayo triaxial, a partir del cual se predijo la curva esfuerzo-deformación del suelo. Las propiedades del material se representaron con los modelos constitutivos DPE y DPM. Para la validación de los modelos se realizaron ensayos triaxiales a probetas remoldeadas del suelo objeto de estudio. Los estadísticos de Kolmogorov-Smirnov (P < 0.05, demostraron el adecuado ajuste entre resultados experimentales y predicciones, cuando se utilizan los modelos constitutivos DPE y DPM para representar la respuesta mecánica del suelo Rhodic Ferralsol, tanto en condiciones de falla frágil como plástica. Los resultados validan ambos modelos constitutivos para su empleo como modelos del material en la implementación del MEF a la solución de problemas de compactación del suelo. El modelo DPE demanda menor capacidad computacional, requiere menor cantidad de parámetros constitutivos y estos se puedan obtener con el equipamiento tradicionalmente disponible en los laboratorios de mecánica de suelos, lo cual lo hace más asequible para su utilización.

Modelos de horno de arco eléctrico para estudios del efecto flicker

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Catalina González Castaño

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar las fluctuaciones de voltaje o flicker de dos modelos de un horno de arco eléctrico a través de la comparación con datos reales. Método: El primer modelo se fundamenta a partir del principio de conservación de la energía, de la cual se obtiene una ecuación diferencial no lineal que captura la característica voltaje – corriente del arco eléctrico. Las fluctuaciones de voltaje se generan con un circuito de caos que modula la amplitud del voltaje del arco eléctrico. El segundo modelo está basado en las relaciones empíricas entre la longitud de arco, la tensión y la corriente a través del arco. Las fluctuaciones de voltaje se obtienen agregando una señal aleatoria a la longitud del arco eléctrico. Ambos modelos son implementados en PSCADTM. Resultados: Los resultados de ambos modelos son comparados con mediciones reales tomadas en la etapa más crítica de la operación del horno, y muestran que el modelo basado en la conservación de la potencia presenta un menor error medio cuadrático promedio en los voltajes y corrientes de 5,6 V y 1.7 kA frente a 27,2 V y 3.38 kA obtenidos con el segundo modelo. Conclusiones: Ambos modelos consideran la no linealidad y comportamiento aleatorio que exhibe este tipo de carga, validando su inclusión en modelos computacionales de sistemas eléctricos de potencia.

Abdominal wall hernia and pregnancy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, K K; Henriksen, N A; Jorgensen, L N

2015-01-01

PURPOSE: There is no consensus as to the treatment strategy for abdominal wall hernias in fertile women. This study was undertaken to review the current literature on treatment of abdominal wall hernias in fertile women before or during pregnancy. METHODS: A literature search was undertaken in Pub......Med and Embase in combination with a cross-reference search of eligible papers. RESULTS: We included 31 papers of which 23 were case reports. In fertile women undergoing sutured or mesh repair, pain was described in a few patients during the last trimester of a subsequent pregnancy. Emergency surgery...... of incarcerated hernias in pregnant women, as well as combined hernia repair and cesarean section appears as safe procedures. No major complications were reported following hernia repair before or during pregnancy. The combined procedure of elective cesarean section and abdominal wall hernia repair was reported...

Abdominal radiation causes bacterial translocation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guzman-Stein, G.; Bonsack, M.; Liberty, J.; Delaney, J.P.

1989-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine if a single dose of radiation to the rat abdomen leads to bacterial translocation into the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). A second issue addressed was whether translocation correlates with anatomic damage to the mucosa. The radiated group (1100 cGy) which received anesthesia also was compared with a control group and a third group which received anesthesia alone but no abdominal radiation. Abdominal radiation lead to 100% positive cultures of MLN between 12 hr and 4 days postradiation. Bacterial translocation was almost nonexistent in the control and anesthesia group. Signs of inflammation and ulceration of the intestinal mucosa were not seen until Day 3 postradiation. Mucosal damage was maximal by Day 4. Bacterial translocation onto the MLN after a single dose of abdominal radiation was not apparently dependent on anatomical, histologic damage of the mucosa

CT diagnosis of abdominal ectopic pheochromocytoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Yuping; Zhao Zhiying

2010-01-01

Objective: To discuss the value of CT in diagnosis of abdominal ectopic pheochromocytoma. Methods: CT findings of 5 cases surgically and pathologically proved with ectopic pheochromocytoma were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Soft tissue mass with light asymmetry enhancement was found between the abdominal aorta and the inferior vena ca-va in one case. 1 case was completely cystic with light enhancement of the cystwall located in front of the left side of the abdominal aorta. 1 case of large solid mass occurred between the renal hilum and the tail of pancreas, with irregular shape, unclear boundary, central necrosis, calcification and obviously enhancement at the solid part. 2 cases showed as oval soft lump with even density, moderate strengthening located before the abdominal aorta. Paroxysmal hypertension occurred in 3 cases and didn't in 2 cases. Hypertension happened in 1 case during the operation because of stimulation. Blood pressure appeared in 1 case during and after operation. Blood and urinary catecholamine increased significantly in 4 cases. Conclusion: Ectopic pheochromocytoma mainly located surround the abdominal aorta with diverse CT performance. It is helpful for diagnosing when finding a lesion locates at the specified sites combined with typical clinical presentation. CT can not only depict small tumor, but also can show the relationship with surrounding structure, and it provides important information for the operation and prognosis. (authors)

OUR EXPERIENCE WITH BLUNT ABDOMINAL TRAUMA

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Ankareddi Vijaya Lakshmi

2016-12-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND Blunt abdominal trauma is an emergency and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study is to study incidence, demographic profile, epidemiological factors, mechanism of trauma, treatment modalities, associated injuries, postoperative complications and morbidity and mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of 72 patients of blunt abdominal trauma who were admitted in government general hospital between May 2013 to April 2015 in Department of General Surgery, Government General Hospital, Guntur, with in a span of 24 months were studied. Demographic data, mechanism of trauma, management and outcome were studied. RESULTS Most of the patients in our study were in the age group of 21-30 years. Spleen was the commonest organ involved and most common procedure performed was splenectomy. Most common extra-abdominal injury was rib fractures. Wound infection was the commonest complication. CONCLUSION Initial resuscitative measures, thorough clinical examination and correct diagnosis forms the vital part of the management. FAST is more useful in blunt abdominal trauma patients who are unstable. X-ray revealed 100% accuracy in hollow viscous perforation in blunt abdominal trauma patients. CT abdomen is more useful in stable patients. Definitive indication for laparotomy was haemodynamic instability and peritonitis. Associated injuries influenced morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can save many lives.

Point Organ Radiation Dose in Abdominal CT: Effect of Patient Off-Centering in an Experimental Human Cadaver Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Ali Khawaja, Ranish Deedar; Singh, Sarabjeet; Padole, Atul; Otrakji, Alexi; Lira, Diego; Zhang, Da; Liu, Bob; Primak, Andrew; Xu, George; Kalra, Mannudeep K

2017-08-01

To determine the effect of patient off-centering on point organ radiation dose measurements in a human cadaver scanned with routine abdominal CT protocol. A human cadaver (88 years, body-mass-index 20 kg/m2) was scanned with routine abdominal CT protocol on 128-slice dual source MDCT (Definition Flash, Siemens). A total of 18 scans were performed using two scan protocols (a) 120 kV-200 mAs fixed-mA (CTDIvol 14 mGy) (b) 120 kV-125 ref mAs (7 mGy) with automatic exposure control (AEC, CareDose 4D) at three different positions (a) gantry isocenter, (b) upward off-centering and (c) downward off-centering. Scanning was repeated three times at each position. Six thimble (in liver, stomach, kidney, pancreas, colon and urinary bladder) and four MOSFET dosimeters (on cornea, thyroid, testicle and breast) were placed for calculation of measured point organ doses. Organ dose estimations were retrieved from dose-tracking software (eXposure, Radimetrics). Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance. There was a significant difference between the trends of point organ doses with AEC and fixed-mA at all three positions (p 92% for both protocols; p < 0.0001). For both protocols, the highest mean difference in point doses was found for stomach and lowest for colon. Measured absorbed point doses in abdominal CT vary with patient-centering in the gantry isocenter. Due to lack of consideration of patient positioning in the dose estimation on automatic software-over estimation of the doses up to 92% was reported. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Unusual causes of abdominal pain: sickle cell anemia.

Science.gov (United States)

Ahmed, Shahid; Shahid, Rabia K; Russo, Linda A

2005-04-01

Sickle cell disease is characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia and vaso-occlusive painful crises. The vascular occlusion in sickle cell disease is a complex process and accounts for the majority of the clinical manifestation of the disease. Abdominal pain is an important component of vaso-occlusive painful crises. It often represents a substantial diagnostic challenge in this population of patients. These episodes are often attributed to micro-vessel occlusion and infarcts of mesentery and abdominal viscera. Abdominal pain due to sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis is often indistinguishable from an acute intra-abdominal disease process such as acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, hepatic infarction, ischemic colitis and acute appendicitis. In the majority of cases, however, no specific cause is identified and spontaneous resolution occurs. This chapter will focus on etiologies, pathophysiology and management of abdominal pain in patients with sickle cell disease.

Computed tomography and nonoperative treatment for blunt abdominal trauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Watanabe, Shinsuke; Ishi, Takashi; Kamachi, Masahiro; Takahashi, Toshio.

1990-01-01

Studies were undertaken to determine if computed tomography (CT) could reliably assist physical examination in the initial assessment of blunt abdominal trauma, and also to examine how various abdominal injuries were managed with the guidance of CT. A total of 255 patients underwent emergency abdominal CT following blunt abdominal trauma over a period of seven years. One hundred and fifty two patients had abnormal CT scans, including 58 hepatic, 36 renal, 25 splenic and 9 pancreatic injuries as well as 67 patients with intra-abdominal hemorrhage and 21 patients with free abdominal air. A comparative study on the detection of pneumoperitoneum revealed CT to be far superior to plain radiography. One hundred and three patients had normal CT scans, all of whom were managed nonoperatively, except for three false-negative cases and two nontherapeutic cases. The patients with injury to the parenchymal organs were given nonoperative treatment if they had stable vital signs and no evidence of associated injuries demanding immediate surgery and the majority of these patients were managed well nonoperatively. CT was thus found to be a useful adjunct in the management of victims of blunt abdominal trauma, since in a rapid and noninvasive fashion, CT accurately defined the extent of parenchymal organ injury and also disclosed any other abdominal injuries. (author)

Computed tomography and nonoperative treatment for blunt abdominal trauma

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Watanabe, Shinsuke; Ishi, Takashi; Kamachi, Masahiro [Saiseikai Shiga Hospital, Shiga (Japan); Takahashi, Toshio

1990-01-01

Studies were undertaken to determine if computed tomography (CT) could reliably assist physical examination in the initial assessment of blunt abdominal trauma, and also to examine how various abdominal injuries were managed with the guidance of CT. A total of 255 patients underwent emergency abdominal CT following blunt abdominal trauma over a period of seven years. One hundred and fifty two patients had abnormal CT scans, including 58 hepatic, 36 renal, 25 splenic and 9 pancreatic injuries as well as 67 patients with intra-abdominal hemorrhage and 21 patients with free abdominal air. A comparative study on the detection of pneumoperitoneum revealed CT to be far superior to plain radiography. One hundred and three patients had normal CT scans, all of whom were managed nonoperatively, except for three false-negative cases and two nontherapeutic cases. The patients with injury to the parenchymal organs were given nonoperative treatment if they had stable vital signs and no evidence of associated injuries demanding immediate surgery and the majority of these patients were managed well nonoperatively. CT was thus found to be a useful adjunct in the management of victims of blunt abdominal trauma, since in a rapid and noninvasive fashion, CT accurately defined the extent of parenchymal organ injury and also disclosed any other abdominal injuries. (author).

[Abdominal Tuberculosis in children and adolescents. A diagnostic challenge].

Science.gov (United States)

Reto Valiente, Luz; Pichilingue Reto, Catherina; Pichilingue Prieto, Oscar; Dolores Cerna, Ketty

2015-01-01

To present our experience with abdominal tuberculosis in children and adolescents treated in our hospital from 2003 - 2014. It is a retrospective study. We have collected clinical records of inpatients overweight or obese and only 23.33% suffered of malnutrition. TB contact was present in 10 (33.33%). Positive tuberculin skin tests were seen in 10%. Extra-abdominal tuberculosis was found in 22 patients (63.32%). 12 cases had coexisting pulmonary tuberculosis and 4 cases had pleural effusion. 12 patients (40%) had tuberculous peritonitis; 12 patients (40%) had intestinal tuberculosis and peritoneal tuberculosis and 4 patients (13.33%) had intestinal tuberculosis. Bacteriological confirmation of tuberculosis was achieved in 10 cases (33.33%). Antituberculous therapy for 6 months was effective in 29 cases. One patient died who multifocal tuberculosis with HIV had associated. Abdominal tuberculosis is seen in 4.37% of children affected with tuberculosis, of which over 63% will have extra abdominal manifestations. Abdominal tuberculosis should be considered in patients with abdominal pain, fever, weight loss and abnormal chest radiography. Imaging can be useful for early diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis.

Ultrasonography in abdominal emergencies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Risi, D.; Alessi, G.; Meli, C.; Marzano, M.; Fiori, E.; Caterino, S.

1989-01-01

From February 1986 to March 1988 113 abdominal US exams were performed in emergency situation to evaluate the accuracy of this methodology: 13 were blunt traumas, 18 post-operative complications. A real-time scanner with a linear probe of 5 MHz was employed. The results were confirmed by surgical and/or clinical and instrumental evaluation. In 81% of the examinations, ultrasonography allowed a diagnosis to be made. Gallbladder and biliary pathologies were the most common findings. The results (sensibility 96%, specificity 88%, accuracy 95%) confirm the affidability of ultrasonography in abdominal emergencies, as shown in literature

Heterotopic bone formation as a result of abdominal polytrauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Petkov, G.; Penev, B.; Kirova, G.; Ruskova, E.; Karagiozov, P.

2015-01-01

Full text: Heterotopic bone formation within the abdominal cavity is a rare complication of the posttraumatic abdominal surgery. There are only few cases reported in the medical literature and most of them involve the mesentery or the abdominal wall. A case of 49y-old men is presented who developed intraabdominal heterotopic ossifications as a consequence of numeral exploratory laparotomies performed after a blunt abdominal trauma. The condition was detected during the follow-up MDCT 11 months later. The case is of interest because of the rarity of the condition and the diffuse character of the calcifications in the abdominal structures, which could pose some differential diagnostic difficulties

Jejunal perforation caused by abdominal angiostrongyliasis Perfuração jejunal causada por angiostrongilíase abdominal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jaques WAISBERG

1999-09-01

Full Text Available The authors describe a case of abdominal angiostrongyliasis in an adult patient presenting acute abdominal pain caused by jejunal perforation. The case was unusual, as this affliction habitually involves the terminal ileum, appendix, cecum or ascending colon. The disease is caused by the nematode Angiostrongylus costaricensis, whose definitive hosts are forest rodents while snails and slugs are its intermediate hosts. Infection in humans is accidental and occurs via the ingestion of snail or slug mucoid secretions found on vegetables, or by direct contact with the mucus. Abdominal angiostrongyliasis is clinically characterized by prolonged fever, anorexia, abdominal pain in the right-lower quadrant, and peripheral blood eosinophilia. Although usually of a benign nature, its course may evolve to more complicated forms such as intestinal obstruction or perforation likely to require a surgical approach. Currently, no efficient medication for the treatment of abdominal angiostrongyliasis is known to be available. In this study, the authors provide a review on the subject, considering its etiopathogeny, clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment.Os autores descrevem caso de angiostrongilíase abdominal em doente adulto que se manifestou como abdômen agudo devido à perfuração de alça jejunal, evento raro, uma vez que esta afecção geralmente envolve o íleo terminal, apêndice, ceco ou cólon ascendente. A doença é causada pelo nematódeo Angiostrongylus costaricensis cujos hospedeiros definitivos são roedores silvestres e os hospedeiros intermediários são caracóis e caramujos. A infecção em humanos é acidental e ocorre pela ingestão de secreção mucóide destes invertebrados presentes em vegetais ou por contato direto com o muco. A angiostrongilíase abdominal é clinicamente caracterizada pela presença de febre prolongada, anorexia, dor no quadrante inferior direito do abdômen e eosinofilia periférica. Embora a doença seja de

Modelos reológicos aplicados a masas de trigo y maíz

OpenAIRE

Rodriguez Sandoval, Eduardo; Fernández Quintero, Alejandro; Ayala Aponte, Alfredo

2005-01-01

Los modelos reológicos de un alimento procesado permiten simular la respuesta del material a un esfuerzo o deformación aplicada, al igual que predecir el comportamiento del material de acuerdo a su composición y su forma de preparación. Su aplicación se puede llevar a cabo cuando se tienen datos experimentales expresados en unidades fundamentales. Este artículo describe dos modelos reológicos empleados en el estudio de masas de trigo y maíz, el modelo extensional biaxial y el modelo dinámico ...

