British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

SUMMARY Spontaneous potentials associated with volcanic activity are often interpreted by means of the electrokinetic potential, which is usually positive in the flow direction (i.e. Zeta potential of the rock is negative). The water-rock interactions in hydrothermal zones alter the primary minerals leading to the formation of secondary minerals. This work addresses the study of calcite precipitation in a sand composed of 98 per cent quartz and 2 per cent calcite using streaming potential measurements. The precipitation of calcite as a secondary mineral phase, inferred by high calcite saturation indices and by a fall in permeability, has a significant effect on the electrokinetic behaviour, leading to a significant reduction in the Zeta potential (in absolute value) and even a change in si...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Available methods for titrating diphtheria and tetanus antitoxin at low concentrations in human or animal blood are surveyed, with special attention to the amount of serum required for the test....Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Entrapping inclusion complexes in liposomes has been proposed to increase the entrapment efficiency (EE) and stability of liposomes compared with conventional liposomes. In the present study, a stable honokiol-in-hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin-in-liposome (honokiol-in-HP--CD-in-liposome) was developed as honokiol delivery system by a novel method. The final molar ratio of honokiol/HP--CD/lipid was selected as 1:2:2. The mean particle size was 123.5 nm, the zeta potential was -25.6 mV, and the EE was 91.09 2.76%. The release profile in vitro demonstrated that honokiol is released from honokiol-in-HP--CD-in-liposome with a sustained and slow speed. Crystallographic study indicated that honokiol was first bound within HP--CD and then the inclusion complex was encapsulated within liposom...

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A previous report that 22 Vul is a zeta Aur--type eclipsing binary is supported by our discovery of evidence for an accretion shock cone in 22 Vul similar to those found in zeta Aurigae and 32 Cygni.

Science.gov (United States)

Current dewatering methods for ultra-fine coal suspensions are inadequate and usually require subsequent expensive thermal drying. This unique dewatering method is based on pressurized electroosmosis, the movement of water by an electrical field through a porous medium, under modest pressure, e.g., 110 psi. More ultra-fine coal can be utilized since an effective dewatering process can be realized by combining known filtration techniques with electroosmosis. The dewatering efficiency can be significantly improved, the residual moisture of the cake can be substantially reduced and handling problems can be eliminated. Bench-scale testing is being used to optimize the parameters which influence pressurized electroosmotic dewatering (PED) of ultra-fine coal suspensions. Particle size distribution is being addressed to obtain a maximum density for a given pressure such that pore saturation is maintained allowing electroosmosis to be effective for a longer period. The parameters under ...

Science.gov (United States)

A laser spectrometer for the ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA) titration of magnesium or calcium ions that is designed around a handheld laser pointer as the source and a photoresistor as the detector is developed. Findings show that the use of the spectrometer reduces the degree of uncertainty and error in one part of the EDTA titrations, however overall standard deviations depend on the skill of the student and their willingness to be careful and precise.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A discussion is given concerning the transformation in acid medium of curite into copper-, nickel- and cobalt-uranylphosphate. From chemical, differentiel thermal and thermogravimetric analyses, the crystal-chemical formula are calculated as: Cu(UO_2/PO_4)_2.8H_2O, Ni(UO_2/PO_4)_2.7H_2O and Co(UO_2/PO_4)_2.7H_2O. The two last compounds crystallize in the triclinic system with space group P1 or P1(overscore) and the first one crystallizes in the tetragonal system with space group P4/nmm. The cell parameters are calculated. From solubility data, the solubility products are computed as 10sup(-12.8), 10sup(-9.5) and 10sup(-9.9) for the copper-, nickel- and colbalt-compound respectively. The electrokinetic properties of the three species are closely similar to those of natural meta-torbernite: the zeta-potential is negative and the point of zero charge be reached cannot in the pH-range 2 to 9.

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The inhibitory activity of chicken and crocodilian ovomacroglobulins against trypsin was measured before and after their incubation with methylamine. The result for crocodilian ovomacroglobulin showed that methylamine treatment destroyed half of its activity, in unique contrast to human alpha 2-macroglobulin and chicken ovomacroglobulin for which methylamine either destroys the inhibitory activity of the former completely or does not affect that of the latter at all. Free sulfhydryl groups of chicken and crocodilian ovomacroglobulins were titrated with 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) before and after incubation with trypsin. Prior to the incubation with trypsin the chicken and crocodilian proteins respectively had 0 and 1 titratable sulfhydryl per molecule of Mr 720,000. After treatment with trypsin the crocodilian protein had 3.5-4 titratable sulfhydryls, whereas there were no titratable ...

Science.gov (United States)

Tau is a microtubule-associated protein that promotes microtubule assembly and stability. In Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies, tau fibrillizes and aggregates into neurofibrillary tangles. Recently, oleocanthal isolated from extra virgin olive oil was found to display non-steroidal anti-inflammatory activity similar to ibuprofen. Since our unpublished data indicates an inhibitory effect of oleocanthal on A? fibrillization, we reasoned that it might inhibit tau fibrillization as well. Herein we demonstrate that oleocanthal abrogates fibrillization of tau by locking tau into the naturally unfolded state. Using PHF6 consisting of the amino acid residues VQIVYK, a hexapeptide within the third repeat of tau that is essential for fibrillization, we show that oleocanthal forms an adduct with the lysine via initial Schiff base formation. Structure and function studies demonstrate that the two aldehyde groups of oleocanthal are required for the inhibitory activity. These two aldehyde ...

CERN Document Server

The notion of group entropy is proposed. It enables to unify and generalize many different definitions of entropy known in the literature, as those of Boltzmann-Gibbs, Tsallis, Abe and Kaniadakis. Other new entropic functionals are presented, related to nontrivial correlation laws characterizing universality classes of systems out of equilibrium, when the dynamics is weakly chaotic. The associated thermostatistics are discussed. The mathematical structure underlying our construction is that of formal group theory, which provides the general structure of the correlations among particles and dictates the associated entropic functionals. As an example of application, the role of group entropies in information theory is illustrated and generalizations of the Kullback-Leibler divergence are proposed. A new connection between statistical mechanics and zeta functions is established. In particular, Tsallis entropy is related to the classical Riemann ...

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We have discovered interstellar rubidium by observing the resonance line of Rb I at 7800 A toward zeta Oph. This is the heaviest element yet detected within the interstellar medium, and our detection of this element is important for understanding the history of nucleosynthesis in the solar neighborhood.

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An approach of acidification was examined on formation of hydrogen-producing granules and biofilms in upflow column-shaped reactors. The reactors were fed with synthetic glucose wastewater and operated at 37 C and pH 5.5. The acclimated anaerobic culture was inoculated in four reactors designated R1, R2, R3 and R4, with R3 and R4 filled with granular activated carbon as support medium. To unveil the roles of acidification, microbial culture in R2 and R3 was subject to an acid incubation for 24 h by shifting the culture pH from 5.5 to 2.0. The experimental results suggested that the acidification substantially accelerated microbial granulation, but not biofilm formation. Microbial activities were inhibited by the acid incubation for about 78 h, resulting in the retarded formation of biofilms of the acidified culture. Reducing culture pH resulted in improvement in cell surface physicochemical properties favoring microbial adhesion and immobilization. Zeta ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Batch and dynamic flow biosorption studies were carried out using the waste biomass entrapped in silica-gel matrix for the removal of nickel(II) ions from synthetic solutions and real wastewater. Batch biosorption conditions were examined with respect to initial pH, S/L ratio, contact time, and initial nickel ion concentration. Zeta potential measurements showed that immobilized biosorbent was negatively charged in the pH range of 3.0-8.0. The immobilized biomass was found to possess relatively high biosorption capacity (98.01 mg g{sup -1}), and biosorption equilibrium was established in a short time of operation (5 min). The equilibrium data were followed by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. Scanning electron microscope analysis was used to screen the changes on the surface structure of the waste biomass after immobilization and nickel(II) biosorption. Sorbent-sorbate interactions were confirmed by Fourier ...

Science.gov (United States)

The report gives results of the measurement of dissolution rates of reagent CaCO3 and commercial limestones (9 types/19 grinds) at constant pH and solution composition by batch titration with HC1. Conditions were selected to simulate flue gas desulfurizat...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The applicability of two nuclear analytical methods: radionuclide X-ray fluorescence analysis and radiometric titrations based on precipitate formations was studied in order to determine the heptacaine hydrochloride in solutions. The applied methods were evaluated based on the obtained sensitivity values. (author).

CERN Document Server

A diagrammatic approach to calculate n-point correlators of the primordial curvature perturbation \\zeta was developed a few years ago following the spirit of the Feynman rules in Quantum Field Theory. The methodology is very useful and time-saving, as it is for the case of the Feynman rules in the particle physics context, but, unfortunately, is not very well known by the cosmology community. In the present work, we extend such an approach in order to include not only scalar field perturbations as the generators of \\zeta, but also vector field perturbations. The purpose is twofold: first, we would like the diagrammatic approach (which we would call the Feynman-like rules) to become widespread among the cosmology community; second, we intend to give an easy tool to formulate any correlator of \\zeta for those cases that involve vector field perturbations and that, therefore, may generate prolonged stages of anisotropic ...

Science.gov (United States)

The aim of the current investigation was to study the effects of sevelamer hydrochloride (RenaGel) on serum phosphate, intact parathyroid hormone levels (iPTH), and lipid profiles in stable hemodialysis patients. Hemodialysis patients maintained on calcium containing phosphate binders were enrolled in this study. Following two weeks of washout of the phosphate binders, serum phosphate rose from 6.4 +/- 0.6 to 10.5 +/- 0.7 mg/dl (p <0.001). After 8 weeks of titration with sevelamer hydrochloride, serum phosphate fell by 4.5 +/- 0.3 to 6.3 +/- 0.7 mg/dl (p <0.0001). Serum calcium levels fell during washout (9.8 +/- 0.4 to 8.9 +/- 0.3 mg/dl, p <0.004) and were unaffected by sevelamer hydrochloride. Sevelamer hydrochloride administration was associated with a 23.0 +/- 3.1% fall in total cholesterol, a 35.9 +/- 3.0% fall in LDL cholesterol, and a 35.2 +/- 5.3% fall in the LDL:HDL cholesterol ratio (p <0.001). There was no change in HDL cholesterol, ...

