Alcohol-Attributable Fraction in Liver Disease: Does GDP Per Capita Matter?

Science.gov (United States)

Kröner, Paul T; Mankal, Pavan Kumar; Dalapathi, Vijay; Shroff, Kavin; Abed, Jean; Kotler, Donald P

2015-01-01

The alcohol-attributable fraction (AAF) quantifies alcohol's disease burden. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is influenced by alcohol consumption per capita, duration, gender, ethnicity, and other comorbidities. In this study, we investigated the association between AAF/alcohol-related liver mortality and alcohol consumption per capita, while stratifying to per-capita gross domestic product (GDP). Data obtained from the World Health Organization and World Bank for both genders on AAF on liver disease, per-capita alcohol consumption (L/y), and per-capita GDP (USD/y) were used to conduct a cross-sectional study. Countries were classified as "high-income" and "very low income" if their respective per-capita GDP was greater than $30,000 or less than $1,000. Differences in total alcohol consumption per capita and AAF were calculated using a 2-sample t test. Scatterplots were generated to supplement the Pearson correlation coefficients, and F test was conducted to assess for differences in variance of ALD between high-income and very low income countries. Twenty-six and 27 countries met the criteria for high-income and very low income countries, respectively. Alcohol consumption per capita was higher in high-income countries. AAF and alcohol consumption per capita for both genders in high-income and very low income countries had a positive correlation. The F test yielded an F value of 1.44 with P = .357. No statistically significant correlation was found among alcohol types and AAF. Significantly higher mortality from ALD was found in very low income countries relative to high-income countries. Previous studies had noted a decreased AAF in low-income countries as compared to higher-income countries. However, the non-statistically significant difference between AAF variances of low-income and high-income countries was found by this study. A possible explanation is that both high-income and low-income populations will consume sufficient amount of alcohol, irrespective of its

Functional improvement of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to reduce volatile acidity in wine.

Science.gov (United States)

Luo, Zongli; Walkey, Christopher J; Madilao, Lufiani L; Measday, Vivien; Van Vuuren, Hennie J J

2013-08-01

Control of volatile acidity (VA) is a major issue for wine quality. In this study, we investigated the production of VA by a deletion mutant of the fermentation stress response gene AAF1 in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Fermentations were carried out in commercial Chardonnay grape must to mimic industrial wine-making conditions. We demonstrated that a wine yeast strain deleted for AAF1 reduced acetic acid levels in wine by up to 39.2% without increasing the acetaldehyde levels, revealing a potential for industrial application. Deletion of the cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase gene ALD6 also reduced acetic acid levels dramatically, but increased the acetaldehyde levels by 41.4%, which is not desired by the wine industry. By comparison, ALD4 and the AAF1 paralog RSF2 had no effects on acetic acid production in wine. Deletion of AAF1 was detrimental to the growth of ald6Δ and ald4Δald6Δ mutants, but had no effect on acetic acid production. Overexpression of AAF1 dramatically increased acetic acid levels in wine in an Ald6p-dependent manner, indicating that Aaf1p regulates acetic acid production mainly via Ald6p. Overexpression of AAF1 in an ald4Δald6Δ strain produced significantly more acetic acid in wine than the ald4Δald6Δ mutant, suggesting that Aaf1p may also regulate acetic acid synthesis independently of Ald4p and Ald6p. © 2013 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved.

Conceptual Model of Weight Management in Overweight and Obese African-American Females.

Science.gov (United States)

Sutton, Suzanne M; Magwood, Gayenell S; Nemeth, Lynne S; Jenkins, Carolyn M

2017-04-01

Weight management of overweight and obese (OWO) African-American females (AAFs) is a poorly defined concept, leading to ineffective treatment of overweight and obesity, prevention of health sequelae, and risk reduction. A conceptual model of the phenomenon of weight management in OWO AAFs was developed through dimensional analysis of the literature. Constructs were identified and sorted into the dimensions of perspective, context, conditions, process, and consequences and integrated into an explanatory matrix. Through dimensional analysis, weight management in OWO AAFs was characterized as a multidimensional concept, defined from the perspective of weight loss in community-dwelling AAFs. Behaviors associated with weight management are strongly influenced by intrinsic factors and extrinsic conditions, which influence engagement in the processes and consequences of weight management. The resulting conceptual model of weight management in OWO AAFs provides a framework for research interventions applicable in a variety of settings. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Differences in gene expression profiles in the liver between carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic isomers of compounds given to rats in a 28-day repeat-dose toxicity study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakayama, Koji; Kawano, Yukiko; Kawakami, Yuuki; Moriwaki, Norichika; Sekijima, Masaru; Otsuka, Masanori; Yakabe, Yoshikuni; Miyaura, Hideki; Saito, Koichi; Sumida, Kayo; Shirai, Tomoyuki

2006-01-01

Some compounds have structural isomers of which one is apparently carcinogenic, and the other not. Because of the similarity of their chemical structures, comparisons of their effects can allow gene expression elicited in response to the basic skeletons of the isomers to be disregarded. We compared the gene expression profiles of male Fischer 344 rats administered by daily oral gavage up to 28 days using an in-house oligo microarray. 2-Acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF), 2,4-diaminotoluene (2,4-DAT), 2-nitropropane (2-NP), and 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine (2-NpP) are hepatocarcinogenic. However, their isomers, 4-acetylaminofluorene (4-AAF), 2,6-diaminotoluene (2,6-DAT), 1-nitropropane (1-NP), and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (4-NoP), are non-hepatocarcinogenic. Because of the limited carcinogenicity of 2-NpP, we attempted to perform two-parametric comparison analyses with (1) a set of 4 isomers: 2-AAF, 2,4-DAT, 2-NP, and 2-NpP as 'carcinogenic', and 4-AAF, 2,6-DAT, 1-NP, and 4-NoP as 'non-carcinogenic'; and (2) a set of 3 isomers: 2-AAF, 2,4-DAT, and 2-NP, as 'carcinogenic', and 4-AAF, 2,6-DAT, and 1-NP as 'non-carcinogenic'. After ratio filtering and Welch's approximate t-test analysis, 54 and 28 genes were selected from comparisons between the sets of 3 and 4 isomers, respectively, for day 28 data. Using hierarchical clustering analysis with the 54 or 28 genes, 2-AAF, 2,4-DAT, and 2-NP clustered into a 'carcinogenic' branch. 2-NpP was in the same cluster as 4-NoP and 4-AAF. This clustering corresponded to the previous finding that 2-NpP is not carcinogenic in male Fischer 344 rats, which indicates that comparing the differences in gene expression elicited by different isomers is an effective method of developing a prediction system for carcinogenicity

ORF Alignment: NT_033779 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available ... gb|AAF44880.1| symbol=osp; long variant; ... synonym=BG:DS01486.7; cDNA=method:''sim4'', ... ...form A [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF53402.3| ... CG3479-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster] ...

Artemisiae Argyi Folium and its geo-authentic crude drug qi ai

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diangang Liu

2017-01-01

Conclusion: The superior quality of qi ai compared with general AAF may be due to relatively higher contents of bioactive components. This study provides basic information for further study and utilization of AAF and qi ai.

陸軍航空部隊におけるアフリカ系アメリカ人の地位向上について : Tuskegee Airmenの果たした役割(長野賞論文)

OpenAIRE

重宗, 弘子; シゲムネ, ヒロコ; Hiroko, SHIGEMUNE

2009-01-01

Although Black Americans had long served in the racially segregated United States Army prior to World WarII, there were no Black pilots in the Army Air Force (AAF) or its immediate predecessor, the Air Corps. TheAAF resisted previous efforts to enlist Black airmen with the claim that there were no Black pilots in theUnited States. Previous efforts to enlist Black airmen were met with the claim within the War Departmentand the AAF in general that Black Americans lacked the aptitude to be milit...

Targeted mutations induced by a single acetylaminofluorene DNA adduct in mammalian cells and bacteria

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moryia, M.; Takeshita, M.; Johnson, F.; Peden, K.; Will, S.; Grollman, A.P.

1988-01-01

Mutagenic specificity of 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) has been established in mammalian cells and several strains of bacteria by using a shuttle plasmid vector containing a single N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)acetylaminofluorene (C8-dG-AAF) adduct. The nucleotide sequence of the gene conferring tetracycline resistance was modified by conservative codon replacement so as to accommodate the sequence d(CCTTCGCTAC) flanked by two restriction sites, Bsm I and Xho I. The corresponding synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide underwent reaction with 2-(N-acetoxy-N-acetylamino)-fluorene (AAAF), forming a single dG-AAF adduct. This modified oligodeoxynucleotide was hybridized to its complementary strand and ligated between the Bsm I and Xho I sites of the vector. Plasmids containing the C8-dG-AAF adduct were used to transfect simian virus 40-transformed simian kidney (COS-1) cells and to transform several AB strains of Escherichia coli. Colonies containing mutant plasmides were detected by hybridization to 32 P-labeled oligodeoxynucleotides. Presence of the single DNA adduct increased the mutation frequency by 8-fold in both COS cells and E. coli. Over 80% of mutations detected in both systems were targeted and represented G x C → C x G or G x C → T x A transversions or single nucleotide deletions. The authors conclude that modification of a deoxyguanosine residue with AAF preferentially induces mutations targeted at this site when a plasmid containing a single C8-dG-AAF adduct is introduced into mammalian cells or bacteria

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DSIM-03-0081 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DSIM-03-0081 ref|NP_649428.1| slimfast CG11128-PC, isoform C [Drosophila melan...ogaster] ref|NP_730764.1| slimfast CG11128-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster] ref|NP_730765.1| slimfast... CG11128-PB, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF51880.1| CG11128-PB, isoform B [Drosophila melanogast...er] gb|AAF51881.1| CG11128-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF51882.1|... CG11128-PC, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAM11177.1| LD37241p [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_649428.1 1e-109 97% ...

Quantifying the Army Supply Chain Water Bootprint

Science.gov (United States)

2011-12-01

Gruenstadt, Germany. The products are stocked on the shelves of restaurants , commissaries and kitchens across Europe. (Photo by Dijon Rolle, USAG Baden...1) to provide quality merchandise and services to 4 AAFES summary information throughout is from the AAFES

ORF Alignment: NT_033779 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available m A [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF53342.1| ... CG7885-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster] ... gb|AAF44826.1| symb...ol=RpII33; synonym=BG:DS00941.10; ... cDNA=method:''sim4'', score:''1000.0''

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-OLAT-05-0026 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-OLAT-05-0026 gb|AAF63529.1|AF247118_1 putative blue sensitive opsin SWS-2B [Metriaclima...b|AAK06661.1|AF317674_1 putative blue sensitive opsin SWS-2B [Metriaclima zebra] AAF63529.1 1e-176 82% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-TNIG-11-0028 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-TNIG-11-0028 gb|AAF63529.1|AF247118_1 putative blue sensitive opsin SWS-2B [Metriaclima...b|AAK06661.1|AF317674_1 putative blue sensitive opsin SWS-2B [Metriaclima zebra] AAF63529.1 1e-166 78% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-FRUB-02-0289 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-FRUB-02-0289 gb|AAF63529.1|AF247118_1 putative blue sensitive opsin SWS-2B [Metriaclima...b|AAK06661.1|AF317674_1 putative blue sensitive opsin SWS-2B [Metriaclima zebra] AAF63529.1 1e-168 79% ...

Novel Aggregative Adherence Fimbria Variant of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jønsson, Rie; Struve, Carsten; Boisen, Nadia

2015-01-01

the stools of Danish adults with traveler’s diarrhea. We evaluated the presence of the aggregative adherence fimbriae (AAFs) by a multiplex PCR, targeting the four known major subunit variants as well as their usher-encoding genes. Almost one-half (49/118) of the clinical isolates did not possess any known...... AAF major fimbrial subunit, despite the presence of other AggR-related loci. Further investigation revealed the presence of an AAF-related gene encoding a yet-uncharacterized adhesin, termed agg5A. The sequence of the agg5DCBA gene cluster shared fimbrial accessory genes (usher, chaperone, and minor...

Dynamics and diversity of microbial community succession in traditional fermentation of Shanxi aged vinegar.

Science.gov (United States)

Nie, Zhiqiang; Zheng, Yu; Du, Hongfu; Xie, Sankuan; Wang, Min

2015-05-01

The traditional fermentation of Shanxi aged vinegar (SAV), a well-known traditional Chinese vinegar, generally involves the preparation of starter daqu, starch saccharification, alcoholic fermentation (AF) and acetic acid fermentation (AAF). Dynamics and diversity of microbial community succession in daqu and other fermentation stages were investigated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Results showed that eight bacterial genera and four fungal genera were found in daqu. However, Staphylococcus, Saccharopolyspora, Bacillus, Oceanobacillus, Enterobacter, Streptomyces, Eurotium, Monascus and Pichia in daqu were eradicated during AF. Four bacterial genera and three fungal genera were found in this stage. Weissella, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Saccharomyces, and Saccharomycopsis were the dominant microorganisms in the late stage of AF. During AAF, four bacterial genera and four fungal genera were found. Weissella, Streptococcus, Klebsiella, Escherichia, and Cladosporium gradually disappeared; the dominant microorganisms were Acetobacter, Lactobacillus, Saccharomycopsis, and Alternaria in the late stage of AAF. Alpha diversity metrics showed that fungal diversity in daqu was greater than that in AF and AAF. By contrast, bacterial diversity decreased from daqu to AF and increased in the first three days of AAF and then decreased. Hence, these results could help understand dynamics of microbial community succession in continuous fermentation of traditional Chinese vinegars. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Carcinogen-DNA interaction study by base sequence footprinting. Final report, July 1, 1983-June 30, 1986

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bases, R.

1986-01-01

Our previous studies on acetylaminofluorene (AAF) modified DNA demonstrated three kinds of structural changes in DNA of defined base sequence. For example, adduct formation by N-Aco-AAF was found at each guanine. We studied the interaction of IgG specific for AAF guanosine in an in vitro system using AAF modified phi X-174 rf DNA. We had expected to find protection against DNAase I digestion. Instead, when the DNA was immunobound to an inert matrix via the IgG, DNAase I digestion was enhanced 20 fold without changing the base sequence pattern of digestion. DNAase I hypersensitive sites are a necessary but not a sufficient condition for transcription. Moreover, some hypersensitive sites are stably propagated, independent of the continued presence of the inducer. Stability of these hypersensitive sites in the absence of their inducer suggests that they can be propagated. It appeared likely that distortion of DNA by a carcinogen adduct such as AAF, and the interaction of this modified DNA with a specific protein such as IgG or cellular proteins might inappropriately enhance the transcription of specific genes. That hypothesis will be tested; surprisingly, little is known about the early action of carcinogens on expression of specific genes. 34 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab

DNA repair studies in mouse germ cells exposed to two carcinogens and two non-carcinogens

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sega, G.A.; Owens, J.G.

1987-01-01

An in vivo test was used to measure induced unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in the germ cells of male mice exposed to the carcinogens benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] and 2-acetylaminofluorene (2AAF), and to the noncarcinogens pyrene (PYR) and 4-acetylaminofluorene (4AAF). Early spermatids, a DNA-repair competent stage, were used to test the effects of all chemicals. After chemical treatment and testicular injection of [ 3 H]dThd, sperm were recovered 16 days later from the caudal epididymides (these sperm were in early spermatid stages at the time of treatment) and assayed for the unscheduled incorporation of [ 3 H]dThd using liquid scintillation counting (LSC). Exposures of 2AAF ranged from 125 to 1600 mg/kg, 4AAF from 125 to 2000 mg/kg, PYR from 100 to 600 mg/kg, B(a)P from 100 to 400 mg/kg. Chemicals were administered both by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and by gavage. Methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) was used as a positive control

Exploring microbial succession and diversity during solid-state fermentation of Tianjin duliu mature vinegar.

Science.gov (United States)

Nie, Zhiqiang; Zheng, Yu; Wang, Min; Han, Yue; Wang, Yuenan; Luo, Jianmei; Niu, Dandan

2013-11-01

Tianjin duliu mature vinegar was one of famous Chinese traditional vinegars. The unique flavor and taste of vinegar are mainly generated by the multitudinous microorganisms during fermentation. In this research, the composition and succession of microbial communities in the entire solid-state fermentation were investigated, including starter daqu and acetic acid fermentation (AAF). Molds and yeasts in daqu, including Aspergillus, Saccharomycopsis and Pichia, decreased in AAF. The bacterial compositions increased from four genera in daqu to more than 13 genera in AAF. Principal component analysis showed that Acetobacter, Gluconacetobacter, Lactobacillus and Nostoc were dominant bacteria that were correlated well with AAF process. In the early fermentation period, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) decreased while acetic acid bacteria and Nostoc increased rapidly with the accumulation of total acids. Then, the abundance and diversity of LAB increased (more than 80%), indicating that LAB had important influences on the flavor and taste of vinegar. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Molecular and biochemical identification of alien chromosome additions in shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) carrying extra chromosome(s) of bunching onion (A. fistulosum L.).

Science.gov (United States)

Yaguchi, Shigenori; Hang, Tran Thi Minh; Tsukazaki, Hikaru; Hoa, Vu Quynh; Masuzaki, Shin-ichi; Wako, Tadayuki; Masamura, Noriya; Onodera, Shuichi; Shiomi, Norio; Yamauchi, Naoki; Shigyo, Masayoshi

2009-02-01

To develop the bunching onion (Allium fistulosum L.; genomes, FF) chromosome-specific genetic markers for identifying extra chromosomes, eight shallot (A. cepa L. Aggregatum group; genomes, AA)--A. fistulosum monosomic addition plants (AA+nF) and 62 shallot--A. fistulosum single-alien deletion plants (AAF-nF) were analyzed by 23 different chromosome-specific genetic markers of shallot. The eight monosomic addition plants consisted of one AA+2F, two AA+6F, and five AA+8F. Of the 62 single-alien deletion plants, 60 could be identified as six different single-alien deletion lines (AAF-1F, -3F, -4F, -6F, -7F, and -8F) out of the eight possible types. Several single-alien deletion lines were classified on the basis of leaf and bulb characteristics. AAF-8F had the largest number of expanded leaves of five deletion plants. AAF-7F grew most vigorously, as expressed by its long leaf blade and biggest bulb size. AAF-4F had very small bulbs. AAF-7F and AAF-8F had different bulbs from those of shallot as well as other types of single-alien deletion lines in skin and outer scale color. Regarding the sugar content of the bulb tissues, the single-alien deletion lines showed higher fructan content than shallot. Moreover, shallot could not produce fructan with degree of polymerization (DP) 12 or higher, although the single-alien deletion lines showed DP 20 or higher. The content of S-alk(en)yl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (ACSO) in the single-alien deletion lines was significantly lower than that in shallot. These results indicated that chromosomes from A. fistulosum might carry anonymous factors to increase the highly polymerized fructan production and inhibit the synthesis of ACSO in shallot bulbs. Accordingly, alien chromosomes from A. fistulosum in shallot would contribute to modify the quality of shallot bulbs.

78 FR 22363 - Environmental Impact Statement for the All Aboard Florida Miami-Orlando Passenger Rail Project

Science.gov (United States)

2013-04-15

... need and demand for safe, convenient, and reliable transportation through the development of a... objectives concerning the environment. AAF is a subsidiary of Florida East Coast Industries, Inc. (FECI... freight service. AAF is working to secure access to use the right-of- way of State Road 528 between Cocoa...

Amino acid-based formula as a rescue strategy in feeding very-low-birth-weight infants with intrauterine growth restriction.

Science.gov (United States)

Raimondi, Francesco; Spera, Anna Maria; Sellitto, Maria; Landolfo, Francesca; Capasso, Letizia

2012-05-01

Very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) neonates may develop severe intolerance to standard preterm formula especially if they are associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). We tested the hypothesis that these infants may tolerate an elemental, amino acid-based formula as a rescue feeding strategy. In a prospective, case-control pilot study, we enrolled VLBW IUGR infants enterally fed with standard preterm formula (SPF) at daily increments of 16 mL/kg. If gastric residuals accounted for >70% of milk feed in the previous 24 hours, then feedings were temporarily withheld and then resumed with amino acid formula (AAF) increased at the same speed. Cases on AAF were compared to controls on SPF and with cases themselves while on SPF. Primary outcome was the time to reach full enteral feedings. Secondary outcomes were time on parenteral nutrition, time on central venous catheter, and formula tolerability based on the amount of gastric residual volume. Sixty-four infants (22 cases) were enrolled. Although during the total duration of nutrition, cases had worse primary and secondary outcomes, when on AAF, cases were comparable to controls in time to full enteral feeding (14.4 vs 14 days), time on parenteral nutrition, and time on central venous catheter. Cases on AAF and controls had similar gastric residual volumes. At day 3 after AAF introduction, cases had a significantly reduced number (%) of gastric residual volume >5 mL/kg over total number of feedings (5.6 vs 1.5%; P Growth at 12 months of corrected age was also comparable. In our population of VLBW IUGR newborns with severe feeding intolerance, a short course on AAF was a safe and effective means of nutritional rescue.

Accommodation of an N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-acetylaminofluorene adduct in the active site of human DNA polymerase iota: Hoogsteen or Watson-Crick base pairing?

Science.gov (United States)

Donny-Clark, Kerry; Shapiro, Robert; Broyde, Suse

2009-01-13

Bypass across DNA lesions by specialized polymerases is essential for maintenance of genomic stability. Human DNA polymerase iota (poliota) is a bypass polymerase of the Y family. Crystal structures of poliota suggest that Hoogsteen base pairing is employed to bypass minor groove DNA lesions, placing them on the spacious major groove side of the enzyme. Primer extension studies have shown that poliota is also capable of error-free nucleotide incorporation opposite the bulky major groove adduct N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-acetylaminofluorene (dG-AAF). We present molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations suggesting that Watson-Crick base pairing could be employed in poliota for bypass of dG-AAF. In poliota with Hoogsteen-paired dG-AAF the bulky AAF moiety would reside on the cramped minor groove side of the template. The Hoogsteen-capable conformation distorts the active site, disrupting interactions necessary for error-free incorporation of dC opposite the lesion. Watson-Crick pairing places the AAF rings on the spacious major groove side, similar to the position of minor groove adducts observed with Hoogsteen pairing. Watson-Crick-paired structures show a well-ordered active site, with a near reaction-ready ternary complex. Thus our results suggest that poliota would utilize the same spacious region for lesion bypass of both major and minor groove adducts. Therefore, purine adducts with bulk on the minor groove side would use Hoogsteen pairing, while adducts with the bulky lesion on the major groove side would utilize Watson-Crick base pairing as indicated by our MD simulations for dG-AAF. This suggests the possibility of an expanded role for poliota in lesion bypass.

Randomized Clinical Trial: The Use of SpeechEasy® in Stuttering Treatment

Science.gov (United States)

Ritto, Ana Paula; Juste, Fabiola Staróbole; Stuart, Andrew; Kalinowski, Joseph; de Andrade, Claudia Regina Furquim

2016-01-01

Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated the benefit of devices delivering altered auditory feedback (AAF) as a therapeutic alternative for those who stutter. Aims: The effectiveness of a device delivering AAF (SpeechEasy®) was compared with behavioural techniques in the treatment of stuttering in a randomized clinical trial. Methods &…

Dynamic microbial succession of Shanxi aged vinegar and its correlation with flavor metabolites during different stages of acetic acid fermentation.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Yunping; Zhang, Feifei; Zhang, Chengnan; Yang, Li; Fan, Guangsen; Xu, Youqiang; Sun, Baoguo; Li, Xiuting

2018-06-05

Shanxi aged vinegar (SAV), one of the famous Chinese vinegars, is produced by multispecies solid-state fermentation in which the acetic acid fermentation stage (AAF) is especially important. However, how bacterial succession and their metabolites change along with the different stages of AAF is still poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the dynamic bacterial succession and flavor formation in three batches of SAV using high-throughput sequencing and metabolomics approaches. It is interesting to find that AAF can be divided into three stages based on its bacterial community succession (early stage, days 0-4; medium stage, days 5-21; and later stage, days 22-26). Pantoea, Pediococcus, Lactococcus and Rhizobium played an important role in the early stage; Lactobacillus was dominant in the medium stage (67.72%); and Acetobacter, Komagataeibacter and Kroppenstedtia were the key bacteria in the later stage. A total of seven organic acids and 42 volatile constituents (esters, alcohol, ketones and aldehydes) were detected during the AAF. Spearman correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between the bacterial community and these flavor metabolites during the AAF of the SAV. This is the first report to explore the relationships between volatile flavor metabolites and bacterial community succession by a three-staged method and provide theoretical support for a flavor formation mechanism in traditional SAV.

77 FR 22475 - Standard Instrument Approach Procedures, and Takeoff Minimums and Obstacle Departure Procedures...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-04-16

..., Orig, CANCELLED Fort Huachuca Sierra Vista, AZ, Sierra Vista Muni-Libby AAF, RADAR-1, Orig Fort Huachuca Sierra Vista, AZ, Sierra Vista Muni-Libby AAF, RADAR-2, Orig Lake Havasu City, AZ, Lake Havasu... Opelousas, LA, St Landry Parish-Ahart Field, NDB RWY 18, Amdt 3 Opelousas, LA, St Landry Parish-Ahart Field...

Measurement Capabilities of the DOE ARM Aerial Facility

Science.gov (United States)

Schmid, B.; Tomlinson, J. M.; Hubbe, J.; Comstock, J. M.; Kluzek, C. D.; Chand, D.; Pekour, M. S.

2012-12-01

The Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program is a climate research user facility operating stationary ground sites in three important climatic regimes that provide long-term measurements of climate relevant properties. ARM also operates mobile ground- and ship-based facilities to conduct shorter field campaigns (6-12 months) to investigate understudied climate regimes around the globe. Finally, airborne observations by ARM's Aerial Facility (AAF) enhance the surface-based ARM measurements by providing high-resolution in situ measurements for process understanding, retrieval algorithm development, and model evaluation that is not possible using ground-based techniques. AAF started out in 2007 as a "virtual hangar" with no dedicated aircraft and only a small number of instruments owned by ARM. In this mode, AAF successfully carried out several missions contracting with organizations and investigators who provided their research aircraft and instrumentation. In 2009, the Battelle owned G-1 aircraft was included in the ARM facility. The G-1 is a large twin turboprop aircraft, capable of measurements up to altitudes of 7.5 km and a range of 2,800 kilometers. Furthermore the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 provided funding for the procurement of seventeen new instruments to be used aboard the G-1 and other AAF virtual-hangar aircraft. AAF now executes missions in the virtual- and real-hangar mode producing freely available datasets for studying aerosol, cloud, and radiative processes in the atmosphere. AAF is also heavily engaged in the maturation and testing of newly developed airborne sensors to help foster the next generation of airborne instruments. In the presentation we will showcase science applications based on measurements from recent field campaigns such as CARES, CALWATER and TCAP.

Accommodation of an N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-acetylaminofluorene adduct in the active site of human DNA polymerase ι: Hoogsteen or Watson-Crick base pairing?†

Science.gov (United States)

Donny-Clark, Kerry; Shapiro, Robert; Broyde, Suse

2009-01-01

Bypass across DNA lesions by specialized polymerases is essential for maintenance of genomic stability. Human DNA polymerase ι (polι) is a bypass polymerase of the Y family. Crystal structures of polι suggest that Hoogsteen base pairing is employed to bypass minor groove DNA lesions, placing them on the spacious major groove side of the enzyme. Primer extension studies have shown that polι is also capable of error-free nucleotide incorporation opposite the bulky major groove adduct N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-acetyl-aminofluorene (dG-AAF). We present molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations suggesting that Watson-Crick base pairing could be employed in polι for bypass of dG-AAF. In polι with Hoogsteen paired dG-AAF the bulky AAF moiety would reside on the cramped minor groove side of the template. The Hoogsteen-capable conformation distorts the active site, disrupting interactions necessary for error-free incorporation of dC opposite the lesion. Watson-Crick pairing places the AAF rings on the spacious major groove side, similar to the position of minor groove adducts observed with Hoogsteen pairing. Watson-Crick paired structures show a well-ordered active site, with a near reaction-ready ternary complex. Thus our results suggest that polι would utilize the same spacious region for lesion bypass of both major and minor groove adducts. Therefore, purine adducts with bulk on the minor groove side would use Hoogsteen pairing, while adducts with the bulky lesion on the major groove side would utilize Watson-Crick base pairing as indicated by our MD simulations for dG-AAF. This suggests the possibility of an expanded role for polι in lesion bypass. PMID:19072536

Comparison of occipitocervical and atlantoaxial fusion in treatment of unstable Jefferson fractures

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yong Hu

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Controversy exists regarding the management of unstable Jefferson fractures, with some surgeons performing reduction and immobilization of the patient in a halo vest and others performing open reduction and internal fixation. This study compares the clinical and radiological outcome parameters between posterior atlantoaxial fusion (AAF and occipitocervical fusion (OCF constructs in the treatment of the unstable atlas fracture. Materials and Methods: 68 consecutive patients with unstable Jefferson fractures treated by AAF or OCF between October 2004 and March 2011 were included in this retrospective evaluation from institutional databases. The authors reviewed medical records and original images. The patients were divided into two surgical groups treated with either AAF ( n = 48, F/M 30:18 and OCF ( n = 20, F/M 13:7 fusion. Blood loss, operative time, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA score, visual analog scale (VAS score, atlanto-dens interval, lateral mass displacement, complications, and the bone fusion rates were recorded. Results: Five patients with incomplete paralysis (7.4% demonstrated postoperative improvement by more than 1 grade on the American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale. The JOA score of the AAF group improved from 12.5 ± 3.6 preoperatively to 15.7 ± 2.3 postoperatively, while the JOA score of the OCF group improved from 11.2 ± 3.3 preoperatively to 14.8 ± 4.2 postoperatively. The VAS score of AAF group decreased from 4.8 ± 1.5 preoperatively to 1.0 ± 0.4 postoperatively, the VAS score of the OCF group decreased from 5.4 ± 2.2 preoperatively to 1.3 ± 0.9 postoperatively. Conclusions: The OCF or AAF combined with short-term external immobilization can establish the upper cervical stability and prevent further spinal cord injury and nerve function damage.

Carcinogen-DNA interaction study by base sequence footprinting. Progress report, July 1, 1985-January 21, 1986

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bases, R.

1986-01-01

Acetyl-aminofluorene (AAF) modified plasmid pSV 2 CAT is being studied to learn how the adducts influence expression of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) genes. phi X-174 RF DNA exhibits specific base sequence abnormalities induced by the formation of AAF adducts. The DNAase I sensitive state of AAF modified DNA sequences could presumably lead to enhanced expression of genes since it is a well-known characteristic of active or potentially active derepressed genes. DNAase I hypersensitive sites are necessary but not sufficient for transcription. We observed enhanced expression of CAT genes in CV-1 cells after transfection with modified plasmids, using electroporation to introduce the plasmids into the cells. 34 refs., 2 figs

77 FR 37801 - Standard Instrument Approach Procedures, and Takeoff Minimums and Obstacle Departure Procedures...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-06-25

... 17, Amdt 6 Fort Huachuca Sierra Vista, AZ, Sierra Vista Muni-Libby AAF, ILS OR LOC RWY 26, Amdt 4 Fort Huachuca Sierra Vista, AZ, Sierra Vista Muni-Libby AAF, VOR RWY 26, Amdt 5 Willcox, AZ, Cochise... 35, Amdt 1 La Grange, TX, Fayette Rgnl Air Center, RNAV (GPS) RWY 16, Amdt 2 La Grange, TX, Fayette...

Comparisons of Stuttering Frequency during and after Speech Initiation in Unaltered Feedback, Altered Auditory Feedback and Choral Speech Conditions

Science.gov (United States)

Saltuklaroglu, Tim; Kalinowski, Joseph; Robbins, Mary; Crawcour, Stephen; Bowers, Andrew

2009-01-01

Background: Stuttering is prone to strike during speech initiation more so than at any other point in an utterance. The use of auditory feedback (AAF) has been found to produce robust decreases in the stuttering frequency by creating an electronic rendition of choral speech (i.e., speaking in unison). However, AAF requires users to self-initiate…

Quantifying the global contribution of alcohol consumption to cardiomyopathy.

Science.gov (United States)

Manthey, Jakob; Imtiaz, Sameer; Neufeld, Maria; Rylett, Margaret; Rehm, Jürgen

2017-05-25

The global impact of alcohol consumption on deaths due to cardiomyopathy (CM) has not been quantified to date, even though CM contains a subcategory for alcoholic CM with an effect of heavy drinking over time as the postulated underlying causal mechanism. In this feasibility study, a model to estimate the alcohol-attributable fraction (AAF) of CM deaths based on alcohol exposure measures is proposed. A two-step model was developed based on aggregate-level data from 95 countries, including the most populous (data from 2013 or last available year). First, the crude mortality rate of alcoholic CM per 1,000,000 adults was predicted using a negative binomial regression based on prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUD) and adult alcohol per capita consumption (APC) (n = 52 countries). Second, the proportion of alcoholic CM among all CM deaths (i.e., AAF) was predicted using a fractional response probit regression with alcoholic CM crude mortality rate (from Step 1), AUD prevalence, APC per drinker, and Global Burden of Disease region as predictions. Additional models repeated these steps by sex and for the wider Global Burden of Disease study definition of CM. There were strong correlations (>0.9) between the crude mortality rate of alcoholic CM and the AAFs, supporting the modeling strategy. In the first step, the population-weighted mean crude mortality rate was estimated at 8.4 alcoholic CM deaths per 1,000,000 (95% CI: 7.4-9.3). In the second step, the global AAFs were estimated at 6.9% (95% CI: 5.4-8.4%). Sex-specific figures suggested a lower AAF among females (2.9%, 95% CI: 2.3-3.4%) as compared to males (8.9%, 95% CI: 7.0-10.7%). Larger deviations between observed and predicted AAFs were found in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The model proposed promises to fill the gap to include AAFs for CM into comparative risk assessments in the future. These predictions likely will be underestimates because of the stigma involved in all fully alcohol

Analysis of Bacterial Diversity During Acetic Acid Fermentation of Tianjin Duliu Aged Vinegar by 454 Pyrosequencing.

Science.gov (United States)

Peng, Qian; Yang, Yanping; Guo, Yanyun; Han, Ye

2015-08-01

The vinegar pei harbors complex bacterial communities. Prior studies revealing the bacterial diversity involved were mainly conducted by culture-dependent methods and PCR-DGGE. In this study, 454 pyrosequencing was used to investigate the bacterial communities in vinegar pei during the acetic acid fermentation (AAF) of Tianjin Duliu aged vinegar (TDAV). The results showed that there were 7 phyla and 24 families existing in the vinegar pei, with 2 phyla (Firmicutes, Protebacteria) and 4 families (Lactobacillaceae, Acetobacteracae, Enterobacteriaceae, Chloroplast) predominating. The genus-level identification revealed that 9 genera were the relatively stable, consistent components in different stages of AAF, including the most abundant genus Lactobacillus followed by Acetobacter and Serratia. Additionally, the bacterial community in the early fermentation stage was more complex than those in the later stages, indicating that the accumulation of organic acids provided an appropriate environment to filter unwanted bacteria and to accelerate the growth of required ones. This study provided basic information of bacterial patterns in vinegar pei and relevant changes during AAF of TDAV, and could be used as references in the following study on the implementation of starter culture as well as the improvement of AAF process.

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of 3-O-[(6'-O-Palmitoyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl Sitosterol] from Agave angustifolia on Ear Edema in Mice

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elizabeth Hernández-Valle

2014-09-01

Full Text Available In Mexico Agave angustifolia has traditionally been used to treat inflammation. The aim of this study was to measure the anti-inflammatory effect of the extract of A. angustifolia, the isolation and identification of active compounds. From the acetone extract two active fractions were obtained, (AsF13 and AaF16. For the characterization of pharmacological activity, the acute inflammatory model of mouse ear edema induced with TPA was used. The tissue exposed to TPA and treatments were subjected to two analysis, cytokine quantification (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α and histopathological evaluation. The active fraction (AaF16 consisted principally of 3-O-[(6'-O-palmitoyl-β-D-glucopyranpsyl] sitosterol. In AaF13 fraction was identified β-sitosteryl glucoside (2 and stigmasterol (3. The three treatments tested showed a concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory effect (AaAc Emax = 33.10%, EC50 = 0.126 mg/ear; AaF13 Emax = 54.22%, EC50 = 0.0524 mg/ear; AaF16 Emax = 61.01%, EC50 = 0.050 mg/ear. The application of TPA caused a significant increase on level of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα compared with basal condition, which was countered by any of the experimental treatments. Moreover, the experimental treatments induced a significant increase in the levels of IL-4 and IL-10, compared to the level observed when stimulated with TPA. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory effect of Agave angustifolia, is associated with the presence of 3-O-[(6'-O-palmitoyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl] sitosterol.

Modern Volunteer Army Experiment - 1971

Science.gov (United States)

1971-07-26

enable the Fort Banning Exchange to lease up to 115 beer vending machines . Instal- lation began on 15 February and to date 91 beer vending ...166, which permitted the sale of beer through vending machines . A contract was ^warded the Vendo Company of Kansas City, Missouri, on 27 January to... vending machines in the dayrooms, sales are not meeting the AAFES requirement that each machine be economically self-sustaining. AAFES requires

Disruption of sphingolipid biosynthesis in hepatocyte nodules: selective proliferative stimulus induced by fumonisin B{sub 1}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Westhuizen, Liana van der; Gelderblom, Wentzel C.A.; Shephard, Gordon S; Swanevelder, Sonja

2004-07-15

In order to investigate the role of sphingolipid disruption in the cancer promoting potential of fumonisin B{sub 1} (FB{sub 1}) in the development of hepatocyte nodules, male Fischer 344 rats were subjected to cancer initiation (FB{sub 1} containing diet or diethylnitrosamine (DEN) by i.p. injection) and promotion (2-acetylaminofluorene with partial hepatectomy, 2-AAF/PH) treatments followed by a secondary FB{sub 1} dietary regimen. Sphinganine (Sa) and sphingosine (So) levels were measured by high performance liquid chromatography in control, surrounding and nodular liver tissues of the rats. The disruption of sphingolipid biosynthesis by the secondary FB{sub 1} treatment in the control rats was significantly (P<0.05) enhanced by the 2-AAF/PH cancer promotion treatment. The nodular and surrounding Sa levels returned to baseline following FB{sub 1} initiation and 2-AAF/PH promotion. When comparing the groups subjected to the secondary FB{sub 1} treatment, the initiation effected by FB{sub 1} was less (P<0.01) sensitive to the accumulation of Sa in the nodular and surrounding tissues than DEN initiation and the 2-AAF/PH control treatment. In contrast, the So level of FB{sub 1} initiation was marginally increased in the nodules compared to the surrounding liver after 2-AAF/PH promotion and significantly (P<0.05) higher with the secondary FB{sub 1} treatment. Although, the FB{sub 1}-induced hepatocyte nodules were not resistant to the disruption of sphingolipid biosynthesis, the nodular So levels were increased and might provide a selective growth stimulus possibly induced by bio-active sphingoid intermediates such as sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)

Commercial Contracting of Army Lodging and Leisure Activities.