Modelos reológicos aplicados a masas de trigo y maíz

OpenAIRE

Rodríguez Sandoval, Eduardo; Fernández Quintero, Alejandro; Ayala Aponte, Alfredo

2010-01-01

Los modelos reológicos de un alimento procesado permiten simular la respuesta del material a un esfuerzo o deformación aplicada, al igual que predecir el comportamiento del material de acuerdo a su composición y su forma de preparación. Su aplicación se puede llevar a cabo cuando se tienen datos experimentales expresados en unidades fundamentales. Este artIculo describe dos modelos reológicos empleados en el estudio de masas de trigo y maIz, el modelo extensional biaxial y el modelo dinámico...

EL MODELO DE REGRESIÓN LOGÍSTICA PARA EL CASO EN QUE LA VARIABLE DE RESPUESTA PUEDE ASUMIR UNO DE TRES NIVELES: ESTIMACIONES, PRUEBAS DE HIPÓTESIS Y SELECCIÓN DE MODELOS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Humberto Llinás Solano

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Este tratado sigue el siguiente esquema: se presenta, primero el vector score y la matriz de información de los modelos logístico y saturado multinomial con tres posibles niveles de respuesta a partir de la primera y segunda derivada de la función de verosimilitud respecto a los parámetros de los modelos; las relaciones entre el vector score y la matriz de información; la estandarización multivariante de las variables de entrada de cada modelo; las respectivas distribuciones asintóticas; las pruebas de comparación y selección de modelos que abarcan para la variable politómica con tres niveles los modelos logístico y saturado, logístico y submodelo, logístico con el modelo nulo, y logístico con el submodelo de una variable explicativa menos.

Abdominal epilepsy as an unusual cause ofabdominal pain: A case ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction: Abdominal pain, in etiology sometimes difficult to be defined, is a frequent complaint in childhood. Abdominal epilepsy is a rare cause of abdominal pain. Objectives: In this article, we report on 5 year old girl patient with abdominal epilepsy. Methods: Some investigations (stool investigation, routine blood tests, ...

Tratamiento endourológico de estenosis ureterales: Estudio experimental comparativo

OpenAIRE

Soria Gálvez, F.; Rioja Sanz, L.Á.; Blas Marín, M.; Durán Flores, Mª. E.; Usón Gargallo, J.

2005-01-01

Objetivo: Los objetivos de este estudio son la comparación de la eficacia y la eficiencia entre dos técnicas endourológicas para el tratamiento de estenosis ureterales en modelo animal, así como la valoración histológica de la cicatrización ureteral. Material y métodos: Se emplearon 10 animales de la sp. porcina. A los que se les sometió a un modelo experimental de estenosis ureteral. Transcurridas 4 semanas se realiza el diagnóstico de la obstrucción urinaria. Dividimos a los animales en 2 g...

Reducing Abdominal Fat Deposition in Broiler Through Feeding Management

OpenAIRE

Cecep Hidayat

2015-01-01

Abdominal fat in broiler carcass is considered as a waste and its existence reduces the carcass quality. Abdominal fat deposition is affected by several factors such as genetic, nutrition, feed, sex, age and environment. Reducing abdominal fat deposition can be carried out by regulating the nutrient intake to ensure that no excessive nutrient was consumed. Nutrition effects to reduce abdominal fat deposition are associated with nutrient concentration of ration and quantity of daily feed intak...

COMPARISON OF EFFECTS OF ABDOMINAL STRETCHING EXERCISE AND COLD COMPRESS THERAPY ON MENSTRUAL PAIN INTENSITY IN TEENAGE GIRLS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Desta Ayu Cahya Rosyida

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Background: Pain during menstruation is not uncommon, especially in young women, which has an impact on their life activities. Objective: To examine the effect of abdominal stretching exercise and cold compress therapy on decreasing intensity of menstrual pain in teenage girls at SMK Bakti Indonesia Medika. Design: A Quasy Experimental Study with two group comparison pretest-postest design. There were 46 respondents selected in this study by consecutive sampling that consisted of 23 samples in the abdominal stretching exercise group and 23 samples in the cold compress group. The menstrual pain was measured using VAS (visual analog scale. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney, Chi-Square, and Wilcoxon test. Results: Findings showed that the mean of menstrual pain before intervention in the abdominal stretching exercise was 7.04 and in the cold compress therapy was 6.74 with p-value 0.211 (<0.05, which indicated that there was no mean difference of pain between both groups. However, after intervention, the menstrual pain was reduced from 7.04 to 1.91 (5.09 difference in the abdominal stretching exercise group; and from 6.74 to 5.52 (1.22 difference in the cold compress group with p-value 0.000 (<0.05, which indicated that there was statistically significant difference of menstrual pain before and after intervention, both abdominal stretching exercise and cold compress therapy. Conclusion: There were statistically significant effects of abdominal stretching exercise and cold compress therapy on menstrual pain in teenage girls. The abdominal stretching exercise is more effective than cold compress therapy in reducing menstrual pain intensity. Thus, it is suggested that abdominal stretching exercise can be an alternative choice of management of dysmenorrhea in teenage girls, and can be a part of subject in the education as non-pharmacological medicine.

Diagnosis in acute abdominal pain and ongoing abdominal sepsis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kiewiet, J.J.S.

2016-01-01

Acute abdominal pain is a common reason for presentation at the emergency department. To establish a timely and adequate diagnosis, doctors use the pattern of complaints and physical examination as the basis for the evaluation of a patient. In this thesis we conducted a study that showed that

Estudio comparativo de los modelos de propagación de canal inalámbrico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Reinier Alonso Quintana

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Los modelos de propagación del canal inalámbrico resultan de gran importancia en el diseño de redes y sistemas, dada su gran diversidad, es necesario determinar los modelos más eficaces para cada entorno. En este artículo se evalúa el desempeño de una selección de modelos de propagación en ambientes urbanos y suburbanos. Se determina el impacto de la altura de la estación base sobre las predicciones de los modelos, destacándose la sensibilidad de aquellos que incluyen información detallada del entorno en su formulación. Finalmente, son comparadas las predicciones de los modelos evaluados con mediciones reales, resultando el Hata y el Walfisch-Ikegami como los modelos más precisos para su aplicabilidad en estos entornos.

Analytical model to describe the thermal behavior of a heat discharge system in roofs; Modelo analitico que describe el comportamiento termico de un sistema de descarga de calor en techos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hernandez-Gomez, V.H.; Contreras-Espinosa, J.J.; Gonzalez-Ortiz, G.; Morillon-Galvez, D.; Fernandez-Zayas, J.L. [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)]. E-mail: vichugo@servidor.unam.mx; jjuancon2000@yahoo.com.mx; gilberto_gonzalez25@hotmail.com; damg@pumas.iingen.unam.mx; JFernandezZ@iingen.unam.mx

2012-01-15

The present study proposes an analytical model which describes the thermal behavior of a heat discharge system in roof, when the surfaces that constitute it are not translucent. Such a model derives from a thermal balance carried out to a heat discharge system in roofs. To validate it, an experimental prototype that allows simulating the thermal behavior of a heat discharge system in wall and roof was used, and the results were compared to those obtained with the proposed analytical model. It was found that the thermal behavior of the analytical model is similar to the thermal behavior of the experimental prototype; a worthless variation was detected among their respective outcome (The difference of temperatures can be caused by the heat transfer coefficient, of which no studies defining its behavior accurately have been found). Therefore, it can be considered that the proposed analytical model can be employed to simulate the thermal behavior of a heat discharge system in roofs when the surfaces that constitute it are opaque. [Spanish] En el presente estudio se propone un modelo analitico que describe el comportamiento termico de un sistema de descarga de calor en techo, cuando las superficies que lo componen no son translucidos. Dicho modelo surge a partir de un balance termico realizado a un sistema de descarga de calor en techos. Para validarlo, se realizaron dos corridas experimentales en un prototipo que permite simular el comportamiento termico de un sistema de descarga de calor en techo y se compararon los resultados medidos con los calculados por el modelo analitico propuesto. Se encontro que, el comportamiento termico del modelo analitico es similar al comportamiento termico del prototipo experimental, se detecto una variacion despreciable entre los valores arrojados por ambos modelos (la diferencia de temperaturas puede estar ocasionada por la obtencion del coeficiente convectivo de transferencia de calor, del cual no se han encontrado estudios que

Um modelo alternativo para a quantificação de multiprodutos em árvores individuais

OpenAIRE

Soares,Thelma Shirlen; Leite,Helio Garcia; Vale,Antônio Bartolomeu do

2004-01-01

Neste estudo foram conduzidos testes preliminares com o objetivo de avaliar um modelo de taper, proposto a partir da adaptação dos modelos desenvolvidos por Ormerod (1973) e Turnbull (1979), caracterizados pela sua simplicidade e facilidade de ajuste. Em comparação com modelos já consagrados, observou-se que o modelo alternativo apresentou consistência nos ajustes realizados. Portanto, pode-se concluir que o modelo apresentado é recomendável para a quantificação de multiprodutos de árvores in...

Infected abdominal sacrocolpopexies: diagnosis and treatment.

Science.gov (United States)

Mattox, T Fleming; Stanford, Edward J; Varner, E

2004-01-01

The abdominal sacrocolpopexy is an excellent procedure to surgically treat vaginal vault prolapse. A synthetic graft is often used to support the vaginal apex, but has the potential to become infected or erode, requiring its removal or revision. The purpose of this paper is to report our experience in the management of patients with infected synthetic grafts after abdominal sacrocolpopexy. A review of the patient databases from three specialty gynecology centers was performed from March 1996 to June 2002. Only patients with an infected graft after an abdominal sacrocolpopexy were included in the study; patients with either suture or graft erosion responding to conservative treatment were excluded. Twenty-two women, ages 37-73 years, developed infection of the synthetic graft after an abdominal sacrocolpopexy (1-60 months after their initial surgery, mean 8.8 months). The infected materials included polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, Goretex, n =15) and polypropylene (n=7). Nine of the 15 PTFE meshes and four of the seven polypropylene meshes were placed at the time of a contaminated case (abdominal hysterectomy [n=12], colon resection [n=1]). Eighteen (82%) of the infected grafts involved braided permanent suture to attach the graft to the vaginal wall, monofilament/non-braided permanent suture was used in three patients, and suture type could not be determined in one. All graft removals were attempted vaginally, and this was successful in 16 cases (73%). Two patients experienced significant bleeding: the first patient required an emergency laparotomy and the second patient's bleeding was controlled with packing. A rectovaginal fistula occurred 3 weeks postoperatively in one patient. Synthetic graft infection should be considered as the differential diagnosis in a patient who has undergone an abdominal sacrocolpopexy. Transvaginal removal is preferred, but is fraught with potentially serious complications. The use of braided permanent sutures to affix the graft to the

Abdominal Pain-Predominant Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Jordanian School Children.

Science.gov (United States)

Altamimi, Eyad M; Al-Safadi, Mohammad H

2014-12-01

Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) is a common complaint in children. Significant portion of them are of functional origin. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of abdominal pain-predominant functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) and its types in Jordanian school children. This is a school-based survey at south Jordan. Information using the self-reporting form of the Questionnaire on Pediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms-Rome III Version (QPGS-RIII) - the official Arabic translation - was collected. Classes from academic years (grades) 6 - 8 were selected. SPSS Statistical Package Version 17 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) was used. Categorical data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, and continuous data were analyzed using t -test. P abdominal pain-predominant FGID. Seventy-nine (68%) of them were females. Forty-seven (10.6%) had irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Thirty-six (8%), 17 (3.8%), 11 (2.4%) and five (1.1%) had abdominal migraine, functional abdominal pain, functional abdominal pain syndrome and functional dyspepsia, respectively. Abdominal pain-predominant FGID has become a major health issue in Jordanian children. One of four children between the ages of 11 and 15 years exhibits at least one abdominal pain-predominant FGID. The most common form of abdominal pain-predominant FGID in our children was IBS. Females are affected more often than males. Intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms are seen regularly with abdominal pain-predominant FGIDs.

Abdominal ultrasound (image)

Science.gov (United States)

Abdominal ultrasound is a scanning technique used to image the interior of the abdomen. Like the X- ... use high frequency sound waves to produce an image and do not expose the individual to radiation. ...

Estimacion de modelos de volatilidad estocástica en series de rendimientos bursátiles

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Calvo Martín, Meri Emilia

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Las series temporales de alta frecuencia observadas en los mercados financieros y cambiarios se caracterizan por ser asimétricas, leptocúrticas, agrupamiento de la volatilidad, mostrar una elevada persistencia en volatilidad, correlaciones en los cuadrados, efecto leverage, etc. Estas características son las que se conoce en la literatura econométrica como hechos estilizados. Para recoger estas características de las series temporales se han planteado modelos no lineales, entre los que se pueden destacar básicamente dos tipos: por un lado, los modelos ARCH y GARCH y todas sus posibles variantes y por otro lado, los modelos de volatilidad estocástica. Estos modelos se diferencian entre sí en la forma de modelizar la volatilidad, así el primer tipo de modelos se caracteriza porque la varianza condicional depende de las observaciones pasadas de la serie (modelos ARCH y de sus propios valores pasados (modelos GARCH, mientras que en los modelos de volatilidad estocástica la volatilidad es función de un proceso estocástico no observable. En este trabajo, vamos a analizar los distintos resultados obtenidos de la estimación de los dos tipos de modelos anteriormente propuestos, aplicados a series de rendimientos de índices bursátiles.

Incorporando graus de liberdade de rotação em modelo clássico em acidente de trânsito – modelo de espalhamento entre dois veículos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Flávio Henrique Severino Oliveira Vieira

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho é apresentado de modo detalhado um modelo simples onde é introduzido o grau de liberdade de rotação no espalhamento de dois veículos, sendo o modelo clássico apresentado em detalhes na referência [3]. São adotadas aqui as mesmas aproximações não rigorosas quanto a dissipação de energia e momento no vértice de interação entre os veículos, sendo este efeito desconsiderado. O objetivo principal é o estabelecimento de um modelo com a incorporação de graus de liberdade de rotação para comparação do seu efeito frente ao modelo de “pontos materiais” usualmente empregado. Tal modelo aqui apresentado encontra-se em trabalho de formação de curso da ACADEPOL São Paulo do ano de 2006 de autoria do presente.

