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Sample records for HerenciaAmbienteIntervaloentrepartosRomosinuano

  1. Herencia y ambiente: una aproximación interactiva hacia el talento

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    Franz J. Monks

    1996-12-01

    Full Text Available El artículo presenta una reflexión crítica acerca de la relación interactiva entre la herencia y el ambiente en el desarrollo del talento desde la perspectiva de la psicología del desarrollo. En primer lugar se hace una reflexión respecto a aquello que constituye el desarrollo humano, para luego formular un modelo interactivo sobre el desarrollo del talentoso. Finalmente se plantean las necesidades socio/emocionales de los niños talentosos y los posibles problemas que estas pueden acarrear.

  2. EFECTOS DEL MEDIO Y LA HERENCIA SOBRE EL PESO AL DESTETE DE TERNEROS DE LA RAZA ROMOSINUANO

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    Gustavo Ossa S

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available Fueron analizados 1877 datos del peso al destete de terneros de la raza Romosinuano, relativos al período1980 a 2001. El peso medio al destete fue de 182,88 ± 0,67 kg, con una desviación estándar de 29,35kg y un coeficiente de variación del 16,02%. Los efectos del año, mes de nacimiento, el número del partoy el sexo del ternero, influyeron significativamente en el peso al destete. La heredabilidad estimada parael peso al destete según el efecto directo fue de 0,14 ± 0,05 y para el efecto materno fue de 0,12 ± 0,03.

  3. FACTORES AMBIENTALES Y GENÉTICOS QUE INFLUYEN SOBRE LA EDAD AL PRIMER PARTO EN HEMBRAS DE LA RAZA ROMOSINUANO

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    Marco Suárez

    2006-05-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo. Estudiar los factores ambientales y genéticos que influyen sobre la edad al primer parto dehembras romosinuano. Materiales y métodos. Fueron estudiados 932 datos de la edad al primer partode hembras de la raza Romosinuano, nacidas en el Centro de Investigación Turipaná de CORPOICA,Cereté, Colombia, en el período de 1980 a 2001. Para el estudio de los factores ambientales se utilizóel análisis de varianza mediante modelos lineales utilizando el procedimiento GLM de SAS (1995.Resultados. La edad al primer parto fue de 1162.3±4.2 días, con un coeficiente de variación del 11.19%.El análisis de varianza reveló que el año y mes de nacimiento fueron causas estadísticamente significativasde variación de la edad al primer parto. La heredabilidad, calculada por la correlación intraclase entremedias hermanas paternas fue de 0.16±0.08. Conclusión. El año y mes de nacimiento influyeron en laedad al primer parto de hembras romosinuano, pero la heredabilidad de la edad al primer parto y elsexo de la cría no se constituyen en características importantes a tener en cuenta.

  4. Heterosis and direct effects for Charolais-sired calf weight and growth, cow weight and weight change, and ratios of cow and calf weights and weight changes across warm season lactation in Romosinuano, Angus, and F1 cows in A

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    The use of Brahman in cow-calf production in the southeastern U.S. offers some adaptation to the harsh characteristics of endophyte-infected tall fescue. Other breeds, such as the Criollo breed Romosinuano, may provide similar adaptative characteristics. The objectives were to evaluate Romosinuano...

  5. Evaluation of the Criollo breed Romosinuano as purebred and crossbred cows with Brahman and Angus in Florida. I. Reproduction and parturition

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    The objectives of this work were to compare reproduction and parturition traits of the Criollo breed Romosinuano as straightbred and crossbred cows with Angus and Brahman, to estimate heterosis and direct and maternal genetic breed effects, and to describe calf loss, cow removals from the project, t...

  6. Evaluation of the Criollo breed Romosinuano as purebred and crossbred cows with Brahman and Angus in Florida. II. Maternal influence on calf traits, cow weight, and measures of maternal efficiency.

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    Riley, D G; Chase, C C; Coleman, S W; Olson, T A

    2014-05-01

    The objectives of this work were to compare the Criollo breed Romosinuano as straightbred and crossbred cows with Angus and Brahman in subtropical Florida and to estimate heterosis for size traits of their calves, their own weight, and maternal efficiency traits. Cows (n = 404) were born from 2002 to 2005. After their first exposure to bulls as young cows, crossbred cows were bred to bulls of the third breed, and straightbred cows were bred in to bulls of the other 2 breeds. Calves were spring-born from 2005 through 2011. Evaluated calf (n = 1,254) traits included birth weight and weight, ADG, BCS, and hip height at weaning. Cow weight (n = 1,389) was recorded at weaning. Maternal efficiency traits evaluated included weaning weight per 100 kg cow weight, weaning weight per calving interval, and weaning weight per cow exposed to breeding (n = 1,442). Fixed effects and their interactions were investigated included sire and dam breed of cow, sire breed of calf, cow age, year, calf gender, and weaning age as a linear covariate (calf traits at weaning). Direct and maternal additive genetic effects were random in models for calf traits; only direct additive effects were modeled for cow traits. Cows sired by Angus bulls from outside the research herd had calves that were heavier at birth and weaning and greater ADG, BCS, and hip height (P cow weight was 65 ± 8 kg for Brahman-Angus (P cow weight was 3.4 ± 0.75 kg for Romosinuano-Angus. Heterosis estimates for weaning weight/calving interval (P cow exposed were 31.6 7.7, 36.9 ± 7.4, and 59.1 ± 7.5 kg for Romosinuano-Angus, Romosinuano-Brahman, and Brahman-Angus, respectively (P cows excelled.

  7. Derechos de propiedad, herencia de las esposas e igualdad de género: aspectos comparativos entre Brasil e Hispanoamérica

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    DEERE,CARMEN DIANA; LEÓN,MAGDALENA

    2001-01-01

    En América Latina durante el curso del siglo XX se lograron considerables avances para fortalecer los derechos de propiedad de la mujer casada. Sin embargo, se ha prestado atención limitada a los derechos de herencia de las esposas. La revisión de las normas legales en doce países permite argumentar que las viudas están a menudo en una posición de desventaja en comparación con las hijas/os de la pareja. Las normas sobre herencia no fueron diseñadas para dar a las viudas la posibilidad de auto...

  8. Evaluation of the Criollo breed Romosinuano as purebred and crossbred cows with Brahman and Angus in Florida: I. Reproduction and parturition.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Riley, D G; Chase, C C; Coleman, S W; Olson, T A

    2014-05-01

    The objectives of this work were to compare reproduction and parturition traits of the Criollo breed Romosinuano as straightbred and crossbred cows with Angus and Brahman, to estimate heterosis and direct and maternal genetic breed effects, and to describe calf loss, cow removals from the project, the occurrence of calving difficulty, inadequate calf vigor at birth, and udder problems by cow breed groups. Cows (n = 404) were born from 2002 to 2005. After their first exposure to bulls as young cows, in all subsequent breeding seasons crossbred cows were bred to bulls of the third breed, and straightbred cows were bred to bulls of the other two breeds. Calving records (n = 1,484) from 2005 to 2011 were used to create calving and weaning rate and calving interval (excluding the interval between 2 and 3 yr of age). Final models for these traits included sire breed-dam breed interaction, cow age within year, and random animal effects. Heterosis estimates for Romosinuano-Brahman calving and weaning rate were 0.06 ± 0.02 and 0.07 ± 0.03 (P Angus were twice as large (0.13 ± 0.03 and 0.14 ± 0.03, respectively; P Angus direct effects were beneficial for both traits (0.1 ± 0.05, P Angus, respectively (P Angus dams had the most occurrences of difficult births as a proportion of cows that calved (0.028 and 0.025, P = 0.04). Angus-sired crossbred cows and Brahman cows had the most occurrences of udder problems as a proportion of lactating cows (0.14 to 0.21, P Angus cow performance was acceptable, but for most traits, those pairs of breeds had lower heterosis than Brahman-Angus.

  9. La herencia escotista en la Filosofía política moderna*

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    Ignacio Miralbell

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Se busca mostrar la fuerte herencia voluntarista tardo-medieval de origen escotista en la filosofía política moderna, sobre todo en Bodino, Maquiavelo y Hobbes, pero también en Locke, Rousseau y Kant. Se examina la concepción escotista del poder y su fundamentación filosófico-teológica, así como algunos tópicos de su "nueva" metafísica y antropología para desglosar sus consecuencias directas o indirectas en la filosofía política moderna.

  10. Heterosis and direct effects for Charolais-sired calf weight and growth, cow weight and weight change, and ratios of cow and calf weights and weight changes across warm season lactation in Romosinuano, Angus, and F cows in Arkansas.

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    Riley, D G; Burke, J M; Chase, C C; Coleman, S W

    2016-01-01

    The use of Brahman in cow-calf production offers some adaptation to the harsh characteristics of endophyte-infected tall fescue. Criollo breeds, such as the Romosinuano, may have similar adaptation. The objectives were to estimate genetic effects in Romosinuano, Angus, and crossbred cows for their weights, weights of their calves, and ratios (calf weight:cow weight and cow weight change:calf weight gain) across lactation and to assess the influence of forage on traits and estimates. Cows ( = 91) were bred to Charolais bulls after their second parity. Calves ( = 214) were born from 2006 to 2009. Cows and calves were weighed in early (April and June), mid- (July), and late lactation (August and October). Animal was a random effect in analyses of calf data; sire was random in analyses of cow records and ratios. Fixed effects investigated included calf age, calf sex, cow age-year combinations, sire breed of cow, dam breed of cow, and interactions. Subsequent analyses evaluated the effect of forage grazed: endophyte-free or endophyte-infected tall fescue. Estimates of maternal heterosis for calf weight ranged from 9.3 ± 4.3 to 15.4 ± 5.7 kg from mid-lactation through weaning ( cow) were -6.8 ± 3.0 and -8.9 ± 4.2 kg for weights recorded in April and June. Calf weights and weight gains from birth were greater ( cows grazing endophyte-free tall fescue except in mid-summer. Cow weight change from April to each time was negative for Angus cows and lower ( Cows grazing endophyte-free tall fescue were heavier ( cows had the lowest ( cow weight change:calf weight gain, indicating an energy-deficit condition. Cows grazing endophyte-free tall fescue had more negative ( cow weight, 7.9 ± 3.0 to 15.8 ± 5.0 kg for cow weight change, and 0.07 ± 0.03 to 0.27 ± 0.1 for cow weight change:calf weight gain. Direct Romosinuano effects ranged from 14.8 ± 4.2 to 49.8 ± 7.7 kg for cow weight change and 0.2 ± 0.04 to 0.51 ± 0.14 for cow weight change:calf weight gain. The adaptive

  11. Herencia de la retinosis pigmentaria en la provincia Camagüey Inheritance of retinitis pigmentosa in the province of Camagüey

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    Elisa Dyce Gordon

    1999-06-01

    Full Text Available Con el objetivo de clasificar a los pacientes con Retinosis Pigmentaria y a sus respectivas familias según la herencia y exponer el valor de dicha clasificación, se realizó un estudio descriptivo con 354 individuos afectados, distribuidos en 191 familias camagüeyanas. A través de entrevistas y la confección e interpretación del árbol genealógico se obtuvieron los datos necesarios. Se realizó estadística descriptiva con pruebas de chi-cuadrado y de probabilidad estadística. El 36,65 % de las familias estuvieron representadas por los casos con herencia no definida (simple seguidas por las herencias autosómica recesiva (27,75 % y autosómica dominante (24,60 %, esta última con el 87 % de penetrancia. Estadísticamente significativa fue la asociación de la consanguinidad con las herencias recesivas ( p A descriptive study of 354 affected individuals distributed in 190 families from Camagüey was conducted aimed at classifying those patients with retinitis pigmentosa and their families according to inheritance and at showing the value of such classification. The necessary data were obtained by interviews and genealogical analysis. A descriptive statistics was presented based on chi square test and statistical probability test. 36,65 % of the families were represent by the cases with indefinite (simple inheritance followed by recessive autosomal inheritances (27,75 % and dominant autosomal inheritance (24,60 %. The latter with 87 % of penetrance. The association of consanguinity with the recesive inheritances was statistically significant (p < ,005. 231 new diagnosis (39,75 % were made among the 581 patients who were examined. Knowing the ways of inheritance of retinis pigmentosa of each patient and this family is very important for screening the affected individuals and for preventing the disease

  12. La herencia en el glaucoma primario de ángulo abierto en la provincia Las Tunas Heredity in primary open-angle glaucoma in the province of Las Tunas

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    Yunia H Labrada Rodríguez

    2000-12-01

    Full Text Available Se presentaron los resultados de un estudio realizado en 72 pacientes con glaucoma primario de ángulo abierto y sus familiares. Las familias se agruparon según patrón de herencia y se relacionó el tipo de herencia con antecedentes patológicos personales, edad y sexo. Se obtuvo el 50 % de familias con patrón de herencia no definido, el 25 % con patrón autosómico dominante y el 25 % con patrón autosómico recesivoResults of a study carried out in 72 patients presenting with open-angle primary glaucoma and their relatives are presented. Families were grouped according to inheritance pattern, and type of inheritance with personal pathologic backgrounds, age and sex were related. There was 50 % of families with indefinite inheritance pattern, 25 % with autosomal dominant pattern, and 25 % with autosomal recessive

  13. Servicio de Mapas en Internet para la Salud Ambiental en la Region Fronteriza Entre los Estados Unidos y Mexico

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    Buckler, Denny; Stefanov, Jim

    2004-01-01

    La region fronteriza de los Estados Unidos y Mexico abarca una gran diversidad de ambientes fisicos y habitaciones, entre los cuales estan los humedales, desiertos, pastos, montanas, y bosques. Estos a su vez son unicos en cuanto a su diversidad de recursos acuaticos minerales, y biologicos. La region se interconecta economica, politica, y socialmente debido a su herencia binacional. En 1995, cerca de 11 millones de habitantes vivian en la zona adyacente a la frontera. Un estudio sugiere que esa poblacion podria doblarse antes del ano 2020.

  14. Evolución, ontogenia y herencia

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    Olimpo Galindo L.

    1936-11-01

    Full Text Available Conferencia leída en la cátedra de Fisiología de la Facultad de Medicina, a cargo del doctor Aguilera Camacho, el día 27 de septiembre de 1935. Evolución de la materia hasta el hombre. En el estudio de la evolución de la materia hasta el hombre y los animales en general, y de la influencia que tiene la herencia sobre esa misma evolución, y el medio en que ésta se efectúa, se abarca un campo demasiado vasto que, a grandes rasgos me esforzaré por bosquejar en estas líneas. Partimos siempre de la formación de la materia viviente, merced a fuerzas físico-químicas estimuladas por una causa aún inexplicada a satisfacción general. Veremos su desarrollo, su progreso, su adquisición de órganos más adecuados para la subsistencia, dentro de su propia posibilidad, la diferenciación de sus fuciones y de sus órganos respectivos, y, finalmente, la culminación de esa escala evolutiva en la materia más perfeccionada o sea en el hombre. Las dos principales teorías que tratan de explicar esta evolución, son: la teoría filosófica de Spencer y la biológica de Darwin.

  15. IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UNA UNIDAD DIDÁCTICA PARA LA ENSEÑANZA DEL CONCEPTO HERENCIA EN JÓVENES DE OCTAVO DEL COLEGIO MANUELITA SÁENZ IED.

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    Cindy Lorena Baracaldo Huertas

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available La enseñanza del concepto de herencia es parte importante del currículo actual de ciencias naturales ya que pone de presente la explicación compleja de la transmisión de información genética de generación en generación, y éste proceso a su vez, le permite al estudiante dilucidar que los diversos elementos integrantes del proceso de herencia genética hacen parte de él y lo constituyen como ser vivo. En este sentido, este artículo pretende mostrar los efectos obtenidos en la aplicación de la unidad didáctica: “Herencia genética: una mirada a través de lo que somos” en jóvenes de octavo grado, así como también las reacciones que tuvo la profesora titular del curso durante el desarrollo de las diversas actividades propuestas en esta unidad, la cual maneja un enfoque expositivo, en donde el aprendizaje significativo es la mejor herramienta que puede utilizar el docente. Así pues, se concluye que las experiencias innovadoras constituyen una fuente importante de aprendizaje, razón por la que el docente debe tener siempre la mente abierta a cambios en la forma de construir conocimiento con los estudiantes.

  16. Herencia y memoria: ¿un nuevo rol para los priones?

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    Vladimir Ávila Ávila

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available Los priones causan las encefalopatías espongiformes enmamíferos y humanos. Los agregados de proteínaspresentes en estas entidades son similares a las de otrasenfermedades neurodegenerativas como la enfermedad deAlzheimer. Sin embargo, hallazgos recientes sugieren quebajo circunstancias específicas los priones podríanparticipar de muchos procesos biológicos. En organismosdel reino fungi los priones actúan como elementosgenéticos para la herencia de fenotipos ante condicionesmedio ambientales adversas; un modelo en Aplysiamuestra que podrían existir proteínas de característicassimilares a los priones en organismos superiorescumpliendo funciones en los procesos de formación de lamemoria como la CPEB (Proteína de unión al elemento depoliadenilación. ¿Pueden los priones en realidad participaren los procesos biológicos? Aquí revisamos algunosdetalles de las enfermedades causadas por priones en elhombre, los priones como elementos genéticos y laimportancia de la capacidad de los priones para guardarinformación en los procesos de la memoria.

  17. Sorderas neurosensoriales no sindrómicas: Análisis de la herencia en 10 familias

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    Ibis Menéndez

    1998-06-01

    Full Text Available Se reportan los árboles genealógicos de 10 probandos afectados con sorderas neurosensoriales no sindrómicas de aparición familiar. El análisis genético practicado permitió reconocer la clara segregación de un único gen de sordera en 7 familias (3 autosómicas recesivas, 2 autosómicas dominantes, 1 ligada al cromosoma X, 1 con herencia mitocondrial. En las 3 familias restantes resultó difícil el análisis y se propuso la herencia recesiva como la más probable, sobre la base, fundamentalmente, de las características de la pérdida auditiva (congénita, bilateral, severa o profunda. En general las sorderas autosómicas recesivas fueron las más frecuentes. Se corrobora que estos estudios suelen ser complicados por la gran heterogeneidad que pueden presentar a todos los niveles las sorderas neurosensoriales no sindrómicas.The pedigress of 10 examiness affected with non syndrome neurosensorial deafness of familial appearance were erported. The genetical analysis made allowed to recognize the clear segregation of a sale gene of deafness in 7 families (3 recessive autosomal, 2 dominant autosomal, 1 linked to cromosome X, and 1 with mitochondrial heredity. In the other 3 hamilies the analysis was difficult and the recessive heredity was suggested as the most probable, based mainly on the characteristics of auditive loss (congenital, bilateral, severe or deep. In general, the recessive autosomal deafness was the most common. It was corroborated that these studies are usually complicated due to the great heterogeneity that the non syndromic neurosensorial deafness may present at all levels.

  18. El regreso de los fantasmas. Escrituras de la herencia en las ficciones de Sergio Chejfec y Roberto Raschella

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    Gina Alessandra Saraceni

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo se propone reflexionar sobre la figura del heredero en algunas novelas de los argentinos Sergio Chejfec y Roberto Raschella a partir de la pregunta sobre cómo un sujeto se inscribe en una genealogía, cómo responde a la deuda con sus antecesores siguiendo el planteamiento derridiano de la herencia como proceso de lectura e interpretación de un mandato. Se trata de reflexionar sobre el espectro que desajusta el presente reclamando responsabilidad y atención.

  19. La educación de las mujeres en dos novelas peruanas del siglo XIX : Herencia y Blanca Sol

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    Bustamante Oliva, Lita Giannina

    2015-01-01

    Esta investigación describe la situación de la educación de las mujeres peruanas de la élite limeña a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Analizando los aspectos educativos presentados en las novelas Herencia y Blanca Sol, de Clorinda Matto de Turner y Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera respectivamente, se explican e interpretan las características de la educación que se ofrecía a niñas y jóvenes en la capital del Perú. Por un lado, los colegios privados de la época presentaban tanto un curr...

  20. Ambientalismo y religión: Vínculos entre la crisis ambiental contemporánea y el legado judeocristiano

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    Rico Méndez Alejandro

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo del presente artículo es reflexionar sobre el tema ambiental desde una perspectiva religiosa. Concretamente, se analiza de forma exhaustiva el papel de las creencias religiosas en la constitución de la problemática ambiental contemporánea, teniendo en cuenta que esta dimensión del fenómeno continúa siendo poco estudiada, lo que dificulta su comprensión. Para ello en un primer momento, se muestra como la herencia judeocristiana ha cumplido una función neurálgica, aunque muchas veces poco evidente, en la constitución de muchos de los elementos estructurales que han favorecido el surgimiento de la actual crisis ambiental. Pese a lo anterior, en un segundo momento, se indica como simultáneamente en dicho legado cultural, se encuentra una gran cantidad de elementos que favorecen el cuidado y la preservación ambiental. No sobra anotar que dicho análisis se ha llevado a cabo a partir de la revisión minuciosa de los documentos de mayor relevancia, difusión y actualidad que existen al respecto, tal como se podrá apreciar en la bibliografía. Una de las conclusiones del trabajo es que contrario a lo que podría pensarse, son muchas más las cosas que el judeocristianismo puede aportar a la preservación del ambiente que a su degradación, razón por la cual entre ambientalistas y religiosos, es posible establecer y fortalecer diferentes tipos de alianzas en pro de la construcción de un mundo mejor.

  1. Consanguinidad, sífilis, herencia y matrimonio: el lento advenimiento de la intervención médica en las leyes mexicanas del matrimonio

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    Carlos López Beltrán

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available The noun “heredity”, in its biological sense, first circulated in France during the 1830s. During that century, heredity was linked to the pessimistic notion of degeneration, the control of which became a tool for the academic and political projects of French physicians to be included in those of the Nation. Something similar occurred in Mexico. After two generations of late 19th and early 20th centuries physicians, which incorporated the manipulation of heredity into their projects and questioned, just as their French colleagues, consanguineous marriages, medical supervision of every union –consanguineous or not– became compulsory within the civil marriage regulations, coinciding with the institutionalization of the Mexican eugenic movement. Even if they had moved from Europe to Mexico, notions of heredity, degeneration, consanguinity and eugenics were adjusted and justified according to the local situation and prevailing values of the Mexican society.//El sustantivo “herencia” en su sentido biológico comenzó a circular en Francia en la década de los años treinta del siglo XIX. En ese mismo siglo la herencia fue vinculada a la pesimista noción de degeneración y el control sobre la misma se convirtió en una herramienta de los médicos franceses para incluir sus proyectos académicos y políticos en los de la nación francesa. En México sucedió una cosa similar. Después de dos generaciones distinguibles de médicos de finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX que incorporaron a sus proyectos la manipulación de la herencia en el mismo tenor que había tenido en Francia y en las que se cuestionaron los matrimonios consanguíneos, se instaló como parte de las leyes que rigen al matrimonio civil la necesidad de la vigilancia médica de todas las uniones, y no sólo las de este tipo. Esto ocurrió justo en el momento en el que movimiento eugenésico mexicano se institucionalizó. A pesar de haberse trasladado desde Europa a la

  2. Filogenia y herencia arcaica en la obra de Freud: La búsqueda de la etiologia y la pasión por lo real

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    Silvana Vetö Honorato

    Full Text Available La obra teórica de Sigmund Freud contiene múltiples referencias al tópico de la herencia arcaica y la filogenia. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar ese aspecto de su obra, con el cometido de señalar las limitaciones de las interpretaciones más frecuentes, que tienden a ver allí un impacto del darwinismo en Freud o de simplemente negar su relevancia. Intentaremos mostrar que el recurso a la filogenia respondió enteramente a un interrogante clínico por la etiología de las neurosis.

  3. Herencias culturales desconocidas, el caso del patrimonio industrial mexicano

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    Victoria Novelo Oppenheim

    2005-07-01

    Full Text Available Si bien la noción de "patrimonio cultural" se ha transformado a lo largo de la historia reciente de México, éste se refiere fundamentalmente al aprecio y conservación de los monumentos y sitios de importancia en la vida prehispánica y colonial del país. A pesar de algunos esfuerzos aislados, no se ha ampliado para incluir la preservación y difusión de las herencias que dejaron las primeras etapas de formación de un sistema de fábricas, tanto en forma física como intangible. La autora argumenta la necesidad de investigar con las herramientas y el método de la "arqueología industrial" un rico y desconocido patrimonio industrial que debería, por los profundos cambios culturales que significó en la construcción de la nueva sociedad industrial mexicana y por tanto en las identidades culturales, ser considerado dentro del patrimonio cultural nacional y por tanto, investigado, registrado, preservado, difundido y vigilado.Although the concept of cultural heritage has changed along with history, in Mexico it involves primarily the conservation, appreciation and restoration of some of the great number of prehispanic and colonial monuments and sites. Some efforts have been made to expand the concept, basically from those studying the labor class culture or the history of architecture and technology so that it can include the industrial past, since the stage known as "Industrial Revolution" is a very meaningful heritage since it brought about very profound changes in the ways of life of the Mexican people and therefore, the Mexican society as a whole. The author of the article seeks that social scientists and cultural policies should give much more importance to the study, documentation, preservation and diffusion or that industrial heritage (tangible and intangible with the help of "industrial archaeology" and its methods of research.

  4. Multigenerational inheritance and clinical characteristics of three large pedigrees with early-onset type 2 diabetes in Jamaica Herencia multigeneracional y características clínicas de la diabetes tipo 2 de inicio temprano en tres árboles genealógicos grandes de Jamaica

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    James L. Mills

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To document the existence and clinical characteristics of three large families with multigenerational inheritance of early-onset type 2 diabetes in Jamaica. METHODS: Three probands from large families with multigenerational inheritance of early-onset type 2 diabetes in at least three generations were detected at the University Hospital of the West Indies in Jamaica. Each proband at the time of diagnosis was OBJETIVO: Documentar la presencia de herencia multigeneracional de la diabetes de tipo II de inicio temprano en tres familias jamaiquinas grandes y describir sus características clínicas. MÉTODOS: En el Hospital Universitario de West Indies en Jamaica, se detectaron tres probandos de familias grandes en las que se observó herencia multigeneracional de la diabetes tipo 2 de inicio temprano en al menos tres generaciones. Al momento del diagnóstico, cada probando tenía # 25 años de edad, era delgado y no necesitó insulinoterapia. Se emprendieron estudios clínicos, metabólicos y genéticos con el fin de determinar las características particulares de la diabetes que presentan estas tres familias. RESULTADOS: Se investigaron tres árboles genealógicos -BK, SU y CA- conformados por 38, 48 y 113 miembros, respectivamente. Cada árbol presentaba herencia multigeneracional de diabetes tipo 2 de inicio temprano en al menos tres generaciones. En los tres árboles genealógicos, la media de la edad al momento del diagnóstico fue de 31,5 ± 2,9 años y 10 personas tenían menos de 25 años. Se observaron signos indicativos de sobrepeso, resistencia insulínica, baja secreción de insulina, dislipidemia y obesidad intrabdominal leve. No se hallaron anticuerpos contra las células de los islotes ni variantes en la secuencia de los genes MODY1 a MODY6. CONCLUSIONES: Algunas familias grandes de la población jamaiquina presentan herencia multigeneracional de la diabetes y otras características indicativas de diabetes tipo 2 de inicio

  5. Herencia de la resistencia al virus del mosaico deformante del pimentón PepDMV en Capsicum

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mario Augusto García Dávila

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available En busca de determinar el modo de herencia de la resistencia en tres materiales resistentes, se hicieron cruzamientos hacia tres líneas susceptibles. Se siguió el método del retrocruzamiento propuesto por Warner (1952 fundamentado en el modelo matemático de Fisher Immer y Tedin (1932 descrito con detalle por Mater (1949 y Jenkins (1982, 1984 en el cual se descompone la varianza genética en tres componentes: aditiva, dominancia y epistática. El modelo del retrocruzamiento incluye los dos parentales, el hibrido de la primera generación y la autofecunfación de la F1 para formar la población F2 y las retrocruzas hacia ambos padres. Las poblaciones fueron evaluadas a resistencia al virus del mosaico del pimentón PepDMV en condiciones de invernadero. Los resultados mostraron que el modelo aditivodominancia explicó la resistencia en los híbridos formados entre materiales resistentes y susceptibles. Los genes con acción heredable transmiten a la descendencia el efecto de resistencia. La ganancia de la resistencia viral se da por la presencia de parentales resistentes.

  6. La herencia universitaria a 100 años de la reforma – debates y combates sobre su vigencia y perspectivas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pablo Imen

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo se propone analizar, desde la perspectiva del siglo XXI, los acervos de la Reforma Universitaria de Córdoba, Argentina, el 15 de junio de 1918. En aquél entonces la reacción estudiantil contra una institución universitaria clerical, autoritaria y conservadora incluyó su crítica como una alternativa democratizadora que se expandió por América Latina. Durante el siglo XX hubo distintas experiencias que resultan aportes valiosos para pensar la Universidad del siglo XXI en el marco de la construcción de la Patria Grande a partir del reformismo y del nacionalismo popular revolucionario. La Declaración de Cartagena de Indias de 2008, por parte del Consejo Regional de Educación Superior (CRES de la UNESCO recupera estas herencias, proponiendo rescates de su espíritu democratizador en los planos del gobierno, su proyecto pedagógico y su proyección hacia los contextos nacionales y regionales

  7. Ambient Space and Ambient Sensation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Schmidt, Ulrik

    The ambient is the aesthetic production of the sensation of being surrounded. As a concept, 'ambient' is mostly used in relation to the music genre 'ambient music' and Brian Eno's idea of environmental background music. However, the production of ambient sensations must be regarded as a central...... aspect of the aesthetization of modern culture in general, from architecture, transport and urbanized lifeforms to film, sound art, installation art and digital environments. This presentation will discuss the key aspects of ambient aesthetization, including issues such as objectlessness...

  8. ¿Hacer tabla rasa de la historia?: la analogía entre herencia fisiológica y memoria en el anarquismo español (1870-1914

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Girón, Álvaro

    2000-12-01

    Full Text Available

    The expansion of Darwinism stimulated a great deal of interest about the phenomena associated with heredity during the 1870-1930 years. Spanish anarchists, even though they were not specifically interested in the causes of variation and heredity, manifested an explicit concern about its potential effects. In fact, the analogy between memory and heredity, normally linked with Neolamarckian theories, proved to be extremely useful to rationalise those aspects of social and historical reality more difficult to accept from a libertarian point of view.



    La difusión del darwinismo estimuló un gran interés sobre los fenómenos asociados con la herencia fisiológica en el período 1870-1930. Los anarquistas españoles, aunque no se interesaron específicamente por las causas de la herencia y la variación, sí manifestaron una preocupación evidente sobre sus

  9. Derechos de propiedad, herencia de las esposas e igualdad de género: aspectos comparativos entre Brasil e Hispanoamérica Property Rights, Inheritance by Wives and Gender Equality: Brazil and Hispanic America in Comparative Perspective

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    CARMEN DIANA DEERE

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available En América Latina durante el curso del siglo XX se lograron considerables avances para fortalecer los derechos de propiedad de la mujer casada. Sin embargo, se ha prestado atención limitada a los derechos de herencia de las esposas. La revisión de las normas legales en doce países permite argumentar que las viudas están a menudo en una posición de desventaja en comparación con las hijas/os de la pareja. Las normas sobre herencia no fueron diseñadas para dar a las viudas la posibilidad de autonomía económica, por medio del control de la finca familiar o los negocios. Si se tiene en cuenta la diferencia de género a favor de la mujer en la expectativa de vida y la cobertura limitada de las mujeres en la seguridad social (especialmente las rurales en la mayoría de los países, las mujeres son particularmente vulnerables cuando enviudan. Es urgente que el movimiento de mujeres tenga en cuenta en su agenda el tema de los derechos de herencia, en razón de que su fortalecimiento es necesario para el logro de la redistribución de la propiedad y de una al igualdad de géneroConsiderable gains were made in Latin America over the course of the twentieth century in strengthening the property rights of married women. Insufficient attention, nonetheless, has been given to the inheritance rights of wives. Reviewing the legal norms for twelve countries, it is argued that widows are often in a disadvantaged position compared to the children of a couple. Inheritance norms were not designed to give widows the possibility for economic autonomy, such as through control of the family farm or business. Moreover, given the gender gap favoring women in the lengthening of life spans and the low coverage of social security (particularly in rural areas in most countries, they are particularly vulnerable when they are widowed. The women's movement is urged to take on the issue of inheritance rights since strengthening these are necessary to achieve a

  10. La enfermedad perinatal y la prematuridad pertenecen a un síndrome clínico multifactorial: participación de la herencia de enfermedad vascular, la flora microbiana vaginal y el estado nutricional

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lilia Huiza

    2003-09-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: 1 Conocer las características maternas y la asociación de la flora microbiana vaginal (FMV en gestantes con riesgo alto de prematuridad (GAP; y, 2 Determinar la asociación de la FMV y el resultado materno-perinatal en dichas gestantes. DISEÑO: Estudio caso-control, desde enero 1994 hasta diciembre 1995. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: El grupo de casos incluyó 238 madres con gestaciones simples, internadas por amenaza de parto pretérmino, fluido vaginal aumentado, pielonefritis aguda e hipertensión arterial, a quienes se realizó estudio directo en lámina de la FMV. El grupo control consistió en 3 850 gestantes con feto único que tuvieron parto a término en el mismo período. Las gestantes del grupo de casos fueron separadas en aquellas que presentaron vaginitis bacteriana (n=136, vaginosis bacteriana (VB, n=57 y trichomonas vaginalis (TV, n=45. RESULTADOS: Las gestantes con TV y aquellas con VB tenían una pareja sexual. Los casos presentaron mayor riesgo de malnutrición materna, peso materno bajo, un familiar diabético/hipertenso crónico, prediabetes, anemia crónica, amenaza de aborto, cicatriz uterina, fiebre puerperal y endometritis. Los neonatos de los casos presentaron mayor riesgo de hiperbilirrubinemia, sepsis neonatal, prematuridad, dificultad respiratoria, morbilidad neonatal, infante pequeño y grande para la edad de gestación. CONCLUSIONES: La herencia y el medio ambiente determinan el estado de nutrición, el tipo de flora microbiana vaginal y la respuesta inflamatoria del huésped (madre/feto. La respuesta del huésped a varios factores estresores sería la responsable del síndrome del parto pretérmino, la prematuridad y la morbilidad neonatal.

  11. Det Ambiente

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Schmidt, Ulrik

    Det ambiente er iscenesættelsen af en karakteristisk sanseoplevelse, der er kendetegnet ved fornemmelsen af at være omgivet. I dag bliver begrebet om det ambiente mest anvendt i forbindelse med musikgenren ’ambient musik’. Det ambiente er dog ikke essentielt knyttet til det musikalske, men må...... forstås som et betydeligt bredere fænomen i den moderne æstetiske kultur, der spiller en væsentlig rolle i oplevelsen af moderne transportformer, arkitektur, film, lydkunst, installationskunst og digitale multimedieiscenesættelser. En forståelse af det ambiente er derfor centralt for forståelsen af en...... moderne æstetiseret oplevelseskultur i almindelighed. Da det ambiente ikke hidtil har været gjort til genstand for en mere indgående teoretisk behandling, er der dog stor usikkerhed omkring, hvad fænomenet overhovedet indebærer. Hovedformålet med Det ambiente – Sansning, medialisering, omgivelse er derfor...

  12. EL ORIGEN DE LAS ESPECIES Y SU RELACION CON EL INICIO DE LA ACTUAL TEORIA DE LA HERENCIA.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    William Usanquén

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available En los 200 años del nacimiento de Charles Darwin se ha realizado un sinfín de discusiones y se han publicado cientos de artículos por todo el mundo haciendo referencia a los aportes de “El origen de las especies” en las diferentes ramas de la cultura occidental, Sin embargo, haciendo un mayor énfasis en las obras, como producto madurado de la mente humana, en este año más que ser el aniversario número doscientos del nacimiento de Darwin, es el 200 aniversario de la aparición de una obra fundamental dentro de la teoría biológica: La “Philosophie Zoologique” escrita por Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. Por otra parte, también celebramos los 150 años de la primera edicion de “The Origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life”. En la primera parte se mostraran algunos elementos históricos relacionados con la filosofía zoológica y el contexto político de su nacimiento. Posteriormente se revisaran los principales conceptos darwinianos relacionados con la herencia y sus consecuencias en la formación de la disciplina llamada genética, se estudiara el caso especial de Gregor Mendel y finalmente se mostraran las implicaciones actuales en nuestra interpretación de la teoría evolutiva.

  13. Herencia de la resistencia a Phoma andina var. Crystalliniformis en tomate Resistance hederabillty of Phoma andina var. Eristalliniformis in tomato

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cortina Guerrero Hernando Alfonso

    1988-12-01

    Full Text Available Con el fin de estudiar la herencia de la resistencia a Phoma andina varo crvstslliniformis en tomate Lyeopersieon esculentum Mill. derivada de la especie silvestre L. hirsutum se desarrolló la presente investigación durante los meses de mayo a septiembre de 1987 en el Centro Regional de Investigación "La Selva" del Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (lCA, situado en Rionegro, Antioquia.
    Se estudiaron cuatro familias derivadas del cruzamiento de tres genotipos de L. hirsutum resistentes a Phoma andina varo erystalliniformis y tres genotipos de L. esculentum
    susceptibles a Phoma. Las familias incluyeron los padres, la Fl, la F2, el retrocruzamiento al padre susceptible y el retrocruzamiento al padre resistente. El trabajo se realizó con un diseño de bloques al azar con tres replicaciones. Las
    plantas se evaluaron individualmente de acuerdo a una escala de 0-7, donde cero son plantas inmunes y siete plantas muertas. La evaluación se hizo, en alqunas familias, a los
    60 y, en otras, a los 80 días. Con los datos originales y con los datos transformados se estimaron los siguientes parámetros: 1. Componentes de media, usando el test de escala y el método de Cava" i, 2. Componentes de varianza por el método de Mather. 3. Heredabilidad en sentido amplio,
    usando la Fl como estimativo de la varianza ambiental y por el método de Mahmud y Kramer; heredabilidad en sentido
    estrecho, por el Método de Mather y por el de Warner, 4. Número de genes, usando los métodos de Castle, de Wright y de Mather. Se encontró que todas las familias tenían una varianza de dominancia cercana a cero y una baja varianza ambiental, lo cual resulta en una alta heredabilidad de la resistencia a Phoma andina varo erystalliniformis, tanto
    en sentido amplio como estrecho. El número mínimo de genes que controlan la resistencia fue de 3 a 4. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior se concluyó que era posible transferir, sin mayores

  14. Periodismo ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lucía Lemos

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Los periodistas toman el tema del medio ambiente cada vez más en serio. El uso de temas relacionados con el medio ambiente, debe estar ligado al análisis socio-económico y a las posibilidades de comunicación y educación de diferentes regiones del mundo. A continuación se presenta un resumen de la situación ambiental, las acciones de prensa y comunicación que se llevan a cabo en América Central (Panamá, El Salvador, Costa Rica y en Sudamérica Brasil,Colombia, Chile, México, y Perú. Se concluye en la necesidad de formar hábitos ecológicos. Los comunicadores deben presentar soluciones a los problemas, fomentar campañas comunes, compartir información y velar por el ambiente ambiente para que las generaciones futuras no tengan que perecer.

  15. Atmosphere and Ambient Space

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Schmidt, Ulrik

    Atmosphere and Ambient Space This paper explores the relation between atmosphere and ambient space. Atmosphere and ambient space share many salient properties. They are both ontologically indeterminate, constantly varying and formally diffuse and they are both experienced as a subtle, non......-signifying property of a given space. But from a certain point of view, the two concepts also designate quite dissimilar experiences of space. To be ’ambient’ means to surround. Accordingly, ambient space is that space, which surrounds something or somebody. (Gibson 1987: 65) Since space is essentially...... of a surrounding character, all space can thus be described as having a fundamentally ambient character. So what precisely is an ambient space, then? As I will argue in my presentation, ambient space is a sensory effect of spatiality when a space is experienced as being particularly surrounding: a ‘space effect...

  16. Licenciamento ambiental e sustentabilidade

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Macedo Valinhas

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available A sustentabilidade está apoiada principalmente nas dimensões econômica, ambiental e social. No entanto, sem a dimensão política ela não se constrói. Um dos principais instrumentos de comando e controle da política nacional de meio ambiente, o licenciamento ambiental é um processo contínuo de gestão ambiental pública e privada. Analisou-se o processo de licenciamento ambiental como acoplamento estrutural entre os sistemas social, econômico e ambiental. Apesar da constatação de críticas aos mecanismos de comando e controle dos últimos anos, foi verificado que o Estado do Rio de Janeiro tem buscado integrar a política ambiental do Estado à gestão ambiental privada e que esta integração busca atender às demandas dos sistemas sociais e econômicos para as questões ambientais. Em linhas gerais, este caminho segue as estratégias e ações propostas na Agenda 21 brasileira.

  17. Saúde Ambiental: uma Análise dos Resultados das Conferências Nacionais de Meio Ambiente, Saúde e Saúde Ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Beatriz Maury de Carvalho

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available A representação nas políticas públicas do conceito de saúde ambiental, como expressão do equilíbrio da rede de conexões entre a sociedade humana e a natureza é discutida neste trabalho, no intuito de demonstrar o status quo da saúde ambiental nas políticas públicas no país. Primeiro foi traçado o histórico da “ambientalização na saúde”, do conceito de saúde ambiental e da institucionalização das políticas ambientais e de saúde ambiental no âmbito dos Ministérios do Meio Ambiente e da Saúde. As interações entre as políticas de Saúde e de Meio Ambiente para a efetivação de uma Política Nacional de Saúde Ambiental e as intersecções dos resultados das Conferências Nacionais de Saúde, Meio Ambiente e Saúde Ambiental foram analisadas; concluindo- se com os avanços conseguidos pelos dois setores, os desafios para a articulação intersetorial e a participação social para a construção de políticas públicas de saúde ambiental.

  18. Det ambiente

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Schmidt, Ulrik

    Om begrebet "det ambiente", der beskriver, hvad der sker, når vi fornemmer baggrundsmusikkens diskrete beats, betragter udsigten gennem panoramavinduet eller tager 3D-brillerne på og læner os tilbage i biografsædet. Bogen analyserer, hvorfan ambiente oplevelser skabes, og hvilke konsekvenser det...

  19. Ambient Sensors

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Börner, Dirk; Specht, Marcus

    2014-01-01

    This software sketches comprise two custom-built ambient sensors, i.e. a noise and a movement sensor. Both sensors measure an ambient value and process the values to a color gradient (green > yellow > red). The sensors were built using the Processing 1.5.1 development environment. Available under

  20. Pedagogía ambiental y didáctica ambiental como fundamentos del currículo para la formación ambiental

    OpenAIRE

    Julio César Tovar-Gálvez

    2013-01-01

    Se trata el problema de la fundamentación del currículo para la formación ambiental en la educación superior, frente a lo cual es necesario construir los conceptos de pedagogía ambiental y de didáctica ambiental. El marco teórico permite definir las categorías "lo pedagógico" y "lo didáctico", a partir de lo cual se analiza la literatura y con ello definir pedagogía ambiental y didáctica ambiental. El estado del arte permite establecer que existen dos sustentos teóricos: a) uno que se cimenta...

  1. El concurso de la Académie Royale de Médecine de Paris, 1843: Análisis contextual de la emergencia de los primeros trabajos acerca de la herencia de la locura (A. Gaussail y E. Gintrac The Académie Royale de Médecine de París' contest, 1843: Contextual analysis of the emergence of the first publications concerning the heredity of madness (A. Gaussail and E. Gintrac

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mauro Vallejo

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la emergencia de las primeras publicaciones francesas enteramente dedicadas a la temática de la herencia de las enfermedades mentales. Tal y como ha sido demostrado por otros investigadores, Francia fue el territorio donde con más insistencia y ahínco se abordó el problema de la herencia desde un punto de vista médico. A partir de 1850, gran parte del alienismo de ese país consideró que el fenómeno hereditario era un componente esencial de las patologías nerviosas. Luego de describir qué lugar asignaban a ese factor los psiquiatras de comienzos de siglo, este escrito propone considerar el saber médico sobre la herencia antes de 1850 a los fines de comprender cómo y porqué aparecen, a instancias de un concurso auspiciado por la Académie Royale de Médecine, los primeros tratados acerca del asunto, escritos por A. Gaussail y E. Gintrac.The purpose of this work is to analyze the appearance of the first French publications dealing with the heredity of mental illnesses. As it has been shown by others scholars, France was the country where the hereditarian subject was specially observed from a medical point of view. From 1850 a great part of the alienist profession considered that the heredity was a essential component of the mental pathologies. After describing the relevance that until 1850 the psychiatrists gave to that factor, this paper shows that the medical knowledge about heredity must be taken into account in order to understand how and why, ant thanks to a contest announced by the académie royale de médecine, the first treatises dealing with the subject (written by A. Gaussail and E. Gintrac finally appeared.

  2. Types for BioAmbients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sara Capecchi

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available The BioAmbients calculus is a process algebra suitable for representing compartmentalization, molecular localization and movements between compartments. In this paper we enrich this calculus with a static type system classifying each ambient with group types specifying the kind of compartments in which the ambient can stay. The type system ensures that, in a well-typed process, ambients cannot be nested in a way that violates the type hierarchy. Exploiting the information given by the group types, we also extend the operational semantics of BioAmbients with rules signalling errors that may derive from undesired ambients' moves (i.e. merging incompatible tissues. Thus, the signal of errors can help the modeller to detect and locate unwanted situations that may arise in a biological system, and give practical hints on how to avoid the undesired behaviour.

  3. Data based ambient lighting control

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    2012-01-01

    In controlling an ambient lighting element, a category of data being rendered by a host is identified, ambient lighting data associated with the identified category is retrieved, and the retrieved ambient lighting data is rendered in correspondence with the rendered data. The retrieved ambient

  4. Biotecnologia Ambiental. Aplicacions biotecnològiques a la millora del medi ambient

    OpenAIRE

    Blanch i Gisbert, Anicet

    2010-01-01

    La biotecnología ambiental comprende el conjunto de actividades tecnológicas que facilitan la comprensión y la gestión de los sistemas biológicos en el medio ambiente, con el fin de proveer productos y servicios. Actualmente, la gestión del medio ambiente y de sus recursos naturales no se comprende si no se realiza de manera sostenible. Los avances científicos y tecnológicos le están permitiendo a la biotecnología ambiental, el desarrollo de nuevas herramientas y aplicaciones con los que resp...

  5. The future is 'ambient'

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lugmayr, Artur

    2006-02-01

    The research field of ambient media starts to spread rapidly and first applications for consumer homes are on the way. Ambient media is the logical continuation of research around media. Media has been evolving from old media (e.g. print media), to integrated presentation in one form (multimedia - or new media), to generating a synthetic world (virtual reality), to the natural environment is the user-interface (ambient media), and will be evolving towards real/synthetic undistinguishable media (bio-media or bio-multimedia). After the IT bubble was bursting, multimedia was lacking a vision of potential future scenarios and applications. Within this research paper the potentials, applications, and market available solutions of mobile ambient multimedia are studied. The different features of ambient mobile multimedia are manifold and include wearable computers, adaptive software, context awareness, ubiquitous computers, middleware, and wireless networks. The paper especially focuses on algorithms and methods that can be utilized to realize modern mobile ambient systems.

  6. Towards New Ambient Light Systems: a Close Look at Existing Encodings of Ambient Light Systems

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrii Matviienko

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available Ambient systems provide information in the periphery of a user’s attention. Their aim is to present information as unobtrusively as possible to avoid interrupting primary tasks (e.g. writing or reading. In recent years, light has been used to create ambient systems to display information. Examples of ambient light systems range from simple notification systems such as displaying messages or calendar event reminders, to more complex systems such as focusing on conveying information regarding health activity tracking. However, for ambient light systems, there is a broad design space that lacks guidelines on when to make use of light displays and how to design them. In this paper we provide a systematic overview of existing ambient light systems over four identified information classes derived from 72 existing ambient light systems. The most prominent encoding parameters among the surveyed ambient light systems are color, brightness, and their combination. By analyzing existing ambient light systems, we provide a first step towards developing guidelines for designing future ambient light systems.

  7. Ambient Dried Aerogels

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jones, Steven M.; Paik, Jong-Ah

    2013-01-01

    A method has been developed for creating aerogel using normal pressure and ambient temperatures. All spacecraft, satellites, and landers require the use of thermal insulation due to the extreme environments encountered in space and on extraterrestrial bodies. Ambient dried aerogels introduce the possibility of using aerogel as thermal insulation in a wide variety of instances where supercritically dried aerogels cannot be used. More specifically, thermoelectric devices can use ambient dried aerogel, where the advantages are in situ production using the cast-in ability of an aerogel. Previously, aerogels required supercritical conditions (high temperature and high pressure) to be dried. Ambient dried aerogels can be dried at room temperature and pressure. This allows many materials, such as plastics and certain metal alloys that cannot survive supercritical conditions, to be directly immersed in liquid aerogel precursor and then encapsulated in the final, dried aerogel. Additionally, the metalized Mylar films that could not survive the previous methods of making aerogels can survive the ambient drying technique, thus making multilayer insulation (MLI) materials possible. This results in lighter insulation material as well. Because this innovation does not require high-temperature or high-pressure drying, ambient dried aerogels are much less expensive to produce. The equipment needed to conduct supercritical drying costs many tens of thousands of dollars, and has associated running expenses for power, pressurized gasses, and maintenance. The ambient drying process also expands the size of the pieces of aerogel that can be made because a high-temperature, high-pressure system typically has internal dimensions of up to 30 cm in diameter and 60 cm in height. In the case of this innovation, the only limitation on the size of the aerogels produced would be in the ability of the solvent in the wet gel to escape from the gel network.

  8. CUIDADO AMBIENTAL E RESPONSABILIDADE: POSSÍVEL DIÁLOGO ENTRE PSICOLOGIA AMBIENTAL E LOGOTERAPIA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diogo Arnaldo Corrêa

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available O cuidado ambiental vem sendo marcado pela tônica da conservação e da promoção da sustentabilidade. A premente necessidade de um dado compromisso e educação ambiental e de condutas pró-ambientais vem sendo defendida em vários contextos: na mídia, nas políticas públicas, por meio de campanhas sazonais. Todavia, pouco se descreve acerca do sentido presente nos modos de cuidado configurados a partir da inter-relação pessoa-ambiente. Nesta perspectiva, este estudo objetivou promover um possível diálogo a partir das contribuições da Psicologia Ambiental e da Logoterapia visando aproximar a noção de cuidado ambiental, delineada pela Psicologia Ambiental, à ideia de responsabilidade, como defendida pela Logoterapia, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica. As articulações propositadas corroboraram, portanto, para acenar que a relação pessoa-ambiente pode ser arraigada em qualidade se a responsabilidade é reconhecida em sua propriedade de potencial humano, o que pode favorecer na emergência do sentido das atitudes e condutas pró-ambientais e explicitar o caráter de tarefa única e irrepetível inerente à vida.

  9. Frecuencia del alelo causante de la enfermedad de Charcot-Marie-Tooth (tipo axonal con herencia autosómica recesiva en Palmares, Costa Rica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Melissa Rojas-Araya

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available La enfermedad de Charcot-Marie-Tooth constituye elgrupo de neuropatías periféricas hereditarias más común a nivel mundial. Una familia con 18 afectados del cantón de Palmares (Alajuela, Costa Rica con una neuropatía de tipo axonal y herencia autosómica recesiva, permitió localizar el gen responsable en la región 19q13.33. Posteriormente se identificó la mutación causante en el gen MED25. El presente estudio determinó la frecuencia del alelo mutante, así como la distribución geográfica de este alelo. En una muestra al azar de 103 individuos se encontraron seis individuos heteroigotas para la mutación, distribuidos por todo el cantón. No se encontró ninguna persona en estado homocigota para este alelo. No hallamos algunacaracterística clínica que difiera significativamente entre los individuos homocigotos silvestres y los heterocigotos para la mutación. El 5.83% de la población es heterocigota y la frecuencia del alelo Ala335Val es de 0.029, seis veces mayor que en una muestra de toda la población costarricense. Por esta razón se recomienda un análisis molecular de portadores con el fin de alertar sobre la posibilidad de aparición de más casos en el cantón.

  10. Pedagogía ambiental y didáctica ambiental: tendencias en la educación superior

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julio César Tovar-Gálvez

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo aborda el problema del currículo de educación ambiental en la educación superior, para lo que se centra en los conceptos pedagogía ambiental y didáctica ambiental. La metodología consiste en realizar un estado del arte para identificar las tendencias existentes sobre pedagogía ambiental y didáctica ambiental, para desde allí diseñar una encuesta que es dirigida a profesores y estudiantes de programas con formación en lo ambiental, de algunas universidades en Bogotá, con el objetivo de identificar sus opiniones como expertos en lo ambiental. Los resultados muestran un especial énfasis en las tendencias sobre la complejidad, pero así mismo plantean la posibilidad de múltiples modelos según los contextos y necesidades.

  11. Metodologías activas para un aprendizaje del Derecho Romano basado en problemas: herencia, dote y régimen económico del matrimonio romano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elisa Muñoz Catalán

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Con la realización del presente trabajo pretendemos investigar sobre la importancia actual de aplicar el aprendizaje basado en problemas a la enseñanza del Derecho Romano, frente a las tradicionales clases teóricas y magistrales. Incidiendo en el alcance de las exigencias metodológicas surgidas con los nuevos planes del estudio del Grado en Derecho, en el marco del EEES; así como en el desarrollo de una serie de competencias en los estudiantes, que les van a ser muy útiles una vez que finalicen y se enfrenten a las dificultades del mercado de trabajo, ya que se consideran como los verdaderos protagonistas del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Por tanto, con la puesta en práctica de este primer caso sobre el régimen económico del matrimonio frente a otras parejas de hecho como el concubinato, la dote y el papel de la mujer, las formas de esclavitud o la herencia, acercamos al alumnado al casuismo romano afianzando las ideas ya estudiadas; de este modo, comprenderán que lo importante no es dar la solución sino razonar jurídicamente consiguiendo, a través de debates en grupo y el trabajo personal, un conocimiento más profundo de las reglas e instituciones aplicables.

  12. POLÍTICA PÚBLICA AMBIENTAL Y AMBIENTE EN EL VALLE DEL CAUCA, 1991-2010

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Álvaro Quiceno Martínez

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available La política pública ambiental en el Valle del Cauca, a partir de 1991, va en contravía de la conservación ambiental al enfatizar en el crecimiento económico, la generación de plusvalía y la ampliación de la tasa de ganancia. Para la realización de esta investigación se adoptó como herramienta metodológica la revisión bibliográfica. Se halló que la política pública ambiental en el Valle se ha orientado a subsidiar monetaria, ecológica, ambiental y socialmente al sector cañicultor. Se concluye que dicha política ha contribuido al desequilibrio ecológico y al deterioro ambiental.

  13. Ambiente e justiça: sobre a utilidade do conceito de racismo ambiental no contexto brasileiro

    OpenAIRE

    Silva, Lays Helena Paes e

    2013-01-01

    A ideia de crise ambiental suscita discussões a respeito de distintas concepções de natureza e de ambiente e das disputas simbólicas e materiais neste meio. Uma concepção que toma sociedade e ambiente como pares inseparáveis levou à emergência, nos Estados Unidos, de movimentos que introduziram conceitos como justiça ambiental e racismo ambiental. No Brasil, surgiram movimentos e estudos focados nas mesmas bandeiras de luta e nos mesmos conceitos. Considerando as especificidades do racismo no...

  14. Salud ambiental: conceptos y actividades

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gonzalo A. Ordóñez

    2000-03-01

    Full Text Available La finalidad del trabajo es aportar información y propuestas conceptuales que faciliten la tarea de quienes tienen a su cargo la sistematización institucional de la salud ambiental. Se hace un análisis de la noción de "ambiente" para la cual se sugiere una definición, y se examina el lugar de la salud ambiental en el contexto de los problemas ambientales y sus vertientes "verde" y "azul". Se examinan denominaciones equivalentes de salud ambiental y se introducen los servicios de salud ambiental. Se proporcionan varias definiciones y se da la oficial de salud ambiental adoptada por la OMS en Sofía, Bulgaria (1993. A continuación se transcriben las áreas básicas que a la salud ambiental le han asignado diversas organizaciones o reuniones, como la OPS, la OMS, el Programa 21 y otros. A partir de aquí se construye un repertorio bastante completo de áreas y subáreas y se encuentra que todos los listados son, en realidad, una reunión asistemática de tres tipos de constituyentes: determinantes (factores o hechos de la realidad física, procesos (conjuntos de intervenciones y funciones (conjuntos de acciones de gestión, los cuales pueden enfocarse matricialmente y llevan a individualizar actividades de los servicios de salud ambiental. Se proponen unas reglas de operación que permiten, en una especie de álgebra, construir expresiones para especificar con precisión las actividades y sus agregados. De este modo se logra disponer de un lenguaje simbólico común que puede ayudar a la intercomunicación, enseñanza e investigación en el ámbito de la salud ambiental.

  15. MODIFICANDO O AMBIENTE ESCOLAR ATRAVÉS DO PROJETO MEIO AMBIENTE: CULTIVANDO E CONHECENDO AS PLANTAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Letícia Caroline Lopes

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho intitulado “MODIFICANDO O AMBIENTE ESCOLAR ATRAVÉS DO PROJETO MEIO AMBIENTE: CULTIVANDO E CONHECENDO AS PLANTAS” tem como desígnio apresentar o desenvolvimento do projeto “meio ambiente: cultivando e conhecendo as plantas”, no qual teve como proposta sensibilizar os alunos sobre a importância e preservação do meio ambiente através da prática e modificação do ambiente escolar, onde procurou-se utilizar materiais reciclados, tais como, garrafas pet, pneus velhos, carreteis de fios de eletricidade, e também mudas de arvore, plantas e hortaliças. Desta forma buscou se utilizar da criatividade dos envolvidos no processo para a transformação do ambiente escolar seco e vazio, para uma ambiente alegre, e acolhedor. O projeto foi elaborado pelas professoras da Extensão Betel, e aplicado em parceria com acadêmicos do sexto semestre do curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia da Universidade do Estado do Mato Grosso (UNEMAT, campus de Sinop. Tendo como proposta a interdisciplinaridade, o projeto foi divido em três eixos orientados pelas professoras Edneuza Alves Trugillo, Sinóvia Rauber e Mariza Kreinner, abrangendo assim alunos e professoras de duas turmas de 2º Ano do Ensino Fundamental, e acadêmicos e professores da Universidade, os eixos foram arborização, jardinagem e horta, onde teve a duração de aproximadamente dois meses. A finalização das práticas obteve resultados satisfatórios e objetivos alcançados, tanto pela sensibilização dos alunos sobre a preservação e importância do meio-ambiente, quanto pela prática de intervenção pelos acadêmicos envolvidos no processo, que em coletividade conseguiram modificar o ambiente escolar através do objetivo do projeto, meio-ambiente, proporcionando assim um enriquecimento na formação acadêmica enquanto práticas pedagógicas.

  16. Educação ambiental na escola: a perspectiva estudantil sobre o meio ambiente e a propaganda ambiental na internet

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernanda Reis de Pinho Tavares

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho visa mostrar as idéias dos estudantes sobre um tema - a propaganda - refletindo como ela se insere na questão ambiental. Também abordamos como os alunos percebem questões como as relações, empresa, meio ambiente e sociedade. Foi realizado em uma oficina de Educação Ambiental, em uma escola particular de Lagoa Santa - MG, durante os meses de junho e julho de 2004. Analisaram-se sites de diversas empresas e ONG's (Organizações Não Governamentais. Em sua maioria os estudantes conseguiram posicionar-se criticamente em relação às entidades investigadas.

