Interaction of stress with the martensitic phase transition in A15 compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Welch, D.O.

1981-01-01

Recently there has been a resurgence of interest in the effect of the martensitic phase transition which occurs in many A15 compounds on superconductivity and on elastic and anelastic behavior. Since in many practical applications, A15 compounds are subject to considerable stress and strain, it is of interest to examine the interaction of stress with the martensitic transition; this paper is an examination of the effects of stress predicted by a simple Landau model which successfully describes many features of the transition and the related temperature dependence of the elastic modulus (c 11 -c 12 )/2. The effect of stress on the temperature ranges of stability and metastability of various types of martensitic domain is discussed. The non-linearity of the stress-strain relation in a polycrystalline A15 is studied

Radiation effects on superconductivity in A15 materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Faehnle, M.

1981-01-01

At present the A15 superconductor Nb 3 Sn is one of the most attractive materials for the design of magnet systems for fusion reactors. There the materials are exposed to a high flux of neutrons up to 10 18 to 10 19 n/cm 2 during a continuous fusion reactor operation within ten years. As a result the critical parameters of the superconducting materials are changed which must be taken into account when designing reliable magnet systems. The neutron radiation damage in A15 materials thereby is characterized by small highly disordered regions within a less disordered matrix. The highly disordered regions are responsible for the increase of the critical current density after low-dose neutron irradiation of non-optimized materials and have an influence on the superconducting transition width. In contrast, the change of the superconducting parameters after high-dose irradiation may be understood essentially by considering the properties of the matrix alone. 23 refs

Magnetic and superconducting order in some random pseudobinary compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dongen, J.C.M. van.

1982-01-01

This thesis presents the results of a study on the magnetic and superconducting ordering phenomena in some random pseudobinary compounds. In the investigations ternary systems are utilised in which two of the elements form a binary intermetallic compound, e.g. PdH, GdCu and YCo 2 . A third element is then randomly substituted into one of the sublattices without changing the basic intermetallic compound structure. In chapter II a study is presented on the Kondo effect and spin-glass freezing of the magnetic impurities Cr, Mn, and Fe in superconducting palladium hydride. Chapter III contains a study on crystal structure transformations and magnetic ordering phenomena in GdCusub(1-x)Gasub(x) and related pseudobinary compounds. In Chapter IV experiments on the magnetic properties and the electrical resistivity of the transition metal Laves phase compounds Y(Cosub(1-x)Fesub(x)) 2 , Y(Irsub(1-x)Fesub(x)) 2 and Hf(Cosub(1-x)Fesub(x)) 2 are described. (Auth.)

Physical and chemical studies of superconduction properties of the intercalation compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eder, F.X.; Lerf, A.

1980-01-01

The superconducting properties of the intercalation compounds of layered dichalcogenides were studied. Our studies were concerned mainly to the alkali metal intercalation derivatives of TaS 2 and NbS 2 , and later on extended to the molecule intercalation compounds. The main difficulties with this class of superconductors result from varying material properties; these are therefore the subject of broad intensity in our investigations. The results received on the physical and chemical properties of the intercalation compounds is utilized for a phenomenological description of the factors mainly determining there superconducting properties. (orig.) [de

Superconductivity in a new YBaCuO compound at 105 K

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kirschner, I.; Bankuti, J.; Gal, M.; Torkos, K.; Solymos, K.G.; Horvath, G.

1987-01-01

A superconducting transition has been detected in a (Y 0.8 Ba 0.2 )(CuO 4-δ ) 2 compound by electrical and magnetic measurements. The resistivity begins to decrease at 173 K and the zero-resistivity state sets in at 105 K

Theory of exotic superconductivity and normal states of heavy electron and high temperature superconductivity materials. Progress report, February 15, 1994--February 14, 1995

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cox, D.L.

1995-01-01

This is a progress report for the DOE project covering the period 2/15/94 to 2/14/95. The PI had a fruitful sabbatical during this period, and had some important new results, particularly in the area of new phenomenology for heavy fermion superconductivity. Significant new research accomplishments are in the area of odd-in-time-reversal pairing states/staggered superconductivity, the two-channel Kondo lattice, and a general model for Ce impurities which admits one-, two-, and three-channel Kondo effects. Papers submitted touch on these areas: staggered superconductivity - a new phenomenology for UPt 3 ; theory of the two-channel Kondo lattice in infinite dimensions; general model of a Ce 3+ impurity. Other work was done in the areas: Knight shift in heavy fermion alloys and compounds; symmetry analysis of singular pairing correlations for the two-channel Kondo impurity model

Kinetic study of the formation of the superconducting A15 phase in the Nb-Al-Si system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Binh-Phung.

1978-12-01

So far, aluminum-containing superconductors showed excellent critical fields and temperatures. Powder Metallurgy shows the most promise in producing these particular kinds of superconductors in the near future. The scope of this research is to apply a kinetic study to observe the behavior of the Nb(Al,Si) system at elevated temperatures. From such observations, an optimized method of obtaining the A15 superconducting phase can be achieved. This study has resulted in a two step heat treatment to obtain the A15 phase. For the primary heat treatment of infiltrated rods, 600 0 C for 11 hours or 650 0 C for 1 hour was found suitable to form a barrier of intermetallic compound around the pores. For the secondary heat treatment, 1700 0 C for 15 seconds resulted in the formation of the A15 superconducting phase with a critical temperature of 18.25 0 K. A15 formation for wires is similar to infiltrated rods. The only difference is the diffusion path which is now much shorter. 600 0 C for 1 hour was found suitable for the primary heat treatment and 1700 0 C for 15 seconds was the most suitable for the secondary heat treatment. The highest critical temperature found thus far was 18.78 0 K

Superconductivity of ternary metal compounds prepared at high pressures

CERN Document Server

Shirotani, I

2003-01-01

Various ternary metal phosphides, arsenides, antimonides, silicides and germanides have been prepared at high temperatures and high pressures. These ternary metal compounds can be classified into four groups: [1] metal-rich compounds MM' sub 4 X sub 2 and [2] MM'X, [3] non-metal-rich compounds MXX' and [4] MM' sub 4 X sub 1 sub 2 (M and M' = metal element; X and X' = non-metal element). We have studied the electrical and magnetic properties of these materials at low temperatures, and found many new superconductors with the superconducting transition temperature (T sub c) of above 10 K. The metal-rich compound ZrRu sub 4 P sub 2 with a tetragonal structure showed the superconducting transition at around 11 K, and had an upper critical field (H sub c sub 2) of 12.2 tesla (T) at 0 K. Ternary equiatomic compounds ZrRuP and ZrRuSi crystallize in two modifications, a hexagonal Fe sub 2 P-type structure [h-ZrRuP(Si)] and an orthorhombic Co sub 2 P-type structure [o-ZrRuP(Si)]. Both h-ZrRuP and h-ZrRuSi have rather h...

Degradation of superconductivity in A15 V3Si by explosive compression

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stewart, G.; Olinger, B.; Newkirk, L.R.

1985-01-01

We have found that explosive compression similar to that used to create A15 Nb 3 Si seriously degrades superconductivity in A15 V 3 Si which, before compression, was typical of well-ordered material. Specifically, the midpoint of the bulk superconducting transition is depressed by 1.8 K, the bulk transition width is increased by a factor of 3, and the specific heat γ is decreased by more than 20% compared to the starting material. Implications of these results for the ultimate achievable transition temperature in A15 Nb 3 Si are discussed

Melt formed superconducting joint between superconducting tapes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Benz, M.G.; Knudsen, B.A.; Rumaner, L.E.; Zaabala, R.J.

1992-01-01

This patent describes a superconducting joint between contiguous superconducting tapes having an inner laminate comprised of a parent-metal layer selected from the group niobium, tantalum, technetium, and vanadium, a superconductive intermetallic compound layer on the parent-metal layer, a reactive-metal layer that is capable of combining with the parent-metal and forming the superconductive intermetallic compound, the joint comprising: a continuous precipitate of the superconductive intermetallic compound fused to the tapes forming a continuous superconducting path between the tapes

A crystal chemical approach to superconductivity. I. A bond-valence sum analysis of inorganic compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liebau, Friedrich; Klein, Hans-Joachim; Wang, Xiqu

2011-01-01

A crystal-chemical approach to superconductivity is described that is intended to complement the corresponding physical approach. The former approach takes into account the distinction between the stoichiometric valence ( stoich V) and the structural valence ( struct V) which is represented by the bond-valence sums (BVS). Through calculations of BVS values from crystal-structure data determined at ambient temperature and pressure it has been found that in chalcogenides und pnictides of the transition metals Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Hf, and Zr the atoms of the potential superconducting units yield values of vertical stroke BVS vertical stroke = vertical stroke struct V vertical stroke ≥ 1.11 x vertical stroke stoich V vertical stroke, whereas the atoms of the charge reservoirs have in general values of vertical stroke struct V vertical stroke stoich V vertical stroke. In corresponding compounds which contain the same elements but are not becoming superconducting, nearly all atoms are found to have vertical stroke struct V vertical stroke stoich V vertical stroke. For atoms of oxocuprates that are not becoming superconducting and for atoms of the charge reservoirs of oxocuprates that become superconducting, the relation vertical stroke struct V vertical stroke stoich V vertical stroke seems also to be fulfilled, with the exception of Ba. However, in several oxocuprates the relation vertical stroke struct V vertical stroke = 1.11 x vertical stroke stoich V vertical stroke for the atoms that become superconducting units is violated. These violations seem to indicate that in oxocuprates it is the local bond-valence distribution rather than the bond-valence sums that is essential for superconductivity. The present analysis can possibly be used to predict, by a simple consideration of ambient-T, P structures, whether a compound can become an unconventional superconductor at low T, under high P and/or by doping, or not. (orig.)

Electronic, phonon and superconducting properties of LaPtBi half-Heusler compound

Science.gov (United States)

Shrivastava, Deepika; Sanyal, Sankar P.

2018-05-01

In the framework of density functional theory based on plane wave pseudopotential method and linear response technique, we have studied the electronic, phonon and superconducting properties of LaPtBi half-Heusler compound. The electronic band structure and density of states show that it is gapless semiconductor which is consistent with previous results. The positive phonon frequencies confirm the stability of this compound in cubic MgAgAs phase. Superconductivity is studied in terms of Eliashberg spectral function (α2F(ω)), electron-phonon coupling constants (λ). The value of electron-phonon coupling parameter is found to be 0.41 and the superconducting transition temperature is calculated to be 0.76 K, in excellent agreement with the experimentally reported values.

Superconducting transition temperature and the formation of closed electron shells in the atoms of superconducting compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chapnik, I.M.

1985-01-01

The relationship between the regularities in the tansition temperature (T/sub c/) values in analogous compounds (having the same structure and stoichiometry) and the formation of the closed electron shells outside inert gas shells in the atoms of the variable component of the 158 intermetallic superconducting compounds has been discussed. The T/sub c/ data for compounds of the elements from the first long period of the Periodic Table (K to Se) are compared with the T/sub c/ data for the analogous compounds of the elements from the second long period (Rb to Te)

Superconducting wire for the T-15 toroidal magnet

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Klimenko, E.Yu.; Kruglov, V.S.; Martovetskij, N.N.

1987-01-01

Main characteristics of a wire designed for the T-15 toroidal superconducting magnet production are given. The wire with circulation cooling is a twist of 11 niobium-tin wires 1.5 mm in diameter, joined electrolytically by two copper tubes with 3 mm inside diameter. The wire is capable to carry 10 kA current in the 8.5 T induction field. Wire features and structures promote to receive high structural current density in winding: diffuseness of superconducting-to-normal transition increases wire stability, screw symmetry od a current-carrying core provides wire resistance to pulse longitudinal field effect at plasma current disruption, low bronze thermal conductivity in a twist increases stability to outside pulse perturbations

Superconductivity and magnetism in the oxypnictides: high field ESR and {mu}SR studies of (La,Gd)FeAsO{sub 1-x}F{sub x} compounds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Muranyi, Ferenc [Physics Institute, University of Zuerich (Switzerland); IFW Dresden (Germany); Alfonsov, Alexey; Kataev, Vladislav; Koehler, Anke; Werner, Jochen; Behr, Guenter; Leps, Norman; Klingeler, Ruediger; Kondrat, Agnieszka; Hess, Christian; Buechner, Bernd [IFW Dresden (Germany); Khasanov, Rustem; Luetkens, Hubertus [Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI (Switzerland); Klaus, Hans-Henning [IFP, TU Dresden (Germany)

2009-07-01

The discovery of a new class of superconducting materials, ReFeAsO{sub 1-x}F{sub x}, stirred up the scientific community. Here we report the Gd{sup 3+} high field ESR study of differently doped (La,Gd)FeAsO{sub 1-x}F{sub x} compounds. In lightly Gd-doped LaFeAsO samples the SDW transition yields line-broadening at the transition temperature, the SDW transition is then suppressed upon F-doping. In the dense compound, GdFeAsO, with SDW transition around 140 K, the Gd-ESR was also studied. With 15% F-doping superconductivity appears at {proportional_to} 21 K. The SDW and SC transitions are clearly seen in ESR and in {mu} SR as well. Surprisingly the reminiscence of the SDW transition of the undoped material (GdFeAsO) was identified in the doped (15% F) compound at lower temperature ({proportional_to} 80 K). This indicates the importance of the the interplay between superconductivity and magnetism in oxypnictides.

Study of the superconducting compound Hg,Re-1223 by X-Ray diffraction with application of Rietveld method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Putvinskis, Rodrigo

2008-01-01

The objective of this work was to study the crystal structure of the superconductor compound of nominal composition Hg 0,82 Re 0,18 Ba 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O 8+δ and general formula Hg,Re- 1223 and different oxygen contents, by the X-ray diffraction technique, by using the Rietveld method. The studied samples present different oxygen stoichiometry because during the synthesis process, had been heat treated under different oxygen/argon gas mixtures in the ratios: 5:95, 10:90 and 15:85. The results of structural refinement for the samples show that different oxygen contents imply in different cell parameters, atomic positions and distances for the main phase of each sample. The segregation of two superconducting phases with the same crystal structure, but slightly different cell parameters was confirmed for the studied samples both by Rietveld analysis and anomalous X-ray diffraction experiments. It was also confirmed that one of the segregated phases does not incorporate Re cations its composition. The main phase, who incorporates the Re cations, is here called Hg,Re-1223 and the Re-free secondary phase is called Hg- 1223. It was found that the superconducting phases present different crystallite sizes and the sample treated under gas flow composed of 10% oxygen and 90% argon presents the highest fraction of superconducting phases. From these results it was possible to conclude that the sample produced from the precursor compound treated under flow of O 2 /Ar gas at the ratio 10/90 presents the better results for the synthesis of this superconducting compound. (author)

Theory of the isotope effect in superconducting compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Culetto, F.J.; Rainer, D.

1978-05-01

We present a theoretical analysis of the isotope effect on the superconducting transition temperature. Our method is to calculate via formal perturbation theory the response of the transition temperature to small changes of the masses of the various constituents of the compound. We discuss the relation between the isotope effect and various more fundamental parameters in strong coupling superconductors. As illustrative examples, we consider the systems Pd-H(D) alloys and the binary Chevrel phase superconductor Mo 6 Se 8 , and show that analysis of the isotope effect can yield useful information concerning interaction mechanisms in these compounds. (orig.)

Electronic structure of A15 compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pickett, W.E.

1980-01-01

For the past twenty-five years compounds with the A15 crystal structure have dominated the class of high temperature superconductors. The crystal structure of an A15 compound A 3 B is cubic (space group O/sub h/ 3 ). However, the site symmetry (D/sub 2d/) of the A atoms is much lower than cubic, an unusual occurrence in cubic binary compounds. Variations on this theme have supplied the basis of many theoretical models of the anomalous temperature (T) dependence of normal state properties and the low temperature cubic reversible tetragonal structural transformations which accompany high values of T/sub c/ in A15 compounds. In this paper results of self-consistent pseudopotential band structure calculations are used to assess some important aspects of the unique and unusual behavior in A15 compounds: (1) the role of the B atom in determining the overall electronic structure will be shown to be important; (2) the effect of the low site symmetry of the A atom on the charge density and potential will be assessed; and (3) the bonding will be shown to be metallic-covalent with no significant A-B charge transfer

μSR and NMR study of the superconducting Heusler compound YPd2Sn

Science.gov (United States)

Saadaoui, H.; Shiroka, T.; Amato, A.; Baines, C.; Luetkens, H.; Pomjakushina, E.; Pomjakushin, V.; Mesot, J.; Pikulski, M.; Morenzoni, E.

2013-09-01

We report on muon-spin rotation and relaxation (μSR) and 119Sn nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements to study the microscopic superconducting and magnetic properties of the Heusler compound with the highest superconducting transition temperature, YPd2Sn (Tc=5.4 K). Measurements in the vortex state provide the temperature dependence of the effective magnetic penetration depth λ(T) and the field dependence of the superconducting gap Δ(0). The results are consistent with a very dirty s-wave BCS superconductor with a gap Δ(0)=0.85(3) meV, λ(0)=212(1) nm, and a Ginzburg-Landau coherence length ξGL(0)≅23 nm. In spite of its very dirty character, the effective density of condensed charge carriers is high compared to that in the normal state. The μSR data in a broad range of applied fields are well reproduced by taking into account a field-related reduction of the effective superconducting gap. Zero-field μSR measurements, sensitive to the possible presence of very small magnetic moments, do not show any indications of magnetism in this compound.

A spin echo study of A15 intermetallic compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schoep, G.K.

1976-01-01

This thesis mainly concerns the measurement of spin-lattice relaxation times in intermetallic compounds of the bcc lattice structure, having the formula V 3 X (C = Pt, Ir, Os, Pd, Rh, Ni, Co, Au). When, in a spin echo experiment, a two-pulse sequence was applied, several quadrupolar echoes were observed. Special attention is given to the 'forbidden' echoes (absol.(Δm')GT1) in V 3 Au and V 3 Co. In relation to the V 3 X compounds, several characteristics are discussed including temperature dependence and concentration dependence of spin relaxation times, superconductivity and the importance of d-state electrons in determination of the spin relaxation times. Finally, the above characteristics were determined for 6 different samples of the vanadium-gold alloy, V 3 Au, specifically

Superconductivity in the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O compounds some characteristics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Escudero, R.

1989-01-01

The authors have prepared 90% single phase bulk samples of the 110K superconducting phase of the Bi-Sr- Ca-Cu-O compounds with different Pb amounts. This paper presents critical superconducting temperatures (zero resistance) of up to 109K were measured in the bulk samples. X-ray powder diffraction patterns of the almost isolated 110K phase. Computer simulated diffractograms were obtained, which are in general agreement with the measured ones. A discussion of the role of Pb in the stability of the 110K phase in this compounds is presented. Tunnelling measurements were made using Bi-based material. The authors studied break junctions and point contact junctions. The energy gap was determined to be about 25.5 meV and the ratio 2Δ/KBTc = 7.5. The data also show structure at energies of 67 and 120 meV

Unconventional superconductivity and surface pairing symmetry in half-Heusler compounds

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Qing-Ze; Yu, Jiabin; Liu, Chao-Xing

2018-06-01

Signatures of nodal line/point superconductivity [Kim et al., Sci. Adv. 4, eaao4513 (2018), 10.1126/sciadv.aao4513; Brydon et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 177001 (2016), 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.177001] have been observed in half-Heusler compounds, such as LnPtBi (Ln = Y, Lu). Topologically nontrivial band structures, as well as topological surface states, have also been confirmed by angular-resolved photoemission spectroscopy in these compounds [Liu et al., Nat. Commun. 7, 12924 (2016), 10.1038/ncomms12924]. In this paper, we present a systematical classification of possible gap functions of bulk states and surface states in half-Heusler compounds and the corresponding topological properties based on the representations of crystalline symmetry group. Different from all the previous studies based on the four band Luttinger model, our study starts with the six-band Kane model, which involves both four p-orbital type of Γ8 bands and two s-orbital type of Γ6 bands. Although the Γ6 bands are away from the Fermi energy, our results reveal the importance of topological surface states, which originate from the band inversion between Γ6 and Γ8 bands, in determining surface properties of these compounds in the superconducting regime by combining topological bulk state picture and nontrivial surface state picture.

Synthesis of metastable A-15 ''Nb3Si'' by ion implantation and on its superconducting transition temperature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clapp, M.T.; Rose, R.M.

1980-01-01

The authors have found a new technique for the synthesis of metastable compounds of well-defined composition: namely, ion implantation of a selected element into the desired crystal structure. [M.T. Clapp and R.M. Rose, Appl. Phys. Lett. 33, 205 (1978)]. Starting with a substrate material of A-15 Nb 3 Al/sub 0.9/Si/sub 0.1/, two basic approaches were tried towards the formation of A-15 Nb 3 Si by Si implantation: (1) direct replacement of the Al by Si and (2) implantation into a surface layer depleted of Al. This latter approach proved to be the most successful. It consisted of removing the Al by a diffusion anneal and replacing the Al deficiency by sequential Si implantations. Upon subsequent heat treatment a surface layer of A-15 Nb 3 Al/sub 0.2/Si/sub 0.8/ was produced. Details of the experimental procedure and a discussion of the superconducting transition temperature measurements of the implanted surfaces are presented

Liquid helium-free 15 T superconducting magnet at 4 K

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sakuraba, J.; Mikami, Y.; Watazawa, K.; Watanabe, K.; Awaji, S.

2000-01-01

We have successfully demonstrated a 15.1 T liquid helium-free superconducting magnet with a room-temperature bore of 52 mm using a Nb 3 Sn/NbTi hybrid coil, Bi2223 current leads and two Gifford-McMahon cryocoolers. The magnet has 830 mm outside diameter, 1221 mm height and 720 kg weight. The magnet was cooled to 3.6 K in 114 h. A central magnetic field of 15.1 T was achieved in 38 min. The temperature of the coil increased to 5.7 K due to ac losses during the excitation, but it decreased to 4.0 K before reaching 15.1 T. The temperature of the coil remained at a constant value of 3.8 K over the 24 h of operation. The demonstration indicated the usefulness of a liquid helium-free superconducting magnet to generate high magnetic fields up to 15 T. (author)

Transport measurements on superconducting iron pnictides and Heusler compounds; Transportmessungen an Supraleitenden Eisenpniktiden und Heusler-Verbindungen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bombor, Dirk

2014-09-05

In this work, results of electronic transport measurements are discussed for superconducting iron pnictides as well as for ferromagnetic Heusler compounds. The iron pnictides are a recently discovered class of high temperature superconductors where magnetism might play a crucial role. While the 122-pnictides show antiferromagnetism and migrate to the superconducting state upon doping, ferromagnetism has been observed in doped LiFeAs. On the other hand, in the undoped state this material shows interesting superconducting properties. Among other properties, Heusler compounds are well known due to their ferromagnetism. Co{sub 2}FeSi, which was investigated in this work, is one of the strongest ferromagnets. Beside this, one predicts this compound to be a half-metallic ferromagnet with completely spin polarized electronic transport where all conducting electrons have the same spin. The here addressed properties can well be investigated with the method of electronic transport measurements, whose results on single crystals are discussed in this work.

Thermal expansion of superconducting fulleride and borocarbide compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burkhart, G.J.

1995-08-01

In order to detact and analyze thermodynamic phase transitions, the investigation of the thermal expansion via capacitance dilatometry is a powerful experimental technique, due to the extremely high resolution (ΔL/L∝10 -8 -10 -10 ). With respect to the air sensitivity of the fullerides a dilatometer operating under inert atmosphere was designed and the thermal expansion of polycrystalline fulleride (Rb 3 C 60 , K 3 C 60 ) and borocarbide (YNi 2 B 2 C, LuNi 2 B 2 C) compounds was determined in the temperature range 5-320 K. Most effort was focused on a quantitative evaluation of the discontinuity in the thermal expansivity α at the superconducting transition. The results are discussed in the context of the Ehrenfest relation, which connects the jump in the thermal expansivity Δα with the pressure dependence of the superconducting transition temperature dT c /dp and the jump in the specific heat Δc p /T c at the superconducting transition. For Rb 3 C 60 and K 3 C 60 the jump in the specific heat can be derived via the Ehrenfest relation using the results of the thermal expansion measurements and the well-known pressure dependence of the superconducting transition temperature. The derived values for Rb 3 C 60 and K 3 Cu 60 are Δc p /T c ∝75mJ/molK 2 and Δc p /T c ∝64 mJ.molK 2 , respectively. The directly measured specific heat jump of K 3 C 60 gives approximately the same value of Δc p /T c , and, therefore, the use of the Ehrenfest relation on fullerides is justified. The specific heat jumps Δc p /T c , determined from theoretically derived values of the density of states at the Fermi level N(E F ) and the McMillan-parameter λ, exceed the experimental results by a factor of 1.5-2. This finding reflects the uncertainty concerning the superconducting parameters N(E F ) and λ. (orig.)

Superconducting properties of Zr1+xNi2-xGa and Zr1-xNi2+xGa Heusler compounds

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Saad Alzahrani

2017-05-01

Full Text Available The superconducting properties of a series of Zr1+xNi2-xGa and Zr1-xNi2+xGa compounds have been investigated by x-ray diffraction, electrical resistivity, dc magnetization, and ac susceptibility measurements. While the parent compound, ZrNi2Ga, exhibited the cubic L21 Heusler structure, multiple non-cubic structures formed in the Zr and Ni rich doped materials. For x ≤ 0.3, all Zr1-xNi2+xGa compounds demonstrated superconducting behavior, but no superconductivity was observed in the Zr1+xNi2-xGa alloys for x > 0.2. The magnetization data revealed that all materials in both Zr1+xNi2-xGa and Zr1-xNi2+xGa series exhibited type-II superconductivity. With increasing doping concentration x, the paramagnetic ordering were enhanced in both systems while the superconducting properties were found to weaken. The observations are discussed considering the structural disorders in the systems.

Magnetism, superconductivity and Fermi surfaces of plutonium compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haga, Y.; Aoki, D.; Yamagami, H.; Matsuda, T.D.; Nakajima, K.; Arai, Y.; Homma, Y.; Shiokawa, Y.; Yamamoto, E.; Nakamura, A.; Onuki, Y.

2007-01-01

Single crystals of plutonium compounds PuRhGa 5 and PuIn 3 are successfully grown. For PuRhGa 5 , anisotropy of the superconducting upper critical field was found and analyzed by the anisotropic mass model, consistent with quasi-two-dimensional electronic states predicted by band calculations. On the other hand, the de Haas-van Alphen oscillation was observed in PuIn 3 . By comparing with the band calculations, it is concluded that 5f electrons are itinerant in PuIn 3

Solid-state ionics: Studies of lithium-conducting sulfide glasses and a superconducting oxide compound

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahn, Byung Tae.

1989-01-01

The first part of this work studies lithium-conducting sulfide glasses for battery applications, while the second part studies the thermodynamic properties of a superconducting oxide compound by using an oxide electrolyte. Lithium conducting glasses based on the SiS 2 -Li 2 S system are possible solid electrolytes for high-energy-density lithium batteries. The foremost requirement for solid electrolytes is that they should have high ionic conductivities. Unfortunately, most crystalline lithium conductors have low ionic conductivities at room temperature. However, glass ionic conductors show higher ionic conductivities than do crystalline forms of the same material. In addition to higher ionic conductivities, glasses appear to have several advantages over crystalline materials. These advantages include isotropic conductivity, absence of grain boundary effects, ease of glass forming, and the potential for a wide range of stability to oxidizing and reducing conditions. Using pyrolitic graphite-coated quartz ampoules, new ternary compounds and glasses in the SiS 2 -Li 2 S system were prepared. Several techniques were used to characterize the materials: powder x-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and AC impedance spectroscopy. The measured lithium conductivity of the sulfide glasses was one of the highest among the known solid lithium conductors. Measuring the equilibrium open circuit voltages assisted in determining the electrochemical stabilities of the ternary compounds and glasses with respect to pure Li. A solid-state ionic technique called oxygen coulometric titration was used to measure the thermodynamic stability, the oxygen stoichiometry, and the effects of the oxygen stoichiometry, and the effects of the oxygen stoichiometry and the cooling rate on superconductivity of the YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-x compound were investigated

Low-temperature rapid synthesis and superconductivity of Fe-based oxypnictide superconductors.

Science.gov (United States)

Fang, Ai-Hua; Huang, Fu-Qiang; Xie, Xiao-Ming; Jiang, Mian-Heng

2010-03-17

Fe-based oxypnictide superconductors were successfully synthesized at lower reaction temperatures and with shorter reaction times made possible by starting with less stable compounds, which provide a larger driving force for reactions. Using ball-milled powders of intermediate compounds, phase-pure superconductors with T(c) above 50 K were synthesized at 1173 K in 20 min. This method is particularly advantageous for retaining F, a volatile dopant that enhances superconductivity. Bulk superconductivity and high upper critical fields up to 392 T in Sm(0.85)Nd(0.15)FeAsO(0.85)F(0.15) were demonstrated.

Positron annihilation in superconducting 123 compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peter, M.; Manuel, A.A.; Erb, A.

1998-01-01

After a brief review of the theory of angular correlation of positron annihilation radiation (ACAR), the authors illustrate experimental principles and give examples of successful determination of electron momentum density (EMD) and of positron lifetime in solids. The central question which the authors try to answer concerns the contribution of positron spectroscopy to the knowledge and understanding of the new high temperature superconducting oxides. They find that in these oxides also, partially filled bands exist and they can observe parts of their Fermi surface and measure lifetimes in accordance with band theoretical calculations. There are characteristic differences, however. The intensity of the anisotropy of the ACAR signal is below theoretical expectation and signals depend on sample preparation. Recent studies by the Geneva group have concerned dependence of the signals on impurities, on oxygen content and on the thermal history of preparation. Of particular interest are correlations between the variations of these signals and between the variations of structural and transport properties in these substances. Besides deliberate additions of impurities, the Geneva group also reports progress in the preparations of samples of highest purity (barium zirconate crucibles). The alloy series Pr x Y 1-x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ is of special interest because of exceptional transport properties. The recent positron results on these materials will be presented and commented in the light of theoretical models and in the light of the reported superconductivity of the Pr-compound

A 1.5 MJ cryostatic stable superconducting ohmic-heating coil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, S.-T.; Kim, S.H.; Praeg, W.F.; Krieger, C.I.

1978-01-01

As early as FY 1975, ANL had recognized the clear advantage of a superconducting ohmic-heating (OH) coil and proposed a five-year pulsed coil and power supply development program to ERDA. With modest funding made available by ERDA in FY 1977 and the use of substantial equipment inventory at ANL, a small but agressive development program was advanced to the construction of a 1.5 MJ model coil. The principle objective in building the 1.5 MJ ac coil is to demonstrate ac cryostability of a large coil with a dB/dt ranging from 2 T/s up to 14 T/s. The results of basic cable development and tests will be described. The design and construction of a prototype 1.5 MJ cryostable pulsed coil and its nonmetallic cryostat will be presented. (author)

Recent advances in the 5f-relevant electronic states and unconventional superconductivity of actinide compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haga, Yoshinori; Sakai, Hironori; Kambe, Shinsaku

2007-01-01

Recent advances in the understanding of the 5f-relevant electronic states and unconventional superconducting properties are reviewed in actinide compounds of UPd 2 Al 3 . UPt 3 , URu 2 Si 2 , UGe 2 , and PuRhGa 5 . These are based on the experimental results carried out on high-quality single crystal samples, including transuranium compounds, which were grown by using combined techniques. The paring state and the gap structure of these superconductors are discussed, especially for the corresponding Fermi surfaces which were clarified by the de Haas-van Alphen experiment and the energy band calculations. A detailed systematic study using the NQR/NMR spectroscopy reveals the d-wave superconductivity in PuRhGa 5 and the difference of magnetic excitations due to the difference of ground states in U-, Np-, and Pu-based AnTGa 5 (T: transition metal) compounds. (author)

Superconductivity: Is there a problem in transuranics?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Colineau, Eric; Griveau, Jean-Christophe; Eloirdi, Rachel; Hen, Amir; Caciuffo, Roberto

2014-01-01

Superconductivity was first reported in 1942 for uranium metal (¡-U) and in 1958 for U compounds: UCo, U6Mn, U6Fe, and U6Co, with critical temperatures Tc, of 1.7, 2.3, 3.9, and 2.3K, respectively. A new class of U superconductors emerged in the early 1980’s with the discovery of U heavy fermion superconductors : UBe13 (Tc = 0.85K), UPt3 (Tc = 0.53K), URu2Si2 (Tc = 1.5K) , UPd2Al3 (Tc = 1.9K) … Furthermore, in most of these systems, the superconducting phases coexist with antiferromagnetic (AF) correlations which have characteristic temperatures, usually the Néel temperature TN, that are typically one order of magnitude greater than the corresponding superconducting critical temperatures Tc. Superconductivity was even shown to co-exist with ferromagnetism in e.g. UGe2 (Tc ï» 0.8K, TC ï» 30K at p ï» 1.2GPa) and URhGe (Tc = 0.25K, TC = 9.5K). Heavy fermion superconductors still remain a major challenge for condensed matter physics. The existence of heavy fermion superconductivity and its coexistence or proximity with magnetic order suggests that the conventional mechanism of phonon-mediated superconductivity is inappropriate and that alternative mechanisms, like spin fluctuations, should be considered for Cooper pairing

Unconventional superconductivity in CaFe0.85Co0.15AsF evidenced by torque measurements

Science.gov (United States)

Xiao, Hong; Li, X. J.; Mu, G.; Hu, T.

Out-of-plane angular dependent torque measurements were performed on CaFe0.85Co0.15AsF single crystals. Abnormal superconducting fluctuation, featured by enhanced diamagnetism with magnetic field, is detected up to about 1.5 times superconducting transition temperature Tc. Compared to cuprate superconductors, the fluctuation effect in iron-based superconductor is less pronounced. Anisotropy parameter γ is obtained from the mixed state torque data and it is found that γ shows both magnetic field and temperature depenence, pointing to multiband superconductivity. The temperature dependence of penetration depth λ (T) suggests unconventional superconductivity in CaFe0.85Co0.15AsF.

Superconductivity induced by doping Rh in CaFe2-xRhxAs2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Qi Yanpeng; Wang Lei; Gao Zhaoshun; Wang Dongliang; Zhang Xianping; Wang Chunlei; Yao Chao; Ma Yanwei

2011-01-01

In this paper, we report the synthesis of iron-based superconductors CaFe 2-x Rh x As 2 using a one-step solid state reaction method that crystallizes in the ThCr 2 Si 2 -type structure with a space group I4/mmm. The systematic evolution of the lattice constants demonstrates that the Fe ions are successfully replaced by the Rh. By increasing the doping content of Rh, the spin-density-wave (SDW) transition in the parent compound is suppressed and superconductivity emerges. The maximum superconducting transition temperature is found at 18.5 K with a doping level of x=0.15. The temperature dependence of dc magnetization confirms superconducting transitions at around 15 K. The general phase diagram was obtained and found to be similar to the case of the Rh-doping Sr122 system. Our results explicitly demonstrate the feasibility of inducing superconductivity in Ca122 compounds by higher d-orbital electron doping; however, different Rh-doping effects between FeAs122 compounds and FeAs1111 systems still remains an open question.

Synthesis and superconductivity of molybdenum cluster compounds (Chevrel phase)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Culetto, F.J.

1979-05-01

The discovery of superconductivity in ternary molybdenum sulfides (Chevrel phases) in 1972 has stimulated research on these compounds. Some of the phases show extremely high critical fields Hc 2 and might therefore find technical application as high field superconductors. In order to understand the electron-phonon-interaction in these substances, measurements of the superconducting isotope effect in 92-100 Mo 6 Se 8 , Mo 6 76-82 Se 8 , and 116-124 SnMo 6 S 8 have been performed. The corresponding isotope effect exponents β (βmo=0.27 +- 0.04, βSe=0.27 +- 0.05 and βSn 6 Se 8 . In case of the ternary Chevrel phase SnMo 6 S 8 , phonon modes connected with displacements of the Sn-ions have only minor influence on the transition temperature. This result can be explained by the weak overlap of the molybdenum dsub(x)2sub(-y)2 - orbitals with Sn-sites. Furthermore, we report experiments on the synthesis of new Chevrel phase materials. In order to optimize the valence electron concentration in some ternary molybdenum selenide compounds, chalcogen exchange reactions have been performed. A new Chevrel phase superconductor, Cusub(x)Mo 6 S 6 J 2 with x=0 - 1.2, has been synthesized by copper diffusion into the non occupied channels running between the Mo 6 S 6 J 2 -'molecules' of Mo 6 S 6 J 2 . (orig.)

Superconductivity and magnet technology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lubell, M.S.

1975-01-01

The background theory of superconducting behavior is reviewed. Three parameters that characterize superconducting materials with values of commercial materials as examples are discussed. More than 1000 compounds and alloy systems and 26 elements are known to exhibit superconducting properties under normal conditions at very low temperatures. A wide variety of crystal structures are represented among the known superconductors. The most important ones do seem to have cubic symmetry such as the body-centered cubic (NbZr and NbTi), face-centered cubic (NbN), and the A15 or β-tungsten structures (Nb 3 Sn), V 3 Ga, Nb 3 Ge, Nb 3 Al, and V 3 Si). Attempts to understand some of the particular phenomena associated with superconductors as a necessary prelude to constructing superconducting magnets are discussed by the author. The origin of degradation is briefly discussed and methods to stabilize magnets are illustrated. The results of Oak Ridge National Laboratory design studies of toroidal magnet systems for fusion reactors are described

Superconductivity of TiNCl intercalated with diamines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamanaka, Shoji; Umemoto, Keita

2010-01-01

Intercalation compounds of TiNCl with ethylenediamine (EDA) and hexamethylenediamine (HDA) were prepared. The basal spacing of TiNCl increased by 3.3-3.9 A upon intercalation, implying that the molecules are lying with the alkyl chains parallel to the TiNCl layers in both compounds. The intercalated compounds showed superconductivity with transition temperatures (T c s) of 10.5 and 15.5 K for EDA and HDA, respectively, which are higher than 8.6 K of pyridine (Py) intercalated compound, Py 0.25 TiNCl.

Unconventional superconductivity of the heavy fermion compound UNi2Al3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zakharov, Andrey

2008-01-01

The heavy fermion compound UNi 2 Al 3 exhibits the coexistence of superconductivity and magnetic order at low temperatures, stimulating speculations about possible exotic Cooper-pairing interaction in this superconductor. However, the preparation of good quality bulk single crystals of UNi 2 Al 3 has proven to be a non-trivial task due to metallurgical problems, which result in the formation of an UAl 2 impurity phase and hence a strongly reduced sample purity. The present work concentrates on the preparation, characterization and electronic properties investigation of UNi 2 Al 3 single crystalline thin film samples. The preparation of thin films was accomplished in a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) system. (100)-oriented epitaxial thin films of UNi 2 Al 3 were grown on single crystalline YAlO 3 substrates cut in (010)- or (112)-direction. The high crystallographic quality of the samples was proved by several characterisation methods, such as X-ray analysis, RHEED and TEM. To study the magnetic structure of epitaxial thin films resonant magnetic X-ray scattering was employed. The magnetic order of thin the film samples, the formation of magnetic domains with different moment directions, and the magnetic correlation length were discussed. The electronic properties of the UNi 2 Al 3 thin films in the normal and superconducting states were investigated by means of transport measurements. A pronounced anisotropy of the temperature dependent resistivity ρ(T) was observed. Moreover, it was found that the temperature of the resistive superconducting transition depends on the current direction, providing evidence for multiband superconductivity in UNi 2 Al 3 . The initial slope of the upper critical field H' c2 (T) of the thin film samples suggests an unconventional spin-singlet superconducting state, as opposed to bulk single crystal data. To probe the superconducting gap of UNi 2 Al 3 directly by means of tunnelling spectroscopy many planar junctions of different design

Effect of disorder on the superconducting properties of materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brouers, F.; Derenne, M.

1982-01-01

The effect of the variation of the density states at the Fermi level on the critical superconductivity temperature TC of transition metal compounds is studied. This paper suggests using the technique of calculating the 5-fold degenerate d-band density of states from a continued fraction extension of a tight-binding Green function to study the relative importance of one dimensionality chain coupling, three dimensional interactions and the effect of disorder on the electronic and superconducting properties of complex phase and in particular A15 phases. The first results obtained for A15 phases density of states indicate that an extension of the suggested method can be of great interest to analyze the effect of disorder on superconductivity properties of complex phases

Heavy-fermion behaviour and superconductivity of UPt3-based compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sprang, M. van.