COMUNICACIÓN EN SALUD: CONCEPTOS Y MODELOS TEORICOS

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Iván Ríos Hernández

2011-01-01

Full Text Available A través de este artículo de revisión de tema se analiza el concepto comunicación en salud y algunas de las definiciones esbozadas hasta el momento por organismos internacionales y expertos del tema. Se presenta una mirada crítica y reflexiva sobre algunos de los principales modelos teóricos desarrollados en el campo de la comunicación en salud. Se esboza un análisis del paradigma de la Comunicación para el Cambio Social y se compara con las otras teorías y modelos de comunicación en salud discutidos en el escrito. Luego del análisis reflexivo se concluye que el apoderamiento de las comunidades en las estrategias de prevención de enfermedades, representa un reto para los estudios concernientes a las teorías y modelos que tratan de explicar de forma simplificada los elementos inmersos en un proceso de comunicación en salud.

[Abdominal wall actinomycosis. A report of a case].

Science.gov (United States)

Rojas Pérez-Ezquerra, Beatriz; Guardia-Dodorico, Lorena; Arribas-Marco, Teresa; Ania-Lahuerta, Aldonza; González Ballano, Isabel; Chipana-Salinas, Margot; Carazo-Hernández, Belén

2015-01-01

Abdominal wall Actinomycosis is a rare disease associated with the use of intrauterine device and as a complication of abdominal surgery. Diagnosis is difficult because it is unusual and behaves like a malignant neoplasm. A case report is presented of a patient who had used an intrauterine device for four years and developed a stony tumour in the abdominal wall associated with a set of symptoms that, clinically and radiologically, was simulating a peritoneal carcinomatosis associated with paraneoplastic syndrome, even in the course of an exploratory laparotomy. The patient attended our hospital with a two-month history of abdominal pain and symptoms that mimic a paraneoplastic syndrome. The diagnosis of abdominal actinomycosis was suspected by the finding of the microorganism in cervical cytology together with other cultures and Actinomyces negative in pathological studies, confirming the suspicion of a complete cure with empirical treatment with penicillin. Actinomycosis should be considered in patients with pelvic mass or abdominal wall mass that mimics a malignancy. Antibiotic therapy is the first treatment choice and makes a more invasive surgical management unnecessary. Copyright © 2015 Academia Mexicana de Cirugía A.C. Published by Masson Doyma México S.A. All rights reserved.

Radiological Signs of Intra-abdominal Gossypiboma

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Ferhat Çengel

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Gossypiboma is a mass lesion at the site of surgery due to a forgotten surgical sponge. Forgotten foreign bodies are mostly retained in the abdominal cavity but there are some cases in the thorax, cranium, breast, and an extremity. Gossypiboma should be considered, especially by radiologists, in patients with a history of surgery, who present with non-specific symptoms and abdominal mass. In this report, we describe the case of a female patient who presented with non-specific abdominal discomfort and fever about six months after open cholecystectomy. (The Me­di­cal Bul­le­tin of Ha­se­ki 2014; 52: 47-9

Functional Abdominal Pain: "Get" the Function, Loose the Pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Draeger-Muenke, Reinhild

2015-07-01

Functional abdominal pain is a mind-body, psychosocial, and self-reinforcing experience with significant consequences for the sufferer and the surrounding support network. The occurrence of unpredictable symptoms and their severity add an element of dread and feeling out-of-control to daily life and often reduce overall functioning in a downward spiral. Two clinical presentations of functional abdominal pain are offered in this article (composites to protect confidentiality) dealing with abdominal pain syndrome and abdominal migraines. The treatment demonstrates the use of hypnotic principles for self-regulation, exploration, and meaning-making. Hypnosis treatment is conducted in combination with mindfulness-based interventions and Traditional Chinese Medicine's (TCM) teachings regarding abdominal health and illness. The clinical examples illustrate medical findings that suggest children with early life stress and an early onset of gastrointestinal somatization may not simply outgrow their functional abdominal pain but may suffer into adulthood.

CALIDAD Y RESPONSABILIDAD SOCIAL EMPRESARIAL: UN MODELO DE CAUSALIDAD

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

AMPARO ZAPATA-GÓMEZ

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo desarrolla un modelo basado en el uso de funciones matemáticas y estadísticas, que identifica las relaciones de causalidad entre las dimensiones de la calidad y las dimensiones de la responsabilidad social empresarial. La investigación partió del desarrollo de un instrumento que permite evaluar, con suficiente fiabilidad y validez, la relación entre la calidad, los procesos, los clientes y la innovación. Posteriormente, se formuló un modelo causal según las dimensiones planteadas; los resultados permitieron establecer que existe una correlación fuertemente positiva entre la calidad y la responsabilidad social. Adicionalmente, el modelo brinda información para desarrollar otras aplicaciones teóricas a partir de datos empíricos.

Tamoxifen up-regulates catalase production, inhibits vessel wall neutrophil infiltration, and attenuates development of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Science.gov (United States)

Grigoryants, Vladimir; Hannawa, Kevin K; Pearce, Charles G; Sinha, Indranil; Roelofs, Karen J; Ailawadi, Gorav; Deatrick, Kristopher B; Woodrum, Derek T; Cho, Brenda S; Henke, Peter K; Stanley, James C; Eagleton, Matthew J; Upchurch, Gilbert R

2005-01-01

Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), similar to estrogens, possess vasoprotective effects by reducing release of reactive oxygen species. Little is known about the potential effects of SERMs on the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). This study's objective was to investigate the growth of experimental AAAs in the setting of the SERM tamoxifen. In the first set of experiments, adult male rats underwent subcutaneous tamoxifen pellet (delivering 10 mg/kg/day) implantation (n = 14) or sham operation (n = 16). Seven days later, all animals underwent pancreatic elastase perfusion of the abdominal aorta. Aortic diameters were determined at that time, and aortas were harvested 7 and 14 days after elastase perfusion for immunohistochemistry, real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and zymography. In the second set of experiments, a direct irreversible catalase inhibitor, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT), was administered intraperitoneally (1 mg/kg) daily to tamoxifen-treated (n = 6) and control rats (n = 6), starting on day 7 after elastase perfusion. Aortic diameters were measured on day 14. In a third set of experiments, rats were perfused with catalase (150 mg/kg) after the elastase (n = 5), followed by daily intravenous injections of catalase (150 mg/kg/day) administered for 10 days. A control group of rats (n = 7) received 0.9% NaCl instead of catalase. Mean AAA diameters were approximately 50% smaller in tamoxifen-treated rats compared with sham rats 14 days after elastase perfusion (P = .002). The tamoxifen-treated group's aortas had a five-fold increase in catalase mRNA expression (P = .02) on day 7 and an eight-fold increase in catalase protein on day 14 (P = .04). Matrix metalloprotroteinase-9 activity was 2.4-fold higher (P = .01) on day 7 in the aortas of the controls compared to the tamoxifen-treated group's aortas. Tamoxifen-treated rats had approximately 40% fewer aortic polymorphonuclear neutrophils compared to

Transición de fase para modelos diluidos con espines discretos y medidas de Young-Gibbs para el modelo de Ising

OpenAIRE

Soprano Loto, Nahuel

2015-01-01

Esta tesis contiene dos partes con un tema en común: en cada una de ellas, estudiamos diferentes modelos de mecánica estadística. En la primera parte, estudiamos modelos diluidos de vecinos próximos con espacio de espines finito, donde el grafo subyacente es un subgrafo aleatorio del reticulado d-dimensional. Más precisamente, proporcionamos condiciones suficientes y necesarias para que ocurra co-existencia de fases mediante técnicas de aglomerado aleatorio. En la segunda parte, estudiamos un...

[Implementationof a low FODMAP dietforfunctional abdominal pain].

Science.gov (United States)

Baranguán Castro, María Luisa; Ros Arnal, Ignacio; García Romero, Ruth; Rodríguez Martínez, Gerardo; Ubalde Sainz, Eduardo

2018-04-20

The low FODMAP diet (fermentable oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polyols) has shown to be effective in adult patients with irritable bowel syndrome, but there are few studies on paediatric patients. The aim of this study is to assess the implementation and the outcomes of a low FODMAP diet in the treatment of functional abdominal pain in children from a Mediterranean area. A table was designed in which foods were classified according to their FODMAP content, as well as a 'Symptoms and Stools Diary'. A prospective study was conducted on children with functional abdominal pain in our Paediatric Gastroenterology Unit. A total of 22 patients were enrolled in the trial, and 20 completed it. Data were collected of the abdominal pain features over a period of 3 days, and then patients followed a two-week low FODMAP diet. Afterwards, information about abdominal pain features was collected again. After the diet, they showed fewer daily abdominal pain episodes compared to baseline (1.16 [IQR: 0.41-3.33] versus 2 [IQR: 1.33-6.33] daily episodes, P=.024), less pain severity compared to baseline (1.41cm [IQR: 0.32-5.23] versus 4.63cm [IQR: 2.51-6.39] measured by 10-cm Visual Analogue Scale, P=.035), less interference with daily activities, and less gastrointestinal symptoms. Only 15% of patients found it difficult to follow the diet. The implementation of a low FODMAP diet for 2 weeks in a Mediterranean paediatric population diagnosed with functional abdominal pain is possible with adapted diets. It was highly valued by patients, and they showed an improvement in abdominal pain symptoms assessed by objective methods. Copyright © 2018. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.

Risk Assessment of Abdominal Wall Thickness Measured on Pre-Operative Computerized Tomography for Incisional Surgical Site Infection after Abdominal Surgery.

Science.gov (United States)

Tongyoo, Assanee; Chatthamrak, Putipan; Sriussadaporn, Ekkapak; Limpavitayaporn, Palin; Mingmalairak, Chatchai

2015-07-01

The surgical site infection (SSI) is a common complication of abdominal operation. It relates to increased hospital stay, increased healthcare cost, and decreased patient's quality of life. Obesity, usually defined by BMI, is known as one of the risks of SSI. However, the thickness of subcutaneous layers of abdominal wall might be an important local factor affecting the rate of SSI after the abdominal operations. The objective of this study is to assess the importance of the abdominal wall thickness on incisional SSI rate. The subjects of the present study were patients who had undergone major abdominal operations at Thammasat University Hospital between June 2013 and May 2014, and had been investigated with CT scans before their operations. The demographic data and clinical information of these patients were recorded. The thickness ofsubcutaneous fatty tissue from skin down to the most superficial layer of abdominal wall muscle at the surgical site was measured on CT images. The wound infectious complication was reviewed and categorized as superficial and deep incisional SSIfollowing the definition from Centersfor Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines. The significance ofeach potentialfactors on SSI rates was determined separately with student t-test for quantitative data and χ2-test for categorical data. Then all factors, which had p operative CTscans. Post-operative SSI was 25.2% (35/139), superficial and deep types in 27 and 8 patients, respectively. The comparison of abdominal wall thickness between patients with and without infection was significantly different (20.0 ± 8.4 mm and 16.0 ± 7.2 mm, respectively). When the thickness at 20 mm was used as the cut-off value, 43 of 139 patients had abdominal wall thickness ≥ 20 mm. The incidence of SSI of the thickness ±20 mm group was 37.2% (16/43) and of the less thickness group was 19.8% (19/96), with p operation. However, only abdominal wall thickness and wound classification were still significant

[Factors associated with abdominal obesity in children].

Science.gov (United States)

Melzer, Matheus Ribeiro Theodósio Fernandes; Magrini, Isabella Mastrangi; Domene, Semíramis Martins Álvares; Martins, Paula Andrea

2015-12-01

To identify the association of dietary, socioeconomic factors, sedentary behaviors and maternal nutritional status with abdominal obesity in children. A cross-sectional study with household-based survey, in 36 randomly selected census tracts in the city of Santos/SP. 357 families were interviewed and questionnaires and anthropometric measurements were applied in mothers and their 3-0 years-old children. Assessment of abdominal obesity was made by maternal and child's waist circumference measurement; for classification used cut-off points proposed by World Health Organization (1998) and Taylor et al. (2000) were applied. The association between variables was performed by multiple logistic regression analysis. 30.5% of children had abdominal obesity. Associations with children's and maternal nutritional status and high socioeconomic status were shown in the univariate analysis. In the regression model, children's body mass index for age (OR=93.7; 95%CI 39.3-223.3), female gender (OR=4.1; 95%CI 1.8-9.3) and maternal abdominal obesity (OR=2.7; 95%CI 1.2-6.0) were significantly associated with children's abdominal obesity, regardless of the socioeconomic status. Abdominal obesity in children seems to be associated with maternal nutritional status, other indicators of their own nutritional status and female gender. Intervention programs for control of childhood obesity and prevention of metabolic syndrome should consider the interaction of the nutritional status of mothers and their children. Copyright © 2015 Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

Modelo de PCP para pequenas empresas do setor alimentício

OpenAIRE

Carvalho, Vianey Santos de; Pacheco, Diego Augusto de Jesus

2015-01-01

O principal objetivo desta pesquisa foi desenvolver e implantar um modelo de Planejamento e Controle da Produção no contexto das pequenas empresas do setor alimentício brasileiro. Os principais procedimentos metodológicos adotados foram a abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa e o estudo de caso para avaliar o desempenho do modelo. O estudo de caso contemplou o desenvolvimento de um modelo específico para o setor alimentício e a aplicação de atividades de PCP de acordo com as necessidades da pe...

Estandarización de un modelo para inducir obesidad en ratas

OpenAIRE

Gipsis Suárez Román; Alfredo Jesús Perera Calderín; Sonia Clapés Hernández; Tammy Fernández Romero; Esteban Egaña Morales

2013-01-01

Fundamento: La obesidad es un factor de riesgo para múltiples enfermedades. Existen diversos modelos en ratas para inducir obesidad. Los modelos genéticos y la obesidad inducida por la dieta son costosos. Dentro de los modelos hipotalámicos de obesidad está el que se logra mediante la administración de glutamato monosódico en período neonatal. Esta sustancia no es costosa y produce las alteraciones metabólicas más importantes que se ven en la obesidad humana. Objetivo: seleccionar un esquema ...

Abdominal x-ray

Science.gov (United States)

Abdominal film; X-ray - abdomen; Flat plate; KUB x-ray ... There is low radiation exposure. X-rays are monitored and regulated to provide the minimum amount of radiation exposure needed to produce the image. Most ...

Modelos experimentales para la evaluación de la acción cicatrizante de medicamentos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raimara González Escobar

2002-12-01

Full Text Available Los intentos del organismo para reparar las lesiones inducidas por agresiones locales comienzan muy precozmente en el proceso de la inflamación, y finalmente concluyen con la reparación y sustitución de las células lesionadas por células sanas. El proceso de cicatrización de una herida en la piel involucra la compleja interacción de muchos tipos de células y ocurre como una cascada secuencial de procesos solapados e íntimamente relacionados. Existen varios modelos farmacológicos experimentales que permiten evaluar la acción cicatrizante de un principio activo, profundizando en los eventos específicos de la cicatrización. En este trabajo se presentarán los detalles de algunos de estos modelos, los cuales son: modelo de lesión inducida por quemadura en curieles, modelo de 6 heridas asépticas en cerdos, promoción de cicatrización por segunda intención en ratas y modelo para predecir la distribución de un medicamento aplicado tópicamente en heridas. Estos ensayos permiten el estudio de múltiples elementos histológicos, bioquímicos, celulares y clínicos, característicos del proceso de cicatrización.The attempts of the organism to repair injuries induced by local aggressions begin very early in the inflammation process and conclude finally with the reparation and substitution of those cells damaged by sound cells. The healing process of a skin wound involves the complex interaction of many types of cells and a sequence of sneaky and closely related processes take place. There are various pharmacological experimental models allowing to evaluate the healing action of an active principle and to go deep into the specific healing events. Details are given in this paper about the following models: model of injury induced by burn in guinea pigs, model of 6 aseptic wounds in pigs, promotion of healing by second intention in rats and a model to predict the distribution of a drug topically applied in wounds. These assays make possible

Original Research Abdominal myomectomy: A retrospective review ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Abdominal myomectomy and outcome in Ilorin, Nigeria 37. Malawi Medical Journal 29 (1): ... rate of 3.34% has been reported for Maiduguri, northeastern. Nigeria.4 Abdominal ... of Nigeria.6. Infertility secondary to uterine fibroid is one of the.

