Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Gordon Research Conference (GRC) on 2004 Gordon Research Conference on Reversible Associations in Structure & Molecular Biology was held at Four Points Sheraton, CA, 1/25-30/2004. The Conference was well attended with 82 participants (attendees list attached). The attendees represented the spectrum of endeavor in this field coming from academia, industry, and government laboratories, both U.S. and foreign scientists, senior researchers, young investigators, and students.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The young open cluster Berkeley 87 was predicted to be associated with the COS B {gamma}-ray source 2CG 075+00 on the basis of the experimental evidence of the presence of a shock front around the Wolf - Rayet star ST3 placed in the inner part of the cluster. The CGRO phase-1 data confirm this identification. Protons accelerated at the shock boundary can produce {pi} deg. via p-p interactions and then {gamma}-rays. With the measured flux F{sub {gamma}} (E > 100 MeV) {approx_equal} 9x10{sup -7} ph cm{sup -2} s{sup -1} and the power-law proton spectrum with spectral index {gamma} = 2, the cosmic-ray-energy-density in the inner part ({approx} 0.8 pc radius) of Berk 87 is about 100 times greater than that in the vicinity of the Earth. We have calculated {gamma}-ray spectra expected from the decay of {pi}{sup d}eg. produced in p-p interactions. The spectra have been normalized to the observed flux of Berk 87 by using different input proton ...

CERN Document Server

We examine the star clusters in the irregular galaxy NGC 4449. We use a near-infrared spectrum and broad-band images taken with the HST to place a limit of 8--15 Myrs on the age of the bright central ojbect in NGC 4449. Its luminosity and size suggest that it is comparable to young super star clusters. However, there is a peculiar nucleated-bar structure at the center of this star cluster, and we suggest that this structure is debris from the interaction that has produced the counter-rotating gas systems and extended gas streamers in the galaxy. From the images we identify 60 other candidate compact star clusters in NGC 4449. Fourteen of these could be background elliptical galaxies or old globular star clusters. Of the star clusters, three, in addition to the central object, are potentially super star clusters, and many others are comparable to the populous clusters found in the LMC. The star clusters span a large range in ages with no obvious ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We study the spectral evolution of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) taking into account the energy injected when they are young. We model the evolution of the magnetic field inside a uniformly expanding PWN. Considering time-dependent injection from the pulsar and coolings by radiative and adiabatic losses, we solve the evolution of the particle distribution function. The model is calibrated by fitting the calculated spectrum to the observations of the Crab Nebula at an age of a thousand years. The spectral evolution of the Crab Nebula in our model shows that the flux ratio of TeV #gamma#-rays to X-rays increases with time, which implies that old PWNe are faint in X-rays, but not in TeV #gamma#-rays. The increase of this ratio is because the magnetic field decreases with time and is not because the X-ray emitting particles are cooled more rapidly than the TeV #gamma#-ray emitting particles. Our spectral evolution model matches the observed rate of ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

This study sought to assess the association between traditional masculine gender role ideologies and sexual risk and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration behaviors in young men's heterosexual...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Though the genetic background of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke is often polygenetic or multifactorial, it can in some cases result from a monogenic disease, particularly in young adults. Besides...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... The ultimate compressive strength was measured, and values for Young's modulus were calculated from the linear portion of the test curve. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The cosmic ray neutron spectrum at sea level has been measured by the method of pulse shape discrimination in anthracene scintillator. The exponent of the differential spectrum was found to be 2.2+-0.1. (Auth.).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A mechanical model with local resonators is proposed as an acoustic metamaterial that exhibits an unusual frequency-dependent effective stiffness. If treated as an equivalent elastic solid, its effective Young's modulus can become unbounded or vanishingly small at two respective frequencies. Moreover, in a certain frequency range, the effective Young's modulus would become negative, resulting in a band gap that coincides with this frequency range. The wave attenuation behavior and mechanism are studied through numerical simulations on the acoustic metamaterial model. The capability of the metamaterial to selectively block or filter unwanted waves is demonstrated by a numerical simulation example.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A diagnosis of dementia is devastating at any age but diagnosis in younger patients presents a particular challenge. The differential diagnosis is broad as late presentation of metabolic disease...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The present study investigated the association of mothers’ marriage and changes in young adolescents’ cognitive and socioemotional development and changes in family processes....Full Text Available

Medline Plus

... VIDEO: FASDs Cause More Severe Behavioral Problems Than ADHD, Baking Soda May Slow Chronic Kidney Disease, Higher ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Two experiments are reported on the influence of cognitive aging on grammatical choice in language production. In both experiments, participants from two age-groups (young and old) produced...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The paper brings forth the information related to the youth organizations acting at the factory, their policies, provisions of youth incentives, intake of employees to the company, labor motivation. There is also the information on the events, which take place on site, on the arrangements of the young employees' leisure, as well as on the creative and productive potential of the factory. (author)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundAs the promotion of alcohol and tobacco to young people through direct advertising has become increasingly restricted, there has been greater interest in whether images...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Published in summary form only.

CERN Document Server

We define the Bloch spectrum of a quantum graph to be the collection of the spectra of a family of Schr\\"odinger operators parametrized by the cohomology of the quantum graph. We show that the Bloch spectrum determines the Albanese torus, the block structure and the planarity of the graph. It determines a geometric dual of a planar graph. This enables us to show that the Bloch spectrum completely determines planar 3-connected quantum graphs.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Participation in conventional politics, such as elections, membership of organizations and political parties, is relatively low among young adults of ethnic minority background. Instead, engagement seems to find its way through aesthetic and other expressive channels of influence drawing on new technologies, impulses from transnational youth culture traditions, and both street riots and less conflictual actions. The aim of this article is to grasp a potential social movement in the making, by exploring the processes of articulation through which young people from immigrant families in Norway express their political engagement. The phenomenon of articulation is understood as a process comprising three steps or modes: (i) becoming conscious; (ii) generating expressions and (iii) collective a...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The present study consisted of two experiments to compare new word learning in healthy young (N = 11) and older (N = 17) adults within an explicit learning paradigm. Experiment 1 investigated the new name learning for familiar objects, while Experiment 2 investigated learning names and descriptions for unfamiliar objects. Participants attended five learning sessions over 5 consecutive days, during which they viewed objects with novel names with/without descriptions. The older adults were as accurate as the young adults when recalling and recognizing new names during the learning sessions. With respect to response times, the older adults were as rapid as the young adults at recognizing the new names for the familiar objects, but were slower during the follow-up sessions. The older adults we...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundModern metal-on-metal hip resurfacing implants are being increasingly used for young and active patients, although the long-term outcome and failure mechanisms of these...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

AbstractThe structural integrity of striated muscle is determined by extra-sarcomere cytoskeleton that includes structures that connect the Z-disks and M-bands of a sarcomere to sarcomeres...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

PurposeDutasteride and finasteride are 5α-reductase inhibitors that dramatically decrease serum levels of dihydrotestosterone. Because androgens...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundYersinia pestis, the agent of plague, is a young and highly monomorphic species. Three biovars, each one thought to be associated with the last three Y....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Testes of jellyfish Phialidium gregarium were fixed in 2 per cent OsO₄ in Veronal-acetate buffer at pH 7.4. Thin sections showed that in young spermatids the spindle fibers...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundIndia experienced a rapid economic boom between 1991 and 2007. However, this economic growth has not translated into improved nutritional status among young Indian children....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundSeverely disabling chronic pain in the adult population is strongly associated with a range of negative health consequences for individuals and high health care costs,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Sexual pressure among young urban women represents adherence to gender stereotypical expectations to engage in sex. Revision of the original 5-factor Sexual Pressure Scale was undertaken in...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Sensory neurons in aging mammals undergo changes in anatomy, physiology and gene expression that correlate with reduced sensory perception. In this study we compared young and aged mice to identify...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Studies fail to find uniform effects of age-related or induced hypogonadism on human sexual function. We examined the effects of induced hypogonadism on sexual function in healthy men and women...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Preventing tobacco use in youths may be an easier task than helping adults break the habit of smoking and overcome its ill effects. Using experimental procedures based on social work techniques,...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We present photoelectric BVRI photometry for 16 T Tau and related stars in the Rho Oph dark cloud, as well as vidicon spectroscopic observations for nine stars. The color excesses of these stars favor circumstellar dust shells as the source of the observed infrared excesses.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

This case report describes the second known instance of a multifocal capillary pancreatic neoplasm. Both cases occurred in young African American females. A less-than-total pancreatectomy was performed...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Friends and colleagues remember John N. Brady, Ph.D., Chief of the Virus Tumor Biology Section of the Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, who died much too young at the age of 57 on April 27, 2009 of colon...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

This study investigated the impact of lifelong sedentariness on skeletal muscle mass and mitochondrial function. Thirty C57BL/6 strain mice (2 months) were randomly divided into three groups (young-Y;...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Sep 1, 2011 ... Title: Hardness, density, and shrinkage characteristics of silk-oak from Hawaii. Author: Youngs, R. L.. Date: 1964. Source: Research note FPL ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The discovery that aerobic exercise increases adult hippocampal neurogenesis and can enhance cognitive performance holds promise as a model for regenerative medicine. This study adds two new...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ewing's sarcoma is the second most common malignant bone tumor in children and young adults. It is most prevalent between the ages of 10 and 15 years. There are present two cases of Ewing's sarcoma of the chest wall. The clinical, radiological and pathological features are described and the therapeutic options are discussed. (Author)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe increasing prevalence of obesity in young women is a major public health concern. Few data are available concerning the epidemiology of malnutrition especially obesity...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

ObjectivesWe examined the expression of Rho Kinase (ROK) isoforms in young and old rabbit’s detrusor smooth muscles (SM) during the progression of short term...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundWebsites of many rogue sellers of medications are accessible through links in email spam messages or via web search engines. This study examined...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Ewing's sarcoma is the second most common bone malignancy affecting children and young adults. The prognosis is especially poor in metastatic or relapsed disease. The cell of origin remains elusive,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

OBJECTIVE--To determine whether the seeming excess of childhood leukaemia and lymphoma identified in Seascale, Cumbria, UK, remains unusual when put into a wider context. DESIGN--Analysis of cancer...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Bhanja virus (BHAV) is pathogenic for young domestic ruminants and also for humans, causing fever and affections of the central nervous system. This generally neglected arbovirus of the family Bunyaviridae...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundPrevious research has demonstrated that exposure to images depicting the thin female ideal has negative effects on some females' levels of body dissatisfaction. Much of...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Neurons are born throughout adulthood in the hippocampus and show enhanced plasticity compared to mature neurons. However, there are conflicting reports on whether or not young neurons contribute...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Twelve Salmonella typhimurium strains resistant to broad-spectrum cephalosporins were isolated from cases of gastroenteritis during 1996 to 1998 in Russia, Hungary, and Greece. Resistance...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Escherichia coli strains producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are a major problem in many different hospitals worldwide, causing outbreaks as well as sporadic infections....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We investigated the extended-spectrum beta lactamases among 62 Salmonella enterica Typhimurium isolates recovered from children with diarrhea in a Chinese pediatric hospital. A large...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A Citrobacter amalonaticus and a Morganella morganii producing the CTX-M-1 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) were isolated from an area where this enzyme...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A new method for removing periodic background patterns from pictures is presented. The basic spatial frequency composition of the pattern is determined from an estimate of the power spectrum of the picture. A digital restoration filter is then created from a modified version of the power spectrum. The method is extremely effective and can be automated.