CERN Document Server

We present a spectroscopic catalog of 70,841 visually inspected M dwarfs from the seventh data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). For each spectrum, we provide measurements of the spectral type, a number of molecular bandheads, and the H-alpha, H-beta, H-gamma, H-delta and Ca II K emission lines. In addition, we calculate the metallicity-sensitive parameter zeta and identify a relationship between zeta and the g-r and r-z colors of M dwarfs. We assess the precision of our spectral types (which were assigned by individual examination), review the bulk attributes of the sample, and examine the magnetic activity properties of M dwarfs, in particular those traced by the higher order Balmer transitions. Our catalog is cross-matched to Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) infrared data, and contains photometric distances for each star. Lastly, we identify eight new late-type M dwarfs that are possibly within 25 pc of the Sun. Future studies ...

Science.gov (United States)

On the basis of the analysis of chemical components of the natural limestones from different deposits in China, the pore structures of the typical limestones, with the different CaCO3 content, were examined. The reactivity of the limestones was investigated by sulfuric acid titration and gas-liquid absorption methods. The research results showed that the specific surface area of the natural limestones studied in this work was about 1.8 m2/g. It was seen that the pH of the limestone slurry rapidly decreased and then back up when the sulfuric acid was added. The higher the CaCO3 content was, or the smaller the particle size was, the larger the pH back-up rate was, and similarly the faster the SO2 concentration of the reactor outlet increased. The Reactivity of the limestone obtained by the sulfuric acid titration had the same features as that obtained by the gas liquid absorption. Compared with the specific surface area, the CaCO3 content had ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stainless steel is pickled in pickling bath with the sulfuric acid and a mixture of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid. Suitable equipment based on speedy and accurate chemical analysis for actual production lines has not been developed yet. The concentration of sulfuric acid can be analyzed by using the neutralization titration method. As a method of analyzing hydrofluoric acid in the mixed acid, the iron-acetylacetone complex discoloration absorbance method was adopted. For the concentration, of nitric acid, the method of subtracting the concentration of hydrofluoric acid from the total mixed acid amounts obtained by neutralization titration is adopted. Furthermore, the iron-salicylic acid complex absorbance method is adopted as a method of analyzing the iron content. By adopting these methods, the fully automated analyzer is developed. Completing analysis work can be shortened to 40 minutes by automated sampling from the acid pipes. The fully ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The large degree of confusion and many contradictions which are evident in the literature regarding the dioxo-uranium(VI)-hydroxide system has prompted the re-investigation of the hydrolysis of UO_2"2"- in aqueous media. The hydrolysis reactions of the uranyl ion have been investigated by potentiometric (pH)-, spectrophotometric- and conductometric titrations of uranyl chloride solutions with sodium hydroxide solutions. In all these titrations two clearly defined endpoints were obtained, indicating the predominance in solution of only a limited number of species. From a consideration of all the experimentally obtained data the following set of species was proposed to be present in significant concentrations in the pH range 0 to 12: UO_2"2"-, (UO_2)_2(OH)_2"2"-, (UO_2)_2(OH)_3"- and (UO_2)_9(OH)_1_9"-. By using the proposed set of species, a mathematical model of the uranyl-hydroxo system was developed with which the ...

Science.gov (United States)

Quantitative determination of Broensted acid site concentrations in calcined H-mordenite and H-ZSM-5 by means of conductometric titration and infrared spectroscopy reveals that the concentration of Broensted acid sites present is lower than would be expected on the basis of the aluminum content. This discrepancy is attributed to dealumination and dehydroxylation processes occurring during calcination. A model is proposed according to which the degree of these processes strongly depends on the concentration of vicinal aluminum T sites in the zeolite: Broensted acid sites associated with these T sites are lost, and the remaining Broensted acidity is related to the concentration of the (remaining) isolated aluminum T sites. This model quantitatively correlates the experimentally determined concentration of Broensted acid sites with the concentration of isolated aluminum T sites. 33 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Summary Isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO) belong to a group of prebiotics that can significantly increase the number of protective gut microflora. A one-step method using neopullulanase (NPN) in conjunction with saccharifying -amylase (SAA) for the bioconversion of rice starch into IMO was investigated. Purified rice starch slurry (30% w/w) was mixed with NPN (3.5 U g-1 starch substrate) and SAA (6.5 U g-1 starch substrate) and the slurry was incubated at 57 C for 92-h under constant stirring. The carbohydrate composition of the resulting syrup was analysed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the dextrose equivalent (DE) determined by titration. The amount of IMO in the syrup reached maximum (59.2%, dry basis) after 72-h of bioconversion. The concentration of glucose and mal...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A comparative study on the interaction of (PEG-co-P(FA/SC)-co-PEG) triblock copolymer with bovine and human insulins was carried out using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), circular dichroism (CD), and fluorescence spectroscopy. ITC data show that the copolymer has a low affinity for both proteins, with an association constant of about 7?9?103?M ?1. Results also show that binding is enthalpically driven, and disfavored by conformational entropy. CD spectroscopy studies reveal a small increase in the helical content and a decrease in ?-structure as well as random coil in both proteins. Acrylamide quenching experiments display reduced accessibility of tyrosines, while intrinsic fluorescence spectra show lower tyrosine emission. Furthermore, thermal unfolding experiments, studied by far...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The treatment of Be-contaminated wastewater has been paid little attention, although beryllium (Be) and its compounds are of high toxicity. In this research, aerobic granule was for the first time introduced to remove Be from aqueous solution. Influencing factors including reaction time, initial Be concentration, pH, biosorbent dosage, and coexistent metal ions (Cd, Cu, and Fe) were investigated in batch experiments. The aerobic granule, characterized by element analysis and CLSM, was abundant in carboxyl, phosphoryl, amine and hydroxyl groups. Potentiometric titration experiment demonstrated that the pH effect on biosorption depended on the surface charge of granule (pHzpc=2.4) and the species of Be (Be^2^+, Be(OH)^+, and Be(OH)2) in solution. The coexistent metal ions would either inhibi...

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The effect of the nitrogen uptake in {alpha}-iron upon spark erosion in gaseous and liquid ammonia, plasma nitriding, and plasma immersion ion implantation is studied. The resulting phases and hyperfine parameters, measured by the Moessbauer spectroscopy, are discussed from the point of view of initial conditions of their preparation and subsequent heat and/or mechanical treatment. Spark erosion in the ammonia gas produces fine particles with the dominating ferromagnetic {alpha}-Fe phase (50%). The 20% of specimen volume form {alpha}'-Fe and {alpha}''-Fe{sub 16}N{sub 2} phases. The last 30% occupy the {gamma}'-Fe{sub 4}N, ferro- and paramagnetic {epsilon} phases, and {gamma}-Fe(N). Nitriding in the liquid ammonia allows to incorporate the higher content of nitrogen into {alpha}-iron particles which results in the formation of paramagnetic {epsilon}({zeta})-Fe{sub 2}N phase. This phase also dominates the surface of {alpha}-iron ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sodium benzene sulfonate (BS) was decomposed in aqueous TiO_2 dispersions under highly concentrated solar light illumination to examine the photocatalytic characteristics of a parabolic round concentrator (PRC) reactor to degrade the pollutant without visible light absorption. The effects of such operational parameters as initial concentration, volume of the aqueous BS solution, oxygen purging, and TiO_2 loading on the kinetics of decomposition of BS were investigated. An effective photodegradation necessitates a suitable combination of initial volume and concentration of BS solution. Relative to atmospheric air, oxygen purging significantly accelerates the degradation process at high initial concentrations of BS (0.40 mM or 1.0 mM). Optimal TiO_2 loading was 9 gl "-"1, greater than previously reported. Elimination of TOC (total organic carbon) followed pseudo first-order kinetics in the initial stages of the photodegradation process. The relative photonic efficiency for the ...

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The densities and refractive indices of two binary systems (water + MEA and water + MDEA) and three ternary systems (water + MEA + CO{sub 2}, water + MDEA + CO{sub 2}, and water + MEA + MDEA) used for carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) capture were measured over the range of compositions of the aqueous alkanolamine(s) used for CO{sub 2} absorption at temperatures from 295 to 338 K. Experimental densities were modeled empirically, while the experimental refractive indices were modeled using well-established models from the known values of their pure-component densities and refractive indices. The density and Gladstone-Dale refractive index models were then used to obtain the compositions of unknown samples of the binary and ternary systems by simultaneous solution of the density and refractive index equations. The results from this technique have been compared with HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) results, while a third independent technique (acid-base ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A series of crown ethers carrying a pyrene group with nitrogen-sulfur donor atoms, that differ in having three, four and five sulfur atoms in the macrocycle was designed and synthesized by the reaction of the corresponding macrocyclic compound and 1-bromomethylpyrene. The influence of metal cations such as Mn2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+ and Al3+ on the spectroscopic properties of the ligands was investigated in acetonitrile-dichloromethane (1:1) by means of absorption and emission spectrometry. Absorption spectra show isosbestic points in the spectrophotometric titration of Fe2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Pb2+ and Hg2+. The results of spectrophotometric titration experiments disclosed the complexation compositions and complex stability constants of the novel ligands with Fe2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Pb2+ and Hg2+ cations. The monoazatetrathia crown ether showed good sensitivity for Cu2+ with linearity in the range 5.0x10-7-2.5x10-6 M and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

High-resolution "1H and "3"1P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been used to investigate the binding of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate to human normal adult hemoglobin and the molecular interactions involved in the allosteric effect of the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate molecule on hemoglobin. Individual hydrogen ion NMR titration curves have been obtained for 22-26 histidyl residues of hemoglobin and for each phosphate group of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate with hemoglobin in both the deoxy and carbonmonoxy forms. The results indicate that 2,3-diphosphoglycerate binds to deoxyhemoglobin at the central cavity between the two #beta# chains and the binding involves the #beta#2-histidyl residues. Moreover, the results suggest that the binding site of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate to carbonmonoxyhemoglobin contains the same (or at least some of the same) amino acid residues responsible for binding in the deoxy form. As a result of the specific interactions with 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this study, two different humic acids extracted from England and China peat soil, as well as three purified products extracted from commercially available humic acids [Fluka (Fluka, Neu-Ulm, Germany, Alfa (Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, USA) and Aldrich (Aldrich-Chemical Co, Gillingham-Dorset)] were obtained respectively with the modified IHSS (International humic substances society) procedure. The chemical and structural information of these humic acids were characterized by some techniques, such as elemental analysis, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and electropotential titration. UV-Vis spectra, infrared spectra, values for elemental composition and the contents of carboxyls, phenolic hydroxyls and total acidities of these humic acids were acquired. It is indicated that all these humic acids are different in the aspect of chemical structure, respectively, and these humic acids would be used for the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aim of this article was to investigate the interactions of metal cations in aqueous solutions with the biomass of the freshwater macroalga Vaucheria sp. This problem is important when elaborating new applications of biosorption, e.g. the production of mineral feed additives for livestock from the biomass of algae enriched with microelement ions. Potentiometric titration was applied as a quick and cheap screening test to search for new efficient biosorbents. It revealed a variety of functional groups capable of cation exchange on the macroalgal surface, including carboxyl, phosphate, hydroxyl or amino groups. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy on natural and chromium-loaded Vaucheria sp. confirmed that carboxyl groups played a dominant role in the biosorption. The study also showed that Ca(II), Na(I), K(I), and Mg(II) ions were released from the biomass after biosorption of Cu(II), Mn(II), Zn(II), and Co(II) ions, indicating that ion exchange was a key ...