Bladder distension as a cause of abdominal compartment syndrome

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yasir, M.; Hoda, M.Q.

2018-01-01

Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is increasingly identified in critically ill patient and its harmful effects are well documented. The disparity among the pressure, volume in abdominal cavity and its contents, results in ACS. The actual incidence of ACS is not known. However, it has been observed predominantly in patients with severe blunt and penetrating abdominal trauma, ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms, retro- and intra-peritoneal hemorrhage, pneumoperitoneum, neoplasm, pancreatitis, ascites and multiple bone fracture. We present a case of 40-year female who underwent emergency cesarean section and developed abdominal compartment syndrome due to urinary bladder distension secondary to blockade of urinary catheter with blood clots. This is a very unusual cause of ACS. (author)

Synovial sarcoma of the abdominal wall

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matushita, J.P.K.; Matushita, J.S.

1989-01-01

A case report of synovial sarcoma arising in the abdominal wall is presented. A brief review of the clinical and radiological features of synovial sarcoma is made. Pre-operative diagnosis of an abdominal wall synovial sarcoma is virtually impossible, but should be considered when a soft tissue swelling is found to show amorphous stippled calcification X-ray. (author) [pt

Abdominal fat indicators: anthropometry vs dual energy x-ray absortometry

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Maria Fátima Glaner

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Excessive abdominal fat contributes to the development of chronic nontransmissible diseases. Dual emission X Ray absorptiometry (DXA is a simple to administer technique that allows abdominal fat percentage (%abdominalFDXA to be determined. Anthropometric measurements, which have been validated and are of low cost, such as the abdominal circumferences 2.5cm above the umbilical scar (ABC2,5 and level with the umbilical scar (ABCum, are used as indicators of abdominal fat. Skin folds (SF are little used for this purpose. The objective of this study was to verify which of these anthropometric indicators best correlates with and best explains abdominalFDXA. The sample was made up of 22 women (43.9±11.6 years; 34.7±8.3 %G totalDXA and 18 men (31.9±11.6 years; 19.0±8.0 %G totalDXA who were measured for ABC2.5, ABCum, suprailiac SF (SI, midaxillary SF (AM and abdominal SF (AB, while abdominalF (L1-L4 was measured by DXA. Pearson’s correlation and multivariate linear regression (“enter” method were employed to verify the anthropometric measurements’ correlations and percentage of explanation with relation to abdominalFDXA. Strong correlations and significant levels of explanation (pResumoO excesso de gordura abdominal contribui no desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis. A absortometria de raio-X de dupla energia (AXDE é uma técnica de simples aplicação, que permite a mensuração do percentual de gordura abdominal (%G abdominalAXDE. As medidas antropométricas, validadas e de baixo custo, como os perímetros abdominal 2,5cm acima da cicatriz umbilical (PAB2,5 e ao nível da cicatriz umbilical (PABum, são empregadas como indicadores de gordura abdominal. As dobras cutâneas (DC são pouco estudadas nesse sentido. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi verificar quais destes indicadores antropométricos mais se correlacionam e explicam o %G abdominalAXDE. A amostra foi composta por 22 mulheres (43,9±11,6 anos; 34,7±8,3 %G

Predictors of abdominal injuries in blunt trauma.

Science.gov (United States)

Farrath, Samiris; Parreira, José Gustavo; Perlingeiro, Jacqueline A G; Solda, Silvia C; Assef, José Cesar

2012-01-01

To identify predictors of abdominal injuries in victims of blunt trauma. retrospective analysis of trauma protocols (collected prospectively) of adult victims of blunt trauma in a period of 15 months. Variables were compared between patients with abdominal injuries (AIS>0) detected by computed tomography or/and laparotomy (group I) and others (AIS=0, group II). Student's t, Fisher and qui-square tests were used for statistical analysis, considering p3) in head (18.5% vs. 7.9%), thorax (29.2% vs. 2.4%) and extremities (40.0% vs. 13.7%). The highest odds ratios for the diagnosis of abdominal injuries were associated flail chest (21.8) and pelvic fractures (21.0). Abdominal injuries were more frequently observed in patients with hemodynamic instability, changes in Glasgow coma scale and severe lesions to the head, chest and extremities.

ABDOMINAL OBESITY, AN ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETER PREDICTING METABOLIC DISORDERS

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Maricel Castellanos González

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Background: Waist circumference perimeter, as an indirect indicator of abdominal obesity, is commonly presented as an essential element in the clinical assessment of obesity. The link between abdominal obesity and insulin resistance is proposed as the core of metabolic syndrome’s pathophysiology and complications. Objective: To determine whether individuals with abdominal obesity present characteristics related to metabolic syndrome’s factors that differ from those observed in individuals with no abdominal obesity. Methods: A comparative analytical study was performed including cases control and design in two different groups. The sample was composed of 98 individuals of both sexes randomly selected out of a universe of 510 workers population at the Medical University of Cienfuegos from September to December 2005. They were all tested as to blood pressure, cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, fasting glucose and triglycerides. Results: Abdominal obesity was found in 30.6% of individuals. It was predominant in females (83.3% older than 40 years. The number of cases of obesity linked to hypertension was similar to the number of cases with low HDL cholesterol (53.3%. Impaired glucose was found in 16.7% of cases. Conclusions: Abdominal obesity is a health problem in the population included in this study and it increases as age does. Individuals with abdominal obesity are exposed to a higher risk of metabolic disorders, such as low levels of HDL cholesterol, high levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol, glucose alterations and hypertension.

Postoperative abdominal complications after cardiopulmonary bypass

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Dong Guohua

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background To summarize the diagnostic and therapeutic experiences on the patients who suffered abdominal complications after cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB. Methods A total of 2349 consecutive patients submitted to cardiovascular surgery with CPB in our hospital from Jan 2004 to Dec 2010 were involved. The clinical data of any abdominal complication, including its incidence, characters, relative risks, diagnostic measures, medical or surgical management and mortality, was retrospectively analyzed. Results Of all the patients, 33(1.4% developed abdominal complications postoperatively, including 11(33.3% cases of paralytic ileus, 9(27.3% of gastrointestinal haemorrhage, 2(6.1% of gastroduodenal ulcer perforation, 2(6.1% of acute calculus cholecystitis, 3(9.1% of acute acalculus cholecystitis, 4(12.1% of hepatic dysfunction and 2(6.1% of ischemia bowel diseases. Of the 33 patients, 26 (78.8% accepted medical treatment and 7 (21.2% underwent subsequent surgical intervention. There were 5(15.2% deaths in this series, which was significantly higher than the overall mortality (2.7%. Positive history of peptic ulcer, advanced ages, bad heart function, preoperative IABP support, prolonged CPB time, low cardiac output and prolonged mechanical ventilation are the risk factors of abdominal complications. Conclusions Abdominal complications after cardiovascular surgery with CPB have a low incidence but a higher mortality. Early detection and prompt appropriate intervention are essential for the outcome of the patients.

Autonomic nervous system function in patients with functional abdominal pain. An experimental study

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jorgensen, L.S.; Christiansen, P.; Raundahl, U.

1993-01-01

Functional abdominal pain--that is, pain without demonstrable organic abnormalities--has often been associated with psychologic stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether sympathetic nervous system response to laboratory stress and basal parasympathetic neural activity were...... and serum cortisol did not increase at all in any of the groups. As a measure of parasympathetic neural activity, independent of sympathetic neural activity, the beat-to-beat variation of the heart rate was calculated. The functional patients had a significantly higher beat-to-beat variation expressed...... as the mean square successive differences of the R-R intervals (MSSD), indicating a higher basal parasympathetic neural activity (mean MSSD +/- SEM = 64 +/- 6 msec in the functional group, 46 +/- 6 msec in the healthy group, and 49 +/- 6 msec in the organic group; P = 0.03). A reduced sympathetic neural...

Absent abdominal muscles, nephro-urologic abnormalities, and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Absent abdominal muscles, cryptorchidism, and hydroureteronephrosis are known to occur in the prune belly syndrome (PBS). We present a male with absent abdominal muscles, severe neurologic damage, with global developmental delay, hydroureteronephrosis, and cryptorchidism. The patient also had arthrogryposis ...

PATTERN AND OUTCOME OF ABDOMINAL INJURIES AT ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hi-tech

2006-01-01

Jan 1, 2006 ... a significant cause of abdominal injuries in Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH). The rate-of ... of selective management of abdominal injuries in. 1960 by ..... that pays great attention to the condition of the patient. (11). To aid in ...

Resistencias barriales al modelo empresarial de ciudad

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Oscar Alexander Granada Ortiz

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Este texto, es un avance de la investigación Fronteras urbanas: Análisis Territorial y Crítica Política del Modelo de Ciudad en el POT Medellín”, la cual está inspirada en la inquietud que genera el pensar el Modelo de Ciudad explícito en la Política de Ordenamiento Territorial que viene ejecutando la administración municipal, debido a que esta se muestra como una nueva y regenerada forma de administrar lo público, y que pretende aparentar que se han superado los problemas que aquejan a la ciudad y sus pobladores.

A Rare Cause of Abdominal Pain; Celiac Truncus Aneurysm

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Zulfu Birkan

2016-01-01

In this case we presented a patient who were admitted to surgery department with complaints of abdominal pain and nausea. There were no pathological findings on physical examination, direct abdominal x-ray, chest radiograph and biochemical parameters. At proximal of the celiac trunk, it was shown approximately 3x2 cm in size fusiform aneurysmal dilatation on the patient%u2019s abdominal ultrasonography and turbulence, arterial flow on the patient%u2019s abdominal doppler ultrasonography subsequently. In abdominal computed tomography we detected dense calcifications, dilatation and hypodensities that may belong to a thrombus in the lumen superior mesenteric vein (SMV. At the same time, approximately 3.5 cm segment of trunk celiak we observed aneurysm dilatation which reaching 2 cm at the widest point. Celiac trunk aneurysm is a rare cause of abdominal pain and often noticed after the complicated, thus it must always be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis.

Abdominal paracentesis and thoracocentesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Ser Yee; Pormento, James G; Koong, Heng Nung

2009-04-01

Abdominal paracentesis and thoracocentesis are common bedside procedures with diagnostic, therapeutic and palliative roles. We describe a useful and familiar a useful and familiar technique with the use of a multiple lumen catheter commonly used for central venous line insertion for drainage of ascites or moderate to large pleural effusions. The use of a multiple lumen catheter allows easier and more rapid aspiration of fluid with a smaller probability of the side holes being blocked as compared to the standard needle or single catheter methods. This is particularly useful in situations where the dedicated commercial kits for thoracocentesis and abdominal paracentesis are not readily available.

Laparoscopic Bullet Removal in a Penetrating Abdominal Gunshot

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Christos Stefanou

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Penetrating abdominal trauma has been traditionally treated by exploratory laparotomy. Nowadays laparoscopy has become an accepted practice in hemodynamically stable patient without signs of peritonitis. We report a case of a lower anterior abdominal gunshot patient treated laparoscopically. A 32-year-old male presented to the Emergency Department with complaint of gunshot penetrating injury at left lower anterior abdominal wall. The patient had no symptoms or obvious bleeding and was vitally stable. On examination we identified 1 cm diameter entry wound at the left lower abdominal wall. The imaging studies showed the bullet in the peritoneal cavity but no injured intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal viscera. We decided to remove the bullet laparoscopically. Twenty-four hours after the intervention the patient was discharged. The decision for managing gunshot patients should be based on clinical and diagnostic findings. Anterior abdominal injuries in a stable patient without other health problems can be managed laparoscopically.

Agrupamiento de Filas y Columnas Homogéneas en Modelos de Correspondencia

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Marinelli Claudia

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Goodman (1981 propone criterios de homogeneidad y estructura para Modelos de Asociación que permiten determinar si pueden agruparse ciertas filas o columnas en una tabla de contingencia. Luego muestra las relaciones entre scores canónicos y los scores correspondientes a Modelos de Asociación. Gilula (1986 desarrolla resultados de agrupamiento sugeridos por los scores canónicos asociados en una tabla de contingencia bajo un modelo de Correlación Canónica RC. Por otra parte, el Análisis de Correspondencia se puede ver como una reparametrización del Modelo de Correlación Canónica en virtud de la propuesta de Goodman (1986 y van der Heijden et al (1994.

O desenvolvimento de um modelo de assistência continua ao parto Desarrollo de un modelo de asistencia continua en el parto Development of a delivery continued care model

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Ana Cláudia Silveira Lambert

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Descrever as experiências das enfermeiras obstétricas relacionadas com o desenvolvimento de um modelo de assistência ao parto. Metodologia. investigação do tipo estudo de caso. Analisaramse as declarações de quatro enfermeiras obstétricas, que desenvolveram o modelo de assistência ao parto proposto pelo Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo. A informação obtida se analisou de modo indutivo e interpretativo. Resultados. das narrativas surgiram quatro categorias descritivas: a a convivência com o sentimento de ambivalência, b o trabalho com facilidades e dificuldades com a adoção do novo modelo, c as mudanças no conceito da assistência ao parto, e d os benefícios proporcionados pelo modelo. As enfermeiras reconhecem a viabilidade do modelo, mas sua implementação definitiva na instituição depende das mudanças nas diretrizes filosóficas e gerenciais relacionadas com a assistência ao parto e do compromisso dos profissionais. Conclusão. Reconheceramse os diversos aspectos envolvidos na implementação do modelo de atendimento no parto.Objetivo. Describir las experiencias de las enfermeras obstétricas relacionadas con el desarrollo de un modelo de asistencia al parto. Metodología. Investigación del tipo estudio de caso. Se analizaron las declaraciones de cuatro enfermeras obstétricas, que desarrollaron el modelo de asistencia al parto propuesto por el Hospital Universitario de la Universidad de São Paulo. La información obtenida se analizó de modo inductivo e interpretativo. Resultados. De las narrativas surgieron cuatro categorías descriptivas: a la convivencia con el sentimiento de ambivalencia, b el trabajo con facilidades y dificultades con la adopción del nuevo modelo, c los cambios en el concepto de la asistencia al parto, y d los beneficios proporcionados por el modelo. Las enfermeras reconocen la viabilidad del modelo, pero su implementación definitiva en la institución depende de

EFEITOS DA TERAPIA LASER DE BAIXA INTENSIDADE EM MODELO EXPERIMENTAL DE TENDINOPATIA EM RATOS: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

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Diego Rodrigues Pessoa

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Tendinopatia é o termo utilizado para descrever lesões que afetam os tendões (tendinites e tendinoses, caracterizada pela presença de inflamação e degeneração tecidual, associada à sobrecarga mecânica e a movimentos repetitivos. Diversas modalidades terapêuticas têm sido estudadas no tratamento das tendinopatias, entre elas, destaca-se a terapia a laser de baixa intensidade (TLBI que visa acelerar o processo regenerativo, diminuir a inflamação e reduzir a dor.  Diante do exposto, este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar revisão de literatura, de artigos científicos com foco nos efeitos da terapia a laser de baixa intensidade (TLBI, em modelo experimental de tendinopatia em ratos. O estudo baseou-se na investigação de publicações entre janeiro de 2011 a outubro de 2016, em bases de dados eletrônicas com o emprego dos descritores “tendinopatia”, “laserterapia”, “ratos”, “tendão” e “terapia a laser de baixa intensidade”, combinados aos descritores booleanos. Foram selecionados sete artigos que apontam que a TLBI possibilitou a redução de importantes marcadores pró-inflamatórios, tais como IL-6 e TNF-α, bem como a proliferação aumentada de tenócitos, independentemente da dosagem aplicada. Os estudos científicos selecionados nesta revisão sistemática sinalizaram efeitos positivos da TLBI, principalmente na modulação da resposta inflamatória aguda ou crônica após a indução da tendinopatia.