Science.gov (United States)

1985-05-22

The Burger King outlets will be operated by AAFES. AAFES will pay Burger King $15,000 for each franchise and six percent of the gross sales as...share of Burger King profits is projected to increase that net income by 30 to 40 percent.27 Contractors for construction and franchising of...individuals and groups to productivity.", In May of 1984 AFES executed a contractual arrangement with the civilian enterprise Burger King . Burger King has

The existence of fertile hybrids of closely related model earthworm species, Eisenia andrei and E. fetida.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Barbara Plytycz

Full Text Available Lumbricid earthworms Eisenia andrei (Ea and E. fetida (Ef are simultaneous hermaphrodites with reciprocal insemination capable of self-fertilization while the existence of hybridization of these two species was still debatable. During the present investigation fertile hybrids of Ea and Ef were detected. Virgin specimens of Ea and Ef were laboratory crossed (Ea+Ef and their progeny was doubly identified. 1 -identified by species-specific maternally derived haploid mitochondrial DNA sequences of the COI gene being either 'a' for worms hatched from Ea ova or 'f' for worms hatched from Ef ova. 2 -identified by the diploid maternal/paternal nuclear DNA sequences of 28s rRNA gene being either 'AA' for Ea, 'FF' for Ef, or AF/FA for their hybrids derived either from the 'aA' or 'fF' ova, respectively. Among offspring of Ea+Ef pairs in F1 generation there were mainly aAA and fFF earthworms resulted from the facilitated self-fertilization and some aAF hybrids from aA ova but none fFA hybrids from fF ova. In F2 generation resulting from aAF hybrids mated with aAA a new generations of aAA and aAF hybrids were noticed, while aAF hybrids mated with fFF gave fFF and both aAF and fFA hybrids. Hybrids intercrossed together produced plenty of cocoons but no hatchlings independently whether aAF+aAF or aAF+fFA were mated. These results indicated that Ea and Ef species, easy to maintain in laboratory and commonly used as convenient models in biomedicine and ecotoxicology, may also serve in studies on molecular basis of interspecific barriers and mechanisms of introgression and speciation. Hypothetically, their asymmetrical hybridization can be modified by some external factors.

Expression and localization of regenerating gene I in a rat liver regeneration model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Jingshu; Koyota, Souichi; Zhou, Xiaoping; Ueno, Yasuharu; Ma Li; Kawagoe, Masami; Koizumi, Yukio; Okamoto, Hiroshi; Sugiyama, Toshihiro

2009-01-01

Regenerating gene (Reg) I has been identified as a regenerative/proliferative factor for pancreatic islet cells. We examined Reg I expression in the regenerating liver of a rat model that had been administered 2-acetylaminofluorene and treated with 70% partial hepatectomy (2-AAF/PH model), where hepatocyte and cholangiocyte proliferation was suppressed and the hepatic stem cells and/or hepatic progenitor cells were activated. In a detailed time course study of activation of hepatic stem cells in the 2-AAF/PH model, utilizing immunofluorescence staining with antibodies of Reg I and other cell-type-specific markers, we found that Reg I-expressing cells are present in the bile ductules and increased during regeneration. Reg I-expressing cells were colocalized with CK19, OV6, and AFP. These results demonstrate that Reg I is significantly upregulated in the liver of the 2-AAF/PH rat model, accompanied by the formation of bile ductules during liver regeneration.

A novel pAA virulence plasmid encoding toxins and two distinct variants of the fimbriae of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jønsson, Rie; Struve, Carsten; Boll, Erik J.

2017-01-01

phylogenetically distinct, strains harboring the major pilin subunits from both AAF/III and AAF/V. Whole-genome and plasmid sequencing revealed that in these six strains the agg3A and agg5A genes were located on a novel pAA plasmid variant. Moreover, the plasmid also encoded several other virulence genes including...... some not previously found on pAA plasmids. Thus, this plasmid endows the host strains with a remarkably high number of EAEC associated virulence genes hereby likely promoting strain pathogenicity....

78 FR 63860 - Amendment of Class D Airspace; Kwajalein Island, Marshall Islands, RMI

Science.gov (United States)

2013-10-25

...This action amends the Kwajalein Island Class D airspace description by amending the geographic coordinates for Bucholz Army Airfield (AAF), Kwajalein Island, Marshall Islands, RMI. The Bucholz AAF geographic coordinates information was updated in the Kwajalein Island Class E airspace descriptions in 2011, but was inadvertently overlooked in the Kwajalein Island Class D airspace description. This action ensures the safety of aircraft operating in the Kwajalein Island airspace area. This is an administrative action and does not affect the operating requirements of the airspace.

Strategies for Determining Correct Cytochrome P450 Contributions in Hepatic Clearance Predictions: In Vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation as Modelling Approach and Tramadol as Proof-of Concept Compound.

Science.gov (United States)

T'jollyn, Huybrecht; Snoeys, Jan; Van Bocxlaer, Jan; De Bock, Lies; Annaert, Pieter; Van Peer, Achiel; Allegaert, Karel; Mannens, Geert; Vermeulen, An; Boussery, Koen

2017-06-01

Although the measurement of cytochrome P450 (CYP) contributions in metabolism assays is straightforward, determination of actual in vivo contributions might be challenging. How representative are in vitro for in vivo CYP contributions? This article proposes an improved strategy for the determination of in vivo CYP enzyme-specific metabolic contributions, based on in vitro data, using an in vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) approach. Approaches are exemplified using tramadol as model compound, and CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 as involved enzymes. Metabolism data for tramadol and for the probe substrates midazolam (CYP3A4) and dextromethorphan (CYP2D6) were gathered in human liver microsomes (HLM) and recombinant human enzyme systems (rhCYP). From these probe substrates, an activity-adjustment factor (AAF) was calculated per CYP enzyme, for the determination of correct hepatic clearance contributions. As a reference, tramadol CYP contributions were scaled-back from in vivo data (retrograde approach) and were compared with the ones derived in vitro. In this view, the AAF is an enzyme-specific factor, calculated from reference probe activity measurements in vitro and in vivo, that allows appropriate scaling of a test drug's in vitro activity to the 'healthy volunteer' population level. Calculation of an AAF, thus accounts for any 'experimental' or 'batch-specific' activity difference between in vitro HLM and in vivo derived activity. In this specific HLM batch, for CYP3A4 and CYP2D6, an AAF of 0.91 and 1.97 was calculated, respectively. This implies that, in this batch, the in vitro CYP3A4 activity is 1.10-fold higher and the CYP2D6 activity 1.97-fold lower, compared to in vivo derived CYP activities. This study shows that, in cases where the HLM pool does not represent the typical mean population CYP activities, AAF correction of in vitro metabolism data, optimizes CYP contributions in the prediction of hepatic clearance. Therefore, in vitro parameters for any test compound

Comparison of Growth of Healthy Term Infants Fed Extensively Hydrolyzed Protein- and Amino Acid-Based Infant Formulas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marlene W. Borschel

2018-03-01

Full Text Available The aim of this narrative review was to assess published growth data for healthy, term, infants consuming extensively hydrolyzed protein-based (EHF, or amino acid-based formulas (AAF. These data may be of use to clinicians managing infants with medical conditions consuming these products. A search was conducted using key terms: amino acid-based, hydrolysate, hydrolyzed, hydrolysed, infant formula, infant formulae or formulas, baby formula, or formulae or formulas, infant, infants, infantile, and growth. Seven controlled, randomized, prospective growth trials of healthy term infants fed EHFs or AAFs at similar time points during the first four months of age met these and other criteria, including that the trial was published in a peer-reviewed journal, subjects were enrolled by ≤14 days of age and were exclusively formula-fed at entry and throughout the duration of the trial, and infants were assessed at regular intervals with weight measures available ideally at 14 days, one, two, three, and four months of age. Results suggested that healthy infants receiving commonly available EHFs and AAFs do not appear to experience accelerated growth as reported for infants fed many standard formulas. Differences in growth patterns were observed with some formulas supporting normative growth patterns during the first four months but others appearing to support markedly lower growth patterns. These observations should be confirmed in well-designed prospective randomized trials. Until that time, it is recommended that EHFs and AAFs be chosen carefully with individual patient needs considered.

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DSIM-06-0002 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DSIM-06-0002 ref|NP_726710.1| TRAM CG11642-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogas...ter] ref|NP_726711.1| TRAM CG11642-PB, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster] ref|NP_726712.1| TRAM CG11642-PC,... isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF45568.1| CG11642-PC, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF45...569.1| CG11642-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAL68227.1| LD27659p [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAN09034.1| CG11642-PB, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_726710.1 0.0 99% ...

Serum Potassium Levels Inversely Correlate with D-Dimer In Patients with Acute-Onset Atrial Fibrillation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cervellin, Gianfranco; Bonfanti, Laura; Picanza, Alessandra; Lippi, Giuseppe

2015-01-01

D-dimer values are frequently increased in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) compared to subjects in sinus rhythm. Hypokalemia plays a role in several cardiovascular diseases, but little is known about the association with AF. D-dimer values are frequently increased in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with subjects in sinus rhythm. Hypokalemia plays a role in several cardiovascular diseases, but little is known about the association with AF. The aim of this study was to investigate correlations between D-dimer and serum potassium in acute-onset AF (AAF). To investigate the potential correlation between the values of serum potassium and D-dimer in patients with AAF, we retrospectively reviewed clinical and laboratory data of all emergency department visits for AAF in 2013. Among 271 consecutive AAF patients with D-dimer assessments, those with hypokalemia (n = 98) had significantly higher D-dimer values than normokalemic patients (139 versus 114 ng/mL, p = 0.004). The rate of patients with D-dimer values exceeding the diagnostic cut-off was higher in the group of patients with hypokalemia than in those with normal serum potassium (26.5% versus 16.2%; p = 0.029). An inverse and highly significant correlation was found between serum potassium and D-dimer (r = −0.21; p < 0.001), even after adjustments for age and sex (beta coefficient −94.8; p = 0.001). The relative risk for a positive D-dimer value attributed to hypokalemia was 1.64 (95% CI, 1.02 to 2.63; p = 0.040). The correlation remained statistically significant in patients free from antihypertensive drugs (r = −0.25; p = 0.018), but not in those taking angiotensin-receptor blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, or diuretics. The inverse correlation between values of potassium and D-dimer in patients with AAF provides important and complementary information about the thromboembolic risk of these patients

Recognition and repair of 2-aminofluorene- and 2-(acetylamino)fluorene-DNA adducts by UVRABC nuclease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pierce, J.R.; Case, R.; Tang, Moonshong

1989-01-01

Recognition of damage induced by N-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene (N-OH-AF) and N-acetoxy-2-(acetylamino)fluorene (NAAAF) in both φX174 RFI supercoiled DNA and a linear DNA fragment by purified UVRA, UVRB, and UVRC proteins was investigated. The authors have previously demonstrated that N-OH-AF and NAAAF treatments produce N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene (dG-C8-AF) and N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-(acetylamino)fluorene (dG-C8-AAF), respectively, in DNA. Using a piperidine cleavage method and DNA sequence analysis, they have found that all guanine residues can be modified by N-OH-AF and NAAAF. These two kinds of adducts have different impacts on the DNA helix structure; while dG-C8-AF maintains the anti configuration, dG-C8-AAF is in the syn form. φX174 RF DNA-Escherichia coli transfection results indicate that while the uvrA, uvrB, and uvrC gene products are needed to repair dG-C8-AAF, the uvrC, but not the uvrA or uvrB gene products, is needed for repair of dG-C8-Af. However, they have found that in vitro the UVRA, UVRB, and UVRC proteins must work in concert to nick both dG-C8-AF and dG-C8-AAF. In general, the reactions of UVRABC nuclease toward dG-C8-AF are similar to those toward dG-C8-AAF; it incises seven to eight nucleotides from the 5' side and three to four nucleotides from the 3' side of the DNA adduct. Evidence is presented to suggest that hydrolysis on the 3' and 5' sides of the damaged base by UVRABC nuclease is not simultaneous and that at least occasionally hydrolysis occurs only on the 3' side or on the 5' side of the damage site. The possible mechanisms of UVRABC nuclease incision for AF-DNA are discussed

Serum Potassium Levels Inversely Correlate with D-Dimer In Patients with Acute-Onset Atrial Fibrillation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cervellin, Gianfranco, E-mail: gcervellin@ao.pr.it; Bonfanti, Laura; Picanza, Alessandra; Lippi, Giuseppe [1Academic Hospital of Parma (Italy)

2015-03-15

D-dimer values are frequently increased in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) compared to subjects in sinus rhythm. Hypokalemia plays a role in several cardiovascular diseases, but little is known about the association with AF. D-dimer values are frequently increased in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with subjects in sinus rhythm. Hypokalemia plays a role in several cardiovascular diseases, but little is known about the association with AF. The aim of this study was to investigate correlations between D-dimer and serum potassium in acute-onset AF (AAF). To investigate the potential correlation between the values of serum potassium and D-dimer in patients with AAF, we retrospectively reviewed clinical and laboratory data of all emergency department visits for AAF in 2013. Among 271 consecutive AAF patients with D-dimer assessments, those with hypokalemia (n = 98) had significantly higher D-dimer values than normokalemic patients (139 versus 114 ng/mL, p = 0.004). The rate of patients with D-dimer values exceeding the diagnostic cut-off was higher in the group of patients with hypokalemia than in those with normal serum potassium (26.5% versus 16.2%; p = 0.029). An inverse and highly significant correlation was found between serum potassium and D-dimer (r = −0.21; p < 0.001), even after adjustments for age and sex (beta coefficient −94.8; p = 0.001). The relative risk for a positive D-dimer value attributed to hypokalemia was 1.64 (95% CI, 1.02 to 2.63; p = 0.040). The correlation remained statistically significant in patients free from antihypertensive drugs (r = −0.25; p = 0.018), but not in those taking angiotensin-receptor blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, or diuretics. The inverse correlation between values of potassium and D-dimer in patients with AAF provides important and complementary information about the thromboembolic risk of these patients.

Formation and persistence of DNA adducts from the carcinogen N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene in rat mammary gland in vivo

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Allaben, W.T.; Weis, C.C.; Fullerton, N.F.; Beland, F.A.

1983-01-01

The rat mammary carcinogen, N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (N-hydroxy-2-AAF), has been proposed to be metabolically activated by mammary cytosolic N,O-acetyltransferase to a DNA binding species. To test this hypothesis, adult female Sprague-Dawley derived CD rats were treated, i.p., with 4.0 mg/kg [ring- 3 H]N-hydroxy-2-AAF. After 4 h, 1, 3, 14, and 28 days, the animals were killed, the mammary epithelium DNA was isolated and the carcinogen-deoxyribonucleoside adducts present were analyzed by high pressure liquid chromatography. At each time, only one adduct was detected and it was chromatographically identical to N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene. The level of the adduct was maximal at 4 h (1.5 adducts/10(6) nucleotides) and then decreased, following first order kinetics with a t1/2 of 14.2 days. The detection of a single non-acetylated aminofluorene adduct is consistent with N,O-acyltransferase being involved in the metabolic activation of N-hydroxy-2-AAF in the rat mammary gland

Stemcell Information: SKIP000820 [SKIP Stemcell Database[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available Riken Bio Resource Center 理化学研究所バイオリソースセンター このメールアドレスはスパムボットから保護されています。閲覧するにはJavaScriptを有効にする必要があります。 document.getElementById('cloakfe65eb6ab8c50f3a34d2ef03c7f9f8fd').innerHTML = ''; var prefix = 'ma' + 'il' + 'to'; var path = 'hr' + 'ef' + '='; var addyfe65eb6ab8c50f3a34d2ef03c7f9f8fd = 'cellips' + '@'; addyfe65eb6ab8c50f3a34d2ef03c7f9f8fd = addyfe65eb6ab8c50f3a34d2ef03c7f9f8fd + 'brc' + '.' + 'riken' + '.' + 'jp'; var addy_textfe65eb6ab8c50f3a34d2ef03c7f9f8fd = 'cellips' + '@' + 'brc' + '.' + 'riken' + '.' + 'jp';document.getElementById('cloakfe65eb6ab8c50f3a34d2ef03c7f9f8fd').innerHTML += ''+addy_textfe65eb6ab8c50f3a34d2ef03c7f9f8fd+''; このメールアドレスはスパムボットから保護されています。閲覧するにはJavaScriptを有効にする必要があります。 document.getElementById('cloak1e0f1d183aaf20c386339121aa0f6b1e').innerHTML = ''; var prefix = 'ma' + 'il' + 'to'; var path = 'hr' + 'ef' + '='; var addy1e0f1d183aaf20c386339121aa0f6b1e = 'cellips' + '@'; addy1e0f1d183aaf20c386339121aa0f6b1e = addy1e0f1d183aaf20c386339121aa0f6b1e + 'brc' + '.' + 'riken' + '.' + 'jp'; var addy_text1e0f1d183aaf20c386339121aa0f6b1e = 'cellips' + '@' + 'brc' + '.' + 'riken' + '.' + 'jp';document.getElementById('cloak1e0f1d183aaf20c386339121aa0f6b1e').innerHTML += ''+addy_text1e0f1d183aaf20c386339121aa0f6b1e+''; Available Riken Bio Resource Center 理化学

Serum Potassium Levels Inversely Correlate with D-Dimer In Patients with Acute-Onset Atrial Fibrillation.

Science.gov (United States)

Cervellin, Gianfranco; Bonfanti, Laura; Picanza, Alessandra; Lippi, Giuseppe

2014-12-09

Background: D-dimer values are frequently increased in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) compared to subjects in sinus rhythm. Hypokalemia plays a role in several cardiovascular diseases, but little is known about the association with AF. Objective: D-dimer values are frequently increased in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with subjects in sinus rhythm. Hypokalemia plays a role in several cardiovascular diseases, but little is known about the association with AF. The aim of this study was to investigate correlations between D-dimer and serum potassium in acute-onset AF (AAF). Methods: To investigate the potential correlation between the values of serum potassium and D-dimer in patients with AAF, we retrospectively reviewed clinical and laboratory data of all emergency department visits for AAF in 2013. Results: Among 271 consecutive AAF patients with D-dimer assessments, those with hypokalemia (n = 98) had significantly higher D-dimer values than normokalemic patients (139 versus 114 ng/mL, p = 0.004). The rate of patients with D-dimer values exceeding the diagnostic cut-off was higher in the group of patients with hypokalemia than in those with normal serum potassium (26.5% versus 16.2%; p = 0.029). An inverse and highly significant correlation was found between serum potassium and D-dimer (r = -0.21; p enzima conversora de angiotensina e diuréticos. Conclusões: A correlação inversa existente entre os níveis séricos de potássio e D-dímero em pacientes com FAA fornece informações importantes sobre o risco de tromboembolismo nestes pacientes.

Altered Sensory Feedbacks in Pianist's Dystonia: the altered auditory feedback paradigm and the glove effect

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Felicia Pei-Hsin Cheng

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Background: This study investigates the effect of altered auditory feedback (AAF in musician's dystonia (MD and discusses whether altered auditory feedback can be considered as a sensory trick in MD. Furthermore, the effect of AAF is compared with altered tactile feedback, which can serve as a sensory trick in several other forms of focal dystonia. Methods: The method is based on scale analysis (Jabusch et al. 2004. Experiment 1 employs synchronization paradigm: 12 MD patients and 25 healthy pianists had to repeatedly play C-major scales in synchrony with a metronome on a MIDI-piano with 3 auditory feedback conditions: 1. normal feedback; 2. no feedback; 3. constant delayed feedback. Experiment 2 employs synchronization-continuation paradigm: 12 MD patients and 12 healthy pianists had to repeatedly play C-major scales in two phases: first in synchrony with a metronome, secondly continue the established tempo without the metronome. There are 4 experimental conditions, among them 3 are the same altered auditory feedback as in Experiment 1 and 1 is related to altered tactile sensory input. The coefficient of variation of inter-onset intervals of the key depressions was calculated to evaluate fine motor control. Results: In both experiments, the healthy controls and the patients behaved very similarly. There is no difference in the regularity of playing between the two groups under any condition, and neither did AAF nor did altered tactile feedback have a beneficial effect on patients’ fine motor control. Conclusions: The results of the two experiments suggest that in the context of our experimental designs, AAF and altered tactile feedback play a minor role in motor coordination in patients with musicians' dystonia. We propose that altered auditory and tactile feedback do not serve as effective sensory tricks and may not temporarily reduce the symptoms of patients suffering from MD in this experimental context.

Exploring flavour-producing core microbiota in multispecies solid-state fermentation of traditional Chinese vinegar.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Zong-Min; Lu, Zhen-Ming; Shi, Jin-Song; Xu, Zheng-Hong

2016-05-31

Multispecies solid-state fermentation (MSSF), a natural fermentation process driven by reproducible microbiota, is an important technique to produce traditional fermented foods. Flavours, skeleton of fermented foods, was mostly produced by microbiota in food ecosystem. However, the association between microbiota and flavours and flavour-producing core microbiota are still poorly understood. Here, acetic acid fermentation (AAF) of Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar was taken as a typical case of MSSF. The structural and functional dynamics of microbiota during AAF process was determined by metagenomics and favour analyses. The dominant bacteria and fungi were identified as Acetobacter, Lactobacillus, Aspergillus, and Alternaria, respectively. Total 88 flavours including 2 sugars, 9 organic acids, 18 amino acids, and 59 volatile flavours were detected during AAF process. O2PLS-based correlation analysis between microbiota succession and flavours dynamics showed bacteria made more contribution to flavour formation than fungi. Seven genera including Acetobacter, Lactobacillus, Enhydrobacter, Lactococcus, Gluconacetobacer, Bacillus and Staphylococcus were determined as functional core microbiota for production of flavours in Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar, based on their dominance and functionality in microbial community. This study provides a perspective for bridging the gap between the phenotype and genotype of ecological system, and advances our understanding of MSSF mechanisms in Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar.

Disruption of sphingolipid biosynthesis in hepatocyte nodules: selective proliferative stimulus induced by fumonisin B1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Westhuizen, Liana van der; Gelderblom, Wentzel C.A.; Shephard, Gordon S.; Swanevelder, Sonja

2004-01-01

In order to investigate the role of sphingolipid disruption in the cancer promoting potential of fumonisin B 1 (FB 1 ) in the development of hepatocyte nodules, male Fischer 344 rats were subjected to cancer initiation (FB 1 containing diet or diethylnitrosamine (DEN) by i.p. injection) and promotion (2-acetylaminofluorene with partial hepatectomy, 2-AAF/PH) treatments followed by a secondary FB 1 dietary regimen. Sphinganine (Sa) and sphingosine (So) levels were measured by high performance liquid chromatography in control, surrounding and nodular liver tissues of the rats. The disruption of sphingolipid biosynthesis by the secondary FB 1 treatment in the control rats was significantly (P 1 initiation and 2-AAF/PH promotion. When comparing the groups subjected to the secondary FB 1 treatment, the initiation effected by FB 1 was less (P 1 initiation was marginally increased in the nodules compared to the surrounding liver after 2-AAF/PH promotion and significantly (P 1 treatment. Although, the FB 1 -induced hepatocyte nodules were not resistant to the disruption of sphingolipid biosynthesis, the nodular So levels were increased and might provide a selective growth stimulus possibly induced by bio-active sphingoid intermediates such as sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)

Effects of carcinogen treatment on rat liver DNA synthesis in vivo and on nascent DNA synthesis and elongation in cultured hepatocytes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zurlo, J.; Mignano, J.E.; Eustice, D.C.; Poirier, M.C.; Yager, J.D.

1986-01-01

One objective of this study was to determine the effects of N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (N-OH-AAF) treatment on DNA synthesis in regenerating rat liver. It was found that N-OH-AAF caused a dose-dependent inhibition of [ 3 H]thymidine incorporation into liver DNA. This inhibition was followed by a gradual, but incomplete recovery. The second objective of the study was to determine the effects of DNA damage on the size distribution and elongation of nascent hepatocyte DNA. Hepatocytes, which have been shown to demonstrate a pattern of inhibition and subsequent recovery of DNA synthesis following UV irradiation similar to that seen in vivo upon treatment with N-OH-AAF were cultured. The size distribution of nascent DNA after UV irradiation was determined by pH step gradient alkaline elution analysis. The results show that UV irradiation caused a dose-dependent decrease in the size distribution of nascent DNA suggesting an inhibition of elongation. The results show that resumption of DNA synthesis and nascent strand elongation occur on damaged templates. These observations along with previous studies support the idea that DNA damage leading to inhibition of DNA synthesis may induce SOS-type processes which if mutagenic may play a role in the initiation of carcinogenesis. (Auth.)

African-American Fathers' Perspectives on Their Children's Health Education: A Qualitative, Exploratory Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Odum, Mary; Smith, Matthew Lee; McKyer, E Lisako J

2014-01-01

To investigate African-American fathers' (AAF) perceptions regarding the applicability and need for their involvement as a health connection for their children and describe how participating fathers' behavior was affected by their attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions of their influence on their children's health. This exploratory study gathered data via semi-structured focus groups (n = 3) and thematically analyzed it utilizing a grounded theory approach. Participants included AAF (n = 20) with a mean age of 37 years (SD 11.79), with at least one child between 6 and 18 years old. Four major themes were revealed: (1) appropriate health education for participants' children (should first and foremost be delivered by parents); (2) participants' paternal health-related guidance approach (reactive, rather than proactive); (3) participants' perceived influences on health-related communication with their children (gender roles, efficacy constraints); and (4) paternal definitions of health (most often associated with diet). Understanding AAFs' perceived and desired role in their children's health edification can inform initiatives that actively engage these men, and nurture their level of involvement, to promote positive health behaviors among their children; this is necessary to realize their potential to actively improve the health of their children, families, and communities.

Evidence for a Rad18-independent frameshift mutagenesis pathway in human cell-free extracts.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Régine Janel-Bintz

Full Text Available Bypass of replication blocks by specialized DNA polymerases is crucial for cell survival but may promote mutagenesis and genome instability. To gain insight into mutagenic sub-pathways that coexist in mammalian cells, we examined N-2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF-induced frameshift mutagenesis by means of SV40-based shuttle vectors containing a single adduct. We found that in mammalian cells, as previously observed in E. coli, modification of the third guanine of two target sequences, 5'-GGG-3' (3G and 5'-GGCGCC-3' (NarI site, induces -1 and -2 frameshift mutations, respectively. Using an in vitro assay for translesion synthesis, we investigated the biochemical control of these events. We showed that Pol eta, but neither Pol iota nor Pol zeta, plays a major role in the frameshift bypass of the AAF adduct located in the 3G sequence. By complementing PCNA-depleted extracts with either a wild-type or a non-ubiquitinatable form of PCNA, we found that this Pol eta-mediated pathway requires Rad18 and ubiquitination of PCNA. In contrast, when the AAF adduct is located within the NarI site, TLS is only partially dependent upon Pol eta and Rad18, unravelling the existence of alternative pathways that concurrently bypass this lesion.

Effectiveness of Two Web-Based Interventions for Chronic Cancer-Related Fatigue Compared to an Active Control Condition: Results of the "Fitter na kanker" Randomized Controlled Trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Bruggeman-Everts, Fieke Z; Wolvers, Marije D J; van de Schoot, Rens; Vollenbroek-Hutten, Miriam M R; Van der Lee, Marije L

2017-10-19

Approximately one third of all patients who have been successfully treated for cancer suffer from chronic cancer-related fatigue (CCRF). Effective and easily accessible interventions are needed for these patients. The current paper reports on the results of a 3-armed randomized controlled trial investigating the clinical effectiveness of two different guided Web-based interventions for reducing CCRF compared to an active control condition. Severely fatigued cancer survivors were recruited via online and offline channels, and self-registered on an open-access website. After eligibility checks, 167 participants were randomized via an embedded automated randomization function into: (1) physiotherapist-guided Ambulant Activity Feedback (AAF) therapy encompassing the use of an accelerometer (n=62); (2) psychologist-guided Web-based mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (eMBCT; n=55); or (3) an unguided active control condition receiving psycho-educational emails (n=50). All interventions lasted nine weeks. Fatigue severity was self-assessed using the Checklist Individual Strength - Fatigue Severity subscale (primary outcome) six times from baseline (T0b) to six months (T2). Mental health was self-assessed three times using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (secondary outcome). Treatment dropout was investigated. Multiple group latent growth curve analysis, corrected for individual time between assessments, showed that fatigue severity decreased significantly more in the AAF and eMBCT groups compared to the psycho-educational group. The analyses were checked by a researcher who was blind to allocation. Clinically relevant changes in fatigue severity were observed in 66% (41/62) of patients in AAF, 49% (27/55) of patients in eMBCT, and 12% (6/50) of patients in psycho-education. Dropout was 18% (11/62) in AAF, mainly due to technical problems and poor usability of the accelerometer, and 38% (21/55) in eMBCT, mainly due to

Transforming the Albanian Armed Forces, Overcoming the Challenges

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Cahani, Nazmi

2009-01-01

The Albanian Armed Forces (AAF) are currently undergoing an extensive defense reform process that consists of transformation of its strategic concept, doctrine, organizational structure, personnel management system, military...

1944 AAF 661 Aerial Photo Index

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Aerial photographs are retrievable on a frame by frame basis. The aerial photo inventory contains imagery from various sources that are now archived at the Earth...

1943 AAF 332 Aerial Photo Index

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Aerial photographs are retrievable on a frame by frame basis. The aerial photo inventory contains imagery from various sources that are now archived at the Earth...

1944 AAF 547 Aerial Photo Index

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Aerial photographs are retrievable on a frame by frame basis. The aerial photo inventory contains imagery from various sources that are now archived at the Earth...

1944 AAF 649 Aerial Photo Index

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Aerial photographs are retrievable on a frame by frame basis. The aerial photo inventory contains imagery from various sources that are now archived at the Earth...

ORF Alignment: NT_033777 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available ophila melanogaster] gb|AAF54897.1| CG7996-PA ... [Drosophila melanogaster] sp|P05049|SNAK_DROME Seri...ne ... protease snake precursor ... Length = 246 ... Query: 186 IVGGTPTRHGLFPHMAALGWTQGSGSKDQDIKW

Two-Column Aerosol Project (TCAP) Field Campaign Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Berg, Larry K [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

2016-05-01

This study included the deployment of the Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility’s Mobile Facility (AMF), ARM Mobile Aerosol Observing System (MAOS) and the ARM Aerial Facility (AAF). The study was a collaborative effort involving scientists from DOE national laboratories, NOAA, NASA, and universities. The AAF and MAOS were deployed for two approximately month-long Intensive Operational Periods (IOPs) conducted in June 2012 and February 2013. Seasonal differences in the aerosol chemical and optical properties observed using the AMF, AAF, and MAOS are presented in this report. The total mass loading of aerosol is found to be much greater in the summer than in the winter, with the difference associated with greater amounts of organic aerosol. The mass fraction of organic aerosol is much reduced in the winter, when sulfate is the dominant aerosol type. Surprisingly, very little sea-salt aerosol was observed in the summer. In contrast, much more sea salt aerosol was observed in the winter. The mass loading of black carbon is nearly the same in both seasons. These differences lead to a relative increase in the aerosol light absorption in the winter and an associated decrease in observed single-scattering albedo. Measurements of aerosol mixing state were made using a single-particle mass spectrometer, which showed that the majority of the summertime aerosol consisted of organic compounds mixed with various amounts of sulfate. A number of other findings are also summarized in the report, including: impact of aerosol layers aloft on the column aerosol optical depth; documentation of the aerosol properties at the AMF; differences in the aerosol properties associated with both columns, which are not systematic but reflect the complicated meteorological and chemical processes that impact aerosol as it is advected away from North America; and new instruments and data-processing techniques for measuring both aerosol and

32 CFR 536.148 - Claims generated by the acts or omissions of NAFI employees.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

...) Customer complaints. AAFES-generated complaints will be handled in accordance with Exchange Service Manual... generated by appropriated funds laundry and dry-cleaning operations will be handled in accordance with AR...

Annual Adjustment Factors

Data.gov (United States)

Department of Housing and Urban Development — The Department of Housing and Urban Development establishes the rent adjustment factors - called Annual Adjustment Factors (AAFs) - on the basis of Consumer Price...

Genetic regulation by amino acids of specific membrane protein biosynthesis in isolated rat hepatocytes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chiles, T.C.; Handlogten, M.E.; Kilberg, M.S.

1986-01-01

Rat Hepatocytes in primary culture were incubated in amino acid-free (AAF) medium or amino acid-supplemented (AAS) medium for 2-6 hr. The effect of amino acid starvation on the synthesis of specific membrane proteins was monitored by including 3 H-leucine during the incubation. A crude plasma membrane fraction was prepared and then analyzed by 2-D gel electrophoresis followed by fluorography. Amino acid deprivation caused an induction of the synthesis of 5 of the 30 proteins studied. The ratio (AAF/-AAS) of cpm incorporated into the remaining 25 proteins was 0.8 +/- 0.2, whereas the ratio for the 5 proteins that showed amino acid-dependent synthesis ranged from 1.5 to 2.5. The presence of 4 μM actinomycin in the AAF medium completely blocked the starvation-induced synthesis of the 5 proteins tested, but did not alter significantly the ratio of cpm incorporated into the other 25 proteins. Binding studies involving ConA suggested a plasma membrane location for the 5 proteins. The molecular weight values of the starvation-induced proteins are 70, 66, 66, 67, and 45kD. Surface-labelling of intact cells and preparation of antibodies against the 5 proteins will be used to establish the subcellular location and to describe the amino acid-dependent synthesis of each in more detail

Tuberculosis Revisited - a review of surgical biopsies and autopsy ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

1992-1996). FB Abdulkareem, SO Elesha, AAF Banjo. Abstract. Nigerian Quarterly Journal of Hospital Medicine Vol.10(2) 2000: 126-128. Full Text: EMAIL FULL TEXT EMAIL FULL TEXT · DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT.

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DNOV-01-2150 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DNOV-01-2150 ref|NP_051152.1| ribosomal protein S4 [Cafeteria roenbergensis] g...b|AAF05803.1|AF193903_26 ribosomal protein S4 [Cafeteria roenbergensis] NP_051152.1 0.86 27% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DNOV-01-2064 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DNOV-01-2064 ref|NP_051147.1| NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [Cafeteria roenberg...ensis] gb|AAF05798.1|AF193903_21 NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [Cafeteria roenbergensis] NP_051147.1 0.009 24% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-CREM-01-0003 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-CREM-01-0003 ref|NP_051147.1| NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [Cafeteria roenberg...ensis] gb|AAF05798.1|AF193903_21 NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [Cafeteria roenbergensis] NP_051147.1 1e-04 27% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-CBRE-01-1180 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-CBRE-01-1180 ref|NP_051147.1| NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [Cafeteria roenberg...ensis] gb|AAF05798.1|AF193903_21 NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [Cafeteria roenbergensis] NP_051147.1 2e-05 24% ...

Mutagenicity studies with the mouse spot test

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gocke, E.; Wild, D.; Eckhardt, K.; King, M.T.

1983-04-01

The mammalian spot test, which detects somatic gene mutations in mouse embryos, was investigated with selected chemicals to (a) further validate this test system ethylnitrosourea, ethyl methanesulfonate, 2-acetylaminofluorene and colchicine (ENU, EMS, 2AAF), and (b) evaluate the mutagenic potential, in a whole-mammal system, of environmental compounds that had been previously recognized as mutagens in other mammalian or submammalian test systems (1,2-dichloroethane, hydroquinone, nitrofurantoin, o-phenylenediamine, fried sausage extract). Of these substances, ENU, EMS and 2AAF were significantly mutagenic, 1,2-dichloroethane was probably weakly mutagenic. The ENU data were used to estimate the number of pigment precursor cells present at the time of treatment (day 9.25). We also describe in this report the use of a fluorescence microscope for classification of hairs from spots on the coat of C57BL/6JHan X T hybrids.

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DMEL-06-0010 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DMEL-06-0010 ref|NP_525045.2| pecanex CG3443-PB [Drosophila melanogaster] sp|P...18490|PCX_DROME Protein pecanex gb|AAF45756.2| CG3443-PB [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_525045.2 0.0 95% ...

Arabidopsis CDS blastp result: AK243131 [KOME

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available AK243131 J100030A12 At1g21450.1 68414.m02682 scarecrow-like transcription factor 1 ...(SCL1) identical to scarecrow-like 1 GB:AAF21043 GI:6644390 from [Arabidopsis thaliana] 4e-46 ...

Arabidopsis CDS blastp result: AK242412 [KOME

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available AK242412 J080076J05 At1g21450.1 68414.m02682 scarecrow-like transcription factor 1 ...(SCL1) identical to scarecrow-like 1 GB:AAF21043 GI:6644390 from [Arabidopsis thaliana] 1e-36 ...

ORF Alignment: NC_003284 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available NC_003284 gi|17551448 >1rw3A 32 443 156 555 3e-25 ... gb|AAF64414.1| Pol [equine foam...y virus] ref|NP_054716.1| Pol [equine foamy virus] ... Length = 400 ... Query: 980 ... KLRIVLD--ASSPPGPEPSL

Report on Progress Toward Security and Stability in Afghanistan

Science.gov (United States)

2014-10-01

flooded area roadways and wadis ( valleys ). This successful humanitarian assistance mission demonstrated improved AAF C2 capabilities to re-task assets...November 2013 Appellate Court order calling for a shareholder meeting to resolve disagreements of asset valuation and apportionment of recovery

Summary of Independent Assessment of the Afghan National Security Forces

Science.gov (United States)

2014-02-01

Afghan National Police (ANP), which are the Afghan Border Police ( ABP ), Afghan National Civil Order Police (ANCOP), Afghan Uniform Police (AUP...intentionally left blank 43 Acronyms AACP Afghan Anti-Crime Police AAF Afghan Air Force ABP Afghan Border Police ALP Afghan

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-TTRU-01-1294 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-TTRU-01-1294 ref|NP_051157.1| ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [Cafeteria roenbergens...is] gb|AAF05808.1|AF193903_31 ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [Cafeteria roenbergensis] NP_051157.1 0.057 29% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DNOV-01-0972 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DNOV-01-0972 ref|NP_051157.1| ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [Cafeteria roenbergens...is] gb|AAF05808.1|AF193903_31 ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [Cafeteria roenbergensis] NP_051157.1 0.001 29% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DMEL-06-0053 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DMEL-06-0053 ref|NP_573024.1| CG11655-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF48454....1| CG11655-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAL48132.1| RH04535p [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_573024.1 0.0 99% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DMEL-04-0011 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DMEL-04-0011 ref|NP_649764.1| CG7918-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF54188....2| CG7918-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAO39464.1| RH14214p [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_649764.1 0.0 100% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-AGAM-01-0101 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-AGAM-01-0101 ref|NP_611415.2| CG9416-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAM48412....1| RE28322p [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF57572.2| CG9416-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_611415.2 5e-62 34% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DYAK-04-0007 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DYAK-04-0007 ref|NP_650652.1| CG7431-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF55463....1| CG7431-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAK57748.1| tyramine receptor [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_650652.1 1e-116 42% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-XTRO-01-2184 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-XTRO-01-2184 ref|NP_611415.2| CG9416-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAM48412....1| RE28322p [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF57572.2| CG9416-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_611415.2 0.030 23% ...