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The effect of the external pH on the intracellular pH in mung bean (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) root-tip cells was investigated with the T P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method. The T P NMR spectra showed three peaks caused by cytoplasmic G-6-P, cytoplasmic Psub(i) and vacuolar Psub(i). The cytoplasmic and vacuolar pHs could be determined by comparing the Psub(i) chemical shifts with the titration curve. When the external pH was changed over a range from pH 3 to 10, the cytoplasmic pH showed smaller changes than the vacuolar pH, suggesting that the former is regulated more strictly than the latter. The H -ATPase inhibitor, DCCD, caused the breakdown of the mechanism that regulates the intracellular pH. H -ATPase appears to have an important part in the regulation of the intracellular pH.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Determination of principal and impurity components in monocrystals of erbium and yttrium formates grown on the basis of high-pure formates from oriental primers, using the method of isothermal evaporation of the salt aqueous solutions with pH 4.4 - 4.5, is described. Er and Y were determined complexonometrically by the titration of the complex with arsenazo 1 by EDTA solution, and formate-ion was determined iodometrically. Impurities were analyzed by atomic-absorption and titrimetric methods. The atomic-absorption method permits to determine in the monocrystal from 1 x 10"-"4 to 5 x 10"-"3 % Mg at relative standard deviation S_r = 0.05; from 1 x 10"-"3 to 2.5 x 10"-"2 % Ca at S_r = 0.07 and from 2 x 0"-"4 to 5 x 10"-"3 % Pb ar S_r = 0.08.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Biosorption of the heavy metal ion Cd{sup 2+} by protonated nonliving brown alga Sargassum fluitans biomass was accompanied by the release of hydrogen protons from the biomass. The uptake of cadmium and the release of proton matched each other throughout the biosorption process. The end-point titration methodology was used to maintain the constant pH 4.0 for developing the dynamic sorption rate. The sorption isotherm could be well represented by the Langmuir sorption model. A mass transfer model assuming the intraparticle diffusion in a one-dimensional thin plate as a controlling step was developed to describe the overall biosorption rate of cadmium ions in flat seaweed biomass particles. The overall biosorption mathematical model equations were solved numerically yielding the effective diffusion coefficient D{sub e} about 3.5 {times} 10{sup {minus}6} cm{sup 2}/s. This value matches that obtained for the desorption process and is approximately half of that of the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The detection of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus from various kinds of field samples (tissue extract and cell culture isolate) was studied using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The gene selected for diagnosis was the polymerase gene and an amplification target product of 454 bp in length was produced using AP5/AP6 primer sets. The PCR product was further examined by NcoI endonuclease digestion. The presence of the internal restriction site was confirmed by demonstration of two small fragments of 330 bp and 124 bp in length. Forty-nine samples that gave positive and negative results by ELISA typing and were positive by the PCR test were tested by NcoI digestion to confirm the results. About 10% of PCR products could not be confirmed by the method. Furthermore the FMD RNA polymerase gene could be detected by the PCR method in samples negative in both ELISA typing and the virus isolation test. A total of 23 samples were examined and compared after each stage of the ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Accession Number : AD0268549. Title : POTENTIATION BY PENTOBARBITAL OF THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF AET AGAINST GAMMA RAYS. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We study the surface and interface roughness of a two-liquid film system using neutron reflectometry. The middle phase and bottom phase are extracted from a three-phase microemulsion containing 2 wt% non-ionic surfactant C{sub 10}E{sub 4}, 81 wt% D{sub 2}O and 17 wt% octane (C{sub 8}H{sub 18}). The system is formed by spreading a few drops of the middle phase of the microemulsion on the bottom phase of the microemulsion. The middle phase does not wet the bottom phase, but demixes to form a top octane-water mixture layer with a thickness of {proportional_to}580 A. The mean surface roughness of the system is found to be 7 A but the data are insensitive to interface roughness. An extended capillary wave model for a two-liquid-film system is derived to account for the coupling between the surface and interface. The dispersion relation yields two fundamental modes. In a calculation of mean-square roughness (left angle {zeta}{sup 2} right angle {sup 1/2}) a high-k-cutoff ...

Science.gov (United States)

... 1: DSP Budget and Potential Reduction or Rescission 11 Table IV.2: Milstar Terminal Budget and Potential Reductions 13 or Rescissions ...

Science.gov (United States)

... mutagenic, while two potential environmental transformation products, 1,4- diaminoanthraq Ynone and 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone are strongly ...

CERN Document Server

Full-Potential Electronic Structure Method

Science.gov (United States)

Assessment of the immune system's capability to respond to antigens with the generation of specific antibodies, whilst under the influence of a test article, is required in toxicity tests according to the European guideline for repeated dose toxicity testing of medicinal products. The purpose of this study in rats was to validate methodology for the determination of Keyhole Limpet Haemocyanin (KLH)-specific antibodies under the influence of an immunologically active compound. The immunosuppressant FK506, commercially available as Prograf, was administered orally (gavage) to five rats per sex per group at dosages of 0.5mg/kg per day or 3mg/kg per day, for a period of 4 weeks. On days 14 and 22, KLH was administered subcutaneously, with an adjuvant (AluGel), to the two treated groups and a control (i.e. without FK506 treatment) approximately 1h following administration of FK506. Terminal investigations included haematology parameters, titration of KLH-specific ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nano-particles of CeO{sub 2} with the smallest average particle size (18.7 nm) and spherical morphology were obtained from a mixture solution of Ce(NO{sub 3}){sub 3}{center_dot}6H{sub 2}O, citric acid, polyvinyl alcohol by an auto-combustion process exploiting sol-gel as precursors. The course of size control and shape control by polyvinyl alcohol was examined in detail. A transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and an atomic force microscopy (AFM) were employed to characterize the particle-size and morphology of CeO{sub 2} particles. In addition, a sort of nano-metric solid acid SO{sub 4}{sup 2-}/CeO{sub 2} based on CeO{sub 2} nano-particles was prepared by macerating, filtering, drying and calcining processes. The particle-size of SO{sub 4}{sup 2-}/CeO{sub 2} was also assessed by TEM. The composition of SO{sub 4}{sup 2-}/CeO{sub 2} was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectra (IR). The influencing factors in the formation of SO{sub 4}{sup 2-}/CeO{sub 2} were examined ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In January 1994, a 6.7 magnitude earthquake in southern California ruptured a pipeline releasing approximately 4,200 barrels of blended San Joaquin Valley crude oil. A smaller volume entered the Santa Clara River and flowed 25 km downstream to an emergency containment dam. Ruptured water mains and chlorinated discharges from a damaged sewage treatment plant also affected water quality in the river. Quantitative injury assessment studies were initiated within days of the spill and included water/sediment chemistry, benthic macroinvertebrate community analyses and aquatic toxicity tests. Water quality values for TPH, BTEX, and chlorine ranged from nondetectable to 78 mg/l (TPH), nondetectable to 5.4 microg/l (total BTEX constituents) and nondetectable to 600 microg/l (residual chlorine) within 72 hours of the spill. Ammonia concentrations ranged from nondetectable to 12.1 mg/l within 10 days of the spill. Hydrocarbon concentrations in sediments ranged from nondetectable to 3,900 mg/kg ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

MnO powder materials are investigated as anode active materials for Li-ion batteries. Lithium is stored reversibly in MnO through conversion reaction and interfacial charging mechanism, according to the results of ex situ XRD, TEM and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique. A layer of the solid electrolyte interphase with a thickness of 20-60 nm is covered on MnO particles after full insertion. MnO powder materials show reversible capacity of 650 mAh g{sup -1} with average charging voltage of 1.2 V. It can deliver 400 mAh g{sup -1} at a rate of 400 mA g{sup -1}. The cyclic performance of MnO is improved significantly after decreasing particle size and coating with a layer of carbon. Among observed transition metal oxides, MnO shows relatively lower voltage hysteresis (<0.7 V) between the discharging and the charging curves at 0.05 C. In addition to its environmental benign feature and high density (5.43 g cm{sup -3}), MnO seems a promising high ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The purpose was to develop a simplified and reliable method of separating free from antibody-bound ligand using a precipitating antibody linked to a cellulose derivative. Dose-response curves and control sera were set up in parallel for various pituitary and placental polypeptides, steroid hormones, insulin, glucagon, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, angiotensin I, calcitonin, gastrin, cyclic AMP, and digoxin. After first-antibody reactions had reached equilibrium, free and bound ligand were separated using a double-antibody solid-phase system in parallel with conventional methods, including dextran-coated charcoal, double-antibody precipitation, single-antibody solid phase, organic solvents, salt precipitation, and anion-exchange resins. The effect of variations in temperature, incubation time, protein content, pH, and amount of separating material added were studied. The results showed that separation was complete within 1 hr for small ligand molecules and within 2 hr for larger ones. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Precious metal (PM) dispersions on CeO{sub 2}-containing supports were examined. When dispersions were evaluated by the H{sub 2}-O{sub 2} titration method, the CeO{sub 2}-containing supports hide the true redox of PM because of the large oxygen storage-reduction capacity of the oxide, resulting in higher apparent dispersions than the exact values. When Pt dispersions on the CeO{sub 2} support were evaluated by the ordinary CO pulse method, CO was adsorbed on the CeO{sub 2} support as carbonate species accompanying the oxidation with lattice oxygen. Therefore, the dispersions estimated from the CO uptake were also higher than the exact value. Infrared spectra also clearly evidenced the presence of carbonate species after CO adsorption. To prevent the CO adsorption on CeO{sub 2} as the carbonate species, we treated Pt/CeO{sub 2} with CO{sub 2} before CO adsorption. The strong bands arising from carbonate species on CeO{sub 2} were observed in the infrared spectra. ...