Contralateral Abdominal Pocketing in Salvation of Replanted Fingertips with Compromised Circulation

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Hyung-Sup Shim

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Abdominal pocketing is one of the most useful methods in salvation of compromised replanted fingertips. Abdominal pocketing has generally been performed in the ipsilateral lower abdominal quadrant, but we have also performed contralateral pocketing at our institute. To determine which approach is more beneficial, a total of 40 patients underwent an abdominal pocketing procedure in either the ipsilateral or contralateral lower abdominal quadrant after fingertip replantation. Dates of abdominal pocketing after initial replantation, detachment after abdominal pocketing, range of motion (ROM before abdominal pocketing, and sequential ROM after the detachment operation and date of full ROM recovery and Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (DASH score were recorded through medical chart review. Mean detachment date, mean abduction of shoulder after the detachment operation, and mean days to return to full ROM were not significantly different between the ipsilateral and contralateral pocketing groups. However, the mean DASH score was significantly lower in the contralateral group than the ipsilateral group. There were also fewer postoperative wound complications in the contralateral group than in the ipsilateral group. We, therefore, recommend contralateral abdominal pocketing rather than ipsilateral abdominal pocketing to increase patient comfort and reduce pain and complications.

Contralateral Abdominal Pocketing in Salvation of Replanted Fingertips with Compromised Circulation

Science.gov (United States)

Shim, Hyung-Sup; Kim, Dong-Hwi; Kwon, Ho; Jung, Sung-No

2014-01-01

Abdominal pocketing is one of the most useful methods in salvation of compromised replanted fingertips. Abdominal pocketing has generally been performed in the ipsilateral lower abdominal quadrant, but we have also performed contralateral pocketing at our institute. To determine which approach is more beneficial, a total of 40 patients underwent an abdominal pocketing procedure in either the ipsilateral or contralateral lower abdominal quadrant after fingertip replantation. Dates of abdominal pocketing after initial replantation, detachment after abdominal pocketing, range of motion (ROM) before abdominal pocketing, and sequential ROM after the detachment operation and date of full ROM recovery and Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (DASH) score were recorded through medical chart review. Mean detachment date, mean abduction of shoulder after the detachment operation, and mean days to return to full ROM were not significantly different between the ipsilateral and contralateral pocketing groups. However, the mean DASH score was significantly lower in the contralateral group than the ipsilateral group. There were also fewer postoperative wound complications in the contralateral group than in the ipsilateral group. We, therefore, recommend contralateral abdominal pocketing rather than ipsilateral abdominal pocketing to increase patient comfort and reduce pain and complications. PMID:25379539

Temporary abdominal closure with zipper-mesh device for management of intra-abdominal sepsis

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Edivaldo Massazo Utiyama

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: to present our experience with scheduled reoperations in 15 patients with intra-abdominal sepsis. METHODS: we have applied a more effective technique consisting of temporary abdominal closure with a nylon mesh sheet containing a zipper. We performed reoperations in the operating room under general anesthesia at an average interval of 84 hours. The revision consisted of debridement of necrotic material and vigorous lavage of the involved peritoneal area. The mean age of patients was 38.7 years (range, 15 to 72 years; 11 patients were male, and four were female. RESULTS: forty percent of infections were due to necrotizing pancreatitis. Sixty percent were due to perforation of the intestinal viscus secondary to inflammation, vascular occlusion or trauma. We performed a total of 48 reoperations, an average of 3.2 surgeries per patient. The mesh-zipper device was left in place for an average of 13 days. An intestinal ostomy was present adjacent to the zipper in four patients and did not present a problem for patient management. Mortality was 26.6%. No fistulas resulted from this technique. When intra-abdominal disease was under control, the mesh-zipper device was removed, and the fascia was closed in all patients. In three patients, the wound was closed primarily, and in 12 it was allowed to close by secondary intent. Two patients developed hernia; one was incisional and one was in the drain incision. CONCLUSION: the planned reoperation for manual lavage and debridement of the abdomen through a nylon mesh-zipper combination was rapid, simple, and well-tolerated. It permitted effective management of severe septic peritonitis, easy wound care and primary closure of the abdominal wall.

Hernia Following Blunt Abdominal Trauma

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N Aghaie

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Traumatic abdominal wall hernia is a rare type of hernia, which follows blunt trauma to the abdomen, where disruption of the musculature and fascia occurs with the overlying skin remaining intact. Diagnosis of this problem is very difficult and delayed. Traumatic hernia is often diagnosed during laparatomy or laparascopy, but CT scan also has a role in distinguishing this pathology. Delay in diagnosis is very dangerous and can result in gangrene and necrosis of the organs in the hernia. The case report of a 35 years old man with liftruck blunt trauma is reported. His vital signs were stable. On physical examination, tenderness of RUQ was seen. He underwent Dpl for suspected hemoprotein. Dpl was followed up by laparatomy. Laparatomy revealed that the transverse and ascending colon partially herniated in the abdominal wall defect. The colon was reduced in the abdomen and repair of abdominal hernia was done. The patient was discharged after 5 day. The etiology, pathogenesis and management are discussed.

Predictors of "occult" intra-abdominal injuries in blunt trauma patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Parreira, José Gustavo; Malpaga, Juliano Mangini Dias; Olliari, Camilla Bilac; Perlingeiro, Jacqueline A G; Soldá, Silvia C; Assef, José Cesar

2015-01-01

to assess predictors of intra-abdominal injuries in blunt trauma patients admitted without abdominal pain or abnormalities on the abdomen physical examination. We conducted a retrospective analysis of trauma registry data, including adult blunt trauma patients admitted from 2008 to 2010 who sustained no abdominal pain or abnormalities on physical examination of the abdomen at admission and were submitted to computed tomography of the abdomen and/or exploratory laparotomy. Patients were assigned into: Group 1 (with intra-abdominal injuries) or Group 2 (without intra-abdominal injuries). Variables were compared between groups to identify those significantly associated with the presence of intra-abdominal injuries, adopting ptrauma mechanism (ptrauma mechanism (p=0.008 - OR 2.85; 95%CI 1.13-6.22) and abnormal neurological physical exam at admission (p=0.015 - OR 0.44; 95%CI 0.22-0.85). Intra-abdominal injuries were predominantly associated with trauma mechanism and presence of chest injuries.

Epidemiology and contemporary management of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Science.gov (United States)

Ullery, Brant W; Hallett, Richard L; Fleischmann, Dominik

2018-05-01

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is most commonly defined as a maximal diameter of the abdominal aorta in excess of 3 cm in either anterior-posterior or transverse planes or, alternatively, as a focal dilation ≥ 1.5 times the diameter of the normal adjacent arterial segment. Risk factors for the development of AAA include age > 60, tobacco use, male gender, Caucasian race, and family history of AAA. Aneurysm growth and rupture risk appear to be associated with persistent tobacco use, female gender, and chronic pulmonary disease. The majority of AAAs are asymptomatic and detected incidentally on various imaging studies, including abdominal ultrasound, and computed tomographic angiography. Symptoms associated with AAA may include abdominal or back pain, thromboembolization, atheroembolization, aortic rupture, or development of an arteriovenous or aortoenteric fistula. The Screening Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Efficiently (SAAAVE) Act provides coverage for a one-time screening abdominal ultrasound at age 65 for men who have smoked at least 100 cigarettes and women who have family history of AAA disease. Medical management is recommended for asymptomatic patients with AAAs  5 mm/6 months), or presence of a fusiform aneurysm with maximum diameter of 5.5 cm or greater. Intervention for AAA includes conventional open surgical repair and endovascular aortic stent graft repair.

Effect of Gender on the Total Abdominal Fat, Intra-Abdominal Adipose Tissue and Abdominal Sub-Cutaneous Adipose Tissue among Indian Hypertensive Patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Sahoo, Jaya Prakash; Kumari, Savita; Jain, Sanjay

2016-04-01

Abdominal obesity is a better marker of adverse metabolic profile than generalized obesity in hypertensive subjects. Further, gender has effect on adiposity and its distribution. Effect of gender on obesity and the distribution of fat in different sub-compartments of abdomen among Indian hypertensive subjects. This observational study included 278 adult subjects (Males-149 & Females-129) with essential hypertension from a tertiary care centre in north India over one year. A detailed history taking and physical examination including anthropometry were performed in all patients. Total Abdominal Fat (TAF) and abdominal adipose tissue sub-compartments like Intra-Abdominal Adipose Tissue (IAAT) and Sub-Cutaneous Adipose Tissue (SCAT) were measured using the predictive equations developed for Asian Indians. Female hypertensive subjects had higher Body Mass Index (BMI) with more overweight (BMI ≥ 23kg/m(2)), and obesity (BMI≥ 25 kg/m(2)). Additionally, they had higher prevalence of central obesity based on both Waist Circumference (WC) criteria (WC≥ 90 cm in males and WC≥ 80 cm in females) and TAF criteria {≥245.6 cm(2) (males) and ≥203.46 cm(2) (females)} than male patients. But there was no difference in the prevalence of central obesity based on Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) criteria (WHR ≥0.90 in males and WHR ≥ 0.85 in females) between two genders. High TAF & IAAT were present in more females although there was no difference in the distribution of high SCAT between two genders. Female hypertensive subjects were more obese with higher abnormal TAF & IAAT compared to male patients. However, there was no difference in the distribution of high SCAT among them.

Reproducibility of abdominal fat assessment by ultrasound and computed tomography.

Science.gov (United States)

Mauad, Fernando Marum; Chagas-Neto, Francisco Abaeté; Benedeti, Augusto César Garcia Saab; Nogueira-Barbosa, Marcello Henrique; Muglia, Valdair Francisco; Carneiro, Antonio Adilton Oliveira; Muller, Enrico Mattana; Elias Junior, Jorge

2017-01-01

To test the accuracy and reproducibility of ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) for the quantification of abdominal fat in correlation with the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical assessments. Using ultrasound and CT, we determined the thickness of subcutaneous and intra-abdominal fat in 101 subjects-of whom 39 (38.6%) were men and 62 (61.4%) were women-with a mean age of 66.3 years (60-80 years). The ultrasound data were correlated with the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters, as well as with the areas measured by abdominal CT. Intra-abdominal thickness was the variable for which the correlation with the areas of abdominal fat was strongest (i.e., the correlation coefficient was highest). We also tested the reproducibility of ultrasound and CT for the assessment of abdominal fat and found that CT measurements of abdominal fat showed greater reproducibility, having higher intraobserver and interobserver reliability than had the ultrasound measurements. There was a significant correlation between ultrasound and CT, with a correlation coefficient of 0.71. In the assessment of abdominal fat, the intraobserver and interobserver reliability were greater for CT than for ultrasound, although both methods showed high accuracy and good reproducibility.

Estudo prospectivo de pacientes pediátricos com dor abdominal crônica Prospective study of infants with chronic abdominal pain

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Tatiana Kores Dorsa

2007-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Classificar a dor abdominal crônica em crianças e adolescentes por meio dos critérios de Roma II e definir o desfecho diagnóstico em três anos de seguimento. MÉTODOS: Durante um ano, 71 pacientes com dor abdominal crônica foram atendidos como casos novos num ambulatório terciário de gastroenterologia pediátrica. Causas orgânicas foram excluídas por bases clínicas e laboratoriais, e relatos clínicos foram avaliados especificamente quanto à possibilidade de preencherem os Critérios de Roma II para dor abdominal em crianças. Para estabelecer o diagnóstico definitivo, os pacientes foram seguidos por três anos, em média. RESULTADOS: A alocação dos 71 pacientes segundo Roma II foi: doença orgânica (n=12, remissão dos sintomas após a primeira consulta (n=7, ou preencheram os critérios para dor funcional (n=52. Dos 12 pacientes de doença orgânica, nove foram diagnosticados como intolerantes à lactose, mas foram re-alocados para doença funcional no seguimento, visto que a dieta de isenção não aliviou a queixa. Dos 52 pacientes com doença funcional (idade mediana=9,3 anos, 50% meninos, nove, que inicialmente preencheram o critério para dor abdominal funcional, foram re-alocados no diagnóstico de constipação funcional e 43 mantiveram o diagnóstico funcional: 24 com dispepsia funcional, 18 com dor abdominal funcional e um com síndrome do intestino irritável. CONCLUSÕES: Dentre os casos de dor abdominal crônica, a dor do tipo funcional foi mais comum que as causas orgânicas e, dentre os seus subgrupos, a dispepsia funcional foi mais freqüente. O seguimento em longo prazo permitiu estabelecer o diagnóstico definitivo da origem da dor abdominal nessas crianças.OBJECTIVE: To classify chronic abdominal pain in children and adolescents, according to Rome II criteria and to define diagnosis outcome in a three-year follow-up period. METHODS: During one year, 71 consecutive new patients with abdominal pain

MODELO AUTORREGRESIVO BILINEAL APLICADO A LA PREDICCIÓN MENSUAL DE CAUDALES EN COLOMBIA

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Juan David Cadavid

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Se aplica un modelo estocástico bilineal, el cual inicialmente es propuesto para análisis de retornos financieros y otros sistemas complejos combinando la alta no linealidad y multiplicidad del ruido. Este modelo, por su carácter aleatorio, no tiene componente determinística que permita considerar la persistencia de los caudales en una aplicación a la Hidrología. Por lo tanto, se propone el acoplamiento entre la parte determinística de un modelo autorregresivo de orden 2 y el modelo estocástico bilineal como componente aleatorio, y se obtiene un modelo autorregresivo bilineal (MAB. El MAB se empleó para la predicción de caudales en ventanas de 3, 6 y 12 meses en 12 ríos de Colombia de diferentes regiones del país. El MAB tiene una estructura simple y muestra una mejora sustancial en la disminución de los errores para los caudales máximos y mínimos en el período de validación respecto de los modelos estocásticos tradicionales.

Aproximación a un modelo de aprovisionamiento de servicios convergentes

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Julián Andrés Caicedo

2014-12-01

Full Text Available El aprovisionamiento de servicios de telecomunicaciones ha cambiado notablemente en los últimos 30 años; se ha pasado de modelos estáticos, rígidos y controlados por un solo actor de negocio a modelos dinámicos, flexibles, con múltiples actores en la cadena de valor y orientados a los usuarios finales. Diferentes enfoques han planteado modelos de aprovisionamiento que cumplan requerimientos específicos a los operadores de telecomunicaciones. Sin embargo, aún no están claros los procesos principales que deben desarrollarse en cada fase del ciclo de vida del servicio para que permitan una integración efectiva entre diferentes modelos de aprovisionamiento. En este artículo se presenta una aproximación al modelo inicial de aprovisionamiento de servicios convergentes, el cual abstrae los principales procesos dentro de las fases de diseño, despliegue y operación del servicio. De igual manera, se presenta un piloto funcional que ejecuta de manera automática el proceso de despliegue inicial en un entorno convergente con base en los procesos definidos en esta fase. Finalmente, el mecanismo es sometido a una prueba de escalabilidad para evaluar su desempeño.