Science.gov (United States)

The Northwest Foster Care Alumni Study examined the relation between experiences in foster care and depression among young adults who spent at least a year in foster care as adolescents. Results indicate that preparation for leaving foster care, nurturing supports from the foster family, school stability, access to tutoring, access to therapeutic service and support, and a shorter and more stable placement history were associated with a lower probability of depression in young adulthood. Results provide evidence that suggest ways to improve practice to decrease rates of depression among alumni of care. (Contains 2 tables.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

(Jun 1978). United States Miller, H. Univ. of Missouri, Columbia Peterman,

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Secondary deuterium in the atmosphere are produced in interactions by primary cosmic rays. The shape of their energy spectrum depends on the primary cosmic ray spectrum incident at the top of the atmosphere. At high energies, the spectral shape depends on the primary spectrum of helium and heavy nuclei. However, at very low energies, specially below the geomagnetic cut-off, the spectral shape depends on the evaporation and recoil processes and hence almost independent of the spectral shape of the primary radiation. It is undertaken a calculation of the secondary deuterium spectrum at small atmospheric depths at various latitudes and the results will be presented.

Science.gov (United States)

... In 1982 an acousto-optic spectrum analyzer incorporated ... the OPTIMP is the optically controlled optical ... switch that changes the intensity reflectance ...

Science.gov (United States)

Attention is given to recent research on gear fault diagnostic techniques. A mathematic model for vibration signals of defective gears is presented. Novel methods of gear fault diagnosis, such as zoom complex envelope analysis, wideband demodulation techniques, bispectrum analysis, correlation spectrum analysis, and maximum entropy spectrum analysis, are demonstrated. The wide-band demodulation technique is found to exhibit a high SNR. Bispectrum and correlation spectrum are excellent for some mechanical fault forms.

CERN Document Server

The near-threshold enhancement in the ppbar invariant mass spectrum from the B^+ -> K^+ ppbar decay reported recently by the BaBar Collaboration is studied within the J\\"ulich NNbar model. We illustrate that the invariant mass dependence of the ppbar spectrum close to the threshold can be reproduced by the final state interactions. This explanation is in line with our previous analysis of the ppbar invariant mass spectrum from the J/Psi -> gamma ppbar decay measured by the BES Collaboration. We also comment on a structure found recently in the pi^+ pi^- eta' mass spectrum of the radiative J/Psi decay by the BES Collaboration. In particular we argue that one should be rather cautions in bringing this structure in connection with the enhancement found in the ppbar invariant mass spectrum or with the existence of NNbar bound states.

Science.gov (United States)

Using static Michelson interferometer to get the spectrum information of measurement targets for spectrum identification, under the condition that the interference length is constant, the system can be optimized by BP neural network algorithm for the mixed spectral separation process. Thereby it can realize improving the recognition probability of camouflage target. Collecting the spectrum information in field of view (FOV) by the interferometer and linear array CCD detector, composing the set of mixed spectrum data, with known absorption spectrum of the material as a hidden layer of rules, it used BP neural network to separate the mixed spectrum data. Experiment with different distances, different combinations of mixed background spectrum as the initial data, using steel target (size: 1.5 m x 1.5 m) made of four kinds, the recognition ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The method of augmented plane wave (APW) is used to obtain the band structure of the SmS compound in the semiconductor and metal phases. The noncentral part of the Coulomb electron-electron interaction is taken into account in the first order perturbation theory. In this case the radial part of the wave APW-function is taken as a zero approximation function. A multiplet structure of the excited configuration f"5d, which provides a good description of the X-ray photoelectron spectrum and optical spectrum epsilon_2(#omega#), is obtained. The configuration fd is calculated for the interpretation of the optical absorption spectrum of the samarium monosulfide metal phase. (author).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper reports the findings of a study that explores the perspectives of 25 young Cypriots regarding the symbolic values of smoking with respect to their everyday lived experiences. This study was motivated by recognising the high levels of smoking prevalence among adolescents in Cyprus and the absence of published research 'recording' their own versions of reality about smoking. Data for the study were generated from one-to-one qualitative interviews which encouraged the participants to articulate the symbolic value of smoking in their day-to-day experiences. The analysis focuses first, on the content of the embedded symbolic values of smoking (e.g. the quality of being 'cool') and second on the role of these values (e.g. used in projecting an image) in their everyday lives. A central...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

There is evidence that aged normal subjects have more difficulty in achieving automaticity than young subjects. The underlying central neural mechanism for this phenomenon is unclear. In the present study, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate the effect of normal ageing on automaticity. Aged healthy subjects were asked to practice self-initiated, self-paced, memorized sequential finger movements with different complexity until they could perform the tasks automatically. Automaticity was evaluated by having subjects perform a secondary task simultaneously with the sequential movements. Although it took more time, most aged subjects eventually performed the tasks automatically at the same level as the young subjects. Functional MRI results showed that, for bot...

Environmental Research Database

ObjectivesThe International Network for Young Scientists is holding a China:UK workshop in Shanghai in December. It will focus specifically on Renewable Energy. Profs Wallace and Infield have been invited to be the UK academic partners. Dr. Luo Yong Hao, Deputy Director of Institute for Thermal Engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University is the lead Chinese academic partner. British Council Shanghai are the co-ordinators of the event and have obtained some limited funding to cover the costs.. ~%~~%~T [continued...]DescriptionReseachers are being brought together at a China:UK Renewable Energy Research Workshop. They will define and initiate joint research and staff/student exchanges between Chinese and UK universities to advance renewable energy and related research to meet the energy needs of both China and the UK.~%~

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In a series of experiments carried out on young and adult rabbits the effect of isocaloric low protein diets containing 4% or 8% protein compared with a diet containing 21% protein on Obeliscoides cuniculi infection was studied. The pathogenesis, resistance and local immunity were assessed after single infections with 10,000 larvae or reinfection with 5000 larvae. Live weight gain was reduced in young and adult rabbits fed the low protein diets, but the establishment of parasites was not substantially influenced by protein deprivation. However, development of worms in the histotrophic phase and parasite fecundity were impaired in association with the low protein diet. Moreover, mild anaemia as well as changes in the mucosal immune response as a result of infection were related to the level of dietary protein. (author). 30 refs, 6 figs, 5 tabs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Micronutrient deficiencies are a public health concern among young children in low-income countries, and novel strategies are needed to improve the nutritional status of children at risk. One promising approach is the use of lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS), which can be added to complementary food at the time of consumption. The optimal amount of zinc to include in LNS is uncertain, and concerns have been expressed about possible adverse effects of zinc on sensory characteristics of LNS. We conducted a series of acceptability studies of LNS containing either 0 or 10-mg of zinc per daily 20-g LNS dose among Burkinabe children 9-15 months old and their mothers. These acceptability studies included observations of children's consumption, maternal and child sensory reaction to ...

CERN Document Server

Chiral symmetry in QCD can be simultaneously in Wigner and Goldstone modes, depending on the part of the spectrum examined. The transition regime between both, exploiting for example the onset of parity doubling in the high baryon spectrum, can be used to probe the running quark mass in the mid-IR power-law regime. In passing we also argue that three-quark states naturally group into same-flavor quartets, split into two parity doublets, all splittings decreasing high in the spectrum. We propose that a measurement of masses of high-partial wave Delta* resonances should be sufficient to unambiguously establish the approximate degeneracy and see the quark mass running. We test these concepts with the first computation of the spectrum of high-J excited baryons in a chiral-invariant quark model.

Science.gov (United States)

... In a HEAO 1 study of active galaxies, principally Seyfert 1s, in the 2, 165 keV energy range, Rothschild et al. ... As discussed by Rothschild et al. ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Summary of recent advancesSince their first description more than twenty years ago, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae possessing extended-spectrum...Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

Discussions on a form of a frequency spectrum of wind-driven sea waves just above the spectral maximum continue during the last three decades. In 1958 Phillips made a conjecture that wave breaking is the main mechanism responsible for the spectrum formation. That leads to the spectrum decay $\\sim \\omega^{-5}$, where $\\omega$ is the frequency of the waves. There is a contradiction between the numerous experimental data and this spectrum. The experiments show decay $\\sim\\omega^{-4}$. There are two general ways of the explanation of this phenomenon. The first one (proposed by Banner (1990)) takes into account the Doppler effect due to surface circular currents generated by long waves in the Phillips model. The second approach ascends to the work by Zakharov and Filonenko (1968). It is based on four-wave interactions in the kinetic equation and gives good agreement with the experimental data. In this ...

CERN Document Server

We consider typeIIA supergravity solution of D2-branes and D3-branes localized within D6-branes in the near-core region of D6-branes. With these solutions we can calculate the spectrum of the glueball mass in QCD3 and QCD4. The equation of motion describing the dilaton has the same eigenvalues and the same glueball masses in QCD3 and QCD4. Glueball mass spectrum is the same in the near core region of D6-branes of their M-theory counterpart is KK monopole. We conclude that the glueball mass spectrum is the same in QCD3 and QCD4 by considering the `near-core' limit of D6-branes of which M-theory counterpart (KK monopole background) becomes an ALE space with an $A_{N-1}$ singularity times 7 dimensional Minkowski space $M^{(6,1)}$.