CERN Document Server

We apply the potential force estimation method to artificial time series of market price produced by a deterministic dealer model. We find that dealers' feedback of linear prediction of market price based on the latest mean price changes plays the central role in the market's potential force. When markets are dominated by dealers with positive feedback the resulting potential force is repulsive, while the effect of negative feedback enhances the attractive potential force.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The new Gaussian potentials and interactions with forbidden states consistent with the phase scattering at low energies were obtained. Cross sections, resonance level spectra and some characteristics of bound states of lithium nuclei are calculated with these potentials.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A computerized corrosion measuring system (EG and G model 350 A) was used to study the influence of Cr, Mo, Ti, Nb and W on the pitting corrosion of nickel base alloys in 3% NaCl at 90"0C. The electrochemical parameters under investigation are the corrosion potential E_c_o_r_r, pitting potential E_p and protection potential E_p_p. The corrosion behaviour of nickel base alloys were studied by using pitting scan and potentiostatic techniques. Values of corrosion potential, pitting potential and protection potential were used for a ranking of alloys for corrosion resistance.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Adaptive radiation therapy for liver cancer has the potential to reduce normal tissue complications and enable dose escalation, allowing the potential for tumor control in this challenging site....Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The true potential energy curve for the x "1#SIGMA#"+ state of BeO has been calculated using the RKRV method. The dissociation energy of the ground state has been estimated to be 5.15 +- 0.05 eV by the curve-fitting method using the three-parameter potential energy function of Lippincott with an RKRV potential energy curve. (author).

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Science.gov (United States)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Science.gov (United States)

This fact sheet summarizes the potential impact of climate change as it relates to public health in California....

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The paper contains a numerical evaluation of the expressions for the absorptive potential in heavy ion reactions given earlier. With a standard folding expression for the real part of the ion-ion potential general good agreement is found with experimental data for the angular distributions of elastic and inelastic scattering. Special interest is attached to the case of /sup 16/O + /sup 28/Si where the calculated imaginary potential is very small at low bombarding energies.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

According to its relation to the dielectric response, the potential structure of CsH{sub 2}PO{sub 4} can successfully be modelled either as a three-well or as a single-well potential. The deviation from the Curie-Weiss law of the dielectric response has an intimate relationship to the low central potential in the unit cells, while ordering P atoms are assumed to drive its ferroelectric phase transition. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pitting corrosion measuring method for almunum alloys sold on the market was studied. By addition of a little quantity of Cu {sup ++} ion, corrosion potential of alminum alloys rapidly approachs to pitting corrosion potential in the solution including chloride. After Cu {sup ++} ion of 5ppm is added in advance into the solution including chrolide to measure the pitting corrosion potential, alminum alloy test pieces are imersed into the solution in the atmospheric air, then the stable corrosion potential is shown after three-minite imersion, and this potential is defined to the pitting corrosion potential. The pitting corrosion potential can be easily measured by this method stated above (copper ion method). The values measured by copper ion method is comparatively agreed with that measured by the existing potentio dynamic method. The pitting ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

By its very nature redox potential measurement is suitable for determining the concentration ratio of a stable redox pair through its interaction with a chemically inert electrode surface but not the absolute concentration of a material. The measured redox potentials agree only rarely with those which are easily calculable theoretically. No individual defined stable redox pair is available in power station water. It is therefore not simply possible to measure definable mixed potentials more precisely. For these reasons redox potential measurement in the power station, as also with other types of water, can no longer be regarded as an indicator, by which it can be established whether oxidizing or reducing materials predominate in the water. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An electrochemistry model was developed to analyse the J-V characteristics of a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) water electrolyzer for hydrogen production. The Butler-Volmer equation and water transport characteristics through electrolyte membrane were employed to simulate the electrode activation over-potential and membrane ohmic over-potential, respectively. The modeling results are found to agree reasonably well with experimental data published in the literature. The parametric simulations show that the ohmic over-potential is relatively small with typical water content in the membrane. Compared with the cathode over-potential, the anode over-potential is more significant and constitutes the major source of voltage loss. The high anode over-potential is due to the relatively slow oxidation kinetics, which is related to anode material property and ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Sponges can provide potential drugs against many major world-wide occurring diseases. Despite the high potential of sponge derived drugs no sustainable production method has been developed. Thus far...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

OBJECTIVES:To investigate the prevalence of potential drug interactions at the intensive care unit of a university hospital in Brazil and to analyze their clinical significance.METHODS:This...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this article are presented main results on electric potential investigations in stellarator/torsatron TJ-II and tokamak T-10 in a comparable regimes of device operation.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A historical prospective mortality study was conducted on a cohort of 34 156 male members of a heavy construction equipment operators union with potential exposure to diesel exhaust emissions. This...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

In green plants, the large bioelectric changes that photosynthetically active light stimulates make it difficult to observe electrical potential changes related to phytochrome photoconversion. As a...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundEvent-related potentials (ERPs) may be used as a highly sensitive way of detecting subtle degrees of cognitive dysfunction. On the other hand, impairment of cognitive skills...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Two methods for computation of real, virtual and quasistationary energy eigenvalues are considered: summation of divergent perturbation series, solution of integral equations for t matrix on physical and nonphysical sheets of energy. The results of energy computation for s-, p- and d-states in potentials of a screened Coulomb type are presented. It is shown on an example of the Yukawa potential that the energy eigenvalues given by both these methods coincide with high precision. As an illustration the positions of real (deuteron) and virtual (singlet deuteron) poles of the np-scattering amplitude are calculated. For Yukawa type potentials the new theorem of symmetry for bound and virtual levels is discussed.

Science.gov (United States)

... The Taiwanese business community is inter- ested in developing access to potential markets as well as to sources of raw materials and some ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We study the static potential of open bosonic membranes in the 1/d approximation, where d is the space-time dimensionality. For a fixed square boundary of side length R we find, in contrast to the string potential, no critical distance below which tachyons appear. Instead, we find a correction factor to the classical potential, V/sub cl/=kR/sup 2/, which for small distances shifts the perturbative ground state energy by a positive constant. We interpret the shift as the mass gap of this quantum membrane.

Science.gov (United States)

This study is an evaluation of the potential environmental impacts of contaminated groundwater from the ASARCO metals refining facility adjacent to the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The potential public safety impacts from accidents in conceptual fusion power plants were investigated. Fusion was found to have some potential for accidents, as does any energy generating system. Functions of fusion power plants were identified that possess sufficient potential for an accidental release of toxic materials to the environment. An assessment was made of the impact of the potential accidents and recommendations are included for R and D that will allow incorporation of safety concerns in fusion power plant design. This work was based on a review of information available in conceptual design documents of fusion reactor systems.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... failures fftf reactor heat transfer hydraulics loss of coolant pipes primary coolant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

English 2006 [1 p.] Germany Lenk, Andreas Institute of Structure Physics,

Science.gov (United States)

... Thus, 0CM provides the potential to image epithelial tissue with the subcellular resolution needed to assess the pathologic state of tissue. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

It is shown that elastic scattering data for protons of 100-200 MeV are consistent with an absorptive potential that is stronger in the nuclear interior and of the slightly shorter range than is usually assumend, which is more in agreement with microscopically calcuated potentials. Consequences for certain (p,p') and (e,e'p) reactions are shown. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