ANÁLISIS DE LA INESTABILIDAD DE TURING EN MODELOS BIOLÓGICOS

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JUAN VANEGAS

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El análisis matemático de modelos biológicos descritos por ecuaciones de reacción difusión da lugar al concepto de inestabilidad de Turing. En este artículo se analiza este concepto y el espacio matemático en donde tiene lugar, conocido como espacio de Turing. El objetivo es establecer la relación entre el conjunto de parámetros que definen la presencia de patrones espacio-temporales en un sistema de reacción difusión. Estos parámetros son validados mediante la implementación numérica por el método de los elementos finitos en 1D y 2D de dos modelos conocidos: el modelo de Schnakenberg y el modelo de glucólisis. Los resultados demuestran que los parámetros obtenidos mediante el análisis matemático cumplen las restricciones de Turing y permiten la formación de patrones espacio-temporales. Se concluye que el análisis matemático de estabilidad es una herramienta útil para la obtención de parámetros desconocidos en modelos que usualmente requieren de ajustes mediante experimentación numérica.

Intra-abdominal fat area measurement using chest CT data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moriya, Hiroshi; Midorikawa, Shigeo; Hashimoto, Kouji; Ishii, Akira; Saitou, Kumi; Andou, Tomonori; Kitamura, Naoko; Sakuma, Koutarou

2007-01-01

Intra-abdominal fat obesity, which is linked with the metabolic syndrome, is usually characterized by measuring intra-abdominal fat area at the umbilical level of abdominal CT scan. In recent year, the chances of chest CT scanning are increased, as lung cancer screening survey or individual medical examination. Thus, we presented a method of measuring the areas of intra-abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat at the lower slice of chest CT scan. Fat areas found with this method were significantly correlated with those obtained at the umbilical level. (author)

BALANCED SCORECARD PARA EMPRENDEDORES: DESDE EL MODELO CANVAS AL CUADRO DE MANDO INTEGRAL

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JOSÉ MANUEL SÁNCHEZ VÁZQUEZ

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El Cuadro de Mando Integral (BSC y el modelo Canvas pueden enlazarse como herramientas complementarias para los emprendedores. La primera desarrolla objetivos y medidas operativas en cuatro perspectivas principales para alcanzar la misión y estrategia. La segunda ha supuesto una (re-evolución en la generación de modelos de negocio, estableciendo nueve apartados que reflejan su lógica. En el artículo se desarrolla un modelo de trabajo que, partiendo de la necesidad de dispo - ner de un BSC, relaciona su diseño con la información recogida previamente en el modelo Canvas, señalando su mutua necesidad.

Unusual initial abdominal presentations of invasive meningococcal disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Guiddir, Tamazoust; Gros, Marion; Hong, Eva; Terrade, Aude; Denizon, Mélanie; Deghmane, Ala-Eddine; Taha, Muhamed-Kheir

2018-03-28

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is recognized as septicemia and/or meningitis. However, early symptoms may vary and are frequently nonspecific. Early abdominal presentations have been increasingly described. We aimed to explore a large cohort of patients with initial abdominal presentations for association with particular meningococcal strains. Confirmed IMD cases in France between 1991-2016 were screened for the presence within the 24 hours before diagnosis of at least one of the following criteria (1) abdominal pain, (2) gastro-enteritis with diarrhea and vomiting, (3) diarrhea only. Whole genome sequencing was performed on all cultured isolates. We identified 105 cases (median age 19 years) of early abdominal presentations with a sharp increase since 2014. Early abdominal pain alone was the most frequent symptom (n=67, 64%), followed by gastro-enteritis (n=26, 25%) and diarrhea alone (n=12, 11%). Twenty patients (20%) had abdominal surgery. A higher case fatality rate (24%) was observed in these cases compared to 10.4% in all IMD in France (p=0.007) with high levels of inflammation markers in the blood. Isolates of group W were significantly more predominant in these cases compared to all IMD. Most of these isolates belonged to clonal complex ST-11 (cc11) of the sublineages of the South American-UK strain. Abdominal presentations are frequently provoked by hyperinvasive isolates of meningococci. Delay in the management of these cases and the virulence of the isolates may explain the high fatality rate. Rapid recognition is a key element to improve their management.

Laparoscopy in unexplained abdominal pain: surgeon's perspective

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdullah, M.T.; Waqar, S.H.; Zahid, M.A.

2016-01-01

Unexplained abdominal pain is a common but difficult presenting feature faced by the clinicians. Such patients can undergo a number of investigations with failure to reach any diagnosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and management of patients with unexplained abdominal pain. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad from January 2009 to December 2013. This study included 91 patients of unexplained abdominal pain not diagnosed by routine clinical examination and investigations. These patients were subjected to diagnostic laparoscopy for evaluation of their conditions and to confirm the diagnosis. These patients presented 43% of patients undergoing investigations for abdominal pain. Patients diagnosed with gynaecological problems were excluded to see surgeon's perspective. The findings and the outcomes of the laparoscopy were recorded and data was analyzed. Results: Unexplained abdominal pain is common in females than in males. The most common laparoscopic findings were abdominal tuberculosis followed by appendicitis. Ninety percent patients achieved pain relief after laparoscopic intervention. Conclusion: Laparoscopy is both beneficial and safe in majority of patients with unexplained abdominal pain. General surgeons should acquire training and experience in laparoscopic surgery to provide maximum benefit to these difficult patients. (author)

Recurrent desmoid tumor of the abdominal wall | Toughrai | Pan ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Desmoid tumors most often occur in abdominal wall. Their tendency to recur lead to repeated operations which can make the abdominal wall reconstruction difficult. We report a 28-year-old female history. The patient was referred to our hospital for a recurrent desmoid tumor of the abdominal wall. The tumor was totally ...

Effects of acupuncture therapy on abdominal fat and hepatic fat content in obese children: a magnetic resonance imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Hong; Peng, Yun; Liu, ZuXiang; Li, Shilian; Lv, Zhongli; Tian, LiFang; Zhu, Jie; Zhao, XuNa; Chen, Min

2011-05-01

The aim of this study was to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) together with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) to study the influence of acupuncture therapy on abdominal fat and hepatic fat content in obese children. The design was a longitudinal, clinical intervention study of acupuncture therapy. SUBJECTS were 10 healthy, obese children (age: 11.4 ± 1.65 years, body-mass index [BMI]: 29.03 ± 4.81 kg/m(2)). Measurements included various anthropometric parameters, abdominal fat (assessed by MRI) and hepatic fat content (assessed by (1)H-MRS) at baseline and after 1 month of acupuncture therapy. One (1) month of acupuncture therapy significantly reduced the subjects' BMI by 3.5% (p = 0.005), abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume by 16.04% (p  0.05). There was a significant correlation between the level of abdominal fat (SAT, VAT) and anthropometric parameters (weight, BMI, waist circumferences, hip circumferences). There was no statistically significant correlation between IHTG and anthropometric parameters or abdominal fat content. The first direct experimental evidence is provided demonstrating that acupuncture therapy significantly reduces BMI and abdominal adipose tissue by reducing abdominal VAT content without significant changes in body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, WHR, abdominal SAT, or IHTG content. Thus, the use of acupuncture therapy to selectively target a reduction in abdominal VAT content should become more important and more popular in the future.

Indentación por impacto de baja energía: modelo completo

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Jiménez, O.

2004-04-01

Full Text Available The present work propose is the polymer and composites mechanical proprieties evaluation, using low energy impact techniques in flexure plate configuration hitting by a semi spherical indenters and working with a non linear and non conservative model that involve the permanent deformations due to the impact flexure and indentation. Two systems arrayed in serial configuration, a flexion spring-dashpot and an indentation hertzian spring-dashpot, conform this model. Since this do not have analytical solutions, a 4rd order Runge-Kutta numeric model is used in order to solve it and is compared with experimental results measuring the global energy lost with the restitution coefficient. Different polystyrene (PS matrix composites series with elastomeric and rigid dispersed phases were tested. A satisfactory model approach to the registered experimental curves is showed, allowing the elastic modulus calculus at high impact velocities and also the determination of the energy at the beginning of the specimen damage.

El objetivo de este trabajo es la evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas de polímeros y composites mediante el uso de técnicas de impacto de baja energía en configuración de flexión, de platos golpeados con cabezales semiesféricos, utilizando para ello un modelo no lineal y no conservativo que involucre el efecto de las deformaciones permanentes inherentes a la flexión y a la indentación presentes en el proceso de impacto. Este modelo esta compuesto por dos sistemas en serie: resorte-amortiguador para la flexión y resorte hertziano-amortiguador para la indentación. Al carecer éste de soluciones analíticas, se resuelve usando el método numérico de Runge-Kutta de cuarto orden, comparándose con resultados experimentales y evaluando, mediante el coeficiente de restitución, las pérdidas globales de energía ocasionadas durante el ensayo. Se realizaron ensayos en varias series de composites de matriz polimérica de

ABDOMINAL TRAUMA- CLINICAL STUDY

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Vanaja Ratnakumari Billa

2017-08-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND In the recent times there has been increased incidence of abdominal trauma cases due to several causes. Quick and prompt intervention is needed to decrease the mortality of the patients. So we conducted a study to assess the cause and the management of abdominal trauma cases in our institution. The aim of this study was to know the incidence of blunt and penetrating injuries and their causes, age and sex incidence, importance of various investigations, mode of treatment offered and post-operative complications. To study the cause of death and evolve better management. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study comprises of patients admitted to and operated in various surgical units in the Department of Surgery at Government General Hospital, attached to Guntur Medical College Guntur, from August 2014 to October 2016. RESULTS Increase incidence seen in age group 20-29 years (30%. Male predominance 77.5%. Mechanism of injury–road traffic accidents 65%. Isolated organ injury–colon and rectum 40%. Other associated injuries–chest injuries with rib fractures 7.5%. Complications–wound infection 17.5%. Duration of hospital stay 8–14 days. Bowel injury management–closure of perforation 84.6%. Resection anastomosis 15.38%. CONCLUSION Thorough clinical examination, diagnostic paracentesis, plain X-ray erect abdomen and ultrasound proved to be very helpful in the diagnosis of intra-abdominal injuries. Spleen is the commonest organ involved in blunt trauma and colon is the commonly injured organ in penetrating abdominal trauma, many patients have associated extremity and axial skeleton injuries. With advances in diagnosis and intensive care technologies, most patients of solid visceral injuries with hemodynamic stability can be managed conservatively. Surgical site infection is the most common complication following surgery. The mortality is high; reason might be patient reaching the hospital late, high incidence of postoperative septic

Modelo experimental estável de aneurisma sacular em artéria carótida de suínos utilizando veia jugular interna Stable experimental model of carotid artery saccular aneurysm in swine using the internal jugular vein

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Severino Lourenço da Silva Júnior

2013-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Desenvolver um modelo experimental estável de aneurisma sacular em carótida de suínos utilizando veia jugular interna. MÉTODOS: Em 12 suínos sadios, com peso variando entre 25 e 50kg, cinco machos e sete fêmeas, foi confeccionado aneurisma na artéria carótida comum direita. Após arteriotomia elíptica, foi realizada anastomose terminolateral com coto distal de veia jugular interna. O volume do aneurisma era calculado de maneira que o valor não excedesse em 27 vezes o valor da área da arteriotomia. Após seis dias, era realizada angiografia e análise microscópica do aneurisma para avaliar perviedade e trombose parcial ou total. RESULTADOS: Houve ganho de peso significante dos suínos no intervalo de tempo entre a confecção do aneurisma e a angiografia (p = 0,04. Foi observada perviedade aneurismática em dez suínos (83%. Ocorreram infecções de feridas operatórias em dois animais (16,6%, ambas com início de aparecimento em três dias após a confecção do aneurisma. Análise histológica dos aneurismas mostrou trombos ocluindo parcialmente a luz em nove suínos (75%. Nesses animais, observou-se que, em média, 9% da luz aneurismática estava preenchida por trombos. CONCLUSÃO: Pôde ser desenvolvido um modelo experimental estável de aneurisma sacular em carótida de suínos utilizando veia jugular interna.OBJECTIVE: To develop an experimental model of stable saccular aneurysm in carotid of pigs using the internal jugular vein. METHODS: In 12 healthy pigs, weighing between 25 and 50kg, five males and seven females, we made a right common carotid artery aneurysm. After elliptical arteriotomy, we carried out a terminolateral anastomosis with the distal stump of the internal jugular vein. Aneurysm volume was calculated so that the value did not exceed 27 times the area of the arteriotomy. After six days angiography and microscopic examination were performed to assess patency of the aneurysm and the presence of total or

Modelo de benchmarking de la cadena de abastecimiento para pymes manufactureras.

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Alfredo Beltrán Amador

2002-01-01

Full Text Available El modelo de benchmarking de la cadena de abastecimiento para Pymes manufactureras representa una guía para el mejoramiento de los procesos logísticos de una Pyme dedicada a la producción. En el presente artículo se muestra tanto el desarrollo del modelo como los principales resultados de su implementación en una muestra de empresas del Prodes (Programa de Desarrollo Sectorial de alimentos de Acopi, de la ciudad de Cali. Con base en los resultados de este estudio de aplicación demostrativa y de prueba, se establecen pautas para futuras investigaciones y aplicaciones del modelo en otros sectores. Este modelo ha sido desarrollado con base en los hallazgos del estudio titulado «Propuesta para el desarrollo de un sistema logístico integral para Pymes», realizado por los autores, como opción de grado para el título de Maestría en Administración, en convenio con la Universidad de Tulane.

Functional abdominal pain syndrome treated with Korean medication

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Chang-Gue Son

2014-06-01

Full Text Available A 37-year-old female patient with chronic and stubborn abdominal pain had been hospitalized five times in three Western hospitals, but no effects were observed. No abnormalities were found in blood tests, gastrointestinal endoscopy, sonogram, and computed tomography of the abdomen, except mild paralytic ileus. The patient decided to rely on Korean medicine as an inpatient. She was diagnosed with functional abdominal pain syndrome, and her symptom differentiation was the “Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney.” A herbal drug, Hwangikyeji-tang, along with moxibustion and acupuncture, was given to the patient. Abdominal pain and related symptoms were reduced radically within 16 days of treatment. This report shows a therapeutic potential of Korean medicine-based treatment for functional abdominal pain syndrome.

Functional abdominal pain syndrome treated with Korean medication.

Science.gov (United States)

Son, Chang-Gue

2014-06-01

A 37-year-old female patient with chronic and stubborn abdominal pain had been hospitalized five times in three Western hospitals, but no effects were observed. No abnormalities were found in blood tests, gastrointestinal endoscopy, sonogram, and computed tomography of the abdomen, except mild paralytic ileus. The patient decided to rely on Korean medicine as an inpatient. She was diagnosed with functional abdominal pain syndrome, and her symptom differentiation was the " Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney ." A herbal drug, Hwangikyeji-tang , along with moxibustion and acupuncture, was given to the patient. Abdominal pain and related symptoms were reduced radically within 16 days of treatment. This report shows a therapeutic potential of Korean medicine-based treatment for functional abdominal pain syndrome.

Modelos epidémicos con control por vacunación

OpenAIRE

Saralegui Vallejo, Unai

2016-01-01

Existen diferentes tipos de modelos epidémicos no lineales en los que las dinámicas de las sub-poblaciones ( susceptibles, infectados , recobrados , vacunados etc. ) están acopladas. La vacunación puede interpretatrse como un control cuyo objetivo es eliminar la infección. Se estudian estos modelos matemáticamente, para despues comprobar los resultados obtenidos mediante simulaciones.