1989-01-01

This thesis presents an experimental study of the low-temperature properties of the heavy-fermion superconductor UPt 3 and some related compounds, by measuring new properties or extending the variation of external parameters. In ch. 1 detailed information on the crystallographic structure of UPt 3 is presented. In ch. 2 the theory of the single-impurity Kondo effect is described, including the predictions for the physical properties and the parameters involved with it. The theoretical implications are extended to the case where the amount of magnetic impurities is so large that one cannot speak anymore of single-impurity (non-interacting) systems. The interactions lead to a state with quite different properties and can eventually lead to a coherent state when the magnetic moment distribution has the lattice periodicity. This is believed to be the case for UPt 3 , since the magnetic moments are present in very unit cell. Ch. 3 offers basic information on the experiments: sample preparation, characterization and measuring techniques are discussed. Ch. 4 deals with the thermal properties. The results of specific heat and thermal expansion experiments on UPt 3 , U(Pt 1-x Pd x ) 3 and UPt 3 B x are presented. With the use of the results the Grueneisen analysis is applied. The consequences for the interpretation in terms of the Kondo model are discussed. Ch. 5 discusses the transport and magnetic properties of the normal state. Results for UPt 3 as well as for the alloyed systems are presented and are, if possible, compared with the results obtained in the Kondo model. Ch. 6 deals with the superconducting state. Resistivity experiments are used to obtain the superconducting transition temperature; the influence of added impurities is investigated. Pd atoms (replacing Pt) are used as impurity, but also boron and carbon are interstitially alloyed. (author). 136 refs.; 105 figs.; 15 tabs

Bulk superconducting gap of V_3Si studied by low-energy ultrahigh-resolution photoemission spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sato, T.; Souma, S.; Nakayama, K.; Sugawara, K.; Toyota, N.; Takahashi, T.

2016-01-01

Highlights: • We report ultrahigh-resolution photoemission spectroscopy of A15 compound V_3Si. • We found a sharp quasiparticle peak due to superconducting-gap opening. • The surface metallic component is negligibly small in the bulk-sensitive measurement. • We show that V_3Si is a single-gap s-wave superconductor. - Abstract: We have performed low-energy ultrahigh-resolution photoemission spectroscopy (PES) of A15 compound V_3Si with a xenon-plasma discharge lamp to elucidate the bulk superconducting gap. Below the superconducting transition temperature (T_c = 15.9 K), we found a sharp quasiparticle peak at the Fermi level in the PES spectrum. The gap spectrum is well fitted by a single s-wave superconducting-gap function together with a dip structure at ∼30 meV suggestive of a strong electron-phonon coupling. The anomalous in-gap state previously observed in the PES measurement with high-energy photons is absent or negligibly small in the present bulk-sensitive measurement. The present PES result shows that V_3Si is a single-gap s-wave superconductor.

Superconductivity and magnetic order in the noncentrosymmetric half-Heusler compound ErPdBi

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Pan, Y.; Nikitin, A.M.; Bay, T.V.; Huang, Y.K.; Paulsen, C.; Yan, B.H.; de Visser, A.

2013-01-01

We report superconductivity at Tc = 1.22 K and magnetic order at TN = 1.06\\ K in the semimetallic noncentrosymmetric half-Heusler compound ErPdBi. The upper critical field, Bc2, has an unusual quasi-linear temperature variation and reaches a value of 1.6 T for T - 0 . Magnetic order is found below

Superconductivity of TiNCl intercalated with diamines

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yamanaka, Shoji, E-mail: syamana@hiroshima-u.ac.j [Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527 (Japan); Umemoto, Keita [Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527 (Japan)

2010-12-15

Intercalation compounds of TiNCl with ethylenediamine (EDA) and hexamethylenediamine (HDA) were prepared. The basal spacing of TiNCl increased by 3.3-3.9 A upon intercalation, implying that the molecules are lying with the alkyl chains parallel to the TiNCl layers in both compounds. The intercalated compounds showed superconductivity with transition temperatures (T{sub c}s) of 10.5 and 15.5 K for EDA and HDA, respectively, which are higher than 8.6 K of pyridine (Py) intercalated compound, Py{sub 0.25}TiNCl.

Phase relations and superconductivity in the binary Re-Si system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jorda, J.L.; Ishikawa, M.; Muller, J.

1982-01-01

The phase diagram of the Re-Si system was reinvestigated by means of high temperature methods of analysis. Several modifications were found to the existing diagram. An extended rhenium solid solution (up to 10 at.% Si) was established with a rapid quenching technique. Within this terminal solid solution, the superconducting transition temperature increased from 1.7 to 5.2 K. The phase corresponding to the Re 5 Si 3 compound was homogeneous at 33 at.% Si. The peritectically formed equiatomic compound decomposed eutectoidally at 1650 0 C and was superconducting at 1.5 K. The compound ReSi 2 was found to be off stoichiometric, occurring at the composition ReSisub(1.8). (Auth.)

A search for superconductivity below 1 K in transition metal borides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leyarovska, L.; Leyarovski, E.

1979-01-01

Some AlB 2 -type (C32 structure) boron compounds were examined for superconductivity down to 0.42 K; the compounds have the formula MeB 2 (Me equivalent to Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo) (the atomic ratio of metal to boron was 0.5). Only NbB 2 was found to be superconducting with Tsub(c) = 0.62 K and a surprisingly high value of Hsub(c)(0), about 1600 Oe. Other transition metal as well as non-transition metal boron phases were also tested for superconductivity down to 0.42 K; these compounds were MeB 2 (Me equivalent to Ca, Sr, Ba), W 2 B 5 , CrB, Cr 5 B 3 , UB 2 , UB 4 and UB 12 . None of these compounds proved to be superconducting above 0.42 K; nor was any trace of superconductivity down to 0.42 K observed in MoB and NbB. (Auth.)

The development of the superconducting tetragonal PbO-type FeSe and related compounds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wu, M.K. [Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei (China); Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu (China); Yeh, K.W.; Huang, T.W.; Chen, T.K.; Luo, J.Y.; Ke, C.T.; Rao, S.M.D. [Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei (China); Hsu, H.C.; Wang, M.J. [Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, Taipei (China); Chang, H.H. [Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu (China); Moh, M.H. [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu (China)

2010-03-15

An overview of the recent development of the superconducting FeSe{sub 1-x} and related compounds is presented. Methods to synthesize high purity poly-crystalline samples, single crystals, and thin films with preferred orientation are described. It was found that the effects of chemical doping to the Se-site or Fe-site are rather different. Ionic size of the doping is found to play critical role on the occurrence of superconductivity. We also review the physical properties, including transport, magnetic, and thermal properties. There exist interesting transport anomalies in the resistivity and Hall coefficient at low temperature; and it was found that a structural distortion at low temperature is critical to the occurrence of superconductivity in these materials. However, the exact origin of these observed anomalies are not clear, and the exact pairing symmetry in FeSe-based superconductors is also still in question. (Abstract Copyright [2010], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Valence skipping driven superconductivity and charge Kondo effect

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yanagisawa, Takashi; Hase, Izumi

2013-01-01

Highlights: •Valence skipping in metallic compounds can give rise to an unconventional superconductivity. •Several elements in the periodic table show valence skipping (or valence missing), for example, Bi forms the compounds in valence states +3 and +5. •The doping of valence skipping elements will induce superconductivity and this will lead to a possibility of high temperature superconductivity. •We consider the Wolf model with negative-U impurities, and show a phase diagram including superconducting phase. •There is a high temperature region near the boundary. -- Abstract: Valence skipping in metallic compounds can give rise to an unconventional superconductivity. Several elements in the periodic table show valence skipping (or valence missing), for example, Bi forms the compounds in valence states +3 and +5. The doping of valence skipping elements will induce superconductivity and this will lead to a possibility of high temperature superconductivity. We consider the Wolf model with negative-U impurities, and show a phase diagram including superconducting phase. The superconducting state is changed into a metallic state with a local singlet as the attractive interaction |U| increases. There is a high temperature region near the boundary

the tj model and superconductivity

African Journals Online (AJOL)

DJFLEX

Perhaps that in the reason why their explanations of the superconductivity have had limited scope . A proper theory and mechanism of superconductivity in the ceramic cuprates should take account of magnetism inherent in the compounds. For the (214) compound experiment have revealed strong antiferromagnetic (AF).

Bulk superconducting gap of V{sub 3}Si studied by low-energy ultrahigh-resolution photoemission spectroscopy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sato, T., E-mail: t-sato@arpes.phys.tohoku.ac.jp [Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578 (Japan); Souma, S. [WPI Research Center, Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan); Nakayama, K. [Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578 (Japan); Sugawara, K. [WPI Research Center, Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan); Toyota, N. [Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578 (Japan); Takahashi, T. [Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578 (Japan); WPI Research Center, Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan)

2016-04-15

Highlights: • We report ultrahigh-resolution photoemission spectroscopy of A15 compound V{sub 3}Si. • We found a sharp quasiparticle peak due to superconducting-gap opening. • The surface metallic component is negligibly small in the bulk-sensitive measurement. • We show that V{sub 3}Si is a single-gap s-wave superconductor. - Abstract: We have performed low-energy ultrahigh-resolution photoemission spectroscopy (PES) of A15 compound V{sub 3}Si with a xenon-plasma discharge lamp to elucidate the bulk superconducting gap. Below the superconducting transition temperature (T{sub c} = 15.9 K), we found a sharp quasiparticle peak at the Fermi level in the PES spectrum. The gap spectrum is well fitted by a single s-wave superconducting-gap function together with a dip structure at ∼30 meV suggestive of a strong electron-phonon coupling. The anomalous in-gap state previously observed in the PES measurement with high-energy photons is absent or negligibly small in the present bulk-sensitive measurement. The present PES result shows that V{sub 3}Si is a single-gap s-wave superconductor.

Superconductivity in the actinides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smith, J.L.; Lawson, A.C.

1985-01-01

The trends in the occurrence of superconductivity in actinide materials are discussed. Most of them seem to show simple transition metal behavior. However, the superconductivity of americium proves that the f electrons are localized in that element and that ''actinides'' is the correct name for this row of elements. Recently the superconductivity of UBe 13 and UPt 3 has been shown to be extremely unusual, and these compounds fall in the new class of compounds now known as heavy fermion materials

Characterization and long term operation of a novel superconducting undulator with 15 mm period length in a synchrotron light source

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S. Casalbuoni

2016-11-01

Full Text Available A new cryogen-free full scale (1.5 m long superconducting undulator with a period length of 15 mm (SCU15 has been successfully tested in the ANKA storage ring. This represents a very important milestone in the development of superconducting undulators for third and fourth generation light sources carried on by the collaboration between the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and the industrial partner Babcock Noell GmbH. SCU15 is the first full length device worldwide that with beam reaches a higher peak field than what expected with the same geometry (vacuum gap and period length with an ideal cryogenic permanent magnet undulator built with the best material available PrFeB. After a summary on the design and main parameters of the device, we present here the characterization in terms of spectral properties and the long term operation of the SCU15 in the ANKA storage ring.

Unconventional superconductivity of the heavy fermion compound UNi{sub 2}Al{sub 3}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zakharov, Andrey

2008-07-01

The heavy fermion compound UNi{sub 2}Al{sub 3} exhibits the coexistence of superconductivity and magnetic order at low temperatures, stimulating speculations about possible exotic Cooper-pairing interaction in this superconductor. However, the preparation of good quality bulk single crystals of UNi{sub 2}Al{sub 3} has proven to be a non-trivial task due to metallurgical problems, which result in the formation of an UAl{sub 2} impurity phase and hence a strongly reduced sample purity. The present work concentrates on the preparation, characterization and electronic properties investigation of UNi{sub 2}Al{sub 3} single crystalline thin film samples. The preparation of thin films was accomplished in a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) system. (100)-oriented epitaxial thin films of UNi{sub 2}Al{sub 3} were grown on single crystalline YAlO{sub 3} substrates cut in (010)- or (112)-direction. The high crystallographic quality of the samples was proved by several characterisation methods, such as X-ray analysis, RHEED and TEM. To study the magnetic structure of epitaxial thin films resonant magnetic X-ray scattering was employed. The magnetic order of thin the film samples, the formation of magnetic domains with different moment directions, and the magnetic correlation length were discussed. The electronic properties of the UNi{sub 2}Al{sub 3} thin films in the normal and superconducting states were investigated by means of transport measurements. A pronounced anisotropy of the temperature dependent resistivity {rho}(T) was observed. Moreover, it was found that the temperature of the resistive superconducting transition depends on the current direction, providing evidence for multiband superconductivity in UNi{sub 2}Al{sub 3}. The initial slope of the upper critical field H'{sub c2}(T) of the thin film samples suggests an unconventional spin-singlet superconducting state, as opposed to bulk single crystal data. To probe the superconducting gap of UNi{sub 2}Al{sub 3

Determination of settings in the protection system for Tokamak-15 superconducting magnet

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chudnovsky, A.N.; Khvostenko, P.P.; Posadsky, I.A.

1996-01-01

The calculations results of the maximal temperature heating of Tokamak-15 superconducting magnet (T-15 SM) under energy removal dependent on the current through the coil are given in paper. The calculations of SM thermomechanical strength have shown that the maximal coil heating temperature should not exceed 150--160 K. The range of the settings level in SM protection system for currents 1 ≤ 4 kA has been determined

High temperature superconducting compounds II; Proceedings of the Second Symposium, Anaheim, CA, Feb. 20, 21, 1990

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Whang, S.H.; Dasgupta, A.; Laibowitz, R.

1990-01-01

Various topics relevant to the production and implementation of high-temperature superconducting compounds are highlighted including critical current; texturing; ceramics and novel processing; composites; deformation and consolidation; thin films; microstructures; tapes, filaments, and ribbons; and thermodynamics. The thermally activated flux creep, critical current density and current enhancement in high-temperature superconductors are addressed. Also discussed are the phase stability and microstructure of doped superconductors, mechanical considerations in the processing of high-Tc superconductors, fabrication and application of high current density, high RTc superconducting thin films and devices, the effect of substrate temperature and RF biasing on the composition of sputtered Bi-based superconducting thin films, and optical electron microanalysis of cuprate superconductors. The microstructure dependence of critical current density and fabrication of double-layered ribbons from cuprate are also discussed

Superconducting permanent magnets for high-temperature operation

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Jirsa, Miloš; Muralidhar, M.

2004-01-01

Roč. 54, Suppl. D (2004), D441-D444 ISSN 0011-4626. [Czech and Slovak Conference on Magnetism. Košice, 12.07.2004-15.07.2004] Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z1010914 Keywords : superconducting magnets * ternary LRE-123 compounds * mesoscopic defects Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 0.292, year: 2004

The influence of the s-d(f) Coulomb interaction on the transition element compound superconductive critical temperature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kravtsov, V.E.; Mal'shukov, A.G.

1978-01-01

The influence of s-d Coulomb interaction on the superconductive critical temperature Tsub(c) of transition element compounds and their dilute alloys was investigated in the frame of Anderson model. Coulomb interaction of electrons with opposite spins on the same atom was considered in a ladder approximation valid when hybridization is sufficiently small while s-d Coulomb interaction has led to the 'parquet' summation. It is shown that s-d Coulomb interaction results in the decrease of Tsub(c) and hence the electron mechanism of superconductivity seems to be non-effective in systems under consideration. (author)

Once upon a time, there was a brittle but superconducting niobium-tin…

CERN Multimedia

Stefania Pandolfi

2016-01-01

The production of the new niobium-tin cables for the high-performance superconducting magnets of the HL-LHC is now in full swing at CERN.   The Rutherford cabling machine is operating in the superconducting laboratory, in Building 163. (Photo: Max Brice/CERN) Extraordinary research needs extraordinary machines: the upgrade project of the LHC, the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), has the goal of achieving instantaneous luminosities a factor of five larger than the LHC nominal value, and it relies on magnetic fields reaching the level of 12 Tesla. The superconducting niobium-titanium (Nb-Ti) used in the LHC magnets can only bear magnetic fields of up to 9-10 Tesla. Therefore, an alternative solution for the superconducting magnets materials was needed. The key innovative technology to develop superconducting magnets beyond 10 Tesla has been found in the niobium-tin (Nb3Sn)  compound. This compound was actually discovered in 1954, eight years before Nb-Ti, but when the LHC was built, ...

Metallurgy of continuous filamentary A15 superconductors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suenaga, M.

1980-01-01

The early history of the bronze process is recapitulated and modifications to the process which have since followed are described. The metallurgical principles, which are involved in the process, are described including the kinetics of the compound growth, the effects of additives on the growth, etc. The superconducting properties of these compounds are also discussed. The influence of metallurgical variables on the superconducting properties is discussed in detail. In discussing the superconducting current densities in these compounds, limits in applicability of existing magnetic-flux-pinning models are also treated as well as methods for determining critical magnetic fields

Submicron superconducting structures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Golovashkin, A.I.; Lykov, A.N.

1986-01-01

An overview of works concerning superconducting structures of submicron dimensions and a system of such structures is given. It is noted that usage of the above structures in superconducting microelectronics permits, first, to increase the element packing density, to decrease the signal transmission time, capacity, power dissipated in high-frequency applications. Secondly, negligible coherence length in transition metals, their alloys and high-temperature compounds also restrict the dimensions of superconducting weak couplings when the 'classical' Josephson effect is displayed. The most effective methods for production of submicron superconducting structures are the following: lithography, double scribering. Recently the systems of superconducting submicron elements are extensively studied. It is shown that such systems can be phased by magnetic field

Liquid phase sintered superconducting cermet

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ray, S.P.

1990-01-01

This patent describes a method of making a superconducting cermet having superconducting properties with improved bulk density, low porosity and in situ stabilization. It comprises: forming a structure of a superconducting ceramic material having the formula RM 2 Cu 3 O (6.5 + x) wherein R is one or more rare earth elements capable of reacting to form a superconducting ceramic, M is one or more alkaline earth metal elements selected from barium and strontium capable of reacting to form a superconducting ceramic, x is greater than 0 and less than 0.5; and a precious metal compound in solid form selected from the class consisting of oxides, sulfides and halides of silver; and liquid phase sintering the mixture at a temperature wherein the precious metal of the precious metal compound is molten and below the melting point of the ceramic material. The liquid phase sintering is carried out for a time less than 36 hours but sufficient to improve the bulk density of the cermet

Optimization of superconducting bending magnets for a 1.0 to 1.5 GeV compact light source

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Green, M.A.; Garren, A.A.

1995-06-01

Compact light sources are being proposed for protein crystallography, medical imaging, nano-machining and other areas of study that require intense sources of x rays at energies up to 35 keV. In order for a synchrotron light source to be attractive, its capital cost must, be kept low. The proposed compact light source has superconducting bending elements to bend the stored beam and produce the x rays. Additional focusing for the machine is provided by conventional quadrupoles. An important part of the cost optimization of a compact light source is the cost of the bending magnets. In the case of a machine with superconducting bending elements, the bending magnet system can represent close to half of the storage ring cost. The compact light source storage rings studied here have a range of stored electron energies from 1.0 to 1.5 GeV. For a number of reasons, it is desirable to keep the storage ring circumference below 30 meters. Cost optimization parameters include: (1) the number of superconducting bending elements in the ring, and (2) the central induction of the dipole. A machine design that features two superconducting dipoles in a single cryostat vacuum vessel is also discussed

Preparation of Nb-Si phases by cathode sputtering, in particulat the superconducting phase of epitactically grown A15-Nb3Si

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Siefken, U.

1979-01-01

The search for new superconducting materials with high transition temperatures is concentrated on alloys with a cubic A15 structure (Cr 3 Si structure). In this paper we present the preparation of metastable A15-Nb 3 Si which is expected to have a very high transition temperature Tsub(c). The properties of the A15 structure which are relevant for superconductivity are described, in particular the orthogonal chains as the most important structural characteristic, metastability, and the relation between lattice defects and transition temperature. For target compositions of 75% Nb / 25% Si and 80% Nb / 20% Si A15-Nb 3 Si transition temperatures of Tsub(c) = 5.3 K and Tsub(c) = 7.5 K have been measured respectively, with lattice constants asub(o) = 5.19 A and asub(o) = 5.18 A. (orig.) [de

Experimental transmission electron microscopy studies and phenomenological model of bismuth-based superconducting compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Elboussiri, Khalid

1991-01-01

The main part of this thesis is devoted to an experimental study by transmission electron microscopy of the different phases of the superconducting bismuth cuprates Bi_2Sr_2Ca_n_-_1Cu_nO_2_n_+_4. In high resolution electron microscopy, the two types of incommensurate modulation realized in these compounds have been observed. A model of structure has been proposed from which the simulated images obtained are consistent with observations. The medium resolution images correlated with the electron diffraction data have revealed existence of a multi-soliton regime with latent lock in phases of commensurate periods between 4b and 10b. At last, a description of different phases of these compounds as a result of superstructures from a disordered perovskite type structure is proposed (author) [fr

In vivo MR imaging of the human skin at subnanoliter resolution using a superconducting surface coil at 1.5 Tesla.

Science.gov (United States)

Laistler, Elmar; Poirier-Quinot, Marie; Lambert, Simon A; Dubuisson, Rose-Marie; Girard, Olivier M; Moser, Ewald; Darrasse, Luc; Ginefri, Jean-Christophe

2015-02-01

To demonstrate the feasibility of a highly sensitive superconducting surface coil for microscopic MRI of the human skin in vivo in a clinical 1.5 Tesla (T) scanner. A 12.4-mm high-temperature superconducting coil was used at 1.5T for phantom and in vivo skin imaging. Images were inspected to identify fine anatomical skin structures. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement by the high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coil, as compared to a commercial MR microscopy coil was quantified from phantom imaging; the gain over a geometrically identical coil made from copper (cooled or not) was theoretically deduced. Noise sources were identified to evaluate the potential of HTS coils for future studies. In vivo skin images with isotropic 80 μm resolution were demonstrated revealing fine anatomical structures. The HTS coil improved SNR by a factor 32 over the reference coil in a nonloading phantom. For calf imaging, SNR gains of 380% and 30% can be expected over an identical copper coil at room temperature and 77 K, respectively. The high sensitivity of HTS coils allows for microscopic imaging of the skin at 1.5T and could serve as a tool for dermatology in a clinical setting. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Superconductivity in the ternary rare-earth (Y, La, and Lu) compounds RPd2Si2 and RRh2Si2

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Palstra, T.T.M.; Lu, G.; Menovsky, A.A.; Nieuwenhuys, G.J.; Kes, P.H.; Mydosh, J.A.

1986-01-01

We have investigated the superconducting and metallurgical properties of the ternary compounds RPd2Si2 and RRh2Si2 with R = Y, La, and Lu. All RPd2Si2 compounds and LaRh2Si2 were found to be type-I superconductors below 1 K. A detailed metallurgical analysis shows that segregation of second phases

Superconductivity under high pressure in the binary compound CaLi2

Science.gov (United States)

Debessai, M.; Matsuoka, T.; Hamlin, J. J.; Gangopadhyay, A. K.; Schilling, J. S.; Shimizu, K.; Ohishi, Y.

2008-12-01

Feng predicted for CaLi2 highly anomalous properties with possible superconductivity under very high pressures, including for the hcp polymorph a significant lattice bifurcation at pressures above 47 GPa. More recently, however, Feng suggested that for pressures exceeding 20 GPa CaLi2 may dissociate into elemental Ca and Li. Here we present for hcp CaLi2 measurements of the electrical resistivity and ac susceptibility to low temperatures under pressures as high as 81 GPa. Pressure-induced superconductivity is observed in the pressure range of 11-81 GPa, with Tc reaching values as high as 13 K. X-ray diffraction studies to 54 GPa at 150 K reveal that hcp CaLi2 undergoes a structural phase transition above 23 GPa to orthorhombic but does not dissociate into elemental Ca and Li. In the hcp phase a fit of the equation of state with the Murnaghan equation yields the bulk modulus Bo=15(2)GPa and dBo/dP=3.2(6) .

Superconductivity in MgB{sub 2}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Muranaka, Takahiro; Akimitsu, Jun [Aoyama Gakuin Univ., Kanagawa (Japan). Dept. of Physics and Mathematics

2011-07-01

We review superconductivity in MgB{sub 2} in terms of crystal and electronic structure, electron-phonon coupling, two-gap superconductivity and application. Finally, we introduce the development of new superconducting materials in related compounds. (orig.)

Ceramic superconductor/metal composite materials employing the superconducting proximity effect

Science.gov (United States)

Holcomb, Matthew J.

2002-01-01

Superconducting composite materials having particles of superconducting material disposed in a metal matrix material with a high electron-boson coupling coefficient (.lambda.). The superconducting particles can comprise any type of superconductor including Laves phase materials, Chevrel phase materials, A15 compounds, and perovskite cuprate ceramics. The particles preferably have dimensions of about 10-500 nanometers. The particles preferably have dimensions larger than the superconducting coherence length of the superconducting material. The metal matrix material has a .lambda. greater than 0.2, preferably the .lambda. is much higher than 0.2. The metal matrix material is a good proximity superconductor due to its high .lambda.. When cooled, the superconductor particles cause the metal matrix material to become superconducting due to the proximity effect. In cases where the particles and the metal matrix material are chemically incompatible (i.e., reactive in a way that destroys superconductivity), the particles are provided with a thin protective metal coating. The coating is chemically compatible with the particles and metal matrix material. High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) cuprate ceramic particles are reactive and therefore require a coating of a noble metal resistant to oxidation (e.g., silver, gold). The proximity effect extends through the metal coating. With certain superconductors, non-noble metals can be used for the coating.

Superconducting state mechanisms and properties

CERN Document Server

Kresin, Vladimir Z; Wolf, Stuart A

2014-01-01

'Superconducting State' provides a very detailed theoretical treatment of the key mechanisms of superconductivity, including the current state of the art (phonons, magnons, and plasmons). A very complete description is given of the electron-phonon mechanism responsible for superconductivity in the majority of superconducting systems, and the history of its development, as well as a detailed description of the key experimental techniques used to study the superconducting state and determine the mechanisms. In addition, there are chapters describing the discovery and properties of the key superconducting compounds that are of the most interest for science, and applications including a special chapter on the cuprate superconductors. It provides detailed treatments of some very novel aspects of superconductivity, including multiple bands (gaps), the "pseudogap" state, novel isotope effects beyond BCS, and induced superconductivity.

Academic training: Applied superconductivity

CERN Multimedia

2007-01-01

LECTURE SERIES 17, 18, 19 January from 11.00 to 12.00 hrs Council Room, Bldg 503 Applied Superconductivity : Theory, superconducting Materials and applications E. PALMIERI/INFN, Padova, Italy When hearing about persistent currents recirculating for several years in a superconducting loop without any appreciable decay, one realizes that we are dealing with a phenomenon which in nature is the closest known to the perpetual motion. Zero resistivity and perfect diamagnetism in Mercury at 4.2 K, the breakthrough during 75 years of several hundreds of superconducting materials, the revolution of the "liquid Nitrogen superconductivity"; the discovery of still a binary compound becoming superconducting at 40 K and the subsequent re-exploration of the already known superconducting materials: Nature discloses drop by drop its intimate secrets and nobody can exclude that the last final surprise must still come. After an overview of phenomenology and basic theory of superconductivity, the lectures for this a...

Nonphonon mechanism of superconductivity in compounds of transition metals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ivanov, V.A.; Zaitsev, R.O.

1989-01-01

The kinematical mechanism of superconductivity is applied to the Emery-Hirsch model for the CuO 2 and BiO 3 layers. A superconducting region due to strong kinematic interaction of p- and s, d-electrons are determined as a function of n p and n s,d -degrees of non-filling of 2p 6 ,6s 2 ,3d 10 shells of O 2 - ,Bi 3 + ,Cu + . The T c is calculated taking into account the spin flip relaxation time. Magnetostatic properties of a superconducting state in a weak magnetic field are investigated. Coefficients of the Ginzburg-Landau equation are calculated. The ground state energy of the Emery-Hirsch model is also calculated

Zinc substitution effects on the superconducting properties of Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4-δ

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garcia-Vazquez, V.; Mazumdar, S.; Falco, C.M.; Barlingay, C.; Risbud, S.H.

1990-01-01

With the discovery of the electron superconductors, a new dimension was added to research in the field of high-temperature superconductivity. Studies of these materials should help elucidate the mechanism responsible for high-temperature superconductivity, as well as improve strategies for finding new superconductors. In this paper, we discuss the superconducting structural properties of Nd 1.85 Ce 0.15 (Cu 1-y Zn y )O 4 as a function of the Zn concentration y. Detailed comparisons with previous results of similar substitution studies in the single-CuO 2 -layer hole superconductor La 1.85 Sr 0.15 CuO 4 also are made. We have found that the non-magnetic element Zn has a detrimental effect on the T'-phase electron superconductor, and that this effect is as strong as in the T-phase hole superconductor. Theoretical implications and the question of electron-hole symmetry are also discussed

Radiation effects on superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brown, B.S.

1975-01-01

The effect of radiation on the superconducting transition temperature (T/sub c/), upper critical field (H/sub c2/), and volume-pinning-force density (F/sub p/) were discussed for the three kinds of superconducting material (elements, alloys, and compounds). 11 figures, 3 tables, 86 references

Design considerations for superconducting magnets as a maglev pad

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ichikawa, H.; Ogiwara, H.

1974-01-01

The design and construction of a thin superconducting magnet for a magnetically suspended high-speed train are explained. The superconducting magnet, which is to be used in a null-flux maglev train system, is called a 'wing-type' superconducting magnet because of its geometry. The wing-type superconducting magnet is about 1.5m long and weighs about 500kg, but its heat loss is within 1W, which is very small compared with that of conventional superconducting magnets. (author)

Synthesis and study of the magnetic properties of thallium-based over-doped superconducting compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Opagiste, C.

1994-07-01

The synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of the normal and superconducting states of over-doped Tl 2 Ba 2 Cu O 6±x and Tl 2 Ba 2 Ca Cu 2 O 8±x superconducting compounds, are presented. Synthesis under high pressure using Tl 2 Ba 2 O 5 as a precursor avoids thallium losses and Ba Cu O 2 formation. The entire over-doped region has been investigated (Tc ranging from 0 to 92 K) and the different stability zones for the two crystallographic structures have been explored. The orthorhombic structure is shown to be stoichiometric in cations, while the tetragonal one could present thallium deficiency. Clear correlations have been established between Tc and the lattice parameters for the two phases. It has been observed that the Meissner fraction increased with Tc and that the reversibility domain was more extended for samples having a Tc near the maximal value, which must be linked to the decrease of the anisotropy with over-doping. In the reversible regime, the mixed state is affected by thermal fluctuations around Tc. Evolution of the penetration depth with Tc is examined; it shows that the optimum doped compound (maximal Tc) behaves as a BCS type superconductor. The over-doping results in a penetration depth behaviour which strongly deviates from the standard model (BCS, two fluids). The zero temperature, obtained by extrapolation, seems to be independent of the over-doping. 54 figs., 3 tabs., 168 refs

Nature of the defects in irradiated A-15 compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pande, C.S.; Viswanathan, R.

1978-01-01

From transmission electron microscopy and heat capacity measurements radiation induced damage in A-15 compounds was found to be inhomogeneous, consisting of small disordered regions in an ordered matrix. Some consequences of this result are discussed

Prediction of Chevrel superconducting phases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Savitskij, E.M.; Kiseleva, N.N.

1978-01-01

Made is an attempt of predicting the possibility of formation of compounds of Mo 3 Se 4 type structure having critical temperatures of transition into superconducting state more than 4.2 K. Cybernetic method of teaching an electronic computer to form notions is used for prediction. Prediction system constructs logic dependence of forming Chevrel superconducting phase of the Asub(x)Bsub(6)Ssub(8) composition (A being an element of the periodic system; B=Cr, Mo, W, Re) and Asub(x)Bsub(6)Ssub(8) compounds having a critical temperature of more than 4.2 K on the properties of A and B elements. A conclusion is made that W, Re, Cr do not form Chevrel phases of the Asub(x)Bsub(6)Ssub(8) composition as B component. Be, Hg, Ra, B, Ac are the reserve for obtaining Asub(x)Mosub(6)Ssub(8) phases. Agsub(x)Mosub(6)Ssub(8) compound may have a high critical temperature. The ways of a critical temperature increase for Chevrel phases are connected with the search of optimal technological conditions for already known superconducting compounds and also with introduction of impurities fixing a distance between sulfur cubes

Fabrication of superconducting wire using organometallic precursors and infiltration

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Y.J.

1991-01-01

Organometallic precursors from naphthenic acid and metal nitrates were used for the synthesis of YBCO oxide superconducting compounds. The characteristics of metal naphthenates as organometallic precursors were investigated by IR spectra, viscosity measurements, and infiltration. 123 superconducting compound obtained from 123 naphthenate showed a Tc of 90 degree K and a rather dense and elongated microstructure. Also, the melting behavior of Ba-cuprates which were used for 123 making was studied. A low-temperature melting process was developed to fabricate silver-sheathed superconducting wire with the powder-in-tube method; flowing argon gas is introduced to the system at 930-945 degree C to reduce the melting temperature of the 123 compound without silver sheath melting. It resulted in a 90 degree K Tc superconducting core with dense and locally aligned microstructure. SEM-EDS and XRD analysis, 4-probe resistance and Jc measurements, and carbon-content determinations were carried out to characterize the microstructure, grain alignment, and superconducting properties of the samples

Superconductivity in borides and carbides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Muranaka, Takahiro

2007-01-01

It was thought that intermetallic superconductors do not exhibit superconductivity at temperatures over 30 K because of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) limit; therefore, researchers have been interested in high-T c cuprates. Our group discovered high-T c superconductivity in MgB 2 at 39 K in 2001. This discovery has initiated a substantial interest in the potential of high-T c superconductivity in intermetallic compounds that include 'light' elements (borides, carbides, etc.). (author)

Superconductivity in ABa 2Cu 3O 7-x compounds, where A = (R 1) x(R 2) 1-x and R1, R2 = Y, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Yb, Zr, Nb AND La

Science.gov (United States)

Poddar, A.; Mandal, P.; Choudhury, P.; Das, A. N.; Ghosh, B.

1988-06-01

The electrical resistance has been measured for the titled compounds. All the compounds show superconductivity at about 90 K except La-system whose superconducting behavior depends much on the preparation procedure. Magnetization measurements has been made at 77 K and the Hmax (field at which negative magnetization is maximum) values for the above systems are in the range 170 - 320 Oe.

Superconductivity at the industrial scale

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tixador, P.; Lebrun, Ph.

2011-01-01

The discovery of superconductivity is 100 years old but theoretical works are still necessary: the BCS theory does not apply to the new families of high temperature superconducting materials discovered after 1986. In 2001 it was discovered that MgB 2 is superconducting at 39 K, this critical temperature is not the highest but MgB 2 is easy to produce and cheap. Today's highest critical temperature under atmospheric pressure is that of the HgTlBaCaCuO compound: 138 K. The complexity and the cost of cryogenic systems restrain the applications of superconductivity. The author reviews the applications of superconducting in medical imaging, particle detectors, and in the safety systems of power networks. (A.C.)

Low-temperature field evaporation of Nb3Sn compound

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ksenofontov, V.A.; Kul'ko, V.B.; Kutsenko, P.A.

1986-01-01

Investigation results on field evaporation of superconducting Nb 3 Sn compound wth A15 lattice are presented. Compound evaporation is shown to proceed in two stages. Evaporation field and ionic composition of evaporating material are determined. It is found out that in strong electric fields compound surface represents niobium skeleton, wich does not form regular image. Comparison of ion-microscopic and calculated images formed by low-temperature field evaporation indicates to possibility of sample surface reconstruction after preferable tin evaporation

Effect of crystalline electric fields and long-range magnetic order on superconductivity in rare earth alloys and compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McCallum, R.W.

1977-01-01

The behavior of rare earth ions in a superconducting matrix has been studied in two distinct regimes. First, the effects of crystal field splitting of the 4f levels of a magnetic rare earth ion in the alloy system (LaPr)Sn 3 were investigated in the limit of low Pr 3+ concentration. In this system the rare earth impurity ions occupy random La sites in the crystal lattice. Second, the interaction of long-range magnetic order and superconductivity was explored in the ternary rare earth molybdenum chalcogenide systems. In these compounds the rare earth ions occupy periodic lattice sites in contrast to the random distribution of magnetic ions in dilute impurity alloy systems such as (LaPr)Sn 3

Superconductivity in Chevrel phases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fischer, O.; Seeber, B.

1979-01-01

In the last years several ternary superconductors have been discovered, which possess unusual physical properties. Among them the molybdenum chalcogenides, which are often called Chevrel phases, have a special position. Some of these compounds have very high critical fields, which is of special interest for a technical application. In these substances the coexistence of magnetic ordering and superconductivity has been found for the first time, too. Recently it has become possible to prepare new compounds, which are interesting for superconductivity, by the appropriate coalescence of Mo 6 clusters. In the case of Tl 2 Mo 6 Se 6 (Tsub(c) = 3K) this development leads to a quasi-one-dimensional metallic system. (orig.)

Sample of superconducting wiring (Niobium Titanium)

CERN Multimedia

About NbTi cable: The cable consists of 36 strands of superconducting wire, each strand has a diameter of 0.825 mm and houses 6300 superconducting filaments of niobium-titanium (Nb-Ti, a superconducting alloy). Each filament has a diameter of about 0.006 mm, i.e. 10 times smaller than a typical human hair. The filaments are embedded in a high-purity copper matrix. Copper is a normal conducting material. The filaments are in the superconductive state when the temperature is below about -263ºC (10.15 K). When the filaments leave the superconductive state, the copper acts as conductor transports the electrical current. Each strand of The NbTi cable (at superconducting state) has a current density of up to above 2000 A/mm2 at 9 T and -271ºC (2.15 K). A cable transport a current of about 13000 A at 10 T and -271ºC (2.15 K). About LHC superconducting wiring: The high magnetic fields needed for the LHC can only be reached using superconductors. At very low temperatures, superconductors have no electrical resistan...

Sample of superconducting wiring (Niobium Titanium)

CERN Multimedia

About NbTi cable: The cable consists of 36 strands of superconducting wire, each strand has a diameter of 0.825 mm and houses 6300 superconducting filaments of niobium-titanium (Nb-Ti, a superconducting alloy). Each filament has a diameter of about 0.006 mm, i.e. 10 times smaller than a typical human hair. The filaments are embedded in a high-purity copper matrix. Copper is a normal conducting material. The filaments are in the superconductive state when the temperature is below about -263ºC (10.15 K). When the filaments leave the superconductive state, the copper acts as conductor transports the electrical current. Each strand of The NbTi cable (at superconducting state) has a current density of up to above 2000 A/mm2 at 9 T and -271ºC (2.15 K). A cable transport a current of about 13000 A at 10 T and -271ºC (2.15 K). About LHC superconducting wiring: The high magnetic fields needed for the LHC can only be reached using superconductors. At very low temperatures, superconductors have no electrical resista...

Superconductivity in the lanthanum-yttrium-manganese alloy system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stierman, R.J.

1980-03-01

An empirical approach involving lattice instabilities was investigated in the search for new superconducting materials. Pseudo-lanthanide compounds using La and Y were prepared for the system La/sub 1-x/Y/sub x/Mn 2 by arc melting and subsequent heat treatment. Low temperature magnetic susceptibility and low temperature heat capacity measurements were made. The unit cell lattice parameters were determined from x-ray powder patterns taken on most samples and metallographic examination was carried out on selected samples. Alloys with low La concentrations (x greater than or equal to 0.6) showed RMn 2 in the cubic C15 Laves phase as the major component with second phase material present. The magnetic susceptibility and x-ray data indicated a superconducting phase which seemed to be the RMn 2 phase, but heat capacity measurements showed the second phase material was the superconductor, while the RMn 2 was not. Failure to form compounds with higher La content was experienced and may be due to the lattice instability expected at x = 0.56. This indicates that perhaps more stingent conditions are required to form pseudo-lanthanide compounds than were previously considered. More systems should be investigated to see if this is true, and to determine the possibilities of this approach

Heat-capacity analysis of a large number of A15-type compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Junod, A.; Jarlborg, T.; Muller, J.