Science.gov (United States)

of injuries, disabilities, and deaths; and 3. Encourage professionals from a wide spectrum of disciplines such as engineering, bioengineering, medicine, health care, public...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

By the turn of the century, American farmers and ranchers will be producing food and fiber through the application of highly sophisticated systems that involve a broad spectrum of relevant factors--from...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... 5.9-585/T; thermal stability; solubility in liquid nitrogen, oxygen and Freons; molar extinction coefficients in the visible range and EPR spectrum. ...

Science.gov (United States)

This study examined preliminary psychometric properties of the Teaching Practices Observation Scale (TPOS), a newly developed observational taxonomy for assessing teacher behaviors during free play with young children. Behaviors of 42 child caregivers and junior kindergarten teachers were coded using a combination of time-sampling, event-sampling, and behavior ratings. Findings support the validity of observational coding scheme. (Author/KB)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Lower respiratory tract infections are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. Recent technological advances in the field of molecular biology have allowed virologists...Full Text Available

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

A previously healthy young man experienced several episodes of syncope while being treated with tenofovir, emtricitabine and nevirapine initiated during primary HIV-1 infection. Symptoms disappeared after discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy and we suggest that syncope may be a side effect to one of the three antiretroviral drugs that has not been described previously.

Wastenet

... Future Job Fund Scheme Goodwood Allotments Location: Goodwood Allotments Work undertaken by long-term unemployed young people under the Future Jobs Fund (FJF) transforms derelict allotments into a readily workable space for the local community. Western Park Location: Western Park, Hinckley Road, Leicester Groundwork conservation officers and Future Jobs Fund staff renew a Western Park spinney making it a better place for all. Bhavyesh ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Pneumococcal disease in young children has not been as well characterized in East Africa as it has been in industrialized countries. Although pneumococci are likely to cause substantial mortality...Full Text Available

Wastenet

... I worked on the Young City Farmers course in 2008, where I was voted the best-spoken bus driver and teacher the participants had ever had!! I am a representative of the University for widening participation and outreach, for my enthusiasm, communication and personal skills. I look forward to meeting you, welcoming you to the College and helping with your learning and progression. Sam Parkes Hi I'm ...

Wastenet

... This is true because a shorter residence time means that ground water moves 'faster.' Thus, contamination will get to the drinking well from the recharge area (point of entry) faster if the ground water is younger. However, it has been difficult to measure the exact age of young ground water. The conventional indicator has been tritium, a radioactive form of hydrogen, but its ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The macroscopic behavior of magnetostrictive materials results from domain evolutions occurring at a microscopic scale. The author shows how to compute magnetization and magnetostriction curves by appraising the behavior of the underlying microstructures. The method hinges on an averaging device (Young measures), which allows one to pass from the microscopic to the macroscopic scale. He takes into account the kinematical constraints on the accommodation of elastic effects, and he highlights the role of material symmetry in the selection of energetically optimal microstructures.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Newly hatched chicks were dosed orally with a Salmonella typhimurium wild-type strain, an S. enteritidis wild-type strain, and a genetically defined S. enteritidis aroA vaccine candidate, strain CVL30....Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The polymer industry is a young industry that has undergone tremendous growth and change over the last sixty years. Many important discoveries in polymer science have been accidental. Most of the learning has been by trial and error and most of the understanding is still basically empirical--make a polymer material or compound and then put it to the test to study what it is and how it performs. This article provides an overview of what polymers and polymer compounds are, why they behave as they do, and it discusses several examples of failures of rubber and plastic components.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Bovine paratuberculosis is caused by infection of young calves with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. In some of the chronically infected cows the long asymptomatic...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

On the basis of symmetry way of texture description a calculation method of elastic moduli of two-phase titanium alloys with rolling texture has been suggested. Efficiency of the calculation formulas is checked by comparing the calculation results of Young modulus anisotropy in the sheet plane of (#alpha#+#beta#)-titanium alloy VT23 with the experimental data.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Using QCT, we made a longitudinal, population-based assessment of rates of bone loss over life at the distal radius, distal tibia, and lumbar spine. Cortical bone loss began in perimenopause in women...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

The maximum fissile fuel production capacity of three conceptual fusion breeder systems is examined on the basis of the dominant isotopic-balance processes. Compact relationships involving system power output, plasma and energy multiplication, and parameters which describe the fuel cycle and neutron spectrum in the blanket are established. It is found that the fusion breeder, as characterized herein, possesses a substantial fissile fuel breeding capacity the extent of which is governed primarily by the neutron spectrum in the conversion blanket and the break-even condition of the plasma.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A survey carried out in 2005 among members of a healthy population of children living in Bolivia and Peru revealed that fecal carriage of Escherichia coli strains resistant to expanded-spectrum...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Among 177 extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates collected from 11 Slovenian hospitals in 2005 and 2006, 60 (34%), from eight hospitals,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) of the CTX-M, SHV, and TEM families were recognized in 76 (67%), 31 (27%), and 6 (5%) isolates, respectively, among 162 ESBL-producing Klebsiella...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A technique has been developed at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory to sum high resolution gamma-ray pulse spectra from systems with multiple Ge detectors. Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Company operates a multi-detector spectrometer configuration at the Stored Waste Examination Pilot Plant facility which is used to characterize the radio nuclide contents in waste drums destined for shipment to Waste Isolation Pilot Plant. This summing technique was developed to increase the sensitivity of the system, reduce the count times required to properly quantify the radionuclides and provide a more consistent methodology for combining data collected from multiple detectors. In spectrometer systems with multiple detectors looking at non homogenous waste forms it is often difficult to combine individual spectrum analysis results from each detector to obtain a meaningful result for the total waste container. This is particularly true when the counting statistics in ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

CTX-M-type extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) have become increasingly common worldwide, with the notable exception of the United States, where TEM- and SHV-type ESBLs have appeared to predominate....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

CTX-M extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) have emerged as the most common type of ESBL globally, their incidence easily surpassing those of SHV and TEM ESBLs in most locales. This study compared...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We report the emergence of Salmonella enterica isolates of serotype Concord (and its monophasic variant 6,7:l,v:-) producing the extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) SHV-12...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Resistance to the extended-spectrum cephalosporins can occur in Salmonella species via the production of extended-spectrum and AmpC β-lactamases. We describe human infections...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: A method to measure noise power spectrum of a full field digital mammography system is presented. The effect of X-ray radiation dose, size and configuration of region of interest on normalized noise power spectrum (NNPS) was investigated. Flat field images were acquired using RQA-M2 beam quality technique (Mo/Mo anode-filter, 28 kV, 2 mm Al) with different clinical radiation doses. The images were cropped at about 4 cm from the edge of the breast wall and then divided into different size of non-overlapping or overlapping segments. NNPS was determined through de trending, 2-D fast Fourier transformation and normalization. Our measurement shows that high radiation dose gave lower NNPS at a specific beam quality. (author)

CERN Document Server

Negative frequency has a physical meaning, the complete description of a frequency signal is a rotating complex signal, in complete description, positive frequency signal exp(iwt) and negative frequency signal exp(-iwt) is two distinguishable and independent frequency signals. Because the real-carrier modulation and demodulation do not distinguish positive and negative frequency, so half of the spectrum resources and signal energy are wasted. The complex-carrier modulation uses the distinguishable positive frequency signal exp(iwt) and negative frequency signal exp(-iwt) as the carrier signals, they can carry different information, so the spectrum resources is full used, the complex-carrier demodulation does not lose signal energy, so the spectrum efficiency is improved.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A theoretical study of an exciton confined in a quantum ring is presented. The quantum ring is described as a two-dimensional circular quantum dot with a repulsive core, which is modelled with the help of two Gaussian functions. We have applied the variational method and investigated the evolution of the low-energy exciton spectrum with the change of the confinement potential. The calculations have been performed for the recently produced self-assembled ring-shaped InGaAs quantum dots. We have shown that the repulsive core strongly increases the radiative transition probability from the exciton ground state at the expense of the decreasing probability of the transitions from the excited states. This effect results from the orthogonality properties of the exciton wavefunctions, which are specific to the quantum-ring confinement potential. We have studied the characteristic features of the exciton spectrum, which can be used as a signature of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The X-ray diffraction analysis of (U,Ce)O{sub 2} with the CeO{sub 2} contents ranging from 0 to 20 mol% CeO{sub 2} was performed at room temperature to obtain the variation in the lattice parameter with the CeO{sub 2} content. Ultrasonic pulse echo measurements were also carried out to estimate the change in the mechanical properties of (U,Ce)O{sub 2} with the CeO{sub 2} content. The lattice parameter of (U,Ce)O{sub 2} was found to decrease with increasing CeO{sub 2} content. The variation in the lattice parameter with the CeO{sub 2} content closely followed the Vegard law. The shear and longitudinal velocities in (U,Ce)O{sub 2} were found to decrease with increasing CeO{sub 2} content. The Young`s and shear moduli, and Poisson`s ratio estimated from the wave velocities decreased with the CeO{sub 2} content. No mechanical property showed anomaly in low CeO{sub 2} content region. (orig.).

Science.gov (United States)

Continuous metallic glass ribbons were produced by mejans of liquid-quenching at rates >10/sup 50/C/s. The ribbons, typically 30 ..mu..m thick and 1 to 2 mm wide, were determined to be glassy by X-ray diffraction (XRD) employing CuK..cap alpha.. and MoK..cap alpha.. radiation. Mechanical properties of the as-quenched product were determined by measurements of hardness, tensile strength and Young's modulus. The Vicker's diamond pyramid microhardness (H/sub V/) was measured on epoxy mounted samples using a Lietz Miniload instrument with a 100 g load. Tensile tests were conducted in an Instron machine using specimens which were hand-polished to produce smooth, parallel sides. Young's modulus (E) is given by the relationship rho V/sub E/sup 2//. V/sub E/, the velocity of extensional mode waves, was measured by the pulse-echo technique using a Panametrics Intervalometer and glass density, rho, was obtained by the liquid ...