Modelos de serviços hospitalares para casos agudos em idosos

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Coelho Filho João Macedo

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Embora a atenção ao idoso seja uma prioridade emergente no Brasil, pouca ênfase tem sido dada a modelos de organização de serviços hospitalares para pacientes geriátricos. São revisados modelos de serviços hospitalares para admissão e manuseio de casos agudos em idosos, com ênfase na discussão sobre o papel e o posicionamento da medicina geriátrica (incluindo sua interface com especialidades e com a clínica médica no âmbito da atenção hospitalar. Foi realizada pesquisa na base de dados Medline (1989-1999, bem como nos principais livros-texto de geriatria e de gerontologia, buscando identificar descrições de serviços hospitalares para cuidado agudo de pacientes idosos. As características dos modelos identificados foram compiladas e descritas à luz de sua adequação à realidade dos serviços de saúde no Brasil. Exemplos de intervenções em geriatria, com efetividade demonstrada através de revisões sistemáticas, foram também citadas. Os modelos mais freqüentemente relatados foram cuidado prolongado, tradicional, baseado na idade cronológica, não especializado e integrado. Adaptações e variantes de alguns desses modelos foram freqüentemente relatadas, assim como seu impacto potencial na efetividade do cuidado geriátrico. Evidências sobre o melhor modelo a seguir não foram identificadas, mas aqueles modelos favorecendo a integração da geriatria com a clínica geral pareceram mais adequados à nossa realidade. Ressalta a necessidade de reestruturação de serviços de saúde para responder às novas demandas que surgem com o envelhecimento da população, bem como do delineamento de serviços hospitalares para casos agudos, importantes para a efetividade do cuidado geriátrico e que devem ser objeto de maior debate e pesquisa no Brasil.

Abdominal fedme og fedmerelaterede sygdomme hos patienter i almen praksis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Haugan, Ketil; Rost, Dan; Knudsen, Nils

2010-01-01

Abdominal obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia and hypertension. The prevalence of abdominal obesity and its relationship with these comorbidities have not previously been examined in Danish primary care patients.......Abdominal obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia and hypertension. The prevalence of abdominal obesity and its relationship with these comorbidities have not previously been examined in Danish primary care patients....

A randomized, controlled trial of routine early abdominal computed tomography in patients presenting with non-specific acute abdominal pain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sala, E.; Watson, C.J.E.; Beadsmoore, C.; Groot-Wassink, T.; Fanshawe, T.R.; Smith, J.C.; Bradley, A.; Palmer, C.R.; Shaw, A.; Dixon, A.K.

2007-01-01

Aim: To compare the effect of an initial early computed tomography (CT) examination versus standard practice (SP) on the length of hospital stay, diagnostic accuracy, and mortality of adults presenting with acute abdominal pain. Materials and methods: Two hundred and five adults presenting with acute abdominal pain were randomized to undergo an early CT examination or current SP, which comprised supine abdominal and erect chest radiography. One hundred and ninety-eight patients (99 in each arm) were included in the analysis. The primary endpoint was the duration of inpatient stay; secondary endpoints were diagnostic certainty and mortality. Results: There was no significant difference in the length of hospital stay between the two arms (p = 0.20). At randomization 36% (35 of 96) of CT patients and 49% (48 of 98) of SP patients were correctly diagnosed; 24 h after randomization the correct diagnosis had been established in 84% of CT patients and 73% of SP patients. This refinement in diagnostic certainty was significantly better in the CT group (p < 0.001). There was no difference in mortality between the two trial arms (p = 0.31). Conclusion: Early abdominal CT in patients with acute abdominal pain improves diagnostic certainty, but does not reduce the length of hospital stay and 6 month mortality

MODELO INTERACTIVO FUNCIONAL DEL SISTEMA DE TELEVISIÓN

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Cesar Augusto Ramirez Corzo

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El siguiente artículo presenta el modelo comunicativo interactivo mediante el cual se describe, se analiza y se demuestra la incapacidad del sistema de televisión en Colombia para garantizar la protección de los menores de edad frente a los contenidos televisivos, destacándose tres subsistemas, el industrial, el humano y el legal. El modelo permite visualizar cómo funcionan y se integran los actores, cuáles son su propósitos, y el impacto que generan en el público receptor. El marco teórico se centra en el Interaccionismo Simbólico y en el estructural funcionalismo, para demostrar como el menor de edad queda totalmente expuesto a unos intereses económicos de la industria, sin suficiente protección del sistema legal, produciendo graves consecuencias en su dimensión espiritual, personal y social. El modelo comunicativo interactivo se convierte en un referente de análisis para investigaciones sociales que contemplen la influencia de los contenidos culturales en el individuo y en la sociedad.

Intra-abdominal cryptococcosis in two dogs.

Science.gov (United States)

Malik, R; Hunt, G B; Bellenger, C R; Allan, G S; Martin, P; Canfield, P J; Love, D N

1999-08-01

Intra-abdominal cryptococcosis was diagnosed in two young dogs. The first, an entire male border collie, was presented with vomiting. An abdominal mass detected during physical examination proved to be cryptococcal mesenteric lymphadenitis on exploratory laparotomy. The second dog, a female neutered giant schnauzer, was presented with neurological signs suggestive of encephalopathy. Intestinal cryptococcal granulomas were detected in an extensive diagnostic investigation which included abdominal ultrasonography. The gastrointestinal tract was considered the most likely portal of entry for cryptococcal organisms in both cases. Both dogs were treated using surgery and multiagent antifungal chemotherapy. The first case succumbed despite therapy, while the second dog was treated successfully as gauged by return to clinical normality and a substantial decline in the cryptococcal antigen titre which continued to fall after cessation of treatment.

Ramos colaterais parietais e terminais da aorta abdominal em Myocastor coypus (nutria Terminal and parietal colateral branches of the abdominal aorta in Myocastor coypus (nutria

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Paulete de Oliveira Vargas Culau

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Neste estudo, utilizaram-se 30 nutrias, 15 fêmeas e 15 machos, com o sistema arterial aórtico-abdominal preenchido com látex 603, pigmentado em vermelho, e fixado em uma solução aquosa de formaldeído a 20%. A aorta abdominal emitiu de sua superfície dorsal de 6 a 8 artérias lombares únicas. Das artérias renais, direita e esquerda, originaram-se as artérias frênico-abdominal para irrigar parte do diafragma e da parede abdominal lateral cranial. A aorta abdominal lançou dorsalmente, a artéria sacral mediana, cranialmente a sua bifurcação em artérias ilíacas comuns. As artérias ilíacas comuns, ramos terminais da aorta abdominal, originaram as artérias ilíacas interna e externa. A artéria ilíaca interna distribuiu-se nas vísceras da cavidade pélvica. A artéria ilíaca externa emitiu uma artéria umbilical e, antes de alcançar o anel femoral, lançou a artéria circunflexa ilíaca profunda para a parede abdominal lateral, em seus dois terços caudais. A artéria ilíaca externa lançou o tronco pudendo-epigástrico, que originou a artéria epigástrica caudal, para a parede abdominal ventral e a artéria pudenda externa, que saiu pelo canal inguinal, para irrigar a genitália externa. Os ramos parietais diretos da aorta abdominal foram as artérias lombares e a artéria sacral mediana, enquanto as artérias frênico-abdominal, circunflexa ilíaca profunda e epigástrica caudal, foram ramos colaterais parietais indiretos. Os ramos terminais da artéria aorta abdominal foram as artérias ilíacas comuns com seus ramos, as artérias ilíacas interna e externa.For this study it was used 30 nutria, 15 females and 15 males, with its abdominal aorta system full filled with latex 603, stained in red, and fixed in an aqueous solution of formaldehyde 20%. The abdominal aorta emitted from its dorsal surface 6 to 8 single lumbar arteries. From the renal arteries, left and right, it has been originated the phrenicoabdominal arteries

Abdominal wall surgery

Science.gov (United States)

... as liposuction , which is another way to remove fat. But, abdominal wall surgery is sometimes combined with liposuction. ... from the middle and lower sections of your abdomen to make it firmer ... removes excess fat and skin (love handles) from the sides of ...

Modelo de administración de inventarios para una empresa de telecomunicaciones

OpenAIRE

Recalde Suárez, Daniel Leonardo

2015-01-01

Esta tesis de Maestría propone un Modelo de Administración de Inventarios para una empresa del sector de las Telecomunicaciones. Se basa en identificar un Modelo de acuerdo a las características del Inventario según (Heizer Render, 2009). El resultado de este trabajo es definir la Administración del Inventario cumpliendo con los requerimientos para este tipo de empresas; porque utilizan los inventarios para impulsar de alguna manera el consumo de los servicios, el Modelo de Administración pe...

Un Modelo Holístico de Competencia Docente para el Mundo Digital

OpenAIRE

Esteve, Francesc; Castañeda, Linda; Adell Segura, Jordi

2018-01-01

En este trabajo se presenta un modelo de competencia docente para el mundo digital que pretende superar algunas de las principales limitaciones de modelos previos, especialmente un concepto de competencia restrictivo, una visión de la acción docente reducida al aula y una perspectiva instrumentalista de la tecnología. El modelo, pensado para la enseñanza básica, describe a un docente generador de prácticas y contenidos pedagógicos digitales, práctico-reflexivo aumentad...

Reproducibility of abdominal fat assessment by ultrasound and computed tomography

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mauad, Fernando Marum; Chagas-Neto, Francisco Abaete; Benedeti, Augusto Cesar Garcia Saab; Nogueira-Barbosa, Marcello Henrique; Muglia, Valdair Francisco; Carneiro, Antonio Adilton Oliveira; Muller, Enrico Mattana; Elias Junior, Jorge, E-mail: fernando@fatesa.edu.br [Faculdade de Tecnologia em Saude (FATESA), Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil); Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, CE (Brazil). Departmento de Radiologia; Universidade de Sao Paulo (FMRP/USP), Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina. Departmento de Medicina Clinica; Universidade de Sao Paulo (FFCLRP/USP), Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras; Hospital Mae de Deus, Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil)

2017-05-15

Objective: To test the accuracy and reproducibility of ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) for the quantification of abdominal fat in correlation with the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical assessments. Materials and Methods: Using ultrasound and CT, we determined the thickness of subcutaneous and intra-abdominal fat in 101 subjects-of whom 39 (38.6%) were men and 62 (61.4%) were women-with a mean age of 66.3 years (60-80 years). The ultrasound data were correlated with the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters, as well as with the areas measured by abdominal CT. Results: Intra-abdominal thickness was the variable for which the correlation with the areas of abdominal fat was strongest (i.e., the correlation coefficient was highest). We also tested the reproducibility of ultrasound and CT for the assessment of abdominal fat and found that CT measurements of abdominal fat showed greater reproducibility, having higher intraobserver and interobserver reliability than had the ultrasound measurements. There was a significant correlation between ultrasound and CT, with a correlation coefficient of 0.71. Conclusion: In the assessment of abdominal fat, the intraobserver and interobserver reliability were greater for CT than for ultrasound, although both methods showed high accuracy and good reproducibility. (author)

Trauma abdominal em grávidas Abdominal trauma in pregnant women

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Gustavo Pereira Fraga

2005-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: avaliar os fatores indicativos (parâmetros clínicos e índices de gravidade fisiológicos e anatômicos da evolução materna e fetal entre gestantes vítimas de trauma abdominal submetidas à laparotomia e discutir as particularidades do atendimento nesta situação. MÉTODOS: análise retrospectiva dos prontuários de 245 mulheres com trauma abdominal e tratamento operatório, atendidas entre 1990 e 2002. Foram identificadas 13 gestantes com lesão abdominal submetidas à laparotomia. Para registro e análise estatística dos dados foram utilizados o protocolo Epi-Info 6.04 e o teste exato de Fisher, com intervalo de confiança de 95%. Foram relacionados com a mortalidade fetal: escore na escala de coma de Glasgow, pressão arterial sistólica, índices de trauma (RTS, ATI, ISS e lesão uterina. RESULTADOS: a idade variou de 13 a 34 anos (média de 22,5. Seis mulheres (46,2% estavam no terceiro trimestre de gestação. O trauma penetrante correspondeu a 53,8% das lesões e em seis dessas pacientes o mecanismo de trauma foi ferimento por projétil de arma de fogo. Três pacientes tiveram lesões uterinas, associadas com óbito fetal. Não houve óbito materno e a mortalidade fetal foi de 30,7%. Não houve associação entre os índices de trauma e a mortalidade materna e fetal. A lesão uterina foi o único fator preditivo de risco para perda fetal (p=0,014. CONCLUSÕES: apesar da casuística pequena e de se tratar de estudo retrospectivo de gestantes com trauma grave, os achados deste estudo mostram que não há indicadores com boa acurácia para indicação da evolução materna e fetal.PURPOSE: to evaluate the predictors (clinical findings and physiological and anatomical scores of the maternal and fetal outcomes among pregnant women victims of abdominal trauma who were submitted to laparotomy and to discuss particularities of assessment in this situation. METHODS: retrospective analysis of the medical records of 245 women with

Modelo experimental de trauma medular agudo produzido por aparelho estereotáxico modificado Experimental model of acute spinal cord injury produced by modified steriotaxic equipment

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B.B.J. Torres

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Foram utilizados 55 ratos machos da espécie Rattus novergicus, variedade Wistar, com o objetivo de propor um modelo experimental de trauma medular produzido por aparelho estereotáxico modificado, capaz de reproduzir clinicamente lesões medulares padronizadas. Após realização de laminectomia dorsal de T13, utilizou-se peso compressivo de 50,5g (25 animais - grupo I ou 70,5g (30 animais - grupo II, durante cinco minutos, comprimindo a medula espinhal. Os animais foram assistidos durante oito dias, por meio de testes comportamentais para avaliar a sensibilidade dolorosa, a capacidade motora, o posicionamento tátil e proprioceptivo e a capacidade de manter-se em plano inclinado. No grupo I, observaram-se déficits neurológicos moderados e transitórios, que variaram entre os animais. No grupo II, foi possível obter um trauma padronizado, caracterizado por paraplegia bilateral e simétrica dos membros posteriores, perda de propriocepção e da sensibilidade dolorosa de todos os animais. A utilização do aparelho estereotáxico desenvolvido permite reproduzir clinicamente trauma medular padronizado em ratos, de maneira simples, econômica e satisfatória, o que poderá proporcionar avanços nas investigações terapêuticas, abrangendo doenças neurodegenerativas, como é o caso do trauma medular agudo.Fifty-five male rats (Rattus novergicus, Wistar variety, were used with the purpose of suggesting an experimental model of spinal cord trauma performed by using a modified stereotaxic equipment capable to reproduce clinically (standardized pattern spinal cord injury. After dorsal laminectomy of T13, a compression was performed with 50.5g (25 animals - group I or 70.5g (30 animals - group II during five minutes on spinal cord. The animals were assisted during eight days by behavioral tests to evaluate painful sensibility, motor capacity, proprioceptive and tactil placing, and stability on inclined plan. In the group I, moderate and transitory

Abdominal surgery in neonatal foals.

Science.gov (United States)

Bryant, James E; Gaughan, Earl M

2005-08-01

Abdominal surgery in foals under 30 days old has become more common with improved neonatal care. Early recognition of a foal at risk and better nursing care have increased the survival rates of foals that require neonatal care. The success of improved neonatal care also has increased the need for accurate diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal, umbilical, and bladder disorders in these foals. This chapter focuses on the early and accurate diagnosis of specific disorders that require abdominal exploratory surgery and the specific treatment considerations and prognosis for these disorders.