1983-01-01

We analyze the low- and medium-temperature specific heat of 25 samples based on eleven A15 binary compounds, with T/sub c/'s ranging from less than 0.015 to 18 K. Experimentally determined ''moments'' of the phonon spectra (omega-bar,omega-bar 2 ,#betta#/sub log/) are included in the analysis. Values are tabulated for T-bar/sub c/, 2 , eta, 2 >, N/sub bs/(E/sub F/), Momega-bar 2 2 , H/sub c/(0), and 2δ(0)/k/sub B/T/sub c/. We note the following: (i) The Debye temperature is generally a bad estimate of #betta#/sub log/. (ii) lambda is governed mainly by the ''electronic parameter'' eta; lambda = 0.175eta(eV/A 2 ) +- 0.2 for all A15 compounds studied. (iii) eta is proportional to the density of states at the Fermi level and this density of states agrees well with band-structure calculations of Jarlborg in Nb-based compounds. In V-based compounds, the observed bad correlation may reflect the presence of spin fluctuations. (iv) The values for the reduced gap 2δ(0)/k/sub B/T/sub c/ range from 3.4 to 4.9 and they are correlated with T/sub c//#betta#/sub log/

Synthesis of organic compounds 15 N enriched

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oliveira, Claudineia Raquel de; Bendassolli, Jose Albertino; Prestes, Clelber Vieira; Tavares, Glauco Arnold

2002-01-01

The aim of this work was to develop urea- 15 N and glycine- 15 N synthesis for agronomic and biological studies. The production of these compounds was evaluated due to the fact of increasing use of urea, comparing to others solid fertilizers and the importance of glycine in the studies of protein metabolism. A non-conventional method was carried out to synthesize urea. The process involved reaction among Co, NH 3 anidrid and S at low temperature (100 deg C) and of pressure (0,81 mPa) compared to the conventional method. Monolise halets reaction was carried out for glycine synthesis with chloroacetic and ammonia 2 deg C. Both compounds are economic viable, they can be produced at a lower price than the trade market one. (author)

Electromagnetic Design Study for a Large Bore 15T Superconducting Dipole Magnet

CERN Document Server

Schwerg, N; Devred, Arnaud; Henke, H

2005-01-01

In the framework of research and development (R&D) activities at CERN the Next European Dipole (NED) program is one which is to the development of a high-field dipole magnet using Nb_3Sn superconductors. Part of the NED activities is a design study of different possible dipole configurations which is shared amongst the collaborating institutes. This thesis covers the electromagnetic design study of an 88 mm large bore superconducting 15 T dipole magnet with a coil cross section in cos-theta-layer design. Based on analytically describable geometries the sources of multipole errors are studied and elementary estimations of the magnet are carried out, e.g., the required amount of superconductors or the influence of the iron yoke thickness on the field quality. The magnet cross section for NED is optimized by means of the CERN field computation program ROXIE. The preliminary NED design serves as starting point for the coil cross section optimization with respect to field quality and a radial positioning of th...

Magnetic ordering at low temperatures in some random superconducting and insulating compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hueser, D.

1985-01-01

This thesis presents the results of some investigations on the magnetic ordering phenomena in some random superconducting and insulating materials. The results are described of an investigation of the coexistence of superconductivity and random magnetic freezing in (Th,Nd)Ru 2 . On the basis of various measurements as function of temperature and external magnetic field the author found that spin glass-like freezing can occur far below the superconductivity and even that a sample may re-enter the superconducting state below a freezing temperature. Associated with the isothermal remanent magnetization of a random magnetic material he observed strong anomalies in the critical field versus temperature curves. Also a magnetic field memory effect has been found. (Auth.)

Superconducting wire for Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in U.S.A

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Inoue, Itaru; Ikeda, Masaru; Tanaka, Yasuzo; Meguro, Shinichiro

1985-01-01

In Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in USA, the development of a mirror type nuclear fusion reactor is carried out, and for plasma confinement, superconducting magnets are used. For the axicell coil generating a 12 T magnetic field in one of these magnets, Nb 3 Sn superconducting wires are to be used, and after the completion, it will be the largest magnet in the world as high magnetic field superconducting magnets. Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. has completed the delivery of Nb 3 Sn superconducting wires used for this purpose. Since the Nb 3 Sn superconducting wires are very brittle, attention was paid to the manufacture to satisfy the required characteristics, and it was able to obtain the good reputation that the product was highly homogeneous as the superconducting wires of this type. In this paper, the design, manufacture and various characteristics of these superconducting wires are reported. The Nb 3 Sn superconducting wires were manufactured on industrial scale of 8 tons. The features of these Nb 3 Sn wires are the compound structure with semi-hard copper for low temperature stability and strengthening. (Kako, I.)

Earlier and recent aspects of superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bednorz, J.G.; Muller, K.A.

1990-01-01

Contemporary knowledge of superconductivity is set against its historical background in this book. First, the highlights of superconductivity research in the twentieth century are reviewed. Further contributions then describe the basic phenomena resulting from the macroscopic quantum state of superconductivity (such as zero resistivity, the Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect, and flux quantization) and review possible mechanisms, including the classical BCS theory and the more recent alternative theories. The main categories of superconductors - elements, intermetallic phases, chalcogenides, oxides and organic compounds - are described. Common features and differences in their structure and electronic properties are pointed out. This overview of superconductivity is completed by a discussion of properties related to the coherence length

Magnetic and Superconducting Materials at High Pressures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Struzhkin, Viktor V. [Carnegie Inst. of Washington, Washington, DC (United States)

2015-03-24

The work concentrates on few important tasks in enabling techniques for search of superconducting compressed hydrogen compounds and pure hydrogen, investigation of mechanisms of high-Tc superconductivity, and exploring new superconducting materials. Along that route we performed several challenging tasks, including discovery of new forms of polyhydrides of alkali metal Na at very high pressures. These experiments help us to establish the experimental environment that will provide important information on the high-pressure properties of hydrogen-rich compounds. Our recent progress in RIXS measurements opens a whole field of strongly correlated 3d materials. We have developed a systematic approach to measure major electronic parameters, like Hubbard energy U, and charge transfer energy Δ, as function of pressure. This technique will enable also RIXS studies of magnetic excitations in iridates and other 5d materials at the L edge, which attract a lot of interest recently. We have developed new magnetic sensing technique based on optically detected magnetic resonance from NV centers in diamond. The technique can be applied to study superconductivity in high-TC materials, to search for magnetic transitions in strongly correlated and itinerant magnetic materials under pressure. Summary of Project Activities; development of high-pressure experimentation platform for exploration of new potential superconductors, metal polyhydrides (including newly discovered alkali metal polyhydrides), and already known superconductors at the limit of static high-pressure techniques; investigation of special classes of superconducting compounds (high-Tc superconductors, new superconducting materials), that may provide new fundamental knowledge and may prove important for application as high-temperature/high-critical parameter superconductors; investigation of the pressure dependence of superconductivity and magnetic/phase transformations in 3d transition metal compounds, including

Electron and phonon properties of 25 A-15 superconductors obtained from heat capacity measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Junod, A.

1982-01-01

We review 25 specific heat measurements performed in Geneva on binary and pseudo-binary A-15 compounds. The rather extended temperature range allows us to make reliable estimates of several moments of the phonon spectrum which are required in the theory of superconductivity. The Tsub(c) expression of Allen and Dynes can then be used consistently to estimate the microscopic parameters lambda, eta, Nsub(bs) (Esub(F)), etc. The broad range of values reviewed permits to establish significant correlations between the parameters in stoichiometric and ordered compounds. (orig.)

3D Cones Acquisition of Human Extremity Imaging Using a 1.5T Superconducting Magnet and an Unshielded Gradient Coil Set.

Science.gov (United States)

Setoi, Ayana; Kose, Katsumi

2018-05-16

We developed ultrashort echo-time (UTE) imaging sequences with 3D Cones trajectories for a home-built compact MRI system using a 1.5T superconducting magnet and an unshielded gradient coil set. We achieved less than 7 min imaging time and obtained clear in vivo images of a human forearm with a TE of 0.4 ms. We concluded that UTE imaging using 3D Cones acquisition was successfully implemented in our 1.5T MRI system.

Superconducted tour

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

1988-09-15

Superconductivity - the dramatic drop in electrical resistance in certain materials at very low temperatures - has grown rapidly in importance over the past two or three decades to become a key technology for high energy particle accelerators. It was in this setting that a hundred students and 15 lecturers met in Hamburg in June for a week's course on superconductivity in particle accelerators, organized by the CERN Accelerator School and the nearby DESY Laboratory.

A new proposal to the mechanism of superconductivity. Pt.2: The elemental and compound superconductors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang Shiming

2001-01-01

There are one or more group of potential-well-like lattice sites for hulun electrons to populate in crystals. The hulun electrons predominately select the deepest and well-shaped wells to populate, and then, the shallower. The population in each group of sites may be full, partial or empty, decided by the offering of hulun electrons. Hulun electrons in each group are in similar circumstance and in same state. They are correlated. They would establish their collective potential and will act as a whole, if no external disturbances or with minor disturbance but collective effect is in predominance. Hulun electrons in different groups are non-correlated. As the external disturbances are increasing the hulun electron groups will collapse one by one from the lower to higher stabilization. The superconducting temperature TC is the one that the most stabilized hulun electron group is in collapsing when the temperature is the only disturbance factor. This proposal is tested by the experimental results published for elemental and compound superconductors

Alcoholic beverages induce superconductivity in FeTe1-xSx

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deguchi, K; Kawasaki, Y; Ozaki, T; Tsuda, S; Yamaguchi, T; Takano, Y; Mizuguchi, Y

2011-01-01

We found that hot alcoholic beverages were effective in inducing superconductivity in FeTe 0.8 S 0.2 . Heating the FeTe 0.8 S 0.2 compound in various alcoholic beverages enhances the superconducting properties compared to a pure water-ethanol mixture as a control. Heating with red wine for 24 h leads to the largest shielding volume fraction of 62.4% and the highest zero resistivity temperature of 7.8 K. Some components present in alcoholic beverages, other than water and ethanol, have the ability to induce superconductivity in the FeTe 0.8 S 0.2 compound.

Probing the superconducting ground state of the rare-earth ternary boride superconductors R RuB2 (R = Lu,Y) using muon-spin rotation and relaxation

Science.gov (United States)

Barker, J. A. T.; Singh, R. P.; Hillier, A. D.; Paul, D. McK.

2018-03-01

The superconductivity in the rare-earth transition-metal ternary borides R RuB2 (where R =Lu and Y) has been investigated using muon-spin rotation and relaxation. Measurements made in zero field suggest that time-reversal symmetry is preserved upon entering the superconducting state in both materials; a small difference in depolarization is observed above and below the superconducting transition in both compounds, however, this has been attributed to quasistatic magnetic fluctuations. Transverse-field measurements of the flux-line lattice indicate that the superconductivity in both materials is fully gapped, with a conventional s -wave pairing symmetry and BCS-like magnitudes for the zero-temperature gap energies. The electronic properties of the charge carriers in the superconducting state have been calculated, with effective masses m*/me=9.8 ±0.1 and 15.0 ±0.1 in the Lu and Y compounds, respectively, with superconducting carrier densities ns=(2.73 ±0.04 ) ×1028m-3 and (2.17 ±0.02 ) ×1028m-3 . The materials have been classified according to the Uemura scheme for superconductivity, with values for Tc/TF of 1 /(414 ±6 ) and 1 /(304 ±3 ) , implying that the superconductivity may not be entirely conventional in nature.

Can magnetism and superconductivity coexist

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ishikawa, M.

1982-01-01

Recent syntheses of rare earth (RE) ternary superconductors such as (RE)Mo 6 X 8 (X=S or Se) and (RE)Rh 4 B 4 have provided the first opportunity to explore the interaction between magnetism and superconductivity in detail owing to their particular crystal structure. The regular sublattice of the rare-earth ions in these new ternary compounds undergoes a ferro- or antiferromagnetic phase transition in the superconducting state. If the transition is antiferromagnetic, the superconductivity is preserved so that true coexistence results. If it is ferromagnetic, on the other hand, the superconductivity eventually gives way to uniform ferromagnetism at low temperatures. However, recent theories predict several possible states of coexistence even in ferromagnetic superconductors. This article reviews aspects of these new phase transitions in ternary superconductors. (author)

GLAG theory for superconducting property variations with A15 composition in Nb3Sn wires.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Yingxu; Gao, Yuanwen

2017-04-25

We present a model for the variation of the upper critical field H c2 with Sn content in A15-type Nb-Sn wires, within the Ginzburg-Landau-Abrikosov-Gor'kov (GLAG) theory frame. H c2 at the vicinity of the critical temperature T c is related quantitatively to the electrical resistivity ρ, specific heat capacity coefficient γ and T c . H c2 versus tin content is theoretically formulated within the GLAG theory, and generally reproduces the experiment results. As Sn content gradually approaches the stoichiometry, A15-type Nb-Sn undergoes a transition from the dirty limit to clean limit, split by the phase transformation boundary. The H-T phase boundary and pinning force show different behaviors in the cubic and tetragonal phase. We dipict the dependence of the composition gradient on the superconducting properties variation in the A15 layer, as well as the curved tail at vicinity of H c2 in the Kramer plot of the Nb 3 Sn wire. This helps understanding of the inhomogeneous-composition inducing discrepancy between the results by the state-of-art scaling laws and experiments.

Superconducting magnet for a Ku-band maser.

Science.gov (United States)

Berwin, R.; Wiebe, E.; Dachel, P.

1972-01-01

A superconducting magnet to provide a uniform magnetic field of up to 8000 G in a 1.14-cm gap for the 15.3-GHz (Ku-band) traveling wave maser is described. The magnet operates in a persistent mode in the vacuum environment of a closed-cycle helium refrigerator (4.5 K). The features of a superconducting switch, which has both leads connected to 4.5 K heat stations and thereby does not receive heat generated by the magnet charging leads, are described.

Status report of the three phase 25 kA, 1.5 kW thermally switched superconducting rectifier, transformer and switches

NARCIS (Netherlands)

ten Kate, Herman H.J.; Holtslag, A.H.M.; Knoben, J.; Steffens, H.A.; van de Klundert, L.J.M.

1983-01-01

A 25 kA, 1.5 kW superconducting rectifier system has been developed. This rectifier system working like an a.c.-d.c, converter with a primary current of 35 A at 0.1Hz, will energize a 25 kA coil with an average power of 5.4 MJ/hr and a proposed energy efficiency of at least 96%. Such a highly

Superconducting MRI system, MRT-50A

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sugimoto, Hiroshi; Asahina, Kiyotaka

1987-01-01

The writers' developmental work on MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) was started in 1983. The model used first was MRT-15A (0.15 T). The next model was MRT-22A (0.22 T) which had a magnetic self-shield. As for the development of superconducting MRI system, they started clinical evaluation at Toshiba Central Hospital MRI Center in 1984 and got the official approval in 1985. For the model, use was made of MRT-50A (0.5 T) employing a superconducting magnet made by Toshiba. Herein represented are the basis of the images obtained through MRT-50 and the fact that the application fields of MRI are going on increasing (not only to brain and spine areas but also to the areas of the chest, abdomen and joints), and also the results of the work-in-progress of application software. (author)

Modern high-temperature superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ching Wu Chu

1988-01-01

Ever since the discovery of superconductivity in 1911, its unusual scientific challenge and great technological potential have been recognized. For the past three-quarters of a century, superconductivity has done well on the science front. This is because sueprconductivity is interesting not only just in its own right but also in its ability to act as a probe to many exciting nonsuperconducting phenomena. For instance, it has continued to provide bases for vigorous activities in condensed matter science. Among the more recent examples are heavy-fermion systems and organic superconductors. During this same period of time, superconductivity has also performed admirably in the applied area. Many ideas have been conceived and tested, making use of the unique characteristics of superconductivity - zero resistivity, quantum interference phenomena, and the Meissner effect. In fact, it was not until late January 1987 that it became possible to achieve superconductivity with the mere use of liquid nitrogen - which is plentiful, cheap, efficient, and easy to handle - following the discovery of supercondictivity above 90 K in Y-Ba-Cu-O, the first genuine quaternary superconductor. Superconductivity above 90 K poses scientific and technological challenges not previously encountered: no existing theories can adequately describe superconductivity above 40 K and no known techniques can economically process the materials for full-scale applications. In this paper, therefore, the author recalls a few events leading to the discovery of the new class of quaternary compounds with a superconducting transition temperature T c in the 90 K range, describes the current experimental status of high-temperature superconductivity and, finally, discusses the prospect of very-high-temperature superconductivity, i.e., with a T c substantially higher than 100 K. 97 refs., 7 figs

Fe-vacancy and superconductivity in FeSe-based superconductors

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, C. H.; Chen, T. K.; Chang, C. C.; Lee, Y. C.; Wang, M. J.; Huang, K. C.; Wu, P. M.; Wu, M. K.

2018-06-01

This review summarizes recent advancements in FeSe and related systems. The FeSe and related superconductors are currently receiving considerable attention for the high Tcs observed and for many similar features to the high Tc cuprate superconductors. These similarities suggest that understanding the FeSe based compounds could potentially help our understanding of the cuprates. We shall first review the common features observed in the FeSe-based system. It was found that with a careful control of material synthesizing processes, numerous rich phases have been observed in the FeSe-based system. Detailed studies show that the Fe-vacancy ordered phases found in the FeSe based compounds, which are non-superconducting Mott insulators, are the parent compounds of the superconductors. Superconductivity emerges from the parent phases by disordering the Fe vacancy order, often by a simple annealing treatment. Recent high temperature X-ray diffraction experiments show that the degree of structural distortion associated with the disorder of Fe-vacancy is closely related to volume fraction of the superconductivity observed. These results suggest the strong lattice to spin coupling are important for the occurrence of superconductivity in FeSe based superconductors.

A new quantum interferometer effect in superconducting oxide ceramics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chela Flores, J.; Shehata, L.N.

1987-08-01

On the basis of a phenomenological approach to type II high T c superconductivity, we suggest that in the lanthanum compounds the Mercereau effect for a coupled junction pair should display and ex-dependent shift in the period of modulation of the tunnelling current. (author). 14 refs

Dependence of the superconducting transition temperature of the filled skutterudite compound PrPt{sub 4}Ge{sub 12} on hydrostatic pressure

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Foroozani, N. [Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130 (United States); Hamlin, J.J. [Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 (United States); Schilling, J.S., E-mail: jss@wuphys.wustl.edu [Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130 (United States); Baumbach, R.E.; Lum, I.K.; Shu, L.; Huang, K.; Maple, M.B. [Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 (United States)

2013-02-14

Highlights: ► Superconductivity in the filled skutterudite PrPt{sub 4}Ge{sub 12}. ► Dependence of T{sub c} on purely hydrostatic pressure to 0.6 GPa. ► Comparison of lattice pressure to external pressure effects on superconductivity. ► Evidence for magnetic pair-breaking effects. -- Abstract: The temperature-dependent ac susceptibility of the filled skutterudite superconductor PrPt{sub 4}Ge{sub 12} has been measured under hydrostatic He-gas pressure to 0.58 GPa. The superconducting transition temperature T{sub c} decreases linearly with pressure P from 7.91 K at ambient pressure to 7.83 K at 0.58 GPa, giving the rate dT{sub c}/dP = −0.19 ± 0.03 K/GPa. Evidence is presented that suggests that the value of T{sub c} in this compound is slightly reduced due to magnetic pair-breaking effects from the Pr{sup 3+} cations.

Effect of cold rolling on the superconducting and electronic properties of two amorphous alloys; Nb50Zr35Si15 and Nb70Zr15Si15

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Inoue, A.; Masumoto, T.

1984-01-01

The effect of cold rolling on the superconducting properties was examined for amorphous Nb 50 Zr 35 Si 15 and Nb 70 Zr 15 Si 15 superconductors. Cold rolling to 10 to 20% reduction in thickness results in a rise of superconducting transition temperature (Tsub(c)) and a decrease in transition width (ΔTsub(c)), upper critical field gradient near Tsub(c) [dHsub(c2)/dT)sub(Tsub(c)], critical current density [Jsub(c)(H)] and normal electrical resistivity (rhosub(n)). Changes of about 7% for Tsub(c), 33% for ΔTsub(c), 12% for -(dHsub(c2)/dT)sub(Tsub(c) and 70% for Jsub(c)(H) are found. The rise of Tsub(c) upon cold rolling was considered to originate from the increase in the electron-phonon coupling constant (lambda) due to an increase in the electronic density of states at the Fermi level [N(Esub(f))] and a decrease in the phonon frequency (ω), while the decreases in ΔTsub(c), Jsub(c)(H) and rhosub(n) were attributed to the decrease in fluxoid pinning force due to an increase in homogeneity in the amorphous structure. From the results described above, the following two conclusions were derived: (a) cold rolling causes changes in electronic and phonon-states in the quenched amorphous phase, and (b) deformation upon cold rolling occurs not only in the coarse deformation bands observable by optical microscopy, but also on a much finer scale comparable to the coherence length (approx. = 7.7 nm). (author)

Superconducting transition in TlBiTe/sub 2/ and TlTe compounds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kantser, V G; Popovich, N S; Sidorenko, A S

1985-10-01

On the basis of zone structure calculation for TlBiTe/sub 2/ and TlTe it is found that TlBiTe/sub 2/ is a narrow-gap semiconductor and TlTe is a p-metal. At Tsub(c)=0.19 K TlTe is found to experience the superconducting transition. In TlBiTe/sub 2/ superconductivity is not observed to occur up to 0.05 K, since there is a possibility of occupying the high density of states zones because they are remote from actual ones. The earlier discovered superconducting transition in TlBiTe/sub 2/ is inherent in the alien phase of TlTe.

Controlling superconductivity by tunable quantum critical points.

Science.gov (United States)

Seo, S; Park, E; Bauer, E D; Ronning, F; Kim, J N; Shim, J-H; Thompson, J D; Park, Tuson

2015-03-04

The heavy fermion compound CeRhIn5 is a rare example where a quantum critical point, hidden by a dome of superconductivity, has been explicitly revealed and found to have a local nature. The lack of additional examples of local types of quantum critical points associated with superconductivity, however, has made it difficult to unravel the role of quantum fluctuations in forming Cooper pairs. Here, we show the precise control of superconductivity by tunable quantum critical points in CeRhIn5. Slight tin-substitution for indium in CeRhIn5 shifts its antiferromagnetic quantum critical point from 2.3 GPa to 1.3 GPa and induces a residual impurity scattering 300 times larger than that of pure CeRhIn5, which should be sufficient to preclude superconductivity. Nevertheless, superconductivity occurs at the quantum critical point of the tin-doped metal. These results underline that fluctuations from the antiferromagnetic quantum criticality promote unconventional superconductivity in CeRhIn5.

Materials for superconducting cavities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bonin, B.

1996-01-01

The ideal material for superconducting cavities should exhibit a high critical temperature, a high critical field, and, above all, a low surface resistance. Unfortunately, these requirements can be conflicting and a compromise has to be found. To date, most superconducting cavities for accelerators are made of niobium. The reasons for this choice are discussed. Thin films of other materials such as NbN, Nb 3 Sn, or even YBCO compounds can also be envisaged and are presently investigated in various laboratories. It is shown that their success will depend critically on the crystalline perfection of these films. (author)

Theory-guided discovery of new superconducting materials

Science.gov (United States)

Kolmogorov, Aleksey

2015-03-01

Extensive theoretical effort to predict new superconductors has resulted in remarkably few discoveries. Successful examples so far have been restricted primarily to pressure- or doping-driven superconducting transformations in existing materials. In this talk I will describe our work that has led to the prediction and discovery of a brand-new superconducting FeB4 compound with a previously unknown crystal structure. First measurements supported the predicted phonon-mediated pairing mechanism, rare for an iron-based superconductor. The identification of FeB4 candidate material was a result of combined high-throughput screening, targeted evolutionary search, and rational design. The systematic study of more than 12,000 metal boride phases has identified dozens of synthesizable materials with unusual structural motifs, some of which have been confirmed experimentally. I will overview employed strategies for selecting promising superconducting compounds and describe our on-going work on accelerating the search for stable materials. Research is sponsered by the NSF.

Superconducting coil and method of stress management in a superconducting coil

Science.gov (United States)

McIntyre, Peter M.; Shen, Weijun; Diaczenko, Nick; Gross, Dan A.

1999-01-01

A superconducting coil (12) having a plurality of superconducting layers (18) is provided. Each superconducting layer (18) may have at least one superconducting element (20) which produces an operational load. An outer support structure (24) may be disposed outwardly from the plurality of layers (18). A load transfer system (22) may be coupled between at least one of the superconducting elements (20) and the outer support structure (24). The load transfer system (22) may include a support matrix structure (30) operable to transfer the operational load from the superconducting element (20) directly to the outer support structure (24). A shear release layer (40) may be disposed, in part, between the superconducting element (20) and the support matrix structure (30) for relieving a shear stress between the superconducting element (20) and the support matrix structure (30). A compliant layer (42) may also be disposed, in part, between the superconducting element (20) and the support matrix structure (30) for relieving a compressive stress on the superconducting element (20).

Crystal structure of the Ce2Ni2Zn15 compound

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Opainich, I.M.; Pavlyuk, V.V.; Bodak, O.I.; Cherny, R.; Yvon, K.

1996-01-01

A structure of a new ternary compound of the composition Ce2Ni2Zn15 (sp.gr.R3-barm,a=0.9080(3) nm, c=1.3294(3) nm) was determined on single-crystal and powder specimens. The study was performed on a Philips PW1100 automatic diffractometer and a DRON-4.07 powder diffractometer. The Ce2Ni2Zn15 compound is crystallized in the Ce2Al2Co15 structure type with the aluminum positions being occupied by nickel and cobalt positions being occupied by zinc

Crystal structure of a Ce2Fe2Mg15 compound

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Opainich, I.M.; Pavlyuk, V.V.; Bodak, O.I.

1996-01-01

A structure of a new Ce2Fe2Mg15 ternary compound (P63/mmc sp.gr., a=1.0324(5) nm, c=1.02080(4) nm) was determined by powder methods on a DRON-4.07 automatic diffractometer. The structure of a Ce2Fe2Mg15 crystal is a new variant of the ordered Th2Ni17 type superstructure, in which cerium atoms occupy the thorium positions; magnesium atoms occupy the nickel position 6g, 12k, and 12j; and iron atoms occupy the 4f position

Superconducting wires and methods of making thereof

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xu, Xingchen; Sumption, Michael D.; Peng, Xuan

2018-03-13

Disclosed herein are superconducting wires. The superconducting wires can comprise a metallic matrix and at least one continuous subelement embedded in the matrix. Each subelement can comprise a non-superconducting core, a superconducting layer coaxially disposed around the non-superconducting core, and a barrier layer coaxially disposed around the superconducting layer. The superconducting layer can comprise a plurality of Nb.sub.3Sn grains stabilized by metal oxide particulates disposed therein. The Nb.sub.3Sn grains can have an average grain size of from 5 nm to 90 nm (for example, from 15 nm to 30 nm). The superconducting wire can have a high-field critical current density (J.sub.c) of at least 5,000 A/mm.sup.2 at a temperature of 4.2 K in a magnetic field of 12 T. Also described are superconducting wire precursors that can be heat treated to prepare superconducting wires, as well as methods of making superconducting wires.

Endohedral gallide cluster superconductors and superconductivity in ReGa5.

Science.gov (United States)

Xie, Weiwei; Luo, Huixia; Phelan, Brendan F; Klimczuk, Tomasz; Cevallos, Francois Alexandre; Cava, Robert Joseph

2015-12-22

We present transition metal-embedded (T@Gan) endohedral Ga-clusters as a favorable structural motif for superconductivity and develop empirical, molecule-based, electron counting rules that govern the hierarchical architectures that the clusters assume in binary phases. Among the binary T@Gan endohedral cluster systems, Mo8Ga41, Mo6Ga31, Rh2Ga9, and Ir2Ga9 are all previously known superconductors. The well-known exotic superconductor PuCoGa5 and related phases are also members of this endohedral gallide cluster family. We show that electron-deficient compounds like Mo8Ga41 prefer architectures with vertex-sharing gallium clusters, whereas electron-rich compounds, like PdGa5, prefer edge-sharing cluster architectures. The superconducting transition temperatures are highest for the electron-poor, corner-sharing architectures. Based on this analysis, the previously unknown endohedral cluster compound ReGa5 is postulated to exist at an intermediate electron count and a mix of corner sharing and edge sharing cluster architectures. The empirical prediction is shown to be correct and leads to the discovery of superconductivity in ReGa5. The Fermi levels for endohedral gallide cluster compounds are located in deep pseudogaps in the electronic densities of states, an important factor in determining their chemical stability, while at the same time limiting their superconducting transition temperatures.

Conduction spectroscopy of a proximity induced superconducting topological insulator

Science.gov (United States)

Stehno, M. P.; Hendrickx, N. W.; Snelder, M.; Scholten, T.; Huang, Y. K.; Golden, M. S.; Brinkman, A.

2017-09-01

The combination of superconductivity and the helical spin-momentum locking at the surface state of a topological insulator (TI) has been predicted to give rise to p-wave superconductivity and Majorana bound states. The superconductivity can be induced by the proximity effect of a s-wave superconductor (S) into the TI. To probe the superconducting correlations inside the TI, dI/dV spectroscopy has been performed across such S-TI interfaces. Both the alloyed Bi1.5Sb0.5Te1.7Se1.3 and the stoichiometric BiSbTeSe2 have been used as three-dimensional TI. In the case of Bi1.5Sb0.5Te1.7Se1.3, the presence of disorder induced electron-electron interactions can give rise to an additional zero-bias resistance peak. For the stoichiometric BiSbTeSe2 with less disorder, tunnel barriers were employed in order to enhance the signal from the interface. The general observations in the spectra of a large variety of samples are conductance dips at the induced gap voltage, combined with an increased sub-gap conductance, consistent with p-wave predictions. The induced gap voltage is typically smaller than the gap of the Nb superconducting electrode, especially in the presence of an intentional tunnel barrier. Additional uncovered spectroscopic features are oscillations that are linearly spaced in energy, as well as a possible second order parameter component.

Superconductivity in power engineering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1989-01-01

This proceedings volume presents 24 conference papers and 15 posters dealing with the following aspects: 1) Principles and elementary aspects of high-temperature superconductivity (3 plenary lectures); 2) Preparation, properties and materials requirements of metallic or oxide superconductors (critical current behaviour, soldered joints, structural studies); 3) Magnet technology (large magnets for thermonuclear fusion devices; magnets for particle accelerators and medical devices); 4) Magnetic levitation and superconductivity; 5) Cryogenics; 6) Energy storage systems using superconducting coils (SMES); 7) Superconducting power transmission cables, switches, transformers, and generator systems for power plant; 8) Supporting activities, industrial aspects, patents. There are thirty-eight records in the ENERGY database relating to individual conference papers. (MM) [de

Electrodeposition of some metals and niobium superconducting alloys from molten fluorides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cohen, U.

1978-01-01

The major goal of this thesis was to study the feasibility of electrodeposition from molten fluorides of the pure elements niobium, aluminium, tin, germanium and silicon, and the niboium superconducting intermetallic compounds with these elements, and to prepare and study films of these materials in the form of coherent and uniform coatings. Decomposition potential measurements with a gold anode were carried out on the alkali fluoride solvent and the fluoride salt solutions of niobium, aluminum, tin, and germanium to provide important initial thermodynamic data. Attempts to codeposit niobium and aluminum invariably failed, niobium being the exclusive deposit in all cases. Codeposition of niobium--tin alloys was demonstrated. Of the four intermetallic compounds of the niobium--germanium system, three were obtained as single-phase coatings. The superconducting compound (A15 phase) was not successfully electrodeposited in a single-phase form. It was obtained, however, in phase-mixture coatings. Application of alternating square wave pulses produced substantial changes in the morphology of niobium deposits. Silicon electrocrystallization epitaxy (ECE) was demonstrated for the first time. Uniform, coherent, and well adherent coatings of polycrystalline Si with a grain diameter of up to 40 to 50 μm were plated onto nonalloying metal substrates, such as silver and tungsten.These processes offer some attractive features for both integrated circuit technology and silicon solar cell fabrication. Aluminum, tin, and germanium were also electrodeposited from molten fluorides

Direct observation of the growth of voids in multifilamentary superconducting materials via hot stage scanning electron microscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, J.L.F.; Holthuis, J.T.; Pickus, M.R.; Lindberg, R.W.

1978-11-01

The need for large high field magnetic devices has focused attention on multifilamentary superconductors based on A15 compounds such as Nb 3 Sn. The commercial bronze process for fabricating multifilamentary superconducting Nb 3 Sn wires was developed. A major problem is strain sensitivity when long reaction times are employed. An improved hot stage for the scanning electron microscope was constructed to study the formation of the A15 phase by solid state diffusion. The nucleation and growth of voids near the interface of the A15 phase (Nb 3 Sn) and matrix were observed, monitored, and recorded on video tape. Successive layers of material heated in the hot stage were subsequently removed and the new surfaces were re-examined, using SEM-EDX and optical microscopy, to confirm the fact that the observed porosity was indeed a bulk rather than a surface phenomenon. These voids are considered to be a primary cause for degrading the mechanical, thermal and superconducting properties

Development of high field superconducting magnet

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Irie, Fujio; Takeo, Masakatsu.

1986-01-01

Recently, in connection with nuclear fusion research, the development of high field superconducting magnets showed rapid progress. The development of high field magnets of 15 T class by the techniques of winding after heat treatment has been continued in various places, as these techniques are suitable to make large magnets. In 1985, Kyushu University attained the record of 15.5 T. However in high field magnets, there are many problems peculiar to them, and the basic research related to those is demanded. In this report, these general problems, the experience of the design and manufacture in Kyushu University and the related problems are described. The superconducting magnet installed in the Superconducting Magnet Research Center of Kyushu University attained the record of 15.5 T for the first time in March, 1985. In superconducting magnets, very difficult problem must be solved since superconductivity, heat and mechanical force are inter related. The problems of the wire materials for high field, the scale of high field magnets, the condition limiting mean current density, and the development of high field magnets in Kyushu University are described. (Kako, I.)

MICROSTRUCTURE OF SUPERCONDUCTING MGB(2).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

ZHU,Y.; LI,Q.; WU,L.; VOLKOV,V.; GU,G.; MOODENBAUGH,A.R.

2001-07-12

Recently, Akimitsu and co-workers [1] discovered superconductivity at 39 K in the intermetallic compound MgB{sub 2}. This discovery provides a new perspective on the mechanism for superconductivity. More specifically, it opens up possibilities for investigation of structure/properties in a new class of materials. With the exceptions of the cuprate and C{sub 60} families of compounds, MgB{sub 2} possesses the highest superconducting transition temperature T{sub c}. Its superconductivity appears to follow the BCS theory, apparently being mediated by electron-phonon coupling. The coherence length of MgB{sub 2} is reported to be longer than that of the cuprates [2]. In contrast to the cuprates, grain boundaries are strongly coupled and current density is determined by flux pinning [2,3]. Presently, samples of MgB{sub 2} commonly display inhomogeneity and porosity on the nanoscale, and are untextured. In spite of these obstacles, magnetization and transport measurements show that polycrystalline samples may carry large current densities circulating across many grains [3,4]. Very high values of critical current densities and critical fields have been recently observed in thin films [5,6]. These attributes suggest possible large scale and electronic applications. The underlying microstructure can be intriguing, both in terms of basic science and in applied areas. Subsequent to the discovery, many papers were published [1-13], most dealing with synthesis, physical properties, and theory. There have yet been few studies of microstructure and structural defects [11, 14]. A thorough understanding of practical superconducting properties can only be developed after an understanding of microstructure is gained. In this work we review transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies of sintered MgB{sub 2} pellets [14]. Structural defects, including second phase particles, dislocations, stacking faults, and grain boundaries, are analyzed using electron diffraction, electron

A new approach to MgB2 superconducting magnet fabrication

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miyazoe, A; Ando, T; Wada, H; Abe, H; Hirota, N; Sekino, M

2008-01-01

Fabrication of MgB 2 -based superconducting magnets has been attempted by a new approach using film coated on symmetric tubes. Superconducting MgB 2 films have been prepared on iron substrates by electroplating in molten electrolytes. The critical current (I c ) of the MgB 2 electroplating films at 4.2 K and at self-field was 15 A on the basis of 1 μV/cm of I c criterion. A model calculation has shown that MgB 2 -based superconducting magnets based on MgB 2 electroplating films have the potential to generate magnetic fields over 0.5 T

Interplay of magnetism and superconductivity in the compressed Fe-ladder compound ${\mathrm{BaFe}}_2{\mathrm{Se}}_3$

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ying, Jianjun; Lei, Hechang; Petrovic, Cedomir; Xiao, Yuming; Struzhkin, Viktor V. (BNL); (CIW)

2017-06-01

High pressure resistance, susceptibility, and Fe K β x-ray emission spectroscopy measurements were performed on Fe-ladder compound BaFe 2 Se 3 . Pressure-induced superconductivity was observed which is similar to the previously reported superconductivity in the BaFe 2 S 3 samples. The slope of local magnetic moment versus pressure shows an anomaly across the insulator-metal transition pressure in the BaFe 2 Se 3 samples. The local magnetic moment is continuously decreasing with increasing pressure, and the superconductivity appears only when the local magnetic moment value is comparable to the one in the iron-pnictide superconductors. Our results indicate that the compressed BaFe 2 C h 3 ( C h = S , Se) is a new family of iron-based superconductors. Despite the crystal structures completely different from the known iron-based superconducting materials, the magnetism in this Fe-ladder material plays a critical role in superconductivity. This behavior is similar to the other members of iron-based superconducting materials.

Superconducting properties of magnetron sputtered high T/sub c/ thin films containing oxide compounds of yttrium, bismuth, or thallium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kang, J.H.; Kampwirth, R.T.; Gray, K.E.

1989-01-01

The authors have used multiple source magnetron sputtering to prepare thin films of Y-Ba-Cu-O, Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu-O, and Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O on (100) SrTiO/sub 3/, (100) MgO, and ZrO/sub 2/-9%Y/sub 2/O/sub 3/ substrates. Y-Ba-Cu-O films grow best on SrTiO/sub 3/ with mostly an a-axis orientation. Stoichiometry, particularly the Ba/Ca ratio must be within 2% of the correct value to obtain narrow ΔT/sub c/ transitions. Conversely the 80K phase of Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu-O films grows best on MgO substrates and has a predominant c-axis orientation. The requirements on composition are less stringent, however, the annealing temperature must be held within a narrow around 865 0 C to obtain the best films. The best films of Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O compounds are grown on (100) oriented and polycrystalline ZrO/sub 2/ substrates. The highest transition temperature, T/sub c0/, where the resistance goes zero is about 114K in the Tl/sub 2/Ba/sub 2/Ca/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub x/ phase and 100-105K in Tl/sub 2/Ba/sub 2/Ca/sub 1/Cu/sub 2/O/sub x/ and Tl/sub 1/Ba/sub 2/Ca/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub x/ phase samples. The upper critical field measurements show high anisotropies in the critical field slopes (≥70 for Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O compounds and ∼15 for Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O compounds), as might be expected from highly oriented materials. The authors compare the preparation conditions and superconducting properties, including T/sub c/, ΔT/sub c/, dB/sub c2//dT (parallel and perpendicular to film surface), of all three compounds

Novel phases and superconductivity of tin sulfide compounds

Science.gov (United States)

Gonzalez, Joseph M.; Nguyen-Cong, Kien; Steele, Brad A.; Oleynik, Ivan I.

2018-05-01

Tin sulfides, SnxSy, are an important class of materials that are actively investigated as novel photovoltaic and water splitting materials. A first-principles evolutionary crystal structure search is performed with the goal of constructing the complete phase diagram of SnxSy and discovering new phases as well as new compounds of varying stoichiometry at ambient conditions and pressures up to 100 GPa. The ambient phase of SnS2 with P 3 ¯ m 1 symmetry remains stable up to 28 GPa. Another ambient phase, SnS, experiences a series of phase transformations including α-SnS to β-SnS at 9 GPa, followed by β-SnS to γ-SnS at 40 GPa. γ-SnS is a new high-pressure metallic phase with P m 3 ¯ m space group symmetry stable up to 100 GPa, which becomes a superconductor with a maximum Tc = 9.74 K at 40 GPa. Another new metallic compound, Sn3S4 with I 4 ¯ 3 d space group symmetry, is predicted to be stable at pressures above 15 GPa, which also becomes a superconductor with relatively high Tc = 21.9 K at 30 GPa.