It is shown that elastic scattering data for protons of 100-200 MeV are consistent with an absorptive potential that is stronger in the nuclear interior and of the slightly shorter range than is usually assumend, which is more in agreement with microscopically calcuated potentials. Consequences for certain (p,p') and (e,e'p) reactions are shown.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We use a nonsingular-potential model for heavy quarkonia proposed by Gupta, Repko, and Suchyta to calculate the transition amplitudes for the magnetic-dipole ({ital M}1) one-photon radiative decays of the {ital c{bar c}} and {ital b{bar b}} bound systems. The wave functions of the bound systems are calculated by a nonperturbative treatment. The results are in better agreement with the experimental data than those predicted using other potential models.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Straightforward, though formal, arguments are presented to establish that the effective action and potential are gauge covariant at the symmetry-breaking point. We establish that in certain classes of gauge, covariant and axial gauges for Abelian theories and axial gauges for non-Abelian theories, the Nielsen equation for the effective potential can be put into closed form. Scalar electrodynamics is presented in detail in covariant and axial gauges.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The RKR potential energy curves are constructed for the ground states of diatomic hafnium oxide and thorium oxide. Using Lippincott and Hulburt-Hirschfelder potential function the dissociation energies are estimated by curve fitting method. The H-H potential function was found to give a better fit in both cases. The dissociation energies of hafnium oxide and thorium oxide are estimated as 9.04 #+-# 0.02 eV and 10.34 #+-# 0.01 eV respectively. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The linearized-augmented-plane-wave (LAPW) method for thin films is generalized by removing the remaining shape approximation to the potential inside the atomic spheres. A new technique for solving Poisson's equation for a general charge density and potential is described and implemented in the film LAPW method. In the resulting full-potential LAPW method (FLAPW), all contributions to the potential are completely taken into account in the Hamiltonian matrix elements. The accuracy of the method: already well known for clean metal surfaces: is demonstrated for the case of a nearly free (noninteracting) O_2 molecule which is a severe test case of the method because of its large anisotropic charge distribution. Detailed comparisons show that the accuracy of the FLAPW results for O_2 exceeds that of existing state-of-the-art local-density linear-combination-of-atomic-orbitals (LCAO)-type calculations, and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The influence of applied potential on the erosion-corrosion (E-C) behavior of AISI321 stainless steel in 10% H{sub 2}SO{sub 4}+15% corundum sand (60 mesh) acidic slurry was investigated using a modified slurry pot apparatus. The surface morphologies of E-C specimens at various applied potentials were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that cathodic protection could significantly decrease E-C rate, and the cathodic protection efficiency could be 73.6%. The influence of applied anodic potentials on the E-C behaviors could be classified as the following three types: A. The E-C rate increased sharply in region I (a little more positive than free-corrosion potential); B. The E-C rate decreased significantly in region II (stable passive region), and the anodic protection efficiency could be 64.5%; C. The E-C rate increased again in region III (transpassive region) because of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Differential cross sections for 201.5 MeV proton scattering form /sup 88/Sr were measured. From the analysis of the elastic data, no unique optical-model potential could be obtained, but the radial moments are well determined. In a macroscopic analysis of the collective states it turns out that if the optical potential and transition potential are chosen consistently, unambiguous potential deformation lengths can be obtained even though the optical potential is not unique. Taking into account the range and density dependence of the underlying effective interaction reliable neutron deformation lengths can be obtained. For inelastic transitions of various character microscopic distorted-wave calculations with a density-dependent interaction based on the Paris potential were performed. The nuclear structure was taken from one broken-pair calculations in a large ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report introduces a microprocessor system composed of a Z-80 single-board computer controlling a gas-carburizing process. The system has 7 analogical input and output signals 24 switch signal-input and 12 switch signal-output signals, which are applicable for temperature, carbon potential, and mechanical-movement control of multipurpose sealed furnaces, or for mutiple-zone temperature, carbon potential, and mechanical-movement control of continuous gas carburizing furnaces; or for distributed control of pit-type carburizing furnaces. The setpoints of variables, such as treating time, temperature, carbon potential of carburizing period, carbon potential of diffusion period, depth of carburizing layer, P.I.D. etc., are entered by keyboard and stored into memories, and actual values are displayed by digital tubes. Furthermore, the fault of thermocouple, oxygen probe, or infrared CO/sub 2/ analyzer; ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This article examines the potential threat of marine pollution caused by offshore oil and gas development activities in the disputed areas of the South China Sea (SCS) and the Spratly Islands. After addressing the potential threat of marine pollution, it discusses the legal obligations and political commitment of the SCS littoral states regarding the protection of the marine environment in the area. The role that Taiwan can play in these matters is also examined.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A local Heine-Abarenkov model potential is proposed for zinc blende-type crystals. The potential parameters are determined by satisfying the zero pressure condition and the first zero of the empirical pseudopotential interpolated from band calculations. Two sets of parameters are presented for thirteen tetrahedral compounds such as AlP, AlAs, AlSb, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, InP, InAs, InSb, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, and CdTe.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Electrochemical cyclic potentiodynamic polarization experiments were performed on several candidate waste package container materials to evaluate their susceptibility to pitting corrosion at 90 degrees C in aqueous environments relevant to the potential underground high-level nuclear waste repository. Results indicate that of all the materials tested, Alloy C-22 and Ti Grade-12 exhibited the maximum corrosion resistance, showing no pitting or observable corrosion in any environment tested. Efforts were also made to study the effect of chloride ion concentration and pH on the measured corrosion potential (Ecorr), critical pitting and protection potential values.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The ZnO nanorods were used as a template to fabricate nickel nanoclusters by electrodeposition. The ZnO nanorod arrays act as a nano-semiconductor electrode for depositing metallic and magnetic nickel nanoclusters. The growth sites of Ni nanoclusters could be controlled by adjusting the applied potential. Under -1.15 V the Ni nanoclusters could be grown on the tips of ZnO nanorods. On increasing the potential to be more negative the ZnO nanorods were covered by Ni nanoclusters. The magnetic properties of the electrodeposited Ni nanoclusters also evolved with the applied potentials.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A new potential function based on spectroscopic results for diatomic molecules is presented and applied to the hydrogen bonding systems. The potential energy of interaction is supposed to have electrostatic, polarization, dispersion, repulsion and effective charge-transfer contributions. Estimates of the effective charge-transfer quantity have been made based on the average charge of the proton donor and the acceptor atoms. For dimers such as water, methanol, acetic acid and formic acid, the vibrational stretching frequencies and dimerization energies are calculated and discussed in connection with Badger-Bauer rule. (author).

Science.gov (United States)

Sep 1, 2011 ... Recent wildfires in interior Alaska have left substantial volumes of burned timber, potentially usable for biomass energy. Motivated,in part, by ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe WINPEPI computer programs for epidemiologists are designed for use in practice and research in the health field and as learning or teaching aids. The programs are free,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Objective:The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between truancy and escalation of substance use during adolescence and to explore potential mechanisms of this relationship.Method:Using...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Chlorpromazine, haloperidol, fluphenazine, clozapine, risperidone, quetiapine, olanzapine, ziprasidone, and aripiprazole are antipsychotics commonly used in psychiatric medicine. Approximately one third...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Short communication.

CERN Document Server

We present a strong-weak coupling duality for quantum mechanical potentials. Similarly to what happens in quantum field theory, it relates two problems with inverse couplings, leading to a mapping of the strong coupling regime into the weak one, giving information from the nonperturbative region of the parameters space. It can be used to solve exactly power-type potentials and to extract deep information about the energy spectra of polynomial ones. We present a strong-weak coupling duality for quantum mechanical potentials. Similarly to what happens in quantum field theory, it relates two problems with inverse couplings, leading to a mapping of the strong coupling regime into the weak one, giving information from the nonperturbative region of the parameters space. It can be used to solve exactly power-type potentials and to extract deep information about the energy spectra of polynomial ones.

Science.gov (United States)

The potentials of the spherical sensor and nearby conductors are controlled by ... Incoming data are continuously monitored by algorithms in the software to ... launched together with FM5 (Rumba) by a Soyuz-Fregat rocket from Baikonur. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Titanium oxides were grown anodically to selected final potentials on grade II polycrystalline titanium under different anodization rates. XPS and RBS results show that the oxide consists of primarily TiO2 with a non-stoichiometric oxide/metal interface, with the slower growth rate associated with a thicker layer at the interface. Characterization using TEM reveals that the structure of the oxide evolves from a primarily amorphous phase to islands of crystallites in an amorphous matrix, to an entirely crystalline phase by increasing the polarization potential. Slower growth rates tend to remain crystalline at higher potentials. The mechanical strength of oxide films extracted from load-depth data by nanoindentation varies dramatically for oxide films grown by different rates at 9.4 V, and to a lesser extent at lower potentials. The variation of film strength is associated with both compositional and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This document is a collection of spreadsheets detailing on a county by county basis the agricultural crop, agricultural wastes, municipal wastes, and industrial wastes of Virginia that are potential biomass energy sources.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This document is a collection of spreadsheets detailing on a county by county basis the agricultural crop, agricultural wastes, municipal wastes and industrial wastes of Alabama that are potential biomass energy sources.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Concentrations of ammonia and the chlorine stabilizer, cyanuric acid, which could be expected in swimming pools decreased the rate of kill by chlorine of the potential pathogen, Pseudomonas...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Costs of parasitism are commonly measured by comparing the performance of infected groups of individuals to that of uninfected control groups. This measure potentially underestimates the cost of parasitism...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Several organophosphate and organochlorine compounds, including pesticides commonly found in the Great Lakes basin, have the potential to induce immunotoxicity. Because of biomagnification and accumulation...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... 31. New electric forming methods offer potentials for light metals; magnetic forming and plasma forming. ... 3, 25 Magnetic Forming ..... ...

Science.gov (United States)

... potential propagation in terminal nerve fibers or at the neuromuscular ... means of prosthesis control (Graupe, et al, 1975). ... parallel interface, a joystick ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper presents a mathematical model for simultaneous heat and moisture transfer under freezing-thawing in porous hygroscopic material. Even below O{sup o}C, unfrozen liquid water exists in the material which plays an important role in the processes. The model takes into account the existence of unfrozen liquid water. The system is treated as a three-(gas, liquid and solid) phase system of water. Moisture chemical potential is used as a moisture potential. Under freezing, moisture chemical potential is a unique function of local temperature. So, during freezing, two unknown variables to be solved are solid water content and moisture potential or temperature. A simple example of simulation for freezing processes is shown. (author)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are a significant component of a wider family of retroelements that constitute part of the human genome. These viruses, perhaps representative of previous exogenous...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Cellular senescence is an important mechanism for preventing the proliferation of potential cancer cells. Recently, however, it has become apparent that this process entails more than a simple cessation...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Background and objectives: Despite potential significance of fatigue and its underlying components in the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases, epidemiologic data showing the link are virtually limited....Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Results showed that a simple yttrium coating offered more potential for ... was from 70 to 150 K (125' to 200' F) above that for the yttrium coating. ...

Science.gov (United States)

Report) A Screening Assessment of the Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) Mitigation in the Great Lakes and New England Regions (Final Report)...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this paper we demonstrate the electrodeposition of nickel, a common ferromagnetic material, in various magnetically desirable shapes including nanowires, nanoparticles and highly faceted shells. In order to obtain three dimensional mesostructures, the electrochemical deposition of nickel was performed on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) under different electrolyte composition and deposition potential conditions. Under potentiostatic deposition at one distinct potential negative with respect to the reversible potential of nickel, three stages of nucleation and growth take place leading to a complex morphology of deposits. However, dual-pulse potential deposition and electrodeposition in low pH solutions causing hydrogen evolution, lead to nickel deposits in the form of nanowires...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In spite of its widespread clinical application, there is little information on the cellular cardiac effects of the antidiabetic drug rosiglitazone in larger experimental animals. In the present study therefore concentration-dependent effects of rosiglitazone on action potential morphology and the underlying ion currents were studied in dog hearts. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Standard microelectrode techniques, conventional whole cell patch clamp and action potential voltage clamp techniques were applied in enzymatically dispersed ventricular cells from dog hearts. KEY RESULTS At concentrations -10-M rosiglitazone decreased the amplitude of phase-1 repolarization, reduced the maximum velocity of depolarization and caused depression of the plateau potential. These effects d...