  17. COMPLEJIDAD AMBIENTAL: PROPUESTAS ÉTICAS EMERGENTES DEL PENSAMIENTO AMBIENTAL LATINOAMERICANO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Noguera de Echeverri Ana Patricia

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo, se recogen las propuestas ético ambientales más importantes de la Escuela de Pensamiento Ambiental Latinoamericano, que ha ido construyéndose desde hace 30 años. Se destacan autores de primera línea en el campo de la construcción de Pensamiento Ambiental filosófico, como el Filósofo y Pensador Colombiano, de trascendencia latinoamericana, Augusto Ángel Maya, quien plantea la posibilidad de construir una Filosofía Ambiental Ético estética, dado que la Filosofía Moderna ha sido Metafísica, aún en sus corrientes empiristas, positivistas y neopositivistas. Se destaca la obra de Enrique Leff, mexicano, que propone los conceptos de Complejidad y Saber Ambiental, como puntos de partida de una ética en la educación, la ciencia y la tecnología, dentro de unas relaciones sistémicas y holísticas. Igualmente la propuesta ético estética compleja de Julio Carrizoza, colombiano, se hace presente en este ensayo, como una propuesta política fundamental ante problemas colombianos como son la violencia y la exclusión. Las propuestas de Filósofos colombianos de gran importancia en el campo de la Filosofía Política y Moral, que han desembocado en la propuesta de una Ética Ambiental, Pública y Comunicativa, como es el caso de Guillermo Hoyos Vásquez y de otros pensadores tanto de Colombia como de otros países latinoamericanos, se presentan en este espacio, con el fin de recoger de manera crítica nuestras ideas acerca de la posibilidad de una ética ambiental, es decir una ética descentrada, sin sujeto y sin objeto, una ética sistémica, donde los valores se construyen en las relaciones y donde la intricada trama de la vida, que ha venido construyéndose desde hace más de 2.500 millones de años, y de la cual somos meros hilos, pasa de ser objeto a ser valor primero en su más genuino sentido.

  18. Det ambientes fænomenologi

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Walther-Hansen, Mads

    2014-01-01

    Det ambiente: sansning, medialisering, omgivelse er et aktuelt og ambitiøst værk. Bogen skildrer hvordan ambiente fænomener har fået en stigende betydning i den moderne verden, og redegør for måden hvorpå det ambiente virker ind på hele vores oplevelseskultur. Det er en levende, uprætentiøs og frem...

  19. Persuasion in Ambient Intelligence

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Kaptein, M.C.; Markopoulos, P.; Ruyter, de B.E.R.; Aarts, E.H.L.

    2010-01-01

    Although the field of persuasive technologies has lately attracted a lot of attention, only recently the notion of ambient persuasive technologies was introduced. Ambient persuasive technologies can be integrated into every aspect of life, and as such have greater persuasive power than the

  20. Algorithms in ambient intelligence

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Aarts, E.H.L.; Korst, J.H.M.; Verhaegh, W.F.J.; Weber, W.; Rabaey, J.M.; Aarts, E.

    2005-01-01

    We briefly review the concept of ambient intelligence and discuss its relation with the domain of intelligent algorithms. By means of four examples of ambient intelligent systems, we argue that new computing methods and quantification measures are needed to bridge the gap between the class of

  1. Sistemas de gestión ambiental normalizados

    OpenAIRE

    Fronti de García, Luisa; Pahlen, Ricardo José María; D’Onofrio, Paula Alejandra

    2004-01-01

    La contabilidad ambiental presupone la existencia de un sistema de gestión ambiental. Dentro del sistema integral de la organización, el sistema de gestión ambiental permite la obtención de información oportuna y segura. Podríamos definir el sistema de gestión ambiental de un ente como el conjunto de medidas destinadas a prevenir el impacto negativo de las actividades del ente sobre el medio ambiente. El sistema de gestión ambiental (SGA) es aquella parte del sistema de gestión total que incl...

  2. Contabilidade ambiental o passaporte para a competitividade

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Elisabeth Pereira Kraemer

    2002-03-01

    Full Text Available Como todos os problemas ambientais provocaram grandes danos irreversíveis, que incidiram e incidem agora em todos os países subdesenvolvidos e desenvolvidos, nasce, então, como necessidade imperiosa, introduzir nos nossos sistemas econômicos a Contabilidade Ambiental, pois as organizações, até alguns anos atrás, preocupavam-se apenas com a eficiência dos sistemas produtivos. Chegamos a "era da revolução ambiental", e o ambiente não somente aparece como um conjunto de problemas relativos ao controle da contaminação, mas representa um custo no crescimento econômico. Neste sentido, o contador precisa de uma formação que se estenda além dos limites das técnicas e dos procedimentos. É necessário acrescentar o registro contábil do meio ambiente, dada a velocidade de sua afetação e a influência do mundo atual na utilização e disposição dos recursos naturais. Deve ser considerado como um dos princípios contábeis, onde é um desafio para a contabilidade. Precisa ser considerada como uma ciência contábil integrada, pois com a ciência ecológica e outras ciências são responsáveis pela natureza onde devem ser aplicados critérios de proteção ambiental, demonstrando que os recursos naturais constituem nosso principal capital. Partindo dessa premissa é que este trabalho está enfocando os seguintes tópicos: Responsabilidade Social da Empresa; A Empresa e o Meio Ambiente; Gestão Ambiental; Sistema de Gestão Ambiental; Ações para Preservar o Meio Ambiente - O Protocolo Verde, A Contabilidade, Custos Ambientais, Ativo Ambiental, Passivo Ambiental, Patrimônio Ambiental, Contabilidade Ambiental e Contabilidade Ambiental - o Passaporte para a Competitividade.

  3. Turbine airfoil with ambient cooling system

    Science.gov (United States)

    Campbell, Jr, Christian X.; Marra, John J.; Marsh, Jan H.

    2016-06-07

    A turbine airfoil usable in a turbine engine and having at least one ambient air cooling system is disclosed. At least a portion of the cooling system may include one or more cooling channels configured to receive ambient air at about atmospheric pressure. The ambient air cooling system may have a tip static pressure to ambient pressure ratio of at least 0.5, and in at least one embodiment, may include a tip static pressure to ambient pressure ratio of between about 0.5 and about 3.0. The cooling system may also be configured such that an under root slot chamber in the root is large to minimize supply air velocity. One or more cooling channels of the ambient air cooling system may terminate at an outlet at the tip such that the outlet is aligned with inner surfaces forming the at least one cooling channel in the airfoil to facilitate high mass flow.

  4. Ambient Air Quality Data Inventory

    Data.gov (United States)

    U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — The Office of Air and Radiation's (OAR) Ambient Air Quality Data (Current) contains ambient air pollution data collected by EPA, other federal agencies, as well as...

  5. Herencia de la resistencia al daño mecánico causado por Tagosodes orizicolus (Muir (Homoptera-Delphacidae en arroz Oryza sativa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cuevas P. Federico

    1996-12-01

    Full Text Available

    In Colombia all rice varieties developed are reported as resistant to Tagosodes orizicolus. Given the narrow genetic base of the resistant sources, this study was undertaken to identify the resistant parents or donors more oftenly used in Latin America. The materials were characterized as resistant (Mudgo, Amistad 82, IRAT 120, IRAT 124, Makalioka or susceptible based on the free chosen test and non chosen test and on the survival and oviposition of the insect (Chianan 8, Colombia 1, Bluebonnet 50, IR 8 (lCA, IR 8 (IRRI, Tetep and Cica 8. The damage was associated with insect survival, oviposition and eggs eclotion. To determine heritability two parents (Makalioka and Mudgo, were crossed with IR 8 F1 and F3 populations were also evaluated based on the free chosen test.

     

     

    En Colombia las variedades de arroz desarrolladas se consideran como resistentes a Tagosodes orizicolus. Dada la estrechez genética de las fuentes de resistencia, se inició este estudio para identificar los progenitores donantes de resistencia usados con mayor frecuencia en América Latina. Los materiales se caracterizaron como resistentes (Mudgo, Amistad 82, IRAT, 120, IRAT 124 Y Makalioka o susceptibles (Chianan 8, Colombia 1, Bluebonnet 50, IR 8 (lCA, IR (IRRI, Tetep y Cica 8, con base en las pruebas de libre escogencia, no escogencia, sobre vivencia y oviposición. El daño estuvo asociado con la supervivencia, oviposición y eclosión de huevos del insecto. Para la determinación de la herencia se cruzaron los progenitores Makalioka y Mudgo con IR8. En la Progenie F1 del cruzamiento resistente x resistente el 111% de las plantas fueron susceptibles; Mudgo y Makalioka segregaron 23 y 41% de plantas susceptibles.

  6. La Educación Ambiental una herramienta clave de la Gestión Ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María josé Esteves Ivanissevich

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Entendemos que el objeto de la educación ambiental no es el ambiente como tal, sino nuestra relación con él; la multiplicidad y diversidad de objetivos y la necesidad de anclar la intervención en cada contexto específico, hace de ésta una tarea inmensa y compleja. La provincia del Chubut registra desde el año 1999 un historial importante. Éste trabajo, toma lo realizado en la temática de eliminación de bolsas de polietileno en los espacios públicos, de forma interinstitucional y en ámbitos educativo formal y no formal. Con la hipótesis de que la educación ambiental constituye un instrumento de política ambiental preventivo atendiendo los problemas que afecten o pudieran afectar al ambiente; nos planteamos como objetivos: construir una ciudadanía ambientalmente responsable; Impulsar la formación y capacitación de docentes y actores sociales con una mirada ambiental; Contribuir a la conservación ambiental disponiendo de las nuevas tecnologías. La metodología se sustenta en una concepción que hace eje en el aumento de la participación de la sociedad. Desde el ámbito formal se trabajó durante el 2007-2011 con capacitaciones presenciales y a distancia, para docentes de nivel inicial y primario (434 capacitados, en forma conjunta con el Ministerio de Educación. El equipo de trabajo consta de cuatro profesionales del Ministerio de Ambiente y la colaboración de especialistas según el lugar y la temática. En el ámbito no formal se realizaron charlas y talleres con la comunidad (5826 capacitados; comunicación extrainstitucional por medios masivos de comunicación; campañas ambientales, trabajando en forma conjunta con organismos municipales, provinciales, no gubernamentales y privados. Se cubrieron 28 localidades en todo el territorio provincial. Se abarcó un gran número de docentes, quedando el trabajo con directores y supervisores, para pensar en la inclusión de las temáticas como los residuos sólidos urbanos, en el

  7. Evaluación Ambiental Estratégica y Auditoría Contable Ambiental como Instrumentos para la Optimización de la Política Pública Ambiental en el Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gardênia Maria Braga de Carvalho

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available La política ambiental es un conjunto de directrices, objetivos e instrumentos de acción que el poder público utiliza para producir efectos deseables sobre el medio ambiente. Algunos de esos instrumentos aunque no están institucionalizados, como la Evaluación Ambiental Estratégica (AAE, que objetiva desarrollar un estudio macro de los impactos causados al medio ambiente y a la comunidad; y la Auditoría Contable Ambiental (ACA, que consiste en la confrontación de las informaciones de los informes ambientales y contables. Así, se cuestiona: a ¿qué problemas generados por la ausencia de la AAE y de la ACA en la política ambiental brasileira? b ¿cómo la inserción de la AAE y de la ACA contribuiría para la solución de los problemas específicos detectados? Este artículo tiene como objetivo demostrar que existe una laguna en la política ambiental por desconsideración de esos instrumentos. El referencial teórico fue construido teniendo como base la contabilidad ambiental, auditoría ambiental y política pública. Se utilizó como método el análisis descriptivo en relación a sus objetivos, siendo realizada una pesquisa bibliográfica y exploratoria sobre los temas: políticas públicas, AAE y ACA. Se concluye que es necesaria la institucionalización de la AAE y de la ACA, en la fase inicial y final, respectivamente, del proceso de instalación y acompañamiento de emprendimientos impactantes al medio ambiente, pues el hecho de no ser compulsorios, revelaron una laguna en la política ambiental, tornándola frágil.

  8. Educación ambiental en la crisis y crisis de la educación ambiental

    OpenAIRE

    Delgado Huertos, Enrique

    2012-01-01

    Producción Científica Es preciso repensar la Educación Ambiental una vez asumido que los ciudadanos despues de tres décadas de mensajes y actividades educativas, si bien han cambiado su percepción de los problemas ambientales, apenas ha variado su actitud y su compromiso personal en favor del medio ambiente. La educación ambiental ha de perder el carácter anecdótico y pasar de actividades aisladas, repetitivas y desconectadas del resto de los aprendizajes a una intervención basada en la si...

  9. Spatial Analysis of BioAmbients

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nielson, Hanne Riis; Nielson, Flemming; Pilegaard, Henrik

    2004-01-01

    Programming language technology can contribute to the development and understanding of Systems Biology by providing formal calculi for specifying and analysing the dynamic behaviour of biological systems. Our focus is on BioAmbients, a variation of the ambient calculi developed for modelling...

  10. Indicadores de salud ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manuel Posada de la Paz

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available Esta ponencia presenta una visión general del proyecto de Indicadores de Salud Ambiental, coordinado por la OMS a nivel internacional y liderado por el Centro de Investigación sobre el Síndrome del Aceite Tóxico y Enfermedades Raras (CISATER en España. En ella se describen los objetivos del proyecto, las gestiones realizadas y los resultados obtenidos durante la fase de viabilidad de este proyecto. El proyecto consiste en el establecimiento de un sistema de información sobre salud ambiental que permita desarrollar una vigilancia de los factores ambientales determinantes de los estados de salud, realizar comparaciones internacionales, elaborar políticas de acción, así como facilitar la comunicación con la ciudadanía. La OMS desarrolló una metodología para el desarrollo de estos indicadores dentro del marco conceptual de información ambiental DPSEEA (Fuerzas impulsoras, Presión, Estado, Exposición, Efecto, Acción y seleccionó un total de 55 indicadores (que incluyen 168 variables sobre 10 áreas de la salud ambiental. Durante la fase de viabilidad se predijo que podrían obtenerse el 89% de los indicadores. Sin embargo la recolección de los datos supuso muchas dificultades debido a la incompatibilidad de algunas variables en los sistemas de información españoles con las variables definidas por la OMS. A nivel de gestión del proyecto, la mayor dificultad radica en la disparidad de responsabilidades en materia de medio ambiente y salud entre las instituciones españolas. Además de la aportación técnica a la salud ambiental en España, un valor añadido de este proyecto ha sido el establecimiento de líneas de colaboración estrechas con los responsables de los diferentes Ministerios implicados.

  11. Medio ambiente y educación ambiental: representaciones sociales de los profesores en formación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raúl Calixto Flores

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Una de las líneas actuales de investigación educativa que aporta elementos valiosos para comprender los procesos de formación de los sujetos es la que corresponde a las representaciones sociales. En este artículo se describen los aspectos centrales de la investigación Representaciones del medio ambiente de los estudiantes de la licenciatura en educación primaria. Con las representaciones los estudiantes discriminan espacio-temporalmente los elementos del medio ambiente, estableciendo correspondencias con las prácticas sociales. Entre los resultados de la investigación referida se encuentra la existencia de una relación entre las representaciones del medio ambiente y las corrientes de la educación ambiental.

  12. Medio ambiente y educación ambiental: representaciones sociales de los profesores en formación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raúl Calixto Flores

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Una de las líneas actuales de investigación educativa que aporta elementos valiosos para comprender los procesos de formación de los sujetos es la que corresponde a las representaciones sociales. En este artículo se describen los aspectos centrales de la investigación Representaciones del medio ambiente de los estudiantes de la licenciatura en educación primaria. Con las representaciones los estudiantes discriminan espaciotemporalmente los elementos del medio ambiente, estableciendo correspondencias con las prácticas sociales. Entre los resultados de la investigación referida se encuentra la existencia de una relación entre las representaciones del medio ambiente y las corrientes de la educación ambiental.

  13. Validating Firewalls in Mobile Ambients

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nielson, Flemming; Nielson, Hanne Riis; Hansen, René Rydhof

    1999-01-01

    The ambient calculus is a calculus of computation that allows active processes (mobile ambients) to move between sites. A firewall is said to be protective whenever it denies entry to attackers not possessing the required passwords. We devise a polynomial time algorithm for rejecting proposed...

  14. Ambient diagnostics

    CERN Document Server

    Cai, Yang

    2014-01-01

    Part I. FundamentalsIntroductionWhat is Ambient Diagnostics?Diagnostic ModelsMultimedia IntelligenceCrowd SourcingSoft SensorsScience of SimplicityPersonal DiagnosesBasic AlgorithmsBasic ToolsSummaryProblemsTransformationEarly Discoveries of Heartbeat PatternsTransforms, Features, and AttributesSequential FeaturesSpatiotemporal FeaturesShape FeaturesImagery FeaturesFrequency Domain FeaturesMulti-Resolution FeaturesSummaryProblemsPattern RecognitionSimilarities and DistancesClustering MethodsClassification MethodsClassifier Accuracy MeasuresSummaryProblemsPart II. Multimedia IntelligenceSound RecognitionMicrophone AppsModern Acoustic Transducers (Microphones)Frequency Response CharacteristicsDigital Audio File FormatsHeart Sound SensingLung Sound SensingSnore MeterSpectrogram (STFT)Ambient Sound AnalysisSound RecognitionRecognizing Asthma SoundPeak ShiftFeature CompressionRegroupingNoise IssuesFuture ApplicationsSummaryProblemsColor SensorsColor SensingHuman Color VisionColor SensorsColor Matching ExperimentsC...

  15. La crisis del medio ambiente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Carlos Quintero Vélez

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo, introducción al tema del medio ambiente, pretende proporcionar conceptos básicos para analizar y dimensionar el impacto que genera el hombre sobre los sistemas que soportan la vida. Para entender estos problemas, es indispensable partir de un análisis básico de la relación entre el hombre actual, su medio ambiente, sus necesidades y sus actividades. El autor revisa los antecedentes, las causas y las consecuencias de la crisis ambiental internacional, e intenta dar explicación a la problemática nacionalen este campo, y establecer los puntos más críticos en Colombia. Finalmente, con base en los parámetros establecidos por el gobierno, se presenta el concepto de“desarrollo sostenible" como modelo que interrelaciona los procesos económicos, sociales y tecnológicos con el medio ambiente.

  16. Construindo cidadania ambiental na escola

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cibele Schwanke

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-0221.2013v10n16p14 O forte componente transversal da Educação Ambiental possibilita sua inserção em vários espaços e níveis de escolaridade. No ensino fundamental, constitui-se em uma importante ferramenta para criar espaços que permitam a abordagem de temáticas socioambientais atuais, de forma crítica e participativa. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o Projeto Construindo Cidadania Ambiental, executado por bolsistas do Grupo PET - Conexões Gestão Ambiental em unidades escolares, explicitando sua filosofia de implantação e resultados obtidos até o momento. Verifica-se que sua natureza interdisciplinar e integrada permite uma efetiva interação com o corpo docente e discente da escola, bem como permite a prática de uma educação ambiental crítica e transformadora.

  17. Ambient ionization mass spectrometry: A tutorial

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Huang, Min-Zong; Cheng, Sy-Chi; Cho, Yi-Tzu [Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (China); Shiea, Jentaie, E-mail: jetea@fac.nsysu.edu.tw [Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (China); Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (China)

    2011-09-19

    Highlights: {yields} Ambient ionization technique allows the direct analysis of sample surfaces with little or no sample pretreatment. {yields} We sort ambient ionization techniques into three main analytical strategies, direct ionization, direct desorption/ionization, and two-step ionization. {yields} The underlying principles of operation, ionization processes, detecting mass ranges, sensitivity, and representative applications of these techniques are described and compared. - Abstract: Ambient ionization is a set of mass spectrometric ionization techniques performed under ambient conditions that allows the direct analysis of sample surfaces with little or no sample pretreatment. Using combinations of different types of sample introduction systems and ionization methods, several novel techniques have been developed over the last few years with many applications (e.g., food safety screening; detection of pharmaceuticals and drug abuse; monitoring of environmental pollutants; detection of explosives for antiterrorism and forensics; characterization of biological compounds for proteomics and metabolomics; molecular imaging analysis; and monitoring chemical and biochemical reactions). Electrospray ionization and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization are the two main ionization principles most commonly used in ambient ionization mass spectrometry. This tutorial paper provides a review of the publications related to ambient ionization techniques. We describe and compare the underlying principles of operation, ionization processes, detecting mass ranges, sensitivity, and representative applications of these techniques.

  18. Ambient ionization mass spectrometry: A tutorial

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Huang, Min-Zong; Cheng, Sy-Chi; Cho, Yi-Tzu; Shiea, Jentaie

    2011-01-01

    Highlights: → Ambient ionization technique allows the direct analysis of sample surfaces with little or no sample pretreatment. → We sort ambient ionization techniques into three main analytical strategies, direct ionization, direct desorption/ionization, and two-step ionization. → The underlying principles of operation, ionization processes, detecting mass ranges, sensitivity, and representative applications of these techniques are described and compared. - Abstract: Ambient ionization is a set of mass spectrometric ionization techniques performed under ambient conditions that allows the direct analysis of sample surfaces with little or no sample pretreatment. Using combinations of different types of sample introduction systems and ionization methods, several novel techniques have been developed over the last few years with many applications (e.g., food safety screening; detection of pharmaceuticals and drug abuse; monitoring of environmental pollutants; detection of explosives for antiterrorism and forensics; characterization of biological compounds for proteomics and metabolomics; molecular imaging analysis; and monitoring chemical and biochemical reactions). Electrospray ionization and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization are the two main ionization principles most commonly used in ambient ionization mass spectrometry. This tutorial paper provides a review of the publications related to ambient ionization techniques. We describe and compare the underlying principles of operation, ionization processes, detecting mass ranges, sensitivity, and representative applications of these techniques.

  19. La protección internacional del medio ambiente

    OpenAIRE

    Bou Franch, Valentín

    2017-01-01

    PowerPoint del Tema 14 de la asignatura "Derecho Internacional Público". Curso 2017-18. Tema 14. La protección internacional del medio ambiente: 1.- El Derecho Internacional del Medio Ambiente: caracteres específicos. 2.- Principios fundamentales del Derecho Internacional del Medio Ambiente. 3.- Medio ambiente y Desarrollo: el Desarrollo Sostenible.

  20. La economía ambiental y la política ambiental.

    OpenAIRE

    Caraballo, Leonardo Javier

    2007-01-01

    Presentación. Ramos Jiménez, Alfredo Los círculos bolivarianos. El mito de la unidad del pueblo. Arenas, Nelly y Gómez Calcaño, Luis Lo massmediático y las sociedades contemporáneas. Un acercamiento a la relación medios-democracia. Briceño Romero, Ysabel La economía ambiental y la política ambiental. Caraballo, Leonardo Javier Veinte años de democracia en la Argentina. ¿Qué democracia? Kers, Mercedes y Leiras, Santiago C. La ciencia de la política. Bolívar ...

  1. Historical Ambient Air Quality Data Inventory

    Data.gov (United States)

    U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — The Historical Ambient Air Quality Data Inventory contains measured and estimated data on ambient air pollution for use in assessing air quality, assisting in...

  2. Below-Ambient and Cryogenic Thermal Testing

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fesmire, James E.

    2016-01-01

    Thermal insulation systems operating in below-ambient temperature conditions are inherently susceptible to moisture intrusion and vapor drive toward the cold side. The subsequent effects may include condensation, icing, cracking, corrosion, and other problems. Methods and apparatus for real-world thermal performance testing of below-ambient systems have been developed based on cryogenic boiloff calorimetry. New ASTM International standards on cryogenic testing and their extension to future standards for below-ambient testing of pipe insulation are reviewed.

  3. REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES DE AMBIENTE Y EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL EN EL C.E.D. LA CONCEPCIÓN (BOGOTA-COLOMBIA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jenny Johanna Duarte Díaz

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available En la actualidad en las instituciones educativas existe dificultad por construir prácticas relacionadas con temas ambientales, a consecuencia de que no hay suficiente claridad en la forma de diseñar e implementar propuestas, propiciando que lo abordado desde los proyectos ambientales no tenga el impacto esperado. Razón que genera la necesidad de iniciar procesos investigativos que establezcan coherencia en las posturas curriculares, políticas nacionales y los contextos escolares en los que está inmersa la educación ambiental.   Por lo cual, el presente estudio se planteó con el objetivo de identificar las representaciones sociales frente al ambiente y la educación ambiental que poseían algunos miembros de una institución educativa de carácter público en Bogotá. Con el fin de iniciar procesos formativos que lleven a trabajar la educación ambiental de manera interdisciplinar en la escuela desde miradas reflexivas, que nos permitan construir una visión global del ambiente.   Para lo cual se utilizó un enfoque metodológico cualitativo apoyado en la técnica de entrevistas y como instrumento el cuestionario.   Concluyendo que el grupo de participantes no presentan una única representación social de ambiente definiéndolo desde tres miradas: como el medio de vida, los recursos a utilizar y la naturaleza. Y la educación ambiental desde las visiones naturalista, conservacionista - recursista y humanista. Evidenciando la importancia de generar más que actividades puntuales, procesos formativos en educación ambiental que vinculen a los diversos sujetos de las comunidades educativas.

  4. Calidad ambiental interior: bienestar, confort y salud

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Vargas Marcos

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available Distintas formas de interpretar las condiciones ambientales han llevado al desarrollo de conceptos tales como edificio enfermo, calidad del aire o calidad ambiental interior, todos ellos encaminados a entender la complejidad de los contaminantes en los ambientes cerrados y las implicaciones sobre la salud de la población. La propuesta de "Calidad ambiental interior" es un avance conceptual y operativo que supera ampliamente a los anteriores, puesto que orienta las acciones hacia ambientes saludables sin limitar al aire la idea de contaminación. El objetivo del trabajo es identificar las competencias y el marco legislativo que permiten actuar en la prevención de riesgos asociados a la exposición de contaminantes en ambientes interiores. Óptimas condiciones en los ambientes interiores deben redundar en salud, bienestar y confort, tanto en lo que respecta a la vida laboral como a los ámbitos donde se desarrollan las actividades cotidianas extralaborales, escolares, de descanso y de ocio. La sociedad actual exige lugares seguros, limpios y bien climatizados, para lo que es necesario integrar percepciones y exigencias de los habitantes y alcanzar un óptimo equilibrio entre estándares sociales, uso de la energía y desarrollo sostenible, buscando confort sin contaminar y sin aumentar el consumo de fuentes energéticas que degraden el medio ambiente. El desarrollo legislativo se orienta a la seguridad y la salud en los lugares de trabajo y la regulación de las sustancias químicas. La Sanidad Ambiental lleva a cabo tareas de prevención y control, participa en la ejecución de convenios internacionales de reducción de contaminantes y desechos y promueve acciones para el desarrollo de la Estrategia Europea de Salud y Medio Ambiente.

  5. INFLUÊNCIA DO TREINAMENTO AMBIENTAL NA CONSCIÊNCIA AMBIENTAL DE PROFISSIONAIS DA ÁREA DE RECURSOS HUMANOS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thais Accioly Baccaro

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available Actualmente, muchas organizaciones trabajan para minimizar y contribuir para resolver los problemasambientales. En esa dirección, el área de recursos humanos emerge como facilitadora de la implantación deprácticas y políticas ambientales en las empresas, principalmente por la utilización de los programas deentrenamiento. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la influencia del entrenamiento ambiental enla conciencia ambiental de los profesionales de recursos humanos. Con un abordaje cuantitativodescriptivo, se aplicó un cuestionario, ya validado, a 73 profesionales de recursos humanos de la región deLondrina-PR. El análisis de datos involucró la estadística descriptiva y el teste sin parámetros χ 2 dePearson. Los resultados señalaron la relación entre el entrenamiento ambiental y la conciencia ambientalde los profesionales de recursos humanos investigados: de hecho, los que recibieron algún tipo deentrenamiento ambiental presentaron un nivel de conciencia ambiental mayor que los que no recibieronningún entrenamiento en esa área.

  6. Ambient versus traditional environment in pediatric emergency department.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Robinson, Patricia S; Green, Jeanette

    2015-01-01

    We sought to examine the effect of exposure to an ambient environment in a pediatric emergency department. We hypothesized that passive distraction from ambient lighting in an emergency department would lead to reduction in patient pain and anxiety and increased caregiver satisfaction with services. Passive distraction has been associated with lower anxiety and pain in patients and affects perception of wait time. A pediatric ED was designed that optimized passive distraction techniques using colorful ambient lighting. Participants were nonrandomly assigned to either an ambient ED environment or a traditional ED environment. Entry and exit questionnaires assessed caregiver expectations and experiences. Pain ratings were obtained with age-appropriate scales, and wait times were recorded. A total of 70 participants were assessed across conditions, that is, 40 in the ambient ED group and 30 in the traditional ED group. Caregivers in the traditional ED group expected a longer wait, had higher anxiety pretreatment, and felt more scared than those in the ambient ED group. Caregivers in the ambient ED group felt more included in the care of their child and rated quality of care higher than caregivers in the traditional ED group. Pain ratings and administrations of pain medication were lower in the ambient ED group. Mean scores for the ambient ED group were in the expected direction on several items measuring satisfaction with ED experiences. Results were suggestive of less stress in caregivers, less pain in patients, and higher satisfaction levels in the ambient ED group. © The Author(s) 2015.

  7. Context Dependent Analysis of BioAmbients

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Pilegaard, Henrik; Nielson, Flemming; Nielson, Hanne Riis

    2006-01-01

    BioAmbients is a derivative of mobile ambients that has shown promise of describing interesting features of the behaviour of biological systems. The technical contribution of this paper is to extend the Flow Logic approach to static analysis with a couple of new techniques in order to give precise...... information about the behaviour of systems written in BioAmbients. Applying the development to a simple model of a cell releasing nutrients from food compunds we illustrate how the proposed analysis does indeed improve on previous efforts....

  8. Ambient oxygen promotes tumorigenesis.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ho Joong Sung

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available Oxygen serves as an essential factor for oxidative stress, and it has been shown to be a mutagen in bacteria. While it is well established that ambient oxygen can also cause genomic instability in cultured mammalian cells, its effect on de novo tumorigenesis at the organismal level is unclear. Herein, by decreasing ambient oxygen exposure, we report a ∼50% increase in the median tumor-free survival time of p53-/- mice. In the thymus, reducing oxygen exposure decreased the levels of oxidative DNA damage and RAG recombinase, both of which are known to promote lymphomagenesis in p53-/- mice. Oxygen is further shown to be associated with genomic instability in two additional cancer models involving the APC tumor suppressor gene and chemical carcinogenesis. Together, these observations represent the first report directly testing the effect of ambient oxygen on de novo tumorigenesis and provide important physiologic evidence demonstrating its critical role in increasing genomic instability in vivo.

  9. Evaluación ambiental estratégica (EAE; un instrumento preventivo de gestión ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Domingo Gómez Orea

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available La evaluación ambiental estratégica (EAE es un instrumento para integrar primero el medio ambiente en el proceso de formulación de políticas, planes y programas (PPP y verificar después la realidad de ello. La integración consiste en incorporar sensibilidad, criterio, conocimiento y compromiso ambiental al proceso de elaboración del PPP, desde el principio, con el fin de que la decisión pública al respecto sea la más acertada posible. La verificación comporta dos facetas: la comprobación de que efectivamente se ha hecho un esfuerzo de integración ambiental en la elaboración del PPP y la evaluación del resultado conseguido, evaluación que se realiza a través de la identificación, valoración, prevención y seguimiento de los impactos que se producirían en caso de que llegue a ejecutarse.La integración ambiental comienza en el momento mismo en que surge la idea de elaborar el PPP, y su evaluación también; luego se concreta en un documento técnico (Informe de Sostenibilidad Ambiental: ISA que es parte integrante de la documentación del PPP y que se va desarrollando al mismo tiempo que el borrador del PPP; después sigue el proceso de integración incorporando las determinaciones establecidas en la Memoria Ambiental, que incluirá los resultados de la participación pública, a la elaboración del PPP definitivo.La EAE está regulada a nivel de la UE por la Directiva 2001/42/CE sobre evaluación de los efectos de determinados planes y programas en el medio ambiente; en el ámbito español por la Ley 9/2006 y en las comunidades autónomas por la legislación propia.En el procedimiento administrativo a través del que se aplica existe una fase técnicamente crucial: la elaboración al mismo tiempo del borrador del PPP y del ISA, de tal manera que este se podría interpretar como la incorporación de la dimensión ambiental al proceso de elaboración del borrador del PPP, la verificación de ello y la identificación, valoraci

  10. Economía y medio ambiente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ciro Alfonso Serna Mendoza

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available En ciertos escenarios académicos, políticos, sociales y ambientales se declara que el modelo económico dominante o los conceptos que lo integran son responsables de que el bienestar económico implique malestar ecológico.Al partir de este supuesto, una forma de comprender las causas y de contribuir a la solución de la problemática ambiental es develar en qué consisten, en qué términos plantean la relación ombre-medio ambiente, las propuestas que incluyen la dimensión ambiental en el campo de la economía. Y si, al igual que las teorías ambientales, acuden a la ética como factor adecuado para disminuir las externalidades negativas generadas en el ambiente por la actividad económica.

  11. Medio ambiente urbano

    OpenAIRE

    Rodríguez-Chaves Mimbrero, Blanca

    2007-01-01

    El estudio  y análisis  de las interacciones  entre  ambiente  y desarrollo y  su inserción  en los procesos  de  planificación del crecimiento  social y económico  de  los  países  de América Latina, reviste especial interés para proponer alternativas de acción que  conduzcan  al  logro  de  una mejor  calidad de  vida.  El impacto  que las conferencias sobre  el  Medio Ambiente Humano Estocolmo (1972),  Cocoyoc  (1974) o de documentos como "Nuestro Futuro Común" o "Nuestra Propia Agenda" ha...

  12. El dispositivo Problemática ambiental

    OpenAIRE

    Federico Di Pasquo; Tomas Busan; Gabriela Klier

    2018-01-01

    Se presenta y problematiza un dispositivo dirigido al tema de la problemática ambiental, del cual destaca su alcance global, su carácter de urgente y su capacidad para afectar a la viabilidad de la especie humana. A la vez, indicamos que esta caracterización de la crisis ambiental se encuentra asociada a una red institucional de corte internacional dirigida a la gestión de este tema. También, se señalan algunos intentos por utilizar a la problemática ambiental como coartada para el establecim...

  13. Consideraciones sobre ética, derecho y ambiente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pierre Foy Valencia

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available El presente ensayo aborda la importancia que progresivamente está adquiriendo la ética ambiental en relación con las variadas formas del ejercicio contemporáneo del Derecho, así como de sus diversificadas áreas o especialidades y, por cierto, en particular respecto del Derecho Ambiental. Para ello, en primer lugar, identificaremos conceptualmente el escenario y el proceso de la ética ambiental como presupuesto condicionante que impacta en los múltiples mecanismos de actuación social —léase la política, la economía, la educación, los sistemas jurídicos, entre otros—.2 Luego, estableceremos algunas premisas sobre la responsabilidad profesional en particular del abogado y cómo estas deberían ser integradas en una perspectiva ético-ambiental o, si se quiere, basadas en una ética de la sostenibilidad. Finalmente, interpretaremos cómo tales consideraciones debieran articularse con el ejercicio de las disciplinas jurídicas, en especial con el Derecho Ambiental, enfatizando la cuestión de la corrupción con la preocupación ambiental.

  14. IC design challenges for ambient intelligence

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Aarts, E.H.L.; Roovers, R.L.J.

    2003-01-01

    The vision of ambient intelligence opens a world of unprecedented experiences: the interaction of people with electronic devices is changed as contextual awareness, natural interfaces and ubiquitous availability of information are realized. We analyze the consequences of the ambient intelligence

  15. Risk related behaviour under different ambient scent conditions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alina Gagarina

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available The article analyses the effect of two ambient scents (peppermint and vanilla and their intensiveness on risk related behaviour that is expressed through selected decision making heuristics. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to identify the relationship of ambient scent type and intensiveness with risk related behaviour that is expressed through selected decision making heuristics. Methodology/methods: 2×2 factorial experiment with control group was run. Ambient scent type (vanilla vs. peppermint and intensiveness (8 (1mg vs. 16 sprays (2mg of scent concentrate in the same room were manipulated as between subject variables. Risk aversion, effect of anchoring heuristic on bidding, and affect (risk and benefit heuristics were tracked as dependent variables. Scientific aim: To identify whether ambient scent type and intensiveness have effect on risk related behaviour. Findings: Evidence suggests that there are effects of ambient scent on risk related behaviour, thus fulfilling the missing gap to relate ambient environment to decision making heuristics when risks are involved. However, not all heuristics were affected by experimental conditions. Subjects were bidding significantly higher amounts under low anchor conditions, when peppermint scent was around (if compared to vanilla group. Affect risk was perceived as lower in peppermint ambient scent conditions, if compared to the control group. Intensity of ambient scent also had influence on affect risk: subjects perceived less risk under high scent intensity conditions. Conclusions: By manipulating ambient scent, marketers may reduce or increase consumers risk perception and behaviour and as a consequence influence their purchase decisions. Marketers could use peppermint scent in high intensiveness in the situations where they want consumers to undertake higher risks (expensive purchases, gambling, insurance, since stakes were higher under peppermint ambient scent condition

  16. Conhecimento, interdisciplinaridade e Psicologia Ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ombretta Romice

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available Responde às questões - como os métodos da Psicologia Ambiental devem ser discutidos em um enquadramento interdisciplinar; a Psicologia Ambiental pede alguma abordagem metodológica especial; como a intervenção ambiental é determinada pela interdisciplinaridade; quais são estas disciplinas e como elas se relacionam entre si - baseando-se em experiências profissionais como orientador em um projeto com comunidade, com habitação popular e exclusão social em vários países da Europa, e como consultora. Conclui que as abordagens usadas pelas diferentes profissões são muito separadas, e que apenas metas comuns não são suficientes, sendo também necessários um treino conjunto e identidade de valores.

  17. The influence of ambient light on the driver

    Science.gov (United States)

    Klinger, Karsten D.; Lemmer, Uli

    2008-04-01

    Increasingly, cars are fitted with interior ambient lighting which is switched on while driving. This special kind of interior light emphasizes the interior design of the car, it makes a car look special and gives the buyers a new option to personalize their automobiles. But how does ambient interior light influence the driver? We conducted a series of over 50 tests to study the influence of interior ambient light on contrast perception under different illumination levels, colors and positions of the illuminated areas. Our tests show that in many cases the ambient lighting can improve the visual contrast for seeing objects in the headlamp beam. But the test persons mentioned that the tested brightness looked too bright and that they felt glared. The measured values instead proved that no disability glare exists. Therefore, provided that the drivers can adjust the intensity of the ambient light to avoid glare, the ambient light has no negative effect on the drivers' contrast perception.

  18. Evaluating Ambient Displays in the Wild

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Messeter, Jörn; Molenaar, Daryn

    A prominent issue for evaluating ambient displays has been the conflict between the relative intrusiveness of evaluation methods and the intention to keep the display at the periphery of the user’s attention. There is a general lack of research discussing the difficulties of evaluating ambient di...

  19. Control Flow Analysis for BioAmbients

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nielson, Flemming; Nielson, Hanne Riis; Priami, C.

    2007-01-01

    This paper presents a static analysis for investigating properties of biological systems specified in BioAmbients. We exploit the control flow analysis to decode the bindings of variables induced by communications and to build a relation of the ambients that can interact with each other. We...

  20. Freedom and privacy in ambient intelligence

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Brey, Philip A.E.

    2006-01-01

    This paper analyzes ethical aspects of the new paradigm of Ambient Intelligence, which is a combination of Ubiquitous Computing and Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI’s). After an introduction to the approach, two key ethical dimensions will be analyzed: freedom and privacy. It is argued that Ambient

  1. Ambient Utopia

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Heylen, Dirk K.J.; Bosse, Tibor

    2012-01-01

    his chapter presents an analysis of the ambitions that lie behind the concept of Ambient Intelligence as it is presented by the advocates and researchers working in the field. In particular it looks at the ideas regarding the forms of natural and intuitive forms of interaction that are envisaged –

  2. Crisis ambiental, desastre natural y la "sociedad desierto"

    OpenAIRE

    Reynol Díaz Coutiño

    2010-01-01

    La crisis ambiental y los "desastres naturales" se muestran como un conjunto que está definido por la sensibilidad de los factores de correlación. La crisis ambiental se entiende como los cambios "inesperados" delos procesos de aquellos factores que forman el ambiente local. La transición silenciosa de tales cambios altera, cuando va más allá de ciertos límites, el frágil balance del medio ambiente, hasta que emerge el desastre. En este sentido, el desastre nos es natural, pero sí los fenómen...

  3. Ambient ionization mass spectrometry

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lebedev, A T

    2015-01-01

    Ambient ionization mass spectrometry emerged as a new scientific discipline only about ten years ago. A considerable body of information has been reported since that time. Keeping the sensitivity, performance and informativity of classical mass spectrometry methods, the new approach made it possible to eliminate laborious sample preparation procedures and triggered the development of miniaturized instruments to work directly in the field. The review concerns the theoretical foundations and design of ambient ionization methods. Their advantages and drawbacks, as well as prospects for application in chemistry, biology, medicine, environmetal analysis, etc., are discussed. The bibliography includes 194 references

  4. PERCEPCIÓN AMBIENTAL EN ESTUDIANTES DE SECUNDARIA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Benito Zamorano González

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Se investigó un grupo de 254 estudiantes de una secundaria pública de Matamoros, Tamaulipas, México, adaptando el cuestionario utilizado por el Grup de Recerca Educació i Ciutadani (GREIC de la Universitat de les Illes Balears. El estudio se basa en un conjunto de 39 preguntas distribuidas en cuatro secciones: Afirmaciones relacionadas con el medio ambiente, para indagar su postura; Preocupación por el medio ambiente, para identificar el lugar que genera mayor interés; Problemas ambientales, sirvió para identificar el conocimiento de la problemática que afecta a su región y la cuarta sección Acciones para hacer un mundo mejor, para identificar la disposición de los estudiantes para mejorar el ambiente. La validación del cuestionario adaptado refiere un coeficiente del Alfa de Cronbach de 0.862 y los datos en estudio representan de forma generalizada la percepción ambiental que tienen los estudiantes y manifiestan la importancia de la educación ambiental.

  5. Radon-222 related influence on ambient gamma dose.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Melintescu, A; Chambers, S D; Crawford, J; Williams, A G; Zorila, B; Galeriu, D

    2018-04-03

    Ambient gamma dose, radon, and rainfall have been monitored in southern Bucharest, Romania, from 2010 to 2016. The seasonal cycle of background ambient gamma dose peaked between July and October (100-105 nSv h -1 ), with minimum values in February (75-80 nSv h -1 ), the time of maximum snow cover. Based on 10 m a.g.l. radon concentrations, the ambient gamma dose increased by around 1 nSv h -1 for every 5 Bq m -3 increase in radon. Radon variability attributable to diurnal changes in atmospheric mixing contributed less than 15 nSv h -1 to the overall variability in ambient gamma dose, a factor of 4 more than synoptic timescale changes in air mass fetch. By contrast, precipitation-related enhancements of the ambient gamma dose were 15-80 nSv h -1 . To facilitate routine analysis, and account in part for occasional equipment failure, an automated method for identifying precipitation spikes in the ambient gamma dose was developed. Lastly, a simple model for predicting rainfall-related enhancement of the ambient gamma dose is tested against rainfall observations from events of contrasting duration and intensity. Results are also compared with those from previously published models of simple and complex formulation. Generally, the model performed very well. When simulations underestimated observations the absolute difference was typically less than the natural variability in ambient gamma dose arising from atmospheric mixing influences. Consequently, combined use of the automated event detection method and the simple model of this study could enable the ambient gamma dose "attention limit" (which indicates a potential radiological emergency) to be reduced from 200 to 400% above background to 25-50%. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  6. Simulation of microbubble response to ambient pressure changes

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Andersen, Klaus Scheldrup; Jensen, Jørgen Arendt

    2008-01-01

    The theory on microbubbles clearly indicates a relation between the ambient pressure and the acoustic behavior of the bubble. The purpose of this study was to optimize the sensitivity of ambient pressure measurements, using the subharmonic component, through microbubble response simulations....... The behaviour of two different contrast agents was investigated as a function of driving pulse and ambient overpressure, pov. Simulations of Levovist using a rectangular driving pulse show an almost linear reduction in the subharmonic component as pov is increased. For a 20 cycles driving pulse, a reduction...... is not completely linear as a function of the ambient pressure....

  7. Gestión ambiental en las empresas agroindustriales. Un diagnóstico sobre el cumplimiento de la legislación ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Doris C. Reinosa P.

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo es diagnosticar el cumplimiento de la Legislación Ambiental por las empresas agroindustriales del Municipio Colón del Estado Zulia. El tipo de investigación es descriptiva, de campo, con la utilización de técnicas como la encuesta y entrevista y se enmarca en el conocimiento y cumplimiento de la normativa ambiental vigente en Venezuela. Se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: 1 Prevalecen las debilidades en cuanto al conocimiento y manejo de la normativa ambiental. 2 Se determinó la omisión de los Estudios de Impacto Ambiental. 3 Existe incumplimiento en la inscripción en el Registro de Actividades Susceptibles de Degradar el Ambiente - RASDA. 4 Existe desconocimiento de los principales efluentes, no se han establecido técnicas o procedimientos para mejorar el impacto ocasionado y, 5 Se evidencian debilidades en la actuación del MINAMB como organismo controlador de las actividades susceptibles y como ente ductor en el marco de velar por el cumplimiento de la legislación ambiental vigente

  8. EXPERIENCIA INTEGRADORA PARA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge F. Coronel

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se relacionó la práctica experimental de laboratorio co n el análisis de problemas ambientales. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar una propuesta que vinculó el trabajo experimental con la situación del ambiente local para promover el cuidado de la naturaleza y su uso con sostenibilidad . Esta estrategia brindó un enfoque integrador aportando a los alumnos de profesorado una alternativa de aprendizaje con exper iencias sencillas para el estudio cualitativo de l ambiente local y motivar a l análisis de problemas asociad o s. Las experiencias permitieron caracterizar las muestras de suelo, agua y aire del lugar de residencia de los alumnos. La información experimental obtenida potenció la discusión de la situación ambiental actual. E l enfoque de enseñanza basado en problemas socio - científicos posibilit ó la visión interdisciplinar del tema , redimensionando valores y acciones para el cuidado ambiental y el desarrollo sustentable.

  9. MEIO AMBIENTE E DESENVOLVIMENTO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Suely Salgueiro Chacon

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é resgatar elementos para subsidiar uma reflexão crítica sobre o modelo de desenvolvimento econômico prevalente na sociedade e as relações com o meio ambiente, sob a ameaça que ronda o destino da espécie humana, conforme afirmação de Lovelock (2006, p. 20 sobre o conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável: “uma ideia adorável se a tivéssemos aplicado 200 anos atrás, quando havia um bilhão de pessoas no mundo. Agora é tarde demais. Não há mais espaço para nenhum tipo de desenvolvimento. A humanidade tem que regredir”. Este artigo apresenta a evolução do conceito de desenvolvimento econômico sob a ótica da sustentabilidade, e interliga temas como: o ambientalismo, aglutinador de distintos pensamentos sobre as relações entre a sociedade e a natureza; o movimento ambiental, a fundamentar a disseminação do conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável, e a gestão ambiental, abordada como prática orientada pelo conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável.

  10. A cartografia social em ambientes escolares - por uma educação ambiental crítica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amanda Azevedo Cruz

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available A educação ambiental garante espaço nas escolas brasileiras como uma importante proposta para o enfrentamento dos problemas ambientais, porém, costuma ter uma concepção conservadora e, assim, ser desconexa das realidades locais. Para tanto, o artigo visa analisar a educação ambiental ensinada nos ambientes escolares no município de Diamantina/MG, a fim de atualizá-la temporo-espacialmente. As prioridades ambientais do entorno de nove escolas do ensino fundamental foram registradas via mapeamento participativo, juntamente à análise dos livros didáticos adotados por estes locais de modo a identificar e caracterizar suas abordagens ambientais. De modo geral, os produtos cartográficos representaram questões associadas a resíduos sólidos, efluentes e poluições hídrica, sonora e atmosférica, sem trazer elementos que apontem para as relações de poder e os consequentes embates por hegemonia que estrutura a sociedade moderna. E os materiais didáticos apresentam temas ambientais em sua composição, mas a maioria de forma simplificada e descontextualizada, o que contribui para os resultados alcançados nas atividades de mapeamento participativo. Como construção criativa e coletiva, a educação ambiental crítica urge-se diante da crise ambiental e, portanto, a atualização temporal e espacial das temáticas ambientais se torna, desde já, uma tarefa necessária.

  11. Manufactured Porous Ambient Surface Simulants

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carey, Elizabeth M.; Peters, Gregory H.; Chu, Lauren; Zhou, Yu Meng; Cohen, Brooklin; Panossian, Lara; Green, Jacklyn R.; Moreland, Scott; Backes, Paul

    2016-01-01

    The planetary science decadal survey for 2013-2022 (Vision and Voyages, NRC 2011) has promoted mission concepts for sample acquisition from small solar system bodies. Numerous comet-sampling tools are in development to meet this standard. Manufactured Porous Ambient Surface Simulants (MPASS) materials provide an opportunity to simulate variable features at ambient temperatures and pressures to appropriately test potential sample acquisition systems for comets, asteroids, and planetary surfaces. The original "flavor" of MPASS materials is known as Manufactured Porous Ambient Comet Simulants (MPACS), which was developed in parallel with the development of the Biblade Comet Sampling System (Backes et al., in review). The current suite of MPACS materials was developed through research of the physical and mechanical properties of comets from past comet missions results and modeling efforts, coordination with the science community at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and testing of a wide range of materials and formulations. These simulants were required to represent the physical and mechanical properties of cometary nuclei, based on the current understanding of the science community. Working with cryogenic simulants can be tedious and costly; thus MPACS is a suite of ambient simulants that yields a brittle failure mode similar to that of cryogenic icy materials. Here we describe our suite of comet simulants known as MPACS that will be used to test and validate the Biblade Comet Sampling System (Backes et al., in review).

  12. Ambient cosmology and spacetime singularities

    CERN Document Server

    Antoniadis, Ignatios

    2015-01-01

    We present a new approach to the issues of spacetime singularities and cosmic censorship in general relativity. This is based on the idea that standard 4-dimensional spacetime is the conformal infinity of an ambient metric for the 5-dimensional Einstein equations with fluid sources. We then find that the existence of spacetime singularities in four dimensions is constrained by asymptotic properties of the ambient 5-metric, while the non-degeneracy of the latter crucially depends on cosmic censorship holding on the boundary.

  13. Embedded systems design issues in ambient intelligence

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Aarts, E.H.L.; Roovers, R.L.J.; Basten, A.A.; Geilen, M.C.W.; Groot, de H.W.H.

    2003-01-01

    The vision of ambient intelligence opens a world of unprecedented ex.periences: the interaction of people with electronic devices is changed as context awareness, natural interfaces and ubiquitous availability of information are realized. We analyze the consequences of the ambient intelligence

  14. O QUE PENSAM OS ENFERMEIROS SOBRE A PROBLEMÁTICA AMBIENTAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sabrina Gonçalves Aguiar Soares

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo fue conocer lo que piensan los enfermeros acerca de la problemática ambiental. Investigación cualitativa, descriptiva exploratoria, con enfermeros de Hospital Universitario. Los datos fueron recolectados entre noviembre de 2010 y marzo de 2011, por medio de entrevista semiestructurada y analizados con base en el referencial de análisis de contenido. Los enfermeros tienen visiones diferenciadas sobre el medio ambiente y noción de que enfrentarse una grave crisis ambiental. Afirman que hay interfaz entre salud y medio ambiente, pero no fueron instrumentalizados acerca d el tema. Entienden que precisan actuar de forma responsable con el medio ambiente. El debate sobre la interfaz salud y medio ambiente necesita ser ampliado, en el cotidiano del profesional enfermero, en el sentido de buscar la responsabilidad de los profesionales con la sustentabilidad ambiental .

  15. Evaluación ambiental del PRMC

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Waldo López Moya

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo es una revisión constructiva de las actuales disposiciones sobre la evaluación ambiental de los planes reguladores, intentada con el propósito de contribuir a mejorar los procedimientos en práctica. En este sentido, aboga porque al plan regulador no se le exijan contribuciones ambientales que excedan a sus verdaderas competencias, para lo cual introduce el concepto de "efectos territoriales"; justifica que su evaluación ambiental deba ser realizda mediante una "declaración", y ahonda en la forma de elaborar y presentar esta declaración, acogiendo lo que a este respecto estipula el Art. 15° del Reglamento de la ley sobre Bases Generales del Medio Ambiente.

  16. Derecho ambiental municipal: las intendencias frente a la problemática del medio ambiente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gastón Casaux

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available Trabajo presentado en las III Jornadas de Derecho Municipal celebradas del 9 al 11 de setiembre de 1998.en el Palacio Munieipal, con el auspicio de la IMM y la Éditorial Nueva Juridica.Contenido: Panorama de las competencias municipales a través de la ley 2.820 de 1903. Ley Orgánica Municipal 9515 de 1935 y capítulos de la Constitución de 1966 (arts.7,72 y 332. La Reforma Constitucional de 8 de diciembre de 1996 aprobada por la Asamblea General el 14 de enero de 1997, constitucionaliza el Derecho Ambiental y el Congreso Nacional de Intendentes. Naturaleza Jurídica, del Plenario Municipal Nacional. Antecedentes, vía de hecho, distintas materias, unidad y organicidad. El advenimiento del Derecho Ambiental en la legislación contemporánea y su incorporación en el ámbito municipal. El siglo XXI, el Derecho Ambiental, el rol de los Municipios y su trascendencia para el ciudadano

  17. A RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL E O MEIO AMBIENTE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    DELCYLENE VILLALBA SOARES

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available RESUMOEste artigo tem por finalidade realizar uma análise sobre a evolução da responsabilidade civil e suas teorias, subjetiva e objetiva aplicadas ao meio ambiente. Dentro desta área, deve-se ressaltar que a responsabilidade civil ao meio ambiente, é um assunto de importante relevância para o efetivo controle da depredação ambiental, permitindo que sejam alcançadas as metas propostas como condição de sobrevivência da espécie humana, ou seja, a conservação do meio ambiente e o desenvolvimento econômico social, visando desta maneira, permitir a qualidade e a continuação da vida. Existe o entendimento, que somente com educação ambiental e normas reguladoras fortes, como a penalidade de ter que indenizar quando praticar algum dano ao meio ambiente conseguirá atingir o objetivo maior de preservação. Necessitam-se além de uma mudança na legislação que responsabilize poluidores do meio ambiente, atribuindo-lhes sanções que inibam a prática de tal conduta ilícita e realizando assim, a aplicabilidade da justiça.Palavras-chave:Responsabilidade Civil; Responsabilidade; Meio Ambiente ABSTRACTThis article have objective to realize a analysis about civil responsibility evolution and your theories, subjective and objective apply environment. Inside this area have to stand out that civil responsibility environment, it is a theme very important relevance for environment depredation control effective, permitting have been obtain proposals target like been human survival condition, therefore, environment conservation and social economic development objective permit quality and continuation of life. There is understanding, that only with environment education and strong regulation principle, like penalty has to indemnify when practice some injury of environment, will obtain more preservation. Demand a change on legislation that responsible environment polluter attribute him inhibit sanctions for practice this illicit conduct and

  18. Subjektivitas Dalam Iklan Ambient Media Miracle Aesthetic Clinic

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wegig Murwonugroho

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Subjektivitas di dalam iklan adalah kuasa yang dimiliki iklan untuk mengkonstruksi trend, kebenaran, hingga ideologi yang terjadi melalui alam bawah sadar. Iklan berfungsi menyampaikan pesan, yang direpresentasi-visualkan melalui metafora-metafora yang menjembatani antara gambaran imajinasi dan realitas. Ambient media merupakan media beriklan yang memanfaatkan lingkungan di mana iklan ditempatkan. Miracle Aesthetic Clinic (Miracle merepresentasi-visualkan iklan ambient media-nya dengan cara menghilangkan tampilan wajah kedua boneka perempuan. Wajah model iklan merupakan komoditi pencitraan yang pada umumnya memiliki nilai jual, namun dalam kedua iklan ini justeru ditenggelamkan ke dalam alas meja dan dinding tembok. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Analisa Wacana Kritis untuk menganalisa subjektivitas di dalam pemaknaan ambient media. Subjektivitas iklan Miracle menyudutkan perempuan tidak dapat hadir, tersisih, menjadi sosok yang mengerikan di dalam tataran sosialnya ketika wajah berjerawat.  Iklan ambient media Miracle ini berhasil mengkonstruksi wacana trend baru kecantikan wajah yang tidak terbatas pada tolok ukur karakteristik kecantikan pada umumnya. Kata kunci: ambient media, subjektivitas, kuasa, kecantikan ideal perempuan.

  19. socio-ec(h)o: Ambient Intelligence and Gameplay

    OpenAIRE

    Wakkary, Ron

    2005-01-01

    The socio-ec(h)o project aims to research a generalized ambient intelligent software platform and design models for responsive environments based on the concept of ambient intelligent "ecologies" and group gameplay. The benefits of the research include a software-architecture, ambient intelligence inference engine, and interaction design models for gameplay and responsive environments. The paper will discuss the results of our prototypes for games in responsive environments. These prototypes ...

  20. Ambient cosmology and spacetime singularities

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Antoniadis, Ignatios; Cotsakis, Spiros

    2015-01-01

    We present a new approach to the issues of spacetime singularities and cosmic censorship in general relativity. This is based on the idea that standard 4-dimensional spacetime is the conformal infinity of an ambient metric for the 5-dimensional Einstein equations with fluid sources. We then find that the existence of spacetime singularities in four dimensions is constrained by asymptotic properties of the ambient 5-metric, while the non-degeneracy of the latter crucially depends on cosmic censorship holding on the boundary. (orig.)

  1. Assessing plant response to ambient ozone: growth of young apple trees in open-top chambers and corresponding ambient air plots

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Manning, W.J.; Cooley, D.R.; Tuttle, A.F.; Frenkel, M.A.; Bergweiler, C.J.

    2004-01-01

    Open-top chambers (OTCs) and corresponding ambient air plots (AA) were used to assess the impact of ambient ozone on growth of newly planted apple trees at the Montague Field research center in Amherst, MA. Two-year-old apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh 'Rogers Red McIntosh') were planted in the ground in circular plots. Four of the plots were enclosed with OTCs where incoming air was charcoal-filtered (CF); four were enclosed with OTCs where incoming air was not charcoal-filtered (NF) and four were not enclosed, allowing access to ambient air conditions (AA). Conditions in both CF and NF OTCs resulted in increased tree growth and changed incidence of disease and arthropod pests, compared to trees in AA. As a result, we were not able to use the OTC method to assess the impact of ambient ozone on growth of young apple trees in Amherst, MA. - Capsule: Conditions in charcoal-filtered and non-filtered open-top chambers affected apple tree growth equally and prevented assessment of ambient ozone effects

  2. Elementos para una política exterior ambiental (Tema Central)

    OpenAIRE

    Salvador, Íñigo

    2002-01-01

    La necesidad de una política exterior ecuatoriana en lo ambiental surge de la naturaleza global del medio ambiente, de la responsabilidad del Ecuador como país privilegiado por su megadiversidad, de la vinculación inevitable entre la pobreza que le aqueja y la degradación del ambiente y de los compromisos internacionales por él adquiridos. Una política exterior ambiental debe resultar de un proceso de diseño en que participen todos los actores de la temática ambiental, aunque su ejecución deb...