Modern aspects of Josephson dynamics and superconductivity electronics

CERN Document Server

Askerzade, Iman; Cantürk, Mehmet

2017-01-01

In this book new experimental investigations of properties of Josephson junctions and systems are explored with the help of recent developments in superconductivity. The theory of the Josephson effect is presented taking into account the influence of multiband and anisotropy effects in new superconducting compounds. Anharmonicity effects in current-phase relation on Josephson junctions dynamics are discussed. Recent studies in analogue and digital superconductivity electronics are presented. Topics of special interest include resistive single flux quantum logic in digital electronics. Application of Josephson junctions in quantum computing as superconducting quantum bits are analyzed. Particular attention is given to understanding chaotic behaviour of Josephson junctions and systems. The book is written for graduate students and researchers in the field of applied superconductivity.

Superconducting linear accelerator system for NSC

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

This paper reports the construction of a superconducting linear accelerator as a booster to the 15 UD Pelletron accelerator at Nuclear Science Centre, New Delhi. The LINAC will use superconducting niobium quarter wave resonators as the accelerating element. Construction of the linear accelerator has progressed ...

Pressure-induced antiferromagnetic superconductivity in CeNiGe3: A Ge73-NQR study under pressure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harada, A.; Kawasaki, S.; Mukuda, H.; Kitaoka, Y.; Thamizhavel, A.; Okuda, Y.; Settai, R.; Onuki, Y.; Itoh, K.M.; Haller, E.E.; Harima, H.

2007-01-01

We report on antiferromagnetic (AF) properties of pressure-induced superconductivity in CeNiGe 3 via the Ge73 nuclear-quadrupole-resonance (NQR) measurements under pressure (P). The NQR-spectrum measurements have revealed that the incommensurate antiferromagnetic ordering is robust against increasing P with the increase of ordered moment and ordering temperature. Nevertheless the measurements of nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T 1 ) have pointed to the onset of superconductivity as a consequence of Ce-4f electrons delocalized by applying P. The emergence of superconductivity under the development of AF order suggests that a novel type of superconducting mechanism works in this compound

A-15 superconducting composite wires and a method for making

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suenaga, M.; Klamut, C. J.; Luhman, Th. S.

1984-01-01

A method for fabricating superconducting wires wherein a billet of copper containing filaments of niobium or vanadium is rolled to form a strip which is wrapped about a tin-alloy core to form a composite. The alloy is a tin-copper alloy for niobium filaments and a gallium-copper alloy for vanadium filaments. The composite is then drawn down to a desired wire size and heat treated. During the heat treatment process, The tin in the bronze reacts with the niobium to form the superconductor niobium tin. In the case where vanadium is used, the gallium in the gallium bronze reacts with the vanadium to form the superconductor vanadium gallium. This new process eliminates the costly annealing steps, external tin plating and drilling of bronze ingots required in a number of prior art processes

Fabrication of Y-Ba-Cu-O (123) cuprate superconducting system and study of their electrical and structural properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahmed, F.; Hossain, M.K.; Sultana, H.R.; Abdul Hossain, M.; Khan, A.H.

2005-08-01

We know that in the YBa 2 Cu 3 O 6+x superconducting system transition temperature T c is highly dependent on the oxygen content in the compound. So, in order to fabricate superconducting YBa 2 Cu 3 O 6+x material under oxygen flow we have fabricated a tube furnace. Superconducting YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ compounds were synthesized by the solid state reaction method. Different pressure for the pellet formation, different sintering and annealing conditions in air or in oxygen atmosphere were carried out to study the effect on the formation of superconducting phase. Samples were characterized by dc electrical resistance and X-ray diffraction. Superconducting Y 1-x Ca x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ compounds are now under investigation. (author)

Comments on possible preferential order-disorder in A-15 compounds based upon Nb

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cox, D.E.

1977-01-01

The possible existence of preferential B-site disorder in A-15 compounds recently claimed on the basis of x-ray powder diffraction data but questioned from the viewpoint of known phase diagrams is examined for some Nb-based compounds of this type. It is concluded that x-ray powder data do not allow the determination of both order and compositional variables as suggested, and the latter must therefore be determined by some other method. (author)

Pb induces superconductivity in Bi2Se3 analyzed by point contact spectroscopy

OpenAIRE

Arevalo-López, P.; López-Romero, R. E.; Escudero, R.

2015-01-01

Some topological insulators become superconducting when doped with Cu and Pd. Superconductivity in a non-superconductor may be induced by proximity effect: i.e. Contacting a non-superconductor with a superconductor. The superconducting macroscopic wave function will induce electronic pairing into the normal compound. In the simplest topological insulator, Bi$_2$Se$_3$, superconductivity may be induced with Pb. We studied with point contact junctions formed by contacting Bi$_2$Se$_3$ crystals ...

Designing of superconducting magnet for clinical MRI

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kar, Soumen; Choudhury, A.; Sharma, R.G.; Datta, T.S.

2015-01-01

Superconducting technology of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanner is closely guarded technology as it has huge commercial application for clinical diagnostics. This is a rapidly evolving technology which requires innovative design of magnetic and cryogenic system. A project on the indigenous development of 1.5 T (B_0) MRI scanner has been initiated by SAMEER, Mumbai funded by DeitY, Gov. of India. IUAC is the collaborating institute for designing and developing the superconducting magnets and the cryostat for 1.5 T MRI scanner. The superconducting magnet is heart of the present day MRI system. The performance of the magnet has the highest impact on the overall image quality of the scanner. The stringent requirement of the spatial homogeneity (few parts per million within 50 cm diametrical spherical volume), the temporal stability (0.1 ppm/hr.) of the superconducting magnet and the safety standard (5 G in 5 m x 3 m ellipsoidal space) makes the designing of the superconducting magnet more complex. MRI consists of set of main coils and shielding coils. The large ratio between the diameter and the winding length of each coil makes the B_p_e_a_k/B_0 ratio much higher, which makes complexity in selecting the load line of the magnet. Superconducting magnets will be made of NbTi wire-in-channel (WIC) conductor with high copper to superconducting (NbTi) ratio. Multi-coil configuration on multi-bobbin architecture is though is cost effective but poses complexity in the mechanical integration to achieve desired homogeneity. Some of the major sources of inhomogeneities, in a multi-bobbin configuration, are the imperfect axial positioning and angular shift. We have simulated several factors which causes the homogeneity in six (main) coils configuration for a 1.5 T MRI magnet. Differential thermal shrinkage between the bobbin and superconducting winding is also a major source of inhomogeneity in a MRI magnet. This paper briefly present the different designing aspects of the

Elastic wave surfaces and phonon focussing for the A-15 compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Viswanathan, K.S.

1981-01-01

It is shown that the section of the energy surface corresponding to the longitudinal mode by the principal xy-plane for the A-15 compounds will degenerate into four points at the corners of a square at very low temperatures in the cubic phase. When the quasi-shear mode propagating along the (110) direction becomes soft, simultaneously the longitudinal mode will exhibit unusually high phonon focussing. (author)

Stabilized superconductive wires

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Randall, R.N.; Wong, J.

1976-01-01

A stable, high field, high current conductor is produced by packing multiple, multi-layer rods of a bronze core and niobium or vanadium inner jacket and copper outer jacket into a pure copper tube or other means for forming a pure copper matrix, sealing, working the packed tube to a wire, and by diffusion, heat treating to form a type II superconducting, Beta-Wolfram structure, intermetallic compound as a layer within each of several filaments derived from the rods. The layer of Beta-Wolfram structure compound may be formed in less than 2 h of diffusion heat treatment in a thickness of 0.5--2μ

ASC 84: applied superconductivity conference. Final program and abstracts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1984-01-01

Abstracts are given of presentations covering: superconducting device fabrication; applications of rf superconductivity; conductor stability and losses; detectors and signal processing; fusion magnets; A15 and Nb-Ti conductors; stability, losses, and various conductors; SQUID applications; new applications of superconductivity; advanced conductor materials; high energy physics applications of superconductivity; electronic materials and characterization; general superconducting electronics; ac machinery and new applications; digital devices; fusion and other large scale applications; in-situ and powder process conductors; ac applications; synthesis, properties, and characterization of conductors; superconducting microelectronics

ASC 84: applied superconductivity conference. Final program and abstracts

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1984-01-01

Abstracts are given of presentations covering: superconducting device fabrication; applications of rf superconductivity; conductor stability and losses; detectors and signal processing; fusion magnets; A15 and Nb-Ti conductors; stability, losses, and various conductors; SQUID applications; new applications of superconductivity; advanced conductor materials; high energy physics applications of superconductivity; electronic materials and characterization; general superconducting electronics; ac machinery and new applications; digital devices; fusion and other large scale applications; in-situ and powder process conductors; ac applications; synthesis, properties, and characterization of conductors; superconducting microelectronics. (LEW)

On the crystal growth and chemistry of the new electron-type superconducting oxides

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tarascon, J.M.; Wang, E.; Greene, L.H.; Ramesh, R.; Bagley, B.G.; Hull, G.W.; Miceli, P.F. (Bellcore, Red Bank, NJ (USA)); Wang, Z.Z.; Brawner, D.; Ong, N.P. (Dept. of Physics, Princeton Univ., NJ (USA))

1989-12-01

The effect on transport and superconducting properties produced by changes in x and y in the Nd{sub 2-x}Ce{sub x}CuO{sub y} compound were studied in both polycrystalline ceramics and single crystals. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the total oxygen content y for the as-prepared samples is always greater than 4 (i.e. presence of interstitial oxygen) whereas for the reduced sample y becomes equal to or smaller than 4 only when x is 0.15 or greater. This is the range of Ce content for which the material superconducts. For a material with Ce x=0.15 the superconducting properties can be varied reversibly by changing the oxygen content. In addition, we propose that the oxygen in these materials can be either ordered or disordered, thereby affecting the transport properties. Platelet-like crystals of Nd{sub 2-x}Ce{sub x}CuO{sub y} with x=0 to 0.18, have been grown via a flux technique. Those having a Ce content between 0.14 and 0.17 are superconducting with the sharpest transitions (Tc=21{plus minus}1K) for x=0.14. Metallic-like behavior above Tc, with a linear temperature dependence above 150K was observed on all the crystals. Below 30K, the in-plane resistivity is independent of T. The Hall coefficient is sensitive to processing conditions but is usually negative above 100K. The upper critical field with field along the c-axis is 6T at 4.2K. (orig.).

Anomalous electron doping independent two-dimensional superconductivity

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, Wei; Xing, Xiangzhuo; Zhao, Haijun; Feng, Jiajia; Pan, Yongqiang; Zhou, Nan; Zhang, Yufeng; Qian, Bin; Shi, Zhixiang

2017-07-01

Transition metal (Co and Ni) co-doping effects are investigated on an underdoped Ca0.94La0.06Fe2As2 compound. It is discovered that electron doping from substituting Fe with transition metal (TM = Co, Ni) can trigger high-{T}{{c}} superconductivity around 35 K, which emerges abruptly before the total suppression of the innate spin-density-wave/anti-ferromagnetism (SDW/AFM) state. Remarkably, the critical temperature for the high-{T}{{c}} superconductivity remains constant against a wide range of TM doping levels. And the net electron doping density dependence of the superconducting {T}{{c}} based on the rigid band model can be nicely scaled into a single curve for Co and Ni substitutions, in stark contrast to the case of Ba(Fe1-x TM x )2As2. This carrier density independent superconductivity and the unusual scaling behavior are presumably resulted from the interface superconductivity based on the similarity with the interface superconductivity in a La2-x Sr x CuO4-La2CuO4 bilayer. Evidence of the two-dimensional character of the superfluid by angle-resolved magneto-resistance measurements can further strengthen the interface nature of the high-{T}{{c}} superconductivity.

Superconducting current in a bisoliton superconductivity model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ermakov, V.N.; Kruchinin, S.P.; Ponezha, E.A.

1991-01-01

It is shown that the transition into a superconducting state with the current which is described by a bisoliton superconductivity model is accompanied by the deformation of the spectrum of one-particle states of the current carriers. The deformation value is proportional to the conducting current force. The residuaby resistance in such state is absent

First-principles theory of anharmonicity and the inverse isotope effect in superconducting palladium-hydride compounds.

Science.gov (United States)

Errea, Ion; Calandra, Matteo; Mauri, Francesco

2013-10-25

Palladium hydrides display the largest isotope effect anomaly known in the literature. Replacement of hydrogen with the heavier isotopes leads to higher superconducting temperatures, a behavior inconsistent with harmonic theory. Solving the self-consistent harmonic approximation by a stochastic approach, we obtain the anharmonic free energy, the thermal expansion, and the superconducting properties fully ab initio. We find that the phonon spectra are strongly renormalized by anharmonicity far beyond the perturbative regime. Superconductivity is phonon mediated, but the harmonic approximation largely overestimates the superconducting critical temperatures. We explain the inverse isotope effect, obtaining a -0.38 value for the isotope coefficient in good agreement with experiments, hydrogen anharmonicity being mainly responsible for the isotope anomaly.

Superconductivity in Weyl semimetal candidate MoTe{sub 2}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Qi, Yanpeng; Naumov, Pavel; Rajamathi, Catherine; Barkalov, Oleg; Wu, Shu-Chun; Shekhar, Chandra; Sun, Yan; Suess, Vicky; Schmidt, Marcus; Schwarz, Ulrich; Schnelle, Walter; Felser, Claudia; Medvedev, Sergey [Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden (Germany); Ali, Mazhar; Cava, Robert [Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton (United States); Hanfland, Michael [European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble (France); Pippel, Eckhard; Werner, Peter; Hillebrand, Reinald; Parkin, Stuart [Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle (Germany); Foerster, Tobias; Kampert, Erik [Dresden High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Dresden (Germany); Yan, Binghai [Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden (Germany); Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden (Germany)

2016-07-01

In this work, we investigate the sister compound of WTe{sub 2}, MoTe{sub 2}, which is also predicted to be a Weyl semimetal and a quantum spin Hall insulator in bulk and monolayer form, respectively. We find that MoTe{sub 2} exhibits superconductivity with a resistive transition temperature T{sub c} of 0.1 K. The application of a small pressure is shown to dramatically enhance the T{sub c}, with a maximum value of 8.2 K being obtained at 11.7 GPa (a more than 80-fold increase in Tc). This yields a dome-shaped superconducting phase diagram. Further explorations into the nature of the superconductivity in this system may provide insights into the interplay between superconductivity and topological physics.

Some regularities in the occurrence of superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chapnik, I.M.

1984-01-01

The superconducting transition temperatures T/sub c/ of the non-transition elements (NTE) of the first long period of the Periodic Table are compared with those of analogous compounds having NTE components from the second period. In contrast to relations for transition metals (TM) the NTE compounds show a higher T/sub c/ if the NTE component belongs to the first long period. The intermetallic compounds, crystal lattices, and T/sub c/ are listed and discussed

Crystal growth of uranium compounds and study of UGe2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taufour, V.

2011-01-01

In this thesis, the study on the superconducting ferromagnet UGe 2 is presented. Crystal growth of UGe 2 single crystals was realized in a tetra-arc furnace using the Czochralski technique. This technique was also used to obtain high quality single crystals of other uranium compounds, notably UCoGe and URu 2 Si 2 . The Curie temperature of UGe 2 (T(Curie) = 53 K) decreases with pressure and is suppressed at p c = 1.5 GPa. Before being suppressed, the ferromagnetic transition changes from second to first order at a tricritical point. Precise resistivity and Hall resistivity measurements under pressure and magnetic field revealed the position of the tricritical point as well as its evolution under magnetic field which draw a wing structure phase diagram. Despite the theoretical prediction that this diagram is general for a ferromagnet, here we present the first experimental observation. Other measurements focus on the superconductivity (T sc = 0.75 K) which coexists with ferromagnetism under pressure. The bulk nature of the superconductivity is investigated by AC calorimetry measurements under pressure. The attention is turned to the interesting phenomenon of field enhanced superconductivity. (author) [fr

Inhomogeneous superconductivity in a ferromagnet

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kontos, T.; Aprili, M.; Lesueur, J.; Genet, F.; Boursier, R.; Grison, X.

2003-01-01

We have studied a new superconducting state where the condensate wave function resulting from conventional pairing, is modified by an exchange field. Superconductivity is induced into a ferromagnetic thin film (F) by the proximity effect with a superconducting reservoir (S). We observed oscillations of the superconducting order parameter induced in F as a function of the distance from the S/F interface. They originate from the finite momentum transfer provided to Cooper pairs by the splitting of the spin up and down bands. We measured the superconducting density of states in F by tunneling spectroscopy and the Josephson critical current when F is coupled with a superconducting counter-electrode. Negative values of the superconducting order parameter are revealed by capsized tunneling spectra in F and a negative Josephson coupling (π-junction)

Magnetism and superconductivity in Eu-based iron pnictides

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zapf, Sina [1. Physikalisches Institut, Universitaet Stuttgart (Germany)

2015-07-01

EuFe{sub 2}As{sub 2} is an extraordinary parent compound of the iron pnictides, as it exhibits at low temperatures - additional to the Fe spin density wave - long-range magnetic order of the Eu{sup 2+} local moments. Nevertheless, bulk superconductivity around 30 K can be induced by mechanical pressure or chemical substitution. In this talk we review the remarkable interplay of unconventional superconductivity, itinerant and local magnetism in Eu based iron pnictides. We focus on the appearance of a re-entrant spin glass phase that coexists with superconductivity and an indirect magneto-elastic coupling, enabling the persistent magnetic detwinning by small magnetic fields.

A new compound - Ta3Pb : manufacture, structure and properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tuleushev, A.Zh.; Tuleushev, Yu.Zh.; Volodin, V.N.; Zhakanbaev, E.A.

2003-01-01

For the first time by the magnetron sputtering and tantalum deposition on substrates from molybdenum and tungsten the covers presenting the lead solution in cubic α-tantalum (up to 2.5 at % Pb) were obtained. The lead dissolution is accompanying by the Ta lattice parameter increasing from 0.3314 to 0.3321 nm in the lead concentration range from 0.2 to 2.5 at. % Pb. The cryogenic examinations of the synthesised covers conducted by four-probes electric resistance method show the absence the superconductivity up to the 4.2 K temperature. So, for the first time the Ta 2 Pb compound with A15 structure was synthesised and data for its identification were determined

Magnet field design considerations for a high energy superconducting cyclotron

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Botman, J.I.M.; Craddock, M.K.; Kost, C.J.; Richardson, J.R.

1983-08-01

This paper reports the pole shape designs for a two stage superconducting isochronous cyclotron combination (CANUCK) to accelerate 100 μA proton beams to 15 GeV. The pole shape of the 15 sectors of the first stage 3.5 GeV proton cyclotron provides isochronism over the full energy range and a constant axial tune over all but the lowest energies. Progress on the pole design of the 42 sector 15 GeV second stage is also reported. The magnetic fields are computed from the current distribution of the superconducting coils and the infinitely thin current sheets simulating the fully saturated poles. A least squares method is used to minimize deviations from isochronism by adjusting the size of various elemental shim coils placed around the main coil. The method to obtain the desired axial tune is described

High-Tc superconductivity of Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O samples

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Porjesz, T.; Kirschner, I.; Kovacs, G.

1988-08-01

A TlBaCaCuO 4.5+x compound has been investigated from the point of view of superconductivity. Depending on the heat treatment, one part of the sample exhibits superconductivity with an onset of 121 K and zero resistivity of 106 K and the other part of them shows a sharp drop in resistivity at 130 K which hints at an existence of superconducting grains. This picture was confirmed by magnetic and ESR measurements giving possibility for estimation of critical magnetic fields. (author). 5 refs, 6 figs

Superconducting homopolar motor and conductor development

Science.gov (United States)

Gubser, Donald U.

1996-10-01

The U.S. Navy has been developing superconducting homopolar motors for ship applications since 1969; a successful at-sea demonstration of the first motor, using NbTi wire for the magnet, was achieved in the early 1980s. Recently, this same motor was used as a test bed to demonstrate progress in high-critical-temperature superconducting magnet technology using bismuth-strontium- calcium-copper-oxide (BSCCO) compounds. In the fall of 1995, this motor achieved a performance of 124 kW operating at a temperature of 4.2 K and 91 kW while operating at 28 K. Future tests are scheduled using new magnets with conductors of both the 2223 and the 2212 BSCCO phases. This article describes the advantages of superconducting propulsion and recent progress in the development of BSCCO conductors for use in Navy power systems.

Change in properties of superconducting magnet materials by fusion neutron irradiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nishimura, Arata; Nishijima, Shigehiro; Takeuchi, Takao; Nishitani, Takeo

2007-01-01

A fusion reactor will generate a lot of high energy neutron and much energy will be taken out of the neutrons by a blanket system. Since some neutrons will stream out of a plasma vacuum vessel through neutral beam injection ports and penetrate a blanket system, a superconducting magnet system, which provides high magnetic field to confirm high energy particles, will be irradiated by a certain amount of neutrons. By developing the new NBI system or by reducing the penetration, the neutron fluence to the superconducting magnet will be able to be reduced. However, it is not easy to achieve the lower streaming and penetration at the present. Therefore, investigations on irradiation behavior of superconducting magnet materials are desired and some novel researches have been performed from 1970s. In general, the critical current of the superconducting wire increases under fast neutron environment comparing with that of the non-irradiated wire, and then decreased to almost zero as an increase of neutron fluence. On the other hand, the critical temperature of the wire starts to get down around 10 22 n/m 2 of neutron fluence and the temperature margin will be decreased during the operation by the neutron irradiation. In this paper, some aspects of irradiated materials will be overviewed and general tendency will be discussed focussing on knock-on effect of fast neutron and long range ordering of A15 compounds

Superconductivity and magnetism in the ruthenocuprates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Klamut, Piotr W

2008-01-01

The ruthenocuprates are high temperature superconductors, which have raised a substantial interest due to the simultaneous presence of the transition metal magnetism and superconductivity. The compounds represent a complex and experimentally challenging research arena, with interesting recent experimental developments. The author reviews some key properties of RuSr 2 RECu 2 O 8 , RuSr 2 RE 2-x Ce x Cu 2 O 10-y , and of a few derivative compounds of the ruthenocuprate family. (topical review)

Superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Palmieri, V.

1990-01-01

This paper reports on superconductivity the absence of electrical resistance has always fascinated the mind of researchers with a promise of applications unachievable by conventional technologies. Since its discovery superconductivity has been posing many questions and challenges to solid state physics, quantum mechanics, chemistry and material science. Simulations arrived to superconductivity from particle physics, astrophysic, electronics, electrical engineering and so on. In seventy-five years the original promises of superconductivity were going to become reality: a microscopical theory gave to superconductivity the cloth of the science and the level of technological advances was getting higher and higher. High field superconducting magnets became commercially available, superconducting electronic devices were invented, high field accelerating gradients were obtained in superconductive cavities and superconducting particle detectors were under study. Other improvements came in a quiet progression when a tornado brought a revolution in the field: new materials had been discovered and superconductivity, from being a phenomenon relegated to the liquid Helium temperatures, became achievable over the liquid Nitrogen temperature. All the physics and the technological implications under superconductivity have to be considered ab initio

Design of a high speed, high resolution thermometry system for 1.5 GHz superconducting radio frequency cavities

Science.gov (United States)

Knobloch, Jens; Muller, Henry; Padamsee, Hasan

1994-11-01

Presented in this paper are the description and the test results of a new stationary thermometry system used to map the temperature of the outer surface of 1.5 GHz superconducting single-cell cavities during operation at 1.6 K. The system comprises 764 removable carbon thermometers whose signals are multiplexed and scanned by a Macintosh computer. A complete temperature map can be obtained in as little as 0.1 s at a temperature resolution of about 0.2 mK. Alternatively, it has been demonstrated that if the acquisition time is increased to several seconds, then a temperature resolution on the order of 30 μK is possible. To our knowledge, these are the fastest acquisition times so far achieved with L-band cavities at these resolutions.

Internal friction due to domain-wall motion in martensitically transformed A15 compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Snead, C.L. Jr.; Welch, D.O.

1985-01-01

A lattice instability in A15 materials in some cases leads to a cubic-to-tetragonal martensitic transformation at low temperatures. The transformed material orients in lamellae with c axes alternately aligned along the directions producing domain walls between the lamellae. An internal-friction (delta) feature below T/sub m/ is attributed to stress-induced domain-wall motion. The magnitude of the friction increases as temperature is lowered below T/sub m/ as (1-c/a) increases, and behaves as (1-c/a) 2 from T/sub m/ down to the superconducting critical temperature where the increasing tetragonality is inhibited. The effect of strain in the lattice is to decrease the domain-wall internal friction, but not affect T/sub m/. Neutron-induced disorder and the addition of some third-elements in alloying decrease both delta and T/sub m/, with some elements reducing only the former. Less than 1 at. % H is seen to completely suppress both delta and T/sub m. Martensitically transformed V 2 Zr demonstrates low-temperature internal-friction and modulus behavior consists with easy β/m wall motion relative to the easy m/m motion of the A15's. For the V 2 Zr, a peak in delta is observed, qualitatively in agreement with expected β/m wall motion

Characterizations of power loads on divertor targets for type-I, compound and small ELMs in the EAST superconducting tokamak

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wang, L.; Xu, G.S.; Guo, H.Y.

2013-01-01

-III ELMy H-modes. The energy loss and divertor power load are systematically characterized for these different ELMy H-modes to provide a physics basis for the next-step high-power long-pulse operations in EAST. Both type-I and compound ELMs exhibit good confinement (H98(y,2) ∼ 1). A significant loss......The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) has recently achieved a variety of H-mode regimes with different edge-localized mode (ELM) dynamics, including type-I ELMs, compound ELMs, which are manifested by the onset of a large spike followed by a sequence of small spikes on Dα......-III ELMs. It is remarkable that the new very small ELMy H-modes exhibit even lower target power deposition than type-III ELMs, with the peak heat flux generally below 1 MW m−2. These very small ELMs are usually accompanied by broadband fluctuations with frequencies ranging from 20 to 50 kHz, which may...

Obstacles to superconductivity in CsCl phases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matthias, B.T.; Corenzwit, E.; Vandenberg, J.M.; Barz, H.; Maple, M.B.; Shelton, R.N.

1976-01-01

Reasons are put forward for why the CsCl structure is not a structure which is favorable for high-temperature superconductivity. The transition temperatures of several binary and ternary intermetallic compounds are given to illustrate the arguments. (B.R.H.)

Lattice parameters guide superconductivity in iron-arsenides

Science.gov (United States)

Konzen, Lance M. N.; Sefat, Athena S.

2017-03-01

The discovery of superconducting materials has led to their use in technological marvels such as magnetic-field sensors in MRI machines, powerful research magnets, short transmission cables, and high-speed trains. Despite such applications, the uses of superconductors are not widespread because they function much below room-temperature, hence the costly cooling. Since the discovery of Cu- and Fe-based high-temperature superconductors (HTS), much intense effort has tried to explain and understand the superconducting phenomenon. While no exact explanations are given, several trends are reported in relation to the materials basis in magnetism and spin excitations. In fact, most HTS have antiferromagnetic undoped ‘parent’ materials that undergo a superconducting transition upon small chemical substitutions in them. As it is currently unclear which ‘dopants’ can favor superconductivity, this manuscript investigates crystal structure changes upon chemical substitutions, to find clues in lattice parameters for the superconducting occurrence. We review the chemical substitution effects on the crystal lattice of iron-arsenide-based crystals (2008 to present). We note that (a) HTS compounds have nearly tetragonal structures with a-lattice parameter close to 4 Å, and (b) superconductivity can depend strongly on the c-lattice parameter changes with chemical substitution. For example, a decrease in c-lattice parameter is required to induce ‘in-plane’ superconductivity. The review of lattice parameter trends in iron-arsenides presented here should guide synthesis of new materials and provoke theoretical input, giving clues for HTS.

Method of superconducting joint and its measurement

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Woo Gon; Lee, Ho Jin; Hong, Gye Won

1994-04-01

The development of joint techniques for superconducting wires is essential to fabricate the high quality superconducting magnet. In this report, the various joining methods and their measuring techniques were reviewed. In order to fabricate a precise superconducting magnet, joining and measuring experiment by using the field decay technique carried out. The contact resistance of coupled specimens with joint was measured as 3.0 x 10 -15 ohm at 1 Tesla which is lower than that of the real operating condition of MRI magnet. It is expected that these data can be used to design and fabricate the superconducting magnets successfully. (Author) 12 refs., 20 figs., 2 tabs

Linear arrangement of metallic and superconducting defects in a thin superconducting sample

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barba-Ortega, J.; Sardella, Edson; Albino Aguiar, J.

2013-01-01

Highlights: • We study the influence of superconducting and metallic defects on the vortex configurations in a thin mesoscopic disk. • We found that the vortex–defect interaction leads to interesting vortex configurations. • The first vortex entry is always (never) found sitting on the metallic (superconducting) defect position. -- Abstract: The vortex matter in a superconducting disk with a linear configuration of metallic and superconducting defects is studied. Effects associated to the pinning (anti-pinning) force of the metallic (superconducting) defect on the vortex configuration and on the thermodynamic critical fields are analyzed in the framework of the Ginzburg Landau theory. We calculate the loop of the magnetization, vorticity and free energy curves as a function of the magnetic field for a thin disk. Due to vortex–defect attraction for a metallic defect (repulsion for a superconducting defect), the vortices always (never) are found to be sitting on the defect position

Methodology and search for superconductivity in the La-Si-C system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

De la Venta, J; Basaran, Ali C; Schuller, Ivan K; Grant, T; Machado, A J S; Fisk, Z; Suchomel, M R; Weber, R T

2011-01-01

In this paper we describe a methodology for the search for new superconducting materials. This consists of a parallel synthesis of a highly inhomogeneous alloy which covers large areas of the metallurgical phase diagram combined with a fast, microwave-based method which allows non-superconducting portions of the sample to be discarded. Once an inhomogeneous sample containing a minority phase superconductor is identified, we revert to well-known thorough identification methods which include standard physical and structural methods. We show how a systematic structural study helps in avoiding misidentification of new superconducting materials when there are indications from other methods of new discoveries. These ideas are applied to the La-Si-C system which exhibits promising normal state properties which are sometimes correlated with superconductivity. Although this system shows indications for the presence of a new superconducting compound, the careful analysis described here shows that the superconductivity in this system can be attributed to intermediate binary and single phases of the system.

Improvements in or relating to superconductive magnet coils and their formers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McDougall, I.L.

1977-01-01

A method of manufacturing a superconductive magnet coil is described comprising winding on to a former a wire containing the components of a superconductive intermetallic compound and heating the assembly to a temperature such that the components of the compound react to form the intermetallic compound. The former should be made of metal, such as steel or stainless steel, of melting point higher than that at which the reaction occurs, and should have on all portions of its surface contacted by the wire a coating of a refractory material, such as Al 2 O 3 , non reactive with the metal and the wire. The wire may contain, after reaction, filaments of the intermetallic compound, and adjacent strands of wire in a single layer may be insulated one from the other by refractory material. A flange is formed on one end of the former, which may be cylindrical in shape. The refractory coating of the former may be flame sprayed into the metal. (U.K.)

Superconductivity

CERN Document Server

Thomas, D B

1974-01-01

A short general review is presented of the progress made in applied superconductivity as a result of work performed in connection with the high-energy physics program in Europe. The phenomenon of superconductivity and properties of superconductors of Types I and II are outlined. The main body of the paper deals with the development of niobium-titanium superconducting magnets and of radio-frequency superconducting cavities and accelerating structures. Examples of applications in and for high-energy physics experiments are given, including the large superconducting magnet for the Big European Bubble Chamber, prototype synchrotron magnets for the Super Proton Synchrotron, superconducting d.c. beam line magnets, and superconducting RF cavities for use in various laboratories. (0 refs).

Magnetic imaging of antiferromagnetic and superconducting phases in R bxF e2 -yS e2 crystals

Science.gov (United States)

Hazi, J.; Mousavi, T.; Dudin, P.; van der Laan, G.; Maccherozzi, F.; Krzton-Maziopa, A.; Pomjakushina, E.; Conder, K.; Speller, S. C.

2018-02-01

High-temperature superconducting (HTS) cuprate materials, with the ability to carry large electrical currents with no resistance at easily reachable temperatures, have stimulated enormous scientific and industrial interest since their discovery in the 1980's. However, technological applications of these promising compounds have been limited by their chemical and microstructural complexity and the challenging processing strategies required for the exploitation of their extraordinary properties. The lack of theoretical understanding of the mechanism for superconductivity in these HTS materials has also hindered the search for new superconducting systems with enhanced performance. The unexpected discovery in 2008 of HTS iron-based compounds has provided an entirely new family of materials for studying the crucial interplay between superconductivity and magnetism in unconventional superconductors. Alkali-metal-doped iron selenide (AxF e2 -yS e2 , A =alkali metal ) compounds are of particular interest owing to the coexistence of superconductivity at relatively high temperatures with antiferromagnetism. Intrinsic phase separation on the mesoscopic scale is also known to occur in what were intended to be single crystals of these compounds, making it difficult to interpret bulk property measurements. Here, we use a combination of two advanced microscopy techniques to provide direct evidence of the magnetic properties of the individual phases. First, x-ray linear dichroism studies in a photoelectron emission microscope, and supporting multiplet calculations, indicate that the matrix (majority) phase is antiferromagnetic whereas the minority phase is nonmagnetic at room temperature. Second, cryogenic magnetic force microscopy demonstrates unambiguously that superconductivity occurs only in the minority phase. The correlation of these findings with previous microstructural studies and bulk measurements paves the way for understanding the intriguing electronic and magnetic

Analysis of A-15 phase in the system Nb-Au

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silveira, M.F. da.

1982-01-01

The Nb-Au system contains a A-15 structure with a superconducting critical temperature of the order of 11 K. According to the actually available phase diagrams there is some incertainty, whether the stoichiometric composition Nb 3 Au (75% at. Nb and 25% at. Au) occurs within the limits of stability. In the present work the samples (alloys of Nb and Au) are produced using a technique of melting by condenser discharge. The advantage of this technique consists in the possibility to obtain samples with compositions exceeding the limits of stability, as shown by lattice parameter analyses of the phase A-2 (Nb - solid solution) samples. The A-15 phase is obtained by heat treatments of samples crystallized originally in the A-2 structure. The inductively determined critical temperatures are close to the highest reported in the literature for this compound (11,5 K). Further we show by lattice parameter analyses that we are able to obtain the A-15 phase also with metastable compositions, very probably inclusively with the stoichiometric composition. (author) [pt

Specific heat of Nb3Sn and V2Zr compounds irradiated with high fluences fast neutrons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kar'kin, A.E.; Mirmel'shtejn, A.V.; Arkhipov, V.E.; Goshchitskij, B.N.

1987-01-01

Specific heat of Nb 3 Sn (structure A15) and V 2 Zr (C15) specimens irradiated with high fluences of bast neutrons has been measured. It is shown that in these compounds the temperature reduction of superconducting transition T c under neutron irradiation is accompanied with high decrease of N(E F ). Phonon spectrum of the irradiated V 2 Zr (amorphous phase) on the whole is harder, than at an initial state, for irradiated Nb 3 Sn state (disordered crystalline structure) phonon spectrum is differ weakly from initial one. General regularities of parameter change of electron and phonon subsystems for A15 compounds investigated here and earlier (V 3 Si, Mo 3 Si, Mo 3 Ge) have been analysed

Electron–phonon superconductivity in YIn3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Billington, D; Llewellyn-Jones, T M; Maroso, G; Dugdale, S B

2013-01-01

First-principles calculations of the electron–phonon coupling were performed on the cubic intermetallic compound YIn 3 . The electron–phonon coupling constant was found to be λ ep = 0.42. Using the Allen–Dynes formula with a Coulomb pseudopotential of μ* = 0.10, a T c of approximately 0.77 K is obtained which is reasonably consistent with the experimentally observed temperature (between 0.8 and 1.1 K). The results indicate that conventional electron–phonon coupling is capable of producing the superconductivity in this compound. (paper)

Electron-phonon superconductivity in YIn3

Science.gov (United States)

Billington, D.; Llewellyn-Jones, T. M.; Maroso, G.; Dugdale, S. B.

2013-08-01

First-principles calculations of the electron-phonon coupling were performed on the cubic intermetallic compound YIn3. The electron-phonon coupling constant was found to be λep = 0.42. Using the Allen-Dynes formula with a Coulomb pseudopotential of μ* = 0.10, a Tc of approximately 0.77 K is obtained which is reasonably consistent with the experimentally observed temperature (between 0.8 and 1.1 K). The results indicate that conventional electron-phonon coupling is capable of producing the superconductivity in this compound.

On possibility origination of superconductivity in MgB sub 2 compound

CERN Document Server

Zajtsev, R O

2001-01-01

The mechanism of originating superconductivity in the MgB sub 2 is studied on the basis of the Hubbard generalized model. The possibility of existence of the Cooper instability in the system with jumps between the cations and anions of the nontransient elements is established with application of the notion on the strong interaction. Filling of the boron four electron p-shell and the magnesium two-electron 3s sup 2 shell is considered with an account of the hexagonal symmetry of the MgB sub 2 elementary cell. The phase diagram of existing the superconductivity in dependence on the filling rate of the (n sub p)p sup 6 and (n sub s)s sup 2 -shells of the nontransient elements is plotted

Structural studies of type N superconductive compounds: R2-xCexCuO4±δ (R = Gd, Eu, Sm, Nd, Pr); influences of chemical treatments on physical properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vigoureux, P.

1995-06-01

Different chemical treatments of R 2-x Ce x CuO 4±δ compounds monocrystals (gadolinium, europium, samarium, neodymium and praseodymium cuprates) modify their physical properties especially their superconductive properties. The presented chemical treatments are: the substitution of the trivalent rare earth element R by an other trivalent lanthanide, its substitution by tetravalent cerium, and heat treatment under low oxygen pressure. After these chemical treatments, structural modifications are observed by neutrons and X-rays diffraction, and allow to precise their actions: size effect of the rare earth element on the deformation of the CuO 2 planes, links between deformation and superconductivity and magnetic properties. (A.B.)

Superconductivity, magnetics, cryogenics, and vacuum coating

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Akin, J.E.; Ballou, J.K.; Beaver, R.J.

1975-01-01

The Engineering Sciences Department continued to provide consultation, design, and experiment to support the plasma physics activities of the Division while inaugurating a comprehensive program to develop superconducting magnets for toroidal fusion devices. This newly funded program is aimed at producing toroidal superconducting magnets for an experimental power reactor by the mid 1980's. Other superconducting work, such as the 14-T niobium tin solenoid designed last year for use in Moessbauer experiments, has been fabricated, successfully tested, and delivered to the Physics Division. This coil, which used a 1.27-cm wide Nb 3 Sn conductor operating at 14 T with a coil current density of 11,000 A/cm, represents an advance in the state-of-the-art. The conceptual design was provided for a subcooler to extend the ORMAK operating temperature to 70 0 K and thus allow operation at fields up to 25 kG with the present generators. The detailed design, fabrication, installation supervision, and acceptance testing of the subcooler were provided by the UCCND engineering organization. Further support to the ORMAK program was provided by the vacuum-coating activity through an investigation of sputtering erosion of the ORMAK liner. In addition, a program was undertaken to develop a variety of refractory surfaces of metals, alloys, and intermetallic compounds on stainless steel for use as first walls in future fusion devices. Adherent thick-film metallic and compound coatings deposited in vacuum by several mechanisms were produced and tested. (U.S.)

Spin-rotation symmetry breaking and triplet superconducting state in doped topological insulator CuxBi2Se3

Science.gov (United States)

Zheng, Guo-Qing

Spontaneous symmetry breaking is an important concept for understanding physics ranging from the elementary particles to states of matter. For example, the superconducting state breaks global gauge symmetry, and unconventional superconductors can break additional symmetries. In particular, spin rotational symmetry is expected to be broken in spin-triplet superconductors. However, experimental evidence for such symmetry breaking has not been obtained so far in any candidate compounds. We report 77Se nuclear magnetic resonance measurements which showed that spin rotation symmetry is spontaneously broken in the hexagonal plane of the electron-doped topological insulator Cu0.3Bi2Se3 below the superconducting transition temperature Tc =3.4 K. Our results not only establish spin-triplet (odd parity) superconductivity in this compound, but also serve to lay a foundation for the research of topological superconductivity (Ref.). We will also report the doping mechanism and superconductivity in Sn1-xInxTe.