Science.gov (United States)

... associated with non-reporting of phosphorus input from combined sewer overflow discharge all could potentially play a part in ... ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An all-atom polarizable chloroform (CHCl{sub 3}) potential model has been developed using the classical molecular dynamics techniques. This potential is shown to reproduce reasonably well the structural, dynamical, and thermodynamic properties of bulk liquid CHCl{sub 3} at various temperatures and pressures. With this potential, we carried out computer simulations to investigate the CHCl{sub 3}-H{sub 2}O liquid/liquid interface. Detailed structural and electrical properties at the interface will be analyzed via the density profile, radial distribution functions, molecular orientation, hydrogen bonding, and the z-dependent dipole distributions. Comparison will also be made to the results of the CCl{sub 4}-H{sub 2}O liquid/liquid interface.

Science.gov (United States)

Government policies that encourage exploitation--in particular excessive logging and clearing for ranches and farms--are largely to blame for the accelerating destruction of tropical forests. This paper surveys the problem in detail and briefly recommends potential solutions.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Presents a cost-benefit of analysis of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle technology, including potential petroleum use reduction.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The study has analysed the effects of various factors on hydroelectric power generation potential to include climate change/variability, water demand, and installation of proposed hydroelectric power schemes in the Zambezi River Basin. An assessment of historical (1970?2000) power potential in relation to climate change/variability at existing hydro electric power schemes(Cahora Bassa, Kariba, Kafue Gorge and Itezhi-Tezhi) in the Zambezi River Basin was conducted. The correlation of hydroelectric power potential with climate change/variability aimed at observing the link and extent of influence of the latter on the former was investigated. In order to predict the future outlook of hydro electric power potential, General Circulation Models (GCM) were used to generate projected precipitation...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe metagenomic analysis of microbial communities holds the potential to improve our understanding of the role of microbes in clinical conditions. Recent, dramatic improvements...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... Accession Number : ADA092132. Title : Analysis of Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Processes for Potential Use on Army Coal-Fired Boilers. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Short communication.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Conditions for the construction of polynomial eigen-operators for the Hamiltonian of collective string field theories are explored. Such eigen-operators arise for only one monomial potential v(x)=#mu#x"2 in the collective field theory. They form a w_#infinity#-algebra isomorphic to the algebra of vertex operators in 2d gravity. Polynomial potentials of orders only strictly larger or smaller than 2 have no non-zero-energy polynomial eigen-operators. This analysis leads us to consider a particular potential #nu#(x)=#mu#x"2+g/x"2. A Lie algebra of polynomial eigen-operators is then constructed for this potential. It is a symmetric 2-index Lie algebra, also represented as a subalgebra of U(sl(2)). (orig.).

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The stable introduction of therapeutic transgenes into human cells can be accomplished using viral and nonviral approaches. Transduction with clinical-grade recombinant viruses offers the potential...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This book examines some of the basic principles behind chemical reactions kinetics. Topics considered include ab initio determination of potential energy for chemical reactions; semi-empirical potential energy surfaces; general theory of reactive scattering: different equation approach; and integral equation approach to reactive scattering.

CERN Document Server

In this Letter the bound states of (2+1) Dirac equation with the cylindrically symmetric $\\delta (r-r_{0})$-potential are discussed. It is surprisingly found that the relation between the radial functions at two sides of $r_{0}$ can be established by an SO(2) transformation. We obtain a transcendental equation for calculating the energy of the bound state from the matching condition in the configuration space. The condition for existence of bound states is determined by the Sturm-Liouville theorem.

CERN Document Server

All-order spurion-corrected superpropagators and superfield Feynman rules are employed to systematically compute a two-loop corrected effective potential for the O'Raifeartaigh model, that realizes spontaneous supersymmetry breaking. Though the shifted superpropagators are rather nontrivial, superspace techniques may be suitably extended and confirm their efficacy in computing radiative corrections even when supersymmetry breakdown occurs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors study the general features of the dimensional reduction scheme for multi-dimensional spaces of the type M/sup 4/ x S/R, S/R being a symmetric coset space. The properties of the scalar potentials of the reduced theories are investigated and an effective method of explicit calculation of these potentials is elaborated. They consider also a wide class of embeddings of Lie subalgebras into simple Lie algebras resulting in reduced theories of physical interest.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

1. The induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) was investigated in the rat dentate gyrus in the presence of ryanodine, an agent which is known to selectively bind to the ryanodine receptor (RyR) Ca2+...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Radial distribution functions of liquid sodium and caesium at 100"0C have been calculated by the method of molecular dynamics with interionic pair potentials derived from Heine-Abarenkov-Shaw type model potential. The results were found to be in good agreement with recent experimental data. (Auth.).

CERN Document Server

High energy muon colliders, such as the TeV-scale conceptual designs now being considered, are found to produce enough high energy neutrinos to constitute a potentially serious off-site radiation hazard in the neighbourhood of the accelerator site. A general characterization of this radiation hazard is given, followed by an order-of-magnitude calculation for the off-site annual radiation dose and a discussion of accelerator design and site selection strategies to minimize the radiation hazard.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Several of the issues of the workshop are addressed from the perspective of a potential Space Station developer and energy wheel user. Systems considerations are emphasized rather than component technology. The potential of energy storage wheel (ESW) concept is discussed. The current status of the technology base is described. Justification for advanced technology development is also discussed. The study concludes that energy storage in wheels is an attractive concept for immediate technology development and future Space Station application.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We report the oxygen, hydrogen, and deuterium effects on nitrogen implantation of stainless steel. Oxygen is absorbed on the surface creating a potential barrier and diminishing the nitrogen retention. Deuterium removes more oxygen from the surface than hydrogen, augmenting the nitrogen chemical potential and yielding faster nitrogen diffusion into the bulk material.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Triassic sedimentary rocks are widespread in the Pechora sineclise and Pre-Uralian edge trough territory. They are up to 920 and 400 m thick respectively. Commercial flows of oil and gas have been obtained from these deposits in the last few years. The geology of the area is described and its is concluded that the main oil and gas potential should be connected with the northern areas of the Pechora sineclise.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dissipation of energy of #beta#"--radiation in polyvinylchloride (PVC) was analyzed. Change of PVC properties at irradiation by beta beams with energy 2,32 MeV was characterized using potentials of inter- and intramolecular interactions as well as Born potential. Correlation between some micro- and macroproperties of PVC was detected and ways of their controlled correction were proposed. (authors)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Assessing the potential environmental and human effects of deploying renewable energy on private and public lands, along our coasts, on the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS), and in the Great Lakes requires a new way of evaluating potential environmental and human impacts. The author argues that deployment of renewables requires a framework risk paradigm that underpins effective future siting decisions and public policies.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Cadomin area in Alberta contains two major coal mines and may be the site of Alberta's next new coal mine in the Coalspur Coalfield. No recent geological maps exist of the area. This paper details the methodology for mapping this heavily forested area. Coalbed methane potential is also discussed. 12 refs., 5 figs.

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Electrochemical cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPP) experiments were performed on several candidate high-performance waste package container materials to evaluate their susceptibility to localized corrosion in aqueous environments relevant to the potential underground high-level nuclear waste repository. This paper presents the results of this study showing the effects of chloride ion (Cl) concentrations, pH, temperature, and electrochemical potential scan rate on the pitting corrosion behavior of these materials.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To calculate the energy band structures in semiconductors using the relativistic augmented plane wave method, atomic potential and charge density are needed, which are calculated by self-consistent method. Wave function for one electron is determined by solving the Dirac equation with the Hartree-Fock equation based on the slater's exchange potential. The results of calculation for Cu"+"1 are given. (Author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Clastic sediments of Albian age provide hydrocarbon source rocks, reservoirs and seals. Major reservoirs occur in sandstones to the north, and have a limited reservoir potential in offshore Qatar. Distal shales are a major seal in offshore Qatar, the United Arab Emirates and Oman. Local source-rock potential exists in the northern part of the Arabian Gulf and in the extreme SE of Saudi Arabia (in the Rub Al Khali Basin). (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper discussed the potential of biofuels with particular reference to the situation in Germany and Europe. Emphasis was on technical potential, such as biofuel production, utilization and environmental aspects. The Institute of Agricultural Technology and Biosystems Engineering ran vTI emission tests on diesel engines to evaluate the environmental impacts of biofuels. This testing facility is able to drive heavy-duty diesel engines in both stationary and dynamic test cycles, such as the European ESC and ETC. Additional analyses were conducted to determine the fine and ultra-fine particles, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), aldehydes, ketones, and the usual regulated exhaust gas compounds. Ames tests were conducted to assess the mutagenic potential of tailpipe emissions. Previous study results showed that neat vegetable oils can render the exhaust high in mutagenic potency. Some of the non-regulated exhaust gas ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper presents an overview of issues related to surface water contamination arising from uranium mining activities in the Alligator Rivers Region (ARR) of northern Australia, and a program of research and monitoring that must assess the potential and actual effects on ecosystem and human health. The program of assessing effects on aquatic ecosystems involves a four-tiered approach including the derivation of local water quality guideline trigger values, direct toxicity assessment of mine waters prior to their release, creekside or in situ monitoring for early warning of adverse effects during mine water release, and longer-term monitoring of macroinvertebrate and fish communities. Bioaccumulation in aquatic biota is also assessed, and is an issue of importance not only to ecosystem health, but also to the health of local Aboriginal people. The aquatic animals they consume represent potential sources of radiological dose, and as a result, a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Electronic properties of passive films formed on Fe at various applied potentials in pH 8.5 buffer solution were examined through the photocurrent measurement and impedance spectroscopy. Passive film formed on Fe at relatively low potentials was found to be r-FeOOH layer and internal r-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} layer. However, the r-FeOOH layer became unstable and disappeared at potentials below 400mV and hence may be an adsorbed layer. An electronic band structure model for the passive film of Fe was suggested on the basis of the spinel band model with involving two types of electronic excitation processes, i. e., the p-d and the d-d transition together. The effects of applied potential on the photocurrent behaviors of the passive film on Fe were explained appropriately by separating the photocurrent spectra depending on the transition type. The Mott-Schottky behavior for the passive film on Fe and the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Volumetric properties of liquid mixtures of neon and hydrogen have been calculated using path integral hybrid Monte Carlo simulations. Realistic potentials have been used for the three interactions involved. Molar volumes and excess volumes of these mixtures have been evaluated for various compositions at 29 and 31.14 K, and 30 atm. Significant quantum effects are observed in molar volumes. Quantum simulations agree well with experimental molar volumes. Calculated excess volumes agree qualitatively with experimental values. However, contrary to the existing understanding that large positive deviations from ideal mixtures are caused due to quantum effects in Ne{endash}H{sub 2} mixtures, both classical as well as quantum simulations predict the large positive deviations from ideal mixtures. Further investigations using two other Ne{endash}H{sub 2} potentials of Lennard{endash}Jones (LJ) type show that excess volumes are very sensitive to the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The effect of uniaxial tensile stress on intergranular corrosion (IGC) of AA2024-T3 was studied using the foil penetration technique. Standard ASTM G49 fixed-displacement jigs were modified to allow the use of sheet samples, which were then attached to an electrochemical cell as in the foil penetration setup. The time for IGC to penetrate samples of varying thickness was monitored. This method provides a new approach to bridge the gap between IGC and intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC). Samples with various orientations relative to the rolling direction were studied in 1.0 M NaCl at controlled anodic potentials. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements indicated that the two breakdown potentials typically observed for AA2024-T3 were lower for stressed samples than for unstressed samples, and the current at a given potential was higher. The penetration rate depended on potential and was ...