Geology and metallogeny of the Ar Rayn terrane, eastern Arabian shield: Evolution of a Neoproterozoic continental-margin arc during assembly of Gondwana within the East African orogen

Science.gov (United States)

Doebrich, J.L.; Al-Jehani, A. M.; Siddiqui, A.A.; Hayes, T.S.; Wooden, J.L.; Johnson, P.R.

2007-01-01

The Neoproterozoic Ar Rayn terrane is exposed along the eastern margin of the Arabian shield. The terrane is bounded on the west by the Ad Dawadimi terrane across the Al Amar fault zone (AAF), and is nonconformably overlain on the east by Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks. The terrane is composed of a magmatic arc complex and syn- to post-orogenic intrusions. The layered rocks of the arc, the Al Amar group (>689 Ma to ???625 Ma), consist of tholeiitic to calc-alkaline basaltic to rhyolitic volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks with subordinate tuffaceous sedimentary rocks and carbonates, and are divided into an eastern and western sequence. Plutonic rocks of the terrane form three distinct lithogeochemical groups: (1) low-Al trondhjemite-tonalite-granodiorite (TTG) of arc affinity (632-616 Ma) in the western part of the terrane, (2) high-Al TTG/adakite of arc affinity (689-617 Ma) in the central and eastern part of the terrane, and (3) syn- to post-orogenic alkali granite (607-583 Ma). West-dipping subduction along a trench east of the terrane is inferred from high-Al TTG/adakite emplaced east of low-Al TTG. The Ar Rayn terrane contains significant resources in epithermal Au-Ag-Zn-Cu-barite, enigmatic stratiform volcanic-hosted Khnaiguiyah-type Zn-Cu-Fe-Mn, and orogenic Au vein deposits, and the potential for significant resources in Fe-oxide Cu-Au (IOCG), and porphyry Cu deposits. Khnaiguiyah-type deposits formed before or during early deformation of the Al Amar group eastern sequence. Epithermal and porphyry deposits formed proximal to volcanic centers in Al Amar group western sequence. IOCG deposits are largely structurally controlled and hosted by group-1 intrusions and Al Amar group volcanic rocks in the western part of the terrane. Orogenic gold veins are largely associated with north-striking faults, particularly in and near the AAF, and are presumably related to amalgamation of the Ar Rayn and Ad Dawadimi terranes. Geologic, structural, and metallogenic

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-CJAC-01-1334 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-CJAC-01-1334 gb|AAF20199.1|AF203386_1 beta-2 adrenergic receptor [Homo sapiens...] gb|AAA88017.1| beta-2 adrenergic receptor gb|AAB82148.1| beta2-adrenergic receptor [Homo sapiens] gb|AAY88739.1| adrenergic

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-AGAM-01-0070 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-AGAM-01-0070 ref|NP_476722.1| shotgun CG3722-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] sp|Q...24298|CADE_DROME DE-cadherin precursor (Protein shotgun) gb|AAF46659.1| CG3722-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_476722.1 0.0 42% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-AGAM-01-0071 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-AGAM-01-0071 ref|NP_476722.1| shotgun CG3722-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] sp|Q...24298|CADE_DROME DE-cadherin precursor (Protein shotgun) gb|AAF46659.1| CG3722-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_476722.1 0.0 40% ...

Nigerian Medical Practitioner - Vol 68, No 4-6 (2015)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The Role of p16 Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Pre-Invasive Cervical Lesions and its Applications in a Low Resource Setting · EMAIL FULL TEXT EMAIL FULL TEXT · DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. N Orah, AAF Banjo, 35-38 ...

75 FR 6685 - Section 8 Housing Assistance Payments Program-Contract Rent Annual Adjustment Factors, Fiscal...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-02-10

... Oliva, Director, Office of Special Needs Assistance Programs, Office of Community Planning and... provision states that ``the rationale [for lower AAFs for non-turnover units is] that operating costs are less if tenant turnover is less * * *''. Department of Veteran Affairs and Housing and Urban...

77 FR 22340 - Section 8 Housing Assistance Payments Program-Annual Adjustment Factors, Fiscal Year 2012

Science.gov (United States)

2012-04-13

... Oliva, Director, Office of Special Needs Assistance Programs, Office of Community Planning and... statutory provision states that ``the rationale [for lower AAFs for non-turnover units is] that operating costs are less if tenant turnover is less * * *'' (see Department of Veteran Affairs and Housing and...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DDIS-01-0132 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DDIS-01-0132 ref|XP_646256.1| cellulose synthase [Dictyostelium discoideum AX4...] gb|AAF00200.1|AF163835_1 cellulose synthase [Dictyostelium discoideum] gb|EAL71912.1| cellulose synthase [Dictyostelium discoideum AX4] XP_646256.1 0.0 99% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DYAK-06-0045 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DYAK-06-0045 ref|NP_573378.1| CG8062-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAD55741....1|AF184230_1 BcDNA.LD28120 [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF48949.1| CG8062-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_573378.1 0.0 90% ...

Designers Block 2002

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dickson, Thomas

2002-01-01

Artiklen indleder med: ved siden aaf Londons etablerede designmesse '100% Design', er der vokset et undergrundsmiljø af designudstillinger op. Det dominerende og mest kendte initiativ er Designers Block, der i år udstillede to steder i byen. Designers Block er et mere uformelt udstillingsforum...

78 FR 30322 - Section 8 Housing Assistance Payments Program-Annual Adjustment Factors, Fiscal Year 2013

Science.gov (United States)

2013-05-22

... Community Planning and Development, 202-708-4300, for questions regarding the Single Room Occupancy (SRO... provision states that ``the rationale [for lower AAFs for non-turnover units is] that operating costs are less if tenant turnover is less...'' (see Department of Veteran Affairs and Housing and Urban...

Numbers Matter: Post-2014 Afghan National Security Force End Strength

Science.gov (United States)

2013-03-01

Afghan Border Police ( ABP ), and the Afghan National Civil Order Police (ANCOP).16 Two other Afghan security organizations, which did not factor...Air Force (AAF), Afghan Border Police ( ABP ), and Afghan Uniform Police (AUP), is also a significant challenge to the legitimacy of the ANSF with the

78 FR 33019 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Commerce, TX

Science.gov (United States)

2013-06-03

...-0269; Airspace Docket No. 13-ASW-3] Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Commerce, TX AGENCY... action proposes to amend Class E airspace at Commerce, TX. Additional controlled airspace is necessary to accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) at Commerce Municipal Airport (AAF). The FAA...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DSIM-02-0010 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DSIM-02-0010 ref|NP_610824.1| CG3814-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster] g...b|AAF58447.1| CG3814-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAT94437.1| RE58310p [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_610824.1 3e-35 34% ...

Repair of DNA lesions induced by ultraviolet irradiation and aromatic amines in normal and repair-deficient human lymphoblastoid cell lines

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Stevnsner, Tinna; Frandsen, Henrik; Autrup, Herman

1995-01-01

(AAF) respectively. The cell line belonging to xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XP-C) removed all three types of damage less efficiently than the normal cell line, but more efficiently than the cell line belonging to xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XP-D). The cell line...

First Study Of HEPA Filter Prototype Performance To Control The Airborne Pollution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soetomo; Suwarno

2000-01-01

This paper will report the efficiency test result of the filtration tool prototype of High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA filter) for low temperature, to control the airborne pollution of aerosol particle of solid and liquid. The prototype design of HEPA filter was based on the characteristic data of filter material (fibrous diameter, density, filter thickness), flow rate of air and first pressure drop. From the result of laboratory scale test, using DOP/PSL aerosol with 0,3 mum diameter and the flow rate of 3,78 m exp.3/min, was obtained filtration efficiency revolve between 89,90 and 99,94 % for the filter prototype of A, B, C, and D. the efficiency estimation of theory with filtration programme and the experiment was different amount 1 %. The value of the prototype efficiency of D filter was not far different with AAF-USA filter and its price is cheaper 30 % than the price of AAF-USA filter

Experimental Hepatic Carcinogenesis: Oxidative Stress and Natural Antioxidants

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Velid Unsal

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common cancers in the world, and it is influenced by agents such as DEN, 2-AAF, phenobarbital, alcohol, aflatoxin B1 metabolite or hepatitis viruses (B and C. Oxidative stress is becoming recognized as a key factor in the progression of hepatocarcinogenesis. Reactive oxygen species can play a leading role in initiation and promotion of hepatic carcinogenesis. The metabolites of DEN Diethylnitrosamine (DEN mediate the binding of tumour promoters by covalently binding to the DNA with one or two oxidation-providing electrons. 2-AAF is the inducer of DEN, and it is involved in tumour formation in the bladder and liver. Reactive Oxygen species (ROS; carbohydrates, lipids, DNA and enzymes, such as affect all important structures. Additionally, an excessive amount of ROS is highly toxic to cells. Antioxidants are protects against ROS, toxic substances, carcinogens. This review focuses on the literature on studies of Hepatic Carcinogenesis, oxidative stress and antioxidant therapy.

76 FR 77111 - Standard Instrument Approach Procedures, and Takeoff Minimums and Obstacle Departure Procedures...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-12-12

..., 6500 South MacArthur Blvd., Oklahoma City, OK 73169 or 4. The National Archives and Records... to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html..., Amdt 3D, CANCELLED Fort Hood/Killeen, TX, Robert Gray AAF, RADAR-1, Orig New Market, VA, New Market...

32 CFR 552.152 - Prohibited practices.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... wines, malt beverages and distilled spirits. (1) By military personnel in uniform during duty hours... by section II of AR 215-2, and at Army/Air Force Exchange Service (AAFES) eating establishments which...) Relationships between service members of different rank or sex which involve or reasonably give the appearance...

Mechanistic link between uptake of sulfonamides and bacteriostatic effect: model development and application to experimental data from two soil microorganisms.

Science.gov (United States)

Focks, Andreas; Klasmeier, Jörg; Matthies, Michael

2010-07-01

Sulfonamides (SA) are antibiotic compounds that are widely used as human and veterinary pharmaceuticals. They are not rapidly biodegradable and have been detected in various environmental compartments. Effects of sulfonamides on microbial endpoints in soil have been reported from laboratory incubation studies. Sulfonamides inhibit the growth of sensitive microorganisms by competitive binding to the dihydropteroate-synthase (DHPS) enzyme of folic acid production. A mathematical model was developed that relates the extracellular SA concentration to the inhibition of the relative bacterial growth rate. Two factors--the anionic accumulation factor (AAF) and the cellular affinity factor (CAF)--determine the effective concentration of an SA. The AAF describes the SA uptake into bacterial cells and varies with both the extra- and intracellular pH values and with the acidic pKa value of an SA. The CAF subsumes relevant cellular and enzyme properties, and is directly proportional to the DHPS affinity constant for an SA. Based on the model, a mechanistic dose-response relationship is developed and evaluated against previously published data, where differences in the responses of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Panthoea agglomerans toward changing medium pH values were found, most likely as a result of their diverse pH regulation. The derived dose-response relationship explains the pH and pKa dependency of mean effective concentration values (EC50) of eight SA and two soil bacteria based on AAF and CAF values. The mathematical model can be used to extrapolate sulfonamide effects to other pH values and to calculate the CAF as a pH-independent measure for the SA effects on microbial growth. Copyright (c) 2010 SETAC.

Parvalbumin immunoreactivity in the auditory cortex of a mouse model of presbycusis.

Science.gov (United States)

Martin del Campo, H N; Measor, K R; Razak, K A

2012-12-01

Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) affects ∼35% of humans older than sixty-five years. Symptoms of presbycusis include impaired discrimination of sounds with fast temporal features, such as those present in speech. Such symptoms likely arise because of central auditory system plasticity, but the underlying components are incompletely characterized. The rapid spiking inhibitory interneurons that co-express the calcium binding protein Parvalbumin (PV) are involved in shaping neural responses to fast spectrotemporal modulations. Here, we examined cortical PV expression in the C57bl/6 (C57) mouse, a strain commonly studied as a presbycusis model. We examined if PV expression showed auditory cortical field- and layer-specific susceptibilities with age. The percentage of PV-expressing cells relative to Nissl-stained cells was counted in the anterior auditory field (AAF) and primary auditory cortex (A1) in three age groups: young (1-2 months), middle-aged (6-8 months) and old (14-20 months). There were significant declines in the percentage of cells expressing PV at a detectable level in layers I-IV of both A1 and AAF in the old mice compared to young mice. In layers V-VI, there was an increase in the percentage of PV-expressing cells in the AAF of the old group. There were no changes in percentage of PV-expressing cells in layers V-VI of A1. These data suggest cortical layer(s)- and field-specific susceptibility of PV+ cells with presbycusis. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that a decline in inhibitory neurotransmission, particularly in the superficial cortical layers, occurs with presbycusis. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The AAF in the Invasion of Southern France

Science.gov (United States)

1992-01-01

action. (e) To transport and drop airborne troops engaged in the operation. (f) To cooperate with the Maquis by air action and air supply. In addition MAAF...operations in aid of the Partisans. PLANNING As far back as i April 1943 the eyes of the Allied forces in the Mediterranean were focusing on a possible landing...elimination of bush and dry vegetation fire hazards; and erection of airfield buildings. Signals The problems faced by the Signals Planning Staff at

76 FR 43580 - Standard Instrument Approach Procedures, and Takeoff Minimums and Obstacle Departure Procedures...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-07-21

..., Amdt 2 Fort Huachuca Sierra Vista, AZ, Sierra Vista Muni-Libby AAF, RNAV (GPS) RWY 8, Amdt 1 Tucson, AZ... RWY 11, Amdt 4 Springhill, LA, Springhill, NDB RWY 36, Orig, CANCELLED Springhill, LA, Springhill, RNAV (GPS) RWY 18, Orig Springhill, LA, Springhill, RNAV (GPS) RWY 36, Orig Springhill, LA, Springhill...

34 CFR 464.42 - What limit applies to purchasing computer hardware and software?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... software? 464.42 Section 464.42 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education... computer hardware and software? Not more than ten percent of funds received under any grant under this part may be used to purchase computer hardware or software. (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1208aa(f)) ...

ORF Alignment: NC_002506 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available NC_002506 gi|15600953 >1cqxA 1 398 1 388 e-107 ... gb|AAF96096.1| ferrisiderophore re...ductase [Vibrio cholerae O1 biovar eltor str. ... N16961] ref|NP_232583.1| ferrisiderophore reductase... ... [Vibrio cholerae O1 biovar eltor str. N16961] ... pir||F82491 ferrisiderophore reductase

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-AGAM-01-0022 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-AGAM-01-0022 ref|NP_523974.3| fear-of-intimacy CG6817-PA [Drosophila melanogas...ter] sp|Q9VSL7|FOI_DROME Zinc transporter foi precursor (Protein fear-of-intimacy) (Protein kastchen) gb|AAF50401.3| CG6817-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_523974.3 1e-111 44% ...

Adjusting for unrecorded consumption in survey and per capita sales data: quantification of impact on gender- and age-specific alcohol-attributable fractions for oral and pharyngeal cancers in Great Britain.

Science.gov (United States)

Meier, Petra Sylvia; Meng, Yang; Holmes, John; Baumberg, Ben; Purshouse, Robin; Hill-McManus, Daniel; Brennan, Alan

2013-01-01

Large discrepancies are typically found between per capita alcohol consumption estimated via survey data compared with sales, excise or production figures. This may lead to significant inaccuracies when calculating levels of alcohol-attributable harms. Using British data, we demonstrate an approach to adjusting survey data to give more accurate estimates of per capita alcohol consumption. First, sales and survey data are adjusted to account for potential biases (e.g. self-pouring, under-sampled populations) using evidence from external data sources. Secondly, survey and sales data are aligned using different implementations of Rehm et al.'s method [in (2010) Statistical modeling of volume of alcohol exposure for epidemiological studies of population health: the US example. Pop Health Metrics 8, 1-12]. Thirdly, the impact of our approaches is tested by using our revised survey dataset to calculate alcohol-attributable fractions (AAFs) for oral and pharyngeal cancers. British sales data under-estimate per capita consumption by 8%, primarily due to illicit alcohol. Adjustments to survey data increase per capita consumption estimates by 35%, primarily due to under-sampling of dependent drinkers and under-estimation of home-poured spirits volumes. Before aligning sales and survey data, the revised survey estimate remains 22% lower than the revised sales estimate. Revised AAFs for oral and pharyngeal cancers are substantially larger with our preferred method for aligning data sources, yielding increases in an AAF from the original survey dataset of 0.47-0.60 (males) and 0.28-0.35 (females). It is possible to use external data sources to adjust survey data to reduce the under-estimation of alcohol consumption and then account for residual under-estimation using a statistical calibration technique. These revisions lead to markedly higher estimated levels of alcohol-attributable harm.

Hepatocellular proliferation and hepatocarcinogen bioactivation in mice with diet-induced fatty liver and obesity.

Science.gov (United States)

Iatropoulos, M J; Duan, J-D; Jeffrey, A M; Leach, M W; Hayes, A N; Stedman, N L; Williams, G M

2013-05-01

Human liver cancer is in part associated with obesity and related metabolic diseases. The present study was undertaken in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity (DIO) and hepatic steatosis, conditions which can be associated with hepatic neoplasia, to determine whether the rates of cell proliferation or hepatocarcinogen bioactivation were altered in ways which could facilitate hepatocarcinogenesis. DIO mice were generated by feeding C57BL/6 (B6) male mice a high-fat diet beginning at 4 weeks of age; age-matched conventional lean (LEAN) B6 mice fed a low fat diet (10% Kcal from fat) were used for comparison. Groups of 28 week old DIO and LEAN mice were dosed with the bioactivation-dependent DNA-reactive hepatocarcinogen 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF), at 2.24 or 22.4 mg/kg, given by gavage 3 times per week for 31 days, or received no treatment (DIO and LEAN control groups). Compared with the LEAN control group, the DIO control group had a higher mean body weight (16.5 g), higher mean absolute (1.4 g) and mean relative (25.5%) liver weights, higher (394%) liver triglyceride concentrations, and an increased incidence and severity of hepatocellular steatosis at the end of the dosing phase. The DIO control group also had a higher mean hepatocellular replicating fraction (31% increase, determined by proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunohistochemistry). Hepatocarcinogen bioactivation, based on formation of AAF DNA adducts as measured by nucleotide (32)P-postlabeling, was similar in both DIO and LEAN AAF-dosed groups. Thus, hepatocellular proliferation, but not hepatocarcinogen bioactivation, was identified as an alteration in livers of DIO mice which could contribute to their susceptibility to hepatocarcinogenesis. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Production and characterization of alien chromosome additions in shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) carrying extra chromosome(s) of Japanese bunching onion (A. fistulosum L.).

Science.gov (United States)

Hang, Tran Thi Minh; Shigyo, Masayoshi; Yamauchi, Naoki; Tashiro, Yosuke

2004-10-01

First and second backcrosses of amphidiploid hybrids (2n = 4x = 32, genomes AAFF) between shallot (Allium cepa Aggregatum group) and A. fistulosum were conducted to produce A. cepa - A. fistulosum alien addition lines. When shallot (A. cepa Aggregatum group) was used as a pollinator, the amphidiploids and allotriploids set germinable BC(1) and BC(2) seeds, respectively. The 237 BC(1) plants mainly consisted of 170 allotriploids (2n = 3x = 24, AAF) and 42 hypo-allotriploids possessing 23 chromosomes, i.e., single-alien deletions (2n = 3x-1 = 23, AAF-nF). The single-alien deletions in the BC(1) progeny showed dwarfing characteristics and were discriminated from the allotriploids (2n = 24) and hyper-allotriploids (2n = 25) by means of flow cytometric analysis. The chromosome numbers of 46 BC(2) seedlings varied from 16 to 24. Eight monosomic additions (2n = 2x+1 = 17, AA+nF) and 20 single-alien deletions were found in these BC(2) seedlings. Consequently, six kinds of A. cepa - A. fistulosum alien chromosome additions possessing different chromosome numbers (2n = 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23) were recognized in the BC(1) and BC(2) populations. A total of 79 aneuploids, including 62 single-alien deletions, were analyzed by a chromosome 6F-specific isozyme marker (Got-2) in order to recognize its existence in their chromosome complements. This analysis revealed that two out of 62 single-alien deletions did not possess 6F. One (AAF-6F) out of the possible eight single-alien deletions could be identified at first. The present study is a first step toward the development of a useful tool, such as a complete set of eight different single-alien deletions, for the rapid chromosomal assignment of genes and genetic markers in A. fistulosum.

Steroid profile and IRMS analysis of musk administration for doping control.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Jingzhu; He, Yi; Liu, Xin; Yang, Zhiyong; Yang, Wenning

2017-11-01

Musk, the dried secretion of the musk pod (sac) of adult male musk deer, has been used as traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in China and south-east Asian countries for thousands of years. Due to the anabolic steroid component in this TCM, musk preparations have been included in the list of medical products containing prohibited substances employed for doping by the State Food and Drug Administration of China. The application of musk pod formulation was claimed to be responsible for some adverse analytical findings (AAFs) in the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup. Our preliminary study has suggested that musk ingestion did not lead to AAFs of doping control with the single dosage of 100 mg. However, the influences of musk administration in large and multi dosage are still unclear. The aim of this study is to further investigate the influences of musk administration for doping control. Wild and domestic deer musk samples were collected. The concentrations and δ 13 C-values of steroids in musk were analyzed. In an excretion study, 200 and 100 mg of wild and domestic deer musk samples were administrated by 29 subjects, respectively. Fluctuations in steroid profile could be observed, and the ratio of 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol to 5β-androstane-3α,17β-diol was more sensitive than other parameters. In the IRMS test, the ∆Δδ 13 C-value between endogenous reference compound and etiocholanolone was a sensitive parameter, and AAFs were obtained. It is the first time to confirm with excretion study that musk administration could lead to positive result of doping control. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Auditory Masking Effects on Speech Fluency in Apraxia of Speech and Aphasia: Comparison to Altered Auditory Feedback

Science.gov (United States)

Jacks, Adam; Haley, Katarina L.

2015-01-01

Purpose: To study the effects of masked auditory feedback (MAF) on speech fluency in adults with aphasia and/or apraxia of speech (APH/AOS). We hypothesized that adults with AOS would increase speech fluency when speaking with noise. Altered auditory feedback (AAF; i.e., delayed/frequency-shifted feedback) was included as a control condition not…

AFCOMS (Air Force Commissary Service): Does this SOA Need an Executive Development Program?

Science.gov (United States)

1985-03-01

ll)NALHuKAU U STADARS 19,l liii I0 󈧽 AAfR WAR COLLG RESEARCH REPORT LZ? e lNo. AU-AWC-35-011 - N4 AFCOMS: DOES THIS SQA NEED AN EXECUTIVE cm...high incidence of safety and physical security violations. Serious deficiencies existed in the financial management area. Accounting errors were not

Identification and Characterization of a Gene Cluster Mediating Enteroaggregative Escherichia Coli Aggregative Adherence Fimbria I Biogenesis

Science.gov (United States)

1994-08-01

microscopy were performed by standard methods with fluoresceinated forward and reverse pUC primers (ABI) with a JOEL JEM 1200 EX 11 transr-ission...MyfB 11 enzrocolinca 41 220 uous plasmid regions required for AAF/I expre:sion and AA. PapD E. cobi 34 200 In this paper. we present a detailed analysis

Metabolism and genotoxicity of aromatic amines in aquatic organisms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Knezovich, J.P.; Krauter, P.W.; Lawton, M.P.; Harrison, F.L.

1987-01-01

Marine mussels (Mytilus edulis) and bullfrog tadpoles (Rana catesbeiana) were used to investigate the comparative metabolism and genotoxicity of aromatic amines in vivo. These organisms were selected because they possess distinctly different metabolic capabilities: mussels lack an active mixed-function-oxidase enzyme system that is present in most other organisms, including amphibians. Using 14 C-labeled chemical probes (o- and p-toluidine, 2-aminofluorene (2-AF), and 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF)), mussels and tadpoles well dosed with individual compounds by direct immersion in aqueous solutions. The identities of metabolites were then determined by HPLC and GC/MS methods. Results indicate that the N-conjugating pathways used by mussels result primarily in the detoxification of aromatic amines by limiting the amount of primary amine available for activation. The tadpoles excreted a number of 2-AAF metabolites but did form DNA and protein adducts in the liver. Induction of micronuclei in the peripheral red blood cells was also demonstrated. The tadpole was shown to be a sensitive biological indicator of pollution in aquatic ecosystems

ORF Alignment: NC_002505 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available NC_002505 gi|15640858 >1atg0 1 226 25 253 1e-12 ... gb|AAF94004.1| accessory colonization... factor AcfC [Vibrio cholerae O1 biovar eltor ... str. N16961] ref|NP_230489.1| accessory colonization... ... factor AcfC [Vibrio cholerae O1 biovar eltor str. ... N16961] pir||F82273 accessory colonization

77 FR 51894 - Standard Instrument Approach Procedures, and Takeoff Minimums and Obstacle Departure Procedures...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-08-28

... RWY 20, Orig-A Baton Rouge, LA, Baton Rouge Metropolitan, Ryan Field, ILS OR LOC RWY 22R, Amdt 11 Baton Rouge, LA, Baton Rouge Metropolitan, Ryan Field, RNAV (GPS) RWY 4L, Amdt 2 Baton Rouge, LA, Baton... Fort Huachuca/Sierra Vista, AZ, Sierra Vista Muni/Libby AAF, RADAR 1, Amdt 5, CANCELLED [FR Doc. 2012...

ORF Alignment: NC_001263 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available NC_001263 gi|15805432 >1bplA 2 169 309 525 3e-10 ... gb|AAF09983.1| alpha-dextran end...o-1,6-alpha-glucosidase [Deinococcus radiodurans] ... pir||D75524 alpha-dextran endo-1,6-alpha-glucos...idase - ... Deinococcus radiodurans (strain R1) ref|NP_294128.1| ... alpha-dextran endo-1,6-al

Kitchen Appliance Upgrades Improve Water Efficiency at DOD Exchange Facilities: Best Management Practice Case Study #11: Commercial Kitchen Equipment (Brochure)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

2011-09-01

The Exchange, formerly the Army and Air Force Exchange Service (AAFES), is a joint military activity and the U.S. Department of Defense?s (DOD) oldest and largest retailer. The Exchange is taking a leadership role in water efficiency improvements in their commercial kitchens by integrating water efficiency concepts into the organization?s overall sustainability plan and objectives.

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DSIM-02-0079 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DSIM-02-0079 ref|NP_477376.1| CG4585-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] dbj|BAA32689....1| unnamed protein product [Drosophila melanogaster] dbj|BAA32692.1| unnamed protein product [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAF47081.1| CG4585-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAL28300.1| GH20310p [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_477376.1 0.0 98% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DMEL-02-0084 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DMEL-02-0084 ref|NP_477376.1| CG4585-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] dbj|BAA32689....1| unnamed protein product [Drosophila melanogaster] dbj|BAA32692.1| unnamed protein product [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAF47081.1| CG4585-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAL28300.1| GH20310p [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_477376.1 0.0 100% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DYAK-02-0076 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DYAK-02-0076 ref|NP_477376.1| CG4585-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] dbj|BAA32689....1| unnamed protein product [Drosophila melanogaster] dbj|BAA32692.1| unnamed protein product [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAF47081.1| CG4585-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAL28300.1| GH20310p [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_477376.1 0.0 97% ...

ORF Alignment: NC_002162 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available [imported] - ... Ureaplasma urealyticum ... Length = 313 ... Query: 8... NC_002162 gi|13357852 >1esc0 2 302 87 399 2e-29 ... ref|NP_078126.1| hypothetical protein UU292 [Ureap...lasma parvum serovar 3 str. ATCC ... 700970] gb|AAF30701.1| conserved hypothetical ... [Ureap...7 ... KINYLAIGDSITAGFNSELGWEAPGRYDPITNKISGLSFPSFIAQYINKVEPNRLASYEN 146 ... KINYLAIGDSITAGFNSELGWEAPGRYDP...ITNKISGLSFPSFIAQYINKVEPNRLASYEN Sbjct: 1 ... KINYLAIGDSITAGFNSELGWEAPGRYDPITNKISGLSFPSFIAQYINKVEPNRLASYEN 60 ...

ORF Alignment: NC_002162 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available NC_002162 gi|13358063 >1t71A 5 267 1 262 2e-78 ... ref|NP_078337.1| hypothetical protein UU500 [Ureap...lasma parvum serovar 3 str. ATCC ... 700970] gb|AAF30912.1| conserved hypothetical ... [Ureap...[imported] - ... Ureaplasma urealyticum ... Length = 262 ... Query: 1 ...ery: 121 GNSIDMKGLQTNPFESLDKIIAFNEAPIHIVDFHAETTSEKNALFLDFKSKLSLVYGTHT 180 ... ... ... GNSIDMKGLQTNPFESLDKIIAFNEAPIHIVDFHAETTSEKNALFLDFKSKLSLVYGTHT Sbjct: 121 GNSIDMKGLQTNPFESLDKIIAFNEAPIHIVD

40 CFR 86.1113-87 - Calculation and payment of penalty.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... reflect actual year-end usage of NCPs and a corrected AAF will be used to establish NCPs in future years...-1=Fraction of engines or vehicles of a subclass using NCPs in previous year (year i-1). Ai=Usage adjustment factor in year i: Ai=0.10 for i=2; Ai=0.08 for i<2. Ii=Percentage increase in overall consumer...

System Engineering Analysis of Squadron Officer College

Science.gov (United States)

2012-03-01

study identified five challenges to converting to a blended learning course. The greatest challenge is getting commitment and buy -in from senior...students thru the Army and Air Force Exchange Service (AAFES) snack bar. Managers are responsible for ensuring adequate support throughout the...Administration Function The administration function allows daily tasks to operate. SOC administration functions include providing students with

FY10 Defense Environmental Programs Annual Report to Congress

Science.gov (United States)

2011-07-01

7,412- 2019  AIR FORCE ALPENA COUNTY REGIONAL AIRPORT / MI557282890300 17 2 $6,363 $0 $862 $1,9462012 2018  FORMERLY USED DEFENSE SITES ASH FIELD...Through FY10 ($000) IRP MMRPMMRPIRP Michigan ALPENA AAF / MI59799F231100 $001 $23 ALPENA NGTR / MI59799F228900 $610 $0 ANN ARBOR NGTR / MI59799F228800

75 FR 61993 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Kwajalein Island, Marshall Islands, RMI

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-07

...This action removes the reference to the Kwajalein Tactacial Air Navigation (TACAN) System from the legal description of the Class E airspace areas for Kwajalein Island, Bucholz AAF, Marshall Islands, RMI. The U.S. Army notified the FAA that the Kwajalein TACAN was decommissioned. This action corrects the legal descriptions for the Class E airspace areas in the vicinity of the Marshall Islands.

Environmentally Benign Aircraft Anti-icing and Deicing Fluids Based on Cost Effective, Bio-based Ingredients

Science.gov (United States)

2012-09-01

xanthan gum, welan gum, or carraggenan gum.(13) Examples of particulate thickeners include lightly cross-linked polyacrylic acid. Both types of ...based formulation.(14) The currently used Type IV AAFs are believed to primarily use polyacrylic acid (PAA) polymer, stabilized by potassium ...Prescribed by ANSI-Std Z39-18 REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information

EST Table: BY929840 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available BY929840 E_EL_ovS0_01F10_R_0 10/09/28 89 %/127 aa ref|NP_477114.1| noisette [Drosop...hila melanogaster] sp|O46106.1|NOI_DROME RecName: Full=Splicing factor 3A subunit 3; AltName: Full=Protein noise...tte emb|CAA11045.1| noisette [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF51999.1| noisette [Drosophila melanogaster

EST Table: CK499375 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CK499375 rswbb0_009754.y1 11/12/09 n.h 10/09/29 88 %/124 aa ref|NP_477114.1| noiset...te [Drosophila melanogaster] sp|O46106.1|NOI_DROME RecName: Full=Splicing factor 3A subunit 3; AltName: Full=Protein noise...tte emb|CAA11045.1| noisette [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF51999.1| noisette [Drosophila mel

EST Table: BY929895 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available BY929895 E_EL_ovS0_02E03_R_0 10/09/28 70 %/178 aa ref|NP_477114.1| noisette [Drosop...hila melanogaster] sp|O46106.1|NOI_DROME RecName: Full=Splicing factor 3A subunit 3; AltName: Full=Protein noise...tte emb|CAA11045.1| noisette [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF51999.1| noisette [Drosophila melanogaster

Gene : CBRC-DMEL-06-0010 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DMEL-06-0010 X D UNKNOWN PCX_DROME 0.0 95% ref|NP_525045.2| pecanex CG3443-PB ...[Drosophila melanogaster] sp|P18490|PCX_DROME Protein pecanex gb|AAF45756.2| CG3443-PB [Drosophila melanogas...ter] 0.0 95% gnl|UG|Dm#S13283457 Drosophila melanogaster pecanex CG3443-RB (pcx), mRNA /cds=p(1,10302) /gb=N

ORF Alignment: NC_002505 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available NC_002505 gi|15641120 >1iwlA 6 181 22 197 4e-50 ... gb|AAF94266.1| outer membrane lipoproteins...|F82241 outer membrane ... lipoproteins carrier protein VC1107 [imported] ... carrier protein [Vibrio cholerae O1 ... biovar eltor str. N16961] ref|NP_230752.1| outer ... membrane lipopro...teins carrier protein [Vibrio cholerae ... O1 biovar eltor str. N16961] pir|

Defense Management: Better Guidance Needed in Selecting Operating Methods for Name-Brand, Fast-Food Restaurants

Science.gov (United States)

2001-08-01

Benefit the Direct and Indirect Methods 16 Figure Figure 1: Military Exchanges’ Food Sales for Fiscal Year 1999 6 Abbreviations AAFES Army and Air Force...military installation. As the franchisee , the exchange service builds and operates the restaurants and directly employs and trains the personnel. In...they do not routinely develop a business case analysis, which would include weighing financial benefits with other factors, when determining which

Alkaline comet assay in liver and stomach, and micronucleus assay in bone marrow, from rats treated with 2-acetylaminofluorene, azidothymidine, cisplatin, or isobutyraldehyde.

Science.gov (United States)

Kraynak, A R; Barnum, J E; Cunningham, C L; Ng, A; Ykoruk, B A; Bennet, B; Stoffregen, D; Merschman, M; Freeland, E; Galloway, S M

2015-07-01

As part of the Japanese Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods (JaCVAM) initiative international validation study of the in vivo rat alkaline comet assay (comet assay), we examined the ability of the assay to determine the genotoxicity of 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF), azidothymidine (AZT), cisplatin (CPN), and isobutyraldehyde (IBA) in liver and glandular stomach of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were given oral doses of test compound or control once daily for three days. High dose levels were approximately maximum tolerated doses and were based on preliminary range-finding studies. Tissues were harvested 3h after the final dose (48h after the initial dose). A bone marrow micronucleus assay (MN) was also conducted on the rats treated with AZT, CPN, and IBA. Acute toxic effects of treatment were determined primarily through histomorphologic analysis of liver and stomach but also by body weight and serum liver enzyme changes. The comet assay was conducted on fresh tissue preparations but frozen samples from two studies were also assayed. Statistically significant dose-related differences in comet % DNA in tail were found in liver and stomach for the genotoxin AZT and in liver for the genotoxin CPN, but not in liver or stomach for the non-genotoxin IBA. Statistically significant differences in % DNA in tail were measured in liver for the low and mid dose of the genotoxin AAF, but not the high dose. The comet assays of frozen liver suspensions from CPN- and AAF-treated rats yielded comparable results to the assays of fresh preparations. There were no indications of significant toxicity induced by any treatment. The micronucleus assay was positive for CPN and AZT and negative for IBA. In conclusion, the in vivo comet assay is capable of detecting genotoxic effects of a variety of chemicals and may fill an important role in the genotoxicity test battery. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Comet assay evaluation of six chemicals of known genotoxic potential in rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Hobbs, Cheryl A; Recio, Leslie; Streicker, Michael; Boyle, Molly H; Tanaka, Jin; Shiga, Atsushi; Witt, Kristine L

2015-07-01

As a part of an international validation of the in vivo rat alkaline comet assay (comet assay) initiated by the Japanese Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods (JaCVAM) we examined six chemicals for potential to induce DNA damage: 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF), N-nitrosodimethylamine (DMN), o-anisidine, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (1,2-DMH), sodium chloride, and sodium arsenite. DNA damage was evaluated in the liver and stomach of 7- to 9-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats. Of the five genotoxic carcinogens tested in our laboratory, DMN and 1,2-DMH were positive in the liver and negative in the stomach, 2-AAF and o-anisidine produced an equivocal result in liver and negative results in stomach, and sodium arsenite was negative in both liver and stomach. 1,2-DMH and DMN induced dose-related increases in hedgehogs in the same tissue (liver) that exhibited increased DNA migration. However, no cytotoxicity was indicated by the neutral diffusion assay (assessment of highly fragmented DNA) or histopathology in response to treatment with any of the tested chemicals. Therefore, the increased DNA damage resulting from exposure to DMN and 1,2-DMH was considered to represent a genotoxic response. Sodium chloride, a non-genotoxic non-carcinogen, was negative in both tissues as would be predicted. Although only two (1,2-DMH and DMN) out of five genotoxic carcinogens produced clearly positive results in the comet assay, the results obtained for o-anisidine and sodium arsenite in liver and stomach cells are consistent with the known mode of genotoxicity and tissue specificity exhibited by these carcinogens. In contrast, given the known genotoxic mode-of-action and target organ carcinogenicity of 2-AAF, it is unclear why this chemical failed to convincingly increase DNA migration in the liver. Thus, the results of the comet assay validation studies conducted in our laboratory were considered appropriate for five out of the six test chemicals. Copyright © 2015

環境財務会計: 制度会計領域における環境関連事象の取扱い

OpenAIRE

赤塚, 尚之

2008-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to review current accounting treatments for environmental issues todevelop “environmental financial accounting” by mainly referring authoritative documents issued byCICA, AAF, ICAEW, FEE, EU Recommendation, accounting standards issued by FASB and IASB (including some interpretations by EITF, IFRIC, and AICPA), and some previous articles and books related to this topic. Issues addressed in this paper are: (1)boundaries of private environmental costs, (2)definition ...