Superconductivity mediated by anharmonic phonons: application to β-pyrochlore oxides

Science.gov (United States)

Hattori, Kazumasa; Tsunetsugu, Hirokazu

2010-03-01

We investigate three dimensional anharmonic phonons under tetrahedral symmetry and superconductivity mediated by these phonons. Three dimensional anharmonic phonon spectra are calculated directly by solving Schr"odinger equation and the superconducting transition temperature is determined by using the theory of strong coupling superconductivity assuming an isotropic gap function. With increasing the third order anharmonicity b of the tetrahedral potential, we find a crossover in the energy spectrum to a quantum tunneling regime. We obtain strongly enhanced transition temperatures around the crossover point. The first order transition observed in KOs2O6 is discussed in terms of the first excited state energy δ, and the coupling constant λ in the strong coupling theory of superconductivity. Our results suggest that the decrease of λ and increase of δ below the first order transition temperature. We point out that the change in the oscillation amplitude and characterizes this isomorphic transition. The chemical trends of the superconducting transition temperature, λ, and δ in the β-pyrochlore compounds are also discussed.

Anisotropic type-I superconductivity and anomalous superfluid density in OsB2

Science.gov (United States)

Bekaert, J.; Vercauteren, S.; Aperis, A.; Komendová, L.; Prozorov, R.; Partoens, B.; Milošević, M. V.

2016-10-01

We present a microscopic study of superconductivity in OsB2, and discuss the origin and characteristic length scales of the superconducting state. From first-principles we show that OsB2 is characterized by three different Fermi sheets, and we prove that this fermiology complies with recent quantum-oscillation experiments. Using the found microscopic properties, and experimental data from the literature, we employ Ginzburg-Landau relations to reveal that OsB2 is a distinctly type-I superconductor with a very low Ginzburg-Landau parameter κ —a rare property among compound materials. We show that the found coherence length and penetration depth corroborate the measured thermodynamic critical field. Moreover, our calculation of the superconducting gap structure using anisotropic Eliashberg theory and ab initio calculated electron-phonon interaction as input reveals a single but anisotropic gap. The calculated gap spectrum is shown to give an excellent account for the unconventional behavior of the superfluid density of OsB2 measured in experiments as a function of temperature. This reveals that gap anisotropy can explain such behavior, observed in several compounds, which was previously attributed solely to a two-gap nature of superconductivity.

Electronic Correlations, Jahn-Teller Distortions and Mott Transition to Superconductivity in Alkali-C60 Compounds

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alloul H.

2012-03-01

Full Text Available The discovery in 1991 of high temperature superconductivity (SC in A3C60 compounds, where A is an alkali ion, has been rapidly ascribed to a BCS mechanism, in which the pairing is mediated by on ball optical phonon modes. While this has lead to consider that electronic correlations were not important in these compounds, further studies of various AnC60 with n=1, 2, 4 allowed to evidence that their electronic properties cannot be explained by a simple progressive band filling of the C60 six-fold degenerate t1u molecular level. This could only be ascribed to the simultaneous influence of electron correlations and Jahn-Teller Distortions (JTD of the C60 ball, which energetically favour evenly charged C60 molecules. This is underlined by the recent discovery of two expanded fulleride Cs3C60 isomeric phases which are Mott insulators at ambient pressure. Both phases undergo a pressure induced first order Mott transition to SC with a (p, T phase diagram displaying a dome shaped SC, a common situation encountered nowadays in correlated electron systems. NMR experiments allowed us to study the magnetic properties of the Mott phases and to evidence clear deviations from BCS expectations near the Mott transition. So, although SC involves an electron-phonon mechanism, the incidence of electron correlations has an importance on the electronic properties, as had been anticipated from DMFT calculations.

Superconductivity optimization and phase formation kinetics study of internal-Sn Nb3Sn superconducting wires

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang, Chaowu

2007-07-01

Superconductors Nb 3 Sn wires are one of the most applicable cryogenic superconducting materials and the best choice for high-field magnets exceeding 10 T. One of the most significant utilization is the ITER project which is regarded as the hope of future energy source. The high-Cu composite designs with smaller number of sub-element and non-reactive diffusion barrier, and the RRP (Restacked Rod Process) internal-Sn technology are usually applied for the wire manufacturing. Such designed and processed wires were supplied by MSA/Alstom and WST/NIN in this research. The systematic investigation on internal-Sn superconducting wires includes the optimization of heat treatment (HT) conditions, phase formation and its relation with superconductivity, microstructure analysis, and the phase formation kinetics. Because of the anfractuosity of the configuration design and metallurgical processing, the MF wires are not sufficient for studying a sole factor effect on superconductivity. Therefore, four sets of mono-element (ME) wires with different Sn ratios and different third-element addition were designed and fabricated in order to explore the relationship between phase formation and superconducting performances, particularly the A15 layer growth kinetics. Different characterization technic have been used (magnetization measurements, neutron diffraction and SEM/TEM/EDX analysis). The A15 layer thicknesses of various ME samples were measured and carried out linear and non-linear fits by means of two model equations. The results have clearly demonstrated that the phase formation kinetics of Nb 3 Sn solid-state reaction is in accordance with an n power relation and the n value is increased with the increase of HT temperature and the Sn ratio in the wire composite. (author)

A high field and cryogenic test facility for neutron irradiated superconducting wire

Science.gov (United States)

Nishimura, A.; Miyata, H.; Yoshida, M.; Iio, M.; Suzuki, K.; Nakamoto, T.; Yamazaki, M.; Toyama, T.

2017-12-01

A 15.5 T superconducting magnet and a variable temperature insert (VTI) system were installed at a radiation control area in Oarai center in Tohoku University to investigate the superconducting properties of activated superconducting materials by fast neutron. The superconductivity was measured at cryogenic temperature and high magnetic field. During these tests, some inconvenient problems were observed and the additional investigation was carried out. The variable temperature insert was designed and assembled to perform the superconducting property tests. without the liquid helium. To remove the heat induced by radiation and joule heating, high purity aluminum rod was used in VTI. The thermal contact was checked by FEM analysis and an additional support was added to confirm the decreasing the stress concentration and the good thermal contact. After the work for improvement, it was affirmed that the test system works well and all troubles were resolved. In this report, the improved technical solution is described and the first data set on the irradiation effect on Nb3Sn wire is presented.

Neutron scattering and the search for mechanisms of superconductivity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Aeppli, G.; Bishop, D.J.; Broholm, C.

1999-01-01

Neutron scattering is a direct probe of mass and magnetization density in solids. We start with a brief review of experimental strategies for determining the mechanisms of superconductivity and how neutron scattering contributed towards our understanding of conventional superconductors. The remai......Neutron scattering is a direct probe of mass and magnetization density in solids. We start with a brief review of experimental strategies for determining the mechanisms of superconductivity and how neutron scattering contributed towards our understanding of conventional superconductors....... The remainder of the article gives examples of neutron results with impact on the search for the mechanism of superconductivity in more recently discovered, 'exotic', materials, namely the heavy fermion compounds and the layered cuprates, (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved....

MgB2 superconducting wires basics and applications

CERN Document Server

2016-01-01

The compendium gives a complete overview of the properties of MgB2 (Magnesium Diboride), a superconducting compound with a transition temperature of Tc = 39K, from the fundamental properties to the fabrication of multifilamentary wires and to the presentation of various applications. Written by eminent researchers in the field, this indispensable volume not only discusses superconducting properties of MgB2 compounds, but also describes known preparation methods of thin films and of bulk samples obtained under high pressure methods. A unique selling point of the book is the detailed coverage of various applications based on MgB2, starting with MRI magnets and high current cables, cooled by Helium (He) vapor. High current cables cooled by liquid hydrogen are also highlighted as an interesting alternative due to the shrinking He reserves on earth. Other pertinent subjects comprise permanent magnets, ultrafine wires for space applications and wind generator projects.

The energizing of a NMR superconducting coil by a superconducting rectifier

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sikkenga, J.; ten Kate, H.H.J.; van der Klundert, L.J.M.; Knoben, J.; Kraaij, G.J.; Spuorenberg, C.J.G.

1985-01-01

NMR magnets require a good homogeneity within a certain volume and an excellent field stability. The homogeneity can be met using a superconducting shim coil system. The field stability requires a constant current, although in many cases the current decay time constant is too low, due to imperfections in the superconducting wire and joints. This can be overcome using a rectifier. The rectifier can also be used to load the coil. The combination and interaction of the superconducting NMR coil (2.0 Tesla and 0.35 m cold bore) and the rectifier (20 W / 1 kA) is tested. The safety of the system is discussed. The shim coil system can compensate the strayfield of the rectifier. The field decay compensation will be discussed

Improving superconducting properties of YBCO high temperature superconductor by Graphene Oxide doping

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dadras, S., E-mail: dadras@alzahra.ac.ir; Dehghani, S.; Davoudiniya, M.; Falahati, S.

2017-06-01

In this research, we report the synthesis and characterization of YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7-δ} (YBCO) high temperature superconductor prepared by sol-gel method and doped with Graphene Oxide (GO) in different weight percentages, 0, 0.1, 0.7 and 1 % wt. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the formation of orthorhombic phase of superconductivity for all the prepared samples. We found that GO doping reduces the crystalline size of the samples. We evaluated the effects of GO doping on the normal state resistivity (ρ), superconducting transition temperature (T{sub c}) and critical current density (J{sub c}). The results show that the GO doping has a positive effect on these properties. Also, the highest J{sub c} is obtained for the 0.7 %wt GO doped YBCO compound that its critical current density is about 15 times more than the J{sub c} of pure one in 0.4 T magnetic field. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis shows that there are better connections between the grains of GO doped samples. - Highlights: • Graphene Oxide doping increased the YBCO critical current density. • Graphene Oxide creates a better connection between the YBCO grains. • The normal resistivity of samples were decreased by GO doping to YBCO compounds. • Graphene Oxide doping has a positive effect on the critical transition temperature.

Superconducting magnets for a muon collider

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Green, M.A.

1996-01-01

The existence of a muon collider will be dependent on the use of superconducting magnets. Superconducting magnets for the μ - μ + collider will be found in the following locations: the π - π + capture system, the muon phase rotation system, the muon cooling system, the recirculating acceleration system, the collider ring, and the collider detector system. This report describes superconducting magnets for each of these sections except the detector. In addition to superconducting magnets, superconducting RF cavities will be found in the recirculating accelerator sections and the collider ring. The use of superconducting magnets is dictated by the need for high magnetic fields in order to reduce the length of various machine components. The performance of all of the superconducting magnets will be affected the energy deposited from muon decay products. (orig.)

Improvements in or relating to superconducting members and methods of manufacture thereof

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Madson, P.E.; Charlesworth, J.P.; Armstrong, D.

1975-01-01

Reference is made to superconducting materials having comparatively high critical temperatures and critical magnetic fields. Such materials include compounds of A15 crystal structure having the general formula A 3 B, where A is Nb or V and B is one or more of the elements Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge and Sn. A method for manufacturing such materials is described in BP 1 333 554. The present specification is concerned with 'stabilisation' of materials manufactured by the method described in the earlier specification. By 'stabilization' is here meant prrevention or reduction of the undesirable effects of sudden movement of magnetic flux, known as 'flux jumps'. Two methods of stabilization are combined in the same material, known respectively as 'filamentary stabilization', in which the superconducting material is present in the form of fine filaments in a normally conducting matrix, and 'dynamic stabilization', in which a proportion of the normally conducting matrix material takes the form of a material of high electrical conductivity, such as pure Cu. (G.B.)

Study of reticular defects in V3Si (A15 structure)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ben Lamine, Abdelmottaleb

1980-01-01

The A15 crystal structure is that of superconductive compounds with high critical temperature. This research thesis aims at studying its possible reticular defects. In a first part, the author presents this structure and more particularly its crystallographic properties, reports the indexing of electronic diffraction diagrams (point diagrams and line diagrams of Kikuchi) in the case of V 3 Si. Then, after having described the sample preparation technique, the author reports the study of reticular defects by high voltage electronic microscopy on a raw V 3 Si crystal. The existence of a specific defect is highlighted and the crystallographic study of this defect is reported. It has been performed by means of computer-based simulation of contrast (TWODIS software). Results are then discussed

Powder of a copper oxide superconductor precursor, fabrication process and use for the preparation of superconducting oxide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dehaudt, P.

1990-01-01

The precursor powder comprises at least a copper compound (hydroxide, oxide and hydroxynitrates), at least a rare earth and/or yttrium compound (nitrates, hydroxides and hydroxynitrates) or bismuth oxide and at least an alkaline earth nitrate. It can be prepared by atomization drying of a suspension a copper precipitate or coprecipitate and other elements of the superconducting oxide in solution [fr

Experimental and calculating study on the stressed state of superconducting coils of toroidal field in the T-15 tokamak

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vaulina, I.G.; Gusev, S.V.; Sivkova, G.N.

1987-01-01

Results of calculational and experimental atudy of stress-deformed state of superconducting coils of the T-15 tokamak toroidal field are presented. The calculations are made using the method of finite elements and refined theory of cores. Experimental studies were carried out using elastic tensometric model of polymer materials. Test results are compared with the calculational results. Divergence between calculational and experimental values of displacement of characteristic points in the unit does not exceed 20 %. Results of model studies confirm the expediency of the calculational model used for designing SOTP unit for the T-15 tokamak

Superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taylor, A.W.B.; Noakes, G.R.

1981-01-01

This book is an elementray introduction into superconductivity. The topics are the superconducting state, the magnetic properties of superconductors, type I superconductors, type II superconductors and a chapter on the superconductivity theory. (WL)

Magnetic nesting and co-existence of ferromagnetism and superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Elesin, V.F.; Kapaev, V.V.; Kopaev, Yu.V.

2004-01-01

In the case of providing for the magnetic nesting conditions of the electron spin dispersion law the co-existence of ferromagnetism and superconductivity is possible by any high magnetization. The co-existence of ferromagnetism and superconductivity in the layered cuprate compounds of the RuSr 2 GdCu 2 O 8 -type is explained on this basis, wherein due to the nonstrict provision of the magnetic nesting condition there exists the finite but sufficiently high critical magnetization [ru

Applied superconductivity

CERN Document Server

Newhouse, Vernon L

1975-01-01

Applied Superconductivity, Volume II, is part of a two-volume series on applied superconductivity. The first volume dealt with electronic applications and radiation detection, and contains a chapter on liquid helium refrigeration. The present volume discusses magnets, electromechanical applications, accelerators, and microwave and rf devices. The book opens with a chapter on high-field superconducting magnets, covering applications and magnet design. Subsequent chapters discuss superconductive machinery such as superconductive bearings and motors; rf superconducting devices; and future prospec

Conventional superconductivity at 203 K at high pressures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Drozdov, Alexander; Eremets, Mikhail; Troyan, Ivan [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Chemie, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, 55128 Mainz (Germany); Ksenofontov, Vadim; Shylin, Sergii [Institut fuer Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitet Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, 55099 Mainz (Germany)

2016-07-01

A search for high, room temperature conventional superconductivity is promising as the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory in the Eliashberg formulation puts no apparent limits on T{sub c}. Materials with light elements are especially favorable as they provide high frequencies in the phonon spectrum. However only a moderately high T{sub c} = 39 K has been found in this search in MgB{sub 2}. We systematically studied metallic hydrogen and covalent hydrogen dominant compounds and found the record T{sub c} of 203 K at pressure 140 GPa in sulfur hydride. We proved occurrence of superconductivity by the sharp drop of the resistivity to zero; the decrease of T{sub c} with magnetic field; the pronounce isotope shift of T{sub c} in D{sub 2}S which evidences of a major role of phonons in the superconductivity; and the magnetic susceptibility measurements. The X-ray diffraction data confirmed that the superconductive phase has the predicted bcc structure. This phase can be considered as an atomic hydrogen superconductor stabilized by sulfur.

Interactions between superconductivity and quantum criticality in CeCoIn5, URhGe and UCoGe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Howald, L.

2011-01-01

The subject of this thesis is the analyze of the superconducting upper critical field (Hc2) and the interaction between superconductivity and quantum critical points (QCP), for the compounds CeCoIn 5 , URhGe and UCoGe. In CeCoIn 5 , study by mean of resistivity of the Fermi liquid domain allows us to localize precisely the QCP at ambient pressure. This analyze rule out the previously suggested pinning of Hc2(0) at the QCP. In a second part, the evolution of Hc2 under pressure is analyzed. The superconducting dome is unconventional in this compound with two characteristic pressures: at 1.6 GPa, the superconducting transition temperature is maximum but it is at 0.4 GPa that physical properties (maximum of Hc2(0), maximum of the initial slope dHc2/dT, maximum of the specific heat jump DC/C,... ) suggest a QCP. We explain this antagonism with pair-breaking effects in the proximity of the QCP. With these two experiments, we suggest a new phase diagram for CeCoIn 5 . In a third part, measurements of thermal conductivity on URhGe and UCoGe are presented. We obtained the bulk superconducting phase transition and confirmed the unusual curvature of the slope dHc2/dT observed by resistivity. The temperatures and fields dependence of thermal conductivity allow us to identify a non-electronic contribution for heat transport down to the lowest temperature (50 mK) and probably associated with magnon or longitudinal fluctuations. We also identified two different domains in the superconducting region, These domains are compatible with a two bands model for superconductivity. Thermopower measurements on UCoGe reveal a strong anisotropy to current direction and several anomaly under field applied in the b direction. We suggest a Lifshitz transition to explain our observations in these two compounds. (author) [fr

Centenary of the discovery of superconductivity

CERN Multimedia

Anaïs Vernède

2011-01-01

To mark the centenary of the discovery of the phenomenon of superconductivity, MANEP and the University of Geneva are organising open days at the PhysiScope between 8 and 15 April 2011. On 13 April CERN will make a contribution to the series of events with a lecture on superconductivity followed by a demonstration of the phenomenon at the Globe   Historic graph showing the superconducting transition of mercury, measured in Leiden in 1911 by H. Kamerlingh Onnes. On 8 April 2011 it will be a hundred years since the discovery of superconductivity by the Dutch physicist Kamerlingh Onnes. To mark the occasion, the University of Geneva and MANEP are organising a week-long interactive workshop at the PhysiScope. “The purpose of this initiative is to introduce the general public to this spectacular phenomenon by giving them an opportunity to take part in entertaining experiments”, explains Adriana Aleman, Head of Communications of the University of Geneva. As its contribution to the e...

Phase identification and superconducting transitions in Sr-doped Pr1.85Ce0.15CuO4+δ

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Varela, A.; Vallet-Regi, M.; Gonazalez-Calbet, J.M.

1997-01-01

Sr-doped Pr 1.85 Ce 0.15 CuO 4+δ samples have been prepared with accurate control of the oxygen content. The stability of both T ' and T * phases is strongly dependent on Sr and oxygen content. An electron diffraction study indicates that, in some cases, anionic vacancies are ordered leading to a pseudo-tetragonal superlattice with unit cell parameters 2√2a t xc t . Structural transitions and superconducting phases created by hole doping in such a system are also reported. copyright 1997 Materials Research Society

Ac loss measurements on a superconducting transformer for a 25 kA superconducting rectifier

NARCIS (Netherlands)

ten Kate, Herman H.J.; Mulders, J.M.; de Reuver, J.L.; van de Klundert, L.J.M.

1984-01-01

Ac loss measurements have been performed on a superconducting transformer. The transformer is a part of a 25 kA thermally switched superconducting rectifier operating at a frequency of 0.1 Hz. The loss measurements have been automatized by means of a microcomputer sampling four relevant signals and

Superconductivity optimization and phase formation kinetics study of internal-Sn Nb{sub 3}Sn superconducting wires

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang, Chaowu

2007-07-15

Superconductors Nb{sub 3}Sn wires are one of the most applicable cryogenic superconducting materials and the best choice for high-field magnets exceeding 10 T. One of the most significant utilization is the ITER project which is regarded as the hope of future energy source. The high-Cu composite designs with smaller number of sub-element and non-reactive diffusion barrier, and the RRP (Restacked Rod Process) internal-Sn technology are usually applied for the wire manufacturing. Such designed and processed wires were supplied by MSA/Alstom and WST/NIN in this research. The systematic investigation on internal-Sn superconducting wires includes the optimization of heat treatment (HT) conditions, phase formation and its relation with superconductivity, microstructure analysis, and the phase formation kinetics. Because of the anfractuosity of the configuration design and metallurgical processing, the MF wires are not sufficient for studying a sole factor effect on superconductivity. Therefore, four sets of mono-element (ME) wires with different Sn ratios and different third-element addition were designed and fabricated in order to explore the relationship between phase formation and superconducting performances, particularly the A15 layer growth kinetics. Different characterization technic have been used (magnetization measurements, neutron diffraction and SEM/TEM/EDX analysis). The A15 layer thicknesses of various ME samples were measured and carried out linear and non-linear fits by means of two model equations. The results have clearly demonstrated that the phase formation kinetics of Nb{sub 3}Sn solid-state reaction is in accordance with an n power relation and the n value is increased with the increase of HT temperature and the Sn ratio in the wire composite. (author)

Theory of superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Crisan, M.

1988-01-01

This book discusses the most important aspects of the theory. The phenomenological model is followed by the microscopic theory of superconductivity, in which modern formalism of the many-body theory is used to treat most important problems such as superconducting alloys, coexistence of superconductivity with the magnetic order, and superconductivity in quasi-one-dimensional systems. It concludes with a discussion on models for exotic and high temperature superconductivity. Its main aim is to review, as complete as possible, the theory of superconductivity from classical models and methods up to the 1987 results on high temperature superconductivity. Contents: Phenomenological Theory of Superconductivity; Microscopic Theory of Superconductivity; Theory of Superconducting Alloys; Superconductors in a Magnetic Field; Superconductivity and Magnetic Order; Superconductivity in Quasi-One-Dimensional Systems; and Non-Conventional Superconductivity

Superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Andersen, N.H.; Mortensen, K.

1988-12-01

This report contains lecture notes of the basic lectures presented at the 1st Topsoee Summer School on Superconductivity held at Risoe National Laboratory, June 20-24, 1988. The following lecture notes are included: L.M. Falicov: 'Superconductivity: Phenomenology', A. Bohr and O. Ulfbeck: 'Quantal structure of superconductivity. Gauge angle', G. Aeppli: 'Muons, neutrons and superconductivity', N.F. Pedersen: 'The Josephson junction', C. Michel: 'Physicochemistry of high-T c superconductors', C. Laverick and J.K. Hulm: 'Manufacturing and application of superconducting wires', J. Clarke: 'SQUID concepts and systems'. (orig.) With 10 tabs., 128 figs., 219 refs

Study of the surface resistance of superconducting niobium films at 1.5 GHz

CERN Document Server

Benvenuti, Cristoforo; Campisi, I E; Darriulat, Pierre; Peck, M A; Russo, R; Valente, A M

1999-01-01

A systematic study of superconducting properties of niobium films sputtered on the inner wall of radiofrequency cavities is presented. The measured quantities include in particular the response to 1.5 GHz microwaves, the critical temperature, the penetration depth and the magnetic penetration field. In addition to films grown in different gas discharges (Xe, Kr, Ar and Ar/Ne mixtures) and to films grown on substrates prepared under different conditions, the study also includes bulk niobium cavities. The surface resistance is analysed in terms of its dependence on temperature, on RF field and, when relevant, on the density of trapped fluxons. A simple parameterisation is found to give a good fit to the data. Once allowance for the presence of impurities and defects is made by means of a single parameter, the electron mean free path, good agreement with BCS theory is observed. The fluxon-induced losses are studied in detail and their dependence on RF field, on temperature and on the density of trapped fluxons i...

Pressure-induced unconventional superconductivity near a quantum critical point in CaFe2As2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kawasaki, S; Tabuchi, T; Zheng Guoqing; Wang, X F; Chen, X H

2010-01-01

75 As-zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements are performed on CaFe 2 As 2 under pressure. At P = 4.7 and 10.8 kbar, the temperature dependencies of nuclear-spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T 1 ) measured in the tetragonal phase show no coherence peak just below T c (P) and decrease with decreasing temperature. The superconductivity is gapless at P = 4.7 kbar but evolves to that with multiple gaps at P = 10.8 kbar. We find that the superconductivity appears near a quantum critical point under pressures in the range 4.7 kbar ≤ P ≤ 10.8 kbar. Both electron correlation and superconductivity disappear in the collapsed tetragonal phase. A systematic study under pressure indicates that electron correlations play a vital role in forming Cooper pairs in this compound.

Irradiation defects in the A-15 compounds V3Si and Nb3Ge: effects on superconducting and transport properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rullier-Albenque, F.

1984-11-01

In the first part the mechanisms of atomic displacements under electron irradiation in these diatomic ordered solids are studied. In the case of superconducting alloys, simultaneous measurements of electrical resistivity at 20 K and critical temperature allow to distinguish the influence of point defects created in each sub-lattice and antisite defects. The threshold energies have been determined. In the case of V 3 Si, Frenkel pairs have been characterized by their specific resistivities and the decrease of Tsub(c) by vanadium vacancies. The Tsub(c) results obtained on V 3 Si also reveal the existence of a threshold electron energy to produce antisite defects. The second part is a comparative study of irradiation effects in Nb 3 Ge with very different kinds of projectiles: 2.5 MeV electrons, fast neutrons or 100 MeV heavy ions (uranium fission fragments). For these three types of irradiation, resistivity and critical temperature damage can be described in terms of point defects: Frenkel pairs and antisite defects. In the third part we have studied the influence of 2.5 MeV electron or fission fragment-irradiation on the resistivity versus temperature curves of Nb 3 Ge. For both projectiles, negative temperature coefficients of resistivity drho)/dT, were measured and correlated with resistivity at 280 K and 25 K. These anomalous transport properties are related to an electron localization process assisted by electron-phonon and electron-electron interaction [fr

Superconductivity in the Sr-Ca-Cu-O system and the phase with infinite-layer structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shaked, H.; Shimakawa, Y.; Hunter, B.A.; Hitterman, R.L.; Jorgensen, J.D.; Han, P.D.; Payne, D.A.

1995-01-01

Superconductivity and structure in samples of (Sr,Ca)CuO 2 with the infinite-layer structure, prepared by high-pressure synthesis, have been studied using magnetic susceptibility measurements, small angle x-ray diffraction, and neutron diffraction. It is found that the superconducting (T c ∼100 K) samples in this system are phase impure and contain, in addition to the infinite-layer phase, members of the two homologous series Sr n-1 Cu n+1 O 2n (n=3,5,...; orthorhombic), and Sr n+1 Cu n O 2n+1+δ (n=1,2,...; tetragonal), as minor phases. Samples with larger phase fractions of the Sr n+1 Cu n O 2n+1+δ compounds showed higher superconducting fractions. Phase-pure infinite-layer samples are not superconducting. Based on these results, and results previously published in the literature, it is proposed that the superconductivity in these infinite-layer samples comes from the tetragonal Sr n+1 Cu n O 2n+1+δ compounds, not from the phase with the infinite-layer structure

Progress in heavy-fermion superconductivity. Ce115 and related materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thompson, Joe D.; Fisk, Zachary

2012-01-01

Ce115 and related Ce compounds are particularly suited to detailed studies of the interplay of antiferromagnetic order, unconventional superconductivity and quantum criticality due to their availability as high quality single crystals and their tunability by chemistry, pressure and magnetic field. Neutron-scattering, NMR and angle-resolved thermodynamic measurements have deepened the understanding of this interplay. Very low temperature experiments in pure and lightly doped CeCoIn 5 have elaborated the FFLO-like magnetic state near the field-induced quantum-critical point. New, related superconducting materials have broadened the phase space for discovering underlying principles of heavy-fermion superconductivity and its relationship to nearby states. (author)

Magnetism and unconventional superconductivity in CenMmIn3n+2m heavy-fermion crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thompson, J.D.; Nicklas, M.; Bianchi, A.; Movshovich, R.; Llobet, A.; Bao, W.; Malinowski, A.; Hundley, M.F.; Moreno, N.O.; Pagliuso, P.G.; Sarrao, J.L.; Nakatsuji, S.; Fisk, Z.; Borth, R.; Lengyel, E.; Oeschler, N.; Sparn, G.; Steglich, F.

2003-01-01

We review magnetic, superconducting and non-Fermi-liquid properties of the structurally layered heavy-fermion compounds Ce n M m In 3n+2m (M=Co,Rh,Ir). These properties suggest d-wave superconductivity and proximity to an antiferromagetic quantum-critical point

High-temperature superconductivity from fine-tuning of Fermi-surface singularities in iron oxypnictides

Science.gov (United States)

Charnukha, A.; Evtushinsky, D. V.; Matt, C. E.; Xu, N.; Shi, M.; Büchner, B.; Zhigadlo, N. D.; Batlogg, B.; Borisenko, S. V.

2015-12-01

In the family of the iron-based superconductors, the REFeAsO-type compounds (with RE being a rare-earth metal) exhibit the highest bulk superconducting transition temperatures (Tc) up to 55 K and thus hold the key to the elusive pairing mechanism. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the intrinsic electronic structure of SmFe0.92Co0.08AsO (Tc = 18 K) is highly nontrivial and consists of multiple band-edge singularities in close proximity to the Fermi level. However, it remains unclear whether these singularities are generic to the REFeAsO-type materials and if so, whether their exact topology is responsible for the aforementioned record Tc. In this work, we use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) to investigate the inherent electronic structure of the NdFeAsO0.6F0.4 compound with a twice higher Tc = 38 K. We find a similarly singular Fermi surface and further demonstrate that the dramatic enhancement of superconductivity in this compound correlates closely with the fine-tuning of one of the band-edge singularities to within a fraction of the superconducting energy gap Δ below the Fermi level. Our results provide compelling evidence that the band-structure singularities near the Fermi level in the iron-based superconductors must be explicitly accounted for in any attempt to understand the mechanism of superconducting pairing in these materials.

Magnetic order close to superconductivity in the iron-based layered LaO1-xFxFeAs systems

Science.gov (United States)

de La Cruz, Clarina; Huang, Q.; Lynn, J. W.; Li, Jiying; , W. Ratcliff, II; Zarestky, J. L.; Mook, H. A.; Chen, G. F.; Luo, J. L.; Wang, N. L.; Dai, Pengcheng

2008-06-01

Following the discovery of long-range antiferromagnetic order in the parent compounds of high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) copper oxides, there have been efforts to understand the role of magnetism in the superconductivity that occurs when mobile `electrons' or `holes' are doped into the antiferromagnetic parent compounds. Superconductivity in the newly discovered rare-earth iron-based oxide systems ROFeAs (R, rare-earth metal) also arises from either electron or hole doping of their non-superconducting parent compounds. The parent material LaOFeAs is metallic but shows anomalies near 150K in both resistivity and d.c. magnetic susceptibility. Although optical conductivity and theoretical calculations suggest that LaOFeAs exhibits a spin-density-wave (SDW) instability that is suppressed by doping with electrons to induce superconductivity, there has been no direct evidence of SDW order. Here we report neutron-scattering experiments that demonstrate that LaOFeAs undergoes an abrupt structural distortion below 155K, changing the symmetry from tetragonal (space group P4/nmm) to monoclinic (space group P112/n) at low temperatures, and then, at ~137K, develops long-range SDW-type antiferromagnetic order with a small moment but simple magnetic structure. Doping the system with fluorine suppresses both the magnetic order and the structural distortion in favour of superconductivity. Therefore, like high-Tc copper oxides, the superconducting regime in these iron-based materials occurs in close proximity to a long-range-ordered antiferromagnetic ground state.

Synthesis and study of the magnetic properties of thallium-based over-doped superconducting compounds; Synthese et etude des proprietes magnetiques des composes supraconducteurs surdopes a base de thallium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Opagiste, C.

1994-07-01

The synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of the normal and superconducting states of over-doped Tl{sub 2} Ba{sub 2} Cu O{sub 6{+-}x} and Tl{sub 2} Ba{sub 2} Ca Cu{sub 2} O{sub 8{+-}x} superconducting compounds, are presented. Synthesis under high pressure using Tl{sub 2} Ba{sub 2} O{sub 5} as a precursor avoids thallium losses and Ba Cu O{sub 2} formation. The entire over-doped region has been investigated (Tc ranging from 0 to 92 K) and the different stability zones for the two crystallographic structures have been explored. The orthorhombic structure is shown to be stoichiometric in cations, while the tetragonal one could present thallium deficiency. Clear correlations have been established between Tc and the lattice parameters for the two phases. It has been observed that the Meissner fraction increased with Tc and that the reversibility domain was more extended for samples having a Tc near the maximal value, which must be linked to the decrease of the anisotropy with over-doping. In the reversible regime, the mixed state is affected by thermal fluctuations around Tc. Evolution of the penetration depth with Tc is examined; it shows that the optimum doped compound (maximal Tc) behaves as a BCS type superconductor. The over-doping results in a penetration depth behaviour which strongly deviates from the standard model (BCS, two fluids). The zero temperature, obtained by extrapolation, seems to be independent of the over-doping. 54 figs., 3 tabs., 168 refs.

Current leads for superconducting magnets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ishibashi, Kenji

1989-01-01

Current leads for superconducting magnets have been studied since 1960's. The technology of current leads may seem to have been established both in theory and experiment before the middle of 1970's. Nevertheless, a wide variety of superconducting magnets have been introduced in the last 15 years, and the demands for special current leads have increased in accordance to the variety. A steady advance has been made in the design theory and fabrication of current leads. This paper describes the recent current lead technology regarding the design theory, safety in accidents, and high current capability. (author)

Laboratory report on RF superconductivity at Peking University

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kui, Zhao; Baocheng, Zhang; Lifang, Wang; Jin, Yu; Rongli, Geng; Genfa, Wu; Tong, Wang; Jinhu, Song; Chia-erh, Chen

1996-01-01

The activities on RF superconductivity at Peking University in the past two years are reported. Two 1.5 GHz Nb cavities were successfully fabricated using Chinese Nb sheets in 1994. One of the cavities has been measured, and the results are given. A laser driven DC electron gun has been designed and constructed which is the pre-testing device of photo-electron gun using superconducting cavity. A series of experiments on the cathode and cavity will be performed in the near future. Two superconducting accelerating devices are being considered for two projects in China. (R.P.)

Development of an 18 GHz superconducting electron cyclotron resonance ion source at RCNP.

Science.gov (United States)

Yorita, Tetsuhiko; Hatanaka, Kichiji; Fukuda, Mitsuhiro; Kibayashi, Mitsuru; Morinobu, Shunpei; Okamura, Hiroyuki; Tamii, Atsushi

2008-02-01

An 18 GHz superconducting electron cyclotron resonance ion source has recently been developed and installed in order to extend the variety and the intensity of ions at the RCNP coupled cyclotron facility. Production of several ions such as O, N, Ar, Kr, etc., is now under development and some of them have already been used for user experiments. For example, highly charged heavy ion beams like (86)Kr(21+,23+) and intense (16)O(5+,6+) and (15)N(6+) ion beams have been provided for experiments. The metal ion from volatile compounds method for boron ions has been developed as well.

Superconductivity

CERN Document Server

Poole, Charles P; Farach, Horacio A

1995-01-01

Superconductivity covers the nature of the phenomenon of superconductivity. The book discusses the fundamental principles of superconductivity; the essential features of the superconducting state-the phenomena of zero resistance and perfect diamagnetism; and the properties of the various classes of superconductors, including the organics, the buckministerfullerenes, and the precursors to the cuprates. The text also describes superconductivity from the viewpoint of thermodynamics and provides expressions for the free energy; the Ginzburg-Landau and BCS theories; and the structures of the high

Problems of high temperature superconductivity in three-dimensional systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Geilikman, B T

1973-01-01

A review is given of more recent papers on this subject. These papers have dealt mainly with two-dimensional systems. The present paper extends the treatment to three-dimensional systems, under the following headings: systems with collective electrons of one group and localized electrons of another group (compounds of metals with non-metals-dielectrics, organic substances, undoped semiconductors, molecular crystals); experimental investigations of superconducting compounds of metals with organic compounds, dielectrics, semiconductors, and semi-metals; and systems with two or more groups of collective electrons. Mechanics are considered and models are derived. 86 references.

Superconductivity near ferromagnetism in MgCNi3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rosner, H.; Weht, R.; Johannes, M.; Pickett, W.E.; Tosatti, E.

2001-06-01

Superconductivity and ferromagnetism have been believed to be incompatible over any extended temperature range until certain specific examples - RuSr 2 GdCu 2 O 8 and UGe 2 - have arisen in the past 2-3 years. The discovery of superconductivity above 8 K in MgCNi 3 , which is primarily the ferromagnetic element Ni and is strongly exchange-enhanced, provides a probable new and different example. This compound is shown here to be near ferromagnetism, requiring only hole-doping by 12% substitution of Mg by Na or Li. This system will provide the means to probe coupling, and possible coexistence, of these two forms of collective behavior without the requirement of pressure. (author)

Superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Caruana, C.M.

1988-01-01

Despite reports of new, high-temperature superconductive materials almost every day, participants at the First Congress on Superconductivity do not anticipate commercial applications with these materials soon. What many do envision is the discovery of superconducting materials that can function at much warmer, perhaps even room temperatures. Others hope superconductivity will usher in a new age of technology as semiconductors and transistors did. This article reviews what the speakers had to say at the four-day congress held in Houston last February. Several speakers voiced concern that the Reagan administration's apparent lack of interest in funding superconductivity research while other countries, notably Japan, continue to pour money into research and development could hamper America's international competitiveness

Micro-pulse polarization lidar at 1.5  μm using a single superconducting nanowire single-photon detector.

Science.gov (United States)

Qiu, Jiawei; Xia, Haiyun; Shangguan, Mingjia; Dou, Xiankang; Li, Manyi; Wang, Chong; Shang, Xiang; Lin, Shengfu; Liu, Jianjiang

2017-11-01

An all-fiber, eye-safe and micro-pulse polarization lidar is demonstrated with a polarization-maintaining structure, incorporating a single superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) at 1.5 μm. The time-division multiplexing technique is used to achieve a calibration-free optical layout. A single piece of detector is used to detect the backscatter signals at two orthogonal states in an alternative sequence. Thus, regular calibration of the two detectors in traditional polarization lidars is avoided. The signal-to-noise ratio of the lidar is guaranteed by using an SNSPD, providing high detection efficiency and low dark count noise. The linear depolarization ratio (LDR) of the urban aerosol is observed horizontally over 48 h in Hefei [N31°50'37'', E117°15'54''], when a heavy air pollution is spreading from the north to the central east of China. Phenomena of LDR bursts are detected at a location where a building is under construction. The lidar results show good agreement with the data detected from a sun photometer, a 532 nm visibility lidar, and the weather forecast information.

Determination of copper oxidizing power in superconducting yttrium ceramics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pontaler, R.P.; Lebed', N.B.

1989-01-01

A new photometric method for determining the formal copper degree of oxidation and oxygen deficiency in superconducting high-temperature oxides containing yttrium, barium and copper is developed. The method is based on oxidation of Co(2) complex with EDTA by Cu(3) ions in acetrate buffer solution with pH 4.2-4.7 and allows one to determine 1-10% of Cu(3). Relative standard deviation when determining Cu(3) makes up 0.03-0.05. Using a qualitative reaction with the application of sodium vanadate hydrochloride solution the absence of peroxide compound in superconducting yttrium ceramics is ascertained

Contribution to the study of superconducting magnets using high transition temperature superconducting materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lecrevisse, Thibault

2012-01-01

The new industrial superconductors using high critical temperature compounds offer new possibilities for superconducting magnetism. Indeed they allow higher magnetic field with the same classical cryogenics at 4.2 K on one hand, and on the other hand they also pave the way for superconducting magnets working between 10 K and 30 K. The high temperature superconductors are then needed in order to produce magnetic fields higher than 16 T (case of HTS dipole insert for Large Hadron Collider at CERN) or to increase the specific density stored in one SMES (Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage, in the case of the SuperSMES ANR Project).Nevertheless the indisputable assets (critical temperature, critical magnetic field, mechanical stresses) brought by the use of High critical temperature superconductors like YBCO, used in superconducting magnets, require to solve some challenges. Their behavior is still badly understood, especially during the resistive transitions. To succeed in protecting these conductors we need a new reflection on protection schemes designed to avoid the thermal and mechanical damages. The answer to the question: 'Can we use those materials in the long run inside superconducting magnets?' is now inescapable.Some answers are given here. The use of the conductors is approached through various experimental studies to understand the material (electrical characterization and modeling of the critical surface) and to define the key stages of high critical temperature superconducting magnets manufacturing (work on the junctions between conductors and pancakes). This study led to the creation of two coils in order to identify the issues related to the use of YBCO tapes. A numerical thermo-electrical model of the high critical temperature superconductor has been developed and a numerical code based on the CEA software CASTEM (Finish Elements Model) allowed to study the resistive transition (or quench) behavior of those conductor and coil. The code has been

Plasma oxidation of the high T/sub c/ superconducting perovskites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bagley, B.G.; Greene, L.H.; Tarascon, J.; Hull, G.W.