  3. Improving Energy Saving Techniques by Ambient Intelligence Scheduling

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Cristani, Matteo; Karafili, Erisa; Tomazzoli, Claudio

    2015-01-01

    Energy saving is one of the most challenging aspects of modern ambient intelligence technologies, for both domestic and business usages. In this paper we show how to combine Ambient Intelligence and Artificial Intelligence techniques to solve the problem of scheduling a set of devices under a given...... for Ambient Intelligence to a specific framework and exhibit a sample usage for a real life system, Elettra, that is in use in an industrial context....

  4. Ambient Temperature and Cerebrovascular Hemodynamics in the Elderly.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pan, Wen-Chi; Eliot, Melissa N; Koutrakis, Petros; Coull, Brent A; Sorond, Farzaneh A; Wellenius, Gregory A

    2015-01-01

    Some prior studies have linked ambient temperature with risk of cerebrovascular events. If causal, the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying this putative association remain unknown. Temperature-related changes in cerebral vascular function may play a role, but this hypothesis has not been previously evaluated. We evaluated the association between ambient temperature and cerebral vascular function among 432 participants ≥65 years old from the MOBILIZE Boston Study with data on cerebrovascular blood flow, cerebrovascular resistance, and cerebrovascular reactivity in the middle cerebral artery. We used linear regression models to assess the association of mean ambient temperature in the previous 1 to 28 days with cerebrovascular hemodynamics adjusting for potential confounding factors. A 10°C increase in the 21-day moving average of ambient temperature was associated with a 10.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2%, 17.3%) lower blood flow velocity, a 9.0% (95% CI, 0.7%, 18.0%) higher cerebrovascular resistance, and a 15.3% (95%CI, 2.7%, 26.4%) lower cerebral vasoreactivity. Further adjustment for ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) did not materially alter the results. However, we found statistically significant interactions between ambient temperature and PM2.5 such that the association between temperature and blood flow velocity was attenuated at higher levels of PM2.5. In this elderly population, we found that ambient temperature was negatively associated with cerebral blood flow velocity and cerebrovascular vasoreactivity and positively associated with cerebrovascular resistance. Changes in vascular function may partly underlie the observed associations between ambient temperature and risk of cerebrovascular events.

  5. Numerical Analysis of Exergy for Air-Conditioning Influenced by Ambient Temperature

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jing-Nang Lee

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available The article presents numerical analysis of exergy for air-conditioning influenced by ambient temperature. The model of numerical simulation uses an integrated air conditioning system exposed in varied ambient temperature to observe change of the four main devices, the compressor, the condenser, the capillary, and the evaporator in correspondence to ambient temperature. The analysis devices of the four devices’s exergy influenced by the varied ambient temperature and found that the capillary has unusual increasing exergy loss vs. increasing ambient temperature in comparison to the other devices. The result shows that reducing exergy loss of the capillary influenced by the ambient temperature is the key for improving working efficiency of an air-conditioning system when influence of the ambient temperature is considered. The higher ambient temperature causes the larger pressure drop of capillary and more exergy loss.

  6. Revealing source signatures in ambient BTEX concentrations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zalel, Amir; Yuval; Broday, David M.

    2008-01-01

    Management of ambient concentrations of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) is essential for maintaining low ozone levels in urban areas where its formation is under a VOC-limited regime. The significant decrease in traffic-induced VOC emissions in many developed countries resulted in relatively comparable shares of traffic and non-traffic VOC emissions in urban airsheds. A key step for urban air quality management is allocating ambient VOC concentrations to their pertinent sources. This study presents an approach that can aid in identifying sources that contribute to observed BTEX concentrations in areas characterized by low BTEX concentrations, where traditional source apportionment techniques are not useful. Analysis of seasonal and diurnal variations of ambient BTEX concentrations from two monitoring stations located in distinct areas reveal the possibility to identify source categories. Specifically, the varying oxidation rates of airborne BTEX compounds are used to allocate contributions of traffic emissions and evaporative sources to observed BTEX concentrations. - BTEX sources are identified from temporal variations of ambient concentration

  7. Automated Processing Workflow for Ambient Seismic Recordings

    Science.gov (United States)

    Girard, A. J.; Shragge, J.

    2017-12-01

    Structural imaging using body-wave energy present in ambient seismic data remains a challenging task, largely because these wave modes are commonly much weaker than surface wave energy. In a number of situations body-wave energy has been extracted successfully; however, (nearly) all successful body-wave extraction and imaging approaches have focused on cross-correlation processing. While this is useful for interferometric purposes, it can also lead to the inclusion of unwanted noise events that dominate the resulting stack, leaving body-wave energy overpowered by the coherent noise. Conversely, wave-equation imaging can be applied directly on non-correlated ambient data that has been preprocessed to mitigate unwanted energy (i.e., surface waves, burst-like and electromechanical noise) to enhance body-wave arrivals. Following this approach, though, requires a significant preprocessing effort on often Terabytes of ambient seismic data, which is expensive and requires automation to be a feasible approach. In this work we outline an automated processing workflow designed to optimize body wave energy from an ambient seismic data set acquired on a large-N array at a mine site near Lalor Lake, Manitoba, Canada. We show that processing ambient seismic data in the recording domain, rather than the cross-correlation domain, allows us to mitigate energy that is inappropriate for body-wave imaging. We first develop a method for window selection that automatically identifies and removes data contaminated by coherent high-energy bursts. We then apply time- and frequency-domain debursting techniques to mitigate the effects of remaining strong amplitude and/or monochromatic energy without severely degrading the overall waveforms. After each processing step we implement a QC check to investigate improvements in the convergence rates - and the emergence of reflection events - in the cross-correlation plus stack waveforms over hour-long windows. Overall, the QC analyses suggest that

  8. VIOLÊNCIA E MEIO AMBIENTE: PODE A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL CONTRIBUIR PARA A PAZ E A SUSTENTABILIDADE?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gustavo Ferreira da Costa Lima

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available Historicamente a relação social e humana com o meio ambiente sempre implicou em algum tipo de destruição e degradação. Com a constituição da sociedade industrial capitalista e seu desdobramento em sociedade de consumo de massa, esse avanço sobre os recursos naturais tem se dado de forma tão radical que ameaça a continuidade da vida e da biosfera como a conhecemos nos últimos milênios. O texto reflete sobre a relação entre a violência social e o meio ambiente a partir de um feixe de teorias e conceitos provenientes do cruzamento da questão ambiental, da teoria crítica, da teoria da complexidade, da teoria da sociedade de risco e de contribuições de filosofias tradicionais como o Budismo. Os conceitos considerados são os de sustentabilidade, de interdependência, de cidadania ambiental e de justiça socioambiental. Nesse sentido, procura investigar as raízes sociais e psicossociais da violência que condicionam as relações e instituições sócio-culturais, entre as quais figuram a própria ciência, como saber social hegemônico, e a educação; observar suas implicações sobre a vida social e ambiental; e verificar a possível contribuição da educação, em geral, e da educação ambiental como foco curricular, em particular, para transformar ou reorientar essas forças e práticas associadas à violência para fins mais pacíficos e construtivos.

  9. Hybrid Logical Analyses of the Ambient Calculus

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bolander, Thomas; Hansen, Rene Rydhof

    2010-01-01

    In this paper, hybrid logic is used to formulate three control flow analyses for Mobile Ambients, a process calculus designed for modelling mobility. We show that hybrid logic is very well-suited to express the semantic structure of the ambient calculus and how features of hybrid logic can...

  10. Descentralización y ambiente: construcción de capacidad municipal para la gestión ambiental local en Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Camilo Cárdenas

    1995-10-01

    Full Text Available Con los cambios institucionales derivados de la Nueva Constitución de 1991 y la Ley 99 de 1993, el país está entrando a una nueva etapa en materia de gestión ambiental. Un sistema nacional ambiental ha sido propuesto, y si se revisa en detalle, dos elementos -o tal vez mejor, dos condiciones- ofrecen una gran oportunidad de abrir un camino hacia la sostenibilidad del país: la descentralización y la participación de la sociedad civil en la gestión ambiental. El éxito de una gestión ambiental local dependerá entonces de que a nivel municipal se construya “capacidad”, y ésta tiene en la sociedad civil y sus diferentes formas de expresión y organización, su principal fuente de apoyo.

  11. Status of ambient air quality at Barauni

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kannan, G.K.

    1993-01-01

    Due to industrialization, Barauni has become a well developed industrial estate to be considered as industrial hub of Bihar. Contemporary to the industrial growth, the environmental quality also gradually deteriorated. Hence a need was felt to know the status of ambient air quality for proper planning of the future growth of industries. The ambient air quality was monitored at 16 stations in and around Barauni industrial estate during 3 major seasons for the period of one year. The results are discussed as to the status of the ambient air quality and suggestion have also been made for improvement. (author). 5 refs., 2 figs., 7 tabs

  12. The Aesthetics of the Ambient Video Experience

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jim Bizzocchi

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Ambient Video is an emergent cultural phenomenon, with roots that go deeply into the history of experimental film and video art. Ambient Video, like Brian Eno's ambient music, is video that "must be as easy to ignore as notice" [9]. This minimalist description conceals the formidable aesthetic challenge that faces this new form. Ambient video art works will hang on the walls of our living rooms, corporate offices, and public spaces. They will play in the background of our lives, living video paintings framed by the new generation of elegant, high-resolution flat-panel display units. However, they cannot command attention like a film or television show. They will patiently play in the background of our lives, yet they must always be ready to justify our attention in any given moment. In this capacity, ambient video works need to be equally proficient at rewarding a fleeting glance, a more direct look, or a longer contemplative gaze. This paper connects a series of threads that collectively illuminate the aesthetics of this emergent form: its history as a popular culture phenomenon, its more substantive artistic roots in avant-garde cinema and video art, its relationship to new technologies, the analysis of the viewer's conditions of reception, and the work of current artists who practice within this form.

  13. Ocean Ambient Noise Measurement and Theory

    CERN Document Server

    Carey, William M

    2011-01-01

    This book develops the theory of ocean ambient noise mechanisms and measurements, and also describes general noise characteristics and computational methods.  It concisely summarizes the vast ambient noise literature using theory combined with key representative results.  The air-sea boundary interaction zone is described in terms of non-dimensional variables requisite for future experiments.  Noise field coherency, rare directional measurements, and unique basin scale computations and methods are presented.  The use of satellite measurements in these basin scale models is demonstrated.  Finally, this book provides a series of appendices giving in-depth mathematical treatments.  With its complete and careful discussions of both theory and experimental results, this book will be of the greatest interest to graduate students and active researchers working in fields related to ambient noise in the ocean.

  14. Trends in ambient intelligent systems the role of computational intelligence

    CERN Document Server

    Khan, Mohammad; Abraham, Ajith

    2016-01-01

    This book demonstrates the success of Ambient Intelligence in providing possible solutions for the daily needs of humans. The book addresses implications of ambient intelligence in areas of domestic living, elderly care, robotics, communication, philosophy and others. The objective of this edited volume is to show that Ambient Intelligence is a boon to humanity with conceptual, philosophical, methodical and applicative understanding. The book also aims to schematically demonstrate developments in the direction of augmented sensors, embedded systems and behavioral intelligence towards Ambient Intelligent Networks or Smart Living Technology. It contains chapters in the field of Ambient Intelligent Networks, which received highly positive feedback during the review process. The book contains research work, with in-depth state of the art from augmented sensors, embedded technology and artificial intelligence along with cutting-edge research and development of technologies and applications of Ambient Intelligent N...

  15. MEDIO AMBIENTE, TUTELAS DE URGENCIA Y PROCESO COLECTIVO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jeferson Marin

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available A problemática ambiental vem assumindo grande importância na sociedade atual. A utilização demasiada dos recursos serve como base para grandes discussões. Ao mesmo tempo em que se reconhece ao cidadão o direito de usufruir do ambiente que o cerca, impõe deveres, no sentido de garantir-se a utilização racional dos recursos ambientais. Apesar da existência de uma vasta legislação ambiental, o tema exige maiores mecanismos de controle, visando a proteção e garantia dos recursos naturais. Assim, faz-se necessária uma nova interpretação dos princípios processuais que vigoram no ordenamento, no sentido de melhorar a tutela do bem ambiental.

  16. Ambient air contamination: Characterization and detection techniques

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nulton, C. P.; Silvus, H. S.

    1985-01-01

    Techniques to characterize and detect sources of ambient air contamination are described. Chemical techniques to identify indoor contaminants are outlined, they include gas chromatography, or colorimetric detection. Organics generated from indoor materials at ambient conditions and upon combustion are characterized. Piezoelectric quartz crystals are used as precision frequency determining elements in electronic oscillators.

  17. Unidades de Pediatría Ambiental

    OpenAIRE

    PARÍS M, ENRIQUE; MOLINA M, HELIA; RÍOS B, JUAN CARLOS

    2007-01-01

    Se considera que una Unidad de Pediatría Ambiental es una estructura con roles claramente definidos, situada preferentemente en un centro de salud, especializada en afecciones pediátricas, relacionadas al ambiente. Estos centros pueden proporcionar asesoramiento, información y tratamiento, promover la investigación, entrenar a profesionales, educar al público e informar a las autoridades responsables. Su personal, especialmente entrenado en problemas ambientales, incluye: pediatras, toxicólog...

  18. The relationship between body and ambient temperature and corneal temperature

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kessel, Line; Johnson, Leif; Arvidsson, Henrik Sven

    2010-01-01

    Exposure to elevated ambient temperatures has been mentioned as a risk factor for common eye diseases, primarily presbyopia and cataract. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship among ambient, cornea, and body core temperature.......Exposure to elevated ambient temperatures has been mentioned as a risk factor for common eye diseases, primarily presbyopia and cataract. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship among ambient, cornea, and body core temperature....

  19. Territorios vulnerables e injusticia ambiental en Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miguel Lacabana

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available Justicia ambiental es un concepto fructífero en tanto modificó la perspectiva clásica de análisis sobre el problema de la degradación ambiental al establecer como principal interrogante no tanto las "causas" que producen tal degradación sino que interroga el proceso político, económico y social que consolida la desigual distribución social de las cargas nocivas de la contaminación. El conurbano sur de Buenos Aires y dentro de este el Municipio de Quilmes condensan distintas situaciones se vulnerabilidad social ambiental donde los conflictos son acallados, ocultos o simplemente quedan latentes frente a la emergencia de mantener o crear nuevas fuentes de empleo. La cuestión ambiental no se constituyó durante años en un problema con relevancia pública si bien existieron tímidas políticas públicas que tendieron a regular los efectos de polución industrial y sus efectos sobre la calidad de vida de las personas.

  20. Arte-educação ambiental, um constructo transdisciplinar

    OpenAIRE

    Rache, Rita Patta

    2017-01-01

    A partir da práxis educativa de arte-­educadoras que desenvolvem ações articuladas entre arte-­ educação e educação ambiental, particularmente aquelas que contribuíram para a elaboração da metodologia de educação ambiental da ONG Núcleo de Educação e Monitoramento Ambiental (NEMA), de Rio Grande/RS, e da Escola da Natureza, de Brasília/DF, constatamos a emergência da expressão Arte-­Educação Ambiental (AEA). Nosso objetivo foi investigar o fenômeno, seu conteúdo, referenciais teóricos, as met...

  1. Auditoria Operacional Ambiental: Instrumento para Efetivação do Direito Fundamental ao Meio Ambiente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Azor El Achkar

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo tem o objetivo de ressaltar a importância e competência dos tribunais de contas brasileiros em realizar auditorias publicas com enfoque na questão ambiental. Trata dos primórdios da lida com o tema, ressalta o destaque conferido pela Constituição Federal de 1988, evidencia a responsabilidade do Poder Publico com o assunto e observa que as cortes de contas tem missão constitucional de avaliar as acoes empreendidas para preservação e conservação do meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado.

  2. TRABALHO DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL PARA CONSCIENTIZAR DA IMPORTÂNCIA NA RECICLAGEM PARA PRESERVAÇÃO DO MEIO AMBIENTE.

    OpenAIRE

    Rossato, Ivete Fatima; Sens Neto, Valdemar Norberto

    2014-01-01

    O objetivo deste artigo foi trabalhar com a educação ambiental para conscientizar sobre da importância da reciclagem para preservação do meio ambiente. O projeto contou com a participação de 650 estudantes do Ensino fundamental de seis escolas no município de Palhoça/SC. Foram realizadas visitas na Associação do Centro de Triagem da Pró-CREP, localizada na Praia da Pinheira SC, onde aconteciam as palestras de educação ambiental com a finalidade de discutir os pontos relativos a coleta seletiv...

  3. NIF Ambient Vibration Measurements

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Noble, C.R.; Hoehler, M.S.; S.C. Sommer

    1999-01-01

    LLNL has an ongoing research and development project that includes developing data acquisition systems with remote wireless communication for monitoring the vibrations of large civil engineering structures. In order to establish the capability of performing remote sensing over an extended period of time, the researchers needed to apply this technology to a real structure. The construction of the National Ignition Facility provided an opportunity to test the data acquisition system on a large structure to monitor whether the facility is remaining within the strict ambient vibration guidelines. This document will briefly discuss the NIF ambient vibration requirements and summarize the vibration measurements performed during the Spring and Summer of 1999. In addition, a brief description of the sensors and the data acquisition systems will be provided in Appendix B

  4. Ambient workplace heterosexism: Implications for sexual minority and heterosexual employees.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miner, Kathi N; Costa, Paula L

    2018-06-01

    This study examined the relationship between ambient workplace heterosexism, emotional reactions (i.e., fear and anger), and outcomes for sexual minority and heterosexual employees. Five hundred thirty-six restaurant employees (68% female, 77% White) completed an online survey assessing the variables of interest. Results showed that greater experiences of ambient workplace heterosexism were associated with heightened fear and anger and, in turn, with heightened psychological distress (for fear) and greater physical health complaints, turnover intentions, and lowered job satisfaction (for anger). Fear also mediated the relationship between ambient workplace heterosexism and psychological distress. In addition, sexual orientation moderated the relationship between ambient workplace heterosexism and fear such that sexual minority employees reported more fear than heterosexuals with greater ambient heterosexism. These effects occurred after controlling for personal experiences of interpersonal discrimination. Our findings suggest that ambient workplace heterosexism can be harmful to all employees, not only sexual minorities or targeted individuals. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  5. La cultura ambiental. Una mirada desde la comunidad Venceremos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Msc. Bertha Nudis Ferrer-Hechavarría

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo constituye una aproximación al estudio de la cultura ambiental como elemento necesario en el camino al desarrollo comunitario. Parte de un breve análisis conceptual de la cultura para luego llegar a la cultura ambiental de acuerdo con las consideraciones de la autora. Momento singular resulta el que destaca la necesidad de que las comunidades enfrenten los problemas ambientales en el camino al desarrollo y sean depositarias de una cultura ambiental que lo posibilite. En este empeño tiene gran importancia la implementación de proyectos comunitarios, pues las comunidades constituyen grupos sociales claves en la solución de los problemas ambientales a nivel global y local. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, ha sido diseñado y ya se implementa un proyecto de educación ambiental para el desarrollo local sostenible en una comunidad que lleva como nombre Venceremos; tiene, entre sus distintas líneas de desarrollo, a la cultura ambiental.

  6. La noción de sujeto en Antropología Biológica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lahitte, Héctor Blas

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available Definir la noción de sujeto en antropología biológica alude-al menos-a dos preguntas: ¿qué es un ser vivo? ¿a partir de qué condición/es nos hacemos humanos?. Sin entrar a discutir la inmensa variedad de posiciones a propósito del entendimiento de lo humano; sí podemos afirmar que todo intento de comprensión fundado en la interacción de naturaleza y entorno posee al menos sentido común. Cualquier batalla que destaque exageradamente la importancia de uno u otro resultará agotadoramente inútil. Mi punto de vista, no respalda ni al nativismo partidario de la herencia ni al ambientalismo partidario del entorno. Creo que herencia y ambiente son dos perspectivas de un saber único para explicar nuestra condición. Los seres humanos somos seres sociales, vivimos nuestro ser cotidiano, en permanente relación con el ser de otros. Al mismo tiempo somos el devenir de experiencias individuales intransferibles. Como seres vivos somos sistemas determinados estructuralmente: todo ocurre en nosotros, a modo de cambios producidos como resultado de nuestra organización interna, o como condición de nuestras interacciones con el medio. -La conducta de cualquier ser vivo es adecuada si sus cambios ocurren en congruencia con los cambios del medio. -Nuestro llegar a ser es siempre resultado de dos procesos: conservación y variación. El dominio social humano, posee un mecanismo fundamental; el lenguaje: surge como característica del proceso que le da origen. Nos hacemos humanos en y por el lenguaje desde él accedemos a la autobservación y autoconciencia. Como bien expresa M. Ridley: "...la naturaleza humana es una mezcla de los principios de Darwin, la herencia de Galton, los instintos de James, los genes de De Vries, los reflejos de Pavlov, las asociaciones de Watson, la historia de Kraepelin, la experiencia positiva de Freud, la cultura de Boas, la división del trabajo de Durkheim, el desarrollo de Piaget y la creación de lazos afectivos de

  7. Human-Centric Interfaces for Ambient Intelligence

    CERN Document Server

    Aghajan, Hamid; Delgado, Ramon Lopez-Cozar

    2009-01-01

    To create truly effective human-centric ambient intelligence systems both engineering and computing methods are needed. This is the first book to bridge data processing and intelligent reasoning methods for the creation of human-centered ambient intelligence systems. Interdisciplinary in nature, the book covers topics such as multi-modal interfaces, human-computer interaction, smart environments and pervasive computing, addressing principles, paradigms, methods and applications. This book will be an ideal reference for university researchers, R&D engineers, computer engineers, and graduate s

  8. Sampling and analyte enrichment strategies for ambient mass spectrometry.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Xianjiang; Ma, Wen; Li, Hongmei; Ai, Wanpeng; Bai, Yu; Liu, Huwei

    2018-01-01

    Ambient mass spectrometry provides great convenience for fast screening, and has showed promising potential in analytical chemistry. However, its relatively low sensitivity seriously restricts its practical utility in trace compound analysis. In this review, we summarize the sampling and analyte enrichment strategies coupled with nine modes of representative ambient mass spectrometry (desorption electrospray ionization, paper vhspray ionization, wooden-tip spray ionization, probe electrospray ionization, coated blade spray ionization, direct analysis in real time, desorption corona beam ionization, dielectric barrier discharge ionization, and atmospheric-pressure solids analysis probe) that have dramatically increased the detection sensitivity. We believe that these advances will promote routine use of ambient mass spectrometry. Graphical abstract Scheme of sampling stretagies for ambient mass spectrometry.

  9. Volumetric ambient occlusion for real-time rendering and games.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Szirmay-Kalos, L; Umenhoffer, T; Toth, B; Szecsi, L; Sbert, M

    2010-01-01

    This new algorithm, based on GPUs, can compute ambient occlusion to inexpensively approximate global-illumination effects in real-time systems and games. The first step in deriving this algorithm is to examine how ambient occlusion relates to the physically founded rendering equation. The correspondence stems from a fuzzy membership function that defines what constitutes nearby occlusions. The next step is to develop a method to calculate ambient occlusion in real time without precomputation. The algorithm is based on a novel interpretation of ambient occlusion that measures the relative volume of the visible part of the surface's tangent sphere. The new formula's integrand has low variation and thus can be estimated accurately with a few samples.

  10. Acoustic ambient noise recorder

    Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

    Saran, A.K.; Navelkar, G.S.; Almeida, A.M.; More, S.R.; Chodankar, P.V.; Murty, C.S.

    with a robust outfit that can withstand high pressures and chemically corrosion resistant materials. Keeping these considerations in view, a CMOS micro-controller-based marine acoustic ambient noise recorder has been developed with a real time clock...

  11. Algorithms in ambient intelligence

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Aarts, E.H.L.; Korst, J.H.M.; Verhaegh, W.F.J.; Verhaegh, W.F.J.; Aarts, E.H.L.; Korst, J.H.M.

    2004-01-01

    In this chapter, we discuss the new paradigm for user-centered computing known as ambient intelligence and its relation with methods and techniques from the field of computational intelligence, including problem solving, machine learning, and expert systems.

  12. Fundamentación teórica de la auditoria ambiental

    OpenAIRE

    Manuel Vélez C.

    1998-01-01

    International audience; La fundamentación teórica de la auditoria ambiental se orienta a establecer las bases del enfoque alternativo de la auditoria ambiental al medio ambiente y desarrollo local, desde la perspectiva de la sustentabilidad y las normas de auditoría generalmente aceptadas, por medio de la descripción y análisis de los principios de la auditoría, los conceptos de la auditoria con énfasis en el conceptos de ambiente y desarrollo sustentable, las normas de auditoría, las polític...

  13. Ambijentalna muzika kao praksa popularne umetnosti / Ambient Music as Popular Art Practice

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ivana Ančić

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available This paper considers ambient music in a comparative perspective. Taking the 1950s as a mirror time axis, I suggest comparing Erik Satie’s ideas on Furniture music (1920s to Brian Eno’s notions of ambient music (1970s onwards. Satie is considered as the father of ambient music as he was among the first people aware of the interconnection of music and ambient sounds. Music that Brian Eno creates almost thirty years later has deep roots in Satie’s concept of implementation of ambiental music, which means that the music “should last and represent the environment” (Brian Eno, “Ambient Music”, 2014. Ambiental music’s theoretical foundations can be compared to American Minimalist and environmental art. Consideration of the audio perception phenomena is also very important for understanding and Adorno’s interpretation of the term regressive listening that will be explored later in this paper. This is an attempt to study the artistic side of ambient music, which has a wide scope of applications beyond the art sphere. In this respect, I will try to state the differences between ambient music as an art intermission in our everyday life and ambient music as a control device over human behavior.

  14. A HERMENÊUTICA AMBIENTAL E A RESPONSABILIZAÇÃO PELO DANO MORAL AMBIENTAL OBJETIVO / THE ENVIRONMENTAL INTERPRETATION AND THE RESPONSABILITY FOR THE MORAL OBJECTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Márcia Rodrigues Bertoldi

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available Resumo: O princípio da responsabilidade impõe um imperativo moral, no sentido de que se deve agir de modo que os direitos estabelecidos sejam compatíveis com a permanência de uma autêntica vida humana na Terra. É com a intenção de atar firmemente a efetiva responsabilização pelo dano ambiental ao imperativo moral em seu viés preventivo e repressivo que este trabalho se põe em marcha. Os modos de vida humanos individuais e coletivos das sociedades ocidentais evoluem no sentido de uma progressiva deterioração do meio ambiente. É a relação da subjetividade com sua exterioridade que se encontra comprometida. Se não houver uma rearticulação dos três registros fundamentais da ecologia – subjetivo, social e ambiental –, podemos, infelizmente, pressagiar a escalada de todos os perigos que envolvem a sociedade atual. Em lugar da relação harmônica e sustentável com o meio ambiente, as sociedades de consumo introduziram a ideia da subjetividade que constrói o mundo que a circunda. A relação do sujeito com o mundo no qual se encontra deve ser sua principal preocupação. Para isso, torna-se imprescindível um envolvimento com a efetiva proteção do meio ambiente, caso se queira manter a vida na Terra para as presentes e futuras gerações. A implementação de uma hermenêutica jurídica eminentemente ambiental é o caminho jurídico para a efetiva proteção do chamado bem ambiental, considerando-se as especificidades do bem em comento. Na esteira dessa hermenêutica, o dano moral ambiental objetivo encontra respaldo, e o seu agente pode ser responsabilizado. Palavras-chave: Hermenêutica ambiental. Risco ambiental. Dano moral ambiental objetivo.

  15. Periodismo ambiental en Canal Sur Televisión

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lic. Miguel Montaño Montaño

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available El autor estudia el origen histórico del periodismo ambiental, la evolución en España y Andalucía y su aparición en Canal Sur TV Realiza un análisis sobre la información medioambiental, especialidad del periodismo que en la década de los noventa despierta nuevamente gran interés entre el público. La televisión autonómica ha dedicado, desde su creación numerosos programas sobre el medio ambiente. Actualmente sus Servicios Informativos tienen la sección Medio Ambiente. De la importancia que se concede a este tipo de información es un buen ejemplo el programa «Tierra y Mar», que incorpora progresivamente noticias medioambientales, referidas a la educación ambiental, el mantenimiento y recuperación de la biodiversidad y la presentación de modelos de conducta respetuosos.

  16. Technology review: prototyping platforms for monitoring ambient conditions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Afolaranmi, Samuel Olaiya; Ramis Ferrer, Borja; Martinez Lastra, Jose Luis

    2018-05-08

    The monitoring of ambient conditions in indoor spaces is very essential owing to the amount of time spent indoors. Specifically, the monitoring of air quality is significant because contaminated air affects the health, comfort and productivity of occupants. This research work presents a technology review of prototyping platforms for monitoring ambient conditions in indoor spaces. It involves the research on sensors (for CO 2 , air quality and ambient conditions), IoT platforms, and novel and commercial prototyping platforms. The ultimate objective of this review is to enable the easy identification, selection and utilisation of the technologies best suited for monitoring ambient conditions in indoor spaces. Following the review, it is recommended to use metal oxide sensors, optical sensors and electrochemical sensors for IAQ monitoring (including NDIR sensors for CO 2 monitoring), Raspberry Pi for data processing, ZigBee and Wi-Fi for data communication, and ThingSpeak IoT platform for data storage, analysis and visualisation.

  17. Ambient air pollution and low birth weight

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Westergaard, Nadja; Gehring, Ulrike; Slama, Rémy

    2017-01-01

    (TLBW, restriction (IUGR), and suggest that some subgroups of pregnant women who are smoking, of low or high body-mass index (BMI), low socioeconomic status (SES) or asthma are more vulnerable towards...... on the association between ambient air pollution and TLBW. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for TLBW associated with exposure to ambient air pollution were in one study higher among women who smoked during pregnancy, as compared to the OR of non-smoking women, while in the other study the association was in the opposite...... direction. The association of ambient air pollution and TLBW were higher among women characterized by extreme BMI (two studies) and low SES compared to non-obese women or women of higher SES (four studies), respectively. Only one study reported the estimated effects among asthmatic and non-asthmatic women...

  18. Ambient Response Analysis of the Great Belt Bridge

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Brincker, Rune; Frandsen, Jeanette B.; Andersen, Palle

    2000-01-01

    In this paper an ambient response analysis of the Great Belt Bridge is presented. The Great Belt Bridge is one of the largest suspension bridges in the world, and the analysis was carried out in order to investigate the possibilities of estimating reliable damping values from the ambient response...

  19. Ambient pressure sensitivity of microbubbles investigated through a parameter study

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Andersen, Klaus Scheldrup; Jensen, Jørgen Arendt

    2009-01-01

    Measurements on microbubbles clearly indicate a relation between the ambient pressure and the acoustic behavior of the bubble. The purpose of this study was to optimize the sensitivity of ambient pressure measurements, using the subharmonic component, through microbubble response simulations....... The behavior of two microbubbles corresponding to two different contrast agents was investigated as a function of driving pulse and ambient overpressure, pov. Simulations of Levovist using a rectangular driving pulse show an almost linear reduction in the subharmonic component as pov is increased. For a 20...... found, although the reduction is not completely linear as a function of the ambient pressure....

  20. Exploring distributed user interfaces in ambient intelligent environments

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Dadlani Mahtani, P.M.; Peregrin Emparanza, J.; Markopoulos, P.; Gallud, J.A.; Tesoriero, R.; Penichet, V.M.R.

    2011-01-01

    In this paper we explore the use of Distributed User Interfaces (DUIs) in the field of Ambient Intelligence (AmI). We first introduce the emerging area of AmI, followed by describing three case studies where user interfaces or ambient displays are distributed and blending in the user’s environments.

  1. APONTAMENTOS PARA CONSTRUÇÃO DA RACIONALIDADE AMBIENTAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Munir Jorge Felício

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Os apontamentos para construção da racionalidade ambiental propostos nesse texto foram reunidos das contribuições presentes nas análises da fenomenologia, da epistemologia e da ontologia do ser social em Marx. Essa iniciativa almeja ampliar e aprofundar a compreensão da problemática ambiental cujas mudanças globais provocam desafios principalmente para comunidade científica. Trata-se de problematizar o desenvolvimento da racionalidade econômica, a partir das degradações dos recursos naturais engendradas pelo atual avanço do modelo de desenvolvimento socioeconômico. Modelo que se baseia na majoração da produtividade, se apóia na expansão tecnológica e se sustenta da exploração como se os recursos naturais fossem ainda considerados abundantes e ilimitados. A transição dessa racionalidade econômica para a racionalidade ambiental é um empreendimento buscado pelas possibilidades de conhecimento advindo das análises da fenomenologia. Entre essas possibilidades, a interdisciplinaridade indicada como necessária pela epistemologia ambiental, pode se tornar uma interessante estratégia de pesquisa, desde que, tenha como ponto de partida, as demandas externas onde se encontram os elementos da atual questão ambiental e de seus desdobramentos.

  2. Setting priorities for ambient air quality objectives

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2004-10-01

    Alberta has ambient air quality objectives in place for several pollutants, toxic substances and other air quality parameters. A process is in place to determine if additional air quality objectives are required or if existing objectives should be changed. In order to identify the highest priority substances that may require an ambient air quality objective to protect ecosystems and public health, a rigorous, transparent and cost effective priority setting methodology is required. This study reviewed, analyzed and assessed successful priority setting techniques used by other jurisdictions. It proposed an approach for setting ambient air quality objective priorities that integrates the concerns of stakeholders with Alberta Environment requirements. A literature and expert review were used to examine existing priority-setting techniques used by other jurisdictions. An analysis process was developed to identify the strengths and weaknesses of various techniques and their ability to take into account the complete pathway between chemical emissions and damage to human health or the environment. The key strengths and weaknesses of each technique were identified. Based on the analysis, the most promising technique was the tool for the reduction and assessment of chemical and other environmental impacts (TRACI). Several considerations for using TRACI to help set priorities for ambient air quality objectives were also presented. 26 refs, 8 tabs., 4 appendices

  3. LA DIMENSION AMBIENTAL Y LA EDUCACION

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    César Humberto Arias Pabón

    1995-01-01

    Full Text Available El evidente deterioro ambiental al cual se enfrenta nuestra civilización, constituye una seria amenaza para la supervivencia de la especie humana por cuanto afecta sustancialmente la disponibilidad de recursos para mante ner el ritmo de producción de bienes y el avance tecnológico, característicos de la sociedad actual. Tal situación es causada no solamente por un equivocado modelo de desarrollo que considera incompatibles los conceptos de progreso material y conservación, sino por la ignorancia generalizada sobre la dinámica de los diversos procesos ecológicos que de forma natural buscan mantener el equilibrio ambiental del entorno. Ante este fenómeno la Fundación UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL plantea una estrategia educativa como parte de la solución al problema con el ofrecimiento del programa de Ingeniería en Recursos Hídricos, a través del cual busca integrar la Dimensión Ambiental con la formación universitaria de las juventudes colombianas.

  4. Ambient Field Analysis at Groningen Gas Field

    Science.gov (United States)

    Spica, Z.; Nakata, N.; Beroza, G. C.

    2016-12-01

    We analyze continuous ambient-field data at Groningen gas field (Netherlands) through cross-correlation processing. The Groningen array is composed of 75 shallow boreholes with 6 km spacing, which contain a 3C surface accelerometer and four 5-Hz 3C borehole geophones spaced at 50 m depth intervals. We successfully retrieve coherent waves from ambient seismic field on the 9 components between stations. Results show high SNR signal in the frequency range of 0.125-1 Hz, and the ZZ, ZR, RZ, RR and TT components show much stronger wave energy than other components as expected. This poster discuss the different type of waves retrieved, the utility of the combination of borehole and surface observations, future development as well as the importance to compute the 9 components of the Green's tensor to better understand the wave field propriety with ambient noise.

  5. Dependence of boron cluster dissolution on the annealing ambient

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Radic, Ljubo; Lilak, Aaron D.; Law, Mark E.

    2002-01-01

    Boron is introduced into silicon via implantation to form p-type layers. This process creates damage in the crystal that upon annealing causes enhanced diffusion and clustering of the boron layer. Reactivation of the boron is not a well-understood process. In this letter we experimentally investigate the effect of the annealing ambient on boron reactivation kinetics. An oxidizing ambient which injects silicon interstitials is compared to an inert ambient. Contrary to published theory, an excess of interstitials does not accelerate the reactivation process

  6. A Smart Kitchen for Ambient Assisted Living

    OpenAIRE

    Blasco, Rubén; Marco, Álvaro; Casas, Roberto; Cirujano, Diego; Picking, Richard

    2014-01-01

    The kitchen environment is one of the scenarios in the home where users can benefit from Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) applications. Moreover, it is the place where old people suffer from most domestic injuries. This paper presents a novel design, implementation and assessment of a Smart Kitchen which provides Ambient Assisted Living services; a smart environment that increases elderly and disabled people’s autonomy in their kitchen-related activities through context and user awareness, appr...

  7. Responsabilidades municipales en materia ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ignacio Pichardo Pagaza

    2009-01-01

    Este trabajo reflexiona en torno a las responsabilidades que la Constitución política impone de manera exclusiva a los municipios y que por su naturaleza tienen efectos directos en el medio ambiente. Se alude aquí a los servicios de agua po ta ble, drenaje, saneamiento, tratamiento de aguas residuales, disposición de residuos sólidos, rastros, panteones y mercados. Ahora son los desafíos ambientales de la autoridad municipal, por lo que deben ser también sus prioridades. Si esos servicios no se atienden oportuna y técnicamente la población sufrirá, se deteriorará gravemente el medio ambiente y disminuirá la calidad de la vida de la comunidad.

  8. Plume Splitting in a Two-layer Stratified Ambient Fluid

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ma, Yongxing; Flynn, Morris; Sutherland, Bruce

    2017-11-01

    A line-source plume descending into a two-layer stratified ambient fluid in a finite sized tank is studied experimentally. Although the total volume of ambient fluid is fixed, lower- and upper-layer fluids are respectively removed and added at a constant rate mimicking marine outfall through diffusers and natural and hybrid ventilated buildings. The influence of the plume on the ambient depends on the value of λ, defined as the ratio of the plume buoyancy to the buoyancy loss of the plume as it crosses the ambient interface. Similar to classical filling-box experiments, the plume can always reach the bottom of the tank if λ > 1 . By contrast, if λ < 1 , an intermediate layer eventually forms as a result of plume splitting. Eventually all of the plume fluid spreads within the intermediate layer. The starting time, tv, and the ending time, tt, of the transition process measured from experiments correlate with the value of λ. A three-layer ambient fluid is observed after transition, and the mean value of the measured densities of the intermediate layer fluid is well predicted using plume theory. Acknowledgments: Funding for this study was provided by NSERC.

  9. Evidence of Non-extensivity in Earth's Ambient Noise

    Science.gov (United States)

    Koutalonis, Ioannis; Vallianatos, Filippos

    2017-12-01

    The study of ambient seismic noise is one of the important scientific and practical research challenges, due to its use in a number of geophysical applications. In this work, we describe Earth's ambient noise fluctuations in terms of non-extensive statistical physics. We found that Earth's ambient noise increments follow the q-Gaussian distribution. This indicates that Earth's ambient noise's fluctuations are not random and present long-term memory effects that could be described in terms of Tsallis entropy. Our results suggest that q values depend on the time length used and that the non-extensive parameter, q, converges to value q → 1 for short-time windows and a saturation value of q ≈ 1.33 for longer ones. The results are discussed from the point of view of superstatistics introduced by Beck [Contin Mech Thermodyn 16(3):293-304, 2004] and connects the q values with the system's degrees of freedom. Our work indicates that the converged (maximum) value is q = 1.33 and is related to 5 degrees of freedom.

  10. Mapas de ruido: mecanismo de control del ruido ambiental

    OpenAIRE

    Chávez García, Kelvin

    2012-01-01

    Los primeros mecanismos de control del ruido ambiental fueron los mapas acústicos. La Directiva Europea 2002149/CE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo de Evatuacián y Gestión del Ruido Ambiental, exige, a los estados miembros,  se midan los niveles de ruido, en su entorno local, con  el fin de contar con indicadores de ruido comunes. elaborar mapas de ruido y planes de acción destinados a reducir los efectos nocivos de ruido ambiental.  Las directrices para la elaboración de l...

  11. Aspectos procesales relativos al daño ambiental en el Ecuador

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    René Bedón Garzón

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad determinar, mediante un análisis profundo de diferentes doctrinas, la definición de daño ambiental; se procura también, determinar la diferencia entre daño a la naturaleza y el daño civil ambiental, que es el daño producido a intereses individuales o colectivos con ocasión del evento ambiental. Para tal efecto, se pretende estudiar las normas procesales y cierta jurisprudencia ecuatoriana referente a la gestión ambiental; asimismo, considerar dentro del Derecho comparado en qué forma países como Chile, España y Argentina regulan la indemnización y la reparación del ambiente.  

  12. Participación ambiental mecanismos establecidos por los estados español y colombiano para la defensa del medio ambiente y los recursos naturales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Javier Velásquez Muñoz

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Tanto la legislación ambiental del Estado español como colombiano establecen mecanismos para lograr, al menos en un nivel aceptable, la participación ciudadana en defensa del medio ambiente y de los recursos naturales; a pesar de ello, es claro que, al tratarse de un proceso incipiente, se hace necesario reforzar con decisión sus elementos estructurales: más y mejor educación ambiental en todas las etapas y niveles, mayor y mejor acceso a la información por parte de la población, y mayor asunción de responsabilidades y deberes ciudadanos en defensa del medio ambiente. Sólo de esta manera es posible concebir conciencia para una real participación activa

  13. Ambient Air Pollution and Morbidity in Chinese.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hu, Li-Wen; Lawrence, Wayne R; Liu, Yimin; Yang, Bo-Yi; Zeng, Xiao-Wen; Chen, Wen; Dong, Guang-Hui

    2017-01-01

    The rapid economic growth in China is coupled with a severe ambient air pollution, which poses a huge threat to human health and the sustainable development of social economy. The rapid urbanization and industrialization over the last three decades have placed China as one of countries with the greatest disease burden in world. Notably, the prevalence rate of chronic noncommunicable diseases (CND), including respiratory diseases, CVD, and stroke, in 2010 reaches 16.9%. The continuous growth of the incidence of CND urgent needs for effective regulatory action for health protection. This study aims to evaluate the impact of rapid urbanization on status of ambient air pollution and associated adverse health effects on the incidence and the burden of CND and risk assessment. Our findings would be greatly significant in the prediction of the risk of ambient air pollution on CND and for evidence-based policy making and risk management in China.

  14. Auditoría ambiental: estrategia para disminuir la contaminación ambiental generada por las aguas residuales de la EPSASA periodos 2011 - 2012

    OpenAIRE

    Enciso Huillca, Edwar Rafael

    2014-01-01

    La presente investigación de tesis, surge como una necesidad de disminuir la contaminación ambiental generada por las aguas residuales. Es muy amplio hablar de una auditoría ambiental en general, por tal motivo se ha tomado una empresa que de una u otra forma es parte de ese conglomerado universal y que de alguna manera repercute en el medio ambiente que nos rodea. La EPSASA es una empresa prestadora de servicios, dedicada a la captación, tratamiento, almacenamiento y distribución del agua po...

  15. Licenciamento ambiental municipal e a LC n°. 140/2011

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Felipe Pires Muniz de Brito

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Segundo a Constituição de 1988, a proteção ambiental é compartilhada por todos os entes da Federação brasileira e, por conta disto, requer uma atuação conjunta. Para tanto, o parágrafo único do art. 23 CF/88 estabeleceu que a tarefa de organizar o sistema federativo ficaria a cargo de lei complementar, a qual fixaria normas de cooperação. Dessa forma, foi promulgada em 2011 a Lei Complementar n°. 140, que, dentre outras matérias, define as competências de União, Estados, Distrito Federal e Municípios perante o licenciamento ambiental. Diante desse quadro, o texto propõe uma análise específica sobre o papel dos entes municipais e, para tanto, mostrou-se fundamental discorrer sobre a constitucionalidade das tipologias municipais submetidas aos Conselhos Estaduais previstas no art. art. 9º, XIV, a LC nº. 140/2011. Ultrapassadas as premissas referidas, busca-se apresentar o licenciamento ambiental municipal como importante foco de políticas públicas, visando buscar de um meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado. Palavras chaves: Federalismo de Cooperação. Licenciamento Ambiental Municipal. LC n°. 140/2011. Gestão Pública Ambiental Municipal.

  16. Designing interactive ambient multimedia applications : requirements and implementation challenges

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Obrenovic, Z.; Nack, F.-M.; Hardman, H.L.

    2006-01-01

    Ambient intelligence opens new possibilities for interactive multimedia, leading towards applications where the selection, generation and playback of multimedia content can be directed and influenced by multiple users in an ambient sensor network. In this paper, we derive the basic requirements for

  17. Pediatria ambiental: um tema emergente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patricia M. Valenzuela

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Revisar os artigos mais relevantes sobre a pediatria ambiental, seus efeitos potenciais para a saúde e, especialmente, seus avanços na prevenção. FONTES DOS DADOS: Foi realizada uma pesquisa utilizando as bases de dados MEDLINE/PubMed e SciELO. Foram revisados artigos de 1990 a 2010, além de capítulos de livros relacionados à pediatria ambiental. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: Há uma variedade significativa de fatores que tornam as crianças altamente vulneráveis à exposição a riscos ambientais, associados principalmente ao consumo comparativamente maior de água, comida e ar por parte da criança, em relação ao seu peso corporal. De acordo com a Organização Mundial de Saúde, mais de 3 milhões de crianças menores de 5 anos morrem devido a doenças relacionadas ao meio ambiente. Aproximadamente 30-40% das doenças pediátricas estão relacionadas a fatores ambientais. As crianças estão constantemente expostas a vários riscos ambientais para a saúde, dentre os quais se destacam: água contaminada, falta de condições adequadas de saneamento, poluição do ar, vetores de doenças, perigos químicos, injúrias e acidentes. CONCLUSÕES: Atualmente, os pediatras são desafiados a tratar das necessidades de saúde ligadas à pediatria ambiental. A história pediátrica deve ser mais abrangente, acrescentando-se questões pontuais que ajudem a identificar potenciais riscos ambientais. A conscientização e o entendimento sobre os efeitos nocivos das várias condições ambientais e o conhecimento sobre as medidas de prevenção relacionadas resultarão em intervenções oportunas e adequadas que melhorarão a saúde e o desenvolvimento das nossas crianças.

  18. Ambiente y salud: Reflexiones sobre la interacción entre el Derecho Ambiental y el Derecho de la Salud

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gastón Casaux

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Desde el punto de vista sanitario se entiende por Ambiente “el conjunto de condiciones físicas, químicas biológicas, psicológicas, sociales, culturales y económicas en las que vive una población y sus interacciones”.Asu vez, la Salud Pública ha identificado al ambiente como un determinante de la salud, concibiéndolo como el de mayor significación del proceso salud/enfermedad.Por ende, puede llegar a constituirse en un entorno peligroso o saludable.La salud admite entonces cuatro influencias decisivas: el estilo de vida, la biología humana, el sistema de atención a la salud y el ambiente.Contenido: Caracteres. Organismos competentes. Código de Aguas. Competencias Municipales. Régimen legal de la Salud. Normas nacionales. Normas Internacionales. Normas MERCOSUR. Normas de Bioética

  19. CRECIMIENTO ECONÓMICO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE EN MÉXICO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudia S. Gómez-López

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo hace un análisis de la relación entre crecimiento económico y medio ambiente para las 32 entidades federativas de la República Mexicana. La curva ambiental de Kuznets (CAK sugiere la existencia de una relación entre crecimiento económico y medio ambiente. A medida que las economías disfrutan un mayor crecimiento económico, se presenta una degradación ambiental y una vez que se alcanza cierto crecimiento, aumenta la disponibilidad a pagar por la conservación del medio ambiente. En el caso de la economía mexicana, al aplicar el análisis de convergencia por medio de datos de corte transversal y datos de panel, se encuentra que: i existe β convergencia en árboles plantados, áreas naturales protegidas, licencias ambientales y volumen de tratamiento de aguas en sus niveles per capita; ii no hay evidencia de σ-convergencia en las variables medio ambientales para los estados de la economía mexicana, excepto en áreas naturales protegidas, árboles plantados y licencias ambientales; iii no existe una relación entre crecimiento económico y aumento en el cuidado de las variables medioambientales, excepto para el volumen de recolección de basura y el volumen de aguas residuales; iv los resultados sugieren que el medio ambiente no está entre las prioridades de la economía mexicana de acuerdo con la hipótesis de la CAK.

  20. Evaluación de impacto ambiental y concentración parcelaria

    OpenAIRE

    Alenza García, José Francisco

    1999-01-01

    El autor analiza los siguientes puntos: la concentración parcelaria y su impacto ambiental; el Decreto Foral 237/1999, de 21 de junio, por el que se regula la evaluación de impacto ambiental en los procesos de concentración parcelaria; la necesidad de una ley foral de protección ambiental.

  1. Presenten l'Atles global de justícia ambiental

    OpenAIRE

    Martínez Alier, Joan

    2014-01-01

    Un equip internacional d'experts coordinat per investigadors de l'Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ICTA-UAB) ha presentat a la Delegació del Programa de les Nacions Unides per al Medi Ambient (Brussel·les) l'Atles Global de Justícia Ambiental, una plataforma interactiva de mapes que analitza la trajectòria de més d'un miler de conflictes ecològics i espais de resistència a nivell mundial. El projecte vol arribar a dos mil casos el 2015....

  2. Relationship between prostate-specific antigen levels and ambient temperature

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ohwaki, Kazuhiro; Endo, Fumiyasu; Hattori, Kazunori; Muraishi, Osamu

    2014-07-01

    We examined the association between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and daily mean ambient temperature on the day of the test in healthy men who had three annual checkups. We investigated 9,694 men who visited a hospital for routine health checkups in 2007, 2008, and 2009. Although the means and medians of ambient temperature for the three years were similar, the mode in 2008 (15.8 °C) was very different from those in 2007 and 2009 (22.4 °C and 23.2 °C). After controlling for age, body mass index, and hematocrit, a multiple regression analysis revealed a U-shaped relationship between ambient temperature and PSA in 2007 and 2009 ( P 2.5 ng/mL) by ambient temperature, with the lowest likelihood of having a high PSA at 17.8 °C in 2007 ( P = 0.038) and 15.5 °C in 2009 ( P = 0.033). When tested at 30 °C, there was a 57 % excess risk of having a high PSA in 2007 and a 61 % higher risk in 2009 compared with those at each nadir temperature. We found a U-shaped relationship between PSA and ambient temperature with the lowest level of PSA at 15-20 °C.

  3. Thirty years of progress in applications and modeling of ocean ambient noise

    Science.gov (United States)

    Siderius, Martin; Buckingham, Michael J.

    2012-11-01

    Ambient noise in the ocean is a stochastic process, which traditionally was considered to be a nuisance, since it reduced the detectability of sonar signals of interest. However, over the last thirty years, it has come to be recognized that the ambient noise itself contains useful information about the ocean and ocean processes. To extract the information, various inversion procedures have been developed, based upon which a number of practical applications of the ambient noise have evolved. Since naturally generated ambient noise is always present in the ocean, it has the advantage of being non-invasive and non-damaging to marine life, including marine mammals. In this article, a summary of the commonly encountered ambient noise models is offered, along with the associated inversion procedures, and some of the more recent applications of the ambient noise are highlighted.

  4. 6th International Symposium on Ambient Intelligence

    CERN Document Server

    Novais, Paulo; Pereira, António; González, Gabriel; Fernández-Caballero, Antonio

    2015-01-01

    This volume contains the proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Ambient Intelligence (ISAmI 2015), held in Salamanca, Spain on June 3th-5th at the University of Salamanca. After a careful review, 27 papers from 10 different countries were selected to be presented in ISAmI 2015 at the conference and published in the proceedings.  ISAmI has been running annually and aiming to bring together researchers from various disciplines that constitute the scientific field of Ambient Intelligence to present and discuss the latest results, new ideas, projects and lessons learned, namely in terms of software and applications, and aims to bring together researchers from various disciplines that are interested in all aspects of this area. Ambient Intelligence is a recent paradigm emerging from Artificial Intelligence, where computers are used as proactive tools assisting people with their day-to-day activities, making everyone’s life more comfortable. Another main concern of AmI originates from the human comput...

  5. Environment. Chapter 5; Medio ambiente. Capitulo 5

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Martin del Castillo, Carlos [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

    2009-07-01

    In this chapter it is mentioned the concern for the care of the environment in Mexico by prominent foreign and Mexican scientists who impelled the creation of a Forest Law. The ecological policies for the conservation of natural resources that cause a sustainable development in Mexico are commented; it is described what the environmental infrastructure consists of; the case of trash handling is analyzed and the Chapter concludes with the relationship of the environment, the climatic change, the infrastructure and the planning. [Spanish] En este capitulo se menciona la preocupacion por el cuidado del medio ambiente en Mexico, por prominentes cientificos extranjeros y mexicanos que impulsaron la creacion de una Ley Forestal. Se comentan las politicas ecologicas para la conservacion de recursos naturales que propicien un desarrollo sustentable en Mexico; se describe en que consiste la infraestructura ambiental; se analiza el caso del manejo de la basura y; se concluye con la relacion del medio ambiente, el cambio climatico, la infraestructura y la planeacion.

  6. El gasto público ambiental en Costa Rica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gerardo Barrantes

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available   En la actualidad, la sociedad se ha visto amenazada por los altos niveles de degradación ambiental experimentados en los últimos tiempos, y por el creciente agotamiento de los recursos naturales que han limitado la seguridad alimentaria en algunas regiones del país -y en algunos países del mundo- (FMI, 1996. La contaminación ambiental ha sobrepasado niveles críticos y se está revirtiendo en contra del mismo ser humano en términos de salud, disponibilidad de recursos y del disfrute que podía experimentar de la naturaleza (Brown, 1991.   El replanteamiento del estilo de desarrollo requiere la implementación de acciones alternativas que conduzcan a un mejoramiento de la calidad ambiental, a una recuperación de la base de recursos naturales y, en general, a niveles de calidad de la sociedad manifiesto en mejoras de la salud, educación, seguridad, etc. Para tal efecto, se pueden desarrollar un conjunto de indicadores que permitan evaluar el comportamiento y la evolución de los recursos naturales y la calidad ambiental; por ejemplo, indicadores para monitorear la calidad del aire y del agua.

  7. Auditoría Ambiental para productos lácteos San Pablito

    OpenAIRE

    Catucuago Toapanta, Luis Alberto

    2013-01-01

    Productos Lácteos San Pablito, se encuentra ubicada en la comunidad San Pablito de Agualongo, parroquia Tupigachi, cantón Pedro Moncayo en la parte norte de la provincia de Pichincha. Esta Auditoría Ambiental se centró en verificar el cumplimiento de la Legislación Ambiental y el Plan de Manejo Ambiental (PMA) propuesto en el Estudio de Impacto Ambiental (EsIA) del año 2011. La metodología del trabajo comprendió la planificación de la auditoría, visitas técnicas a la planta, evaluación del ma...

  8. Mapas de ruido: mecanismo de control del ruido ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kelvin Chávez García

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Los primeros mecanismos de control del ruido ambiental fueron los mapas acústicos. La Directiva Europea 2002149/CE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo de Evatuacián y Gestión del Ruido Ambiental, exige, a los estados miembros,  se midan los niveles de ruido, en su entorno local, con  el fin de contar con indicadores de ruido comunes. elaborar mapas de ruido y planes de acción destinados a reducir los efectos nocivos de ruido ambiental.  Las directrices para la elaboración de los  mapas  acústicos son en base a la normativa  Española sobre ruido. Los requerimientos  en base a la normativa, garantizan los resultados, lo cual permitirá elaborar los planes de acción. El estudio busca comunicar la necesidad de utilizar herramientas como  los  mapas  acústicos y ejercer un control de los  impactos por ruido ambiental.

  9. Biorregionalismo, ética e justiça ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Silvio Luiz Negrão

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Nesse artigo, retomo a argumentação de Gary Snyder, um libertário biorregionalista, e do socialista John Clark, verificando os limites e possibilidades de suas propostas na formulação de uma ética ambiental, à luz dos critérios estabelecidos por Kenneth Goodpaster (vida e por Tom Regan (valor inerente, para fundamentar uma ética genuinamente ambiental.

  10. Model checking biological systems described using ambient calculus

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Mardare, Radu Iulian; Priami, Corrado; Qualia, Paola

    2005-01-01

    Model checking biological systems described using ambient calculus. In Proc. of the second International Workshop on Computational Methods in Systems Biology (CMSB04), Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics 3082:85-103, Springer, 2005.......Model checking biological systems described using ambient calculus. In Proc. of the second International Workshop on Computational Methods in Systems Biology (CMSB04), Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics 3082:85-103, Springer, 2005....

  11. Selected physico-mechanical characteristics of cryogenic and ambient ground turmeric

    Science.gov (United States)

    Barnwal, Pradyuman; Mohite, Ashish M.; Singh, Krishna K.; Kumar, Pankaj

    2014-03-01

    In this communication, selected physicomechanical characteristics of ground turmeric (cv. Prabha) were investigated for cryogenic and ambient grinding conditions of turmeric at different moisture contents (4, 6, 8 and 10% w.b.). A cryogenic grinder (Model: 100 UPZ, Hosokawa Alpine, Germany) and a micro pulverizer (hammer mill) were used for cryogenic and ambient grinding, respectively. The ground turmeric was graded in three grades viz. Gr-I, Gr-II and Gr-III with a sieve shaker using BSS Nos. 40, 85 and pan, respectively. Tap densities for cryogenic and ambient ground turmeric decreased from 678.7 (Gr-I) to 546.7 kgm-3 (Gr-III) and from 642.3 (Gr-I) to 468.6 kgm-3 (Gr-III), respectively, with the moisture increase. The angle of repose for cryogenic and ambient ground turmeric increased linearly from 26.85 (Gr-I) to 34.0° (Gr-III) and from 23.10 (Gr-I) to 28.06° (Gr-III), respectively with the increase in moisture content. The static coefficient of friction was the highest on plywood surface followed by mild steel sheet and galvanized iron sheet. The cryoground samples were found better in colour. Thermal conductivity of cryo-ground samples was higher than that of ambient ground samples. These physico-mechanical characteristics of cryogenic and ambient ground turmeric will be helpful for packaging, handling, and storage.

  12. Índice ambiental de los gobiernos autónomos descentralizados provinciales del Ecuador

    OpenAIRE

    Vega-Ojeda, Yadira; Bravo-Benavides, Diana

    2015-01-01

    Esta investigación pretende generar un índice ambiental de los gobiernos autónomos descentralizados provinciales del Ecuador en 2013. La metodología se basa en la sistematización de componentes ambientales, para lo cual se han construido tres componentes (gasto en protección ambiental, gestión ambiental y comportamiento ambiental) basados en información proporcionada por la base de datos del Censo de Información Ambiental Económica en Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados Provin...