CERN Document Server

Context. We present a multi-wavelength, high-resolution observational survey of the young binary system Haro 6-10 (GV Tau, IRAS 04263+2426), which is harbouring one of the few known infrared companions. Aims. The primary goal of this project is to determine the physical and geometrical properties of the circumstellar and circumbinary material in the Haro 6-10 system. Methods. High-resolution optical (HST/WFPC2) and near-infrared (VLT/NACO) images in different bands were analysed to investigate the large-scale structures of the material around the binary.Mid-infrared interferometry (VLTI/MIDI) and spectroscopy (TIMMI2 at the 3.6m ESO telescope) were carried out to determine the structure and optical depth of the circumstellar material around the individual components. Results. The multi-wavelength observations suggest that both components of the binary system Haro 6-10 are embedded in a common envelope. The measured extinction indicates a dust composition of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

To determine MTRs for normal structures and benign diseases in the breast two-dimensional magnetization transfer imaging was performed in 62 patients and in 3 young female volunteers. With regard to the MTRs of measurements in the normal breast tissues, fat tissues which is close to simple cysts in MTRs show little transfer of longitudinal magnetization. MTRs of the muscles was 15.15{+-}6.22%, which exceeded those of breast parenchyma. The breast parenchyma didn`t show the change of MTR value due to the difference of patient age and due to variable amount of fat and fibrous tissues. Breast parenchyma in the two young volunteers clearly showed biphasic change of MTR values in accordance with the menstrual cycle; little transfer value was due to hydration in the postovulatory period and high transfer value was due to dehydration in the preovulatory period. In the remaining one volunteer during lactation period, mammary parenchyma shows sever ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

This study determined the phylogenetic groups and virulence factors of 37 Escherichia coli isolates producing types of CTX-M compared with those of 19 isolates producing different types...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Monogenic autoinflammatory diseases encompass a distinct and growing clinical entity of multisystem inflammatory diseases with known genetic defects in the innate immune system. The diseases...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Interactions between presynaptic and postsynaptic cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs) drive synapse maturation during development. These trans-synaptic interactions are regulated by alternative splicing...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

I present results for the mass spectrum of excited baryons and pentaquarks using overlap fermions and Bayesian curve-fitting method; and magnetic moments and polarizabilities for a variety of hadrons in the background field method.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Since 2000, Escherichia coli producing CTX-M enzymes (especially CTX-M-15) have emerged worldwide as important causes of community-onset urinary tract and blood stream infections due...Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

Recent preliminary results from the PAMELA satellite indicate the presence of a large flux of positrons (relative to electrons) in the cosmic ray spectrum between approximately 10 and 50 GeV. As annihilating dark matter particles in many models are predicted to contribute to the cosmic ray positron spectrum in this energy range, a great deal of interest has resulted from this observation. Here, we consider pulsars (rapidly spinning, magnetized neutron stars) as an alternative source of this signal. After calculating the contribution to the cosmic ray positron and electron spectra from pulsars, we find that the spectrum observed by PAMELA could plausibly originate from such sources. In particular, a significant contribution is expected from the sum of all mature pulsars throughout the Milky Way, as well as from the most nearby mature pulsars (such as Geminga and B0656+14). The signal from nearby pulsars is expected to ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Poland's anomaly is an uncommon congenital aberration of the chest wall characterized by absence of the pectoralis major muscle and other nearby musculoskeletal components. In this series, a wide spectrum...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a heterogeneous group of inherited retinal dystrophies characterised ultimately by the loss of photoreceptor cells. We have recently identified a new gene (EYS) encoding...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Twelve isolates of Enterobacteriaceae (1 of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 8 of Escherichia coli, 1 of Proteus mirabilis, and 2 of Proteus...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this paper, we present an iterative filtering method to estimate the background of noisy spectroscopic data. The proposed method avoids the calculation of the average full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the whole spectrum and the peak regions, and it can estimate the background efficiently, especially for spectroscopic data with the Compton continuum.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The study of the scrape-off layer (SOL) during Alfven wave heating may lead to a better understanding of the antenna-plasma interaction. The scrape-off layer of the TCA tokamak has been widely investigated by means of Langmuir probes. The aim of this work is to present measurements on the influence of the Alfven wave spectrum on the scrape-off layer. These experiments have shown that the plasma boundary layer is strongly affected by the wave field, in particular the ion saturation current and the floating potential. In TCA, as the spectrum evolves due to a density rise, the passage of the Alfven continua and their associated eigenmodes, the Discrete Alfven Wave (DAW) induces a strong depletion in the edge density of up to 70% during the continuum part and a density increase during the crossing of an eigenmode. The floating potential becomes negative during the continua and even more negative crossing the eigenmodes. In case of MHD mode ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

CTX-M-14 β-lactamase was identified in a stool isolate of Shigella sonnei and in blood isolates of Escherichia coli (one isolate) and Klebsiella pneumoniae...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Inactivation of the RB tumor suppressor and activation of the MYC family of oncogenes are frequent events in a large spectrum of human cancers. Loss of RB function and MYC activation are thought to...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Bacterial nitric oxide synthases (bNOS) are present in many Gram-positive species and have been demonstrated to synthesize NO from arginine in vitro and in vivo. However, the physiological role...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A total of 295 ceftiofur-resistant Escherichia coli isolates were obtained from 489 cloacal samples collected at five different Belgian broiler farms with the aim to evaluate the diversity...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A number of aberrant morphological phenotypes were noted during propagation of the Arabidopsis thaliana DNA hypomethylation mutant, ddm1, by repeated self-pollination. Onset of a spectrum of morphological...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

In a combined clinical, radiological, and laboratory study of 77 patients throughout the leprosy spectrum, 10 patients had an enthesitis which has not been described previously as far as is known and...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The emergence of Escherichia coli that produce extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and are multidrug resistant (MDR) poses antibiotic management problems....Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

We examine the effect of a threshold bias on the power spectrum and the bispectrum in an ensemble of numerical simulations (Gaussian initial perturbations with power law spectra P(k) \\sim k^n, n=+1, 0, -1, -2) and compare our results with theoretical predictions. Our simulations are evolved sufficiently that on the scale where we apply the threshold the rms fluctuation has developed significantly into the nonlinear regime. Thus, predictions based on perturbation theory do not necessarily apply. Nevertheless, we find our results for the power spectrum, biased power simply amplified by a numerical factor, follow predicted trends, far beyond the regime where perturbation theory is expected to be valid. We find that the biased bispectrum continues to follow the so-called hierarchical form, with reduced three-point amplitude Q \\approx 1 in the strongly nonlinear regime, independent of initial spectrum. In the quasi-linear ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundHistone post-translational modifications are critical for gene expression and cell viability. A broad spectrum of histone lysine residues have been identified in yeast...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A new method of random data analysis has been developed with special implications for membrane noise. The integral spectrometer uses overlapping broad-band filters of simple design, whose bandwidth...Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

Major stellar-wind emission features in the spectrum of Eta Car have recently decreased by factors of order 2 relative to the continuum. This is unprecedented in the modern observational record. The simplest, but unproven, explanation is a rapid decrease in the wind density.

Science.gov (United States)

...Colormetric System, which lie within the region bounded by the spectrum locus and lines defined by the following equations: X...intensity of a light in candela as defined by the Illuminating Engineering Society's Guide for Calculating the Effective...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The water culture experiment of Houttuynia cordata of the medicinal plant was carried out, and basic study on {sup 137}Cs accumulation characteristic and internal circulation in H. cordata in the fruiting stage was investigated since the flowering season. H. cordata accumulated 80% of {sup 137}Cs absorbed unlike K to the root, rhizome, terminal bud of the underground part for the rhizome reproduction. {sup 137}Cs content to the young leaf, spike, involucre increased in the flowering season. Thereafter, {sup 137}Cs was recirculated to the developing organs in second generations such as the rhizome and bud. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Posttraumatic tibia valga is a well-recognized complication following fracture of the upper tibial metaphysis in young children. We present a case of a child who developed a valgus deformity following fracture of the proximal tibia and fibula in which quantitative bone scintigraphy at 5 months after injury demonstrated increased uptake at the proximal tibial growth plate with proportionally greater uptake on the medial side. This finding suggests that the valgus deformity in this patient was due to a relative increase in vascularity and consequent overgrowth of the medial portion of the proximal tibial physis.

Scientific Electronic Library Online (English)

Abstract in english Odontopus brevirostris (Hustache, 1936) feeding on Annona squamosa L., A. cherimola Mill., A. glabra L., and A. muricata L. was observed. The last three host plants are recorded for the first time. The endophitic oviposition occurs in the veins of the ventral surface of the young leaves. The larvae, leaf miners, eat the parenchyma and the adults make small holes in the leaves. The pupation occurs in spherical cocoons protected by a sort of nest (pupation chamber) between the two epidermal layers.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Measurements of the humeral cortical thickness demonstrate that generalised osteoporosis in female Bantu commences in the fifth decade and gradually increases until, in the ninth decade, all subjects are osteoporotic. The combined cortical thickness (CCT) of the humerus in young adults is very similar to that found previously in a white London population and the loss of cortex with age is very similar. It is concluded that the known low incidence of femoral neck fracture in Bantu is not due to a lower incidence of generalised osteoporosis but to environmental factors. The chief environmental factor postulated is the greater amount of physical work performed by the Bantu. A more careful mode of walking is suggested as a subsidiary cause. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We report here the imaging findings of a rare case of a lethal form of Gorham disease in a young female patient. Multimodality imaging findings over 13 year-follow-up demonstrated progressive wide spread skeletal and soft tissue abnormalities with permeative osteolysis, pathological fractures and severe skeletal deformities. Unusual extensive osseous and soft tissue pneumatosis was illustrated on cross-sectional studies. The progressive nature of this form of Gorham disease and the subsequent complications eventually culminated in patient's death. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The instability of the phonon spectrum in liquid Helium for T < 1 K is a well established experimental fact. We discuss the role of q-deformation as a possible mechanism to supply the energy deficit that forbidden one-phonon decay into two phonons when the constant {gamma} in the phonon anomalous dispersion relation ({omega}{sup ph} = c{sub 0} p(1 - {gamma}p{sup 2})) is positive, through the analysis of three-phonon processes in a q-phonons gas. (author). 19 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Solving a coupled set of differential equations formed by a Fokker-Planck equation and a set of master equations, we can calculate the number of 'prefission' particles (n,p,a), which are emitted from a hot, rotating compound nucleus. Furthermore we get their energy spectrum and their angular momentum distribution. Our results depend sensitively on the friction parameter {gamma}, the inertia M and the fission potential. Comparing the results with experimental data, we may learn something about these quantities. The investigations have been made for {sup 187}Ir and {sup 185}Os. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thomson scattering is the process in which a low-energy photon scatters from a free electron. When a laser pulse propagates through a plasma, the spectrum of the scattered light due to the Thomson scattering is proportional to the power spectrum of the electron density fluctuations, i.e., dynamic form factor, from which various plasma parameters can be inferred, such as electron temperature and plasma flow velocity. After years of development. Thomson scattering has now become a powerful diagnostic tool of plasma physics. (authors)