1987-01-01

A near room-temperature plasma oxidation process is shown to restore superconductivity and metalliclike behavior in oxygen deficient La/sub 2-//sub x/ Sr/sub x/ CuO/sub 4-//sub y/ and YBa 2 Cu 3 O/sub 7-//sub x/ compounds. In the YBa 2 Cu 3 O/sub 7-//sub x/ compound the conversion from an oxygen deficient n-type tetragonal to the p-type orthorhombic phase with a concomitant factor of 5 x 10 5 increase in room-temperature conductivity is also accomplished. This process is of technological importance because oxygen can be restored in these materials at temperatures compatible with device processing. Of scientific interest, the process allows us to carefully control the oxidation state and thereby systematically study the 90 and 55 K superconducting transitions in YBa 2 Cu 3 O/sub 7-//sub x/

Superconducting characteristics of 4-Å carbon nanotube-zeolite composite

KAUST Repository

Lortz, Rolf W.

2009-04-15

We have fabricated nanocomposites consisting of 4-A carbon nanotubes embedded in the 0.7-nm pores of aluminophosphate- five (AFI) zeolite that display a superconducting specific heat transition at 15 K. MicroRaman spectra of the samples show strong and spatially uniform radial breathing mode (RBM) signals at 510 cm-1 and 550 cm-1, characteristic of the (4,2) and (5,0) nanotubes, respectively. The specific heat transition is suppressed at >2T, with a temperature dependence characteristic of finite-size effects. Comparison with theory shows the behavior to be consistent with that of a type II BCS superconductor, characterized by a coherence length of 14 ± 2 nm and a magnetic penetration length of 1.5 ± 0.7 μm. Four probe and differential resistance measurements have also indicated a superconducting transition initiating at 15 K, but the magnetoresistance data indicate the superconducting network to be inhomogeneous, with a component being susceptible to magnetic fields below 3 T and other parts capable of withstanding a magnetic field of 5Tor beyond.

Tuning the Superconducting Properties of Magnesium Diboride

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Theoderich Wilke, Rudeger Heinrich [Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)

2005-01-01

This work is presented in the following order: A review of the relevant physics and discussion of theoretical predictions for a two gap superconducting compound is given in chapter 2. Chapter 3 provides a review of the basic properties of MgB₂. Details of sample synthesis and characterization are given in chapter 4. Chapter 5 presents normal state and superconducting properties of Mg(B_1-xC_x)₂ wires. Attempts to increase critical current densities in filaments via titanium additions are discussed in chapter 6. In chapters 7 and 8 alternative methods for synthesizing doped MgB₂ powders are explored. In chapter 7 we synthesize Mg(B_1-xC_x)₂ up to x=0.069 using a mixture of Mg, B, and the binary compound B₄C. Chapter 8 explores an alternative method, plasma spray synthesis, to produce nanometer sized doped boron powders for powder-in-tube applications. The effects of neutron irradiation on pure MgB₂ wires is discussed in chapter 9. This is followed by a study of the effects of neutron irradiation on Mg(B_.962C_.038)₂ wires, presented in chapter 10. I will summarize the results of all of these studies in chapter 11 and discuss future directions for research in understanding the physics behind this novel material as well as its development for practical applications. In this thesis I have presented the results of investigations into the changes in the superconducting properties of MgB₂ as a function of carbon doping and neutron irradiation. The goal has been to understand the physics underlying this unique two-gap superconductor as different types of perturbations are made to the system. Such knowledge not only contributes to our understanding of two-gap superconductivity, but could potentially lead to the development of superconducting MgB₂ wires for the use in power applications near 20 K.

Electronic properties of rocksalt copper monoxide: a proxy structure for high temperature superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grant, Paul M

2008-01-01

Cubic rocksalt copper monoxide, in contrast to its lighter transition metal neighbours, does not exist in nature nor has it yet been successfully synthesized. Nonetheless, its numerical study as a structurally much simpler proxy for the layered cuprate perovskites may prove useful in probing the source of high temperature superconductivity in the latter family of compounds. Here we report such a study employing density functional theory (DFT) abetted by the local density approximation including cation on-site Hubbard interactions (LDA+U). Rather surprisingly, we find that unlike oxides of the light transition metals, cubic CuO remains metallic for all physically reasonable values of U and does not result in a Mott- Hubbard induced charge transfer insulator as might be expected, and, in fact, displays a Fermi surface with clearly nesting tendencies. Preliminary calculations of the net dimensionless electron-phonon coupling constant, λ, yield values in the range 0.6 - 0.7 similar to those found for the superconducting fullerenes and magnesium diboride. On the other hand, we do find as we gradually introduce a tetragonal distortion away from pure cubic symmetry that a charge- transfer insulator emerges for values of U ∼ 5 eV and c/a ∼ 1.3 in agreement with recent experimental data on forced-epitaxial growth of 2-4 ML thick films of tetragonal rocksalt CuO. We preliminarily conclude from these computational studies that high temperature superconductivity in the copper oxide compounds is at least initially mediated by Jahn-Teller driven electron-phonon coupling as originally suggested by Bednorz and Mueller.

Synthesis and characterization of YBaCu2O5-δ compound

Science.gov (United States)

Ehsandoust, A.; Sandoghchi, M.; Mokhtari, P.; Akhavan, M.

2018-05-01

YBaCu2O5 compound as one of the possible microstructures of Y3Ba5Cu8O19 has been synthesized. The X-ray diffraction analysis of this compound indicates that its formation is accompanied with the formation of YBa2Cu3O7-δ. The observed superconductivity around ∼92 K supports this. So, it seems that YBa2Cu3O7-δ is responsible for the observed superconductivity in YBaCu2O5, and this phase is not an independent superconducting phase. Consequently, the overall effect of the YBaCu2O5 formation during the Y3Ba5Cu8O19 fabrication process could be a reduction in Tc.

Fluctuation model of organic superconductivity: Internal inconsistencies and contradictory experimental evidence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kwak, J.F.

1983-01-01

Internal inconsistencies in the scheme of large superconducting fluctuations, as applied to the superconducting (TMTSF) 2 X compounds (ditetramethyltetraselenafulvalenium salts), are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the assumption of very small interchain coupling is self-contradictory. These materials are actually best regarded as (anisotropic) three-dimensional superconductors. The fluctuation scheme does not provide a consistent interpretation of the data, but is in fact contradicted by many key measurements, including the thermal conductivity, heat capacity, conductivity anisotropy, and critical-field anisotropy

Superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Onnes, H.K.

1988-01-01

The author traces the development of superconductivity from 1911 to 1986. Some of the areas he explores are the Meissner Effect, theoretical developments, experimental developments, engineering achievements, research in superconducting magnets, and research in superconducting electronics. The article also mentions applications shown to be technically feasible, but not yet commercialized. High-temperature superconductivity may provide enough leverage to bring these applications to the marketplace

Niobium superconducting cavity

CERN Multimedia

CERN PhotoLab

1980-01-01

This 5-cell superconducting cavity, made from bulk-Nb, stems from the period of general studies, not all directed towards direct use at LEP. This one is dimensioned for 1.5 GHz, the frequency used at CEBAF and also studied at Saclay (LEP RF was 352.2 MHz). See also 7908227, 8007354, 8209255, 8210054, 8312339.

Characterization of a superconducting Pb photocathode in a superconducting rf photoinjector cavity

CERN Document Server

Barday, R; Jankowiak, A; Kamps, T; Knobloch, J; Kugeler, O; Matveenko, A; Neumann, A; Schmeißer, M; Volker, J; Kneisel, P; Nietubyc, R; Schubert S; Smedley J; Sekutowicz, J; Will, I

2014-01-01

Photocathodes are a limiting factor for the next generation of ultrahigh brightness photoinjectors. We studied the behavior of a superconducting Pb cathode in the cryogenic environment of a superconducting rf gun cavity to measure the quantum efficiency, its spatial distribution, and the work function. We will also discuss how the cathode surface contaminants modify the performance of the photocathode as well as the gun cavity and we discuss the possibilities to remove these contaminants.

A review of basic phenomena and techniques for sputter-deposition of high temperature superconducting films

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Auciello, O. (Microelectronics Center of North Carolina, Research Triangle Park, NC (USA) North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (USA). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering); Ameen, M.S.; Kingon, A.I.; Lichtenwalner, D.J. (North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (USA). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering); Krauss, A.R. (Argonne National Lab., IL (USA))

1990-01-01

The processes involved in plasma and ion beam sputter-deposition of high temperature superconducting thin films are critically reviewed. Recent advances in the development of these techniques are discussed in relation to basic physical phenomena, specific to each technique, which must be understood before high quality films can be produced. Control of film composition is a major issue in sputter-deposition of multicomponent materials. Low temperature processing of films is a common goal for each technique, particularly in relation to integrating high temperature superconducting films with the current microelectronics technology. It has been understood for some time that for Y{sub 1}Ba{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7} deposition, the most intensely studied high-{Tc} compound, incorporation of sufficient oxygen into the film during deposition is necessary to produce as-deposited superconducting films at relatively substrate temperatures. Recent results have shown that with the use of suitable buffer layers, high quality Y{sub 1}Ba{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7} sputtered films can be obtained on Si substrates without the need for post-deposition anneal processing. This review is mainly focussed on issues related to sputter-deposition of Y{sub 1}Ba{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7} thin films, although representative results concerning the bismuth and thallium based compounds are included. 143 refs., 11 figs.

Unconventional superconductivity in PuRhGa5: Ga NMR/NQR study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sakai, H.; Tokunaga, Y.; Fujimoto, T.; Kambe, S.; Walstedt, R.E.; Yasuoka, H.; Aoki, D.; Homma, Y.; Yamamoto, E.; Nakamura, A.; Shiokawa, Y.; Nakajima, K.; Arai, Y.; Matsuda, T.D.; Haga, Y.; Onuki, Y.

2006-01-01

69,71 Ga NMR/NQR studies have been performed on a single crystal of the transuranium superconductor PuRhGa 5 with T c ∼9K. The spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T 1 reveals that PuRhGa 5 is an unconventional superconductor having an anisotropic superconducting gap. Moreover, Korringa behavior (1/T 1 T=const.) is observed in the normal state below ∼30K. This result suggests that the superconductivity sets in after the formation of a Fermi liquid state in this compound

Interface superconductivity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gariglio, S., E-mail: stefano.gariglio@unige.ch [DQMP, Université de Genève, 24 Quai E.-Ansermet, CH-1211 Genève (Switzerland); Gabay, M. [Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Bat 510, Université Paris-Sud 11, Centre d’Orsay, 91405 Orsay Cedex (France); Mannhart, J. [Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart (Germany); Triscone, J.-M. [DQMP, Université de Genève, 24 Quai E.-Ansermet, CH-1211 Genève (Switzerland)

2015-07-15

Highlights: • We discuss interfacial superconductivity, a field boosted by the discovery of the superconducting interface between LaAlO. • This system allows the electric field control and the on/off switching of the superconducting state. • We compare superconductivity at the interface and in bulk doped SrTiO. • We discuss the role of the interfacially induced Rashba type spin–orbit. • We briefly discuss superconductivity in cuprates, in electrical double layer transistor field effect experiments. • Recent observations of a high T{sub c} in a monolayer of FeSe deposited on SrTiO{sub 3} are presented. - Abstract: Low dimensional superconducting systems have been the subject of numerous studies for many years. In this article, we focus our attention on interfacial superconductivity, a field that has been boosted by the discovery of superconductivity at the interface between the two band insulators LaAlO{sub 3} and SrTiO{sub 3}. We explore the properties of this amazing system that allows the electric field control and on/off switching of superconductivity. We discuss the similarities and differences between bulk doped SrTiO{sub 3} and the interface system and the possible role of the interfacially induced Rashba type spin–orbit. We also, more briefly, discuss interface superconductivity in cuprates, in electrical double layer transistor field effect experiments, and the recent observation of a high T{sub c} in a monolayer of FeSe deposited on SrTiO{sub 3}.

A study on metastable superconducting magnets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koyama, Kenichi

1976-01-01

It is important to construct superconducting magnets as cheap as possible. One of the methods to achieve such a purpose is to save the superconducting material and operate the magnets at a high current density. Therefore it is useful to investigate the requirements for the operation of metastable superconducting magnets which can work at a current higher than the recovery current. Using the theory of flux jump, we introduce a ''stable current'' below which no flux jump can occur. On a rough approximation, it is given by I sub(s) =√A P sub(i) H sub(e) T sub(o) f(x)/rho where A : cross-section of the composite conductor. P sub(i) : total perimeter of all the superconducting cores. h sub(e) : effective heat transfer coefficient to the liquid helium through the stabilizer. T sub(o) : a characteristic temperature of the superconducting cores. f(x) : a characteristic function for the relative core radius x. rho : effective resistivity of the composite. Then it is shown that superconducting magnets can operate without unexpected normal transitions in the region enclosed by the two curves of I sub(s) and I sub(c). Next, we discuss the characteristics of our saddle shaped superconducting magnet for an one-KW MHD generator. We found that, 1) the magnet does safely operate in the metastable state; 2) the characteristics of the magnet are consistent with our theoretical results. (auth.)

Process for the manufacture of a superconductor with an intermetallic compound

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wilhelm, M.

1980-01-01

A superconductor with a superconducting intermetallic compound consisting of at least two elements can be manufactured by producing a conductor preproduct with a first component containing one element of the compound and a second component consisting of a carrier metal and the remaining element or elements of the alloy containing the compound, and by heat treating the conductor preproduct, so that the compound is formed by the reaction of the element of the first compound with the remaining element or elements of the second compound. In such a superconductor, one tries to increase the effective current density and critical current. The invention states that the heat treatment should be carried out in a hydrogen atmosphere. Superconductors produced by this process can be used for superconductor devices whose magnetic fields have a flux density above 10 Tesla. (orig.) [de

Ba9V3Se15: a novel compound with spin chains

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Jun; Liu, Min; Wang, Xiancheng; Zhao, Kan; Duan, Lei; Li, Wenmin; Zhao, Jianfa; Cao, Lipeng; Dai, Guangyang; Deng, Zheng; Feng, Shaomin; Zhang, Sijia; Liu, Qingqing; Yang, Yi-feng; Jin, Changqing

2018-05-01

In this work, a novel compound Ba9V3Se15 with one-dimensional (1D) spin chains was synthesized under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. It was systematically characterized via structural, magnetic, thermodynamic and transport measurements. Ba9V3Se15 crystallizes into a hexagonal structure with a space group of P-6c2 (188) and the lattice constants of a  =  b  =  9.5745(7) Å and c  =  18.7814(4) Å. The crystal structure consists of face-sharing octahedral VSe6 chains along c axis, which are trimeric and arranged in a triangular lattice in ab-plane. Ba9V3Se15 is a semiconductor and undergoes complex magnetic transitions. In the zero-field-cooled (ZFC) process with magnetic field of 10 Oe, Ba9V3Se15 sequentially undergoes ferrimagnetic and spin cluster glass transition at 2.5 K and 3.3 K, respectively. When the magnetic field exceeds 50 Oe, only the ferrimagnetic transition can be observed. Above the transition temperature, the specific heat contains a significant magnetic contribution that is proportional to T 1/2. The calculation suggests that the nearest neighbor (NN) intra-chain antiferromagnetic exchange J 1 is much larger than the next nearest neighbor (NNN) intra-chain ferromagnetic exchange J 2. Therefore, Ba9V3Se15 can be regarded as an effective ferromagnetic chains with effective spin-1/2 by the formation of the V(2)(↓) V(1)(↑) V(2)(↓) cluster.

Superconducting to spin-glass state transformation in β-pyrochlore KxOs2O6

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, C. C.; Lee, W. L.; Lin, J.-Y.; Tsuei, C. C.; Lin, J. G.; Chou, F. C.

2011-03-01

β-pyrochore KOs2O6, which shows superconductivity below ~9.7 K, has been converted into KxOs2O6 (x≲(2)/(3)-(1)/(2)) electrochemically to show spin-glass-like behavior below ~6.1 K. A room-temperature sample surface potential versus charge transfer scan indicates that there are at least two two-phase regions for x between 1 and 0.5. A rattling model of superconductivity for the title compound has been examined using electrochemical potassium de-intercalation. The significant reduction of superconducting volume fraction due to minor potassium reduction suggests the importance of defect and phase coherence in the rattling model. Magnetic susceptibility, resistivity, and specific heat measurement results have been compared between the superconducting and spin-glass-like samples.

Metastable superconducting alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Johnson, W.L.

1978-07-01

The study of metastable metals and alloys has become one of the principal activities of specialists working in the field of superconducting materials. Metastable crystalline superconductors such as the A15-type materials have been given much attention. Non-crystalline superconductors were first studied over twenty years ago by Buckel and Hilsch using the technique of thin film evaporation on a cryogenic substrate. More recently, melt-quenching, sputtering, and ion implantation techniques have been employed to produce a variety of amorphous superconductors. The present article presents a brief review of experimental results and a survey of current work on these materials. The systematics of superconductivity in non-crystalline metals and alloys are described along with an analysis of the microscopic parameters which underlie the observed trends. The unique properties of these superconductors which arise from the high degree of structural disorder in the amorphous state are emphasized

ac superconducting articles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meyerhoff, R.W.

1977-01-01

A noval ac superconducting cable is described. It consists of a composite structure having a superconducting surface along with a high thermally conductive material wherein the superconducting surface has the desired physical properties, geometrical shape and surface finish produced by the steps of depositing a superconducting layer upon a substrate having a predetermined surface finish and shape which conforms to that of the desired superconducting article, depositing a supporting layer of material on the superconducting layer and removing the substrate, the surface of the superconductor being a replica of the substrate surface

Low-temperature heat-capacity study of the U6X (XequivalentMn, Fe, Co, Ni) compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang, K.N.; Maple, M.B.; DeLong, L.E.; Huber, J.G.; Junod, A.

1989-01-01

Measurements of the superconducting- and normal-state heat capacity of U 6 X (XequivalentMn, Fe, Co, Ni) compounds have been performed over a temperature range 1 Kapprox. 6 X compounds have strong renormalizations of the free-carrier effective mass m/sup */ in the range 10m/sub e/approx. 6 X heat capacities suggest the presence of high densities of low-energy excitations of undetermined nature. The results are analyzed in terms of models appropriate to heavy-fermion liquids, and anisotropic or strong-coupled superconductors. The U 6 X compounds form a link between relatively low-m/sup */, high-transition-temperature A15 compounds and the more extreme examples of heavy-fermion superconductors such as UBe/sub 13/, UPt 3 , and CeCuSi 2 for which m/sup */∼10 2 m/sub e/. .AE

Competition/coexistence of magnetism and superconductivity in iron pnictides probed by muon spin rotation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takeshita, Soshi; Kadono, Ryosuke

2009-01-01

The presence of macroscopic phase separation into superconducting and magnetic phases in LaFeAsO 1-x F x and CaFe 1-x Co x AsF is demonstrated by muon spin rotation (μSR) measurement across their phase boundaries (x=0.06 for LaFeAsO 1-x F x and x=0.075-0.15 for CaFe 1-x Co x AsF). In LaFeAsO 0.94 F 0.06 , both magnetism and superconductivity develop simultaneously below a common critical temperature, T m ≅T c ≅18 K, where the magnetism is characterized by strong randomness. A similar, but more distinct segregation of these two phases is observed in CaFe 1-x Co x AsF, where the magnetic phase retains T m close to that of the parent compound (T c m ≅80-120 K) and the superconducting volume fraction is mostly proportional to the Co content x. The close relationship between magnetism and superconductivity is discussed based on these experimental observations. Concerning the superconducting phase, an assessment is made on the anisotropy of the order parameter in the superconducting state of LaFeAsO 1-x F x , CaFe 1-x Co x AsF and Ba 1-x K x Fe 2 As 2 (x=0.4) based on the temperature dependence of superfluid density [n s (T)] measured by μSR. The gap parameter, 2Δ/k B T c , determined from n s (T) exhibits a tendency that values in the hole-doped pnictides (Ba 1-x K x Fe 2 As 2 ) are much greater than those in electron-doped ones (LaFeAsO 1-x F x and CaFe 1-x Co x AsF), suggesting a difference in the coupling to bosons mediating the Cooper pairs between relevant d electron bands.

Additive scheme for calculation of solvation enthalpies of heterocyclic aromatic compounds. Sublimation/vaporization enthalpy at 298.15 K

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Solomonov, Boris N.; Nagrimanov, Ruslan N.; Mukhametzyanov, Timur A.

2016-01-01

Highlights: • Additivity scheme for solvation enthalpies estimation of heteroaromatic compounds was proposed. • Method for determination of vaporization/sublimation enthalpies directly at 298.15 K was developed. • Solution enthalpies of 25 heteroaromatic compounds were measured. • Vaporization/sublimation enthalpies of 44 heteroaromatic compounds were determined. • Obtained values are in good agreement with the results of conventional methods. - Abstract: Hereby we propose a method for determination of vaporization and sublimation enthalpies of heterocyclic and carbonyl-containing aromatic compounds at 298.15 K. According to this method vaporization and sublimation enthalpies at 298.15 K are determined based on enthalpies of solvation and solution. Solvation enthalpies of heteroatomatic and carbonyl-containing compounds are calculated using an additive scheme from the solvation enthalpy of closest aromatic hydrocarbon and contributions related to the exchange of CH-groups of hydrocarbon with corresponding substituent atoms or groups. Measured solution enthalpies together with calculated solvation enthalpies allowed to calculate corresponding vaporization and sublimation enthalpies at 298.15 K for a large number of heterocyclic and carbonyl-containing compounds. We have also found that in a number of cases instead of solution enthalpy in benzene at 298.15 K fusion enthalpy at the melting temperature can be used. Comparison between literature data and calculated vaporization and sublimation enthalpies demonstrates satisfactory performance of the proposed method.

Additive scheme for calculation of solvation enthalpies of heterocyclic aromatic compounds. Sublimation/vaporization enthalpy at 298.15 K

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Solomonov, Boris N., E-mail: boris.solomonov@kpfu.ru; Nagrimanov, Ruslan N.; Mukhametzyanov, Timur A.

2016-06-10

Highlights: • Additivity scheme for solvation enthalpies estimation of heteroaromatic compounds was proposed. • Method for determination of vaporization/sublimation enthalpies directly at 298.15 K was developed. • Solution enthalpies of 25 heteroaromatic compounds were measured. • Vaporization/sublimation enthalpies of 44 heteroaromatic compounds were determined. • Obtained values are in good agreement with the results of conventional methods. - Abstract: Hereby we propose a method for determination of vaporization and sublimation enthalpies of heterocyclic and carbonyl-containing aromatic compounds at 298.15 K. According to this method vaporization and sublimation enthalpies at 298.15 K are determined based on enthalpies of solvation and solution. Solvation enthalpies of heteroatomatic and carbonyl-containing compounds are calculated using an additive scheme from the solvation enthalpy of closest aromatic hydrocarbon and contributions related to the exchange of CH-groups of hydrocarbon with corresponding substituent atoms or groups. Measured solution enthalpies together with calculated solvation enthalpies allowed to calculate corresponding vaporization and sublimation enthalpies at 298.15 K for a large number of heterocyclic and carbonyl-containing compounds. We have also found that in a number of cases instead of solution enthalpy in benzene at 298.15 K fusion enthalpy at the melting temperature can be used. Comparison between literature data and calculated vaporization and sublimation enthalpies demonstrates satisfactory performance of the proposed method.

Magnetism and superconductivity in Ru{sub 1-x}Sr{sub 2}RECu{sub 2+x}O{sub 8-d} (RE=Gd, Eu) and RuSr{sub 2}Gd{sub 1-y}Ce{sub y}Cu{sub 2}O{sub 8} compounds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Klamut, P.W. [Dept. of Physics, Northern Illinois Univ., DeKalb, IL (United States)]|[Inst. of Low Temperature and Structure Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw (Poland); Dabrowski, B.; Mini, S.M.; Kolesnik, S.; Maxwell, M.; Mais, J. [Dept. of Physics, Northern Illinois Univ., DeKalb, IL (United States); Shengelaya, A.; Keller, H. [Physik-Inst., Univ. Zuerich, Zuerich (Switzerland); Khazanov, R. [Physik-Inst., Univ. Zuerich, Zuerich (Switzerland)]|[Lab. for Muon-Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Inst., Villigen PSI (Switzerland); Savic, I. [Physik-Inst., Univ. Zuerich, Zuerich (Switzerland)]|[Faculty of Physics, Univ. of Belgrade, Belgrade (Yugoslavia); Sulkowski, C.; Wlosewicz, D.; Matusiak, M. [Inst. of Low Temperature and Structure Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw (Poland); Wisniewski, A.; Puzniak, R.; Fita, I. [Inst. of Physics of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa (Poland)

2002-07-01

We discuss the properties of new superconducting compositions of ruthenocuprates Ru{sub 1-x}Sr{sub 2}RECu{sub 2+x}O{sub 8-d} (RE=Gd, Eu) that were synthesized at 600 atm. of oxygen at 1080 C. By changing ratio between the Ru and Cu, the temperature of superconducting transition (T{sub C}) raises up to T{sub C}{sup max} = 72 K for x=0.3, 0.4. The hole doping achieved along the series increases with Cu{yields}Ru substitution. For x {ne} 0, T{sub C} can be subsequently tuned between T{sub C}{sup max} and 0 K by changing oxygen content in the compounds. The magnetic characteristics of the RE=Gd and Eu based compounds are interpreted as indicative of constrained dimensionality of the superconducting phase. Muon spin rotation experiments reveal the presence of the magnetic transitions at low temperatures (T{sub m}=14-2 K for x=0.1-0.4) that can originate in the response of Ru/Cu sublattice. RuSr{sub 2}Gd{sub 1-y}Ce{sub 1-y}Cu{sub 2}O{sub 8} (0 {<=} y {<=} 0.1) compounds show the simultaneous increase of T{sub N} and decrease of T{sub C} with y. The effect should be explained by the electron doping that occurs with Ce{yields}Gd substitution. Properties of these two series allow us to propose phase diagram for 1212-type ruthenocuprates that links their properties to the hole doping achieved in the systems. Non-superconducting single-phase RuSr{sub 2}GdCu{sub 2}O{sub 8} and RuSr{sub 2}EuCu{sub 2}O{sub 8} are reported and discussed in the context of the properties of substituted compounds. (orig.)

Abrupt onset of a second energy gap at the superconducting transition of underdoped Bi2212

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hussain, Zahid; Lee, W.S.; Vishik, I.M.; Tanaka, K.; Lu, D.H.; Sasagawa, T.; Nagaosa, N.; Devereaux, T.P.; Hussain, Z.; Shen, Z.-X.

2007-05-26

he superconducting gap--an energy scale tied to the superconducting phenomena--opens on the Fermi surface at the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) in conventional BCS superconductors. In underdoped high-Tc superconducting copper oxides, a pseudogap (whose relation to the superconducting gap remains a mystery) develops well above Tc (refs 1, 2). Whether the pseudogap is a distinct phenomenon or the incoherent continuation of the superconducting gap above Tc is one of the central questions in high-Tc research3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Although some experimental evidence suggests that the two gaps are distinct9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, this issue is still under intense debate. A crucial piece of evidence to firmly establish this two-gap picture is still missing: a direct and unambiguous observation of a single-particle gap tied to the superconducting transition as function of temperature. Here we report the discovery of such an energy gap in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta in the momentum space region overlooked in previous measurements. Near the diagonal of Cu?O bond direction (nodal direction), we found a gap that opens at Tc and has a canonical (BCS-like) temperature dependence accompanied by the appearance of the so-called Bogoliubov quasi-particles, a classical signature of superconductivity. This is in sharp contrast to the pseudogap near the Cu?O bond direction (antinodal region) measured in earlier experiments19, 20, 21.

Superconductivity at 43K in SmFeAsO1-xFx

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, X. H.; Wu, T.; Wu, G.; Liu, R. H.; Chen, H.; Fang, D. F.

2008-06-01

Since the discovery of high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) superconductivity in layered copper oxides, extensive effort has been devoted to exploring the origins of this phenomenon. A Tc higher than 40K (about the theoretical maximum predicted from Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory), however, has been obtained only in the copper oxide superconductors. The highest reported value for non-copper-oxide bulk superconductivity is Tc = 39K in MgB2 (ref. 2). The layered rare-earth metal oxypnictides LnOFeAs (where Ln is La-Nd, Sm and Gd) are now attracting attention following the discovery of superconductivity at 26K in the iron-based LaO1-xFxFeAs (ref. 3). Here we report the discovery of bulk superconductivity in the related compound SmFeAsO1-xFx, which has a ZrCuSiAs-type structure. Resistivity and magnetization measurements reveal a transition temperature as high as 43K. This provides a new material base for studying the origin of high-temperature superconductivity.

Sweeping a persisting superconducting magnet with a transformer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spencer, G.F.; Alexander, P.W.; Ihas, G.G.

1982-01-01

A method for sweeping a persisting superconducting magnet is described. The field sweep is achieved by including in the superconducting loop of the magnet a coil which acts as the secondary coil of a transformer. Variation of the current in the primary coil of the transformer, controlled from outside the cryostat, causes the field-sweeping action through flux-linking with the superconducting loop. Compared to directly changing the current in a magnet, this technique improves control by the ratio of the magnet's inductance to the transformer's inductance. The advantages of using an all-metal vacuum-tight superconducting feedthrough are discussed. (author)

Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of superconducting members

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, J.A.; Madsen, P.E.; Hills, R.F.

1980-01-01

A method is described for the manufacture of superconducting members; more particularly of a superconducting member comprising a large number of fine superconductive filaments supported in an electrically conductive, non-superconductive matrix. The method embodies a superconductor of A 15 crystal structure having the general formula A 3 B (where A is a substrate metal (preferably niobium or vanadium) and B is one or more elements (e.g. tin, germanium) which when alloyed with A will form the superconductor). The method involves, as one step, forming an alloy of a carrier metal (e.g. copper) with the element B, and an essential condition of the method is that the phosphorus content of the alloy is less than 0.2 per cent by weight. (U.K.)

Superconductivity and the Periodic Table

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chapnik, I.M.

1985-01-01

In view of the inability of the present theory of superconductivity to make reliable predictions for the magnitude of Tsub(c) it seems useful to search for empirical relationships between the composition of the compound and the Tsub(c) value. Table I gives a list of the available Tsub(c) data for transition metals (TM) having from 3 to 9 outer electrons and Tsub(c) data for non-transition elements (NTE) of groups IIB, IIIB and IVB, including data for amorphous (Am) structures and structures (marked by triangles) obtained at high pressures. The analogous metals have therefore the same structure. In Tables II to IV the Tsub(c) data are presented for analogous compounds of NTE from IB - VIB group. Conclusions are presented. (author)

Superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kakani, S.L.; Kakani, Shubhra

2007-01-01

The monograph provides readable introduction to the basics of superconductivity for beginners and experimentalists. For theorists, the monograph provides nice and brief description of the broad spectrum of experimental properties, theoretical concepts with all details, which theorists should learn, and provides a sound basis for students interested in studying superconducting theory at the microscopic level. Special chapter on the theory of high-temperature superconductivity in cuprates is devoted

Technetium compounds and their field of application

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zaitseva, L.L.; Velichko, A.V.; Vinogradov, I.V.

1988-02-01

This chapter reviews the different applications of technetium and technetium compounds in catalysis, corrosion inhibition, superconductivity of technetium alloys, diagnostic techniques, radioisotope generators and radiopharmaceuticals. 649 refs [fr

Development and Characterization of P-doped Ba-122 Superconducting Tapes

KAUST Repository

Contarino, D.; Lö hnert, C.; Johrendt, D.; Genovese, Alessandro; Bernini, C.; Malagoli, A.; Putti, M.

2016-01-01

Among the recently discovered Fe-based superconducting compounds, the Ba-122 phase has proved to be the more attracting for the development of powder in tube (PIT) processed conductors. In fact, after some years of development, critical current

Design and manufacture of a large superconducting homopolar motor (and status of superconducting a.c. generator)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Appleton, A.D.

1983-01-01

This paper describes the design and manufacture of a large superconducting motor which, in the present time of financial restraints, is continuing at least to the point of having a completed cryostat with its superconducting winding operating with a dedicated helium refrigeration plant. Comments are also made on the superconducting a.c. generator project, although a final decision on the rating of a prototype and the approval of the funding has not yet been made, the selected rating is expected to be between 200 MW and 600 MW

One- and two-dimensional sublattices as preconditions for high-Tc superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krueger, E.

1989-01-01

In an earlier paper it was proposed describing superconductivity in the framework of a nonadiabatic Heisenberg model in order to interprete the outstanding symmetry proper ties of the (spin-dependent) Wannier functions in the conduction bands of superconductors. This new group-theoretical model suggests that Cooper pair formation can only be mediated by boson excitations carrying crystal-spin-angular momentum. While in the three-dimensionally isotropic lattices of the standard superconductors phonons are able to transport crystal-spin-angular momentum, this is not true for phonons propagating through the one- or two-dimensional Cu-O sublattices of the high-T c compounds. Therefore, if such an anisotropic material is superconducting, it is necessarily higher-energetic excitations (of well-defined symmetry) which mediate pair formation. This fact is proposed being responsible for the high transition temperatures of these compounds. (author)

Structural feature controlling superconductivity in compressed BaFe2As2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang, Wenge; Jia, Feng-Jiang; Tang, Ling-Yun; Tao, Qian; Xu, Zhu-An; Chen, Xiao-Jia

2014-01-01

Superconductivity can be induced with the application of pressure but it disappears eventually upon heavy compression in the iron-based parent compound BaFe 2 As 2 . Structural evolution with pressure is used to understand this behavior. By performing synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction measurements with diamond anvil cells up to 26.1 GPa, we find an anomalous behavior of the lattice parameter with a S shape along the a axis but a monotonic decrease in the c-axis lattice parameter with increasing pressure. The close relationship between the axial ratio c/a and the superconducting transition temperature T c is established for this parent compound. The c/a ratio is suggested to be a measure of the spin fluctuation strength. The reduction of T c with the further increase of pressure is a result of the pressure-driven weakness of the spin-fluctuation strength in this material

Novel structures and superconductivities of calcium–lithium alloys at high pressures: A first-principles study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xu, Ying, E-mail: xuying3270@cust.edu.cn; Chen, Changbo; Wang, Sihan; Sun, Xiuping

2016-06-05

Exposing a material to high pressures can fundamentally influence its crystal and electronic structure, leading to the formation of new materials with unique physical and chemical properties. Here, we have conducted a systematic search for Ca–Li alloys by using a global minima search based on particle-swarm optimization algorithm in combination with density functional theory calculations. We predict that Calcium and Lithium with a high Ca composition CaLi, Ca{sub 2}Li and Ca{sub 3}Li exist, and a strikingly decomposition-combination-decomposition oscillating behavior with pressure is revealed. All predicted Ca–Li compounds are metallic and good electron–phonon superconductors with transition temperatures (T{sub c}) of around 8–19 K. The superconductivity mainly originates from the low-energy Ca vibrations and the pressure dependence of T{sub c} is dominated by the phonon softening/hardening. - Highlights: • Three high Ca compositions of CaLi, Ca{sub 2}Li, and Ca{sub 3}Li alloys have been predicted. • High superconducting temperatures were predicted for Ca–Li alloys at high pressures. • The origin of the superconductivity is revealed. • The superconducting temperature increases with increasing pressures for Fd-3m CaLi. • The Fd-3m phase of CaLi is a potential high-temperature superconductor.

Novel structures and superconductivities of calcium–lithium alloys at high pressures: A first-principles study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xu, Ying; Chen, Changbo; Wang, Sihan; Sun, Xiuping

2016-01-01

Exposing a material to high pressures can fundamentally influence its crystal and electronic structure, leading to the formation of new materials with unique physical and chemical properties. Here, we have conducted a systematic search for Ca–Li alloys by using a global minima search based on particle-swarm optimization algorithm in combination with density functional theory calculations. We predict that Calcium and Lithium with a high Ca composition CaLi, Ca_2Li and Ca_3Li exist, and a strikingly decomposition-combination-decomposition oscillating behavior with pressure is revealed. All predicted Ca–Li compounds are metallic and good electron–phonon superconductors with transition temperatures (T_c) of around 8–19 K. The superconductivity mainly originates from the low-energy Ca vibrations and the pressure dependence of T_c is dominated by the phonon softening/hardening. - Highlights: • Three high Ca compositions of CaLi, Ca_2Li, and Ca_3Li alloys have been predicted. • High superconducting temperatures were predicted for Ca–Li alloys at high pressures. • The origin of the superconductivity is revealed. • The superconducting temperature increases with increasing pressures for Fd-3m CaLi. • The Fd-3m phase of CaLi is a potential high-temperature superconductor.

Multiple scattering theory for superconducting heterostructures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ujfalussy, Balazs [Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest (Hungary)

2016-07-01

We generalize the screened Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method for solving the corresponding Kohn-Sham-Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations for surfaces and interfaces. As an application of the theory, we study the quasiparticle spectrum of Au overlayers on a Nb(100) host. We find that within the superconducting gap region, the quasiparticle spectrum consists of Andreev bound states with a dispersion which is closely connected to the underlying electronic structure of the overlayer. We also find that the spectrum has a strongly k-dependent induced gap. The properties of the gap are discussed in relation to the thickness of the overlayer, and it is shown that certain states do not participate in the Andreev scattering process. From the thickness dependence of the gap size we calculate the superconducting critical temperature of Au/Nb(100) heterostructures what we compare with with experiments. Moreover, predictions are made for similar heterostructures of other compounds.

Density of states model for the lattice transformation in A-15 compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pietrass, B.; Handstein, A.; Behr, G.

1980-01-01

The cubic-tetragonal lattice transformation in A-15 compounds is described by an empirical model in which the density of states function near the Fermi energy is characterized by a two-parametric peak in addition to the constant part. Two types of peak splitting under tetragonal deformation are considered, leading to qualitatively different results about the phase transition. Results are given for the order parameter, the phase stability, the soft elastic modulus, and the paramagnetic spin susceptibility. Comparing with measurements of the magnetic susceptibility of V 3 Si single crystals near the phase transition a better agreement is obtained for a twofold degenerate density of states peak than for a threefold degenerate one. (author)

Superconductivity Engineering and Its Application for Fusion 3.Superconducting Technology as a Gateway to Future Technology

Science.gov (United States)

Asano, Katsuhiko

Hopes for achieving a new source of energy through nuclear fusion rest on the development of superconducting technology that is needed to make future equipments more energy efficient as well as increase their performance. Superconducting technology has made progress in a wide variety of fields, such as energy, life science, electronics, industrial use and environmental improvement. It enables the actualization of equipment that was unachievable with conventional technology, and will sustain future “IT-Based Quality Life Style”, “Sustainable Environmental” and “Advanced Healthcare” society. Besides coil technology with high magnetic field performance, superconducting electoronics or device technology, such as SQUID and SFQ-circuit, high temperature superconducting material and advanced cryogenics technology might be great significance in the history of nuclear fusion which requires so many wide, high and ultra technology. Superconducting technology seems to be the catalyst for a changing future society with nuclear fusion. As society changes, so will superconducting technology.

High-temperature superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ginzburg, V.L.

1987-07-01

After a short account of the history of experimental studies on superconductivity, the microscopic theory of superconductivity, the calculation of the control temperature and its possible maximum value are presented. An explanation of the mechanism of superconductivity in recently discovered superconducting metal oxide ceramics and the perspectives for the realization of new high-temperature superconducting materials are discussed. 56 refs, 2 figs, 3 tabs

Superconducting accelerator technology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grunder, H.A.; Hartline, B.K.