  13. FORMACIÓN DEL CIUDADANO AMBIENTAL A PARTIR DE HERRAMIENTAS EDUCATIVAS

    OpenAIRE

    Adriana Carolina Herrera López; Lenny Johana Villa Hurtado; Diego Mauricio Laverde Ruiz

    2015-01-01

    La educación ambiental se encuentra contemplada como una de las principales preocupaciones de la sociedad, esto se evidencia desde la legislación constitucional hasta en las normativas de las instituciones educativas y en diversos escenarios sociales. Es preciso establecer las relaciones entre la educación cívica y educación ambiental que provean herramientas prácticas para conciliar el comportamiento proambiental con la necesidad de intervenir positivamente en el medio ambiente. Este pro...

  14. The risk of melanoma associated with ambient summer ultraviolet radiation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pinault, Lauren; Bushnik, Tracey; Fioletov, Vitali; Peters, Cheryl E; King, Will D; Tjepkema, Michael

    2017-05-17

    Depletion of the ozone layer has meant that ambient ultraviolet radiation (UVR) has increased in recent decades. At the same time, the incidence of skin cancers, including melanoma, has risen. The relatively few large-scale studies that linked ambient UVR to melanoma found a trend toward rising incidence closer to the equator, where UVR estimates are highest. Similar research has not been conducted in Canada, where ambient UVR is generally lower than in countries further south. Modelled UVR data for the months of June through August during the 1980-to-1990 period were spatially linked in Geographic Information Systems to 2.4 million white members of the 1991 Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort and tracked for melanoma diagnosis over an 18-year period (1992 to 2009). Standard Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate melanoma risk associated with increases of ambient summer UVR, assigned by residence at baseline. Models were adjusted for age, sex and socioeconomic (SES) characteristics. Separate analyses by body site of melanoma were conducted. Effect modification of the association between ambient UVR and melanoma by sex, age, outdoor occupation and selected SES characteristics was evaluated. Differences of one standard deviation (446 J/m², or 7% of the mean) in average ambient summer UVR were associated with an increased hazard ratio (HR) for melanoma of 1.22 (95% CI: 1.19 to 1.25) when adjusting for sex, age and SES characteristics. The HR for melanoma in relative UVR (per 1 standard deviation) was larger for men (HR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.21 to 1.30) than for women (HR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.22). Ambient summer UVR is associated with a greater risk of melanoma among the white population, even in a country where most people live within a narrow latitudinal belt. A stronger association between melanoma and ambient UVR was evident among men and among people of lower SES.

  15. Ordenación minero-ambiental de los recursos minerales no metálicos y su influencia en el medio ambiente, sector noroeste de Guayaquil

    OpenAIRE

    Ladines Reyes, Lely; Carrion Mero, Paul Cesar

    2009-01-01

    La zona de estudio ubicada al noroeste de Guayaquil, es una gran fuente de recursos minerales no metálicos, utilizada para la fabricación de materiales de construcción, cuya explotación conlleva a un sin número de afecciones al ambiente. La Ordenación Minero-Ambiental, busca minimizar estas alteraciones, sin que cese la explotación mineral, de tal manera que zonifica el territorio de acuerdo a grados de prioridad, y zonas de protección ambiental. Este trabajo utilizó la metodología del ...

  16. Investigation of ambient temperature on the performance of GE-F5 gas turbine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ghazikhani, M.; Taffazoli, D.; Manshori, N.

    2002-01-01

    The role of ambient temperature in determining the performance of GE-F5 gas turbine is analysed by investigating the Shirvan gas turbine power plant 10 MW , 15 MW and 20 MW power output. These parameters have been brought as a function of ambient temperature. The results show when ambient temperature increases 1 deg C, The compressor pressure decreases about 20 k Pa, compressor outlet temperature increases about 1.13 deg C and exhaust temperature increases about 2.5 deg C. It is revealed that variations are due to decreasing the efficiency of compressor and less due to mass flow rate of air reduction as ambient temperature increases at constant power output. The results shows cycle efficiency reduces 3% with increasing 50 of ambient temperature, also the m increases as ambient temperature increase for constant turbine work. These are also because of reducing the compressor efficiency as ambient temperature increases

  17. Responsabilidad ambiental: factor creador de valor agregado en las organizaciones

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexa Senior

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la responsabilidad ambiental como oportunidad para crear valor en las organizaciones, en el entendido de que la misma permite cimentar las bases del desarrollo sustentable. Se considera igualmente la responsabilidad ambiental como elemento capaz de disminuir costos por riesgos y aumentar el "market share" a través de la innovación. Para lograr este objetivo se empleó la contrastación de teorías las cuales explican cómo la responsabilidad ambiental puede generar valor agregado en las organizaciones a partir de consideraciones tales como, ética ambiental, legitimidad y desarrollo sustentable. Se concluye que las empresas a través de sus esfuerzos socioambientales pueden obtener beneficios a la vez que mejoran su capital reputacional.

  18. Tipologia para a contabilidade ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nazlhe Faride Chein Schekaiban

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo revê a visão, as propostas e o desenvolvimento da contabilidade ambiental, refletindo sobre suas implicações, com a finalidade de descobrir e encontrar sua importância e situação. Para se chegar a esse resultado foi preciso realizar uma revisão epistemológica moldada e processo reflexivo de sustentabilidade e da aproximação ao usuário, da percepção da realidade contábil no México e da gerência interna das organizações. As conclusões mostram a contabilidade ambiental no México fora da re-alidade operativa do modelo contábil regional, aumentando a importância de se criar uma cultura capaz de examinar o controle da missão deste tipo de contabilidade.

  19. Determinantes da divulgação ambiental em companhias abertas holandesas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dion van de Burgwal

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Estudos anteriores relataram resultados variados sobre a relação entre a divulgação ambiental empresarial e o desempenho ambiental. O objetivo deste artigo é identificar variáveis que têm impacto significativo no nível das práticas de divulgação ambiental adotadas por companhias abertas holandesas. Para testar o nível de divulgação ambiental, utiliza-se um quadro de análise de conteúdo. Esse quadro, baseado nas diretrizes para a elaboração de relatórios de sustentabilidade do Global Reporting Initiative, foi desenvolvido por Clarkson, Li, Richardson, e Vasvari (2008 em colaboração com um especialista em divulgação ambiental. Este estudo é um dos primeiros a aplicar esse quadro abrangente, que pode ser útil para aqueles usuários que visam avaliar a verdadeira exposição ambiental de uma empresa. Além disso, não foram encontrados, na literatura, estudos que investigassem variáveis com impacto significativo nas práticas de divulgação das empresas holandesas. As informações ambientais referentes ao ano de 2008 foram coletadas de uma mostra de 28 companhias abertas holandesas, representando 90% da capitalização total do mercado na bolsa de valores holandesa e as variáveis selecionadas, que possivelmente afetam o nível /hyhde divulgação ambiental, são o tamanho da companhia, o setor industrial e a lucratividade. Os testes estatísticos comprovaram a existência de uma associação significativa e positiva entre o tamanho do setor e o nível de divulgação ambiental. Esse resultado está de acordo com pesquisas anteriores em que foram usadas outras medidas de divulgação ambiental. Porém, não foi observada associação estatisticamente significativa entre a lucratividade e o nível de divulgação ambiental. Isso pode ser devido ao impacto da crise financeira que começou em 2007/2008.

  20. MEIO AMBIENTE X ORGANIZAÇÕES: UMA DISCUSSÃO DOS EFEITOS CAUSADOS PELA ATUAÇÃO DAS ORGANIZAÇÕES DIANTE DA QUESTÃO AMBIENTAL [doi: 10.5329/RECADM.20050401004

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Myriam Angélica Dornelas

    2005-05-01

    Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 RESUMO De fato, toda atividade humana, principalmente de caráter empresarial, tem algum efeito ambiental. Os gestores tem se preocupado em adotar uma Gestão Ambiental visando reduzir e controlar os problemas introduzidos por um empreendimento sobre o meio ambiente. É sob esse prisma que se busca uma maior compreensão dos processos de adaptação das empresas às inovações que envolvem o ambiente organizacional, sobretudo aquelas relacionadas ao meio ambiente e à gestão ambiental. Portanto, pretende-se neste trabalho, verificar os efeitos causados pelas organizações nas questões ambientais, além de suas possíveis reações em virtude das alterações no meio em que se inserem. Neste sentido, o artigo será apresentado da seguinte forma: primeiramente discutir-se-á a relação do meio ambiente com as organizações, em seguida abordar-se-á a atuação das organizações diante da questão ambiental, para em seqüência tratar das conseqüências das mudanças para o mercado para, finalmente chegar às conclusões finais. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: ISO 14000, meio ambiente, organizações.    ABSTRAT In fact, all activity human being, mainly of enterprise character, has some ambient effect. The managers if have worried in adopting an Ambient Management aiming at to reduce and to control the problems introduced for an enterprise on the environment. It is under this prism that if searchs a bigger understanding of the processes of adaptation of the companies to the innovations that involve the organizational environment, over all those related to the environment and the ambient management. Therefore, it is intended in this work, to verify the effect caused for the organizations in the ambient questions, beyond its possible reactions in virtue of the alterations in the way where if they insert. In this direction, the article will be presented of the following form

  1. Mass Spectrometry Imaging under Ambient Conditions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wu, Chunping; Dill, Allison L.; Eberlin, Livia S.; Cooks, R. Graham; Ifa, Demian R.

    2012-01-01

    Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has emerged as an important tool in the last decade and it is beginning to show potential to provide new information in many fields owing to its unique ability to acquire molecularly specific images and to provide multiplexed information, without the need for labeling or staining. In MSI, the chemical identity of molecules present on a surface is investigated as a function of spatial distribution. In addition to now standard methods involving MSI in vacuum, recently developed ambient ionization techniques allow MSI to be performed under atmospheric pressure on untreated samples outside the mass spectrometer. Here we review recent developments and applications of MSI emphasizing the ambient ionization techniques of desorption electrospray ionization (DESI), laser ablation electrospray ionization (LAESI), probe electrospray ionization (PESI), desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization (DAPPI), femtosecond laser desorption ionization (fs-LDI), laser electrospray mass spectrometry (LEMS), infrared laser ablation metastable-induced chemical ionization (IR-LAMICI), liquid microjunction surface sampling probe mass spectrometry (LMJ-SSP MS), nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI), and plasma sources such as the low temperature plasma (LTP) probe and laser ablation coupled to flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow (LA-FAPA). Included are discussions of some of the features of ambient MSI including the ability to implement chemical reactions with the goal of providing high abundance ions characteristic of specific compounds of interest and the use of tandem mass spectrometry to either map the distribution of targeted molecules with high specificity or to provide additional MS information in the structural identification of compounds. We also describe the role of bioinformatics in acquiring and interpreting the chemical and spatial information obtained through MSI, especially in biological applications for tissue

  2. Significance and influence of the ambient temperature as a rate ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Unknown

    , undoubtedly is dependent even on the level of the ambient temperature. Therefore, the ambient temperature seems to be an important factor of the corrosion rate and the durability of the reinforced concrete structures in aggressive ...

  3. Comercio Internacional y Medio Ambiente en Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    Pérez Rincón, Mario Alejandro

    2006-01-01

    Consultable des del TDX A portada: Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Ambientales, Opción Economía Ecológica y Gestión Ambiental A portada: Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA) Títol obtingut de la portada digitalitzada Desde la perspectiva de la Economía Ecológica, el Comercio Internacional no es un juego de suma positiva donde todos los participantes resultan ganadores por el intercambio comercial, sino que es un juego de suma cero, donde hay beneficiados y perjudic...

  4. Territorios vulnerables e injusticia ambiental en Argentina

    OpenAIRE

    Miguel Lacabana; Clara Bressano

    2016-01-01

    Justicia ambiental es un concepto fructífero en tanto modificó la perspectiva clásica de análisis sobre el problema de la degradación ambiental al establecer como principal interrogante no tanto las "causas" que producen tal degradación sino que interroga el proceso político, económico y social que consolida la desigual distribución social de las cargas nocivas de la contaminación. El conurbano sur de Buenos Aires y dentro de este el Municipio de Quilmes condensan distintas situaciones se vul...

  5. No queremos medio ambiente, lo queremos completo

    OpenAIRE

    Hederich G., Federico

    2018-01-01

    Sí bien es evidente la relación Hombre Medio Ambiente, no todos tenemos clara la manera como interactuamos interrumpiendo el desarrollo armónico de esta relación.El primer punto que vamos a tratar pretende esclarecer el significado de dos palabras básicas cuando se trata el tema del medio ambiente, en primera instancia, el término «basura» que se define como inmundicia, estiércol, y luego analizaremos «desperdicio» que significa derroche, residuo.Sí analizamos profundamente estas dos palabras...

  6. TERCEIRO SETOR E MEIO AMBIENTE

    OpenAIRE

    MELO, MARINA FÉLIX DE

    2012-01-01

    Objetivamos discutir, brevemente, como têm se dado as discussões sobre o Terceiro Setor brasileiro e, particularmente, sobre as ONGs que atuam em defesa do meio ambiente, levantando questionamentos acerca das limitações enfrentadas pelo Terceiro Setor neste contexto

  7. Estate accounting as a public policy tool and its application in the Ottoman Empire in the 17th century

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cengiz Toraman

    2006-07-01

    -Había menores que debían ser protegidos legalmente. Este estudio pretende informar sobre la contabilidad sucesoria en el Imperio Otomano, presentando una muestra originaria del siglo XVII. En el Imperio Otomano, la contabilidad sucesoria y la liquidación de herencias servía para mantener el orden social, asegurando la pervivencia de las deudas cuando una de las partes fallecía, así como el debido pago a terceros con derecho a bienes pertenecientes al patrimonio objeto de la herencia.

  8. La importancia de Colombia en el desarrollo de la poesía hispanoamericana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Charles Lloyd Halliburton

    1964-01-01

    Full Text Available Se acaba de ver cómo algunos herederos del Modernismo, agotada la herencia, se pusieron a labrar nueva fortuna. Más jóvenes que ellos, y nacidos sin esa herencia, hubo otros poetas que se dedicaron a la nueva industria: la de la metáfora a toda ultranza, la de la metáfora ultraísta. Guillermo de Torre (España-Argentina, 1900 impuso la afortunada palabra "Ultraísmo" para calificar la literatura de vanguardia.

  9. Circadian Rhythm of Ambient Noise Off the Southeast Coast of India

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kannan, R.; Latha, G.; Prashanthi Devi, M.

    An ambient noise system consisting of a vertical linear hydrophone array was deployed in the shallow waters off Chennai, southeast coast of India from 1 August to 16 September 2013 to record ambient ocean noise of frequencies up to 10kHz. Biological sounds, which are broadband, short duration signals resulting from Terapon theraps, a native species, are a prominent feature of the ocean soundscape. Terapon activity peaks at 8pm and 11pm, and its presence is not observed after 12 midnight in both the months. In the other period, the ambient noise fluctuation is due to wind and vessel traffic. Hence, the present study focuses on the description of the ambient noise fluctuation over two 12h periods, i.e., 12 midnight-12 noon considered as period I, and 12 noon-12 midnight as period II in order to show the circadian rhythm of ambient noise. In this study area, Terapon vocalization reached 25dB above the ambient noise level and it dominates the short-term spectra records in the 0.4-4kHz range. All Terapon signals had daily patterns of sound production with highest levels of activity after dusk during the study period. The result shows that the circadian rhythm of ambient noise is mainly of biological sound generated by Terapon and it is reported first time in the shallow waters off the southeast coast of India.

  10. Different relationships between personal exposure and ambient concentration by particle size.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guak, Sooyoung; Lee, Kiyoung

    2018-04-06

    Ambient particulate matter (PM) concentrations at monitoring stations were often used as an indicator of population exposure to PM in epidemiological studies. The correlation between personal exposure and ambient concentrations of PM varied because of diverse time-activity patterns. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between personal exposure and ambient concentrations of PM 10 and PM 2.5 with minimal impact of time-activity pattern on personal exposure. Performance of the MicroPEM, v3.2 was evaluated by collocation with central ambient air monitors for PM 10 and PM 2.5 . A field technician repeatedly conducted measurement of 24 h personal exposures to PM 10 and PM 2.5 with a fixed time-activity pattern of office worker over 26 days in Seoul, Korea. The relationship between the MicroPEM and the ambient air monitor showed good linearity. Personal exposure and ambient concentrations of PM 2.5 were highly correlated with a fixed time-activity pattern compared with PM 10 . The finding implied a high infiltration rate of PM 2.5 and low infiltration rate of PM 10 . The relationship between personal exposure and ambient concentrations of PM 10 and PM 2.5 was different for high level episodes. In the Asian dust episode, staying indoors could reduce personal exposure to PM 10 . However, personal exposure to PM 2.5 could not be reduced by staying indoors during the fine dust advisory episode.

  11. Ambiente y salud: Reflexiones sobre la interacción entre el Derecho Ambiental y el Derecho de la Salud

    OpenAIRE

    Gastón Casaux

    2014-01-01

    Desde el punto de vista sanitario se entiende por Ambiente “el conjunto de condiciones físicas, químicas biológicas, psicológicas, sociales, culturales y económicas en las que vive una población y sus interacciones”.Asu vez, la Salud Pública ha identificado al ambiente como un determinante de la salud, concibiéndolo como el de mayor significación del proceso salud/enfermedad.Por ende, puede llegar a constituirse en un entorno peligroso o saludable.La salud admite entonces cuatro influencias d...

  12. Ambient Radon-222 Monitoring in Amargosa Valley, Nevada

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    L.H. Karr; J.J. Tappen; D. Shafer; K.J. Gray

    2008-01-01

    As part of a program to characterize and baseline selected environmental parameters in the region around the proposed repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, ambient radon-222 monitoring was conducted in the rural community of Amargosa Valley, the community closest to the proposed repository site. Passive integrating radon monitors and a continuous radon monitoring instrument were deployed adjacent to the Community Environmental Monitoring Program (CEMP) (http://www.cemp.dri.edu/index.html) station located in the Amargosa Valley Community Center near the library. The CEMP station provided real-time ambient gamma exposure and meteorological data used to correct the integrated radon measurements as well as verify meteorological data collected by the continuous radon monitoring instrument. Additionally, different types of environmental enclosures that housed the monitors and instrument were used to determine if particular designs influenced the ambient radon measurements

  13. The Utility of the Extended Images in Ambient Seismic Wavefield Migration

    Science.gov (United States)

    Girard, A. J.; Shragge, J. C.

    2015-12-01

    Active-source 3D seismic migration and migration velocity analysis (MVA) are robust and highly used methods for imaging Earth structure. One class of migration methods uses extended images constructed by incorporating spatial and/or temporal wavefield correlation lags to the imaging conditions. These extended images allow users to directly assess whether images focus better with different parameters, which leads to MVA techniques that are based on the tenets of adjoint-state theory. Under certain conditions (e.g., geographical, cultural or financial), however, active-source methods can prove impractical. Utilizing ambient seismic energy that naturally propagates through the Earth is an alternate method currently used in the scientific community. Thus, an open question is whether extended images are similarly useful for ambient seismic migration processing and verifying subsurface velocity models, and whether one can similarly apply adjoint-state methods to perform ambient migration velocity analysis (AMVA). Herein, we conduct a number of numerical experiments that construct extended images from ambient seismic recordings. We demonstrate that, similar to active-source methods, there is a sensitivity to velocity in ambient seismic recordings in the migrated extended image domain. In synthetic ambient imaging tests with varying degrees of error introduced to the velocity model, the extended images are sensitive to velocity model errors. To determine the extent of this sensitivity, we utilize acoustic wave-equation propagation and cross-correlation-based migration methods to image weak body-wave signals present in the recordings. Importantly, we have also observed scenarios where non-zero correlation lags show signal while zero-lags show none. This may be a valuable missing piece for ambient migration techniques that have yielded largely inconclusive results, and might be an important piece of information for performing AMVA from ambient seismic recordings.

  14. Impacto ambiental de una mina de mercurio abandonada

    OpenAIRE

    Álvarez Cuartas, María

    2016-01-01

    El objetivo principal de este Trabajo Fin de Máster es la evaluación del impacto ambiental de una explotación minera de mercurio en estado de abandono y de posible contaminación del medio ambiente. Una vez que se comprueba el elevado impacto debido al estado de abandono y a la alta contaminación, se ha elaborado una sencilla propuesta de restauración, barajado y comprando tres posibles alternativas.

  15. Risk related behaviour under different ambient scent conditions

    OpenAIRE

    Alina Gagarina; Indre Pikturniene

    2016-01-01

    The article analyses the effect of two ambient scents (peppermint and vanilla) and their intensiveness on risk related behaviour that is expressed through selected decision making heuristics. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to identify the relationship of ambient scent type and intensiveness with risk related behaviour that is expressed through selected decision making heuristics. Methodology/methods: 2×2 factorial experiment with control group was run. Ambi...

  16. Nanomaterials vs Ambient Ultrafine Particles

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Stone, Vicki; Miller, Mark R.; Clift, Martin J. D.

    2017-01-01

    BACKGROUND: A rich body of literature exists that has demonstrated adverse human health effects following exposure to ambient air particulate matter (PM), and there is strong support for an important role of ultrafine (nanosized) particles. At present, relatively few human health or epidemiology ...

  17. Ambient intelligence, ethics and privacy

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Hoof, van J.; Kort, H.S.M.; Markopoulos, P.; Soede, M.

    2007-01-01

    Networked and ubiquitous information and communication technologies (ICTs) and ambient intelligence are increasingly used in the home environment to facilitate independent living for older adults. These systems collect and disperse a high volume of personal data, which is used for assistance and

  18. Health Effects of Ambient Air Pollution in Developing Countries.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mannucci, Pier Mannuccio; Franchini, Massimo

    2017-09-12

    The deleterious effects of ambient air pollution on human health have been consistently documented by many epidemiologic studies worldwide, and it has been calculated that globally at least seven million deaths are annually attributable to the effects of air pollution. The major air pollutants emitted into the atmosphere by a number of natural processes and human activities include nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, and particulate matter. In addition to the poor ambient air quality, there is increasing evidence that indoor air pollution also poses a serious threat to human health, especially in low-income countries that still use biomass fuels as an energy resource. This review summarizes the current knowledge on ambient air pollution in financially deprived populations.

  19. High ambient contrast ratio OLED and QLED without a circular polarizer

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tan, Guanjun; Zhu, Ruidong; Luo, Zhenyue; Wu, Shin-Tson; Tsai, Yi-Shou; Lee, Kuo-Chang; Lee, Yuh-Zheng

    2016-01-01

    A high ambient contrast ratio display device using a transparent organic light emitting diode (OLED) or transparent quantum-dot light-emitting diode (QLED) with embedded multilayered structure and absorber is proposed and its performance is simulated. With the help of multilayered structure, the device structure allows almost all ambient light to get through the display device and be absorbed by the absorber. Because the reflected ambient light is greatly reduced, the ambient contrast ratio of the display system is improved significantly. Meanwhile, the multilayered structure helps to lower the effective refractive index, which in turn improves the out-coupling efficiency of the display system. Potential applications for sunlight readable flexible and rollable displays are emphasized. (paper)

  20. Los estudios de herencia cultural como una alternativa a la arqueología científica o a la patrimonialización de los dioses: del paradigma de la ruptura al de la continuidad

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wilhelm Londoño

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available En las últimas dos décadas varios arqueólogos han reflexionado sobre la problemática relación de la arqueología con la construcción de comunidades imaginadas nacionales. En estas reflexiones el balance ha señalado que la arqueología ha sido funcional a un proyecto nacionalista que ubicó la alteridad en una dimensión temporal distanciada del presente. En este sentido la se legitimó como una disciplina encargada de dar cuenta del pasado (ruptura. A pesar del peso que tiene esta imagen dentro del imaginario, cada vez más comunidades locales están reclamando, no sólo un papel más activo en esta maquinaria de representación  del pasado, sino controles más efectivos sobre los espacios donde se practica la arqueología. Estas peticiones han sido, en muchos casos, legitimadas por el reconocimiento sobre las maneras como el colonialismo impelió a las comunidades locales a desprenderse de prácticas rituales celebradas sobre espacios y objetos específicos (continuidad. Dentro de este escenario ha emergido un nuevo paradigma que busca no saber lo que  ocurrió en el pasado, sino los medios a través de los cuales se desplegaron dispositivos del olvido (efecto de  colonialismo. En este artículo se desea hablar de este campo que puede ser definido  como “estudios de herencia cultural”.

  1. Ambient fine particulate matter in China: Its negative impacts and possible countermeasures.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Qi, Zihan; Chen, Tingjia; Chen, Jiang; Qi, Xiaofei

    2018-03-01

    In recent decades, China has experienced rapid economic development accompanied by increasing concentrations of ambient PM 2.5 , particulate matter of less than 2.5 μm in diameter. PM 2.5 is now believed to be a carcinogen, causing higher lung cancer risks and generating losses to the economy and society. This meta-analysis evaluates the losses generated by ambient PM 2.5 in Suzhou from 2014 to 2016 and predicts losses at different concentrations. Estimations of total losses in Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Dalian, and Xiamen are also presented, with a total national loss in 2015. The authors then demonstrate that lowering ambient PM 2.5 concentrations would be a realistic way for China to reduce the evaluated social losses in the short term. Possible legal measures are listed for lowering ambient PM 2.5 concentrations. The present findings quantify the economic effects of ambient PM 2.5 due to the increased incidence rate and mortality rate of lung cancer. Lowering ambient PM 2.5 concentrations would be the most realistic way for China to reduce tghe evaluated social losses in the short term. Possible legal measures for lowering ambient PM 2.5 concentrations to reduce the total losses are identified.

  2. El deporte y la recreación como medios para la educación ambiental La experiencia de cátedra ambiental en la Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Duarte Bajaña Ricardo

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available La educación ambiental se fundamenta en tres áreas interrelacionadas entre sí que favorecen el desarrollo personal y social: construcción de identidades, desarrollo de la interacción humana y relación con los otros no humanos y con el ambiente físico. El propósito de esta experiencia es construir e implementar, en equipo, un proceso de educación ambiental básico para promover en los participantes la conciencia de una problemática ambiental y del posible papel de cada uno en la superación de la misma. El proceso de cátedra ambiental dentro de la Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, U.D.C.A., desarrolla cinco fases: 1. Aproximación conceptual donde se aborda una problemática ambiental y sus implicaciones vitales, y se identifica una institución que trabaje en el área que apoye el proceso. 2. Itinerarios ambientales donde se reconocen en la realidad de las problemáticas ambientales. 3. Construcciones correspondientes al diseño de actividades deportivas y recreativas adaptadas específicamente a las necesidades ambientales del contexto. 4. Desarrollo e implementación para promover la conciencia ambiental. 5. Retroalimentación consistente en la evaluación del proceso. Así, se han desarrollado cuatro proyectos de educación ambiental.

  3. Psicologia Ambiental e Política Ambiental: questões teóricas e práticas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ricardo Garcia Mira

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available O artigo indaga como contribuir para construir uma ponte entre os psicólogos ambientais e os políticos dado que os psicólogos ambientais estiveram mais preocupados com o desenvolvimento teórico e acadêmico da disciplina do que com conectar áreas aplicadas da Psicologia Ambiental ao mundo complexo da Política Ambiental Aponta que, embora as pontes variem quanto à escala, há outras suposições igualmente importantes a serem consideradas como o contexto democrático e participativo. Apresenta a comunicação uni-direcional versus a bi-direcional e discute o modo como a PA tem visto esta ponte. Finaliza propondo a PA como processo dentro de uma visão alternativa de participação.

  4. Spontaneous inferences on social media and their implications for ambient awareness

    OpenAIRE

    Levordashka, Ana

    2017-01-01

    Ambient awareness refers to the idea that social media users gain awareness of their online networks, while sifting through the stream of social updates spontaneously, without deliberate effort or intention. Since online networks are large and diverse, an efficient process like ambient awareness has important implications for how people can manage to maintain and profit from them (Donath, 2007; Resnick, 2001). Despite its growing popularity in social media research, ambient awareness had...

  5. Abstract Interpretation of Mobile Ambients

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hansen, René Rydhof; Jensen, J. G.; Nielson, Flemming

    1999-01-01

    We demonstrate that abstract interpretation is useful for analysing calculi of computation such as the ambient calculus (which is based on the p-calculus); more importantly, we show that the entire development can be expressed in a constraint-based formalism that is becoming exceedingly popular...

  6. Ambient intelligence : visualising the future

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Aarts, E.H.L.

    2005-01-01

    Ambient Intelligence systems are aimed at making user-system interaction and content consumption a truly positive experience. The endless search for nifty information visualisation mechanism to squeeze yet one more piece of information onto a visual display is surpassed by the challenge to embed

  7. The persuasiveness of ambient intelligence

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Aarts, E.H.L.; Markopoulos, P.; Ruyter, de B.E.R.; Petkovic, M.; Jonker, W.

    2007-01-01

    Ambient intelligence (AmI) is a novel concept for embedded computing that builds on the large-scale integration of electronic devices into peoples’ surroundings and the ubiquitous availability of digital information to the users of such environments. The concept however is not only concerned with

  8. Hybrid Logical Analyses of the Ambient Calculus

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bolander, Thomas; Hansen, René Rydhof

    2007-01-01

    In this paper, hybrid logic is used to formulate a rational reconstruction of a previously published control flow analysis for the mobile ambients calculus and we further show how a more precise flow-sensitive analysis, that takes the ordering of action sequences into account, can be formulated...... in a natural way. We show that hybrid logic is very well suited to express the semantic structure of the ambient calculus and how features of hybrid logic can be exploited to reduce the "administrative overhead" of the analysis specification and thus simplify it. Finally, we use HyLoTab, a fully automated...

  9. Visual attention for a desktop virtual environment with ambient scent

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexander eToet

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available In the current study participants explored a desktop virtual environment (VE representing a suburban neighborhood with signs of public disorder (neglect, vandalism and crime, while being exposed to either room air (control group, or subliminal levels of tar (unpleasant; typically associated with burned or waste material or freshly cut grass (pleasant; typically associated with natural or fresh material ambient odor. They reported all signs of disorder they noticed during their walk together with their associated emotional response. Based on recent evidence that odors reflexively direct visual attention to (either semantically or affectively congruent visual objects, we hypothesized that participants would notice more signs of disorder in the presence of ambient tar odor (since this odor may bias attention to unpleasant and negative features, and less signs of disorder in the presence of ambient grass odor (since this odor may bias visual attention towards the vegetation in the environment and away from the signs of disorder. Contrary to our expectations the results show that the presence of an ambient odor did not affect the participants’ visual attention for signs of disorder or their emotional response. We conclude that a closer affective, semantic or spatiotemporal link between the contents of a desktop VE and ambient scents may be required to effectively establish diagnostic associations that guide a user’s attention. In the absence of these direct links, ambient scent may be more diagnostic for the physical environment of the observer as a whole than for the particular items in that environment (or, in this case, items represented in the VE.

  10. 75 FR 81126 - Revisions to Lead Ambient Air Monitoring Requirements

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-12-27

    ... tons per year of lead is necessary to provide sufficient information about airborne lead levels near... Revisions to Lead Ambient Air Monitoring Requirements AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION...) that revised the primary and secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for lead and...

  11. Dioxinas y medio ambiente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Teresa Frejo Moya

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Con el término genérico dioxinas se designa al grupo de las dibenzo-p-dioxinas policloradas (PCDD y de los dibenzofuranos policlorados (PCDF, representantes típicos de los compuestos orgánicos persistentes (COPs. Se obtienen como productos secundarios no deseados de diversos procesos industriales en los que se emplea cloro en alguna de sus etapas. Las dioxinas han centrado en la última década una parte importante de la investigación médica en salud ambiental debido a su notable toxicidad, ya que son las sustancias químicas peligrosas más potentes creadas por el hombre, afectando al sistema nervioso e inmunitario, estando implicadas en la aparición de distintos tipos de cáncer y provocando la aparición de alteraciones hormonales, clasificándose actualmente como disruptores endocrinos. Por otra parte, su persistencia en el medio ambiente, resistencia a la degradación, bioacumulación y capacidad de transporte atmosférico entre las diversas fases medioambientales hace que sean considerados actualmente como compuestos peligrosos para el ser humano.

  12. Medio ambiente en Europa: retos para un desarrollo sostenible

    OpenAIRE

    Santa María Beneyto, María Jesús

    2000-01-01

    Ofrece una completa visión sobre el grave deterioro ambiental que sufre nuestro planeta, reconociendo la necesidad política medioambiental eficaz que permita conseguir una mejor protección de los ecosistemas y una base para el desarrollo sostenible, mostrando una especial atención a la situación del medio ambiente en la Unión Europea.

  13. EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: PESQUISA BIBLIOGRÁFICA UTILIZANDO PORTAL CAPES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eveline Pinheiro Beserra

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available La salud ambiental es un asunto importante que debe ser discutido, ya que se relaciona con el bienestar humano. El objetivo fue investigar la temática sobre salud ambiental en las disertaciones y tesis brasileñas. Se trata de una investigación bibliOgráfica realizada con ayuda de los resúmenes disponibles en la base de datos portal capes tesis, que utilizó como asunto para la búsqueda: Educación Ambiental, medio ambiente y residuos sólidos, en la cual se encontró un total de 60 producciones entre el período de 1999 a 2006. Se constató que hubo un crecimiento del número de producciones sobre esa temática, siendo el área de Ciencias Exactas y de la Tierra la más sensibilizada por el tema; sin embargo, los estudios fueron realizados en mayor cantidad en el máster, con la intención de conocer/diagnosticar la realidad. En relación a la implementación educativa, se observaron pocos estudios con ese objetivo. Se concluye, consecuentemente, que hay necesidad de elaborar investigaciones que conciban a la educación ambiental como foco de intervención.

  14. Designing for Persuasion: Toward Ambient Eco-Visualization for Awareness

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Tanyoung; Hong, Hwajung; Magerko, Brian

    When people are aware of their lifestyle's ecological consequences, they are more likely to adjust their behavior to reduce their impact. Persuasive design that provides feedback to users without interfering with their primary tasks can increases the awareness of neighboring problems. As a case study of design for persuasion, we designed two ambient displays as desktop widgets. Both represent a users' computer usage time, but in different visual styles. In this paper, we present the results of a comparative study of two ambient displays. We discuss the gradual progress of persuasion supported by the ambient displays and the differences in users' perception affected by the different visualization styles. Finally, Our empirical findings lead to a series of design implications for persuasive media.

  15. Educação estetico-ambiental e fenomenologia : problemas filosoficos da educação estetico-ambiental na modernidade

    OpenAIRE

    Ana Patricia Noguera de Echeverri

    1997-01-01

    Resumo: Educação estético-ambiental e fenomenologia : problemas filosóficos da Educação estético-ambiental na modernidade. Problema central.Influência do reducionismo cientificista na educação moderna a qual implicou numa concepção redutiva do mundo, visto somente como objeto de conhecimento racional, e do ser humano, visto só como sujeito racional. Este reducionismo influenciou uma concepção raciona lista da educação e da pedagogia e, a negação permanente na escola moderna de dois aspectos f...

  16. A Survey on Ambient Intelligence in Health Care.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Acampora, Giovanni; Cook, Diane J; Rashidi, Parisa; Vasilakos, Athanasios V

    2013-12-01

    Ambient Intelligence (AmI) is a new paradigm in information technology aimed at empowering people's capabilities by the means of digital environments that are sensitive, adaptive, and responsive to human needs, habits, gestures, and emotions. This futuristic vision of daily environment will enable innovative human-machine interactions characterized by pervasive, unobtrusive and anticipatory communications. Such innovative interaction paradigms make ambient intelligence technology a suitable candidate for developing various real life solutions, including in the health care domain. This survey will discuss the emergence of ambient intelligence (AmI) techniques in the health care domain, in order to provide the research community with the necessary background. We will examine the infrastructure and technology required for achieving the vision of ambient intelligence, such as smart environments and wearable medical devices. We will summarize of the state of the art artificial intelligence methodologies used for developing AmI system in the health care domain, including various learning techniques (for learning from user interaction), reasoning techniques (for reasoning about users' goals and intensions) and planning techniques (for planning activities and interactions). We will also discuss how AmI technology might support people affected by various physical or mental disabilities or chronic disease. Finally, we will point to some of the successful case studies in the area and we will look at the current and future challenges to draw upon the possible future research paths.

  17. Alfabetización ambiental en estudiantes de ingeniería de la universidad de sonora

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marco Alberto a La Torre Islas

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available La presente investigación muestra el nivel de alfabetización ambiental de los alumnos de la División de Ingeniería de la Universidad de Sonora en cuanto a las variables: actitud ambiental, conducta ambiental y conocimiento ambiental, derivados de la aplicación de un instrumento de investigación diseñado por el Centro de Educación Ambiental en Wisconsin (WCEE, E.U.A. de ingeniería es bajo (58.79%; mientras que el análisis por componentes ambientales, indica que el nivel de actitud ambiental fue de 71.76%; en cambio en conducta ambiental y conocimiento ambiental se obtuvieron valores promedio de 47.69% y 56.92% respectivamente. Asimismo, se muestra el análisis de los resultados por género.

  18. El genoma humano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    García Barreno, Pedro

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Not available

    El redescubrimiento de las leyes de Mendel sobre la herencia en las semanas que abrieron el siglo XX incitó una búsqueda científica para comprender la naturaleza y el contenido de la información genética que ha impulsado la biología durante los últimos cien años. El progreso científico conseguido se ha fraguado en cuatro fases que se corresponden, aproximadamente, con los cuatro cuartos del siglo XX. El primero estableció las bases celulares de la herencia: los cromosomas. El segundo definió las bases moleculares de la herencia: la doble hélice de ADN. El tercero descifró las bases informativas de la herencia con el descubrimiento de los mecanismos biológicos mediante los que la célula lee la información codificada en los genes; luego, con la invención de la tecnología del ADN recombinante de clonajey de secuenciación, los científicos pudieron hacer lo mismo. El último cuarto del siglo estuvo marcado por un lento pero constante esfuerzo para descifrar genes primero y, por fin, genomas enteros que han propiciado el desarrollo de la genómica. El día 26 de junio de 2000 se hacía público un «borrador de trabajo» de la secuencia del genoma humano. Las revistas Nature (vol 409, n.º 6822 y Science (vol 291, n.º 5507 dedicaban números especiales a la publicación de la secuencia en el mes de febrero de 2001 (el día 15 Nature y, al día siguiente, Science. «La humanidad ha recibido un gran regalo. La conclusión de la secuencia del genoma humano ofrece una herramienta poderosa para descifrar los secretos de nuestra herencia genética y para precisar nuestro lugar entre otros participantes en la aventura de la vida».

  19. Secondary organic aerosols: Formation potential and ambient data

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Barthelmie, R.J.; Pryor, S.C.

    1997-01-01

    Organic aerosols comprise a significant fraction of the total atmospheric particle loading and are associated with radiative forcing and health impacts. Ambient organic aerosol concentrations contain both a primary and secondary component. Herein, fractional aerosol coefficients (FAC) are used...... in conjunction with measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOC) to predict the formation potential of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in the Lower Fraser Valley (LEV) of British Columbia. The predicted concentrations of SOA show reasonable accord with ambient aerosol measurements and indicate considerable...

  20. Big Data, Smart Homes and Ambient Assisted Living

    OpenAIRE

    Vimarlund, V.; Wass, S.

    2014-01-01

    Objectives: To discuss how current research in the area of smart homes and ambient assisted living will be influenced by the use of big data. Methods: A scoping review of literature published in scientific journals and conference proceedings was performed, focusing on smart homes, ambient assisted living and big data over the years 2011-2014. Results: The health and social care market has lagged behind other markets when it comes to the introduction of innovative IT solutions and the market f...

  1. Educação ambiental e corporal: algumas reflexões

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dileno Dustan Lucas de Souza

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available The ambient education has been restricted to the speeches of the “green” or the sustainable one. On the other hand, the body is dealt like some specie ofmachine to be disciplined almost in state of confinement and silenciament. This perception leaded us to develope a research with interphase in the extension in a public school of basic education in the city of Viçosa (MG in intention to understand,on the inside of a school system, how isthe ambient education been treated and with that,to extend the capacity of reflection and awareness on the way that if lives and as the body reacts. The intention of this text is to socialize this experience from pedagogical practices around the ambient and corporal education. Metodologic we work with participant research in the educative environment inside and outside of the school. The activities of corporal and ambient conscience had been related with the corporal awareness , experimentations and reflections.

  2. Numerical study of ambient pressure for laser-induced bubble near a rigid boundary

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, BeiBei; Zhang, HongChao; Han, Bing; Lu, Jian

    2012-07-01

    The dynamics of the laser-induced bubble at different ambient pressures was numerically studied by Finite Volume Method (FVM). The velocity of the bubble wall, the liquid jet velocity at collapse, and the pressure of the water hammer while the liquid jet impacting onto the boundary are found to increase nonlinearly with increasing ambient pressure. The collapse time and the formation time of the liquid jet are found to decrease nonlinearly with increasing ambient pressure. The ratios of the jet formation time to the collapse time, and the displacement of the bubble center to the maximal radius while the jet formation stay invariant when ambient pressure changes. These ratios are independent of ambient pressure.

  3. Los problemas de la Educación Ambiental: ¿es posible una Educación Ambiental integradora?

    OpenAIRE

    García, J. Eduardo

    2002-01-01

    En este trabajo se presentan diferentes problemas y carencias de la Educación Ambiental. Para el tratamiento de estos problemas se plantea una perspectiva integradora que supere los reduccionismos actualmente existentes

  4. Análisis de la Ley de Fomento Ambiental y Optimización de los Ingresos del Estado: Impuesto Ambiental a la Contaminación Vehicular

    OpenAIRE

    Escobar Sanabria, Viviana Guadalupe

    2015-01-01

    El presente trabajo de investigación procura dar a conocer las causas y efectos de la contaminación ambiental en el desarrollo de nuestras actividades, así como, las medidas de protección ambiental y su conexión con el sistema tributario, fundamentando la teoría con las experiencias de los países europeos que implementaron a su tributación, imposición ambiental como instrumentos económicos, para limitar los efectos ambientales que producen los gases de efecto invernadero y al mismo tiempo con...

  5. Medio ambiente urbano en Huixquilucan, México

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yolanda Marín Origel

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo expone la hegemonía del desarrollo inmobiliario asociado al deterioro medio ambiental en el municipio de Huixquilucan. La perspectiva se construyó a partir de la revisión documental, trabajo de campo y la información obtenida de un foro en línea. Los resultados confirman que el desarrollo inmobiliario en zonas de reserva natural es el resultado de la inoperancia de la política de regulación del uso del suelo urbano, las inversiones pública y privada, la oferta de un grupo especializado de inmobiliarias y la demanda potencial de población con poder adquisitivo, y las condiciones biofísicas, la inestabilidad del terreno y la degradación medio ambiental se colocan como externalidades del modelo urbano privado de alta rentabilidad. Esta situación requiere de medidas de contención fundadas en principios de ordenamiento territorial y la participación de los distintos sectores sociales, que garanticen la transparencia y la aplicación de sanciones en materia de protección ecológica y ambiental, con el objeto de mantener en el largo plazo las condiciones de habitabilidad.

  6. Tres capítulos de salud pública (Partes 1, 2

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Héctor Acevedo Ardila

    1956-06-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo de medicina preventiva se divide en tres partes, las dos primeras aparecen en artículo y el otro aparece en el siguiente número de la revista. El primero puede concretarse en: el niño como material primario hacia el cual se aplica con prelación toda tentativa de atención y cuidado. La influencia de la herencia y la del ambiente sobre su desarrollo físico y psíquico. El segundo se relaciona con las enfermedades venéreas y su control. Destacándose la necesidad de contemplarlas aún como problema de Salud Pública, contra el cual se tienen recursos prácticos que es preciso conectar. La sola enunciación de tales recursos conocídos no resuelve el problema y el criterio foráneo que trata de reducir su importancia considerando resuelto el problema, es peligroso en nuestro ambiente. El tercero, destaca la importancia primordial de plantear y obtener soluciones al problema de escasés de personal  idóneo para ejercer las funciones de protección a la salud colectiva, proponiendo como mecanismo reformas en los programas de estudios de las escuelas de medicina y afines.

  7. Visual attention for a desktop virtual environment with ambient scent.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Toet, Alexander; van Schaik, Martin G

    2013-01-01

    In the current study participants explored a desktop virtual environment (VE) representing a suburban neighborhood with signs of public disorder (neglect, vandalism, and crime), while being exposed to either room air (control group), or subliminal levels of tar (unpleasant; typically associated with burned or waste material) or freshly cut grass (pleasant; typically associated with natural or fresh material) ambient odor. They reported all signs of disorder they noticed during their walk together with their associated emotional response. Based on recent evidence that odors reflexively direct visual attention to (either semantically or affectively) congruent visual objects, we hypothesized that participants would notice more signs of disorder in the presence of ambient tar odor (since this odor may bias attention to unpleasant and negative features), and less signs of disorder in the presence of ambient grass odor (since this odor may bias visual attention toward the vegetation in the environment and away from the signs of disorder). Contrary to our expectations the results provide no indication that the presence of an ambient odor affected the participants' visual attention for signs of disorder or their emotional response. However, the paradigm used in present study does not allow us to draw any conclusions in this respect. We conclude that a closer affective, semantic, or spatiotemporal link between the contents of a desktop VE and ambient scents may be required to effectively establish diagnostic associations that guide a user's attention. In the absence of these direct links, ambient scent may be more diagnostic for the physical environment of the observer as a whole than for the particular items in that environment (or, in this case, items represented in the VE).

  8. "Coeficientes de herencia, correlaciones, repetibilidad e índice de selección de rasgos reproductivos en porcinos"

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arango B. Humherto

    1989-12-01

    Full Text Available

    The number of pigs born and live weights at 1,21 and 56 days were analyzed in 480 litters (4265 pigs born in the Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario at Palmira during 1981 -1987. Repetibility, correlations and selection indexes were calculated for the 3 characters. Heritability (h2 values were estimated using a computer program developed by the first author. Significant differences were found for sex, year born; sire and lit1er size. Breed effect was significant only for birth weight. Estimated values of h2 were: a half sibs -weight: at birth 0.38,21 d =0.23; 56d = 0.41-litter size: at birthO.23; 21d=0.17; 56d=0.27. b Regression-weights: at birth 0.21; 21 d=O.33; 56d=0.23 - litter size: at birth 0.32; 21 d=0 .19; 56d =0.39. 'Genetic and phenotypic correlations ranged from low to medium. Repetibilities were high. Calculated selection index was: Index =0.34 Xl + 18X2. Where Xl = birth weight; X2 =56 days weight. Genetic advance, applying this index, could be 5 % and 342 % percent larger for birth weight and weaning weight respectively.

    Se analizo la información de la sección de porcinos del Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA, en Palmira, entre 1981 -1987, para 480 camadas (4265 lechones. Se calcularon los índices de herencia de las características número y peso de lechones al nacimiento 21 y 56 días, las correlaciones entre las variables y la repetibilidad. Se calculo un índice de selección basado en dos y tres carac1eres. Los cálculos de h2 se diseñaron con programas de  computación para los modelos existen1es. Igualmente se procedió con las otras variables. EI análisis de varianza mostro diferencias significativas para sexo de la cría, año de nacimiento a las tres edades (pn, p21 y p56 y para numero, tamaño de camada y semental en el peso a las tres edades. EI efecto de raza solo resulto significativo para el peso al nacimiento. Los valores calculados de las heredabilidades

  9. Investigation of Transmission Warming Technologies at Various Ambient Conditions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jehlik, Forrest; Iliev, Simeon; Wood, Eric; Gonder, Jeff

    2017-03-28

    This work details two approaches for evaluating transmission warming technology: experimental dynamometer testing and development of a simplified transmission efficiency model to quantify effects under varied real world ambient and driving conditions. Two vehicles were used for this investigation: a 2013 Ford Taurus and a 2011 Ford Fusion. The Taurus included a production transmission warming system and was tested over hot and cold ambient temperatures with the transmission warming system enabled and disabled. A robot driver was used to minimize driver variability and increase repeatability. Additionally the Fusion was tested cold and with the transmission pre-heated prior to completing the test cycles. These data were used to develop a simplified thermally responsive transmission model to estimate effects of transmission warming in real world conditions. For the Taurus, the fuel consumption variability within one standard deviation was shown to be under 0.5% for eight repeat Urban Dynamometer Driving Cycles (UDDS). These results were valid with the transmission warming system active or passive. Using the transmission warming system under 22 degrees C ambient temperature, fuel consumption reduction was shown to be 1.4%. For the Fusion, pre-warming the transmission reduced fuel consumption 2.5% for an urban drive cycle at -7 degrees C ambient temperature, with 1.5% of the 2.5% gain associated with the transmission, while consumption for the US06 test was shown to be reduced by 7% with 5.5% of the 7% gain associated with the transmission. It was found that engine warming due to conduction between the pre-heated transmission and the engine resulted in the remainder of the benefit. For +22 degrees C ambient tests, the pre-heated transmission was shown to reduce fuel consumption approximately 1% on an urban cycle, while no benefit was seen for the US06 cycle. The simplified modeling results showed gains in efficiency ranging from 0-1.5% depending on the ambient

  10. Gestão ambiental estratégica

    OpenAIRE

    Zacchi, Giancarlo Philippi

    2002-01-01

    Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio-Econômico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração. Investigação e caracterização da legislação ambiental, observando as possibilidades de utilização turística em unidades de conservação, caracterizando os aspectos técnicos de um sistema de gestão estratégico, identificando plano de manejo e propondo um roteiro de gestão sustentável, para implantação de um eficiente sistema de gestão ambiental para unidades de...

  11. Fosfatos de cálcio no ambiente

    OpenAIRE

    Monteiro, Arlindo João Teixeira

    2009-01-01

    A redução dos actuais níveis de poluição ambiental por elementos químicos vestigiais tais como arsénio e chumbo constitui um dos grandes desafios que a sociedade moderna tem que assumir e mobilizar recursos diversos para debelar este problema. A presença destes elementos químicos no ambiente em concentrações anormais é preocupante devido à sua possível biodisponibilidade. A sua imobilização vem sendo efectuada com recurso a diversas técnicas tais como precipitação, permuta iónica e adsorçã...

  12. Alfabetización ambiental en estudiantes de ingeniería de la universidad de sonora

    OpenAIRE

    Marco Alberto a La Torre Islas; Andrea Zavala Reyna; Juana Alvarado Ibarra.

    2014-01-01

    La presente investigación muestra el nivel de alfabetización ambiental de los alumnos de la División de Ingeniería de la Universidad de Sonora en cuanto a las variables: actitud ambiental, conducta ambiental y conocimiento ambiental, derivados de la aplicación de un instrumento de investigación diseñado por el Centro de Educación Ambiental en Wisconsin (WCEE), E.U.A. de ingeniería es bajo (58.79%); mientras que el análisis por componentes ambientales, indica que el nivel de actitud ambient...

  13. El compromiso ambiental universitario: un desafio curricular para trascender

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yamile Pedraza-Jiménez

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo desarrolla una revisión documental sobre la relación y discusión del concepto interdisciplinariedad y su aplicación en el campo ambiental. Pretende informar y complementar el conocimiento existente sobre el supuesto teórico de la interdiciplinariedad que demanda la inclusión de la dimensión ambiental en el contexto universitario indicando sus controversias, límites y posibles vías para abordarla como propuesta curricular. Finalmente, se realiza una discusión sobre el trascender de la interdisciplinariedad al diálogo de saberes como una propuesta política desde el contexto de América Latina, para contribuir a proyectar los fines misionales y el compromiso ambiental universitario.

  14. El estado actual de los ambientes del agua

    OpenAIRE

    Mateu Bellés, Joan F.; Camarasa Belmonte, Ana María

    2008-01-01

    Los ambientes del agua –recursos singulares por sus funciones en la naturaleza y por sus prestaciones y connotaciones para los grupos humanos- son un valioso patrimonio. En concreto, los lagos, los ríos y las masas marinas y subterráneas constituyen bienes territoriales que aportan diversidad ecológica, estructuran paisajes y, a menudo, son utilizados por los humanos para el desarrollo de sus actividades (Martín Montalvo, 1996). A lo largo del tiempo, los ambientes del agua no son estables e...

  15. Cyclospora cayetanensis: biología, distribución ambiental y transferencia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leonor Chacín-Bonilla

    2011-04-01

    Se tiene poca información sobre la distribución ambiental de C. cayetanensis y los vehículos de transmisión del ambiente a los humanos. El agua, los alimentos y los suelos contaminados pueden actuar como vehículos de diseminación del coccidio. Permanecen incertidumbres significativas sobre el parásito, que reflejan la necesidad de continuar los esfuerzos de investigación en diversas áreas, incluyendo su biología básica y distribución ambiental.

  16. ASPECTOS DA INTERAÇÃO CLIMA-AMBIENTE-SAÚDE HUMANA: DA RELAÇÃO SOCIEDADE-NATUREZA À (INSUSTENTABILIDADE AMBIENTAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco MENDONÇA

    2000-12-01

    Full Text Available O clima é um dos importantes elementos formadores do ambiente planetário. Os debates relativos à questão ambiental, notadamente após a década de 1960, têm evidenciado sua importância na análise ambiental, principalmente quando da ocorrência de catástrofes naturais – Natural Hazards. Os impactos do clima sobre a sociedade repercutem, dentre outros, na condição de saúde humana. Este campo de pesquisas – interação entre o clima e a saúde humana – volta a ser objeto de interesse dos geógrafos na atualidade. Aspects of the climate-environment-human health interaction: from nature-society relation to enviromental (un sustenability Abstract The climate is one of the importants planetary environment elements. The environmental question debates, notably after the sixties, has shown the importance to the environmental analysis, principally when the natural catastrophes – Natural Hazards – occure. The climate impacts over society has repercussion on the human health conditions, among others. This research field – interaction between climate and human health – has been rediscussed by the geographers nowadays.

  17. Frecuencia del alelo causante de la enfermedad de Charcot-Marie-Tooth (tipo axonal con herencia autosómica recesiva en Palmares, Costa Rica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Melissa Rojas-Araya

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available La enfermedad de Charcot-Marie-Tooth constituye elgrupo de neuropatías periféricas hereditarias más común a nivel mundial. Una familia con 18 afectados del cantón de Palmares (Alajuela, Costa Rica con una neuropatía de tipo axonal y herencia autosómica recesiva, permitió localizar el gen responsable en la región 19q13.33. Posteriormente se identificó la mutación causante en el gen MED25. El presente estudio determinó la frecuencia del alelo mutante, así como la distribución geográfica de este alelo. En una muestra al azar de 103 individuos se encontraron seis individuos heteroigotas para la mutación, distribuidos por todo el cantón. No se encontró ninguna persona en estado homocigota para este alelo. No hallamos algunacaracterística clínica que difiera significativamente entre los individuos homocigotos silvestres y los heterocigotos para la mutación. El 5.83% de la población es heterocigota y la frecuencia del alelo Ala335Val es de 0.029, seis veces mayor que en una muestra de toda la población costarricense. Por esta razón se recomienda un análisis molecular de portadores con el fin de alertar sobre la posibilidad de aparición de más casos en el cantón.Frecuency of the allele causing the axonal form of autosomal recessive Charcot-Marie-Tooth in Palmares, Costa Rica. The Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease constitutes is among the most frequent hereditary peripheral neuropathies world-wide. We identified a family from Palmares (Alajuela, Costa Rica with 18 affected members. Their neuropathy is axonal, with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance; the responsible gene is at the 19q13.33 chromosomal region. Later the mutation was identified in gene MED25. We studied the frequency and geographic distribution of the mutant allele. In a random sample of 103 individuals, six were heterozygote and were widely distributed in Palmares. There was no person in homozigote state for the mutant allele. Clinical characteristics do

  18. A Survey on Ambient Intelligence in Health Care

    Science.gov (United States)

    Acampora, Giovanni; Cook, Diane J.; Rashidi, Parisa; Vasilakos, Athanasios V.

    2013-01-01

    Ambient Intelligence (AmI) is a new paradigm in information technology aimed at empowering people’s capabilities by the means of digital environments that are sensitive, adaptive, and responsive to human needs, habits, gestures, and emotions. This futuristic vision of daily environment will enable innovative human-machine interactions characterized by pervasive, unobtrusive and anticipatory communications. Such innovative interaction paradigms make ambient intelligence technology a suitable candidate for developing various real life solutions, including in the health care domain. This survey will discuss the emergence of ambient intelligence (AmI) techniques in the health care domain, in order to provide the research community with the necessary background. We will examine the infrastructure and technology required for achieving the vision of ambient intelligence, such as smart environments and wearable medical devices. We will summarize of the state of the art artificial intelligence methodologies used for developing AmI system in the health care domain, including various learning techniques (for learning from user interaction), reasoning techniques (for reasoning about users’ goals and intensions) and planning techniques (for planning activities and interactions). We will also discuss how AmI technology might support people affected by various physical or mental disabilities or chronic disease. Finally, we will point to some of the successful case studies in the area and we will look at the current and future challenges to draw upon the possible future research paths. PMID:24431472

  19. How to correct the ambient temperature influence on the thermal response test results

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Borinaga-Treviño, Roque; Norambuena-Contreras, Jose; Castro-Fresno, Daniel

    2015-01-01

    Due to global warming and to the increasing energy demand, it is necessary to improve energy efficiency on buildings. In this context, Ground-Coupled Heat Pumps (GCHP) have proved to be the most efficient heating and cooling system. The main parameters to define a ground heat exchanger are obtained via an in situ test called Thermal Response Test (TRT). However, ambient air influence on this test is remarkable due to the exposition of the testing machine, and even the ground undisturbed temperature varies with the ambient temperature oscillations. Therefore, despite the fact that the influence of ambient conditions on the TRT results is an important topic in order to define a ground heat exchanger, there is yet a limited literature on new theoretical methods to correct the ambient temperature influence on the predicted ground thermal conductivity measured via TRT. This paper presents a new methodology to analyse and mitigate the influence of the ambient conditions on the TRT results, with the main advantage that it is not necessary to know its physical origin previously. The method is focused on reducing the mean fluid temperature oscillations caused by the ambient temperature, by analysing the influence of the chosen time interval to fit the data to the infinite line source theory formulae that finally predicts the ground thermal conductivity. With these purpose, results of two different TRTs were analysed, each of them with a different equipment and ambient exposition. Results using the proposed method showed that thermal conductivity oscillations were reduced in both tests. For the first test, the uncertainty associated to the chosen time interval for the estimation was diminished by 33%, reducing significantly its predicted value and thus avoiding the future installation possible under-designing. However, because of the equipment insulation improvements and the smoother ambient temperature variations, the method obtained similar results for the predicted

  20. Ambient urban Baltimore particulate-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in mice

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Walters, D.M.; Breysse, P.N.; Wills-Karp, M. [Childrens Hospital, Cincinnati, OH (United States). Medical Centre, Division of Immunobiology

    2001-10-15

    Airborne particulate matter (PM) is hypothesized to play a role in increases in asthma prevalence, although a causal relationship has yet to be established. To investigate the effects of real-world PM exposure on airway reactivity (AHR) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cellularity, mice were exposed to a single dose (0.5 mg/ mouse) of ambient PM, coal fly ash, or diesel PM. It was found that ambient PM exposure induced increases in AHR and BAL cellularity, whereas diesel PM induced significant increases in BAL cellularity, but not AHR. On the other hand, coal fly ash exposure did not elicit significant changes in either of these parameters. Ambient PM-induced temporal changes in AHR, BAL cells, and lung cytakine levels over a 2-wk period were then examined. Ambient PM-induced AHR was sustained over 7 d. The increase in AHR was preceded by dramatic increases in BAL eosinophils, whereas a decline in AHR was associated with increases in macrophages. It is concluded that ambient PM can induce asthmalike parameters in mice, suggesting that PM exposure may be an important factor in increases in asthma prevalence.