CERN Document Server

We investigate the effect of anomalous gamma-W-W couplings in e-gamma --> nu W through the angular and energy spectrum of the secondary leptons. Within the narrow-width approximation, a semi-analytical study of the secondary lepton energy-angle double distribution is considered. Utility of observables derived from this is demonstrated by considering the anomalous coupling, delta-kappa-gamma. Results of our investigation for typical ILC machine considered at Ecm = 300-1000 GeV re-affirms potential of this collider as a precision machine.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The two-dimensional WKB model has been the basis for several investigations of the quasi-Landau hydrogenic spectrum. Whereas other authors have used numerical integration, it is shown that the results can be obtained analytically in terms of elliptic integrals. The later are easily generated by even programmable pocket calculators, from which numerical results - which are in good agreement with experiments - are easily obtained. A further advantage of using elliptic integrals is that several strong-field problems can be shown to be special cases of a general potential whose energy and spacing are expressible in terms of them.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The existence of a narrow peak in the electronic density of states in A-15 compounds is explained by a strong electron--phonon interaction that leads to the polaron narrowing of the band. An analytic expression relating the transition temperature T/sub c/ to the phonon spectrum is derived under the assumption of a weak and an intermediate-strength coupling. The model allows the explanation of the correlation of T/sub c/ with the number of electrons per atom, the temperature dependence of the resistance, the magnitude and temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility, and the electronic specific heat.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper presents a new method for the determination of the energy gap of superconductors. The V/sub max//kT versus ..delta../kT curve was calculated from tunneling theory. The maximum voltage in differential conductance V/sub max/ was measured from the electron tunneling spectrum. From V/sub max//kT and the curve, one can easily calculate the energy gap value ..delta... This method is simple, and the accuracy almost approaches that of the curve-fitting method.

CERN Document Server

The BESS-Polar spectrometer had its first successful balloon flight over Antarctica in December 2004. During the 8.5-day long-duration flight, almost 0.9 billion events were recorded and 1,520 antiprotons were detected in the energy range 0.1-4.2 GeV. In this paper, we report the antiproton spectrum obtained, discuss the origin of cosmic-ray antiprotons, and use antiprotons to probe the effect of charge sign dependent drift in the solar modulation.

CERN Document Server

We provide a both qualitative and quantitative comparison among different approaches aimed to solve the problem of non-linear diffusive acceleration of particles at shocks. In particular, we show that state-of-the-art models (numerical, Monte Carlo and semi-analytical), even if based on different physical assumptions and implementations, for typical environmental parameters lead to very consistent results in terms of shock hydrodynamics, cosmic ray spectrum and also escaping flux spectrum and anisotropy. Strong points and limits of each approach are also discussed, as a function of the problem one wants to study.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thirty-two asthmatic volunteers 8 to 16 yr of age, recruited through local schools and private physicians, were exposed in a chamber to clean air (control condition) and to sulfuric acid aerosol at a low concentration (46 +/- 11 micrograms/m3; mean +/- SD) and at a high concentration (127 +/- 21 micrograms/m3). Acid aerosols had mass median aerodynamic diameters near 0.5 microns with geometric standard deviations near 1.9. Temperature was 21 degrees C, and relative humidity was near 50%. Subjects were exposed with unencumbered oronasal breathing for 30 min at rest plus 10 min at moderate exercise (ventilation rate approximately 20 L/min/m2 of body surface). A subgroup (21 subjects) were exposed similarly to clean air and to high acid (134 +/- 20 micrograms/m3) with 100% oral breathing. Increased symptoms and bronchoconstriction were found after exercise under all exposure conditions. For the group, symptom and lung function responses were not statistically different during control and ...

Science.gov (United States)

The generalized demodulation time-frequency analysis is a novel signal processing method, which is particularly suitable for the processing of multi-component amplitude-modulated and frequency-modulated (AM-FM) signals as it can decompose a multi-component signal into a set of single-component signals whose instantaneous frequencies own physical meaning. While fault occurs in gear, the vibration signals measured from gearbox would exactly display AM-FM characteristics. Therefore, targeting the modulation feature of gear vibration signal in run-ups and run-downs, a fault diagnosis method in which generalized demodulation time-frequency analysis and envelope order spectrum technique are combined is put forward and applied to the transient analysis of gear vibration signal. Firstly the multi-component vibration signal of gear is decomposed into some mono-component signals using the generalized demodulation time-frequency analysis approach; secondly the envelope ...

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

The recently observed X-ray synchrotron emission from four supernova remnants (SNRs) has strengthened the evidence that cosmic-ray electrons are accelerated in SNRs. We show that if this is indeed the case, the local electron spectrum will be strongly time-dependent, at least above roughly 30 GeV. The time dependence stems from the Poisson fluctuations in the number of SNRs within a certain volume and within a certain time interval. As far as cosmic-ray electrons are concerned, the Galaxy looks like actively bubbling Swiss cheese rather than a steady, homogeneously filled system. Our finding has important consequences for studies of the Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission, for which a strong excess over model predictions above 1 GeV has recently been reported. While these models relied on an electron injection spectrum with index 2.4 (chosen to fit the local electron flux up to 1 TeV), we show that an electron injection index of around 2.0 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Using the linearized augmented-plane-wave (LAPW) -calculated electron and positron charge densities for YBa_2Cu_3O_7, the Brillouin-zone-reduced electron-positron momentum density is computed and the zone-reduced two-dimensional angular correlation of annihilation radiation (2D ACAR) spectrum is produced. The calculations show that the relative weights of the Fermi-surface discontinuities are substantially altered due to the positron preferentially sampling the Cu-O chain region. In addition, the reduced 2D ACAR spectrum contains large k-dependent wave-function effects. The theoretical zone-reduced 2D ACAR spectrum is compared to the several existing experimental spectra. It is concluded that, at present, positron-annihilation experiments do not provide consistent and clear evidence for the existence and shapes of Fermi surfaces in YBa_2Cu_3O_7.

CERN Document Server

We calculate the light `glueball' mass spectrum in N_f=2 lattice QCD using a fermion action that is non--perturbatively O(a) improved. We work at lattice spacings a~0.1 fm and with quark masses that range down to about half the strange quark mass. We find the statistical errors to be moderate and under control on relatively small ensembles. We compare our mass spectrum to that of quenched QCD at the same value of a. Whilst the tensor mass is the same (within errors), the scalar mass is significantly lighter in the dynamical lattice theory, by a factor of ~0.84 +/- 0.03. We discuss what the observed m_q dependence of this suppression tells us about the dynamics of glueballs in QCD. We also calculate the masses of flux tubes that wind around the spatial torus, and extract the string tension from these. As we decrease the quark mass we see a small but growing vacuum expectation value for the corresponding flux tube operators. This provides clear ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors measure the dipion mass spectrum in X(3872) {yields} J/{psi}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} decays using 360 pb{sup -1} of {bar p}p collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV collected with the CDF II detector. The spectrum is fit with predictions for odd C-parity ({sup 3}S{sub 1}, {sup 1}P{sub 1}, and {sup 3}D{sub J}) charmonia decaying to J/{psi}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}, as well as event C-parity states in which the pions are from {rho}{sup 0} decay. The latter case also encompasses exotic interpretations, such as a D{sup 0}{bar D}*{sup 0} molecule. Only the {sup 3}S{sub 1} and J/{psi} {rho} hypotheses are compatible with the data. Since {sup 3}S{sub 1} is untenable on other grounds, decay via J/{psi} {rho} is favored, which implies C = +1 for the X(3872). Models for different J/{psi}-{rho} angular momenta L are considered. Flexibility in the models, especially the introduction of {rho}-{omega} interference, enable good descriptions of the data for ...

CERN Document Server

Koide's mass formula is an empirical relation among the charged lepton masses which holds with a striking precision. We present a model of charged lepton sector based on U(3)\\times SU(2) family gauge symmetry, which predicts Koide's formula within the present experimental accuracy. Radiative corrections as well as other corrections to Koide's mass formula are kept under control. We adopt a known mechanism, through which the charged lepton spectrum is determined by the vacuum expectation value of a 9-component scalar field \\Phi. On the basis of this mechanism, we implement the following mechanisms into our model: (1) The radiative correction induced by family gauge interaction cancels the QED radiative correction to Koide's mass formula, assuming a scenario in which the U(3) family gauge symmetry and SU(2)_L weak gauge symmetry are unified at 10^2-10^3 TeV scale; (2) A simple potential of \\Phi invariant under U(3)\\times SU(2) leads to a realistic charged lepton ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There are two non-equivalent sites of yttrium in the lattice of Y{sub 2}SiO{sub 5}. Both of them may be occupied substitutionally by Er{sup 3+}, resulting in a laser active material. We measured absorption spectra of Y{sub 2}SiO{sub 5}:Er{sup 3+} at several low temperatures and we studied its emission spectrum at 4.2 K following selective excitation of individual Stark components of the {sup 4}I{sub 13}2/ to {sup 4}I{sub 15}2/ transition by the light of a tunable colour centre laser. The results of these two experiments allow classification of the absorption and emission lines into two independent systems, thus yielding two energy level schemes 1 and 2. Moreover, simple crystal field calculations strongly suggest from which Y{sub 2}SiO{sub 5} crystallographic site spectrum 1 arises, and from which one spectrum 2. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A highly reliable screening method was developed for the determination of lead in tin plated layers and tin-bismuth plated layers. The contents of lead in the layers of the various samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The calibration curve for lead in the tin and tin-bismuth plated layers by using WD-XRF exhibited linear correlation from 130 #mu#g/g to 2070 #mu#g/g. Calibration curve of lead normalized with Pb-L#alpha#/Sn-K#alpha# intensity was more linear, and this method was possible to evaluate very small sample. The calibration curve for lead in the tin plated layers by using ED-XRF was good linearly, but it for lead in the tin-bismuth plated layers was affected by Pb-L#alpha# spectrum and Bi-L#alpha# spectrum overlap each other. It was effective for decreasing affect of Bi-L#alpha# spectrum by using curve fitting method. (author)

CERN Document Server

The interaction of accretion disks with the magnetospheres of young stars can produce X-winds and funnel flows. With the assumption of axial symmetry and steady state flow, the problem can be formulated in terms of quantities that are conserved along streamlines, such as the Bernoulli integral (BI), plus a partial differential equation (PDE), called the Grad-Shafranov equation (GSE), that governs the distribution of streamlines in the meridional plane. The GSE plus BI yields a PDE of mixed type, elliptic before critical surfaces where the flow speed equals certain characteristic wave speeds are crossed and hyperbolic afterward. The computational difficulties are exacerbated by the locations of the critical surfaces not being known in advance. To overcome these obstacles, we consider a variational principle by which the GSE can be attacked by extremizing an action integral, with all other conserved quantities of the problem explicitly included as part of the overall ...

