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AbstractThe Oriental and East Palaearctic genus Hartemita Cameron, 1910 (Braconidae: Cardiochilinae) is recorded...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We investigate the asymptotic properties of the Bianchi type IX cosmological model in the brane-world scenario. The matter content is assumed to be a combination of a perfect fluid and a minimimally coupled scalar field that is restricted to the brane. A detailed qualitative analysis of the Bianchi type IX brane-world containing a scalar field having an exponential potential is undertaken. It is found that the brane-Robertson-Walker solution is a local source for the expanding Bianchi type IX models, and if k"2<2 the ever-expanding Bianchi IX models asymptote to the power-law inflationary solution. The only other local sink is the contracting brane-Robertson Walker solution. An analysis of the Bianchi type IX models with a scalar field with a general potential is discussed, and it is shown that in the case of expanding models, for physical scalar field potentials close to the initial singularity, the scalar field is effectively massless, and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ninety-five nests of Centris (Heterocentris) terminata Smith were collected in trap nests, during November/2001 and January/2003, at two fragments (PZGV e CFO-UFBA) of secondary Atlantic Forest, in Salvador, Bahia State (13 deg 01' W and 38 deg 30' S). The highest nest frequencies occurred from December to February (summer), with no nests foundations from August to October (winter - early spring). Two-hundred eight adults emerged from 347 brood cells, being 164 males and 116 females (1: 0.42). During the study period sex ratio was male biased ({chi}{sup 2} = 9.342; gl = 10; P < 0.05). C. terminata nested in holes with diameters 6, 8, 10 mm, but 84,2% were constructed in 8 and 10 mm. nests had one to seven cells arranged in a linear series with the cell's partitions built with a mixture of sand and resin or oil. Male is significantly smaller than female, which emerges from the first cells constructed. Immature mortality occurred in 14.1% of brood cells ...

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...com: Chicken Soup for the Soul: Power Moms - 101 Stories Celebrating the Power of Choice for Stay-at-Home and Work-from-Home Moms (9781935096313)...com: Chicken Soup for the Soul: Power Moms - 101 Stories Celebrating the Power of Choice for Stay-at-Home and Work-from-Home Moms (9781935096313)...Victor Hansen, Wendy Walker: Books Jack Canfield, Mark Victor Hansen, Wendy Walker,Chicken Soup for the Soul: Power Moms - 101 Stories Celebrating ...the Power of Choice for Stay-at-Home and Work- from-Home Moms,Chicken Soup for the Soul,1935096311,I9781935096313,Child Care/Parenting,Employment,Literary collections,Motherhood,...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We apply Hawking's proposal for the initial state of the Universe to a rotating Bianchi type-IX minisuperspace model in order to examine the problem of rotation in a closed cosmology. Using the Feynman path-integral techniques instead of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, we are able to say that for a small angular velocity the closed Friedmann-Robertson-Walker model is indeed the most probable initial state for the Universe.

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We study free and self-interacting scalar quantum field theories in a flat Robertson-Walker metric in the functional Schroedinger picture. We discuss Schroedinger picture quantization, relating it to conventional Heisenberg picture quantization. For the interacting theory, we introduce the time-dependent Gaussian approximation to study time evolution of pure and mixed states and we establish renormalizability of the approximation. We also study the question of computing a finite, renormalized energy-momentum tensor for both the free and the interacting theory in the Gaussian appproximation. Using the adiabatic expansion, we show that the entire subtration necessary to make the the energy-momentum tensor finite in the free theory can be written in terms of covariantly conserved tensors. We further show that the same subtraction is sufficient to make the energy-momentum tensor finite in the Gaussian approximation for the interacting theory provided that the mass and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The diagonal and symmetric Bianchi type IX models are coupled to a homogeneous spinor field. An action for the combined fields is constructed, where the orthonormal basis used is given explicitly in terms of the metric. This allows one to vary the action with respect to the metric and the spinor fields only. Next, a Hamiltonian formulation is given, and a qualitative solution for the problem is presented. We also show that the k = +1 FRW (Friedmann--Robertson--Walker) model is not compatible with a homogeneous spinor field, while the more complicated models are.

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We give relations for the embedding of spatially-flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmological models of Einstein's theory in flat manifolds of the type used in Kaluza-Klein theory. We present embedding diagrams that depict different 4D universes as hypersurfaces in a higher-dimensional flat manifold. The morphology of the hypersurfaces is found to depend on the equation of state of the matter. The hypersurfaces possess a line-like curvature singularity infinitesimally close to the t 0{sup +} 3-surface, where t is the time expired since the big bang. The family of timelike comoving geodesics on any given hypersurface is found to have a caustic on the singular line, which we conclude is the 5D position of the point-like big bang.

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The evolution of Bianchi type-I and type-IX universes for a theory of gravity with an {epsilon}{ital R}{sup 2} term added to the usual Lagrangian is considered. As in the spatially flat Robertson-Walker case considered previously by others, inflation is found to occur. For any amount of initial anisotropy, the anisotropy decays quickly relative to the length of the inflationary epoch, and the amount of expansion is enhanced by the anisotropy. The exceptions are Bianchi type-IX universes near or at isotropy. In these cases a wide range of initial parameters causes the universe to recollapse, thus reducing the phase space in which inflation can occur. The diagonal metric is shown to be the most general form in the {ital R}{sup 2} theory for both Bianchi type-I universes with a perfect fluid and vacuum Bianchi type-IX models.