1986-01-01

Modern and future accelerators for high energy and nuclear physics rely increasingly on superconducting components to achieve the required magnetic fields and accelerating fields. This paper presents a practical overview of the phenomenon of superconductivity, and describes the design issues and solutions associated with superconducting magnets and superconducting rf acceleration structures. Further development and application of superconducting components promises increased accelerator performance at reduced electric power cost

High field superconducting magnets

Science.gov (United States)

Hait, Thomas P. (Inventor); Shirron, Peter J. (Inventor)

2011-01-01

A superconducting magnet includes an insulating layer disposed about the surface of a mandrel; a superconducting wire wound in adjacent turns about the mandrel to form the superconducting magnet, wherein the superconducting wire is in thermal communication with the mandrel, and the superconducting magnet has a field-to-current ratio equal to or greater than 1.1 Tesla per Ampere; a thermally conductive potting material configured to fill interstices between the adjacent turns, wherein the thermally conductive potting material and the superconducting wire provide a path for dissipation of heat; and a voltage limiting device disposed across each end of the superconducting wire, wherein the voltage limiting device is configured to prevent a voltage excursion across the superconducting wire during quench of the superconducting magnet.

Effects of calcium doping on the superconducting properties of top-seeded melt growth processed Y1.5Ba2-xCaxCu3Oy superconductors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, S.D.; Kim, H.J.; Park, B.J.; Han, Y.H.; Jun, B.-H.; Lee, J.S.; Kim, C.-J.

2011-01-01

We study effects of calcium doping in melt processed Y123 superconductors. We examine a superconducting transition temperature and current density. A transition temperature and current density decreases by calcium doping. Calcium doping leads to coarseing of Y211 particles. Y211 refining effect by CeO 2 is disappreared by calcium doping. The effect of calcium doping on the superconducting properties of top seeded melt growth (TSMG) processed Y 1.5 Ba 2-x Ca x Cu 3 O y superconductors was studied in terms of calcium content (X ca ). YBa 2-x Ca x Cu 3 O 7-δ (X ca = 0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.1, 0.3) powders were synthesized by the powder calcination method. YBa 2-x Ca x Cu 3 O 7-δ powders were mixed with 0.25 mole Y 2 O 3 powder and 1 wt.% CeO 2 as Y 2 BaCuO 5 (Y211) refiner, and finally made into Y 1 . 5 Ba 2-x Ca x Cu 3 O y (Y1.5) + 1 wt.% CeO 2 composition. The single Y123 growth on the top surface was observed up to X ca = 0.1, while the multiple Y123 growth was observed at X ca ≥ 0.1. The superconducting transition temperature (T c ) and critical current density (J c ) of TSMG processed Y1.5 samples were inversely proportional to X ca . The Y211 size increased with increasing X ca due to the enhancement of Y211 coarsening by calcium doping. No Y211 refining effect by CeO 2 was observed in the calcium doped samples. The T c and J c decrease by calcium doping are likely to be due to the calcium incorporation with the Y123 lattice and formation of coarse Y211 particles.

UPt3, heavy fermions and superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Visser, A. de.

1986-01-01

In this thesis an experimental study is presented of one of the heavy-fermion superconductors: UPt 3 (T c =0.5 K). The normal-state properties of this material are governed by pronounced spin-fluctuation effects. The unusual coexistence of spin-fluctuations and superconductivity is strongly suggestive for an unconventional type of superconductivity, mediated by spin-fluctuations instead of phonons, with the condensate formed out of odd-parity electron states. In the first chapter a general introduction is given to the field of the heavy-fermions. In the second chapter a theoretical background for the properties of UPt 3 is presented. Chapter 3 deals with the sample preparation and measuring techniques. In chapter 4 a series of experiments is presented on the normal-phase of UPt 3 , among which are studies of the specific heat, thermal expansion, sound velocity, magnetization, electrical resistivity, magnetoresistivity and magnetostriction. Also the influence of high-magnetic fields (35 T) and high-pressures (5 kbar) has been studied. The superconducting phase of UPt 3 has been discussed in chapter 5. In chapter 6 a series of pseudobinary U(Pt 1-x Pd x ) 3 compounds (x≤0.30) are studied. In the last chapter some final remarks and conclusions are presented. (Auth.)

State-of-the-art superconducting accelerator magnets

CERN Document Server

Rossi, L

2002-01-01

With the LHC the technology of NbTi-based accelerator magnets has been pushed to the limit. By operating in superfluid helium, magnetic fields in excess of 10 T have been reached in various one meter-long model magnets while full scale magnets, 15 meter-long dipoles, have demonstrated possibility of safe operation in the 8.3-9 tesla range, with the necessary, very tight, field accuracy. The paper reviews the key points of the technology that has permitted the construction of the largest existing superconducting installations (Fermilab, Desy and Brookhaven), highlighting the novelties of the design of the LHC dipoles, quadrupoles and other superconducting magnets. All together the LHC project will need more than 5000 km of fine filament superconducting cables capable of 14 kA @ 10 T, 1.9 K. (13 refs).

Impact of radiation exposure on mechanical and superconducting properties of Bi-2212 superconductor ceramics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Azlan Abdul Rahman; Nasri Abdul Hamid; Abdul Aziz Mohamed; Mohd Shahrul Nizam Abdullah; Samsul Isman; Hidayah Zainal

2013-01-01

Full-text: For practical applications of high-temperature superconductor ceramics, the compounds must be able to sustain extreme mechanical stress and external magnetic field. Bi-2212 superconductor is one of the existing superconductors that are commonly used in various applications. Improvement in the microstructure enhanced the connectivity of the adjacent grains within the superconducting grains, and as such improved the mechanical strength of the ceramics. The ability of the superconductor ceramics to sustain superconducting properties in external magnetic field is also required. The compounds must be able to maintain high transport critical current density (Jc) in magnetic field. Another potential application of superconductors is at the nuclear facilities. Thus, study on the impact of radiation exposure on the mechanical and superconducting properties is very important to gauge the viability of superconductor ceramics in such environment. In this study, the mechanical and superconducting properties between exposure and non-irradiated samples are compared. Characterization will be done by the temperature dependence on electrical resistance measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and measurements of transport critical current (Jc) dependence on temperature in magnetic field. (author)

Superconducting materials for particle accelerator magnets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Larbalestier, D.C.

1983-01-01

Present accelerator designs are clustered around a field of 5 Tesla with several future studies looking at the 8-to-10 Tesla range. There has also been some recent interest in low-field iron-dominated dipoles in which the superconductor will see a field of about 2 Tesla. The demands of this present range of interest can still be met, with the upper limit at about 10 Tesla, by the use of Nb-Ti (or Nb-Ti-Ta) or Nb 3 Sn. Both of these conductors are available in multifilamentary form from industrial sources and are suitable for accelerator magnets. The upper critical field and transition temperature of both types of composite cover the foreseeable range of demand for such magnets. There is no magical new composite on the horizon that is likely to replace Nb-Ti or Nb 3 Sn. One class of materials which has a potentially exciting prospect is that of the ternary molybdenum sulfides. These can have an upper critical field of greater than 50 T, which extends their superconductivity into field ranges unattainable with A15 compounds; the two drawbacks to such materials, however, are the amount of development needed to produce superconductors from them with useful current densities and the fact that it does not appear that they would offer any features not already possessed by Nb-Ti or Nb 3 Sn in the field range presently of interest to accelerator designers. Using this pragmatic approach, this paper addresses these and other superconducting composites in terms of their fabrication, their testing, the measurement aspects of their critical current densities, and other properties which are pertinent to their selection for particle accelerator magnet use

Ac superconducting articles and a method for their manufacture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meyerhoff, R.W.

1975-01-01

A novel ac superconducting article is described comprising a composite structure having a superconducting surface along with a high thermally conductive material wherein the superconducting surface has the desired physical properties, geometrical shape and surface finish produced by the steps of depositing a superconducting layer upon a substrate having a predetermined surface finish and shape which conforms to that of the desired superconducting article, depositing a supporting layer of material on the superconducting layer and removing the substrate, the surface of the superconductor being a replica of the substrate surface. (auth)

Color-symmetric superconductivity in a phenomenological QCD model

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bohr, Henrik; Providencia, C.; Providencia, J. da

2009-01-01

In this paper, we construct a theory of the NJL type where superconductivity is present, and yet the superconducting state remains, in the average, color symmetric. This shows that the present approach to color superconductivity is consistent with color singletness. Indeed, quarks are free...... in the deconfined phase, but the deconfined phase itself is believed to be a color singlet. The usual description of the color superconducting state violates color singletness. On the other hand, the color superconducting state here proposed is color symmetric in the sense that an arbitrary color rotation leads...

Superconducting technology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2010-01-01

Superconductivity has a long history of about 100 years. Over the past 50 years, progress in superconducting materials has been mainly in metallic superconductors, such as Nb, Nb-Ti and Nb 3 Sn, resulting in the creation of various application fields based on the superconducting technologies. High-T c superconductors, the first of which was discovered in 1986, have been changing the future vision of superconducting technology through the development of new application fields such as power cables. On basis of these trends, future prospects of superconductor technology up to 2040 are discussed. In this article from the viewpoints of material development and the applications of superconducting wires and electronic devices. (author)

Superconductivity, intergrain, and intragrain critical current densities of materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thompson, J.R.; Brynestad, J.; Kroeger, D.M.; Kim, Y.C.; Sekula, S.T.; Christen, D.K.; Specht, E.D.

1989-01-01

Bulk sintered and powdered samples of the high-temperature superconductive compounds Tl 2 Ca 2 Ba 2 Cu 3 O/sub 1+//sub δ/ (Tl-2:2:2:3) and Tl 2 Ca 2 Ba 2 Cu 2 O/sub 8+//sub δ/ (Tl-2:1:2:2) have been synthesized with phase purity of approximately 90%. The materials were characterized by x-ray-diffraction, metallographic, and electron microprobe analyses. The electronic and superconductive properties were investigated through measurement of the electrical resistivity and the critical current density J/sub c/ using transport methods and by extensive magnetization measurements. Primary results and conclusions are that (1) the intragrain J/sub c/ values were large, much larger than the transport values; (2) both sintered and powdered materials exhibited large flux creep; (3) and the J/sub c/ decreased exponentially with temperature. These features are qualitatively very similar to those found in the corresponding YBa 2 Cu 3 O/sub z/ (with z≅7) series of compounds

Superconductivity

CERN Document Server

Ketterson, John B

2008-01-01

Conceived as the definitive reference in a classic and important field of modern physics, this extensive and comprehensive handbook systematically reviews the basic physics, theory and recent advances in the field of superconductivity. Leading researchers, including Nobel laureates, describe the state-of-the-art in conventional and unconventional superconductors at a particularly opportune time, as new experimental techniques and field-theoretical methods have emerged. In addition to full-coverage of novel materials and underlying mechanisms, the handbook reflects continued intense research into electron-phone based superconductivity. Considerable attention is devoted to high-Tc superconductivity, novel superconductivity, including triplet pairing in the ruthenates, novel superconductors, such as heavy-Fermion metals and organic materials, and also granular superconductors. What’s more, several contributions address superconductors with impurities and nanostructured superconductors. Important new results on...

Superconducting magnet systems for MRI

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hawksworth, D.G.

1988-01-01

MRI is the first large scale commercial application of superconductivity and has not achieved the status of a mature industry with an annual turnover in the magnet industry alone in excess of $150M. Conservative estimates put the investment of the medical industry in MRI as a whole at more than a billion dollars. In the nine years since shipment of the first superconducting whole body imaging magnets of 0.3 Tesla field the standard product of the industry has become a system of 1 meter bore and field strength 0.5 Tesla to 1.5 Tesla. In this paper the evolution of present day MRI magnets from small bore but high field spectrometer magnets is reviewed and the direction of future developments discussed

Superconductivity revisited

CERN Document Server

Dougherty, Ralph

2013-01-01

While the macroscopic phenomenon of superconductivity is well known and in practical use worldwide in many industries, including MRIs in medical diagnostics, the current theoretical paradigm for superconductivity (BCS theory) suffers from a number of limitations, not the least of which is an adequate explanation of high temperature superconductivity. This book reviews the current theory and its limitations and suggests new ideas and approaches in addressing these issues. The central objective of the book is to develop a new, coherent, understandable theory of superconductivity directly based on molecular quantum mechanics.

Beating liquid helium: the technologies of cryogen-free superconducting magnets

Science.gov (United States)

Burgoyne, John

2015-03-01

Cryogen-free superconducting magnets have been available now for almost 15 years, but have only become standard commercial products in more recent years. In this review we will consider the pros and cons of ``dry'' design including superconducting wire development and selection, thermal budgeting, and the alternative methods for achieving magnet cooling.

Structural and superconducting properties of as-cast Nb3Al

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mondal, Puspen; Manekar, Meghmalhar; Roy, S.B.; Kumar, Ravi; Ganguli, Tapas

2007-01-01

We present the results of x-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements on the as-cast compound Nb 3 Al. X-ray diffraction shows the presence of the Al 5 Nb 3 Al phase along with a bcc Nb-Al solid solution. The average grain size of Nb 3 Al estimated from the line broadening is about 35 nm. Magnetization measurements show a superconducting transition temperature of about 16.8 K which is amongst the highest known T c for the as-cast sample. In the superconducting state, the sample shows interesting thermo-magnetic history effects in the temperature and field variation of magnetization. (author)

Effects of irradiation and mechanical stress on the superconducting properties of candidate magnet conductors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Snead, C.L. Jr.; Luhman, T.

1980-01-01

The effects of radiation damage on the superconducting critical properties of candidate magnet materials are reviewed. Neutron, and charged-particle irradiation results are covered. The discussion is restricted to effects in NbTi and the A15-compound superconductors. The utility of these conductors in radiation fields is first explored by defining the magnitude of critical-property changes with the fluence of various irradiating particles. The physical mechanisms that couple the irradiation defects to the observed critical-property changes are discussed. Annealing/recovery data on irradiated materials are included where they pertain to the understanding of the physical mechanisms involved, and thereby to the desirability of magnet annealing in actual operating circumstances

Superconductivity in LaCu 6 and possible applications

Science.gov (United States)

Herrmannsdörfer, Thomas; Pobell, Frank; Sebek, Josef; Svoboda, Pavel

2003-05-01

We have measured the ac susceptibility and resistivity of highly pure samples of the intermetallic compound LaCu6 down to ultralow temperatures. We have prepared the samples by arc melting of stoichiometric amounts of 99.99% La and 99.9999% Cu in a water-cooled copper crucible under Ar protective atmosphere and analysed them by X-ray diffraction and SQUID magnetometry. At T⩽Tc=0.16 K we observe a superconducting transition. Due to the manifold physical properties of isostructural ReCu6 compounds (e.g. RE = Ce: heavy fermion system, RE=Pr: hyperfine enhanced nuclear spin system, RE = Nd: electronic antiferromagnet), numerous studies of interplay phenomena may become possible in the quasibinary compounds RE1-xLaxCu6, respectively.

Superconducting inductive displacement detection of a microcantilever

Science.gov (United States)

Vinante, A.

2014-07-01

We demonstrate a superconducting inductive technique to measure the displacement of a micromechanical resonator. In our scheme, a type I superconducting microsphere is attached to the free end of a microcantilever and approached to the loop of a dc Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) microsusceptometer. A local magnetic field as low as 100 μT, generated by a field coil concentric to the SQUID, enables detection of the cantilever thermomechanical noise at 4.2 K. The magnetomechanical coupling and the magnetic spring are in good agreement with image method calculations assuming pure Meissner effect. These measurements are relevant to recent proposals of quantum magnetomechanics experiments based on levitating superconducting microparticles.

Weak antilocalization effect and noncentrosymmetric superconductivity in a topologically nontrivial semimetal LuPdBi

KAUST Repository

Xu, Guizhou; Wang, Wenhong; Zhang, Xiaoming; Du, Yin; Liu, Enke; Wang, Shouguo; Wu, Guangheng; Liu, Zhongyuan; Zhang, Xixiang

2014-01-01

A large number of half-Heusler compounds have been recently proposed as three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators (TIs) with tunable physical properties. However, no transport measurements associated with the topological surface states have been observed in these half-Heusler candidates due to the dominating contribution from bulk electrical conductance. Here we show that, by reducing the mobility of bulk carriers, a two-dimensional (2D) weak antilocalization (WAL) effect, one of the hallmarks of topological surface states, was experimentally revealed from the tilted magnetic field dependence of magnetoconductance in a topologically nontrivial semimetal LuPdBi. Besides the observation of a 2D WAL effect, a superconducting transition was revealed at T c ∼ 1.7â.K in the same bulk LuPdBi. Quantitative analysis within the framework of a generalized BCS theory leads to the conclusion that the noncentrosymmetric superconductivity of LuPdBi is fully gapped with a possibly unconventional pairing character. The co-existence of superconductivity and the transport signature of topological surface states in the same bulk alloy suggests that LuPdBi represents a very promising candidate as a topological superconductor.

Weak antilocalization effect and noncentrosymmetric superconductivity in a topologically nontrivial semimetal LuPdBi

KAUST Repository

Xu, Guizhou

2014-07-21

A large number of half-Heusler compounds have been recently proposed as three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators (TIs) with tunable physical properties. However, no transport measurements associated with the topological surface states have been observed in these half-Heusler candidates due to the dominating contribution from bulk electrical conductance. Here we show that, by reducing the mobility of bulk carriers, a two-dimensional (2D) weak antilocalization (WAL) effect, one of the hallmarks of topological surface states, was experimentally revealed from the tilted magnetic field dependence of magnetoconductance in a topologically nontrivial semimetal LuPdBi. Besides the observation of a 2D WAL effect, a superconducting transition was revealed at T c ∼ 1.7â.K in the same bulk LuPdBi. Quantitative analysis within the framework of a generalized BCS theory leads to the conclusion that the noncentrosymmetric superconductivity of LuPdBi is fully gapped with a possibly unconventional pairing character. The co-existence of superconductivity and the transport signature of topological surface states in the same bulk alloy suggests that LuPdBi represents a very promising candidate as a topological superconductor.

Superconductivity: A critical analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sacchetti, Nicola

1997-01-01

It is some forty years now that superconductivity has entered into the field of applied Physics. Countless applications have been proposed some of which have been successfully tested in the form of prototypes and relatively few have become widely used products. This article offers an objective examination of what applied superconductivity represents in the area of modern technology highlighting its exclusive advantages and its inevitable limitations

Multiple quantum phase transitions and superconductivity in Ce-based heavy fermions.

Science.gov (United States)

Weng, Z F; Smidman, M; Jiao, L; Lu, Xin; Yuan, H Q

2016-09-01

Heavy fermions have served as prototype examples of strongly-correlated electron systems. The occurrence of unconventional superconductivity in close proximity to the electronic instabilities associated with various degrees of freedom points to an intricate relationship between superconductivity and other electronic states, which is unique but also shares some common features with high temperature superconductivity. The magnetic order in heavy fermion compounds can be continuously suppressed by tuning external parameters to a quantum critical point, and the role of quantum criticality in determining the properties of heavy fermion systems is an important unresolved issue. Here we review the recent progress of studies on Ce based heavy fermion superconductors, with an emphasis on the superconductivity emerging on the edge of magnetic and charge instabilities as well as the quantum phase transitions which occur by tuning different parameters, such as pressure, magnetic field and doping. We discuss systems where multiple quantum critical points occur and whether they can be classified in a unified manner, in particular in terms of the evolution of the Fermi surface topology.

High-temperature superconducting fault-current limiter - optimisation of superconducting elements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

This report summarises the findings of a study initiated to continue the work of a DTI-LINK Collaborative Research Programme 'Enhancing the Properties of Bulk High Temperature Superconductors and their Potential Application as Fault Current Limiters (FCL). Details are given of computer modelling of the quenching process involving the transition from superconducting to normal conducting states undergone by the material when large currents are present. The design of compound elements, and a multi-element model are described along with FCL design covering distribution bus-coupler, embedded generator connection, larger generator connection, hazardous area safety, and interconnection to fault-prone network. The evaluation of thermal loss, test equipment and schedule, the optimised element, installed cost data, and the UK market are considered

Exploration of stable compounds, crystal structures, and superconductivity in the Be-H system

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shuyin Yu

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Using first-principles variable-composition evolutionary methodology, we explored the high-pressure structures of beryllium hydrides between 0 and 400 GPa. We found that BeH2 remains the only stable compound in this pressure range. The pressure-induced transformations are predicted as I b a m → P 3 ̄ m 1 → R 3 ̄ m → C m c m → P 4 / n m m , which occur at 24, 139, 204 and 349 GPa, respectively. P 3 ̄ m 1 and R 3 ̄ m structures are layered polytypes based on close packings of H atoms with Be atoms filling all octahedral voids in alternating layers. Cmcm and P4/nmm contain two-dimensional triangular networks with each layer forming a kinked slab in the ab-plane. P 3 ̄ m 1 and R 3 ̄ m are semiconductors while Cmcm and P4/nmm are metallic. We have explored superconductivity of both metal phases, and found large electron-phonon coupling parameters of λ = 0.63 for Cmcm with a Tc of 32.1-44.1 K at 250 GPa and λ = 0.65 for P4/nmm with a Tc of 46.1-62.4 K at 400 GPa. The dependence of Tc on pressure indicates that Tc initially increases to a maximum of 45.1 K for Cmcm at 275 GPa and 97.0 K for P4/nmm at 365 GPa, and then decreases with increasing pressure for both phases.

Development of a superconducting claw-pole motor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Watanabe, E.; Kikukawa, K.; Satoh, Y.; Torii, S.

2008-01-01

We have developed and produced a superconducting claw-pole motor for a trial purpose as a method to make the best use of the characteristic of superconductivity without collector rings or rotating superconducting coils that need to be cryocooled, and made some examinations. The unique feature in this motor is to have the mechanism that supports the reaction magnetic force generated in the axial direction

Anti-plasmodial activity of Dicoma tomentosa (Asteraceae) and identification of urospermal A-15-O-acetate as the main active compound

Science.gov (United States)

2012-01-01

Background Natural products could play an important role in the challenge to discover new anti-malarial drugs. In a previous study, Dicoma tomentosa (Asteraceae) was selected for its promising anti-plasmodial activity after a preliminary screening of several plants traditionally used in Burkina Faso to treat malaria. The aim of the present study was to further investigate the anti-plasmodial properties of this plant and to isolate the active anti-plasmodial compounds. Methods Eight crude extracts obtained from D. tomentosa whole plant were tested in vitro against two Plasmodium falciparum strains (3D7 and W2) using the p-LDH assay (colorimetric method). The Peters’ four-days suppressive test model (Plasmodium berghei-infected mice) was used to evaluate the in vivo anti-plasmodial activity. An in vitro bioguided fractionation was undertaken on a dichloromethane extract, using preparative HPLC and TLC techniques. The identity of the pure compound was assessed using UV, MS and NMR spectroscopic analysis. In vitro cytotoxicity against WI38 human fibroblasts (WST-1 assay) and haemolytic activity were also evaluated for extracts and pure compounds in order to check selectivity. Results The best in vitro anti-plasmodial results were obtained with the dichloromethane, diethylether, ethylacetate and methanol extracts, which exhibited a high activity (IC50 ≤ 5 μg/ml). Hot water and hydroethanolic extracts also showed a good activity (IC50 ≤ 15 μg/ml), which confirmed the traditional use and the promising anti-malarial potential of the plant. The activity was also confirmed in vivo for all tested extracts. However, most of the active extracts also exhibited cytotoxic activity, but no extract was found to display any haemolytic activity. The bioguided fractionation process allowed to isolate and identify a sesquiterpene lactone (urospermal A-15-O-acetate) as the major anti-plasmodial compound of the plant (IC50 < 1 μg/ml against both 3D7 and W2 strains). This was also

Fracton pairing mechanism for unconventional superconductors: Self-assembling organic polymers and copper-oxide compounds

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Milovanov, A.V.; Juul Rasmussen, J.

2002-01-01

Self-assembling organic polymers and copper-oxide compounds are two classes of unconventional superconductors, whose challenging behavior does not comply with the traditional picture of Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superconductivity in regular crystals. In this paper, we propose a theoretical...... or holes) exchange fracton excitations, quantum oscillations of fractal lattices that mimic the complex microscopic organization of the unconventional superconductors. For the copper oxides, the superconducting transition temperature T-c as predicted by the fracton mechanism is of the order of similar to......150 K. We suggest that the marginal ingredient of the high-temperature superconducting phase is provided by fracton coupled holes that condensate in the conducting copper-oxygen planes owing to the intrinsic field-effect-transistor configuration of the cuprate compounds. For the gate...

Bec Model of HIGH-Tc Superconductivity in Layered Cuprates

Science.gov (United States)

Lomnitz, M.; Villarreal, C.; de Llano, M.

2013-11-01

High-Tc superconductivity in layered cuprates is described in a BCS-BEC formalism with linearly-dispersive s- and d-wave Cooper pairs moving in quasi-2D finite-width layers around the CuO2 planes. This yields a closed formula for Tc involving the layer width, the Debye frequency, the pairing energy and the in-plane penetration depth. The new formula has no free parameters and reasonably reproduces empirical values of superconducting Tcs for 11 different layered superconductors over a wide doping regime including YBCO itself as well as other compounds like LSCO, BSCCO and TBCCO. In agreement with the London formalism, the formula also yields a fair description of the Tc dependence of the lower critical magnetic field in highly underdoped YBCO.

A two-phase full-wave superconducting rectifier

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ariga, T.; Ishiyama, A.

1989-01-01

A two-phase full-wave superconducting rectifier has been developed as a small cryogenic power supply of superconducting magnets for magnetically levitation trains. Those magnets are operated in the persistent current mode. However, small ohmic loss caused at resistive joints and ac loss induced by the vibration of the train cannot be avoided. Therefore, the low-power cryogenic power supply is required to compensate for the reduction in magnet current. The presented superconducting rectifier consists of two identical full-wave rectifiers connected in series. Main components of each rectifier are a troidal shape superconducting set-up transformer and two thermally controlled switches. The test results using a 47.5 mH load magnet at 0.2 Hz and 0.5 Hz operations are described. To estimate the characteristics of the superconducting rectifier, the authors have developed a simulation code. From the experiments and the simulations, the transfer efficiency is examined. Furthermore, the optimal design of thermally controlled switches based on the finite element analysis is also discussed

Test equipment for a flywheel energy storage system using a magnetic bearing composed of superconducting coils and superconducting bulks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ogata, M; Matsue, H; Yamashita, T; Hasegawa, H; Nagashima, K; Maeda, T; Matsuoka, T; Mukoyama, S; Shimizu, H; Horiuchi, S

2016-01-01

Energy storage systems are necessary for renewable energy sources such as solar power in order to stabilize their output power, which fluctuates widely depending on the weather. Since ‘flywheel energy storage systems’ (FWSSs) do not use chemical reactions, they do not deteriorate due to charge or discharge. This is an advantage of FWSSs in applications for renewable energy plants. A conventional FWSS has capacity limitation because of the mechanical bearings used to support the flywheel. Therefore, we have designed a superconducting magnetic bearing composed of a superconducting coil stator and a superconducting bulk rotor in order to solve this problem, and have experimentally manufactured a large scale FWSS with a capacity of 100 kWh and an output power of 300 kW. The superconducting magnetic bearing can levitate 4 tons and enables the flywheel to rotate smoothly. A performance confirmation test will be started soon. An overview of the superconducting FWSS is presented in this paper. (paper)

Kramers non-magnetic superconductivity in LnNiAsO superconductors.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Yuke; Luo, Yongkang; Li, Lin; Chen, Bin; Xu, Xiaofeng; Dai, Jianhui; Yang, Xiaojun; Zhang, Li; Cao, Guanghan; Xu, Zhu-an

2014-10-22

We investigated a series of nickel-based oxyarsenides LnNiAsO (Ln=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm) compounds. CeNiAsO undergoes two successive anti-ferromagnetic transitions at TN1=9.3 K and TN2=7.3 K; SmNiAsO becomes an anti-ferromagnet below TN≃3.5 K; NdNiAsO keeps paramagnetic down to 2 K but orders anti-ferromagnetically below TN≃1.3 K. Superconductivity was observed only in Kramers non-magnetic LaNiAsO and PrNiAsO with Tc=2.7 K and 0.93 K, respectively. The superconductivity of PrNiAsO is further studied by upper critical field and specific heat measurements, which reveal that PrNiAsO is a weakly coupled Kramers non-magnetic superconductor. Our work confirms that the nickel-based oxyarsenide superconductors are substantially different in mechanism to iron-based ones, and are likely to be described by the conventional superconductivity theory.

Mechanism of high-T{sub c} superconductivity studied by neutron scattering

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yamada, Kazuyoshi [Tohoku Univ., Sendai (Japan). Faculty of Science

1998-03-01

La{sub 2-x}Sr{sub x}CuO{sub 4} is one of the typical high-T{sub c} cuprates where Sr-doping creates many phases from the Mott insulator at x=0 nonsuperconducting metal for x>0.26; the high-T{sub c} superconductivity appears for 0.06{<=}x{<=}0.26. We have grown large single crystals of La{sub 2-x}Sr{sub x}CuO{sub 4} over a wide the doping rate up to x=0.3 and performed systematic neutron scattering experiments for the first time. We obtained several results indicating an intimate relation between the dynamical spin correlations and the superconductivity. Incommensurate spatial modulation appears in the antiferromagnetic spin correlations beyond x=0.05 close to the lower boundary of the superconducting phase. We found that the degree of the spatial modulation or the incommensurability {delta} increases with doping and T{sub c} is linearly scaled with {delta} for x{<=}0.15. A well-defined spin excitation gap was observed only for x=0.15 where the T{sub c} reaches the maximum value. And the dynamical spin coherence degrades upon doping with x>>0.15. There results strongly suggest the essential role of the magnetically correlated region and the spatial spin modulation in the CuO{sub 2} planes to sustain or create the superconductivity. (author)

Conceptual design of the superconducting magnet for the 250 MeV proton cyclotron.

Science.gov (United States)

Ren, Yong; Liu, Xiaogang; Gao, Xiang

2016-01-01

The superconducting cyclotron is of great importance to treat cancer parts of the body. To reduce the operation costs, a superconducting magnet system for the 250 MeV proton cyclotron was designed to confirm the feasibility of the superconducting cyclotron. The superconducting magnet system consists of a pair of split coils, the cryostat and a pair of binary high temperature superconductor current leads. The superconducting magnet can reach a central magnetic field of about 1.155 T at 160 A. The three GM cryocooler with cooling capacities of 1.5 W at 4.5 K and 35 W at 50 K and one GM cryocooler of 100 W at 50 K were adopted to cool the superconducting magnet system through the thermosiphon technology. The four GM cryocoolers were used to cool the superconducting magnet to realize zero evaporation of the liquid helium.

Superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Langone, J.

1989-01-01

This book explains the theoretical background of superconductivity. Includes discussion of electricity, material fabrication, maglev trains, the superconducting supercollider, and Japanese-US competition. The authors reports the latest discoveries

Disappearance of superconductivity in the solid solution between (Ca4Al2O6)(Fe2As2) and (Ca4Al2O6)(Fe2P2) superconductors.

Science.gov (United States)

Shirage, Parasharam M; Kihou, Kunihiro; Lee, Chul-Ho; Takeshita, Nao; Eisaki, Hiroshi; Iyo, Akira

2012-09-19

The effect of alloying the two perovskite-type iron-based superconductors (Ca(4)Al(2)O(6))(Fe(2)As(2)) and (Ca(4)Al(2)O(6))(Fe(2)P(2)) was examined. While the two stoichiometric compounds possess relatively high T(c)'s of 28 and 17 K, respectively, their solid solutions of the form (Ca(4)Al(2)O(6))(Fe(2)(As(1-x)P(x))(2)) do not show superconductivity over a wide range from x = 0.50 to 0.95. The resultant phase diagram is thus completely different from those of other typical iron-based superconductors such as BaFe(2)(As,P)(2) and LaFe(As,P)O, in which superconductivity shows up when P is substituted for As in the non-superconducting "parent" compounds. Notably, the solid solutions in the non-superconducting range exhibit resistivity anomalies at temperatures of 50-100 K. The behavior is reminiscent of the resistivity kink commonly observed in various non-superconducting parent compounds that signals the onset of antiferromagnetic/orthorhombic long-range order. The similarity suggests that the suppression of the superconductivity in the present case also has a magnetic and/or structural origin.

A current controlled variable delay superconducting transmission line

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anlage, S.M.; Snortland, H.J.; Beasley, M.R.

1989-01-01

The authors present a device concept for a current-controlled variable delay for superconducting transmission line. The device makes use of the change in kinetic inductance of a superconducting transmission line under the application of a DC bias current. The relevant materials parameters and several promising superconducting materials have been identified

Magnetization Controlled Superconductivity in a Film with Magnetic Dots

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lyuksyutov, I.F.; Pokrovsky, V.; Pokrovsky, V.

1998-01-01

We consider a superconducting film with a magnetic dots array (MDA) placed upon it. Magnetic moments of the dots are normal to the film and strong enough to create vortices in the superconducting film. Magnetic interaction between dots is negligible. Zero-field cooling leads to random magnetization of the MDA well above the superconducting temperature. With this cooling, the film is in a resistive state below the (expected) superconducting transition. Paradoxically, when field cooled, the film with MDA can be superconducting. copyright 1998 The American Physical Society

Superconducting RF Development at Nuclear Science Centre

CERN Document Server

Roy, Amit

2005-01-01

A Superconducting Linac is being installed as a booster for the 15 UD Pelletron accelerator at Nuclear Science Centre (NSC). The accelerating structure for this linac is a Nb QWR cavity, designed and fabricated as a joint collaboration between NSC and ANL, USA. Initial cavities required for the first linac module were fabricated at ANL. For fabrication of cavities required for future modules a Superconducting Resonator Fabrication Facility has been set up at NSC. Three quarter wave resonator (QWR) cavities have been fabricated using the in-house facility. This facility has been used for repairs on the resonators which sprung leaks. Fabrication of fifteen resonators for the second and third linac modules is under progress. Eight resonators along with a superconducting solenoid has been installed in the first linac cryostat and tested for energy gain with a pulsed beam of 90 MeV Si from the Pelletron. Acceleration of the ions to 96 MeV was measured downstream and beam transmission through the linac was measured...

Investigation of wire motion in superconducting magnets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ogitsu, T.; Tsuchiya, K.; Devred, A.

1990-09-01

The large Lorentz forces occuring during the excitation of superconducting magnets can provoke sudden motions of wire, which eventually release enough energy to trigger a quench. These wire motions are accompanied by two electromagnetic effects: an induced emf along the moved wire, and a local change in flux caused by the minute dislocation of current. Both effects cause spikes in the coil voltage. Voltage data recorded during the excitation of a superconducting quadrupole magnet which early exhibit such events are here reported. Interpretations of the voltage spikes in terms of energy release are also presented, leading to insights on the spectrum of the disturbances which occur in real magnets. 15 refs

Superconductivity in technology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Komarek, P.

1976-01-01

Physics, especially high energy physics and solid state physics was the first area in which superconducting magnets were used but in the long run, the most extensive application of superconductivity will probably be in energy technology. Superconducting power transmission cables, magnets for energy conversion in superconducting electrical machines, MHD-generators and fusion reactors and magnets for energy storage are being investigated. Magnets for fusion reactors will have particularly large physical dimensions, which means that much development effort is still needed, for there is no economic alternative. Superconducting surfaces in radio frequency cavities can give Q-values up to a factor of 10 6 higher than those of conventional resonators. Particle accelerators are the important application. And for telecommunication, simple coaxial superconducting radio frequency cables seem promising. The tunnel effect in superconducting junctions is now being developed commercially for sensitive magnetometers and may soon possibly feature in the memory cells of computer devices. Hence superconductivity can play an important role in the technological world, solving physical and technological problems and showing economic advantages as compared with possible conventional techniques, bearing also in mind the importance of reliability and safety. (author)

On superconductivity and superfluidity. A scientific autobiography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ginzburg, Vitaly L.

2009-01-01

This book presents the Nobel Laureate Vitaly Ginzburg's views on the development in the field of superconductivity. It contains a selection of Ginzburg's key writings, including his amended version of the Nobel lecture in Physics 2003. Also included are an expanded autobiography, which was written for the Nobel Committee, an article entitled ''A Scientific Autobiography: An Attempt,'' a fundamental article co-written with L.D. Landau entitled ''To the theory of superconductivity,'' an expanded review article ''Superconductivity and superfluidity (what was done and what was not done),'' and some newly written short articles about superconductivity and related subjects. So, in toto, presented here are the personal contributions of Ginzburg, that resulted in the Nobel Prize, in the context of his scientific biography. (orig.)

On superconductivity and superfluidity a scientific autobiography

CERN Document Server

Ginzburg, Vitalii Lazarevich

2009-01-01

This book presents the Nobel Laureate Vitaly Ginzburg's views on the development in the field of superconductivity. It contains a selection of Ginzburg's key writings, including his amended version of the Nobel lecture in Physics 2003. Also included are an expanded autobiography, which was written for the Nobel Committee, an article entitled "A Scientific Autobiography: An Attempt," a fundamental article co-written with L.D. Landau entitled "To the theory of superconductivity," an expanded review article "Superconductivity and superfluidity (what was done and what was not done)," and some newly written short articles about superconductivity and related subjects. So, in toto, presented here are the personal contributions of Ginzburg, that resulted in the Nobel Prize, in the context of his scientific biography.

Unstable magnetic moments in Ce compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aarts, J.

1984-01-01

The problems which are connected with the appearance or disappearance of local moments in metals are well reflected in the magnetic behaviour of Ce intermetallic compounds. This work describes experiments on two Ce compounds which are typical examples of unstable moment systems. The first of these is CeAl 2 which at low temperatures, shows coexistence of antiferromagnetic order and the Kondo effect. Measurements are presented of the magnetization and the susceptibility in different magnetic field and temperature regions. An analysis of these measurements, using a model for the crystal field effects, shows the agreement between the measurements and the calculations to be reasonably good for CeAl 2 , but this agreement becomes worse upon decreasing Ce concentration. A phenomenological description of the observations is given. The second compound reported on is CeCu 2 Si 2 , the first 'heavy-fermion' superconductor to be investigated. The superconducting state is possibly formed by the quasi-particles of a non-magnetic many body singlet state, and not simply by the (sd) conduction electrons. This being a novel phenomenon, a number of experiments were performed to test this picture and to obtain a detailed description of the behaviour of CeCu 2 Si 2 . Measurements of the Meissner volume, confirmed the superconductivity to be intrinsic. (Auth.)

High temperature superconductivity: Concept, preparation and testing of high Tc superconductor compounds, and applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harara, Wafik

1992-06-01

Many studies have been carried out on high temperature superconductors with transition temperature above that of the liquid nitrogen. In this scientific study the concept and the mechanism of this phenomena are discussed, in addition the examples of preparation and testing of high temperature superconductors compounds are shown. Also the most important applications in industry are explained. (author). 15 refs., 2 tabs., 18 figs

Synthesis, structure and superconductivity in Ba1-xKxBiO3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hinks, D.G.

1989-01-01

Ba 1-x K x BiO 3 (with x = 0.4) has the highest T c (30 K) of any copperless compound. The superconducting transition temperature of this material is expected to be at the limit of conventional electron-phonon coupling. Since this material is much simpler than the copper containing high-T c superconductors (it is cubic in its superconducting state and only sp electrons are involved in the transport properties), it should be much easier to unravel the nature of the superconducting pairing mechanism in this system. Understanding this system may help explain superconductivity in the more complex copper-oxide materials. In this paper, the authors report on the development of a synthesis method which allows the preparation of stoichiometric, single-phase materials with x between 0.0 and 0.5. The structural phase diagram was determined using powder neutron diffraction as a function of both composition and temperature. Superconductivity only occurs in the cubic perovskite phase which is stable for x larger than 0.3. At a x = 0.3 composition the material undergoes a semiconductor to metal transition with a maximum value for T c . As the K content is further increased, T c is reduced

Vortex patterns in a mesoscopic superconducting rod with a magnetic dot

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Romaguera, Antonio R. de C. [Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Fisica; Doria, Mauro M. [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ (Brazil). Dept. de Fisica dos Solidos; Peeters, F.M. [Universiteit Antwerpen (Belgium). Dept. Fysica

2009-07-01

Full text follows. Magnetism and superconductivity are competing orders and its coexistence has been the subject of intense investigation both in nano fabricated materials also in natural compounds. Together they bring new phenomena such as in case of magnetic dots on top of a superconducting film which are a source of ratchet potential.Recently we have investigated vortex patterns that originate from a magnetic domain internal to the superconductor. There vortex lines are curved in space, as their only source and sinkhole are inside the superconductor. We found that when the magnetic domain has a small magnetic moment, the vortex pattern is made of just three vortex loops, instead of one, two or any higher number of vortex loops. The presence of a magnetic moment near thin mesoscopic disks and films has been theoretically and experimentally investigated. New vortex patterns arise there due to the inhomogeneity of the applied magnetic field, although they do not display curved vortices because of the thin limit which turns the vortices into flat two-dimensional objects. In this work we report a theoretical investigation of vortex patterns into a mesoscopic superconducting rod with an external magnetic dot on top. We call it rod to characterize that its height is finite and comparable to the radius, thus larger than a disk and smaller than a wire. Inside the rod, a cylinder with height larger than the coherence length, {xi}, truly three-dimensional curved vortices are formed. We find reentrant behavior which means that the entrance and exit of a vortex is achieved by simply increasing (or decreasing) the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the dot. Thus the present system qualifies for technological applications as a logic gate to perform logical operation in digital circuits.