Capacidad Predictiva de Modelos de Insolvencia con Base en Números Contables y Datos Descriptivos

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Júlio Orestes da Silva

2012-01-01

Full Text Available En el Brasil la pesquisa sobre modelos de previsión de insolvencia se inició en la década de 1970, siendo que lamayor parte de los trabajos hizo uso del Análisis Discriminante como herramienta estadística del modelo. En losúltimos años, se buscó verificar si es posible prever la insolvencia de las empresas utilizando datos descriptivoscontenidos en los informes de las organizaciones. Así, este estudio tiene como objetivo verificar la capacidad dealgunos modelos de previsión de insolvencia en prever la discontinuidad de empresas brasileñas que decretaron quiebra. La pesquisa se caracteriza como descriptiva y posee abordaje cuantitativo, realizado por medio de pesquisadocumental. La muestra totalizó 13 empresas que decretaron quiebra entre los años de 1997 y 2003. Los resultadosindican que la mayoría de los modelos de previsión de quiebra testados presentó resultados elevados deprevisiones correctas. Los modelos de previsión de discontinuidad con base en informes descriptivos obtuvieronen media más previsiones asertivas en relación a la capacidad de prever la quiebra de las empresas. Esos descubrimientosdemuestran que, a pesar de que algunas pesquisas apunten hacia la falta de validez de predictores creadosen realidades empresariales diferentes, algunos modelos todavía poseen buena capacidad de previsión de insolvencia.Se concluye que tanto los modelos de previsión de insolvencia con base en números contables en relación alos modelos que se utilizan datos de informes descriptivos pueden prever la discontinuidad de las organizaciones.Por fin, se puede inferir que la mayoría de los modelos de previsión de quiebra que hacen uso de números contablespueden ser funcionales y capaces de prever la discontinuidad de las organizaciones.

Abdominal aspergillosis: CT findings

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Yeom, Suk Keu, E-mail: pagoda20@hanmail.net [Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1, Poongnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Hye Jin, E-mail: kimhyejin@amc.seoul.kr [Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1, Poongnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736 (Korea, Republic of); Byun, Jae Ho, E-mail: jhbyun@amc.seoul.kr [Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1, Poongnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Ah Young, E-mail: aykim@amc.seoul.kr [Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1, Poongnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736 (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Moon-Gyu, E-mail: mglee@amc.seoul.kr [Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1, Poongnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736 (Korea, Republic of); Ha, Hyun Kwon, E-mail: hkha@amc.seoul.kr [Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1, Poongnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736 (Korea, Republic of)

2011-03-15

Objective: In order to retrospectively evaluate the CT findings of abdominal aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. Materials and methods: CT scans were reviewed with regard to the sites, number, morphologic appearance, attenuation, and the contrast enhancement patterns of the lesions in six patients (5 women, 1 man; mean age, 43.4 years; range, 23-59 years) with pathologically proved abdominal aspergillosis by two gastrointestinal radiologists in consensus. Medical records were also reviewed to determine each patient's clinical status and outcome. Results: All patients were immunocompromised state: 4 patients received immunosuppressive therapy for solid organ transplantation and 2 patients received chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia. Aspergillosis involved blood vessels (n = 3), liver (n = 2), spleen (n = 2), gastrointestinal tract (n = 2), native kidney (n = 1), transplanted kidney (n = 1), peritoneum (n = 1), and retroperitoneum (n = 1). CT demonstrated solid organ or bowel infarction or perforation secondary to vascular thrombosis or pseudoaneurysm, multiple low-attenuating lesions of solid organs presenting as abscesses, concentric bowel wall thickening mimicking typhlitis, or diffuse or nodular infiltration of the peritoneum and retroperitoneum. Conclusion: Familiarity with findings commonly presenting as angioinvasive features or abscesses on CT, may facilitate the diagnosis of rare and fatal abdominal aspergillosis.

Construindo um modelo de sistema de cuidados Construyendo un modelo de sistema de cuidados Developing an explanatory theoretical model of system of care

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Alacoque Lorenzini Erdmann

2007-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Construir um modelo teórico explicativo de Sistema de Cuidados. METODO: Estudo exploratório qualitativo apoiado nos pressupostos da Grounded Theory. Participaram do estudo 15 profissionais e os dados foram coletados por entrevista aberta. RESULTADOS: O Modelo teórico foi delimitado a partir do fenômeno Construindo o Sistema Complexo de Cuidados determinado pelas categorias: Convivendo com a dinamicidade do sistema de cuidados e Organizando o sistema de cuidados a partir de múltiplas interações. CONCLUSÃO: O modelo de sistema de cuidados apresentou-se como sistema vital e dinâmico construído a partir de redes interacionais de vários saberes do agir humano expresso pelo trabalho compartilhado, multidisciplinar e em equipe.OBJETIVO: Construir un modelo teórico explicativo de Sistema de Cuidados. MÉTODO: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo exploratorio apoyado en las premisas de la Teoría Fundamentada en los Datos. Participaron del estudio 15 profesionales. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de una entrevista abierta. RESULTADOS: El modelo teórico se delimitó al fenómeno Construyendo el Sistema Complejo de Cuidados determinado por las categorías: Viviendo junto con la dinamicidad del sistema de cuidados y Organizando el sistema de cuidados a partir de interacciones múltiples. CONCLUSIÓN: El modelo de sistema de cuidados se presenta como un sistema vital y dinámico construido a partir de redes de interacción de conocimientos del actuar humano expresado en el trabajo conjunto, multidisciplinario y en equipo.OBJECTIVE: To develop an explanatory theoretical model of the system of care. METHOD: Grounded theory served as the conceptual framework to conduct this qualitative exploratory study. Unstructured interviews were conducted among 15 care professionals. RESULTS: The theoretical model was delimited from the phenomenon "building complex system of care" as determined by the following categories: "dealing with a

Modelo interrelacionado de decisiones

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Edwin Haramoto Nishikimoto

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Propone la implementación de un sistema interrelacionado de decisiones que permita superar los problemas que enfrentan los agentes que participan en las áreas de trabajo involucradas en la acción habitacional. Para estos describe cuatro modelos (habitacional, de decisión, de información y de alternativas habitacionales que permiten ordenar, relacionar, agrupar y jerarquizar todos los componentes del proceso habitacional

Evaluation of abdominal trauma by computed tomography and ultrasonography

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Lee, Do Yun; Kim, Sang Jin; Lee, Jong Tae; Yoo, Hyung Sik [Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1986-06-15

Out of 75 patients who were admitted to our hospital because of abdominal trauma and were undergone the procedures such as ultrasonography and/or CT scan within 24 hours of abdominal trauma due to suspected abdominal organ injury. We analyzed the results of 38 patients who were confirmed of diagnosis by operation, follow-up CT scan or ultrasonography. We analyzed the results of 38 patients who were confirmed of diagnosis by operation, follow-up CT scan or ultrasonography. 1. In the abdominal organ injury, solid organ injury consists of 8 cases of spleen laceration, 1 of splenic subcapsular hematoma, 7 of hepatic laceration, 7 of pancreas laceration, 3 of renal laceration, and 3 of subcapsular hematoma of kidney. 2. In addition, there were 7 bowel and/or mesenteric laceration, 2 diaphragmatic hernia, and 1 urethral rupture. 3. 2 cases of retroperitoneal hematoma and 1 case in which hemo peritoneum occurred without abdominal organ injury were confirmed by follow-up CT or ultrasonography. 4. In all of the 4 patients with multiple organ injury, pancreatic laceration was associated. 5. In abdominal trauma patients, ultrasonography or CT can be used to survey rapidly the entire abdomen for possible associated injury, and be of great help to clinicians in identifying the patients who need immediate surgery or in minimizing the incidence of unnecessary emergency abdominal exploration.

Evaluation of abdominal trauma by computed tomography and ultrasonography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Do Yun; Kim, Sang Jin; Lee, Jong Tae; Yoo, Hyung Sik

1986-01-01

Out of 75 patients who were admitted to our hospital because of abdominal trauma and were undergone the procedures such as ultrasonography and/or CT scan within 24 hours of abdominal trauma due to suspected abdominal organ injury. We analyzed the results of 38 patients who were confirmed of diagnosis by operation, follow-up CT scan or ultrasonography. We analyzed the results of 38 patients who were confirmed of diagnosis by operation, follow-up CT scan or ultrasonography. 1. In the abdominal organ injury, solid organ injury consists of 8 cases of spleen laceration, 1 of splenic subcapsular hematoma, 7 of hepatic laceration, 7 of pancreas laceration, 3 of renal laceration, and 3 of subcapsular hematoma of kidney. 2. In addition, there were 7 bowel and/or mesenteric laceration, 2 diaphragmatic hernia, and 1 urethral rupture. 3. 2 cases of retroperitoneal hematoma and 1 case in which hemo peritoneum occurred without abdominal organ injury were confirmed by follow-up CT or ultrasonography. 4. In all of the 4 patients with multiple organ injury, pancreatic laceration was associated. 5. In abdominal trauma patients, ultrasonography or CT can be used to survey rapidly the entire abdomen for possible associated injury, and be of great help to clinicians in identifying the patients who need immediate surgery or in minimizing the incidence of unnecessary emergency abdominal exploration.

Maintenance of Pain in Children With Functional Abdominal Pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Czyzewski, Danita I; Self, Mariella M; Williams, Amy E; Weidler, Erica M; Blatz, Allison M; Shulman, Robert J

2016-03-01

A significant proportion of children with functional abdominal pain develop chronic pain. Identifying clinical characteristics predicting pain persistence is important in targeting interventions. We examined whether child anxiety and/or pain-stooling relations were related to maintenance of abdominal pain frequency and compared the predictive value of 3 methods for assessing pain-stooling relations (ie, diary, parent report, child report). Seventy-six children (7-10 years old at baseline) who presented for medical treatment of functional abdominal pain were followed up 18 to 24 months later. Baseline anxiety and abdominal pain-stooling relations based on pain and stooling diaries and child- and parent questionnaires were examined in relationship to the persistence of abdominal pain frequency. Children's baseline anxiety was not related to persistence of pain frequency. Children who, however, displayed irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms at baseline maintained pain frequency at follow-up, whereas in children in whom there was no relationship between pain and stooling, pain frequency decreased. Pain and stool diaries and parent report of pain-stooling relations were predictive of pain persistence but child-report questionnaires were not. The presence of IBS symptoms in school-age children with functional abdominal pain appears to predict persistence of abdominal pain over time, whereas anxiety does not. Prospective pain and stooling diaries and parent report of IBS symptoms were predictors of pain maintenance, but child report of symptoms was not.

Estimativa da produtividade de café com base em um modelo agrometeorológico-espectral

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Viviane Gomes Cardoso da Rosa

2010-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar um modelo agrometeorológico-espectral, para estimar a produtividade de cafezais. Utilizaram-se imagens do sensor MODIS e dados agrometeorológicos do modelo regional de previsão do tempo (ETA, para fornecer as variáveis de entrada para o modelo agrometeorológico-espectral da mesorregião geográfica sul/sudoeste do estado de Minas Gerais nos anos-agrícolas de 2003/2004 a 2007/2008. A variável espectral de entrada do modelo agrometeorológico-espectral, índice de área foliar (IAF, usada no cálculo da produtividade máxima, foi estimada com o índice de vegetação por diferença normalizada (NDVI, obtido de imagens MODIS. Outras variáveis de entrada no modelo foram: dados meteorológicos gerados pelo modelo ETA e a capacidade de água disponível no solo. Ao comparar a produtividade média estimada pelo modelo com a fornecida oficialmente pelo IBGE, as diferenças relativas obtidas em escala regional foram de: 0,4, 3,0, 5,3, 1,5 e 8,5% para os anos agrícolas 2003/2004, 2004/2005, 2005/2006, 2006/2007 e 2007/2008, respectivamente. O modelo agrometeorólogico-espectral, que tem como base o modelo de Doorenbos & Kassan, foi tão eficaz para estimar a produtividade dos cafezais quanto o modelo oficial do IBGE. Além disso, foi possível espacializar a quebra de produtividade e prever 80% da produtividade final na primeira quinzena de fevereiro, antes do início da colheita

Uma extensão ao modelo Schumpeteriano de Crescimento Endógeno

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Marco Flávio da Cunha Resende

2006-03-01

Full Text Available O modelo Schumpeteriano de Crescimento Endógeno considera o progresso técnico determinante fundamental do crescimento econômico. Porém, ainda não conseguiu explicar como as inovações tecnológicas são geradas. Nesse modelo, elas ocorrem aleatoriamente. Todavia, os fatos sugerem uma explicação que apresenta um componente determinístico (tendência e outro componente aleatório para o surgimento das inovações. Portanto, foi desenvolvida neste trabalho uma extensão ao modelo schumpeteriano que visa incorporar um componente determinístico das inovações, além do componente aleatório. A partir desta modificação do modelo e da simulação da trajetória da renda per capita de cinco países entre 1800 e 2000 constatou-se que esta extensão ao modelo schumpeteriano pode explicar diversos fatos da realidade que o modelo básico não explicava.In the Schumpeterian endogenous growth model, random innovations (technical progress are the main element that explains economic growth. Empirical analyses suggest there are two variables that explain the introduction of innovations: a randomly variable and a deterministic trend. In this paper we add a deterministic variable to the basic Schumpeterian growth model. The introduction of a determinist variable improves the basic model. The new model reproduces several styled facts, which are shown in simulations.

Desenvolvimento de um modelo fractal para a estimativa da condutividade hidráulica de solos não saturados A fractal model to estimate the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of soils

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Carlos Fuentes

2005-02-01

Full Text Available Baseado nos conceitos da geometria fractal e nas leis de Laplace e de Poiseuille, foi criado um modelo geral para estimar a condutividade hidráulica de solos não saturados, utilizando a curva de retenção da água no solo, conforme representada por um modelo em potência. Considerando o fato de que este novo modelo da condutividade hidráulica introduz um parâmetro de interpolação ainda desconhecido, e que, por sua vez, depende das propriedades dos solos, a validação do modelo foi realizada, utilizando dois valores-limite fisicamente representativos. Para a aplicação do modelo, os parâmetros de forma da curva de retenção da água no solo foram escolhidos de maneira a se obter o modelo de van Genuchten. Com a finalidade de obter fórmulas algébricas da condutividade hidráulica, foram impostas relações entre seus parâmetros de forma. A comparação dos resultados obtidos com o modelo da condutividade e a curva experimental da condutividade dos dois solos, Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo e Argissolo Amarelo, permitiu concluir que o modelo proposto é simples em sua utilização e é capaz de predizer satisfatoriamente a condutividade hidráulica dos solos não saturados.From a conceptual model based on fractal geometry and Laplace's and Poiseuille's laws, a versatile and general fractal model for the hydraulic conductivity to be used in the soils was developed. The soil-moisture retention curve is derived from a power model. Due to the fact that the proposed model of hydraulic conductivity introduces a still unknown interpolation parameter, which in turn is a function of soil properties, its limiting values were considered for the analysis. To apply the model in the soil, the form parameters of the soil-moisture retention curve were chosen so as to reproduce van Genuchten's equation. In order to obtain a closed-form equation for the hydraulic conductivity, relationships between the form parameters were imposed. The comparison between

MODELO DE NEGOCIO PARA EMPRESAS RECICLADORAS DE LLANTAS

OpenAIRE

Sanchéz Santiago, Esther

2015-01-01

El objetivo de esta investigación es diseñar un modelo de negocio sustentable que aproveche las oportunidades de mercado en la industria del reciclaje de llantas. El supuesto teórico que guió la investigación afirma que una empresa es sustentable y competitiva en función de su modelo de negocio basado en la creación de valor, su compromiso con el desarrollo sustentable, e incorpora: la gestión global, análisis de la competitividad, relación con los grupos de interés, impactos al medio ambient...

En busca de un modelo matemático

OpenAIRE

Barrales, Marco

2002-01-01

El objetivo de nuestra investigación fue ajustar un modelo matemático a un problema real. Específicamente centramos nuestra atención en determinar un modelo matemático referente al aprendizaje de una rata de laboratorio en resolver un laberinto, es decir controlamos el tiempo que invierte la rata en completar el recorrido del laberinto y el número de veces que se repetía la experiencia. Después de aplicar la interpolación Lagrangeana el comportamiento de las ratas se ajustó a una rama de una ...

O modelo de negócio do Rock in Rio: uma perspetiva exploratória

OpenAIRE