Science.gov (United States)

In this paper, we studied vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) and adsorption of ethylene on graphitized thermal carbon black and in slit pores whose walls are composed of graphene layers. Simple models of a one-center Lennard-Jones (LJ) potential and a two-center united atom (UA)-LJ potential are investigated to study the impact of the choice of potential models in the description of VLE and adsorption behavior. Here, we used a Monte Carlo simulation method with grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) and Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo ensembles. The one-center potential model cannot describe adequately the VLE over the practical range of temperature from the triple point to the critical point. On the other hand, the two-center potential model (Wick et al. J. Phys. Chem. B 2000, 104, 8008-8016) performs well in the description of VLE (saturated vapor and liquid densities and vapor pressure) over ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

As the ground state potential curve is strongly related to spectral line shapes, the minumum position of the ground state potential is obtained from the experiemental absorption profile k({delta}{nu}, T) at high density of the radiating atoms. The temperature dependence of the absorption processes of Hg and Cd lines 253.65 and 326.1 nm, respectively perturbed by inert gases (Xe, Kr, Ar and Ne) had been carefully studied over a wide spectral range. Using the point of the maximum temperature dependence {delta}{nu} {sub m} in each case, we are able to calculate the position of the ground state potential R {sub m} using a simple formula.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Background The 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) infected over 8000 people and killed 774. Transmission of SARS occurred through direct and indirect contact and large droplet nuclei. The World Health Organization recommended the use of household disinfectants, which have not been previously tested against SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), to disinfect potentially contaminated environmental surfaces. There is a need for a surrogate test system given the limited availability of the SARS-CoV for testing and biosafety requirements necessary to safely handle it. In this study, the antiviral activity of standard household products was assayed against murine hepatitis virus (MHV), as a potential surrogate for SARS-CoV. Methods A surface test method, which involves drying an amo...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Storage of thermal energy in aquifers has obvious benefits of saving energy and decreasing the consumption of fossil fuels. However, aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES), which involves groundwater aquifers as the storage medium for heat or chill, impinges on the environment. A literature review of pertinent microbiology publications (Hicks and Stewart, 1988) identified the potential for the interaction of ATES systems and microbiological processes to create a source of infectious diseases and the potential for damage to the environment. In addition, the review identified a potential for microbiological processes to develop conditions that would interfere with the operation of an ATES system. As a result of this research effort, investigators from Finland, Germany, Switzerland, and the United States have examined several ATES systems in operation and have observed that the ATES systems studied do not contribute to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moss-Schottky plots and photoelectrochemical measurements were made on films formed at different potentials on AISI 304 stainless steel in a borate/boric acid solution, pH 9.2. The results allowed the determination of the semiconductive properties and band structure of the films, which account for the existence of two kinds of films depending on the formation potential. For potentials below 0 V (SCE), the results point out for a film with an inverse spinel structure constituted by Cr-substituted magnetite with two donor levels. Above 0 V only one donor level is detected, which should be Fe{sup 2 +} on tetrahedral sites.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The linearized collective Schroedinger equation for nuclear quadrupole surface vibrations incorporates a new spin degree of freeedom with a spin value of 3/2. We use this equation to describe the low energy spectrum of certain even-odd Ir nuclei which have a spin 3/2 in their ground state. For that purpose we explicitly introduce collective spin-dependent potentials which simulate the interaction of the valence nucleon with the core. The linearized Schroedinger equation is transformed into an effective Schroedinger equation with collective spin-dependent potentials. Already collective spin-orbit couplings of SO(3) and SO(5) type are sufficient to reproduce the lowest excited states of even-odd Ir nuclei. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The small-angle X-ray scattering technique was used to determine the intermolecular structure and interaction potentials in oxi-and deoxi-hemoglobin solutions. The pair correlation function obtained by the ZERNICKE-PRINS equation characterizes the intermolecular structure of the hemoglobin molecules. The intermolecular structure is concentration dependent. The hemoglobin molecules have a 'short range order structure' with a range of about 4 molecule diameters at 324 g/l. The potential functions of the hemoglobin-hemoglobin interaction have been determined on the basis of fluid theories. Except for the deoxi-hemoglobin solution having the concentration 370 g/l, the pair interaction consists in a short repulsion and a weak short-range attraction against kT. The potential minimum is between 1.2 - 1.5 nm above the greatest hemoglobin diameter. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Simple frameworks have been developed for estimating the utilization potential of: (a) solar photovoltaic (SPV) pumps; (b) windmill pumps; (c) producer gas based dual fuel engine pumps; and (d) biogas based dual fuel engine pumps for irrigation water pumping in India. The approach takes into account factors such as: solar radiation intensity, wind speed, availability of bovine dung and agri-residues, and their alternative uses, ground water requirements for irrigation and its availability, affordability, and propensity of the users to invest in renewable energy devices, etc. SPV pumps are estimated to have the maximum utilization potential in India, followed by windmill pumps. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A series of four 125I-labeled 1-substituted-4-phenylpiperazines were prepared and evaluated in rats as potential brain imaging agents. The compounds were labeled using (125I)iodide/chloramine-T or iodine monochloride and isolated in 48-60% radiochemical yields. The tissue distribution studies indicated that a butyrophenone derivative demonstrated the best overall brain-imaging properties. Compared with the compounds having other 1-substituents this agent had a more prolonged retention of activity in the brain and higher brain-to-blood ratios over the 4-h period studied. The in vivo behavior of this agent is comparable to that of radioiodinated N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine, and, because it can be labeled directly via electrophilic methods, it has substantial potential for use in brain imaging with single photon emission computed tomography.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Climex climate-matching and inferential-modelling was used to examine the naturalisation potential of genetically modified and non-transgenic Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum variety hirsutum) in Australia north of latitude 22degreeS. The Climate-Match (CM) function was used to identify locations in north-east Australia where climate matches (CM Index>0.7) the experimental sites of Eastick [Eastick, R., 2002. The Potential Weediness of Transgenic Cotton in Northern Australia. Northern Territory Department of Business, Industry and Resource Development Technical Bulletin No. 305 (Internet resource: http://cotton.pi.csiro.au/Assets/PDFFiles/TB3051.pdf)] in north-west Australia. Most of Australia north of 22degreeS had climate matching one or more of the sites of Eastick (2002), locations wh...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Positron emission tomography (PET) is the gold standard for non-invasive assessment of myocardial viability and allows accurate detection of coronary artery disease by assessment of myocardial perfusion. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides high resolution anatomical images that allow accurate evaluation of ventricular structure and function together with detection of myocardial infarction. Potential hybrid PET/MR tomography may potentially facilitate the combination of information from these imaging modalities in cardiology. Furthermore, the combination of anatomical MRI images with the high sensitivity of PET for detecting molecular targets may extent the application of these modalities to the characterization of atherosclerotic plaques and to the evaluation of angiogenetic or stem cell therapies, for example. This article reviews studies using MRI and PET in parallel to compare their performance in cardiac applications together with the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This discussion paper has two goals: first, to raise public awareness of food irradiation, an emerging technology in which Canada has the potential to build a new industry, mainly oriented to promising overseas markets; and second, to help build consensus among government and private sector decision makers about what has to be done to realize the domestic and export potential. The following pages discuss the potential of food irradiation; indicate how food is irradiated; outline the uses of food irradiation; examine questions of the safety of the equipment and both the safety and nutritional value of irradiated food; look at international commercial developments; assess the current and emerging domestic scene; and finally, draw some conclusions and offer suggestions for action.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The ECP of construction materials in the water steam circuits of power plants is influenced by many parameters, including: reactions of oxidants, such as O{sub 2} or dissolved copper species; and reactions of reducing species, namely N{sub 2}H{sub 4}. Electrochemical measurements were performed to clarify the role of hydrazine for the open circuit potential in water/steam circuits. Current density electrode potential curves of the electrochemical oxidation of hydrazine and the reduction of oxygen in aqueous solutions were measured as a function of temperature in the range from room temperature to approximately 260{degrees}C. The electrode materials used were platinum, gold and Alloy 800 mod.. In addition, corrosion potentials were measured in water containing oxygen or hydrazine.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Passive films were formed on a high purity Fe-23 Cr alloy in acid sulfate solutions in the presence and absence of chloride ion. The resulting film composition was investigated by Auger depth profiling. The passivated samples were exposed to a 1M NaCl solution at a constant potential slightly above the critical pitting potential, and the current-time transient was measured in order to compare the relative stability of the different films. The results obtained suggest that the formation conditions influence the chloride content of the passive film and the breakdown behavior. Passive films formed in the presence of chloride contain and are slightly less stable towards breakdown. No chloride was found in films formed in sulfate and subsequently exposed to chloride well below the pitting potential.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The elastic and inelastic scattering of "1"4C at 51 MeV from targets of "4"0Ca, "5"6Fe, "6"0Ni, "6"6Zn and "8"8Sr has been measured using a Q3D spectrometer. The "1"4C-nucleus potentials have been derived by optical-model analysis of the observed elastic scattering; the inelastic scattering differential cross sections were interpreted in the distorted-wave Born approximation and also in the coupled-channels approach. The analysis yields "1"4C-nucleus potentials that closely resemble "1"2sup(,)"1"3C and "1"6O potentials. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper describes stable strontium as composed of four stable isotopes ( Sr 88, Sr 87, Sr 86, and Sr 84), of which Sr 88 contributes more than 82% to its composition. Strontium exists in three crystalline, plymorphic forms; face-centered cubic alpha form, hexagonal beta form and body-centered cubic gamma form. Strontium occupies in many physicochemical aspects an intermediate position between calcium and barium, as does the solubility of strontium salts. As a result of its oxidation potential, strontium readily forms oxides, halides, and sulfide. The author proposes that the slight discrimination against strontium incorporation into bony tissues may be due to the difference in ionic potential (14%) between strontium and calcium. Ionic potential is an indicator of the strength of ionic bonds: strontium has a smaller ratio of ionic charge to ionic radius when compared with calcium.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The dynamical effects of spatially homogeneous electromagnetic fields on anisotropic Bianchi type-IX models are studied. The Lagrangians and Hamiltonians affecting the evolution of anisotropy (including the gravitational and electromagnetic potentials) are obtained for very general spatially homogeneous metrics by means of the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner Hamiltonian formalism. For models having diagonal metrics an exact solution for the electromagnetic fields is obtained. This solution allows a qualitative solution for the gravitational variables. The total solution is similar to that of Brill. For Bianchi type-IX models having symmetric and general metrics, a discussion of the qualitative behavior of the universe point under the influence of the above potentials is given. In particular, it is shown that in some cases the presence of the electromagnetic potential inhibits some types of singularities.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We investigate the asymptotic properties of the Bianchi type IX cosmological model in the brane-world scenario. The matter content is assumed to be a combination of a perfect fluid and a minimimally coupled scalar field that is restricted to the brane. A detailed qualitative analysis of the Bianchi type IX brane-world containing a scalar field having an exponential potential is undertaken. It is found that the brane-Robertson-Walker solution is a local source for the expanding Bianchi type IX models, and if k"2<2 the ever-expanding Bianchi IX models asymptote to the power-law inflationary solution. The only other local sink is the contracting brane-Robertson Walker solution. An analysis of the Bianchi type IX models with a scalar field with a general potential is discussed, and it is shown that in the case of expanding models, for physical scalar field potentials close to the initial singularity, the scalar field is ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract:- Significant interest has emerged in the introduction of food packaging materials manufactured from biodegradable polymers that have the potential to reduce the environmental impacts associated with conventional packaging materials. Current technologies in active packaging enable effective antimicrobial (AM) packaging films to be prepared from biodegradable materials that have been modified and/or blended with different compatible materials and/or plasticisers. A wide range of AM films prepared from modified biodegradable materials have the potential to be used for packaging of various food products. This review examines biodegradable polymers derived from polysaccharides and protein-based materials for their potential use in packaging systems designed for the protection of food ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