  1. LA FORMACIÓN AMBIENTAL PERMANENTE DEL DIRECTIVO EDUCACIONAL DEL SIGLO XXI

    OpenAIRE

    Mavel Moré Estupiñán

    2013-01-01

    La situación ambiental actual impone nuevos retos a los sistemas educativos, entre ellos el de incorporar la educación ambiental para el desarrollo sostenible al proceso pedagógico en los diferentes subsistemas de educación. Para lograr este propósito, es decisivo el rol del directivo educacional, desde la implementación del sistema de dirección institucional. Por ello, la formación ambiental de este profesional constituye un imperativo y se declara como problema científico de la presente inv...

  2. Mujer y medio ambiente en América Latina y el Caribe

    OpenAIRE

    Silva Ch., Paola; Alvarez, Susana; Cambría, Celeste; Sala, Mariella; de Ochoa, Regina; Corral, Thais; Olivera, Maria del Carmen; González, Nhelsyr; Solís, Vivienne; Rossato, Verónica; Pérez, Magdalena

    1991-01-01

    1. Mujer y medio ambiente en América Latina y el Caribe: los desafíos hacia el año 2.000. 2. Políticas de población vigentes en los países de América Latina y el Caribe. La mujer como protagonista del desarrollo sustentable. Política de población en Perú: la relación mujer y medio ambiente. Población, mujer y medio ambiente en Honduras. Medio ambiente y población: una visión crítica. 3. La mujer en el manejo de los recursos naturales y tecnologías apropiadas. Participación de la mujer campe...

  3. Desastre ecológico y ambiental en Huancavelica

    OpenAIRE

    Pinto Herrera, Honorio

    2014-01-01

    El trabajo trata de confirmar, una vez más, que la actividad minera en el Perú afecta los sistemas ecológicos y el medio ambiente. Esto es posible debido al poder de las empresas y a la debilidad y complicidad del Estado. En este sentido, uno de los objetivos de esta investigación es contribuir al conocimiento de un problema nacional, que es la contaminación ambiental a partir de un caso concreto: el derrame de relaves en la mina Caudalosa Chica. Los temas centrales desarrollados abarcan l...

  4. The DFKI Competence Center for Ambient Assisted Living

    Science.gov (United States)

    Frey, Jochen; Stahl, Christoph; Röfer, Thomas; Krieg-Brückner, Bernd; Alexandersson, Jan

    The DFKI Competence Center for Ambient Assisted Living (CCAAL) is a cross-project and cross-department virtual organization within the German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence coordinating and conducting research and development in the area of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL). Our demonstrators range from multimodal speech dialog systems to fully instrumented environments allowing the development of intelligent assistant systems, for instance an autonomous wheelchair, or the recognition and processing of everyday activities in a smart home. These innovative technologies are then tested, evaluated and demonstrated in DFKI's living labs.

  5. Ambient Response Analysis Modal Analysis for Large Structures

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Brincker, Rune; Andersen, Palle

    1999-01-01

    In this paper an outline is given of the basic ideas in ambient respons analysis, i.e. when modal analyses is performed on systems based on output only. Some of the most known techniques are briefly introduced, and the basic problems discussed. The introduced techniques are the frequency domain...... based peak-picking methods, the polyreference LSCE method, the stochastic subspace method for estimation of state space systems and the prediction error method for estimation of Auto-Regressive Moving Average Vector models. The techniques are illustrated on an example of ambient response measurments...

  6. La multidimensionalidad ambiental desde algunas comunidades afrocolombianas: algunas implicaciones para la gestión ambiental y las necesidades humanas fundamentales.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Contreras Arias Jenni Marcela

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available Este documento parte de una reflexión sobre el tipo de relaciones que algunas comunidades afrodescendientes del Pacífico colombiano han establecido con la naturaleza. De dicha reflexión, se deriva una tipología de diferentes dimensiones del sistema ambiental. Estas dimensiones tienen una estrecha relación con las necesidades humanas fundamentales y por tanto, se identificó un conjunto de objetivos de gestión ambiental que incorporan de una manera coherente las dimensiones propuestas y su aporte a la satisfacción de las necesidades humanas fundam entales.

  7. Clima Organizacional na Gerência de Controle Ambiental do Instituto Estadual de Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos GCA/IEMA

    OpenAIRE

    GARCIA, A. N.

    2015-01-01

    Este trabalho propõe uma análise do clima organizacional existente na Gerência de Controle Ambiental do Instituto Estadual de Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos GCA/IEMA, após um período caracterizado por inúmeras discussões a respeito de plano de carreiras e aumento salarial. Para fundamentar tal análise realizou-se a caracterização da cultura do IEMA junto aos colaboradores da instituição e a identificação de fatores relevantes à análise do clima organizacional junto aos colaboradores dos s...

  8. Ambient temperature affects postnatal litter size reduction in golden hamsters.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ohrnberger, Sarah A; Monclús, Raquel; Rödel, Heiko G; Valencak, Teresa G

    2016-01-01

    To better understand how different ambient temperatures during lactation affect survival of young, we studied patterns of losses of pups in golden hamsters ( Mesocricetus auratus ) at different ambient temperatures in the laboratory, mimicking temperature conditions in natural habitats. Golden hamsters produce large litters of more than 10 young but are also known to wean fewer pups at the end of lactation than they give birth to. We wanted to know whether temperature affects litter size reductions and whether the underlying causes of pup loss were related to maternal food (gross energy) intake and reproductive performance, such as litter growth. For that, we exposed lactating females to three different ambient temperatures and investigated associations with losses of offspring between birth and weaning. Overall, around one third of pups per litter disappeared, obviously consumed by the mother. Such litter size reductions were greatest at 30 °C, in particular during the intermediate postnatal period around peak lactation. Furthermore, litter size reductions were generally higher in larger litters. Maternal gross energy intake was highest at 5 °C suggesting that mothers were not limited by milk production and might have been able to raise a higher number of pups until weaning. This was further supported by the fact that the daily increases in litter mass as well as in the individual pup body masses, a proxy of mother's lactational performance, were lower at higher ambient temperatures. We suggest that ambient temperatures around the thermoneutral zone and beyond are preventing golden hamster females from producing milk at sufficient rates. Around two thirds of the pups per litter disappeared at high temperature conditions, and their early growth rates were significantly lower than at lower ambient temperatures. It is possible that these losses are due to an intrinsic physiological limitation (imposed by heat dissipation) compromising maternal energy intake and

  9. Ambient air quality observations in the Athabasca oil sands region

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1996-01-01

    Both Syncrude and Suncor have plans to develop new oil sands leases and to increase crude oil and bitumen recovery in the Athabasca oil sands region. In recognition of the effects that this will have on the environment, Suncor has proposed modifications to reduce SO 2 emissions to the atmosphere, while Syncrude plans to develop additional ambient air quality, sulphur deposition and biomonitoring programs. This report discussed the ambient air quality monitoring that was undertaken in the Fort McMurray-Fort McKay airshed. Twelve continuous ambient air quality stations and 76 passive monitoring stations are maintained in the region. Environment Canada maintains eight precipitation monitoring stations in northern Alberta and Saskatchewan. Source characterization, ambient air quality and meteorology observations, air quality monitoring, and air quality data from continuous sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, acid rain and particulates analyzers were reviewed. The documentation of all computer files used for the analysis of the air quality data is discussed in the Appendix. 47 refs., 39 tabs., 53 figs

  10. Resonance-enhanced laser-induced plasma spectroscopy: ambient gas effects

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lui, S.L.; Cheung, N.H.

    2003-01-01

    When performing laser-induced plasma spectroscopy for elemental analysis, the sensitivity could be significantly enhanced if the plume was resonantly rekindled by a dye laser pulse. The extent of the enhancement was found to depend on the ambient gas. Air, nitrogen, helium, argon and xenon at pressures ranging from vacuum to 1 bar were investigated. In vacuum, the analyte signal was boosted because of reduced cooling, but it soon decayed as the plume freely expanded. By choosing the right ambient gas at the right pressure, the expanding plume could be confined as well as thermally insulated to maximize the analyte signal. For instance, an ambient of 13 mbar xenon yielded a signal-to-noise ratio of 110. That ratio was 53 when the pellet was ablated in air, and decreased further to 5 if the dye laser was tuned off resonance

  11. Las cumbres ambientales internacionales y la educación ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Luisa Eschenhagen

    2007-11-01

    Full Text Available Las grandes cumbres ambientales son referencias importantes, tanto para la generación de políticas nacionales específicas como para lineamientos teóricos como p.ej., en la educación ambiental. Pero no siempre se encuentran análisis minuciosos sobre los contenidos y los contextos teóricos e históricos de las cumbres. El presente artículo pretende realizar una aproximación a este reto, especialmente para poder identificar mejor el surgimiento y los intereses que giran alrededor de la educación ambiental. Es dentro de este contexto que se exponen las diferentes definiciones de la educación ambiental que surgen de esas cumbres.

  12. On the role of ambient environments in the collapse of Bonnor-Ebert spheres

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kaminski, Erica; Frank, Adam; Carroll, Jonathan; Myers, Phil

    2014-01-01

    We consider the interaction between a marginally stable Bonnor-Ebert (BE) sphere and the surrounding ambient medium. In particular, we explore how the infall from an evolving ambient medium can trigger the collapse of the sphere using three-dimensional adaptive mesh refinement simulations. We find the resulting collapse dynamics to vary considerably with ambient density. In the highest ambient density cases, infalling material drives a strong compression wave into the cloud. It is the propagation of this wave through the cloud interior that triggers the subsequent collapse. For lower ambient densities, we find the main trigger of collapse to be a quasistatic adjustment of the BE sphere to gravitational settling of the ambient gas. In all cases, we find that the classic 'outside-in' collapse mode for super-critical BE spheres is recovered before a protostar (i.e., sink particle) forms. Our work supports scenarios in which BE dynamics naturally begins with either a compression wave or infall dominated phase, and only later assumes the usual outside-in collapse behavior.

  13. Health Effects of Ambient Air Pollution in Developing Countries

    OpenAIRE

    Mannucci, Pier Mannuccio; Franchini, Massimo

    2017-01-01

    The deleterious effects of ambient air pollution on human health have been consistently documented by many epidemiologic studies worldwide, and it has been calculated that globally at least seven million deaths are annually attributable to the effects of air pollution. The major air pollutants emitted into the atmosphere by a number of natural processes and human activities include nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, and particulate matter. In addition to the poor ambient air quality...

  14. La Necesidad de redefinir ambiente en el debate científico actual

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Inés Gazzano Santos

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Resumen En las últimas cuatro décadas el pensamiento ambiental ha generado una rica producción teórica, forzando la transformación del conjunto del pensamiento científico. Centrando las preocupaciones teóricas en las zonas de bordes disciplinares, conduce a la redefinición continua del objeto de la temática ambiental para orientar las intervenciones. Objeto que mutó desde la ingenua definición de medio ambiente, ambiente, sistema ambiental, sistema socioambiental, sistema complejo, integrando también aspectos operativos como: multiescalaridad, e interdisciplinariedad. Los esfuerzos teóricos, articulados con el desarrollo de aspectos prácticos permitieron avanzar en la capacidad de comprensión del “objeto ambiente” desde las perspectivas clásicas, construidas sobre los paradigmas de la modernidad, llegando en los últimos años a un punto de agotamiento. La búsqueda de la solución a este problema se ubica en el límite de superación del postulado dualista, intentando la unificación sociedad – naturaleza. Es desde esta identificación del problema, e intentando conectar los principales aportes teóricos generados en las discusiones más o menos difusas sobre ambiente, sistemas complejos y de la ciencia transdisciplinaria, que se propone una construcción conceptual de sistema ambiental, que posibilite su resignificación y una nueva autorreferencialidad, como condición necesaria para una nueva lectura, interpretación y acción en los territorios concretos.

  15. Gestão do conhecimento na educação ambiental: estudo de casos em programas de educação ambiental em universidades brasileiras

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Giovana Escrivão

    Full Text Available A importância da gestão do conhecimento para qualquer ambiente organizacional como uma estratégia de enfrentamento à instabilidade atual é amplamente reconhecida, apesar disso, pouco se sabe sobre a criação do conhecimento organizacional. Diversos são os contextos em que a gestão do conhecimento pode ser aplicada proporcionando a geração de novos conhecimentos, sendo um deles a educação ambiental, diante da crescente degradação ambiental. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é analisar e descrever o processo de criação do conhecimento em programas de educação ambiental. A pesquisa tem natureza qualitativa e caráter descritivo e pode ser definida como estudo de casos, pois foi realizado um estudo aprofundado das características dos programas de educação ambiental em duas das principais universidades brasileiras. Os métodos utilizados para coletar e analisar os dados foram a entrevista e a análise de conteúdo. Ao final da pesquisa pôde-se sugerir práticas aos programas de educação ambiental que podem proporcionar a gestão e estimular a criação de novos conhecimentos, como por exemplo, substituir as equipes, que são atualmente homogêneas, por equipes heterogêneas para que diferentes contextos, experiências e conhecimentos sejam compartilhados. No que diz respeito a teoria da criação de conhecimento, os casos estudados possibilitaram a identificação de observações sobre alguns pressupostas desta teoria, como por exemplo, a alta rotatividade dos alunos e a estabilidade garantida dos funcionários influem sobre o comprometimento destes com a criação de conhecimento.

  16. Ambient noise adjoint tomography for a linear array in North China

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, C.; Yao, H.; Liu, Q.; Yuan, Y. O.; Zhang, P.; Feng, J.; Fang, L.

    2017-12-01

    Ambient noise tomography based on dispersion data and ray theory has been widely utilized for imaging crustal structures. In order to improve the inversion accuracy, ambient noise tomography based on the 3D adjoint approach or full waveform inversion has been developed recently, however, the computational cost is tremendous. In this study we present 2D ambient noise adjoint tomography for a linear array in north China with significant computational efficiency compared to 3D ambient noise adjoint tomography. During the preprocessing, we first convert the observed data in 3D media, i.e., surface-wave empirical Green's functions (EGFs) from ambient noise cross-correlation, to the reconstructed EGFs in 2D media using a 3D/2D transformation scheme. Different from the conventional steps of measuring phase dispersion, the 2D adjoint tomography refines 2D shear wave speeds along the profile directly from the reconstructed Rayleigh wave EGFs in the period band 6-35s. With the 2D initial model extracted from the 3D model from traditional ambient noise tomography, adjoint tomography updates the model by minimizing the frequency-dependent Rayleigh wave traveltime misfits between the reconstructed EGFs and synthetic Green function (SGFs) in 2D media generated by the spectral-element method (SEM), with a preconditioned conjugate gradient method. The multitaper traveltime difference measurement is applied in four period bands during the inversion: 20-35s, 15-30s, 10-20s and 6-15s. The recovered model shows more detailed crustal structures with pronounced low velocity anomaly in the mid-lower crust beneath the junction of Taihang Mountains and Yin-Yan Mountains compared with the initial model. This low velocity structure may imply the possible intense crust-mantle interactions, probably associated with the magmatic underplating during the Mesozoic to Cenozoic evolution of the region. To our knowledge, it's first time that ambient noise adjoint tomography is implemented in 2D media

  17. Ambient Seismic Noise Interferometry on the Island of Hawai`i

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ballmer, Silke

    Ambient seismic noise interferometry has been successfully applied in a variety of tectonic settings to gain information about the subsurface. As a passive seismic technique, it extracts the coherent part of ambient seismic noise in-between pairs of seismic receivers. Measurements of subtle temporal changes in seismic velocities, and high-resolution tomographic imaging are then possible - two applications of particular interest for volcano monitoring. Promising results from other volcanic settings motivate its application in Hawai'i, with this work being the first to explore its potential. The dataset used for this purpose was recorded by the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory's permanent seismic network on the Island of Hawai'i. It spans 2.5 years from 5/2007 to 12/2009 and covers two distinct sources of volcanic tremor. After applying standard processing for ambient seismic noise interferometry, we find that volcanic tremor strongly affects the extracted noise information not only close to the tremor source, but unexpectedly, throughout the island-wide network. Besides demonstrating how this long-range observability of volcanic tremor can be used to monitor volcanic activity in the absence of a dense seismic array, our results suggest that care must be taken when applying ambient seismic noise interferometry in volcanic settings. In a second step, we thus exclude days that show signs of volcanic tremor, reducing the dataset to three months, and perform ambient seismic noise tomography. The resulting two-dimensional Rayleigh wave group velocity maps for 0.1 - 0.9 Hz compare very well with images from previous travel time tomography, both, for the main volcanic structures at low frequencies as well as for smaller features at mid-to-high frequencies - a remarkable observation for the temporally truncated dataset. These robust results suggest that ambient seismic noise tomography in Hawai'i is suitable 1) to provide a three-dimensional S-wave model for the volcanoes and 2

  18. RadNet (Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System)

    Data.gov (United States)

    U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — RadNet, formerly Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System (ERAMS), is a national network of monitoring stations that regularly collect air, precipitation,...

  19. MUSGOS COMO BIOINDICADORES DE METAIS PESADOS NO AMBIENTE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eliane Ferreira de SOUZA

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Recentemente, inúmeras pesquisas envolvendo degradação ambiental oriunda das poluições atmosférica, terrestre e aquática, tem como foco o uso de animais ou vegetais, que apresentem respostas no sentido de controlar e indicar o nível de deterioração nos ambientes afetados por ações antrópicas. Dentre os organismos indicadores denominados biomonitores, estão os musgos do Filo Bryophyta responsáveis por respostas significativas frente aos impactos gerados pelo descarte indevido de substâncias, que contêm em sua composição metais pesados. Os metais pesados são considerados um dos principais poluentes que afetam os recursos naturais. Geralmente, os mesmos são oriundos de técnicas agrícolas ou mecanismos urbanos que produzem resíduos. Nesta linha, o presente estudo de revisão visa relacionar, principalmente, os efeitos da poluição dos recursos naturais a partir do uso de musgos como bioindicadores de traços metálicos no ambiente.

  20. Responsabilidad ambiental empresarial: el caso de "Hotelera Posadas"

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elva Esther Vargas Martínez

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Frente a los altos niveles de deterioro de la naturaleza, las organizaciones públicas y privadas han configurado una serie de acciones tendientes a la conservación del entorno, las cuales, en su conjunto, son denominadas gestión ambiental, cuyo propósito de implementación ha llegado a diferentes ámbitos incluyendo el turismo. El artículo expone a través de un estudio de caso cómo la Hotelera Posadas ha asumido su responsabilidad ambiental obedeciendo a dos intenciones: el compromiso empresarial que se tiene como la hotelera con más presencia en la República Mexicana y el hacer uso de la oportunidad invaluable para mejorar su posición competitiva ante la percepción pública, al reportar resultados ambientales; todo ello, en un marco de cooperación entre empresa y gobierno en donde la participación de la operadora hotelera en el Programa Nacional de Auditoría Ambiental se reconoce como una contribución al logro de la sustentabilidad.

  1. DISCURSO DA CRISE AMBIENTAL NA MÍDIA IMPRESSA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bárbara Hees Garré

    Full Text Available Resumo: O artigo problematiza o discurso de crise ambiental na atualidade. A partir de algumas ferramentas da análise do discurso foucaultiana, discute-se um dos enunciados que compõe o discurso aqui investigado: o “Terror e medo pela perda do Planeta”. O estudo toma como corpus discursivo a revista Veja, especialmente reportagens produzidas a partir de 2001, em que enunciações ocupadas por terror e medo se tornam evidentes na mídia em análise. Discussões acerca do medo em Zigmunt Bauman, biopoder/biopolítica em Michel Foucault e cultura a partir de estudiosos do campo da Educação Ambiental são tomados como aportes teóricos desse estudo. Nas reportagens em evidência, há um forte chamamento para riscos e perigos quanto à continuidade de vida na Terra atrelado ao convite para que participemos da grande campanha mundial. Pensarmos possibilidades de enfrentar medos líquidos modernos, produzindo outros modos de nos relacionarmos com o ambiente, é um dos desafios dessa pesquisa.

  2. Nonsymbolic Gestural Interaction for Ambient Intelligence

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Rehm, Matthias

    2010-01-01

    the addressee with subtle clues about personality or cultural background. Gestures are an extremly rich source of communication-specific and contextual information for interactions in ambient intelligence environments. This chapter reviews the semantic layers of gestural interaction, focusing on the layer...

  3. Nociones psicosociales para la intervención y la gestión ambiental

    OpenAIRE

    Moreno, Emília; Pol, Enric

    1999-01-01

    A partir de los conceptos de intervención y gestión ambiental y de algunos de sus instrumentos más prototípicos (análisis del ciclo de vida, auditoría ambiental, evaluación del impacto ambiental, Agenda 21 local, etc.), los autores ofrecen el posicionamiento conceptual y teórico que consideran idóneo y necesario para abordar la dimensión humana y social de la intervención y la gestión ambiental. El desarrollo sostenible, el bienestar social y la calidad de vida, la salud, la comunidad, la apr...

  4. The concentrations of ambient Burkholderia pseudomallei during typhoon season in endemic area of melioidosis in Taiwan.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ya-Lei Chen

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Melioidosis is a severe bacterial infection caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei with a high case-fatality rate. Epidemiological and animal studies show the possibility of inhalation transmission. However, no B. pseudomallei concentrations in ambient air have been researched. Here, we developed a method to quantify ambient B. pseudomallei and then measured concentrations of ambient B. pseudomallei during the typhoon season and the non-typhoon season to determine the factors influencing ambient B. pseudomallei levels. METHODS: We quantified ambient B. pseudomallei by using a filter/real-time qPCR method in the Zoynan Region in Kaohsiung, southern Taiwan. Twenty-four hour samples were collected at a sampling rate of 20 L/min every day from June 11 to December 21, 2012 including during the typhoon season (June to September and reference season (October to December. RESULTS: We successfully developed a filtration/real-time qPCR method to quantify ambient B. pseudomallei. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing concentrations of ambient B. pseudomallei. Ambient B. pseudomallei were only detected during the typhoon season when compared to the reference season. For the typhoons affecting the Zoynan Region, the positive rates of ambient B. pseudomallei were very high at 80% to 100%. During June to December, rainfall was positively correlated with ambient B. pseudomallei with a statistical significance. Sediment at a nearby pond significantly influenced the concentration of ambient B. pseudomallei. During the typhoon month, the typhoon was positively correlated with ambient B. pseudomallei whereas wind speed was reversely correlated with ambient B. pseudomallei. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest the possibility of transmission of B. pseudomallei via inhalation during the typhoon season.

  5. The concentrations of ambient Burkholderia pseudomallei during typhoon season in endemic area of melioidosis in Taiwan.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Ya-Lei; Yen, Yu-Chuan; Yang, Chun-Yuh; Lee, Min Sheng; Ho, Chi-Kung; Mena, Kristina D; Wang, Peng-Yau; Chen, Pei-Shih

    2014-01-01

    Melioidosis is a severe bacterial infection caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei with a high case-fatality rate. Epidemiological and animal studies show the possibility of inhalation transmission. However, no B. pseudomallei concentrations in ambient air have been researched. Here, we developed a method to quantify ambient B. pseudomallei and then measured concentrations of ambient B. pseudomallei during the typhoon season and the non-typhoon season to determine the factors influencing ambient B. pseudomallei levels. We quantified ambient B. pseudomallei by using a filter/real-time qPCR method in the Zoynan Region in Kaohsiung, southern Taiwan. Twenty-four hour samples were collected at a sampling rate of 20 L/min every day from June 11 to December 21, 2012 including during the typhoon season (June to September) and reference season (October to December). We successfully developed a filtration/real-time qPCR method to quantify ambient B. pseudomallei. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing concentrations of ambient B. pseudomallei. Ambient B. pseudomallei were only detected during the typhoon season when compared to the reference season. For the typhoons affecting the Zoynan Region, the positive rates of ambient B. pseudomallei were very high at 80% to 100%. During June to December, rainfall was positively correlated with ambient B. pseudomallei with a statistical significance. Sediment at a nearby pond significantly influenced the concentration of ambient B. pseudomallei. During the typhoon month, the typhoon was positively correlated with ambient B. pseudomallei whereas wind speed was reversely correlated with ambient B. pseudomallei. Our data suggest the possibility of transmission of B. pseudomallei via inhalation during the typhoon season.

  6. Ambient air pollution and low birth weight - are some women more vulnerable than others?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Westergaard, Nadja; Gehring, Ulrike; Slama, Rémy; Pedersen, Marie

    2017-07-01

    Ambient air pollution is controllable, and it is one of the greatest environmental threats to human health. Studies conducted worldwide have provided evidence that maternal exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy enhances the risk of low birth weight at term (TLBW, air pollution. The aim of this commentary is to review the published literature on the association between ambient air pollution and TLBW regarding increased vulnerability for the above-mentioned subgroups. Although more than fifty epidemiological studies have examined the associations between ambient air pollution and TLBW to date, we only identified six studies that examined the potential effect modification of the association between ambient air pollution and TLBW by the above listed maternal risk factors. Two studies assessed effect modification caused by smoking on the association between ambient air pollution and TLBW. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for TLBW associated with exposure to ambient air pollution were in one study higher among women who smoked during pregnancy, as compared to the OR of non-smoking women, while in the other study the association was in the opposite direction. The association of ambient air pollution and TLBW were higher among women characterized by extreme BMI (two studies) and low SES compared to non-obese women or women of higher SES (four studies), respectively. Only one study reported the estimated effects among asthmatic and non-asthmatic women and no statistically significant effect modification was evident for the risk of TLBW associated with ambient air pollution. The current epidemiologic evidence is scarce, but suggests that pregnant women who are smoking, being underweight, overweight/obese or having lower SES are a vulnerable subpopulation when exposed to ambient air pollution, with and increased risk of having a child with TLBW. The limited evidence precludes for definitive conclusions and further studies are recommended. Copyright © 2017. Published

  7. Property Rights, Inheritance by Wives and Gender Equality: Brazil and Hispanic America in Comparative Perspective

    OpenAIRE

    DEERE, CARMEN DIANA; LEÓN, MAGDALENA

    2001-01-01

    En América Latina durante el curso del siglo XX se lograron considerables avances para fortalecer los derechos de propiedad de la mujer casada. Sin embargo, se ha prestado atención limitada a los derechos de herencia de las esposas. La revisión de las normas legales en doce países permite argumentar que las viudas están a menudo en una posición de desventaja en comparación con las hijas/os de la pareja. Las normas sobre herencia no fueron diseñadas para dar a las viudas la posibilidad de auto...

  8. Saúde ambiental : a articulação entre saúde e ambiente na política de saúde ambiental como estratégia de governo da população

    OpenAIRE

    Doris Soares Blessmann

    2010-01-01

    Esta dissertação apresenta uma discussão acerca de como uma política pública de saúde opera para a regulação de riscos ambientais que incidem sobre a população. Para tanto, examinei formulações inseridas na Política Nacional de Saúde Ambiental (PNSA) e da Vigilância Ambiental em Saúde (VAS). Ancorada nos pressupostos de Foucault, realizo dois movimentos de pesquisa. Numa perspectiva histórica, analiso as políticas mundiais e brasileiras implicadas na construção da VAS e da PNSA. Examino, a se...

  9. LA DIMENSIÓN AMBIENTAL EN LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA INGENIERÍA INDUSTRIAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yolanda Arrón Mandilego

    2003-04-01

    Full Text Available

    La protección y conservación del medio ambiente es uno de los retos más importantes de la actualidad al que la humanidad ya ha comenzado a hacer frente. Cuba no ha estado ajena a esta problemática y ha trazado diversas estrategias, pero la de mayor repercusión es la de educación y divulgación ambiental.Sensibilidad ambiental, adquisición de conocimientos, aptitud para la resolución de problemas, formación de valores y participación en actividades de protección y mejora del medio ambiente son los elementos fundamentales en torno a los que se pretende vertebrar la educación ambiental, siendo reconocida la escuela como ámbito de fundamental importancia para su desarrollo. Como parte de la estrategia y debido al perfil del ingeniero industrial se da la necesidad de la introducción de la dimensión ambiental en el plan de estudio de ingeniería industrial, mediante un enfoque interdisciplinario y transdisciplinario, propiciando en los estudiantes el desarrollo de un pensamiento analítico que permita la formación de una visión sistemática e integral del medio ambiente.

  10. A logical approach to security in the context of Ambient Calculus

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Mardare, Radu Iulian; Priami, Corrado

    2004-01-01

    A logical approach to security in the context of Ambient Calculus. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, N 99:3-29, 2004......A logical approach to security in the context of Ambient Calculus. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, N 99:3-29, 2004...

  11. Ambient air pollution and low birthweight: a European cohort study (ESCAPE)

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Pedersen, Marie; Giorgis-Allemand, Lise; Bernard, Claire; Aguilera, Inmaculada; Andersen, Anne-Marie Nybo; Ballester, Ferran; Beelen, Rob M. J.; Chatzi, Leda; Cirach, Marta; Danileviciute, Asta; Dedele, Audrius; Eijsden, Manon van; Estarlich, Marisa; Fernández-Somoano, Ana; Fernández, Mariana F.; Forastiere, Francesco; Gehring, Ulrike; Grazuleviciene, Regina; Gruzieva, Olena; Heude, Barbara; Hoek, Gerard; de Hoogh, Kees; van den Hooven, Edith H.; Håberg, Siri E.; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Klümper, Claudia; Korek, Michal; Krämer, Ursula; Lerchundi, Aitana; Lepeule, Johanna; Nafstad, Per; Nystad, Wenche; Patelarou, Evridiki; Porta, Daniela; Postma, Dirkje; Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole; Rudnai, Peter; Sunyer, Jordi; Stephanou, Euripides; Sørensen, Mette; Thiering, Elisabeth; Tuffnell, Derek; Varró, Mihály J.; Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M.; Wijga, Alet; Wilhelm, Michael; Wright, John; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.; Pershagen, Göran; Brunekreef, Bert; Kogevinas, Manolis; Slama, Rémy

    2013-01-01

    Background Ambient air pollution has been associated with restricted fetal growth, which is linked with adverse respiratory health in childhood. We assessed the effect of maternal exposure to low concentrations of ambient air pollution on birthweight. Methods We pooled data from 14 population-based

  12. Educación Ambiental asociada a la formación Ciudadana

    OpenAIRE

    Daza Franco, Astrid Liliana; Cabrales Salazar, Omar

    2017-01-01

    181 páginas : gráficos, tablas. La presente investigación se formuló como objetivo general: el diseño de una propuesta pedagógica en educación ambiental que contribuya a la formación ciudadana del estudiante, la cual está enfocada en la comprensión del concepto “educación ambiental asociada a la formación ciudadana”, cuyo desarrollo se concibió desde una institución educativa oficial del municipio de Sopó, a modo de respuesta frente a la necesidad de formación dada la actual crisis ambient...

  13. Hazardous air pollutant handbook: measurements, properties, and fate in ambient air

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Spicer, C.W. (ed.); Gordon, S.M.; Kelly, T.J.; Holdren, M.W.; Mukund, R. [Battelle, Columbus, OH (United States)

    2002-07-01

    Focussing on the 188 hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) identified in the Title III of the US Clean Air Act Amendments, this work reviews the methods used to identify, measure, and locate the presence of toxics in ambient air. After a classification and characterization of the HAPs, the current status of ambient measurement methods are surveyed and categorized according to applicable, likely, and potential methods. The results of studies of ambient air concentrations of the HAPs are presented. Methods used to study atmospheric transformations of toxic air pollutants are reviewed and the concept of atmospheric lifetimes of HAPs is discussed.

  14. La acuicultura y su impacto al medio ambiente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Angélica Espinosa Plascencia

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available En el noroeste de México la producción de camarón cultivado es considerada como una de las más importantes de América Latina. Sin embargo, se presentan grandes pérdidas económicas asociadas a enfermedades durante su cultivo, aunado a la intervención intensiva que generan las prácticas acuícolas que van degradando el medio ambiente. Esto es, primero, por la utilización del agua que recibe grandes cantidades de desechos, así como el alimento no consumido por los organismos que se sedimenta en el fondo marino, dañando al ambiente que es habitado no solo por los organismos cultivados sino también por otras especies. Segundo, porque se introducen antibióticos y sustancias químicas al ecosistema durante el desarrollo de la actividad. Por ello, fue necesario evaluar el efecto de un antibiótico y un biocida sobre las bacterias que habitan un sistema de cultivo, en relación al desarrollo de resistencia y la presencia de lesiones en los distintos órganos de camarón Litopenaeus vannamei. El empleo de los compuestos puede generar una huella ecológica, ya que se considera que un sistema de cultivo tiene una influencia en el medio ambiente diez mil veces superior a su superficie. El impacto tiene un costo ambiental, económico y social y la pregunta que surge es si esto es sustentable en el tiempo.

  15. Antropoceno: Una mirada desde la historia humana y la ética ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrés Segovia Cuéllar

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo pretende realizar un breve análisis conceptual sobre el término Antropoceno, y cuál ha sido la reflexión respecto a su uso como categoría temporal para describir la historia ecológica en general, y humana en particular. Las preocupaciones por la problemática ambiental contemporánea, han conllevado a la concienciación mundial sobre las acciones humanas sobre el medio ambiente, y han permitido el inicio de profundas revoluciones conceptuales que abogan por una transformación en la actitud ciudadana frente a la sostenibilidad del planeta tierra. Se realizará una reflexión desde la ética ambiental, sobre los principios que rigen el cuidado del medio ambiente y el concepto de desarrollo sostenible en el mundo contemporáneo. Los intentos por establecer una actitud ambiental responsable carecen aún de una ética no antropocéntrica, necesaria para una transformación real de los conflictos ambientales.

  16. A systemic domain model for ambient pervasive persuasive games

    OpenAIRE

    Eglin, Roger; Eyles, Mark; Dansey, Neil

    2008-01-01

    By the development of the system domain model it is hoped that a greater conceptual and theoretical clarity may be brought to understanding the complex and multifaceted nature of pervasive and ambient computer games. This paper presents a conceptual model, the system domain model, to illustrate domain areas that exist in a console, pervasive or ambient game. It is implicit that the regions that the systemic domain model describes are contextually dependent. By developing this model it is poss...

  17. Effects of ambient conditions on fuel cell vehicle performance

    Science.gov (United States)

    Haraldsson, K.; Alvfors, P.

    Ambient conditions have considerable impact on the performance of fuel cell hybrid vehicles. Here, the vehicle fuel consumption, the air compressor power demand, the water management system and the heat loads of a fuel cell hybrid sport utility vehicle (SUV) were studied. The simulation results show that the vehicle fuel consumption increases with 10% when the altitude increases from 0 m up to 3000 m to 4.1 L gasoline equivalents/100 km over the New European Drive Cycle (NEDC). The increase is 19% on the more power demanding highway US06 cycle. The air compressor is the major contributor to this fuel consumption increase. Its load-following strategy makes its power demand increase with increasing altitude. Almost 40% of the net power output of the fuel cell system is consumed by the air compressor at the altitude of 3000 m with this load-following strategy and is thus more apparent in the high-power US06 cycle. Changes in ambient air temperature and relative humidity effect on the fuel cell system performance in terms of the water management rather in vehicle fuel consumption. Ambient air temperature and relative humidity have some impact on the vehicle performance mostly seen in the heat and water management of the fuel cell system. While the heat loads of the fuel cell system components vary significantly with increasing ambient temperature, the relative humidity did not have a great impact on the water balance. Overall, dimensioning the compressor and other system components to meet the fuel cell system requirements at the minimum and maximum expected ambient temperatures, in this case 5 and 40 °C, and high altitude, while simultaneously choosing a correct control strategy are important parameters for efficient vehicle power train management.

  18. Ambient Intelligence and Wearable Computing: Sensors on the Body, in the Home, and Beyond

    OpenAIRE

    Cook, Diane J.; Song, WenZhan

    2009-01-01

    Ambient intelligence has a history of focusing on technologies that are integrated into a person’s environment. However, ambient intelligence can be found on a person’s body as well. In this thematic issue we examine the role of wearable computing in the field of ambient intelligence. In this article we provide an overview of the field of wearable computing and discuss its relationship to the fields of smart environments and ambient intelligence. In addition, we introduce the papers presented...

  19. FORMACIÓN DEL CIUDADANO AMBIENTAL A PARTIR DE HERRAMIENTAS EDUCATIVAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adriana Carolina Herrera López

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available La educación ambiental se encuentra contemplada como una de las principales preocupaciones de la sociedad, esto se evidencia desde la legislación constitucional hasta en las normativas de las instituciones educativas y en diversos escenarios sociales. Es preciso establecer las relaciones entre la educación cívica y educación ambiental que provean herramientas prácticas para conciliar el comportamiento proambiental con la necesidad de intervenir positivamente en el medio ambiente. Este proyecto pretende establecer las relaciones entre estas dos variables educativas y articularlas a través del diseño de material educativo que permita ejercer una práctica específica encaminada a conservar y cuidar el medio que los rodea.

  20. Ambient plasma treatment of silicon wafers for surface passivation recovery

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ge, Jia; Prinz, Markus; Markert, Thomas; Aberle, Armin G.; Mueller, Thomas

    2017-08-01

    In this work, the effect of an ambient plasma treatment powered by compressed dry air on the passivation quality of silicon wafers coated with intrinsic amorphous silicon sub-oxide is investigated. While long-time storage deteriorates the effective lifetime of all samples, a short ambient plasma treatment improves their passivation qualities. By studying the influence of the plasma treatment parameters on the passivation layers, an optimized process condition was identified which even boosted the passivation quality beyond its original value obtained immediately after deposition. On the other hand, the absence of stringent requirement on gas precursors, vacuum condition and longtime processing makes the ambient plasma treatment an excellent candidate to replace conventional thermal annealing in industrial heterojunction solar cell production.

  1. Reaction between laser ablation plume and ambient gas studied by laser-induced fluorescence imaging spectroscopy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sasaki, K; Watarai, H

    2007-01-01

    We visualized the density distributions of C 2 (plume), NO (ambient gas), and CN (reaction product) when a graphite target was ablated by irradiating YAG laser pulses at wavelengths of 1064 and 355 nm in ambient gas mixture of NO and He. It has been shown by the density distributions of C 2 and NO that the expansion of the plume removes the ambient gas and the plume and the ambient gas locate exclusively in both the cases at 1064 and 355 nm. A high CN density was observed at the interface between the plume and the ambient gas at 1064 nm, which is reasonable since chemical reactions between the plume and the ambient gas may occur only at their interface. On the other hand, in the case at 355 nm, we observed considerable CN inside the plume, indicating that the chemical reaction processes in the laser ablation at 355 nm is different from that expected from the density distributions of the plume and the ambient gas

  2. Characterization of CdZnTe ambient temperature detectors

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lavietes, A.

    1994-09-01

    A great deal of interest has been generated in the use of cadmium telluride (CdTe) and cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe) detectors for ambient temperature detection of radionuclides. The addition of zinc to CdTe provides several benefits that enhance the materials operational characteristics at ambient temperature. Recent movement in the industry is to produce larger volume detectors using CdZnTe without much known about the effects of larger geometry on performance. The purpose of this study is to get an idea of the relationship of detector performance to both area and thickness variations

  3. Generación del plan de manejo ambiental del Bosque Protector Aguarongo a partir de la evaluación de impacto ambiental

    OpenAIRE

    Lomas Taipe, Martha Elizabeth

    2016-01-01

    El documento consiste en la generación de un plan de manejo ambiental del Bosque Protector Aguarongo a partir de la Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental, con la finalidad de identificar los impactos ambientales que se están efectuando dentro del bosque, para el planteamiento de programas y medidas que permitan la protección y conservación de la biodiversidad presente en el Bosque Protector Aguarongo. The document consists of the generation of an environmental management plan Protected Forest Ag...

  4. Ad hoc networking and ambient intelligence to support future disaster response

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Jones, Valerie M.; Karagiannis, Georgios; Heemstra de Groot, S.M.

    2005-01-01

    We present a vision of how ambient intelligent environments may be used in future to support the emergency services during first response to a major incident. A futuristic scenario is presented where, for each of the emergency services, Ambient Intelligence (AmI) technologies are used to support

  5. Ad hoc networking and ambient intelligence to support future disaster response

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Jones, Valerie M.; Karagiannis, Georgios; Heemstra de Groot, S.M.; Afifi, H.; Zeghlache, D.

    We present a vision of how ambient intelligent environments may be used in future to support the emergency services during first response to a major incident. A futuristic scenario is presented where, for each of the emergency services, Ambient Intelligence (AmI) technologies are used to support

  6. Ambient Temperature Based Thermal Aware Energy Efficient ROM Design on FPGA

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Saini, Rishita; Bansal, Neha; Bansal, Meenakshi

    2015-01-01

    Thermal aware design is currently gaining importance in VLSI research domain. In this work, we are going to design thermal aware energy efficient ROM on Virtex-5 FPGA. Ambient Temperature, airflow, and heat sink profile play a significant role in thermal aware hardware design life cycle. Ambient...

  7. Direito Ambiental do Trabalho e a saúde dos trabalhadores da pesca artesanal: estudo de caso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ingrid Gil Sales Carvalho

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente tem objetiva refletir sobre o Direito Ambiental do Trabalho (DAT na perspectiva contributiva da saúde do trabalhador da pesca artesanal. Trata-se de pesquisa bibliográfica/documental em que foram consultados documentos originais, livros, artigos, leis, projetos, regulamentos, pareceres e relatórios, utilizando-se das seguintes palavras-chave: ambiente, meio ambiente, trabalho, saúde, saudável, direito ambiental, direito do trabalho, direito ambiental do trabalho, pesca, pescador, artesão, artesanal. O Direito do Trabalho (DT se constitui de normas específicas vinculadas à promoção da saúde e da segurança para o trabalhador e, assim como o Direito Ambiental (DA, que cuida da normatização, tanto no ambiente natural, quanto do artificial, são dois ramos do Direito Brasileiro que se sobressaem na amplitude e eficácia das normas de proteção à saúde do trabalhador. O meio ambiente de trabalho está centralizado na pessoa do trabalhador e no desenvolvimento de sua atividade laboral. O meio ambiente de trabalho é o local onde as pessoas desempenham suas atividades laborais. No caso do pescador artesanal, este se encontra imerso ao mesmo tempo no seu ambiente natural e artificial. Assim, qualquer contaminação, poluição ou dano ao meio ambiente natural afeta diretamente o pescador artesanal e, por conseguinte, a sua saúde. Evidenciou-se uma escassez na produção científica do Brasil, que aborde diálogos entre a saúde do pescador artesanal e o seu direito a um meio ambiente de trabalho saudável. Acredita-se que o DAT pode contribuir positivamente para a regulamentação da garantia do Direito à Saúde do pescador artesanal no Brasil no seu meio ambiente de trabalho.

  8. Saúde e meio ambiente nas cidades: os desafios da saúde ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nelson Gouveia

    1999-02-01

    Full Text Available Dentro de alguns poucos anos, nosso planeta contará com mais habitantes em áreas urbanas do que em áreas rurais. A urbanização desenfreada, sem mecanismos regulatórios e de controle, típica dos países periféricos, trouxe consigo enormes repercussões na saúde da população. Problemas como a insuficiência dos serviços básicos de saneamento, coleta e destinação adequada do lixo e condições precárias de moradia, tradicionalmente relacionados com a pobreza e o subdesenvolvimento, somam-se agora à poluição química e física do ar, da água e da terra, problemas ambientais antes considerados "modernos". Novamente, é sobre as populações mais carentes que recai a maior parte dos efeitos negativos da urbanização, gerando uma situação de extrema desigualdade e iniqüidade ambiental e em saúde. Para reverter esse quadro é preciso que haja uma reincorporação das questões do meio ambiente nas políticas de saúde, e a integração dos objetivos da saúde ambiental numa ampla estratégia de desenvolvimento sustentável. Uma abordagem mais integrada, com mecanismos intersetoriais que possibilitem um diálogo amplo entre as partes, trará enormes benefícios na conquista de melhores condições de vida nas cidades. A saúde ambiental hoje tem o desafio de promover uma melhor qualidade de vida e saúde nas cidades e a oportunidade de enfrentar o absurdo quadro de exclusão social, sob a perspectiva da eqüidade.In a matter of few years there will be more urban than rural dwellers worldwide. The rapid urbanisation lacking adequate control and regulatory mechanisms typical of developing countries, brought along huge effects to the health of the population Environmental problems traditionally related to poverty and underdevelopment such as insufficient provision of sanitation services, waste collection and disposal, and precarious housing conditions, are now added to environmental problems considered of "modern life" such as the

  9. Correlation-study about the ambient dose rate and the weather conditions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Furuya, Masato; Hatano, Yuko; Aoyama, Tomoo; Igarashi, Yasuhito; Kita, Kazuyuki; Ishizuka, Masahide

    2016-04-01

    The long-term radiation risks are believed to be heavily affected by the resuspension process. We therefore focus on the surface-atmosphere exchange process of released radioactive materials in this study. Radioactive materials were deposited on the soil and float in the air, and such complicated process are influenced by the weather conditions deeply. We need to reveal the correlation between the weather conditions and the ambient dose rate. In this study, we study the correlation between the weather conditions and the ambient dose rate with the correction of the decrease due to the radioactive decay. We found that there is a negative correlation between the ambient dose rate and the soil water content by the correlation coefficient. Using this result, we reconstruct the ambient dose rate from the weather conditions by the multiple regression analysis and found that the reconstructed data agree with the observation very well. Using Kalman filter, which can be sequentially updates the state estimate, we obtained such a good agreement.

  10. 2011 NATA - Risks and Annual Ambient Concentrations

    Data.gov (United States)

    U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — This dataset includes the modeled annual ambient concentrations and risks at the census tract level for the 2011 National Air Toxics Assessment. All concentrations...

  11. PRÁCTICAS DOCENTES EN EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL EN BOGOTÁ, QUIBDÓ Y

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bibiana Alfonso

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Se presenta en este documento el resultado parcial de la investigación denominada “Concepciones y prácticas sobre educación ambiental de los docentes de educación secundaria y media en colegios de Bogotá, Leticia y Quibdó: Implicaciones para los currículos de educación media en diferentes regiones del país”. Dichos resultados se obtienen de uno de los cuatro instrumentos usados en la investigación: el cuestionario a estudiantes. Con este instrumento se obtiene la visión de los estudiantes sobre las prácticas que tienen sus docentes cuando se aborda la educación ambiental en el aula. Las marcadas tendencias en prácticas de corte conservacionista, disciplinar y recursista que identifican los estudiantes, llevan a inferir que, sin importar la región de país, los/as docentes aún perpetúan la idea antropocentrista de la educación ambiental y privilegian la visión de la educación ambiental como una disciplina más del conocimiento ligada, necesariamante, a las denominadas ciencias naturales.  La investigación está enmarcada metodológicamente en el estudio de caso, se usan instrumentos estandarizados y validados en los cuales se proponen cuatro unidades de análisis:   finalidades   de   la   educación   ambiental,   conocimientos  (conceptuales, procedimentales  y  actitudinales  en  educación  ambiental,  modelos  de  enseñanza  y    aprendizaje y finalidades, instrumentos y formas de evaluación en educación ambiental. Estas unidades de análisis se constituyen en los pilares de los lineamientos curriculares que se propondrán al finalizar la investigación.

  12. Los plaguicidas y la contaminacion del medio ambiente Venezolano

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stickel, L.F.; Stickel, W.H.

    1972-01-01

    RESUMEN DE RECOMENDACIONES Recomendaciones para el Programa de Investigacion: 1. Establecer un sistema de muestreo biologico para detectar los niveles tendencias de los productos quimicos toxicos en un peque?o numero de si tios representativos. 2. Mantener continua vigilancia de la contaminacion ambiental, mediante la seleccion acertadamente dirigida de las zonas afectadas y de las fuentes de contaminacion. 3. Realizar estudios acerca de las poblaciones de animales silvestres, y del exito de los procesos reproductivos de las especies o grupos clayes de animales que se consideran mas gravemente afectados. 4. Preparar recomendaciones para una accion gubernamental de proteccion al hombre, a la fauna silvestre y al medio ambiente. Recomendaciones para la Accion Administrativa: 1. Establecer limites a la tolerancia de los residuos de plaguicidas en los alimentos. Constituye una medida clave para disminuir la contaminacion ambiental. 2. Establecer normas de calidad del agua para las corrientes, represas, la gos y otros cuerpos. Es la segunda medida clave para reducir la contaminacion del ambiente 3. Exigir un tratamiento adecuado de los efluentes industriales, especialmente antes de que se construyan las nuevas plantas. 4. Exigir a los agricultores que en el uso de plaguicidas sigan los consejos tecnicos autorizados y negar a los vendedores el derecho a recomendar productos por su cuenta. 5. Tomar medidas para recoger y eliminar los recipientes y sobrantes de los plaguicidas.

  13. Next generation intelligent environments ambient adaptive systems

    CERN Document Server

    Nothdurft, Florian; Heinroth, Tobias; Minker, Wolfgang

    2016-01-01

    This book covers key topics in the field of intelligent ambient adaptive systems. It focuses on the results worked out within the framework of the ATRACO (Adaptive and TRusted Ambient eCOlogies) project. The theoretical background, the developed prototypes, and the evaluated results form a fertile ground useful for the broad intelligent environments scientific community as well as for industrial interest groups. The new edition provides: Chapter authors comment on their work on ATRACO with final remarks as viewed in retrospective Each chapter has been updated with follow-up work emerging from ATRACO An extensive introduction to state-of-the-art statistical dialog management for intelligent environments Approaches are introduced on how Trust is reflected during the dialog with the system.

  14. O uso de indicadores ambientais no acompanhamento de sistemas de gerenciamento ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marco Antonio Gaya de Figueiredo

    1996-06-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho visa apresentar a utilização de indicadores de performance ambiental no acompanhamento do gerenciamento ambiental. Sob este enfoque será apresentada uma visão geral dos sistemas de gerenciamento ambiental e dos atuais tipos de indicadores estudados. Como conclusão será apresentada uma visão de futuro referente ao gerenciamento ambiental.Process environmental performance evaluation is practiced by many industries, aiming to establish adequate environmental conditions, and to create a methodology for eliminating critical points from the productive process. This work describes the follow-up of environmental management through a selection of environmental performance indicators. A general review of environmental manegement systems is presented together with the most common used indicators. In conclusion, a future view of environmental manegement is discussed.

  15. Characterization of selenium in ambient aerosols and primary emission sources.

    Science.gov (United States)

    De Santiago, Arlette; Longo, Amelia F; Ingall, Ellery D; Diaz, Julia M; King, Laura E; Lai, Barry; Weber, Rodney J; Russell, Armistead G; Oakes, Michelle

    2014-08-19

    Atmospheric selenium (Se) in aerosols was investigated using X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) microscopy. These techniques were used to determine the oxidation state and elemental associations of Se in common primary emission sources and ambient aerosols collected from the greater Atlanta area. In the majority of ambient aerosol and primary emission source samples, the spectroscopic patterns as well as the absence of elemental correlations suggest Se is in an elemental, organic, or oxide form. XRF microscopy revealed numerous Se-rich particles, or hotspots, accounting on average for ∼16% of the total Se in ambient aerosols. Hotspots contained primarily Se(0)/Se(-II). However, larger, bulk spectroscopic characterizations revealed Se(IV) as the dominant oxidation state in ambient aerosol, followed by Se(0)/Se(-II) and Se(VI). Se(IV) was the only observed oxidation state in gasoline, diesel, and coal fly ash, while biomass burning contained a combination of Se(0)/Se(-II) and Se(IV). Although the majority of Se in aerosols was in the most toxic form, the Se concentration is well below the California Environmental Protection Agency chronic exposure limit (∼20000 ng/m(3)).

  16. Ambient Surveillance by Probabilistic-Possibilistic Perception

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Bittermann, M.S.; Ciftcioglu, O.

    2013-01-01

    A method for quantifying ambient surveillance is presented, which is based on probabilistic-possibilistic perception. The human surveillance of a scene through observing camera sensed images on a monitor is modeled in three steps. First immersion of the observer is simulated by modeling perception

  17. Visualizing ambient user experiences: any how

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Kanis, M.; Robben, S.; Veenstra, M.; Kröse, B.; Olivier, P.; Wright, P.

    2012-01-01

    As interactive systems become increasingly complex and entwined with the environment, technology is becoming more and more invisible. This means that much of the technology that people come across every day goes unnoticed and that the (potential) workings of ambient systems are not always clearly

  18. Visualizing ambient user experiences : any how

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Kanis, Marije; Robben, Saskia; Kröse, Ben; Veenstra, Mettina

    2012-01-01

    As interactive systems become increasingly complex and entwined with the environment, technology is becoming more and more invisible. This means that much of the technology that people come across every day goes unnoticed and that the (potential) workings of ambient systems are not always clearly

  19. Ambient analysis of trace compounds in gaseous media by SIFT-MS.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smith, David; Spaněl, Patrik

    2011-05-21

    The topic of ambient gas analysis has been rapidly developed in the last few years with the evolution of the exciting new techniques such as DESI, DART and EESI. The essential feature of all is that analysis of trace gases can be accomplished either in the gas phase or those released from surfaces, crucially avoiding sample collection or modification. In this regard, selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry, SIFT-MS, also performs ambient analyses both accurately and rapidly. In this focused review we describe the underlying ion chemistry underpinning SIFT-MS through a discourse on the reactions of different classes of organic and inorganic molecules with H(3)O(+), NO(+) and O(2)(+)˙ studied using the SIFT technique. Rate coefficients and ion products of these reactions facilitate absolute SIFT-MS analyses and can also be useful for the interpretation of data obtained by the other ambient analysis methods mentioned above. The essential physics and flow dynamics of SIFT-MS are described that, together with the reaction kinetics, allow SIFT-MS to perform absolute ambient analyses of trace compounds in humid atmospheric air, exhaled breath and the headspace of aqueous liquids. Several areas of research that, through pilot experiments, are seen to benefit from ambient gas analysis using SIFT-MS are briefly reviewed. Special attention is given to exhaled breath and urine headspace analysis directed towards clinical diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring, and some other areas researched using SIFT-MS are summarised. Finally, extensions to current areas of application and indications of other directions in which SIFT-MS can be exploited for ambient analysis are alluded to.

  20. Shape analysis for Mobile Ambients

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nielson, Hanne Riis; Nielson, Flemming

    2000-01-01

    The ambient calculus is a calculus of computation that allows active processes to move between sites. We present an analysis inspired by state-of-the-art pointer analyses that safety and accurately predicts which processes may turn up at what sites during the execution of a composite system. The ...... are flexible and scale up to general tree structures admitting powerful restructuring operations....

  1. Educación Ambiental Popular para el manejo sustentable de Recursos Naturales en Progreso Hidalgo: Un enfoque ambiental a la Agricultura Comercial.

    OpenAIRE

    Morales Reyes, Etztli Itzel

    2014-01-01

    Se establecieron las siguientes etapas metodológicas: 1) Investigación, en la que se identificaron las necesidades de aprendizaje, problemas de interés de la comunidad; 2) Educación, en la que se realizó una propuesta curricular de educación ambiental por medio de dos programas impartidos en talleres; 3) Acción, donde se desarrollaron las experiencias educación ambiental popular mendiante talleres con tres grupos niños , mujeres y hombres; 4) Acción – Reflexión- Acción, dond...

  2. Continuous determination of gaseous ammonia in the ambient atmosphere using fluorescence derivatization

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abbas, Rana; Tanner, Roger L.

    A method for continuous determination of ambient ammonia levels employing o-phthalaldehyde fluorescence derivatization is described. A simplified Venturi scrubber and gas-liquid separator have been employed for reproducible measurements of ⩾ 0.1 ppb ambient ammonia with less than 2 min time resolution. The scrubbing efficiency of the ammonia gas collection system was determined to be 29 ± 1 %. During 4 d in August 1979 ambient ammonia levels at the Brookhaven National Laboratory site averaged about 1.5 ± 1.1 ppb during afternoon daylight hours.

  3. Vertentes da Educação Ambiental: da conservacionista à critica

    OpenAIRE

    Jéssica de Andrade Santos; Mirza Seabra Toschi

    2015-01-01

    Ao longo de sua história a Educação Ambiental recebeu várias denominações, desse modo o presente trabalho visou analisar as vertentes da educação ambiental presentes atualmente, assim como, entender sua formação histórica. Para isto foi realizada revisão de literatura utilizando como aporte teórico, o trabalho de Layrargues e Lima (2011). A Educação Ambiental surge em 1965 em um contexto de preocupação com os recursos naturais. No Brasil, porém, esta prática educativa só foi instituída na déc...

  4. Methods for estimating on-site ambient air concentrations at disposal sites

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hwang, S.T.

    1987-01-01

    Currently, Gaussian type dispersion modeling and point source approximation are combined to estimate the ambient air concentrations of pollutants dispersed downwind of an areawide emission source, using the approach of virtual point source approximation. This Gaussian dispersion modeling becomes less accurate as the receptor comes closer to the source, and becomes inapplicable for the estimation of on-site ambient air concentrations at disposal sites. Partial differential equations are solved with appropriate boundary conditions for use in estimating the on-site concentrations in the ambient air impacted by emissions from an area source such as land disposal sites. Two variations of solution techniques are presented, and their predictions are compared

  5. Ambient Seismic Imaging of Hydraulically Active Fractures at km Depths

    Science.gov (United States)

    Malin, P. E.; Sicking, C.

    2017-12-01

    Streaming Depth Images of ambient seismic signals using numerous, densely-distributed, receivers have revealed their connection to hydraulically active fractures at 0.5 to 5 km depths. Key for this type of imaging is very high-fold stacking over both multiple receives and periods of a few hours. Also important is suppression of waveforms from fixed, repeating sources such as pumps, generators, and traffic. A typical surface-based ambient SDI survey would use a 3D seismic receiver grid. It would have 1,000 to 4,000 uniformly distributed receivers at a density of 50/km2over the target. If acquired by borehole receivers buried 100 m deep, the density can be dropped by an order of magnitude. We show examples of the acquisition and signal processing scenarios used to produce the ambient images. (Sicking et al., SEG Interpretation, Nov 2017.) While the fracture-fluid source connection of SDI has been verified by drilling and various types of hydraulic tests, the precise nature of the signal's origin is not clear. At the current level of observation, the signals do not have identifiable phases, but can be focused using P wave velocities. Suggested sources are resonances of pressures fluctuations in the fractures, or small, continuous, slips on fractures surfaces. In either case, it appears that the driving mechanism is tectonic strain in an inherently unstable crust. Solid earth tides may enhance these strains. We illustrate the value of the ambient SDI method in its industrial application by showing case histories from energy industry and carbon-capture-sequestration projects. These include ambient images taken before, during, and after hydraulic treatments in un-conventional reservoirs. The results show not only locations of active fractures, but also their time responses to stimulation and production. Time-lapse ambient imaging can forecast and track events such as well interferences and production changes that can result from nearby treatments.