75 FR 55961 - Standard Instrument Approach Procedures, and Takeoff Minimums and Obstacle Departure Procedures...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-09-15

.../1/10 LOC RWY 8, AMDT 5A. 21-Oct-10 AZ FORT HUACHUCA/ SIERRA VISTA MUNI- 0/5486 8/30/10 TAKEOFF MINIMUMS AND OBSTACLE DP, AMDT 2. SIERRA VISTA. LIBBY AAF. 21-Oct-10 LA LAKE CHARLES..... LAKE CHARLES RGNL... LOC/DME RWY 14, AMDT 8. 21-Oct-10 LA SLIDELL SLIDELL 0/7403 8/30/10 NDB RWY 36, ORIG-D. 21-Oct-10 FL...

Compound list: acetamidofluorene [Open TG-GATEs

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available acetamidofluorene AAF 00144 ftp://ftp.biosciencedbc.jp/archive/open-tggates/LATEST/Human/in_vitro/acetam...idofluorene.Human.in_vitro.Liver.zip ftp://ftp.biosciencedbc.jp/archive/open-tggates/LATEST/Rat/in_vitro/acetam...ATEST/Rat/in_vivo/Liver/Single/acetamidofluorene.Rat.in_vivo.Liver.Single.zip ftp...://ftp.biosciencedbc.jp/archive/open-tggates/LATEST/Rat/in_vivo/Liver/Repeat/acetamidofluorene.Rat.in_vivo.Liver.Repeat.zip ...

ORF Alignment: NC_002162 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available NC_002162 gi|13357567 >1dd3A 1 106 4 99 2e-11 ... ref|NP_077841.1| ribosomal protein L7/L12 [Ureap...lasma parvum serovar 3 str. ATCC ... 700970] gb|AAF30416.1| ribosomal protein L7/L12 ... [Ureap...L12 ... pir||B82946 ribosomal protein L7/L12 UU011 [imported] - ... Ureap...XIKLVEAG 63 ... LTIEQFIAAIKEMSMLELNDLVKAIETEFGVS ... IKLVEAG Sbjct: 1 ... LTIEQFIAAIKEMSMLELNDLVKAIETEFGVSAAAPVAAAAAPVAAEAPTEVTIKLVEAG 60 ...

Adolescence and Later Life Disease Burden: Quantifying the Contribution of Adolescent Tobacco Initiation From Longitudinal Cohorts.

Science.gov (United States)

Viner, Russell M; Hargreaves, Dougal S; Motta, Janaina Vieira Dos Santos; Horta, Bernardo; Mokdad, Ali H; Patton, George

2017-08-01

Adolescence is a time of initiation of behaviors leading to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). We use tobacco to illustrate a novel method for assessing the contribution of adolescence to later burden. Data on initiation of regular smoking during adolescence (10-19 years) and current adult smoking were obtained from the 1958 British Birth Cohort, the U.S. National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), the Pelotas 1982 Birth Cohort, and the Victorian Adolescent Health Cohort Study. We estimated an "adolescent attributable fraction" (AAF) by calculating the proportion of persisting adult daily smoking initiated 155 countries using contemporary surveillance data. In the 1958 British Birth Cohort, 81.6% of daily smokers at age 50 years initiated adolescent initiation. The adjusted AAF was 69.1. Proportions of smokers initiating Adolescent Health Cohort Study; and 70.9%, 5.8%, and 56.9% in Pelotas males and 89.9%, 6.4%, and 75.9% in females. Initiation adolescent smoking initiation to adult smoking burden is high, suggesting a need to formulate and implement effective actions to reduce smoking initiation in adolescents. Similar trends in other NCD risks suggest that adolescents will be central to future efforts to control NCDs. Copyright © 2017 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

African-American Fathers’ Perspectives on Their Children’s Health Education: A Qualitative, Exploratory Study

Science.gov (United States)

Odum, Mary; Smith, Matthew Lee; McKyer, E. Lisako J.

2014-01-01

Purpose: To investigate African-American fathers’ (AAF) perceptions regarding the applicability and need for their involvement as a health connection for their children and describe how participating fathers’ behavior was affected by their attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions of their influence on their children’s health. Methods: This exploratory study gathered data via semi-structured focus groups (n = 3) and thematically analyzed it utilizing a grounded theory approach. Participants included AAF (n = 20) with a mean age of 37 years (SD 11.79), with at least one child between 6 and 18 years old. Results: Four major themes were revealed: (1) appropriate health education for participants’ children (should first and foremost be delivered by parents); (2) participants’ paternal health-related guidance approach (reactive, rather than proactive); (3) participants’ perceived influences on health-related communication with their children (gender roles, efficacy constraints); and (4) paternal definitions of health (most often associated with diet). Conclusion: Understanding AAFs’ perceived and desired role in their children’s health edification can inform initiatives that actively engage these men, and nurture their level of involvement, to promote positive health behaviors among their children; this is necessary to realize their potential to actively improve the health of their children, families, and communities. PMID:25538938

Persistence of sister chromatid exchanges and in vitro morphological transformation of Syrian hamster fetal cells by chemical and physical carcinogens

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Popescu, N.C.; Amsbaugh, S.C.; DiPaolo, J.A.

1985-01-01

The induction of neoplastic cell transformation is closely associated with DNA alterations which occur shortly after carcinogen exposure. Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) formation is a sensitive indicator of carcinogen-DNA interaction and correlates with the induction of morphological cell transformation. The persistence of lesions generating SCE produced by chemical and physical carcinogens and its relevance to the induction of morphologic transformation was evaluated in coordinated experiments with cultured Syrian hamster fetal cells (HFC). Exponentially growing HFC were exposed for 1 h to benzo[a]pyrene (BP), methyl-methanesulfonate (MMS), cis-platinum (II) diaminedichloride (cis Pt II), N-methyl-N'-nitrosourea (MNU), mitomycin C (MMC), N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), N-acetoxy-2-fluorenyl-acetamide (AcAAF) or u.v. light irradiated. SCE analysis demonstrates that for a period of 48 h after carcinogen exposure, during which time the cells undergo at least four replicative cycles, DNA damage generating SCE induced by all chemical carcinogens either persisted or was partially removed, whereas u.v.-induced lesions were completely removed. An elevated SCE frequency persisted after two additional cell cycles after treatment with BP, AcAAF or MMC without increased cell lethality as compared to other carcinogens whose lesions were completely eliminated during the same period

Impact of the telephone assistive device (TAD) on stuttering severity while speaking on the telephone.

Science.gov (United States)

Chambers, Nola

2009-01-01

There is extensive experimental evidence that altered auditory feedback (AAF) can have a clinically significant effect on the severity of speech symptoms in people who stutter. However, there is less evidence regarding whether these experimental effects can be observed in naturalistic everyday settings particularly when using the telephone. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the Telephone Assistive Device (TAD), which is designed to provide AAF on the telephone to people who stutter, on reducing stuttering severity. Nine adults participated in a quasi-experimental study. Stuttering severity was measured first without and then with the device in participants' naturalistic settings while making and receiving telephone calls (immediate benefit). Participants were then allowed a week of repeated use of the device following which all measurements were repeated (delayed benefit). Overall, results revealed significant immediate benefits from the TAD in all call conditions. Delayed benefits in received and total calls were also significant. There was substantial individual variability in response to the TAD but none of the demographic or speech-related factors measured in the study were found to significantly impact the benefit (immediate or delayed) derived from the TAD. Results have implications for clinical decision making for adults who stutter.

Limited Surface Observations Climatic Summary (LISOCS) Bad Kreuznach AAF Germany.

Science.gov (United States)

1988-02-01

GE GE GE GE GE GE FEET I IsO 90 80 61 48 𔃾 32 24 2G 16 12 10 8 5 4 0 NO CEIL 1 33.9 35.1 37.4 40.1 40.1 4n.1 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4...93.3 93.3 93.3 93.3 93.3 93.3 93.3 GE 27001 68.6 75.1 88.1 94.9 96.1 96.6 97.2 97.2 97.4 97.4 97.4 97.4 97.4 97.4 97.4 GE Iei 1 68.6 75.1 88.1 94.9

Finthen AAF, Germany (West) Limited Surface Observations Climatic Summary (LISOCS).

Science.gov (United States)

1983-08-05

00.0 00.000.0 00.0 00.0 00.0 00.0 2! 800 62.1 76. 79. 91 9&. 98.5 99.2 99.7 99.7100.000.010o. 00. 0 0.,O 00.0 .00,0 S700 62.1 76. 79. 91.4 98. 98.5...92.6 94. 95.2 95.9 96.1 96. 96.6 97.31 97:111 97.9i B o S700 3 61. 66.6 81.1 88.3 90.0 92.6 911.5 95.3 96.0 96.1 96.5 96.7 97.3 97.5 97.9; 70 69. 61

Division and Brigade Stationing System: Installation Data Book.

Science.gov (United States)

1988-04-01

composed of 0 partly decomposed moss, leaves , and twigs, matted together with many fine rootlets. In permafrost areas, destruction of this mat...Valley desert drainage basin and only about 10 percent of the drainage leaves the reservation. Most of the runoff flows into the basin from all...and Dillingham are in the lantana-koa- haole shrub zone. Wheeler.AAF and much of Schofield Barracks are in a zone of open guava forest and shrubs

The SAC Mentality: The Origins of Strategic Air Command’s Organizational Culture, 1948-51

Science.gov (United States)

2015-04-01

following World War II left SAC in a dire predicament as it faced shortages in several critical areas. In May 1946, the AAF autho- rized the command...convictions. McMullen believed in cross-training crew members and assigning them to multiple billets to compensate for manpower short- ages. The constant...atomic outfit from the Pacific theater. According to LeMay, they cleaned the supply warehouses , stocked the parts and supplies the unit needed, and

Castles in the Far East: The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Okinawa and Japan Districts 1945-1990

Science.gov (United States)

1990-10-01

Baskin Robbins ice cream shop, florist shop, video rental and optical shop. By the summer of 1983 a four-story BEQ and two additions to the...new AAFES exchange, a $5 million GOJ project, began in March 1987. Its 49,000 square feet hold the main retail store, a convenience store, Baskins ... Robbins , Burger King, Anthony’s Pizza, a merchandise processing and receiving area, unload- ing dock and administrative offices. The exchange opened its

EST Table: FS737333 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available FS737333 E_FL_bmmt_08I09_R_0 10/09/28 68 %/182 aa ref|NP_059479.1| ATP synthase F0 ...subunit 6 [Bombyx mori] gb|AAF73768.1|AF149768_12 ATPase 6 [Bombyx mori] gb|AAK85722.1| ATPase subunit 6 [Bo....1| ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [Bombyx mori] gb|ADE18460.1| ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [Bombyx mori] gb|ADE18473

Audiometria de altas frequências no diagnóstico complementar em audiologia: uma revisão da literatura nacional High-frequency audiometry in audiological complementary diagnosis: a revision of the national literature

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karlin Fabianne Klagenberg

2011-03-01

Full Text Available A audiometria de altas frequências (AAF é um exame audiológico importante na detecção precoce de perdas auditivas por lesões na base do ducto coclear. Nos últimos anos, a sua utilização foi facilitada pelo fato de os audiômetros comercializados passarem a incorporar frequências superiores a 8 kHz. Porém, existem diferenças relacionadas aos equipamentos utilizados, às metodologias empregadas e/ou aos resultados e interpretação. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo foi analisar a produção científica nacional sobre a aplicação clínica com AAF, para compreender sua utilização atual. Foram pesquisados textos publicados e indexados nas bases de dados LILACS, SciELO e Medline, num período de tempo de dez anos, utilizando como descritor "audiometria de altas frequências/high-frequency audiometry". Encontraram-se 24 artigos científicos nacionais utilizando AAF, cuja população avaliada, em sua maioria, apresentava de 18 a 50 anos de idade; 13 dos estudos determinaram os limiares utilizando como referência decibel nível de audição (dBNA; alguns estudos realizaram a comparação dos limiares auditivos tonais entre grupos para definir a normalidade; os autores relataram diferenças significativas nos limiares auditivos de altas frequências entre as idades. A AAF é utilizada na clínica audiológica para identificação precoce de alterações auditivas e no acompanhamento da audição de sujeitos expostos a drogas ototóxicas e/ou agentes otoagressores.High-frequency audiometry (HFA is an important audiological test for early detection of hearing losses caused by leasions in the base of the cochlear duct. In recent years, its use was facilitated because audiometers began to identify frequencies higher than 8 kHz. However, there are differences related to the equipment used, the methodologies followed, and/or to the results and their interpretation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the national scientific production

The USAF Scientific Advisory Board: Its First Twenty Years. 1944-1964

Science.gov (United States)

1967-02-01

Academy advisory committee gainfully employed ."’ However, he subsequently dropped the project, informing Putt in October 1960 that "the establish...factories in rr-y-S-’’.^’- Switzerland and Bavaria.*12 Many significant developments in American aviation had their genesis in SAG proposals submitted...Johnson put the matter even more strongly to General LeMay, noting that the AAF had to decide soon how it was going to handle and employ the SAB or

Airpower’s Role in Homeland Defense: A Western Hemisphere Perspective

Science.gov (United States)

2002-06-01

remain concerning airpower’s contribution to homeland defense. This thesis is neither about how to tactically solve the goalie CAP gameplan over the...Francisco to solve liaison issues between AAF units and the Navy. Aircraft were rushed to the West Coast as Lend-Lease planes were pulled off East...detect and interrogate aircraft over land out to 200 NM with a nine-hour endurance. These are usually based at Curacao, but have been pulled back since

Bilimsel Toplantı Duyuruları

OpenAIRE

Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği ATUD

2005-01-01

57th American Academy of Forensic Science Annual Meeting February 21-26 2005. New Orleans, Louisiana, TX, USA. Further Information: Nancy J. Jackson, Director of Administration AAFS, P.O. Box 669, Colorado Springs, CO 80901-0669, USA. Phone: 1-719-6361100; Fax:1-719-6361993 94th Annual Meeting United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology February 26-March 4, 2005. San Antonio, TX, USA Further information: United States andCanadianAcademy of Pathology, 3643Wa...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-ATHA-03-0002 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-ATHA-03-0002 ref|NP_186955.1| CSLD3 (CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE 3); cellulose syn...thase/ transferase, transferring glycosyl groups [Arabidopsis thaliana] gb|AAF26119.1|AC012328_22 putative cellulose... synthase catalytic subunit [Arabidopsis thaliana] gb|AAG60543.1|AF232907_1 cellulose synthase-like ...CSLD3 [Arabidopsis thaliana] gb|AAK25890.1|AF360180_1 putative cellulose synthase... catalytic subunit [Arabidopsis thaliana] gb|AAK64073.1| putative cellulose synthase catalytic subunit [Arab

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-OSAT-10-0021 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-OSAT-10-0021 ref|NP_186955.1| CSLD3 (CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE 3); cellulose syn...thase/ transferase, transferring glycosyl groups [Arabidopsis thaliana] gb|AAF26119.1|AC012328_22 putative cellulose... synthase catalytic subunit [Arabidopsis thaliana] gb|AAG60543.1|AF232907_1 cellulose synthase-like ...CSLD3 [Arabidopsis thaliana] gb|AAK25890.1|AF360180_1 putative cellulose synthase... catalytic subunit [Arabidopsis thaliana] gb|AAK64073.1| putative cellulose synthase catalytic subunit [Arab

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-OSAT-12-0025 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-OSAT-12-0025 ref|NP_186955.1| CSLD3 (CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE 3); cellulose syn...thase/ transferase, transferring glycosyl groups [Arabidopsis thaliana] gb|AAF26119.1|AC012328_22 putative cellulose... synthase catalytic subunit [Arabidopsis thaliana] gb|AAG60543.1|AF232907_1 cellulose synthase-like ...CSLD3 [Arabidopsis thaliana] gb|AAK25890.1|AF360180_1 putative cellulose synthase... catalytic subunit [Arabidopsis thaliana] gb|AAK64073.1| putative cellulose synthase catalytic subunit [Arab

Comparison of clastogen-induced gene expression profiles in wild-type and DNA repair-deficient Rad54/Rad54B cells

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

van Benthem Jan

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Previously we found that Rad54/Rad54B cells are more sensitive towards mitomycin C (MMC as compared to wild-type (WT cells. This difference in sensitivity was absent upon exposure to other clastogens like bleomycin (BLM and γ-radiation. In order to get further insight into possible underlying mechanisms, gene expression changes in WT and Rad54/Rad54B MEFs (mouse embryonic fibroblasts after exposure to the clastogens MMC and BLM were investigated. Exposures of these cells to mutagens (N-ac-AAF and ENU and vehicle were taken as controls. Results Most exposures resulted in an induction of DNA damage signaling and apoptosis genes and a reduced expression of cell division genes in cells of both genotypes. As expected, responses to N-ac-AAF were very similar in both genotypes. ENU exposure did not lead to significant gene expression changes in cells of both genotypes, presumably due to its short half-life. Gene expression responses to clastogens, however, showed a genotype-dependent effect for BLM and MMC. MMC treated Rad54/Rad54B MEFs showed no induction of p53-signaling, DNA damage response and apoptosis as seen for all the other treatments. Conclusion These data support our finding that different types of clastogens exist and that responses to these types depend on the DNA repair status of the cells.

Doping control analysis at the Rio 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games.

Science.gov (United States)

Pereira, Henrique Marcelo Gualberto; Sardela, Vinicius Figueiredo; Padilha, Monica Costa; Mirotti, Luciana; Casilli, Alessandro; de Oliveira, Fabio Azamor; de Albuquerque Cavalcanti, Gustavo; Rodrigues, Lucas Martins Lisandro; de Araujo, Amanda Lessa Dutra; Levy, Rachel Santos; Teixeira, Pedro Antonio Castelo; de Oliveira, Felipe Alves Gomes; Duarte, Ana Carolina Giordani; Carneiro, Ana Carolina Dudenhoeffer; Evaristo, Joseph Albert Medeiros; Dos Santos, Gustavo Ramalho Cardoso; da Costa, Giovanni Carlo Verissimo; de Lima Castro, Fernando; Nogueira, Fabio Cesar Sousa; Scalco, Fernanda Bertão; Pizzatti, Luciana; de Aquino Neto, Francisco Radler

2017-11-01

This paper summarises the results obtained from the doping control analyses performed during the Summer XXXI Olympic Games (August 3-21, 2016) and the XV Paralympic Games (September 7-18, 2016). The analyses of all doping control samples were performed at the Brazilian Doping Control Laboratory (LBCD), a World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)-accredited laboratory located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A new facility at Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UFRJ) was built and fully operated by over 700 professionals, including Brazilian and international scientists, administrative staff, and volunteers. For the Olympic Games, 4913 samples were analysed. In 29 specimens, the presence of a prohibited substance was confirmed, resulting in adverse analytical findings (AAFs). For the Paralympic Games, 1687 samples were analysed, 12 of which were reported as AAFs. For both events, 82.8% of the samples were urine, and 17.2% were blood samples. In total, more than 31 000 analytical procedures were conducted. New WADA technical documents were fully implemented; consequently, state-of-the-art analytical toxicology instrumentation and strategies were applied during the Games, including different types of mass spectrometry (MS) analysers, peptide, and protein detection strategies, endogenous steroid profile measurements, and blood analysis. This enormous investment yielded one of the largest Olympic legacies in Brazil and South America. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Production and characterization of alien chromosome additions in shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) carrying extra chromosome(s) of Japanese bunching onion (A. fistulosum L.)

OpenAIRE

Hang, Tran Thi Minh; Shigyo, Masayoshi; Yamauchi, Naoki; Tashiro, Yosuke

2004-01-01

First and second backcrosses of amphidiploid hybrids (2n = 4x = 32, genomes AAFF) between shallot (Allium cepa Aggregatum group) and A. fistulosum were conducted to produce A. cepa - A. fistulosum alien addition lines. When shallot (A. cepa Aggregatum group) was used as a pollinator, the amphidiploids and allotriploids set germinable BC1 and BC2 seeds, respectively. The 237 BC1 plants mainly consisted of 170 allotriploids (2n = 3x = 24, AAF) and 42 hypo-allotriploids possessing 23 chromosomes...

ORF Alignment: NC_002505 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available NC_002505 gi|15640861 >1bxwA 8 146 21 199 4e-04 ... gb|AAF94007.1| accessory colonization... factor AcfA [Vibrio cholerae O1 biovar eltor ... str. N16961] ref|NP_230492.1| accessory colonization... ... factor AcfA [Vibrio cholerae O1 biovar eltor str. ... N16961] gb|AAK20801.1| accessory colonization... factor ... AcfA [Vibrio cholerae] gb|AAK20771.1| accessory ... colonization... factor AcfA [Vibrio cholerae] pir||JC4087 ... accessory colonization factor

Comparison of different initiation protocols in the resistant hepatocyte model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Espandiari, Parvaneh; Robertson, Larry W.; Srinivasan, Cidambi; Glauert, Howard P.

2005-01-01

Several models in rat liver have been developed to study multistage carcinogenesis, including the Solt-Farber resistant hepatocyte model. In this model, initiation consists of either a necrogenic dose of a hepatocarcinogen or a non-necrogenic dose in conjunction with partial hepatectomy (PH). As an alternative to PH, we investigated two different procedures: fasting for 96 h followed by refeeding, or the use of one-day-old neonates. Male Fisher 344 rats were injected p.o. with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) (0, 20, or 100 mg/kg) 24 h after refeeding or PH (controls received DEN alone with no proliferative stimulus). For the neonatal group, male and female Fisher 344 rats were treated with DEN (0 or 20 mg/kg, i.p.) at one day of age. All initiated animals were treated at the same age (11 weeks) with the following selection agents: three daily doses of 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) (30 mg/kg), followed by a single dose of carbon tetrachloride (2 ml/kg), followed by three additional daily treatments of AAF (30 mg/kg). Rats were euthanized 2 weeks after the last AAF injection. The PH, neonatal male, and neonatal female groups receiving DEN developed more γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)-positive foci per cubic centimeter and foci per liver as compared to untreated rats receiving the same proliferative stimulus, whereas the fasting/refeeding group and the group receiving no proliferative stimulus did not. All DEN-treated groups receiving one of the proliferative stimuli had more foci per cubic centimeter than the DEN-treated group receiving no proliferative stimulus. The volume fractions of GGT-positive foci in the PH/DEN and neonatal male/DEN groups were higher than those of both the DEN-treated group receiving no proliferative stimulus and the groups receiving the same proliferative stimulus without DEN. In neonatal females-receiving DEN, the volume fraction was not different from either neonatal females not receiving DEN or DEN-treated rats receiving no proliferative

Alcohol attributable hospitalisations and costs in Ireland, 2000-2004.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Martin, J

2011-05-01

The aim of this study was to calculate the number and costs of hospital bed-days due to alcohol use in Ireland over the five year period 2000 to 2004. Age and sex specific Irish alcohol-attributable-fractions (AAFs) were developed by combining international risk estimates with Irish consumption data where available; where not available international AAFs were used. These were applied to national datasets to count the number and costs of bed-days wholly caused and prevented by alcohol and that proportion of bed-days that were partially caused and prevented by alcohol. Between 2000 and 2004, alcohol was estimated to have caused 3,428,973 (10.3%) and prevented 529,239 (1.6%) of hospital bed-days, giving a net number of bed-days due to alcohol of 2,899,734 (8.7%). Over this period the hospital inpatient costs attributed to the negative effects of alcohol were 953,126,381 euros, the costs attributed to hospitalisations prevented were 147,968,164 euros; giving net costs of alcohol-attributed bed-days of 805,158,217 euros. Chronic conditions accounted for 3,262,408 (95%) hospital bed-days due to the harmful effects of alcohol. Conditions not wholly due to alcohol accounted for 2,297,412 (67%) hospital bed-days due to the harmful effects of alcohol. The negative impacts of alcohol were greater than previously thought and spread across the whole population.

Nuclear magnetic resonance at the picomole level of a DNA adduct.

Science.gov (United States)

Kautz, Roger; Wang, Poguang; Giese, Roger W

2013-10-21

We investigate the limit of detection for obtaining NMR data of a DNA adduct using modern microscale NMR instrumentation, once the adduct has been isolated at the picomole level. Eighty nanograms (130 pmol) of a DNA adduct standard, N-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-acetylaminofluorene 5'-monophosphate (AAF-dGMP), in 1.5 μL of D₂O with 10% methanol-d₄, in a vial, was completely picked up as a droplet suspended in a fluorocarbon liquid and loaded efficiently into a microcoil probe. This work demonstrates a practical manual method of droplet microfluidic sample loading, previously demonstrated using automated equipment, which provides a severalfold advantage over conventional flow injection. Eliminating dilution during injection and confining the sample to the observed volume produce the full theoretical mass sensitivity of a microcoil, comparable to that of a microcryo probe. With 80 ng, an NMR spectrum acquired over 40 h showed all of the resonances seen in a standard spectrum of AAF-dGMP, with a signal-to-noise ratio of at least 10, despite broadening due to previously noted effects of conformational exchange. Even with this broadening to 5 Hz, a two-dimensional total correlation spectroscopy spectrum was acquired on 1.6 μg in 18 h. This work helps to define the utility of NMR in combination with other analytical methods for the structural characterization of a small amount of a DNA adduct.

Anticuerpos antiprotrombina y resistencia adquirida a la proteína C activada en el síndrome antifosfolipídico

OpenAIRE

Muñoz Rodríguez, Francisco José

2003-01-01

El síndrome antifosfolipídico (SAF) se caracteriza clínicamente por la aparición de fenómenos trombóticos recurrentes, complicaciones obstétricas, tales como abortos o pérdidas fetales recurrentes, y trombocitopenia. Inmunológicamente se define por la presencia de los anticuerpos antifosfolipídicos (AAF), un grupo heterogéneo de autoanticuerpos que reconocen complejos constituidos por fosfolípidos de membrana y proteínas plasmáticas que actúan como cofactores. Los mejor conocidos y que ayudan...

FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) Air Traffic Activity FY 1985.

Science.gov (United States)

1985-09-30

N I TOL 79 0 0 79 0 TIFFIN OH N TOL 39 0 1 38 0 TIFTON GA N VAD 81 0 0 75 6 TINS AIRPARK TI N I AUS 1611 0 0 1611 0 T IPTON AAF FT MEADE NO " I SuI 35...Peachtree Street, N.E., Atlanta, GA 519 E. Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 30303, FTS 242-6946, Commercial 404-221-6947. 53202, FTS 362-1300, Commercial 414...AIRCRAFT HANDLED 1363320 629611 233612 339923 160174 ATLANTA GEORGIA GA DEPARTURES 925351 435018 145193 298802 46338 DOMESTIC OVERS 435850 209924 39065

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DMEL-02-0081 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DMEL-02-0081 ref|NP_611813.1| CG4019-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster] r...ef|NP_726348.1| CG4019-PB, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster] ref|NP_726349.1| CG4019-PD, isoform D [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAF47036.1| CG4019-PD, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAM68261.1| CG4019-PA, isoform A [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAM68262.1| CG4019-PB, isoform B [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAQ23523.1| RH68439p [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_611813.1 2e-45 50% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DSIM-02-0032 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DSIM-02-0032 ref|NP_610712.1| CG13189-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAM11370....1| LD29234p [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF58606.2| CG13189-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] emb|CAL26844.1| CG13189 [Drosophila mela...nogaster] emb|CAL26845.1| CG13189 [Drosophila melanogaster] emb|CAL26846.1| CG13189 [Drosophila mela...nogaster] emb|CAL26847.1| CG13189 [Drosophila melanogaster] emb|CA...L26848.1| CG13189 [Drosophila melanogaster] emb|CAL26849.1| CG13189 [Drosophila melanogaster] emb|CAL26850.1| CG13189 [Drosophila mel

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-AGAM-02-0120 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-AGAM-02-0120 ref|NP_610940.1| CG8468-PB, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster] r...ef|NP_725367.1| CG8468-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster] ref|NP_725368.1| CG8468-PC, isoform C [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAF58276.1| CG8468-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAL29174.1| SD10469p [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAM70991.1| CG8468-PB, isoform B [Drosophila melanogast...er] gb|AAM70992.1| CG8468-PC, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_610940.1 1e-137 49% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-AGAM-03-0089 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-AGAM-03-0089 ref|NP_610301.1| CG1358-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster] r...ef|NP_724584.1| CG1358-PB, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster] ref|NP_724585.1| CG1358-PC, isoform C [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAF59224.1| CG1358-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAL39287.1| GH15861p [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAM71101.1| CG1358-PB, isoform B [Drosophila melanogast...er] gb|AAM71102.1| CG1358-PC, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_610301.1 5e-79 44% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DYAK-02-0031 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DYAK-02-0031 ref|NP_610712.1| CG13189-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAM11370....1| LD29234p [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF58606.2| CG13189-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] emb|CAL26844.1| CG13189 [Drosophila mela...nogaster] emb|CAL26845.1| CG13189 [Drosophila melanogaster] emb|CAL26846.1| CG13189 [Drosophila mela...nogaster] emb|CAL26847.1| CG13189 [Drosophila melanogaster] emb|CA...L26848.1| CG13189 [Drosophila melanogaster] emb|CAL26849.1| CG13189 [Drosophila melanogaster] emb|CAL26850.1| CG13189 [Drosophila mel

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DMEL-02-0033 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DMEL-02-0033 ref|NP_610712.1| CG13189-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAM11370....1| LD29234p [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAF58606.2| CG13189-PA [Drosophila melanogaster] emb|CAL26844.1| CG13189 [Drosophila mela...nogaster] emb|CAL26845.1| CG13189 [Drosophila melanogaster] emb|CAL26846.1| CG13189 [Drosophila mela...nogaster] emb|CAL26847.1| CG13189 [Drosophila melanogaster] emb|CA...L26848.1| CG13189 [Drosophila melanogaster] emb|CAL26849.1| CG13189 [Drosophila melanogaster] emb|CAL26850.1| CG13189 [Drosophila mel

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-AGAM-01-0048 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-AGAM-01-0048 ref|NP_649313.1| CG6049-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster] r...ef|NP_730628.1| CG6049-PB, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster] ref|NP_730629.1| CG6049-PC, isoform C [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAF51719.1| CG6049-PB, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAL28893.1| LD27763p [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAN12166.1| CG6049-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogast...er] gb|AAN12167.1| CG6049-PC, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_649313.1 1e-110 40% ...

Hunter AAF, Savannah, Georgia. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO)

Science.gov (United States)

1970-11-18

thisar sunlay he violins hease les Ohe 0/3 mr~P~ ile.d" F03 rnOS T IIN hwtepretaeo asrte hnpr cent~e f oseratins.Sine mre tan ne ypeof recpittio or...98.1%. EXAME # 2 Read visibilxtiez ir’e~endently (.f ceilings on bottom line opposite > 0. Frsom the table: Visiblilty > 3 miles a 95.~ Vizibility >2

Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO) Schwaebisch Hall AAF, DL

Science.gov (United States)

1979-08-17

1_____ N0. E8 2’ II IQ 1C ld ’ 20.641 N ,2.. 0, 6, zo*6o! 1696 1. 74- 2 3-# 26.!; 27. 2’. z F;’ A as aR1Z.. Iso - 2 - _____,_ f 16, c 8.A232 31 2 1.2 7...7 . 171 : -970004.Sj 5. 2 5. 7 .7.7 45. iso 7.21 75. 7692 7 7 1 7 7*.6, 7* 7 77 17 77 7 77. 7 77 7 77. 1𔄁 1 7 7 ,1 -t.. 7 7 0 78.? 8u., o .7 - . 7...971 797 0 -09 000 070 YZ 12o -1- 9 D . 424iZ -4.2 74.2 4. 2 7.2 27000 68.5 01 #__ A%7~ 7. 7 . 3 7 * 50M1 02752 _7_786 _0;9 810 2.21 82.4 8t.4’ 8.41

Separate and Unequal: Race Relations in the AAF During World War 2

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Osur, Alan M

2000-01-01

.... In analyzing racial policy as it was implemented throughout the chain of command, there are a number of themes relevant for an understanding of the utilization of African Americans during the war...

Alcohol and homicide in Russia and the United States: a comparative analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Landberg, Jonas; Norström, Thor

2011-09-01

The object of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of the aggregate relationship between alcohol and homicide in Russia and in the United States. The comparison was based on the magnitude of the alcohol effect, the alcohol attributable fraction (AAF), and the degree to which total consumption could account for trends in homicide. We analyzed total and sex-specific homicide rates for the age groups 15-64 years, 15-34 years, and 35-64 years. The study period was 1959-1998 for Russia and 1950-2002 for the United States. For the United States, alcohol consumption was gauged by sales of alcohol; for Russia, estimated unrecorded consumption was included as well. The data were analyzed through autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) modeling. The results show that, for Russia as well as for the United States, a 1-L increase in consumption was associated with an increase in homicides of about 10%, although the absolute effect was markedly larger in Russia because of differences in homicide rates. The AAF estimates suggested that 73% and 57% of the homicides would be attributable to alcohol in Russia and in the United States, respectively. Most of the temporal variation in the Russian homicide rate could be accounted for by the trend in drinking, whereas the U.S. trend in total alcohol consumption had a more limited ability to predict the trend in homicides. We conclude that the role of alcohol in homicide seems to be larger in Russia than in the United States.

Microfinance, wage employment and housework: a gender analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Khan, M R

1999-08-01

This paper examines the loan-use pattern of women involved in wage employment and their benefits from such loans in Bangladesh. The effects of wage employment on gender relations and how these women balance loan use, wage employment, and housework were also explored. The study was conducted among women enrolled in the Ayesha Abed Foundation (AAF) of the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC) in Jamalpur district, central Bangladesh. The AAF was established to generate employment and income for poor rural women. Data were gathered through survey, interviews, and focus-group discussions. Findings revealed that women wage earners avail themselves of the BRAC loans for consumption, asset accumulation, land purchase, and other productive purposes. About 53% of their loans were used by others and only 34 out of 341 women in the sample actually used the loans themselves. The loans were repaid by sewing or subsistence work, mainly in the subcenters (52%), through income from rickshaw pulling by their husbands (24%), and by selling vegetables, eggs, or milk. Furthermore, findings showed that the household work of women wage earners is generally taken up by other women in the family and has resulted in more men taking part in household responsibilities. In conclusion, wage employment plays an important factor in the promotion of the economic and social empowerment of women. Economic empowerment is observed in the greater degree of control women have over the money they earn. Social empowerment is manifested in the expanding mobility of women, whereby they are able to interact with other women and generate support systems.

High-frequency audiometry in audiological complementary diagnosis: a revision of the national literature

OpenAIRE

Klagenberg, Karlin Fabianne; Oliva, Flávia Cardoso; Gonçalves, Cláudia Giglio de Oliveira; Lacerda, Adriana Bender Moreira; Garofani, Vanessa Gregorczyk; Zeigelboim, Bianca Simone

2011-01-01

A audiometria de altas frequências (AAF) é um exame audiológico importante na detecção precoce de perdas auditivas por lesões na base do ducto coclear. Nos últimos anos, a sua utilização foi facilitada pelo fato de os audiômetros comercializados passarem a incorporar frequências superiores a 8 kHz. Porém, existem diferenças relacionadas aos equipamentos utilizados, às metodologias empregadas e/ou aos resultados e interpretação. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo foi analisar a produção científica...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DYAK-06-0016 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DYAK-06-0016 ref|NP_572183.1| CG6986-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster] r...ef|NP_726950.1| CG6986-PB, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster] ref|NP_001014723.1| CG6986-PD, isoform D [Drosophila mela...nogaster] ref|NP_001014724.1| CG6986-PC, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAM75074.1| RE56254p [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAF45980.2| CG6986-PA, isoform A [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAN09130.1| CG6986-PB, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAX52477.1| CG6986-PC, isoform C [Drosophila mela

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DSIM-08-0021 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DSIM-08-0021 ref|NP_572183.1| CG6986-PA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster] r...ef|NP_726950.1| CG6986-PB, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster] ref|NP_001014723.1| CG6986-PD, isoform D [Drosophila mela...nogaster] ref|NP_001014724.1| CG6986-PC, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAM75074.1| RE56254p [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAF45980.2| CG6986-PA, isoform A [Drosophila mela...nogaster] gb|AAN09130.1| CG6986-PB, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster] gb|AAX52477.1| CG6986-PC, isoform C [Drosophila mela

Structure of the gravitational field at spatial infinity. II. Asymptotically Minkowskian space--times

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Persides, S.