Science.gov (United States)

Knowledge and awareness of past and future autobiographical events may be mediated by a common system that supports intentional, goal-directed behavior. The purpose of this study was to assess the correspondence of past and future autobiographical thought. In Experiment 1, 300 undergraduates aged 19 years generated and assigned dates to past and f utu re autobiographical events. Thetemporal distribution of past events replicated a power function for retention as has been described in past research. The intention function of future autobiographical events fit the inverse of this same power function, reflecting a temporality of past and future mental time travel centered around the present moment. In Experiment 2, these findings were extended to young, middle-aged, and older groups. These data provide empirical support for the notion that thinking outside of "now" is mediated by a common system, regardless of whether one is thinking about the past or the future. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The evolution of intermediate and high mass stars is reviewed focusing on the interpretation of Pop I Cepheids. First, a summary is given of the classical results of stellar evolution theory for the main evolutionary phases (main sequence and core He-burning) all over the HR diagram, putting into evidence the various points of disagreement with current observational data. Second, models incorporating the effect of convective overshoot, are reviewed, and studies are presented on the rich, young clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud, in which the models are compared with the observational data. Arguments are given to favor the adoption of models with convective overshoot instead of the classical ones. Third, new results are presented for pulsational models of the Cepheid stars, and the shape of the instability strip in the HR diagram, the number frequency-period distribution, and the mass discrepancy are discussed. 81 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We estimate the TeV {gamma}-ray fluxes expected from the population of young pulsars in terms of the self-consistent time-dependent hadronic-leptonic model for the high-energy processes inside the pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe). This radiation model is based on the hypothesis of Arons and collaborators who postulate that leptons are accelerated inside the nebulae as a result of resonant scattering on heavy nuclei, which in turn are accelerated in the pulsar wind region or the pulsar inner magnetosphere. Our aim is to find out which PWNe on the northern hemisphere are the best candidates for detection at energies above 60 GeV and 200 GeV by the next generation of low-threshold Cherenkov telescopes.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Young protostars embedded in circumstellar discs accrete from an angular momentum rich mass reservoir. Without some braking mechanism, all stars should be spinning at or near breakup velocity. In this paper, we perform simulations of the self-gravitational collapse of an isothermal cloud using the orion adaptive-mesh refinement code and investigate the role that gravitational torques might play in the spin-down of the dense central object. While magnetic effects likely dominate for low-mass stars, high-mass and Population III stars might be less well magnetized. We find that gravitational torques alone prevent the central object from spinning up to more than half of its breakup velocity, because higher rotation rates lead to bar-like deformations that enable efficient angular mome...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This article explores the extent to which and how non-formal education (NFE) contributes to the development of a more diversified basic education system and thus to the achievement of EFA. It outlines the current nature of NFE, the frameworks provided by the EFA movement, and the evolution of reflection, policies and practices in NFE in relation to basic education as a whole. Based on significant developments in various countries across the South, the article also discusses some key challenges that ministries of education and their partners need to face in moving towards relevant and equitable diversity in education. The article posits that, despite the many problems faced by NFE, there is justification for building on its experiences and integrating these within a larger policy and system...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

HCV infection continues to spread at an alarming rate among IDU populations. The available evidence suggests that HCV is acquired relatively quickly following onset of injection. However, there are few prospective studies of HCV acquisition, particularly among IDU populations in resource-poor settings. A sample of young male heroin injectors with recent onset of injection (<4?years) was recruited in Hanoi, Vietnam for a prospective assessment of the early course of injection (n?=?179). Both behavioral and biological assessments (including detailed retrospective assessment of injection initiation) were conducted at baseline and repeated at 6-month intervals for a period of 16?months. Variables associated with HCV infection (p value?p value?=?0.0005). In multivariate logistic regression anal...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Concerns for potential vulnerability to manganese (Mn) neurotoxicity during fetal and neonatal development have been raised due to increased needs for Mn for normal growth, different sources of exposure to Mn, and pharmacokinetic differences between the young and adults. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for Mn during human gestation and lactation was developed to predict Mn in fetal and neonatal brain using a parallelogram approach based upon extrapolation across life stages in rats and cross-species extrapolation to humans. Based on the rodent modeling, key physiological processes controlling Mn kinetics during gestation and lactation were incorporated, including alterations in Mn uptake, excretion, tissue-specific distributions, and placental and lactational transfer ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Purpose We retrospectively analyzed the results of percutaneous nephrolithotomy operations for treatment of staghorn kidney stone disease in elderly patients and compared surgical parameters and outcomes with a control group of young adult patients. Patients and method Between 2002 and 2010, 300 consecutive patients underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy operation for treatment of staghorn kidney stone disease. Forty-five of the patients were older than 65?years and considered to be in elderly group. Thirty-seven of the patients were between the ages 18 and 36?years and considered to be the control group. Surgical parameters and outcomes were compared between groups. Results There were no significant differences between groups for stone area, operation time, difference in hemoglobin levels...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This article reviews the little examined early work of the Greek Marxist and state theorist, Nicos Poulantzas (1936-1979). In his first book, Nature du choses et droit of 1965, the young scholar developed a sociology of law culled from the insights of philosophical ontology. The article sets out the central claims of that book and reflects on its place in Poulantzass intellectual development. Drawing on Heidegger, Sartre and Marx, Poulantzas proposed a species of Natural Law theory that unified `facts' and `values' by grounding legal concepts in a theory of social praxis centred on material labour. Legal categories were thus irreducible to ahistorical essences but were, rather, expressions of mankinds struggle to realize its intrinsic freedom. As we shall see, although flawed and in key re...

Science.gov (United States)