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Equilibrium and energy equations have been developed in describing the solid-fluid transition zone during the melting and solidification of the binary alloys. Due to the existence of the transition region exhibited both solid and fluid phases at the same material point from continuum point of view, mixture theory was utilized to analyze the region. Unlike the Stefan problem, the latent heat due to the phase change appears as a source term in the heat equation. The molten fluid is treated as a thermoviscous and incompressible fluid, whereas the solid is thermoviscoplastic described by the Bodner-Partom/Walker type of constitutive equations. Thermal mechanical behaviors of the solid and the fluid phases are determined separately because of insignificant mechanical interactions between them. Volume fractions of the phases are obtained according to the equilibrium phase diagram. The simulation process of the transition zone and the welding process was carried out by ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Coupled continuous time random walks (CTRWs) model normal and anomalous diffusion of random walkers by taking the sum of random jump lengths dependent on the random waiting times immediately preceding each jump. They are used to simulate diffusion-like processes in econophysics such as stock market fluctuations, where jumps represent financial market microstructure like log returns. In this and many other applications, the magnitude of the largest observations (e.g. a stock market crash) is of considerable importance in quantifying risk. We use a stochastic process called a coupled continuous time random maxima (CTRM) to determine the density governing the maximum jump length of a particle undergoing a CTRW. CTRM are similar to continuous time random walks but track maxima instead of sums....

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We consider perturbations of a particular type (homogeneous of Bianchi type IX) from a closed Friedmann-Robertson-Walker model. By considering a perfect fluid, we obtain closed-form solutions for the perturbations in three interesting cases: stiff matter, radiation, and dust. As a cosmological application, we obtain an upper limit on the relative shear, (sigma/theta)_0 < b/sub 0exp/, if the microwave background radiation was last scattered at a mean red-shift element of [7,10"3] and the density parameter is #OMEGA# element of (1,10), where b/sub 0exp/ is the relative root-mean-square deviation of the temperature over the whole sky.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Safety-technical factors related to spontaneous ignition and dust explosions of biomasses were investigated. Parametres of dust explosions and effect of inertisation on the maximum pressure (pmax) and the maximum rate of pressure rise (Kstmax) were studied at elevated initial pressure (1-9 bar). The level of inertisation required to prevent dust explosions totally was determined at different initial pressures. The sensitivity of fuels to spontaneous ignition and the effect of pressure on the sensitivity to and temperature of spontaneous ignition were studied on a pressurised dynamic self-ignition equipment. The effect of inertisation on the self-ignition temperature and alternatives of preventing spontaneous ignition by effective inertisation in the pressure ranges of 1 and 25 bar were investigated. As an example of application, results obtained with the laboratory test equipment were extrapolated to bin sizes used in practice. As a factor contributing to spontaneous ignition, the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The dynamics of a general Bianchi type-IX model with three scale factors is examined. The matter content of the model is assumed to be comoving dust plus a positive cosmological constant. The model presents a critical point of saddle-center-center type in the finite region of phase space. This critical point engenders in the phase space dynamics the topology of stable and unstable four dimensional tubes RxS"3, where R is a saddle direction and S"3 is the manifold of unstable periodic orbits in the center-center sector. A general characteristic of the dynamical flow is an oscillatory mode about orbits of an invariant plane of the dynamics which contains the critical point and a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) singularity. We show that a pair of tubes (one stable, one unstable) emerging from the neighborhood of the critical point towards the FRW singularity have homoclinic transversal crossings. The homoclinic intersection manifold has topology RxS"2 and is ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The quantum behavior of the vacuum Bianchi type-IX universe with the cosmological constant is investigated in terms of the Ashtekar variables. An exact solution to the quantum Hamiltonian constraint in the holomorphic representation is given. This solution reduces to the Hartle-Hawking wave function in the spatially isotropic sector and extends in the triad representation to the classically forbidden region where the determinant of the spatial metric becomes negative. The analysis of the quantum Robertson-Walker universe indicates that if the superspace is extended to such a classically forbidden region, the holomorphic representation picks up some restricted class of solutions in general. This observation leads to a new ansatz on the boundary condition of the Universe. In particular, the behavior of the Lorentzian and Euclidean WKB orbits corresponding to the solution suggests a new picture on the semiclassical behavior of the quantum Universe: that the Universe ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: Disorders of brain development and phakomatosis are resulting from disturbed embryonic-foetal development One third of all major embryological anomalies involve CNS, and over 2000 different anomalies have been described. Anomalies of the brain often cause foetal and neonatal death, and mental and physical retardation in pediatric group. The majority of disorders of brain development and phakomatosis are idiopathic, and most of them are not hereditary or familial. Ultrasonography plays the important role in screening foetal and neonatal brain, but after closure of fontanels it is difficult to find the acoustic window. CT has limited contrast resolution, and disadvantage exposing infant to ionizing radiation. It is helpful to demonstrate the presence of calcifications. MR imaging has proved to be a diagnostic tool of major importance in children with disorders of brain development and phakomatosis. The excellent grey/white matter differentiation and multiplanar imaging ...