1980-01-01

A new formulation is established for the study of the asymptotic structure at spatial infinity of asymptotically Minkowskian space--times. First, the concept of an asymptotically simple space--time at spatial infinity is defined. This is a (physical) space--time (M,g) which can be imbedded in an unphysical space--time (M,g) with a boundary S, a C/sup infinity/ metric g and a C/sup infinity/ scalar field Ω such that Ω=0 on S, Ω>0 on M-S, and g/sup munu/ + g/sup mulambda/ g/sup nurho/ Ω/sub vertical-barlambda/ Ω/sub vertical-barrho/=Ω -2 g/sup murho/ +Ω -4 g/sup mulambda/ g/sup nurho/ Ω/sub ;/lambda Ω/sub ;/rho on M. Then an almost asymptotically flat space--time (AAFS) is defined as an asymptotically simple space--time for which S is isometric to the unit timelike hyperboloid and g/sup munu/ Ω/sub vertical-barmu/ Ω/sub vertical-barnu/ =Ω -4 g/sup munu/ Ω/sub ;/μΩ/sub ;/ν=-1 on S. Equivalent definitions are given in terms of the existence of coordinate systems in which g/sub munu/ or g/sub munu/ have simple explicitly given forms. The group of asymptotic symmetries of (M,g) is studied and is found to be isomorphic to the Lorentz group. The asymptotic behavior of an AAFS is studied. It is proven that the conformal metric g/sub munu/=Ω 2 g/sub munu/ gives C/sup lambdamurhonu/=0, Ω -1 C/sup lambdamurhonu/ Ω/sub ;/μ =0, Ω -2 C/sup lambdamurhonu/ Ω/sub ;/μ Ω/sub ;/ν=0 on S

PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF VITAMIN E ADJUVANTED OIL EMULSIFIED INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS EXPERIMENTAL VACCINE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S. ALI, M. ARSHAD, M. SIDDIQUE AND M. ASHRAF

2007-10-01

Full Text Available The present study was conducted to prepare oil emulsified (OE infectious bronchitis (IB experimental vaccines. The vaccines were prepared using the vaccinal strain H-120 Infectious Bonchitis virus (IBV. The virus was cultivated in 9-day old embryonated eggs via allantoic cavity route. Allantoic-amniotic fluid (AAF was collected and inactivated with formalin @ 0.12%. Water in oil emulsion was prepared by adding one part of AAF to four parts of mineral oil containing water phase (Tween 80 and oil phase (Span 80 surfactants. Hydrophile lypohile balance (HLB of the emulsion was maintained at 7.0. Two oil emulsified experimental vaccines were prepared. Vaccine-I was prepared without vitamin E and Vaccine-II with vitamin E (300 mg/ml. A total of 120 day-old broiler breeder chickens were divided into 4 groups, A, B, C, and D, each having 30 birds. At the age of 21 days, experimental Vaccine-I, experimental vaccine-II and commercial IB killed (H-120 vaccine were inoculated @ 0.5 ml in the birds of groups A, B and C, respectively. Group D was maintained as nonvaccinated control. Efficacy of the vaccines was evaluated on the basis of humoral immune response (haemagglutination inhibition antibody titres against IB in the four groups. The seven weeks cumulative mean antibody titres (CMT of each group were calculated. The highest CMT was observed in group B (130, followed by group C (69, group A (58 and group D (17. Statistical analysis showed that haemagglutination inhibition (HI antibody titres in group B (vaccine- II were significantly higher than those of groups A, B and C (P< 0.05.

Chemically induced immunotoxicity in a medium-term multiorgan bioassay for carcinogenesis with Wistar rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spinardi-Barbisan, Ana Lucia Tozzi; Kaneno, Ramon; Barbisan, Luis Fernando; Viana de Camargo, Joao Lauro; Rodrigues, Maria Aparecida Marchesan

2004-01-01

A variety of chemicals can adversely affect the immune system and influence tumor development. The modifying potential of chemical carcinogens on the lymphoid organs and cytokine production of rats submitted to a medium-term initiation-promotion bioassay for carcinogenesis was investigated. Male Wistar rats were sequentially initiated with N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN), N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU), N-butyl-N-(4hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN), dihydroxy-di-n-propylnitrosamine (DHPN), and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) during 4 weeks. Two initiated groups received phenobarbital (PB) or 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) for 25 weeks and two noninitiated groups received only PB or 2-AAF. A nontreated group was used as control. Lymphohematopoietic organs, liver, kidneys, lung, intestines, and Zymbal's gland were removed for histological analysis. Interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-10, and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) levels were determined by ELISA in spleen cell culture supernatants. At the fourth week, exposure to the initiating carcinogens resulted in cell depletion of the thymus, spleen and bone marrow, and impairment of IL-2, IL-12, and IFN-γ production. However, at the 30th week, no important alterations were observed both in lymphoid organs and cytokine production in the different groups. The results indicate that the initiating carcinogens used in the present protocol exert toxic effects on the lymphoid organs and affect the production of cytokines at the initiation step of carcinogenesis. This early and reversible depression of the immune surveillance may contribute to the survival of initiated cells facilitating the development of future neoplasia

AAFE man-made noise experiment project. Volume 1: Introduction experiment definition and requirements

Science.gov (United States)

1974-01-01

An experiment was conducted to measure and map the man-made radio frequency emanations which exist at earth orbital altitudes. The major objectives of the program are to develop a complete conceptual experiment and developmental hardware for the collection and processing of data required to produce meaningful statistics on man-made noise level variations as functions of time, frequency, and geographic location. A wide dispersion measurement receiver mounted in a spacecraft operating in a specialized orbit is used to obtain the data. A summary of the experiment designs goals and constraints is provided. The recommended orbit for the spacecraft is defined. The characteristics of the receiver and the antennas are analyzed.

Fort Campbell AAF, Clarksville, Kentucky. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO)

Science.gov (United States)

1975-07-10

3.1 1 1~ p) 2.6l 67 l 7 .7i .,o p 5,,1 29t,9 ,.4 .96 11 ,n1 l53 5.64 68, 0 1 7 , B .2 IAN 6 614 .69 ,e ,8 6,.9 3.8 , ( "/92 21 ,. 14, Ŗ,9 ,2 1. .9 . 9...61 0-14.5 (OL Al 1,tv."V$ ID~CNS 0 Tos ’Of. All oISsoL. .. ( DATA P"..C_. ’, td . Ch CI USAF ETAC CEILING VERSUS VISIBILITY L AIR ’lEAT-HE, SE’,VIC...99 8100,0100 0100-0100.01 7OTAL NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS 2411 USAF ETAC Xr A,. 0-14-5 (OL A) m.fVr,.s 1W0T O FIO S FORM At( Oj$O.,tE - tD 5- -, A,4 4 5

Environmental Assessment: Construct New AAFES Shopping Center Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina

Science.gov (United States)

2008-10-01

water supply after conventional treatment, fishing and the survival and propagation of a balanced indigenous aquatic community of flora and fauna. No...arrow-head West Indian meadow-beauty Wild petunia Amphibians Northern cricket frog Reptiles Eastern coral snake Mammals Rafinesque’s big-eared

Grafenwohr AAF, Germany. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations. Parts A-F.

Science.gov (United States)

1987-10-01

76.4 78.2 582 2553 1 29.7 37.8 54.4 62.3 64.7 68.2 73.7 74.2 76.4 76.4 76.6 76.9 77,6 78.2 85.5 6 E 27001 70. 5 J.2_ Sb_ O 64.4 66.9 70.6 76.3 76.8 79.1...G1 bt GF GE GE bE GL Gr 6E GE iE GE GL (E GL GE r(ET I ISO 9 86 -6 98 4L 32 29 20 16 12 lI 8 s 4 C

FT Stewart AAF, Savannah, Georgia. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO)

Science.gov (United States)

1979-04-18

8 3.5194.:2 96. 9 e , 8.4 98 98 ,9 981 989 98.99 9819 98. S700 67.01 88*91 93,5’ 94*4 97,01 97:61 98.9 98 91 9)8 9 99.5 99*5 9995 99.5 99051 9 9 j,5...91.6 92.6192.6 93,.3 94.1 C 33.1 54.3 71.4 77.5 8697 87.4 89.9 90.7 90Q±9 9 196 92*0 92 93.1 93.1 93.9 94. S700 33.1 54. 171,6 77.9 87,4 88.2 9o*7...940𔃾 9 5:O 95931 95.3 95.6 95.6 95.6 95.6 95.6 95.6 95.6 S700 54.2 78.0 88.9 92.2 9500 95.8 9604 96.8 96.9 97.4 97.4 97.41 97.4 97.4 97.4 97.4 S54.21

Radical proposal for the treatment of malignant astrocytoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Karlsson, U.; Black, P.; Nair, S.; Yablon, J.S.; Brady, L.W.

1991-01-01

The traditional treatment for anaplastic astrocytoma (AAF) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) leads to local relapse. The recurring element is assumed to be previously radioresistant, reorganizing hypoxic cells that require up to three times the traditional photon irradiation dose for inactivation. We are proposing to coagulate the original lesion with high-dose precision brachytherapy, immediately followed by resection to save the patient from secondary effects of the necrotic region. The treatment then continues with adjuvant external beam radiation therapy to the local surrounding brain and concomitant chemotherapy. The approach inverts the traditional regimen. It has the virtue of being precise, avoiding secondary effects of the necrotic tumor, and satisfying accepted radiobiological principles

Fluctuation phenomena for dissipative processes in 19 F + 27 Al system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

BerceanuI, I.; Andronic, A.; Duma, M.; Moisa, D.; Petrovici, M.; Pop, A.; Simion, V.; Del Zoppo, A.; D'Erasmo, G.; Imme, G.; Lanzano, G.; Pagano, A.; Raciti, G.; Pantaleo, A.

2000-01-01

Non-statistical fluctuations in the excitation functions (EF) of dissipative heavy ion collisions (DHIC) were rather unexpected, the cross sections being always obtained on a 'coarse cell' of total kinetic energy and center of mass angle (θ cm ). Since the experimental fluctuations in the EF for DHIC have been evidenced, the time evolution of dinuclear system (DNS) with different mass asymmetries and total mass ≤108 has been investigated only by statistical analysis. Although many theoretical interpretations of excitation function fluctuations ground their assumptions on the observed large angular correlation, the experimental angular correlation data are rather scarce. We already reported preliminary results concerning angular correlation for DHIC in the 19 F + 27 Al interaction. In the present work the angular correlation analysis was realized for E lab = 116.75 - 129.75 MeV with a 2 angle binning in the angular distributions and total kinetic energy loss (TKEL) windows of 20±2.5, 30±2.5 and 40±2.5 MeV. Pronounced oscillations in the angular distributions, at some incident energies, were observed. These oscillations are nicely evidenced in the autocorrelation angular functions (AAF) as determined for fragments with atomic number Z = 8 at an incident energy 124.75 MeV. A decreasing number of the oscillations with increasing TKEL value could be observed. The AAFs were calculated using for the average cross section the value obtained from the fit of the angular distributions with formula: sigma/dθ cm ∝ [exp(-θ cm /ω·τ) + exp(-(2π-θ cm )/ω·τ)], where ω and τ are the angular velocity and lifetime of DNS, respectively. The moving Gaussian procedure was used for calculating the angular cross correlation coefficients C(θ,θ') for the energy averaged cross section . The results are presented. Large values for C(θ,θ') with an oscillating pattern were obtained for all studied fragments (Z = 6-8, 10). An increasing trend of C(θ,θ') values with TKEL

Knowledge about Sounds – Context-Specific Meaning Differently Activates Cortical Hemispheres, Auditory Cortical Fields and Layers in House Mice

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diana B. Geissler

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Activation of the auditory cortex (AC by a given sound pattern is plastic, depending, in largely unknown ways, on the physiological state and the behavioral context of the receiving animal and on the receiver's experience with the sounds. Such plasticity can be inferred when house mouse mothers respond maternally to pup ultrasounds right after parturition and naïve females have to learn to respond. Here we use c-FOS immunocytochemistry to quantify highly activated neurons in the AC fields and layers of seven groups of mothers and naïve females who have different knowledge about and are differently motivated to respond to acoustic models of pup ultrasounds of different behavioral significance. Profiles of FOS-positive cells in the AC primary fields (AI, AAF, the ultrasonic field (UF, the secondary field (AII, and the dorsoposterior field (DP suggest that activation reflects in AI, AAF, and UF the integration of sound properties with animal state-dependent factors, in the higher-order field AII the news value of a given sound in the behavioral context, and in the higher-order field DP the level of maternal motivation and, by left-hemisphere activation advantage, the recognition of the meaning of sounds in the given context. Anesthesia reduced activation in all fields, especially in cortical layers 2/3. Thus, plasticity in the AC is field-specific preparing different output of AC fields in the process of perception, recognition and responding to communication sounds. Further, the activation profiles of the auditory cortical fields suggest the differentiation between brains hormonally primed to know (mothers and brains which acquired knowledge via implicit learning (naïve females. In this way, auditory cortical activation discriminates between instinctive (mothers and learned (naïve females cognition.

Immunoglobulin production is impaired in protein-deprived mice and can be restored by dietary protein supplementation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J.F. Amaral

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Most contacts with food protein and microbiota antigens occur at the level of the gut mucosa. In animal models where this natural stimulation is absent, such as germ-free and antigen-free mice, the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT and systemic immunological activities are underdeveloped. We have shown that food proteins play a critical role in the full development of the immune system. C57BL/6 mice weaned to a diet in which intact proteins are replaced by equivalent amounts of amino acids (Aa diet have a poorly developed GALT as well as low levels of serum immunoglobulins (total Ig, IgG, and IgA, but not IgM. In the present study, we evaluated whether the introduction of a protein-containing diet in 10 adult Aa-fed C57BL/6 mice could restore their immunoglobulin levels and whether this recovery was dependent on the amount of dietary protein. After the introduction of a casein-containing diet, Aa-fed mice presented a fast recovery (after 7 days of secretory IgA (from 0.33 to 0.75 mg/mL, while in casein-fed mice this value was 0.81 mg/mL and serum immunoglobulin levels (from 5.39 to 10.25 mg/mL of total Ig. Five percent dietary casein was enough to promote the restoration of secretory IgA and serum immunoglobulin levels to a normal range after 30 days feeding casein diet (as in casein-fed mice - 15% by weight of diet. These data suggest that the defect detected in the immunoglobulin levels was a reversible result of the absence of food proteins as an antigenic stimulus. They also indicate that the deleterious consequences of malnutrition at an early age for some immune functions may be restored by therapeutic intervention later in life.

Remarkable heterogeneity displayed by oval cells in rat and mouse models of stem cell-mediated liver regeneration

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jelnes, Peter; Santoni-Rugiu, Eric; Rasmussen, Morten

2007-01-01

The experimental protocols used in the investigation of stem cell-mediated liver regeneration in rodents are characterized by activation of the hepatic stem cell compartment in the canals of Hering followed by transit amplification of oval cells and their subsequent differentiation along hepatic...... the molecular phenotypes of oval cells in several of the most commonly used protocols of stem cell-mediated liver regeneration-namely, treatment with 2-acetylaminofluorene and partial (70%) hepatectomy (AAF/PHx); a choline-deficient, ethionine-supplemented (CDE) diet; a 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydro...... remarkable phenotypic discrepancies exhibited by oval cells in stem cell-mediated liver regeneration between rats and mice and underline the importance of careful extrapolation between individual species....

Hiedelberg AAF, Germany Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO) Parts A-F.

Science.gov (United States)

1981-10-05

P’EE’i 10 Z6 -5 -4 Z - -2v -->2 - . I -l ’A --. 1. 5/16 0 NO CELIN -- 14.9 16.6 17.1 19.8 20*0 21.1 21.3 21.7 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.6 22.7 22.7 22.8 >_000...99.7100.0 00.0100.0100.0 00.000.0 cOo 0o. TOTAL NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS 9 USAF "TAC ,W 64 0-14-5 (OL A) P.e .OU.. DION OF VNI FON ANN.. ...... . -r4 -A V

Mackall AAF, North Carolina Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F.

Science.gov (United States)

1985-03-01

0-14.5 10L A mU’ovs tD -> S.’t -f14 *I 40 ,~ 7CEILING VERSUS VISIBILI PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE ,FROM HOURLY OBSERVATIONS 1 _ : l .i, - L...6 7-B1 9.10 11.1213- 11lIS. 1617.18 19-20721.22 23.2425.26 27.26129-301 *3D D.B.W.B.D, BAlb W.YB. 4bD .. P+- / / -L I I... . . .. . EI. X .x. . b

Ansbach AAF, Katterback, Germany. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F

Science.gov (United States)

1974-10-29

jAUG 100,C lQoo 99.8 98,1 90,0 8)92 66,1 47,0 23.7 7605 176 ( SEP 100.0 100 9C 100,0 9903 95.1 84q9 72,6 54 331,1 79.9 020 OCT 100O 100 ’, 100.0...10’. 20’. 30% 40% 50% 60’. 70% 80% 1 90,% HUMIDITY (OBS jAUG 00ൊ "°,o 00vo 100.0 100. 100.0 100.0 96.8 9o#3 57 9 . 93! Wo65 looov 11009 1oo LI o.1

Baumholder AAF, Saarbrucken, Germany Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F

Science.gov (United States)

1972-02-07

powsht, 44 r UAIA PlOCESSING DZYVflfON EXTREME VALUES Ali ZA H*I$I sgIWtcf/1AC SAUNQUI df*kHYAAE- -- - &#A -- FROM DILtY OWV𔃺C STAMiN STAWIN NMYAR... CElLING I .--.- 4- -t------ > 1 - 2.1.1 4. . 12.4 12. . -;6Mxx: 0tl~l 3038 12. 32o2 32, 3122 12p; W2] 32;2 32,2 -.2 32 i2. ,-80 __no l. .1 ,,l ,8 I

Michales AAF, Dugway, Utah. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A - F

Science.gov (United States)

1974-03-21

Thus; 6.4 percent of the observations meet the criteria: " celling >𔃾 500 feet with visibility > 1 mile, but < 3 miles; or ceiling> 500 feet, but...EATI-E R SE ,vICE/ ACPSCRMTISU AY STAT-ON STAMIN NAME YEARS MONTH 0 PAGE Z 0300-0500 HOURS IL. S. t I Temp -T WET BULB TEMPERATURE -SION (F)TOA I TTL _3

ARM Aerial Facility ArcticShark Unmanned Aerial System

Science.gov (United States)

Schmid, B.; Hubbell, M.; Mei, F.; Carroll, P.; Mendoza, A.; Ireland, C.; Lewko, K.

2017-12-01

The TigerShark Block 3 XP-AR "ArcticShark" Unmanned Aerial System (UAS), developed and manufactured by Navmar Applied Sciences Corporation (NASC), is a single-prop, 60 hp rotary-engine platform with a wingspan of 6.5 m and Maximum Gross Takeoff Weight of 295 Kg. The ArcticShark is owned by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and has been operated by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) since March 2017. The UAS will serve as an airborne atmospheric research observatory for DOE ARM, and, once fully operational, can be requested through ARM's annual call for proposals. The Arctic Shark is anticipated to measure a wide range of radiative, aerosol, and cloud properties using a variable instrument payload weighing up to 46 Kg. SATCOM-equipped, it is capable of taking measurements up to altitudes of 5.5 Km over ranges of up to 500 Km. The ArcticShark operates at airspeeds of 30 to 40 m/s, making it capable of slow sampling. With a full fuel load, its endurance exceeds 8 hours. The aircraft and its Mobile Operations Center (MOC) have been hardened specifically for operations in colder temperatures.ArcticShark's design facilitates rapid integration of various types of payloads. 2500 W of its 4000 W electrical systems is dedicated to payload servicing. It has an interior payload volume of almost 85 L and four wing-mounted pylons capable of carrying external probes. Its payload bay volume, electrical power, payload capacity, and flight characteristics enable the ArcticShark to accommodate multiple combinations of payloads in numerous configurations. Many instruments will be provided by the ARM Aerial Facility (AAF), but other organizations may eventually propose instrumentation for specific campaigns. AAF-provided measurement capabilities will include the following atmospheric state and thermodynamics: temperature, pressure, winds; gases: H2O and CO2; up- and down-welling broadband infrared and visible radiation; surface temperature; aerosol number concentration

Aespoe Hard Rock Laboratory. Prototype Repository. Sensors data report (Period 010917-091201) Report No: 22

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goudarzi, Reza; Johannesson, Lars-Erik

2009-12-01

The Prototype Repository Test consists of two sections. The installation of the first Section of Prototype Repository was made during summer and autumn 2001 and Section 2 was installed in spring and summer 2003. This report presents data from measurements in the Prototype Repository during the period 010917-091201. The report is organized so that the actual measured results are shown in Appendix 1-10, where Appendix 8 deals with measurements of canister displacements (by AITEMIN), Appendix 9 deals with geo-electric measurements in the backfill (by GRS), Appendix 10 deals with stress and strain measurement in the rock (by AaF) and Appendix 11 deals with measurement of water pressure in the rock (by VBB/VIAK). The main report and Appendix 1-7 deal with the rest of the measurements

Deeper insights into PCBs in orcas

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dietz, Rune; Eulaers, Igor; Desforges, Jean-Pierre

2016-01-01

Having read the recent article by Jepson and Law (DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf9075) we want to emphasise the worrying nature of the fact that at present many marine apex predators, including killer whales, remain highly polluted with PCBs despite world-wide initiatives over past decades to restrict...... PCB-containing equipment by 2025 and perform environmentally sound waste management by 2028. This means nonetheless that PCBs will continue to leach into the environment over the next decade. Given present-day observed reproductive failure in several killer whale populations we must urgently reduce...... are excellent marine sentinel species, indicating that not one nation can address the persistent threat that is environmental PCB pollution. We believe the choice for international PCB mitigation is timely in order to not lose this canary in the coalmine....

Dicty_cDB: Contig-U01505-1 [Dicty_cDB

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available y1 Gm-c1004 Glycine max cDNA clone GENOME... 32 3.7 2 ( DV211690 ) 0089P0160Z_H09_T7 Mimulus guttatus library 2 Mimu...38TG Tetrahymena thermophila EST library str... 38 2.5 2 ( AC177658 ) Strongylocentrotus purpuratus clone R3...6 1.4 1 ( BG041778 ) saa41a04.y1 Gm-c1059 Glycine soja cDNA clone GENO... 46 1.4 1 ( BF645094 ) NF034E10EC1F1082 Elicited cell cultur...e Medicago t... 46 1.4 1 ( BF644741 ) NF014E01EC1F1005 Elicited cell culture Medica...a oleracea var. alboglabra EST, clone AAF... 44 5.4 1 ( CN828044 ) EL2662R Brassica embryo library (EL) Brassic

Aespoe Hard Rock Laboratory. Prototype Repository. Sensors data report (Period 010917-091201) Report No: 22

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goudarzi, Reza; Johannesson, Lars-Erik (Clay Technology AB, Lund (Sweden))

2009-12-15

The Prototype Repository Test consists of two sections. The installation of the first Section of Prototype Repository was made during summer and autumn 2001 and Section 2 was installed in spring and summer 2003. This report presents data from measurements in the Prototype Repository during the period 010917-091201. The report is organized so that the actual measured results are shown in Appendix 1-10, where Appendix 8 deals with measurements of canister displacements (by AITEMIN), Appendix 9 deals with geo-electric measurements in the backfill (by GRS), Appendix 10 deals with stress and strain measurement in the rock (by AaF) and Appendix 11 deals with measurement of water pressure in the rock (by VBB/VIAK). The main report and Appendix 1-7 deal with the rest of the measurements.

Cloud characteristics, thermodynamic controls and radiative impacts during the Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon2014/5) experiment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Giangrande, Scott E.; Feng, Zhe; Jensen, Michael P.; Comstock, Jennifer M.; Johnson, Karen L.

2017-01-01

Routine cloud, precipitation and thermodynamic observations collected by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Mobile Facility (AMF) and Aerial Facility (AAF) during the 2-year US Department of Energy (DOE) ARM Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon2014/5) campaign are summarized. These observations quantify the diurnal to large-scale thermodynamic regime controls on the clouds and precipitation over the undersampled, climatically important Amazon basin region. The extended ground deployment of cloud-profiling instrumentation enabled a unique look at multiple cloud regimes at high temporal and vertical resolution. This longer-term ground deployment, coupled with two short-term aircraft intensive observing periods, allowed new opportunities to better characterize cloud and thermodynamic observational constraints as well as cloud radiative impacts for modeling efforts within typical Amazon wet and dry seasons.

An Analysis of AAFES and Its Relevance to the Future of the Army and Air Force

Science.gov (United States)

2009-06-12

secretaries may authorize the sale of fresh meat , fresh poultry , fresh seafood, fresh fruit, and produce when no commissary store is available on the... games such as billiards and cards that became known as the Post Canteen. Food and beverages were also available at the new Post Canteen. The canteen...viands as circumstances permit, such as tea, coffee, cocoa, nonalcoholic drinks, soup, fish, cooked and canned meats , sandwiches, pastries, etc.; (c

Biggs AAF, El Paso, Texas. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F

Science.gov (United States)

1981-01-14

STAIO42 NA ,8 PIEIO I Mz10-- .5. _ __1 ’A ’US-iTAC I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -OR -ECNTG -RQ C -F-EAV HUIDT G-AE T-A M- A -A -777 4w OT EATV OQ 10% 0% 0% 4% 5

OLYMPEX Counterflow Spectrometer and Impactor Field Campaign Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Poellot, Michael [Univ. of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND (United States)

2016-07-01

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility’s ARM Aerial Facility (AAF) Counterflow Spectrometer and Impactor (CSI) probe was flown on the University of North Dakota Cessna Citation research aircraft during the Olympic Mountain Experiment (OLYMPEX). The field campaign took place from November 12 through December 19, 2015, over the Olympic Mountains and coastal waters of Washington State as part of a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) validation campaign. The CSI was added to the Citation instrument suite to support the NASA Aerosol-Cloud Ecosystem (ACE) satellite program and flights of the NASA Lockheed Earth Resources (ER-2) aircraft. ACE funded extra ER-2 flights to focus on clouds that are weakly precipitating, which are also of interest to the DOE Atmospheric System Research (ASR) program.

Air-borne heavy metal contamination to dietary vegetables: a case study from India.

Science.gov (United States)

Pandey, J; Pandey, Richa; Shubhashish, K

2009-12-01

Contamination of edible parts of three dietary vegetables, Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), Radish (Raphanus sativus L.), and Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) by air-borne cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) was determined using pot culture experiments at three sites in the city of Varanasi, India. The data revealed that although Cr and Cu in vegetables remained below their safe limits, about 68% of the total samples contained Cd, Ni, and Pb above their respective safe limits of 1.5, 1.5, and 2.5 μg g(-1). Site wise synchrony and air accumulation factor (AAF) indicated that atmospheric deposition was the main contributor of metal contamination to vegetables. The study suggests that if the present trends of atmospheric deposition are continued, air-borne heavy metals will contaminate the agricultural produce with long-term health implications.

Clinical and echocardiographic features of aorto-atrial fistulas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ananthasubramaniam Karthik

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Aorto-atrial fistulas (AAF are rare but important pathophysiologic conditions of the aorta and have varied presentations such as acute pulmonary edema, chronic heart failure and incidental detection of the fistula. A variety of mechanisms such as aortic dissection, endocarditis with pseudoaneurysm formation, post surgical scenarios or trauma may precipitate the fistula formation. With increasing survival of patients, particularly following complex aortic reconstructive surgeries and redo valve surgeries, recognition of this complication, its clinical features and echocardiographic diagnosis is important. Since physical exam in this condition may be misleading, echocardiography serves as the cornerstone for diagnosis. The case below illustrates aorto-left atrial fistula formation following redo aortic valve surgery with slowly progressive symptoms of heart failure. A brief review of the existing literature of this entity is presented including emphasis on echocardiographic diagnosis and treatment.

Relative cost-effectiveness of an extensively hydrolyzed casein formula containing the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in managing infants with cow's milk allergy in Italy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guest JF

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Julian F Guest,1,2 Monica Panca,1 Olga Ovcinnikova,1 Rita Nocerino3 1CATALYST Health Economics Consultants, Northwood, Middlesex, UK; 2Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College, London, UK; 3Department of Translational Medical Science, Pediatric Section, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy Objective: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of using an extensively hydrolyzed casein formula (eHCF containing the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, (eHCF + LGG; Nutramigen LGG as first-line management for cow's milk allergy (CMA compared with eHCF alone, soy-based formulae (SBF, hydrolyzed rice formulae (HRF, and amino acid formulae (AAF in Italy, from the perspective of the Italian National Health Service (INHS and parents. Methods: Decision modeling was used to estimate the probability of infants developing tolerance to cow's milk by 18 months, based on an observational study dataset. The model also estimated the cost (at 2012/2013 prices of health care resource use funded by the INHS and formulae paid for by parents over 18 months after starting a formula, as well as the relative cost-effectiveness of each of the formulae. Results: The probability of developing tolerance to cow's milk by 18 months was higher among infants with either IgE-mediated or non-IgE-mediated allergy who were fed eHCF + LGG compared to those fed one of the other formulae. The total health care cost of initially feeding infants with eHCF + LGG was less than that of feeding infants with one of the other formulae. Hence, eHCF + LGG affords the greatest value for money to both the INHS and parents of infants with either IgE-mediated or non-IgE-mediated CMA. Conclusion: Using eHCF + LGG instead of eHCF, SBF, HRF, or an AAF for first-line management of newly diagnosed infants with CMA in Italy affords a cost-effective use of publicly funded resources, and is cost-effective from the parents' perspective, since it improves outcome for less cost. A randomized

Prototype Repository - Sensor data report (period 100917-110101) Report no 24

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goudarzi, Reza

2012-08-01

The Prototype Repository Test consists of two sections. The installation of the first Section of Prototype Repository was made during summer and autumn 2001 and Section 2 was installed in spring and summer 2003. At the end of November 2010 stared the dismantling of the outer section. This report presents data from measurements in the Prototype Repository during the period 2001-09-17-2011-01-01. The report is organized so that the actual measured results are shown in Appendix 1-10, where Appendix 8 deals with measurements of canister displacements (by AITEMIN), Appendix 9 deals with geo-electric measurements in the backfill (by GRS), Appendix 10 deals with stress and strain measurement in the rock (by AaF) and Appendix 11 deals with measurement of water pressure in the rock (by VBB/VIAK). The main report and Appendix 1-7 deal with the rest of the measurements

Genetic Virulence Profile of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Danish Children with Either Acute or Persistent Diarrhea

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hebbelstrup Jensen, Betina; Poulsen, Anja; Hebbelstrup Rye Rasmussen, Stig

2017-01-01

targeting the genes sat, sepA, pic, sigA, pet, astA, aatA, aggR, aaiC, aap, agg3/4C, ORF3, aafA, aggA, agg3A, agg4A, and agg5A. Furthermore, the distribution of EAEC genes in strains collected from cases of bloody, mucoid, and watery diarrhea was investigated. The classification and regression tree analysis...... was associated with the combination of the genes aatA and astA (p = 0.03). Non-mucoid diarrhea was associated with strains lacking the aatA gene (p = 0.004). Acute diarrhea was associated with the genes aggR, aap, and aggA by individual odds ratios. Resistance toward gentamicin and ciprofloxacin was observed......-negative-to identify additional factors predisposing to disease. The duration of breastfeeding was positively correlated with the likelihood of belonging to the EAEC-negative group of children....

Prototype Repository - Sensor data report (period 100917-110101) Report no 24

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goudarzi, Reza [Clay Technology AB, Lund (Sweden)

2012-08-15

The Prototype Repository Test consists of two sections. The installation of the first Section of Prototype Repository was made during summer and autumn 2001 and Section 2 was installed in spring and summer 2003. At the end of November 2010 stared the dismantling of the outer section. This report presents data from measurements in the Prototype Repository during the period 2001-09-17-2011-01-01. The report is organized so that the actual measured results are shown in Appendix 1-10, where Appendix 8 deals with measurements of canister displacements (by AITEMIN), Appendix 9 deals with geo-electric measurements in the backfill (by GRS), Appendix 10 deals with stress and strain measurement in the rock (by AaF) and Appendix 11 deals with measurement of water pressure in the rock (by VBB/VIAK). The main report and Appendix 1-7 deal with the rest of the measurements.

ARM Airborne Carbon Measurements VI (ARM-ACME VI) Field Campaign Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Biraud, Sebastien [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

2017-05-01

From October 1, 2015 through September 30, 2016, AAF deployed a Cessna 206 aircraft over the Southern Great Plains, collecting observations of trace gas mixing ratios over the ARM/SGP Central Facility. The aircraft payload included two Atmospheric Observing Systems (AOS Inc.) analyzers for continuous measurements of CO2, and a 12-flask sampler for analysis of carbon cycle gases (CO2, CO, CH4, N2O, 13CO2). The aircraft payload also includes solar/infrared radiation measurements. This research (supported by DOE ARM and TES programs) builds upon previous ARM-ACME missions. The goal of these measurements is to improve understanding of: (a) the carbon exchange of the ARM region; (b) how CO2 and associated water and energy fluxes influence radiative forcing, convective processes, and CO2 concentrations over the ARM region, and (c) how greenhouse gases are transported on continental scales.

Army Air Force Exchange Service Service (AAFES) Station Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida Final Tiered Environmental Assessment

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-20

Unts orl!i_gh t operations : t ~cr£_fore._l]~_i mpact~ to airspau: usc and management. Noise Increased noi se from construct ion and de mol it ion...DEP Northwest District Branch Office in Panama City confirms that a storm water managemen t system and storm water environmental resource permit...il ities and to construc t one bu ildi ng (7,320 square feet) to replace these old and inadequate fac iliti es. The new fac ili ty would include a

Gray AAF, Fort Lewis, Lacey, Washington. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F

Science.gov (United States)

1979-02-23

99.6Jjj 2 9, 1 99.199.09 10 TOTAL NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS . . FOr USAFETAC ,Ś. 0-14-5 (OL 1) RtA0U$ tD fl0NSOFTK$ t APE OB$I(X/I .. " • ) ,;Tt...42,6 430 43.7 43,9 449:o 45.) 45. 45.21 45.8 45. Q, 46.51 46.5 4bd 47.1 A 4500 37t9 43,8 44,9 45,7 46,5 46,7 47,6 48o 40,3 41,9 49.0 491 49.7 4q,7 50.0...YEAP I I 2 MONTHS td 2𔃾 30 10 31 41~ 33 -02ro’. 4 3) 7 33 4 21 1( 1 -T.41 --Z4 +4 . - .. 17 2 -,-ś 29 3. 45 45 7 Z • 7 19 3Q 31 4 ’ 34 34 ?7 74 -- 1

Bad Tolz AAF, Bad Tolz, Germany. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F

Science.gov (United States)

1972-01-26

3.9 23 s.4 #1i 0.Q So. I__I- _ W 1,7. 4. 4. 4 -jIj6 -j2 9so ___ 12#? i7 WN & ,7 1 3 I0 to 5 5 8, WNW ISO . .3L .54L al 1 * .1 A.10 4-q 4,___- NNW 06 _0_...146.5 46.3 46.7 46.7 46.7 46.7l 46,9; 4701 2:ooo [42#2 465. 41 46iY 3 46934f 46,91 471 47,_ ___ 7,5 4 4 7 1 27000 ?__ 961 50PI KP3 5o, 5G5 500 50...34ou.g0v : Q3e3 00# 00000~ ~ 00 o 0 Col 00,0 , 00 0 ~0000 Iso a00 733gog 913S Coto0, 0 0 00,0 00,0 00#0 009000top900,0 00 00,0 00,0 12_ 0 )00 7# gg13

Fritzsche AAF, Fort Ord, Salinas, California. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F.

Science.gov (United States)

1972-02-17

8 ,2 7.,-- , 𔃻, 01, 2. s L ’s. 82,2 82,3 a2,4 42s5 82 2, 1- S700 4 7T T7 ,34 1 7 .5 83,6~ 83,8 83,2 73. ’g 64, 4 2: 600 ’ ,14 i, . , . o...73.3 73.3 73. S700 7 4 P T7o 79s2 79,2 79,3 4,*A ’T.3 ’T" 79,4 79.4 794 79,4 79 4 R 0 b9sQ 02*3 󈧢 o3,6 83#6 blo9 F3,9 zi!,9 83,9 84.0 84.0 84.0 84,0...5, 6 .4 69., o9.7 69o, -9,’+ 69s8 69.8 70,1 7001 " 𔃿 7Co7 7 , . S700 5394 .~7 67 s- 7. . 70 .7 71,2 T7iTe 71, 4 71.4 71o4 71,7 7197 72.1 72,2 73 t 74

Bilimsel Toplantı Duyuruları

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği ATUD

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Forensic Science Society Conferences 27 January 2007 Student One Day Conference Kingston University The Forensic Science Society, 18A Mount Parade, Harrogate HG1 1BX UK Tel: +44 (0 1423 506 068 Fax: +44 (0 1423 566 391 Email: conference@forensic-science-society.org.uk AAFS 59th Annual Scientific Meeting 19-24 February 2007, USA Further information: San Antonio, TX. Tel: (250 426-7282 Web: www.asfo.org The American Academy of Forensic Sciences 59th Annual Scientific Meeting 19-24 February To be held at the Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Center in San Antonio, TX. CONTACT: Nancy J. Jackson Meetings & Expositions Manager AAFS 410 N. 21st Street Colorado Springs, CO 80904 (719 636-1100 Fax: (719 636-1993 njackson@aafs.org The American Society of Forensic Odontology's 37th Annual Scientific Session - "Basic Forensic Odontology: Impact on the Global Stage" 20 February 2007 To be held in conjunction with the 2007 AAFS Annual Meeting in San Antonio, TX. Fax: (250 426-7282 www.asfo.org The American Board of Forensic Odontology Civil Litigation Committee's "The Art & Science of Expert Witness Testimony" Workshop 24 February 207 To be held in conjunction with the 2007 AAFS Annual Meeting in San Antonio, TX. The deadline for applying to be an "Expert Witness" is September 1, 2006. CONTACT: Dr. Tom David (404 633-9742 or (770 565-2320 - tjd214@bellsouth.net SAFCON-2007 South Asian And VII Annual National Conference Of Indian Congress Of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 24-25 March 2007, India safcon2007@forensicindia.com Web: www.icfmt.org Forensic Science - Where Are We Now? 18-20 March 2007, Kingdom of Bahrain The Forensic Science Society, Clarke House, 18A Mount Parade, Harrogate, North Yorkshire, England HG1 1BX Tel: +1423 506068 or email: Conference@forensic-science-society.org.uk Cambridge Healthtech Institute's Fourth Annual Molecular Medicine Tri-Conference 2007 28-March 2 To be held at the Moscone North Convention Center in San Francisco, CA. CONTACT

Historical Trends in Graduate Research and Training of Diplomates of the American Board of Forensic Anthropology.

Science.gov (United States)

Bethard, Jonathan D

2017-01-01

The history of forensic anthropology has been documented by numerous scholars. These contributions have described the work of early pioneers in the field and have described important milestones, such as the founding of the Physical Anthropology Section of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS) in 1972 and the American Board of Forensic Anthropology (ABFA) in 1977. This paper contributes to the growing literature on the history of forensic anthropology by documenting the academic training of all individuals who have been granted diplomate status by the ABFA (n = 115). Doctoral dissertation titles were queried to discern broad patterns of research foci. A total of 39 doctoral granting institutions have trained diplomates and 77.3% of board-certified forensic anthropologists wrote dissertations involving skeletal biology, bioarchaeology, or forensic anthropology. Board-certified forensic anthropologists are a broadly trained group of professionals with far-reaching anthropological interests and expertise. © 2016 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

Age estimation in forensic anthropology: quantification of observer error in phase versus component-based methods.

Science.gov (United States)

Shirley, Natalie R; Ramirez Montes, Paula Andrea

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was to assess observer error in phase versus component-based scoring systems used to develop age estimation methods in forensic anthropology. A method preferred by forensic anthropologists in the AAFS was selected for this evaluation (the Suchey-Brooks method for the pubic symphysis). The Suchey-Brooks descriptions were used to develop a corresponding component-based scoring system for comparison. Several commonly used reliability statistics (kappa, weighted kappa, and the intraclass correlation coefficient) were calculated to assess observer agreement between two observers and to evaluate the efficacy of each of these statistics for this study. The linear weighted kappa was determined to be the most suitable measure of observer agreement. The results show that a component-based system offers the possibility for more objective scoring than a phase system as long as the coding possibilities for each trait do not exceed three states of expression, each with as little overlap as possible. © 2014 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

Ser derivation and power optimization of a two-way multirelay cooperative communication system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rehman, S.U.; Shah, S.I.; Fareed, M.M.