This is the final report of a three-year, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The authors investigated the evolution and radiation characteristics of individual neutron stars and stellar systems. The work concentrated on phenomena where new techniques and observations are dramatically enlarging the understanding of stellar phenomena. Part of this project was a study of x-ray and gamma-ray emission from neutron stars and other compact objects. This effort included calculating the thermal x-ray emission from young neutron stars, deriving the radio and gamma-ray emission from active pulsars and modeling intense gamma-ray bursts in distant galaxies. They also measured periodic optical and infrared fluctuations from rotating neutron stars and search for high-energy TeV gamma rays from discrete celestial sources.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A Y-Mg-Si-Al-O-N glass was submitted to swift heavy-ion bombardment at GANIL (Caen, France) and the influence of irradiation on the mechanical properties was studied. The mechanical properties of the glass were characterized both before and after irradiation. Changes in hardness, elastic modulus and fracture toughness of the near-surface irradiated layer were determined using indentation techniques. SRIM calculations allowed to estimate the ions penetration range and the energy deposition relative to electronic and nuclear interactions, which can be correlated to the experimental damaged depth. Meyer's hardness and Young's modulus decrease by about 30 %, while fracture toughness is increased by more than 40 %. (authors)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Observations are reported of the lithium feature (6708 A) in some bright southern stars, most of which are F, G, or K dwarfs. Three of these stars have been suggested as belonging to the Ursa Major Group. Two of these three have the large Li abundance and strong Ca II H and K emission expected of such young stars. The third potential Ursa Major Group member has little Li, but is also not a true kinematic member. No stars were found with abnormal (Li-6)/(Li-7) ratios, in accord with other recent analyses. Thus it appears that all stars have (Li-6)/(Li-7) near the solar/terrestrial value of 0.08. 31 references.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The current research addressed age differences in internet use among Same Sex Attracted (SSA) individuals. In general, online communities are found to be a source of social support, especially for minority group members. However, it is unclear whether younger and older SSA people differ in their use of these communities. The present research examined age differences in use of online communities, hypothesizing that young SSA people primarily use these for social interaction and support, whereas older SSA people use online communities to seek sexual contacts. Study 1 examined age differences in motives to start using these websites. Study 2 examined age differences in use of online profiles and online social support. Results of both studies confirmed our hypotheses. Younger compared to older...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fly ash from Lagisza power station with addition of kaolin and calculated amount of carbon was reacted in flowing nitrogen at 1520"oC in order to obtain #beta#-sialon. The resulted powder was sintered with and without Y_2O_3 addition. Examinations show that it is possible to sinter that material without any sintering additives, however additive of Y_2O_3 decreases sintering temperature of about 100"oC. Sintering temperature influences the final mechanical properties like: flexural strength, microhardness, Young elastic modulus (E) and fracture toughness (K_I_c). (author)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The Sultanate of Oman has a relatively young national health care system that could demonstrate its high performance at an international level. Emergency medicine as a specialty has developed rapidly in the country over the last decade. This has involved the parallel development of local emergency residency training, prehospital emergency care, and emergency nursing programs. This article reviews the progress of emergency care practice in this country from a general primary care system toward becoming an established specialty in hospital, prehospital, and private emergency care settings. It also describes aspects of undergraduate, postgraduate, and continuous emergency medicine education in the country. Further, a glimpse into academic emergency medicine and emergency nursing is provided. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Six different groups of non-smoking young male subjects were studied separately for 18 consecutive days each in a closed controlled-environmental human exposure chamber. Each group was subjected to a 5-day control period in fresh air followed successively by an 8-day period of continuous exposure to 50 ppm, 15 ppm or 0 ppm (control) by volume of carbon monoxide (CO) in air, and a 5-day recovery period in fresh air. The subjects performed a 1-h auditory vigilance task every day at the same time of day in a fixed qualitative, quantitative, and temporal relationship with food intake, consumption of stimulating beverages, physical activity, and sleep. It was concluded that such CO exposure, involving the continuous carriage of carboxyhaemoglobin loads up to 7%, was without significant effect on auditory vigilance.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Young rats were given a single irradiation dose (0.5, 2, 5 or 8 Gy) to the left knee-joint. The right unexposed knee-joint served as control. The animals were decapitated 1.5, 3, 7, 14 or 30 days after the irradiation. Longitudinal bone growth in the tibial epiphysis was established using tetracycline as an intravital marker. During the first 1.5 days after irradiation with 5 and 8 Gy, the growth was slightly inhibited (6-7%). Maximum growth retardation (20%) was found 7 to 14 days after irradiation with 5 and 8 Gy. No consistent effect occurred after 0.5 and 2 Gy. Between 14 to 30 days following irradiation growth was normalized.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The last decade has produced an explosion in neuroscience research examining young children's early processing of language that has implications for education. Noninvasive, safe functional brain measurements have now been proven feasible for use with children starting at birth. In the arena of language, the neural signatures of learning can be documented at a remarkably early point in development, and these early measures predict performance in children's language and pre-reading abilities in the second, third, and fifth year of life, a finding with theoretical and educational import. There is evidence that children's early mastery of language requires learning in a social context, and this finding also has important implications for education. Evidence relating socioeconomic status (SES) ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The thermal properties (thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, thermoelectric power, thermal dilatation, etc.) and the mechanical properties (Young's modulus, strength, hardness, fracture toughness, etc.) have been measured at low temperatures (4-300K) and under a high magnetic field (0-10T) for about 50 REBaCuO bulks (RE=Y, Gd, Nd, Sm, Dy, etc.). We have constructed the database of these properties and opened it on the Web site (thermal properties: http://ikebehp.mat.iwate-u.ac.jp/database.html and mechanical properties: http://paris.mech.iwate-u.ac.jp/sc-bulk/database.html). The influence of the species of RE ions, the content, size and dispersion of the RE211 (or Nd422) phase and Ag particles and the defects distribution on these properties is characterized.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Recent legislative changes in both Europe and the USA have increased the responsibility of drug developers to purposefully study the agents they market in children so that specific dosing recommendations can be made to assist clinicians in their use. Typically, clinicians use empirical- or experiential-based rationales for selecting the dose to use in children, generally in a manner that attempts to achieve the same dose-exposure or pharmacokinetic profile in children as in adults. However, whether this approach achieves the necessary dose exposure or exposure effect needed may not be systematically explored during off-label use. This creates the opportunity for under- or over-exposure in children, particularly in very young children (i.e., less than 2 years old) where a combination of fac...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Background:- Diagnoses of paediatric bipolar disorder have increased over the last two decades in the United States, where high levels of comorbidity with ADHD have also been reported. Aims:- To explore how British clinicians apply these diagnoses. Method:- We compared 378 young people under the age of 18 who received a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and/or ADHD from a large NHS mental health trust between 1992 and 2007. Results:- Children with bipolar disorder were rare in this sample (n-=-35, 1.0%), particularly under the age of 13 (n-=-9, 0.3%). Children with bipolar disorder presented more often with affective and psychotic symptoms than children with ADHD. Irritability was common in both disorders. Core ADHD symptoms were prevalent in both conditions but occurred in a greater proportio...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We examined the spectral behaviors of lasing from a asymmetrically deformed liquid jet (a ? 14 ?m) which is induced by a laterally flowing gas. Th liquid sample was methanols which contains DCM dye. When n distortion is induced, the lasing spectrum appears as two periodic peaks which are corresponding to the resonance modes of cylindrical cavity. As the distortion parameter exceeds about 4%, the lasing spectrum shifts continuously to short wavelength. When the distortion parameter reaches ? 10%, the amount of blue shift was ? 30 nm. The blue shift can be explained as the shift of optimum wavelength of threshold curves. From the absorption and fluorescence curve of liquid sample, we estimated the spoiled Q with the distortion parameter.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The generalized demodulation time-frequency analysis is a novel signal processing method, which is particularly suitable for the processing of multi-component amplitude-modulated and frequency-modulated (AM-FM) signals as it can decompose a multi-component signal into a set of single-component signals whose instantaneous frequencies own physical meaning. While fault occurs in gear, the vibration signals measured from gearbox would exactly display AM-FM characteristics. Therefore, targeting the modulation feature of gear vibration signal in run-ups and run-downs, a fault diagnosis method in which generalized demodulation time-frequency analysis and envelope order spectrum technique are combined is put forward and applied to the transient analysis of gear vibration signal. Firstly the multi-...

CERN Document Server

Within a fully relativistic framework, we derive and solve numerically the perturbation equations of relativistic stars, including the stresses produced by a non-vanishing shear viscosity in the stress-energy tensor. With this approach, the real and imaginary parts of the frequency of the modes are consistently obtained. We find that, approaching the inviscid limit from the finite viscosity case, the continuous spectrum is regularized and we can calculate the quasi-normal modes for stellar models that do not admit solutions at first order in perturbation theory when the coupling between the polar and axial perturbations is neglected. The viscous damping time is found to agree within factor 2 with the usual estimate obtained by using the eigenfunctions of the inviscid limit and some approximation for the energy dissipation integrals. We find that the frequencies and viscous damping times for relativistic $r-$modes lie between the Newtonian and Cowling results. We ...

Science.gov (United States)

Recently the author showed that the widely used simulation code TDA3D, even though a single frequency code, can be used to determine the power spectrum in the SASE process with excellent approximation in the exponential growth regime. In this paper, the author applies this method to the BNL Cornell Wiggler A SASE experiment as an example. When the gain is not very high, there are many modes in the radiation, which seems to make the analytical calculation very difficult. However, he shows that the increment of the radiation due to SASE over the spontaneous radiation can be expanded in terms of guided modes with rapid convergence. Thus when the spontaneous radiation is substracted from the SASE power during the calculation, there is a good agreement between the analytical theory and the numerical simulation.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The basic relationships of the convolution/superposition dose calculation technique are reviewed, and a modelling technique that can be used for obtaining a satisfactory beam model for a commercially available convolution/superposition-based treatment planning system is described. A fluence energy spectrum for a Co-60 treatment machine obtained from a Monte Carlo simulation was used for modelling the fluence spectrum for a Rokus M machine. In order to achieve this model we measured the depth dose distribution and the dose profiles with a Wellhofer dosimetry system. The primary fluence was iteratively modelled by comparing the computed depth dose curves and beam profiles with the depth dose curves and crossbeam profiles measured in a water phantom. The objective of beam modelling is to build a model of the primary fluence that the patient is exposed to, which can then be used for the calculation of the dose deposited in the patient. (authors)

CERN Document Server

Effect of a planar texture quality and its thickness on lasing spectrums and thresholds in dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) of steroid type is explored. Transition from the qualitative planar texture to the poor texture quality is accompanied by change of characteristic mode structures and by shift of barycentre in the long-wave side and the considerable growth of the lasing threshold. It is found that in the CLC texture created by substrates with perpendicular directions of orientation the stable single-mode lasing takes place. The nature of oscillated modes in such texture is caused by phase jump. The gained results show that in steroid CLC, unlike induced one, lasing spectrums is possible to feature with the coupled wave model. Key words: steroidal cholesteric liquid crystal, distributed feedback lasing, oscillation thresholds, phase defect of periodical structure, transmission and lasing spectra

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Corneal laser refractive surgery is increasingly being performed on patients with the aim of improving unaided vision. Most candidates for surgery have excellent spectacle- or contact lens-corrected vision. Although microbial keratitis following refractive surgery is a rare complication, and usually has a good visual outcome, it can be sight-threatening. The spectrum of pathogens differs to other causes of microbial keratitis, such as contact lens-associated keratitis, and a different management approach is required. Postoperatively, patients are prescribed topical steroids and broad-spectrum topical antibiotics, typically fluoroquinolones. These do not cover unusual organisms, such as fungi, Nocardia, Acanthamoeba and some atypical mycobacteria. In post-laser-assisted in situ keratomileus...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kinetics of postradiation polymerization of triethylene glycol ..cap alpha.., ..omega..-dimethacrylate has been studied by calorimetric method. The low-temperature radiolysis has been studied by ESR method. The radiation-chemical yield of radicals on ..gamma..-irradiation by /sup 60/Co is determined being equal to 6+-1 1/100 ev. Transformation of the radicals spectrum into the spectrum of propagating macroradicals proceeds at 140 K. After the transition from glassy to liquid state (Tsub(g)=193 K) the intensive postpolymerization begins. During the polymerization the disappearance of radicals is observed. For the low-temperature region the effective activation energy of polymerization is determined beina equal to 50.7+-0.8 kJ/mol.

CERN Document Server

We present first worldline numerical results for the nontrivial interplay between geometry and temperature dependencies of the Casimir effect. We show that the temperature dependence of the Casimir force can be significantly larger for open geometries (e.g., perpendicular plates) than for closed geometries (e.g., parallel plates). For surface separations in the experimentally relevant range, the thermal correction for the perpendicular-plates configuration exhibits a stronger parameter dependence and exceeds that for parallel plates by more than an order of magnitude at room temperature. This effect can be attributed to the fact that the fluctuation spectrum for closed geometries is gapped, inhibiting the thermal excitation of modes at low temperatures. By contrast, open geometries support a thermal excitation of the low-lying modes in the gapless spectrum already at low temperatures.