It is necessary to identify those measurable soil parameters which dictate the severity of the corrosion problem for coated irons and steels. When this is done, meaningful accelerated aging tests can be designed to validate the reduced corrosion rate for the planned coating. The following discussion introduces the important concepts and measurement parameters in the (a) design of accelerated aging tests, and (b) evaluation of the planned installation site for corrosion potential. Certain combinations of soil oxidation reduction potential (ORP) or electric potential (Eh), acidity (pH), fertilizer, water table, and soil hydraulic conductivity can result in severe corrosion of buried steel/iron vessels. If there are power lines nearby, additional loss of vessel material to the soil will occur. These factors are discussed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The real parts of the optical model potentials for 104 MeV alpha-particle and 156 MeV "6Li ion scattering from "4"0,"4"8Ca are calculated in terms of folding model approaches. The validity of different procedures is tested by comparing the differential cross section predictions with experimental data measured with high angular accuracy. It is found that a refined folding potential accounting for density dependence of an effective nucleon-nucleon interaction is appropriate for alpha particle scattering without any parameter adjustment. However, for "6Li ion scattering renormalization of the depth of the real potentials is necessary. (orig.).

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

are you exchanging data or metadata through specific agreements with a defined number of partners? or are you intending to make data or metadata available in a more "open" environment, with the expectation that it may be used by a potentially unlimited number of services? ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Successfully using artificial insemination (AI) is defined as getting cows pregnant when the farmer wants them in-calf and making the best use of appropriate genetic potential. Over the past...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundMicroarray studies can supplement QTL studies by suggesting potential candidate genes in the QTL regions, which by themselves are too large to provide a limited selection...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Uracil appears in DNA as a result of cytosine deamination and by incorporation from the dUTP pool. As potentially mutagenic and deleterious for cell regulation, uracil must be removed from DNA....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundDinoflagellates are unicellular, often photosynthetic protists that play a major role in the dynamics of the Earth's oceans and climate. Sequencing of dinoflagellate nuclear...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... J. W. and R. A. de Zeeuw. 1990. Transdermal drug delivery: efficacy and potential applications of the penetration enhancer ... ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundInterim analysis of accumulating trial data is important to protect participant safety during randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data Monitoring Committees (DMCs) often...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Domestic, low-level exposure to radon gas is considered a major environmental lung-cancer hazard involving DNA damage to bronchial cells by α particles from radon progeny. At domestic exposure...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Deregulation of utilities will require providers of electric power to put the issue of competition at the top of their strategic planning agenda. The companies that will flourish in this new competitive environment are those that have strongly committed customers and potential to grow. {open_quotes}Commitment{close_quotes} is the complex psychological bond between a customer and a brand (or choice); it is critical to measure because it is the foundation of loyalty and brand equity. The Conversion Model is an established, validated strategic research tool that measures customer commitment and potential to change. It was designed to help marketers devise strategies to strengthen the commitment of current customers and to acquire new customers. The Model helps companies protect and grow their businesss by first quantifying the commitment of current customers and the potential to convert competitors` customers. Further, the ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of concha bullosa and nasal septal deviation and their potential relationships to maxillary sinusitis. 883 CT scans taken at Creighton University...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

A technical review is presented of experiment activities and state of knowledge on air-borne, radiation source terms resulting from explosive sabotage attacks on spent reactor fuel subassemblies in shielded casks. Current assumptions about the behavior of irradiated fuel are largely based on a limited number of experimental results involving unirradiated, depleted uranium dioxide ''surrogate'' fuel. The behavior of irradiated nuclear fuel subjected to explosive conditions could be different from the behavior of the surrogate fuel, depending on the assumptions made by the evaluator. Available data indicate that these potential differences could result in errors, and possible orders-of-magnitude overestimates of aerosol dispersion and potential health effects from sabotage attacks. Furthermore, it is suggested that the current assumptions used in arriving at existing regulations for the transportation and ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The potential effect of lindane and its formulations on stillbirths and abortion in pregnant sows was investigated. One of four formulations of lindane were applied at five times the registered dosage...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

The commercial potential of the 17 m, 100 kW Darrieus Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) is discussed. Long term testing is in progress. As the first commercially adapted Darrieus turbines built by DOE, the superior cost, structural integrity, and output characteristics demonstrated by the prototypes appear particularly promising.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Recent studies suggest that TJ-41, a herbal drug, possesses chemotherapeutic effects. Accordingly, this study was undertaken to investigate the anticarcinogenic effects of TJ-41 on human breast cancer...Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

We present a model of inflation in a supergravity framework in the Einstein frame where the Higgs field of the next to minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM) plays the role of the inflaton. Previous attempts which assumed non-minimal coupling to gravity failed due to a tachyonic instability of the singlet field during inflation. A canonical K\\"{a}hler potential with \\textit{minimal coupling} to gravity can resolve the tachyonic instability but runs into the $\\eta$-problem. We suggest a model which is free of the $\\eta$-problem due to an additional coupling in the K\\"{a}hler potential which is allowed by the Standard Model gauge group. This induces directions in the potential which we call K-flat. For a certain value of the new coupling in the (N)MSSM, the K\\"{a}hler potential is special, because it can be associated with a certain shift symmetry for the Higgs doublets, a generalization of ...

Science.gov (United States)

Embryonic stem cells have the ability to develop into virtually any cell in the body, and may have the potential to treat medical conditions such as diabetes and Parkinsons disease. On August 9, 2001, President Bush announced that for the first time feder...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The concentrations of doxycycline and 4-de-dimethylaminotetracycline required to inhibit 50% of collagenase activity were found to be 15 to 30 microM for human neutrophil and gingival crevicular fluid...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

According to world statistics, dogs and cats are the species that owners most frequently seek assistance with potential poisonings, accounting 95–98% of all reported animal cases. Exposures...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundSilica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are being formulated for cellular imaging and for nonviral gene delivery in the central nervous system (CNS), but it is unclear what potential...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Fresh blood has many potential advantages over older blood, but there is no evidence that these properties translate into clinical benefit for intensive care patients. The observational multicenter...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundRecent evidence suggests that some sex differences in brain and behavior might result from direct genetic effects, and not solely the result of the organizational effects...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

ColV plasmids of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) encode a variety of fitness and virulence factors and have long been associated with septicemia and avian colibacillosis....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

G-protein-coupled receptor signalling has been suggested to be voltage dependent in a number of cell types; however, the limits of sensitivity of this potentially important phenomenon are unknown. Using...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Xylem failure via gas embolism (cavitation) induced by water stress was investigated in the palm Rhapis excelsa (Thumb.) Henry. Xylem embolism in excised stems and petioles was detected...Full Text Available