2014-01-01

In this paper, we consider Rayleigh fading based cooperative communication system with AaF (Amplify and Forward) relaying using multiple relays. We take spectrally efficient two-way model of cooperative communication terminals and formulate performance evaluation framework in terms of SER (Symbol Error Rate). We not only consider fading channel for this performance evaluation but also consider the effect of relay terminal location into our model which does not require any CSI (Channel State Information) at transmitting nodes. We have proposed power allocation framework for these nodes and analytically derived SER performance results. We have numerically evaluated this framework for power optimization as well as minimizing required SER. Significant performance improvement as compared with equal power sharing among the cooperating terminals is achieved using our proposed framework. It is shown that virtual cooperative antenna configurations is able to demonstrate up to 3dB gain as compared with co-located antenna configurations. Thus incorporating relay location information for performance evaluation results significant power savings. (author)

SER Derivation and Power Optimization of a Two-Way MultiRelay Cooperative Communication System

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shakeel-Ur-Rehman Rehman

2014-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper, we consider Rayleigh fading based cooperative communication system with AaF (Amplify and Forward relaying using multiple relays. We take spectrally efficient two-way model of cooperative communication terminals and formulate performance evaluation framework in terms of SER (Symbol Error Rate. We not only consider fading channel for this performance evaluation but also consider the effect of relay terminal location into our model which does not require any CSI (Channel State Information at transmitting nodes. We have proposed power allocation framework for these nodes and analytically derived SER performance results. We have numerically evaluated this framework for power optimization as well as minimizing required SER. Significant performance improvement as compared with equal power sharing among the cooperating terminals is achieved using our proposed framework. It is shown that virtual cooperative antenna configurations is able to demonstrate up to 3dB gain as compared with co-located antenna configurations. Thus incorporating relay location information for performance evaluation results significant power savings

Biomass Burning Observation Project (BBOP) Final Campaign Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kleinman, LI [Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Sedlacek, A. J. [Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

2016-01-01

The Biomass Burning Observation Project (BBOP) was conducted to obtain a better understanding of how aerosols generated from biomass fires affect the atmosphere and climate. It is estimated that 40% of carbonaceous aerosol produced originates from biomass burning—enough to affect regional and global climate. Several biomass-burning studies have focused on tropical climates; however, few campaigns have been conducted within the United States, where millions of acres are burned each year, trending to higher values and greater climate impacts because of droughts in the West. Using the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Aerial Facility (AAF), the BBOP deployed the Gulfstream-1 (G-1) aircraft over smoke plumes from active wildfire and agricultural burns to help identify the impact of these events and how impacts evolve with time. BBOP was one of very few studies that targeted the near-field time evolution of aerosols and aimed to obtain a process-level understanding of the large changes that occur within a few hours of atmospheric processing.

Precipitation and Hydrology Experiment Counter-Flow Spectrometer and Impactor Field Campaign Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Poellot, Michael [University of North Dakota

2016-03-01

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)’s Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility Aerial Facility (ARM AAF) counter-flow spectrometer and impactor (CSI) probe was flown on the University of North Dakota Cessna Citation research aircraft during the Integrated Precipitation and Hydrology Experiment (IPHEX). The field campaign took place during May and June of 2014 over North Carolina and its coastal waters as part of a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Global Precipitation Measurement validation campaign. The CSI was added to the Citation instrument suite to support the involvement of Jay Mace through the NASA Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) satellite program and flights of the NASA ER-2 aircraft, which is a civilian version of the Air Force’s U2-S reconnaissance platform. The ACE program funded extra ER-2 flights to focus on clouds that are weakly precipitating, which are also of interest to the Atmospheric System Research program sponsored by DOE.

Mortality and potential years of life lost attributable to alcohol consumption in Canada in 2005.

Science.gov (United States)

Shield, Kevin D; Taylor, Benjamin; Kehoe, Tara; Patra, Jayadeep; Rehm, Jürgen

2012-01-31

Alcohol is a substantial risk factor for mortality according to the recent 2010 World Health Assembly strategy to reduce the harmful use of alcohol which outlined the need to characterize and monitor this burden. Accordingly, using new methodology we estimated 1) the number of deaths caused and prevented by alcohol consumption, and 2) the potential years of life lost (PYLLs) attributable to alcohol consumption in Canada in 2005. Mortality attributable to alcohol consumption was estimated by calculating Alcohol-Attributable Fractions (AAFs) (defined as the proportion of mortality that would be eliminated if the exposure was eliminated) using data from various sources. Indicators for alcohol consumption were obtained from the Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring Survey 2008 and corrected for adult per capita recorded and unrecorded alcohol consumption. Risk relations were taken from the Comparative Risk Assessment within the current Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Due to concerns about the reliability of information specifying causes of death for people aged 65 or older, our analysis was limited to individuals aged 0 to 64 years. Calculation of the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the AAFs was performed using Monte Carlo random sampling. Information on mortality was obtained from Statistics Canada. A sensitivity analysis was performed comparing the mortality results obtained using our study methods to results obtained using previous methodologies. In 2005, 3,970 (95% CI: 810 to 7,170) deaths (4,390 caused and 420 prevented) and 134,555 (95% CI: 36,690 to 236,376) PYLLs were attributable to alcohol consumption for individuals aged 0 to 64 years. These figures represent 7.7% (95% CI: 1.6% to 13.9%) of all deaths and 8.0% (95% CI: 2.2% to 14.1%) of all PYLLs for individuals aged 0 to 64 years. The sensitivity analysis showed that the number of deaths as measured by this new methodology is greater than that if mortality was estimated using previous

Mortality and potential years of life lost attributable to alcohol consumption in Canada in 2005

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shield Kevin D

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Alcohol is a substantial risk factor for mortality according to the recent 2010 World Health Assembly strategy to reduce the harmful use of alcohol which outlined the need to characterize and monitor this burden. Accordingly, using new methodology we estimated 1 the number of deaths caused and prevented by alcohol consumption, and 2 the potential years of life lost (PYLLs attributable to alcohol consumption in Canada in 2005. Methods Mortality attributable to alcohol consumption was estimated by calculating Alcohol-Attributable Fractions (AAFs (defined as the proportion of mortality that would be eliminated if the exposure was eliminated using data from various sources. Indicators for alcohol consumption were obtained from the Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring Survey 2008 and corrected for adult per capita recorded and unrecorded alcohol consumption. Risk relations were taken from the Comparative Risk Assessment within the current Global Burden of Disease (GBD study. Due to concerns about the reliability of information specifying causes of death for people aged 65 or older, our analysis was limited to individuals aged 0 to 64 years. Calculation of the 95% confidence intervals (CIs for the AAFs was performed using Monte Carlo random sampling. Information on mortality was obtained from Statistics Canada. A sensitivity analysis was performed comparing the mortality results obtained using our study methods to results obtained using previous methodologies. Results In 2005, 3,970 (95% CI: 810 to 7,170 deaths (4,390 caused and 420 prevented and 134,555 (95% CI: 36,690 to 236,376 PYLLs were attributable to alcohol consumption for individuals aged 0 to 64 years. These figures represent 7.7% (95% CI: 1.6% to 13.9% of all deaths and 8.0% (95% CI: 2.2% to 14.1% of all PYLLs for individuals aged 0 to 64 years. The sensitivity analysis showed that the number of deaths as measured by this new methodology is greater than that if

Bilimsel Toplantı Duyuruları

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği ATUD

2010-12-01

Full Text Available 24th Annual San Diego International Conference on Child and Family Maltreatment January 24, 2010-January 29, 2010 San Diego C, USA URL: http://www.chadwickcenter.org/conference AAFS 62nd Annual Scientific Meeting 22 February 2010-27 February 2010 Putting Our Forensic Flouse in Order: Examining Validation and Expelling Incompetence Seattle, WA 98101 URL: www.aafs.org/default.aspPsection_id = meetings& page_id= aafs_annual_meeting 49th Annual Meeting of the US Society of Toxicology (SOT 7 March 2010-11 March 2010 Salt Lake City, Utah, USA URL: www.toxicology.org/AI/MEET/AM2010/ XIXth Mediterranean International Congress of Legal Medicine 7 April 2010-10 April 2010 Tozeur, Tunisia URL: www.aefms.org/j.med.leg.tozeur/jmml_E/index.html ESF-LiU Conference 3 May 2010-7 May 2010 Violations of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law: Investigation and Prevention of Torture and Death in Custody Linköping, Sweden URL: www.esf.org/conferences/10318 7th Annual Meeting Balkan Academy of Forensic Science 03 June 2010-06 June 2010 Tirana, Albania URL: http://www.balkanforensic.org 68th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Questioned Document Examiners (ASQDE 28 September 2010 Victoria, BC, USA URL: www.asqde.org 20th International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences (ANZFSS 5 September 2010-9 September 2010 Sydney, Australia URL: www.anzfss2010.com Bloodstain Pattern Recognition - Basic course 05 December 2011, 09 December 2011 Tbe Hague, The Netherlands URL: http://www.enfsi.eu/page.php?uid= Expert Witness Intensive Training Course - 2 Day December 8th to 9th 2011 United Kingdom /London URL: http://www.healthcareconferencesuk.co.uk/ expertwitness 6th USA Pacific Medical & Legal Conference December 13th to 20th 2011 New York /USA URL: http://www.conferences21.com/index.php? menu=home 12th Annual Pan Europe Pacific Medical & Legal Conference February 5th to 12th 2012 France /Paris URL: http://www.conferences21.com/index.php? menu=home American College of Legal

Integration of XRootD into the cloud infrastructure for ALICE data analysis

CERN Document Server

Kompaniets, Mikhail; Svirin, Pavlo; Yurchenko, Volodymyr; Zarochentsev, Andrey

2015-01-01

Cloud technologies allow easy load balancing between different tasks and projects. From the viewpoint of the data analysis in the ALICE experiment, cloud allows to deploy software using Cern Virtual Machine (CernVM) and CernVM File System (CVMFS), to run different (including outdated) versions of software for long term data preservation and to dynamically allocate resources for different computing activities, e.g. grid site, ALICE Analysis Facility (AAF) and possible usage for local projects or other LHC experiments.We present a cloud solution for Tier-3 sites based on OpenStack and Ceph distributed storage with an integrated XRootD based storage element (SE). One of the key features of the solution is based on idea that Ceph has been used as a backend for Cinder Block Storage service for OpenStack, and in the same time as a storage backend for XRootD, with redundancy and availability of data preserved by Ceph settings. For faster and easier OpenStack deployment was applied the Packstack solution, which is ba...

Induction of an altered lipid phenotype by two cancer promoting treatments in rat liver.

Science.gov (United States)

Riedel, S; Abel, S; Swanevelder, S; Gelderblom, W C A

2015-04-01

Changes in lipid metabolism have been associated with tumor promotion in rat liver. Similarities and differences of lipid parameters were investigated using the mycotoxin fumonisin B1 (FB1) and the 2-acetylaminofluorene/partial hepatectomy (AAF/PH) treatments as cancer promoters in rat liver. A typical lipid phenotype was observed, including increased membranal phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and cholesterol content, increased levels of C16:0 and monounsaturated fatty acids in PE and phosphatidylcholine (PC), as well as a decrease in C18:0 and long-chained polyunsaturated fatty acids in the PC fraction. The observed lipid changes, which likely resulted in changes in membrane structure and fluidity, may represent a growth stimulus exerted by the cancer promoters that could provide initiated cells with a selective growth advantage. This study provided insight into complex lipid profiles induced by two different cancer promoting treatments and their potential role in the development of hepatocyte nodules, which can be used to identify targets for the development of chemopreventive strategies against cancer promotion in the liver. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

In Silico Modeling of Gastrointestinal Drug Absorption: Predictive Performance of Three Physiologically Based Absorption Models.

Science.gov (United States)

Sjögren, Erik; Thörn, Helena; Tannergren, Christer

2016-06-06

Gastrointestinal (GI) drug absorption is a complex process determined by formulation, physicochemical and biopharmaceutical factors, and GI physiology. Physiologically based in silico absorption models have emerged as a widely used and promising supplement to traditional in vitro assays and preclinical in vivo studies. However, there remains a lack of comparative studies between different models. The aim of this study was to explore the strengths and limitations of the in silico absorption models Simcyp 13.1, GastroPlus 8.0, and GI-Sim 4.1, with respect to their performance in predicting human intestinal drug absorption. This was achieved by adopting an a priori modeling approach and using well-defined input data for 12 drugs associated with incomplete GI absorption and related challenges in predicting the extent of absorption. This approach better mimics the real situation during formulation development where predictive in silico models would be beneficial. Plasma concentration-time profiles for 44 oral drug administrations were calculated by convolution of model-predicted absorption-time profiles and reported pharmacokinetic parameters. Model performance was evaluated by comparing the predicted plasma concentration-time profiles, Cmax, tmax, and exposure (AUC) with observations from clinical studies. The overall prediction accuracies for AUC, given as the absolute average fold error (AAFE) values, were 2.2, 1.6, and 1.3 for Simcyp, GastroPlus, and GI-Sim, respectively. The corresponding AAFE values for Cmax were 2.2, 1.6, and 1.3, respectively, and those for tmax were 1.7, 1.5, and 1.4, respectively. Simcyp was associated with underprediction of AUC and Cmax; the accuracy decreased with decreasing predicted fabs. A tendency for underprediction was also observed for GastroPlus, but there was no correlation with predicted fabs. There were no obvious trends for over- or underprediction for GI-Sim. The models performed similarly in capturing dependencies on dose and

Phototoxic and modulatory effects of natural products from the skin of Rhinella jimi (Stevaux, 2002

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Samuel V. Brito

2011-11-01

Full Text Available The skin of amphibians possesses a large diversity of biologically active compounds that are associated with the natural defenses of these animals against pathogens. Five different extracts and fractions were obtained from the skin of Rhinella jimi: methanol extract (ME, methanol fractions (MF, chloroform extract of methanol extract (CF, aqueous alkaloid fraction (AAF and aqueous non-alkaloid fraction (ANAF. All fractions were evaluated with respect to their antibiotic modifying activity in standard bacterial strains and multiresistant clinical isolates. Antagonism was detected with kanamycin and gentamicin when combined with substances obtained from the skin of R. jimi. Phototoxic activity was observed in the methanol and chlorophorm fractions, as well as the aqueous non-alkaloid fraction. The antagonistic action was apparently associated with the protection afforded by the bacterial populations that inhabit the skin of this amphibian, preventing colonization by pathogenic fungi. The phototoxic activity demonstrated by natural products from the skin of R. jimi showed an interruption of the bacterial growth after UV exposure. This could indicate an antibacterial effect activated by the UV light, opening a path for carrying the attack by pathogenic fungi, causing the disease related with the amphibian decline.

Phototoxic and modulatory effects of natural products from the skin of Rhinella jimi (Stevaux, 2002

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Samuel V. Brito

2012-02-01

Full Text Available The skin of amphibians possesses a large diversity of biologically active compounds that are associated with the natural defenses of these animals against pathogens. Five different extracts and fractions were obtained from the skin of Rhinella jimi: methanol extract (ME, methanol fractions (MF, chloroform extract of methanol extract (CF, aqueous alkaloid fraction (AAF and aqueous non-alkaloid fraction (ANAF. All fractions were evaluated with respect to their antibiotic modifying activity in standard bacterial strains and multiresistant clinical isolates. Antagonism was detected with kanamycin and gentamicin when combined with substances obtained from the skin of R. jimi. Phototoxic activity was observed in the methanol and chlorophorm fractions, as well as the aqueous non-alkaloid fraction. The antagonistic action was apparently associated with the protection afforded by the bacterial populations that inhabit the skin of this amphibian, preventing colonization by pathogenic fungi. The phototoxic activity demonstrated by natural products from the skin of R. jimi showed an interruption of the bacterial growth after UV exposure. This could indicate an antibacterial effect activated by the UV light, opening a path for carrying the attack by pathogenic fungi, causing the disease related with the amphibian decline.

Ring Formation in Lime Kilns; Ringbildning i Mesaugnar II

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dhak, Janice [AaF-Process AB, Stockholm (Sweden)

2003-07-15

The key to a cost efficient and high performance pulp production is low variations in the production level. Despite the fact that all pulp mills always work with improvements to eliminate problems with ring formations, AaF has at several mill seen that the operation of a lime kiln still often is disturbed by ring formation. In 1999 AAF made an extensive investigation of more than 10 lime kilns in Sweden, considering operational data, kiln data and lime chemical analyzes. The result pointed out the importance of how the lime kiln is operated and that dead load and contaminants in the lime was less important. The report suggested that it is the difference in the temperature between the flue gas and the lime that is of importance. There are no quantified process values available that guides for a 'best practice' way to run a lime kiln to avoid ring formation. The goal with this project has been to develop a strategy for operation of a kiln in a way that lowers the risk for ring formation. The results from simulations of a number of lime kilns in this project could not proof that a low difference in the temperature between the flue gas and the lime was the main cause of problems with ring formation and thus it was not possible to quantify the optimal difference to avoid rings. Probably the most important information from the simulations was that it is not the temperature difference in number of degrees that is of importance, rather the fact that the temperature difference in the kalcining zone varies, and time to time reach below the critical level were lime occasionally is cooled down. It can be the case if the temperature profile of the flue gas temporarily changes or if the lime mud temperature profile is changed. The reason for changes in the temperature profile is discussed in the report. The most important factors discussed are: Variations in the energy input e.g. oil and methanol/strong gases in cocombustion. One single fuel is easier to control

STIL2 in India - Pilot study 2012

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2012-07-01

Sweden and India have a bilateral agreement regarding energy issues and during the spring of 2011 a number of projects were launched by the Swedish Energy Agency. One of them was the implementation of STIL2 in India. The STIL2 in India report prepared by AaF consultant for the Swedish Energy Agency aims to launch a project 'Implementation of STIL2 in India' under BEE-STEM cooperation. BEE stands for the Indian Bureau of Energy Efficiency and STEM stands for the Swedish Energy Agency. The report presents the energy use in a specific building category on national level in India. The STIL2 project as such does not render any quantifiable energy savings, rather a baseline of the energy use with objective and harmonised data output. Reference values constitute a prerequisite for quantifying change over time and full scale STIL2 implementation provides a strong set of reference values. Since the data is presented on national level it allows to show estimated and calculated energy saving potentials for the whole building stock. These results can be used to support energy efficiency, monitor progress and as a base for policy development. This is the first project of several within the BEE-STEM cooperation.

The Anti-Adhesive Effect of Curcumin on Candida albicans Biofilms on Denture Materials

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gordon Ramage

2017-04-01

Full Text Available The use of natural compounds as an alternative source of antimicrobials has become a necessity given the growing concern over global antimicrobial resistance. Polyphenols, found in various edible plants, offers one potential solution to this. We aimed to investigate the possibility of using curcumin within the context of oral health as a way of inhibiting and preventing the harmful development of Candida albicans biofilms. We undertook a series of adsorption experiments with varying concentrations of curcumin, showing that 50 μg/ml could prevent adhesion. This effect could be further synergized by the curcumin pre-treatment of yeast cells to obtain significantly greater inhibition (>90%, p < 0.001. Investigation of the biological impact of curcumin showed that it preferentially affected immature morphological forms (yeast and germlings, and actively promoted aggregation of the cells. Transcriptional analyses showed that key adhesins were down-regulated (ALS1 and ALS3, whereas aggregation related genes (ALS5 and AAF1 were up-regulated. Collectively, these data demonstrated that curcumin elicits anti-adhesive effects and that induces transcription of genes integrally involved in the processes related to biofilm formation. Curcumin and associated polyphenols therefore have the capacity to be developed for use in oral healthcare to augment existing preventative strategies for candidal biofilms on the denture surface.

Simulation-based planning for theater air warfare

Science.gov (United States)

Popken, Douglas A.; Cox, Louis A., Jr.

2004-08-01

Planning for Theatre Air Warfare can be represented as a hierarchy of decisions. At the top level, surviving airframes must be assigned to roles (e.g., Air Defense, Counter Air, Close Air Support, and AAF Suppression) in each time period in response to changing enemy air defense capabilities, remaining targets, and roles of opposing aircraft. At the middle level, aircraft are allocated to specific targets to support their assigned roles. At the lowest level, routing and engagement decisions are made for individual missions. The decisions at each level form a set of time-sequenced Courses of Action taken by opposing forces. This paper introduces a set of simulation-based optimization heuristics operating within this planning hierarchy to optimize allocations of aircraft. The algorithms estimate distributions for stochastic outcomes of the pairs of Red/Blue decisions. Rather than using traditional stochastic dynamic programming to determine optimal strategies, we use an innovative combination of heuristics, simulation-optimization, and mathematical programming. Blue decisions are guided by a stochastic hill-climbing search algorithm while Red decisions are found by optimizing over a continuous representation of the decision space. Stochastic outcomes are then provided by fast, Lanchester-type attrition simulations. This paper summarizes preliminary results from top and middle level models.

ARM-ACME V: ARM Airborne Carbon Measurements V on the North Slope of Alaska Field Campaign Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Biraud, Sebastien C [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

2016-05-01

Atmospheric temperatures are warming faster in the Arctic than predicted by climate models. The impact of this warming on permafrost degradation is not well understood, but it is projected to increase carbon decomposition and greenhouse gas production (CO2 and/or CH4) by arctic ecosystems. Airborne observations of atmospheric trace gases, aerosols and cloud properties in North Slopes of Alaska (NSA) are improving our understanding of global climate, with the goal of reducing the uncertainty in global and regional climate simulations and projections. From June 1 through September 15, 2015, AAF deployed the G1 research aircraft and flew over the North Slope of Alaska (38 flights, 140 science flight hours), with occasional vertical profiling over Prudhoe Bay, Oliktok point, Barrow, Atqasuk, Ivotuk, and Toolik Lake. The aircraft payload included Picarro and Los Gatos Research (LGR) analyzers for continuous measurements of CO2, CH4, H2O, and CO and N2O mixing ratios, and a 12-flask sampler for analysis of carbon cycle gases (CO2, CO, CH4, N2O, 13CO2, and trace hydrocarbon species). The aircraft payload also include measurements of aerosol properties (number size distribution, total number concentration, absorption, and scattering), cloud properties (droplet and ice size information), atmospheric thermodynamic state, and solar/infrared radiation.

Measurement of Flying Qualities of a Dehavilland Mosquito F-8 Airplane (AAF No. 43-334960) I: Lateral and Directional Stability and Control Characteristics

Science.gov (United States)

Gray, W.E.; Talmage, D.B.; Crane, H.L.

1945-01-01

The data presented have no bearing on performance characteristics of airplane, which were considered exceptionally good in previous tests. Some of the undesirable features of lateral and directional stability and control characteristics of the F-8 are listed. Directional stability, with rudder fixed, did not sufficiently restrict aileron yaw; rudder control was inadequate during take-off and landing, and was insufficient to fly airplane with one engine; in clean condition, power of ailerons was slightly below minimum value specified; it was difficult to trim airplane in rough air.

Survey of Forensic Document Examination Habit Areas: Degree of Use and Discriminatory Power

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

G Sperry; PA Manzolillo; RC Hanlan; RJ Muehlberger

1999-09-07

Beginning in 1998, the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNL), US Postal Inspection Service Forensic Laboratory (USPIS), and the Data Fusion Laboratory, Drexel University (DFL) have been collaborating on a large scale research project ''Handwriting Individuality--Moving From Art to Science''. In April 1998 a survey was distributed to the community of forensic document examiners (FDEs) requesting input on the habit areas used and their utility in distinguishing handwriting. The information obtained from this survey was intended to provide the data necessary to select the criteria and begin the evaluation of the handwriting samples currently in the project. Preliminary results of the survey were made available to the community at the American Society of Questioned Document Examiners (ASQDE) meeting in August 1998 and the American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS) meeting in February 1999. This report provides final documentation of the survey and its results. This survey has two objectives: (1) to compile a list of handwriting features and characteristics used by professional forensic document examiners in the examination and comparison of handwriting and (2) to gather information about the significance of these features and characteristics. These objectives are met by having the FDEs provide an indication of their experience in the frequency of habit area evaluation and the utility of the habit area for discrimination.

Joint sub-carrier pairing and resource allocation for cognitive networks with adaptive relaying

KAUST Repository

Soury, Hamza; Bader, F.; Shaat, M.; Alouini, Mohamed-Slim

2013-01-01

Relayed transmission in a cognitive radio (CR) environment could be used to increase the coverage and capacity of communication system that benefits already from the efficient management of the spectrum developed by CR. Furthermore, there are many types of cooperative communications, including decode-and-forward (DAF) and amplify-and-forward (AAF). In this paper, these techniques are combined in an adaptive mode to benefit from its forwarding advantages; this mode is called adaptive relaying protocol (ARP). Moreover, this work focuses on the joint power allocation in a cognitive radio system in a cooperative mode that operates ARP in multi-carrier mode. The multi-carrier scenario is used in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) mode, and the problem is formulated to maximize the end-to-end rate by searching the best power allocation at the transmitters. This work includes, besides the ARP model, a sub-carrier pairing strategy that allows the relays to switch to the best sub-carrier pairs to increase the throughput. The optimization problem is formulated and solved under the interference and power budget constraints using the sub-gradient algorithm. The simulation results confirm the efficiency of the proposed adaptive relaying protocol in comparison to other relaying techniques. The results show also the consequence of the choice of the pairing strategy. 2013 Stolojescu-Crisan and Isar; licensee Springer.

Joint sub-carrier pairing and resource allocation for cognitive networks with adaptive relaying

KAUST Repository

Soury, Hamza

2013-11-09

Relayed transmission in a cognitive radio (CR) environment could be used to increase the coverage and capacity of communication system that benefits already from the efficient management of the spectrum developed by CR. Furthermore, there are many types of cooperative communications, including decode-and-forward (DAF) and amplify-and-forward (AAF). In this paper, these techniques are combined in an adaptive mode to benefit from its forwarding advantages; this mode is called adaptive relaying protocol (ARP). Moreover, this work focuses on the joint power allocation in a cognitive radio system in a cooperative mode that operates ARP in multi-carrier mode. The multi-carrier scenario is used in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) mode, and the problem is formulated to maximize the end-to-end rate by searching the best power allocation at the transmitters. This work includes, besides the ARP model, a sub-carrier pairing strategy that allows the relays to switch to the best sub-carrier pairs to increase the throughput. The optimization problem is formulated and solved under the interference and power budget constraints using the sub-gradient algorithm. The simulation results confirm the efficiency of the proposed adaptive relaying protocol in comparison to other relaying techniques. The results show also the consequence of the choice of the pairing strategy. 2013 Stolojescu-Crisan and Isar; licensee Springer.

Joint Subcarrier Pairing and Resource Allocation for Cognitive Network and Adaptive Relaying Strategy

KAUST Repository

Soury, Hamza

2012-05-01

Recent measurements show that the spectrum is under-utilized by licensed users in wireless communication. Cognitive radio (CR) has been proposed as a suitable solution to manage the inefficient usage of the spectrum and increase coverage area of wireless networks. The concept is based on allowing a group of secondary users (SUs) to share the unused radio spectrum originally owned by the primary user (PUs). The operation of CR should not cause harmful interference to the PUs. In the other hand, relayed transmission increases the coverage and achievable capacity of communication systems and in particular in CR systems. In fact there are many types of cooperative communications, however the two main ones are decode-and-forward (DAF) and amplify-and-forward (AAF). Adaptive relaying scheme is a relaying technique by which the benefits of the amplifying or decode and forward techniques can be achieved by switching the forwarding technique according to the quality of the signal. In this dissertation, we investigate the power allocation for an adaptive relaying protocol (ARP) scheme in cognitive system by maximizing the end-to-end rate and searching the best carriers pairing distribution. The optimization problem is under the interference and power budget constraints. The simulation results confirm the efficiency of the proposed adaptive relaying protocol in comparison to other relaying techniques, and the consequence of the choice of the pairing strategy.

Antimutagenic properties of Mangifera indica L. stem bark extract and evaluation of its effects on hepatic CYP1A1.

Science.gov (United States)

Morffi, Janet; Rodeiro, Idania; Hernández, Sandra Luz; González, Leonora; Herrera, Jose; Espinosa-Aguirre, J Javier

2012-09-01

Mangifera indica stem bark extract (MSBE) is a Cuban natural product which has shown strong antioxidant properties. In this work, the antimutagenic effect of MSBE was tested against 10 well-known mutagens/carcinogens in the Ames test in the absence or presence of metabolic fraction (S9). The chemical mutagens tested included: cyclophosphamide, mitomycin C, bleomycin, cisplatin, dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA), benzo[a]pyrene (BP), 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF), sodium azide, 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) and picrolonic acid. Protective effects of the extract were also evaluated by comparing the efficiency of S9 fraction obtained from rats treated during 28 days with oral doses of MSBE (50-500 mg/kg) with that obtained from rats treated with vehicle (control) to activate bleomycin and cyclophosphamide in the Ames test. MSBE concentrations between 50 and 500 μg/plate significantly reduced the mutagenicity mediated by all the chemicals tested with the exception of sodium azide. Higher mutagenicity was found when bleomycin and cyclophosphamide (CP) were activated by control S9 than by MSBE S9. In addition, inhibition of CYP1A1 microsomal activity was observed in the presence of MSBE (10-20 μg/ml). We can conclude that besides its potent antioxidant activity previously reported, MSBE may also exert a chemoprotective effect due to its capacity to inhibit CYP activity.

Time-Dependent Structural Alteration of Rituximab Analyzed by LC/TOF-MS after a Systemic Administration to Rats.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yuki Otani

Full Text Available Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs have heterogeneities in their structures. Multiple studies have reported that the variety of post-translational modifications could affect the pharmacokinetic profiles or pharmacological potencies of therapeutic mAbs. Taking into the account that the structural modification of mAbs would affect the efficacy, it is worth investigating the structural alteration of therapeutic mAbs in the blood and the relationship between their structures and pharmacological effects. Herein, we have developed the method to isolate rituximab from plasma in which endogenous IgGs interfere the detection of rituximab, and successfully developed the analytical method with a liquid chromatograph time-of-flight mass spectrometer to detect the structure of rituximab in plasma with errors less than 30 parts per millions. Eight types of carbohydrate chains in rituximab were detected by this method. Interestingly, time-dependent changes in carbohydrate chains such as AAF (G2F and GnGn (G0 were observed in rats, although the amino acids were stable. Additionally, these structural changes were observed via incubation in plasma as in the rat experiment, suggesting that a certain type of enzyme in plasma caused the alterations of the carbohydrate chains. The present analytical methods could clarify the actual pharmacokinetics of therapeutic mAbs, and help to evaluate the interindividual variations in pharmacokinetics and efficacy.

Hepatobiliary Clearance Prediction: Species Scaling From Monkey, Dog, and Rat, and In Vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation of Sandwich-Cultured Human Hepatocytes Using 17 Drugs.

Science.gov (United States)

Kimoto, Emi; Bi, Yi-An; Kosa, Rachel E; Tremaine, Larry M; Varma, Manthena V S

2017-09-01

Hepatobiliary elimination can be a major clearance pathway dictating the pharmacokinetics of drugs. Here, we first compared the dose eliminated in bile in preclinical species (monkey, dog, and rat) with that in human and further evaluated single-species scaling (SSS) to predict human hepatobiliary clearance. Six compounds dosed in bile duct-cannulated (BDC) monkeys showed biliary excretion comparable to human; and the SSS of hepatobiliary clearance with plasma fraction unbound correction yielded reasonable predictions (within 3-fold). Although dog SSS also showed reasonable predictions, rat overpredicted hepatobiliary clearance for 13 of 24 compounds. Second, we evaluated the translatability of in vitro sandwich-cultured human hepatocytes (SCHHs) to predict human hepatobiliary clearance for 17 drugs. For drugs with no significant active uptake in SCHH studies (i.e., with or without rifamycin SV), measured intrinsic biliary clearance was directly scalable with good predictability (absolute average fold error [AAFE] = 1.6). Drugs showing significant active uptake in SCHH, however, showed improved predictability when scaled based on extended clearance term (AAFE = 2.0), which incorporated sinusoidal uptake along with a global scaling factor for active uptake and the canalicular efflux clearance. In conclusion, SCHH is a useful tool to predict human hepatobiliary clearance, whereas BDC monkey model may provide further confidence in the prospective predictions. Copyright © 2017 American Pharmacists Association®. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Reproductive Incompatibility Involving Senegalese Aedes aegypti (L Is Associated with Chromosome Rearrangements.

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Laura B Dickson

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of dengue, yellow fever and Zika flaviviruses, consists of at least two subspecies. Aedes aegypti (Aaa is light in color, has pale scales on the first abdominal tergite, oviposits in artificial containers, and preferentially feeds on humans. Aedes aegypti formosus (Aaf, has a dark cuticle, is restricted to sub-Saharan Africa, has no pale scales on the first abdominal tergite and frequently oviposits in natural containers. Scale patterns correlate with cuticle color in East Africa but not in Senegal, West Africa where black cuticle mosquitoes display a continuum of scaling patterns and breed domestically indoors. An earlier laboratory study did not indicate any pre- or postzygotic barriers to gene flow between Aaa and Aaf in East Africa. However, similar attempts to construct F1 intercross families between Aaa laboratory strains and Senegal Ae. aegypti (SenAae failed due to poor F1 oviposition and low F2 egg-to-adult survival. Insemination and assortative mating experiments failed to identify prezygotic mating barriers. Backcrosses were performed to test for postzygotic isolation patterns consistent with Haldane's rule modified for species, like Aedes, that have an autosomal sex determining locus (SDL. Egg-pupal survival was predicted to be low in females mated to hybrid F1 males but average when a male mates with a hybrid F1 female. Survival was in fact significantly reduced when females mated to hybrid males but egg-pupal survival was significantly increased when males were mated to hybrid F1 females. These observations are therefore inconclusive with regards to Haldane's rule. Basic cytogenetic analyses and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH experiments were performed to compare SenAae strains with the IB12 strain of Aaa that was used for genome sequencing and physical mapping. Some SenAae strains had longer chromosomes than IB12 and significantly different centromeric indices on chromosomes 1 and 3. DAPI

Reproductive Incompatibility Involving Senegalese Aedes aegypti (L) Is Associated with Chromosome Rearrangements

Science.gov (United States)

Dickson, Laura B.; Sharakhova, Maria V.; Timoshevskiy, Vladimir A.; Fleming, Karen L.; Caspary, Alex; Sylla, Massamba; Black, William C.

2016-01-01

Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of dengue, yellow fever and Zika flaviviruses, consists of at least two subspecies. Aedes aegypti (Aaa) is light in color, has pale scales on the first abdominal tergite, oviposits in artificial containers, and preferentially feeds on humans. Aedes aegypti formosus (Aaf), has a dark cuticle, is restricted to sub-Saharan Africa, has no pale scales on the first abdominal tergite and frequently oviposits in natural containers. Scale patterns correlate with cuticle color in East Africa but not in Senegal, West Africa where black cuticle mosquitoes display a continuum of scaling patterns and breed domestically indoors. An earlier laboratory study did not indicate any pre- or postzygotic barriers to gene flow between Aaa and Aaf in East Africa. However, similar attempts to construct F1 intercross families between Aaa laboratory strains and Senegal Ae. aegypti (SenAae) failed due to poor F1 oviposition and low F2 egg-to-adult survival. Insemination and assortative mating experiments failed to identify prezygotic mating barriers. Backcrosses were performed to test for postzygotic isolation patterns consistent with Haldane’s rule modified for species, like Aedes, that have an autosomal sex determining locus (SDL). Egg-pupal survival was predicted to be low in females mated to hybrid F1 males but average when a male mates with a hybrid F1 female. Survival was in fact significantly reduced when females mated to hybrid males but egg-pupal survival was significantly increased when males were mated to hybrid F1 females. These observations are therefore inconclusive with regards to Haldane’s rule. Basic cytogenetic analyses and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) experiments were performed to compare SenAae strains with the IB12 strain of Aaa that was used for genome sequencing and physical mapping. Some SenAae strains had longer chromosomes than IB12 and significantly different centromeric indices on chromosomes 1 and 3. DAPI staining

Integration of XRootD into the cloud infrastructure for ALICE data analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Kompaniets, Mikhail; Shadura, Oksana; Svirin, Pavlo; Yurchenko, Volodymyr; Zarochentsev, Andrey

2015-12-01

Cloud technologies allow easy load balancing between different tasks and projects. From the viewpoint of the data analysis in the ALICE experiment, cloud allows to deploy software using Cern Virtual Machine (CernVM) and CernVM File System (CVMFS), to run different (including outdated) versions of software for long term data preservation and to dynamically allocate resources for different computing activities, e.g. grid site, ALICE Analysis Facility (AAF) and possible usage for local projects or other LHC experiments. We present a cloud solution for Tier-3 sites based on OpenStack and Ceph distributed storage with an integrated XRootD based storage element (SE). One of the key features of the solution is based on idea that Ceph has been used as a backend for Cinder Block Storage service for OpenStack, and in the same time as a storage backend for XRootD, with redundancy and availability of data preserved by Ceph settings. For faster and easier OpenStack deployment was applied the Packstack solution, which is based on the Puppet configuration management system. Ceph installation and configuration operations are structured and converted to Puppet manifests describing node configurations and integrated into Packstack. This solution can be easily deployed, maintained and used even in small groups with limited computing resources and small organizations, which usually have lack of IT support. The proposed infrastructure has been tested on two different clouds (SPbSU & BITP) and integrates successfully with the ALICE data analysis model.

Influence of low ozone episodes on erythemal UV-B radiation in Austria

Science.gov (United States)

Schwarz, Matthias; Baumgartner, Dietmar J.; Pietsch, Helga; Blumthaler, Mario; Weihs, Philipp; Rieder, Harald E.