  6. Passive radiative cooling below ambient air temperature under direct sunlight.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Raman, Aaswath P; Anoma, Marc Abou; Zhu, Linxiao; Rephaeli, Eden; Fan, Shanhui

    2014-11-27

    Cooling is a significant end-use of energy globally and a major driver of peak electricity demand. Air conditioning, for example, accounts for nearly fifteen per cent of the primary energy used by buildings in the United States. A passive cooling strategy that cools without any electricity input could therefore have a significant impact on global energy consumption. To achieve cooling one needs to be able to reach and maintain a temperature below that of the ambient air. At night, passive cooling below ambient air temperature has been demonstrated using a technique known as radiative cooling, in which a device exposed to the sky is used to radiate heat to outer space through a transparency window in the atmosphere between 8 and 13 micrometres. Peak cooling demand, however, occurs during the daytime. Daytime radiative cooling to a temperature below ambient of a surface under direct sunlight has not been achieved because sky access during the day results in heating of the radiative cooler by the Sun. Here, we experimentally demonstrate radiative cooling to nearly 5 degrees Celsius below the ambient air temperature under direct sunlight. Using a thermal photonic approach, we introduce an integrated photonic solar reflector and thermal emitter consisting of seven layers of HfO2 and SiO2 that reflects 97 per cent of incident sunlight while emitting strongly and selectively in the atmospheric transparency window. When exposed to direct sunlight exceeding 850 watts per square metre on a rooftop, the photonic radiative cooler cools to 4.9 degrees Celsius below ambient air temperature, and has a cooling power of 40.1 watts per square metre at ambient air temperature. These results demonstrate that a tailored, photonic approach can fundamentally enable new technological possibilities for energy efficiency. Further, the cold darkness of the Universe can be used as a renewable thermodynamic resource, even during the hottest hours of the day.

  7. Superheated emulsions in neutron spectrometry by varying ambient pressure

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Das, Mala; Sawamura, Teruko

    2005-01-01

    The principle of present work lies on the dependence of the threshold neutron energy on the dimensionless quantity ''degree of metastability (ss)'' of superheated liquids. The response of the superheated emulsions consists of the drops of superheated liquid (C 2 Cl 2 F 4 , b.p. 3.77 deg. C) has been measured at different 'ss' by varying ambient pressure at different temperatures, in the presence of neutrons generated in Pb by a (γ,n) reaction from 45 MeV electron LINAC of Hokkaido University. To unfold the neutron energy spectrum, a relationship has been developed between the 'ss' of superheated liquids and the threshold neutron energy. The spectrum at the detector position has been calculated by the MCNP code and a comparison has been made with the experimental spectrum. The utilisation of 'ss' is more flexible as this relation can be applied to both positive and negative ambient pressures as well as at different ambient temperatures

  8. Measurement of Ambient Air Motion of D. I. Gasoline Spray by LIF-PIV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yamakawa, Masahisa; Isshiki, Seiji; Yoshizaki, Takuo; Nishida, Keiya

    Ambient air velocity distributions in and around a D. I. gasoline spray were measured using a combination of LIF and PIV techniques. A rhodamine and water solution was injected into ambient air to disperse the fine fluorescent liquid particles used as tracers. A fuel spray was injected into the fluorescent tracer cloud and was illuminated by an Nd: YAG laser light sheet (532nm). The scattered light from the spray droplets and tracers was cut off by a high-pass filter (>560nm). As the fluorescence (>600nm) was transmitted through the high-pass filter, the tracer images were captured using a CCD camera and the ambient air velocity distribution could be obtained by PIV based on the images. This technique was applied to a D. I. gasoline spray. The ambient air flowed up around the spray and entered into the tail of the spray. Furthermore, the relative velocity between the spray and ambient air was investigated.

  9. Ni ética ambiental, ni valores. La reivindicación de Hans Jonas para la ética ambiental hecha por Eric Pommier, considerada desde la crítica de Heidegger al concepto de valor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Richard Ayala-Ardila

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se cuestiona tanto a la ética ambiental como a la filosofía ambiental desde la crítica hecha por Martin Heidegger al concepto de valor; tal cuestionamiento es precedido por una presentación de las consideraciones de Eric Pommier sobre la ética ambiental, lo cual implica tratar su apreciación de la filosofía ambiental norteamericana (Leopold, Rolston III y Callicot, su lectura de la obra de Hans Jonas y su reivindicación de las ideas de este autor para la ética o para la filosofía ambiental. Se mostrará que los problemas fundamentales de la ética ambiental consisten en encontrar una manera de demostrar el valor intrínseco de la naturaleza y en lograr este objetivo sin hacer concesión alguna al dualismo ontológico.

  10. Ambient pressure photoemission spectroscopy of metal surfaces

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Baikie, Iain D., E-mail: iain@kptechnology.ltd.uk; Grain, Angela C.; Sutherland, James; Law, Jamie

    2014-12-30

    Highlights: • Ambient pressure photoemission spectroscopy of metals. • Rastered photon energy scan overcomes inelastic scattering. • Relationship between photoemission threshold and contact potential difference. - Abstract: We describe a novel photoemission technique utilizing a traditional Kelvin probe as a detector of electrons/atmospheric ions ejected from metallic surfaces (Au, Ag, Cu, Fe, Ni, Ti, Zn, Al) illuminated by a deep ultra-violet (DUV) source under ambient pressure. To surmount the limitation of electron scattering in air the incident photon energy is rastered rather than applying a variable retarding electric field as is used with UPS. This arrangement can be applied in several operational modes: using the DUV source to determine the photoemission threshold (Φ) with 30–50 meV resolution and also the Kelvin probe, under dark conditions, to measure contact potential difference (CPD) between the Kelvin probe tip and the metallic sample with an accuracy of 1–3 meV. We have studied the relationship between the photoelectric threshold and CPD of metal surfaces cleaned in ambient conditions. Inclusion of a second spectroscopic visible source was used to confirm a semiconducting oxide, possibly Cu{sub 2}O, via surface photovoltage measurements with the KP. This dual detection system can be easily extended to controlled gas conditions, relative humidity control and sample heating/cooling.

  11. Fomento de la conciencia ambiental mediante el blog UNAECOLÓGICA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nereidy Velásquez

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available El propósito del artículo es presentar una propuesta para fomentar la conciencia ambiental mediante el uso del blog. En este trabajo se organizaron los referentes teóricos relacionados con la educación ambiental y con la web, la cual constituye un espacio que ofrece información consistente y veraz sobre cualquier temática. El blog UNAECOLÓGICA es una propuesta que se crea con el fin de generar espacios para la comunicación, la interacción, la construcción del conocimiento ambiental y estimular en la comunidad unista la participación, la empatía y la solidaridad hacia su entorno.  Entre algunas de las secciones que presenta UNAECOLÓGICA, se encuentran: Notiambiente, Literambiente, Ecorelatos. Ecofrases, entre otras.

  12. The persistent signature of tropical cyclones in ambient seismic noise

    KAUST Repository

    Gualtieri, Lucia; Camargo, Suzana J.; Pascale, Salvatore; Pons, Flavio M.E.; Ekströ m, Gö ran

    2017-01-01

    The spectrum of ambient seismic noise shows strong signals associated with tropical cyclones, yet a detailed understanding of these signals and the relationship between them and the storms is currently lacking. Through the analysis of more than a decade of seismic data recorded at several stations located in and adjacent to the northwest Pacific Ocean, here we show that there is a persistent and frequency-dependent signature of tropical cyclones in ambient seismic noise that depends on characteristics of the storm and on the detailed location of the station relative to the storm. An adaptive statistical model shows that the spectral amplitude of ambient seismic noise, and notably of the short-period secondary microseisms, has a strong relationship with tropical cyclone intensity and can be employed to extract information on the tropical cyclones.

  13. The persistent signature of tropical cyclones in ambient seismic noise

    KAUST Repository

    Gualtieri, Lucia

    2017-12-28

    The spectrum of ambient seismic noise shows strong signals associated with tropical cyclones, yet a detailed understanding of these signals and the relationship between them and the storms is currently lacking. Through the analysis of more than a decade of seismic data recorded at several stations located in and adjacent to the northwest Pacific Ocean, here we show that there is a persistent and frequency-dependent signature of tropical cyclones in ambient seismic noise that depends on characteristics of the storm and on the detailed location of the station relative to the storm. An adaptive statistical model shows that the spectral amplitude of ambient seismic noise, and notably of the short-period secondary microseisms, has a strong relationship with tropical cyclone intensity and can be employed to extract information on the tropical cyclones.

  14. THE EFFECTS OF AMBIENT SCENT ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

    OpenAIRE

    OLAHUT Meda Roxana; PLAIAS Ioan

    2013-01-01

    The main purpose of this paper is to present an extended literature review of relevant empirical studies which examine the effect of ambient scent on consumers' perception, consumers' emotions and consumers' behavioral responses in the context of retailing. Compared with other atmospheric stimuli (such as background music), ambient scent has received little attention from researchers. This paper is also concentrated on identifying de principal dimensions of ambient scent (presence versus abse...

  15. THE EFFECTS OF AMBIENT SCENT ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

    OpenAIRE

    OLAHUT Meda Roxana; PLAIAS Ioan

    2013-01-01

    The main purpose of this paper is to present an extended literature review of relevant empirical studies which examine the effect of ambient scent on consumers’ perception, consumers’ emotions and consumers’ behavioral responses in the context of retailing. Compared with other atmospheric stimuli (such as background music), ambient scent has received little attention from researchers. This paper is also concentrated on identifying de principal dimensions of ambient scent (presence versus abse...

  16. Salud ambiental: conceptos y actividades Environmental health: concepts and activities

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gonzalo A. Ordóñez

    2000-03-01

    Full Text Available La finalidad del trabajo es aportar información y propuestas conceptuales que faciliten la tarea de quienes tienen a su cargo la sistematización institucional de la salud ambiental. Se hace un análisis de la noción de "ambiente" para la cual se sugiere una definición, y se examina el lugar de la salud ambiental en el contexto de los problemas ambientales y sus vertientes "verde" y "azul". Se examinan denominaciones equivalentes de salud ambiental y se introducen los servicios de salud ambiental. Se proporcionan varias definiciones y se da la oficial de salud ambiental adoptada por la OMS en Sofía, Bulgaria (1993. A continuación se transcriben las áreas básicas que a la salud ambiental le han asignado diversas organizaciones o reuniones, como la OPS, la OMS, el Programa 21 y otros. A partir de aquí se construye un repertorio bastante completo de áreas y subáreas y se encuentra que todos los listados son, en realidad, una reunión asistemática de tres tipos de constituyentes: determinantes (factores o hechos de la realidad física, procesos (conjuntos de intervenciones y funciones (conjuntos de acciones de gestión, los cuales pueden enfocarse matricialmente y llevan a individualizar actividades de los servicios de salud ambiental. Se proponen unas reglas de operación que permiten, en una especie de álgebra, construir expresiones para especificar con precisión las actividades y sus agregados. De este modo se logra disponer de un lenguaje simbólico común que puede ayudar a la intercomunicación, enseñanza e investigación en el ámbito de la salud ambiental.The objective of this study is to provide information and a conceptual framework that will facilitate the work of persons in charge of systematizing institutions devoted to environmental health. The notion of "environment" is examined and a definition is proposed, while a look is also taken at the place held by environmental health within the context of environmental problems

  17. The relationship of lung function with ambient temperature.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Collaco, Joseph M; Appel, Lawrence J; McGready, John; Cutting, Garry R

    2018-01-01

    Lung function is complex trait with both genetic and environmental factors contributing to variation. It is unknown how geographic factors such as climate affect population respiratory health. To determine whether ambient air temperature is associated with lung function (FEV1) in the general population. Associations between spirometry data from two National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) periods representative of the U.S. non-institutionalized population and mean annual ambient temperature were assessed using survey-weighted multivariate regression. The NHANES III (1988-94) cohort included 14,088 individuals (55.6% female) and the NHANES 2007-12 cohort included 14,036 individuals (52.3% female), with mean ages of 37.4±23.4 and 34.4±21.8 years old and FEV1 percent predicted values of 99.8±15.8% and 99.2±14.5%, respectively. After adjustment for confounders, warmer ambient temperatures were associated with lower lung function in both cohorts (NHANES III p = 0.020; NHANES 2007-2012 p = 0.014). The effect was similar in both cohorts with a 0.71% and 0.59% predicted FEV1 decrease for every 10°F increase in mean temperature in the NHANES III and NHANES 2007-2012 cohorts, respectively. This corresponds to ~2 percent predicted difference in FEV1 between the warmest and coldest regions in the continental United States. In the general U.S. population, residing in regions with warmer ambient air temperatures was associated with lower lung function with an effect size similar to that of traffic pollution. Rising temperatures associated with climate change could have effects on pulmonary function in the general population.

  18. The relationship of lung function with ambient temperature.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joseph M Collaco

    Full Text Available Lung function is complex trait with both genetic and environmental factors contributing to variation. It is unknown how geographic factors such as climate affect population respiratory health.To determine whether ambient air temperature is associated with lung function (FEV1 in the general population.Associations between spirometry data from two National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES periods representative of the U.S. non-institutionalized population and mean annual ambient temperature were assessed using survey-weighted multivariate regression.The NHANES III (1988-94 cohort included 14,088 individuals (55.6% female and the NHANES 2007-12 cohort included 14,036 individuals (52.3% female, with mean ages of 37.4±23.4 and 34.4±21.8 years old and FEV1 percent predicted values of 99.8±15.8% and 99.2±14.5%, respectively.After adjustment for confounders, warmer ambient temperatures were associated with lower lung function in both cohorts (NHANES III p = 0.020; NHANES 2007-2012 p = 0.014. The effect was similar in both cohorts with a 0.71% and 0.59% predicted FEV1 decrease for every 10°F increase in mean temperature in the NHANES III and NHANES 2007-2012 cohorts, respectively. This corresponds to ~2 percent predicted difference in FEV1 between the warmest and coldest regions in the continental United States.In the general U.S. population, residing in regions with warmer ambient air temperatures was associated with lower lung function with an effect size similar to that of traffic pollution. Rising temperatures associated with climate change could have effects on pulmonary function in the general population.

  19. A Kleene analysis of Mobile Ambients

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nielson, Flemming; Nielson, Hanne Riis; Sagiv, M.

    2000-01-01

    We show how a program analysis technique originally developed for C-like pointer structures can be adapted to analyse the hierarchical structure of processes in the ambient calculus. The technique is based on modeling the semantics of the language in a two-valued logic; by reinterpreting...

  20. Redox Toxicology of Ambient Air Pollution

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ambient air pollution is a leading global cause of morbidity and mortality. Millions of Americans live in areas in which levels of tropospheric ozone exceed air quality standards, while exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5) alone results in 3.2 million excess deaths annually wor...

  1. Experiência subjetiva de idosas durante exercício em ambiente virtual

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amanda Mayara do Nascimento

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available Os objetivos desse estudo quali-quantitativo foram verificar as experiências subjetivas relacionadas ao exercício em idosas antes e depois da realização de atividade física em ambientes real e virtual, bem como a preferência pelo ambiente. A amostra foi composta por 20 idosas (71,1±6,5 anos que executaram sessões de dança nos dois ambientes e responderam ao instrumento Subjective Exercise Experiences Scale (SEES antes e depois da prática. Na situação virtual foi utilizado o jogo Just Dance I do console Wii® da Nintendo. Na situação real, cada participante reproduziu os mesmos movimentos demonstrados pela pesquisadora. Para a análise dos dados da SEES foram utilizados os testes Wilcoxon e Mann-Whitney (p<0,05. Houve redução significativa na pontuação da subescala distress psicológico da SEES após ambas as situações experimentais e aumento no bem-estar positivo apenas em ambiente virtual. A maioria das idosas escolheu o ambiente real como o preferido.

  2. Medio ambiente y desarrollo: su implicancia nacional e internacional

    OpenAIRE

    Martínez Lestard, Pablo

    1992-01-01

    Cuando el Presidente de la Comisión Mundial sobre el Medio Ambiente y el Desarrollo, el Sr. Gro Harlem Brundtland, Primer Ministro de Noruega, presentó el reporte "Nuestro Futuro Común" a la Asamblea General de la ONU en 1987, fue el momento en que se dio a conocer, ante el foro mundial, la idea del "desarrollo sostenible". Según Lloyd Timberlake, editor principal en el Instituto Internacional para el Medio Ambiente y el Desarrollo (Londres), el reporte "extremista" únicamente en cu...

  3. La educación ambiental como base cultural y estrategia para el desarrollo sostenible

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Severiche-Sierra

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available En la actualidad se habla de educación ambiental como el medio más efectivo para concienciar a la población sobre la necesidad de preservar el ambiente con miras a lograr una mejor calidad de vida en las generaciones actuales y por venir. Pese a los esfuerzos por conservar los recursos naturales no se ha podido frenar el deterioro ambiental, debido, posiblemente, a que no logramos tener conciencia y actitud de respeto hacia la naturaleza. Se hizo una revisión sobre las investigaciones más recientes acerca de la trascendencia de la educación ambiental como base para optimizar la cultura presente y futura. El presente artículo de revisión tiene como principal analizar cualitativamente la literatura científica disponible en las bases de datos Science Direct, Scielo, Redalyc y páginas Web oficiales, empleando como palabras de búsqueda: ambiente, cultura, educación, sociedad, sostenibilidad. Se obtuvo información pertinente relacionada con el objetivo propuesto, la cual se presenta en 3 secciones: la educación ambiental, un eje transversal, cultura y educación ambiental y educación para el desarrollo sostenible, estableciendo además la dimensión ambiental como estrategia para el avance en aspectos sociales, económicos y su contribución al desarrollo sostenible de nuestra sociedad. La educación ambiental es pilar fundamental de la generación de cambios de actitud y aptitud y de lograr un equilibrio entre el ser humano y su entorno. Se requiere del apoyo de casi todas las disciplinas, por lo que la resolución de los problemas ambientales debe contar con la participación activa de un amplio conjunto de personas e instituciones.

  4. A PROTEÇÃO JURÍDICA DO MEIO AMBIENTE NA SOCIEDADE MULTICULTURAL: O MOTE DA SUSTENTABILIDADE

    OpenAIRE

    Damo Cervi, Taciana Marconatto

    2009-01-01

    O desenvolvimento econômico e social influenciou sensivelmente os mecanismos da natureza, culminando em uma crise ambiental de repercussões sérias no tocante à qualidade de vida e do próprio meio ambiente. Os anseios da sociedade pela tutela jurídica do meio ambiente foram incorporados pela Constituição Federal de 1988 que reconheceu o direito ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado. A pesquisa busca identificar os instrumentos jurídicos de defesa ambiental e as diferentes esferas de resp...

  5. COMPORTAMENTO PRÓ-AMBIENTAL E DESCARTE DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS POR ESTUDANTES DE ARQUITETURA: APONTAMENTOS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wellington Francisco Bescorovaine

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente estudo visa caracterizar o comportamento pró-ambiental de estudantes do curso de arquitetura e urbanismo com ênfase ao descarte e à reciclagem de resíduos, bem como tecer alguns apontamentos para a educação ambiental no ensino superior. Participaram da pesquisa, de natureza exploratória, 58 estudantes concluintes do curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo matriculados em uma instituição de ensino particular, situada na região Sul do Brasil. Foi aplicada a Escala de Comportamento Ecológico e um questionário sobre a produção de lixo e o seu descarte. Referente ao comportamento pró-ambiental, a maior média se apresentou em limpeza urbana e a menor em ativismo e consumo. Quanto aos comportamentos de economia de água e energia, e reciclagem, os alunos evidenciaram tendência a realizá-los ocasionalmente. As respostas aos questionários mostraram que 59,9% dos estudantes não se preocupam com a quantidade de lixo produzida; 68,8 % procuram separar os lixos recicláveis; 37,86% raramente ou nunca reutilizam as embalagens de produtos; 41,32 % procuram lavá-las antes de descartá-las; e somente 10,34% já participaram ou participam de programas que incentivam a preservação ambiental. Os dados obtidos sinalizam a necessidade da ambientalização nas Instituições de Ensino Superior, levando em consideração as crenças e os valores ambientais dos estudantes e envolvendo-os em projetos sociais, visando o desenvolvimento de atitudes pró-ambientais.

  6. Enhanced dielectric properties of ZrO2 thin films prepared in nitrogen ambient by pulsed laser deposition

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhu, J; Li, T L; Pan, B; Zhou, L; Liu, Z G

    2003-01-01

    ZrO 2 thin films were fabricated in O 2 ambient and in N 2 ambient by pulsed laser deposition (PLD), respectively. X-ray diffraction revealed that films prepared at 400 deg. C remained amorphous. The dielectric properties of amorphous ZrO 2 films were investigated by measuring the capacitance-frequency characteristics of Pt/ZrO 2 /Pt capacitor structures. The dielectric constant of the films deposited in N 2 ambient was larger than that of the films deposited in O 2 ambient. The dielectric loss was lower for films prepared in N 2 ambient. Atom force microscopy investigation indicated that films deposited in N 2 ambient had smoother surface than films deposited in O 2 ambient. Capacitance-voltage and current-voltage characteristics were studied. The equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) of films with 6.6 nm physical thickness deposited in N 2 ambient is lower than that of films deposited in O 2 ambient. An EOT of 1.38 nm for the film deposited in N 2 ambient was obtained, while the leakage current density was 94.6 mA cm -2 . Therefore, ZrO 2 thins deposited in N 2 ambient have enhanced dielectric properties due to the incorporation of nitrogen which leads to the formation of Zr-doped nitride interfacial layer, and is suggested to be a potential material for alternative high-k (high dielectric constant) gate dielectric applications

  7. Ambiente e formação estelar em galáxias

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mateus, A., Jr.; Sodré, L., Jr.

    2003-08-01

    Estudamos o ambiente de galáxias com formação estelar inicialmente a partir de uma amostra limitada em volume proveniente do 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey. Discriminamos as galáxias com formação estelar com base em distintas classes espectrais, utilizando para esta classificação as larguras equivalentes das linhas [OII]l3727 e Hd. O ambiente é caracterizado pela densidade espacial local de galáxias. Mostramos que a fração de galáxias com formação estelar é bastante reduzida em ambientes densos, enquanto a de galáxias passivas aumenta nestas regiões. Por outro lado, quando analisamos a fração de galáxias que apresentam um surto recente de formação estelar, notamos que ela independe do ambiente, sendo que em regiões mais densas alguns destes objetos apresentam distorções em sua morfologia. Estes resultados são confrontados com a análise da dependência ambiental da taxa de formação estelar, estimada pela emissão em Ha, de uma amostra extraída do Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Um declínio gradual da formação estelar também é observado nesta análise, sugerindo que as interações por efeitos de maré sejam responsáveis pela redução da formação estelar em ambientes densos através da remoção do reservatório de gás das galáxias. No entanto, estas interações também podem induzir surtos de formação estelar nas galáxias, além de peculiaridades morfológicas observadas nos objetos que habitam regiões mais densas.

  8. Experiências de um programa em educação ambiental: sustentabilidade e meio ambiente no colégio municipal professora América Aballa, Rio das Ostras, RJ

    OpenAIRE

    Armindo Santos Neto

    2014-01-01

    Este estudo aborda sustentabilidade e meio ambiente. O Colégio Municipal Professora América Abdalla recebeu a proposta buscando obter resultados concretos,ciente de que tal prática promoveria mudanças comportamentais e incorporaria valores nos alunos e educadores de forma a garantir uma vida sustentável e plena para si e para o meio ambiente. O método utilizado foi o de pesquisa,observação, questionários e entrevistas. Os resultados demonstraram que a Educação Ambiental e Sustentabilidade são...

  9. Haciendas Locales y Medio Ambiente

    OpenAIRE

    Rozas Valdés, José Andrés

    1997-01-01

    Junto a los medios puramente administrativos orientados a la protección del medio ambiente, cada día adquieren mayor protagonismo los que pueden adoptarse desde el ámbito del derecho financiero, del ingreso y gasto públicos. El trabajo se ha estructurado en cuatro apartados: aguas, residuos sólidos, polución atmosférica y contaminación acústica.

  10. Ambient air pollution and semen quality.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nobles, Carrie J; Schisterman, Enrique F; Ha, Sandie; Kim, Keewan; Mumford, Sunni L; Buck Louis, Germaine M; Chen, Zhen; Liu, Danping; Sherman, Seth; Mendola, Pauline

    2018-05-01

    Ambient air pollution is associated with systemic increases in oxidative stress, to which sperm are particularly sensitive. Although decrements in semen quality represent a key mechanism for impaired fecundability, prior research has not established a clear association between air pollution and semen quality. To address this, we evaluated the association between ambient air pollution and semen quality among men with moderate air pollution exposure. Of 501 couples in the LIFE study, 467 male partners provided one or more semen samples. Average residential exposure to criteria air pollutants and fine particle constituents in the 72 days before ejaculation was estimated using modified Community Multiscale Air Quality models. Generalized estimating equation models estimated the association between air pollutants and semen quality parameters (volume, count, percent hypo-osmotic swollen, motility, sperm head, morphology and sperm chromatin parameters). Models adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking and season. Most associations between air pollutants and semen parameters were small. However, associations were observed for an interquartile increase in fine particulates ≤2.5 µm and decreased sperm head size, including -0.22 (95% CI -0.34, -0.11) µm 2 for area, -0.06 (95% CI -0.09, -0.03) µm for length and -0.09 (95% CI -0.19, -0.06) µm for perimeter. Fine particulates were also associated with 1.03 (95% CI 0.40, 1.66) greater percent sperm head with acrosome. Air pollution exposure was not associated with semen quality, except for sperm head parameters. Moderate levels of ambient air pollution may not be a major contributor to semen quality. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  11. Estudios de impacto ambiental y sus tendencias en Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hernández Luis Alfredo

    1994-12-01

    Full Text Available

    Un Estudio de Impacto Ambiental (ElA constituye una herramienta de planificación, ordenamiento y toma de decisiones de las acciones del hombre y/o la naturaleza para preservar o mantener una oferta de bienes naturales para el desarrollo sostenible de la sociedad. El EIA busca identificar, describir, evaluar y controlar los efectos que las acciones del hombre tengan sobre el medio, incluyendo al hombre como el agente principal que induce cambios sobre el ambiente. Antes de 1993 los EIA se caracterizaban por la existencia de una formulación ambiental aceptable en términos de los estudios ecológicos (Artículos 27 y 28 del Decreto Ley 2811 de 1974, 220 dentro del marco de la Ley 23 de 1973 o código de los recursos naturales, no constituían elementos decisorios para proyecto u obras de desarrollo, y eran muy descriptivos, extensos y poco analíticos. El componente socioeconómico no tenía ninguna relación con los elementos de la naturaleza. Además, algunos El A se hacían posteriormente a la ejecución de un proyecto, además de constituir un requisito más dentro de la documentación exigida, no existían consulta ni responsabilidad a nivel de las autoridades del orden territorial, no se consultaba ni educaba a la comunidad sobre los alcances en el espacio y en el tiempo de proyectos u obras. Finalmente, carecían de planes de seguimiento, monitoreo y control. Y no se establecían la reposición o compensación ambiental ni los costos ambientales tenían repercusión en la relación costo-beneficio del proyecto. Actualmente, los EIA tienen connotaciones bien diferentes. Desde el punto de vista institucional, la

  12. Ambient air cooling arrangement having a pre-swirler for gas turbine engine blade cooling

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Ching-Pang; Tham, Kok-Mun; Schroeder, Eric; Meeroff, Jamie; Miller, Jr., Samuel R; Marra, John J

    2015-01-06

    A gas turbine engine including: an ambient-air cooling circuit (10) having a cooling channel (26) disposed in a turbine blade (22) and in fluid communication with a source (12) of ambient air: and an pre-swirler (18), the pre-swirler having: an inner shroud (38); an outer shroud (56); and a plurality of guide vanes (42), each spanning from the inner shroud to the outer shroud. Circumferentially adjacent guide vanes (46, 48) define respective nozzles (44) there between. Forces created by a rotation of the turbine blade motivate ambient air through the cooling circuit. The pre-swirler is configured to impart swirl to ambient air drawn through the nozzles and to direct the swirled ambient air toward a base of the turbine blade. The end walls (50, 54) of the pre-swirler may be contoured.

  13. Hanford 200 East Area ambient NO/sub x/ concentrations, February 1968 through February 1969

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ramsdell, J.V.

    1981-09-01

    Ambient concentrations of oxides of nitrogen (NO/sub x/) were measured in the vicinity of the 200 East Area of Hanford from late February 1968 through February 1969. This report contains an analysis of the complete set to document the ambient NO/sub x/ concentrations during time periods when the Purex Plant was emitting NO/sub x/. It is not intended to represent either current ambient NO/sub x/ concentrations or concentrations during Purex Plant operation in the future. However, it does provide a reference for use in comparison of ambient NO/sub x/ concentrations during future periods of Purex emissions with those occurring in past periods. It is also of interest to compare the annual average concentrations estimated from the measurements with the national primary ambient air quality standard for NO 2 , which is 50 parts per billion (ppb) annual arithmetic mean

  14. La contaminación ambiental en el derecho alimentario

    OpenAIRE

    Mondéjar Pedreño, Remedios

    2016-01-01

    El contenido de esta Tesis Doctoral es un análisis de la interrelación entre el Derecho Alimentario europeo y el Derecho ambiental, y en particular del Derecho del medio ambiente, en la legislación alimentaria europea. Para ello nuestro estudio se centra en el Reglamento (CE) 178/2002, del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 28 de enero de 2002, que es el pilar fundamental del Derecho Alimentario de la Unión Europea. En su extenso título, esta disposición informa sobre el triple contenido de...

  15. Impactos del turismo en el medio ambiente de huanchaco

    OpenAIRE

    Zavaleta Alfaro, María Sixtina

    2007-01-01

    Se analiza los impactos negativos del turismo sobre el medio ambiente de la Bahía de Huanchaco, previamente se evalúa el flujo de visitantes, la oferta turística en cuanto a recursos naturales, culturales y planta o infraestructura (hoteles, restaurantes, otros). Se incide en al generación de residuos sólidos domésticos, calidad del agua, transporte, deterioro de ecosistema de humedales (calidad ambiental) y se analiza la opinión o percepción del turista a través de una encuesta. Los resulta...

  16. 77 FR 30087 - Air Quality Designations for the 2008 Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-05-21

    ... and 81 Air Quality Designations for the 2008 Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards; Implementation of the 2008 National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Ozone: Nonattainment Area Classifications...-9668-2] RIN 2060-AP37 Air Quality Designations for the 2008 Ozone National Ambient Air Quality...

  17. Cooling system with compressor bleed and ambient air for gas turbine engine

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marsh, Jan H.; Marra, John J.

    2017-11-21

    A cooling system for a turbine engine for directing cooling fluids from a compressor to a turbine blade cooling fluid supply and from an ambient air source to the turbine blade cooling fluid supply to supply cooling fluids to one or more airfoils of a rotor assembly is disclosed. The cooling system may include a compressor bleed conduit extending from a compressor to the turbine blade cooling fluid supply that provides cooling fluid to at least one turbine blade. The compressor bleed conduit may include an upstream section and a downstream section whereby the upstream section exhausts compressed bleed air through an outlet into the downstream section through which ambient air passes. The outlet of the upstream section may be generally aligned with a flow of ambient air flowing in the downstream section. As such, the compressed air increases the flow of ambient air to the turbine blade cooling fluid supply.

  18. Estudio de impacto ambiental Expost y el plan de manejo ambiental para el Batallón de Infantería 19 Carchi

    OpenAIRE

    Quezada Yaguache, Galo Efrén

    2016-01-01

    La realización del proyecto, estudio de impacto ambiental Expost y Plan de Manejo Ambiental para el Batallón de Infantería 19 Carchi, contempló acciones previas donde se estableció información relevante en base a características Físicas y microbiológicas del agua, para lo cual se realizaron pruebas de laboratorio en la cual se obtuvo impactos negativos despreciables en el componente Abiótico o biótico de tal manera que serán mitigados en las diferentes acciones propuestas en el plan de manejo...

  19. Gerencia de proyectos en el contexto del periodismo ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosa Isabel Patiño Flórez

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available El artículo presenta los retos que tiene el periodismo ambiental como dinamizador de los procesos de transformación social, de cambio en las representaciones sociales de la población y en el análisis de los efectos e impactos de la actividad humana sobre el ambiente y el bienestar de la comunidad desde la perspectiva de la ciencia y la tecnologia. A su vez, plantea elementos de reflexión sobre el desarrollo de la competencia investigativa en los periodistas, que les permita desarrollar su papel en función de generar capacidades en las personas para la autogestión, la participación y las deciciones sobre la sostenibilidad del planeta. Introduce conceptos relacionados la con gerencia de proyectos y pondera el talento humano, la clave del éxito. Describe cada una de las fases del ciclo de vida del proyecto y en las conclusiones presentala experiencia del convenio firmado entre la Corporación Autónoma Regional de los Valles del Sinú y del San Jorge - CVS y la Red Colombiana de Formación Ambiental - RCFA, con el propósito de fortalecer la cultura ambiental ciudadana en las comunidadesdel Departamento de Córdoba, a través del convenio. Cualifìcación del Recurso Humano para el Fortalecimiento de los Procesos de Educación no Formal, mediante la puesta en marcha de dos componentes: 1. Obtención de alianzas o acuerdos orientados al mejoramiento y a la sostenibilidad de los espacios públicos en tres áreas estratégicas de Montería; 2. Realización de un diplomado en periodismo ambiental dirigido a comunicadores sociales del departamento de Córdoba.

  20. RADIONUCLIDE TRANSPORT MODELS UNDER AMBIENT CONDITIONS

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    S. Magnuson

    2004-11-01

    The purpose of this model report is to document the unsaturated zone (UZ) radionuclide transport model, which evaluates, by means of three-dimensional numerical models, the transport of radioactive solutes and colloids in the UZ, under ambient conditions, from the repository horizon to the water table at Yucca Mountain, Nevada.

  1. Rayleigh wave tomography in North-China from ambient seismic noise

    OpenAIRE

    Fang, Lihua

    2010-01-01

    2008/2009 The theory and methodology of ambient noise tomography has been studied and applied to North-China successfully. Continuous vertical-component seismograms, spanning the period from January 1, 2007 to February 28, 2008 recorded by 190 broadband stations and 10 very broadband stations, have been used. The cross correlation technique has been applied to ambient noise data recorded by North-China Seismic Array for each station pairs of the array. Rayleigh wave group ve...

  2. Enfermagem e saúde ambiental na escola Enfermeria y salud ambiental en la escuela Nursing and environmental health in schools

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eveline Pinheiro Beserra

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever e analisar os significados atribuídos por um grupo de adolescente à saúde ambiental. MÉTODOS: Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, descritivo, exploratório, que utilizou a pesquisa-ação em uma escola pública do interior do Ceará, que se encontra nas proximidades da construção de uma usina termoelétrica a carvão mineral. Foram utilizados a observação livre, o diário de campo e a abordagem grupal, esta por meio da técnica do desenho história com tema, tendo como eixo norteador a questão: O que você entende como saúde ambiental? RESULTADOS: Emergiram discussões a respeito da interferência do homem na natureza, malefícios das fábricas, desenvolvimento sustentável e risco da poluição na comunidade. CONCLUSÃO: Constatou-se que o enfermeiro pode ser um educador ambiental e atuar nesse espaço, favorecendo momentos de reflexão sobre ações comprometidas com o lócus socioambiental.OBJETIVO: Describir y analizar los significados atribuídos por un grupo de adolescentes a la salud ambiental. MÉTODOS: Estudio con abordaje cualitativo, descriptivo, exploratorio, en el que se usó la investigación acción en una Escuela pública del interior de Ceará, ubicada en las proximidades de la construcción de una usina termoeléctrica a carbón mineral. Fueron utilizados la observación libre, el diario de campo y el abordaje grupal, esta última por medio de la técnica del dibujo de una historia con tema, teniendo como eje norteador la pregunta: ¿Qué entiende ud.como salud ambiental? RESULTADOS: Emergieron discusiones respecto a la interferencia del hombre en la naturaleza, daño de las fábricas, desarrollo sustentable y riesgo de contaminación en la comunidad. CONCLUSIÓN: Se constató que el enfermero puede ser un educador ambiental y actuar en ese espacio, favoreciendo momentos de reflexión sobre acciones comprometidas con el locus socioambiental.OBJECTIVE: To describe and analyze the meanings attributed by

  3. ETAPAS DO LICENCIAMENTO AMBIENTAL CORRETIVO DE UMA INDÚSTRIA DE PORTAS DE MADEIRA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    João Augusto Cardoso

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho descreve as atividades desenvolvidas por uma empresa de Consultoria Ambiental com enfoque no Licenciamento Ambiental Corretivo de uma indústria de portas de madeira, situada no município de Presidente Getúlio - SC. A indústria se encontra em atividade desde 1986, e até hoje sem o devido licenciamento. Após ser autuada com uma multa aplicada pelo órgão ambiental estadual (FATMA, a empresa procurou de imediato se adequar quanto às normas aplicáveis ao licenciamento e assim continuar suas atividades em conformidade com o ordenamento jurídico ambiental. Desta forma, faz-se aqui uma abordagem com os principais pontos críticos confirmados em vistoria, apresentando as mudanças necessárias e o os procedimentos técnicos administrativos do licenciamento em questão. Também são descritos os procedimentos necessários para obtenção da Certidão de Conformidade Ambiental junto à prefeitura.

  4. El Rol de la Actitud Ambiental de los Directores en el Desempeño Ambiental de la Empresa-Edición Única

    OpenAIRE

    Alfredo Figarola Figarola

    2006-01-01

    El presente estudio tuvo la finalidad de demostrar que las actitudes ambientales positivas (enfocadas a la prevención de la contaminación) y el comportamiento de los directores de las pequeñas y medianas empresas mexicanas mejoran el desempeño ambiental de la organización ante el nuevo contexto de desarrollo económico, social y ambiental que no es otra cosa más que el mismo Desarrollo Sostenible: Satisfacer las necesidades del presente sin comprometer la satisfacción de las necesidades de las...

  5. Esquema de evaluación para instrumentos de política ambiental

    OpenAIRE

    Mariana Bobadilla; Martha Ileana Espejel Carbajal; Francisco Lara Valencia; Saul Álvarez Borrego; Sophie Ávila Foucat; José Luis Fermán Almada

    2013-01-01

    La evaluación de la política ambiental ha avanzado lentamente en México por varias razones que incluyen la novedad y rápida evolución de los instrumentos de política ambiental; la complejidad de los problemas ambientales y la inexistencia de modelos de evaluación estandarizados para los evaluadores de dicha política. Este artículo propone un esquema metodológico para la evaluación en tres etapas de los instrumentos de política ambiental. El método identifica la funcionalidad del instrumento d...

  6. Effects of high ambient temperature on urea-nitrogen recycling in lactating dairy cows.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Obitsu, Taketo; Kamiya, Mitsuru; Kamiya, Yuko; Tanaka, Masahito; Sugino, Toshihisa; Taniguchi, Kohzo

    2011-08-01

    Effects of exposure to hot environment on urea metabolism were studied in lactating Holstein cows. Four cows were fed ad libitum a total mixed ration and housed in a temperature-controlled chamber at constant moderate (18°C) or high (28°C) ambient temperatures in a cross-over design. Urea nitrogen (N) kinetics was measured by determining urea isotopomer in urine after single injection of [(15) N(2) ]urea into the jugular vein. Both dry matter intake and milk yield were decreased under high ambient temperature. Intakes of total N and digestible N were decreased under high ambient temperature but urinary urea-N excretion was increased. The ratio of urea-N production to digestible N was increased, whereas the proportion of gut urea-N entry to urea-N production tended to be decreased under high ambient temperature. Neither return to the ornithine cycle, anabolic use nor fecal excretion of urea-N recycled to the gut was affected by ambient temperature. Under high ambient temperature, renal clearance of plasma urea was not affected but the gut clearance was decreased. Increase of urea-N production and reduction of gut urea-N entry, in relative terms, were associated with increased urinary urea-N excretion of lactating dairy cows in higher thermal environments. 2011 The Authors. Animal Science Journal © 2011 Japanese Society of Animal Science.

  7. CLASIFICACION MÚLTIPLE DE ITEMS Y LAS REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES SOBRE AMBIENTE EN PROFESORES RURALES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jennifer León Acosta

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo se deriva del proyecto de investigación: «Transformación de las representaciones sociales sobre el ambiente en relación con las prácticas y experiencias pedagógicas de maestros rurales de Sumapaz y Ciudad Bolívar », con el cual se pretenden identificar algunas representaciones sociales, en torno al ambiente, de dos grupos de profesores rurales de Bogotá D.C., Colombia. Se desarrolló en dos Instituciones Educativas Rurales: Gimnasio del Campo Juan de la Cruz Varela (Sumapaz y Colegio Rural Quiba Alta (Ciudad Bolívar, y se utilizó una entrevista de tipo semiestructurada, desarrollada mediante la técnica Clasificación Múltiple de Ítems (CMI. El análisis se efectuó a través de categorías previas, tomadas de las tipologías de ambiente propuestas por Sauvé y Orellana (2002. A partir de lo anterior, se pudieron identificar categorías comunes y particulares para cada grupo de profesores. Fueron comunes: ambiente como medio de vida y naturaleza; y, particulares: contexto, paisaje, biosfera, proyecto comunitario -para Sumapaz-, sistema y territorio -para Ciudad Bolívar-. En conclusión, se evidenció que los profesores tienen una tendencia analítica sobre el ambiente; que existen diversas representaciones sociales de ambiente, las cuales guardan relación con su quehacer profesional, su cotidianidad y su contexto; que hay convergencias en las categorías, ya que se identifica el ambiente como medio de subsistencia y medio natural que les rodea. Es por esto que, posiblemente, tienen dificultades para interrelacionar diferentes elementos del ambiente.

  8. ambientes de aprendizaje en línea

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Gertrudis López

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo describe la base interdisciplinaria entre el diseño instruccional y la ingeniería de software de un Sistema Generador de Ambientes de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje (AMBAR, una herramienta Web que permite a profesores y aprendices elaborar y participar en procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje constructivistas basados en Objetos de Aprendizaje reusables (OA. Se presenta la base conceptual de AMBAR, la cual incluye las definiciones y caracterizaciones de OA y sus repositorios, las teorías de aprendizaje constructivistas en las que se basa, como el Aprendizaje Generativo y la Teoría de la Flexibilidad Cognitiva, los estándares como SCORM e IMS Learning Design, y la visión de Web Semánticas. Para el desarrollo de AMBAR se está utilizando un método Orientado a Objetos basado en el Lenguaje Unificado de Modelado (UML y se están combinado metodologías propias del diseño instruccional con las de la ingeniería de Software, dentro de una visión interdisciplinaria. Actualmente, se cuenta con el primer prototipo del repositorio de OA, una ontología que permitirá la incorporación de mecanismos inteligentes de guía al usuario para la construcción asistida de los ambientes de aprendizaje, y un generador de Ambientes de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje basados en las estrategias de formación de conceptos (Conceptool.

  9. Ambient ultraviolet radiation causes mortality in salamander eggs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Blaustein, A.R.; Edmond, B.; Kiesecker, J.M.

    1995-01-01

    Previous research has shown that amphibian species have differential sensitivity to ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation. In some anuran species, ambient levels of UV-B cause mortality in embryonic stages and hatching success is significantly reduced. Projected increases in UV-B may affect an increasing number of species. The adverse effects of UV-B may eventually be manifested at the population level and may ultimately contribute to population declines. Using field experiments, we investigated the effects of ambient UV-B on salamander (Ambystoma gracile) embryos developing at natural oviposition sites. We show that the hatching success of eggs of A. gracile shielded from UV-B is significantly higher than those not shielded from UV-B. 27 refs., 1 fig

  10. Ambient Volatility of Triethyl Phosphate

    Science.gov (United States)

    2017-08-01

    of materials is predictable using Raoult’s law. This report details the measurement of the effect of water vapor partial pressure on the volatility...empirical correlation taking into account nonideal behavior was developed to enable estimation of TEPO volatility at any combination of ambient...of the second component is expected to be one-half as much as in the absence of water vapor. Similarly, the measured volatility of the second

  11. Ambiente psicologico en las organizaciones

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Damarcy Cortés Baracaldo

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available El talento humano en las organizaciones se ha convertido en las ultimas decadas en un recurso que se administra de acuerdo al estilo de liderazgo del jefe, lo que implica una marcada relación hacia la tarea, hacia las relaciones con el personal o una combinación de estas dos, que desencadenan en un ambiente psicológico exclusive en cada organización.

  12. Superconducting Open-Framework Allotrope of Silicon at Ambient Pressure

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sung, Ha-Jun; Han, W. H.; Lee, In-Ho; Chang, K. J.

    2018-04-01

    Diamond Si is a semiconductor with an indirect band gap that is the basis of modern semiconductor technology. Although many metastable forms of Si were observed using diamond anvil cells for compression and chemical precursors for synthesis, no metallic phase at ambient conditions has been reported thus far. Here we report the prediction of pure metallic Si allotropes with open channels at ambient pressure, unlike a cubic diamond structure in covalent bonding networks. The metallic phase termed P 6 /m -Si6 can be obtained by removing Na after pressure release from a novel Na-Si clathrate called P 6 /m -NaSi6 , which is predicted through first-principles study at high pressure. We identify that both P 6 /m -NaSi6 and P 6 /m -Si6 are stable and superconducting with the critical temperatures of about 13 and 12 K at ambient pressure, respectively. The prediction of new Na-Si and Si clathrate structures presents the possibility of exploring new exotic allotropes useful for Si-based devices.

  13. Densification of silica glass at ambient pressure

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zheng Lianqing; An Qi; Fu Rongshan; Ni Sidao; Luo, S.-N.

    2006-01-01

    We show that densification of silica glass at ambient pressure as observed in irradiation experiments can be attributed to defect generation and subsequent structure relaxation. In our molecular dynamics simulations, defects are created by randomly removing atoms, by displacing atoms from their nominal positions in an otherwise intact glass, and by assigning certain atom excess kinetic energy (simulated ion implantation). The former forms vacancies; displacing atoms and ion implantation produce both vacancies and 'interstitials'. Appreciable densification is induced by these defects after equilibration of the defective glasses. The structural and vibrational properties of the densified glasses are characterized, displaying resembling features regardless of the means of densification. These results indicate that relaxation of high free-energy defects into metastable amorphous structures enriched in atomic coordination serves as a common mechanism for densification of silica glass at ambient pressure

  14. Ambient Noise Green's Function Simulation of Long-Period Ground Motions for Reverse Faulting

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miyake, H.; Beroza, G. C.

    2009-12-01

    Long-time correlation of ambient seismic noise has been demonstrated as a useful tool for strong ground motion prediction [Prieto and Beroza, 2008]. An important advantage of ambient noise Green's functions is that they can be used for ground motion simulation without resorting to either complex 3-D velocity structure to develop theoretical Green’s functions, or aftershock records for empirical Green’s function analysis. The station-to-station approach inherent to ambient noise Green’s functions imposes some limits to its application, since they are band-limited, applied at the surface, and for a single force. We explore the applicability of this method to strong motion prediction using the 2007 Chuetsu-oki, Japan, earthquake (Mw 6.6, depth = 9 km), which excited long-period ground motions in and around the Kanto basin almost 200 km from the epicenter. We test the performance of ambient noise Green's function for long-period ground motion simulation. We use three components of F-net broadband data at KZK station, which is located near the source region, as a virtual source, and three components of six F-net stations in and around the Kanto basin to calculate the response. An advantage to applying this approach in Japan is that ambient-noise sources are active in diverse directions. The dominant period of the ambient noise for the F-net datasets is mostly 7 s over the year, and amplitudes are largest in winter. This period matches the dominant periods of the Kanto and Niigata basins. For the 9 components of the ambient noise Green’s functions, we have confirmed long-period components corresponding to Love wave and Rayleigh waves that can be used for simulation of the 2007 Chuetsu-oki earthquake. The relative amplitudes, phases, and durations of the ambient noise Green’s functions at the F-net stations in and around the Kanto basin respect to F-net KZK station are fairly well matched with those of the observed ground motions for the 2007 Chuetsu

  15. Experiências de um programa em educação ambiental: sustentabilidade e meio ambiente no colégio municipal professora América Aballa, Rio das Ostras, RJ

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Armindo Santos Neto

    2014-02-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo aborda sustentabilidade e meio ambiente. O Colégio Municipal Professora América Abdalla recebeu a proposta buscando obter resultados concretos,ciente de que tal prática promoveria mudanças comportamentais e incorporaria valores nos alunos e educadores de forma a garantir uma vida sustentável e plena para si e para o meio ambiente. O método utilizado foi o de pesquisa,observação, questionários e entrevistas. Os resultados demonstraram que a Educação Ambiental e Sustentabilidade são pouco abordadas pelos professores.

  16. UNA ESTRATEGIA DE EDUCACION AMBIENTAL EN LA ESCUELA DENOMINADA “ZOOM EN MI ENTORNO”

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Oscar Hernando García Cadena

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available La estrategia de educación ambiental en la escuela titulada “Zoom en mi entorno”, surge como una alternativa para retomar el ámbito ambiental desde una perspectiva diferente a la tradicional, buscando que los estudiantes construyan producciones audiovisuales y diseñen herramientas visuales que generen en la comunidad educativa conciencia frente al manejo de los recursos de su entorno inmediato. Particularmente se buscó establecer sentido de pertenencia y apropiación del ambiente, desde la idea que todos podemos ser superhéroes ambientales en la sociedad en la que vivimos.   La estrategia se desarrolló en una línea, que se venía abordando en la institución años atrás llamada “el ambiente desde la comunicación” en la que se propuso el diseño de herramientas audiovisuales ligadas a la visión ambiental de la comunidad (Duarte, et al., 2013.  Sin embargo a medida que la propuesta se ha desarrollado se ha centrado en la construcción de recursos audiovisuales y visuales en busca de propiciar una educación ambiental diferente a la tradicional, que permita el cuidado y reconocimiento del entorno.    De esta manera, se ha planteado la construcción de una propuesta de innovación cuya idea se ha centrado en el diseño e implementación de estrategias que propicien la educación ambiental, desde el reconocimiento de sus problemáticas ambientales, la identificación de su entorno y la utilización de los medios de comunicación y las redes sociales para el cuidado del ambiente, cuyo objetivo gira en la  transformación de la manera de llevar el mensaje del cuidado del ambiente, realizándolo por medios audiovisuales y visuales llamativos para los miembros de la comunidad.

  17. Games and Entertainment in Ambient Intelligence Environments

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Nijholt, Antinus; Reidsma, Dennis; Poppe, Ronald Walter; Aghajan, H.; López-Cózar Delgado, R.; Augusto, J.C.

    2009-01-01

    In future ambient intelligence (AmI) environments we assume intelligence embedded in the environment and its objects (floors, furniture, mobile robots). These environments support their human inhabitants in their activities and interactions by perceiving them through sensors (proximity sensors,

  18. La Educación Ambiental en escolares con retraso mental:

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maritza Jiménez Rustán

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Se abordan aspectos relacionados con la Educación Ambiental a los agentes comunitarios que inciden en la formación de la personalidad de los escolares con discapacidad intelectual. Las acciones están orientadas a organizar, planificar y evaluar procedimientos que permitan adiestrar a las comunidades de escolares con retraso mental en alcanzar interés en la protección del medio ambiente, respetando sus características psicopedagógicas.

  19. Enhancing Safety of Artificially Ventilated Patients Using Ambient Process Analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lins, Christian; Gerka, Alexander; Lüpkes, Christian; Röhrig, Rainer; Hein, Andreas

    2018-01-01

    In this paper, we present an approach for enhancing the safety of artificially ventilated patients using ambient process analysis. We propose to use an analysis system consisting of low-cost ambient sensors such as power sensor, RGB-D sensor, passage detector, and matrix infrared temperature sensor to reduce risks for artificially ventilated patients in both home and clinical environments. We describe the system concept and our implementation and show how the system can contribute to patient safety.

  20. On the Reference State for Exergy when Ambient Temperature Fluctuates

    OpenAIRE

    Michel Pons

    2009-01-01

    Exergy (availability) is the amount of mechanical work that could be produced by reversible processes. This notion is revisited in the case when ambient temperature fluctuates. Simple examples are first considered, and then a theoretical approach is developed. It results that the most reliable way for combining entropy and total energy into an exergy function is a linear combination where entropy is multiplied by a constant temperature. It results that ambient air has non-zero exergy, but tha...

  1. Propuestas para el Plan Nacional de Salud y Medio Ambiente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José María Ordóñez Iriarte

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available De acuerdo con las estrategias internacionales en materia de salud y medio ambiente, los Ministerios de Sanidad y de Medio Ambiente pusieron en marcha en 2007 los mecanismos necesarios para la elaboración del Plan Nacional de Salud y Medio Ambiente. El primer paso ha sido la firma de un acuerdo de encomienda de gestión con el Instituto de Salud Carlos III para que éste diseñara las bases sobre las que sustentar el plan. El comité científico creado al efecto ha redactado un informe de bases para lo que ha contado con el concurso de un nutrido grupo de expertos. Las propuestas que se recogen en el informe constituyen el contenido del presente trabajo. Las propuestas hacen referencia a los ítems considerados prioritarios en la Estrategia Europea de Medio Ambiente y Salud, es decir, cáncer, alteraciones endocrinas, trastornos del desarrollo neurológico y enfermedades respiratorias, y se organizan en torno a los principales factores de riesgo ambiental para la salud: agua, compuestos químicos tóxicos persistentes, campos electromagnéticos, radicaciones ionizantes, ruido y cambio climático y temperaturas extremas. Para dar consistencia al plan se señalan algunas medidas imprescindibles que aseguren su viabilidad administrativa, política, técnica y financiera. Para darle coherencia, se arbitran unas líneas prioritarias comunes y unas estrategias metodológicas compatibles. Para darle forma, se señalan los programas nacionales que deberán implementarse y que deberán basarse en esa consistencia y coherencia. Más que entrar a concretar lo que se debe hacer —materia propia del futuro plan—, el informe señala cómo se debe hacer para lograr resultados exitosos.

  2. Modelo de sistema de gestión ambiental para formar universidades ambientalmente sostenibles en Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    Rivas Marin, Maria Isabel

    2011-01-01

    Los campus sostenibles han llegado a ser uno de los principales objetivos de las agendas universitarias como resultado de los impactos generados por las actividades que allí se desarrollan y que afectan el medio ambiente. Por ello, existen sistemas de gestión ambiental, los cuales son el conjunto de prácticas, procedimientos, procesos y recursos necesarios para cumplir con una normativa ambiental en las empresas y están enfocados a la reducción de los impactos sobre el medio ambiente y a la e...

  3. Characterization of the natural ambient sound environment : Measurements in open agricultural grassland

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Boersma, HF

    The audibility of manmade sound in a natural environment is affected because of masking by ambient sound. In this report results are presented of measurements of the level and spectral composition of natural ambient sound. The statistical L-95 level was determined, i.e., the sound pressure level

  4. Dynamical cognitive services for ambient intelligence environments

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Acampora, G.; Loia, V.; Lee, C.-S.; Wang, M.-H.

    2009-01-01

    Ambient Intelligence systems are more than a simple integration among computer technologies, indeed, their design can strongly depend upon psychology and social sciences aspects describing, analyzing and forecasting the human being status during the system's decision making. Consequently, if from a

  5. La educación ambiental en el marco de los foros internacionales: una alternativa de desarrollo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Beatriz Olivia Camarena Gómez

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se presenta una breve caracterización del problema ambiental contemporáneo y se esboza el desarrollo de la educación ambiental en el marco delos foros internacionales. Se reconoce laimportancia de trabajar en la conformación de una sociedad civil informada, consciente y organizada. Esto implica identificar y analizar las condiciones reales de asimilación del saber ambiental dentro de los paradigmas legitimados del conocimiento; y en el terreno educativo, identificar los métodos pedagógicos que faciliten la transmisión de ese saber ambiental en construcción. En el primer apartado se define el problema ambiental y se alude al principio de la complejidad por el importante papel que éste juega en su abordaje y tratamiento; también, se destaca la procedencia de cierta conceptualización que liga el análisis de la problemática ambiental a las connotaciones amplias de los términos medio ambiente global y crisis de conocimiento. Después, se pasa lista a los foros internacionales efectuados entre las décadas de los setenta y los noventa que colocaron la educación ambiental como tema central en sus agendas de trabajo para señalar algunas de las propuestas y principios educativos emanados de estos eventos. Por último, se bosqueja el escenario de la educación ambiental en México y algunos comentarios finales.

  6. Towards full waveform ambient noise inversion

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sager, Korbinian; Ermert, Laura; Boehm, Christian; Fichtner, Andreas

    2018-01-01

    In this work we investigate fundamentals of a method—referred to as full waveform ambient noise inversion—that improves the resolution of tomographic images by extracting waveform information from interstation correlation functions that cannot be used without knowing the distribution of noise sources. The fundamental idea is to drop the principle of Green function retrieval and to establish correlation functions as self-consistent observables in seismology. This involves the following steps: (1) We introduce an operator-based formulation of the forward problem of computing correlation functions. It is valid for arbitrary distributions of noise sources in both space and frequency, and for any type of medium, including 3-D elastic, heterogeneous and attenuating media. In addition, the formulation allows us to keep the derivations independent of time and frequency domain and it facilitates the application of adjoint techniques, which we use to derive efficient expressions to compute first and also second derivatives. The latter are essential for a resolution analysis that accounts for intra- and interparameter trade-offs. (2) In a forward modelling study we investigate the effect of noise sources and structure on different observables. Traveltimes are hardly affected by heterogeneous noise source distributions. On the other hand, the amplitude asymmetry of correlations is at least to first order insensitive to unmodelled Earth structure. Energy and waveform differences are sensitive to both structure and the distribution of noise sources. (3) We design and implement an appropriate inversion scheme, where the extraction of waveform information is successively increased. We demonstrate that full waveform ambient noise inversion has the potential to go beyond ambient noise tomography based on Green function retrieval and to refine noise source location, which is essential for a better understanding of noise generation. Inherent trade-offs between source and structure

  7. Radionuclide Transport Models Under Ambient Conditions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Moridis, G.; Hu, Q.

    2001-01-01

    The purpose of Revision 00 of this Analysis/Model Report (AMR) is to evaluate (by means of 2-D semianalytical and 3-D numerical models) the transport of radioactive solutes and colloids in the unsaturated zone (UZ) under ambient conditions from the potential repository horizon to the water table at Yucca Mountain (YM), Nevada

  8. Profiling quinones in ambient air samples collected from the Athabasca region (Canada).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wnorowski, Andrzej; Charland, Jean-Pierre

    2017-12-01

    This paper presents new findings on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon oxidation products-quinones that were collected in ambient air samples in the proximity of oil sands exploration. Quinones were characterized for their diurnal concentration variability, phase partitioning, and molecular size distribution. Gas-phase (GP) and particle-phase (PM) ambient air samples were collected separately in the summer; a lower quinone content was observed in the PM samples from continuous 24-h sampling than from combined 12-h sampling (day and night). The daytime/nocturnal samples demonstrated that nighttime conditions led to lower concentrations and some quinones not being detected. The highest quinone levels were associated with wind directions originating from oil sands exploration sites. The statistical correlation with primary pollutants directly emitted from oil sands industrial activities indicated that the bulk of the detected quinones did not originate directly from primary emission sources and that quinone formation paralleled a reduction in primary source NO x levels. This suggests a secondary chemical transformation of primary pollutants as the origin of the determined quinones. Measurements of 19 quinones included five that have not previously been reported in ambient air or in Standard Reference Material 1649a/1649b and seven that have not been previously measured in ambient air in the underivatized form. This is the first paper to report on quinone characterization in secondary organic aerosols originating from oil sands activities, to distinguish chrysenequinone and anthraquinone positional isomers in ambient air, and to report the requirement of daylight conditions for benzo[a]pyrenequinone and naphthacenequinone to be present in ambient air. Crown Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  9. La salud y el medio ambiente, un tema bioético

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana María Cid-Elorriaga

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: evidenciar la importancia del pensamiento bioético para el cuidado del medio ambiente y la vida del ser humano. Desarrollo: se revisaron los conceptos de salud, medio ambiente, problema ambiental, ecología y bioética destacándose la evolución de esta última a través del desarrollo social y se citan los análisis y la preocupación de grandes pensadores con respecto al tema. Se expone como se ha manifestado la concientización y las medidas tomadas a nivel global y en Cuba por el cambio climático ocasionado por el maltrato y deterioro de la naturaleza en su conjunto. Se comentan las afectaciones que pronostican el cambio climático sobre el medio ambiente y la salud humana. Se analiza la importancia del conocimiento de la bioética en este conflicto. Conclusiones: es importante que el personal médico se apodere de conocimientos ambientalistas a partir del dominio de la bioética, para con ello influir en la creación de una conciencia social ecológica que ayude a preservar la salud humana.