Vortex patterns in a mesoscopic superconducting rod with a magnetic dot

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Romaguera, Antonio R. de C.; Doria, Mauro M.; Peeters, F.M.

2009-01-01

Full text follows. Magnetism and superconductivity are competing orders and its coexistence has been the subject of intense investigation both in nano fabricated materials also in natural compounds. Together they bring new phenomena such as in case of magnetic dots on top of a superconducting film which are a source of ratchet potential.Recently we have investigated vortex patterns that originate from a magnetic domain internal to the superconductor. There vortex lines are curved in space, as their only source and sinkhole are inside the superconductor. We found that when the magnetic domain has a small magnetic moment, the vortex pattern is made of just three vortex loops, instead of one, two or any higher number of vortex loops. The presence of a magnetic moment near thin mesoscopic disks and films has been theoretically and experimentally investigated. New vortex patterns arise there due to the inhomogeneity of the applied magnetic field, although they do not display curved vortices because of the thin limit which turns the vortices into flat two-dimensional objects. In this work we report a theoretical investigation of vortex patterns into a mesoscopic superconducting rod with an external magnetic dot on top. We call it rod to characterize that its height is finite and comparable to the radius, thus larger than a disk and smaller than a wire. Inside the rod, a cylinder with height larger than the coherence length, ξ, truly three-dimensional curved vortices are formed. We find reentrant behavior which means that the entrance and exit of a vortex is achieved by simply increasing (or decreasing) the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the dot. Thus the present system qualifies for technological applications as a logic gate to perform logical operation in digital circuits.

Kinetics of formation of the A-15 phase in the Nb--Al--Ge system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kannatey-Asibu, E. Jr.

1977-05-01

A study has been made of the time and temperature dependence of the growth of the A-15 phase and its grains in the Nb-Al-Ge system. In addition, changes in the microstructure and composition of the A-15 phase have been studied using an EDAX analysis. The data obtained have been plotted and compared with theory. The results have been used to explain the variations in the superconducting properties of this system as observed in earlier work. Consequently, areas for further study towards optimizing the superconducting parameters of this system have been proposed

Basic Study of Superconductive Actuator

OpenAIRE

涌井, 和也; 荻原, 宏康

2000-01-01

There are two kinds of electromagnetic propulsion ships : a superconductive electromagnetic propulsion ship and a superconductive electricity propulsion ship. A superconductive electromagnetic propulsion ship uses the electromagnetic force (Lorenz force) by the interaction between a magnetic field and a electric current. On the other hand, a superconductive electricity propulsion ship uses screws driven by a superconductive motor. A superconductive propulsion ship technique has the merits of ...

Study of apical oxygen atoms in a spin-ladder cuprate compound by X-ray absorption spectroscopy near the Cu K edge

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hatterer, C.J.; Eustache, B.; Collin, L.; Beuran, C.F.; Partiot, C.; Germain, P.; Xu, X.Z.; Lagues, M. [CNRS, Paris (France). Surfaces et Supraconducteurs; Michalowicz, A. [Laboratoire de Physique des Milieux Desordonnes, Universite Paris XII Val-de-Marne, 61 avenue du general de Gaulle, 94010, Creteil Cedex (France)]|[LURE, Universite Paris Sud, 91405, Orsay Cedex (France); Moscovici, J. [Laboratoire de Physique des Milieux Desordonnes, Universite Paris XII Val-de-Marne, 61 avenue du general de Gaulle, 94010, Creteil Cedex (France); Deville Cavellin, C. [CNRS, Paris (France). Surfaces et Supraconducteurs]|[Laboratoire d`Electronique, Universite Paris XII Val-de-Marne, 61 av. du general de Gaulle, 94010, Creteil Cedex (France); Traverse, A. [LURE, Universite Paris Sud, 91405, Orsay Cedex (France)

1997-04-01

The structure of high-T{sub c} superconducting cuprate compounds is based on CuO{sub 2} planes alternating with blocks that behave as charge reservoirs. The apical oxygen atoms which belong to these reservoirs are suspected to play a role in the mechanism of superconductivity. It thus seems necessary to measure the amount of apical oxygen atoms in various compounds, as a function of the superconducting properties. Polarisation dependent X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements were performed near the Cu K-edge on three types of phases. We collected information about the neighbourhood of the copper atom in the cuprate planes and in the direction perpendicular to these planes. Two of these phases have well known structures: Bi2212 in which copper atoms are on a pyramidal site and infinite layer phase, a square planar cuprate without apical oxygen. We used the obtained results as reference data to study a new copper-rich phase related to the spin-ladder series. (orig.)

Superconductivity in power engineering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chaddah, P.; Dande, Y.D.; Dasannacharya, B.A.; Malik, M.K.; Raghavan, R.V.

1987-01-01

The advantages of low power loss, high magnetic fields and compactness of size of superconducting magnets have generated world-wide interest in using them for MHD generators, Tokamak fusion reactors, energy storage systems etc. With a view to assess the feasibility of using the technology in power engineering in India, the status of the efforts in the country is reviewed and the areas of R and D required are indicated. 13 figures, 15 refs. (author)

Effect of strain on the martensitic phase transition in superconducting Nb3Sn

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hoard, R.W.; Scanlan, R.M.; Smith, G.S.; Farrell, C.L.

1980-01-01

The connection between the cubic-to-tetragonal martensitic phase transformation and the phenomenon of superconductivity in A15 compounds is being investigated. The degradation of the critical parameters, such as T/sub c/, H/sub c2/, and J/sub c/, with mechanical straining is of particular interest. Low-temperature x-ray diffraction experiments are performed on Nb 3 Sn ribbons (with the bronze layers etched off) mounted on copper and indium sample stages. The cryostat used is unique in that it has a vacuum mechanical insert which allows the superconductor to be placed under both compressive and tensile strains while at low temperatures. Preliminary results indicate that the martensitic phase transition temperature, T/sub m/, increases with compressive strains. Other effects of strain on tetragonal phase production are also discussed

Improved superconducting properties of La{sub 3}Co{sub 4}Sn{sub 13} with indium substitution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Neha, P.; Srivastava, P. [School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067 (India); Jha, R. [School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067 (India); National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi 110012 (India); Shruti [School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067 (India); Awana, V.P.S. [National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi 110012 (India); Patnaik, S., E-mail: spatnaik@mail.jnu.ac.in [School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067 (India)

2016-04-25

We report two fold increase in superconducting transition temperature of La{sub 3}Co{sub 4}Sn{sub 13} by substituting indium at the tin site. The transition temperature of this skutterudite related compound is observed to increase from 2.5 K to 5.1 K for 10% indium substituted sample. The band structure and density of states calculations also indicate such a possibility. The compounds exhibit type-II superconductivity and the values of lower critical field (H{sub c1}), upper critical field (H{sub c2}), Ginzburg–Landau coherence length (ξ), penetration depth (λ) and GL parameter (κ) are estimated to be 0.0028 T, 0.68 T, 21.6 nm, 33.2 nm and 1.53 respectively for La{sub 3}Co{sub 4}Sn{sub 11.7}In{sub 1.3}. Hydrostatic external pressure leads to decrease in transition temperature and the calculated pressure coefficient is −0.311 K/GPa. Flux pinning and vortex activation energies also improved with indium addition. Only positive frequencies are observed in phonon dispersion curve that relate to the absence of charge density wave or structural instability in the normal state. - Highlights: • Superconducting transition temperature of La{sub 3}Co{sub 4}Sn{sub 13} increases two fold by indium substitution. • Band structure and all basic superconducting parameters (e.g,. H{sub c1}, H{sub c2}, ξ,λ and κ are ascertained. • Dependence of superconducting properties under external pressure is studied.

On superconductivity and superfluidity. A scientific autobiography

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ginzburg, Vitaly L. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow (Russian Federation). P.N. Lebedev Physical Inst.

2009-07-01

This book presents the Nobel Laureate Vitaly Ginzburg's views on the development in the field of superconductivity. It contains a selection of Ginzburg's key writings, including his amended version of the Nobel lecture in Physics 2003. Also included are an expanded autobiography, which was written for the Nobel Committee, an article entitled 'A Scientific Autobiography: An Attempt,' a fundamental article co-written with L.D. Landau entitled 'To the theory of superconductivity,' an expanded review article 'Superconductivity and superfluidity (what was done and what was not done),' and some newly written short articles about superconductivity and related subjects. So, in toto, presented here are the personal contributions of Ginzburg, that resulted in the Nobel Prize, in the context of his scientific biography. (orig.)

Qubit lattice coherence induced by electromagnetic pulses in superconducting metamaterials.

Science.gov (United States)

Ivić, Z; Lazarides, N; Tsironis, G P

2016-07-12

Quantum bits (qubits) are at the heart of quantum information processing schemes. Currently, solid-state qubits, and in particular the superconducting ones, seem to satisfy the requirements for being the building blocks of viable quantum computers, since they exhibit relatively long coherence times, extremely low dissipation, and scalability. The possibility of achieving quantum coherence in macroscopic circuits comprising Josephson junctions, envisioned by Legett in the 1980's, was demonstrated for the first time in a charge qubit; since then, the exploitation of macroscopic quantum effects in low-capacitance Josephson junction circuits allowed for the realization of several kinds of superconducting qubits. Furthermore, coupling between qubits has been successfully achieved that was followed by the construction of multiple-qubit logic gates and the implementation of several algorithms. Here it is demonstrated that induced qubit lattice coherence as well as two remarkable quantum coherent optical phenomena, i.e., self-induced transparency and Dicke-type superradiance, may occur during light-pulse propagation in quantum metamaterials comprising superconducting charge qubits. The generated qubit lattice pulse forms a compound "quantum breather" that propagates in synchrony with the electromagnetic pulse. The experimental confirmation of such effects in superconducting quantum metamaterials may open a new pathway to potentially powerful quantum computing.

Valency and spin states of substituent cations in Bi2.15Sr1.85CaCu2O8+δ

Science.gov (United States)

Benseman, T. M.; Cooper, J. R.; Zentile, C. L.; Lemberger, L.; Balakrishnan, G.

2011-10-01

We studied the valency and spin behavior of M = Mn, Fe, Co, Li, and Al in the high-temperature superconducting compound Bi2.15Sr1.85Ca(Cu1-zMz)2O8+δ (Bi-2212) for small values of z. Mn, Fe, and Co retain their magnetic moments, and our thermopower and magnetic susceptibility data imply ionization states Mn3+, Fe2+, and Co2+, while Li and Al are accommodated in the charge reservoir layers. Single-crystal studies show that the susceptibility of Co2+ ions in Bi-2212 is strongly anisotropic, with a weak anisotropy detected for Mn3+ and none for Fe2+. Fits to a pseudogap formula for a pure Bi-2212 crystal suggest that the spin susceptibility of the host compound is more anisotropic than previously realized. Data in the superconducting state allow us to compare the pair-breaking properties of the different impurities. Several aspects of the data, including the stronger suppression of the superconducting transition temperature Tc by Co compared with Fe for underdoped and optimally doped samples, show that the d-level structure of the magnetic ions and multiorbital effects are important. We also find that the temperatures of the magnetization crossing points are equal to the low-field Tc values to within 1% or 2%. This agrees with a 2D thermodynamic fluctuation argument given by Junod

Accelerators and superconductivity: A marriage of convenience

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wilson, M.

1987-01-01

This lecture deals with the relationship between accelerator technology in high-energy-physics laboratories and the development of superconductors. It concentrates on synchrotron magnets, showing how their special requirements have brought about significant advances in the technology, particularly the development of filamentary superconducting composites. Such developments have made large superconducting accelerators an actuality: the Tevatron in routine operation, the Hadron Electron Ring Accelerator (HERA) under construction, and the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the conceptual design stage. Other applications of superconductivity have also been facilitated - for example medical imaging and small accelerators for industrial and medical use. (orig.)

Superconducting Gamma/Neutron Spectrometer Task 1 Completion Report Evaluation of Candidate Neutron-Sensitive Materials

CERN Document Server

Bell, Z W

2002-01-01

A review of the scientific literature regarding boron- and lithium-containing compounds was completed. Information such as Debye temperature, heat capacity, superconductivity properties, physical and chemical characteristics, commercial availability, and recipes for synthesis was accumulated and evaluated to develop a list of neutron-sensitive materials likely to perform properly in the spectrometer. The best candidate borides appear to be MgB sub 2 (a superconductor with T sub c = 39 K), B sub 6 Si, B sub 4 C, and elemental boron; all are commercially available. Among the lithium compounds are LiH, LiAl, Li sub 1 sub 2 Si sub 7 , and Li sub 7 Sn sub 2. These materials have or are expected to have high Debye temperatures and sufficiently low heat capacities at 100 mK to produce a useful signal. The responses of sup 1 sup 0 B and sup 6 Li to a fission neutron spectrum were also estimated. These demonstrated that the contribution of scattering events is no more than 3% in a boron-based system and 1.5% in a lith...

100 years of superconductivity

CERN Document Server

Rogalla, Horst

2011-01-01

Even a hundred years after its discovery, superconductivity continues to bring us new surprises, from superconducting magnets used in MRI to quantum detectors in electronics. 100 Years of Superconductivity presents a comprehensive collection of topics on nearly all the subdisciplines of superconductivity. Tracing the historical developments in superconductivity, the book includes contributions from many pioneers who are responsible for important steps forward in the field.The text first discusses interesting stories of the discovery and gradual progress of theory and experimentation. Emphasizi

Theoretical investigation on thermoelectric properties of (Ca,Sr,Ba)Fe2(As/Bi)2 compounds under temperature

Science.gov (United States)

Jayalakshmi, D. S.; Sundareswari, M.; Viswanathan, E.; Das, Abhijeet

2018-04-01

The electrical conductivity, resistivity and Seebeck coefficient, Pauli magnetic susceptibility and power factor are computed under temperature (100 K - 800 K) in steps of 100 K for the theoretically designed compounds namely (Ca,Sr,Ba)Fe2Bi2 and their parent compounds namely (Ca,Sr,Ba)Fe2As2 by using Boltzmann transport theory interfaced to the Wien2k program. The Bulk modulus, electron phonon coupling constant, thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) and transition temperature are calculated for the optimized anti ferromagnetic phase of the proposed compounds. The results are discussed for the novel compounds in view of their superconductivity existence and compared with their parent unconventional superconducting compounds.

Strong correlations and the search for high-Tc superconductivity in chromium pnictides and chalcogenides

Science.gov (United States)

Pizarro, J. M.; Calderón, M. J.; Liu, J.; Muñoz, M. C.; Bascones, E.

2017-02-01

Undoped iron superconductors accommodate n =6 electrons in five d orbitals. Experimental and theoretical evidence shows that the strength of correlations increases with hole doping, as the electronic filling approaches half filling with n =5 electrons. This evidence delineates a scenario in which the parent compound of iron superconductors is the half-filled system, in analogy to cuprate superconductors. In cuprates the superconductivity can be induced upon electron or hole doping. In this work we propose to search for high-Tc superconductivity and strong correlations in chromium pnictides and chalcogenides with n slave-spin and multiorbital random-phase-approximation calculations we analyze the strength of the correlations and the superconducting and magnetic instabilities in these systems with the main focus on LaCrAsO. We find that electron-doped LaCrAsO is a strongly correlated system with competing magnetic interactions, with (π ,π ) antiferromagnetism and nodal d -wave pairing being the most plausible magnetic and superconducting instabilities, respectively.

Flux penetration in a ferromagnetic/superconducting bilayer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Adamus, Z.; Cieplak, M.Z.; Abal' Oshev, A. [Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, (Poland); Konczykowski, M. [CEA/DSM/DRECAM, Laboratoire des Solides Irradies, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, (France); Konczykowski, M. [Ecole Polytech, CNRS - UMR 7642, F-91128 Palaiseau, (France); Cheng, X.M.; Zhu, L.Y.; Chien, C.L. [Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys and Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 (United States)

2007-07-01

An array of miniature Hall sensors is used to study the magnetic flux penetration in a ferromagnetic/superconducting bilayer consisting of Nb as a superconducting layer and Co/Pt multilayer with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy as a ferromagnetic layer, separated by an amorphous Si layer to avoid the proximity effect. It is found that the magnetic domains in the ferromagnetic layer create a large edge barrier in the superconducting layer which delays flux penetration. The smooth flux profiles observed in the absence of magnetic pinning change into terraced profiles in the presence of domains. (authors)

Optical data transmission at the superconducting super collider

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leskovar, B.

1989-02-01

Digital and analog data transmissions via fiber optics for the Superconducting Super Collider have been investigated. The state of the art of optical transmitters, low loss fiber waveguides, receivers and associated electronics components are reviewed and summarized. Emphasis is placed on the effects of the radiation environment on the performance of an optical data transmission system components. Also, the performance of candidate components of the wide band digital and analog transmission systems intended for deployment of the Superconducting Super Collider Detector is discussed. 27 refs., 15 figs

Laser activated superconducting switch

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wolf, A.A.

1976-01-01

A superconducting switch or bistable device is described consisting of a superconductor in a cryogen maintaining a temperature just below the transition temperature, having a window of the proper optical frequency band for passing a laser beam which may impinge on the superconductor when desired. The frequency of the laser is equal to or greater than the optical absorption frequency of the superconducting material and is consistent with the ratio of the gap energy of the switch material to Planck's constant, to cause depairing of electrons, and thereby normalize the superconductor. Some embodiments comprise first and second superconducting metals. Other embodiments feature the two superconducting metals separated by a thin film insulator through which the superconducting electrons tunnel during superconductivity

High-Tc cuprate superconductivity in a nutshell

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Won, Hyekyung; Haas, Stephan; Parker, David; Maki, Kazumi

2005-01-01

Since the discovery of high-T c cuprate superconductivity in 1986 many new experimental techniques and theoretical concepts have been developed. In particular it was shown that the BCS theory of d-wave superconductivity describes semi-quantitatively the high-T c superconductivity. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that Volovik's approach is extremely useful for finding the quasiparticle properties in the vortex state. Here we survey these developments and forecast future directions. (copyright 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

Superconductivity in Medicine

Science.gov (United States)

Alonso, Jose R.; Antaya, Timothy A.

2012-01-01

Superconductivity is playing an increasingly important role in advanced medical technologies. Compact superconducting cyclotrons are emerging as powerful tools for external beam therapy with protons and carbon ions, and offer advantages of cost and size reduction in isotope production as well. Superconducting magnets in isocentric gantries reduce their size and weight to practical proportions. In diagnostic imaging, superconducting magnets have been crucial for the successful clinical implementation of magnetic resonance imaging. This article introduces each of those areas and describes the role which superconductivity is playing in them.

Development of superconducting acceleration cavity technology for free electron lasers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Jong Min; Lee, Byung Cheol; Kim, Sun Kook; Jeong, Young Uk; Cho, Sung Oh

2000-10-01

As a result of the cooperative research between the KAERI and Peking University, the key technologies of superconducting acceleration cavity and photoelectron gun have been developed for the application to high power free electron lasers. A 1.5-GHz, 1-cell superconducting RF cavity has been designed and fabricated by using pure Nb sheets. The unloaded Q values of the fabricated superconducting cavity has been measured to be 2x10 9 at 2.5K, and 8x10 9 at 1.8K. The maximum acceleration gradient achieved was 12 MeV/m at 2.5K, and 20MV/m at 1.8 K. A cryostat for the 1-cell superconducting cavity has been designed. As a source of electron beam, a DC photocathode electron gun has been designed and fabricated, which is composed of a photocathode evaporation chamber and a 100-keV acceleration chamber. The efficiency of the Cs2Te photocathode is 3% nominally at room temperature, 10% at 290 deg C. The superconducting photoelectron gun system developed has been estimated to be a good source of high-brightness electron beam for high-power free electron lasers

Development of superconducting acceleration cavity technology for free electron lasers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Jong Min; Lee, Byung Cheol; Kim, Sun Kook; Jeong, Young Uk; Cho, Sung Oh

2000-10-01

As a result of the cooperative research between the KAERI and Peking University, the key technologies of superconducting acceleration cavity and photoelectron gun have been developed for the application to high power free electron lasers. A 1.5-GHz, 1-cell superconducting RF cavity has been designed and fabricated by using pure Nb sheets. The unloaded Q values of the fabricated superconducting cavity has been measured to be 2x10{sup 9} at 2.5K, and 8x10{sup 9} at 1.8K. The maximum acceleration gradient achieved was 12 MeV/m at 2.5K, and 20MV/m at 1.8 K. A cryostat for the 1-cell superconducting cavity has been designed. As a source of electron beam, a DC photocathode electron gun has been designed and fabricated, which is composed of a photocathode evaporation chamber and a 100-keV acceleration chamber. The efficiency of the Cs2Te photocathode is 3% nominally at room temperature, 10% at 290 deg C. The superconducting photoelectron gun system developed has been estimated to be a good source of high-brightness electron beam for high-power free electron lasers.

Comparative study of electrical transport and magnetic measurements of Y3Ba5Cu8O18±δ and YBa2Cu3O7-δ compounds: intragranular and intergranular superconducting properties

Science.gov (United States)

Slimani, Y.; Hannachi, E.; Ben Salem, M. K.; Ben Azzouz, F.; Ben Salem, M.

2018-02-01

We compare the superconducting properties and flux pinning characteristics between YBa2Cu3O7-δ (called Y-123) and Y3Ba5Cu8O18±δ (called Y-358) compounds. Both samples were synthesized through the solid-state reaction. The samples were examined by X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive spectrometry. The critical current densities of the prepared samples were investigated using current-voltage, magnetization measurements and ac-susceptibility. It is demonstrated that the Y-358 exhibits better superconducting and pinning properties than the Y-123 one. This may be ascribed to the layered structure and the occurrence of a greater number of insulating layers between the CuO2 planes that act as effective pinning sites and consequently conduce to a better fundamental pinning capacity in Y-358.

Development of large bore superconducting magnet for wastewater treatment application

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu, Hui Ming; Xu, Dong; Shen, Fuzhi; Zhang, Hengcheng; Li, Lafeng [State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (China)

2017-03-15

Water issue, especially water pollution, is a serious issue of 21st century. Being an significant technique for securing water resources, superconducting magnetic separation wastewater system was indispensable. A large bore conduction-cooled magnet was custom-tailored for wastewater treatment. The superconducting magnet has been designed, fabricated and tested. The superconducting magnet was composed of NbTi solenoid coils with an effective horizontal warm bore of 400 mm and a maximum central field of 2.56T. The superconducting magnet system was cooled by a two-stage 1.5W 4K GM cryocooler. The NbTi solenoid coils were wound around an aluminum former that is thermally connected to the second stage cold head of the cryocooler through a conductive copper link. The temperature distribution along the conductive link was measured during the cool-down process as well as at steady state. The magnet was cooled down to 4.8K in approximately 65 hours. The test of the magnetic field and quench analysis has been performed to verify the safe operation for the magnet system. Experimental results show that the superconducting magnet reached the designed magnetic performance.

Superconductivity and electron microscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hawkes, P.W.; Valdre, U.

1977-01-01

In this review article, two aspects of the role of superconductivity in electron microscopy are examined: (i) the development of superconducting devices (mainly lenses) and their incorporation in electron microscopes; (ii) the development of electron microscope techniques for studying fundamental and technological problems associated with superconductivity. The first part opens with a brief account of the relevant properties of conventional lenses, after which the various types of superconducting lenses are described and their properties compared. The relative merits and inconveniences of superconducting and conventional lenses are examined, particular attention being paid to the spherical and chromatic aberration coefficients at accelerating voltages above a megavolt. This part closes with a survey of the various microscope designs that have been built or proposed, incorporating superconducting components. In the second part, some methods that have been or might be used in the study of superconductivity in the electron microscope are described. A brief account of the types of application for which they are suitable is given. (author)

Superconductivity in transition metals.

Science.gov (United States)

Slocombe, Daniel R; Kuznetsov, Vladimir L; Grochala, Wojciech; Williams, Robert J P; Edwards, Peter P

2015-03-13

A qualitative account of the occurrence and magnitude of superconductivity in the transition metals is presented, with a primary emphasis on elements of the first row. Correlations of the important parameters of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory of superconductivity are highlighted with respect to the number of d-shell electrons per atom of the transition elements. The relation between the systematics of superconductivity in the transition metals and the periodic table high-lights the importance of short-range or chemical bonding on the remarkable natural phenomenon of superconductivity in the chemical elements. A relationship between superconductivity and lattice instability appears naturally as a balance and competition between localized covalent bonding and so-called broken covalency, which favours d-electron delocalization and superconductivity. In this manner, the systematics of superconductivity and various other physical properties of the transition elements are related and unified. © 2015 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.

Enhanced superconductivity of fullerenes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Washington, II, Aaron L.; Teprovich, Joseph A.; Zidan, Ragaiy

2017-06-20

Methods for enhancing characteristics of superconductive fullerenes and devices incorporating the fullerenes are disclosed. Enhancements can include increase in the critical transition temperature at a constant magnetic field; the existence of a superconducting hysteresis over a changing magnetic field; a decrease in the stabilizing magnetic field required for the onset of superconductivity; and/or an increase in the stability of superconductivity over a large magnetic field. The enhancements can be brought about by transmitting electromagnetic radiation to the superconductive fullerene such that the electromagnetic radiation impinges on the fullerene with an energy that is greater than the band gap of the fullerene.

Superconducting linac

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bollinger, L.M.; Shepard, K.W.; Wangler, T.P.

1978-01-01

This project has two goals: to design, build, and test a small superconducting linac to serve as an energy booster for heavy ions from an FN tandem electrostatic accelerator, and to investigate various aspects of superconducting rf technology. The main design features of the booster are described, a status report on various components (resonators, rf control system, linac control system, cryostats, buncher) is given, and plans for the near future are outlined. Investigations of superconducting-linac technology concern studies on materials and fabrication techniques, resonator diagnostic techniques, rf-phase control, beam dynamics computer programs, asymmetry in accelerating field, and surface-treatment techniques. The overall layout of the to-be-proposed ATLAS, the Argonne Tandem-Linac Accelerator System, is shown; the ATLAS would use superconducting technology to produce beams of 5 to 25 MeV/A. 6 figures

Defect formation and carrier doping in epitaxial films of the ''parent'' compound SrCuO2: Synthesis of two superconductors descendants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Feenstra, R.; Norton, D.P.; Budai, J.D.; Jones, E.C.; Christen, D.K.; Kawai, T.

1995-04-01

The infinite layer or parent compounds ACuO 2 (A: Ca-Sr-Ba) constitute the simplest copper oxygen perovskites that contain the CuO 2 sheets essential for superconductivity. The stabilization of these basic ''building blocks'' as epitaxial films, therefore, provides alluring opportunities towards the search for new superconducting compounds and elucidation of the underlying mechanisms. In this work, general trends of the defect formation and carrier doping for epitaxial films of the intermediate endmember SrCuO 2 are reviewed. First results are presented from successful attempts to induce hole-doped superconductivity via the processing-controlled incorporation of charge reservoir layers

Superconductivity in LaCu{sub 6} and possible applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Herrmannsdoerfer, Thomas; Pobell, Frank; Sebek, Josef; Svoboda, Pavel

2003-05-15

We have measured the ac susceptibility and resistivity of highly pure samples of the intermetallic compound LaCu{sub 6} down to ultralow temperatures. We have prepared the samples by arc melting of stoichiometric amounts of 99.99% La and 99.9999% Cu in a water-cooled copper crucible under Ar protective atmosphere and analysed them by X-ray diffraction and SQUID magnetometry. At T{<=}T{sub c}=0.16 K we observe a superconducting transition. Due to the manifold physical properties of isostructural ReCu{sub 6} compounds (e.g. RE = Ce: heavy fermion system, RE=Pr: hyperfine enhanced nuclear spin system, RE = Nd: electronic antiferromagnet), numerous studies of interplay phenomena may become possible in the quasibinary compounds RE{sub 1-x}La{sub x}Cu{sub 6}, respectively.

The influence of chemical treatments on the superconducting properties of technical niobium materials and their effect on the performance of superconducting radio frequency cavities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roy, S B; Sahni, V C; Myneni, G R

2009-01-01

We present the results of a study of superconducting response in the niobium materials used in the fabrication of high accelerating gradient (>25 MV m -1 ) superconducting radio frequency (SC-RF) cavities. These results clearly show that the typical surface chemical treatment deployed during the fabrication of SC-RF cavities affects the superconducting properties of pure niobium materials. Such SC-RF cavities operating at 2 K are often found to show anomalous RF losses, causing either a strong degradation of the quality factor or a thermal breakdown for cavity magnetic fields between 1 and 1.5 kOe. The results of our study suggest a correlation between the field for the first flux-line penetration in these chemically treated technical niobium materials and the reported onset field of anomalous losses in the SC-RF cavities.

The influence of chemical treatments on the superconducting properties of technical niobium materials and their effect on the performance of superconducting radio frequency cavities

Science.gov (United States)

Roy, S. B.; Myneni, G. R.; Sahni, V. C.

2009-10-01

We present the results of a study of superconducting response in the niobium materials used in the fabrication of high accelerating gradient (>25 MV m-1) superconducting radio frequency (SC-RF) cavities. These results clearly show that the typical surface chemical treatment deployed during the fabrication of SC-RF cavities affects the superconducting properties of pure niobium materials. Such SC-RF cavities operating at 2 K are often found to show anomalous RF losses, causing either a strong degradation of the quality factor or a thermal breakdown for cavity magnetic fields between 1 and 1.5 kOe. The results of our study suggest a correlation between the field for the first flux-line penetration in these chemically treated technical niobium materials and the reported onset field of anomalous losses in the SC-RF cavities.

A Conduction-Cooled Superconducting Magnet System-Design, Fabrication and Thermal Tests

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Song, Xiaowei (Andy); Holbøll, Joachim; Wang, Qiuliang

2015-01-01

A conduction-cooled superconducting magnet system with an operating current of 105.5 A was designed, fabricated and tested for material processing applications. The magnet consists of two coaxial NbTi solenoid coils with an identical vertical height of 300 mm and is installed in a high-vacuumed c......A conduction-cooled superconducting magnet system with an operating current of 105.5 A was designed, fabricated and tested for material processing applications. The magnet consists of two coaxial NbTi solenoid coils with an identical vertical height of 300 mm and is installed in a high......-vacuumed cryostat. A two-stage GM cryocooler with a cooling power of 1.5 W at 4.2 K in the second stage is used to cool the system from room temperature to 4.2 K. In this paper, the detailed design, fabrication, thermal analysis and tests of the system are presented....

Diagram of a LEP superconducting cavity

CERN Multimedia

1991-01-01

This diagram gives a schematic representation of the superconducting radio-frequency cavities at LEP. Liquid helium is used to cool the cavity to 4.5 degrees above absolute zero so that very high electric fields can be produced, increasing the operating energy of the accelerator. Superconducting cavities were used only in the LEP-2 phase of the accelerator, from 1996 to 2000.

Fe site occupancy and superconductivity in Y1-zCazBaz(Cu1-xFex)3O6+y

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smith, M.G.; Taylor, R.D.; Oesterreicher, H.

1990-01-01

X-ray diffraction and 57 Fe Moessbauer spectroscopy studies show that partial substitution of Ca for Y in Y 1-z Ca z Ba 2 (Cu 1-x Fe x ) 3 O 6+y (0.05 ≤ z ≤ 0.15,0.003 ≤ x ≤ 0.20) result in increased Fe solubility and a larger percentage of Fe occupancy of the Cu(2) plane site (prepared conventionally). Materials with z > 0.00 have a slightly depressed superconducting transition onset temperature T c relative to the z = 0.00 compounds. It is also shown that Fe occupancy of the Cu(2) site in Y 1-z Ca z Ba 2 (Cu 1-x Fe x ) 3 O 6+y can be substantially increased when these materials are treated at high temperatures in inert atmospheres followed by oxygenation at low temperatures. T c decreases more rapidly in these latter materials compared to the conventionally prepared ones. Implications concerning ordered Fe cluster formation and superconducting pair breaking in the Cu(2) site are drawn. 7 refs., 4 tabs

Electronic structure studies of ferro-pnictide superconductors and their parent compounds using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Setti, Thirupathaiah

2011-01-01

The discovery of high temperature superconductivity in the iron pnictide compound LaO 1-x F x FeAs with T c = 26 K as created enormous interest in the high-T c superconductor community. So far, four prototypes of crystal structures have been found in the Fe-pnictide family. All four show a structural deformation followed or accompanied by a magnetic transition from a high temperature paramagnetic conductor to a low temperature antiferromagnetic metal whose transition temperature T N varies between the compounds. Charge carrier doping, isovalent substitution of the As atoms or the application of pressure suppresses the antiferromagnetic spin density wave (SDW) order and leads to a superconducting phase. More recently high Tc superconductivity has been also detected in iron chalchogenides with similar normal state properties. Since superconductivity is instability of the normal state, the study of normal state electronic structure in comparison with superconducting state could reveal important information on the pairing mechanism. Therefore, it is most important to study the electronic structure of these new superconductors, i.e., to determine Fermi surfaces and band dispersions near the Fermi level at the high symmetry points in order to obtain a microscopic understanding of the superconducting properties. Using the technique angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) one measures the electrons ejected from a sample when photons impinge on it. In this way one can map the Fermi surface which provides useful information regarding the physics behind the Fermi surface topology of high T c superconductors. Furthermore, this technique provides information on the band dispersion, the orbital character of the bands, the effective mass, the coupling to bosonic excitations, and the superconducting gap. This emphasizes the importance of studying the electronic structure of the newly discovered Fe-pnictides using ARPES. In this work we have studied the electronic

Compound-specific δ15N amino acid measurements in littoral mussels in the California upwelling ecosystem: a new approach to generating baseline δ15N Isoscapes for coastal ecosystems.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Natasha L Vokhshoori

Full Text Available We explored δ(15N compound-specific amino acid isotope data (CSI-AA in filter-feeding intertidal mussels (Mytilus californianus as a new approach to construct integrated isoscapes of coastal primary production. We examined spatial δ(15N gradients in the California Upwelling Ecosystem (CUE, determining bulk δ(15N values of mussel tissue from 28 sites between Port Orford, Oregon and La Jolla, California, and applying CSI-AA at selected sites to decouple trophic effects from isotopic values at the base of the food web. Bulk δ(15N values showed a strong linear trend with latitude, increasing from North to South (from ∼ 7‰ to ∼ 12‰, R(2 = 0.759. In contrast, CSI-AA trophic position estimates showed no correlation with latitude. The δ(15N trend is therefore most consistent with a baseline δ(15N gradient, likely due to the mixing of two source waters: low δ(15N nitrate from the southward flowing surface California Current, and the northward transport of the California Undercurrent (CUC, with (15N-enriched nitrate. This interpretation is strongly supported by a similar linear gradient in δ(15N values of phenylalanine (δ(15NPhe, the best AA proxy for baseline δ(15N values. We hypothesize δ(15N(Phe values in intertidal mussels can approximate annual integrated δ(15N values of coastal phytoplankton primary production. We therefore used δ(15N(Phe values to generate the first compound-specific nitrogen isoscape for the coastal Northeast Pacific, which indicates a remarkably linear gradient in coastal primary production δ(15N values. We propose that δ(15N(Phe isoscapes derived from filter feeders can directly characterize baseline δ(15N values across major biochemical provinces, with potential applications for understanding migratory and feeding patterns of top predators, monitoring effects of climate change, and study of paleo- archives.

Correlated Dirac particles and superconductivity on the honeycomb lattice

Science.gov (United States)

Wu, Wei; Scherer, Michael M.; Honerkamp, Carsten; Le Hur, Karyn

2013-03-01

We investigate the properties of the nearest-neighbor singlet pairing and the emergence of d-wave superconductivity in the doped honeycomb lattice considering the limit of large interactions and the t-J1-J2 model. First, by applying a renormalized mean-field procedure as well as slave-boson theories which account for the proximity to the Mott-insulating state, we confirm the emergence of d-wave superconductivity, in agreement with earlier works. We show that a small but finite J2 spin coupling between next-nearest neighbors stabilizes d-wave symmetry compared to the extendeds-wave scenario. At small hole doping, to minimize the energy and to gap the whole Fermi surface or all the Dirac points, the superconducting ground state is characterized by a d+id singlet pairing assigned to one valley and a d-id singlet pairing to the other, which then preserves time-reversal symmetry. The slightly doped situation is distinct from the heavily doped case (around 3/8 and 5/8 filling) supporting a pure chiral d+id symmetry and breaking time-reversal symmetry. Then, we apply the functional renormalization group and study in more detail the competition between antiferromagnetism and superconductivity in the vicinity of half filling. We discuss possible applications to strongly correlated compounds with copper hexagonal planes such as In3Cu2VO9. Our findings are also relevant to the understanding of exotic superfluidity with cold atoms.

Superconducting ''wiggler'' for the VEPP-3 storage ring and its effect on particle motion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barkov, L.M.; Baryshev, V.B.; Kulipanov, G.N.; Mezentsev, N.A.; Pindyurin, V.F.; Skrinskij, A.N.; Khorev, V.M.; Sheromov, M.A.

1979-01-01

To improve characteristics of synchrotron radiation, a superconducting S-type device has been developed and tested, which produces a sign-variable periodic magnetic field with an amplitude of 35 kGs and a half-period of 4.5 cm in the staight section of the VEPP-3 storage ring. The magnetic S-type device comprises 20 superconducting magnets (SCM) connected in series. SCM windings are made of NbTi multicore cables with a diameter of 0.7 mm and a glass fabric impregnated with an epoxy compound. The test results showed that the number of superconductivity disruptions for an operating current of 210 A constitutes 3 or 4 per a SCM, with the magnet critical current increasing from 130-150 A to 210-230 A and reaching a value of 0.9-0.95 of the measured critical current of short superconductor samples

Superconducting LINAC booster for the pelletron accelerator at Bombay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pillay, R.G.; Kurup, M.B.; Jain, A.K.; Biswas, D.; Kori, S.A.; Srinivasan, B.

1989-01-01

A superconducting heavy ion linear accelerator being constructed as a booster for the 14 UD pelletron installed recently at Bombay. The work involved in this project and the progress made so far are reviewed. (author). 15 refs., 8 figs

structure-chemical analyses of half-antiperovskites and superconductivity of parkerites; Strukturchemische Untersuchungen an Halbantiperowskiten und Supraleitung der Parkerite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Peter, Philipp

2015-04-22

The aim of this work was the structural investigation on Halfantiperowskites. In the process four new compounds were synthesized and a new ordering variant was found. Furthermore superconductivity was measured on selected compounds of the Parkerite-type of structure and an attempt was made to change the transition temperature by selective doping.

Emergent Higgsless Superconductivity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristina Diamantini M.

2017-01-01

Full Text Available We present a new Higgsless model of superconductivity, inspired from anyon superconductivity but P- and T-invariant and generalizable to any dimension. While the original anyon superconductivity mechanism was based on incompressible quantum Hall fluids as average field states, our mechanism involves topological insulators as average field states. In D space dimensions it involves a (D-1-form fictitious pseudovector gauge field which originates from the condensation of topological defects in compact lowenergy effective BF theories. There is no massive Higgs scalar as there is no local order parameter. When electromagnetism is switched on, the photon acquires mass by the topological BF mechanism. Although the charge of the gapless mode (2 and the topological order (4 are the same as those of the standard Higgs model, the two models of superconductivity are clearly different since the origins of the gap, reflected in the high-energy sectors are totally different. In 2D thi! s type of superconductivity is explicitly realized as global superconductivity in Josephson junction arrays. In 3D this model predicts a possible phase transition from topological insulators to Higgsless superconductors.