2017-06-01

This study investigates the influence of low ozone episodes on UV-B radiation in Austria during the period 1999 to 2015. To this aim observations of total column ozone (TCO) in the Greater Alpine Region (Arosa, Switzerland; Hohenpeissenberg, Germany; Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Sonnblick, Austria), and erythemal UV-B radiation, available from 12 sites of the Austrian UV-B monitoring network, are analyzed. As previous definitions for low ozone episodes are not particularly suited to investigate effects on UV radiation, a novel threshold approach—considering anomalies—is developed to provide a joint framework for the analysis of extremes. TCO and UV extremes are negatively correlated, although modulating effects of sunshine duration impact the robustness of the statistical relationship. Therefore, information on relative sunshine duration (SDrel), available at (or nearby) UV-B monitoring sites, is included as explanatory variable in the analysis. The joint analysis of anomalies of both UV index (UVI) and total ozone (∆UVI, ∆TCO) and SDrel across sites shows that more than 65% of observations with strongly negative ozone anomalies (∆TCO 1), we find (across all sites) that about 90% correspond to negative ∆TCO. The remaining 10% of days occurred during fair weather conditions (SDrel ≥ 80%) explaining the appearance of ∆UVI > 1 despite positive TCO anomalies. Further, we introduce an anomaly amplification factor (AAF), which quantifies the expected change of the ∆UVI for a given change in ∆TCO.

Characterization of two distinct liver progenitor cell subpopulations of hematopoietic and hepatic origins

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Corcelle, V.; Stieger, B.; Gjinovci, A.; Wollheim, C.B.; Gauthier, B.R.

2006-01-01

Despite extensive studies, the hematopoietic versus hepatic origin of liver progenitor oval cells remains controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the origin of such cells after liver injury and to establish an oval cell line. Rat liver injury was induced by subcutaneous insertion of 2-AAF pellets for 7 days with subsequent injection of CCl 4 . Livers were removed 9 to 13 days post-CCl 4 treatment. Immunohistochemistry was performed using anti-c-kit, OV6, Thy1, CK19, AFP, vWF and Rab3b. Isolated non-parenchymal cells were grown on mouse embryonic fibroblast, and their gene expression profile was characterized by RT-PCR. We identified a subpopulation of OV6/CK19/Rab3b-expressing cells that was activated in the periportal region of traumatized livers. We also characterized a second subpopulation that expressed the HSCs marker c-kit but not Thy1. Although we successfully isolated both cell types, OV6/CK19/Rab3b + cells fail to propagate while c-kit + -HSCs appeared to proliferate for up to 7 weeks. Cells formed clusters which expressed c-kit, Thy1 and albumin. Our results indicate that a bona fide oval progenitor cell population resides within the liver and is distinct from c-kit + -HSCs. Oval cells require the hepatic niche to proliferate, while cells mobilized from the circulation proliferate and transdifferentiate into hepatocytes without evidence of cell fusion

Arctic Black Carbon Loading and Profile Using the Single-Particle Soot Photometer (SP2) Field Campaign Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sedlacek, Arthur J [Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

2016-05-01

��s deployment within the Arctic Circle during the summer of 2015 (Deadhorse, Alaska [70° 12' 20" N, 148° 30' 42" W]), the truly unique opportunity presented itself to acquire profile data on BC loading at little additional cost. Since the SP2 is a particle-resolved measurement, the resulting data set provides refractory black carbon (rBC) mass loadings, size and mass distributions, and rBC-containing particle mixing state, all of which are expected to readily find value in the modeling community. As part of the ACME-V (http://www.arm.gov/campaigns/aaf2014armacmev) campaign, CO, CO2, and CH4 were also measured, providing the unique opportunity for carbon closure. We will also work closely with modelers who require such data and expect this collaboration will lead directly to a better understanding of the climate impacts of BC in the Arctic. The primary measurement objective was to acquire airborne data on the vertical and spatial distributions of refractory black carbon (rBC) loading, size and mass distribution, and particle mixing state. The primary scientific objective was to provide a targeted data set of rBC particle distributions to better understand and constrain the impact of black carbon radiative forcing in the cryosphere. The SP2-based data set during this campaign is available in the DOE-ARM archive (http://www.arm.gov/campaigns/aaf2015abclp).

A fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for determining benzodiazepines and analogues in urine. Validation and application to real cases of forensic interest.

Science.gov (United States)

Salomone, Alberto; Gerace, Enrico; Brizio, Paola; Gennaro, M Carla; Vincenti, Marco

2011-11-01

A fast liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric method was developed for the simultaneous determination in human urine of seventeen benzodiazepines, four relevant metabolites together plus zolpidem and zopiclone. The sample preparation, optimized to take into account the matrix effect, was based on enzymatic hydrolysis and liquid-liquid extraction. The separation of the twenty-three analytes was achieved in less than eight minutes. The whole methodology was fully validated according to UNI EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 rules and 2006 SOFT/AAFS guidelines. Selectivity, linearity range, identification (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) limits, precision, accuracy and recovery were evaluated. For all the species the signal/concentration linearity was satisfactory in the 50-1000 ng/mL concentration range. The limits of detection ranged from 0.5 to 30 ng/mL and LOQs from 1.7 to 100.0 ng/mL. Precisions were in the ranges 5.0-11.8%, 1.5-11.0% and 1.1-4.4% for low (100 ng/mL), medium (300 ng/mL) and high (1000 ng/mL) concentration, respectively. The accuracy, expressed as bias% was within ± 25 % for all the analytes. The recovery values, evaluated at 300 ng/mL concentration, ranged from 56.2% to 98.8%. The present method for the determination of several benzodiazepines, zolpidem and zopiclone in human urine proved to be simple, fast, specific and sensitive. The quantification by LC-MS/MS was successfully applied to 329 forensic cases among driving re-licensing, car accidents and alleged sexual violence cases. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

[Virulence markers of Escherichia coli O1 strains].

Science.gov (United States)

Makarova, M A; Kaftyreva, L A; Grigor'eva, N S; Kicha, E V; Lipatova, L A

2011-01-01

To detect virulence genes in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli O1 using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). One hundred and twenty strains of E.coli O1 strains isolated from faeces of patients with acute diarrhea (n = 45) and healthy persons (n = 75) were studied. PCR with primers for rfb and fliC genes, which control synthesis of O- and H- antigens respectively, was used. Fourteen virulence genes (pap, aaf, sfa, afa, eaeA, bfpA, ial, hly, cnf, stx1, stx2, lt, st, and aer) were detected by PCR primers. K1-antigen was determined by Pastorex Meningo B/E. coli O1 kit (Bio-Rad). rfb gene controlling O-antigen synthesis in serogroup O1 as well as fliC gene controlling synthesis of H7 and K1 antigens were detected in all strains. Thus all E. coli strains had antigenic structure O1:K1 :H-:F7. Virulence genes aafl, sfa, afa, eaeA, bfpA, ial, hly, cnf, stx1, stx2, lt, and st were not detected. All strains owned pap and aer genes regardless of the presence of acute diarrhea symptoms. It was shown that E. coli O1:KI:H-:F7 strains do not have virulence genes which are characteristic for diarrhea-causing Escherichia. In accordance with the presence of pap and aer genes they could be attributed to uropathogenic Escherichia (UPEC) or avian-pathogenic Escherichia (APEC). It is necessary to detect virulence factors in order to determine E. coli as a cause of intestinal infection.

Avian influenza virus (H5N1; effects of physico-chemical factors on its survival

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hameed Sajid

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Present study was performed to determine the effects of physical and chemical agents on infective potential of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI H5N1 (local strain virus recently isolated in Pakistan during 2006 outbreak. H5N1 virus having titer 108.3 ELD50/ml was mixed with sterilized peptone water to get final dilution of 4HA units and then exposed to physical (temperature, pH and ultraviolet light and chemical (formalin, phenol crystals, iodine crystals, CID 20, virkon®-S, zeptin 10%, KEPCIDE 300, KEPCIDE 400, lifebuoy, surf excel and caustic soda agents. Harvested amnio-allantoic fluid (AAF from embryonated chicken eggs inoculated with H5N1 treated virus (0.2 ml/egg was subjected to haemagglutination (HA and haemagglutination inhibition (HI tests. H5N1 virus lost infectivity after 30 min at 56°C, after 1 day at 28°C but remained viable for more than 100 days at 4°C. Acidic pH (1, 3 and basic pH (11, 13 were virucidal after 6 h contact time; however virus retained infectivity at pH 5 (18 h, 7 and 9 (more than 24 h. UV light was proved ineffectual in inactivating virus completely even after 60 min. Soap (lifebuoy®, detergent (surf excel® and alkali (caustic soda destroyed infectivity after 5 min at 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% dilution. All commercially available disinfectants inactivated virus at recommended concentrations. Results of present study would be helpful in implementing bio-security measures at farms/hatcheries levels in the wake of avian influenza virus (AIV outbreak.

Bilimsel Toplantı Duyuruları

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği ATUD

2006-08-01

Full Text Available AAFS 59th Annual Scientific Meeting 19-24 February 2007, USA Further information: San Antonio, TX. Tel: (250 426-7282 Web: www.asfo.org SAFCON-2007 South Asian And VII Annual National Conference Of Indian Congress Of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 24-25 March 2007, India Further information: E-mail: safcon2007@forensicindia.com Web: www.icfmt.org SCANNING 2007 “Scanning Microscopy In Forensics Science” 10-12 April 2007 CA,USA Further information S. Frank Platek, Forensic Chemistry Center, US Food and Drug Administration, 6751 Steger Drive, Cincinnati, OH Tel: 513-679-2700 x254 Email: fplatek@ora.fda.gov Web: www.fams.org The 9th Annual Conference of BAHID 12-14 April 2007, United Kingdom University of Surrey, Guildford Further information: Web:www.bahid.org AFDIL’s International Training Course 16-20 April 2007, USA Extraction of DNA from Aged Skeletal Remains and Forensic Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Further information: The Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory, 1413 Research Blvd, Bldg, 101, Rockville, MD 20850 25th Annual CME Symposium in Forensic Psychiatry April 26-29, 2007 Santa Fe, New Mexico - Inn and Spa at Loretto Further information : American College of Forensic Psychiatry PO Box 5870, Balboa Island CA 92662 Tel: (949 673-7773 www.forensicpsychonline.com VII.Adli Bilimler Sempozyumu Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmaline Güncel Yaklaşımlar 24-27 Mayıs 2007, Gaziantep İletişim: Dr.Aysun BARANSEL ISIR Gaziantep Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Adli Tıp A.D. Tel: 0 342 360 60 60 / 76181 E-posta: aybaransel@yahoo.com Web: www.atud.org

Embryonic turkey liver: activities of biotransformation enzymes and activation of DNA-reactive carcinogens

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perrone, Carmen E.; Duan, Jian Dong; Jeffrey, Alan M.; Williams, Gary M.; Ahr, Hans-Juergen; Schmidt, Ulrich; Enzmann, Harald H.

2004-01-01

Avian embryos are a potential alternative model for chemical toxicity and carcinogenicity research. Because the toxic and carcinogenic effects of some chemicals depend on bioactivation, activities of biotransformation enzymes and formation of DNA adducts in embryonic turkey liver were examined. Biochemical analyses of 22-day in ovoturkey liver post-mitochondrial fractions revealed activities of the biotransformation enzymes 7-ethoxycoumarin de-ethylase (ECOD), 7-ethoxyresorufin de-ethylase (EROD), aldrin epoxidase (ALD), epoxide hydrolase (EH), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and UDP-glucuronyltransferase (GLUT). Following the administration of phenobarbital (24 mg/egg) on day 21, enzyme activities of ECOD, EROD, ALD, EH and GLUT, but not of GST, were increased by two-fold or higher levels by day 22. In contrast, acute administration of 3-methylcholanthrene (5 mg/egg) induced only ECOD and EROD activities. Bioactivation of structurally diverse pro-carcinogens was also examined using 32 P-postlabeling for DNA adducts. In ovoexposure of turkey embryos on day 20 of gestation to 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF), 4,4'-methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) (MOCA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) resulted in the formation of DNA adducts in livers collected by day 21. Some of the DNA adducts had 32 P-postlabeling chromatographic migration patterns similar to DNA adducts found in livers from Fischer F344 rats exposed to the same pro-carcinogens. We conclude that 21-day embryonic turkey liver is capable of chemical biotransformation and activation of genotoxic carcinogens to form DNA adducts. Thus, turkey embryos could be utilized to investigate potential chemical toxicity and carcinogenicity. (orig.)

Holistic Interactions of Shallow Clouds, Aerosols, and Land-Ecosystems (HI-SCALE) Science Plan

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fast, JD [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Berg, LK [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

2015-12-01

Cumulus convection is an important component in the atmospheric radiation budget and hydrologic cycle over the Southern Great Plains and over many regions of the world, particularly during the summertime growing season when intense turbulence induced by surface radiation couples the land surface to clouds. Current convective cloud parameterizations contain uncertainties resulting in part from insufficient coincident data that couples cloud macrophysical and microphysical properties to inhomogeneities in boundary layer and aerosol properties. The Holistic Interactions of Shallow Clouds, Aerosols, and Land-Ecosystems (HI-SCALE) campaign is designed to provide a detailed set of measurements that are needed to obtain a more complete understanding of the life cycle of shallow clouds by coupling cloud macrophysical and microphysical properties to land surface properties, ecosystems, and aerosols. HI-SCALE consists of 2, 4-week intensive observational periods, one in the spring and the other in the late summer, to take advantage of different stages and distribution of “greenness” for various types of vegetation in the vicinity of the Atmospheric Radiation and Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility’s Southern Great Plains (SGP) site as well as aerosol properties that vary during the growing season. Most of the proposed instrumentation will be deployed on the ARM Aerial Facility (AAF) Gulfstream 1 (G-1) aircraft, including those that measure atmospheric turbulence, cloud water content and drop size distributions, aerosol precursor gases, aerosol chemical composition and size distributions, and cloud condensation nuclei concentrations. Routine ARM aerosol measurements made at the surface will be supplemented with aerosol microphysical properties measurements. The G-1 aircraft will complete transects over the SGP Central Facility at multiple altitudes within the boundary layer, within clouds, and above clouds.

Embryonic turkey liver: activities of biotransformation enzymes and activation of DNA-reactive carcinogens

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perrone, Carmen E.; Duan, Jian Dong; Jeffrey, Alan M.; Williams, Gary M. [New York Medical College, Department of Pathology, Valhalla (United States); Ahr, Hans-Juergen; Schmidt, Ulrich [Bayer AG, Institute of Toxicology, Wuppertal (Germany); Enzmann, Harald H. [Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, Bonn (Germany)

2004-10-01

Avian embryos are a potential alternative model for chemical toxicity and carcinogenicity research. Because the toxic and carcinogenic effects of some chemicals depend on bioactivation, activities of biotransformation enzymes and formation of DNA adducts in embryonic turkey liver were examined. Biochemical analyses of 22-day in ovoturkey liver post-mitochondrial fractions revealed activities of the biotransformation enzymes 7-ethoxycoumarin de-ethylase (ECOD), 7-ethoxyresorufin de-ethylase (EROD), aldrin epoxidase (ALD), epoxide hydrolase (EH), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and UDP-glucuronyltransferase (GLUT). Following the administration of phenobarbital (24 mg/egg) on day 21, enzyme activities of ECOD, EROD, ALD, EH and GLUT, but not of GST, were increased by two-fold or higher levels by day 22. In contrast, acute administration of 3-methylcholanthrene (5 mg/egg) induced only ECOD and EROD activities. Bioactivation of structurally diverse pro-carcinogens was also examined using {sup 32}P-postlabeling for DNA adducts. In ovoexposure of turkey embryos on day 20 of gestation to 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF), 4,4'-methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) (MOCA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) resulted in the formation of DNA adducts in livers collected by day 21. Some of the DNA adducts had {sup 32}P-postlabeling chromatographic migration patterns similar to DNA adducts found in livers from Fischer F344 rats exposed to the same pro-carcinogens. We conclude that 21-day embryonic turkey liver is capable of chemical biotransformation and activation of genotoxic carcinogens to form DNA adducts. Thus, turkey embryos could be utilized to investigate potential chemical toxicity and carcinogenicity. (orig.)

A participação dos ergonomistas nos projetos organizacionais

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marçal Jackson

1999-12-01

Full Text Available Neste texto, pretende-se apresentar, em resposta às condicionantes conceituais e metodológicas colocadas por Salerno, uma abordagem metodológica, a abordagem da atividade futura (AAF, que viabiliza a participação dos ergonomistas em projetos organizacionais. Nessa abordagem, que tem a Análise Ergonômica do Trabalho (AET como base, os ergonomistas não sustentam unicamente a posição clínica, característica da AET, mas assumem o papel de "atores do processo de projeto" a fim de cooperar com os diferentes atores da empresa: diretores, gerentes, engenheiros, trabalhadores. Todavia, a participação efetiva da Ergonomia depende de nova forma de conceber a organização, que deve ser abordada não somente através de sua dimensão estrutural, mas também através das "regulações sociais necessárias à manutenção e à construção da organização do trabalho".In response to Salerno's theoretical and methodological constraints to ergonomists participation in organisational design process, this paper proposes a new approach based in future work activity forecasting. Even if the Ergonomie Work Analysis (EWA is the underlying methodological tool, in this approach, ergonomists must assume a new role, as "actors of the design process", and co-operate with the others company actors: managers, engineers, foremen and workers. But to be more effective, ergonomie intervention needs a new framework of "organisation" issues. To be more effective, it will be argued that one must approach organisâtionnal design not only by its structural components but also by its inherent social interactions and adjustments.

RACORO continental boundary layer cloud investigations: 1. Case study development and ensemble large-scale forcings

Science.gov (United States)

Vogelmann, Andrew M.; Fridlind, Ann M.; Toto, Tami; Endo, Satoshi; Lin, Wuyin; Wang, Jian; Feng, Sha; Zhang, Yunyan; Turner, David D.; Liu, Yangang; Li, Zhijin; Xie, Shaocheng; Ackerman, Andrew S.; Zhang, Minghua; Khairoutdinov, Marat

2015-06-01

Observation-based modeling case studies of continental boundary layer clouds have been developed to study cloudy boundary layers, aerosol influences upon them, and their representation in cloud- and global-scale models. Three 60 h case study periods span the temporal evolution of cumulus, stratiform, and drizzling boundary layer cloud systems, representing mixed and transitional states rather than idealized or canonical cases. Based on in situ measurements from the Routine AAF (Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Aerial Facility) CLOWD (Clouds with Low Optical Water Depth) Optical Radiative Observations (RACORO) field campaign and remote sensing observations, the cases are designed with a modular configuration to simplify use in large-eddy simulations (LES) and single-column models. Aircraft measurements of aerosol number size distribution are fit to lognormal functions for concise representation in models. Values of the aerosol hygroscopicity parameter, κ, are derived from observations to be 0.10, which are lower than the 0.3 typical over continents and suggestive of a large aerosol organic fraction. Ensemble large-scale forcing data sets are derived from the ARM variational analysis, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, and a multiscale data assimilation system. The forcings are assessed through comparison of measured bulk atmospheric and cloud properties to those computed in "trial" large-eddy simulations, where more efficient run times are enabled through modest reductions in grid resolution and domain size compared to the full-sized LES grid. Simulations capture many of the general features observed, but the state-of-the-art forcings were limited at representing details of cloud onset, and tight gradients and high-resolution transients of importance. Methods for improving the initial conditions and forcings are discussed. The cases developed are available to the general modeling community for studying continental boundary clouds.

Determining Best Estimates and Uncertainties in Cloud Microphysical Parameters from ARM Field Data: Implications for Models, Retrieval Schemes and Aerosol-Cloud-Radiation Interactions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

McFarquhar, Greg [Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL (United States)

2015-12-28

We proposed to analyze in-situ cloud data collected during ARM/ASR field campaigns to create databases of cloud microphysical properties and their uncertainties as needed for the development of improved cloud parameterizations for models and remote sensing retrievals, and for evaluation of model simulations and retrievals. In particular, we proposed to analyze data collected over the Southern Great Plains (SGP) during the Mid-latitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E), the Storm Peak Laboratory Cloud Property Validation Experiment (STORMVEX), the Small Particles in Cirrus (SPARTICUS) Experiment and the Routine AAF Clouds with Low Optical Water Depths (CLOWD) Optical Radiative Observations (RACORO) field campaign, over the North Slope of Alaska during the Indirect and Semi-Direct Aerosol Campaign (ISDAC) and the Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment (M-PACE), and over the Tropical Western Pacific (TWP) during The Tropical Warm Pool International Cloud Experiment (TWP-ICE), to meet the following 3 objectives; derive statistical databases of single ice particle properties (aspect ratio AR, dominant habit, mass, projected area) and distributions of ice crystals (size distributions SDs, mass-dimension m-D, area-dimension A-D relations, mass-weighted fall speeds, single-scattering properties, total concentrations N, ice mass contents IWC), complete with uncertainty estimates; assess processes by which aerosols modulate cloud properties in arctic stratus and mid-latitude cumuli, and quantify aerosol’s influence in context of varying meteorological and surface conditions; and determine how ice cloud microphysical, single-scattering and fall-out properties and contributions of small ice crystals to such properties vary according to location, environment, surface, meteorological and aerosol conditions, and develop parameterizations of such effects.In this report we describe the accomplishments that we made on all 3 research objectives.

CCD time-series photometry of the globular cluster NGC 5053: RR Lyrae, Blue Stragglers and SX Phoenicis stars revisited

Science.gov (United States)

Arellano Ferro, A.; Giridhar, Sunetra; Bramich, D. M.

2010-02-01

We report the results of CCD V, r and I time-series photometry of the globular cluster NGC 5053. New times of maximum light are given for the eight known RR Lyrae stars in the field of our images, and their periods are revised. Their V light curves were Fourier decomposed to estimate their physical parameters. A discussion on the accuracy of the Fourier-based iron abundances, temperatures, masses and radii is given. New periods are found for the five known SX Phe stars, and a critical discussion of their secular period changes is offered. The mean iron abundance for the RR Lyrae stars is found to be [Fe/H] ~ -1.97 +/- 0.16 and lower values are not supported by the present analysis. The absolute magnitude calibrations of the RR Lyrae stars yield an average true distance modulus of 16.12 +/- 0.04 or a distance of 16.7 +/- 0.3 kpc. Comparison of the observational colour magnitude diagram (CMD) with theoretical isochrones indicates an age of 12.5 +/- 2.0 Gyr for the cluster. A careful identification of all reported blue stragglers (BS) and their V, I magnitudes leads to the conclusion that BS12, BS22, BS23 and BS24 are not BS. On the other hand, three new BS are reported. Variability was found in seven BS, very likely of the SX Phe type in five of them, and in one red giant star. The new SX Phe stars follow established Period-Luminosity relationships and indicate a distance in agreement with the distance from the RR Lyrae stars. Based on observations collected at the Indian Astrophysical Observatory, Hanle, India. E-mail: armando@astroscu.unam.mx (AAF); giridhar@iiap.res.in (SG); dan.bramich@hotmail.co.uk (DMB)

Content of arsenic, selenium, mercury in the coal, food, clay and drinking water on the Zhaotong fluorosis area, eastern Yunnan Province

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Luo Kun-li; Li Hui-jie; Chen Tong-bin (and others) [Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (China). Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research

2008-03-15

About 160 samples of coal, corn, capsicum and drinking water were collected from the endemic fluorosis area of Zhenxiong and Weixin County, Zhaotong City of Yunnan Province, to determine the arsenic (As), selenium (Se) and mercury (Hg) content by AAF-800. The study found that the As content in the main coal seam from the Late Permian coal mines in Zhaotong City is 8.84 mg/kg and some civil coal can reach 89.09 mg/kg. The Se and Hg in the coal samples of Late Permian is lower, but Se and Hg are more concentrated in the pyritic coal balls and the pyritic gangue of the coal seam. The As content in corn and capsicum dried by coal-burning is more than 0.7 mg/kg, the natural standard amount of arsenic content permitted in food by China. The Se and Hg content in corn dried by coal-burning is lower than the natural standard of Se and Hg content in food in China but the Se and Hg content of capsicum dried by coal-burning exceeds the amount permitted by the natural standard for food in China. Clay, used as an additive for the coal-burning process and as a binder in making briquettes, contains a high content of As, generally more than 16 mg/kg. However, the Se and Hg content of clay itself are low. The As, Se and Hg content of drinking water are lower than the natural standard of As, Se and Hg content in the drinking water. So, there is high-As content coal and high-As content dried corn and capsicum in the endemic fluorosis area of Zhaotong City of Yunnan Province. The high As content of the dried corn and capsicum might have originated from the high arsenic content of burnt coal and clay. 30 refs., 4 tabs.

RACORO Continental Boundary Layer Cloud Investigations: 1. Case Study Development and Ensemble Large-Scale Forcings

Science.gov (United States)

Vogelmann, Andrew M.; Fridlind, Ann M.; Toto, Tami; Endo, Satoshi; Lin, Wuyin; Wang, Jian; Feng, Sha; Zhang, Yunyan; Turner, David D.; Liu, Yangang;

Combined Analysis of the Fruit Metabolome and Transcriptome Reveals Candidate Genes Involved in Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Actinidia arguta.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Yukuo; Fang, Jinbao; Qi, Xiujuan; Lin, Miaomiao; Zhong, Yunpeng; Sun, Leiming; Cui, Wen

2018-05-15

To assess the interrelation between the change of metabolites and the change of fruit color, we performed a combined metabolome and transcriptome analysis of the flesh in two different Actinidia arguta cultivars: "HB" ("Hongbaoshixing") and "YF" ("Yongfengyihao") at two different fruit developmental stages: 70d (days after full bloom) and 100d (days after full bloom). Metabolite and transcript profiling was obtained by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometer and high-throughput RNA sequencing, respectively. The identification and quantification results of metabolites showed that a total of 28,837 metabolites had been obtained, of which 13,715 were annotated. In comparison of HB100 vs. HB70, 41 metabolites were identified as being flavonoids, 7 of which, with significant difference, were identified as bracteatin, luteolin, dihydromyricetin, cyanidin, pelargonidin, delphinidin and (-)-epigallocatechin. Association analysis between metabolome and transcriptome revealed that there were two metabolic pathways presenting significant differences during fruit development, one of which was flavonoid biosynthesis, in which 14 structural genes were selected to conduct expression analysis, as well as 5 transcription factor genes obtained by transcriptome analysis. RT-qPCR results and cluster analysis revealed that AaF3H , AaLDOX , AaUFGT , AaMYB , AabHLH , and AaHB2 showed the best possibility of being candidate genes. A regulatory network of flavonoid biosynthesis was established to illustrate differentially expressed candidate genes involved in accumulation of metabolites with significant differences, inducing red coloring during fruit development. Such a regulatory network linking genes and flavonoids revealed a system involved in the pigmentation of all-red-fleshed and all-green-fleshed A. arguta , suggesting this conjunct analysis approach is not only useful in understanding the relationship between genotype and phenotype

Bilimsel Toplantı Duyuruları

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği ATUD

2010-04-01

Full Text Available 24th Annual San Diego International Conference on Child and Family Maltreatment January 24, 2010-January 29, 2010 San Diego C, USA URL: http://www.chadwickcenter.org/conference AAFS 62nd Annual Scientific Meeting 22 February 2010-27 February 2010 Putting Our Forensic House in Order: Examining Validation and Expelling Incompetence Seattle, WA 98101 URL: www.aafs.org/default.asp?section_id=meetings&page_id= aafs_annual_meeting 49th Annual Meeting of the US Society of Toxicology (SOT 7 March 2010-11 March 2010 Salt Lake City, Utah, USA URL: www.toxicology.org/AI/MEET/AM2010/ XIXth Mediterranean International Congress of Legal Medicine 7 April 2010-10 April 2010 Tozeur, Tunisia URL: www.aefms.org/j.med.leg.tozeur/jmmlE/index.html ESF-LiU Conference 3 May 2010-7 May 2010 Violations of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law: Investigation and Prevention of Torture and Death in Custody Linköping, Sweden URL: www.esf.org/conferences/10318 7th Annual Meeting Balkan Academy of Forensic Science 03 June 2010-06 June 2010 Tirana, Albania URL: http://www.balkanforensic.org 68th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Questioned Document Examiners (ASQDE 28 September 2010 Victoria, BC, USA URL: www.asqde.org 20th International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences (ANZFSS 5 September 2010-9 September 2010 Sydney, Australia URL: www.anzfss2010.com 10th Indo Pacific Congress on Legal Medicine and Forensic Science 25 - 30 October 2010 New Delhi, India E-mail : p kchatt op adhyay@amity.edu National Association of Medical Examiners 44th Annual Meeting 1 October 2010-6 October 2010 Cleveland, OH. USA URL: www.thename.org 46. Ulusal Psikiyatri Kongresi 5\tEkim 2010-9 Ekim 2010 İzmir, Türkiye URL: http://www.psikiyatri2010.org/ 9. Adli Bilimler Kongresi 14 Ekim 2010-17 Ekim 2010 İzmir, Türkiye http://www.atud.org/ EuroForensics: Digital & Medical Forensic Sciences Conference and Exhibition March 24, 2011-March 26, 2011 Istanbul, Turkey URL: http ://www

The Joint Staff/J-5 and A-AF CLIC (Center for Low Intensity Conflict) Planning and Policy in Low Intensity Conflict Conference held in Hampton, Virginia on 13-15 December 1988

Science.gov (United States)

1988-12-15

over" or written off Egypt’s large military debt to the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union also offers more attractive countertrade and barter deals than...America to Third World arms customers. Unlike the United States, the Soviets have many years of experience in the countertrade and barter business

ACAPEX – Ship-Based Ice Nuclei Collections Field Campaign Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

DeMott, Paul J [Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States); Hill, Thomas CJ [Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States)

2016-04-01

Measurements were sought to evaluate a hypotheses that sea-spray-sourced ice-nucleating particles (INPs) are of biological origin and represent a distinctly different INP population in comparison to long-range-transported desert or urban and regional land-sourced INP, and that the layering of marine within other aerosol layers feeding orographic storms over the mountains of California and the Western United States thereby leads to common and quantifiable scenarios that influence precipitation over the region. Aerosol collections on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) research vessel (RV) Ronald H. Brown, for subsequent processing of INP immersion freezing activation temperature spectra and composition analyses, added a valuable measurement component to the ARM Cloud Aerosol Precipitation Experiment (ACAPEX) and related CalWater2 (NOAA) studies for use in parameterizing and modeling the impacts of marine boundary layer and other aerosols on climate and radiation via aerosol indirect effects on mixed-phase clouds. Twenty-five nominally 24-hour collections were made and have been processed for immersion freezing INP number concentrations versus temperature in the mixed-phase cloud temperature regime from -10 to -27°C. The similarity of INP number concentrations compared to typical marine boundary layer values attributed to sea-spray aerosols was noted. Nevertheless, variability of INP concentrations of up to 50 times was noted at individual temperatures over the course of the study. A particular analysis possible with this data set is to examine INP budgets over oceans inside versus outside of atmospheric river conditions. These INP measurements supplemented multiple airborne INP measurements on the ARM Aerial Facility (AAF), and others on the ground during ACAPEX and CalWater2, to provide extensive spatial and temporal analyses of INP immersion freezing spectra during winter storm periods. Future analyses will use thermal sensitivity to

Discovery of Point Mutations in the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel from African Aedes aegypti Populations: Potential Phylogenetic Reasons for Gene Introgression

Science.gov (United States)

Muranami, Yuto; Kawashima, Emiko; Osei, Joseph H. N.; Sakyi, Kojo Yirenkyi; Dadzie, Samuel; de Souza, Dziedzom K.; Appawu, Maxwell; Ohta, Nobuo; Minakawa, Noboru

2016-01-01

Background Yellow fever is endemic in some countries in Africa, and Aedes aegpyti is one of the most important vectors implicated in the outbreak. The mapping of the nation-wide distribution and the detection of insecticide resistance of vector mosquitoes will provide the beneficial information for forecasting of dengue and yellow fever outbreaks and effective control measures. Methodology/Principal Findings High resistance to DDT was observed in all mosquito colonies collected in Ghana. The resistance and the possible existence of resistance or tolerance to permethrin were suspected in some colonies. High frequencies of point mutations at the voltage-gated sodium channel (F1534C) and one heterozygote of the other mutation (V1016I) were detected, and this is the first detection on the African continent. The frequency of F1534C allele and the ratio of F1534C homozygotes in Ae. aegypti aegypti (Aaa) were significantly higher than those in Ae. aegypti formosus (Aaf). We could detect the two types of introns between exon 20 and 21, and the F1534C mutations were strongly linked with one type of intron, which was commonly found in South East Asian and South and Central American countries, suggesting the possibility that this mutation was introduced from other continents or convergently selected after the introgression of Aaa genes from the above area. Conclusions/Significance The worldwide eradication programs in 1940s and 1950s might have caused high selection pressure on the mosquito populations and expanded the distribution of insecticide-resistant Ae. aegypti populations. Selection of the F1534C point mutation could be hypothesized to have taken place during this period. The selection of the resistant population of Ae. aegypti with the point mutation of F1534C, and the worldwide transportation of vector mosquitoes in accordance with human activity such as trading of used tires, might result in the widespread distribution of F1534C point mutation in tropical countries

Development of a Bi-Disciplinary Course in Forensic Science

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stacey L. Raimondi

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Forensic science programs and courses have traditionally been housed within chemistry departments at the college/university level, largely because the pioneers of the field were chemists who applied technology that was more chemical than biological in nature. However, with the development of such areas of study as DNA analysis, anatomical studies, and forensic entomology, it is becoming more and more important for forensic science students to have a strong biological background as well as a chemical background. Furthermore, while biology students are typically required to have extensive chemistry training as part of their major, the converse is not true for chemistry students. Therefore, it is possible that a student interested in forensic science could complete a major in chemistry and never have taken a biology class, leaving them woefully under-prepared for any type of masters program or career in forensic science immediately following graduation. Indeed, an examination of available positions in forensic science shows a large number of positions for DNA analysts for which the typical chemistry student would not be prepared without extensive biology training (http://www.aafs.org. Furthermore, positions for medical examiners or pathologists require extensive training in biology in addition to the continued medical training and residency programs. Therefore, it seems imperative that introductory forensic science courses adapt to these needs and be taught with a more bi-disciplinary approach in order to educate students on the whole field rather than one aspect. To that end, a new bi-disciplinary Forensic Science course was developed at Elmhurst College. This course was team-taught by a biology and a chemistry professor so that students would obtain a thorough understanding of the field and techniques used by both biologists and chemists. A description of this new version of a forensic science course follows, focusing on the addition of biology

Contributions of COPD, asthma, and ten comorbid conditions to health care utilization and patient-centered outcomes among US adults with obstructive airway disease

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Murphy TE

2017-08-01

% and 68% of the PCOs. Cognitive impairment, diabetes, hypertension, and stroke also made significant contributions. Keywords: average attributable fraction, AAF, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD, patient-centered outcomes, health care utilization

Removal of Arsenic from Drinking Water Using Modified Activated Alumina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohammad Mosaferi

2005-09-01

Full Text Available Considering contamination of drinking water to arsenic in some villages ofIran. In order to develop a simple method for household water treatment in rural areas, efficiency of  modified activated alumina with iron compounds- a product of Alcan Company with trade name of AAFS-50- was studied Equilibrium batch experiments were carried out using shaker incubator and arsenic was analyzed with SDDC method. Effects of initial concentration of arsenic, adsorbent dose, oxidation state of arsenic, pH and oxidation with chlorine on adsorption were studied. Correlation coefficient of Freundlich and Laungmuier  isotherms  for As(V and As(III were 0.964 , 0.991 and 0.970, 0.978 respectively . These results show that adsorption of arsenic on modified activated alumina is compatible with both models specially Laungmuier models. Removal efficiency of As(V at 0.5 ,1 and 2 hr increased with doubling the adsorbent dose from 44.8 to 72%, 69.6 to 90.8 and 92.4 to 98% ; respectively. Experiments using different concentrations of arsenic showed that adsorption of arsenic on activated alumina are a first order reaction that is, rate of reaction is dependent on intial; concentration of arsenic. Removal efficiency for concentration of 0.250 mg/L of arsenic, with increasing of reaction time from 15 min to 60 min, increased 1.54 times and reached from 61% to 94%. During 2hrs, removal of As(V and As(III were 96% and 16% respectively. Using 1.5 mg/L Chlorine as oxidant agent, removal of As(III was increased to 94%. In the case of pH effect, rate of adsorption increased for arsenite, with increasing of pH to 8 and decreased with more increasing, so that adsorption at pH 14 was equal to pH 2. For arsenate, the most adsorption was observed at pH between 6 to 8 . These results show that by using the studied activated alumina, there will not be need for adjustment of pH and the activated alumina used in this study could have application as a safe adsorbent for removal of

NASA Tech Briefs, November 2008

Science.gov (United States)

2008-01-01

Topics covered include: Digital Phase Meter for a Laser Heterodyne Interferometer; Vision System Measures Motions of Robot and External Objects; Advanced Precipitation Radar Antenna to Measure Rainfall From Space; Wide-Band Radar for Measuring Thickness of Sea Ice; Vertical Isolation for Photodiodes in CMOS Imagers; Wide-Band Microwave Receivers Using Photonic Processing; L-Band Transmit/Receive Module for Phase-Stable Array Antennas; Microwave Power Combiner/Switch Utilizing a Faraday Rotator; Compact Low-Loss Planar Magic-T; Using Pipelined XNOR Logic to Reduce SEU Risks in State Machines; Quasi-Optical Transmission Line for 94-GHz Radar; Next Generation Flight Controller Trainer System; Converting from DDOR SASF to APF; Converting from CVF to AAF; Documenting AUTOGEN and APGEN Model Files; Sequence History Update Tool; Extraction and Analysis of Display Data; MRO DKF Post-Processing Tool; Rig Diagnostic Tools; MRO Sequence Checking Tool; Science Activity Planner for the MER Mission; UAVSAR Flight-Planning System; Templates for Deposition of Microscopic Pointed Structures; Adjustable Membrane Mirrors Incorporating G-Elastomers; Hall-Effect Thruster Utilizing Bismuth as Propellant; High-Temperature Crystal-Growth Cartridge Tubes Made by VPS; Quench Crucibles Reinforced with Metal; Deep-Sea Hydrothermal-Vent Sampler; Mars Rocket Propulsion System; Two-Stage Passive Vibration Isolator; Improved Thermal Design of a Compression Mold; Enhanced Pseudo-Waypoint Guidance for Spacecraft Maneuvers; Altimetry Using GPS-Reflection/Occultation Interferometry; Thermally Driven Josephson Effect; Perturbation Effects on a Supercritical C7H16/N2 Mixing Layer; Gold Nanoparticle Labels Amplify Ellipsometric Signals; Phase Matching of Diverse Modes in a WGM Resonator; WGM Resonators for Terahertz-to-Optical Frequency Conversion; Determining Concentration of Nanoparticles from Ellipsometry; Microwave-to-Optical Conversion in WGM Resonators; Four-Pass Coupler for Laser

Hygroscopic slaking of lime with steam or humid air. New energy effective lime slaking technology in kraft pulping; Hygroskopisk slaeckning av kalk med aanga eller fuktig luft. Ny energieffektiv teknik foer slaeckning av mesakalk i sulfatmassaindustrin

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lundqvist, Roland

2003-07-15

Lime stone is widely used in chemical recovery for regeneration of white liquor in kraft pulping. Slaked (hydrated) lime is used to convert (causticize) sodium carbonate into sodium hydroxide, whereby lime mud (calcium carbonate) precipitates from the solution. Lime mud is dried and reburned in a lime kiln, where burned lime (calcium oxide) is formed. The circle is closed when lime is slaked (hydrated) in green liquor in an exotherm reaction. Problems with traditional slaking method is that heat is recovered at low temperatures. With the method described in this report there is potential to increase heat recovery in the causticizing plant. The forecasted method means that lime is slaked with steam or humid air, for example combined with a lime mud drier and a lime kiln. The task has included slaking of burned lime with steam or humid hot air, on purpose to test a specific machine equipment in pilote scale, and to investigate temperatures and hydratization rates able to reach. Also the lime slaked with steam/humid air should be compared with burned lime slaked in green liquor when green liquor is causticized, and to investigate the dewatering properties of formed lime mud. The target group is pulp and paper industry using the kraft process. The tests have been performed at SMA Svenska Mineral AB plant (lime burning) at Sandarne Sweden in years 2004-2005. Project owner has been the Swedish company Torkapparater AB, and the project is performed inside the 'Vaermeforsk Program for Pulp and Paper Industry 2004-2005'. Other partners, besides SMA Svenska Mineral AB, has been Stora Enso Skoghalls Bruk, Carnot AB, AaF Process AB and KTH Energiprocesser. Hydrated lime of varying slaking rates has been produced at temperatures up to 270 deg C. Caustizicing being performed show that dewatering properties of lime mud formed is quite up to the standard of lime mud from burned lime slaked in green liquor. The apprehension, that the hygroscopic slaked lime should result

Process and machinery description of equipment for deposition of canisters in medium-long deposition holes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kalbantner, P.