Science.gov (United States)

A new approach of gear fault diagnosis based on continuous wavelet transform is presented. Continuous wavelet transform can provide a finer scale resolution than orthogonal wavelet transform. It is more suitable for extracting mechanical fault information. In this paper, the concept of time-averaged wavelet spectrum (TAWS) based on Morlet continuous wavelet transform is proposed. Two fault diagnosis methods named spectrum comparison method (SCM) and feature energy method (FEM) based on TAWS are established. The results of the application to gearbox gear fault diagnosis show that TAWS can effectively extract gear fault information. The feature energy of the TAWS features the gear fault advancement very well and is conically proportional to the gear fault advancement.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reduction of the metallic impurity concentration in the TCA plasma has enabled us to correlate the observed heating with the calculated position where the rf energy is deposited. In modelling the measured antenna loading due to the presence of Alfven resonance surfaces, and hence inferring the energy deposition profile, both ion cyclotron effects and the toroidal geometry must be considered. In particular, toroidicity couples energy to resonance surfaces that would not be excited in cylindrical geometry. The increase in electron density during a rf pulse changes the positions of these surfaces so that spectrum-related effects may be observed. The appearance of a new surface at the centre of the plasma is seen as a sharp discontinuity on many of the macroscopic parameters, accompanied by evidence of changes in the current density profile. These results, and the predictions of numerical codes, have imposed new constraints on the optimisation of our antenna system.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The Formula Not Shown system of Formula Not Shown was first observed in auroral emissions by Meinel in 1950. Although the Formula Not Shown band system has been reinvestigated since this first spectral study, no laboratory spectrum of the (2,1) vibronic band has been obtained. We have recently built a continuous-wave cavity ringdown spectrometer, and as a first test of this spectrometer we observed the (2,1) band of Formula Not Shown in a positive column discharge cell. Many lines of the first positive band system of Formula Not Shown were also identified during the process of assigning this spectrum. The relative intensities of the Formula Not Shown and Formula Not Shown bands were found to change with discharge cell pressure, and so each spectral region was observed at two pressures to a...

CERN Document Server

Motional heating of ions in micro-fabricated traps is a challenge hindering experimental realization of large-scale quantum processing devices. Recently a series of measurements of the heating rates in surface-electrode ion traps characterized their frequency, distance, and temperature dependencies, but our understanding of the microscopic origin of this noise is still vague. In this work we develop a theoretical model for the electric field noise which is associated with a random distribution of adsorbed atoms on the trap electrode surface. By using first principle calculations of the fluctuating dipole moments of the adsorbed atoms we evaluate the distance, frequency and temperature dependence of the resulting electric field fluctuation spectrum.Our theory calculates the noise spectrum beyond the standard scenario of two-level fluctuators, by incorporating all the relevant vibrational states. The $1/f$ noise is shown to commence at roughly ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aim of this case study is to analyse the socio-economic effects of forest fuel supply and use chains. Two of the four cases are rural district heating plants. In Perho, the co-operative organisation of forest owners maintains the fuel supply and operates the plant. In Ruukki, the local forestry association supplies forest chips to the plant. These medium-scale plants use small-sized trees from young thinning stands as their main fuel. The trees are felled manually. The other two cases are large power plants. Alholmens Kraft's new power plant in Pietarsaari aim to use 250 000 solid-m3 of forest chips annually. The logging residues are hauled to the plant as bales using traditional timber harvesting equipment or as bulk material. At young thinning stands the trees are harvested using an accumulating feller buncher. The Toppila I and II power plants in the city of Oulu used about 36 000 solid-m3 of forest chips. Over 300 000 solid-m3 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Purpose: Reconstruction of radiation doses for the thoracoabdominal babygram and the abdomen X-ray from radiographic settings and exposure data acquired at Dr. von Hauner's Kinderspital (children's hospital of the University of Munich, DvHK) between 1976 and 2007; comparison of these dose values with values reported in the literature; recommendation of a reference dose value for the thoracoabdominal babygram. Materials and Methods: The data from all X-ray examinations performed since 1976 at DvHK were stored electronically in a database. After 30 years of data collection, the database now includes 305 107 radiological examinations (radiographs and fluoroscopies), especially 1493 thoracoabdominal babygrams and 3632 abdomen X-rays of newborns and young infants. With the computer program PAeDOS, a specific dose reconstruction algorithm was developed. Results: the entrance dose values of thoracoabdominal babygrams and abdomen X-rays in DvHK could be reduced in the last ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A series of Model Tests of Embedment Effect on Reactor Buildings has been carried out by the Nuclear Power Engineering Corporation (NUPEC), under the sponsorship of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) of Japan. Reactor buildings in Japan are partially embedded in general. Therefore, it is important to know how partial embedment affects the vibration characteristics of reactor buildings relating to seismic safety. Laboratory tests were conducted using a ground model made of silicone rubber (Young's modulus 2.3x10"6 Pa, Poisson's ratio 0.484, Density 1.24x 10"3 kg/m3 , Damping ratio 0.01) and a foundation model made of aluminum shown to study the effects of embedment on soil-structure interaction with different backfill types. The ground model is a cylinder, 70 cm high and 300 cm in diameter, with pit where the parallelepiped foundation model with square plan of 30 cm x 30 cm and 18 cm high was placed. Four types of backfill of silicone rubber ...

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in young children may provide information about the development of the visual cortex, and may have predictive value for later visual performance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of fMRI for examining cerebral processing of vision in very young infants and in infants with brain damage. We examined 15 preterm infants, 12 children suspected of having a cerebral visual impairment and 10 children with a normal visual system, all of whom were either spontaneously asleep or sedated with chloral hydrate. Cortical response to stroboscopic light stimulation could be demonstrated in all technically acceptable data sets from children with a post-menstrual age (PMA) of > 41 weeks, but not in younger infants. Children < 60 weeks PMA showed either a blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal increase or decrease, while all older children showed a signal decrease. The activated ...

Science.gov (United States)

Polymethlylmethacrylate (PMMA) is the most frequently used cement for percutaneous vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty. To aid visualisation during surgery cements are doped with radiopacifying agents such as Barium sulphate (Ba(2)SO(4)) or Zirconium Dioxide (ZiO(2)). Mounting research suggests that these agents may impair the biocompatibility of the cements. However, incorporating an alternative radiopacifier agent with excellent biocompatibility would be a significant step forward. Bioactive radiopaque glasses incorporating elements such as strontium (Sr) and zinc (Zn), known to have beneficial and therapeutic effects on bone, are of great interest in this respect. In this study, the Ba(2)SO(4) of the commercially available Spineplex was incrementally replaced with a radiopaque therapeutic glass composition. The resulting effects on cement setting time, peak isotherm, ultimate compressive strength, Young's modulus (up to 30 days cement maturation) and radiopacity were ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

I present a study of two Herbig Ae stars that are in completely different evolutionary stages: V892 Tau and PV Cep. Using sub-arcsecond interferometric observations obtained with the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy at #lambda# = 1.3 and 2.7 mm, I have for the first time resolved their disks. I deduce that the 5 Myr old V892 Tau has a low dust opacity index #beta# = 1.1 and a disk mass of #approx#0.03 M_s_u_n. These values correspond to the growth of its dust into large, up to centimeters size, structures. In contrast, the very young (a few x10"5 yr) PV Cep has a quite high opacity index #beta# = 1.75 and a more massive disk 0.8 M_s_u_n. PV Cep has the youngest resolved disk around any Herbig Ae star. Unlike the youngest T Tauri and Class 0 stars, which contain large and processed grains, the young Herbig Ae star, PV Cep, disk contains interstellar-medium-like unprocessed dust. This suggests that PV Cep's dust evolution ...

Science.gov (United States)

A radioactive particle was analyzed to discover the composition of the inactive material of the particle. The method uses the x-ray line spectrum of the K series caused by electron irradiation of the particle in the electron microscope. Iron and aluminum or silicon (the last two could not be distinguished) were found as inactive components in the particle. (D.L.C.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This book covers representative projects in each program within the Department of Energy. The projects included were selected to provide an insight into the wide spectrum of projects authorized and under way in the Department. The projects described do not cover all projects authorized - they are merely representative. Descriptions, goals, and status are given for 29 energy projects, 4 scientific projects, and 5 defense projects. (RWR)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

By using the quark-parton-flucton and Weinberg-Salam models, effects of interactions of weak neutral quark and neutrino currents were considered in deep - inelastic neutrino (anti)-nucleus scattering #nu# (anti-#nu#) A #-># #nu# (anti-#nu#) #gamma#X. The energy spectrum and degree of photon circular polarization were obtained in present paper. In particular for the nucleon (A = 1). The theoretical results were in a good agreement with data mentioned. (author). 6 refs., 4 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Si-L X-ray emission spectrum of amorphous hydrogenated silicon (a-Si:H) is presented and discussed. For a qualitative interpretation of the measured spectra cluster calculations of pure Si clusters (SiSi4) and Si clusters with hydrogen (SiSi3H) have been performed using a simplified LCAO-X scheme. In general the level shifts caused by introduction of hydrogen are small compared with the valence band width.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An investigation of the Ll x-#gamma# angular correlations following the decay of "2"0"7Bi is done by using a Si(Li) semiconductor counter as L x-ray detector. Coincidence measurements at five different angles were made between the 570-keV #gamma# ray (gated in the movable counter) and the Ll x spectrum (displayed in a multichannel analyzer).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

From the numbers of radiographs of the different examinations and the total amount of radiological diagnostics in the GDR their possible modification by new imaging techniques is discussed under the aspects of costs and radiation burden. Film-screen-systems are of special importance, because they also will be most frequently used image recording system in future. The importance of their various properties and parameters, methods of determining these parameters as well as future developments are analyzed from the standpoint of practical requirements. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Based on the reliability analysis methods of FMEA and FTA, according to the result of ETA of PRA in Daya by NPP, the top events of the fault trees of reactor protection system and the success criteria were established. By using RISK-SPECTRUM procedure, the unavailability and the minimal cut-sets (MCS) of the fault trees were obtained. The results of analysis was put into the visual risk analysis software of Daya bay NPP as the support of data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Quark models of production of cumulative particles and the EMC effect are analyzed. It is shown that all these models are characterized by a universal relation between the spectrum of cumulative nucleons and the cross section for cumulative particles containing valence quarks of the nucleus. This relation is tested for the deuteron, and the role of secondary nuclear processes for heavy nuclei is discussed. It is noted that the ''sea'' cumulative particles (K"-, p-bar) are particularly important for understanding the nature of the difference between the structure functions of a nucleus and of a free nucleon.