  10. A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL ATRAVÉS DO TURISMO PEDAGÓGICO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aline Beatriz Pacheco Carvalho

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Atividades como viagens de estudos e visitas guiadas mostram-se efetivas ao despertar a atenção das pessoas para os problemas decorrentes da degradação do meio ambiente. Neste sentido, o turismo pedagógico, integrando educação e conservação da Natureza, parece ser uma estratégia positiva e capaz de contribuir para a transformação do sujeito a partir da sensibilização para as questões ambientais. Considerando este contexto, o trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar algumas propostas educativas resultantes de um projeto de turismo pedagógico que visou incorporar a educação ambiental em suas práticas. As ações ocorreram entre 2014 e 2017 na sede do Centro de Estudos Ambientais Eco-Terrenão, no município de Glorinha, Rio Grande do Sul. O turismo pedagógico pode, de fato, complementar a educação ambiental ao promover a integração do sujeito com a natureza, através do reconhecimento do meio e da percepção ambiental.

  11. A design of ambient dose equivalent dosimeter and its dosimetric performance

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhao Shian; Ou Xiangming; Li Kaibao

    1997-01-01

    Objective: To design an ambient dose equivalent dosimeter with digital display for radiation protection, which is based on the definition of the new operational radiation quantity for environmental monitoring-ambient dose equivalent recommended by the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) Report 39. Methods: Considering the energy response of the instrument, the inner wall of ionizing chamber is coated with gum graphite added with a bit of metal powder. Results: Using this chamber, measurement of H * (10) for photon radiation with unknown spectrum distribution is possible in the energy range from 47 keV to 230 keV with an uncertainty of better than 5%. The configuration, technology and dosimetric performance of the chamber and automatic functions of the reader are presented. Conclusion: The ambient dose equivalent dosimeter can be used as not only a working reference dosimeter, but also a field dosimeter for radiation protection because the readings are expressed directly in ambient dose equivalent and averaged automatically in the period of measurement. Also, its power is supplied by battery for the portable purpose and the readings are displayed on the screen with light-background for dim field

  12. Effect of molecular weight and density of ambient gas on shock wave in laser-induced surface nanostructuring

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Guo Liying; Wang Xinwei

    2009-01-01

    This paper presents the results of molecular dynamics studies about the shock wave during laser-induced surface nanostructuring. A quasi-three dimensional model is constructed to study systems consisting of over 2 million atoms. Detailed studies are carried out about the shock wave front and Mach number, evolution of plume and ambient gas interaction zone, and energy exchange between the ambient gas and plume. Under an ambience of lower pressure or lighter molecular mass, the plume affects a larger area while the strength of the shock wave front is weaker. With the same ambient pressure, the ablated material features the same kinetic energy at the late stage regardless of the molecular weight of the ambient gas. The same conclusion holds for the energy increase of the ambient gas as well. When the ambient pressure is reduced, more kinetic energy is carried out by the ablated material while less energy is transferred to the ambient gas. It is observed that heavier ambient gas could bounce back the ablated material to the target surface.

  13. EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL E A SUSTENTABILIDADE DO CERRADO

    OpenAIRE

    Freire, Arnaldo Cardoso; FACULDADE ARAGUAIA

    2013-01-01

    O presente artigo traz uma reflexão sobre a Educação Ambiental e sua contribuição para asustentabilidade do bioma cerrado, discutindo seu conceito, sua evolução, seus objetivos, etemas de estudo. Buscando compreender como se da o surgimento de uma consciênciaambiental e se ela pode ser estabelecida a partir de uma disciplina específica de meioambiente ou por qualquer forma de ensino que possa ser inserida. E de que forma a EducaçãoAmbiental contribui par a redução das agressões constantes sof...

  14. Applications of ambient mass spectrometry in high-throughput screening.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Li-Ping; Feng, Bao-Sheng; Yang, Jian-Wang; Chang, Cui-Lan; Bai, Yu; Liu, Hu-Wei

    2013-06-07

    The development of rapid screening and identification techniques is of great importance for drug discovery, doping control, forensic identification, food safety and quality control. Ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) allows rapid and direct analysis of various samples in open air with little sample preparation. Recently, its applications in high-throughput screening have been in rapid progress. During the past decade, various ambient ionization techniques have been developed and applied in high-throughput screening. This review discusses typical applications of AMS, including DESI (desorption electrospray ionization), DART (direct analysis in real time), EESI (extractive electrospray ionization), etc., in high-throughput screening (HTS).

  15. Revista educomunicativa que promueva la conservación ambiental

    OpenAIRE

    Bermúdez Galarza, Pamela Lucía

    2008-01-01

    En estos últimos años, hemos podido observar que la contaminación de los ríos, aire y suelo es cada vez mayor, pues el ser humano ha ido destruyendo la naturaleza; así tenemos: el botar desperdicios en las calles, quebradas, etc., con lo que ha demostrado su falta de cuidado y educación ambiental; provocando de esta manera efectos nocivos para el medio ambiente como los incendios forestales, la tala indiscriminada de árboles, entre otros. Y es que con la acción de cada individuo, se está prod...

  16. Ambient ultraviolet radiation induces protective responses in soybean but does not attenuate indirect defense

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Winter, Thorsten R.; Rostas, Michael

    2008-01-01

    We investigated the effects of ambient ultraviolet (UV) radiation on (i) the performance and chemistry of soybean plants, (ii) the performance of Spodoptera frugiperda and (iii) the foraging behavior of the herbivore's natural enemy Cotesia marginiventris which exploits herbivore-induced plant volatiles (VOC) for host location. The accumulation of protective phenolics was faster in plants receiving ambient UV than in controls exposed to sun light lacking UV. Accordingly, isorhamnetin- and quercetin-based flavonoids were increased in UV exposed plants. No UV effects were found on the performance and feeding behavior of S. frugiperda. Herbivore-damaged plants emitted the same VOC when grown under ambient or attenuated UV for 5, 10 or 30 days. Consequently, C. marginiventris was attracted but did not discriminate between exposed and unexposed soybeans. In summary, ambient UV radiation affected soybean morphology and physiology but did not destabilize interactions between trophic levels. - Ambient ultraviolet radiation does not alter induced VOC emission in soybean and thus host location of the parasitoid Cotesia marginiventris remains effective

  17. Humidity Effects on Fragmentation in Plasma-Based Ambient Ionization Sources.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Newsome, G Asher; Ackerman, Luke K; Johnson, Kevin J

    2016-01-01

    Post-plasma ambient desorption/ionization (ADI) sources are fundamentally dependent on surrounding water vapor to produce protonated analyte ions. There are two reports of humidity effects on ADI spectra. However, it is unclear whether humidity will affect all ADI sources and analytes, and by what mechanism humidity affects spectra. Flowing atmospheric pressure afterglow (FAPA) ionization and direct analysis in real time (DART) mass spectra of various surface-deposited and gas-phase analytes were acquired at ambient temperature and pressure across a range of observed humidity values. A controlled humidity enclosure around the ion source and mass spectrometer inlet was used to create programmed humidity and temperatures. The relative abundance and fragmentation of molecular adduct ions for several compounds consistently varied with changing ambient humidity and also were controlled with the humidity enclosure. For several compounds, increasing humidity decreased protonated molecule and other molecular adduct ion fragmentation in both FAPA and DART spectra. For others, humidity increased fragment ion ratios. The effects of humidity on molecular adduct ion fragmentation were caused by changes in the relative abundances of different reagent protonated water clusters and, thus, a change in the average difference in proton affinity between an analyte and the population of water clusters. Control of humidity in ambient post-plasma ion sources is needed to create spectral stability and reproducibility.

  18. La dimensión ecológica del buen vivir: entre el fantasma de la modernidad y el desafío biocéntrico (The ecological dimension of Living Well: between the spectre of modernism and the biocentric challenge

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gudynas, Eduardo

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: Las tensiones generadas cuando el concepto de buen vivir aborda la dimensión ambiental quedan en claro al comparar las nuevas constituciones de Bolivia y Ecuador. Mientras que en Ecuador se reconocen los derechos propios de la Naturaleza, y se apunta a una postura biocéntrica, la postura boliviana insiste en que un Estado debe industrializar los recursos naturales. Esto expresa la persistencia de aspectos propios de la Modernidad, con un antropocentrismo asentado en el dualismo Naturaleza-sociedad. El buen vivir necesariamente debe incorporar una dimensión ambiental, que desde el biocentrismo, le permita superar la herencia moderna, y transitar a otros desarrollos, con otra relación con la Naturaleza, seguramente más austeros, pero más equitativos.Abstract: The tensions created when the concept of Living Well tackles the environmental dimension become clear when comparing the new constitutions of Bolivia and Ecuador. Meanwhile in Ecuador recognizes the inherent rights of nature, and points to a biocentric stance, the Bolivian posture insists that a state must industrialize natural resources. This expresses the persistence of specific aspects of modernity, with an anthropocentric dualism settled in Nature-society. Living Well must necessarily incorporate an environmental dimension, which from the biocentrism, allow it to overcome the modern heritage and transit to other developments, with another relationship with nature, certainly more austere, but fairer.

  19. Ambient Noise Levels in Acute Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Referral Hospital

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sonia R. B D'Souza

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available Background: Advances in neonatal care have resulted in improved survival of neonates admitted to the intensive care of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU. However, the NCU may be an inappropriate milieu, with presence of overwhelming stimuli, most potent being the continuous presence of noise in the ambience of the NICU. Aim and Objectives: To determine and describe the ambient noise levels in the acute NICU of a tertiary referral hospital. Material and Methods: The ambient noise, in this study was the background sound existing in the environment of the acute NICU of a tertiary referral hospital in South India. The ambient noise levels were analyzed by an audiologist and acoustical engineer using a standardized and calibrated Sound Level Meter (SLM i.e., the Hand Held Analyzer type 2250, Brüel and Kjær, Denmark on a weighted frequency A and reported as dB (A. Results: The ambient noise levels were timed measurements yielded by the SLM in terms of L eq, L as well as L exceeded the standard A 10 Aeqmax levels (Leq< 45 dB, L ≤ 50 dB, and Lmax ≤ 65 10 dB.The L eq ranged from 59.4 to 62.12 dB A. A Ventilators with alarms caused the maximum amount of ambient noise yielding a L Sound Pressure Level AF (SPL of 82.14 dB A. Conclusion: The study has found high levels of ambient noise in the acute NICU. Though there are several measures to reduce the ambient noise levels in the NICU, it is essential to raise awareness among health care personnel regarding the observed ambient noise levels and its effects on neonates admitted to the NICU.

  20. Como la vara de Moisés: la herencia patológica como argumento para la vigilancia médica del matrimonio consanguíneo en México, 1870-1900 Like Moses' staff: pathological inheritance as an argument for medical vigilance of consanguine marriage in Mexico, 1870-1900

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fabricio González Soriano

    2009-03-01

    Full Text Available Se da cuenta de las discusiones que se dieron principalmente en la medicina legal mexicana acerca de la prudencia de las regulaciones sobre el matrimonio consanguíneo que fueron decretadas en los códigos civiles para el Distrito Federal de 1871 y 1884. Se muestra que el ánimo de las mismas llevó a que sus autores pugnaran por la necesidad de la vigilancia médica de las uniones entre parientes en virtud de un ánimo profiláctico sostenido en una visión nihilista de la herencia patológica. Se concluye en proponer una lectura filosófica que abandona los antiguos campos de lo 'externo' y lo 'interno'.This paper analyzes the discussions in the field of legal medicine in Mexico about the prudence of regulations concerning intermarriage that were decreed in the civil codes for the Federal District of 1871 and 1884. It shows that the heated debate forced the authors of the regulations to struggle for the need for medical vigilance of marriages between relatives, as a preventive measure sustained in a nihilistic vision of the pathological inheritance. The paper concludes by proposing a philosophical analysis that abandons the old fields of the "external" and the "internal".

  1. Fragilidade ambiental na bacia hidrográfica do Alto Parnaíba

    OpenAIRE

    Alves de Melo, Nivaneide

    2007-01-01

    Esta pesquisa desenvolveu estudos integrados sobre a bacia hidrográfica do Alto Parnaíba, no Piauí, considerando a atuação das atividades humanas sobre o ambiente natural, a fim de determinar o grau de alteração desse ambiente, a partir da presença antrópica neste local, além de propor ações para restabelecimento de uma situação de equilíbrio ambiental. Pois, quando os eventos sobre a paisagem são de origem antrópica e de orientação econômica, os impactos poderão causar dano...

  2. Ambient Noise in an Urbanized Tidal Channel

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bassett, Christopher

    In coastal environments, when topographic and bathymetric constrictions are combined with large tidal amplitudes, strong currents (> 2 m/s) can occur. Because such environments are relatively rare and difficult to study, until recently, they have received little attention from the scientific community. However, in recent years, interest in developing tidal hydrokinetic power projects in these environments has motivated studies to improve this understanding. In order to support an analysis of the acoustic effects of tidal power generation, a multi-year study was conducted at a proposed project site in Puget Sound (WA) are analyzed at a site where peak currents exceeded 3.5 m/s. From these analyses, three noise sources are shown to dominate the observed variability in ambient noise between 0.02-30 kHz: anthropogenic noise from vessel traffic, sediment-generated noise during periods of strong currents, and flow-noise resulting from turbulence advected over the hydrophones. To assess the contribution of vessel traffic noise, one calendar year of Automatic Identification System (AIS) ship-traffic data was paired with hydrophone recordings. The study region included inland waters of the Salish Sea within a 20 km radius of the hydrophone deployment site in northern Admiralty Inlet. The variability in spectra and hourly, daily, and monthly ambient noise statistics for unweighted broadband and M-weighted sound pressure levels is driven largely by vessel traffic. Within the one-year study period, at least one AIS transmitting vessel is present in the study area 90% of the time and over 1,363 unique vessels are recorded. A noise budget for vessels equipped with AIS transponders identifies cargo ships, tugs, and passenger vessels as the largest contributors to noise levels. A simple model to predict received levels at the site based on an incoherent summation of noise from different vessel types yields a cumulative probability density function of broadband sound pressure

  3. A INFLUÊNCIA DA GESTÃO AMBIENTAL NA COMPETITIVIDADE E NO SUCESSO EMPRESARIAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roberto Naime

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available A partir da Revolução Industrial, nos séculos XVIII e XIX, a força humana foi substituída pela máquina e o aumento da escala de produção e a geração de novas tecnologias iniciaram a gerar problemas no meio ambiente. Mas foi a partir da segunda metade do século XX, com o notável desenvolvimento da informática e a introdução de um mercado globalizado, que os problemas ambientais começaram a se tornar agudos e sem fronteiras nacionais. A consciência da situação do meio ambiente produz uma nova situação para a humanidade, que reage criando legislações ambientais severas e privilegiando organizações que tenham bom desempenho ambiental. Nesse contexto, a “International Organization for Standardization” cria uma discussão e chega a um consenso sobre o conjunto de normas para regular as relações entre as organizações e o meio ambiente. (ISO 14000. A importância da aplicação destas normas, conhecidas no Brasil por Sistemas de Gestão Ambiental (SGAs, na competitividade empresarial foi pesquisada em 20 empresas do setor coureiro-calçadista dos municípios de Taquara e Parobé no Rio Grande do Sul, sendo apresentada neste trabalho. Palavras-chave: Gestão. Meio ambiente. Vantagem competitiva.

  4. Environmental taxation: protecting environment through extrafiscal taxing Tributação ambiental: o tributo extrafiscal como forma de proteção do meio ambiente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Ernani Bonesso de Araújo

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available The role of State in preserving the environment has revealed to be essential, seen that by interfering in economic activities it can establish the minimal regulation to be observed by society. Among the economic instruments employed by the modern State to protect environment it is the establishment of taxing, which constitutes source of profit from public means used in the financial activity and that can be employed either in its fiscal and extrafiscal aspect. Thus, the study contemplates a reflection upon Environmental taxation, delimitating in the ways of a form to protecting environment.A atuação do Estado na preservação do meio ambiente tem se revelado imprescindível, pois mediante sua intervenção nas atividades econômicas ele pode estabelecer regras mínimas a serem observadas pela sociedade. Dentre os instrumentos econômicos usados pelo Estado moderno para a preservação do meio ambiente está o tributo, que constitui fonte de receita pública empregada na atividade financeira e pode ser utilizado tanto em seu aspecto fiscal quanto em seu aspecto extrafiscal. Diante deste contexto, o estudo contempla uma reflexão sobre a Tributação Ambiental, tendo como delimitação o tributo extrafiscal como forma de proteção do meio ambiente.

  5. A Caregiver Support Platform within the Scope of an Ambient Assisted Living Ecosystem

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Angelo Costa

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available The Ambient Assisted Living (AAL area is in constant evolution, providing new technologies to users and enhancing the level of security and comfort that is ensured by house platforms. The Ambient Assisted Living for All (AAL4ALL project aims to develop a new AAL concept, supported on a unified ecosystem and certification process that enables a heterogeneous environment. The concepts of Intelligent Environments, Ambient Intelligence, and the foundations of the Ambient Assisted Living are all presented in the framework of this project. In this work, we consider a specific platform developed in the scope of AAL4ALL, called UserAccess. The architecture of the platform and its role within the overall AAL4ALL concept, the implementation of the platform, and the available interfaces are presented. In addition, its feasibility is validated through a series of tests.

  6. A educação ambiental no cenário da economia informacional globalizada

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Dutra de Macedo Filho

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available Os contínuos e progressivos processos de degradação ambiental decorrentes das transformações originadas a partir da rápida aceleração da ciência e da tecnologia vêm chamando a atenção para a importância da educação  ambiental no atual contexto, marcado por uma economia informacional globalizada. Vislumbra-se que a educação ambiental venha a ser um  mecanismo capaz de desenvolver valores e atitudes calcados em critérios e princípios que orientem os povos para a premente e necessária preservação do meio ambiente em escala global. Este trabalho aborda a perspectiva de uma educação ambiental crítica e emancipadora capaz de, abraçando uma nova  causa totalmente contrária aos imperativos da dinâmica da produção e reprodução capitalista, vir a contribuir com o propósito de assegurar a eqüidade social e a manutenção de um meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado e essencial à sadia qualidade de vida para as presentes e futuras gerações.

  7. Amazonía y el medio ambiente

    OpenAIRE

    Mosquera Mesa, Ricardo

    2010-01-01

    Editorial: Amazonía: responsabilidad de todos -- Ecología y economía -- El patrimonio cultural amazónico -- La universidad y el liderazgo investigativo -- cooperación internacional -- Realizaciones y perspectivas -- Por una política de investigación ambiental

  8. Ambient air pollution and pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Pedersen, Marie; Stayner, Leslie; Slama, Rémy

    2014-01-01

    to ambient air pollution and pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders including gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. We searched electronic databases for English language studies reporting associations between ambient air pollution and pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders published between December.......5), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), proximity to major roads, and traffic density met our inclusion criteria. Most studies reported that air pollution increased risk for pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders. There was significant heterogeneity in meta-analysis, which included 16 studies reporting...... on gestational hypertension and preeclampsia as separate or combined outcomes; there was less heterogeneity in findings of the 10 studies reporting solely on preeclampsia. Meta-analyses showed increased risks of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy for all pollutants except CO. Random-effect meta...

  9. La gestión ambiental de la industria en Quito

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paola Albornoz

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo de investigación de Tesis de maestría en Estudios Socioambientales está orientado a determinar si la gestión ambiental desarrollada por la industria contribuye a la construcción de una ciudad sostenible o simplemente es una respuesta a la obligación de requisitos legales. Para esto se efectúa un análisis del modelo de gestión ambiental implementado por la Dirección Metropolitana Ambiental del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito en lo referente a actividades industriales. Se toma como periodo de estudio los años 2006 y 2007 cuyo eje de estudio se enfoca en la aplicación de la Ordenanza Metropolitana No. 146 expedida el 9 de agosto de 2005, la cual tuvo cerca de dos años de vigencia y la Ordenanza Metropolitana No. 213 “De la Prevención y Control del Medio Ambiente” expedida el 10 de septiembre de 2007.

  10. Cadastro Ambiental Rural utilizando imagem de drone aerofotogramétrico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    João Edson Costa Ferreira da Silva

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available O Cadastro Ambiental Rural (CAR é uma importante base de dados estratégica para a gestão ambiental do país. Este estudo tem como objetivo comparar a acurácia da imagem orbital disponibilizada para o CAR com uma ortofoto obtida com o drone aerofotogramétrico, tendo como parâmetro de incerteza o produto cartográfico obtido com estação total. A ortofoto apresentou melhor resultado em relação à imagem orbital. Ambas foram analisadas comparando áreas homólogas nas imagens, de diferentes tamanhos e posições, em ambos os produtos cartográficos. Tal resultado pode justificar a aquisição de um produto mais fidedigno para o controle ambiental no país, principalmente em pequenas áreas rurais, tendo em vista que a porção territorial é extensa e não homogênea.

  11. Carbonyl atmospheric reaction products of aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air

    Science.gov (United States)

    Obermeyer, Genevieve; Aschmann, Sara M.; Atkinson, Roger; Arey, Janet

    To convert gaseous carbonyls to oximes during sampling, an XAD-4 resin denuder system pre-coated with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine and followed by analysis with methane positive chemical ionization gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to measure carbonyls in ambient air samples in Riverside, CA. In conjunction with similar analyses of environmental chamber OH radical-initiated reactions of o- and p-xylene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, ethylbenzene, 4-hydroxy-2-butanone and 1,4-butanediol, we identified benzaldehyde, o-, m- and p-tolualdehyde and acetophenone and the dicarbonyls glyoxal, methylglyoxal, biacetyl, ethylglyoxal, 1,4-butenedial, 3-hexene-2,5-dione, 3-oxo-butanal, 1,4-butanedial and malonaldehyde in the ambient air samples. As discussed, these carbonyls and dicarbonyls can be formed from the OH radical-initiated reactions of aromatic hydrocarbons and other volatile organic compounds emitted into the atmosphere, and we conclude that in situ atmospheric formation is a major source of these carbonyls in our Riverside, CA, ambient air samples.

  12. Effects of Ambient Temperature and Forced-air Warming on Intraoperative Core Temperature: A Factorial Randomized Trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pei, Lijian; Huang, Yuguang; Xu, Yiyao; Zheng, Yongchang; Sang, Xinting; Zhou, Xiaoyun; Li, Shanqing; Mao, Guangmei; Mascha, Edward J; Sessler, Daniel I

    2018-05-01

    The effect of ambient temperature, with and without active warming, on intraoperative core temperature remains poorly characterized. The authors determined the effect of ambient temperature on core temperature changes with and without forced-air warming. In this unblinded three-by-two factorial trial, 292 adults were randomized to ambient temperatures 19°, 21°, or 23°C, and to passive insulation or forced-air warming. The primary outcome was core temperature change between 1 and 3 h after induction. Linear mixed-effects models assessed the effects of ambient temperature, warming method, and their interaction. A 1°C increase in ambient temperature attenuated the negative slope of core temperature change 1 to 3 h after anesthesia induction by 0.03 (98.3% CI, 0.01 to 0.06) °Ccore/(h°Cambient) (P ambient temperature with passive insulation, but was unaffected by ambient temperature during forced-air warming (0.02 [98.3% CI, -0.04 to 0.09] °Ccore/°Cambient; P = 0.40). After an average of 3.4 h of surgery, core temperature was 36.3° ± 0.5°C in each of the forced-air groups, and ranged from 35.6° to 36.1°C in passively insulated patients. Ambient intraoperative temperature has a negligible effect on core temperature when patients are warmed with forced air. The effect is larger when patients are passively insulated, but the magnitude remains small. Ambient temperature can thus be set to comfortable levels for staff in patients who are actively warmed.

  13. Influence of Ambient Humidity on the Voltage Response of Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite Sensor.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhu, Zicai; Horiuchi, Tetsuya; Kruusamäe, Karl; Chang, Longfei; Asaka, Kinji

    2016-03-31

    Electrical potential based on ion migration exists not only in natural systems but also in ionic polymer materials. In order to investigate the influence of ambient humidity on voltage response, classical Au-Nafion IPMC was chosen as the reference sample. Voltage response under a bending deformation was measured in two ways: first, continuous measurement of voltage response in the process of absorption and desorption of water to study the tendency of voltage variation at all water states; second, measurements at multiple fixed ambient humidity levels to characterize the process of voltage response quantitatively. Ambient humidity influences the voltage response mainly by varying water content in ionic polymer. Under a step bending, the amplitude of initial voltage peak first increases and then decreases as the ambient humidity and the inherent water content decrease. This tendency is explained semiquantitatively by mass storage capacity related to the stretchable state of the Nafion polymer network. Following the initial peak, the voltage shows a slow decay to a steady state, which is first characterized in this paper. The relative voltage decay during the steady state always decreases as the ambient humidity is lowered. It is ascribed to progressive increase of the ratio between the water molecules in the cation hydration shell to the free water. Under sinusoidal mechanical bending excitation in the range of 0.1-10 Hz, the voltage magnitude increases with frequency at high ambient humidity but decreases with frequency at low ambient humidity. The relationship is mainly controlled by the voltage decay effect and the response speed.

  14. Emissions from residential energy use dominate exposure to ambient fine particulate matter in India

    Science.gov (United States)

    Conibear, L.; Butt, E. W.; Knote, C. J.; Arnold, S.; Spracklen, D. V.

    2017-12-01

    Exposure to ambient particulate matter of less than 2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) is a leading cause of disease burden in India. Information on the source contributions to the burden of disease attributable to ambient PM2.5 exposure is critical to support the national and sub-national control of air pollution. Previous studies analysing the contributions of different emission sectors to disease burden in India have been limited by coarse model resolutions and a lack of extensive PM2.5 observations before 2016. We use a regional numerical weather prediction model online-coupled with chemistry, evaluated against extensive surface observations, to make the first high resolution study of the contributions of seven emission sectors to the disease burden associated with ambient PM2.5 exposure in India. We find that residential energy use is the dominant contributing emission sector. Removing air pollution emissions from residential energy use would reduce population-weighted annual mean ambient PM2.5 concentrations by 52%, reducing the number of premature mortalities caused by exposure to ambient PM2.5 by 26%, equivalent to 268,000 (95% uncertainty interval (95UI): 167,000-360,000) lives every year. The smaller fractional reduction in mortality burden is due to the non-linear exposure-response relationship at the high PM2.5 concentrations observed across India and consequently large reductions in emissions are required to reduce the health burden from ambient PM2.5 exposure in India. Keywords: ambient air quality, India, residential energy use, health impact, particulate matter, WRF-Chem

  15. LA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL EN LOS ESPACIOS NO CONVENCIONALES DE EDUCACIÓN QUE GERENCIAN LAS ENTIDADES QUE CONFORMAN EL SECTOR LA AMBIENTAL DE BOGOTÁ Y SU DIÁLOGO CON LA EDUCACIÓN FORMAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tania Elena Rodríguez

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Ante la necesidad de indagar sobre la forma como se asume e implementa la Educación Ambiental en los espacios no convencionales de educación que gerencian las entidades que conforman el sector ambiental de Bogotá, se hace necesario, a manera de referente conceptual, abordar las discusiones que se adelantan en el ámbito de la educación formal, sobre la “educación para el desarrollo sostenible” (como proyecto político internacional nacida en la Cumbre de la Tierra, Río de Janeiro Brasil, 1992, que ha generado desarrollos educativos que tradicionalmente habían sido del campo de la Educación Ambiental; como también la discusión internacional adelantada sobre las relaciones entre la Educación Ambiental y la Educación en Ciencias con el fin de analizar las maneras en que estas relaciones estratégicas permitan superar reduccionismos y desconfianzas entre estos tipos de educación.  Así mismo, este trabajo intentará establecer la posible emergencia de una Didáctica Ambiental para espacios de educación no convencional, como un facilitador de diseño de contenidos desde actuales posturas teóricas sobre lo ambiental

  16. Ambient echolalia in a patient with germinoma around the bilateral ventriculus lateralis: a case report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Suzuki, Tadashi; Itoh, Shouichi; Arai, Noritoshi; Kouno, Masako; Noguchi, Makoto; Takatsu, Masami; Takeda, Katsuhiko

    2012-01-01

    Ambient echolalia is a rare condition with few reported cases. We report the case of a 20-year-old man with a germinoma around the bilateral ventriculus lateralis who exhibited ambient echolalia. Clinical features included instinctive grasp reaction and compulsive manipulation of tools in his right hand. Speech or mental deterioration has been cited as a cause of ambient echolalia, but neither dementia nor aphasia was present. We propose that ambient echolalia in our case could be interpreted as a disinhibition of pre-existing essentially intact motor subroutines due to damage of the medial frontal lobe.

  17. A DESIGUALDADE AMBIENTAL EM RIO DAS OSTRAS-RJ, BRASIL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliana Higa Bellini

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo analisou a desigualdade ambiental em Rio das Ostras-RJ por meio do mapeamento das condições adequadas de habitação, baseada nos índices de abastecimento de água, de esgotamento sanitário, de alfabetização, de renda, de disposição do lixo e de presença de vegetação, oriundos do Censo IBGE de 2010 e de imagens de satélite Cbers-2b e Landsat-5, de 2008. Os índices foram ponderados pelo método Analitic Hierarchy Process e agregados no software ArcGis 10.0, construindo o índice de desigualdade ambiental. O município de Rio das Ostras foi selecionado por apresentar um elevado crescimento populacional entre 2000 e 2010, seguido de um significativo crescimento econômico derivado da exploração de petróleo e gás na Bacia de Campos. Nesse sentido, tornou-se importante verificar se o crescimento populacional e econômico vinha acompanhando de condições de habitação adequadas para toda a população. O resultado expôs a presença de desigualdade ambiental em Rio das Ostras, afetando principalmente a população de menor renda, com maiores porcentagens de analfabetos e localizados no limite da área urbanizada e na área rural, cujas áreas apresentaram deficiência na oferta de serviços e infraestrutura. Concluiu-se que a distribuição condições adequadas de habitação avaliada por este trabalho não é homogênea e segue a lógica de valorização da terra urbana para o processo de especulação imobiliária em Rio das Ostras. A presença da desigualdade ambiental também representa dificuldades na garantia da sustentabilidade urbana, com diversas áreas desprovidas de condições de habitação em que, por isso, acabam por impactar o meio ambiente.

  18. A Conceptual Framework for Ambient Learning Displays

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Börner, Dirk; Kalz, Marco; Specht, Marcus

    2011-01-01

    Börner, D., Kalz, M., & Specht, M. (2010, 29 November-3 December). A Conceptual Framework for Ambient Learning Displays. Poster presented at the Work-in-Progress Poster and Invited Young Researcher Symposium of the 18th International Conference on Computers in Education, Putrajaya, Malaysia:

  19. Entre el desarrollo y el ambiente: incertidumbres de los agrocombustibles

    OpenAIRE

    León Sicard, Tomás Enrique

    2008-01-01

    El artículo plantea una discusión sobre la manera en que la dimensión ambiental puede ser concebida en relación con el actual concepto de desarrollo, a partir de una visión que entiende lo ambiental como relaciones complejas entre los ecosistemas y las culturas humanas y a partir de este punto, examina el modelo agrario dominante en Colombia versus los modelos de agricultura alternativa y la aparición de los biocombustibles, como una consecuencia ineludible del modelo domi...

  20. ELEMENTOS PARA DETERMINAR LA RELACIÓN COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE

    OpenAIRE

    Flórez, Margarita

    2005-01-01

    En este documento se presentan algunas consideraciones alrededor de la relación entre comercio y medio ambiente a la luz de las repercusiones que podría tener, para la normatividad e institucionalidad ambiental, un Tratado de Libre Comercio. Bajo esta perspectiva, la primera parte del artículo examina las implicaciones de la extensión de los derechos de propiedad intelectual al caso específico de la diversidad biológica. En la segunda, se adelantan algunas observaciones acerca de la vigencia ...

  1. Ambient ultraviolet radiation exposure and hepatocellular carcinoma incidence in the United States.

    Science.gov (United States)

    VoPham, Trang; Bertrand, Kimberly A; Yuan, Jian-Min; Tamimi, Rulla M; Hart, Jaime E; Laden, Francine

    2017-08-18

    Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most commonly occurring type of primary liver cancer, has been increasing in incidence worldwide. Vitamin D, acquired from sunlight exposure, diet, and dietary supplements, has been hypothesized to impact hepatocarcinogenesis. However, previous epidemiologic studies examining the associations between dietary and serum vitamin D reported mixed results. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between ambient ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure and HCC risk in the U.S. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database provided information on HCC cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2014 from 16 population-based cancer registries across the U.S. Ambient UV exposure was estimated by linking the SEER county with a spatiotemporal UV exposure model using a geographic information system. Poisson regression with robust variance estimation was used to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between ambient UV exposure per interquartile range (IQR) increase (32.4 mW/m 2 ) and HCC risk adjusting for age at diagnosis, sex, race, year of diagnosis, SEER registry, and county-level information on prevalence of health conditions, lifestyle, socioeconomic, and environmental factors. Higher levels of ambient UV exposure were associated with statistically significant lower HCC risk (n = 56,245 cases; adjusted IRR per IQR increase: 0.83, 95% CI 0.77, 0.90; p ambient UV and HCC risk was observed among males (p for interaction = 0.01) and whites (p for interaction = 0.01). Higher ambient UV exposure was associated with a decreased risk of HCC in the U.S. UV exposure may be a potential modifiable risk factor for HCC that should be explored in future research.

  2. educación ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Ojeda Barceló

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TICs pueden constituir una herramienta de primer orden para la Educación Ambiental para la Sostenibilidad (EApS, pero todavía existe cierta reticencia por parte de educadores ambientales a hacer un uso de ellas de forma habitual. El objetivo fundamental de este trabajo es ofrecer una revisión del estado de la cuestión tanto a nivel nacional como internacional e intentar hacer una propuesta didáctica de trabajo colaborativo a través de Internet para estudiantes de secundaria.

  3. Double-step annealing and ambient effects on phosphorus implanted emitters in silicon

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Koji, T.; Tseng, W.F.; Mayer, J.W.; Suganuma, T.

    1979-01-01

    Emitters of npn silicon bipolar transistors have been made by a phosphorus implantation at 50 keV P + to a dose of 1 x 10 16 cm -2 . This was followed by high temperature processes to reduce lattice disorder, to drive-in the phosphorus atoms, and to form oxide layers. The first process step was carried out by using single- and double-step anneals in various ambients (dry N 2 , dry 0 2 and steam) while the drive-in and oxidation steps were common for all structures. Electrical measurements on emitter/base leakage current, low frequency (popcorn) noise and current gain showed that the annealing ambient had a major influence. The transistors with implanted emitters annealed in a dry N 2 ambient are comparable to commercial ones with thermally-diffused emitters. Transmission electron microscopy observations on samples annealed in steam ambients revealed dislocations extending into the sidewall of the emitter/base junction. This sidewell penetration of dislocations is the main origin of the degradation of the emitter/base junction characteristics. (author)

  4. Aspectos socioeconómicos de la evaluación de impacto ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Echavarren, José Manuel

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available This article reviews the methodology and background of the socioeconomic dimension in environment impact evaluations. This text examines the pertinence of Social Sciences in the study of environmental assessment. Likewise, the article deals with the main techniques applied to this field. Special attention is drawn to the concept and research of landscape as a social factor of environment as well as to public participation in the processes of Environmental Impact Assessment research.

    El presente artículo revisa la metodología y el fundamento del estudio de los aspectos socioeconómicos de las Evaluaciones de Impacto Ambiental. Se examina la pertinencia de las Ciencias Sociales dentro de los estudios de impacto ambiental, así como las técnicas principales que se aplican en la práctica investigadora al respecto. Se presta atención especial al concepto y al estudio del paisaje como elemento social del medio ambiente, así como a los mecanismos de participación dentro de las dinámicas de las Evaluaciones de Impacto Ambiental.

  5. The effect of annealing ambient on surface segregation in indium implanted sapphire

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sood, D.K.; Victoria University of Technology, Melbourne; Zhou, W.; Victoria University of Technology, Melbourne; Academia Sinica, Shanghai Institute of Metallurgy; Cao, D.X.; Victoria University of Technology, Melbourne; Academia Sinica, Shanghai, SH

    1991-01-01

    A systematic study of the effect of annealing ambient on both indium surface segregation and lattice damage recovery of single crystal Al 2 O 3 has been done by performing 1 hour anneals at 800 deg C for the samples identically implanted with indium ions at 100keV energy to a high dose of 5x10 16 ions/cm 2 . Following solid phase epitaxial re-crystallization of amorphous layer, the indium dopant shows rapid thermal migration. The indium redistribution consists of 2 parts: 1. appreciable broadening corresponding to diffusion within the amorphous layer, and 2. indium segregation to the free surface to form In 2 O 3 , or escape out of the surface to sublime into the surrounding ambient. Lattice damage recovery depends on indium concentration profile in amorphous layer of Al 2 O 3 which is directly influenced by the annealing ambient. It is confirmed that the presence of moisture or oxygen in annealing ambient results in In 2 O 3 formation on the surface. (author). 6 refs.; 3 figs.; 1 tab

  6. La herencia igualitarista de John Rawls

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Puyol González, Ángel

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available One of the indisputable achievements of John Rawls work has been the revitalisation of the concept of equality in the ethics and political philosophy of the last few years. He has removed it from the monopoly of the ideologies that have had better or worse luck throughout the entire twentieth century and returned it to the analytical and conceptual rigor of philosophy. Moreover, he has done so with the added virtue of harmonising the value of equality with the values of freedom and efficiency, which is an effort that is not always valued with sufficient understanding. There is no doubt about the influence of Rawls theory of justice on current egalitarian thinking that, in some way, has been, and is still being, built -following -or diverging from the wake opened by the philosopher from Harvard. In this article, I analyse the main debates that are going on about Rawlsian egalitarianism and I point out some possible future orientation. In the first place, I set out the two great egalitarian arguments in Rawls work stemming, respectively, from a person's moral conception and the moral arbitrariness of the individual' s social and natural contingencies. Afterwards, I explore the problems of both arguments insisting, on one hand, on the inadequacy of the Kantian moral personality as a foundation for an egalitarian theory and, on the other hand, on the inconsistency of luck egalitarianism as an egalitarian extension of Rawls theory. In third place, I demonstrate that the main egalitarian problem in Rawls work comes from the concept of equality and equity void of solidarity. I conclude, finally, that justice as fairness should be contrasted with justice as fraternity.

    Uno de los logros indiscutibles de la obra de John Rawls ha sido la revitalización del concepto de igualdad en la ética y la filosofía política de los últimos años, desmonopolizándolo de las ideologías que han recorrido con mejor o peor fortuna todo el siglo xx y devolviéndolo al rigor analítico y conceptual de la filosofía. Además, con la virtud añadida de armonizar el valor de la igualdad con los valores de la libertad y la eficiencia: un esfuerzo no siempre valorado con suficiente comprensión. No hay duda, pues, de la influencia de la teoría de la justicia de Rawls en el pensamiento igualitarista actual que, de algún modo, se ha construido -y aún continúa haciéndolo- siguiendo -o bien desmarcándose de- la estela trazada por el filósofo de Harvard. En este artículo, analizo los principales debates abiertos en tomo al igualitarismo rawlsiano y apunto alguna posible orientación futura. En primer lugar, expongo los dos grandes argumentos igualitaristas en la obra de Rawls, derivados, respectivamente, de la concepción moral de la persona y de la arbitrariedad moral de las contingencias sociales y naturales de los individuos. Posteriormente, exploro los problemas de ambos argumentos insistiendo, por un lado, en la inadecuación de la personalidad moral kantiana como fundamento de una teoría igualitarista y, por otro, en la incoherencia del igualitarismo de la suerte (luck egalitarianism como extensión igualitarista de la teoría rawlsiana. En tercer lugar, muestro que el principal problema igualitarista en la obra de Rawls proviene de una concepción de la igualdad o equidad vacía de solidaridad. Concluyo, finalmente, que a la justicia como equidad habría que contraponerle una justicia como fraternidad.

  7. 77 FR 12482 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Lead Ambient Air Quality...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-03-01

    ... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Lead Ambient Air Quality Standards AGENCY... incorporates the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for Pb promulgated by EPA in 2008. DATES: This... FR 66964) and codified at 40 CFR 50.16, ``National primary and secondary ambient air quality...

  8. Using ambient lighting in persuasive communication : the role of pre-existing color associations

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Lu, S.; Ham, J.R.C.; Midden, C.J.H.; Spagnolli, A.; Chittaro, L.; Gamberini, L.

    2014-01-01

    Earlier research indicated that ambient persuasive lighting can have persuasive effects on energy-efficiency behavior. However, why would this kind of ambient feedback be effective? The current research investigated the influence of the strength of associations (of colors used for giving feedback)

  9. LA FORMACIÓN AMBIENTAL PERMANENTE DEL DIRECTIVO EDUCACIONAL DEL SIGLO XXI

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mavel Moré Estupiñán

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available La situación ambiental actual impone nuevos retos a los sistemas educativos, entre ellos el de incorporar la educación ambiental para el desarrollo sostenible al proceso pedagógico en los diferentes subsistemas de educación. Para lograr este propósito, es decisivo el rol del directivo educacional, desde la implementación del sistema de dirección institucional. Por ello, la formación ambiental de este profesional constituye un imperativo y se declara como problema científico de la presente investigación, que se sustenta teórica y metodológicamente en los fundamentos de la formación ambiental permanente del directivo educacional y delimita como objetivo: proponer un Modelo para orientar hacia el desarrollo sostenible este proceso. Garantizan el cumplimiento del objetivo, el empleo de métodos teóricos, estadísticos y/o de procesamiento matemático y empíricos, de corte cuantitativo y cualitativo, que se articulan a partir de las técnicas de la investigación-acción-participativa. El Modelo constituye la contribución a la teoría pedagógica y son aportes de significación práctica los programas de las formas organizativas de la formación permanente. El criterio de la práctica, como resultado de la sistematización de una secuencia de ciclos, y las valoraciones de diferentes evaluadores confirman la pertinencia, relevancia y efectividad del Modelo de formación ambiental permanente del directivo educacional.

  10. Ambient ultraviolet radiation induces protective responses in soybean but does not attenuate indirect defense

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Winter, Thorsten R. [Department of Botany II, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 3, 97082 Wuerzburg (Germany); Rostas, Michael [Department of Botany II, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 3, 97082 Wuerzburg (Germany)], E-mail: rostas@botanik.uni-wuerzburg.de

    2008-09-15

    We investigated the effects of ambient ultraviolet (UV) radiation on (i) the performance and chemistry of soybean plants, (ii) the performance of Spodoptera frugiperda and (iii) the foraging behavior of the herbivore's natural enemy Cotesia marginiventris which exploits herbivore-induced plant volatiles (VOC) for host location. The accumulation of protective phenolics was faster in plants receiving ambient UV than in controls exposed to sun light lacking UV. Accordingly, isorhamnetin- and quercetin-based flavonoids were increased in UV exposed plants. No UV effects were found on the performance and feeding behavior of S. frugiperda. Herbivore-damaged plants emitted the same VOC when grown under ambient or attenuated UV for 5, 10 or 30 days. Consequently, C. marginiventris was attracted but did not discriminate between exposed and unexposed soybeans. In summary, ambient UV radiation affected soybean morphology and physiology but did not destabilize interactions between trophic levels. - Ambient ultraviolet radiation does not alter induced VOC emission in soybean and thus host location of the parasitoid Cotesia marginiventris remains effective.

  11. ¡Nuevos aportes! para estimar el valor del impacto ambiental a nivel de cuenca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nora Pouey M

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available Hoy en día, en el que el mundo continuamente sufre transformaciones, el hombre se ha preocupado por conocer y hacer de su entorno ambiental un lugar vivible, pero al mismo tiempo, él mismo se ha encargado de mantenerlo y llevarlo a situaciones que generan un verdadero caos. Ese caos, conocido como impacto ambiental es necesario medirlo, para lo cual se ha empleado la metodologia de la Evaluación del Impacto Ambiental EIA, sin contar hasta hoy con un modelo sistematico para hacerlo cuantitativamente a nivel de una cuenca hidrografica, generando así un problema en terminos de la evaluación para la gestión ambiental. La aplicación del modelo desarrollado en este trabajo denominado IVAFIC, Responde al problema presentado, evaluando a través de un modelo matematico y con la ayuda de herramientas computacionales de programación estructurada y de sistemas de información geografica, el impacto ambiental en una cuenca de forma cuantitativa definido como factor de impacto F1 y factor de impacto corregido FIC.

  12. Ambient dose measurement in some CT departments in Khartoum State

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mohammed, S. A. H.

    2012-09-01

    Computerized Tomography (CT) is now one of the most important radiological examinations world wide.The frequency of CT examinations is increasing rapidly from 2% of all radiological examinations in some countries a decade age to 10-15% now. During the imaging procedure, staff may expose to a significant dose. Therefore, ambient dose measurement is important in the shortage of regular personal monitoring in sudan. This study intended to evaluate the ambient dose at some CT departments (Medical Military hospital, Alamal National Hospital, Elnelin Diagnostic Center and Modern Medical Centre). These departments were equipped with daul, 16 and 64 multi detector CT machines. A survey meter (Radios) was used to measure ambient doses in three locations: Doors, Control Rooms and Adjacent Rooms. The ambient dose equivalent (scatter dose) was measured at various distances from the isocenter of the CT unit at various angles to establish isodose cartography. The mean and range of radiation at control room is 10.00-0.20 and mean (7.05μSv/hr,) reception 1.0-0 (0.40) and doors 4.00-100.00 (73.5) for height 1 meter above the ground. For height 2 meters at control room 0-10.00 (6,75), reception 0-90.00 (30) at door 9.00-90.00 (49.50). This study confirms that low levels of radiation dose are received by staff during CT imaging and these levels are within safe limits as prescribed by the national and international regulations. (Author)

  13. PARQUE AMBIENTAL LAGOAS DO NORTE: SANEAMENTO E CONSERVAÇÃO DO AMBIENTE ENTRE OS BAIRROS MATADOURO E SÃO JOAQUIM, TERESINA, PIAUÍ, BRASIL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leilson Alves Dos Santos

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available O artigo discute aspectos socioambientais relativos ao saneamento e à conservação de bairros da zona norte da cidade de Teresina, Piauí, a partir da implementação do Parque Ambiental Lagoas do Norte. A questão central que norteia este trabalho refere-se à caracterização e análise dos impactos resultantes (positivos e negativos da implantação desse parque para o ambiente e para a população local, destacando a relação do natural com o construído em parques urbanos. Utilizaram-se as abordagens quantitativas e qualitativas, envolvendo os aspectos teóricos, a observação direta, entrevistas não estruturadas e a aplicação de questionários. Os principais resultados demonstraram que a implantação desse Parque possibilitou o início de uma nova relação sociedade/natureza, resgatando valores sociais e ambientais, vez que proporcionou uma melhoria considerável no ambiente e na qualidade de vida da população daquela área, além de contribuir para a elevação de sua autoestima. Percebeu-se, no entanto, que para atingir os objetivos propostos de forma plena, ainda se torna necessária a implementação de programas de educação ambiental continuada, além de outras ações, sobretudo voltadas para a arborização, a segurança pública e a conservação dos equipamentos em funcionamento e outros a serem instalados nesse parque.

  14. ANÁLISE DA QUALIDADE AMBIENTAL URBANA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cíntia Minaki

    2012-01-01

    mostrando que, a pesar de ser una pequeña ciudad, sus características de la ocupación son suficientes para generar una disminución en la calidad ambiental. En este trabajo, también fue posible proponer ideas para mejorar la calidad de estos espacios, desde el punto de vista de la Planificación del Paisaje.

  15. Ambient music in the emergency services: the professionals' perception Música ambiental en el servicio de emergencia: percepción de los profesionales Música ambiente em serviço de emergência: percepção dos profissionais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Fernanda Zorzi Gatti

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available Due to the assistant characteristic of the emergency service, the health professional experiences countless situations that generate anxiety. This study aimed to learn the professionals' perception about the presence of classical music in the working environment. The sample was composed of 49 professionals of the adult emergency department of a medium sized private hospital. The data were collected through a questionnaire to evaluate the professional's perception. The results showed that 78% of the professionals noticed alteration in the atmosphere when the music was present, 41% believed that the music altered their personal performance; 85% believed it altered their performance in a positive way and 15% in a negative way. Regarding the musical repertoire, 61% of the individuals affirmed they enjoyed the selection, 96% believed that the ambient music should be kept, while 76% of the interviewees suggested other musical genres.Considerando que el servicio de emergencia tiene una función asistencial, el profesional de salud se expone a diversas situaciones que le generan ansiedad. El objetivo del presente estudio fue conocer la percepción de los profesionales sobre la audición de música erudita en el ambiente de trabajo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 49 profesionales del servicio de emergencia adulto de un hospital privado de mediana complejidad. Los datos fueron recolectados utilizando un cuestionario que evaluó la percepción de los profesionales. Fue observado que la presencia de música provocó alteraciones en el ambiente según 78% de los profesionales, 41 % consideró que la música alteró su desempeño personal, de los cuales 85% mencionaron que fue de forma positiva y 15% de forma negativa. En relación al repertorio musical, 61% de los individuos afirmaron haberse sentido a gusto con la selección musical, 96% mencionaron que debe continuarse con la música ambiental y 76% sugirió la introducción de otros géneros musicales

  16. Dependence of the subharmonic signal from contrast agent microbubbles on ambient pressure: A theoretical analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiménez-Fernández, J

    2018-01-01

    This paper investigates the dependence of the subharmonic response in a signal scattered by contrast agent microbubbles on ambient pressure to provide quantitative estimations of local blood pressure. The problem is formulated by assuming a gas bubble encapsulated by a shell of finite thickness with dynamic behavior modeled by a nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive equation. For ambient overpressure compatible with the clinical range, the acoustic pressure intervals where the subharmonic signal may be detected (above the threshold for the onset and below the limit value for the first chaotic transition) are determined. The analysis shows that as the overpressure is increased, all harmonic components are displaced to higher frequencies. This displacement is significant for the subharmonic of order 1/2 and explains the increase or decrease in the subharmonic amplitude with ambient pressure described in previous works. Thus, some questions related to the monotonic dependence of the subharmonic amplitude on ambient pressure are clarified. For different acoustic pressures, quantitative conditions for determining the intervals where the subharmonic amplitude is a monotonic or non-monotonic function of the ambient pressure are provided. Finally, the influence of the ambient pressure on the subharmonic resonance frequency is analyzed.

  17. Ambient temperature and volume of perihematomal edema in acute intracerebral haemorrhage: the INTERACT1 study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zheng, Danni; Arima, Hisatomi; Heeley, Emma; Karpin, Anne; Yang, Jie; Chalmers, John; Anderson, Craig S

    2015-01-01

    As no human data exist, we aimed to determine the relation between ambient temperature and volume of perihematomal 'cerebral' edema in acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) among Chinese participants of the pilot phase, Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage Trial (INTERACT1). INTERACT1 was a multicenter, open, blind outcome assessed, randomized controlled trial of intensive (systolic target ambient temperature (mean, minimum, maximum, and range) on the day of each participant's ICH obtained from China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System were linked to other data including edema volumes. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to evaluate association between ambient temperature and edema volumes. A generalized linear regression model with a generalized estimating equations approach (GEE) was used to assess any association of ambient temperature and change in edema volume over 72 h. A total of 250 of all 384 Chinese participants had complete data that showed positive associations between ambient temperature (mean and minimum temperatures) and edema volumes at each time point over 72 h after hospital admission (all P ambient temperature and perihematomal edema volume in acute spontaneous ICH. © 2014 World Stroke Organization.

  18. Hybrid Logical Analyses of the Ambient Calculus

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bolander, Thomas; Hansen, René Rydhof

    2007-01-01

    In this paper, hybrid logic is used to formulate a rational reconstruction of a previously published control flow analysis for the mobile ambients calculus and we further show how a more precise flow-sensitive analysis, that takes the ordering of action sequences into account, can be formulated...

  19. Ambient environment analysis by means of perception

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Bitterman, M.S.; Ciftcioglu, O.; Bhatt, M.; Schultz, C.

    2013-01-01

    Analysis of an ambient environment by means of perception is described. The surveillance of an object by human, who watches a scene via a monitor that shows camera sensed information, is investigated. Although the camera sensing process is a deterministic process, human perception of a scene via

  20. Preparation of heterogeneous networks for ambient intelligence

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Stok, van der P.D.V.; Basten, A.A.; Geilen, M.C.W.; Groot, de H.W.H.

    2003-01-01

    Ambient Intelligence assumes the existence of ubiquitous networked computing. Networking is supported in the home by a so-called home network. Currently, the home network emerges from the purchase of a second PC in the home. Extending the home network confronts the prospective buyer with a multitude

  1. A Conceptual Framework for Ambient Learning Displays

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Börner, Dirk; Kalz, Marco; Specht, Marcus

    2010-01-01

    Börner, D., Kalz, M., & Specht, M. (2010). A Conceptual Framework for Ambient Learning Displays. In B. Chang, T. Hirashima, & H. Ogata (Eds.), Joint Proceedings of the Work-in-Progress Poster and Invited Young Researcher Symposium for the 18th International Conference on Computers in Education (pp.

  2. EXPOSURE TO CONCENTRATED AMBIENT PARTICLES (CAPS): REVIEW

    Science.gov (United States)

    Epidemiologic studies support a participation of fine particulate matter (PM) with a diameter of 0.1 to 2.5 microm in the effects of air pollution particles on human health. The ambient fine particle concentrator is a recently developed technology that can enrich the mass of ambi...

  3. Dynamic services for open ambient intelligence systems

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Acampora, G.; Loia, V.; Ma, Z.

    2006-01-01

    Ambient intelligence (AmI) [1] provides a wide-ranging vision on how the Information Society will evolve, since the goal is to conceive platforms for seamless delivery of services and applications making them effectively invisible to the user. This is possible by gathering best practices from

  4. Changes in ambient dose equivalent rates around roads at Kawamata town after the Fukushima accident

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kinase, Sakae; Sato, Satoshi; Yamamoto, Hideaki; Saito, Kimiaki; Sakamoto, Ryuichi

    2015-01-01

    Changes in ambient dose equivalent rates noted through vehicle-borne surveys have elucidated ecological half-lives of radioactive caesium in the environment. To confirm that the ecological half-lives are appropriate for predicting ambient dose equivalent rates within living areas, it is important to ascertain ambient dose equivalent rates on/around roads. In this study, radiation monitoring on/around roads at Kawamata town, located about 37 km northwest of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, was performed using monitoring vehicles and survey meters. It was found that the ambient dose equivalent rates around roads were higher than those on roads as of October 2012. And withal the ecological half-lives on roads were essentially consistent with those around roads. With dose predictions using ecological half-lives on roads, it is necessary to make corrections to ambient dose equivalent rates through the vehicle-borne surveys against those within living areas. (authors)

  5. CO{sub 2} Capture by Sub-ambient Membrane Operation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kulkarni, S.; Hasse, D.; Sanders, E.; Chaubey, T.

    2012-11-30

    The main objective of the project was to develop a CO{sub 2} capture process based on sub-ambient temperature operation of a hollow fiber membrane. The program aims to reach the eventual DOE program goal of > 90% CO{sub 2} capture from existing PC fired power plants with < 35% increase in the cost of electricity. The project involves closed-loop testing of commercial fiber bundles under simulated process conditions to test the mechanical integrity and operability of membrane module structural component under sub ambient temperature. A commercial MEDAL 12” bundle exhibited excellent mechanical integrity for 2 months. However, selectivity was ~25% lower than expected at sub-ambient conditions. This could be attributed to a small feed to permeate leak or bundle non-ideality. To investigate further, and due to compressor flow limitations, the 12” bundle was replaced with a 6” bundle to conduct tests with lower permeate/feed ratios, as originally planned. The commercial 6” bundle was used for both parametric testing as well as long-term stability testing at sub-ambient conditions. Parametric studies were carried out both near the start and end of the long-term test. The parametric studies characterized membrane performance over a broad range of feed conditions: temperature (-25°C to -45°C), pressure (160 psig to 200 psig), and CO{sub 2} feed concentration (18% to 12%). Performance of the membrane bundle was markedly better at lower temperature (-45ºC), higher pressure (200 psig) and higher CO{sub 2} feed concentration (18%). The long-term test was conducted at these experimentally determined “optimum” feed conditions. Membrane performance was stable over 8 months at sub-ambient temperature operation. The experimentally measured high performance of the membrane bundle at sub-ambient operating conditions provides justification for interest in sub-ambient membrane processing of flue gas. In a parallel activity, the impact of contaminants (100 ppm SOx and NOx

  6. La importancia de la educación ambiental ante la problemática actual

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Róger Martínez-Castillo

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Recibido 15 de febrero de 2010 • Aceptado 17 de marzo de 2010 • Corregido 05 de abril de 2010   El sistema de desarrollo dominante, con sus políticas neoliberales y enfoques mercado-céntricos contribuye a agravar los problemas socio-ambientales, bajo un contexto de la globalización del mercado. Por eso, la preocupación por el manejo sustentable del ambiente, hace imperiosa la necesidad de estructurar una educación ambiental que forme e informe acerca de esta problemática. En este sentido, la educación ambiental viene a constituir el proceso educativo que se ocupa de la relación del ser humano con su ambiente (natural y artificial y consigo mismo, así como las consecuencias de esta relación. De esta manera, la educación ambiental debe constituir un proceso integral, que juega su papel en todo el entramado de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje. Para ello, es necesario establecer un proceso educativo que cuestione la relación de cualquier tema o actividad del ser humano, dentro de un análisis de la importancia o incidencia en la vida social y ambiental, como es la parte pedagógica y su esencia política.

  7. LA DIMENSIÓN AMBIENTAL EN LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA INGENIERÍA INDUSTRIAL

    OpenAIRE

    Yolanda Arrón Mandilego; Cira Lidia Isaac Godínez

    2003-01-01

    La protección y conservación del medio ambiente es uno de los retos más importantes de la actualidad al que la humanidad ya ha comenzado a hacer frente. Cuba no ha estado ajena a esta problemática y ha trazado diversas estrategias, pero la de mayor repercusión es la de educación y divulgación ambiental.Sensibilidad ambiental, adquisición de conocimientos, aptitud para la resolución de problemas, for...