2001-08-01

canisters in horizontal holes. It is recommended that in the continued work: Canister and bentonite buffer are deposited in a hole at the same time, as a package. Methods leading to minimal movement in the hole are preferred. Methods that in AAF-Industriteknik's assessment could be developed are those using a metallic sleeve gliding on a gangway in the hole. The sleeve is reused. As a second method one could develop a method using a loading laddle

Genetic Virulence Profile of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Danish Children with Either Acute or Persistent Diarrhea

Science.gov (United States)

Hebbelstrup Jensen, Betina; Poulsen, Anja; Hebbelstrup Rye Rasmussen, Stig; Struve, Carsten; Engberg, Jørgen H.; Friis-Møller, Alice; Boisen, Nadia; Jønsson, Rie; Petersen, Randi F.; Petersen, Andreas M.; Krogfelt, Karen A.

2017-01-01

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is frequently found in diarrheal stools worldwide. It has been associated with persistent diarrhea, weight loss, and failure to thrive in children living in developing countries. A number of important EAEC virulence genes are identified; however, their roles in acute and persistent diarrhea have not been previously investigated. The aim of this study was to identify specific EAEC virulence genes associated with duration and type of diarrhea in Danish children. We aimed to improve the current diagnostics of EAEC and enable targeting of strains with an expected severe disease course. Questionnaires answered by parents provided information regarding duration of diarrhea and presence of blood or mucus. A total of 295 EAEC strains were collected from children with acute (≤7 days) and persistent diarrhea (≥14 days) and were compared by using multiplex PCR targeting the genes sat, sepA, pic, sigA, pet, astA, aatA, aggR, aaiC, aap, agg3/4C, ORF3, aafA, aggA, agg3A, agg4A, and agg5A. Furthermore, the distribution of EAEC genes in strains collected from cases of bloody, mucoid, and watery diarrhea was investigated. The classification and regression tree analysis (CART) was applied to investigate the relationship between EAEC virulence genes and diarrheal duration and type. Persistent diarrhea was associated with strains lacking the pic gene (p = 0.002) and with the combination of the genes pic, sat, and absence of the aggA gene (p = 0.05). Prolonged diarrhea was associated with the combination of the genes aatA and astA (p = 0.03). Non-mucoid diarrhea was associated with strains lacking the aatA gene (p = 0.004). Acute diarrhea was associated with the genes aggR, aap, and aggA by individual odds ratios. Resistance toward gentamicin and ciprofloxacin was observed in 7.5 and 3% of strains, respectively. Multi-drug resistance was observed in 38% of strains. Genetic host factors have been associated with an increased risk of EAEC

The effects of water rock interaction and the human activities on the occurrence of hexavalent chromium in waters. The case study of the Psachna basin, Central Euboea, Greece.

Science.gov (United States)

Vasileiou, Eleni; Perraki, Maria; Stamatis, George; Gartzos, Efthimios

2014-05-01

High concentrations of heavy metals, particularly of the toxic hexavalent chromium, are recorded in surface and ground waters in many areas, and constitute one of the most severe environmental problems nowadays. The natural genesis of chromium is associated with the geological environment (peridotites and serpentintites). Chromium is structured in many minerals, mainly in spinel (e.g. chromite), in silicate minerals such as phyllosilicate serpentine minerals, chlorite, talc and chain-silicate minerals of pyroxene and amphibole group. Chromium is found in two forms in soils, waters and rocks, the hexavalent and the trivalent one. The relation between Cr(III) and Cr(VI) strongly depends on pH and oxidative properties of the area; however, in most cases, Cr(III) is the dominating variant. The natural oxidation of trivalent to hexavalent chromium can be achieved by manganese oxides, H2O2, O2 gas and oxy-hydroxides of trivalent iron. Anthropogenic factors may also cause the process of chromium's oxidation. In the Psachna basin, Central Euboea, Greece, high concentrations of hexavalent chromium were recently measured in spring- and drill- waters. In this work, we study the effect of the geological environment and of the anthropogenic activities on the water quality with emphasis on chromium. A detailed geochemical, petrological and mineralogical study of rocks and soils was carried out by means of optical microscopy, XRF, XRD and SEM/EDS. Ground and surface water samples were physically characterized and hydrochemically studied by means of ICP and AAF. Combined result evaluation indicates a natural source for the trivalent chromium in waters, attributed to the alteration of Cr-bearing minerals of the ultramafic rocks. However the oxidation of trivalent to hexavalent chromium results from anthropogenic activities, mainly from intensive agricultural activities and the extensive use of fertilizers and pesticides causing nitrate pollution in groundwater. It has been shown

Genetic Virulence Profile of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Danish Children with Either Acute or Persistent Diarrhea.

Science.gov (United States)

Hebbelstrup Jensen, Betina; Poulsen, Anja; Hebbelstrup Rye Rasmussen, Stig; Struve, Carsten; Engberg, Jørgen H; Friis-Møller, Alice; Boisen, Nadia; Jønsson, Rie; Petersen, Randi F; Petersen, Andreas M; Krogfelt, Karen A

2017-01-01

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is frequently found in diarrheal stools worldwide. It has been associated with persistent diarrhea, weight loss, and failure to thrive in children living in developing countries. A number of important EAEC virulence genes are identified; however, their roles in acute and persistent diarrhea have not been previously investigated. The aim of this study was to identify specific EAEC virulence genes associated with duration and type of diarrhea in Danish children. We aimed to improve the current diagnostics of EAEC and enable targeting of strains with an expected severe disease course. Questionnaires answered by parents provided information regarding duration of diarrhea and presence of blood or mucus. A total of 295 EAEC strains were collected from children with acute (≤7 days) and persistent diarrhea (≥14 days) and were compared by using multiplex PCR targeting the genes sat, sepA, pic, sigA, pet, astA, aatA, aggR, aaiC, aap, agg3/4C, ORF3, aafA, aggA, agg3A, agg4A , and agg5A . Furthermore, the distribution of EAEC genes in strains collected from cases of bloody, mucoid, and watery diarrhea was investigated. The classification and regression tree analysis (CART) was applied to investigate the relationship between EAEC virulence genes and diarrheal duration and type. Persistent diarrhea was associated with strains lacking the pic gene ( p = 0.002) and with the combination of the genes pic, sat , and absence of the aggA gene ( p = 0.05). Prolonged diarrhea was associated with the combination of the genes aatA and astA ( p = 0.03). Non-mucoid diarrhea was associated with strains lacking the aatA gene ( p = 0.004). Acute diarrhea was associated with the genes aggR, aap , and aggA by individual odds ratios. Resistance toward gentamicin and ciprofloxacin was observed in 7.5 and 3% of strains, respectively. Multi-drug resistance was observed in 38% of strains. Genetic host factors have been associated with an increased risk of

Genetic Virulence Profile of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Danish Children with Either Acute or Persistent Diarrhea

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Betina Hebbelstrup Jensen

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC is frequently found in diarrheal stools worldwide. It has been associated with persistent diarrhea, weight loss, and failure to thrive in children living in developing countries. A number of important EAEC virulence genes are identified; however, their roles in acute and persistent diarrhea have not been previously investigated. The aim of this study was to identify specific EAEC virulence genes associated with duration and type of diarrhea in Danish children. We aimed to improve the current diagnostics of EAEC and enable targeting of strains with an expected severe disease course. Questionnaires answered by parents provided information regarding duration of diarrhea and presence of blood or mucus. A total of 295 EAEC strains were collected from children with acute (≤7 days and persistent diarrhea (≥14 days and were compared by using multiplex PCR targeting the genes sat, sepA, pic, sigA, pet, astA, aatA, aggR, aaiC, aap, agg3/4C, ORF3, aafA, aggA, agg3A, agg4A, and agg5A. Furthermore, the distribution of EAEC genes in strains collected from cases of bloody, mucoid, and watery diarrhea was investigated. The classification and regression tree analysis (CART was applied to investigate the relationship between EAEC virulence genes and diarrheal duration and type. Persistent diarrhea was associated with strains lacking the pic gene (p = 0.002 and with the combination of the genes pic, sat, and absence of the aggA gene (p = 0.05. Prolonged diarrhea was associated with the combination of the genes aatA and astA (p = 0.03. Non-mucoid diarrhea was associated with strains lacking the aatA gene (p = 0.004. Acute diarrhea was associated with the genes aggR, aap, and aggA by individual odds ratios. Resistance toward gentamicin and ciprofloxacin was observed in 7.5 and 3% of strains, respectively. Multi-drug resistance was observed in 38% of strains. Genetic host factors have been associated with an increased risk

Ecological landscape elements: long-term monitoring in Great Britain, the Countryside Survey 1978-2007 and beyond

Science.gov (United States)

Wood, Claire M.; Bunce, Robert G. H.; Norton, Lisa R.; Maskell, Lindsay C.; Smart, Simon M.; Scott, W. Andrew; Henrys, Peter A.; Howard, David C.; Wright, Simon M.; Brown, Michael J.; Scott, Rod J.; Stuart, Rick C.; Watkins, John W.

2018-04-01

="_blank">https://doi.org/10.5285/94f664e5-10f2-4655-bfe6-44d745f5dca7, 1998: https://doi.org/10.5285/1e050028-5c55-42f4-a0ea-c895d827b824" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.5285/1e050028-5c55-42f4-a0ea-c895d827b824, and 2007: https://doi.org/10.5285/bf189c57-61eb-4339-a7b3-d2e81fdde28d" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.5285/bf189c57-61eb-4339-a7b3-d2e81fdde28d; Landscape linear feature data 1984: https://doi.org/10.5285/a3f5665c-94b2-4c46-909e-a98be97857e5" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.5285/a3f5665c-94b2-4c46-909e-a98be97857e5, 1990: https://doi.org/10.5285/311daad4-bc8c-485a-bc8a-e0d054889219" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.5285/311daad4-bc8c-485a-bc8a-e0d054889219, 1998: https://doi.org/10.5285/8aaf6f8c-c245-46bb-8a2a-f0db012b2643" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.5285/8aaf6f8c-c245-46bb-8a2a-f0db012b2643 and 2007: https://doi.org/10.5285/e1d31245-4c0a-4dee-b36c-b23f1a697f88" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.5285/e1d31245-4c0a-4dee-b36c-b23f1a697f88, Landscape point feature data 1984: https://doi.org/10.5285/124b872e-036e-4dd3-8316-476b5f42c16e" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.5285/124b872e-036e-4dd3-8316-476b5f42c16e, 1990: https://doi.org/10.5285/1481bc63-80d7-4d18-bcba-8804aa0a9e1b" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.5285/1481bc63-80d7-4d18-bcba-8804aa0a9e1b, 1998: https://doi.org/10.5285/ed10944f-40c8-4913-b3f5-13c8e844e153" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.5285/ed10944f-40c8-4913-b3f5-13c8e844e153 and 2007: https://doi.org/10.5285/55dc5fd7-d3f7-4440-b8a7-7187f8b0550b" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.5285/55dc5fd7-d3f7-4440-b8a7-7187f8b0550b.

Bilimsel Toplantı Duyuruları

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği ATUD

1999-12-01

Full Text Available 1\tIV. Adli Bilimler Kongresi 10-\t13 Mayıs 2000, İstanbul İ.LJ. İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Adli Tıp AD ve Adli Tıp Uzmanlan Demeği (ATIJD İletişim: Dr. Eren Karpuzoğlu, İ.Ü. İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Adli Tıp AD 34390, Çapa, İstanbul Tel:0-212-6351179 2\t15th International Conference on Alcohol, Drugs and Traffic Safety 13 May 22-26, 2000, Conference secretariat, c/o The Swedish National Road Admin. SE 781-87 Borlange, Sweden e mail: 72000@vv.se 3\tXV:Ulusal Patoloji Sempozyumu 24-27 Mayıs 2000 Türk Patoloji Derneği Sol Belvil Oteli, Belek/ANTALYA Faks: (0212 631 1.3 67 Web adress: www.tpd.org.tr 4\tDNA Forensics May 31-June 2, 2000, Cambridge Healthteclı Institute 1037 Chestnut Street, Newton Upper Falls, MA 02164 Tel: 617-630-1300 Fax: 617-630-1325 E-Mail: chi@healthtech.com 5\tAAFS Annual Meeting. Association for Crime Scene Reconstruction Training Conference 1999- 14-16 June 2000 Netherlands. ENFSI Forensic IT-working group meeting — Forensic IT meeting of ENFSI 6\tVth International Conference On Pediatric Trauma 17-20 Haziran 2000 Vail, Colorado, ABD Dr. Burton Harris Tel: (719 365-5888 e-mail: bharris@memhospcs.org 6\tInternational Assoc, for Identification Annual Conference July 23-29, 2000 Embassy Suites, Charleston, WV Contact: Candy Murray 20601 Netherland St. Orlando, FL 32833 (407 568-7436 conference@theiai.org 7\tDeath and the Maiden - Murder and Rape Investigation. Summer Meeting of the Forensic Science Society. 7-9 July 2000. College of Ripon and York, St John, York, North Yorkshire, U.K. 8\t5th International Conference in Clinical Forensic Medicine of the World Police Medical Officers. 16-20 August 2000. WPMO 2000, 568-999 Canada Place, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6C 3E1. 9\tThe 13th World Congress on Medical Law 6-10 August, 2000 World Association for Medical Law Helsinki, Finland. contact Stakes/Eva Lindbergh, Siltasaarenkatu 18, P.O. Box 220, FIN-0053, Helsinki, Finland, phone +358 9 3967 2173, FAX +358 9 3967

Bilimsel Toplantı Duyuruları

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği ATUD

1999-04-01

Full Text Available 1\t51st Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS 15-\t20 February 1999, Orlando, Florida Information: AAFS, PO Box 669, Colorado Springs, CO 80904-00669, USA 2\tIl.Ulusal Hipertansiyon ve Böbrek Hastalıkları Kongresi 26-30 Nisan 1999, Antalya İletişim: Türk Hipertansiyon ve Böbrek Hastalıkları Derneği, Doç.Dr.Yunus Erdem, Hacettepe Üniv.Tıp Fakültesi Nefroloji BD. Sıhhiye-ANKARA Tel:324 31 09 3\tIII. Adli Bilimler Sempozyumu ’’Malpraktis” 6-7 Mayıs 1999, Erzurum, Atatürk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Adli Tıp AD İletişimAdli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği (ATUD, Dr. Nadir Arıcan, İ.Ü. İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Adli Tıp AD 34390, Çapa, İstanbul Tel:0-212-6351179 4\tRoyal Society of Medicine AGM- Section of Clinical Forensic medicine and Legal Medicine. Sexual Assaults- a Multidisiplinary Approach 19\tJune 1999 Information: Louisa Bendela Tel: + 44 CO 171 290 2983/3904 Fax:+ 44 (0 171 290 2989 Email: louisa.bendela@roysocmed.ac.uk.or sections@roysocmed.ac.uk. or 5\t4th International GFS Conference on Forensic Handwriting and Document Examination. 23-\t26 June 1999,Hamburg, Germany Information: Dr.Peter E.Baier, GFS Secretary, Universitat Mannheim, Insitut fur Schrift und Uıkundenuntersuchung, D-68131 Mannheim /Germany Tel: + 49 621 292 8486 Fax:+ 49 621 292 8487 Email: PEBaier@aol.com 6\tForensic Science Society Summer Meeting 2-\t4 July 1999, College of Ripon and York St.John, York Tel: + 44 1423 506068 7\tAdli Hipnoz Konferansı ve Workshop 25-\t26 Ağustos 1999, İ.Ü.İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi 1933 Üniversitesi Reform Anfisi-İSTANBUL İletişim: Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği (ATUD, Uzm.Dr. Nevzat Alkan, İ.Ü.İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Adli Tıp AD. Çapa-İSTANBUL Tel:0-212-635 11 79 8\tII. Stereolojik Metotlar ve Uygulamaları Kursu 25-\t27 Ağustos 1999, Samsun, 19 Mayıs Üniv. Tıp Fakültesi Anatomi AD. İletişim: Doç. Dr. Nihal İçten, 19 Mayıs Üniv. Tıp Fakültesi Anatomi AD

Cloud, Aerosol, and Complex Terrain Interactions (CACTI) Preliminary Science Plan

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Varble, Adam [Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States); Nesbitt, Steve [Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States); Salio, Paola [Univ. of Buenos Aires (Argentina); Zipser, Edward [Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States); van den Heever, Susan [Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States); McFarquhar, Greg [Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States); Kollias, Pavlos [Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States); Kreidenweis, Sonia [Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States); DeMott, Paul [Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States); Jensen, Michael [Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Houze, Jr., Robert [Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Rasmussen, Kristen [Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States); Leung, Ruby [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Romps, David [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Gochis, David [National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States); Avila, Eldo [National Univ. of Cordoba (Argentina); Williams, Christopher [Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States); National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States)

2017-02-01

well as blowing dust are common in the austral spring, while changes in land surface properties as the wet season progresses impact surface fluxes and boundary layer evolution on daily and seasonal time scales that feed back to cloud and rainfall generation. This range of environmental conditions and cloud properties coupled with a high frequency of events makes this an ideal location for improving our understanding of cloud-environment interactions. The following primary science questions will be addressed through coordinated first ARM Mobile Facility (AMF1), mobile C-band Scanning ARM Precipitation Radar (C-SAPR2), guest instrumentation, and potential ARM Aerial Facility (AAF) Gulfstream-1 (G-1) observations: 1. How are the properties and lifecycles of orographically generated cumulus humulis, mediocris, and congestus clouds affected by environmental kinematics, thermodynamics, aerosols, and surface properties? How do these cloud types alter these environmental conditions? 2. How do environmental kinematics, thermodynamics, and aerosols impact deep convective initiation, upscale growth, and mesoscale organization? How are soil moisture, surface fluxes, and aerosol properties altered by deep convective precipitation events and seasonal accumulation of precipitation? This multi-faceted experiment involves a long term 8.5-month Extended Observing Period (EOP, 15 August, 2018-30 April, 2019) as well as a 6-week Intensive Observation Period (IOP, 1 November-15 December) that will coincide with the international multi-agency RELAMPAGO field campaign.

Airborne hygrometer calibration inter-comparison against a metrological water vapour standard

Science.gov (United States)

Smorgon, Denis; Boese, Norbert; Ebert, Volker

2014-05-01

Water vapour is the most important atmospheric greenhouse gas, which causes a major feedback to warming and other changes in the climate system. Knowledge of the distribution of water vapour and its climate induced changes is especially important in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UT/LS) where vapour plays a critical role in atmospheric radiative balance, cirrus cloud formation, and photochemistry. But, our understanding of water in the UT/LS is limited by significant uncertainties in current UT/LS water measurements. One of the most comprehensive inter-comparison campaigns for airborne hygrometers, termed AQUAVIT (AV1) [1], took place in 2007 at the AIDA chamber at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in Germany. AV1 was a well-defined, referred, blind inter-comparison of 22 airborne field instruments from 17 international research groups. One major metrological deficit of AV1, however, was, that no traceable reference instrument participated in the inter-comparison experiments and that the calibration procedures of the participating instruments were not monitored or interrogated. Consequently a follow-up inter-comparison was organized in April 2013, which for the first time also provides a traceable link to the international humidity scale. This AQUAVIT2 (AV2) campaign (details see: http://www.imk-aaf.kit.edu/aquavit/index.php/Main_Page) was again located at KIT/AIDA and organised by an international organizing committee including KIT, PTB, FZJ and others. Generally AV2 is divided in two parallel comparisons: 1) AV2-A uses the AIDA chamber for a simultaneous comparison of all instruments (incl. sampling and in-situ instruments) over a broad range of conditions characteristic for the UT/LS; 2) AV2-B, about which this paper is reporting, is a sequential comparison of selected hygrometers and (when possible) their reference calibration infrastructures by means of a chilled mirror hygrometer traced back to the primary National humidity standard

Bilimsel Toplantı Duyuruları

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği ATUD

1997-10-01

Full Text Available 1\tForensicon 98, International Conference of Forensic Medicine and XIX Annual Conference of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine, 11-13 Şubat 1998, Imphal, India. Dr Fimate, Dept. Forensic Medicine, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal 795 004, Manipur, India. 2\t5th International Symposium on Hyphenated Techniques in Chromatography and Hyphenated Chromatographic Analyzers 11-13 Şubat 1998, Bruges, Belgium. Ordibo bvba, Lucas Henninckstraat 18, B-2610 Wilrijk (Antwerp, Belgium. Tel: +32 561 2831 Fax: +32 3 827 8439. 3\tAAFS Meeting 9-14 Şubat 1998, San Francisco. Jan Bashinski, Tel: (916 227-9564. Fax: (916 227-3639. Email: BASHINSJ@hdcdojnet.state.ca. us 4\t28th Annual International Symposium on Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 2-\t5 Mart 1998, Geneva, Switzerland. Mrs M. Frei-Hausler, IAEAC Secretariat, PO Box 46, CH-4123 Allschwil 2, Switzerland. 5\tExpert Witness and Government Liaison Group, 12\tMart 1998, London, Forensic handwriting ‘The write side of the law’. Assoc, of Consulting Scientists, PO Box 4040, Thorpe-le-Soken, COl6 OEL. 6\t5th Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Materials and Natural Products Processing, 23-25 Mart 1998, Nice, France. F Brionne, ISASE, 1 rue Grandville - BP 451, F-54001 Nancy Cedex, France. 7\tMedical and Forensic Imaging, 2-\t4\tNisan 1998, The Guildhall, Bath, UK. Mr RL Tapper, Dept of Medical Photography, The Royal London Hospital, Stepney Way, Whitechapel, London El IBB. Tel: 0171 377 7000 ext. 2432. Fax: 0171 377 7435. 8\tHPLC 98 22nd International symposium on high performance liquid phase separations and related techniques 3-\t8\tMayıs 1998, St Louis, Minnesota. Janet Cunningham, Barr Enterprises, PO Box 279, Walkersvillé MD 21793, US. 9\tNorthwest Association of Forensic Scientists Spring 1998 Workshops and Seminar 4-\t8\tMayıs 1998 Portland, Oregon, USA Ms.Deborah Newville Oregon State Police Forensic Laboratory 1111 SW 2nd Ave. Portland, OR 97204 USA (503229-5017 (voice (503229

Holistic Interactions of Shallow Clouds, Aerosols, and Land-Ecosystems (HI-SCALE) Field Campaign Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fast, J. D. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Berg, L. K. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Burleyson, C. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Fan, J. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Feng, Z. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Hagos, S. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Huang, M. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Guenther, A. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Laskin, A. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Ovchinnikov, M. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Shilling, J. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Shrivastava, M. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Xiao, H. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Zaveri, R. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Zelenyuk-Imre, A. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Kuang, C. [Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Wang, J. [Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Smith, J. [University of California-Irvine; Turner, D. [National Severe Storms Laboratory; Gentine, P. [Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)

2017-05-01

soil moisture was low during the late summer IOP. These factors likely influence the occurrence and lifecycle of shallow clouds. Most of the instrumentation was deployed on the ARM Aerial Facility (AAF) Gulfstream 1 (G-1) aircraft, including those that measure atmospheric turbulence, cloud water content and drop size distributions, aerosol precursor gases, aerosol chemical composition and size distributions, and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations. The specific instrumentation is listed in Table 1. The team of scientists participating in the G-1 flights were from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), and the University of Washington. Routine ARM aerosol measurements made at the surface were supplemented with aerosol microphysical properties measurements, with support from the DOE Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) User Facility and the Atmospheric System Radiation (ASR) program. This included deploying a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) to measure aerosol size distribution, a proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) to measure volatile organic compounds, an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) to measure bulk aerosol composition, and the single-particle laser ablation time-of-flight mass spectrometer (SPLAT II) to measure single-particle aerosol composition at the SGP site Guest Instrumentation Facility. In this way, characterization of aerosol properties at the surface and on the G-1 were consistent. In addition, the HI-SCALE: Nanoparticle Composition and Precursors add-on campaign was conducted during the second IOP in which several state-of-the-science chemical ionization mass spectrometers were deployed to measure nanoparticle composition and precursors. Scientists participating in the surface measurements were from PNNL, BNL, University California–Irvine, Augsberg College, Colorado University, Aerodyne Inc., and Aerosol Dynamics Inc.

Aerosol and Cloud Experiments in Eastern North Atlantic (ACE-ENA) Science Plan

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Jian [Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Dong, Xiquan [Univ. of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND (United States); Wood, Robert [Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)

2016-04-01

for comprehensive in situ characterizations of boundary-layer structure, and associated vertical distributions and horizontal variabilities of low clouds and aerosol over the Azores. ARM Aerial Facility (AAF) Gulfstream-1 (G-1) aircraft will be deployed at the ENA site during two intensive operational periods (IOPs) of early summer (June to July) of 2017 and winter (January to February) of 2018, respectively. Deployments during both seasons allow for examination of key aerosol and cloud processes under a variety of representative meteorological and cloud conditions. The science themes for the deployments include: 1) Budget of MBL CCN and its seasonal variation; 2) Effects of aerosol on cloud and precipitation; 3) Cloud microphysical and macrophysical structures, and entrainment mixing; 4) Advancing retrievals of turbulence, cloud, and drizzle; and 5) Model evaluation and processes studies. A key advantage of the deployments is the strong synergy between the measurements onboard the G-1 and the routine measurements at the ENA site, including state-of-the-art profiling and scanning radars. The 3D cloud structures provided by the scanning radars will put the detailed in situ measurements into mesoscale and cloud lifecycle contexts. On the other hand, high quality in situ measurements will enable validation and improvements of ground-based retrieval algorithms at the ENA site, leading to high-quality and statistically robust data sets from the routine measurements. The deployments, combined with the routine measurements at the ENA site, will have a long lasting impact on the research and modeling of low clouds and aerosols in the remote marine environment.

Mitsuda's reactions: induced by BCG in the normal Rhesus ("Macacca mulatta"

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. J. Pereira Filho

1955-12-01

the repetition of the tests, even though the intensity of the reaction always remains the same. This precocious reaction (Fernandez type occurs both shortly and long time after the application of the BCG. Its precocity depends not of the antigen only because the first Mitsuda's reaction after the BCG application occurs after some time and seems not influenced by the control lepromin test effected on the Rhesus before the BCG. 5 On the control group, the animals which received a.a.f. bacilli suspensions (Mycobacterium sp.; M. avium, and M. smegmatis, did not show reverseals of the Mitsuda's reaction. Two Rhesus, however, which received dead BCG (120ºC autoclave 1 hour, one intradermically (0.006 g and the other orally (1.2 g, did both present reversals of the Mitsuda's reaction, with weak positivity (+. In all animals of the control-group, the allergic reactions were found negative. 6 Strong local inflammatory reactions were observed in the Rhesus that had received living BCG by intradermal via, and in the one submitted to multipunctures, there occurred the formation of a large caseous abcess. 7 The allergic tuberculinic and infratuberculinic reactions appeared dissociated from the Mitsuda's reactions: sometimes they are more precocious, occurring before of the lepromin test; on other occasions they disappear, when the Mitsuda's reactions still persist; and finally, they may be absent, when the latter occur, especially after the oral application of the BCG. 8 In Rhesus which received BCG by testicular and peritonela via, in the infratuberculinic test (0.1 ml of total BCG extract, besides the classic answer, which occurs between 48 and 96 hours, one could observe a delayed answer (15 to 20 days, represented by a non-erythematous nodule, which persists for 11-14 days.

Development and molecular composition of the hepatic progenitor cell niche.

Science.gov (United States)

Vestentoft, Peter Siig

2013-05-01

matrix molecules collagen 1a1, laminin, nidogen-1 and agrin embraced the biliary cells and sharply defined the hepatic progenitor cell niche, which was encircled by desmin positive support cells. In all injury models biliary cells expressed the cell surface proteins matriptase and HAI-1. However, in the so-called 2-AAF/PHx model of progenitor cell activation, a subpopulation of hepatic progenitor cells was positive for Dlk1. 3D reconstructions clarified that the Dlk1-subpopulation was entirely located in the portal area periphery, and connected to the bile ducts via HAI-1 positive biliary cells. The heterogeneous expression patterns of matriptase, HAI-1 and Dlk1 in this particular injury model indicate the presence of a cellular hierarchy containing possibly less differentiated Dlk1-positive hepatic progenitor cells. In conclusion, our studies characterized the hepatic progenitor cell niche in humans and rodents. We successfully developed protocols for digitally visualizing, not only hepatic, but virtually any tissue through two fundamentally distinct approaches. The identification of an asymmetric form of tubulogenesis in humans added new knowledge to the development of the intrahepatic biliary tree, and thereby the formation of the progenitor cell niche. The identification of heterogeneously expressed cell surface proteins and extracellular matrix components provided knowledge of the constituents defining the niche. These pieces of information are important for future isolation and characterization studies of biliary subpopulations and their differentiation abilities in vitro.

Aespoe Hard Rock Laboratory. Sensor Data Report No 23

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goudarzi, Reza; Johannesson, Lars-Erik (Clay Technology AB (Sweden))

2010-11-15

The Prototype Repository Test consists of two sections. The installation of the first Section of Prototype Repository was made during summer and autumn 2001 and Section 2 was installed in spring and summer 2003. This report presents data from measurements in the Prototype Repository during the period 20010917-20100601. The report is organized so that the actual measured results are shown in Appendix 1-10, where Appendix 8 deals with measurements of canister displacements (by AITEMIN), Appendix 9 deals with geo-electric measurements in the backfill (by GRS), Appendix 10 deals with stress and strain measurement in the rock (by AaF) and Appendix 11 deals with measurement of water pressure in the rock (by VBB/VIAK). The main report and Appendix 1-7 deal with the rest of the measurements. Section 1. The following measurements are made in the bentonite in each of the two instrumented deposition holes in Section 1 (1 and 3): Temperature is measured in 32 points, total pressure in 27 points, pore water pressure in 14 points and relative humidity in 37 points. Temperature is also measured by all relative humidity gauges. Every measuring point is related to a local coordinate system in the deposition hole. The following measurements are made in the backfill in Section 1. Temperature is measured in 20 points, total pressure in 18 points, pore water pressure in 23 points and relative humidity in 45 points. Temperature is also measured by all relative humidity gauges. Furthermore, water content is measured by an electric chain in one section. Every measuring point is related to a local coordinate system in the tunnel. The following measurements are made on the surface of the canisters in Section 1: Temperature is measured every meter along two fiber optic cables. Furthermore, displacements of the canister in hole 3 are measured with 6 gauges. The following measurements are made in the rock in Section 1: Temperature is measured in 37 points in boreholes in the floor. Water

25-27 Kasım 2015 Adli Toksikoloji Kursu Advances Updated in Forensic Toxicology Ardından

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nebile Dağlıoğlu

2015-12-01

Katılımcı ve verimli geçen kursun sonuç bildirgesinde; Adli toksikoloji, alkol ve uyuşturucu etkisiyle sürüş testleri ile işyeri uyuşturucu tarama testlerini kapsamaktadır. Adli Toksikoloji Laboratuvarı Kurallarını kapsayan kılavuz Uluslar Arası Adli Toksikoloji Derneği (SOFT/TIAFT ve Amerika Adli Bilimler Akademisi (AAFS Toksikoloji Bölümü tarafından adli toksikoloji uygulamalarında kullanılmak üzere hazırlanmış ve yayınlanmıştır. Hazırlanan kılavuzda yer alan kurallar, The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA kuralları ile karşılaştırılabilir olmakla beraber adli toksikoloji alanında kullanıma daha uygundur. Birleşmiş Milletler’in  narkotik ilaçlar bölümü de çeşitli temel cihaz ve ekipmanların ve bu konuda çalışacak personelin yeterlik ve yetkinliği konusunda yönerge yayınlamıştır.  Laboratuvar çalışmalarının bir çoğunda olduğu gibi adli toksikoloji çalışmalarında da adli toksikoloji konusunda faaliyet gösteren uluslararası toplulukların belirlediği ve kabul ettiği asgari standartlara uygun şekilde analizler yapılması gerekliliği kursta vurgulanmıştır.  Türkiye’de yürütülen sağlık eğitimi müfredatında analitik toksikoloji konusunda yeterli eğitim verilmemektedir.  Buna bağlı olarak uyuşturucu testi yapan laboratuvarlarda elde edilen sonuçları doğru yorumlayabilecek eğitime sahip laboratuvar personeli bulunmayacaktır. Analitik, adli ve klinik toksikoloji dinamik bilim alanlarıdır. Analitik, adli ve klinik toksikoloji alanlarında çalışan profesyonel personel için temel eğitimin yanında sürekli eğitim ve öğretim bir ihtiyaçtır. Yukarıdaki bahsedilen bilgilere bağlı olarak ve yayınlanan kılavuzlar ışığında analitik toksikoloji konusunda uzmanlık en az 4 yıllık lisans eğitimi ve lisansüstü tam zamanlı çalışma gerektirir. Bahsedilen nedenlerle, yapılacak olan adli toksikoloji (ölüm, suç ve i

Aespoe Hard Rock Laboratory. Sensor Data Report No 23

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goudarzi, Reza; Johannesson, Lars-Erik

2010-11-01

The Prototype Repository Test consists of two sections. The installation of the first Section of Prototype Repository was made during summer and autumn 2001 and Section 2 was installed in spring and summer 2003. This report presents data from measurements in the Prototype Repository during the period 20010917-20100601. The report is organized so that the actual measured results are shown in Appendix 1-10, where Appendix 8 deals with measurements of canister displacements (by AITEMIN), Appendix 9 deals with geo-electric measurements in the backfill (by GRS), Appendix 10 deals with stress and strain measurement in the rock (by AaF) and Appendix 11 deals with measurement of water pressure in the rock (by VBB/VIAK). The main report and Appendix 1-7 deal with the rest of the measurements. Section 1. The following measurements are made in the bentonite in each of the two instrumented deposition holes in Section 1 (1 and 3): Temperature is measured in 32 points, total pressure in 27 points, pore water pressure in 14 points and relative humidity in 37 points. Temperature is also measured by all relative humidity gauges. Every measuring point is related to a local coordinate system in the deposition hole. The following measurements are made in the backfill in Section 1. Temperature is measured in 20 points, total pressure in 18 points, pore water pressure in 23 points and relative humidity in 45 points. Temperature is also measured by all relative humidity gauges. Furthermore, water content is measured by an electric chain in one section. Every measuring point is related to a local coordinate system in the tunnel. The following measurements are made on the surface of the canisters in Section 1: Temperature is measured every meter along two fiber optic cables. Furthermore, displacements of the canister in hole 3 are measured with 6 gauges. The following measurements are made in the rock in Section 1: Temperature is measured in 37 points in boreholes in the floor. Water

Bilimsel Toplantı Duyuruları

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği ATUD

2005-04-01

Full Text Available 57th American Academy of Forensic Science Annual Meeting February 21-26 2005. New Orleans, Louisiana, TX, USA. Further Information: Nancy J. Jackson, Director of Administration AAFS, P.O. Box 669, Colorado Springs, CO 80901-0669, USA. Phone: 1-719-6361100; Fax:1-719-6361993 94th Annual Meeting United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology February 26-March 4, 2005. San Antonio, TX, USA Further information: United States andCanadianAcademy of Pathology, 3643WaltonWay Extension, Augusta, GA30909, USA. Phone: 1-706-7337550; Fax: 1-706-7338033 E-mail: iap@uscap.org; http://www.uscap.org 45th Conference on Legal Medicine March 4-6 2005. San Diego, CA, USA. Further information: Sue O'Sullivan, American College of Legal Medicine, 1111 N. Plaza Drive, Suite 550, Schaumburg, IL 60173. Phone: (847 969-0283, Fax: (847 517-7229, E-mail: info@aclm.org, www.aclm.org Basic Facial Reconstruction Sculpture Workshop March 11-13 2005 San Antonio, TX, USA. To be held at the UTHSCSA Dental School in San Antonio, TX. Further information: Betty Pat. Gatliff, SKULLpture Lab, 1026 Leslie Lane, Norman, OK 73069. Phone: (405 321-8706. Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences meeting March 14-19 2005 Chicago, Illinois, USA Further information: www.acjs.org 42nd Annual Meeting Academy of Criminal Justice March 17-19 2005 Chicago, IL, USA Sciences Further information: Laura Monaco, Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, 7319 Hanover Parkway, Suite C, Greenbelt, MA 20770, USA. Phone: 1-301-4466300; Fax: 1-301-4462819; E-mail: lmonaco@acjs.org; http://www.acjs.org The Sixth International Conference on Forensic Statistics March 17-19 2005 Tempe, A2, USA. Further information: Andrew (Sandy Askland, PhD, Center for Law, Science, & Technology, Arizona State University, College of Law, McAllister & Orange Streets, PO Box 877906, Tempe, A2 85287-7906. Phone: (480 965- 6606; Fax: (480 965-2427, E-mail: sandy.askland@ asu.edu, http://icfs.law.asu.edu 41st Annual Forensic Dental