  8. Fundamento y límites de la potestad sancionadora administrativa en materia ambiental

    OpenAIRE

    Bermúdez Soto,Jorge

    2013-01-01

    El ejercicio de la potestad sancionadora de la Administración del Estado en el ámbito ambiental es manifestación de la importancia que la protección del medio ambiente ha adquirido en la sociedad y de la asunción de la misma como función pública. El ejercicio de este poder se encuentra limitado tanto por los principios generales aplicables, pero además se somete a límites específicos al ámbito ambiental. Dichos límites pueden ser categorizados en tres clases: orgánicos, procedimentales y sust...

  9. Ambient Intelligence 2.0: Towards Synergetic Prosperity

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aarts, Emile; Grotenhuis, Frits

    Ten years of research in Ambient Intelligence have revealed that the original ideas and assertions about the way the concept should develop no longer hold and should be substantially revised. Early scenario's in Ambient Intelligence envisioned a world in which individuals could maximally exploit personalized, context aware, wireless devices thus enabling them to become maximally productive, while living at an unprecedented pace. Environments would become smart and proactive, enriching and enhancing the experience of participants thus supporting maximum leisure possibly even at the risk of alienation. New insights have revealed that these brave new world scenarios are no longer desirable and that people are more in for a balanced approach in which technology should serve people instead of driving them to the max. We call this novel approach Synergetic Prosperity, referring to meaningful digital solutions that balance mind and body, and society and earth thus contributing to a prosperous and sustainable development of mankind.

  10. Gestão Cooperativa, Ambiente Institucional e Sociocultural: o caso Brasil-Paraguai

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Resquetti Tarifa

    Full Text Available Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as influências do ambiente institucional e sociocultural na gestão cooperativista da C. Vale - Cooperativa Agroindustrial comparativamente às unidades brasileiras paranaenses mais representativas e as unidades sediadas no Paraguai. As análises do ambiente institucional tomaram como base a Nova Economia Institucional com ênfase na teoria de Douglass North (1990 sobre as instituições e ocorreram com entrevistas in loco a cada unidade cooperativa contemplada pela amostra. As análises do ambiente cultural pautaram-se na caracterização da cultura organizacional de cada unidade cooperativa, conforme o Competing Value Model desenvolvido por Cameron e Quinn (1998. As análises do ambiente social se embasaram no conceito teórico de capital social e nas respectivas características identificadas nas unidades, por meio da adaptação do modelo proposto pelo grupo de estudos do Banco Mundial (BM, elaborado por Grootaert et al. (2003, via análises de conteúdo e das entrevistas realizadas. Como resultado à problemática estabelecida, concluiu-se que, mesmo a C. Vale sendo uma única cooperativa, há influências do ambiente institucional e sociocultural no processo de gestão nas unidades cooperativas paranaenses e paraguaias. Por fim, conforme a proposta de agrupamento das unidades cooperativas com base nos dados coletados, foram identificados quatro clusters específicos.

  11. Impact of ambient environment on the electronic structure of CuPc/Au sample

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sinha, Sumona; Mukherjee, M.

    2018-02-01

    The performances of organic devices are crucially connected with their stability in the ambient environment. The impact of 24 h. Ambient environment exposure to the electronic structures of about 12 nm thick CuPc thin film on clean Au substrate have been studied employing UV photoemission spectroscopy technique. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) was used to find out the origin of the change of the electronic structures in the sample with the exposure. The XPS study suggests that the oxidation occurs at the CuPc thin film. Due to the adsorption of oxygen in the CuPc film from the ambient air, charge carriers are formed within the CuPc film. Moreover, the XPS results imply that the CuPc film is sufficiently thinner for diffusing oxygen molecules through it and gets physically absorbed on Au substrate during the ambient exposure. Consequently, the hole injection barrier height of pristine CuPc film, grown on Au substrate, is reduced by about 0.50 eV and work-function of the pristine CuPc sample is enhanced by around 0.25 eV in the exposure. The findings will help to understand the mechanism that governs the degradation of performance of CuPc based devices in ambient environment.

  12. Comparison of System Identification Methods using Ambient Bridge Test Data

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Andersen, P.; Brincker, Rune; Peeters, B.

    1999-01-01

    In this paper the performance of four different system identification methods is compared using operational data obtained from an ambient vibration test of the Swiss Z24 highway bridge. The four methods are the frequency domain based peak-picking methods, the polyreference LSCE method, the stocha......In this paper the performance of four different system identification methods is compared using operational data obtained from an ambient vibration test of the Swiss Z24 highway bridge. The four methods are the frequency domain based peak-picking methods, the polyreference LSCE method...

  13. Gestão ambiental do produto: Rumo à sustentabilidade industrial

    OpenAIRE

    Pereira, João

    2011-01-01

    Vários estudos têm demonstrado que somente o melhoramento dos processos de manufatura não é suficiente para amenizar os problemas ambientais. Este artigo descreve a evolução das medidas adotadas para reduzir os impactos ambientais no setor industrial, destaca a importância da gestão ambiental como passo inicial e apresenta os benefícios de se considerar as questões ambientais na fase de desenvolvimento do produto. Define a gestão ambiental do produto e como esta pode conciliar competitividade...

  14. Atlas de Riesgo Ambiental Aplicado en Marinas del Espacio SUDOE

    OpenAIRE

    Avendaño Castro, Pablo A.

    2016-01-01

    RESUMEN: Se analizan 418 marinas del sudoeste europeo utilizando una metodología de evaluación de riesgo ambiental diseñada en el IH Cantabria por Gómez et al. (2016). La zona de estudio es la zona costera del área elegible SUDOE y la región de la Macaronesia, comprendiendo las naciones de Francia (sudoeste), España, Portugal y Reino Unido (Gibraltar). Se obtiene el valor del riesgo ambiental a partir de la estimación de las consecuencias (factores de navegación, dragado y entorno), vulnerabi...

  15. Review of Small Commercial Sensors for Indicative Monitoring of Ambient Gas

    OpenAIRE

    ALEIXANDRE Manuel; GERBOLES Michel

    2012-01-01

    The traditional ambient gases monitor stations are expensive, big and of complex operation. So they are not suitable for a network of sensors that cover large areas. To cover large areas these traditional systems algorithms usually interpolates the measurements to calculate the gas concentrations in points far away of the physical sensors. Small commercial sensors represent a big opportunity for making sensor networks that monitor the ambient gases within large areas w...

  16. Photoelectron spectroscopy under ambient pressure and temperature conditions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Frank Ogletree, D.; Bluhm, Hendrik; Hebenstreit, Eleonore D.; Salmeron, Miquel

    2009-01-01

    We describe the development and applications of novel instrumentation for photoemission spectroscopy of solid or liquid surfaces in the presence of gases under ambient conditions of pressure and temperature. The new instrument overcomes the strong scattering of electrons in gases by the use of an aperture close to the surface followed by a differentially-pumped electrostatic lens system. In addition to the scattering problem, experiments in the presence of condensed water or other liquids require the development of special sample holders to provide localized cooling. We discuss the first two generations of Ambient Pressure PhotoEmission Spectroscopy (APPES) instruments developed at synchrotron light sources (ALS in Berkeley and BESSY in Berlin), with special focus on the Berkeley instruments. Applications to environmental science and catalytic chemical research are illustrated in two examples.

  17. Exporeciclaje 2015. Estrategia de educación ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    César Morales

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available La educación ambiental se facilita por el uso de actividades vivenciales (González, 2012. Esta investigación del tipo sistematización de experiencias (Martinic, 1984 tiene como finalidad la reflexión de los aprendizajes derivados de la actividad “exporeciclaje 2015”. El propósito de esta fue favorecer la formación de una consciencia ecológica en la escuela y disminuir la contaminación usando el reciclaje. Se instalaron 8 stands donde se dictaron charlas sobre la problemática en cuestión. La interacción indica que los estudiantes reconocieron la importancia del aprovechamiento de residuos con la finalidad de darle un mayor tiempo de vida útil, contribuyendo con el uso racional del ambiente.

  18. Influence of low ambient temperature on epitympanic temperature measurement: a prospective randomized clinical study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Strapazzon, Giacomo; Procter, Emily; Putzer, Gabriel; Avancini, Giovanni; Dal Cappello, Tomas; Überbacher, Norbert; Hofer, Georg; Rainer, Bernhard; Rammlmair, Georg; Brugger, Hermann

    2015-11-05

    Epitympanic temperature (Tty) measured with thermistor probes correlates with core body temperature (Tcore), but the reliability of measurements at low ambient temperature is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if commercially-available thermistor-based Tty reflects Tcore in low ambient temperature and if Tty is influenced by insulation of the ear. Thirty-one participants (two females) were exposed to room (23.2 ± 0.4 °C) and low (-18.7 ± 1.0 °C) ambient temperature for 10 min using a randomized cross-over design. Tty was measured using an epitympanic probe (M1024233, GE Healthcare Finland Oy) and oesophageal temperature (Tes) with an oesophageal probe (M1024229, GE Healthcare Finland Oy) inserted into the lower third of the oesophagus. Ten participants wore ear protectors (Arton 2200, Emil Lux GmbH & Co. KG, Wermelskirchen, Switzerland) to insulate the ear from ambient air. During exposure to room temperature, mean Tty increased from 33.4 ± 1.5 to 34.2 ± 0.8 °C without insulation of the ear and from 35.0 ± 0.8 to 35.5 ± 0.7 °C with insulation. During exposure to low ambient temperature, mean Tty decreased from 32.4 ± 1.6 to 28.5 ± 2.0 °C without insulation and from 35.6 ± 0.6 to 35.2 ± 0.9 °C with insulation. The difference between Tty and Tes at low ambient temperature was reduced by 82% (from 7.2 to 1.3 °C) with insulation of the ear. Epitympanic temperature measurements are influenced by ambient temperature and deviate from Tes at room and low ambient temperature. Insulating the ear with ear protectors markedly reduced the difference between Tty and Tes and improved the stability of measurements. The use of models to correct Tty may be possible, but results should be validated in larger studies.

  19. Governança ambiental no Brasil: ecos do passado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    João Batista Drummond Câmara

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available O presente artigo trata de uma análise da ação governamental para o controle do uso dos recursos natno Brasil, desde o descobrimento, em 1500. Teve como objetivo compreender o processo de formulação e execução de políticas ambientais, considerando a evolução de conceitos, regras e instituições do período colonial até os dias atuais, caracterizando as bases históricas, institucionais e legais que moldaram a atual governança ambiental brasileira. A pesquisa foi realizada consultando referências bibliográficas e documentos governamentais com dados e informações diversos. Pode-se observar que ao longo da história do País, a ação governamental concentrou-se nas ações de comando e controle, com regras e instituições específicas para determinados recursos naturais, com pouca ou nenhuma integração com outras políticas ou processos gerenciais de uso de recursos naturais, situação que mudou significativamente após a instituição da Lei nº 6.938/81, da Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente, quando houve correspondência da evolução da gestão ambiental no Brasil com os conceitos, princípios, diretrizes e critérios de governança ambiental e seus resultados. Apesar dos avanços em direção aos critérios de reforma e modernização do Estado como descentralização, participação, democratização, capacitação gerencial, eficiência e eficácia, a relação da sociedade, do Governo e do setor privado com a natureza ainda reflete uma visão colonial utilitarista, imediatista e de uso insustentável dos recursos naturais, aliada a problemas de execução das normas e regras, causando degradação ambiental e comprometendo o desenvolvimento sustentável. Indicam a necessidade de se avaliar mais criticamente os alcances da Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente em função da contínua perda dos recursos e serviços ambientais e o elevado padrão de consumo da sociedade em bases não sustentáveis, requerendo mudanças de

  20. High mortality of Red Sea zooplankton under ambient solar radiation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Al-Aidaroos, Ali M; El-Sherbiny, Mohsen M O; Satheesh, Sathianeson; Mantha, Gopikrishna; Agustī, Susana; Carreja, Beatriz; Duarte, Carlos M

    2014-01-01

    High solar radiation along with extreme transparency leads to high penetration of solar radiation in the Red Sea, potentially harmful to biota inhabiting the upper water column, including zooplankton. Here we show, based on experimental assessments of solar radiation dose-mortality curves on eight common taxa, the mortality of zooplankton in the oligotrophic waters of the Red Sea to increase steeply with ambient levels of solar radiation in the Red Sea. Responses curves linking solar radiation doses with zooplankton mortality were evaluated by exposing organisms, enclosed in quartz bottles, allowing all the wavelengths of solar radiation to penetrate, to five different levels of ambient solar radiation (100%, 21.6%, 7.2%, 3.2% and 0% of solar radiation). The maximum mortality rates under ambient solar radiation levels averaged (±standard error of the mean, SEM) 18.4±5.8% h(-1), five-fold greater than the average mortality in the dark for the eight taxa tested. The UV-B radiation required for mortality rates to reach ½ of maximum values averaged (±SEM) 12±5.6 h(-1)% of incident UVB radiation, equivalent to the UV-B dose at 19.2±2.7 m depth in open coastal Red Sea waters. These results confirm that Red Sea zooplankton are highly vulnerable to ambient solar radiation, as a consequence of the combination of high incident radiation and high water transparency allowing deep penetration of damaging UV-B radiation. These results provide evidence of the significance of ambient solar radiation levels as a stressor of marine zooplankton communities in tropical, oligotrophic waters. Because the oligotrophic ocean extends across 70% of the ocean surface, solar radiation can be a globally-significant stressor for the ocean ecosystem, by constraining zooplankton use of the upper levels of the water column and, therefore, the efficiency of food transfer up the food web in the oligotrophic ocean.

  1. Effects of Ambient Air Pollution Exposure on Olfaction: A Review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ajmani, Gaurav S; Suh, Helen H; Pinto, Jayant M

    2016-11-01

    Olfactory dysfunction affects millions of people worldwide. This sensory impairment is associated with neurodegenerative disease and significantly decreased quality of life. Exposure to airborne pollutants has been implicated in olfactory decline, likely due to the anatomic susceptibility of the olfactory nerve to the environment. Historically, studies have focused on occupational exposures, but more recent studies have considered effects from exposure to ambient air pollutants. To examine all relevant human data evaluating a link between ambient pollution exposure and olfaction and to review supporting animal data in order to examine potential mechanisms for pollution-associated olfactory loss. We identified and reviewed relevant articles from 1950 to 2015 using PubMed and Web of Science and focusing on human epidemiologic and pathophysiologic studies. Animal studies were included only to support pertinent data on humans. We reviewed findings from these studies evaluating a relationship between environmental pollutant exposure and olfactory function. We identified and reviewed 17 articles, with 1 additional article added from a bibliography search, for a total of 18 human studies. There is evidence in human epidemiologic and pathologic studies that increased exposure to ambient air pollutants is associated with olfactory dysfunction. However, most studies have used proxies for pollution exposure in small samples of convenience. Human pathologic studies, with supporting animal work, have also shown that air pollution can contact the olfactory epithelium, translocate to the olfactory bulb, and migrate to the olfactory cortex. Pollutants can deposit at each location, causing direct damage and disruption of tissue morphology or inducing local inflammation and cellular stress responses. Ambient air pollution may impact human olfactory function. Additional studies are needed to examine air pollution-related olfactory impacts on the general population using measured

  2. High mortality of Red Sea zooplankton under ambient solar radiation.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ali M Al-Aidaroos

    Full Text Available High solar radiation along with extreme transparency leads to high penetration of solar radiation in the Red Sea, potentially harmful to biota inhabiting the upper water column, including zooplankton. Here we show, based on experimental assessments of solar radiation dose-mortality curves on eight common taxa, the mortality of zooplankton in the oligotrophic waters of the Red Sea to increase steeply with ambient levels of solar radiation in the Red Sea. Responses curves linking solar radiation doses with zooplankton mortality were evaluated by exposing organisms, enclosed in quartz bottles, allowing all the wavelengths of solar radiation to penetrate, to five different levels of ambient solar radiation (100%, 21.6%, 7.2%, 3.2% and 0% of solar radiation. The maximum mortality rates under ambient solar radiation levels averaged (±standard error of the mean, SEM 18.4±5.8% h(-1, five-fold greater than the average mortality in the dark for the eight taxa tested. The UV-B radiation required for mortality rates to reach ½ of maximum values averaged (±SEM 12±5.6 h(-1% of incident UVB radiation, equivalent to the UV-B dose at 19.2±2.7 m depth in open coastal Red Sea waters. These results confirm that Red Sea zooplankton are highly vulnerable to ambient solar radiation, as a consequence of the combination of high incident radiation and high water transparency allowing deep penetration of damaging UV-B radiation. These results provide evidence of the significance of ambient solar radiation levels as a stressor of marine zooplankton communities in tropical, oligotrophic waters. Because the oligotrophic ocean extends across 70% of the ocean surface, solar radiation can be a globally-significant stressor for the ocean ecosystem, by constraining zooplankton use of the upper levels of the water column and, therefore, the efficiency of food transfer up the food web in the oligotrophic ocean.

  3. Economical and ambient sustainability: an ideal of the international society Sustentabilidade econômica e ambiental: um ideal da sociedade internacional

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marlene Kempfer Bassoli

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available The incorporation of the environmental issue by international offices and regional blocks in the last decades, has demonstrated a growing preoccupation with the road to sustainable socio-economic development. The contemporary development process, consolidated by the capitalist production model, has exercised great influence on society in general. This globalized economic model gave rise to a new network of relations which have affected the political structures of the States. Thus, among the many concerns involving these changes is the incorporation of environmental values to reach sustainable development, to promote economic development taking into account environment protection and social justice. In face of the transnacionality issue and the importance of the objective at hand, it is fundamental to raise people’s awareness of the legal harmonization issue.A incorporação do tema ambiental por organismos internacionais e blocos regionais, ao longo das últimas décadas do século XX, demonstra uma lenta preocupação com o caminho do desenvolvimento sócio-econômico sustentável. O processo de desenvolvimento, que se consolidou a partir do modo de produção capitalista, exerceu influência sobre a sociedade de um modo geral. Um modelo econômico de efeito globalizante, trouxe à tona uma nova rede de relações, com reflexos, inclusive, nas estruturas políticas dos Estados. Assim, entre as necessárias preocupações, diante das mudanças, está a incorporação de valores relacionados ao meio ambiente para alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável, ou seja, desenvolvimento econômico com preservação do meio ambiente e justiça social. Diante da transnacionalidade da questão ambiental e para alcançar tal objetivo, é fundamental despertar para a consciência do caminho da harmonização legislativa.

  4. Reflexiones sobre el enfoque social de la relación Medio Ambiente - Deporte en Cuba

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Emilio Valladares Fuente

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se exponen algunas reflexiones sobre la relación medio ambiente y deporte basado en fundamentos históricos y sociológicos que sustentan la dependencia existente entre el entorno y la actividad humana, especialmente la relacionada con la cultura física y el deporte. Primeramente se realiza una relatoría sobre el medio ambiente y la educación ambiental mencionando los eventos más importantes celebrados sobre esta temática internacionalmente y la situación en Cuba antes y después del triunfo de la Revolución. A pesar de los adelantos y las ventajas que ofrecen los programas educativos del proyecto social cubano existen en la actualidad algunas insuficiencias en cuanto al desarrollo masivo y consciente de la educación ambiental, por eso esta es una contribución con esta labor, a partir de una estrategia ambiental como parte de las tareas de un proyecto internacional de medio ambiente y deportes GSA: Alianza Global del Deporte. En el artículo se ofrecen algunos detalles en cuanto al funcionamiento y los logros de este proyecto que además forma parte de la estrategia ambiental de la Dirección del INDER en Pinar del Río y recientemente, el 11 de noviembre del 2009, fue premiado como uno de los tres mejores del mundo por la labor desempeñada desde su establecimiento en marzo del 2006.

  5. Herencia de la resistencia al virus del mosaico deformante del pimentón PepDMV en Capsicum Inheritance of resistance to the deforming pepper mosaic virus, PepDMV, in Capsicum

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mario Augusto García Dávila

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available En busca de determinar el modo de herencia de la resistencia en tres materiales resistentes, se hicieron cruzamientos hacia tres líneas susceptibles. Se siguió el método del retrocruzamiento propuesto por Warner (1952 fundamentado en el modelo matemático de Fisher Immer y Tedin (1932 descrito con detalle por Mater (1949 y Jenkins (1982, 1984 en el cual se descompone la varianza genética en tres componentes: aditiva, dominancia y epistática. El modelo del retrocruzamiento incluye los dos parentales, el hibrido de la primera generación y la autofecunfación de la F1 para formar la población F2 y las retrocruzas hacia ambos padres. Las poblaciones fueron evaluadas a resistencia al virus del mosaico del pimentón PepDMV en condiciones de invernadero. Los resultados mostraron que el modelo aditivodominancia explicó la resistencia en los híbridos formados entre materiales resistentes y susceptibles. Los genes con acción heredable transmiten a la descendencia el efecto de resistencia. La ganancia de la resistencia viral se da por la presencia de parentales resistentes.With the aim to determine the mode of inheritance in three resistant materials, crosses were performed towards three susceptible lines. We followed the backcrossing method used by Warner (1952, based on the mathematical model of Fisher Immer and tedin (1932, described in detail by Mater (1949 and Jenkins (1982, 1984. In this method the genetic variance is partitioned into three components: additive, dominant and epistatic. The backcross method includes the two parents, the F1 hybrid, and the self-pollination of the F1 to form the F2 population, and the backcrosses to both parents. The populations were evaluated for resistance to the pepper mosaic virusPepDMV in greenhouse conditions. The results showed that the model additive-dominant explained the resistance in the hybrids formed between resistant and susceptible material. The genes with heritable action transmit to their

  6. Variation of indoor radon concentration and ambient dose equivalent rate in different outdoor and indoor environments

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Stojanovska, Zdenka; Janevik, Emilija; Taleski, Vaso [Goce Delcev University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Stip (Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of); Boev, Blazo [Goce Delcev University, Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, Stip (Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of); Zunic, Zora S. [University of Belgrade, Institute of Nuclear Sciences ' ' Vinca' ' , Belgrade (Serbia); Ivanova, Kremena; Tsenova, Martina [National Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia (Bulgaria); Ristova, Mimoza [University in Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematic, Institute of Physics, Skopje (Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of); Ajka, Sorsa [Croatian Geological Survey, Zagreb (Croatia); Bossew, Peter [German Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Berlin (Germany)

    2016-05-15

    Subject of this study is an investigation of the variations of indoor radon concentration and ambient dose equivalent rate in outdoor and indoor environments of 40 dwellings, 31 elementary schools and five kindergartens. The buildings are located in three municipalities of two, geologically different, areas of the Republic of Macedonia. Indoor radon concentrations were measured by nuclear track detectors, deployed in the most occupied room of the building, between June 2013 and May 2014. During the deploying campaign, indoor and outdoor ambient dose equivalent rates were measured simultaneously at the same location. It appeared that the measured values varied from 22 to 990 Bq/m{sup 3} for indoor radon concentrations, from 50 to 195 nSv/h for outdoor ambient dose equivalent rates, and from 38 to 184 nSv/h for indoor ambient dose equivalent rates. The geometric mean value of indoor to outdoor ambient dose equivalent rates was found to be 0.88, i.e. the outdoor ambient dose equivalent rates were on average higher than the indoor ambient dose equivalent rates. All measured can reasonably well be described by log-normal distributions. A detailed statistical analysis of factors which influence the measured quantities is reported. (orig.)

  7. Representaciones sociales de la crisis ambiental en futuros profesores de química

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yair Alexander Porras Contreras

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Resumen La crisis ambiental, como crisis civilizatoria, emerge de las interacciones poco efectivas entre los subsistemas biofísicos, sociales y culturales, constituyéndose en un riesgo global que trasciende el dominio material, para posicionarse en una categoría que involucra el significado y el sentido de la realidad. De esta manera, las ideas, creencias y concepciones que elaboran los profesores en formación inicial sobre la crisis ambiental, se convierten en derroteros desde los cuales se construye su saber pedagógico y su praxis educativa en relación con el ambiente. El propósito del presente artículo consiste en reconocer las representaciones sociales de la crisis ambiental, que circulan en un grupo de profesores en formación inicial de la Licenciatura en Química de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional de Colombia (UPN, tomando como referente el enfoque estructural de la representación social.

  8. Potential Ambient Energy-Harvesting Sources and Techniques

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yildiz, Faruk

    2009-01-01

    Ambient energy harvesting is also known as energy scavenging or power harvesting, and it is the process where energy is obtained from the environment. A variety of techniques are available for energy scavenging, including solar and wind powers, ocean waves, piezoelectricity, thermoelectricity, and physical motions. For example, some systems…

  9. Modelo de sistema de gestión ambiental para formar universidades ambientalmente sostenibles en Colombia.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rivas Marín María Isabel

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available Los campus sostenibles han llegado a ser uno de los principales objetivos de las agendas universitarias como resultado de los impactos generados por las actividades que allí se desarrollan y que afectan el medio ambiente. Por ello, existen sistemas de gestión ambiental, los cuales son el conjunto de prácticas, procedimientos, procesos y recursos necesarios para cumplir con una normativa ambiental en las empresas y están enfocados a la reducción de los impactos sobre el medio ambiente y a la efi ciencia en los procesos. En las Universidades, aún siendo consideradas empresas, estos sistemas no funcionan de manera eficiente, lo que hace necesario y urgente que un modelo de sistema de gestión ambiental sea adecuado y que, por medio de la enseñanza y la investigación, se ayude la sociedad a lograr la transición a estilos de vida sostenibles.

  10. Retrieval of reflections from ambient noise using illumination diagnosis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vidal, C. Almagro; Draganov, D.; van der Neut, J.; Drijkoningen, G.; Wapenaar, K.

    2014-09-01

    Seismic interferometry (SI) enables the retrieval of virtual sources at the location of receivers. In the case of passive SI, no active sources are used for the retrieval of the reflection response of the subsurface, but ambient-noise recordings only. The resulting retrieved response is determined by the illumination characteristics of the recorded ambient noise. Characteristics like geometrical distribution and signature of the noise sources, together with the complexity of the medium and the length of the noise records, determine the quality of the retrieved virtual-shot events. To retrieve body wave reflections, one needs to correlate body-wave noise. A source of such noise might be regional seismicity. In regions with notable human presence, the dominant noise sources are generally located at or close to the surface. In the latter case, the noise will be dominated by surface waves and consequently also the retrieved virtual common-source panels will contain dominant retrieved surface waves, drowning out possible retrieved reflections. In order to retrieve reflection events, suppression of the surface waves becomes the most important pre-processing goal. Because of the reasons mentioned above, we propose a fast method to evaluate the illumination characteristics of ambient noise using the correlation results from ambient-noise records. The method is based on the analysis of the so-called source function of the retrieved virtual-shot panel, and evaluates the apparent slowness of arrivals in the correlation results that pass through the position of the virtual source and at zero time. The results of the diagnosis are used to suppress the retrieval of surface waves and therefore to improve the quality of the retrieved reflection response. We explain the approach using modelled data from transient and continuous noise sources and an example from a passive field data set recorded at Annerveen, Northern Netherlands.

  11. A high-resolution ambient seismic noise model for Europe

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kraft, Toni

    2014-05-01

    In the past several years, geological energy technologies receive growing attention and have been initiated in or close to urban areas. Some of these technologies involve injecting fluids into the subsurface (e.g., oil and gas development, waste disposal, and geothermal energy development) and have been found or suspected to cause small to moderate sized earthquakes. These earthquakes, which may have gone unnoticed in the past when they occurred in remote sparsely populated areas, are now posing a considerable risk for the public acceptance of these technologies in urban areas. The permanent termination of the EGS project in Basel, Switzerland after a number of induced ML~3 (minor) earthquakes in 2006 is one prominent example. It is therefore essential to the future development and success of these geological energy technologies to develop strategies for managing induced seismicity and keeping the size of induced earthquake at a level that is acceptable to all stakeholders. Most guidelines and recommendations on induced seismicity published since the 1970ies conclude that an indispensable component of such a strategy is the establishment of seismic monitoring in an early stage of a project. This is because an appropriate seismic monitoring is the only way to detect and locate induced microearthquakes with sufficient certainty to develop an understanding of the seismic and geomechanical response of the reservoir to the geotechnical operation. In addition, seismic monitoring lays the foundation for the establishment of advanced traffic light systems and is therefore an important confidence building measure towards the local population and authorities. Due to this development an increasing number of seismic monitoring networks are being installed in densely populated areas with strongly heterogeneous, and unfavorable ambient noise conditions. This poses a major challenge on the network design process, which aims to find the sensor geometry that optimizes the

  12. Enhancing the performance of tungsten doped InZnO thin film transistors via sequential ambient annealing

    Science.gov (United States)

    Park, Hyun-Woo; Song, Aeran; Kwon, Sera; Choi, Dukhyun; Kim, Younghak; Jun, Byung-Hyuk; Kim, Han-Ki; Chung, Kwun-Bum

    2018-03-01

    This study suggests a sequential ambient annealing process as an excellent post-treatment method to enhance the device performance and stability of W (tungsten) doped InZnO thin film transistors (WIZO-TFTs). Sequential ambient annealing at 250 °C significantly enhanced the device performance and stability of WIZO-TFTs, compared with other post-treatment methods, such as air ambient annealing and vacuum ambient annealing at 250 °C. To understand the enhanced device performance and stability of WIZO-TFT with sequential ambient annealing, we investigate the correlations between device performance and stability and electronic structures, such as band alignment, a feature of the conduction band, and band edge states below the conduction band. The enhanced performance of WIZO-TFTs with sequential ambient annealing is related to the modification of the electronic structure. In addition, the dominant mechanism responsible for the enhanced device performance and stability of WIZO-TFTs is considered to be a change in the shallow-level and deep-level band edge states below the conduction band.

  13. Electric Power From Ambient Energy Sources

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    DeSteese, John G.; Hammerstrom, Donald J.; Schienbein, Lawrence A.

    2000-10-03

    This report summarizes research on opportunities to produce electric power from ambient sources as an alternative to using portable battery packs or hydrocarbon-fueled systems in remote areas. The work was an activity in the Advanced Concepts Project conducted by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for the Office of Research and Development in the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nonproliferation and National Security.

  14. THE EFFECTS OF AMBIENT SCENT ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    OLAHUT Meda Roxana

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available The main purpose of this paper is to present an extended literature review of relevant empirical studies which examine the effect of ambient scent on consumers' perception, consumers' emotions and consumers' behavioral responses in the context of retailing. Compared with other atmospheric stimuli (such as background music, ambient scent has received little attention from researchers. This paper is also concentrated on identifying de principal dimensions of ambient scent (presence versus absence; congruity versus incongruity and pleasantness versus unpleasantness and examined how these dimensions of ambient scent have an impact on evaluation of a product, of a store or of a shopping mall and their impact on shopping behavior within a store. The paper also presented the Gulas and Bloch (1995 model, a complex conceptual framework on the influence of ambient scent on consumer responses, in their model the authors introduced the influence of mediating factors on behavioral responses to scent. Their model is a first step on the understanding the role of ambient scent in influencing consumer behavior. Davis, Kooijman and Ward (2003 extending and elaborating the Gulas and Bloch (1995 model by introducing concepts from cognate disciplines and examines mediating factors that help shape the emotional and behavioural responses that are stimulated to encompass current research on human olfaction and brings another specific points for future research. Based on the results of the relevant studies the authors of the present paper concludes by identifying gaps in the literature and suggest future research to explore how the use of scent help to create an overall store atmosphere which influence shopping behavior in the context of retailing.

  15. DIVERSAS CONSIDERACIONES Y APROXIMACIONES A LA NOCIÓN DE COMPLEJIDAD AMBIENTAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eschenhagen María Luisa

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available En el ámbito ambiental, el concepto de complejidad ya es indispensable. Pero no siempre queda claro a qué hace específicamente referencia. El concepto de complejidad resulta ser bastante amplio y rico. Para poder apreciar y potenciar esta riqueza teórica, resulta necesario plantear, señalar y diferenciar las diferentes aproximaciones posibles. Prim ero, se presentarán los planteamientos de la complejidad desde las llamadas «ciencias duras»Í¾ en segundo lugar, se señala cómo las «ciencias sociales» vienen incorporando la idea de complejidad, para finalmente revisar cómo se está proponiendo y elaborando la complejidad ambiental. Para fortalecer el pensamiento ambiental resulta indispensable ir diferenciando los conceptos sobre los cuales se quiere construir así como reconocer las riquezas o limitaciones que ofrecen los conceptos.

  16. Gestão local e meio ambiente Local management and environment

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo Gonzaga M. de Carvalho

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é, a partir das informações disponibilizadas pela Pesquisa de Informações Básicas Municipais do IBGE, analisar três variáveis: a existência de Conselhos Municipais de Meio Ambiente, de Fundos Especiais de Meio Ambiente e de legislação sobre Áreas de Interesse Especial. Dentre outros aspectos, examina-se a incidência dos Conselhos Municipais de Meio Ambiente tendo em vista a bacia hidrográfica e o partido do prefeito.Based on the information available on the Municipal Basic Information Research of IBGE, this article aims to analyze three variables: the existence of Municipal Councils for the Environment, Special Funds for the Environment and Legislation on Areas of Special Interest. Among other aspects, it examines the incidence of Municipal Councils for the Environment having in mind the hydrographic basin and the Mayor Political Party.

  17. Superconductor shields test chamber from ambient magnetic fields

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hildebrandt, A. F.

    1965-01-01

    Shielding a test chamber for magnetic components enables it to maintain a constant, low magnetic field. The chamber is shielded from ambient magnetic fields by a lead foil cylinder maintained in a superconducting state by liquid helium.

  18. Ambient intelligence & personalization : people's perspectives on information privacy

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Garde - Perik, van de E.M.

    2009-01-01

    Current developments towards Ambient Intelligence and related technological visions of the future are founded on continuous collection of information about individuals and their activities. This collection of information, its potentially persistent storage, dissemination and use raise privacy

  19. Microflora fúngica de sementes de milho em ambientes de armazenamento

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tanaka Maria Aparecida de Souza

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Durante o armazenamento, vários fungos podem permanecer associados às sementes de milho, causando deterioração ou se mantendo viáveis, infectando posteriormente a plântula. Objetivou-se neste trabalho verificar a sobrevivência de fungos associados às sementes de milho durante 12 meses de armazenamento, em câmara fria (14ºC; 40% UR e em ambiente não controlado. Observaram-se com maior freqüência os fungos de campo Alternaria alternata, Bipolaris maydis, Cephalosporium acremonium, Cladosporium herbarum, Fusarium moniliforme e Rhizoctonia solani, além de Rhizopus spp. e Trichoderma spp., cuja sobrevivência decresceu ao longo do armazenamento, de modo muito mais acentuado em condição de ambiente não controlado, em comparação à câmara fria. Aspergillus e Penicillium tiveram suas incidências aumentadas ao longo do período, principalmente em ambiente não controlado. Nessa condição, a sobrevivência de Fusarium moniliforme foi reduzida gradativamente até o final dos doze meses; comparativamente, em câmara fria, a viabilidade do fungo foi menos afetada. Bipolaris maydis manteve-se viável na maioria dos lotes, durante todo o armazenamento em câmara fria; em ambiente não controlado, o fungo sobreviveu durante quatro a dez meses, dependendo do lote avaliado. O armazenamento em ambiente não controlado, embora tenha provocado a redução do inóculo de F. moniliforme e outros fungos importantes, poderia acelerar o processo de deterioração das sementes. Em câmara fria, por outro lado, a viabilidade dos fungos é favorecida, comprometendo a qualidade sanitária das sementes.

  20. Burden of disease attributed to ambient air pollution in Thailand: A GIS-based approach.

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    Chayut Pinichka

    Full Text Available Growing urbanisation and population requiring enhanced electricity generation as well as the increasing numbers of fossil fuel in Thailand pose important challenges to air quality management which impacts on the health of the population. Mortality attributed to ambient air pollution is one of the sustainable development goals (SDGs. We estimated the spatial pattern of mortality burden attributable to selected ambient air pollution in 2009 based on the empirical evidence in Thailand.We estimated the burden of disease attributable to ambient air pollution based on the comparative risk assessment (CRA framework developed by the World Health Organization (WHO and the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD. We integrated geographical information systems (GIS-based exposure assessments into spatial interpolation models to estimate ambient air pollutant concentrations, the population distribution of exposure and the concentration-response (CR relationship to quantify ambient air pollution exposure and associated mortality. We obtained air quality data from the Pollution Control Department (PCD of Thailand surface air pollution monitoring network sources and estimated the CR relationship between relative risk (RR and concentration of air pollutants from the epidemiological literature.We estimated 650-38,410 ambient air pollution-related fatalities and 160-5,982 fatalities that could have been avoided with a 20 reduction in ambient air pollutant concentrations. The summation of population-attributable fraction (PAF of the disease burden for all-causes mortality in adults due to NO2 and PM2.5 were the highest among all air pollutants at 10% and 7.5%, respectively. The PAF summation of PM2.5 for lung cancer and cardiovascular disease were 16.8% and 14.6% respectively and the PAF summations of mortality attributable to PM10 was 3.4% for all-causes mortality, 1.7% for respiratory and 3.8% for cardiovascular mortality, while the PAF summation of mortality

  1. Burden of disease attributed to ambient air pollution in Thailand: A GIS-based approach.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pinichka, Chayut; Makka, Nuttapat; Sukkumnoed, Decharut; Chariyalertsak, Suwat; Inchai, Puchong; Bundhamcharoen, Kanitta

    2017-01-01

    Growing urbanisation and population requiring enhanced electricity generation as well as the increasing numbers of fossil fuel in Thailand pose important challenges to air quality management which impacts on the health of the population. Mortality attributed to ambient air pollution is one of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). We estimated the spatial pattern of mortality burden attributable to selected ambient air pollution in 2009 based on the empirical evidence in Thailand. We estimated the burden of disease attributable to ambient air pollution based on the comparative risk assessment (CRA) framework developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD). We integrated geographical information systems (GIS)-based exposure assessments into spatial interpolation models to estimate ambient air pollutant concentrations, the population distribution of exposure and the concentration-response (CR) relationship to quantify ambient air pollution exposure and associated mortality. We obtained air quality data from the Pollution Control Department (PCD) of Thailand surface air pollution monitoring network sources and estimated the CR relationship between relative risk (RR) and concentration of air pollutants from the epidemiological literature. We estimated 650-38,410 ambient air pollution-related fatalities and 160-5,982 fatalities that could have been avoided with a 20 reduction in ambient air pollutant concentrations. The summation of population-attributable fraction (PAF) of the disease burden for all-causes mortality in adults due to NO2 and PM2.5 were the highest among all air pollutants at 10% and 7.5%, respectively. The PAF summation of PM2.5 for lung cancer and cardiovascular disease were 16.8% and 14.6% respectively and the PAF summations of mortality attributable to PM10 was 3.4% for all-causes mortality, 1.7% for respiratory and 3.8% for cardiovascular mortality, while the PAF summation of mortality attributable to

  2. Reforma constitucional y ambiente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Teodoro Bustamante

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available América Latina está atravesada por una ola de reformas constitucionales. Sus causas, las expectativas que ellas despiertan, los riesgos que se han asociado al proceso de lucha política en su entorno, son temas de un análisis fundamentalmente político; pero hay algunos aspectos en los cuales ese debate tiene una directa repercusión sobre el tema ambiental. En el caso del Ecuador, esto se refleja en el hecho de que una de las innovaciones que se proponen, se refieren a una nueva forma de abordar los temas ambientales, básicamente se establecen Derechos de la Naturaleza.

  3. Factores determinantes de la contaminación ambiental y del uso de los recursos naturales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Klaus Georg Binder

    2002-10-01

    Full Text Available Dentro de los factores determinantes de la utilización contaminante del medio ambiente y del uso de los recursos naturales encontramos: el crecimiento demográfico, el desarrollo económico (crecimiento económico, cambio de la estructura económica, progreso técnico, etc. y la concentración espacial de la población y su actividad económica. A causa de la interdependencia entre los factores determinantes de la utilización del medio ambiente, no se puede decir que el crecimiento económico en los países en desarrollo siempre aumente el uso de los recursos naturales y tenga un impacto negativo sobre la calidad del medio ambiente. La afirmación según la cual todo crecimiento económico implica impactos negativos sobre el medio ambiente, se basa en supuestos poco realistas. La magnitud de la economía es solamente uno de los factores que determinan la utilización del medio ambiente. La pregunta decisiva es si los factores determinantes que, tendencialmente, causan una disminución de la utilización del medio ambiente por unidad del producto interno bruto, puedan compensar con creces los impactos negativos del crecimiento económico.

  4. ¿Pueden ser los tributos una herramienta de protección del medio ambiente?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrés Blanco

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available La lesión humana al medio ambiente, adquiere una dimensión inusitada en el capitalismo, este modo de producción tiene una propensión intrínseca al crecimiento incesante. No es esperable en lo inmediato la desaparición del capitalismo, por lo que es improbable un cambio radical en esas condiciones desfavorables. Sin embargo, es imperioso proteger la naturaleza pues el daño causado tiende a ser irreversible. Es un imperativo ético y fácticamente puede aprovecharse la adaptabilidad de la economía capitalista. El modelo más famoso de tributo para proteger el medio ambiente es el de los impuestos pigouvianos que responden a la idea de que el impuesto a quien contamine constituye para éste un costo que compensa el “costo social” que supone el daño ambiental. Esta función es incompatible con preservar a todo trance el medio ambiente: su estructura de “pago por daño” convierte al medio ambiente en una mercancía más, cuyo precio es el impuesto. No impide el desarrollo de las actividades dañinas, el carácter monopólico u oligopólico de las grandes empresas contaminantes permite compensar el costo de estos impuestos con aumentos de precios. En consecuencia, sólo la prohibición de actividades es una medida de real protección del medio ambiente.

  5. (RE)PENSANDO A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES EM EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL

    OpenAIRE

    Oliveira, Maria Aparecida Nunes de

    2015-01-01

    A formação de professores em Educação Ambiental numa perspectiva crítica é um dos instrumentos imprescindíveis para a efetivação da dimensão ambiental na escola. Foi realizada uma investigação tendo como base uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, procurando analisar a formação dos professores em Educação Ambiental e como se dá a sua atuação na sala de aula no que se refere ao tratamento com as questões ambientais. A pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar as dificuldades enfrentadas por um ...

  6. Direct reform of graphite oxide electrodes by using ambient plasma for supercapacitor applications

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Ho Jun; Jeong, Hae Kyung

    2017-10-01

    Ambient plasma is applied to graphite oxide electrodes directly to improve electrochemical properties for supercapacitor applications. Surface morphology of the electrodes after the plasma treatment changes dramatically and amount of oxygen reduced significantly, demonstrating a reduction effect on the graphite oxide electrode by the ambient plasma. Equivalent series resistance of the electrode also reduced from 108 Ω to 84 Ω after the plasma treatment. Corresponding specific capacitance, therefore, increases from 0.45 F cm-2 to 0.85 F cm-2, proving that the ambient plasma treatment is very efficient, clean, economic, and environment-friendly method to reform the graphite oxide electrodes directly for the supercapacitor applications.

  7. Uncertainty associated with the gravimetric measurement of particulate matter concentration in ambient air.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lacey, Ronald E; Faulkner, William Brock

    2015-07-01

    This work applied a propagation of uncertainty method to typical total suspended particulate (TSP) sampling apparatus in order to estimate the overall measurement uncertainty. The objectives of this study were to estimate the uncertainty for three TSP samplers, develop an uncertainty budget, and determine the sensitivity of the total uncertainty to environmental parameters. The samplers evaluated were the TAMU High Volume TSP Sampler at a nominal volumetric flow rate of 1.42 m3 min(-1) (50 CFM), the TAMU Low Volume TSP Sampler at a nominal volumetric flow rate of 17 L min(-1) (0.6 CFM) and the EPA TSP Sampler at the nominal volumetric flow rates of 1.1 and 1.7 m3 min(-1) (39 and 60 CFM). Under nominal operating conditions the overall measurement uncertainty was found to vary from 6.1x10(-6) g m(-3) to 18.0x10(-6) g m(-3), which represented an uncertainty of 1.7% to 5.2% of the measurement. Analysis of the uncertainty budget determined that three of the instrument parameters contributed significantly to the overall uncertainty: the uncertainty in the pressure drop measurement across the orifice meter during both calibration and testing and the uncertainty of the airflow standard used during calibration of the orifice meter. Five environmental parameters occurring during field measurements were considered for their effect on overall uncertainty: ambient TSP concentration, volumetric airflow rate, ambient temperature, ambient pressure, and ambient relative humidity. Of these, only ambient TSP concentration and volumetric airflow rate were found to have a strong effect on the overall uncertainty. The technique described in this paper can be applied to other measurement systems and is especially useful where there are no methods available to generate these values empirically. This work addresses measurement uncertainty of TSP samplers used in ambient conditions. Estimation of uncertainty in gravimetric measurements is of particular interest, since as ambient particulate

  8. DIAGNÓSTICO AMBIENTAL DA GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS EM EMPRESA DE ESQUADRIAS DE MADEIRA, RS, BRASIL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Uecker Haas

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available A existência de uma conscientização geral em relação ao meio ambiente e às demandas ambientais fez surgir consumidores cada vez mais exigentes, proporcionando um impacto nas organizações. Nesse contexto, as empresas necessitam ampliar seus métodos estratégicos, visando a sua sobrevivência no atual mercado. A iniciativa e o comprometimento de ações ambientais ganham importância nessa esfera. A gestão ambiental favorece o desempenho das organizações, através da qualidade aplicada aos produtos e serviços desenvolvidos, considerando também os colaboradores que participam desse processo, proporcionando ao final uma maior lucratividade para a organização. Assim, o presente estudo objetivou realizar um Diagnóstico Ambiental em uma empresa de Esquadrias de Madeiras, localizada no Rio Grande do Sul, com intuito de verificar se existe a aplicação de práticas ambientais como modo de melhoria da qualidade ambiental dos procedimentos dessa organização. O Diagnóstico Ambiental é uma estimativa dos efeitos ou das interações das atividades de determinada corporação sobre o meio ambiente. É um modo de evitar que acidentes ambientais ocorram e de se buscar o aperfeiçoamento das técnicas de forma a minimizar os impactos sobre o meio ambiente. Palavras-chave: Diagnóstico ambiental. Gestão ambiental. Práticas ambientais.

  9. Environmentally Persistent Free Radical (EPFRs) - Ambient Air Particulates, Soils and Fate of Some Pollutants

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lomnicki, S. M.

    2017-12-01

    Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals (EPFRs) are relatively recently discovered species that are present on ambient air particulates. Their origin is typically associated with the combustion borne PM, where in the cool zone of the combustion process aromatic precursors react with the metal centers of particulates forming surface-organic complex with radical characteristics. EPFRs have been found to be sufficiently resistant to be emitted from the combustion sources and persist in the ambient air on particulates. Their inhalation has been associated with severe health effects, and potentially are one of the major agents contributing the epidemiological risks of PM exposure. Interestingly, EPFRs can be formed not only at the elevated temperatures but also in ambient conditions, where the contact of precursor molecules with transition metal (but not only) domains can result in adsorbate complexes. In fact, EPFRs have been detected in the contaminated soils, or during the oil spill incidents. It is very likely, that the interaction of some molecules released to the air can result in the formation of EPFRs on the ambient air particulates in atmospheric conditions. These species can be a natural degradation by-products that lead to the formation of oxygenated organics in ambient atmosphere.

  10. Microbiological Studies of Semi-Preserved Natural Condiments Paste Stored in Refrigerator and Ambient Temperature

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dien, H. A.; Montolalu, R. I.; Mentang, F.; Mandang, A. S. K.; Rahmi, A. D.; Berhimpon, S.

    2018-01-01

    The aims of this studies were to prepare juice and raw condiment to be come semipreserve pastes, and to do microbial assessments on the both pastes during storing in refrigerator and ambient temperatures. For both pastes in refrigerator, samples were taken at 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 days, and in ambient temperature samples were taken at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 days. Assessment were done for TPC, total coliform and E. coli, Salmonella sp, Staphylococcus sp., Vibrio sp., pH and water content. The results shown that juice paste stored in refrigerator still good until 30 days (TPC 1,5x104 CFU/g), and in ambient temperature still good until 6 days (2x104 CFU/g). Condiment paste stored in refrigerator still good until 30 days (6.5x103 CFU/g), and in ambient temperature still good until 6 days (1.17x104 CFU/g). However, recommended that condiment paste stored in ambient temperature only until 4 days (7.3x103CFU/g), while that juice paste until 5 days (7.8x103CFU/g). There were no pathogenic bacteria found in all samples.

  11. Ambient groundwater flow diminishes nitrogen cycling in streams

    Science.gov (United States)

    Azizian, M.; Grant, S. B.; Rippy, M.; Detwiler, R. L.; Boano, F.; Cook, P. L. M.

    2017-12-01

    Modeling and experimental studies demonstrate that ambient groundwater reduces hyporheic exchange, but the implications of this observation for stream N-cycling is not yet clear. We utilized a simple process-based model (the Pumping and Streamline Segregation or PASS model) to evaluate N- cycling over two scales of hyporheic exchange (fluvial ripples and riffle-pool sequences), ten ambient groundwater and stream flow scenarios (five gaining and losing conditions and two stream discharges), and three biogeochemical settings (identified based on a principal component analysis of previously published measurements in streams throughout the United States). Model-data comparisons indicate that our model provides realistic estimates for direct denitrification of stream nitrate, but overpredicts nitrification and coupled nitrification-denitrification. Riffle-pool sequences are responsible for most of the N-processing, despite the fact that fluvial ripples generate 3-11 times more hyporheic exchange flux. Across all scenarios, hyporheic exchange flux and the Damkohler Number emerge as primary controls on stream N-cycling; the former regulates trafficking of nutrients and oxygen across the sediment-water interface, while the latter quantifies the relative rates of organic carbon mineralization and advective transport in streambed sediments. Vertical groundwater flux modulates both of these master variables in ways that tend to diminish stream N-cycling. Thus, anthropogenic perturbations of ambient groundwater flows (e.g., by urbanization, agricultural activities, groundwater mining, and/or climate change) may compromise some of the key ecosystem services provided by streams.

  12. Low Ambient Temperature and Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The INTERACT2 Study.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Danni Zheng

    Full Text Available Rates of acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH increase in winter months but the magnitude of risk is unknown. We aimed to quantify the association of ambient temperature with the risk of ICH in the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage Trial (INTERACT2 participants on an hourly timescale.INTERACT2 was an international, open, blinded endpoint, randomized controlled trial of patients with spontaneous ICH (<6h of onset and elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP, 150-220 mmHg assigned to intensive (target SBP <140 mmHg or guideline-recommended (SBP <180 mmHg BP treatment. We linked individual level hourly temperature to baseline data of 1997 participants, and performed case-crossover analyses using a distributed lag non-linear model with 24h lag period to assess the association of ambient temperature and risk of ICH. Results were presented as overall cumulative odds ratios (ORs and 95% CI.Low ambient temperature (≤10°C was associated with increased risks of ICH: overall cumulative OR was 1.37 (0.99-1.91 for 10°C, 1.92 (1.31-2.81 for 0°C, 3.13 (1.89-5.19 for -10°C, and 5.76 (2.30-14.42 for -20°C, as compared with a reference temperature of 20°C.There was no clear relation of low temperature beyond three hours after exposure. Results were consistent in sensitivity analyses.Exposure to low ambient temperature within several hours increases the risk of ICH.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00716079.

  13. Concepciones de los estudiantes rurales acerca del medio ambiente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Olga Rocío Bustamante-Saavedra

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Describe los resultados de una investigación en educación ambiental que tuvo como propósito caracterizar las concepciones y creencias de los estudiantes de básica secundaria del sector rural sobre el medioambiente. Los participantes fueron 61 alumnos y alumnas de la Institución Educativa Técnica Salamanca, del Municipio de Samacá, Boyacá-Colombia, y los ejes de indagación fueron aspectos proambientales a partir de cuatro categorías principales: a Preocupación individual, b Preocupación social, c Confianza y d Criterio. Se adaptó un test especifico de 29 ítems y una escala de respuesta tipo Liker (4 opciones, basados en Moreno, Corraliza y Ruíz (1. De los resultados preliminares se puede concluir que existe gran preocupación individual en varios aspectos relacionados con la problemática ambiental. Para fomentar la educación ambiental es necesario un proceso de reconocimiento de valores y conceptos, y potencializar las actitudes a través de la implementación de estrategias pedagógicas que generen cambio social y cultural favorable.

  14. Wavelength and ambient luminance dependence of laser eye dazzle.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Williamson, Craig A; McLin, Leon N; Rickman, J Michael; Manka, Michael A; Garcia, Paul V; Kinerk, Wesley T; Smith, Peter A

    2017-10-10

    A series of experiments has been conducted to quantify the effects of laser wavelength and ambient luminance on the severity of laser eye dazzle experienced by human subjects. Eight laser wavelengths in the visible spectrum were used (458-647 nm) across a wide range of ambient luminance conditions (0.1-10,000  cd·m -2 ). Subjects were exposed to laser irradiance levels up to 600  μW·cm -2 and were asked to recognize the orientation of optotypes at varying eccentricities up to 31.6 deg of visual angle from the laser axis. More than 40,000 data points were collected from 14 subjects (ages 23-64), and these were consolidated into a series of obscuration angles for comparison to a theoretical model of laser eye dazzle. Scaling functions were derived to allow the model to predict the effects of laser dazzle on vision more accurately by including the effects of ambient luminance and laser wavelength. The updated model provides an improved match to observed laser eye dazzle effects across the full range of conditions assessed. The resulting model will find use in a variety of laser safety applications, including the estimation of maximum dazzle exposure and nominal ocular dazzle distance values.

  15. Respiratory alkalosis and primary hypocapnia in Labrador Retrievers participating in field trials in high-ambient-temperature conditions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Steiss, Janet E; Wright, James C

    2008-10-01

    To determine whether Labrador Retrievers participating in field trials develop respiratory alkalosis and hypocapnia primarily in conditions of high ambient temperatures. 16 Labrador Retrievers. At each of 5 field trials, 5 to 10 dogs were monitored during a test (retrieval of birds over a variable distance on land [1,076 to 2,200 m]; 36 assessments); ambient temperatures ranged from 2.2 degrees to 29.4 degrees C. For each dog, rectal temperature was measured and a venous blood sample was collected in a heparinized syringe within 5 minutes of test completion. Blood samples were analyzed on site for Hct; pH; sodium, potassium, ionized calcium, glucose, lactate, bicarbonate, and total CO2 concentrations; and values of PvO2 and PvCO2. Scatterplots of each variable versus ambient temperature were reviewed. Regression analysis was used to evaluate the effect of ambient temperature ( 21 degrees C) on each variable. Compared with findings at ambient temperatures 21 degrees C; rectal temperature did not differ. Two dogs developed signs of heat stress in 1 test at an ambient temperature of 29 degrees C; their rectal temperatures were higher and PvCO2 values were lower than findings in other dogs. When running distances frequently encountered at field trials, healthy Labrador Retrievers developed hyperthermia regardless of ambient temperature. Dogs developed respiratory alkalosis and hypocapnia at ambient temperatures > 21 degrees C.

  16. Avaliacao da gestao ambiental dos hoteis de selva na Amazonia, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gomes de Moraes, Adriana

    2008-10-01

    Full Text Available In the challenge of desvelar of that it forms the hoteleiros enterprises they manage its ambient action without causing great impacts in one of biggest ecosystems of the world, the Amazonian forest, was tried to know in this research the forms of ambient management of the located hotels of forest in the legal Amazônia. The norteadora question of the research was to know that type of ambient management is made by the hotels of selva?Foi used as instrument of collection of data the questionnaire, that if subdividiui in four great subjects to be searched. The first one was relative questions to the planning of the place, according to to the profile of the customer, third to the room and the relative questions architecture the building subject relative questions to the energy resources and infrastructure of the public services. As result of this analysis was concluded that two of three hotels searched are practising management ambient of form less impactante, since type of construction adopted until services offered to guests, or either shows objective that its hotel is coadjuvante for customer that visits this type of place, that stops it does not import luxury, comfort and amenities, more yes contact with the fauna and flora and way of life of the natives.

  17. The contribution of waste water treatment plants to PBDEs in ambient air

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Martellini, Tania; Jones, Kevin C.; Sweetman, Andy; Giannoni, Martina; Pieri, Francesca; Cincinelli, Alessandra

    2012-01-01

    Air samples were collected at different sites in and around two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located in central Italy to determine the concentrations, compositional profiles and contribution to ambient levels of eight polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The investigated WWTPs were selected as they treat industrial wastewater produced by local textile industries along with municipal wastewater. PBDE concentrations within the WWTPs were higher than those measured at reference sites located 4 and 5 km away with BDE-209 dominating the BDE congener composition in all air samples in 2008. Ambient PBDE concentrations measured in and around the WWTPs and estimates of emissions from aeration tanks suggest that WWTPs are sources of PBDEs to ambient air. Principal component analysis and Pearson correlations confirmed this result. The effect of distance from the plant and wind direction on atmospheric concentrations was also investigated. Although the primary fate of PBDEs in WWTPs will be partitioning to sewage sludge, this study suggests that plants can provide a measurable source of these compounds to local ambient air. - Highlights: ► Levels and distribution profiles of PBDEs in the atmosphere surrounding two WWTPs. ► Airborne polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the surrounding area of two WWTPs in Italy. ► To investigate WWTPs as sources of PBDEs to the atmosphere. ► Samples collected downwind respect to the plant showed BDE-209 as dominant congener. ► The effect of distance and wind direction on atmospheric concentrations was also investigated. - Waste water treatment plants as sources of PBDEs to the ambient air.

  18. A percepção do estresse no ambiente produtivo: um estudo de caso

    OpenAIRE

    Bittencourt, Regina Célia Fernandes

    2014-01-01

    O estresse no ambiente produtivo constitui-se em um desequilíbrio do sistema corporal como um todo, estando diretamente ligado aos fatores internos e externos do ambiente como: pressão, trabalho desagradável, tensão, ansiedade, medo e angústia, entre outros, principalmente frente à tomada de decisões. Nesse sentido este estudo faz uma abordagem sobre a percepção do trabalhador em relação ao estresse no ambiente produtivo. O objetivo deste trabalho constituiu-se em identificar a percepção do e...

  19. Análisis del impacto ambiental de la fracturación hidráulica

    OpenAIRE

    Andrés Álvarez, Víctor

    2017-01-01

    El objetivo principal de este trabajo es realizar un análisis ambiental de la fracturación hidráulica, técnica que permite la extracción de hidrocarburos que se encuentran en formaciones poco porosas e impermeables y han sido inaccesibles hasta hace tres décadas. El declive de los recursos convencionales hace que esta técnica cada vez tenga más importancia, al igual que el impacto ambiental asociado. El análisis ambiental que se realiza en este trabajo comprende las tareas ...

  20. Spectroscopic analysis of Zirconium plasma in different ambient and optimizing conditions for nanoclusters formation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yadav, Dheerendra; Thareja, Raj K.

    2010-01-01

    The laser produced zirconium plasma has been studied by emission spectroscopy and fast photography using intensified charged coupled device at different ambient pressures of nitrogen (0.1, 1.0 and 10 mbar). Formation of zirconium clusters are arising at ambient pressure of 1.0 mbar at the plume periphery due to the chemical reactions between the plasma plume and the ambient and confirmed using optical emission spectroscopy. The optimum parameters for existence cluster formation are reported. The ZrN clusters are deposited on silicon substrate and characterized by AFM, XRD and EDAX techniques. (author)